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UNITED STATES
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
Washington, D.C. 20549
 ________________________________________
FORM 10-K
(Mark One)
ýANNUAL REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934
For the fiscal year endedJune 25, 201726, 2022
or
¨TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934
For the transition period from              to             
Commission file number 0-21154001-40863
__________________________________________ 
CREE,WOLFSPEED, INC.
(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)
North Carolina56-1572719
(State or other jurisdiction of incorporation or organization)(I.R.S. Employer Identification No.)
4600 Silicon Drive
Durham, North Carolina
27703
DurhamNorth Carolina
(Address of principal executive offices)(Zip Code)
(919) 407-5300
(Registrant’s telephone number, including area code)
Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:
Title of each classTrading Symbol(s)Name of each exchange on which registered
Common Stock, $0.00125 par value WOLFThe NASDAQNew York Stock Market LLCExchange
Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(g) of the Act:
None
_____________________________________________________________________________ 
Indicate by check mark if the registrant is a well-known seasoned issuer, as defined in Rule 405 of the Securities Act.    Yes  ý    No  ¨
Indicate by check mark if the registrant is not required to file reports pursuant to Section 13 or 15(d) of the Act.    Yes  ¨    No  ý
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days.    Yes  ý    No  ¨
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically and posted on its corporate Web site, if any, every Interactive Data File required to be submitted and posted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit and post such files).    Yes  ý    No  ¨
Indicate by check mark if disclosure of delinquent filers pursuant to Item 405 of Regulation S-K is not contained herein, and will not be contained, to the best of registrant’s knowledge, in definitive proxy or information statements incorporated by reference in Part III of this Form 10-K or any amendment to this Form 10-K.  ¨
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, or a smaller reporting company, or an emerging growth company. See the definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer,” “smaller reporting company,” and "emerging growth company" in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act. (Check one):
Large accelerated filerAccelerated filer
Large accelerated filerýAccelerated filer¨
Non-accelerated filer
¨  (Do not check if a smaller reporting company)
Smaller reporting company¨
Emerging growth company
¨

If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act.  
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has filed a report on and attestation to its management’s assessment of the effectiveness of its internal control over financial reporting under Section 404(b) of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act (15 U.S.C. 7262(b)) by the registered public accounting firm that prepared or issued its audit report.  
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Act).    Yes  ¨    No  ý

The aggregate market value of common stock held by non-affiliates of the registrant as of December 23, 2016,2021, the last business day of the registrant’s most recently completed second fiscal quarter, was $2,673,618,543$13,632,261,850 (based on the closing sale price of $27.46$110.95 per share).
The number of shares of the registrant’s Common Stock, $0.00125$0.00125 par value per share, outstanding as of August 18, 201717, 2022 was 97,684,861.124,100,941.
__________________________________________ 
DOCUMENTS INCORPORATED BY REFERENCE
Portions of the definitive Proxy Statement to be delivered to shareholders in connection with the Annual Meeting of Shareholders to be held October 24, 2017x are incorporated by reference into Part III.


CREE,

Table of Contents
WOLFSPEED, INC.
FORM 10-K
For the Fiscal Year Ended June 25, 201726, 2022
INDEX
TABLE OF CONTENTS
Part I
Part IIPage
Part I
Item 1A.
Item 1B.
Item 2.
Item 3.
Item 4.
Part II
Item 5.
Part III
Part III
PART IV


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Forward-Looking Information
Information set forth in this Annual Report on Form 10-K contains various “forward-looking statements” within the meaning of Section 27A of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the Securities Act), and Section 21E of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the Exchange Act). All information contained in this report relative to future markets for our products and trends in and anticipated levels of revenue, gross margins and expenses, as well as other statements containing words such as “believe,” “project,” “may,” “will,” “anticipate,” “target,” “plan,” “estimate,” “expect” and “intend” and other similar expressions constitute forward-looking statements. These forward-looking statements are subject to business, economic and other risks and uncertainties, both known and unknown, and actual results may differ materially from those contained in the forward-looking statements. Any forward-looking statements we make are as of the date made, and except as required under the U.S. federal securities laws and the rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission (the SEC), we have no duty to update them if our views later change. These forward-looking statements should not be relied upon as representing our views as of any date subsequent to the date of this Annual Report. Examples of risks and uncertainties that could cause actual results to differ materially from historical performance and any forward-looking statements include, but are not limited to, those described in “Risk Factors” in Item 1A of this Annual Report.

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PART I


Item 1.Business
Overview
Cree,Wolfspeed, Inc. (Cree,(Wolfspeed, we, our, or us) formerly known as Cree, Inc., is a leadingan innovator of lighting-class light emitting diode (LED) products, lighting products and wide bandgap semiconductor productssemiconductors, focused on Silicon Carbide and gallium nitride (GaN) materials and devices for power and radio-frequency (RF) applications. Our products are targeted for applications such as indoorproduct families include Silicon Carbide and outdoor lighting, video displays, transportation, electronic signs and signals, power supplies, inverters and wireless systems. As discussed more fully below, we operate in three reportable segments: Lighting Products, LED Products and Wolfspeed.
Our lighting products primarily consist of LED lighting systems and lamps. We design, manufacture and sell lighting fixtures and lamps for the commercial, industrial and consumer markets.
Our LED products consist of LED chips and LED components. Our LED products enable our customers to develop and market LED-based products for lighting, video screens, automotive and other industrial applications.
Our Wolfspeed business consists of silicon carbide (SiC)GaN materials, power devices and RF devices, based on wide bandgap semiconductor materialsand our products are targeted for various applications such as SiCelectric vehicles, fast charging, 5G, renewable energy and gallium nitride (GaN)storage, and aerospace and defense.
During and prior to fiscal 2021, we designed, manufactured and sold specialty lighting-class light emitting diode (LED) products targeted for use in indoor and outdoor lighting, electronic signs and signals and video displays. On March 1, 2021, we completed the sale of certain assets and subsidiaries comprising our former LED Products segment (the LED Business) to SMART Global Holdings, Inc. (SGH) and its wholly owned subsidiary CreeLED, Inc. (CreeLED and collectively with SGH, SMART) (the LED Business Divestiture). As a result, we have classified the results and cash flows of our former LED Products segment as discontinued operations in our consolidated statements of operations and consolidated statements of cash flows for all periods presented. Unless otherwise noted, discussions within this Annual Report relate to our continuing operations.
Our materials products and power devices are used in solar, electric vehicles, motor drives, power supplies, solar and transportation applications. Our materials products and RF devices are used in military communications, radar, satellite and telecommunication applications.
As discussed more fully in Note 1, “Business,” inOn October 4, 2021, we changed our consolidated financial statements included in Item 8corporate name from Cree, Inc. to Wolfspeed, Inc. In addition, we transferred the listing of this Annual Report, on July 13, 2016, we executedour common stock to the New York Stock Exchange (NYSE) from The Nasdaq Global Select Market (Nasdaq). We ceased trading as a definitive agreement to sellNasdaq-listed company at the Wolfspeed business to Infineon Technologies AG (Infineon). Beginning in July 2016, the Company classified the resultsend of the Wolfspeed business as discontinued operations in the Company's consolidated statements of loss for all periods presentedday on October 1, 2021 and classified the related assets and liabilities associated with the discontinued operations as held for sale in the consolidated balance sheets. On March 6, 2017, the definitive agreement with Infineon was terminated. As a result of the termination of the agreement, we have reclassified the results of the Wolfspeed business as continuing operations in our consolidated statements of loss, and presented itcommenced trading as a separate reportable segment, for all periods presented. Additionally,NYSE-listed company at market open on October 4, 2021 under the related assets and liabilities associated with the discontinued operations were reclassified as held and used in the consolidated balance sheets for all periods presented.new ticker symbol ‘WOLF’.
The majority of our products are manufactured at our production facilities located in North Carolina, WisconsinCalifornia and China.Arkansas. We also use contract manufacturers for certain products and aspects of product fabrication, assembly and packaging. We maintain captive lines at some of our contract manufacturers. Additionally, we recently opened a Silicon Carbide device fabrication facility in New York. We operate research and development facilities in North Carolina, California, Arkansas, California, Wisconsin, India, ItalyArizona and China (including Hong Kong).New York.
Cree,Wolfspeed, Inc. is a North Carolina corporation established in 1987, and our headquarters are in Durham, North Carolina. For further information about our consolidated revenue and earnings, please see our consolidated financial statements included in Item 8 of this Annual Report.
Recent Developments
On April 25, 2017, we announced that we intended to form a joint venture, to be called Cree Venture LED Company, Ltd. (Cree Venture LED), with San’an Optoelectronics Co., Ltd. (San’an) to produce and deliver to market high performing, mid-power lighting class LEDs in an exclusive arrangement to serve the expanding markets of North and South America, Europe and Japan, and serve China and the rest of the world on a non-exclusive basis.
Effective July 17, 2017, we entered into a Shareholders Agreement with San’an and Cree Venture LED pursuant to which we and San’an funded our contributions to Cree Venture LED and agreed upon the management and operation of Cree Venture LED. We contributed $5.1 million for a 51% ownership interest and San’an contributed $4.9 million for a 49% ownership interest. Cree Venture LED will have a five-member board of directors, three of which will be designated by Cree and two of which will be designated by San’an.
In connection with forming Cree Venture LED and entering into the Shareholders Agreement, Cree Venture LED and San’an also entered into a manufacturing agreement pursuant to which San’an will supply Cree Venture LED with mid-power LED products, and we and Cree Venture LED entered into a sales agency agreement pursuant to which we will be the independent sales representative of Cree Venture LED in the exclusive markets, among certain other ancillary agreements related to the transaction.

We target that the parties will finish establishing Cree Venture LED and begin first product qualifications with customers during the remainder of calendar 2017.
Reportable Segments
Our three reportable segments are:
Lighting Products
LED Products
Wolfspeed
Reportable segments are components of an entity that have separate financial data that the entity’s Chief Operating Decision Maker (CODM) regularly reviews when allocating resourcesSilicon Carbide and assessing performance. Our CODM is the Chief Executive Officer.
For further information about our reportable segments, please refer to Note 14, “Reportable Segments,” in our consolidated financial statements included in Item 8 of this Annual Report.
Products by Reportable Segment
Lighting Products Segment
Lighting Products revenue was $701.5 million, $889.1 million, and $906.5 million, representing 48%, 55%, and 56% of our revenue for the fiscal years ended June 25, 2017, June 26, 2016 and June 28, 2015, respectively. Lighting Products gross profit was $196.2 million, $238.2 million and $235.5 million and gross margin was 28%, 27% and 26% for the fiscal years 2017, 2016 and 2015, respectively.
Our Lighting Products segment primarily consists of LED lighting systems and lamps. We design, manufacture and sell lighting systems for indoor and outdoor applications, with our primary focus on LED lighting systems for the commercial, industrial and consumer markets. Lighting products are sold to distributors, retailers and direct to customers. Our portfolio of lighting products is designed for use in settings such as office and retail space, restaurants and hospitality, schools and universities, manufacturing, healthcare, airports, municipal, residential, street lighting and parking structures, among other applications.
LED Products Segment
LED Products revenue was $550.3 million, $551.2 million and $555.0 million representing 37%, 34%, and 34% of revenue for the fiscal years ended June 25, 2017, June 26, 2016 and June 28, 2015, respectively. LED Products gross profit was $151.7 million, $173.8 million and $159.0 million and gross margin was 28%, 32% and 29% for the fiscal years 2017, 2016 and 2015, respectively.
Our LED Products segment includes LED chips and LED components.
LED Chips
Our LED chip products include blue and green LED chips based on GaN and related materials. LED chips or die are solid state electronic components used in a number of applications and are currently available in a variety of brightness levels, wavelengths (colors) and sizes. We use our LED chips in the manufacturing of our LED components. Customers use our blue and green LED chips in a variety of applications including video screens, gaming displays, function indicator lights and automotive backlights, headlamps and directional indicators. Customers may also combine our blue LED chips with phosphors to create white LEDs, which are used in various applications for indoor and outdoor illumination and backlighting, full-color display screens, liquid crystal display (LCD) backlighting, white keypads and the camera flash function.
LED Components
Our LED components include a range of packaged LED products, from our XLamp® LED components and LED modules for lighting applications to our high-brightness LED components.
Our XLamp LED components and LED modules are designed to meet a broad range of market needs for lighting applications including general illumination (both indoor and outdoor applications), portable, architectural, signal and transportation lighting. We use our XLamp LED components in our own lighting products. We also sell XLamp LED components externally to customers and distributors for use in a variety of products, primarily for lighting applications.

Our high-brightness LED components consist of surface mount (SMD) and through-hole packaged LED products. Our SMD LED component products are available in a full range of colors designed to meet a broad range of market needs, including video, signage, general illumination, transportation, gaming and specialty lighting. Our through-hole packaged LED component products are available in a full range of colors primarily designed for the signage market and provide users with color and brightness consistency across a wide viewing area.
Wolfspeed Segment
Wolfspeed revenue was $221.2 million, $176.3 million, and $171.0 million, representing 15%, 11% and 10% of our revenue for the fiscal years ended June 25, 2017, June 26, 2016 and June 28, 2015, respectively. Wolfspeed gross profit was $103.5 million, $94.6 million and $99.7 million and gross margin was 47%, 54% and 58% for the fiscal years 2017, 2016 and 2015, respectively.
Our Wolfspeed segment includes SiC materials, power devices and RF devices.
SiC Materials
Our SiCSilicon Carbide materials products consist of crystals,Silicon Carbide bare wafers, epitaxial wafers, and GaN epitaxial layers on Silicon Carbide wafers. Our SiCSilicon Carbide materials are targeted for customers who use them to manufacture products for RF, power switching, gemstones and other applications. Corporate, government and university customers also buy SiCSilicon Carbide and GaN materials for research and development directed at RF and high power devices.
Power Devices
Our power device products consist of SiCSilicon Carbide Schottky diodes, metal oxide semiconductor field effect transistors (MOSFETs), and power modules and gate driver boards.modules. Our Silicon Carbide power products provide increased efficiency and faster switching speeds and as a result, reduced system size and weight over comparable silicon-basedsilicon power devices. Power products are sold primarily to customers and distributors for use in applications such as electric vehicles, including charging infrastructure, server power supplies, used in computer servers, solar inverters, uninterruptible power supplies, industrial power supplies and other applications.
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RF Devices
Our RF devices consist of GaNGaN-based die, high-electron mobility transistors (HEMT) and(HEMTs), monolithic microwave integrated circuits (MMICs), whichand laterally diffused MOSFET (LDMOS) power transistors that are optimized for next generation telecommunications infrastructure, military telecom and other commercial applications. Our RF devices are made from SiCsilicon, Silicon Carbide and GaN and can provide improved efficiency, bandwidths and frequency of operation as compared to silicon or GaAs.gallium arsenide (GaAs). We also provide custom die manufacturing for GaN HEMTs and MMICs that allow a customer to design its own custom RF circuits to be fabricated by us, or have us design and fabricate products that meet their specific requirements.
Financial Information about Geographic Areas of Customers and Assets
We derive a significant portion of our revenue from product sales to international customers. For information concerning geographic areas of our customers and geographic information concerning our long-lived assets, please see Note 14, “Reportable Segments,” in our consolidated financial statements included in Item 8 of this Annual Report. International operations expose us to risks that are different from operating in the United States, including foreign currency translation and transaction risk, risk of changes in tax laws, application of import/export laws and regulations and other risks described further in Item 1A, “Risk Factors,” of this Annual Report.
Research and Development
We invest significant resources in research and development. Our research and development activity includes efforts to:
develop Silicon Carbide materials and fabrication technology for a 200mm platform;
develop higher performance power and RF devices;
increase the quality, performance and diameter of our substrate and epitaxial materials; and
continually improve our manufacturing processes;
develop brighter, more efficient and lower cost LED chip and component products;
create new, and improve existing, LED components;
improve existing LED lighting products and develop new LED lighting systems and related controls; and
develop higher power diodes/switches and higher power/linearity RF devices.

processes.
When our customers participate in funding our research and development programs, we recognize the amount funded as a reduction of research and development expenses to the extent that our customers’ funding does not exceed our respective research and development costs. Research and development expenses were $158.5 million, $168.8 million and $182.8 million for the fiscal years ended June 25, 2017, June 26, 2016 and June 28, 2015, respectively. For further information about our research and development costs, see “Research and Development” in Item 7, “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations."
Sales and Marketing
We continuehave continued to make investments to expand our sales, marketing and technical applications support, andas well as distribution capabilities to sell our lighting products and further enable new and existing customers to design and implement LEDour Silicon Carbide and GaN materials, power, and RF technology into their products. We also continuehave continued to make investments to promote and build market awareness of the Creeour Wolfspeed brand. Our sales, marketing and technical applications teams include personnel throughout North America, Asia and Europe.
Customers
We have historicallyIn fiscal 2022, 2021 and 2020, we had a few keytwo, three, and two customers whothat represented more than 10% of our consolidated revenue. In fiscal 2017, revenue, from Arrow Electronics, Inc. (Arrow)respectively. These customers, in the aggregate, accounted for 12% of our total consolidated revenue. In fiscal 2016, revenue from Arrow accounted for 10% of our total consolidated revenue. In fiscal 2015, revenue from Arrow38%, 41%, and The Home Depot, Inc. (Home Depot) accounted for 12% and 11%33% of our total consolidated revenue respectively. Arrow is a customer of our LED Productsin fiscal 2022, 2021 and Wolfspeed segments. Home Depot is a customer of our Lighting Products segment.2020, respectively. For further discussion regarding customer concentration, please see Note 15,16, “Concentrations of Risk,” in our consolidated financial statements included in Item 8 of this Annual Report. The loss of any large customer could have a material adverse effect on our business and results of operations.
Distribution
A substantial portion of our products are sold to distributors. Distributors stock inventory and sell our products to their own customer base, which may include: value added resellers, manufacturers who incorporate our products into their own manufactured goods and ultimate end users of our products. We also utilize third-party sales representatives who generally do not maintain a product inventory; instead, their customers place orders directly with us or through distributors. We also sell a portion of our products through retailers, which stock inventory and sell our products directly to consumers.
Seasonality
Our Lighting Products segment historically has experienced, and in the future may experience, seasonally lower lighting fixture sales due to winter weather, impacting our fiscal second and third quarters. In addition, the retail lighting industry has historically had seasonally lower sales of light bulbs in the summer, which has impacted our fiscal fourth quarter and which may impact our fiscal first quarter. Our LED Products segment historically has experienced, and in the future may experience, seasonally lower sales during our fiscal third quarter due to the Chinese New Year holiday.  Our Wolfspeed segment is not generally subject to seasonality.
Our sales also vary based on other factors such as customer demand and government regulation.
If anticipated sales or shipments do not occur when expected, our results of operations for that quarter, and potentially for future quarters, may be adversely affected.
Backlog
Our backlog at June 25, 2017, the last day of our 2017 fiscal year,26, 2022 was approximately $453.7 million,$2.2 billion, compared with a backlog of approximately $181.7$763.9 million at June 26, 2016, the last day of our 2016 fiscal year.27, 2021. Because of the generally short cycle time between order and shipment and occasional customer changes in delivery schedules or cancellationa number of orders (which atfactors, including manufacturing lead times may be made without significant penalty),and customer order patterns, we do not believe that our backlog, as of any particular date, is necessarily indicative of actual net revenue for any future period. Additionally,Significant amounts of our backlog relate to agreements that extend past one year.
Our June 25, 201726, 2022 backlog contained $36.3$20.0 million of research contracts signed with the U.S. Government, forall of which approximately $29.5 million had not beenwere appropriated as of the last day of fiscal 2017.2022. Our June 26, 201627, 2021 backlog contained $45.0$12.6 million of research contracts signed with the U.S. Government, forall of which approximately $33.7 million was notwere appropriated as of the last day of fiscal 2016.2021. Our backlog could be adversely affected if the U.S. Government exercises its rights to terminate our government contractscontracts.
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Manufacturing
We manufacture Silicon Carbide substrates, Silicon Carbide MOSFETs, Schottky diodes and power modules as well as GaN on Silicon Carbide RF devices and LDMOS power transistors. We utilize manufacturing facilities located in the United States in combination with assembly and test subcontractors throughout Asia. Manufacturing assets are managed together through one centralized organization to ensure we leverage scale in asset utilization, purchasing volumes, and overhead costs across the business.
Silicon Carbide substrate manufacturing occurs in our highly complex materials factory and involves production of a bare wafer substrate with or does not appropriatewithout epitaxy. Our front-end processes occur in manufacturing facilities called "wafer fabs". These processes involve several hundred manufacturing steps required for imprinting silicon carbide wafers with the precise circuitry required for semiconductor devices to function. Back-end processes include the assembly, test and allocate allpackaging of semiconductors to make them suitable for use and sale.
Yields in our manufacturing process can vary and are dependent upon multiple factors including product complexity and performance requirements as well as the maturity of the funding contemplated byprocess. In order to maximize both yield and quality, we maintain in-line process monitoring and testing.
Our substrate and wafer fab manufacturing facilities are certified to ISO 9001, IATF 16949 (automotive), and ISO 14001 (environmental). ISO 9001 is the contracts.

international standard that specifies requirements for a quality management system and focuses on the ability to consistently provide products and services that meet customer requirements. IATF 16949 is the highest international quality standard for the automotive industry. ISO 14001 is an internationally agreed upon standard for an environmental management system.
Sources of Raw Materials
We depend on a number of suppliers for certain raw materials, components and equipment used in manufacturing our products, including certain key materials and equipment used in critical stages of our manufacturing processes. We generallyIn select cases, we have purchase these limited sourcecontracts with suppliers in place to help insure our supply. In other cases, we purchase items pursuant to discrete purchase orders and have limited guaranteed supply arrangements with our suppliers.orders. Our suppliers are located around the world and can be subject to many constraints limiting supply that are beyond our control.control that may limit supply. We believe our current supply of essential materials is sufficient to meet our needs. However, shortages have occurred from time to time and could occur again.
CompetitionFor raw materials used in semiconductor production, the global semiconductor shortage has put pressure on the ability to obtain some raw materials. We have focused on forecasting demand further out in time in order to secure raw materials that may have extended lead times and we have been working with suppliers to develop purchase agreements that provide supply over extended time periods.
We are starting to experience higher prices on our raw materials as a result of inflation pressures, including base price increases and price surcharges. Additionally, we have continued to experience impacts with logistics, including increased freight costs and lower shipping capacities. We are closely following logistical impacts as they happen and are working closely with suppliers to prepare shipping arrangements in advance of departure dates to ensure we secure logistics slots.
We have and may continue to experience isolated issues with our suppliers related to the COVID-19 pandemic. These issues usually relate to extensions of lead times or impacts due to work force restrictions imposed at a regional level. When these occur, we closely monitor deliveries with suppliers to help us have the opportunity to decrease or eliminate any future delays.
We have been successful in managing through these issues and we believe our operations are currently not materially impacted by Reportable Segment
Our success depends on our ability to keep pace with the evolving technology standards of the industries we serve. These industries are characterized by rapid technological change, frequent introduction of new products, short product life cycles, changes in end user and customer requirements, and a competitive pricing environment. The evolving nature of these industries may render our existing or future products obsolete, noncompetitive or unmarketable. Any of these developments could have an adverse effect on our business, results of operations and financial condition.
Lighting Products Segment
Our Lighting Products segment currently faces competition from lighting fixture companies and lamp manufacturers. Lighting companies such as Acuity Brands, Inc., the Cooper Lighting division of Eaton Corporation plc, General Electric Company, Hubbell Incorporated, Koninklijke Philips Electronics N.V. (Philips) and OSRAM Opto Semiconductors GmbH (OSRAM) are the main competitors in this market, but there are also many small and medium sized lighting competitors.
Our LED lighting products compete against traditional lighting products that use incandescent, fluorescent, halogen, ceramic metal halide, high pressure sodium or other lighting technologies. Our LED lighting products compete against traditional lighting products based upon superior energy savings, extended life, improved lighting quality and lower total cost of ownership. We also compete with LED-based products from other lamp and fixture companies, some of which are customers for our LED chips and LED components. Our products compete on the basis of color quality and consistency, superior light output, reduced energy consumption, brand, customer service and lower total cost of ownership.
LED Products Segment
Our LED Products segment’s primary competitors are Nichia Corporation (Nichia), OSRAM, Philips and Samsung LED Company (Samsung).
LED Chips
The primary competition for our LED chip products comes from companies that manufacture and/or sell nitride-based LED chips. We consider Nichia to be a competitor because it sells LED chips to a select number of LED packaging companies and it sells packaged LEDs that most often compete directly with packaged LEDs made and sold by our chip customers. We believe, based on industry information, that Nichia currently has the largest market share for nitride-based LEDs.
There are many other LED chip producers who sell blue, green and white LED chip products, including OSRAM, Epistar Corporation and San’an. These competitors make products for a variety of applications in a range of performance levels that compete directly with our LED chip products.
Overall, we believe that performance, price and strength of intellectual property are the most significant factors to compete successfully in the nitride LED market. We believe our products are well positioned to meet the market performance requirements; however, there is significant pricing pressure from a number of competitors, including new companies based in China. We continually strive to improve our competitive position by developing brighter and higher performing LED chips while focusing on lowering costs.
LED Components
The market for lighting class LED components is concentrated primarily in indoor and outdoor commercial lighting; specialty lighting, including torch lamps (flashlights); color changing architectural lighting; signs and signals; and transportation. Nichia, OSRAM, Lumileds Holding B.V., MLS, Everlight, Seoul Semiconductor and Samsung are the main competitors in these markets. These companies sell LED components that compete indirectly with our target customers for LED chips and compete directly with our XLamp LEDsource raw materials, components and LED modules. There are a large number of other companies, primarily basedequipment used in Asia, that offer products designed to compete both directlymanufacturing our products.
Competition
Silicon Carbide and indirectly with our LED components in lighting and other applications. We are positioning our XLamp LED components and LED modules to compete in this market based on performance, price and usability.

Our high-brightness LED components compete with a larger number of companies around the world in a variety of applications including signage, video, transportation, gaming and specialty lighting. We are positioning our high-brightness LED components to compete in this market based on performance, price, availability and usability.
Wolfspeed Segment
SiCGaN Materials
We have continued to maintain oura well-established leadership position in the sale of SiC bulk material, SiCSilicon Carbide wafer and SiCSilicon Carbide and GaN epitaxy products. As market adoption of the technology grows with rapidly expanding power and RF device designs, we are experiencinghave experienced increased competition from companies such as Dow Corning, II-VI Advanced Materials,Materials/Coherent, Inc., SiCrystal Nippon SteelGmbH, IQE plc and Sumitomo Metal Corporation.Showa Denko K.K. We believe our leading technology and leveraged production scale position us to reliably supply production volumes to the device manufacturers in the market.
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Power Devices
Our SiC-basedSilicon Carbide power devices compete with SiCSilicon Carbide power semiconductor solutions offered by Infineon Microsemi Corporation, Mitsubishi ElectricTechnologies AG, ON Semiconductor Corporation, Rohm Co. Ltd., and STMicroelectronics, Inc.ST Microelectronics, as well as an increasing number of smaller competitors. Our Silicon Carbide products also compete with existingsilicon semiconductor devices offered by a variety of manufacturers. Our power products compete in the power semiconductor market on the basis of performance, reliability and overall system price.
RF Devices
Our RF devices compete with Ampleon Netherlands B.V., M/A-COM Technology Solutions Inc., Microsemi Corporation,BOWEI Integrated Circuits Co., Ltd., Mitsubishi, Electric Corporation, Sumitomo Electric Device Innovations,NXP Semiconductor N.V., RFHIC, Qorvo, Inc. and Qorvo, Inc.Sumitomo, which all offer GaNcompeting RF products that compete directly with our GaN HEMT products.and solutions. Our products also compete with a variety of companies offering silicon and GaAs-based products. Our products compete in the RF semiconductor market on the basis of reliability, performance, design predictability and overall system price.
Patents and Other Intellectual Property Rights
We believe it is important to protect our investment in technology by obtaining and enforcing intellectual property rights, including rights under patent, trademark, trade secret and copyright laws. We seek to protect inventions we consider significant by applying for patents in the United States and other countries when appropriate. We have also acquired, through license grants, purchases and assignments, rights to patents on inventions originally developed by others. As of June 25, 2017,26, 2022, we owned or were the exclusive licensee of 2,105675 issued U.S. patents and approximately 3,0821,340 foreign patents with various expiration dates extending up to 2041.2046, with certain patents expiring in the near term. We do not consider our business to be materially dependent upon any one patent, and we believe our business will not be materially adversely affected by the expiration of any one patent. For proprietary technology that is not patented, we generally seek to protect the technology and related know-how and information as trade secrets by keeping confidential the information that we believe provides us with a competitive advantage. We attempt to create strong brands for our products and promote our products through trademarks that distinguish them in the market. We may license to our customers to use of our trademarks in connection with the sale of our products, and we monitor for the proper and authorized use of our marks.trademarks.
Licensing activities and lawsuits to enforce intellectual property rights, particularly patent rights, are a common aspect of the semiconductor LED and lighting industries,industry, and we attempt to ensure respect for our intellectual property rights through appropriate actions. The breadth of our intellectual property rights and the extent to which they can be successfully enforced varies across jurisdictions. We both make and receive inquiries regarding possible patent infringements and possible violations of other intellectual property rights in the normal course of business. Depending on the circumstances, we may seek to negotiate a license or other acceptable resolution. If we are unable to achieve a resolution by agreement, we may seek to enforce our rights or defend our position through litigation. Patent litigation in particular is expensive and the outcome is often uncertain. We believe that the strength of our portfolio of patent rights is important in helping us resolve or avoid such disputes with other companies in our industry.
EnvironmentalGovernmental Regulation
We are subject to a variety of federal, state, local and localforeign provisions regulating the discharge of materials into the environment or otherwise relating to the protection of the environment. These include statutory and regulatory provisions under which we are responsible for the management of hazardous materials we use and the disposition of hazardous wastes resulting from our manufacturing processes. Failure to comply with such provisions could result in fines and other liabilities to the government or third parties, injunctions requiring us to suspend or curtail operations or other remedies, and could have a material adverse effect on our business.

Increasing public attention has been focused on the environmental impact of semiconductor manufacturing operations. We, along with the rest of the semiconductor industry, are subject to variable interpretations and governmental priorities concerning environmental laws and regulations.
We endorse and adhere to Environment, Health and Safety (EHS) standards for all our sites. It is our EHS goal to design and develop products safely, that realize energy efficiency, minimize environmental impacts, and have sustainable life cycles. In this manner, we are striving to continuously improve our EHS performance and reduce the overall impacts of our manufacturing processes. To further ensure that we can implement such standards, we are dedicated to:
providing a safe and healthy work environment for our employees;
complying with regulatory and other requirements;
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using natural resources, energy, and materials efficiently;
substituting sustainable resources in place of non-renewable resources;
reusing or recycling materials wherever technically possible and economically reasonable;
minimizing waste and disposing of waste safely and responsibly;
sourcing raw material responsibly;
implementing specific measures to prevent and minimize hazards to humans; and the environment including pollution prevention; and
consulting with and encouraging the participation of workers and workers’ representatives, as applicable.
Our EHS management systems in our manufacturing facilities in Durham and Research Triangle Park, North Carolina and Morgan Hill, California are certified to ISO 14001:2015 for environmental management. The benefits of implementing environmental and safety management systems include improved risk management, cost savings, meeting external stakeholder expectations, ensuring compliance with environmental and occupational safety laws, and decreasing our environmental footprint through discovering new possibilities for energy, water and waste usage reductions.
We are also subject to import-export controls, tariffs and other trade-related regulations and restrictions in countries in which we have operations or otherwise do business. These controls, tariffs, regulations, and restrictions (including those related to, or affected by, United States-China relations, as discussed below in Item 1A of this Report) may have a material impact on our business, including our ability to sell products and to manufacture or source components.
Working Capital
For a discussion of our working capital practices, see “Liquidity and Capital Resources” in Item 7, “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations."
Human Capital
Employees
As of June 25, 2017,26, 2022, we employed 6,0394,017 regular full and part-time employees. We also employ individuals on a temporary full-time basis and use the services of contractors as necessary. Certain of our employees in various countries outside of the United States are subject to laws providing representation rights.
Employee Retention and Development
We believe that our future success largely depends upon our continued ability to identify, attract, motivate and retain qualified personnel. Core to our ability to attract and retain talent is our high-performance culture, which is based on our three central values of (1) integrity and respect, (2) ownership and accountability, and (3) ingenuity and passion. We are committed to creating and sustaining a culture where all employees are engaged and can contribute to their full potential. We aim to provide our employees with competitive compensation, as well as opportunities for equity ownership and developmental programs that enable continued learning and growth. We endeavor to utilize recruiting practices that yield qualified and dedicated employees who are driven to achieve our vision.
We are committed to offering an environment in which employees are ensured equal job opportunities and have a chance for advancement. We also have initiatives in place to reduce our global employee turnover rates, which are monitored and reviewed quarterly. Our goal is to ensure employees can find development and career growth without having to leave Wolfspeed.
Compensation and Benefits
We are focused on offering competitive compensation and comprehensive benefit packages designed to promote the physical and emotional well-being and financial health of our employees. Our total compensation package includes base pay, bonuses, stock-based compensation, employee stock purchase plans, employee referral bonuses, adoption assistance and a family care program.
Health and Safety
The safety, health, and overall well-being of our employees and contractors is integrated into the way we do business. We aim to provide a safe and healthy work environment through various measures, including accountability for health and safety performance with line management, setting acceptable levels of risk based on government regulation or industry best practice, and evaluating health and safety incidents to prevent recurrence, among other programs.
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In response to the COVID-19 pandemic, we implemented safety protocols and new procedures to protect our employees, customers and suppliers. In line with guidance from the World Health Organization, Center for Disease Control, local health authorities and other governmental authorities, we have implemented numerous preventative hygiene and safety measures at our facilities, and moved to a fully remote work model for employees who were able to perform their job duties from an off-campus location. As the pandemic continues, the health and well-being of our workforce remains a top priority while we work to ensure productivity for those employees working from home. Recently, some employees have returned to working in the office, however, we also offer a 'work where it works' arrangement that allows certain employees to continue to have the option of working remotely part-time or full-time.
Diversity and Inclusion
We believe diversity, equity, and inclusion drives better business results and makes all of us better employees and people. We are striving to build an environment where inclusivity is real and active, rather than theoretical and static. We celebrate our employees’ differences and authenticity, and understand that diverse ideas, perspectives, thinking styles, and backgrounds produce higher quality decisions, enabling us to solve problems other companies consider to be impossible. Our efforts to foster a diverse and inclusive workplace include Employee Resources Groups, a Diversity, Equity and Inclusion leadership team that partners with our Human Resources department and various scholarship programs in our surrounding communities. We believe these initiatives help contribute to the development of future leaders, increased employee engagement and expanded market reach.
Available Information
Our website address is www.cree.com. We make available free of charge throughwww.wolfspeed.com and our investor relations website ouris located at https://investor.wolfspeed.com. Our Annual Reports on Form 10-K, Quarterly Reports on Form 10-Q, including Interactive Data Files, and Current Reports on Form 8-K, proxy statements, statements of changes in beneficial ownership and amendments to thesethose reports are available for free on our investor relations website as soon as reasonably practicable after wethese are electronically file such materialfiled with, or furnish such materialfurnished to, the SEC. These reports may be accessed fromThe contents of our website, by following the links under “Investors,” then “SEC Filings.” The information found onincluding our investor relations website, is not part ofincorporated by reference into this filing or any other report we file with or furnish to the SEC. We have no duty to update or revise any forward-looking statements in this Annual Report or in other reports filed with the SEC, whether as a result of new information, future events or otherwise, unless we are required to do so by law. A copyThe SEC maintains a website (www.sec.gov) that contains reports, proxy and information statements and other information regarding issuers that file electronically with the SEC.
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Table of this Annual Report and our other reports is available without charge upon written request to Investor Relations, Cree, Inc., 4600 Silicon Drive, Durham, North Carolina 27703.Contents
Item 1A. Risk Factors
Described below are various risks and uncertainties that may affect our business. If any of the risks described below actually occurs, our business, financial condition or results of operations could be materially and adversely affected.
Our operating results are substantially dependent onRisk categories:
Risks related to our global operations, including global macroeconomic and market risks
Risks related to the acceptanceeffects of new products.COVID-19 and other potential future public health crises, pandemics or similar events
Risks related to sales, product development and manufacturing
Risks associated with our strategic transactions
Risks associated with cybersecurity, intellectual property and litigation
Risks related to legal, regulatory, accounting, tax and compliance matters
General risk factors
Risks related to our global operations, including global macroeconomic and market risks
Our future successbusiness may depend on our ability to deliver new, higher performing and lower cost solutions for existing and newbe adversely affected by the state of the global economy, uncertainties in global financial markets, and forpossible trade tariffs and trade restrictions.
Our operations and performance depend significantly on worldwide economic and geopolitical conditions. Uncertainty about global economic conditions could result in customers to accept those solutions. We must introduce new products in a timely and cost-effective manner, and we must secure production orders for those products from our customers. The development of new products is a highly complex process, and we have in some instances experienced delays in completing the development and introduction of new products which has impacted our results in the past, such as in our fiscal 2016 third quarter and beyond. Our research and development efforts are aimed at solving increasingly complex problems, and we do not expect that all of our projects will be successful. The successful development, introduction and acceptance of new products depend on a number of factors, including the following:
achievement of technology breakthroughs required to make commercially viable products;
the accuracy of our predictions for market requirements;
our ability to predict, influence and/or react to evolving standards;
acceptance of our new product and systems designs;
acceptance of new technology in certain markets;
the availability of qualified research and development personnel;
our timely completion of product designs and development;
our ability to develop repeatable processes to manufacture new products in sufficient quantities, with the desired specifications and at competitive costs;
our ability to effectively transfer increasingly complex products and technology from development to manufacturing;
our customers’ ability to develop competitive products incorporating our products; and
market acceptancepostponing purchases of our products and services in response to tighter credit, unemployment, negative financial news and/or declines in income or asset values and other macroeconomic factors, which could have a material negative effect on demand for our customers’products and services and, accordingly, on our business, results of operations or financial condition. For example, current global financial markets continue to reflect uncertainty, which has been heightened by the COVID-19 pandemic and the ongoing military conflict between Russia and Ukraine. Given these uncertainties, there could be further disruptions to the global economy, financial markets and consumer confidence. If economic conditions deteriorate unexpectedly, our business and results of operations could be materially and adversely affected. For example, our customers, including our distributors and their customers, may experience difficulty obtaining the working capital and other financing necessary to support historical or projected purchasing patterns, which could negatively affect our results of operations.
Recent global economic slowdowns could continue and potentially result in certain economies dipping into economic recessions, including in the United States. Additionally, increased inflation around the world, including in the United States, applies pressure to our costs. Continued economic slowdowns or recessions and inflationary pressures could have a negative impact on our business, including decreased demand, increased costs, and other challenges. Government actions to address economic slowdowns and increased inflation, including increased interest rates, also could result in negative impacts to our growth.
General trade tensions between the United States and China have been escalating, and any economic and political uncertainty caused by the United States tariffs imposed on goods from China, among other potential countries, and any corresponding tariffs or currency devaluations from China or such other countries in response, has negatively impacted, and may in the future, negatively impact, demand and/or increase the cost for our products. Additionally, Russia’s invasion of Ukraine in early 2022 triggered significant sanctions from U.S. and European countries. Resulting changes in U.S. trade policy could trigger retaliatory actions by Russia, its allies and other affected countries, including China, resulting in a potential trade war. Furthermore, if the conflict between Russia and Ukraine continues for a prolonged period of time, or if other countries, including the U.S., become involved in the conflict, we could face significant adverse effects to our business and financial condition. For example, if our supply or customer arrangements are disrupted due to expanded sanctions or involvement of countries where we have operations or relationships, our business could be materially disrupted. Further, the use of cyberattacks could expand as part of the conflict, which could adversely affect our ability to maintain or enhance our cyber-security and data protection measures.
If anyAlthough we believe we have adequate liquidity and capital resources to fund our operations internally and under our existing line of thesecredit, our inability to access the capital markets on favorable terms in the future, or other similar factors becomes problematic,at all, may adversely affect our financial performance. The inability to obtain adequate financing from debt or capital sources in the future could force us to self-fund strategic initiatives or even forego certain opportunities, which in turn could potentially harm our performance.
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We are subject to risks related to international sales and purchases.
We expect that revenue from international sales will continue to represent a significant portion of our total revenue. As such, a significant slowdown or instability in relevant foreign economies or lower investments in new infrastructure, could have a negative impact on our sales. We also purchase a portion of the materials included in our products from overseas sources.
Our international sales and purchases are subject to numerous United States and foreign laws and regulations, including, without limitation, tariffs, trade sanctions, trade barriers, trade embargoes, regulations relating to import-export control, technology transfer restrictions, the International Traffic in Arms Regulation promulgated under the Arms Export Control Act, the Foreign Corrupt Practices Act and the anti-boycott provisions of the U.S. Export Administration Act. The U.S. Government has imposed, and in the future may impose, restrictions on shipments to some of our current customers. Government restrictions on sales to certain foreign customers will reduce company revenue and profit related to those customers in the short term and could have a potential long-term impact.
Our international sales are subject to variability as our selling prices become less competitive in countries with currencies that are declining in value against the U.S. Dollar and more competitive in countries with currencies that are increasing in value against the U.S. Dollar. In addition, our international purchases can become more expensive if the U.S. Dollar weakens against the foreign currencies in which we are billed. We may in the future enter into foreign currency derivative financial instruments in an effort to manage or hedge some of our foreign exchange rate risk. We may not be able to deliverengage in hedging transactions in the future, and, introduce neweven if we do, foreign currency fluctuations may still have a material adverse effect on our results of operations.
Our operations in foreign countries expose us to certain risks inherent in doing business internationally, which may adversely affect our business, results of operations or financial condition.
We have revenue, operations and contract manufacturing arrangements in foreign countries that expose us to certain risks. For example, fluctuations in exchange rates may affect our revenue, expenses and results of operations as well as the value of our assets and liabilities as reflected in our financial statements. We are also subject to other types of risks, including the following:
protection of intellectual property and trade secrets;
tariffs, customs, trade sanctions, trade embargoes and other barriers to importing/exporting materials and products in a cost-effective and timely manner, or cost-effective manner.changes in applicable tariffs or custom rules;

the burden of complying with and changes in United States or international taxation policies;
timing and availability of export licenses;
rising labor costs;
disruptions in or inadequate infrastructure of the countries where we operate;
the impact of public health epidemics on employees and the global economy, such as COVID-19;
difficulties in collecting accounts receivable;
difficulties in staffing and managing international operations; and
the burden of complying with foreign and international laws and treaties.
For example, the United States has imposed significant tariffs on Chinese-made goods, which the Biden administration has previously indicated will largely remain in place. The tariffs imposed on Chinese goods, among other potential countries and any corresponding tariffs from China or such other countries in response has, and may in the future, negatively impact demand and/or increase the costs for our products. In some instances, we have received and may continue to receive incentives from foreign governments to encourage our investment in certain countries, regions or areas outside of the United States. Government incentives may include tax rebates, reduced tax rates, favorable lending policies and other measures, some or all of which may be available to us due to our foreign operations. Any of these incentives could be reduced or eliminated by governmental authorities at any time or as a result of our inability to maintain minimum operations necessary to earn the incentives. Any reduction or elimination of incentives currently provided for our operations could adversely affect our business and results of operations. These same governments also may provide increased incentives to or require production processes that favor local companies, which could further negatively impact our business and results of operations.
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Changes in regulatory, geopolitical, social, economic, or monetary policies and other factors, including those which may result from the Biden administration and Democratic control of Congress, if any, may have a material adverse effect on our business in the future, or may require us to exit a particular market or significantly modify our current business practices. For example, President Biden has proposed, among other changes to the tax code, an increase in the U.S. corporate income tax rate from 21% to 28% and an increase of the U.S. tax rate on foreign income from 10% to 21%. In addition, the U.S. Treasury Department supports the adoption of a global minimum corporate tax rate of at least 15%, which is under consideration in the U.S. Congress following approval by the leaders of the G-20 in October 2021. The plan, if enacted by the U.S. and other nations, could result in a higher effective tax rate than is currently enacted. Abrupt political change, terrorist activity and armed conflict pose a risk of general economic disruption in affected countries, which could also result in an adverse effect on our business and results of operations.
Risks related to the effects of COVID-19 and other potential future public health crises, pandemics or similar events.
We may be subject to volatility and uncertainty in customer demand, supply chains, worldwide economies and financial markets resulting from the COVID-19 pandemic or other outbreak of infectious disease or similar public health threat.
We have significant manufacturing operations in the United States and contract manufacturing agreements in Asia, which were affected by the COVID-19 pandemic and the measures to try to contain it. We initially experienced some limited disruptions in supply from some of our suppliers, although the disruptions to date have not been significant. At some of our contract manufacturers in Asia, which include captive lines and contract packaging facilities, we have experienced, and may experience in the future, some disruptions in supply from containment measures.
The emergence of fast-spreading variants and the potential waning effectiveness of vaccines have introduced renewed uncertainty into whether additional measures will be implemented to combat the spread of COVID-19. Restrictions on access to our manufacturing facilities or on our support operations or workforce, or similar limitations for our vendors and suppliers, and restrictions or disruptions of transportation, such as reduced availability of air transport, port closures, and increased border controls or closures, could limit our ability to meet customer demand, lead to increased costs and have a material adverse effect on our financial condition and results of operations.
The COVID-19 pandemic has significantly increased economic and demand uncertainty. These uncertainties also make it more difficult for us to assess the quality of our product order backlog and to estimate future financial results. The COVID-19 pandemic initially caused an economic slowdown, and the continued spread of COVID-19 and its variants could contribute to or exacerbate a global economic slowdown or recession, which could have a material adverse effect on demand for our products and on our financial condition and results of operations.
The spread of COVID-19 and its variants has caused us to modify our business practices (including employee travel, employee work locations, and cancellation of physical participation in meetings, events, and conferences), and we may take further actions as may be required by government authorities or that we determine are in the best interests of our employees, customers, partners, and suppliers. There is no certainty that such measures will be sufficient to mitigate the risks posed by the virus and its variants, and our ability to perform critical functions could be harmed. In addition, in light of concerns about the spread of COVID-19 and its variants, our workforce has at times been operating at reduced levels at our manufacturing facilities and at the facilities of some of our contract manufacturers, which may continue to have an adverse impact on our ability to timely meet future customer orders.
The duration of the business disruption and related financial impact of the COVID-19 pandemic cannot be reasonably estimated at this time. However, it may materially affect our ability to obtain raw materials, manage input costs, manage customer credit risk, manufacture products or deliver inventory in a timely manner, and it also may impair our ability to meet customer demand for products, result in lost sales, additional costs, or penalties, or damage our reputation. The extent to which COVID-19, its variants or an outbreak of any other infectious disease, such as monkeypox, will further impact our operations and results will depend on future developments, which are highly uncertain and cannot be predicted, including new information which may emerge concerning the severity of COVID-19 and its variants, the efficacy and effectiveness of vaccines, and the actions to contain the virus or treat its impact, among others.
Risks related to sales, product development and manufacturing
We face significant challenges managing our growth strategy.
Our potential for growth depends significantly on the adoption of our products within the markets we serve and for other applications, and our ability to affect this rate of adoption. In order to manage our growth and business strategy effectively relative to the uncertain pace of adoption, we must continue to:
expand the capability
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maintain, expand, construct and purchase adequate manufacturing facilities and equipment, as well as secure sufficient third-party manufacturing resources, to meet customer demand;demand, including specifically the expansion of our Silicon Carbide capacity with the opening of a state-of-the-art, automated 200mm capable Silicon Carbide device fabrication facility and an expansion of our materials factory;
manage an increasingly complex supply chain (including managing the impacts of ongoing supply constraints in the semiconductor industry) that has the ability to supply an increasing number of raw materials, subsystems and finished products with the required specifications and quality, and deliver on time to our manufacturing facilities, our third partythird-party manufacturing facilities, our logistics operations, or our logistics operations;customers;
access capital markets to fund our growth initiatives, including our ongoing capacity expansions;
expand the capability of our information systems to support a more complex business, such as our current initiative to implement a new company-wide enterprise resource planning (ERP) system;
be successful in securing design-ins across our end markets, including automotive applications;
expand research and development, sales and marketing, technical support, distribution capabilities, manufacturing planning and administrative functions;
safeguard confidential information and protect our intellectual property;
manage organizational complexity and communication;
expand the skills and capabilities of our current management team;
add experienced senior level managers and executives;
attract and retain qualified employees; and
adequatelyexecute, maintain and adjust the operational and financial controls that support our business.
We are also increasingly dependent on information technology to enable us to improve the effectiveness of our operations and to maintain financial accuracy and efficiency. For example, the implementation of a new information technology platform at our Racine operations in our 2016 fiscal third quarter led to service interruptions that resulted in lower commercial lighting orders and revenues during that quarter and beyond. Allocation and effective management of the resources necessary to successfully implement, integrate, train personnel and sustain this new platform will remain critical to ensure that we are not subject to transaction errors, processing inefficiencies, loss of customers, business disruptions or loss of or damage to intellectual property through a security breach in the near term. Additionally, we face these same risks if we fail to allocate and effectively manage the resources necessary to build, implement, upgrade, integrate and sustain appropriate technology infrastructure over the longer term.
While we intend to continue to focus on managing our costs and expenses, over the long term we expect to invest to support our growth and may have additional unexpected costs. Such investments take time to become fully operational, and we may not be able to expand quickly enough to exploit targeted market opportunities. In connection with our efforts to cost-effectively manage our growth, we have increasingly relied on contractors for production capacity, logistics support and certain administrative functions including hosting of certain information technology software applications. If our contract manufacturers original design manufacturers (ODMs)(including those at which we maintain captive lines) or other service providers do not perform effectively, we may not be able to achieve the expected cost savings and may incur additional costs to correct errors or fulfill customer demand. Depending on the function involved, such errors may also lead to business disruption, processing inefficiencies, the loss of or damage to intellectual property through security breach, or an impact on employee morale. Our operations may also be negatively impacted if any of these contract manufacturers ODMs or other service providers do not have the financial capability to meet our growing needs.
There are also inherent execution risks in starting up a new factory or expanding production capacity, whether one of our own factories or that of our contract manufacturers, or ODMs, oras well as risks to moving production to different contract manufacturers, or ODMs, that could increase costs and reduce our operating results,results. In the fourth quarter of fiscal 2022, we opened a new Silicon Carbide device fabrication facility in Marcy, New York to complement the materials factory expansion underway at our United States campus headquarters in Durham, North Carolina. The establishment and operation of a new manufacturing facility or expansion of an existing facility involves significant risks and challenges, including, but not limited to, the following:
design and construction delays and cost overruns, overruns;
issues in installing and qualifying new equipment and ramping production;
poor production process yields and reduced quality control.control; and

insufficient personnel with requisite expertise and experience to operate a Silicon Carbide device fabrication facility.
We operate in industriesare also increasingly dependent on information technology to enable us to improve the effectiveness of our operations and to maintain financial accuracy and efficiency. Allocation and effective management of the resources necessary to successfully implement, integrate, train personnel and sustain our information technology platforms will remain critical to ensure that we are not subject to significant fluctuation in supply and demand and ultimately pricing that affects our revenue and profitability.
The industries we serve are in different stagestransaction errors, processing inefficiencies, loss of adoption and are characterized by constant and rapid technological change, rapid product obsolescence and price erosion, evolving standards, short product life-cyclescustomers, business disruptions or loss of or damage to intellectual property through a security breach in the casenear term. Additionally, we face these same risks if we fail to allocate and effectively manage the resources necessary to build, implement, upgrade, integrate and sustain appropriate technology infrastructure over the longer term.
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Our operating results are substantially dependent on the LED industryacceptance of new products.
Our future success may depend on our ability to deliver new, higher performing and/or lower cost solutions for existing and fluctuationsnew markets and for customers to accept those solutions. The development of new products is a highly complex process, and we have in product supplysome instances experienced delays in completing the development, introduction and demand. The LED, power and RF industries have experienced significant fluctuations, often in connection with, or in anticipationqualification of product cycles and changes in general economic conditions. The semiconductor industry is characterized by rapid technological change, high capital expenditures, short product life cycles and continuous advancements in process technologies and manufacturing facilities. As the markets fornew products which has impacted our products mature, additional fluctuations may result from variability and consolidations within the industry’s customer base. These fluctuations have been characterized by lower product demand, production overcapacity, higher inventory levels and increased pricing pressure. These fluctuations have also been characterized by higher demand for key components and equipment used in, orresults in the manufacturepast. Our research and development efforts are aimed at solving increasingly complex problems, and we do not expect that all our projects will be successful. The successful development, introduction and acceptance of ournew products resulting in longer lead times, supply delays and production disruptions.
We have experienced these conditions in our business and may experience such conditions in the future, which could have a material negative impact on our business, results of operations or financial condition. For example, in the fourth quarter of fiscal 2015, we commenced a restructuring plan for our LED business that reduced excess capacity and overhead as well as increased reserves as the result of a more aggressive pricing environment. The restructuring activity ended in the second quarter of fiscal 2016.
In addition, as we diversify our product offerings and as pricing differences in the average selling prices among our product lines widen, a change in the mix of sales among our product lines may increase volatility in our revenue and gross margin from period to period.
If we are unable to effectively develop, manage and expand our sales channels for our products, our operating results may suffer.
We have expanded into business channels that are different from those in which we have historically operated as we grow our business and sell more lighting, LED, power and RF products. Our sales agents have in the past and may in the future choose to drop our product lines from their portfolio to avoid losing access to our competitors’ products, resulting in a disruption in the project pipeline and lower than targeted sales for our products. Our sales agents have the ability to shift business to different suppliers within their product portfolio baseddepend on a number of factors, including customer servicethe following:
qualification and acceptance of our new product availability. We selland systems designs, specifically entering into automotive applications which require even more stringent levels of qualification and standards;
our ability to effectively transfer increasingly complex products and technology from development to manufacturing, including the transition to 200mm substrates;
our ability to introduce new products in a portiontimely and cost-effective manner;
our ability to secure volume purchase orders related to new products;
achievement of technology breakthroughs required to make commercially viable products;
our ability to convert customer design-ins to sales of significant volume, and, if customer design-in activity does result in such sales, when such sales will ultimately occur and what the amount of such sales will be;
the accuracy of our lightingpredictions for market requirements;
our ability to predict, influence and/or react to evolving standards;
acceptance of new technology in certain markets;
our ability to protect intellectual property developed in new products;
the availability of qualified research and development personnel;
our timely completion of product designs and development;
our ability to develop repeatable processes to manufacture new products through retailers whoin sufficient quantities, with the desired specifications and at competitive costs;
our customers’ ability to develop competitive products incorporating our products; and
market acceptance of our products and our customers’ products.
If any of these or other similar factors becomes problematic, we may alter their promotional pricingnot be able to deliver and introduce new products in a timely or inventory strategies, whichcost-effective manner.
Variations in our production could impact our targeted salesability to reduce costs and could cause our margins to decline and our operating results to suffer.
All of our products are manufactured using technologies that are highly complex. The number of usable items, or yield, from our production processes may fluctuate as a result of many factors, including but not limited to the following:
variability in our process repeatability and control;
contamination of the manufacturing environment;
equipment failure, power outages, fires, flooding, information or other system failures or variations in the manufacturing process;
lack of consistency and adequate quality and quantity of piece parts, other raw materials and other bill of materials items;
inventory shrinkage or human errors;
defects in production processes (including system assembly) either within our facilities or at our suppliers; and
any transitions or changes in our production process, planned or unplanned.
In the past, we have experienced difficulties in achieving acceptable yields on certain products, which has adversely affected our operating results. We may experience similar problems in the future, and we cannot predict when they may occur or their severity.
In some instances, we may offer products for future delivery at prices based on planned yield improvements or increased cost efficiencies from other production advances. Failure to achieve these products. Ifplanned improvements or advances could have a significant impact on our margins and operating results.
In addition, our ability to convert volume manufacturing to larger diameter substrates can be an important factor in providing a more cost-effective manufacturing process. We continue to prepare for production using 200mm substrates and if we are unable to effectively penetrate these channelsmake this transition in a timely or develop alternate channels to ensurecost-effective manner, our products are reaching the intended customer base, our financial results may be adversely impacted. In addition, if we successfully penetrate or develop these channels, we cannot guarantee that customers will accept our products or that we will be able to manufacture and deliver them in the timeline established by our customers.
We sell a substantial portion of our products to distributors. We rely on distributors to develop and expand their customer base as well as anticipate demand from their customers. If they are not successful, our growth and profitability may be adversely impacted. Distributors must balance the need to have enough products in stock in order to meet their customers’ needs against their internal target inventory levels and the risk of potential inventory obsolescence. The risks of inventory obsolescence are especially relevant to technological products. The distributors’ internal target inventory levels vary depending on market cycles and a number of factors within each distributor over which we have very little, if any, control. Distributors also have the ability to shift business to different manufacturers within their product portfolio based on a number of factors, including new product availability and performance.
We typically recognize revenue on products sold to distributors when the item is shipped and title passes to the distributor (sell-in method). Certain distributors have limited rights to return inventory under stock rotation programs and have limited price protection rights for which we make estimates. We evaluate inventory levels in the distribution channel, current economic trends and other related factors in order to account for these factors in our judgments and estimates. As inventory levels and product return trends change, we may have to revise our estimates and incur additional costs, and our gross margins and operating results could be adverselynegatively impacted.

