Table of Contents

United States
Securities and Exchange Commission
Washington, D.C. 20549
 
Form 10-K
 
(Mark One)
ANNUAL REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934
For the fiscal year ended December 31, 20202023

or

TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934
For the transition period from         to     

Commission file number 000-24498

dhil-20201231_g1.jpgDH_Logo_No Tagline_Black.jpg

DIAMOND HILL INVESTMENT GROUP, INC.

(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)

Ohio 65-0190407
(State of
incorporation)
 (I.R.S. Employer
Identification No.)
325 John H. McConnell Blvd, Suite 200, Columbus, Ohio 43215
(Address of principal executive offices) (Zip Code)

Registrant’s telephone number, including area code: (614) 255-3333

Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:
Title of each classTrading Symbol Name of each exchange on which registered
Common shares, no par valueDHIL The NASDAQNasdaq Stock Market

Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(g) of the Act: None

 
Indicate by check mark if the registrant is a well-known seasoned issuer, as defined in Rule 405 of the Securities Act.    Yes      No  
Indicate by check mark if the registrant is not required to file reports pursuant to Section 13 or Section 15(d) of the Act.     Yes      No  
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days.    Yes      No  
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically every Interactive Data File required to be submitted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§ 232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit such files).    Yes      No  
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, a smaller reporting company, or an emerging growth company. See the definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer,” “smaller reporting company,” and “emerging growth company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.
Large accelerated filer   Accelerated filer 
Non-accelerated filer   Smaller reporting company 
Emerging growth company 

If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act.

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has filed a report on and attestation to its management’s assessment of
the effectiveness of its internal control over financial reporting under Section 404(b) of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act (15 U.S.C.
7262(b)) by the registered public accounting firm that prepared or issued its audit report.

If securities are registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act, indicate by check mark whether the financial statements of the registrant included in the filing reflect the correction of an error to previously issued financial statements.

Indicate by check mark whether any of those error corrections are restatements that required a recovery analysis of incentive-based compensation received by any of the registrant’s executive officers during the relevant recovery period pursuant to §240.10D-1(b).
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act). Yes      No  
The aggregate market value of the registrant’s common shares (the only common equity of the registrant) held by non-affiliates on the NASDAQThe Nasdaq Global Select Market was $353,257,260,$483,389,072, based on the closing price of $113.67$171.30 on June 30, 2020.2023. For these purposes only, calculation of holdings by non-affiliates is based upon the assumption that the registrant’s executive officers and directors are affiliates.
The number of shares outstanding of the issuer’s common stock, asAs of February 25, 2021, is 3,160,41928, 2024, the registrant had 2,843,585 outstanding common shares.
Documents Incorporated by Reference
Portions of the registrant’s definitive Proxy Statement for the 2021its 2024 Annual Meeting of Shareholders to be filed pursuant to Regulation 14A under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, are incorporated by reference into Part III of this Annual Report on Form 10-K.



Table of Contents
Diamond Hill Investment Group, Inc.
Form 10-K
For the Fiscal Year Ended December 31, 20202023
Index
Required InformationPage

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Table of Contents
PART I

Item 1.Business
Cautionary Note Regarding Forward-Looking Statements
Throughout thisThis Annual Report on Form 10-K and(this “Form 10-K”), the documents incorporated herein by reference and statements, whether oral or written, made from time to time by representatives of Diamond Hill Investment Group, Inc., an Ohio corporation organized in 1990 (“Diamond Hill”DHIL”, and collectively with its subsidiaries, the “Company,” “we,” “our,” and “us”), may make forward-looking statementscontain or incorporate “forward-looking statements” within the meaning of the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995, as amended (the “PSLR Act”), Section 27A of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the “1933“Securities Act”), and Section 21E of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the “Exchange Act”). Such statements are provided under the “safe harbor” protection of the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995.PSLR Act. Forward-looking statementsinclude, but are not limited to, statements regarding anticipated operating results, prospects and levels of assets under management, technological developments, economic trends (including interest rates and market volatility), expected transactions and similar matters. The words “may,” “believe,” “expect,” “anticipate,” “target,” “goal,” “project,” “estimate,” “guidance,” “forecast,” “outlook,” “would,” “will,” “continue,” “likely,” “should,” “hope,” “seek,” “plan,” “intend,” and variations of such words and similar expressions identify such forward-looking statements. Similarly, descriptions of the Company’s objectives, strategies, plans, goals, or targets are also forward-looking statements. Forward-looking statements whichare based on our expectations at the time such statements are made, speak only as of the date made.dates they are made and are susceptible to a number of risks, uncertainties and other factors. While we believethe Company believes that the assumptions underlying ourits forward-looking statements are reasonable, investors are cautioned that any of the assumptions could prove to be inaccurate and, accordingly, ourthe Company's actual results and experiences couldmay differ materially from the anticipated results or other expectations expressed in ourits forward-looking statements.
Factors that couldmay cause such actual results or experiences to differ materially from results discussed in the forward-looking statements include, but are not limited to: (i) any reduction in ourthe Company's assets under management (“AUM”) or assets under advisement (“AUA”); (ii) withdrawal, renegotiation, or termination of investment advisory agreements; (iii) damage to ourthe Company's reputation; (iv) failure to comply with investment guidelines or other contractual requirements; (v) challenges from the competition we facethe Company faces in ourits business; (vi) challenges from industry trends towards lower fee strategies and model portfolio arrangements; (vii) adverse regulatory and legal developments; (vii)(viii) unfavorable changes in tax laws or limitations; (viii)(ix) interruptions in or failure to provide critical technological service by usthe Company or third parties; (ix)(x) adverse civil litigation and government investigations or proceedings; (x)(xi) failure to adapt to or successfully incorporate technological changes, such as artificial intelligence, into the Company’s business; (xii) risk of loss on ourthe Company's investments; (xi)(xiii) lack of sufficient capital on satisfactory terms; (xii)(xiv) losses or costs not covered by insurance; (xiii) impairment of goodwill or intangible assets; (xiv)(xv) a decline in the performance of ourthe Company's products; (xv)(xvi) changes in interest rates; (xvi)rates and inflation; (xvii) changes in national and local economic and political conditions; (xvii)(xix) the continuing economic uncertainty in various parts of the world; (xviii) the effectsafter-effects of the COVID-19 pandemic and the actions taken in connection therewith; (xix)(xx) political uncertainty caused by, among other things, political parties, economic nationalist sentiments, tensions surrounding the current socioeconomic landscape,landscape; and (xix), other risks identified from time-to-time in otherour public documents on file with the U. S.U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”), including those discussed below in Item 1A.1A of this Form 10-K.
We do not undertakeForward-looking statements attributable to the Company or planany person acting on its behalf are expressly qualified in their entirety by the cautionary statements above, in Item 1A of this Form 10-K, and in our other public documents on file with the SEC. New risks and uncertainties arise from time to time, and factors that the Company currently deems immaterial may become material, and it is impossible for the Company to predict these events or how they may affect it. The Company undertakes no obligation to update or revise any such forward-looking statements to reflect actual results, changes in plans, assumptions, estimates or projections, or other circumstances occurring after the date they are made, whether as a result of this Annual Reportnew information, future events or developments, except as required by federal securities laws, although it may do so from time to time. Readers are advised to consult any further disclosures the Company makes on Form 10-K, even if such results, changes, or circumstances make it clearrelated subjects in its public announcements and SEC filings. The Company does not endorse any projections regarding future performance that any forward-looking information will notmay be realized. If there are any future public statements or disclosuresmade by us which modify or impact anythird parties.

3

Table of the forward-looking statements contained in or accompanying this Annual Report on Form 10-K, such statements or disclosures will be deemed to modify or supersede such statements in this Annual Report on Form 10-K. Throughout this Annual Report on Form 10-K, when we use the terms the “Company,” “management,” “we,” “us,” and “our,” we mean Diamond Hill and its subsidiaries.Contents
Overview
Diamond Hill, an Ohio corporation organized in April 1990,DHIL derives its consolidated revenue and net income from investment advisory and fund administration services provided by its wholly owned subsidiary, Diamond Hill Capital Management, Inc., andan Ohio corporation (“DHCM”). DHCM is a registered investment adviser under the Investment Advisers Act of 1940, as amended (the “Advisers Act”), and is the investment adviser and administrator for the Diamond Hill Funds, a series of open-end mutual funds (each a “Fund,” and collectively, the “Funds”). DHCM sponsors, distributes, andalso provides investment advisory and related services to clients through the Diamond Hill Funds (eachMicro Cap Fund, LP (“DHMF”), a “Fund”, and collectively, the “Funds”private fund, as well as, separately managed accounts, collective investment trusts (“CITs”), other pooled vehicles including sub-advised mutual funds, and separately managed accounts.model delivery programs.
DHCM isThe Company believes focusing on generating excellent, long-term investment outcomes and building enduring client partnerships will enable it to grow its intrinsic value to achieve a client-centric organization committed to a set ofcompelling, long-term return for its shareholders.
The Company accomplishes this through its shared investment principles, and core values intended to enable excellent investment outcomes for clients. By committing to valuation disciplinedincluding: (i) valuation-disciplined active portfolio management, (ii) fundamental bottom-up research, and(iii) a long-term, business ownerbusiness-owner mindset, DHCM has createdand (iv) a suite of investment strategies designed for long-term strategic allocations from institutionally-oriented investors. DHCM’s core values of curiosity, ownership, trust, and respect create an environment where investment professionals can focus on results and all teammates focus on the overall client experience. The combination of these investment principles and core values create an aligned boutique model ensuring associates succeed when clients succeed. This alignment with clientsphilosophy that ensures clients’ interests come first. Client alignment is emphasized through: (i) a strategic capacity discipline that protects portfolio managers’ abilities to generate excess returns, (ii) personal investment by Diamond Hill employeesportfolio managers in the strategies managed, (ii)they manage, (iii) portfolio manager compensation being driven by long-term investment results in client portfolios, and (iv) a fee philosophy focused on a fair sharing of the economics among clients, employees, and shareholders, (iii)shareholders. The Company’s core cultural values of curiosity, ownership, trust, and respect create an environment where investment professionals focus on investment results and all teammates focus on the overall client experience.
The Company offers a strict adherence to capacity discipline ensuring the ability to add valuevariety of investment strategies designed for existing clients, and (iv) compensation driven by the value created.long-term strategic allocations from institutionally oriented investors in key asset classes, aligning its investment team’s competitive advantages with its clients’ needs.
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Assets Under Management
Our primary objective is to fulfill our fiduciary duty to our clients. Our secondary objective is to grow our intrinsic value to achieve an adequate long-term return for our shareholders.
Investment Advisory Activities
Investment Advisory Fees
OurDHCM’s principal source of revenue is investment advisory fee income earned from managing client accounts under investment advisory and sub-advisory agreements. The fees earned depend on the type of investment strategy, account size, and servicing requirements. RevenuesDHCM’s revenues depend largely on the total value and composition of its AUM. Accordingly, net cash flows from clients, market fluctuations, in client portfolios, and the composition of AUM impact ourthe Company’s revenues and results of operations. WeDHCM also havehas certain agreements that allow usit to earn performance-based fees if investment returns exceed targeted amounts duringover a specified measurement period.
Model Delivery Programs - Assets Under ManagementAdvisement

DHCM provides strategy-specific model portfolios to sponsors of model delivery programs. DHCM is paid for its services by the program sponsors at a pre-determined rate based on AUA in the model delivery programs. DHCM does not have discretionary investment authority over individual client accounts in the model delivery programs, and therefore, the AUA is not included in the Company’s AUM.
The Company’s revenues are highly dependent on both the value and composition of AUM and AUA. The following tables showis a summary of the Company’s AUM by product and investment objective, as well as net client cash flows,strategy, a roll-forward of the change in AUM, and a summary of AUA for each of the past five years ended December 31, 2020:2023:
Assets Under Management
As of December 31,
Assets Under Management and Assets Under Advisement
As of December 31,
Assets Under Management and Assets Under Advisement
As of December 31,
(in millions)(in millions)20202019201820172016(in millions)20232022202120202019
Proprietary funds$17,615 $16,148 $13,440 $15,974 $13,618 
Sub-advised funds3,185 2,029 1,358 1,518 1,445 
Diamond Hill Funds
Separately managed accountsSeparately managed accounts5,611 5,222 4,310 4,825 4,318 
Collective investment trusts
Other pooled vehicles
Total AUMTotal AUM$26,411 $23,399 $19,108 $22,317 $19,381 
Total AUA
Total AUM and AUA
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Assets Under Management
by Investment Strategy
As of December 31,
(in millions)20202019201820172016
Small Cap$556 $795 $1,048 $1,525 $1,843 
Small-Mid Cap2,810 3,243 2,770 3,528 3,329 
Mid Cap992 569 143 130 59 
Large Cap15,075 12,316 9,611 10,864 8,494 
Large Cap Concentrated27 28 26 
All Cap Select446 528 432 444 402 
Long-Short2,056 3,605 3,767 4,980 4,613 
Global/International33 35 18 
Total Equity21,995 21,119 17,815 21,480 18,745 
Short Duration Securitized Bond1,132 809 579 313 197 
Core Fixed Income541 300 55 44 40 
Long Duration Treasury62 52 52 — — 
Corporate Credit2,020 1,147 757 668 549 
High Yield724 135 54 31 32 
Total Fixed Income4,479 2,443 1,497 1,056 818 
Total Equity and Fixed Income26,474 23,562 19,312 22,536 19,563 
  (Less: Investments in affiliated funds)(a)
(63)(163)(204)(219)(182)
Total AUM$26,411 $23,399 $19,108 $22,317 $19,381 

Assets Under Management
by Investment Strategy
As of December 31,
(in millions)20232022202120202019
U.S. Equity
Large Cap$17,307 $16,478 $21,285 $15,075 $12,316 
Small-Mid Cap2,588 2,646 3,183 2,810 3,243 
Mid Cap1,023 899 1,165 992 569 
Select593 392 438 446 528 
Small Cap255 306 597 556 795 
Large Cap Concentrated98 99 64 27 28 
Micro Cap21 15 16 — — 
Total U.S. Equity21,885 20,835 26,748 19,906 17,479 
Alternatives
Long-Short1,725 1,752 1,998 2,056 3,605 
Total Alternatives1,725 1,752 1,998 2,056 3,605 
Global/International Equity
International109 52 56 17 13 
Global(a)
— — — 16 22 
Total Global/International Equity109 52 56 33 35 
Fixed Income
Short Duration Securitized Bond1,948 1,308 1,613 1,132 809 
Core Fixed Income1,735 792 622 541 300 
Long Duration Treasury26 33 51 62 52 
Corporate Credit(b)
— — — 2,020 1,147 
High Yield(b)
— — — 724 135 
Total Fixed Income3,709 2,133 2,286 4,479 2,443 
Total-All Strategies27,428 24,772 31,088 26,474 23,562 
  (Less: Investments in affiliated funds)(c)
(10)(9)(60)(63)(163)
Total AUM27,418 24,763 31,028 26,411 23,399 
Total AUA(d)
1,746 1,802 2,098 1,099 933 
Total AUM and AUA$29,164 $26,565 $33,126 $27,510 $24,332 
(a) The Diamond Hill Global Fund was liquidated on December 17, 2021.
(b) The Diamond Hill Corporate Credit and the Diamond Hill High Yield investment advisory contracts (the “High Yield-Focused Advisory Contracts”) were sold to Brandywine Global Investment Management, LLC (“Brandywine Global”) effective July 30, 2021.
(c) Certain of the Funds own shares of the Diamond Hill Short Duration Securitized Bond Fund. The Company reduces itsthe total AUM of each Fund that holds such shares by thesethe AUM of the investments held in this affiliated fund.Fund.

(d) AUA is primarily comprised of model portfolio assets related to the Large Cap and Select strategies.
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Change in Assets Under Management
For the Year Ended December 31,
Change in Assets Under Management
For the Year Ended December 31,
Change in Assets Under Management
For the Year Ended December 31,
(in millions)(in millions)20202019201820172016(in millions)20232022202120202019
AUM at beginning of the yearAUM at beginning of the year$23,399 $19,108 $22,317 $19,381 $16,841 
Net cash inflows (outflows)Net cash inflows (outflows)
proprietary funds879 (499)(978)843 548 
sub-advised funds713 216 (25)(164)639 
separately managed accounts(63)(394)(99)(254)(1,023)
1,529 (677)(1,102)425 164 
Diamond Hill Funds
Diamond Hill Funds
Diamond Hill Funds
Separately managed accounts
Collective investment trusts
Other pooled vehicles
(494)
Sale of High Yield-Focused Advisory Contracts
Net market appreciation/(depreciation) and incomeNet market appreciation/(depreciation) and income1,483 4,968 (2,107)2,511 2,376 
Increase (decrease) during the yearIncrease (decrease) during the year3,012 4,291 (3,209)2,936 2,540 
AUM at end of the yearAUM at end of the year$26,411 $23,399 $19,108 $22,317 $19,381 
AUA at end of year
Total AUM and AUA at end of year
Capacity
OurThe Company’s ability to retain and grow ourits AUM has been, and will continue to be, primarily driven by delivering attractive long-term investment results, which requires strict adherence to capacity discipline. InIf the event that we determine thatCompany determines the size of a strategy could begin to hinder ourimpede its ability to add value for our clients based on the strategy’smeet investment return goals, wethe Company will close that strategy to new clients. OurThe Company’s commitment to capacity discipline inherently impacts ourits ability to grow ourits AUM. Investment results will always be prioritized over asset accumulation. As
The Company’s capacity as of December 31, 2020, our Small-Mid Cap strategy remains closed to new investors. We anticipate closing our Large Cap strategy to most new investors by the end of the first quarter of 2021.

Total capacity is2023 was estimated to be $30 – 40 billion for our existing domestic equity strategies, at least $15 billion for our International and Global strategies, and at least $40 billion for our existingto $50 billion in domestic equities, $20 billion to $30 billion in international equities, and $50 billion to $65 billion in fixed income strategies.  Total firm capacity is not the sum of the individual strategy capacities as it is affected by overlap of investment opportunity across strategies.  Firm levelincome. The Company’s firm-level capacity increases with the development of new products or strategies.
Growth Strategy
As a deliberately capacity constrained organization,The Company’s growth is intentional and centers first and foremost on delivering an investment and client experience that enables investors to haveexperience better outcomes over the long term. Our core values and aligned boutique model encourage development oflong-term. The Company’s client alignment philosophy guides it to develop strategies and offer vehicles that are designed to meet clients’ objectives, capitalize on its investment team’s research capabilities, and embody our sharedalign with its investment principles.
There is ample opportunity for growth within more recently developed strategies. In 2021, the International, Core Bond, and Short Duration Securitized Bond strategies will reach their five-year track records. All three strategies have shown the ability to exceed their investment objectives and serve important strategic roles in client portfolios.
There are three natural extensions of our current strategies that we will expand on in early 2021. We will extend our Large Cap Concentrated strategy to be available as a new fund in our Diamond Hill Funds lineup. We will launch a limited partnership focused on micro-cap companies allowing us to leverage our experience evaluating small publicly traded business. We are also working on the expansion of our fixed income separate account offerings with additional securitized bond strategies. We continue to develop and identify new long-term oriented investment offerings that meet client objectives and align with our investment principles.
We provide investment advisory services primarily to institutions and through intermediaries who utilize institutional decision-making processes. We lookThe Company looks to attract like-minded, long-term focused clients across all ourof its offerings. We have dedicated resources to developing distribution technology and content led marketing efforts. These initiatives supplement and make moreTo ensure efficient the business development and relationship management, the Company has dedicated resources toward content-led marketing and sales enablement efforts. We believeThe Company believes that the combination of all these efforts will lead to a deeper understanding of ourits investment strategies, and ultimately, longer holding periods for investors.
The Company focuses its efforts primarily on asset allocators with centralized research teams, allowing efficient delivery of services to a larger and more diverse client base. These highly sophisticated buyers conduct deep research and pair the Company’s strategies with complementary strategies to meet holistic client objectives. These asset allocators include centralized research teams at institutional consulting firms, wirehouses, banks, independent broker dealers, and independent registered investment advisory firms. The Company aims to partner with investors who maintain a long-term orientation and align with its investment principles.





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Distribution Channels
OurThe Company offers a variety of investment advisory services are distributed through multiple channels. Belowstrategies designed for long-term strategic allocations from institutionally-oriented investors in key asset classes, aligning its investment team’s competitive advantages with its clients’ needs. The following table is a summary of AUM by distribution channel for each of the five years ended December 31, 2020:2023:
AUM by Distribution Channel
As of December 31,
AUM and AUA by Distribution Channel
As of December 31,
AUM and AUA by Distribution Channel
As of December 31,
AUM and AUA by Distribution Channel
As of December 31,
(in millions)(in millions)20202019201820172016
Proprietary funds:
(in millions)
(in millions)
Diamond Hill Funds:
Diamond Hill Funds:
Diamond Hill Funds:
Registered investment adviser
Registered investment adviser
Registered investment adviserRegistered investment adviser$4,315 $3,603 $3,243 $4,010 $3,508 
Independent broker-dealerIndependent broker-dealer4,274 3,563 2,900 3,581 2,922 
Independent broker-dealer
Independent broker-dealer
WirehouseWirehouse3,529 3,026 2,319 2,660 2,011 
Bank Trust2,546 2,907 2,672 3,456 3,175 
Wirehouse
Wirehouse
Bank trust
Bank trust
Bank trust
Defined contribution
Defined contribution
Defined contributionDefined contribution2,716 2,723 1,904 1,840 1,535 
OtherOther235 326 402 427 467 
Total proprietary funds17,615 16,148 13,440 15,974 13,618 
Sub-advised funds3,185 2,029 1,358 1,518 1,445 
Other
Other
Total Diamond Hill Funds
Total Diamond Hill Funds
Total Diamond Hill Funds
Separately managed accounts:
Separately managed accounts:
Separately managed accounts:Separately managed accounts:
Institutional consultantInstitutional consultant2,504 2,397 2,122 2,357 2,074 
Institutional consultant
Institutional consultant
Financial intermediary
Financial intermediary
Financial intermediaryFinancial intermediary2,371 1,777 1,506 1,691 1,358 
DirectDirect736 1,048 682 777 886 
Direct
Direct
Total separately managed accountsTotal separately managed accounts5,611 5,222 4,310 4,825 4,318 
Total separately managed accounts
Total separately managed accounts
Collective investment trusts
Collective investment trusts
Collective investment trusts
Other pooled vehicles
Other pooled vehicles
Other pooled vehicles
Total AUMTotal AUM$26,411 $23,399 $19,108 $22,317 $19,381 
Total AUM
Total AUM
Total AUA(a)
Total AUA(a)
Total AUA(a)
Total AUM and AUA
Total AUM and AUA
Total AUM and AUA
(a) 100% of AUA is from financial intermediaries.
Fund Administration Activities
We provideDHCM provides fund administration services to the Funds. Fund administration services are broadly defined in our administration agreements withto include the Funds asfollowing services: portfolio and regulatory compliance,compliance; treasury and financial oversight,oversight; oversight of back-office service providers, such as the custodian, fund accountant, and transfer agent,agent; and general business management and governance of the mutual fund complex.Funds.
Competition
Competition in the investment management industry is intense, and DHCM’s competitors include investment management firms, broker-dealers, banks, and insurance companies, some of whom offer various investment alternatives, including passive index strategies. Many of DHCM’s competitors are better known, offer a broader range of investment products, and have more dedicated resources for business development and marketing.
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Regulation
Our firm and business areThe Company is subject to various federal, state, and non-U.S. laws and regulations. As a matter of public policy, regulatory bodies are charged with safeguarding the integrity of the securities and other financial markets, and with protecting the interests of participants in those markets, including investment advisory clients and shareholders of investment funds. If an adviser fails to comply with these laws and regulations, agencies that regulate investment advisersthese regulatory bodies have broad administrative powers, including the power to limit, restrict, or prohibit an investment adviser from carrying on its business. Possible sanctions that regulatory bodies may impose include civil and criminal liability, the suspension of individual employees, limitations on engaging in certain lines of business for specified periods of time, revocation of investment adviser, broker-dealer, and other registrations, censures, and fines.
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DHCM is registered with the SEC under the Advisers Act and operates in a highly regulated environment. The Advisers Act imposes numerous obligations on registered investment advisers, including fiduciary duties, recordkeeping requirements, operational requirements, and disclosure obligations. All of the Funds are registered with the SEC under the Investment Company Act of 1940, as amended (the “1940(“1940 Act”), and are required to make notice filings with all states where the Funds are offered for sale. Virtually all aspects of ourDHCM’s investment advisory and fund administration business are subject to various federal and state laws and regulations.
DHCM is a “fiduciary” under the Employee Retirement Income Security Act of 1974, as amended (“ERISA”), with respect to benefit plan clients, and therefore, is subject to ERISA regulations. ERISA and applicable provisions of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended, impose certain duties on persons who are fiduciaries, prohibit certain transactions involving ERISA plan clients, and provide monetary penalties for violations of these prohibitions. The U.S. Department of Labor, which administers ERISA, has been increasingly active in proposing and adopting regulations affecting the asset management industry.
OurDHCM’s trading activities for client accounts are regulated by the SEC under the Exchange Act, which includes regulations governing trading on inside information, market manipulation, and a broad number of trading and market regulation requirements in the United States (e.g., volume limitations and reporting obligations).States.
The preceding descriptions of the regulatory and statutory provisions applicable to usDHCM are not exhaustive or complete and are qualified in their entirety by reference to theirthe respective statutory or regulatory provisions. Failure to comply with these requirements could have a material adverse effect on ourDHCM’s business.
Contractual Relationships with the Funds
We areDHCM is highly dependent on ourits contractual relationships with the Funds. If any of ourDHCM’s advisory or administration agreements with the Funds were terminated or not renewed, or were amended or modified to reduce fees, weDHCM would be materially and adversely affected. WeDHCM generated approximately 75%68%, 77%71%, and 79%69% of our 2020, 2019,its 2023, 2022, and 20182021 revenues, respectively, from ourits advisory and administrative contractsadministration agreements with the Funds. We believeDHCM believes that we have ait has strong relationshiprelationships with the Funds and their board of trustees, and we haveDHCM has no reason to believe that these advisory or administration contracts will not be renewed in the future. However, there is no assurance that the Funds will choose to continue their relationships with us.DHCM. Please see Item 1A for risk factors regarding this relationship.
Human Capital
OurThe Company believes its people are ourits greatest asset, and each role within ourthe firm contributes to our mission to deliver outstandingits goals of generating excellent, long-term investment outcomes and building enduring client outcomes. As our greatest asset, we diligently care for and invest in our employees. We are a small firm with an important purpose, and we rely on each other and our positive culture to create the environment which allows us to deliver on our vision.partnerships.
Workforce Data
Attracting, developing, and retaining talented employees is an integral aspect of ourto the Company’s human capital strategy and critical to ourits success. We dependThe Company depends on highly skilled personnel, both investment professionals and business professionals, many of whom havewith specialized expertise and extensive experience in the investment management industry. As of December 31, 2020, we employed 126 full-time equivalent employees. As of2023 and December 31, 2019,2022, the number ofCompany employed 129 full-time equivalent employees was 129.employees.
OurThe average employee tenure is approximately 6eight years, and more than 20%nearly one-third of ourits employees have been employed by us forwith the Company more than ten10 years. OurThe Company’s five-year average employee turnover rate continues to be well below industry average. We believe these realities reflect employees’ genuine commitment to our clients, our business,is approximately 7%. The Company’s employees are based in 12 states, and each other, as well as our firm’s value proposition.approximately 80% of its employees reside in Ohio.
Competitive Pay and Benefits
Since our founding, aligning our interests directly with the clients we serve has been imperative. Inherent in this alignment is a passion for excellence enabling us to exceed client expectations. To achieve this level of excellence, it is important that consistent with our compensation philosophy, we attract, retain, and motivate associates who embody our values, act like owners, and advocate for client outcomes. We align our employees’ compensation with our overall performance, as well as team and individual results.
We know there are many places exceptional talent can choose to work, which is why we aim to take exceptional care of our employees throughout their career. We believe that their well-being and financial security will enable them to do their best work and advocate for client outcomes. Some of our most competitive package components are:
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Competitive annual compensation comprised of a base salary, discretionary cash incentivePay and Benefits
The Company’s competitive compensation and for certain roles, a long-term equity incentive;benefits are designed to help attract, retain, and motivate employees who embody its values. The Company aligns its employees’ compensation with client outcomes, individual and team results, and company performance.
An equity grant in the first year of joining our firm to instill an ownership mindset;
A market-leading 401k match program; and
Employees are also eligible for health, dental and vision insurance, health savings accounts, telemedicine, flexible time off, paid and unpaid leave, life and disability insurance, paid parental leave, fertility benefits, a wellness program with subsidized gym membership, professional development opportunities including reimbursement for job-related professional designations such as the CFA program, and paid parking.
Our Culture
The Company’s culture emphasizes four key values: curiosity, ownership, trust and respect. The way ourits employees embody ourthese core values creates an exceptional corporatethe Company’s culture. The culture that differentiates ourallows the Company to attract and retain employees who share its commitment to client alignment, are motivated by investment excellence, and are committed to delivering excellent outcomes.
Employees who are curious focus on continuous self-improvement and have a passion for learning. They are open-minded, seek differing perspectives, and go beyond surface-level assumptions. Employees who think and act like business from other firms.owners naturally embrace a long-term mindset. They lead by example and accept accountability for ensuring strong client outcomes. Employees who embrace trust act with integrity, are authentic and honest in interactions with others, and put client interests ahead of all others. Employees who are motivated by giving and receiving respect communicate and provide feedback candidly, transparently, and with positive intent. They are humble in their assumptions and listen to better understand others. They embrace, value, and celebrate diversity, inclusion, and differences in all forms.
OurThe Company’s culture revolves around the fact that Diamond HillDHCM is a fiduciary first and foremost. OurThe primary focus is serving our clients and this mindset permeates our organization. We intentionally staff our team to ensure a high level of service to our clients, and we believe our client-centric approach is difficult for competitors to replicate. Ourits clients. The Company’s long-term, value-disciplinedvaluation-disciplined investment philosophy and processprinciples are foundational to who we are as an organizationits culture and have been consistently implemented since the firm’s inception. All members of the investment team believe in, and adhere to, the same philosophy. As a result, our investment professionals focus their efforts solely on finding attractive investment opportunities for clients.
Ourprinciples. The Company’s employees also invest in our strategies alongside our clients. Ourits clients, and portfolio managers have significant personal investments in the strategy or strategies they manage. In addition, DHCM’s Code of Ethics states that all Diamond Hill employees are prohibited from investing in individual securities or competing firms’ funds in segments of the market in which Diamond Hill has an investment strategy. This limitation ensures we continue to focus on finding the best opportunities for client portfolios while avoiding the conflicts of interest inherent in managing personal accounts.
To further ensure our portfolio managers consistently remain focused on achieving the best long-term outcomes possible for our clients, we link the majority of portfolio managers’ annual incentive compensation to trailing five-year investment results of the strategies they manage. We believe that we are one of few firms to focus only on long-term performance, with no separate consideration for one- or three-year returns in evaluating portfolio managers. This approach ensures that our portfolio managers are motivated to make sound long-term investment decisions, rather than on achieving a particular short-term return goal.
Diversity, Equity, and Inclusion
We viewThe Company views diversity, equity, and inclusion (“DEI”) as essential parts of ourits business and operating model to ensure sustainability. Diversity, equity, and inclusion aremodel. DEI is embedded in ourthe policies, practices, and strategic initiatives of the Company, and areis linked to our firm’sits core values.
We believe our goal of being an exceptional active investment boutique that our The Company believes clients trust to deliver excellent long-term investment outcomes is betterare best served by the engagement and encouragement of varied perspectives in decision making asthat engages and encourages varied perspectives.
As of December 31, 2023, females represented 50% of DHIL’s board of directors (“Board”), 66% of the Company’s management team, and approximately 32% of its employees. As of December 31, 2023, racial or ethnic minorities represented approximately 14% of the Company’s workforce and 17% of the Board. Please see additional demographic details on the Company’s website.
DEI is inherent in a diverse team.
Withcontinuous journey, and the Company recognizes that vision in mind, in 2020, we committedtransparency and accountability are critical to several DEI initiatives and measures to ensure our efforts are sustained and positive changes occurdriving real change within ourthe firm, in the industry, and within its community. Learn more about the Company’s DEI philosophy, commitments and annual progress on the Company’s website. The information on our community. More specifically, in 2020:
Along with 750+ other Columbus, Ohio-based business leaders, we signed a letter supporting a Columbus City Council resolution declaring racism a public health issue;
We created an employee-led, DEI advisory group to help guide and prioritizewebsite, including our DEI efforts and ensure our ideas become actions;
Approximately 30% of employees from across the firm have volunteered to be part of our DEI efforts;
We partnered with third parties to increase the number of diverse candidates applying for our open positions and to ensure that we consider a diverse pool of candidates for our full-time and part-time openings and within our intern program;
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We partnered with organizations that assist people of color and women to achieve inclusionannual reports, is not incorporated by reference in the financial services industry and support financial and investment literacy;
We are working to ensure that we are conducting business with vendors who embrace our commitment to DEI;
We created a DEI resource group to raise awareness about a variety of topics and foster understanding; and
At the community level, we pledged $1 million over the next five years to organizations that support anti-racism and DEI efforts.
We believe we should all be held to a higher standard and we pledge our commitment to do so. As of December 31, 2020, females represent 42% of our Board of Directors, 66% of our management team, and 30% of our employees. As of December 31, 2020, minorities represent approximately 14% of our workforce.
Health and Well-Being
Conducting business in the COVID-19 era has heightened the importance of protecting employee health and well-being and has inspired new ways of engaging with a physically distanced workforce. We more acutely recognize the importance of being supportive, open, and flexible in order to retain our great people.
We recognize that individual circumstances are unique and evolving, and that flexible working isor otherwise considered a part of our future. Wethis Form 10-K or any other report or document we file with, or furnish to, the SEC. The Company’s DEI initiatives are committed to offering flexibility to ourdriven by employees to ensure their well-being, safety,across functional teams who are enthusiastic about leading sustainable efforts under four areas of focus: workforce diversity, inclusive culture, vendor and productivity. We support managerspolicy, and employees by providing trainingphilanthropy and mental health support including confidential counseling services, and are continuously exploring new ways of collaborating.
Employee Development / Training
We offer both formal and informal training programs to foster and retain talent. The challenges of 2020 reinforced our belief that continuous learning is vital, far beyond our typical functional scope. Despite the majority of our employees being based in Columbus, Ohio and accustomed to working in the office with access to desktops and desk phones, the COVID-19 pandemic required our business to adapt quickly and seamlessly to new technologies, new hardware and software, and to learn various collaboration tools. In 2020, we also offered LinkedIn Learning licenses to supplement internal and external training.community.
SEC Filings
We maintain an InternetThe Company maintains a website at www.diamond-hill.com. Ourwww.diamond-hill.com. The Company’s Annual Reports on Form 10-K, Quarterly Reports on Form 10-Q, Current Reports on Form 8-K, and amendments to those reports that we fileit files or furnishfurnishes from time-to-time pursuant to Section 13(a) or 15(d) of the Exchange Act, are made available free of charge, on or through ourthe Investor Relations section of the Company’s website, as soon as reasonably practicable after such material is electronically filed with, or furnished to, the SEC. Information contained on the Company’s website is not part of this Form 10-K or any other report or document that it files with, or furnishes to, the SEC. These filingsreports are also available free of charge on the SEC’s website at http://www.sec.gov free of charge..

