UNITED STATES
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
Washington, D.C. 20549
FORM 10-K
(Mark One)
UNITED STATES
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
Washington, D.C. 20549
FORM 10-K
þ ANNUAL REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIESEXCHANGE ACT OF 1934
For the fiscal year ended January 31, 2021
or
For the fiscal year ended January 31, 2018
o 
TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIESEXCHANGE ACT OF 1934
For the transition period from                      to
Commission File Number: 001-07982
RAVEN INDUSTRIES, INC.
(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)
For the transition period from                      to
Commission File Number: 001-07982
RAVEN INDUSTRIES, INC.
(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)
ravn-20210131_g1.jpg
SDSouth Dakota46-024617146-0246171
(State or other jurisdiction of incorporation or organization)(IRS Employer Identification No.)
205 E. 6th Street, P.O. Box 5107Sioux Falls, SD57117- 5107SD57117-5107
(Address of principal executive offices)(Zip Code)
Registrant's telephone number including area code (605) 336-2750
Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:
Title of each class:Name of each exchange on which registered
Common Stock, $1 par valueThe NASDAQ Stock Market
Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(g) of the Act: None
Registrant’s telephone number, including area code: (605) 336-2750
Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:
Indicate by check mark if the registrant is a well-known seasoned issuer, as defined in Rule 405 of the Securities Act.þYesoNo
Indicate by check mark if the registrant is not required to file reports pursuant to Section 13 or Section 15(d) of the Act.oYesþNo
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days.þYesoNo
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically and posted on its corporate website, if any, every Interactive Data File required to be submitted and posted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit and post such files).þYesoNo
Indicate by check mark if disclosure of delinquent filers pursuant to Item 405 of Regulation S-K (§229.405 of this chapter) is not contained herein, and will not be contained, to the best of registrant's knowledge, in definitive proxy or information statements incorporated by reference in Part III of this Form 10-K or any amendment to this Form 10-K.þ
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, or a smaller reporting company. See the definitionTitle of “accelerated filer,” “large accelerated filer” and “smaller reporting company”each classTrading SymbolName of each exchange on which registered
Common Stock, $1 par valueRAVNNasdaqGlobal Select Market
Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(g) of the Act: None
Indicate by check mark if the registrant is a well-known seasoned issuer, as defined in Rule 405 of the Securities Act.þ Yes o No
Indicate by check mark if the registrant is not required to file reports pursuant to Section 13 or Section 15(d) of the Act. Yes þNo
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days.þ Yes o No
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically every Interactive Data File required to be submitted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit such files).
þ Yes o No
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, a smaller reporting company, or an emerging growth company. See the definition of "large accelerated filer," "accelerated filer," "smaller reporting company," and "emerging growth company" in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.Large accelerated filerþAccelerated fileroNon-accelerated filero(Do not check if a smaller reporting company)Smaller reporting companyoEmerging growth companyo
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shellLarge accelerated filerAccelerated filer
Non-accelerated filerSmaller reporting company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Act).o
YesþEmerging growth companyNo
If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act.     
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has filed a report on and attestation to its management's assessment of the effectiveness of its internal control over financial reporting under Section 404(b) of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act (15 U.S.C. 7262(b)) by the registered public accounting firm that prepared or issued its audit report. þ
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act).Yes þ No
The aggregate market value of the registrant's common stock held by non-affiliates at July 31, 2020, was approximately $763,599,982. The aggregate market value was computed by reference to the closing price as reported on the Nasdaq Global Select Market, $21.61, on July 31, 2020, which was the last business day of the registrant's most recently completed second fiscal quarter. The number of shares outstanding on March 19, 2021, was 35,869,499
The aggregate market value of the registrant's common stock held by non-affiliates at July 31, 2017 was approximately $1,231,707,927. The aggregate market value was computed by reference to the closing price as reported on the NASDAQ Global Select Market, $34.40, on July 31, 2017, which was as of the last business day of the registrant's most recently completed second fiscal quarter. The number of shares outstanding on March 16, 2018 was 35,796,857.
DOCUMENTS INCORPORATED BY REFERENCE
The definitive proxy statement relating to the registrant's Annual Meeting of Shareholders, to be held May 22, 2018,25, 2021, is incorporated by reference into Part III to the extent described therein.





PART I
Item 1.BUSINESS
Item 1A.RISK FACTORS
Item 1B.UNRESOLVED STAFF COMMENTS
Item 2.PROPERTIES
Item 3.LEGAL PROCEEDINGS
Item 4.MINE SAFETY DISCLOSURES
PART III
Item 1.BUSINESS
Item 1A.RISK FACTORS
Item 1B.UNRESOLVED STAFF COMMENTS
Item 2.PROPERTIES
Item 3.LEGAL PROCEEDINGS
Item 4.MINE SAFETY DISCLOSURES
PART II
Item 5.MARKET FOR REGISTRANT'S COMMON EQUITY, RELATED SHAREHOLDER MATTERS, AND ISSUER PURCHASES OF EQUITY SECURITIES
Quarterly InformationCompany Stock Performance
Stock PerformanceDividends
Item 6.SELECTED FINANCIAL DATAIssuer Purchases of Equity Securities
Five-year Financial Summary
Item 7.MANAGEMENT'S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS
Executive Summary
Results of Operations - Segment Analysis
Liquidity and Capital Resources
Off-Balance Sheet Arrangements and Contractual Obligations
Critical Accounting Policies and Estimates
Accounting Pronouncements
Forward-Looking Statements
Item 7A.QUANTITATIVE AND QUALITATIVE DISCLOSURES ABOUT MARKET RISK
Item 8.FINANCIAL STATEMENTS AND SUPPLEMENTARY DATA
Management's Report on Internal Control Over Financial Reporting
ReportReports of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm - Deloitte & Touche LLP
Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm - PricewaterhouseCoopers LLPConsolidated Balance Sheets
Consolidated Balance Sheets
Consolidated Statements of Income and Comprehensive Income
Consolidated Statements of Shareholders' Equity
Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
Item 9.CHANGES IN AND DISAGREEMENTS WITH ACCOUNTANTS ON ACCOUNTING AND FINANCIAL DISCLOSURE
Item 9A.CONTROLS AND PROCEDURES
Item 9B.OTHER INFORMATION
PART III
Item 10.DIRECTORS, EXECUTIVE OFFICERS AND CORPORATE GOVERNANCE
Item 11.EXECUTIVE COMPENSATION
Item 12.SECURITY OWNERSHIP OF CERTAIN BENEFICIAL OWNERS AND MANAGEMENT AND RELATED SHAREHOLDER MATTERS
Item 13.CERTAIN RELATIONSHIPS AND RELATED TRANSACTIONS AND DIRECTOR INDEPENDENCE
Item 14.
PRINCIPAL ACCOUNTING FEES AND SERVICES
PART IV
Item 15.EXHIBITS, FINANCIAL STATEMENT SCHEDULE
Item 16.FORM 10-K SUMMARY
INDEX TO EXHIBITSSIGNATURES
SIGNATURESSCHEDULE II
SCHEDULE II





PART I
PART I
ITEM 1.BUSINESS

Raven Industries, Inc. (the Company or Raven) was incorporated in February 1956 under the laws of the State of South Dakota and began operations later that same year. The Company is a diversified technology company providing a variety of products to customers within the industrial, agricultural, geomembrane, construction, commercial lighter-than-air, and aerospace/aerospace and defense markets. The Company markets its products around the world and has its principal operations in the United States of America. Raven began operations as a manufacturer of high-altitude research balloons before diversifying into product lines that extended from technologies and production methods of this original balloon business. The Company employs 1,157 people1,363 permanent and temporary employees and is headquartered at 205 E. 6th Street, Sioux Falls, SD 57104 - telephone (605) 336-2750. The Company's Internet address is http://www.ravenind.com and its common stock trades on the NASDAQNasdaq Global Select Market under the ticker symbol RAVN. The Company has adopted a Code of Conduct applicable to all officers, directors and employees, which is available on its website. Information on the Company's website is not part ofincorporated into this filing.

We make ourThe Company makes its annual report on Form 10-K, quarterly reports on Form 10-Q, current reports on Form 8-K and all amendments to those reports available, free of charge, in the “Investor Relations”"Investor Relations" section of our Internetthe Company's website as soon as reasonably practicable after wethe Company electronically filefiles these materials with, or furnishfurnishes these materials to, the Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC). Information on or connected to our website is neither part of, nor incorporated by reference into, this Form 10-K or any other report filed with or furnished to the SEC.

You mayThese materials are also read or copy any materials that we file with the SEC at its Public Reference Room at 100 F Street, N.E., Washington, DC 20549. You may obtain additional information about the Public Reference Room by calling the SEC at 1-800-SEC-0330. Additionally, you will find these materialsfound on the SEC Internet sitewebsite at www.sec.gov. This site contains reports, proxy statements and other information regarding issuers that file electronically with the SEC.

This Annual Report on Form 10-K (Form 10-K) contains forward-looking statements that are subject to risks and uncertainties. All statements other than statements of historical fact included in this Form 10-K are forward-looking statements. Forward-looking statements give ourthe Company's current expectations and projections relating to ourits financial condition, results of operations, plans, objectives, future performance, and business. All forward-looking statements are subject to risks and uncertainties that may cause actual results to differ materially from those that wethe Company expected. Important factors that could cause actual results to differ materially from ourthe Company's expectations and other important information about forward-looking statements are disclosed under Item 1A, “Risk Factors”"Risk Factors" and Item 7, “Management’s"Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations, Forward-Looking Statements”Statements" in this Form 10-K.

COVID-19

In March 2020, the World Health Organization declared the novel coronavirus 2019 (“COVID-19”) a global pandemic. The COVID-19 pandemic has had, and may continue to have, an unfavorable impact on certain areas of our business. The broader implications of the COVID-19 pandemic on our business, financial condition and results of operations remain uncertain and will depend on certain developments, including the duration and severity of the COVID-19 pandemic, and the availability, distribution, and effectiveness of vaccines to address the COVID-19 virus. The impact on our customers and suppliers and the range of governmental and community reactions to the pandemic are uncertain. The Company may continue to experience reduced customer demand or constrained supply that could materially adversely impact our business, financial condition, results of operations, liquidity and cash flows in future periods.

BUSINESS SEGMENTS

The Company has three unique operating units, or divisions, that are also its reportable segments:business segments ("segment" or "segments"): Applied Technology Division (Applied Technology), Engineered Films Division (Engineered Films), and Aerostar Division (Aerostar). Product lines have been generally grouped in these segments based on technology, manufacturing processes, and end-use application; however, a business segment may serve more than one of the product markets identified above. The Company measures the profitability and performance of its segments primarily based on their operating income excluding general and administrative expenses. Other income or expense and income taxes are not allocated to individual operating segments, and assets not identifiable to an individual segment are included as corporate assets. Segment information is reported consistent with the Company's management reporting structure.




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Applied Technology
Applied Technology designs, manufactures, sells, and services innovative precision agriculture products and information management tools, which are collectively referred to as precision agriculture equipment, that focus on machine automation to help farmers reduce costs, more precisely control inputs, and improve farm yields for the global agriculture market. The Applied Technology product families include application controls, GPS-guidance steering systems, field computers, automatic boom controls, advanced machine automation including autonomous agriculture technology and platforms, information management tools, and injection systems. Applied Technology's services include high-speed in-field internet connectivity and cloud-based data management.

Applied Technology sells its precision agriculture equipment to both original equipment manufacturers (OEMs) and through aftermarket distribution partners within agricultural markets both domestically and internationally. Applied Technology competes with other technology-based companies in a number of its product families and may compete with OEMs if they develop their own precision agriculture technology rather than purchase it from a third-party such as Raven. The Company's competitive advantage in this segment is designing and selling innovative, reliable, easy-to-use, and value-add products that are supported by an industry-leading service and support team.

The Company's Applied Technology Division continues to expand its Slingshot® communications platform. Slingshot improves logistics, communications, and application execution, driving business efficiencies for its agriculture retail partners. In January 2019, Applied Technology acquired the assets of AgSync, Inc. (AgSync), an agriculture logistics software company. This acquisition enhanced the division's Slingshot platform by delivering a logistics solution for ag retailers, custom applicators, and enterprise farms.

The Company announced Raven Autonomy™ as a strategic growth initiative in November 2019 to become an industry leader in autonomous agricultural solutions through both technology and autonomous platforms. Raven Autonomy™ is the Company's expansion of its existing machine control technology through autonomous smart machine platforms and implements used in farming. The Company began executing on this strategic growth initiative in the fourth quarter of fiscal 2020 by acquiring Smart Ag, Inc. (Smart Ag®) and Dot Technology Corp. (DOT®). In fiscal 2021, the Company continued to make progress toward its goal to commercialize its first autonomous solutions in ag technology, allowing ag professionals to be more efficient in running their operations with less reliance on human decision making:

acquired full voting control of DOT in the first quarter
invested approximately $17 million in research and development and selling activities to drive commercialization
performed significant field testing, preparing for initial product launches for both the Dot® Power Platform and tractor autonomous power units (APUs) in fiscal 2022;
began accepting pre-orders for its first commercially available autonomous ag technology, AutoCart®, and established a new headquarters for Raven's business in Canada

Engineered Films
Engineered Films produces high-performance plastic films and sheeting for geomembrane, agricultural, construction, and industrial applications and also offers design-build and installation services of these plastic films and sheeting. Plastic film and sheeting can be purchased separately or together with installation services.

Engineered Films has various fabrication facilities in the United States (U.S.) to provide a heightened level of service and faster product delivery to customers of its geomembrane and construction products. In January 2020, the division expanded its fabrication capabilities to the East Coast, leasing a facility in Waynesboro, Virginia.

Engineered Films sells direct to end-customers and through independent third-party distributors. The majority of products sold into the construction and agriculture markets are sold through distributors, while sales into the geomembrane and industrial markets are generally sold to end-customers. The Company extrudes a significant portion of the film converted for its commercial products and believes it is one of the largest sheeting converters in the United States in the markets it serves. Engineered Films' ability to extrude and convert films, along with offering installation services for its geomembrane products, allows it to provide a more customized solution to customers. A number of film manufacturers compete with the Company on both price and product availability.

In November 2019, the Company announced Raven Composites™ as a strategic growth platform for Engineered Films. Raven Composites™ is expected to build on the division's core strengths and expand Engineered Films to become an industry leader in the adjacent reinforced composites market. By leveraging the division's reinforced materials expertise, Engineered Films will develop a range of thinner, lighter, stronger rigid composite material that will include laminated layers of the division's surface films, resulting in superior finish characteristics on rigid materials for the transportation, construction, and industrial market
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segments. The Company invested approximately $5 million in research and development equipment in fiscal 2021 to support new product development efforts for Raven Composites™. Larger scale manufacturing equipment to advance Raven Composites™ is on order and expected to be operational during the third quarter of fiscal 2022.

Aerostar
Aerostar serves the aerospace and defense and commercial lighter-than-air markets. Aerostar's core products include high-altitude stratospheric platforms, technical services, and radar systems. These products can be integrated with additional third-party sensors to provide research, communications, and situational awareness capabilities to governmental and commercial customers. Aerostar’s growth strategy emphasizes the design and manufacture of proprietary products in these markets. Aerostar also pursues product and support services contracts with U.S. government agencies as well as sales of advanced radar systems in international markets.
Aerostar sells to government agencies as both a prime contractor and subcontractor and to commercial users primarily as a sub-contractor. Aerostar competes with other technology companies that specialize in aerospace and defense and commercial products and services based on price, performance, and service.

MARKET CONDITIONS AND OUTLOOK

In fiscal 2021, the Company made key advances across the enterprise and through the strategic platforms for growth. In response to the pandemic, the Company identified four priorities for the year that included upholding the Raven Way, emphasizing cash flow, protecting the core business, and aggressively investing in Raven Autonomy™. The Company successfully achieved these goals while managing the business through adverse economic conditions, supply chain constraints, and changing the Company's production processes to promote the health and well-being of team members.

The Company expects to advance on key milestones in fiscal 2022 within Raven Autonomy™, Raven Composites™, and Raven Thunderhead Balloon Systems, while leveraging the strength of our underlying businesses. The Company is focused on aggressively investing in its strategic platforms for growth, and the Company expects to make significant progress on the multi-year plan to drive a step-change in long-term growth.

Applied Technology is expected to capitalize on the momentum generated during fiscal 2021 and drive continued revenue growth as the division leverages its industry-leading product portfolio and customer relationships. Order activity strengthened in the fourth quarter of fiscal 2021 and helped build momentum going into fiscal 2022. In addition, the Company is seeing strength in the agriculture industry as increasing commodity prices have created optimism in the ag market for the first time in several years. Through Raven Autonomy™, the Company expects to deliver AutoCart® systems in advance of the fall harvest and commercialize the Dot® Power Platform in fiscal 2022. The Company will continue to aggressively invest in Raven Autonomy™ as the Company builds the foundation for long-term growth.

In Engineered Films, the Company has experienced improving conditions over the past few months. As conditions continue to improve, the Company expects to experience market share gains and drive meaningful year-over-year revenue growth. In fiscal 2022, the Company expects to pursue growth through acquisition as part of the strategy within Engineered Films to deliver high-value films and composites.

In Aerostar, the division significantly advanced the technology and capabilities of its stratospheric balloon systems over the past eight years as Alphabet's design partner for Loon. The relationship helped deliver connectivity to rural areas of the world and showcased the capabilities of its Thunderhead platform. Moving forward, the division is focused on bringing its stratospheric balloon platform to U.S. government agencies, providing a propriety solution for a variety of applications. In fiscal 2022, the division expects to build on the technology milestones it has achieved over recent months while executing on government contracts. Momentum around utilizing the stratosphere continues to grow, and as the leader in stratospheric technology, Aerostar is well-positioned to capitalize on the substantial opportunity.

MAJOR CUSTOMER INFORMATION

Sales to CNH Industrial, an OEM customer in the Applied Technology Division, accounted for 10% of the Company's consolidated net sales in fiscal year 2021. No customers accounted for 10% or more of consolidated net sales in fiscal years 2020 or 2019.

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SEASONAL WORKING CAPITAL REQUIREMENTS

Some seasonal demand exists in both the Applied Technology and Engineered Films divisions, primarily due to their respective exposure to the agricultural market. However, given the overall diversification of the Company, the seasonal fluctuations in net working capital (accounts receivable, net plus inventories less accounts payable) are not usually significant.
FINANCIAL INSTRUMENTS

The principal financial instruments the Company maintains include cash, cash equivalents, short-term investments, marketable equity securities (related to the Company's deferred compensation plan liability), accounts receivable, accounts payable, accrued liabilities, and acquisition-related contingent payments. The Company manages the interest rate, credit, and market risks associated with these accounts through periodic reviews of the carrying value of assets and liabilities and establishment of appropriate allowances in accordance with Company policies.

The Company does not enter into derivatives or other financial instruments for trading or speculative purposes. The Company uses derivative financial instruments to manage foreign currency balance sheet risk. The use of these financial instruments has had no material effect on consolidated results of operations, financial condition, or cash flows.

RAW MATERIALS

The Company sources raw materials from a wide variety of suppliers, including numerous domestic and international vendors. The Company's principal raw materials include electronic components for Applied Technology and Aerostar, various polymeric resins for Engineered Films, and fabrics and film for Aerostar. The Company has experienced some volatility in raw material prices over the past three years. These price increases, including increased material costs or tariffs, could not always be passed on to customers due to weak demand and/or a competitive pricing environment. However, the overall impact was not material to the Company's financial position.

PATENTS

The Company owns a number of patents and also owns licenses that allow the Company to gain access to certain patents of other companies. The Company does not believe that its business, as a whole, is materially dependent on any one patent or related group of patents. The Company focuses its significant research and development (R&D) efforts to develop technology-based offerings. As such, the protection of the Company’s intellectual property is an important strategic objective. Along with an aggressive posture toward patenting new technology and protecting trade secrets, the Company has restrictions on the disclosure of its technology to industry and business partners to ensure that its intellectual property is maintained and protected.

RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT

The three business segments conduct ongoing R&D efforts to improve their product offerings and develop new products. R&D investment is particularly strong within Applied Technology and Aerostar. New technology development and product enhancements within Applied Technology are a competitive differentiator and central to its long-term strategy. Engineered Films also utilizes R&D spending to develop new products, value engineer, and reformulate its current products. These R&D investments deliver high-value film solutions to the markets it serves, lower raw material consumption, and improve the quality of existing product lines. Aerostar's investment in the development of new technology has a particular emphasis on its core stratospheric balloon and radar platforms. The Company's total R&D costs are presented in the Consolidated Statements of Income and Comprehensive Income.

GOVERNMENT REGULATIONS AND ENVIRONMENTAL MATTERS

The Company is subject to a wide variety of local, state, and federal laws and regulations in the countries where it conducts business. Compliance with these laws and regulations requires training and dedication of time and effort by the Company's employees, as well as financial resources. In fiscal 2021, compliance with the regulations applicable to Raven did not have a material effect on the Company's capital expenditures, earnings, or competitive position. Additional information about the impact of government regulations on the Company's business is included in Item 1A. “Risk Factors” under the heading Legal, Regulatory and Compliance Risks.




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The Company believes that, in all material respects, it is in compliance with applicable federal, state and local environmental laws and regulations. Expenditures incurred in the past relating to compliance for operating facilities have not significantly affected the Company's capital expenditures, earnings, or competitive position. The Company is unaware of any potential liabilities as of January 31, 2021, for any environmental matters that would have a material effect on the Company's results of operations, financial position, or cash flows.

BACKLOG

The Company's backlog represents open customer orders and funded portions of signed government contracts. As of February 1, 2021, the Company's backlog totaled approximately $64 million. Backlog amounts as of February 1, 2020 and 2019, were approximately $60 million and $38 million, respectively. Because the length of time between order and shipment varies considerably by segment and customers can change delivery schedules or potentially cancel orders, the Company does not believe that backlog, as of any particular date, is necessarily indicative of actual net sales for any future period. However, the Company expects that any revenue generated from its backlog, as of February 1, 2021, will be recognized during fiscal year 2022.

HUMAN CAPITAL

Raven believes its employees are essential to the organization’s success in solving great challenges. The Company depends on its highly skilled engineering, sales and service, and manufacturing teams to develop and deliver solutions to its customers. Raven has approximately 1,290 permanent employees as of January 31, 2021. Employees are primarily located throughout the United States with 6% of the Company’s workforce located internationally throughout Canada, Brazil, the Netherlands and Australia.

Talent
Raven’s talent strategy is focused on attracting the best talent, then recognizing and rewarding their performance, while continually developing, engaging, and retaining them. In fiscal 2021, Raven became Great Place to Work-Certified™. Using validated employee feedback gathered with Great Place to Work’s rigorous, data-driven methodology, certification confirms at least 7 out of 10 employees have a consistently positive experience at Raven. Surveyed in August 2020 on topics including their coworkers, their leaders, and their jobs, 85 percent of employees said that Raven is a great place to work, versus 59 percent at a typical company. Raven has a goal to be the employer of choice within the markets and communities it serves, and the Company strives to grow and develop the different capabilities and skills that are needed for the future, while also maintaining a robust pipeline of talent throughout the organization.

Raven is committed to promoting and cultivating an inclusive and diverse culture that welcomes and celebrates everyone without bias. The Company believes culture is the result of its behaviors, its commitment to personal accountability, its continuous improvement mindset, how its teams collaborate, and its employee’s ability appreciate one another’s contributions.

Total Rewards
Raven believes that the Company must offer a comprehensive total rewards program for its employees to attract and retain a talented and experienced workforce. Raven regularly reviews its compensation and benefit plans to ensure they are competitive, align to Raven’s strategic priorities, and support company values. These programs not only include base wages and incentives in support of the Company's pay for performance culture, but also health, welfare, and retirement benefits. Raven focuses many programs on employee wellness and has implemented solutions including onsite wellness centers, onsite and virtual mental health support, telemedicine, and health and nutrition programs. Raven believes that these solutions have helped the Company successfully manage healthcare and prescription drug costs for its employee population. These solutions also promote a culture of Peak Performance — the Company’s commitment to prepare its employees as individuals as well as a corporation to be the best — and reinforce Raven’s belief that every individual is worthy and deserving of good mental well-being and health.

Development
Raven is growing and intends to do so every year. As the Company solves great challenges, Raven will continue to have a strong need for dynamic and successful leaders to carry out the expansion of the business. To meet this great need, Raven designed a system entitled "THRIVE" that allows teams, businesses, and leaders to thrive. THRIVE delivers a sustainable solution, wholly integrated into Raven’s culture and business model. Using several modes of development, THRIVE is designed to leverage the Company’s strong culture, clear set of values, and strategy of growth. THRIVE is intentionally built around three key areas — Raven, Business, and Leadership. THRIVE’s robust approach incorporates business skills and experiential learning, intentionally building competencies with specific Raven context. Incorporating business skills, university-level coursework, and relevant on-the-job experiences, THRIVE operates on a model of continual learning.

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INFORMATION ABOUT OUR EXECUTIVE OFFICERS
Name, Age, and PositionBiographical Data
Daniel A. Rykhus, 56Mr. Rykhus became the Company's President and Chief Executive Officer in 2010. He joined the Company in 1990 as Director of World Class Manufacturing, was General Manager of the Applied Technology Division from 1998 through 2009, and served as Executive Vice President from 2004 through 2010.
President and Chief Executive Officer
Business segment financial information is found on the following pages of this Form 10-K:
Steven E. Brazones, 47ResultsMr. Brazones was named Division Vice President and General Manager of Operations – Segment Analysisthe Applied Technology Division in January 2021. Mr. Brazones joined the Company in December 2014 and served as its Vice President, Chief Financial Officer, and Treasurer. From 2002 to 2014, Mr. Brazones held a variety of positions with H.B. Fuller Company. Most recently, he served as H.B. Fuller's Americas Region Finance Director. Previously, he served as the Assistant Treasurer and the Director of Investor Relations. Prior to his tenure with H.B. Fuller, Mr. Brazones held various roles at Northwestern Growth.
Division Vice President and General Manager - Applied Technology Division and Vice President and Chief Financial Officer
Taimur Sharih, 47Mr. Sharih was named Vice President and Chief Financial Officer effective March 1, 2021. Prior to joining the Company Mr. Sharih served as Senior Vice President and CFO of A&R Logistics, a chemical supply chain services company, from October 2019 to January 2021. Prior to that, Mr. Sharih spent two years as CFO for Acetyl Intermediates, a division of Celanese Corporation and 14 years at Praxair in various financial roles, including most recently, Vice President of Finance, U.S. Industrial Gases.
Vice President and Chief Financial Officer
Scott W. Wickersham, 47Mr. Wickersham was named Division Vice President and General Manager of the Aerostar Division in January 2018. Effective February 1, 2021, Mr. Wickersham was named Division Vice President and General Manager of the Engineered Films Division. He joined the Company in 2010 as the Director of Product Development and Engineering Manager and has been the General Manager for the Aerostar Division since November 2015. Prior to joining the Company, Mr. Wickersham held a range of engineering and operational roles with various technology companies.
Division Vice President and General Manager - Aerostar Division
Lee A. Magnuson, 65Mr. Magnuson joined the Company in June 2017, as Vice President and General Counsel and also became the Company's Secretary in August 2017. Prior to joining the Company, Mr. Magnuson was managing partner of Lindquist and Vennum Law Firm in the Sioux Falls, SD, office for five years, practicing in the areas of commercial transactions, mergers and acquisitions, corporate matters, real estate and regulatory matters.
Vice President, General Counsel, and Corporate Secretary
Nicole Freesemann, 38Ms. Freesemann was named Vice President of Human Resources in January 2019. She started at Raven in 2008 and served in several human resources roles, including most recently as Director of Human Resources since January 2014. During her tenure at Raven, Ms. Freesemann developed and executed a new performance management strategy, implemented staffing strategies and programs to identify talent for all levels within the company, and led human resource efforts for acquisition due diligence and integrations.
Vice President of Human Resources

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Note 16 Business Segments and Major Customer Information

Applied Technology
Applied Technology designs, manufactures, sells, and services innovative precision agriculture products and information management tools that help growers reduce costs, more precisely control inputs, and improve farm yields.  The Applied Technology product families include field computers, application controls, GPS-guidance steering systems, automatic boom controls, injection systems, and planter and seeder controls. Applied Technology's services include high-speed in-field Internet connectivity and cloud-based data management. The Company's investment in the continued build-out of the Slingshot™ platform has also

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positioned Applied Technology as an information platform that improves decision-making and achieves business efficiencies for its agriculture retail partners.

Applied Technology sells its precision agriculture control products to both original equipment manufacturers (OEMs) and through aftermarket distribution partners in the United States and in most major agricultural areas around the world. The Company's competitive advantage in this segment is designing and selling easy to use, reliable, and innovative value-added products that are supported by an industry-leading service and support team.

Engineered Films
Engineered Films produces high-performance plastic films and sheeting for geomembrane, agricultural, construction, and industrial applications. Engineered Films acquired the assets of Colorado Lining International, Inc. (CLI) in September 2017. This acquisition enhanced the division's geomembrane market position through extended service and product offerings with the addition of new design-build and installation service components. The acquisition of CLI advanced Engineered Films’ business model into a vertically-integrated, full-service solutions provider for the geomembrane market.

Engineered Films sells both direct to end-customers and through independent third-party distributors. The majority of product sold into the construction and agriculture markets is through distributors, while sales into the geomembrane and industrial markets are more direct in nature. The Company extrudes a significant portion of the film converted for its commercial products and believes it is one of the largest sheeting converters in the United States in the markets it serves. Engineered Films' ability to extrude and convert films, along with offering installation services for its geomembrane products, allows it to provide a more customized solution to customers. A number of film manufacturers compete with the Company on both price and product availability. Engineered Films is the Company's most capital-intensive business segment, and historically has made sizable investments in new extrusion capacity and conversion equipment. This segment's capital expenditures were $8.1 million in fiscal 2018, $2.8 million in fiscal 2017, and $10.8 million in fiscal 2016.

Aerostar
Aerostar serves the aerospace/defense, radar and lighter-than-air markets. Aerostar's primary products include high-altitude (stratospheric or lighter-than-air) balloons, tethered aerostats, and radar systems. These products can be integrated with additional third-party sensors to provide research, communications, and situational awareness capabilities to governmental and commercial customers. Aerostar’s growth strategy emphasizes the design and manufacture of proprietary products in these markets. Aerostar also pursues product and support services contracts with agencies and instrumentalities of the U.S. government as well as sales of advanced radar systems and aerostats in international markets. In previous years, Aerostar also provided contract manufacturing services. The Company largely exited this business and the planned reduction of contract manufacturing activities was completed in fiscal 2016.
Aerostar sells to government agencies as both a prime contractor and subcontractor, and to commercial users primarily as a sub-contractor. Further, sales to government agencies often involve large contracts subject to frequent delays because of budget uncertainties, and protracted negotiation processes. The timing and size of contract wins can create volatility in Aerostar’s results.

OUTLOOK

The Company is very pleased with the performance achieved by all three operating divisions throughout fiscal 2018. All three divisions achieved double-digit sales growth and the Company believes it is well positioned for the year ahead.

In fiscal 2018 Applied Technology achieved strong results in the face of challenging agricultural market conditions. The Company expects to continue to drive growth and will continue to strategically fund several long-term investments. Subsequent to the end of the fourth quarter, the division launched a strategic initiative to grow its local presence in Brazil and drive organic growth in Latin America, in order to better capitalize on one of the largest agricultural markets in the world.

Engineered Films demonstrated impressive operational discipline and sustained high plant utilization throughout fiscal 2018. The division grew sales by approximately $75 million year-over-year, and prior investments in acquisitions and manufacturing capacity drove strong growth in every market served. The division continues to see opportunities for growth and is investing in additional capacity in fiscal 2019. As for hurricane recovery efforts, the delivery of hurricane recovery film will result in sales of approximately $9 million in the first quarter and then return to significantly reduced levels consistent with prior years. 

During the year, Aerostar improved its financial performance and achieved more consistency and stability in its results. The division continues to sharpen its focus on the stratospheric balloon platform, and has divested of a few non-strategic portions of its business during and subsequent to the end of fiscal 2018. Strong performance on existing programs is driving confidence for continued growth with Aerostar’s stratospheric balloon platform.

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Overall, the Company is well positioned as it enters fiscal 2019 because of the actions taken and investments made to preserve and strengthen our core business. Furthermore, the Company is evaluating strategic acquisitions and will continue to invest in additional manufacturing capacity and technology development to enhance its core product lines. The Company's goal remains to generate 10 percent annualized earnings growth over the long-term, excluding unusual and generally non-recurring items.

MAJOR CUSTOMER INFORMATION

No customers accounted for 10% or more of consolidated sales in fiscal years 2018, 2017, or 2016.

SEASONAL WORKING CAPITAL REQUIREMENTS

Some seasonal demand exists in both the Applied Technology and Engineered Films divisions, primarily due to their respective exposure to the agricultural market. However, given the overall diversification of the Company, the seasonal fluctuations in net working capital (accounts receivable, net plus inventories less accounts payable) are not usually significant.
FINANCIAL INSTRUMENTS

The principal financial instruments that the Company maintains are cash, cash equivalents, short-term investments, accounts receivable, accounts payable, accrued liabilities, and acquisition-related contingent payments. The Company manages the interest rate, credit, and market risks associated with these accounts through periodic reviews of the carrying value of assets and liabilities and establishment of appropriate allowances in accordance with Company policies. The Company does not use off-balance sheet financing, except to enter into operating leases.

The Company does not enter into derivatives or other financial instruments for trading or speculative purposes. The Company uses derivative financial instruments to manage foreign currency balance sheet risk. The use of these financial instruments has had no material effect on consolidated results of operations, financial condition, or cash flows.

RAW MATERIALS

The Company obtains a wide variety of materials from numerous vendors. Principal materials include electronic components for Applied Technology and Aerostar, various polymeric resins for Engineered Films, and fabrics and film for Aerostar. Engineered Films has experienced volatile resin prices over the past three years. Price increases could not always be passed on to customers due to weak demand and/or a competitive pricing environment. Predicting future material volatility and the related potential impact on the Company is not easily estimated and the Company is unable to do so to the degree required to build reliance on such forecasts.

PATENTS

The Company owns a number of patents. The Company does not believe that its business, as a whole, is materially dependent on any one patent or related group of patents. The Company focuses significant research and development effort to develop technology-based offerings. As such, the protection of the Company’s intellectual property is an important strategic objective. Along with an aggressive posture toward patenting new technology and protecting trade secrets, the Company has restrictions on the disclosure of our technology to industry and business partners to ensure that our intellectual property is maintained and protected.

RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT

The three business segments conduct ongoing research and development (R&D) efforts to improve their product offerings and develop new products. Most of the Company's R&D expenditures are directed toward new product development. R&D investment is particularly strong within the Applied Technology Division. Development of new technology and product enhancements within Applied Technology is a competitive differentiator and central to its long-term strategy. Engineered Films also utilizes R&D spending to develop new products and to value engineer and reformulate its products. These R&D investments deliver high-value film solutions to the markets it serves and also result in lower raw material costs and improved quality for existing product lines. Aerostar's investment in the development of new technology has a particular emphasis on its core stratospheric balloon platform. The Company's total R&D costs are presented in the Consolidated Statements of Income and Comprehensive Income.


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ENVIRONMENTAL MATTERS

The Company believes that, in all material respects, it is in compliance with applicable federal, state and local environmental laws and regulations. Expenditures incurred in the past relating to compliance for operating facilities have not significantly affected the Company's capital expenditures, earnings, or competitive position. The Company is unaware of any potential liabilities as of January 31, 2018 for any environmental matters that would have a material effect on the Company's results of operations, financial position, or cash flows.

BACKLOG

As of February 1, 2018, the Company's order backlog totaled approximately $40.3 million. Backlog amounts as of February 1, 2017 and 2016 were $25.7 million and $18.6 million, respectively. Because the length of time between order and shipment varies considerably by business segment and customers can change delivery schedules or potentially cancel orders, the Company does not believe that backlog, as of any particular date, is necessarily indicative of actual net sales for any future period.

EMPLOYEES

As of January 31, 2018, the Company had 1,157 employees (including temporary workers). Following is a summary of active employees by segment: Applied Technology - 394; Engineered Films - 471; Aerostar - 195; and Corporate Services - 97. Management believes its relationship with its employees is good.


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EXECUTIVE OFFICERS
Name, Age, and PositionBiographical Data
Daniel A. Rykhus, 53Mr. Rykhus became the Company's President and Chief Executive Officer in 2010. He joined the Company in 1990 as Director of World Class Manufacturing, was General Manager of the Applied Technology Division from1998 through 2009, and served as Executive Vice President from 2004 through 2010.
President and Chief Executive Officer
Steven E. Brazones, 44Mr. Brazones joined the Company in December 2014 as its Vice President, Chief Financial Officer, and Treasurer. From 2002 to 2014, Mr. Brazones held a variety of positions with H.B. Fuller Company. Most recently, he served as H.B. Fuller's Americas Region Finance Director. Previously, he served as the Assistant Treasurer and the Director of Investor Relations. Prior to his tenure with H.B. Fuller, Mr. Brazones held various roles at Northwestern Growth.
Vice President and Chief Financial Officer
Lee A. Magnuson, 62Mr. Magnuson joined the Company in June 2017, as Vice President and General Counsel and also became the Company's Secretary in August 2017. Prior to joining the Company, Mr. Magnuson was managing partner of Lindquist and Vennum Law Firm's Sioux Falls, SD office for 5 years, practicing in the areas of commercial transactions, mergers and acquisitions, corporate matters, real estate and regulatory matters.
General Counsel and Vice President
Janet L. Matthiesen, 60
Ms. Matthiesen joined the Company in 2010 as Director of Administration and has been the Company's Vice President of Human Resources since 2012. Prior to joining Raven, Ms. Matthiesen was a Human Resource Manager at Science Applications International Corporation from 2002 to 2010.


Vice President of Human Resources
Brian E. Meyer, 55
Mr. Meyer was named Division Vice President and General Manager of the Applied Technology Division in May 2015. He joined the Company in 2010 as Chief Information Officer. Prior to joining the Company, Mr. Meyer was an information and technology executive in the health insurance industry and vice president of systems development in the property and casualty insurance industry.

Division Vice President and General Manager - Applied Technology Division
Anthony D. Schmidt, 46Mr. Schmidt was named Division Vice President and General Manager of the Engineered Films Division in 2012. He joined the Company in 1995 in the Applied Technology Division performing various leadership roles within manufacturing and engineering. He transitioned to Engineered Films Division in 2011 as Manufacturing Manager.
Division Vice President and General Manager - Engineered Films Division
Scott W. Wickersham, 44Mr. Wickersham was named Division Vice President and General Manager of the Aerostar Division in January 2018. He joined the Company in 2010 as the Director of Product Development and Engineering Manager and has been the General Manager for the Aerostar Division since November 2015. Prior to joining the Company, Mr. Wickersham held a range of engineering and operational roles with various technology companies.
Division Vice President and General Manager - Aerostar Division

ITEM 1A.RISK FACTORS

RISKS RELATING TO THE COMPANY

The Company's business is subject to many risks, which by their nature are unpredictable or unquantifiable and may be unknown. In an attempt to provide youthe reader with information on potential risks the Company may encounter, we havethe Company has provided below, what we believeit believes are the most significantmaterial risks the Company could potentially face, based on ourits knowledge, experience, information and assumptions. The risks provided below should be assessed contemporaneously with other information contained in this Form 10-K, including Item 7 “Management’s"Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations," the risks and uncertainties addressed under "Forward-Looking Statements" on page 35,Statements," the Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements, on page 45, and other information presented in or incorporated by reference into this Annual Report on Form 10-K. The risks contained herein, as well as other statements in this Form 10-K, aremay include forward-looking statements and, as such, are uncertain. Such statements are

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not guarantees of future performance and undue reliance should not be placed on them. The indeterminate nature of risk factors makes them subject to change, and certain risks and uncertainties could potentially cause material changes to actual results. Some of these risks may affect the entire Company, where others may only affect particular segments of ourthe Company's business, or may have no material affecteffect at all.

The Company, except as required by law, disclaims any obligation to update or revise the risk factorsinformation contained herein, regardless of changes, whether as a result of new information, developments or otherwise. The risks provided in this formForm 10-K and in other documents filed with the SEC are not exclusive in nature and, as such, there are other potential risks and uncertainties that the Company is not aware of, or does not presently consider material in nature that could feasibly cause actual results to vary materially from expectations.

Weather conditionsOperational Risks
The novel coronavirus (COVID-19) has adversely impacted, and could continue to impact the Company, including possible material adverse effects on our business, financial position, and cash flow. Further spread of COVID-19, as well as outbreaks or natural disasters could affect certainepidemics of other infectious diseases, may have a similar or worse impact on the Company.
Global pandemics, including the current COVID-19 pandemic and variants of COVID-19, represent significant risks to the Company, our employees, suppliers, and customers and may adversely impact the Company's operations and financial results. The COVID-19 pandemic has caused disruption in capital markets and led to a global economic slowdown. The continuing duration, severity, and scope of the Company's markets, suchCOVID-19 outbreak and the actions taken to contain or treat the outbreak (including the effectiveness and availability of vaccines) remainuncertain at this time.

The potential effects on the Company of outbreaks of infectious disease, including COVID-19, include, but are not limited to the following:

Economic uncertainty and the potential short-term closures of customer facilities could result in reduced business and consumer spending, as agriculture and construction,well as customers in weakened financial condition. As a result, the Company may see a slowdown in customer orders, order cancellations, or the inability to collect on delivered orders, adversely affecting our financial condition.
Instability and volatility in the credit and financial markets could increase the cost of capital and/or limit its availability and adversely affect the Company's primary manufacturing facilities.ability to borrow and its financial condition.
Potential disruptions to our supply chain, or further government actions, including shelter-in-place orders, could impact the Company's ability to source materials, produce product, and fulfill customer orders, adversely impacting its financial condition.
The Company's Applied Technology Division is largely dependent onCompany could continue to be adversely impacted by travel restrictions and limitations, resulting in the inability to start or complete projects. It could also continue to restrict the Company’s ability to market new products to customers, delaying the sales launch of these products, and potentially limiting sales. Continuing or further travel restrictions and limitations could adversely impact the Company’s financial condition.
The Company has taken proactive steps to prevent the spread of COVID-19 amongst employees and has been effective at limiting the spread of COVID-19 amongst employees. However, further spread of the COVID-19 virus or its variants to employees, contracted either at work or from the public, could result in the Company slowing or stopping production, impacting the ability of farmers, agricultural service providers,to fulfill orders, and custom applicators to purchase agricultural equipment, including its products. If such farmers, agricultural service providers, or custom applicators experience weather conditions or natural disasters resulting in unfavorable crop prices or farm incomes, sales inadversely affecting the Applied Technology Division may be adversely affected.Company’s financial condition.

Weather conditions and natural disasters can also adversely affect sales in the Company's Engineered Films Division. To the extent weather conditions or natural disasters curtail construction or agricultural activity, sales of the division's plastic sheeting would likely decrease.

Seasonal and weather-related variation could also affect quarterly results. If expected sales are deferred in a fiscal quarter while inventory has been built and operating expenses incurred, financial results could be negatively impacted.

The Company’s primary manufacturing facilities for each of its operating divisions are located on contiguous properties in Sioux Falls, South Dakota. If weather-related natural disasters such as tornadoes or flooding were to occur in the area, such conditions could impede the manufacturing and shipping of products and potentially adversely affect the Company’s sales, transactions processing, and financial reporting. The Company has disaster recovery plans in place to manage the Company’s risks to these vulnerabilities but these measuresCOVID-19 pandemic may not be adequate, implemented properly, or executed timely to ensure that the Company’s operations are not disrupted. Such consequences could adversely affect our results of operations,business, financial condition, liquidity, and cash flows.flows, it may also heighten many of the other risks described in the “Risk Factors” section.

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The loss, disruption, or material change in ourthe Company's business relationship with single source suppliers for particular materials, components, or services, could cause a disruption in supply, or substantial increase in cost of any such products or services, and therefore could result in harm to ourthe Company's sales, profitability, cash flows and financial condition.
The Company obtains certain materials, components, or services from suppliers that serve as the only source of supply, or that supply the majority of the Company’s requirements of the particular material, component, or service. While these materials, components, services, or suitable replacements, could potentially be sourced from other suppliers, in the event of a disruption or loss of supply of relevant materials, components, or services for any reason, the Company may not be able to immediately find alternative sources of supply, or if found, may not be found on similar terms. If the Company’s relationship with any of these single source suppliers became challenged, or is terminated, wethe Company could have difficulty replacing these sources without causing disruption to the business.

Price fluctuations in, and shortages of, raw materials could have a significant impact on the Company's ability to sustain and grow earnings.
The Company's Engineered Films Division utilizes significant amounts of polymeric resin, the cost of which depends upon market prices for natural gas and oil and other market forces. These prices are subject to worldwide supply and demand as well as other factors beyond ourthe Company's control. Although the Engineered Films Division is sometimes able to pass on price increases to its customers, significant variations in the cost of polymeric resins can affect the Company's operating results from period to period. Success in offsetting higher raw material costs with price increases is largely influenced by competitive and economic conditions and could vary significantly depending on the market served. Unusual supply disruptions, such as one caused by a natural disaster, could cause suppliers to invoke "force majeure" clauses in their supply agreements, causing shortages in supply of material. If the Company is not able to fully offset the effects of adverse availability of materials availability or higher costs, financial results could be adversely affected, which in turn could adversely affect ourthe Company's results of operations, financial condition, liquidity, and cash flows.

Electronic components used by both the Applied Technology Division and Aerostar Division are sometimes in short supply, which may impact ourthe ability to meet customer demand.demand or provide products at a price the customer prefers. If a supplier of raw materials or electronic components were to significantly increase pricing or was unable to deliver due to shortage or financial difficulty, any of the Company's segments could be adversely affected.

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Fluctuations in commodity prices can increase our costs and decrease our sales.
Agricultural income levels are affected by agricultural commodity prices and input costs. As a result, changes in commodity prices or input costs that reduce agricultural income levels could have a negative effect on the ability of growers and their service providers to purchase the Company's precision agriculture products manufactured by its Applied Technology Division.

Exploration for oil and natural gas fluctuates with their price and energy market conditions are subject to volatility. Certain plastic sheeting manufactured and sold by our Engineered Films Division is sold as pit and pond liners to contain water used in the drilling processes for these energy commodities. Lower prices for oil and natural gas could reduce exploration activities and demand for our products.

Film manufacturing uses polymeric resins, which can be subject to changes in price as the cost of oil or natural gas changes. Accordingly, volatility in oil and natural gas prices may negatively affect our raw material costs and cost of goods sold and potentially cause us to increase prices, which could adversely affect our sales and/or profitability.

Failure to develop and market new technologies and products could impact the Company's competitive position and have an adverse effect on the Company's financial results.
The Company's operating results in Applied Technology, Engineered Films, and Aerostar depend upon the ability to renew the pipeline of new technologies and products, including autonomous technologies, and to bring these to market. This ability could be adversely affected by difficulties or delays in product development, such as the inability to identify viable new products, successfully complete research and developmentR&D projects, obtain relevant regulatory approvals, obtain intellectual property protection, or gain market acceptance of new products and services. Because of the lengthy development process, technological challenges, and competition, there can be no assurance that any of the products the Company is currently developing, or could begin to develop in the future, will achieve commercial success. Technical advancements in products may also increase the risk of product failure, increasing product returns or warranty claims and settlements. In addition, sales of the Company's new products could replace sales of some of its current products, offsetting the benefit of a successful new product introduction.

