0000912593 sui:JellystoneParkAtGardinerMember 2019-12-31



UNITED STATES
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
Washington, D.C. 20549

FORM 10-K

ANNUAL REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(D) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

For the fiscal year ended December 31, 20182019
Commission file number 1-12616

SUN COMMUNITIES INC.
(Exact Name of Registrant as Specified in its Charter)

Maryland1-1261638-2730780
(State of Incorporation)Commission file number(I.R.S. Employer Identification No.)
27777 Franklin Rd.Rd,
Suite 200,Southfield,
Southfield, Michigan 48034
(Address of Principal Executive Offices) (Zip Code)

(248) 208-2500
(248) 208-2500
(Registrant’s telephone number, including area code)

Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:
Common Stock, Par Value $0.01 per ShareTitle of each class New York Stock Exchange
Securities Registered Pursuant to Section 12(b) of the ActTrading Symbol(s) Name of each exchange on which registered
Securities Registered Pursuant to Section 12(g) of the Act: 6.50% Series A-4 Cumulative Convertible PreferredCommon Stock, $0.01 par value $0.01 per ShareSUINew York Stock Exchange


Indicate by check mark if the registrant is a well-known seasoned issuer, as defined in Rule 405 of the Securities Act. Yes [X]  No [ ]

Indicate by check mark if the registrant is not required to file reports pursuant to Section 13 or 15(d) of the Exchange Act. Yes [ ]  No [X]

Indicate by check mark whether the Registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the Registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days.   Yes [ X ]  No [ ]

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically, if any, every Interactive Data File required to be submitted and posted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit and post such files).  Yes [ X ]  No [ ]

Indicate by check mark if disclosure of delinquent filers pursuant to Item 405 of Regulation S-K is not contained herein, and will not be contained, to the best of Registrant’s knowledge, in definitive proxy or information statements incorporated by reference in Part III of this Form 10-K or any amendment to this Form 10-K. [ X ]

Indicate by check mark whether the Registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, or a smaller reporting company or an emerging growth company. (Check one):
Large accelerated filer [ X ]Accelerated filer [ ]Non-accelerated filer [   ]
Smaller reporting company [   ]Emerging growth company [  ]

If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act. [ ]

Indicate by check mark whether the Registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act). Yes [ ] No [X]



As of June 30, 2018,2019, the aggregate market value of the Registrant’s stock held by non-affiliates was $7,693,151,783$11,363,494,077 (computed by reference to the closing sales price of the Registrant’s common stock as of June 30, 2018)2019). For this computation, the Registrant has excluded the market value of all shares of common stock reported as beneficially owned by executive officers and directors of the Registrant; such exclusion shall not be deemed to constitute an admission that any such person is an affiliate of the Registrant.

Number of shares of common stock, $0.01 par value per share, outstanding as of February 14, 2019: 86,380,50213, 2020: 93,319,200

Documents Incorporated By Reference

Unless provided in an amendment to this Annual Report on Form 10-K, the information required by Part III is incorporated by reference to the registrant’s proxy statement to be filed pursuant to Regulation 14A, with respect to the registrant’s 20192020 annual meeting of stockholders.





SUN COMMUNITIES, INC.

Table of Contents

ItemDescriptionPage
   
Part I.  
Item 1.Business
Item 1A.Risk Factors
Item 1B.Unresolved Staff Comments
Item 2.Properties
Item 3.Legal Proceedings
Item 4.Mine Safety Disclosures
   
Part II.  
Item 5.Market for the Registrant’s Common Equity, Related Stockholder Matters and Issuer Purchases of Equity Securities
Item 6.Selected Financial Data
Item 7.Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations
Item 7A.Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures about Market Risk
Item 8.Financial Statements and Supplementary Data
Item 9.Changes in and Disagreements with Accountants on Accounting and Financial Disclosure
Item 9A.Controls and Procedures
Item 9B.Other Information
   
Part III.  
Item 10.Directors, Executive Officers and Corporate Governance
Item 11.Executive Compensation
Item 12.Security Ownership of Certain Beneficial Owners and Management and Related Stockholder Matters
Item 13.Certain Relationships and Related Transactions, and Director Independence
Item 14.Principal Accountant Fees and Services
   
Part IV.  
Item 15.Exhibits and Financial Statement Schedules
Item 16.Form 10-K Summary




SUN COMMUNITIES, INC.

PART I

ITEM 1. BUSINESS

GENERAL

Sun Communities, Inc., a Maryland corporation, and all wholly-owned or majority-owned and controlled subsidiaries, including Sun Communities Operating Limited Partnership, a Michigan limited partnership (the “Operating Partnership”) and Sun Home Services, Inc., a Michigan corporation (“SHS”) are referred to herein as the “Company,” “us,” “we,” and “our”. We are a self-administered and self-managed real estate investment trust (“REIT”).

We are a fully integrated real estate company which, together with our affiliates and predecessors, have been in the business of acquiring, operating, developing, and expanding manufactured housing (“MH”) and recreational vehicle (“RV”) communities since 1975. We lease individual parcels of land (“sites”) with utility access for placement of manufactured homes and RVs to our customers. We are also engaged through a taxable subsidiary, SHS, in the marketing, selling, and leasing of new and pre-owned homes to current and future residents in our communities. The operations of SHS support and enhance our occupancy levels, property performance and cash flows.

We own, operate, or have an interest in a portfolio of MH and RV communities. As of December 31, 2018,2019, we owned, operated or had an interest in a portfolio of 371422 properties in 3133 states and Ontario, Canada (collectively, the “Properties” or “Communities”), including 230266 MH communities, 110122 RV communities, and 3134 Properties containing both MH and RV sites. As of December 31, 2018,2019, the Properties contained an aggregate of 128,454141,293 developed sites comprised of 84,42893,821 developed MH sites, 24,53526,056 annual RV sites (inclusive of both annual and seasonal usage rights), and 19,49121,416 transient RV sites. There are approximately 11,00010,300 additional MH and RV sites suitable for development. We also own a 50 percent interest in a joint venture formed to establish and grow a manufactured housing community development program in Australia.

Our executive and principal property management office is located at 27777 Franklin Road, Suite 200, Southfield, Michigan 48034 and our telephone number is (248) 208-2500. We have regional property management offices located in Austin, Texas; Grand Rapids, Michigan; Denver, Colorado; Ft. Myers, Florida; and Orlando, Florida; and we employed an aggregate of 2,7843,146 full and part time employees as of December 31, 2018.2019.

Our website address is www.suncommunities.com and we make available, free of charge, on or through our website all of our periodic reports, including our Annual Reports on Form 10-K, Quarterly Reports on Form 10-Q, and current reports on Form 8-K, as soon as reasonably practicable after we file such reports with the Securities and Exchange Commission (the “SEC”).

STRUCTURE OF THE COMPANY

The Operating Partnership is structured as an umbrella partnership REIT, or UPREIT. In 1993, we contributed our net assets to the Operating Partnership in exchange for the sole general partner interest in the Operating Partnership and the majority of all the Operating Partnership’s initial capital. We conduct substantially all of our operations through the Operating Partnership. The Operating Partnership owns, either directly or indirectly through other subsidiaries, all of our assets. This UPREIT structure enables us to comply with certain complex requirements under the federal tax rules and regulations applicable to REITs, and to acquire MH and RV communities in transactions that defer some or all of the sellers’ tax consequences. The financial results of the Operating Partnership and our other subsidiaries are consolidated in our Consolidated Financial Statements. The financial results include certain activities that do not necessarily qualify as REIT activities under the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended (the “Code”). We have formed taxable REIT subsidiaries, as defined in the Code, to engage in such activities. We use taxable REIT subsidiaries to offer certain services to our residents and engage in activities that would not otherwise be permitted under the REIT rules if provided directly by us or by the Operating Partnership. The taxable REIT subsidiaries include our home sales business, SHS, which provides manufactured home sales, leasing, and other services to current and prospective tenants of the Properties.

Under the partnership agreement, the Operating Partnership is structured to make distributions with respect to certain of the Operating Partnership units (“OP units”) at the same time that distributions are made to our common stockholders. The Operating Partnership is structured to permit limited partners holding certain classes or series of OP units to exchange those OP units for shares of our common stock (in a taxable transaction) and achieve liquidity for their investment.

As the sole general partner of the Operating Partnership, we generally have the power to manage and have complete control over the conduct of the Operating Partnership’s affairs and all decisions or actions made or taken by us as the general partner pursuant to the partnership agreement are generally binding upon all of the partners and the Operating Partnership.

SUN COMMUNITIES, INC.

We do not own all of the OP units. As of December 31, 2018,2019, the Operating Partnership had issued and outstanding:

89,082,937 common OP units;
1,283,819 preferred OP units (“Aspen preferred OP units”);
331,941309,234 Series A-1 preferred OP units;
310,424 Series C preferred OP units;
488,958 Series D preferred OP units;
40,268 Series A-3 preferred OP units;
1,473,153 Series A-4 preferred OP units;
26,750 Series B-3 preferred OP units; and
314,438 Series C preferred95,600,640 common OP units.

As of December 31, 2018,2019, we held:

86,357,426 common OP units, or approximately 96.9 percent of the issued and outstanding common OP units;
1,062,789 Series A-4 preferred OP units, or approximately 72.1 percent of the issued and outstanding Series A-4 preferred OP units; and
no Aspen preferred OP units, Series A-1 preferred OP units, Series A-3C preferred OP units, Series B-3D preferred OP units, or Series CA-3 preferred OP units;
93,180,481 common OP units, or approximately 97.5 percent of the issued and outstanding common OP units;

In January 2019, we redeemed all 26,750 outstanding Series B-3 preferred OP units. The weighted average redemption price per unit, which included accrued and unpaid distributions, was $100.153424. In the aggregate, we paid $2.7 million to redeem all of the Series B-3 OP units.

In December 2019, we converted all outstanding shares of our 6.50 percent Series A-4 Cumulative Convertible Preferred Stock and Series A-4 preferred OP units into common stock and common OP units, respectively. All 1,031,747 shares of Series A-4 preferred stock were converted into 458,541 shares of common stock (net of fractional shares paid in cash) and all 405,656 Series A-4 preferred OP units were converted into 180,277 common OP units (net of fractional shares paid in cash).

On January 9, 2020, the Operating Partnership created a new class of OP units named Series E Preferred OP Units in conjunction with the acquisition of a MH community in East Falmouth, Massachusetts. As of February 13, 2020, 90,000 Series E Preferred OP Units were outstanding.

Ranking and Priority

The various classes and series of OP units issued by the Operating Partnership rank as follows with respect to rights to the payment of distributions and the distribution of assets in the event of any voluntary or involuntary liquidation, dissolution or winding up of the Operating Partnership:

first, the Series A-4 preferred OP units, Aspen preferred OP units and Series A-1 preferred OP units, on parity with each other;
next, the Series C preferred OP units;
next, the Series B-3D preferred OP units;
next, the Series DE preferred OP units;
next, the Series A-3 preferred OP units; and
finally, the common OP units.

Common OP Units

Subject to certain limitations, the holder of each common OP unit at its option may convert such common OP unit at any time into one share of our common stock. Holders of common OP units are entitled to receive distributions from the Operating Partnership as and when declared by the general partner, provided that all accrued distributions payable on OP units ranking senior to the common OP units have been paid. The holders of common OP units generally receive distributions on the same dates and in amounts equal to the distributions paid to holders of our common stock.

Aspen Preferred OP Units

Subject to certain limitations, at any time prior to January 1, 2024 (or prior to January 1, 2034 with respect to the extended units discussed below), the holder of each Aspen preferred OP unit at its option may convert such Aspen preferred OP unit into: (a) if the average closing price of our common stock for the preceding ten trading days is $68.00 per share or less, 0.397 common OP units, or (b) if the average closing price of our common stock for the preceding ten trading days is greater than $68.00 per share, the number of common OP units determined by dividing (i) the sum of (A) $27.00 plus (B) 25 percent of the amount by which the average closing price of our common stock for the preceding ten trading days exceeds $68.00 per share, by (ii) the average closing price of our common stock for the preceding
SUN COMMUNITIES, INC.

ten trading days. The holders of Aspen preferred OP units are entitled to receive distributions not less than quarterly. Distributions on Aspen preferred OP units are generally paid on the same dates as distributions are paid to holders of common OP units. EachExcept for Extended Units as discussed below, each Aspen preferred OP unit is entitled to receive distributions in an amount equal to the product of (x) its original per unit issuance price of $27.00, multiplied by (y) an annual rate equal to the 10-year U.S. Treasury bond yield plus 239 basis points; provided, however, that the aggregate distribution rate shall not be less than 6.5 percent nor more than 9 percent. On January 2, 2024, (or on January 2, 2034, with respect to the Extended Units described below), we are required to redeem all Aspen preferred OP units that have not been converted to common OP units. In addition, we are required to redeem the Aspen preferred OP units of any holder thereof within five days after receipt of a written demand during the existence of certain uncured Aspen preferred OP unit defaults, including our failure to pay distributions on the Aspen preferred OP units when due and our failure to provide certain security for the payment of distributions on the Aspen preferred OP units. We may also redeem Aspen preferred OP units from time to time if we and the holder thereof agree to do so.

SUN COMMUNITIES, INC.
On January 13, 2020, at the election of certain Aspen preferred OP unit holders, the Operating Partnership extended the automatic redemption date and reduced the annual distribution rate for 270,000 of the Aspen preferred OP units (the “Extended Units”). The Extended Units may be converted at the holder’s election into common OP units at any time before January 1, 2034 using the same formula as for the other Aspen Units. All Extended Units then outstanding must be redeemed by the Operating Partnership on January 2, 2034 at the same redemption price as for the other Aspen preferred OP units. The Extended Units receive annual distributions at a rate of 3.8 percent on their original $27.00 per unit issuance price. As of February 13, 2020, 270,000 of the Extended Units and 1,013,813 other Aspen preferred OP units were outstanding.

Series A-1 Preferred OP Units

Subject to certain limitations, the holder of each Series A-1 preferred OP unit at its option may exchange such Series A-1 preferred OP unit at any time into approximately 2.4390 shares of our common stock (which exchange rate is subject to adjustment upon stock splits, recapitalizations, and similar events). The holders of Series A-1 preferred OP units are entitled to receive distributions not less than quarterly. Distributions on Series A-1 preferred OP units are generally paid on the last day of each quarter. Each Series A-1 preferred OP unit is entitled to receive distributions in an amount equal to the product of $100.00 multiplied by an annual rate equal to 6.0 percent. Series A-1 preferred OP units do not have any voting or consent rights on any matter requiring the consent or approval of the Operating Partnership’s limited partners.

Series A-3 Preferred OP Units

Subject to certain limitations, the holder of each Series A-3 preferred OP unit at its option may exchange such Series A-3 preferred OP unit at any time into approximately 1.8605 shares of our common stock (which exchange rate is subject to adjustment upon stock splits, recapitalizations, and similar events). The holders of Series A-3 preferred OP units are entitled to receive distributions not less than quarterly. Each Series A-3 preferred OP unit is entitled to receive distributions in an amount equal to the product of $100.00 multiplied by an annual rate equal to 4.5 percent. Series A-3 preferred OP units do not have any voting or consent rights on any matter requiring the consent or approval of the Operating Partnership’s limited partners.

Series A-4 Preferred OP Units

In connection with the issuance of our 6.5% Series A-4 Cumulative Convertible Preferred Stock (the “Series A-4 preferred stock”) in November 2014, the Operating Partnership created the Series A-4 preferred OP units as a new class of OP units. Series A-4 preferred OP units have economic and other rights and preferences substantially similar to those of the Series A-4 preferred stock, including rights to receive distributions at the same time and in the same amounts as distributions paid on Series A-4 preferred stock. Each Series A-4 preferred OP unit is exchangeable into approximately 0.4444 shares of common stock or common OP units (which exchange rate is subject to adjustment upon stock splits, recapitalizations, and similar events). The Operating Partnership issued Series A-4 preferred OP units to us in connection with our acquisition of a portfolio of MH communities from Green Courte Real Estate Partners, LLC and certain of their affiliated entities (collectively, the “Green Courte parties” or the “Green Courte entities”).

During the year ended December 31, 2018 and 2017, we repurchased zero and 438,448 Series A-4 preferred OP units, respectively. At December 31, 2018, we held 1,062,789 Series A-4 preferred OP units. The rights of the Series A-4 preferred OP units held by us mirror the economic rights of the Series A-4 preferred OP units issued to the Green Courte entities, but certain voting, consent, and other rights do not apply to the Series A-4 preferred OP units held by us.

If certain change of control transactions occur or if our common stock ceases to be listed or quoted on an exchange or quotation system, then at any time after November 26, 2019, we or the holders of shares of Series A-4 preferred stock and Series A-4 preferred OP units may cause all or any of those shares or units to be redeemed for cash at a redemption price equal to the sum of (i) the greater of (x) the amount that the redeemed shares of Series A-4 preferred stock and Series A-4 preferred OP units would have received in such transaction if they had been converted into shares of our common stock immediately prior to such transaction, or (y) $25.00 per share, plus (ii) any accrued and unpaid distributions thereon to, but not including, the redemption date.

Series B-3 Preferred OP Units

Series B-3 preferred OP units are not convertible. The holders of Series B-3 preferred OP units generally receive distributions on the last day of each quarter. Each Series B-3 preferred OP unit is entitled to receive distributions in an amount equal to the product of $100.00 multiplied by an annual rate equal to 8.0 percent.

Subject to certain limitations, (x) during the 90-day period beginning on each of the tenth through fifteenth anniversaries of the issue date of the applicable Series B-3 preferred OP units, (y) at any time after the fifteenth anniversary of the issue date of the applicable Series B-3 preferred OP units, or (z) after our receipt of notice of the death of the electing holder of a Series B-3 preferred OP unit, each holder of Series B-3 preferred OP units may require us to redeem such holder’s Series B-3 preferred OP units at the redemption price of $100.00 per unit. In addition, at any time after the fifteenth anniversary of the issue date of the applicable Series B-3 preferred OP units we may redeem, at our option, all of the Series B-3 preferred OP units of any holder thereof at the redemption price of $100.00 per unit. Series B-3 preferred OP units do not have any voting or consent rights on any matter requiring the consent or approval of the Operating Partnership’s limited partners.

SUN COMMUNITIES, INC.

During the year ended December 31, 2018, we redeemed a total of 41,051 Series B-3 preferred OP units. In January 2019, we redeemed the remaining 26,750 Series B-3 preferred OP units.

Series C Preferred OP Units

Subject to certain limitations, the holder of each Series C preferred OP unit at its option may exchange such Series C preferred OP unit at any time into 1.11 shares of our common stock (which exchange rate is subject to adjustment upon stock splits, recapitalizations, and similar events). The holders of Series C preferred OP units are entitled to receive distributions not less than quarterly. Each Series C preferred OP unit is entitled to receive distributions in an amount equal to the product of $100.00 multiplied by an annual rate equal to (i) 4.5 percent until April 1, 2020, and (ii) 5.0 percent after April 2, 2020. Series C preferred OP units do not have any voting or consent rights on any matter requiring the consent or approval of the Operating Partnership’s limited partners.

Series D Preferred OP Units

On January 31, 2019, the Operating Partnership created a new class of OP units named Series D preferred OP units. As of February 14, 2019, 488,958 Series D preferred units were outstanding.
Subject to certain limitations, each Series D preferred OP unit is exchangeable at any time after the first anniversary of its issuance date into 0.8 shares of the Company’s common stock (as such ratio is subject to adjustment for certain capital events). The Series D preferred OP units provide for quarterly distributions on the $100 per unit issue price of 3.75%3.75 percent per year until January 31, 2021, and 4.0%4.0 percent per year thereafter. Subject to certain limitations, the Series D preferred OP unit holders may cause the Operating Partnership to redeem all or a portion of their Series D preferred OP units for $100 per unit (plus any accrued but unpaid distributions) any time after the earlier of: (i) the fifth anniversary of the issuance of the Series D preferred OP units, or (ii) the Operating Partnership’s notice of the death of the principal of the initial holder of the Series D preferred OP units. The Series D preferred OP units have no voting rights.
SUN COMMUNITIES, INC.

Series E Preferred OP Units

Subject to certain limitations, each Series E Preferred Unit is exchangeable at any time after the first anniversary of its issuance date into that number of shares of the Company’s common stock equal to the quotient obtained by dividing $100.00 by $145.00 (which ratio is subject to adjustment for certain capital events). The Series E Preferred Units provide for quarterly distributions of 5.25 percent per year until the second anniversary of their issuance date and 5.50 percent per year thereafter. The Series E preferred OP units have no voting rights.

REAL PROPERTY OPERATIONS

Properties are designed and improved for several home options of various sizes and designs that consist of both MH communities and RV communities.

An MH community is a residential subdivision designed and improved with sites for the placement of manufactured homes, related improvements, and amenities. Manufactured homes are detached, single‑family homes which are produced off‑site by manufacturers and installed on sitessite within the community. Manufactured homes are available in a wide array of designs, providing owners with a level of customization generally unavailable in other forms of multi-family housing developments.

Modern MH communities contain improvements similar to other garden‑style residential developments, including centralized entrances, paved streets, curbs, gutters, and parkways. In addition, these communities also often provide a number of amenities, such as a clubhouse, a swimming pool, shuffleboard courts, tennis courts, and laundry facilities.

An RV community is a resort or park designed and improved with sites for the placement of RVs for varied lengths of time. Properties may also provide vacation rental homes. RV communities include a number of amenities such as restaurants, golf courses, swimming pools, tennis courts, fitness centers, planned activities, and spacious social facilities.

The owner of each home onRenters at our Properties leaseslease the site on which thea manufactured home, vacation rental home, or RV is located. We typically own the underlying land, utility connections, streets, lighting, driveways, common area amenities, and other capital improvements and are responsible for enforcement of community guidelines and maintenance. In sixeight of our 371422 communities, we do not own all of the underlying land and operate the communities pursuant to ground leases. Certain of the Properties provide water and sewer service through public or private utilities, while others provide these services to residents from on-site facilities. Each owner of a home within our Properties is responsible for the maintenance of the home and leased site. As a result, our capital expenditure needs tend to be less significant relative to multi-family rental apartment complexes.

SUN COMMUNITIES, INC.
We compete with other available MH and RV communities, and alternative forms of housing (such as on-site constructed homes, condominiums and townhouses) as they provide housing alternatives to potential tenants of MH and RV communities.

PROPERTY MANAGEMENT

Our property management strategy emphasizes intensive, hands-on management by dedicated, on-site district and community managers. We believe that this on-site focus enables us to continually monitor and address resident concerns, the performance of competitive properties, and local market conditions. As of December 31, 2018,2019, we employed 2,7843,146 full and part time employees, of which 2,3932,742 were located on-site as property managers, support staff, or maintenance personnel.

Our community managers are overseen by John B. McLaren, our President and Chief Operating Officer, who has been in the MH industry since 1995, three Senior Vice Presidents of Operations and Sales, nine10 Divisional Vice Presidents and thirty seven36 Regional Vice Presidents. Each Regional Vice President is responsible for semi-annual market surveys of competitive communities, interaction with local manufactured home dealers, regular property inspections, and oversight of property operations and sales functions, semi-annual market surveys of competitive communities, and interaction with local manufactured home dealers for sixeight to fourteenfifteen properties.

Each district or community manager performs regular inspections in order to continually monitor the Property’s physical condition and to effectively address tenant concerns. In addition to a district or community manager, each district or property has on-site maintenance personnel and management support staff. We hold mandatory training sessions for all new property management personnel to ensure that management policies and procedures are executed effectively and professionally. All of our property management personnel participate in on-going training to ensure that changes to management policies and procedures are implemented consistently. We offer approximately 350 trainings including books, online courses, webinars, and live sessions for our team members through our Sun University, which has led to increased knowledge and accountability for daily operations and policies and procedures.
SUN COMMUNITIES, INC.

HOME SALES AND RENTALS

SHS is engaged in the marketing, selling and leasing of new and pre-owned homes to current and future residents in our communities. Because tenants often purchase a home already on-site within a community, such services enhance occupancy and property performance. Additionally, because many of the homes on the Properties are sold through SHS, better control of home quality in our communities can be maintained than if sales services were conducted solely through third-party brokers.

SHS also leases homes to prospective tenants. At December 31, 2018,2019, SHS had 10,99411,325 occupied leased homes in its portfolio. New and pre-owned homes are purchased for the Rental Program. Leases associated with the Rental Program generally have a term of one year. The Rental Program requires intensive management of costs associated with repair and refurbishment of these homes as the tenants vacate and the homes are re-leased, similar to apartment rentals. We received approximately 48,00046,400 applications during 20182019 to live in our Properties, providing a significant “resident boarding” system that allows us to market the purchase of a home to the qualified applicants. Through the Rental Program we are able to demonstrate our product and lifestyle to the renters, while monitoring their payment history and converting qualified renters to owners.

Our home sales and leasing operations compete with other local and national MH dealers and MH community owners.

REGULATIONS AND INSURANCE

General

MH and RV community properties are subject to various laws, ordinances and regulations, including regulations relating to recreational facilities such as swimming pools, clubhouses, and other common areas. We believe that eachEach Property has the necessary operating permits and approvals.

Insurance

Our management believes that the Properties are covered by adequate fire, property, business interruption, general liability, and (where appropriate) flood and earthquake insurance provided by reputable companies with commercially reasonable deductibles and limits. We maintain a blanket policy that covers all of our Properties. We have obtained title insurance insuring fee title to the Properties in an aggregate amount which we believe to be adequate. Claims made to our insurance carriers that are determined to be recoverable are classified in other receivables as incurred.

SUN COMMUNITIES, INC.

SITE LEASES OR USAGE RIGHTS

Typical tenant leases for MH sites are month-to-monthyear-to-year or year-to-year,month-to-month, renewable upon the consent of both parties, or, in some instances, as provided by statute. Certain of our leases, mainly at our Florida and California properties, are tied to the consumer price index or other indices as they relate to rent increases. Generally, market rate adjustments are made on an annual basis. These leases are cancelable for non-payment of rent, violation of community rules and regulations or other specified defaults.

During the five calendar years ended December 31, 2018,2019, on average 2.2 percent of the homes in our communities have been removed by their owners and 6.26.5 percent of the homes have been sold by their owners to a new owner who then assumes rental obligations as a community resident. The average cost to move a home ranges from $4,000 to $10,000.is approximately $7,000. On average, our residents remain in our communities for approximately 12 years, while homes, which give rise to the rental stream, remain for over 4540 years.

Please see the Risk Factors in Item 1A, and our accompanying Consolidated Financial Statements and related notes thereto beginning on page F-1 of this Annual Report on Form 10-K for more detailed information.

ACQUISITIONS

For the year ended December 31, 2019, the Company acquired 47 communities, totaling over 10,000 developed sites and over 900 sites available for expansion, for a total purchase price of approximately $815.2 million.


SUN COMMUNITIES, INC.

EXPANSION / DEVELOPMENT

For the year ended December 31, 2019, the Company completed the construction of approximately 1,230 expansion sites in 16 existing communities.

For the year ended December 31, 2019, the Company completed the construction of approximately 1,100 sites at four ground-up developments and one redevelopment community.

INFORMATION ABOUT OUR EXECUTIVE OFFICERS

The persons listed below are our executive officers.
NameAgeTitle
Gary A. Shiffman65Chairman and Chief Executive Officer
John B. McLaren49President and Chief Operating Officer
Karen J. Dearing55Executive Vice President, Treasurer, Chief Financial Officer and Secretary
Jonathan M. Colman64Executive Vice President

Gary A. Shiffman is our Chairman and Chief Executive Officer and has been a director and an executive officer since our inception in 1993. He is a member of our Executive Committee. He has been actively involved in the management, acquisition, construction and development of manufactured housing communities and has developed an extensive network of industry relationships over the past thirty years. He has overseen the acquisition, rezoning, development, expansion and marketing of numerous manufactured home communities, as well as recreational vehicle communities. Additionally, Mr. Shiffman, through his family-related interests, has had significant direct holdings in various real estate asset classes, which include office, multi-family, industrial, residential and retail.

John B. McLaren has been in the manufactured housing industry since 1995. He has served as our President since 2014 and as our Chief Operating Officer since 2008. From 2008 to 2014, he served as an Executive Vice President of the Company. From 2005 to 2008, he was Senior Vice President of SHS with overall responsibility for home sales and leasing. Mr. McLaren spent approximately three years as Vice President of Leasing & Service for SHS with responsibility for developing and leading our Rental Program and also has experience in the multi-family REIT segment and the chattel lending industry.

Karen J. Dearing has served as our Chief Financial Officer and Executive Vice President since 2008. She joined us in 1998 as the Director of Finance where she worked extensively with accounting and finance matters related to our ground-up developments and expansions. Ms. Dearing became our Corporate Controller in 2002 and Senior Vice President in 2006. She is responsible for the overall management of our information technology, accounting, tax and finance departments, and all internal and external financial reporting. Prior to working for us, Ms. Dearing had over seven years of experience as the Financial Controller of a privately-owned automotive supplier and over four years of experience as a certified public accountant with Deloitte.

Jonathan M. Colman has served as an Executive Vice President since March 2003. He joined us in 1994 as Vice President-Acquisitions and became a Senior Vice President in 1995. A certified public accountant, Mr. Colman has over thirty-five years of experience in the manufactured housing community industry. Prior to joining Sun, he was involved in the acquisition, financing and management of over 75 manufactured housing communities for two of the 10 largest manufactured housing community owners, including Uniprop, Inc. during its syndication of over $90.0 million in public limited partnerships in the late 1980s. Mr. Colman is also a Vice President of all of our corporate subsidiaries.

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CAUTIONARY STATEMENT REGARDING FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS

This Annual Report on Form 10-K contains various “forward-looking statements” within the meaning of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the “Securities Act”), and the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the “Exchange Act”), and we intend that such forward-looking statements will be subject to the safe harbors created thereby. For this purpose, any statements contained in this filing that relate to expectations, beliefs, projections, future plans and strategies, trends or prospective events or developments and similar expressions concerning matters that are not historical facts are deemed to be forward-looking statements. Words such as “forecasts,” “intends,” “intend,” “intended,” “goal,” “estimate,” “estimates,” “expects,” “expect,” “expected,” “project,” “projected,” “projections,” “plans,” “predicts,” “potential,” “seeks,” “anticipates,” “anticipated,” “should,” “could,” “may,” “will,” “designed to,” “foreseeable future,” “believe,” “believes,” “scheduled,” “guidance” and similar expressions are intended to identify forward-looking statements, although not all forward-looking statements contain these words. These forward-looking statements reflect our current views with respect to future events and financial performance, but involve known and unknown risks and uncertainties, both general and specific to the matters discussed in this filing. These risks and uncertainties may cause our actual results to be materially different from any future results expressed or implied by such forward-looking statements. In addition to the risks disclosed under “Risk Factors” contained in this Annual Report on Form 10-K and our other filings with the SEC, such risks and uncertainties include, but are not limited to:

changes in general economic conditions, the real estate industry, and the markets in which we operate;
difficulties in our ability to evaluate, finance, complete and integrate acquisitions, developments and expansions successfully;
our liquidity and refinancing demands;
our ability to obtain or refinance maturing debt;
our ability to maintain compliance with covenants contained in our debt facilities;
availability of capital;
changes in foreign currency exchange rates, including between the U.S. dollar and each of the Canadian dollar and the Australian dollar;
our ability to maintain rental rates and occupancy levels;
our failure to maintain effective internal control over financial reporting and disclosure controls and procedures;
increases in interest rates and operating costs, including insurance premiums and real property taxes;
risks related to natural disasters such as hurricanes, earthquakes, floods and wildfires;
general volatility of the capital markets and the market price of shares of our capital stock;
our failure to maintain our status as a REIT;
changes in real estate and zoning laws and regulations;
legislative or regulatory changes, including changes to laws governing the taxation of REITs;
litigation, judgments or settlements;
competitive market forces;
the ability of manufactured home buyers to obtain financing; and
the level of repossessions by manufactured home lenders.