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ITEM 1A.Risk Factors
OurThe Company’s future results of operations, financial condition, liquidity, and capital resources as well as the market price of ourits common stock,shares, are subject to various risks, including those risks mentioned below and elsewhere in this Form 10-K as well as those risks that are discussed from time-to-time in ourthe Company’s other periodic filings with the SEC. Investors should carefully consider these risks along with the other information contained in this Annual Report on Form 10-K, before making an investment decision regarding our common shares.the Company’s securities. There may be additional risks of which we arethe Company is currently unaware, or which wethe Company currently considerconsiders to be immaterial. The occurrence of any of these risks could have a material adverse effect on ourthe Company’s financial condition, results of operations, liquidity, capital resources and the value of our common stock.its securities. Please see “Forward Looking Statements” within Part I, Item 1, of this Annual Report on Form 10-K.
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Business Risks
Poor investment results or adverse reviewsratings of ourthe Company’s products could affect ourits ability to attract new clients or could reduce ourits AUM, potentially negatively impacting revenue and net income.
If we failthe Company fails to deliver acceptable investment results for ourits clients, both in the short and long term, welong-term, the Company could experience diminished investor interest and a decreased level of AUM.
Investment strategies are assessed and rated by independent third parties, including rating agencies, industry analysts, and publications. Investors can be influenced by such ratings. If a strategy receives an adverse report, it could negatively influence ourimpact the Company’s AUM and our revenue.
OurThe Company’s success depends on ourits key personnel, and ourits financial performance could be negatively affected by the loss of their services.
OurThe Company’s success depends on highly skilled personnel, including portfolio managers, research analysts, and management, many of whom have specialized expertise and extensive experience in the investment management industry. Financial services professionals are in high demand, and we facethe Company faces significant competition for qualified employees. Other than ourthe Company’s Chief Executive Officer, ourits employees do not have employment contracts and generally can terminate their employment at any time. WeThe Company may not be able to retain or replace key personnel. In order toTo retain or replace ourits key personnel, wethe Company may be required to increase compensation, which would decrease its net income. The loss of key personnel could damage ourthe Company’s reputation and make it more difficult to retain and attract new employees and clients. A loss of client assets resulting from the departure of key personnel may materially decrease ourthe Company’s revenues and net income. Specifically, Charles Bath, a co-portfolio manager on our Large Cap strategy, which is our largest strategy by AUM and revenues, announced his retirement from the Company effective December 31, 2024. It is possible his departure could lead to increased redemptions resulting in a material decline in AUM and revenue. The Company has had a well-defined succession plan in place since 2018, when Austin Hawley was named co-portfolio manager on the Large Cap strategy. Mr. Hawley has worked closely with Mr. Bath for over 15 years, including the last six years as a co-portfolio manager.
OurThe Company’s investment results and/or the growth in ourits AUM may be constrained if appropriate investment opportunities are not available or if we closethe Company closes certain of ourits investment strategies to new investors.
OurThe Company’s ability to deliver strongexcellent investment results depends in large part on ourits ability to identify appropriate investment opportunities in which to invest client assets. If we arethe Company is unable to identify sufficient investment opportunities for existing and new client assets on a timely basis, ourits investment results could be adversely affected. The risk that appropriate investment opportunities may be unavailable is influenced by a number of factors, including general market conditions, and is likely to increase if ourthe Company’s AUM increases rapidly. The Company’s efforts to establish and develop new strategies may face challenges or ultimately be unsuccessful, which could impact its results of operations, reputation, and/or culture. In addition, if we determinethe Company determines that sufficient investment opportunities are not available for an investment strategy, or we believeit believes that it is necessary in order to continue to produce attractive returns from an investment strategy, wethe Company will consider closing the investment strategy to new investors. As of December 31, 2020, we have one investment strategy closed to new investors. If we misjudgethe Company misjudged the point at which it would be optimal to close an investment strategy, the investment results of the strategy could be negatively impacted. The Company has closed investment strategies in the past and may do so again in the future. As of December 31, 2023, the Company does not have any closed investment strategies.
We areThe Company is subject to substantial competition in all aspects of ourits business.
OurThe Company’s investment products compete against investment products and services from:
Asset management firms;
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Mutual fund companies;
Commercial banks and thrift institutions;
Insurance companies;
Exchange tradedExchange-traded funds;
Private funds, including hedge funds and private equity funds; and
Brokerage and investment banking firms.
Many of ourthe Company’s competitors have substantially greater resources and may operate in more markets or offer a broader range of products, including passively managed or “index” products. Some of these institutions operate in a different regulatory environment, which may give them certain competitive advantages in the investment products and portfolio structures that they offer. We competeThe Company competes with other providers of investment services primarily based upon ourits philosophy, performance, and client service. Some institutions have a broader array of products and distribution channels, which makes it more difficult for usthe Company to compete. If current or potential customersclients decide to use one of ourthe Company’s competitors, weit could face a significant decline in market share, AUM, AUA, revenues, and net income. If we arethe Company is required to lower ourits fees to remain competitive, ourits net income could be significantly reduced because some of ourthe Company’s expenses are fixed, especially over shorter periods of time, and ourits expenses may not decrease in proportion to the decrease in revenues. Additionally, over the past several years, investors have
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generally shown a preference for passive investment products such as index and exchange traded funds, over actively managed strategies. If this trend continues, ourthe Company’s AUM, revenues, and net income may be negatively impacted.
Industry trends towards lower fee strategies and model portfolio arrangements could adversely impact the Company’s revenues.
Market and competitive pressures in recent years have created a trend towards lower management fees in the asset management industry and there can be no assurance that wethe Company will be able to maintain ourits current fee structure. As a result, a shift in ourin the Company’s AUM from higher to lower fee generating clients and strategies could result in a decrease in profitability even if ourits AUM increases or remains unchanged. Similarly, in recent years, there has been a trend in clients shifting their assets from higher fee mutual funds and separately managed accounts to lower fee model portfolio arrangements. As a result, a shift in the Company’s client assets from AUM to AUA could result in a decrease in Company revenues.
The loss of access to, or increased fees required by, third-party distribution sources to market ourthe Company’s portfolios and access ourits client base could adversely affect ourthe Company’s results of operations.
OurThe Company’s ability to attract additional AUM is dependent on ourits relationship with third-party financial intermediaries. We compensateThe Company compensates some of these intermediaries for access to investors and for various marketing services provided. These distribution sources and client bases may not continue to be accessible to usthe Company for reasonable terms, or at all. If such access is restricted or eliminated, it could have an adverse effect on ourthe Company’s results of operations. Fees paid to financial intermediaries for investor access and marketing services have generally increased in recent years. If such fee increases continue, refusal to pay them could restrict ourthe Company’s access to those client bases while paying them could adversely affect ourits profitability.
A significant portion of ourDHCM's revenues are based on advisory and administrativeadministration agreements with the Funds that are subject to termination without cause and on short notice.
We areDHCM is highly dependent on ourits contractual relationships with the Funds. If ourDHCM’s advisory or administration agreements with the Funds were terminated or not renewed, or were amended or modified to reduce fees, weDHCM would be materially and adversely affected. Generally, these agreements are terminable by either party upon 60 days’ prior written notice without penalty. The Funds’ agreements are subject to annual approval by either: (i) thetheir board of trustees, of the Funds, or (ii) a vote of the majority of the outstanding voting securities of each Fund. These agreements automatically terminate in the event of their assignment by either usDHCM or the Funds. WeDHCM generated approximately 75%68%, 77%71%, and 79%69% of our 2020, 2019,its 2023, 2022, and 20182021 revenues, respectively, from ourits advisory and administrative contractsadministration agreements with the Funds, including 26%30%, 17%12%, and 11%10% from the advisory contracts with the Diamond Hill Large Cap Fund, the Diamond Hill Long-Short Fund, and the Diamond Hill Small-Mid Cap Fund, respectively, during 2020.2023. The loss of any of the Diamond Hill Large Cap Fund, the Diamond Hill Long-Short Fund, or the Diamond Hill Small-Mid Cap Fund contracts would have a material adverse effect on us. We believeDHCM. DHCM believes that we have ait has strong relationshiprelationships with the Funds and their boardsboard of trustees, and we haveit has no reason to believe that these advisory or administration contracts will not be renewed in the future. However, there can be no assurance that the Funds will choose to continue their relationships with us.
The COVID-19 pandemic and other possible similar pandemics or outbreaks could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial position, results of operations, and cash flows.

COVID-19 has resulted in temporary, and sometimes prolonged, closures of many corporate offices, retail stores, manufacturing facilities, and factories around the world. In addition, as COVID-19 continues to spread across the globe, supply chains worldwide have been interrupted, slowed, or rendered inoperable, and an increasing number of individuals have and may continue to become ill, quarantined, or otherwise unable to work and/or travel due to health reasons or governmental restrictions. Governmental mandates to control the outbreak may require additional forced shutdowns and limit the re-opening of various business facilities for extended or indefinite periods. COVID-19, and the various governmental, industry, and consumer actions related to the containment thereof, are having, and could continue to have, negative effects on our business and risk exposure.  These effects include, without limitation, potential significant financial market volatility, decreases in the demand for our investment products, changes in consumer behavior and preferences, limitations on our employees’ ability to work and travel, potential financial and operational difficulties of vendors and suppliers, significant changes in economic or political conditions, and financial market declines or recessions that could generally negatively affect the level of our AUM and consequently our revenue, investment income (loss), and net income.
The global effect of the COVID-19 pandemic continues to evolve, and it is uncertain what the effect of various legislative and other responses that have been taken, and that may be taken in the future in the United States and other countries, will have on the economy, financial markets, international trade, our industries, our businesses, and the businesses of our clients and vendors. Many countries, including the United States, have reacted to both the initial outbreak and subsequent outbreaks by instituting quarantines and restrictions on travel to and from actual and potentially affected areas, and the outbreak could have a continued adverse effect on economic and market conditions. The future effect of the COVID-19 pandemic on global markets is difficult to predict, and it is uncertain the extent to which the COVID-19 pandemic may negatively affect our operating results or disrupt the duration of any potential business. The emergence of new variants of the virus and delay or difficulties in administering vaccines could continue to cause uncertainty. Any potential effect on our business and results of operations will depend to a large extent on future developments and new information that may emerge regarding the duration and severity ofDHCM.
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Negative public opinion of the COVID-19 pandemicCompany could cause it to lose clients and adversely affect its share price.
Negative public opinion can result from the Company’s actual or alleged conduct in any number of activities, including trading practices, corporate governance and acquisitions, DEI issues, social media and other marketing activities, and actions taken by authoritiesgovernmental regulators and other entitiescommunity organizations in response to contain the spreadany of the virus, all of which are beyond our control.

In addition,foregoing. Negative public opinion could adversely affect the COVID-19 pandemic has significantly affected the way we operate. While we have in place business continuity plans that address the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on our personnel, facilities, and technologies that enable our personnel to work effectively from home, no assurance can be given that the steps we have taken will continue to be effective or appropriate. Although our employees have been able to continue conducting business while working remotely for an extended period of time, operational challenges may arise in the future, which may reduce our organizational efficiency or effectiveness, and increase operational, compliance, and cybersecurity risks. In addition, because most of our employees have not previously worked remotely for such an extended period of time, we are unsure of the impact that the remote work environment and lack of in-person meetings with colleagues, clients, and business partners will have on the growth of our business and the results of our operations. Many of our key service providers also have transitioned to working remotely for an extended period of time. If we or they were to experience material disruptions in the ability of our or their employees to work remotely (e.g., from illness due to the COVID-19 pandemic or disruption in internet-based communication systems and networks), ourCompany’s ability to operate our businessattract and maintain clients, could be materially adversely disrupted. Any such disruptionsexpose the Company to potential litigation or regulatory action, and could have a material adverse impacteffect on our results of operations, cash flows, financial condition, and/its share price or reputation.

Moreover, our future success and profitability substantially depend on the management skills of our executive officers and directors, many of whom have held officer and director positions with us for many years. The unanticipated loss or unavailability of key employees due to COVID-19 or any similar pandemic could harm our ability to operate our business or execute our business strategy. We may not be successfulresult in finding and integrating suitable successors in the event of key employee loss or unavailability.

Even after the COVID-19 pandemic subsides, local and foreign economies will likely require time to recover, the length of which is unknown and during which the United States or other countries may experience a recession. Our business could be materially and adversely affected by any such recession.

To the extent the effects of COVID-19 adversely impact our business, financial condition, liquidity, capital resources, or results of operations, it may also have the effect of heightening many of the other risks described in this section.heightened volatility.
Operational Risks
UnauthorizedCybersecurity attacks could prevent the Company from managing client portfolios, cause the unauthorized disclosure of sensitive or confidential client or customeremployee information whether through a breachor result in misappropriation of our computerinformation or other systems or otherwise,funds, each of which could severely harm ourits business.
As part of ourits business, we collect, process,the Company collects, processes, and transmittransmits sensitive and confidential information about ourits clients and employees, as well as proprietary information about ourits business. We haveThe Company has policies and procedures pursuant to which we takeit takes numerous security measures to prevent cyberattacks of various kinds as well as fraudulent and inadvertent activity by persons who have been granted access to such sensitive or confidential information. Nevertheless, ourthe Company’s systems, like all technology systems, remain vulnerable to unauthorized access, which can result in theft or corruption of information. In addition, we sharethe Company shares information with third partiesparty vendors upon whom we relyit relies for various functions. The systems of such third parties also are vulnerable to cyber threats. AttacksUnauthorized access can come from unrelated third parties through the internet, from access to hardware removed from our premisesthe Company’s or those of third partiesparties’ premises, or from employees acting intentionally or inadvertently.
Cybersecurity incidents can involve, among other things: (i) deliberate attacks designed to corrupt ourthe Company’s information systems and make them unusable by usthe Company to operate ourits business; (ii) theft of information used by the perpetrators for financial and other gain; or (iii) inadvertent releases of information by employees or third parties with whom we dothe Company does business.
Cyberattacks that corrupt ourthe Company’s information systems and make them unusable could impair ourits ability to trade securities in ourits clients’ accounts. Corruption of the systems of ourthe Company’s third-party vendors could impact usthe Company to the same extent as corruption of ourits own systems. If information about ourthe Company’s employees or clients is intentionally stolen or inadvertently made public, that information could be used to commit identity theft, obtain credit in an employee’s or client’s name, or steal from an employee.employee or client. If information about ourthe Company’s business is obtained by unauthorized persons, whether through intentional attacks or inadvertent releases of information, it could be used to harm ourits competitive position.
Whether information is corrupted, stolen, or inadvertently disclosed, and regardless of the type and nature of the information (e.g., proprietary information about ourthe Company’s business or personal information about clients or employees), the resultsit could have various adverse impacts on, and be multiple and materially harmful to, us,the Company, including the following:
OurThe Company’s reputation could be harmed, resulting in the loss of clients, vendors, and employees or making payments or concessions to such persons to maintain ourits relationships with them;
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OurThe Company’s inability to operate ourits business fully, even if temporarily, and thus, fulfill contracts with clients or vendors, could result in terminationstermination of contracts and loss of revenue;
Harm suffered by clients or vendors whose contracts have been breached, or by clients, vendors, or employees whose information is compromised, could result in costly litigation against us;
OurThe Company’s need to focus attention on remediation of a cyber problemcybersecurity issue could take ourits attention away from the operation of ourits business, resulting in lost revenue;
WeThe Company could incur costs to repair systems made inoperable by a cyberattack and to make changes to ourits systems to reduce future cyber threats. Those changes could include, among other things, obtaining additional technologies as well as employing additional personnel and training employees; and
The interruption of ourthe Company’s business or theft of proprietary information could harm ourits ability to compete.compete; and
AllAny losses that the Company may be responsible to bear may not be covered by insurance.
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Any of the above potential impacts of a cybersecurity incident could have a material adverse effect on ourthe Company’s business, financial condition, and results of operations.
WeThe Company may not be able to adapt to technological change.
The financial services industry is continually undergoing rapid technological change with frequent introductions of new technology-driven products and services. The effective use of technology increases efficiency and enables financial institutions to better serve customersclients while reducing costs. OurThe Company’s future success depends, in part, upon ourits ability to address customerclient needs by using technology to provide products and services that will satisfy customerclient demands, as well as to create additional efficiencies in ourits operations. WeThe Company may not be able to implement effectively new technology-driven products and services or be successful in marketing these products and services to our customers.its clients. Failure to successfully keep pace with technological changes affecting the financial services industry could negatively affect ourthe Company’s growth, revenue, and profit.
The Company operates in an intensely competitive business environment. It may not be as successful as its competitors incorporating artificial intelligence (“AI”) into its business or adapting to a rapidly changing marketplace.

The Company’s competitors may be larger, more diversified, better funded, and have access to more advanced technology, including AI. These competitive advantages may enable its competition to innovate better and more quickly, or to compete more effectively on quality and price, which could cause the Company to lose business and profitability. Burgeoning interest in AI may increase competition and disrupt the Company’s business model. AI may lower barriers to entry in the industry and the Company may be unable to effectively compete with the products or services offered by new competitors. AI-related changes to the products and services on offer may affect customer expectations, requirements, or tastes in ways that the Company cannot adequately anticipate or adapt to, causing its business to lose revenues, market share, or the ability to operate profitably and sustainably.
Operational risks may disrupt ourthe Company’s business, result in losses, or limit ourits growth.
We areThe Company is dependent on the capacity and reliability of the communications, information, and technology systems supporting ourits operations, whether developed, owned, or operated internally by usthe Company or by third parties. Operational risks, such as trading or operational errors, interruption of ourthe Company’s financial, accounting, trading, compliance, and other data processing systems, the loss of data contained in such systems, or compromised systems due to cyberattack, could result in a disruption of ourthe Company’s business, liability to clients, regulatory intervention, or reputational damage, and thus, adversely affect ourits business.
Negative public opinion can result from our actual or alleged conduct in any number of activities, including trading practices, corporate governance and acquisitions, social media and other marketing activities and from actions taken by governmental regulators and community organizations in response to any of the foregoing. Negative public opinion could adversely affect our ability to attract and maintain clients, could expose us to potential litigation or regulatory action, and could have a material adverse effect on our stock price or result in heightened volatility.
Trading in our common shares is limited, which may adversely affect the time and the price at which you can sell your shares.
Although our common shares are listed on the NASDAQ Global Select Market, the shares are held by a relatively small number of shareholders, and trading in our common shares is relatively inactive. The spread between the bid and the asked prices is often wide. As a result, shareholders may not be able to sell their shares on short notice, and the sale of a large number of shares at one time could temporarily depress the market price. In addition, certain shareholders, including certain of our directors and officers, own a significant number of shares. The sale of a large number of shares by any such individual could temporarily depress the market price of our shares.
Industry, Market, and Economic Risks
OurThe Company’s AUM, which impacts revenue, is subject to significant fluctuations.
The majority of ourthe Company’s revenue is calculated as a percentage of AUM or is related to the general performance of the equity securities markets. A decline in securities prices or in the sale of investment products, or an increase in fund redemptions, generally will reduce revenue and net income. Financial market declines will generally negatively impact the level of ourthe Company’s AUM, and consequently, ourits revenue and net income. A recession or other economic or political events, whether in the United States or globally could also adversely impact ourthe Company’s revenue, if such events led to a decreased demand for products, a higher redemption rate, or a decline in securities prices. Investor interest in the valuation of the Company’s fixed income strategies are affected by changes in interest rates and the overall credit environment. In addition, the majority of the Company’s existing AUM is managed in primarily long-only, equity investment strategies, which exposes it to greater risk than certain of its competitors who may manage assets in more diverse strategies.
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OurThe Company’s investment approach may underperform other investment approaches during certain market conditions.
OurThe Company’s investment strategies are best suited for investors with long-term investment time horizons.  OurThe Company’s investment strategies may not perform well during certain periods of time.  Additionally, wethe Company could have common positions and industry concentrations across ourits strategies at the same time.  As such, factors leading to underperformance may impact multiple strategies simultaneously.
OurThe Company’s investment income and asset levels may be negatively impacted by fluctuations in ourits investment portfolio.
WeThe Company currently havehas a substantial portion of ourits assets invested in investmentsinvestment strategies that we sponsor.it manages. All of these investments are subject to market risk and ourthe Company’s non-operating investment income could be adversely affected by adverse market performance. Fluctuations in investment income are expected to occur in the future.
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Trading in the Company’s common shares is limited, which may adversely affect the time and the price at which shareholders can sell their shares.
Although the Company’s common shares are listed on the The Nasdaq Global Select Market, the shares are held by a relatively small number of shareholders, and trading in its common shares is relatively inactive. The spread between the bid and the ask prices is often wide. As a result, shareholders may not be able to sell their shares on short notice, and the sale of a large number of shares at one time could temporarily depress the market price. In addition, certain shareholders, including certain of the Company’s directors and officers, own a significant number of shares. The sale of a large number of shares by any such individual could temporarily depress the market price of its shares.
Regulatory Risks
Changes in tax laws and unanticipated tax obligations could have an adverse impact on ourthe Company’s financial condition, results of operations, and cash flow.
We areThe Company is subject to federal, state, and local income taxes in the United States. Tax authorities may disagree with certain positions we havethat the Company has taken or may implement changes in tax policy, which may result in the assessment of additional taxes. Wetaxes on the Company. The Company regularly assessassesses the appropriateness of ourits tax positions and reporting. WeThe Company cannot provide assurances, however, that wetax authorities will agree with the positions it has taken, or that the Company will accurately predict the outcomes of audits, and the actual outcomes of these audits could be unfavorable.
OurThe Company’s business is subject to substantial governmental regulation, which can change frequently and may increase costs of compliance, reduce revenue, result in fines, penalties, and lawsuits for noncompliance, and adversely affect ourits results of operations and financial condition.
OurThe Company’s business is subject to a variety of federal securities laws, including the Advisers Act, the 1940 Act, the 1933Securities Act, the Exchange Act, the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, the U.S. PATRIOT Act of 2001, and the Dodd-Frank Wall Street Reform and Consumer Protection Act of 2010.2010, each as amended. In addition, we arethe Company is subject to significant regulation and oversight by the SEC. Changes in legal, regulatory, accounting, tax, and compliance requirements could have a significant effect on ourthe Company’s operations and results, including, but not limited to, increased expenses and reduced investor interest in certain Fundsfunds and other investment products we offer. Wethat the Company offers. The Company continually monitormonitors legislative, tax, regulatory, accounting, and compliance developments that could impact ourits business. WeThe Company and ourits directors, officers, and employees could be subject to lawsuits or regulatory proceedings for violations of such laws and regulations, which could result in the payment of fines or penalties and cause reputational harm to usthe Company, which could negatively affect ourits financial condition and results of operations, as well as divert management’s attention from ourits operations.
General Risk Factors
OurThe Company’s insurance policies may not cover all losses and costs to which weit may be exposed.
We carryThe Company carries insurance in amounts and under terms that we believeit believes are appropriate. OurThe Company’s insurance may not cover all liabilities and losses to which weit may be exposed. Certain insurance coverage may not be available or may be prohibitively expensive in future periods. As ourthe Company’s insurance policies come up for renewal, weit may need to assume higher deductibles or pay higher premiums, which could have an adverse impact on ourits results of operations and financial condition.
Natural disasters, global pandemics, and other unpredictable events could adversely affect the Company’s operations.
Natural disasters, outbreaks of epidemics or pandemics, terrorist attacks, extreme weather events or other unpredictable events could adversely affect the Company’s revenues, expenses, and net income by:
Decreasing investment valuations in, and returns on, the investment portfolios that the Company manages and its corporate investments, thus, causing reductions in revenue;
Causing disruptions in national or global economies that decrease investor confidence and make investment products generally less attractive;
Reducing the availability of key personnel necessary to conduct the Company’s business activities;
Interrupting the Company’s business operations or those of critical service providers;
Triggering technology delays or failures; and/or
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Requiring substantial capital expenditures and operating expenses to restore the Company’s operations.
The Company has developed various backup systems and contingency plans but cannot be assured that those preparations will be adequate in all circumstances that could arise, or that material interruptions and disruptions will not occur. The Company also relies to varying degrees on outside vendors for service delivery in addition to technology and disaster contingency support. There is a risk that these vendors will not be able to perform in an adequate and timely manner. If the Company loses the availability of employees, or if it is unable to respond adequately to such an event in a timely manner, revenues, expenses, and net income could be negatively impacted.
Specifically, the effects of the outbreak of the novel coronavirus (COVID-19) in early 2020 negatively affected the global economy, the U.S. economy, and the global financial markets, and demonstrated that pandemics may disrupt the Company’s operations, which could have an adverse effect on the Company’s business, financial condition, and results of operations. Although the long-term effects of the pandemic cannot be predicted, previous occurrences of other pandemic and epidemic diseases had an adverse effect on the economies of those countries in which they were most prevalent. A recurrence of an outbreak of any kind of epidemic, communicable disease or virus or major public health issue could cause a slowdown in the levels of economic activity generally, which would adversely affect the Company’s business, financial condition and operations.

ITEM 1B.Unresolved Staff Comments
None.

ITEM 1C.Cybersecurity
The Company is subject to several material risks related to cybersecurity threats. A cybersecurity attack could prevent the Company from managing client portfolios, cause the unauthorized disclosure of sensitive or confidential client or employee information, and/or result in misappropriation of information or funds, which individually or collectively could severely harm its business.
The Company has an Information Security Committee (the “Committee”) to identify, assess, and manage cybersecurity risks and to implement necessary policies and procedures to mitigate those risks. The Committee also coordinates employee education efforts throughout the year. The Managing Director of Information Technology serves as the Committee chair and the day-to-day manager of the Company’s information security management systems. The Committee is comprised of members having expertise in information technology infrastructure, data security, risk management, compliance, and business continuity and recovery efforts. The Committee identifies and assesses risks by understanding and evaluating the Company’s systems, processes, data, and controls. This information is then augmented through participation by certain Committee members in industry threat intelligence groups designed to share best practices and emerging threats related to cybersecurity. The Committee also completes a full cybersecurity risk assessment annually, which drives the implementation of policies and procedures as well as the scope of third-party testing. The Committee has implemented a comprehensive set of cybersecurity policies and procedures that follows standards established by the International Organization for Standardization (“ISO 27001”). Included are policies and procedures to oversee, identify, and mitigate the Company’s cybersecurity risks as well as cybersecurity risks to the Company associated with its significant service providers and vendors. The Company’s cybersecurity policies and procedures have been independently certified by a third-party as compliant with the ISO 27001 standard. The Committee engages multiple third-party experts to perform penetration tests on a periodic basis, and to assess whether these policies and procedures are designed appropriately and operating effectively.
Cybersecurity oversight forms part of the Board’s risk oversight of the Company. The Board oversees efforts by management to manage the cybersecurity risks to which the Company may be exposed. The Board receives at least annual reports and meets periodically with the Chief Compliance Officer and the Managing Director of Information Technology, both of whom serve on the Committee. From its review of these reports and discussions with the Committee and management, the Board ensures it has sufficient awareness of the material cybersecurity risks to which the Company is exposed, enabling a dialogue about how management manages and mitigates those risks. The Board currently has three members who have obtained certifications in cybersecurity oversight.


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ITEM 2.Properties
We leaseThe Company leases office space and conduct ourconducts its general operations at one location, the address of which is 325 John H. McConnell Boulevard, Suite 200, Columbus, Ohio 43215.
We do The Company does not own any real estate or interests in real estate.

