PART I
ITEM 1. BUSINESS
References to the “Company,” “EMCOR,” “we,” “us,” “our” and similar words refer to EMCOR Group, Inc. and its consolidated subsidiaries unless the context indicates otherwise.
General
We are one of the largest electrical and mechanical construction and facilities services firms in the United States. In addition, we provide a number of building services and industrial services. In 2019,2020, we had revenues of approximately $9.2$8.8 billion. Our services are provided to a broad range of commercial, industrial, utility, and institutional customers through approximately 8085 operating subsidiaries and joint venture entities.subsidiaries. Our executive offices are located at 301 Merritt Seven, Norwalk, Connecticut 06851-1092, and our telephone number at those offices is (203) 849-7800.
We specialize principally in providing construction services relating to electrical and mechanical systems in all types of facilities and in providing various services relating to the operation, maintenance, and management of facilities, including refineries and petrochemical plants.
Our electrical and mechanical construction services primarily involve the design, integration, installation, start-up, operation and maintenance, and provision of services relating to:
Electric•Electrical power transmission and distribution systems;
•Premises electrical and lighting systems;
•Process instrumentation in the refining, chemical processing, food processing, and mining industries;
•Low-voltage systems, such as fire alarm, security, and process control systems;
•Voice and data communications systems;
•Roadway and transit lighting and fiber optic lines;
•Heating, ventilation, air conditioning, refrigeration, and clean-room process ventilation systems;
•Fire protection systems;
•Plumbing, process and high-purity piping systems;
•Controls and filtration systems;
•Water and wastewater treatment systems;
•Central plant heating and cooling systems;
•Crane and rigging services;
•Millwright services; and
•Steel fabrication, erection, and welding services.
Our building services, operations, which are provided to a wide range of facilities, including commercial, utility, institutional, and governmental facilities, include:
•Commercial and government site-based operations and maintenance;
•Facility management, maintenance, and services
•Outage services to utilities and industrial plants;
•Military base operations support services;
•Mobile mechanical maintenance and services;
•Services aimed at improving indoor air quality;
•Floor care and janitorial services;
•Landscaping, lot sweeping, and snow removal;
•Other building services, including reception, security, and catering services;;
Outage services to utilities and industrial plants;
Military base operations support services;
Mobile mechanical maintenance and services;
Floor care and janitorial services;
Landscaping, lot sweeping and snow removal;
Facilities management;
•Vendor management;
•Call center services;
•Installation and support for building systems;
•Program development, management, and maintenance for energy systems;
•Technical consulting and diagnostic services;
•Infrastructure and building projects for federal, state, and local governmental agencies and bodies; and
•Small modification and retrofit projects.
Our industrial services are primarily provided to customers within the oil, gas, and gas industrypetrochemical industries and consist of:
•On-site repairs, maintenance, and service of heat exchangers, towers, vessels, and piping;
•Design, manufacturing, repair, and hydro blast cleaning of shell and tube heat exchangers and related equipment;
•Refinery turnaround planning and engineering services;
•Specialty welding services;
•Overhaul and maintenance of critical process units in refineries and petrochemical plants; and
•Specialty technical services for refineries and petrochemical plants; and
Construction, maintenance, and support services within the upstream and midstream sectors.plants.
We provide construction services and building services directly to corporations, municipalities and federal and state governmental entities, owners/developers, and tenants of buildings. We also provide our construction services indirectly by acting as a subcontractor to general contractors, systems suppliers, construction managers, developers, property managers, and other subcontractors. Our industrial services are generally provided directly to refineries and petrochemical plants. As of December 31, 2019,2020, we had approximately 36,00033,000 employees.
Our revenues are derived from many different customers in numerous industries, which have operations in several different geographical areas. Of our 20192020 revenues, approximately 95% were generated in the United States and approximately 5% were generated in foreign countries, substantially all in the United Kingdom. In 2019,2020, approximately 60%62% of revenues were derived from our construction operations, approximately 28%29% of revenues were derived from our building services operations and approximately 12%9% of revenues were derived from our industrial services operations.
During the third quarter of 2014, we ceased construction operations in the United Kingdom. The results of the construction operations of our United Kingdom segment for all periods are presented as discontinued operations.
The broad scope of our operations is more particularly described below. For information regarding the revenues, operating income and total assets of each of our segments with respect to each of the last three years, and our revenues and assets attributable to the United States and the United Kingdom for the last three years, see Note 19 - Segment Information of the notes to consolidated financial statements included in Item 8. Financial Statements and Supplementary Data.
Operations
The electrical and mechanical construction services industry continues to experiencehas experienced growth due principally to the increased content, complexity, and sophistication of electrical and mechanical systems resulting, in part, from growth in digital processing, and cloud computing and data storage. In addition, facilities of all types require extensive electrical distribution systems, sophisticated power supplies, and networks of low-voltage and fiber-optic communications cabling.cabling, and various mechanical, plumbing, and fire protection and suppression systems. Moreover, the need for substantial environmental controls within a building, due to the heightened need to maintain extensive computer systems at optimal temperatures, and the demand for increased energy savings,efficiency, have over the years expanded opportunities for our electrical and mechanical services businesses. The demand for these services is typically driven by non-residential construction and renovation activity.
Our electrical and mechanical construction services primarily involve the design, integration, installation, and start-up of, and provision of services relating to: (a) electricelectrical power transmission and distribution systems, including power cables, conduits, distribution panels, transformers, generators, uninterruptible power supply systems, and related switch gear and controls; (b) premises electrical and lighting systems, including fixtures and controls; (c) process instrumentation in the refining, chemical processing, food processing, and mining industries; (d) low-voltage systems, such as fire alarm, security, and process control systems; (e) voice and data communications systems, including fiber-optic and low-voltage cabling;cabling, distributed antenna systems, and audiovisual systems; (f) roadway and transit lighting and signaling; and (g) fiber-optic lines; (g)(h) heating, ventilation, air conditioning, refrigeration, and clean-room process ventilation systems; (h)(i) fire protection systems; (i)(j) plumbing, process, and high-purity piping systems; (j)(k) controls and filtration systems; (k)(l) water and wastewater treatment systems; (l)(m) central plant heating and cooling systems; (m)(n) cranes and rigging; (n)(o) millwrighting; and (o)(p) steel fabrication, erection, and welding.
Our electrical and mechanical construction services generally fall into one of three categories: (a) large installation projects, with contracts often in the multi-million dollar range, that involveinvolve: (i) the construction of manufacturing facilities, data centers, and commercial buildings, and(ii) institutional and public works projects, or (iii) the fit-out of large blocks of space within commercial buildings, (b) large and medium sized capital and maintenance projects for commercial, manufacturing, petrochemical,pharmaceutical, healthcare, oil and gas, industrial, and commercialpetrochemical clients and (c) smaller installation projects, of a short duration, typically involving fit-out, renovation, and retrofit work. We also install and maintain lighting for streets, highways, bridges and tunnels, traffic signals, computerized traffic control systems, and signal and communication systems for mass transit systems, in several metropolitan areas. In addition, we manufacture and install sheet metal air handling systems for both our own mechanical construction operations and for unrelated mechanical contractors. We also maintain welding and pipe fabrication shops in support of some of our mechanical operations.
Our United States electrical and mechanical construction operations accounted for about 60%62% of our 20192020 total revenues. Of such revenues, approximately 40%36% were generated by our electrical construction operations and approximately 60%64% were generated by our mechanical construction operations.
We provide electrical and mechanical construction services for both large and small installation and renovation projects. Our largest projects have included those: (a) for institutionalcommercial purposes (such as educationaloffice buildings, data centers, convention centers, sports stadiums, and correctional facilities and research laboratories)shopping malls); (b) for manufacturing and industrial purposes (such as pharmaceutical plants, steel, pulp and paper mills, food processing, automotive and semiconductor manufacturing facilities, power generation (including sustainable energy solutions such as solar and power generation)wind), oil and gas refineries, and chemical processing plants); (c) for transportation purposes (such as highways, bridges, airports, and transit systems); (d) for commercialinstitutional purposes (such as office buildings, data centers, convention centers, sports stadiumseducational and shopping malls)correctional facilities and research laboratories); (e) for healthcare purposes; (f) for water and wastewater purposes; and (g) for hospitality purposes (such as resorts, hotels, and gaming facilities); (f) for water and wastewater purposes; (g) for healthcare purposes; (h) for process facilities (such as oil and gas refineries and chemical processing plants); and (i) for oil and gas pipeline compressor stations and terminal and metering facilities.. Our largest projects, which typically range in size from $10.0$10 million up to and occasionally exceeding $150.0$200 million, and are frequently multi-year projects, represented approximately 34%35% of our electrical and mechanical construction services revenues in 2019.2020. Depending on the size and complexity of these projects, they may span multiple years and typically require significant technical and management skills and the financial strength to obtain performance bonds, which are often a condition to bidding for and winning these projects.
Our projects of less than $10.0$10 million accounted for approximately 66%65% of our electrical and mechanical construction services revenues in 2019.2020. These projects are typically completed in less than one year. They usually involve electrical and mechanical construction services when an end-user or owner undertakes construction or modification of a facility to accommodate a specific use.use, replace aging systems, or increase energy efficiency. These projects frequently require electrical and mechanical systems to meet special needs such as critical systems power supply, fire protection systems, special environmental controls and high-purity air systems, sophisticated electrical and mechanical systems for data centers, new production lines in manufacturing plants, and office arrangements in existing office buildings. They are not usually dependent upon the new construction market. Demand for these projects and types of services is often prompted by the expiration of leases, changes in technology, the demand for more energy efficient systems, or changes in the customer’s plant or office layout in the normal course of a customer’s business.
We have a broaddiverse customer base with many long-standing relationships. We perform construction services pursuant to contracts with owners (such as corporations, municipalities, and other governmental entities), general contractors, systems suppliers, construction managers, developers, other subcontractors, and tenants of commercial properties. Institutional and public works projects are frequently long-term complex projects that require significant technical and management skills and the financial strength to obtain bid and performance bonds, which are often a condition to bidding for and winning these projects.
We also install and maintain lighting for streets, highways, bridges and tunnels, traffic signals, computerized traffic control systems, and signal and communication systems for mass transit systems in several metropolitan areas. In addition into our electrical and mechanical construction services, we provide a number of building services throughout the United States we manufacture and install sheet metal air handling systems for bothUnited Kingdom. Our building services operations have built upon our owntraditional electrical and mechanical construction operations and our client relationships to expand the scope of services being offered and to develop packages of services for unrelated mechanical contractors. We also maintain weldingcustomers on a regional and pipe fabrication shops in supportnational basis.
Our United States building services segment offersoperations provide a broad range of services, including operation,mobile mechanical maintenance and service ofservices for mechanical, electrical, plumbing, and building automation systems; commercial and government site-based operations and maintenance; indoor air quality improvement services; facility management, maintenance, and services, including outage services to utilities and manufacturing facilities; military base operations support services; mobile mechanical maintenance and services; floor care and janitorial services; landscaping, lot sweeping and snow removal; facilities management;other building services, including reception, security, and catering services; vendor management; call center services; installation and support for building systems; program development, management, and maintenance with respect to energy systems; technical consulting and diagnostic
services; infrastructure and building projects for federal, state, and local governmental agencies and bodies; and small modification and retrofit projects.
Our building services operations, which generated approximately 28%29% of our 20192020 total revenues, provide services to owners, operators, tenants, and managers of all types of facilities both on a contractual basis for a specified period of time and on an individual task order basis. Of our 2019 building services revenues for 2020, approximately 83% were generated in the United States and approximately 17% were generated in the United Kingdom.
Our building services operations have built upon our traditional electrical and mechanical services operations and our client relationships to expand the scope of services being offered and to develop packages of services for customers on a regional and national basis.
Demand for our building services is often driven by customers’ decisions to focus on their core competencies, customers’ programs to reduce costs, the increasing technical complexity of their facilities and their mechanical, electrical, building automation, voice and data, and other systems, and the need for increased reliability, especially in mechanical, electrical,energy efficiency, and building automation systems.air filtration and sanitization. These trends have led to outsourcing and privatization programs whereby customers in both the private and public sectors seek to contract out those activities that support, but are not directly associated with, the customer’s core business. Clients of our building services business include federal and state governments, institutional organizations, utilities, independent power producers, healthcare providers, and major corporations engaged in information technology, telecommunications, pharmaceuticals, financial services, and manufacturing, as well as large retailers and other businesses with geographically dispersed portfolioslocations throughout the United States.
We currently provide building services in a majority of the states in the United States to commercial, industrial, institutional and governmental customers and as part of our operations are responsible for: (a) the oversight of all or most of the facilities operations, including repair and maintenance; (b) servicing, upgrade and retrofit of HVAC, electrical, plumbing and industrial piping and sheet metal systems in existing facilities; (c) interior and exterior services, including floor care and janitorial services, landscaping, lot sweeping and snow removal; (d) diagnostic and solution engineering for building systems and their components; and (e) maintenance and support services to manufacturers and power producers.
We provide building services at a number of prominent buildings, including those that house the Secret Service, the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation, the General Accountability Office, (GAO), and the Department of Health and Human Services, as well as other government facilities, including the NASA Jet Propulsion Laboratory. We also provide building services, as a prime contractor or a subcontractor, to a number of military bases, including base operations support services to the Navy National Capital Region and the Army’s Carlisle Barracks in Pennsylvania, and are involved in a joint venture providing building services to NASA’s Armstrong Flight Research Center in Edwards, California.Center. The agreements pursuant to which this division provides services to the federal government are frequently for a base period and a number of option years exercisable at the sole discretion of the government, are often subject to renegotiation by the government in terms of scope of services, and are subject to termination by the government prior to the expiration of the applicable term.
Our United Kingdom subsidiary primarily focuses on building services and currently provides a broad range of services under multi-year agreements to public and private sector customers, including utilities, airlines, airports, real estate property managers, manufacturers, governmental agencies and the finance sector.
Our industrial services operations,business, which generated approximately 12%9% of our 20192020 total revenues, is a recognized leader in the refinery turnaround market and has a growing presence in the petrochemical market. Our industrial services businessesoperations perform a broad range of turnaround and maintenance services for critical units of refineries and petrochemical plants so as to upgrade, repair, and maintain them. Such services include turnaround and maintenance services relating to:include: (a) engineering and planning services in advance of complex refinery turnarounds; (b) overhaul and maintenance of critical process units (including hydrofluoric alkylation units, fluid catalytic cracking units, coking units, heaters, heat exchangers, and related mechanical equipment) during refinery and petrochemical plant shut downs; (c) replacement and new construction capital projects for refineries and petrochemical plants; and (d) other related specialty services such as (i) welding (including pipe welding) and fabrication; (ii) heater, boiler, and reformer repairs and replacements; converter repair and revamps; and vessel, exchanger and tower services; (iii) tower and column repairs in refineries and petrochemical plants; (iv) installation and repair of refractory materials for critical units in process plants so as to protect equipment from corrosion, erosion, and extreme temperatures; and (v) acid-proofing services to protect critical components at refineries from chemical exposure. In addition, these businesses: (a)businesses design and manufacture highly engineered shell and tube heat exchangers and provide maintenance, repair, and cleaning services for highly engineered shell and tube heat exchangers for refineries and petrochemical plants both in the field and at our own shops, including tube and shell repairs, bundle repairs, and extraction services; (b) designservices. Demand for these services is highly dependent on the strength of the oil and manufacture new highly engineered shellgas and tube heat exchangers; and (c) provide construction, maintenance, and support services to customers within the upstream and midstream sectors.related industrial markets.
Competition
InAcross our construction services, building services and industrial services businesses,operations, we compete with national, regional, and local companies, many of which are small, owner-operated entities that carry on their businesses in a limited geographic area, as well as with certain foreign companies.
We believe that theThe electrical and mechanical construction services industry is highly fragmented and our competition includes thousands of small companies across the United States. In the United States,addition, there are a few larger public companies focused on providing either electrical and/or mechanical construction services, such as Integrated Electrical Services,IES Holdings, Inc., Comfort Systems USA, Inc. and Tutor Perini Corporation. A majority of our revenues are derived from projects requiring competitive bids; however, an invitation to bid is often conditioned upon prior experience, technical capability, and financial strength. Because we have total assets, annual revenues, access to bank credit and surety bonding, and expertise significantly greater than most of our competitors, we believe we have a significant competitive advantage over our competitors in providing electrical and mechanical construction services. Competitive factors in the electrical and mechanical construction services business include: (a) the availability of qualified and/or licensed personnel; (b) reputation for integrity and quality; (c) safety record; (d) cost structure;structure and the ability to control project costs; (e) relationships with customers; (f) price; (g) geographic diversity; (g) the ability to control project costs; (h) experience in specialized markets; (i) the ability to obtain surety bonding; and (j) adequate working capital; (k)capital or access to bank credit;credit. We believe our financial position, operating results, access to bank credit and (l) price.surety bonding, technical expertise, and safety record, among other factors, give us a significant competitive advantage. However, there are relatively few significant barriers exist to prevent entry to several types of ourinto the electrical and mechanical construction services.services industry.
While the building services industry is also highly fragmented, with most competitors operating in a specific geographic region, a number of large United StatesU.S. based corporations such as AECOM Technology Corporation,Amentum Services, Inc., Johnson Controls Inc.International plc., Fluor Corp.,Corporation, J&J Worldwide Services, Cushman & Wakefield Inc.,plc, CBRE Group, Inc., Jones Lang LaSalle Incorporated, Sodexo, Inc., Aramark Corporation, and ABM Industries Incorporated are engaged in this field, as are large original equipment manufacturers such as Carrier Corp.Global Corporation and Trane Technologies Inc. In addition, we compete with several regional firms serving all or portions of the markets we target, such as Brickman Valley Crest,BrightView, Holdings, Inc., Kellermeyer Bergensons Services, Inc.,LLC, SMS Assist, LLC, and Ferandino & Sons,Son, Inc. Our principal services competitors in the United Kingdom include CBRE Group, Inc., Bouygues UK Ltd., ISS UK Ltd., and MITIE Group plc. The key competitive factors in the building services business include price, service, quality, technical expertise, geographic scope and theindustry include: (a) availability of qualified personnel and managers.managers; (b) service quality and technical expertise; (c) cost structure and the ability to control project costs; (d) price; and (e) geographic diversity. Due to our size, both financial and geographic, and our technical capability and management experience, and our geographic presence, we believe weour building services operations are in a strong competitive position in the building services business.position. However, there are relatively few barriers to entry to most of ourinto the building services businesses.industry.
The market for providing industrial services includes large national providers, as well as numerous regional companies. In the manufacture of heat exchangers, we compete with both U.S. and foreign manufactures. Competitors within this industry include JV Industrial Companies Ltd.,JVIC Catalyst Services, Matrix Service Company, UnitedUniversal Plant Services, Inc., Turner Industries, Team, Inc., Cust-O-Fab, Inc., Dunn Heat Exchangers, Inc., and Wyatt Field Service Company, and DeepWell Energy Services, LLC, among others. The key competitive factors in the industrial services market consist of: (a) availability of skilled workforce, (b) technical expertise, (c) service, quality, and ability to respond quickly, technical expertise,(d) price, and (e) safety record and availability of qualified personnel.record. Due to our technical capabilities, skilled workforce, and safety record, and skilled workforce, we believe that we are in a strong competitive position in the industrial services markets that we serve. Because of the complex tasks associated with turnarounds, and the precision required in manufacturing heat exchangers, we believe that the barriers to entry in this business are significant.
EmployeesHuman Capital
At December 31, 2019,2020, we employed approximately 36,00033,000 people, approximately29,000 of whom were located within the United States and 4,000 of whom were located in the United Kingdom.
Based on the most recent information available from our latest filing with the U.S. Equal Employment Opportunity Commission, the gender demographic of our U.S. employees was 89% male and 11% female. Additionally, based on such information, our U.S. employees had the following race and ethnicity demographics:
| | | | | |
| Employee Demographic | % of Total |
| White | 69 | % |
| Hispanic / Latinx | 20 | % |
| Black / African American | 7 | % |
| Asian | 2 | % |
| Multiracial, Native American, Native Hawaiian, and Pacific Islander | 2 | % |
Approximately 59% of whomour employees are represented by various unions pursuant to approximately 400 collective bargaining agreements between our individual subsidiaries and local unions.unions, as well as two collective bargaining agreements that are national in scope. We believe that our employee relations are generally good. Only two
Our ability to execute complex projects for our customers, and to perform all of our services with the excellence that makes us an industry leader, depends on our success in attracting and retaining skilled labor in a competitive market. We therefore strive to be and remain an employer of choice for the most talented employees in each of the industries and markets in which we operate. This begins with offering competitive employee compensation and benefits packages, specifically designed to meet the unique needs of each individual in our diverse organization, which include:
•Health and Welfare Plans: All full-time employees who do not participate in union plans are offered a range of choices among medical, dental and vision plans, life, accident, dependent and disability insurance, and pre-tax health spending accounts that include employer contributions.
•Retirement Savings: We help provide our employees with financial security by offering a 401(k) Savings Plan and an Employee Stock Purchase Plan, both of which include company matching contributions.
•Degree Assistance: Eligible employees may apply for reimbursement for job-related courses or courses taken as part of a curriculum for a business or job-related degree at an accredited institution.
•Employee Assistance Program: Through our Employee Assistance Program, we offer our employees, and their dependents or household members, access to services and counseling on a variety of personal, professional, legal, and financial matters, at no cost.
Key to our attraction and retention of employees is our commitment to our EMCOR Values and our focus on employee safety and diversity, equity, and inclusion. Our Board of Directors and senior leadership engage in oversight and management, respectively, of our significant human capital initiatives. Our Board of Directors is regularly briefed and provides input on key human capital initiatives and metrics.
Commitment to Core Values
We are committed to our EMCOR Values of Mission First: Integrity, Discipline, and Transparency and People Always: Mutual Respect and Trust, Commitment to Safety, and Teamwork. We constantly strive to ensure these collective bargaining agreementsvalues are nationalreflected in how we do business every day, from our corporate culture and “tone at the top,” established by our Board of Directors and management team, to the critical work performed by all of our people at every level throughout our organization. We reinforce our EMCOR Values through many ongoing initiatives. Our EMCOR Values are embodied in our policies and procedures, including our Code of Business Ethics and Conduct. We also regularly provide training on these values, both at time of hire and on an ongoing, periodic basis. In addition, to develop and reinforce our values company-wide, and empower our leaders to perform at the highest levels, senior leaders are invited to our Leadership for Results course at Babson College and our Leading with Character program at the Thayer Leadership Development Group at West Point.
Workplace Safety
We believe that our focus on employee safety and well-being is reflected in our results. In a year in which our employees worked a total of approximately 73 million hours, the second highest in our history, the Company’s Total Recordable Incident Rate in 2020 was approximately 1.20, which was nearly 60% lower than the most recently available industry average of 2.90. This represents our twelfth consecutive year with a Total Recordable Incident Rate which was less than half the industry average. Our position as an industry leader in safety begins with a strong culture of care and vigilance embodied in our EMCOR Values and is supported by a comprehensive suite of training, resources, and analytics. These include: (a) our signature Be There for Life! Zero Injuries Program and Be Vigilant! Campaign, (b) in-person and online training tools and best practice guides available through our company intranet, (c) a 24-hour incident reporting hotline, and (d) a cross-company Change the Way We Work Program to share and champion best safety practices across our range of businesses.
Diversity, Equity, and Inclusion
We believe that a diverse workforce is important to the long-term success of our business. We actively seek to increase the diversity of our workforce and to practice our commitment to diversity and inclusion in hiring, development, and training. This extends to our senior leadership and Board of Directors, where we require that any slate of candidates for a named executive officer or regional in scope.other corporate officer position, and new management-supported director nominees, include individuals from underrepresented demographics. We have also designed and implemented policies and practices to promote a workplace free from discrimination, including our Affirmative Action and Equal Opportunity Policy, the implementation, effectiveness, and reporting requirements of which are overseen by our designated Affirmative Action Officer.
We strive to help all our employees realize their full potential with an equal opportunity to succeed. We work to unlock the full potential of all employees at every level through: (a) the EMCOR Manager Certificate Program, which promotes supervisory management skills, (b) our Degree Assistance Program, which provides tuition reimbursement for continuing education, and (c) the resources available to all employees on our online learning platform, the EMCOR Learning Center, which includes thousands of on-demand training courses on a wide range of topics.
In furtherance of our EMCOR Values, all EMCOR employees are required to complete annual diversity & inclusion training, and our current and future leaders undergo implicit association and unconscious bias training.
Remaining Unsatisfied Performance Obligations
Our remaining unsatisfied performance obligations (“remaining performance obligations”) at December 31, 20192020 were $4.04$4.59 billion. Remaining performance obligations increase with awards of new contracts and decrease as we perform work and recognize revenue on existing contracts. We include a project within our remaining performance obligations at such time as the project is awarded and agreement on contract terms has been reached. Our remaining performance obligations include amounts related to contracts for which a fixed price contract value is not assigned when a reasonable estimate of total transaction price can be made.
Remaining performance obligations include unrecognized revenues to be realized from uncompleted construction contracts. Although many of our construction contracts are subject to cancellation at the election of our customers, in accordance with industry practice, we do not limit the amount of unrecognized revenue included within remaining performance obligations for these contracts as the risk of cancellation is very low due to the inherent substantial economic penalty that would be incurred by our customers would incur upon cancellation.cancellation or termination. We believe our
reported remaining performance obligations for our construction contracts are firm and contract cancellations have not had a material adverse effect on us.
Remaining performance obligations also include unrecognized revenues expected to be realized over the remaining term of service contracts. However, to the extent a service contract includes a cancellation clause which allows for the termination of such contract by either party without a substantive penalty, the remaining contract term, and therefore, the amount of unrecognized revenues included within remaining performance obligations, is limited to the notice period required for the termination.
Our remaining performance obligations are comprised of: (a) original contract amounts, (b) change orders for which we have received written confirmations from our customers, (c) pending change orders for which we expect to receive confirmations in the ordinary course of business, (d) claim amounts that we have made against customers for which we have determined we have a legal basis under existing contractual arrangements and as to which the variable consideration constraint does not apply, and (e) other forms of variable consideration to the extent that such variable consideration has been included within the transaction price of our contracts. Such claim and other variable consideration amounts were immaterial for all periods presented.
We estimate that approximately 84%83% of our remaining performance obligations as of December 31, 20192020 will be recognized as revenues during 2020.2021.
Available Information
We file annual, quarterly and current reports, proxy statements and other information with the Securities and Exchange Commission, which we refer to as the “SEC”. These filings are available to the public over the internet at the SEC’s website at http://www.sec.gov. You may also read and copy any document we file at the SEC’s Public Reference Room located at 100 F Street, N.E., Washington, D.C. 20549. Please call the SEC at 1-800-SEC-0330 for further information on the Public Reference Room.
Our Internet address is www.emcorgroup.com. We make available, free of charge, through www.emcorgroup.com our annual reports on Form 10-K, quarterly reports on Form 10-Q, current reports on Form 8-K, and amendments to those reports, as soon as reasonably practicable after we electronically file such material with, or furnish it to, the SEC. References to our website addressed in this report are provided as a convenience and do not constitute, and should not be viewed as, an incorporation by reference of the information contained on, or available through, the website. Therefore, such information should not be considered part of this report.
Our Board of Directors has an audit committee, a compensation and personnel committee, and a nominating and corporate governance committee. Each of these committees has a formal charter. We also have Corporate Governance Guidelines, which include guidelines regarding related party transactions, a Code of Ethics for our Chief Executive Officer and Senior Financial Officers, and a Code of Ethics and Business Conduct for Directors, Officers, and Employees. Copies of these charters, guidelines and codes, and any waivers or amendments to such codes which are applicable to our executive officers, senior financial officers, or directors, can be obtained free of charge on our website, www.emcorgroup.com.
You may request a copy of the foregoing filings (excluding exhibits), charters, guidelines and codes, and any waivers or amendments to such codes which are applicable to our executive officers, senior financial officers, or directors, at no cost by writing to us at EMCOR Group, Inc., 301 Merritt Seven, Norwalk, CT 06851-1092, Attention: Corporate Secretary, or by telephoning us at (203) 849-7800.
ITEM 1A. RISK FACTORS
Our business is subject to a variety of risks, including the risks described below as well as adverse business and market conditions and risks associated with foreign operations. The risks and uncertainties described below are not the only ones facing us. Additional risks and uncertainties not known to us or not described below, which we have not determined to be material, may also impair our business operations. You should carefully consider the risks described below, together with all other information in this report, including information contained in the “Business,” “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations”Operations,” and “Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures about Market Risk” sections. If any of the following risks actually occur, our business, financial position, results of operations, and/or cash flows could be adversely affected, and we may not be able to achieve our goals. Such events may cause actual results to differ materially from expected and historical results, and the trading price of our common stock could decline.
Economic and Strategic Risk Factors
Economic downturns have historically led to reductions in demand for our services. Negative conditions in the credit markets may adversely impact our ability to operate our business.The level of demand from our clients for our services has been, in the past, adversely impacted by slowdowns in the industries we service, as well as in the economy in general. When the general level of economic activity has been reduced from historical levels, certain of our ultimate customers have delayed or cancelled projects or capital spending, especially with respect to more profitable private sector work, and such slowdowns adversely affect our ability to grow, reducing our revenues and profitability. A number of economic factors, including financing conditions, for the industries we serve,prices of commodities, and energy prices, have, in the past, adversely affected the industries we serve and our ultimate customers and theircustomers’ ability or willingness to fund expenditures. General concerns about the fundamental soundness of domestic and foreign economies may also cause ultimate customers to defer projects even if they have credit available to them. Worsening ofA prolonged stagnation or weakening in financial and macroeconomic conditions, including as a result of the COVID-19 pandemic, could therefore have a significant adverse effect on our revenues and profitability.
Many of our clients depend on the availability of credit to help finance their capital and maintenance projects. At times, tightened availability of credit has negatively impacted the ability of existing and prospective ultimate customers to fund projects we might otherwise perform, particularly those in the more profitable private sector. As a result, our ultimate customers may defer such projects for an unknown, and perhaps lengthy, period. Any such deferrals would inhibit our growth and would adversely affect our results of operations.
In a weak economic environment, particularly in a period of restrictive credit markets, we may experience greater difficulties in collecting payments from, and negotiating change orders and/or claims with, our clients due to, among other reasons, a diminution in our ultimate customers’ access to the credit markets.markets or potential bankruptcies. If clients delay in paying or fail to pay a significant amount of our outstanding receivables, or we fail to successfully negotiate a significant portion of our change orders and/or claims with clients, it could have an adverse effect on our liquidity, results of operations, and financial position.
Our business has traditionally lagged recoveries in the general economy and, therefore, after an economic downtown we may not recover as quickly as the economy at large.
The loss of one or a few customers could have an adverse effect on us. Although we have long-standing relationships with manyCertain of our significant clients,businesses, including those within our clients may unilaterally reduce, failUnited States industrial services segment, are exposed to renewrisks associated with the oil and gas industry. These risks, which are not subject to our control, include volatility in the price and production of crude oil, the development of and consumer demand for alternative energy sources, and legislative and regulatory actions. Specifically, lower prices and production volumes, or terminate their contracts with us at any time. A lossperceived risk thereof, typically results in the curtailment or deferral of business fromspending by our customers. In addition, macroeconomic conditions, influenced by a variety of events and circumstances, can also affect customer demand for our services within these businesses. For example, during 2020, the escalation of geopolitical tensions between the Organization of Petroleum Exporting Countries (OPEC) and Russia contributed to a significant client, or a numberdrop in the price of significant clients,crude oil, impacting customers in the energy sector and the demand for certain of our services. Continued unfavorable conditions within these markets could have a material adverse effect onfurther negatively impact our business, financial position, and results of operations.operations, and cash flows.
Our business is vulnerable to the cyclical nature of the markets in which our clients operate and is dependent upon the timing and funding of new awards. We provide construction and maintenance services to ultimate customers operating in a number of markets which have been, and we expect will continue to be, cyclical and subject to significant fluctuations due to a variety of factors beyond our control, including economic conditions and changes in client spending.
Regardless of economic or market conditions, investment decisions by our ultimate customers may vary by location or as a result of other factors like the availability of labor, relative construction costs, or competitive conditions in their industries. Because we are dependent on the timing and funding of new awards, we are therefore vulnerable to changes in our clients’ markets and investment decisions.
Our business may be adversely affected by significant reductions in government spending or delays or disruptions in the government appropriations process. Some of our businesses derive a significant portion of their revenues from federal, state, and local governmental agencies. As a result, reduced or delayed spending by the federal government and/or state and local governments may have a material and adverse impact on our business, financial condition, results of operations, and cash flows. Significant reductions in spending aimed at reducing federal, state, or local budget deficits, the absence of a bipartisan agreement on the federal government's budget, renewed focus on budget deficits following recent increases in government spending in response to the impactCOVID-19 pandemic, personnel reductions, the closure of sequestrationgovernment facilities and offices, or other changes in budget priorities could result in the deferral, delay, disruption, or cancellation of projects or contracts that we might otherwise have sought to perform, personnel reductions, or the closure of government facilities and offices.perform. These potential events could impact the level of demand for our services and our ability to
execute, complete, and receive compensation for our current contracts, or bid for and enter into new contracts with governmental agencies.