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The markets in which we operate are highly competitive and have evolving technical requirements.
The markets for our products are highly competitive. In the LED market, we compete with companies that manufacture and sell LED chips and LED components. In the lighting market, we compete with companies that manufacture and sell traditional and LED lighting products, manyTable of which have larger and more established sales channels. In the semiconductor market, we compete with companies that have greater market share, name recognition and technical resources than we do. Competitors continue to offer new products with aggressive pricing, additional features and improved performance. Competitive pricing pressures remain a challenge and continue to accelerate the rate of decline in our sales prices, particularly in our LED Products and Wolfspeed segments. Aggressive pricing actions by our competitors in our businesses could reduce margins if we are not able to reduce costs at an equal or greater rate than the sales price decline.Contents
With the growth potential for LEDs, we will continue to face increased competition in the future across our businesses. If the investment in capacity exceeds the growth in demand, such as exists in the current LED market, the LED market is likely to become more competitive with additional pricing pressures. Additionally, new technologies could emerge or improvements could be made in existing technologies that may also reduce the demand for lighting and LEDs in certain markets. There are also new technologies, such as organic LEDs (OLEDs), which could potentially reduce LED demand for backlighting, potentially impacting the overall LED market.
As competition increases, we need to continue to develop new products that meet or exceed the needs of our customers. Therefore, our ability to continually produce more efficient and lower cost LEDs, lighting products and power and RF products that meet the evolving needs of our customers will be critical to our success. Competitors may also try to align with some of our strategic customers. This could lead to lower prices for our products, reduced demand for our products and a corresponding reduction in our ability to recover development, engineering and manufacturing costs. Any of these developments could have an adverse effect on our business, results of operations or financial condition.
Our results of operations, financial condition and business could be harmed if we are unable to balance customer demand and capacity.
As customer demand for our products changes, we must be able to adjust our production capacity to meet demand. We are continually taking steps to address our manufacturing capacity needs for our products. Currently, we are focusing on increasing production capacity. If we are not able to increase or decrease our production capacity at our targeted rate, or if there are unforeseen costs associated with adjustingincreasing our capacity levels, or if we are unable to obtain advanced semiconductor manufacturing equipment in a timely manner, we may not be able to achieve our financial targets. For example, our Wolfspeed business is currently experiencing demand in excess of our production capacity, which is resulting in longer manufacturing lead times to customers as we manage our constrained capacity. While we began in fiscal 2016 making significant investments to expand our materials, power and RF device capacity and continue to do so, these investments take time to bring in, install and get fully qualified. As a result, weWe may be unable to build or qualify such new capacity on a timely basis to meet customer demand and customers may fulfill their orders with one of our competitors instead. In addition, as we introduce new products and change product generations, we must balance the production and inventory of prior generation products with the production and inventory of new generation products, whether manufactured by us or our contract manufacturers, to maintain a product mix that will satisfy customer demand and mitigate the risk of incurring cost write-downs on the previous generation products, related raw materials and tooling. Significant or prolonged shortages or delivery delays of our products to our customers could delay their manufacturing and negatively impact our relationships with these customers.
Due to the proportionately high fixed cost nature of our business (such as facility costs), if demand does not materialize at the rate forecasted, we may not be able to scale back our manufacturing expenses or overhead costs quickly enough to correspond to the lower than expected demand. This could result in lower margins and adversely impact our business and results of operations. Additionally, if product demand decreases or we fail to forecast demand accurately, our results may be adversely impacted due to higher costs resulting from lower factory utilization, causing higher fixed costs per unit produced. For example, in the third quarter of fiscal 2017, we had lower overall lighting demand which led to higher costs per unit produced from our Racine factory, thereby reducing gross margins for our Lighting Products segment. Further, we may be required to recognize impairments on our long-lived assets or recognize excess inventory write-off charges, as we did in the fourth quarter of fiscal 2015. We may in the future be required to recognizeor excess capacity charges, which would have a negative impact on our results of operations.
With the opening of our new Silicon Carbide device fabrication facility in Marcy, New York, we may experience increased pressure on margins during the period when production begins but before the facility is at full utilization. Additionally, our large upfront investment in the facility to increase capacity does not guarantee we will need the capacity and we may experience lower than expected capacity once the facility is in production, which could result in further margin pressures.
In addition, our efforts to improve quoted delivery lead-time performance may result in corresponding reductions in order backlog. A decline in backlog levels could result in more variability and less predictability in our quarter-to-quarter net revenue and operating results.

If our products fail to perform or fail to meet customer requirements or expectations, we could incur significant additional costs, including costs associated with the recall of those items.
The manufacture of our products involves highly complex processes. Our customers specify quality, performance and reliability standards that we must meet. If our products do not meet these standards, we may be required to replace or rework the products. In some cases, our products may contain undetected defects or flaws that only become evident after shipment and installation. For example, during the second and third quarters of fiscal 2017, we determined that the quality of several of our commercial lighting products were possibly impacted by third party supplied drivers that did not meet specifications. Therefore, we increased our product warranty reserves for potential future warranty claims. Even if our products meet standard specifications, our customers may attempt to use our products in applications for which they were not designed or in products that were not designed or manufactured properly, resulting in product failures and creating customer satisfaction issues.
We have experienced product quality, performance or reliability problems from time to time and defects or failures may occur in the future. If failures or defects occur, they could result in significant losses or product recalls due to:
costs associated with the removal, collection and destruction of the product;
payments made to replace product;
costs associated with repairing the product;
the write-down or destruction of existing inventory;
insurance recoveries that fail to cover the full costs associated with product recalls;
lost sales due to the unavailability of product for a period of time;
delays, cancellations or rescheduling of orders for our products; or
increased product returns.
A significant product recall could also result in adverse publicity, damageface risks relating to our reputation and a loss of customer or consumer confidence in our products. We also may be the target of product liability lawsuits or regulatory proceedings by the Consumer Product Safety Commission (CPSC) and could suffer losses from a significant product liability judgment or adverse CPSC finding against us if the use of our products at issue is determined to have caused injury or contained a substantial product hazard.
We provide warranty periods ranging from 90 days to 10 years on our products. The standard warranty on nearly all of our new LED lighting products, which now represent the majority of our revenue, is 10 years. Althoughsuppliers, including that we believe our reserves are appropriate, we are making projections about the future reliability of new products and technologies, and we may experience increased variability in warranty claims. Increased warranty claims could result in significant losses due to a rise in warranty expense and costs associated with customer support.
We rely on a number of key sole source and limited source suppliers, and are subject to high price volatility on certain commodity inputs, variations in parts quality, and raw material consistency and availability.availability, and rely on independent shipping companies for delivery of our products.
We depend on a number of sole source and limited source suppliers for certain raw materials, components, services and equipment used in manufacturing our products, including key materials and equipment used in critical stages of our manufacturing processes. Although alternative sources generally exist for these items, qualification of many of these alternative sources could take up to six months or longer. Where possible, we attempt to identify and qualify alternative sources for our sole and limited source suppliers.
We generally purchase these sole or limited source items with purchase orders, and we have limited guaranteed supply arrangements with such suppliers. Some of our sources can have variations in attributes and availability which can affect our ability to produce products in sufficient volume or quality. We do not control the time and resources that these suppliers devote to our business, and we cannot be sure that these suppliers will perform their obligations to us. Additionally, general shortages in the marketplace of certain raw materials or key components may adversely impact our business. In the past, we have experienced decreases in our production yields when suppliers have varied from previously agreed upon specifications or made other modifications we do not specify, which impacted our cost of revenue.

Additionally, the inability of our suppliers to access capital efficiently could cause disruptions in their businesses, thereby negatively impacting ours. This risk may increase if anfrom unpredictable and unstable changes in economic downturnconditions, including recession, inflation, or other changes, which may negatively affectsaffect key suppliers or a significant number of our other suppliers. Any delay in product delivery or other interruption or variation in supply from these suppliers could prevent us from meeting commercial demand for our products. If we were to lose key suppliers, if our key suppliers were unable to support our demand for any reason or if we were unable to identify and qualify alternative suppliers, our manufacturing operations could be interrupted or hampered significantly.
We rely on arrangements with independent shipping companies for the delivery of our products from vendors and to customers both in the United States and abroad. The failure or inability of these shipping companies to deliver products or the
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unavailability of shipping or port services, even temporarily, could have a material adverse effect on our business. We may also be adversely affected by an increase in freight surcharges due to rising fuel costs, oil costs and added security.
The risks mentioned above, including our sole source or limited source suppliers' ability to produce products and adequately access capital, and our ability to arrange effective shipping arrangements, have increased and may further increase due to the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic.
In our fabrication process, we consume a number of precious metals and other commodities, which are subject to high price volatility.volatility and the potential impacts of increased inflation. Our operating margins could be significantly affected if we are not able to pass along price increases to our customers. In addition, production could be disrupted by the unavailability of the resources used in production such as water, silicon, electricity and gases. Future environmental regulations could restrict supply or increase the cost of certain of those materials.
We operate in industries that are subject to significant fluctuation in supply and demand and ultimately pricing, which affects our revenue and profitability.
The industries we serve are in different stages of adoption and are characterized by constant and rapid technological change, rapid product obsolescence and price erosion, evolving standards and fluctuations in product supply and demand. The semiconductor industry is characterized by rapid technological change, high capital expenditures, short product life cycles and continuous advancements in process technologies and manufacturing facilities. As the markets for our products mature, additional fluctuations may result from variability and consolidations within the industry’s customer base. These fluctuations have been characterized by lower product demand, production overcapacity, higher inventory levels and aggressive pricing actions by our competitors. These fluctuations have also been characterized by higher demand for key components and equipment used in, or in the manufacture of, our products resulting in longer lead times, supply delays and production disruptions. We have experienced these conditions in our business and may experience such conditions in the future, which could have a material negative impact on our business, results of operations or financial condition.
In addition, as we diversify our product offerings and as pricing differences in the average selling prices among our product lines widen, a change in the mix of sales among our product lines may increase volatility in our revenue and gross margin from period to period.
The markets in which we operate are highly competitive and have evolving technical requirements.
The markets for our products are highly competitive. In the semiconductor market, we compete with companies that have greater market share, name recognition, distribution and sales channels, and/or technical resources than we do. Competitors continue to offer new products with aggressive pricing, additional features and improved performance. Aggressive pricing actions by our competitors in our businesses could reduce margins if we are not able to reduce costs at an equal or greater rate than the sales price decline.
As competition increases, we need to continue to develop new products that meet or exceed the needs of our customers. Therefore, our ability to continually produce more efficient and lower cost power and RF products that meet the evolving needs of our customers will be critical to our success. Competitors may also try to align with some of our strategic customers. This could lead to lower prices for our products, reduced demand for our products and a corresponding reduction in our ability to recover development, engineering and manufacturing costs. Any of these developments could have an adverse effect on our business, results of operations or financial condition.
We depend on a limited number of customers, including distributors, and retailers, for a substantial portion of our revenue, and the loss of, or a significant reduction in purchases by, one or more of these customers could adversely affect our operating results.
We receive a significant amount of our revenue from a limited number of customers includingand distributors, and retailers, onetwo of which individually represented 12%more than 10% of our consolidated revenue in fiscal 2017. Most2022. Many of our customer orders are made on a purchase order basis, which does not generally require any long-term customer commitments. Therefore, these customers may alter their purchasing behavior with little or no notice to us for various reasons, including developing, or, in the case of our distributors, their customers developing, their own product solutions; choosing to purchase or distribute product from our competitors; incorrectly forecasting end market demand for their products; or experiencing a reduction in their market share in the markets for which they purchase our products. In the case of retailers, these customers may alter their promotional pricing; increase promotion of competitors' products over our products; or reduce their inventory levels; all of which could negatively impact our financial condition and results of operations. If our customers alter their purchasing behavior, if our customers’ purchasing behavior does not match our expectations or if we encounter any problems collecting amounts due from them, our financial condition and results of operations could be negatively impacted.
Our revenue is highly dependent on our customers’ ability to produce, market and sell more integrated products.
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Our revenue depends on getting our products designed into a larger number of our customers’ products and in turn, our customers’ ability to produce, market and sell their products. For example, we have current and prospective customers that create, or plan to create, power and RF products or systems using our substrates, die, components or modules. Even if our customers are able to develop and produce products or systems that incorporate our substrates, die, components or modules, there can be no assurance that our customers will be successful in marketing and selling these products or systems in the marketplace.
Our results may be negatively impacted if customers do not maintain their favorable perception of our brandbrands and products.
We have a developing brand with increasing value. Maintaining and continually enhancing the value of this brandour brands is critical to the success of our business. Brand value is based in large part on customer perceptions. Success in promoting and enhancing brand value depends in large part on our ability to provide high-quality products. Brand value could diminish significantly due to a number of factors, including adverse publicity about our products (whether valid or not), our corporate name change from "Cree, Inc." to "Wolfspeed, Inc.," a failure to maintain the quality of our products (whether perceived or real), the failure of our products or Cree to deliver consistently positive consumer experiences, the products becoming unavailable to consumers or consumer perception that we have acted in an irresponsible manner. Damage to our brand, reputation or loss of customer confidence in our brand or products could result in decreased demand for our products and have a negative impact on our business, results of operations or financial condition.
Variations inIf our productionproducts fail to perform or fail to meet customer requirements or expectations, we could impact our ability to reduceincur significant additional costs, and could cause our margins to decline and our operating results to suffer.including costs associated with the recall of those items.
AllThe manufacture of our products areinvolves highly complex processes. Our customers specify quality, performance and reliability standards that we must meet. If our products do not meet these standards, we may be required to replace or rework the products. In some cases, our products may contain undetected defects or flaws that only become evident after shipment and installation. Even if our products meet standard specifications, our customers may attempt to use our products in applications for which they were not designed or in products that were not designed or manufactured using technologies that are highly complex. Theproperly, resulting in product failures and creating customer satisfaction issues.
We have experienced product quality, performance or reliability problems from time to time and defects or failures may occur in the future. If failures or defects occur, they could result in significant losses or product recalls. A significant product recall could also result in adverse publicity, damage to our reputation and a loss of customer confidence in our products. We also may be the target of product liability lawsuits against us if the use of our products at issue is determined to have caused injury or contained a substantial product hazard.
We provide standard warranty periods of 90 days on our products, with longer periods under a limited number of usable items, or yield, fromcustomer contracts. Although we believe our production processesreserves are appropriate, we are making projections about the future reliability of new products and technologies, and we may fluctuate as a result of many factors, including but not limited to the following:
experience increased variability in our process repeatabilitywarranty claims. Increased warranty claims could result in significant losses due to a rise in warranty expense and control;costs associated with customer support.
contamination of the manufacturing environment;
equipment failure, power outages, fires, flooding, information or other system failures or variations in the manufacturing process;
lack of consistency and adequate quality and quantity of piece parts, other raw materials and other bill of materials items;
inventory shrinkage or human errors;

defects in production processes (including system assembly) either within our facilities or at our suppliers; and
any transitions or changes in our production process, planned or unplanned.
In the past, we have experienced difficulties in achieving acceptable yields on certain products, which has adversely affected our operating results. We may experience similar problems in the future, and we cannot predict when they may occur or their severity.
In some instances, we may offer products for future delivery at prices based on planned yield improvements or increased cost efficiencies from other production advances. Failure to achieve these planned improvements or advances could have a significant impact on our margins and operating results.
In addition, our ability to convert volume manufacturing to larger diameter substrates can be an important factor in providing a more cost effective manufacturing process. If we are unable to effectively develop, manage and expand our sales channels for our products, our operating results may suffer.
We sell a portion of our products to distributors, including a distributor that represented more than 10% of our revenue in fiscal 2022. We rely on distributors to develop and expand their customer base as well as to anticipate demand from their customers. If they are not successful, our growth and profitability may be adversely impacted. Distributors must balance the need to have enough products in stock in order to meet their customers’ needs against their internal target inventory levels and the risk of potential inventory obsolescence. The risks of inventory obsolescence are especially relevant to technological products. The distributors’ internal target inventory levels vary depending on market cycles and a number of factors within each distributor over which we have very little, if any, control. Distributors also have the ability to shift business to different manufacturers within their product portfolio based on a number of factors, including new product availability and performance. Similarly, we have the ability to add, consolidate, or remove distributors.
We typically recognize revenue on products sold to distributors when the item is shipped and title passes to the distributor (sell-in method). Certain distributors have limited rights to return inventory under stock rotation programs and have limited price protection rights for which we make this transitionestimates. We evaluate inventory levels in a timelythe distribution channel, current economic trends and other related factors in order to account for these factors in our judgments and estimates. As inventory levels and product return trends change or cost effective manner,we make changes to our distributor roster, we may have to revise our estimates and incur additional costs, and our gross margins and operating results could be negativelyadversely impacted.
Global economic conditions could materially adversely impact demand
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As a result of our continued expansion into new markets, we may compete with existing customers who may reduce their orders.
We continue to expand into new markets and new market segments. Many of our existing customers who purchase our Silicon Carbide substrate materials develop and manufacture devices, die and components using those wafers that are offered in the same power and RF markets. As a result, some of our current customers perceive us as a competitor in these market segments. In response, our customers may reduce or discontinue their orders for our products and services.
Our operations and performance depend significantly on worldwide economic conditions. Uncertainty about global economic conditionssubstrate materials. This reduction in or discontinuation of orders could resultoccur faster than our sales growth in customers postponing purchases of our products and services in response to tighter credit, unemployment, negative financial news and/or declines in income or asset values and other macroeconomic factors,these new markets, which could have a material negative effect on demand for our products and services and, accordingly, onadversely affect our business, results of operations or financial condition. For example, any economic and political uncertainty caused by the United Kingdom's impending exit from the European Union may negatively impact demand for
Risks associated with our products.
Additionally, our international sales are subject to variability as our selling prices become less competitive in countries with currencies that are declining in value against the U.S. Dollar and more competitive in countries with currencies that are increasing in value against the U.S. Dollar. In addition, our international purchases can become more expensive if the U.S. Dollar weakens against the foreign currencies in which we are billed.strategic transactions
If we fail to evaluate and execute strategic opportunities successfully, our business may suffer.
From time to time, including the present, we evaluate strategic opportunities available to us for product, technology or business transactions, such as business acquisitions, investments or capacity expansions, joint ventures, divestitures, or spin-offs. If we choose to enter into such strategic transactions, we face certain risks including:
the failure of an acquired business, investee or joint venture to meet our performance and financial expectations;
identification of additional liabilities relating to an acquired business;
loss of existing customers of our current and acquired businesses due to concerns that new product lines may be inperceived conflicts or competition with such customers or due to regulatory actions taken by governmental agencies;
that we are not able to enter into acceptable contractual arrangements in connection with the customers’ existing product lines;transaction;
difficulty integrating an acquired business's operations, personnel and financial and operating systems into our current business;
that we are not able to develop and expand customer bases and accurately anticipate demand from end customers, which can result in increased inventory and reduced orders if we experience wide fluctuations in supply and demand;
diversion of management attention;
difficulty separating the operations, personnel and financial and operating systems of a spin-off or divestiture from our current business;
the possibility we are unable to complete the transaction and expend substantial resources without achieving the desired benefit;
the inability to obtain required regulatory agency approvals;
reliance on a transaction counterparty for transition services for an extended period of time, which may result in additional expenses and delay the integration of the acquired business and realization of the desired benefit of the transaction;
uncertainty of the financial markets or circumstances that cause conditions that are less favorable and/or different than expected; and
expenses incurred to complete a transaction may be significantly higher than anticipated.

We may not be able to adequately address these risks or any other problems that arise from our prior or future acquisitions, investments, joint ventures, divestitures or spin-offs. Any failure to successfully evaluate strategic opportunities and address risks or other problems that arise related to any such business transaction could adversely affect our business, results of operations or financial condition.
We are subject to a number of risks associated with the sale of our former LED Products segment, and these risks could adversely impact our operations, financial condition and business.
On March 1, 2021, we completed the sale of our former LED Products segment to SMART pursuant to the Asset Purchase Agreement dated October 18, 2020 (the LED Purchase Agreement). We are subject to a number of risks associated with this transaction, including risks associated with:
the restrictions on and obligations with respect to our business set forth in the transition services agreement and the Wafer Supply and Fabrication Services Agreement (the Wafer Supply Agreement), in each case between us and CreeLED;
any required payments of indemnification obligations under the LED Purchase Agreement for retained liabilities and breaches of representations, warranties or covenants; and
the ability of SMART to pay the unsecured promissory note issued to us as the earnout payment.
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As a result of our continued expansion into new markets,these risks, we may competebe unable to realize the anticipated benefits of the transaction, including the total amount of cash we expect to receive. Our failure to realize the anticipated benefits of the transaction would adversely impact our operations, financial condition and business and could limit our ability to pursue additional strategic transactions.
We are subject to risks associated with existing customers who may reduce their orders.
Through acquisitions and organic growth, we continue to expand into new markets and new market segments. Manythe sale of our existing customers who purchaseformer Lighting Products business unit, and these risks could adversely impact our LED productsfinancial condition.
On May 13, 2019, we closed the sale of our former Lighting Products business unit to IDEAL Industries, Inc. (IDEAL). We are subject to risks associated with this transaction, including risks associated with any required payments of indemnification obligations under the Purchase Agreement with IDEAL for retained liabilities and breaches of representations, warranties or Wolfspeed substrate materials develop and manufacture products using those wafers, chips and components that are offered into the same lighting, power and RF markets. covenants.
As a result, somewe may be unable to realize the anticipated benefits of the transaction. Our failure to realize the anticipated benefits of the transaction would adversely impact our current customers perceive us as a competitor in these market segments. In response,financial condition and could limit our customers may reduce or discontinue their orders for our LED or Wolfspeed substrate materials products. This reduction in or discontinuation of orders could occur faster than our sales growth in these new markets, which could adversely affect our business, results of operations or financial condition.
Our revenue is highly dependent on our customers’ ability to produce, market and sell more integrated products.pursue additional strategic transactions.
Our revenue in our LED Products and Wolfspeed segments depends on getting our products designed into a larger number of our customers’ products and in turn, our customers’ ability to produce, market and sell their products. For example, we have current and prospective customers that create, or plan to create, lighting systems using our LED components. Even if our customers are able to develop and produce LED lighting products or products that incorporate our power and RF products, there can be no assurance that our customers will be successful in marketing and selling these products in the marketplace.
Our operations in foreign countries expose us to certain risks inherent in doing business internationally, which may adversely affect our business, results of operations or financial condition.
We have revenue, operations, manufacturing facilities and contract manufacturing arrangements in foreign countries that expose us to certain risks. For example, fluctuations in exchange rates may affect our revenue, expenses and results of operations as well as the value of our assets and liabilities as reflected in our financial statements. We are also subject to other types of risks, including the following:
protection ofRisks associated with cybersecurity, intellectual property and trade secrets;litigation
tariffs, customs, trade sanctions, trade embargoes and other barriers to importing/exporting materials and products in a cost effective and timely manner, or changes in applicable tariffs or custom rules;
the burden of complying with and changes in U.S. or international taxation policies;
timing and availability of export licenses;
rising labor costs;
disruptions in or inadequate infrastructure of the countries where we operate;
difficulties in collecting accounts receivable;
difficulties in staffing and managing international operations; and
the burden of complying with foreign and international laws and treaties.
In some instances, we have received and may continue to receive incentives from foreign governments to encourage our investment in certain countries, regions or areas outside of the United States. In particular, we have received and may continue to receive such incentives in connection with our operations in Asia, as Asian national and local governments seek to encourage the development of the technology industry. Government incentives may include tax rebates, reduced tax rates, favorable lending policies and other measures, some or all of whichWe may be availablesubject to us due to our foreign operations. Any of these incentives could be reducedconfidential information theft or eliminated by governmental authorities at any time or as a result of our inability to maintain minimum operations necessary to earn the incentives. Any reduction or elimination of incentives currently provided for our operations could adversely affect our business and results of operations. These same governments also may provide increased incentives to or require production processes that favor local companies, which could further negatively impact our business and results of operations.

Changes in regulatory, geopolitical, social, economic, or monetary policies and other factors, including those which may result from the new U.S. presidential administration and the U.S. Congress, if any, may have a material adverse effect on our business in the future, or may require us to exit a particular market or significantly modify our current business practices. Abrupt political change, terrorist activity and armed conflict pose a risk of general economic disruption in affected countries, which could also result in an adverse effect on our business and results of operations. For example, the results of the United Kingdom’s referendum on whether to remain a part of the European Union have created political and economic uncertainty not only in the United Kingdom, but in many European countries in which we do business. There could be further uncertainty as the United Kingdom negotiates the future terms of its relationship with the European Union following its withdrawal.
In order to compete, we must attract, motivate and retain key employees, and our failure to do so could harm our results of operations.
Hiring and retaining qualified executives, scientists, engineers, technical staff and sales personnel is critical to our business, and competition for experienced employees in our industry can be intense. As a global company, this issue is not limited to the United States, but includes our other locations such as Europe and China. For example, there is substantial competition in China for qualified and capable personnel, particularly experienced engineers and technical personnel, which may make it difficult for us to recruit and retain qualified employees. Also, within Huizhou, China, there are other large companies building manufacturing plants that will likely compete for qualified employees. If we are unable to staff sufficient and adequate personnel at our China facilities, we may experience lower revenue or increased manufacturing costs, which would adversely affect our results of operations.
To help attract, motivate and retain key employees, we use benefits such as stock-based compensation awards. If the value of such awards does not appreciate, as measured by the performance of the price of our common stock or if our stock-based compensation otherwise ceases to be viewed as a valuable benefit, our ability to attract, retain and motivate employees could be weakened,misuse, which could harm our business and results of operations.
On May 19, 2017,We face attempts by others to gain unauthorized access to our information technology systems on which we announced that we were acceleratingmaintain proprietary and other confidential information and such attempts may increase in terms of frequency and severity in light of the succession planning process for our chief executive officer and that Charles M. Swoboda will step down from his executive positionssanctions imposed on Russia in response to its invasion of Ukraine. Our security measures may be breached as the result of industrial or other espionage actions of outside parties, employees, employee error, malfeasance or otherwise, and as a memberresult, an unauthorized party may obtain access to our systems. The risk of a security breach or disruption, particularly through cyber-attacks, ransomware, or cyber intrusion, including by computer hackers, foreign governments, and cyber terrorists, has generally increased as cyber-attacks have become more prevalent and harder to detect and fight against. Additionally, outside parties may attempt to access our confidential information through other means, for example by fraudulently inducing our employees to disclose confidential information. We actively seek to prevent, detect and investigate any unauthorized access, which sometimes occurs. To date, we do not believe that such unauthorized access has caused us any material damage. We might be unaware of any such access or unable to determine its magnitude and effects. In addition, these threats are constantly evolving, thereby increasing the Boarddifficulty of Directors following a transition period. Our CEO search process, which is being led by a search committee of the Board, to identify a candidate for a permanent Chief Executive Officer and President continues, and we are working with an executive search firm to assist with the process of identifying and evaluating both internal and external candidates. There are no assurances concerning the timingsuccessfully defending against them or outcomeimplementing adequate preventative measures. The theft and/or unauthorized use or publication of our search fortrade secrets and other confidential business information as a new Chief Executive Officer. Our ability to execute our business strategies and attract and retain key executives may be adversely affected by the uncertainty associated with the transition to a successor Chief Executive Officer.
The adoptionresult of or changes in government and/or industry policies, standards or regulations relating to the efficiency, performance, use or other aspects of our products could impact the demand for our products.
The adoption of or changes in government and/or industry policies, standards or regulations relating to the efficiency, performance or other aspects of our products may impact the demand for our products. Demand for our products may also be impacted by changes in government and/or industry policies, standards or regulations that discourage the use of certain traditional lighting technologies. These constraints may be eliminated or delayed by legislative action, which could have a negative impact on demand for our products. Our ability and the ability of our competitors to meet these new requirements could impact competitive dynamics in the market.
If governments, their agencies or utilities reduce their demand for our products or discontinue or curtail their funding, our business may suffer.
Changes in governmental budget prioritiessuch an incident could adversely affect our business and resultscompetitive position, result in a loss of operations. U.S. and foreign government agencies have purchased products directly from us and products from our customers, and U.S. government agencies have historically funded a portionconfidence in the adequacy of our researchthreat mitigation and development activities. Whendetection processes and procedures, cause us to incur significant costs to remedy the government changes budget priorities, such as in times of war or financial crisis, or reallocates its researchdamage caused by the incident, divert management's attention and development spending to areas unrelated to our business, our researchother resources, and development funding and our product sales to government entities and government-funded customers are at risk. For example, demand and payment for our products and our customers’ products may be affected by public sector budgetary cycles, funding authorizations or utility rebates. Funding reductions or delays could negatively impact demand for our products. If government or utility funding is discontinued or significantly reduced, our business and results of operations could be adversely affected. 

We are exposed to fluctuations inreduce the market value of our investment portfolioin research and in interest rates, and therefore, impairmentdevelopment. In addition, as a result of our investments or lower investment incomethe COVID-19 pandemic, the increased prevalence of employees working from home may exacerbate the aforementioned cybersecurity risks. Our business could harm our earnings.
We are exposed to market value and inherent interest rate risk related to our investment portfolio. We have historically invested portions of our available cash in fixed interest rate securities such as high-grade corporate debt, commercial paper, municipal bonds, certificates of deposit, government securities and other fixed interest rate investments. The primary objective of our cash investment policy is preservation of principal. However, these investments are generally not Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation insured and may lose value and/or become illiquid regardless of their credit rating.
From time to time, we have also made investments in public and private companies that engage in complementary businesses. For example, during fiscal 2015 we made an investment in Lextar Electronics Corporation (Lextar), a public company in Taiwan. An investment in another company isbe subject to the risks inherent in the businesssignificant disruption and we could suffer monetary or other losses.
Our disclosure controls and procedures address cybersecurity and include elements intended to ensure that there is an analysis of that company and to trends affecting the equity markets as a whole. Investments in publicly held companiespotential disclosure obligations arising from security breaches. In addition, we are subject to market risksdata privacy, protection and likesecurity laws and regulations, including the European General Data Protection Act (GDPR) that governs personal information of European persons. We also maintain compliance programs to address the potential applicability of restrictions against trading while in possession of material, nonpublic information generally and in connection with a cyber-security breach. However, a breakdown in existing controls and procedures around our investmentcyber-security environment may prevent us from detecting, reporting or responding to cyber incidents in Lextar, may not be liquidated easily. As a result, we may not be able to reduce the size of our position or liquidate our investments when we deem appropriate to limit our downside risk. Should the value of any such investments we hold decline, the related write-down in valuetimely manner and could have a material adverse effect on our financial conditionposition and results of operations. For example, the value of our Lextar investment declinedstock.
There are limitations on our ability to protect our intellectual property.
Our intellectual property position is based in part on patents owned by us and patents licensed to us. We intend to continue to file patent applications in the future, where appropriate, and to pursue such applications with U.S. and certain foreign patent authorities.
Our existing patents are subject to expiration and re-examination and we cannot be sure that additional patents will be issued on any new applications around the covered technology or that our existing or future patents will not be successfully contested by third parties. Also, because issuance of a valid patent does not prevent other companies from the dateusing alternative, non-infringing technology, we cannot be sure that any of our investment in December 2014 throughpatents, or patents issued to others and licensed to us, will provide significant commercial protection, especially as new competitors enter the endmarket.
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We periodically discover products that are counterfeit reproductions of our products or that otherwise infringe on our intellectual property rights. The actions we take to establish and protect trademarks, patents and other intellectual property rights may continuenot be adequate to declineprevent imitation of our products by others, and therefore, may adversely affect our sales and our brand and result in the future. As requiredshift of customer preference away from our products. Further, the actions we take to establish and protect trademarks, patents and other intellectual property rights could result in significant legal expense and divert the efforts of our technical personnel and management, even if the litigation or other action results in a determination favorable to us.
We also rely on trade secrets and other non-patented proprietary information relating to our product development and manufacturing activities. We try to protect this information through appropriate efforts to maintain its secrecy, including requiring employees and third parties to sign confidentiality agreements. We cannot be sure that these efforts will be successful or that the confidentiality agreements will not be breached. We also cannot be sure that we would have adequate remedies for any breach of such agreements or other misappropriation of our trade secrets, or that our trade secrets and proprietary know-how will not otherwise become known or be independently discovered by Rule 3-09 of Regulation S-X, we filed Lextar’s financial statements, prepared by Lextar and audited by its independent public accounting firm, as of and for the years ended December 31, 2015 and 2014 as an exhibit to this Annual Report.others.
Litigation could adversely affect our operating results and financial condition.
We are often involved in litigation, primarily patent litigation. Defending against existing and potential litigation will likely require significant attention and resources and, regardless of the outcome, result in significant legal expenses, which could adversely affect our results unless covered by insurance or recovered from third parties. If our defenses are ultimately unsuccessful or if we are unable to achieve a favorable resolution, we could be liable for damage awards that could materially affect our results of operations and financial condition.
Where necessary, we may initiate litigation to enforce our patent or other intellectual property rights, which could adversely impact our relationship with certain customers. Any such litigation may require us to spend a substantial amount of time and money and could distract management from our day-to-day operations. Moreover, there is no assurance that we will be successful in any such litigation.
Our business may be impaired by claims that we, or our customers, infringe the intellectual property rights of others.
Vigorous protection and pursuit of intellectual property rights characterize our industry. These traits have resulted in significant and often protracted and expensive litigation. Litigation to determine the validity of patents or claims by third parties of infringement of patents or other intellectual property rights could result in significant legal expense and divert the efforts of our technical personnel and management, even if the litigation results in a determination favorable to us. In the event of an adverse result in such litigation, we could be required to:
to pay substantial damages;
indemnify our customers;
stop the manufacture, use and sale of products found to be infringing;
incur asset impairment charges;
discontinue the use of processes found to be infringing;
expend significant resources to develop non-infringing products or processes; or
obtain a license to use third party technology.

There can be no assurance that third parties will not attempt to assert infringement claims against us, or our customers, with respect to our products. In addition, our customers may face infringement claims directed to the customer’s products that incorporate our products, and an adverse result could impair the customer’s demand for our products. We have also promised certain of our customers that we will indemnify them in the event they are sued by our competitors for infringement claims directed to the products we supply. Under these indemnification obligations, we may be responsible for future payments to resolve infringement claims against them.
From time to time, we receive correspondence asserting that our products or processes are or may be infringing patents or other intellectual property rights of others. If we believe the assertions may have merit or in other appropriate circumstances, we may take steps to seek to obtain a license or to avoid the infringement. We cannot predict, however, whether a license will be available; that we would find the terms of any license offered acceptable; or that we would be able to develop an alternative solution. Failure to obtain a necessary license or develop an alternative solution could cause us to incur substantial liabilities and costs and to suspend the manufacture of affected products.
There are limitations on our abilityRisks related to protect our intellectual property.
Our intellectual property position is based in part on patents owned by uslegal, regulatory, accounting, tax and patents licensed to us. We intend to continue to file patent applications in the future, where appropriate, and to pursue such applications with U.S. and certain foreign patent authorities.
Our existing patents are subject to expiration and re-examination and we cannot be sure that additional patents will be issued on any new applications around the covered technology or that our existing or future patents will not be successfully contested by third parties. Also, since issuance of a valid patent does not prevent other companies from using alternative, non-infringing technology, we cannot be sure that any of our patents, or patents issued to others and licensed to us, will provide significant commercial protection, especially as new competitors enter the market.
We periodically discover products that are counterfeit reproductions of our products or that otherwise infringe on our intellectual property rights. The actions we take to establish and protect trademarks, patents and other intellectual property rights may not be adequate to prevent imitation of our products by others, and therefore, may adversely affect our sales and our brand and result in the shift of customer preference away from our products. Further, the actions we take to establish and protect trademarks, patents and other intellectual property rights could result in significant legal expense and divert the efforts of our technical personnel and management, even if the litigation or other action results in a determination favorable to us.
We also rely on trade secrets and other non-patented proprietary information relating to our product development and manufacturing activities. We try to protect this information through appropriate efforts to maintain its secrecy, including requiring employees and third parties to sign confidentiality agreements. We cannot be sure that these efforts will be successful or that the confidentiality agreements will not be breached. We also cannot be sure that we would have adequate remedies for any breach of such agreements or other misappropriation of our trade secrets, or that our trade secrets and proprietary know-how will not otherwise become known or be independently discovered by others.compliance matters
We may be required to recognize a significant charge to earnings if our goodwill or other intangible assets become impaired.
Goodwill and purchased intangibleother assets with indefinite lives are not amortized, but are reviewed for impairment annually and more frequently when events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying value of an asset may not be recoverable. We assess the recoverability of the unamortized balance of our finite-lived intangible assets when indicators of potential impairment are present. Factors that may indicate that the carrying value of our goodwill or other intangible assets may not be recoverable include a significant decline in our stock price and market capitalization and slower growth rates in our industry. For other assets such as finite-lived intangible assets and fixed assets, we assess the recoverability of the asset balance when indicators of potential impairment are present. The recognition of a significant charge to earnings in our consolidated financial statements resulting from any impairment of our goodwill or other intangible assets could adversely impact our results of operations.
We
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The adoption of or changes in government and/or industry policies, standards or regulations relating to the efficiency, performance, vehicle range or other aspects of our products and the products in which they are utilized could impact the demand for our products.
The adoption of or changes in government and/or industry policies, standards or regulations relating to the efficiency, performance, vehicle range or other aspects of our products and the products in which they are utilized or integrated may impact the demand for our products. For example, efforts to change, eliminate or reduce industry or regulatorystandards could negatively impact our business. These constraints may be subject to confidential information thefteliminated or misuse,delayed by legislative action, which could harm our business and results of operations.
We face attempts by others to gain unauthorized access to our information technology systems on which we maintain proprietary and other confidential information. Our security measures may be breached as the result of industrial or other espionage actions of outside parties, employee error, malfeasance or otherwise, and as a result, an unauthorized party may obtain access to our systems. Additionally, outside parties may attempt to access our confidential information through other means, for example by fraudulently inducing our employees to disclose confidential information. We actively seek to prevent, detect and investigate any unauthorized access, which sometimes occurs. We might be unaware of any such access or unable to determine its magnitude and effects. The theft and/or unauthorized use or publication of our trade secrets and other confidential business information as a result of such an incident could adversely affect our competitive position and the value of our investment in research and development could be reduced. Our business could be subject to significant disruption and we could suffer monetary or other losses.

We are subject to risks related to international sales and purchases.
We expect that revenue from international sales will continue to represent a significant portion of our total revenue. As such, a significant slowdown or instability in relevant foreign economies, including economic instability in Europe, or lower investments in new infrastructure could have a negative impact on demand for our sales. We also purchase a portion of the materials included in our products from overseas sources.
products. Our international sales and purchases are subject to numerous U.S. and foreign laws and regulations, including, without limitation, tariffs, trade sanctions, trade barriers, trade embargoes, regulations relating to import-export control, technology transfer restrictions, the International Traffic in Arms Regulation promulgated under the Arms Export Control Act, the Foreign Corrupt Practices Actability and the anti-boycott provisionsability of the U.S. Export Administration Act. If we failour competitors to comply with these laws and regulations, wemeet evolving government and/or industry requirements could be liable for administrative, civil or criminal liabilities, and,impact competitive dynamics in the extreme case, we could be suspended or debarred from government contracts or have our export privileges suspended, which could have a material adverse effect on our business.
International sales and purchases are also subject to a variety of other risks, including risks arising from currency fluctuations, collection issues and taxes. We have entered and may in the future enter into foreign currency derivative financial instruments in an effort to manage or hedge some of our foreign exchange rate risk. We may not be able to engage in hedging transactions in the future, and, even if we do, foreign currency fluctuations may still have a material adverse effect on our results of operations.
Our business may be adversely affected by uncertainties in the global financial markets and our or our customers’ or suppliers’ ability to access the capital markets.
Global financial markets continue to reflect uncertainty. Given these uncertainties, there could be future disruptions in the global economy, financial markets and consumer confidence. If economic conditions deteriorate unexpectedly, our business and results of operations could be materially and adversely affected. For example, our customers, including our distributors and their customers, may experience difficulty obtaining the working capital and other financing necessary to support historical or projected purchasing patterns, which could negatively affect our results of operations.
Although we believe we have adequate liquidity and capital resources to fund our operations internally and under our existing line of credit, our inability to access the capital markets on favorable terms in the future, or at all, may adversely affect our financial performance. The inability to obtain adequate financing from debt or capital sources in the future could force us to self-fund strategic initiatives or even forego certain opportunities, which in turn could potentially harm our performance.market.
Changes in our effective tax rate may affect our results.
Our future effective tax rates may be affected by a number of factors including:
the jurisdiction in which profits are determined to be earned and taxed;
changes in government administrations, such as the new U.S. presidential administration and U.S. Congress, as well as in the states and countries in which we operate;
potential changes in tax laws proposed by the Biden administration and Democratic controlled Congress or alterations in the interpretation of such tax laws and changes in generally accepted accounting principles;principles, for example interpretations and U.S. regulations issued as a result of the significant changes to the U.S. tax law included within the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act of 2017 (the TCJA) and the Coronavirus Aid, Relief and Economic Security Act of 2020;
the imposition of the proposed global corporate minimum tax rate;
the resolution of issues arising from tax audits with various authorities;
changes in the valuation of our deferred tax assets and liabilities. For example, in liabilities;
the third quarterongoing restructuring of fiscal 2017 we recognized a full valuation allowance against our U.S. deferred tax assets and other deferred charges primarily due toexisting legal entities, including the restructuring of our three-year cumulative pre-tax loss position in the U.S. and the termination of the Wolfspeed sale transaction, which was anticipated to generate U.S. taxable income;Luxembourg holding company;
adjustments to estimated taxes upon finalization of various tax returns;
increases in expenses not deductible for tax purposes, including impairment of goodwill in connection with acquisitions;
changes in available tax credits;
the recognition and measurement of uncertain tax positions;
variations in realized tax deductions for certain stock-based compensation awards (such as non-qualified stock options and restricted stock) from those originally anticipated; and

the repatriation of non-U.S. earnings for which we have not previously provided for U.S. taxes or any changes in legislation that may result in these earnings being taxed, within the U.S., regardless of our decision regarding repatriation of funds. For example, the TCJA included a one-time tax on deemed repatriated earnings of non-U.S. subsidiaries.
Any significant increase or decrease in our future effective tax rates could impact net loss(loss) income for future periods. In addition, the determination of our income tax provision requires complex estimations, significant judgments and significant knowledge and experience concerning the applicable tax laws. To the extent our income tax liability materially differs from our income tax provisions due to factors, including the above, which were not anticipated at the time we estimated our tax provision, our net (loss) income (loss) or cash flows could be affected.
Failure to comply with applicable environmental laws and regulations worldwide could harm our business and results of operations.
The manufacturing, assembling and testing of our products require the use of hazardous materials that are subject to a broad array of environmental, health and safety laws and regulations. Our failure to comply with any of these applicable laws or regulations could result in:
in regulatory penalties, fines, legal liabilities and the forfeiture of certain tax benefits;
suspension of production;
alteration of our fabrication, assembly and test processes; and
curtailment of our operations or sales.
In addition, our failure to manage the use, transportation, emission, discharge, storage, recycling or disposal of hazardous materials could subject us to increasedsignificant costs or future liabilities. Existing and future environmental laws and regulations could also require us to acquire pollution abatement or remediation equipment, modify our product designs or incur other expenses, such as permit costs, associated with such laws and regulations. Many new materials that we are evaluating for use in our operations may be subject to regulation under existing or future environmental laws and regulations that may restrict our use of one or more of such materials in our manufacturing, assembly and test processes or products. Any of these restrictions could harm our business and results of operations by increasing our expenses or requiring us to alter our manufacturing processes.
New climate change laws and regulations could require us to change our manufacturing processes or procure substitute raw materials that may cost more or be more difficult to procure. Various jurisdictions in which we do business have implemented,
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or in the future could implement or amend, restrictions on emissions of carbon dioxide or other greenhouse gases, limitations or restrictions on water use, regulations on energy management and waste management, and other climate change-based rules and regulations, which may increase our expenses and adversely affect our operating results. We expect increased worldwide regulatory activity relating to climate change in the future. Future compliance with these laws and regulations may adversely affect our business and results of operations.
Our results could vary as a result of the methods, estimates and judgments that we use in applying our accounting policies, including changes in the accounting standards to be applied.
The methods, estimates and judgments that we use in applying our accounting policies have a significant impact on our results (see “Critical Accounting Policies and Estimates” in Management’sItem 7, "Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations includedOperations" in Part II, Item 7 of this Annual Report). Such methods, estimates and judgments are, by their nature, subject to substantial risks, uncertainties and assumptions, and factors may arise over time that lead us to change our methods, estimates and judgments. Changes in those methods, estimates and judgments could significantly affect our results of operations or financial condition.condition, such as the change in estimated useful lives of certain assets applied in the first quarter of fiscal 2022.
Likewise, our results may be impacted due to changes in the accounting standards to be applied, such as the increased use of fair value measurement standards and changes in revenueconvertible debt recognition requirements.
Regulations related to conflict-free minerals may force us to incur additional expenses.
Rules adopted by the SEC under the Dodd-Frank Wall Street Reform and Consumer Protection Act impose annual disclosure and reporting requirements for those companies who may use “conflict” minerals mined from the Democratic Republic of Congo and adjoining countries in their products. We may face challenges with government regulators, our customers and our suppliers if we are unable to sufficiently verify that the metals used in our products are conflict free. Our most recent disclosure regarding our due diligence was filed on May 31, 2022 for calendar year 2021.
General risk factors
Catastrophic events and disaster recovery may disrupt our business.business continuity.
A disruption or failure of our systems or operations in the event of a natural disaster or severe weather event, including, but not limited to, earthquakes, wildfires, droughts, flooding, tornadoes, hurricanes or tsunamis, health pandemic, such as an influenza outbreak within our workforce, or man-made catastrophic event could cause delays in completing sales, continuing production or performing other critical functions of our business, particularly if a catastrophic event occurredwere to occur at our primary manufacturing locations or our subcontractors' locations. Global climate change could result in certain natural disasters occurring more frequently or with greater intensity. Any of these events could severely affect our ability to conduct normal business operations and, as a result, our operating results could be adversely affected. There may also be secondary impacts that are unforeseeable as well, such as impacts to our customers, which could cause delays in new orders, delays in completing sales or even order cancellations.

In order to compete, we must attract, motivate and retain key employees, and our failure to do so could harm our results of operations.
Hiring and retaining qualified executives, scientists, engineers, technical staff, sales personnel and production personnel is critical to our business, and competition for experienced employees in our industry can be intense. As a global company, this issue is not limited to the United States, but includes our other locations such as Europe and Asia. For example, there is substantial competition for qualified and capable personnel, particularly experienced engineers and technical personnel, which may make it difficult for us to recruit and retain qualified employees. If we are unable to staff sufficient and adequate personnel at our facilities, we may experience lower revenue or increased manufacturing costs, which would adversely affect our results of operations.
To help attract, motivate and retain key employees, we use benefits such as stock-based compensation awards. If the value of such awards does not appreciate, as measured by the performance of the price of our common stock or if our stock-based compensation otherwise ceases to be viewed as a valuable benefit, our ability to attract, retain and motivate employees could be weakened, which could harm our business and results of operations.
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Our stock price may be volatile.
Historically, our common stock has experienced substantial price volatility, particularly as a result of significant fluctuations in our revenue, earnings and margins over the past few years, and variations between our actual financial results and the published expectations of analysts. For example, the closing price per share of our common stock on Nasdaq (until October 1, 2021) and the NASDAQ Global Select MarketNYSE (on and after October 4, 2021) ranged from a low of $21.12$58.67 to a high of $28.98$141.87 during the 12twelve months ended June 25, 2017.26, 2022. If our future operating results or margins are below the expectations of stock market analysts or our investors, our stock price will likely decline.
Speculation and opinions in the press or investment community about our strategic position, financial condition, results of operations or significant transactions can also cause changes in our stock price. In particular, speculation aroundcompetition in some of the markets we address such as electric vehicles and 5G, the ramp up of our market opportunities for energy efficient lightingbusiness, and the effect of tariffs or COVID-19 on our business, may have a dramatic effect on our stock price.
Additionally, actions taken by the option counterparties in the capped call transactions entered into in connection with our 0.25% convertible senior notes due February 15, 2028 (the 2028 Notes) may affect our stock price, especiallyincluding the potential modifications of their hedge positions by entering into or unwinding various derivatives with respect to our common stock.
We are exposed to fluctuations in the market value of our investment portfolio and in interest rates, and therefore, impairment of our investments or lower investment income could harm our earnings.
We are exposed to market value and inherent interest rate risk related to our investment portfolio. We have historically invested portions of our available cash in fixed interest rate securities such as varioushigh-grade corporate debt, commercial paper, municipal bonds, certificates of deposit, government agencies announcesecurities and other fixed interest rate investments. The primary objective of our cash investment policy is preservation of principal. However, these investments are generally not Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation insured and may lose value and/or become illiquid regardless of their plannedcredit rating.
From time to time, we have also made investments in energy efficient technology, including lighting.public and private companies that engage in complementary businesses.
We have outstanding debt which could materially restrict our business and adversely affect our financial condition, liquidity and results of operations.
OurAs of June 26, 2022, our indebtedness consistsconsisted of $575.0 million aggregate principal amount of our 1.75% convertible senior notes due May 1, 2026 (the 2026 Notes and collectively with the 2028 Notes, the Outstanding Notes) and $750.0 million aggregate principal amount of the 2028 Notes and potential borrowings from our revolving line of credit. Our ability to pay interest and repay the principal for any outstanding indebtedness under our indebtednessline of credit and the Outstanding Notes is dependent upon our ability to manage our business operations and generate sufficient cash flows to service such debt. There can be no assurance that we will be able to manage any of these risks successfully.
The level of our outstanding debt under this line of credit may adversely affect our operating results and financial condition by, among other things:
increasing our vulnerability to downturns in our business, to competitive pressures and to adverse general economic and industry conditions;
requiring the dedication of an increased portion of our expected cash flows from operations to service our indebtedness, thereby reducing the amount of expected cash flow available for other purposes, including capital expenditures, research and development and stock repurchases;
limiting our flexibility in planning for, or reacting to, changes in our business and the industry in which we operate;
placing us at a competitive disadvantage compared to our peers that may have less indebtedness than we have by limiting our ability to borrow additional funds needed to operate and grow our business; and
increasing our interest expense if interest rates increase.
Our line of credit requires us to maintain compliance with certain financial ratios.an asset coverage ratio. In addition, our line of credit contains certain restrictions that could limit our ability to, among other things: incur additional indebtedness, dispose of assets, create liens on assets, make acquisitions or engage in mergers or consolidations, and engage in certain transactions with our subsidiaries and affiliates. TheseThe Indentures governing the Outstanding Notes require us to repurchase the Outstanding Notes upon certain fundamental changes relating to our common stock, and also prohibit our consolidation, merger, or sale of all or substantially all of our assets except with or to a successor entity assuming our obligations under the Indentures. The restrictions imposed by our line of credit and by the Indentures governing the Outstanding Notes could limit our ability to plan for or react to changing business conditions, or could otherwise restrict our business activities and plans.
Our ability to comply with our loan covenants and the provisions of the Indentures governing the Outstanding Notes may also be affected by events beyond our control and if any of these restrictions or terms is breached, it could lead to an event of default
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under our line of credit.credit or the Outstanding Notes. A default, if not cured or waived, may permit acceleration of our indebtedness. In addition, our lenders could terminate their commitments to make further extensions of credit under our line of credit. If our indebtedness is accelerated, we cannot be certain that we will have sufficient funds to pay the accelerated indebtedness or that we will have the ability to refinance accelerated indebtedness on terms favorable to us or at all.