Failure to develop and maintain partnerships, alliances, and other distribution or supplier relationships could adversely impact the Company's financial results.
In certain areas of the Company’s business, continued success depends on developing and maintaining relationships with other industry participants, such as original equipment manufacturers, ag retailers, dealers and distributors. If the Company fails to develop and maintain such relationships, or if there is disruption of current business relationships due to actions of the Company, its partners or competitors, ourthe ability to effectively market and sell certain products could be harmed. The Company’s relationships with other industry participants are complex and multifaceted, and evolve over time. Often, these relationships contribute to substantial ongoing business and operations in particular markets; therefore, changes in these relationships could have an adverse impact on our sales and revenue.

Additionally, the Company uses dealer/distributor networks, some of which are affiliated with strategic and industry partners. Enlisting and retaining qualified dealers and dealers/distributors and training them in the use and selling of product offerings necessitatesrequires substantial time and resources. If wethe Company were to lose a significant dealer or distributor relationship, and were forced to identify new channels, the time and expense of training new dealers or distributors may make new-product introduction difficult and alsodifficult. This may hinder end-user sales and adoption, which could result in decreased revenues. Additionally, the interruption of dealer coverage within specific regions or markets could cause difficulties in marketing, selling or servicing ourthe Company's products and could harm the Company’s business, operating results or financial condition.

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The Company's sales of products that are specialized and highly technical in nature are subject to uncertainties, start-up costs and inefficiencies, as well as market, competitive, and compliance risks.
The Company’s growth strategy relies on the design and manufacture of proprietary products. Highly technical, specialized product inventories may be more susceptible to fluctuations in market demand. If demand is unexpectedly low, write-downs or impairments of such inventory may become necessary. Either of these outcomes could adversely affect ourthe Company's results of operations. Start-up costs and inefficiencies can adversely affect operating results and such costs may not be recoverable in a proprietary product environment because the Company may not receive reimbursement from its customers for such costs.

Competition in agriculture markets, including the market for autonomous ag technologies, could come from ourthe Company's current customers if original equipment manufacturerscustomers. If OEMs develop and integrate precision agriculture technology products themselves rather than purchasing from third parties, thereby reducingthis would reduce demand for Applied Technology’s products.

Regulatory restrictions could be placed on hydraulic fracturing activities becauseas a result of environmental and health concerns, reducing demand for Engineered Film’s products. For Engineered Films, the development of alternative technologies, such as closed loop drilling processes that reduce the need for pit liners in energy exploration, could also reduce demand for the Company’s products.

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Aerostar’s future growth relies onincludes sales of high-altitude balloons, as well as advancedstratospheric platforms, technical services, and radar systems and aerostats to international markets. In limited cases, such sales may be direct commercial sales to foreign governments rather than foreign military sales through the U.S. government. Direct commercial sales to foreign governments often involve large contracts subject to frequent delays because of budget uncertainties, regional military conflicts, political instability, and protracted negotiation processes. Such delays could adversely affect ourthe Company's results of operations. The nature of these markets for certain ofimpact Aerostar's advanced radar systems and aerostats makesas these products are particularly susceptible to fluctuations in market demand. Demand fluctuations and the likelihood of delays in sales involving large contracts for such products also increase the risk of these products becoming obsolete, increasing the risk associated with expected sales of such products. The value of certain advanced radar systems and aerostat inventory at January 31, 2018 was $1.6 million and $3.4 million, respectively. This valuation is based on an estimate that the market demand for these products will be sufficient in future periods such that these inventories will be sold at a price greater than carrying value and related selling costs. Write-downs or impairment of the value of such products carried in inventory could adversely affect our results of operations. To the extent products become obsolete or anticipated sales are not realized, our expected future cash flows could be adversely impacted. This could also lead to an impairment, which could adversely impact the Company's results of operations and financial condition.
Sales of certain of Aerostar’s products into international markets increase the compliance risk associated with regulations such as International Traffic in Arms Regulations and Foreign Corrupt Practices Act, as well as others, exposing the Company to fines and its employees to fines, imprisonment, or civil penalties. Potential consequences of a material violation of such regulations include damage to our reputation, litigation, and increased costs.

The Company's Aerostar segment depends on the U.S. government for a significant portion of its sales, creating uncertainty in the timing of and funding for projected contracts.
A significant portion of Aerostar's sales are to the U.S. government or U.S. government agencies as a prime or sub-contractor. Government spending has historically been cyclical. A decrease in U.S. government defense or near-space research spending or changes in spending allocations could result in one or more of the Company's programs being reduced, delayed, or terminated. Reductions in the Company's existing programs, unless offset by other programs and opportunities, could adversely affect its ability to sustain and grow its future sales and earnings. The Company's U.S. government sales are funded by the federal budget, which operates on an October-to-September fiscal year. Changes in congressional schedules, negotiations for program funding levels, reduced program funding due to U.S government debt limitations, automatic budget cuts, ("sequestration"),extended government shutdowns or unforeseen world events can interrupt the funding for a program or contract. Funds for multi-year contracts can be changed in subsequent years in the appropriations process.

In addition, many U.S. government contracts are subject to a competitive bidding and funding process even after the award of the basic contract, adding an additional element of uncertainty to future funding levels. Delays in the funding process or changes in funding are common and can impact the timing of available funds or can lead to changes in program content or termination at the government's convenience. The loss of anticipated funding or the termination of multiple or large programs could have an adverse effect on the Company's future sales and earnings.

The Company derives a portion of its revenues from foreign markets, which subjects the Company to business risks, including risk of changes in government policies, and laws, regulation compliance, or changes in worldwide economic conditions.
The Company's consolidated net sales to locations outside of the U.S. were $41.6$45.7 million in fiscal 2018,2021, representing approximately 11%13% of consolidated net sales. The Company's financial results could be affected by changes in trade, monetary and fiscal policies, laws and regulations, or other activities of U.S. and non-U.S. governments, agencies and similar organizations, along with changes in worldwide economic conditions. These conditions include, but are not limited to, changes in a country's or region's economic or political condition; trade regulations affecting production, pricing, and marketing of products; local labor conditions and regulations; reduced protection of intellectual property rights in some countries; changes in the regulatory or legal environment; restrictions on currency exchange activities; the impact of fluctuations in foreign currency exchange rates, which may affect product demand and may adversely affect the profitability of ourthe Company's products in U.S. dollars in foreign markets where payments are made in the local currency; burdensome taxes and tariffs;tariffs that may not be necessarily passed on to the customers; and other trade barriers. International risks and uncertainties also include changing social and economic
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conditions, terrorism, political hostilities and war, difficulty in enforcing agreements or collecting receivables, and increased transportation or other shipping costs. Any of these such risks could lead to reduced sales and reduced profitability associated with such sales.

Adverse economic conditions in the major industries the Company serves may materially affect segment performance and consolidated results of operations.
The Company'sCompany’s global operations must comply with all applicable anti-corruption laws, including the U.S. Foreign Corrupt Practices Act. The anti-corruption laws generally prohibit companies and their intermediaries from making improper payments or providing anything of value to improperly influence government officials or private individuals for the purpose of obtaining or retaining a business advantage, regardless of whether those practices are legal or culturally expected in a particular jurisdiction.

The Company’s continued expansion, whether by business locations or increased international sales, in areas that may not have comparable levels of compliance integrity as the United States increases the compliance risk associated with regulations such as the Foreign Corrupt Practices Act, as well as others.

Sales of certain Aerostar products into international markets increase the compliance risk associated with regulations such as International Traffic in Arms Regulations (ITAR) and Foreign Corrupt Practices Act (FCPA), as well as others.

Although Raven has a compliance program in place designed to reduce the likelihood of potential violations of such laws, violations of these laws could result in criminal or civil sanctions and have an adverse effect on Raven’s reputation, business, and results of operations are impacted by the market fundamentals of the primary industries served. Significant declines of economic activity in the agricultural, oil and gas exploration, construction, industrial, aerospace/defense, and other major markets served may adversely affect segment performance and consolidated results of operations.financial condition.


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The Company may pursue or complete acquisitions, which represent additional risk and could impact future financial results.
The Company's business strategy includes pursuing future acquisitions. Acquisitions involve a number of risks, including integration of the acquired company with the Company's operations and unanticipated liabilities or contingencies related to the acquired company. Further, business strategies supported by the acquisition may be in perceived, or actual, opposition to strategies of certain of ourthe Company's customers and ourthe Company's business could be materially adversely affected if those relationships are terminated and the expected strategic benefits are delayed or are not achieved. The Company cannot ensure that the expected benefits of any acquisition will be realized. Costs could be incurred on pursuits or proposed acquisitions that have not yet or may not close, which could significantly impact the operating results, financial condition, or cash flows.

Additionally, after the acquisition, unforeseen issues could arise, which adversely affect the anticipated returns or which are otherwise not recoverable as an adjustment to the purchase price. Other acquisition risks include delays in realizing benefits from the acquired companies or products; difficulties due to lack of or limited prior experience in any new product or geographic markets we enter;entered; unforeseen adjustments, charges or write-offs; unforeseen losses of customers of, or suppliers to, acquired businesses; difficulties in retaining key employees of the acquired businesses; or challenges arising from increased geographic diversity and complexity of our operations and our information technology systems.

Total goodwill and intangible assets accounted for $57.3$152.3 million, or approximately 18%37%, of the Company's total assets as of January 31, 2018.2021. The Company evaluates goodwill and intangible assets for impairment annually, or when evidence of potential impairment exists. The annual impairment test is based on several factors requiring judgment. Principally, a significant decrease in expected cash flows or changes in market conditions may indicate potential impairment of recorded goodwill or intangible assets. OurThese expected future cash flows are dependent on several factors, including revenue growth in certain of our product lines. Our expected future cash flowslines, and could be adversely impacted if our anticipated revenue growth is not realized or if pricing in commodities markets does not recover in future periods.realized. Reductions in cash flows could result in an impairment of goodwill and/or intangible assets, which could adversely impact the Company's results of operations and financial condition.

The Company’s business strategy for the Engineered Films Division includes expanding into the adjacent composites market; this expansion may be facilitated through an acquisition. Entering an expanded adjacent market may pose risks to the Company. This expansion may also divert management time or focus from standard Engineered Films Division operations, which may cause disruption or diverted resources and have an adverse effect on existing Engineered Films operations. There is always risk that expansion may not have the anticipated results or may involve unforeseen operating difficulties or expenditures.

The Company’s business strategy for the Applied Technology Division includes semi-autonomous and autonomous farm equipment. The Company has and plans to continue extensive investment into this strategic platform; however, there is a risk that the products may not perform as expected or may experience unexpected development issues.Additionally, expanding into autonomous farm equipment poses potential safety or regulatory issues, which may result in product liability or other claims against the Company. There is a higher level of risk with this technology as the Company is at the forefront of the market. It is
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possible that the Company's autonomous technology offering is too early to the market and the market is not ready for this technology. The Company's significant investment in R&D related to autonomy does not guarantee marketability of its products. Competition in the autonomy landscape and competitive intellectual property could slow down the Company's development and sale of autonomous products.

The Company may fail to continue to attract, develop, and retain key management and other key employees, which could negatively impact our operating results.
We dependThe Company depends on the performance of our boardits Board of directors,Directors, senior management team and other key employees, including experienced and skilled technical personnel. The loss of certain members of our boardits Board of directors,Directors, senior management, including ourthe Chief Executive Officer, or other key employees, could negatively impact our operating results and the ability to execute ourthe Company's business strategy. Our futureFuture success of the Company will also depend, in part, upon ourthe ability to attract, train, motivate, and retain qualified board members, senior management and other key personnel.

Macroeconomic and Financial Risks
Weather conditions or natural disasters could affect certain Company markets, such as agriculture, construction, geomembrane installation, or the Company's primary manufacturing facilities.
The Company's Applied Technology Division is largely dependent on the ability of growers, agricultural service providers, and custom applicators to purchase agricultural equipment, including its products. If such growers, agricultural service providers, or custom applicators experience weather conditions or natural disasters resulting in unfavorable field conditions, crop prices, or farm incomes, sales in the Applied Technology Division may be adversely affected.

Weather conditions and natural disasters may also adversely affect sales in the Company's Engineered Films Division. To the extent weather conditions or natural disasters impact agriculture, construction, or geomembrane installation activity, sales of the division's plastic sheeting would likely decrease.

Seasonal and weather-related variation could also affect quarterly results. If expected sales are deferred in a fiscal quarter and inventory has been built while operating expenses incurred, financial results could be negatively impacted.

The Company’s primary manufacturing facilities for each of its operating divisions are located on contiguous properties in Sioux Falls, South Dakota. If weather-related natural disasters such as tornadoes or flooding were to occur in the area, such conditions could impede the manufacturing and shipping of products and potentially adversely affect the Company’s sales and transaction processing. The Company has disaster recovery plans in place to manage the Company’s risks to these vulnerabilities, but these measures may not be adequate, implemented properly, or executed timely to ensure that the Company’s operations are not disrupted. Such consequences could adversely affect the Company's results of operations, financial condition, liquidity, and cash flows.

Fluctuations in commodity prices can increase the Company's costs and decrease sales.
Agricultural income levels are affected by agricultural commodity prices (primarily corn, beans, and grains) and input costs. As a result, changes in commodity prices or input costs that reduce agricultural income levels could have a negative effect on the ability of farmers and their service providers to purchase the Company's precision agriculture products manufactured by its Applied Technology Division.

Exploration for oil and natural gas fluctuates with their price and energy market conditions are subject to volatility. Certain plastic sheeting manufactured and sold by the Engineered Films Division is sold as pit and pond liners to contain water used in the drilling processes for these energy commodities. Lower prices for oil and natural gas could reduce exploration activities and demand for its products.

Film manufacturing uses polymeric resins, which can be subject to changes in price as the cost of oil or natural gas changes. Accordingly, volatility in oil and natural gas prices may negatively affect raw material costs and cost of goods sold and potentially cause the division to increase prices, which could adversely affect sales and/or profitability.

Adverse economic conditions in the major industries the Company serves may materially affect segment performance and consolidated results of operations.
The Company's results of operations are impacted by the market fundamentals of the primary industries served. Significant declines of economic activity in the agricultural, oil and gas exploration, construction, industrial, aerospace/defense, and other major markets served may adversely affect segment performance and consolidated results of operations.

13


Legal, Regulatory, and Compliance Risks
The Company may fail to protect its intellectual property effectively, or may infringe upon the intellectual property of others.
The Company has developed significant proprietary technology and other rights that are used in its businesses. The Company relies on trade secret, copyright, trademark, and patent laws and contractual provisions to protect the Company's intellectual property. While the Company takes enforcement of these rights seriously, other companies, such as competitors or persons in related markets, may attempt to copy or use the Company's intellectual property for their own benefit.

In addition, intellectual property of others has an impact on the Company's ability to offer some of its products and services for specific uses or at competitive prices. Competitors' patents or other intellectual property may limit the Company's ability to offer products and services to its customers. Any infringement or claimed infringement by the Company on the intellectual property rights of others could result in litigation and adversely affect the Company's ability to continue to provide, or could increase the cost of providing, products and services and negatively impact sales and profitability. Any infringement by the Company could also result in judgments against the Company, which could adversely affect our results of operations, financial condition, liquidity, and cash flows.

The Company could be impacted by unfavorable results or material settlement of legal proceedings.
The Company is sometimes a party to various legal proceedings and claims that arise in the ordinary course of business.
Regardless of the merit of any such claims, litigation is often very costly, time-consuming, and disruptive to the operations and business of the Company, and a distraction to management and other personnel. While these matters generally are not material in nature, it is possible a matter may arise that is material to the Company’s business.

Although the Company believes the probability of a materially adverse outcome is remote, if one or more claims were resolved against the Company in a reporting period for amounts in excess of management’s expectations, the Company’s consolidated financial statements may be materially adversely affected. Further, such an outcome could result in significant compensatory, punitive or trebled monetary damages, disgorgement of revenue or profits, remedial corporate measures or injunctive relief against the Company that could have a material adverse affecteffect on its businesses, financial condition, results of operation, and cash flows.


Raven is subject to governmental laws, regulations and other legal obligations related to privacy and data protection.
The legislative and regulatory framework for privacy and data protection issues worldwide is rapidly evolving. Raven collects personally identifiable information (PII) and other data as integral parts of its business processes and activities. This data is subject to a variety of U.S. and foreign laws and regulations, including oversight by various regulatory and other governmental bodies. Many foreign countries and governmental bodies, including the European Union, Brazil, individual states within the U.S., and other relevant jurisdictions where we conduct business, have laws and regulations concerning the collection and use of PII and other data obtained from their residents or businesses operating within their jurisdictions. The European Union recently implemented the General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR), which imposes stringent data protection requirements and provides significant penalties for noncompliance. The state of California recently implemented the California Consumer Privacy Act (CCPA). Brazil implemented the Brazilian General Data Protection Law (BGPD). Any inability, or perceived inability, to adequately address privacy and data protection concerns, or to comply with applicable laws, regulations, policies, industry standards, contractual obligations, or other legal obligations could result in additional cost and liability to the Company or the Company’s officials, inhibit sales, or result in other adverse effects on the business.
11



Information Technology and Cybersecurity Risks
Technology failures or cyber-attacks on the Company's systems could disrupt the Company's operations or the functionality of its products and negatively impact the Company's business.
The Company increasingly relies on information technology systems to process, transmit, and store electronic information. In addition, a significant portion of internal communications, as well as communication with customers and suppliers, depends on information technology. Further, the products in our Applied Technology and Aerostar segments depend upon GPS and other systems through which our products interact with government computer systems and other centralized information sources. We areThe Company is exposed to the risk of cyber incidents in the normal course of business. Cyber incidents may be deliberate attacks for the theft of intellectual property or other sensitive information or may be the result of unintentional events. Like other companies, the Company's information technology systems may be vulnerable to interruption due to a variety of events beyond the Company's control, including, but not limited to, natural disasters, terrorist attacks, telecommunications failures, computer viruses, hackers, foreign governments, and other security issues. Further, attacks on centralized information sources could affect the operation of ourthe Company's products or cause them to malfunction. The Company has technology security initiatives, education and training programs, and disaster recovery plans in place to manage the Company's risk to these vulnerabilities, but these measures may not be adequate, or implemented properly, or executed timely to ensure that the Company's operations are not significantly disrupted. Potential consequences of a material cyber incident include damage to ourthe Company's reputation, litigation, and increased cyber security protection and remediation costs. Such consequences could adversely affect our results of operations.
14


The implementation of a new enterprise resource planning (ERP) system may result in short term disruption to the Company’s operations and business, which could adversely impact the Company and damage customer relationships and brand reputation.
The Company depends heavily on its management information systems for several aspects of ourits business. The Company launched a company-wide initiative during the fiscal 2018 third quarter called "Project Atlas." This is a strategic long-term investment to replace the Company’s existing ERP.ERP platform. Project Atlas is being implemented in a phased approach and is expected to take approximately three years.four years to complete. If the new ERP system or legacy system areis disrupted, in any material way, during implementation, the Company may occurincur additional expenseexpenses and loss of data. Additionally, if improvements or upgrades are required to meet the evolving needs of ourthe Company's business weoperations, the Company may be required to incur significant capital expenditures or expenses in the pursuit of improvements or upgrades to the new system. These efforts could potentially increase the amount of time for implementation of the new ERP system,platform, require expenditures above the anticipated amounts, demand the use of additional resources, distract key personnel and potentially cause short-term disruptions to our existing systems and our business. Any of these outcomes could impair the Company’s ability to achieve critical strategic initiatives and could adversely impact our sales, profitability, cash flows and financial condition. Engineered Films and Aerostar went live on the Company's new ERP platform in fiscal 2020. Applied Technology is expected to go live in fiscal year 2022.


ITEM 1B.UNRESOLVED STAFF COMMENTS

None.


ITEM 2.PROPERTIES

Raven's corporate office is located in Sioux Falls, South Dakota. Along with the corporate headquarters building, the Company also owns separate manufacturing facilities for each of our business segments as well as various warehouses, training, and product development facilities in the immediate Sioux Falls area.

In addition to its Sioux Falls facilities, Applied Technology owns a product development facility in Austin, Texas. Applied Technology also leases manufacturing, warehouse, research, and office facilities in Middenmeer, Netherlands and Geel, Belgium as well as in Winnipeg, Manitoba and Stockholm, Saskatchewan in Canada and in Brazil. Furthermore, Applied Technology leases smaller research and office facilities in South Dakota.
Engineered Films also has additional owned production and conversion facilities located in Madison and Brandon, South Dakota and in Midland and Pleasanton, Texas. In addition, Engineered Films leases a production and conversion facility in Parker, Colorado and Colton, California.

Aerostar also owns manufacturing, sewing, and research facilities located in Madison, South Dakota and Sulphur Springs, Texas. Aerostar's subsidiary Vista also leases facilities in Arlington, Virginia and in Monterey and Chatsworth, California.

Most of the Company's manufacturing plants also serve as distribution centersproperties are located in the Sioux Falls, South Dakota, and contain officessurrounding area. The majority of real estate is owned by the Company and used by all three divisions for sales, engineering,manufacturing, and manufacturing support staff. Theother functions. In addition, the Company believes that itsowns or leases properties are suitablein: Texas, Virginia, Colorado, California, the Netherlands, Brazil, and adequate to meet existing production needs. The Company also owns approximately 70 acres of undeveloped land adjacent to the other owned property, which is available for expansion.Canada.


12


The following is the approximate square footage of the Company's owned or leased facilities by segment:segment as of January 31, 2021: Applied Technology - 154,000;207,000; Engineered Films - 761,000;875,000; Aerostar - 285,000;219,000; and Corporate - 150,000174,000.The Company believes that its properties are suitable and adequate to meet existing production needs.


ITEM 3.LEGAL PROCEEDINGS

The Company is involved as a party in lawsuits, claims, regulatory inquiries, or disputes arising in the normal course of its business, the potential costs and liability of which cannot be determined at this time. Management does not believe the ultimate outcomes of its legal proceedings are likely to be material to its results of operations, financial position, or cash flows. The previously disclosed patent infringement lawsuit in which Capstan Ag Systems, Inc. made certain infringement claims against the Company has been settled on a confidential basis.

The Company has insurance policies that provide coverage to various degrees for potential liabilities arising from legal proceedings.


ITEM 4.MINE SAFETY DISCLOSURES

Not applicable.
15




PART II
ITEM 4.MINE SAFETY DISCLOSURES
Not applicable.



PART II
ITEM 5.MARKET FOR REGISTRANT'S COMMON EQUITY, RELATED SHAREHOLDER MATTERS AND ISSUER PURCHASES OF EQUITY SECURITIES

COMPANY STOCK PERFORMANCE

The Company's common stock is traded on the NASDAQNasdaq Global Select Market under the ticker symbol RAVN. The following table shows quarterly unaudited financial results, quarterly highDaily market activity along with quoted prices and low trade prices per share ofother trading information are readily available for the Company's common stock on numerous websites including www.nasdaq.com.The graph and table below compares the cumulative total shareholder return of the Company's stock in relation to the cumulative total return of the Russell 2000 and S&P Small Cap 600 indices. These two indices were selected as reported bythey are comparable benchmarks and the NASDAQ Global Select Market,Company is a component of each index. Investors who hypothetically purchased $100.00 of the Company's stock on January 31, 2016, held the stock for five years and reinvested the dividends, declared forwould have seen their value increase to $233.32. Stock performance on the periods indicated:graph is not necessarily indicative of future share price performance.

COMPARISON OF 5-YEAR CUMULATIVE TOTAL RETURN AMONG RAVEN INDUSTRIES, INC., RUSSELL 2000 INDEX, AND THE S&P SMALL CAP 600 INDEX.
ravn-20210131_g2.jpg
For the years ended January 31,5-Year
Company / Index201620172018201920202021
CAGR(a)
Raven Industries, Inc.$100.00 $171.29 $267.80 $260.42 $224.09 $233.32 18.5 %
Russell 2000 Index100.00 133.53 156.47 150.96 164.86 214.61 16.5 %
S&P Small Cap 600 Index100.00 134.34 156.59 154.64 164.80 202.99 15.2 %
(a) Compound annual growth rate (CAGR)

16

QUARTERLY INFORMATION (UNAUDITED)
(Dollars in thousands, except per-share amounts)
 Net SalesGross ProfitOperating Income (Loss)Pre-tax Income (Loss)Net Income (Loss) Attributable to Raven
Net Income (Loss) Per Share(a)
 Common Stock Market Price Cash Dividends Per Share
 
 BasicDiluted HighLow
FISCAL 2018            
First Quarter$93,535
$31,956
$18,219
$17,989
$12,348
$0.34
$0.34
 $31.60
$23.75
 $0.13
Second Quarter86,610
26,513
11,700
11,637
8,235
0.23
0.23
 37.40
29.80
 0.13
Third Quarter(b)
101,349
33,333
17,829
17,795
11,998
0.33
0.33
 35.80
26.70
 0.13
Fourth Quarter(b)(c)
95,823
29,763
11,422
11,565
8,441
0.24
0.23
 40.85
32.06
 0.13
Total Year$377,317
$121,565
$59,170
$58,986
$41,022
$1.14
$1.13
 $40.85
$23.75
 $0.52
             
FISCAL 2017            
First Quarter$68,360
$20,117
$8,050
$7,953
$5,517
$0.15
$0.15
 $16.86
$12.88
 $0.13
Second Quarter67,598
18,915
6,696
6,487
4,495
0.12
0.12
 21.58
15.01
 0.13
Third Quarter(d)
  
72,522
19,839
7,389
7,116
5,741
0.16
0.16
 25.47
20.21
 0.13
Fourth Quarter68,915
19,319
6,278
6,297
4,438
0.12
0.12
 26.90
20.80
 0.13
Total Year$277,395
$78,190
$28,413
$27,853
$20,191
$0.56
$0.56
 $26.90
$12.88
 $0.52
             
FISCAL 2016            
First Quarter$70,273
$20,359
$7,214
$7,170
$4,855
$0.13
$0.13
 $22.85
$16.91
 $0.13
Second Quarter67,518
17,858
6,429
6,163
4,191
0.11
0.11
 22.36
18.52
 0.13
Third Quarter(e)
  
67,611
16,972
(9,823)(9,946)(6,188)(0.17)(0.17) 19.53
15.77
 0.13
Fourth Quarter52,827
11,785
571
694
1,918
0.05
0.05
 19.61
13.87
 0.13
Total Year$258,229
$66,974
$4,391
$4,081
$4,776
$0.13
$0.13
 $22.85
$13.87
 $0.52
(a) Net income per share is computed discretely by quarter and may not add to the full year.
(b) Fiscal year 2018 third and fourth quarters include net sales of $5.2 million and $7.9 million, respectively, related the acquisition of Colorado Lining International, Inc., as further described in Note 6 "Acquisitions of and Investments in Businesses and Technologies" of the Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements.
(c) The Tax Cuts and Jobs Act, effective January 1, 2018, lowered the Company's federal statutory rate by 1.2 percentage points and benefited net income approximately $0.7 million for the fiscal year, as further described in Note 10 "Income Taxes" of the Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements.

(d) The fiscal year 2017 third quarter includes inventory write-downs of $2,278 for Vista as a result of discontinuing sales activities for a specific radar product line within its business, as further described in Note 7 "Goodwill, Long-Lived Assets, and Other Charges " of the Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements.
(e) The fiscal year 2016 third quarter includes pre-contract cost write-offs of $2,933 (which is comprised of $2,075 of costs capitalized as of July 31, 2015 and additional costs of $858 capitalized during August and September 2015), a goodwill impairment loss of $11,497, a long-lived asset impairment loss of $3,813, and a reduction of $2,273 acquisition-related contingent liability for Vista. For further information regarding these impairments and other charges refer to Note 7 "Goodwill, Long-Lived Assets, and Other Charges" of the Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements.


DIVIDENDS

On August 26, 2020, the Company announced that the Board of Directors indefinitely suspended the Company’s regular quarterly cash dividend on its common stock. The Company has reallocated this capital to supplement and accelerate investments in the Company's Strategic Platforms for Growth: Raven Autonomy™, Raven Composites™, and Raven Thunderhead. Prior to the announcement, the Company paid cash dividends to its shareholders of $0.26 per share in fiscal 2021, or approximately $9 million. The Company paid dividends to its shareholders of $0.52 per share, or approximately $19 million in fiscal 2020 and 2019.

ISSUER PURCHASES OF EQUITY SECURITIES

As of January 31, 2018,February 18, 2021, the Company had approximately 12,400 14,300 beneficial holders, which includes a substantial amount of the Company's common stock held of record by banks, brokers, and other financial institutions.

On November 3, 2014, the Company announced that its Board of Directors (Board)("Board") had authorized a $40.0 million stock buyback program. Since that time, the Board has provided additional authorizations to increase the total amount authorized under the program to $75.0 million.
During fiscal 2018, the Company made purchases of 348,286 common shares under this plan at an average price of $28.71 equating to a total cost of $10.0 million. None of these common shares were repurchased during the fourth quarter of fiscal 2018. During

fiscal 2017, the Company made purchases of 484,252 common shares under this plan at an average price of $15.91 per share for a total cost of $7.7 million. None of these common shares were repurchased during the fourth quarter of fiscal 2017. During fiscal 2016, the Company made purchases of 1,602,545 common shares under this plan at an average price of $18.31 per share for a total cost of $29.3 million. None of these common shares were repurchased during the fourth quarter of fiscal 2016. There is $28.0 million still available for share repurchases under this Board-authorized program which This authorization remains in place until such time as the authorized spending limit is reached or such authorization is otherwise revoked by the Board.

COMPARISON OF 5-YEAR CUMULATIVE TOTAL RETURN AMONG RAVEN INDUSTRIES, INC.,
S&P 1500 INDUSTRIAL MACHINERY INDEX, RUSSELL 2000 INDEX, AND THE S&P SMALL CAP 600 INDEX.
The above graph compares the cumulative total shareholders return on the Company's stock with the cumulative return of the S&P 1500 Industrial Machinery Index, Russell 2000 Index, and S&P Small Cap 600 Index. The S&P 1500 Industrial Machinery Index is being replaced by the S&P Small Cap 600 Index as the Company determined that the S&P Small Cap 600 Index more closely represents similar companies. The S&P 1500 Industrial Machinery Index remains on this chart in the year of transition for comparative purposes. Investors who bought $100had no share repurchases of the Company's common stock onduring fiscal 2021. Pursuant to the aforementioned authorizations, the Company made purchases of 332,651 shares at an average price of $32.41, equating to a total cost of $10.8 million during fiscal year 2020. The remaining dollar value authorized for share repurchases is $17.2 million at January 31, 2013, held this for five years and reinvested the dividends would have seen its value increase to $158.77. Stock performance on the graph is not necessarily indicative of future price performance.2021.

17

  Years Ended January 31, 5-Year
Company / Index 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 
CAGR(a)
               
Raven Industries, Inc. $100.00
 $141.12
 $82.29
 $59.29
 $101.55
 $158.77
 9.7%
S&P 1500 Industrial Machinery Index 100.00
 125.99
 130.62
 119.14
 170.46
 223.32
 17.4%
Russell 2000 Index 100.00
 127.03
 132.63
 119.47
 159.53
 186.94
 13.3%
S&P Small Cap 600 Index 100.00
 128.44
 136.34
 129.95
 174.58
 203.49
 15.3%
(a) compound annual growth rate (CAGR)
            



ITEM 6.SELECTED FINANCIAL DATA
FIVE-YEAR FINANCIAL SUMMARY  
  For the years ended January 31,
  
(In thousands, except employee counts and per-share amounts)

 2018 2017 2016 2015 2014
OPERATIONS          
 Net sales(a)
 $377,317
 $277,395
 $258,229
 $378,153
 $394,677
 Gross profit(b)
 121,565
 78,190
 66,974
 103,246
 119,354
 Operating income(b)(c)
 59,170
 28,413
 4,391
 43,801
 63,994
 Income before income taxes(b)(c)
 58,986
 27,853
 4,081
 43,501
 63,623
 Net income attributable to Raven Industries, Inc.(d)
 41,022
 20,191
 4,776
 31,733
 42,903
 Net income % of sales 10.9% 7.3% 1.8% 8.4% 10.9%
 Net income % of average equity(e)
 15.3% 7.7% 1.7% 11.4% 18.2%
FINANCIAL POSITION          
 Cash and cash equivalents $40,535
 $50,648
 $33,782
 $51,949
 $52,987
 Property, plant and equipment 106,280
 106,324
 115,704
 117,513
 98,076
 Total assets 326,803
 301,509
 298,688
 362,873
 301,819
 Total debt (including capital lease obligations) 448
 
 
 
 
 Raven Industries, Inc. shareholders' equity 276,064
 259,426
 264,155
 305,153
 251,362
 Net working capital(f)
 100,777
 77,012
 77,870
 100,183
 97,184
 Net working capital percentage(g)
 26.3% 27.9% 36.9% 27.9% 26.2%
 Long-term debt / total capitalization 0.2% % % % %
CASH FLOWS PROVIDED BY (USED IN)          
 Operating activities $44,961
 $48,636
 $44,008
 $60,083
 $52,836
 Investing activities (25,675) (4,642) (11,074) (29,986) (31,615)
 Financing activities (29,721) (27,151) (50,684) (30,665) (17,354)
 Change in cash and cash equivalents (10,113) 16,866
 (18,167) (1,038) 3,634
COMMON STOCK DATA          
 EPS — basic $1.14
 $0.56
 $0.13
 $0.86
 $1.18
 EPS — diluted 1.13
 0.56
 0.13
 0.86
 1.17
 Cash dividends per share 0.52
 0.52
 0.52
 0.50
 0.48
 Stock price range during the year          
   High $40.85
 $26.90
 $22.85
 $40.06
 $42.99
   Low 23.75
 12.88
 13.87
 20.75
 25.46
   Close 38.55
 25.05
 15.01
 21.44
 37.45
OTHER DATA          
 Price / earnings ratio(h)
 34.1
 44.7
 115.5
 24.9
 32.0
 Average number of employees 1,054
 907
 936
1,251
1,251
 1,264
 Sales per employee $358
 $306
 $276
 $302
 $312
           
(a) Fiscal year 2018 includes $13.1 million in net sales related to the acquisition of Colorado Lining International, Inc., further described in Note 6 "Acquisitions of and Investments in Businesses and Technologies" of the Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements.
(b) The fiscal year ended January 31, 2017 includes inventory write-downs of $2,278 for Vista as a result of discontinuing sales activities for a specific radar product line within its business, as further described in Note 7 "Goodwill, Long-Lived Assets, and Other Charges " of the Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements.
(c) The fiscal year ended January 31, 2016 includes pre-contract cost write-offs of $2,933, a goodwill impairment loss of $11,497, and a long-lived asset impairment loss of $3,826, partially offset by a reduction of $2,273 of an acquisition-related contingent liability for Vista. For further information regarding these impairments and other charges refer to Note 7 "Goodwill, Long-Lived Assets, and Other Charges" of the Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements.
(d) The Tax Cuts and Jobs Act, effective January 1, 2018, lowered the Company's federal statutory rate by 1.2 percentage points and benefited net income approximately $0.7 million for the fiscal year, as further described in Note 10 "Income Taxes" of the Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements.

(e) Net income attributable to Raven Industries, Inc. divided by average equity. Average equity is the sum of Raven Industries, Inc. shareholders' equity for the beginning of the fiscal year plus Raven Industries, Inc. shareholders' equity for the end of the fiscal year divided by two.

(f) Net working capital is defined as accounts receivable (net) plus inventories less accounts payable.
(g) Net working capital percentage is defined as net working capital divided by fourth quarter net sales times four for each of the fiscal years, respectively.
(h) Closing stock price on last business day of fiscal year divided by EPS — diluted.


ITEM 7.MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS

The Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations (MD&A) is designed to enhance overall financial disclosure with commentary on the operating results, liquidity, capital resources, and financial condition of Raven Industries, Inc. (the Company or Raven). This commentary provides management's analysis of the primary drivers of year-over-year changes in key financial statement elements, business segment results, and the impact of accounting principles on the Company's financial statements. The most significant risks and uncertainties impacting the operating performance and financial condition of the Company are discussed in section Item 1A., Risk Factors, "Risk Factors" of this Annual Report on Form 10-K (Form 10-K).

This discussion should be read in conjunction with Raven's Consolidated Financial Statements and notes thereto in Item 8 of this Form 10-K.

The MD&A is organized as follows:

Executive Summary
Results of Operations - Segment Analysis
Liquidity and Capital Resources
Off-Balance Sheet Arrangements and Contractual Obligations
Critical Accounting Policies and Estimates
Accounting Pronouncements

Management's Discussion and Analysis - Fiscal 2020 compared to Fiscal 2019
The comparison of fiscal 2020 with fiscal 2019, including the results of operations and liquidity, can be found in the "Management's Discussion and Analysis" section of the Company's 2020 Form 10-K, which comparison is incorporated by reference herein.

EXECUTIVE SUMMARY
Raven is a diversified technology company providing a variety of products to customers within the industrial, agricultural, geomembrane, construction, aerospace/defense, radarcommercial lighter-than-air, and lighter-than-airaerospace and defense markets. The Company is comprised of three unique operating units, classified into reportable business segments: Applied Technology, Division (Applied Technology), Engineered Films, Division (Engineered Films), and Aerostar Division (Aerostar).Aerostar. Segment information is reported consistent with the Company's management reporting structure.

Management uses a number of measures to assess the Company's performance:performance including:

Consolidated net sales, gross margin, operating income, operating margin, net income and diluted earnings per shareshare.
Cash flow from operations and shareholder returnsreturns.
Return on sales, average assets and average equityequity.
Segment net sales, gross profit, gross margin, operating margin and operating income. At the segment level, operating income does not include an allocation of general and administrative expenses.

Raven's growth strategy focuses on its proprietary product lines and the Company made the decision in fiscal year 2015 to largely reduce its non-strategic contract manufacturing business. To assess the effectiveness of this strategy during the transition period, management has used two additional measures:

Consolidated net sales excluding contract manufacturing sales (adjusted sales)
Segment net sales excluding contract manufacturing sales (adjusted sales)

Information reported as net sales excluding contract manufacturing sales on both a consolidated and segment basis exclude sales generated from contract manufacturing activities and do not conform to generally accepted accounting principles (GAAP). As such, these are non-GAAP measures. As the reduction of contract manufacturing was largely completed in fiscal 2016, these additional measures are not utilized for comparisons to periods after fiscal 2016 and are excluded from the tables in this MD&A for fiscal 2018 and 2017.

As described in the Notes to the Financial Statements of this Form 10-K, four significant unusual charges were recorded in Vista Research, Inc. (Vista) within the Aerostar Division in the fiscal 2016 third quarter. To allow evaluation of operating income and net income for the Company’s core business, the Company used three additional measures. The additional measurements are:

Segment operating income excluding Vista charges (adjusted operating income)
Consolidated operating income excluding Vista charges (consolidated adjusted operating income)
Net income excluding Vista charges (adjusted net income)


Information reported as adjusted operating income and adjusted net income excluding the Vista charges, on both a consolidated and segment basis, do not conform to GAAP and are non-GAAP measures.

Non-GAAP measures should not be construed as an alternative to the reported results determined in accordance with GAAP. Non-GAAP measures exclude the impact of certain items (as further described below) and provide supplemental information regarding the operating performance of the Company and its operating segments. By disclosing these non-GAAP financial measures, management intends to provide a supplemental comparison of our operating results and trends for the periods presented. The Company believes these measures are also useful as they allow investors to evaluate our performance using the same metrics that management uses to evaluate past performance and prospects for future performance.

With regards to adjusted operating income and net income measures, management believes these measures assist in understanding the operating performance of the Company and its operating segments by excluding the impact of unusual charges which are non-recurring in nature and which, from management's perspective, significantly impact the comparison of year-over-year changes in underlying financial performance.

This non-GAAP information may not be consistent with the methodologies used by other companies. All non-GAAP measures are reconciled with reported GAAP results in the tables that follow.

Vision and Strategy
At Raven, ourRaven's purpose is to solve great challenges. Great challenges require great solutions. Raven’s three unique divisions share resources, ideas and a passion to create technology that helps the world grow more food, produce more energy, protect the environment and live safely.

The Raven business model is ourits platform for success. OurRaven's business model is defensible, sustainable, and gives us a consistent approach in the pursuit of quality financial results. This overall approach to creating value, which is employed across the three business segments, is summarized as follows:
Intentionally serve a set of diversified market segments with attractive near-strong growth prospects in both the near and long-term growth prospects;long term.
Consistently manage a pipeline of growth initiatives within our market segments;segments.
Aggressively compete on quality, service, innovation, and peak performance;performance.
Hold ourselves accountable forAttract and develop exceptional leaders who understand business deeply and can thrive in the Raven Way.
On a path of continuous improvement;improvement, integrate sustainability with our operations by consistently taking actions to streamline processes, improve efficiencies, and increase value delivered to our customers.
Value our balance sheet as a source of strength and stability with which to pursue strategic acquisitions; andstability.
Make corporateCorporate responsibility is a top priority.

























18


The following discussion highlights the consolidated operating results for the years ended January 31, 2018, 2017,2021 and 2016.2020. Segment operating results are more fully explained in the Results of Operations - Segment Analysis section.

  For the years ended January 31,
(dollars in thousands, except per-share data) 2018 % change 2017 % change 2016
Results of Operations          
Net sales(a)
 $377,317
 36.0% $277,395
 7.4% $258,229
Gross margin(b)
 32.2%   28.2%   25.9%
Operating income $59,170
 108.2% $28,413
 547.1% $4,391
Operating margin(b)
 15.7%   10.2%   1.7%
Net income attributable to Raven Industries, Inc.(c)
 $41,022
 103.2% $20,191
 322.8% $4,776
Diluted income per share $1.13
 101.8% $0.56
 330.8% $0.13
Adjusted net income attributable to Raven Industries, Inc.(d)
 $41,022
 103.2% $20,191
 34.1% $15,053
           
Cash Flow and Shareholder Returns          
Cash flow from operating activities $44,961
   $48,636
   $44,008
Cash outflow for capital expenditures $12,011
   $4,642
   $13,046
Cash dividends $18,685
   $18,839
   $19,426
Common share repurchases $10,000
   $7,702
   $29,338
           
Performance Measures          
Return on net sales(e)
 10.9%   7.3%   1.8%
Return on average assets(f)
 13.1%   6.7%   1.4%
Return on average equity(g)
 15.3%   7.7%   1.7%
 
(a) Fiscal year 2018 includes $13.1 million in net sales related to the acquisition of Colorado Lining International, Inc. further described in Note 6 "Acquisitions of and Investments in Businesses and Technologies" of the Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements.

(b) The Company's gross and operating margins may not be comparable to industry peers due to variability in the classification of expenses across industries in which the Company operates.
(c) The Tax Cuts and Jobs Act, effective January 1, 2018, lowered the Company's federal statutory rate by 1.2% and benefited net income approximately $0.7 million for the fiscal year, as further described in Note 10 "Income taxes" of the Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements.

(d) Non-GAAP measure reconciled to GAAP in the applicable table below.
(e) Net income divided by net sales.
(f) Net income attributable to Raven Industries, Inc. divided by average assets. Average assets is the sum of Total Assets for the beginning of the fiscal year plus Total Assets for the end of the fiscal year divided by two.
(g) Net income attributable to Raven Industries, Inc. divided by average equity. Average equity is the sum of Total Raven Industries, Inc. shareholders' equity for the beginning of the fiscal year plus Total Raven Industries, Inc. shareholders' equity for the end of the fiscal year divided by two.

The following table reconciles the reported net sales to adjusted sales, a non-GAAP financial measure. Adjusted sales excludes contract manufacturing and represents the Company's sales from proprietary products. As the reduction of contract manufacturing was largely completed in fiscal 2016, adjusted sales excluding manufacturing is not a meaningful measure in subsequent fiscal periods. As such fiscal 2018 and 2017 has been excluded from this table.
  For the year ended January 31,
(dollars in thousands) 2016
Applied Technology  
Reported net sales $92,599
Less: Contract manufacturing sales 546
Applied Technology net sales, excluding
    contract manufacturing sales
 $92,053
   
Aerostar  
Reported net sales $36,368
Less: Contract manufacturing sales 4,701
Aerostar net sales, excluding contract
    manufacturing sales
 $31,667
   
Consolidated Raven  
Reported net sales $258,229
Less: Contract manufacturing sales 5,247
Consolidated net sales, excluding contract
    manufacturing sales
 $252,982
For the years ended January 31,
(dollars in thousands, except per-share data)2021% change2020
Results of Operations
Net sales$348,359 (8.9)%$382,530 
Gross margin(a)
33.8 %32.3 %
Operating income$19,651 (50.8)%$39,939 
Operating margin(a)
5.6 %10.4 %
Net income attributable to Raven Industries, Inc.$18,876 (46.4)%$35,196 
Diluted income per share$0.52 (46.4)%$0.97 
Cash Flow and Shareholder Returns
Cash flow from operating activities$55,472 $54,872 
Cash outflow for capital expenditures16,147 8,560 
Cash dividends9,318 18,650 
Common share repurchases 10,781 
Performance Measures
Return on net sales(b)
5.4 %9.2 %
Return on average assets(c)
4.6 %9.2 %
Return on average equity(d)
5.8 %11.3 %
(a) The Company's gross and operating margins may not be comparable to industry peers due to variability in the classification of expenses across industries in which the Company operates.
(b) Net income attributable to Raven Industries, Inc. divided by net sales.
(c) Net income attributable to Raven Industries, Inc. divided by average assets. Average assets is the sum of Total Assets for the beginning and ending of the fiscal year divided by two.
(d) Net income attributable to Raven Industries, Inc. divided by average equity. Average equity is the sum of Total Raven Industries, Inc. shareholders' equity for the beginning and ending of the fiscal year divided by two.
The following table reconciles the reported operating (loss) income to adjusted operating income, a non-GAAP financial measure. On both a segment and consolidated basis, adjusted operating income excludes the goodwill impairment loss, long-lived asset impairment loss, pre-contract cost write-offs, and an acquisition-related contingent consideration benefit all of which relate to the Vista business within the Aerostar Division and all of which occurred in the fiscal 2016 third quarter. These are described in more detail in Note 7 Goodwill, Long-lived Assets, and Other Charges and Note 6 Acquisition of and Investments in Businesses and Technologies of the Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements.
  For the years ended January 31,
(dollars in thousands) 2018 % change 2017 % change 2016
Aerostar          
Reported operating income (loss) $4,122
 (364.2)% $(1,560) (89.5)% $(14,801)
Plus:          
Goodwill impairment loss 
   
   11,497
Long-lived asset impairment loss 
   
   3,813
Pre-contract costs written off 
   
   2,933
Less:          
Acquisition-related contingent liability benefit 
   
   2,273
Aerostar adjusted operating income (loss) (a)
 $4,122
 (364.2)% $(1,560) (233.4)% $1,169
Aerostar adjusted operating income (loss) % of net sales 10.3%   (4.6)%   3.2%
           
Consolidated Raven          
Reported operating income $59,170
 108.2 % $28,413
 547.1 % $4,391
Plus:          
Goodwill impairment loss 
   
   11,497
Long-lived asset impairment loss 
   
   3,813
Pre-contract costs written off 
   
   2,933
Less:          
Acquisition-related contingent liability benefit 
   
   2,273
Consolidated adjusted operating income $59,170
 108.2 % $28,413
 39.5 % $20,361
Consolidated adjusted operating income % of net sales

 15.7%   10.2 %   7.9%
(a) At the segment level, adjusted operating income (loss) does not include an allocation of general and administrative expenses.