An increase in the prices of certain materials used in our businesses and protectionist trade measures could adversely affect our businesses. We are exposed to market risk of increases in certain commodity prices of materials, such as copper and steel, which are used as components of supplies or materials utilized in our operations. We are also exposed to increases in energy prices, particularly as they relate to gasoline prices for our fleet of approximately 11,00011,500 vehicles. While we believe we can increase our prices to adjust for some price increases in commodities, there can be no assurance that price increases of commodities, if they were to occur, would be recoverable. Additionally, our fixed price contracts do not allow us to adjust our prices and, as a result, increases in material or fuel costs could reduce our profitability with respect to such projects. Fluctuations in energy prices as well as in commodity prices of materials, whether resulting from fluctuations in market supply or demand, or geopolitical conditions, including an increase in trade protection measures such as tariffs and the disruption, modification, or cancellation of multilateral trade agreements, may adversely affect our customers and as a result cause them to curtail the use of our services. Volatility in the price
Business and Operational Risk Factors
The loss of oil has historically caused someone or a few customers could have an adverse effect on us. Although we have long-standing relationships with many of our refinery customerssignificant clients, our clients may unilaterally reduce, fail to curtailrenew, or delay maintenanceterminate their contracts with us at any time. A loss of business from a significant client, or capital projects. Prolonged volatility in the pricea number of oil may adversely affect somesignificant clients, could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial position, and results of our refinery customers causing them to defer maintenance and/or capital projects performed by companies in our United States industrial services segment or delay purchases or repairs of heat exchangers that are manufactured and repaired by some of our companies.operations.
Our industry is highly competitive. Our industry is served by numerous small, owner-operated private companies, a few public companies, and several large regional companies. In addition, relatively few barriers exist to prevent entry into most of our businesses.the industries in which we operate. As a result, any organization that has adequate financial resources, and access to technical expertise, may become a competitor. Competition in our industry depends on numerous factors, including price. Certain of our competitors have lower overhead cost structures and, therefore, are able to provide their services at lower rates than we are currently able to provide. In addition, some of our competitors have greater resources than we do. We cannot be certain that our competitors will not develop the expertise, experience, and resources necessary to provide services that are superior in quality, and lower in price, to ours. Similarly, we cannot be certain that we will be able to maintain or enhance our competitive position within our industries, or maintain a customer base at current levels. We may also face competition from the in-house service organizations of existing or prospective customers, particularly with respect to building services. Many of our customers employ personnel who perform some of the same types of building services that we do. We cannot be certain that our existing or prospective customers will continue to outsource building services in the future.
We are subject to many laws and regulations in the jurisdictions in which we operate; changes to such laws and regulations may result in additional costs and impact our operations. We are committed to upholding the highest standards of corporate governance and legal and ethical compliance. We are subject to many laws and regulations, including various laws and regulations that apply specifically to U.S. public companies. These include the rules and regulations of the New York Stock Exchange, the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 and the Dodd-Frank Wall Street Reform and Consumer Protection Act, as well as the various regulations, standards and guidance put forth by the SEC and other governmental agencies to implement those laws. New laws, rules and regulations, or changes to existing laws or their interpretations, could create added legal and financial costs and uncertainty for us. In addition, our United Kingdom operations are subject to laws and regulations that are in some cases different from those of the United Sates, including labor laws such as the U.K. Modern Slavery Act and laws and regulations governing information collected from employees, customers and others, specifically the European Union’s General Data Protection Regulation, which went into effect in May 2018. These laws and regulations, and the economic, financial, political and regulatory impact of the United Kingdom’s decision to leave the European Union, could increase the cost and complexity of doing business in the U.K. and negatively impact our financial position and results of operations. Our efforts to comply with evolving laws, regulations and reporting standards may increase our general and administrative expenses, divert management time and attention or limit our operational flexibility, all of which could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial position, and results of operations. Many of our non-public competitors and competitors operating solely in the U.S. are not subject to these laws and regulations and the related costs and expenses of compliance.
The Tax Cuts and Jobs Act of 2017 could have negative or unexpected consequences for our customers; reduced government spending may adversely affect our own business. The long-term impact of the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act of 2017 on the general economy cannot be reliably predicted at this time. To the extent that certain of our customers are negatively affected by the new tax law, they may reduce spending and defer, delay or cancel projects or contracts. Reduced government revenues resulting from the new tax law may also lead to reduced long-term government spending, which may negatively impact our government contracting business.
We are a decentralized company, which presents certain risks. While we believe decentralization has enhanced our growth and enabled us to remain responsive to opportunities and to our customers’ needs, it necessarily places significant control and decision-making powers in the hands of local management. This presents various risks, including the risk that we may be slower or less able to identify or react to problems affecting a key business than we would in a more centralized environment.
Our business may be affected by weather conditions. Adverse weather conditions, particularly during the winter season, could impact our construction services operations as those conditions affect our ability to perform efficient work outdoors in certain regions of the United States, adversely affecting the revenues and profitability of those operations. However, the absence of snow in certain regions of the United States during the winter could also cause us to experience reduced revenues and profitability in our United States building services segment, which has meaningful snow removal operations. In addition, cooler than normal temperatures during the summer months could reduce the need for our services, particularly in our businesses that install or service air conditioning units, and result in reduced revenues and profitability during the period that such unseasonal weather conditions persist. Hurricanes and other severe weather may cause our projects to be delayed or canceled by our customers. The increased incidence ofAs severe weather and its related impacts, such as hurricanes, flooding, and wildfires, become increasingly common, our, or our customers’ operations, may be disrupted, which could adversely impactresult in increased operational costs or project delays and cancellations. While we have invested in programs to mitigate the risk that natural disasters disrupt our ability to serve our customers, extended periods of disruptions could have an adverse effect on our results of operations.
Our business may be affected by the work environment. We perform our work under a variety of conditions, including but not limited to, difficult terrain, difficult site conditions, and busy urban centers where delivery of materials and availability of labor may be impacted, clean-room environments where strict procedures must be followed, and sites which contain harsh or hazardous conditions, especially at chemical plants, refineries and other process facilities. Performing work under these conditions can increase the cost of such work or negatively affect efficiency and, therefore, our profitability.
Our dependence upon fixed price contracts could adversely affect our business. We currently generate, and expect to continue to generate, a significant portion of our revenues from fixed price contracts. We must estimate the total costs of a particular project to bid for fixed price contracts. The actual cost of labor and materials, however, may vary from the costs we originally estimated. These variations, along with other risks, inherent in performingthe execution of projects subject to fixed price contracts, may cause actual gross profits from projects to differ from those we originally estimated and could result in reduced profitability or losses on projects. Depending upon the size of a particular project, variations from the estimated contract costs can have a significant impact on our operating results for any fiscal quarter or year.
We could incur additional costs to cover certain guarantees or other contractual requirements. In some instances, we guarantee completion of a project by a specific date or price, cost savings, achievement of certain performance standards, or performance of our services at a certain standard of quality. For other arrangements, including those within our government services operations, the terms of our contracts may include provisions which require us to achieve certain minority participation or small or disadvantaged business “set-aside” goals. Such requirements have become more frequent in recent years and we expect them to be increasingly prevalent, and more strictly enforced in the near future, especially given the recent change of administration in Washington, D.C. If we subsequently fail to meet such guarantees, or comply with such provisions, we may be held responsible for costs resulting from such failures, including payment of penalties or liquidated or other damages. To the extent that any of these events occur, the total costs of a project could exceed the original estimated costs, and we would experience reduced profits or, in some cases, a loss.
Many of our contracts, especially our building services contracts for governmental and non-governmental entities, may be canceled or delayed on short notice, and we may be unsuccessful in replacing such contracts if they are canceled or as they are completed or expire. We could experience a decrease in revenues, net income, and liquidity if any of the following occur:
•customers cancel a significant number of contracts;contracts or delay services or projects;
•we fail to win a significant number of our existing contracts upon re-bid;
•we complete a significant number of non-recurring projects and cannot replace them with similar projects; or
•we fail to reduce operating and overhead expenses consistent with any decrease in our revenues.
We may be unsuccessful in generating internal growth. Our ability to generate internal growth will be affected by, among other factors, our ability to:
•expand the range of services offered to customers to address their evolving needs;
•attract new customers; and
•retain and/or increase the number of projects performed for existing customers.
In addition, existing and potential customers may reduce the number or size of projects available to us because of general economic conditions or due to their inability to obtain capital or pay for services we provide. Many of the factors affecting our ability to generate internal growth are beyond our control, and we cannot be certain that our strategies will be successful or that we will be able to generate cash flow sufficient to fund our operations and to support internal growth. If we are not successful, we may not be able to achieve internal growth, expand operations, or grow our business.
The departure of key personnel could disrupt our business. We depend on the continued efforts of our senior management. The loss of key personnel, or the inability to hire and retain qualified executives, could negatively impact our ability to manage our business.
We may be unable to attract and retain skilled employees. Our ability to grow and maintain productivity and profitability will be limited by our ability to employ, train and retain skilled personnel necessary to meet our requirements. We are dependent upon our project managers and field supervisors who are responsible for managing our projects, and there can be no assurance that any individual will continue in his or her capacity for any particular period of time. The loss of such qualified employees could have an adverse effect on our business. We cannot be certain that we will be able to maintain an adequate skilled labor force necessary to operate efficiently and to support our business strategy or that labor expenses will not increase as a result of a shortage in the supply of these skilled personnel. The availability and cost of a skilled labor force could be impacted by factors we cannot control, including changes in the unemployment rate, prevailing wage rates, benefit costs and competition for labor from our competitors in the markets we serve. Labor shortages or increased labor costs could impair our ability to maintain our business or grow our revenues.
Our unionized workforce could adversely affect our operations; our participation in many multiemployer union pension plans could result in substantial liabilities being incurred. As of December 31, 2019, approximately 59% of our employees were covered by collective bargaining agreements. Although the majority of these agreements prohibit strikes and work stoppages, we cannot be certain that strikes or work stoppages will not occur in the future. However, only two of our collective bargaining agreements are national or regional in scope, and not all of our collective bargaining agreements expire at the same time. Strikes or work stoppages likely would adversely impact our relationships with our customers and could have a material adverse effect on our financial position, results of operations and cash flows. We contribute to approximately200multiemployer union pension plans based upon wages paid to our union employees that could result in our being responsible for a portion of the unfunded liabilities under such plans. Our potential liability for unfunded liabilities could be material. Under the Employee Retirement Income Security Act, we may become liable for our proportionate share of a multiemployer pension plan’s underfunding if we cease to contribute to that pension plan or significantly reduce the employees in respect of which we make contributions to that pension plan. See Note 15 - Retirement Plans of the notes to consolidated financial statements included in Item 8. Financial Statements and Supplementary Data for additional information regarding multiemployer plans.
Fluctuating foreign currency exchange rates impact our financial results. We have operations in the United Kingdom, which in 20192020 accounted for approximately 5% of our revenues. Our reported financial position and results of operations are exposed to the effects (both positive and negative) that fluctuating exchange rates have on the process of translating the financial statements of our United Kingdom operations, which are denominated in local currencies, into the U.S. dollar. ItThe factors that impact exchange rate fluctuation, including macroeconomic and geopolitical conditions, are outside the control of the Company. For example, it is unclear at this time what effect, if any, the United Kingdom’s exit from the European Union may have on such exchange rates.
Our failure to comply with environmental laws could result in significant
As part of our risk management strategy, we are effectively self-insured against certain potential liabilities. Our operationsAlthough we maintain insurance policies with respect to a broad range of risks, including automobile liability, general liability, workers’ compensation, and employee group health, these policies do not cover all possible claims and certain of the policies are subject to various laws, including environmental lawslarge deductibles and regulations, among which many deal withretentions. In addition, we maintain a wholly-owned captive insurance subsidiary to manage certain of our insurance liabilities. Accordingly, we are effectively self-insured for a substantial number of actual and potential claims. Further, if any of our insurance carriers defaulted on its obligations to provide insurance coverage by reason of its insolvency or for other reasons, our exposure to claims would increase and our profits would be adversely affected. Our estimates for unpaid claims and expenses are based on known facts, historical trends, and industry averages, utilizing the handling and disposalassistance of asbestos and other hazardous or universal waste products, PCBs and fuel storage. A violationan independent third-party actuary. The determination of such lawsestimated liabilities and regulations may expose ustheir appropriateness are reviewed and updated at least quarterly. However, these liabilities are difficult to variousassess and estimate due to many relevant factors, the effects of which are often unknown, including the severity of an injury or damage, the determination of liability in proportion to other parties, the timeliness of reported claims, including claims by third parties, as well as remediation costs and fines. We own and lease many facilities. Some of these facilities contain hazardous materials, such as lead and asbestos, and fuel storage tanks, which may be above or below ground. If these tanks were to leak, we could be responsible for the cost of remediation as well as potential fines. As a parteffectiveness of our business, we also install fuel storage tanksrisk management and are sometimes required to deal with hazardous materials, all of which may expose us to environmental liability.
In addition, new lawssafety programs, and regulations, stricter enforcement of existing lawsthe terms and regulations, the discovery of previously unknown contamination or leaks, the imposition of new clean-up requirements, or the exposureconditions of our employees or other contractors to hazardous materials, could require us to incur significant costs or become the basis for new or increased liabilities that could harminsurance policies. Our accruals are based upon known facts, historical trends and our financial position and resultsreasonable estimate of operations, although certain of these costs might be covered by insurance. In some instances, we have obtained indemnification or covenants from third parties (including predecessors or lessors) for such clean-up and other obligations and liabilities,future expenses, and we believe such indemnitiesaccruals are adequate. However, unknown or changing trends, risks, or circumstances, such as increases in claims, a weakening economy, increases in medical costs, changes in case law or legislation, or changes in the nature of the work we perform, could render our current estimates and covenants are adequateaccruals inadequate. In such case, adjustments may be required to increase our insurance liabilities in the period that the experience becomes known.
External market conditions, including catastrophic losses resulting from an increase in severe weather events and the prolonged pandemic, among other factors, have resulted in an insurance market that is characterized by higher premiums, diminished capacity, and more conservative underwriting. If these market conditions persist, insurance carriers may be unwilling, in the future, to provide our current levels of coverage without a significant increase in insurance premiums, self-insured retention limits, or collateral requirements to cover our obligations to them. Increased collateral requirements may be in the form of additional letters of credit and/or cash, and an increase in collateral requirements could significantly reduce our liquidity. If insurance premiums or self-insured retention limits increase, and/or if insurance claims are higher than our estimates, our profitability could be adversely affected.
Our inability to identify and acquire desirable businesses or to successfully integrate those companies acquired could adversely affect our business and results of operations. As part of our growth strategy, we acquire companies that expand, complement, and/or diversify our businesses. However, there is no guarantee that we will be successful in identifying targets that meet our requirements for acquisition. We may also face increased competition from other potential acquirers who may have greater financial resources available to them or who may be in a position to offer more favorable terms to the target company. This competition may limit our ability to pursue acquisition opportunities. Additionally, circumstances beyond our control, such obligationsas the COVID-19 pandemic, has and liabilities.may continue to hinder our ability to pursue and complete acquisitions. Further, realization of the anticipated benefits of an acquisition, and avoiding or mitigating the potential risks associated with an acquisition, will depend, among other things, upon our ability to: (a) effectively conduct due diligence to identify potential problems at companies we propose to acquire, (b) recognize incompatibilities or other obstacles to successful integration of the acquired business with our other operations, and (c) gain greater efficiencies and scale that will translate into reduced costs in a timely manner. However, such third-party indemnitiesthere can be no assurance that an acquisition we may make in the future will provide the benefits anticipated when entering into the transaction. Acquisitions we have completed, and future acquisitions we may make, could expose us to operational challenges and risks, including the diversion of management’s attention from our existing businesses, the failure to retain key personnel or covenantscustomers of the acquired business, and the assumption of unknown liabilities of the acquired business for which there are inadequate reserves. Our ability to sustain our growth and maintain our competitive position may not cover all of such costs or third-party indemnitors may default on their obligations. be affected by our ability to identify and acquire desirable businesses and successfully integrate any acquired business.
In addition, unanticipated obligationswhile we work to rapidly implement or liabilities, or future obligationsmaintain internal controls and liabilities, may have a material adverse effect onfinancial reporting standards and procedures in the businesses we acquire, including integrating such acquired businesses into our business operations. Further,consolidated financial reporting systems and controls, we cannot be certain that wesuch implementation and integration will be ablequickly and effectively completed. Our internal control processes and procedures with respect to identify,such businesses may need to be adjusted or enhanced in order to ensure that such businesses are in compliance with the regulations we are subject to as well as our internal policies and standards. Such changes could result in significant additional costs to us and could require the diversion of management’s attention from our existing businesses or other strategic initiatives.
Amounts included in our remaining performance obligations may not result in actual revenues or translate into profits. Many contracts are subject to cancellation or suspension on short notice at the discretion of the client, and the contracts in our remaining performance obligations are subject to changes in the scope of services to be indemnified for, all potential environmental liabilitiesprovided as well as adjustments to the costs relating to any acquired business.
Adverse resolutionthe contract. Accordingly, there is no assurance that revenue from remaining performance obligations will actually be realized. If our remaining performance obligations fail to materialize, we could experience a decline in profitability, which could result in a deterioration of litigation and other legal and regulatory proceedings may harm our operating results or financial position. From time to time, we are a party to lawsuits and other legal proceedings, most of which occur in the normal course of our business. These actions and proceedings may involve actual or threatened claims by customers, employees or other third parties for, among other things, compensation for alleged personal injury, workers’ compensation, employment discrimination, breach of contract, property damage or other general commercial disputes. In addition, we may be subject to class action claims alleging violations of the Fair Labor Standards Act and state wage and hour laws. Litigation and other legal proceedings can be expensive, lengthy and disruptive to normal business operations, and their outcome is inherently uncertain and difficult to accurately predict or quantify. In addition, plaintiffs in many types of actions may seek punitive damages, civil penalties, consequential damages or other losses, or injunctive or declaratory relief. An unfavorable resolution of a particular legal proceeding or claim, whether through a settlement, mediation, court judgment or otherwise, could have a material adverse effect on our business, operating results, financial position and cash flows, andliquidity.
We recognize revenue for the majority of our construction projects based on estimates; therefore, variations of actual results from our assumptions may reduce our profitability. As discussed in some cases, on our reputation or our ability to obtain projectsfurther detail in Note 3 - Revenue from customers, including governmental entities. See Item 3. Legal Proceedings and Note 16 - Commitments and ContingenciesContracts with Customers of the notes to consolidated financial statements included in Item 8. Financial Statements and Supplementary Data, for more information regarding legal proceedingsrevenue is recognized as performance obligations are satisfied and earnings or losses recognized on individual contracts are based on estimates of contract price, costs, and profitability. Changes in estimates of transaction prices as well as estimated costs are recognized on a cumulative catch-up basis in the period in which wethe revisions to the estimates are involved.made. Consequently, changes in estimates, or variations of actual results from previous projections, on an unusually large project, or on a number of average size projects, could be material and could have an adverse impact on our financial condition, results of operations, and cash flows.
Opportunities within the government sector could lead to increased governmental rulesWe are increasingly dependent on sophisticated information technology systems; our business and regulations applicable to us. As a government contractor weresults of operations are subject to a numberadverse impacts due to disruption, failure, and cybersecurity breaches of procurement rulesthese systems. We and our customers and third-party providers rely on information technology systems, hardware, and software to run critical accounting, project management, and financial information systems. We rely upon security measures, products, and services to attempt to secure our information technology systems and the confidential, proprietary, and sensitive information they contain. However, our information technology systems and those of our customers and third-party providers are subject to cyber-attacks, hacking, other intrusions, failure, and damage, which result in operational disruption and could result in information misappropriation, such as theft of intellectual property or inappropriate disclosure of customer data or confidential or personal information. On February 15, 2020, for example, we became aware of an infiltration and encryption of portions of our information technology network. This attack temporarily disrupted our use of the impacted systems. As part of our investigation into this incident, we engaged outside security experts, who did not identify any exfiltration of customer or employee data or any inappropriate access to our accounting or finance systems. We maintain insurance coverage for these types of incidents; such policies, however, may not completely provide coverage for, or completely offset, the costs of this infiltration or other such incidents. We are continuously developing and enhancing our controls, processes, and practices designed to protect our systems, computers, software, data, and networks from attack, damage, or unauthorized access. This continued development and enhancement requires us to expend additional resources. However, we may not anticipate or combat all types of potential disruptions or breaches. If any of these events were to occur, we could be required to expend additional capital and other regulations, any deemed violationresources, including costs to deploy additional personnel and protection technologies, train employees, and engage third-party experts and consultants. Additionally, as many of which could leadour employees continue to finesaccess our systems remotely, as a result of the COVID-19 pandemic and the associated business or penaltiesfacility closures or a loss of business. Government agencies routinely audit and investigate government contractors. Government agencies may review a contractor’s performance under its contracts, cost structure and compliance with applicable laws, regulations and standards. If government agencies determine through these auditsreduced or reviews that costs are improperly allocated to specific contracts, they will not reimburse the contractor for those costs or may require the contractor to refund previously reimbursed costs. If government agencies determine that we are engaged in improper activity,staggered in-person attendance, we may be subject to civilheightened security risks, including the risks of cyber-attacks. See the risk factor entitled “Public health emergencies, epidemics, or pandemics, including the novel coronavirus, impact our business” under General Risk Factors below.
The proper functioning of our information technology systems could also be impacted by other causes and criminal penalties and debarmentcircumstances beyond our control, including the decision by software vendors to discontinue further development, integration, or suspension from doinglong-term software maintenance support for our information systems, or hardware interruption, damage or disruption as a result of power outages, natural disasters, or computer network failures. Key business with the government. Government contractsprocesses are also subject to renegotiation of terms by the government, termination by the government priorinterruption to the expirationextent that our information technology systems, or those of the term,our customers or third-party providers, are disabled for a long period of time. Such operational disruptions and/or misappropriation or inappropriate disclosure of information could result in lost or reduced revenues, negative publicity, loss of customers or contracts, or business delays that could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial position, and non-renewal by the government.results of operations.
Financial Risk Factors
A material portion of our business depends on our ability to provide surety bonds. We may be unable to compete for or work on certain projects if we are not able to obtain the necessary surety bonds. Our construction contracts frequently require that we obtain from surety companies, and provide to our customers, payment and performance bonds as a condition to the award of such contracts. Such surety bonds secure our payment and performance obligations. Under standard terms in the surety market, surety companies issue bonds on a project-by-project basis and can decline to issue bonds at any time or require the posting of collateral as a condition to issuing any bonds. Current or future market conditions, as well as changes in our sureties’ assessment of our or their own operating and financial risk, could cause our surety companies to decline to issue, or substantially reduce the amount of, bonds for our work or to increase our bonding costs. These actions can be taken on short notice. If our surety companies were to limit or eliminate our access to bonding, our alternatives would include seeking bonding capacity from other surety companies, increasing business with clients that do not require bonds, andor posting other forms of collateral for project performance, such as letters of credit, parent company guarantees, or cash. We may be unable to secure these alternatives in a timely manner, on acceptable terms, or at all. Accordingly, if we were to experience an interruption or reduction in the availability of bonding, we may be unable to compete for or work on certain projects. Increases in the costs of surety bonds could also adversely impact our profitability.
We are effectively self-insured against many potential liabilities. Although we maintain insurance policies with respect to a broad rangeTable of risks, including automobile liability, general liability, workers’ compensation and employee group health, these policies do not cover all possible claims and certain of the policies are subject to large deductibles. Accordingly, we are effectively self-insured for a substantial number of actual and potential claims. In addition, if any of our insurance carriers defaulted on its obligations to provide insurance coverage by reason of its insolvency or for other reasons, our exposure to claims would increase and our profits would be adversely affected. Our estimates for unpaid claims and expenses are based on known facts, historical trends and industry averages, utilizing the assistance of an actuary. The determination of such estimated liabilities and their appropriateness are reviewed and updated at least quarterly. However, these liabilities are difficult to assess and estimate due to many relevant factors, the effects of which are often unknown, including the severity of an injury or damage, the determination of liability in proportion to other parties, the timeliness of reported claims, the effectiveness of our risk management and safety programs and the terms and conditions of our insurance policies. Our accruals are based upon known facts, historical trends and our reasonable estimate of future expenses, and we believe such accruals are adequate. However, unknown or changing trends, risks or circumstances, such as increases in claims, a weakening economy, increases in medical costs, changes in case law or legislation, or changes in the nature of the work we perform, could render our current estimates and accruals inadequate. In such case, adjustments to our balance sheet may be required and these increased liabilities would be recorded in the period that the experience becomes known. Insurance carriers may be unwilling, in the future, to provide our current levels of coverage without a significant increase in insurance premiums, self-insured retention limits, or collateral requirements to cover our obligations to them. Increased collateral requirements may be in the form of additional letters of credit and/or cash, and an increase in collateral requirements could significantly reduce our liquidity. If insurance premiums or self-insured retention limits increase, and/or if insurance claims are higher than our estimates, our profitability could be adversely affected.Contents
We may incur liabilities or suffer negative financial impacts relating to occupational, health and safety matters. Our operations are subject to extensive laws and regulations relating to the maintenance of safe conditions in the workplace. While we have invested, and will continue to invest, substantial resources in our robust occupational, health and safety programs, many of our businesses involve a high degree of operational risk, and there can be no assurance that we will avoid significant exposure. These hazards can cause personal injury and loss of life, severe damage to or destruction of property and equipment and other consequential damages and could lead to suspension of operations, large damage claims and, in extreme cases, criminal liability.
Our customers seek to minimize safety risks on their sites and they frequently review the safety records of contractors during the bidding process. If our safety record were to substantially deteriorate over time, we might become ineligible to bid on certain work and our customers could cancel our contracts and/or not award us future business.
Acquisitions could adversely affect our business and results of operations. As part of our growth strategy, we acquire companies that expand, complement and/or diversify our businesses. Realization of the anticipated benefits of an acquisition, and avoiding or mitigating the potential risks associated with an acquisition, will depend, among other things, upon our ability to: (a) effectively conduct due diligence on companies we propose to acquire to identify problems at these companies and (b) recognize incompatibilities or other obstacles to successful integration of the acquired business with our other operations and gain greater efficiencies and scale that will translate into reduced costs in a timely manner. However, there can be no assurance that an acquisition we may make in the future will provide the benefits anticipated when entering into the transaction. Acquisitions we have made and future acquisitions may expose us to operational challenges and risks, including the diversion of management’s attention from our existing businesses, the failure to retain key personnel or customers of the acquired business, and the assumption of unknown liabilities of the acquired business for which there are inadequate reserves. Our ability to sustain our growth and maintain our competitive position may be affected by our ability to identify and acquire desirable businesses and successfully integrate any acquired business.
In addition, while we work to rapidly implement or maintain our internal controls and financial reporting standards and procedures in the businesses we acquire, including integrating such acquired businesses into our consolidated financial reporting systems and controls, we cannot be certain that such implementation and integration will be quickly and effectively completed. Our internal control processes and procedures with respect to such businesses may need to be adjusted or enhanced in order to ensure that such businesses are in compliance with the regulations we are subject to as well as our internal policies and standards. Such changes could result in significant additional costs to us and could require the diversion of management’s attention from our existing businesses.
Our results of operations could be adversely affected as a result of goodwill and other identifiable intangible asset impairments. When we acquire a business, we record an asset called “goodwill” equal to the excess of the consideration transferred over the fair value of the net assets acquired. The Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) requires that all business combinations be accounted for using the acquisition method of accounting and that certain identifiable intangible assets acquired in a business combination be recognized as assets apart from goodwill. FASB Accounting Standards Codification Topic 350, “Intangibles-Goodwill and Other” (“ASC 350”), provides that goodwill and other identifiable intangible assets that have indefinite useful lives not be amortized, but instead be tested at least annually for impairment,tangible and identifiable intangible assets that have finite useful lives should continue to beacquired. Goodwill and indefinite-lived intangible assets are not amortized over their useful lives and be testedbut instead evaluated for impairment whenever facts andannually, or more frequently if events or circumstances indicate that the carrying valuesamount of the asset may not be fully recoverable. ASC 350 also provides specific guidance for testingimpaired. Impairment may result from a deterioration in macroeconomic conditions, declining financial performance, deterioration in the operational environment, or changes in the manner in which acquired assets are used. As a result of certain of these conditions, we recognized $232.8 million of impairment charges during the second quarter of 2020. Significant judgment is required in determining whether goodwill and other non-amortized identifiableindefinite-lived intangible assets for impairment, which we test annually each October 1. ASC 350 requires management to make certain estimatesare impaired and assumptions to allocate goodwill to reporting units and to determine the fair value of reporting unit net assets and liabilities. Such fair value is determined using discounted estimated future cash flows. Our development of these future cash flow projections is based upon assumptions and estimates by management from a reviewutilized for purposes of our operating results and business plans as well as forecasts of anticipated growth rates and margins, among other considerations. In addition, estimates of the weighted average cost of capital for each reporting unit are developed with the assistance of a third-party valuation specialist. Those assumptions and estimates canimpairment testing may change in future periods and other factors used in assessing fair value, such as interest rates, are outside the control of management.periods. There can be no assurance that our estimates and assumptions made for purposes of our goodwill and identifiable intangible asset impairment testing will prove to be accurate predictions of the future. IfSignificant adverse changes to external market conditions or our assumptions regarding business plans including anticipated growth rates and margins are not achieved, or there is a rise in interest rates, we may be required to record goodwill and/or identifiable intangible asset impairment chargesinternal forecasts, if any, could result in future periods.impairment charges. It is not possible at this time to determine if any suchfuture impairment charge wouldwill result or, if it does, whether such a charge would be material to our results of operations.
Amounts For further discussion of our impairment testing, see “Application of Critical Accounting Policies - Goodwill, Identifiable Intangible Assets, and Other Long-Lived Assets” included in our remaining performance obligations may not result in actual revenues or translate into profits. Many contracts are subject to cancellation or suspension on short notice at the discretionItem 7 - Management’s Discussion and Analysis of the client,Financial Condition and the contracts in our remaining performance obligations are subject to changes in the scopeResults of services to be provided as well as adjustments to the costs relating to the contract. Accordingly, there is no assurance that revenue from remaining performance obligations will actually be realized. If our remaining performance obligations fail to materialize, we could experience a decline in profitability, which could result in a deterioration of our financial position and liquidity.
We recognize revenue for the majority of our construction projects based on estimates; therefore, variations of actual results from our assumptions may reduce our profitability. In accordance with United States generally accepted accounting principles, we record revenue as work on the contract progresses. The cumulative amount of revenues recorded on a contract at a specified point in time is that percentage of total estimated revenues that costs incurred to date bear to estimated total costs. Accordingly, contract revenues and total cost estimates are reviewed and revised as the work progresses. Adjustments are reflected in contract revenues in the period when such estimates are revised. Estimates are based on management’s reasonable assumptions and experience, but are only estimates. Variations of actual results from assumptions on an unusually large project or on a number of average size projects could be material. We are also required to immediately recognize the full amount of the estimated loss on a contract when estimates indicate such a loss. Such adjustments and accrued losses could result in reduced profitability, which could negatively impact our cash flow from operations.Operations.
Failure to maintain effective internal controls over financial reporting could adversely impact our ability to timely and accurately report financial results and comply with our reporting obligations, which could materially affect our business. We maintain robust internal control over financial reporting. However, regardlessRegardless of how internal financial reporting control systems are designed, implemented, and enforced, they cannot ensure with absolute certainty that our policy objectives will be met in every instance. Because of the inherent limitations of all such systems, our internal controls over financial reporting may not always prevent or detect misstatements. Failure to maintain effective internal control over financial reporting could adversely affect our ability to accurately and timely report financial results, to prevent or detect fraud, or to comply with the requirements of the SEC or the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, which could necessitate a restatement of our financial statements, and/or result in an investigation, or the imposition of sanctions, by regulators. Such failure could additionally expose us to litigation and/or reputational harm, impair our ability to obtain financing, or increase the cost of any financing we obtain. All of these impacts could adversely affect the price of our common stock and our business overall.
Legal and Regulatory Risk Factors
We are increasingly dependent on sophisticated information technology systems;subject to many laws and regulations in the jurisdictions in which we operate; changes to such laws and regulations may result in additional costs and impact our businessoperations. We are committed to upholding the highest standards of corporate governance and resultslegal and ethical compliance. We are subject to many laws and regulations, including various laws and regulations that apply specifically to U.S. public companies. These include the rules and regulations of the New York Stock Exchange, the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, and the Dodd-Frank Wall Street Reform and Consumer Protection Act, as well as the various regulations, standards, and guidance put forth by the SEC and other governmental agencies to implement and enforce those laws. New laws, rules, and regulations, or changes to existing laws or their interpretations, could create added legal and compliance costs and uncertainty for us. In addition, our United Kingdom operations are subject to adverse impacts due to disruption, failure,laws and cybersecurity breachesregulations that are in some cases different from those of these systems. Wethe United States, including labor laws such as the U.K. Modern Slavery Act and ourlaws and regulations governing information collected from employees, customers and third party providers rely on information technology systems, hardware,others, specifically the European Union’s General Data Protection Regulation. These laws and software to run critical accounting, project management, and financial information systems. We rely upon security measures, products, and services to attempt to secure our information technology systemsregulations, and the confidential, proprietary,economic, financial, political, and sensitive information they contain. However, our information technology systems and those of our customers and third-party providers are subject to cyber-attacks, hacking, other intrusions, failure, and damage, which result in operational disruption and could result in information misappropriation, such as theft of intellectual property or inappropriate disclosure of customer data or confidential or personal information. On February 15, 2020, for example, we became aware of an infiltration and encryption of portions of our information technology network. This attack disrupted our operations that utilize the impacted portionsregulatory impact of the network. We continueUnited Kingdom’s decision to assessleave the magnitudeEuropean Union, could increase the cost and complexity of doing business in the consequencesU.K. and we are actively seeking to mitigate the effects. Asnegatively impact our financial position and results of the date of this filing, the Company continues itsoperations. Our efforts to restore the portionscomply with evolving laws, regulations, and reporting standards may increase our general and administrative expenses, divert management time and attention, or limit our operational flexibility, all of such systems that remain impacted and is unable to predict when the entire network will be functional. In addition, the proper functioning of our information technology systems could be impacted by other causes and circumstances beyond our control, including the decision by software vendors to discontinue further development, integration or long-term software maintenance support for our information systems, or hardware interruption, damage or disruption as a result of power outages, natural disasters, or computer network failures. Key business processes are subject to interruption to the extent that our information technology systems, or those of our customers or third party providers, are disabled for a long period of time. Such operational disruptions and/or misappropriation or inappropriate disclosure of information results in lost or reduced revenues, negative publicity, or business delays thatwhich could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial position, and results of operations. Many of our non-public competitors and competitors operating solely in the U.S. are not subject to these laws and regulations and the related costs and expenses of compliance.