Regulations related to conflict-free mineralsThe capped call transactions may force us to incur additional expenses.
The Dodd-Frank Wall Street Reform and Consumer Protection Act contains provisions to improve transparency and accountability concerning the supplynot prevent dilution of minerals originating from the conflict zonesour common stock upon conversion of the Democratic Republic2028 Notes.
In connection with the pricing of Congo (DRC)the 2028 Notes, we entered into privately negotiated capped call transactions with the option counterparties. The capped call transactions are expected generally to reduce the potential dilution to our common stock upon any conversion of the 2028 Notes and/or offset any potential cash payments we are required to make in excess of the principal amount of the converted 2028 Notes, as the case may be, upon conversion of the 2028 Notes. If, however, the market price per share of our common stock, as measured under the terms of the capped call transactions, exceeds the cap price of the capped call transactions (currently $212.04), there would nevertheless be dilution and/or there would not be an offset of such potential cash payments, in each case, to the extent that such market price exceeds the cap price of the capped call transactions.
Our amended and adjoining countries. Asrestated bylaws provide that, unless we consent in writing to the selection of an alternative forum, the state courts of North Carolina will be the sole and exclusive forum for substantially all disputes between us and our shareholders, which could limit our shareholders’ ability to obtain a result,favorable judicial forum for disputes with us or our directors, officers, or employees or agents.
Our amended and restated bylaws provide that, unless we consent in August 2012writing to the SEC established new annual disclosureselection of an alternative forum, the sole and reporting requirementsexclusive forum for those companies who may use “conflict” minerals mined fromall litigation relating to our internal affairs, including without limitation (i) any derivative action or proceeding brought on behalf of Wolfspeed, (ii) any action asserting a claim of breach of a fiduciary duty owed by any director, officer or other employee of Wolfspeed to Wolfspeed or our shareholders, (iii) any action asserting a claim arising pursuant to any provision of the DRCNorth Carolina Business Corporation Act (the NCBCA), our restated articles of incorporation, as amended, or our amended and adjoining countriesrestated bylaws, (iv) any action to interpret, apply, enforce, or determine the validity of our restated articles of incorporation, as amended, or our amended and restated bylaws, or (v) any action asserting a claim governed by the internal affairs doctrine, shall be the state courts of North Carolina, or if such courts lack jurisdiction, a federal court located within the State of North Carolina, in their products. Our most recent disclosure regarding our due diligence wasall cases subject to the court’s having personal jurisdiction over the indispensable parties named as defendants. Any such action filed in May 2017 for calendar year 2016. These requirements could affect the sourcing and availability of certain minerals used in the manufacture of our products. As a result, we may notNorth Carolina state court shall be able to obtain the relevant minerals at competitive prices and there will likely be additional costs associated with complying with the due diligence procedures as requireddesignated by the SEC.party filing the action as a mandatory complex business case. In addition, because our supply chain is complex,any such action where the NCBCA specifies the division or county wherein the action must be brought, the action shall be brought in such division or county. Our amended and restated bylaws also provide that, notwithstanding the foregoing, (x) the provisions described above will not apply to suits brought to enforce any liability or duty created by the Exchange Act or any other claim for which the federal courts have exclusive jurisdiction, and (y) unless we may face reputational challenges with our customersconsent in writing to the selection of an alternative forum, the federal district courts shall, to the fullest extent permitted by law, be the exclusive forum for the resolution of any complaint asserting a cause of action against Wolfspeed or any director, officer, employee, or agent of Wolfspeed and other stakeholders if we are unablearising under the Securities Act.
If a court were to sufficiently verifyfind the originschoice of all minerals usedforum provision contained in our products through the due diligence procedures,amended and restated bylaws to be inapplicable or unenforceable in an action, we may incur additional costs asassociated with resolving such action in other jurisdictions, which could harm our business, results of operations, and financial condition. Even if we are successful in defending against these claims, litigation could result in substantial costs and be a result of changesdistraction to product, processes or sources of supply as a consequence of these requirements.management and other employees.
Item 1B.Unresolved Staff Comments
Not applicable.

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Item 2.Properties
The table below sets forth information with respect to our significant owned and leased facilities as of June 25, 2017. The sizes of the locations represent the approximate gross square footage of each site’s buildings.
   Size (approximate gross square footage)
Location
Segment Utilization1
 Total Production 
Facility
Services and
Warehousing
 
Administrative
Function
 
Housing /
Other
Owned Facilities           
Durham, NCAll 966,844
 536,169
 83,860
 346,815
 
Research Triangle Park, NC3 203,995
 90,613
 62,855
 50,527
 
Racine, WI1 802,845
 160,000
 418,000
 224,845
 
Huizhou, China2 823,951
 332,271
 116,568
 41,764
 333,348
Total owned  2,797,635
 1,119,053
 681,283
 663,951
 333,348
            
Leased Facilities           
Durham, NC1 189,430
 15,200
 167,584
 6,646
 
Laredo, TX1 100,545
 
 97,545
 3,000
 
Goleta, CA1,2 25,623
 
 1,882
 23,741
 
Yorkville, WI1 79,016
 
 77,316
 1,700
 
Pleasant Prairie, WI1
147,877



145,477

2,400


Fayetteville, AR3 26,265
 10,956
 
 15,309
  
Sesto Fiorentino, Italy1,2 63,670
 20,672
 24,998
 18,000
 
Hong KongAll 38,913
 
 8,958
 29,955
 
Misc. sales and support officesAll 66,189
 
 15,477
 50,712
 
Total leased  737,528
 46,828
 539,237
 151,463
 
            
Total gross square footage  3,535,163
 1,165,881
 1,220,520
 815,414
 333,348
1 Segments listed in the “Segment Utilization” column above are identified as follows: 1) Lighting Products; 2) LED Products and 3) Wolfspeed.
In the United States, ourOur corporate headquarters, as well as our primary research and development operations, and primary manufacturing operations are located atwithin the Durham, North Carolina facilities that we own. These Durham facilitiesown and sit on 149141 acres of land that we own. owned land.
Our power and RF products are primarilyalso produced at our owned manufacturing facility located in Research Triangle Park (RTP), North Carolina. ThisCarolina, and at leased facilities in Morgan Hill, California and Fayetteville, Arkansas. Our RTP facility sits on 55 acres of owned land.
In addition, we recently opened a new Silicon Carbide device fabrication facility on 55 acres of leased land that we own. Domestically,in Marcy, New York, to expand capacity for our lightingSilicon Carbide device business.
Some of our products are primarilyalso produced at our owned facility in Racine, Wisconsin, which sits on 33 acres of land that we own, and a leased facility in Durham, North Carolina.
LED products are produced at our ownedcontract manufacturing facilities located in Huizhou, Guangdong Province, China.throughout Asia. We also own dormitories for housingmaintain captive lines at some of our Chinese employees near and adjacent to the owned manufacturing facilities. The owned manufacturing facilities, dormitories, and support buildings are located on land that is leased from the Chinese government through two leases. The first land lease is for twelve acres that expires in June 2057 and supports the manufacturing facilities. The second land lease is for five acres that expires in December 2082 and is used for dormitory buildings.contract manufacturers.
We also maintain sales and support offices through our subsidiaries, in leased office premises in North America, Asia, and Europe. In addition, we lease a facility in Goleta, California that is used for research
Details on our significant owned and development and administrative functions.leased facilities as of June 26, 2022 are as follows:
LocationPrincipal UseApproximate square footage
Owned Facilities
Durham, North CarolinaAdministrative, Production and R&D995,000 
Marcy, New YorkProduction557,000 
Research Triangle Park, North CarolinaProduction189,000 
Leased Facilities
Morgan Hill, CaliforniaProduction84,000 
Fayetteville, ArkansasR&D/Production33,000 

Item 3.Legal Proceedings
The information required by this item is set forth under Note 13,15, “Commitments and Contingencies,” in our consolidated financial statements included in Item 8 of this Annual Report and is incorporated herein by reference.
Item 4. Mine Safety Disclosures
Not applicable.

25

Table of Contents
PART II

Item 5.Market for Registrant’s Common Equity, Related Stockholder Matters and Issuer Purchases of Equity Securities
Common Stock Market Information
Our common stock is traded on the NASDAQ Global Select Market and is quotedNew York Stock Exchange under the trading symbol CREE.WOLF. There were 324239 holders of record of our common stock as of August 18, 2017. The following table sets forth, for the quarters indicated, the high and low closing sales prices17, 2022. Holders of record are defined as reported by NASDAQ.
 Fiscal 2017 Fiscal 2016
 High Low High Low
First Quarter
$28.98
 
$23.19
 
$27.56
 
$23.95
Second Quarter27.58
 21.12
 28.16
 22.12
Third Quarter28.83
 25.56
 32.44
 24.07
Fourth Quarter27.24
 21.70
 30.14
 22.43
We have never paid cash dividends onthose shareholders whose shares are registered in their names in our common stock records and do not anticipate that we will do soinclude beneficial owners of common stock whose shares are held in the foreseeable future. Our credit agreement with Wells Fargo Bank, National Association and other lenders party thereto, contains certain dividend distribution restrictions. Applicable state laws may also limit the paymentnames of dividends. Our present policy is to retain earnings, if any, to provide funds to invest in our business.

brokers, dealers or clearing agencies.
Stock Performance Graph
The following information in this Item 5 of this Annual Report on Form 10-K is not deemed to be “soliciting material” or to be “filed” with the SEC or subject to Regulation 14A or 14C under the Exchange Act or to the liabilities of Section 18 of the Exchange Act, and will not be deemed to be incorporated by reference into any filing under the Securities Act or the Exchange Act, except to the extent we specifically incorporate it by reference into such filing.
The following graph comparesand related table compare the cumulative total return on our common stock with the cumulative total returns of the NASDAQNasdaq Composite Index, and the NASDAQ Electronic Components Index for the five-year period commencing June 24, 2012. The stock price performance shown on the graph below is not necessarily indicative of future price performance.

Comparison of Five-Year Cumulative Total Return*
Among Cree, Inc., the NASDAQ Composite Index and the NASDAQ Electronic Components Index
*    Assumes (1) $100 invested on June 24, 2012 in Cree, Inc. Common Stock, the NASDAQ Composite Index and the             NASDAQNasdaq Electronic Components Index, and (2) the immediatePhiladelphia Semiconductor Index, assuming an investment of $100.00 on June 25, 2017 and the reinvestment of all dividends. The Philadelphia Semiconductor Index has replaced the Nasdaq Electronic Components Index in this analysis as data from the Nasdaq Electronic Components Index is no longer accessible. The use of the Philadelphia Semiconductor Index is aligned with Wolfspeed's transition to a more focused semiconductor company. Data from the Nasdaq Electronic Components Index has been included through June 27, 2021.
wolf-20220626_g1.jpg
6/25/20176/24/20186/30/20196/28/20206/27/20216/26/2022
Wolfspeed, Inc.$100.00 $188.01 $221.62 $227.77 $388.92 $281.66 
Nasdaq Composite Index100.00 124.09 130.59 160.79 238.37 194.02 
Nasdaq Electronic Components Index100.00 141.67 141.92 174.03 261.89 — 
Philadelphia Semiconductor Index100.00 128.11 139.31 186.85 319.39 271.29 
26

 6/24/2012 6/30/2013 6/29/2014 6/28/2015 6/26/2016 6/25/2017
Cree, Inc.
$100.00
 
$261.06
 
$198.28
 
$110.43
 
$94.85
 
$100.60
NASDAQ Composite Index100.00
 119.38
 156.20
 182.53
 167.12
 225.01
NASDAQ Electronic Components Index100.00
 118.23
 150.86
 166.70
 163.71
 232.96
Table of Contents

Sale of Unregistered Securities
There were no unregistered securities sold during fiscal 2017.2022.
Stock Repurchase ProgramDividends
On August 24, 2016, our Board of Directors approved our fiscal 2017 stock repurchase program authorizing us to repurchase shares of common stock having an aggregate purchase price not exceeding $300 million for all purchases from August 24, 2016 throughIn the expiration of the program on June 25, 2017. There were no shares repurchased under the stock repurchase program in the fourth quarter of fiscal 2017.
Since the inception of our stock repurchase program in January 2001 through June 25, 2017,past, we have repurchased 38.7 million shares ofnot declared or paid cash dividends on our common stock. We do not expect to pay dividends on our common stock at an average pricefor the foreseeable future. Instead, we anticipate that all of $28.66 per share with an aggregate valueour earnings, if any, will be used for the operation and growth of $1.1 billion. The repurchase program couldour business. Any future determinations to declare cash dividends would be implemented through open market or privately negotiated transactions atsubject to the discretion of our management. board of directors and would depend upon various factors, including our results of operations, financial condition and capital requirements, restrictions that may be imposed by applicable law and our indebtedness, and other factors deemed relevant by our board of directors.
On June 14, 2017, our Board of Directors approved our fiscal 2018 stock repurchase program authorizing us to repurchase shares of common stock having an aggregate purchase price not exceeding $200 million for all purchases from June 26, 2017 through the expiration of the program on June 24, 2018.
Item 6.Selected Financial Data
The consolidated statement of (loss) income data set forth below with respect to the fiscal years ended June 25, 2017, June 26, 2016, and June 28, 2015 and the consolidated balance sheet data at June 25, 2017 and June 26, 2016 are derived from, and are qualified by reference to, the audited consolidated financial statements included in Item 8 of this Annual Report and should be read in conjunction with those financial statements and notes thereto. The consolidated statement of income data for the fiscal years ended June 29, 2014 and June 30, 2013 and the consolidated balance sheet data at June 28, 2015, June 29, 2014, and June 30, 2013 are derived from audited consolidated financial statements not included herein.
Selected Consolidated Financial Data
(In thousands, except per share data)Reserved
27
 Fiscal Years Ended
 June 25,
2017
 June 26,
2016
 June 28,
2015
 June 29,
2014
 June 30,
2013
Consolidated Statement of (Loss) Income         
Revenue, net
$1,473,000
 
$1,616,627
 
$1,632,505
 
$1,647,641
 
$1,385,982
Operating (loss) income(18,672) (10,471) (73,550) 133,236
 95,454
Net (loss) income(98,118) (21,536) (64,692) 123,490
 86,227
(Loss) earnings per share         
Basic
($1.00) 
($0.21) 
($0.57) 
$1.02
 
$0.74
Diluted
($1.00) 
($0.21) 
($0.57) 
$1.00
 
$0.73
Weighted average shares used in per share calculation:         
Basic98,487
 101,783
 113,022
 120,623
 116,621
Diluted98,487
 101,783
 113,022
 122,914
 117,979
 
  
 June 25,
2017
 June 26,
2016
 June 28,
2015
 June 29,
2014
 June 30,
2013
Consolidated Balance Sheet Data         
Total cash, cash equivalents and short-term investments
$610,938
 
$605,305
 
$713,191
 
$1,162,466
 
$1,023,915
Working capital888,607
 933,708
 1,053,464
 1,467,236
 1,308,355
Total assets2,649,867
 2,766,060
 2,948,033
 3,338,981
 3,048,062
Total long-term liabilities215,039
 175,237
 231,295
 45,943
 37,061
Total shareholders’ equity2,222,805
 2,367,824
 2,461,952
 2,986,383
 2,803,590

Item 7.Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations
Executive Summary
The following discussion is designed to provide a better understanding of our audited consolidated financial statements and notes thereto, including a brief discussion of our business and products, key factors that impacted our performance and a summary of our operating results. The following discussion should be read in conjunction with our consolidated financial statements included in Item 8 of this Annual Report. Historical results and percentage relationships among any amounts in the financial statements are not necessarily indicative of trends in operating results for any future periods.
Overview
Cree, Inc. (Cree, we, our, or us) is a leading innovator of lighting-class light emitting diode (LED) products, lighting products Unless otherwise noted, the following information and wide bandgap semiconductor products for power and radio-frequency (RF) applications. Our products are targeted for applications such as indoor and outdoor lighting, video displays, transportation, electronic signs and signals, power supplies, inverters and wireless systems. As discussed more fully below, we operate in three reportable segments: Lighting Products, LED Products and Wolfspeed.
Our lighting products primarily consist of LED lighting systems and lamps. We design, manufacture and sell lighting fixtures and lamps for the commercial, industrial and consumer markets.
Our LED products consist of LED chips and LED components. Our LED products enable our customers to develop and market LED-based products for lighting, video screens, automotive and other industrial applications.
Our Wolfspeed business consists of silicon carbide (SiC) materials, power devices and RF devices based on wide bandgap semiconductor materials such as SiC and gallium nitride (GaN). Our materials products and power devices are used in solar, electric vehicles, motor drives, power supplies and transportation applications. Our RF devices are used in military communications, radar, satellite and telecommunication applications.
As discussed more fully in Note 1, “Business,” in our consolidated financial statements included in Item 8 of this Annual Report, on July 13, 2016, we executed a definitive agreement to sell the Wolfspeed business to Infineon Technologies AG (Infineon). Beginning in July 2016, the Company classified the results of the Wolfspeed business as discontinued operations in the Company’s consolidated statements of loss for all periods presented and classified the related assets and liabilities associated with the discontinued operations as held for sale in the consolidated balance sheets. On March 6, 2017, the definitive agreement with Infineon was terminated. As a result of the termination of the agreement, we have reclassified the results of the Wolfspeed business as continuing operations in our consolidated statements of loss, and presented it as a separate reportable segment, for all periods presented. Additionally, the related assets and liabilities associated with the discontinued operations were reclassified as held and used in the consolidated balance sheets for all periods presented.
The majority of our products are manufactured at our production facilities located in North Carolina, Wisconsin and China. We also use contract manufacturers for certain products and aspects of product fabrication, assembly and packaging. We operate research and development facilities in North Carolina, Arkansas, California, Wisconsin, India, Italy and China (including Hong Kong).
Cree, Inc. is a North Carolina corporation established in 1987, and our headquarters are in Durham, North Carolina. For further information about our consolidated revenue and earnings, please see our consolidated financial statements included in Item 8 of this Annual Report.
Reportable Segments
Our three reportable segments are:
Lighting Products
LED Products
Wolfspeed
Reportable segments are components of an entity that have separate financial data that the entity’s Chief Operating Decision Maker (CODM) regularly reviews when allocating resources and assessing performance. Our CODM is the Chief Executive Officer.

Our CODM does not review inter-segment transactions when evaluating segment performance and allocating resources to each segment, and inter-segment transactions are not included in our segment revenue disclosure. As such, total segment revenue is equaldiscussion relates to our consolidated revenue.continuing operations.
Our CODM reviews gross profit as the lowest and only level of segment profit. As such, all items below gross profit in the Consolidated Statements of Loss must be included to reconcile the consolidated gross profit to our consolidated loss before income taxes.
For financial results by reportable segment, please refer to Note 14, “Reportable Segments,” in our consolidated financial statements included in Item 8 of this Annual Report.
Industry Dynamics and Trends
There are a number of industry factors that affect our business which include, among others:
COVID-19 Pandemic. The global health crisis caused by COVID-19 and its resurgences has impacted and may continue to negatively impact global economic activity, which, despite progress in vaccination efforts, remains uncertain and cannot be predicted with confidence. In addition, variants of COVID-19 continue to emerge. While vaccines have proven effective in preventing serious illnesses and hospitalizations, there is no assurance that such vaccines will remain effective against new variants or that the protection conferred by existing vaccines will not wane over time. Since its beginning in the early months of 2020, the COVID-19 pandemic has affected us in a number of ways including, but not limited to, the impact on employees becoming ill, quarantined, or otherwise unable to work or travel due to illness or governmental restriction, the impact on customers and their related demand and/or purchases, the impact on our suppliers' and contract manufacturers' ability to fulfill our orders on a timely basis, and the overall impact of the aforementioned items that could cause output challenges and increased costs. The full extent to which the COVID-19 pandemic may impact our results of operations or liquidity remains uncertain. Our operations have experienced, and likely will continue to experience, supply, labor, demand and output challenges. We continue to monitor the impact that the COVID-19 pandemic is having on our business, the semiconductor industry, and the economies in which we operate.
Overall Demand for Products and Applications using LEDs, SiC power devicesUsing Our Wolfspeed Materials and GaN RF devices.Devices. Our potential for growth depends significantly on the continued adoption of LEDs, the adoption of SiCSilicon Carbide and GaN substratematerials and device products in the power and RF markets, the continued use of silicon devices in the RF telecommunications market and our ability to win new designs for these applications. Demand also fluctuates based on various market cycles, continuously evolving industry supply chains, trade and tariff terms, inflationary impacts, as well as evolving competitive dynamics in each of the respective markets. These uncertainties make demand difficult to forecast for us and our customers.
Lately, we have seen demand increase across all our product lines, which we believe reflects the value that the industry places on a transition to Silicon Carbide materials and devices. Particularly, we have seen significantly higher demand for our power products as the world has continued to focus on and adopt higher efficiency energy solutions, including electrical vehicle (EV) and related technologies. We believe these trends could have a significant positive impact on revenues in future periods as we increase capacity to meet increased demand.
Supply Constraints. The semiconductor industry has experienced supply constraints for certain items. While we have successfully managed through challenges relating to obtaining certain necessary raw materials and production and processing equipment thus far, we expect the supply situation for these items to remain tight for at least the next few quarters. In addition, the ongoing military conflict between Russia and Ukraine may further exacerbate supply constraints. The current high demand for our products has also led to supply constraints for our customers. We are working closely with our customer base to best match our supply to their demand. We have taken steps to provide continuity to our customers, to the extent possible, although we expect that constraints may continue to limit our shipments in the near term.
Governmental Trade and Regulatory Conditions. Our potential for growth, as with most multi-national companies, depends on a balanced and stable trade, political, geopolitical, economic and regulatory environment among the countries where we do business. Changes in trade policy such as the imposition or extension of tariffs or export bans to specific customers or countries could reduce or limit demand for our products in certain markets.
Intense and Constantly Evolving Competitive Environment. Competition in the industries we serve is intense. Many companies have made significant investments in product development, production equipment and production equipment. Product pricing pressures exist as market participants often undertake pricing strategies to gain or protect market share, increase the utilization of their production capacity and open new applications to the LED, lighting, power and RF markets we serve.facilities. To remain competitive, market participants must continuously increase product performance, reduce costs and develop improved ways to serve their customers. To address these competitive pressures, we investhave invested in research and development activities to support new product development, lower product costs and deliver higher levels of performance to differentiate our products in the market. In addition, we invest in systems, people and new processes to
28


improve our ability to deliver a better overall experience for our customers.
Lighting Sales Channel Development. Commercial lighting is usually sold through lighting agents Market participants often undertake pricing strategies to gain or protect market share, increase the utilization of their production capacity and distributorsopen new applications in the North American lighting market. The lighting agents typically have exclusive sales rights for a defined territorypower and are typically aligned with one large lighting company for a large percentage of their product sales. The size, quality and capability of the lighting agent has a significant effect on winning new projects and sales in a given geographic market. While these agents sell other lighting products, the large traditional lighting companies have taken steps to prevent their channel partners from selling competing product lines. We are constantly working to improve the capabilities of our existing channel partners and increase our share of their sales as well as develop new partners to improve our sales effectiveness in each geographic market.
RF markets we serve.
Technological Innovation and Advancement. Innovations and advancements in LEDs, lighting andmaterials, power, and RF technologies continue to expand the potential commercial application for our products. However, new technologies or standards could emerge or improvements could be made in existing technologies that could reduce or limit the demand for our products in certain markets.
Intellectual Property Issues.Market participants rely on patented and non-patented proprietary information relating to product development, manufacturing capabilities and other core competencies of their business. Protection of intellectual property is critical. Therefore, steps such as additional patent applications, confidentiality and non-disclosure agreements, as well as other security measures are generally taken. To enforce or protect intellectual property rights, litigation or threatened litigation is common.
Fiscal 20172022 Overview
The following is a summary of our financial results for the year ended June 25, 2017:26, 2022:
Our year-over-year revenue decreasedincreased by $144$220.6 million to $1.5 billion.$746.2 million.
Gross margin remained flat at 30%increased to 33.4% from 31.3%. Gross profit decreased by $53increased to $249.3 million to $435from $164.6 million.

Operating loss from continuing operations was $19$247.8 million in fiscal 20172022 compared to operating loss of $10$313.9 million in fiscal 2016. Net2021. As discussed further below, operating loss from continuing operations for fiscal 2021 includes a $73.9 million expense related to the modification of our long-range plan regarding a building site in Durham, North Carolina.
Diluted loss per diluted share from continuing operations was $1.00$2.46 in fiscal 20172022 compared to net loss per diluted share of $0.21$3.04 in fiscal 2016.2021.
Combined cash, cash equivalents and short-term investments remained flat at $0.6 billionincreased to $1,198.8 million at June 25, 2017 and26, 2022 from $1,154.6 million at June 27, 2021.
Convertible notes, net was $1,021.6 million at June 26, 2016. Cash provided by2022 and $823.9 million at June 27, 2021.
Net cash used in operating activities of continuing operations was $216$154.2 million in fiscal 2017,2022 compared to $203net cash used in operating activities of continuing operations of $112.5 million in fiscal 2016.2021.
We spent $104 million to repurchase 4.4 million shares of our common stock during fiscal 2017.
We spent $87 million on purchasesPurchases of property and equipment, net were $505.9 million (net of $139.0 million in reimbursements) in fiscal 20172022 compared to $120$559.8 million (net of $10.7 million in reimbursements) in fiscal 2016.2021.
Design-ins were $6.4 billion in fiscal 2022 compared to $2.9 billion in fiscal 2021.
Business Outlook
While we believe that the markets for our products will remain highly competitive during fiscal 2018, weWe believe we are uniquely positioned as a market leadingan innovator in all threethe global semiconductor industry. The strength of our balance sheet provides us the ability to invest in our business, segmentsas indicated by our new state-of-the-art, automated 200mm Silicon Carbide device fabrication facility in Marcy, New York, which started running qualification lots in the fourth quarter of fiscal 2022, and targetan expansion of our materials factory at our U.S campus headquarters in Durham, North Carolina, both of which will increase our production capacity. In fiscal 2022, we incurred $70.0 million of start-up and pre-production costs related to the ramping of production at the Marcy, New York facility. In fiscal 2023, we expect approximately $100 million of start-up and underutilization costs primarily related to ramping of production at the Marcy, New York facility.
The completion of the LED Business Divestiture on March 1, 2021 represented a key milestone in our transformation to be a global semiconductor powerhouse focused on disruptive technology solutions for high-growth applications. This transaction positioned us with a sharpened strategic focus to lead the semiconductor industry transition from silicon to Silicon Carbide and further strengthened our financial position, which we plan to utilize in order to support continued investments to capitalize on multi-decade growth in all three businesses over the next several years. These businesses are in different phases of their growth plansopportunities across electrical vehicles (EVs), 5G and generally operate on different market cycles. This is targeted to provide better business diversity and less cyclical results over time.industrial applications.
We are focused on investing in our business to expand the following priorities toscale, further develop the technologies, and accelerate the growth opportunities of Silicon Carbide materials, Silicon Carbide power devices and modules, and GaN and silicon RF devices. We believe these efforts will support our goals of delivering higher revenue and profitsshareholder returns over time:time.
InvestIn addition, we are focused on improving the number of usable items in a production cycle (yield) as our manufacturing technologies become more complex. Despite increased complexities in our manufacturing process, we believe we are in a position to improve yield levels to support our future growth, particularly as we transition to our new Silicon Carbide device fabrication facility in Marcy, New York.
29


We believe we have the Wolfspeedability to navigate the current environment while maintaining our capital expenditure plans to support future growth, including the completion and build out of our new facility in New York and additional production capacity in North Carolina. Even so, the short-term impacts from COVID-19 to our financial position, results of operations and cash flows remain uncertain.
We continue to closely monitor the ongoing military conflict between Russia and Ukraine to evaluate our potential exposure to this conflict. We do not have significant credit, supplier or customer concentrations in Russia, Belarus or Ukraine at this time. As a result, we do not currently expect any material impacts to our consolidated financial statements. However, we believe the full impact of the conflict remains uncertain and we continue to assess if ongoing developments, such as further sanctions or other increased involvement from countries where we operate and do business, may cause future material impacts to increaseour consolidated financial statements.
Change in Estimate
As a result of the LED Business Divestiture and our continued investment in 200mm technology, we evaluated the useful lives applied to certain machinery and equipment assets by considering industry standards and reviewing the assets' historical and estimated future use. In the first quarter of fiscal 2022, we increased the expected useful lives of these assets by two to five years to more closely reflect the estimated economic lives of those assets. This change in estimate was applied prospectively effective for the first quarter of fiscal 2022, and resulted in a decrease in depreciation expense of $33.3 million for the fiscal year ended June 26, 2022. Approximately $10.4 million of the decrease in year-to-date depreciation expense resulted in a net reduction of inventory as of June 26, 2022 and the remaining $22.9 million resulted in an improvement in both loss before income taxes and net loss, of which $19.6 million related to an improvement in gross profit. This change in estimate resulted in an improvement in year-to-date basic and diluted loss per share of $0.19 per share.
Design-ins
Design-insare customer commitments to purchase our product and are one of the factorswe use to forecast long-term demand and future revenue. To meet the qualification of a design-in, the customer provides us with documentation (e.g., a letter of intent, statement of work or developmental contract) that can include details such as the expected delivery timeline, estimated price, necessary capacity and further develop the technologyrequired support. A design-in, even with a formal commitment, does not always convert to support longer term growth opportunities in SiC materials, SiC power devices and modules, and GaN RF devices.
Grow Lighting Productsfuture revenue and improve margins by investing in our channel relationships, improving execution, continuingfor a variety of reasons, including, but not limited to, deliver innovative lighting solutions and by potentially acquiring complimentary businesses that are accretive to our earnings.
Grow the LED Products business by expanding our product offering with new products that leverage our market leadership to serve a larger share of existing customers’ LED demand, while also opening new applications for our technology.
Improve the customer experience and service levels in alldelaying or abandoning the project, capacity constraints, timeline challenges, and/or technology changes. Therefore management uses the design-in amount as a guide to forecast future demand but it should not be taken as an absolute indicator of our businesses.future revenue.

30

Table of Contents
Results of Operations
The following table sets forth certainSelected consolidated statement of lossoperations data for the periods indicated (in thousands, except per share amountsyears ended June 26, 2022, June 27, 2021 and percentages):June 28, 2020 is as follows:
Fiscal Years Ended
 June 26, 2022June 27, 2021June 28, 2020
(in millions of U.S. Dollars, except share data)Amount% of RevenueAmount% of RevenueAmount% of Revenue
Revenue, net$746.2 100.0 %$525.6 100.0 %$470.7 100.0 %
Cost of revenue, net496.9 66.6 %361.0 68.7 %312.2 66.3 %
Gross profit249.3 33.4 %164.6 31.3 %158.5 33.7 %
Research and development196.4 26.3 %177.8 33.8 %152.0 32.3 %
Sales, general and administrative203.5 27.3 %181.6 34.6 %181.7 38.6 %
Amortization or impairment of acquisition-related intangibles13.6 1.8 %14.5 2.8 %14.5 3.1 %
Abandonment of long-lived assets— — %73.9 14.1 %— — %
(Gain) loss on disposal or impairment of other assets(0.3)— %1.6 0.3 %1.5 0.3 %
Other operating expense83.9 11.2 %29.1 5.5 %32.9 7.0 %
Operating loss(247.8)(33.2)%(313.9)(59.7)%(224.1)(47.6)%
Non-operating expense (income), net38.3 5.1 %26.3 5.0 %(18.5)(3.9)%
Loss before income taxes(286.1)(38.3)%(340.2)(64.7)%(205.6)(43.7)%
Income tax expense (benefit)9.0 1.2 %1.1 0.2 %(8.0)(1.7)%
Net loss from continuing operations(295.1)(39.5)%(341.3)(64.9)%(197.6)(42.0)%
Net income (loss) from discontinued operations94.2 12.6 %(181.2)(34.5)%7.0 1.5 %
Net loss(200.9)(26.9)%(522.5)(99.4)%(190.6)(40.5)%
Net income attributable to noncontrolling interest— — %1.4 0.3 %1.1 0.2 %
Net loss attributable to controlling interest($200.9)(26.9)%($523.9)(99.7)%($191.7)(40.7)%
Basic and diluted loss per share
Continuing operations($2.46)($3.04)($1.83)
Net loss attributable to controlling interest($1.67)($4.66)($1.78)

31

 Fiscal Years Ended
 June 25, 2017 June 26, 2016 June 28, 2015
 Dollars % of
Revenue
 Dollars % of
Revenue
 Dollars % of
Revenue
Revenue, net
$1,473,000
 100 % 
$1,616,627
 100 % 
$1,632,505
 100 %
Cost of revenue, net1,038,428
 70 % 1,129,553
 70 % 1,158,586
 71 %
Gross profit434,572
 30 % 487,074
 30 % 473,919
 29 %
Research and development158,549
 11 % 168,848
 10 % 182,797
 11 %
Sales, general and administrative277,175
 19 % 283,052
 18 % 290,730
 18 %
Amortization or impairment of acquisition-related intangibles27,499
 2 % 28,732
 2 % 26,220
 2 %
Loss on disposal or impairment of long-lived assets2,521
 0 % 16,913
 1 % 47,722
 3 %
Wolfspeed transaction termination fee(12,500) (1)% 
  % 
  %
Operating loss(18,672) (1)% (10,471) (1)% (73,550) (5)%
Non-operating income (expense), net14,008
 1 % (13,035) (1)% (10,389) (1)%
Loss before income taxes(4,664)  % (23,506) (1)% (83,939) (5)%
Income tax (benefit) expense93,454
 6 % (1,970)  % (19,247) (1)%
Net loss
($98,118) (7)% 
($21,536) (1)% 
($64,692) (4)%
Basic loss per share
($1.00)   
($0.21)   
($0.57)  
Diluted loss per share
($1.00)   
($0.21)   
($0.57)  
LED Business Restructuring
In June 2015, our BoardTable of Directors approved a plan to restructure the LED Products business. The restructuring reduced excess capacity and overhead in order to improve the cost structure moving forward. The primary components of the restructuring include the planned sale or abandonment of certain manufacturing equipment, facility consolidation and the elimination of certain positions. The restructuring activity ended in the second quarter of fiscal 2016. During fiscal 2016, we realized $18.8 million in LED restructuring charges, which were partially offset by a $1.1 million gain on the sale of long-lived assets related to the restructuring which were sold for a value in excess of their estimated net realizable value during fiscal 2016.Contents
The following table summarizes the actual charges incurred (in thousands):
Capacity and overhead cost reductionsAmounts incurred during fiscal year 2015 Amounts incurred during fiscal year 2016 Cumulative amounts incurred through fiscal year 2016 Affected Line Item in the Consolidated Statements of Loss
Loss on disposal or impairment of long-lived assets
$42,716
 
$15,506
 
$58,222
 Loss on disposal or impairment of long-lived assets
Severance expense2,019
 264
 2,283
 Sales, general and administrative expenses
Lease termination and facility consolidation costs1,246
 3,079
 4,325
 Sales, general and administrative expenses
Increase in channel inventory reserves26,479
 
 26,479
 Revenue, net
Increase in inventory reserves11,091
 
 11,091
 Cost of revenue, net
  Total restructuring charges
$83,551
 
$18,849
 
$102,400
  

Revenue
Revenue was comprised of the following (in thousands, except percentages):following:
 Fiscal Years EndedYear-Over-Year Change
(in millions of U.S. Dollars)June 26, 2022June 27, 2021June 28, 20202021 to 20222020 to 2021
Revenue$746.2 $525.6 $470.7 $220.6 42 %$54.9 12 %
 Fiscal Years Ended Year-Over-Year Change
 June 25,
2017
 June 26,
2016
 June 28,
2015
 2016 to 2017 2015 to 2016
Lighting Products
$701,467
 
$889,133
 
$906,502
 
($187,666) (21)% 
($17,369) (2)%
Percent of revenue48% 55% 56%        
LED Products550,302
 551,156
 554,987
 (854)  % (3,831) (1)%
Percent of revenue37%
34%
34%        
Wolfspeed221,231
 176,338
 171,016
 44,893
 25 % 5,322
 3 %
Percent of revenue15% 11% 10%        
Total revenue
$1,473,000
 
$1,616,627
 
$1,632,505
 
($143,627) (9)% 
($15,878) (1)%
Our consolidatedThe increase in revenue decreased 9% to $1.5 billion infor fiscal 2017 compared to $1.6 billion in fiscal 2016. Lighting Products revenue decreased by 21% and LED Products revenue decreased slightly, while Wolfspeed revenue increased by 25%. For the fiscal year ended 2016, our consolidated revenue remained flat at $1.6 billion2022 compared to fiscal 2015. Lighting Products revenue and LED Products revenue decreased by 2% and 1%, respectively, while Wolfspeed revenue increased by 3%.
Lighting Products Segment Revenue
Lighting Products revenue represented approximately 48%, 55%, and 56% of our total revenue for fiscal 2017, 2016 and 2015 respectively. Lighting Products revenue was $701.5 million, $889.1 million, and $906.5 million for fiscal 2017, 2016 and 2015 respectively.
Lighting Products revenue decreased 21% to $701.5 million in fiscal 2017 from $889.1 million in fiscal 2016. This decrease was the result of a 15% decrease in units sold and an 11% decrease in average selling prices (ASP), partially offset by the incremental revenue associated with a patent license issuance fee in connection with a new patent license agreement. The decrease in units sold in fiscal 2017 compared to fiscal 2016 was due to lower sales in both our commercial and consumer channels. The decrease in ASP in fiscal 2017 compared to fiscal 20162021 was primarily due to lower consumer bulb prices year over year.increased demand across all of our product lines, as well as increased production capacity for our power and materials product lines to meet the strong demand during the period.
Lighting ProductsThe increase in revenue decreased 2% to $889.1 million infor fiscal 2016 from $906.5 million in fiscal 2015. This decrease was the result of lower consumer lighting sales which offset higher commercial lighting sales. The number of units sold decreased 22% in fiscal 20162021 compared to fiscal 2015 due to lower consumer bulb sales and a change in mix, which was partially offset by an increase in ASP. The ASP increased 26% in fiscal 2016 compared to fiscal 2015 primarily due to a higher mix of commercial lighting fixtures, which have a higher ASP than our other lighting products.
LED Products Segment Revenue
LED Products revenue represented 37%, 34%, and 34% of our total revenue for fiscal 2017, 2016 and 2015, respectively. LED Products revenue was $550.3 million, $551.2 million, and $555.0 million for fiscal 2017, 2016 and 2015, respectively.
LED Products revenue decreased slightly to $550.3 million in fiscal 2017 from $551.2 million in fiscal 2016. This decrease was primarily the result of a decrease in licensing revenue mostly offset by increased product sales. The number of units sold increased 7% which was partially offset by 5% decrease in ASPs. The decrease in ASP in fiscal 2017 compared to fiscal 2016 was due to competitive pricing pressures.
LED Products revenue decreased 1% to $551.2 million in fiscal 2016 from $555.0 million in fiscal 2015. This decrease was primarily a result of a reduction in ASP due to increased global competition for LED products which impacted both our LED chip and LED component product lines, partially offset by an increase in the overall number of units sold and an increase in license revenue associated with new patent license agreements. The ASP decreased 11% in fiscal 2016 compared to fiscal 2015 and the overall number of units sold increased 12% in fiscal 2016 compared to fiscal 2015.
Wolfspeed Segment Revenue
Wolfspeed revenue represented approximately 15%, 11%, and 10% of our total revenue for fiscal 2017, 2016 and 2015, respectively. Wolfspeed revenue was $221.2 million, $176.3 million, and $171.0 million for fiscal 2017, 2016 and 2015, respectively.

Wolfspeed revenue increased 25% to $221.2 million in fiscal 2017 from $176.3 million in fiscal 2016. This increase was primarily the result of a 29% increase in the number of units sold and a 2% increase in ASP, which were partially offset by a decrease in contract revenue. The increase in units sold in fiscal 2017 compared to fiscal 2016 was the result of increases across all products. The increase in ASP in fiscal 2017 compared to fiscal 20162020 was primarily due to a greater mix of higher priced material substrate and RF device products.
Wolfspeed revenue increased 3% to $176.3 millionincreases in fiscal 2016 from $171.0 million in fiscal 2015. This increase was primarily the result of higher substrate and contract revenue, partially offset by lower device sales. ASPs increased 17% in fiscal 2016 compared to fiscal 2015, partially offset by a 17% decrease in the number of units sold. The increase in ASP was due to a higher substrate sale mix and a greater mix of higher priceddemand for power and RF products. The decreasedevices and increases in units sold was primarily the result of lower RF units sold.production capacity for our power devices.
Gross Profit and Gross Margin
Gross profit and gross margin were as follows (in thousands, except percentages):follows:
 Fiscal Years EndedYear-Over-Year Change
(in millions of U.S. Dollars)June 26, 2022June 27, 2021June 28, 20202021 to 20222020 to 2021
Gross profit$249.3 $164.6 $158.5 $84.7 51 %$6.1 %
Gross margin33 %31 %34 %
 Fiscal Years Ended Year-Over-Year Change
 June 25, 2017 June 26, 2016 June 28, 2015 2016 to 2017 2015 to 2016
Lighting Products gross profit
$196,218
 
$238,242
 
$235,542
 
($42,024) (18)% 
$2,700
 1 %
Lighting Products gross margin28% 27% 26%        
LED Products151,675
 173,814
 158,955
 (22,139) (13)% 14,859
 9 %
LED Products Gross Margin28% 32% 29%        
Wolfspeed gross profit103,465
 94,622
 99,721
 8,843
 9 % (5,099) (5)%
Wolfspeed gross margin47% 54% 58%        
Unallocated costs(16,786) (19,604) (20,299)
2,818
 (14)% 695
 (3)%
Consolidated gross profit
$434,572
 
$487,074
 
$473,919
 
($52,502) (11)% 
$13,155
 3 %
Consolidated gross margin30% 30% 29%        
Our consolidatedThe increase in gross profit decreased 11%for fiscal 2022 compared to $434.6 million in fiscal 2017 from $487.1 million in fiscal 2016. Our consolidated gross margin remained flat at 30% in fiscal 2017 and in fiscal 2016. Our consolidated gross profit increased 3% to $487.1 million in fiscal 2016 from $473.9 million in fiscal 2015. Our consolidated gross margin increased to 30% in fiscal 2016 from 29% in fiscal 2015.
Lighting Products Segment Gross Profit and Gross Margin
Lighting Products gross profit2021 was $196.2 million, $238.2 million, and $235.5 million in fiscal 2017, 2016 and 2015, respectively. Lighting Products gross margin was 28%, 27%, and 26% in fiscal 2017, 2016 and 2015, respectively.
Lighting Products gross profit decreased 18% to $196.2 million in fiscal 2017 from $238.2 million in fiscal 2016. Lighting Products gross margin increased to 28% in fiscal 2017 from 27% in fiscal 2016. Lighting Products gross profit decreased primarily due to lower lighting product sales, higher commercial lighting product warranty reserves,increased revenues in the current period and lower factory utilization, which were partially offset by a patent license issuance fee. Lighting Productsmanufacturing costs, including the impact of increasing the expected useful lives of certain machinery and equipment assets to more closely reflect the estimated economic lives of those assets. The increase in gross margin increasedfor fiscal 2022 compared to fiscal 2021 was primarily due to the patent license issuance fee revenue, partiallysame factors as the increase to gross profit, partly offset by the higher commercial lighting product warranty reserves and lower factory utilization from lower lighting product sales.mix.
Lighting ProductsThe increase in gross profit increased 1%for fiscal 2021 compared to $238.2 million in fiscal 2016 from $235.5 million in fiscal 2015. Lighting Products gross margin increased to 27% in fiscal 2016 from 26% in fiscal 2015. Lighting Products gross profit and gross margin increased due to a more favorable mix of commercial lighting fixtures and the benefit of factory cost reductions.
LED Products Segment Gross Profit and Gross Margin
Our LED Products gross profit2020 was $151.7 million, $173.8 million, and $159.0 million in fiscal 2017, 2016 and 2015, respectively. LED Products gross margin was 28%, 32%, and 29% in fiscal 2017, 2016 and 2015, respectively.

LED Products gross profit decreased 13% to $151.7 million in fiscal 2017 from $173.8 million in fiscal 2016, and LED Products gross margin decreased to 28% in fiscal 2017 from 32% in fiscal 2016. LED Products gross profit and gross margin decreased due to lower license revenue, lower pricing resulting from the increased global competition for LED products and a less favorable mix of LED products sold.
LED Products gross profit increased 9% to $173.8 million in fiscal 2016 from $159.0 million in fiscal 2015, and LED Products gross margin increased to 32% in fiscal 2016 from 29% in fiscal 2015. LED Products gross profit and gross margin increased due to higher license revenue and higher units sold, partially offset by lower pricing. In fiscal 2015, LED Products gross profit and gross margin were negatively impacted by increases in channel inventory reserves and inventory reserves pursuant to our restructuring plan, as well as lower factory utilization resulting from lower demand and our targeted actions in the latter half of fiscal 2015 to reduce inventory balances for our LED Products segment.
Wolfspeed Segment Gross Profit and Gross Margin
Wolfspeed gross profit was $103.5 million, $94.6 million, and $99.7 million in fiscal 2017, 2016 and 2015, respectively. Wolfspeed gross margin was 47%, 54%, and 58% in fiscal 2017, 2016 and 2015, respectively.
Wolfspeed gross profit increased 9% to $103.5 million in fiscal 2017 from $94.6 million in fiscal 2016. Wolfspeed gross margin decreased to 47% in fiscal 2017 from 54% in fiscal 2016. Wolfspeed gross profit increased primarily due to higher revenue. Wolfspeedincreased revenues in the current period. The decrease in gross margin decreasedfor fiscal 2021 compared to fiscal 2020 was primarily due to an unfavorable product mix shift and higher factory costs associated with new product ramp ups and changes in product mix.as we continued to bring on additional capacity.
Wolfspeed gross profit decreased 5% to $94.6 million in fiscal 2016 from $99.7 million in fiscal 2015. Wolfspeed gross margin decreased to 54% in fiscal 2016 from 58% in fiscal 2015. Wolfspeed gross profit and gross margin decreased primarily due to costs associated with new product ramp ups and changes in product mix.
Unallocated Costs
Unallocated costs were $16.8 million, $19.6 million, and $20.3 million for fiscal 2017, 2016 and 2015, respectively. These costs consisted primarily of manufacturing employees’ stock-based compensation, expenses for profit sharing and quarterly or annual incentive plans and matching contributions under our 401(k) plan. These costs were not allocated to the reportable segments’ gross profit because our CODM does not review them regularly when evaluating segment performance and allocating resources.
Unallocated costs decreased by $2.8 million in fiscal 2017 compared to fiscal 2016, primarily due to lower stock-based compensation incurred as a result of our lower average share price.
Unallocated costs decreased by $0.7 million in fiscal 2016 compared to fiscal 2015, primarily due to lower stock-based compensation incurred as a result of our lower average share price.
For further information on the allocation of costs to segment gross profit, refer to Note 14, “Reportable Segments,” in our consolidated financial statements included in Item 8 of this Annual Report.
Research and Development
Research and development expenses include costs associated with the development of new products, enhancements of existing products and general technology research. These costs consisted primarily of employee salaries and related compensation costs, occupancy costs, consulting costs and the cost of development equipment and supplies.
The following sets forth our research Research and development expensescosts also include developing supporting technologies for expansion of our new Silicon Carbide device fabrication facility in dollars and as a percentage of revenue (in thousands, except percentages):
 Fiscal Years Ended Year-Over-Year Change
 June 25, 2017 June 26, 2016 June 28, 2015 2016 to 2017 2015 to 2016
Research and development
$158,549
 
$168,848
 
$182,797
 
($10,299) (6)% 
($13,949) (8)%
Percent of revenue11% 10% 11%        
Marcy, New York.
Research and development expenses decreasedwere as follows:
Fiscal Years EndedYear-Over-Year Change
(in millions of U.S. Dollars)June 26, 2022June 27, 2021June 28, 20202021 to 20222020 to 2021
Research and development$196.4 $177.8 $152.0 $18.6 10 %$25.8 17 %
Percent of revenue26 %34 %32 %
The increases in fiscal 2017 to $158.5 million compared to $168.8 million in fiscal 2016, which decreased from $182.8 million in fiscal 2015. The decrease in fiscal 2017 compared to fiscal 2016 wasresearch and development expenses were primarily due to cost managementour continued investment in our Silicon Carbide and GaN technologies, including the naturedevelopment of current researchexisting Silicon Carbide materials and development projects. The decrease in fiscal 2016 compared to fiscal 2015 was primarily due to a shift in emphasis to lighting-related researchfabrication technology for next generation platforms and development, which is inherently less expensive than LED researchexpansion of our power and development.

RF product portfolio.
Our research and development expenses vary significantly from year to year based on a number of factors, including the timing of new product introductions and the number and nature of our ongoing research and development activities.
32


Sales, General and Administrative
Sales, general and administrative expenses wereare comprised primarily of costs associated with our sales and marketing personnel and our executive and administrative personnel (for example, finance, human resources, information technology and legal) and consistedconsist of salaries and related compensation costs; consulting and other professional services (such as litigation and other outside legal counsel fees, audit and other compliance costs); marketing and advertising expenses; facilities and insurance costs; and travel and other costs.
Sales, general and administrative expenses were as follows:
 Fiscal Years EndedYear-Over-Year Change
(in millions of U.S. Dollars)June 26, 2022June 27, 2021June 28, 20202021 to 20222020 to 2021
Sales, general and administrative$203.5 $181.6 $181.7 $21.9 12 %($0.1)— %
Percent of revenue27 %35 %39 %
The following table sets forth ourincrease in sales, general and administrative expenses in dollarsfiscal 2022 compared to fiscal 2021 was primarily due to increased salaries and benefits from increased headcount, including incentive based stock-based compensation, as well as increased consulting, legal and travel costs, partially offset by a percentagedecrease in costs related to transition services incurred in the first half of revenue (in thousands, except percentages):
 Fiscal Years Ended Year-Over-Year Change
 June 25, 2017 June 26, 2016 June 28, 2015 2016 to 2017 2015 to 2016
Sales, general and administrative
$277,175
 
$283,052
 
$290,730
 
($5,877) (2)% 
($7,678) (3)%
Percent of revenue19% 18% 18%        
fiscal 2021 in connection with the sale of our former Lighting Products business unit.
Sales, general and administrative expenses stayed fairly steady in fiscal 2017 decreased 2% to $277.2 million from $283.1 million in fiscal 2016, which was a 3% decrease from $290.7 million in fiscal 2015. The decrease in fiscal 20172021 compared to fiscal 2016 was primarily due to lower spending on corporate sales2020. Increased salaries and marketing expenses related to lower salesbenefits, including incentive based stock-based compensation and a decrease in litigation spendingcommissions, were partially offset by higher Wolfspeed transaction expenses. The decrease in fiscal 2016 compared to fiscal 2015 was primarily due to lower spending on corporate salesdecreased information technology costs and marketing expensesprofessional and legal fees. Additionally, further offsetting decreases related to lower sales, partially offset by an increase in legal fees associated with intellectual property protectiona decrease of travel costs as a result of travel restrictions related to the COVID-19 pandemic and enforcement.employee relocation expenses.
Amortization or Impairment of Acquisition-Related Intangibles
As a result of our acquisitions, we have recognizedrecognize various amortizable intangible assets, including customer relationships, developed technology and non-compete agreements and trade names.agreements.
Amortization of intangible assets related to our acquisitions was as follows (in thousands, except percentages):follows:
Fiscal Years EndedYear-Over-Year Change
Fiscal Years Ended Year-Over-Year Change
June 25,
2017
 June 26,
2016
 June 28,
2015
 2016 to 2017 2015 to 2016
(in millions of U.S. Dollars)(in millions of U.S. Dollars)June 26, 2022June 27, 2021June 28, 20202021 to 20222020 to 2021
Customer relationships
$6,235
 
$6,374
 
$5,614
 
($139) (2)% 
$760
 14 %Customer relationships$6.1 $6.1 $6.1 $— — %$— — %
Developed technology20,860
 20,321
 18,642
 539
 3 % 1,679
 9 %Developed technology5.4 5.4 5.4 — — %— — %
Non-compete agreements404
 2,037
 1,960
 (1,633) (80)% 77
 4 %Non-compete agreements2.1 3.0 3.0 (0.9)(30)%— — %
Trade names, finite-lived
 
 4
 
  % (4) (100)%
Total
$27,499
 
$28,732
 
$26,220
 
($1,233) (4)% 
$2,512
 10 %Total$13.6 $14.5 $14.5 ($0.9)(6)%$— — %
Amortization of acquisition-related intangiblesintangible assets decreased in fiscal 20172022 compared to fiscal 2016 primarily2021 due to less amortization expense for customer relationships andan intangible asset relating to non-compete agreements inreaching the end of its useful life during fiscal 2017. This decrease was partially offset by an increase2022. No other significant acquisition-related intangible activity or impairments occurred in the amortizationperiods reported.
Abandonment of developed technology related to the acquisition of Arkansas Power Electronics International, Inc. (APEI) that was placed in service inLong-Lived Assets
In the fourth quarter of fiscal 2016. Amortization2021, we modified our long-range plan regarding a portion of acquisition-related intangibles increasedour Durham, North Carolina campus originally intended for expanding our LED production capacity that we had considered using to expand the manufacturing footprint for our Silicon Carbide materials product line. After we complete our current ongoing Silicon Carbide materials production capacity expansion in fiscal 2016 compared to fiscal 2015 primarily due toDurham, we plan on further expansion of our Silicon Carbide materials production capacity outside of the amortizationDurham campus. As a result, we decided we will no longer complete the construction of intangibles related tocertain buildings on the APEI acquisition as discussedDurham campus. Accordingly, an expense of $73.9 million was recorded based upon an updated valuation of the property in Note 3, “Acquisition,” inconnection with the preparation of our consolidated financial statements in Part II, Item 8 of this Annual Report.for the fiscal year ended June 27, 2021.