The following table reconciles the reported net income to adjusted net income, a non-GAAP financial measure. Adjusted net income excludes the goodwill impairment loss, long-lived asset impairment loss, pre-contract cost write-off, an acquisition-related contingent consideration benefit, and the income tax effect of these items, all of which relate to the Vista business within the Aerostar Division and all of which occurred in the fiscal 2016 third quarter. These are described in more detail in Note 7 Goodwill, Long-lived Assets, and Other Charges and Note 6 Acquisition of and Investments in Businesses and Technologies of the Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements.
  For the years ended January 31,
(dollars in thousands) 2018 % change 2017 % change 2016
Consolidated Raven          
Reported net income attributable to Raven Industries, Inc. $41,022
 103.2% $20,191
 322.8% $4,776
Plus:          
Goodwill impairment loss 
   
   11,497
Long-lived asset impairment loss 
   
   3,813
Pre-contract costs written off 
   
   2,933
           
Less:          
Acquisition-related contingent liability benefit 
   
   2,273
Net tax benefit on adjustments 
   
   5,693
Adjusted net income attributable to Raven
   Industries, Inc.
 $41,022
 103.2% $20,191
 34.1% $15,053
           
Adjusted net income per common share:          
      ─ Basic $1.14
 103.6% $0.56
 40.0% $0.40
      ─ Diluted $1.13
 101.8% $0.56
 40.0% $0.40
Results of Operations - Fiscal 20182021 compared to Fiscal 20172020
The Company's net sales in fiscal 20182021 were $377.3$348.4 million, an increasea decrease of $99.9$34.1 million, or 36.0%8.9%, from lastthe prior year's net sales of $277.4$382.5 million. All three divisions achieved double-digitYear-over-year growth with Engineered Films achieving growth of 53.6 percent year-over-year. Delivery of hurricane recovery film to support relief efforts and the recent acquisition of CLI contributed sales of $24.2 million and $13.1 million, respectively.

Operating income for fiscal year 2018in Applied Technology was $59.2 million compared to $28.4 million in fiscal year 2017. The operating income increase year-over-year was principally drivenmore than offset by operating leverage on higher sales volumesdeclines in Engineered Films and Aerostar. The year-over-year growth within Applied Technology was driven by increased volumes to OEMs, as wellthe division leveraged its industry-leading technology portfolio. Engineered Films' decline in net sales was driven by weak demand as improved profitabilityits end-markets were significantly affected by the global pandemic. The year-over-year decline in revenue for Aerostar was primarily driven by pandemic related travel restrictions enacted by the Department of Defense.

Operating income in fiscal 2021 was $19.7 million, a decrease of $20.2 million, or 50.8%, from the prior year's operating income of $39.9 million.

Fiscal 2021 operating income was reduced by the following:

Strategic investments in Raven Autonomy™ during fiscal 2021 of $16.8 million, primarily in research and development and selling activities to advance the Company's autonomous ag solutions.
Lower operating leverage within Aerostar. Project Atlas beganEngineered Films due to significantly lower sales, primarily in the third quarter of fiscal 2018,geomembrane (specifically the energy sub-market) and the related costs incurred were $0.9 million in fiscal year 2018.construction markets.

Net income attributable to Raven for fiscal year 20182021 was $41.0$18.9 million, or $1.13$0.52 per diluted share, compared to net income of $20.2$35.2 million, or $0.56$0.97 per diluted share, in fiscal year 2017. Net2020. The investment in Raven Autonomy™ reduced net income was up $20.8attributable to Raven by $12.9 million year-over-year,, or $0.57 $0.36 per diluted share in fiscal 2018. The U.S. Tax Cuts2021, and Jobs Act (TCJA) was enacted on December 22, 2017 and reduced the U.S. federal statutory tax rate to 21 percent effective January 1, 2018. This change caused the Company’s$2.3 million, or $0.06 per diluted share in fiscal 2018 U.S. federal statutory tax rate to be reduced by 1.2 percentage points, benefiting fiscal year 2018 net income by approximately $0.7 million.2020.


19

Applied Technology Division
Fiscal 20182021 net sales increased $19.5$16.7 million, or 18.5%12.8%, to $124.7 million from $105.2$130.5 million in fiscal 2017. This2020 to $147.2 million in fiscal 2021. Applied Technology's increase in sales was driven by new product introductions and market share gains. Salesgrowth in the original equipment manufacturer (OEM)OEM channel, through leveraging its industry-leading technology portfolio and strong customer relationships. This growth was achieved despite economic challenges that included low commodity prices for much of the year and overall weak conditions within the ag industry. The growth included last-time buy activity associated with the exit of a commercial relationship initiated by the Company.

Applied Technology's operating income decreased by 13.7% to $26.5 million from $30.7 million in the prior year. Operating income was reduced by $16.6 million of strategic investment in research and development and selling activities for Raven Autonomy™.

Engineered Films Division
Fiscal 2021 net sales were up 32.4% while$147.9 million, a decrease of $49.8 million, or 25.2%, compared to fiscal 2020. Engineered Films faced weak economic conditions across a majority of its end-markets throughout the year, resulting in a decline in net sales year-over-year. Geomembrane (including the energy sub-market) experienced the largest declines as rig counts in the Permian Basin were down 70 percent throughout a significant portion of the year. Net sales in the aftermarket channelconstruction market also declined as there was reduced demand driven by a significant decline in non-residential construction starts versus the prior year. Partially offsetting these declines was the delivery of $4.8 million of film-based medical supplies associated with a FEMA contract to aid in the pandemic response.

Engineered Films' operating income decreased by 45.1% to $15.7 million from $28.7 million in the prior year. The year-over-year decline was driven by lower sales volume and the corresponding negative operating leverage.

Aerostar Division
Fiscal 2021 net sales were $53.3 million, down 2.0%, compared to $54.4 million in fiscal 2020. Declines in stratospheric platforms and radar products more than offset the increase in aerostat system deliveries during the current year, and drove the decline in sales year-over-year.

Aerostar's operating income was $4.4 million, a decrease of 48.8% year-over-year, from $8.6 million. The year-over-year decline was driven by lower margins due to increased 6.3%.material and overhead expenses, as well as a strategic increase in investment in the division's stratospheric systems.

RESULTS OF OPERATIONS - SEGMENT ANALYSIS
Applied Technology
Applied Technology designs, manufactures, sells, and services innovative precision agriculture products, autonomous solutions, and information management tools, which are collectively referred to as precision agriculture equipment, that help farmers reduce costs, more precisely control inputs, and improve farm yields for the global agriculture market.
For the years ended January 31,
(dollars in thousands)2021% change2020
Net sales$147,198 12.8 %$130,460 
Gross profit74,370 17.4 %63,359 
Gross margin50.5 %48.6 %
Operating expense$47,902 46.5 %$32,687 
Operating expense as % of sales32.5 %25.1 %
Operating income(a)
26,468 (13.7)%30,672 
Operating margin18.0 %23.5 %
(a) At the segment level, operating income does not include an allocation of general and administrative expenses.


For fiscal 2021, net sales increased $16.7 million, or 12.8%, to $147.2 million as compared to $130.5 million in fiscal 2020. Operating income decreased $4.2 million, or 13.7%, to $26.5 million as compared to $30.7 million in fiscal 2020.





20

Fiscal 2021 results compared to fiscal 2020 results were primarily driven by the following factors:

Market conditions. During the first three quarters of fiscal 2021, the North America ag market was negatively impacted by low commodity prices, and the ongoing pandemic drove further uncertainty in the marketplace. These factors reduced expected farm income, and OEMs responded with lower production of new machines. During the fourth quarter, improving commodity prices have provided optimism about ag market conditions, with the Company seeing an increase in demand. As commodity prices have reached levels not seen since 2014, the Company anticipates these improved conditions will lead to strong results in the first half of fiscal 2022. The Company does not specifically model comparative market share position for any of its operating divisions, but based on the sales developments in fiscal 20182021, the Company believes that Applied Technology'sTechnology, in aggregate, has maintained its global market share position improved during the year asyear.
Sales volume and selling prices. Geographically, domestic sales were up 14.6% and international sales were up 7.1% year-over-year. Higher sales volume of both new and existing products, rather than an increase in selling price, was the primary driver of the increase in sales. Included within domestic sales totals is $17.0 million of last time buy activity to a resultnon-strategic OEM customer. This is an increase of new product$9.2 million year-over-year of sales and building on key OEM relationships.to this customer.

Applied Technology's operating income increased by 17.3%International sales. Net sales outside the U.S. accounted for 22.8% of segment sales in fiscal 2021 compared to $31.3 million from $26.624.0% in fiscal 2020. International sales of $33.6 million in fiscal 2021 increased $2.2 million, or 7.1%, compared to fiscal 2020. Sales to Australia and Europe, up approximately 61% and 14%, respectively, led the prior year due primarilyincrease in international sales year-over-year. The year-over-year increases were partially offset by a decrease in sales to Latin America.
Gross margin. Gross margin increased from 48.6% in fiscal 2020 to 50.5% in fiscal 2021. The year-over-year increase in profitability was driven by positive operating leverage from higher sales volume and lower manufacturingfavorable product mix.
Operating expenses. Throughout Fiscal 2021 operating expenses were 32.5% of net sales compared to 25.1% for the prior year. The increase in operating expenses as a percentage of sales was driven by $16.6 million of Raven AutonomyTM related expenses in fiscal 2018, the division continued2021 compared to invest$2.8 million in fiscal 2020. These expenses primarily consisted of investment in research and development and selling activities to position itself for incremental new product sales and market share gains in future years.drive the commercialization of autonomous ag solutions.


Engineered Films
Engineered Films Divisionproduces high-performance plastic films and sheeting for geomembrane, agricultural, construction, and industrial applications and also offers design-build and installation services of these plastic films and sheeting. Plastic film and sheeting can be purchased separately or together with installation services.
Fiscal 2018
For the years ended January 31,
(dollars in thousands)2021% change2020
Net sales$147,921 (25.2)%$197,719 
Gross profit25,687 (32.7)%38,166 
Gross margin17.4 %19.3 %
Operating expenses$9,944 5.0 %$9,471 
Operating expenses as % of sales6.7 %4.8 %
Operating income(a)
$15,743 (45.1)%$28,695 
Operating margin10.6 %14.5 %
(a) At the segment level, operating income does not include an allocation of general and administrative expenses.


For fiscal 2021, net sales were $213.3 million, an increase of $74.4decreased $49.8 million, or 53.6%25.2%, to $147.9 million as compared to fiscal 2017. The2020. Operating income was $15.7 million, down 45.1% for fiscal 2021 as compared to $28.7 million for fiscal 2020.

Fiscal 2021 results compared to fiscal 2020 results were primarily driven by the following factors:

Market conditions. In fiscal 2021, the ongoing pandemic and resulting economic slowdown significantly impacted demand in the division's end-markets, with the geomembrane (including the energy sub-market) and construction markets, hadmost significantly impacted. Rig counts within the largest increasesPermian Basin were down over 70 percent year-over-year for most of fiscal 2021 before beginning to recover during the fourth quarter. In addition, delays in net sales, but all markets were up year-over-year. Althoughlarge-scale projects due to the pandemic has led to declines in demand within the construction and installation markets. During fiscal year 2022, the Company does not specifically model comparative market share position for any of its operating divisions, based on the sales developments in fiscal year 2018 the Company believes that Engineered Films achieved sales growth dueexpects demand to improved end-market demand and increased market share. Delivery of hurricane recovery filmcontinue to support relief efforts and the recent acquisition of CLI contributed net sales of $24.2 million and $13.1 million, respectively.

Engineered Film's operating income increased by 106.1% to $47.3 million from $23.0 millionimprove in the prior year due primarily to strong operating leverage on higher sales volume. Operational efficiency gains developed throughout the year and higher sales volume improved capacity utilization and resulted in fixed cost leverage.

Aerostar Division
Fiscal 2018 net salesaforementioned markets that were $39.9 million compared to $34.1 million in fiscal 2017, up $5.8 million. The increase in sales for the division was principally driven by higher sales of stratospheric balloons and radar systems. While it is particularly challenging to measure market share information for the Aerostar division and the Company does not specifically model comparative market share position for any of its operating divisions, the Company believes that Aerostar’s sales growth was primarily the result of continuing to develop capabilities for and interest in the emerging stratospheric balloon market rather than capturing existing market share from others.

Aerostar reported operating income of $4.1 million in fiscal 2018 compared to an operating loss of $1.6 million in fiscal 2017. The improved profitability was driven by higher sales volume, and the absence of inventory write-downs, which lowered prior year results by $2.3 million as discussed in more detail in Note 7 Goodwill, Long-Lived Assets, and Other Charges of the Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements.

Results of Operations - Fiscal 2017 compared to Fiscal 2016
The Company's net sales in fiscal 2017 were $277.4 million, an increase of $19.2 million, or 7.4%, from last year's net sales of $258.2 million. Despite the continued challenges within the end-markets in their primary markets of focus, the Applied Technology and Engineered Films divisions saw sales increases year-over-year. With respect to Aerostar, delays and uncertainties regarding certain opportunities important to the division's growth strategy resulted in lower net sales for this division.

Operating income for fiscal year 2017 was $28.4 million compared to $4.4 million in fiscal year 2016. The fiscal 2016 results weresignificantly impacted by the Vista goodwill and long-lived impairment losses and associated financial impacts. Excluding these specific Vista related items, adjusted operating income for fiscal 2016 was $20.4 million. Adjusted operating income increased $8.0 million, or 39.5%, year-over-year. The adjusted operating income increase year-over-year was principally driven by higher sales volume and lower manufacturing expenses in Applied Technology and Engineered Films.

Net income for fiscal year 2017 was $20.2 million, or $0.56 per diluted share, compared to net income of $4.8 million, or $0.13 per diluted share, in fiscal year 2016. The fiscal 2016 results were impacted by the Vista goodwill and long-lived asset impairments and associated financial impacts. Excluding these specific Vista related items, adjusted net income for fiscal 2016 was $15.1 million, or $0.40 per diluted share. On an adjusted basis, net income was up $5.1 million year-over-year, or $0.16 per diluted share, in fiscal 2017.

Applied Technology Division
Fiscal 2017 net sales increased $12.6 million, or 13.6%, to $105.2 million from $92.6 million in fiscal 2016. This increase in sales was driven by new product introductions and market share gains. Sales in the original equipment manufacturer (OEM) channel were up 25.1% while sales in the aftermarket channel increased 6.1%.economic slowdown. The Company does not specifically model comparative market share position for any of its operating divisions, but based on the sales developments in fiscal 20172021, the Company believes that Applied Technology's globalEngineered Films, in aggregate, has maintained its market share position improved during the year as a result of new product sales and expanded OEM relationships.in its core business.

21

Applied Technology's operating income increased by 45.4% to $26.6 million from $18.3 million in the prior year due primarily to higher salesSales volume and lower manufacturing expenses. End-market demand conditions remain subdued, but new product introductions have driven sales increases in fiscal 2017.

Engineered Films Division
Fiscal 2017 net salesselling prices. Sales to geomembrane (including the energy sub-market) and construction markets were $138.9 million, an increase of $9.4 million, or 7.3%, compared to fiscal 2016. The increasedown significantly year-over-year. This decline in sales was driven by increasesdecreases in rig counts within the industrial,Permian Basin, as well as delays in large-scale projects, reducing sales volumes within the geomembrane, construction and constructioninstallation markets partially offset by a decreaseduring fiscal 2021. Sales volume, measured in pounds sold, decreased approximately 19% year-over-year for the agricultural market. Although the Company does not specifically model comparative market share position for any of its operating divisions,

based on the sales developments in fiscal year 2017 the Company believes that Engineered Films’ market share position improved during the year in all of the end markets served, with the exception of the agriculture market.

Engineered Film's operating income increased by 28.4% to $23.0 million from $17.9 million in the prior year due primarily to higher sales volume and lower manufacturing expenses. Higher production and sales volume helped improve capacity utilization and resulted in fixed cost leverage.

Aerostar Division
Fiscal 2017 net sales were $34.1 million compared to $36.4 million in fiscal 2016, down $2.3 million.twelve-month period ended January 31, 2021. The decline in sales for the division was principally driven by lower aerostat sales, partially offset by higher sales of stratospheric balloons. While it is particularly challengingdemand in certain end-markets, as well as unfavorable product mix, caused selling prices to measure market share information for the Aerostar division and the Company does not specifically model comparative market share position for any of its operating divisions, the Company believes that Aerostar’s market share position was largely unchanged during the year for all of the markets served, with the exception of radar products and services which the Company believes experienced an erosion of market share.

Aerostar reported an operating loss of $1.6 milliondecline in fiscal 2017 compared to an operating loss of $14.8 million in fiscal 2016. The fiscal 2016 results were impacted by the Vista goodwill and long-lived assets impairments and associated financial impacts. Excluding these specific Vista related items, adjusted operating income in fiscal 2016 was $1.2 million, compared to an operating loss of $1.6 million for fiscal 2017, a decline of $2.8 million on an adjusted basis. This decline in operating income was primarily driven by lower sales volume and $2.3 million of inventory write-downs related to certain radar systems, discussed in more detail in Note 7 Goodwill, Long-lived Assets, and Other Charges of the Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements, and lower sales volume.

RESULTS OF OPERATIONS - SEGMENT ANALYSIS
Applied Technology
Applied Technology designs, manufactures, sells, and services innovative precision agriculture products and information management tools that help growers reduce costs, more precisely control inputs, and improve yields for the global agriculture market. Applied Technology's operations include operations of SBG Innovatie BV and its affiliate, Navtronics BVBA (collectively, SBG), based in the Netherlands.

 For the years ended January 31,
(dollars in thousands) 2018 % change 2017 % change 2016
Net sales $124,688
 18.5% $105,217
 13.6% $92,599
Gross profit 54,682
 25.8% 43,476
 28.0% 33,969
Gross margin 43.9%   41.3%   36.7%
Operating expense $23,166

37.6% $16,833
 7.6% $15,650
Operating expense as % of sales 18.6%   16.0%   16.9%
Long-lived asset impairment loss 259
   $
   
Operating income(a)
 $31,257
 17.3% $26,643
 45.4% 18,319
Operating margin 25.1%   25.3%   19.8%
Applied Technology net sales,
    excluding contract manufacturing
    sales(b)
 NMF NMF NMF
 NMF
 $92,053
(a) At the segment level, operating income does not include an allocation of general and administrative expenses.

(b) Reduction of contract manufacturing was largely completed in fiscal 2016; measure is not meaningful (NMF) for comparisons in subsequent fiscal periods.



For fiscal 2018, net sales increased $19.5 million, or 18.5%, to $124.7 million as compared to $105.2 million in fiscal 2017. Operating income increased $4.6 million, or 17.3%, to $31.3 million as compared to $26.6 million in fiscal 2017.

Fiscal 2018 fourth quarter net sales increased $4.6 million, or 17.6%, to $30.5 million and operating income decreased $0.6 million, or 8.7%, to $5.8 million compared to the fourth quarter of fiscal 2017.

Fiscal 2018 comparative results were primarily driven by the following factors:

Market conditions. Conditions in the agriculture market remain subdued; however, Applied Technology's marketplace strategy has capitalized on new product introductions in fiscal 2018. While OEM and aftermarket sales channel demand

remains challenging, Applied Technology achieved fourth quarter and year-to-date sales growth2021 compared to the prior year primarilyyear.
Gross margin. Fiscal 2021 gross margin was 17.4%, 1.9 percentage points lower than the prior fiscal year. The decrease in gross margin percentage was led by lower operating leverage due to market share gains driven by new product introductions and building on key OEM relationships. These were the primary growth drivers both domestically and internationally.
Sales volume and selling prices. reduction in sales volume.Sales in the OEM and aftermarket channels were up 32.4% and 6.3%, respectively, in fiscal 2018. Fiscal 2018 domestic sales were up 25.0% while international sales were up 1.5%. Higher sales volume, rather than an increase in selling price, was the main driver for these increases.
International sales. Net sales outside the U.S. accounted for 23.6% of segment sales in fiscal 2018 compared to 27.6% in fiscal 2017. International sales increased $0.4 million, or 1.5%, to $29.4 million in fiscal 2018 compared to fiscal 2017. Higher sales in Latin America and Europe, partially offset by a decrease in Canada, were the primary drivers of the increase. European revenue growth included strong growth at SBG in fiscal 2018. For the fourth quarter, international sales totaled $6.3 million, an increase of 6.2% from the prior year comparative quarter.
Gross margin. Gross margin increased from 41.3% in fiscal 2017 to 43.9% in fiscal 2018. Higher sales volume and lower manufacturing costs increased operating leverage and drove the increase in gross margin. Due to the existing available capacity of the manufacturing facilities, the increase in sales volume did not require a commensurate increase in costs in fiscal 2018.
Operating expenses. Fiscal 2018 operating expenses were 18.6% of net sales compared to 16.0% for the prior year. Throughout fiscal 2018, the division continued to invest in research and development activities to position itself for incremental new product sales and market share gains in future years.

For fiscal 2017,Operating expenses. Fiscal 2021 operating expenses, as a percentage of net sales, increased $12.6 million, or 13.6%to 6.7%, to $105.2 million as compared to $92.6 million in fiscal 2016. Operating income increased $8.3 million, or 45.4%, to $26.6 million as compared to fiscal 2016.

Fiscal 2017 fourth quarter net sales increased $7.5 million, or 40.4%, to $25.9 million and operating income increased $4.1 million, or 184.3%, to $6.4 million compared to fourth quarter fiscal 2016.

Fiscal 2017 comparative results were primarily driven by the following factors:

Market conditions. Conditions in the agriculture market remain subdued; however, Applied Technology's marketplace strategy has capitalized on new product introductions in fiscal 2017. While OEM and aftermarket sales channel demand remains challenging, Applied Technology achieved fourth quarter and year-to-date sales growth compared to the prior year primarily due to market share gains driven by new product introductions and expanded relationships with OEM partners. These were the primary growth drivers both domestically and internationally.
Sales volume and selling prices. Fiscal 2017 sales increased 13.6% to $105.2 million as compared to $92.6 million in the prior fiscal year. Sales in the OEM and aftermarket channels were up 25.1% and 6.1%, respectively, in fiscal 2017. Fiscal 2017 domestic sales were up 9.9% while international sales were up 24.8%. Higher sales volume, rather than an increase in selling price, was the main driver for these increases.
International sales. Net sales outside the U.S. accounted for 27.6% of segment sales in fiscal 2017 compared to 25.1% in fiscal 2016. International sales increased $5.8 million, or 24.8%, to $29.0 million in fiscal 2017 compared to fiscal 2016. Higher sales in Canada and Europe were the primary drivers of the increase. European revenue growth included strong growth at SBG in fiscal 2017. For the fourth quarter, international sales totaled $5.9 million, an increase of 29.8% from the prior year comparative quarter.
Gross margin. Gross margin increased from 36.7% in fiscal 2016 to 41.3% in fiscal 2017. Higher sales volume and lower manufacturing costs including increased leverage of fixed manufacturing costs contributed to the higher margin. Due to the existing available capacity of the facilities, the increase in sales volume did not require a commensurate increase in costs in fiscal 2017.
Restructuring expenses. Fiscal 2016 results included severance and other related exit activity totaling $0.6 million. These costs were offset by completion of the St. Louis contract manufacturing exit activities which resulted in gains of $0.6 million recorded in the fiscal 2016 results. There were no impairments recorded as a result of the exit of this business. No restructuring or exit costs were incurred in the three-month period ended January 31, 2016. No restructuring or exit costs were incurred in the three-month or year-to-date period ended January 31, 2017.
Operating expenses. Fiscal 2017 operating expenses were 16.0% of net sales compared to 16.9% for the prior year. Operating expenses increased less than revenues due primarily to continued cost control measures and resulted in a lower percentage of sales year-over-year.

Engineered Films
Engineered Films manufactures high performance plastic films and sheeting for geomembrane, agricultural, construction, and industrial applications. Engineered Films’ ability to develop value-added innovative products is expanded by its fabrication, conversion, design-build and installation capabilities.
  For the years ended January 31,
(dollars in thousands) 2018 % change 2017 % change 2016
Net sales $213,298
 53.6% $138,855
 7.3 % $129,465
Gross profit 56,255
 91.3% 29,407
 17.3 % 25,076
Gross margin 26.4%   21.2%   19.4%
Operating expenses $8,931
 38.7% $6,441
 (10.3)% $7,184
Operating expenses as % of sales 4.2%   4.6%   5.5%
Operating income(a)
 $47,324
 106.1% $22,966
 28.4 % $17,892
Operating margin 22.2%   16.5%   13.8%
(a) At the segment level, operating income does not include an allocation of general and administrative expenses.


For fiscal 2018, net sales increased $74.4 million, or 53.6%, to $213.3 million as compared to fiscal 2017. Operating income was $47.3 million, up 106.1% for fiscal 2018 as compared to $23.0 million for fiscal 2017.

For fiscal 2018, fourth quarter net sales increased $21.1 million, or 61.0%, to $55.6 million as compared to $34.5 million in the fiscal 2017 fourth quarter. Operating income was up $6.6 million, or 125.2%, to $11.9 million as compared to $5.3 millionfrom 4.8% in the prior year fourth quarter.year. Despite ongoing efforts to reduce costs due to the uncertainty of the pandemic, lower sales and focused research and development expenditures to improve quality and production efficiencies to support Raven Composites™ drove the increase in operating expenses as a percentage of net sales. In addition, the division increased its allowance for uncollectible accounts, contributing to the increase in operating expenses.

Fiscal 2018 comparative results were primarily driven by the following factors:

Market conditions. Engineered Films produces high-performance plastic films and sheeting for geomembrane, agricultural, construction, and industrial applications. Each of these markets had significant growth in fiscal 2018, with the geomembrane and construction markets growing most significantly. Geomembrane end-market conditions for Engineered Films exhibited significant year-over-year improvement throughout fiscal 2018. U.S. land-based rig counts have increased 34.6% from January 2017 to January 2018. Additionally, as discussed in more detail in Note 6 Acquisitions and Investments in Business and Technologies of the Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements, Engineered Films acquired the assets of CLI in September 2017. This acquisition enhanced the division's geomembrane market position through extended service and product offerings with the addition of new design-build and installation service components. The acquisition of CLI advanced Engineered Films’ business model into a vertically-integrated, full-service solutions provider for the geomembrane market. CLI contributed $13.1 million in net sales in fiscal 2018. For fiscal 2018, sales into the geomembrane market increased 103.3% year-over-year. The growth in the construction market was driven by delivery of hurricane recovery film. Due to the unusually devastating hurricane season, delivery of hurricane recovery film during fiscal 2018 resulted in sales of $24.2 million. It has been several years since the Company received a substantial increase in demand for hurricane recovery film, and sales of such film are generally less than $2.0 million on an annual basis. For fiscal 2018, sales into the construction market increased 46.8% year-over-year.
Sales volume and selling prices. Primary drivers of the increase in net sales were the improved conditions within the geomembrane and industrial markets, the acquisition of CLI, and the delivery of hurricane recovery film, which added $2.3 million, $7.9 million and $15.8 million, in the fourth quarter of fiscal 2018, and $34.9 million, $13.1 million and $24.2 million, in the 2018 full fiscal year, respectively.
Gross margin. Fiscal 2018 gross margin was 26.4%, 5.2 percentage points higher than the prior fiscal year. During fiscal 2018 fourth quarter, the gross margin was 26.3% compared to 20.5% in the prior year fourth quarter. The increase for both periods was primarily the result of operational efficiency gains developed throughout the year and higher sales volume that improved capacity utilization and resulted in fixed cost leverage. Due to the existing available capacity of the facilities, the increase in sales volume did not require a commensurate increase in costs in fiscal 2018.
Operating expenses. Fiscal 2018 operating expenses, as a percentage of net sales, decreased to 4.2%, from 4.6% in the prior year. Operating expenses increased less than revenues due primarily to continued cost control measures and resulted in a lower percentage of sales year-over-year.

For fiscal 2017, net sales increased $9.4 million, or 7.3%, to $138.9 million as compared to fiscal 2016. Operating income was $23.0 million for fiscal 2017, up 28.4%, as compared to $17.9 million for fiscal 2016.


For fiscal 2017, fourth quarter net sales increase $9.1 million, or 35.8% to $34.5 million as compared to $25.4 million in the fiscal 2016 fourth quarter. Operating income was up $3.4 million, or 177.3%, to $5.3 million as compared to $1.9 million in the prior year fourth quarter.

Fiscal 2017 comparative results were primarily driven by the following factors:
Market conditions. End-market conditions have improved in the geomembrane market in the second half of fiscal 2017 for Engineered Films. U.S. land-based rig counts have increased approximately 17.0% from January 2016 to January 2017. For fiscal 2017, sales into the geomembrane market increased 16.9% year-over-year.
Sales volume and selling prices. Fiscal 2017 net sales were up 7.3% to $138.9 million compared to fiscal 2016 net sales of $129.5 million. Sales volume, measured in pounds, for fiscal 2017 was up 11.4%. Primary drivers of the increase in sales volume included the improved market conditions within the geomembrane market and new sales into the industrial and geomembrane markets as a result of successfully selling capacity of the division's new production line that was commissioned in the fiscal 2017 first quarter. Average selling prices for the same period were down approximately 3.7% compared to the prior fiscal year primarily due to product mix and the competitive landscape in the geomembrane market. Fourth quarter fiscal 2017 sales volume was up 34.0% compared to fourth quarter fiscal 2016. Fourth quarter average selling prices increased 1.3% year-over-year.
Gross margin. Fiscal 2017 gross margin was 21.2%, 1.8 percentage points higher than the prior fiscal year. During fiscal 2017 fourth quarter, the gross margin was 20.5% compared to 15.0% in the prior year fourth quarter. The increase for both periods was primarily the result of higher sales volume. Due to the existing available capacity of the facilities, the increase in sales volume did not require a commensurate increase in costs in fiscal 2017. In addition, benefits from value engineering, reformulation efforts, pricing discipline, and favorable raw material cost developments also benefited gross margin.
Operating expenses. Fiscal 2017 operating expenses, as a percentage of net sales, decreased to 4.6%, from 5.5% in the prior year. Sales volume increased while selling expense decreased compared to fiscal year 2016 as a result of cost control measures and lower bad debt expense.

Aerostar
Aerostar serves the aerospace/aerospace and defense radar and commercial lighter-than-air markets. Aerostar had also provided significant contract manufacturingAerostar's core products include high-altitude stratospheric platforms, technical services, in the past, but largely exited this business in fiscal 2016. Aerostar designs and manufactures proprietary products including high-altitude (stratospheric) balloon systems, tethered aerostats, and radar systems. These products can be integrated with additional third-party sensors to provide research, communications, and situational awareness capabilities to governmental and commercial customers. Aerostar pursues product and support services contracts for agencies and instrumentalities of the U.S. and foreign governments.
For the years ended January 31,
(dollars in thousands)2021% change2020
Net sales$53,343 (2.0)%$54,443 
Gross profit17,673 (20.5)%22,222 
Gross margin33.1 %40.8 %
Operating expenses$13,274 (2.6)%$13,625 
Operating expenses as % of sales24.9 %25.0 %
Operating income(a)
$4,399 (48.8)%$8,597 
Operating margin8.2 %15.8 %
(a) At the segment level, operating income does not include an allocation of general and administrative expenses.
  For the years ended January 31,
(dollars in thousands) 2018 % change 2017 % change 2016
Net sales $39,915
 17.0 % $34,113
 (6.2)% $36,368
Gross profit 10,608
 99.4 % 5,319
 (32.1)% 7,838
Gross margin 26.6%   15.6 %   21.6 %
Operating expenses $6,486
 (4.5%) $6,792
 (7.2)% $7,316
Operating expenses as % of sales 16.2%   19.9 %   20.1 %
Goodwill and long-lived asset impairment loss $
   $87
   $15,323
Operating (loss) income(a)
 4,122
 (364.2)% (1,560) (89.5)% (14,801)
Operating margin 10.3%   (4.6)%   (40.7)%
Aerostar net sales, excluding
    contract manufacturing sales(b)
 NMF NMF NMF
 NMF
 $31,667
(a) At the segment level, operating (loss) income does not include an allocation of general and administrative expenses.
(b) Reduction of contract manufacturing was largely completed in fiscal 2016; measure is not meaningful (NMF) for comparisons in subsequent fiscal periods.



Net sales increased 17.0%for fiscal 2021 decreased 2.0% to $39.9$53.3 million from last year’s net sales of $34.1$54.4 million. Operating income was $4.1decreased $4.2 million up $5.7to $4.4 million in fiscal 2021 compared to the$8.6 million in fiscal 2017 operating loss of $1.6 million. Higher sales volume and the absence of inventory write-downs, which lowered prior year results by $2.3 million, drove the improved profitability.2020.

Fiscal 2018 fourth quarter net sales increased $1.0 million, or 11.8%,2021 results compared to $9.8 million. Aerostar's operating income for the fiscal 2018 fourth quarter was essentially break-even. This is down $0.2 million compared with the prior year fourth quarter.

Fiscal 2018 comparative2020 results were primarily driven by the following factors:

Market conditions. Aerostar's markets are subject to significant variability due to government spending and the timing of contract awards. Aerostar is also pioneering new markets with leading-edge applications of its stratospheric balloons and remains in active collaboration with Google on Project Loon. Project Loon is a program to provide high-speed wireless Internet accessibility and telecommunications to rural, remote, and under-served areas of the world. During fiscal 2018 Aerostar had several new contract wins further expanding the market for its stratospheric balloons.
Sales volume. The increase was principally driven by higher sales of stratospheric balloons and radar systems.
Gross margin. For fiscal 2018, gross margin increased 11.0 percentage points compared to the prior fiscal year. The improved profitability was driven by higher sales volume, and the absence of inventory write-downs, which lowered prior year results by $2.3 million.
Operating expenses. Operating expenses as a percentage of net sales decreased 3.7 percentage points compared to prior fiscal year. Fiscal 2018 operating expenses were $6.5 million, or 16.2% of net sales, compared to operating expenses of $6.8 million, or 19.9% of net sales in fiscal 2017.

Fiscal 2017Market conditions. Aerostar's markets are subject to significant fluctuation in demand due to the timing of contract awards and unpredictability surrounding government spending. While it is particularly challenging to measure market share information for the Aerostar division and the Company does not model comparative market share position for any of its operating divisions, the Company believes that Aerostar has maintained its market share during fiscal 2021.
Sales volume. The decrease in net sales declined 6.2% to $34.1 million from fiscal 2016 netwas driven by sales of $36.4 million. Fiscal 2017 operating loss was $1.6 million, up $13.2 million, compared to fiscal 2016 operating loss of $14.8 million. Fiscal 2016 resultsdeclines in stratospheric platforms and radar products. Radar products were impacted by a reduction in the Vista goodwillscope of the products and long-lived asset impairments and associated financial impacts. Excluding these Vistaservices related items, adjusted operating incometo the five-year $36 million radar systems contract awarded in fiscal 2016 was $1.2 million,2019. Partially offsetting these declines were an increase in deliveries on the aerostat contract awarded in fiscal 2020.
Gross margin. For fiscal 2021, gross margin decreased 7.7 percentage points compared to the prior fiscal year. The decrease in gross margin was driven predominately by an operating lossunfavorable sales mix and higher materials and overhead expenses, as well as $0.5 million of $1.6 millioninventory write downs for fiscal 2017,radar products.
Operating expenses. Operating expenses as a declinepercentage of $2.8 million an adjusted basis.

Fiscal 2017 fourth quarter net sales declined $0.2decreased 0.1 percentage points compared to the prior year. Fiscal 2021 operating expenses were $13.3 million, or 2.5%, to $8.8 million24.9% of net sales, compared to operating expenses of $13.6 million, or 25.0% of net sales in fiscal 2016 fourth quarter results. Aerostar reported2020. The division's research and development expenses increased as it continues investing in stratospheric systems that are expected to drive long-term growth. This increase was more than offset by a fiscal 2017 fourth quarter operating income of $0.2 million, flat comparedreduction in selling expenditures associated with the prior year fourth quarter.lower sales volume.

Fiscal 2017 comparative results were primarily driven by the following factors:

Market conditions. Aerostar is experiencing delays and uncertainties regarding certain opportunities important to the division's growth strategy, and some of Aerostar's markets are subject to significant variability due to government spending and the timing of contract awards. Aerostar is pioneering new markets with leading-edge applications of its high-altitude balloons and remains in active collaboration with Google on Project Loon. Project Loon is a program to provide high-speed wireless Internet accessibility and telecommunications to rural, remote, and under-served areas of the world.
Sales volume. Fiscal 2017 net sales decreased $2.3 million from the prior year, a year-over-year decrease of 6.2%. The decline was principally driven by lower aerostat sales due to the timing of deliveries. This was partially offset by higher sales of stratospheric balloons for Project Loon and other customers newly established in fiscal 2017.
Gross margin. For fiscal 2017, gross margin decreased 6.0 percentage points compared to the prior fiscal year. Fiscal 2017 gross margin decline was primarily driven by lower sales volume and $2.3 million of inventory write-downs related to certain radar systems discussed in more detail in Note 7 Goodwill, Long-lived Assets, and Other Charges of the Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements, offset somewhat by a $1.3 million reduction in depreciation and amortization expense due to the long-lived asset impairment charges recorded in fiscal 2016.
Goodwill and long-lived asset impairment loss. In fiscal 2016, Aerostar recorded a goodwill impairment loss of $11.5 million and a long-lived asset impairment loss of $3.8 million. These impairment charges were recorded in the Vista reporting unit and are described more fully in Note 7 Goodwill, Long-lived Assets, and Other Charges of the Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements. As also described in Note 7 Goodwill, Long-lived Assets, and Other Charges, a $0.1 million long-lived asset impairment loss was recorded in fiscal 2017 on the Radar asset group. Expense control measures executed throughout fiscal year 2017 reduced operating expenses year-over-year.
Operating expenses. Operating expenses as a percentage of net sales was essentially flat year-over-year. Fiscal 2017 operating expenses of $6.8 million were 19.9% of net sales compared to operating expenses of $7.3 million, equivalent to 20.1% of net sales in fiscal 2016.
Aerostar adjusted operating income. Aerostar reported an operating loss of $1.6 million in fiscal 2017 compared to an operating loss of $14.8 million in fiscal 2016. The fiscal 2016 results were impacted by the Vista goodwill and long-lived asset impairments and associated financial impacts. Excluding these Vista related items, adjusted operating income in fiscal 2016 was $1.2 million, compared to an operating loss of $1.6 million for fiscal 2017, a decline of $2.8 million on an adjusted basis. This decline in operating income was primarily driven by lower sales volume and $2.3 million of inventory write-downs related to certain radar systems, offset somewhat by a $1.3 million reduction in depreciation and amortization expense due to the long-lived asset impairment charges recorded in fiscal 2016.

22


Corporate Expenses (administrative expenses; other income (expense), net; and effective tax rate)
For the years ended January 31,
(dollars in thousands)20212020
Administrative expenses$27,031 $28,025 
Administrative expenses as a % of sales7.8 %7.3 %
Other income (expense), net$(476)$95 
Effective tax rate2.1 %13.5 %
  For the years ended January 31,
(dollars in thousands) 2018
2017 2016
Administrative expenses $23,553
 $19,624
 $17,110
Administrative expenses as a % of sales 6.2% 7.1% 6.6 %
Other (expense), net $(184) $(560) $(310)
Effective tax rate 30.5% 27.5% (18.8)%


Administrative expenses increased $3.9decreased $1.0 million in fiscal 20182021 compared withto fiscal 2017. The increase is primarily2020. Increased focus on reducing expenditures in response to the pandemic drove down costs, including lower travel expenses due to higher head countcompany-wide travel restrictions and incentive compensation, due diligencelower consulting and professional services. Lower administrative expenses were also attributable to a reduction of Project Atlas expenditures of $0.6 million year-over-year. Project Atlas related expenses for CLI and the evaluation of other acquisition targets, and costs incurred for Project Atlas. Project Atlas is a strategic long-term investment to replace the Company’s existing enterprise resource planning platform. Costs incurred related to Project Atlas were $0.6$2.1 million and $0.9$2.7 million for the three-in fiscal 2021 and twelve-month periods ended January 31, 2018.fiscal 2020, respectively.

Other income (expense), net consists primarily of activity related to the Company's equity investments, interest income, foreign currency transaction gains or losses, amortization of debt issuance costs, and other fees related to the Company's credit facility further described in Note 11 Financing Arrangements "Debt" of the Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements. It declined $0.4 millionThere were no significant items in other income (expense), net for fiscal 2018 due to a combination of higher interest income and lower amortization expense related to an equity method investment.2021 or fiscal 2020.

The Company's fiscal 20182021 effective tax rate was 30.5%2.1% compared to 27.5%13.5% in the prior year. The differencedecrease in the effective tax rate isfor fiscal 2021 was driven primarily due to higher pre-tax incomeby the decrease in the current year andprofitability that resulted in a higher R&D tax credit as a percentage of pre-tax income. For further information regarding the recognition of discretechange in effective tax expense relatedrates, refer to the Company's adoption of ASU 2016-09 in fiscal 2018 as further discussed in Note 110 Summary of Significant Accounting"Policies Income Taxes" of the Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements. This ASU requires that the tax effects resulting from the settlement of stock-based awards be recognized as a discrete income tax expense or benefit in the income statement in the reporting period in which they occur. Additionally, the TCJA, effective January 1, 2018, lowered the Company's U.S. federal statutory tax rate by 1.2 percentage points for the fiscal year. The TCJA reduces the U.S. federal statutory tax rate to 21% for fiscal 2019.

The effective tax rate and other items causing the effective tax rate to differ from the statutory tax rate are more fully described in Note 10 Income Taxes of the Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements. For fiscal year 2019, the Company expects a consolidated effective tax rate of approximately 21%, excluding discrete items.

LIQUIDITY AND CAPITAL RESOURCES

The Company's balance sheet continues to reflect significant liquidity and a strong capital base. Management focuses on the current cash balance and operating cash flows in considering liquidity, as operating cash flows have historically been the Company's primary source of liquidity. Management expects that current cash, combined with the generation of positive operating cash flows and credit facility access, will be sufficient to fund the Company's normal operating, investing, and financing activities beyond the next twelve months. Additionally,

In addition, the Company has a $100 million senior revolving credit facility of upwhich includes a $100 million borrowing availability expansion feature. If executed, this allows the Company’s total borrowing capacity to $125.0 million withreach $200 million. This credit facility has a maturity date of April 15, 2020.September 20, 2022.

The Company’s cash balances and cash flows were as follows:
For the years ended January 31,
(dollars in thousands)20212020
Cash and cash equivalents$32,938 $20,707 
  As of January 31,
(dollars in thousands) 2018 2017 2016
Cash and cash equivalents $40,535
 $50,648
 $33,782

For the years ended January 31,
(dollars in thousands)20212020
Cash provided by operating activities$55,472 $54,872 
Cash used in investing activities(15,913)(58,609)
Cash used in financing activities(27,131)(40,887)
Effect of exchange rate changes on cash and cash equivalents(197)(456)
Net increase (decrease) in cash and cash equivalents$12,231 $(45,080)
  For the years ended January 31,
(dollars in thousands) 2018 2017 2016
Cash provided by operating activities $44,961
 $48,636
 $44,008
Cash used in investing activities (25,675) (4,642) (11,074)
Cash used in financing activities (29,721) (27,151) (50,684)
Effect of exchange rate changes on cash and cash equivalents 322
 23
 (417)
Net increase (decrease) in cash and cash equivalents $(10,113) $16,866
 $(18,167)


Cash and cash equivalents totaled $40.5$32.9 million at January 31, 20182021, compared to $50.6$20.7 million at January 31, 2017, a decrease2020, an increase of $10.1$12.2 million. The decrease from fiscal 2017 year-endsequential increase in cash was primarily driven by an increased focus on lowering net working capital during the pandemic, as well as the Company's decision to indefinitely suspend the quarterly cash outlays for the acquisition of CLI and share repurchases, partially offset by strong operating cash flows.dividend on its common stock.
23


At January 31, 20182021, the Company held cash and cash equivalents of $4.1$2.2 million in accounts outside the United States. These balances included undistributed earnings of foreign subsidiaries. As of January 31, 2018,2021, the Company has recorded United Statesno deferred tax liability recognized relating to the Company’s investment in foreign subsidiaries where the earnings have been indefinitely reinvested. The Tax Cuts and Jobs Act (TCJA) generally eliminates U.S. federal income taxes of $0.3 million on $3.2 million ofdividends from foreign subsidiaries, and as a result, the accumulated undistributed earnings from its Canadianwould only be subject to other taxes, such as withholding taxes and European subsidiaries. As a resultstate income taxes, on distribution of the TCJA, we can repatriate our cumulativesuch earnings. No additional withholding or income taxes has been provided for any remaining undistributed earnings back to the U.S. when needed with minimal U.S. income tax consequences other than the transition tax.  We plan to reinvest our foreign earnings internationally, but will continue to assess if there is a need in the future to bring back a portion of foreign cash which wasnot subject to the transition tax. Ourone-time deemed repatriation tax, as it is the Company’s intention for these amounts to continue to be indefinitely reinvested in foreign operations. The Company’s liquidity is not materially impacted by the amount held in accounts outside of the United States as the Company's operating cash flows are primarily driven by U.S. sources.

Operating Activities
Operating cash flows result primarily from cash received from customers, which is offset by cash payments for inventories, services, and employee compensation, and income taxes.compensation. Cash provided by operating activities was $45.0$55.5 million in fiscal 2018 compared with $48.62021 and $54.9 million in fiscal 2017.2020. The $3.6$0.6 million decreaseincrease in operating cash flows year-over-yearin fiscal 2021 as compared to fiscal 2020 is primarily due to the increase in an increased focus on lower net working capital demands.during the pandemic.

The Company's cash needs have minimal seasonal trends. As a result, the discussion of trends in operating cash flows focuses on the primary drivers of year-over-year variability in net working capital. Net working capital and net working capital percentage are metrics used by management as a guide in measuring the efficient use of cash resources to support business activities and growth. The Company's net working capital for the comparative periods was as follows:
For the years ended January 31,
(dollars in thousands)20212020
Accounts receivable, net$48,669 $62,552 
Plus: Inventories, net52,703 53,899 
Less: Accounts payable18,639 14,893 
Net working capital(a)
$82,733 $101,558 
Annualized net sales(b)
$320,308 $343,044 
Net working capital percentage(c)
25.8 %29.6 %
(a) Net working capital is defined as accounts receivable, net plus inventories, net less accounts payable.
(b) Annualized net sales is defined as fourth quarter net sales during the applicable fiscal year multiplied by four.
(c) Net working capital percentage is defined as net working capital divided by annualized net sales.
  As of January 31,
(dollars in thousands) 2018 2017 2016
Accounts receivable, net $58,532
 $43,143
 $38,069
Plus: Inventories 55,351
 42,336
 45,839
Less: Accounts payable 13,106
 8,467
 6,038
Net working capital(a)
 $100,777
 $77,012
 $77,870
       
Net working capital percentage(b)
 26.3% 27.9% 36.9%
(b) Net working capital is defined as accounts receivable (net) plus inventories less accounts payable.
(b) Net working capital percentage is defined as net working capital divided by fourth quarter net sales times four for each of the fiscal years, respectively.