Our failure to comply with environmental laws could result in significant liabilities. Our operations are subject to various laws, including environmental laws and regulations, among which many deal with the handling and disposal of asbestos and other hazardous or universal waste products, PCBs, per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) and fuel storage. A violation of such laws and regulations, or a release of such substances, has and may in the future, expose us to various claims, including claims by third parties, as well as remediation costs and fines. We own and lease many facilities. Some of these facilities contain hazardous materials, such as lead and asbestos, and fuel storage tanks, which may be above or below ground. If these tanks were to leak, we could be responsible for the cost of remediation as well as potential fines. As a part of our business, we also install fuel storage tanks and are sometimes required to deal with hazardous materials, all of which may expose us to environmental liability.
In addition, new laws and regulations, stricter enforcement of existing laws and regulations, the discovery of previously unknown contamination or leaks, the imposition of new clean-up requirements, or the exposure of our employees or other contractors to hazardous materials, could require us to incur significant costs or become the basis for new or increased liabilities that could harm our financial position and results of operations, although certain of these costs might be covered by insurance. In some instances, we have obtained indemnification or covenants from third parties (including predecessors or lessors) for such clean-up and other obligations and liabilities, and we believe such indemnities and covenants are adequate to cover such obligations and liabilities. However, such third-party indemnities or covenants may not cover all of such costs or third-party indemnitors may default on their obligations. In addition, unanticipated obligations or liabilities, or future obligations and liabilities, may have a material adverse effect on our business operations. Further, we cannot be certain that we will be able to identify, or be indemnified for, all potential environmental liabilities relating to any acquired business.
Adverse resolution of litigation and other legal and regulatory proceedings may harm our operating results or financial position. From time to time, we are a party to lawsuits and other legal proceedings, most of which occur in the normal course of our business. These actions and proceedings may involve actual or threatened claims by customers, employees or other third parties for, among other things, compensation for alleged personal injury, workers’ compensation, employment discrimination, breach of contract, property damage, or other general commercial disputes. In addition, we have been, and may in the future be, subject to class action claims alleging violations of the Fair Labor Standards Act and state wage and hour laws. Litigation and other legal proceedings can be expensive, lengthy, and disruptive to normal business operations, and their outcome is inherently uncertain and difficult to accurately predict or quantify. In addition, plaintiffs in many types of actions may seek punitive damages, civil penalties, consequential damages or other losses, or injunctive or declaratory relief. An unfavorable resolution of a particular legal proceeding or claim, whether through a settlement, mediation, court judgment, or otherwise, could have a material adverse effect on our business, operating results, financial position, and cash flows, and in some cases, on our reputation or our ability to obtain projects from customers, including governmental entities. See Item 3. Legal Proceedings and Note 16 - Commitments and Contingencies of the notes to consolidated financial statements included in Item 8. Financial Statements and Supplementary Data, for more information regarding legal proceedings in which we are involved.
We may expendincur liabilities or suffer negative financial impacts relating to occupational, health, and safety matters. Our operations are subject to extensive laws and regulations relating to the maintenance of safe conditions in the workplace. While we have invested, and will continue to invest, substantial resources in our robust occupational, health, and safety programs, many of our businesses involve a high degree of operational risk, and there can be no assurance that we will avoid significant resourcesexposure. These hazards can cause personal injury and loss of life, severe damage to protect against such system disruptionsor destruction of property and security breaches equipment, and other consequential damages, and could lead to suspension of operations, large damage claims, reputational harm, and, in extreme cases, criminal liability.
Our customers seek to minimize safety risks on their sites and they frequently review the safety records of contractors during the bidding process. If our safety record were to substantially deteriorate over time, we might become ineligible to bid on certain work and our customers could cancel our contracts and/or to alleviate or remediate problems caused by such disruptions and breaches.not award us future business.
Our failure to comply with anti-bribery statutes such as the Foreign Corrupt Practices Act and the U.K. Bribery Act of 2010 could result in fines, criminal penalties, and other sanctions that could have an adverse effect on our business. The U.S. Foreign Corrupt Practices Act (the “FCPA”), the U.K. Bribery Act of 2010 (the “Bribery Act”), and similar anti-bribery laws in other jurisdictions generally prohibit companies and their intermediaries from making improper payments to foreign officials for the purpose of obtaining or retaining business or securing an improper advantage. We conduct a modestlimited amount of business in a few countries that have experienced corruption to some degree. Our policies require that all of our employees, subcontractors, vendors, and agents worldwide must comply with applicable anti-bribery laws. However, there is no assurance that our policies and procedures to ensure compliance with the FCPA, the Bribery Act, and similar anti-bribery laws, will eliminate the possibility of liability under such laws for actions taken by our employees, agents, and intermediaries. If we were found to be liable for violations under the FCPA, the Bribery Act, or similar anti-bribery laws, either due to our own acts or omissions or due to the acts or omissions of others, we could incur substantial legal expenses and suffer civil and criminal penalties or other sanctions, which could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition, and results of operations, as well as our reputation. In addition, whether or not such expenses, penalties, or sanctions are actually incurred, the actual or alleged violation of the FCPA, the Bribery Act, or any similar anti-bribery laws could have a negative impact on our reputation.
Opportunities within the government sector could lead to increased governmental rules and regulations applicable to us. As a government contractor, we are subject to a number of procurement rules and other regulations, any deemed violation of which could lead to fines or penalties or a loss of business. Government agencies routinely audit and investigate government contractors. Government agencies may review a contractor’s performance under its contracts, cost structure, and compliance with applicable laws, regulations, and standards. If government agencies determine through these audits or reviews that costs
are improperly allocated to specific contracts, they will not reimburse the contractor for those costs or may require the contractor to refund previously reimbursed costs. If government agencies determine that we are engaged in improper activity, we may be subject to civil and criminal penalties and debarment or suspension from doing business with the government. Government contracts are also subject to renegotiation of terms by the government, termination by the government prior to the expiration of the term, and non-renewal by the government.
Human Capital and Labor Risk Factors
The departure of key personnel could disrupt our business. We depend on the continued efforts of our senior management. The loss of key personnel, including a temporary loss as a result of illness, or the inability to hire and retain qualified executives, could negatively impact our ability to manage our business.
We may be unable to attract and retain skilled employees. Our ability to grow and maintain productivity and profitability will be limited by our ability to employ, train, and retain skilled personnel necessary to meet our requirements. We are dependent upon our project managers and field supervisors who are responsible for managing our projects, and there can be no assurance that any individual will continue in his or her capacity for any particular period of time. The loss of such qualified employees could have an adverse effect on our business. We cannot be certain that we will be able to maintain an adequate skilled labor force necessary to operate efficiently and to support our business strategy or that labor expenses will not increase as a result of a shortage in the supply of these skilled personnel. The availability and costs to adequately train and maintain a skilled labor force could be impacted by factors we cannot control, including changes in the unemployment rate, prevailing wage rates, benefit costs, the COVID-19 pandemic, and competition for labor from our competitors in the markets we serve. Labor shortages or increased labor costs could impair our ability to maintain our business or grow our revenues.
The uncertainty of contract award timing or project delays can also present difficulties in managing our workforce size. Our inability to efficiently manage our workforce may require us to incur costs resulting from excess staff, reductions in staff, or redundancies that could have an adverse impact on our business, financial condition, results of operations, and cash flows.
Our unionized workforce could adversely affect our operations; our participation in many multiemployer pension plans could result in substantial liabilities being incurred. As of December 31, 2020, approximately 59% of our employees were covered by collective bargaining agreements. Although the majority of these agreements prohibit strikes and work stoppages, we cannot be certain that strikes or work stoppages will not occur in the future. However, only two of our collective bargaining agreements are national or regional in scope, and not all of our collective bargaining agreements expire at the same time. Strikes or work stoppages likely would adversely impact our relationships with our customers and could have a material adverse effect on our financial position, results of operations, and cash flows. We contribute to approximately 200 multiemployer pension plans based upon wages paid to our union employees that could result in our being responsible for a portion of the unfunded liabilities under such plans. Our potential liability for unfunded liabilities could be material. Under the Employee Retirement Income Security Act, we may become liable for our proportionate share of a multiemployer pension plan’s underfunding if we cease to contribute to that pension plan or significantly reduce the employees in respect of which we make contributions to that pension plan. See Note 15 - Retirement Plans of the notes to consolidated financial statements included in Item 8. Financial Statements and Supplementary Data for additional information regarding multiemployer pension plans.
Risk Factors Related to the Ownership of our Common Stock
Certain provisions of our corporate governance documents could make an acquisition of us, or a substantial interest in us, more difficult. The following provisions of our certificate of incorporation and by-laws, as currently in effect, as well as Delaware law, could discourage potential proposals to acquire us, delay or prevent a change in control of us, or limit the price that investors may be willing to pay in the future for shares of our common stock:
•our certificate of incorporation permits our board of directors to issue “blank check” preferred stock and to adopt amendments to our by-laws;
•our by-laws contain restrictions regarding the right of our stockholders to nominate directors and to submit proposals to be considered at stockholder meetings;
•our certificate of incorporation and by-laws limit the right of our stockholders to call a special meeting of stockholders and to act by written consent; and
•we are subject to provisions of Delaware law, which prohibit us from engaging in any of a broad range of business transactions with an “interested stockholder” for a period of three years following the date such stockholder becomes classified as an interested stockholder.
General Risk Factors
Public health emergencies, epidemics, or pandemics, including the novel coronavirus, impact our business. The impact of the global spread of COVID-19, and the responses of governments, businesses, and individuals to combat it, have caused significant volatility, uncertainty, and economic disruption, which has and will continue to adversely impact our operations and those of our customers and clients. In March 2020, the World Health Organization characterized COVID-19 as a global pandemic, and the President declared a national emergency concerning the COVID-19 outbreak. Government authorities in the United States and United Kingdom have recommended or imposed certain social distancing, quarantine, and isolation measures to varying degrees, with many such measures impacting large portions of the population. These measures have included limitations on travel and mandatory cessation of certain business activities, some of which have been relaxed or adjusted and others of which remain in effect. Both the outbreak and the containment and mitigation measures have a serious adverse impact on the economy, the severity and duration of which are uncertain. The extent to which government stabilization efforts will mitigate the consequences to the economy is difficult to predict and the scope, scale, and effectiveness of any additional stimulus measures remains unknown.
Although we have established a pandemic response plan and procedures, our workforce and ongoing operations have been, are, and may continue to be impacted by the COVID-19 pandemic. For example, we have experienced disruptions that have impacted our ability to perform our work. Such impacts include, but are not limited to, access restrictions and temporary job site shutdowns, reduced labor efficiency resulting from adherence to physical distancing and other enhanced safety protocols mandated at the majority of our worksite locations, and the deferral of maintenance and service projects by our customers. The extent to which the COVID-19 pandemic will continue to impact our business and results of operations remains highly uncertain and will be affected by a number of factors. These include the duration and extent of the pandemic; the duration and extent of imposed or recommended containment and mitigation measures; the extent, duration, and effective execution of ongoing government stabilization and recovery efforts; the timing, availability, efficacy, adoption, and distribution of vaccines or other preventative treatments; the continued impact of the pandemic on economic activity, including on construction projects, our customers’ demand for our services, and our vendors’ ability to supply us with raw materials; our ability to effectively operate, including as a result of travel restrictions and mandatory business and facility closures; the ability of our customers to pay us for services rendered; any further closures of our and our customers’ offices and facilities; and any additional project delays or shutdowns. Customers may also slow down decision-making, delay planned work, or seek to terminate existing agreements. Any of these events could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition, results of operations, and/or stock price.
Additionally, as many of our employees continue to access our systems remotely, as a result of the COVID-19 pandemic and the associated business or facility closures or reduced or staggered in-person attendance, we may be subject to heightened security risks, including the risks of cyber-attacks. Further, if any of our key personnel are unable to perform their duties for a period of time, including as a result of illness, our results of operations could be adversely affected.
Furthermore, our business, financial condition, results of operations, and/or stock price could be adversely affected in the future by the effects of another epidemic or pandemic, or otherwise by the spread of contagious diseases other than COVID-19. Such effects could be similar to those of the COVID-19 pandemic or could impact our business in different ways, including supply-chain disruptions, restrictions on our ability to provide services in the regions affected, adverse impacts on our workforce, and impacts to the U.S. or global economy or financial markets generally.
Natural disasters, terrorist attacks and other catastrophic events could disrupt our operations and services. Natural disasters, acts of terrorism and other catastrophic events, and the actions taken by the United States and/or other governments or actors in response to such events, may result in property damage, supply disruption, or economic dislocations throughout the country. Although it is not possible to predict such events or their consequences, these events could increase the volatility of our financial results due to decreased demand and unforeseen costs, with partial or no corresponding compensation from clients.
ITEM 1B. UNRESOLVED STAFF COMMENTS
None.
ITEM 2. PROPERTIES
OurWe own a limited number of facilities; however, the majority of our operations are conducted primarily at leased properties. The following table lists facilities over 50,000 square feet, both leasedproperties, which are located throughout the United States and owned,United Kingdom. These properties consist of offices, warehouses, fabrication shops, and identifies the business segment that is the principal usermaintenance and cleaning facilities. We do not consider any one of each such facility.
|
| | | | |
| Approximate Square Feet | | Lease Expiration Date, Unless Owned |
17905 and 18101 S. Broadway
Carson, California (b)
| 68,160 |
| | 7/31/2020 |
1168 Fesler Street
El Cajon, California (b)
| 67,560 |
| | 8/31/2025 |
22302 Hathaway Avenue
Hayward, California (b)
| 105,000 |
| | 7/31/2021 |
4462 Corporate Center Drive
Los Alamitos, California (a)
| 57,863 |
| | 12/31/2026 |
3535 Medford Street
Los Angeles, California (a)
| 60,000 |
| | 5/31/2021 |
940 Remillard Court
San Jose, California (c)
| 119,560 |
| | 7/31/2029 |
55 Gerber Road
South Windsor, Connecticut (c) | 60,047 |
| | 12/31/2028 |
2227 Plunkett Road
Conyers, Georgia (b)
| 100,400 |
| | 10/31/2029 |
3100 Woodcreek Drive
Downers Grove, Illinois (a)
| 56,551 |
| | 7/31/2027 |
2219 Contractors Drive
Fort Wayne, Indiana (b)
| 175,000 |
| | 7/31/2023 |
5210 Investment Drive
Fort Wayne, Indiana (b)
| 99,579 |
| | 10/31/2023 |
7614 and 7720 Opportunity Drive
Fort Wayne, Indiana (b)
| 156,993 |
| | 7/31/2031 |
2655 Garfield Avenue
Highland, Indiana (a)
| 58,065 |
| | 6/30/2034 |
4250 Highway 30
St. Gabriel, Louisiana (d)
| 90,000 |
| | Owned |
1750 Swisco Road
Sulphur, Louisiana (d)
| 112,000 |
| | Owned |
111-01 and 111-21 14th Avenue
College Point, New York (a)
| 73,013 |
| | 2/29/2024 |
70 Schmitt Boulevard
Farmingdale, New York (b)
| 76,380 |
| | 7/31/2026 |
3000 Comfort Court
Raleigh, North Carolina (c) | 70,000 |
| | 12/31/2023 |
6101 and 6025 Triangle Drive
Raleigh, North Carolina (b) | 53,394 |
| | 12/31/2024 |
2900 Newpark Drive
Barberton, Ohio (b)
| 113,663 |
| | 10/31/2027 |
3976 Southern Avenue
Cincinnati, Ohio (b)
| 60,575 |
| | 10/31/2025 |
16251 SE 98th Avenue
Clackamas, Oregon (a) | 98,860 |
| | 12/31/2020 |
1700 Markley Street
Norristown, Pennsylvania (c)
| 90,767 |
| | 9/30/2021 |
|
| | | | |
| Approximate Square Feet | | Lease Expiration Date, Unless Owned |
6045 East Shelby Drive
Memphis, Tennessee (c)
| 53,618 |
| | 5/31/2023 |
937 Pine Street
Beaumont, Texas (d)
| 78,962 |
| | Owned |
895 North Main Street
Beaumont, Texas (d)
| 75,000 |
| | Owned |
410 Flato Road
Corpus Christi, Texas (d)
| 57,000 |
| | Owned |
5550 Airline Drive and 25 Tidwell Road
Houston, Texas (b) | 97,936 |
| | 12/31/2024 |
12415 Highway 225
La Porte, Texas (d)
| 78,000 |
| | Owned |
2455 West 1500 South
Salt Lake City, Utah (a)
| 59,677 |
| | 4/30/2025 |
2345 South CCI Way
West Valley City, Utah (c) | 69,229 |
| | 8/31/2032 |
these locations to be material to our operations. We believe that our property, plant and equipmentfacilities are well maintained, in good operating condition, and suitable for the purposes for which they are used.
See Note 17 - Leases of the notes to consolidated financial statements included in Item 8. Financial Statements and Supplementary Data for additional information regarding lease costs.our leases. We utilize substantially all of our leased or owned facilities and believe there will be no difficulty either in negotiating the renewal of such leases as they expire or in finding alternative space, if necessary.
| |
(a) | Principally used by a company engaged in the “United States electrical construction and facilities services” segment. |
| |
(b) | Principally used by a company engaged in the “United States mechanical construction and facilities services” segment. |
| |
(c) | Principally used by a company engaged in the “United States building services” segment. |
| |
(d) | Principally used by a company engaged in the “United States industrial services” segment. |
ITEM 3. LEGAL PROCEEDINGS
We are involved in several legal proceedings in which damages and claims have been asserted against us. We believe that we have a number of valid defenses to such proceedings and claims and intend to vigorously defend ourselves. Other potential claims may exist that have not yet been asserted against us. We do not believe that any such matters will have a material adverse effect on our financial position, results of operations, or liquidity. We record a loss contingency if the potential loss from a proceeding or claim is considered probable and the amount can be reasonably estimated or a range of loss can be determined. We provide disclosure when it is reasonably possible that a loss will be incurred in excess of any recorded provision. Significant judgment is required in these determinations. As additional information becomes available, we reassess prior determinations and may change our estimates. Additional claims may be asserted against us in the future. Litigation is subject to many uncertainties, and the outcome of litigation is not predictable with assurance. It is possible that somea litigation mattersmatter for which liabilities have not been recorded could be decided unfavorably to us, and that any such unfavorable decisionsdecision could have a material adverse effect on our financial position, results of operations or liquidity.
ITEM 4. MINE SAFETY DISCLOSURES
Information concerning mine safety violations or other regulatory matters required by Section 1503(a) of the Dodd-Frank Wall Street Reform and Consumer Protection Act and Item 104 of Regulation S-K (17 CFR 229.104) is included in Exhibit 95 to this Form 10-K.
EXECUTIVE OFFICERS OF THE REGISTRANT
Anthony J. Guzzi, Age 55;56; President since October 2004, Chief Executive Officer since January 2011 and Chairman of the Board since June 2018. From October 2004 to January 2011, Mr. Guzzi served as Chief Operating Officer of the Company. From August 2001 until he joined the Company, Mr. Guzzi was President of the North American Distribution and Aftermarket Division of Carrier Corporation (“Carrier”). Carrier is a manufacturer and distributor of commercial and residential HVAC and refrigeration systems and equipment and a provider of aftermarket services and components of its own products and those of other manufacturers in both the HVAC and refrigeration industries.
Mark A. Pompa, Age 55;56; Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer of the Company since April 2006 and Treasurer sinceof the Company from October 2019.2019 to June 2020. From June 2003 to April 2006, Mr. Pompa was Senior Vice President-Chief Accounting Officer of the Company, and from June 2003 to January 2007, Mr. Pompa also served as Treasurer of the Company. From September 1994 to June 2003, Mr. Pompa was Vice President and Controller of the Company.
R. Kevin Matz, Age 61;62; Executive Vice President-Shared Services of the Company since December 2007 and Senior Vice President-Shared Services from June 2003 to December 2007. From April 1996 to June 2003, Mr. Matz served as Vice President and Treasurer of the Company and Staff Vice President-Financial Services of the Company from March 1993 to April 1996.
Maxine L. Mauricio, Age 48; Senior Vice President,49; General Counsel and Secretary of the Company since January 2016.2016 and Executive Vice President since February 2021. Ms. Mauricio was a Senior Vice President of the Company from January 2016 to February 2021. From January 2012 to December 2015, Ms. Mauricio was Vice President and Deputy General Counsel of the Company, and from May 2002 to December 2011, she served as Assistant General Counsel of the Company. Prior to joining the Company, Ms. Mauricio was an associate at Ropes & Gray LLP.
PART II
ITEM 5. MARKET FOR REGISTRANT’S COMMON EQUITY, RELATED STOCKHOLDER MATTERS AND ISSUER PURCHASES OF EQUITY SECURITIES
Market Information. Our common stock trades on the New York Stock Exchange under the symbol “EME”.“EME.”
The following table sets forth high and low sales prices for our common stock for the periods indicated as reported by the New York Stock Exchange:
|
| | | | | | | |
| 2019 | High | | Low |
| First Quarter | $ | 74.60 |
| | $ | 58.05 |
|
| Second Quarter | $ | 88.27 |
| | $ | 73.46 |
|
| Third Quarter | $ | 89.55 |
| | $ | 79.59 |
|
| Fourth Quarter | $ | 93.54 |
| | $ | 81.65 |
|
|
| | | | | | | |
| 2018 | High | | Low |
| First Quarter | $ | 85.08 |
| | $ | 73.26 |
|
| Second Quarter | $ | 82.04 |
| | $ | 72.26 |
|
| Third Quarter | $ | 81.37 |
| | $ | 73.73 |
|
| Fourth Quarter | $ | 76.18 |
| | $ | 57.29 |
|
Holders. As of February 21, 2020,19, 2021, there were approximately 400450 stockholders of record and, as of that date, we estimate there were 58,382 beneficial owners holding our common stock in nominee or “street” name.record.
Dividends. We have paid quarterly dividends since October 25, 2011. We expect that such quarterly dividends will be paid infor the foreseeable future. Prior to October 25, 2011, no cash dividends had been paid on the Company’s common stock. We currently paypaid a regular quarterly dividend of $0.08 per share.share throughout 2020. In December 2020, our Board of Directors announced its intention to increase the regular quarterly dividend to $0.13 per share commencing with the dividend to be paid in the first quarter of 2021. Our 20162020 Credit Agreement places limitations on the payment of dividends on our common stock. However, we do not believe that the terms of such agreement currently materially limit our ability to pay a quarterly dividend of $0.08$0.13 per share for the foreseeable future. See Note 10 - Debt of the notes to consolidated financial statements included in Item 8. Financial Statements and Supplementary Data for further information regarding our 20162020 Credit Agreement.
Securities Authorized for Issuance Under Equity Compensation Plans. The following table summarizes, as of December 31, 2019, certain information regarding equity compensation plans that were approved by stockholders and equity compensation plans that were not approved by stockholders. The information in the table and in the notes thereto has been adjusted for stock splits.
|
| | | | | | | | | | | |
| | | Equity Compensation Plan Information | |
| | | A | | B | | C | |
| Plan Category | | Number of Securities to be Issued upon Exercise of Outstanding Options, Warrants and Rights | | Weighted Average Exercise Price of Outstanding Options, Warrants and Rights | | Number of Securities Remaining Available for Future Issuance under Equity Compensation Plans (Excluding Securities Reflected in Column A) | |
| Equity Compensation Plans Approved by Security Holders | | 509,888 |
| (1) | $ | 0.96 |
| (1) | 1,160,086 |
| (2) |
| Equity Compensation Plans Not Approved by Security Holders | | — |
| | — |
| | — |
| |
| Total | | 509,888 |
| | $ | 0.96 |
| | 1,160,086 |
| |
_________
| |
(1) | Included within this amount are 489,888restricted stock units awarded to our non-employee directors and employees. The weighted average exercise price would have been $24.48 had the weighted average exercise price calculation excluded such restricted stock units.
|
| |
(2) | Represents shares of our common stock available for future issuance under our 2010 Incentive Plan (the "2010 Plan"), which may be issuable in respect of options and/or stock appreciation rights granted under the 2010 Plan and/or may also be issued pursuant to the award of restricted stock, unrestricted stock and/or awards that are valued in whole or in part by reference to, or are otherwise based on the fair market value of, our common stock. |
Purchase of Equity Securities by the Issuer and Affiliated Purchasers
The following table summarizes repurchases of our common stock made by us during the quarter ended December 31, 2019:2020:
|
| | | | | | | |
Period | Total Number of
Shares Purchased (1)(2)
| Average Price
Paid Per Share
| Total Number of
Shares Purchased as Part
of Publicly Announced
Plans or Programs
| Maximum Number
(or Approximate Dollar Value)
of Shares That May Yet be
Purchased Under
the Plan or Programs
|
| | | | |
October 1, 2019 to
October 31, 2019
| — |
| — |
| — |
| $158,506,898 |
November 1, 2019 to
November 30, 2019
| — |
| — |
| — |
| $158,506,898 |
December 1, 2019 to
December 31, 2019
| — |
| — |
| — |
| $158,506,898 |
Total | — |
| — |
| — |
| |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| Period | Total Number of Shares Purchased (1) (2) | Average Price
Paid Per Share | Total Number of
Shares Purchased as Part
of Publicly Announced
Plans or Programs | Maximum Number
(or Approximate Dollar Value)
of Shares That May Yet be
Purchased Under
the Plan or Programs |
| | | | |
October 1, 2020 to October 31, 2020 | 56,752 | | $64.30 | 56,752 | | $255,809,583 |
November 1, 2020 to November 30, 2020 | 135,312 | | $72.83 | 135,312 | | $245,954,397 |
December 1, 2020 to December 31, 2020 | — | | — | | — | | $245,954,397 |
| Total | 192,064 | | $70.31 | 192,064 | | |
_________
| |
(1) | On September 26, 2011, our Board of Directors (the “Board”) authorized us to repurchase up to $100.0 million of our outstanding common stock. Subsequently, the Board has from time to time increased the amount of our common stock that we may repurchase. Since the inception of the repurchase program, the Board has authorized us to repurchase up to $950.0 million of our outstanding common stock. As of December 31, 2019, there remained authorization for us to repurchase approximately $158.5(1) In September 2011, our Board of Directors (the “Board”) authorized a share repurchase program allowing us to begin repurchasing shares of our outstanding common stock. Subsequently, the Board has from time to time increased the amount of our common stock that we may repurchase under such program. Since the inception of the repurchase program, the Board has authorized us to repurchase up to $1.15 billion of our outstanding common stock. As of December 31, 2020, there remained authorization for us to repurchase approximately $246.0 million of our shares. No shares have been repurchased by us since the program was announced other than pursuant to such program. The repurchase program has no expiration date, does not obligate the Company to acquire any particular amount of common stock, and may be suspended, recommenced, or discontinued at any time or from time to time without prior notice. We may repurchase our shares from time to time to the extent permitted by securities laws and other legal requirements, including provisions in our credit agreement placing limitations on such repurchases. |
| |
(2) | Excludes 28,839 shares surrendered to the Company by participants in our share-based compensation plans to satisfy minimum tax withholdings for common stock issued under such plans. |
ITEM 6. SELECTED FINANCIAL DATA
The following selected financial data has been derived from our audited financial statements and should be read in conjunction with the consolidated financial statements, the related notes thereto and the report of our independent registered public accounting firm thereon included elsewhere in this and our previously filed annual reports on Form 10-K.
See Note 4 - Acquisitions of Businesses and Note 5 - Disposition of Assets of the notes to consolidated financial statements included in Item 8. Financial Statements and Supplementary Data for a discussion regarding acquisitions and dispositions. During the third quarter of 2014, we ceased construction operations in the United Kingdom. The results of the construction operations of our United Kingdom segment for all periods are presented as discontinued operations.
Income Statement Data
(In thousands, except per share data)
|
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | Years Ended December 31, |
| | 2019 | | 2018 | | 2017 | | 2016 | | 2015 |
| Revenues | $ | 9,174,611 |
| | $ | 8,130,631 |
| | $ | 7,686,999 |
| | $ | 7,551,524 |
| | $ | 6,718,726 |
|
| Gross profit | $ | 1,355,868 |
| | $ | 1,205,453 |
| | $ | 1,147,012 |
| | $ | 1,037,862 |
| | $ | 944,479 |
|
| Impairment loss on goodwill and identifiable intangible assets | $ | — |
| | $ | 907 |
| | $ | 57,819 |
| | $ | 2,428 |
| | $ | — |
|
| Operating income | $ | 460,892 |
| | $ | 403,083 |
| | $ | 328,902 |
| | $ | 306,929 |
| | $ | 285,336 |
|
| Net income attributable to EMCOR Group, Inc. | $ | 325,140 |
| | $ | 283,531 |
| | $ | 227,196 |
| | $ | 181,935 |
| | $ | 172,286 |
|
| | | | |
| | |
| | |
| | |
|
| Basic earnings (loss) per common share: | | | |
| | |
| | |
| | |
|
| From continuing operations | $ | 5.78 |
| | $ | 4.92 |
| | $ | 3.85 |
| | $ | 3.05 |
| | $ | 2.74 |
|
| From discontinued operations | — |
| | (0.04 | ) | | (0.01 | ) | | (0.05 | ) | | (0.00 | ) |
| | $ | 5.78 |
| | $ | 4.88 |
| | $ | 3.84 |
| | $ | 3.00 |
| | $ | 2.74 |
|
| | | | |
| | |
| | |
| | |
|
| Diluted earnings (loss) per common share: | | | |
| | |
| | |
| | |
|
| From continuing operations | $ | 5.75 |
| | $ | 4.89 |
| | $ | 3.83 |
| | $ | 3.02 |
| | $ | 2.72 |
|
| From discontinued operations | — |
| | (0.04 | ) | | (0.01 | ) | | (0.05 | ) | | (0.00 | ) |
| | $ | 5.75 |
| | $ | 4.85 |
| | $ | 3.82 |
| | $ | 2.97 |
| | $ | 2.72 |
|
| | | | | | | | | | |
Balance Sheet Data (In thousands) |
| | As of December 31, |
| | 2019 | | 2018 | | 2017 | | 2016 | | 2015 |
Equity (1) | $ | 2,057,780 |
| | $ | 1,741,441 |
| | $ | 1,674,117 |
| | $ | 1,537,942 |
| | $ | 1,480,056 |
|
| Total assets | $ | 4,830,358 |
| | $ | 4,088,807 |
| | $ | 3,965,904 |
| | $ | 3,852,438 |
| | $ | 3,506,706 |
|
| Goodwill | $ | 1,063,911 |
| | $ | 990,887 |
| | $ | 964,893 |
| | $ | 979,628 |
| | $ | 843,170 |
|
| Borrowings under revolving credit facility | $ | 50,000 |
| | $ | 25,000 |
| | $ | 25,000 |
| | $ | 125,000 |
| | $ | — |
|
| Term loan, including current maturities | $ | 254,431 |
| | $ | 269,620 |
| | $ | 284,810 |
| | $ | 300,000 |
| | $ | 315,000 |
|
| Other long-term debt, including current maturities | $ | — |
| | $ | 9 |
| | $ | 20 |
| | $ | 31 |
| | $ | 44 |
|
| Finance lease liabilities, including current maturities | $ | 9,679 |
| | $ | 4,213 |
| | $ | 4,571 |
| | $ | 3,732 |
| | $ | 3,869 |
|
Not applicable.
| |
(1) | Since the inception of our common stock repurchase program in 2011 through December 31, 2019, we have repurchased approximately 15.9 million shares of our common stock for approximately $791.5 million. We have paid quarterly dividends since October 25, 2011. We currently pay a regular quarterly dividend of $0.08 per share, and we expect that quarterly dividends will be paid in the foreseeable future. These transactions result in a reduction of our equity. |
ITEM 7. MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS
Business Description
We are one of the largest electrical and mechanical construction and facilities services firms in the United States. In addition, we provide a number of building services and industrial services. Our services are provided to a broad range of commercial, industrial, utility and institutional customers through approximately 8085 operating subsidiaries and joint venture entities.subsidiaries. Our offices are located in the United States and the United Kingdom.
Operating Segments
Our reportable segments reflect certain reclassifications of prior year amounts from our United States mechanical construction and facilities services segment to our United States building services and our United States industrial services segments due to changes in our internal reporting structure.