33


Loss(Gain) loss on Disposal or Impairment of Long-LivedOther Assets
We operate a capital intensivecapital-intensive business. As such, we dispose of a certain level of our equipment in the normal course of business as our production processes change due to production improvement initiatives or product mix changes. Due to the risk of technological obsolescence or changes in our production process, we regularly review our equipmentlong-lived assets and capitalized patent costs for possible impairment. The following table sets forth our
(Gain) loss on disposal or impairment of long-livedother assets (in thousands, except percentages):were as follows:
 Fiscal Years EndedYear-Over-Year Change
(in millions of U.S. Dollars)June 26, 2022June 27, 2021June 28, 20202021 to 20222020 to 2021
(Gain) loss on disposal or impairment of other assets($0.3)$1.6 $1.5 ($1.9)(119)%$0.1 %
 Fiscal Years Ended Year-Over-Year Change
 June 25, 2017 June 26, 2016 June 28, 2015 2016 to 2017 2015 to 2016
Loss on disposal or impairment of long-lived assets
$2,521
 
$16,913
 
$47,722
 
($14,392) (85)% 
($30,809) (65)%
(Gain) loss on disposal or impairment of other assets primarily relate to proceeds from asset sales offset by write-offs of fixed asset projects, as well as the write-offs of impaired or abandoned patents. Additionally, the gain on disposal or impairment of other assets for the fiscal year ended June 26, 2022 includes a $0.7 million net gain related to consideration received from the early payment of the unsecured promissory note issued by SGH at the closing of the LED Business Divestiture (the Purchase Price Note), as discussed in Note 3, "Discontinued Operations," in our consolidated financial statements included in Item 8 of this Annual Report.
We recognized a net lossOther Operating Expense
Other operating expense was comprised of $2.5 million, $16.9 million, and $47.7 millionthe following:
 Fiscal Years EndedYear-Over-Year Change
(in millions of U.S. Dollars)June 26, 2022June 27, 2021June 28, 20202021 to 20222020 to 2021
Factory optimization restructuring$6.1 $7.6 $8.5 ($1.5)(20)%($0.9)(11)%
Severance and other restructuring1.2 3.4 0.6 (2.2)(65)%2.8 467 %
Total restructuring costs7.3 11.0 9.1 (3.7)(34)%1.9 21 %
Project, transformation and transaction costs6.6 7.3 12.2 (0.7)(10)%(4.9)(40)%
Factory start-up costs70.0 8.0 9.5 62.0 775 %(1.5)(16)%
Non-restructuring related executive severance— 2.8 2.1 (2.8)(100)%0.7 33 %
Other operating expense$83.9 $29.1 $32.9 $54.8 188 %($3.8)(12)%
Factory optimization restructuring costs relate to facility consolidations as well as disposals on the disposal of long-lived assets in fiscal years 2017, 2016, and 2015, respectively. The decrease in net loss in fiscal 2017 compared to fiscal 2016 was primarily due to the planned sale or abandonment of certain long-lived assets in fiscal 2016assets. Severance and other restructuring costs relate to reduce excess manufacturing capacity pursuant to ourcorporate restructuring plan discussed above. The net losses in fiscal 2016 and fiscal 2015 were primarily due to the planned sale or abandonment of certain long-lived assets to reduce excess manufacturing capacity pursuant to our restructuring plan discussed above.
Wolfspeed Transaction Termination Fee
As discussed more fully inplans. See Note 1, “Business,”18, "Restructuring," in our consolidated financial statements included in Item 8 of this Annual Report for additional information on our restructuring costs.
Project, transformation and transaction costs primarily relate to professional services fees associated with completed and potential acquisitions and divestitures, as well as internal transformation programs focused on optimizing our administrative processes.
Factory start-up costs are start-up costs incurred as part of our factory optimization efforts to expand our production footprint to support expected growth. Our factory optimization efforts began in fiscal 2019 and ended in fiscal 2022. Additionally, we began incurring start-up costs related to the opening of a resultnew Silicon Carbide device fabrication facility in Marcy, New York in the third quarter of fiscal 2022.
The increase in other operating expense in fiscal 2022 compared to fiscal 2021 was primarily due to increased factory start-up costs as we continued our expansion of a new Silicon Carbide device fabrication facility in Marcy, New York, partially offset by a decrease in total restructuring costs and non-restructuring related executive severance.
The decrease in other operating expense in fiscal 2021 compared to fiscal 2020 was primarily due to decreased project, transformation and transaction costs, partially offset by a slight increase in total restructuring costs.
34


Non-Operating Expense (Income), net
Non-operating expense (income), net was comprised of the termination of the agreementfollowing:
 Fiscal Years EndedYear-Over-Year Change
(in millions of U.S. Dollars)June 26, 2022June 27, 2021June 28, 20202021 to 20222020 to 2021
Gain on sale of investments, net($0.3)($0.4)($1.5)$0.1 (25)%$1.1 73 %
Gain on equity investment— (8.3)(14.2)8.3 100 %5.9 42 %
Loss (gain) on debt extinguishment24.8 — (11.0)24.8 100 %11.0 100 %
Gain on arbitration proceedings— — (7.9)— — %7.9 100 %
Interest income(11.8)(10.1)(16.3)(1.7)(17)%6.2 38 %
Interest expense25.1 45.4 34.9 (20.3)(45)%10.5 30 %
Other, net0.5 (0.3)(2.5)0.8 267 %2.2 88 %
Non-operating expense (income), net$38.3 $26.3 ($18.5)$12.0 46 %$44.8 242 %
Gain on equity investment. The gain on equity investment for fiscal 2021 and 2020 relates to sell the Wolfspeed business to Infineon, Infineon paid us a termination fee of $12.5 millionchanges in cash on March 10, 2017.
Non-Operating Income (Expense), net
The following table sets forth our non-operating income (expense), net (in thousands, except percentages):
 Fiscal Years Ended Year-Over-Year Change
 June 25, 2017 June 26, 2016 June 28, 2015 2016 to 2017 2015 to 2016
Gain on sale of investments, net
$93
 
$238
 
$925
 
($145) (61)% 
($687) (74)%
Gain (loss) on equity investment7,543
 (15,357) (22,624) 22,900
 (149)% 7,267
 (32)%
Dividends from equity investment16
 1,655
 2,581
 (1,639) (99)% (926) (36)%
Interest income, net3,696
 4,472
 9,086
 (776) (17)% (4,614) (51)%
Foreign currency gain (loss), net2,460
 (4,500) (929) 6,960
 (155)% (3,571) 384 %
Other, net200
 457
 572
 (257) (56)% (115) (20)%
Non-operating income (expense), net
$14,008
 
($13,035) 
($10,389) 
$27,043
 (207)% 
($2,646) 25 %
During fiscal 2017, 2016 and 2015, we were in a net interest income position. Our short-term investments consisted primarily of municipal bonds, corporate bonds, U.S. agency securities, non-U.S. certificates of deposit and non-U.S. government securities. The primary objectivefair value of our investment policy is preservationpreviously held ENNOSTAR Inc. (ENNOSTAR) investment. In the fourth quarter of principal. Other long-term investments consisted offiscal 2021, we liquidated our approximately 15% common stock ownership interest in Lextar Electronics Corporation (Lextar),ENNOSTAR. We no longer hold any equity interest in ENNOSTAR.
Loss (gain) on debt extinguishment. In the second quarter of fiscal 2022, all of our then-outstanding 2023 Notes were converted into shares of our common stock, which was completedresulted in December 2014. This investment was accounted for undera loss on extinguishment of $24.8 million. Additionally, in the equity method from the datefourth quarter of investment until June 2016 whenfiscal 2020, we chose for our representative not to stand for re-electionrecognized a gain on partial debt extinguishment as a memberresult of spending $144.3 million to repurchase $150.2 million of the Lextar boardprincipal amount held on our previously held 2023 Notes. See Note 10, "Long-term Debt," to our consolidated financial statements in Item 8 of directors. We utilize the fair value option in accountingthis Annual Report for our investment in Lextar.additional information.
Gain on salearbitration proceedings. The gain on arbitration proceedings primarily relates to an award from an arbitration proceeding in the third quarter of investments, net. Gain on salefiscal 2020 with a former vendor in which we were awarded damages for defective inventory. Additionally, a small legal settlement was paid in the fourth quarter of investments, net was $93 thousand, $238 thousand and $925 thousandfiscal 2020.
Interest income. The increase in interest income in fiscal 2017,2022 compared to fiscal 2016 and fiscal 2015, respectively. Gain on sale of investments, net decreased in fiscal 20172021 was primarily due to lower sales of investments. Gain on sale of investments, net decreased in fiscal 2016 primarily due to lower sales of investments.

Gain (loss) on equity investment. Gain on equity investment was $7.5 million in fiscal 2017 and loss on equity investment was $15.4 million and $22.6 million in fiscal 2016 and fiscal 2015, respectively. We had a gain on equity investment in fiscal 2017 due to the increase in the fair value of our Lextar investment. We had a loss on equity investment in fiscal 2016 and fiscal 2015 due to decreases in the fair value of our Lextar investment. Lextar’s stock is publicly traded on the Taiwan Stock Exchange and its share price increased from 15.70 New Taiwanese Dollars (TWD) at June 26, 2016 to 18.40 TWD at June 25, 2017. Lextar's share price declined from 30 TWD at the date of our investment in December 2014 to 21.55 TWD at June 28, 2015 and to 15.70 TWD at June 26, 2016. This volatile stock price trend may continue in the future given the risks inherent in Lextar’s business and trends affecting the Taiwan and global equity markets. Any future stock price changes will be recorded as further gains or losses on equity investment based on the increase or decrease, respectively, in the fair value of the investment during the applicable fiscal period. Further losses could have a material adverse effectinterest income received on our results of operations.
Dividendspreviously held note receivable from equity investment. DividendsSGH in connection with the LED Business Divestiture, partially offset by decreased investment returns from equityour short-term investment were $0.0 million, $1.7 million and $2.6 million in fiscal 2017, fiscal 2016 and fiscal 2015, respectively, due to our Lextar investment.
Interest income, net. Interest income, net was $3.7 million, $4.5 million and $9.1 million in fiscal 2017, fiscal 2016 and fiscal 2015, respectively.securities. The decrease in interest income net in fiscal 20172021 compared to fiscal 20162020 was primarily due to lower invested balances and higher interestsignificant reductions in investment returns on our short-term investment securities.
Interest expense due to overall higher borrowings associated with our line of credit, partially offset by higher investment yields.. The decrease in interest income, netexpense in fiscal 20162022 compared to fiscal 20152021 was primarily due to lower invested balances and highercapitalizing interest on the 2026 Notes in connection with the building of our new Silicon Carbide device fabrication facility in New York, which we began capitalizing in the fourth quarter of fiscal 2021. The decrease in interest expense due to overall higher borrowings associated with our lineresulting from the extinguishment of credit, partiallythe 2023 Notes in the second quarter of fiscal 2022 was mostly offset by higher investment yields.
Foreign currency gain (loss), net. Foreign currency gain (loss), net consisted primarilyan increase in interest expense from the sale of remeasurement adjustments resulting from our Lextar investment and consolidating our international subsidiaries.the 2028 Notes in the third quarter of fiscal 2022. The foreign currency gain, netincrease in interest expense in fiscal 20172021 compared to fiscal 2020 was primarily due to favorable fluctuations in the exchange rate between bothaddition of the Chinese Yuan and the Euro and the United States Dollar which was2026 Notes on April 21, 2020, partially offset by a partial extinguishment of our then-outstanding 2023 Notes.
Other, net. Other, net, primarily includes (i) foreign currency (gain) loss, net resulting from remeasurement adjustments from our international subsidiaries, (ii) net losses on the Wafer Supply Agreement entered into in fiscal 2021, pursuant to which we supply CreeLED with certain Silicon Carbide materials and fabrication services for up to four years, and (iii) a loss related to receiving an unfavorable fluctuationearly payment for the Purchase Price Note. See Note 2, "Discontinued Operations," in our consolidated financial statements included in Item 8 of this Annual Report for additional information on the exchange rate between the TWDWafer Supply Agreement and the United States Dollar related to our Lextar investment. The foreign currency loss net in fiscal 2016 was primarily due to unfavorable fluctuation inon early payment of the exchange rate between the TWD and the United States Dollar related to our Lextar investment and unfavorable fluctuation in the exchange rate between the Chinese Yuan and the United States Dollar. The foreign currency gain, net for fiscal 2015 was primarily due to unfavorable fluctuation in the exchange rate between the TWD and the United States Dollar related to our Lextar investment and unfavorable fluctuation in the exchange rate between the Euro and the United States Dollar.Purchase Price Note.
Other, net. Other, net was $200 thousand, $457 thousand and $572 thousand in fiscal 2017, fiscal 2016 and fiscal 2015, respectively.
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Income Tax Expense (Benefit)
The following table sets forth our incomeIncome tax expense (benefit) in dollars and our effective tax rate (in thousands, except percentages):was as follows:
 Fiscal Years EndedYear-Over-Year Change
(in millions of U.S. Dollars)June 26, 2022June 27, 2021June 28, 20202021 to 20222020 to 2021
Income tax expense (benefit)$9.0 $1.1 ($8.0)7.9 718 %9.1 114 %
Effective tax rate(3)%— %%
 Fiscal Years Ended Year-Over-Year Change
 June 25,
2017
 June 26,
2016
 June 28,
2015
 2016 to 2017 2015 to 2016
Income tax expense (benefit)
$93,454
 
($1,970) 
($19,247) 95,424
 (4,844)% 17,277
 (90)%
Effective tax rate(2,004)% 8% 23%        
We recognized income tax expense of $93.5 million in fiscal 2017 as compared to income tax benefit of $2.0 million in fiscal 2016. The decreasechange in the effective tax rate from 8%0% in fiscal 20162021 to (2,004)(3)% in fiscal 20172022 was primarily due to $7.3 million of income tax expense recognized in the establishmentsecond quarter of a valuation allowance againstfiscal 2022 related to the restructuring of our U.S. deferred tax assets and other deferred charges in a period of a pre-tax loss, asLuxembourg holding company. This restructuring is discussed more fullyfurther in Note 12 “Income Taxes”14, "Income Taxes," to our auditedconsolidated financial statements included in Part II, Item 8 of this Annual Report.
The decreasechange in the effective tax rate from 23%4% in fiscal 20152020 to 8%0% in fiscal 20162021 was primarily due to the establishment of a valuation allowance on foreignincreased tax benefit recorded in fiscal 2020 related to net operating loss carryovers during fiscal 2016.provisions of the Coronavirus Aid, Relief, and Economic Security Act.
TheIn general, the variation between our effective income tax rate and the current U.S. statutory rate of 35 percent21.0% is primarily due to: (i) changes in our valuation allowances against deferred tax assets, in the U.S. and Luxembourg, (ii) income derived from international locations with lowerdiffering tax rates than the U.S., and (iii) tax credits generated.

Net Loss from Discontinued Operations
As discussed above, we have classified the results of our former LED Products segment as discontinued operations in our consolidated statements of operations for all periods presented. We ceased recording depreciation and amortization of long-lived assets of the LED Business upon classification as discontinued operations in October 2020.
We recorded net income from discontinued operations of $94.2 million, net loss from discontinued operations of $181.2 million and net income from discontinued operations of $7.0 million in fiscal 2022, 2021 and 2020, respectively.
Net income from discontinued operations in fiscal 2022 relates to the receipt of an unsecured promissory note from CreeLED as additional consideration to satisfy the earnout obligations pursuant to the Asset Purchase Agreement (the LED Purchase Agreement), dated October 18, 2020, as amended. The additional consideration was based upon the revenue and gross profit performance of the LED Business in the first four full fiscal quarters following the closing.
Net loss from discontinued operations in fiscal 2021 includes a $112.6 million goodwill impairment, a $19.5 million impairment to assets held for sale associated with the LED Business Divestiture and a $29.1 million loss on sale. Additionally, total costs to sell of $27.4 million were recognized throughout fiscal 2021 and fiscal 2020 and are included in net (loss) income from discontinued operations for those periods.
Liquidity and Capital Resources
Overview
We require cash to fund our operating expenses and working capital requirements, including the purchase of goods and services in the ordinary course of business such as raw materials, supplies and capital equipment, as well as outlays for research and development, capital expenditures, strategic acquisitions and investments. Our principal sources of liquidity are cash on hand, marketable securities cash generated from operations and, as described further below, availability under our line of credit. Our ability to generate cash from operations has been one of our fundamental strengths and has provided us with substantial flexibility in meeting our operating, financing and investing needs. We have a $500 million line of credit as discussed in Note 8, “Long-term Debt,” in our consolidated financial statements included in Part II, Item 8 of this Annual Report. The purpose of this facility is to provide short term flexibility to optimize returns on our cash and investment portfolio while funding share repurchases, capital expenditures and other general business needs.
Based on past performance and current expectations, we believe our current working capital, availability under our line of credit and anticipated cash flows from operations will be adequate to meet our cash needs for our daily operations and capital expenditures for at least the next 12 months. We may use a portionWith the strength of our available cash and cash equivalents, line of credit or funds underlying our marketable securities to repurchase shares of our common stock pursuant to repurchase programs authorized by our Board of Directors. With our strong working capital position, we believe that we have the ability to continue to invest in expansion of our production capacity, further development of our products and, when necessary or appropriate, make selective acquisitions or other strategic investments to strengthen our product portfolio or secure key intellectual properties or expand our production capacity.
From time to time, we evaluate strategic opportunities, including potential acquisitions, joint ventures, divestitures, spin-offs or investments in complementary businesses, and we anticipate continuing to make such evaluations. We may also access capital markets through the issuance of debt or additional shares of common stock in connection with the acquisition of complementary businesses or other significant assets or for other strategic opportunities.
Contractual Obligations
At June 25, 2017, payments to be made pursuant to significant contractual obligations are as follows (in thousands):properties.
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   Payments Due by Period
 Total Less than
One Year
 One to
Three Years
 Three to
Five Years
 More Than
Five Years
Operating lease obligations
$14,462
 
$4,905
 
$6,256
 
$2,042
 
$1,259
Purchase obligations124,733
 111,576
 4,374
 4,058
 4,725
Long-term debt145,000
 
 145,000
 
 
Interest payments on long-term debt1
11,012
 3,031
 6,062
 1,919
 
Other long-term liabilities2

 
 
 
 
Total contractual obligations
$295,207
 
$119,512
 
$161,692
 
$8,019
 
$5,984
Sources of Liquidity
1Interest payments on long-term debt are based on the interest rate at June 25, 2017.
2 Other long-term liabilities as of June 25, 2017 included long-term tax contingencies and other tax liabilities of $49.9 million, deferred liabilities of $0.4 million and other long-term contingent liabilities (for example, warranties) of $19.8 million. These liabilities were not included in the table above as they will either not be settled in cash and/or the timing of any payments is uncertain.
Operating lease obligations include rental amounts due on leases of certain office and manufacturing space under the terms of non-cancelable operating leases. These leases expire at various times through April 2024. Most of the lease agreements provide for rental adjustments for increases in base rent, property taxes and general property maintenance that would be recognized as rent expense, if applicable.
Purchase obligations represent purchase commitments, including open purchase orders and contracts, and are generally related to the purchase of goods and services in the ordinary course of business such as raw materials, supplies and capital equipment.

Financial Condition
The following table sets forth our cash, cash equivalents and short-term investments (in thousands):investments:
(in millions of U.S. Dollars)June 26, 2022June 27, 2021Change
Cash and cash equivalents$449.5 $379.0 $70.5 
Short-term investments749.3 775.6 (26.3)
Total cash, cash equivalents and short-term investments$1,198.8 $1,154.6 $44.2 
 June 25,
2017
 June 26,
2016
 Change
Cash and cash equivalents
$132,597
 
$166,154
 
($33,557)
Short-term investments478,341
 439,151
 39,190
Total cash, cash equivalents and short-term investments
$610,938
 
$605,305
 
$5,633
Our liquidity and capital resources primarily depend on our cash flows from operations and our working capital. The significant components of our working capital are liquid assets such as cash and cash equivalents, short-term investments, accounts receivable and inventories reduced by trade accounts payable.
The following table presentsIn the componentsthird quarter of fiscal 2021, we implemented an at-the-market program (the ATM program) in which we sold 4,222,511 shares of our cashcommon stock at a weighted average price of $118.41 per share for total gross proceeds of approximately $500.0 million and net proceeds of approximately $489.1 million, after $10.0 million in commissions to the managers of the program and $0.9 million in other offering costs.
In the fourth quarter of fiscal 2021, we liquidated our common stock ownership interest in ENNOSTAR and received net proceeds of $66.4 million.
In the second quarter of fiscal 2022, all outstanding 2023 Notes were surrendered for conversion cycle:
 Three Months Ended  
 June 25,
2017
 June 26,
2016
 Change
Days of sales outstanding (a)37
 38
 (1)
Days of supply in inventory (b)98
 99
 (1)
Days in accounts payable (c)(46) (43) (3)
Cash conversion cycle89
 94
 (5)
a)Days of sales outstanding (DSO) measures the average collection period of our receivables. DSO is based on the ending net trade receivables and the revenue, net for the quarter then ended. DSO is calculated by dividing ending accounts receivable, net of applicable allowances and reserves, by the average net revenue per day for the respective 90 day period.
b)Days of supply in inventory (DSI) measures the average number of days from procurement to sale of our product. DSI is based on ending inventory and cost of revenue, net for the quarter then ended. DSI is calculated by dividing ending inventory by average cost of revenue, net per day for the respective 90 day period.
c)Days in accounts payable (DPO) measures the average number of days our payables remain outstanding before payment. DPO is based on ending accounts payable and cost of revenue, net for the quarter then ended. DPO is calculated by dividing ending accounts payable by the average cost of revenue, net per day for the respective 90 day period.
The decreasefollowing our issuance on December 8, 2021 of a notice to holders of the 2023 Notes calling for the redemption of all outstanding 2023 Notes, resulting in the settlement of the previously outstanding $424.8 million aggregate principal amount of 2023 Notes in approximately 7.1 million shares of our common stock.
In the third quarter of fiscal 2022, we issued and sold a total of $750.0 million aggregate principal amount of the 2028 Notes, as discussed in Note 10, “Long-term Debt,” in our consolidated financial statements included in Item 8 of this Annual Report. The total net proceeds of the 2028 Notes was $732.3 million, of which we used $108.2 million to fund the cost of entering into capped call transactions, which are expected generally to reduce the potential dilution to our common stock upon any conversion of the 2028 Notes and/or offset any potential cash payments we are required to make in excess of the principal amount of the converted 2028 Notes, as the case may be, upon conversion cycleof the 2028 Notes. We expect to use the remainder of the net proceeds for general corporate purposes. In addition, during the third quarter of 2022, we received an early payment for the Purchase Price Note resulting in receipt of the principal amount of $125.0 million along with outstanding accrued and unpaid interest as of the payment date.
We have a $125 million line of credit as discussed in Note 10, “Long-term Debt,” in our consolidated financial statements included in Item 8 of this Annual Report, all of which was primarily drivenavailable for borrowing as of June 26, 2022. The purpose of this credit facility is to provide short-term flexibility to optimize returns on our cash and investment portfolio while funding capital expenditures and other general business needs. On January 25, 2022, we entered into an amendment to the credit agreement governing the line of credit that extends the maturity date by an increase in days in accounts payablethree years to January 9, 2026 and decreases in days of sales outstanding and in days of supply in inventory.adopted secured overnight financing rate (SOFR) interest rates as the benchmark interest rate under the credit agreement.
As of June 25, 2017,26, 2022, we had unrealized losses on our short-term investments of $0.3$23.0 million. All of our short-term investments had investment grade ratings, and any such investments that were in an unrealized loss position at June 25, 201726, 2022 were in such position due to interest rate changes, sector credit rating changes, or company-specific rating changes. Aschanges or volatile market conditions related to the conflict in Ukraine and the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic. We evaluate our short-term investments for expected credit losses. We believe we are able to and we intend to hold each of the investments held with an unrealized loss as of June 26, 2022 until the investments fully recover in market value. No allowance for credit losses was recorded as of June 26, 2022.
From time to time, we evaluate strategic opportunities, including potential acquisitions, joint ventures, divestitures, spin-offs or investments in complementary businesses, and believe that we have continued to make such evaluations. For example, in March 2021 we completed the abilityLED Business Divestiture, which provided us with (i) $50 million in cash, subject to hold such investmentscustomary adjustments, (ii) a $125 million unsecured promissory note due in August 2023 (which amount plus accrued and unpaid interest was prepaid during the third quarter of 2022), and (iii) an earn-out payment of $101.8 million based on the revenue and gross profit performance of the LED Business in the first four full fiscal quarters following the closing, which is payable in the form of an unsecured promissory note due March 2025. We may also access capital markets through the issuance of debt or equity, which we may use in connection with the acquisition of complementary businesses or other significant assets or for a periodother strategic opportunities or general corporate purposes.
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Expected Uses of Liquidity
For fiscal 2023, we target approximately $550 million of net capital investment, which is primarily related to capacity and infrastructure projects to support longer-term growth and strategic priorities. We are exploring additional expansion options and will be sufficientupdate targeted net capital investment if and when those capacity expansion options are announced. This target is highly dependent on the timing and overall progress on our new Silicon Carbide fabrication facility in New York and is net of approximately $275 million of expected reimbursements from the State of New York Urban Development Corporation under the GDA during the fiscal year.
We recently opened our new Silicon Carbide device fabrication facility in Marcy, New York, to expand capacity for anticipated recovery in market value, we currentlyproduction of our Silicon Carbide devices. We expect to receiveinvest approximately $2.0 billion, an increase from our previously expected $1.0 billion, in construction, equipment and other related costs for the full principal or recovernew facility through fiscal 2024, of which approximately $500 million is expected to be reimbursed over time by the State of New York through a grant program administered by the State of New York Urban Development Corporation (doing business as Empire State Development). The increase is primarily due to capacity expansions now planned at the site as a result of increased projected demand. As of June 26, 2022, we have spent approximately $750 million and received approximately $150 million in reimbursements. Given our cost basis in these securities. The declines in valuecurrent cash position, we believe we are positioned to adequately fund the remaining construction of the securitiesfacility.
In addition to ordinary operating expenses, our estimated future obligations consist of leases, debt, and interest on long-term debt. For a description of contractual obligations, including lease and debt obligations, see Note 5, "Leases," Note 10, "Long-term Debt," and Note 15, "Commitments and Contingencies," in our portfolio are considered to be temporaryconsolidated financial statements included in nature and, accordingly, we do not believe these securities are impaired asItem 8 of June 25, 2017.

this Annual Report.
Cash Flows
In summary, our cash flows were as follows (in thousands)millions of U.S. Dollars):
 Fiscal Years Ended Year-Over-Year Change
 June 25, 2017 June 26, 2016 June 28, 2015 2016 to 2017 2015 to 2016
Cash provided by operating activities
$215,900
 
$203,316
 
$181,254
 
$12,584
 
$22,062
Cash used in investing activities(145,250) (7,903) (16,137) (137,347) 8,234
Cash (used in) provided by financing activities(104,078) (167,859) (311,353) 63,781
 143,494
Effect of foreign exchange changes(129) (1,110) (878) 981
 (232)
Net (decrease) increase in cash and cash equivalents
($33,557) 
$26,444
 
($147,114) 
($60,001) 
$173,558
The following is a discussion of our primary sources and uses of cash in our operating, investing and financing activities.
 Fiscal Years EndedYear-Over-Year Change
 June 26, 2022June 27, 2021June 28, 20202021 to 20222020 to 2021
Cash used in operating activities($154.2)($125.5)($29.0)($28.7)($96.5)
Cash used in investing activities(391.0)(448.6)(486.9)57.6 38.3 
Cash provided by financing activities615.9 504.1 464.3 111.8 39.8 
Effect of foreign exchange changes(0.2)0.2 (0.1)(0.4)0.3 
Net increase (decrease) in cash and cash equivalents$70.5 ($69.8)($51.7)$140.3 ($18.1)
Cash Flows from Operating Activities
Net cash provided byused in operating activities increased to $215.9 million in fiscal 2017 from $203.3 million in2022 compared to fiscal 2016,2021 primarily due to cash generated fromdecreased working capital partially offset byas a higher net lossresult of inventory growth and increased receivables as a result of revenue growth.
Net cash used in operating activities increased in fiscal 2017 as2021 compared to fiscal 2016. Net2020 primarily due to an increase in net loss during the period and decreased cash provided by operating activities increased to $203.3 millionof discontinued operations, as well as slightly decreased working capital.
Total cash flows from operating activities in fiscal 2016 from $181.32021 and 2020 includes ($13.0) million in fiscal 2015, primarily due to a lower net loss in fiscal 2016 as compared to fiscal 2015.and $62.6 million of cash (used in) provided by operating activities of discontinued operations.
Cash Flows from Investing Activities
Our investing activities primarily relate to transactions within our short-term investments,investment transactions, purchases of property and equipment, and payments for patentsproperty and licensing rights. Netequipment related reimbursements.
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The decrease in net cash used in investing activities was $145.3 million in fiscal 2017 compared to $7.9 million in fiscal 2016. Purchases of property, equipment and patent rights decreased by $35.1 million in fiscal 20172022 compared to fiscal 2016. Net purchases of short-term investments increased $181.1 million in fiscal 2017 compared to fiscal 2016. This year over year increase2021 was primarily due to a decrease$128.3 million increase in property and equipment related reimbursements from the State of New York Urban Development Corporation under a Grant Disbursement Agreement (the GDA) and a $81.3 million net increase in proceeds from the sale and maturities of short-term investments,LED Business Divestiture. These increases in proceeds from investing activities were partially offset by a $74.4 million increase in purchases of property and equipment and a $12.5 million decrease in net proceeds from short-term investment purchase activity. Fiscal 2016 included $12.5investments. Additionally, we received $66.4 million in net expenditures to acquire APEI.proceeds from the liquidation of our ENNOSTAR equity investment in fiscal 2021.
NetThe decrease in net cash used in investing activities was $7.9 millionin fiscal 2016 compared to $16.1 million in fiscal 2015. Purchases of property, equipment and patent rights decreased by $91.2 million in fiscal 20162021 compared to fiscal 2015. Net2020 was primarily due to an increase in net proceeds from short-term investments of $247.8 million, net proceeds from the sale of short-term investments decreased $156the LED Business of $43.7 million, in fiscal 2016 compared to fiscal 2015. This year over year decrease was primarily due to a decrease innet proceeds from the saleliquidation of our ENNOSTAR equity investment of $66.4 million and maturities$10.7 million of short-term investments,property related reimbursements under the GDA, partially offset by a decreasean increase in short-term investment purchase activity. Fiscal 2016 included $12.5 million in net expenditures to acquire APEI while fiscal 2015 included the $80.6 million investment in Lextar.property and equipment purchases of $340.6 million.
For more details on the GDA, see Note 15, "Commitments and Contingencies," in our consolidated financial statements included in Item 8 of this Annual Report.
Total cash used in investing activities in fiscal 2018, we target approximately $2202021 and 2020 includes $0.3 million and $12.4 million, respectively, of capital investment, which is primarily related to infrastructure projects to support our longer term growth and strategic priorities.cash used in investing activities of discontinued operations.
Cash Flows from Financing Activities
Net cash used in financing activities was $104.1 million in fiscal 2017 compared to net cash usedprovided by financing activities of $167.9 million in fiscal 2016. Our financing activities for fiscal 20172022 primarily consisted of repurchases$732.3 million in net proceeds from issuing the 2028 Notes and $22.4 million of proceeds from the issuance of common stock, of $104.0 million and net payments on long-term debt borrowings of $15.0 million on our line of credit, partially offset by $108.2 million in cash paid for the capped call transactions and $29.1 million in tax withholdings on vested equity awards.
Net cash provided by financing activities in fiscal 2021 primarily consisted of net proceeds of $17.7$503.5 million from issuances of common stock in connection with the ATM program in the third quarter of fiscal 2021 and issuances of common stock pursuant to the exercise of employee stock options.
Net cash provided by financing activities in fiscal 2020 primarily consisted of proceeds of $575.0 million from the issuance of the 2026 Notes and net proceeds of $59.5 million from issuances of common stock pursuant to the exercise of employee stock options, and purchases under our employee stock purchase plan, including the excess tax benefit on those exercises. Fiscal 2017 included payment of $2.8 million in acquisition-related contingent consideration related to our fiscal 2016 acquisition of APEI.
In fiscal 2016, net cash used in financing activities was $167.9 million compared to net cash providedpartially offset by financing activities of $311.4 million in fiscal 2015. Our financing activities in fiscal 2016 primarily consisted of repurchases of common stock of $149.6 million and net payments on long-term borrowingsdebt of $40.0$145.1 million, on our linethe payment of credit, partially offset by proceeds$13.6 million in debt issuance costs from the issuance of $21.7the 2026 Notes and incentive-related refundable escrow deposits of $11.5 million from net issuances of common stock pursuantrelating to the exercise of employee stock options and purchases under our employee stock purchase plan, including the excess tax benefit on those exercises.

On August 24, 2016, the Board of Directors approved our fiscal 2017 stock repurchase program, authorizing us to repurchase sharesconstruction of our common stock having an aggregate purchase price not exceeding $300 million for all purchases from August 24, 2016 through the expiration of the program on June 25, 2017.new Silicon Carbide fabrication facility in New York.
On June 14, 2017, the Board of Directors approved our fiscal 2018 stock repurchase program, authorizing us to repurchase shares of our common stock having an aggregate purchase price not exceeding $200 million for all purchases from June 26, 2017 through the expiration of the program on June 24, 2018. Since the inception of our stock repurchase program in 2001, we have repurchased 38.7 million shares of our common stock at an average price of $28.66 per share with an aggregate value of $1.1 billion. The repurchase program may be implemented through open market or privately negotiated transactions at the discretion of our management.
Fair Value
Under U.S. GAAP, fair value is defined as the price that would be received to sell an asset or paid to transfer a liability (i.e., the exit price) in an orderly transaction between market participants at the measurement date. In determining fair value, we use various valuation approaches, including quoted market prices and discounted cash flows. U.S. GAAP also establishes a hierarchy for inputs used in measuring fair value that maximizes the use of observable inputs and minimizes the use of unobservable inputs by requiring that the most observable inputs be used when available. Observable inputs are obtained from independent sources and can be validated by a third party, whereas unobservable inputs reflect assumptions regarding what a third party would use in pricing an asset or liability. The fair value hierarchy is categorized into three levels based on the reliability of inputs as follows:
Level 1 - Valuations based on quoted prices in active markets for identical instruments that we are able to access. Since valuations are based on quoted prices that are readily and regularly available in an active market, valuation of these products does not entail a significant degree of judgment.
Level 2 - Valuations based on quoted prices in active markets for instruments that are similar, or quoted prices in markets that are not active for identical or similar instruments, and model-derived valuations in which all significant inputs and significant value drivers are observable in active markets.
Level 3 - Valuations based on inputs that are unobservable and significant to the overall fair value measurement.
The financial assets for which we perform recurring fair value remeasurements are cash equivalents and short-term investments. As of June 25, 2017, financial assets utilizing Level 1 inputs included money market funds. Financial assets utilizing Level 2 inputs included municipal bonds, corporate bonds, non-U.S. certificates of deposit, commercial paper, and common stock of non-U.S. corporations. Level 2 assets are valued using a third-party pricing service's consensus price which is a weighted average price based on multiple sources. These sources determine prices utilizing market income models which factor in, where applicable, transactions of similar assets in active markets, transactions of identical assets in infrequent markets, interest rates, bond or credit default swap spreads and volatility. We do not have any financial assets requiring the use of Level 3 inputs. Please refer to Note 6, “Fair Value of Financial Instruments,” to the consolidated financial statements included in Item 8 of this Annual Report for further information.
Financial and Market Risks
We are exposed to financial and market risks, including changes in interest rates, currency exchange rates and commodities risk. We have entered, and may in the future enter, into foreign currency derivative financial instruments in an effort to manage or hedge some of our foreign exchange rate risk. We may not be able to engage in hedging transactions in the future, and even if we do, foreign currency fluctuations may still have a material adverse effect on our results of operations and financial performance. All of the potential changes noted below are based on sensitivity analysis performed on our financial positions at June 25, 2017 and June 26, 2016.2022 and June 27, 2021. Actual results may differ materially.
Interest RatesRate Risk
We maintain an investment portfolio principally composed of money market funds, municipal bonds, corporate bonds, U.S. agency securities, U.S. treasury securities, commercial paper, and certificates of deposit.deposit, and variable rate demand notes. In order to minimize risk, our cash management policy permits us to acquire investments rated “A” grade or better. As of June 25, 201726, 2022 and June 26, 2016,27, 2021, our cash equivalents and short-term investments had a fair value of $482.1$993.6 million and $439.9$979.8 million, respectively. If interest rates were to hypothetically increase by 100 basis points, the fair value of our cash equivalents and short-term investments would decrease by $8.8 million at June 25, 2017 and $9.6$9.9 million at June 26, 2016. We do not believe that2022 and $9.8 million at June 27, 2021.
Additionally, as part of the completed LED Business Divestiture, we hold a 10% change$101.8 million unsecured promissory note due in March 2025, which was received as an earnout payment. The promissory note bears interest at the London Interbank Offered Rate (LIBOR) plus 3%. A hypothetical increase in interest rates by 100 basis points would have a significantresult in an immaterial impact on our financial position, resultsto interest income as of operations or cash flows.

June 26, 2022.
As of June 25, 2017,26, 2022, we maintainedmaintain a secured revolving line of credit under which we can borrow, repay and reborrow loans from time to time prior to its scheduled maturity date of January 9, 2020. At2026. As of June 25, 201726, 2022 and June 26, 2016, we had $145 million and $160 million27, 2021, no balances were outstanding respectively, under the line of credit. If interest rates were to increase by 100 basis points, the annual interest incurred under our line
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Table of credit would have increased by $1.5 million at June 25, 2017 and $1.6 million at June 26, 2016.Contents
Currency Exchange RatesRate and Price Risk
BecauseAll of our operations have a functional currency of the U.S. Dollar. However, we operate internationally and have transactions denominated in foreign currencies, including the Chinese Yuan and Euro, among others,therefore we are exposed to currency exchange rate risks. As a result, fluctuationsFluctuations in exchange rates may adversely affect our expenses and results of operations as well as the value of our assets and liabilities. Our primary exposures relate to the exchange rates between (1) the U.S. Dollar and the Chinese Yuan and (2) the U.S. Dollar and the Taiwanese Dollar. A hypothetical 10% increase in the value of the U.S. Dollar compared to the Chinese Yuan would result in a potential gain of approximately $0.4 million at June 25, 2017 and a potential loss of $1.0 million at June 26, 2016. The potential loss in fair value resulting from a hypothetical 10% increase in the value of the U.S. Dollar compared to the Taiwanese Dollar was approximately $5.0 million at June 25, 2017 and $4.2 million at June 26, 2016.
Commodities
We utilize significant amounts of precious metals, gases and other commodities in our manufacturing processes. General economic conditions, market specific changes or other factors outside of our control may affect the pricing of these commodities. We do not use financial instruments to hedge commodity prices.
Off-Balance Sheet Arrangements
We do not use off-balance sheet arrangements with unconsolidated entities or related parties, nor do we use any other forms of off-balance sheet arrangements. Accordingly, our liquidity and capital resources are not subject to off-balance sheet risks from unconsolidated entities. As of June 25, 2017,26, 2022, we did not have any off-balance sheet arrangements, as defined in Item 303(a)(4)(ii)303(b) of SEC Regulation S-K.
We have entered into operating leases primarily for certain of our U.S. and international facilities in the normal course of business. Future minimum lease payments under our operating leases as of June 25, 2017 are detailed above in “Liquidity and Capital Resources” in the section entitled “Contractual Obligations.”
Critical Accounting Policies and Estimates
Our consolidated financial statements are prepared in accordance with U.S. GAAP. In the application of U.S. GAAP, we are required to make estimates that affect the reported amounts of assets, liabilities, revenue and expenses, and related disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities in our consolidated financial statements. Changes in the accounting estimates from period to period are reasonably likely to occur. Accordingly, actual results could differ significantly from the estimates made by management. To the extent that there are material differences between these estimates and actual results, our future financial statement presentation of our financial condition or results of operations may be affected.
We evaluate our estimates on an ongoing basis, including those related to revenue recognition, product warranty obligations, valuation of inventories, tax related contingencies, valuation of stock-based compensation, valuation of long-lived and intangible assets, other contingencies and litigation, among others. We base our estimates on historical experience and on various other assumptions, including expected trends that are believed to be reasonable under the circumstances, the results of which form the basis for making judgments about the carrying values of assets and liabilities that are not readily apparent from other sources.
Our significant accounting policies and a description of recent accounting pronouncements are discussed in Note 2, “Basis of Presentation and Summary of Significant Accounting Policies,” to theour consolidated financial statements included in Item 8 of this Annual Report. We believe that the following are our most critical accounting policies and estimates, each of which is critical to the portrayal of our financial condition and results of operations and requires our most difficult, subjective and complex judgments. Our management has reviewed our critical accounting policiesestimates and the related disclosures with the Audit Committee of our Board of Directors.
Revenue Recognition
We recognize product revenue when the earnings process is complete, as evidenced by persuasive evidence of an arrangement (typically in the form of a purchase order), when the sales price is fixed or determinable, collection of revenue is reasonably assured, and title and risk of loss have passed to the customer.

We provide our customers with limited rights of return for non-conforming shipments and product warranty claims. We estimate an allowance for anticipated sales returns based upon an analysis of historical sales returns and other relevant data. We recognize an allowance for non-conforming returns at the time of sale as a reduction of product revenue and as a reduction to the related accounts receivable balance. We recognize a liability for product warranty claims at the time of sale as an increase to cost of revenue.
For the year ended June 25, 2017, 56%26, 2022, approximately a third of our revenue was from sales to distributors. Distributors stock inventory and sell our products to their own customer base, which may include: value added resellers; manufacturers who incorporate our products into their own manufactured goods; or ultimate end users of our products. We recognize revenue upon shipment of our products to our distributors. This arrangement is often referred to as a “sell-in” or “point-of-purchase” model as opposed to a “sell-through” or “point-of-sale” model, where revenue is deferred and not recognized until the distributor sells the product through to their customer.
Our distributors may be provided limited rights that allow them to return a portion of inventory (product exchange rights or stock rotation rights) and receive credits for changes in selling prices (price protection rights) or customer pricing arrangements under our “ship and debit” program or other targeted sales incentives. When determining our net revenue, we make significant judgments and estimates corresponding with product shipments. We recognize a reserve for estimated future returns, changes in selling prices, and other targeted sales incentives when product ships. We also recognize an asset for the estimated value of product returns that we believe will be returned to inventory in the future and resold, and these estimates are based upon historical data, current economic trends, distributor inventory levels and other related factors. Our financial condition and operating results are dependent upon our ability to make reliable estimates. Actual results may vary and could have a significant impact on our operating results.
From time to time, we will issue a new price book for our products, and provide a credit to certain distributors for inventory quantities on hand if required by our agreement with the distributor. This practice is known as price protection. These credits are applied against the reserve that we establish upon initial shipment
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Under the ship and debit program, products are sold to distributors at negotiated prices and the distributors are required to pay for the products purchased within our standard commercial terms. Subsequent to the initial product purchase, a distributor may request a price allowance for a particular part number(s) for certain target customers, prior to the distributor reselling thethat particular part to thatthe customer. If we approve an allowance and the distributor resells the product to the target customer, we credit the distributor according to the allowance we approved. These credits are applied against a reserve we establish upon initial shipment of product to the distributor.
In addition, we run sales incentive programs with certain distributors and retailers, such as product rebates and cooperative advertising campaigns. We recognize these incentives at the time they are offered to customers and record a credit to their account with an offsetting expense as either a reduction to revenue, increase to cost of revenue, or marketing expense depending on the type of sales incentive.
Warranties
Product warranties are estimated and recognized at the time we recognize revenue. The warranty periods range from 90 days to 10 years. We estimate these warranty liabilities at the time of sale, based on historical and projected incident rates and expected future warranty costs. We estimate costs related to product recalls based on a formal campaign soliciting repair or return of that product when they are deemed probable and reasonably estimable. We evaluate our warranty reserves on a quarterly basis based on various factors including historical warranty claims, assumptions about the frequency of warranty claims, and assumptions about the frequency of product failures derived from quality testing, field monitoring and our reliability estimates. Actual product failure rates that materially differ from our estimates could have a significant impact on our operating results.

Inventories
Inventories are stated at the lower of cost or market, with cost determined on a first-in, first-out (FIFO) method or an average cost method; and with market not to exceed net realizable value. We write-down our inventories for estimated obsolescence equal to the difference between the cost of the inventory and its estimated market value based upon an aging analysis of the inventory on hand, specifically known inventory-related risks (such as technological obsolescence), and assumptions about future demand. We also analyze sales levels by product type, including historical and estimated future customer demand for those products to determine if any additional reserves are appropriate. For example, we adjust for items that are considered obsolete based upon changes in customer demand, manufacturing process changes or new product introductions that may eliminate demand for the product. In addition, our international sales and purchases are subject to numerous United States and foreign laws and regulations which may limit or restrict our sales and shipments to foreign customers. Any adjustment to our inventories as a result of an estimated obsolescence or net realizable condition is reflected as a component of our cost of revenue. At the point of the loss recognition, a new, lower-cost basis for that inventory is established, and any subsequent improvements in facts and circumstances do not result in the restoration or increase in that newly established lower-cost basis.
In order to determine what costs can be included in the valuation of inventories, we determine normal capacity for our manufacturing facilities based on historical patterns. If our estimates regarding customer demand are inaccurate, or market conditions or technology change in ways that are less favorable than those projected by management, we may be required to take excess capacity charges in accordance with U.S. GAAP, which could have an adverse effect on our operating results.
Deferred Tax Asset Valuation Allowances
In accordance with Financial Accounting Standards Board (FASB) Accounting Standards Codification (ASC) 740, “Income Taxes” (ASC 740), we evaluate all available evidence, both positive and negative, to determine whether, based on the weight of that evidence, a deferred tax asset is more likely than not to be realized. In assessing the adequacy of a recognized valuation allowance, we consider all available positive and negative evidence to estimate if sufficient future taxable income of the right character will be generated to utilize the existing deferred tax assets by jurisdiction. This consideration includes a variety of factors such as historical and projected future taxable income and prudent and feasible tax planning strategies. When we establish or increase a valuation allowance, our income tax expense increases in the period such determination is made. If we decrease a valuation allowance, our income tax expense decreases in the period such a determination is made.
Tax Contingencies
We are subject to periodic audits of our income tax returns by federal, state, local and foreign agencies. These audits typically include questions regarding our tax filing positions, including the timing and amount of deductions and the allocation of income among various tax jurisdictions. In accordance with Financial Accounting Standards Board (FASB) Accounting Standards Codification TopicASC 740, “Income Taxes” (ASC 740), we regularly evaluate the exposures associated with our various tax filing positions. ASC 740 states that a tax benefit should not be recognized for financial statement purposes for an uncertain tax filing position where it is not more likely than not (likelihood of greater than 50%) forof being sustained by the taxing authorities based on the technical merits of the position.
In accordance with the provisions of ASC 740, we have establishedestablish unrecognized tax benefits (as a reduction to the deferred tax asset or as an increase to other liabilities) to reduce some or all of the tax benefit of any of our tax positions at thesuch time that we determine that the positionsposition has become uncertain based upon one of the following: the tax position is not “more likely than not” to be sustained; the tax position is “more likely than not” to be sustained, but for a lesser amount; or the tax position is “more likely than not” to be sustained, but not in the financial period in which the tax position was originally taken. For purposes of evaluating whether or not a tax position is uncertain, we presume the tax position will be examined by the relevant taxing authority that has full knowledge of all relevant information; the technical merits of a tax position are derived from authorities such as legislation and statutes, legislative intent, regulations, rulings and case law and their applicability to the facts and circumstances of the tax position; and each tax position is evaluated without consideration of the possibility of offset or aggregation with other tax positions taken. We adjust these unrecognized tax benefits, including any impact on the related interest and penalties, in light of changing facts and circumstances, such as the progress of a tax audit.
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A number of years may elapse before a particular matter for which we have established an unrecognized tax benefit is audited and fully resolved. To the extent we prevail in matters for which we have established an unrecognized benefit or are required to pay amounts in excess of what we have recognized, our effective tax rate in a given financial statement period could be materially affected. An unfavorable tax settlement might require use of our cash, existing deferred tax assets, and/or result in an increase in our effective tax rate in the year of resolution. A favorable tax settlement would be recognized as a reduction in our effective tax rate in the year of resolution.

Stock-Based Compensation
We account for awards of stock-based compensation under our employee stock-based compensation plans using the fair value method. Accordingly, we estimate the grant date fair value of our stock-based awards and amortize this fair value to compensation expense over the requisite service period or vesting term. We currently use the Black-Scholes option-pricing model to estimate the fair value of our stock option and Employee Stock Purchase Plan (ESPP) awards. The grant date fair value of performance stock units that vest upon meeting certain market conditions is estimated using the Monte Carlo valuation model. The determination of the fair value of stock-based awards on the date of grant using an option-pricing model is affected by our then current stock price as well as assumptions regarding a number of complex and subjective variables. These variables include the expected stock price volatility over the term of the awards, actual and projected employee stock option exercise behaviors, the risk-free interest rate and expected dividends.
Due to the inherent limitations of option-valuation models, future events that are unpredictable and the estimation process utilized in determining the valuation of the stock-based awards, the ultimate value realized by award holders may vary significantly from the amounts expensed in our financial statements. For restricted stock and stock unit awards, grant date fair value is based upon the market price of our common stock on the date of the grant. This fair value is then amortized to compensation expense over the requisite service period or vesting term. As of June 26, 2022, we have $82.3 million of unrecognized compensation cost related to nonvested awards, which is expected to be recognized over a weighted average period of 1.85 years.
We estimate expected forfeitures at the time of grant and revise this estimate, if necessary, in subsequent periods if actual forfeitures differ from initial estimates. Our determination of an estimated forfeiture rate is primarily based upon a review of historical experience but may also include consideration of other facts and circumstances we believe are indicative of future activity. The assessment of an estimated forfeiture rate will not alter the total compensation expense to be recognized, only the timing of this recognition as compensation expense is adjusted to reflect instruments that actually vest.
If actual results are not consistent with our assumptions and judgments used in estimating key assumptions, we may be required to adjust compensation expense, which could be material to our results of operations.
Long-Lived Assets
We evaluate long-lived assets such as property, equipment and finite-lived intangible assets, such as patents, for impairment whenever events or circumstances indicate that the carrying value of the assets recognized in our financial statements may not be recoverable. Factors that we consider include whether there has been a significant decrease in the market value of an asset, a significant change in the way an asset is being used, or a significant change, delay or departure in our strategy for that asset. Our assessment of the recoverability of long-lived assets involves significant judgment and estimation. These assessments reflect our assumptions, which, we believe, are consistent with the assumptions hypothetical marketplace participants use. Factors that we must estimate when performing recoverability and impairment tests include, among others, the economic life of the asset, sales volumes, prices, cost of capital, tax rates, and capital spending. These factors are often interdependent and therefore do not change in isolation. If impairment is indicated, we first determine if the total estimated future cash flows on an undiscounted basis are less than the carrying amounts of the asset or assets. If so, an impairment loss is measured and recognized.
After an impairment loss is recognized, a new, lower cost basis for that long-lived asset is established. Subsequent changes in facts and circumstances do not result in the reversal of a previously recognized impairment loss.
Our impairment loss calculations require that we apply judgment in estimating future cash flows and asset fair values, including estimating useful lives of the assets. To make these judgments, we may use internal discounted cash flow estimates, quoted market prices when available and independent appraisals as appropriate to determine fair value.
If actual results are not consistent with our assumptions and judgments used in estimating future cash flows and asset fair values, we may be required to recognize additional impairment losses which could be material to our results of operations. For example, we recognized an impairment to assets held for sale associated with the LED Business Divestiture of $19.5 million during the second fiscal quarter of 2021.
After an impairment loss is recognized, a new, lower cost basis for that long-lived asset is established. Subsequent changes in facts and circumstances do not result in the reversal of a previously recognized impairment loss.
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Goodwill
We test goodwill for impairment at least annually as of the first day of the fiscal fourth quarter, or when indications of potential impairment exist. We monitor for the existence of potential impairment indicators throughout the fiscal year. We conduct impairment testing for goodwill at the reporting unit level. Reporting units, as defined by FASB Accounting Standards Codification TopicASC 350, “Intangibles - Goodwill and Other” (ASC 350),Other,” may be operating segments as a whole or an operation one level below an operating segment, referred to as a component. We have determined that our reporting units are our threewe operate as one operating and reportable segments.

ment.
We may initiate goodwill impairment testing by considering qualitative factors to determine whether it is more likely than not that a reporting unit’s carrying value is greater than its fair value. Such factors may include the following, among others: a significant decline in the reporting unit’s expected future cash flows; a sustained, significant decline in our stock price and market capitalization; a significant adverse change in legal factors or in the business climate, unanticipated competition; and slower growth rates; as well as changes in management, key personnel, strategy, and customers. If our qualitative assessment indicates that goodwill impairment is more likely than not, we performdetermine the two-step impairment test. Alternatively, we may bypassamount by which the qualitative test and initiate goodwill impairment testing withreporting unit's carrying value exceeds its fair value, not to exceed the first stepcarrying amount of the two-step goodwill impairment test.goodwill.
During the first step of the goodwill impairment test, weWe compare the fair value of the reporting unit to its carrying value, including goodwill. We derive a reporting units fair value through a combination of the market approach (a guideline transaction method) and the income approach (a discounted cash flow analysis). The market and income approach utilizes aapproaches require significant judgment, including estimation of future revenues, gross margins, and operating expenses, which are dependent on internal forecasts, current and anticipated economic conditions and trends, selection of market multiples through assessment of the reporting unit’s performance relative to peer competitors, the estimation of the long-term revenue growth rate and discount rate from the capital asset pricing model. If all reporting units are analyzed duringmodel and the first stepdetermination of our weighted average cost of capital. Changes in these estimates and assumptions could materially affect the fair value of the goodwill reporting unit, potentially resulting in a non-cash impairment test, their respectivecharge. The fair values are reconciled back to our consolidated market capitalization.
If the fair value of a reporting unit exceeds its carrying value, then we conclude that no goodwill impairment has occurred. If the carrying value of the reporting unit exceeds itsthe fair value, we perform the second step of the goodwill impairment test to measure possible goodwill impairment loss. During the second step, we hypothetically value the reporting units tangible and intangible assets and liabilities as if the reporting unit had been acquired in a business combination. Then, the implied fair value of the reporting units goodwill is compared to the carrying value of its goodwill. If the carrying value of the reporting units goodwill exceeds the implied fair value of the goodwill, we recognize an impairment loss in an amount equal to the excess, not to exceed the carrying value of the reporting units goodwill. Once an impairment loss is recognized, the adjusted carrying value of the goodwill becomes the new accounting basis of the goodwill for the reporting unit.
Indefinite-Lived Intangible Assets
We test indefinite-lived intangible assets for impairment at least annually in the fiscal fourth quarter, or when indications of potential impairment exist. We monitor for the existence of potential impairment indicators throughout the fiscal year. Our impairment test may begin with a qualitative test to determine whether it is more likely than not that an indefinite-lived intangible assets carrying value is greater than its fair value. In performing this test, we may consider the following qualitative factors, among others: a significant decline in expected future cash flows; changes in industry and market conditions such as the deterioration in the environment in which we operate or an increased competitive environment; changes in management, key personnel, strategy, or customers; as well as other economic factors. If our qualitative assessment indicates that asset impairment is more likely than not, we perform a quantitative impairment test by comparing the fair value of the indefinite-lived intangible asset to its carrying value. Alternatively, we may bypass the qualitative test and initiate impairment testing with the quantitative impairment test.
Determining the fair value of indefinite-lived intangible assets entails significant estimates and assumptions including, but not limited to, determining the timing and expected costs to complete development projects, estimating future cash flows from product revenue, developing appropriate discount rates, estimating probability rates for the successful completion of development projects, continuation of customer relationships and renewal of customer contracts, and approximating the useful lives of the intangible assets acquired.
If the fair value of the indefinite-lived intangible asset exceeds its carrying value, we conclude that no impairment has occurred. If the carrying value of the indefinite-lived intangible asset exceeds its fair value, we recognize an impairment loss in an amount equal to the excess, not to exceed the carrying value. Once an impairment loss is recognized, the adjusted carrying value becomes the new accounting basis of the indefinite-lived intangible asset.
Contingent Liabilities
We provide for contingent liabilities in accordance with U.S. GAAP, under which a loss contingency is charged to income when (1) it is probable that an asset has been impaired or a liability has been incurred at the date of the financial statements, and (2) the amount of the loss can be reasonably estimated.