ITEM 3.Legal Proceedings
There are currently no matters pending legal proceedings that we believe couldthe Company believes will have a material adverse effect on ourits consolidated financial statements.
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ITEM 4.Mine Safety Disclosures
Not applicable.
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PART II


ITEM 5.Market for Registrant’s Common Equity, Related Shareholder Matters and Issuer Purchases of Equity Securities
The following performance graph compares the cumulative total shareholder return of an investment in ourDHIL common shares to that of the Russell Microcap®2000 Index and to a peer group index of publicly-traded asset management firmsthe Russell 2000 Asset Managers & Custodians Index (the “R2000 A&C Index”) for the five-year period ended on December 31, 2020.2023. The graph assumes that the value of the investment in ourDHIL common shares and each index was $100 on December 31, 2015.2018. Total return includes reinvestment of all dividends. The Russell Microcap®2000 Index makes up less than 3%measures the performance of approximately 2,000 small-cap U.S. equities, and was selected as a broad equity market index comprised of companies with comparable market capitalization to DHIL. The R2000 A&C Index is comprised of the U.S. equity market and is a market-value-weighted indexAsset Managers & Custodians subsector of the smallest 1,000 securitiesRussell 2000 Index, and provides a comparison to companies with comparable market capitalization to DHIL that operate in the small-cap Russell 2000® Index plussame industry as the next 1,000 smallest securities. Peer Group returns are weighted by the market capitalization of each firm at the beginning of the measurement period.Company. The historical information set forth below is not necessarily indicative of future performance. We doThe Company does not make or endorse any predictions as to future stockshare performance.
dhil-20201231_g2.jpg
12/31/201512/31/201612/31/201712/31/201812/31/201912/31/2020Cumulative 5 Year Total Return
Diamond Hill Investment Group, Inc.$100$114$116$89$89$102%
Russell Microcap® Index$100$120$136$118$145$17575 %
Peer Group*$100$90$114$72$81$97(3)%

* The Peer Group is based upon all publicly-traded asset managers with market cap of less than $5 billion excluding: (i) firms whose primary business is hedge fund or private equity, and (ii) firms with multiple lines of business. The following companies are included in the Peer Group: Alliance Bernstein Holding L.P., Affiliated Managers Group, Inc., Artisan Partners Asset Management Inc., Cohen & Steers, Inc., Federated Investors, Inc., GAMCO Investors, Inc., Hennessy Advisors, Inc., Manning & Napier, Inc., Pzena Investment Management, Inc., Teton Advisors, Inc., U.S. Global Investors, Inc., Virtus Investment Partners, Inc., Waddell & Reed Financial, Inc., Wisdomtree Investments, Inc., and Westwood Holdings Group, Inc.1369
12/31/201812/31/201912/31/202012/31/202112/31/202212/31/2023Cumulative 5 Year Total Return
Diamond Hill Investment Group, Inc.$100$100$115$167$168$15656 %
Russell 2000 Index$100$126$151$173$138$16161 %
Russell 2000 Asset Managers & Custodians Index(a)
$100$129$173$220$171$235135 %
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Our
(a) The R2000 A&C Index used to calculate the returns includes the following companies:

AlTi Global, Inc.(1)
Cowen Inc.
Patria Investments Ltd.(1)
Altisource Portfolio Solutions S.A.Diamond Hill Investment Group, Inc.Perella Weinberg Partners
Ares Management CorporationFederated Hermes, Inc.PJT Partners, Inc.
Arlington Asset Investment Corp.Focus Financial Partners, Inc.Pzena Investment Management, Inc.
Artisan Partners Asset Management, Inc.GAMCO Investors, Inc.Sculptor Capital Management, Inc.
Ashford Inc.GCM Grosvenor, Inc.Silvercrest Asset Management Group Inc.
AssetMark Financial Holdings, Inc.Greenhill & Co., Inc.StepStone Group, Inc.
Associated Capital Group, Inc.Hamilton Lane IncorporatedVictory Capital Holdings, Inc.
Avantax, Inc.Manning & Napier, Inc.Virtus Investment Partners, Inc.
B. Riley Financial, Inc.MMA Capital Holdings, Inc.Waddell & Reed Financial, Inc.
BrightSphere Investment Group, Inc.Morgan Group Holding Co.Westwood Holdings Group, Inc.
Brookfield Business Corp.Oppenheimer Holdings Inc.WisdomTree, Inc.
Cohen & Steers, Inc.
P10, Inc.(1)

(1) Added to the R2000 A&C Index in 2023.

Financial Engines, Inc. and Medley Management, Inc. were removed from the R2000 A&C Index in 2023.
DHIL’s common shares trade on the NASDAQThe Nasdaq Global Select Market under the ticker symbol DHIL. The following table sets forth the high and low daily close prices during each quarter of 20202023 and 2019:2022:
20202019
High
Price
Low
Price
Dividend
Per Share
High
Price
Low
Price
Dividend
Per Share
High
Price
High
Price
High
Price
Low
Price
Quarterly Dividend
Per Share
Special Dividend Per ShareHigh
Price
Low
Price
Quarterly Dividend
Per Share
Special Dividend Per Share
Quarter ended:Quarter ended:
March 31
March 31
March 31March 31$144.40 $81.70 $— $158.74 $133.52 $— 
June 30June 30$122.13 $86.00 $— $148.30 $137.73 $— 
September 30September 30$128.08 $111.80 $— $142.80 $127.18 $— 
December 31December 31$160.00 $128.01 $12.00 $149.60 $132.70 $9.00 
Due to the relatively low trading volume of ourDHIL’s common shares, bid/ask spreads can be wide at times, and therefore, quoted prices may not be indicative of the price a shareholder may receive in an actual transaction. During the years ended December 31, 20202023 and 2019,2022, approximately 4,331,3693,143,990 and 4,384,590,2,472,866, of ourDHIL’s common shares were traded, respectively. The dividends indicated above were special dividends.
On October 27, 2020, our board of directors approved a special cash dividend of $12.00 per share paid on December 4, 2020,Each fiscal quarter, the Board determines whether to shareholders of record as of November 25, 2020. This dividend reduced shareholders' equity by approximately $38.0 million.
On October 27, 2020, our board of directors also approved the initiation of a regular quarterly dividend beginning the first of quarter 2021. Subject to approval each quarter by our board of directorsapprove and compliance with applicable law, we expect to pay a regular quarterly dividend of $1.00 per share. Going forward, atdividend. In addition to the endregular quarterly dividends, in the fourth quarter of each fiscal year, our board of directors will decidethe Board decides whether to approve and pay an additionala special dividend. Although weDHIL currently expectexpects to pay the aforementionedregular quarterly dividends, depending on the circumstances and the board of directors’Board’s judgment, weDHIL may not pay such dividends as described.quarterly or special dividends.
The approximate number of record holders of ourDHIL common shares atas of February 25, 202128, 2024 was 82, although we believe that the71. The approximate number of beneficial ownersholders of ourDHIL common shares is substantially greater.held by brokers, banks, and other intermediaries was greater than 8,000 as of February 28, 2024.




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Purchases of Equity Securities by the Issuer and Affiliated Purchasers
The following table sets forth information regarding our currentrepurchases of DHIL common share repurchase program (the “2020 Repurchase Program”) and shares withheld for tax payments due upon vesting of employee restricted stock units and restricted stock awards that vested during the fourth quarter of fiscal year 2020:ended December 31, 2023: 
Period
Total Number of Shares Purchased for Employee Tax Withholdings(a)
Total Number
of Shares 
Purchased
as part of Publicly
Announced Program(b)
Average Price
Paid Per Share Purchased Under the Program
Purchase Price of Shares
Purchased
Under the Program
Aggregate Purchase Price Yet To Be Purchased Under the Program
October 1, 2020 through
October 31, 2020
2,954 — — — $35,375,676 
November 1, 2020 through
November 30, 2020
— — — — $35,375,676 
December 1, 2020 through
December 31, 2020
— — — — $35,375,676 
Total2,954 — — $35,375,676 
Period
Total Number of Shares Purchased(a)
Average Price
Paid Per Share
Total Number
of Shares 
Purchased
as part of Publicly
Announced Programs(b)
Approximate Dollar Value of Shares that May Yet Be Purchased Under the Programs(b)
October 1, 2023 through
     October 31, 2023
40,329 $155.20 39,419 $35,235,719 
November 1, 2023 through
     November 30, 2023
47,130 160.36 47,130 27,677,936 
December 1, 2023 through
     December 31, 2023
7,657 $161.61 7,657 26,440,462 
Total95,116 94,206 $26,440,462 
(a)WeThe Company regularly withholdwithholds common shares for tax payments due upon the vesting of employee Restricted Stock.restricted shares. During the quarter ended December 31, 2020, we purchased 2,9542023, the Company withheld 910 DHIL common shares for employee tax withholdingswithholding obligations at an average price paid per share of $126.32.$168.57.
(b)On February 27, 2020, our board of directorsMay 10, 2023, the Board approved the 2020 Repurchase Program,a repurchase plan, authorizing management to repurchase up to $50.0 million of ourDHIL common shares in the open market and in private transactions in accordance with applicable securities laws.laws (“2023 Repurchase Program”). The 20202023 Repurchase Program will expire in February 2022,on May 10, 2025, or upon the earlier completion of all authorized purchases under suchthe program.
In connection with the 2023 Repurchase Program, DHIL entered into a Rule 10b5-1 trading arrangement. The Rule 10b5-1 trading arrangement is intended to qualify for the safe harbor under Rule 10b5-1 of the Exchange Act.  A Rule 10b5-1 trading arrangement allows a company to purchase its shares at times when it would not ordinarily be in the market because of its trading policies or the possession of material nonpublic information. Because repurchases under a Rule 10b5-1 trading arrangement are subject to specified parameters and certain price, timing, and volume restraints specified in the arrangement, there is no guarantee as to the exact number of common shares that will be repurchased or that there will be any repurchases at all pursuant to the arrangement. Purchases in the open market are intended to comply with Rule 10b-18 under the Exchange Act. As of December 31, 2023, $26.4 million remained available for repurchases under the 2023 Repurchase Program.
Sale of Unregistered Securities
During the quarter ended December 31, 2023, DHIL did not sell any common shares that were not registered under the Securities Act.

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ITEM 6.Selected Financial Data[Reserved]
Not applicable.

ITEM 7.Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations
In this Item 7, we discussthe Company discusses and analyze ouranalyzes its consolidated results of operations for the past three fiscal years and other factors that may affect ourits future financial performance. This discussion should be read in conjunction with our Consolidated Financial Statements, Notesthe Company’s consolidated financial statements and notes to Consolidated Financial Statements, and Selected Financial Dataconsolidated financial statements contained in this Annual Report on Form 10-K.
Certain statements the Company makes under this Item 7 constitute “forward-looking statements” under the PSLR Act. See “Cautionary Note Regarding Forward-Looking Statements” in Part I, Item 1. You should also consider the Company’s forward-looking statements in light of the risks discussed Part I, Item 1A, as well as our consolidated financial statements, related notes and other financial information appearing elsewhere in this Form 10-K and our other filings with the SEC.
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Business Environment1
The performancesperformance of the U.S. and international equity markets, as well as the U.S. fixed income market, have a direct impact on ourthe Company’s operations and financial position.
Equity Markets
A significant portion of the year’s gains in equities came in the final two months. The MSCI All Country World Index advanced 6.75% through the end of October but finished the year 2020 was challenging due towith a 22.20% return.Non-U.S. developed markets rose 18% for the global spread of COVID-19 and related pandemic. Economic activity ground to a halt as countries hardest hit by the pandemic faced closing businesses, spending declines, and record unemployment levels. Despite unprecedented economic and market disruption, global equities posted positive returns in excess of 16% in 2020year (as measured by the MSCI All Country WorldEAFE Index) and U.S. stocks returned in excess of 18%emerging markets were up 10% (as measured by the S&P 500®MSCI EM Index), a remarkable advance given. U.S. stocks outpaced their developed market counterparts, rising 26% (as measured by the economic backdrop. TechnologyRussell 3000 Index).For the year, small-cap stocks were clear winners in 2020up nearly 17%, mid-cap stocks delivered just over 17%, and large-cap stocks were up a resounding 27% (all returns as measured by the work from home era took hold. Online retailers also did well, benefiting from a shift to online shoppingrespective Russell indices).Fixed income returns were similarly back-end loaded.The Bloomberg U.S. Corporate Bond Index returned 8.50% in the wakefourth quarter, compared to the full-year return of the pandemic. Energy stocks struggled as oil demand and prices fell on weak economic and transportation activity. In the second half of the year, central bank liquidity, fiscal stimulus, and optimism of rapid-to-market COVID-19 vaccines provided stocks a welcome tailwind.
Fixed Income Markets
Throughout 2020, Federal Reserve and U.S. Treasury intervention played a key role in the fixed income markets. In the first quarter of 2020, the Federal Reserve cut rates in response to signs of a slowing economy exacerbated by an oil production glut as OPEC and Russia failed to come to terms on production cuts. Starting in mid-March, as it became clear the coronavirus pandemic would result in wide scale business shutdowns, central banks globally moved quickly and decidedly to provide liquidity and support while governments directed stimulus support to citizens and businesses facing economic uncertainty. Corporate bond purchasing programs initiated by the U.S. government were barely utilized but served as the impetus for a historic pace of debt issuance in both investment grade and high yield corporate credit markets. 8.52%.The Bloomberg Barclays U.S. Aggregate Bond Index returned 7.5%finished 2023 with a return of 5.53%, second onlythe best calendar year return since 2020 (7.51%).The Bloomberg U.S. Securitized Index ended the year with a 5.08% return, the sector’s best return since 2019 (6.44%).
Despite positive market returns in 2023, combined mutual fund and exchange traded fund (“ETFs”) flows were a modest +$70B. This is up from 2022 which saw $369 billion in outflows but marks the third lowest total flows over the past 20 years. Passively managed funds had inflows of $527 billion while actively managed funds had outflows of $458 billion. Investors favored ETFs over mutual funds as ETFs brought in $580 billion compared to 2019outflows of $510 billion in mutual funds.These flow trends have persisted for its best performance since 2002,a number of years, resulting in 2023 becoming the first year in which total assets in passive products exceeded those of actively managed products.
U.S. equity products saw $24 billion in aggregate net outflows.All nine U.S. Equity Morningstar Categories saw active product net outflows, while large value products saw net outflows from both actively managed and passively managed large value funds.This followed meaningful outperformance of the Bloomberg Barclays Investment Grade CorporateRussell 1000 Growth Index returned 9.9%, its second-best year since 2009. The ICE BofA U.S. High Yield(+42.68%) versus the Russell 1000 Value Index returned 7.1%, rebounding from(up 11.46%) driven by the worst first quarter’s performance (down 12.7%) since 2008.
Industry Update
Ongoing trendsresults of a small number of companies with large weightings in the growth index.Despite these overall flow trends, actively managed U.S. equity funds with a five-star Morningstar RatingTM had positive flows, a reminder that investors have continued to select the best performing actively managed investment managementstrategies.
Taxable bond funds in aggregate brought in $223 billion, $161 billion of which was into passively managed ETFs.Flows were led by the intermediate core bond category, which had inflows of $123 billion.Within this category, ETFs share of total assets has increased from 15% to 20% from 2019 to 2023.
There were nearly 400 new actively managed ETF products introduced to the market in 2023.While actively managed ETF assets represent only 6% of total ETF assets, the $118 billion of actively managed ETF inflows represented 20% of total ETF flows.We expect continued ETF product development in the industry including actively managed and fully transparent offerings. Today, ETFs do not allow managers to limit the shift towardcapacity of their offerings, which limits the applicability of this vehicle for many of the Company’s strategies.
The Company continues to pursue ways to partner with clients to deliver its intellectual property, including through model-delivery, separately managed accounts (“SMAs”), and other investment vehicles. Active mutual funds have lost share within intermediary investors asset allocations to SMAs, ETFs, and models. SMAs and model delivery have advantages over ETFs by enabling clients to further personalize portfolios to their unique preferences and tax situations.Other vehicles with non-daily redemptions may see growing demand among investors seeking investment strategies focused on less liquid securities. These strategies and private market investments downward fee pressure, industry consolidation, rising demandare a meaningful and increasing share of institutional investors asset allocations and search activity.



1 All net asset and flow data stated in this Item 7, Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations are sourced from Morningstar, Inc. © 2023 Morningstar, Inc. All rights reserved. The information contained herein: (1) is proprietary to Morningstar and/or its content providers; (2) may not be copied or distributed; and (3) is not warranted to be accurate, complete, or timely. Neither Morningstar nor its content providers are responsible for ESG,any damages or losses arising from any use of this information. Past performance is no guarantee of future results.
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Investment Results
It is imperative that the Company generate strong long-term investment results. Strong investment performance is the key driver of long-term success and expanding conversations around DEI continuedmeaningfully influences the Company’s ability to attract and retain clients.
The strategies offered by the Company have generally tended to fare well compared to their peers in 2020the relevant Morningstar categories. Relative returns versus core benchmarks have been more challenging, as many valuation-sensitive investors have struggled to keep pace with core benchmarks.
Below is a summary of the performance of the Funds compared to their respective Morningstar categories and the Company’s investment strategy composite returns compared to their respective benchmarks. Note that a number of the Company's strategies do not showyet have a 10-year or 15-year track record. To see more detail, a table is included below these illustrations which provides information on inception date, performance since inception, and the U.S. equity strategies' performance relative to the Core and Value benchmarks.

776
Source: © 2023 Morningstar, Inc. All rights reserved. The information contained herein: (1) is proprietary to Morningstar and/or its content providers; (2) may not be copied or distributed; and (3) is not warranted to be accurate, complete, or timely. Neither Morningstar nor its content providers are responsible for any signsdamages or losses arising from any use of abating.this information. Past performance is no guarantee of future results.
Investor dollars continue moving toward private markets and less liquid vehicles as investors seek higher returns and lower correlation, contributing to a decline
Total number of funds included in the number1-, 3-, 5-, 10-, and 15-year periods are 10, 9, 9, 6, and 5, respectively.Percentage of publicly traded companies. AtFund assets that outperform is based on the same time, investors continue to seek lower cost alternatives to acquire their beta exposure, often utilizing passive exchange-traded funds (“ETFs”)Fund assets as of December 31, 2023. Total fund assets for the 1-, 3-, 5-, 10-, and 15-year periods are $15.9B, $15.9B, $15.9B, $12.6B, and $12.5B, respectively, which in turn drives performancerepresents between 45% and 60% of some of the largest publicly traded companies held by broad indexes, making it a difficult environmenttotal Company assets for active managers to outperform.
The COVID-19 pandemic saw a reduction in travel, which resulted in increased use of technology-based communications. Investors also responded to the pandemic and other social justice events in 2020 by requesting greater clarity on ESG strategies as well as greater transparency on diversity initiatives and commitments.
Consolidation continued, especially in the consulting and wealth management arenas. In fact, over the past five years, we have seen a large number of decision makers leave the market. Some have left the industry all together, some required a liquidity event as a transition of ownership was needed, while others pursued growth and scale via mergers and acquisitions. Weeach period.
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continue to see moves away from individual decision-making structures in favor of decision-making teams or outsourcing investment decisions to professional buyer groups such as home offices or outsourced chief investment officers, and we expect net new flows to be driven heavily by these groups going forward.1507
When you consider these trends in combination with the impactThe percentage of the COVID-19 pandemic andCompany’s composites that outperform their benchmark includes all our composites (excluding Long-Duration Treasury) vs. the asset management industry’s own life cycle, you get a glimpse into the “new normal” in which asset managers operate. We believe Diamond Hill is well positioned to navigate these changing tides and adapt to the evolving industry landscape. We continue to believe we can deliver market-beating returns over a full market cycle through active management. Our commitment to managing our portfolios with a strict capacity discipline helps protect our ability to deliver excellent investment outcomesprimary benchmark for clients. Our long-standing relationships with professional buyer groups enable us to reach investors who share our long-term perspective. Helping clients achieve their desired investment outcomes is our priority, and we believe our commitment to capacity discipline, alignment of interests with our clients and strong investment results will result in a successful and sustainable future.
Investment Results
It is important to note the past decade has seen a lengthy period of dominance for growth over value stocks, with the performance differential becoming particularly wide over the past three years. In the 10 years ended December 31, 2020, the Russell 3000 Growth Index annualized 16.9% versus 10.4%each composite, except for the Russell 3000 Value Index. In 2020, the growthLong-Short Composite which uses a blended index returned 38.3% to the value index’s 2.9% —that is a performance gap that eclipses any single calendar year since the inception60%/40% weighted blend of the Russell 3000 Growth1000 Index and Value indices in 1995. Becausethe Bloomberg U.S. Treasury Bills 1-3 Month Index as of our valuation-discipline,December 31, 2023. The percentage of composite assets that outperform is based on total Company composite assets as of December 31, 2023, excluding wrap fee accounts and restricted accounts. Composite net returns are calculated using the highest applicable standard separate account fee schedule. Total composite assets for the 1-, 3-, 5-, 10-, and 15-year periods are $24.0B, $23.8B, $23.8B, $20.5B, and $19.4B, respectively, which represents between 70% and 88% of total Company assets for each period. None of the Company’s composites and composite assets outperformed their benchmarks for both the 10- and 15-year periods.














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While the Company’s equity-focused strategies use core benchmarks to evaluate investment performance over full market cycles, many clients choosealso compare results to measure performance against value indices.
benchmarks. The following is a summary of the investment returns for each of our equitythe Company’s strategies as of December 31, 2020,2023, relative to their respective core and value indices, as applicable.
19
As of December 31, 2023
U.S. Equity CompositesInception1 Year3 Year5 Year10 YearSince Inception
Diamond Hill Large Cap6/30/200113.68 %7.39 %12.35 %9.42 %9.01 %
Russell 1000 Index26.53 %8.97 %15.52 %11.80 %8.44 %
Russell 1000 Value Index11.46 %8.86 %10.91 %8.40 %7.31 %
Diamond Hill Large Cap Concentrated12/31/201116.62 %8.67 %13.02 %9.97 %12.00 %
Russell 1000 Index26.53 %8.97 %15.52 %11.80 %13.83 %
Russell 1000 Value Index11.46 %8.86 %10.91 %8.40 %10.97 %
Diamond Hill Mid Cap12/31/20139.88 %7.86 %9.20 %7.12 %7.12 %
Russell Midcap Index17.23 %5.92 %12.68 %9.42 %9.42 %
Russell Midcap Value Index12.71 %8.36 %11.16 %8.26 %8.26 %
Diamond Hill Small-Mid Cap12/31/200511.50 %8.15 %10.39 %7.20 %8.32 %
Russell 2500 Index17.42 %4.24 %11.67 %8.36 %8.64 %
Russell 2500 Value Index15.98 %8.81 %10.79 %7.42 %7.69 %
Diamond Hill Small Cap12/31/200023.35 %11.86 %11.23 %6.43 %9.90 %
Russell 2000 Index16.93 %2.22 %9.97 %7.16 %7.87 %
Russell 2000 Value Index14.65 %7.94 %10.00 %6.76 %8.46 %
Diamond Hill Select6/30/200030.60 %13.02 %16.73 %10.76 %10.51 %
Russell 3000 Index25.96 %8.54 %15.16 %11.48 %7.34 %
Russell 3000 Value Index11.66 %8.81 %10.84 %8.28 %7.54 %
Alternative Composites
Diamond Hill Long-Short6/30/200013.25 %7.92 %9.39 %6.50 %7.32 %
60% Russell 1000 Index / 40% BofA ML U.S. T-Bill 0-3 Month Index17.82 %6.60 %10.34 %7.77 %5.33 %
International Composites
Diamond Hill International12/31/201618.29 %4.95 %8.90 % N/A8.78 %
MSCI ACWI ex USA Index15.62 %1.55 %7.08 % N/A6.33 %
Fixed Income Composites
Diamond Hill Short Duration Securitized Bond7/31/20168.98 %2.70 %3.23 % N/A3.31 %
Bloomberg Barclays U.S. 1-3 Yr. Gov./Credit Index4.61 %0.09 %1.51 % N/A1.30 %
Diamond Hill Core Bond7/31/20166.75 %(2.24)%1.79 % N/A1.67 %
Bloomberg Barclays U.S. Aggregate Index5.53 %(3.31)%1.10 % N/A0.78 %

Table of Contents_______________________
As of December 31, 2020
Equity CompositesInception1 Year3 Year5 Year10 YearSince Inception
Diamond Hill Small Cap12/31/2000(0.03)%1.3 %5.80 %7.22 %9.83 %
Russell 2000 Index19.96 %10.25 %13.26 %11.2 %8.74 %
Russell 2000 Value Index4.63 %3.72 %9.65 %8.66 %8.54 %
Diamond Hill Small-Mid Cap12/31/20051.55 %4.43 %7.99 %9.88 %8.59 %
Russell 2500 Index19.99 %11.33 %13.64 %11.97 %9.55 %
Russell 2500 Value Index4.88 %4.34 %9.43 %9.33 %7.47 %
Diamond Hill Mid Cap12/31/2013(1.47)%3.77 %8.00 % NA6.98 %
Russell Midcap Index17.1 %11.61 %13.40 % NA10.96 %
Russell Midcap Value Index4.96 %5.37 %9.73 % NA8.22 %
Diamond Hill Large Cap6/30/20019.49 %9.56 %12.70 %12.31 %9.43 %
Russell 1000 Index20.96 %14.82 %15.60 %14.01 %8.36 %
Russell 1000 Value Index2.8 %6.07 %9.74 %10.5 %7.07 %
Diamond Hill Large Cap Concentrated12/31/201110.03 %10.06 %13.50 %NA13.49 %
Russell 1000 Index20.96 %14.82 %15.60 %NA15.49 %
Russell 1000 Value Index2.8 %6.07 %9.74 %NA11.69 %
Diamond Hill All Cap Select6/30/200014.83 %9.95 %12.06 %12.15 %10.36 %
Russell 3000 Index20.89 %14.49 %15.43 %13.79 %7.17 %
Russell 3000 Value Index2.87 %5.89 %9.74 %10.36 %7.36 %
Diamond Hill Long-Short6/30/20000.5 %5.31 %6.81 %7.72 %7.24 %
Russell 1000 Index20.96 %14.82 %15.60 %14.01 %7.08 %
60% Russell 1000 Index / 40% BofA ML US T-Bill 0-3 Month Index13.3 %9.81 %9.92 %8.7 %5.14 %
Diamond Hill Global12/31/20131.93 %4.44 %10.68 % NA7.35 %
Morningstar Global Markets Index16.07 %9.73 %12.11 % NA8.80 %
Diamond Hill International12/31/20166.94 %6.38 % NA NA12.32 %
Morningstar Global Markets ex US Index11.17 %5.07 % NA NA10.25 %
________________________
-Composite returns are net of fees.
-Index returns do not reflect any fees.

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The following is a summary of the investment returns for each of our fixed income strategies as of December 31, 2020, relative to their respective passive benchmarks.
  As of December 31, 2020
Fixed Income CompositesInception1 Year3 Year5 Year10 YearSince Inception
Diamond Hill Short Duration Securitized Bond7/31/20163.29 %3.89 % NA NA3.83 %
Bloomberg Barclays US 1-3 Yr. Gov./Credit Index3.33 %2.98 % NA NA2.12 %
Diamond Hill Core Bond7/31/20168.13 %6.01 % NA NA4.43 %
Bloomberg Barclays US Aggregate Index7.51 %5.34 % NA NA3.66 %
Diamond Hill Corporate Credit9/30/20029.95 %7.92 %8.83 %6.96 %7.38 %
BofA ML US Corporate & High Yield Index9.34 %6.91 %7.07 %5.83 %6.36 %
Diamond Hill High Yield12/31/201413.84 %10.08 %11.11 % NA9.36 %
BofA ML US High Yield Index6.17 %5.89 %8.43 % NA6.14 %
________________________
-Composite returns are net of fees.
-Index returns do not reflect any fees.

Key Financial Performance Indicators
There are a variety of key performance indicators that we monitorthe Company monitors to evaluate ourits business results. The following table presents the results of certain key performance indicators over the past three fiscal years:
 For the Years Ended December 31,
 202020192018
Ending AUM (in millions)$26,411 $23,399 $19,108 
Average AUM (in millions)21,907 21,653 21,950 
Net cash inflows (outflows) (in millions)1,529 (677)(1,102)
Total revenue (in thousands)126,388 136,624 145,628 
Net operating income45,538 47,935 71,256 
Net operating income, as adjusted(a)
47,757 53,912 69,134 
Average advisory fee rate0.54 %0.59 %0.62 %
Operating profit margin36 %35 %49 %
Operating profit margin, as adjusted(a)
38 %39 %47 %
 For the Years Ended December 31,
 202320222021
Ending AUM and AUA (in millions)$29,164 $26,565 $33,126 
Average AUM and AUA (in millions)27,321 29,551 32,045 
Net cash inflows (outflows) (in millions)(494)(2,241)2,123 
Total revenue (in thousands)136,716 154,496 182,194 
Net operating income35,504 64,331 76,258 
Adjusted net operating income(a)
$41,434 $60,352 $83,680 
Average advisory fee rate0.47 %0.49 %0.53 %
Average advisory fee rate, excluding performance fees0.47 %0.48 %0.49 %
Net operating profit margin26 %42 %42 %
Adjusted net operating profit margin(a)
30 %39 %46 %
(a) NetAdjusted net operating income asand adjusted andnet operating profit margin as adjusted, are non-GAAP (as defined below) performancefinancial measures. See Usethe “Non-GAAP Financial Measures and Reconciliation” section in Part II, Item 7 in this Form 10-K for the definitions of Supplemental Data“GAAP” and “non-GAAP” as Non-GAAP Performance Measure section within this Annual Report on Form 10-K.well as a reconciliation of non-GAAP financial measures to the most directly comparable financial measures calculated and presented in accordance with GAAP.
Assets Under Management
OurThe Company derives revenue is derived primarily from DHCM’s investment advisory and administration fees. Investment advisory and administration fees paid to usDHCM are generally based on the value of the investment portfolios we manageit manages and fluctuate with changes in the total value of ourits AUM. We recognizeThe Company, through DHCM, recognizes revenue when we satisfy theDHCM satisfies its performance obligations under the terms of a contract with a client.
OurModel Delivery Programs - Assets Under Advisement
DHCM provides strategy-specific model portfolios to sponsors of model delivery programs. DHCM is paid for its services by the program sponsor at a pre-determined rate based on AUA in the model delivery programs. DHCM does not have discretionary investment authority over individual client accounts in model delivery programs, and therefore, the AUA is not included in the Company’s AUM.
The Company’s revenues are highly dependent on both the value and composition of AUM.AUM and AUA. The following is a summary of ourthe Company’s AUM by product and investment objective, and a roll-forward of the change in AUM, and a summary of AUA for the years ended December 31, 2020, 2019,2023, 2022, and 2018:2021:
Assets Under Management and Assets Under Advisement
As of December 31,
(in millions)202320222021
Diamond Hill Funds$15,879 $14,745 $19,786 
Separately managed accounts6,617 6,220 7,232 
Collective investment trusts1,359 1,040 603 
Other pooled vehicles3,563 2,758 3,407 
Total AUM27,418 24,763 31,028 
Total AUA1,746 1,802 2,098 
Total AUM and AUA$29,164 $26,565 $33,126 
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Assets Under Management
As of December 31,
(in millions)202020192018
Proprietary funds$17,615 $16,148 $13,440 
Sub-advised funds3,185 2,029 1,358 
Separately managed accounts5,611 5,222 4,310 
Total AUM$26,411 $23,399 $19,108 
Assets Under Management
by Investment Strategy
As of December 31,
(in millions)202320222021
U.S. Equity
Large Cap$17,307 $16,478 $21,285 
Small-Mid Cap2,588 2,646 3,183 
Mid Cap1,023 899 1,165 
Select593 392 438 
Small Cap255 306 597 
Large Cap Concentrated98 99 64 
Micro Cap21 15 16 
  Total U.S. Equity21,885 20,835 26,748 
Alternatives
Long-Short1,725 1,752 1,998 
  Total Alternatives1,725 1,752 1,998 
International Equity
International109 52 56 
  Total International Equity109 52 56 
Fixed Income
Short Duration Securitized Bond1,948 1,308 1,613 
Core Fixed Income1,735 792 622 
Long Duration Treasury26 33 51 
Total Fixed Income3,709 2,133 2,286 
Total-All Strategies27,428 24,772 31,088 
  (Less: Investments in affiliated funds)(a)
(10)(9)(60)
Total AUM27,418 24,763 31,028 
Total AUA(b)
1,746 1,802 2,098 
Total AUM and AUA$29,164 $26,565 $33,126 

Assets Under Management
by Investment Strategy
As of December 31,
(in millions)202020192018
Small Cap$556 $795 $1,048 
Small-Mid Cap2,810 3,243 2,770 
Mid Cap992 569 143 
Large Cap15,075 12,316 9,611 
Large Cap Concentrated27 28 26 
All Cap Select446 528 432 
Long-Short2,056 3,605 3,767 
Global/International33 35 18 
Total Equity21,995 21,119 17,815 
Short Duration Securitized Bond1,132 809 579 
Core Fixed Income541 300 55 
Long Duration Treasury62 52 52 
Corporate Credit2,020 1,147 757 
High Yield724 135 54 
Total Fixed Income4,479 2,443 1,497 
Total Equity and Fixed Income26,474 23,562 19,312 
  (Less: Investments in affiliated funds) (a)
(63)(163)(204)
Total AUM$26,411 $23,399 $19,108 
(a) Certain of the Funds own shares of the Diamond Hill Short Duration Securitized Bond Fund. The Company reduces itsthe total AUM of each Fund that holds such shares by thesethe AUM of the investments held in this affiliated fund.Fund.