We have the following reportable segments, which provide services associated with the design, integration, installation, start-up, operation and maintenance of various systems: (a) United States electrical construction and facilities services (involving systems for electrical power transmission and distribution; premises electrical and lighting systems; process instrumentation in the refining, chemical processing, food processing, and mining industries; low-voltage systems, such as fire alarm, security, and process control; voice and data communication;communication, including fiber-optic and low-voltage cabling, distributed antenna systems, and audiovisual systems; roadway and transit lighting;lighting and signaling; and fiber optic lines); (b) United States mechanical construction and facilities services (involving systems for heating, ventilation, air conditioning, refrigeration, and clean-room process ventilation; fire protection; plumbing, process, and high-purity piping; controls and filtration; water and wastewater treatment; central plant heating and cooling; cranes and rigging; millwrighting; and steel fabrication, erection and welding); (c) United States building services; (d) United States industrial services; and (e) United Kingdom building services. The “United States building services” and “United Kingdom building services” segments principally consist of those operations which provide a portfolio of services needed to support the operation and maintenance of customers’ facilities, including commercial and government site-based operations and maintenance; facility management, maintenance, and services, including reception, security and catering services; outage services to utilities and industrial plants; military base operations support services; mobile mechanical maintenance and services, including maintenance and service of mechanical, electrical, plumbing, and building automation systems; indoor air quality improvement services; floor care and janitorial services; landscaping, lot sweeping, and snow removal; facilities management;other building services, including reception, security, and catering services; vendor management; call center services; installation and support for building systems; program development, management and maintenance for energy systems; technical consulting and diagnostic services; infrastructure and building projects for federal, state and local governmental agencies and bodies; and small modification and retrofit projects, which services are not generally related to customers’ construction programs. The “United States industrial services” segment principally consists of those operations which provide industrial maintenance and services for refineries, petrochemical plants, and other customers within the oil and gas industry. Services of this segment include refinery turnaround planning and engineering; specialty welding; overhaul and maintenance of critical process units; specialty technical services; on-site repairs, maintenance and service of heat exchangers, towers, vessels, and piping; and design, manufacturing, repair, and hydro blast cleaning of shell and tube heat exchangers and related equipment;equipment.
COVID-19 and construction,Market Update
In December 2019, a novel strain of coronavirus (“COVID-19”) emerged and has spread around the world. On March 11, 2020, the World Health Organization declared COVID-19 to be a global pandemic. In response, government authorities in the U.S. and U.K. imposed various social distancing, quarantine, and isolation measures on large portions of the population.
As a result of the pandemic, as well as the related containment and mitigation measures, we have experienced disruptions that have impacted our ability to execute on our remaining performance obligations in many of the markets in which we operate. Such impacts include, but are not limited to, access restrictions and temporary job site shutdowns, reduced labor efficiency resulting from the adherence to physical distancing and other enhanced safety protocols mandated at the majority of our worksite locations, and the curtailment or deferral of maintenance and service projects by our customers. Although we have not experienced significant project cancellations, and we continue to actively quote new work for our customers, as evidenced by the 14% increase in our remaining performance obligations since December 31, 2019, we are experiencing delays in certain projects and a reduction in the number of call-out service and repair opportunities. Additionally, the demand for oil has significantly deteriorated as a result of the pandemic and the corresponding preventative measures taken around the world to mitigate the spread of the virus, including travel restrictions imposed by various local, state, and other supportgovernmental authorities. Other macroeconomic events, including geopolitical tensions between the Organization of Petroleum Exporting Countries (“OPEC”) and Russia, resulted in significant volatility in the price of crude oil during the first half of 2020. Although oil prices have subsequently experienced a partial recovery, the overall uncertainty driven by these events has significantly impacted the markets in which our United States industrial services segment operates. As a result, many customers have responded by reducing capital spending, implementing various cost cutting measures, and closing certain of their facilities. Such customer actions have resulted in a significant decrease in the demand for our service offerings within such segment.
During the second half of the year, we experienced stabilization within our United States construction segments and our United States and United Kingdom building services segments as certain shelter-in-place orders were lifted, various other containment and mitigation measures were eased, and/or our teams and customers withinfurther adapted to this new work environment; however, this positive trend may not continue. The extent to which the upstreamCOVID-19 pandemic will impact our business and midstream sectors.results of operations in future periods remains highly uncertain and will be affected by a number of factors. These include the duration and extent of the pandemic;limitations on the ability of our employees to perform their work due to illness caused by the pandemic or local, state, or federal orders requiring employees to quarantine; the extent, duration, and effective execution of ongoing government stabilization and recovery efforts; the timing, availability, efficacy, adoption, and distribution of vaccines or other preventative treatments; the continued impact of the pandemic on broader economic activity, including on construction projects and the oil and gas and related industrial markets; our customers’ demand for our services; our ability to effectively operate in this environment; the ability of our customers to pay us for services rendered; and any prolonged delays or shutdowns of active projects or closures of our and our customers’ offices and facilities. To date, we have been able to source the supplies and materials needed to operate our business with minimal disruptions. However, the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on our vendors continues to evolve and may make it difficult to obtain such materials in future periods. While we believe our remaining performance obligations are firm, customers may also slow down decision-making, delay planned work or seek to terminate existing agreements. Any of these events could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition, and/or results of operations.
20192020 versus 20182019
Overview
The following table presents selected financial data for the fiscal years ended December 31, 20192020 and 20182019 (in thousands, except percentages and per share data):
|
| | | | | | | |
| | 2019 | | 2018 |
| Revenues | $ | 9,174,611 |
| | $ | 8,130,631 |
|
| Revenues increase from prior year | 12.8 | % | | 5.8 | % |
| Restructuring expenses | $ | 1,523 |
| | $ | 2,306 |
|
| Impairment loss on identifiable intangible assets | $ | — |
| | $ | 907 |
|
| Operating income | $ | 460,892 |
| | $ | 403,083 |
|
| Operating income as a percentage of revenues | 5.0 | % | | 5.0 | % |
| Income from continuing operations | $ | 325,140 |
| | $ | 285,922 |
|
| Net income attributable to EMCOR Group, Inc. | $ | 325,140 |
| | $ | 283,531 |
|
| Diluted earnings per common share from continuing operations | $ | 5.75 |
| | $ | 4.89 |
|
The results of our operations for 2019 set new company records in terms of revenues, operating income, net income attributable to EMCOR Group, Inc., and diluted earnings per common share from continuing operations. Operating margin (operating income as a percentage of revenues) for 2019 remained consistent with our previously established annual record of 5.0%. | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | 2020 | | 2019 |
| Revenues | $ | 8,797,061 | | | $ | 9,174,611 | |
| Revenues (decrease) increase from prior year | (4.1) | % | | 12.8 | % |
| Gross profit | $ | 1,395,382 | | | $ | 1,355,868 | |
| Gross profit as a percentage of revenues | 15.9 | % | | 14.8 | % |
| Restructuring expenses | $ | 2,214 | | | $ | 1,523 | |
| Impairment loss on goodwill, identifiable intangible assets, and other long-lived assets | $ | 232,750 | | | $ | — | |
| Operating income | $ | 256,834 | | | $ | 460,892 | |
| Operating income as a percentage of revenues | 2.9 | % | | 5.0 | % |
| Net income attributable to EMCOR Group, Inc. | $ | 132,943 | | | $ | 325,140 | |
| Diluted earnings per common share from continuing operations | $ | 2.40 | | | $ | 5.75 | |
Revenues increased by 12.8% from $8.1of $8.80 billion for the year ended December 31, 2018 to $9.22020 decreased by 4.1% from revenues of $9.17 billion for the year ended December 31, 2019. Operating income for 2019 of $460.9 million, or 5.0% ofAs discussed in further detail below, such decrease in revenues increased by $57.8 million compared to operating income of $403.1 million, or 5.0% of revenues, in 2018.
The strong operating results were duewas attributable to revenue declines within our United States industrial services segment and our United States electrical construction and facilities services segment, largely as a result of a decrease in demand for our service offerings within the oil and gas and related industrial markets given the aforementioned negative macroeconomic conditions impacting these markets. These revenue declines were partially offset by revenue growth and an increase in operating income within all of our reportable segments, as well as operating margin expansion across all such segments, except for our United States mechanical construction and facilities services segment due to a changeand our United States building services segment, inclusive of the impact of businesses acquired, as discussed below, as well as an increase in revenue mixrevenues of our United Kingdom building services segment.
Operating income for 2020 was $256.8 million, or 2.9% of revenues, compared to operating income of $460.9 million, or 5.0% of revenues, in 2019. Our operating results for the prior year.year ended December 31, 2020 included $232.8 million of non-cash impairment charges recorded during the second quarter, primarily within our United States industrial services segment, which negatively impacted the Company’s operating margin for 2020 by approximately 270 basis points. Excluding the impact of such impairments, operating income and operating margin for the twelve months ended December 31, 2020 increased by $28.7 million and 60 basis points, respectively, primarily as a result of favorable execution within our United States construction segments, as described in further detail below.
Net income of $132.9 million, or $2.40 per diluted share, for the year ended December 31, 2020, compares unfavorably to net income of $325.1 million, or $5.75 per diluted share, for the year ended December 31, 2019. The decline in both net income and diluted earnings per common share are a result of the aforementioned impairment charges and the related tax effects as the majority of such charges are non-deductible for tax purposes.
Impact of Acquisitions
In order to provide a more meaningful period-over-period discussion of our operating results, we may discuss amounts generated or incurred (revenues, gross profit, selling, general and administrative expenses and operating income) from companies acquired. The amounts discussed reflect the acquired companies’ operating results in the current reported period only for the time period these entities were not owned by EMCOR in the comparable prior reported period.
DuringWe acquired three companies in 2020, including: (a) a company that provides building automation and controls solutions within the Northeastern region of the United States, (b) a full service provider of mechanical services within the Washington, D.C. metro area, and (c) a company, the results of operations of which were de minimis, that provides mobile mechanical services in the Southern region of the United States. The results of operations for all three companies have been included within our United States building services segment.
On November 1, 2019, we completed the acquisition of Batchelor & Kimball, Inc. (“BKI”), a leading full service provider of mechanical construction and maintenance services. This acquisition strengthens our position and broadens our capabilities in the Southern and Southeastern regions of the United States, and the results of its operations have been included within our United States mechanical construction and facilities services segment. In addition to BKI, during 2019, we acquired: (a) a company whichthat provides electrical contracting services in central Iowa, the results of operations of which have been included within our United States electrical construction and facilities services segment, (b) a company whichthat provides mechanical contracting services in south-central and eastern Texas, the results of operations of which have been included within our United States mechanical construction and facilities services segment, and (c) four companies included within our United States building services segment, consisting of: (i) a company that provides mobile mechanical services in the Southern region of the United States and (ii) three companies, the results of operations of which were de minimis, which bolster our presence in geographies where we have existing operations and provide either mobile mechanical services or building automation and controls solutions.
Companies acquired in 2020 and 2019 generated incremental revenues of $269.6 million and incremental operating income of $15.4 million, inclusive of $16.0 million of amortization expense associated with identifiable intangible assets, for the year ended December 31, 2020.
Discussion and Analysis of Results of Operations
Revenues
The following table presents our revenues for each of our operating segments and the approximate percentages that each segment’s revenues were of total revenues for the years ended December 31, 2020 and 2019 (in thousands, except for percentages):
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | 2020 | | % of Total | | 2019 | | % of Total |
| Revenues from unrelated entities: | | | | | | | |
| United States electrical construction and facilities services | $ | 1,973,427 | | | 22 | % | | $ | 2,216,600 | | | 24 | % |
| United States mechanical construction and facilities services | 3,485,495 | | | 40 | % | | 3,340,337 | | | 36 | % |
| United States building services | 2,110,129 | | | 24 | % | | 2,106,872 | | | 23 | % |
| United States industrial services | 797,447 | | | 9 | % | | 1,087,543 | | | 12 | % |
| Total United States operations | 8,366,498 | | | 95 | % | | 8,751,352 | | | 95 | % |
| United Kingdom building services | 430,563 | | | 5 | % | | 423,259 | | | 5 | % |
| Total operations | $ | 8,797,061 | | | 100 | % | | $ | 9,174,611 | | | 100 | % |
| | | | | | | | |
As described in more detail below, revenues for the year ended December 31, 2020 decreased to $8.80 billion compared to $9.17 billion for the year ended December 31, 2019. Revenue declines within our United States industrial services segment and our United States electrical construction and facilities services segment, largely as a result of a decrease in demand for our service offerings within the oil and gas and related industrial markets, were partially offset by revenue growth within our United States mechanical construction and facilities services segment, our United States building services segment, and our United Kingdom building services segment. Companies acquired in 2020 and 2019, which are reported in our United States electrical construction and facilities services segment, our United States mechanical construction and facilities services segment and our United States building services segment, generated incremental revenues of $269.6 million in 2020.
Revenues of our United States electrical construction and facilities services segment were $1,973.4 million for the year ended December 31, 2020 compared to revenues of $2,216.6 million for the year ended December 31, 2019. The decrease in revenues was attributable to: (a) a reduction in industrial project activities within the manufacturing market sector due to adverse market conditions within the oil and gas industry, as previously referenced, (b) a decline in revenues from construction projects within the commercial market sector, as a result of the completion or substantial completion of certain projects, and (c) the effects of the COVID-19 pandemic on our operations, which resulted in: (i) a decrease in the number of short duration projects and (ii) project delays or access restrictions resulting from the various containment and mitigation measures mandated by certain of our customers and/or governmental authorities. The results for the year ended December 31, 2020 included $25.4 million of incremental revenues generated by a company acquired in 2019.
Our United States mechanical construction and facilities services segment revenues for the year ended December 31, 2020 were $3,485.5 million, a $145.2 million increase compared to revenues of $3,340.3 million for the year ended December 31, 2019. The results for the year ended December 31, 2020 included $188.8 million of incremental revenues generated by companies acquired in 2019. Excluding the impact of acquisitions, revenues of this segment decreased by $43.7 million, primarily as a result of a decline in revenues from: (a) the manufacturing market sector, inclusive of certain large food processing construction projects, and (b) several telecommunications and technology projects. Similar to our United States electrical construction and facilities services segment, revenues of this segment were negatively impacted by the effects of the COVID-19 pandemic, which resulted in project delays and temporary job site shutdowns, as well as a decrease in the number of short duration projects. These revenue reductions were partially offset by increased revenues from the majority of the remaining market sectors in which we operate, most notably the institutional, transportation, and commercial market sectors.
Revenues of our United States building services segment were $2,110.1 million and $2,106.9 million for the years ended December 31, 2020 and 2019, respectively. Excluding acquisition revenues of $55.4 million, this segment’s revenues decreased by approximately $52.1 million during the year ended December 31, 2020. Such reduction in revenues was primarily attributable to: (a) decreased project and controls activities within our mobile mechanical services operations, largely as a result of the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic, which resulted in fewer project opportunities given the temporary closure of certain customer facilities, (b) decreased large project activity within our energy services operations, primarily as a result of the completion of certain projects which were active in the prior year, and (c) the loss of certain contracts not renewed pursuant to rebid within our government services business. These revenue declines were partially offset by increased customer demand for certain services aimed at improving the indoor air quality within their facilities as well as an increase in revenues within our commercial site-based services operations, as a result of new contract awards and scope expansion on certain contracts with existing customers.
Revenues of our United States industrial services segment for the year ended December 31, 2020 were $797.4 million, a $290.1 million decrease compared to revenues of $1,087.5 million for the year ended December 31, 2019. Revenues of this segment for the year ended December 31, 2020 were negatively impacted by adverse market conditions including unprecedented volatility in the price of crude oil, largely as a result of a decline in demand caused by the COVID-19 pandemic. Such macroeconomic conditions led to a decrease in demand for our services, which resulted in: (a) a decrease in maintenance and capital project activity within our field services operations and (b) a reduction in new build heat exchanger sales and a decrease in maintenance, repair, and hydro blast cleaning services within our shop services operations. In addition, revenues for the year ended December 31, 2020 were negatively impacted by project stoppages resulting from hurricanes, including certain named storms, within the Gulf Coast region.
Our United Kingdom building services segment revenues were $430.6 million in 2020 compared to $423.3 million in 2019. The increase in revenues within this segment was primarily attributable to: (a) an increase in revenues from new maintenance contract awards within the commercial market sector, and (b) increased project activity with existing customers, primarily within the water and wastewater market sector, despite reduced opportunities for project work brought upon by the temporary closure of certain customer facilities and the temporary suspension of capital spending as a result of the COVID-19 pandemic in the first half of 2020. This segment’s revenues were positively impacted by $2.3 million related to the effect of favorable exchange rates for the British pound versus the United States dollar.
Cost of sales and Gross profit
The following table presents cost of sales, gross profit (revenues less cost of sales), and gross profit margin (gross profit as a percentage of revenues) for the years ended December 31, 2020 and 2019 (in thousands, except for percentages):
| | | | | | | | | | | |
| | 2020 | | 2019 |
| Cost of sales | $ | 7,401,679 | | | $ | 7,818,743 | |
| Gross profit | $ | 1,395,382 | | | $ | 1,355,868 | |
| Gross profit margin | 15.9 | % | | 14.8 | % |
Our gross profit for the year ended December 31, 2020 was $1,395.4 million, a $39.5 million increase compared to gross profit of $1,355.9 million for the year ended December 31, 2019. Our gross profit margin was 15.9% and 14.8% for 2020 and 2019, respectively. The increase in gross profit for the year ended December 31, 2020 was a result of an increase in gross profit from our United States mechanical construction and facilities services segment and our United Kingdom building services segment. The increase in gross profit margin was predominantly attributable to improved operating performance within both of our United States construction segments, as described in further detail below.
Selling, general and administrative expenses
The following table presents selling, general and administrative expenses and SG&A margin (selling, general and administrative expenses as a percentage of revenues) for the years ended December 31, 2020 and 2019 (in thousands, except for percentages):
| | | | | | | | | | | |
| | 2020 | | 2019 |
| Selling, general and administrative expenses | $ | 903,584 | | | $ | 893,453 | |
| Selling, general and administrative expenses as a percentage of revenues | 10.3 | % | | 9.7 | % |
Our selling, general and administrative expenses for the year ended December 31, 2020 were $903.6 million compared to selling, general and administrative expenses of $893.5 million for the year ended December 31, 2019. For the year ended December 31, 2020, selling, general and administrative expenses included $29.6 million of incremental expenses directly related to companies acquired in 2020 and 2019, including amortization expense attributable to identifiable intangible assets of $9.5 million. Excluding incremental expenses from businesses acquired, our selling, general and administrative expenses decreased by $19.4 million, primarily as a result of certain cost reductions resulting from, or actions taken in response to, the COVID-19 pandemic, including: (a) a reduction in certain discretionary spending, such as travel and entertainment costs, (b) a decrease in salary expense due to: (i) a reduction in headcount, resulting from lower revenues than in the same prior year period, and (ii) certain short-term cost cutting measures, including temporary furloughs and salary reductions, and (c) a decrease in employee benefit costs, partially due to a decline in medical claims. These cost reductions were partially offset by an increase in incentive compensation expense, predominantly within our United States mechanical construction and facilities services segment, due to improved operating performance by several of our subsidiaries when compared to the prior year.
Selling, general and administrative expenses as a percentage of revenues were 10.3% and 9.7% for 2020 and 2019, respectively. The increase in SG&A margin for the year ended December 31, 2020 was primarily due to a reduction in revenues without a commensurate decrease in certain of our overhead costs, including: (a) certain fixed costs within our United States industrial services segment, despite the significant revenue decline within such segment, and (b) the above referenced increase in incentive compensation expense.
Restructuring expenses
Restructuring expenses, relating to employee severance obligations, were $2.2 million and $1.5 million for the years ended December 31, 2020 and 2019, respectively. As of December 31, 2020 and 2019, the balance of restructuring related obligations yet to be paid was $2.7 million and $1.6 million, respectively. The obligations outstanding as of December 31, 2020 will be paid pursuant to our contractual obligations through 2022. No material expenses in connection with restructuring are expected to be incurred during 2021.
Impairment loss on goodwill, identifiable intangible assets, and other long-lived assets
During the second quarter of 2020, we identified certain indicators of impairment resulting from the aforementioned uncertainties caused by the COVID-19 pandemic and the significant volatility in the price of crude oil. These uncertainties have resulted in lower forecasted revenue and operating margin expectations for those of our businesses that are highly dependent on the strength of the oil and gas and related industrial markets, resulting in the recognition of impairment charges totaling $232.8 million during the three months ended June 30, 2020. Of this amount, $230.3 million related to our United States industrial services segment and was comprised of: (a) $225.5 million related to goodwill, (b) $4.2 million associated with a subsidiary trade name, and (c) $0.6 million related to certain long-lived assets. The remaining $2.5 million represented a subsidiary trade name impairment within our United States electrical construction and facilities services segment. No additional impairment charges were recorded during the remainder of 2020 and no impairment of our goodwill, identifiable intangible assets, or other long-lived assets was recognized during the year ended December 31, 2019.
Operating income (loss)
The following table presents by segment our operating income (loss) and each segment’s operating income (loss) as a percentage of such segment’s revenues from unrelated entities for the years ended December 31, 2020 and 2019 (in thousands, except for percentages):
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | 2020 | | % of
Segment
Revenues | | 2019 | | % of
Segment
Revenues |
| Operating income (loss): | | | | | | | |
| United States electrical construction and facilities services | $ | 166,501 | | | 8.4 | % | | $ | 161,684 | | | 7.3 | % |
| United States mechanical construction and facilities services | 292,536 | | | 8.4 | % | | 225,040 | | | 6.7 | % |
| United States building services | 113,431 | | | 5.4 | % | | 114,754 | | | 5.4 | % |
| United States industrial services | (2,788) | | | (0.3) | % | | 44,340 | | | 4.1 | % |
| Total United States operations | 569,680 | | | 6.8 | % | | 545,818 | | | 6.2 | % |
| United Kingdom building services | 20,660 | | | 4.8 | % | | 18,323 | | | 4.3 | % |
| Corporate administration | (98,542) | | | — | | | (101,726) | | | — | |
| Restructuring expenses | (2,214) | | | — | | | (1,523) | | | — | |
Impairment loss on goodwill, identifiable intangible assets,
and other long-lived assets | (232,750) | | | — | | | — | | | — | |
| Total operations | 256,834 | | | 2.9 | % | | 460,892 | | | 5.0 | % |
| Other corporate items: | | | | | | | |
| Net periodic pension (cost) income | 2,980 | | | | | 1,553 | | | |
| Interest expense | (9,009) | | | | | (13,821) | | | |
| Interest income | 1,521 | | | | | 2,265 | | | |
| Income from continuing operations before income taxes | $ | 252,326 | | | | | $ | 450,889 | | | |
As described in more detail below, operating income was $256.8 million, or 2.9% of revenues, for the year ended December 31, 2020, compared to operating income of $460.9 million, or 5.0% of revenues, for the year ended December 31, 2019. Our operating results for 2020 included $232.8 million of non-cash impairment charges recorded during the second quarter, which negatively impacted the Company’s full year operating margin in 2020 by approximately 270 basis points. Excluding the impact of such impairments, operating income and operating margin for the twelve months ended December 31, 2020 increased by $28.7 million and 60 basis points, primarily as a result of favorable execution within our United States construction segments. Companies acquired in 2020 and 2019, which are reported in our United States electrical construction and facilities services segment, our United States mechanical construction and facilities services segment, and our United States building services segment, generated incremental operating income of $15.4 million, inclusive of $16.0 million of amortization expense associated with identifiable intangible assets, for the year ended December 31, 2020.
Operating income of our United States electrical construction and facilities services segment for the year ended December 31, 2020 was $166.5 million, or 8.4% of revenues, compared to operating income of $161.7 million, or 7.3% of revenues, for the year ended December 31, 2019. A company acquired in 2019 contributed incremental operating income of $1.6 million, inclusive of $0.1 million of amortization expense associated with identifiable intangible assets, during 2020. The year-over-year increase in operating income was largely attributable to a reduction in selling, general and administrative expenses, including a curtailment in certain discretionary spending, such as travel and entertainment costs, and a decrease in employee benefit costs, resulting from a decline in medical claims. Despite an increase in gross profit from project activities within the commercial market sector, driven by several telecommunication construction projects, this segment experienced a marginal reduction in annual gross profit given: (a) a decrease in gross profit within the manufacturing market sector due to a reduction in industrial project activities resulting from the adverse market conditions within the oil and gas industry, (b) a decline in gross profit from short duration project activities, given the effects of the COVID-19 pandemic, which led to fewer short duration project opportunities, and (c) the under absorption of certain indirect costs due to the overall reduction in segment revenues. The increase in operating margin for the year ended December 31, 2020 was a result of an increase in gross profit margin given favorable project execution and a more profitable mix of work within this segment. These gross profit margin improvements were partially offset by an increase in the ratio of selling, general and administrative expenses to revenues, as a result of the revenue declines experienced by this segment during 2020.
Our United States mechanical construction and facilities services segment’s operating income for the year ended December 31, 2020 was $292.5 million, a $67.5 million increase compared to operating income of $225.0 million for the year ended December 31, 2019. Companies acquired in 2019 contributed incremental operating income of $9.3 million, inclusive of $12.7 million of amortization expense associated with identifiable intangible assets for the year ended December 31, 2020. Excluding the impact of businesses acquired, annual operating income of this segment increased by approximately $58.2 million. Despite the disruption caused by the COVID-19 pandemic during 2020, our United States mechanical construction and facilities services segment experienced an increase in gross profit from construction projects within the majority of the market sectors in which we operate. Operating margins within this segment for the years ended December 31, 2020 and 2019 were 8.4% and 6.7%, respectively. The year-over-year increase in operating margin for this segment was attributable to an increase in gross profit margin, primarily within: (a) the manufacturing market sector, driven by certain large food processing construction projects, and (b) the commercial market sector, inclusive of a number of technology projects, which reached substantial completion during the year. The increases in gross profit and gross profit margin were partially offset by an increase in selling, general and administrative expenses, as well as the ratio of selling, general and administrative expenses to revenues, largely as a result of an increase in incentive compensation expense due to the improved year-over-year operating performance and an increase in amortization expense associated with identifiable intangible assets resulting from companies acquired in 2019.
Operating income of our United States building services segment was $113.4 million in 2020, compared to $114.8 million in 2019. Operating margin of this segment was 5.4% in both periods. Companies acquired in 2020, which are included within this segment’s mobile mechanical services division, contributed incremental operating income of $4.5 million, inclusive of $3.2 million of amortization expense associated with identifiable intangible assets. The decrease in segment operating income for the year ended December 31, 2020 was primarily due to a decrease in gross profit resulting from: (a) a reduction in large project activity within our energy services operations, and (b) when excluding the impact of acquired businesses, reduced project and controls activities within our mobile mechanical services operations, largely as a result of the temporary closure of certain customer facilities impacted by the COVID-19 pandemic. These gross profit reductions were partially offset by increased gross profit from service repair and maintenance activities within our mobile mechanical services operations, partially as a result of increased customer demand for certain services aimed at improving the indoor air quality within their facilities. Operating income of this segment additionally benefited from an overall decrease in selling, general and administrative expenses due to certain cost reduction measures enacted during the year.
Our United States industrial services segment reported an operating loss of $2.8 million for the year ended December 31, 2020 compared to operating income of $44.3 million for the year ended December 31, 2019. Operating margin of this segment was (0.3)% and 4.1% for 2020 and 2019, respectively. As previously referenced, this segment’s results for the year ended December 31, 2020 were severely impacted by adverse macroeconomic factors impacting the oil and gas industry. As a result of such conditions, this segment experienced a reduction in gross profit from both our field services and shop services operations due to: (a) a decrease in demand for our service offerings, (b) the deferral, curtailment, or cancellation of previously scheduled projects with certain customers, and (c) an unfavorable mix of work, which included a greater number of projects with lower than typical gross profit margins. The aforementioned decrease in gross profit was partially offset by a reduction in selling, general and administrative expenses during the year, including: (a) incentive compensation and salaries, (b) employee benefit costs, and (c) certain discretionary spending, such as travel and entertainment costs. The decrease in operating margin for the year ended December 31, 2020 was attributable to a decrease in gross profit margin resulting from the above noted factors, as well as an increase in the ratio of selling, general and administrative expenses to revenues due to a decrease in revenue without a commensurate decrease in certain of this segment’s fixed overhead costs.
Our United Kingdom building services segment operating income for the year ended December 31, 2020 was $20.7 million, or 4.8% of revenues, which compares favorably to operating income of $18.3 million, or 4.3% of revenues, for the year ended December 31, 2019. The increase in annual operating income of this segment was primarily a result of incremental gross profit from new maintenance contract awards. Exchange rate movements for the British pound versus the United States dollar did not have a significant impact on this segment’s operating income for the twelve months ended December 31, 2020. The year-over-year increase in this segment’s operating margin was attributable to an increase in gross profit margin, primarily as a result of a more favorable mix of work, and a decrease in the ratio of selling, general and administrative expenses to revenues.
Our corporate administration operating loss was $98.5 million for 2020 compared to $101.7 million in 2019. The decrease in corporate administration expenses for the year ended December 31, 2020 was primarily due to: (a) a decrease in long-term incentive compensation expense, (b) a decrease in salary expense as a result of: (i) certain short-term cost cutting measures, including temporary furloughs and salary reductions, and (ii) permanent headcount reductions resulting from the realignment of certain of our back office functions, (c) curtailment in certain discretionary spending, such as travel and entertainment costs, and (d) a reduction in professional fees.
Non-operating items
Interest expense was $9.0 million and $13.8 million for 2020 and 2019, respectively. Interest income was $1.5 million and $2.3 million for 2020 and 2019, respectively. The decrease in both interest expense and interest income for 2020 resulted from lower interest rates. The decrease in interest expense was partially offset by the impact of higher average outstanding borrowings.
Our income tax provision for the year ended December 31, 2020 was $119.4 million based on an income tax rate of 47.3%, compared to an income tax provision and an income tax rate of $125.7 million and 27.9%, respectively, for the year ended December 31, 2019. Our income tax rate and income tax provision for 2020 were impacted by the tax-effect of the $232.8 million of non-cash goodwill, identifiable intangible asset, and other long-lived asset impairment charges recorded during the second quarter, the majority of which is non-deductible for tax purposes.
Remaining Unsatisfied Performance Obligations
The following table presents the transaction price allocated to remaining unsatisfied performance obligations (“remaining performance obligations”) for each of our reportable segments and their respective percentage of total remaining performance obligations (in thousands, except for percentages):
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| December 31,
2020 | | % of Total | | December 31,
2019 | | % of Total |
| Remaining performance obligations: | | | | | | | |
| United States electrical construction and facilities services | $ | 1,087,238 | | | 24 | % | | $ | 1,036,216 | | | 26 | % |
| United States mechanical construction and facilities services | 2,673,293 | | | 58 | % | | 2,229,090 | | | 55 | % |
| United States building services | 612,179 | | | 13 | % | | 542,269 | | | 13 | % |
| United States industrial services | 91,237 | | | 2 | % | | 104,613 | | | 3 | % |
| Total United States operations | 4,463,947 | | | 97 | % | | 3,912,188 | | | 97 | % |
| United Kingdom building services | 130,673 | | | 3 | % | | 124,176 | | | 3 | % |
| Total operations | $ | 4,594,620 | | | 100 | % | | $ | 4,036,364 | | | 100 | % |
Remaining performance obligations increase with awards of new contracts and decrease as we perform work and recognize revenue on existing contracts. We include a project within our remaining performance obligations at such time as the project is awarded and agreement on contract terms has been reached. Our remaining performance obligations include amounts related to contracts for which a fixed price contract value is not assigned when a reasonable estimate of the total transaction price can be made.
Remaining performance obligations include unrecognized revenues to be realized from uncompleted construction contracts. Although many of our construction contracts are subject to cancellation at the election of our customers, in accordance with industry practice, we do not limit the amount of unrecognized revenue included within remaining performance obligations for these contracts as the risk of cancellation is very low due to the inherent substantial economic penalty that our customers would incur upon cancellation or termination. We believe our reported remaining performance obligations for our construction contracts are firm and contract cancellations have not had a material adverse effect on us.
Remaining performance obligations also include unrecognized revenues expected to be realized over the remaining term of service contracts. However, to the extent a service contract includes a cancellation clause which allows for the termination of such contract by either party without a substantive penalty, the remaining contract term, and therefore, the amount of unrecognized revenues included within remaining performance obligations, is limited to the notice period required for the termination.
Our remaining performance obligations are comprised of: (a) original contract amounts, (b) change orders for which we have received written confirmations from our customers, (c) pending change orders for which we expect to receive confirmations in the ordinary course of business, (d) claim amounts that we have made against customers for which we have determined we have a legal basis under existing contractual arrangements and as to which the variable consideration constraint does not apply, and (e) other forms of variable consideration to the extent that such variable consideration has been included within the transaction price of our contracts. Such claim and other variable consideration amounts were immaterial for all periods presented.
Our remaining performance obligations at December 31, 2020 were $4.59 billion compared to $4.04 billion at December 31, 2019. The increase in remaining performance obligations at December 31, 2020 was attributable to an increase in remaining performance obligations within all of our reportable segments, except for our United States industrial services segment.
Computer System Attack
On February 15, 2020, we became aware of an infiltration and encryption of portions of our information technology network. This attack temporarily disrupted our use of the impacted systems. As part of our investigation into this incident, we engaged outside security experts, who did not identify any exfiltration of customer or employee data or any inappropriate access to our accounting or finance systems. The Company maintains insurance coverage for these types of incidents; such policies, however, may not completely provide coverage for, or completely offset the costs of, this infiltration.