Readers are cautioned not to place undue reliance on these forward-looking statements, which speak only as of the date the statement was made. We undertake no obligation to publicly update or revise any forward-looking statements included or incorporated by reference into this filing, whether as a result of new information, future events, and changes in our expectations or otherwise, except as required by law.

Although we believe that the expectations reflected in the forward-looking statements are reasonable, we cannot guarantee future results, levels of activity, performance or achievements. All written and oral forward-looking statements attributable to us or persons acting on our behalf are qualified in their entirety by these cautionary statements.
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ITEM 1A. RISK FACTORS
Our prospects are subject to certain uncertainties and risks. Our future results could differ materially from current results, and our actual results could differ materially from those projected in forward-looking statements as a result of certain risk factors. These risk factors include, but are not limited to, those set forth below, other one-time events, and important factors disclosed previously and from time to time in our other filings with the SEC.
REAL ESTATE AND OPERATIONS RISKS

General economic conditions and the concentration of our properties in Florida, Michigan, Texas, and California may affect our ability to generate sufficient revenue.

The market and economic conditions in our current markets generally, and specifically in metropolitan areas of our current markets, may significantly affect manufactured home occupancy or rental rates. Occupancy and rental rates, in turn, may significantly affect our revenues, and if our communities do not generate revenues sufficient to meet our operating expenses, including debt service and capital expenditures, our cash flow and ability to pay or refinance our debt obligations could be adversely affected. We derive significant amounts of our rental income from properties located in Florida, Michigan, Texas, and California.

As of December 31, 2018, 1242019, 125 properties, representing approximately 34.131.6 percent of developed sites, are located in Florida; 7072 properties, representing approximately 21.120.2 percent of developed sites, are located in Michigan; 23 properties, representing approximately 6.86.5 percent of developed sites, are located in Texas; and 3031 properties, representing approximately 6.05.6 percent of developed sites, are located in California. As a result of the geographic concentration of our Properties in Florida, Michigan, Texas and California, we are exposed to the risks of downturns in local economies or other local real estate market conditions which could adversely affect occupancy rates, rental rates, and property values in these markets.

Our revenue would also be adversely affected if tenants were unable to pay rent or if sites were unable to be rented on favorable terms. If we were unable to promptly relet or renew the leases for a significant number of the sites, or if the rental rates upon such renewal or reletting were significantly lower than expected rates, then our business and results of operations could be adversely affected. In addition, certain expenditures associated with each Property (such as real estate taxes and maintenance costs) generally are not reduced when circumstances cause a reduction in income from the Property. Furthermore, real estate investments are relatively illiquid and, therefore, will tend to limit our ability to vary our portfolio promptly in response to changes in economic or other conditions.

The following factors, among others, may adversely affect the revenues generated by our communities:

the national and local economic climate which may be adversely impacted by, among other factors, plant closings, and industry slowdowns;

local real estate market conditions such as the oversupply of MH and RV sites or a reduction in demand for MH and RV sites in an area;

changes in foreign currency exchange rates, including between the U.S. dollar and each of the Canadian dollar and Australian dollar;

the number of repossessed homes in a particular market;

the lack of an established dealer network;

the rental market which may limit the extent to which rents may be increased to meet increased expenses without decreasing occupancy rates;

the perceptions by prospective tenants of the safety, convenience and attractiveness of our Properties and the neighborhoods where they are located;

zoning or other regulatory restrictions;

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competition from other available MH and RV communities and alternative forms of housing (such as apartment buildings and site-built single-family homes);
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our ability to effectively manage, maintain and insure theour Properties;

increased operating costs, including insurance premiums, real estate taxes, and utilities; and

the enactment of rent control laws or laws taxing the owners of manufactured homes.

Competition affects occupancy levels and rents which could adversely affect our revenues.

Our Properties are located in developed areas that include other MH and RV community properties.communities. The number of competitive MH and RV community propertiescommunities in a particular area could have a material adverse effect on our ability to lease sites and increase rents charged at our Properties or at any newly acquired properties. We may be competing with others with greater resources and whose officers and directors have more experience than our officers and directors. In addition, other forms of multi‑family residential properties, such as private and federally funded or assisted multi-family housing projects and single‑family housing, provide housing alternatives to potential tenants of MH and RV communities.

Our ability to sell or lease manufactured homes may be affected by various factors, which may in turn adversely affect our profitability.

SHS operates in the manufactured home market offering manufactured home sales and leasing services to tenants and prospective tenants of our communities. The market for the sale and lease of manufactured homes may be adversely affected by the following factors:

downturns in economic conditions which adversely impact the housing market;

an oversupply of, or a reduced demand for, manufactured homes;

the difficulty facing potential purchasers in obtaining affordable financing as a result of heightened lending criteria; and

an increase or decrease in the rate of manufactured home repossessions which provide aggressively priced competition to new manufactured home sales.

Any of the above listed factors could adversely impact our rate of manufactured home sales and leases, which would result in a decrease in profitability.

The cyclical and seasonal nature of the MH and the RV industries may lead to fluctuations in our operating results.

The MH and RV markets can experience cycles of growth and downturn due to seasonality patterns. In the MHRV market, certain propertiesProperties maintain higher occupancy during the summer months, while certain other propertiesProperties maintain higher occupancy during the winter months. The RV market typically shows a decline in demand over the winter months, yet usually produces higher growth in the spring and summer months due to higher use by vacationers. Our results on a quarterly basis can fluctuate due to this cyclicality and seasonality.

We may not be able to integrate or finance our acquisitions and our acquisitions may not perform as expected.

We have acquired and intend to continue to selectively acquire MH and RV properties. Our acquisition activities and their success are subject to the following risks:

we may be unable to acquire a desired property because of competition from other well-capitalized real estate investors, including both publicly traded REITs and institutional investment funds;

even if we enter into an acquisition agreement for a property, it is usually subject to customary conditions to closing, including completion of due diligence investigations to our satisfaction, which may not be satisfied;

even if we are able to acquire a desired property, competition from other real estate investors may significantly increase the purchase price;
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we may be unable to finance acquisitions on favorable terms;

acquired properties may fail to perform as expected;

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acquired properties may be located in new markets where we face risks associated with a lack of market knowledge or understanding of the local economy, lack of business relationships in the area, and unfamiliarity with local governmental and permitting procedures; and

we may be unable to quickly and efficiently integrate new acquisitions, particularly acquisitions of portfolios of properties, into our existing operations.

If any of the above risks occur, our business and results of operations could be adversely affected.

In addition, we may acquire properties subject to liabilities and without any recourse,we may be left with no, or with only limited, recourse, with respect to unknown liabilities. As a result, if a liability werewe may have to bepay substantial sums to settle any liabilities asserted against us based upon ownership of thosenewly acquired properties, we might have to pay substantial sums to settle it, which could adversely affect our cash flow.

Increases in taxes and regulatory compliance costs may reduce our results of operations.

Costs resulting from changes in real estate laws, income taxes, service or other taxes, generally are not passed through to tenants under leases and may adversely affect our results of operations and financial condition. Similarly, changes in laws increasing the potential liability for environmental conditions existing on propertiesProperties or increasing the restrictions on discharges or other conditions may result in significant unanticipated expenditures, which would adversely affect our business and results of operations.

We may not be able to integrate or finance our expansion and development activities.

We engage in the construction and development of new communities or expansion of existing communities and intend to continue to engage in the development and construction business in the future. Our construction and development pipeline may be exposed to the following risks which are in addition to those risks associated with the ownership and operation of established MH and RV communities:

we may not be able to obtain financing with favorable terms for community development which may make us unable to proceed with the development;

we may be unable to obtain, or face delays in obtaining, necessary zoning, building and other governmental permits and authorizations, which could result in increased costs and delays, and even require us to abandon development of the community entirely if we are unable to obtain such permits or authorizations;

we may abandon development opportunities that we have already begun to explore and as a result we may not recover expenses already incurred in connection with exploring such development opportunities;

we may be unable to complete construction and lease‑up of a community on schedule resulting in increased debt service expense and construction costs;

we may incur construction and development costs for a community which exceed our original estimates due to increased materials, labor or other costs, which could make completion of the community uneconomical and we may not be able to increase rents to compensate for the increase in development costs which may impact our profitability;

we may be unable to secure long‑term financing on completion of development resulting in increased debt service and lower profitability; and

occupancy rates and rents at a newly developed community may fluctuate depending on several factors, including market and economic conditions, which may result in the community not being profitable.

If any of the above risks occur, our business and results of operations could be adversely affected.

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Rent control legislation may harm our ability to increase rents.

State and local rent control laws in certain jurisdictions may limit our ability to increase rents and to recover increases in operating expenses and the costs of capital improvements. Enactment of such laws has been considered from time to time in other jurisdictions. Certain Properties are located, and we may purchase additional properties, in markets that are either subject to rent control or in which rent-limiting legislation exists or may be enacted.

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Legislative requirements can limit accessibility of affordable financing for potential manufactured home buyers.

Legislation impacting third party loan originators, consumer protection laws and lender requirements to investigate a borrower's creditworthiness may restrict access ofto affordable chattel financing to potential manufactured home buyers.

We may be subject to environmental liability.

Under various federal, state and local laws, ordinances and regulations, an owner or operator of real estate is liable for the costs of removal or remediation of certain hazardous substances at, on, under or in such property. Such laws often impose liability without regard to whether the owner knew of, or was responsible for, the presence of such hazardous substances. The presence of such substances, or the failure to properly remediate such substances, may adversely affect the owner’s ability to sell or rent the property, to borrow using the property as collateral or to develop the property. Persons who arrange for the disposal or treatment of hazardous substances also may be liable for the costs of removal or remediation of such substances at a disposal or treatment facility owned or operated by another person. In addition, certain environmental laws impose liability for the management and disposal of asbestos‑containing materials and for the release of such materials into the air. These laws may provide forpermit third parties to seek recovery from owners or operators of real properties for personal injury associated with asbestos‑containing materials. In connection with the ownership, operation, management, and development of real properties, we may be considered an owner or operator of such properties and, therefore, are potentially liable for removal or remediation costs, and also may be liable for governmental fines and injuries to persons and property. When we arrange for the treatment or disposal of hazardous substances at landfills or other facilities owned by other persons, we may be liable for the removal or remediation costs at such facilities.

All ofWe subject our Properties have been subject to a Phase I or similar environmental audit (which involves general inspections without soil sampling or ground water analysis) completed by independent environmental consultants. These environmental audits have not revealed any significant environmental liability that would have a material adverse effect on our business. These audits cannot reflect conditions arising after the studies were completed, and no assurances can be given that existing environmental studies reveal all environmental liabilities, that any prior owner or operator of a property or neighboring owner or operator did not create any material environmental condition not known to us, or that a material environmental condition does not otherwise exist as to any one or more Properties.

Cybersecurity breaches and other disruptions could compromise our information and expose us to liability, which would cause our business and reputation to suffer.

We rely intensively on information technology to account for tenant transactions, manage the privacy of tenant data, communicate internally and externally, and analyze our financial and operating results. In the ordinary course of our business, we collect and store sensitive data, including our proprietary business information and that of our tenants, clients, vendors and employees in our facilities and on our network. In addition, we engage third party service providers that may have access to such information in connection with providing necessary information technology and security and other business services to us. This information may include personally identifiable information such as social security numbers, banking information and credit card information.

We address potential breaches or disclosure of this confidential information by implementing a variety of security measures intended to protect the confidentiality and security of this information including (among others) engaging reputable, recognized firms to help us design and maintain our information technology and data security systems, including testing and verification of their proper and secure operations on a periodic basis. We also maintain cyber risk insurance to provide some coverage for certain risks arising out of data and network breaches.

Despite our security measures, our information technology and infrastructure, as well as that of our third-party vendors, may be vulnerable to attacks by hackers (including through malware, ransomware, computer viruses, and email phishing schemes) or breached due to employee error, malfeasance, fire, flood or other physical event, or other disruptions. Any such breach or disruption could compromise our or a third-party vendor’s network and the information stored there could be accessed, publicly disclosed, lost or stolen. Any such access, disclosure or other loss of information could:

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result in legal claims or proceedings,
disrupt our operations, including our ability to service our tenants and our ability to analyze and report our financial and operating results,
decrease our revenues,
damage our reputation,
cause a loss of confidence,
increase our insurance premiums, or
have other material adverse effects on our business.
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We are dependent on continuous access to the Internetinternet to use our cloud-based applications. Damage to, or failure toof our information technology systems, including as a result of any of the reasons described above, could adversely affect our results of operations as we may incur significant costs or data loss. We continually assess new and enhanced information technology solutions to manage the risk of system failure or interruption.

Expanding social media platforms present new challenges.

Social media outlets continue to grow and expand, which presents us with new risks. Adverse content about the Companyus and our Properties on social media platforms could result in damage to our reputation or brand. Improper posts by employees or others could result in disclosure of confidential or proprietary information regarding our operations.

Losses in excess of our insurance coverage or uninsured losses could adversely affect our operating results and cash flow.

We have a significant concentration of properties in Florida and California, where natural disasters or other catastrophic events such as hurricanes, earthquakes, floods and wildfires could negatively impact our operating results and cash flows. We maintain comprehensive liability, fire, property, business interruption, general liability, and (where appropriate) flood and earthquake insurance, provided by reputable companies with commercially reasonable deductibles and limits. We believe the policy specifications and insured limits are appropriate and adequate given the relative risk of loss, the cost of the coverage and industry practice. However, certain types of losses including, but not limited to, riots or acts of war, may be either uninsurable or not economically insurable. In the event an uninsured loss occurs, we could lose both our investment in and anticipated profits and cash flow from the affected property. We would also continue to be obligated to repay any mortgage indebtedness or other obligations related to the community. If an uninsured liability to a third party were to occur, we would incur the cost of defense and settlement with, or court ordered damages to, that third party. A significant uninsured property or liability loss could have a material adverse effect on our business and our financial condition and results of operations.

Investments through joint ventures involve risks not present for Properties in which we are the sole owner.

We have invested and may continue to invest as a joint venture partner in joint ventures. These investments involve risks, including, but not limited to, the possibility the other joint venture partner may have business goals which are inconsistent with ours, possess the ability to take or force action or withhold consent contrary to our requests, fail to provide capital or fulfill its obligations, or become insolvent and require us to assume and fulfill the joint venture’s financial obligations. Conflicts arising between us and our joint venture partners may be difficult to manage or resolve and it could be difficult to manage or otherwise monitor the existing business arrangements. We and our joint venture partners may each have the right to initiate a buy-sell arrangement, which could cause us to sell our interest, or acquire a joint venture partner’s interest, at a time when we otherwise would not have entered into such a transaction. Each joint venture agreement is individually negotiated, and our ability to operate, finance, or dispose of a Property in our sole discretion may be limited to varying degrees depending on the terms of the applicable joint venture agreement.

Climate change may adversely affect our business.

To the extent that significant changes in the climate occur in areas where our Properties are located, we may experience extreme weather and changes in precipitation and temperature, all of which may result in physical damage to or a decrease in demand for properties located in these areas or affected by these conditions. Should the impact of climate change be material in nature, including significant property damage to or destruction of our Properties, or occur for lengthy periods of time, our financial condition or results of operations may be adversely affected. In addition, changes in federal, state and local legislation and regulation based on concerns about climate change could result in increased capital expenditures on our Properties (for example, to improve their energy efficiency and/or resistance to inclement weather) without a corresponding increase in revenue, resulting in adverse impacts to our net income.
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FINANCING AND INVESTMENT RISKS

Our significant amount of debt could limit our operational flexibility or otherwise adversely affect our financial condition.

We have a significant amount of debt. As of December 31, 2018,2019, we had approximately $3.1$3.4 billion of total debt outstanding, consisting of approximately $2.8$3.2 billion in debt that is collateralized by mortgage liens on 185188 of the Properties, $107.7 million that is secured by collateralized receivables, $128.0$183.9 million on our lines of credit, $35.3$35.2 million of mandatorily redeemable interest, and $37.3$34.7 million that is unsecured debt.preferred OP units - mandatorily redeemable. If we fail to meet our obligations under our secured debt, the lenders would be entitled to foreclose on all or some of the collateral securing such debt which could have a material adverse effect on us and our ability to make expected distributions, and could threaten our continued viability.

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We are subject to the risks normally associated with debt financing, including the following risks:

our cash flow may be insufficient to meet required debt payments, of principal and interest, or require uswe may need to dedicate a substantial portion of our cash flow to pay our debt and the interest associated with our debt rather than to other areas of our business;

our existing indebtedness may limit our operating flexibility due to financial and other restrictive covenants, including restrictions on incurring additional debt;

it may be more difficult for us to obtain additional financing in the future for our operations, working capital requirements, capital expenditures, debt service or other general requirements;

we may be more vulnerable in the event of adverse economic and industry conditions or a downturn in our business;

we may be placed at a competitive disadvantage compared to our competitors that have less debt; and

we may not be able to refinance at all or on favorable terms, as our debt matures.

If any of the above risks occurred, our financial condition and results of operations could be materially adversely affected.

We may incur substantially more debt, which would increase the risks associated with our substantial leverage.

Despite our current indebtedness levels, we may incur substantially more debt in the future. If new debt is added to our current debt levels, an even greater portion of our cash flow will be needed to satisfy our debt service obligations. As a result, the related risks that we now face could intensify and increase the risk of a default on our indebtedness.

The phase out of the London Interbank Offered Rate (LIBOR), or the replacement of LIBOR with a different reference rate, may adversely affect interest rates.

On July 27, 2017, the Financial Conduct Authority (the authority that regulates LIBOR) announced that it would phase out LIBOR by the end of 2021. Many of our Property-level real estate loans have fixed interest rates which will not be impacted by any change in LIBOR. Certain of our other loans, including a majority of the borrowings under our $750.0 million senior credit facility, have interest rates based on LIBOR. Our senior credit facility provides that we and the administrative agent for the lenders will negotiate an interest rate to replace the current LIBOR-based rate, and if the parties do not negotiate a replacement interest rate, the new rate will be based on the prime rate. The replacement of LIBOR with an alternative rate or benchmark may adversely affect our interest rates and result in higher borrowing costs. This could materially and adversely affect our results of operations, cash flows and liquidity. 

TAX RISKS

We may suffer adverse tax consequences and be unable to attract capital if we fail to qualify as a REIT.

We believe that since our taxable year ended December 31, 1994, we have been organized and operated, and intend to continue to operate, so as to qualify for taxation as a REIT under the Code. Although we believe that we have been and will continue to be organized and have operated and will continue to operate so as to qualify for taxation as a REIT, we cannot be assured that we have been or will continue to be organized or operated inqualify as a manner to so qualify or remain so qualified.REIT. Qualification as a REIT involves the satisfaction of numerous requirements (some on an annual and quarterly basis) established under highly technical and complex Code provisions for which there are only limited judicial or administrative interpretations and involves the determination of various factual matters and circumstances not entirely within our control. In addition, frequent changes occur in the area of REIT taxation, which require us to continually monitor our tax status.

If we fail to qualify as a REIT in any taxable year, our taxable income could be subject to U.S. federal income tax at regular corporate rates. Moreover, unless entitled to relief under certain statutory provisions, we also would be disqualified from treatment as a REIT for the four taxable years following the year during which qualification was lost. This treatment would reduce our net earnings available for investment or distribution to stockholders because of the additional tax liability to us for the years involved. In addition, distributions to stockholders would no longer be required to be made.

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Federal, state and foreign income tax laws governing REITs and related interpretations may change at any time, and any such legislative or other actions affecting REITs could have a negative effect on us.
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Federal, state and foreign income tax laws governing REITs, or the administrative interpretations of those laws may be amended at any time. Federal, state, and foreign tax laws are under constant review by persons involved in the legislative process, at the Internal Revenue Service and the U.S. Department of the Treasury, and at various state and foreign tax authorities. Changes to tax laws, regulations, or administrative interpretations, which may be applied retroactively, could adversely affect us. We cannot predict whether, when, in what forms, or with what effective dates, the tax laws, regulations, and administrative interpretations applicable to us may be changed. Accordingly, we cannot assert that any such change will not significantly affect either our ability to qualify for taxation as a REIT or the income tax consequences to us.

Outside of the U.S. federal tax legislation enacted into law on December 22, 2017 informally titled theThe Tax Cut and Jobs Act (the “Tax Act”), there has been no new major changes to the taxation of individuals and businesses was enacted into law in 2018. However, theDecember 2017. The overall impact of the Tax Act is uncertain. In addition, there are a significant number of technical issues clarified with respect to the interpretation and application of the Tax Act which may or may not be clarified by future guidance. It is not possible to predict whether such clarifications will result in adverse consequences to the Company or its stockholders. Stockholders are urged to consult their tax advisors with respect to the effects of the Tax Act and any other potential amendments to relevant tax laws.

We intend for the Operating Partnership to be taxed as a partnership, but we cannot guarantee that it will qualify.

We believe that the Operating Partnership has been organized as a partnership and will qualify for treatment as such under the Code. However, if the Operating Partnership is deemed to be a “publicly traded partnership,” it will be treated as a corporation instead of a partnership for federal income tax purposes unless at least 90 percent of its income is qualifying income as defined in the Code. The income requirements applicable to REITs and the definition of “qualifying income” for purposes of this 90 percent test are similar in most respects. Qualifying income for the 90 percent test generally includes passive income, such as specified types of real property rents, dividends, and interest. We believe that the Operating Partnership has and will continue to meet this 90 percent test, but we cannot guarantee that it has or will. If the Operating Partnership were to be taxed as a regular corporation, it would incur substantial tax liabilities, we would fail to qualify as a REIT for federal income tax purposes, and our ability to raise additional capital could be significantly impaired.

Partnership tax audit rules could have a material adverse effect on us.

The Bipartisan Budget Act of 2015 changed the rules applicable to U.S. federal income tax audits of partnerships. Under the rules, effective for taxable years beginning in 2018, among other changes and subject to certain exceptions, any audit adjustment to items of income, gain, loss, deduction, or credit of a partnership (and a partner’s allocable share thereof) is determined, and taxes, interest, and penalties attributable thereto are assessed and collected, at the partnership level. Unless the partnership makes an election permitted under the new law or takes certain steps to require the partners to pay their tax on their allocable shares of the adjustment, it is possible that partnerships in which we directly or indirectly invest, including the Operating Partnership, would be required to pay additional taxes, interest and penalties as a result of an audit adjustment. We, as a direct or indirect partner of the Operating Partnership and other partnerships, could be required to bear the economic burden of those taxes, interest, and penalties even though the Company, as a REIT, may not otherwise have been required to pay additional corporate-level tax. The changes created by these rules are significant for collecting tax in partnership audits and, accordingly, there can be no assurance that these rules will not have a material adverse effect on us.

Our ability to accumulate cash may be restricted due to certain REIT distribution requirements.

In order to qualify as a REIT, we must distribute to our stockholders at least 90 percent of our REIT taxable income (calculated without any deduction for dividends paid and excluding net capital gain) and to avoid federal income taxation, our distributions must not be less than 100 percent of our REIT taxable income, including capital gains. As a result of the distribution requirements, we do not expect to accumulate significant amounts of cash. Accordingly, these distributions could significantly reduce the cash available to us in subsequent periods to fund our operations and future growth.

Our taxable REIT subsidiaries, or TRSs, are subject to special rules that may result in increased taxes.

As a REIT, we must pay a 100 percent penalty tax on certain payments that we receive if the economic arrangements between us and any of our TRSs are not comparable to similar arrangements between unrelated parties. The Internal Revenue Service may successfully assert that the economic arrangements of any of our inter-company transactions are not comparable to similar arrangements between unrelated parties. This would result in unexpected tax liability which would adversely affect our cash flows.

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Dividends payable by REITs do not qualify for the reduced tax rates applicable to certain dividends.

The maximum federal tax rate for certain qualified dividends payable to domestic stockholders that are individuals, trusts and estates is 20 percent. Dividends payable by REITs, however, are generally not eligible for this reduced rate, although the new Tax Act permits a 20 percent deduction equal to the amount of qualifying REIT dividends received, thus bringing the maximum federal tax rate on qualifying REIT dividends to 29.6 percent. While this rule does not adversely affect the taxation of REITs or dividends paid by REITs, the more favorable rates applicable to regular qualified corporate dividends could cause investors who are individuals, trusts and estates to perceive investments in REITs to be relatively less competitive than investments in stock of non-REIT corporations that pay dividends, which could adversely affect the comparative value of the stock of REITs, including our common stock and preferred stock.

Prospective investors should consult their own tax advisors regarding the effect of this change on their effective tax rate with respect to REIT dividends.
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Complying with REIT requirements may cause us to forego otherwise attractive opportunities.

To remain qualified as a REIT for federal income tax purposes, we must continually satisfy requirements and tests under the tax law concerning, among other things, the sources of our income, the nature and diversification of our assets, the amounts we distribute to our stockholders and the ownership of our stock. In order to meet these tests, we may be required to forego or limit attractive business or investment opportunities and distribute all of our net earnings rather than invest in attractive opportunities or hold larger liquid reserves. Therefore, compliance with the REIT requirements may hinder our ability to operate solely to maximize profits.

Our ability to use net operating loss carryforwards to reduce future tax payments may be limited if we experience a change in ownership, or if taxable income does not reach sufficient levels.

Under Section 382 of the Code, if a corporation undergoes an “ownership change” (generally defined as a greater than 50 percent change (by value) in its equity ownership over a rolling three-year period), the corporation’s ability to use its pre-ownership-change net operating loss carryforwards to offset its post-ownership-change income may be limited. We may experience ownership changes in the future. If an ownership change were to occur, we would be limited in the portion of net operating loss carryforwards that we could use in the future to offset taxable income for U.S. federal income tax purposes.

BUSINESS RISKS

Some of our directors and officers may have conflicts of interest with respect to certain related party transactions and other business interests.

Lease of Executive Offices. Gary A. Shiffman, together with certain of his family members, indirectly owns an equity interest of approximately 28.1 percent in American Center LLC, the entity from which we lease office space for our principal executive offices. Each of Brian M. Hermelin, Ronald A. Klein and Arthur A. Weiss indirectlyowns a less than one percent interest in American Center LLC. Mr. Shiffman is our Chief Executive Officer and Chairman of the Board. Each of Mr. Hermelin, Mr. Klein and Mr. Weiss is a director of the Company. Under this agreement, we lease approximately 103,100 rentable square feet of permanent space. The initial term of the lease is until October 31, 2026, and the average gross base rent is $18.55$18.95 per square foot until October 31, 20192020 with graduated rental increases thereafter. Each of Mr. Shiffman, Mr. Hermelin, Mr. Klein and Mr. Weiss may have a conflict of interest with respect to his obligations as our officer and/or director and his ownership interest in American Center LLC.

Legal Counsel. During 2015-2018,2017-2019, Jaffe, Raitt, Heuer, & Weiss, Professional Corporation acted as our general counsel and represented us in various matters. Arthur A. Weiss is the Chairman of the Board of Directors and a shareholder of such firm. We incurred legal fees and expenses owed to Jaffe, Raitt, Heuer, & Weiss of approximately $11.1 million, $7.1 million $5.0 million and $8.0$5 million in the years ended December 31, 2019, 2018 and 2017, respectively.

Use of Airplane. Gary A. Shiffman is the beneficial owner of an airplane that we use from time to time for business purposes. During the year ended December 31, 2019, we paid $0.4 million for the use of the airplane. Mr. Shiffman may have a conflict of interest with respect to his obligations as our officer and 2016, respectively.director and his ownership interest in the airplane.

Telephone Services. Brian M. Hermelin is a principal and a beneficial owner of an entity that installs and maintains emergency telephone systems at our Properties. During the year ended December 31, 2019, we paid $0.2 million for these services. Mr. Hermelin may have a conflict of interest with respect to his obligations as our director and his position with and ownership interest in the provider of these services.
SUN COMMUNITIES, INC.

Tax Consequences Upon Sale of Properties. Gary A. Shiffman holds limited partnership interests in the Operating Partnership which were received in connection with the contribution of properties from partnerships previously affiliated with him. Prior to any redemption of these limited partnership interests for our common stock, Mr. Shiffman will have tax consequences different from those on us andthan our public stockholders upon the sale of any of these partnerships. Therefore, we and Mr. Shiffman may have different objectives regarding the appropriate pricing and timing of any sale of those properties.

We rely on key management.

We are dependent on the efforts of our executive officers, Gary A. Shiffman, John B. McLaren, Karen J. Dearing, and Jonathan M. Colman. The loss of services of one or more of these executive officers could have a temporary adverse effect on our operations. We do not currently maintain or contemplate obtaining any “key-man” life insurance on the Executive Officers.

Certain provisions in our governing documents may make it difficult for a third-party to acquire us.

9.8 percent Ownership Limit. In order to qualify and maintain our qualification as a REIT, not more than 50 percent of the outstanding shares of our capital stock may be owned, directly or indirectly, by five or fewer individuals. Thus, ownership of more than 9.8 percent, in number of shares or value, of the issued and outstanding shares of our capital stock by any single stockholder has been restricted, with certain exceptions, for the purpose of maintaining our qualification as a REIT under the Code. Such restrictions in our charter do not apply to Milton M. Shiffman, Gary A. Shiffman, and Robert B. Bayer; trustees, personal representatives and agents to the extent acting for them or their respective estates; or certain of their respective relatives.
SUN COMMUNITIES, INC.


The 9.8 percent ownership limit, as well as our ability to issue additional shares of common stock or shares of other stock (which may have rights and preferences over the common stock), may discourage a change of control of the Company and may also: (1)(a) deter tender offers for the common stock, which offers may be advantageous to stockholders; and (2)(b) limit the opportunity for stockholders to receive a premium for their common stock that might otherwise exist if an investor were attempting to assemble a block of common stock in excess of 9.8 percent of our outstanding shares or otherwise effect a change of control of the Company.

Preferred Stock. Our charter authorizes the Board of Directors to issue up to 20,000,000 shares of preferred stock, none of which is currently outstanding, and to establish the preferences and rights (including the right to vote and the right to convert into shares of common stock) of any shares issued.

Our charter designates 6,364,770 shares of preferred stock as 6.50% Series A-4 Cumulative Convertible Preferred Stock (“Series A-4 preferred stock”), $0.01 par value per share of which 1,062,789 shares were issued and outstanding as of December 31, 2018. The power to issue preferred stock could have the effect of delaying or preventing a change in control of the Company even if a change in control were in the stockholders’ interest.

Subject to certain limitations, upon written notice to us, each holder of shares of Series A-4 preferred stock at its option may convert each share of Series A-4 preferred stock held by it for that number of shares of our common stock equal to the quotient obtained by dividing $25.00 by the then-applicable conversion price. The initial conversion price is $56.25, so initially each share of Series A-4 preferred stock is convertible into approximately 0.4444 shares of common stock. The conversion price is subject to adjustment upon various events. At our option, instead of issuing the shares of common stock to the converting holder of Series A-4 preferred stock as described above, we may make a cash payment to the converting holder with respect to each share of Series A-4 preferred stock the holder desires to convert equal to the fair market value of one share of our common stock. If, at any time after November 26, 2019, the volume weighted average of the daily volume weighted average price of a share of our common stock on the New York Stock Exchange (“NYSE”) equals or exceeds 115.5 percent of the then prevailing conversion price for at least 20 trading days in a period of 30 consecutive trading days, then, within 10 days thereafter, upon written notice to the holders thereof, we may convert each outstanding share of Series A-4 preferred stock into that number of shares of common stock equal to the quotient obtained by dividing $25.00 by the then prevailing conversion price.