Net working capital percentage improved from 29.6% at January 31, 2020, to 25.8% at January 31, 2021. The Company's continued focus on maintaining lower net working capital percentage decreased from 27.9%during the pandemic drove the year-over-year change. The Company lowered inventory levels at January 31, 2017Engineered Films to 26.3% at January 31, 2018. The decrease was
driven by analign with expected sales, while the increase in accounts payable balances as well as managing inventory levelswas due to timing of purchases and receivablesthe optimization of payment terms, proactively with the substantial increaseincluding forgoing early-payment discounts during most of fiscal year 2021. The decrease in sales versus the prior year. The Company has placed emphasis on managing efficient levels of inventory. Similar emphasis was placed on managing accounts payable terms and to a lesser extent, accounts receivable termswas driven by a combination of the timing and collections.fulfillment of sales orders during the fourth quarter and lower sales volume year-over-year.

Inventory levels decreasedwere down $1.2 million, or 2.2% from $45.8$53.9 million at January 31, 20162020, to $42.3$52.7 million at January 31, 2017 driven by focused inventory reduction actions in the Applied Technology and Engineered Films divisions as well as the inventory write-downs for certain radar inventory in the third quarter of fiscal 2017. Conversely, inventory levels increased $13.0 million, or 30.7% from $42.3 million at January 31, 2017 to $55.4 million at January 31, 2018.2021. In comparison, net sales increased $26.9decreased $5.7 million or 39.0% year-over year6.6% year-over-year in the fourth quarter. The increasedecrease in inventory was primarily driven by growth in net sales and backlog in the Engineered Films Division, offset somewhat by actions to reducedivision improving operational efficiency and aligning inventory levels in all three divisions.with corresponding expected sales.

Accounts receivable levels increased $5.1decreased $13.9 million, or 13.3%,22.2% from $38.1$62.6 million at January 31, 20162020, to $43.1$48.7 million at January 31, 2017 due primarily to increased2021. In comparison, net sales volume. Accounts receivable levels increased $15.4decreased $5.7 million or 35.7% from $43.16.6% year-over-year in the fourth quarter. The decrease in accounts receivable was driven by a combination of the timing and fulfillment of sales orders during the fourth quarter and lower sales volume year-over-year. In addition, a decrease in unbilled receivables for Aerostar due to timing of billings and fulfillment of certain service contracts contributed to the decrease.

Accounts payable increased $3.7 million, or 25.2% to $18.6 million at January 31, 2017 to $58.52021, from $14.9 million at January 31, 2018. In comparison net sales increased $26.9 million or 39.0% year-over year2020. The timing of purchases and related payments in the fourth quarter.

Accounts Payable increased $2.4 million, or 40.2%, year-over-year from $6.0 million at January 31, 2016quarter of fiscal 2021 compared to $8.5 million at January 31, 2017, primarily due to improvement in the timingfourth quarter of payments to suppliers. Accounts payable increased $4.6 million, or 54.8% to $13.1 million at January 31, 2018 from $8.5 million at January 31, 2017. This increase was due to improved timing of payments to suppliers,fiscal 2020, as well as additional purchasesforgoing early-payment discounts for most of raw materialsfiscal year 2021, led to support thean increase in salesthe accounts payable balance year-over-year.


24


Investing Activities
Cash used in investing activities totaled $25.7$15.9 million in fiscal 2018, $4.62021 and $58.6 million in fiscal 2017, and $11.12020. Capital expenditures totaled $16.1 million in fiscal 2016. Capital expenditures totaled $12.02021 compared to $8.6 million in fiscal 2018 compared to $4.8 million in fiscal 2017 and $13.0 million in fiscal 2016.2020. The primary drivers of the increasedecrease in cash outflows in fiscal 2018 cash outflows2021 were payments related to the acquisitionacquisitions of CLI, as further describedSmart Ag and DOT in Note 6 Acquisitions of and Investments in Businesses and Technologies of the Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements included in Item 8 of this Form 10-K, and increased capital expenditures. Net capital outlay related to the CLI business acquisition was $13.3 million.prior fiscal year. There were no businesses acquiredbusiness acquisitions in fiscal year 2017 or 2016. Capital expenditures in fiscal year 2018 included $1.7 million for the Pleasanton, Texas facility purchased by Engineered Films in the first quarter. In addition, $3.3 million of costs were capitalized in the fourth quarter for a new extrusion line to expand capacity within the Engineered Films division. The installation of this line will continue throughout most of fiscal 2019.2021.

Fiscal 2017 spending primarily related to maintenance activities. Due to the existing available capacity of the facilities as the result of meaningful capacity additions in prior years, the increase in sales volume in fiscal 2017 did not require capital expenditures for new capacity. Fiscal 2017 also benefited from $1.2 million in cash provided by the disposal of assets, most of which related to selling the Company's idle St. Louis, Missouri facility. There was $2.1 million of cash flows from the disposal of assets in fiscal 2016.

Management anticipates capital spending of approximately $22 $18.0 million in fiscal 2019. The increase over fiscal 2018 will2022 primarily be driven by installationfor facility expansion and capital investments in Engineered Films and Applied Technology to support the growth of a new production line for Engineered Films.Raven Composites™ and Raven Autonomy™.

Financing Activities
Financing activities consumed cash of $29.7$27.1 million in fiscal 20182021 compared with $27.2$40.9 million in fiscal 20172020. The decrease in financing cash outflows was driven by the suspension of the dividend during the current year and $50.7share repurchases in the prior year. The payment of $17.9 million in fiscal 2016.2021 related to the redemption of the noncontrolling interest in DOT, partially offset the aforementioned changes.

Quarterly dividendsDividends paid were $9.3 million and $18.7 million in fiscal 2018 were $18.7 million, or $0.52years 2021 and 2020, respectively. On August 26, 2020, the Company announced that the Board of Directors indefinitely suspended the Company’s regular quarterly cash dividend on its common stock. The Company intends to reallocate this capital to supplement and accelerate investments in the Company's Strategic Platforms for Growth; Raven Autonomy™ and Raven Composites™. Dividends per share compared to $18.8 million, orwere $0.26 and $0.52 share, in fiscal 2017years 2021 and $19.4 million, or $0.52 share, in fiscal 2016.2020, respectively.

In fiscal 2016, the Company began to repurchase common shares as part of the $40.0 million share repurchase plan authorized by the Company’s Board of Directors. Since that time, the Board has provided additional authorizations bringing the total amount authorized under the plan to $75.0 million at January 31, 2018.2021. The Company paid $10.0 million, $7.7 million and $29.3 million for made no share repurchases in fiscal 2018, 2017 and 2016, respectively.2021, however share repurchases totaling $10.8 million were made in fiscal 2020. Approximately $28.0$17.2 million of the total authorization is remains available for share repurchases under this plan as of January 31, 2018.

The Company made $0.4 million, $0.4 million, and $0.8 million of acquisition-related contingent liability payments related to the Vista and SBG acquisitions in fiscal 2018, 2017, and 2016, respectively.
2021.
During fiscal 2016, the Company paid $0.5 million of debt issuance costs associated with the Credit Agreement discussed further in Note 11
Financing Arrangements of the Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements and below. No debt issuance costs were paid during fiscal 2018 or fiscal 2017. No borrowings or repayment have occurred on the Credit Agreement during any of fiscal periods reported.

Financing cash outflows included $0.2 million, $0.3 million and $0.5 million, of employee taxes in relation to the net settlement of restricted stock units (RSUs) that vested during fiscal years 2018, 2017 and 2016, respectively.

Other Liquidity and Capital Resources
TheIn fiscal 2020, the Company entered into areplaced its previous credit facility on April 15, 2015 (Credit Agreement) which provides forwith a syndicatedthree-year $100 million senior revolving credit facility up to $125.0which includes a $100 million with a maturity date of April 15, 2020.borrowing availability expansion feature. This Credit Agreement is more fully described in Note 11 Financing Arrangements"Debt" of the Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements. There were no borrowings outstanding at fiscal year-end for any of the fiscal periods covered by this Form 10-K. Availability under the Credit Agreement for borrowings as of January 31, 20182021, was $124.0$100 million.

Letters of credit (LOC) totaling $0.1 million and $0.1 million were outstanding at January 31, 2021 and 2020. Any draws required under the LOCs would be settled with available cash or borrowings under the Credit Agreement.

The Credit Agreement contains customary affirmative and negative covenants, including those relating to financial reporting and notification, limits on levels of indebtedness and liens, investments, mergers and acquisitions, affiliate transactions, sales of assets, restrictive agreements, and change in control as defined in the Credit Agreement. The Company requested and received the necessary covenant waivers relating to its late filing of financial information in fiscal 2017. Financial covenants include an interest coverage ratio and funded indebtedness to earnings before interest, taxes, depreciation, and amortization as defined in the Credit Agreement. The Company is in compliance with all financial covenants set forth in the Credit Agreement.


Letters of credit (LOC) totaling $1.1 million and $0.5 million were outstanding at January 31, 2018 and 2017. Any draws required under the LOCs would be settled with available cash or borrowings under the Credit Agreement.

The Company launched a company-wide initiative during the third quarter of fiscal 2018 called Project Atlas. This is a strategic and long-term investment to replace the Company’s existing enterprise resource planningERP platform. This investment will drive efficiencies across the enterprise, enable faster integration of future acquisitions, automate a significant portion of internal controls, and enhance the enterprise’sCompany's execution of its long-term growth strategy. Project AtlasEngineered Films and Aerostar went live on the Company's new ERP platform in fiscal 2020. Applied Technology is expected to takego live in fiscal year 2022. The total project is expected to cost approximately three years to complete and cost between $8 and $10$12 million. The companyCompany recognized $0.6$2.1 million and $0.9$2.7 million in fiscal years 2021 and2020, respectively, of expenses for Project Atlas in the three- and twelve-month periods ended January 31, 2018.Atlas. Project Atlas spending is expected to be approximately $1approximately $2.0 million per quarter in fiscal year 2019.2022.

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OFF-BALANCE SHEET ARRANGEMENTS AND CONTRACTUAL OBLIGATIONS

As of January 31, 2018,2021, the Company is obligated to make cash payments in connection with its non-cancelable operating leases for facilities and equipment, capitalfinancing lease obligations and unconditional purchase obligations, primarily for raw materials. Additionally, the Company's known off-balance sheet debt and other unrecorded obligations at January 31, 20182021, are listed in the table below.
(dollars in thousands) Total 
Less than
1 year
 
1-3
years
 
3-5
years
 
More than
5 years
Credit facility(a)
 $485
 $211
 $274
 $
 $
Capital lease obligations 528
 237
 259
 32
 
Operating leases 6,655
 2,012
 3,705
 938
 
Unconditional purchase obligations 33,874
 33,874
 
 
 
Postretirement benefits(b)
 18,066
 313
 655
 688
 16,410
Acquisition-related contingent payments(c)
 3,835
 1,278
 2,518
 39
 
Uncertain tax positions(d)
 2,634
 
 
 
 
  $66,077
 $37,925
 $7,411
 $1,697
 $16,410
(a) 
Amounts reflect administrative and unborrowed capacity fees under the credit facility described below.
(b) 
Postretirement benefit amounts represent expected payments on the accumulated postretirement benefit obligation before it is discounted.
(c) 
Amounts reflect the expected future earn-out payments related to the acquisitions of CLI, SBG, and Vista. These amounts also reflect the Vista employee bonus pool payments which are separate from the acquisition earn-out payments. Actual payments on these obligations may vary from the expected amounts since the total payment amount due depends upon certain future conditions. See below for further detail on the specific obligations.
(d) 
See below for further details on specific obligations.
(dollars in thousands)Total
Less than
1 year
2-3
years
4-5
years
More than
5 years
Long term notes and credit facility$2,124 $85 $2,039 $— $— 
Financing lease obligations774 377 374 23 — 
Operating leases7,703 2,308 2,844 2,115 436 
Unconditional purchase obligations39,519 39,519 — — — 
Postretirement benefits15,486 369 756 762 13,599 
Acquisition-related contingent payments2,000 2,000 — — — 
Contractual Gift Agreement2,140 715 1,425 — — 
Redeemable noncontrolling interest5,333 5,333 — — — 
Uncertain tax positions2,692 — — — — 
$77,771 $50,706 $7,438 $2,900 $14,035 

CreditLong-term notes and credit facility
The Company'sCompany entered into a credit facility the Credit Agreement dated ason September 20, 2019, with Bank of April 15, 2015 among Raven Industries, Inc.America, N. A., JPMorgan Chase Bank, N.A., Toronto Branch as Canadian Administrative Agent, JPMorgan Chase Bank, National Association, as administrative agent, and each lender from time to time party theretoWells Fargo Bank, National Association (the Credit Agreement),. The Credit Agreement provides for a syndicated senior revolving credit facility up to $125.0$100 million with a maturity date of April 15, 2020. The loanSeptember 20, 2022. Loan proceeds may be utilized by Raven for strategic business purposes, such as business acquisitions, and for net working capital needs.

Loans or borrowings defined under the Credit Agreement bear interest and fees at varying rates and terms defined in the Credit Agreement based on the type of borrowing as defined. The Credit Agreement includes annual administrative and unborrowed capacity fees of $0.2 million.

Capital lease obligations
Related to the fiscal year 2018 asset acquisition of CLI further described in Note 6 Acquisition of and Investments in Businesses and Technologies of the Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements, the Company has future obligations for a fleet of vehicles held under capital leases to support Engineered Film's new design-build and installation service capabilities.

Operating Leases
The Company is party to a financial assistance agreement (Agreement) between DOT and Western Economic Diversification Canada (WEDC), a government agency in Canada, that was entered into in August 2019. Under the Agreement, the WEDC agrees to contribute up to $5.0 million in Canadian currency, approximately $4.0 million in US dollars, over a three year period for costs incurred to develop a cloud-based distribution and service channel for a particular DOT product being developed. DOT is eligible to receive contributions for costs incurred for purposes specified in the Agreement. The Company is required to repay the funds contributed by WEDC in 60 monthly installments commencing April 1, 2023, plus interest based on an average bank rate plus three percent, accruing from the payment commencement date. As of January 31, 2021, the Company had received $2.0 million in contributions from WEDC and no repayments have been made. The outstanding liability balance is reported as "Long term debt" on the Consolidated Balance Sheets.

Lease obligations
The Company's financing lease obligations are primarily related to vehicles and equipment to support general business operations. Operating leases certain vehicles, equipment,are primarily related to facilities to support production, R&D, and facilities under operating leases. These future obligations primarily support Applied Technology's precision agriculture products and international sales efforts and Aerostar's defense, radar and lighter-than-air markets.efforts.


Unconditional purchase obligations
Unconditional purchase obligations consist of those for inventory and other obligations that arise in the normal course of business operations. The majority of these obligations are related to the purchase of raw material inventories in the Applied Technology and Engineered Films divisions and arise from the purchase of raw materials inventory.divisions.

Postretirement Benefit Obligation,benefit obligation
In fiscal 2016, theThe Company eliminated this benefitpreviously provided postretirement medical and obligation for all of itsother benefits to certain senior executive officers and their spouses except two officers with over 20 years of service. senior managers. At January 31, 2018 two active2021, sixteen participants and 15 retiree participants and their spouses remainremained eligible to receive postretirement medical and other benefits for their lifetimes. Postretirement benefit amounts presented in the table above represent expected payments on the accumulated postretirement benefit obligation before it is discounted. This benefit obligation is unfunded and is further described in Note 8 Employee"Employee Postretirement BenefitsBenefits" of the Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements.

Acquisition-related obligations
The Company has a future obligationsobligation for earn-out payments associated with the acquisition of VistaAgSync, completed in fiscal 2012, SBG completed in fiscal 2015 and CLI completed in fiscal 2018.2019. The total liability recorded on the Consolidated Balance SheetSheets as of January 31, 20182021, related to thesethis future obligationsobligation was $3.0 million, of which $1.0 million was classified as "Accrued liabilities" and $2.0 million as "Other liabilities." These liabilities representmillion. The liability recorded represents the present value of earn-out payments classified as consideration at the acquisition date. In

26


Contractual gift agreement
The Company has future obligations related to a gift agreement with the recent CLI acquisition,South Dakota State University (SDSU) Foundation, Inc. (the Foundation) effective in January 2018. This gift will be used by SDSU, located in Brookings, SD, for the establishment of a precision agriculture facility to support SDSU's Precision Agriculture degrees and curriculum. This facility will assist the Company entered intoin further collaboration with faculty, staff, and students on emerging technology in support of the growing need for precision agriculture practices and tools. The Company will make a contingent earn-out agreement, not$5.0 million gift to exceedthe Foundation in annual installments throughout the term of the agreement. The liability recorded for this contingency at January 31, 2021, was $2.0 million.million (measured based on the present value of the expected future cash outflows).

Redeemable noncontrolling interest
Related to the Company’s majority ownership in DOT, the Company had call rights to purchase shares held by the noncontrolling interest shareholders at a price defined in the purchase agreement. The earn-out is paid annually for 3 yearsnoncontrolling interest shareholders also had put rights allowing them to sell their minority interest back to the Company at a price derived from a specific formula. Due to the redemption features in these put rights, the minority interest shareholders’ value of shares owned was classified as a redeemable noncontrolling interest in the Company’s Consolidated Balance Sheets at January 31, 2020. During the first quarter of fiscal 2021, the Company was required to redeem the remaining noncontrolling interest in DOT after the minority interest shareholders exercised their put options. The Company closed on the transaction to purchase date, contingent upon achieving certain revenues and operational synergies. Specific to the SBG acquisition,shares of the largest minority shareholder for $17.9 million in the second quarter of fiscal 2021, giving the Company may pay up to $2.5 million in additional earn-out payments calculated and paid quarterly over 10 years contingent upon SBG achieving certain revenues. Specific to the Vista acquisition, the Company agreed to pay additional contingent consideration not to exceed $15.0 million, based upon earn-out percentages on specific revenue streams until January 31, 2019. In a transaction separate from the Vista acquisition but related to Vista, the Company agreed to a revenue-based bonus pool, also not to exceed $15.0 million, which is accruedfull voting control of DOT. The remaining redeemable amount, as well as the specific revenue streamliability for the noncontrolling interest redeemed in the prior fiscal year, totaling approximately $5.3 million, is recorded using those same earn-out percentages overpayable in November 2021 and these expected payments are reflected in the same time period.table above.

Uncertain tax positions
Raven reported a total liability for uncertain tax positions of $2.6$2.7 million at January 31, 2018.2021. The Company is not able to reasonably estimate the timing of future payments relating to these non-current tax benefits. This obligation is retired when the uncertain tax position is settled or the applicable tax year is no longer subject to examination by the tax authorities.

CRITICAL ACCOUNTING POLICIES AND ESTIMATES

Critical accounting policies are those that require the application of especially challenging, subjective, or complex judgment when valuing assets and liabilities on the Company's balance sheet. These policies and estimates are discussed below because a fluctuation in actual results versus expected results could materially affect operating results and because the policies require significant judgments and estimates to be made. Accounting related to these policies is initially based on best estimates at the time of original entry in the accounting records. Adjustments are periodically recorded when, and if, the Company's actual experience differs from the expected experienceexpectations underlying the estimates. These adjustments could be material if experience were to change significantly.

Inventory Reserves
The Company estimates inventory valuation each quarter. Typically, when a product reaches the end of its lifecycle, inventory is utilized more slowly or alternative uses for the product are explored. Management uses its manufacturing resources planning data to help determine if inventory is slow-moving or has become obsolete due to an engineering change. The Company closely reviews items that have balances in excess of the forecasted requirements, or that have been droppedvary significantly from production requirements. Despite these reviews, technological or strategic decisions made by management or the Company's customers may result in unexpected excess material. Further, a decline in the market demand for the Company's products may also result in write-down of inventory balances. The Company assesses current and expected selling prices in determining if inventory balances should be written down to net realizable value. In every Raven operating unit, management must manage obsolete inventory risk. The accounting judgment ultimately made is an evaluation of the success that management will have in controlling inventory risk and mitigating the impact of obsolescence when it does occur.

Revenue Recognition
The Company recognizes revenue when it is realized or realizable and has been earned. Revenue is recognized when there is persuasive evidence of an arrangement, the sales price is determinable, collectability is reasonably assured, and shipment or delivery has occurred (depending on the terms of the sale) or services have been rendered. The Company sells directly to customers or distributors who incur the expense and commitment for any post-sale obligations beyond stated warranty terms. Estimated returns, sales allowances, or warranty charges are recognized upon shipment of a product.



Long-lived Assets Impairment
For long-lived assets, including definite-lived intangibles, equity investments, and property plant and equipment, management tests for recoverability whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the asset's carrying amount may not be recoverable. Management periodically assesses for triggering events and discusses any significant changes in the utilization of long-lived assets, which may result from, but are not limited to, an adverse change in the asset's physical condition or a significant adverse change in the business climate. For purposes of recognition and measurement of an impairment loss, a long-lived asset is grouped with other assets and liabilities at the lowest level for which identifiable cash flows are largely independent of the cash flows of other assets and liabilities. An impairment loss is recognized when the carrying amount of an asset exceeds the estimated undiscounted cash flows used in determining its fair value. The cash flows used for this analysis are similar to those used in the goodwill impairment assessment discussed further below. Such valuations are derived from valuation techniques in which one or more significant inputs are not observable (Level 3 fair value measures).

In the quantitative analysis of the long-lived and intangible asset, the book value of the asset is compared to the undiscounted cash flows supporting the value of the asset. Projecting undiscounted future cash flows requires the Company to make significant estimates and assumptions regarding future revenues and expenses, projected capital expenditures, changes in net working capital, and allocations of certain costs.

In developing the undiscounted cash flow analysis, assumptions about the revenue growth rate, operating profit margin percentage, capital expenditures, and changes in net working capital reference our annual operating plan and long-term strategic plan, but also reflect the best available information at that time, and as appropriate, reflect market participant assumptions if such amounts might differ from the Company-specific assumptions for each of the Company’s asset groups. In addition, certain reporting unit costs which are not specific to an asset group are allocated between asset groups to estimate undiscounted cash flows at the asset group level.

If the estimated undiscounted cash flows for the asset group exceed the book value of the asset, there is no impairment. If the estimated undiscounted cash flows for the asset group are below the book value of the asset, an impairment loss is possible and a more refined measurement of the impairment loss would take place. This is the Step 2 of the long-lived and intangible asset impairment analysis in which management compares the discounted value of the cash flows of the asset group to the book value of the asset. The difference between the book value of the asset and the present value of the discounted cash flows supporting the asset group determines the amount of the asset impairment. The discount rate for the Step 2 analysis is derived in a similar manner as the discount rate used for goodwill impairment testing. The valuation methodologies in both steps of long-lived and intangible asset impairment testing use significant estimates and assumptions. Management evaluates the merits of each significant assumption and the overall basket of assumptions used to determine the fair value of the asset.

expectations.
During the first quarter of fiscal 2018, the Company determined that the customer relationship intangible asset related to the Company's equity method investment in Ag Eagle, further described in Note 7 Goodwill, Long-lived assets and Other Charges of the Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements included in Item 8 of this form 10-K, was fully impaired. The total impairment loss related to this intangible asset was $0.3 million and is reported in "Long-lived asset impairment loss" in the Consolidated Statements of Income and Comprehensive Income for the twelve-month period ended January 31, 2018.
In fiscal 2017, as discussed below, the Company determined that there were triggering events with respect to the assets associated with the Lighter than Air (aerostat and stratospheric balloon programs) and Radar asset groups in the Aerostar reporting unit in the third quarter, which resulted in an asset impairment test. The asset impairment test with respect to the Radar asset group resulted in a long-lived asset impairment in the third quarter of fiscal 2017 in addition to the impairments recorded in fiscal 2016 for the Radar asset group.
During fiscal 2016, the Company determined that there were triggering events with respect to the Engineered Films asset group in the second quarter and the client private business (CP) and Radar asset groups in the Vista reporting unit in the third quarter, each of which resulted in an asset impairment test. The undiscounted cash flows for the Engineered Films asset group exceeded the carrying value of the long-lived assets by more than $100 million, or approximately 800%, and no Step 2 was deemed to be necessary based on the recoverability of the long-lived assets.
For the two asset groups associated with the Vista reporting unit (CP and Radar), using the sum of the undiscounted cash flows associated with each of the asset groups, a quantitative test was performed for each asset group. The undiscounted cash flows for the CP asset group exceeded the carrying value of the long-lived assets and no Step 2 test was deemed to be necessary based on the recoverability of the long-lived assets. For the Radar asset group, however, the undiscounted cash flows did not exceed the carrying value of the long-lived assets and the Company performed a Step 2 impairment analysis for the long-lived assets. In the Step 2 impairment analysis, the fair value determined was allocated to the assets and liabilities of the Radar asset group. The resulting implied fair value of the Radar asset group long-lived assets was $0.1 million compared to the carrying value of $3.9 million for the asset group. The shortfall of $3.8 million was recorded in the fiscal 2016 third quarter as an impairment charge to

operating income reported as "Long-lived asset impairment loss" in the Consolidated Statements of Income and Comprehensive Income. Of the total long-lived asset impairment of $3.8 million, $3.2 million was related to amortizable intangible assets related to radar technology and radar customers, $0.5 million was related to property, plant, and equipment, and $0.1 million was related to patents.

Goodwill Impairment
The Company recognizes goodwill as the excess cost of an acquired business over the net amount assigned to assets acquired and liabilities assumed. Management assesses goodwillGoodwill for each reporting unit is assessed for impairment annually during the fourth quarter and between annual tests whenever a triggering event indicates there may be an impairment. When performing goodwill impairment testing, the fair values of reporting units are determined based on valuation techniques using the best available information, primarily discounted cash flow projections. Such valuations are derived from valuation techniques in which one or more significant inputs are not observable (Level 3 fair value measures).

The Company performs impairment reviews of goodwill by reporting unit. ThroughAt the November 30th annual measurement date for fiscal 2016,2021, the Company determined it hadidentified four reporting units: Engineered Films, Division; Applied Technology Division;(excluding Autonomy), Autonomy, and two separate reporting units inAerostar.

The Company has the Aerostar Division, oneoption to perform a qualitative assessment to determine whether it is necessary to perform the quantitative goodwill impairment test. However, we may elect to perform the quantitative goodwill impairment test even if no indications of which was Vista and one of which was all other Aerostar operations.a potential impairment exist.

During the first quarter of fiscal 2017, management implemented managerial and financial reporting changes within Vista and Aerostar to further integrate Vista into the Aerostar Division. Integration actions included leadership re-alignment, including selling and business development functions, re-deployment of employees across the division, and consolidation of administrative functions, among other actions. Based on the changes made,If the Company consolidated the two separate reporting units within the Aerostar Division into one reporting unit for the purposes of goodwill impairment review. As such as of April 30, 2016, the Company has three reporting units: Engineered Films Division, Applied Technology Division, and Aerostar Division.

In step one of the goodwill impairment analysis (quantitative analysis),performs a quantitative assessment, the fair value of each reporting unit is determined using a discounted cash flow analysis.analysis and market approach. Projecting discounted future cash flows requires the Company to make significant estimates and assumptions regarding future revenues and expenses, projected capital expenditures, changes in net working capital, and the appropriate discount rate.
In developing the discounted cash flow analysis, assumptions about theregarding revenue growth rate,rates, operating profit margin percentage,percentages, capital expenditures, and changes in net working capital reference ourboth the Company's annual operating plan (budget) and long-term strategic plan for each of the Company’s reporting units, but alsounits. These are updated to reflect the best available information at that time and as appropriate reflect market participant assumptions, if such amounts might differ from the Company-specific assumptions, for each of the Company’s reporting units.
Discount rate assumptions for each reporting unit areinclude the value-weightedCompany's estimated weighted average of the Company’s estimated cost of capital, derived using both known and estimated customary market metrics, and take into consideration management’s assessment of risks inherent into the future cash flows of the respective reporting unit. OneUse of the metrics considered bymarket approach includes evaluating comparable publicly-traded companies that are similar in size and industry. Revenue and EBITDA (earnings before interest, tax, depreciation and amortization) multiples for each reporting unit
27

were reviewed to ascertain the Company in its selectionreasonableness of a discount rate is the relevant small company size premium appropriate to the reporting unit forfair values. Such valuations are derived from valuation techniques in which one or more significant inputs are not observable (Level 3 fair value measures).

For the valuation is being assessed. Generally,fiscal 2021 annual assessment, the lowerCompany elected to bypass the revenues associated withqualitative assessment and performed a reporting unit, the higher the small company premium and the higher the discount rate for that reporting unit. With other factors such as the optimal capital structure assumed for the reporting unit, this may result in a different discount rate assumptionquantitative assessment for each of the four reporting unit being evaluatedunits. The Company's decision was driven by the time lapse since the last quantitative analysis and may resultmarket conditions during the fiscal year. The fiscal year 2021 annual impairment test determined the estimated fair value exceeded the carrying value in the discount rate for aeach of our reporting unit varying from year to year.units, therefore, no impairment charge was required.

For goodwill impairment tests prior to fiscal 2018, the estimatedCompany's Engineered Films, Applied Technology (excluding Autonomy), and Aerostar reporting units, the fair value of the reporting unit was then compared with the book value of its net assets. If the estimated fair value of the reporting unit was less than the book value of the net assets of the reporting unit, an impairment loss was possible and a more refined measurement of the impairment loss takes place. This is the second step of the goodwill impairment testing (Step 2),substantially in which management may use market comparisons and recent transactions to assign the fair value of the reporting unit to all of the assets and liabilities of that unit. The valuation methodologies in both steps of goodwill impairment testing use significant estimates and assumptions. Management evaluates the merits of each significant assumption and the overall basket of assumptions used to determine the fair value of the reporting unit.
In the fiscal 2018 first quarter, the Company early adopted Accounting Standards Update (ASU) No. 2017-04 (issued by the Financial Accounting Standards Board (FASB) in January 2017), "Intangibles - Goodwill and Other (Topic 350): Simplifying the Test for Goodwill Impairment" (ASU 2017-04) on a prospective basis. This ASU removed Step 2 of the goodwill impairment test, which requires a hypothetical purchase price allocation. Under the new guidance, a goodwill impairment is measured as the amount by which a reporting unit’s carrying value exceeds its fair value. The amendment is applied on a prospective basis, and as such Step 2 was applied as appropriate in fiscal 2017 and 2016.


During fiscal 2018 there were no triggering events with respect to any of the Company's reporting units. Based on the Company’s annual qualitative assessment for the Applied Technology and the Engineered Films reporting unit, the Company determined a quantitative analysis was not necessary for fiscal 2018. For the Aerostar reporting unit, the Company determined the excess of the faircarrying value and not at risk of failing the quantitative analysis. Within the Autonomy reporting unit, over its carrying value in the previous year's annual impairment assessment was not significant enough based on the current macroeconomic conditions to perform a qualitative analysis. As such, the Company performed a quantitative analysis for the annual impairment assessment of the Aerostar reporting unit. In determining the estimated fair value of the Aerostar reporting unit, the Company was required to estimate a number of factors, including projected revenue growth rates, projected operating results, terminal growth rates, economic conditions, anticipated future cash flows, and the discount rate. This analysis indicated that the estimated fair value of the Aerostar reporting unit exceeded the net book value by approximately $12 million, or approximately 41%. No goodwill impairment losses were recorded for fiscal year 2018.
The discount rate and terminal growth rate used in determination of the fair value were 13.0% and 3.0%, respectively. Using the discount rate and terminal growth rate to illustrate sensitivity on this estimated fair value, a one-half percentage point increase in the discount rate or a one-half percentage point decrease in the terminal growth rate would have reduced the fair value of the Aerostar reporting unit by $1.5 million and $0.5 million, respectively.
During fiscal 2017, there were no triggering events with respect to the Applied Technology or Engineered Films reporting units. Based on the Company’s annual impairment assessment (Step 0) for the Applied Technology reporting unit, no quantitative or Step 2 analysis were determined to be necessary for fiscal 2017. The Company determined that there was a triggering event with respect to the Aerostar reporting unit in the third quarter, which resulted in a goodwill impairment test. The Company also completed a quantitative analysis during the annual goodwill impairment process on the Engineered Films and Aerostar reporting units. The annual impairment analysis indicated that the fair value of Engineered Films and Aerostar reporting units exceeded their carrying value by approximately $105 million and $9 million, or approximately 90% and 30%, respectively. No goodwill impairment losses were recorded for fiscal year 2017.
In fiscal 2016, the Company determined that there were triggering events with respect to the Engineered Films reporting unit in the second quarter and the Vista reporting unit in the third quarter, each of which resulted in goodwill impairment tests. The second quarter Engineered Films analysis indicated that the estimated fair value of the reporting unit exceeded the net bookcarrying value by approximately $51 million, or approximately 37%. However, the results of the Vistaassets by more than 20%. The fair value increase since the prior fiscal year acquisition is largely attributed to the significant investment in research and development activities to advance the autonomous technology, developed synergy between the Smart Ag and DOT acquisitions, and growing interest in the autonomous market. In determining the estimated fair value, the Company estimated a number of significant factors, including projected revenues growth rates, projected operating income results, terminal growth rates, and the discount rate. The Company made reasonable estimates and assumptions based on facts and circumstances available as of the measurement date. However, if actual results are not consistent with the estimates and assumptions used in the calculations, we may be exposed to future impairment losses that could be material. Events and conditions that could negatively impact the estimated fair value include increases in the Company's weighted average cost of capital, further delays in the commercialization of autonomous products, inability to realize the anticipated revenue growth opportunities, and a decrease in projected profitability. Goodwill associated with the Autonomy reporting unit quantitative goodwill impairment testingwas $56.6 million as of OctoberJanuary 31, 20152021.

Intangible Assets
Intangible assets are comprised of existing technology, customer relationships, and other definite-lived and indefinite-lived intangible assets. Identifiable intangible assets resulting from the acquisitions of entities accounted for using the purchase method of accounting are estimated by management based on the fair value of assets received. The Company typically uses an income method to estimate the fair value of intangible assets, which is based on forecasts of the expected future cash flows attributable to the respective assets. Significant estimates and assumptions are inherent in the valuation of intangible assets. The valuation of intangibles takes into consideration other marketplace participants, and includes the amount and timing of future cash flows (including expected growth rates, discount rates, and profitability), royalty rates, customer attrition rates, and product obsolescence factors. Unanticipated market or macroeconomic events and circumstances may occur, which could affect the accuracy or validity of the estimates and assumptions. Significant judgment is required to estimate the value of intangibles and in assigning their respective useful lives. Accordingly, the Company typically engages third-party valuation specialists, who work under the direction of management, to assist in valuing intangible assets acquired.

Definite-lived Intangible Assets
The Company amortizes definite-lived assets over their estimated useful lives. Identifiable definite-lived intangible assets are being amortized over the period of estimated benefit using the straight-line method and the undiscounted cash flows method.

Estimated useful lives range from three to twenty years. The Company evaluates definite-lived assets for impairment whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate the carrying value of an asset may not be recoverable. The carrying value is not recoverable if it exceeds the undiscounted cash flows resulting from the use of the asset and its eventual disposition. The Company's estimates of future cash flows attributable to its assets require significant judgment based on the Company's historical and anticipated results. The Company considers various factors that could trigger an impairment review. These factors include the Company's business strategy, negative industry or economic trends, loss of customers, and changes in the manner of how the Company uses its acquired assets.

When the Company determines that the carrying value of the assets may not be recoverable based upon the existence of one or more of the above indicators of impairment, we measure the potential impairment based on a projected discounted cash flow method using a discount rate determined by our management to be commensurate with the risk inherent in our current business model. An impairment loss is recognized only if the carrying amount of the asset is not recoverable and exceeds the asset's fair value. Different assumptions and judgments could materially affect the calculation of the fair value of our assets.

Indefinite-lived Intangible Assets
Indefinite-lived intangible assets relate to acquired in-process R&D (IPR&D) and are capitalized and subject to annual impairment testing. As of January 31, 2021, the Company had in-process research and development recorded for $31.6 million. Upon successful completion of each project, the Company makes a separate determination of useful lives of the acquired indefinite-lived intangible assets and the related amortization is recorded as an expense over the estimated useful lives of the
28

specific projects. Indefinite-lived intangible assets are subject to an annual assessment for impairment using a fair-value based test and between annual tests whenever a triggering event indicates there may be an impairment.

The Company uses a discounted future cash flow method (quantitative analysis) to estimate the fair value of indefinite-lived intangible assets, which is based on expected future cash flows attributable to the respective assets. Significant estimates and assumptions are inherent in the valuation of intangible assets. The valuation of intangibles takes into consideration other marketplace participants, and includes the amount and timing of future cash flows (including expected growth rates, discount rates, and profitability) and product obsolescence factors. Unanticipated market or macroeconomic events and circumstances may occur, which could affect the accuracy or validity of the estimates and assumptions. Accordingly, the Company typically engages third-party valuation specialists, who work under the direction of management, to assist in valuing intangible assets acquired.

For the fiscal 2021 annual assessment, the Company's quantitative assessment indicated thatno impairment, with the fair value of the Vista reporting unit was below itsindefinite-lived assets exceeding the carrying value. Accordingly,value of the assets. Management's assessment assumes that the Company performed the Step 2 test and concluded the goodwill of the Vista reporting unit was impaired. As a result, the Company recorded a non-cash goodwill impairment charge of $11.5 million in the third quarter ofwill commercialize autonomous products during fiscal 2016 as "Goodwill impairment loss" in the Consolidated Statements of Income and Comprehensive Income.2022.

ACCOUNTING PRONOUNCEMENTS

See Note 1 Summary"Summary of Significant Accounting PoliciesPolicies" of the Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements included in Item 8 of this Form 10-K for a summary of recent accounting pronouncements.


FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS

Certain statements contained in this report are “forward-looking statements”"forward-looking statements" within the meaning of Section 27A of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, and Section 21E of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, including statements regarding the expectations, beliefs, intentions or strategies regarding the future, not past or historical events. Without limiting the foregoing, the words "anticipates," "believes," "expects," "intends," "may," "plans," "should," "estimate," "would," "will," "predict," "project," "potential," and similar expressions are intended to identify forward-looking statements. However, the absence of these words or similar expressions does not mean that a statement is not forward-looking. The Company intends that all forward-looking statements be subject to the safe harbor provisions of the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act.

Although the Company believes that the expectations reflected in such forward-looking statements are based on reasonable assumptions when made, there is no assurance that such assumptions are correct or that these expectations will be achieved. Assumptions involve important risks and uncertainties that could significantly affect results in the future. These risks and uncertainties include, but are not limited to, those relating to weather conditions, which could affect sales and profitability in some of the Company's primary markets, such as agriculture and construction and oil and gas drilling; or changes in raw material availability, commodity prices, competition, technology or relationships with the Company's largest customers, risks and uncertainties relating to the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic, development of new technologies to satisfy customer requirements, possible development of competitive technologies, ability to scale production of new products without negatively impacting quality and cost, risks of operating in foreign markets, risks relating to acquisitions, including risks of integration or unanticipated liabilities or contingencies, and ability to finance investment and net working capital needs for new development projects, any of which could adversely impact any of the Company's product lines, risks of litigation, as well as other risks described in Item 1A., Risk Factors,1A "Risk Factors" of this Annual Report


on Form 10-K. The foregoing list is not exhaustive and the Company disclaims any obligation to subsequently revise any forward-looking statements to reflect events or circumstances after the date of such statements. Past financial performance may not be a reliable indicator of future performance and historical trends should not be used to anticipate results or trends in future periods.

29


ITEM 7A.QUANTITATIVE AND QUALITATIVE DISCLOSURES ABOUT MARKET RISK

The exposure to market risks pertains mainly to changes in interest rates on cash and cash equivalents. The Company's only outstanding debt as of January 31, 2018 is2021, relates to a long-term note, that bears no interest until April 2023, with an immaterial amountoutstanding balance of capital$2.0million and $0.8 million of financing lease obligations. The Company does not expect operating resultsnet income or cash flows to be significantly affected by changes in interest rates.

The Company's subsidiaries that operate outside the United States use their local currency as the functional currency. The functional currency is translated into U.S. dollars for balance sheet accounts using the period-end exchange rates and average exchangeexchange rates for the statement of income. Cash and cash equivalents held in foreign currency (primarily Euros and Canadian dollars) totaled $4.1$2.1 million and $2.3$5.3 million at January 31, 20182021 and 2017,2020, respectively. Adjustments resulting from financial statement translations are included as cumulative translation adjustments in "Accumulated other comprehensive income (loss)" within shareholders' equity. Foreign currency transaction gains or losses are recognized in the period incurred and are included in "Other income (expense), net" in the Consolidated StatementsStatements of Income and Comprehensive Income. Foreign currency fluctuations had no material effect on the Company's financial condition, results of operations, or cash flows.

The Company does not enter into derivatives or other financial instruments for trading or speculative purposes. However, the Company does utilize derivative financial instruments to manage the economic impact of fluctuation in foreign currency exchange rates on those transactions that are denominated in currency other than its functional currency, which is the U.S. dollar. Such transactions are principally Canadian dollar-denominated transactions. The use of these financial instruments had no material effect on the Company's financial condition, results of operations, or cash flows.flows in any of the three previous years.

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ITEM 8.FINANCIAL STATEMENTS AND SUPPLEMENTARY DATA
ITEM 8.FINANCIAL STATEMENTS AND SUPPLEMENTARY DATA
Index to Financial Statements
Page
Page
Management's Report on Internal Control Over Financial Reporting
ReportReports of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm - Deloitte & Touche LLP
Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm - PricewaterhouseCoopers LLPConsolidated Financial Statements
Consolidated Balance Sheets
Consolidated Financial Statements
Consolidated Balance Sheets
Consolidated Statements of Income and Comprehensive Income
Consolidated Statements of Shareholders' Equity
Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
Quarterly Information (Unaudited) - included in Item 5

31


MANAGEMENT'S REPORT ON INTERNAL CONTROL OVER FINANCIAL REPORTING

Our management is responsible for establishing and maintaining adequate internal control over financial reporting as defined in Rule 13a-15(f) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended. Our internal control over financial reporting is designed to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles.

Our internal control over financial reporting includes those policies and procedures that (i) pertain to the maintenance of records that, in reasonable detail, accurately and fairly reflect the transactions and dispositions of our assets; (ii) provide reasonable assurance that transactions are recorded as necessary to permit preparation of financial statements in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles and that our receipts and expenditures are being made only in accordance with authorizations of our management and directors; and (iii) provide reasonable assurance regarding prevention or timely detection of unauthorized acquisition, use, or disposition of our assets that could have a material effect on the financial statements.

Because of its inherent limitations, internal control over financial reporting may not prevent or detect misstatements. Also, projections of any evaluation of effectiveness to future periods are subject to the risk that controls may become inadequate because of changes in conditions, or that the degree of compliance with the policies or procedures may deteriorate.

Management has assessed effectiveness of the Company's internal control over financial reporting as of January 31, 2018.2021. In making its assessment of effectiveness of internal control over financial reporting, management used the criteria described by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission in Internal Control - Integrated Framework (2013). Based on this assessment using those criteria, we concluded that, as of January 31, 2018,2021, the Company's internal control over financial reporting was effective at a reasonable assurance level.

The effectiveness of our internal control over financial reporting as of January 31, 20182021, has been audited by Deloitte & Touche LLP, an independent registered public accounting firm, as stated in their report, which appears on the next page.

/s/ DANIEL A. RYKHUS/s/ STEVEN E. BRAZONESTAIMUR SHARIH
Daniel A. RykhusSteven E. BrazonesTaimur Sharih
President and Chief Executive OfficerVice President and Chief Financial Officer


March 23, 2018

March 24, 2021









32


REPORT OF INDEPENDENT REGISTERED PUBLIC ACCOUNTING FIRM

To the shareholders and the Board of Directors and Shareholders of Raven Industries, Inc.
Opinions
Opinion on the Financial Statements and Internal Control over Financial Reporting
We have audited the accompanying consolidated balance sheetsheets of Raven Industries, Inc. and subsidiaries (the "Company") as of January 31, 2018,2021 and 2020, the related consolidated statementstatements of income and comprehensive income, consolidated statementshareholders' equity, and cash flows, for each of shareholder’s equity, consolidated statement of cash flows,the three years in the period ended January 31, 2021, and the related notes and the schedulesschedule listed in the Index at Item 15 for the fiscal year then ended (collectively referred to as the "financial statements"). We also have audited the Company’s internal control over financial reporting as of January 31, 2018, based on criteria established in Internal Control - Integrated Framework (2013) issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission (COSO).
In our opinion, the financial statements referred to above present fairly, in all material respects, the financial position of the Company as of January 31, 2018,2021 and 2020, and the results of theirits operations and theirits cash flows for each of the yearthree years in the period ended January 31, 2018,2021, in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America. Also,

We have also audited, in our opinion,accordance with the standards of the Public Company maintained, in all material respects, effectiveAccounting Oversight Board (United States) (PCAOB), the Company's internal control over financial reporting as of January 31, 2018,2021, based on criteria established in Internal Control - Integrated Framework (2013) issued by COSO.
Basis for Opinions
The Company’s management is responsible for these financial statements, for maintaining effectivethe Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission and our report dated March 24, 2021, expressed an unqualified opinion on the Company's internal control over financial reporting, andreporting.

Basis for its assessmentOpinion
These financial statements are the responsibility of the effectiveness of internal control over financial reporting, included in the accompanying managements report on internal control over financial reporting.Company's management. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on thesethe Company's financial statements and an opinion on the Company’s internal control over financial reporting based on our audits. We are a public accounting firm registered with the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States) (PCAOB)PCAOB and are required to be independent with respect to the Company in accordance with the U.S. federal securities laws and the applicable rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission and the PCAOB.

We conducted our audits in accordance with the standards of the PCAOB. Those standards require that we plan and perform the auditsaudit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the financial statements are free of material misstatement, whether due to error or fraud, and whether effective internal control over financial reporting was maintained in all material respects.
fraud. Our audits of the financial statements included performing procedures to assess the risks of material misstatement of the financial statements, whether due to error or fraud, and performing procedures tothat respond to those risks. Such procedures included examining, on a test basis, evidence regarding the amounts and disclosures in the financial statements. Our audits also included evaluating the accounting principles used and significant estimates made by management, as well as evaluating the overall presentation of the financial statements. We believe that our audits provide a reasonable basis for our opinion.

Critical Audit Matter
The critical audit matter communicated below is a matter arising from the current-period audit of the financial statements that was communicated or required to be communicated to the audit committee and that (1) relates to accounts or disclosures that are material to the financial statements and (2) involved our especially challenging, subjective, or complex judgments. The communication of critical audit matters does not alter in any way our opinion on the financial statements, taken as a whole, and we are not, by communicating the critical audit matter below, providing a separate opinion on the critical audit matter or on the accounts or disclosures to which it relates.

Goodwill and Intangible Assets – Autonomy Reporting Unit and In-Process Research and Development— Refer to Notes 1 and 7 to the financial statements
Critical Audit Matter Description
The Company’s evaluation of goodwill for impairment involves the comparison of the fair value of each reporting unit to its carrying value. The goodwill balance is $107.7 million as of January 31, 2021, of which $56.6 million is allocated to the Autonomy reporting unit. The Company determines the fair value of its Autonomy reporting unit at least annually using a discounted cash flow analysis. The Company has indefinite-lived in-process research and development (“IPR&D”) assets that are associated with the Autonomy reporting unit as well. As of January 31, 2021, the carrying value of the IPR&D assets is $31.6 million. Management estimates the fair value of IPR&D at least annually using an excess earnings method, which is a specific discounted cash flow method. The determination of the fair values using the discounted cash flow methods requires management to make significant estimates and assumptions related to projected revenue growth rates, projected operating profit margins, and the applicable discount rates. The Company has not yet commercialized the autonomous products that will drive the future revenues for the Autonomy reporting unit and associated IPR&D assets.