2019 versus 2018
Overview
The following table presents selected financial data for the fiscal years ended December 31, 2019 and 2018 (in thousands, except percentages and per share data):
| | | | | | | | | | | |
| | 2019 | | 2018 |
| Revenues | $ | 9,174,611 | | | $ | 8,130,631 | |
| Revenues increase from prior year | 12.8 | % | | 5.8 | % |
| Gross profit | $ | 1,355,868 | | | $ | 1,205,453 | |
| Gross profit as a percentage of revenues | 14.8 | % | | 14.8 | % |
| Restructuring expenses | $ | 1,523 | | | $ | 2,306 | |
| Impairment loss on goodwill, identifiable intangible assets, and other long-lived assets | $ | — | | | $ | 907 | |
| Operating income | $ | 460,892 | | | $ | 403,083 | |
| Operating income as a percentage of revenues | 5.0 | % | | 5.0 | % |
| Net income attributable to EMCOR Group, Inc. | $ | 325,140 | | | $ | 283,531 | |
| Diluted earnings per common share from continuing operations | $ | 5.75 | | | $ | 4.89 | |
The results of our operations for 2019 set new company records in terms of revenues, operating income, net income attributable to EMCOR Group, Inc., and diluted earnings per share from continuing operations. Operating margin (operating income as a percentage of revenues) for 2019 remained consistent with our previously established annual record of 5.0%.
Revenues increased by 12.8% from $8.13 billion for the year ended December 31, 2018 to $9.17 billion for the year ended December 31, 2019. Operating income for 2019 of $460.9 million, or 5.0% of revenues, increased by $57.8 million compared to operating income of $403.1 million, or 5.0% of revenues, in 2018.
The strong operating results in 2019 were due to revenue growth and an increase in operating income within all of our reportable segments, as well as operating margin expansion across all such segments, except for our United States mechanical construction and facilities services segment due to a change in revenue mix when compared to 2018.
Impact of Acquisitions
On November 1, 2019, we completed the acquisition of Batchelor & Kimball, Inc. (“BKI”), a leading full service provider of mechanical construction and maintenance services. This acquisition strengthens our position and broadens our capabilities in the Southern and Southeastern regions of the United States, and the results of its operations have been included within our United States mechanical construction and facilities services segment. In addition to BKI, during 2019, we acquired: (a) a company that provides electrical contracting services in central Iowa, the results of operations of which have been included within our United States electrical construction and facilities services segment, (b) a company that provides mechanical contracting services in south-central and eastern Texas, the results of operations of which have been included within our United States mechanical construction and facilities services segment, and (c) four companies included within our United States building services segment, consisting of: (i) a company that provides mobile mechanical services in the Southern region of the United States and (ii) three companies, the results of operations of which were de minimis, which bolster our presence in geographies where we have existing operations and provide either mobile mechanical services or building automation and controls solutions.
We acquired four companies in 2018. Two companies provide mobile mechanical services, one within the Eastern region and the other within the Western region of the United States. The third company is a full service provider of mechanical services within the Southern region of the United States. The results of operations for these three companies have been included in our United States building services segment. The fourth company provides electrical construction and maintenance services for industrial and commercial buildings in North Texas, and the results of its resultsoperations have been included in our United States electrical construction and facilities services segment.
Companies acquired in 2019 and 2018 generated incremental revenues of $290.3 million and incremental operating income of $16.6 million, inclusive of $9.3 million of amortization expense associated with identifiable intangible assets, for the year ended December 31, 2019.
Discussion and Analysis of Results of Operations
Revenues
The following table presents our revenues for each of our operating segments and the approximate percentages that each segment’s revenues were of total revenues for the years ended December 31, 2019 and 2018 (in thousands, except for percentages):
| | | | 2019 | | % of Total | | 2018 | | % of Total | | 2019 | | % of Total | | 2018 | | % of Total |
| Revenues from unrelated entities: | | | | | | | | Revenues from unrelated entities: | | | | | | | |
| United States electrical construction and facilities services | $ | 2,216,600 |
| | 24 | % | | $ | 1,954,323 |
| | 24 | % | United States electrical construction and facilities services | $ | 2,216,600 | | | 24 | % | | $ | 1,954,323 | | | 24 | % |
| United States mechanical construction and facilities services | 3,340,337 |
| | 36 | % | | 2,962,843 |
| | 37 | % | United States mechanical construction and facilities services | 3,340,337 | | | 36 | % | | 2,962,843 | | | 37 | % |
| United States building services | 2,106,872 |
| | 23 | % | | 1,875,485 |
| | 23 | % | United States building services | 2,106,872 | | | 23 | % | | 1,875,485 | | | 23 | % |
| United States industrial services | 1,087,543 |
| | 12 | % | | 923,109 |
| | 11 | % | United States industrial services | 1,087,543 | | | 12 | % | | 923,109 | | | 11 | % |
| Total United States operations | 8,751,352 |
| | 95 | % | | 7,715,760 |
| | 95 | % | Total United States operations | 8,751,352 | | | 95 | % | | 7,715,760 | | | 95 | % |
| United Kingdom building services | 423,259 |
| | 5 | % | | 414,871 |
| | 5 | % | United Kingdom building services | 423,259 | | | 5 | % | | 414,871 | | | 5 | % |
| Total worldwide operations | $ | 9,174,611 |
| | 100 | % | | $ | 8,130,631 |
| | 100 | % | |
| Total operations | | Total operations | $ | 9,174,611 | | | 100 | % | | $ | 8,130,631 | | | 100 | % |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
As described in more detail below, revenues for the year ended December 31, 2019 increased to $9.2$9.17 billion compared to $8.1$8.13 billion for the year ended December 31, 2018, with all reportable segments experiencing revenue growth year over year.year-over-year. Companies acquired in 2019 and 2018, which are reported in our United States electrical construction and facilities services segment, our United States mechanical construction and facilities services segment and our United States building services segment, generated incremental revenues of $290.3 million in 2019.
Revenues of our United States electrical construction and facilities services segment were $2,216.6 million for the year ended December 31, 2019 compared to revenues of $1,954.3 million for the year ended December 31, 2018. The increase in revenues was attributable to: (a) an increase in revenues from the commercial market sector, primarily as a result of several large telecommunication construction projects, and (b) an increase in project activities within the manufacturing and institutional market sectors. In addition, the results for the year ended December 31, 2019 included $134.5 million of incremental revenues generated by companies acquired in 2019 and 2018. These increases were partially offset by a decrease in revenues due to the completion or substantial completion of certain large construction projects within the transportation, healthcare, and hospitality market sectors.
Our United States mechanical construction and facilities services segment revenues for the year ended December 31, 2019 were $3,340.3 million, a $377.5 million increase compared to revenues of $2,962.8 million for the year ended December 31, 2018. The increase in revenues was primarily attributable to an increase in revenues from the majority of the market sectors in which we operate, including: (a) the manufacturing market sector, due to several food processing construction projects, (b) the commercial market sector, primarily as a result of certain telecommunication and technology construction projects currently in process during 2019, and (c) the healthcare, water and wastewater, and institutional market sectors due to increased project activity. In addition, the results for the year ended December 31, 2019 included $49.1 million of incremental revenues generated by companies acquired in 2019. These increases were partially offset by decreased revenues within the hospitality market sector as a result of the completion of certain large projects.
Revenues of our United States building services segment were $2,106.9 million and $1,875.5 million for the years ended December 31, 2019 and 2018, respectively. The $231.4 million increase in this segment’s revenues was due to: (a) incremental revenues of $106.7 million generated by companies acquired in 2019 and 2018 within our mobile mechanical services operations, (b) greater project, controls, and service repair and maintenance activities within our mobile mechanical services operations, (c) an increase in revenues within our commercial site-based services operations, partially as a result of: (i) scope expansion on certain contracts with existing customers and (ii) new contract awards, and (d) increased large project activity within our energy services operations. These increases were partially offset by revenue declines within our government site-based services operations due to the loss of certain contracts not renewed pursuant to rebid, which resulted in a reduction in both base maintenance and indefinite-delivery, indefinite-quantity project revenues.
Revenues of our United States industrial services segment for the year ended December 31, 2019 were $1,087.5 million, a $164.4 million increase compared to revenues of $923.1 million for the year ended December 31, 2018. The increase in revenues was primarily due to increased maintenance and capital project activity within our field services operations. In addition, the results for the year ended December 31, 2019 benefited from a more normalized demand pattern for our turnaround services as compared to the prior year,2018, which was negatively impacted by the lingering effects of Hurricane Harvey, which led to the cancellation or deferral of certain previously scheduled maintenance activities with our customers in the first half of 2018.customers. The increased revenues for the
year ended December 31, 2019 were partially offset by a decrease in revenues from our shop services operations, primarily as a result of a reduction in new build heat exchanger sales.
Our United Kingdom building services segment revenues were $423.3 million in 2019 compared to $414.9 million in 2018. The increase in revenues within this segment was primarily the result of: (a) new contract awards within the commercial and institutional market sectors and (b) increased project activity with existing customers. Unfavorable exchange rates for the British pound versus the United States dollar negatively impacted this segment’s revenues for the year ended December 31, 2019 by $19.5 million.
Cost of sales and Gross profit
The following table presents cost of sales, gross profit, (revenues less cost of sales), and gross profit margin (gross profit as a percentage of revenues) for the years ended December 31, 2019 and 2018 (in thousands, except for percentages):
| | | | | | | | | | | |
| | 2019 | | 2018 |
| Cost of sales | $ | 7,818,743 | | | $ | 6,925,178 | |
| Gross profit | $ | 1,355,868 | | | $ | 1,205,453 | |
| Gross profit margin | 14.8 | % | | 14.8 | % |
Our gross profit for the year ended December 31, 2019 was $1,355.9 million, a $150.4 million increase compared to gross profit of $1,205.5 million for the year ended December 31, 2018. Our gross profit margin was 14.8% for 2019 and 2018. The increase in consolidated gross profit was due to an increase in gross profit from all of our reportable segments, partially as a result of an increase in revenues within each segment during 2019. Additionally, gross profit within our United States electrical construction and facilities services segment, our United States mechanical construction and facilities services segment, and our United States building services segment was favorably impacted by incremental gross profit generated by companies acquired.
Selling, general and administrative expenses
The following table presents selling, general and administrative expenses and SG&A margin, (selling, general and administrative expenses as a percentage of revenues) for the years ended December 31, 2019 and 2018 (in thousands, except for percentages):
| | | | | | | | | | | |
| | 2019 | | 2018 |
| Selling, general and administrative expenses | $ | 893,453 | | | $ | 799,157 | |
| Selling, general and administrative expenses as a percentage of revenues | 9.7 | % | | 9.8 | % |
Our selling, general and administrative expenses for the year ended December 31, 2019 were $893.5 million, a $94.3 million increase compared to selling, general and administrative expenses of $799.2 million for the year ended December 31, 2018. Selling, general and administrative expenses as a percentage of revenues were 9.7% and 9.8% for 2019 and 2018, respectively. The increase in selling, general and administrative expenses for the year ended December 31, 2019 included $35.1 million of incremental expenses directly related to companies acquired in 2019 and 2018, including amortization expense attributable to identifiable intangible assets of $4.5 million. In addition to the impact of acquisitions, selling, general and administrative expenses increased due to: (a) an increase in salaries and related employee benefit costs, partially as a result of an increase in headcount to support our revenue growth, (b) an increase in incentive compensation expense, due to higher annual operating results than in the prior year,2018, (c) an increase in information technology costs related to various initiatives currently in process during 2019, and (d) an increase in certain non-income based taxes. The decrease in SG&A margin for the year ended December 31, 2019 was primarily due to an increase in revenues without commensurate increases in our overhead cost structure.
Restructuring expenses
Restructuring expenses, primarily relating to employee severance obligations, were $1.5 million and $2.3 million for the years ended December 31, 2019 and 2018, respectively. As of December 31, 2019 and 2018, the balance of restructuring related obligations yet to be paid was $1.6 million. The obligations outstanding as
Impairment loss on goodwill, and identifiable intangible assets, and other long-lived assets
No impairment of our identifiable intangible assets was recognized for the year ended December 31, 2019. During 2018, we recorded a $0.9 million non-cash impairment charge associated with a finite-lived subsidiary trade name within our United States industrial services segment. No impairment of our goodwill was recognized for the years ended December 31, 2019 and 2018.
Operating income (loss)
The following table presents by segment our operating income (loss) and each segment’s operating income (loss) as a percentage of such segment’s revenues from unrelated entities for the years ended December 31, 2019 and 2018 (in thousands, except for percentages):
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | 2019 | | % of
Segment
Revenues | | 2018 | | % of
Segment
Revenues |
| Operating income (loss): | | | | | | | |
| United States electrical construction and facilities services | $ | 161,684 | | | 7.3 | % | | $ | 139,430 | | | 7.1 | % |
| United States mechanical construction and facilities services | 225,040 | | | 6.7 | % | | 219,853 | | | 7.4 | % |
| United States building services | 114,754 | | | 5.4 | % | | 93,827 | | | 5.0 | % |
| United States industrial services | 44,340 | | | 4.1 | % | | 27,671 | | | 3.0 | % |
| Total United States operations | 545,818 | | | 6.2 | % | | 480,781 | | | 6.2 | % |
| United Kingdom building services | 18,323 | | | 4.3 | % | | 15,930 | | | 3.8 | % |
| Corporate administration | (101,726) | | | — | | | (90,415) | | | — | |
| Restructuring expenses | (1,523) | | | — | | | (2,306) | | | — | |
Impairment loss on goodwill, identifiable intangible assets,
and other long-lived assets | — | | | — | | | (907) | | | — | |
| Total operations | 460,892 | | | 5.0 | % | | 403,083 | | | 5.0 | % |
| Other corporate items: | | | | | | | |
| Net periodic pension (cost) income | 1,553 | | | | | 2,743 | | | |
| Interest expense | (13,821) | | | | | (13,544) | | | |
| Interest income | 2,265 | | | | | 2,746 | | | |
| Income from continuing operations before income taxes | $ | 450,889 | | | | | $ | 395,028 | | | |
|
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | 2019 | | % of Segment Revenues | | 2018 | | % of Segment Revenues |
| Operating income (loss): | | | | | | | |
| United States electrical construction and facilities services | $ | 161,684 |
| | 7.3 | % | | $ | 139,430 |
| | 7.1 | % |
| United States mechanical construction and facilities services | 225,040 |
| | 6.7 | % | | 219,853 |
| | 7.4 | % |
| United States building services | 114,754 |
| | 5.4 | % | | 93,827 |
| | 5.0 | % |
| United States industrial services | 44,340 |
| | 4.1 | % | | 27,671 |
| | 3.0 | % |
| Total United States operations | 545,818 |
| | 6.2 | % | | 480,781 |
| | 6.2 | % |
| United Kingdom building services | 18,323 |
| | 4.3 | % | | 15,930 |
| | 3.8 | % |
| Corporate administration | (101,726 | ) | | — |
| | (90,415 | ) | | — |
|
| Restructuring expenses | (1,523 | ) | | — |
| | (2,306 | ) | | — |
|
| Impairment loss on identifiable intangible assets | — |
| | — |
| | (907 | ) | | — |
|
| Total worldwide operations | 460,892 |
| | 5.0 | % | | 403,083 |
| | 5.0 | % |
| Other corporate items: | |
| | |
| | |
| | |
|
| Net periodic pension (cost) income | 1,553 |
| | | | 2,743 |
| | |
| Interest expense | (13,821 | ) | | | | (13,544 | ) | | |
| Interest income | 2,265 |
| | |
| | 2,746 |
| | |
|
| Income from continuing operations before income taxes | $ | 450,889 |
| | |
| | $ | 395,028 |
| | |
|
As described in more detail below, we had operating income of $460.9 million for the year ended December 31, 2019 compared to operating income of $403.1 million for the year ended December 31, 2018. Operating margin was 5.0% for both periods.Operating income and operating margin increased within all of our reportable segments except, in the case of operating margin, our United States mechanical construction and facilities services segment, which experienced a 0.7% decline in operating margin as a result of a change in revenue mix compared to the prior year.2018.
Operating income of our United States electrical construction and facilities services segment for the year ended December 31, 2019 was $161.7 million, or 7.3% of revenues, compared to operating income of $139.4 million, or 7.1% of revenues, for the year ended December 31, 2018. The $22.3 million increase in operating income for the year ended December 31, 2019year-over-year was primarily attributable to an increase in gross profit within the commercial market sector, inclusive of certain telecommunication construction projects, partially offset by a decrease in gross profit within the transportation market sector as a result of the completion or substantial completion of certain multi-year construction projects. Additionally, companies acquired in 2019 and 2018 contributed incremental operating income of $6.1 million, inclusive of $1.7 million of amortization expense associated with identifiable intangible assets. The increase in operating margin for the year ended December 31, 2019 was attributable to an increase in gross profit margin, partially as a result of improved project execution.
Our United States mechanical construction and facilities services segment’s operating income for the year ended December 31, 2019 was $225.0 million, a $5.2 million increase compared to operating income of $219.9 million for the year ended December 31, 2018. Companies acquired in 2019 contributed incremental operating income of $0.1 million, inclusive of $2.8 million of amortization expense associated with identifiable intangible assets. The increase in operating income for the year ended December 31, 2019 was primarily attributable to an increase in gross profit from activities within the commercial and institutional market sectors, partially offset by a decrease in gross profit from construction projects within the manufacturing and hospitality market sectors. Operating margins within this segment for the years ended December 31, 2019 and 2018 were 6.7% and 7.4%, respectively.
The decrease in annual operating margin year over year was attributable to a decrease in gross profit margin, primarily within the manufacturing market sector as a result of a change in the mix of work in the current year,year-over-year, including several large food processing projects that havehad not yet achieved key milestones and arewere therefore being recognized at lower gross profit margins. This segment’s operating margin for the prior year2018 was favorably impacted by the successful close-out of certain large manufacturing and hospitality construction projects.
Operating income of our United States building services segment was $114.8 million, or 5.4% of revenues, and $93.8 million, or 5.0% of revenues, in 2019 and 2018, respectively. The increase in operating income for the year ended December 31, 2019 was primarily attributable to our mobile mechanical services operations, as a result of increased gross profit from project, controls, and service repair and maintenance activities. In addition, operating income benefited from increased gross profit within our commercial site-based services operations, as a result of scope expansion on certain existing contracts, and our energy services operations, due to an increase in large project activity. Companies acquired in 2019 and 2018 contributed incremental operating income of $10.4 million, inclusive of $4.8 million of amortization expense associated with identifiable intangible assets. These increases were partially offset by a reduction in operating income from our government site-based services operations as a result of a decrease in gross profit due to the loss of certain contracts within their portfolio, which were not renewed pursuant to rebid. The increase in operating margin of this segment for the year ended December 31, 2019 was attributable to an increase in gross profit margin, primarily from building automation and controls and repair project activities within our mobile mechanical services operations.
Our United States industrial services segment operating income for the year ended December 31, 2019 was $44.3 million, a $16.7 million increase compared to operating income of $27.7 million for the year ended December 31, 2018. Operating margin of this segment was 4.1% and 3.0% for 2019 and 2018, respectively. The increase in operating income for the year ended December 31, 2019 was primarily due to an increase in demand for our service offerings during the year as we experienced a more normalized demand pattern within our field services operations as compared to the prior year.2018. The increase in operating margin for the year ended December 31, 2019 was primarily attributable to a decrease in the ratio of selling, general and administrative expenses to revenues, partially as a result of an increase in revenues without commensurate increases in this segment’s overhead cost structure.
Our United Kingdom building services segment operating income for the year ended December 31, 2019 was $18.3 million, or 4.3% of revenues, compared to operating income of $15.9 million, or 3.8% of revenues, for the year ended December 31, 2018. Operating income increased primarily as a result of increased gross profit within the commercial market sector due to: (a) an increase in project activity with existing customers and (b) new contract awards. This segment’s operating income was negatively impacted by $0.9 million for the year ended December 31, 2019 related to the effect of unfavorable exchange rates for the British pound versus the United States dollar. The increase in operating margin for the year ended December 31, 2019 was attributable to an increase in gross profit margin, partially as a result of a favorable project mix during the year.
Our corporate administration operating loss was $101.7 million for 2019 compared to $90.4 million in 2018. The increase in corporate administration expenses for the year ended December 31, 2019 was primarily due to: (a) an increase in employment costs, such as incentive compensation and salaries, (b) an increase in professional fees as a result of various information technology initiatives currently in process during 2019, and (c) an increase in certain non-income based taxes.
Non-operating items
Interest expense was $13.8 million and $13.5 million for 2019 and 2018, respectively. Interest income was $2.3 million and $2.7 million for 2019 and 2018, respectively. The increase in interest expense for 2019 was due to higher average interest rates, partially offset by the impact of reduced average outstanding borrowings. The decrease in interest income was a result of lower average daily cash balances during the first half of 2019.
For joint ventures that have been accounted for using the consolidation method of accounting, noncontrolling interests represent the allocation of earnings to our joint venture partners who either have a minority-ownership interest in the joint venture or are not at risk for the majority of losses of the joint venture.
Our 2019 income tax provision from continuing operations was $125.7 million compared to $109.1 million for 2018. The actualOur income tax rate on income from continuing operations before income taxes, less amounts attributable to noncontrolling interests, was 27.9% and 27.6% for 2019 and 2018, respectively. The increase in the 2019 income tax provision was primarily driven by increased income from continuing operations before income taxes. Thetaxes while the increase in the income tax rate was primarily due to:a result of: (a) an increase in our state deferred tax rate, partially as a result of a change in the mix of income, and (b) the continued applicationimpact of the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act, (the “Tax Act”), including the application of guidance regarding certain permanent differences and other nondeductible expenses.
Discontinued operations
During the third quarter of 2014, we ceased construction operations in the United Kingdom. The results of the construction operations of our United Kingdom segment for all periods are presented in the Consolidated Financial Statements as discontinued operations.
Remaining Unsatisfied Performance Obligations
The following table presents the transaction price allocated to remaining unsatisfied performance obligations (“remaining performance obligations”) in accordance with Accounting Standards Codification Topic 606, “Revenue from Contracts with Customers” (“ASC 606”) for each of our reportable segments and their respective percentage of total remaining performance obligations (in thousands, except for percentages):
|
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | December 31, 2019 | | % of Total | | December 31, 2018 | | % of Total |
| Remaining performance obligations: | | | | | | | |
| United States electrical construction and facilities services | $ | 1,036,216 |
| | 26 | % | | $ | 1,085,571 |
| | 28 | % |
| United States mechanical construction and facilities services | 2,229,090 |
| | 55 | % | | 2,226,183 |
| | 56 | % |
| United States building services | 542,269 |
| | 13 | % | | 435,074 |
| | 11 | % |
| United States industrial services | 104,613 |
| | 3 | % | | 86,930 |
| | 2 | % |
| Total United States operations | 3,912,188 |
| | 97 | % | | 3,833,758 |
| | 97 | % |
| United Kingdom building services | 124,176 |
| | 3 | % | | 130,524 |
| | 3 | % |
| Total worldwide operations | $ | 4,036,364 |
| | 100 | % | | $ | 3,964,282 |
| | 100 | % |
Remaining performance obligations increase with awards of new contracts and decrease as we perform work and recognize revenue on existing contracts. We include a project within our remaining performance obligations at such time as the project is awarded and agreement on contract terms has been reached. Our remaining performance obligations include amounts related to contracts for which a fixed price contract value is not assigned when a reasonable estimate of total transaction price can be made.
Remaining performance obligations include unrecognized revenues to be realized from uncompleted construction contracts. Although many of our construction contracts are subject to cancellation at the election of our customers, in accordance with industry practice, we do not limit the amount of unrecognized revenue included within remaining performance obligations for these contracts due to the inherent substantial economic penalty that would be incurred by our customers upon cancellation. We believe our reported remaining performance obligations for our construction contracts are firm and contract cancellations have not had a material adverse effect on us.
Remaining performance obligations also include unrecognized revenues expected to be realized over the remaining term of service contracts. However, to the extent a service contract includes a cancellation clause which allows for the termination of such contract by either party without a substantive penalty, the remaining contract term, and therefore, the amount of unrecognized revenues included within remaining performance obligations, is limited to the notice period required for the termination.
Our remaining performance obligations are comprised of: (a) original contract amounts, (b) change orders for which we have received written confirmations from our customers, (c) pending change orders for which we expect to receive confirmations in the ordinary course of business, (d) claim amounts that we have made against customers for which we have determined we have a legal basis under existing contractual arrangements and as to which the variable consideration constraint does not apply, and (e) other forms of variable consideration to the extent that such variable consideration has been included within the transaction price of our contracts. Such claim and other variable consideration amounts were immaterial for all periods presented.
Our remaining performance obligations at December 31, 2019 were $4.04 billion compared to $3.96 billion at December 31, 2018. The increase in remaining performance obligations at December 31, 2019 was attributable to a increase in remaining performance obligations within all of our domestic segments, except for our United States electrical construction and facilities services segment.
Computer System Attack
On February 15, 2020, we became aware of an infiltration and encryption of portions of our information technology network. This attack disrupted our operations that utilize the impacted portions of the network. We continue to assess the magnitude of the consequences and we are actively seeking to mitigate the effects. As of the date of this filing, we continue our efforts to restore the portions of such systems that remain impacted. We are unable to predict when the entire network will be functional. We are additionally unable to estimate precisely the total costs which will result from the attack and the remediation efforts. We maintain insurance coverage for these types of incidents, however, such policies may not completely provide coverage for, or offset the costs of, this infiltration.
2018 versus 2017
Overview
The following table presents selected financial data for the fiscal years ended December 31, 2018 and 2017 (in thousands, except percentages and per share data):
|
| | | | | | | |
| | 2018 | | 2017 |
| Revenues | $ | 8,130,631 |
| | $ | 7,686,999 |
|
| Revenues increase from prior year | 5.8 | % | | 1.8 | % |
| Restructuring expenses | $ | 2,306 |
| | $ | 1,577 |
|
| Impairment loss on goodwill and identifiable intangible assets | $ | 907 |
| | $ | 57,819 |
|
| Operating income | $ | 403,083 |
| | $ | 328,902 |
|
| Operating income as a percentage of revenues | 5.0 | % | | 4.3 | % |
| Income from continuing operations | $ | 285,922 |
| | $ | 228,050 |
|
| Net income attributable to EMCOR Group, Inc. | $ | 283,531 |
| | $ | 227,196 |
|
| Diluted earnings per common share from continuing operations | $ | 4.89 |
| | $ | 3.83 |
|
Revenue for the year ended December 31, 2018 increased by approximately 5.8% compared to revenue for the year ended December 31, 2017 as a resultOperating income increased to $403.1 million, or 5.0% of revenues, in 2018 from $328.9 million, or 4.3% of revenues in 2017. Operating income increased within all of our reportable segments, except for our United States electrical construction and facilities services segment and our United States industrial services segment.Operating margin increased within our United States mechanical construction and facilities services segment and our United States building services segment, while operating margin declined within our United States electrical construction and facilities services segment and our United States industrial services segment. Operating margin remained flat within our United Kingdom building services segment. The decrease in operating income and operating margin within our United States electrical construction and facilities services segment was attributable to $10.0 million of losses incurred in 2018 on a transportation construction project in the Western region of the United States, which negatively impacted operating margin of this segment by 0.6% and our consolidated operating margin by 0.1%. Operating income and operating margin within our United States industrial services segment declined as the results for the year ended December 31, 2017 benefited from $18.1 million of gross profit related to the recovery of certain contract costs previously disputed on a project completed in 2016, which favorably impacted operating margin of this segment by 2.1%, and consolidated operating margin by 0.2%, in 2017.Contents
Operating income for 2017 included $57.8 million of non-cash impairment charges, which resulted in a 0.8% negative impact on the Company’s operating margin.
The increase in net income attributable to EMCOR Group, Inc. and diluted earnings per common share from continuing operations in 2018 was due to an increase in operating income and the reduction in the U.S federal corporate tax rate due to the enactment of the Tax Act. Our diluted earnings per common share from continuing operations for 2018 additionally benefited from a decrease in the weighted average number of shares outstanding as a result of the continued repurchase of our common stock.
Impact of Acquisitions
We acquired four companies in 2018. Two companies provide mobile mechanical services, one within the Eastern region and the other within the Western region of the United States. The third company is a full service provider of mechanical services within the Southern region of the United States. The results of these three companies have been included in our United States building services segment. The fourth company provides electrical construction and maintenance services for industrial and commercial buildings in North Texas, and its results have been included in our United States electrical construction and facilities services segment.
We acquired three companies during 2017. One company provides fire protection and alarm services primarily in the Southern region of the United States. The second company provides millwright services for manufacturing companies throughout the United States. Both of their results have been included in our United States mechanical construction and facilities services segment. The third company provides mobile mechanical services within the Western region of the United States, and its results have been included in our United States building services segment.
Companies acquired in 2018 and 2017 generated incremental revenues of $90.1 million and incremental operating income of $5.8 million, inclusive of $2.9 million of amortization expense associated with identifiable intangible assets, for the year ended December 31, 2018.
Discussion and Analysis of Results of Operations
Revenues
The following table presents our revenues for each of our operating segments and the approximate percentages that each segment’s revenues were of total revenues for the years ended December 31, 2018 and 2017 (in thousands, except for percentages):
|
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | 2018 | | % of Total | | 2017 | | % of Total |
| Revenues from unrelated entities: | | | | | | | |
| United States electrical construction and facilities services | $ | 1,954,323 |
| | 24 | % | | $ | 1,829,567 |
| | 24 | % |
| United States mechanical construction and facilities services | 2,962,843 |
| | 37 | % | | 2,880,148 |
| | 37 | % |
| United States building services | 1,875,485 |
| | 23 | % | | 1,753,703 |
| | 23 | % |
| United States industrial services | 923,109 |
| | 11 | % | | 882,836 |
| | 12 | % |
| Total United States operations | 7,715,760 |
| | 95 | % | | 7,346,254 |
| | 96 | % |
| United Kingdom building services | 414,871 |
| | 5 | % | | 340,745 |
| | 4 | % |
| Total worldwide operations | $ | 8,130,631 |
| | 100 | % | | $ | 7,686,999 |
| | 100 | % |
| | | | | | | | |
As described in more detail below, revenues for 2018 were $8.1 billion compared to $7.7 billion for 2017. The increase in revenues was attributable to increased revenues from all of our reportable segments. Companies acquired in 2018 and 2017, which are reported in our United States electrical construction and facilities services segment, our United States mechanical construction and facilities services segment, and our United States building services segment, generated incremental revenues of $90.1 million in 2018.
Revenues of our United States electrical construction and facilities services segment were $1,954.3 million for the year ended December 31, 2018 compared to revenues of $1,829.6 million for the year ended December 31, 2017. The increase in revenues was attributable to an increase in activity within all of the market sectors in which we operate, except for the transportation market sector, as we approached substantial completion on several large multi-year transportation construction projects in 2018. In addition, the results for the year ended December 31, 2018 included $20.2 million of incremental revenues generated by a company acquired in 2018.
Our United States mechanical construction and facilities services segment revenues for the year ended December 31, 2018 were $2,962.8 million, an $82.7 million increase compared to revenues of $2,880.1 million for the year ended December 31, 2017. The increase in revenues was primarily attributable to an increase in revenues from commercial and institutional construction projects, partially offset by a decrease in revenues from large projects within the manufacturing market sector. In addition, the results for the year ended December 31, 2018 included $35.3 million of incremental revenues generated by a company acquired in 2017.
Revenues of our United States building services segment were $1,875.5 million and $1,753.7 million in 2018 and 2017, respectively. The increase in revenues was due to: (a) greater project and repair service activities within our mobile mechanical services operations, (b) large project activity within our energy services operations, (c) increased revenues from government site-based operations, partially as a result of additional indefinite-delivery, indefinite-quantity project activity, and (d) an increase in snow removal activity within our commercial site-based services operations. In addition, the results for the year ended December 31, 2018 included $34.6 million of incremental revenues generated by companies acquired in 2018 and 2017. These increases were partially offset by a decrease in revenues due to the loss of certain contracts not renewed pursuant to rebid within our commercial site-based services operations.
Revenues of our United States industrial services segment for the year ended December 31, 2018 increased by $40.3 million compared to the year ended December 31, 2017. The increase in revenues was due to an increase in revenues from both our field and shop services operations. The increase in revenues from our field services operations was due to an increase in turnaround project activity during the second half of 2018 as this division began to recover from the negative impact of Hurricane Harvey, which resulted in the cancellation of previously scheduled turnarounds during 2017 and early 2018. The increase in revenues from our shop services operations was due to increases in demand for new build heat exchangers, as well as our cleaning, repair and maintenance services.
Our United Kingdom building services segment revenues were $414.9 million in 2018 compared to $340.7 million in 2017. The increase in revenues was the result of increased project activity with existing customers and new contract awards within the commercial, institutional and water and wastewater market sectors. This segment’s revenues were positively impacted by $15.2 million related to the effect of favorable exchange rates for the British pound versus the United States dollar.