These features of the Series A-4 preferred stock may have the effect of inhibiting a third-party from making an acquisition proposal for the Company or of delaying, deferring or preventing a change of control of the Company under circumstances that otherwise could provide the holders of our common stock and preferred stock with the opportunity to realize a premium over the then-current market price or that stockholders may otherwise believe is in their best interests.

Certain provisions of Maryland law could inhibit changes in control, which may discourage third parties from conducting a tender offer or seeking other change of control transactions that could involve a premium price for our common stock or that our stockholders otherwise believe to be in their best interest.

Certain provisions of the Maryland General Corporation Law (“MGCL”), may have the effect of inhibiting a third-party from making a proposal to acquire us or of impeding a change of control under circumstances that otherwise could provide the holders of shares of our capital stock with the opportunity to realize a premium over the then-prevailing market price of such shares, including:

“business combination” provisions that, subject to limitations, prohibit certain business combinations between us and an “interested stockholder” (defined generally as any person who beneficially owns 10 percent or more of the voting power of our shares or an affiliate thereof or an affiliate or associate of ours who was the beneficial owner, directly or indirectly, of 10 percent or more of the voting power of our then outstanding voting stock at any time within the two-year period immediately prior to the date in question) for five years after the most recent date on which the stockholder becomes an interested stockholder, and thereafter impose fair price and/or supermajority and stockholder voting requirements on these combinations; and

“control share” provisions that provide that “control shares” of our company (defined as shares that, when aggregated with other shares controlled by the stockholder, entitle the stockholder to exercise one of three increasing ranges of voting power in electing directors) acquired in a “control share acquisition” (defined as the direct or indirect acquisition of ownership or control of issued and outstanding “control shares”) have no voting rights except to the extent approved by our stockholders by the affirmative vote of at least two-thirds of all the votes entitled to be cast on the matter, excluding all interested shares.

SUN COMMUNITIES, INC.

The provisions of the MGCL relating to business combinations do not apply, however, to business combinations that are approved or exempted by our Board of Directors prior to the time that the interested stockholder becomes an interested stockholder. As permitted by the statute, our Board of Directors has by resolution exempted Milton M. Shiffman, Robert B. Bayer, and Gary A. Shiffman, their affiliates and all persons acting in concert or as a group with the foregoing, from the business combination provisions of the MGCL and, consequently, the five-year prohibition and the supermajority vote requirements will not apply to business combinations between us and these persons.
SUN COMMUNITIES, INC.

As a result, these persons may be able to enter into business combinations with us that may not be in the best interests of our stockholders without compliance by our Companycompany with the supermajority vote requirements and the other provisions of the statute.

Also, pursuant to a provision in our bylaws, we have exempted any acquisition of our stock from the control share provisions of the MGCL. However, our Board of Directors may by amendment to our bylaws opt in tointo the control share provisions of the MGCL at any time in the future.

Additionally, Subtitle 8 of Title 3 of the MGCL permits our Board of Directors, without stockholder approval and regardless of what is currently provided in our charter or bylaws, to elect to be subject to certain provisions relating to corporate governance that may have the effect of delaying, deferring or preventing a transaction or a change of control of our company that might involve a premium to the market price of our common stock or otherwise be in our stockholders’ best interests. These provisions include a classified board; two-thirds vote to remove a director; that the number of directors may only be fixed by the Board of Directors; that vacancies on the board as a result of an increase in the size of the board or due to death, resignation or removal can only be filled by the board, and the director appointed to fill the vacancy serves for the remainder of the full term of the class of director in which the vacancy occurred; and a majority requirement for the calling by stockholders of special meetings. Other than a classified board, the filling of vacancies as a result of the removal of a director and a majority requirement for the calling by stockholders of special meetings, we are already subject to these provisions, either by provisions of our charter and bylaws unrelated to Subtitle 8 or by reason of an election to be subject to certain provisions of Subtitle 8. In the future, our Board of Directors may elect, without stockholder approval, to make us subject to the provisions of Subtitle 8 to which we are not currently subject.

Our Board of Directors has power to adopt, alter or repeal any provision of our bylaws or make new bylaws, provided, however, that our stockholders may alter or repeal any provision of our bylaws and adopt new bylaws if any such alteration, repeal or adoption is approved by the affirmative vote of a majority of all votes entitled to be cast on the matter.

Changes in our investment and financing policies may be made without stockholder approval.

Our investment and financing policies, and our policies with respect to certain other activities, including our growth, debt, capitalization, distributions, REIT status, and operating policies, are determined by our Board of Directors. Although the Board of Directors has no present intention to do so, these policies may be amended or revised from time to time at the discretion of the Board of Directors without notice to or a vote of our stockholders. Accordingly, stockholders may not have control over changes in our policies and changes in our policies may not fully serve the interests of all stockholders.

Substantial sales or issuances of our common or preferred stock could cause our stock price to fall.

The sale or issuance of substantial amounts of our common stock or preferred stock, whether directly by us or in the secondary market, the perception that such sales could occur or the availability of future issuances of shares of our common stock, preferred stock, OP units or other securities convertible into or exchangeable or exercisable for our common stock or preferred stock, could materially and adversely affect the market price of our common stock or preferred stock and our ability to raise capital through future offerings of equity or equity-related securities. In addition, we may issue capital stock that is senior to our common stock in the future for a number of reasons, including to finance our operations and business strategy, to adjust our ratio of debt to equity or for other reasons.

Based on the applicable conversion ratios then in effect, as of February 14, 2019,13, 2020, in the future we may issue to the limited partners of the Operating Partnership, up to approximately 2.74.4 million shares of our common stock in exchange for their OP units. The limited partners may sell such shares pursuant to registration rights, if available, or an available exemption from registration. As of February 14, 2019,13, 2020, options to purchase 3,0001,500 shares of our common stock were outstanding under our equity incentive plans, and we currently have the authority to issue restricted stock awards or options to purchase up to an additional 1,330,6681,041,758 shares of our common stock pursuant to our equity incentive plans. In addition, we entered into an At-the-Market Offering Sales Agreement in July 2017 to issue and sell shares of common stock. As of February 14, 2019,13, 2020, our Board of Directors had authorized us to sell an additional $286.3 million of common stock under this agreement. No prediction can be made regarding the effect that future sales of shares of our common stock or our other securities will have on the market price of shares.
SUN COMMUNITIES, INC.


An increase in interest rates may have an adverse effect on the price of our common stock.

One of the factors that may influence the price of our common stock in the public market will be the annual distributions to stockholders relative to the prevailing market price of the common stock. An increase in market interest rates may tend to make the common stock less attractive relative to other investments, which could adversely affect the market price of our common stock.
SUN COMMUNITIES, INC.

We may be adversely impacted by fluctuations in foreign currency exchange rates.

Our current and future investments in and operations of Canadian and Australian properties are or will be exposed to the effects of changes in the Canadian dollar and Australian dollar, respectively, against the U.S. dollar. Changes in foreign currency exchange rates cannot always be predicted; as a result, substantial unfavorable changes in exchange rates could have a material adverse effect on our financial condition and results of operations.

The volatility in economic conditions and the financial markets may adversely affect our industry, business and financial performance.

The U.S. interest rate environment, oil price fluctuations, uncertain tax and economic plans in the U.S. executive and legislative branches, and turmoil in emerging markets have created uncertainty and volatility in the U.S. and global economies. Continued economic uncertainty, both nationally and internationally, causes increased volatility in investor confidence thereby creating similar volatility in the availability of both debt and equity capital in the financial markets. The other risk factors presented in this Annual Report on Form 10-K discuss some of the principal risks inherent in our business, including liquidity risks, operational risks, and credit risks, among others. Turbulence in financial markets accentuates each of these risks and magnifies their potential effect on us. If such volatility is experienced in future periods, there could be an adverse impact on our access to capital, stock price and our operating results.

Our business operations may not generate the cash needed to make distributions on our capital stock or to service our indebtedness, and we may adjust our common stock distribution policy.

Our ability to make distributions on our common stock and preferred stock, and payments on our indebtedness and to fund planned capital expenditures will depend on our ability to generate cash in the future. We cannot assure you that our business will generate sufficient cash flow from operations or that future borrowings will be available to us in an amount sufficient to enable us to make distributions on our common stock or preferred stock, to pay our indebtedness or to fund our other liquidity needs.

The decision to declare and pay distributions on shares of our common stock in the future, as well as the timing, amount and composition of any such future distributions, will be at the sole discretion of our Board of Directors in light of conditions then existing, including our earnings, financial condition, capital requirements, debt maturities, the availability of debt and equity capital, applicable REIT and legal restrictions, and the general overall economic conditions and other factors. Any change in our distribution policy could have a material adverse effect on the market price of our common stock.

Our ability to pay distributions is limited by the requirements of Maryland law.

Our ability to pay distributions on our common stock and preferred stock is limited by the laws of Maryland. Under Maryland law, a Maryland corporation generally may not make a distribution if, after giving effect to the distribution, the corporation would not be able to pay its debts as they become due in the usual course of business, or the corporation’s total assets would be less than the sum of its total liabilities plus, unless the corporation’s charter provides otherwise, the amount that would be needed, if the corporation were dissolved at the time of the distribution, to satisfy the preferential rights upon dissolution of stockholders whose preferential rights are superior to those receiving the distribution, provided, however, that a Maryland corporation may make a distribution from: (i)(a) its net earnings for the fiscal year in which the distribution is made; (ii)(b) its net earnings for the preceding fiscal year; or (iii)(c) the sum of its net earnings for its preceding eight fiscal quarters even if, after such distribution, the corporation’s total assets would be less than its total liabilities. Accordingly, we generally may not make a distribution on our common stock or preferred stock if, after giving effect to the distribution, we would not be able to pay our debts as they become due in the usual course of business or, unless paid from one of the permitted sources of net earnings as described above, our total assets would be less than the sum of our total liabilities plus, unless the terms of such class or series of stock provide otherwise, the amount that would be needed to satisfy the preferential rights upon dissolution of the holders of shares of any class or series of stock then outstanding, if any, with preferential rights upon dissolution senior to those of our common stock or, if any, currently outstanding preferred stock.

SUN COMMUNITIES, INC.

We may not be able to pay distributions upon events of default under our financing documents.

Some of our financing documents contain restrictions on distributions upon the occurrence of events of default thereunder. If such an event of default occurs, such as our failure to pay principal at maturity or interest when due for a specified period of time, we would be prohibited from making payments on our common stock and preferred stock.

SUN COMMUNITIES, INC.

Our share price could be volatile and could decline, resulting in a substantial or complete loss on our stockholders’ investment.

The stock markets, including the NYSENew York Stock Exchange (“NYSE”), on which we list our common stock, have experienced significant price and volume fluctuations. As a result, the market price of our common stock and preferred stock could be similarly volatile, and investors in our common stock and preferred stock may experience a decrease in the value of their shares, including decreases unrelated to our operating performance or prospects. The price of our common stock and preferred stock could be subject to wide fluctuations in response to a number of factors, including:

issuances of other equity securities in the future, including new series or classes of preferred stock;

our operating performance and the performance of other similar companies;

our ability to maintain compliance with covenants contained in our debt facilities;

actual or anticipated variations in our operating results, funds from operations, cash flows or liquidity;

changes in expectations of future financial performance or changes in our earnings estimates or those of analysts;

changes in our distribution policy;

publication of research reports about us or the real estate industry generally;

increases in market interest rates that lead purchasers of our common stock and preferred stock to demand a higher dividend yield;

changes in foreign currency exchange rates, including between the U.S. dollar and each of the Canadian dollar and the Australian dollar;

changes in market valuations of similar companies;

adverse market reaction to the amount of our debt outstanding at any time, the amount of our debt maturing in the near-term and medium-term and our ability to refinance our debt, or our plans to incur additional debt in the future;

additions or departures of key management personnel;

speculation in the press or investment community;

equity issuances by us, or share resales by our stockholders or the perception that such issuances or resales may occur;

actions by institutional stockholders; and

general market and economic conditions.

Many of the factors listed above are beyond our control. Those factors may cause the market price of our common stock or preferred stock to decline significantly, regardless of our financial condition, results of operations and prospects. It is impossible to provide any assurance that the market price of our common stock or preferred stock will not fall in the future, and it may be difficult for holders to resell shares of our common stock or preferred stock at prices they find attractive, or at all. In the past, securities class action litigation has often been instituted against companies following periods of volatility in their stock price. This type of litigation could result in substantial costs and divert our management’s attention and resources.
SUN COMMUNITIES, INC.


Our Series A-4 preferred stock has not been rated.

We have not sought to obtain a rating for our Series A-4 preferred stock. No assurance can be given, however, that one or more rating agencies might not independently determine to issue such a rating or that such a rating, if issued, would not adversely affect the market price of the Series A-4 preferred stock. In addition, we may elect in the future to obtain a rating of the Series A-4 preferred stock, which could adversely affect the market price of such preferred stock. Ratings only reflect the views of the rating agency or agencies issuing the ratings and such ratings could be revised downward, placed on a watch list or withdrawn entirely at the discretion of the issuing rating agency if in its judgment circumstances so warrant. Any such downward revision, placing on a watch list or withdrawal of a rating could have an adverse effect on the market price of the Series A-4 preferred stock.

ITEM 1B. UNRESOLVED STAFF COMMENTS
None.


SUN COMMUNITIES, INC.

ITEM 2. PROPERTIES

As of December 31, 2018,2019, the Properties were located throughout the US and in Ontario, Canada and consisted of 230266 MH communities, 110122 RV communities, and 3134 properties containing both MH and RV sites. As of December 31, 2018,2019, the Properties contained an aggregate of 128,454141,293 developed sites comprised of 84,42893,821 developed manufactured home sites, 24,53526,056 annual RV sites (inclusive of both annual and seasonal usage rights), and 19,49121,416 transient RV sites. There are approximately 11,30010,300 additional MH and RV sites suitable for development. Most of the Properties include amenities oriented toward family and retirement living. Of the 371422 Properties, 182194 each have more than 300 developed sites, with the largest having 2,341 developed MH and RV sites. See “Real Estate and Accumulated Depreciation, Schedule III”, included in our Consolidated Financial Statements, for detail on Properties that are encumbered.

As of December 31, 2018,2019, the Properties had an occupancy rate of 96.196.4 percent excluding transient RV sites. Since January 1, 2018,2019, the Properties have averaged an aggregate annual turnover of homes (where the home is moved out of the community) of approximately 2.42.8 percent and an average annual turnover of residents (where the resident-owned home is sold and remains within the community, typically without interruption of rental income) of approximately 7.27.0 percent. The average renewal rate for residents in our Rental Program was 62.363.2 percent for the year ended December 31, 2018.2019.

We believe that our Properties’ high amenity levels, customer service loyalty, and customer retention program contribute to low turnover and generally high occupancy rates. All of the Properties provide residents with attractive amenities with most offering a clubhouse, a swimming pool, and laundry facilities. Many of the Properties offer additional amenities such as sauna/whirlpool spas, tennis courts, shuffleboard, basketball courts, and/or exercise rooms. Many RV communities offer incremental amenities including golf, pro shops, restaurants, zip lines, waterparks, watersports, and thematic experiences.

The Properties are principally located in the Midwestern, Southern, Northeastern, Southeastern regions of the U.S., and Ontario, Canada. We believe that geographic diversification helps to insulate the portfolio from regional economic influences. We have concentrated our properties within certain areas of the regions in order to achieve economies of scale in management and operation.

The following tables set forth certain information relating to the Properties as of December 31, 2018.2019. The occupancy percentage includes MH sites and annual RV sites and excludes transient RV sites.
PropertyMH/RVCityStateMH and Annual RV Sites as of 12/31/18Transient RV Sites as of 12/31/18Occupancy as of 12/31/18Occupancy as of 12/31/17MH/RVCityStateMH and Annual RV Sites as of 12/31/19Transient RV Sites as of 12/31/19Occupancy as of 12/31/19Occupancy as of 12/31/18
UNITED STATES        
MIDWEST        
Michigan        
Academy / West PointMHCantonMI441

97.5% 97.5% MHCantonMI441

98.2% 97.5% 
Allendale Meadows Mobile VillageMHAllendaleMI352

94.9% 96.9% MHAllendaleMI352

98.9% 94.9% 
Alpine Meadows Mobile VillageMHGrand RapidsMI403

98.0% 97.5% MHGrand RapidsMI403

98.3% 98.0% 
Apple Carr VillageMHMuskegonMI680

79.4%
(1) 
84.4%
(1) 
MHMuskegonMI716

78.5%
(1) 
79.4%
(1) 
Arbor WoodsMHYpsilantiMI458

96.1% 75.3% MHYpsilantiMI458

99.1% 96.1% 
Brentwood Mobile VillageMHKentwoodMI195

98.5% 97.4% MHKentwoodMI195

97.4% 98.5% 
Broadview EstatesMHDavisonMI474

82.3% 77.6% 
Brookside VillageMHKentwoodMI196

99.0% 99.0% MHKentwoodMI196

100.0% 99.0% 
Byron Center Mobile VillageMHByron CenterMI143

98.6% 100.0% MHKentwoodMI143

97.9% 98.6% 
Camelot VillaMHMacombMI712

98.6% 99.3% MHMacombMI712

99.0% 98.6% 
Cider Mill CrossingsMHFentonMI570

67.5%
(1) 
74.0%
(1) 
MHFentonMI621

74.6%
(1) 
67.5%
(1) 
Cider Mill VillageMHMiddlevilleMI258

98.4% 98.1% MHMiddlevilleMI258

98.4% 98.4% 
Continental NorthMHDavisonMI474

77.6% 73.4% 
Country Acres Mobile VillageMHCadillacMI182

99.5% 98.4% MHCadillacMI182

95.1% 99.5% 
Country Hills VillageMHHudsonvilleMI239

98.3% 100.0% MHHudsonvilleMI239

99.6% 98.3% 
Country Meadows Mobile VillageMHFlat RockMI577

96.9% 95.5% MHFlat RockMI577

97.7% 96.9% 
Country Meadows VillageMHCaledoniaMI395

98.5% 91.4%
(1) 
MHCaledoniaMI395

99.5% 98.5% 
Creekwood MeadowsMHBurtonMI336

94.0% 97.6% 
Cutler Estates Mobile VillageMHGrand RapidsMI259

98.8% 98.1% 
Dutton Mill VillageMHCaledoniaMI307

99.7% 99.0% 
East Village EstatesMHWashington Twp.MI708

98.6% 99.4% 
SUN COMMUNITIES, INC.

PropertyMH/RVCityStateMH and Annual RV Sites as of 12/31/18Transient RV Sites as of 12/31/18Occupancy as of 12/31/18Occupancy as of 12/31/17MH/RVCityStateMH and Annual RV Sites as of 12/31/19Transient RV Sites as of 12/31/19Occupancy as of 12/31/19Occupancy as of 12/31/18
Creekwood MeadowsMHBurtonMI336

97.6% 98.5% 
Cutler Estates Mobile VillageMHGrand RapidsMI259

98.1% 98.5% 
Dutton Mill VillageMHCaledoniaMI307

99.0% 97.4% 
East Village EstatesMHWashington TwpMI708

99.4% 99.4% 
EgelcraftMHMuskegonMI458

96.9% 97.6% MHMuskegonMI458

97.4% 96.9% 
Fisherman’s CoveMHFlint Twp.MI162

95.7% 91.4% 
Fisherman's CoveMHFlint Twp.MI162

97.5% 95.7% 
Frenchtown Villa / Elizabeth WoodsMHNewportMI1,140

88.9%
(1) 
84.7%
(1) 
MHNewportMI1,140

94.6% 88.9%
(1) 
Grand Mobile EstatesMHGrand RapidsMI219

96.3% 96.8% MHGrand RapidsMI219

96.8% 96.3% 
HamlinMHWebbervilleMI230

98.7% 95.7%
(1) 
MHWebbervilleMI230

95.7% 98.7% 
Hickory Hills VillageMHBattle CreekMI283

97.5% 98.6% MHBattle CreekMI283

97.5% 97.5% 
Hidden Ridge RV Resort (2)
RVHopkinsMI177
158
100.0% 100.0% RVHopkinsMI188
147
100.0% 100.0% 
Holiday West VillageMHHollandMI341

99.7% 99.7% MHHollandMI341

100.0% 99.7% 
Holly Village / Hawaiian GardensMHHollyMI425

94.4% 94.6% MHHollyMI425

96.2% 94.4% 
Hunters CrossingMHCapacMI114

99.1% 99.1% MHCapacMI114

98.2% 99.1% 
Hunters GlenMHWaylandMI396

89.9%
(1) 
76.5%
(1) 
MHWaylandMI396

97.2% 89.9%
(1) 
Kensington MeadowsMHLansingMI290

96.9% 96.6% MHLansingMI290

94.8% 96.9% 
Kimberly EstatesMHNewportMI387

98.7% 94.8% MHNewportMI387

98.4% 98.7% 
King’s Court Mobile VillageMHTraverse CityMI802

84.4%
(1) 
78.8%
(1) 
King's Court Mobile VillageMHTraverse CityMI802

90.6% 84.4%
(1) 
Knollwood EstatesMHAllendaleMI161

96.9% 92.6% MHAllendaleMI161

97.5% 96.9% 
Lafayette PlaceMHWarrenMI254

97.2% 94.9% MHWarrenMI254

96.9% 97.2% 
LakeviewMHYpsilantiMI392

98.7% 98.2% MHYpsilantiMI392

98.5% 98.7% 
Leisure VillageMHBelmontMI256

94.9%
(1) 
100.0% MHBelmontMI256

98.4% 94.9% 
Lincoln EstatesMHHollandMI191

99.0% 99.5% MHHollandMI191

99.5% 99.0% 
Meadow Lake EstatesMHWhite LakeMI425

99.1% 97.9% MHWhite LakeMI425

98.6% 99.1% 
Meadowbrook EstatesMHMonroeMI453

95.4% 96.3% MHMonroeMI453

96.5% 95.4% 
Meadowlands of GibraltarMHGibraltarMI320

99.7% 96.9% MHGibraltarMI320

100.0% 99.7% 
Northville CrossingMHNorthvilleMI756

99.7% 99.5% MHNorthvilleMI756

99.1% 99.7% 
Oak Island VillageMHEast LansingMI250

98.4% 97.6% MHEast LansingMI250

97.6% 98.4% 
Petoskey KOA RV Resort (2)
RVPetoskeyMI51
159
100.0% N/A
 RVPetoskeyMI48
162
100.0% 100.0% 
Petoskey RV Resort (2)
RVPetoskeyMI
152
N/A
 N/A
 RVPetoskeyMI3
149
N/A
 N/A
 
Pinebrook VillageMHKentwoodMI185

100.0% 98.9% MHKentwoodMI185

97.8% 100.0% 
Presidential Estates Mobile VillageMHHudsonvilleMI364

98.1% 98.9% MHHudsonvilleMI364

97.8% 98.1% 
Richmond PlaceMHRichmondMI117

95.7% 94.9% MHRichmondMI117

94.9% 95.7% 
River Haven VillageMHGrand HavenMI721

85.4% 78.8% MHGrand HavenMI721

90.7% 85.4% 
Rudgate ClintonMHClinton TownshipMI667

99.0% 97.3% MHClinton TownshipMI667

98.4% 99.0% 
Rudgate ManorMHSterling HeightsMI931

97.9% 97.3% MHSterling HeightsMI931

97.6% 97.9% 
Scio Farms EstatesMHAnn ArborMI913

99.5% 98.4% MHAnn ArborMI913

98.9% 99.5% 
Sheffield EstatesMHAuburn HillsMI228

100.0% 99.6% MHAuburn HillsMI228

98.2% 100.0% 
Shelby ForestMHShelby Twp.MI664

99.1% N/A
(5) 
Shelby WestMHShelby Twp.MI644

98.9% N/A
(5) 
Silver Creek RV Resort (2)
RVMearsMI159
105
100.0% N/A
 RVMearsMI157
107
100.0% 100.0% 
Silver SpringsMHClinton TownshipMI547

99.5% 99.5% MHClinton TownshipMI547

98.7% 99.5% 
Southwood VillageMHGrand RapidsMI394

98.0% 98.7% MHGrand RapidsMI394

99.0% 98.0% 
St. Clair PlaceMHSt. ClairMI100

97.0% 96.0% MHSt. ClairMI100

90.0% 97.0% 
Sunset RidgeMHPortlandMI388

65.7%
(1) 
92.0%
(1) 
MHPortlandMI388

78.1%
(1) 
65.7%
(1) 
Sycamore VillageMHMasonMI396

98.7% 99.7% 
Tamarac VillageMHLudingtonMI301

99.7% 98.7% 
Tamarac Village RV Resort (2)
RVLudingtonMI109
5
100.0% 100.0% 
Timberline EstatesMHCoopersvilleMI296

96.6% 98.3% 
Town & Country Mobile VillageMHTraverse CityMI192

99.0% 99.0% 
Warren Dunes VillageMHBridgmanMI314

89.2%
(1) 
87.6%
(1) 
Waverly Shores VillageMHHollandMI415

100.0% 96.4% 
West Village EstatesMHRomulusMI628

99.0% 99.4% 
SUN COMMUNITIES, INC.

PropertyMH/RVCityStateMH and Annual RV Sites as of 12/31/18Transient RV Sites as of 12/31/18Occupancy as of 12/31/18Occupancy as of 12/31/17MH/RVCityStateMH and Annual RV Sites as of 12/31/19Transient RV Sites as of 12/31/19Occupancy as of 12/31/19Occupancy as of 12/31/18
Sycamore VillageMHMasonMI396

99.7% 98.5% 
Tamarac VillageMHLudingtonMI301

98.7% 98.7% 
Tamarac Village RV Resort (2)
RVLudingtonMI112
2
100.0% 100.0% 
Timberline EstatesMHCoopersvilleMI296

98.3% 98.7% 
Town & Country Mobile VillageMHTraverse CityMI192

99.0% 99.5% 
Warren Dunes VillageMHBridgmanMI314

87.6%
(1) 
72.3%
(1) 
Waverly Shores VillageMHHollandMI415

96.4%
(1) 
78.8%
(1) 
West Village EstatesMHRomulusMI628

99.4% 99.4% 
White Lake Mobile Home VillageMHWhite LakeMI315

98.4% 96.8% MHWhite LakeMI315

98.7% 98.4% 
Windham Hills EstatesMHJacksonMI469

88.9%
(1) 
85.5%
(1) 
MHJacksonMI469

95.5% 88.9%
(1) 
Windsor Woods VillageMHWaylandMI314

98.4% 98.4% MHWaylandMI314

99.7% 98.4% 
Woodhaven PlaceMHWoodhavenMI220

95.5% 96.4% MHWoodhavenMI220

98.6% 95.5% 
Michigan Total 26,504
576
94.6% 93.3%  27,905
570
96.0% 94.6% 
        
Indiana        
Brookside Mobile Home VillageMHGoshenIN570

93.0% 89.1% MHGoshenIN570

95.6% 93.0% 
Carrington PointeMHFt. WayneIN468

73.5%
(1) 
98.4% MHFort WayneIN468

93.3% 73.5%
(1) 
Clear Water Mobile VillageMHSouth BendIN227

97.8% 96.5% MHSouth BendIN227

95.2% 97.8% 
Cobus Green Mobile Home ParkMHOsceolaIN386

93.8% 96.4% MHOsceolaIN386

96.6% 93.8% 
Deerfield RunMHAndersonIN175

86.3% 91.4% MHAndersonIN175

93.7% 86.3% 
Four SeasonsMHElkhartIN218

93.6% 95.4% MHElkhartIN218

95.0% 93.6% 
Lake Rudolph Campground & RV Resort (2)
RVSanta ClausIN
519
N/A
 N/A
 RVSanta ClausIN
534
N/A
 N/A
 
Liberty FarmMHValparaisoIN220

95.9% 96.8% MHValparaisoIN220

95.9% 95.9% 
Pebble CreekMHGreenwoodIN298

80.5%
(1) 
95.3% MHGreenwoodIN296

93.2% 80.5%
(1) 
Pine HillsMHMiddleburyIN129

93.8% 98.5% MHMiddleburyIN129

98.4% 93.8% 
Roxbury ParkMHGoshenIN398

97.2% 97.7% MHGoshenIN398

98.2% 97.2% 
Indiana Total 3,089
519
89.7% 95.0%  3,087
534
93.9% 89.7% 
        
Ohio        
Apple CreekMHAmeliaOH176

98.9% 97.7% MHAmeliaOH176

98.3% 98.9% 
East Fork CrossingMHBataviaOH350

99.1% 98.9%
(1) 
MHBataviaOH350

99.4% 99.1% 
Indian Creek RV & Camping Resort (2)
RVGeneva on the LakeOH425
150
100.0% 100.0% RVGeneva on the LakeOH425
150
100.0% 100.0% 
Oakwood VillageMHMiamisburgOH511

99.0% 98.8% MHMiamisburgOH511

98.2% 99.0% 
Orchard LakeMHMilfordOH147

95.9% 98.0% MHMilfordOH147

97.3% 95.9% 
Westbrook Senior VillageMHToledoOH112

98.2% 99.1% MHToledoOH112

100.0% 98.2% 
Westbrook VillageMHToledoOH344

95.6% 94.2% MHToledoOH344

98.8% 95.6% 
Willowbrook PlaceMHToledoOH266

97.4% 94.0% MHToledoOH266

98.1% 97.4% 
Woodside TerraceMHHollandOH439

91.6% 93.4% MHHollandOH439

93.8% 91.6% 
Ohio Total 2,770
150
97.2% 97.0%  2,770
150
98.1% 97.2% 
        
SOUTH        
Texas        
Austin Lone Star RV Resort (2)
RVAustinTX17
137
100.0% 100.0% RVAustinTX50
107
100.0% 100.0% 
Blazing Star (2)
RVSan AntonioTX126
136
100.0% 100.0% 
Boulder RidgeMHPflugervilleTX1,220

78.9%
(1) 
80.2%
(1) 
Branch Creek EstatesMHAustinTX400

98.0% 100.0% 
Chisholm Point EstatesMHPflugervilleTX427

97.7% 100.0% 
Comal FarmsMHNew BraunfelsTX367

99.7% 99.5% 
Hill Country Cottage and RV Resort (2)
RVNew BraunfelsTX27
342
100.0%
100.0% 
Jellystone Park™ at Guadalupe River (2)
RVKerrvilleTX
250
N/A
 N/A
 
Jellystone Park™ at Hill Country (2)
RVCanyon LakeTX
175
N/A
 N/A
 
La Hacienda RV Resort (2)
RVAustinTX
244
N/A
 N/A
 
Oak CrestMHAustinTX654

76.3%
(1) 
99.1% 
Pecan BranchMHGeorgetownTX229

78.6%
(1) 
49.3%
(1) 
Pine TraceMHHoustonTX680

98.4% 98.8% 
River RanchMHAustinTX848

98.5% 99.3% 
River Ridge EstatesMHAustinTX515

99.4% 99.2% 
SUN COMMUNITIES, INC.