(b)
Change in Assets Under Management
For the Year Ended December 31,
(in millions)202020192018
AUM at beginning of the year$23,399 $19,108 $22,317 
Net cash inflows (outflows)
proprietary funds879 (499)(978)
sub-advised funds713 216 (25)
separately managed accounts(63)(394)(99)
1,529 (677)(1,102)
Net market appreciation (depreciation) and income1,483 4,968 (2,107)
Increase (decrease) during the year3,012 4,291 (3,209)
AUM at end of the year$26,411 $23,399 $19,108 
Average AUM during the year$21,907 $21,653 $21,950 
AUA is primarily comprised of Large Cap and Select strategies.

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Net Cash Inflows (Outflows) Further Breakdown
For the Year Ended December 31,
(in millions)202020192018
Net cash inflows (outflows)
Equity$(284)$(1,515)$(1,554)
Fixed Income1,813 838 452 
$1,529 $(677)$(1,102)
Equity flows were mixed in 2020. Our Large Cap and Mid Cap strategies had combined net inflows of $1.6 billion. However, these net inflows were more than offset by the net outflows in our Long-Short, Small Cap and Small-Mid Cap strategies, which collectively had outflows of $1.8 billion.
Change in Assets Under Management
For the Year Ended December 31,
(in millions)202320222021
AUM at beginning of the year$24,763 $31,028 $26,411 
Net cash inflows (outflows)
Diamond Hill Funds(599)(2,433)1,994 
Separately managed accounts(416)(73)168 
Collective investment trusts153 486 182 
Other pooled vehicles368 (221)(221)
(494)(2,241)2,123 
Sale of High Yield-Focused Advisory Contracts— — (3,456)
Net market appreciation (depreciation) and income3,149 (4,024)5,950 
Increase (decrease) during the year2,655 (6,265)4,617 
AUM at end of the year27,418 24,763 31,028 
AUA at end of the year1,746 1,802 2,098 
Total AUM and AUA at end of year$29,164 $26,565 $33,126 
Average AUM during the year$25,552 $27,599 $30,297 
Average AUA during the year1,769 1,952 1,748 
Total Average AUM and AUA during the year$27,321 $29,551 $32,045 

Our
Net Cash Inflows (Outflows) Further Breakdown
For the Year Ended December 31,
(in millions)202320222021
Net cash inflows (outflows)
Equity$(1,865)$(2,247)$958 
Fixed Income1,371 1,165 
$(494)$(2,241)$2,123 

2023 Discussion of Net Cash Outflows
Flows out of the Company’s equity strategies were largely driven by flows out of its Large Cap strategy, which experienced net outflows of $1.4 billion. Net outflows from the Company’s other equity strategies totaled approximately $0.5 billion. Outflows from the equity strategies were partially offset by fixed income net inflows of $1.4 billion into the Company’s fixed income strategies.

2022 Discussion of Net Cash Outflows
Flows out of the Company’s equity strategies were largely driven by flows out of its Large Cap strategy, which experienced net outflows of $1.9 billion. The Large Cap strategy was soft closed during 2022. The strategy was fully reopened on February 28, 2023. Net outflows from the Company’s other equity strategies totaled approximately $0.3 billion. The Company’s fixed income strategies continued to see strongsaw mixed results with net flows of $0.3 billion into its Core Bond strategy offsetting outflows from its Short Duration Securitized Bond Fund of $0.2 billion. The Company also saw growth in 2020 as eachits CIT offerings. In addition to new clients, some larger plans moved from the Funds into the CITs.

2021 Discussion of Net Cash Inflows
Both the Company’s equity and fixed income strategies has met long-term performance objectives compared to peers and benchmarks. Our focused marketing and branding efforts overexperienced net inflows during 2021. Flows in the past couple years, along with strong performance, led to combinedCompany’s equity strategies were largely driven by its Large Cap strategy, which experienced net inflows of $1.8$2.1 billion. These net inflows were partially offset by net outflows from the Company’s other equity strategies totaling approximately $1.2 billion. The Company’s fixed income strategies, including the High Yield-Focused Advisory Contracts prior to their sale, had net positive flows of $1.2 billion with eachduring 2021.

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Table of the strategies attracting at least $200 million in net inflows.Contents
Model Delivery Programs
We provide strategy-specific model portfolios to sponsors of model delivery programs. We do not have discretionary investment authority over individual client accounts in model delivery programs. Therefore, these assets are not included in our AUM. We provide updated model portfolios to the program sponsors on a periodic basis. We are paid for our services by the program sponsor at a pre-determined rate based on assets in the program. Model delivery program assets were $1.1 billion, $0.9 billion, and $0.5 billion as of December 31, 2020, 2019, and 2018, respectively.
Consolidated Results of Operations
The following is a table and discussion of ourthe Company’s consolidated results of operations.
(in thousands, except per share amounts and percentages)(in thousands, except per share amounts and percentages)20202019% Change20192018% Change(in thousands, except per share amounts and percentages)20232022% Change20222021% Change
Total revenueTotal revenue$126,388 $136,624 (7)%$136,624 $145,628 (6)%Total revenue$136,716 $$154,496 (12)%(12)%$154,496 $$182,194 (15)%(15)%
Net operating incomeNet operating income45,538 47,935 (5)%47,935 71,256 (33)%Net operating income35,504 64,331 64,331 (45)%(45)%64,331 76,258 76,258 (16)%(16)%
Net operating income, as adjusted (a)
47,757 53,912 (11)%53,912 69,134 (22)%
Adjusted net operating income (a)
Adjusted net operating income (a)
41,434 60,352 (31)%60,352 83,680 (28)%
Investment income (loss), netInvestment income (loss), net23,071 (20,187)NM(20,187)16,381 NM
Gain on sale of High Yield-Focused Advisory ContractsGain on sale of High Yield-Focused Advisory Contracts— 6,814 (100)%6,814 9,000 (24)%
Income tax expenseIncome tax expense15,490 14,088 10%14,088 26,050 (46)%
Net income attributable to common shareholdersNet income attributable to common shareholders38,661 54,959 (30)%54,959 47,376 16%Net income attributable to common shareholders42,226 40,434 40,434 4%4%40,434 74,201 74,201 (46)%(46)%
Earnings per share attributable to common shareholders (diluted)Earnings per share attributable to common shareholders (diluted)$12.03 $15.99 (25)%$15.99 $13.48 19%Earnings per share attributable to common shareholders (diluted)$14.32 $$13.01 10%10%$13.01 $$23.34 (44)%(44)%
Operating profit margin36 %35 %NM35 %49 %NM
Operating profit margin, as adjusted (a)
38 %39 %NM39 %47 %NM
Adjusted earnings per share attributable to common shareholders (diluted)(a)
Adjusted earnings per share attributable to common shareholders (diluted)(a)
$10.28 $14.40 (29)%$14.40 $19.48 (26)%
Net operating profit marginNet operating profit margin26 %42 %NM42 %42 %NM
Adjusted net operating profit margin (a)
Adjusted net operating profit margin (a)
30 %39 %NM39 %46 %NM
(a) NetAdjusted net operating income, as adjusted earnings per share attributable to common shareholders (diluted), and adjusted net operating profit margin as adjusted, are non-GAAP (as defined below) performancefinancial measures. See Use of Supplemental Data as Non-GAAP Performance Measurethe “Non-GAAP Financial Measures and Reconciliation” section within this Annual Report on Form 10-K.10-K for the definition of “non-GAAP” and a reconciliation of the non-GAAP financial measures to the most directly comparable financial measures calculated and presented in accordance with GAAP.
Summary Discussion of Consolidated Results of Operations - Year Ended December 31, 2020, compared with
Year Ended December 31, 20192023 Compared to 2022

Revenue for the year ended December 31, 2020,2023 decreased $10.2$17.8 million compared to the year ended December 31, 2019,2022, primarily due to a 7.5% decrease in total average AUM and AUA, as well as a decrease in the average advisory fee rate (excluding performance-based fees) from 0.59%0.48% in 2022 to 0.54% year-over-year, which was partially offset by a 1% increase0.47% in average AUM. The decrease in average advisory fee rate was driven by an increase in the mix of assets held in lower fee rate strategies.

Operating profit margin was 36% for the year ended December 31, 2020, and 35% for the year ended December 31, 2019. Operating profit margin, as adjusted, was 38% for the year ended December 31, 2020, and 39% for the year ended December 31, 2019. Operating profit margin, as adjusted, excludes deferred compensation expense (benefit) from operating income because it is offset by an equal amount in investment income below net operating income on the income statement and thus has no effect on net income attributable2023. Refer to the Company. We believe this non-GAAP measure helps the reader to understand our core operating results and increases comparability period-to-period. See the "Use of Supplemental Data as Non-GAAP Performance Measures"“Revenue” section below in Part II.II, Item 7 of this Annual ReportForm 10-K for further details on the decrease in the average advisory fee rate. The Company recognized $1.2 million of performance-based fees during 2023 compared to $1.5 million of performance-based fees during 2022.

Net operating profit margin was 26% for 2023 and 42% for 2022. Adjusted net operating profit margin was 30% for 2023 and 39% for 2022. The decrease in net operating profit margin is primarily due to a 12% decrease in revenues while compensation and related costs (excluding deferred compensation) increased approximately $0.2 million (less than 1%) period-over-period. In addition, the investment gains on the Company’s deferred compensation investments increased deferred compensation expense during the current period, decreasing the current period operating margin by 4%. Adjusted net operating profit margin excludes the impact of market movements on the deferred compensation liability and related economic hedges, and the impact of the Diamond Hill International Fund and the Diamond Hill Large Cap Concentrated Fund (the “Consolidated Fund(s)”). Refer to Note 2 to the consolidated financial statements for a detailed description of the funds that are consolidated in each year. Refer to the “Non-GAAP Financial Measures and Reconciliation” section below in Part II, Item 7 of this Form 10-K.10-K for further details on adjusted net operating profit margin.
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We expectThe Company expects that ourits operating margin will fluctuate from period to period based on various factors, including revenues, investment results in the strategies the Company manages, employee performance, staffing levels, and gains and losses on investments held in deferred compensation plans,
the ongoing impact of COVID-19,Diamond Hill Fixed Term Deferred Compensation Plan and development of investment strategies, products, and channels. We compensate portfolio managers based on long-term performance, so when revenue and long-term performance are misaligned, operating margins can fluctuate materially.the Diamond Hill Variable Term Deferred Compensation Plan (together, the “Deferred Compensation Plans”).

We recognized $6.6The Company had $23.1 million in investment income for the year ended December 31, 2020, compared with investment income of $30.5 million for the year ended December 31, 2019. The decrease indue to market appreciation year over year wasin 2023, compared to $20.2 million in investment loss due to market declines in 2022.

The Company recorded a lower average investment balance throughoutgain of $6.8 million from the year and lower returnsfinal payment on the investments.sale of its High Yield-Focused Advisory Contracts during 2022.

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Income tax expense decreased $4.7increased $1.4 million for the year ended December 31, 2020,2023, compared to the year ended December 31, 2019.2022. The decreaseincrease in income tax expense was primarily due to a decreasean increase in DHCM'sthe Company’s income before taxes, which was partially offset by an increasea decrease in ourits effective tax rate from 23.8%27.6% to 26.8%26.4% year-over-year. The increasedecrease in ourthe Company’s effective tax rate in 20202023 was primarily due to excess tax deficits on the vesting of restricted stock awards of $0.6 million in 2020 and the $1.0 million benefit attributable to redeemable noncontrolling interests in 2019.interests.

WeThe Company generated net income attributable to common shareholders of $38.7$42.2 million ($12.0314.32 per diluted share) for the year ended December 31, 2020,2023, compared withto $40.4 million ($13.01 per diluted share) for 2022. The year-over-year increase in net income attributable to common shareholders of $55.0 million ($15.99 per diluted share) for the year ended December 31, 2019,was primarily due to decreased revenues and a decreaseinvestment income in 2023 compared to investment loss in 2022 due to the market environment. The increase in investment income.
Seeincome in 2023 was partially offset by a decline of revenues as a result of decreased average AUM and AUA, while the “Useinvestment losses in 2022 were partially offset by the recognition during 2022 of Supplemental Data as Non-GAAP Performance Measures” section below in Part II, Item 7,a $6.8 million gain from the final payment on the sale of this Annual Report on Form 10-K.the High Yield-Focused Advisory Contracts.
Summary Discussion of Consolidated Results of Operations - Year Ended December 31, 2019, compared with Year Ended December 31, 20182022 Compared to 2021

Revenue for the year ended December 31, 2019,2022 decreased $9.0$27.7 million compared to the year ended December 31, 2018,2021, primarily due to a 9% decrease in average AUM and $1.5 million in performance-based fees earned in 2022 compared to $11.9 million of performance-based fees in 2021. A significant performance-based agreement reached its first five-year measurement term on September 30, 2021. Since the initial five-year measurement period ended, the performance-based fee has been calculated annually based on the client investment results over the recently completed five-year period. The average advisory fee rate from 0.62% to 0.59% year-over-year and a 1% decrease in average AUM. The decrease in average advisory fee rate was driven by an increase in the mix of assets held in lower fee rate strategies.(excluding performance-based fees) remained unchanged at 0.52% year-over-year.

OperatingNet operating profit margin was 35%42% for the year ended December 31, 2019, down from 49% for the year ended December 31, 2018. Operatingboth 2022 and 2021 respectively. Adjusted net operating profit margin as adjusted, was 39% for the year ended December 31, 2019, down from 47%2022 and 46% for the year ended December 31, 2018. Operating2021. Adjusted net operating profit margin as adjusted, excludes the impact of market movements on the deferred compensation expense (benefit) from operating income because it is offset by an equal amount in investment income below net operating income onliability and related economic hedges, and the income statementimpact of the Diamond Hill International Fund and thus has no effect on net income attributable to the Company. We believe this non-GAAP measure helpsDiamond Hill Large Cap Concentrated Fund (together, the reader to understand our core operating results and increases comparability period to period.“Consolidated Funds”). See the "Use of Supplemental Data as Non-GAAP Performance Measures"“Non-GAAP Financial Measures and Reconciliation” section below in Part II.II, Item 7 of this Annual Report on Form 10-K.

We expectThe Company expects that ourits operating margin will fluctuate from period to period based on various factors, including revenues, investment results in the strategies the Company manages, employee performance, staffing levels, and gains and losses on investments held in deferred compensation plans, and development of investment strategies, products, or channels. We compensate portfolio managers based on long-term performance, so when revenue and long-term performance are misaligned, operating margins can fluctuate materially.the Deferred Compensation Plans.

We recognized $30.5The Company had $20.2 million in investment losses due to market declines for 2022 compared to $16.4 million in investment income for the year ended December 31, 2019, due primarily to market appreciation for 2021.

The Company recorded a gain of $6.8 million from our investments, compared with investment lossesthe final payment on the sale of $6.3its High Yield-Focused Advisory Contracts during 2022, and a gain of $9.0 million forfrom the year ended December 31, 2018, largely due to market depreciationinitial payment on our investments.the sale of its High Yield-Focused Advisory Contracts during 2021.

Income tax expense was consistent from the year ended December 31, 2019,decreased $12.0 million for 2022, compared to the year ended December 31, 2018. The impact of the increase of pre-tax income was fully offset by the reduction in the effective rate from 28.7% to 23.8% year-over-year.2021. The decrease in the effectiveincome tax rateexpense was primarily due to uncertain statea decrease in the Company’s income before taxes, which was partially offset by an increase in its effective tax positions of approximately $3.0 million recordedrate from 25.6% to 27.6% year-over-year. The increase in 2018.the Company’s effective tax rate in 2022 was primarily due to the benefit attributable to redeemable noncontrolling interests.

WeThe Company generated net income attributable to common shareholders of $55.0$40.4 million ($15.9913.01 per diluted share) for the year ended December 31, 2019,2022, compared withto $74.2 million ($23.34 per diluted share) for 2021. The year-over-year decrease in net income attributable to common shareholders of $47.4 million ($13.48 per diluted share) for the year ended December 31, 2018. The increase was primarily due to an increase in investment income, which was partially offset bythe decline of revenues as a result of decreased AUM, the decrease in net operating income.performance-based fees, and investment losses in 2022 due to the market environment.
See the "Use of Supplemental Data as Non-GAAP Performance Measures" section below in Part II. Item 7, of this Annual Report on Form 10-K.
Revenue
(in thousands, except percentages)20232022% Change20222021% Change
Investment advisory$129,180 $144,326 (10)%$144,326 $170,138 (15)%
Mutual fund administration, net7,536 10,170 (26)%10,170 12,056 (16)%
Total$136,716 $154,496 (12)%$154,496 $182,194 (15)%

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Revenue
(in thousands, except percentages)20202019% Change20192018% Change
Investment advisory$119,125 $128,009 (7)%$128,009 $135,318 (5)%
Mutual fund administration, net7,263 8,615 (16)%8,615 10,310 (16)%
Total126,388 136,624 (7)%136,624 145,628 (6)%

Revenue for the Year Ended December 31, 2020 compared with Year Ended December 31, 2019- 2023 Compared to 2022
Investment Advisory Fees. Investment advisory fees decreased by $8.9$15.1 million, or 7%10%, from the year ended December 31, 2019,2022 to the year ended December 31, 2020.2023. Investment advisory fees are calculated as a percentage of the market value of client accounts at contractual fee rates, which vary by investment product. The decrease in investment advisory fees was driven byprimarily due to a reductiondecrease in total average AUM and AUA of 7.5% and a decrease in the average advisory fee rate (excluding performance-based fees) from 0.59%0.48% to 0.47% period over period. The average advisory fee rate (excluding performance-based fees) for equity assets decreased from 0.50% in 20192022 to 0.54%0.49% in 2020, which was partially offset by an increase of 1%2023, and the average advisory fee rate for fixed income assets decreased from 0.31% in average AUM year over year.2022 to 0.30% in 2023. The decrease in the total average advisory fee rate was driven by an increase in the mix of assets held in lower fee rate strategies during the year ended December 31, 2020, compareddue to the year ended December 31, 2019. For the year ended December 31, 2020, thegrowth in fixed income assets, which increased from 8% of total average AUM and AUA in 2022, to 11% in 2023. The average advisory fee rates for equityrate is calculated by dividing investment advisory revenues by total average AUM and fixed income strategies were 0.57% and 0.40%, respectively. ForAUA during the year ended December 31, 2019,period. Also, the average advisory fee rates for equity and fixed income strategies were 0.61% and 0.41%, respectively.Company recognized $1.2 million of performance-based fees during 2023, compared to $1.5 million of performance-based fees during 2022.
Mutual Fund Administration Fees. Mutual fund administration fees decreased $1.4$2.6 million, or 16%26%, from the year ended December 31, 2019,2022 compared to the year ended December 31, 2020.2023. Mutual fund administration fees include administration fees received from the Funds, which are calculated as a percentage of the Funds'Funds’ average AUM. TheThis decrease was primarily due to the impact of a 13% decrease in the Funds’ average AUM from 2022 compared to 2023, and an increase in sub-transfer agent and servicingadministration fees paid by us on behalf of the Funds. In addition, there wasFunds as a 1% decrease in the Funds'percentage of average AUM from the year ended December 31, 2019, to the year ended December 31, 2020.Fund AUM.
Revenue for the Year Ended December 31, 2019 compared with Year Ended December 31, 2018- 2022 Compared to 2021
Investment Advisory Fees. Investment advisory fees decreased by $7.3$25.8 million, or 5%15%, from the year ended December 31, 2018,2021 to the year ended December 31, 2019.2022. Investment advisory fees are calculated as a percentage of the market value of client accounts at contractual fee rates, which vary by investment product.

The Company recognized $1.5 million of performance-based fees in 2022 compared to $11.9 million of performance-based fees recognized in 2021. A significant performance-based agreement reached the end of its first five-year measurement period on September 30, 2021. Since the initial five-year measurement period ended, the performance-based fee has been calculated annually based on the client investment results over the recently completed five-year period.

The remaining decrease in investment advisory fees was driven by a reduction in the average advisory fee rate from 0.62% in 2018due to 0.59% in 2019 and a decrease of 1%9% in average AUM year over year. The decrease in average advisory fee rate (excluding performance-based fees) was driven by an increase in the mix of assets held in lower fee rate strategies during the year ended December 31, 2019, compared to the year ended December 31, 2018. For the year ended December 31, 2019, the average advisory fee rates0.52% for equityboth 2022 and fixed income strategies were 0.61% and 0.41%, respectively. For the year ended December 31, 2018, the average advisory fee rates for equity and fixed income strategies were 0.63% and 0.48%, respectively.2021.

Mutual Fund Administration Fees. Mutual fund administration fees decreased $1.7$1.9 million, or 16%, from the year ended December 31, 20182021 compared to the year ended December 31, 2019.2022. Mutual fund administration fees include administration fees received from the Funds, which are calculated as a percentage of the Funds’ average Funds’ AUM. TheThis decrease was primarily due to reductionsthe impact of a 14% decrease in the administration fee rates receivedFunds’ average AUM from the Funds, a 4% decrease in average Funds’ AUM in 2019 and an increase in administrative expenses paid on behalf of the Funds. The table below summarizes the decreases in the administration fee rates during the periods indicated:2021 compared to 2022.
Class A & CClass IClass Y
1/1/18 - 2/27/20180.23%0.18%0.08%
2/28/2018 - 12/31/20190.21%0.17%0.05%

Expenses
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Expenses
(in thousands, except percentages)(in thousands, except percentages)20202019% Change20192018% Change(in thousands, except percentages)20232022% Change20222021% Change
Compensation and related costs, excluding deferred compensation expense$58,292 $60,264 (3)%$60,264 $55,975 8%
Compensation and related costs, excluding deferred compensation expense (benefit)Compensation and related costs, excluding deferred compensation expense (benefit)$70,731 $70,505 —%$70,505 $73,591 (4)%
Deferred compensation expense (benefit)Deferred compensation expense (benefit)2,219 5,977 NM5,977 (2,121)NMDeferred compensation expense (benefit)5,600 (4,402)(4,402)NMNM(4,402)7,082 7,082 NMNM
General and administrativeGeneral and administrative11,003 13,278 (17)%13,278 11,649 14%General and administrative14,935 13,607 13,607 10%10%13,607 14,021 14,021 (3)%(3)%
Sales and marketingSales and marketing6,000 5,867 2%5,867 5,243 12%Sales and marketing6,684 7,160 7,160 (7)%(7)%7,160 7,659 7,659 (7)%(7)%
Mutual fund administrationMutual fund administration3,336 3,303 1%3,303 3,626 (9)%Mutual fund administration3,262 3,295 3,295 (1)%(1)%3,295 3,582 3,582 (8)%(8)%
TotalTotal80,850 88,689 (9)%88,689 74,372 19%Total$101,212 $$90,165 12%12%$90,165 $$105,935 (15)%(15)%

Expenses for the Year Ended December 31, 2020 compared with Year Ended December 31, 2019- 2023 Compared to 2022
Compensation and Related Costs, Excluding Deferred Compensation Expense.Expense (Benefit). Employee compensation and benefits decreasedrelated costs (excluding deferred compensation benefit) increased by $2.0$0.2 million from the year ended December 31, 2019, to the year ended December 31, 2020.in 2023. This decreaseincrease is primarily due to decreasesan increase in severance expensesalary and related benefits of $1.6$1.3 million, and an increase in restricted stock expense of $1.0 million. These decreases weremillion, partially offset by increases in salary and related benefits of $0.2 million anda decrease in incentive compensation of $0.4$2.4 million. On average, wethe Company had 126 full-time equivalent129 employees for 2020, compared to 128 for 2019. in 2023 and 2022.
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Incentive compensation expense can fluctuate significantly period over period as we evaluatethe Company evaluates investment performance, individual performance, Companyits own performance, and other factors.
Deferred Compensation Expense (Benefit). Deferred compensation expense was $2.2$5.6 million for the year ended December 31, 2020,2023 compared to a benefit of $4.4 million for 2022, primarily due to market appreciation on the Deferred Compensation Plans’ investments in 2023 compared to market declines in 2022.
The gain (loss) on the Deferred Compensation Plans’ investments increases (decreases) deferred compensation expense of $6.0 million for the year ended December 31, 2019, mostly due to a decrease in market appreciation on our deferred compensation investments period over period. The gain on deferred compensation plan investments increases deferred compensation expense(benefit) and is included in operating income. Deferred compensation expense (benefit) is offset by an equal amount in investment income (loss) below net operating income on the consolidated statements of income, statement, and thus, has no impact on net income attributable to us.the Company.
General and Administrative.Administrative. General and administrative expenses decreasedincreased by $2.3$1.3 million, or 17%10%, from the year ended December 31, 2019,2022 compared to the year ended December 31, 2020.2023. This decrease was primarily due a non-recurring $1.1 million refund received in 2020 related to our Ohio commercial activity tax, which is a gross receipts tax, and therefore, is not included in income taxes, as well as decreases in corporate recruiting fees of $0.8 million, and in travel and related expenses period over period.
Sales and Marketing. Sales and marketing expenses increased by $0.1 million, or 2%, from the year ended December 31, 2019, to the year ended December 31, 2020. The increase was primarily due to an increase in spending relatedinvestment research-related expenses of $0.6 million, an increase in consulting expenses of $0.4 million, and an increase in recruiting expenses of $0.3 million.
Sales and Marketing.Sales and marketing expenses decreased by $0.5 million, or 7%, from 2022 compared to our customer relationship management system and related external data costs of $0.9 million. This increase2023. The decrease was largely offset byprimarily due to a reduction in sales and marketing travel and related expensepayments made to third party intermediaries as a result of $0.8 million.the decrease in the Funds’ average AUM period over period.
Mutual Fund Administration.Administration. Mutual fund administration expenses increaseddecreased by less than $0.1 million, or 1%, from the year ended December 31, 2019,2022 compared to the year ended December 31, 2020.2023. Mutual fund administration expense consistsexpenses consist of both variable and fixed expenses. The variable expenses are based on Fund AUM levels and the number of shareholder accounts. The decrease was due to a reduction in variable expenses as a result of the decrease in the Funds’ average AUM period over period.
Expenses for the Year Ended December 31, 2019 compared with Year Ended December 31, 2018- 2022 Compared to 2021
Compensation and Related Costs, Excluding Deferred Compensation Expense.Expense (Benefit). Employee compensation and benefits increaseddecreased by $4.3$3.1 million, or 4%, from the year ended December 31, 2018,2021 compared to the year ended December 31, 2019.2022. This increasedecrease is due to increasesa decrease in accrued incentive compensation of $6.2 million and a decrease in other compensation expense of $0.7 million, which was partially offset by an increase in restricted stock expense of $3.3 million related to restricted stock grants issued in February of 2022 under the Company’s long-term incentive program, and an increase in salary and related benefits of $3.0 million and incentive compensation of $1.3$0.5 million. On average, wethe Company had 128 full-time equivalent129 employees for 2019, compared to 120 for 2018.in 2022 and 126 in 2021. Incentive compensation expense can fluctuate significantly period over period as we evaluatethe Company evaluates investment performance, individual performance, Companyits own performance, and other factors.

Deferred Compensation Expense (Benefit). Deferred compensation expensebenefit was $6.0$4.4 million for the year ended December 31, 2019, primarily due to market appreciation on our deferred compensation investments2022 compared to deferred compensation (benefit)an expense of $(2.1)$7.1 million for the year ended December 31, 2018, from market depreciation on our deferred compensation investments. 2021.

The gain (loss) on deferred compensation planthe Deferred Compensation Plans’ investments increases (decreases) deferred compensation expense (benefit) and is included in operating income. Deferred compensation expense (benefit) is offset by an equal amount in investment
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income (loss) below net operating income on the consolidated statements of income, statement, and thus, has no impact on net income attributable to us.the Company.

General and Administrative. Administrative. General and administrative expenses increasedfor 2022 decreased by $1.6$0.4 million, or 14%3%, from the year ended December 31, 2018,compared to the year ended December 31, 2019.2021. This increase isdecrease was primarily due to increasesa decrease of $0.7 million in corporate recruitingconsulting fees and $0.5 million of $1.0proxy solicitation fees related to the sale of the High Yield-Focused Advisory Contracts in 2021. That decrease was partially offset by a $0.5 million marketincrease in investment research and datarelated conference fees, a $0.1 million increase in insurance expense, of $0.3and a $0.2 million increase in IT staffing, hardware, and software expense of $0.3 million.expenses.

Sales and Marketing. Sales and marketing expenses increasedfor 2022 decreased by $0.6$0.5 million, or 12%7%, from the year ended December 31, 2018,compared to the year ended December 31, 2019.2021. The increasedecrease was primarily due to our branding and public relations initiatives and additional sales data costs. For eachdecreases of the years ended December 31, 2019, and 2018, approximately 56% and 65%, respectively, of sales and marketing expense is related to revenue sharing$0.9 million in payments made to third-party financial intermediaries.intermediaries related to the sale of the Funds on their platforms, and $0.2 million related to its distribution technology platform and related external data costs. The decrease was partially offset by an increase of $0.6 million in sales-related travel expenses.