Cost of sales and Gross profit
The following table presents cost of sales, gross profit, and gross profit margin for the years ended December 31, 2018 and 2017 (in thousands, except for percentages):
|
| | | | | | | |
| | 2018 | | 2017 |
| Cost of sales | $ | 6,925,178 |
| | $ | 6,539,987 |
|
| Gross profit | $ | 1,205,453 |
| | $ | 1,147,012 |
|
| Gross profit margin | 14.8 | % | | 14.9 | % |
Our gross profit for the year ended December 31, 2018 was $1,205.5 million, a $58.4 million increase compared to gross profit of $1,147.0 million for the year ended December 31, 2017. Our gross profit margin was 14.8% and 14.9% for 2018 and 2017, respectively. The increase in gross profit was attributable to improved operating performance within all of our reportable segments, except for the United States electrical construction and facilities services segment. Gross profit and gross profit margin for the year ended December 31, 2017 were favorably impacted by the recovery of certain contract costs previously disputed on a project that was completed in 2016 within our United States industrial services segment, resulting in $18.1 million of gross profit and a 0.2% favorable impact on the Company’s 2017 gross profit margin.
Selling, general and administrative expenses
The following table presents selling, general and administrative expenses and SG&A margin, for the years ended December 31, 2018 and 2017 (in thousands, except for percentages):
|
| | | | | | | |
| | 2018 | | 2017 |
| Selling, general and administrative expenses | $ | 799,157 |
| | $ | 758,714 |
|
| Selling, general and administrative expenses as a percentage of revenues | 9.8 | % | | 9.9 | % |
Our selling, general and administrative expenses for the year ended December 31, 2018 were $799.2 million, a $40.4 million increase compared to selling, general and administrative expenses of $758.7 million for the year ended December 31, 2017. Selling, general and administrative expenses as a percentage of revenues were 9.8% and 9.9% for 2018 and 2017, respectively. The increase in selling, general and administrative expenses for the year ended December 31, 2018 included $12.5 million of incremental expenses directly related to companies acquired in 2018 and 2017, including amortization expense attributable to identifiable intangible assets of $1.3 million. In addition to the impact of acquisitions, selling, general and administrative expenses increased due to: (a) an increase in salaries, partially as a result of an increase in headcount due to higher revenues than in the prior year, (b) an increase in incentive compensation expense, due to higher annual operating results than in the prior year, and (c) increases in other selling, general and administrative expenses, such as information technology, consulting and other professional fees. The decrease in SG&A margin for the year ended December 31, 2018 was partially due to a reduction in the provision for doubtful accounts, primarily within our United States electrical construction and facilities services segment and our United States building services segment, as well as an increase in revenues without commensurate increases in our overhead cost structure.
Restructuring expenses
Restructuring expenses, primarily relating to severance obligations, were $2.3 million and $1.6 million for the years ended December 31, 2018 and 2017, respectively. As of December 31, 2018 and 2017, the balance of restructuring related obligations yet to be paid was $1.6 million and $0.5 million, respectively. The majority of such obligations outstanding as of December 31, 2018 and 2017 were paid during 2019 and 2018, respectively, and the remainder will be paid pursuant to our contractual obligations throughout 2020 and 2021.
Impairment loss on goodwill and identifiable intangible assets
During the second quarter of 2018 and prior to our 2018 annual impairment test on October 1, we recorded a $0.9 million non-cash impairment charge associated with a finite-lived subsidiary trade name within our United States industrial services segment. No additional impairment of our identifiable intangible assets was recognized for the year ended December 31, 2018. Additionally, no impairment of our goodwill was recognized for the year ended December 31, 2018.
In conjunction with our 2017 annual impairment test, we recognized $57.8 million of non-cash impairment charges. Of this amount, $57.5 million related to goodwill within our United States industrial services segment and $0.3 million related to a subsidiary trade name within our United States building services segment. The goodwill impairment primarily resulted from both lower forecasted revenues and operating margins from our United States industrial services segment, which had been adversely affected by poor market conditions, predominately within its shop services operations due to: (a) a prolonged curtailment in capital spending from customers, (b) increased foreign competition and (c) economic uncertainty within certain South American markets which caused us to limit our pursuit of opportunities within such countries.
Operating income (loss)
The following table presents by segment our operating income (loss) and each segment’s operating income (loss) as a percentage of such segment’s revenues from unrelated entities for the years ended December 31, 2018 and 2017 (in thousands, except for percentages):
|
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | 2018 | | % of Segment Revenues | | 2017 | | % of Segment Revenues |
| Operating income (loss): | | | | | | | |
| United States electrical construction and facilities services | $ | 139,430 |
| | 7.1 | % | | $ | 150,001 |
| | 8.2 | % |
| United States mechanical construction and facilities services | 219,853 |
| | 7.4 | % | | 192,167 |
| | 6.7 | % |
| United States building services | 93,827 |
| | 5.0 | % | | 81,720 |
| | 4.7 | % |
| United States industrial services | 27,671 |
| | 3.0 | % | | 39,313 |
| | 4.5 | % |
| Total United States operations | 480,781 |
| | 6.2 | % | | 463,201 |
| | 6.3 | % |
| United Kingdom building services | 15,930 |
| | 3.8 | % | | 12,905 |
| | 3.8 | % |
| Corporate administration | (90,415 | ) | | — |
| | (87,808 | ) | | — |
|
| Restructuring expenses | (2,306 | ) | | — |
| | (1,577 | ) | | — |
|
| Impairment loss on goodwill and identifiable intangible assets | (907 | ) | | — |
| | (57,819 | ) | | — |
|
| Total worldwide operations | 403,083 |
| | 5.0 | % | | 328,902 |
| | 4.3 | % |
| Other corporate items: | |
| | |
| | |
| | |
|
| Net periodic pension (cost) income | 2,743 |
| | | | 1,652 |
| | |
| Interest expense | (13,544 | ) | | | | (12,770 | ) | | |
| Interest income | 2,746 |
| | |
| | 965 |
| | |
|
| Income from continuing operations before income taxes | $ | 395,028 |
| | |
| | $ | 318,749 |
| | |
|
As described in more detail below, we had operating income of $403.1 million for 2018 compared to operating income of $328.9 million for 2017. Operating margin was 5.0% and 4.3% for 2018 and 2017, respectively.Operating income increased within all of our reportable segments, except for our United States electrical construction and facilities services segment and our United States industrial services segment. Operating margin increased within our United States mechanical construction and facilities services segment and our United States building services segment, while operating margin declined within our United States electrical construction and facilities services segment and our United States industrial services segment. Operating margin remained flat within our United Kingdom building services segment.
The Company’s operating income and operating margin for the year ended December 31, 2017 included $57.8 million of non-cash impairment charges, which resulted in a 0.8% negative impact on the Company’s operating margin. Operating income and operating margin for the year ended December 31, 2017 benefited from the recovery of certain contract costs previously disputed on a project completed in 2016 within our United States industrial services segment, which resulted in a 0.2% favorable impact on the Company’s operating margin.
Operating income of our United States electrical construction and facilities services segment for the year ended December 31, 2018 was $139.4 million, or 7.1% of revenues, compared to operating income of $150.0 million, or 8.2% of revenues, for the year ended December 31, 2017. The decrease in operating income was attributable to a decrease in gross profit from institutional and healthcare construction projects, partially offset by an increase in gross profit from manufacturing, hospitality and commercial construction projects. In addition, otherwise strong performance by this segment within the transportation market sector in 2018 was negatively impacted by $10.0 million of losses incurred on a construction project in the Western region of the United States, resulting in part from contract scope issues. The decrease in operating margin year over year was primarily due to the loss discussed above, which negatively impacted this segment’s operating margin by 0.6% for the year ended December 31, 2018.
Our United States mechanical construction and facilities services segment operating income for the year ended December 31, 2018 was $219.9 million, a $27.7 million increase compared to operating income of $192.2 million for the year ended December 31, 2017. The increase in operating income for the year ended December 31, 2018 was attributable to an increase in gross profit from commercial, manufacturing, and hospitality construction projects, partially offset by a decrease in gross profit from institutional construction projects. A company acquired in 2017 contributed incremental operating income of $3.6 million, inclusive of $0.8 million of amortization expense associated with identifiable intangible assets. Operating margin was 7.4% and 6.7% in 2018 and 2017, respectively. The increase in operating margin for the year ended December 31, 2018 was attributable to an increase
in gross profit margin, partially as a result of the successful close-out of certain large hospitality and food processing construction projects.
Operating income of our United States building services segment was $93.8 million, or 5.0% of revenues, and $81.7 million, or 4.7% of revenues, in 2018 and 2017, respectively. The increase in operating income for the year ended December 31, 2018 was due to increases in operating income from: (a) our energy services operations, due to large project activity, (b) our government site-based services operations, partially as a result of an increase in indefinite-delivery, indefinite-quantity project activity, (c) our mobile mechanical services operations, as a result of increases in gross profit from project, service and control activities, and (d) our commercial site-based operations, partially as a result of (i) scope expansion on existing contracts and (ii) an increase in snow removal activities from contracts that are based on a per snow event basis. Additionally, companies acquired in 2018 and 2017 within our mobile mechanical services division, contributed incremental operating income of $2.4 million, inclusive of $1.7 million of amortization expense associated with identifiable intangible assets, for the year ended December 31, 2018. The increase in operating margin for the year ended December 31, 2018 was attributable to an increase in gross profit margin and a decrease in the ratio of selling, general and administrative expenses to revenues.
Operating income of our United States industrial services segment of $27.7 million for the year ended December 31, 2018 decreased by $11.6 million compared to operating income of $39.3 million for the year ended December 31, 2017 as the results for 2017 benefited from the recognition of $18.1 million of gross profit associated with the recovery of certain contract costs which were previously disputed on a project completed in 2016. Such decrease was partially offset by increased demand and improved operating performance within both our shop and field services operations, partially as a result of greater turnaround project activity during the second half of 2018 as this division began to recover from the negative impact of Hurricane Harvey, which resulted in the cancellation of previously scheduled turnarounds during 2017 and early 2018. Operating margin for the year ended December 31, 2018 was 3.0% compared to operating margin of 4.5% for the year ended December 31, 2017. The decrease in operating margin was primarily attributable to the resolution of the aforementioned project dispute, which favorably impacted this segment’s operating margin by 2.1% in 2017. Excluding the impact of this recovery, operating margin for the year ended December 31, 2018, improved year over year, primarily as a result of a decrease in the ratio of selling, general and administrative expenses to revenues.
Our United Kingdom building services segment operating income for the year ended December 31, 2018 was $15.9 million compared to operating income of $12.9 million for the year ended December 31, 2017. Operating income increased primarily due to an increase in gross profit from project activity with existing customers. In addition, the results for the year ended December 31, 2018 benefited from an increase in gross profit from new contract awards within the commercial, institutional and water and wastewater market sectors. This segment’s results included an increase in operating income of $0.6 million relating to the effect of favorable exchange rates for the British pound versus the United States dollar.
Our corporate administration operating loss was $90.4 million for 2018 compared to $87.8 million in 2017. The increase in corporate administration expenses for the year ended December 31, 2018 was due to an increase in consulting and other professional fees, primarily related to certain information technology and cybersecurity initiatives currently in process.
Non-operating items
Interest expense was $13.5 million and $12.8 million for 2018 and 2017, respectively. Interest income was $2.7 million and $1.0 million for 2018 and 2017, respectively. The increase in interest expense and interest income resulted from higher interest rates. The increase in interest expense was partially offset by the impact of reduced average outstanding borrowings.
Our 2018 income tax provision from continuing operations was $109.1 million compared to $90.7 million for 2017. The actual income tax rates on income from continuing operations before income taxes, less amounts attributable to noncontrolling interests, for the years ended December 31, 2018 and 2017, were 27.6% and 28.5%, respectively. The increase in the 2018 income tax provision was primarily due to increased income before income taxes. The decrease in the 2018 actual income tax rate was due to the net impact of the Tax Act, including the reduction of the U.S. federal corporate tax rate from 35% in 2017 to 21% in 2018, offset by the benefit associated with the re-measurement of our net deferred tax liability balance in 2017.
Liquidity and Capital Resources
The following section discusses our principal liquidity and capital resources, as well as our primary liquidity requirements and sources and uses of cash. Our cash and cash equivalents are maintained in highly liquid investments with original maturity dates of three months or less.
Our short-term liquidity requirements primarily arise from: (a) business acquisitions and joint venture investments, (b) working capital requirements, (b) business acquisitions, (c) share repurchases, (d) cash dividend payments, (d)(e) interest and principal payments related to our outstanding indebtedness, (f) capital expenditures, and (e) payment of(g) income taxes.tax payments. We can expect to meet those requirements through our cash and cash equivalent balances, cash generated from our operations, and, if necessary, the borrowing capacity available under our revolving credit facility. However, negative
macroeconomic trends, mayincluding prolonged impacts from the COVID-19 pandemic, could have an adverse effect on liquidity. Duringfuture liquidity if we experience delays in the payment of outstanding receivables beyond normal payment terms or an increase in credit losses. In addition, during economic downturns, there have typically been fewer small discretionary projects from the private sector and our competitors have aggressively bid larger long-term infrastructure and public sector contracts. Short-termOur short-term liquidity is also impacted by: (a) the type and length of construction contracts in place as performance of long duration contracts typically requires greater amounts of working capital, (b) the level of turnaround activities within our United States industrial services segment as such projects are billed in arrears pursuant to contractual terms that are standard within the industry, and (c) the billing terms of our maintenance contracts, including those within our United States and United Kingdom building services segment.segments. While we strive to negotiate favorable billing terms, which allow us to invoice in advance of costs incurred on certain of our contracts, there can be no assurance that such terms will be agreed to by our customers.
Long-termOur long-term liquidity requirements can be expected to be met initially through cash generated from operating activities and, if necessary, the borrowing capacity available under our revolving credit facility. Based upon our current credit ratings and financial position, we can also reasonably expect to be able to secure long-term debt financing whenif required to achieve our strategic objectives. Over the long term, our primary revenue risk factor continues to be the level of demand for non-residential construction andas well as building and industrial services, all of which are influenced by macroeconomic trends including interest rates and governmental economic policy. In addition, our ability to perform work is critical to meeting our long-term liquidity requirements.
WeDespite the economic uncertainty described above, we believe that our current cash and cash equivalents and the borrowing capacity available under our revolving credit facility or other forms of financingwe have sufficient financial resources available to us through borrowings, combined with cash expected to be generated frommeet our operations, will be sufficient to provide short-term and foreseeable long-term liquidity and meet our expected capital expenditure requirements.
Cash Flows
The following table presents our net cash provided by (used in) operating activities, investing activities, and financing activities for(in thousands):
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | 2020 | | 2019 | | 2018 |
| Net cash provided by operating activities | $ | 806,366 | | | $ | 355,700 | | | $ | 271,011 | |
| Net cash used in investing activities | $ | (94,863) | | | $ | (345,339) | | | $ | (117,722) | |
| Net cash used in financing activities | $ | (171,907) | | | $ | (19,247) | | | $ | (253,042) | |
| Increase (decrease) in cash, cash equivalents, and restricted cash | $ | 543,642 | | | $ | (6,294) | | | $ | (103,174) | |
For the yearsyear ended December 31, 2020, our cash balance, including cash equivalents and restricted cash, increased by approximately $543.6 million from $359.9 million at December 31, 2019 to $903.6 million at December 31, 2020. For the year ended December 31, 2019, 2018, and 2017 (in thousands):
|
| | | | | | | | | | | |
| | 2019 | | 2018 | | 2017 |
| Net cash provided by operating activities | $ | 355,700 |
| | $ | 271,011 |
| | $ | 366,049 |
|
| Net cash used in investing activities | $ | (345,339 | ) | | $ | (117,722 | ) | | $ | (138,093 | ) |
| Net cash used in financing activities | $ | (19,247 | ) | | $ | (253,042 | ) | | $ | (228,470 | ) |
| Effect of exchange rate changes on cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash | $ | 2,592 |
| | $ | (3,421 | ) | | $ | 3,242 |
|
Our consolidatedour cash balance, including cash equivalents and restricted cash decreased by approximately $6.3 million from $366.2 million at December 31, 2018 to $359.9 million at December 31, 2019. Net2018. Changes in our cash provided by operating activitiesposition can be characterized as follows:
Operating Activities – Operating cash flows generally represent our net income as adjusted for 2019 was $355.7 million compared to $271.0 million ofcertain non-cash items and changes in assets and liabilities. For 2020, net cash provided by operating activities forwas $806.4 million compared to net cash provided by operating activities of $355.7 million in 2019 and $271.0 million in 2018.
The $450.7 million increase in net cash provided by operating activities during 2020, when compared to 2019, was primarily attributable to: (a) a decline in organic revenues within all our United States reportable segments, which resulted in a net reduction in outstanding accounts receivable, primarily within our United States industrial services segment and our United States electrical construction and facilities services segment, (b) a reduction in the payment of certain non-income based taxes resulting from various government measures enacted in response to the COVID-19 pandemic, including: (i) a $102.5 million reduction in the payment of certain payroll taxes given the enactment of the Coronavirus Aid, Relief, and Economic Security Act, which provided that employers may defer payment of the employer’s portion of Social Security taxes throughout 2020, with payment of such deferred amounts due in two equal installments in December of 2021 and December of 2022, and (ii) the deferral of nearly $15.0 million in value-added tax within our United Kingdom building services segment, payment of which is substantially due in 2021, and (c) the timing of invoicing to our customers, including advanced billings on our long-term construction contracts.
For 2019 compared to 2018, the $84.7 million increase in cash provided by operating activities was primarily due to: (a) a $41.6 million increase in net income and (b) the timing of cash receipts from our customers, including paymentscustomers.
Investing Activities – Investing cash flows consist primarily of advanced billings on our long-term construction contracts. Net cash used in investing activities was $345.3 million for 2019 compared to net cash used in investing activities of $117.7 million for 2018. The increase in net cash used in investing activities was primarily due to an increase in payments for the acquisition of businesses.businesses, capital expenditures, and proceeds from the sale or disposal of property, plant, and equipment. For 2020, we utilized approximately $94.9 million of cash for investing activities compared to $345.3 million in 2019 and $117.7 million in 2018. Year-over-year fluctuations in investing cash flows were primarily driven by increases or decreases in payments for acquisitions within the respective year.
Financing Activities – Financing cash flows consist primarily of the issuance and repayment of short-term and long-term debt, repurchases of common stock, payment of dividends to stockholders, and the issuance of common stock through certain employee equity plans. Net cash used in financing activities for 2019 decreased by approximately $233.82020 was $171.9 million compared to $19.2 million in 2019 and $253.0 million in 2018.
The increase in cash used in financing activities in 2020, when compared to 2019, was primarily due to a $112.6 million increase in funds used for the repurchase of common stock and a net increase in repayments made on our revolving credit facility and term loan during 2020. The decrease in cash used for financing activities in 2019, when compared to 2018, was primarily as a result of a $216.2 million decrease in funds used for the repurchase of our common stock and $25.0 million in net borrowings made under our revolving credit facility during the 2019 period.
Our consolidated cash balance, including cash equivalents and restricted cash, decreased by approximately $103.2 million from $469.4 million at December 31, 2017 to $366.2 million at December 31, 2018. Net cash provided by operating activities for 2018 was $271.0 million compared to $366.0 million of net cash provided by operating activities for 2017. The reduction in cash flows from operating activities was primarily due to organic revenue growth, which resulted in increased working capital levels. Net cash used in investing activities was $117.7 million for 2018 compared to net cash used in investing activities of $138.1 million for 2017. The decrease in net cash used in investing activities was primarily due to a reduction in payments for acquisitions of businesses. Net cash used in financing activities for 2018 increased by approximately $24.6 million compared to 2017 primarily due to an increase in funds used for the repurchase of common stock, partially offset by reduced debt repayments compared to the prior year.2019.
Debt
We haveUntil March 2, 2020, we had a credit agreement dated as of August 3, 2016, which providesprovided for a $900.0 million revolving credit facility (the “2016 Revolving Credit Facility”) and a $400.0 million term loan (the “2016 Term Loan”) (collectively referred to as the “2016 Credit Agreement”). On March 2, 2020, we amended and restated the 2016 Credit Agreement to provide for a $1.3 billion revolving credit facility (the “2020 Revolving Credit Facility”) and a $300.0 million term loan (the “2020 Term Loan”) (collectively referred to as the “2020 Credit Agreement”) expiring August 3, 2021.March 2, 2025. We may increase the 20162020 Revolving Credit Facility to $1.3$1.9 billion if additional lenders are identified and/or existing lenders are willing to increase their current commitments. We may allocate up to $300.0$400.0 million of available capacity under the 20162020 Revolving Credit Facility to letters of credit for our account or for the account of any of our subsidiaries. Obligations
At the Company’s election, borrowings under the 2016 Credit Agreement are guaranteed by most of our direct and indirect subsidiaries and are
secured by substantially all of our assets. The 2016 Credit Agreement contains various covenants providing for, among other things, maintenance of certain financial ratios and certain limitations on payment of dividends, common stock repurchases, investments, acquisitions, indebtedness, and capital expenditures. We were in compliance with all such covenants as of December 31, 2019 and 2018. A commitment fee is payable on the average daily unused amount of the 2016 Revolving Credit Facility, which ranges from 0.15% to 0.30%, based on certain financial tests. The fee was 0.15% of the unused amount as of December 31, 2019. Borrowings under the 20162020 Credit Agreement bear interest at either: (1) a base rate plus a margin of 0.00% to 0.75%, based on certain financial tests, or (2) United States dollar LIBOR (1.80%(0.15% at December 31, 2019)2020) plus 1.00% to 1.75%, based on certain financial tests. The base rate is determined by the greater of (a) the prime commercial lending rate announced by Bank of Montreal from time to time (4.75%(3.25% at December 31, 2019)2020), (b) the federal funds effective rate, plus ½ of 1.00%, (c) the daily one month LIBOR rate, plus 1.00%, or (d) 0.00%. The interest rate in effect at December 31, 20192020 was 2.80%1.15%. A commitment fee is payable on the average daily unused amount of the 2020 Revolving Credit Facility, which ranges from 0.10% to 0.25%, based on certain financial tests. The fee was 0.10% of the unused amount as of December 31, 2020. Fees for letters of credit issued under the 20162020 Revolving Credit Facility range from 1.00%0.75% to 1.75% of the respective face amounts of outstanding letters of credit, depending on the nature of the letter of credit, and are computed based on certain financial tests.
As of December 31, 2020 and 2019, the balance of the 2020 Term Loan and the 2016 Term Loan was $270.6 million and $254.4 million, respectively. As of December 31, 2020, there were no direct borrowings outstanding under the 2020 Revolving Credit Facility; however, we had $71.3 million of letters of credit outstanding, which reduce the available capacity under such facility. As of December 31, 2019, we had $50.0 million in direct borrowings outstanding and $109.0 million of letters of credit outstanding under the 2016 Revolving Credit Facility. We capitalized an additional $3.1 million of debt issuance costs associated with the 2020 Credit Agreement. Debt issuance costs are amortized over the life of the agreement and are included as part of interest expense.
Obligations under the 2020 Credit Agreement are guaranteed by most of our direct and indirect subsidiaries and are secured by substantially all of our assets. The 2020 Credit Agreement contains various covenants providing for, among other things, the maintenance of certain financial ratios and certain limitations on the payment of dividends, common stock repurchases, investments, acquisitions, indebtedness, and capital expenditures. We were in compliance with all such covenants as of December 31, 2020 with respect to the 2020 Credit Agreement and, as of December 31, 2019, with respect to the 2016 Term Loan previouslyCredit Agreement.
We are required us to make annual principal payments of $5.0 million on the last day of March, June,2020 Term Loan. On September and December of each year, which commenced with the calendar quarter ended December 31, 2016. On December 30, 2016,2020, we made a payment of $100.0 million, of which $5.0 million represented our required quarterly payment and $95.0 million represented avoluntary prepayment of outstanding principal. Such prepayment$22.5 million, which was applied against the remaining mandatory quarterlyour scheduled payments on a ratable basis. As a result, commencing with the calendar quarter ended MarchPrincipal payments of $13.9 million are due on December 31 2017, our required quarterly payment has been reduced to $3.8 million.of each subsequent year. All unpaid principal and interest is due on August 3, 2021. AsMarch 2, 2025.
Share Repurchase Program and Dividends
OnIn September 26, 2011, our Board of Directors (the “Board”) authorized a share repurchase program allowing us to repurchase up to $100.0 millionbegin repurchasing shares of our outstanding common stock. Subsequently, the Board has from time to time increased the amount of our common stock that we may repurchase.repurchase under such program. Since the inception of the repurchase program, the Board has authorized us to repurchase up to $950.0 million$1.15 billion of our outstanding common stock. NoDuring the year ended December 31, 2020, we repurchased approximately 1.7 million shares of our common stock were repurchased during the year ended December 31, 2019.for approximately $112.6 million. Since the inception of the repurchase program through December 31, 20192020, we have repurchased approximately 15.917.5 million shares of our common stock for approximately $791.5$904.0 million. As of December 31, 2019,2020, there remained authorization for us to repurchase approximately $158.5$246.0 million of our shares. The repurchase program has no expiration date, does not obligate the Company to acquire any particular amount of common stock, and may be suspended, recommenced, or discontinued at any time or from time to time without prior notice. We may repurchase our shares from time to time to the extent permitted by securities laws and other legal requirements, including provisions in our 20162020 Credit Agreement placing limitations on such repurchases. The repurchase program has been and will be funded from our operations.
We have paid quarterly dividends since October 25, 2011. We currently paypaid a regular quarterly dividend of $0.08 per share.share throughout 2020. In December 2020, our Board of Directors announced its intention to increase the regular quarterly dividend to $0.13 per share commencing with the dividend to be paid in the first quarter of 2021. Our 20162020 Credit Agreement places limitations on the payment of dividends on our common stock. However, we do not believe that the terms of such agreement currently materially limit our ability to pay a quarterly dividend of $0.08$0.13 per share for the foreseeable future. The payment of dividends has been and will be funded from our operations.
Off Balance Sheet Arrangements and Other Commitments
The terms of our construction contracts frequently require that we obtain from surety companies (“Surety Companies”), and provide to our customers, payment and performance bonds (“Surety Bonds”) as a condition to the award of such contracts. Surety Bonds are issued in return for premiums, which vary depending on the size and type of the bond, and secure our payment and performance obligations under such contracts. We have agreed to indemnify the Surety Companies for amounts, if any, paid by them in respect of Surety Bonds issued on our behalf. Public sector contracts require Surety Bonds more frequently than private sector contracts and, accordingly, our bonding requirements typically increase as the amount of our public sector work increases. In addition, at the request of labor unions representing certain of our employees, Surety Bonds are sometimes provided to secure obligations for wages and benefits payable to or for such employees. As of December 31, 2019,2020, based on the percentage-of-completion of our projects covered by Surety Bonds, our aggregate estimated exposure, assuming defaults on all our then existing contractual obligations, was approximately $1.2$1.3 billion, which represents approximately 30%29% of our total remaining performance obligations. In addition, Surety Bonds are sometimes provided to secure obligations for wages and benefits payable to or for certain of our employees, at the request of labor unions representing such employees, or as collateral for certain insurance obligations. As of December 31, 2020, we satisfied approximately $37.5 million of the collateral requirements of our insurance programs by utilizing Surety Bonds. We are not aware of any losses in connection with Surety Bonds whichthat have been posted on our behalf, and we do not expect to incur significant losses in the foreseeable future.
From time to time, we discuss with our current and other Surety Bond providers the amounts of Surety Bonds that may be available to us based on our financial strength and the absence of any default by us on any Surety Bond issued on our behalf and believe those amounts are currently adequate for our needs. However, if we experience changes in our bonding relationships or if there are adverse changes in the surety industry, we may (a) seek to satisfy certain customer requests for Surety Bonds by posting other forms of collateral in lieu of Surety Bonds, such as letters of credit, parent company guarantees, or cash, in order to convince
customers to forego the requirement for Surety Bonds, (b) increase our activities in our business segments that rarely require Surety Bonds, such as our building and industrial services segments, and/or (c) refrain from bidding for certain projects that require Surety Bonds. There can be no assurance that we would be able to effectuate alternatives to providing Surety Bonds to our customers or to obtain, on favorable terms, sufficient additional work that does not require Surety Bonds. Accordingly, if we were to experience a reduction in the availability of Surety Bonds, we could experience a material adverse effect on our financial position, results of operations and/or cash flows.
In the ordinary course of business, we, at times, guarantee obligations of our subsidiaries under certain contracts. Generally, we are liable under such an arrangement only if our subsidiary fails to perform its obligations under the contract. Historically, we have not incurred any substantial liabilities as a consequence of these guarantees.
We do not have any other material financial guarantees or off-balance sheet arrangements other than those disclosed herein.
Contractual Obligations
The following is a summary of material contractual obligations and other commercial commitments (in millions):
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | Payments Due by Period |
Contractual Obligations | Total | | Less than 1 year | | 1-3
years | | 3-5
years | | After
5 years |
Term Loan (including interest at 1.15%) (1) | $ | 282.6 | | | $ | 17.0 | | | $ | 33.6 | | | $ | 232.0 | | | $ | — | |
| Finance leases | 10.4 | | | 4.2 | | | 4.6 | | | 1.5 | | | 0.1 | |
| Operating leases | 291.2 | | | 61.8 | | | 93.7 | | | 58.8 | | | 76.9 | |
Open purchase obligations (2) | 1,304.6 | | | 1,117.1 | | | 186.7 | | | 0.8 | | | — | |
Other long-term obligations, including current portion (3) | 486.1 | | | 124.5 | | | 351.4 | | | 10.2 | | | — | |
| Total Contractual Obligations | $ | 2,374.9 | | | $ | 1,324.6 | | | $ | 670.0 | | | $ | 303.3 | | | $ | 77.0 | |
| | | | | | | | | | |
|
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | Payments Due by Period |
Contractual Obligations | Total | | Less than 1 year | | 1-3 years | | 3-5 years | | After 5 years |
Revolving credit facility (including interest at 2.80%) (1) | $ | 52.3 |
| | $ | 1.4 |
| | $ | 50.9 |
| | $ | — |
| | $ | — |
|
Term Loan (including interest at 2.80%) (1) | 265.5 |
| | 22.3 |
| | 243.2 |
| | — |
| | — |
|
| Finance leases | 10.2 |
| | 4.4 |
| | 4.8 |
| | 0.9 |
| | 0.1 |
|
| Operating leases | 297.1 |
| | 62.5 |
| | 92.7 |
| | 61.2 |
| | 80.7 |
|
Open purchase obligations (2) | 1,212.7 |
| | 1,045.0 |
| | 167.1 |
| | 0.6 |
| | — |
|
Other long-term obligations, including current portion (3) | 402.6 |
| | 69.3 |
| | 323.5 |
| | 9.8 |
| | — |
|
| Total Contractual Obligations | $ | 2,240.4 |
| | $ | 1,204.9 |
| | $ | 882.2 |
| | $ | 72.5 |
| | $ | 80.8 |
|
| | | | | | | | | | |
|
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | Amount of Commitment Expirations by Period |
| Other Commercial Commitments | Total Amounts Committed | | Less than 1 year | | 1-3 years | | 3-5 years | | After 5 years |
| Letters of credit | $ | 109.0 |
| | $ | 109.0 |
| | $ | — |
| | $ | — |
| | $ | — |
|
| | | | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | Amount of Commitment Expirations by Period |
| Other Commercial Commitments | Total
Amounts
Committed | | Less
than
1 year | | 1-3 years | | 3-5
years | | After
5 years |
| Letters of credit | $ | 71.3 | | | $ | 71.3 | | | $ | — | | | $ | — | | | $ | — | |
| | | | | | | | | | |
_________________
| |
(1) | On August 3, 2016, we entered into a $900.0 million revolving credit facility (the “2016 Revolving Credit Facility”) and a $400.0 million term loan (the “2016 Term Loan”) (collectively referred to as the “2016 Credit Agreement”). As of December 31, 2019, the amount outstanding under the 2016 Term Loan was $254.4 million. As of December 31, 2019, there were borrowings outstanding of $50.0 million under the 2016 Revolving Credit Facility. |
| |
(2) | Represents open purchase orders for material and subcontracting costs related to construction and services contracts. These purchase orders are not reflected in EMCOR’s Consolidated Balance Sheets and should not impact future cash flows as amounts should be recovered through customer billings. |
| |
(3) | Primarily represents insurance related liabilities, and liabilities for deferred income taxes, incentive compensation and deferred compensation, classified as other long-term liabilities in the Consolidated Balance Sheets. Cash payments for insurance and deferred compensation related liabilities may be payable beyond three years, however it is not practical to estimate these payments; therefore, these liabilities are reflected in the 1-3 years payment period. We provide funding to our post retirement plans based on at least the minimum funding required by applicable regulations. In determining the minimum required funding, we utilize current actuarial assumptions and exchange rates to forecast amounts that may be payable for up to five years in the future. In our judgment, minimum funding estimates beyond a five year time horizon cannot be reliably estimated and, therefore, have not been included in the table. |
(1) As of December 31, 2020, the amount outstanding under the 2020 Term Loan was $270.6 million. There were no direct borrowings outstanding under the 2020 Revolving Credit Facility.
(2) Represents open purchase orders for material and subcontracting costs related to construction and services contracts. These purchase orders are not reflected in the Consolidated Balance Sheets and should not impact future cash flows as amounts should be recovered through customer billings.
(3) Primarily represents insurance related liabilities, and liabilities for deferred income taxes, incentive compensation and deferred compensation, classified as other long-term obligations in the Consolidated Balance Sheets. Cash payments for insurance and deferred compensation related liabilities may be payable beyond three years, however it is not practical to estimate these payments; therefore, these liabilities are reflected in the 1-3 years payment period. Amounts also include the employer portion of Social Security taxes, which have been deferred pursuant to the Coronavirus Aid, Relief, and Economic Security Act, and are payable in two equal installments in December of 2021 and December of 2022. Such deferred payroll taxes are classified as either accrued payroll and benefits or other long-term obligations in the Consolidated Balance Sheet as of December 31, 2020. We provide funding to our post retirement plans based on at least the minimum funding required by applicable regulations. In determining the minimum required funding, we utilize current actuarial assumptions and exchange rates to forecast amounts that may be payable for up to five years in the future. In our judgment, minimum funding estimates beyond a five year time horizon cannot be reliably estimated and, therefore, have not been included in the table.