Periodically, we review the status of each significant matter to assess the potential financial exposure. If a potential loss is considered probable and the amount can be reasonably estimated, we reflect the estimated loss in our results of operations. Significant judgment is required to determine the probability that a liability has been incurred or an asset impaired and whether such loss is reasonably estimable. Because of uncertainties related to these matters, accruals are based on the best information available at the time. Further, estimates of this nature are highly subjective, and the final outcome of these matters could vary significantly from the amounts that may have been included in the accompanying consolidated financial statements. In determining the probability of an unfavorable outcome of a particular contingent liability and whether such liability is reasonably estimable, we consider the individual facts and circumstances related to the liability, opinions of legal counsel and recent legal rulings by the appropriate regulatory bodies, among other factors. As additional information becomes available, we reassess the potential liability related to our pending and threatened claims and litigation and may revise our estimates accordingly. Such revisions in the estimates of the potential liabilities could have a material impact on our results of operations and financial position. See also a discussion of specific contingencies in Note 13, “Commitments and Contingencies,” to our consolidated financial statements in Item 8 of this Annual Report.
Recent Accounting Pronouncements
See Note 2, “Basis of Presentation and Summary of Significant Accounting Policies,” to our consolidated financial statements in Item 8 of this Annual Report for a description of recent accounting pronouncements, including the expected dates of adoption and estimated effects, if any, on our consolidated financial statements.
Item 7A.Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk
See the section entitled “Financial and Market Risks” included in Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations in Item 7 of this Annual Report.

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Item 8.Financial Statements and Supplementary Data
Index to Consolidated Financial Statements
Page



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Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm

To theBoard of Directors and Shareholders of Cree,Wolfspeed, Inc.
In our opinion,
Opinions on the Financial Statements and Internal Control over Financial Reporting

We have audited the accompanying consolidated balance sheets of Wolfspeed, Inc. and its subsidiaries (the “Company”) as of June 26, 2022 and June 27, 2021, and the related consolidated statements of loss,operations, of comprehensive loss, cash flowsof shareholders' equity and shareholders’ equity present fairly, in all material respects, the financial position of Cree, Inc. and its subsidiaries at June 25, 2017and June 26, 2016, and the results of their operations and their cash flows for each of the three years in the period endedJune 25, 201726, 2022, including the related notes (collectively referred to as the “consolidated financial statements”). We also have audited the Company's internal control over financial reporting as of June 26, 2022, based on criteria established in Internal Control - Integrated Framework (2013) issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission (COSO).

In our opinion, the consolidated financial statements referred to above present fairly, in all material respects, the financial position of the Company as of June 26, 2022 and June 27, 2021, and the results of its operations and its cash flows for each of the three years in the period ended June 26, 2022 in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America. Also in our opinion, the Company maintained, in all material respects, effective internal control over financial reporting as of June 25, 2017,26, 2022, based on criteria established in Internal Control - Integrated Framework 2013 (2013) issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations ofCOSO.

Changes in Accounting Principles

As discussed in Note 2 to the Treadway Commission (COSO). consolidated financial statements, the Company changed the manner in which it accounts for leases on July 1, 2019.

Basis for Opinions

The Company's management is responsible for these consolidated financial statements, for maintaining effective internal control over financial reporting, and for its assessment of the effectiveness of internal control over financial reporting, appearing under Item 9A,included in Management’s Report on Internal Control over Financial Reporting.Reporting appearing under Item 9A. Our responsibility is to express opinions on thesethe Company’s consolidated financial statements and on the Company's internal control over financial reporting based on our integrated audits. We are a public accounting firm registered with the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States) (PCAOB) and are required to be independent with respect to the Company in accordance with the U.S. federal securities laws and the applicable rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission and the PCAOB.

We conducted our audits in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States).PCAOB. Those standards require that we plan and perform the audits to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the consolidated financial statements are free of material misstatement, whether due to error or fraud, and whether effective internal control over financial reporting was maintained in all material respects.

Our audits of the consolidated financial statements included performing procedures to assess the risks of material misstatement of the consolidated financial statements, whether due to error or fraud, and performing procedures that respond to those risks. Such procedures included examining, on a test basis, evidence supportingregarding the amounts and disclosures in the consolidated financial statements, assessingstatements. Our audits also included evaluating the accounting principles used and significant estimates made by management, andas well as evaluating the overall presentation of the consolidated financial statement presentation.statements. Our audit of internal control over financial reporting included obtaining an understanding of internal control over financial reporting, assessing the risk that a material weakness exists, and testing and evaluating the design and operating effectiveness of internal control based on the assessed risk. Our audits also included performing such other procedures as we considered necessary in the circumstances. We believe that our audits provide a reasonable basis for our opinions.

Definition and Limitations of Internal Control over Financial Reporting

A company’s internal control over financial reporting is a process designed to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles. A company’s internal control over financial reporting includes those policies and procedures that (i) pertain to the maintenance of records that, in reasonable detail, accurately and fairly reflect the transactions and dispositions of the assets of the company; (ii) provide reasonable assurance that transactions are recorded as necessary to permit preparation of financial statements in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles, and that receipts and expenditures of the company are being made only in accordance with authorizations of management and directors of the
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company; and (iii) provide reasonable assurance regarding prevention or timely detection of unauthorized acquisition, use, or disposition of the company’s assets that could have a material effect on the financial statements.

Because of its inherent limitations, internal control over financial reporting may not prevent or detect misstatements. Also, projections of any evaluation of effectiveness to future periods are subject to the risk that controls may become inadequate because of changes in conditions, or that the degree of compliance with the policies or procedures may deteriorate.

Critical Audit Matters

The critical audit matter communicated below is a matter arising from the current period audit of the consolidated financial statements that was communicated or required to be communicated to the audit committee and that (i) relates to accounts or disclosures that are material to the consolidated financial statements and (ii) involved our especially challenging, subjective, or complex judgments. The communication of critical audit matters does not alter in any way our opinion on the consolidated financial statements, taken as a whole, and we are not, by communicating the critical audit matter below, providing a separate opinion on the critical audit matter or on the accounts or disclosures to which it relates.

Reserves for distributor programs - Ship and debit

As described in Note 2 to the consolidated financial statements, products are sold to distributors at negotiated prices and the distributors are required to pay for the products purchased within the Company’s standard commercial terms. Certain distributors may be provided customer pricing arrangements under the Company’s “ship and debit” program. Distributor sales account for approximately a third of total net revenue of $746.2 million for the year ended June 26, 2022 and the associated reserves for ship and debit program to distributors make up a portion of the accrued contract liabilities account balance of $35.9 million. Under the Company’s ship and debit program, subsequent to the initial product purchase, a distributor may request a price allowance for a particular part number(s) for certain target customers, prior to the distributor reselling the particular part to that customer. If the Company approves an allowance and the distributor resells the product to the target customer, the Company credits the distributor according to the allowance the Company approved. The credits associated with this program are applied against the reserve the Company establishes upon initial shipment of product to the distributor. Upon shipment, management uses significant judgment in establishing reserves for ship and debit, which includes developing assumptions related to changes in selling prices.

The principal considerations for our determination that performing procedures relating to ship and debit reserves for distributor programs is a critical audit matter are the significant judgment by management in estimating the reserves for ship and debit, which in turn led to a high degree of auditor judgment, subjectivity and effort in performing procedures and evaluating audit evidence relating to management’s assumption related to changes in selling prices.

Addressing the matter involved performing procedures and evaluating audit evidence in connection with forming our overall opinion on the consolidated financial statements. These procedures included testing the effectiveness of controls relating to the valuation of ship and debit reserve. These procedures also included, among others, (1) testing management’s process for determining the estimate for ship and debit reserve, (2) evaluating the appropriateness of management’s methodology to calculate the ship and debit reserve, (3) evaluating the reasonableness of management’s significant assumption related to changes in selling prices, which included the evaluation of management’s ability to estimate the changes in selling prices in comparison to historical selling prices, (4) testing the completeness and accuracy of data inputs to the ship and debit reserve calculation, and (5) evaluating the reasonableness of management’s prior period estimates for ship and debit reserve to actual credits granted during the current period by performing a retrospective comparison subsequent to year-end.

/s/PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP
Raleigh, North Carolina
August 23, 201722, 2022



We have served as the Company’s auditor since 2013.

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WOLFSPEED, INC.
CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS
June 26, 2022June 27, 2021
in millions of U.S. Dollars, except share data in thousands
Assets
Current assets:
Cash and cash equivalents$449.5 $379.0 
Short-term investments749.3 775.6 
Total cash, cash equivalents and short-term investments1,198.8 1,154.6 
Accounts receivable, net150.2 95.9 
Inventories227.0 166.6 
Income taxes receivable1.3 6.4 
Prepaid expenses32.1 25.7 
Other current assets151.4 27.9 
Current assets held for sale1.6 1.6 
Total current assets1,762.4 1,478.7 
Property and equipment, net1,481.1 1,292.3 
Goodwill359.2 359.2 
Intangible assets, net125.4 140.5 
Long-term receivables104.7 138.4 
Deferred tax assets1.0 1.0 
Other assets83.7 35.5 
Long-term assets of discontinued operations— 1.2 
Total assets$3,917.5 $3,446.8 
Liabilities and Shareholders' Equity
Current liabilities:
Accounts payable and accrued expenses$307.7 $381.1 
Accrued contract liabilities37.0 22.9 
Income taxes payable11.6 0.4 
Finance lease liabilities0.5 5.2 
Other current liabilities31.7 38.6 
Current liabilities of discontinued operations— 0.6 
Total current liabilities388.5 448.8 
Long-term liabilities:
Convertible notes, net1,021.6 823.9 
Deferred tax liabilities3.2 2.5 
Finance lease liabilities - long-term9.6 10.0 
Other long-term liabilities55.3 44.5 
Long-term liabilities of discontinued operations— 0.6 
Total long-term liabilities1,089.7 881.5 
Commitments and contingencies00
Shareholders’ equity:
Preferred stock, par value $0.01; 3,000 shares authorized at June 26, 2022 and June 27, 2021; none issued and outstanding— — 
Common stock, par value $0.00125; 200,000 shares authorized at June 26, 2022 and June 27, 2021; 123,795 and 115,691 shares issued and outstanding at June 26, 2022 and June 27, 2021, respectively0.2 0.1 
Additional paid-in-capital4,228.4 3,676.8 
Accumulated other comprehensive (loss) income(25.3)2.7 
Accumulated deficit(1,764.0)(1,563.1)
Total shareholders’ equity2,439.3 2,116.5 
Total liabilities and shareholders’ equity$3,917.5 $3,446.8 
The accompanying notes are an integral part of the consolidated financial statements
47

Table of Contents
WOLFSPEED, INC.
CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETSSTATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS
 Fiscal Years Ended
 June 26, 2022June 27, 2021June 28, 2020
in millions of U.S. Dollars, except share data
Revenue, net$746.2 $525.6 $470.7 
Cost of revenue, net496.9 361.0 312.2 
Gross profit249.3 164.6 158.5 
Operating expenses:
Research and development196.4 177.8 152.0 
Sales, general and administrative203.5 181.6 181.7 
Amortization or impairment of acquisition-related intangibles13.6 14.5 14.5 
Abandonment of long-lived assets— 73.9 — 
(Gain) loss on disposal or impairment of other assets(0.3)1.6 1.5 
Other operating expense83.9 29.1 32.9 
Operating loss(247.8)(313.9)(224.1)
Non-operating expense (income), net38.3 26.3 (18.5)
Loss before income taxes(286.1)(340.2)(205.6)
Income tax expense (benefit)9.0 1.1 (8.0)
Net loss from continuing operations(295.1)(341.3)(197.6)
Net income (loss) from discontinued operations94.2 (181.2)7.0 
Net loss(200.9)(522.5)(190.6)
Net income from discontinued operations attributable to noncontrolling interest— 1.4 1.1 
Net loss attributable to controlling interest($200.9)($523.9)($191.7)
Basic and diluted loss per share
Continuing operations($2.46)($3.04)($1.83)
Net loss attributable to controlling interest($1.67)($4.66)($1.78)
Weighted average shares - basic and diluted (in thousands)120,120 112,346 107,935 
The accompanying notes are an integral part of the consolidated financial statements
48
 June 25,
2017
 June 26,
2016
 (In thousands, except par value)
ASSETS   
Current assets:   
Cash and cash equivalents
$132,597
 
$166,154
Short-term investments478,341
 439,151
Total cash, cash equivalents and short-term investments610,938
 605,305
Accounts receivable, net148,392
 165,611
Income tax receivable8,040
 6,304
Inventories284,385
 303,542
Prepaid expenses23,305
 26,810
Other current assets23,390
 44,788
Current assets held for sale2,180
 4,347
Total current assets1,100,630
 1,156,707
Property and equipment, net581,263
 599,723
Goodwill618,828
 618,828
Intangible assets, net274,315
 302,810
Other long-term investments50,366
 40,179
Deferred income taxes11,763
 38,564
Other assets12,702
 9,249
Total assets
$2,649,867
 
$2,766,060
LIABILITIES AND SHAREHOLDERS’ EQUITY   
Current liabilities:
 
Accounts payable, trade
$133,185
 
$132,286
Accrued salaries and wages41,860
 44,642
Other current liabilities36,978
 46,071
Total current liabilities212,023
 222,999
Long-term liabilities:   
Long-term debt145,000
 160,000
Deferred income taxes49,860
 943
Other long-term liabilities20,179
 14,294
Total long-term liabilities215,039
 175,237
Commitments and contingencies (Note 13)
 
Shareholders’ equity:   
Preferred stock, par value $0.01; 3,000 shares authorized at June 25, 2017 and June 26, 2016; none issued and outstanding
 
Common stock, par value $0.00125; 200,000 shares authorized at June 25, 2017 and June 26, 2016; 97,674 and 100,829 shares issued and outstanding at June 25, 2017 and June 26, 2016, respectively121
 125
Additional paid-in-capital2,419,517
 2,359,584
Accumulated other comprehensive income, net of taxes5,909
 8,728
Accumulated deficit(202,742) (613)
Total shareholders’ equity2,222,805
 2,367,824
Total liabilities and shareholders’ equity
$2,649,867
 
$2,766,060

Table of Contents
WOLFSPEED, INC.
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF COMPREHENSIVE LOSS
 Fiscal Years Ended
 June 26, 2022June 27, 2021June 28, 2020
in millions of U.S. Dollars
Net loss($200.9)($522.5)($190.6)
Other comprehensive income (loss):
Reclassification of currency translation gain to loss on sale of discontinued operations— (9.5)— 
Net unrealized (loss) gain on available-for-sale securities(28.0)(3.8)6.5 
Comprehensive loss(228.9)(535.8)(184.1)
Net income from discontinued operations attributable to noncontrolling interest— 1.4 1.1 
Comprehensive loss attributable to controlling interest($228.9)($537.2)($185.2)
The accompanying notes are an integral part of the consolidated financial statements
49

Table of Contents
WOLFSPEED, INC.
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS
 Fiscal Years Ended
in millions of U.S. DollarsJune 26, 2022June 27, 2021June 28, 2020
Operating activities:
Net loss($200.9)($522.5)($190.6)
Net income (loss) from discontinued operations94.2 (181.2)7.0 
Net loss from continuing operations(295.1)(341.3)(197.6)
Adjustments to reconcile net loss from continuing operations to cash used in operating activities:
Depreciation and amortization129.8 120.9 97.1 
Amortization of debt issuance costs and discount, net of non-cash capitalized interest20.1 32.8 26.2 
Loss (gain) on extinguishment of debt24.8 — (11.0)
Stock-based compensation60.9 53.2 47.2 
Abandonment of long-lived assets— 73.9 — 
Loss on disposal or impairment of long-lived assets1.0 5.0 4.5 
Amortization of premium/discount on investments6.1 6.9 1.7 
Realized gain on sale of investments(0.3)(0.4)(1.5)
Gain on equity investment— (8.3)(14.2)
Foreign exchange gain on equity investment— (2.2)(2.2)
Deferred income taxes0.7 0.9 (0.5)
Changes in operating assets and liabilities:
Accounts receivable, net(54.3)(23.5)(3.2)
Inventories(68.8)(44.6)(8.5)
Prepaid expenses and other assets(0.4)(20.0)(3.0)
Accounts payable, trade29.2 21.7 (7.2)
Accrued salaries and wages and other liabilities(10.5)15.3 (24.9)
Accrued contract liabilities2.6 (2.8)5.5 
Net cash used in operating activities of continuing operations(154.2)(112.5)(91.6)
Net cash (used in) provided by operating activities of discontinued operations— (13.0)62.6 
Cash used in operating activities(154.2)(125.5)(29.0)
Investing activities:
Purchases of property and equipment(644.9)(570.5)(229.9)
Purchases of patent and licensing rights(5.7)(5.9)(4.4)
Proceeds from sale of property and equipment, including insurance proceeds3.1 2.3 2.6 
Purchases of short-term investments(475.0)(475.0)(821.4)
Proceeds from maturities of short-term investments242.3 428.3 460.6 
Proceeds from sale of short-term investments225.2 51.7 118.0 
Reimbursement of property and equipment purchases from long-term incentive agreement139.0 10.7 — 
Proceeds from sale of business, net, including receipt of note receivable125.0 43.7 — 
Proceeds from sale of long-term investment— 66.4 — 
Net cash used in investing activities of continuing operations(391.0)(448.3)(474.5)
Net cash used in investing activities of discontinued operations— (0.3)(12.4)
Cash used in investing activities(391.0)(448.6)(486.9)
Financing activities:
Proceeds from long-term debt borrowings20.0 30.0 — 
Payments on long-term debt borrowings, including finance lease obligations(20.5)(30.4)(145.1)
Proceeds from issuance of common stock22.4 539.7 76.4 
Tax withholding on vested equity awards(29.1)(36.2)(16.9)
Proceeds from convertible notes750.0 — 575.0 
Payments of debt issuance costs(17.7)— (13.6)
Cash paid for capped call transactions(108.2)— — 
Incentive-related escrow refunds/(deposits)— 1.5 (11.5)
Commitment fees on long-term incentive agreement(1.0)(0.5)— 
Cash provided by financing activities615.9 504.1 464.3 
Effects of foreign exchange changes on cash and cash equivalents(0.2)0.2 (0.1)
Net change in cash and cash equivalents70.5 (69.8)(51.7)
Cash and cash equivalents, beginning of period379.0 448.8 500.5 
Cash and cash equivalents, end of period$449.5 $379.0 $448.8 
The accompanying notes are an integral part of the consolidated financial statements
50

Table of Contents
WOLFSPEED, INC.
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF SHAREHOLDERS’ EQUITY
 Common StockAdditional Paid-in CapitalAccumulated DeficitAccumulated Other Comprehensive IncomeTotal Equity - Controlled InterestNon-controlling Interest from Discontinued OperationsTotal Equity
 
Number
of Shares
Par 
Value
Share data in thousands, U.S. Dollar information in millions
Balance at June 30, 2019106,570 $0.1 $2,874.1 ($847.5)$9.5 $2,036.2 $5.0 $2,041.2 
Net (loss) income— — — (191.7)— (191.7)1.1 (190.6)
Unrealized gain on available-for-sale securities— — — — 6.5 6.5 — 6.5 
Comprehensive (loss) income(185.2)1.1 (184.1)
Tax withholding on vested equity awards— — (16.9)— — (16.9)— (16.9)
Stock-based compensation— — 54.9 — — 54.9 — 54.9 
Exercise of stock options and issuance of shares2,660 — 76.4 — — 76.4 — 76.4 
Issuance of convertible notes due May 1, 2026— — 145.4 — — 145.4 — 145.4 
Partial extinguishment of convertible notes due September 1, 2023— — (27.7)— — (27.7)— (27.7)
Balance at June 28, 2020109,230 $0.1 $3,106.2 ($1,039.2)$16.0 $2,083.1 $6.1 $2,089.2 
Net (loss) income— — — (523.9)— (523.9)1.4 (522.5)
Reclassification of currency translation gain to loss on sale of discontinued operations— — — — (9.5)(9.5)— (9.5)
Unrealized loss on available-for-sale securities— — — — (3.8)(3.8)— (3.8)
Comprehensive (loss) income(537.2)1.4 (535.8)
Tax withholding on vested equity awards— — (36.2)— — (36.2)— (36.2)
Stock-based compensation— — 67.1 — — 67.1 — 67.1 
Exercise of stock options and issuance of shares2,238 — 50.6 — — 50.6 — 50.6 
Issuance of shares under the at-the-market offering program, net of issuance costs4,223 — 489.1 — — 489.1 — 489.1 
Reclassification of noncontrolling interest to loss on sale of discontinued operations— — — — — — (7.5)(7.5)
Balance at June 27, 2021115,691 $0.1 $3,676.8 ($1,563.1)$2.7 $2,116.5 $— $2,116.5 
Net loss— — — (200.9)— (200.9)— (200.9)
Unrealized loss on available-for-sale securities— — — — (28.0)(28.0)— (28.0)
Comprehensive loss(228.9)— (228.9)
Tax withholding on vested equity awards— — (29.1)— — (29.1)— (29.1)
Stock-based compensation— — 62.8 — 62.8 — 62.8 
Exercise of stock options and issuance of shares978 — 22.4 — — 22.4 — 22.4 
Issuance of shares related to the extinguishment of convertible notes due September 1, 20237,126 0.1 416.1 — — 416.2 — 416.2 
Issuance of convertible notes due February 15, 2028— — 187.6 — — 187.6 — 187.6 
Capped call transactions related to the issuance of convertible notes due February 15, 2028  (108.2)  (108.2)— (108.2)
Balance at June 26, 2022123,795 $0.2 $4,228.4 ($1,764.0)($25.3)$2,439.3 $— $2,439.3 
The accompanying notes are an integral part of the consolidated financial statements.

CREE, INC.
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF LOSS
51
 Fiscal Years Ended
 June 25,
2017
 June 26,
2016
 June 28,
2015
 (In thousands, except per share data)
Revenue, net
$1,473,000
 
$1,616,627
 
$1,632,505
Cost of revenue, net1,038,428
 1,129,553
 1,158,586
Gross profit434,572
 487,074
 473,919
Operating expenses:     
Research and development158,549
 168,848
 182,797
Sales, general and administrative277,175
 283,052
 290,730
Amortization or impairment of acquisition-related intangibles27,499
 28,732
 26,220
Loss on disposal or impairment of long-lived assets2,521
 16,913
 47,722
Wolfspeed transaction termination fee(12,500) 
 
Total operating expenses453,244
 497,545
 547,469
Operating loss(18,672) (10,471) (73,550)
Non-operating income (expense), net14,008
 (13,035) (10,389)
Loss before income taxes(4,664) (23,506) (83,939)
Income tax expense (benefit)93,454
 (1,970) (19,247)
Net loss
($98,118) 
($21,536) 
($64,692)
Loss per share:     
Basic
($1.00) 
($0.21) 
($0.57)
Diluted
($1.00) 
($0.21) 
($0.57)
Weighted average shares used in per share calculation:     
Basic98,487
 101,783
 113,022
Diluted98,487
 101,783
 113,022

The accompanying notes are an integral part
Table of the consolidated financial statements.

CREE, INC.
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF COMPREHENSIVE LOSS

 Fiscal Years Ended
 June 25,
2017
 June 26,
2016
 June 28,
2015
 (In thousands)
Net loss
($98,118) 
($21,536) 
($64,692)
Other comprehensive (loss) income:     
Currency translation loss, net of tax benefit of $0, $0 and $0, respectively(153) (362) (3,563)
Net unrealized (loss) gain on available-for-sale securities, net of tax (expense) benefit of $0, ($1,936), and $1,284, respectively(2,666) 3,292
 (2,044)
Other comprehensive (loss) income(2,819) 2,930
 (5,607)
Comprehensive loss
($100,937) 
($18,606) 
($70,299)
The accompanying notes are an integral part of the consolidated financial statements.



CREE, INC.
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS
 Fiscal Years Ended

June 25,
2017
 June 26,
2016
 June 28,
2015
 (In thousands)
Cash flows from operating activities:     
Net loss
($98,118) 
($21,536) 
($64,692)
Adjustments to reconcile net loss to net cash provided by operating activities:     
Depreciation and amortization150,508
 159,145
 173,323
Stock-based compensation47,725
 58,728
 64,299
Excess tax benefit from share-based payment arrangements2
 (12) (1,395)
Impairment of acquisition-related intangibles
 
 254
Loss on disposal or impairment of long-lived assets2,521
 16,913
 47,722
Amortization of premium/discount on investments5,427
 5,314
 6,152
(Gain)/loss on equity method investment(7,543) 15,357
 22,624
Foreign exchange (gain)/loss on equity method investment(2,644) 2,057
 347
Deferred income taxes74,918
 (15,839) (21,346)
Changes in operating assets and liabilities, net of effect of acquisition:     
Accounts receivable, net16,955
 21,800
 37,853
Inventories17,918
 (23,269) 3,528
Prepaid expenses and other assets17,438
 8,103
 (11,112)
Accounts payable, trade(4,818) (12,090) (44,796)
Accrued salaries and wages and other liabilities(4,389) (11,355) (31,507)
Net cash provided by operating activities215,900
 203,316
 181,254
Cash flows from investing activities:     
Purchases of property and equipment(86,928) (120,018) (206,160)
Purchases of patent and licensing rights(12,405) (14,443) (19,491)
Proceeds from sale of property and equipment1,392
 5,296
 285
Purchases of short-term investments(200,405) (220,823) (349,802)
Proceeds from maturities of short-term investments125,922
 312,524
 419,802
Proceeds from sale of short-term investments27,174
 42,074
 219,795
Purchase of other long-term investments
 
 (80,566)
Purchase of acquired business, net of cash acquired
 (12,513) 
Net cash used in investing activities(145,250) (7,903) (16,137)
Cash flows from financing activities:     
Payment of acquisition-related contingent consideration(2,775) 
 
Proceeds from long-term debt borrowings468,000
 653,000
 695,000
Payments on long-term debt borrowings(483,000) (693,000) (495,000)
Net proceeds from issuance of common stock17,716
 21,682
 36,929
Excess tax benefit from share-based payment arrangements(2) 12
 1,395
Repurchases of common stock(104,017) (149,553) (549,677)
Net cash used in financing activities(104,078) (167,859) (311,353)
Effects of foreign exchange changes on cash and cash equivalents(129) (1,110) (878)
Net (decrease) increase in cash and cash equivalents(33,557) 26,444
 (147,114)
Cash and cash equivalents:     
Beginning of period166,154
 139,710
 286,824
End of period
$132,597
 
$166,154
 
$139,710
Supplemental disclosure of cash flow information:     
Cash paid for interest
$3,588
 
$3,110
 
$1,002
Cash paid for income taxes
$8,494
 
$14,722
 
$28,834
Significant non-cash transactions:     
Accrued property and equipment
$10,173
 
$3,721
 
$24,243
The accompanying notes are an integral part of the consolidated financial statements.

CREE, INC.
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF SHAREHOLDERS’ EQUITY
 Common Stock 
Additional
Paid-in
Capital
 
(Accumulated deficit)/Retained
Earnings
 
Accumulated
Other
Comprehensive
Income
 
Total
Shareholders’
Equity
 
Number
of Shares
 Par Value 
 (In thousands)
Balance at June 29, 2014120,114
 
$149
 
$2,190,011
 
$784,818
 
$11,405
 
$2,986,383
Net loss
 
 
 (64,692) 
 (64,692)
Currency translation loss, net of tax benefit of $0
 
 
 
 (3,563) (3,563)
Unrealized loss on available-for-sale securities, net of tax benefit of $1,284
 
 
 
 (2,044) (2,044)
Comprehensive income          (70,299)
Income tax expense from stock option exercises
 
 (1,010) 
 
 (1,010)
Repurchased shares(16,034) (20) 
 (549,657) 

 (549,677)
Stock-based compensation
 
 64,720
 
 
 64,720
Exercise of stock options and issuance of shares1,427
 2
 31,833
 
 
 31,835
Balance at June 28, 2015105,507
 
$131
 
$2,285,554
 
$170,469
 
$5,798
 
$2,461,952
Net loss
 
 
 (21,536) 
 (21,536)
Currency translation loss, net of tax benefit of $0
 
 
 
 (362) (362)
Unrealized gain on available-for-sale securities, net of tax expense of $1,936
 
 
 
 3,292
 3,292
Comprehensive income          (18,606)
Income tax expense from stock option exercises
 
 (3,525) 
 
 (3,525)
Repurchased shares(5,842) (7) 
 (149,546) 
 (149,553)
Stock-based compensation
 
 58,425
 
 
 58,425
Exercise of stock options and issuance of shares1,164
 1
 19,130
 
 
 19,131
Balance at June 26, 2016100,829
 
$125
 
$2,359,584
 
($613) 
$8,728
 
$2,367,824
Net loss
 
 
 (98,118) 
 (98,118)
Currency translation loss, net of tax benefit of $0
 
 
 
 (153) (153)
Unrealized loss on available-for-sale securities, net of tax expense of $0
 
 
 
 (2,666) (2,666)
Comprehensive loss          (100,937)
Income tax expense from stock option exercises
 
 (253) 
 
 (253)
Repurchased shares(4,460) (6) 
 (104,011) 

 (104,017)
Stock-based compensation
 
 46,813
 
 
 46,813
Exercise of stock options and issuance of shares1,305
 2
 13,373
 
 
 13,375
Balance at June 25, 201797,674
 
$121
 
$2,419,517
 
($202,742) 
$5,909
 
$2,222,805
The accompanying notes are an integral part of the consolidated financial statements.

CREE,WOLFSPEED, INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

52

Table of Contents
Note 1 – Business
Overview
Cree,Wolfspeed, Inc. (the Company), formerly known as Cree, Inc., is a leadingan innovator of lighting-class light emitting diode (LED) products, lighting products and wide bandgap semiconductor productssemiconductors, focused on Silicon Carbide and gallium nitride (GaN) materials and devices for power and radio-frequency (RF) applications. The Company's products are targeted for applications such as indoorCompany’s product families include Silicon Carbide and outdoor lighting, video displays, transportation, electronic signs and signals, power supplies, inverters and wireless systems.
The Company's lighting products primarily consist of LED lighting systems and lamps. The Company designs, manufactures and sells lighting fixtures and lamps for the commercial, industrial and consumer markets.
The Company's LED products consist of LED chips and LED components. The Company's LED products enable its customers to develop and market LED-based products for lighting, video screens, automotive and other industrial applications.
The Company’s Wolfspeed business consists of silicon carbide (SiC)GaN materials, power devices and RF devices based on wide bandgap semiconductor materialstargeted for various applications such as SiCelectric vehicles, fast charging, 5G, renewable energy and gallium nitride (GaN)storage, and aerospace and defense.
Previously, the Company designed, manufactured and sold specialty lighting-class light emitting diode (LED) products targeted for use in indoor and outdoor lighting, electronic signs and signals and video displays. As discussed more fully below in Note 3, “Discontinued Operations,” on March 1, 2021, the Company completed the sale of certain assets and subsidiaries comprising its former LED Products segment (the LED Business Divestiture) to SMART Global Holdings, Inc. (SGH) and its wholly owned newly-created acquisition subsidiary CreeLED, Inc. (CreeLED and collectively with SGH, SMART).
Unless otherwise noted, discussion within these notes to the consolidated financial statements relates to the Company's continuing operations.
The Company’s materials products and power devices are used in solar, electric vehicles, motor drives, power supplies, solar and transportation applications. The Company’s materials products and RF devices are used in military communications, radar, satellite and telecommunication applications.
On October 4, 2021, the Company changed its corporate name from Cree, Inc. to Wolfspeed, Inc. In addition, the Company transferred the listing of its common stock to the New York Stock Exchange (NYSE) from The Nasdaq Global Select Market (Nasdaq). The Company ceased trading as a Nasdaq-listed company at the end of the day on October 1, 2021 and commenced trading as a NYSE-listed company at market open on October 4, 2021 under the new ticker symbol ‘WOLF’.
The majority of the Company's products are manufactured at its production facilities located in North Carolina, WisconsinCalifornia and China.Arkansas. The Company also uses contract manufacturers for certain products and aspects of product fabrication, assembly and packaging. Additionally, the Company recently opened its Silicon Carbide device fabrication facility in New York. The Company operates research and development facilities in North Carolina, California, Arkansas, California, Wisconsin, India, ItalyArizona and China (including Hong Kong).New York.
Cree,Wolfspeed, Inc. is a North Carolina corporation established in 1987, and is headquarteredits headquarters are in Durham, North Carolina.
The Company's three reportable segments are:
53
Lighting Products

LED Products
Wolfspeed
For financial results by reportable segment, please refer to Note 14, “Reportable Segments.”
TerminationTable of Wolfspeed Sale TransactionContents
On July 13, 2016, the Company executed an Asset Purchase Agreement (the APA) with Infineon, which was approved by both the Company’s Board of Directors and Infineon’s Supervisory Board. Pursuant to the APA, the Company agreed to sell to Infineon, and Infineon agreed to (i) purchase from the Company (a) the assets comprising the Company’s power and RF product lines (formerly the Company's Power and RF Products segment), including manufacturing facilities and equipment, inventory, intellectual property rights, contracts, real estate, and the outstanding equity interests of Cree Fayetteville, Inc, one of the Company’s wholly-owned subsidiaries, and (b) certain related portions of the Company’s SiC materials and gemstones business previously included within the LED Products segment and (ii) assume certain liabilities related to the Wolfspeed business.
Beginning in July 2016, the Company classified the results of the Wolfspeed business as discontinued operations in the Company’s consolidated statements of loss for all periods presented. The Company also ceased recording depreciation and amortization of long-lived assets of the Wolfspeed business upon classification as discontinued operations in July 2016. Additionally, the related assets and liabilities associated with the discontinued operations were classified as held for sale in the consolidated balance sheets.

On February 16, 2017, the Company announced that the APA would be terminated as the Company and Infineon were unable to identify alternatives to modify the transaction to address the national security concerns of, and obtain approval from, the Committee on Foreign Investment in the United States, one of the closing conditions under the APA. On March 6, 2017, the Company and Infineon entered into a Termination Agreement pursuant to which the APA was terminated. Pursuant to the APA and the Termination Agreement, Infineon paid the Company a termination fee of $12.5 million in cash on March 10, 2017, which is included in Wolfspeed transaction termination fee in the Company’s consolidated statements of loss and in net cash provided by operating activities in the Company’s consolidated statements of cash flows.
As a result of the announcement of the termination of the APA and the Company’s decision to continue operating the Wolfspeed business, as of February 16, 2017, the Company reclassified the results of the Wolfspeed business as continuing operations in the Company’s consolidated statements of loss, and presented it as a separate reportable segment for all periods presented. Additionally, the related assets and liabilities of the Wolfspeed business were reclassified as held and used in the consolidated balance sheets for all periods presented. The long-lived assets were measured at the lower of their carrying amount before being classified as held for sale, adjusted for any depreciation and amortization expense that would have been recognized had the assets been continuously classified as held and used, or their fair value at the date of the subsequent decision not to sell.
Note 2 – Basis of Presentation and Summary of Significant Accounting Policies
Principles of Consolidation
The consolidated financial statements include the accounts of the Company and its wholly owned subsidiaries. All material intercompany accounts and transactions have been eliminated in consolidation.eliminated.
Fiscal Year
The Company’s fiscal year is a 52 or 53-week53-week period ending on the last Sunday in the month of June. The Company’s 2017, 20162022, 2021 and 20152020 fiscal years were 52-week fiscal years. The Company’s 2018Company's 2023 fiscal year will be a 52-week fiscal year. The next 53-week fiscal year will be for the Company's 2024 fiscal year.
Reclassifications
Certain prior period amounts in the accompanying consolidated financial statements have been reclassified to conform to the current year presentation. These reclassifications had no effect on previously reported net loss or shareholders’ equity.
Use of Estimates
The preparation of consolidated financial statements in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America (U.S. GAAP) requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets, liabilities, revenue and expenses, and the disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities. The Company evaluates its estimates on an ongoing basis, including those related to revenue recognition, product warranty obligations, valuation of inventories, tax related contingencies, valuation of stock-based compensation, valuation of long-lived and intangible assets, other contingencies and litigation, among others. The Company generally bases its estimates on historical experience and on various other assumptions that are believed to be reasonable under the circumstances, the results of which form the basis for making judgments about the carrying values of assets and liabilities that are not readily apparent from other sources. Actual results could differ materially from those estimates.
Certain accounting matters that generally require consideration of forecasted financial information were assessed regarding impacts from the COVID-19 pandemic as of June 26, 2022 and through the date of this Annual Report using reasonably available information as of those dates. The accounting matters assessed included, but were not limited to, allowance for doubtful accounts, the carrying value of goodwill and other long-lived tangible and intangible assets, the potential impact to earnings of unrealized losses on investments and valuation allowances for deferred tax assets. While the assessments resulted in no material impacts to the consolidated financial statements as of June 26, 2022 and June 27, 2021 and for the years ended June 26, 2022, June 27, 2021 and June 28, 2020, the Company believes the full impact of the pandemic remains uncertain and will continue to assess if ongoing developments related to the pandemic may cause future material impacts to its consolidated financial statements.
Change in Estimate
As a result of the LED Business Divestiture and the Company's continued investment in 200mm technology, the Company evaluated the useful lives applied to certain machinery and equipment assets by considering industry standards and reviewing the assets' historical and estimated future use. In the first quarter of fiscal 2022, the Company increased the expected useful lives of these assets by two to five years to more closely reflect the estimated economic lives of those assets. This change in estimate was applied prospectively effective for the first quarter of fiscal 2022 and resulted in a decrease in depreciation expense of $33.3 million for the fiscal year ended June 26, 2022. Approximately $10.4 million of the decrease in year-to-date depreciation expense resulted in a net reduction of inventory as of June 26, 2022 and the remaining $22.9 million resulted in an improvement in both loss before income taxes and net loss, of which $19.6 million related to an improvement in gross profit. This change in estimate resulted in an improvement in year-to-date basic and diluted loss per share of $0.19 per share.
Segment Information
U.S. GAAP requires segmentation based on an entity’s internal organization andThe Company operates as a single reporting of revenue and operating income based upon internal accounting methods commonly referred to assegment. Accordingly, the “management approach.”Chief Operating segments are defined as components of an enterprise about which separate financial information is available that is evaluated regularly by the chief operating decision makerDecision Maker (CODM), or decision making group, in deciding how to allocate allocates resources and in assessing performance.assesses performance on a consolidated basis. The Company’sCompany's identified CODM is itsthe Chief Executive Officer. The Company has determined that it currently has three operating and reportable segments.

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Cash and Cash Equivalents
Cash and cash equivalents consist of unrestricted cash accounts and highly liquid investments with an original maturity of three months or less when purchased. Cash and cash equivalents are stated at cost, which approximates fair value. The Company holds cash and cash equivalents at several major financial institutions, which often exceed insurance limits set by the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation (FDIC). The Company has not historically experienced any losses due to such concentration of credit risk.
Accounts Receivable
For product revenue, the Company typically invoices its customers at the time of shipment for the sales order value of products shipped. Accounts receivable are recognized at the invoiced amount and are not subject to any interest or finance charges. The Company does not have any off-balance sheet credit exposure related to any of its customers.
Allowance for Doubtful Accounts
On June 29, 2020, the first day of the 2021 fiscal year, the Company adopted Financial Accounting Standards Board (FASB) Accounting Standard Update (ASU) 2016-13, Financial Instruments - Credit Losses (Topic 326): Measurement of Credit Losses on Financial Instruments (ASU 2016-13) using the modified retrospective transition method, which replaced the incurred loss impairment methodology in U.S. GAAP with a methodology that reflects expected credit losses. Upon adoption, prior period balances were not adjusted and the Company determined no cumulative-effect adjustment to retained earnings as of June 29, 2020 was required.
Under this new standard, expected credit losses for the Company's receivables are evaluated on a collective (pool) basis and aggregated on the basis of similar risk characteristics. These aggregated risk pools are reassessed at each measurement date. A combination of factors is considered in determining the appropriate estimate of expected credit losses, including broad-based economic indicators as well as customers' financial strength, credit standing, payment history and any historical defaults.
Investments
Investments in certain securities may be classified into three categories:
Held-to-Maturity – Debt securities that the entity has the positive intent and ability to hold to maturity, which are reported at amortized cost.
Trading – Debt and equity securities that are bought and held principally for the purpose of selling in the near term, which are reported at fair value, with unrealized gains and losses included in earnings.
Available-for-Sale – Debt and equity securities not classified as either held-to-maturity or trading securities, which are reported at fair value with unrealized gains or losses excluded from earnings and reported as a separate component of shareholders’ equity. However, as explained further below, the Company evaluates each individual security in an unrealized loss position for expected credit losses and if it is evaluated as having an expected credit loss, unrealized losses of that security are included in earnings.
The Company reassesses the appropriateness of the classification (i.e., held-to-maturity, trading or available-for-sale) of its investments at the end of each reporting period.
WhenUpon adoption of ASU 2016-13, available-for-sale debt securities in an unrealized loss position at each measurement date are individually evaluated for expected credit losses. The Company evaluates whether the fair value ofunrealized loss is due to market factors or changes in the investment holdings' credit rating. An expected credit loss will be recorded when an investment declinesin an unrealized loss position is determined to have lost value from a decreased credit rating. The Company does not record an allowance for credit losses on receivables related to accrued interest. For the fiscal years ended June 26, 2022 and June 27, 2021, no allowance for credit losses was recorded.
Before the adoption of ASU 2016-13, the Company evaluated investments that experienced a decline below its original cost the Company considers all available evidence to evaluatedetermine whether the decline is other-than-temporary. Among other things, the Company considersconsidered the duration and extent of the decline and the economic factors influencingthat influenced the capital markets. For the fiscal yearsyear ended June 25, 2017, June 26, 2016, and June 28, 2015,2020, the Company had no other-than-temporary declines below the cost basis of its investments.
The Company utilizes specific identification in computing realized gains and losses on the sale of investments. Realized gains and losses on the sale of investments are reported in other income and expense.non-operating expense (income), net.
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Investments in marketable securities with maturities beyond one year may be classified as short-term based on their highly liquid nature and because such marketable securities represent the investment of cash that is available for current operations.
Other long-term investments consistFair Value of the Company's approximately 15% common stock ownership interest in Lextar Electronics Corporation (Lextar), which theFinancial Instruments
The Company acquired in December 2014.  This investment was accounted for under the equity method from the date of investment until June 2016 when the Company choseperforms recurring fair value measurements for its representative not to stand for re-electioncash equivalents and short-term investments, as a memberdiscussed further in Note 8, "Fair Value of the Lextar board of directors. The Company utilizes theFinancial Instruments." In addition, cash, accounts and interest receivable, accounts payable and other liabilities approximate their fair value option in accounting for its investment in Lextar. The Company has determined that for its fiscal years endedvalues at June 26, 20162022 and June 28, 2015, Lextar has met the conditions of a significant subsidiary under Rule 1-02(w) of Regulation S-X for which the Company is required, pursuant to Rule 3-09 of Regulation S-X, to file separate financial statements as an exhibit to its Annual Report on Form 10-K. As such, separate financial statements for Lextar, prepared by Lextar and audited by its independent public accounting firm, are filed as Exhibit 99.127, 2021 due to the Company's Annual Report.short-term nature of these instruments.
Inventories
Inventories are stated at the lower of cost or market,net realizable value, with cost determined on a first-in, first-out (FIFO) method or an average cost method; and with market not to exceed net realizable value.method. The Company writes down its inventory balances for estimates of excess and obsolete amounts. These write-downs are recognized as a component of cost of revenue. At the point of the write-down, a new lower-costlower cost basis for that inventory is established, and any subsequent improvements in facts and circumstances do not result in the restoration or increase in that newly established lower-costlower cost basis. The Company recognized charges for write-downs in inventoriesIf that inventory is subsequently sold, the sale is recorded at the actual selling price and the related cost of $7.3 million, $3.6 million and $15.2 million, for fiscal 2017, 2016 and 2015, respectively.

revenue is recorded at the new lower cost basis.
Property and Equipment
Property and equipment are stated at cost and depreciated on a straight-line basis over the assets’ estimated useful lives. Leasehold improvements are amortized over the lesser of the asset life or the lifeterm of the related lease. In general, the Company’s policy for useful lives is as follows:
Furniture and fixtures5 years
Buildings and building improvements5 to 40 years
Machinery and equipment3 to 15 years
Buildings and building improvementsVehicles5 to 40 years
Furniture and fixtures3 to 5 years
Aircraft and vehiclesComputer hardware/software5 to 203 years
Leasehold improvementsShorter of estimated useful life or lease term
Expenditures for repairs and maintenance are charged to expense as incurred. The costs for major renewals and improvements are capitalized and depreciated over their estimated useful lives. The cost and related accumulated depreciation of the assets are removed from the accounts upon disposition and any resulting gain or loss is reflected in operating income.
The Company considers a long-lived asset to be abandoned after the Company has ceased use of such asset and there is no longer intent to use or repurpose the asset in the future. Abandoned long-lived assets are recorded at their salvage value, if any.
Government Grant Disbursements
Government grant disbursements are recognized when there is reasonable assurance that: (1) the Company will comply with the relevant conditions and (2) the grant disbursement will be received. The Company receives grant disbursements from the State of New York Development Corporation relating to property, plant and equipment purchases in connection with its construction of a new Silicon Carbide device fabrication facility in Marcy, New York. Grant disbursements are recorded as a reduction to the related asset(s), which then reduces depreciation expense over the expected useful life of the asset on a straight-line basis.
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Shipping and Handling Costs
Shipping and handling costs are included in Costcost of revenue, net in the Consolidated Statementsconsolidated statements of Lossoperations and are recognized as a period expense during the period in which they are incurred.
Goodwill and Intangible Assets
The Company recognizes the assets acquired and liabilities assumed in business combinations at their respective fair values at the date of acquisition, with any excess purchase price recognized as goodwill. Valuation of intangible assets entails significant estimates and assumptions including, but not limited to, estimating future cash flows from product revenue, developing appropriate discount rates, continuation of customer relationships and renewal of customer contracts, and approximating the useful lives of the intangible assets acquired.
Goodwill
The Company recognizes goodwill as an asset representing the future economic benefits arising from other assets acquired in a business combination that are not individually identified and separately recognized. The Company tests goodwill for impairment at least annually as of the first day of the its fiscal fourth quarter, or when indications of potential impairment exist. The Company monitors for the existence of potential impairment indicators throughout the fiscal year.
The Company conducts impairment testing for goodwill at the reporting unit level. Reporting units may be operating segments as a whole, or an operation one level below an operating segment, referred to as a component. The Company has determined that itsit has 1 reporting units are its three operating and reportable segments.unit, Wolfspeed.
The Company may initiate goodwill impairment testing by considering qualitative factors to determine whether it is more likely than not that a reporting unit’s carrying value is greater than its fair value. Such factors may include the following, among others: a significant decline in the reporting units expected future cash flows; a sustained, significant decline in the Companys stock price and market capitalization; a significant adverse change in legal factors or in the business climate; unanticipated competition; and slower growth rates; as well as changes in management, key personnel, strategy and customers. If the Company’sCompany's qualitative assessment indicates that goodwill impairmentit is more likely than not that the Company performs the two-step goodwill impairment test. Alternatively, the Company may bypass the qualitative test and initiate goodwill impairment testing with the first step of the two-step goodwill impairment test.
During the first step of the goodwill impairment test, the Company compares the fair value of the reporting unit to its carrying value, including goodwill. The Company derives a reporting units fair value through a combination of the market approach (a guideline transaction method) and the income approach (a discounted cash flow analysis). The income approach utilizes a discount rate from the capital asset pricing model. If all reporting units are analyzed during the first step of the goodwill impairment test, their respective fair values are reconciled back to the Companys consolidated market capitalization.

If theestimated fair value of a reporting unit exceeds its carrying value, thenno further analysis is required and goodwill is not impaired. Otherwise, the Company concludes that noperforms a quantitative goodwill impairment has occurred.test to determine if goodwill is impaired. The quantitative test compares the fair value of a reporting unit with its carrying amount, including goodwill.
If the fair value of the reporting unit exceeds the carrying value of the net assets associated with the reporting unit, goodwill is not considered impaired. If the carrying value of the net assets associated with the reporting unit exceeds its fair value, the Company performs the second step of the goodwill impairment test to measure possible goodwill impairment loss. During the second step, the Company hypothetically values the reporting units tangible and intangible assets and liabilities as if the reporting unit had been acquired in a business combination. Then, the implied fair value of the reporting unit,s goodwill is compared to the carrying value of its goodwill. If the carrying value of the reporting units goodwill exceeds the implied fair value of the goodwill, the Company recognizes an impairment loss in an amount equal to the excess, not to exceed the carrying value of the reporting unitsunit's goodwill. Once an impairment loss is recognized, the adjusted carrying value of the goodwill becomes the new accounting basis of the goodwill for the reporting unit.
Indefinite-Lived Intangible Assets
The Companys indefinite-lived intangible assets are tested for impairment at least annually in the fiscal fourth quarter or when indications of potential impairment exist. The Company monitors forderives a reporting units fair value through a combination of the existence of potential impairment indicators throughoutmarket approach (guideline transaction method and guideline public company method) and the fiscal year.
income approach (a discounted cash flow analysis). The Companys impairment test may begin withincome approach utilizes a qualitative test to determine whether it is more likely than not that an indefinite-lived intangiblediscount rate from a capital assets carrying pricing model. The fair value is greater than its fair value. In performing this test,reconciled back to the Company may consider the following qualitative factors, among others: a significant decline in expected future cash flows; changes in industry ands consolidated market conditions such as the deterioration in the environment in which the Company operates or an increased competitive environment; changes in management, key personnel, strategy, or customers; as well as other economic factors. If the Company’s qualitative assessment indicates that asset impairment is more likely than not, the Company performs a quantitative impairment test by comparing the fair value of the indefinite-lived intangible asset to its carrying value. Alternatively, the Company may bypass the qualitative test and initiate impairment testing with the quantitative impairment test. Determining the fair value of indefinite-lived intangible assets entails significant estimates and assumptions including, but not limited to, determining the timing and expected costs to complete development projects, estimating future cash flows from product revenue, developing appropriate discount rates, estimating probability rates for the successful completion of development projects, continuation of customer relationships and renewal of customer contracts, and approximating the useful lives of the intangible assets acquired.
If the fair value of the indefinite-lived intangible asset exceeds its carrying value, then the Company concludes that no impairment has occurred. If the carrying value of the indefinite-lived intangible asset exceeds its fair value, the Company recognizes an impairment loss in an amount equal to the excess, not to exceed the carrying value. Once an impairment loss is recognized, the adjusted carrying value becomes the new accounting basis of the indefinite-lived intangible asset.capitalization.
Finite-Lived Intangible Assets
U.S. GAAP requires that intangible assets, other than goodwill and indefinite-lived intangibles, must be amortized over their useful lives. The Company is currently amortizing its acquired intangible assets with finite lives over periods ranging from oneseven to 2015 years.
Patent rights reflect costs incurred by the Company in applying for and maintaining patents owned by the Company and costs incurred in purchasing patents and related rights from third parties. Licensing rights reflect costs incurred by the Company in acquiring licenses under patents owned by others. The Company amortizes both on a straight-line basis over the expected useful life of the associated patent rights, which is generally the lesser of 20 years from the date of the patent application or the license period. Royalties payable under licenses for patents owned by others are generally expensed as incurred. The Company reviews its capitalized patent portfolio and recognizes impairment charges when circumstances warrant, such as when patents have been abandoned or are no longer being pursued.
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Long-Lived Assets
The Company reviews long-lived assets such as property and equipment for impairment based on changes in circumstances that indicate their carrying amounts may not be recoverable. In making these determinations, the Company uses certain assumptions, including but not limited to: (1) estimations of the fair market value of the assets and (2) estimations of future cash flows expected to be generated by these assets, which are based on additional assumptions such as asset utilization, length of service the asset will be used in the Company’s operations and estimated salvage values.

Contingent Liabilities
The Company recognizes contingent liabilities when it is probable that an asset has been impaired or a liability has been incurred at the date of the financial statements and the amount of the loss can be reasonably estimated. Disclosure in the notes to the financial statements is required for loss contingencies that do not meet both these conditions if there is a reasonable possibility that a loss may have been incurred. See Note 13,15, “Commitments and Contingencies,” for a discussion of loss contingencies in connection with pending and threatened litigation. The Company expenses as incurred the costs of defending legal claims against the Company.Company are expensed as incurred.
Revenue Recognition
The Company recognizesRevenue is recognized when control of a good or service promised in a contract (i.e., performance obligation) is transferred to a customer. Control is obtained when a customer has the ability to direct the use of and obtain substantially all of the remaining benefits from that good or service. Substantially all of the Company's revenue is derived from product revenuesales. Revenue is recognized at a point in time based on the Company’s evaluation of when the earnings process is complete, as evidenced by persuasive evidencecustomer obtains control of an arrangement (typically in the formproducts, and all performance obligations under the terms of a purchase order), when the sales price is fixed or determinable, collection ofcontract are satisfied. If customer acceptance clauses are present and it cannot be objectively determined that control has been transferred based on the contract and shipping terms, revenue is reasonably assured,only recorded when customer acceptance is received and title and riskall performance obligations have been satisfied. Sales of loss have passed to the customer.
The Company provides its customers with limited rights of return for non-conforming shipments and product warranty claims. The Company estimates an allowance for anticipated sales returns based upon an analysis of historical sales returns and other relevant data. The Company recognizes an allowance for non-conforming returns at the time of sale as a reduction of product revenue and as a reduction to the related accounts receivable balance. The Company recognizes a liability for product warranty claims at the time of sale as an increase to cost of revenue.products typically do not include more than one performance obligation.
A substantial portion of the Company’s products are sold through distributors. Distributors stock inventory and sell the Company’s products to their own customer base, which may include: value added resellers; manufacturers who incorporate the Company’s products into their own manufactured goods; or ultimate end users of the Company’s products. The Company recognizes revenue upon shipment of its products to its distributors. This arrangement is often referred to as a “sell-in” or “point-of-purchase” model as opposed to a “sell-through” or “point-of-sale” model, where revenue is deferred and not recognized until the distributor sells the product through to their customer.
CertainMaster supply or distributor agreements are in place with many of the Company's customers and contain terms and conditions including, but not limited to, payment, delivery, incentives and warranty. These agreements sometimes require minimum purchase commitments and/or involve potential penalties to the Company if a defined supply schedule is not met. If a master supply, distributor or other similar agreement is not in place with a customer, the Company considers a purchase order, which is governed by the Company’s standard terms and conditions, to be the contract governing the relationship with that customer.
Pricing terms are negotiated independently on a stand-alone basis. Revenue is measured based on the amount of net consideration to which the Company expects to be entitled to receive in exchange for products or services. Variable consideration is recognized as a reduction of net revenue with a corresponding reserve at the time of revenue recognition, and consists primarily of sales incentives, volume discounts, price concessions and return allowances. Variable consideration is estimated based on contractual terms, historical analysis of customer purchase volumes, or historical analysis using specific data for the type of consideration being assessed.
Some of the Company’s distributors are provided limited rights that allow them to return a portion of inventory (product exchange rights or stock rotation rights) and receive credits for changes in selling prices (price protection rights) or customer pricing arrangements under the Company’s “ship and debit” program or other targeted sales incentives. These estimates are calculated based upon historical experience, product shipment analysis, current economic conditions, on-hand inventory at the distributor, and customer contractual arrangements. The Company believes that it can reasonably and reliably estimate the allowance for distributor credits at the time of sale. Accordingly, estimates for these rights are recognized at the time of sale as a contract liability and a reduction of product revenue and as a reduction to the related accounts receivable balance.revenue.
From time to time, the Company will issue a new price book for its products, and provide a credit to certain distributors for inventory quantities on hand if required by the Company’s agreement with the distributor. This practice is known as price protection. These credits are applied against the reserve that the Company establishes upon initial shipment
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Under the ship and debit program, products are sold to distributors at negotiated prices and the distributors are required to pay for the products purchased within the Company’s standard commercial terms. Subsequent to the initial product purchase, a distributor may request a price allowance for a particular part number(s) for certain target customers, prior to the distributor reselling the particular part to that customer. If the Company approves an allowance and the distributor resells the product to the target customer, the Company credits the distributor according to the allowance the Company approved. These credits are applied against the reserve that the Company establishes upon initial shipment of product to the distributor.
In addition,The Company also has inventory consignment agreements in which revenue is recognized at a point in time, when the customer or distributor pulls product from consignment inventory that the Company runs sales incentive programs with certain distributorsstores at designated locations. Delivery and retailers, such as product rebatestransfer of control occur at that point, when title and cooperative advertising campaigns. Therisk of loss transfers and the customer or distributor becomes obligated to pay for the products pulled from inventory. Until the products are pulled for use or sale by the customer or distributor, the Company recognizes these incentives atretains control over the time they are offeredproducts’ disposition, including the right to customers and records a credit to their account with an offsetting expense as either a reduction to revenue, increase to cost of revenue,pull back or marketing expense depending onrelocate the type of sales incentive.products.
From time to time, the Company may enter into licensing arrangements related to its intellectual property. Revenue from licensing arrangements is recognized when earned and estimable. The timing of revenue recognition is dependent on the terms of each license agreement. Generally, the Company will recognize non-refundable upfront licensing fees related to patent licenses immediately upon receipt of the funds if the Company has no significant future obligations to perform under the arrangement. However, the Company will defer recognition for licensing fees where the Company has significant future performance requirements, the fee is not fixed (such as royalties earned as a percentage of future revenue), or the fees are otherwise contingent.