PropertyMH/RVCityStateMH and Annual RV Sites as of 12/31/18Transient RV Sites as of 12/31/18Occupancy as of 12/31/18Occupancy as of 12/31/17MH/RVCityStateMH and Annual RV Sites as of 12/31/19Transient RV Sites as of 12/31/19Occupancy as of 12/31/19Occupancy as of 12/31/18
Blazing Star (2)
RVSan AntonioTX125
137
100.0% 100.0% 
Boulder RidgeMHPflugervilleTX896

80.2%
(1) 
95.4%
(1) 
Branch Creek EstatesMHAustinTX392

100.0% 100.0% 
Chisholm Point EstatesMHPflugervilleTX417

100.0% 98.8% 
Comal FarmsMHNew BraunfelsTX367

99.5% 97.0%
(1) 
Hill Country Cottage and RV Resort (2)
RVNew BraunfelsTX17
347
100.0%
100.0% 
Jellystone Park™ at Guadalupe River (2)
RVKerrvilleTX
261
N/A
 N/A
 
Jellystone Park™ at Hill Country (2)
RVCanyon LakeTX
173
N/A
 N/A
 
La Hacienda RV Resort (2)
RVAustinTX
244
N/A
 N/A
 
Oak CrestMHAustinTX433

99.1% 96.8% 
Pecan BranchMHGeorgetownTX229

49.3%
(1) 
37.6%
(1) 
Pine TraceMHHoustonTX680

98.8% 98.4%
(1) 
River RanchMHAustinTX848

99.3% 97.3%
(1) 
River Ridge EstatesMHAustinTX515

99.2% 98.5% 
SaddlebrookMHSan MarcosTX562

87.7%
(1) 
83.8%
(1) 
MHSan MarcosTX562

97.9% 87.7%
(1) 
Sandy LakeMHCarrolltonTX54

100.0% 100.0% MHCarrolltonTX54

98.1% 100.0% 
Sandy Lake RV Resort (2)
RVCarrolltonTX39
180
100.0% 100.0% RVCarrolltonTX108
112
100.0% 100.0% 
StonebridgeMHSan AntonioTX335

98.8% 97.9% MHSan AntonioTX335

96.7% 98.8% 
Summit RidgeMHConverseTX446

97.3% 97.1% MHConverseTX446

96.2% 97.3% 
Sunset RidgeMHKyleTX171

97.7% 98.8% MHKyleTX171

98.2% 97.7% 
Traveler’s WorldMHSan AntonioTX8

100.0% 100.0% 
Traveler’s World RV Resort (2)
RVSan AntonioTX26
129
100.0% 100.0% 
Travelers WorldMHSan AntonioTX8

100.0% 100.0% 
Travelers World RV Resort (2)
RVSan AntonioTX24
131
100.0% 100.0% 
Treetops RV Resort (2)
RVArlingtonTX29
144
100.0% 100.0% RVArlingtonTX48
126
100.0% 100.0% 
Woodlake TrailsMHSan AntonioTX316

72.2%
(1) 
70.9%
(1) 
MHSan AntonioTX316

82.0%
(1) 
72.2%
(1) 
Texas Total 6,922
1,752
92.9% 93.2%  7,615
1,623
92.0% 92.9% 
        
SOUTHEAST        
Florida        
Arbor Terrace RV Park (2)
RVBradentonFL205
156
100.0% 100.0% RVBrandentonFL227
134
100.0% 100.0% 
Ariana VillageMHLakelandFL207

97.1% 96.1% MHLakelandFL207

98.6% 97.1% 
Bahia Vista EstatesMHSarasotaFL251

99.2% 98.8% MHSarasotaFL251

99.6% 99.2% 
Baker Acres RV Resort (2)
RVZephyrhillsFL278
74
100.0% 100.0% 
Big Tree RV Resort (2)
RVArcadiaFL367
44
100.0% 100.0% 
Baker Acres RV ResortRVZephyrhillsFL279
73
100.0% 100.0% 
Big Tree RV ResortRVArcadiaFL367
44
100.0% 100.0% 
Blue Heron PinesMHPunta GordaFL408

96.3%
(1) 
96.1%
(1) 
MHPunta GordaFL408

97.1% 96.3% 
Blue JayMHDade CityFL206

98.5% 99.5% MHDade CityFL206

99.5% 98.5% 
Blue Jay RV Resort (2)
RVDade CityFL34
21
100.0% 100.0% RVDade CityFL32
23
100.0% 100.0% 
Blueberry Hill (2)
RVBushnellFL275
130
100.0% 100.0% RVBushnellFL279
126
100.0% 100.0% 
Brentwood EstatesMHHudsonFL191

97.9% 96.9% MHHudsonFL191

99.0% 97.9% 
Buttonwood BayMHSebringFL407

99.8% 99.8% MHSebringFL407

99.5% 99.8% 
Buttonwood Bay RV Resort (2)
RVSebringFL365
167
100.0% 100.0% 
Buttonwood Bay RV ResortRVSebringFL365
167
100.0% 100.0% 
Candlelight ManorMHSouth DaytonaFL128

94.5% 90.6% MHSouth DaytonaFL128

96.1% 94.5% 
Carriage CoveMHSanfordFL467

99.1% 98.5%
(1) 
MHSanfordFL467

99.6% 99.1% 
Central ParkMHHaines CityFL108

92.6% 90.9% MHHaines CityFL113

90.3% 92.6% 
Central Park Resort RV Resort (2)
RVHaines CityFL187
178
100.0% 100.0% 
Citrus Hill RV Resort (2)
RVDade CityFL136
46
100.0% 100.0% 
Club Naples (2)
RVNaplesFL234
70
100.0% 100.0% 
Club WildwoodMHHudsonFL478

99.8% 98.5% 
Colony in the WoodMHPort OrangeFL383

98.4% 97.7% 
Compass RV Resort (2)
RVSt. AugustineFL
175
N/A
 N/A
 
Country SquireMHPaisleyFL97

97.9% 90.7% 
Country Squire RV Resort (2)
RVPaisleyFL25

100.0% 100.0% 
Cypress GreensMHLake AlfredFL259

98.1% 96.5% 
Daytona Beach RV Resort (2)
RVPort OrangeFL150
82
100.0% 100.0% 
DeerwoodMHOrlandoFL569

99.5% 98.9% 
Dunedin RV Resort (2)
RVDunedinFL195
44
100.0% 100.0% 
Ellenton Gardens RV Resort (2)
RVEllentonFL146
48
100.0% 100.0% 
Emerald CoastMHPanama City BeachFL42

92.9% 88.1% 
Emerald Coast RV Resort (2)
RVPanama City BeachFL4
155
100.0% 100.0% 
Fairfield VillageMHOcalaFL293

98.6% 98.3% 
Forest ViewMHHomosassaFL300

98.7% 97.0% 
Glen HavenMHZephyrhillsFL52

98.1% 100.0% 
Glen Haven RV Resort (2)
RVZephyrhillsFL161
57
100.0% 100.0% 
GoldcoasterMHHomesteadFL522

99.8% 94.9% 
SUN COMMUNITIES, INC.

PropertyMH/RVCityStateMH and Annual RV Sites as of 12/31/18Transient RV Sites as of 12/31/18Occupancy as of 12/31/18Occupancy as of 12/31/17MH/RVCityStateMH and Annual RV Sites as of 12/31/19Transient RV Sites as of 12/31/19Occupancy as of 12/31/19Occupancy as of 12/31/18
Central Park RV Resort (2)
RVHaines CityFL189
180
100.0% 100.0% 
Citrus Hill RV Resort (2)
RVDade CityFL143
39
100.0% 100.0% 
Club Naples (2)
RVNaplesFL220
84
100.0% 100.0% 
Club WildwoodMHHudsonFL478

98.5% 98.7% 
Colony in the WoodMHPort OrangeFL383

97.7% 95.0% 
Compass RV Resort (2)
RVSt. AugustineFL
175
N/A
 N/A
 
Country SquireMHPaisleyFL97

90.7% 90.7% 
Country Squire RV Resort (2)
RVPaisleyFL20
5
100.0% 100.0% 
Cypress GreensMHLake AlfredFL259

96.5% 95.4% 
Daytona Beach RV Resort (2)
RVPort OrangeFL134
98
100.0% 100.0% 
DeerwoodMHOrlandoFL569

98.9% 98.1% 
Dunedin RV Resort (2)
RVDunedinFL190
49
100.0% 100.0% 
Ellenton Gardens RV Resort (2)
RVEllentonFL147
47
100.0% 100.0% 
Emerald CoastMHPanama City BeachFL42

88.1% 100.0% 
Emerald Coast RV Resort (2)
RVPanama City BeachFL5
154
100.0% 100.0% 
Fairfield VillageMHOcalaFL293

98.3% 97.6% 
Forest ViewMHHomosassaFL300

97.0% 96.7% 
Glen HavenMHZephyrhillsFL52

100.0% 100.0% 
Glen Haven RV Resort (2)
RVZephyrhillsFL158
60
100.0% 100.0% 
Gold CoasterMHHomesteadFL532

94.9% 98.2% 
Gold Coaster RV Resort (2)
RVHomesteadFL8
5
100.0% 100.0% 
Goldcoaster RV Resort (2)
RVHomesteadFL11
12
100.0% 100.0% 
Grand BayMHDunedinFL135

98.5% 96.3% MHDunedinFL135

99.3% 98.5% 
Grand Lakes RV Resort (2)
RVCitraFL305
99
100.0% 100.0% RVCitraFL319
90
100.0% 100.0% 
Grove Ridge RV Resort (2)
RVDade CityFL159
87
100.0% 100.0% RVDade CityFL161
85
100.0% 100.0% 
Groves RV Resort (2)
RVFt. MyersFL223
46
100.0% 100.0% RVFort MyersFL236
33
100.0% 100.0% 
Gulfstream HarborMHOrlandoFL974

97.5% 95.3% MHOrlandoFL974

99.2% 97.5% 
Hacienda Del RioMHEdgewaterFL730

98.9% N/A
(5) 
Hidden River RV Resort (2)
RVRiverviewFL195
118
100.0% 100.0% RVRiverviewFL185
128
98.6% 100.0% 
Holly Forest EstatesMHHolly HillFL402

100.0% 99.8% MHHolly HillFL402

100.0% 100.0% 
Homosassa River RV Resort (2)
RVHomosassa SpringsFL95
128
100.0% 100.0% RVHomosassa SpringsFL104
120
100.0% 100.0% 
Horseshoe Cove RV Resort (2)
RVBradentonFL344
132
100.0% 100.0% RVBradentonFL340
136
100.0% 100.0% 
Indian Creek ParkMHFt. Myers BeachFL353

100.0% 99.7% MHFt. Myers BeachFL353

99.7% 100.0% 
Indian Creek RV Park (2)
RVFt. Myers BeachFL973
104
100.0% 100.0% RVFt. Myers BeachFL975
102
100.0% 100.0% 
Island LakesMHMerritt IslandFL301

99.7% 100.0% MHMerrit IslandFL301

100.0% 99.7% 
King’s LakeMHDeBaryFL245

100.0% 100.0% MHDeBaryFL245

100.0% 100.0% 
Kings ManorMHLakelandFL239

95.8% 92.5% 
King’s PointeMHLake AlfredFL226

99.6% 100.0% MHLake AlfredFL226

98.7% 99.6% 
Kings ManorMHLakelandFL239

92.5% 82.9% 
Kissimmee GardensMHKissimmeeFL239

99.6% 99.2% MHKissimmeeFL239

100.0% 99.6% 
Kissimmee SouthMHDavenportFL142

90.1% 90.9% MHDavenportFL142

91.5% 90.1% 
Kissimmee South RV Resort (2)
RVDavenportFL102
98
100.0% 100.0% RVDavenportFL112
89
100.0% 100.0% 
La Costa VillageMHPort OrangeFL658

99.8% 99.7% MHPort OrangeFL658

100.0% 99.8% 
Lake Josephine RV Resort (2)
RVSebringFL112
66
100.0% 100.0% RVSebringFL111
67
100.0% 100.0% 
Lake Juliana LandingsMHAuburndaleFL274

98.2% 97.5% MHAuburndaleFL274

98.2% 98.2% 
Lake Pointe VillageMHMulberryFL362

99.2% 99.2% MHMulberryFL362

99.4% 99.2% 
Lake San Marino RV Park (2)
RVNaplesFL264
143
100.0% 100.0% 
Lakeland RV Resort (2)
RVLakelandFL196
35
100.0% 100.0% 
Lakeshore LandingsMHOrlandoFL306

99.3% 99.3% 
Lakeshore VillasMHTampaFL280

99.6% 98.6% 
LamplighterMHPort OrangeFL260

99.2% 96.5% 
Majestic Oaks RV Resort (2)
RVZephyrhillsFL207
47
100.0% 100.0% 
Marco Naples RV Resort (2)
RVNaplesFL221
80
100.0% 100.0% 
Meadowbrook VillageMHTampaFL257

100.0% 100.0% 
Mill CreekMHKissimmeeFL34

91.2% 96.9% 
Mill Creek RV Resort (2)
RVKissimmeeFL133
23
100.0% 100.0% 
Naples RV Resort (2)
RVNaplesFL108
59
100.0% 100.0% 
New RanchMHClearwaterFL94

97.9% 97.9% 
North Lake Estates (2)
RVMoor HavenFL209
63
100.0% 100.0% 
Oakview EstatesMHArcatiaFL119

100.0% 99.2% 
Ocean BreezeMHMarathonFL47

8.5%
(1) 
%
(4) 
Ocean Breeze RV ResortRVMarathonFL

% %
(4) 
Ocean Breeze - Jensen BeachMHJensen BeachFL244

76.2%
(1) 
64.0%
(1) 
Ocean Breeze - Jensen Beach RV Resort (2)
RVJensen BeachFL77
168
100.0% 100.0% 
Orange CityMHOrange CityFL4

100.0% 100.0% 
Orange City RV Resort (2)
RVOrange CityFL345
176
100.0% 100.0% 
Orange Tree VillageMHOrange CityFL246

100.0% 99.6% 
Paddock Park SouthMHOcalaFL188

79.3% 78.7% 
Palm Key VillageMHDavenportFL204

100.0% 99.5% 
Palm VillageMHBradentonFL146

100.0% 97.9% 
Park PlaceMHSebastianFL475

94.9% 94.7% 
SUN COMMUNITIES, INC.

PropertyMH/RVCityStateMH and Annual RV Sites as of 12/31/18Transient RV Sites as of 12/31/18Occupancy as of 12/31/18Occupancy as of 12/31/17
Lake San Marino RV Park (2)
RVNaplesFL253
154
100.0% 100.0% 
Lakeland RV Resort (2)
RVLakelandFL190
41
100.0% 100.0% 
Lakeshore LandingsMHOrlandoFL306

99.3% 100.0% 
Lakeshore VillasMHTampaFL280

98.6% 97.5% 
LamplighterMHPort OrangeFL260

96.5% 97.3% 
Majestic Oaks RV Resort (2)
RVZephyrhillsFL208
45
100.0% 100.0% 
Marco Naples RV Resort (2)
RVNaplesFL210
82
100.0% 100.0% 
Meadowbrook VillageMHTampaFL257

100.0% 99.2% 
Mill CreekMHKissimmeeFL32

96.9% 100.0% 
Mill Creek RV Resort (2)
RVKissimmeeFL102
54
100.0% 100.0% 
Naples RV Resort (2)
RVNaplesFL106
61
100.0% 100.0% 
New RanchMHClearwaterFL94

97.9% 97.9% 
North Lake Estates (2)
RVMoore HavenFL204
68
100.0% 100.0% 
Oakview EstatesMHArcadiaFL119

99.2% 99.2% 
Ocean BreezeMHMarathonFL

% %
(4) 
Ocean Breeze RV ResortRVMarathonFL

% %
(4) 
Ocean Breeze Jensen BeachMHJensen BeachFL236

64.0%
(1) 
63.1%
(1) 
Ocean Breeze Jensen Beach RV Resort (2)
RVJensen BeachFL42
211
100.0% 100.0% 
Orange CityMHOrange CityFL4

100.0% 100.0% 
Orange City RV Resort (2)
RVOrange CityFL315
206
100.0% 100.0% 
Orange Tree VillageMHOrange CityFL246

99.6% 100.0% 
Paddock Park SouthMHOcalaFL188
 78.7% 76.1% 
Palm Key VillageMHDavenportFL204

99.5% 100.0% 
Palm VillageMHBradentonFL146

97.9% 98.0% 
Park PlaceMHSebastianFL475

94.7% 93.3% 
Park RoyaleMHPinellas ParkFL309

99.7% 99.7% 
Pecan Park RV Resort (2)
RVJacksonvilleFL
183
N/A
 N/A
 
Pelican BayMHMiccoFL216

99.5% 92.6% 
Pelican RV Resort & Marina (2)
RVMarathonFL75
11
100.0% 100.0% 
Plantation LandingsMHHaines CityFL394

99.2% 99.2% 
Pleasant Lake RV Resort (2)
RVBradentonFL280
61
100.0% 100.0% 
RainbowMHFrostproofFL37

100.0% 100.0% 
Rainbow RV Resort (2)
RVFrostproofFL376
86
100.0% 100.0% 
Rainbow Village of Largo (2)
RVLargoFL257
52
100.0% 100.0% 
Rainbow Village of Zephyrhills (2)
RVZephyrhillsFL336
46
100.0% 100.0% 
Red OaksMHBushnellFL103

92.2% 92.2% 
Red Oaks RV Resort (2)
RVBushnellFL485
432
100.0% 100.0% 
Regency HeightsMHClearwaterFL391

97.4% 95.4% 
Riptide RV Resort & Marina (2)
RVKey LargoFL23
17
100.0% 100.0% 
Riverside ClubMHRuskinFL728

82.6% 78.7% 
Rock Crusher Canyon RV Resort (2)
RVCrystal RiverFL153
242
100.0% 100.0% 
Royal CountryMHMiamiFL864

99.8% 99.9% 
Royal Palm VillageMHHaines CityFL395

86.1% 82.3% 
PropertyMH/RVCityStateMH and Annual RV Sites as of 12/31/19Transient RV Sites as of 12/31/19Occupancy as of 12/31/19Occupancy as of 12/31/18
Park RoyaleMHPinellas ParkFL309

100.0% 99.7% 
Pecan Park RV Resort (2)
RVJacksonvilleFL15
226
N/A
 N/A
 
Pelican BayMHMiccoFL216

98.6% 99.5% 
Pelican RV Resort & Marina (2)
RVMarathonFL71
15
100.0% 100.0% 
Plantation LandingsMHHaines CityFL394

99.2% 99.2% 
Pleasant Lake RV Resort (2)
RVJacksonvilleFL281
60
100.0% 100.0% 
RainbowMHFrostproofFL37

100.0% 100.0% 
Rainbow RV Resort (2)
RVFrostproofFL396
66
100.0% 100.0% 
Rainbow Village of Largo (2)
RVLargoFL267
42
100.0% 100.0% 
Rainbow Village of Zephyrhills (2)
RVZephyrhillsFL334
48
100.0% 100.0% 
Red OaksMHBushnellFL103

92.2% 92.2% 
Red Oaks RV Resort (2)
RVBushnellFL502
415
100.0% 100.0% 
Regency HeightsMHClearwaterFL391

98.2% 97.4% 
Riptide RV Resort & Marina (2)
RVKey LargoFL23
17
100.0% 100.0% 
Riverside ClubMHRuskinFL728

84.2% 82.6% 
Rock Crusher Canyon RV Resort (2)
RVCrystal RiverFL169
226
100.0% 100.0% 
Royal CountryMHMiamiFL864

99.9% 99.8% 
Royal Palm VillageMHHaines CityFL395

84.3% 86.1% 
Saddle Oak ClubMHOcalaFL376

99.7% 99.5% 
San Pedro MarinaMHIslamoradaFL

% %
(4) 
San Pedro RV Resort & MarinaRVIslamoradaFL

% %
(4) 
Saralake EstatesMHSarasotaFL202

100.0% 100.0% 
Savanna ClubMHPort St. LucieFL1,069

98.4% 98.0% 
SeabreezeMHIslamoradaFL

% %
(4) 
Seabreeze RV ResortRVIslamoradaFL

% %
(4) 
SerendipityMHNorth Fort MyersFL338

97.9% 97.0% 
Settler's Rest RV Resort (2)
RVZephyrhillsFL303
75
100.0% 100.0% 
Shadow Wood VillageMHHudsonFL215

73.0%
(1) 
99.4% 
Shady Road VillasMHOcalaFL130

70.0% 61.5% 
Shell Creek MarinaMHPunta GordaFL54

98.1% 100.0% 
Shell Creek RV Resort & Marina (2)
RVPunta GordaFL154
31
100.0% 100.0% 
Siesta Bay RV Park (2)
RVFort MyersFL738
59
100.0% 100.0% 
Southern CharmMHZephyrhillsFL1

100.0% 100.0% 
Southern Charm RV ResortRVZephyrhillsFL403
93
100.0% 100.0% 
Southern PinesMHBradentonFL107

97.2% 96.3% 
Southport Springs Golf & Country ClubMHZephyrhillsFL547

98.9% 98.9% 
Spanish MainMHThontosassaFL56

87.5% 91.1% 
Spanish Main RV Resort (2)
RVThontosassaFL235
44
100.0% 100.0% 
StonebrookMHHomosassaFL215

92.1% 92.1% 
Sun N Fun RV Resort (2)
RVSarasotaFL1,018
501
100.0% 100.0% 
Suncoast GatewayMHPort RicheyFL173

98.8% 98.8% 
SundanceMHZephyrhillsFL332

100.0% 99.7% 
Sunlake EstatesMHGrand IslandFL408

96.1% 94.7% 
Sunset Harbor at Cow Key MarinaMHKey WestFL77

98.7% 98.7% 
Sweetwater RV Resort (2)
RVZephyrhillsFL212
79
100.0% 100.0% 
Tallowwood IsleMHCoconut CreekFL273

95.6% 95.2% 
Tampa EastMHDoverFL31

100.0% 96.8% 
Tampa East RV Resort (2)
RVDoverFL434
235
100.0% 100.0% 
The Hamptons Golf & Country ClubMHAuburndaleFL829

98.6% 98.4% 
SUN COMMUNITIES, INC.

PropertyMH/RVCityStateMH and Annual RV Sites as of 12/31/18Transient RV Sites as of 12/31/18Occupancy as of 12/31/18Occupancy as of 12/31/17
Saddle Oak ClubMHOcalaFL376

99.5% 99.5% 
San Pedro MarinaMHIslamoradaFL

% %
(4) 
San Pedro RV Resort & MarinaRVIslamoradaFL

% %
(4) 
Saralake EstatesMHSarasotaFL202

100.0% 100.0% 
Savanna ClubMHPort St LucieFL1,069

98.0% 97.6%
(1) 
Sea BreezeMHIslamoradaFL

% %
(4) 
Sea Breeze RV ResortRVIslamoradaFL

% %
(4) 
SerendipityMHNorth Fort MyersFL338

97.0% 98.5% 
Settler’s Rest RV Resort (2)
RVZephyrhillsFL310
68
100.0% 100.0% 
Shadow Wood VillageMHHudsonFL157

99.4% 99.4% 
Shady Road VillasMHOcalaFL130

61.5% 62.3% 
Shell Creek MarinaMHPunta GordaFL54

100.0% 100.0% 
Shell Creek RV Resort & Marina (2)
RVPunta GordaFL139
46
100.0% 100.0% 
Siesta Bay RV Park (2)
RVFt. MyersFL734
63
100.0% 100.0% 
Southern CharmMHZephyrhillsFL1

100.0% 100.0% 
Southern Charm RV Resort (2)
RVZephyrhillsFL401
95
100.0% 100.0% 
Southern PinesMHBradentonFL107

96.3% 95.3% 
Southport Springs Golf & Country ClubMHZephyrhillsFL547

98.9% 98.4%
(1) 
Spanish MainMHThonotosassaFL56

91.1% 91.1% 
Spanish Main RV Resort (2)
RVThonotosassaFL202
74
100.0% 100.0% 
StonebrookMHHomosassaFL215

92.1% 90.7% 
Sun N Fun RV Resort (2)
RVSarasotaFL957
562
100.0% 100.0% 
Suncoast GatewayMHPort RicheyFL173

98.8% 98.3% 
SundanceMHZephyrhillsFL332

99.7% 100.0% 
Sunlake EstatesMHGrand IslandFL408

94.6% 93.4% 
Sunset Harbor at Cow Key MarinaMHKey WestFL77

98.7% 97.4% 
Sweetwater RV Resort (2)
RVZephyrhillsFL212
79
100.0% 100.0% 
Tallowwood IsleMHCoconut CreekFL273

95.2% 95.6% 
Tampa EastMHDoverFL31

96.8% 100.0% 
Tampa East RV Resort (2)
RVDoverFL324
345
100.0% 100.0% 
The Hamptons Golf & Country ClubMHAuburndaleFL829

98.4% 98.8% 
The HideawayMHKey WestFL13

92.3% 84.6% 
The HillsMHApopkaFL97

99.0% 95.0% 
The RidgeMHDavenportFL481

99.2% 98.3% 
The ValleyMHApopkaFL148

100.0% 99.3% 
Three Lakes (2)
RVHudsonFL226
81
100.0% 100.0% 
Vista Del LagoMHBradentonFL136

96.3% 95.6% 
Vista Del Lago RV Resort (2)
RVBradentonFL27
13
100.0% 100.0% 
Vizcaya LakesMHPort CharlotteFL113

86.7% 79.7% 
Walden WoodsMHHomosassaFL213

100.0% 100.0% 
Walden Woods IIMHHomosassaFL213

99.1% 98.6% 
Water Oak Country Club EstatesMHLady LakeFL1,317

89.5%
(1) 
95.3%
(1) 
Waters Edge RV Resort (2)
RVZephyrhillsFL144
73
100.0% 100.0% 
PropertyMH/RVCityStateMH and Annual RV Sites as of 12/31/19Transient RV Sites as of 12/31/19Occupancy as of 12/31/19Occupancy as of 12/31/18
The HideawayMHKey WestFL13

84.6% 92.3% 
The HillsMHApopkaFL97

100.0% 99.0% 
The RidgeMHDavenportFL481

99.0% 99.2% 
The ValleyMHApopkaFL148

100.0% 100.0% 
Three Lakes (2)
RVHudsonFL237
70
100.0% 100.0% 
Vista del LagoMHBradentonFL136

97.8% 96.3% 
Vista del Lago RV Resort (2)
RVBradentonFL32
8
100.0% 100.0% 
Vizcaya LakesMHPort CharlotteFL108

91.7% 86.7% 
Walden WoodsMHHomosassaFL213

100.0% 100.0% 
Walden Woods IIMHHomosassaFL213

99.1% 99.1% 
Water Oak Country Club EstatesMHLady LakeFL1,310

91.9%
(1 
) 
89.5%
(1) 
Waters Edge RV Resort (2)
RVZephyrhillsFL140
77
100.0% 100.0% 
Westside RidgeMHAuburndaleFL219

99.5% 99.1% 
Windmill VillageMHDavenportFL509

99.6% 98.8% 
Woodlands at Church LakeMHGrovelandFL291

78.4% 73.9% 
Florida Total   39,230
5,465
97.7% 97.3% 
          
SOUTHWEST         
California         
49'er Village RV Resort (2)
RVPlymouthCA51
275
100.0% 100.0% 
Alta LagunaMHRancho CucamongaCA296

99.3% 99.7% 
Caliente SandsMHCathedral CityCA118

98.3% 99.2% 
Cava Robles RV Resort (2)
RVPaso RoblesCA
332
N/A
 N/A
 
Chula Vista RV Resort (2)
RVSan DiegoCA
237
N/A
 N/A
 
Friendly Village of La HabraMHLa HabraCA330

99.7% 99.7% 
Friendly Village of ModestoMHModestoCA289

98.6% 97.2% 
Friendly Village of SimiMHSimi ValleyCA222

100.0% 100.0% 
Friendly Village of West CovinaMHWest CovinaCA157

100.0% 100.0% 
HeritageMHTemeculaCA196

100.0% 100.0% 
Indian Wells RV Resort (2)
RVIndioCA158
144
100.0% 100.0% 
Jellystone Park™ at Tower Park (2)
RVLodiCA
360
N/A
 N/A
 
LakefrontMHLakesideCA295

100.0% 99.7% 
Lazy J RanchMHArcataCA220

98.6% 99.1% 
Lemon WoodMHVenturaCA231

99.6% 100.0% 
Napa ValleyMHNapaCA257

100.0% 100.0% 
Oak CreekMHCoarsegoldCA198

98.0% 97.0% 
Ocean WestMHMcKinleyvilleCA130

99.2% 97.7% 
Palos Verdes Shores MH & Golf CommunityMHSan PedroCA242

100.0% 100.0% 
Pembroke DownsMHChinoCA163

100.0% 100.0% 
Pismo Dunes RV Resort (2)
RVPismo BeachCA330
1
100.0% 100.0% 
Rancho AlipazMHSan Juan CapistranoCA132

100.0% 99.2% 
Rancho CaballeroMHRiversideCA303

100.0% 99.7% 
Royal PalmsMHCathedral CityCA439

95.7% 99.6% 
Royal Palms RV ResortRVCathedral CityCA38

100.0% 100.0% 
The ColonyMHOxnardCA150

100.0% 100.0% 
The Sands RV & Golf Resort (2)
RVDesert Hot SpringsCA244
270
100.0% 100.0% 
VallecitoMHNewbury ParkCA303

100.0% 100.0% 
Victor VillaMHVictorvilleCA287

99.0% 99.0% 
Vines RV Resort (2)
RVPaso RoblesCA
130
N/A
 N/A
 
SUN COMMUNITIES, INC.