Legal Proceedings
We are a party to lawsuits and otherinvolved in several legal proceedings in which other parties seek to recover amounts fromdamages and claims have been asserted against us. While litigation is subject to many uncertainties and the outcome of litigation is not predictable with assurance, we do not believe that any such matters will have a material adverse effect on our financial position, results of operations or liquidity.
Certain Insurance Matters
As of December 31, 20192020 and 2018,2019, we utilized approximately $71.2 million of letters of credit obtained under our 2020 Revolving Credit Facility and $108.9 million of letters of credit obtained under our 2016 Revolving Credit Facility, respectively, as collateral for insurance obligations. As of December 31, 2020, we satisfied an additional $37.5 million of these collateral requirements by utilizing Surety Bonds.
New Accounting Pronouncements
We review new accounting standards to determine the expected impact, if any, that the adoption of such standards will have on our financial position and/or results of operations. See Note 2 - Summary of Significant Accounting Policies of the notes to consolidated financial statements included in Item 8. Financial Statements and Supplementary Data for further information regarding new accounting standards, including the anticipated dates of adoption and the effects on our consolidated financial position, results of operations or liquidity.
Application of Critical Accounting Policies
Our consolidated financial statements are based on the application of significant accounting policies, which require management to make significant estimates and assumptions. Our significant accounting policies are described in Note 2 - Summary of Significant Accounting Policies of the notes to consolidated financial statements included in Item 8. Financial Statements and Supplementary Data of this Form 10-K. We believe that some of the more critical judgmentsubjective areas in the application of accounting policies that affect our financial condition and results of operations are the impact of changes in the estimates and judgments pertaining to: (a) revenue recognition from contracts with customers; (b) collectibilitycollectability or valuation of accounts receivable;receivable and the associated allowance for credit losses; (c) insurance liabilities; (d) income taxes; and (e) goodwill, and identifiable intangible assets, and other long-lived assets.
Revenue Recognition from Contracts with Customers
We believe our most critical accounting policy is revenue recognition in accordance with Accounting Standards Codification Topic 606, “Revenue from Contracts with Customers” (“ASC 606”). In accordance with ASC 606, therecognition. The Company recognizes revenue by applying the following five step model: (1) identify the contract with a customer, (2) identify the performance obligations in the contract, (3) determine the transaction price, (4) allocate the transaction price to performance obligations in the contract, and (5) recognize revenue as performance obligations are satisfied.
The Company recognizes revenue at the time the related performance obligation is satisfied by transferring a promised good or service to its customers. A good or service is considered to be transferred when the customer obtains control. The Company can transfer control of a good or service and satisfy its performance obligations either over time or at a point in time. The Company transfers control of a good or service over time and, therefore, satisfies a performance obligation and recognizes revenue over time if one of the following three criteria are met: (a) the customer simultaneously receives and consumes the benefits provided by the Company’s performance as we perform, (b) the Company’s performance creates or enhances an asset that the customer controls as the asset is created or enhanced, or (c) the Company’s performance does not create an asset with an alternative use to us, and we have an enforceable right to payment for performance completed to date.
For our performance obligations satisfied over time, we recognize revenue by measuring the progress toward complete satisfaction of that performance obligation. The selection of the method to measure progress towards completion can be either an input method or an output method and requires judgment based on the nature of the goods or services to be provided.
For our construction contracts, revenue is generally recognized over time as our performance creates or enhances an asset that the customer controls as it is created or enhanced. Our fixed price construction projects generally use a cost-to-cost input method to measure our progress towards complete satisfaction of the performance obligation as we believe it best depicts the transfer of control to the customer which occurs as we incur costs on our contracts. Under the cost-to-cost measure of progress, the extent of progress towards completion is measured based on the ratio of costs incurred to date to the total estimated costs at completion of the performance obligation. For our unit price construction contracts, progress towards complete satisfaction is measured through an output method, such as the amount of units produced or delivered, when our performance does not produce significant amounts of work in process or finished goods prior to complete satisfaction of such performance obligations.
For our services contracts, revenue is also generally recognized over time as the customer simultaneously receives and consumes the benefits of our performance as we perform the service. For our fixed price service contracts with specified service periods, revenue is generally recognized on a straight-line basis over such service period when our inputs are expended evenly, and the customer receives and consumes the benefits of our performance throughout the contract term.
The timing of revenue recognition for the manufacturing of new build heat exchangers within our United States industrial services segment depends on the payment terms of the contract, as our performance does not create an asset with an alternative use to us. For those contracts for which we have a right to payment for performance completed to date at all times throughout our performance,
inclusive of a cancellation, we recognize revenue over time. For these performance obligations, we use a cost-to-cost input method to measure our progress towards complete satisfaction of the performance obligation as we believe it best depicts the transfer of control to the customer which occurs as we incur costs on our contracts. However, for those contracts for which we do not have a right, at all times, to payment for performance completed to date, we recognize revenue at the point in time when control is transferred to the customer. For bill-and-hold arrangements, revenue is recognized when the customer obtains control of the heat exchanger, which may be prior to shipping, if certain recognition criteria are met.
For certain of our revenue streams, such as call-out repair and service work, outage services, refinery turnarounds and specialty welding services that are performed under time and materials contracts, our progress towards complete satisfaction of such performance obligations is measured using an output method as the customer receives and consumes the benefits of our performance completed to date.
Due to uncertainties inherent in the estimation process, it is possible that estimates of costs to complete a performance obligation will be revised in the near-term. For those performance obligations for which revenue is recognized using a cost-to-cost input method, changes in total estimated costs, and related progress towards complete satisfaction of the performance obligation, are recognized on a cumulative catch-up basis in the period in which the revisions to the estimates are made. When the current estimate of total costs for a performance obligation indicate a loss, a provision for the entire estimated loss on the unsatisfied performance obligation is made in the period in which the loss becomes evident. During each of the years ended December 31, 2020 and 2019, there were no changes in total estimated costs that had a significant impact on our operating results. DuringFor the year ended December 31, 2018, we recognized losses of $10.0 million related to a change in total estimated costs on a transportation project within our United States electrical construction and facilities services segment, resulting in part from contract scope issues. There were no other changes in total estimated costs that resulted in a significant impact to our operating results for the year ended December 31, 2018.
The timing of revenue recognition may differ from the timing of invoicing to customers. Contract assets include unbilled amounts from our long-term construction projects when revenues recognized under the cost-to-cost measure of progress exceed the amounts invoiced to our customers, as the amounts cannot be billed under the terms of our contracts. Such amounts are recoverable from our customers based upon various measures of performance, including achievement of certain milestones, completion of specified units, or completion of a contract. In addition, many of our time and materials arrangements, as well as our contracts to perform turnaround services within the United States industrial services segment, are billed in arrears pursuant to contract terms that are standard within the industry, resulting in contract assets and/or unbilled receivables being recorded as revenue is recognized in advance of billings. Also included in contract assets are amounts we seek or will seek to collect from customers or others for errors or changes in contract specifications or design, contract change orders or modifications in dispute or unapproved as to scope and/or price, or other customer-related causes of unanticipated additional contract costs (claims and unapproved change orders). Our contract assets do not include capitalized costs to obtain and fulfill a contract. Contract assets are generally classified as current within the Consolidated Balance Sheets.
As of December 31, 20192020 and 2018,2019, contract assets included unbilled revenues for unapproved change orders of approximately $33.1$15.3 million and $25.2$33.1 million, respectively. As of December 31, 20192020 and 2018,2019, there were no claim amounts included within contract assets or accounts receivable. There were contractually billed amounts and retention related to contracts with unapproved change orders and claims of approximately $89.0$87.9 million and $96.1$89.0 million as of December 31, 20192020 and 2018,2019, respectively. For contracts in claim status, contractually billed amounts will generally not be paid by the customer to us until final resolution of the related claims.
Contract liabilities from our long-term construction contracts arise when amounts invoiced to our customers exceed revenues recognized under the cost-to-cost measure of progress. Contract liabilities additionally include advanced payments from our customers on certain contracts. Contract liabilities decrease as we recognize revenue from the satisfaction of the related performance obligation and are recorded as either current or long-term, depending upon when we expect to recognize such revenue. The long-term portion of contract liabilities is included in “Other long-term obligations” in the Consolidated Balance Sheets.
See Note 3 - Revenue from Contracts with Customers of the notes to consolidated financial statements included in Item 8. Financial Statements and Supplementary Data for further disclosure regarding revenue recognition.
Accounts Receivable and Allowance for Credit Losses
Accounts receivable are recognized in the period we deliver goods or provide services to our customers or when our right to consideration is unconditional. We are required to estimate the collectibility of accounts receivable.The Company maintains an allowance for credit losses. A considerable amount of judgment is required when determining expected credit losses. Estimates of such losses are recorded when we believe a customer, or group of customers, may not be able to meet their financial obligations due to deterioration in assessing the likelihood of realization of receivables.financial condition or credit rating. Relevant assessment factors include the creditworthiness of the customer, our prior collection history with our customers, the customer and related aging of the past due balances. The provision for doubtfulbalances, projections of credit losses based on historical trends in credit quality indicators or past events, and forecasts of future economic conditions. In addition to monitoring delinquent accounts, during 2019, 2018,management reviews the credit quality of its receivables by, among other things, obtaining credit ratings of significant customers, assessing economic and 2017 amountedmarket conditions, and evaluating material changes to approximately $2.6 million, $2.1 milliona customer’s business, cash flows , and $7.3 million, respectively. financial condition.
At December 31, 20192020 and 2018,2019, our accounts receivable of $2,030.8$1,922.1 million and $1,773.6$2,030.8 million,,
respectively, were recorded net of allowances for doubtful accountscredit losses of $14.5$18.0 million and $15.4$14.5 million,, respectively. The decrease inDue to the economic disruption caused by the COVID-19 pandemic, our allowance for doubtful accounts was primarily due tocredit losses increased based on our evaluation of: (a) specific outstanding balances and (b) forecasts of future economic conditions and the write-off of previously reserved accounts receivable. Specific accounts receivable are evaluated when we believe aexpected impact on customer may not be able to meet its financial obligations due to the deterioration of its financial condition or itscollections. Allowances for credit ratings. The allowance for doubtful accounts requirementslosses are based on the best facts available and are re-evaluatedreassessed and adjusted on a regular basis as additional information is received. Should anticipated collections fail to materialize, or if future economic conditions compare unfavorably to our forecasts, we could experience an increase in our allowances for credit losses. The provision for our credit losses during 2020, 2019, and 2018 amounted to approximately $3.3 million, $2.6 million, and $2.1 million, respectively.
Insurance Liabilities
We have loss payment deductibles for certain workers’ compensation, automobile liability, general liability and property claims, have self-insured retentions for certain other casualty claims and are self-insured for employee-related healthcare claims. In addition, we maintain a wholly-owned captive insurance subsidiary to manage certain of our insurance liabilities. Losses are recorded based upon estimates of our liability for claims incurred and for claims incurred but not reported. The liabilities are derived from known facts, historical trends and industry averages utilizing the assistance of an independent third-party actuary to determine the best estimate for the majority of these obligations. We believe the liabilities recognized on the Consolidated Balance Sheets for these obligations are adequate. However, such obligations are difficult to assess and estimate due to numerous factors, including severity of injury, determination of liability in proportion to other parties, timely reporting of occurrences and effectiveness of safety and risk management programs. Therefore, if our actual experience differs from the assumptions and estimates used for recording the liabilities, adjustments may be required and will be recorded in the period that the experience becomes known. Our estimated net insurance liabilities for workers’ compensation, automobile liability, general liability and property claims increased by $7.8$2.8 million for the year ended December 31, 20192020 compared to the year ended December 31, 2018,2019, partially as asa result of greater potential exposures, including the impact of acquired companies. If our estimated insurance liabilities for workers’ compensation, automobile liability, general liability and property claims were to increase by 10%, it would have resulted in $17.0$17.2 million of additional expense for the year ended December 31, 2019.2020.
Income Taxes
We had net deferredDeferred income tax assets and liabilities at December 31, 2019 and 2018are recognized for the expected future tax consequences of $71.7 million and $70.8 million, respectively, primarily resulting fromtemporary differences between the carrying valuefinancial statement and income tax basisbases of certain identifiable intangible assets goodwill, and depreciable fixed assets, which will impact our taxable income in future periods. Included within these net deferred income tax liabilities are $176.2 million and $104.1 million of deferred income tax assets as of December 31, 2019 and 2018, respectively. A valuation allowance is required when it is more likely than not that all or a portion of a deferred income tax asset will not be realized. As of December 31, 2019 and 2018, the total valuation allowance on deferred income tax assets, related to statewell as for net operating loss carryforwards, was approximately $3.5 million and $3.9 million, respectively.tax credit carryforwards. Deferred income taxes are valued using enacted tax rates expected to be in effect when income taxes are paid or recovered, with the effect of a change in tax laws or rates recognized in the statement of operations in the period in which such change is enacted. The ultimate realization of deferred income tax assets is dependent upon the generation of future taxable income during the periods in which those temporary differences become deductible. Deferred income taxes are recorded net of a valuation allowance when it is more likely than not that all or a portion of a deferred tax asset will not be realized. In making such determination, we consider all available evidence, including projections of future taxable income, tax-planning strategies, and recent results of operations.
At December 31, 2020 and 2019, we had net deferred income tax liabilities of $29.4 million and $71.7 million, respectively, primarily resulting from differences between the carrying value and income tax bases of certain identifiable intangible assets, goodwill, and depreciable fixed assets. Included within these net deferred income tax liabilities are $217.1 million and $176.2 million of deferred income tax assets as of December 31, 2020 and 2019, respectively. The total valuation allowance on deferred income tax assets, primarily related to state net operating loss carryforwards, was approximately $3.9 million and $3.5 million as of December 31, 2020 and 2019, respectively. Based on our taxable income, which has generally exceeded the amount of our net deferred tax asset balance, andas well as current projections of future taxable income, we have determined that it is more likely than not that theour net deferred income tax assets will be realized. However, revisions to our forecasts or declining macroeconomic conditions could result in changes to our assessment of the realization of these deferred tax assets.
Goodwill, and Identifiable Intangible Assets, and Other Long-Lived Assets
Goodwill
As of December 31, 2020 and 2019, we had $1,063.9goodwill of $851.8 million and $611.4$1,063.9 million,, respectively, of goodwill and net identifiable intangible assets (primarily consisting of our contract backlog, developed technology/vendor network, customer relationships, and trade names) arising out of the acquisition of companies.businesses. Goodwill is not amortized but instead allocated to its respective reporting unit and evaluated for impairment annually, or more frequently if events or circumstances indicate that the carrying amount of goodwill may be impaired. We have determined that our reporting units are consistent with the reportable segments identified in Note 19 - Segment Information included in Item 8. Financial Statements and Supplementary Data. As of December 31, 2018, goodwill and net identifiable intangible assets were $990.9 million and $488.3 million, respectively. As of December 31, 2019,2020, approximately 13.4%16.7% of our goodwill related to our United States electrical construction and facilities services segment, approximately 28.1%35.2% related to our United States mechanical construction and facilities services segment, approximately 27.2%35.5% related to our United States building services segment, and approximately 31.3%12.6% related to our United States industrial services segment. The changes to goodwill since December 31, 2018 were the result of acquisitions completed in 2019 and purchase price adjustments related to acquisitions completed in the fourth quarter of 2018. The determination of related estimated useful lives for identifiable intangible assets and whether those assets are impaired involves significant judgments based upon short and long-term projections of future performance. These forecasts reflect assumptions regarding the ability to successfully integrate acquired companies, as well as macroeconomic conditions. Accounting Standards Codification Topic 350, “Intangibles – Goodwill and Other” (“ASC 350”) requires that goodwill and other identifiable intangible assets with indefinite useful lives not be amortized, but instead be tested at least annually for impairment (which we test each October 1, absent
Absent any earlier identified impairment indicators), andindicators, we perform our annual goodwill impairment assessment on October 1 each fiscal year. Qualitative indicators that may trigger the need for interim quantitative impairment testing include, among others, a deterioration in macroeconomic conditions, declining financial performance, deterioration in the operational environment, or an expectation of selling or disposing of a portion of a reporting unit. Additionally, an interim impairment test may be written down if impaired. ASC 350 requires that goodwill be allocated to its respective reporting unit and that identifiable intangible assets with finite lives be amortized over their useful lives.
We test for impairmenttriggered by a significant change in business climate, a loss of our goodwill at the reporting unit level. Our reporting units are consistent with the reportable segments identifieda significant customer, increased competition, or a sustained decrease in Note 19, “Segment Information”, of the notes to consolidated financial statements included in Item 8. Financial Statements and Supplementary Data.share price. In assessing whether our goodwill is impaired, we compare the fair value of the reporting unit to its carrying amount, including goodwill. If the fair value exceeds the carrying amount, no impairment loss is recognized. However, if the carrying amount of the reporting unit exceeds the fair value, the goodwill of the reporting unit is impaired and an impairment loss in the amount of the excess is recognized and charged to operations. The fair value
Our operations were significantly impacted by the COVID-19 pandemic starting with the second quarter of each of our reporting units is generally determined using discounted estimated future cash flows; however, in certain circumstances, consideration is given to2020. During the same period, the demand for oil significantly deteriorated as a market approach whereby fair value is measured based on a multiple of earnings.
Asresult of the datepandemic and the corresponding preventative measures taken around the world to mitigate the spread of our latest impairment test (October 1, 2019), the carrying valuesvirus, including various local, state, and national jurisdictional “shelter-in-place” orders. Further, other macroeconomic events, including the escalation of our United States electrical constructiongeopolitical tensions between the Organization of Petroleum Exporting Countries (OPEC) and facilities services segment, our United States mechanical constructionRussia, resulted in a significant drop in the price of crude oil. These negative factors created significant volatility and facilities services segment, our United States building services segment anduncertainty in the markets in which our United States industrial services segment operates, resulting in a significant decrease in the demand for our service offerings. Consequently, in the second quarter of 2020, we revised our near-term revenue and operating margin expectations for our United States industrial services segment and concluded that a triggering event had occurred which indicated it was more likely than not that the fair value of our United States industrial services segment was less than its carrying amount.
Accordingly, we performed a quantitative goodwill impairment test and determined the fair value of our United States industrial services segment using an income approach whereby fair value was calculated utilizing discounted estimated future cash flows, assuming a risk-adjusted industry weighted average cost of capital of 12.0%. Such weighted average cost of capital was developed with the assistance of an independent third-party valuation specialist and reflected the overall level of inherent risk within the business and the rate of return a market participant would expect to earn as of the interim date. Cash flow projections were approximately $331.0derived from internal forecasts of anticipated revenue growth rates and operating margins, updated for the events discussed above, with cash flows beyond the discrete forecast period estimated using a terminal value calculation which incorporated historical and forecasted trends, an estimate of long-term growth rates, and assumptions about the future demand for our services. The perpetual growth rate utilized in the interim terminal value calculation was 2.0%.
Based on the outcome of our interim goodwill impairment test, we concluded that the carrying amount of our United States industrial services segment exceeded its fair value, resulting in the recognition of a non-cash goodwill impairment charge of $225.5 million, $369.5 million, $546.8 millionwhich is included within our results of operations for the year ended December 31, 2020. We did not identify impairment indicators related to any other reporting unit that would have required an interim impairment assessment.
As of October 1, 2020, we performed our annual impairment assessment of all reporting units and $705.2 million, respectively. Thedetermined there was no incremental impairment of goodwill. Based on these latest impairment assessments, the fair values of our United States electrical construction and facilities services segment, our United States mechanical construction and facilities services segment, our United States building services segment, and our United States industrial services segment exceeded their carrying values by approximately $1,321.8$946.5 million, $2,011.5$1,682.2 million, $922.3$715.8 million, and $40.5$18.9 million, respectively.
ForConsistent with the years ended December 31, 2019 and 2018, nomethodology applied in our interim impairment test, we determined the fair value of each of our goodwillreporting units using an income approach whereby fair value was recognized. As partcalculated utilizing discounted estimated future cash flows, assuming a risk-adjusted industry weighted average cost of our annual impairment testing for the year ended December 31, 2017, and as a result of continued adverse market conditions, we tempered our expectations regarding the strength of a near-term recovery within our United States industrial services segment, resulting in a non-cash impairment charge of $57.5 million.
capital. The weighted average cost of capital used in our annual impairment testing for impairment as of October 1, 2019 was 9.5%10.6%, 9.1%10.4%, and 10.5%11.6% for our domesticUnited States construction segments, our United States building services segment, and our United States industrial services segment, respectively. These weighted average cost of capital estimates were developed with the assistance of an independent third-party valuation specialist and reflect the overall level of inherent risk within the respective reporting unit and the rate of return a market participant would expect to earn.
Our cash flow projections were derived from our most recent internal forecasts of anticipated revenue growth rates and operating margins, with cash flows beyond the discrete forecast period estimated using a terminal value calculation which incorporated historical and forecasted trends, an estimate of long-term growth rates, and assumptions about the future demand for our services. The perpetual growth rate used for our annual testing was 2.7%2.0% for all of our domestic segments.reporting units.
Due to the inherent uncertainties involved in making estimates, our assumptions may change in future periods. Estimates and assumptions made for purposes of our goodwill impairment testing may prove to be inaccurate predictions of the future, and other factors used in assessing fair value, such as the weighted average cost of capital, are outside the control of management. Unfavorable changes in certain of these key assumptions may affect future testing results. For example, keeping all other assumptions constant, a 50 basis point increase in the weighted average costscost of capital would cause the estimated fair values of our United States electrical construction and facilities services segment, our United States mechanical construction and facilities services segment, our United States building services segment, and our United States industrial services segment to decrease by approximately $108.8$63.3 million, $156.7$115.9 million, $98.0$69.9 million, and $40.3$23.2 million, respectively. In addition, keeping all other assumptions constant, a 50 basis point reduction in the perpetual growth rate would cause the estimated fair values of our United States electrical construction and facilities services segment, our United States mechanical construction and facilities services segment, our United States building services segment, and our United States industrial services segment to decrease by approximately $61.4$31.0 million, $90.5$58.9 million, $55.7$33.5 million, and $20.5$9.7 million, respectively. Given the amounts by which the fair value exceeds the carrying value for each of our reporting units other than our United States industrial services segment, the decreases in estimated fair values described above would not have significantly impacted the results of our 2019 impairment test.tests. In the case of our United States industrial services segment, however, such decreases would cause the estimated fair value of such reporting unit to approachapproximate its carrying value.
We alsoFor the years ended December 31, 2019 and 2018, no impairment of our goodwill was recognized.
Identifiable Intangible Assets and Other Long-Lived Assets
As of December 31, 2020 and 2019, net identifiable intangible assets (primarily consisting of our contract backlog, developed technology/vendor network, customer relationships, and subsidiary trade names) arising out of the acquisition of businesses were $582.9 million and $611.4 million, respectively. The determination of related estimated useful lives for identifiable intangible assets and whether those assets are impaired involves significant judgments based upon short and long-term projections of future performance. These forecasts reflect assumptions regarding anticipated macroeconomic conditions as well as our ability to successfully integrate acquired businesses.
Absent earlier indicators of impairment, we test for the impairment of subsidiary trade names that are not subject to amortization by calculatingon an annual basis (October 1). In performing this test, we calculate the fair value of each trade name using the “relief from royalty payments” methodology. This approach involves two steps: (a) estimating reasonable royalty rates for each trade name and (b) applying these royalty rates to a net revenue stream and discounting the resulting cash flows to determine fair value. This fair value is then compared with the carrying value of each trade name. If the carrying amount of the trade name is greater than the implied fair value of the trade name, an impairment in the amount of the excess is recognized and charged to operations. For the years ended December 31, 2019 and 2018, no impairment of our indefinite-lived trade names was recognized. The annual impairment review of our indefinite-lived trade names for the year ended December 31, 2017 resulted in a $0.3 million non-cash impairment charge as a result of a change in the fair value of a subsidiary trade name associated with a prior acquisition reported within our United States building services segment.
In addition, we review for the impairment of other identifiable intangible assets that are being amortized as well as other long-lived assets whenever facts and circumstances indicate that their carrying values may not be fully recoverable. This test compares their carrying values to the undiscounted pre-tax cash flows expected to result from the use of the assets. If the assets are impaired, the assets are written down to their fair values, generally determined based on their discounted estimated future cash flows.
Given the negative market conditions disclosed above, we also evaluated certain of our identifiable intangible assets and other long-lived assets for impairment during the second quarter of 2020. Such assets included those associated with the businesses in our United States industrial services segment and certain businesses within our United States electrical construction and facilities services segment whose results are also highly dependent on the strength of the oil and gas industry. As a result of these assessments, we recorded non-cash impairment charges of $7.3 million, which have been included within our results of operations for the year ended December 31, 2020. Of this amount, $4.8 million related to our United States industrial services segment and was comprised of: (a) a $4.2 million subsidiary trade name impairment and (b) a $0.6 million impairment on certain other long-lived assets. The remaining $2.5 million represented a subsidiary trade name impairment within our United States electrical construction and facilities services segment.
As of October 1, 2020, we performed our annual impairment testing of all subsidiary trade names that are not subject to amortization and determined that there was no incremental impairment of these assets. For the years ended December 31, 2019 and 2017,2018, no impairment of our otherindefinite-lived trade names was recognized.
With respect to identifiable intangible assets that are being amortized as well as other long-lived assets, we did not identify any further circumstances indicating that their carrying values may not be fully recoverable and, therefore, no additional impairment testing was recognized.required for these assets during the year ended December 31, 2020. For the year ended December 31, 2018, we2019, no impairment of our finite-lived intangible assets or other long-lived assets was recognized. We recorded a $0.9 million non-cash impairment charge associated with a finite-lived trade name within our United States industrial services segment.segment during the year ended December 31, 2018.
We have certain businesses, particularly within our United States industrial services segment, whose results are highly impacted by the demand for some of our offerings within the industrial and oil and gas markets. Future performance of this segment, along with a continued evaluation of the conditions of its end user markets, will be important to ongoing impairment assessments. Should this segment’s actual results suffer aOther Considerationsdecline or expected future results be revised downward, the risk of goodwill impairment or impairment of other identifiable intangible assets would increase.
Our development of the discounted future cash flow projections used inAs referenced above, impairment testing is based upon assumptions and estimates determined by management from a review of our operating results and business plans as well as forecasts of anticipated growth rates and margins, among other considerations. In addition, estimates of the weighted average costcosts of capital for each reporting unit are developed with the assistance of aan independent third-party valuation specialist. ThoseThese assumptions and estimates canmay change in future periods, and other factors usedespecially in assessing fair value, such as interest rates, are outside the control of management. There can be no assurance that estimates and assumptions made for purposes of our goodwill and identifiable intangible asset impairment testing will prove to be accurate predictionsconsideration of the future. Ifuncertainty created by the COVID-19 pandemic and its continued impact on the broader economy and our assumptions regarding future business performance including anticipated growth rates and margins are not achieved,results of operations. Significant adverse changes to external market conditions or there is a rise in interest rates, we may be required to record goodwill and/or identifiable intangible asset impairment chargesour internal forecasts, if any, could result in future periods.
impairment charges. It is not possible at this time to determine if any future impairment charge will result or, if it does, whether such a charge would be material.material to our results of operations.
ITEM 7A. QUANTITATIVE AND QUALITATIVE DISCLOSURES ABOUT MARKET RISK
We have not used any derivative financial instruments during the years ended December 31, 20192020 and 2018,2019, including trading or speculating on changes in interest rates or commodity prices of materials used in our business.
We are exposed to market risk for changes in interest rates for borrowings under the 20162020 Credit Agreement, which provides for a revolving credit facility and a term loan. Borrowings under the 20162020 Credit Agreement bear interest at variable rates. For further information on our outstanding debt and borrowing rates, and interest rate sensitivity, refer to the Liquidity and Capital Resources discussion in Item 7. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations. As of December 31, 2019,2020, there were no direct borrowings of $50.0 million outstanding under the 20162020 Revolving Credit Facility andFacility; however, the balance of the 20162020 Term Loan was $254.4$270.6 million. Based on the $304.4$270.6 million borrowings outstanding under the 20162020 Credit Agreement, if overall interest rates were to increase by 100 basis points, interest expense, net of income taxes, would increase by approximately $2.2$2.0 million in the next twelve months. Conversely, if overall interest rates were to decrease by 100 basis points, interest expense, net of income taxes, would decrease by approximately $2.2$2.0 million in the next twelve months. The 2020 Credit Agreement expires on March 2, 2025.
It is expected that a number of banks currently reporting information used to set LIBOR will stop doing so after 2021, which could either cause LIBOR to stop publication or cause LIBOR to no longer be representative of the underlying market. We believe our exposure to market risk associated with the discontinuation of LIBOR is limited as our 20162020 Credit Agreement expires prior tocontains provisions which allow for the enduse of 2021 and given that wealternate benchmark rates. We are not exposed to any other material contracts that reference LIBOR.
We are exposed to construction market risk and its potential related impact on accounts receivable or contract assets on uncompleted contracts. The amounts recorded may be at risk if our customers’ ability to pay these obligations is negatively impacted by economic conditions. We continually monitor the creditworthiness of our customers and maintain on-going discussions with customers regarding contract status with respect to change orders and billing terms. Therefore, we believe we take appropriate action to manage market and other risks, but there is no assurance that we will be able to reasonably identify all risks with respect to the collectibilitycollectability of these assets. See also the previous discussions of Revenue Recognition from Contracts with Customers and Accounts Receivable and Allowance for Credit Losses under the heading “Application of Critical Accounting Policies” in Item 7. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations.
Amounts invested in our foreign operations are translated into U.S. dollars at the exchange rates in effect at year end. The resulting translation adjustments are recorded as accumulated other comprehensive (loss) income, a component of equity, in the Consolidated Balance Sheets. We believe theour exposure to the effects that fluctuating foreign currencies may have on our consolidated results of operations is limited because our foreign operations primarily invoice customers and collect obligations in their respective local currencies. Additionally, expenses associated with these transactions are generally contracted and paid for in their same local currencies.
In addition, we are exposed to market risk of fluctuations in certain commodity prices of materials, such as copper and steel, which are used as components of supplies or materials utilized in our construction, building services, and industrial services operations. We are also exposed to increases in energy prices, particularly as they relate to gasoline prices for our fleet of approximately 11,00011,500 vehicles. While we believe we can increase our contract prices to adjust for some price increases in commodities, there can be no assurance that such price increases, if they were to occur, would be recoverable. Additionally, our fixed price contracts do not allow us to adjust our prices and, as a result, increases in material costs could reduce our profitability with respect to projects in progress.