Leases
Accounts Receivable
For product revenue,At lease inception, the Company typically invoices its customers atdetermines an arrangement is a lease if the timecontract involves the use of shipment fora distinct identified asset, the sales order valuelessor does not have substantive substitution rights and the lessee obtains control of products shipped. Accounts receivablethe asset throughout the period by obtaining substantially all of the economic benefit of the asset and the right to direct the use of the asset. Depending on the terms, leases are recognized at the invoiced amount and are not subject to any interestclassified as either operating or finance charges.leases, if the Company is the lessee, or as operating, sales-type or direct financing leases, if the Company is the lessor. The Company does not have any off-balance sheet credit exposure related to any ofsales-type or direct financing leases. Lease agreements frequently include other services such as maintenance, electricity, security, janitorial and reception services. The Company accounts for the lease and non-lease components in its customers.
Allowance for Doubtful Accountsarrangements as a single lease component.
The Company evaluatesadopted FASB Accounting Standards Codification 842 "Leases" (ASC 842) on July 1, 2019 under the collectabilitymodified retrospective transition approach with the cumulative effect of accounts receivableapplication recognized at the effective date, without adjustment to prior comparative periods. The Company did not have a cumulative-effect adjustment to retained earnings as a result of the adoption of the new standard.
Accounting for Leases as a Lessee
Right-of-use assets represent the Company's right to use an underlying asset during the lease term and lease liabilities represent the Company's obligation to make lease payments arising from the lease. Assets and liabilities are recognized based on a combinationthe present value of factors. In cases wherelease payments over the lease term. Most leases include 1 or more options to renew, with renewal terms that can extend the lease term from one to five years or more. The exercise of the renewal option is at the Company's sole discretion and the Company becomes aware of circumstances that may impair a specific customer’s abilityconsiders these options in determining the lease term used to meetestablish its financial obligations subsequent to the original sale, theright-of-use assets and lease liabilities. The Company will recognizeremeasure its lease liability and adjust the related right-of-use asset upon the occurrence of the following: lease modifications not accounted for as a separate contract; a triggering event that changes the certainty of the lessee exercising an allowance against amounts due, and thereby reduceoption to renew or terminate the net recognized receivablelease, or purchase the underlying asset; a change to the amount probable of being owed by the Company reasonably believes will be collected. For all other customers,under a residual value guarantee; or the resolution of a contingency upon which the variable lease payments are based such that those payments become fixed.
Because most of the Company's leases do not provide an implicit rate, the Company recognizes an allowance for doubtful accountsuses its incremental borrowing rate based on the lengthinformation available at the lease commencement date in determining the present value of timelease payments. The Company would use the receivablesimplicit rate when readily determinable. Operating lease expense is generally recognized on a straight-line basis over the lease term. Finance lease assets are past duegenerally amortized over the term of the lease. If the finance lease transfers ownership of the underlying asset to the Company or the Company is reasonably certain it will exercise an option to purchase the underlying asset, the finance lease assets are amortized on a straight-line basis over the useful life of the asset. Interest expense on the finance lease liability is recognized using the effective interest rate method and considerationis presented within interest expense on the Company’s consolidated statements of other factorsoperations.
Operating leases with a lease term of 12 months or less are not recorded on the balance sheet. The Company recognizes lease expense for these leases on a straight-line basis over the lease term. Variable lease payment amounts that cannot be determined
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at the commencement of the lease, such as industry conditions,increases in lease payments based on changes in index rates, are not included in the current business environmentright-of-use assets or liabilities. These variable lease payments are expensed as incurred.
Accounting for Leases as a Lessor
In accordance with FASB ASC 842, "Leases," lease income is recognized on a straight-line basis over the lease term. Variable lease payments, if any, are recognized as income in the period received. The underlying asset in an operating lease is carried at depreciated cost and the Company’s historical experience.is included in property and equipment.
Advertising
The Company expenses the costs of producing advertisements at the time production occurs and expenses the cost of communicating the advertising in the period in which the advertising is used. Advertising costs are included in Sales,sales, general and administrative expenses in the Consolidated Statementsconsolidated statements of Lossoperations and amounted to approximately $13.0$7.5 million, $12.6$5.1 million,, and $25.6$3.8 million for the years ended June 25, 2017June 26, 20162022, June 27, 2021 and June 28, 2015,2020, respectively.
Research and Development
Research and development expenses consist primarily of employee salaries and related compensation costs, occupancy costs, consulting costs and the cost of development equipment and supplies. Research and development activities are expensed when incurred.
Loss Per Share
Basic loss per share is computed by dividing net loss attributable to controlling interest by the weighted average number of shares of common stock outstanding for the applicable period. Diluted loss per share is determined in the same manner as basic loss per share except that the number of shares is increased to assume exercise of potentially dilutive stock options, nonvested restricted stock and contingently issuable shares using the treasury stock method, unless the effect of such increases would be anti-dilutive. Under the treasury stock method, the amount the employee must pay for exercising stock options, the amount of compensation cost for future service that the Company has not yet recognized, and the amount of tax benefits that would be recognized in additional paid-in capital when the award becomes deductible are assumed to be used to repurchase shares.
Stock-Based Compensation
The Company recognizes compensation expense for all share-based payments granted based on the fair value of the shares on the date of grant. Compensation expense is then recognized over the award’s vesting period.
Fair Value of Financial Instruments
Cash and cash equivalents, short-term investments, accounts and interest receivable, accounts payable and other liabilities approximate their fair values at June 25, 2017 and June 26, 2016 due to the short-term nature of these instruments.
Taxes
Deferred tax assets and liabilities are recognized for the estimated future tax consequences attributable to differences between the carrying amounts of existing assets and liabilities and their respective tax bases. Deferred tax assets are recognized for deductible temporary differences, along with net operating loss carryforwards and credit carryforwards, if it is more likely than not that the tax benefits will be realized. To the extent a deferred tax asset cannot be recognized under the preceding criteria, valuation allowances are established. Deferred tax assets and liabilities are measured using enacted tax rates in effect for the year in which those temporary differences are expected to be recovered or settled.
Taxes payable which are not based on income are accrued ratably over the period to which they apply. For example, payroll taxes are accrued each period end based upon the amount of payroll taxes that are owed as of that date; whereas taxes such as property taxes and franchise taxes are accrued over the fiscal year to which they apply if paid at the end of a period, or they are amortized ratably over the fiscal year if they are paid in advance.

Sales Taxes
The Company presents sales taxes collected from customers and remitted to governmental authorities on a net basis (i.e. excluded from revenue and expenses).
Foreign Currency Translation
ForeignThe Company does not have operations with a functional currency other than the U.S. Dollar and therefore no foreign currency translation adjustments are recognized in Otherother comprehensive (loss) incomeloss in the Consolidated Statementsconsolidated statements of Comprehensive Loss for changes between the foreign subsidiaries’ functional currency and the United States (U.S.) dollar. Foreign currency translation gains and losses are included in the Company’s equity account balance of Accumulated other comprehensive income, net of taxes in the Consolidated Balance Sheets until such time that the subsidiaries are either sold or substantially liquidated.
Because theloss. The Company and its subsidiaries transact business in currencies other than the U.S. Dollar and as such, the Company will continue to experienceexperiences varying amounts of foreign currency exchange gains and losseslosses.
Joint Venture
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Effective July 17, 2017, the Company entered into a Shareholders Agreement with San’an Optoelectronics Co., Ltd. (San’an) and Cree Venture LED Company Limited (Cree Venture LED) pursuant to which the Company and San’an funded their contributions to Cree Venture LED and agreed upon the management and operation of Cree Venture LED. The Company contributed $5.1 million of cash for subsidiaries with U.S. dollar functional currency.a 51% ownership interest and San’an contributed $4.9 million of cash for a 49% ownership interest.
The Company's interest in Cree Venture LED was included in the LED Business Divestiture and its related activity is classified as discontinued operations.
Supplemental Cash Flow Information
Cash paid for interest was $13.1 million, $14.1 million, and $5.9 million for the fiscal years ended June 26, 2022, June 27, 2021 and June 28, 2020, respectively.
Cash paid for taxes, net of refunds received, was $4.4 million, $11.0 million and $3.6 million for the fiscal years ended June 26, 2022, June 27, 2021 and June 28, 2020, respectively.
Recently Adopted Accounting Pronouncements
None.
Recently Issued Accounting Pronouncements Pending Adoption
Revenue from Contracts with CustomersConvertible Debt Instruments
In May 2014,August 2020, FASB issued ASU 2020-06, Debt – Debt with Conversion and Other Options (Subtopic 470-20) and Derivatives and Hedging – Contracts in Entity’s Own Equity (Subtopic 815-40). This standard simplifies the Financial Accounting Standards Board (FASB) issued Accounting Standards Update (ASU) No. 2014-09: Revenue from Contracts with Customers (Topic 606). The FASB has subsequently issued multiple ASUs which amendaccounting for convertible instruments by eliminating the cash conversion and clarifythe beneficial conversion accounting models. This update also amends the guidance for the derivatives scope exception for contracts in Topic 606.an entity’s own equity. The ASU establishesupdate requires an entity to use the if-converted method for all convertible instruments in the diluted earnings per share calculation. An entity may use either a principles-basedmodified or full retrospective approach for adoption.
The Company will adopt this standard on June 27, 2022, the first day of its 2023 fiscal year, under the modified retrospective approach. The adoption is expected to result in (i) a reduction of additional paid in capital by approximately $330 million for the recombination of the equity conversion component of the convertible notes outstanding, which was initially separated and recorded in equity, (ii) an increase in the cumulative convertible note carrying value of approximately $275 million as a result of removing previously recorded debt discounts, (iii) a decrease in property, plant and equipment for previously capitalized interest of approximately $25 million and (iv) a decrease to beginning accumulated deficit as of June 27, 2022 of approximately $30 million to recognize the cumulative gain on adoption. The Company does not expect to recognize a discrete tax impact related to the opening deferred tax balances as of June 27, 2022 due to a full U.S valuation allowance.
Government Assistance
In November 2021, FASB issued ASU 2021-10, Government Assistance (Topic 832) - Disclosures by Business Entities about Government Assistance. This standard will require entities to provide annual disclosures regarding government assistance. More specifically, the amendments in the standard improve financial reporting by requiring disclosures that increase the transparency of transactions with a government accounted for by applying a grant or contribution accounting model by analogy, including (1) the types of transactions; (2) the accounting for those transactions; and (3) the effect of those transactions on an entity's financial statements. An entity can apply the amendments prospectively or retrospectively. The Company will adopt this standard on June 27, 2022, as required.
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Note 3 – Discontinued Operations
On March 1, 2021, the Company completed the LED Business Divestiture pursuant to the terms of the Asset Purchase Agreement (the LED Purchase Agreement), dated October 18, 2020, as amended. Pursuant to the LED Purchase Agreement, (i) the Company completed the sale to SMART of (a) certain equipment, inventory, intellectual property rights, contracts, and real estate comprising the Company’s former LED Products segment, (b) all of the issued and outstanding equity interests of Cree Huizhou Solid State Lighting Company Limited (Cree Huizhou), a limited liability company organized under the laws of the People’s Republic of China and an indirect wholly owned subsidiary of the Company, and (c) the Company’s ownership interest in Cree Venture LED., the Company’s joint venture with San’an Optoelectronics Co., Ltd. (collectively, the LED Business); and (ii) SMART assumed certain liabilities related to the LED Business. The Company retained certain assets used in and pre-closing liabilities associated with the former LED Products segment.
The purchase price for the LED Business consisted of (i) a payment of $50 million in cash, subject to customary adjustments, (ii) an unsecured promissory note issued to the Company by SGH in the amount of $125 million (the Purchase Price Note), (iii) the potential to receive an earn-out payment between $2.5 million and $125 million based on the revenue arisingand gross profit performance of the LED Business in the first four full fiscal quarters following the closing (the Earnout Period), also payable in the form of a unsecured promissory note of SGH (the Earnout Note), and (iv) the assumption of certain liabilities. The Purchase Price Note had a maturity date of August 15, 2023, and as explained further below, was prepaid by SGH in full pursuant to its terms, along with outstanding accrued and unpaid interest as of the payment date, in the third quarter of fiscal 2022. The Earnout Note was issued in the fourth quarter of 2022 and will mature on March 27, 2025. The Earnout Note will accrue interest at a rate of three-month LIBOR plus 3.0% with interest paid every three months. One bullet payment of principal and all accrued and unpaid interest will be payable on the maturity date of the Earnout Note. In fiscal 2021, the Company recognized a loss on sale of the LED Business of $29.1 million. The cost of selling the LED Business was $27.4 million, which was recognized throughout fiscal 2020 and 2021.
In connection with the closing of the LED Business Divestiture, the Company and CreeLED also entered into certain ancillary and related agreements, including (i) an Intellectual Property Assignment and License Agreement, which assigned to CreeLED certain intellectual property owned by the Company and its affiliates and licensed to CreeLED certain additional intellectual property owned by the Company, (ii) a Transition Services Agreement (LED TSA), (iii) a Wafer Supply and Fabrication Services Agreement (the Wafer Supply Agreement), pursuant to which the Company will supply CreeLED with certain Silicon Carbide materials and fabrication services for up to four years, and (iv) a Real Estate License Agreement (LED RELA), which will allow CreeLED to use certain premises owned by the Company to conduct the LED Business for a period of up to 24 months after closing.
In the third quarter of fiscal 2022, the Company received an early payment for the Purchase Price Note. The principal amount of $125.0 million was paid in full, along with outstanding accrued interest as of the payment date (the Early Payment). In conjunction with the Early Payment, the Company transferred naming rights and trademarks related to Cree, Inc. and the CREE brand to SMART (the Trademark Transfer), resulting in a write-off of trademarks of $1.1 million and recorded within (gain) loss on disposal or impairment of other assets in the consolidated statements of operations.
Because the Early Payment did not include additional consideration in exchange for the Trademark Transfer, the Company allocated consideration from contractsthe principal amount to the value of the trademarks transferred to SMART. The Company allocated $1.8 million of the Early Payment to the value of trademarks transferred to SMART, resulting in a gain recorded in (gain) loss on disposal or impairment of other assets in the consolidated statements of operations. The remaining unallocated portion of the Early Payment of $123.2 million was then applied to the note receivable balance of $124.4 million at the time of payment, resulting in a loss of $1.2 million recorded in non-operating expense, net on the consolidated statements of operations. The net impact to the consolidated statements of operations from the Early Payment was a loss of $0.5 million.
In the fourth quarter of fiscal 2022, the Company received the Earnout Note with customersa principal amount of $101.8 million. As a result, the Company recorded a net gain of $94.2 million within discontinued operations, net in the consolidated statements of operations for fiscal year ended June 26, 2022. The gain recorded is net of $3.9 million in taxes and supersedes existing revenue recognition guidance. $1.2 million in transaction fees. Additionally, the amount is less a previously recorded gain of $2.5 million, which was recorded in fiscal 2021 as part of the total loss on sale to account for the minimum amount of the Earnout Note.
In addition to the $94.2 million net gain from discontinued operations recognized in fiscal year ended June 26, 2022 as a result of receiving the Earnout Note, the following table presents the financial results of the LED Business as (loss) income from
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discontinued operations, net of income taxes in the Company's consolidated statements of operations for the fiscal years ended June 27, 2021 and June 28, 2020:
Fiscal Years Ended
(in millions of U.S. Dollars)June 27, 2021June 28, 2020
Revenue, net$272.8 $433.2 
Cost of revenue, net213.3 343.4 
Gross profit59.5 89.8 
Operating expenses:
Research and development22.3 32.2 
Sales, general and administrative29.4 29.7 
Goodwill impairment112.6 — 
Impairment on assets held for sale19.5 — 
Gain on disposal or impairment of long-lived assets(1.6)(0.1)
Other operating expense18.7 13.3 
Operating (loss) income(141.4)14.7 
Non-operating income(0.3)(0.5)
(Loss) income before income taxes and loss on sale(141.1)15.2 
Loss on sale29.1 — 
(Loss) income before income taxes(170.2)15.2 
Income tax expense11.0 8.2 
Net (loss) income(181.2)7.0 
Net income attributable to noncontrolling interest1.4 1.1 
Net (loss) income attributable to controlling interest($182.6)$5.9 
As of September 27, 2020, the Company determined it would more likely than not sell all or a portion of the assets comprising the LED Products segment below carrying value. As a result, the Company recorded an impairment to goodwill of $105.7 million.
As of December 27, 2020, the Company recorded an additional impairment to goodwill of $6.9 million and an impairment to assets held for sale associated with the LED Business Divestiture of $19.5 million.
For the fiscal years ended June 26, 2022, June 27, 2021 and June 28, 2020, the Company recognized $3.9 million, $11.0 million and $8.2 million, respectively, of income tax expense related to discontinued operations, which primarily related to the foreign operations of the LED Business. Income tax expense related to discontinued operations for the fiscal year ended June 26, 2022 and June 27, 2021 includes $2.4 million and $4.1 million, respectively, of income tax expense related to the sale of the issued and outstanding equity interests of Cree Huizhou in the third quarter of fiscal 2021.
The ASU provides that an entity should applyincome tax impact of the U.S. operations of the LED Business for all periods presented were offset with a valuation allowance as described in Note 14, "Income Taxes."
For the fiscal years ended June 26, 2022 and June 27, 2021, the Company recognized $3.6 million and $1.2 million in administrative fees related to the LED RELA, respectively, of which $0.3 million are included in accounts receivable, net in the consolidated balance sheets as of June 26, 2022. Fees related to the LED RELA were recorded as lease income. See Note 5, "Leases" below for additional information.
For the fiscal years ended June 26, 2022 and June 27, 2021, the Company recognized $9.2 million and $4.0 million in administrative fees related to the LED TSA, respectively, of which $0.6 million are included in accounts receivable, net in the consolidated balance sheets as of June 26, 2022. Fees related to the LED TSA were recorded as a reduction in expense within the line item in the consolidated statements of operations in which costs were incurred.
At the inception of the Wafer Supply Agreement, the Company recorded a supply agreement liability of $31.0 million, of which $6.4 million was outstanding as of June 26, 2022. The supply agreement liability is recognized in other current liabilities on the consolidated balance sheets.
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The Company recognized a net loss of $0.8 million and $0.8 million in non-operating expense, net for the fiscal years ended June 26, 2022 and June 27, 2021, respectively, related to the Wafer Supply Agreement. A receivable of $2.7 million was included in other assets in the consolidated balance sheets as of June 26, 2022.
Note 4 – Revenue Recognition
The Company follows a five-step approach for recognizing revenue, includingconsisting of the following: (1) identify the contract with a customer; (2) identify the performance obligations in the contract; (3) determine the transaction price; (4) allocate the transaction price to the performance obligations in the contract; and (5) recognize revenue when, or as, the entity satisfies a performance obligation. Also,
Contract liabilities primarily include various rights of return and customer deposits, as well as a reserve on the entity must provide various disclosures concerningCompany's "ship and debit" program. Contract liabilities were $47.8 million and $45.2 million as of June 26, 2022 and June 27, 2021, respectively. The increase was primarily due to increased reserves on the nature, amountCompany's "ship and timingdebit" program, partially offset by decreased customer deposits. Contract liabilities are recorded within accrued contract liabilities and other long-term liabilities on the consolidated balance sheets.
Practical Expedients and Exemptions
The Company does not disclose the value of unsatisfied performance obligations for contracts with an original expected length of one year or less.
Incidental contract costs that are not material in context of the delivery of products are expensed as incurred. Sales commissions are expensed when the amortization period is less than one year. Contract assets, such as costs to obtain or fulfill contracts, are an insignificant component of the Company’s revenue recognition process. The majority of the Company’s fulfillment costs as a manufacturer consist of inventory, fixed assets, and intangible assets, all of which are accounted for under the respective guidance for those asset types.
The Company’s accounts receivable balance represents the Company’s unconditional right to receive consideration from its customers with contracts. Payments are typically due within 30 days of the completion of the performance obligation and invoicing, and therefore do not contain significant financing components.
Sales tax, value-added tax, and other taxes the Company collects concurrent with revenue-producing activities are excluded from revenue, and shipping and handling costs are treated as fulfillment activities and are included in cost of revenue in the Company’s consolidated statements of operations.
For the fiscal years ended June 26, 2022 and cash flows arising from contracts with customers. The Company’s evaluation of ASU 2014-09 is ongoing and not complete; however,June 27, 2021, the Company anticipatesdid not recognize any material revenue that was included in contract liabilities at the primary changesstart of each respective fiscal year.
Geographic Information
The Company conducts business in several geographic areas. Revenue is attributed to a particular geographic region based on the shipping address for the products. Disaggregated revenue recognitionfrom external customers by geographic area is as follows:
 For the Years Ended
 June 26, 2022June 27, 2021June 28, 2020
(in millions of U.S. Dollars)Revenue% of RevenueRevenue% of RevenueRevenue% of Revenue
Europe$260.4 34.9 %$188.9 35.9 %$171.4 36.4 %
China211.2 28.3 %100.1 19.0 %65.0 13.8 %
United States142.7 19.1 %117.3 22.3 %106.5 22.6 %
Japan30.5 4.1 %42.5 8.1 %52.1 11.1 %
South Korea22.4 3.0 %32.1 6.1 %47.7 10.1 %
Other79.0 10.6 %44.7 8.6 %28.0 6.0 %
Total$746.2 $525.6 $470.7 
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Note 5 – Leases
The Company primarily leases manufacturing and office space. The Company also has a number of bulk gas leases. Lease agreements frequently include renewal provisions and require the Company to bepay real estate taxes, insurance and maintenance costs. Variable costs include lease payments that were volume or usage-driven in accordance with the use of the underlying asset, as well as non-lease components incurred with respect to actual terms rather than contractually fixed amounts. For details on the Company's lease policies, see the significant accounting policy disclosures in Note 2, “Basis of Presentation and Summary of Significant Accounting Policies."
The Company's finance lease obligations primarily relate to contract manufacturing space in Malaysia and a 49-year ground lease on the Company's Silicon Carbide device fabrication facility in New York.
Balance Sheet
Lease assets and liabilities and the corresponding balance sheet classifications are as follows (in millions of U.S. Dollars):
Operating Leases:June 26, 2022June 27, 2021
Right-of-use asset (1)
$48.5 $12.1 
Current lease liability (2)
4.6 4.5 
Non-current lease liability (3)
43.6 7.5 
Total operating lease liabilities48.2 12.0 
Finance Leases:
Finance lease assets (4)
$10.3 $15.5 
Current portion of finance lease liabilities0.5 5.2 
Finance lease liabilities, less current portion9.6 10.0 
Total finance lease liabilities10.1 15.2 
(1) Within other assets on the consolidated balance sheets.
(2) Within other current liabilities on the consolidated balance sheets.
(3) Within other long-term liabilities on the consolidated balance sheets.
(4) Within property and equipment, net on the consolidated balance sheets.
Statement of Operations
Operating lease expense was $8.1 million, $5.5 million and $5.4 million in fiscal 2022, 2021 and 2020, respectively.
Short-term lease expense was $0.8 million in fiscal 2022. In fiscal 2021 and 2020, short-term lease expense was immaterial.
Finance lease amortization was $1.2 million, $1.0 million and $0.7 million, and interest expense was $0.3 million, $0.3 million and $0.2 million, in fiscal 2022, 2021 and 2020, respectively.
Cash Flows
Cash flow information consisted of the following (1):
Fiscal Years Ended
(in millions of U.S. Dollars)June 26, 2022June 27, 2021June 28, 2020
Cash used in operating activities:
Cash paid for operating leases$8.1 $5.7 $5.5 
Cash paid for interest portion of financing leases0.3 0.3 0.1 
Cash used in financing activities:
Cash paid for principal portion of finance leases0.5 0.4 0.8 
(1) See Note 6, "Financial Statement Details," for non-cash activities related to leases.
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Lease Liability Maturities
Maturities of operating and finance lease liabilities as of June 26, 2022 were as follows (in millions of U.S. Dollars):
Fiscal Year EndingOperating LeasesFinance LeasesTotal
June 25, 2023$5.5 $0.7 $6.2 
June 30, 20247.3 0.7 8.0 
June 29, 20257.9 0.7 8.6 
June 28, 20267.8 0.7 8.5 
June 27, 20276.8 0.4 7.2 
Thereafter53.8 14.2 68.0 
Total lease payments89.1 17.4 106.5 
Future tenant improvement allowances(19.0)— (19.0)
Imputed lease interest(21.9)(7.3)(29.2)
Total lease liabilities$48.2 $10.1 $58.3 
Supplemental Disclosures
Operating LeasesFinance Leases
Weighted average remaining lease term (in months) (1)
134562
Weighted average discount rate (2)
4.22 %2.68 %
(1) Weighted average remaining lease term of finance leases without the 49-year ground lease is 51 months.
(2) Weighted average discount rate of finance leases without the 49-year ground lease is 3.33%.
Lease Income
As mentioned in Note 3, "Discontinued Operations," on March 1, 2021 and in connection with the LED Business Divestiture, the Company entered into the LED RELA pursuant to which the Company leases to CreeLED approximately 58,000 square feet of the Company’s property and certain patent license arrangements.facilities in Durham, North Carolina for a total of $3.6 million per year. The FASB has issuedlease term is 24 months and may issueexpires on February 28, 2023. Subject to certain provisions in the LED RELA, CreeLED may terminate its rights or a portion of its rights under the agreement at any time with sixty days written notice. A notice of thirty days is permitted under certain circumstances as defined in the agreement. The agreement does not contain any renewal provisions.
The Company recognized lease income of $3.6 million and $1.2 million for the fiscal years ended June 26, 2022 and June 27, 2021, respectively. The Company did not recognize any variable lease income for the fiscal year ended June 28, 2020.
Total future interpretive guidance,minimum rental income relating to the LED RELA is $2.4 million, all of which may cause our evaluationis expected to change. The effective date will beoccur in the first quarter of the Company's fiscal year ending June 30, 2019 and the Company currently expects to use the modified retrospective method.25, 2023.
Leases
In February 2016, the FASB issued ASU No. 2016-02: Leases (Topic 842). The ASU requires that a lessee recognize in its statement of financial position a liability to make lease payments (the lease liability) and a right-of-use asset representing its right to use the underlying asset for the lease term. The asset will be based on the liability, subject to adjustment, such as for initial direct costs. For leases with a term of 12 months or less, a lessee is permitted to make an accounting policy election by class of underlying asset not to recognize lease assets and lease liabilities. For income statement purposes, leases are still required to be classified as either operating or finance. Operating leases will result in straight-line expense while finance leases will result in a front-loaded expense pattern. The effective date will be the first quarter of the Company's fiscal year ending June 28, 2020, using a modified retrospective approach. The Company is currently analyzing the impact of this new pronouncement.
Stock Compensation
In March 2016, the FASB issued ASU No. 2016-09: Compensation-Stock Compensation (Topic 718): Improvements to Employee Share-Based Payment Accounting.  The ASU simplifies the current stock compensation guidance for tax consequences.  The ASU requires an entity to recognize all excess tax benefits and tax deficiencies as income tax expense or benefit in its income statement.  The ASU also eliminates the requirement to defer recognition of an excess tax benefit until the benefit is realized through a reduction to taxes payable. For cash flows statement purposes, excess tax benefits should be classified as an operating activity and cash payments made to taxing authorities on the employee’s behalf for withheld shares should be classified as financing activity.  The effective date will be the first quarter of the Company's fiscal year ending June 24, 2018. The Company's adoption of this ASU is not expected to impact its consolidated financial statements.

Goodwill Impairment Testing
In January 2017, the FASB issued ASU No. 2017-04: Intangibles-Goodwill and Other (Topic 350): Simplifying the Test for Goodwill Impairment. The ASU simplifies the manner in which an entity is required to test for goodwill impairment by eliminating Step 2 from the goodwill impairment test. Additionally, the ASU removes the requirement for any reporting unit with a zero or negative carrying amount to perform a qualitative assessment and, if it fails such qualitative test, to perform Step 2 of the goodwill impairment test. The effective date will be the first quarter of the Company's fiscal year ending June 27, 2021. The Company’s adoption of this guidance is not expected to have a significant impact on its consolidated financial statements.
Note 3 – Acquisition
On July 8, 2015, the Company closed on the acquisition of Arkansas Power Electronics International, Inc. (APEI), a global leader in power modules and power electronics applications, pursuant to a merger agreement with APEI and certain shareholders of APEI, whereby the Company acquired all of the outstanding share capital of APEI in exchange for a base purchase price of $13.8 million, subject to certain adjustments.  In addition, if certain goals are achieved over the subsequent two years, additional cash payments totaling up to $4.6 million may be made to the former APEI shareholders.  Payments totaling $2.8 million were made to the former APEI shareholders in July 2016 based on achievement of the first year goals. Payments totaling $1.8 million were made to the former APEI shareholders in July 2017 based on achievement of the second year goals. In connection with this acquisition, APEI became a wholly owned subsidiary of the Company, renamed Cree Fayetteville, Inc. (Cree Fayetteville).  Cree Fayetteville is not considered a significant subsidiary of the Company and its results from operations are reported as part of the Company's Wolfspeed segment.

The total purchase price for this acquisition was as follows (in thousands):
Cash consideration paid to shareholders
$13,797
Post closing adjustments181
Contingent consideration4,625
Total purchase price
$18,603
The purchase price for this acquisition has been allocated to the assets acquired and liabilities assumed based on their estimated fair values as follows (in thousands):
Tangible assets:
Cash and cash equivalents
$1,284
Accounts receivable1,006
Inventories143
Property and equipment935
Other assets270
Total tangible assets3,638
Intangible assets:
Patents40
Customer relationships4,500
Developed technology
11,403
In-process research & development7,565
Non-compete agreements231
Goodwill2,483
Total intangible assets26,222
Liabilities assumed:
Accounts payable55
Accrued expenses and liabilities1,911
Other long-term liabilities9,291
Total liabilities assumed11,257
Net assets acquired
$18,603
The identifiable intangible assets acquired as a result of the acquisition will be amortized over their respective estimated useful lives as follows (in thousands, except for years):
 Asset Amount Estimated Life in Years
Patents
$40
 20
Customer relationships4,500
 4
Developed technology
11,403
 10
In-process research and development1
7,565
 7
Non-compete agreements231
 3
Total identifiable intangible assets
$23,739
  
(1) In-process research and development (IPR&D) is initially classified as indefinite-lived assets and tested for impairment at least annually or when indications of potential impairment exist. The IPR&D was completed in January 2016.
Goodwill largely consists of expansion of product offerings of power modules and power electronics applications, manufacturing and other synergies of the combined companies, and the value of the assembled workforce.
The assets, liabilities and operating results of APEI have been included in the Company's consolidated financial statements from the date of acquisition and are not significant to the Company as a whole.

Note 46 – Financial Statement Details
Accounts Receivable, net
The following table summarizes the components of accountsAccounts receivable, net (in thousands): consisted of the following:
(in millions of U.S. Dollars)June 26, 2022June 27, 2021
Billed trade receivables$148.0 $95.6 
Unbilled contract receivables2.7 0.6 
Royalties0.7 0.5 
151.4 96.7 
Allowance for bad debts(1.2)(0.8)
Accounts receivable, net$150.2 $95.9 
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 June 25,
2017
 June 26,
2016
Billed trade receivables
$205,516
 
$217,691
Unbilled contract receivables912
 2,135
 206,428
 219,826
Allowance for sales returns, discounts and other incentives(49,425) (48,710)
Allowance for bad debts(8,611) (5,505)
Accounts receivable, net
$148,392
 
$165,611
The following table summarizes the changes in the Company’s allowance for sales returns, discounts and other incentives (in thousands):
 Fiscal Years Ended
 June 25,
2017
 June 26,
2016
 June 28,
2015
Balance at beginning of period
$48,710
 
$58,094
 
$29,010
Current period claims(191,325) (163,523) (148,715)
Provision for sales returns, discounts and other incentives192,040
 154,139
 177,799
Balance at end of period
$49,425
 
$48,710
 
$58,094
The following table summarizes the changesChanges in the Company’s allowance for bad debts (in thousands):were as follows:
Fiscal Years Ended
Fiscal Years Ended
June 25,
2017
 June 26,
2016
 June 28,
2015
(in millions of U.S. Dollars)(in millions of U.S. Dollars)June 26, 2022June 27, 2021June 28, 2020
Balance at beginning of period
$5,505
 
$4,941
 
$2,761
Balance at beginning of period$0.8 $0.7 $0.2 
Current period provision3,541
 564
 2,184
Current period provision changeCurrent period provision change0.4 0.1 0.6 
Write-offs, net of recoveries(435) 
 (4)Write-offs, net of recoveries— — (0.1)
Balance at end of period
$8,611
 
$5,505
 
$4,941
Balance at end of period$1.2 $0.8 $0.7 
Inventories
The following table summarizesInventories consisted of the componentsfollowing:
(in millions of U.S. Dollars)June 26, 2022June 27, 2021
Raw material$60.2 $43.3 
Work-in-progress135.9 109.5 
Finished goods30.9 13.8 
Inventories$227.0 $166.6 
Other Current Assets
Other current assets consisted of inventories (in thousands):the following:
 June 25,
2017
 June 26,
2016
Raw material
$73,410
 
$83,299
Work-in-progress100,402
 96,779
Finished goods110,573
 123,464
Inventories
$284,385
 
$303,542

(in millions of U.S. Dollars)June 26, 2022June 27, 2021
Reimbursement receivable on long-term incentive agreement$132.5 $4.6 
Accrued interest receivable5.9 5.5 
Receivable on the Wafer Supply Agreement2.7 7.0 
Inventory related to the Wafer Supply Agreement3.9 3.9 
Deferred product costs2.5 1.8 
Other3.9 5.1 
Other current assets$151.4 $27.9 
Property and Equipment, net
The following table summarizes the components of propertyProperty and equipment, net (in thousands):consisted of the following:
(in millions of U.S. Dollars)June 26, 2022June 27, 2021
Machinery and equipment$1,167.3 $988.6 
Land and buildings407.4 383.9 
Computer hardware/software61.9 51.5 
Furniture and fixtures8.0 8.0 
Leasehold improvements and other11.0 9.6 
Vehicles0.6 0.7 
Finance lease assets10.3 15.5 
Construction in progress802.3 767.8 
Property and equipment, gross2,468.8 2,225.6 
Accumulated depreciation(987.7)(933.3)
Property and equipment, net$1,481.1 $1,292.3 
 June 25,
2017
 June 26,
2016
Furniture and fixtures
$14,567
 
$14,280
Land and buildings399,305
 386,573
Machinery and equipment1,185,119
 1,126,936
Aircraft and vehicles11,138
 10,455
Computer hardware/software46,677
 44,095
Leasehold improvements and other6,972
 6,497
Construction in progress162,450
 150,114
 1,826,228
 1,738,950
Accumulated depreciation(1,244,965) (1,139,227)
Property and equipment, net
$581,263
 
$599,723
Depreciation of property and equipment totaled $110.7$100.4 million, $118.8$100.5 million and $136.3$76.7 million for the years ended June 25, 2017June 26, 20162022, June 27, 2021 and June 28, 2015,2020, respectively.
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Table of Contents
During the years ended June 25, 2017June 26, 20162022, June 27, 2021 and June 28, 2015,2020, the Company recognized approximately $1.3$1.0 million, $10.3$4.3 million and $44.3$3.3 million,, respectively, as losses on disposals or impairments of property and equipment. Theseequipment of which $1.3 million, $3.4 million and $3.0 million are related to the Company's factory optimization plan and are reflected in other operating expense for the years ended June 26, 2022, June 27, 2021 and June 28, 2020, respectively. The remaining amount of these charges are reflected in Lossloss on disposal or impairment of long-livedother assets in the Consolidated Statementsconsolidated statements of Loss.operations.
In the fourth quarter of fiscal 2021, the Company modified its long-range plan regarding a portion of its Durham, North Carolina campus. As a result, the Company has decided it will no longer complete the construction of certain buildings on the Durham campus. The carrying value of the abandoned assets has been reduced to an estimated salvage value of approximately $20.0 million as of June 26, 2022 and June 27, 2021.
The majority of the Company's property and equipment, net is in the United States. As of June 26, 2022 and June 27, 2021, the Company held $58.6 million and $34.2 million of property and equipment, net outside of the United States, primarily related to assets held at contract manufacturing space in Malaysia.
Accounts Payable and Accrued Expenses
Accounts payable and accrued expenses consisted of the following:
(in millions of U.S. Dollars)June 26, 2022June 27, 2021
Accounts payable, trade$57.8 $44.2 
Accrued salaries and wages80.6 69.5 
Accrued property and equipment132.1 248.3 
Accrued expenses30.7 17.4 
Other6.5 1.7 
Accounts payable and accrued expenses$307.7 $381.1 
Other Current LiabilitiesOperating Expense
The following table summarizes the components of other current liabilities (in thousands):operating expense:
Fiscal Years Ended
(in millions of U.S. Dollars)June 26, 2022June 27, 2021June 28, 2020
Factory optimization restructuring$6.1 $7.6 $8.5 
Severance and other restructuring1.2 3.4 0.6 
Total restructuring costs7.3 11.0 9.1 
Project, transformation and transaction costs6.6 7.3 12.2 
Factory start-up costs70.0 8.0 9.5 
Non-restructuring related executive severance— 2.8 2.1 
Other operating expense$83.9 $29.1 $32.9 
See Note 18, "Restructuring" for more details on the Company's restructuring costs.
68

 June 25,
2017
 June 26,
2016
Accrued taxes
$11,148
 
$12,720
Accrued professional fees5,545
 7,980
Accrued warranty13,631
 20,207
Accrued other6,654
 5,164
Other current liabilities
$36,978
 
$46,071
Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income, netTable of taxesContents
The following table summarizes the components of accumulated other comprehensive income, net of taxes (in thousands):
 June 25,
2017
 June 26,
2016
Currency translation gain
$4,471
 
$4,624
Net unrealized (loss) gain on available-for-sale securities1,438
 4,104
Accumulated other comprehensive income, net of taxes
$5,909
 
$8,728

Non-Operating Income (Expense)Expense (Income), net
The following table summarizes the components of non-operating (expense)expense (income), net:
Fiscal Years Ended
(in millions of U.S. Dollars)June 26, 2022June 27, 2021June 28, 2020
Gain on sale of investments, net($0.3)($0.4)($1.5)
Gain on equity investment— (8.3)(14.2)
Loss (gain) on debt extinguishment24.8 — (11.0)
Gain on arbitration proceedings— — (7.9)
Interest income(11.8)(10.1)(16.3)
Interest expense25.1 45.4 34.9 
Other, net0.5 (0.3)(2.5)
Non-operating expense (income), net$38.3 $26.3 ($18.5)
Accumulated Other Comprehensive (Loss) Income, net of taxes
Accumulated other comprehensive (loss) income, net (in thousands):
 Fiscal Years Ended
 June 25,
2017
 June 26,
2016
 June 28,
2015
Gain on sale of investments, net
$93
 
$238
 
$925
Gain (loss) on equity investment7,543
 (15,357) (22,624)
Dividends from equity investment16
 1,655
 2,581
Interest income, net3,696
 4,472
 9,086
Foreign currency gain (loss), net2,460
 (4,500) (929)
Other, net200
 457
 572
Non-operating income (expense), net
$14,008
 
($13,035) 
($10,389)
of taxes, consisted of $25.3 million of net unrealized losses on available-for-sale securities and $2.7 million of net unrealized gains on available-for-sale securities as of June 26, 2022 and June 27, 2021, respectively. Amounts for both periods include a $2.4 million loss related to tax on unrealized loss on available-for-sale securities.
Reclassifications Out of Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income net of taxes
The following table summarizesCompany reclassified a net gain of $0.3 million, $0.4 million and $1.5 million on available for sale securities out of accumulated other comprehensive income for the amountsfiscal years ended June 26, 2022, June 27, 2021, and June 28, 2020, respectively. For the fiscal year ended June 28, 2020, an additional net gain of $0.5 million was reclassified to net (loss) income from discontinued operations on the consolidated statements of operations. There was no tax impact on any reclassifications due to a full valuation allowance on U.S. operations. Amounts were reclassified to non-operating expense (income), net on the consolidated statements of operations.
Additionally, in fiscal 2021, $9.5 million of currency translation gain related to the former LED Products segment was reclassified out of accumulated other comprehensive income and recognized in the consolidated statements of operations as part of the loss on sale of discontinued operations.
Statements of Cash Flows - non-cash activities
Fiscal Years Ended
June 26, 2022June 27, 2021June 28, 2020
Lease asset and liability additions (1)
$39.0 $7.9 $28.3 
Lease asset and liability modifications, net8.6 1.7 4.8 
Transfer of finance lease liability to accounts payable and accrued expenses (2)
— 4.2 — 
Receivables for property, plant and equipment related insurance proceeds— 1.9 — 
Settlement of 2023 Notes in shares of common stock (3)
416.1 — — 
Decrease in property, plant and equipment from long-term incentive related receivables119.0 16.4 — 
Accrued property and equipment as of the fiscal year end date132.1 248.3 79.4 
(1) $11.0 million of the lease asset and liability additions for the year ended June 28, 2020 related to the increase of right-of-use assets and matching lease liabilities as a result of adopting ASC 842.
(2) In the first quarter of fiscal 2021, the Company executed the available bargain purchase option for certain finance leases relating to property and equipment, net, in order to purchase the assets.
(3) As discussed further in Note 10, "Long-term Debt," in the second quarter of taxes (in thousands):fiscal 2022, all outstanding 0.875% convertible senior notes due September 1, 2023 (the 2023 Notes) were surrendered for conversion, resulting in the settlement of all outstanding 2023 Notes in shares, with fractional shares paid in cash.
69
Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income Component Amount Reclassified from Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income Affected Line Item in the Consolidated Statements of Loss
  Fiscal Years Ended  
  June 25,
2017
 June 26,
2016
 June 28,
2015
  
Net unrealized gain on available-for-sale securities, net of taxes 
$93
 
$238
 
$925
 Non-operating income (expense), net
  93
 238
 925
 Loss before income taxes
  
 20
 210
 Income tax expense (benefit)
  
$93
 
$218
 
$715
 Net loss

Table of Contents
Note 57 – Investments
Investments consist of municipal bonds, corporate bonds, U.S. agency securities, U.S. treasury securities, commercial paper, and certificates of deposit.deposit, and variable rate demand notes. All short-term investments are classified as available-for-sale. OtherThe Company did not have any long-term investments as of June 26, 2022 and June 27, 2021.
Short-term investments as of June 26, 2022 consist of the Company's ownership interest in Lextar.following:
The following table summarizes short-term investments (in thousands):
 June 25, 2017
 
Amortized
Cost
 
Gross
Unrealized
Gains
 
Gross
Unrealized
Losses
 
Estimated
Fair Value
Municipal bonds
$177,890
 
$2,219
 
($68) 
$180,041
Corporate bonds175,991
 1,925
 (195) 177,721
Non-U.S. certificates of deposit120,379
 
 
 120,379
U.S. certificates of deposit
 
 
 
Commercial paper200
 
 
 200
Total short-term investments
$474,460
 
$4,144
 
($263) 
$478,341

The following table presents the gross unrealized losses and estimated fair value of the Company’s short-term investments, aggregated by investment type and the length of time that individual securities have been in a continuous unrealized loss position (in thousands, except numbers of securities):
 June 25, 2017
 Less than 12 Months Greater than 12 Months Total
 Fair Value 
Unrealized
Loss
 Fair Value 
Unrealized
Loss
 Fair Value 
Unrealized
Loss
Municipal bonds
$26,816
 
($68) 
$—
 
$—
 
$26,816
 
($68)
Corporate bonds57,404
 (195) 
 
 57,404
 (195)
Total
$84,220
 
($263) 
$—
 
$—
 
$84,220
 
($263)
Number of securities with an unrealized loss  67
   
   67
The following table summarizes short-term investments (in thousands):
June 26, 2022
(in millions of U.S. Dollars)(in millions of U.S. Dollars)Amortized CostGross Unrealized GainsGross Unrealized LossesEstimated Fair Value
Municipal bondsMunicipal bonds$166.5 $0.1 ($4.4)$162.2 
Corporate bondsCorporate bonds465.8 — (17.8)448.0 
U.S. agency securitiesU.S. agency securities4.0 — (0.1)3.9 
U.S. treasury securitiesU.S. treasury securities66.5 — (0.7)65.8 
June 26, 2016
Variable rate demand notesVariable rate demand notes69.4 — — 69.4 
Amortized
Cost
 
Gross
Unrealized
Gains
 
Gross
Unrealized
Losses
 
Estimated
Fair Value
Municipal bonds
$186,893
 
$3,562
 
($15) 
$190,440
Corporate bonds165,766
 3,074
 (73) 168,767
Non-U.S. certificates of deposit73,127
 
 
 73,127
U.S. certificates of deposit3,500
 
 
 3,500
Commercial paper3,317
 
 
 3,317
Total short-term investments
$432,603
 
$6,636
 
($88) 
$439,151
Total short-term investments$772.2 $0.1 ($23.0)$749.3 
The following table presents the gross unrealized losses and estimated fair value of the Company’s short-term investments, aggregated by investment type and the length of time that individual securities have been in a continuous unrealized loss position (in thousands, except numbersposition:
 June 26, 2022
 Less than 12 MonthsGreater than 12 MonthsTotal
(in millions of U.S. Dollars)Fair ValueUnrealized LossFair ValueUnrealized LossFair ValueUnrealized Loss
Municipal bonds$150.0 ($4.4)$1.0 $— $151.0 ($4.4)
Corporate bonds431.1 (17.4)8.3 (0.4)439.4 (17.8)
U.S. agency securities3.9 (0.1)— — 3.9 (0.1)
U.S. treasury securities65.8 (0.7)— — 65.8 (0.7)
Total$650.8 ($22.6)$9.3 ($0.4)$660.1 ($23.0)
Number of securities with an unrealized loss346 351 
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Table of securities):
 June 26, 2016
 Less than 12 Months Greater than 12 Months Total
 Fair Value 
Unrealized
Loss
 Fair Value 
Unrealized
Loss
 Fair Value 
Unrealized
Loss
Municipal bonds
$2,936
 
($9) 
$3,535
 
($6) 
$6,471
 
($15)
Corporate bonds27,578
 (73) 
 
 27,578
 (73)
Total
$30,514
 
($82) 
$3,535
 
($6) 
$34,049
 
($88)
Number of securities with an unrealized loss  22
   3
   25
Short-term investments as of June 27, 2021 consist of the following:
 June 27, 2021
(in millions of U.S. Dollars)Amortized CostGross Unrealized GainsGross Unrealized LossesEstimated Fair Value
Municipal bonds139.4 1.9 — 141.3 
Corporate bonds456.5 3.3 (0.3)459.5 
U.S. agency securities15.8 — — 15.8 
U.S. treasury securities72.3 0.3 (0.1)72.5 
Certificates of deposit16.5 — — 16.5 
Commercial paper50.0 — — 50.0 
Variable rate demand notes20.0 — — 20.0 
Total short-term investments770.5 5.5 (0.4)775.6 
The following table presents the gross unrealized losses and estimated fair value of the Company’s short-term investments, aggregated by investment type and the length of time that individual securities have been in a continuous unrealized loss position:
 June 27, 2021
 Less than 12 MonthsGreater than 12 MonthsTotal
(in millions of U.S. Dollars)Fair ValueUnrealized LossFair ValueUnrealized LossFair ValueUnrealized Loss
Municipal bonds$13.4 $— $— $— $13.4 $— 
Corporate bonds133.8 (0.3)— — 133.8 (0.3)
U.S. agency securities10.7 — — — 10.7 — 
U.S. treasury securities47.9 (0.1)— — 47.9 (0.1)
Certificates of deposit0.7 — — — 0.7 — 
Total$206.5 ($0.4)$— $— $206.5 ($0.4)
Number of securities with an unrealized loss128 — 128 
Additionally, the Company held cash equivalent securities in unrealized loss positions as of June 26, 2022 and June 27, 2021. As of June 26, 2022, the Company held 6 cash equivalent securities in unrealized loss positions with an aggregate fair value of $69.0 million and an aggregate unrealized loss of less than $0.1 million. As of June 27, 2021, the Company held 6 cash equivalent securities in unrealized loss positions with an aggregate fair value of $21.4 million and an aggregate unrealized loss of less than $0.1 million. All cash equivalents in unrealized loss positions as of June 26, 2022 and June 27, 2021 have been in unrealized loss positions for less than 12 months.
The Company does not include accrued interest in estimated fair values of short-term investments and does not record an allowance for credit losses on receivables related to accrued interest. Accrued interest receivable was $5.9 million and $5.5 million as of June 26, 2022 and June 27, 2021, respectively, and is recorded in other current assets on the consolidated balance sheets. When necessary, write-offs of noncollectable interest income are recorded as a reversal to interest income. There were no write-offs of noncollectable interest income for the years ended June 26, 2022 and June 27, 2021.
The Company utilizes specific identification in computing realized gains and losses on the sale of investments. Realized gains on the sale of investments for the fiscal year ended June 25, 2017 of $93 thousand wereand losses are included in Non-operating income (expense)non-operating expense (income), net in the Consolidated Statementsconsolidated statements of Loss and unrealizedoperations. Unrealized gains and losses are included as a separate component of equity, net of tax, unless the lossCompany determines there is determined to be other-than-temporary.an expected credit loss.
The Company evaluates its investments for possible impairment or a decline in fair value below cost basis thatexpected credit losses. The Company believes it is deemedable to be other-than-temporary on a periodic basis. It considers such factors as the length of time and extentintends to which the fair value has been below the cost basis, the financial conditionhold each of the investee, and its ability and intent to holdinvestments held with an unrealized loss as of June 26, 2022 until the investment for a period of time that may be sufficient for an anticipated full recoveryinvestments fully recover in market value. Accordingly, the Company considered declines in its investments to be temporary in nature, and did not consider its investments to be impairedNo allowance for credit losses was recorded as of June 25, 2017 and June 26, 2016.2022.

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The contractual maturities of short-term investments at June 25, 201726, 2022 were as follows (in thousands):follows:
(in millions of U.S. Dollars)Within One YearAfter One, Within Five YearsAfter Five, Within Ten YearsAfter Ten YearsTotal
Municipal bonds$40.3 $121.9 $— $— $162.2 
Corporate bonds116.2 331.8 — — 448.0 
U.S. agency securities2.0 1.9 — — 3.9 
U.S. treasury securities34.4 31.4 — — 65.8 
Variable rate demand notes— — 14.7 54.7 69.4 
Total short-term investments$192.9 $487.0 $14.7 $54.7 $749.3 

 
Within One
Year
 
After One,
Within Five
Years
 
After Five,
Within Ten
Years
 
After Ten
Years
 Total
Municipal bonds
$45,519
 
$107,947
 
$26,575
 
$—
 
$180,041
Corporate bonds48,515
 94,637
 34,569
 
 177,721
Non-U.S. certificates of deposit5,755
 114,624
 
 
 120,379
U.S. certificates of deposit
 
 
 
 
Commercial paper200
 
 
 
 200
Total short-term investments
$99,989
 
$317,208
 
$61,144
 
$—
 
$478,341
Note 68 – Fair Value of Financial Instruments
Under U.S. GAAP, fair value is defined as the price that would be received to sell an asset or paid to transfer a liability (i.e., the exit price) in an orderly transaction between market participants at the measurement date. In determining fair value, the Company uses various valuation approaches, including quoted market prices and discounted cash flows. U.S. GAAP also establishes a hierarchy for inputs used in measuring fair value that maximizes the use of observable inputs and minimizes the use of unobservable inputs by requiring that the most observable inputs be used when available. Observable inputs are obtained from independent sources and can be validated by a third party, whereas unobservable inputs reflect assumptions regarding what a third party would use in pricing an asset or liability. The fair value hierarchy is categorized into three levels based on the reliability of inputs as follows:
Level 1 - Valuations based on quoted prices in active markets for identical instruments that the Company is able to access. Since valuations are based on quoted prices that are readily and regularly available in an active market, valuation of these products does not entail a significant degree of judgment.
Level 2 - Valuations based on quoted prices in active markets for instruments that are similar, or quoted prices in markets that are not active for identical or similar instruments, and model-derived valuations in which all significant inputs and significant value drivers are observable in active markets.
Level 3 - Valuations based on inputs that are unobservable and significant to the overall fair value measurement.
The financial assets for which the Company performs recurring fair value remeasurements are cash equivalents and short-term investments and long-term investments. As of June 25, 2017,26, 2022, financial assets utilizing Level 1 inputs included U.S. treasury securities and money market funds, and financial assets utilizing Level 2 inputs included municipal bonds, corporate bonds, non-U.S. certificates of deposit,U.S. agency securities, commercial paper and common stock of non-U.S. corporations.variable rate demand notes. Level 2 assets are valued based on quoted prices in active markets for instruments that are similar or using a third-party pricing service’s consensus price, which is a weighted average price based on multiple sources. These sources determine prices utilizing market income models which factor in, where applicable, transactions of similar assets in active markets, transactions of identical assets in infrequent markets, interest rates, bond or credit default swap spreads and volatility. The Company did not have any financial assets requiring the use of Level 3 inputs as of June 25, 2017.26, 2022. There were no transfers between Level 1 and Level 2 during the year ended June 25, 2017.26, 2022.