The fair value of the Autonomy reporting unit and IPR&D intangible assets exceeded the carrying value as of the measurement date and, therefore, no impairment was recognized. Changes in these assumptions could have a significant impact on both the
33

fair values and the amount of any impairment charges.

Given the significant judgments made by management to estimate the fair values of the Autonomy reporting unit and the IPR&D, performing audit procedures to evaluate the reasonableness of management’s estimates and assumptions related to the selection of applicable discount rates, and projections of revenue growth rates and operating profit margins, specifically considering the autonomous products are not yet commercialized, required a high degree of auditor judgment and an increased extent of effort, including the need to involve our fair value specialists.
How the Critical Audit Matter Was Addressed in the Audit
Our audit procedures related to the projected revenue growth rates, projected operating profit margins, and the selection of discount rates used by management to estimate the fair value of the Autonomy reporting unit and the IPR&D included the following, among others:
We tested the effectiveness of controls over management’s goodwill and IPR&D impairment evaluation, including those over the determination of the fair value of the Autonomy reporting unit and the IPR&D assets, such as controls related to management’s selection of the discount rates and projections of revenue growth rates and operating profit margins.
With the assistance of our fair value specialists, we evaluated the reasonableness of the (1) valuation methodology and (2) discount rates, including testing the source information underlying the determination of the discount rates, testing the mathematical accuracy of the calculations, and developing a range of independent estimates and comparing those to the discount rates selected by management.
Due to the lack of historical experience available for the autonomous products, we evaluated the reasonableness of management’s projected revenue growth rates and operating profit margins by comparing the forecasts to (1) internal communications to management and the Board of Directors, (2) external communications made by management to analysts, investors and potential customers, (3) management’s estimates of market demand, including consideration of external market sources, (4) forecasted information included in analyst and industry reports for the Company and certain of its peer companies, and (5) the historical operating results of the Company’s existing products.
We performed inquiries of the R&D personnel that oversee the ongoing IPR&D projects to assess whether there were any indicators that may suggest the IPR&D assets may be impaired.
We performed sensitivity analyses of significant assumptions to evaluate the changes in the fair value of the Autonomy reporting unit and IPR&D assets that would result from changes in the assumptions.


/s/ Deloitte & Touche LLP
Minneapolis, Minnesota
March 24, 2021

We have served as the Company's auditor since 2017.





















34

REPORT OF INDEPENDENT REGISTERED PUBLIC ACCOUNTING FIRM
To the shareholders and the Board of Directors of Raven Industries, Inc.

Opinion on Internal Control over Financial Reporting
We have audited the internal control over financial reporting of Raven Industries, Inc. and subsidiaries (the “Company”) as of January 31, 2021, based on criteria established in Internal Control — Integrated Framework (2013) issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission (COSO). In our opinion, the Company maintained, in all material respects, effective internal control over financial reporting as of January 31, 2021, based on criteria established in Internal Control — Integrated Framework (2013) issued by COSO.

We have also audited, in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States) (PCAOB), the consolidated financial statements as of and for the year ended January 31, 2021, of the Company and our report dated March 24, 2021, expressed an unqualified opinion on those financial statements.

Basis for Opinion
The Company’s management is responsible for maintaining effective internal control over financial reporting and for its assessment of the effectiveness of internal control over financial reporting, included in the accompanying Management’s Report on Internal Control over Financial Reporting. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on the Company’s internal control over financial reporting based on our audit. We are a public accounting firm registered with the PCAOB and are required to be independent with respect to the Company in accordance with the U.S. federal securities laws and the applicable rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission and the PCAOB.

We conducted our audit in accordance with the standards of the PCAOB. Those standards require that we plan and perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether effective internal control over financial reporting was maintained in all material respects. Our audit included obtaining an understanding of internal control over financial reporting, assessing the risk that a material weakness exists, and testing and evaluating the design and operating effectiveness of internal control based on the assessed risk. Our audits also includedrisk, and performing such other procedures as we considered necessary in the circumstances. We believe that our audits provideaudit provides a reasonable basis for our opinions.opinion.

Definition and Limitations of Internal Control over Financial Reporting

A company’s internal control over financial reporting is a process designed to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles. A company’s internal control over financial reporting includes those policies and procedures that (1) pertain to the maintenance of records that, in reasonable detail, accurately and fairly reflect the transactions and dispositions of the assets of the company; (2) provide reasonable assurance that transactions are recorded as necessary to permit preparation of financial statements in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles, and that receipts and expenditures of the company are being made only in accordance with authorizations of management and directors of the company; and (3) provide reasonable assurance regarding prevention or timely detection of unauthorized acquisition, use, or disposition of the company’s assets that could have a material effect on the financial statements.

Because of its inherent limitations, internal control over financial reporting may not prevent or detect misstatements. Also, projections of any evaluation of effectiveness to future periods are subject to the risk that controls may become inadequate because of changes in conditions, or that the degree of compliance with the policies or procedures may deteriorate.


/s/ Deloitte & Touche LLP
Minneapolis, Minnesota
March 23, 2018

We have served as the Company's auditor since 2017.


24, 2021
35

REPORT OF INDEPENDENT REGISTERED PUBLIC ACCOUNTING FIRM

To the Board of Directors and Shareholders of Raven Industries, Inc.

In our opinion, the consolidated balance sheet as of January 31, 2017 and the related consolidated statements of income and comprehensive income, of shareholders’ equity and of cash flows for each of the two years in the period ended January 31, 2017 present fairly, in all material respects, the financial position of Raven Industries, Inc. and its subsidiaries as of January 31, 2017, and the results of their operations and their cash flows for each of the two years in the period ended January 31, 2017, in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America. In addition, in our opinion, the financial statement schedule for each of the two years in the period ended January 31, 2017 present fairly, in all material respects, the information set forth therein when read in conjunction with the related consolidated financial statements. These financial statements and financial statement schedule are the responsibility of the Company's management. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on these financial statements and financial statement schedule based on our audits. We conducted our audits of these financial statements in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States). Those standards require that we plan and perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the financial statements are free of material misstatement. An audit includes examining, on a test basis, evidence supporting the amounts and disclosures in the financial statements, assessing the accounting principles used and significant estimates made by management, and evaluating the overall financial statement presentation. We believe that our audits provide a reasonable basis for our opinion.


/s/ PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP
Minneapolis, Minnesota
March 31, 2017



RAVEN INDUSTRIES, INC.

CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS
(Dollars and shares in thousands)

As of January 31,
20212020
ASSETS
Current assets
Cash and cash equivalents$32,938 $20,707 
Accounts receivable, net48,669 62,552 
Inventories, net52,703 53,899 
Other current assets5,776 5,436 
Total current assets140,086 142,594 
Property, plant and equipment, net106,007 100,850 
Goodwill107,677 106,509 
Intangible assets, net44,585 46,217 
Other assets11,016 7,087 
TOTAL ASSETS$409,371 $403,257 
LIABILITIES AND SHAREHOLDERS' EQUITY
Current liabilities
Accounts payable$18,639 $14,893 
Accrued liabilities30,401 20,743 
Other current liabilities2,998 2,287 
Total current liabilities52,038 37,923 
Long-term debt1,981 225 
Other liabilities23,997 29,161 
Total liabilities78,016 67,309 
Commitments and contingencies (see Note 13)00
Redeemable noncontrolling interest0 21,302 
Raven Industries, Inc. shareholders' equity
Common stock, $1.00 par value, authorized shares 100,000; issued 67,533 and 67,436 respectively67,533 67,436 
Additional paid-in capital66,670 61,508 
Retained earnings311,676 302,300 
Accumulated other comprehensive loss(3,341)(5,415)
Less treasury stock at cost, 31,665 and 31,665 shares, respectively(111,183)(111,183)
Total shareholders' equity331,355 314,646 
TOTAL LIABILITIES AND SHAREHOLDERS' EQUITY$409,371 $403,257 
The accompanying notes are an integral part of the consolidated financial statements.



36



RAVEN INDUSTRIES, INC.
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF INCOME AND COMPREHENSIVE INCOME
(Dollars in thousands, except per-share amounts)

For the years ended January 31,
202120202019
Net sales$348,359 $382,530 $406,668 
Cost of sales230,557 258,783 274,119 
Gross profit117,802 123,747 132,549 
Research and development expenses43,094 31,558 26,174 
Selling, general and administrative expenses55,057 52,250 51,242 
Operating income19,651 39,939 55,133 
Other income (expense), net(476)95 6,437 
Income before income taxes19,175 40,034 61,570 
Income tax expense397 5,421 9,697 
Net income18,778 34,613 51,873 
Net income (loss) attributable to the noncontrolling and redeemable
noncontrolling interest
(98)(583)79 
Net income attributable to Raven Industries, Inc.$18,876 $35,196 $51,794 
Net income per common share:
    Basic$0.52 $0.98 $1.44 
    Diluted$0.52 $0.97 $1.42 
Comprehensive income:
Net income$18,778 $34,613 $51,873 
Other comprehensive income (loss):
Foreign currency translation2,299 (994)(1,045)
Postretirement benefits, net of income tax (expense) benefit of $65, $251, and $(99), respectively(225)(865)342 
Other comprehensive income (loss), net of tax2,074 (1,859)(703)
Comprehensive income20,852 32,754 51,170 
Comprehensive income (loss) attributable to noncontrolling and
redeemable noncontrolling interest
(98)(583)79 
Comprehensive income attributable to Raven Industries, Inc.$20,950 $33,337 $51,091 
The accompanying notes are an integral part of the consolidated financial statements.

37


RAVEN INDUSTRIES, INC.
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF SHAREHOLDERS' EQUITY
(Dollars and shares in thousands, except per-share amounts)

$1 Par Common StockAdditional Paid-in CapitalTreasury Stock At CostRetained EarningsAccumulated Other Comprehen-sive Income (Loss)Raven Industries, Inc. EquityNon-controlling InterestTotal EquityRedeem-able Non-controlling Interest
Balance January 31, 2018$67,124 $59,143 $(100,402)$252,772 $(2,573)$276,064 $$276,066 $— 
Net income— — — 51,794 — 51,794 79 51,873 — 
Other comprehensive (loss), net of income tax— — — — (703)(703)— (703)— 
Reclassification due to ASU 2018-02 adoption— — 280 (280)— — 
Cash dividends ($0.52 per share)— 203 — (18,877)— (18,674)— (18,674)— 
Dividends of less than wholly-owned subsidiary paid to noncontrolling interest— — — (79)(79)— 
Shares issued on stock options exercised, net of
shares withheld for employee taxes
113 (2,750)— — — (2,637)— (2,637)— 
Shares issued on vesting of stock units, net of shares withheld for employee taxes52 (892)— — — (840)— (840)— 
Share-based compensation— 3,951 — — — 3,951 — 3,951 — 
Balance January 31, 201967,289 59,655 (100,402)285,969 (3,556)308,955 308,957 
Net income (loss)— — — 35,196 — 35,196 (1)35,195 (582)
Other comprehensive (loss), net of income tax— — — — (1,859)(1,859)— (1,859)— 
Business acquisition of less than wholly-owned
subsidiary (See Note 6)
— — — — 24,315 
Redemption of noncontrolling interest— 199 — — — 199 199 (2,431)
Cash dividends ($0.52 per share)— 216 — (18,865)— (18,649)— (18,649)— 
Dividends of less than wholly-owned subsidiary
    paid to noncontrolling interest
— — — — — (1)(1)— 
Shares issued on stock options exercised, net of
    of shares withheld for employee taxes
41 (1,069)— — — (1,028)— (1,028)— 
Shares issued on vesting of stock units, net of
shares withheld for employee taxes
106 (2,464)— — — (2,358)— (2,358)
Shares repurchased— (10,781)— — (10,781)— (10,781)— 
Share-based compensation— 4,971 — — — 4,971 — 4,971 — 
Balance January 31, 202067,436 61,508 (111,183)302,300 (5,415)314,646 314,646 21,302 
Net income (loss)   18,876  18,876 0 18,876 (98)
Other comprehensive income, net of income tax    2,074 2,074  2,074 — 
Redemption of noncontrolling interest 215    215  215 (21,204)
Cash dividends ($0.26 per share) 182  (9,500) (9,318) (9,318)— 
Director shares issued9 (9)   0  0 — 
Shares issued on stock options exercised, net of shares withheld for employee taxes26 (431)   (405) (405)— 
Shares issued on vesting of stock units, net of shares withheld for employee taxes62 (861)   (799) (799)— 
Share-based compensation 6,066    6,066  6,066 — 
Balance January 31, 2021$67,533 $66,670 $(111,183)$311,676 $(3,341)$331,355 $0 $331,355 $0 
The accompanying notes are an integral part of the consolidated financial statements.

38
 As of January 31,
 2018 2017
ASSETS   
Current assets   
Cash and cash equivalents$40,535
 $50,648
Accounts receivable, net58,532
 43,143
Inventories55,351
 42,336
Other current assets5,861
 2,689
Total current assets160,279
 138,816
    
Property, plant and equipment, net106,280
 106,324
Goodwill46,710
 40,649
Amortizable intangible assets, net10,584
 12,048
Other assets2,950
 3,672
TOTAL ASSETS$326,803
 $301,509
    
LIABILITIES AND SHAREHOLDERS' EQUITY   
Current liabilities   
Accounts payable$13,106
 $8,467
Accrued liabilities21,946
 18,055
Other current liabilities1,890
 1,860
Total current liabilities36,942
 28,382
    
Other liabilities13,795
 13,696
    
Commitments and contingencies (see Note 12)


 


    
Raven Industries, Inc. shareholders' equity   
Common stock, $1 par value, authorized shares 100,000; issued 67,124 and 67,060, respectively67,124
 67,060
Paid-in capital59,143
 55,795
Retained earnings252,772
 230,649
Accumulated other comprehensive loss(2,573) (3,676)
Less treasury stock at cost, 31,332 and 30,984 shares, respectively(100,402) (90,402)
Total Raven Industries, Inc. shareholders' equity276,064
 259,426
Noncontrolling interest2
 5
Total shareholders' equity276,066
 259,431
TOTAL LIABILITIES AND SHAREHOLDERS' EQUITY$326,803
 $301,509
    
The accompanying notes are an integral part of the consolidated financial statements.   






RAVEN INDUSTRIES, INC.

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF INCOME AND COMPREHENSIVE INCOMECASH FLOWS
(Dollars in thousands)

For the years ended January 31,
202120202019
OPERATING ACTIVITIES:
Net income$18,778 $34,613 $51,873 
Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash provided by operating activities:
Depreciation14,893 13,770 13,296 
Amortization of intangible assets2,528 2,471 1,827 
Change in fair value of acquisition-related contingent consideration(437)412 708 
Gain from sale of equity method investments0 (5,785)
Deferred income taxes(4,320)1,506 953 
Share-based compensation expense6,066 4,971 3,951 
Other operating activities, net(295)(335)(2,424)
Change in operating assets and liabilities18,259 (2,536)1,553 
Net cash provided by operating activities55,472 54,872 65,952 
INVESTING ACTIVITIES:
Capital expenditures(16,147)(8,560)(14,127)
Payments related to business acquisitions, net of cash acquired0 (53,317)(7,671)
Proceeds from sale or maturities of investments587 1,170 7,334 
Purchases of investments(289)(1,118)(745)
Proceeds from sale of assets251 3,459 832 
Other investing activities, net(315)(243)(2,067)
Net cash used in investing activities(15,913)(58,609)(16,444)
FINANCING ACTIVITIES:
Dividends paid(9,318)(18,650)(18,753)
Payments for common shares repurchased0 (10,781)
Proceeds from debt51,685 33,593 
Repayments of debt(50,000)(39,762)
Payments for redeemable noncontrolling interest(17,853)
Payment of acquisition-related contingent liabilities0 (1,306)(1,324)
Restricted stock units vested and issued, net of taxes(799)(2,358)(840)
Employee stock option exercises net of tax benefit(405)(1,028)(2,637)
Other financing activities, net(441)(595)(201)
Net cash used in financing activities(27,131)(40,887)(23,755)
Effect of exchange rate changes on cash(197)(456)(501)
Net increase (decrease) in cash and cash equivalents12,231 (45,080)25,252 
Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of year20,707 65,787 40,535 
Cash and cash equivalents at end of year$32,938 $20,707 $65,787 
The accompanying notes are an integral part of the consolidated financial statements.

39



RAVEN INDUSTRIES, INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(Dollars in thousands, except per-share amounts)


 For the years ended January 31,
 2018 2017 2016
Net sales$377,317
 $277,395
 $258,229
Cost of sales255,752
 199,205
 191,255
Gross profit121,565
 78,190
 66,974
      
Research and development expenses16,936
 16,312
 14,686
Selling, general and administrative expenses45,200
 33,378
 32,574
Goodwill impairment loss
 
 11,497
Long-lived asset impairment loss259
 87
 3,826
Operating income59,170
 28,413
 4,391
      
Other (expense), net(184) (560) (310)
Income before income taxes58,986
 27,853
 4,081
      
Income tax expense (benefit)17,967
 7,661
 (767)
Net income41,019
 20,192
 4,848
      
Net (loss) income attributable to the noncontrolling interest(3) 1
 72
      
Net income attributable to Raven Industries, Inc.$41,022
 $20,191
 $4,776
      
Net income per common share:     
─ Basic$1.14
 $0.56
 $0.13
─ Diluted$1.13
 $0.56
 $0.13
      
      
Comprehensive income: ��   
Net income$41,019
 $20,192
 $4,848
      
Other comprehensive income (loss):     
Foreign currency translation1,234
 50
 (729)
Postretirement benefits, net of income tax (expense) benefit of $44, $129, and $(1,620), respectively(131) (225) 3,077
Other comprehensive income (loss), net of tax1,103
 (175) 2,348
      
Comprehensive income42,122
 20,017
 7,196
      
Comprehensive (loss) income attributable to noncontrolling interest(3) 1
 72
      
Comprehensive income attributable to Raven Industries, Inc.$42,125
 $20,016
 $7,124
The accompanying notes are an integral part of the consolidated financial statements.  


RAVEN INDUSTRIES, INC.

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF SHAREHOLDERS' EQUITY
(Dollars and shares in thousands, except per-share amounts)
           
           
 $1 Par Common StockPaid-in CapitalTreasury StockRetained EarningsAccumulated Other Comprehen-sive Income (Loss)Raven Industries, Inc. EquityNon-controlling InterestTotal Equity
 Shares Cost
Balance January 31, 2015$66,947
$53,237
28,897
 $(53,362)$244,180
$(5,849)$305,153
$84
$305,237
Net income


 
4,776

4,776
72
4,848
Other comprehensive income (loss), net of income tax


 

2,348
2,348

2,348
Cash dividends ($0.52 per share)
169

 
(19,513)
(19,344)
(19,344)
Dividends of less than wholly-owned subsidiary paid to noncontrolling interest


 



(82)(82)
Share issuance costs related to fiscal 2015 business combination
(15)
 


(15)
(15)
Shares issued on stock options exercised, net of shares withheld for employee taxes7
(54)
 


(47)
(47)
Shares issued on vesting of stock units, net of shares withheld for employee taxes52
(510)
 


(458)
(458)
Shares repurchased

1,603
 (29,338)

(29,338)
(29,338)
Share-based compensation
2,311

 


2,311

2,311
Income tax impact related to share-based compensation
(1,231)
 


(1,231)
(1,231)
Balance January 31, 201667,006
53,907
30,500
 (82,700)229,443
(3,501)264,155
74
264,229
Net income


 
20,191

20,191
1
20,192
Other comprehensive income, net of income tax


 

(175)(175)
(175)
Cash dividends ($0.52 per share)
216

 
(18,985)
(18,769)
(18,769)
Dividends of less than wholly-owned subsidiary paid to noncontrolling interest


 



(70)(70)
Director shares issued19
(19)
 





Shares issued on vesting of stock units, net of shares withheld for employee taxes35
(291)
 


(256)
(256)
Shares repurchased

484
 (7,702)

(7,702)
(7,702)
Share-based compensation
3,071

 


3,071

3,071
Income tax impact related to share-based compensation
(1,089)
 


(1,089)
(1,089)
Balance January 31, 201767,060
55,795
30,984
 (90,402)230,649
(3,676)259,426
5
259,431
Net income


 
41,022

41,022
(3)41,019
Other comprehensive income, net of income tax


 

1,103
1,103

1,103
Cash dividends ($0.52 per share)
214

 
(18,899)
(18,685)
(18,685)
Director shares issued26
(26)
 





Shares issued on stock options exercised, net of shares withheld for employee taxes21
(311)
 


(290)
(290)
Shares issued on vesting of stock units, net of shares withheld for employee taxes17
(254)
 


(237)
(237)
Shares repurchased

348
 (10,000)

(10,000)
(10,000)
Share-based compensation
3,725

 


3,725

3,725
Balance January 31, 2018$67,124
$59,143
31,332
 $(100,402)$252,772
$(2,573)$276,064
$2
$276,066
The accompanying notes are an integral part of the consolidated financial statements.    



RAVEN INDUSTRIES, INC.

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS
(Dollars in thousands)

 For the years ended January 31,
 2018 2017 2016
OPERATING ACTIVITIES:     
Net income$41,019
 $20,192
 $4,848
Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash provided by operating activities:     
Depreciation12,743
 13,169
 13,856
Amortization of intangible assets2,059
 2,267
 3,280
Goodwill impairment loss
 
 11,497
Long-lived asset impairment loss259
 87
 3,826
Change in fair value of acquisition-related contingent consideration457
 36
 (1,488)
Loss (income) from equity investments114
 72
 (83)
Deferred income taxes(787) 307
 (6,039)
Share-based compensation expense3,725
 3,071
 2,311
Other operating activities, net2,053
 2,390
 2,112
Change in operating assets and liabilities(16,681) 7,045
 9,888
Net cash provided by operating activities44,961
 48,636
 44,008
      
INVESTING ACTIVITIES:     
Capital expenditures(12,011) (4,796) (13,046)
Proceeds (payments) related to business acquisitions(13,267) 
 351
Maturities of investments250
 250
 250
Purchases of investments(273) (750) (250)
(Disbursements) proceeds from settlement of liabilities, sale of assets(333) 1,188
 2,124
Other investing activities, net(41) (534) (503)
Net cash used in investing activities(25,675) (4,642) (11,074)
      
FINANCING ACTIVITIES:     
Dividends paid(18,685) (18,839) (19,426)
Payments for common shares repurchased(10,000) (7,702) (29,338)
Payment of acquisition-related contingent liabilities(408) (354) (814)
Debt issuance costs paid
 
 (548)
Restricted stock units vested and issued(237) (256) (458)
Employee stock option exercises net of tax benefit(290) 
 (85)
Other financing activities, net(101) 
 (15)
Net cash used in financing activities(29,721) (27,151) (50,684)
Effect of exchange rate changes on cash322
 23
 (417)
Net increase (decrease) in cash and cash equivalents(10,113) 16,866
 (18,167)
Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of year50,648
 33,782
 51,949
Cash and cash equivalents at end of year$40,535
 $50,648
 $33,782
      
The accompanying notes are an integral part of the consolidated financial statements.     


RAVEN INDUSTRIES, INC.

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(Dollars in thousands, except per-share amounts)
NOTE 1SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES

Basis of Presentation and Principles of Consolidation
Raven Industries, Inc. (the Company or Raven) is a diversified technology company providing a variety of products to customers within the industrial, agricultural, geomembrane, construction, commercial lighter-than-air, and aerospace/aerospace and defense markets. The Company conducts this business through the following direct and indirect subsidiaries: Aerostar International, Inc. (Aerostar); Vista Research,Aerostar Technical Solutions, Inc. (Vista)(ATS), Aerostar Integrated Systems, LLC (AIS); Dot Technology Corp. (DOT); Raven CLI Construction, Inc.; Raven Engineered Films, Inc.; Raven Slingshot, Inc.; Raven International Holding Company BV (Raven Holdings); Raven Industries Canada, Inc. (Raven Canada); Raven Europe BV (formerly known as SBG Innovatie BV; Navtronics BVBA;BV or "SBG"); Raven Industries Australia Pty Ltd (Raven Australia); Raven Industries Holding, LLC, and Raven Do Brazildo Brasil Participacoes E Servicos Technicos LTDA (Raven Brazil). The Company and these subsidiaries comprise three3 unique operating units, or divisions, classified into three reportable business segments (Applied Technology, Engineered Films, and Aerostar).

The consolidated financial statements for the periods included herein have been prepared by the Company pursuant to the rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC). The accompanying consolidated financial statements include the accounts of the Company and its wholly-owned or controlled subsidiaries. All intercompany balances and transactions have been eliminated in consolidation.

Risks and Uncertainties
In March 2020, the World Health Organization declared the novel coronavirus 2019 (“COVID-19”) a global pandemic. The COVID-19 pandemic has had, and may continue to have, an unfavorable impact on certain areas of the Company's business. The broader implications of the COVID-19 pandemic on the Company's financial condition and results of operations remain uncertain and will depend on certain developments, including the duration and severity of the COVID-19 pandemic, and the availability, distribution, and effectiveness of vaccines to address the COVID-19 virus. The impact on the Company's customers and suppliers and the range of governmental and community reactions to the pandemic are uncertain. The Company may continue to experience reduced customer demand or constrained supply that could materially adversely impact business, financial condition, results of operations, liquidity and cash flows in future periods.

Business Combinations
The Company accounts for the acquisition of a business using the acquisition method of accounting. Assets acquired and liabilities assumed, including amounts attributed to noncontrolling interest, are recorded at their fair values upon acquisition. Assigning fair values requires the Company to make significant estimates and assumptions regarding the fair value of identifiable intangible assets, property, plant and equipment, deferred tax asset valuation allowances, and liabilities, such as uncertain tax positions and contingencies. Independent valuation specialists are used to assist in determining certain fair value calculations. The Company may refine these estimates, if necessary, during the measurement period by taking into consideration new information that, if known at the acquisition date, would have affected the fair values ascribed to the assets acquired and liabilities assumed.

Significant estimates and assumptions are used in estimating the value of acquired identifiable intangible assets, including estimating future cash flows based on revenues and margins that the Company expects to generate following the acquisition, applying an appropriate discount rate to estimate a present value of those cash flows and determining their useful lives. Subsequent changes to projections driven by actual results following the acquisition date could require the Company to record impairment charges.

Acquisition-related costs are recognized as an expense when incurred and are classified as selling, general and administrative expenses in the Consolidated Statements of Income and Comprehensive Income. Acquisition-related costs incurred were not material for any of the periods presented in this Form 10-K.

Noncontrolling and Redeemable Noncontrolling Interest
Noncontrolling interests represent capital contributions and income and loss attributable to the owners of less than wholly-owned and consolidated entities. Noncontrolling interests in subsidiaries that are redeemable for cash or other assets outside of
40


(Dollars in thousands, except per-share amounts)                            
the Company’s control are classified as mezzanine equity, at the greater of the carrying value or the redemption value, and therefore are not included in either equity or liabilities. The increases or decreases in the estimated redemption amount are recorded with corresponding adjustments to paid-in capital.

The Company ownsowned a 75% ofinterest in a business venture, AIS, to pursue potential product and support services contracts for agencies and instrumentalitiesthrough U.S. government agencies. The Company acquired the remaining 25% noncontrolling interest of AIS in the United States government. Thefourth quarter of fiscal year 2020 at an immaterial additional cost to the Company. This business venture Aerostar Integrated Systems (AIS), is included in the Aerostar business segment. No capital contributions have been made by

The Company acquired a majority ownership in DOTin the fiscal year 2020 fourth quarter. Due to the redemption features provided to the minority shareholders in the acquisition, the 36% remaining noncontrolling interest was classified as a redeemable noncontrolling interest in the Company’s Consolidated Balance Sheets as of January 31, 2020. At January 31, 2020, redeemable noncontrolling interests were reported at their carrying value of $21,302 versus the redemption value, as the carrying value was greater than the estimated redemption value. During the second quarter of fiscal year 2021, the Company closed on the transaction to purchase the shares of the largest minority interest shareholder for $17,853 giving the Company full voting control of DOT. The majority ownership in DOT and redeemable noncontrolling interest is further described in Note 6 "Acquisitions and Investments in Businesses and Technologies," and aligns under the Applied Technology segment.

Prior to acquiring the noncontrolling interest since the initial capitalization in fiscal year 2012. Given the Company's controlling financial interest,AIS and DOT, the accounts of the business venture have beenAIS and DOT were consolidated with the accounts of the Company and a noncontrolling interest has beenwas recorded for the noncontrolling investor's interests in the net assets and operations of the business venture.

Related Party Transactions
Following the acquisition of DOT, the Company sold products to, paid rent to, and purchased services for manufacturing, research and development (R&D), selling, and administration from a business owned by the largest minority interest shareholder of DOT. All of the shares formerly held by this minority interest shareholder were acquired in the second quarter of fiscal year 2021 and are owned by Raven; therefore, no transactions with this previous shareholder after July 31, 2020 are considered related party transactions. The total of the related party transactions was $1,954 for the six-month period ended July 31, 2020, NaN of which was in accounts payable at January 31, 2021. The total of these related party transactions was $3,176 for fiscal year 2020, of which $409 was reported in accounts payable at January 31, 2020.

Equity Investments
In February 2016, the Applied Technology Division acquiredThe Company owned an interest of approximately 5% in Ag-Eagle Aerial Systems, Inc. (AgEagle).

AgEagle is considered a variable interest entity (VIE) and the Company’s equity ownership interest before being sold for an immaterial gain in AgEagle is considered a variable interest.fiscal year 2019. The Company accountsaccounted for its investment in AgEagle under the equity method of accounting as the Company hashad the ability to exercise significant influence over the operating policies of AgEagle through the Company's representation on AgEagle's Board of Directors and the exclusive distribution agreement between the companies discussed in Note 6 Acquisitions of and Investments in Businesses and Technologies. However,AgEagle; however the Company isdid not the primary beneficiary as the Company does not have the power to direct the activities that most significantly impact the VIE’s economic performance and the obligation to absorb the majority of the losses or the right to receive the majority of the benefits of the VIE.hold a controlling financial interest.


The Company also ownsowned an interest of approximately 22% in Site-Specific Technology Development Group, Inc. (SST). before being sold in fiscal year 2019. The Company's proceeds from the sale of its ownership interest in SST were $6,556 and was reported as "Proceeds from sale or maturity of investments" in the Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows in fiscal year 2019. The Company has significant influence, but neitherrecognized a controlling interest nor a majority interestgain of $5,785 from the sale reported as "Other income (expense), net" in the risks or rewardsConsolidated Statements of SSTIncome and as such, this affiliate investment is accountedComprehensive Income for using the equity method.fiscal year ended January 31, 2019. This amount included a 15 percent hold-back provision held in an escrow account which was collected in fiscal 2020.

The investment balances for both AgEagle and SST are included in “Other assets” while the Company's share of the results of AgEagle and SST operations isare included in “Other"Other income (expense), net.”net" for fiscal year 2019.

The Company considers whether the value of any of its equity method investments has been impaired whenever adverse events or changes in circumstances indicate that recorded values may not be recoverable. If the Company considered any such decline to be other than temporary (based on various factors, including historical financial results, product development activities, and the overall health of the affiliate's industry), an impairment loss would be recorded.


(Dollars in thousands, except per-share amounts)                            

Use of Estimates
Preparing the financial statements in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America (GAAP) requires management to make certain estimates and assumptions. These affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities as of the date of the financial statements and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting period. The Company's forecasts, based principally on estimates, are critical inputs to asset valuations such as those for inventory or goodwill. These assumptions and estimates require significant judgment and actual results could differ from assumed and estimated amounts.

Foreign Currency
The Company's subsidiaries that operate outside the United States use the local currency as their functional currency. The functional currency is translated into U.S. dollars for balance sheet accounts using the period-end exchange rates and average exchange rates for the statementConsolidated Statements of incomeIncome and comprehensive income.Comprehensive Income. Adjustments resulting from financial
41


(Dollars in thousands, except per-share amounts)                            
statement translations are included as foreign currency translation adjustments in “Accumulated"Accumulated other comprehensive income (loss)" within shareholders' equity.equity in the Consolidated Balance Sheets. Foreign currency transaction gains or losses are recognized in the period incurred and are included in “Other"Other income (expense), net”net" in the Consolidated Statements of Income and Comprehensive Income. Foreign currency transaction gains and losses were not material for fiscal years 2021, 2020 and 2019. Foreign currency transaction gains or losses on intercompany notes receivable and notes payable denominated in foreign currencies for which settlement is not planned in the foreseeable future are considered part of the net investment and are reported in the same manner as foreign currency translation adjustments.

Cash and Cash Equivalents
The Company considers all highly liquid instruments with original maturities of three or fewer months to be cash equivalents. Cash and cash equivalent balances are principally concentrated in checking and money market and savings accounts.funds. Certificates of deposit that mature in over 90 days but less than one year are considered short-term investments. Certificates of deposit that mature in one year or more are considered to be other long-term assets and are carried at cost. The Company held cash and cash equivalents in accounts in the United States of $30,721 and $14,003 as of January 31, 2021 and 2020, respectively. The Company held cash and cash equivalents in accounts outside the United States of $4,101$2,217 and $2,281$6,704 as of January 31, 20182021 and 2017,2020, respectively.

Accounts Receivable and Allowance for Doubtful AccountsCredit Losses
Trade accounts receivable are recorded at the invoiced amount, do not bear interest, and are considered past due based on invoice terms. The allowance for doubtful accountscredit losses is the Company’s best estimate of the amount of probableexpected credit losses. Thislosses on trade accounts receivables over their contractual life. The Company's expected credit losses is based on each segments' various macroeconomic indicators, updated Company forecast information and historical write-off experience by segment and an estimate of the collectability of significant past due accounts. Unbilled receivables arise when revenues have been earned, but not billed, and are related to differences in timing. Unbilled receivables were not material$2,734 and $6,954 as of January 31, 2018 or 2017.2021 and 2020, respectively.

Inventory Valuation
Inventories are carried at the lower of cost or net realizable value, with cost determined on the first-in, first-out basis. Net realizable value is the estimated selling price in the ordinary course of business, less reasonably predictable costs of completion, disposal, and transportation. Prior to adopting ASU 2015-11 "Inventory (Topic 330) Simplifying the Measurement of Inventory" in fiscal 2018, inventories were carried at the lower of cost or market.

Pre-Contract Costs
From time to time, Pre-contract costs incurred, excluding start-up costs which are expensed as incurred, are deferred to the balance sheet and included in "Inventories." if the Company determines that it is probable it will be awarded the specific anticipated contract. Deferred pre-contract costs are periodically reviewed and assessed for recoverability under the contract. Write-offs of pre-contract costs are charged to cost of sales when it becomes probable that such costs will not be recoverable. No pre-contract costs were included in "Inventories" at January 31, 2018 or 2017.

Property, Plant and Equipment
Property, plant and equipment held for use is carried at the asset's cost and depreciated over the estimated useful life of the asset.

The estimated useful lives used for computing depreciation are as follows:
Building and improvements15 - 39 years
Manufacturing equipment by segment
Applied Technology3 - 5 years
Engineered Films5 - 12 years
Aerostar3 - 5 years
Furniture, fixtures, office equipment, and other3 - 7 years


The cost of maintenance and repairs is charged to expense in the period incurred, and renewals and betterments are capitalized. The cost and related accumulated depreciation of assets sold or disposed are removed from the accounts and the resulting gain or loss is reflected in operations.the Consolidated Statements of Income and Comprehensive Income.

Leases
The Company adopted the new lease accounting standard, "Accounting Standards Codification Topic 842 Leases (ASC 842)" using the modified retrospective method for all agreements existing as of February 1, 2019. Results for fiscal year 2021 and 2020 are presented under ASC 842.

The Company recognizes a right-of-use asset and lease liability for all financing and operating leases with terms greater than twelve months. The lease liability is measured based on the present value of the lease payments not yet paid. The right-of-use asset is measured based on the initial measurement of the lease liability adjusted for any direct costs incurred upon commencement of the lease. The right-of-use assets are amortized on a straight-line basis over the lease term, and are tested for impairment in a manner consistent with the other long-lived assets held by the Company.

42


(Dollars in thousands, except per-share amounts)                            

Fair Value Measurements
Fair value is defined as an exit price representing the amount that would be received to sell an asset or paid to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction between market participants. As such, fair value is a market-based measurement that should be determined based on assumptions that market participants would use in pricing an asset or liability. The Company uses the established fair value hierarchy, which classifies or prioritizes the inputs used in measuring fair value. These classifications include:
Level 1 - Observable inputs such as quoted prices in active markets;markets.
Level 2 - Inputs other than quoted prices in active markets that are either directly or indirectly observable; andobservable.
Level 3 - Unobservable inputs in which little or no market data exists, therefore, requiring an entity to develop its own assumptions.

The Company's financial assets required to be measured at fair value on a recurring basis include cash and cash equivalents, short-term investments and short-term investments.mutual funds. The Company determines the fair value of its cash equivalents, and short-term investments and mutual funds through quoted market prices. Mutual funds relate to the Company's deferred compensation plan further described within Note 8 "Employee Postretirement Benefits." The fair values of accounts receivable and accounts payable approximate their carrying values because of the short-term nature of these instruments.

The Company's goodwill and long-lived assets, including intangible assets subject to amortization, are measured at fair value on a non-recurring basis. These valuations are derived from valuation techniques in which one or more significant inputs are not observable. Fair value measurements associated with goodwill and long-lived assets are further described in Note 7 "Goodwill and Long-Lived Assets."

For all acquisitions, the Company is required to measure the fair value of the net identifiable tangible and intangible assets acquired. In addition, the Company determines the estimated fair value of contingent consideration as of the acquisition date, and subsequently at the end of each reporting period. These valuations are derived from valuation techniques in which one or more significant inputs are not observable. Fair value measurements associated with acquisitions, including acquisition-related contingent liabilities, are described in Note 6 Acquisition of"Acquisitions and Investments in Businesses and Technologies."

Definite-Lived Intangible Assets
Intangible assets, primarily comprised of technologies acquired through acquisition,acquisitions, are recorded at cost and are presented net of accumulated amortization. Amortization is computed using the method that best approximates the pattern of economic benefits which the asset provides. The Company has used both the straight-line method and the undiscounted cash flows method to appropriately allocate the cost of intangible assets to earnings in each reporting period.

The straight-line method allocates the cost of such intangible assets ratably over the asset’s life. Under the undiscounted cash flow method, the estimated cash flow attributable to each year of an intangible asset’s life is calculated as a percentage of the total of the cash flows over the asset’s life and that percentage is applied to the initial value of the asset to determine the annual amortization to be recorded.

Intangible assets also include patents, trademarks, and other product rights attained to protect the Company’s intellectual property. The estimated useful lives of the Company’s intangible assets range from 3 to 20 years.

Indefinite-lived Intangible Assets
The Company acquired in-process R&D (IPR&D) intangible assets in business combinations transacted during the fourth quarter of fiscal year 2020. These assets are accounted for as indefinite-lived intangible assets and will be amortized when the associated R&D project is completed or abandoned. Upon completion of each project, a determination of the useful life of the acquired intangible assets is made and amortization is recorded to expense over the useful life. Management expects the R&D projects related to the IPR&D intangible assets will be completed in fiscal 2022. These assets are classified as "Intangible assets, net" on the Consolidated Balance Sheets.

Indefinite-lived intangible assets are tested for impairment on an annual basis and between annual tests, whenever a triggering event indicates there may be an impairment. Management has determined that the IPR&D constitutes a single asset, with no separate identifiable cash flows. Prior to completing a quantitative assessment, the Company may perform a qualitative assessment over relevant events and circumstances to determine whether it is more likely than not that the fair value is less than the carrying value. If the assessment indicates that fair value may be less than its carrying value, then the fair values are estimated based on a discounted cash flow method analysis (quantitative analysis). If the fair value of the assets is less than the carrying value, an impairment loss is recognized for the amount that the carrying value exceeds fair value. When performing indefinite-lived intangible asset impairment testing, the fair values of assets are determined based on valuation techniques,
43


(Dollars in thousands, except per-share amounts)                            
using the best available information. Such valuations are derived from valuation models in which one or more significant inputs are not observable (Level 3 fair value measures).

Goodwill
The Company recognizes goodwill as the excess cost of an acquired business over the net amount assigned to assets acquired and liabilities assumed. Goodwill is allocated to the reporting units that are expected to benefit from the synergies of the business combination. Acquisition earn-out payments are accrued at fair value as of the purchase date and payments reduce the accrual without affecting goodwill. Any change in the fair value of the contingent consideration after the acquisition date is recognized in "Cost of sales" in the Consolidated Statements of Income and Comprehensive Income.

Goodwill is tested for impairment on an annual basis during the fourth quarter and between annual tests whenever a triggering event indicates there may be an impairment. Impairment tests of goodwill are performed at the reporting unit level. APrior to completing a quantitative assessment, the Company may perform a qualitative impairment assessment over relevant events and circumstances may be assessed to determine whether it is more likely than not that the fair value of a reporting unit is less than its carrying amount. If events and circumstances indicatethe assessment indicates the fair value of a reporting unit may be less than its carrying value, thenthe Company will perform a quantitative assessment. In a quantitative assessment, the fair values are estimated based onvalue of each reporting unit is determined using a discounted cash flowsflow analysis and aremarket approach. The estimated fair value is compared with the corresponding carrying value of the reporting unit. If the fair value of the reporting unit is less than the carrying amount, a goodwill impairment loss is recognized for the amount that the carrying value of the reporting unit, including goodwill, exceeds its fair value, limited to the total amount of goodwill allocated to the reporting unit. Prior to adopting ASU 2017-04 "Intangibles - Goodwill and Other (Topic 350): Simplifying the Test for Goodwill Impairment" in fiscal 2018 first quarter, the Company recognized a goodwill impairment loss for the amount that the carrying value of the reporting unit exceeded the reporting unit's implied fair value of the goodwill. The impact of adopting this new guidance is further described below in the Accounting Pronouncements - Accounting Standards Adopted.


(Dollars in thousands, except per-share amounts)                            

When performing goodwill impairment testing, the fair values of reporting units are determined based on valuation techniques, using the best available information, primarily discounted cash flow projections.information. Such valuations are derived from valuation techniquesmodels in which one or more significant inputs are not observable (Level 3 fair value measures).

Long-Lived Assets
The Company periodically assesses the recoverability of long-lived tangible and intangible assets, including right-of-use assets. An impairment loss is recognized when the carrying amount of an asset group exceeds the estimated undiscounted cash flows used in determining the fair value of the asset group. The amount of the impairment loss to be recorded is the excess of the carrying value of the assets within the group over their fair value. When performing long-lived assetsasset impairment testing, the fair values of assetsan asset are determined based on valuation techniques using the best available information. Such valuations are derived from valuation techniques in which one or more significant inputs are not observable (Level 3 fair value measures).

Long-lived assets determined to be held for sale and classified as such in accordance with the applicable guidance are reported as long-term assets at the lower of the asset's carrying amount or fair value less the estimated cost to sell. Depreciation is not recorded once a long-lived asset has been classified as held for sale.

Acquisition-Related Contingent Consideration
Acquisition-related contingent consideration represents an obligation of the Company to transfer additional assets or equity interests if specified future events occur or conditions are met. This contingency is accounted for at fair value either as a liability or equity depending on the terms of the acquisition agreement. The Company determines the estimated fair value of contingent consideration as of the acquisition date, and subsequently at the end of each reporting period. In doing so, the Company makes significant estimates and assumptions regarding future events or conditions being achieved under the subject contingent agreement as well as the appropriate discount rate to apply. Such valuations are derived from valuation techniques in which one or more significant inputs are not observable (Level 3 fair value measures).

Litigation and Contingencies
We recognize legalLegal costs are recognized as an expense in the period incurred. The Company is involved as a defendantparty in lawsuits, claims, regulatory inquiries, or disputes arising in the normal course of business, some of which allege substantial monetary damages. We accrueThe Company accrues for any loss contingencies when losses become probable and are reasonably estimable. If the reasonable estimate of the loss is a range and no amount within the range is a better estimate than any other amount within the range, the minimum amount of the range is recorded as a liability. Amounts recovered by insurance, if any, are recognized when they are realized.

Revenue Recognition
The Company recognizes revenue when it is realized or realizable and has been earned. Revenue is recognized when control of the promised goods or services are transferred to our customers, in an amount that reflects the consideration we expect to be entitled to in exchange for transferring those goods or providing services. The Company accounts for a contract when it has approval and commitment from both parties, the rights of the parties are identified, payment terms are identified, the contract has commercial substance and collectability of consideration is probable.

When determining whether the customer has obtained control of the goods or services, the Company considers any future
44


(Dollars in thousands, except per-share amounts)                            
performance obligations. Generally, there is persuasive evidenceno post-shipment obligation on products sold other than warranty obligations in the normal and ordinary course of an arrangement,business. In the event significant post-shipment obligations were to exist, revenue recognition would be deferred until the Company had substantially accomplished what it must do to be entitled to the benefits represented by the revenue. Estimated returns, sales allowances, and warranty charges, if applicable, are recorded at the same time revenue is recorded.

Performance obligations
A performance obligation is a promise in a contract to transfer a distinct good or service to the customer, and is the unit of account for purposes of revenue recognition. A contract’s transaction price is determinable, collectabilityallocated to each distinct performance obligation and recognized as revenue when, or as, the performance obligation is reasonably assured,satisfied. For contracts involving large quantities, the Company accounts for each piece of equipment product separately, as each is a distinct performance obligation from which the customer derives benefit. For contracts with multiple performance obligations, standalone selling price is generally readily observable. The Company’s performance obligations are satisfied at a point in time or over time as work progresses. Revenue from goods and shipment or delivery has occurred (dependingservices transferred to customers at a point in time accounts for a majority of the Company’s revenues. Revenue on these contracts is recognized when obligations under the terms of the sale) or services have been rendered. contract with our customer are satisfied; generally this occurs with the transfer of control upon shipment.

The Company sells directlyuses an input measure to determine progress towards completion for revenue generated from products and services transferred to customers or distributors who incur the expenseover time. Under this method, net sales and commitment for any post-sale obligations beyond stated warranty terms. Estimated returns, sales allowances, or warranty chargesgross profit are recognized as work is performed generally based on the relationship between the actual costs incurred and the total estimated costs at completion ("the cost-to-cost method") or based on efforts for measuring progress towards completion in situations in which this approach is more representative of the progress on the contract than the cost-to-cost method. Contract costs include labor, material, overhead and, when appropriate, general and administrative expenses. Changes to the original estimates may be required during the life of the contract, and such estimates are reviewed on a regular basis. Sales and gross profit are adjusted using the cumulative catch-up method for revisions in estimated total contract costs. For performance obligations related to service contracts, when estimates of total costs to be incurred on a performance obligation exceed total estimates of revenue to be earned, a provision for the entire loss on the performance obligation is recognized in the period the loss is determined.

Sales returns
The right of return may exist explicitly or implicitly with our customers. The Company’s return policy allows for customer returns only upon shipment ofthe Company's authorization. Goods returned must be a product.

Certain contracts contain provisions for incentive payments thatproduct the Company may receivecontinues to market and must be in salable condition. When the right of return exists, we adjust the transaction price for the estimated effect of returns. We estimate the expected returns based on historical sales levels, the timing and magnitude of historical sales return levels as a percent of sales, type of product, type of customer and a projection of this experience into the future.