Mutual Fund Administration. Mutual fund administration expenses for 2022 decreased by $0.3 million, or 9%8%, from the year ended December 31, 2018,compared to the year ended December 31, 2019.2021. Mutual fund administration expenses consist of both variable and fixed expenses. The variable expenses are based on Fund AUM levels and the number of shareholder accounts. The decrease was primarily due to a reduction in outsourced administrative services for the Funds, which were brought in-house during 2018, as wellvariable expenses as a 4%result of the decrease in the Funds’ average Funds’ AUM from the year ended December 31, 2018, to the year ended December 31, 2019.period-over-period.
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Liquidity and Capital Resources
Sources of Liquidity
OurThe Company’s current financial condition is highly liquid, with a significant amount of ourits assets comprised of cash and cash equivalents, investments, accounts receivable, and other current assets. OurThe Company’s main source of liquidity is cash flows from operating activities, which are generated from investment advisory and mutual fund administration fees. Cash and cash equivalents, investments held directly by DHCM, accounts receivable, and other current assets represented $205.1$181.8 million and $211.1$182.9 million of total assets as of December 31, 2020,2023, and 2019,2022, respectively. We believeThe Company believes that these sources of liquidity, as well as ourits continuing cash flows from operating activities, will be sufficient to meet ourits current and future operating needs for the next 12 months.
Throughout 2020, the COVID-19 pandemic created uncertainty and volatility in the financial markets, and could continue to do so in 2021, which may impact our ability to access capital and liquidity and the terms under which we can do so. We will continue to assess our liquidity needs as the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the economy, the financial markets, and our operations continues to evolve.
Uses of Liquidity
In line with our primary objective to fulfill our fiduciary duty to clients and secondary objective to achieve an adequate long-term return for shareholders, we anticipate ourThe Company anticipates that its main uses of cash will be for operating expenses and seed capital to fund new and existing investment strategies.
Our board of directors The Board and management regularly review various factors to determine whether we havethe Company has capital in excess of that required for theits business and what are the appropriate useuses of any such excess capital. The factors considered include our investment opportunities, capital, needed for investment strategies, andincluding share repurchase opportunities.repurchases and/or the payment of dividends.
In September 2018, our board of directorsShare Repurchases
On May 10, 2023, the Board approved the 20182023 Repurchase Program. The 2023 Repurchase Program authorizing the purchase ofauthorizes management to repurchase up to $50.0 million of ourDHIL’s common shares. Undershares in the 2018open market and in private transactions in accordance with applicable securities laws. The 2023 Repurchase Program we repurchased 28,361will expire on May 10, 2025, or upon the earlier completion of our common shares duringall authorized purchases under the first two months of 2020 for a total of $4.0 million, which exhausted the $50.0 million authorized.
On February 27, 2020, the board of directors approved the 2020 Repurchase Program authorizing management to repurchase up to and additional $50 million of our common shares. Under the 2020 Repurchase Program, we repurchased 129,389 of our common shares during the year ended December 31, 2020, for a total of $14.6 million.program. As of December 31, 2020, $35.42023, $26.4 million remainsremained available for repurchases under the 20202023 Repurchase Program. Prior to the approval of the 2023 Repurchase Program, the Company repurchased shares under similar prior repurchase programs.
The authority to repurchase shares may be exercised from time to time as market conditions warrant and is subject to regulatory constraints, and will expire two years from the date of board approval, or upon the earlier repurchase in full of the authorized amount of shares.constraints. The timing, amount, and other terms and conditions of any repurchases will be determined by management in its discretion based on a variety of factors, including the market price of such shares, corporate considerations, general market and economic conditions, and applicable legal requirements, and the expected and continued impact of COVID-19.requirements.
The following table summarizes the quarterlyCompany’s annual share repurchase transactions made under the 2020 Repurchase Program since its inception:transactions:
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YearTotal Number
of Shares 
Purchased
Average Price
Paid Per Share Purchased
Purchase Price of Shares
 Purchased
2023212,638 $162.81 $34,619,944 
2022217,009 178.45 38,726,007 
202145,727 171.02 7,820,315 
Total475,374 $157.65 $81,166,266 
PeriodTotal Number
of Shares 
Purchased
Average Price
Paid Per Share Purchased
Purchase Price of Shares
Purchased
Quarter Ended March 31, 202048,576 $106.22 $5,159,919 
Quarter Ended June 30, 202027,078 103.48 2,801,897 
Quarter Ended September 30, 202053,735 $123.99 6,662,508 
Quarter Ended December 31, 2020— — — 
Total129,389 $113.03 $14,624,324 
Dividends
Fiscal 20202023 was the 13th16th consecutive year that wethe Company paid a special dividend. We paid out special
A summary of cash dividends of $12.00, $9.00, and $8.00paid during the years ended December 31, 2020, 2019,2023, 2022, and 2018, respectively. The 2020, 2019, and 2018 special dividends reduced shareholders’ equity by $38.0 million, $30.3 million, and $28.1 million, respectively.2021 is presented below:
YearRegular Dividend Per ShareRegular Dividend TotalSpecial Dividend Per ShareSpecial Dividend TotalTotal Dividend Per ShareTotal Dividends
2023$6.00 $17,676,364 $— $— $6.00 $17,676,364 
2022$6.00 18,637,238 $4.00 12,059,669 $10.00 30,696,907 
2021$4.00 12,700,876 $19.00 60,260,100 $23.00 72,960,976 
Total$49,014,478 $72,319,769 $121,334,247 
On October 27, 2020, our board of directorsFebruary 28, 2024, the Board approved a special cashregular quarterly dividend for the first quarter of $12.002024 of $1.50 per share to be paid on December 4, 2020,March 22, 2024, to shareholders of record as of November 25, 2020.March 11, 2024. This dividend reduced shareholders'is expected to reduce shareholders’ equity by approximately $38.0$4.3 million.
On October 27, 2020, our board of directors also approved the initiation of a regular quarterly dividend beginning the first of quarter 2021. Subject to Board approval each quarter by our board of directors and compliance with applicable law, we expectthe Company expects to pay a regular quarterly dividend of $1.00$1.50 per share. Going forward, atshare in 2024.
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In addition to the end of each year, our board of directorsregular quarterly dividends, the Board will decide whether to approve and pay an additional special dividend.dividend in the fourth quarter of each fiscal year. After assessing the current market environment, the level of share repurchases during the year, as well as the regular dividend paid during 2023, the Company decided not to issue a special dividend in 2023. Although wethe Company currently expectexpects to continue to pay the aforementionedregular quarterly dividends, depending on the circumstances and the board of directors’Board’s judgment, wethe Company may not pay suchquarterly or special dividends as described.
Working Capital
As of December 31, 2020, we2023, the Company had working capital of approximately $168.9$146.1 million, compared to $176.7$144.9 million as of December 31, 2019.2022. Working capital includes cash and cash equivalents, accounts receivable, investments direct investments(excluding those held in the Diamond Hill International Fund and the Diamond Hill Global Fund (together the "Consolidated Funds”)Company’s Deferred Compensation Plans), and other current assets of DHCM, net of accounts payable and accrued expenses, accrued incentive compensation, deferred compensation and other current liabilities of DHCM.DHCM liabilities.
WeThe Company had no debt and we believe ourthe Company believes its available working capital is sufficient to cover current expenses and presently anticipated capital expenditures.
Below is a summary of investments as of December 31, 20202023 and 2019:2022:
As of December 31,
20202019
As of December 31,
As of December 31,
As of December 31,
2023
2023
2023
Corporate Investments:Corporate Investments:
Corporate Investments:
Corporate Investments:
Diamond Hill International Fund
Diamond Hill International Fund
Diamond Hill International Fund
Diamond Hill Core Bond FundDiamond Hill Core Bond Fund$47,204,636 $43,691,925 
Diamond Hill Research Opportunities Fund(a)
— 16,223,519 
Diamond Hill Long-Short Fund(a)
16,945,863 — 
Diamond Hill High Yield Fund— 14,984,548 
Diamond Hill Global Fund11,269,719 11,073,515 
Diamond Hill International Fund10,156,320 8,039,570 
Diamond Hill Core Bond Fund
Diamond Hill Core Bond Fund
Diamond Hill Micro Cap Fund, LP
Diamond Hill Micro Cap Fund, LP
Diamond Hill Micro Cap Fund, LP
Diamond Hill Large Cap Concentrated Fund
Diamond Hill Large Cap Concentrated Fund
Diamond Hill Large Cap Concentrated Fund
Total Corporate Investments
Total Corporate Investments
Total Corporate InvestmentsTotal Corporate Investments85,576,538 94,013,077 
Deferred Compensation Plan Investments in the FundsDeferred Compensation Plan Investments in the Funds33,241,952 30,342,204 
Deferred Compensation Plan Investments in the Funds
Deferred Compensation Plan Investments in the Funds
Total investments held by DHCMTotal investments held by DHCM118,818,490 124,355,281 
Redeemable noncontrolling interest in Consolidated Funds9,582,646 15,081,897 
Total investments held by DHCM
Total investments held by DHCM
Redeemable noncontrolling interest in the Consolidated Fund
Redeemable noncontrolling interest in the Consolidated Fund
Redeemable noncontrolling interest in the Consolidated Fund
Total investmentsTotal investments$128,401,136 $139,437,178 
Total investments
Total investments
(a) In October 2020, the Diamond Hill Research Opportunities Fund merged into the Diamond Hill Long-Short Fund.
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Cash Flow Analysis
Cash Flows from Operating Activities
OurThe Company’s cash flows from operating activities are calculated by adjusting net income to reflect other significant operating sources and uses of cash, certain significant non-cash items such(such as share-based compensation,compensation), and timing differences in the cash settlement of operating assets and liabilities. We expectThe Company expects that cash flows provided by operating activities will continue to serve as ourits primary source of working capital in the near future.
For the year ended December 31, 2020,In 2023, net cash provided by operating activities totaled $59.8$34.7 million. Cash provided by operating activities was primarily driven by net income of $38.2$43.1 million as well as non-cash adjustments added back to net income consisting of share-based compensation of $11.7 million and depreciation of $1.3 million. These cash inflows were partially offset by the net change in securities held by the Consolidated Funds of $10.9 million and the cash impact of timing differences in the settlement of other assets and liabilities of $10.5 million. Net cash provided by operating activities of $34.7 million was inclusive of $9.8 million of cash used in operations by the Consolidated Funds.
In 2022, net cash provided by operating activities totaled $39.5 million. Cash provided by operating activities was primarily driven by net income of $36.9 million, and the add backs of net losses on investments of $24.5 million, share-based compensation of $10.7 million, and market declines of $1.4 million. These cash inflows were partially offset by the net change in securities held by the Consolidated Funds of $14.0 million, the cash impact of timing differences in the settlement of other assets and liabilities of $13.2 million, and the adjustment to net income of $6.8 million for the gain on sale of the High Yield-
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Focused Advisory Contracts. Net cash provided by operating activities of $39.5 million was inclusive of $9.5 million of cash used in operations by the Consolidated Funds.

In 2021, net cash provided by operating activities totaled $26.3 million. Cash provided by operating activities was primarily driven by net income of $75.6 million, the add back of share-based compensation of $7.7$7.4 million, depreciation of $1.0 million, net redemptions of securities held in the underlying investment portfolios of the Consolidated Funds of $3.2$1.3 million, and the cash impact of timing differences in the settlement of assets and liabilities of $12.7$12.3 million. These cash inflows were partially offset by net securities purchased by the Consolidated Funds of $50.4 million, net gains on investments of $3.0 million. Absent$10.9 million, and the operating cash flowsadjustment to net income of $9.0 million for the gain on sale of the Consolidated Funds, cash flows from operations would have been approximately $57.3 million.
For the year ended December 31, 2019, netHigh Yield-Focused Advisory Contracts. Net cash provided by operating activities totaled $57.0 million. Cash providedof $26.3 million was inclusive of $50.3 million of cash used in operations by operating activities was primarily driven by net income of $59.8 million, the add back of share-based compensation of $9.1 million, depreciation of $1.2 million, net redemptions of securities held in the underlying investment portfolios of the Consolidated Funds of $6.3 million, and the cash impact of timing differences in the settlement of assets and liabilities of $1.7 million. These cash inflows were partially offset by net gains on investments of $21.1 million. Absent the operating cash flows of the Consolidated Funds, cash flow from operations would have been approximately $53.5 million.
For the year ended December 31, 2018, net cash provided by operating activities totaled $28.1 million. The changes in net cash provided by operating activities were primarily driven by net income of $46.3 million, the add back of share-based compensation of $8.9 million and depreciation of $1.2 million, net losses on investments of $14.3 million, and the cash impact of timing differences in the settlement of assets and liabilities of $9.6 million. These cash inflows were partially offset by the net purchases of trading securities held in the underlying investment portfolio of the Consolidated Funds of $52.2 million. Absent the operating cash flows of the Consolidated Funds, cash flow from operations would have been approximately $79.9 million.Funds.
Cash Flows from Investing Activities
OurThe Company’s cash flows from investing activities consist primarily of capital expenditures and purchases and redemptions in our
its investment portfolio.
Cash flows used in investing activities totaled $4.2 million in 2023. Cash flows used in investing activities were driven by purchases of Company-sponsored investments of $19.5 million, partially offset by proceeds from the sale of Company-sponsored investments totaling $15.3 million.
Cash flows provided by investing activities totaled $8.4$6.0 million for the year ended December 31, 2020.in 2022. The cash provided was primarily due to proceeds from the redemptionsale of Company-sponsored investments totaling $25.7 million.$6.9 million and $6.8 million of proceeds received from the final payment for the sale of the High Yield-Focused Advisory Contracts. These proceeds were partially offset by corporate investment purchases of $14.9Company-sponsored investments of $7.6 million and property and equipment purchases of $0.1 million.

Cash flows provided by investing activities totaled $27.3 million in 2021. The cash provided was due to proceeds from the sale of Company-sponsored investments totaling $40.8 million and $9.0 million of proceeds received from the sale of the High Yield-Focused Advisory Contracts. These proceeds were partially offset by purchases of Company-sponsored investments of $21.4 million and property and equipment purchases (primarily capitalized software) of $2.5 million.
Cash flows provided by investing activities totaled $10.9 million for the year ended December 31, 2019. The cash provided was primarily due to proceeds from the redemption of investments totaling $48.6 million. These proceeds were partially offset by corporate investment purchases of $14.4 million and property and equipment purchases of $0.7 million. The remaining change in reported cash flows from investing activities was attributable to $22.7 million in net cash that was removed from our balance sheet due to the de-consolidation of our investment in an exchange traded fund during the period.
Cash flows used in investing activities totaled $4.3 million for the year ended December 31, 2018. The cash used was primarily due to corporate investment purchases of $6.3 million and property and equipment purchases of $0.8 million. These cash outflows were partially offset by proceeds from the redemptions of investments of $2.9$1.1 million.
Cash Flows from Financing Activities
OurThe Company’s cash flows from financing activities consist primarily of the payment of special dividends, the repurchase of ourDHIL common shares, dividends paid on DHIL common shares, DHIL common shares withheld related to employee tax withholding proceeds received under the Diamond Hill Investment Group, Inc. Employee Stock Purchase Plan (“ESPP”), and distributions to, or contributions from, redeemable non-controllingnoncontrolling interest holders.
ForIn 2023, net cash used in financing activities totaled $46.7 million, consisting of repurchases of DHIL’s common shares of $34.6 million, the year ended December 31, 2020,payment of dividends of $17.7 million, and the value of shares withheld to cover employee tax withholding obligations of $5.2 million. These cash outflows were partially offset by net subscriptions received in the Consolidated Funds from redeemable non-controlling interest holders of $10.4 million and proceeds received under the ESPP of $0.4 million.
In 2022, net cash used in financing activities totaled $62.9 million, consisting of repurchases of DHIL’s common shares of $38.7 million, the payment of special dividends of $38.0$30.7 million, and the repurchasevalue of ourshares withheld to cover employee tax withholding obligations of $3.4 million. These cash outflows were partially offset by net subscriptions received in the Consolidated Funds from redeemable non-controlling interest holders of $9.5 million and proceeds received under the ESPP of $0.5 million.

In 2021, net cash used in financing activities totaled $71.5 million, consisting of the payment of dividends of $73.0 million, repurchases of DHIL’s common shares of $18.6$7.8 million, $1.9and $1.6 million of shares withheld related to employee tax withholding and net redemptions from redeemable non-controlling interest holders of $4.3 million.
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For the year ended December 31, 2019, netobligations. These cash used in financing activities totaled $59.1 million, consisting of the payment of special dividends of $30.3 million, the repurchase of our common shares of $38.7 million, and $1.4 million of shares withheld related to employee tax withholding. These financing outflows were partially offset by net subscriptions received in the Consolidated Funds from redeemable non-controlling interest holders of $11.3$10.3 million and proceeds received under the ESPP of $0.6 million.

For the year ended December 31, 2018, net cash used in financing activities totaled $16.0 million, consisting


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Table of the payment of special dividends of $28.1 million, the repurchase of our common shares of $7.2 million, and $1.9 million of shares withheld related to employee tax withholding. These financing outflows were partially offset by net subscriptions received from redeemable non-controlling interest holders of $21.2 million.Contents

Supplemental Consolidated Cash Flow Statement
The following table summarizes the condensed cash flows for the years ended December 31, 2020, 2019,2023, 2022, and 20182021 that are attributable to Diamond Hillthe Company and to the Consolidated Funds, and the related eliminations required in preparing the consolidated financial statements.
Year Ended December 31, 2020
Cash flow attributable to Diamond Hill Investment Group, Inc.Cash flow attributable to Consolidated FundsEliminationsAs reported on the Consolidated Statement of Cash Flows
Cash flows from operating activities:
Net income$38,660,545 $403,985 $(899,392)$38,165,138 
Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash provided by operating activities:
Depreciation992,836 — — 992,836 
Share-based compensation7,739,320 — — 7,739,320 
Net (gains)/losses on investments(3,500,848)(403,985)899,392 (3,005,441)
Net change in securities held by Consolidated Funds— 3,179,362 — 3,179,362 
Other changes in assets and liabilities13,394,030 (692,760)— 12,701,270 
Net cash provided by operating activities57,285,883 2,486,602 — 59,772,485 
Net cash provided by investing activities6,587,218 — 1,824,482 8,411,700 
Net cash used in financing activities(58,571,152)(2,486,602)(1,824,482)(62,882,236)
Net change during the period5,301,949 — — 5,301,949 
Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of year93,176,253 — — 93,176,253 
Cash and cash equivalents at end of year$98,478,202 $— $— $98,478,202 

Year Ended December 31, 2023
Cash flow attributable to Diamond Hill Investment Group, Inc.Cash flow attributable to Consolidated FundsEliminationsAs reported on the Consolidated Statement of Cash Flows
Cash flows from operating activities:
Net income (loss)$42,226,422 $3,818,572 $(2,959,446)$43,085,548 
Adjustments to reconcile net income (loss) to net cash provided by (used in) operating activities:
Depreciation1,289,315 — — 1,289,315 
Share-based compensation11,691,890 — — 11,691,890 
Net (gains) losses on investments(15,677,551)(3,818,572)2,959,446 (16,536,677)
Net change in securities held by Consolidated Funds— (10,930,911)— (10,930,911)
Other changes in assets and liabilities4,959,742 1,110,217 — 6,069,959 
Net cash provided by (used in) operating activities44,489,818 (9,820,694)— 34,669,124 
Net cash used in investing activities(3,675,461)— (530,163)(4,205,624)
Net cash provided by (used in) financing activities(57,017,780)$9,820,694 $530,163 (46,666,923)
Net change during the year(16,203,423)— — (16,203,423)
Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of year63,195,302 — — 63,195,302 
Cash and cash equivalents at end of year$46,991,879 — — $46,991,879 
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Year Ended December 31, 2019
Cash flow attributable to Diamond Hill Investment Group, Inc.Cash flow attributable to Consolidated FundsEliminationsAs reported on the Consolidated Statement of Cash Flows
Year Ended December 31, 2022Year Ended December 31, 2022
Cash flow attributable to Diamond Hill Investment Group, Inc.Cash flow attributable to Diamond Hill Investment Group, Inc.Cash flow attributable to Consolidated FundsEliminationsAs reported on the Consolidated Statement of Cash Flows
Cash flows from Operating Activities:Cash flows from Operating Activities:
Net Income$54,959,024 $12,108,850 $(7,313,555)$59,754,319 
Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash provided by (used in) operating activities:
Net income (loss)
Net income (loss)
Net income (loss)
Adjustments to reconcile net income (loss) to net cash provided by (used in) operating activities:
Depreciation
Depreciation
DepreciationDepreciation1,164,207 — — 1,164,207 
Share-based compensationShare-based compensation9,081,421 — — 9,081,421 
Net (gains)/losses on investments(16,263,168)(12,108,850)7,313,555 (21,058,463)
Gain on sale of High Yield-Focused Advisory Contracts
Net (gains) losses on investments
Net change in securities held by Consolidated FundsNet change in securities held by Consolidated Funds— 6,286,645 — 6,286,645 
Other changes in assets and liabilitiesOther changes in assets and liabilities4,518,254 (2,780,140)— 1,738,114 
Net cash provided by operating activities53,459,738 3,506,505 — 56,966,243 
Net cash provided by (used in) investing activities25,702,461 (22,723,853)7,876,466 10,855,074 
Net cash provided by (used in) operating activities
Net cash provided by investing activities
Net cash provided by (used in) financing activitiesNet cash provided by (used in) financing activities(70,416,005)19,217,348 (7,876,466)(59,075,123)
Net change during the period8,746,194 — — 8,746,194 
Net change during the year
Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of yearCash and cash equivalents at beginning of year84,430,059 — — 84,430,059 
Cash and cash equivalents at end of yearCash and cash equivalents at end of year$93,176,253 $— $— $93,176,253 

Year Ended December 31, 2018
Cash flow attributable to Diamond Hill Investment Group, Inc.Cash flow attributable to Consolidated FundsEliminationsAs reported on the Consolidated Statement of Cash Flows
Year Ended December 31, 2021Year Ended December 31, 2021
Cash flow attributable to Diamond Hill Investment Group, Inc.Cash flow attributable to Diamond Hill Investment Group, Inc.Cash flow attributable to Consolidated FundsEliminationsAs reported on the Consolidated Statement of Cash Flows
Cash flows from Operating Activities:Cash flows from Operating Activities:
Net Income$47,375,829 $(2,677,977)$1,616,536 $46,314,388 
Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash provided by (used in) operating activities:
Net income (loss)
Net income (loss)
Net income (loss)
Adjustments to reconcile net income (loss) to net cash provided by (used in) operating activities:
Depreciation
Depreciation
DepreciationDepreciation1,159,380 — — 1,159,380 
Share-based compensationShare-based compensation8,896,610 — — 8,896,610 
Net (gains)/losses on investments13,235,941 2,677,977 (1,616,536)14,297,382 
Gain on sale of High Yield-Focused Advisory Contracts
Net (gains) losses on investments
Net change in securities held by Consolidated FundsNet change in securities held by Consolidated Funds— (52,168,968)— (52,168,968)
Other changes in assets and liabilitiesOther changes in assets and liabilities9,202,427 429,372 — 9,631,799 
Net cash provided by (used in) operating activitiesNet cash provided by (used in) operating activities79,870,187 (51,739,596)— 28,130,591 
Net cash provided by (used in) investing activitiesNet cash provided by (used in) investing activities(34,792,725)— 30,531,828 (4,260,897)
Net cash provided by (used in) financing activitiesNet cash provided by (used in) financing activities(37,249,511)51,739,596 (30,531,828)(16,041,743)
Net change during the period7,827,951 — — 7,827,951 
Net change during the year
Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of yearCash and cash equivalents at beginning of year76,602,108 — — 76,602,108 
Cash and cash equivalents at end of yearCash and cash equivalents at end of year$84,430,059 $— $— $84,430,059 

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Selected Quarterly InformationMaterial Cash Commitments
Our unaudited quarterly resultsThe Company’s material cash commitments consist of operations for the years ended December 31, 2020 and 2019 are summarized below:
At or For the Quarter Ended
 20202019
(in thousands, except per share and AUM data)12/3109/3006/3003/3112/3109/3006/3003/31
Assets under management
(in millions)
$26,411 $22,283 $20,645 $17,496 $23,399 $22,203 $21,612 $20,880 
Total revenue35,037 31,176 28,249 31,926 35,908 34,592 33,545 32,579 
Compensation and related costs, excluding deferred compensation expense16,613 13,704 12,558 15,417 16,651 15,715 14,342 13,557 
Deferred compensation expense (benefit)4,588 1,961 3,826 (8,156)1,925 357 1,283 2,412 
Other expenses5,761 5,541 4,838 4,199 5,368 5,763 5,840 5,476 
Total operating expenses26,962 21,206 21,222 11,460 23,944 21,835 21,465 21,445 
Net operating income8,075 9,970 7,027 20,466 11,964 12,757 12,080 11,134 
Investment income (loss), net12,367 5,053 11,563 (22,398)6,880 2,822 6,520 14,285 
Income (loss) before taxes20,442 15,023 18,590 (1,932)18,844 15,579 18,600 25,419 
Income tax expense(4,529)(3,882)(4,952)(595)(4,321)(4,062)(4,442)(5,863)
Net income (loss)15,913 11,141 13,638 (2,527)14,523 11,517 14,158 19,556 
Net income attributable to common shareholders14,364 10,566 12,201 1,530 13,414 11,417 13,195 16,933 
Diluted EPS$4.54 $3.30 $3.79 $0.47 $3.99 $3.35 $3.79 $4.84 
Diluted weighted shares outstanding3,164 3,201 3,221 3,273 3,364 3,412 3,478 3,497 

Contractual Obligations
The following table presents a summary of our futureits obligations under the terms ofits Deferred Compensation Plans, lease commitments, contractual purchase obligations, and deferred compensation obligations as of December 31, 2020. Other purchase obligations includeother contractual amounts that will be due for the purchase of goods and services to be used in our operations, such as mutual fund sub-administration, sales data costs, and investment related research software. These obligationsits operations. Some of these contractual amounts may be cancellable at earlier times than those indicated and, under certain circumstances,conditions and may involve termination fees. Because these obligations are primarily of a normal recurring nature, we expectThe Company expects to fund them fromthese cash commitments with future cash flowsflow from operations.operations and its Deferred compensationCompensation Plans’ investments in the Funds.
Its obligations include compensation that will be paid out in future years and which will be funded byunder the related deferred compensation investments currently heldDeferred Compensation Plans are disclosed on ourthe consolidated balance sheets (seewith more information included in Note 7 to the consolidated financial statements).statements. Its lease obligations are disclosed in Note 8 to the consolidated financial statements. The information presented does not include operating expenses or capital expenditures that will be committedCompany’s other material cash commitments for goods and services used in the normal courseoperations primarily consist of operations in 2021obligations related to long-term software licensing and future years:
  Payments Due by Period
Total20212022202320242025Thereafter
Operating lease obligations$2,652 $624 $624 $624 $624 $156 $— 
Purchase obligations9,345 4,273 2,521 1,344 595 612 — 
Deferred compensation obligations33,242 3,079 2,787 3,238 3,470 4,108 16,560 
Total$45,239 $7,976 $5,932 $5,206 $4,689 $4,876 $16,560 
maintenance contracts.

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Non-GAAP Financial Measures and Reconciliation

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Use of Supplemental Data as Non-GAAP Performance Measures
As supplementala supplement to information we arecalculated and presented in accordance with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles (“GAAP”), the Company is providing performancecertain financial measures that are based on methodologies other than U.S. generally accepted accounting principlesGAAP (“non-GAAP”). We believeManagement believes the non-GAAP financial measures below are useful measures of ourthe Company’s core business activities, are important metrics in estimating the value of an asset management business, and may enable more appropriate comparisonhelp facilitate comparisons to our peers. Company operating performance across periods.These non-GAAP financial measures should not be used as a substitute for financial measures calculated in accordance with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles (“GAAP”)GAAP and may be calculated differently by other companies.The following schedule reconcilesschedules reconcile the differences between financial measures calculated in accordance with GAAP measures to non-GAAP financial measures for the years ended December 31, 2020, 2019,2023, 2022, and 2018,2021, respectively.
 Year Ended December 31,
(in thousands, except percentages and per share data)202020192018
Total revenue$126,388 $136,624 $145,628 
Net operating income, GAAP basis$45,538 $47,935 $71,256 
Non-GAAP adjustments:
Gains (losses) on deferred compensation plan investments, net(1)
2,219 5,977 (2,122)
Net operating income, as adjusted, non-GAAP basis(2)
47,757 53,912 69,134 
Non-GAAP adjustments:
Tax provision on net operating income, as adjusted, non-GAAP basis(3)
(12,668)(13,680)(19,542)
Net operating income, as adjusted, after tax, non-GAAP basis(4)
$35,089 $40,232 $49,592 
Net operating income, as adjusted after tax per diluted share, non-GAAP basis(5)
$10.91 $11.71 $14.11 
Diluted weighted average shares outstanding, GAAP basis3,215 3,437 3,515 
Operating profit margin, GAAP basis36 %35 %49 %
Operating profit margin, as adjusted, non-GAAP basis(6)
38 %39 %47 %
 Year Ended December 31, 2023
(in thousands, except percentages and per share data)Total operating expensesNet operating incomeTotal non-operating income
Income tax expense(5)
Net income attributable to common shareholdersEarnings per share attributable to common shareholders - dilutedNet operating profit margin
GAAP Basis$101,212 $35,504 $23,071 $15,490 $42,226 $14.32 26 %
Non-GAAP Adjustments:
Deferred compensation liability(1)
(5,600)5,600 (5,600)— — — %
Consolidated Funds(2)
— 330 (4,148)(793)(2,166)(0.73)— 
Other investment income(4)
— — $(13,323)(3,571)(9,752)(3.31)— 
Adjusted Non-GAAP Basis$95,612 $41,434 — $11,126 $30,308 $10.28 30 %
(1)Gains (losses) on deferred compensation plan investments, net: The gain (loss) on deferred compensation plan investments, which increases (decreases) deferred compensation expense included in operating income, is removed from operating income in the calculation because it is offset by an equal amount in investment income (loss) below net operating income on the income statement, and thus has no impact on net income attributable to us.
(2)Net operating income, as adjusted: This non-GAAP measure represents our net operating income adjusted to exclude the impact on compensation expense of gains and losses on investments in the deferred compensation plan.
(3)Tax provision on net operating income, as adjusted: This non-GAAP measure represents the tax provision excluding the impact of investment related activity and is calculated by applying the unconsolidated effective tax rate to net operating income, as adjusted.
(4)Net operating income, as adjusted, after tax: Thisnon-GAAP measure deducts from the net operating income, as adjusted, the tax provision on net operating income, as adjusted.
(5)Net operating income, as adjusted after tax per diluted share: This non-GAAP measure was calculated by dividing the net operating income, as adjusted after tax, by diluted weighted average shares outstanding.
(6) Operating profit margin, as adjusted: This non-GAAP measure was calculated by dividing the net operating income, as adjusted, by total revenue.
Off-Balance Sheet Arrangements
We do not have any off-balance sheet arrangements. We do not have any obligation under a guarantee contract, or a retained or contingent interest in assets or similar arrangement that serves as credit, liquidity or market risk support for such assets, or any other obligation, contingent or otherwise, under a contract that would be accounted for as a derivative instrument or arising out of a variable interest.
 Year Ended December 31, 2022
(in thousands, except percentages and per share data)Total operating expensesNet operating incomeTotal non-operating loss
Income tax expense(5)
Net income attributable to common shareholdersEarnings per share attributable to common shareholders - dilutedNet operating profit margin
GAAP Basis$90,165 $64,331 $(13,373)$14,088 $40,434 $13.01 42 %
Non-GAAP Adjustments:
Deferred compensation liability(1)
4,402 (4,402)4,402 — — — (3)%
Consolidated Funds(2)
— 423 11,317 2,113 6,063 1.95 — 
Gain on sale of High Yield-Focused Advisory Contracts(3)
— — (6,814)(1,761)(5,053)(1.63)— 
Other investment income(4)
— — $4,468 1,155 3,313 1.07 — 
Adjusted Non-GAAP Basis$94,567 $60,352 — $15,595 $44,757 $14.40 39 %
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 Year Ended December 31, 2021
(in thousands, except percentages and per share data)Total operating expensesNet operating incomeTotal non-operating income
Income tax expense(5)
Net income attributable to common shareholdersEarnings per share attributable to common shareholders - dilutedNet operating profit margin
GAAP Basis$105,936 $76,258 $25,381 $26,050 $74,201 $23.34 42 %
Non-GAAP Adjustments:
Deferred compensation liability(1)
(7,082)7,082 (7,082)— — — %
Consolidated Funds(2)
— 340 (6,192)(1,160)(3,304)(1.04)— %
Gain on sale of High Yield-Focused Advisory Contracts(3)
— — (9,000)(2,339)(6,661)(2.10)— %
Other investment income(4)
— — $(3,107)(808)(2,299)(0.72)— %
Adjusted Non-GAAP Basis$98,854 $83,680 — $21,743 $61,937 $19.48 46 %
(1) This non-GAAP adjustment removes the compensation expense resulting from market valuation changes in the Deferred Compensation Plans’ liability and the related net gains/losses on investments designated as an economic hedge against the related liability. Amounts deferred under the Deferred Compensation Plans are adjusted for appreciation/depreciation of investments chosen by participants. The Company believes it is useful to offset the non-operating investment income or loss realized on the hedges against the related compensation expense and remove the net impact to help readers understand the Company’s core operating results and to improve comparability from period to period.
(2) This non-GAAP adjustment removes the impact that the Consolidated Funds have on the Company’s GAAP consolidated statements of income. Specifically, the Company adds back the operating expenses and subtracts the investment income of the Consolidated Funds. The adjustment to net operating income represents the operating expenses of the Consolidated Funds, net of the elimination of related management and administrative fees. The adjustment to net income attributable to common shareholders represents the net income of the Consolidated Funds, net of redeemable non-controlling interests. The Company believes removing the impact of the Consolidated Funds helps readers understand its core operating results and improves comparability from period to period.
(3) This non-GAAP adjustment removes the impact of the gain on the sale of the High Yield-Focused Advisory Contracts. The sale of the High Yield-Focused Advisory Contracts was a discrete transaction, thus, the Company believes that removing the impact of the gain helps readers understand the Company’s core operating results and improves comparability period to period.
(4) This non-GAAP adjustment represents the net gains or losses earned on the Company’s non-consolidated investment portfolio that are not designated as economic hedges of the Deferred Compensation Plans’ liability, non-consolidated seed investments, and other investments. The Company believes adjusting for these non-operating income or loss items helps readers understand the Company’s core operating results and improves comparability from period to period.
(5) The income tax expense impacts were calculated and resulted in an overall non-GAAP effective tax rate of 26.8% for 2023, 25.8% for 2022 and 26.0% for 2021.