PropertyMH/RVCityStateMH and Annual RV Sites as of 12/31/18Transient RV Sites as of 12/31/18Occupancy as of 12/31/18Occupancy as of 12/31/17
Westside RidgeMHAuburndaleFL219

99.1% 99.1% 
Windmill VillageMHDavenportFL509

98.8% 99.2% 
Woodlands at Church LakeMHGrovelandFL291

73.9% 70.5% 
Florida Total   37,874
5,917
97.3% 97.1% 
          
SOUTHWEST         
California         
49’er Village RV Resort (2)
RVPlymouthCA32
293
100.0% 100.0% 
Alta LagunaMHRancho CucamongaCA295

99.7% 100.0% 
Caliente SandsMHCathedral CityCA118

99.2% 97.5% 
Cava Robles RV Resort (2)
RVPaso RoblesCA
331
N/A
 N/A
 
Friendly Village of La HabraMHLa HabraCA330

99.7% 100.0% 
Friendly Village of ModestoMHModestoCA289

97.2% 94.5% 
Friendly Village of SimiMHSimi ValleyCA222

100.0% 100.0% 
Friendly Village of West CovinaMHWest CovinaCA157

99.4% 99.4% 
HeritageMHTemeculaCA196

100.0% 100.0% 
Indian Wells RV Resort (2)
RVIndioCA147
169
100.0% 100.0% 
Jellystone Park™ at Tower Park (2)
RVLodiCA
359
N/A
 N/A
 
LakefrontMHLakesideCA295

99.7% 100.0% 
Lazy J RanchMHArcataCA220

99.1% 100.0% 
Lemon WoodMHVenturaCA231

100.0% 100.0% 
Napa ValleyMHNapaCA257

100.0% 100.0% 
Oak CreekMHCoarsegoldCA198

97.0% 95.0% 
Ocean WestMHMcKinleyvilleCA130

97.7% 100.0% 
Palos Verdes Shores MH & Golf CommunityMHSan PedroCA242

100.0% 100.0% 
Pembroke DownsMHChinoCA163

100.0% 100.0% 
Pismo Dunes RV ResortRVPismo BeachCA331

100.0% 100.0% 
Rancho AlipazMHSan Juan CapistranoCA132

99.2% 100.0% 
Rancho CaballeroMHRiversideCA303

99.7% 99.7% 
Royal PalmsMHCathedral CityCA439

99.6% 96.8% 
Royal Palms RV ResortRVCathedral CityCA38

100.0% 100.0% 
The ColonyMHOxnardCA150

100.0% 100.0% 
The Sands RV & Golf Resort (2)
RVDesert Hot SpringsCA234
280
100.0% N/A
 
VallecitoMHNewbury ParkCA303

100.0% 100.0% 
Victor VillaMHVictorvilleCA287

99.0% 97.2% 
Vines RV Resort (2)
RVPaso RoblesCA
130
N/A
 N/A
 
Vista Del LagoMHScotts ValleyCA202

100.0% 100.0% 
Wine Country RV Resort (2)
RVPaso RoblesCA
203
N/A
 N/A
 
California Total   5,941
1,765
99.3% 99.1% 
          
Arizona         
Blue Star / Lost DutchmanMHApache JunctionAZ169

95.9% 93.5% 
Blue Star / Lost Dutchman RV Resort (2)
RVApache JunctionAZ88
118
100.0% 100.0% 
PropertyMH/RVCityStateMH and Annual RV Sites as of 12/31/19Transient RV Sites as of 12/31/19Occupancy as of 12/31/19Occupancy as of 12/31/18
Vista del LagoMHScotts ValleyCA202

100.0% 100.0% 
Wine Country RV Resort (2)
RVPaso RoblesCA
203
N/A
 N/A
 
California Total   5,981
1,952
99.3% 99.3% 
          
Arizona         
Blue Star / Lost DutchmanMHApache JunctionAZ175

96.6% 95.9% 
Blue Star / Lost Dutchman RV Resort (2)
RVApache JunctionAZ97
103
100.0% 100.0% 
Brentwood WestMHMesaAZ350

99.1% 98.9% 
Buena VistaMHBuckeyeAZ400

75.5% N/A
(5) 
Desert HarborMHApache JunctionAZ205

99.5% 99.5% 
Fiesta VillageMHMesaAZ154

85.1% 83.8% 
Fiesta Village RV Resort (2)
RVMesaAZ2
8
100.0% 100.0% 
La Casa BlancaMHApache JunctionAZ198

100.0% 100.0% 
Leaf Verde RV Resort (2)
RVBuckeyeAZ
377
N/A
 N/A
 
Mountain ViewMHMesaAZ170

97.6% 99.4% 
Palm Creek GolfMHCasa GrandeAZ506

60.7%
(1) 
57.0%
(1) 
Palm Creek Golf & RV Resort (2)
RVCasa GrandeAZ926
909
100.0% 100.0% 
Rancho MirageMHApache JunctionAZ312

100.0% 100.0% 
Reserve at Fox CreekMHBullhead CityAZ311

99.0% 97.7% 
Sun ValleyMHApache JunctionAZ268

95.9% 94.0% 
Verde PlazaMHTucsonAZ189

87.8% 93.1% 
Arizona Total   4,263
1,397
91.3% 92.4% 
          
Colorado         
Cave CreekMHEvansCO447

98.9% 98.7% 
Eagle CrestMHFirestoneCO441

99.5% 99.8% 
Jellystone Park™ at Larkspur (2)
RVLakespurCO

N/A
 N/A
 
North Point EstatesMHPuebloCO108

99.1% 97.2% 
River Run RanchMHGranbyCO36

2.8%
(1) 
% 
River Run Ranch RV Resort (2)
RVGranbyCO
291
N/A
 N/A
 
SkylineMHFort CollinsCO170

97.6% 100.0% 
Smith Creek CrossingMHGranbyCO52

5.8%
(1) 
% 
Swan Meadow VillageMHDillonCO175

100.0% 99.4% 
The Grove at Alta RidgeMHThorntonCO409

99.5% 99.5% 
Timber RidgeMHFort CollinsCO585

99.5% 99.7% 
Colorado Total   2,423
291
95.8% 99.4% 
          
OTHER         
Pandion Ridge RV Resort (2)
RVOrange BeachAL
142
N/A
 N/A
 
BeechwoodMHKillingworthCT297

98.7% N/A
(5) 
Cedar SpringsMHSouthingtonCT190

90.0% N/A
(5) 
Forest HillMHSouthingtonCT188

97.9% N/A
(5) 
Grove BeachMHWestbrookCT136

97.8% N/A
(5) 
HillcrestMHUncasvilleCT208

98.1% N/A
(5) 
LakesideMHTerryvilleCT76

93.4% N/A
(5) 
Lakeview CTMHDanburyCT179

86.6% N/A
(5) 
Laurel HeightsMHUncasvilleCT49

98.0% N/A
(5) 
Marina CoveMHUncasvilleCT25

80.0% N/A
(5) 
MillwoodMHUncasvilleCT45

%
(1) 
N/A
(5) 
SUN COMMUNITIES, INC.

PropertyMH/RVCityStateMH and Annual RV Sites as of 12/31/18Transient RV Sites as of 12/31/18Occupancy as of 12/31/18Occupancy as of 12/31/17
Brentwood WestMHMesaAZ350

98.9% 99.1% 
Desert HarborMHApache JunctionAZ205

99.5% 99.0% 
Fiesta VillageMHMesaAZ154

83.8% 79.9% 
Fiesta Village RV Resort (2)
RVMesaAZ2
8
100.0% 100.0% 
La Casa BlancaMHApache JunctionAZ198

100.0% 100.0% 
Leaf Verde RV Resort (2)
RVBuckeyeAZ
376
N/A
 N/A
 
Mountain ViewMHMesaAZ170

99.4% 99.4% 
Palm Creek GolfMHCasa GrandeAZ505

57.0%
(1) 
52.1%
(1) 
Palm Creek Golf & RV Resort (2)
RVCasa GrandeAZ915
921
100.0% 100.0% 
Rancho MirageMHApache JunctionAZ312

100.0% 100.0% 
Reserve at Fox CreekMHBullhead CityAZ311

97.7% 95.2% 
Sun ValleyMHApache JunctionAZ268

94.0% 91.8% 
Verde PlazaMHTucsonAZ189

93.1% 90.0% 
Arizona Total   3,836
1,423
92.4% 91.0% 
          
Colorado         
Cave CreekMHEvansCO447

98.7% 99.1% 
Eagle CrestMHFirestoneCO441

99.8% 100.0% 
Jellystone Park™ at Larkspur (2)
RVLarkspurCO
137
N/A
 N/A
 
North Point EstatesMHPuebloCO108

97.2% 99.1% 
SkylineMHFort CollinsCO170

100.0% 99.4% 
Swan Meadow VillageMHDillonCO175

99.4% 100.0% 
The Grove at Alta RidgeMHThorntonCO409

99.5% 99.8% 
Timber RidgeMHFt. CollinsCO585

99.7% 99.5% 
Colorado Total   2,335
137
99.4% 99.6% 
          
OTHER         
Seaport RV Resort (2)
RVOld MysticCT44
105
100.0% 100.0% 
High Point ParkMHFredericaDE409

96.3% 96.6% 
Sea Air VillageMHRehoboth BeachDE373

100.0% 98.4% 
Sea Air Village RV Resort (2)
RVRehoboth BeachDE120
14
100.0% 100.0% 
Countryside Village of AtlantaMHLawrencevilleGA261

87.4%
(1) 
65.0%
(1) 
Countryside Village of GwinnettMHBufordGA331

98.2% 99.1% 
Countryside Village of Lake LanierMHBufordGA548

99.5% 98.7% 
Autumn RidgeMHAnkenyIA413

96.6% 97.1% 
Candlelight VillageMHSauk VillageIL309

93.2% 97.1% 
Maple BrookMHMattesonIL441

99.5% 99.6% 
Oak RidgeMHMantenoIL426

93.2% 93.0% 
Sunset Lakes RV Resort (2)
RVHillsdaleIL225
273
100.0% 100.0% 
Wildwood CommunityMHSandwichIL476

99.2% 99.4% 
Campers Haven RV Resort (2)
RVDennisportMA230
43
100.0% 100.0% 
Peter’s Pond RV Resort (2)
RVSandwichMA329
77
100.0% 100.0% 
Castaways RV Resort & Campground (2)
RVBerlinMD1
392
100.0% 100.0% 
PropertyMH/RVCityStateMH and Annual RV Sites as of 12/31/19Transient RV Sites as of 12/31/19Occupancy as of 12/31/19Occupancy as of 12/31/18
New England VillageMHWestbrookCT60

100.0% N/A
(5) 
Oak GroveMHPlainvilleCT45

100.0% N/A
(5) 
Rolling HillsMHStorrsCT200

79.5% N/A
(5) 
Seaport RV Resort (2)
RVOld MysticCT36
113
100.0% 100.0% 
Three GardensMHSouthingtonCT135

89.6% N/A
(5) 
Yankee VillageMHOld SaybrookCT23

100.0% N/A
(5) 
High Point ParkMHFredericaDE409

97.3% 96.3% 
Leisure Point ResortMHMillsboroDE201

90.0% N/A
(5) 
Leisure Point RV Resort (2)
RVMillsboroDE277
24
100.0% % 
Massey’s Landing RV Resort (2)
RVMillsboroDE
291
% % 
Sea Air VillageMHRehoboth BeachDE373

99.2% 100.0% 
Sea Air Village RV Resort (2)
RVRehoboth BeachDE119
15
100.0% 100.0% 
Countryside Village of AtlantaMHLawrencevilleGA261

100.0% 87.4%
(1) 
Countryside Village of GwinnettMHBufordGA331

99.1% 98.2% 
Countryside Village of Lake LanierMHBufordGA548

99.8% 99.5% 
WymberlyMHMartinezGA215

99.5% N/A
(5) 
Autumn RidgeMHAnkenyIA413

97.1% 96.6% 
Candlelight VillageMHSauk VillageIL309

92.2% 93.2% 
Maple BrookMHMattesonIL441

99.3% 99.5% 
Oak RidgeMHMantenoIL426

95.1% 93.2% 
Sunset Lakes RV Resort (2)
RVHillsdaleIL225
273
100.0% 100.0% 
Wildwood CommunityMHSandwichIL476

98.7% 99.2% 
Reunion Lake RV Resort (2)
RVPonchatoulaLA
201
% % 
Campers Haven RV Resort (2)
RVDennisportMA224
41
100.0% 100.0% 
Peter's Pond RV Resort (2)
RVSandwichMA328
78
100.0% 100.0% 
Castaways RV Resort & Campground (2)
RVBerlinMD1
392
100.0% 100.0% 
Fort Whaley RV Resort & Campground (2)
RVWhaleyvilleMD
183
N/A
 N/A
 
Frontier Town RV Resort & Campground (2)
RVBerlinMD
685
N/A
 N/A
 
Hyde ParkMHEastonMD240

98.3% N/A
(5) 
Jellystone Park™ at Maryland (2)
RVWilliamsportMD
228
N/A
 N/A
 
Southside LandingMHCambridgeMD96

81.3% N/A
(5) 
Hid'n Pines RV Resort (2)
RVOld Orchard BeachME66
255
100.0% N/A
 
Maplewood ManorMHBrunswickME296

98.3% 99.7% 
MerrymeetingMHBrunswickME43

100.0% 93.0% 
Saco / Old Orchard Beach KOA (2)
RVSacoME
191
N/A
 N/A
 
Town & Country VillageMHLisbonME144

97.9% 95.8% 
Wagon Wheel RV Resort & Campground (2)
RVOld Orchard BeachME237
49
100.0% 100.0% 
Wild Acres RV Resort & Campground (2)
RVOld Orchard BeachME314
316
100.0% 100.0% 
Southern Hills / Northridge PlaceMHStewartvilleMN475

98.5% 98.1%
(1) 
Pin Oak ParcMHO'FallonMO502

99.2% 98.0% 
SouthforkMHBeltonMO474

67.7% 68.6% 
Countryside VillageMHGreat FallsMT226

94.7% 97.3% 
Coastal PlantationMHHampsteadNC101

100.0% N/A
(5) 
Fort Tatham RV Resort & Campground (2)
RVSylvaNC59
31
100.0% 100.0% 
Glen LaurelMHConcordNC260

100.0% 99.2% 
Jellystone Park™ at Golden Valley (2)
RVBosticNC
182
N/A
 N/A
 
MeadowbrookMHCharlotteNC321

100.0% 99.7% 
Brook RidgeMHHooksettNH91

100.0% N/A
(5) 
CrestwoodMHConcordNH320

98.4% N/A
(5) 
SUN COMMUNITIES, INC.

PropertyMH/RVCityStateMH and Annual RV Sites as of 12/31/18Transient RV Sites as of 12/31/18Occupancy as of 12/31/18Occupancy as of 12/31/17MH/RVCityStateMH and Annual RV Sites as of 12/31/19Transient RV Sites as of 12/31/19Occupancy as of 12/31/19Occupancy as of 12/31/18
Fort Whaley RV Resort & Campground (2)
RVWhaleyvilleMD
179
N/A
 N/A
 
Frontier Town RV Resort & Campground (2)
RVBerlinMD
584
N/A
 N/A
 
Jellystone Park™ at Maryland (2)
RVWilliamsportMD
226
N/A
 N/A
 
Maplewood ManorMHBrunswickME296

99.7% 99.3% 
MerrymeetingMHBrunswickME43

93.0% 100.0% 
Saco / Old Orchard Beach KOA (2)
RVSacoME
196
N/A
 N/A
 
Town & Country VillageMHLisbonME144

95.8% 99.3% 
Wagon Wheel RV Resort & Campground (2)
RVOld Orchard BeachME231
55
100.0% 100.0% 
Wild Acres RV Resort & Campground (2)
RVOld Orchard BeachME309
321
100.0% 100.0% 
Southern Hills / Northridge PlaceMHStewartvilleMN475

98.1%
(1) 
92.8%
(1) 
Pin Oak ParcMHO’FallonMO502

98.0% 96.6% 
SouthforkMHBeltonMO474

68.6% 65.0% 
Countryside VillageMHGreat FallsMT226

97.3% 98.7% 
Fort Tatham RV Resort & Campground (2)
RVSylvaNC56
34
100.0% 100.0% 
Glen LaurelMHConcordNC260

99.2% 98.5% 
MeadowbrookMHCharlotteNC321

99.7% 100.0% 
Farmwood VillageMHDoverNH159

98.7% N/A
(5) 
Glen Ellis Family Campground (2)
RVGlenNH40
238
100.0% N/A
(5) 
Hannah VillageMHLebanonNH81

100.0% N/A
(5) 
HemlocksMHTiltonNH103

99.0% N/A
(5) 
Mi-Te-Jo Campground (2)
RVMiltonNH106
118
100.0% N/A
 RVMiltonNH107
117
100.0% 100.0% 
River PinesMHNashuaNH480

98.8% N/A
(5) 
Strafford / Lake Winnipesaukee South KOARVStraffordNH

N/A
 N/A
 
Westward Shores Cottages & RV Resort (2)
RVWest OssipeeNH322
136
100.0% N/A
 RVWest OssipeeNH386
114
100.0% 100.0% 
Big Timber Lake RV Camping Resort (2)
RVCape May Court HouseNJ322
206
100.0% 100.0% 
Big Timber Lake RV Camping ResortRVCape May Court HouseNJ325
203
100.0% 100.0% 
Cape May CrossingMHCape MayNJ28

100.0% 100.0% MHCape MayNJ28

100.0% 100.0% 
Cape May KOA (2)
RVCape MayNJ367
262
100.0% 100.0% 
Deep RunMHCream RidgeNJ243

100.0% N/A
(5) 
Driftwood RV Resort & Campground (2)
RVClermontNJ621
86
100.0% 100.0% RVClemontNJ630
77
100.0% 100.0% 
Lake Laurie RV and Camping ResortRVCape MayNJ374
255
100.0% 100.0% 
Long Beach RV Resort & Campground (2)
RVBarnegatNJ167
47
100.0% 100.0% RVBarnegatNJ170
44
100.0% 100.0% 
Seashore Campsites & RV Resort (2)
RVCape MayNJ433
243
100.0% 100.0% RVCape MayNJ434
242
100.0% 100.0% 
Shady PinesMHGalloway TownshipNJ39

100.0% 97.5% MHGalloway Twp.NJ39

100.0% 100.0% 
Shady Pines RV Resort (2)
RVGalloway TownshipNJ55
40
100.0% 100.0% RVGalloway Twp.NJ52
43
100.0% 100.0% 
Sun Villa EstatesMHRenoNV324

99.7% 99.7% MHRenoNV324

99.7% 99.7% 
Adirondack Gateway RV Resort & Campground (2)
RVGansevoortNY293
47
100.0% 100.0% RVGansevoortNY302
40
100.0% 100.0% 
CherrywoodMHClintonNY176

80.7% N/A
(5) 
Jellystone Park™ at Birchwood AcresMHGreenfield ParkNY1

100.0% 100.0% MHGreenfield ParkNY1

100.0% 100.0% 
Jellystone Park™ at Birchwood Acres RV Resort (2)
RVGreenfield ParkNY95
209
100.0% 100.0% RVGreenfield ParkNY103
201
100.0% 100.0% 
Jellystone Park™ at Gardiner (2)
RVGardinerNY
320
N/A
 N/A
 RVGardinerNY
338
N/A
 N/A
 
Jellystone Park™ of Western New York (2)
RVNorth JavaNY10
349
100.0% 100.0% RVNorth JavaNY15
344
100.0% 100.0% 
Parkside VillageMHCheektowagaNY156

100.0% 100.0% MHCheektowagaNY156

100.0% 100.0% 
Sky HarborMHCheektowagaNY522

96.7% 94.8% MHCheektowagaNY522

98.3% 96.7% 
The Villas at Calla PointeMHCheektowagaNY116

98.3% 100.0% MHCheektowagaNY116

100.0% 98.3% 
Country Village EstatesMHOregon CityOR518

99.8% N/A
(5) 
Forest MeadowsMHPhilomathOR75

98.7% 100.0% MHPhilomathOR75

100.0% 98.7% 
Oceanside RV Resort & Campground (2)
RVCoos BayOR
88
N/A

N/A
 RVCoos BayOR
86
N/A
 N/A
 
Woodland Park EstatesMHEugeneOR398

99.7% 100.0% MHEugeneOR398

100.0% 99.7% 
Countryside EstatesMHMckeanPA304

98.0% 98.7% MHMckeanPA304

95.4% 98.0% 
Jellystone Park™ at Quarryville (2)
RVQuarryvillePA
243
N/A
 N/A
 RVQuarryvillePA
256
N/A
 N/A
 
Lake in Wood RV Resort (2)
RVNarvonPA278
141
100.0% 100.0% RVNarvonPA276
145
100.0% 100.0% 
Pheasant RidgeMHLancasterPA553

100.0% 100.0% 
Carolina Pines RV Resort (2)
RVConwaySC75
420
100.0% % 
Country LakesMHLittle RiverSC136

95.6% N/A
(5) 
CrossroadsMHAikenSC171

25.7% N/A
(5) 
Crossroads RV Resort (2)
RVAikenSC17
5
100.0% % 
Lakeside CrossingMHConwaySC688

76.6%
(1) 
82.7%
(1) 
Ocean PinesMHGarden CitySC579

99.5% N/A
(5) 
Southern PalmsMHLadsonSC194

100.0%
N/A
(5) 
Bell CrossingMHClarksvilleTN237

98.7% 97.5% 
Jellystone Park™ at Memphis (2)
RVHorn LakeTN
155
N/A
 N/A
 
River Plantation RV Resort (2)
RVSeviervilleTN
308
N/A
 N/A
 
Archview RV Resort & Campground (2)
RVMoabUT
113
N/A
 N/A
 
Canyonlands RV Resort & Campground (2)
RVMoabUT
131
N/A
 N/A
 
Moab Valley RV Resort & Campground (2)
RVMoabUT
131
N/A
 N/A
 
Pony Express RV Resort & Campground (2)
RVNorth Salt LakeUT
185
N/A
 N/A
 
SUN COMMUNITIES, INC.

PropertyMH/RVCityStateMH and Annual RV Sites as of 12/31/18Transient RV Sites as of 12/31/18Occupancy as of 12/31/18Occupancy as of 12/31/17
Pheasant RidgeMHLancasterPA553

100.0% 99.8% 
Lakeside CrossingMHConwaySC588

82.7%
(1) 
76.0%
(1) 
Bell CrossingMHClarksvilleTN237

97.5% 99.2% 
Jellystone Park™ at Memphis (2)
RVHorn LakeTN
155
N/A
 N/A
 
Archview RV Resort & Campground (2)
RVMoabUT
114
N/A
 N/A
 
Canyonlands RV Resort & Campground (2)
RVMoabUT
131
N/A
 N/A
 
Moab Valley RV Resort & Campground (2)
RVMoabUT
131
N/A
 N/A
 
Pony Express RV Resort & Campground (2)
RVNorth Salt LakeUT
186
N/A
 N/A
 
Gwynn’s Island RV Resort & Campground (2)
RVGwynnVA102
27
100.0% 100.0% 
Jellystone Park™ at Luray (2)
RVEast LurayVA
255
N/A
 N/A
 
New Point RV Resort (2)
RVNew PointVA247
77
100.0% 100.0% 
Pine RidgeMHPrince GeorgeVA323

82.4%
(1) 
90.9%
(1) 
Sunset Beach RV Resort (3)
RVCape CharlesVA

N/A
 N/A
 
Thunderhill EstatesMHSturgeon BayWI266

93.6% 99.1% 
Westward Ho RV Resort & Campground (2)
RVGlenbeulahWI226
96
100.0% 100.0% 
Other Total   15,847
6,206
96.7% 96.0% 
          
US TOTAL / AVERAGE   105,118
18,445
96.0% 95.6% 
          
CANADA         
Arran Lake RV Resort & Campground (2)
RVAllenfordON149
40
100.0% 100.0% 
Craigleith RV Resort & Campground (2)
RVClarksburgON68
43
100.0% 100.0% 
Deer Lake RV Resort & Campground (2)
RVHuntsvilleON168
72
100.0% 100.0% 
Grand Oaks RV Resort & Campground (2)
RVCayugaON230
40
100.0% 100.0% 
Gulliver’s Lake RV Resort & CampgroundRVMillgroveON199

100.0% 100.0% 
Hidden Valley RV Resort & Campground (2)
RVNormandaleON203
42
100.0% 100.0% 
Lafontaine RV Resort & Campground (2)
RVTinyON187
76
100.0% 100.0% 
Lake Avenue RV Resort & Campground (2)
RVCherry ValleyON115
12
100.0% 100.0% 
Pickerel Park RV Resort & Campground (2)
RVNapaneeON148
61
100.0% 100.0% 
Sherkston Shores Beach Resort & Campground (2)
RVSherkstonON1,419
296
100.0% 100.0% 
Silver Birches RV Resort & Campground (2)
RVLambton ShoresON132
30
100.0% 100.0% 
Trailside RV Resort & Campground (2)
RVSeguinON185
52
100.0% 100.0% 
Willow Lake RV Resort & Campground (2)
RVScotlandON365
8
100.0% 100.0% 
Willowood RV Resort & Campground (2)
RVAmherstburgON116
211
100.0% 100.0% 
Woodland Lake RV Resort & Campground (2)
RVBornholmON161
63
100.0% 100.0% 
CANADA TOTAL / AVERAGE   3,845
1,046
100.0% 100.0% 
          
COMPANY TOTAL / AVERAGE   108,963
19,491
96.1% 95.8% 

PropertyMH/RVCityStateMH and Annual RV Sites as of 12/31/19Transient RV Sites as of 12/31/19Occupancy as of 12/31/19Occupancy as of 12/31/18
Slickrock RV Resort & Campground (2)
RVMoabUT
193
N/A
 N/A
 
Chincoteague Island KOA RV Resort (3)
RVChincoteagueVA

N/A
 N/A
 
Gwynn's Island RV Resort & Campground (2)
RVGwynnVA107
22
100.0% 100.0% 
Jellystone Park™ at Luray (2)
RVEast LurayVA
255
N/A
 N/A
 
New Point RV Resort (2)
RVNew PointVA277
47
100.0% 100.0% 
Pine RidgeMHPrince GeorgeVA376

90.2%
(1) 
82.4%
(1) 
Sunset Beach RV Resort (3)
RVCape CharlesVA

N/A
 N/A
 
Thunderhill EstatesMHSturgeon BayWI266

98.5% 93.6% 
Westward Ho RV Resort & Campground (2)
RVGlenbeulahWI225
97
100.0% 100.0% 
Other Total   22,572
8,495
96.0% 96.7% 
          
US TOTAL / AVERAGE   115,846
20,477
96.3% 96.0% 
          
CANADA         
Arran Lake RV Resort & Campground (2)
RVAllenfordON166
23
100.0% 100.0% 
Craigleith RV Resort & Campground (2)
RVClarksburgON85
26
100.0% 100.0% 
Deer Lake RV Resort & Campground (2)
RVHuntsvilleON179
62
100.0% 100.0% 
Grand Oaks RV Resort & Campground (2)
RVCayugaON234
44
100.0% 100.0% 
Gulliver's Lake RV Resort & Campground (2)
RVMillgroveON198

100.0% 100.0% 
Hidden Valley RV Resort & Campground (2)
RVNormandaleON204
41
100.0% 100.0% 
Lafontaine RV Resort & Campground (2)
RVTinyON210
53
100.0% 100.0% 
Lake Avenue RV Resort & Campground (2)
RVCherry ValleyON124
12
100.0% 100.0% 
Pickerel Park RV Resort & Campground (2)
RVNapaneeON148
61
100.0% 100.0% 
Sherkston Shores Beach Resort & Campground (2)
RVSherkstonON1,454
327
100.0% 100.0% 
Silver Birches RV Resort & Campground (2)
RVLambton ShoresON133
29
100.0% 100.0% 
Trailside RV Resort & Campground (2)
RVSeguinON197
40
100.0% 100.0% 
Willow Lake RV Resort & Campground (2)
RVScotlandON371
2
100.0% 100.0% 
Willowood RV Resort & Campground (2)
RVAmherstburgON139
188
100.0% 100.0% 
Woodland Lake RV Resort & Campground (2)
RVBornholmON189
31
100.0% 100.0% 
CANADA TOTAL / AVERAGE   4,031
939
100.0% 100.0% 
          
COMPANY TOTAL / AVERAGE   119,877
21,416
96.4% 96.1% 
(1) Occupancy in these Properties reflects the fact that these communities are in a lease-up phase following an expansion.expansion, redevelopment or initial construction.
(2) Occupancy percentage excludes transient RV sites. Percentage calculated by dividing revenue producing sites by developed sites. A revenue producing site is defined as a site that is occupied by a paying resident or reserved by a customer with annual or seasonal usage rights. A developed site is defined as an adequate sized parcel of land that has road and utility access which is zoned and licensed (if required) for use as a home site.
(3) We have an ownership interest in Sunset Beach, Strafford, and Chincoteague Island, but do not maintain and operate the property.
(4) Occupancy in these Properties forat 12/31/20182019 reflects redevelopment following asset impairments resulting from Hurricane Irma in September 2017.
(5) No occupancy in 2018 as communities were acquired in 2019.
SUN COMMUNITIES, INC.

ITEM 3. LEGAL PROCEEDINGS

We are involved in various legal proceedings arising in the ordinary course of business. All such proceedings, taken together, are not expected to have a material adverse impact on our results of operations or financial condition.

ITEM 4. MINE SAFETY DISCLOSURES

None.
SUN COMMUNITIES, INC.

EXECUTIVE OFFICERS OF THE REGISTRANT

The persons listed below are our executive officers.

Name AgeTitle
Gary A. Shiffman64Chairman and Chief Executive Officer
John B. McLaren48President and Chief Operating Officer
Karen J. Dearing54Executive Vice President, Treasurer, Chief Financial Officer and Secretary
Jonathan M. Colman63Executive Vice President

Gary A. Shiffman is our Chairman and Chief Executive Officer and has been a director and an executive officer since our inception in 1993. He is a member of our Executive Committee. He has been actively involved in the management, acquisition, construction and development of manufactured housing communities and has developed an extensive network of industry relationships over the past thirty years. He has overseen the acquisition, rezoning, development, expansion and marketing of numerous manufactured home communities, as well as recreational vehicle communities. Additionally, Mr. Shiffman, through his family-related interests, has had significant direct holdings in various real estate asset classes, which include office, multi-family, industrial, residential and retail. Mr. Shiffman is an executive officer and a director of SHS and all of our other corporate subsidiaries.

John B. McLaren has been in the manufactured housing industry since 1995. He has served as our President since 2014 and as our Chief Operating Officer since 2008. From 2008 to 2014, he served as an Executive Vice President of the Company. From 2005 to 2008, he was Senior Vice President of SHS with overall responsibility for home sales and leasing. Mr. McLaren spent approximately three years as Vice President of Leasing & Service for SHS with responsibility for developing and leading our Rental Program and also has experience in the multi-family REIT segment and the chattel lending industry.

Karen J. Dearing has served as our Chief Financial Officer and Executive Vice President since 2008. She joined us in 1998 as the Director of Finance where she worked extensively with accounting and finance matters related to our ground-up developments and expansions. Ms. Dearing became our Corporate Controller in 2002 and Senior Vice President in 2006. She is responsible for the overall management of our information technology, accounting, tax and finance departments, and all internal and external financial reporting. Prior to working for us, Ms. Dearing had 7.5 years of experience as the Financial Controller of a privately-owned automotive supplier and 4.5 years of experience as a certified public accountant with Deloitte.

Jonathan M. Colman has served as an Executive Vice President since March 2003. He joined us in 1994 as Vice President-Acquisitions and became a Senior Vice President in 1995. A certified public accountant, Mr. Colman has over thirty-five years of experience in the manufactured housing community industry. Prior to joining Sun, he was involved in the acquisition, financing and management of over 75 manufactured housing communities for two of the 10 largest manufactured housing community owners, including Uniprop, Inc. during its syndication of over $90.0 million in public limited partnerships in the late 1980s. Mr. Colman is also a Vice President of all of our corporate subsidiaries.


SUN COMMUNITIES, INC.

PART II

ITEM 5.MARKET FOR REGISTRANT’S COMMON EQUITY, RELATED STOCKHOLDER MATTERS AND ISSUER PURCHASES OF EQUITY SECURITIES

Market Information

Our common stock has been listed on the NYSE since December 8, 1993, and traded under the symbol “SUI”.

On February 14, 2019,13, 2020, the closing share price of our common stock was $113.68165.97 per share on the NYSE, and there were 238283 holders of record for the 86,380,50293,319,200 outstanding shares of common stock.