Shipping and handling costs
Amounts billed to customers for shipping and handling activities after the customer obtains control are treated as a promised service performance criteria related to product design, developmentobligation and production standards. Revenue related torecorded in net sales in the incentive payments is recognized when ultimate realizationaccompanying Consolidated Statements of Income and Comprehensive Income. Shipping and handling costs incurred by the Company is assured.for the delivery of goods to customers are considered a cost to fulfill the contract and are included in cost of sales in the accompanying Consolidated Statements of Income and Comprehensive Income.

Sales tax
Taxes that are collected by the Company from a customer, which are assessed by governmental authorities that are both imposed upon and concurrent with a specific revenue-producing transaction, are excluded from revenues.

Operating Expenses
The primary types of operating expenses are classified in the income statement as follows:
Cost of salesResearch and development (R&D) expensesSelling, general, and administrative (SG&A)expenses
Direct material costs
Material acquisition and handling costs
Direct labor
Factory overhead including depreciation and amortization
Inventory obsolescence
Product warranties
Shipping and handling cost
Personnel costs

Professional service fees

Material and supplies

Facility allocation
Personnel costs

Professional service fees

Advertising

Promotions

Information technology equipment depreciation
Office supplies

ERP license fees
Facility allocation
Bad debt
Credit loss
expense

The Company's
45


(Dollars in thousands, except per-share amounts)                            
Total engineering costs consist of R&D expenditures consist primarily ofand other engineering support related expenses. R&D costs are internal direct and indirect costs associated with development of technologies to support itsthe Company's proprietary product lines in each of its divisions. These R&D costs are expensed as incurred.

(Dollars in thousands, except per-share amounts)                            

Engineering support related expenses may be allocated to overhead, and thus cost of sales, or R&D expenses based on the focus of the engineering effort.
General and administrative expenses included in SG&A are not allocated at the segment level. The Company's gross margin and segment operating income may not be comparable to industry peers due to variability in the classification of these expenses across the industries in which the Company operates.

Warranties
Accruals necessary for product warranties are estimated based on historical warranty costs in relation to sales and average time elapsed between purchases and returnsclaims for each division. Additional accruals are made for any significant, discrete warranty issues.

Share-Based Compensation
The Company records compensation expense related to its share-based compensation plans using the fair value method. Under this method, the fair value of share-based compensation is determined as of the grant date and the related expense is recorded over the period in which the share-based compensation vests.

Income Taxes
Deferred income taxes reflect future tax effects of temporary differences between the tax and financial reporting basis of the Company's assets and liabilities measured using enacted tax laws and statutory tax rates applicable to the periods when the temporary differences will affect taxable income. When necessary, deferred tax assets are reduced by a valuation allowance to reflect realizable value. All deferred tax balances are reported as long-term on the Consolidated Balance Sheets. Accruals are maintained for uncertain tax positions.

Accounting Pronouncements
Accounting Standards Adopted
In the fiscal 2018 first quarter of fiscal year 2021, the Company early adopted, Accounting Standards Update (ASU) No. 2017-04 (issued by the Financial Accounting Standards Board (FASB) in January 2017)Accounting Standard Update (ASU) No. 2018-13, "Fair Value Measurement (Topic 820): Disclosure Framework-Changes to the Disclosure Requirements for Fair Value Measurement" (ASU 2018-13), "Intangibles - Goodwill and Other (Topic 350): Simplifying the Test for Goodwill Impairment" (ASU 2017-04) on a prospective basis. This ASU removes Step 2 of the goodwill impairment test, which requires a hypothetical purchase price allocation. Under the new guidance, a goodwill impairment will be measured as the amount by which a reporting unit’s carrying value exceeds its fair value. The amount of any impairment may not exceed the carrying amount of goodwill.when it became effective. The amendments shouldin ASU 2018-13 remove, modify, and add required disclosures for companies related to recurring and nonrecurring fair value measurements under Topic 820. Certain amendments in this guidance are required to be applied on a prospective basis. As discussedprospectively, and others are to be applied retrospectively. The amendments in Note 7 Goodwill, Long-lived Assets,ASU 2018-13 only related to financial statement disclosures and Other Intangibles, management determined no triggering events had occurred for any of its three reporting units in fiscal 2018 and the Company's annual fourth quarter impairment testing did not result in a goodwill impairment loss being recorded; therefore, the early adoption of this guidance did not have anya significant impact on the Company's consolidated financial statements or the results of operations as of and for the twelve-month period ended January 31, 2018.its note disclosures.

In the fiscal 2018 first quarter when it became effective,of fiscal year 2021, the Company adopted FASB ASU 2016-09 (issued in March 2016), "Compensation2016-13, "Financial Instruments - Stock CompensationCredit Losses (Topic 718)326): Improvements to Employee Share-Based Payment Accounting"Measurement of Credit Losses on Financial Instruments" (ASU 2016-09). ASU 2016-09 amends the accounting for employee share-based payment transactions to require recognition of the tax effects resulting from the settlement of stock-based awards as discrete income tax expense or benefit in the income statement in the reporting period in which they occur. This guidance also requires that all tax-related cash flows resulting from share-based awards be disclosed as operating cash flows in the statement of cash flows and that cash paid to taxing authorities on the behalf of employees for withheld shares be classified as a financing activity in the statement of cash flows. Finally, this ASU allows companies to make an accounting policy election to either estimate the number of awards that are expected to vest, consistent with current GAAP, or account for forfeitures when they occur. The Company accounts for forfeitures as they occur. The Company is prospectively recognizing excess tax benefits or deficits on vesting or settlement of awards, when they occur, as a discrete income tax benefit or expense instead of as additional paid-in capital as required under previous guidance. This change to the Company's accounting policies resulted in recognition of income tax expense of $692, or $0.02 per diluted share, for the twelve-month period ended January 31, 2018. These tax-related cash flows are now classified within operating activities. The Company classifies tax payments made to taxing authorities on the employee's behalf for withheld shares as a financing activity on the statement of cash flows, as such the adoption of this guidance had no impact. Under the new guidance, excess tax benefits are no longer included in assumed proceeds under the treasury stock method of calculating earnings per share. The increase in incremental shares used in the weighted average diluted shares calculation was not material to the Company's diluted earnings per share calculation.

In the fiscal 2018 first quarter2016-13), when it became effective along with all subsequent amendments to Topic 326 issued by FASB. Current GAAP generally delays recognition of the Company adoptedfull amount of credit losses until the FASB ASU No. 2015-11 (issued in July 2015), "Inventory (Topic 330) Simplifying the Measurementloss is deemed probable of Inventory" (ASU 2015-11) on a prospective basis.occurring. The amendments in ASU 2015-11 clarify thatthis guidance eliminate the probable initial recognition threshold and, instead, reflect an entity’s current estimate of all expected credit losses. Previously, when credit losses were measured under GAAP, an entity should measure inventory withingenerally only considered past events and current conditions in measuring the incurred loss. At adoption, the Company did not have any financial instruments in scope under ASU 2016-13 other than trade accounts receivables. In accordance with ASU 2016-13, the Company updated its current expected credit loss model for its trade accounts receivable and remeasured its allowance for credit losses as of this update at the lower of costFebruary 1, 2020. The remeasurement impact was immaterial and net realizable value. Net realizable value is the estimated selling priceno cumulative accounting adjustment was recorded to retained earnings in the ordinary coursefirst quarter of business, less reasonably predictable costsfiscal year 2021.

New Accounting Standards Not Yet Adopted
There are no significant ASUs issued and not yet adopted as of completion, disposal, and transportation. Substantial and unusual losses that result from subsequent measurement of inventory should be disclosed in the financial statements. Previously the Company reported its inventory at the lower of cost or market. Market was defined as replacement cost with a ceiling of net realizable value and a floor of net realizable value less a normal profit margin. The Company evaluates its inventory in all three reporting segments quarterly to determine if cost exceeds netJanuary 31, 2021.
46


(Dollars in thousands, except per-share amounts)                            

realizable value and records a write-down, if necessary. The adoption of this guidance did not have any impact on the consolidated financial statements or the results of operations as of and for the twelve-month period ended January 31, 2018.

New Accounting Standards Not Yet Adopted
In February 2018, the FASB issued ASU No. 2018-02, "Income Statement - Reporting Comprehensive Income (Topic 220): Reclassification of Certain Tax Effects from Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income" (ASU 2018-02). The amendments in this guidance allow a reclassification from accumulated other comprehensive income to retained earnings for stranded tax effects resulting from the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act (TCJA). Consequently, the amendments eliminate the stranded tax effects resulting from the TCJA and will improve the usefulness of information reported. The amendments in this update are effective for all entities for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2018, and interim periods within those fiscal years. Early adoption of the amendments in this update is permitted, including adoption in any interim period for which financial statements have not yet been issued. The amendments in this update may be applied either in the period of adoption or retrospectively to each period (or periods) in which the effect of the change in the U.S. federal corporate income tax rate in the TCJA is recognized. The Company is evaluating the impact the adoption of this guidance will have on the stranded tax effects in accumulated other comprehensive income related to the Company's postretirement benefit plan.

In May 2017, the FASB issued ASU No. 2017-09, "Compensation - Stock Compensation (Topic 718): Scope of Modification Accounting" (ASU 2017-09). The guidance amends the scope of modification accounting for share-based payment arrangements. The ASU provides guidance on the types of changes to the terms or conditions of share-based payment awards to which an entity would be required to apply modification accounting under Topic 718. Specifically, an entity would not apply modification accounting if the fair value, vesting conditions, and classification of the awards as equity instruments or as liability instruments are the same immediately before and after the modification to the award. The guidance is effective for annual periods, including interim periods, in fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2017. Early adoption is permitted and the amendments should be applied prospectively to an award modified on or after the adoption date. The Company currently has no plans to modify any of its outstanding awards. The Company does not expect the adoption of this guidance will have a significant impact on its consolidated financial statements, results of operations, and disclosures.

In March 2017, the FASB issued ASU No. 2017-07, "Compensation - Retirement Benefits (Topic 715): Improving the Presentation of Net Periodic Postretirement Benefit Cost" (ASU 2017-07). The guidance clarifies where the cost components of the net benefit cost should be reported in the income statement and it allows only the service cost to be capitalized. Currently the Company reports all of the components of the net benefit cost in "Operating income" in the Consolidated Statement of Income and Comprehensive Income. The net benefit cost for participants that are active employees is reported in the same manner as each participant's compensation cost is classified in the Consolidated Statement of Income and Comprehensive Income. The net benefit cost attributable to retired (inactive) participants is reported in "Selling, general, and administrative expenses" in the Consolidated Statement of Income and Comprehensive Income. Under the new guidance only the service cost component of the net benefit cost will be classified the same as the participant's compensation cost. The other components of the net benefit cost are required to be reported separately as a non-operating income (expense). The guidance is effective for annual periods, including interim periods, in fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2017. Early adoption is permitted and the amendments should be applied retrospectively. The Company does not expect this guidance will have a significant impact on its consolidated financial statements, results of operations and disclosures since it primarily will only change how the net benefit cost is classified in the Company's Consolidated Statements of Income and Comprehensive Income.

In February 2017, the FASB issued ASU No. 2017-05, "Other Income - Gains and Losses from the Derecognition of Nonfinancial Assets (Subtopic 610-20): Clarifying the Scope of Asset Derecognition Guidance and Accounting for Partial Sales of Nonfinancial Assets" (ASU 2017-05). Subtopic 610-20 was issued as part of the new revenue standard. It provides guidance for recognizing gains and losses from the transfer of nonfinancial assets in contracts with non-customers. The new guidance defines “in substance nonfinancial assets,” unifies guidance related to partial sales of nonfinancial assets, eliminates rules specifically addressing sales of real estate, removes exceptions to the financial asset derecognition model, and clarifies the accounting for contributions of nonfinancial assets to joint ventures. The amendments are effective for annual periods beginning after December 15, 2017 with early adoption permitted. Transition can use either the full retrospective approach or the modified retrospective approach. The Company does not expect the adoption of this guidance will have a significant impact on its consolidated financial statements, results of operations, and associated disclosures.

In November 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-16, "Income Taxes (Topic 740) Intra-Entity Transfers of Assets Other Than Inventory" (ASU 2016-16). Current GAAP prohibits the recognition of current and deferred income taxes for an intra-entity asset transfer until the asset has been sold to an outside party. In addition, interpretations of this guidance have developed in practice over the years for transfers of certain intangible and tangible assets. This prohibition on recognition is an exception to the principle of comprehensive recognition of current and deferred income taxes in GAAP. The new guidance eliminates the exception for an intra-entity transfer of an asset other than inventory. The amendments in ASU 2016-16 are effective for fiscal years beginning

(Dollars in thousands, except per-share amounts)                            

after December 15, 2017, and interim periods within those fiscal years. The Company can early adopt ASU 2016-16, but earlier adoption must be in the first quarter of the fiscal year. The amendments in ASU 2016-16 will be applied on a modified retrospective basis through a cumulative-effect adjustment directly to retained earnings as of the beginning of the period of adoption. The Company does not expect the adoption of this guidance will have significant impact on its consolidated financial statements, results of operations, and associated disclosures.

In August 2016 the FASB issued ASU 2016-15, "Statement of Cash Flows (Topic 230) Classification of Certain Cash Receipts and Cash Payments" (ASU 2016-15). The new guidance clarifies eight cash flow classification issues where current GAAP was either unclear or had no specific guidance. The new standard is effective for annual reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2017 and interim periods within those fiscal years. All entities may elect to early adopt ASU 2016-15 in any interim period. If an entity early adopts it must adopt all eight of the amendments in the same period and if early adopted in an interim period any adjustments should be reflected as of the beginning of the year. The amendments in ASU 2016-15 will be applied using the modified retrospective transition method for each period presented. The specific classification issues clarified in the guidance either are not applicable to the Company or are consistent with how the Company currently classifies them, therefore the Company does not expect the adoption of this guidance will have a significant impact on the classification of these specific items in its Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows.

In February 2016 the FASB issued ASU No. 2016-02, "Leases (Topic 842)" (ASU 2016-02). The primary difference between previous GAAP and ASU 2016-02 is the recognition of lease assets and lease liabilities by lessees for those leases classified as operating leases under previous GAAP. The guidance requires a lessee to recognize in the statement of financial position a liability to make lease payments (the lease liability) and a right-of-use asset representing its right to use the underlying asset for the lease term. When measuring assets and liabilities arising from a lease, a lessee (and a lessor) should include payments to be made in optional periods only if the lessee is reasonably certain to exercise an option to extend the lease or not to exercise an option to terminate the lease. Similarly, optional payments to purchase the underlying asset should be included in the measurement of lease assets and lease liabilities only if the lessee is reasonably certain to exercise that purchase option. For leases with a term of 12 months or less, a lessee is permitted to make an accounting policy election by class of underlying asset not to recognize lease assets and lease liabilities. If a lessee makes this election, it should recognize lease expense for such leases generally on a straight-line basis over the lease term. ASU 2016-02 is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2018. Lessees and lessors are required to recognize and measure leases at the beginning of the earliest period presented using a modified retrospective approach. The modified retrospective approach includes a number of optional practical expedients that entities may elect to apply. An entity that elects to apply the practical expedients will, in effect, continue to account for leases that commence before the effective date in accordance with previous GAAP unless the lease is modified, except that lessees are required to recognize a right-of-use asset and a lease liability for all operating leases at each reporting date based on the present value of the remaining minimum rental payments that were tracked and disclosed under previous GAAP. In addition, FASB has amended Topic 842 prior to it becoming effective. The effective date and transition requirements for these amendments to Topic 842 are the same as ASU 2016-02. The Company is in the initial stages of evaluating the impact the adoption of this guidance will have on its consolidated financial statements, results of operations, and disclosures which will include recognizing a lease liability and a right-of-use asset representing its right to use the underlying asset for the lease term.

In January of 2016, the FASB issued ASU No. 2016-01, "Financial Instruments-Overall (Subtopic 825-10): Recognition and Measurement of Financial Assets and Financial Liabilities." The updated accounting guidance requires changes to the reporting model for financial instruments. The amendments in this guidance supersede the guidance to classify equity securities with readily determinable fair values into different categories (that is, trading or available-for sale) and require equity securities (including other ownership interests, such as partnerships, unincorporated joint ventures, and limited liability companies to be measured at fair value with changes in the fair value recognized through net income. An entity’s equity investments that are accounted for under the equity method of accounting or result in consolidation of an investee are not included within the scope of this update. The amendments also require separate presentation of financial assets and financial liabilities by measurement category and form of financial asset (that is, securities or loans and receivables) on the balance sheet or in the accompanying notes to the financial statements. This guidance is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2017, including interim periods within those fiscal years. Since the securities held at the time of adoption that are in scope under this new guidance will be immaterial in amount, the Company does not expect the adoption of this guidance and the subsequent changes to Subtopic 825-10 in ASU 2018-03 "Technical Corrections and Improvements to Financial Instruments—Overall (Subtopic 825-10): Recognition and Measurement of Financial Assets and Financial Liabilities," will have a significant impact to the Company's financial statements, results of operations, and disclosures.

In May 2014 the FASB issued ASU No. 2014-09, "Revenue from Contracts with Customers (Topic 606)" (ASU 2014-09). ASU 2014-09 provides a comprehensive new recognition model that requires recognition of revenue when a company transfers promised goods or services to customers in an amount that reflects the consideration to which the company expects to receive in exchange for those goods or services. This guidance supersedes the revenue recognition requirements in FASB ASC Topic 605, "Revenue

(Dollars in thousands, except per-share amounts)                            

Recognition," and most industry-specific guidance. ASU 2014-09 defines a five-step process to achieve this core principle and, in doing so, companies will need to use more judgment and make more estimates than under the current guidance. It also requires additional disclosure about the nature, amount, timing, and uncertainty of revenue and cash flows arising from customer contracts. In August 2015, the FASB approved a one-year deferral of the effective date (ASU 2015-14) and the standard is now effective for the Company for fiscal 2019 and interim periods therein. The guidance may be applied using either of the following transition methods: (i) a full retrospective approach reflecting the application of the standard in each prior reporting period with the option to elect certain practical expedients or (ii) a retrospective approach with the cumulative effect of initially adopting ASU 2014-09 recognized at the date of adoption (which includes additional footnote disclosures). In addition, FASB has amended Topic 606 prior to it becoming effective. The effective date and transition requirements for these amendments to Topic 606 are the same as ASU 2014-09. The Company has completed its assessment of the impact that the standard will have on revenue recognition. The Company has reviewed contracts for all material revenue streams across the Company's three divisions, held discussions with key stakeholders, and assessed potential impacts on the Company’s consolidated financial statements, results of operations, disclosures, and internal controls over financial reporting. The Company currently recognizes a significant majority of its revenue across all three divisions at a point-in-time with some exceptions that are recognized over time. These exceptions primarily relate to certain revenue streams within the Aerostar Division and installation sales within the Engineered Films Division. Management has determined that this will remain materially consistent upon adoption of the new standard, but has identified a few exceptions within the Aerostar Division and the Engineered Films Division for which revenue recognition will change from point-in-time to over time. As such, in these limited instances revenue may be recognized sooner than it had been in prior years under previously applicable accounting guidance. While these limited differences have been identified, due to the timing of activities under these revenue streams no adjustment to beginning retained earnings will be necessary upon adoption. Additionally, the Company will make additional disclosures related to the revenues arising from contracts with customers as required by the new standard. The Company will adopt this guidance in the first quarter of fiscal 2019 using the modified retrospective approach.



(Dollars in thousands, except per-share amounts)                            

NOTE 2SELECTED BALANCE SHEET INFORMATION

NOTE 2 SELECTED BALANCE SHEET INFORMATION
Following are the components of selected balance sheet items:
As of January 31,
20212020
Accounts receivable, net:
Trade accounts$47,879 $56,978 
Unbilled receivables2,734 6,954 
Allowance for credit losses(1,944)(1,380)
$48,669 $62,552 
Inventories, net:
Finished goods$7,684 $6,309 
In process759 3,287 
Materials44,260 44,303 
$52,703 $53,899 
Other current assets:
Federal income tax receivable1,440 1,370 
Prepaid expenses and other4,336 4,028 
Insurance policy benefit$0 $38 
$5,776 $5,436 
Property, plant and equipment, net(a):
Land$3,117 $3,117 
Buildings and improvements84,651 80,330 
Machinery and equipment169,252 158,354 
Financing lease right-of-use assets1,282 881 
258,302 242,682 
Accumulated depreciation(152,295)(141,832)
$106,007 $100,850 
Other assets:
Equity investments$1,595 $1,289 
Operating lease right-of-use assets6,850 4,275 
Deferred income taxes360 16 
Other2,211 1,507 
$11,016 $7,087 
Accrued liabilities:
Salaries and related$4,881 $4,188 
Benefits6,255 5,339 
Insurance obligations1,896 1,680 
Warranties2,068 2,019 
Income taxes238 293 
Other taxes2,386 1,734 
Acquisition-related contingent consideration2,000 763 
Lease liability2,482 2,530 
Other8,195 2,197 
$30,401 $20,743 
Other liabilities:
Postretirement benefits$8,996 $8,741 
Acquisition-related contingent consideration0 2,171 
Lease liability5,426 2,627 
Deferred income taxes2,091 7,080 
Uncertain tax positions2,692 2,606 
Other4,792 5,936 
$23,997 $29,161 
  As of January 31,
  
2018(a)
 
2017(a)
Accounts receivable, net:    
Trade accounts $59,510
 $43,834
Allowance for doubtful accounts (978) (691)
  $58,532
 $43,143
Inventories:    
Finished goods $8,054
 $5,438
In process 961
 2,288
Materials 46,336
 34,610
  $55,351
 $42,336
Other current assets:    
Insurance policy benefit $759
 $802
Federal income tax receivable 1,397
 604
Prepaid expenses and other 3,705
 1,283
  $5,861
 $2,689
Property, plant and equipment, net:    
Assets held for use and assets held for sale(a):
    
Land $3,234
 $3,054
Buildings and improvements 80,299
 77,817
Machinery and equipment 149,847
 142,471
Accumulated depreciation (127,523) (117,018)
  $105,857
 $106,324
     
Property, plant and equipment subject to capital leases:    
Machinery and equipment 488
 
Accumulated amortization for capitalized leases (65) 
  423
 
  $106,280
 $106,324
Other assets:    
Equity investments $1,955
 $2,371
Deferred income taxes 19
 18
Other 976
 1,283
  $2,950
 $3,672
Accrued liabilities:    
Salaries and related $9,409
 $6,286
Benefits 4,225
 3,960
Insurance obligations 1,992
 2,400
Warranties 1,163
 1,547
Income taxes 226
 498
Other taxes 1,880
 1,540
Acquisition-related contingent consideration 1,036
 445
Other 2,015
 1,379
  $21,946
 $18,055
Other liabilities:    
Postretirement benefits $8,264
 $8,054
Acquisition-related contingent consideration 2,010
 1,397
Deferred income taxes 615
 1,421
Uncertain tax positions 2,634
 2,610
Other 272
 214
  $13,795
 $13,696

(a) Includes assets held for use and assets held for sale. The amount of assets and liabilities held for sale as of January 31, 2018 are separately disclosed in Note 3 - Assets Held For Sale in Item 8 of this Form 10-K. There were no assets or liabilities held for sale as of2021, and January 31, 2017.2020, were not material.
47


(Dollars in thousands, except per-share amounts)                            

NOTE 3ASSETS HELD FOR SALE

Aerostar
The Company continually analyzes its product and service offerings to ensure we serve market segments with attractive near- and long-term growth prospects that are consistent with our core capabilities. Through this continued evaluation, the Company's Aerostar segment finalized a plan ("the Plan") to actively market the sale of its client private and radar product lines, each of which it has determined constitutes a business. During the second quarter of fiscal 2018 the Company determined that it was probable that these product lines would be sold within one year.
During the fourth quarter, Aerostar modified the plan and no longer marketed the sale of its radar product line. A buyer was identified and the sale of the client private business was completed subsequent to the end of fiscal 2018. As such, and as of January 31, 2018, the radar product line is not considered held for sale.
The Company has identified specific assets and liabilities that have been sold, including an allocation of goodwill based on the relative fair value of the business. The Company has determined that the final selling price will be in excess of the net book value. As such there is no impact to the Consolidated Statement of Income for the twelve-month period ended January 31, 2018.
Under the Plan, Aerostar will remain focused on serving the aerospace/defense market with its stratospheric balloon and radar product lines.
The amounts of assets and liabilities classified as held for sale were as follows:
  As of January 31
 2018
Assets held for sale  
Property, plant and equipment, net 63
Goodwill 103
Amortizable intangible assets, net 329
Other assets 17
          Total assets held for sale $512
   
Liabilities held for sale
  
Current liabilities $91
Total liabilities held for sale $91


There were no assets held for sale as of January 31, 2017.

(Dollars in thousands, except per-share amounts)                            

NOTE 4ACCUMULATED OTHER COMPREHENSIVE INCOME (LOSS)

Other comprehensive income (loss) refers to revenue, expenses, gains, and losses that under GAAP are recorded as an element of shareholders' equity but are excluded from net income. The changes in the components of accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) (AOCI) are shown below:
Cumulative foreign currency translation adjustmentPostretirement benefitsTotal
Balance at January 31, 2019$(2,238)$(1,318)$(3,556)
Other comprehensive (loss) before reclassifications(994)(994)
Amounts reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive
     (loss) after tax benefit of $251
(865)(865)
Balance at January 31, 2020(3,232)(2,183)(5,415)
Other comprehensive income before reclassifications2,299 2,299 
Amounts reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive
     (loss) after tax benefit of $65
(225)(225)
Balance at January 31, 2021$(933)$(2,408)$(3,341)
  Cumulative foreign currency translation adjustment Postretirement benefits Total
Balance at January 31, 2016 $(2,477) $(1,024) $(3,501)
Other comprehensive income (loss) before reclassifications 50
 
 50
Amounts reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive (loss) after tax benefit of $129 
 (225) (225)
Balance at January 31, 2017 (2,427) (1,249) (3,676)
Other comprehensive income before reclassifications 1,234
 
 1,234
Amounts reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive (loss) after tax benefit of $44 
 (131) (131)
Balance at January 31, 2018 $(1,193) $(1,380) $(2,573)

Postretirement benefit cost components are reclassified in their entirety from AOCIaccumulated other comprehensive loss to net periodic benefit cost. Net periodic benefit costs areService cost is reported in net income as “Cost"Cost of sales”sales" or “Selling,"Selling, general, and administrative expenses”expenses" in a manner consistent with the classification of direct labor and personnel costs of the eligible employees. The components of the net periodic benefit cost, other than the service cost component, are classified as a non-operating expense in "Other income (expense), net" on the Consolidated Statements of Income and Comprehensive Income.


NOTE 54SUPPLEMENTAL CASH FLOW INFORMATION
  For the years ended January 31,
  2018 2017 2016
Changes in operating assets and liabilities:      
Accounts receivable $(7,014) $(5,361) $16,847
Inventories (11,062) 1,215
 7,564
Prepaid expenses and other assets (2,445) 228
 (111)
Accounts payable 1,280
 2,558
 (5,059)
Accrued and other liabilities 2,560
 8,405
 (9,353)
  $(16,681) $7,045
 $9,888
       
Supplemental disclosures of cash flow information:      
Cash paid during the year for income taxes $19,854
 $6,618
 $6,558
Interest paid $186
 $190
 $129
       
Significant non-cash transactions:      
  Capital expenditures included in accounts payable $418
 $84
 $161
  Assets acquired under capital leases $79
 $
 $
  Capital expenditures converted from inventory $
 $
 $1,036


For the years ended January 31,
202120202019
Changes in operating assets and liabilities:
Accounts receivable$12,045 $(9,118)$3,938 
Inventories(1,151)891 1,092 
Prepaid expenses and other assets(340)2,092 (2,440)
Accounts payable3,408 5,493 (4,517)
Accrued and other liabilities4,297 (1,894)3,480 
$18,259 $(2,536)$1,553 
Supplemental disclosures of cash flow information:
Cash paid during the year for income taxes$4,771 $4,377 $8,225 
Interest paid281 267 227 
Significant non-cash transactions:
  Capital expenditures and other intangibles included in accounts payable and other liabilities$895 $740 $655 
  Redeemable noncontrolling interest in accrued liabilities5,333 
  Redeemable noncontrolling interest in other liabilities0 2,224 
  Assets acquired under capital leases0 38 
Right-of-use assets obtained in exchange for lease obligations:
 Finance leases$677 $435 $
 Operating leases5,555 1,924 
Capital expenditures converted from inventories2,930 

48


(Dollars in thousands, except per-share amounts)                            

NOTE 5REVENUE

Nature of goods and services
The Company is comprised of 3 unique operating divisions, classified into reportable business segments: Applied Technology, Engineered Films, and Aerostar. The following is a description of principal activities, separated by segment, from which the Company generates revenue. Service revenues and contract losses are not material and are not separately disclosed. Furthermore, the Company primarily acts as a principal in transactions and recognizes revenue on a gross basis for which it is entitled from its customers.

Applied Technology
Applied Technology designs, manufactures, sells, and services innovative precision agriculture products and information management tools, which are collectively referred to as precision agriculture equipment, that help farmers reduce costs, more precisely control inputs, and improve farm yields for the global agriculture market. Customers can purchase precision agriculture equipment individually or in large quantities. For purchases made in large quantities, the Company accounts for each piece of equipment separately, as each is a distinct performance obligation from which the customer derives benefit. The stand-alone selling prices are determined based on the prices at which the Company charges other customers for similar products in similar circumstances. Kits or bundles, which can consist of various pieces of equipment, are shipped together and therefore allocation of transaction price does not impact timing of revenue recognition. In the normal course of business the customer agrees to a fixed price and revenue is recognized when control has transferred to the customer.

Engineered Films
Engineered Films produces high-performance plastic films and sheeting for geomembrane, agricultural, construction, and industrial applications and also offers design-build and installation services of these plastic films and sheeting. Plastic film and sheeting can be purchased separately or together with installation services. The majority of transactions within Engineered Films are considered non-customized product-only sales. The Company accounts for each product separately, as each is a distinct performance obligation from which the customer derives benefit. The stand-alone selling prices are determined based on the prices at which the Company charges other customers for similar products in similar circumstances. In the normal course of business, the customer agrees to a fixed price and revenue is recognized when control has transferred to the customer.

The remaining transactions within Engineered Films are related to installation and/or customized product sales. Installation revenues are recognized over time using the cost incurred input method (i.e., costs incurred to date relative to total estimated costs at completion) because of continuous transfer of control to customers. For customized product-only sales, the Company recognizes revenue over time by applying an output method, such as units delivered, to measure progress.

Aerostar
Aerostar serves the aerospace and defense and commercial lighter-than-air markets. Aerostar's core products include high-altitude stratospheric platforms, technical services, and radar systems. These products can be integrated with additional third-party sensors to provide research, communications, and situational awareness capabilities to governmental and commercial customers. Aerostar pursues product and support services contracts with U.S. government agencies. Product sales to customers for which the division does not continuously transfer control are recognized based on a point-in-time. Contracts with customers which include elements of service, and are considered to be single performance obligations, are recognized over time. The stand-alone selling prices are determined based on the prices at which the Company charges other customers for similar products or services in similar circumstances. In the normal course of business the customer agrees to a fixed price. For revenues recognized at a point-in-time, the Company recognizes revenue when control has transferred to the customer. Certain lighter-than-air contracts are recognized over time using the cost incurred input method. The remaining transactions are recognized over time applying an output method, such as units delivered, to measure progress.

Disaggregation of Revenues
In the following table, revenue is disaggregated by major product category and geography as the Company believes these categories best depict how the nature, amount, timing and uncertainty of revenue and cash flows are affected by economic factors. The table also includes a reconciliation of the disaggregated revenue for all segments.




49


(Dollars in thousands, except per-share amounts)                            
Revenue by Product Category
For the year ended January 31, 2021
ATDEFDAERO
ELIM(a)
Total
Lighter-than-Air
    Domestic$ $ $36,966 $ $36,966 
    International  68  68 
Plastic Films & Sheeting
    Domestic 135,842  (100)135,742 
    International 12,079  0 12,079 
Precision Agriculture Equipment
    Domestic113,640   (3)113,637 
    International33,558   0 33,558 
Other
Domestic  16,300  16,300 
    International  9  9 
Totals$147,198 $147,921 $53,343 $(103)$348,359 
For the year ended January 31, 2020
ATDEFDAERO
ELIM(a)
Total
Lighter-than-Air
    Domestic$— $— $36,535 $— $36,535 
    International— — 52 — 52 
Plastic Films & Sheeting
    Domestic— 187,087 — (90)186,997 
    International— 10,632 — 10,632 
Precision Agriculture Equipment
    Domestic99,137 — — (2)99,135 
    International31,323 — — 31,323 
Other
    Domestic— — 17,731 — 17,731 
    International— — 125 — 125 
Totals$130,460 $197,719 $54,443 $(92)$382,530 
For the year ended January 31, 2019
ATDEFDAERO
ELIM(a)
Total
Lighter-than-Air
    Domestic$— $— $37,866 $— $37,866 
    International— — 932 — 932 
Plastic Films & Sheeting
    Domestic— 208,882 — (512)208,370 
    International— 17,692 — 17,692 
Precision Agriculture Equipment
    Domestic100,051 — — (10)100,041 
    International29,698 — — 29,698 
Other
    Domestic— — 12,062 — 12,062 
    International— — — 
Totals$129,749 $226,574 $50,867 $(522)$406,668 
(a) Intersegment sales for fiscal years 2021, 2020, and 2019 were primarily sales from Engineered Films to Aerostar.


50


(Dollars in thousands, except per-share amounts)                            
Contract Balances
Contract balances include contract assets and contract liabilities that are recorded when the Company enters into a contract with a customer. Contract assets primarily relate to the Company’s rights to consideration for work completed but not billed (unbilled receivables) at the reporting date, or retainage provisions on billings that have been issued. Contract assets are converted to receivables when the right to collect becomes unconditional. The Company's contract assets reported at January 31, 2021 and 2020 primarily relate to Engineered Films' geomembrane installation services and service contracts for Aerostar's lighter-than air products and radar processing systems. Contract assets are reported in "Accounts receivable, net" in the Consolidated Balance Sheets.

Contract liabilities consist of customer advances and deferred revenue. Contract liabilities primarily relate to consideration received from customers prior to transferring goods or services to the customer. Contract liabilities are reported in "Other current liabilities" in the Consolidated Balance Sheets.

The changes in contract assets and liabilities were as follows:
January 31,
2021
January 31,
2020
$
Change
% Change
Contract assets$3,256 $7,525 $(4,269)(56.7)%
Contract liabilities$2,998 $2,288 $710 31.0 %

During the twelve months ended January 31, 2021, the Company’s contract assets decreased by $4,269 and contract liabilities increased by $710, primarily as a result of the contract terms which include timing of customer payments, timing of invoicing, and progress made on open contracts. The Company's contract assets at January 31, 2021, are primarily unbilled receivables that will be invoiced in first quarter of next year. The Company's contract liabilities at January 31, 2021, include customer advances that will substantially all convert to revenue recognized during the next fiscal year. Due to the short-term nature of the Company’s contracts, substantially all of the contract assets that existed as of January 31, 2020, were converted to accounts receivable. In addition the Company's contract liabilities that existed as of January 31, 2020, were recognized as revenue during fiscal 2021.

Remaining performance obligations
As of January 31, 2021, the Company has 0 remaining performance obligations related to customer contracts that had an original expected duration of one year or more.

NOTE 6ACQUISITIONS OF AND INVESTMENTS IN BUSINESSES AND TECHNOLOGIES

Fiscal year 2021 acquisitions.
Colorado Lining International, Inc.There were no material business acquisitions in the twelve-month period ended January 31, 2021.

Fiscal year 2020 acquisitions
On November 1, 2019, the Company acquired Smart Ag. Smart Agis a technology company located in Ames, Iowa, that develops autonomous farming solutions for agriculture. Smart AgSeptembercurrently offers aftermarket retrofit kits to automate farm equipment as well as a platform to connect, manage, and safely operate autonomous agricultural machinery.

On November 13, 2019, the Company acquired a majority ownership in DOT. Simultaneously with acquiring this majority ownership, the Company contributed cash to DOT in exchange for additional equity, making the majority ownership percentage in DOT 60% when the transaction closed. DOT, located in Regina, Saskatchewan, Canada, designs autonomous agriculture solutions and manufactures a unique U-shaped agriculture platform to semi-autonomously handle a large variety of agriculture implements. The acquisition provided noncontrolling interest shareholders various put options that, if exercised, obligated the Company to purchase their outstanding DOT shares. Due to the redemption features, the noncontrolling interest was classified as a redeemable noncontrolling interest in the Company’s Consolidated Balance Sheets as of January 31, 2020.

Both acquisitions aligned under the Company's Applied Technology Division and complement the division's suite of precision ag products and solutions. The aggregate purchase price was approximately $54,000, excluding the noncontrolling interest.

During the first quarter of fiscal 2021, certain minority interest shareholders in DOT exercised their put options, requiring the Company to redeem the remaining noncontrolling interest in DOT. The Company closed on the transaction to purchase the shares of the largest minority shareholder for $17,853 in the second quarter of fiscal 2021. The remaining redeemable amount,
51


(Dollars in thousands, except per-share amounts)                            
as well as the liability for the noncontrolling interest redeemed in the prior fiscal year, totaling approximately $5,333, is payable in November 2021 and is classified as "Accrued Liabilities" in the Consolidated Balance Sheets at January 31, 2021.
Including the noncontrolling interest, $56,022 of the purchase price was allocated to goodwill. Identifiable intangible assets acquired of $31,800 were primarily indefinite-lived intangible assets for in-process R&D. Amortization of these indefinite-lived intangible assets will start when the current in-process R&D project is complete and the product is commercialized, which is expected to occur in fiscal 2022. Amortization of the indefinite-lived intangibles will be on a straight-line basis over the remaining estimated useful lives of these assets. The Company expects the useful lives will range from seven to ten years.
The Company completed the valuation of intangible assets and pre-acquisition tax filings during the first and second quarters of fiscal 2021. The following adjustments were made to the purchase price allocation during fiscal 2021:
Reported January 31, 2020Measurement Period AdjustmentsAdjusted Balance
Current assets$2,080 $2,080
Goodwill$56,022 $(440)$55,582 
Intangible assets, net31,800 (600)31,200 
Other long-term assets1,770 1,770 
Deferred income taxes(4,158)1,005 (3,153)
Accounts payable and other current liabilities(1,462)35(1,427)
Long-term liabilities(7,587)0(7,587)
Fair value of consideration transferred, including noncontrolling interest78,465 78,465 
  Less: redeemable noncontrolling interest24,315 (redeemed and acquired in fiscal year 2021)
  Fair value of purchase price consideration transferred, excluding noncontrolling interest$54,150  

The following pro forma consolidated condensed financial results of operations are presented as if the acquisitions described above had been completed at the beginning of fiscal 2019 (unaudited):
(Unaudited)
For the years ended January 31,
20202019
Net sales$383,418 $406,886 
Net income attributable to Raven Industries, Inc.$29,685 $48,210 
Earnings per common share
   Basic$0.82 $1.34 
   Diluted$0.82 $1.32 

These unaudited pro forma consolidated financial results have been prepared for comparative purposes only and include certain adjustments that were not material in nature. The pro forma information does not purport to be indicative of the results of operations that would have resulted had these business combinations occurred at the beginning of each period presented, or of future results of the consolidated entities. These acquisitions contributed 0 revenues and reduced fiscal 2020 net income attributable to Raven by $2,279.

Fiscal year 2019 acquisition
On January 1, 2017,2019, the Company completed the acquisition of substantially all of the assets ("the acquisition"AgSync Acquisition") of Colorado Lining International,AgSync Inc. (AgSync), a Coloradoan Indiana corporation, headquartered in Parker, CO (“CLI”). TheWakarusa, Indiana. This acquisition was aligned under the Company’s Engineered Films Division.Applied Technology Division and enhanced its Slingshot platform by delivering a more seamless logistics solution for ag retailers, aerial applicators, custom applicators and enterprise farms. The acquisition enhanced the Company’s geomembrane market position through extended

(Dollars in thousands, except per-share amounts)                            

service and product offerings with the addition of new design-build and installation service components, and advanced Engineered Films’ business model into a vertically-integrated, full-service solutions provider for the geomembrane market. The acquisitionAgSync Acquisition constitutes a business and as such was accounted for as a business combination.combination; however, the business combination was not significant enough to warrant pro-forma financial information.

The acquisition included a working capital adjustment that was settled in January 2018. The final working capital adjustment was $566 which brought the purchase price to $14,938. The purchase price includeswas approximately $9,700 which included potential earn-out payments with an estimated fair value of $1,256 which are$2,052. The earn-out is contingent upon achieving certain revenues and operational synergies.

revenue milestones. The fair valuepurchase price of the business acquired was allocated to the assets acquired and liabilities assumed based on their estimated fair values. The excess of the purchase price
52


(Dollars in thousands, except per-share amounts)                            
over the fair value of the identifiable assets acquired and liabilities assumed is reflected as goodwill. Goodwillgoodwill, which is fully tax deductible. The Company completed the valuation and the purchase price allocation during the first quarter of fiscal 2020. This resulted in an adjustment in the fiscal 2020 first quarter that increased the purchase price and the estimated fair value of the contingent earn-out payments by approximately $300. The goodwill and identifiable intangible assets recorded as part of the purchase price allocation was $5,714, all of which is tax deductible. Identifiable intangible assets acquired as part of the acquisitionat January 31, 2020, were $610, including definite-lived intangibles, such as customer relationships$4,526 and order backlog.$5,700, respectively.

Acquisition-related contingent consideration
The Company has a contingent liability related to the acquisition of AgSync in fiscal 2019. The Company also had contingent liabilities related to the currentacquisitions of Colorado Lining International, Inc. (CLI) in fiscal year acquisition of CLI, as well as the prior acquisitions of2018; and Raven Europe B.V. (Raven Europe), formerly named SBG Innovatie BV and its affiliate, Navtronics BVBA (collectively, SBG), in May 2014 and Vista Research, Inc. (Vista)fiscal 2015; both of which were settled in January 2012.the current fiscal year. The fair value of such contingent consideration is estimated as of the acquisition date, and subsequently at the end of each reporting period, using forecasted cash flows. Projecting future cash flows requires the Company to make significant estimates and assumptions regarding future events, conditions or revenues being achieved under the subject contingent agreement as well as the appropriate discount rate. Such valuation techniques include one or more significant inputs that are not observable (Level 3 fair value measures).

Changes in the fair value of the liability for acquisition-related contingent consideration are as follows:
For the years ended January 31,
20212020
Beginning balance$2,934 $4,172 
Fair value of contingent consideration acquired0 310 
Change in fair value of the liability(437)412 
Contingent consideration earn-out paid(497)(1,960)
Ending balance$2,000 $2,934 
Classification of liability in the Consolidated Balance Sheets
Accrued Liabilities$2,000 $763 
Other Liabilities, long-term0 2,171 
Ending balance$2,000 $2,934 
  For the years ended January 31,
  2018 2017
Beginning balance $1,741
 $2,059
Fair value of contingent consideration acquired 1,256
 
Change in fair value of the liability 457
 36
Contingent consideration earn-out paid (408) (354)
Ending balance $3,046
 $1,741
     
Classification of liability in the Consolidated balance sheet    
Accrued Liabilities $1,036
 $345
Other Liabilities, long-term 2,010
 1,396
Balance at January 31, 2018 $3,046
 $1,741


As partFor the acquisition of the CLI acquisition in the current fiscal year,AgSync, the Company entered into a contingent earn-out agreement, not to exceed $2,000.$3,500. The earn-out is to be paid annually forover three years after the purchase date, contingent upon achieving certain revenue milestones. The Company has made 0 payments on this potential earn-out liability as of January 31, 2021.

Related to the acquisition of CLI in fiscal 2018, the Company committed to making additional earn-out payments, not to exceed $2,000, calculated and paid annually three years after the purchase date, contingent upon achieving certain revenues and operational synergies. To date,The Company made its final payment related to this agreement in the third quarter of fiscal 2021 and has 0 further contingent obligations related to the acquisition of CLI. Cumulatively, the Company has made no payments onpaid a total of $1,567 related to this potential earn-out liability.

In connection with the acquisition of SBG, Raven is committed to making additionalEurope, the Company entered into a contingent earn-out payments,agreement, not to exceed $2,500 calculated and paid quarterly for ten years after the purchase date contingent upon achieving certain revenues. To date,All revenue milestones under the agreement were achieved by Raven Europe in fiscal 2021. The Company has paid a total of $890 of$2,500 related to this potential earn-out liability.

Relatedliability and has 0 further contingent obligations related to the acquisition of Vista in 2012, the Company is committed to making annual payments based upon earn-out percentagesRaven Europe.
on specific revenue streams for seven years after the purchase date, not to exceed $15,000. To date, the Company has paid a total
of $1,572 of this potential earn-out liability.

Equity Method Investments
The Company has owned interests in two affiliates accounted for as equity method investments: AgEagle and SST.

AgEagle
In February 2016, the Applied Technology Division acquired an interest of approximately 5% in AgEagle. AgEagle is a privately held company that is a leading provider of unmanned aerial systems (UAS) used for agricultural applications. Contemporaneously with the execution of the stock purchase agreement, AgEagle and the Company entered into a distribution agreement whereby the Company was appointed as the sole and exclusive distributor worldwide of the existing AgEagle system as it pertains to the

(Dollars in thousands, except per-share amounts)                            

agriculture market. The Company’s equity ownership interest is considered a variable interest and it accounts for this investment under the equity method of accounting. The Company is not the primary beneficiary as the Company does not have the power to direct the activities that most significantly impact the VIE’s economic performance and the obligation to absorb losses or the right to receive benefits of the VIE that could potentially be significant to the entity. The purchase price was allocated between the equity ownership interest and an intangible asset for the exclusive distribution agreement. In April 2017, the Company determined that the investment in AgEagle, was fully impaired, further described in Note 7 Goodwill, Long-lived Assets and Other Intangibles, due to lower than expected cash flows. The Company has no commitments or guarantees related to this equity method investment.

SST
The Company’s owned interest of approximately 22% in SST is accounted for using the equity method. SST is a privately-held agricultural software development and information services provider. Raven and SST are strategically aligned to provide customers with simple, more efficient ways to move and manage data in the precision agriculture market.

Changes in the net carrying value of the Company's equity investments was as follows:
  As of January 31,
  2018 2017
Balance at beginning of year $2,371
 $2,805
Purchase price of equity investment 
 135
(Loss) income from equity investment (42) (72)
Amortization of intangible assets (320) (497)
Impairment to equity investment (72) 
Balance at end of year $1,937
 $2,371



NOTE 7GOODWILL AND LONG-LIVED ASSETS AND OTHER CHARGES

Goodwill
For goodwill, the Company performs impairment reviews by reporting unit. AtAs of the endmeasurement date of the fiscal 2016,2021 and 2020 impairment tests the Company determined theidentified that it had 4 reporting units to beunits: Applied Technology, Engineered Films, Division, Applied Technology Division,Aerostar, and two separateAutonomy. The Autonomy reporting units inunit was identified after the Aerostar Division, oneacquisitions of which was VistaSmart Ag and one of which was all other Aerostar operations (Aerostar excluding Vista).