ITEM 8. FINANCIAL STATEMENTS AND SUPPLEMENTARY DATA
EMCOR Group, Inc. and Subsidiaries
CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS
(In thousands, except share and per share data)
| | | | December 31,
2019 | | December 31,
2018 | | December 31,
2020 | | December 31,
2019 |
| ASSETS | | | | ASSETS | | | |
| Current assets: | | | | Current assets: | |
| Cash and cash equivalents | $ | 358,818 |
| | $ | 363,907 |
| Cash and cash equivalents | $ | 902,867 | | | $ | 358,818 | |
| Accounts receivable, less allowance for doubtful accounts of $14,466 and $15,361, respectively | 2,030,813 |
| | 1,773,620 |
| |
| Accounts receivable, less allowance for credit losses of $18,031 and $14,466, respectively | | Accounts receivable, less allowance for credit losses of $18,031 and $14,466, respectively | 1,922,096 | | | 2,030,813 | |
| Contract assets | 177,830 |
| | 158,243 |
| Contract assets | 171,956 | | | 177,830 | |
| Inventories | 40,446 |
| | 42,321 |
| Inventories | 53,338 | | | 40,446 | |
| Prepaid expenses and other | 51,976 |
| | 48,116 |
| Prepaid expenses and other | 70,679 | | | 51,976 | |
| Total current assets | 2,659,883 |
| | 2,386,207 |
| Total current assets | 3,120,936 | | | 2,659,883 | |
| Property, plant and equipment, net | 156,187 |
| | 134,351 |
| Property, plant and equipment, net | 158,427 | | | 156,187 | |
| Operating lease right-of-use assets | 245,471 |
| | — |
| Operating lease right-of-use assets | 242,155 | | | 245,471 | |
| Goodwill | 1,063,911 |
| | 990,887 |
| Goodwill | 851,783 | | | 1,063,911 | |
| Identifiable intangible assets, net | 611,444 |
| | 488,286 |
| Identifiable intangible assets, net | 582,893 | | | 611,444 | |
| Other assets | 93,462 |
| | 89,076 |
| Other assets | 107,646 | | | 93,462 | |
| Total assets | $ | 4,830,358 |
| | $ | 4,088,807 |
| Total assets | $ | 5,063,840 | | | $ | 4,830,358 | |
| LIABILITIES AND EQUITY | | | | LIABILITIES AND EQUITY | | | |
| Current liabilities: | | | | Current liabilities: | |
| Current maturities of long-term debt and finance lease liabilities | $ | 18,092 |
| | $ | 16,013 |
| Current maturities of long-term debt and finance lease liabilities | $ | 16,910 | | | $ | 18,092 | |
| Accounts payable | 665,402 |
| | 652,091 |
| Accounts payable | 671,886 | | | 665,402 | |
| Contract liabilities | 623,642 |
| | 552,290 |
| Contract liabilities | 722,252 | | | 623,642 | |
| Accrued payroll and benefits | 382,573 |
| | 343,069 |
| Accrued payroll and benefits | 450,955 | | | 382,573 | |
| Other accrued expenses and liabilities | 195,757 |
| | 170,935 |
| Other accrued expenses and liabilities | 247,597 | | | 195,757 | |
| Operating lease liabilities, current | 53,144 |
| | — |
| Operating lease liabilities, current | 53,632 | | | 53,144 | |
| Total current liabilities | 1,938,610 |
| | 1,734,398 |
| Total current liabilities | 2,163,232 | | | 1,938,610 | |
| Borrowings under revolving credit facility | 50,000 |
| | 25,000 |
| Borrowings under revolving credit facility | 0 | | | 50,000 | |
| Long-term debt and finance lease liabilities | 244,139 |
| | 254,764 |
| Long-term debt and finance lease liabilities | 259,619 | | | 244,139 | |
| Operating lease liabilities, long-term | 204,950 |
| | — |
| Operating lease liabilities, long-term | 205,362 | | | 204,950 | |
| Other long-term obligations | 334,879 |
| | 333,204 |
| Other long-term obligations | 382,383 | | | 334,879 | |
| Total liabilities | 2,772,578 |
| | 2,347,366 |
| Total liabilities | 3,010,596 | | | 2,772,578 | |
| Equity: | | | | Equity: | | | |
| EMCOR Group, Inc. stockholders’ equity: | | | | EMCOR Group, Inc. stockholders’ equity: | |
| Preferred stock, $0.10 par value, 1,000,000 shares authorized, zero issued and outstanding | — |
| | — |
| Preferred stock, $0.10 par value, 1,000,000 shares authorized, zero issued and outstanding | 0 | | | 0 | |
| Common stock, $0.01 par value, 200,000,000 shares authorized, 60,359,252 and 60,123,184 shares issued, respectively | 604 |
| | 601 |
| |
| Common stock, $0.01 par value, 200,000,000 shares authorized, 60,571,140 and 60,359,252 shares issued, respectively | | Common stock, $0.01 par value, 200,000,000 shares authorized, 60,571,140 and 60,359,252 shares issued, respectively | 606 | | | 604 | |
| Capital surplus | 32,274 |
| | 21,103 |
| Capital surplus | 47,464 | | | 32,274 | |
| Accumulated other comprehensive loss | (89,288 | ) | | (87,662 | ) | Accumulated other comprehensive loss | (109,233) | | | (89,288) | |
| Retained earnings | 2,367,481 |
| | 2,060,440 |
| Retained earnings | 2,480,321 | | | 2,367,481 | |
| Treasury stock, at cost 4,139,421 shares | (253,937 | ) | | (253,937 | ) | |
| Treasury stock, at cost 5,815,240 and 4,139,421 shares, respectively | | Treasury stock, at cost 5,815,240 and 4,139,421 shares, respectively | (366,490) | | | (253,937) | |
| Total EMCOR Group, Inc. stockholders’ equity | 2,057,134 |
| | 1,740,545 |
| Total EMCOR Group, Inc. stockholders’ equity | 2,052,668 | | | 2,057,134 | |
| Noncontrolling interests | 646 |
| | 896 |
| Noncontrolling interests | 576 | | | 646 | |
| Total equity | 2,057,780 |
| | 1,741,441 |
| Total equity | 2,053,244 | | | 2,057,780 | |
| Total liabilities and equity | $ | 4,830,358 |
| | $ | 4,088,807 |
| Total liabilities and equity | $ | 5,063,840 | | | $ | 4,830,358 | |
The accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements are an integral part of these statements.
EMCOR Group, Inc. and Subsidiaries
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS
For The Years Ended December 31,
(In thousands, except per share data)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| 2020 | | 2019 | | 2018 |
| Revenues | $ | 8,797,061 | | | $ | 9,174,611 | | | $ | 8,130,631 | |
| Cost of sales | 7,401,679 | | | 7,818,743 | | | 6,925,178 | |
| Gross profit | 1,395,382 | | | 1,355,868 | | | 1,205,453 | |
| Selling, general and administrative expenses | 903,584 | | | 893,453 | | | 799,157 | |
| Restructuring expenses | 2,214 | | | 1,523 | | | 2,306 | |
Impairment loss on goodwill, identifiable intangible assets, and
other long-lived assets | 232,750 | | | 0 | | | 907 | |
| Operating income | 256,834 | | | 460,892 | | | 403,083 | |
| Net periodic pension (cost) income | 2,980 | | | 1,553 | | | 2,743 | |
| Interest expense | (9,009) | | | (13,821) | | | (13,544) | |
| Interest income | 1,521 | | | 2,265 | | | 2,746 | |
| Income from continuing operations before income taxes | 252,326 | | | 450,889 | | | 395,028 | |
| Income tax provision | 119,383 | | | 125,749 | | | 109,106 | |
| Income from continuing operations | 132,943 | | | 325,140 | | | 285,922 | |
| Loss from discontinued operation, net of income taxes | 0 | | | 0 | | | (2,345) | |
| Net income including noncontrolling interests | 132,943 | | | 325,140 | | | 283,577 | |
| Less: Net income attributable to noncontrolling interests | 0 | | | 0 | | | (46) | |
| Net income attributable to EMCOR Group, Inc. | $ | 132,943 | | | $ | 325,140 | | | $ | 283,531 | |
| Basic earnings (loss) per common share: | | | | | |
| From continuing operations attributable to EMCOR Group, Inc. common stockholders | $ | 2.41 | | | $ | 5.78 | | | $ | 4.92 | |
| From discontinued operation | 0 | | | 0 | | | (0.04) | |
| Net income attributable to EMCOR Group, Inc. common stockholders | $ | 2.41 | | | $ | 5.78 | | | $ | 4.88 | |
| Diluted earnings (loss) per common share: | | | | | |
| From continuing operations attributable to EMCOR Group, Inc. common stockholders | $ | 2.40 | | | $ | 5.75 | | | $ | 4.89 | |
| From discontinued operation | 0 | | | 0 | | | (0.04) | |
| Net income attributable to EMCOR Group, Inc. common stockholders | $ | 2.40 | | | $ | 5.75 | | | $ | 4.85 | |
| Dividends declared per common share | $ | 0.32 | | | $ | 0.32 | | | $ | 0.32 | |
|
| | | | | | | | | | | |
| | 2019 | | 2018 | | 2017 |
| Revenues | $ | 9,174,611 |
| | $ | 8,130,631 |
| | $ | 7,686,999 |
|
| Cost of sales | 7,818,743 |
| | 6,925,178 |
| | 6,539,987 |
|
| Gross profit | 1,355,868 |
| | 1,205,453 |
| | 1,147,012 |
|
| Selling, general and administrative expenses | 893,453 |
| | 799,157 |
| | 758,714 |
|
| Restructuring expenses | 1,523 |
| | 2,306 |
| | 1,577 |
|
| Impairment loss on goodwill and identifiable intangible assets | — |
| | 907 |
| | 57,819 |
|
| Operating income | 460,892 |
| | 403,083 |
| | 328,902 |
|
| Net periodic pension (cost) income | 1,553 |
| | 2,743 |
| | 1,652 |
|
| Interest expense | (13,821 | ) | | (13,544 | ) | | (12,770 | ) |
| Interest income | 2,265 |
| | 2,746 |
| | 965 |
|
| Income from continuing operations before income taxes | 450,889 |
| | 395,028 |
| | 318,749 |
|
| Income tax provision | 125,749 |
| | 109,106 |
| | 90,699 |
|
| Income from continuing operations | 325,140 |
| | 285,922 |
| | 228,050 |
|
| Loss from discontinued operation, net of income taxes | — |
| | (2,345 | ) | | (857 | ) |
| Net income including noncontrolling interests | 325,140 |
| | 283,577 |
| | 227,193 |
|
| Less: Net (income) loss attributable to noncontrolling interests | — |
| | (46 | ) | | 3 |
|
| Net income attributable to EMCOR Group, Inc. | $ | 325,140 |
| | $ | 283,531 |
| | $ | 227,196 |
|
| Basic earnings (loss) per common share: | | | | | |
| From continuing operations attributable to EMCOR Group, Inc. common stockholders | $ | 5.78 |
| | $ | 4.92 |
| | $ | 3.85 |
|
| From discontinued operation | — |
| | (0.04 | ) | | (0.01 | ) |
| Net income attributable to EMCOR Group, Inc. common stockholders | $ | 5.78 |
| | $ | 4.88 |
| | $ | 3.84 |
|
| Diluted earnings (loss) per common share: | | | | | |
| From continuing operations attributable to EMCOR Group, Inc. common stockholders | $ | 5.75 |
| | $ | 4.89 |
| | $ | 3.83 |
|
| From discontinued operation | — |
| | (0.04 | ) | | (0.01 | ) |
| Net income attributable to EMCOR Group, Inc. common stockholders | $ | 5.75 |
| | $ | 4.85 |
| | $ | 3.82 |
|
| Dividends declared per common share | $ | 0.32 |
| | $ | 0.32 |
| | $ | 0.32 |
|
The accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements are an integral part of these statements.
EMCOR Group, Inc. and Subsidiaries
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF COMPREHENSIVE INCOME
For The Years Ended December 31,
(In thousands)
| | | | 2019 | | 2018 | | 2017 | | 2020 | | 2019 | | 2018 |
| Net income including noncontrolling interests | $ | 325,140 |
| | $ | 283,577 |
| | $ | 227,193 |
| Net income including noncontrolling interests | $ | 132,943 | | | $ | 325,140 | | | $ | 283,577 | |
| Other comprehensive (loss) income, net of tax: | | | | | | Other comprehensive (loss) income, net of tax: | |
| Foreign currency translation adjustments | 1,689 |
| | (1,322 | ) | | (1,384 | ) | Foreign currency translation adjustments | 2,088 | | | 1,689 | | | (1,322) | |
Changes in post retirement plans (1) | (3,315 | ) | | 7,860 |
| | 8,887 |
| Changes in post retirement plans (1) | (22,033) | | | (3,315) | | | 7,860 | |
| Other comprehensive (loss) income | (1,626 | ) | | 6,538 |
| | 7,503 |
| Other comprehensive (loss) income | (19,945) | | | (1,626) | | | 6,538 | |
| Comprehensive income | 323,514 |
| | 290,115 |
| | 234,696 |
| Comprehensive income | 112,998 | | | 323,514 | | | 290,115 | |
| Less: Comprehensive (income) loss attributable to noncontrolling interests | — |
| | (46 | ) | | 3 |
| |
| Less: Comprehensive income attributable to noncontrolling interests | | Less: Comprehensive income attributable to noncontrolling interests | 0 | | | 0 | | | (46) | |
| Comprehensive income attributable to EMCOR Group, Inc. | $ | 323,514 |
| | $ | 290,069 |
| | $ | 234,699 |
| Comprehensive income attributable to EMCOR Group, Inc. | $ | 112,998 | | | $ | 323,514 | | | $ | 290,069 | |
_________________
| |
(1) | (1) Net of tax benefit (provision) of $5.1 million, $0.7 million, and $(2.1) million for the years ended December 31, 2020, 2019, and 2018, respectively.
$0.7 million, $(2.1) million, and $(1.8) million for the years ended December 31, 2019, 2018, and 2017, respectively.
|
The accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements are an integral part of these statements.
EMCOR Group, Inc. and Subsidiaries
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS
For The Years Ended December 31,
(In thousands)
| | | | 2019 | | 2018 | | 2017 | | 2020 | | 2019 | | 2018 |
| Cash flows - operating activities: | | | | | | Cash flows - operating activities: | | | | | |
| Net income including noncontrolling interests | $ | 325,140 |
| | $ | 283,577 |
| | $ | 227,193 |
| Net income including noncontrolling interests | $ | 132,943 | | | $ | 325,140 | | | $ | 283,577 | |
| Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash provided by operating activities: | | | | | | Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash provided by operating activities: | |
| Depreciation and amortization | 43,945 |
| | 38,472 |
| | 39,915 |
| Depreciation and amortization | 46,721 | | | 43,945 | | | 38,472 | |
| Amortization of identifiable intangible assets | 48,142 |
| | 42,443 |
| | 48,594 |
| Amortization of identifiable intangible assets | 59,950 | | | 48,142 | | | 42,443 | |
| Provision for doubtful accounts | 2,628 |
| | 2,123 |
| | 7,264 |
| |
| Provision for credit losses | | Provision for credit losses | 3,269 | | | 2,628 | | | 2,123 | |
| Deferred income taxes | 1,701 |
| | 4,249 |
| | (53,358 | ) | Deferred income taxes | (36,354) | | | 1,701 | | | 4,249 | |
| Gain on sale or disposal of property, plant and equipment | (3,981 | ) | | (517 | ) | | (1,846 | ) | Gain on sale or disposal of property, plant and equipment | (122) | | | (3,981) | | | (517) | |
| Excess tax benefits from share-based compensation | (984 | ) | | (1,646 | ) | | (1,616 | ) | Excess tax benefits from share-based compensation | (191) | | | (984) | | | (1,646) | |
| Equity loss (income) from unconsolidated entities | 2,990 |
| | (347 | ) | | (864 | ) | |
| Equity (income) loss from unconsolidated entities | | Equity (income) loss from unconsolidated entities | (14) | | | 2,990 | | | (347) | |
| Non-cash expense for amortization of debt issuance costs | 1,186 |
| | 1,186 |
| | 1,186 |
| Non-cash expense for amortization of debt issuance costs | 998 | | | 1,186 | | | 1,186 | |
| Non-cash expense from contingent consideration arrangements | 1,373 |
| | 186 |
| | 317 |
| Non-cash expense from contingent consideration arrangements | 649 | | | 1,373 | | | 186 | |
| Non-cash expense for impairment of goodwill and identifiable intangible assets | — |
| | 907 |
| | 57,819 |
| |
| Non-cash expense for impairment of goodwill, identifiable intangible assets, and other long- lived assets | | Non-cash expense for impairment of goodwill, identifiable intangible assets, and other long- lived assets | 232,750 | | | 0 | | | 907 | |
| Non-cash share-based compensation expense | 11,386 |
| | 11,030 |
| | 9,939 |
| Non-cash share-based compensation expense | 11,151 | | | 11,386 | | | 11,030 | |
| Non-cash income from changes in unrecognized tax benefits | — |
| | (72 | ) | | (5,641 | ) | Non-cash income from changes in unrecognized tax benefits | 0 | | | 0 | | | (72) | |
| Distributions from unconsolidated entities | 1,074 |
| | 3,110 |
| | 5,506 |
| Distributions from unconsolidated entities | 0 | | | 1,074 | | | 3,110 | |
| Changes in operating assets and liabilities, excluding the effect of businesses acquired: | | | | | | Changes in operating assets and liabilities, excluding the effect of businesses acquired: | |
| Increase in accounts receivable | (135,954 | ) | | (146,101 | ) | | (80,514 | ) | |
| Decrease (increase) in inventories | 4,345 |
| | (3,915 | ) | | (4,936 | ) | |
| (Increase) decrease in contract assets | (10,111 | ) | | (30,935 | ) | | 12,433 |
| |
| Decrease (increase) in accounts receivable | | Decrease (increase) in accounts receivable | 139,377 | | | (135,954) | | | (146,101) | |
| (Increase) decrease in inventories | | (Increase) decrease in inventories | (12,709) | | | 4,345 | | | (3,915) | |
| Decrease (increase) in contract assets | | Decrease (increase) in contract assets | 7,829 | | | (10,111) | | | (30,935) | |
| (Decrease) increase in accounts payable | (33,971 | ) | | 78,554 |
| | 54,910 |
| (Decrease) increase in accounts payable | (9,022) | | | (33,971) | | | 78,554 | |
| Increase in contract liabilities | 51,310 |
| | 20,726 |
| | 24,695 |
| Increase in contract liabilities | 85,142 | | | 51,310 | | | 20,726 | |
| Increase (decrease) in accrued payroll and benefits and other accrued expenses and liabilities | 49,551 |
| | (24,715 | ) | | 24,017 |
| Increase (decrease) in accrued payroll and benefits and other accrued expenses and liabilities | 113,835 | | | 49,551 | | | (24,715) | |
| Changes in other assets and liabilities, net | (4,070 | ) | | (7,304 | ) | | 1,036 |
| Changes in other assets and liabilities, net | 30,164 | | | (4,070) | | | (7,304) | |
| Net cash provided by operating activities | 355,700 |
| | 271,011 |
| | 366,049 |
| Net cash provided by operating activities | 806,366 | | | 355,700 | | | 271,011 | |
| Cash flows - investing activities: | | | | | | Cash flows - investing activities: | | | | | |
| Payments for acquisitions of businesses, net of cash acquired | (300,980 | ) | | (72,080 | ) | | (107,223 | ) | Payments for acquisitions of businesses, net of cash acquired | (50,357) | | | (300,980) | | | (72,080) | |
| Proceeds from sale or disposal of property, plant and equipment | 5,487 |
| | 1,237 |
| | 4,014 |
| Proceeds from sale or disposal of property, plant and equipment | 3,463 | | | 5,487 | | | 1,237 | |
| Purchase of property, plant and equipment | (48,432 | ) | | (43,479 | ) | | (34,684 | ) | |
| Purchases of property, plant and equipment | | Purchases of property, plant and equipment | (47,969) | | | (48,432) | | | (43,479) | |
| Investments in and advances to unconsolidated entities | (2,252 | ) | | (3,484 | ) | | (675 | ) | Investments in and advances to unconsolidated entities | 0 | | | (2,252) | | | (3,484) | |
| Distributions from unconsolidated entities | 838 |
| | 84 |
| | 475 |
| Distributions from unconsolidated entities | 0 | | | 838 | | | 84 | |
| Net cash used in investing activities | (345,339 | ) | | (117,722 | ) | | (138,093 | ) | Net cash used in investing activities | (94,863) | | | (345,339) | | | (117,722) | |
| Cash flows - financing activities: | | | | | | Cash flows - financing activities: | | | | | |
| Proceeds from revolving credit facility | 50,000 |
| | — |
| | — |
| Proceeds from revolving credit facility | 200,000 | | | 50,000 | | | 0 | |
| Repayments of revolving credit facility | (25,000 | ) | | — |
| | (100,000 | ) | Repayments of revolving credit facility | (250,000) | | | (25,000) | | | 0 | |
| Repayments of long-term debt | (15,198 | ) | | (15,235 | ) | | (15,202 | ) | |
| Proceeds from long-term debt | | Proceeds from long-term debt | 300,000 | | | 0 | | | 0 | |
| Repayments of long-term debt and debt issuance costs | | Repayments of long-term debt and debt issuance costs | (286,987) | | | (15,198) | | | (15,235) | |
| Repayments of finance lease liabilities | (4,571 | ) | | (1,501 | ) | | (1,445 | ) | Repayments of finance lease liabilities | (4,470) | | | (4,571) | | | (1,501) | |
| Dividends paid to stockholders | (17,950 | ) | | (18,640 | ) | | (18,971 | ) | Dividends paid to stockholders | (17,674) | | | (17,950) | | | (18,640) | |
| Repurchase of common stock | — |
| | (216,244 | ) | | (93,166 | ) | |
| Repurchases of common stock | | Repurchases of common stock | (112,553) | | | 0 | | | (216,244) | |
| Taxes paid related to net share settlements of equity awards | (6,451 | ) | | (3,848 | ) | | (3,462 | ) | Taxes paid related to net share settlements of equity awards | (2,640) | | | (6,451) | | | (3,848) | |
| Issuance of common stock under employee stock purchase plan | 6,090 |
| | 5,765 |
| | 4,793 |
| |
| Issuances of common stock under employee stock purchase plan | | Issuances of common stock under employee stock purchase plan | 6,557 | | | 6,090 | | | 5,765 | |
| Payments for contingent consideration arrangements | (5,917 | ) | | (3,339 | ) | | (1,017 | ) | Payments for contingent consideration arrangements | (4,070) | | | (5,917) | | | (3,339) | |
| Distributions to noncontrolling interests | (250 | ) | | — |
| | — |
| Distributions to noncontrolling interests | (70) | | | (250) | | | 0 | |
| Net cash used in financing activities | (19,247 | ) | | (253,042 | ) | | (228,470 | ) | Net cash used in financing activities | (171,907) | | | (19,247) | | | (253,042) | |
| Effect of exchange rate changes on cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash | 2,592 |
| | (3,421 | ) | | 3,242 |
| |
| (Decrease) increase in cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash | (6,294 | ) | | (103,174 | ) | | 2,728 |
| |
Cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash at beginning of year (1) | 366,214 |
| | 469,388 |
| | 466,660 |
| |
Cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash at end of period (1) | $ | 359,920 |
| | $ | 366,214 |
| | $ | 469,388 |
| |
| Effect of exchange rate changes on cash, cash equivalents, and restricted cash | | Effect of exchange rate changes on cash, cash equivalents, and restricted cash | 4,046 | | | 2,592 | | | (3,421) | |
| Increase (decrease) in cash, cash equivalents, and restricted cash | | Increase (decrease) in cash, cash equivalents, and restricted cash | 543,642 | | | (6,294) | | | (103,174) | |
Cash, cash equivalents, and restricted cash at beginning of year (1) | | Cash, cash equivalents, and restricted cash at beginning of year (1) | 359,920 | | | 366,214 | | | 469,388 | |
Cash, cash equivalents, and restricted cash at end of period (1) | | Cash, cash equivalents, and restricted cash at end of period (1) | $ | 903,562 | | | $ | 359,920 | | | $ | 366,214 | |
_________________
| |
(1) | Includes $1.1 million, $2.3 million, $2.0 million and $2.0 million of restricted cash classified as “Prepaid expenses and other” in the Consolidated Balance Sheet as of December 31, 2019, 2018, 2017 and 2016, respectively. |
(1)Includes $0.7 million, $1.1 million, $2.3 million, and $2.0 million of restricted cash classified as “Prepaid expenses and other” in the Consolidated Balance Sheets as of December 31, 2020, 2019, 2018, and 2017, respectively.
The accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements are an integral part of these statements.
EMCOR Group, Inc. and Subsidiaries
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF EQUITY
For The Years Ended December 31,
(In thousands)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | EMCOR Group, Inc. Stockholders | | |
| | | | EMCOR Group, Inc. Stockholders | | | | Total | | Common
stock | | Capital
surplus | | Accumulated other comprehensive loss (1) | | Retained
earnings | | Treasury
stock | | Noncontrolling
interests |
| | Total | | Common stock | | Capital surplus | | Accumulated other comprehensive (loss) income (1) | | Retained earnings | | Treasury stock | | Noncontrolling interests | |
| Balance, December 31, 2016 | $ | 1,537,942 |
| | $ | 606 |
| | $ | 52,219 |
| | $ | (101,703 | ) | | $ | 1,596,269 |
| | $ | (10,302 | ) | | $ | 853 |
| |
| Balance, December 31, 2017 | | Balance, December 31, 2017 | $ | 1,674,117 | | | $ | 599 | | | $ | 8,005 | | | $ | (94,200) | | | $ | 1,796,556 | | | $ | (37,693) | | | $ | 850 | |
| Net income including noncontrolling interests | 227,193 |
| | — |
| | — |
| | — |
| | 227,196 |
| | — |
| | (3 | ) | Net income including noncontrolling interests | 283,577 | | | — | | | — | | | — | | | 283,531 | | | — | | | 46 | |
| Other comprehensive income | 7,503 |
| | — |
| | — |
| | 7,503 |
| | — |
| | — |
| | — |
| Other comprehensive income | 6,538 | | | — | | | — | | | 6,538 | | | — | | | — | | | — | |
Cumulative-effect adjustment (2) | | Cumulative-effect adjustment (2) | (854) | | | — | | | — | | | — | | | (854) | | | — | | | — | |
| Common stock issued under share-based compensation plans | 1 |
| | 2 |
| | (1 | ) | | — |
| | — |
| | — |
| | — |
| Common stock issued under share-based compensation plans | 0 | | | 1 | | | (1) | | | — | | | — | | | — | | | — | |
| Tax withholding for common stock issued under share-based compensation plans | (3,462 | ) | | — |
| | (3,462 | ) | | — |
| | — |
| | — |
| | — |
| Tax withholding for common stock issued under share-based compensation plans | (3,848) | | | — | | | (3,848) | | | — | | | — | | | — | | | — | |
| Common stock issued under employee stock purchase plan | 4,793 |
| | 1 |
| | 4,792 |
| | — |
| | — |
| | — |
| | — |
| Common stock issued under employee stock purchase plan | 5,765 | | | 1 | | | 5,764 | | | — | | | — | | | — | | | — | |
| Common stock dividends | (18,971 | ) | | — |
| | 164 |
| | — |
| | (19,135 | ) | | — |
| | — |
| Common stock dividends | (18,640) | | | — | | | 153 | | | — | | | (18,793) | | | — | | | — | |
Repurchase of common stock (2) | (90,821 | ) | | (10 | ) | | (55,646 | ) | | — |
| | (7,774 | ) | | (27,391 | ) | | — |
| |
| Share-based compensation expense | 9,939 |
| | — |
| | 9,939 |
| | — |
| | — |
| | — |
| | — |
| |
| Balance, December 31, 2017 | $ | 1,674,117 |
| | $ | 599 |
| | $ | 8,005 |
| | $ | (94,200 | ) | | $ | 1,796,556 |
| | $ | (37,693 | ) | | $ | 850 |
| |
| Net income including noncontrolling interests | 283,577 |
| | — |
| | — |
| | — |
| | 283,531 |
| | — |
| | 46 |
| |
| Other comprehensive income | 6,538 |
| | — |
| | — |
| | 6,538 |
| | — |
| | — |
| | — |
| |
Cumulative-effect adjustment (3) | (854 | ) | | — |
| | — |
| | — |
| | (854 | ) | | — |
| | — |
| |
| Common stock issued under share-based compensation plans | — |
| | 1 |
| | (1 | ) | | — |
| | — |
| | — |
| | — |
| |
| Tax withholding for common stock issued under share-based compensation plans | (3,848 | ) | | — |
| | (3,848 | ) | | — |
| | — |
| | — |
| | — |
| |
| Common stock issued under employee stock purchase plan | 5,765 |
| | 1 |
| | 5,764 |
| | — |
| | — |
| | — |
| | — |
| |
| Common stock dividends | (18,640 | ) | | — |
| | 153 |
| | — |
| | (18,793 | ) | | — |
| | — |
| |
Repurchase of common stock (2) | (216,244 | ) | | — |
| | — |
| | — |
| | — |
| | (216,244 | ) | | — |
| |
| Repurchases of common stock | | Repurchases of common stock | (216,244) | | | — | | | — | | | — | | | — | | | (216,244) | | | — | |
| Share-based compensation expense | 11,030 |
| | — |
| | 11,030 |
| | — |
| | — |
| | — |
| | — |
| Share-based compensation expense | 11,030 | | | — | | | 11,030 | | | — | | | — | | | — | | | — | |
| Balance, December 31, 2018 | $ | 1,741,441 |
| | $ | 601 |
| | $ | 21,103 |
| | $ | (87,662 | ) | | $ | 2,060,440 |
| | $ | (253,937 | ) | | $ | 896 |
| Balance, December 31, 2018 | $ | 1,741,441 | | | $ | 601 | | | $ | 21,103 | | | $ | (87,662) | | | $ | 2,060,440 | | | $ | (253,937) | | | $ | 896 | |
| Net income including noncontrolling interests | 325,140 |
| | — |
| | — |
| | — |
| | 325,140 |
| | — |
| | — |
| Net income including noncontrolling interests | 325,140 | | | — | | | — | | | — | | | 325,140 | | | — | | | 0 | |
| Other comprehensive loss | (1,626 | ) | | — |
| | — |
| | (1,626 | ) | | — |
| | — |
| | — |
| Other comprehensive loss | (1,626) | | | — | | | — | | | (1,626) | | | — | | | — | | | — | |
| Common stock issued under share-based compensation plans | — |
| | 3 |
| | (3 | ) | | — |
| | — |
| | — |
| | — |
| Common stock issued under share-based compensation plans | 0 | | | 3 | | | (3) | | | — | | | — | | | — | | | — | |
| Tax withholding for common stock issued under share-based compensation plans | (6,451 | ) | | — |
| | (6,451 | ) | | — |
| | — |
| | — |
| | — |
| Tax withholding for common stock issued under share-based compensation plans | (6,451) | | | — | | | (6,451) | | | — | | | — | | | — | | | — | |
| Common stock issued under employee stock purchase plan | 6,090 |
| | — |
| | 6,090 |
| | — |
| | — |
| | — |
| | — |
| Common stock issued under employee stock purchase plan | 6,090 | | | — | | | 6,090 | | | — | | | — | | | — | | | — | |
| Common stock dividends | (17,950 | ) | | — |
| | 149 |
| | — |
| | (18,099 | ) | | — |
| | — |
| Common stock dividends | (17,950) | | | — | | | 149 | | | — | | | (18,099) | | | — | | | — | |
| Distributions to noncontrolling interests | (250 | ) | | — |
| | — |
| | — |
| | — |
| | — |
| | (250 | ) | Distributions to noncontrolling interests | (250) | | | — | | | — | | | — | | | — | | | — | | | (250) | |
| Share-based compensation expense | 11,386 |
| | — |
| | 11,386 |
| | — |
| | — |
| | — |
| | — |
| Share-based compensation expense | 11,386 | | | — | | | 11,386 | | | — | | | — | | | — | | | — | |
| Balance, December 31, 2019 | $ | 2,057,780 |
| | $ | 604 |
| | $ | 32,274 |
| | $ | (89,288 | ) | | $ | 2,367,481 |
| | $ | (253,937 | ) | | $ | 646 |
| Balance, December 31, 2019 | $ | 2,057,780 | | | $ | 604 | | | $ | 32,274 | | | $ | (89,288) | | | $ | 2,367,481 | | | $ | (253,937) | | | $ | 646 | |
| Net income including noncontrolling interests | | Net income including noncontrolling interests | 132,943 | | | — | | | — | | | — | | | 132,943 | | | — | | | 0 | |
| Other comprehensive loss | | Other comprehensive loss | (19,945) | | | — | | | — | | | (19,945) | | | — | | | — | | | — | |
Cumulative-effect adjustment (3) | | Cumulative-effect adjustment (3) | (2,307) | | | — | | | — | | | — | | | (2,307) | | | — | | | — | |
| Common stock issued under share-based compensation plans | | Common stock issued under share-based compensation plans | 2 | | | 2 | | | 0 | | | — | | | — | | | — | | | — | |
| Tax withholding for common stock issued under share-based compensation plans | | Tax withholding for common stock issued under share-based compensation plans | (2,640) | | | — | | | (2,640) | | | — | | | — | | | — | | | — | |
| Common stock issued under employee stock purchase plan | | Common stock issued under employee stock purchase plan | 6,557 | | | — | | | 6,557 | | | — | | | — | | | — | | | — | |
| Common stock dividends | | Common stock dividends | (17,674) | | | — | | | 122 | | | — | | | (17,796) | | | — | | | — | |
| Repurchases of common stock | | Repurchases of common stock | (112,553) | | | — | | | — | | | — | | | — | | | (112,553) | | | — | |
| Distributions to noncontrolling interests | | Distributions to noncontrolling interests | (70) | | | — | | | — | | | — | | | — | | | — | | | (70) | |
| Share-based compensation expense | | Share-based compensation expense | 11,151 | | | — | | | 11,151 | | | — | | | — | | | — | | | — | |
| Balance, December 31, 2020 | | Balance, December 31, 2020 | $ | 2,053,244 | | | $ | 606 | | | $ | 47,464 | | | $ | (109,233) | | | $ | 2,480,321 | | | $ | (366,490) | | | $ | 576 | |
The accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements are an integral part of these statements.
References to the “Company,” “EMCOR,” “we,” “us,” “our” and similar words refer to EMCOR Group, Inc. and its consolidated subsidiaries unless the context indicates otherwise.
We are one of the largest electrical and mechanical construction and facilities services firms in the United States. In addition, we provide a number of building services and industrial services. We specialize principally in providing construction services relating to electrical and mechanical systems in all types of facilities and in providing various services relating to the operation, maintenance and management of facilities, including refineries and petrochemical plants.
The consolidated financial statements include the accounts of the Company and its majority-owned subsidiaries and joint ventures. Significant intercompany accounts and transactions have been eliminated. All investments over which we exercise significant influence, but do not control (a 20% to 50% ownership interest), are accounted for using the equity method of accounting. For joint ventures that have been accounted for using the consolidation method of accounting, noncontrolling interests represent the allocation of earnings to our joint venture partners who either have a minority-ownership interest in the joint venture or are not at risk for the majority of losses of the joint venture.
The results of operations of companies acquired have been included in the results of operations from the date of the respective acquisition.
The preparation of the consolidated financial statements, in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States, requires us to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting period. Actual results could materially differ from those estimates.
During the third quarter of 2014, we ceased construction operations in the United Kingdom. The results of the construction operations of our United Kingdom segment for all periods are presented as discontinued operations.
For purposes of the consolidated financial statements, we consider all highly liquid instruments with original maturities of three months or less to be cash equivalents. We maintain a centralized cash management system whereby our excess cash balances are invested in high quality, short-term money market instruments, which are considered cash equivalents. We have cash balances in certain of our domestic bank accounts that exceed federally insured limits.