On February 14, 2019,13, 2020, the following OP units of the Operating Partnership had (i) 2,720,427 common OP units issued and outstanding, not held by us, which were convertible into an equal number of shares of our common stock, (ii) 1,283,819 Aspen preferred OP units issued and outstanding which were exchangeable for 435,222 shares of our common stock, (iii) 328,991 Series A-1 preferred OP units issued and outstanding which were exchangeable for 802,417 shares of our common stock, (iv) 40,268 Series A-3 preferred OP units issued and outstanding which were exchangeable for 74,917 shares of our common stock, (v) 410,364 Series A-4 preferred OP units issued and outstanding, not held by us, which were exchangeable for 182,384 shares of our common stock, (vi) 314,438 Series C preferred OP units issued and outstanding which were exchangeable for 349,026 shares of our common stock, and (vii) 488,958 Series D preferred OP units issued and outstanding which were exchangeable for 391,166 shares of our common stock.outstanding:
OP Units 
OP units
issued and outstanding
 
Exchangeable
shares of common stock
Aspen preferred OP units 1,283,819
 399,872
Series A-1 preferred OP units 307,634
 750,327
Series C preferred OP units 310,424
 344,571
Series D preferred OP units 488,958
 391,166
Series E preferred OP units 90,000
 62,069
Series A-3 preferred OP units 40,268
 74,917
Common OP units 2,408,210
 2,408,210
  4,929,313
 4,431,132

We have historically paid regular quarterly distributions to holders of our common stock and common OP units. In addition, we are obligated to make distributions to holders of shares of Series A-4 preferred stock, Aspen preferred OP units, Series A-1 preferred OP units, Series A-3C preferred OP units, Series A-4D preferred OP units, Series CE preferred OP units, and Series DA-3 preferred OP units. See “Structure of the Company” under Part I, Item 1 of this Annual Report on Form 10-K. Our ability to make distributions on our common stock and preferred stock and OP units, payments on our indebtedness, and to fund planned capital expenditures will depend on our ability to generate cash in the future. The decision to declare and pay distributions on shares of our common stock and common OP units in the future, as well as the timing, amount, and composition of any such future distributions, will be at the sole discretion of our Board of Directors in light of conditions then existing, including our earnings, financial condition, capital requirements, debt maturities, the availability of debt and equity capital, applicable REIT and legal restrictions, general overall economic conditions, and other factors.

Securities Authorized for Issuance Under Equity Compensation Plans

The following table reflects information about the securities authorized for issuance under our equity compensation plans as of December 31, 2018:2019:
 Number of securities to be issued upon exercise of outstanding options, warrants and rights Weighted-average exercise price of outstanding options, warrants and rights Number of shares of common stock remaining available for future issuance under equity compensation plans (excluding securities reflected in column a) Number of securities to be issued upon exercise of outstanding options, warrants and rights Weighted-average exercise price of outstanding options, warrants and rights Number of shares of common stock remaining available for future issuance under equity compensation plans (excluding securities reflected in column a)
Plan Category (a) (b) (c) (a) (b) (c)
Equity compensation plans approved by stockholders 3,000
 $33.45
 1,136,194
 1,500
 $37.35
 974,864
Equity compensation plans not approved by stockholders 
 
 
 
 
 
Total 3,000
 $
 1,136,194
 1,500
 
 974,864

Issuer Purchases of Equity Securities

In November 2004, our Board of Directors authorized us to repurchase up to 1,000,000 shares of our common stock. We have 400,000 common shares remaining in the repurchase program. No common shares were repurchased under this program during 2018 or 2017. There is no expiration date specified for the repurchase program.
SUN COMMUNITIES, INC.

Recent Sales of Unregistered Securities

From time to time, we may issue shares of common stock in exchange for OP units that may be tendered to the Operating Partnership for redemption in accordance with the terms and provisions of the limited partnership agreement of the Operating Partnership.
SUN COMMUNITIES, INC.

Such shares are issued based on the exchange ratios and formulas described in “Structure of the Company” under Part I, Item 1 of this Annual Report on Form 10-K. Below is the activity of conversions during 2018, 2017,for the quarter and 2016:year ended December 31, 2019:
  
Year Ended
December 31, 2018
 Year Ended December 31, 2017 Year Ended December 31, 2016
SeriesConversion RateUnits / SharesCommon Stock Units / SharesCommon Stock Units/SharesCommon Stock
Common OP unit1
20,608
20,608
 36,055
36,055
 104,106
104,106
Series A-1 preferred OP unit2.439
13,430
32,752
 21,919
53,456
 20,691
50,458
Series A-4 preferred OP unit0.4444
13,765
6,116
 10,000
4,440
 120,906
53,733
Series A-4 preferred stock0.4444
22,576
10,033
 158,036
70,238
 385,242
171,218
Series C preferred OP unit1.11
1,919
2,130
 16,806
18,651
 7,043
7,815
    Three Months Ended December 31, 2019 Year Ended December 31, 2019
OP units Conversion Rate Units / SharesCommon Stock Units / SharesCommon Stock
Common OP units 1.0000 42,471
42,471
 485,629
485,629
Series A-1 preferred OP units 2.4390 6,975
17,007
 22,707
55,370
Series A-4 preferred OP units 0.4444 

 4,708
2,092
Series A-4 preferred stock 0.4444 1,051,501
467,320
 1,062,789
472,366
Series C preferred OP units 1.1100 

 4,014
4,455

In addition to the shares of common stock issued pursuant to OP unit conversions above, we issued 298,9001,972,876 shares of common stock totaling $26.4 million on July 27, 2017October 30, 2019 in connection with an acquisition.

All of the securities described above were issued in private placements in reliance on Section 4(a)(2) of the Securities Act, including Regulation D promulgated thereunder, based on certain investment representations made by the parties to whom the securities were issued. No underwriters were used in connection with any of such issuances.

Performance Graph

Set forth below is a line graph comparing the yearly percentage change in the cumulative total shareholder return on our common stock against the cumulative total return of a broad market index composed of all issuers listed on the NYSE and an industry index comprised of fourteen13 publicly traded REITs, for the five year period ending on December 31, 2018.2019. This line graph assumes a $100 investment on December 31, 2013,2014, a reinvestment of distributions and actual increase of the market value of our common stock relative to an initial investment of $100. The$100.The comparisons in this table are required by the SEC and are not intended to forecast or be indicative of possible future performance of our common stock.

Peer Group

We utilize peer group data for quantitative benchmarking against external market participants. We select our peer group based on a number of quantitative and qualitative factors including, but not limited to, revenues, total assets, market capitalization, industry, sub-industry, location, total shareholder return history, executive compensation components, and peer decisions made by other companies. From time to time, we update our peer group based on analysis of the aforementioned factors and application of judgment. During 2018,2019, we updated our peer group, as shown in the “SUI New Peer Group” caption in the table below.

SUN COMMUNITIES, INC.

performancechart.jpgitem5sunperformance.jpg
  Period Ending
Index 12/31/13 12/31/14 12/31/15 12/31/16 12/31/17 12/31/18
Sun Communities, Inc. $100.00
 $149.16
 $175.79
 $203.42
 $254.12
 $286.81
SNL U.S. REIT Residential Index $100.00
 $136.85
 $159.22
 $167.16
 $181.83
 $184.77
NYSE Composite Index $100.00
 $106.75
 $102.38
 $114.61
 $136.07
 $123.89
SUI New Peer Group (1)
 $100.00
 $138.90
 $159.06
 $163.79
 $167.48
 $163.60
SUI Old Peer Group (2)
 $100.00
 $137.53
 $158.50
 $167.15
 $174.93
 $175.02

  Year Ended
Index December 31, 2014 December 31, 2015 December 31, 2016 December 31, 2017 December 31, 2018 December 31, 2019
Sun Communities, Inc. $100.00
 $117.89
 $136.51
 $170.55
 $192.54
 $290.57
SNL U.S. REIT Residential Index $100.00
 $116.35
 $122.15
 $132.87
 $135.24
 $172.60
NYSE Composite Index $100.00
 $95.91
 $107.36
 $127.46
 $116.06
 $145.66
SUI New Peer Group (1)
 $100.00
 $118.97
 $120.98
 $128.53
 $127.38
 $159.20
SUI Old Peer Group (2)
 $100.00
 $114.52
 $117.98
 $120.65
 $117.90
 $146.89
(1) SUI new peer group includes: American Campus Communities, Inc., Apartment Investment and Management Company, AvalonBay Communities, Inc., Brandywine Realty Trust, Camden Property Trust, CubeSmart, Equity Lifestyles Properties, Inc., Essex Property Trust, Inc., Mid-America Apartment Communities, Inc., Macerich Company, Kimco Realty Corp., UDR,Extra Space Storage Inc., Federal Realty Investment Trust, Invitation Homes, Inc., Mid-America Apartment Communities, Inc., The Macerich Company, and Weingarten Realty Investors.UDR, Inc.
(2) SUI old peer group included: American Campus Communities, Inc., Apartment Investment and Management Company, AvalonBay Communities, Inc., Brandywine Realty Trust, Camden Property Trust, CubeSmart, Equity Lifestyles Properties, Inc., Essex Property Trust, Inc., Federal Realty Investment Trust, Kimco Realty Corp., The Macerich Company, Mid-America Apartment Communities, Inc., Tanger Factory Outlet Centers, Inc., Taubman Centers, Inc., UDR, Inc., and Weingarten Realty Investors.


The information included under the heading “Performance Graph” is not to be treated as “soliciting material” or as “filed” with the SEC, and is not incorporated by reference into any filing by the Company under the Securities Act or the Exchange Act that is made on, before or after the date of filing of this Annual Report on Form 10-K.


SUN COMMUNITIES, INC.

ITEM 6. SELECTED FINANCIAL DATA

The following table sets forth selected financial information on a historical basis. The historical financial data has been derived from our historical financial statements. The following information should be read in conjunction with the information included
SUN COMMUNITIES, INC.

in “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations,” and the Consolidated Financial Statements and the Notes thereto. In addition to the results presented in accordance with GAAP below, we have provided net operating income (“NOI”) and funds from operations (“FFO”) as a supplemental performance measures.measure. Refer to Non-GAAP Financial Measures in Item 7 below for additional information.
 Year Ended December 31,
 2018 
2017 (1)
 
2016 (1)
 
2015 (1)
 
2014 (1)
 (In thousands, except for share related data)
FINANCIAL INFORMATION         
Total revenues$1,126,825
 $982,570
 $833,778
 $674,731
 $484,259
Net income$120,158
 $81,819
 $31,471
 $170,473
 $33,196
Net income attributable to Sun Communities, Inc. common stockholders$105,493
 $65,021
 $17,369
 $137,325
 $22,376
Earnings per share - basic$1.29
 $0.85
 $0.27
 $2.53
 $0.54
Earnings per share - diluted$1.29
 $0.85
 $0.26
 $2.52
 $0.54
          
Cash distributions declared per common share$2.84
 $2.68
 $2.60
 $2.60
 $2.60
          
FFO attributable to Sun Communities, Inc. common stockholders and dilutive convertible securities$385,615
 $320,119
 $225,653
 $192,128
 $134,549
Core FFO attributable to Sun Communities, Inc. common stockholders and dilutive convertible securities$394,369
 $337,384
 $266,131
 $210,559
 $148,356
FFO attributable to Sun Communities, Inc. common stockholders and dilutive convertible securities per share - fully diluted$4.48
 $3.95
 $3.22
 $3.31
 $3.06
Core FFO attributable to Sun Communities, Inc. common stockholders and dilutive convertible securities per share - fully diluted$4.58
 $4.17
 $3.79
 $3.63
 $3.37
          
BALANCE SHEETS         
Total assets$6,710,026
 $6,111,957
 $5,870,776
 $4,181,799
 $2,925,546
Total debt$3,124,303
 $3,079,238
 $3,110,042
 $2,336,297
 $1,819,941
Total liabilities$3,479,112
 $3,405,204
 $3,441,605
 $2,562,421
 $1,997,540

 Year Ended
 December 31, 2019 
December 31, 2018 (1)
 
December 31, 2017 (1)
 
December 31, 2016 (1)
 
December 31, 2015 (1)
 (In thousands, except for share related data)
Financial Information         
Total revenues$1,264,037
 $1,126,825
 $982,570
 $833,778
 $674,731
Net income$177,379
 $120,158
 $81,819
 $31,471
 $170,473
Net Income attributable to Sun Communities Inc. common stockholders$160,265
 $105,493
 $65,021
 $17,369
 $137,325
Basic earnings per share$1.80
 $1.29
 $0.85
 $0.27
 $2.53
Diluted earnings per share$1.80
 $1.29
 $0.85
 $0.26
 $2.52
          
Cash distributions declared per common share$3.00
 $2.84
 $2.68
 $2.60
 $2.60
          
FFO common stockholders and dilutive convertible securities$440,687
 $385,615
 $320,119
 $225,653
 $192,128
Core FFO common stockholders and dilutive convertible securities$456,932
 $394,369
 $337,384
 $266,131
 $210,559
FFO common stockholders and dilutive convertible securities per share - fully diluted$4.75
 $4.48
 $3.95
 $3.22
 $3.31
Core FFO common stockholders and dilutive convertible securities per share - fully diluted$4.92
 $4.58
 $4.17
 $3.79
 $3.63
          
Balance Sheets         
Total assets$7,802,060
 $6,710,026

$6,111,957
 $5,870,776
 $4,181,799
Total debt$3,434,402
 $3,124,303

$3,079,238
 $3,110,042
 $2,336,297
Total liabilities$3,848,104
 $3,479,112

$3,405,204
 $3,441,605
 $2,562,421
(1) Financial information has been revised to reflect certain reclassifications in prior periods to conform to current period presentation.

SUN COMMUNITIES, INC.

ITEM 7.MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATION


The following discussion and analysis of the consolidated financial condition and results of operations should be read in conjunction with the Consolidated Financial Statements and accompanying footnotes thereto included in this Annual Report on Form 10-K. In addition to the results presented in accordance with GAAP below, we have provided NOI and FFO as supplemental performance measures. Refer to Non-GAAP Financial Measures in this Item 7 for additional information.

OVERVIEW

We are a fully integrated, self-administered and self-managed REIT. As of December 31, 2018,2019, we owned and operated or hadheld an interest in a portfolio of 371422 developed properties located in 33 states throughout the United States and Ontario,one province in Canada, including 230266 MH communities, 110122 RV communities, and 3134 properties containing both MH and RV sites. We have been in the business of acquiring, operating, developing, and expanding MH and RV communities since 1975. We lease individual sites with utility access for placement of manufactured homes and RVs to our customers. We are also engaged through SHS in the marketing, selling, and leasing of new and pre-owned homes to current and future residents in our communities. The operations of SHS support and enhance our occupancy levels, property performance, and cash flows.

EXECUTIVE SUMMARY

2018 Accomplishments:2019 Accomplishments

Total revenues for 20182019 increased 14.712.2 percent to $1.1$1.3 billion.
Core FFO for 20182019 was $4.58$4.92 per diluted share and OP unit, an increase of 9.87.4 percent over 2017.2018.
Achieved Same Community NOI growth of 6.77.3 percent.
Gained 2,6002,674 revenue producing sites.
Reached Same Community occupancy of 98.0 percent, excluding approximately 2,100 recently completed, but vacant expansion sites.
Sold 3,629 homes, an increase of 10.6 percent over 2017.98.4 percent.
Brokered homes sales increased by 7.03.9 percent to 2,231 in 2019 as compared to 2,147 in 2018 as compared to 2,006 in 2017.2018.
Achieved 1-year, 3-year and 5-year total shareholder return of 14.250.9 percent, 66.9112.8 percent and 191.3190.2 percent, respectively, outperforming the MSCI US REIT, Russell 1000, U.S. REIT Residential, and S&P 500 indexes.
Delivered approximately 1,3001,230 expansion sites in 1316 communities.
Completed the construction of approximately 1,100 sites at four ground-up developments and one re-development community.
Acquired 20the Jensen Portfolio containing 31 MH communities in desirable areas along the Atlantic Coast.
Including the Jensen Portfolio, acquired 47 communities, totaling over 10,000 sites, for a total considerationpurchase price of $349.1$815.2 million.
Entered into a strategic investment with Ingenia Communities Group (“Ingenia”) along with a development joint venture.

Property Operations:Operations

Occupancy in our Properties, as well as our ability to increase rental rates, directly affectsaffect revenues. Our revenue streams are predominantly derived from customers renting our sites on a long-term basis. Our Same Community properties continue to achieve revenue and occupancy increases which drive continued NOI growth. We continue to sell homes at a high level in our communities and expect this trend to continue.
 Year Ended December 31, Year Ended
Portfolio Information: 2018 2017 2016 December 31, 2019 December 31, 2018 December 31, 2017
Occupancy % - Total Portfolio - MH and RV blended (1)
 96.1% 95.8% 96.2% 96.4% 96.1% 95.8%
Occupancy % - Same Community - MH and RV blended (1)(2)(3)
 98.0% 97.3% 96.6% 98.4% 98.0% 97.3%
Core FFO $4.58
 $4.17
 $3.79
 $4.92
 $4.58
 $4.17
NOI - Total Portfolio (in thousands)
 $533,321
 $479,662
 $403,337
 $597,406
 $533,321
 $479,662
NOI - Same Community (in thousands)
 $512,357
 $382,210
 $332,919
 $558,296
 $539,511
 $386,807
Homes Sold 3,629
 3,282
 3,172
 3,439
 3,629
 3,282
Number of Occupied Rental Homes 10,994
 11,074
 10,733
 11,325
 10,994
 11,074
(1)  Occupancy percent includes annual RV sites and excludes transient RV sites.
(2) Occupancy percent excludes recently completed but vacant expansion sites.
(3) Same community is based on the as reported year end same community count for each respective year.

SUN COMMUNITIES, INC.

Acquisition Activity:Activity

During the past three years, we have completed acquisitions of over 13075 properties with over 36,000approximately 18,000 sites located in high growth areas and retirement and vacation destinations such as California, Florida, Texas, Arizona and Utah along withthe Eastern United States coastal areas and Ontario, Canada.areas.

During 2018,2019, we acquired 2047 (1) communities, as detailed below:
Community Name Type Sites Development Sites State Month Acquired
Slickrock Campground RV 193
 
 UT December
Pandion Ridge RV 142
 351
 AL November
Jensen Portfolio (2)
 MH 5,230
 466
 Various October
Glen Ellis RV 244
 40
 NH September
Leisure Point Resort (3)
 MH / RV 502
 
 DE September
Reunion Lake RV 202
 69
 LA July
River Plantation RV 309
 
 TN May
Massey’s Landing RV RV 291
 
 DE February
Shelby Properties (4)
 MH 1,308
 
 MI February
Buena Vista MH 400
 
 AZ February
Country Village Estates (5)
 MH 518
 
 OR January
Hid’n Pines RV RV 321
 
 ME January
Hacienda del Rio MH (Age-Restricted) 730
 
 FL January
  Total 10,390
 926
    
(1) Refer to Note 3, “Acquisitions” for information on the Chula Vista, Chincoteague Island KOA RV Resort, and Strafford/Lake Winnipesaukee South KOA RV Resort ground leases not included in the table below:
Property/Portfolio State Type 
Total Consideration (in thousands)
 Number of sites Expansion Sites
Leaf Verde RV Resort Arizona RV $11,647
 376
 
Archview RV Resort & Campground Utah RV 14,550
 114
 50
Petoskey KOA RV Resort Michigan RV 9,000
 210
 
The Sands RV & Golf Resort California RV 14,250
 507
 
Sun NG RV Resorts LLC (1)(2)
 Various RV 241,878
 2,700
 940
Silver Creek RV Resort Michigan RV 7,250
 264
 176
Highway West (1)
 Utah and Oregon RV 36,500
 536
 
Compass RV Resort Florida RV 14,000
 175
 
Total     $349,075
 4,882
 1,166
(1) Highway West and Sun NG RV Resorts LLC are comprised of 4 RV and 10 RV resorts, respectively.above.
(2) Refer to Note 8, “Consolidated Variable Interest Entities,” Note 9, “DebtContains 31 communities located in CT, GA, MD, NH, NJ, NY, NC and LinesSC. In conjunction with the acquisition, we issued 1,972,876 shares of Credit,”common stock, net of fractional shares paid in cash.
(3) Contains 201 MH sites and Note 10, “Equity and Mezzanine Securities” in our accompanying Consolidated Financial Statements for additional information.301 RV sites.
(4) Contains two MH communities.
(5) In conjunction with the acquisition, we issued Series D Preferred OP units. As of December 31, 2019, 488,958 Series D Preferred OP units were outstanding.


In 2018, we acquired the following land for expansion / development:
Name Location Type Expansion / Development Sites Cost (millions) Month Acquired
Ocean West McKinleyville, CA MH 26
 $0.2
 December
Water Oak Country Club Estates Lady Lake, FL MH 296
 $1.9
 November
Oak Crest Austin, TX MH 220
 $4.2
 October
Pecan Park RV Resort Jacksonville, FL RV 158
 $1.3
 September
Smith Creek Crossing Granby, CO MH 310
 $0.9
 September
Apple Carr Egelston, MI MH 121
 $0.2
 May
River Run Ranch Granby, CO MH / RV 1,144
 $5.3
 May
    Total 2,275
 $14.0
  
Construction Activity


Expansion Activity:Ground-up Developments - During the year ended December 31, 2019, we constructed nearly 1,100 sites at four ground-up development communities and one re-development located in Colorado, Florida, North Carolina and South Carolina. We expect to construct 550 - 750 sites in 2020.

Expansions - We have been focused on expansion opportunities adjacent to our existing communities, and we have developed over 3,5004,600 sites within the past three years. We have expanded approximately 1,3001,230 sites at 1316 communities in 2018. The total cost to construct the sites was $56.7 million.2019. We continue to expand our Properties utilizing our inventory of owned and entitled land (approximately 11,30010,300 sites available for development)development in 84 communities) and expect to construct over 1,6001,000 - 1,200 additional expansion sites in 2019.2020.










SUN COMMUNITIES, INC.

Markets:Markets

Our Properties are largely concentrated in Florida, Michigan, Texas and California. We have expanded our market share in Californiamultiple states through recent acquisitions and increased our property holdings in other high growth areas of the U.S. including retirement and vacation destinations.

We have also experienced strong revenue growth through recent acquisitions of RV communities. The age demographic of RV communities is attractive, as the population of retirement age baby boomers in the U.S. is growing. RV communities have become a trending vacation opportunity not only for the retiree population, but as an affordable vacation alternative for families.families and millennials.

SUN COMMUNITIES, INC.

The following table identifies our markets by total sites:
December 31, 2018 December 31, 2017 December 31, 2019 December 31, 2018
Major MarketNumber of PropertiesTotal Sites% of Total Sites Number of PropertiesTotal Sites% of Total Sites Number of Properties Total Sites % of Total Sites Number of Properties Total Sites % of Total Sites
Florida124
43,791
34.1% 123
43,328
35.5% 125
 44,695
 31.6% 124
 43,791
 34.1%
Michigan70
27,080
21.1% 68
26,137
21.4% 72
 28,475
 20.2% 70
 27,080
 21.1%
Texas23
8,674
6.8% 21
7,974
6.5% 23
 9,238
 6.5% 23
 8,674
 6.8%
California30
7,706
6.0% 27
6,498
5.3% 31
 7,933
 5.6% 30
 7,706
 6.0%
Arizona12
5,259
4.1% 11
4,882
4.0% 13
 5,660
 4.0% 12
 5,259
 4.1%
Ontario, Canada15
4,891
3.8% 15
4,882
4.0% 15
 4,970
 3.5% 15
 4,891
 3.8%
Indiana11
3,608
2.8% 11
3,420
2.8% 11
 3,621
 2.6% 11
 3,608
 2.8%
New Jersey 8
 3,159
 2.2% 7
 2,916
 2.3%
Ohio9
2,920
2.3% 9
2,904
2.4% 9
 2,920
 2.1% 9
 2,920
 2.3%
New Jersey7
2,916
2.3% 7
2,917
2.4%
Colorado8
2,472
1.9% 8
2,481
2.0% 10
 2,714
 1.9% 8
 2,472
 1.9%
New York 8
 2,314
 1.6% 7
 2,118
 1.6%
South Carolina 6
 2,285
 1.6% 1
 588
 0.5%
New Hampshire 10
 2,236
 1.6% 2
 682
 0.5%
Illinois5
2,150
1.6% 5
2,150
1.8% 5
 2,150
 1.5% 5
 2,150
 1.6%
New York7
2,118
1.6% 6
1,757
1.4%
Connecticut 16
 2,005
 1.4% 1
 149
 0.1%
Maine6
1,595
1.2% 6
1,595
1.3% 7
 1,911
 1.4% 6
 1,595
 1.2%
Maryland 6
 1,825
 1.3% 4
 1,382
 1.1%
Delaware 4
 1,709
 1.2% 2
 916
 0.7%
Pennsylvania4
1,519
1.2% 3
1,277
1.1% 4
 1,534
 1.1% 4
 1,519
 1.2%
Maryland4
1,382
1.1% 3
1,156
1.0%
Georgia3
1,140
0.9% 3
1,139
0.9% 4
 1,355
 1.0% 3
 1,140
 0.9%
Virginia5
1,031
0.8% 4
718
0.6% 6
 1,084
 0.8% 5
 1,031
 0.8%
Oregon 4
 1,077
 0.8% 3
 561
 0.4%
Missouri2
976
0.8% 2
976
0.8% 2
 976
 0.7% 2
 976
 0.8%
Delaware2
916
0.7% 2
916
0.8%
New Hampshire2
682
0.5% 

%
North Carolina 5
 954
 0.7% 3
 671
 0.5%
Utah 5
 753
 0.5% 4
 562
 0.4%
Tennessee 3
 700
 0.5% 2
 392
 0.3%
Massachusetts2
679
0.5% 2
680
0.6% 2
 671
 0.5% 2
 679
 0.5%
North Carolina3
671
0.5% 3
672
0.6%
South Carolina1
588
0.5% 1
588
0.5%
Wisconsin2
588
0.5% 2
548
0.4% 2
 588
 0.4% 2
 588
 0.5%
Utah4
562
0.4% 

%
Oregon3
561
0.4% 2
473
0.4%
Minnesota1
475
0.4% 1
475
0.4% 1
 475
 0.3% 1
 475
 0.4%
Iowa1
413
0.3% 1
413
0.3% 1
 413
 0.3% 1
 413
 0.3%
Tennessee2
392
0.3% 1
237
0.2%
Nevada1
324
0.3% 1
324
0.3% 1
 324
 0.2% 1
 324
 0.3%
Montana1
226
0.2% 1
226
0.2% 1
 226
 0.2% 1
 226
 0.2%
Connecticut1
149
0.1% 1
149
0.1%
Louisiana 1
 201
 0.1% 
 
 %
Alabama 1
 142
 0.1% 
 
 %
371
128,454


 350
121,892
  422
 141,293
   371
 128,454
  
SUN COMMUNITIES, INC.

NON-GAAP FINANCIAL MEASURES

In addition to the results reported in accordance with GAAP in our “Results of Operations” below, we have provided information regarding NOI and FFO as supplemental performance measures. We believe NOI and FFO are appropriate measures given their wide use by and relevance to investors and analysts following the real estate industry. NOI provides a measure of rental operations and does not factor in depreciation, amortization and non-property specific expenses such as general and administrative expenses. FFO, reflecting the assumption that real estate values rise or fall with market conditions, principally adjusts for the effects of GAAP depreciation/amortization of real estate assets. In addition, NOI and FFO are commonly used in various ratios, pricing multiples/yields and returns and valuation calculations used to measure financial position, performance and value.

NOI is derived from revenues minus property operating expenses and real estate taxes. NOI does not represent cash generated fromis a non-GAAP financial measure that we believe is helpful to investors as a supplemental measure of operating activities in accordance withperformance because it is an indicator of the return on property investment and provides a method of comparing property performance over time. We use NOI as a key measure when evaluating performance and growth of particular properties and/or groups of properties. The principal limitation of NOI is that it excludes depreciation, amortization, interest expense and non-property specific expenses such as general and administrative expenses, all of which are significant costs. Therefore, NOI is a measure of the operating performance of our properties rather than of the Company overall.

We believe that GAAP andnet income (loss) is the most directly comparable measure to NOI. NOI should not be considered to be an alternative to GAAP net income (loss) (determined in accordance with GAAP) as an indication of the Company’sour financial performance or to be an alternative toGAAP cash flow from operating activities (determined in accordance with GAAP) as a measure of the Company’sour liquidity; nor is it indicative of funds available for the Company’sour cash needs, including itsour ability to make cash distributions. The Company believes that net income (loss) is the most directly comparable GAAP measurement to NOI. Because of the inclusion of items such as interest, depreciation, and amortization, the use of GAAP net income (loss) as a performance measure is limited as these items may not accurately reflect the actual change in market value of a property, in the case of depreciation and in the case of interest, may not necessarily be linked to the operating performance of a real estate asset, as it is often incurred at a parent company level and not at a property level. The Company believes that NOI is helpful to investors as a measure of operating performance because it is an indicator of the return on property investment, and provides a method of comparing property performance over time. The Company uses NOI as a key management tool when evaluating performance and growth of particular properties and/or groups of properties. The principal limitation of NOI is that it excludes depreciation, amortization interest expense and non-property specific expenses such as general and administrative expenses, all of which are significant costs. Therefore, NOI is a measure of the operating performance of the properties of the Company rather than of the Company overall.

FFO is defined by the National Association of Real Estate Investment Trusts (“NAREIT”) as GAAP net income (loss) computed in accordance with GAAP,, excluding gains or losses(or losses) from sales of depreciable operating property, plus real estate-related depreciation and amortization, and after adjustments for unconsolidated partnerships and joint ventures. The Company considers FFO to beis a non-GAAP financial measure that management believes is a useful supplemental measure for reviewing comparativeof our operating and financial performance because, byperformance. By excluding gains and losses related to sales of previously depreciated operating real estate assets, impairment and excluding real estate asset depreciation and amortization (which can vary among owners of identical assets in similar condition based on historical cost accounting and useful life estimates).

, FFO provides a performance measure that, when compared period over period,period-over-period, reflects the impact to operations from trends in occupancy rates, rental rates, and operating costs, providing perspective not readily apparent from GAAP net income (loss). Management believes that the use of FFO has been beneficial in improving the understanding of operating results of REITs among the investing public and making comparisons of REIT operating results more meaningful. FFO is computed in accordance with the Company’s interpretation of standards established by NAREIT, which may not be comparable to FFO reported by other REITs that do not define the term in accordance with the current NAREIT definition or that interpret the current NAREIT definition differently than the Company. The CompanyWe also usesuse FFO excluding certain gain and loss items that management considers unrelated to the operational and financial performance of our core business (“Core FFO”). We believe that thisCore FFO provides investors with another financial measureenhanced comparability for investor evaluations of our operating performance that is more comparable when evaluating period over periodperiod-over-period results.

We believe that GAAP net income (loss) is the most directly comparable measure to FFO. The principal limitation of FFO is that it does not replace GAAP net income (loss) as a performance measure or GAAP cash flow from operations as a liquidity measure. Because FFO excludes significant economic components of GAAP net income (loss) including depreciation and amortization, FFO should be used as an adjuncta supplement to GAAP net income (loss) and not as an alternative to net income (loss). The principal limitation of FFO is that it does not represent cash flow from operations as defined by GAAP and is a supplemental measure of performance that does not replace net income (loss) as a measure of performance or net cash provided by operating activities as a measure of liquidity. In addition,it. Further, FFO is not intended as a measure of a REIT’s ability to meet debt principal repayments and other cash requirements, nor as a measure of working capital. FFO only provides investors with an additional performance measure that, when combined with measures computedis calculated in accordance with GAAP such as net income (loss), cash flow from operating activities, investing activities and financing activities, provide investors with an indicationour interpretation of our ability to service debt and to fund acquisitions and other expenditures. Other REITs may use different methods for calculating FFO, accordingly, our FFOstandards established by NAREIT, which may not be comparable to FFO reported by other REITs.

REITs that interpret the NAREIT definition differently.


SUN COMMUNITIES, INC.