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Table of Contents
The following table sets forth financialFinancial instruments carried at fair value within the U.S. GAAP hierarchy (in thousands):were as follows:
 June 26, 2022June 27, 2021
 Level 1Level 2Level 3TotalLevel 1Level 2Level 3Total
Assets:
Cash equivalents:
Money market funds$115.9 $— $— $115.9 $96.9 $— $— $96.9 
Municipal bonds— — — — — 16.0 — 16.0 
U.S. agency securities— — — — — 6.0 — 6.0 
U.S. treasury securities69.0 — — 69.0 — — — — 
Commercial paper— 59.4 — 59.4 — 62.4 — 62.4 
Variable rate demand notes— — — — — 22.9 — 22.9 
Total cash equivalents184.9 59.4 — 244.3 96.9 107.3 — 204.2 
Short-term investments:
Municipal bonds— 162.2 — 162.2 — 141.3 — 141.3 
Corporate bonds— 448.0 — 448.0 — 459.5 — 459.5 
U.S. agency securities— 3.9 — 3.9 — 15.8 — 15.8 
U.S. treasury securities65.8 — — 65.8 72.5 — — 72.5 
Certificates of deposit— — — — — 16.5 — 16.5 
Commercial paper— — — — — 50.0 — 50.0 
Variable rate demand notes— 69.4 — 69.4 — 20.0 — 20.0 
Total short-term investments65.8 683.5 — 749.3 72.5 703.1 — 775.6 
Total assets$250.7 $742.9 $— $993.6 $169.4 $810.4 $— $979.8 

 June 25, 2017 June 26, 2016
 Level 1 Level 2 Level 3 Total Level 1 Level 2 Level 3 Total
Assets:               
Cash equivalents               
Municipal bonds$
 $1,802
 $
 $1,802
 $
 $
 $
 $
Non-U.S. certificates of deposit
 736
 
 736
 
 137
 
 137
Money market funds1,184
 
 
 1,184
 576
 
 
 576
Total cash equivalents1,184
 2,538
 
 3,722
 576
 137
 
 713
Short-term investments:               
Municipal bonds
 180,041
 
 180,041
 
 190,440
 
 190,440
Corporate bonds
 177,721
 
 177,721
 
 168,767
 
 168,767
U.S. certificates of deposit
 
 
 
 
 3,500
 
 3,500
Commercial paper
 200
 
 200
 
 3,317
 
 3,317
Non-U.S. certificates of deposit
 120,379
 
 120,379
 
 73,127
 
 73,127
Total short-term investments
 478,341
 
 478,341
 
 439,151
 
 439,151
Other long-term investments               
Common stock of non-U.S. corporations
 50,366
 
 50,366
 
 40,179
 
 40,179
Total other long-term investments
 50,366
 
 50,366
 
 40,179
 
 40,179
Total assets
$1,184
 
$531,245
 
$—
 
$532,429
 
$576
 
$479,467
 
$—
 
$480,043
Note 79 – Goodwill and Intangible Assets
Goodwill
The Company’s reporting units forThere were no changes to goodwill impairment testing are:during the fiscal year ended June 26, 2022.
Lighting Products
LED Products
Wolfspeed
As of the first day of theits fourth quarter of fiscal 2017,2022, the Company performed a step one quantitative goodwill impairment assessment on each reporting unit.  For the step onequalitative impairment test the Company derived each reporting unit's fair value through a combination of the market approach (a guideline transaction method) and the income approach (a discounted cash flow analysis). The Company utilized a discount rate from the capital asset pricing model for the discounted cash flow analysis. Once the reporting unit fair values were calculated, the Company reconciled the reporting units' relative fair values to the Company's market capitalization as of the testing date.
The Company then compared the carrying value of each reporting unit, inclusive of its assigned goodwill, to its fair value. The Company determined that the fair value of each reporting unit exceeded its carrying value, and as a result, step two ofon the goodwill impairment testbalance and concluded there was not necessary.


Goodwill by reporting unit as of June 25, 2017 was as follows (in thousands):no impairment.
73

LED Products Lighting Products Wolfspeed Consolidated Total

$180,278
 
$337,781
 
$100,769
 
$618,828
Goodwill by reporting unit asTable of June 26, 2016 was as follows (in thousands):Contents
LED Products Lighting Products Wolfspeed Consolidated Total

$180,278
 
$337,781
 
$100,769
 
$618,828
Intangible Assets
The following table presents the components of intangibleIntangible assets, net (in thousands):included the following:
June 26, 2022June 27, 2021
(in millions of U.S. Dollars)GrossAccumulated AmortizationNetGrossAccumulated AmortizationNet
Intangible assets:
Customer relationships$96.8 ($31.2)$65.6 $96.8 ($25.1)$71.7 
Developed technology68.0 (33.6)34.4 68.0 (28.2)39.8 
Non-compete agreements12.2 (12.2)— 12.2 (10.1)2.1 
Acquisition related intangible assets177.0 (77.0)100.0 177.0 (63.4)113.6 
Patent and licensing rights65.5 (40.1)25.4 67.1 (40.2)26.9 
Total intangible assets242.5 (117.1)125.4 244.1 (103.6)140.5 
 June 25, 2017 June 26, 2016
 Gross Accumulated Amortization Net Gross Accumulated Amortization Net
Intangible assets with finite lives:           
Customer relationships
$141,420
 
($84,673) 
$56,747
 
$141,420
 
($78,438) 
$62,982
Developed technology181,728
 (132,747) 48,981
 181,728
 (111,884) 69,844
Non-compete agreements10,475
 (10,398) 77
 10,475
 (9,994) 481
Trade names, finite-lived520
 (520) 
 520
 (520) 
Patent and licensing rights151,985
 (63,155) 88,830
 145,780
 (55,957) 89,823
Total intangible assets with finite lives486,128
 (291,493) 194,635
 479,923
 (256,793) 223,130
Trade names, indefinite-lived79,680
   79,680
 79,680
   79,680
Total intangible assets
$565,808
 
($291,493) 
$274,315
 
$559,603
 
($256,793) 
$302,810
Total amortization of finite-lived intangibleacquisition-related intangibles assets was $39.8$13.6 million, $40.4 million and $37.1 million for the years ended June 25, 2017June 26, 2016 and June 28, 2015, respectively. Beginning in the third quarter of fiscal 2016, the Company started amortizing IPR&D assets acquired in the APEI acquisition that were completed during the respective period.
As of the first day of the fourth quarter of fiscal 2017, the Company performed a step one quantitative impairment assessment on each of the Company’s indefinite-lived trade names.  The Company determined that the fair value of each indefinite-lived trade name was greater than its carrying value and therefore a step two quantitative impairment assessment was not required. 
The Company invested $12.4 million, $14.4$14.5 million and $19.5$14.5 million and total amortization of patents and licensing rights was $5.4 million, $5.9 million and $5.9 million for the years ended June 25, 2017June 26, 20162022, June 27, 2021 and June 28, 2015,2020, respectively.
The Company invested $5.7 million, $5.9 million and $4.4 million for the years ended June 26, 2022, June 27, 2021 and June 28, 2020, respectively, for patent and licensing rights. For the fiscal years ended June 25, 2017June 26, 20162022, June 27, 2021 and June 28, 2015,2020, the Company recognized $1.8 million, $0.7 million and $1.2 million,$6.7 million and $3.4 million, respectively, in impairment charges related to its patent portfolio.
Total future amortization expense of finite-lived intangible assets is estimated to be as follows (in thousands):follows:
(in millions of U.S. Dollars)

Fiscal Year Ending
Acquisition Related IntangiblesPatentsTotal
June 25, 2023$11.0 $4.5 $15.5 
June 30, 202410.4 3.8 14.2 
June 29, 202510.4 2.9 13.3 
June 28, 20269.3 2.1 11.4 
June 27, 20279.3 1.7 11.0 
Thereafter49.6 10.4 60.0 
Total future amortization expense$100.0 $25.4 $125.4 
Fiscal Year Ending
June 24, 2018
$38,858
June 30, 201937,320
June 28, 202024,463
June 27, 202119,192
June 26, 202217,816
Thereafter56,986
Total future amortization expense
$194,635


Note 810 – Long-term Debt
Revolving Line of Credit
As of June 25, 201726, 2022, the Company had a 500$125.0 million secured revolving line of credit pursuant to a credit agreement (the Credit Agreement) with Wells Fargo Bank, National Association (Wells Fargo) under which the Company can borrow, repay and reborrow loans from time to time prior to its scheduled maturity date of January 9, 2020.2026. The Credit Agreement requires the Company to maintain a ratio of certain cash equivalents and marketable securities to outstanding loans and letter of credit obligations greater than 1.25:1, with no other financial covenants.
The Company classifies balances outstanding under its line of creditthe Credit Agreement as long-term debt in the Consolidated Balance Sheets. Atconsolidated balance sheets. As of June 25, 2017,26, 2022, the Company had $145no outstanding borrowings under the Credit Agreement, $125.0 million outstandingin available commitments under the Credit Agreement and $355$125.0 million available for borrowing. For the fiscal year ended June 25, 2017,26, 2022, the average interest rate underwas 0.04%, related to a ten-day draw of $20.0 million on the line of credit in the first quarter of fiscal 2022. As of June 26, 2022, the unused line fee on available borrowings is 25 basis points.
On January 25, 2022, the Company entered into an amendment to the Credit Agreement was 1.56%. The average commitment fee percentage forthat extended the Credit Agreement was 0.11% formaturity date by three years to January 9, 2026 and adopted secured overnight financing rate (SOFR) interest rates as the year ended June 25, 2017. For the year ended June 26, 2016, the averagebenchmark interest rate under the Credit Agreement was 1.14%. The average commitment fee percentage for the Credit Agreement was 0.09% for the year ended June 26, 2016. The Company was in compliance with all covenants in the Credit Agreement at June 25, 2017.rate.
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Note 9 – Shareholders’ Equity2023 Convertible Notes
On August 24, 2016,2018, the BoardCompany sold $500.0 million aggregate principal amount of Directors approvedthe 2023 Notes to qualified institutional buyers pursuant to Rule 144A under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the Securities Act), and an additional $75.0 million aggregate principal amount of such notes pursuant to the exercise in full of the over-allotment options of the underwriters. The total net proceeds from the 2023 Notes offering was approximately $562.1 million. As discussed further below, the Company repurchased approximately $150.2 million aggregate principal amount of the 2023 Notes using a portion of net proceeds from the sale of the 2026 Notes (as defined and explained below) in April 2020.
On December 8, 2021 (the Redemption Notice Date), the Company issued a notice (the Redemption Notice) to holders of the 2023 Notes calling all outstanding 2023 Notes for redemption. The Redemption Notice designated December 23, 2021 as the redemption date (the Redemption Date). On the Redemption Date, the Redemption Price (as defined below) would have become due and payable on each of the 2023 Notes to be redeemed, and interest thereon would cease to accrue. However, any 2023 Notes called for redemption would not be redeemed if such notes were converted before the Redemption Date. The Redemption Price for the 2023 Notes called for redemption was an amount in cash equal to the principal amount of such notes plus accrued and unpaid interest on such notes to, but excluding, the Redemption Date, which equated to a Redemption Price of $1,002.72222 per $1,000 principal amount of 2023 Notes (the Redemption Price).
As of the Redemption Notice Date, the conversion rate of the 2023 Notes was 16.6745 shares of the Company's fiscal 2017common stock repurchase program, authorizingper $1,000 principal amount of such notes. However, in accordance with the Indenture, dated as of August 24, 2018, between the Company and U.S. Bank National Association, as trustee, which governed the terms of the 2023 Notes, the conversion rate for 2023 Notes that were converted after the Redemption Notice Date was increased to 16.7769 shares of the Company's common stock per $1,000 principal amount of such notes. Before the Redemption Date, all outstanding 2023 Notes were surrendered for conversion, resulting in the settlement of all outstanding 2023 Notes in approximately 7.1 million shares of the Company's common stock, with cash in lieu of any fractional shares. The fair value of shares issued upon conversion of all outstanding 2023 Notes was $788.0 million. The amount of cash paid for fractional shares was immaterial.
2026 Convertible Notes
On April 21, 2020, the Company sold $500.0 million aggregate principal amount of 1.75% convertible senior notes due May 1, 2026 to qualified institutional buyers pursuant to Rule 144A under the Securities Act and an additional $75.0 million aggregate principal amount of such notes pursuant to the exercise in full of the over-allotment options of the underwriters (the 2026 Notes). The total net proceeds from the 2026 Notes offering was approximately $561.4 million.
The conversion rate will initially be 21.1346 shares of common stock per one thousand dollars in principal amount of 2026 Notes (equivalent to an initial conversion price of approximately $47.32 per share of common stock). The conversion rate will be subject to adjustment for some events, but will not be adjusted for any accrued and unpaid interest. In addition, following certain corporate events that occur prior to the maturity date, or following the Company's issuance of a notice of redemption, the Company will increase the conversion rate for a holder who elects to convert its 2026 Notes in connection with such a corporate event, or who elects to convert any 2026 Notes called for redemption during the related redemption period in certain circumstances. The Company may not redeem the 2026 Notes prior to May 1, 2023. The Company may redeem for cash all or any portion of the 2026 Notes, at its option, on a redemption date occurring on or after May 1, 2023 and on or before the 40th scheduled trading day immediately before the maturity date, if the last reported sales price of its common stock has been at least 130% of the conversion price then in effect for at least 20 trading days (whether or not consecutive), including the trading day immediately preceding the date on which the Company provides a notice of redemption, during any 30 consecutive trading day period ending on, and including, the trading day immediately preceding the date on which the Company provides notice of redemption. The redemption price will be 100% of the principal amount of the 2026 Notes to be redeemed, plus accrued and unpaid interest to, but excluding, the redemption date. If the Company undergoes certain fundamental changes related to the Company's common stock, holders may require the Company to repurchase for cash all or any portions of their 2026 Notes at a fundamental change repurchase price equal to 100% of the principal amount of the 2026 Notes to be repurchased, plus accrued and unpaid interest to, but excluding, the fundamental change repurchase date.
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Holders may convert their 2026 Notes at their option at any time prior to the close of business on the business day immediately preceding November 3, 2025 only under the following circumstances: (1) during any calendar quarter commencing after the calendar quarter ended June 30, 2020 (and only during such calendar quarter), if the last reported sale price of the common stock for at least 20 trading days (whether or not consecutive) during a period of 30 consecutive trading days ending on, and including, the last trading day of the immediately preceding calendar quarter is greater than or equal to 130% of the conversion price on each applicable trading day; (2) during the five business day period after any ten consecutive trading day period in which the trading price per $1.0 thousand principal amount of 2026 Notes for each trading day of the measurement period was less than 98% of the product of the last reported sale price of its common stock and the conversion rate on each such trading day; (3) if the Company calls such 2026 Notes for redemption, at any time prior to the close of business on the second business day immediately preceding the redemption date; or (4) upon the occurrence of specified corporate events. On or after November 3, 2025 until the close of business on the second scheduled trading day immediately preceding the maturity date, holders may convert their 2026 Notes at any time, regardless of the foregoing circumstances. Upon conversion, the Company will pay or deliver cash, shares of its common stock, having an aggregate purchase price not exceeding $300 million for all purchases from August 24, 2016 through the expirationor a combination of the program on June 25, 2017.
During fiscal 2017, the Company repurchased 4.4 million shares of its common stock under the program at an average price of $23.55 per share with an aggregate value of $104.0 million. The repurchase program could be implemented through open market or privately negotiated transactions at the discretion of the Company’s management. From the inception of the predecessor stock repurchase program in January 2001 through June 25, 2017, the Company has repurchased 38.7 millioncash and shares of its common stock, at the Company's election.
The Company used approximately $144.3 million of the net proceeds from the sale of the 2026 Notes in April 2020 to repurchase approximately $150.2 million aggregate principal amount of the 2023 Notes, including approximately $0.2 million of accrued interest on such notes, in privately negotiated transactions.
2028 Convertible Notes
On February 3, 2022, the Company sold $650.0 million aggregate principal amount of 0.25% convertible senior notes due February 15, 2028 to qualified institutional buyers pursuant to Rule 144A under the Securities Act and an averageadditional $100.0 million aggregate principal amount of such notes pursuant to the exercise in full of the over-allotment options of the underwriters (the 2028 Notes). The total net proceeds from the 2028 Notes offering was approximately $732.3 million.
The Company used approximately $108.2 million of the net proceeds from the 2028 Notes to fund the cost of entering into capped call transactions, as described below.
The conversion rate will initially be 7.8602 shares of common stock per one thousand dollars in principal amount of 2028 Notes (equivalent to an initial conversion price of $28.66approximately $127.22 per share with an aggregate value of $1.1 billion.
On June 14, 2017,common stock). The conversion rate will be subject to adjustment for some events, but will not be adjusted for any accrued and unpaid interest. In addition, following certain corporate events that occur prior to the Board of Directors approvedmaturity date, or following the Company's fiscal 2018issuance of a notice of redemption, the Company will increase the conversion rate for a holder who elects to convert its 2028 Notes in connection with such a corporate event, or who elects to convert any 2028 Notes called for redemption during the related redemption period in certain circumstances. The Company may not redeem the 2028 Notes prior to February 18, 2025. The Company may redeem for cash all or any portion of the 2028 Notes, at its option, on a redemption date occurring on or after February 18, 2025 and on or before the 40th scheduled trading day immediately before the maturity date, if the last reported sales price of its common stock repurchase program, authorizinghas been at least 130% of the conversion price then in effect for at least 20 trading days (whether or not consecutive), including the trading day immediately preceding the date on which the Company provides a notice of redemption, during any 30 consecutive trading day period ending on, and including, the trading day immediately preceding the date on which the Company provides notice of redemption. The redemption price will be 100% of the principal amount of the 2028 Notes to be redeemed, plus accrued and unpaid interest to, but excluding, the redemption date. If the Company undergoes certain fundamental changes related to the Company's common stock, holders may require the Company to repurchase for cash all or any portions of their 2028 Notes at a fundamental change repurchase price equal to 100% of the principal amount of the 2028 Notes to be repurchased, plus accrued and unpaid interest to, but excluding, the fundamental change repurchase date.
Holders may convert their 2028 Notes at their option at any time prior to the close of business on the business day immediately preceding August 16, 2027 only under the following circumstances: (1) during any calendar quarter commencing after the calendar quarter ending March 31, 2022 (and only during such calendar quarter), if the last reported sale price of the common stock for at least 20 trading days (whether or not consecutive) during a period of 30 consecutive trading days ending on, and including, the last trading day of the immediately preceding calendar quarter is greater than or equal to 130% of the conversion price on each applicable trading day; (2) during the five business day period after any ten consecutive trading day period in which the trading price per $1.0 thousand principal amount of 2028 Notes for each trading day of the measurement period was less than 98% of the product of the last reported sale price of its common stock and the conversion rate on each such trading day; (3) if the Company calls such 2028 Notes for redemption, at any time prior to the close of business on the second business day immediately preceding the redemption date; or (4) upon the occurrence of specified corporate events. On or after August 16, 2027 until the close of business on the second scheduled trading day immediately preceding the maturity date, holders may convert their 2028 Notes at any time, regardless of the foregoing circumstances. Upon conversion, the Company will pay or deliver cash, shares of its common stock, having an aggregate purchase price not exceeding $200 million for all purchases from June 26, 2017 throughor a combination of cash and shares of its common stock, at the expirationCompany's election.
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Capped Call Transactions
On January 31, 2022, in connection with the pricing of the program2028 Notes, the Company entered into privately negotiated capped call transactions with certain of the initial purchasers or affiliates thereof (the Capped Call Counterparties). In connection with the exercise by the initial purchasers of their option to purchase additional notes, the Company entered into additional privately negotiated capped call transactions (such transactions, collectively, the Capped Call Transactions) with each of the Capped Call Counterparties. The Capped Call Transactions initially cover, subject to customary anti-dilution adjustments, the aggregate number of shares of the Company’s common stock that initially underlie the 2028 Notes. The Capped Call Transactions are expected generally to reduce the potential dilutive effect on June 24, 2018. The repurchase programthe common stock upon any conversion of the 2028 Notes and/or offset any potential cash payments the Company is required to make in excess of the principal amount of converted 2028 Notes, as the case may be, implemented through open market with such reduction and/or privately negotiated transactions atoffset subject to a cap which initially is $212.04 per share, representing a premium of 125% over the discretionlast reported sale price per share of the Company's management. common stock on January 31, 2022, subject to certain adjustments under the terms of the Capped Call Transactions.
The Capped Call Transactions are separate transactions entered into by the Company will continue to determinewith each of the timeCapped Call Counterparties, are not part of the terms of the 2028 Notes, and extentdo not affect any holder’s rights under the 2028 Notes. Holders of the 2028 Notes do not have any repurchases based on its evaluation of market conditions and other factors.
On May 29, 2002, the Board adopted a shareholder rights plan, pursuant to which stock purchase rights were distributed to shareholders at a rate of one right with respect to the Capped Call Transactions.
Accounting for 2023 Notes, 2026 Notes and 2028 Notes (collectively, the Notes)
In accounting for the issuance of the 2023 Notes, 2026 Notes and 2028 Notes, the Company separated the Notes into liability and equity components. The carrying amount of the equity component representing the conversion option was $110.6 million, $145.4 million and $187.6 million for the 2023, 2026 and 2028 Notes, respectively. The amounts were determined by deducting the fair value of the liability component from the par value of each share of the Notes. Due to the partial extinguishment of the 2023 Notes in connection with the issuance of the 2026 Notes, the equity component of the 2023 Notes was reduced by $27.7 million in the fourth quarter of fiscal 2020.
As a result of the full conversion of all outstanding 2023 Notes, the Company remeasured the outstanding liability for the 2023 Notes using a market rate for debt without a conversion option (the Market Rate) as of the Redemption Notice Date. The Company performed a present value calculation using the Market Rate and determined the fair value of the debt as of the Redemption Notice Date was $416.1 million, $24.7 million higher than the carrying value of the 2023 Notes as of the Redemption Notice Date. As a result, the Company recorded a loss on extinguishment of $24.8 million, which included a $0.1 million loss on extinguishment expense related to third party fees. Additionally, the equity component of the 2023 Notes was reduced to zero.
The equity components of the 2026 and 2028 Notes are not remeasured as long as they continue to meet the conditions for equity classification. The excess of the principal amount of the liability component over its carrying amount (the debt discount), along with related issuance fees, are amortized to interest expense over the term of the 2026 and 2028 Notes at an effective annual interest rate of 7.45% and 5.59%, respectively.
The 2026 and 2028 Notes are equal in right of payment to any of the Company’s unsecured indebtedness; senior in right of payment to the Company’s existing and future indebtedness that is expressly subordinated in right of payment to the 2026 and 2028 Notes; effectively subordinated in right of payment of any of the Company’s secured indebtedness to the extent of the value of the assets securing such indebtedness; and structurally subordinated to all indebtedness and other liabilities (including trade payables) of the Company’s subsidiaries.
The net carrying amount of the liability component of the Notes is as follows:
(in millions of U.S. Dollars)June 26, 2022June 27, 2021
Principal$1,325.0 $999.8 
Unamortized discount and issuance costs(303.4)(175.9)
Net carrying amount$1,021.6 $823.9 
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The net carrying amount of the equity component of the Notes is as follows:
(in millions of U.S. Dollars)June 26, 2022June 27, 2021
Discount related to value of conversion option$341.1 $262.3 
Partial extinguishment of 2023 Notes— (27.7)
Debt issuance costs(8.1)(6.3)
Net carrying amount$333.0 $228.3 
The interest expense, net recognized related to the Notes is as follows:
Fiscal Years Ended
(in millions of U.S. Dollars)June 26, 2022June 27, 2021June 28, 2020
Interest expense, net of capitalized interest$2.6 $10.4 6.8 
Amortization of discount and issuance costs, net of capitalized interest20.1 32.8 26.2 
Total interest expense, net$22.7 $43.2 33.0 
The Company capitalizes interest related to the Notes in connection with the building of its new Silicon Carbide device fabrication facility in New York. For the fiscal year ended June 26, 2022, the Company capitalized $9.9 million of interest expense and $23.2 million of amortization of discount and issuance costs. For the fiscal year ended June 27, 2021, the Company capitalized $3.3 million of interest expense and $7.3 million of amortization of discount and issuance costs. No interest was capitalized for the fiscal year ended June 28, 2020.
The last reported sale price of the Company's common stock heldwas greater than or equal to 130% of recordthe applicable conversion price for the 2026 Notes for at least 20 trading days in the 30 consecutive trading days ended on June 30, 2022. As a result, the 2026 Notes are convertible at the option of the holders during the calendar quarter ended September 30, 2022.
As of June 26, 2022, the if-converted values of the 2026 Notes exceeded the principal amounts by $292.7 million.
The estimated fair value of the Notes is $1.5 billion, as determined by a Level 2 valuation as of June 10, 2002. Subsequently issued shares of common stock also carried stock purchase rights under the plan. The rights plan was designed to enhance the Board’s ability to prevent an acquirer from depriving shareholders of the long-term value of their investment and to protect shareholders against attempts to acquire the Company by means of unfair or abusive takeover tactics. On January 29, 2013, the shareholder rights plan was amended solely to change the expiration date from September 30, 2018 to April 24, 2017. On April 24, 2017, the shareholder rights plan expired pursuant to its terms and is no longer in effect.26, 2022.
Note 11 – Shareholders’ Equity
At June 25, 2017,26, 2022, the Company had reserved a total of approximately 19.336.6 million shares of its common stock for future issuance as follows (in thousands):
Number of
Shares
For exercise of outstanding common stock options10,60469 
For vesting of outstanding stock units2,3471,894 
For future equity awards under 2013 Long-Term Incentive Compensation Plan6,2145,009 
For future issuance under the Non-Employee Director Stock Compensation and Deferral Program6544 
For future issuance to employees under the 20052020 Employee Stock Purchase Plan1025,531 
For future issuance upon conversion of the 2026 Notes16,102 
For future issuance upon conversion of the 2028 Notes7,958 
Total common shares reserved19,33236,607 

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Note 1012 – Loss Per Share
The following table presentsdetails of the computation of basic loss per share (in thousands, except per share amounts):
 Fiscal Years Ended
 June 25,
2017
 June 26,
2016
 June 28,
2015
Basic:


Net loss
($98,118) 
($21,536) 
($64,692)
Weighted average common shares98,487
 101,783
 113,022
Basic loss per share
($1.00) 
($0.21) 
($0.57)
The following computation reconciles the differences between the basic and diluted loss per share presentations (in thousands, except per share amounts):are as follows:
 Fiscal Years Ended
(in millions of U.S. Dollars, except share data)June 26, 2022June 27, 2021June 28, 2020
Net loss from continuing operations$(295.1)$(341.3)$(197.6)
Net income (loss) from discontinued operations94.2 (181.2)7.0 
Net income from discontinued operations attributable to noncontrolling interest— 1.4 1.1 
Net income (loss) from discontinued operations attributable to controlling interest94.2 (182.6)5.9 
Weighted average number of common shares - basic and diluted (in thousands)120,120 112,346 107,935 
(Loss) earnings per share - basic and diluted:
Continuing operations$(2.46)$(3.04)$(1.83)
Discontinued operations attributable to controlling interest$0.78 $(1.63)$0.05 
 Fiscal Years Ended
 June 25,
2017
 June 26,
2016
 June 28,
2015
Diluted:     
Net loss
($98,118) 
($21,536) 
($64,692)
Weighted average common shares - basic98,487
 101,783
 113,022
Weighted average common shares - diluted98,487
 101,783
 113,022
Diluted loss per share
($1.00) 
($0.21) 
($0.57)
Potential common shares that would have the effect of increasing diluted earnings per share or decreasing dilutedDiluted net loss per share are considered to be anti-dilutive andis the same as such, these shares are not included in calculating dilutedbasic net loss per share. share for the periods presented due to potentially dilutive items being anti-dilutive given the Company's net loss from continuing operations.
For the fiscal years ended June 25, 2017June 26, 20162022, June 27, 2021 and June 28, 2015, there were 11.42020, 2.5 million, 11.43.4 million and 7.05.4 million,, respectively, of potential commondilutive shares not included inwere excluded from the calculation of diluted loss per share because their effect waswould be anti-dilutive.
Future earnings per share of the Company are also subject to dilution from conversion of its convertible notes under certain conditions as described in Note 10, “Long-term Debt.”
Note 1113 – Stock-Based Compensation
Overview of Employee Stock-Based Compensation Plans
The Company currently has one1 equity-based compensation plan, the 2013 Long-Term Incentive Compensation Plan (2013 LTIP), from which stock-based compensation awards can be granted to employees and directors. At June 25, 2017,26, 2022, there were 10.615.9 million shares authorized for issuance under the plan and 6.25.0 million shares remaining for future grants. The 2013 LTIP provides for awards in the form of incentive stock options, non-qualified stock options, stock appreciation rights, restricted stock, restricted stock units, performance shares, performance units and other awards. The Company has other equity-based compensation plans that have been terminated so that no future grants can be made under those plans, but under which stock options, restricted stock and restricted stock units are currently outstanding.
The Company’s stock-based awards can be either service-based or performance-based. Performance-based conditions are generallymay be tied to future financial and/or operating performance of the Company. The compensation expense with respect to performance-based grants is recognized if the Company, believes it is probable that theexternal based market metrics or internal performance condition will be achieved. The Company reassesses the probability of the achievement of the performance condition at each reporting period, and adjusts the compensation expense for subsequent changes in the estimate or actual outcome. As with non-performance based awards, compensation expense is recognized over the vesting period. The vesting period runs from the date of grant to the expected date that the performance objective is likely to be achieved.

metrics.
The Company also has an Employee Stock Purchase Plan (ESPP) that provides employees with the opportunity to purchase common stock at a discount. At June 25, 2017,26, 2022, there were 4.56.0 million shares authorized for issuance under the ESPP, as amended, with 0.15.5 million shares remaining for future issuance. The ESPP limits employee contributions to 15% of each employee’s compensation (as defined in the plan) and allows employees to purchase shares at a 15% discount to the fair market value of common stock on the purchase date two2 times per year. The ESPP provides for a twelve-month participation period, divided into two2 equal six-month purchase periods, and also provides for a look-back feature. At the end of each six-month period in April and October, participants may purchase the Company’s common stock through the ESPP at a 15% discount to the fair market value of the common stock on the first day of the twelve-month participation period or the purchase date, whichever is lower. The plan also provides for an automatic reset feature to start participants on a new twelve-month participation period if the fair market value of common stock declines during the first six-month purchase period.
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Stock Option Awards
The following table summarizes option activity as of June 25, 201726, 2022 and changes during the fiscal year then ended (numbers of shares(shares in thousands):

Number of
Shares

Weighted Average
Exercise price

Weighted Average
Remaining
Contractual Term

Total
Intrinsic Value
Outstanding at June 26, 201611,247
 
$40.42
    
Granted1,795
 24.50
    
Exercised(119) 26.06
    
Forfeited or expired(2,319) 38.67
    
Outstanding at June 25, 201710,604
 
$38.27
 3.49 
$1,745
Vested and expected to vest at June 25, 201710,377
 
$38.54
 3.44 
$1,593
Exercisable at June 25, 20177,297
 
$42.22
 2.62 
$233
Number of SharesWeighted Average Exercise PriceWeighted Average Remaining Contractual Term
Total Intrinsic Value (in millions of U.S. Dollars)
Outstanding at June 27, 2021142 $27.37 
Granted— — 
Exercised(73)29.46 
Forfeited or expired— — 
Outstanding at June 26, 202269 25.12 0.96$3.2 
Vested and expected to vest at June 26, 202269 25.12 0.96$3.2 
Exercisable at June 26, 202269 25.12 0.96$3.2 
The total intrinsic value in the table above represents the total pretax intrinsic value, which is the total difference between the closing price of the Company’s common stock on June 23, 201724, 2022 (the last trading day of fiscal 2017)2022) of $25.35$71.40 and the exercise price for in-the-money options that would have been received by the holders if all instruments had been exercised on June 25, 2017.26, 2022. As of June 25, 2017,26, 2022, there was $15.9 million ofno unrecognized compensation cost related to nonvested stock options, which is expected to be recognized over a weighted average period of 1.46 years.options.
The following table summarizes information about stock options outstanding and exercisable at June 25, 201726, 2022 (shares in thousands):
 Options OutstandingOptions Exercisable
Range of Exercise PriceNumberWeighted Average Remaining Contractual Life (Years)Weighted Average Exercise PriceNumberWeighted Average Exercise Price
$0.01 to $25.0048 1.2$24.32 48 $24.32 
$25.01 to $35.0021 0.526.92 21 26.92 
Total69 69 
  Options Outstanding
Options Exercisable
Range of Exercise Price Number
Weighted Average
Remaining Contractual
Life (Years)

Weighted Average Exercise Price
Number
Weighted Average Exercise Price
$0.01 to $30.92 5,422
 3.98 
$26.82
 2,868
 
$28.31
$30.93 to $43.94 234
 3.85 36.05
 174
 36.18
$43.95 to $45.13 2,074
 4.06 45.13
 1,405
 45.13
$45.14 to $54.26 146
 2.90 49.11
 124
 49.27
$54.27 to $75.55 2,728
 2.19 55.43
 2,726
 55.43
Total 10,604
 3.49 
$38.27
 7,297
 
$42.22
Other information pertaining toTotal intrinsic value of options exercised for the Company’s stock option awards is as follows (in thousands, except per share data):
 Fiscal Years Ended
 June 25,
2017
 June 26,
2016
 June 28,
2015
Weighted average grant date fair value per share of options
$8.20
 
$8.79
 
$15.27
Total intrinsic value of options exercised
$344
 
$838
 
$9,418

fiscal years ended June 26, 2022, June 27, 2021 and June 28, 2020 was $5.6 million, $30.8 million and $22.8 million, respectively.
Restricted Stock Awards and Units
A summary of nonvested restricted stock awards (RSAs) and restricted stock unit awardsunits (RSUs) outstanding as of June 25, 201726, 2022 and changes during the year then ended is as follows (in thousands, except number(shares in thousands):
Number of RSUsWeighted Average Grant-Date Fair Value
Nonvested at June 27, 20212,168 $57.38 
Granted710 96.96 
Vested(916)49.12 
Forfeited(68)72.63 
Nonvested at June 26, 20221,894 $75.67 
The aggregate fair value of sharesawards vested in fiscal years ended June 26, 2022, June 27, 2021 and units):June 28, 2020, based on the market price of the Company's common stock on the vesting date, was $82.9 million, $110.6 million and $49.8 million, respectively.
80

 
Number of
RSAs/RSUs
 
Weighted Average
Grant-Date Fair Value
Nonvested at June 26, 20161,631
 
$31.66
Granted1,573
 24.60
Vested(579) 34.13
Forfeited(213) 28.48
Nonvested at June 25, 20172,412
 
$26.74
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As of June 25, 2017,26, 2022, there was $37.6$82.3 million of unrecognized compensation cost related to nonvested awards, which is expected to be recognized over a weighted average period of 2.381.85 years.
Stock-Based Compensation Valuation and Expense
The Company accounts for its employee stock-based compensation plans using the fair value method. The fair value method requires the Company to estimate the grant-date fair value of its stock-based awards and amortize this fair value to compensation expense over the requisite service period or vesting term.
The Company uses the Black-Scholes option-pricing model to estimate the fair value of the Company’s stock option and ESPP awards. The determination of the fair value of stock-based payment awards on the date of grant using an option-pricing model is affected by the Company’s stock price as well as assumptions regarding a number of complex and subjective variables. These variables include the expected stock price volatility over the term of the awards, actual and projected employee stock option exercise behaviors, the risk-free interest rate and expected dividends. Due to the inherent limitations of option-valuation models, future events that are unpredictable and the estimation process utilized in determining the valuation of the stock-based awards, the ultimate value realized by award holders may vary significantly from the amounts expensed in the Company’s financial statements.
For RSAsservice-based RSUs and performance-based RSUs with internal metrics, the grant-date fair value is based upon the market price of the Company’s common stock on the date of the grant. For performance-based RSUs, the Company reassesses the probability of the achievement of the performance condition at each reporting period and adjusts the compensation expense for subsequent changes in the estimate or actual outcome. This fair value is then amortized to compensation expense over the requisite service period or vesting term.
For performance-based awards with market conditions, the Company estimates the grant date fair value using the Monte Carlo valuation model and expenses the awards over the vesting period regardless of whether the market condition is ultimately satisfied.
Stock-based compensation expense is recognized net of estimated forfeitures such that expense is recognized only for those stock-based awards that are expected to vest. A forfeiture rate is estimated at the time of grant and revised, if necessary, in subsequent periods if actual forfeitures differ from initial estimates.

Total stock-based compensation expense was classified in the consolidated statements of operations as follows (in thousands):follows:
Fiscal Years Ended
(in millions of U.S. Dollars)June 26, 2022June 27, 2021June 28, 2020
Cost of revenue, net$16.0 $14.4 $10.0 
Research and development9.9 8.7 8.0 
Sales, general and administrative35.0 30.1 30.8 
Total stock-based compensation expense$60.9 $53.2 $48.8 
 Fiscal Years Ended
Income Statement Classification:June 25,
2017
 June 26,
2016
 June 28,
2015
Cost of revenue, net
$10,427
 
$12,394
 
$12,836
Research and development10,619
 13,842
 16,524
Sales, general and administrative26,679
 32,492
 34,939
Total stock-based compensation expense
$47,725
 
$58,728
 
$64,299
Stock-based compensation expense may differ from the impact of stock-based compensation to additional paid in capital due to manufacturing related stock-based compensation capitalized within inventory.
The weighted averageBlack-Scholes and Monte Carlo option pricing models require the input of highly subjective assumptions. The assumptions listed below represent management's best estimates, but these estimates involve inherent uncertainties and the application of management judgment. As a result, if other assumptions had been used, recorded share-based compensation expense could have been materially different from that depicted above.
The range of assumptions used to value stock option grantsissued under the ESPP were as follows:
Fiscal Years Ended
June 26, 2022June 27, 2021June 28, 2020
Risk-free interest rate0.03 - 2.10%0.03 - 0.17%0.12 - 2.67%
Expected life, in years0.5 - 1.00.5 - 1.00.5 - 1.0
Volatility60.6 - 69.4%52.4 - 82.6%34.5 - 82.6%
Dividend yield— — — 
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 Fiscal Years Ended
Stock Option Grants:June 25,
2017
 June 26,
2016
 June 28,
2015
Risk-free interest rate1.06% 1.18% 1.17%
Expected life, in years3.80
 3.66
 3.54
Expected volatility42.4% 43.3% 45.2%
Dividend yield
 
 
The range of assumptions used for issued performance units valued using the Monte Carlo model were as follows:
 Fiscal Years Ended
June 26, 2022June 27, 2021June 28, 2020
Risk-free interest rate0.35% 0.11 - 1.66%0.28 - 1.66%
Expected life, in years3.03.03.0
Average volatility of peer companies65.0% 48.9 - 60.5%48.9 - 55.2%
Average correlation coefficient of peer companies0.47 0.36 - 0.510.36 - 0.45
Dividend yield— — — 
There was only one grant for performance-based awards with market conditions for the fiscal year ended June 26, 2022 and therefore no range is shown.
The following describes each of these assumptions and the Company’s methodology for determining each assumption:
Risk-Free Interest Rate
The Company estimates the risk-free interest rate using the U.S. Treasury bill rate with a remaining term equal to the expected life of the award.
Expected Life
The expected life represents the period that the stock option awards are expected to be outstanding. In determining the appropriate expected life of its stock options, the Company segregates its grantees into categories based upon employee levels that are expected to be indicative of similar option-related behavior. The expected useful lives for each of these categories are then estimated giving consideration to (1) the weighted average vesting periods, (2) the contractual lives of the stock options, (3) the relationship between the exercise price and the fair market value of the Company’s common stock, (4) expected employee turnover, (5) the expected future volatility of the Company’s common stock, and (6) past and expected exercise behavior, among other factors.
Expected Volatility
The Company estimates expected volatility for the options and ESPP awards giving consideration to the expected life of the respective award, the Company’s current expected growth rate, implied volatility in traded options for its common stock, and the historical volatility of its common stock. For purposes of estimating volatility for use in the Monte Carlo model for the market-based awards, the Company utilizes historical volatilities of the Company and the members of the defined peer group.
Expected Dividend Yield
The Company estimates the expected dividend yield by giving consideration to its current dividend policies as well as those anticipated in the future considering the Company’s current plans and projections. The Company has not historically issued dividends.

Correlation Coefficient
The correlation coefficients are calculated based upon the price data used to calculate the historical volatilities and are used to model the way in which each entity tends to move in relation to its peers.
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Note 1214 – Income Taxes
The following were the components of loss before income taxes (in thousands):taxes:
Fiscal Years Ended
Fiscal Years Ended
June 25,
2017
 June 26,
2016
 June 28,
2015
(in millions of U.S. Dollars)(in millions of U.S. Dollars)June 26, 2022June 27, 2021June 28, 2020
Domestic
($43,195) 
($45,278) 
($41,593)Domestic($289.1)($348.7)($210.3)
Foreign38,531
 21,772
 (42,346)Foreign3.0 8.5 4.7 
Total loss before income taxes
($4,664) 
($23,506) 
($83,939)
Loss before income taxesLoss before income taxes($286.1)($340.2)($205.6)
The following were the components of income tax expense (benefit) (in thousands):
 Fiscal Years Ended
(in millions of U.S. Dollars)June 26, 2022June 27, 2021June 28, 2020
Current:
Federal$0.3 $0.1 ($7.3)
Foreign8.0 0.1 0.2 
State0.1 0.2 0.1 
Total current8.4 0.4 (7.0)
Deferred:
Federal0.7 0.7 1.8 
Foreign(0.1)— (2.8)
State— — — 
Total deferred0.6 0.7 (1.0)
Income tax expense (benefit)$9.0 $1.1 ($8.0)
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 Fiscal Years Ended
 June 25,
2017
 June 26,
2016
 June 28,
2015
Current:     
Federal
$10,304
 
$5,347
 
($12,470)
Foreign7,332
 7,278
 13,327
State900
 1,244
 1,242
Total current18,536
 13,869
 2,099
Deferred:     
Federal68,199
 (26,086) (7,418)
Foreign190
 12,340
 (12,754)
State6,529
 (2,093) (1,174)
Total deferred74,918
 (15,839) (21,346)
Income tax expense (benefit)
$93,454
 
($1,970) 
($19,247)
Actual income tax expense (benefit) differed from the amount computed by applying theeach period's U.S. federal statutory tax rate of 35% to pre-tax earnings as a result of the following (in thousands, except percentages):following:

 Fiscal Years Ended
(in millions of U.S. Dollars)June 26, 2022% of LossJune 27, 2021% of LossJune 28, 2020% of Loss
Federal income tax provision at statutory rate($60.1)21 %($71.4)21 %($43.2)21 %
(Decrease) increase in income tax expense resulting from:
State tax provision, net of federal benefit(2.5)%(1.9)%(1.9)%
Tax exempt interest(0.2)— %(0.1)— %(0.5)— %
(Decrease) increase in tax reserve(0.2)— %— — %(0.3)— %
Research and development credits(5.4)%(4.3)%(3.3)%
Foreign tax credit(0.3)— %(0.4)— %(0.3)— %
Increase (decrease) in valuation allowance(51.6)18 %75.0 (22)%50.3 (25)%
Extinguishment of convertible notes(4.5)%— — %(6.0)%
Stock-based compensation(3.3)%(2.8)%2.1 (1)%
Statutory rate differences— — %1.1 — %1.2 (1)%
Foreign earnings taxed in U.S.6.8 (2)%2.7 (1)%0.3 — %
Other foreign adjustments— — %(0.1)— %0.3 — %
Net operating loss carryback— — %— — %(7.2)%
Provision to return adjustments0.3 — %(0.2)— %(1.3)%
Impact of rate changes0.5 — %2.7 (1)%0.8 — %
Expiration of state credits0.1 — %0.7 — %0.9 — %
Corporate restructuring adjustment129.1 (45)%— — %— — %
Other0.3 — %0.1 — %0.1 — %
Income tax expense (benefit)$9.0 (3)%$1.1 — %($8.0)%
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 Fiscal Years Ended
 June 25,
2017
 % of Loss June 26,
2016
 % of Loss June 28,
2015
 % of Income
Federal income tax provision at statutory rate
($1,632) 35% 
($8,227) 35% 
($29,379) 35%
(Decrease) increase in income tax expense resulting from:           
State tax provision, net of federal benefit(727) 16% (748) 3% (817) 1%
State tax credits(69) 1% (269) 1% (585) 1%
Tax exempt interest(1,243) 27% (2,019) 9% (2,413) 3%
48C investment tax credit(4,383) 94% (4,334) 18% (6,826) 8%
(Decrease) increase in tax reserve(3,587) 77% (80) —% (225) —%
Research and development credits(1,728) 37% (2,138) 9% (2,081) 2%
Foreign tax credit(1,114)
24%
(954)
4%
(389)
—%
Increase (decrease) in valuation allowance108,077
 (2,318)% 9,286
 (39)% 
 —%
Qualified production activities deduction
 —% 
 —% (520) 1%
Stock-based compensation1,389
 (30)% 1,346
 (6)% 2,988
 (4)%
Statutory rate differences(5,162) 111% 2,748
 (12)% 18,738
 (22)%
Foreign earnings taxed in U.S.1,313
 (28)% 1,165
 (5)% 1,793
 (2)%
Foreign currency fluctuations841
 (18)% 748
 (3)% (818) 1%
Other foreign adjustments715
 (15)% 13
 —% (83) —%
Net operating loss carryback494
 (11)%
238
 (1)% 
 —%
Provision to return adjustments165
 (4)% (10) —% 391
 —%
Other105
 (2)% 1,265
 (5)% 979
 (1)%
Income tax expense (benefit)
$93,454
 (2,004)% 
($1,970) 8% 
($19,247) 23%

The tax effects of temporary differences that give rise to significant portions of the deferred tax assets and deferred tax liabilities were as follows (in thousands):follows:
(in millions of U.S. Dollars)June 26, 2022June 27, 2021
Deferred tax assets:
Compensation$11.8 $10.4 
Inventories22.5 13.6 
Sales return reserve and allowance for bad debts5.0 2.3 
Federal and state net operating loss carryforwards321.0 360.6 
Federal credits48.2 42.1 
State credits1.2 1.2 
48C investment tax credits35.7 36.6 
Investments5.3 0.3 
Stock-based compensation7.2 6.1 
Deferred revenue18.9 26.3 
Lease liabilities12.6 6.2 
Other4.7 4.5 
Total gross deferred assets494.1 510.2 
Less valuation allowance(339.2)(414.4)
Deferred tax assets, net154.9 95.8 
Deferred tax liabilities:
Property and equipment(75.1)(36.9)
Intangible assets(19.1)(16.6)
Investments— (1.1)
Prepaid taxes and other(0.6)(0.7)
Foreign earnings recapture(4.3)— 
Taxes on unremitted foreign earnings(7.4)(1.5)
Lease assets(12.6)(6.1)
Convertible notes(38.0)(34.4)
Total gross deferred liability(157.1)(97.3)
Deferred tax liability, net($2.2)($1.5)
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 June 25,
2017
 June 26,
2016
Deferred tax assets:   
Compensation
$3,029
 
$3,176
Inventories21,042
 19,656
Sales return reserve and allowance for bad debts8,480
 6,615
Warranty reserve10,340
 8,013
Federal and state net operating loss carryforwards21,776
 11,443
Federal credits13,425
 8,802
State credits3,507
 3,286
48C investment tax credits23,525
 17,838
Investments796
 872
Stock-based compensation46,922
 48,191
Deferred revenue3,262
 4,159
Other2,522
 2,792
Total gross deferred assets158,626
 134,843
Less valuation allowance(107,544) (10,770)
Deferred tax assets, net51,082
 124,073
Deferred tax liabilities:   
Property and equipment(7,443) (9,549)
Intangible assets(73,692) (69,355)
Investments(4,102) (2,445)
Prepaid taxes and other(1,461) (1,527)
Foreign earnings recapture(2,481) (3,576)
Total gross deferred liability(89,179) (86,452)
Deferred tax (liability) asset, net
($38,097) 
$37,621
The components giving rise to the net deferred tax assets (liabilities) have been included in the Consolidated Balance Sheetsconsolidated balance sheets as follows (in thousands):follows:
Balance at June 26, 2022
Balance at June 25, 2017
Assets Liabilities
Current Noncurrent Current Noncurrent
(in millions of U.S. Dollars)(in millions of U.S. Dollars)AssetsLiabilities
U.S. federal income taxes
$—
 
$—
 
$—
 
($49,103)U.S. federal income taxes$— ($3.2)
Foreign income taxes
 11,763
 
 (757)Foreign income taxes1.0 — 
Total net deferred tax assets/(liabilities)
$—
 
$11,763
 
$—
 
($49,860)
TotalTotal$1.0 ($3.2)
 Balance at June 27, 2021
(in millions of U.S. Dollars)AssetsLiabilities
U.S. federal income taxes$— ($2.5)
Foreign income taxes1.0 — 
Total$1.0 ($2.5)
 Balance at June 26, 2016
 Assets Liabilities
 Current Noncurrent Current Noncurrent
U.S. federal income taxes
$—
 
$26,411
 
$—
 
$—
Foreign income taxes
 12,153
 
 (943)
Total net deferred tax assets/(liabilities)
$—
 
$38,564
 
$—
 
($943)

DuringThe Company weighs all available evidence, both positive and negative, to estimate if sufficient future taxable income will be generated to utilize the third quarter of fiscal 2017, theexisting deferred tax assets by jurisdiction. The Company has concluded that it wasis necessary to recognize a full valuation allowance against its U.S. deferred tax assets and other deferred charges primarily due to the Company’s three-year cumulative pre-tax loss position inas of June 26, 2022. As of June 27, 2021, the U.S. and the termination of the Wolfspeed sale transaction, whichvaluation allowance was anticipated to generate U.S. taxable income. Based on this evaluation, during$292.6 million. For the fiscal year ended June 25, 2017,26, 2022, the Company recorded aincreased the U.S. valuation allowance of $101.8by $46.6 million against its U.S.primarily due to an increase in deferred tax assets. In addition,assets related to the company recognized a relatedcurrent year domestic loss and tax credits generated offset by the current year increase in the domestic deferred tax chargeliability on property and equipment, net.
As of $17.9June 27, 2021, the Luxembourg valuation allowance was $121.8 million.
During As a result of the LED Business Divestiture and the liquidation of the Company’s common stock ownership interest in ENNOSTAR, the Company began reviewing its legal entity structure, including its Luxembourg holding company, during the fourth quarter of fiscal 2016,2021. In the second quarter of fiscal 2022, the Company concluded it is likely that sufficient futureits due diligence and commenced a plan to restructure its Luxembourg holding company, resulting in the recognition of $7.3 million of income tax expense. The $7.3 million of income tax expense represents the net effect of $129.1 million of income tax expense generated from taxable income needed to fully utilize net operating loss carryovers in Luxembourg will not be generated due to additional losses onas a result of the Company’s equity method investment held there. The Company recordedrestructuring plan offset by a $9.5 million valuation allowance against the related deferred tax asset, representing the $32.4 million net operating loss carryover netfull release of tax. During the fiscal year ended June 25, 2017, the Company reduced the valuation allowance against the Company’s Luxembourg net operating loss carryover deferred tax assets, by $1.0 million aswhich totaled $121.8 million. As of June 26, 2022, the Company does not have a result of a decrease in the effectivevaluation allowance against Luxembourg deferred tax rate.assets.
As of June 25, 2017,26, 2022, the Company had approximately $36.2$2.4 million of foreign net operating loss carryovers, of which $32.4less than $0.1 million are offset by a valuation allowance. TheOf the Company's foreign net operating loss carryovers, $2.4 million have no carry forward limitation. As of June 25, 2017,26, 2022, the Company had approximately $39.3$1.5 billion of federal net operating loss carryovers and $313.4 million of state net operating loss carryovers which are fully offset by a valuation allowance. Additionally, the Company had $45.7$83.9 million of federal and $6.3$1.2 million of state income tax credit carryforwards which are fully offset by a valuation allowance. The federal and state net operating loss carryovers will begin to expire in fiscal 2018.2038 and fiscal 2023, respectively. The federal and state income tax credit carryforwards will begin to expire in fiscal 20322031 and fiscal 2018,2023, respectively.
U.S. GAAP requires a two-step approach to recognizing and measuring uncertain tax positions. The first step is to evaluate the tax position for recognition by determining if the weight of available evidence indicates that it is more likely than not that the position will be sustained on audit, including resolution of related appeals or litigation processes, if any. The second step is to measure the tax benefit as the largest amount that is cumulatively more than 50% likely to be realized upon ultimate settlement.
As of June 26, 201627, 2021, the Company’s liability for unrecognized tax benefits was $17.7$7.4 million. During the fiscal year ended June 25, 2017,26, 2022, the Company recognized a $4.4$0.2 million decrease to the liability for unrecognized tax benefits; $3.7 million followingbenefits due to statute expirations, $0.6 million related to settlement of the audit by the Italian Revenue Agency and $0.1 million related to a decrease in the effective tax rate.expiration. As a result, the total liability for unrecognized tax benefits as of June 25, 201726, 2022 was $13.3$7.2 million. If any portion of this $13.3$7.2 million is recognized, the Company will then include that portion in the computation of its effective tax rate. Although the ultimate timing of the resolution and/or closure of audits is highly uncertain, the Company believes it is reasonably possible that approximately $0.2$0.4 million of gross unrecognized tax benefits will change in the next 12 months as a result of statute requirements.requirements or settlement with tax authorities.
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The following is a tabular reconciliation of the Company’s change in uncertain tax positions (in thousands):positions:
Fiscal Years Ended
Fiscal Years Ended
June 25,
2017
 June 26,
2016
 June 28,
2015
(in millions of U.S. Dollars)(in millions of U.S. Dollars)June 26, 2022June 27, 2021June 28, 2020
Balance at beginning of period
$17,727
 
$17,795
 
$18,389
Balance at beginning of period$7.4 $7.4 $8.2 
Decrease related to current year change in lawDecrease related to current year change in law— — — 
Increases related to prior year tax positions
 617
 
Increases related to prior year tax positions— — — 
Decreases related to prior year tax positions(100) (530) (407)Decreases related to prior year tax positions— — — 
Settlements with tax authorities(608) 
 
Settlements with tax authorities— — (0.1)
Expiration of statute of limitations for assessment of taxes(3,681) (155) (187)Expiration of statute of limitations for assessment of taxes(0.2)— (0.7)
Balance at end of period
$13,338
 
$17,727
 
$17,795
Balance at end of period$7.2 $7.4 $7.4 
The Company’sCompany's policy is to include interest and penalties related to unrecognized tax benefits within the Incomeincome tax expense (benefit) expense line item in the Consolidated Statementsconsolidated statements of Loss. Totaloperations. Interest and penalties relating to unrecognized tax benefits recognized in the consolidated statements of operations totaled less than $0.1 million for the fiscal years ended June 26, 2022, June 27, 2021, and June 28, 2020. The Company accrued less than $0.1 million for interest and penalties accrued wererelating to unrecognized tax benefits in the consolidated balance sheets as follows (in thousands):
 June 25,
2017
 June 26,
2016
Accrued interest and penalties
$2
 
($5)
Total interestof June 26, 2022 and penalties recognized were as follows (in thousands):
 Fiscal Years Ended
 June 25,
2017
 June 26,
2016
 June 28,
2015
Recognized interest and penalties (benefit)
$7
 
($15) 
($94)
June 27, 2021.
The Company files U.S. federal, U.S. state and foreign tax returns. For U.S. federal purposes, the Company is generally no longer subject to tax examinations for fiscal years prior to 2014.2017. For U.S. state tax returns, the Company is generally no longer subject to tax examinations for fiscal years prior to 2013.2018. For foreign purposes, the Company is generally no longer subject to examination for tax periods 2007 and prior.prior to 2012. Certain carryforward tax attributes generated in prior years remain subject to examination, adjustment and recapture. On January 20, 2017, the Company settled an ongoing audit by the Italian Revenue Agency for the fiscal year ended June 30, 2013, resulting in immaterial impact on tax expense.
The Company provides for U.S. income taxes on the earnings of foreign subsidiaries unless the subsidiaries’ earnings are considered indefinitely reinvested outside the United States. As of June 25, 2017, U.S. income taxes were not provided for on a cumulative total of26, 2022, the Company has approximately $262.0$206.3 million of undistributed earnings for certain non-U.S. subsidiaries,subsidiaries. The Company has determined that $190.3 million of the $206.3 million of undistributed foreign earnings are expected to be repatriated in the foreseeable future. The Company expects to incur $7.4 million of foreign income taxes upon repatriation of the $190.3 million foreign earnings. As of June 26, 2022, the Company has not provided income taxes on the remaining undistributed foreign earnings of $16.0 million as the Company currently intendscontinues to maintain its intention to reinvest these earnings in these foreign operations indefinitely. If, at a later date, these earnings were repatriated to the U.S.,United States, the Company would be required to pay approximately $0.3 million in taxes on these amounts. Determination of the amount of any deferred tax liability on these undistributed earnings is not practicable.
During the fiscal year ended June 26, 2011, the Company was awarded a tax holiday in Malaysia with respect to its manufacturing and distribution operations. This arrangement allows for 0% tax for 10 years starting in the fiscal year ended June 26, 2011. For the fiscal years 2015, 2016 and 2017, the Company did not meet the requirements for the tax holiday, and as such, no benefit has been recognized.
Note 1315 – Commitments and Contingencies
Warranties
The following table summarizes the changes in the Company’s product warranty liabilities (in thousands):
 Fiscal Years Ended
 June 25,
2017
 June 26,
2016
 June 28,
2015
Balance at beginning of period
$21,531
 
$13,968
 
$6,822
Warranties accrued in current period32,024
 19,866
 9,242
Recall costs accrued in current period
 5,756
 5,418
Expenditures(25,636) (18,059) (7,514)
Balance at end of period
$27,919
 
$21,531
 
$13,968
Product warranties are estimated and recognized at the time the Company recognizes revenue. The warranty periods range from 90 days to 10 years. The Company accrues warranty liabilities at the time of sale, based on historical and projected incident rates and expected future warranty costs. The Company accrues estimated costs related to product recalls based on a formal campaign soliciting repair or return of that product when they are deemed probable and reasonably estimable. The warranty reserves, which are primarily related to Lighting Products, are evaluated quarterly based on various factors including historical warranty claims, assumptions about the frequency of warranty claims, and assumptions about the frequency of product failures derived from quality testing, field monitoring and the Company’s reliability estimates. As of June 25, 2017, $14.3 million of the Company’s product warranty liabilities were classified as long-term.