Critical Accounting Policies and Estimates
The preparation of financial statements requires management to make estimates, judgments, and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets, liabilities, revenues, expenses, and related disclosures of contingent assets and liabilities. The Company evaluates such estimates, judgments, and assumptions on an ongoing basis, and bases its estimates, judgements, and assumptions on historical experiences, current trends, and various other factors that it believes to be reasonable under the circumstances. By their nature, these estimates, judgments, and assumptions are subject to uncertainty, and actual results may differ materially from these estimates.

Consolidation. We consolidateThe Company consolidates all subsidiaries and certain investments in which we havethe Company has a controlling interest. We areThe Company is generally deemed to have a controlling interest when we ownit owns the majority of the voting interest of a voting rights entity (“VRE”) or are deemed to be the primary beneficiary of a variable interest entity (“VIE”). A VIE is an
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entity that lacks sufficient equity to finance its activities, or any entity whose equity holders do not have defined power to direct the activities of the entity normally associated with an equity investment. OurThe Company’s analysis to determine whether an entity is a VIE or a VRE involves judgment and considers several factors, including an entity’s legal organization, equity structure, the rights of the investment holders, ourthe Company’s ownership interest in the entity, and ourits contractual involvement with the entity. WeThe Company continually reviewreviews and reconsider ourreconsiders its VIE or VRE conclusions upon the occurrence of certain events, such as changes to ourits ownership interest, or amendments to contract documents.
Provisions for Income Taxes. The objectives of accounting for income taxes are to recognize the amount of taxes payable or refundable for the current year and deferred tax liabilities and assets for the future tax consequences of events that have been recognized in an entity’s financial statements or tax returns. Judgment is required in assessing the future tax consequences of events that have been recognized in ourthe Company’s financial statements or tax returns.
Revenue Recognition on Performance-Based Advisory Contracts. We haveDHCM has certain investment advisory contracts in which a portion of the fees are based on investment performance achieved in the respective client portfolio in excess of a specified hurdle rate. These fees are calculated based on client investment results over rolling five-year periods. We recordThe Company records performance-based fees at the end of the contract measurement period because the performance-based fees earned are constrained based on movements in the financial markets.
Revenue Recognition when Acting as an Agent vs. Principal. The Funds have selected and contractually engaged certain vendors to fulfill various services to benefit the Funds’ shareholders or to satisfy regulatory requirements of the Funds. These services include, among others, required fund shareholder mailings, registration services, and legal and audit services. DHCM, in fulfilling a portion of its role under the administration agreement with the Funds, acts as agent to pay these obligations of the Funds. Each vendor is independently responsible for fulfillment of the services it has been engaged to provide and negotiates fees and terms with the management and board of trustees of the Funds. The fee that the Funds pay to DHCM is reviewed annually by the Funds’ board of trustees and specifically considers the contractual expenses that DHCM pays on behalf of the Funds. As a result, DHCM is not involved in the delivery or pricing of these services and bears no risk related to these services. Revenue has been recorded net of these Fund expenses, as appropriate for this agency relationship.


ITEM 7A.Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk
OurThe Company’s revenues and net income are based primarily on the value of ourits AUM. Accordingly, declines in financial market values directly and negatively impact ourits investment advisory revenues and net income.
We investThe Company invests in the Funds,its investment strategies, which are market risk sensitive financial instruments. These investments have inherent market risk in the form of price risk; that is,risk due to the potential future loss of value that would result from a decline in their fair value. Market prices fluctuate, and the amount realized upon subsequent sale may differ significantly from the reported market value.
During the first quarter of 2020, the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic spread rapidly on a global basis and caused increasing disruption to populations, economic activity, and the global financial markets. While markets recovered sharply in the second, third, and fourth quarters of 2020, the impact and ongoing uncertainty related to the COVID-19 pandemic continued through the end of 2020.
The table below summarizes ourthe Company’s market risks as of December 31, 2020,2023, and shows the effects of a hypothetical 10% increase and decrease in investments.
Fair Value as of December 31, 2020Fair Value
Assuming a
Hypothetical
10% Increase
Fair Value
Assuming a
Hypothetical
10% Decrease
Fair Value as of December 31, 2023Fair Value as of December 31, 2023Fair Value
Assuming a
Hypothetical
10% Increase
Fair Value
Assuming a
Hypothetical
10% Decrease
Equity investmentsEquity investments$75,115,159 $82,626,675 $67,603,643 
Fixed Income investmentsFixed Income investments53,285,977 58,614,575 47,957,379 
TotalTotal$128,401,136 $141,241,250 $115,561,022 

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ITEM 8.Financial Statements and Supplementary Data


Index to Consolidated Financial Statements

Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm (KPMG LLP, Columbus, OH, Auditor Firm ID: 185)
39



Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm

To the Shareholders and Board of Directors
Diamond Hill Investment Group, Inc.:
Opinion on the Consolidated Financial Statements
We have audited the accompanying consolidated balance sheets of Diamond Hill Investment Group, Inc. and subsidiaries (the “Company”)Company) as of December 31, 20202023 and 2019,2022, the related consolidated statements of income, shareholders’ equity and redeemable noncontrolling interest, and cash flows for each of the years in the three-year period ended December 31, 2020,2023, and the related notes (collectively, the “consolidatedconsolidated financial statements”)statements). In our opinion, the consolidated financial statements present fairly, in all material respects, the financial position of the Company as of December 31, 20202023 and 2019,2022, and the results of its operations and its cash flows for each of the years in the three‑yearthree-year period ended December 31, 2020,2023, in conformity with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles.
We also have audited, in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States) (“PCAOB”)(PCAOB), the Company’s internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2020,2023, based on criteria established in Internal Control - Integrated Framework (2013) issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission, and our report dated February 25, 202129, 2024 expressed an unqualified opinion on the effectiveness of the Company’s internal control over financial reporting.
Basis for Opinion
These consolidated financial statements are the responsibility of the Company’s management. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on these consolidated financial statements based on our audits. We are a public accounting firm registered with the PCAOB and are required to be independent with respect to the Company in accordance with the U.S. federal securities laws and the applicable rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission and the PCAOB.
We conducted our audits in accordance with the standards of the PCAOB. Those standards require that we plan and perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the consolidated financial statements are free of material misstatement, whether due to error or fraud. Our audits included performing procedures to assess the risks of material misstatement of the consolidated financial statements, whether due to error or fraud, and performing procedures that respond to those risks. Such procedures included examining, on a test basis, evidence regarding the amounts and disclosures in the consolidated financial statements. Our audits also included evaluating the accounting principles used and significant estimates made by management, as well as evaluating the overall presentation of the consolidated financial statements. We believe that our audits provide a reasonable basis for our opinion.
Critical Audit Matter
The critical audit matter communicated below is a matter arising from the current period audit of the consolidated financial statements that was communicated or required to be communicated to the audit committee and that: (1) relates to accounts or disclosures that are material to the consolidated financial statements and (2) involved our especially challenging, subjective, or complex judgments. The communication of a critical audit matter does not alter in any way our opinion on the consolidated financial statements, taken as a whole, and we are not, by communicating the critical audit matter below, providing a separate opinion on the critical audit matter or on the accounts or disclosures to which it relates.
Evaluation of the assets under management data used in the calculation of sub-advisory and separately managed account investment advisory fee revenue for separately managed accounts (excluding performance-based fees), collective investment trusts and other pooled vehicles.
As discussed in Note 2 to the consolidated financial statements, the Company recognizes investment advisory revenue for its sub-advisory and separately managed accountaccounts (excluding performance-based fees), collective investment advisory agreementstrusts and other pooled vehicles based on a percentage of its assets under management (AUM). The Company recognized $31.0$38.0 million in investment advisory fees related to sub-advised funds and separately managed accounts (excluding performance-based fees), collective investment trusts and other pooled vehicles during the year ended December 31, 2020.2023. AUM is an input to the calculation of the investment advisory fee revenue. Specifically, as it pertains to these accounts, the inputs to the AUM calculation and the calculated AUM value are transmitted through multiple information technology (IT) systems used in the calculation of investment advisory fee revenue.
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We identified the evaluation of the AUM data used in the calculation of sub-advisory and separately managed accountaccounts (excluding performance-based fees), collective investment trusts and other pooled vehicles investment advisory fee revenue as a critical audit matter. There is a high degree of auditor judgment required to perform procedures to address the Company’s use of multiple IT systems to maintain the AUM data. Such procedures requiredata, including the use of professionals with specialized skills and knowledge to test the AUM data as it is processed through multiple IT systems.
The following are the primary procedures we performed to address this critical audit matter. We evaluated the design and tested the operating effectiveness of certain internal controls related to the critical audit matter. This included controls related to the inputs to the AUM calculation, as well as controls over the reconciliation ofthat reconcile AUM between IT systems. We involved IT professionals with specialized skills and knowledge, who assisted in the testing of application and related general IT controls relevant to the IT systems used to maintain AUM data. We compared AUM used in the calculation of investment advisory fees to the source IT systems for a selection of accounts.
/s/ KPMG LLP
We have served as the Company’s auditor since 2012.

Columbus, Ohio
February 25, 202129, 2024

36


Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm

To the Shareholders and Board of Directors
Diamond Hill Investment Group, Inc.:
Opinion on Internal Control Over Financial Reporting
We have audited Diamond Hill Investment Group, Inc.’s and subsidiaries’ (the “Company”) internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2020, based on criteria established in Internal Control - Integrated Framework (2013) issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission. In our opinion, the Company maintained, in all material respects, effective internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2020, based on criteria established in Internal Control - Integrated Framework (2013) issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission.
We also have audited, in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States) (“PCAOB”), the consolidated balance sheets of the Company as of December 31, 2020 and 2019, the related consolidated statements of income, shareholders’ equity and redeemable noncontrolling interest, and cash flows for each of the years in the three-year period ended December 31, 2020, and the related notes (collectively, the consolidated financial statements), and our report dated February 25, 2021 expressed an unqualified opinion on those consolidated financial statements.
Basis for Opinion
The Company’s management is responsible for maintaining effective internal control over financial reporting and for its assessment of the effectiveness of internal control over financial reporting, included in the accompanying Management’s Annual Report on Internal Control Over Financial Reporting. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on the Company’s internal control over financial reporting based on our audit. We are a public accounting firm registered with the PCAOB and are required to be independent with respect to the Company in accordance with the U.S. federal securities laws and the applicable rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission and the PCAOB.
We conducted our audit in accordance with the standards of the PCAOB. Those standards require that we plan and perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether effective internal control over financial reporting was maintained in all material respects. Our audit of internal control over financial reporting included obtaining an understanding of internal control over financial reporting, assessing the risk that a material weakness exists, and testing and evaluating the design and operating effectiveness of internal control based on the assessed risk. Our audit also included performing such other procedures as we considered necessary in the circumstances. We believe that our audit provides a reasonable basis for our opinion.
Definition and Limitations of Internal Control Over Financial Reporting
A company’s internal control over financial reporting is a process designed to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles. A company’s internal control over financial reporting includes those policies and procedures that (1) pertain to the maintenance of records that, in reasonable detail, accurately and fairly reflect the transactions and dispositions of the assets of the company; (2) provide reasonable assurance that transactions are recorded as necessary to permit preparation of financial statements in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles, and that receipts and expenditures of the company are being made only in accordance with authorizations of management and directors of the company; and (3) provide reasonable assurance regarding prevention or timely detection of unauthorized acquisition, use, or disposition of the company’s assets that could have a material effect on the financial statements.
Because of its inherent limitations, internal control over financial reporting may not prevent or detect misstatements. Also, projections of any evaluation of effectiveness to future periods are subject to the risk that controls may become inadequate because of changes in conditions, or that the degree of compliance with the policies or procedures may deteriorate.


/s/ KPMG LLP
Columbus, Ohio
February 25, 2021

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Table of Contents
Diamond Hill Investment Group, Inc.
Consolidated Balance Sheets
 December 31,
 20202019
ASSETS
Cash and cash equivalents$98,478,202 $93,176,253 
Investments128,401,136 139,437,178 
Accounts receivable17,805,864 17,223,362 
Prepaid expenses2,977,759 2,857,468 
Income taxes receivable256,538 3,849,099 
Property and equipment, net of depreciation6,740,396 5,733,737 
Deferred taxes8,437,446 10,386,853 
Total assets$263,097,341 $272,663,950 
LIABILITIES AND SHAREHOLDERS’ EQUITY
Liabilities
Accounts payable and accrued expenses$8,002,303 $8,671,731 
Accrued incentive compensation28,400,000 26,615,510 
Deferred compensation33,241,952 30,342,204 
Total liabilities69,644,255 65,629,445 
Redeemable noncontrolling interest9,372,333 14,178,824 
Permanent Shareholders’ Equity
Common stock, no par value
7,000,000 shares authorized; 3,168,823 issued and outstanding at December 31, 2020 (inclusive of 183,718 unvested shares); 3,294,672 issued and outstanding at December 31, 2019 (inclusive of 227,844 unvested shares)
80,810,946 95,853,477 
Preferred stock, undesignated, 1,000,000 shares authorized and unissued
Deferred equity compensation(14,748,118)(20,331,890)
Retained Earnings118,017,925 117,334,094 
Total permanent shareholders’ equity184,080,753 192,855,681 
Total liabilities and shareholders’ equity$263,097,341 $272,663,950 
Book value per share$58.09 $58.54 
 December 31,
 20232022
ASSETS
Cash and cash equivalents$46,991,879 $63,195,302 
Investments147,738,862 145,675,711 
Accounts receivable18,051,241 17,329,034 
Prepaid expenses3,509,460 3,435,269 
Income taxes receivable1,620,864 1,463,547 
Property and equipment, net of depreciation2,591,604 4,348,341 
Deferred taxes11,590,438 14,374,206 
Total assets$232,094,348 $249,821,410 
LIABILITIES AND SHAREHOLDERS’ EQUITY
Liabilities
Accounts payable and accrued expenses$6,190,370 $9,177,977 
Accrued incentive compensation29,500,000 32,100,000 
Deferred compensation36,087,170 30,744,990 
Total liabilities71,777,540 72,022,967 
Redeemable noncontrolling interest— 14,126,198 
Permanent Shareholders’ Equity
Common shares, no par value: 7,000,000 shares authorized; 2,823,076 issued and outstanding at December 31, 2023 (inclusive of 190,172 unvested shares); 3,010,457 issued and outstanding at December 31, 2022 (inclusive of 219,459 unvested shares)22,164,410 51,688,631 
Preferred stock, undesignated, 1,000,000 shares authorized and unissued— — 
Deferred equity compensation(15,392,418)(17,011,144)
Retained earnings153,544,816 128,994,758 
Total permanent shareholders’ equity160,316,808 163,672,245 
Total liabilities and shareholders’ equity$232,094,348 $249,821,410 
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.
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Diamond Hill Investment Group, Inc.
Consolidated Statements of Income
 Year Ended December 31,
 202020192018
REVENUES:
Investment advisory$119,125,230 $128,009,409 $135,317,805 
Mutual fund administration, net7,262,488 8,614,971 10,309,943 
Total revenue126,387,718 136,624,380 145,627,748 
OPERATING EXPENSES:
Compensation and related costs, excluding deferred compensation expense58,291,670 60,264,117 55,975,361 
Deferred compensation expense (benefit)2,218,898 5,976,938 (2,121,691)
General and administrative11,002,572 13,277,843 11,648,925 
Sales and marketing5,999,846 5,867,297 5,242,848 
Mutual fund administration3,336,575 3,302,767 3,625,898 
Total operating expenses80,849,561 88,688,962 74,371,341 
NET OPERATING INCOME45,538,157 47,935,418 71,256,407 
Investment income (loss), net6,584,849 30,507,375 (6,272,678)
INCOME BEFORE TAXES52,123,006 78,442,793 64,983,729 
Income tax expense(13,957,868)(18,688,474)(18,669,341)
NET INCOME38,165,138 59,754,319 46,314,388 
Net loss (income) attributable to redeemable noncontrolling interest495,407 (4,795,295)1,061,441 
NET INCOME ATTRIBUTABLE TO COMMON SHAREHOLDERS$38,660,545 $54,959,024 $47,375,829 
Earnings per share attributable to common shareholders
Basic$12.03 $15.99 $13.49 
Diluted$12.03 $15.99 $13.48 
Weighted average shares outstanding
Basic3,214,564 3,436,574 3,512,470 
Diluted3,214,564 3,436,641 3,514,528 
 Year Ended December 31,
 202320222021
REVENUES:
Investment advisory$129,179,500 $144,325,517 $170,137,609 
Mutual fund administration, net7,536,871 10,170,502 12,056,228 
Total revenue136,716,371 154,496,019 182,193,837 
OPERATING EXPENSES:
Compensation and related costs, excluding deferred compensation expense (benefit)70,730,640 70,505,216 73,591,327 
Deferred compensation expense (benefit)5,599,880 (4,402,265)7,082,153 
General and administrative14,935,033 13,606,922 14,020,836 
Sales and marketing6,684,410 7,159,686 7,659,423 
Mutual fund administration3,262,421 3,294,983 3,581,960 
Total operating expenses101,212,384 90,164,542 105,935,699 
NET OPERATING INCOME35,503,987 64,331,477 76,258,138 
NON-OPERATING INCOME (LOSS)
Investment income (loss), net23,071,441 (20,186,511)16,381,216 
Gain on sale of High Yield-Focused Advisory Contracts— 6,813,579 9,000,000 
Total non-operating income (loss)23,071,441 (13,372,932)25,381,216 
NET INCOME BEFORE TAXES58,575,428 50,958,545 101,639,354 
Income tax expense(15,489,880)(14,087,783)(26,049,815)
NET INCOME43,085,548 36,870,762 75,589,539 
Net loss (income) attributable to redeemable noncontrolling interest(859,126)3,563,345 (1,388,930)
NET INCOME ATTRIBUTABLE TO COMMON SHAREHOLDERS$42,226,422 $40,434,107 $74,200,609 
Earnings per share attributable to common shareholders
Basic$14.32 $13.01 $23.34 
Diluted$14.32 $13.01 $23.34 
Weighted average shares outstanding
Basic2,948,625 3,107,604 3,179,497 
Diluted2,948,625 3,107,604 3,179,497 
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.
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Diamond Hill Investment Group, Inc.
Consolidated Statements of Shareholders’ Equity and Redeemable Noncontrolling Interest
Shares
Outstanding
Common
Shares
Deferred Equity
Compensation
Retained
Earnings
TotalRedeemable Noncontrolling Interest
Balance at December 31, 20203,168,823 $80,810,946 $(14,748,118)$118,017,925 $184,080,753 $9,372,333 
Issuance of restricted stock grants69,879 11,105,508 (11,105,508)— — — 
Amortization of restricted stock grants— — 7,182,299 — 7,182,299 — 
Common shares issued as incentive compensation3,681 529,806 — — 529,806 — 
Issuance of common shares related to 401(k) plan match506 87,667 — — 87,667 — 
Issuance of common shares related to employee stock purchase plan4,278 748,472 — — 748,472 — 
Shares withheld related to employee tax withholding obligations(10,057)(1,625,413)— — (1,625,413)— 
Forfeiture of restricted stock grants(19,847)(3,402,622)3,402,622 — — — 
Repurchases of common shares(45,727)(7,820,315)— — (7,820,315)— 
Cash dividends paid of $23.00 per share— — — (72,960,976)(72,960,976)— 
Net income— — — 74,200,609 74,200,609 1,388,930 
Net subscriptions of consolidated funds— — — — — 10,298,891 
Net deconsolidations of Company sponsored investments— — — — — (3,303,818)
Balance at December 31, 20213,171,536 $80,434,049 $(15,268,705)$119,257,558 $184,422,902 $17,756,336 
Issuance of restricted stock grants76,143 13,436,439 (13,436,439)— — — 
Amortization of restricted stock grants— — 10,530,486 — 10,530,486 — 
Common shares issued as incentive compensation2,743 487,870 — — 487,870 — 
Issuance of common shares related to 401(k) plan match211 37,313 — — 37,313 — 
Issuance of common shares related to employee stock purchase plan3,392 619,159 — — 619,159 — 
Shares withheld related to employee tax withholding obligations(19,302)(3,436,678)— — (3,436,678)— 
Forfeiture of restricted stock grants(7,257)(1,163,514)1,163,514 — — — 
Repurchases of common shares(217,009)(38,726,007)— — (38,726,007)— 
Cash dividends paid of $10.00 per share— — — (30,696,907)(30,696,907)— 
Net income (loss)— — — 40,434,107 40,434,107 (3,563,345)
Net deconsolidations of Company sponsored investments— — — — — (9,528,503)
Net subscriptions of consolidated funds— — — — — 9,461,710 
Balance at December 31, 20223,010,457 $51,688,631 $(17,011,144)$128,994,758 $163,672,245 $14,126,198 
Issuance of restricted stock grants59,578 11,131,853 (11,131,853)— — — 
Amortization of restricted stock grants— — 11,603,239 — 11,603,239 — 
Issuance of common shares related to 401(k) plan match99 16,344 — — 16,344 — 
Issuance of common shares related to employee stock purchase plan2,904 482,097 — — 482,097 — 
Shares withheld related to employee tax withholding obligations(30,204)(5,131,262)— — (5,131,262)— 
Forfeiture of restricted stock grants(7,120)(1,147,340)1,147,340 — — — 
Repurchases of common shares (inclusive of accrued excise tax of $255,969)(212,638)(34,875,913)— — (34,875,913)— 
Cash dividends paid of $6.00 per share— — — (17,676,364)(17,676,364)— 
Net income— — — 42,226,422 42,226,422 859,126 
Net deconsolidations of Company sponsored investments— — — — — (25,336,181)
Net subscriptions of consolidated funds— — — — — $10,350,857 
Balance at December 31, 20232,823,076 $22,164,410 $(15,392,418)$153,544,816 $160,316,808 — 
Shares
Outstanding
Common
Stock
Deferred Equity
Compensation
Retained
Earnings
TotalRedeemable Noncontrolling Interest
Balance at January 1, 20183,470,428 $118,209,111 $(19,134,963)$73,369,672 $172,443,820 $20,076,806 
Issuance of restricted stock grants73,025 13,654,592 (13,654,592)— — 
Amortization of restricted stock grants— — 6,664,875 — 6,664,875 — 
Common stock issued as incentive compensation20,153 4,109,197 — — 4,109,197 — 
Issuance of common stock related to 401k plan match11,967 2,231,735 — — 2,231,735 — 
Shares withheld related to employee tax withholding(9,918)(1,925,700)— — (1,925,700)— 
Repurchases of common stock(45,470)(7,229,249)— — (7,229,249)— 
Forfeiture of restricted stock grants(20,900)(4,116,626)4,116,626 — — 
Cash dividend paid of $8.00 per share— — — (28,094,564)(28,094,564)— 
Net income— — — 47,375,829 47,375,829 (1,061,441)
Net subscriptions of consolidated funds— — — — — 27,219,682 
New consolidations of Company sponsored investments— — — — — 16,444,640 
Balance at December 31, 20183,499,285 $124,933,060 $(22,008,054)$92,650,937 $195,575,943 $62,679,687 
Issuance of restricted stock grants53,969 7,471,799 (7,471,799)— — 
Amortization of restricted stock grants— — 6,584,485 — 6,584,485 — 
Common stock issued as incentive compensation24,048 3,655,296 — — 3,655,296 — 
Issuance of common stock related to 401k plan match17,651 2,496,936 — — 2,496,936 — 
Shares withheld related to employee tax withholding(9,928)(1,390,482)— — (1,390,482)— 
Forfeiture of restricted stock grants(14,200)(2,563,478)2,563,478 — — 
Repurchases of common stock(276,153)(38,749,654)— — (38,749,654)— 
Cash dividend paid of $9.00 per share— — — (30,275,867)(30,275,867)— 
Net income— — — 54,959,024 54,959,024 4,795,295 
Net subscriptions of consolidated funds— — — — — 8,095,940 
Net deconsolidations of Company sponsored investments— — — — — (61,392,098)
Balance at December 31, 20193,294,672 $95,853,477 $(20,331,890)$117,334,094 $192,855,681 $14,178,824 
Issuance of restricted stock grants22,099 2,548,440 (2,548,440)— — 
Amortization of restricted stock grants— — 5,227,574 — 5,227,574 — 
Common stock issued as incentive compensation23,640 3,396,359 — — 3,396,359 — 
Issuance of common stock related to 401k plan match20,976 2,511,746 — — 2,511,746 — 
Shares withheld related to employee tax withholding(19,189)(1,947,456)— — (1,947,456)— 
Forfeiture of restricted stock grants(15,625)(2,904,638)2,904,638 — — 
Repurchases of common stock(157,750)(18,646,982)— — (18,646,982)— 
Cash dividend paid of $12.00 per share— — — (37,976,714)(37,976,714)— 
Net income— — — 38,660,545 38,660,545 (495,407)
Net redemptions of consolidated funds— — — — — (4,311,084)
Balance at December 31, 20203,168,823 $80,810,946 $(14,748,118)$118,017,925 $184,080,753 $9,372,333 

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.
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Diamond Hill Investment Group, Inc.
Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows
 Year Ended December 31,
 202020192018
CASH FLOWS FROM OPERATING ACTIVITIES:
Net Income$38,165,138 $59,754,319 $46,314,388 
Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash provided by operating activities:
Depreciation992,836 1,164,207 1,159,380 
Share-based compensation7,739,320 9,081,421 8,896,610 
Increase in accounts receivable(582,502)(5,021,516)(1,014,839)
Change in current income taxes3,592,561 (6,617,780)6,883,643 
Change in deferred income taxes1,949,407 1,079,247 (5,622,396)
Net (gain) loss on investments(3,005,441)(21,058,463)14,297,382 
Net change in securities held by Consolidated Funds3,179,362 6,286,645 (52,168,968)
Increase in accrued incentive compensation5,180,849 3,516,639 5,366,864 
Increase in deferred compensation2,899,748 7,954,330 1,907,084 
Other changes in assets and liabilities(338,793)827,194 2,111,443 
Net cash provided by operating activities59,772,485 56,966,243 28,130,591 
CASH FLOWS FROM INVESTING ACTIVITIES:
Purchase of property and equipment(2,450,421)(707,790)(781,951)
Purchase of Company sponsored investments(14,852,892)(14,351,062)(6,332,090)
Proceeds from sale of Company sponsored investments25,715,013 48,637,779 2,853,144 
Net cash on deconsolidation of Company sponsored investments(22,723,853)
Net cash provided by (used in) investing activities8,411,700 10,855,074 (4,260,897)
CASH FLOWS FROM FINANCING ACTIVITIES:
Value of shares withheld related to employee tax withholding(1,947,456)(1,390,482)(1,925,700)
Payment of dividends(37,976,714)(30,275,867)(28,094,564)
Net subscriptions (redemptions) received from redeemable noncontrolling interest holders(4,311,084)11,340,880 21,207,770 
Repurchase of common stock(18,646,982)(38,749,654)(7,229,249)
Net cash used in financing activities(62,882,236)(59,075,123)(16,041,743)
CASH AND CASH EQUIVALENTS
Net change during the year5,301,949 8,746,194 7,827,951 
At beginning of year93,176,253 84,430,059 76,602,108 
At end of year$98,478,202 $93,176,253 $84,430,059 
Supplemental cash flow information:
Income taxes paid$8,415,900 $24,227,006 $17,408,094 
Supplemental disclosure of non-cash transactions:
Common stock issued as incentive compensation3,396,359 3,655,296 4,109,197 
Charitable donation of corporate investments1,989,803 
Net (redemptions) subscriptions of ETF Shares for marketable securities(3,244,940)6,282,621 
 Year Ended December 31,
 202320222021
CASH FLOWS FROM OPERATING ACTIVITIES:
Net income$43,085,548 $36,870,762 $75,589,539 
Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash provided by operating activities:
Depreciation1,289,315 1,377,610 1,281,420 
Share-based compensation11,691,890 10,660,673 7,415,170 
Increase (decrease) in accounts receivable(3,393,686)3,107,409 (2,666,551)
Change in current income taxes(157,317)(2,265,287)1,058,278 
Change in deferred income taxes2,783,768 (4,526,654)(1,410,106)
Gain on sale of High Yield-Focused Advisory Contracts— (6,813,579)(9,000,000)
Net loss (gain) on investments(16,536,677)24,471,894 (10,878,658)
Net change in securities held by Consolidated Funds(10,930,911)(14,039,687)(50,430,607)
Increase (decrease) in accrued incentive compensation(2,600,000)(4,647,548)9,365,224 
Increase (decrease) in deferred compensation5,342,180 (6,603,304)4,106,342 
Other changes in assets and liabilities4,095,014 1,890,346 1,882,186 
Net cash provided by operating activities34,669,124 39,482,635 26,312,237 
CASH FLOWS FROM INVESTING ACTIVITIES:
Purchase of property and equipment(21,705)(101,454)(1,104,981)
Purchase of Company sponsored investments(19,469,955)(7,606,958)(21,395,411)
Proceeds from sale of Company sponsored investments15,286,036 6,928,704 40,764,891 
Proceeds from sale of High Yield-Focused Advisory Contracts— 6,813,579 9,000,000 
Net cash provided by (used in) investing activities(4,205,624)6,033,871 27,264,499 
CASH FLOWS FROM FINANCING ACTIVITIES:
Value of shares withheld related to employee tax withholding obligations(5,131,262)(3,436,678)(1,625,413)
Payment of dividends(17,676,364)(30,696,907)(72,960,976)
Net subscriptions received from redeemable noncontrolling interest holders10,350,857 9,461,710 10,298,891 
Repurchase of common shares(34,619,944)(38,726,007)(7,820,315)
Proceeds received under employee stock purchase plan409,790 526,285 603,268 
Net cash used in financing activities(46,666,923)(62,871,597)(71,504,545)
CASH AND CASH EQUIVALENTS
Net change during the year(16,203,423)(17,355,091)(17,927,809)
At beginning of year63,195,302 80,550,393 98,478,202 
At end of year$46,991,879 $63,195,302 $80,550,393 
Supplemental cash flow information:
Income taxes paid$12,863,429 $20,879,724 $26,401,643 
Supplemental disclosure of non-cash transactions:
Common stock issued as incentive compensation— $487,870 $529,806 
Charitable donation of corporate investments— — $366,555 
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.
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Diamond Hill Investment Group, Inc.
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements

Note 1 Business and Organization
Diamond Hill Investment Group, Inc. (the “Company”), an Ohio corporation,DHIL derives its consolidated revenues and net income from investment advisory and fund administration services.
Diamond Hill Capital Management, Inc. ("DHCM"), an Ohio corporation,services provided by DHCM. DHCM is a wholly owned subsidiary of the Company and a
registered investment adviser. DHCM is the investment adviser to the Diamond Hill Funds (the "Funds"), a series of open-end
mutual funds. DHCM is alsoand administrator for the Funds. The CompanyDHCM also provides investment advisory services to
DHMF, a private fund, separately managed accounts, CITs, other pooled vehicles including sub-advised funds, and provides sub-advisory services to other mutual funds.model delivery programs.
Note 2 Significant Accounting Policies
Basis of Presentation
The accompanying Consolidated Financial Statementsconsolidated financial statements of the Company have been prepared pursuant to the rules and regulations of the SEC and in accordance with the instructions to Form 10-K. The Company believes that the disclosures contained herein are adequate to make the information presented not misleading.
These Consolidated Financial Statementsconsolidated financial statements reflect, in the opinion of the Company, all material adjustments (which include only normal recurring adjustments) necessary to fairly present the Company’s financial position as of December 31, 20202023 and 2019,2022, and results of operations for the years ended December 31, 2020, 20192023, 2022 and 2018.
For further information regarding the risks to our business, refer to the consolidated financial statements and notes thereto
included in “Part I – Item 1A. – Risk Factors” of this Annual Report on Form 10-K.2021.
Use of Estimates
The preparation of the Consolidated Financial Statementsconsolidated financial statements requires management to make estimates and judgments that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities atas of the date of the financial statements as well as the reported amounts of revenue and expense during the reporting period. Estimates have been prepared based on the most current and best available information, but actual results could differ materially from those estimates.
Reclassification
Certain prior period amounts and disclosures may have been reclassified to conform to the current period’s financial presentation.
Book Value Per Share
Book value per share is computed by dividing total shareholders’ equity by the number of shares issued and outstanding at the end of the measurement period.
Principles of Consolidation
The accompanying consolidated financial statements include the operations of the CompanyDHIL and its controlledconsolidated subsidiaries. All inter-company transactions and balances have been eliminated in consolidation.
The CompanyDHCM holds certain investments in the Funds and previously held an investment in an exchange traded fund (the “ETF”),DHMF for general corporate investment purposes, to provide seed capital for newly formed strategies, or to add capital to existing strategies. The Funds are organized in a series fund structure in which there are multiple mutual funds within one Trust.trust (the “Trust”). The Trust is an open-end investment company registered under the Investment Company Act of 1940, Act. The ETF was anas amended (the “1940 Act”). Each individual series of ETF Series Solutions, which was also an open-end investment company registered under the 1940 Act. The ETF liquidated and its assets were distributed to its shareholders on April 5, 2019. Each of the individual mutual fundsFund represents (and the ETF represented) a separate share class of a legal entity organized under the Trust. DHMF is organized as a Delaware limited partnership and is exempt from registration under the 1940 Act.
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TableDHIL consolidates those subsidiaries and investments over which it has a controlling interest. The Company is generally deemed to have a controlling interest when it owns the majority of Contents
the voting interest of a voting rights entity (“VRE”) or is deemed to be the primary beneficiary of a variable interest entity (“VIE”). A VIE is an entity that lacks sufficient equity to finance its activities, or any entity whose equity holders do not have defined power to direct the activities of the entity normally associated with an equity investment. The Company’s analysis to determine whether an entity is a VIE or a VRE involves judgment and consideration of several factors, including an entity’s legal organization, equity structure, the rights of the investment holders, the Company’s ownership interest in the entity, and the Company’s contractual involvement with the entity. The Company continually reviews and reconsiders its controlling interest, VIE or VRE conclusions upon the occurrence of certain events, such as changes to its ownership interest, or amendments to contract documents.
The Company performs its consolidation analysis at the individual mutual fund and ETFFund level and has concluded that the mutual fundsFunds are and the ETF was, VREs because the structure of the investment productFunds is such that the shareholders are deemed to have the power through voting rights to direct the activities that most significantly impact the entity'seach Fund’s economic performance. To the extent material, these investment productsThe Funds are consolidated if CompanyDHIL ownership, directly or indirectly, represents a majority interest (greater than 50%). The Company records redeemable noncontrolling interests in consolidated investments for which the Company'sCompany’s ownership is less than 100%. TheAs of December 31, 2023, the Company has not consolidated any of the Funds. As of December 31, 2022, the Company consolidated the Diamond Hill International Fund. As of December 31, 2021, the Company consolidated the Diamond Hill International Fund and the Diamond Hill Global Fund (together, the "Consolidated Funds") as of December 31, 2020.Large Cap Concentrated Fund. The Company deconsolidated the ETF,Diamond Hill International Fund during the
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year ended December 31, 2023 and deconsolidated the Diamond Hill Core Bond Fund and the Diamond Hill High YieldLarge Cap Concentrated Fund during the year ended December 31, 20192022, as the Company'sCompany’s ownership declined to less than 50% during each of these years. The Company also deconsolidated the Diamond Hill Global Fund during the year ended December 31, 2021, as the Fund was liquidated on December 17, 2021. The Fund(s) consolidated during the applicable period are referred to as the “Consolidated Fund(s).
DHCM is the investment advisor of DHMF and is the managing member of Diamond Hill Fund GP, LLC (the “General Partner”), which is the general partner of DHMF. DHCM is wholly-owned by, and consolidated with, DHIL. Further, through its control of the General Partner, DHCM has the power to direct DHMF’s economic activities and the right to receive investment advisory fees from DHMF that may be significant. DHMF commenced operations on June 1, 2021, and its underlying assets consist primarily of marketable securities.
The Company concluded DHMF was a VIE given that: (i) DHCM has disproportionately less voting interest than economic interest, and (ii) DHMF’s limited partners have full power to remove the General Partner (which is controlled by DHCM, which is controlled by DHIL) due to the existence of substantive kick-out rights. In addition, substantially all of DHMF’s activities are conducted on behalf of the General Partner, which has disproportionately few voting rights. The Company concluded it is not the primary beneficiary of DHMF as it lacks the power to control DHMF, since DHMF’s limited partners have single-party kick-out rights and can unilaterally remove the General Partner without cause. DHCM’s investments in DHMF are reported as a component of the Company’s investment portfolio and valued at DHCM’s respective share of DHMF's net income or loss.

Gains and losses attributable to changes in the value of DHCM’s interests in DHMF are included in the Company’s reported investment income. The Company’s exposure to loss as a result of its involvement with DHMF is limited to the amount of its investment. DHCM is not obligated to provide, and has not provided, financial or other support to DHMF, except for its investments to date and its contractually provided investment advisory responsibilities. The Company has not provided liquidity arrangements, guarantees, or other commitments to support DHMF’s operations, and DHMF’s creditors and interest holders have no recourse to the general credit of the Company.
Redeemable Noncontrolling Interest
Redeemable noncontrolling interest represents third-party interests in the Consolidated Funds. This interest is redeemable at the option of the investors, and therefore, is not treated as permanent equity. Redeemable noncontrolling interest is recorded at redemption value, which approximates the fair value each reporting period.
Segment Information
Management has determined that the Company operates in 1a single business segment, which is providing investment managementadvisory and administrationrelated services to mutualclients through pooled vehicles, including the Funds and DHMF, separately managed accounts, CITs, other pooled vehicles including sub-advised funds, and separately managed accounts.model delivery programs. Therefore, the Company does not present disclosures relating to operating segments in annual or interim financial statements.
Cash and Cash Equivalents
Cash and cash equivalents include demand deposits and money market mutual funds held by DHCM. The Company considers all highly liquid temporary cash instruments with an original maturity of three months or less to be cash equivalents. The Company places its cash on deposit with U.S. financial institutions that are insured by the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation (“FDIC”) up to $250,000. The Company’s credit risk in the event of failure of these financial institutions is represented by the difference between the FDIC limit and the total amount on deposit. Management monitors the financial institutions’ creditworthiness in conjunction with balances on deposit to minimize risk. The Company from time to time may have amounts on deposit in excess of the insured limits. As of December 31, 2023, the Company had $2.8 million and $44.2 million in demand deposits and money market mutual funds, respectively. As of December 31, 2022, the Company had $2.8 million and $60.4 million in demand deposits and money market mutual funds, respectively.
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Accounts Receivable
The Company records accounts receivable when they are due and presents them on the balance sheet net of any allowance for doubtful accounts. Accounts receivable are written off when they are determined to be uncollectible. Any allowance for doubtful accounts is estimated based on the Company’s historical losses, existing conditions in the industry, and the financial stability of the individual or entity that owes the receivable. No allowance for doubtful accounts was deemed necessary at either December 31, 20202023 or 2019.2022. Accounts receivable from the Funds were $10.5$9.1 million and $10.7$9.3 million as of December 31, 20202023 and 2019,2022, respectively.
Investments
The Company’s managementManagement determines the appropriate classification of itsthe Company’s investments at the time of purchase and re-evaluates its determination atfor each reporting period.
Investments in the Funds that DHCM advisesCompany sponsored investments, where the Company has neither the control nor the ability to exercise significant influence, as well as securities held in the Consolidated Funds, are measured at fair value based on quoted market prices. Unrealized gains and losses are recorded as investment income (loss) in the Company's consolidated statements of income.

Investments classified as equity method investments represent investments in which the Company owns between 20-50%20% to 50% of the outstanding voting interests in the entity or whenwhere it is determined that the Company is able to exercise significant influence but not control over the investments. When using the equity method, the Company recognizes its respective share of the investee’s net income or loss for the period, which is recorded as investment income (loss) in the Company’s consolidated statements of income.
Property and Equipment
Property and equipment, consisting of leasehold improvements, right-of-use lease assets, computer equipment, capitalized software, furniture, and fixtures are carried at cost less accumulated depreciation. Accumulated depreciation was $7.4$10.2 million and $6.4$8.9 million as of December 31, 20202023 and 2019,2022, respectively. Depreciation is calculated using the straight-line method over the estimated lives of the assets.
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TableImplementation costs incurred to develop or obtain internal-use software, including hosting arrangements, are capitalized and expensed on a straight-line basis over either the estimated useful life of Contentsthe respective software or the term of the hosting arrangement.
Property and equipment is tested for impairment when there is an indication that the carrying amount of an asset may not be recoverable. When an asset is determined to not be recoverable, the impairment loss is measured based on the excess, if any, of the carrying value of the asset over its fair value.
Revenue Recognition – General
The Company recognizes revenue when itDHCM satisfies performance obligations under the terms of a contract with a client. The Company earns substantially all of its revenue from DHCM investment advisory and fund administration contracts. Investment advisory and fund administration fees, generally calculated as a percentage of AUM, are recorded as revenue as services are performed. In addition to fixed fees based on a percentage of AUM, certain client accounts also provide periodic performance-based fees.
Revenue from contracts with clients that was earned forduring the years ended December 31, 2020, 20192023, 2022 and 2018 under contracts with clients2021 include:
Year Ended December 31, 2020
Investment advisoryMutual fund
administration, net
Total revenue
Proprietary funds$88,103,499 $7,262,488 $95,365,987 
Sub-advised funds and separately managed accounts31,021,731 31,021,731 
$119,125,230 $7,262,488 $126,387,718 
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Year Ended December 31, 2023
Investment advisoryMutual fund
administration, net
Total revenue
Diamond Hill Funds$84,810,452 $7,536,871 $92,347,323 
Separately managed accounts, excluding performance-based fees24,898,695 — 24,898,695 
Performance-based fees1,176,351 — 1,176,351 
Other pooled vehicles9,261,533 — 9,261,533 
Model delivery5,211,113 — 5,211,113 
Collective investment trusts3,821,356 — 3,821,356 
$129,179,500 $7,536,871 $136,716,371 
Year Ended December 31, 2019
Investment advisoryMutual fund
administration, net
Total revenue
Proprietary funds$97,327,310 $8,614,971 $105,942,281 
Sub-advised funds and separately managed accounts30,682,099 30,682,099 
$128,009,409 $8,614,971 $136,624,380 
Year Ended December 31, 2022
Investment advisoryMutual fund
administration, net
Total revenue
Diamond Hill Funds$98,873,571 $10,170,502 $109,044,073 
Separately managed accounts, excluding performance-based fees26,200,724 — 26,200,724 
Performance-based fees1,500,225 — 1,500,225 
Other pooled vehicles9,410,541 — 9,410,541 
Model delivery5,910,061 — 5,910,061 
Collective investment trusts2,430,395 — 2,430,395 
$144,325,517 $10,170,502 $154,496,019 

Year Ended December 31, 2018
Investment advisoryMutual fund
administration, net
Total revenue
Proprietary funds$105,228,977 $10,309,943 $115,538,920 
Sub-advised funds and separately managed accounts30,088,828 30,088,828 
$135,317,805 $10,309,943 $145,627,748 
Year Ended December 31, 2021
Investment advisoryMutual fund
administration, net
Total revenue
Diamond Hill Funds$113,602,317 $12,056,228 $125,658,545 
Separately managed accounts, excluding performance-based fees27,882,488 — 27,882,488 
Performance-based fees11,860,051 — 11,860,051 
Other pooled vehicles10,166,928 — 10,166,928 
Model delivery4,977,234 — 4,977,234 
Collective investment trusts1,648,591 — 1,648,591 
$170,137,609 $12,056,228 $182,193,837 
Revenue Recognition – Investment Advisory Fees
The Company’sDHCM’s investment advisory contracts with clients have a single performance obligation (the investment advisory services provided tobecause the client) as the promisedcontracted services are not separately identifiable from other promisesobligations in the contracts, and therefore, are not distinct. All performance obligations to provide investment advisory services are satisfied over time and the Company recognizes revenue as time passes.by DHCM.
The fees the CompanyDHCM receives for its services under its investment advisory contracts are based on our AUM, which changes based on the value of securities held under each investment advisory contract. These fees are thereby constrained and represent variable consideration, and they are excluded from revenue until the AUM on which the Company’sDHCM’s client is billed is no longer subject to market fluctuations.
The CompanyDHCM also provides services to model delivery programs in which the Company provides its strategy model portfolioportfolios and related services to the sponsorsponsors of the model delivery. The Companydelivery programs. For its services, DHCM is paid a portion of the model delivery fee for its services by the program sponsor at a pre-determined rate based on assetsthe amount of AUA in the program. Model delivery program revenues were $2.7 million, $2.0 million and $1.5 million for the years ended December 31, 2020, 2019 and 2018, respectively. Model delivery program revenue is included in investment advisory fees in the consolidated statements of income.
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Revenue Recognition – Performance-Based Fees
The CompanyDHCM manages certain client accounts that provide forpay performance-based fees. These fees are calculated based on client investment results over rolling five-year periods. The Company records performance-based fees at the endwhen it is probable that a significant reversal of the contract measurement period because the performance-based fees earned are constrained based on movements in the financial markets.revenue will not occur. During the years ended December 31, 2020, 2019,2023, 2022, and 2018,2021, the Company recorded $0.5$1.2 million, $1.3$1.5 million, and $1.4$11.9 million, respectively, in performance-based fees. The table below showsCompany recorded $11.9 million of performance-based fees during the year ended December 31, 2021, as a significant performance-based agreement reached the end of its first five-year measurement period on September 30, 2021. After the initial five-year contract measurement term, the performance-based fee is calculated annually based on the client investment results over the recently completed five-year period. The Company’s next performance measurement period will be the twelve months ending September 30, 2024. AUM subject to performance-based fees and the amount of performance-based fees that would be recognized based upon investment resultswas approximately $518.9 million as of December 31, 2020:
As of December 31, 2020
AUM subject to performance-based feesUnearned performance-based fees
Contractual Period Ending:
Quarter Ending September 30, 2021$339,721,553 $9,228,080 
Quarter Ending December 31, 202160,887,198 
Total$400,608,751 $9,228,080 
The contractual end dates highlight the time remaining until the performance-based fees are scheduled to be earned. The amount of performance-based fees that would be recognized based upon investments results as of December 31, 2020, will increase or decrease based on future client investment results through the contractual period end. The Company cannot assure that it will earn the unearned amounts set forth above.2023.
Revenue Recognition – Mutual Fund Administration
DHCM has an administrative and transfer agency services agreement with the Funds under which DHCM performs certain services for each Fund. These services include performance obligations such as mutual fund administration, fund accounting, transfer agency, and other related functions. These services are performed concurrently under DHCM'sDHCM’s agreement with the Funds, all performance obligations to provide these administrative services are satisfied over time, and the Company recognizes the related revenue as time progresses. Each Fund pays DHCM a fee for performing these services, which is calculated using an annual rate timesmultiplied by the average daily net assets of each respective Fund share class. These fees are thereby constrained and represent variable consideration, and they are excluded from revenue until the AUM on which DHCM bills the Funds is no longer subject to market fluctuations.
The Funds have selected and contractually engaged certain vendors to fulfill various services to benefit the Funds’ shareholders or to satisfy regulatory requirements of the Funds. These services include, among others, required shareholder mailings, federal and state registrations, and legal and audit services. DHCM, inIn fulfilling a portion of its role under the administration and transfer agency services agreement with the Funds, DHCM acts as agent and pays for these services on behalf of the Funds. Each vendor is independently responsible for fulfillment of the services it has been engaged to provide and negotiates its fees and terms directly with the Funds’ management and board of trustees of the Funds.trustees. Each year, the Funds'Funds’ board of trustees reviews the fee that each Fund pays to DHCM, and specifically considers the contractual expenses that DHCM pays on behalf of the Funds. As a result, DHCM is not involved in the delivery or pricing of these services, and bears no risk related to these services. Revenue has been recorded net of these Fund-related expenses. In addition, DHCM advances the upfront commissions that are paid to brokers who sell Class C shares of the Funds. These advances are capitalized and amortized over 12 months to correspond with the repayments DHCM receives from the principal underwriter to recoup this commission advancement.
Mutual fund administration gross and net revenue are summarized below:
 Year Ended December 31,
 202020192018
Mutual fund administration:
Administration revenue, gross$22,296,535 $22,569,946 $24,463,538 
Fund related expense(15,048,850)(13,989,139)(14,183,370)
Revenue, net of related expenses7,247,685 8,580,807 10,280,168 
DHCM C-Share financing:
Broker commission advance repayments245,594 240,459 332,680 
Broker commission amortization(230,791)(206,295)(302,905)
Financing activity, net14,803 34,164 29,775 
Mutual fund administration revenue, net$7,262,488 $8,614,971 $10,309,943 
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 Year Ended December 31,
 202320222021
Mutual fund administration:
Administration revenue, gross$21,597,721 $25,188,386 $29,635,451 
Fund related expense(14,060,850)(15,017,884)(17,579,223)
Mutual fund administration revenue, net$7,536,871 $10,170,502 $12,056,228 
Income Taxes
The Company accounts for current and deferred income taxes through an asset and liability approach. Deferred tax assets are recognized for deductible temporary differences, and deferred tax liabilities are recognized for taxable temporary differences. Deferred tax assets are reduced by a valuation allowance when it is more likely than not that some portion or all of the deferred tax assets will not be realized. Deferred tax assets and liabilities are adjusted for the effects of changes in tax laws and rates on the date of enactment.
The Company is subject to examination by federal and applicable state and local jurisdictions for various tax periods. The Company’s income tax positions are based on research and interpretations of the income tax laws and rulings in each of the jurisdictions in which it does business. Due to the subjectivity of interpretations of laws and rulings in each jurisdiction, the differences and interplay in tax laws among those jurisdictions, and the inherent uncertainty in estimating the final resolution of complex tax audit matters, the Company’s estimates of income tax liabilities may differ materially from actual payments or assessments. The Company regularly assesses its positions with regard to tax exposures and records liabilities for these uncertain tax positions and related interest and penalties, if any, according to the principles of FASB ASCFinancial Accounting Standards
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Board (“FASB”) Accounting Standards Codification (“ASC”) 740, Income Taxes.Taxes. The Company records interest and penalties within income tax expense on the income statement. See Note 9.
Earnings Per Share
Basic and diluted earnings per share (“EPS”) excludes dilution and isare computed by dividing net income attributable to common shareholders by the
weighted average number of DHIL common shares outstanding for the period, which includes unvested restricted shares. Diluted EPS reflects the dilutive effect of
outstanding and unvested restricted stock units, if any. See Note 10.10.
Recently Adopted Accounting Guidance
The Company did not adopt any new accounting guidance during the year ended December 31, 2023 that had a material effect on its financial position or results of operations.
Newly Issued But Not Yet Adopted Accounting Guidance

In August 2018,December 2023, the FASB issued Accounting Standards Update ("ASU"(“ASU”) No. 2018-13, “Fair Value Measurements.2023-09, “Improvements to Income Tax Disclosures.” This update makesrequires certain revisions to existing disclosure requirements for fair value measurement.income tax disclosures, primarily disclosures related to rate reconciliation and income taxes paid. ASU No. 2018-13 does not change fair value measurements already required or permitted by existing standards. ASU No. 2018-132023-09 is effective for financial statements issued for fiscal yearsannual periods beginning after December 15, 2019, and interim periods within those fiscal years.2024. The Company adopted this guidance on January 1, 2020, without anydoes not believe that adoption of ASU 2023-09 will materially impact on the Company’s consolidatedits financial statements.
In August 2018, FASB issued ASU No. 2018-15 “Intangibles - Goodwill and Other - Internal-Use Software (Subtopic 350-40): Customer’s Accounting for Implementation Costs Incurred in a Cloud Computing Arrangement That Is a Service Contract.” This update required implementation costs incurred in cloud computing arrangements to be deferred and recognized over the term of the hosting arrangement. A hosting arrangement is an agreement that allows customers to access and use software on an as-needed basis without having possession of the software. Beginning on January 1, 2020, the Company was required to defer such qualifying implementation costs. As of December 31, 2020, the Company capitalized an immaterial amount of implementation costs incurred in a cloud computing arrangement. The Company adopted this guidance on January 1, 2020 using the prospective method of adoption. Accordingly, the adoption of this guidance did not have a material impact on the Company’s consolidated financial statements.
Note 3 Investments
The following table summarizes the carrying value of the Company'sCompany’s investments as of December 31, 20202023 and 2019:2022:

As of December 31,
20202019
Fair value investments:
Securities held in Consolidated Funds(a)
$33,233,307 $36,248,360 
Company-sponsored investments95,167,829 42,039,044 
Company-sponsored equity method investments61,149,774 
Total Investments$128,401,136 $139,437,178 

As of December 31,
20232022
Fair value investments:
Securities held in Consolidated Funds(a)
— $54,740,993 
Company-sponsored investments$63,208,573 66,828,910 
  Company-sponsored equity method investments84,530,289 24,105,808 
Total Investments$147,738,862 $145,675,711 
(a) Of the securities held in the Consolidated Funds as of December 31, 2020, the Company2022, DHCM directly held $23.6$37.5 million and non-controlling shareholders held $9.6$17.2 million. Of
As of December 31, 2023, the securitiesCompany did not consolidate any of the Funds. As of December 31, 2022, the Company consolidated the Diamond Hill International Fund. The Company deconsolidated the Diamond Hill International Fund during the year ended December 31, 2023, as the Company’s ownership declined to less than 50%.
The components of net investment income (loss) are as follows:
For the Year Ended December 31,
202320222021
Realized gains (losses)$39,096 $(118,408)$15,676,405 
Change in unrealized15,690,012 (24,082,672)(2,352,649)
Dividends7,517,393 4,193,792 3,221,448 
Other loss(175,060)(179,223)(163,988)
Investment income (loss), net$23,071,441 $(20,186,511)$16,381,216 
Company-Sponsored Equity Method Investments
As of December 31, 2023, the Company’s equity method investments consisted of DHMF, the Diamond Hill International Fund, and the Diamond Hill Large Cap Concentrated Fund. The Company’s ownership percentage in each of these investments was 85%, 49%, and 47%, respectively. The Company’s ownership in DHMF, the Diamond Hill International Fund, and the Diamond Hill Large Cap Concentrated Fund includes $6.9 million of investments held in the Consolidated Funds as of December 31, 2019, the Company directly held $21.1 million and non-controlling shareholders held $15.1 million.Deferred Compensation Plans (as defined in Note 7).
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As of December 31, 2020, securities held by the Company in the Consolidated Funds consisted of the Diamond Hill Global Fund and the Diamond Hill International Fund as our ownership percentage in these investments was greater than 50%.
As of December 31, 2019, securities held in the Consolidated Funds consisted of the Diamond Hill Global Fund and the Diamond Hill International Fund as our ownership percentage in these investments was greater than 50%. During the year ended December 31, 2019, the Company began consolidating the Diamond Hill International Fund as ownership increased above 50% and de-consolidated the ETF, the Diamond Hill Core Bond Fund and the Diamond Hill High Yield Fund as our ownership in each declined to less than 50%.

The components of net investment income (loss) are as follows:
For the Year Ended December 31,
202020192018
Realized gains (losses)$(1,488,059)$9,056,152 $2,143,695 
Unrealized gains (losses)5,348,243 15,086,747 (16,067,048)
Dividend income2,824,542 5,350,146 2,814,026 
Interest income987,240 4,857,261 
Other investment income (loss)(99,877)27,090 (20,612)
Investment income (loss), net$6,584,849 $30,507,375 $(6,272,678)
Company-Sponsored Equity Method Investments
As of December 31, 2020, the Company had no equity method investments. During 2020, there were periods of time when the Company’s ownership in the Diamond Hill Research Opportunities Fund1 and the Diamond Hill Core Bond Fund was between 20% and 50%, respectively, and thus, a portion of these Funds’ income is included in the table below for the year ended December 31, 2020.
As of December 31, 2019,2022, the Company’s equity method investments consisted of the Diamond Hill Research Opportunities FundDHMF and the Diamond Hill Core BondLarge Cap Concentrated Fund, and the Company’s ownership percentage in each of these investments was 23%85% and 36%48%, respectively. During 2019, there were periods of time where theThe Company’s ownership in DHMF and the Diamond Hill High YieldLarge Cap Concentrated Fund was between 20% and 50%, respectively, and thus, a portionincludes $3.8 million of that Fund’s income is included ininvestments from the table below for the year endedDeferred Compensation Plans.
As of December 31, 2019. During 2019, there were periods of time where2021, the Company’s ownership in the Diamond Hill Core Bond Fund was greater than 50%, and thus, a portion of that Fund’s income is excluded from the table below for the year ended December 31, 2019.
For the year ended December 31, 2018, the Company’sonly equity method investments consisted of the Diamond Hill Research Opportunities Fund, and theinvestment was DHMF, which commenced operations on June 1, 2021. The Company’s ownership percentage in this investment was 28%DHMF as of December 31, 2018, and thus, that Fund’s income is included in the table below.2022 was 87%.
The Company’s equity method investments consist of cash, marketable equity securities, and fixed income securities. The following table includes the condensed summary financial information from the Company’s equity method investments as of December 31, 20202023 and 2019,2022, and for the years ended December 31, 2020, 2019,2023, 2022, and 2018:2021:
As of December 31,
20232022
Total assets$162,145,182 $38,828,388 
Total liabilities4,551,099 278,675 
Net assets157,594,083 38,549,713 
DHCM’s portion of net assets$84,530,289 $24,105,808 
For the Year Ended December 31,
202320222021
Investment income$1,349,183 $413,528 $106,440 
Expenses460,670 134,478 37,820 
Net realized gains311,950 378,476 — 
Change in unrealized15,879,847 (402,230)977,920 
Net income17,080,310 255,296 1,046,540 
DHCM’s portion of net income (loss)$9,728,056 $(405,393)$914,855 
The Company’s investments at December 31, 2023 and 2022 include its interest in DHMF, an unconsolidated VIE, as the Company is not deemed the primary beneficiary. The Company’s maximum risk of loss related to its involvement with DHMF is limited to the carrying value of its investment which was $17.7 million and $13.1 million as of December 31, 2023 and 2022, respectively.
1In October 2020, the Diamond Hill Research Opportunities Fund merged into the Diamond Hill Long-Short Fund.
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As of December 31,
20202019
Total assets$$237,073,628 
Total liabilities38,453,935 
Net assets198,619,693 
DHCM’s portion of net assets$$61,149,774 
For the Year Ended December 31,
202020192018
Investment income$4,246,021 $5,346,588 $1,154,007 
Expenses1,114,278 1,551,291 978,322 
Net realized gains (losses)(1,577,639)6,390,727 1,918,661 
Net change in unrealized appreciation (depreciation)2,289,667 14,805,837 (10,229,319)
Net income (loss)3,843,771 24,991,861 (8,134,973)
DHCM’s portion of net income (loss)$1,807,279 $8,301,571 $(2,400,467)

Note 4 Fair Value Measurements
The Company determines the fair value of ourits cash equivalents and certain investments using the following broad levels listed below:
Level 1 - Unadjusted quoted prices for identical instruments in active markets.
Level 2 - Quoted prices for similar instruments in active markets, quoted prices for identical or similar instruments in markets that are not active, and model-driven valuations in which all significant inputs are observable.
Level 3 - Valuations derived from techniques in which significant inputs are unobservable. We doThe Company does not value any investments using Level 3 inputs.
These levels are not necessarily an indication of the risk or liquidity associated with investments.
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The following table summarizes investments that are recognized in ourthe Company’s consolidated balance sheet using fair value measurements (excludes investments classified as equity method investments) determined based upon the differing levels as of December 31, 20202023 and 2019:2022:

December 31, 2020Level 1Level 2Level 3Total
December 31, 2023December 31, 2023Level 1Level 2Level 3Total
Cash equivalents
Fair value investments
Company-sponsored investments
Company-sponsored investments
Company-sponsored investments
December 31, 2022
December 31, 2022
December 31, 2022
Cash equivalents
Cash equivalents
Cash equivalentsCash equivalents$94,698,816 $$$94,698,816 
Fair value investmentsFair value investments
Securities held in Consolidated Funds(a)
Securities held in Consolidated Funds(a)
17,641,668 15,591,639 33,233,307 
Company-sponsored investments95,167,829 95,167,829 
December 31, 2019
Cash equivalents90,144,943 90,144,943 
Fair value investments
Securities held in Consolidated Funds(a)
Securities held in Consolidated Funds(a)
Securities held in Consolidated Funds(a)
19,238,197 17,010,163 36,248,360 
Company-sponsored investments Company-sponsored investments$42,039,044 $$$42,039,044 
(a) Of the securities held in the Consolidated Funds as of December 31, 2020,2022, the Company directly held $23.6$37.5 million and non-controlling shareholders held $9.6$17.2 million. Of the securities held in the Consolidated Funds as of December 31, 2019, the Company directly held $21.1 million and non-controlling shareholders held $15.1 million.
The Company determines transfers between fair value hierarchy levels at the end of the reporting period. There were no transfers in or out of the levels during any of the years ended December 31, 2020, 2019, and 2018.
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Changes to fair values of the investments are recorded in the Company’s consolidated statements of income as investment income (loss), net.
Note 5 Line of Credit
The Company has a committed Line of Credit Agreement (the "Credit Agreement"“Credit Agreement”) with a commercial bank that matures on December 24, 2021,12, 2024, which permits the Company to borrow up to $25.0 million. Borrowings under the Credit Agreement bear interest at a rate equal to LIBORthe Secured Overnight Financing Rate plus 1.00%1.10%. The Company pays a commitment fee on the unused portion of the facility, accruing at a rate per annum of 0.10%.
The Company did 0t borrow under the Credit Agreement as of and for the period ended December 31, 2020.
The proceeds of the Credit Agreement may be used by the Company and its subsidiaries for ongoing working capital needs, to seed new and existing investment strategies, and for other general corporate purposes. The Credit Agreement contains customary representations, warranties, and covenants.
The Company did not borrow under the Credit Agreement during the year ended December 31, 2023, and no borrowings were outstanding as of December 31, 2023.
Note 6 Capital Stock
Common Shares
The CompanyDHIL has only one class of securities outstanding, common shares, no par value per share.
Authorization of Preferred Shares
The Company’sDHIL’s Amended and Restated Articles of Incorporation authorize the issuance of 1,000,000 “blank check” preferred shares with such designations, rights, and preferences as may be determined from time to time by the Company’s board of directors.Board. The Company’s board of directorsBoard is authorized, without shareholder approval, to issue preferred shares with dividend, liquidation, conversion, voting, or other rights, which could adversely affect the voting or other rights of the holders of the common shares. There were no preferred shares issued or outstanding as of either December 31, 20202023, or 2019.2022.
Note 7 Compensation Plans
Share-Based Payment Transactions
The Company maintains the shareholder-approved Diamond Hill Investment Group, Inc. 2022 Equity and Cash Incentive Plan
The Company’s equity and incentive plan (the “Plan”“2022 Plan”) is intended to facilitate the Company’s ability to attract and retain staff, provide additional incentive to employees and directors, and promote the success of the Company’s business. The Plan, which authorizes the issuance of 600,000300,000 common shares of the CompanyDHIL in various forms of equity awards. The Plan also authorizes cash incentive awards. As of December 31, 2020,2023, there were 222,657234,952 common shares available for grants under the 2022 Plan. Previously, the Company issued equity awards under the Plan. TheDiamond Hill Investment Group, Inc. 2014 Equity and Cash Incentive Plan provides that the Company’s board(the “2014 Plan”).
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Table of directors, or a committee appointed by the Board, may grant awards and otherwise administer the Plan.Contents
Share-Based Payment Transactions
The Company has issued restricted stock awardsThere are no longer any DHIL common shares available for issuance under the Plan. Restricted stock awards issued2014 Plan, although certain grants previously made under the 2014 Plan which vest over time, are recorded as deferred compensation in the equity section of the balance sheet on the grant dateremain issued and then recognized as compensation expense based on the grant date price over the vesting period of the respective grant. outstanding.