RESULTS OF OPERATIONS

We report operating results under two segments: Real Property Operations and Home Sales and Rentals. The Real Property Operations segment owns, operates, develops, or has an interest in, a portfolio of MH and RV communities throughout the U.S. and in Canada, and is in the business of acquiring, operating, and expanding MH and RV communities. The Home Sales and Rentals segment offers MH and RV park model sales and leasing services to tenants and prospective tenants of our communities. We evaluate segment operating performance based on NOI and gross profit. Refer to Note 12, “Segment Reporting,” in our accompanying Consolidated Financial Statements for additional information.

SUMMARY STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONSSummary Statements of Operations

The following tables reconcile the Net income attributable to Sun Communities, Inc. common stockholders to NOI and summarize our consolidated financial results for the years ended December 31, 2019, 2018, 2017, and 20162017 (in thousands):
 Years Ended Year Ended
 2018 2017 2016 December 31, 2019 December 31, 2018 December 31, 2017
Net income attributable to Sun Communities, Inc. common stockholders $105,493
 $65,021
 $17,369
Net Income attributable to Sun Communities, Inc. common stockholders $160,265
 $105,493
 $65,021
Other revenues (27,057) (24,874) (21,150) (31,984) (27,057) (24,874)
Home selling expenses 15,722
 12,457
 9,744
 14,690
 15,722
 12,457
General and administrative 81,438
 74,232
 63,662
Transaction costs 472
 9,801
 31,914
General and administrative expenses 93,964
 81,429
 83,973
Catastrophic weather related charges, net 92
 8,352
 1,172
 1,737
 92
 8,352
Depreciation and amortization 287,262
 261,536
 221,770
 328,067
 287,262
 261,536
Loss on extinguishment of debt 2,657
 6,019
 1,127
 16,505
 1,190
 4,676
Interest expense 132,783
 130,242
 122,315
 137,851
 134,250
 131,585
Remeasurement of marketable securities 3,639
 
 
Other expense / (income), net 6,453
 (8,982) 4,676
(Gain) / loss on remeasurement of marketable securities (34,240) 3,639
 
Other (income) / expense, net (3,457) 6,453
 (8,982)
Income from nonconsolidated affiliates (1,374) (790) 
Current tax expense 595
 446
 683
 1,095
 595
 446
Deferred tax benefit (507) (582) (400) (222) (507) (582)
Income from nonconsolidated affiliates (646) 
 (500)
Preferred return to preferred OP units 4,486
 4,581
 5,006
Preferred return to preferred OP units / equity 6,058
 4,486
 4,581
Amounts attributable to noncontrolling interests 8,443
 5,055
 150
 9,768
 8,443
 5,055
Preferred stock distribution 1,736
 7,162
 8,946
 1,288
 1,736
 7,162
NOI/Gross Profit $623,061
 $550,466
 $466,484
NOI / Gross Profit $700,011
 $622,436
 $550,406

  Years Ended
  2018 2017 2016
Real Property NOI $533,321
 $479,662
 $403,337
Rental Program NOI 96,173
 92,268
 85,019
Home Sales NOI/Gross profit 42,698
 32,294
 30,087
Ancillary NOI/Gross profit 16,484
 10,075
 9,641
Site rent from Rental Program (included in Real Property NOI) (1)
 (65,615) (63,833) (61,600)
NOI/Gross profit $623,061
 $550,466
 $466,484

  Year Ended
  December 31, 2019 December 31, 2018 December 31, 2017
Real Property NOI $597,406
 $533,321
 $479,662
Home Sales NOI / Gross Profit 47,579
 42,698
 32,294
Rental Program NOI 104,382
 95,968
 92,222
Ancillary NOI / Gross Profit 19,449
 16,064
 10,061
Site rent from Rental Program (included in Real Property NOI) (1)
 (68,805) (65,615) (63,833)
NOI / Gross Profit $700,011
 $622,436
 $550,406
(1)The renter’s monthly payment includes the site rent and an amount attributable to the leasing of the home.home lease. The site rent is reflected in the Real Property Operations segment.Operations’ segment revenue. For purposes of management analysis, the site rent is included in the Rental Program revenue to evaluate the incremental revenue gains associated with the implementation of the Rental Program, and to assess the overall growth and performance of the Rental Program and financial impact on ourthe Company’s operations.


SUN COMMUNITIES, INC.


COMPARISON OF THE YEARS ENDED DECEMBERComparison of the Years Ended December 31, 2019, 2018 ANDand 2017

REAL PROPERTY OPERATIONS – TOTAL PORTFOLIOReal Property Operations - Total Portfolio

The following tables reflect certain financial and other information for our Total Portfolio as of and for the years ended December 31, 2019, 2018 and 2017:
 Year Ended December 31,    Year Ended Year Ended
Financial Information (in thousands) 2018 2017 Change % ChangeDecember 31, 2019 December 31, 2018 Change % Change December 31, 2018 December 31, 2017 Change % Change
Income from Real Property $825,973
 $742,228
 $83,745
 11.3%
Property operating expenses:        
Income from real property$925,664
 $825,973
 $99,691
 12.1% $825,973
 $742,228
 $83,745
 11.3%
Property operating expenses               
Payroll and benefits 74,653
 67,075
 7,578
 11.3%88,085
 74,653
 13,432
 18.0% 74,653
 67,075
 7,578
 11.3%
Legal, taxes, and insurance 9,524
 7,264
 2,260
 31.1%10,778
 9,524
 1,254
 13.2% 9,524
 7,264
 2,260
 31.1%
Utilities 93,205
 83,550
 9,655
 11.6%101,910
 93,205
 8,705
 9.3% 93,205
 83,550
 9,655
 11.6%
Supplies and repair 28,594
 25,871
 2,723
 10.5%
Supplies and repairs34,663
 28,594
 6,069
 21.2% 28,594
 25,871
 2,723
 10.5%
Other 30,121
 26,518
 3,603
 13.6%30,942
 30,121
 821
 2.7% 30,121
 26,518
 3,603
 13.6%
Real estate taxes 56,555
 52,288
 4,267
 8.2%61,880
 56,555
 5,325
 9.4% 56,555
 52,288
 4,267
 8.2%
Property operating expenses 292,652
 262,566
 30,086
 11.5%328,258
 292,652
 35,606
 12.2% 292,652
 262,566
 30,086
 11.5%
Real Property NOI $533,321
 $479,662
 $53,659
 11.2%$597,406
 $533,321
 $64,085
 12.0% $533,321
 $479,662
 $53,659
 11.2%

 As of December 31,    As of   As of  
Other Information 2018 2017 Change  December 31, 2019 December 31, 2018 Change December 31, 2018 December 31, 2017 Change
Number of properties 371
 350
 21
 
 422
 371
 51
 371
 350
 21
                   
MH occupancy 95.0%      95.5%     

    
RV occupancy 100.0%      100.0%     

    
MH & RV blended occupancy (1)
 96.1% 95.8% 0.3% 
 96.4% 96.1% 0.3% 96.1% 95.8% 0.3%
                   
Sites available for development 11,258
 9,617
 1,641
 
 10,293
 11,258
 (965) 11,258
 9,617
 1,641
                   
Monthly base rent per site - MH $554

$533
 $21
 
 $571
 $554
 $17
 $554
 $533
 $21
Monthly base rent per site - RV (2)
 $455

$435
 $20
 
 $485
 $458
(3) 
 $27
 $455
 $435
(3) 
 $20
Monthly base rent per site - Total $532

$512
 $20
 
 $551
 $532
(3) 
 $19
 $532
 $512
(3) 
 $20
(1)  Overall occupancy percentage includes MH and annual RV sites and excludes transient RV sites.
(2) Monthly base rent pertains to annual RV sites and excludes transient RV sites.
(3) Canadian currency figures included within the year ended December 31, 2018 and 2017 have been translated at 2019 and 2018 average exchange rates, respectively.

The $64.1 million increase in Real Property NOI from 2018 to 2019 consists of $38.0 million from Same Communities as detailed below and $26.1 million from recently acquired properties in the year ended December 31, 2019 as compared to 2018.

The $53.7 million increase in Real Property NOI from 2017 to 2018 consists of $21.5$35.6 million from Same Communities as detailed below and $18.1 million from recently acquired properties and $32.2 million from our Same Community propertiesin the years ended December 31, 2018 as detailed below.compared to 2017.

SUN COMMUNITIES, INC.

REAL PROPERTY OPERATIONS – SAME COMMUNITYReal Property Operations - Same Communities

A key management tool used when evaluating performance and growth of our properties is a comparison of Same Communities. Same Communities consist of properties owned and operated throughout 2018 and 2017. The Same Community data may change from time-to-time depending on acquisitions, dispositions, management discretion, significant transactions, or unique situations. The Same Community data in this Form 10-K includes all properties which we have owned and operated continuously since January 1, 2017.

In order to evaluate the growth of the Same Communities, management has classified certain items differently than our GAAP statements. The reclassification difference between our GAAP statements and our Same Community portfolio is the reclassification of water and sewer revenues from income from real property to utilities. A significant portion of our utility charges are re-billed to our residents.

 Year Ended Year Ended
Financial Information
(in thousands)
December 31, 2019 December 31, 2018 Change % Change December 31, 2018 December 31, 2017 Change % Change
Income from real property (1)
$805,982
 $758,853
 $47,129
 6.2 % $770,470
 $724,196
 $46,274
 6.4%
Property operating expenses               
Payroll and benefits72,519
 68,630
 3,889
 5.7 % 66,502
 65,524
 978
 1.5%
Legal, taxes, and insurance9,579
 9,212
 367
 4.0 % 9,026
 7,152
 1,874
 26.2%
Utilities58,044
 57,309
 735
 1.3 % 54,949
 51,480
 3,469
 6.7%
Supplies and repairs (2)
30,025
 27,158
 2,867
 10.6 % 26,476
 25,347
 1,129
 4.5%
Other19,966
 20,535
 (569) (2.8)% 19,908
 19,091
 817
 4.3%
Real estate taxes57,553
 55,667
 1,886
 3.4 % 54,098
 51,695
 2,403
 4.6%
Property operating expenses247,686
 238,511
 9,175
 3.8 % 230,959
 220,289
 10,670
 4.8%
Real Property NOI$558,296
 $520,342
 $37,954
 7.3 % $539,511
 $503,907
 $35,604
 7.1%

  As of   As of  
Other Information December 31, 2019 December 31, 2018 Change December 31, 2018 December 31, 2017 Change
Number of properties 345
 345
 
 336
 336
 
             
MH occupancy (3)
 97.9%     97.4%    
RV occupancy (3)
 100.0%     100.0%    
MH & RV blended occupancy (3)
 98.4% 96.2%
(4) 
2.2% 98.0% 95.8%
(4) 
2.2%
             
Sites available for development 6,314
 7,348
 (1,034) 7,348
 5,087
 2,261
             
Monthly base rent per site - MH $577
 $554
 $23
 $554
 $533
 $21
Monthly base rent per site - RV (5)
 $489
 $461
 $28
 $455
 $431
 $24
Monthly base rent per site - Total $557
 $533
 $24
 $532
 $511
 $21
(1) The Company adopted ASC 842, the new lease accounting standard, as of January 1, 2019 which required the reclassification of bad debt expense from Property operating expense to Income from real property. To assist with comparability within Same Community results, bad debt expense has been reclassified to be shown as a reduction of Income from real property for all periods presented.
(2) For the comparative periods December 31, 2019 and 2018, the year ended 2018 excludes $0.7 million of expenses incurred for recently acquired properties to bring the properties up to our operating standards. For the comparative periods December 31, 2018 and 2017, the year ended 2017 excludes $2.6 million of expenses incurred for recently acquired properties to bring the properties up to our operating standards. These costs did not meet the Company’s capitalization policy.
(3) The occupancy percentages include MH and annual RV sites and exclude recently completed but vacant expansion sites and transient RV sites.
(4) The occupancy percentages for 2018 and 2017 have been adjusted to reflect incremental growth period-over-period from filled MH expansion sites and the conversion of transient RV sites to annual RV sites.
(5) Monthly base rent pertains to annual RV sites and excludes transient RV sites.
SUN COMMUNITIES, INC.

Year ended December 31, 2019 and 2018

The Same Community data includes all properties which we have owned and operated continuously since January 1, 2018, exclusive of properties under construction. The amounts in the table above reflect constant currency for comparative purposes. Canadian currency figures included within the year ended December 31, 2018 have been translated at 2019 average exchange rates. We have reclassified $34.7 million and $32.7 million for the years ended December 31, 2019 and 2018, respectively, to reflect the utility expenses associated with our Same Community portfolio net of recovery.

The 7.3 percent growth in NOI is primarily due to increased Income from real property of $47.1 million, or 6.2 percent. The 6.2 percent increase is primarily attributable to a 2.2 percent increase in MH & RV blended occupancy and a 4.5 percent increase in total monthly base rent per site when compared to 2018. The increase in Income from real property was partially offset by a $9.2 million, or 3.8 percent, increase in Property operating expenses, primarily attributable to increases in payroll and benefits, supplies and repairs and real estate taxes.

Year ended December 31, 2018 and 2017

The Same Community data includes all properties which we have owned and operated continuously since January 1, 2017, exclusive of properties under construction. The amounts in the table above reflect constant currency for comparative purposes. Canadian currency figures included within the year ended December 31, 2017 have been translated at 2018 average exchange rates. We have reclassified $32.2 million and $30.6 million for the years ended December 31, 2018 and 2017, respectively, to reflect the utility expenses associated with our Same Community portfolio net of recovery.

The following tables reflect certain financial and other information for our Same Communities as of and for the years ended December 31, 2018 and 2017. The amounts in the table below reflect constant currency for comparative purposes. Canadian currency figures included within the year ended December 31, 2017 have been translated at 2018 average exchange rates:
  Year Ended December 31,     
Financial Information (in thousands) 2018 2017 Change % Change 
Income from Real Property $746,360
 $703,272
 $43,088
 6.1% 
Property operating expenses:         
Payroll and benefits 66,502
 65,524
 978
 1.5% 
Legal, taxes, and insurance 9,026
 7,152
 1,874
 26.2% 
Utilities 54,949
 51,480
 3,469
 6.7% 
Supplies and repair(1)
 26,476
 25,347
 1,129
 4.5% 
Other 22,952
 21,960
 992
 4.5% 
Real estate taxes 54,098
 51,695
 2,403
 4.6% 
Property operating expenses 234,003
 223,158
 10,845
 4.9% 
Real Property NOI $512,357
 $480,114
 $32,243
 6.7% 

  As of December 31,     
Other Information 2018 2017 Change   
Number of properties 336
 336
 
 
 
          
MH occupancy (2)
 97.4%       
RV occupancy (2)
 100.0%       
MH & RV blended occupancy (2)
 98.0% 95.8%
(3) 
2.2%   
          
Sites available for development 7,348
 5,087
 2,261
 
 
        
 
Monthly base rent per site - MH $554
 $533
 $21
 
 
Monthly base rent per site - RV (4)
 $455
 $431
 $24
 
 
Monthly base rent per site - Total $532
 $511
 $21
 
 

(1) Year ended December 31, 2017 excludes $2.6 million of expenses incurred for recently acquired properties to bring the properties up to Sun’s operating standards. These costs did not meet the Company’s capitalization policy.
(2) The Same Community occupancy percentage for 2018 is derived from 104,059 developed sites, of which 101,988 were occupied. The number of developed sites excludes RV transient sites and approximately 2,100 recently completed but vacant MH expansion sites.
(3) The Same Community occupancy percentage for 2017 has been adjusted to reflect incremental growth period-over-period from filled expansion sites and the conversion of transient RV sites to annual RV sites.
(4) Monthly base rent pertains to annual RV sites and excludes transient RV sites.

The 6.77.1 percent growth in NOI is primarily due to a 6.16.4 percent increase in Income from real property. The 6.16.4 percent increase in Income from real property is primarily due to a 2.2 percent increase in MH & RV blended occupancy and a 4.1 percent increase in total monthly base rent per site. The increase in Income from real property was partially offset by a 4.94.8 percent increase in Property operating expenses compared to 2017, which was primarily due to higher utilities, real estate taxes, and legal, taxes, and insurance in 2018.

SUN COMMUNITIES, INC.

HOME SALES AND RENTALSHome Sales Summary

We purchase new homes and acquire pre-owned and repossessed manufactured homes, generally located within our communities, from lenders, dealers, and former residents to lease or sell to current and prospective residents.

The following table reflects certain financial and statistical information for our Home Sales Program for the years ended December 31, 2019, 2018 and 2017 (in thousands, except for average selling prices and statistical information):
 Year Ended December 31,    Year Ended Year Ended
Financial Information 2018 2017 Change % ChangeDecember 31, 2019 December 31, 2018 Change % Change December 31, 2018 December 31, 2017 Change % Change
Revenue:        
New homes               
New home sales $59,578
 $36,915
 $22,663
 61.4%$71,760
 $59,578
 $12,182
 20.4 % $59,578
 $36,915
 $22,663
 61.4%
Pre-owned home sales 106,453
 90,493
 15,960
 17.6%
Revenue from homes sales 166,031
 127,408
 38,623
 30.3%
Expenses:        
New home cost of sales 51,913
 31,578
 20,335
 64.4%61,557
 51,913
 9,644
 18.6 % 51,913
 31,578
 20,335
 64.4%
Pre-owned home cost of sales 71,420
 63,536
 7,884
 12.4%
Cost of home sales 123,333
 95,114
 28,219
 29.7%
NOI / Gross profit $42,698
 $32,294
 $10,404
 32.2%
        
Gross profit – new homes $7,665
 $5,337
 $2,328
 43.6%
NOI / Gross Profit –
new homes
$10,203
 $7,665
 $2,538
 33.1 % $7,665
 $5,337
 $2,328
 43.6%
Gross margin % – new homes 12.9% 14.5% (1.6)% 

14.2% 12.9% 1.3%   12.9% 14.5% (1.6)%  
Average selling price – new homes $113,266
 $101,975
 $11,291
 11.1%$125,674
 $113,266
 $12,408
 11.0 % $113,266
 $101,975
 $11,291
 11.1%
                       
Gross profit – pre-owned homes $35,033
 $26,957
 $8,076
 30.0%
Pre-owned homes               
Pre-owned home sales$110,176
 $106,453
 $3,723
 3.5 % $106,453
 $90,493
 $15,960
 17.6%
Pre-owned home cost of sales72,800
 71,420
 1,380
 1.9 % 71,420
 63,536
 7,884
 12.4%
NOI / Gross Profit –
pre-owned homes
$37,376
 $35,033
 $2,343
 6.7 % $35,033
 $26,957
 $8,076
 30.0%
Gross margin % – pre-owned homes 32.9% 29.8% 3.1 % 

33.9% 32.9% 1.0%   32.9% 29.8% 3.1 %  
Average selling price – pre-owned homes $34,306
 $30,991
 $3,315
 10.7%$38,416
 $34,306
 $4,110
 12.0 % $34,306
 $30,991
 $3,315
 10.7%
               
Total home sales               
Revenue from home sales$181,936
 $166,031
 $15,905
 9.6 % $166,031
 $127,408
 $38,623
 30.3%
Cost of home sales134,357
 123,333
 11,024
 8.9 % 123,333
 95,114
 28,219
 29.7%
NOI / Gross Profit –
home sales
$47,579
 $42,698
 $4,881
 11.4 % $42,698
 $32,294
 $10,404
 32.2%
                       
Statistical Information                       
New home sales volume 526
 362
 164
 45.3%571
 526
 45
 8.6 % 526
 362
 164
 45.3%
Pre-owned home sales volume 3,103
 2,920
 183
 6.3%2,868
 3,103
 (235) (7.6)% 3,103
 2,920
 183
 6.3%
Total homes sold 3,629
 3,282
 347
 10.6%
Total home sales volume3,439
 3,629
 (190) (5.2)% 3,629
 3,282
 347
 10.6%

Gross Profit - new homes - For the year ended December 31, 2019, the $2.5 million, or 33.1 percent, increase in gross profit foris primarily the result of a 8.6 percent increase in new andhome sales volume coupled with a 11.0 percent increase in the average selling price, as compared to 2018.
For the year ended December 31, 2018, the $2.3 million, or 43.6 percent, increase in gross profit is primarily the result of a 45.3 percent increase in new home sales volume coupled with a 11.1 percent increase in the average selling price, as compared to 2017.
Gross Profit - pre-owned homes - For the year ended December 31, 2019, the $2.3 million, or 6.7 percent, increase in gross profit is primarily the result of a 12.0 percent increase in the average selling price, which is partially offset by a 7.6 percent decrease in pre-owned home sales increased $2.3 million andvolume, as compared to 2018.
For the year ended December 31, 2018, the $8.1 million, respectively,or 30.0 percent, increase in gross profit is primarily the result of a 10.7 percent increase in the average selling price coupled with a 6.3 percent increase in pre-owned home sales volume as compared to 2017.
SUN COMMUNITIES, INC.

Rental Program Summary

The following table reflects certain financial and other information for our Rental Program for the years ended December 31, 2019, 2018 and 2017 (in thousands, except for statistical information):

 Year Ended Year Ended
Financial InformationDecember 31, 2019 December 31, 2018 Change % Change December 31, 2018 December 31, 2017 Change % Change
Revenues               
Rental home revenue$57,572
 $53,657
 $3,915
 7.3 % $53,657
 $50,549
 $3,108
 6.1 %
Site rent from Rental Program (1)
68,805
 65,615
 3,190
 4.9 % 65,615
 63,833
 1,782
 2.8 %
Rental Program revenue126,377
 119,272
 7,105
 6.0 % 119,272
 114,382
 4,890
 4.3 %
Expenses               
Repairs and refurbishment12,591
 10,456
 2,135
 20.4 % 10,456
 9,864
 592
 6.0 %
Taxes and insurance7,488
 6,425
 1,063
 16.5 % 6,425
 6,149
 276
 4.5 %
Other1,916
 6,423
 (4,507) (70.2)% 6,423
 6,147
 276
 4.5 %
Rental Program operating and maintenance21,995
 23,304
 (1,309) (5.6)% 23,304
 22,160
 1,144
 5.2 %
Rental Program NOI$104,382
 $95,968
 $8,414
 8.8 % $95,968
 $92,222
 $3,746
 4.1 %
                
Other Information               
Number of sold rental homes1,140
 1,122
 18
 1.6 % 1,122
 1,168
 (46) (3.9)%
Number of occupied rentals,
end of period
11,325
 10,994
 331
 3.0 % 10,994
 11,074
 (80) (0.7)%
Investment in occupied rental homes, end of period$584,771
 $530,006
 $54,765
 10.3 % $530,006
 $494,945
 $35,061
 7.1 %
Weighted average monthly rental rate, end of period$997
 $949
 $48
 5.1 % $949
 $901
 $48
 5.3 %
(1)   The renter’s monthly payment includes the site rent and an amount attributable to the home lease. The site rent is reflected in Real Property Operations’ segment revenue. For purposes of management analysis, site rent is included in Rental Program revenue to evaluate the incremental revenue gains associated with the implementation of the Rental Program, and to assess the overall growth and performance of the Rental Program and financial impact on the Company’s operations.

For the year ended December 31, 2019, Rental Program NOI increased $8.4 million, or 8.8 percent, as compared to 2018. The increase is primarily due to (a) an increase in Rental Program revenue of $7.1 million, or 6.0 percent, primarily attributable to a 5.1 percent increase in the weighted average monthly rental rate and a 3.0 percent increase in the number of occupied rentals, and (b) a decrease in Rental Program operating and maintenance expenses of $1.3 million, or 5.6 percent, resulting primarily from the capitalization of commission expenses under ASC 842 in the year ended December 31, 2019 as compared to 2018.

For the year ended December 31, 2018, Rental Program NOI increased $3.7 million, or 4.1 percent, as compared to 2017. The increases for both newincrease is primarily due to (a) an increase in Rental Program revenue of $4.9 million, or 4.3 percent, primarily attributable to a 5.3 percent increase in weighted average monthly rental rates, partially offset by (b) an increase in Rental Program operating and pre-owned home sales aremaintenance expenses of $1.1 million, or 5.2 percent, primarily the result ofdue to higher home sales volumes combined with higher average selling pricesrepairs and refurbishment expense in 2018 as compared to 2017.

SUN COMMUNITIES, INC.


The following table reflects certain financial and other information for our Rental Program asOther Items - Statements of and for the years endedOperations December 31, 2018(1) and 2017 (in thousands, except for statistical information):

  Year Ended December 31,    
Financial Information 2018 2017 Change % Change
Revenues:        
Rental home revenue $53,657
 $50,549
 $3,108
 6.1 %
Site rent from Rental Program (1)
 65,615
 63,833
 1,782
 2.8 %
Rental Program revenue 119,272
 114,382
 4,890
 4.3 %
         
Expenses:        
Commissions 2,291
 2,734
 (443) (16.2)%
Repairs and refurbishment 10,312
 9,864
 448
 4.5 %
Taxes and insurance 6,364
 6,102
 262
 4.3 %
Marketing and other 4,132
 3,414
 718
 21.0 %
Rental Program operating and maintenance 23,099
 22,114
 985
 4.5 %
Rental Program NOI $96,173
 $92,268
 $3,905
 4.2 %
         
Other Information        
Number of occupied rentals, end of period 10,994
 11,074
 (80) (0.7)%
Investment in occupied rental homes, end of period $530,006
 $494,945
 $35,061
 7.1 %
Number of sold rental homes 1,122
 1,168
 (46) (3.9)%
Weighted average monthly rental rate, end of period $949
 $901
 $48
 5.3 %

(1) The renter’s monthly payment includes the site rent and an amount attributable to the rental home lease. The site rent is reflected in the Real Property Operations segment. For purposes of management analysis, the site rent is included in the Rental Program revenue to evaluate the incremental revenue gains associated with implementation of the Rental Program, and assess the overall growth and performance of Rental Program and financial impact to our operations.

Rental Program NOI increased by 4.2 percent compared to 2017. The increase is due to a 4.3 percent increase in Rental Program revenue which is primarily attributable to a 5.3 percent increase in weighted average monthly rental rates.

The 4.5 percent increase in Rental Program operating and maintenance expenses is primarily due to higher Marketing and other expenses, driven by higher utility and bad debt expenses in 2018 as compared to 2017, partially offset by the decrease in commission expenses due to a decrease in the number of sold rental homes in 2018 as compared to 2017.
SUN COMMUNITIES, INC.

OTHER INCOME STATEMENT ITEMS

The following table summarizes other income and expenses for the years ended December 31, 2019, 2018 and 2017 (amounts in thousands):
 Year Ended December 31,    Year Ended Year Ended
 2018 2017 Change % ChangeDecember 31, 2019 December 31, 2018 Change % Change December 31, 2018 December 31, 2017 Change % Change
Ancillary revenue, net $16,484
 $10,075
 $6,409
 63.6 %
Ancillary revenues, net$19,449
 $16,064
 $3,385
 21.1 % $16,064
 $10,061
 $6,003
 59.7 %
Interest income $20,853
 $21,180
 $(327) (1.5)%$17,857
 $20,852
 $(2,995) (14.4)% $20,852
 $21,179
 $(327) (1.5)%
Brokerage commissions and other revenues, net $6,204
 $3,694
 $2,510
 67.9 %$14,127
 $6,205
 $7,922
 127.7 % $6,205
 $3,695
 $2,510
 67.9 %
Home selling expenses $15,722
 $12,457
 $3,265
 26.2 %$14,690
 $15,722
 $(1,032) (6.6)% $15,722
 $12,457
 $3,265
 26.2 %
General and administrative expenses $81,438
 $74,232
 $7,206
 9.7 %$93,964
 $81,429
 $12,535
 15.4 % $81,429
 $83,973
 $(2,544) (3.0)%
Transaction costs $472
 $9,801
 $(9,329) (95.2)%
Catastrophic weather related charges, net $92
 $8,352
 $(8,260) (98.9)%$1,737
 $92
 $1,645
 1,788.0 % $92
 $8,352
 $(8,260) (98.9)%
Depreciation and amortization $287,262
 $261,536
 $25,726
 9.8 %$328,067
 $287,262
 $40,805
 14.2 % $287,262
 $261,536
 $25,726
 9.8 %
Loss on extinguishment of debt $2,657
 $6,019
 $(3,362) (55.9)%$16,505
 $1,190
 $15,315
 1,287.0 % $1,190
 $4,676
 $(3,486) (74.6)%
Interest expense $132,783
 $130,242
 $2,541
 2.0 %
Remeasurement of marketable securities $(3,639) $
 $(3,639) N/A
Other (expense) / income, net $(6,453) $8,982
 $(15,435) (171.8)%
Interest expense (2)
$137,851
 $134,250
 $3,601
 2.7 % $134,250
 $131,585
 $2,665
 2.0 %
Gain / (loss) on remeasurement of marketable securities$34,240
 $(3,639) $37,879
 (1,040.9)% $(3,639) $
 $(3,639) N/A
Other income / (expense), net$3,457
 $(6,453) $9,910
 (153.6)% $(6,453) $8,982
 $(15,435) (171.8)%
Income from nonconsolidated affiliates $646
 $
 $646
 N/A
$1,374
 $790
 $584
 73.9 % $790
 $
 $790
 N/A
Current tax expense $(595) $(446) $(149) (33.4)%$(1,095) $(595) $(500) 84.0 % $(595) $(446) $(149) 33.4 %
Deferred tax benefit $507
 $582
 $(75) (12.9)%$222
 $507
 $(285) (56.2)% $507
 $582
 $(75) (12.9)%
Preferred return to preferred OP units / equity$6,058
 $4,486
 $1,572
 35.0 % $4,486
 $4,581
 $(95) (2.1)%
Amounts attributable to noncontrolling interests$9,768
 $8,443
 $1,325
 15.7 % $8,443
 $5,055
 $3,388
 67.0 %
Preferred stock distribution$1,288
 $1,736
 $(448) (25.8)% $1,736
 $7,162
 $(5,426) (75.8)%
(1) Only items judgmentally determined by management to be material are explained.
(2) Includes interest expense and interest on mandatorily redeemable preferred OP units / equity.

Ancillary revenue,revenues, net - for the year ended December 31, 2019, increased primarily due to increases in golf course, restaurant, and resort activity revenues as compared to 2018. For the year ended December 31, 2018, the increase is primarily due to RV vacation home rental income as a result of acquisition activities, in addition to an increase in golf course, restaurant, and resort activity net profit duringas compared to 2017.

Interest income - for the year ended December 31, 20182019, decreased primarily due to lower balances on our notes receivable and derecognition of collateralized notes receivable in 2019 as comparedwe satisfied the criteria of paragraph ASC 860-10-40-5 to the same periodbe accounted for as a sale. Refer to Note 4, “Collateralized Receivables and Transfers of Financial Assets,” in 2017.our accompanying Consolidated Financial Statements for additional information.

Brokerage commissions and other revenues, net -for the year ended December 31, 2019, increased primarily due to a $3.1 million increase in brokerage commissions, and a $1.8 million increase in dividend income from our investment in marketable securities, as compared to 2018. For the year ended December 31, 2018, the increase is primarily due to a higher number of broker homes sold during the year ended December 31, 2018 as compared to the same period in 2017, in addition to a $1.9 million ininsurance proceeds from business interruption insurance proceeds related to Hurricane Irma.

Home selling expenses - increased as a result of higher commissions due to a higher volume of home sales for the year ended December 31, 2018, increased primarily due to higher commissions driven by a higher home sales volume for the year as compared to the same period in 2017.