In June 2015, the Company issued a voluntary recall of its linear LED T8 replacement lamps due to the hazard of overheating and melting. The Company expects the majority of the costs of the recall to be recoverable from insurance proceeds resulting in an immaterial impact to the Company's financial results.
Lease Commitments
The Company primarily leases manufacturing, office, housing and warehousing space under the terms of non-cancelable operating leases. These leases expire at various times through April 2024. The Company recognizes net rent expense on a straight-line basis over the life of the lease. Rent expense associated with these operating leases totaled approximately $7.0 million, $6.6 million and $8.2 million for each of the fiscal years ended June 25, 2017, June 26, 2016 and June 28, 2015, respectively. Certain agreements require that the Company pay property taxes and general property maintenance in addition to the minimum rental payments.
Future minimum rental payments as of June 25, 2017 (under leases currently in effect) are as follows (in thousands):
Fiscal Years Ending
Minimum Rental
Amount
June 24, 2018
$4,905
June 30, 20193,364
June 28, 20202,892
June 27, 20211,350
June 26, 2022692
Thereafter1,259
Total future minimum rental payments
$14,462
Litigation
The Company is currently a party to various legal proceedings. While management presently believes that the ultimate outcome of such proceedings, individually and in the aggregate, will not materially harm the Company’s financial position, cash flows, or overall trends in results of operations, legal proceedings are subject to inherent uncertainties, and unfavorable rulings could occur.  An unfavorable ruling could include moneymonetary damages or, in matters for which injunctive relief or other conduct remedies may be sought, an injunction prohibiting the Company from selling one or more products at all or in particular ways. Were unfavorable final outcomes to occur, there exists the possibility of a material adverse impact on the Company’s business, results of operation,operations, financial position and overall trends. The outcomes in these matters are not reasonably estimable.
Note 14 - Reportable SegmentsGrant Disbursement Agreement (GDA) with the State of New York
The Company’s operatingCompany currently has a GDA with the State of New York Urban Development Corporation (doing business as Empire State Development). The GDA provides a potential total grant amount of $500.0 million to partially and reportable segments are:fully reimburse the Company for certain property, plant and equipment costs related to the Company's construction of its Silicon Carbide device fabrication facility in Marcy, New York.
Lighting Products
87

LED Products
Table of Contents
Wolfspeed
The Company’s CODM reviews segment performanceGDA was signed in the fourth quarter of fiscal 2020 and allocates resources based upon segment revenue and segment gross profit.
Reportable Segments Description
Lighting Products Segment
The Company’s Lighting Products segment primarily consists of LED lighting systems and lamps. Therequires the Company designs, manufactures and sells lighting systems for indoor and outdoor applications, with its primary focus on LED lighting systems for the commercial, industrial and consumer markets. Lighting products are sold to distributors, retailers and direct to customers. The Company's portfolio of lighting products is designed for use in settings such as office and retail space, restaurants and hospitality, schools and universities, manufacturing, healthcare, airports, municipal, residential, street lighting and parking structures, among other applications.

LED Products Segment
The Company’s LED Products segment includes LED chips and LED components.
LED Chips
The Company's LED chip products include blue and green LED chips based on GaN and related materials. LED chips or die are solid-state electronic components used insatisfy a number of applications and are currently available in a variety of brightness levels, wavelengths (color) and sizes. The Company uses LED chips internally in the manufacturing of its LED components. Customers use the blue and green LED chips in a variety of applications including video screens, gaming displays, function indicator lights, and automotive backlights, headlamps and directional indicators. Customers may also combine blue LED chips with phosphors to create white LEDs, which are used in various applications for indoor and outdoor illumination and backlighting, full-color display screens, liquid crystal displays (LCD) backlighting, white keypads and the camera flash function.
LED Components
The Company's LED components include a range of packaged LED products from the Company’s XLamp® LED components and LED modules for lighting applications to the Company’s high-brightness LED components.
The Company’s XLamp LED components and LED modules are designed to meet a broad range of market needs for lighting applications including general illumination (both indoor and outdoor applications), portable, architectural, signal and transportation lighting. The Company uses XLamp LED components in its own lighting products. The Company also sells XLamp LED components externally to customers and distributors for use in a variety of products, primarily for lighting applications.
The Company’s high-brightness LED components consist of surface mount (SMD) and through-hole packaged LED products. The SMD LED component products are available in a full range of colors designed to meet a broad range of market needs, including video, signage, general illumination, transportation, gaming and specialty lighting. The Company's through-hole packaged LED component products are available in a full range of colors, primarily designedobjectives for the signage market and provide users with color and brightness consistency acrossCompany to receive reimbursements through the span of the 13-year agreement. These objectives include maintaining a wide viewing area.
Wolfspeed Segment
The Company’s Wolfspeed segment includes SiC materials, power devices and RF devices.
SiC Materials
The Company’s SiC materials products consistcertain level of crystals, bare and epitaxial wafers. The Company’s SiC materials are targeted for customers who use them to manufacture products for RF, power switching, gemstones and other applications. Corporate, government and university customers also buy SiC materials forlocal employment, investing a certain amount in locally administered research and development directedactivities and the payment of an annual commitment fee for the first six years. Additionally, the Company has agreed, under a separate agreement (the SUNY Agreement), to sponsor the creation of 2 endowed faculty chairs and fund a scholarship program at RFSUNY Polytechnic Institute.
As of June 26, 2022, the annual cost of satisfying the objectives of the GDA and high power devices.the SUNY Agreement, excluding the direct and indirect costs associated with employment, varies from $2.7 million to $5.2 million per year through fiscal 2031.
Power Devices
The Company’s power device products consistAs of SiC Schottky diodes, metal oxide semiconductor field effect transistors (MOSFETs), power modulesJune 26, 2022, the Company has reduced property and gate driver boards. The Company's power products provide increased efficiency, faster switching speedsequipment, net by $285.1 million as a result of GDA reimbursements, of which $149.7 million has been received in cash and reduced system sizean additional $132.5 million and weight over comparable silicon-based power devices. Power products$2.9 million are sold primarily to customers and distributors for userecorded as receivables in power supplies used in computer servers, solar inverters, uninterruptible power supplies, industrial power suppliesother current assets and other applications.
RF Devices
The Company’s RF devices consist of GaN die, high-electron mobility transistors (HEMT) and monolithic microwave integrated circuits (MMICs), which are optimized for military, telecommunications and other commercial applications. The Company's RF devices are made from SiC and GaN and provide improved efficiency, bandwidths and frequency of operation as compared to silicon or GaAs. The Company also provides custom die manufacturing for GaN HEMTs and MMICs that allow a customer to design its own custom RF circuits to be fabricated by the Company, or have the Company design and fabricate products that meet the customer's specific requirements.
Financial Results by Reportable Segment
The table below reflects the results of the Company’s reportable segments as reviewed by the CODM for fiscal 2017, 2016 and 2015. The Company used the same accounting policies to derive the segment results reported below as those used in the Company’s consolidated financial statements.

The Company’s CODM does not review inter-segment transactions when evaluating segment performance and allocating resources to each segment, and inter-segment transactions are not included in the segment revenue presented in the table below. As such, total segment revenue in the table below is equal to the Company’s consolidated revenue.
The Company’s CODM reviews gross profit as the lowest and only level of segment profit. As such, all items below gross profitassets, respectively, in the consolidated statements of loss must be included to reconcile the consolidated gross profit presentedbalance sheets. The Company started receiving cash reimbursements in the table below to the Company’s consolidated loss before income taxes.fourth quarter of fiscal 2021.
In order to determine gross profit for each reportable segment, the Company allocates direct costs and indirect costs to each segment’s cost of revenue. The Company allocates indirect costs, such as employee benefits for manufacturing employees, shared facilities services, information technology, purchasing, and customer service, when the costs are identifiable and beneficial to the reportable segment. The Company allocates these indirect costs based on a reasonable measure of utilization that considers the specific facts and circumstances of the costs being allocated.
Unallocated costs in the table below consisted primarily of manufacturing employees’ stock-based compensation, expenses for profit sharing and quarterly or annual incentive plans and matching contributions under the Company’s 401(k) plan. These costs were not allocated to the reportable segments' gross profit because the Company’s CODM does not review them regularly when evaluating segment performance and allocating resources.
Revenue, gross profit and gross margin for each of the Company's segments were as follows (in thousands, except percentages):
 Revenue Gross Profit and Gross Margin
 Year Ended Year Ended
 June 25,
2017
 June 26, 2016 June 28, 2015 June 25, 2017 June 26, 2016 June 28, 2015
Lighting Products
$701,467
 
$889,133
 
$906,502
 
$196,218
 
$238,242
 
$235,542
Lighting Products gross margin      28% 27% 26%
LED Products550,302
 551,156
 554,987
 151,675
 173,814
 158,955
LED Products gross margin      28% 32% 29%
Wolfspeed221,231
 176,338
 171,016
 103,465
 94,622
 99,721
Wolfspeed gross margin      47% 54% 58%
Total segment reporting
$1,473,000
 
$1,616,627
 
$1,632,505
 451,358
 506,678
 494,218
Unallocated costs      (16,786) (19,604) (20,299)
Consolidated gross profit      
$434,572
 
$487,074
 
$473,919
Consolidated gross margin      30% 30% 29%
Assets by Reportable Segment
Inventories are the only assets reviewed by the Company’s CODM when evaluating segment performance and allocating resources to the segments. The CODM reviews all of the Company's assets other than inventories on a consolidated basis. The following table sets forth the Company’s inventories by reportable segment for the fiscal years ended June 25, 2017 and June 26, 2016.
Unallocated inventories in the table below were not allocated to the reportable segments because the Company’s CODM does not review them when evaluating performance and allocating resources to each segment. Unallocated inventories consisted primarily of manufacturing employees’ stock-based compensation, profit sharing and quarterly or annual incentive compensation and matching contributions under the Company’s 401(k) plan.

Inventories for each of the Company's segments were as follows (in thousands):
 June 25, 2017 June 26, 2016
Lighting Products$145,710
 $172,261
LED Products108,297
 104,544
Wolfspeed26,453
 21,871
Total segment inventories280,460
 298,676
Unallocated inventories3,925
 4,866
Consolidated inventories
$284,385
 
$303,542
Geographic Information
The Company conducts business in several geographic areas. Revenue is attributed to a particular geographic region based on the shipping address for the products. The following table sets forth the percentage of revenue from external customers by geographic area:
 For the Years Ended
 June 25, 2017 June 26, 2016 June 28, 2015
United States56% 59% 57%
China22% 20% 21%
Europe10% 8% 9%
South Korea2% 1% 1%
Japan4% 4% 4%
Malaysia1% 1% 1%
Taiwan1% 1% 1%
Other4% 6% 6%
Total percentage of revenue100% 100% 100%
The following table sets forth the Company’s tangible long-lived assets by country (in thousands):
 June 25,
2017
 June 26,
2016
United States
$483,953
 
$488,342
China94,022
 108,183
Other3,288
 3,198
Total tangible long-lived assets
$581,263
 
$599,723
Note 1516 – Concentrations of Risk
Financial instruments, which may subject the Company to a concentration of risk, consist principally of short-term investments, cash equivalents, accounts receivable and accounts receivable.long-term receivables. Short-term investments consist primarily of municipal bonds, corporate bonds, U.S. agency securities, U.S. treasury securities, commercial paper, and certificates of deposit, and variable rate demand notes at interest rates that vary by security. The Company’s cash equivalents consist primarily of money market funds. Certain bank deposits may at times be in excess of the FDIC insurance limits.
The Company sells its products on account to manufacturers, distributors retailers and others worldwide and generally requires no collateral.
Revenue from Arrow Electronics, Inc.For the fiscal year ended June 26, 2022, two customers represented 12%, 10%20% and 12%18% of revenue, forrespectively. For the fiscal 2017, 2016year ended June 27, 2021, three customers represented 18%, 13% and 2015, respectively. Revenue from The Home Depot, Inc. represented 5%, 8% and 11%10% of revenue, forrespectively. For the fiscal 2017, 2016year ended June 28, 2020, two customers represented 19% and 2015,14% of revenue, respectively.
No other customers individually accounted for more than 10% of revenue for the consolidatedfiscal years ended June 26, 2022, June 27, 2021 and June 28, 2020.
Three customers accounted for 18%, 16% and 14% of the accounts receivable balance atas of June 25, 201726, 2022, respectively. Two customers accounted for 16% and 16% of the accounts receivable balance as of June 27, 2021, respectively. No other customers accounted for more than 10% of the accounts receivable balance as of June 26, 2022 and June 26, 2016.27, 2021.

Arrow Electronics, Inc. is a customer of the LED Products and Wolfspeed segments. The Home Depot, Inc. is a customer of the Lighting Products segment.
Note 1617 – Retirement Savings Plan
The Company sponsors one1 employee benefit plan (the 401(k) Plan) pursuant to Section 401(k) of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended.Code. All U.S. employees are eligible to participate under the 401(k) Plan on the first day of a new fiscal month after the date of hire. Under the 401(k) Plan, there is no fixed dollar amount of retirement benefits; rather, the Company matches a defined percentage of employee deferrals, and employees vest in these matching funds over time. Employees choose their investment elections from a list of available investment options. During the fiscal years ended June 25, 2017, June 26, 20162022, June 27, 2021 and June 28, 2015,2020, the Company contributed approximately $7.3$10.3 million, $7.0$8.0 million and $6.9$7.7 million to the 401(k) Plan, respectively. The Pension Benefit Guaranty Corporation does not insure the 401(k) Plan.
Note 17 – Related Party Transactions18 - Restructuring
The Company has approved various operational plans that include restructuring costs. All restructuring costs are recorded in other operating expense on the consolidated statement of operations.
Corporate Restructuring
In July 2010, Mark Swoboda was appointed Chief Executive Officer of Intematix Corporation (Intematix). Mark Swoboda is2019, the brotherCompany realigned its sales resources as part of the Company’s Chairman, Chief Executive Officer and President, Charles M. Swoboda. ForCompany's transition to a number of yearsmore focused semiconductor company. As a result, the Company recorded $0.6 million in contract termination costs during the fiscal year ended June 28, 2020. The plan has purchased raw materials from Intematix pursuant to standard purchase orders in the ordinary courseconcluded and all expenses have been paid as of business.June 27, 2021.
During fiscal 2017,In September 2020, the Company purchased $2.3 million of raw materials from Intematix, andrealigned certain resources to further focus on areas vital to the Company's growth while driving efficiencies. As a result, the Company had $0.0recorded $2.8 million outstanding payable to Intematixin severance-related costs for the fiscal year ended June 27, 2021. The plan has concluded and all expenses have been paid as of June 25, 2017. During fiscal 2016,27, 2021.
88

In February 2021, the Company purchased $3.9 millionrealigned the structure of raw materials from Intematix, andits Asia sales presence. As a result, the Company had $0.3recorded $0.6 million outstanding payable to Intematix in severance related costs for the fiscal year ended June 27, 2021. The plan has concluded and all expenses have been paid as of June 27, 2021.
In January 2022, the Company commenced a plan to open a global IT shared services hub in Belfast, Northern Ireland in partnership with the Northern Ireland government. As a result, the Company recorded $1.2 million in severance-related costs for the fiscal year ended June 26, 2016.
The Company currently owns approximately 15%2022, all of the common stock of Lextar, an investment that was purchased in December 2014. As discussed in Note 1, “Business,” this investment was accountedwhich is accrued for under the equity method from the date of investment until June 2016 when the Company chose for its representative not to stand for re-election as a member of the Lextar board of directors. During fiscal 2016, the Company purchased approximately $31.7 million of inventory from Lextar and the Company had $7.6 million outstanding payable to Lextar as of June 26, 2016.2022.
Note 18 - Costs Associated with LED BusinessFactory Optimization Restructuring
In June 2015, our Board of Directors approvedMay 2019, the Company started a significant, multi-year factory optimization plan to restructure the LED Products business. The restructuring reduced excess capacityanchored by a state-of-the-art, automated 200mm capable Silicon Carbide and overheadGaN fabrication facility and a large materials factory at its U.S. campus headquarters in order to improve the cost structure moving forward. The primary componentsDurham, North Carolina. As part of the restructuring includeplan, the planned sale or abandonment of certain manufacturing equipment, facility consolidation and the elimination of certain positions. The restructuring activity ended in the second quarter of fiscal 2016. During fiscal 2016, the company realized $18.8 million in LEDCompany has incurred restructuring charges which were partially offset byassociated with the movement of equipment as well as disposals on certain long-lived assets.
In September 2019, the Company announced its intent to build a $1.1new Silicon Carbide device fabrication facility in Marcy, New York to complement the expansion of the Company's Silicon Carbide materials production capacity at its U.S. campus headquarters in Durham, North Carolina.
The factory optimization restructuring plan concluded in fiscal 2022. For the fiscal years ended June 26, 2022, June 27, 2021 and June 28, 2020, the Company expensed $4.8 million, gain on$5.2 million and $9.0 million, respectively, of restructuring charges associated with the salemovement of long-lived assetsequipment related to the factory optimization plan, of which $0.2 million was accrued for as of June 26, 2022. Additionally, the Company expensed $1.3 million and $3.4 million of restructuring which were sold for a value in excess of their estimated net realizable value during fiscal 2016.

The following table summarizes the actual charges incurred (in thousands):
Capacity and overhead cost reductionsAmounts incurred during fiscal year 2015 Amounts incurred during fiscal year 2016 Cumulative amounts incurred through fiscal year 2016 Affected Line Item in the Consolidated Statements of Loss
Loss on disposal or impairment of long-lived assets
$42,716
 
$15,506
 
$58,222
 Loss on disposal or impairment of long-lived assets
Severance expense2,019
 264
 2,283
 Sales, general and administrative expenses
Lease termination and facility consolidation costs1,246
 3,079
 4,325
 Sales, general and administrative expenses
Increase in channel inventory reserves26,479
 
 26,479
 Revenue, net
Increase in inventory reserves11,091
 
 11,091
 Cost of revenue, net
  Total restructuring charges
$83,551
 
$18,849
 
$102,400
  
In the table above, the lease termination costs relate to the relocationassociated with disposals of certain manufacturing operations from a leased facility in Huizhou, China to a company-owned facility which is also in Huizhou, China. In June 2015, the Company ceased using the leased facility and recognized a $0.5 million chargelong-lived assets for the lease contract termination cost.fiscal years ended June 26, 2022 and June 27, 2021, respectively. The Company incurred less expense in connection with the plan than previously projected due to strategic changes in the Company's capacity expansion plans at its Durham and RTP facilities.
In the table above, the severance expense relates to a reduction in manufacturing and support positions. There is not a significant retention period for impacted employees and all severance was paid in fiscal 2016.
Note 19 - Subsequent EventEvents
On April 25, 2017,In July 2022, the Company announced that it intendedreceived an arbitration award in relation to form a joint venture,former customer failing to be called Cree Venture LED Company, Ltd. (Cree Venture LED), with San’an Optoelectronics Co., Ltd. (San’an)fulfill contractual obligations to produce and deliver to market high performing, mid-power lighting class LEDs in an exclusive arrangement to serve the expanding marketspurchase a certain amount of North and South America, Europe and Japan, and serve China and the restproduct over a period of the world on a non-exclusive basis.
Effective July 17, 2017,time. In August 2022, the Company entered into a Shareholders Agreement with San’an and Cree Venture LED pursuant to whichreceived payment for the Company and San’an funded their contributions to Cree Venture LED and agreed upon the management and operation of Cree Venture LED. The Company contributed $5.1 million for a 51% ownership interest and San’an contributed $4.9 million for a 49% ownership interest. Cree Venture LED will have a five-member board of directors, three of which will be designated by the Company and two of which will be designated by San’an.
In connection with forming Cree Venture LED and entering into the Shareholders Agreement, Cree Venture LED and San’an also entered into a manufacturing agreement pursuant to which San’an will supply Cree Venture LED with mid-power LED products, and Cree Venture LED and the Company entered into a sales agency agreement pursuant to which the Company will be the independent sales representative of Cree Venture LEDarbitration award in the exclusive markets, among certainamount of $49.0 million, net of estimated attorneys' fees and other ancillary agreements related tocosts, and will recognize a corresponding gain from arbitration in the transaction.
The Company targets that Cree Venture LED will finish becoming fully established and begin first product qualifications with customers by the endquarter of calendar 2017.

Note 20 – Quarterly Results of Operations - Unaudited
The following is a summary of the Company’s consolidated quarterly results of operations for each of the fiscal years ended June 25, 2017 and June 26, 2016 (in thousands, except per share data):2023.
89
 September 25,
2016
 December 25, 2016 March 26, 2017 June 25,
2017
 Fiscal Year 2017
Revenue, net
$371,231
 
$401,325
 
$341,505
 
$358,939
 
$1,473,000
Cost of revenue, net261,302
 260,759
 255,429
 260,938
 1,038,428
Gross profit109,929
 140,566
 86,076
 98,001
 434,572
Net loss566
 6,219
 (99,013) (5,890) (98,118)
Earnings (loss) per share:         
Basic
$—
 
$0.06
 
($1.02) 
($0.06) 
($1.00)
Diluted
$—
 
$0.06
 
($1.02) 
($0.06) 
($1.00)
          
 September 27,
2015
 December 27,
2015
 March 27,
2016
 June 26,
2016
 Fiscal Year 2016
Revenue, net
$425,489
 
$435,806
 
$366,919
 
$388,413
 
$1,616,627
Cost of revenue, net294,916
 301,361
 257,886
 275,390
 1,129,553
Gross profit130,573
 134,445
 109,033
 113,023
 487,074
Net (loss) income(24,489) 13,442
 152
 (10,641) (21,536)
(Loss) earnings per share:         
Basic
($0.24) 
$0.13
 
$—
 
($0.11) 
($0.21)
Diluted
($0.24) 
$0.13
 
$—
 
($0.11) 
($0.21)

Table of Contents
Item 9. Changes in and Disagreements with Accountants on Accounting and Financial Disclosure
None.
Item 9A. Controls and Procedures
Disclosure Controls and Procedures
Our management, with the participation of our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, has evaluated the effectiveness of our disclosure controls and procedures (as such term is defined in Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e) under the Exchange Act) as of the end of the period covered by this Annual Report. Based on such evaluation, our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer concluded that, as of the end of the period covered by this Annual Report, our disclosure controls and procedures are effective in that they provide reasonable assurances that the information we are required to disclose in the reports we file or submit under the Exchange Act is recorded, processed, summarized and reported within the time periods required by the SEC’s rules and forms and that such information is accumulated and communicated to management, including our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, as appropriate, to allow timely decisions regarding required disclosure.
Changes to Internal Control Over Financial Reporting
There have been no changes to our internal control over financial reporting, as such term is defined in Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f) under the Exchange Act, during the fourth quarter of fiscal 20172022 that materially affected, or are reasonably likely to materially affect, our internal control over financial reporting.
In the course of our ongoing preparations for making management’s report on internal control over financial reporting as required by Section 404 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, from time to time we have identified areas in need of improvement and have taken remedial actions to strengthen the affected controls as appropriate. We make these and other changes to enhance the effectiveness of our internal controls over financial reporting, which do not have a material effect on our overall internal control.
We will continue to evaluate the effectiveness of our disclosure controls and procedures and internal control over financial reporting on an ongoing basis and will take action as appropriate.

Management’s Report on Internal Control Over Financial Reporting
Our management is responsible for establishing and maintaining adequate internal control over financial reporting, as such term is defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f). Our internal control system was designed to provide reasonable assurance to our management and Board of Directors regarding the preparation and fair presentation of published financial statements.
Our internal control over financial reporting includes those policies and procedures that:
(i)pertain to the maintenance of records that, in reasonable detail, accurately and fairly reflect the transactions and dispositions of our assets;
(ii)provide reasonable assurance that transactions are recorded as necessary to permit preparation of financial statements in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles, and that our receipts and expenditures are being made only in accordance with authorizations of our management and directors; and
(iii)provide reasonable assurance regarding prevention or timely detection of unauthorized acquisition, use or disposition of our assets that could have a material effect on the financial statements.
(i)pertain to the maintenance of records that, in reasonable detail, accurately and fairly reflect the transactions and dispositions of our assets;
(ii)provide reasonable assurance that transactions are recorded as necessary to permit preparation of financial statements in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles, and that our receipts and expenditures are being made only in accordance with authorizations of our management and directors; and
(iii)provide reasonable assurance regarding prevention or timely detection of unauthorized acquisition, use or disposition of our assets that could have a material effect on the financial statements.
All internal control systems, no matter how well designed, have inherent limitations. Therefore, even those systems determined to be effective can provide only reasonable assurance with respect to financial statement preparation and presentation.
In making the assessment of internal control over financial reporting, our management used the criteria issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission (COSO) in Internal Control-Integrated Framework (2013 framework). Based on that assessment and those criteria, management has concluded that our internal control over financial reporting was effective as of June 25, 2017.26, 2022.
The effectiveness of our internal control over financial reporting as of June 25, 201726, 2022 has been audited by PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP, an independent registered public accounting firm, as stated in their report in Item 8 of this Annual Report.
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Table of Contents
Item 9B.Other Information
Not applicable.

Item 9C.Disclosure Regarding Foreign Jurisdictions that Prevent Inspections
Not applicable.
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PART III
Certain information called for in Items 10, 11, 12, 13 and 14 is incorporated by reference from our definitive proxy statement relating to our annual meeting of shareholders, which will be filed with the SEC within 120 days after the end of fiscal 2017.2022.
Item 10.Directors, Executive Officers and Corporate Governance
Item 11.Executive Compensation
Item 12.Security Ownership of Certain Beneficial Owners and Management and Related Stockholder Matters
Item 13.Certain Relationships and Related Transactions, and Director Independence
Item 14.Principal Accountant Fees and Services

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PART IV


Item 15.Exhibits and Financial Statement Schedules
(a)(1) and (2) The financial statements and reports of independent registered public accounting firm are filed as part of this Annual Report (see “Index to Consolidated Financial Statements” at Item 8). The financial statement schedules are not included in this item as they are either not applicable or are included as part of the consolidated financial statements.
(a)(3) The following exhibits have been or are being filed herewith and are numbered in accordance with Item 601 of Regulation S-K:
Incorporated by Reference
Exhibit No.DescriptionFiled HerewithFormExhibitFiling Date
Purchase Agreement, dated March 14, 2019, by and between Cree, Inc. and IDEAL Industries, Inc., as amended8-K2.15/16/2019
Asset Purchase Agreement, dated October 18, 2020, between Cree, Inc., SMART Global Holdings, Inc. and Chili Acquisition, Inc., as amended8-K2.13/2/2021
Restated Articles of Incorporation, as amended10-Q3.110/28/2021
Amended and Restated Bylaws, dated October 25, 20218-K3.110/26/2021
Description of the Registered Securities10-Q4.110/28/2021
Indenture, dated as of April 21, 2020, between Cree, Inc. and U.S. Bank National Association8-K4.14/21/2020
Form of 1.75% Convertible Senior Note due 2026 (included in Exhibit 4.2)8-K4.24/21/2020
Indenture, dated as of February 3, 2022, between Wolfspeed, Inc. and U.S. Bank National Association8-K4.12/3/2022
Form of 0.25% Convertible Senior Note due 2028 (included in Exhibit 4.4)8-K4.22/3/2022
2013 Long-Term Incentive Compensation Plan, as amended ("2013 LTIP")10-Q10.310/28/2021
Form of Nonqualified Stock Option Award Agreement under the 2013 LTIP10-Q10.41/22/2014
Form of Restricted Stock Unit Award Agreement under the 2013 LTIP10-Q10.51/22/2014
Form of Master Performance Unit Award Agreement under the 2013 LTIP8-K10.48/29/2014
Form of Performance Share Award Agreement - Section 16 Officer under the 2013 LTIP10-Q10.610/21/2015
Form of Stock Unit Award Agreement (Performance-Based) for Gregg A. Lowe, dated September 27, 2017, under the 2013 LTIP8-K10.39/28/2017
Form of Stock Unit Award Agreement (Performance-Based) under the 2013 LTIP10-K10.418/20/2018
Form of Stock Unit Award Agreement (Time-Based) under the 2013 LTIP10-K10.428/20/2018
Form of Performance Share Award Agreement for Gregg A. Lowe8-K10.19/8/2020
Form of Restricted Stock Unit Award Agreement under the 2013 LTIP for Gregg Lowe10-Q10.410/28/2021
Form of Restricted Stock Unit Award Agreement under the 2013 LTIP for Executive Officers other than Gregg Lowe10-Q10.510/28/2021
Form of Restricted Stock Unit Award Agreement under the 2013 LTIP for Non-Employee Directors10-Q10.610/28/2021
Form of Performance Share Award Agreement under the 2013 LTIP for Gregg Lowe10-Q10.710/28/2021
Form of Performance Share Award Agreement under the 2013 LTIP for Executive Officers other than Gregg Lowe10-Q10.810/28/2021
93

Notice of Grant to Gregg A. Lowe, dated August 23, 20218-K10.18/27/2021
Notice of Grant to Neill P. Reynolds, dated November 21, 20218-K10.111/21/2021
2020 Employee Stock Purchase Plan10-Q10.910/28/2021
Change of Control Agreement for Chief Executive Officer between Cree, Inc. and Gregg A. Lowe, dated September 22, 20178-K10.19/28/2017
First Amendment to Change in Control Agreement (for Chief Executive Officer), dated May 4, 20188-K10.35/4/2018
Cree Severance Plan - Senior Leadership Team, Plan Document and Summary Plan Description, effective as of April 30, 20188-K10.15/4/2018
Form of Participation Agreement Under Cree Severance Plan - Senior Leadership Team8-K10.25/4/2018
Schedule of Compensation of Non-Employee Directors8-K10.11/26/2021
Non-Employee Director Stock Compensation and Deferral Program, as amended and restated10-Q10.1010/28/2021
Form of Cree, Inc. Indemnification Agreement for Directors and Officers8-K10.110/29/2010
Credit Agreement, dated January 9, 2015, by and among Cree, Inc., Wells Fargo Bank, National Association, as administrative agent and lender, E-conolight LLC, a domestic subsidiary of Cree, Inc., as guarantor, and the other lenders party thereto8-K10.11/12/2015
First Amendment to the Credit Agreement, dated September 10, 2015, by and among Cree, Inc., Wells Fargo Bank, National Association, as administrative agent, E-conolight LLC, a domestic subsidiary of Cree, Inc., as guarantor, and the other lenders party thereto10-Q10.41/24/2018
Credit Agreement Consent, dated as of July 13, 2016, by and among Cree, Inc., Wells Fargo Bank, National Association, as administrative agent and lender, E-conolight LLC, a domestic subsidiary of Cree, Inc., as guarantor, and the other lenders party to the Credit Agreement10-Q10.210/19/2016
Second Amendment to Credit Agreement, dated November 13, 2017, by and among Cree, Inc., Wells Fargo Bank, National Association, as administrative agent, E-conolight LLC, a domestic subsidiary of Cree, Inc., as guarantor, and the other lenders party thereto8-K10.111/16/2017
Third Amendment to the Credit Agreement, dated as of August 21, 2018, by and among Cree, Inc., Wells Fargo Bank, National Association, as administrative agent, E-conolight LLC, as guarantor, and the other lenders party thereto10-Q10.110/17/2018
Credit Agreement Consent, dated as of March 14, 2019, by and among Cree, Inc., Wells Fargo Bank, National Association, as administrative agent and lender, E-conolight LLC, a domestic subsidiary of Cree, Inc., as guarantor, and the other lenders party to the Credit Agreement10-Q10.15/3/2019
Fourth Amendment to the Credit Agreement, dated as of December 16, 2019, by and among Cree, Inc., Wells Fargo Bank, National Association, as administrative agent, and the other lenders party thereto8-K10.112/19/2019
Fifth Amendment to the Credit Agreement, dated as of March 27, 2020, by and among Cree, Inc., Wells Fargo Bank, National Association, as administrative agent, and the other lenders party thereto10-Q10.14/30/2020
Sixth Amendment to the Credit Agreement, dated as of October 26, 2021, by and among Wolfspeed, Inc., Wells Fargo Bank, National Association, as administrative agent, and the other lenders party thereto10-Q10.11/27/2022
Seventh Amendment to the Credit Agreement, dated as of January 25, 2022, by and among Wolfspeed, Inc., Wells Fargo Bank, National Association, as administrative agent, and the other lenders party thereto8-K10.11/26/2022
Equity Distribution Agreement by and among Cree, Inc. and Wells Fargo Securities, LLC, BMO Capital Markets Corp., BofA Securities Inc., Canaccord Genuity LLC, Citigroup Global Markets Inc., Credit Suisse Securities (USA) LLC, Goldman Sachs & Co. LLC, Morgan Stanley & Co. LLC and Truist Securities, Inc., dated February 11, 20218-K1.12/11/2021
Form of Confirmation of Call Option Transactions8-K10.12/3/2022
Subsidiaries of the CompanyX
94

EXHIBIT NO.Consent of PricewaterhouseCoopers LLPDESCRIPTIONX
2.1Asset Purchase Agreement, dated as of July 13, 2016, by and among Infineon Technologies AG, Cree, Inc., and Cree Sweden AB (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 2.1 of the Company's Current Report on Form 8-K/A, dated July 13, 2016, filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on July 18, 2016)
3.1Articles of Incorporation, as amended (incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 3.1 to the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended June 30, 2002, as filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on August 19, 2002)
3.2Bylaws, as amended and restated (incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 3.1 to the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K, dated January 27, 2015, filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on January 28, 2015)
4.1Specimen Common Stock Certificate
10.1*2004 Long-Term Incentive Compensation Plan, as amended (incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 10.1 to the Company's Current Report on Form 8-K, dated October 23, 2012, as filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on October 25, 2012)
10.2*Addendum to Form of Master Stock Option Award Agreement Terms and Conditions for Grants of Nonqualified Stock Options to Non-Employee Directors (incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 10.5 to the Company’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarterly period ended September 27, 2009, as filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on October 21, 2009)
10.3*Form of Nonqualified Stock Option Award Agreement for Non-Employee Directors (incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 10.3 to the Company's Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarterly period ended September 23, 2012, as filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on October 17, 2012)
10.4*Form of Master Stock Option Award Agreement for Grants of Nonqualified Stock Options (incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 10.4 to the Company’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarterly period ended September 24, 2006, as filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on November 2, 2006)
10.5*Form of Master Stock Option Award Agreement for Grants of Nonqualified Stock Options (incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 10.4 to the Company’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarterly period ended December 26, 2010, as filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on January 19, 2011)
10.6*Form of Nonqualified Stock Option Agreement (incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 10.4 to the Company's Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarterly period ended September 23, 2012, as filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on October 17, 2012)
10.7*Form of Master Restricted Stock Award Agreement (incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 10.5 to the Company’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarterly period ended September 24, 2006, as filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on November 2, 2006)
10.8*Form of Restricted Stock Award Agreement (incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 10.5 to the Company's Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarterly period ended September 23, 2012, as filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on October 17, 2012)
10.9*Non-Employee Director Stock Compensation and Deferral Program (incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 10.3 to the Company’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarterly period ended September 27, 2009, as filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on October 21, 2009)

10.10*Amendment One to Non-Employee Director Stock Compensation and Deferral Program (incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 10.3 to the Company’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarterly period ended December 26, 2010, as filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on January 19, 2011)
10.11*Cree, Inc. Severance Plan for Section 16 Officers, as amended (incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 10.1 to the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K, dated October 28, 2013, as filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on October 31, 2013)
10.12*Change in Control Agreement for Chief Executive Officer, effective December 17, 2012, between Cree, Inc. and Charles M. Swoboda (incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 10.1 to the Company's Current Report on Form 8-K, dated December 17, 2012, as filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on December 20, 2012)
10.13*Form of Cree, Inc. Change in Control Agreement for Section 16 Officers other than the Chief Executive Officer (incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 10.2 to the Company's Current Report on Form 8-K, dated December 17, 2012, as filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on December 20, 2012)
10.14*Form of Cree, Inc. Indemnification Agreement for Directors and Officers (incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 10.1 to the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K, dated October 25, 2010, as filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on October 29, 2010)
10.15*Form of Master Performance Unit Award Agreement (incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 10.6 to the Company's Current Report on Form 8-K, dated August 30, 2013, as filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on September 5, 2013)
10.16*Form of Stock Unit Award Agreement (Time-Based) (incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 10.7 to the Company's Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarterly period ended September 29, 2013, as filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on October 23, 2013)
10.17*Form of Stock Unit Award Agreement (Performance-Based) (incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 10.8 to the Company's Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarterly period ended September 29, 2013, as filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on October 23, 2013)
10.18*2005 Employee Stock Purchase Plan, as amended (incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 10.2 to the Company's Current Report on Form 8-K, dated October 29, 2013, as filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on October 29, 2013)
10.19*Form of Nonqualified Stock Option Award Agreement (incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 10.4 to the Company's Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarterly period ended December 29, 2013, as filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on January 22, 2014)
10.20*Form of Restricted Stock Unit Award Agreement (incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 10.5 to the Company's Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarterly period ended December 29, 2013, as filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on January 22, 2014)
10.21*Form of Master Performance Unit Award Agreement (incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 10.4 of the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K, dated August 25, 2014, filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on August 29, 2014)
10.22*2013 Long-Term Incentive Compensation Plan, as amended (incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 10.1 of the Company's Current Report on Form 8-K, dated October 25, 2016, filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on October 28, 2016)
10.23Credit Agreement, dated January 9, 2015, by and between Cree, Inc., Wells Fargo Bank, National Association, as administrative agent and lender, E-conolight LLC, a domestic subsidiary of the Company, as guarantor, and the other lenders party thereto (incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 10.1 of the Company's Current Report on Form 8-K, dated January 9, 2015, filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on January 12, 2015)
10.24Credit Agreement Consent, dated as of July 13, 2016, by and between Cree, Inc., Wells Fargo Bank, National Association, as administrative agent and lender, E-conolight LLC, a domestic subsidiary of the Company, as guarantor, and the other lenders party to the Credit Agreement (incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 10.2 to the Company’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarterly period ended September 25, 2016, as filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on October 19, 2016)
10.25*Notice of Grant to Charles M. Swoboda (incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 10.1 of the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K, dated August 23, 2016, filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on August 25, 2016)

10.26*Notice of Grant to Michael E. McDevitt (incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 10.2 of the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K, dated August 23, 2016, filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on August 25, 2016)
10.27*Management Incentive Compensation Plan, as amended and restated (incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 10.4 to the Company's Current Report on Form 8-K, dated August 23, 2016, as filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on August 25, 2016)
10.28*Schedule of Compensation for Non-Employee Directors (incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 10.5 to the Company's Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarterly period ended September 27, 2015, as filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on October 21, 2015)
10.29*Form of Performance Share Award Agreement - Section 16 Officer (incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 10.6 to the Company’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarterly period ended September 27, 2015, as filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on October 21, 2015)
10.30*Change in Control Agreement for Section 16 Officers other than the Chief Executive Officer, dated July 13, 2016, by and between Cree, Inc. and Franco Plastina (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 of the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K, dated July 13, 2016, filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on July 18, 2016)
10.31Termination Agreement, dated as of March 6, 2017, by and between Cree, Inc. and Infineon Technologies AG (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 of the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K, March 6, 2017, filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on March 7, 2017)
10.32*Separation, General Release and Consulting Agreement, dated May 18, 2017, between Cree, Inc. and Charles M. Swoboda (incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 10.1 to the Company's Current Report on Form 8-K, dated May 18, 2017, as filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on May 24, 2017)
21.1Subsidiaries of the Company
23.1Consent of PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP
23.2Consent of KPMG
31.1Certification by Chief Executive Officer pursuant to Rule 13a-14(a) under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as adopted pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002X
31.2Certification by Chief Financial Officer pursuant to Rule 13a-14(a) under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as adopted pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002X
32.1Certification by Chief Executive Officer pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002X
32.2Certification by Chief Financial Officer pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002X
101
99.1**Audited financial statements of Lextar Electronics Corporation as of and for the years ended December 31, 2015 and 2014.
101The following materials from Cree,Wolfspeed, Inc.’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended June 25, 201726, 2022 formatted in Inline XBRL (eXtensible Business Reporting Language): (i) Consolidated Balance Sheets; (ii) Consolidated Statements of Loss;Operations; (iii) Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Loss; (iv) Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows; (v) Consolidated Statements of Shareholders' Equity; and (vi) Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
X
*104The cover page from the Wolfspeed, Inc.'s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended June 26, 2022 formatted in Inline XBRL (included in Exhibit 101)
*Management contract or compensatory plan or arrangement
^
**
The financial statements asPortions of and for the years ended December 31, 2015 and 2014 of Lextar Electronics Corporation, prepared by Lextar and audited by its independent public accounting firm, are included in this Annual Reportexhibit have been omitted pursuant to Rule 3-09601(b)(2) of Regulation S-X.
S-K. The omitted information is not material and is the type of information that the Company customarily and actually treats as private and confidential.



Item 16.Form 10-K Summary
None.
95

Table of Contents
SIGNATURES
Pursuant to the requirements of Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized.
WOLFSPEED, INC.
Date:August 22, 2022
CREE, INC.
Date:August 23, 2017
By:
/s/    CHARLES M. SWOBODA        Gregg A. Lowe
Charles M. SwobodaGregg A. Lowe
Chairman, Chief Executive Officer and President
(Principal Executive Officer)
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, this report has been signed below by the following persons on behalf of the registrant and in the capacities and on the dates indicated.
SignatureTitleDate
/s/ GREGG A. LOWE
Chief Executive Officer and PresidentAugust 22, 2022
Gregg A. Lowe(Principal Executive Officer)
SignatureTitleDate
/s/ CHARLES M. SWOBODA NEILL P.REYNOLDS
Chairman, Chief Executive Officer and PresidentAugust 23, 2017
Charles M. Swoboda
/s/    MICHAEL E. MCDEVITT
Executive Vice President and Chief Financial OfficerAugust 23, 201722, 2022
Michael E. McDevittNeill P. Reynolds(Principal Financial and ChiefPrincipal Accounting Officer)
/s/    CLYDEDARREN R. HOSEIN JACKSON
Chairman and DirectorAugust 23, 201722, 2022
Clyde R. Hosein
/s/    ROBERT A. INGRAM
DirectorAugust 23, 2017
Robert A. Ingram
/s/    DARREN R. JACKSON
DirectorAugust 23, 2017
Darren R. Jackson
/s/    C. HOWARD NYE
DirectorAugust 23, 2017
C. Howard Nye
/s/    JOHN B. REPLOGLE
DirectorAugust 23, 2017
John B. Replogle
/s/    THOMAS H. WERNER
DirectorAugust 23, 2017
Thomas H. Werner
/s/    ANNE C. WHITAKER
DirectorAugust 23, 2017
Anne C. Whitaker


EXHIBIT INDEX
EXHIBIT NO.DESCRIPTION
/s/ GLENDA DORCHAK
DirectorAugust 22, 2022
2.1Glenda DorchakAsset Purchase Agreement, dated as of July 13, 2016, by and among Infineon Technologies AG, Cree, Inc., and Cree Sweden AB (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 2.1 of the Company's Current Report on Form 8-K/A, dated July 13, 2016, filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on July 18, 2016)
3.1Articles of Incorporation, as amended (incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 3.1 to the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended June 30, 2002, as filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on August 19, 2002)
3.2Bylaws, as amended and restated (incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 3.1 to the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K, dated January 27, 2015, filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on January 28, 2015)
4.1Specimen Common Stock Certificate
10.1*2004 Long-Term Incentive Compensation Plan, as amended (incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 10.1 to the Company's Current Report on Form 8-K, dated October 23, 2012, as filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on October 25, 2012)
10.2*Addendum to Form of Master Stock Option Award Agreement Terms and Conditions for Grants of Nonqualified Stock Options to Non-Employee Directors (incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 10.5 to the Company’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarterly period ended September 27, 2009, as filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on October 21, 2009)
10.3*Form of Nonqualified Stock Option Award Agreement for Non-Employee Directors (incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 10.3 to the Company's Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarterly period ended September 23, 2012, as filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on October 17, 2012)
10.4*Form of Master Stock Option Award Agreement for Grants of Nonqualified Stock Options (incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 10.4 to the Company’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarterly period ended September 24, 2006, as filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on November 2, 2006)
10.5*Form of Master Stock Option Award Agreement for Grants of Nonqualified Stock Options (incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 10.4 to the Company’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarterly period ended December 26, 2010, as filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on January 19, 2011)
10.6*Form of Nonqualified Stock Option Agreement (incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 10.4 to the Company's Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarterly period ended September 23, 2012, as filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on October 17, 2012)
10.7*Form of Master Restricted Stock Award Agreement (incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 10.5 to the Company’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarterly period ended September 24, 2006, as filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on November 2, 2006)
10.8*Form of Restricted Stock Award Agreement (incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 10.5 to the Company's Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarterly period ended September 23, 2012, as filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on October 17, 2012)
10.9*Non-Employee Director Stock Compensation and Deferral Program (incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 10.3 to the Company’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarterly period ended September 27, 2009, as filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on October 21, 2009)
10.10*Amendment One to Non-Employee Director Stock Compensation and Deferral Program (incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 10.3 to the Company’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarterly period ended December 26, 2010, as filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on January 19, 2011)
10.11*Cree, Inc. Severance Plan for Section 16 Officers, as amended (incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 10.1 to the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K, dated October 28, 2013, as filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on October 31, 2013)
10.12*Change in Control Agreement for Chief Executive Officer, effective December 17, 2012, between Cree, Inc. and Charles M. Swoboda (incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 10.1 to the Company's Current Report on Form 8-K, dated December 17, 2012, as filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on December 20, 2012)
10.13*Form of Cree, Inc. Change in Control Agreement for Section 16 Officers other than the Chief Executive Officer (incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 10.2 to the Company's Current Report on Form 8-K, dated December 17, 2012, as filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on December 20, 2012)

10.14*Form of Cree, Inc. Indemnification Agreement for Directors and Officers (incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 10.1 to the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K, dated October 25, 2010, as filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on October 29, 2010)
/s/ JOHN C. HODGE
DirectorAugust 22, 2022
10.15*John C. HodgeForm of Master Performance Unit Award Agreement (incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 10.6 to the Company's Current Report on Form 8-K, dated August 30, 2013, as filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on September 5, 2013)
10.16*Form of Stock Unit Award Agreement (Time-Based) (incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 10.7 to the Company's Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarterly period ended September 29, 2013, as filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on October 23, 2013)
10.17*Form of Stock Unit Award Agreement (Performance-Based) (incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 10.8 to the Company's Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarterly period ended September 29, 2013, as filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on October 23, 2013)
10.18*2005 Employee Stock Purchase Plan, as amended (incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 10.2 to the Company's Current Report on Form 8-K, dated October 29, 2013, as filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on October 29, 2013)
10.19*Form of Nonqualified Stock Option Award Agreement (incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 10.4 to the Company's Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarterly period ended December 29, 2013, as filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on January 22, 2014)
10.20*Form of Restricted Stock Unit Award Agreement (incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 10.5 to the Company's Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarterly period ended December 29, 2013, as filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on January 22, 2014)
10.21*Form of Master Performance Unit Award Agreement (incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 10.4 of the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K, dated August 25, 2014, filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on August 29, 2014)
10.22*2013 Long-Term Incentive Compensation Plan, as amended (incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 10.1 of the Company's Current Report on Form 8-K, dated October 25, 2016, filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on October 28, 2016)
10.23Credit Agreement, dated January 9, 2015, by and between Cree, Inc., Wells Fargo Bank, National Association, as administrative agent and lender, E-conolight LLC, a domestic subsidiary of the Company, as guarantor, and the other lenders party thereto (incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 10.1 of the Company's Current Report on Form 8-K, dated January 9, 2015, filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on January 12, 2015)
10.24Credit Agreement Consent, dated as of July 13, 2016, by and between Cree, Inc., Wells Fargo Bank, National Association, as administrative agent and lender, E-conolight LLC, a domestic subsidiary of the Company, as guarantor, and the other lenders party to the Credit Agreement (incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 10.2 to the Company’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarterly period ended September 25, 2016, as filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on October 19, 2016)
10.25*Notice of Grant to Charles M. Swoboda (incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 10.1 of the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K, dated August 23, 2016, filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on August 25, 2016)
10.26*Notice of Grant to Michael E. McDevitt (incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 10.2 of the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K, dated August 23, 2016, filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on August 25, 2016)
10.27*Management Incentive Compensation Plan, as amended and restated (incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 10.4 to the Company's Current Report on Form 8-K, dated August 23, 2016, as filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on August 25, 2016)
10.28*Schedule of Compensation for Non-Employee Directors (incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 10.5 to the Company's Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarterly period ended September 27, 2015, as filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on October 21, 2015)
10.29*Form of Performance Share Award Agreement - Section 16 Officer (incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 10.6 to the Company’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarterly period ended September 27, 2015, as filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on October 21, 2015)
10.30*Change in Control Agreement for Section 16 Officers other than the Chief Executive Officer, dated July 13, 2016, by and between Cree, Inc. and Franco Plastina (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 of the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K, dated July 13, 2016, filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on July 18, 2016)

10.31
/s/ CLYDE R. HOSEIN 
Termination Agreement, dated as of March 6, 2017, by and between Cree, Inc. and Infineon Technologies AG (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 of the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K, March 6, 2017, filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on March 7, 2017)DirectorAugust 22, 2022
Clyde R. Hosein
10.32*Separation, General Release and Consulting Agreement, dated May 18, 2017, between Cree, Inc. and Charles M. Swoboda (incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 10.1 to the Company's Current Report on Form 8-K, dated May 18, 2017, as filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on May 24, 2017)
21.1Subsidiaries of the Company
23.1Consent of PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP
23.2Consent of KPMG
31.1Certification by Chief Executive Officer pursuant to Rule 13a-14(a) under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as adopted pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002
31.2Certification by Chief Financial Officer pursuant to Rule 13a-14(a) under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as adopted pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002
32.1Certification by Chief Executive Officer pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002
32.2Certification by Chief Financial Officer pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002
99.1**Audited financial statements of Lextar Electronics Corporation as of and for the years ended December 31, 2015 and 2014.
101The following materials from Cree, Inc.’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended June 25, 2017 formatted in XBRL (eXtensible Business Reporting Language): (i) Consolidated Balance Sheets; (ii) Consolidated Statements of Loss; (iii) Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Loss; (iv) Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows; (v) Consolidated Statements of Shareholders' Equity; and (vi) Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements

*Management contract or compensatory plan
**
/s/ DUY-LOAN T. LE
DirectorAugust 22, 2022
Duy-Loan T. Le
The financial statements as of and for the years ended December 31, 2015 and 2014 of Lextar Electronics Corporation, prepared by Lextar and audited by its independent public accounting firm, are included in this Annual Report pursuant to Rule 3-09 of Regulation S-X./s/ JOHN B. REPLOGLE
DirectorAugust 22, 2022
John B. Replogle
/s/ MARVIN A. RILEY
DirectorAugust 22, 2022
Marvin A. Riley
/s/ THOMAS H. WERNER
DirectorAugust 22, 2022
Thomas H. Werner



99
96