Restricted stock grants represent common shares issued underand outstanding upon grant subject to vesting restrictions. The Company issues restricted stock grants that cliff vest after five years to all new Company employees upon hire and additional awards annually to key Company employees in the Planform of three-year graded vesting stock grants.

Restricted stock grants represent DHIL common shares issued and outstanding upon grant that remain subject to restrictions until specified vesting conditions are recorded assatisfied. The Company issues to all new Company employees upon hire restricted stock grants that cliff vest after five years.After the end of each year, the Company also issues to certain key employees restricted stock grants that vest ratably on an annual basis over three years.

Compensation and related costs, excluding deferred compensation expense based on(benefit) includes expenses related to restricted stock grants of $11.6 million, $10.5 million, and $7.2 million, for the grant date price. years ended December 31, 2023, 2022, and 2021, respectively.
The following table represents a roll-forward of outstanding restricted stock and related activity duringfor the year ended December 31, 2020:2023:
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SharesWeighted-Average
Grant Date Price
per Share
Outstanding Restricted Stock as of December 31, 2019227,844 $175.49 
SharesSharesWeighted-Average
Grant Date Price
per Share
Outstanding Restricted Stock as of December 31, 2022
Grants issuedGrants issued22,099 115.32 
Grants vestedGrants vested(50,600)160.79 
Grants forfeitedGrants forfeited(15,625)185.90 
Outstanding Restricted Stock as of December 31, 2020183,718 $173.80 
Outstanding Restricted Stock as of December 31, 2023
The weighted-average grant date price per share of Restricted Stockrestricted stock issued during the years ended December 31, 20192022 and 20182021 was $146.59$176.46 and $195.00,$158.92, respectively. The total fair value of Restricted Stockrestricted stock vested, as of their respective vesting dates, during the years ended December 31, 2020, 2019,2023, 2022, and 20182021 was $5.2$13.8 million, $3.3$9.1 million, and $5.8$5.2 million, respectively.
Total deferred equity compensation related to unvested Restricted Stockrestricted stock grants was $14.7$15.4 million as of December 31, 2020. Compensation expense related to restricted stock is calculated based upon the fair market value of the common shares on the applicable grant date. The Company’s policy is to adjust compensation expense for forfeitures as they occur.2023. The recognition of compensation expense related to deferred compensation over the remaining vesting periods is as follows:
20212022202320242025ThereafterTotal
202420242025202620272028ThereafterTotal
$5,332,145 $4,375,573 $2,406,727 $1,308,272 $535,508 $789,893 $14,748,118 
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Employee Stock Purchase Plan
Under the ESPP, eligible employees may purchase DHIL common shares at 85% of the fair market value on the last day of each offering period. Each offering period is approximately three months, which coincides with the Company’s fiscal quarters. During the year ended December 31, 2023, ESPP participants purchased 2,904 DHIL common shares for $0.4 million and the Company recorded $0.1 million of share-based payment expense related to these purchases. During the year ended December 31, 2022, ESPP participants purchased 3,392 DHIL common shares for $0.5 million and the Company recorded $0.1 million of share-based payment expense related to these purchases.
As of December 31, 2023, 89,426 DHIL common shares were reserved for future issuance through the ESPP.
Share Grant Transactions
The following table represents DHIL common shares issued as part of the Company’s incentive compensation program during the years ended December 31, 2020, 2019,2023, 2022, and 2018:2021:
Shares IssuedGrant Date Value
December 31, 202023,640 $3,396,359 
December 31, 201924,048 3,655,296 
December 31, 201820,153 $4,109,197 
Shares IssuedGrant Date Value
December 31, 2023— — 
December 31, 20222,743 $487,870 
December 31, 20213,681 $529,806 
401(k) Plan
The Company sponsors a 401(k) plan in which all Company employees are eligible to participate. EmployeesCompany employees may contribute a portion of their compensation subject to certain limits based on federal tax laws. Effective April 1, 2018, theThe Company increased its matchingmatches employee contributions of common shares of the Company with a value equal to 250 percent250.0% of the first 6 percent6.0% of an employee’s compensation contributed to the plan. Prior to April 1, 2018,The Company may settle the Company made401(k) plan matching contributions ofin cash or common shares of the Company. After June 1, 2023, the Company with a value equal to 200 percent of the first 6 percent of an employee’s compensation contribution to the plan.made all matching contributions in cash. Employees become fully vestedvest ratably in the matching contributions after six plan years of employment.over a five year period. The following table summarizes the Company’s expenses attributable to the 401(k) plan during the years ended December 31, 2020, 20192023, 2022 and 2018:2021:
Shares IssuedCompany Contribution
December 31, 202020,976 $2,511,746 
December 31, 201917,651 2,496,936 
December 31, 201811,967 $2,231,735 
Shares IssuedShare ContributionsCash ContributionsTotal Company Contributions
December 31, 202399 $16,344 $3,067,630 $3,083,974 
December 31, 2022211 37,313 2,910,156 2,947,469 
December 31, 2021506 $87,667 $2,779,641 $2,867,308 
Deferred Compensation Plans
The Company offers two deferred compensation plans: the Diamond Hill Fixed Term Deferred Compensation Plan and the Diamond Hill Variable Term Deferred Compensation Plan (together, the “Deferred Comp Plans”). Under the Deferred CompCompensation Plans, participants may elect to voluntarily defer, for a minimum of five years (subject to an earlier distribution in the case of the participant’s death or disability or a change in control of DHIL), certain incentive compensation whichthat the Company then contributesmay contribute into the Deferred CompCompensation Plans. Each participant isParticipants are responsible for designating investment options for the assets they contribute, and the distribution paid to each participant reflects any gains or losses on the assets realized in connection with the Deferred Compensation Plans. Assets held in the Deferred CompCompensation Plans are included in the Company’s investment portfolio, and the associated obligation to participants is included in deferred compensation liability. The gain (loss) on investments in the Deferred Comp Plans are recorded as deferred compensation expense (benefit) and are included in operating income. Deferred compensation expense is offset by an equal amount in investment income below net operating income on the consolidated
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statements of income statement, and thus has no impact on net income attributable to the Company. Deferred compensation liability was $33.2$36.1 million and $30.3$30.7 million as of December 31, 20202023 and 2019,2022, respectively.
Note 8 Operating Leases
The Company currently leases office space of approximately 37,829 square feet at 1one location.
As of December 31, 20202023 and December 31, 2019,2022, the carrying value of thethis right-of-use asset, which is included in property and equipment, was approximately $0.6 million and $1.1 million, respectively, net of depreciationdeferred rent on the consolidated balance sheets, was approximately $2.1 million and $2.5 million, respectively.sheets. As of December 31, 20202023 and December 31, 2019,2022, the carrying value of the lease liability was approximately $0.8 million and $1.4 million, respectively, which is included in accounts payable and accrued expenses on the consolidated balance sheets, was approximately $2.5 million and $3.1 million, respectively.sheets.
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The following table summarizes the total lease and the related operating expenses for the years ended December 31, 2020, 20192023, 2022 and 2018:2021:
For the year ended December 31,For the year ended December 31,For the year ended December 31,
202020192018
2023202320222021
$947,398 $971,203 $970,143 
Lease expense and the related operating expenses are recorded in general and administrative expenses on the consolidated statements of income.
The approximate future minimum lease payments under the operating lease are as follows:
Future Minimum Lease Payments by Year
Total20212022202320242025Thereafter
Future Minimum Lease Payments by Year
2024
2024
20242025ThereafterTotal
$2,652,760 $624,179 $624,179 $624,179 $624,179 $156,044 $
In addition to the above lease payments, the Company is also responsible for normal operating expenses of the property. These annual operating expenses were approximately $0.4 million in each of 2020, 2019,2023, 2022, and 2018.2021.
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Note 9 Income Taxes
The provision for income taxes consists of:
As of December 31, For the year ended December 31,
202020192018 202320222021
Current federal income tax provisionCurrent federal income tax provision$9,633,927 $13,952,230 $15,731,258 
Current state and local income tax provisionCurrent state and local income tax provision2,374,534 3,656,997 8,560,479 
Deferred income tax expense (benefit)Deferred income tax expense (benefit)1,949,407 1,079,247 (5,622,396)
Provision for income taxesProvision for income taxes$13,957,868 $18,688,474 $18,669,341 
A reconciliation of income tax expense atThe following table reconciles the statutory federal income tax rate to the Company’s effective income tax expense is as follows:
202020192018
Income tax computed at statutory rate$10,945,831 $16,472,987 $13,646,583 
Expense (benefit) attributable to redeemable noncontrolling interests(a)
104,035 (1,007,012)222,624 
State and local income taxes, net of federal benefit1,875,882 2,835,215 2,993,730 
Internal revenue code section 162 limitations632,705 625,009 400,060 
Change in uncertain state and local tax positions, net of federal benefit(47,197)2,982,337 
Revaluation adjustment of net deferred tax assets(b)
(917,288)
Excess tax deficit (benefit) on vesting of restricted stock612,930 (70,878)(667,697)
Income tax benefit from dividends paid on restricted stock(455,283)(431,192)(340,200)
Interest and penalties1,460 101,010 786,711 
Other240,308 210,532 (437,519)
Income tax expense$13,957,868 $18,688,474 $18,669,341 
rate:
202320222021
  Statutory U.S. federal income tax rate21.0 %21.0 %21.0 %
  State and local income taxes, net of federal benefit4.7 4.7 4.8 
  Internal revenue code section 162 limitations1.3 1.5 0.9 
  Excess tax deficit on vesting of restricted stock0.3 0.1 0.1 
  Income tax benefit from dividends paid on restricted stock(0.5)(0.9)(1.0)
  Other— (0.6)0.2 
Unconsolidated effective income tax rate26.8 %25.8 %26.0 %
  Impact attributable to redeemable noncontrolling interest (a)(0.4)1.8 (0.4)
Effective income tax rate26.4 %27.6 %25.6 %
(a) The provision for income taxes includes expense (benefit) attributable to the fact that the Company’s operations include the Consolidated Funds, which are not subject to federal income taxes. Accordingly, a portion of the Company’s earnings are not subject to corporate tax levels.
(b) The provision for income taxes for 2018 includes the remeasurement of our net deferred tax assets of $0.9 million due to additional state and local tax that the Company expects to pay in future tax periods.
Deferred income taxes and benefits arise from temporary differences between taxable income for financial statement and income tax return purposes. Net deferred tax assets consisted of the following as of December 31, 20202023 and 2019:2022:

20202019
202320232022
Stock-based compensationStock-based compensation$3,500,026 $4,571,430 
Accrued compensationAccrued compensation9,026,113 8,496,929 
Unrealized gains(3,145,177)(2,150,699)
Unrealized (gains) losses
Property and equipmentProperty and equipment(963,610)(553,265)
Other assets and liabilitiesOther assets and liabilities20,094 22,458 
Net deferred tax assetsNet deferred tax assets$8,437,446 $10,386,853 
The net temporary differences incurred to date will reverse in future periods as the Company generates taxable earnings. The Company believes it is more likely than not that the results of future operations will generate sufficient taxable income to realize the net deferred tax assets recorded. The Company records a valuation allowance when it is more likely than not that some portion or all of the deferred tax assets will not be realized. As of December 31, 2020, 02023, no valuation allowance was deemed necessary.
FASB ASC 740, Income Taxes, prescribes a recognition threshold and measurement attribute for the financial statement recognition and measurement of a tax position taken or expected to be taken in a tax return and also provides guidance on derecognition, classification, interest and penalties, accounting in interim periods, disclosure and transition.  The Company recognizes tax benefits related to positions taken, or expected to be taken, on its tax returns, only if the positions are "more-likely-than-not"“more-likely-than-not” sustainable. Once this threshold has been met, the Company’s measurement of its expected tax benefits is recognized in its financial statements.
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Table The Company did not record an accrual for tax-related uncertainties or unrecognized tax positions as of ContentsDecember 31, 2023 and 2022, respectively. The Company does not expect a change to the reserve for uncertain tax positions within the next twelve months that would have a material impact on the consolidated financial statements.
The Company and its subsidiaries file income tax returns with the Internal Revenue Service and the taxing authorities of various states.  Generally, the Company is subject to federal, state, and local examinations by tax authorities for the tax years ended December 31, 20162019 through 2020.  During 2020, the Company closed an examination by the California Franchise Tax Board for the Company’s 2015 and 2016 tax years. During 2019, the Company closed an examination with the New York State Department2023. 
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Table of Finance and Taxation for tax years 2014 through 2016. During 2018, the Company reassessed its New York City filing positions and filed a Voluntary Disclosure Agreement with the New York City Department of Finance.Contents
The amount of uncertain tax positions as of December 31, 2020, 2019, and 2018, respectively, which would impact the Company’s effective tax rate if recognized and a reconciliation of the beginning and ending amounts of uncertain tax positions is as follows:

202020192018
Uncertain tax positions, beginning of the year$$2,982,337 $
Gross addition for tax positions of the current year
Gross additions for tax positions of prior years2,982,337 
Reductions of tax positions of prior years for:
Lapses of applicable statutes of limitations— — — 
Settlements during the period(2,935,140)
Changes in judgment/excess reserve(47,197)
Uncertain tax positions, end of year$$$2,982,337 
In addition to the above uncertain tax positions, the Company recognized $0.1 million and $0.8 million of interest and penalties in the years ended December 31, 2019 and 2018, respectively. No interest and penalties for uncertain tax positions were recognized in the year ended December 31, 2020.
Note 10 Earnings Per Share
The Company’s common shares outstanding consist of all shares issued and outstanding, including unvested restricted shares.  Basic and diluted EPS are calculated under the two-class method.  Restricted stock units are considered dilutive. The following table sets forth the computation for basic and diluted EPS and reconciliation between basic and diluted shares outstanding:

Year Ended December 31, Year Ended December 31,
202020192018 202320222021
Net Income$38,165,138 $59,754,319 $46,314,388 
Net income
Less: Net loss (income) attributable to redeemable noncontrolling interestLess: Net loss (income) attributable to redeemable noncontrolling interest495,407 (4,795,295)1,061,441 
Net income attributable to common shareholdersNet income attributable to common shareholders$38,660,545 $54,959,024 $47,375,829 
Weighted average number of outstanding shares3,214,564 3,436,574 3,512,470 
Dilutive impact of restricted stock units67 2,058 
Weighted average number of outstanding shares - Basic
Weighted average number of outstanding shares - Basic
Weighted average number of outstanding shares - Basic
Weighted average number of outstanding shares - DilutedWeighted average number of outstanding shares - Diluted3,214,564 3,436,641 3,514,528 
Earnings per share attributable to common shareholdersEarnings per share attributable to common shareholders
Earnings per share attributable to common shareholders
Earnings per share attributable to common shareholders
Basic
Basic
BasicBasic$12.03 $15.99 $13.49 
DilutedDiluted$12.03 $15.99 $13.48 

Note 11 Commitments and Contingencies
The Company indemnifies its directors, officers, and certain employees for certain liabilities that may arise from the performance of their duties to the Company. From time to time, the Company isand its subsidiaries may be involved in legal matters relatingincidental to claims arising in the ordinary course ofits business. There are currently no such legal matters pending that the Company believes couldwill have a material adverse effect on its consolidated financial statements. However, litigation involves an element of uncertainty, and future developments could cause legal actions or claims to have a material adverse effect on our financial condition, results of operations, and liquidity.

Additionally, in the normal course of business, the Company enters into agreements that contain a variety of representations and
warranties and that provide general indemnification obligations. Certain agreements do not contain any limits on the Company’s liability and could involve future claims that may be made against the Company that have not yet occurred.
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Therefore, it is not possible to estimate the Company’s potential liability under these indemnities. Further, the Company maintains insurance policies that may provide full or partial coverage against certain of these liabilities.


Note 12 Sale of the High Yield-Focused Investment Advisory Contracts
DHCM entered into an asset purchase agreement dated February 2, 2021 (the “Purchase Agreement”) with Brandywine Global, a specialist investment manager of Franklin Resources, Inc. The transaction closed on July 30, 2021, at which time Brandywine Global acquired the High Yield-Focused Advisory Contracts. After the closing, the Corporate Credit Fund and the High Yield Fund were renamed as the BrandywineGLOBAL Corporate Credit Fund and the BrandywineGLOBAL High Yield Fund (the “High Yield-Focused Funds”).
DHCM determined the gain on this transaction in accordance with FASB ASC 610-20, Gains and Losses from the Derecognition of Nonfinancial Assets. DHCM received an initial cash payment at closing of $9.0 million, which was included in gain on sale of High Yield-Focused Advisory Contracts in the consolidated statements of income during the third quarter of 2021.
Under the terms of the Purchase Agreement, DHCM received an additional payment of $6.8 million based on the net revenue of the High Yield-Focused Funds on July 30, 2022, effectively closing the transaction. The additional payment was included in gain on sale of High Yield-Focused Advisory Contracts in the consolidated statements of income during the third quarter of 2022.
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Note 1213 Subsequent Events
Asset Purchase Agreement
DHCM entered into an asset purchase agreement dated February 2, 2021 (the “Agreement”) with Brandywine Global Investment Management, LLC (“Brandywine Global”), a specialist investment manager of Franklin Resources, Inc., pursuant to which Brandywine Global will acquire the businesses of Diamond Hill’s two high yield-focused mutual funds - the Corporate Credit Fund and the High Yield Fund (the “Acquired Funds”).

In connection with the transaction, two of the Company’s portfolio managers and a research analyst will join Brandywine Global’s fixed income team.

Pursuant to the Agreement, DHCM will receive an initial cash payment at closing of up to $9.0 million based upon the closing date net revenue of the Acquired Funds, and may receive 2 additional payments of up to $13.0 million in the aggregate based on the net revenue of the Acquired Funds on the one-year anniversary of the closing date. There can be no assurance that all or any of these additional payment amounts will be received by DHCM.

The Agreement contains customary representations, warranties and covenants and is subject to customary closing conditions, including a minimum net revenue requirement as of the closing date and approval by the shareholders of the Acquired Funds. The sale is expected to close in the second quarter of 2021, subject to approval of each of the Acquired Fund’s shareholders.
Dividends
On February 25, 2021,28, 2024, the Company’s board of directorsBoard approved a quarterly cash dividend of $1.00$1.50 per share, payable
on March 19, 2021,22, 2024, to shareholders of record as of March 11, 2021.2024.


ITEM 9.Changes in and Disagreements withWith Accountants on Accounting and Financial Disclosures

None.

ITEM 9A.Controls and Procedures
Evaluation of Disclosure Controls and Procedures
Management, including the Chief Executive Officer and the Chief Financial Officer, has conducted an evaluation of the effectiveness of the Company’s disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Rules 13a-15(e) or 15d-15(e) of the Exchange Act) as of the end of the period covered by this Annual Report on Form 10-K (the “Evaluation Date”). Based on such evaluation, the Chief Executive Officer and the Chief Financial Officer have concluded that, as of the Evaluation Date, the Company’s disclosure controls and procedures arewere effective to ensure that the information required to be disclosed by the Company in the reports that it files or submits under the Exchange Act, is recorded, processed, summarized and reported within the time periods specified in the SEC’s rules and forms, and to ensure that the information required to be disclosed by the Company in the reports it files or submits under the Exchange Act is accumulated and communicated to the Company’s management, including the Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, or persons performing similar functions, as appropriate to allow timely decisions regarding required disclosure.
Changes in Internal Control Over Financial Reporting
There have beenwere no changes in the Company’s internal control over financial reporting during the yearquarter ended December 31, 20202023 that have materially affected, or are reasonably likely to materially affect, the Company’s internal control over financial reporting.
Management’s Annual Report on Internal Control Over Financial Reporting
The Company’s management is responsible for establishing and maintaining adequate internal control over financial reporting, as defined in Rule 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f) of the Exchange Act. The Company’s internal control over financial reporting is a process designed to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of its consolidated financial statements for external purposes in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America.
Under the supervision and with the participation of the Chief Executive Officer and the Chief Financial Officer, management assessed the effectiveness of the Company’s internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2023 based on criteria established in Internal Control - Integrated Framework (2013) issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission. Based on this assessment, management concluded that the Company’s internal control over financial reporting was effective as of December 31, 2023.
The Company’s independent registered public accounting firm, KPMG LLP, has audited the Company’s 2023 and 2022 consolidated financial statements included in this Form 10-K and the Company’s internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2023, and has issued its Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm on Consolidated Financial Statements and the Company’s internal control over financial reporting, which is included in this Form 10-K.

Inherent Limitations on Effectiveness of Controls

There are inherent limitations in the effectiveness of any control system, including the potential for human error and the possible circumvention or overriding of controls and procedures.Additionally, judgments in decision-making may be faulty and breakdowns may occur because of a simple error or mistake.An effective control system can provide only reasonable, not absolute, assurance that the control objectives of the system are adequately met.Accordingly, management, including the Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, does not expect that the control system can prevent or detect all errors or fraud.Also, projections of any evaluation of effectiveness to future periods are subject to the risk that controls may become inadequate because of changes in conditions, or that the degree of compliance with the policies or procedures may deteriorate.

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Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm

To the Shareholders and Board of Directors
Diamond Hill Investment Group, Inc.:
Opinion on Internal Control Over Financial Reporting
We have audited Diamond Hill Investment Group, Inc. and subsidiaries' (the Company) internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2023, based on criteria established in Internal Control – Integrated Framework (2013) issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission. In our opinion, the Company maintained, in all material respects, effective internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2023, based on criteria established in Internal Control – Integrated Framework (2013) issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission.
We also have audited, in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States) (PCAOB), the consolidated balance sheets of the Company as of December 31, 2023 and 2022, the related consolidated statements of income, shareholders’ equity and redeemable noncontrolling interest, and cash flows for each of the years in the three-year period ended December 31, 2023, and the related notes (collectively, the consolidated financial statements), and our report dated February 29, 2024 expressed an unqualified opinion on those consolidated financial statements.
Basis for Opinion
The Company’s management is responsible for maintaining effective internal control over financial reporting and for its assessment of the effectiveness of internal control over financial reporting, included in the accompanying Management's Annual Report on Internal Control Over Financial Reporting. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on the Company’s internal control over financial reporting based on our audit. We are a public accounting firm registered with the PCAOB and are required to be independent with respect to the Company in accordance with the U.S. federal securities laws and the applicable rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission and the PCAOB.
We conducted our audit in accordance with the standards of the PCAOB. Those standards require that we plan and perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether effective internal control over financial reporting was maintained in all material respects. Our audit of internal control over financial reporting included obtaining an understanding of internal control over financial reporting, assessing the risk that a material weakness exists, and testing and evaluating the design and operating effectiveness of internal control based on the assessed risk. Our audit also included performing such other procedures as we considered necessary in the circumstances. We believe that our audit provides a reasonable basis for our opinion.
Definition and Limitations of Internal Control Over Financial Reporting
A company’s internal control over financial reporting is a process designed to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles. A company’s internal control over financial reporting includes those policies and procedures that (1) pertain to the maintenance of records that, in reasonable detail, accurately and fairly reflect the transactions and dispositions of the assets of the company; (2) provide reasonable assurance that transactions are recorded as necessary to permit preparation of financial statements in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles, and that receipts and expenditures of the company are being made only in accordance with authorizations of management and directors of the company; and (3) provide reasonable assurance regarding prevention or timely detection of unauthorized acquisition, use, or disposition of the company’s assets that could have a material effect on the financial statements.
Because of its inherent limitations, internal control over financial reporting may not prevent or detect misstatements. Also, projections of any evaluation of effectiveness to future periods are subject to the risk that controls may become inadequate because of changes in conditions, or that the degree of compliance with the policies or procedures may deteriorate.
Under the supervision and with the participation of the Chief Executive Officer and the Chief Financial Officer, management assessed the effectiveness of the Company’s internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2020 based on criteria established in Internal Control - Integrated Framework (2013) issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission (COSO). Based on this assessment, management concluded that the Company’s internal control over financial reporting was effective as of December 31, 2020.
The Company’s independent registered public accounting firm,/s/ KPMG LLP has audited the Company’s 2020 and 2019 consolidated financial statements included in this Annual Report on Form 10-K and the Company’s internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2020, and has issued its Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm on Consolidated Financial Statements, which is included in this Annual Report on Form 10-K.
Columbus, Ohio
February 29, 2024


ITEM 9B.Other Information
None.During the quarter ended December 31, 2023, no director or officer (as defined under Rule 16a-1 of the Exchange Act) adopted or terminated any Rule 10b5-1 trading arrangements or any non-Rule 10b5-1 trading arrangements (in each case, as defined in Item 408(a) of Regulation S-K).
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ITEM 9C.Disclosure Regarding Foreign Jurisdictions that Prevent Inspections
Not applicable.
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PART III

ITEM 10.Directors, Executive Officers and Corporate Governance
Information required by this Item 10 is incorporated herein by reference from the Company’s definitive proxy statement for its 20212024 annual meeting of shareholders, which will be filed with the SEC no later than 120 days after December 31, 2020,2023, pursuant to Regulation 14A of the Exchange Act (the “2021“2024 Proxy Statement”), under the captions: “Delinquent Section 16(a) Reports”, “Proposal 1 - Election of Directors”, “Proposal 1 - Election of Directors - The Board of Directors and Committees”, “Proposal 1 - Election of Directors - Corporate Governance”, and “Proposal 1 - Election of Directors - Executive Officers and Compensation Information”Compensation”.

ITEM 11.Executive Compensation
Information required by this Item 11 is incorporated herein by reference from the 20212024 Proxy Statement under the captions: “Proposal 1 - Election of Directors—Directors - The Board of Directors and Committees”, “Proposal 1 - Election of Directors - Corporate Governance”, “Proposal 1 – Electionand “Executive Compensation” (excluding the information under the subheadings “Pay Versus Performance Table,” “Tabular List of Directors – Executive OfficersImportant Financial Performance Measures” and Compensation Information”, and “Proposal 1 – Election“Analysis of Directors – Executive Officers and Compensation Information - Compensation Committee Report”Presented in the Pay Versus Performance Table”).

ITEM 12.Security Ownership of Certain Beneficial Owners and Management and Related Shareholder Matters
The following table sets forth certain information concerning ourthe Company's equity compensation plans at December 31, 2020:2023:
Equity Compensation Plan Information
(a)(b)(c)
Plan categoryNumber of securities to
be issued upon the
exercise of outstanding
options, warrants and
rights
Weighted-average
exercise price of
outstanding options,
warrants and rights
Number of securities
remaining available for
future issuance under
equity compensation
plans (excluding
securities reflected in
column (a)
 
Equity compensation plans approved by security holders— $— 222,657 1
(a)(b)(c)
Plan categoryNumber of securities to
be issued upon the
exercise of outstanding
options, warrants and
rights
Weighted-average
exercise price of
outstanding options,
warrants and rights
Number of securities
remaining available for
future issuance under
equity compensation
plans (excluding
securities reflected in
column (a)
Equity compensation plans approved by security holders— — 234,952 
1

1This amount relates to common shares that may be issued under our 2014 Equity and Cash Incentive1 This amount reflects the common shares that may be issued under the 2022 Plan.
The other information required by this Item 12 is incorporated herein by reference from the 20212024 Proxy Statement under the captions: “Security Ownership of Certain Beneficial Owners and Management” and “Proposal 1 – Election of Directors – Executive Officers and Compensation Information.Compensation.

ITEM 13.Certain Relationships and Related Transactions, and Director Independence
Information required by this Item 13 is incorporated herein by reference from the 20212024 Proxy Statement under the caption: “Proposal 1 – Election of Directors – Director Independence” and “Proposal 1 – Election of Directors – Corporate Governance”.

ITEM 14.Principal AccountingAccountant Fees and Services
Information required by this Item 14 is incorporated herein by reference from the 20212024 Proxy Statement under the caption: “Proposal 2 – Ratification of the Appointment of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm”.
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PART IV

ITEM 15.Exhibits,Exhibit and Financial Statement Schedules

(a) (1)
Financial Statements: See “Part“Index to the Consolidated Financial Statements” within Part II. Item 8, Financial Statements and Supplementary Data”.Data.
(2)
Financial Statement Schedules: All financial statement schedules for which provision is made in the applicable accounting regulations of the SEC are omitted because they are not required or the required information is included in the accompanying financial statements or notes thereto.
(3)Exhibits:

3.1
3.2
3.2
3.3
4.1
10.1
10.2
10.3*
10.4*
10.5*
10.6*
10.7*
10.8*
10.7*10.9*
10.10*
10.11*
10.8*10.12*
10.9*10.13*
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10.10*10.14*
10.15*
10.16*
10.17*
10.18*
10.19*
10.20*
10.21*
10.22*
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14.1
21.1
23.1
31.1
31.2
32.1
97
101.ins101.INSXBRL Instance Document.
101.sch101.SCHXBRL Taxonomy Extension Schema Document.
101.cal101.CALXBRL Taxonomy Extension Calculation Linkbase Document.
101.def101.DEFXBRL Taxonomy Extension Definition Linkbase Document.
101.lab101.LABXBRL Taxonomy Extension Label Linkbase Document.
101.pre101.PREXBRL Taxonomy Extension Presentation Linkbase Document.
104Cover Page Interactive Data File (Embedded within the Inline XBRL document and included in Exhibit 101).

*Denotes management contract or compensatory plan or arrangement.
(b)
Exhibits: Reference is made to Item 15(a)(3) above.
(c)
Financial Statement Schedules: None required.


ITEM 16.Form 10-K Summary
None.

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SIGNATURES
Pursuant to the requirements of Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized:
DIAMOND HILL INVESTMENT GROUP, INC.
By:/s/ Heather E. Brilliant
Heather E. Brilliant, Chief Executive Officer and PresidentFebruary 25, 202129, 2024
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, this report has been signed below by the following persons on behalf of the registrant and in the capacities and on the dates indicated.
Signature  Title  Date
/s/ Heather E. Brilliant  Chief Executive Officer and  February 25, 202129, 2024
Heather E. Brilliant  President (Principal Executive Officer)  
/s/ Thomas E. Line  Chief Financial Officer and  February 25, 202129, 2024
Thomas E. Line  Treasurer (Principal Financial Officer and Principal Accounting Officer)  
/s/ Jeffrey J. CookControllerFebruary 25, 2021
Jeffrey J. Cook
Richard S. Cooley*DirectorFebruary 25, 202129, 2024
Richard S. Cooley
Randolph J. Fortener*DirectorFebruary 25, 2021
Randolph J. Fortener
James F. Laird*DirectorFebruary 25, 202129, 2024
James F. Laird
Paula R. Meyer*  Director  February 25, 202129, 2024
Paula R. Meyer    
Bradley C. Shoup*DirectorFebruary 25, 2021
Bradley C. Shoup
Nicole R. St. Pierre*  Director  February 25, 202129, 2024
Nicole R. St. Pierre  
L’Quentus Thomas*  DirectorFebruary 29, 2024
L’Quentus Thomas

* By/s/ Thomas E. Line
Thomas E. Line
Executed by Thomas E. Line
on behalf of those indicated pursuant to Powers of Attorney

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