DuringDOT, during the firstfourth quarter of fiscal 2017, management implemented managerial and financial reporting changes within Vista and Aerostar to further integrate Vista into the Aerostar Division. Integration actions included leadership re-alignment, including selling and business development leadership functions, re-deployment of employees across the division, and consolidation of administrative functions, among other actions. Based on the changes made,year 2020. For fiscal 2019, the Company consolidated the two separatehad 3 reporting units within the Aerostar Division into one reporting unit for the purposes of goodwill impairment review. As such, as of April 30, 2016, and thereafter the Company has three reporting units:measurement date: Applied Technology, Engineered Films, Division, Applied Technology Division, and Aerostar Division. The Company reviewed the quantitative and qualitative factors associated with the changeAerostar.

53


(Dollars in reporting units and determined there were no indicators of impairment at the time of the reporting unit change.thousands, except per-share amounts)                            

The changes in the carrying amount of goodwill by reporting unitoperating segment are shown below:
Applied
Technology
Engineered
Films
AerostarTotal
Balance at January 31, 2019$17,076 $33,232 $634 $50,942 
Additions due to business combinations55,989 55,989 
Foreign currency translation adjustment(422)(422)
Balance at January 31, 202072,643 33,232 634 106,509 
Measurement period adjustments(440)0 0 (440)
Foreign currency translation adjustment1,608 0 1,608 
Balance at January 31, 2021$73,811 $33,232 $634 $107,677 
  
Applied
Technology
 
Engineered
Films
 Aerostar Total
Balance at January 31, 2016 $12,365

$27,518

$789

$40,672
Foreign currency translation adjustment (23) 
 
 (23)
Reporting unit transfer balance(a)
 
 
 
 
Balance at January 31, 2017 12,342

27,518

789

40,649
Additions due to business combinations 
 5,714
 
 5,714
Divestiture of business 
 
 (52) (52)
Foreign currency translation adjustment 399
 
 
 399
Balance at January 31, 2018 $12,741

$33,232

$737

$46,710

(a) The Company combined the Aerostar and Vista reporting units in fiscal 2017. No goodwill amount was transferred between reporting units due to the goodwill impairment loss recorded at the Vista reporting unit during fiscal 2016.


(Dollars in thousands, except per-share amounts)                            

Goodwill gross and net of accumulated impairment losses were as follows:
As of January 31,
20212020
Gross goodwill$119,174 $118,006 
Accumulated impairment loss(11,497)(11,497)
Net goodwill$107,677 $106,509 
  As of January 31,
  2018 2017
Gross goodwill $58,207
 $52,146
Accumulated impairment loss (11,497) (11,497)
Net goodwill $46,710
 $40,649


Goodwill for each reporting unit is testedassessed for impairment on an annual basis during the fourth quarter, and between annual tests whenever a triggering event indicates there may be an impairment. The annual impairment tests were completed for each reporting unit in the fourth quarter based on a November 30th valuation date.

Fiscal 20182021 Goodwill Impairment Testing
For the fiscal 2021 annual assessment, the Company elected to bypass the qualitative assessment and performed a quantitative assessment for each of the four reporting units. Based on the quantitative assessment performed as of the measurement date, as well as the qualitative assessments performed quarterly, 0 goodwill impairments were identified or recorded in fiscal 2021.

The Company's Applied Technology, Engineered Films, and Aerostar reporting units were determined to have fair values significantly in excess of carrying value. Within the Autonomy reporting unit, the fair value of the reporting unit exceeded the carrying value of the assets by more than 20%. The fair value increase since the prior fiscal year acquisition is largely contributed to the significant investment in research and development activities to advance the autonomous technology, developed synergy between the Smart Ag and DOT acquisitions, and growing interest in the autonomous market. In determining the estimated fair value, the Company estimated a number of significant factors, including projected revenue growth rates, projected operating income results, terminal growth rates, and the discount rate. The Company made reasonable estimates and assumptions based on facts and circumstances available as of the measurement date. However, if actual results are not consistent with the estimates and assumptions used in the calculations, we may be exposed to future impairment losses that could be material. Events and conditions that could negatively impact the estimated fair value include increases in the Company's weighted average cost of capital, delays in the commercialization of autonomous products, inability to realize the anticipated revenue growth opportunities, and a decrease in projected profitability. Goodwill associated with the Autonomy reporting unit was $56,613 as of January 31, 2021.

Fiscal 2020 & 2019 Goodwill Impairment Testing
In fiscal 2018 no triggering events were deemed to have occurred in any of the quarterly periods2020 and no2019 0 impairments were recorded as a result of the annual impairment testing. In its annual impairment testing, the Company concluded a quantitative analysis was not required for the Applied Technology and Engineered Filmsany of its reporting units. This wasunits based on the Company's qualitative analysis and the fact that the estimated fair value in the Company's most recent impairment test substantially exceeded its carrying value for each of these reporting units.

For the Aerostar reporting unit, the Company determined the excess of the fair value of the reporting unit over its carry value in the previous year's annual impairment assessment was not significant enough based on the current macroeconomic conditions to perform a qualitative analysis. As such, the Company performed a quantitative analysis for the annual impairment assessment of the Aerostar reporting unit. In determining the estimated fair value of the Aerostar reporting unit, the Company was required to estimate a number of factors, including future revenues and expenses, projected capital expenditures, changes in net working capital and the discount rate. On the basis of these estimates, the November 30, 2017 analysis indicated that the estimated fair value of the Aerostar reporting unit exceeded the reporting unit carrying value by approximately $11,600 or approximately 41%, as such there were no goodwill impairment losses reported in the year ended January 31, 2018.

Fiscal 2017 Goodwill Impairment Testing
In the fiscal 2017 third quarter, the Company determined that a triggering event occurred for its Aerostar reporting unit, which had $789 of goodwill as of October 31, 2016. The triggering event was caused by lowering the financial expectations for net sales and operating income of the reporting unit and certain asset groups due to delays and uncertainties regarding the reporting unit’s pursuit of certain opportunities, including aerostat orders, certain classified stratospheric balloon pursuits, and radar pursuits. Aerostar was still actively pursuing these opportunities and some were in active negotiations, but the timing of certain aerostat and classified stratospheric balloon opportunities were being delayed more than previously expected and the likelihood of radar sales is lower due to the Company's decision to no longer actively pursue certain radar product opportunities.

A quantitative impairment analysis was completed using fair value techniques as of October 31, 2016. In determining the estimated fair value of the Aerostar reporting unit, the Company was required to estimate a number of factors, including projected revenue growth rates, projected operating results, terminal growth rates, economic conditions, anticipated future cash flows, and the discount rate. On the basis of these estimates, the October 31, 2016 analysis indicated that the estimated fair value of the Aerostar reporting unit exceeded the reporting unit carrying value by approximately $9,000, or approximately 30%.

There were no other triggering events during fiscal 2017 for any of the three reporting units, and no impairments were recorded as a result of the annual impairment testing for fiscal 2017.
Fiscal 2016 Goodwill Impairment Testing
In the fiscal 2016 third quarter, the Company determined that a triggering event occurred for its Vista reporting unit. The triggering event was caused by the lowering of financial expectations for sales and operating income of the reporting unit due to delays and uncertainties regarding the reporting unit’s pursuit of large international opportunities. Despite the Company having a pre-authorization letter from the prime contractor and being in negotiations on a large international contract through the fiscal 2016 second quarter, the contract did not materialize in the fiscal 2016 third quarter as expected. Expectations were lowered as the timing and likelihood of completing certain international pursuits became less certain. In addition, the Company made a change in the executive leadership of the reporting unit during the third quarter. The Step 1 impairment analysis was completed using fair value techniques as of October 31, 2015. In determining the estimated fair value of the Vista reporting unit, the Company was required to make assumptions and estimate a number of factors, including projected revenue growth rates (particularly those related to being successful in being awarded large, international contracts and the timing thereof), operating profit margin percentage, and the discount rate. On the basis of these estimates, the October 31, 2015 analysis indicated that the estimated fair value of the
54


(Dollars in thousands, except per-share amounts)                            

Vista reporting unit was less than the carrying value. The carrying value exceeded the estimated fair value by approximately $14,000, or 64%.
Pursuant to the applicable accounting guidance, the Company performed a Step 2 impairment analysis. In the Step 2 impairment analysis, the fair value determined was allocated to the assets and liabilities of the reporting unit. Based on this Step 2 impairment analysis the resulting implied fair value of the Vista goodwill was determined to have no value compared to the carrying value recorded for the reporting unit, $11,497. In the fiscal 2016 third quarter an impairment charge to operating income of $11,497 was reported as "Goodwill impairment loss" in the Consolidated Statements of Income and Comprehensive Income.
Intangible Assets
The following table provides the gross carrying amount for intangible assets and the related accumulated amortization of definite-lived intangible assets:
For the years ended January 31,
20212020
Accumulated amortizationAccumulated amortization
AmountNetAmountNet
Existing technology$9,263 $(8,304)$959 $9,190 $(7,706)$1,484 
Customer relationships16,128 (8,248)7,880 16,067 (6,868)9,199 
Patents and other intangibles7,297 (3,126)4,171 6,678 (2,444)4,234 
In-process research and development(a)
31,575 31,575 31,300 31,300 
Total$64,263 $(19,678)$44,585 $63,235 $(17,018)$46,217 
(a) Refer to Note 6 "Acquisitions and Investments in Businesses and Technologies" for a more detailed description of these indefinite-lived intangible assets acquired in business combinations in fiscal 2020. A portion of these intangible assets are denominated in a foreign currency and subject to exchange rate fluctuations.
  For the years ended January 31,
  2018 2017
   Accumulated   Accumulated 
  AmountamortizationNet AmountamortizationNet
Existing technology $7,290
$(6,996)$294
 $7,136
$(6,553)$583
Customer relationships 13,264
(4,834)8,430
 12,987
(3,680)9,307
Patents and other intangibles 4,241
(2,381)1,860
 4,378
(2,220)2,158
Total $24,795
$(14,211)$10,584
 $24,501
$(12,453)$12,048


The estimated future amortization expense for these definite-lived intangible assets as well as definite-lived intangible assets accounted for as part of the equity method investment in SST, during the next five years is as follows:
  2019 2020 2021 2022 2023
Estimated amortization expense $1,988
 $1,578
 $1,163
 $1,111
 $1,013
20222023202420252026
Estimated amortization expense$2,498 $2,389 $1,907 $1,878 $1,582 

The estimated future amortization expense table above does not reflect the expected amortization associated with indefinite-lived in-process R&D assets acquired in business combinations during fiscal 2020. Amortization of these indefinite-lived intangible assets will start upon completion of the current R&D projects, on a straight-line basis over their remaining estimated useful life. The applicable table will be updated at such time these intangible assets are placed into service.

Indefinite-lived intangible assets
Indefinite-lived intangible assets are assessed for impairment on an annual basis during the fourth quarter, and between annual tests whenever a triggering event indicates there may be an impairment. The annual impairment tests were completed for indefinite-lived intangible assets on a November 30th valuation date.

Fiscal 2021 Indefinite-lived Intangible Impairment Testing
For the fiscal 2021 annual assessment, the Company's quantitative assessment indicated 0 impairments, with the fair value of the indefinite-lived assets exceeding the carrying value of the assets. Management's assessment assumes that the Company will commercialize autonomous products during fiscal 2022.

Fiscal 2020 Indefinite-lived Intangible Impairment Testing
In fiscal 2020, 0 impairments were recorded as a result of the annual impairment assessment. In its annual impairment assessment, the Company concluded a quantitative analysis was not required for its indefinite-lived intangible assets based on the Company's qualitative analysis.

Long-lived assets, including definite-lived intangible assets
The Company assesses the recoverability of long-lived assets, including definite-lived intangibles, equity method investments, and property plant and equipment if events or changes in circumstances indicate that an asset might be impaired. For long-lived and intangible assets, the Company performs impairment reviews by asset groups. Management periodically assesses for triggering events and discusses any significant changes in the utilization of long-lived assets. For purposes of recognition and measurement of an impairment loss, a long-lived asset is grouped with other assets and liabilities at the lowest level for which identifiable cash flows are largely independent of the cash flows of other assets and liabilities.

When performing long-lived asset testing, the fair values of assets are determined based on valuation techniques using the best available information. Such valuations are derived from valuation techniques in which one or more significant inputs are not observable (Level 3 fair value measures). An impairment loss is measured and recognized when the carrying amount of an asset is aboveexceeds the estimated undiscounted cash flows used in determining the fair value of the asset.flows.

Fiscal 20182021, 2020 and 2019 Long-lived Intangibles and Equity-Method InvestmentAssets Impairment Assessment
During first quarter of fiscal 2018, the Company determined that the investment in AgEagle, further described in Note 6 Acquisitions of and Investments in Businesses and Technologies, was impaired due to lower than expected cash flows. ThisThere were 0 impairment was determined to be other-than-temporary and an accelerated equity method investment loss of $72 was recordedlosses reported in the first quarter. This loss was reported in "Other (expense), net" in the Consolidated Statements of Income and Comprehensive Income for the twelve-month periodyear ended January 31, 2018. The Company also determined the customer relationship intangible asset related to the Ag Eagle exclusive distribution agreement was fully impaired. The total impairment loss reported related to this intangible asset was $259 and was recorded in the first quarter. This loss was reported in "Long-lived asset impairment loss" in the Consolidated Statements of Income and Comprehensive Income for the twelve-month period ended January 31, 2018.

The Company did not identify any additional triggering events2021, 2020, or 2019 for any of its assets groups or equity method investments the remainder of fiscal 2018.

Fiscal 2017 Long-lived Intangibles Impairment Assessment
The Company evaluated the triggering events described in the goodwill impairment analysis for fiscal 2017 and determined there were also triggering events with respect to the assets associated with the aerostat and stratospheric programs (Lighter than Air) and the radar product and radar services (Radar) asset groups in the Aerostar reporting unit in the third quarter of fiscal 2017, which resulted in an asset impairment test.Company's long-lived assets.
55


(Dollars in thousands, except per-share amounts)                            

Using the sum of the undiscounted cash flows associated with each of the two asset groups, a quantitative test was performed for each asset group. The undiscounted cash flows for the Lighter than Air asset group exceeded the carrying value of the long-lived assets by approximately $110,000, or 800%, and no Step 2 test was deemed to be necessary based on the recoverability of the long-lived assets. For the Radar asset group, however, the undiscounted cash flows did not exceed the carrying value of the long-lived assets and the Company performed a Step 2 impairment analysis for the long-lived assets.

In the Step 2 impairment analysis, the fair value determined was allocated to the assets and liabilities of the Radar asset group. The resulting estimated fair value of the Radar asset group long-lived assets was $175 compared to the carrying value of $262 for the asset group. The shortfall of $87 was recorded in the fiscal 2017 third quarter as an impairment charge to operating income reported as "Long-lived asset impairment loss" in the Consolidated Statements of Income and Comprehensive Income. The total impairment loss related to property, plant, and equipment and patents was $62 and $25, respectively.

Fiscal 2016 Long-lived Intangibles Impairment Assessment
As described in our Annual Report on Form 10-K/A for the fiscal year ended January 31, 2016, the Company determined that the relevant cash flows for long-lived asset testing (the lowest level of cash flows that are largely independent of other assets) were one level below the Vista reporting unit. For Vista, these levels were determined to be asset groups identified for the client private business (CP) and Radar. Based on the assessment of the forecasts of cash flows and these asset groups, the Company concluded that certain long-lived assets of the Vista reporting unit, including finite-lived intangible assets, were impaired as of October 31, 2015.

Using the sum of the undiscounted cash flows associated with each of the two asset groups, a quantitative test was performed for each asset group. The undiscounted cash flows for the CP asset group exceeded the carrying value of the long-lived assets and no Step 2 test was deemed to be necessary based on the recoverability of the long-lived assets. For the Radar asset group, however, the undiscounted cash flows did not exceed the carrying value of the long-lived assets and the Company performed a Step 2 impairment analysis for the long-lived assets.

In the Step 2 impairment analysis, the fair value determined was allocated to the assets and liabilities of the Radar asset group. The resulting implied fair value of the Radar asset group long-lived assets was $103 compared to the carrying value of $3,916 for the asset group. The shortfall of $3,813 was recorded in the third quarter of fiscal 2016 as an impairment charge to operating income reported as "Long-lived asset impairment loss" in the Consolidated Statements of Income and Comprehensive Income. Of the total long-lived asset impairment of $3,813, $3,154 was related to amortizable intangible assets related to radar technology and radar customers, $554 was related to property, plant, and equipment, and $105 was related to patents. In addition, expenditures of $13 for additional patents related to the Radar asset group in the fiscal 2016 fourth quarter were also considered to have been impaired.

Other Charges
Inventory Write-downs
Due to the Company's decision to no longer actively pursue certain radar opportunities, during the fiscal 2017 third quarter the Company wrote-down radar inventory, purchased primarily during fiscal 2016. The decision to write-down this inventory is consistent with the triggering event identified during the fiscal 2017 third quarter relating to the Aerostar reporting unit and the Radar asset group. This radar-specific inventory write-down increased "Cost of sales" by $2,278 in fiscal 2017. There were no significant inventory write-downs in fiscal 2018 or 2016.

Pre-contract Deferred Cost Write-offs
From time to time, the Company incurs costs before a contract is finalized and such pre-contract costs are deferred to the balance sheet to the extent they relate to a specific project and the Company has concluded that is probable that the contract will be awarded for more than the amount deferred. Pre-contract cost deferrals are common with Vista's business pursuits. As described above, Vista was pursuing international opportunities and was in the process of negotiating a large international contract that did not materialize in the fiscal 2016 third quarter as expected. Expectations were lowered as the timing and likelihood of completing certain international pursuits became less certain. Corresponding to these lower expectations, the pre-contract costs associated with these pursuits were written off during the fiscal 2016 third quarter. Vista recorded a charge of $2,933, (which is comprised of $2,075 of costs capitalized as of July 31, 2015 and additional costs of $858 capitalized during August and September 2015) for the write-off of these pre-contract costs. This charge is recorded in “Cost of sales” in the Consolidated Statements of Income and Comprehensive Income. There were no pre-contract costs written-off in fiscal 2018 or 2017.


(Dollars in thousands, except per-share amounts)                            

NOTE 8EMPLOYEE POSTRETIREMENT BENEFITS

Defined contribution 401(k) plan
As of January 1, 2018, theThe Company has one1 401(k) plan covering substantially all employees. Thisemployees and this plan which covers the majority of employees, matches employee contributions up to 5%. Prior to January 1, 2018, the plan matched contributions up to 4%. Under this plan all account balances and future contributions and related earnings can be invested in several investment alternatives as well as the Company's common stock in accordance with each participant's elections. Participants may choose to make separate investment choices for current account balances and for future contributions. As a resultParticipants may elect to direct up to 10% of changes totheir contributions and the plan’s permissible investment options effective January 1, 2017, participants'employers matching contributions to the 401(k) and the employer matching contributions are limited to 10% investment inplan into the Company's common stock. This limit was previously 20%. TheIn addition, the plan does not allow a participant to exchange more than 10% of their existing account balance into the Company’s common stock noror permit exchanges that would cause the participant’s investment in the Company’s common stock to exceed 10%. of the participant's total balance in the 401(k) plan. Officers of the Company may not include Raven's common stock in their 401(k) plan elections.

Prior to January 1, 2017, the Company had a second 401(k) plan thatTotal contribution expense was assumed as part of the Vista acquisition. This plan was terminated December 31, 2016$3,935, $3,696, and all participant contributions were merged into the plan previously described. The Company also contributes to post-retirement$3,006 for fiscal 2021, 2020, and pensions as are required or customary for employees in foreign locations.2019, respectively.

Deferred compensation plan
Effective January 1, 2018, the Company established a section 409A non-qualified deferred compensation plan.plan (the "Plan") and associated rabbi trust for participants approved by the Board of Director's Personnel and Compensation Committee. The purpose of the deferred compensation plan is to attract and retain key employees by providing them with an opportunity to defer receipt of a portion of their compensation, and there is no standard Company contribution or match. Participants are approved by the Board of Director's Personnel and Compensation Committee which is also responsible for the deferred compensation plan's general administration. Acompensation. The Plan's rabbi trust was also established in January 2018 whichis funded from the participant's deferred compensationas the Company may elect to make contributions to in order to provide a source of funds to assist the Company in meeting its obligation.does not contribute or match participant contributions. Any assets held by the deferred compensation plan in rabbi trust are still part of the Company's general assets and are subject to creditor's claims. The Company's common stock is not an investment option.option under this Plan as all contributions to the rabbi trust are invested in open-end mutual funds registered with the Securities and Exchange Commission based on the participant's investment elections.

Total contribution expense to all such plans was $2,263, $2,030,The Company reports these financial instruments at fair value using level 1 observable inputs and $1,952are primarily classified as long term assets and reported as "Other assets" in the Consolidated Balance Sheets. The fair value of the liability and financial instruments held were $1,697 and $1,691, respectively, at January 31, 2021. The fair value of the liability and financial instruments held were $1,363 and $1,358, respectively, at January 31, 2020. Changes in the fair value of these financial instruments, realized gains and losses, dividends, and interest income were reported in "Other income (expense), net" on the Consolidated Statements of Income and Comprehensive Income and were not material for fiscal 2018, 2017,years 2021, 2020 and 2016, respectively, and all of these contributions were to the 401(k) plan.2019.

Defined benefit postretirement plan
In addition, the Company provides postretirement medical and other benefits to certain senior executive officers and senior managers. These plan obligations are unfunded and therefore have 0 assets as of January 31, 2021, and 2020. The accumulated benefit obligation is as follows:
For the years ended January 31,
20212020
Benefit obligation at beginning of year$9,073 $8,001 
Service cost36 27 
Interest cost280 333 
Actuarial loss and assumption changes303 1,053 
Retiree benefits paid(332)(341)
Benefit obligation at end of year$9,360 $9,073 
  For the years ended January 31,
  2018 2017
Benefit obligation at beginning of year $8,416
 $7,991
Service cost 74
 80
Interest cost 312
 333
Actuarial loss (gain) and assumption changes 112
 341
Retiree benefits paid (343) (329)
Benefit obligation at end of year $8,571

$8,416

Service cost is reported in net income as "Cost of sales" or "Selling, general, and administrative expenses" in a manner consistent with the classification of direct labor and personnel costs of the eligible employees. The components of the net periodic benefit cost, other than the service cost component, are classified as a non-operating expense in "Other income (expense), net" on the Consolidated Statements of Income and Comprehensive Income.

56


(Dollars in thousands, except per-share amounts)                            

The following tables set forth the plan's pre-tax adjustment to accumulated other comprehensive income/loss:loss
 For the years ended January 31,For the years ended January 31,
 2018 201720212020
Amounts not yet recognized in net periodic benefit cost:    Amounts not yet recognized in net periodic benefit cost:
Net actuarial loss $2,714
 $2,699
Net actuarial loss$2,817 $3,070 
Prior service cost (572) (732)Prior service cost290 (253)
Total pre-tax accumulated other comprehensive loss $2,142
 $1,967
Total pre-tax accumulated other comprehensive loss$3,107 $2,817 
    
Pre-tax accumulated other comprehensive loss - beginning of year related to benefit obligation $1,967
 $1,612
Pre-tax accumulated other comprehensive loss - beginning of year related to benefit obligation$2,817 $1,701 
Reclassification adjustments recognized in benefit cost:    Reclassification adjustments recognized in benefit cost:
Recognized net (loss) (96) (146)Recognized net (loss)(173)(97)
Amortization of prior service cost 159
 160
Amortization of prior service cost160 160 
Amounts recognized in AOCI during the year:    Amounts recognized in AOCI during the year:
Net actuarial loss (gain) 112
 341
Net actuarial lossNet actuarial loss303 1,053 
Pre-tax accumulated other comprehensive loss - end of year related to benefit obligation $2,142
 $1,967
Pre-tax accumulated other comprehensive loss - end of year related to benefit obligation$3,107 $2,817 


The net actuarial loss for fiscal year 20182021 was the result of a decrease in the discount rate by 24 basis points. The mortality assumptions, claims experience and demographics were also updated and were unfavorable demographic experience partially offsetto the benefit obligation at January 31, 2021 by medical costs trending lower than expected.approximately $31. The net actuarial loss for fiscal year 20172020 was the result of a decrease in the discount rate a decrease inby 111 basis points. The mortality assumptions and claims experience were also updated and were favorable to the average life expectancybenefit obligation at January 31, 2020 by approximately half a year based on the application of an updated mortality projection scale, and census changes.$400.

The liability and net periodic benefit cost reflected in the Consolidated Balance Sheets and Consolidated Statements of Income and Comprehensive Income were as follows:
For the years ended January 31,
20212020
Beginning liability balance$9,073 $8,001 
Net periodic benefit cost329 297 
Other comprehensive loss290 1,116 
Total recognized in net periodic benefit cost and other comprehensive income619 1,413 
Retiree benefits paid(332)(341)
Ending liability balance$9,360 $9,073 
Current portion in accrued liabilities$364 $332 
Long-term portion in other liabilities$8,996 $8,741 
Assumptions used to calculate benefit obligation:
Discount rate2.90 %3.14 %
Rate of compensation increase4.00 %4.00 %
Health care cost trend rates:
Health care cost trend rate assumed for next year6.00 %6.17 %
Ultimate health care cost trend rate4.50 %4.50 %
Year that the rate reaches the ultimate trend rate20302030
Assumptions used to calculate the net periodic benefit cost:
Discount rate3.14 %4.25 %
Rate of compensation increase
4.00 %4.00 %
  For the years ended January 31,
  2018 2017
Beginning liability balance $8,416
 $7,991
Net periodic benefit cost 323
 399
Other comprehensive loss 175
 355
Total recognized in net periodic benefit cost and other comprehensive income 498
 754
Retiree benefits paid (343) (329)
Ending liability balance $8,571
 $8,416
     
Current portion in accrued liabilities $307
 $362
Long-term portion in other liabilities $8,264
 $8,054
     
Assumptions used to calculate benefit obligation:    
Discount rate 3.75% 4.00%
Rate of compensation increase 4.00% 4.00%
Health care cost trend rates:    
Health care cost trend rate assumed for next year 6.50% 6.67%
Ultimate health care cost trend rate 4.50% 4.50%
Year that the rate reaches the ultimate trend rate 2030
 2030
Assumptions used to calculated the net periodic benefit cost:    
Discount rate 4.00% 4.25%
Rate of compensation increase

 4.00% 4.00%


The discount rate is based on matching rates of return on high-quality fixed-income investments with the timing and amount of expected benefit payments. No material fluctuations in retiree benefit payments are expected in future years. The total estimated cost to be recognized from AOCI into net periodic benefit cost over the next fiscal year is $(31); $129 of recognized net loss and
$(160) of amortized prior service cost.


(Dollars in thousands, except per-share amounts)                            

The assumed health care cost trend rate has a significant effect on the amounts reported. The impact of a one-percentage point change in assumed health care rates would have the following effects:
  January 31, 2018
  One-percentage-point increase One-percentage-point decrease
Effect on total of service and interest cost components $71
 $(58)
Effect on accumulated postretirement benefit obligation $1,180
 $(1,045)


The Company expects to make $313$369 in postretirement medical and other benefit payments in fiscal 2019.2022. The following postretirement other than pension benefit payments, which reflect expected future service as appropriate, are expected to be paid:
  2019 2020 2021 2022 2023 - 2028
Expected postretirement medical and other benefit payments $313
 $323
 $332
 $341
 $2,192
57



(Dollars in thousands, except per-share amounts)                            
paid:
202220232024202520262027 - 2030
Expected postretirement medical and other benefit
payments
$369 $377 $379 $378 $384 $2,049 


NOTE 9WARRANTIES

Changes in the warranty accrual were as follows:
For the years ended January 31,
202120202019
Beginning balance$2,019 $890 $1,163 
Change in provision2,095 3,326 1,449 
Settlements made(2,046)(2,197)(1,722)
Ending balance$2,068 $2,019 $890 
  For the years ended January 31,
  2018 2017 2016
Beginning balance $1,547
 $1,835
 $3,120
Change in provision 1,762
 1,597
 1,945
Settlements made (2,146) (1,885) (3,230)
Ending balance $1,163
 $1,547
 $1,835



NOTE 10INCOME TAXES

The reconciliation of income tax computed at the federal statutory rate to the Company's effective income tax rate was as follows:
 For the years ended January 31,For the years ended January 31,
 2018 2017 2016202120202019
Tax at U.S. federal statutory rate 33.8 % 35.0 % 35.0 %Tax at U.S. federal statutory rate21.0 %21.0 %21.0 %
Impact of the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act (0.1) 
 
State and local income taxes, net of U.S. federal tax benefit 1.6
 0.7
 (2.8)State and local income taxes, net of U.S. federal tax benefit2.0 0.8 1.7 
Tax credit for research activities (1.8) (3.7) (24.2)Tax credit for research activities(13.4)(4.6)(2.3)
Tax benefit on qualified production activities (3.0) (2.8) (13.7)
Tax benefit from foreign-derived intangible incomeTax benefit from foreign-derived intangible income(1.5)(1.1)(0.8)
Tax benefit on insurance premiums (1.3) (1.5) (10.3)Tax benefit on insurance premiums(2.5)(1.2)(0.8)
Change in uncertain tax positions 0.1
 (0.3) 1.8
Change in uncertain tax positions0.8 0.3 
Foreign tax rate difference 
 (0.3) (2.9)Foreign tax rate difference(2.4)0.1 
Impact of settlement of stock-based awards 1.2
 
 
Impact of settlement of stock-based awards(0.1)(3.3)(2.4)
Change in valuation allowancesChange in valuation allowances(1.7)0.8 
Non-deductible compensationNon-deductible compensation2.0 0.8 
Other, net 
 0.4
 (1.7)Other, net(2.1)(0.8)
 30.5 % 27.5 % (18.8)%
Effective Tax RateEffective Tax Rate2.1 %13.5 %15.7 %



The increasedecrease in the fiscal 2018 effective tax rate is primarily due to higher pre-tax income in the current yearfor fiscal 2021 and recognition of discrete tax expense relatedfiscal 2020, respectively, compared to the Company's adoption of ASU 2016-09previous fiscal years, were both driven primarily by an increase in fiscal 2018 as further discussedR&D spend and an a decrease in Note 1 Summary of Significant AccountingPolicies. This ASU requires that theprofitability, which resulted in a higher R&D tax effects resulting from the settlement of stock-based awards be recognizedcredit as a discretepercentage of pre-tax income.

The expense (benefit) for income tax expense or benefit in the income statement in the reporting period in which they occur. Additionally, the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act (TCJA), effective January 1, 2018, lowered the Company's federal statutory rate by 1.2 percentage points for the fiscal year. The TCJA reduces the federal statutory rate to 21% for fiscal 2019.taxes consists of:

For the years ended January 31,
202120202019
Current expense (benefit):
Federal$3,500 $3,401 $6,910 
State688 416 1,099 
Foreign529 98 735 
4,717 3,915 8,744 
Deferred expense (benefit):
Federal(1,508)1,271 1,018 
State(131)204 73 
Foreign(2,681)31 (138)
(4,320)1,506 953 
Income tax expense$397 $5,421 $9,697 
58


(Dollars in thousands, except per-share amounts)                            

The TCJA imposes a one-time mandatory transition tax on accumulated foreign earnings, which resulted in a provisional amount of $265 for the Company. The Company re-measured its ending deferred tax assets and liabilities to reflect the realization at the new 21% corporate tax rate. The re-measurement resulted in a provisional $312 reduction to fiscal 2018 tax expense.

In addition, the SEC staff issued Staff Accounting Bulletin No. 118, Income Tax Accounting Implications of the TCJA (“SAB 118”), which allows the Company to record provisional amounts during a measurement period not to extend beyond one year from the enactment date. Since the TCJA was passed late in the fourth quarter of fiscal 2018, ongoing guidance and accounting interpretation are expected over the next year, and significant data and analysis is required to finalize amounts recorded pursuant to the TCJA, the Company considers the accounting of the transition tax, deferred tax re-measurements, indefinite reinvestment assertion, and other items to be incomplete due to the forthcoming guidance and its ongoing analysis of final year-end data and tax positions. Also, the Company has not yet determined its policy election as to whether it will recognize deferred taxes for basis differences expected to reverse as Global Intangible Low Taxed Income (“GILTI”) or whether GILTI will be accounted for as a period cost if and when incurred. The Company expects to complete its analysis within the measurement period in accordance with SAB 118.

The Company's fiscal 2017 effective rate is lower than the federal statutory rate primarily due to a $779 tax benefit for qualified production activities and a $1,044 tax benefit from the R&D tax credit.

The negative fiscal 2016 effective rate is lower than the federal statutory rate primarily due to the combination of a significantly lower book income year-over-year, a $560 tax benefit for qualified production activities, and a $989 tax benefit from the R&D tax credit extension passed by Congress in fiscal 2016. The qualified production deduction is based on estimated taxable income. Taxable income is higher in comparison to pre-tax income for fiscal 2016 primarily due to $14,756 of goodwill and long-lived asset impairment losses recorded in net income which are not currently deductible but are amortizable for income tax purposes.

Significant components of the Company's income tax provision were as follows:
  For the years ended January 31,
  2018 2017 2016
Income tax provision:      
Currently payable $18,754
 $7,354
 $5,272
Deferred expense (benefit) (787) 307
 (6,039)
Income tax expense (benefit) $17,967
 $7,661
 $(767)



(Dollars in thousands, except per-share amounts)                            

Deferred Tax Assets (Liabilities)
Deferred income taxes reflect the net tax effects of temporary differences between the carrying amounts of assets and liabilities for financial reporting purposes and the amounts used for income tax purposes. Significant components of the Company's deferred tax assets and liabilities were as follows:
As of January 31,
20212020
Deferred tax assets:
Accounts receivable$412 $286 
Inventories1,487 1,152 
Accrued vacation966 778 
Insurance obligations150 205 
Warranty obligations441 454 
Postretirement benefits2,106 2,042 
Uncertain tax positions429 445 
Share-based compensation2,239 1,927 
Tax loss carryforwards6,684 3,929 
Leases1,541 962 
Other accrued liabilities1,472 952 
17,927 13,132 
Valuation allowance0 (630)
17,927 12,502 
Deferred tax (liabilities):
Depreciation and amortization(17,599)(18,086)
Leases(1,541)(962)
Other(518)(518)
(19,658)(19,566)
Net deferred tax asset (liability)$(1,731)$(7,064)
  As of January 31,
  2018 2017
Deferred tax assets:    
Accounts receivable $184
 $212
Inventories 664
 978
Accrued vacation 647
 887
Insurance obligations 137
 383
Accrued benefit liabilities 
 41
Warranty obligations 262
 565
Postretirement benefits 1,929
 3,072
Uncertain tax positions 491
 803
Share-based compensation 1,761
 3,201
Other accrued liabilities 54
 68
  6,129
 10,210
     
Deferred tax (liabilities):    
Depreciation and amortization (6,082) (10,565)
Other (643) (1,048)
  (6,725) (11,613)
Net deferred tax (liability) $(596) $(1,403)


Uncertain Tax Positions
A summary of the activity related to the gross unrecognized tax benefits (excluding interest and penalties) is as follows:
For the years ended January 31,
202120202019
Gross unrecognized tax benefits at beginning of year$2,176 $2,228 $2,216 
Increases in tax positions related to the current year427 338 415 
Increases in tax positions related to prior years27 45 
Decreases as a result of lapses in applicable statutes of limitation(365)(435)(403)
Gross unrecognized tax benefits at end of year$2,265 $2,176 $2,228 
  For the years ended January 31,
  2018 2017
Gross unrecognized tax benefits at beginning of year $2,110
 $2,327
Increases in tax positions related to the current year 426
 279
Decreases in tax positions related to prior years 
 (193)
Decreases as a result of lapses in applicable statutes of limitation (320) (303)
Gross unrecognized tax benefits at end of year $2,216
 $2,110


Fiscal year 2018 changes to uncertain tax positions related to prior years resulted from lapses of applicable statutes of limitations.
Fiscal year 2017 included a decrease to prior period tax positions primarily related to a favorable determination by a state tax authority impacting the Company’s estimated liability.

The total unrecognized tax benefits (including interest and penalty) that, if recognized, would affect the Company's effective tax rate were $2,143, $1,806,$2,264, $2,162, and $2,140$2,183 as of January 31, 2018, 2017,2021, 2020, and 2016,2019, respectively. The Company recognizes interest and penalties accrued related to unrecognized tax benefits in income tax expense. At January 31, 2018, 2017,2021, 2020, and 2016,2019, accrued interest and penalties were $418, $500,$427, $430, and $672,$442, respectively. The Company does not expect any significant change in the amount of unrecognized tax benefits in the next fiscal year.

Additional Tax Information
The Company files tax returns, including returns for its subsidiaries, with various federal, state, and local jurisdictions. Uncertain tax positions are related to tax years that remain subject to examination. As of January 31, 2018,2021, federal tax returns filed in the U.S. for fiscal years ended January 31, 20152018 through January 31, 20172020 remain subject to examination by federal tax authorities. In state and local jurisdictions, tax returns for fiscal years ended January 31, 20122015 through January 31, 20172020 remain subject to examination by state and local tax authorities. International jurisdictions have open tax years varying by location beginning in fiscal 2013.2015.

Pre-tax book income (loss) for the U.S. companies and the foreign subsidiaries was $58,757$25,356 and $229,$(6,181), respectively. As of January 31, 2018,2021, the Company has recorded United States income taxes of $265 on $3,242 of undistributed0 deferred tax liability recognized relating to the Company’s investment in foreign subsidiaries where the earnings from its Canadianhave been indefinitely reinvested. The Tax Cuts and Jobs Act generally eliminates U.S. federal
59


(Dollars in thousands, except per-share amounts)                            

European subsidiaries. The Company plans to reinvest itsincome taxes on dividends from foreign earnings internationallysubsidiaries, and as a result, has not recordedthe accumulated undistributed earnings would only be subject to other taxes, such as withholding taxes and state income taxes, on distribution of such earnings. No additional withholding or income or withholding tax ontaxes have been provided for any remaining undistributed foreign earnings. The Company willearnings, as it is the Company’s intention for these amounts to continue to assess if there is a needbe indefinitely reinvested in the future to bring back a portion of the foreign cash which was subject to the transition tax.operations.


NOTE 11FINANCING ARRANGEMENTSDEBT

Credit Facility
The Company entered into a credit facility on April 15, 2015September 20, 2019, with JPMorgan Chase Bank N.A.of America, N. A., Toronto Branch as Canadian Administrative Agent, JPMorgan Chase Bank, National Association, as administrative agent, and each lender from time to time party theretoWells Fargo Bank, National Association (the Credit Agreement). The Credit Agreement provides for a syndicated senior revolving credit facility up to $125,000$100,000 with a maturity date of April 15, 2020.September 20, 2022. Loan proceeds may be utilized by Raven for strategic business purposes, such as business acquisitions, and for net working capital needs.

Simultaneous with execution of the Credit Agreement, Raven, Aerostar, Vista, and Integra entered into a guaranty agreement in favor of JPMorgan Chase Bank National Association in its capacity as administrator under the Credit Agreement for the benefit of JPMorgan Chase Bank N.A., Toronto Branch and the lenders and their affiliates under the Credit Agreement.

The unamortized debt issuance costs associated with this Credit Agreement were as follows:
  As of January 31,
  2018 2017
Unamortized debt issuance costs(a)
 $242
 $352
As of January 31,
20212020
Unamortized debt issuance costs(a)
$133 $215 
(a) Unamortized debt issuance costs are amortized over the term of the Credit Agreement and are reported as "Other assets" in the Consolidated Balance Sheets.

Loans or borrowings defined under the Credit Agreement bear interest and fees at varying rates and terms defined in the Credit Agreement based on the type of borrowing as defined. The Credit Agreement includes an annual administrative andfee as well as an unborrowed capacity fees.fee. Such fees were $211, $215,$79, $181 and $213$212 for the years ended January 31, 2018, 2017,2021, 2020 and 2016,2019, respectively.

The Credit Agreement also contains customary affirmative and negative covenants, including those relating to financial reporting and notification, limits on levels of indebtedness and liens, investments, mergers and acquisitions, affiliate transactions, sales of assets, restrictive agreements, and change in control as defined in the Credit Agreement. The Company requested and received the necessary covenant waivers relating to its late filing of financial information in fiscal 2017. Financial covenants include an interest coverage ratio and funded indebtedness to earnings before interest, taxes, depreciation, and amortization as defined in the Credit Agreement. The Company is in compliance with all financial covenants as of January 31, 2021.

Letters of credit (LOC) issued and outstanding were as follows:
  As of January 31,
  2018 2017
Letters of credit outstanding (a)
 $1,097
 $514
As of January 31,
20212020
Letters of credit outstanding(a)
$50 $50 
(a)Any draws required under the LOC'LOC would be settled with available cash or borrowings under the Credit Agreement.

There have been no borrowings under any of the credit agreements and there were no0 borrowings outstanding for any of the fiscal periods covered by this Annual Report on Form 10-K.at January 31, 2021 or January 31, 2020. Availability under the Credit Agreement for borrowings as of January 31, 20182021 was approximately $124,000.$100,000.

Capital leasesLong-Term Notes
The Company's recent assetCompany assumed certain long-term notes pursuant to the acquisition of CLI furtherDOT in fiscal year 2020 as described in Note 6 Acquisition of"Acquisitions and Investments in Businesses and Technologies Technologies"included. The related financial assistance agreement (Agreement) is between DOT and Western Economic Diversification Canada (WEDC), a fleet of vehicles under capital leasesgovernment agency in Canada, that was entered into in August 2019. Under the Agreement, the WEDC agrees to support Engineered Film's new design-buildcontribute up to $5,000 in Canadian dollars, approximately $4,000 in US dollars, over a three-year period for costs incurred to develop a cloud-based distribution and installation service capabilities.channel for a particular product being developed by DOT. DOT is eligible to receive contributions for costs incurred for purposes specified in the Agreement. The Company is required to repay the funds contributed by WEDC in 60 monthly installments beginning April 1, 2023, plus interest that begins on April 1, 2023, based on an average bank rate plus 3%. As of January 31, 2021, the Company had no leased assets under capital leasesreceived $1,981 in fiscal 2017.contributions from WEDC and 0 repayments have been made. The outstanding liability balance is reported as "Long-term borrowings" on the Consolidated Balance Sheets. NaN interest expense is being recorded prior to the interest start date.

60


(Dollars in thousands, except per-share amounts)                            

At January 31, 2021, the Company's debt maturities based on outstanding principal were as follows:
Future minimum
20222023202420252026Thereafter
Maturities of debt$$$1,981 $$$


NOTE 12LEASES

The Company enters into operating and finance lease contracts related to facilities, vehicles and equipment. Operating leases are primarily related to facilities to support production, R&D, and sales efforts. Finance leases are primarily related to vehicles and equipment to support general business operations. Lease payments under capitalare typically fixed and carry lease terms of one to five years, some of which have an option to terminate or extend up to an additional five years. For purposes of the quantitative disclosures below related to the calculation of operating and finance leases, lease terms predominantly did not include options to terminate or extend, as the Company is reasonably certain it would not exercise the options. Most of the Company's leases do not contain a purchase option, material residual value guarantee, or material restrictive covenants.

The Company is primarily a lessee in all lease arrangements but may become a lessor and lease or sublease certain assets to other entities if not fully utilized. These lessor activities are not material and are not separately disclosed.
To determine whether a contract is or contains a lease, the Company assessed its right to control the use of the identified asset, whether explicitly or implicitly stated, for a period of time while considering all facts and circumstances for each individual arrangement. The Company also has leases with non-lease components which are separately stated within the agreement and not included in the recognition of the right-of use asset and lease liability balances.
The discount rate used to calculate the present value of the lease liabilities is based upon the implied rate within each contract. If the rate is unknown or cannot be determined, the Company uses an incremental borrowing rate, which is determined by the length of the contract, asset class, and the Company's borrowing rates as of the commencement date of the contract.

Components of Company lease costs, including operating, finance, and short-term leases are included in the table below. Depreciation of right-of-use assets, operating lease costs, and short-term lease costs are reported in net minimumincome as "Cost of sales," "Research and development expenses," or "Selling, general, and administrative expenses," depending on what business function the asset primarily supports. Interest on finance lease paymentsliabilitiesare classified as a non-operating expense in "Other income (expense), net" on the Consolidated Statements of Income and Comprehensive Income.

For the years ended January 31,
20212020
Lease Costs:
Finance Leases
     Depreciation of right-of-use assets$442 $413 
     Interest on lease liabilities24 21 
          Total finance lease cost$466 $434 
Operating Leases
     Operating lease cost$2,205 $1,536 
     Short-term lease cost755 446 
          Total operating lease cost2,960 1,982 
Total finance and operating lease cost$3,426 $2,416 

61


(Dollars in thousands, except per-share amounts)                            

Supplemental balance sheet information related to operating and finance leases include:
As of January 31,
20212020
Operating Leases
     Operating lease right-of-use assets$6,850 $4,275 
     Current lease liability$2,120 $2,272 
     Non-current lease liability5,038 2,370 
          Total operating lease liabilities$7,158 $4,642 
Finance Leases
     Property, plant and equipment, at cost$1,282 $881 
     Accumulated depreciation(532)(366)
          Property, plant and equipment, net$750 $515 
     Current lease liability$362 $258 
     Non-current lease liability388 257 
          Total finance lease liabilities$750 $515 

Weighted average remaining lease terms and discount rates include:
As of January 31,
20212020
Weighted Average Remaining Lease Term:
     Operating leases5 years4 years
     Finance leases2 years2 years
Weighted Average Discount Rate:
     Operating leases2.7 %3.5 %
     Finance leases2.9 %3.5 %

Supplemental unaudited cash flow information related to operating and finance leases include:
For the years ended January 31,
20212020
Cash paid for amounts included in the measurement of lease liabilities:
     Operating cash flows from operating leases$1,959 $1,536 
     Operating cash flows from finance leases$24 $21 
     Financing cash flows from finance leases$441 $413 

Future operating and finance lease obligations that have not yet commenced as of January 31, 20182021, were as follows:immaterial and excluded from the lease liability schedule below accordingly.
As of January 31, 2021
Operating LeasesFinance Leases
Fiscal 2022$2,308 $377 
Fiscal 20231,592 258 
Fiscal 20241,252 116 
Fiscal 20251,050 23 
Fiscal 20261,065 0 
Thereafter436 0 
     Total lease payments7,703 774 
          Less imputed interest(545)(24)
     Total lease liabilities$7,158 $750 
  2019 2020 2021 2022 Thereafter Total
Minimum lease payments $237
 $169
 $90
 $32
 $
 $528
             
Less amount representing estimated executory costs such as taxes, license and insurance including profit thereon.  (17)
Net minimum lease payments 511
Less amounts representing interest (63)
Present value of net minimum lease payments $448


At January 31, 2018, the present value of net minimum lease payments due within one year is $196. Amortization and interest expense for the year ended January 31, 2018 was $65 and $13, respectively.

Operating leases
The Company leases certain vehicles, equipment, and facilities under operating leases. Total rent and lease expense was $2,104, $2,028, and $2,095 in fiscal 2018, 2017, and 2016, respectively.

Future minimum lease payments under non-cancelable operating leases are as follows:

  2019 2020 2021 2022 2023 Thereafter
Minimum lease payments $2,012
 $1,925
 $1,780
 $501
 $437
 $


(Dollars in thousands, except per-share amounts)                            

NOTE 1213COMMITMENTS AND CONTINGENCIES

The Company is involved as a party in lawsuits, claims, regulatory inquiries, or disputes arising in the normal course of its business, the potential costs and liability of which cannot be determined at this time. Management does not believe the ultimate outcomes of its legal proceedings are likely to be material to its results of operations, financial position, or cash flows. The previously disclosed patent infringement lawsuit in which Capstan Ag Systems, Inc. made certain infringement claims againstIn addition, the Company has been settled on a confidential basis.
The Company has insurance policies that provide coverage to various degrees for potential liabilities arising from legal proceedings.

The Company entered into a Gift Agreement (the Agreement) effective in January 2018 with the South Dakota State University Foundation, Inc. (the Foundation). This gift will be used for the establishment of a precision agriculture facility to support South Dakota State University's Precision Agriculture degrees and curriculum. The Agreement states that the Company will make a $5,000 gift to the Foundation conditional on certain other actions that had not occurredactions. These conditions were met and $4,503 of contribution expense was recognized in first quarter of fiscal 2019 and reported as "Selling, general, and administrative expenses" with interest expense to be recognized in periods thereafter. The fair value of this contingency at January 31, 2021, was $1,991 (measured based on the present value of the expected future cash outflows) of which $691 was classified as "Accrued liabilities" and $1,300 was classified as "Other liabilities" on the Consolidated Balance Sheet. The fair value of this contingency at January 31, 2020, was $2,607 of which $691 was classified as "accrued liabilities" and $1,916 was classified as "Other liabilities" on the Consolidated Balance Sheet. As of January 31, 2018. This gift will be used by South Dakota State University (SDSU), located in Brookings, SD, for the establishment of a precision agriculture facility to support SDSU's Precision Agriculture degrees and curriculum. This facility will assist2021, the Company in further collaboration with faculty, staff, and students on emerging technology in support ofhas made payments related to the growing need for precision agriculture practices and tools. As the Agreement is conditional upon certain other actions yet to occur, the gift will not be recorded as an expense or liability until those contingencies are satisfied. The Company expects these contingencies to be satisfied during fiscal 2019.commitment totaling $2,860.

In addition to commitments disclosed elsewhere in the Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements, the Company has approximately $40,000 of unconditional purchase obligations for inventory and other obligations that arise in the normal course of business operations.operations and have a term of less than one year. The majority of these obligations are related to the Applied Technology and Engineered Films divisions and arise from the purchase of raw materials inventory.


NOTE 13RESTRUCTURING COSTS

The Company has no ongoing restructuring plans or unpaid restructuring costs at January 31, 2018. No restructuring costs were incurred in fiscal 2018 or 2017.

In addition to Applied Technology reducing its international sales infrastructure, scaling back marketing initiatives, lowering general manufacturing overhead, and focusing R&D spending on core product lines, the Company initiated the exit of Applied

(Dollars in thousands, except per-share amounts)                            

Technology’s non-strategic St. Louis, Missouri contract manufacturing operations in fiscal 2015. In fiscal 2016 first quarter, the Company announced that Applied Technology successfully sold and transferred its contract manufacturing operations in the St. Louis, Missouri area. Proceeds from the sale of these assets were $1,288 and gains of $611 were recorded in fiscal 2016 as a result of the exit activity.

This exit strategy of Applied Technology was fully completed in fiscal 2017 with the sale of the idle St. Louis manufacturing facility. Proceeds from the sale of this facility were $960 and gains of $160 were recognized in "Selling, general, and administrative expenses in the Consolidated Statements of Income and Comprehensive Income for fiscal 2017.

With continued weak end-market demand in the Engineered Films and Applied Technology divisions, the Company announced and implemented a restructuring plan in fiscal 2016 first quarter to lower its cost structure. The cost reductions covered all divisions and included the corporate offices, but were weighted to Applied Technology as a result of the decline in this business and the expectation of continued end-market weakness for this division. As a result of this action, the Company incurred restructuring costs for severance benefits of $588 for the year ended January 31, 2016. The Company reported $407 of restructuring expense in "Cost of sales" and $181 in "Selling, general, and administrative expenses" in the Consolidated Statements of Income and Comprehensive Income for fiscal 2016. Substantially all of these restructuring costs related to Applied Technology. This restructuring plan was completed during the fiscal 2016 second quarter.

In the fiscal 2016 third quarter, the Company's Aerostar Division implemented a restructuring plan at Vista to lower its cost structure due to reduced demand expectations primarily related to delays and uncertainty surrounding international pursuits. Restructuring costs for severance benefits were $73 for the year ended January 31, 2016. The Company reported $58 of this expense in "Cost of sales" and $15 in "Research and development expenses" in the Consolidated Statements of Income and Comprehensive Income. This restructuring plan was completed during fiscal 2016 fourth quarter and there were no unpaid costs at January 31, 2016.

NOTE 14SHARE-BASED COMPENSATION

At January 31, 2018,2021, the Company had two2 shareholder approved share-based compensation plans, which are described below. The compensation cost and related income tax benefit for these plans were as follows:
For the years ended January 31,
202120202019
Share-based compensation cost$6,066 $4,971 $3,951 
Tax benefit$1,013 $670 $736 
  For the years ended January 31,
  2018 2017 2016
Share-based compensation cost $3,725
 $3,071
 $2,311
Tax benefit 1,275
 1,103
 819


Share-based compensation cost capitalized as part of inventory is not significant.material.

Equity Compensation Plans
The Company reserved shares of its common stock for issuance to directors, officers, employees and certain advisors of the Company through incentive stock options and non-statutory stock options, stock appreciation rights, stock awards, restricted stock, restricted stock units (RSUs), and performance awards to be granted under the Amended and Restated 2010 Stock2019 Equity Incentive Plan (the Plan) which was approved by shareholders on May 22, 2012.21, 2019. The aggregate number of shares initially available for grant under the Plan was 2,000,000.1,300,000. As of January 31, 2018,2021, the number of shares available for grant was 886,842.

Shares outstanding under the Amended and Restated 2010 Stock Incentive Plan was 1,163,074. Option exercises(the "2010 Plan") are still subject to terms of the 2010 Plan, but if those awards subsequently expire, are forfeited or cancelled, or are settled in cash, the shares subject to those awards will become available under the PlanPlan. Under both Plans, option exercises or units and awards vested are settled in newly issued common shares. As of January 31, 2021, the number of shares reserved for issuance under the 2010 plan for grants, RSUs or awards was 930,194.

The Plan isBoth plans are administered by the Personnel and Compensation Committee of the Board of Directors (the Committee), consisting of two2 or more independent directors of the Company. The Committee determines the option exercise prices and the term of each grant. The Committee may accelerate the exercisability of awards under the Planeither plan or extend the term of such awards to the extent allowed by the Plan to a maximum term of ten years. Two typesNaN type of awards wereaward, restricted stock units, was granted under the Plan in fiscal 2018, stock options2021 and restricted stock units.fiscal 2020.

63


(Dollars in thousands, except per-share amounts)                            
Stock Option Awards
The Company granted 85,8000 non-qualified stock options during fiscal 2018. Options are2021 or fiscal 2020. For fiscal years prior to fiscal 2020, options were granted with exercise prices not less than the market value of the Company's common stock at the date of grant. The stock options vest over a four-year period and expire after five years.years. Options contain retirement and change-in-control provisions that may accelerate the vesting period. The fair value of each option grant iswas estimated on the date of grant using the Black-Scholes option pricing model. The Company usesused historical data to estimate option exercises, employee terminations and volatility within this valuation model.


(Dollars in thousands, except per-share amounts)                            

The weighted average assumptions used for the Black-Scholes option pricing model by grant year arewere as follows:
For the year ended January 31, 2019
Risk-free interest rate2.51 %
Expected dividend yield1.48 %
Expected volatility factor35.20 %
Expected option term (in years)4.25
Weighted average grant date fair value$9.83 
  For the years ended January 31,
  2018 2017 2016
Risk-free interest rate 1.68% 1.05% 1.33%
Expected dividend yield 1.78% 3.33% 2.59%
Expected volatility factor 33.87% 32.61% 36.81%
Expected option term (in years) 4.25
 4.00
 3.75
       
Weighted average grant date fair value $7.35
 $3.05
 $4.77


Outstanding stock options as of January 31, 20182021, and activity for the year then ended are presented below:
Number
of options
Weighted average exercise priceAggregate intrinsic valueWeighted
average
remaining
contractual
term
(years)
Outstanding, January 31, 2020214,260 $25.03 
Granted0 0 
Exercised(93,475)16.13 
    Forfeited(5,630)32.5 
Outstanding, January 31, 2021115,155 $31.89 $192 1.58
Outstanding exercisable, January 31, 202172,855 $31.44 $138 1.47
Options vested, or expected to vest, January 31, 2021115,155 $31.89 $192 1.58
  Number
of options
 Weighted average exercise price Aggregate intrinsic value Weighted
average
remaining
contractual
term
(years)
Outstanding, January 31, 2017 990,900
 $24.58
    
Granted 85,800
 29.20
    
Exercised (206,000) 31.01
    
Forfeited (43,600) 19.05
    
Expired (124,150) 31.70
    
Outstanding, January 31, 2018 702,950
 $22.34
 $11,396
 2.49
         
Outstanding exercisable, January 31, 2018 331,717
 $23.43
 $5,014
 1.95
         
Options vested, or expected to vest, January 31, 2018 702,950
 $22.34
 $11,396
 2.49


The intrinsic value of a stock award is the amount by which the fair value of the underlying stock exceeds the exercise price of the award. The total intrinsic value of options exercised was $1,036, $0,$1,157, $2,620, and $172$7,568 during the years ended January 31, 2018, 2017,2021, 2020, and 2016,2019, respectively. The total fair value of options vested was $1,312, $1,323,$453, $749, and $1,755$892, during the years ended January 31, 2018, 2017,2021, 2020, and 2016,2019, respectively. As of January 31, 2018,2021, the total unrecognized compensation cost for non-vested awards was $838.$78. This amount is expected to be recognized over a weighted average period of one1.93 years. year.

Restricted Stock Unit Awards
The Company granted 61,270127,365 time-vested RSUs during the year ended January 31, 2018.2021. The fair value of a time-vested RSU is measured based upon the closing market price of the Company's common stock on the day prior to the date of grant. Time-vested RSUs will vest if, at the end of the vesting period, the employee remains employed by the Company. RSUs contain retirement and change-in-control provisions that may accelerate the vesting period. Dividends are cumulatively earned on the time-vested RSUs over the vesting period and are forfeited if such RSUs do not vest.
64



(Dollars in thousands, except per-share amounts)                            
Activity for time-vested RSUs under the Plan in fiscal 20182021 was as follows:
Number
of restricted stock units
Weighted
average grant date fair value per share
Outstanding, January 31, 2020300,512 $34.69 
Granted127,365 19.92 
Vested(64,099)30.11 
Forfeited(15,827)29.88 
Outstanding, January 31, 2021347,951 $30.35 
Cumulative dividends, January 31, 20216,490
  Number
of restricted stock units
 Weighted
average grant date fair value per share
Outstanding, January 31, 2017 126,729
 $19.19
Granted 61,270
 29.33
Vested (23,122) 29.62
Forfeited (18,028) 18.92
Outstanding, January 31, 2018 146,849
 $21.81
     
Cumulative dividends, January 31, 2018 5,129
  


(Dollars in thousands, except per-share amounts)                            

The Company also granted performance-based RSUs during the year ended January 31, 2018.2021. The exact number of performance shares to be issued will vary from 0% to 150%200% of the target award, depending on the Company's actual performance over the vesting period in comparison to the target award. The target awards for the fiscal 2016, 20172020 and 20182019 grants are based on return on equity (ROE), which is defined as net income attributable to Raven divided by the average of beginning and ending shareholders' equity for the fiscal year. There were two performance-based RSUs granted in fiscal 2021. One grant is specific to Applied Technology and is based on the amount of Autonomy revenue generated and the other grant is based on ROE. The performance-based RSUs will vest if, at the end of the performance period, the Company has achieved certain performance goals and the employee remains employed by the Company. Performance-based RSUs contain retirement and change-in-control provisions that may accelerate the vesting period. Dividends are cumulatively earned on performance-based RSUs over the vesting period and are forfeited if such RSUs do not vest.


The fair value of the performance-based restricted stock units is based upon the closing market price of the Company's common stock on the day prior to the grant date. The number of restricted stock units granted is based on 100% of the target award. The number of RSUs that will vest is determined by the estimated ROE target over the performance period. The estimated performance factor used to estimate the number of restricted stock units expected to vest is evaluated quarterly. The number of restricted stock units issued at the vesting date will be based on actual results.

Activity for performance-based RSUs under the Plan in fiscal 20182021 was as follows:
Number
of restricted stock units expected to vest
Weighted
average grant date fair value per share
Outstanding, January 31, 2020159,047 $36.22 
Granted124,667 21.51 
Vested(31,406)29.20 
Forfeited(20,416)31.05 
Performance-based adjustment(28,942)36.48 
Outstanding, January 31, 2021202,950 $28.75 
Cumulative dividends, January 31, 20213,507 
  Number
of restricted stock units expected to vest
 Weighted
average grant date fair value per share
Outstanding, January 31, 2017 146,519
 $16.78
Granted 22,745
 29.20
Vested 
 
Forfeited (16,164) 16.89
Performance-based adjustment 26,629
 23.96
Outstanding, January 31, 2018 179,729
 $19.40
     
Cumulative dividends, January 31, 2018 7,130
  


The weighted average grant date fair values of the time-based and performance-based RSUs by grant year are as follows:
For the years ended January 31,
202120202019
Weighted average grant date fair value: time-based RSUs$19.92 $36.04 $35.15 
Weighted average grant date fair value: performance-based RSUs$21.51 $39.01 $35.05 
  For the years ended January 31,
  2018 2017 2016
Weighted average grant date fair value: time-based RSUs $29.33
 $15.94
 $19.25
Weighted average grant date fair value: performance-based RSUs $29.20
 $15.61
 $20.09


The total intrinsic value of RSUs vested (or converted to shares) was $685, $754,$1,996, $6,120, and $1,437$2,468 during the years ended January 31, 2018, 2017,2021, 2020, and 2016,2019, respectively. The total fair value of RSUs vested (or converted to shares) was $678, $761,$1,952, $5,948, and $1,411,$2,477, during the years ended January 31, 2018, 2017,2021, 2020, and 2016,2019, respectively. 326,578As of January 31, 2021, there were
65


(Dollars in thousands, except per-share amounts)                            
550,901 outstanding RSUs expected to vest with a weighted average term of 1.811.8 years and an aggregate intrinsic value of $12,590 at January 31, 2018 are expected to vest.$17,778. None of the outstanding RSUs are vested as of January 31, 2018.2021. The total unrecognized compensation cost for nonvestednon-vested RSU awards at January 31, 20182021, was $3,054.$7,891. This amount is expected to be recognized over a weighted average period of 1.811.8 years.


(Dollars in thousands, except per-share amounts)                            

Deferred Stock Compensation Plan for Directors
The Company reserved 100,000 shares of itsissues common stock for issuance to certain members of its Board of Directors under the Deferred Stock Compensation Plan for Directors of Raven Industries, Inc. (the Director Plan). The Director Plan is administered by the Personnel and Compensation Committee of the Board of Directors. Under the Director Plan, any non-employee director receives a grant of a number of stock units as deferred compensation to be converted into common stock after retirement from the Board of Directors and may elect to have a specified percentage of their annual retainer converted to stock units. Under the Director Plan, a stock unit is the right to receive one1 share of the Company's common stock as deferred compensation, to be distributed from an account established by the Company in the name of the non-employee director. Stock units have the same value as a share of common stock but cannot be sold. Stock units are a component of the Company's equity.

Stock units granted under the Director Plan vest immediately and are expensed at the date of grant. When dividends are paid on the Company's common shares, stock units are added to the directors' balances and a corresponding amount is removed from retained earnings. The intrinsic value of a stock unit is the fair value of the underlying shares.

Outstanding stock units as of January 31, 20182021, and changes during the year then ended are presented below:
Number of stock unitsWeighted average price
Outstanding, January 31, 2020129,413 $24.95 
Granted27,727 21.46 
Deferred retainers2,330 21.46 
Dividends1,685 21.64 
    Converted into common shares(9,184)21.56 
Outstanding, January 31, 2021151,971 $24.43 
  Number
of stock units
 Weighted
average price
Outstanding, January 31, 2017 98,649
 $20.82
Granted 12,000
 35.00
Deferred retainers 1,143
 35.00
Dividends 1,547
 33.98
Converted into common shares (25,725) 33.88
Outstanding, January 31, 2018 87,614
 $19.35



NOTE 15NET INCOME PER SHARE

Basic net income per share is computed by dividing net income by the weighted average common shares and stock units outstanding. Diluted net income per share is computed by dividing net income by the weighted average common and common equivalent shares outstanding which includes the shares issuable upon exercise of employee stock options (net of shares assumed purchased with the option proceeds), stock units and restricted stock units outstanding. Performance share awards are included in the diluted calculation based upon what would be issued if the end of the most recent reporting period was the end of the term of the award.

Certain outstanding options and restricted stock units were excluded from the diluted net income per-share calculations because their effect would have been anti-dilutive under the treasury stock method. The options and restricted stock units excluded from the diluted net income per share calculation were as follows:
For the years ended January 31,
202120202019
Anti-dilutive options and restricted stock units263,508 29,876 54,631 
  For the years ended January 31,
  2018 2017 2016
Anti-dilutive options and restricted stock units 344,774
 884,099
 1,107,733


66


(Dollars in thousands, except per-share amounts)                            

The computation of earnings per share is presented below:
For the years ended January 31,
202120202019
Numerator:
Net income attributable to Raven Industries, Inc.$18,876 $35,196 $51,794 
Denominator:
Weighted average common shares outstanding35,837,750 35,861,255 35,907,041 
Weighted average stock units outstanding147,776 122,792 99,922 
Denominator for basic calculation35,985,526 35,984,047 36,006,963 
Weighted average common shares outstanding35,837,750 35,861,255 35,907,041 
Weighted average stock units outstanding147,776 122,792 99,922 
Dilutive impact of stock options and RSUs164,695 231,708 431,595 
Denominator for diluted calculation36,150,221 36,215,755 36,438,558 
Net income per share - basic$0.52 $0.98 $1.44 
Net income per share - diluted$0.52 $0.97 $1.42 
  For the years ended January 31,
  2018 2017 2016
Numerator:      
Net income attributable to Raven Industries, Inc. $41,022
 $20,191
 $4,776
       
Denominator:      
Weighted average common shares outstanding 35,945,225
 36,142,416
 37,237,717
Weighted average stock units outstanding 104,980
 100,019
 86,745
Denominator for basic calculation 36,050,205
 36,242,435
 37,324,462
       
Weighted average common shares outstanding 35,945,225
 36,142,416
 37,237,717
Weighted average stock units outstanding 104,980
 100,019
 86,745
Dilutive impact of stock options and RSUs 399,620
 129,480
 75,481
Denominator for diluted calculation 36,449,825
 36,371,915
 37,399,943
       
Net income per share - basic $1.14
 $0.56
 $0.13
Net income per share - diluted $1.13
 $0.56
 $0.13



NOTE 16BUSINESS SEGMENTS AND MAJOR CUSTOMER INFORMATION

The Company's operating segments, which are also its reportable business segments, are defined by their product lines which have been generally grouped based on technology, manufacturing processes, and end-use application. The Company's reportablebusiness segments are Applied Technology Division, Engineered Films Division, and Aerostar Division. Separate financial information is available for each reportable segment and regularly evaluated by the Company's chief operating decision-maker, the President and Chief Executive Officer, in making resource allocation decisions for the Company's reportable segments. Segment information is reported consistent with the Company's management reporting structure.

Applied Technology designs, manufactures, sells, and services innovative precision agriculture products and information management tools, which are collectively referred to as precision agriculture equipment, that help growersfarmers reduce costs, save time,more precisely control inputs, and improve farm yields aroundfor the world.  Theirglobal agriculture market. The Applied Technology product families include field computers, application controls, GPS-guidance and assisted-steeringsteering systems, field computers, automatic boom controls, machine automation, and injection systems, yield monitoring controls, planter and seeder controls, and an integrated real-time kinematic (RTK) and information platform called Slingshot™.systems. Applied TechnologyTechnology's services include high-speed, in-field internetwireless connectivity, and cloud-based data management.management and logistics services. Applied Technology’s acquisition of Smart Ag and DOT in November 2019, further disclosed in Note 6 Acquisitions and Investments in Businesses and Technologies, brings a unique U-shaped platform designed to autonomously handle a large variety of agriculture implements along with perception, path planning, machine safety, and remote communication solutions to the precision ag market.

The Company's Engineered Films Division manufacturesproduces high-performance plastic films and sheeting for majorgeomembrane, agricultural, construction, and industrial applications and also offers design-build and installation services of these plastic films and sheeting. Plastic film and sheeting can be purchased separately or together with installation services. Engineered Films sells both direct to end-customers and through independent third-party distributors. The majority of product sold into the construction and agriculture markets throughoutis through distributors, while sales into the geomembrane and industrial markets are more direct in nature. The Company extrudes a significant portion of the film converted for its commercial products and believes it is one of the largest sheeting converters in the United States and abroad. An important part of this business is highly technical, engineered geomembrane films that protect environmental resources through containment linings and coverings for energy, agriculture, construction, and industrial markets. Engineered Films expanded its business model in the fiscal 2018 third quarter by adding new design-buildmarkets it serves. Engineered Films' ability to extrude and convert films, along with offering installation service solutions toservices for its geomembrane marketproducts, allows it to provide a more customized solution to customers. A number of film manufacturers compete with the asset purchase of Colorado Lining International, Inc.Company on both price and product availability.

Aerostar designsserves the aerospace and manufactures proprietarydefense and commercial lighter-than-air markets. Aerostar's core products includinginclude high-altitude balloons, tethered aerostats,stratospheric platforms, technical services, and radar systems. These products can be integrated with additional third-party sensors to provide research, communications, and situational awareness capabilities to governmentgovernmental and commercial customers. Aerostar's product lines such as manufacturing military parachutes and electronics manufacturing services were phased out during fiscal 2016 as the Company focused itsAerostar’s growth strategy on itsemphasizes the design and manufacture of proprietary products and largely completed its exit of contract manufacturing operations.
Through Vista and AIS,in these markets. Aerostar also pursues potential product and support services contracts for agencies and instrumentalities of thewith U.S. government and to foreign governmentsagencies as direct commercialwell as sales and foreign military sales through the U.S. Government. Vista positions the Company to meet the global demand for lower-cost detection and trackingof radar systems used by government agencies.in international markets.
67


(Dollars in thousands, except per-share amounts)                            

The Company measures the performance of its segments based on their operating income excluding administrative and general expenses. The accounting policies of the operating segments are the same as those described in Note 1 "Summary of Significant Accounting Policies.Policies." Other income, interest expense, and income taxes are not allocated to individual operating segments, and assets not identifiable to an individual segment are included as corporate assets.
Business segment financial performance and other information is as follows:    
  For the years ended January 31,
  2018 2017 2016
APPLIED TECHNOLOGY DIVISION      
Sales $124,688
 $105,217
 $92,599
Operating income(a)(f)
 31,257
 26,643
 18,319
Assets(b)
 66,555
 67,911
 65,490
Capital expenditures 1,489
 1,017
 664
Depreciation and amortization 3,365
 3,828
 4,428
ENGINEERED FILMS DIVISION      
Sales(c)
 $213,298
 $138,855
 $129,465
Operating income(f)
 47,324
 22,966
 17,892
Assets(b)
 168,797
 133,309
 134,942
Capital expenditures 8,128
 2,768
 10,780
Depreciation and amortization 8,761
 8,580
 7,735
AEROSTAR DIVISION      
Sales $39,915
 $34,113
 $36,368
Operating income (loss)(d)(f)
 4,122
 (1,560) (14,801)
Assets(b)
 22,127
 23,515
 32,689
Capital expenditures 343
 547
 941
Depreciation and amortization 1,386
 1,720
 3,297
INTERSEGMENT ELIMINATIONS      
Sales      
Applied Technology Division $
 $(1) $(8)
Engineered Films Division (584) (789) (195)
Aerostar Division 
 
 
Operating income(f)
 20
 (12) 91
Assets (3,380) (69) (57)
REPORTABLE SEGMENTS TOTAL      
Sales $377,317
 $277,395
 $258,229
Operating income(f)
 82,723
 48,037
 21,501
Assets 254,099
 224,666
 233,064
Capital expenditures 9,960
 4,332
 12,385
Depreciation and amortization 13,512
 14,128
 15,460
CORPORATE & OTHER      
Operating (loss) from administrative expenses(g)
 $(23,553) $(19,624) $(17,110)
Assets(b)(e)
 72,704
 76,843
 65,624
Capital expenditures 2,051
 464
 661
Depreciation and amortization 1,290
 1,308
 1,676
TOTAL COMPANY      
Sales $377,317
 $277,395
 $258,229
Operating income 59,170
 28,413
 4,391
Assets 326,803
 301,509
 298,688
Capital expenditures 12,011
 4,796
 13,046
Depreciation and amortization 14,802
 15,436
 17,136

(a) The fiscal year ended January 31, 2016includes gains of $611 on disposal of assets related to the exit of contract manufacturing operations.
(b) Certain facilities owned by the Company are shared by more than one reporting segment. All facilities are reported as an asset based on the segment that acquired the asset as we believe this better reflects total assets of the business segment. Expenses and costs related to these facilities including depreciation expense, are allocated and reported in each reporting segment's operating income for each fiscal year presented.
(c) Fiscal year 2018 sales include $13,088 in net sales related to the CLI asset acquisition further described in Note 6 "Acquisitions of and Investments in Businesses and Technologies", and $24,225 of recovery film sales related to the hurricane recovery effort.
(d) The fiscal year 2017 includes inventory write-downs of $2,278 for Vista as a result of discontinuing sales activities for a specific radar product line within its business. The fiscal year ended January 31, 2016 includes pre-contract cost write-offs of $2,933, a goodwill impairment loss of $11,497, a long-lived asset
Business segment financial performance and other information is as follows:
For the years ended January 31,
202120202019
APPLIED TECHNOLOGY DIVISION
Sales$147,198 $130,460 $129,749 
Operating income(a)(f)
26,468 30,672 39,044 
Assets(b)(c)
176,535 172,320 79,742 
Capital expenditures2,571 1,464 2,050 
Depreciation and amortization5,093 3,995 3,433 
ENGINEERED FILMS DIVISION
Sales(d)
$147,921 $197,719 $226,574 
Operating income(a)
15,743 28,695 39,714 
Assets(b)
147,085 158,440 159,592 
Capital expenditures11,583 5,317 9,544 
Depreciation and amortization9,719 9,518 9,149 
AEROSTAR DIVISION
Sales$53,343 $54,443 $50,867 
Operating income(a)
4,399 8,597 8,179 
Assets(b)
22,896 26,344 21,515 
Capital expenditures1,148 652 168 
Depreciation and amortization1,065 933 891 
INTERSEGMENT ELIMINATIONS
Sales
Applied Technology Division$(3)$(2)$(10)
Engineered Films Division(100)(90)(512)
Aerostar Division0 0 0 
Operating income(a)
72 (35)
Assets(b)
(32)(104)(104)
REPORTABLE SEGMENTS TOTAL
Sales(d)
$348,359 $382,530 $406,668 
Operating income(a)(f)
46,682 67,964 86,902 
Assets(b)
346,484 357,000 260,745 
Capital expenditures15,302 7,433 11,762 
Depreciation and amortization15,877 14,446 13,473 
CORPORATE & OTHER
Operating (loss) from administrative expenses(a)(e)
$(27,031)$(28,025)$(31,769)
Assets(b)(c)(g)
62,887 46,257 99,500 
Capital expenditures845 1,127 2,365 
Depreciation and amortization1,544 1,795 1,650 
TOTAL COMPANY
Sales(d)
$348,359 $382,530 $406,668 
Operating income(e)(f)
19,651 39,939 55,133 
Assets409,371 403,257 360,245 
Capital expenditures16,147 8,560 14,127 
Depreciation and amortization17,421 16,241 15,123 
68


(Dollars in thousands, except per-share amounts)                            

impairment loss of $3,826, and a $2,273 reduction of an acquisition-related contingent liability for Vista as a result of lower financial expectations for net sales and operating income. These items are further described in Note 7 "Goodwill, Long-Lived Assets, and Other Charges ".
(e)(a) Assets are principally cash, investments, deferred taxes, and other receivables.
(f) At the segment level, operating income does not include an allocation of general and administrative expenses.
(g)At the segment level, operating income does not include an allocation of general and administrative expenses and, as a result, general and administrative expenses are reported as "Operating (loss) from administrative expenses" in Corporate & Other.

(b) Certain facilities owned by the Company are shared by more than one reporting segment. All facilities are reported as an asset based on the segment that acquired the asset as the Company believes this most appropriately reflects the total assets of each business segment. Expenses and costs related to these facilities, including depreciation expense, are allocated and reported in each reporting segment's operating income for each fiscal year presented.
No(c) Applied Technology fiscal 2021 and 2020 Assets include goodwill and intangible assets related to the acquisitions of Smart Ag and DOT. These assets are further disclosed in Note 6 "Acquisitions and Investments in Business Technologies". Fiscal 2020 Assets for the Corporate & Other segment reflect the use of cash to fund the acquisitions of Smart Ag and DOT.
(d)Economic conditions as a result of the global pandemic have created weak demand across a majority of Engineered Films' end-markets for fiscal 2021. Additionally, there were 0 sales of hurricane recovery film in fiscal 2021, while in fiscal 2020 and 2019 there were hurricane film sales of $1,860 and $14,494, respectively.
(e) Fiscal 2019 administrative expenses included a $4,503 expense related to the previously announced gift to SDSU. Fiscal 2021 and 2020 included approximately $2,089 and $2,700 of expenses related to Project Atlas. Project Atlas related expenses in fiscal 2019 were approximately $4,000.
(f) Applied Technology's operating income for fiscal 2021 includes $16,646 of costs and expenses incurred primarily for research and development related to Raven Autonomy™ to drive commercialization of its autonomous technology. Applied Technology's operating income for fiscal 2020 includes $2,834 of costs and expenses incurred in fourth quarter of fiscal 2020 related to Raven Autonomy™ .
(g) Assets are principally cash, investments, and other receivables.

Sales to 1 OEM customer in the Applied Technology Division accounted for 10% of the Company's consolidated nets sales in fiscal year 2021 and 14% of consolidated accounts receivable at January 31, 2021. NaN customers accounted for 10% or more of consolidated net sales in fiscal 2018, 20172020 or 2016.2019.

Substantially all of the Company's long-lived assets are located in the United States. Foreign sales are attributed to countries based on location of the customer. Net sales to customers outside the United States were as follows:
For the years ended January 31,
202120202019
Canada$13,025 $12,121 $12,492 
Europe15,867 14,681 15,786 
Latin America6,709 8,261 5,950 
Asia5,168 3,387 7,240 
Other foreign sales4,945 3,682 6,861 
Total foreign sales45,714 42,132 48,329 
United States302,645 340,398 358,339 
$348,359 $382,530 $406,668 
  For the years ended January 31,
  2018 2017 2016
Canada $12,940
 $13,969
 $11,789
Europe 13,864
 13,924
 10,526
Latin America 4,439
 3,402
 2,676
Asia 4,074
 1,535
 482
Other foreign sales 6,239
 2,698
 2,376
Total foreign sales 41,556
 35,528
 27,849
United States 335,761
 241,867
 230,380
  $377,317
 $277,395
 $258,229



NOTE 17SUBSEQUENT EVENTS

On February 5, 2018, the Company sold its equity ownership interest in SST. The Company held approximately a 22% interest in SST,has evaluated events up to the filing date of this Annual Report on Form 10-K and the initial cash received at close was in excess of its carrying value which approximated $1,900. The Company's analysis and accounting for this transaction will be completedconcluded that no subsequent events have occurred that would require recognition or disclosure in the first quarter of fiscal 2019.Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements.



ITEM 9.CHANGES IN AND DISAGREEMENTS WITH ACCOUNTANTS ON ACCOUNTING AND FINANCIAL DISCLOSURE

None.


ITEM 9A.CONTROLS AND PROCEDURES

Disclosure Controls and Procedures
Disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e) are our controls and other procedures that are designed to ensure that information required to be disclosed by us in the reports that we file or submit under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 (the Exchange Act) is recorded, processed, summarized, and reported within the time periods specified in the SEC's rules and forms. Disclosure controls and procedures include, without limitation, controls and procedures designed to ensure that information required to be disclosed by us in the reports that we file or submit under the Exchange Act is accumulated and communicated to our management, including our Chief Executive Officer (CEO) and Chief Financial Officer (CFO), as appropriate to allow timely decisions regarding required disclosure. As of January 31, 2018,2021, the end of the period covered by this report, management evaluated the effectiveness of the Company's disclosure controls and
69

procedures as of such date. Based on their evaluation, the CEO and CFO have concluded that the Company's disclosure controls and procedures were effective at a reasonable assurance level as of January 31, 2018.2021.

Management's Report on Internal Control Over Financial Reporting
Pursuant to Section 404 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, the Company included management’s assessment of the design and effectiveness of its internal controls over financial reporting as part of this Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended January 31, 2018.2021. Management's report and the report of the Company's independent registered public accounting firm are included in Part II, Item 8. captioned “Management's"Management's Report on Internal Control Over Financial Reporting" and "Report"Reports of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm”Firm" and are incorporated herein by reference.

Remediation of Prior Material Weakness

We completed our remediation plan designed to address the material weaknesses related to the Company's controls relating to the response to the risks of material misstatement, controls related to accounting for goodwill and long-lived assets, including finite-lived intangible assets, and controls related to the completeness and accuracy of spreadsheets and system-generated reports used in internal control over financial reporting that were identified during our fiscal year 2016. As part of our assessment of internal control over financial reporting, management tested and evaluated all controls to assess whether they were designed and operating effectively as of January 31, 2018. Based on this assessment, management concluded that the material weaknesses were remediated.

Changes in Internal Control Over Financial Reporting
As described above under "Remediation of Prior Material Weaknesses" thereThere were no changes in our internal control over financial reporting (as defined in Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f) under the Exchange Act) that occurred during the quarterthree- or twelve -month periods ended January 31, 20182021, that have materially affected, or are reasonably likely to materially affect, the Company’s internal control over financial reporting.


ITEM 9B.OTHER INFORMATION
Not applicable.


PART III
ITEM 9B.OTHER INFORMATION

Not applicable.

PART III
ITEMS 10, 11, 12, 13 and 14.DIRECTORS, EXECUTIVE OFFICERS AND CORPORATE GOVERNANCE; EXECUTIVE COMPENSATION; SECURITY OWNERSHIP OF CERTAIN BENEFICIAL OWNERS AND MANAGEMENT AND RELATED SHAREHOLDER MATTERS; CERTAIN RELATIONSHIPS AND RELATED TRANSACTIONS, AND DIRECTOR INDEPENDENCE; AND PRINCIPAL ACCOUNTING FEES AND SERVICES

The Company will file a definitive proxy statement with the Securities and Exchange Commission pursuant to Regulation 14A under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 (the Proxy Statement) relating to the Company's 20182021 Annual Meeting of Shareholders. Information required by Items 10 through 14 will appear in the Proxy Statement and is incorporated herein by reference.


PART IV
PART IV
ITEM 15.EXHIBITS, FINANCIAL STATEMENT SCHEDULE

LIST OF DOCUMENTS FILED AS PART OF THIS REPORT

Financial Statements
See PART II, Item 8.

Financial Statement Schedule
Schedule II - Valuation and Qualifying Accounts for the years ended January 31, 2018, 2017,2021, 2020, and 2016;2019; included on the last page 79.within Item 16 below.

All other schedules for which provision is made in the applicable accounting regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission are not required under the related instructions or are inapplicable and therefore have been omitted.

Exhibits
See index to Exhibits on the following page.below.


Exhibit
Number
Description
Restated Articles of Incorporation of Raven Industries, Inc. and all amendments thereto dated as of December 12, 2018 (incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 3.1 of the Company's Form 10-K filed March 22, 2019).
Amended and Restated Bylaws of Raven Industries, Inc. (incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit B of the Company's definitive Proxy Statement filed April 12, 2012).
70

Exhibit
Number
Description
Description of Raven Industries, Inc. Common Stock (incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 4.1. of the Company's Form 10-K filed March 26, 2020).
Amended and Restated Credit Agreement dated November 8, 2019, by and among Raven Industries, Inc. as the Borrower, certain subsidiaries of the Company, as Designated Borrowers, Bank of America, N.A., as Administrative Agent, Swingline Lender, and an L/C issuer and each of the other lenders party thereto, (incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 10.1 of the Company's Form 10-K filed March 26, 2020).
Form of Performance Stock Unit Agreement under the Raven Industries, Inc. 2019 Equity Incentive Plan (incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 10.2 of the Company's Form 10-K filed March 26, 2020). †
Form of Restricted Stock Unit Award Agreement under the Raven Industries, Inc. 2019 Equity Incentive Plan (incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 10.3 of the Company's Form 10-K filed March 26, 2020). †
Raven Industries, Inc. 2019 Equity Incentive Plan adopted May 21, 2019 (incorporated herein by reference to Appendix A of the Company’s definitive Proxy Statement filed April 8, 2019). †
Form of Performance Stock Unit Agreement under the Raven Industries, Inc. 2019 Equity Incentive Plan (incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 10.1 of the Company's Form 10-Q filed November 27, 2019). †
Form of Restricted Stock Unit Award Agreement under the Raven Industries, Inc. 2019 Equity Incentive Plan (incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 10.2 of the Company's Form 10-Q filed November 27, 2019). †
Amended and Restated Deferred Stock Compensation Plan for Directors of Raven Industries, Inc., effective July 11, 2018 (incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 10.1 of the Company's Form 8-K filed July 12, 2018). †
Amended and Restated 2010 Stock Incentive Plan adopted May 25, 2017 (incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit A of the Company’s definitive Proxy Statement filed April 19, 2017). †
Form of Non-Qualified Stock Option Agreement (incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 10(r) of the Company's Form 10-Q filed June 4, 2012). †
Form of Restricted Stock Unit Agreement (incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 10(s) of the Company's Form 10-Q filed June 4, 2012). †
Raven Industries, Inc. Non-Qualified Deferred Compensation Plan, effective as of January 1, 2018 (incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 10.1 of the Company's Form 10-K filed March 23, 2018). †
Amended and Restated Employment Agreement between Raven Industries, Inc. and Daniel A. Rykhus dated as of March 29, 2017 (incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 10.1 of the Company's Form 10-K filed March 31, 2017). †
Amended and Restated Employment Agreement between Raven Industries, Inc. and Steven E. Brazones dated as of March 29, 2017 (incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 10.2 of the Company's Form 10-K filed March 31, 2017). †
Form of Amended and Restated Change in Control Agreement between Raven Industries, Inc. and the following senior executive officers: Anthony D. Schmidt dated as of March 28, 2016 (incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 10.1 of the Company's Form 10-K filed March 29, 2016). †
Employment Agreement between Raven Industries, Inc. and Anthony D. Schmidt dated as of February 1, 2012 (incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 10.1 of the Company's Form 8-K filed February 1, 2012). †
Form of Schedule A to Employment Agreement, revised effective January 1, 2016, between Raven Industries, Inc. and the following senior executive officers: Anthony D. Schmidt (incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 10.3 of the Company's Form 10-K filed March 31, 2017). †
Subsidiaries of the Registrant.
Consent of Deloitte & Touche LLP, Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm.
Certification of Chief Executive Officer Pursuant to Rule 13a-14(a) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as adopted pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.
Certification of Chief Financial Officer Pursuant to Rule 13a-14(a) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as adopted pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.
Certification of Chief Executive Officer Pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.
Certification of Chief Financial Officer Pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.
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71

Exhibit
Number
Description
101.PREXBRL Taxonomy Extension Presentation Linkbase
104 Cover page Interactive Data File is formatted in Inline XBRL and is contained in Exhibit 101
Management contract or compensatory plan or arrangement.
* The exhibits and schedules to this Amended and Restated Credit agreement listed in the table of contents of the Credit Agreement do not contain material information and have been omitted from this filing pursuant to item 601(a)(5) of Regulation S-K. Raven Industries, Inc. will furnish copies of such exhibits and schedules to the Securities and Exchange Commission upon request.

ITEM 16.FORM 10-K SUMMARY

None.
72



SIGNATURES
Exhibit
Number
Description
Asset Purchase Agreement by and among Colorado Lining International, Inc., John B. Heap, Patrick Elliott, and Raven Industries, Inc., dated as of August 22, 2017 (incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 2.1 of the Company's Form 10-Q filed November 21, 2017.
3(a)Articles of Incorporation of Raven Industries, Inc. and all amendments thereto (incorporated herein by reference to the corresponding exhibit of the Company's Form 10-K for the year ended January 31, 1989). ‡
Amended and Restated Bylaws of Raven Industries, Inc. (incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit B of the Company's definitive Proxy Statement filed April 12, 2012).
Amended and Restated 2010 Stock Incentive Plan adopted May 25, 2017 (incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit A of the Company’s definitive Proxy Statement filed April 19, 2017). †

Form of Non-Qualified Stock Option Agreement (incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 10(r) of the Company's Form 10-Q filed June 4, 2012). †
Form of Restricted Stock Unit Agreement (incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 10(s) of the Company's Form 10-Q filed June 4, 2012). †
Raven Industries, Inc. Non-Qualified Deferred Compensation Plan, effective as of January 1, 2018 and filed herewith as Exhibit 10.1. †
Raven Industries, Inc. Deferred Compensation Plan for Directors adopted May 23, 2007 (incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 10.1 of the Company's Form8-K filed May 24, 2006). †
Credit Agreement, dated April 15, 2015, by and among Raven Industries, Inc. and JPMorgan Chase Bank, N.A., Toronto Branch, as Canadian Administrative Agent, JPMorgan Chase Bank National Association, as Administrative Agent, and JP Morgan Securities LLC and Wells Fargo Securities, LLC as Joint Bookrunners and Joint Lead Arrangers (incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 10.1 of the Company's Form 8-K filed April 16, 2015).
Guaranty, dated as of April 15, 2015, made by each of the Guarantors (Raven Industries, Inc., Aerostar International, Inc., Vista Research, Inc., and Integra Plastics, Inc.) in favor of JPMorgan Chase Bank, N.A. as Administrative Agent on behalf of the guaranteed parties (incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 10.2 of the Company's Form 8-K filed April 16, 2015).
Amended and Restated Employment Agreement between Raven Industries, Inc. and Daniel A. Rykhus dated as of March 29, 2017 (incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 10.1 of the Company's Form 10-K filed March 31, 2017). †
Amended and Restated Employment Agreement between Raven Industries, Inc. and Steven E. Brazones dated as of March 29, 2017 (incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 10.2 of the Company's Form 10-K filed March 31, 2017). †
Form of Amended and Restated Change in Control Agreement between Raven Industries, Inc. and the following senior executive officers: Anthony D. Schmidt, Brian E. Meyer, and Janet L. Matthiesen dated as of March 28, 2016 (incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 10.1 of the Company's Form 10-K filed March 29, 2016). †
Form of Amended Employment Agreement between Raven Industries, Inc. and the following senior executive officers: Brian E. Meyer and Janet L. Matthiesen dated August 25, 2015 (incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 10.1 of the Company's Form 8-K filed August 31, 2015). †
Employment Agreement between Raven Industries, Inc. and Anthony D. Schmidt dated as of February 1, 2012 (incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 10.1 of the Company's Form 8-K filed February 1, 2012). †
Form of Schedule A to Employment Agreement, revised effective January 1, 2016, between Raven Industries, Inc. and the following senior executive officers: Janet L. Matthiesen, Brian E. Meyer, and Anthony D. Schmidt (incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 10.3 of the Company's Form 10-K filed March 31, 2017). †
Letter of PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP to the Securities and Exchange Commission, dated as of April 6, 2017, (incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 16.1 of the Company's Form 8-K filed April 6, 2017).
Subsidiaries of the Registrant.
Consent of Deloitte & Touche LLP, Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm.
Consent of PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP, Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm.
Certification of Chief Executive Officer Pursuant to Rule 13a-14(a) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as adopted pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.
Certification of Chief Financial Officer Pursuant to Rule 13a-14(a) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as adopted pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.
Certification of Chief Executive Officer Pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.
Certification of Chief Financial Officer Pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.

101.INS
Instance Document - the instance document does not appear in the Interactive Data File because its XBRL tags are embedded within the Inline XBRL document

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Management contract or compensatory plan or arrangement.
Filed in paper.

SIGNATURES
SIGNATURES
Pursuant to the requirements of Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the Registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized.
RAVEN INDUSTRIES, INC.
(Registrant)
By: /s/ DANIEL A. RYKHUS
Daniel A. Rykhus
President and Chief Executive Officer
Date: March 23, 2018
RAVEN INDUSTRIES, INC.
(Registrant)
By: /s/ DANIEL A. RYKHUS
Daniel A. Rykhus
President and Chief Executive Officer
Date: March 24, 2021

Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, this report has been signed below by the following persons on behalf of the Registrant and in the capacities and on the dates indicated.
/s/ DANIEL A. RYKHUS/s/ JANET M. HOLLOWAY
Daniel A. RykhusJanet M. Holloway
President and Chief Executive OfficerDirector
(principal executive officer)Principal Executive Officer) and Director
/s/ STEVEN E. BRAZONESTAIMUR SHARIH/s/ THOMAS S. EVERISTKEVIN T. KIRBY
Steven E. BrazonesTaimur SharihThomas S. EveristKevin T. Kirby
Vice President and Chief Financial OfficerDirector
(principal financialPrincipal Financial and accounting officer)Accounting Officer)
/s/ MARC E. LEBARON/s/ KEVIN T. KIRBYLOIS M. MARTIN
Marc E. LeBaronKevin T. KirbyLois M. Martin
Chairman of the BoardDirector
/s/ JASON M. ANDRINGA/s/ RICHARD W. PAROD
Jason M. AndringaRichard W. Parod
DirectorDirector
/s/ DAVID L. CHICOINETHOMAS S. EVERIST
David L. ChicoineThomas S. Everist
Director
Date: March 23, 201824, 2021

73


SCHEDULE II - VALUATION AND QUALIFYING ACCOUNTS

forFor the years ended January 31, 2018, 20172021, 2020 and 20162019
(in thousands)


Additions
Description
Balance at
Beginning
of Year
Charged to
Costs and
Expenses
Charged to
Other
Accounts
Deductions
From
Reserves (1)
Balance at
End of Year
Deducted in the balance sheet from the asset to which it applies:
Allowance for credit losses:
Year ended January 31, 2021$1,380 $1,530 $$966 $1,944 
Year ended January 31, 2020739 816 175 1,380 
Year ended January 31, 2019978 37 276 739 
Column AColumn BColumn CColumn DColumn E
  Additions  
Description
Balance at
Beginning
of Year
Charged to
Costs and
Expenses
Charged to
Other
Accounts
Deductions
From
Reserves (1)
 
Balance at
End of Year
Deducted in the balance sheet from the asset to which it applies:     
Allowance for doubtful accounts:     
Year ended January 31, 2018$691
$357
$
$70
$978
Year ended January 31, 20171,034
380

723
691
Year ended January 31, 2016319
1,066

351
1,034

Note:

(1)Represents uncollectable accounts receivable written off during the year, net of recoveries.


(1)Represents uncollectable accounts receivable written off during the year, net of recoveries.


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