General and administrative expenses - increased primarily due to employee related costs including salaries, incentive compensation, and deferred compensation amortization, in addition to higher software support and maintenance fees during the year ended December 31, 2018 as compared to the same period in 2017.

Transaction costs -for the year ended December 31, 2018, decreased2019, increased primarily due to an increase in wages and incentives driven by $9.3 milliongrowth in acquisitions and the Company’s performance as compared to the same period in 2017. Beginning January 2018, only direct acquisition related costs are capitalized as part of the purchase price. Acquisition costs that do not meet the criteria for capitalization are expensed as incurred.2018.

Catastrophic weather related charges, net -decreased for theyear ended December 31, 2019, increased primarily due to estimated damage losses for recent weather events. For the year ended December 31, 2018, the decrease is primarily due to a smaller impact from Hurricanes Florence and Michael for the year ended December 31, 2018 as compared to a larger impact from Hurricane Irma in the same period in 2017.

SUN COMMUNITIES, INC.

Depreciation and amortization - for the year ended December 31, 2019, increased as a result of our recent property acquisitions and our ongoing expansion and development activities. Refer to Note 3, “Real Estate Acquisitions,” inAcquisitions” of our accompanying Consolidated Financial Statements for additional information.

Loss on extinguishment of debt - decreased $3.4 millionfor the year ended December 31, 2019, increased primarily due to higher prepayment penalties related to debt and financing activity as compared to 2018. For the year ended December 31, 2018, the decrease is primarily due to lower prepayment penalties related to debt and financing activity as compared to 2017. Refer to Note 9, “Debt and Lines of Credit,” in our accompanying Consolidated Financial Statements for additional information.

SUN COMMUNITIES, INC.
Gain / (loss) on remeasurement of marketable securities - for the year ended December 31, 2019, increased primarily due to a $34.2 million gain on the remeasurement of our investment in marketable securities as compared to a $3.6 million remeasurement loss in 2018. For the year ended December 31, 2018, the decrease is primarily due to a $3.6 million loss on the remeasurement of our investment in marketable securities.

Interest expenseOther income / (expense), net - for the year ended December 31, 2018,2019, increased $2.5primarily due to a $4.5 million foreign currency translation gain as compared to a $8.4 million loss in 2018, partially offset by a $3.8 million decrease resulting from a $1.5 million loss on the same periodremeasurement of contingent liability in 2017,2019 as compared to a $2.3 million gain in 2018. For the year ended December 31, 2018, the decrease is primarily due to entering into two collateralized term loans totaling $249.7 million.an $8.4 million foreign currency translation loss as compared to a $5.9 million gain in 2017.

Preferred return to preferred OP units / equity - for the year ended December 31, 2019 increased primarily as a result of issuing 488,958 Series D Preferred OP units in conjunction with an acquisition in January 2019. Refer to Note 9, “Debt3, “Acquisitions,” and LinesNote 10, “Equity and Temporary Equity,” of Credit,” in our accompanying Consolidated Financial Statements for additional information.

Remeasurement of marketable securitiesAmounts attributable to noncontrolling interests - was $3.6 millionfor the year ended December 31, 2019 increased primarily as a result of increased performance in our Sun NG Resorts portfolio as compared to 2018. For the year ended December 31, 2018, primarilythe increase is due to the changeacquisition of our Sun NG Resorts portfolio in the fair value of exchange traded marketable securities. ReferJune 2018 as compared to Note 7, “Investment in Nonconsolidated Affiliates,” in our accompanying Consolidated Financial Statements for additional information.2017.

Other (expense) / income, netPreferred stock distributions - for the year ended December 31, 2018 was primarily comprised of foreign currency translation loss of $8.4 million, and $0.4 million in other expenses, partially offset by contingent liability remeasurement gain of $2.3 milliondistributions decreased as compared to 2017 which consisted of foreign currency translation gains of $5.9 million and a contingent liability remeasurement gain of $3.0 million.

Income from nonconsolidated affiliates - was $0.6 million in 2018, primarily due to equity earnings from our investments in GTSC and Origen Financial Services, LLC. Refer to Note 7, “Investment in Nonconsolidated Affiliates,” in our accompanying Consolidated Financial Statements for additional information.
SUN COMMUNITIES, INC.

COMPARISON OF THE YEARS ENDED DECEMBER 31, 2017 AND 2016

REAL PROPERTY OPERATIONS – TOTAL PORTFOLIO

The following tables reflect certain financial and other information for our Total Portfolio as of and for the years ended December 31, 2017 and 2016:
  Year Ended December 31,    
Financial Information (in thousands) 2017 2016 Change % Change
Income from Real Property 742,228
 620,917
 $121,311
 19.5%
Property operating expenses:        
Payroll and benefits 67,075
 56,744
 10,331
 18.2%
Legal, taxes, and insurance 7,264
 5,941
 1,323
 22.3%
Utilities 83,550
 67,495
 16,055
 23.8%
Supplies and repair 25,871
 20,732
 5,139
 24.8%
Other 26,518
 22,362
 4,156
 18.6%
Real estate taxes 52,288
 44,306
 7,982
 18.0%
Property operating expenses 262,566
 217,580
 44,986
 20.7%
Real Property NOI $479,662
 $403,337
 $76,325
 18.9%

  As of December 31,    
Other Information 2017 2016 Change  
Number of properties 350
 341
 9
 
         
MH occupancy 94.6%      
RV occupancy 100.0%      
MH & RV blended occupancy (1)
 95.8% 96.2% (0.4)%  
         
Sites available for development 9,617
 10,337
 (720) 
        
Monthly base rent per site - MH $533
 $515
 $18
 
Monthly base rent per site - RV (2)
 $439
 $420
 $19
 
Monthly base rent per site - Total $512
 $495
 $17
 
(1)  Overall occupancy (percentage) includes MH and annual RV sites, and excludes transient RV sites.
(2) Monthly base rent pertains to annual RV sites and excludes transient RV sites.

The $76.3 million growth in Real Property NOI consists of $51.7 million from newly acquired properties and $24.6 million from Same Community properties as detailed below.
SUN COMMUNITIES, INC.

REAL PROPERTY OPERATIONS – SAME COMMUNITY

The following tables reflect certain financial and other information for our Same Communities, which includes all properties we have owned and operated continuously since January 1, 2016 as of and for the years ended December 31, 2017 and 2016. We have reclassified $26.9 million and $25.8 million for the year ended December 31, 2017 and 2016, respectively, to reflect the utility expenses associated with our Same Community portfolio net of recovery.

  Year Ended December 31,    
Financial Information (in thousands) 2017 2016 Change % Change
Income from Real Property $533,942
 $503,770
 $30,172
 6.0 %
Property operating expenses:        
Payroll and benefits 45,240
 43,078
 2,162
 5.0 %
Legal, taxes, and insurance 5,562
 5,174
 388
 7.5 %
Utilities 29,726
 28,475
 1,251
 4.4 %
Supplies and repair (1)
 19,109
 18,729
 380
 2.0 %
Other 13,696
 13,988
 (292) (2.1)%
Real estate taxes 38,399
 36,708
 1,691
 4.6 %
Property operating expenses 151,732
 146,152
 5,580
 3.8 %
Real Property NOI $382,210
 $357,618
 $24,592
 6.9 %

  As of December 31,     
Other Information 2017 2016 Change   
Number of properties 231
 231
 
 
 
          
MH occupancy (2)
 96.9%       
RV occupancy (2)
 100.0%       
MH & RV blended occupancy (2)
 97.3% 95.4%
(3) 
1.9% 
 
          
Sites available for development 5,087
 6,263
 (1,176) 
 
          
Monthly base rent per site - MH $518
 $500
 $18
   
Monthly base rent per site - RV (4)
 $459
 $441
 $18
 
 
Monthly base rent per site - Total $510
 $492
 $18
 
 
(1) Year ended December 31, 2016 excludes $0.1 million of expenses incurred for recently acquired properties to bring the properties up to Sun’s operating standards. These costs did not meet the Company’s capitalization policy.
(2) The Same Community occupancy percentage for 2017 is derived from 80,407 developed sites, of which 78,257 were occupied. The number of developed sites excludes RV transient sites and approximately 1,800 recently completed by vacant MH expansion sites.
(3) The Same Community occupancy percentage for 2016 has been adjusted to reflect incremental growth period-over-period from filled expansion sites and the conversion of transient RV sites to annual RV sites.
(4) Monthly base rent pertains to annual RV sites and excludes transient RV sites.


The 6.9 percent growth in NOI is primarily due to a 6.0 percent increase in Income from real property. The 6.0 percent increase in Income from real property is primarily due to a 1.9 percent increase in MH & RV blended occupancy, a 3.6 percent increase in total monthly base rent per site, and a 0.5 percent increase in transient revenue and other revenue. The increase in Income from real property was partially offset by a 3.8 percent increase in Property operating expenses compared to 2016, which was primarily due to higher payroll and benefits, real estate taxes, and utilities in 2017.



SUN COMMUNITIES, INC.

HOME SALES AND RENTALS

The following table reflects certain financial and statistical information for our Home Sales Program for the years ended December 31, 2017 and 2016 (in thousands, except for average selling prices and statistical information):

  Year Ended December 31,    
Financial Information 2017 2016 Change % Change
Revenue:        
New home sales $36,915
 $30,977
 $5,938
 19.2%
Pre-owned home sales 90,493
 79,530
 10,963
 13.8%
Revenue from homes sales 127,408
 110,507
 16,901
 15.3%
Expenses:        
New home cost of sales 31,578
 26,802
 4,776
 17.8%
Pre-owned home cost of sales 63,536
 53,618
 9,918
 18.5%
Cost of home sales 95,114
 80,420
 14,694
 18.3%
NOI / Gross profit $32,294
 $30,087
 $2,207
 7.3%
         
Gross profit – new homes $5,337
 $4,175
 $1,162
 27.8%
Gross margin % – new homes 14.5% 13.5% 1.0 %  
Average selling price – new homes $101,975
 $94,156
 $7,819
 8.3%
         
Gross profit – pre-owned homes $26,957
 $25,912
 $1,045
 4.0%
Gross margin % – pre-owned homes 29.8% 32.6% (2.8)%  
Average selling price – pre-owned homes $30,991
 $27,974
 $3,017
 10.8%
         
Statistical Information        
New home sales volume 362
 329
 33
 10.0%
Pre-owned home sales volume 2,920
 2,843
 77
 2.7%
Total homes sold 3,282
 3,172
 110
 3.5%

Gross profit for new and pre-owned home sales increased $1.2 million and $1.0 million, respectively, in 2017 as compared to 2016. The increases for both new and pre-owned home sales are primarily the result of higher volume of home sales combined with higher average selling prices in 2017 as compared to 2016.







SUN COMMUNITIES, INC.


The following table reflects certain financial and other information for our Rental Program as of and for the years ended December 31, 2017 and 2016 (in thousands, except for statistical information):

  Year Ended December 31,    
Financial Information 2017 2016 Change % Change
Revenues:        
Rental home revenue $50,549
 $47,780
 $2,769
 5.8 %
Site rent from Rental Program (1)
 63,833
 61,600
 2,233
 3.6 %
Rental Program revenue 114,382
 109,380
 5,002
 4.6 %
Expenses:        
Commissions 2,734
 2,309
 425
 18.4 %
Repairs and refurbishment 9,864
 12,825
 (2,961) (23.1)%
Taxes and insurance 6,102
 5,734
 368
 6.4 %
Marketing and other 3,414
 3,493
 (79) (2.3)%
Rental Program operating and maintenance 22,114
 24,361
 (2,247) (9.2)%
Rental Program NOI $92,268
 $85,019
 $7,249
 8.5 %
         
Other Information        
Number of occupied rentals, end of period 11,074
 10,733
 341
 3.2 %
Investment in occupied rental homes, end of period $494,945
 $457,691
 $37,254
 8.1 %
Number of sold rental homes 1,168
 1,089
 79
 7.3 %
Weighted average monthly rental rate, end of period $901
 $882
 $19
 2.2 %

(1) The renter’s monthly payment includes the site rent and an amount attributable to the rental home lease. The site rent is reflected in the Real Property Operations segment. For purposes of management analysis, the site rent is included in the Rental Program revenue to evaluate the incremental revenue gains associated with implementation of the Rental Program, and assess the overall growth and performance of Rental Program and financial impact to our operations.

Rental Program NOI increased by 8.5 percent compared to 2016. The increase is due to a 4.6 percent increase in Rental Program revenue attributable to a 2.2 percent increase in weighted average monthly rental rates and a 3.2 percent increase in the number of occupied rentals, combined with an overall decrease in Rental Program operating and maintenance expenses.

The 9.2 percent decrease in Rental Program operating and maintenance expenses is primarily due to lower Repairs and refurbishment expenses in 2017 as compared to 2016.





SUN COMMUNITIES, INC.

OTHER INCOME STATEMENT ITEMS

The following table summarizes other income and expenses for the years ended December 31, 2017 and 2016 (amounts in thousands):
  Year Ended December 31,    
  2017 2016 Change % Change
Ancillary revenue, net $10,075
 $9,641
 $434
 4.5 %
Interest income $21,180
 $18,113
 $3,067
 16.9 %
Brokerage commissions and other revenues, net $3,694
 $3,037
 $657
 21.6 %
Home selling expenses $12,457
 $9,744
 $2,713
 27.8 %
General and administrative expenses $74,232
 $63,662
 $10,570
 16.6 %
Transaction costs $9,801
 $31,914
 $(22,113) (69.3)%
Catastrophic weather related charges, net $8,352
 $1,172
 $7,180
 612.6 %
Depreciation and amortization $261,536
 $221,770
 $39,766
 17.9 %
Loss on extinguishment of debt $6,019
 $1,127
 $4,892
 434.1 %
Interest expense $130,242
 $122,315
 $7,927
 6.5 %
Other income / (expense), net $8,982
 $(4,676) $13,658
 292.1 %
Income from nonconsolidated affiliates $
 $500
 $(500) (100.0)%
Current tax expense $(446) $(683) $237
 (34.7)%
Deferred tax benefit $582
 $400
 $182
 45.5 %

Interest income - increased primarily due to an increase in our installment notes receivable, partially offset by a decrease in our collateralized receivables, as compared to December 31, 2016.

Brokerage commissions and other revenues, net - increased due to the sale of 2,006 brokered homes in 2017 as compared to 1,655 in 2016, a 21.2 percent increase.

Home selling expenses - increased primarily due to higher volumes and higher weighted average selling prices for both new and used homes in 2017, which resulted in higher commissions.

General and administrative expenses - increased primarily due to additional employee related costs as headcount increased in connection with our growth through acquisitions.

Transaction costs - relate to diligence and other expenses incurred in connection with our acquisitions. These costs were significantly lower in 2017 as compared to 2016, due to the acquisition of Carefree Communities, Inc. (“Carefree”) in 2016.

Catastrophic weather related charges, net - In September 2017, Hurricane Irma impacted 121 of our communities in Florida and three in Georgia. We recognized charges totaling $31.7 million comprised of $21.3 million for debris and tree removal, common area repairs, and minor flooding damage, as well as $10.4 million for impaired assets at the three Florida Keys communities. These charges were partially offset by estimated insurance recoveries of $23.7 million.

In 2016, Catastrophic weather related charges, net were primarily attributable to debris and tree removal, common area repairs, and minor flooding damage from hurricanes Hermine and Matthew.

Depreciation and amortization - increased as a result of our acquisitionthe redemption of Carefree in 2016, as well as other properties in the second half of 2016 and during 2017.

Loss on extinguishment of debt - in 2017 of $6.03.4 million was recognized in connection with defeasement or repayment of collateralized term loans totaling $61.4 million. In 2016, the loss on extinguishment of debt of $1.1 million was in connection with repayment of a total of $79.1 million of collateralized term loans. Refer to Note 9, “Debt and Lines for Credit,” in our accompanying Consolidated Financial Statements for additional information.

Interest expense - increased primarily due to 2017 including a full year of interest expense from incremental borrowings of
SUN COMMUNITIES, INC.

$338.0 million, $405.0 million, and $139.0 million in connection with our Fannie Mae Financing, NML Financing, and Freddie Mac Financing arrangements, respectively. The $338.0 million and $405.0 million borrowings were entered into in June 2016, and the $139.0 million was entered into in September 2016.

Other income / (expense), net - in 2017 consisted of foreign currency translation gains of $5.9 million and a contingent liability remeasurement gain of $3.0 million, compared to 2016 which consisted of foreign currency translation losses of $5.0 million and a contingent liability remeasurement loss of $0.2 million, partially offset by a $0.5 million gain related to the acquisition of a community.

Income from nonconsolidated affiliates - of $0.5 million in 2016 was due to the saleoutstanding shares of our entire interest7.125% Series A Cumulative Redeemable Preferred Stock in Origen Financial, Inc. Prior to the sale, the carrying value of our investment was zero.November 2017.


SUN COMMUNITIES, INC.

RECONCILIATION OF NET INCOME ATTRIBUTABLE TO SUN COMMUNITIES, INC. COMMON STOCKHOLDERS TO FFO

The following table reconciles Net income attributable to Sun Communities, Inc. common stockholders to FFO for the years ended December 31, 2019, 2018, 2017, and 20162017 (in thousands, except per share amounts):
  Year Ended December 31,
  2018 2017 2016
Net income attributable to Sun Communities, Inc. common stockholders $105,493
 $65,021
 $17,369
Adjustments:      
Depreciation and amortization 288,206
 262,211
 221,576
Remeasurement of marketable securities 3,639
 
 
Amounts attributable to noncontrolling interests 7,740
 4,535
 (41)
Preferred return to preferred OP units 2,206
 2,320
 2,462
Preferred distribution to Series A-4 Preferred Stock 1,737
 2,107
 
Gain on disposition of assets, net (23,406) (16,075) (15,713)
FFO attributable to Sun Communities, Inc. common stockholders and dilutive convertible securities (1)
 $385,615
 $320,119
 $225,653
Adjustments:      
Transaction costs (2)
 
 9,801
 31,914
Other acquisition related costs (3)
 1,001
 2,810
 3,328
Income from nonconsolidated affiliates 
 
 (500)
Loss on extinguishment of debt 2,657
 6,019
 1,127
Catastrophic weather related costs, net 92
 8,352
 1,172
Loss of earnings - catastrophic weather related (4)
 (292) 292
 
Other expense / (income), net 6,453
 (8,982) 4,676
Debt premium write-off (1,467) (1,343) (839)
Ground lease intangible write-off 817
 898
 
Deferred tax benefit (507) (582) (400)
Core FFO attributable to Sun Communities, Inc. common stockholders and dilutive convertible securities (1)
 $394,369
 $337,384
 $266,131
       
Weighted average common shares outstanding - basic: 81,387
 76,084
 65,856
Add:      
Common stock issuable upon conversion of stock options 2
 2
 8
Restricted stock 651
 625
 457
Common OP units 2,733
 2,756
 2,844
Common stock issuable upon conversion of Series A-1 preferred OP units 821
 869
 925
Common stock issuable upon conversion of Series A-4 preferred stock 472
 585
 
Common stock issuable upon conversion of Series A-3 preferred OP units 75
 75
 75
Weighted average common shares outstanding - fully diluted 86,141
 80,996
 70,165
       
FFO attributable to Sun Communities, Inc. common stockholders and dilutive convertible securities per share - fully diluted $4.48
 $3.95
 $3.22
Core FFO attributable to Sun Communities, Inc. common stockholders and dilutive convertible securities per share - fully diluted $4.58
 $4.17
 $3.79

  Year Ended
  December 31, 2019 December 31, 2018 December 31, 2017
Net income attributable to Sun Communities, Inc. common stockholders $160,265
 $105,493
 $65,021
Adjustments      
Depreciation and amortization 328,646
 288,206
 262,211
(Gain) / loss on remeasurement of marketable securities (34,240) 3,639
 
Amounts attributable to noncontrolling interests 8,474
 7,740
 4,535
Preferred return to preferred OP units 2,610
 2,206
 2,320
Preferred distribution to Series A-4 preferred stock 1,288
 1,737
 2,107
Gain on disposition of assets, net (26,356) (23,406) (16,075)
FFO attributable to Sun Communities, Inc. common stockholders and dilutive convertible securities (4)
 $440,687
 $385,615
 $320,119
Adjustments:      
Transaction costs (1)
 
 
 9,801
Other acquisition related costs (2)
 1,146
 1,001
 2,810
(Gain) / loss on extinguishment of debt 16,505
 1,190
 4,676
Catastrophic weather related charges, net 1,737
 92
 8,352
Loss of earnings - catastrophic weather related (3)
 
 (292) 292
Other (income) / expense, net (3,457) 6,453
 (8,982)
Other adjustments (4)
 314
 310
 316
Core FFO attributable to Sun Communities, Inc. common stockholders and dilutive convertible securities (5)
 $456,932
 $394,369
 $337,384
       
Weighted average common shares outstanding - basic 88,460
 81,387
 76,084
Add      
Common stock issuable upon conversion of stock options 1
 2
 2
Restricted stock 454
 651
 625
Common stock issuable upon conversion of Series A-4 preferred stock 423
 472
 585
Common stock issuable upon conversion of Series A-4 preferred OP units 172
 
 
Common OP units 2,448
 2,733
 2,756
Common stock issuable upon conversion of Series A-3 preferred OP units 75
 75
 75
Common stock issuable upon conversion of Series A-1 preferred OP units 784
 821
 869
Weighted average common shares outstanding - fully diluted 92,817
 86,141
 80,996
       
FFO attributable to Sun Communities, Inc. common stockholders and dilutive convertible securities per share - fully diluted $4.75
 $4.48
 $3.95
Core FFO attributable to Sun Communities, Inc. common stockholders and dilutive convertible securities per share - fully diluted $4.92
 $4.58
 $4.17
(1)The effect of certain anti-dilutive convertible securities is excluded from these items.
(2)  In January 2018, we adopted ASU 2017-01. Under previous guidance, substantially all of our property acquisitions were accounted for as business combinations with acquisition related costs expensed as incurred and reported as Transaction costs. Under ASU 2017-01, direct acquisition related costs are capitalized as part of the purchase price. Acquisitions costs that do not meet the criteria for capitalization are expensed as incurred.
(3)(2) These costs represent the expenses incurred to bring recently acquired properties up to our operating standards, including items such as tree trimming and painting costs that do not meet our capitalization policy.
(4)(3)  During 2018, the adjustment was for the previously estimated FFO impact of the income related to the loss of earnings in excess of the applicable business interruption deductible in relation to our Florida Keys communities, impaired by Hurricane Irma, that was not recognized as income in those respective periods. The income related to the loss of earnings was recognized during the three months ended December 31, 2018 upon notification of payment by the insurance company. During 2017, the adjustment represented the related estimated loss of earnings in excess of the applicable business interruption deductible.
(4) Other adjustments include early retirement compensation expense, ground lease intangible write-off, and deferred tax benefits.
(5) The effect of certain anti-dilutive convertible securities is excluded from these items.
SUN COMMUNITIES, INC.

LIQUIDITY AND CAPITAL RESOURCES

Our principal liquidity demands have historically been, and are expected to continue to be, distributions to our stockholders and the unit holders of the Operating Partnership, capital improvement of properties, the purchase of new and pre-owned homes, property acquisitions, development and expansion of properties, and debt repayment.

Subject to market conditions, we intend to continue to identify opportunities to expand our development pipeline and acquire existing communities. We finance acquisitions through available cash, secured financing, draws on our lines of credit, the assumption of existing debt on properties, and the issuance of equity securities. We will continue to evaluate acquisition opportunities that meet our criteria. During the year ended December 31, 2018, we acquired 20 communities. Refer to Note 3, “RealReal Estate Acquisitions”Acquisitionsin our accompanying Consolidated Financial Statements for information regarding recent community acquisitions.

We also intend to continue to strengthen our capital and liquidity positions by focusing on our core fundamentals, which are generating positive cash flows from operations, maintaining appropriate debt levels and leverage ratios, and controlling overhead costs. We intend to meet our liquidity requirements through available cash balances, cash flows generated from operations, draws on our lines of credit, and the use of debt and equity offerings under our shelf registration statement. Refer to Note 9, “DebtDebt and Lines of Credit”Credit and Note 10, “EquityEquity and Mezzanine Securities”Temporary Equity in our accompanying Consolidated Financial Statements for additional information.

Capital Expenditures

Our capital expenditures include expansion sites and ground-up development construction costs, lot modifications, recurring capital expenditures and rental home purchases.

For the years ended December 31, 20182019 and 2017,2018, expansion and development activities of $152.7$281.8 million and $88.3$152.7 million, respectively, related to costs consisting primarily of construction of sites and other costs necessary to complete home site improvements. The increase is primarily driven by the ground-up developments and redevelopment at five communities.

For the years ended December 31, 20182019 and 2017,2018, lot modification expenditures were $22.9$31.1 million and $18.1$22.9 million, respectively. These expenditures improve asset quality in our communities and are incurred when an existing home is removed and the site is prepared for a new home (more often than not, a multi-sectional home). These activities, which are mandated by strict manufacturer’s installation requirements and state building codes, include items such as new foundations, driveways, and utility upgrades.

For the years ended December 31, 20182019 and 2017,2018, recurring capital expenditures were $24.3$30.4 million and $14.2$24.3 million, respectively, related to our continued commitment to the upkeep of our properties.

We invest in the acquisition of homes intended for the Rental Program. Expenditures for these investments depend upon the condition of the markets for repossessions and new home sales, as well as rental homes. We finance certain of our new home purchases with a $12.0 million manufactured home floor plan facility. Our ability to purchase homes for sale or rent may be limited by cash received from third-party financing of our home sales, available manufactured home floor plan financing and working capital available on our lines of credit.

Cash Flow Activities

Our cash flow activities are summarized as follows (in thousands):
  Year Ended December 31,
  2018 2017 2016
Net Cash Provided by Operating Activities $363,114
 $257,983
 $241,455
Net Cash Used for Investing Activities $(733,743) $(401,642) $(1,614,512)
Net Cash Provided by Financing Activities $409,905
 $141,557
 $1,338,970
Effect of exchange rate on cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash $(523) $298
 $(73)
  Year Ended
  December 31,
2019
 December 31,
2018
 December 31,
2017
Net Cash Provided By Operating Activities $476,734
 $363,114
 $257,983
Net Cash Used For Investing Activities $(1,010,457) $(733,743) $(401,642)
Net Cash Provided By Financing Activities $505,880
 $409,905
 $141,557
Effect of Exchange Rate Changes on Cash, Cash Equivalents and Restricted Cash $411
 $(523) $298

Cash, cash equivalents, and restricted cash increaseddecreased by $38.8approximately by $27.5 million from $23.5 million as of December 31, 2017, to $62.3 million as of December 31, 2018.2018, to $34.8 million as of December 31, 2019.

Operating Activities
SUN COMMUNITIES, INC.

Operating Activities - Net cash provided by operating activities increased by $105.1$113.6 million from $258.0 million for the year ended December 31, 2017 to $363.1 million for the year ended December 31, 2018.

SUN COMMUNITIES, INC.
2018 to $476.7 million for the year ended December 31, 2019.

Our net cash flows provided by operating activities from continuing operations may be adversely impacted by, among other things: (a) the market and economic conditions in our current markets generally, and specifically in metropolitan areas of our current markets; (b) lower occupancy and rental rates of our properties; (c) increased operating costs, such as wage and benefit costs, insurance premiums, real estate taxes and utilities, that cannot be passed on to our tenants; (d) decreased sales of manufactured homes; and (e) current volatility in economic conditions and the financial markets. See “Risk Factors” in Part I, Item 1A in this Annual Report on Form 10-K.

Investing Activities

- Net cash used for investing activities was $1.0 billion for the year ended December 31, 2019, compared to $733.7 million for year ended December 31, 2018. Refer to Note 3, “Real Estate Acquisitions” in our accompanying Consolidated Financial Statements for additional information.

Financing Activities - Net cash provided by financing activities was $505.9 million for the year ended December 31, 2018,2019, compared to $401.6 million for the year ended December 31, 2017.

Financing Activities

Net cash provided by financing activities was $409.9 million for the year ended December 31, 2018, compared to $141.6 million for the year ended December 31, 2017.2018. Refer to Note 9, “DebtDebt and Lines of Credit”Credit and Note 10, “EquityEquity and Mezzanine Securities”Temporary Equity in our accompanying Consolidated Financial Statements for additional information.

Financial Flexibility

In July 2017, we entered into a newan at the market offering sales agreement (the(as amended, the “Sales Agreement”) with certain sales agents (collectively, the “Sales Agents”), whereby we may offer and sell shares of our common stock, having an aggregate offering price of up to $450.0 million, from time to time through the Sales Agents. The Sales Agents are entitled to compensation in an agreed amount not to exceed 2.0 percent of the gross price per share for any shares sold from time to time under the Sales Agreement. Through December 31, 2018,2019, we have sold shares of our common stock for gross proceeds of $163.8 million under the Sales Agreement. Refer to Note 10, “Equity and Temporary Equity” in our accompanying Consolidated Financial Statements for additional information.

In April 2017,October 2019, we assumed a term loan facility with Citibank N.A. (“Citibank”), in the amount of $58.0 million. The term loan has a four-year term ending October 29, 2023, and bears interest at a floating rate based on the Eurodollar rate or Prime rate. The outstanding balance was $57.0 million at December 31, 2019.

In May 2019, we amended and restated our credit agreement (the “A&R Credit Agreement”) with Citibank, N.A. (“Citibank”) and certain other lenders. Pursuant to the A&R Credit Agreement,credit agreement, we entered into a senior revolving credit facility with Citibank and certain other lenders in the amount of $650.0$750.0 million, comprised of a $550.0$650.0 million revolving loan, with the ability to use up to $100.0 million for advances in Australian dollars, and a $100.0 million term loan (the “A&R Facility”). We repaidhave until March 17, 2020 to draw on the term loan in full on September 7, 2018 and are unable to reborrowloan. As of December 31, 2019, we had not drawn any funds on the term loan. The A&R Credit Agreementcredit agreement has a four-year term ending April 25, 2021,May 21, 2023, which can be extended for two additional six-month periods, at our option, subject to the satisfaction of certain conditions as defined in the A&R Credit Agreement.credit agreement. The A&R Credit Agreementcredit agreement also provides for, subject to the satisfaction of certain conditions, additional commitments in an amount not to exceed $350.0 million. If additional borrowings are made pursuant to any such additional commitments, the aggregate borrowing limit under the A&R Facility may be increased up to $900.0 million.$1.1 billion.

The A&R Facility bears interest at a floating rate based on the Eurodollar rate or Bank Bill Swap Bid Rate plus a margin that is determined based on our leverage ratio calculated in accordance with the A&R Credit Agreement,credit agreement, which margin can range from 1.351.20 percent to 2.202.10 percent for the revolving loan and 1.20 percent to 2.05 percent for the term loan. As of December 31, 2018,2019, the margin based on our leverage ratio was 1.351.20 percent on the revolving loan and 1.20 percent on the term loan. We had $128.0$123.6 million and zero of borrowings on the revolving loan and no borrowings on the term loan, respectively, as of December 31, 2018.2019.

The A&R Facility provides us with the ability to issue letters of credit. Our issuance of letters of credit does not increase our borrowings outstanding under our line of credit, but does reduce the borrowing amount available. At December 31, 20182019 and December 31, 2017,2018, approximately $3.9$2.8 million and $1.3$3.9 million of availability was used to back standby letters of credit.

Pursuant to the terms of the A&R Facility, we are subject to various financial and other covenants. We are currently in compliance with these covenants. The most restrictive financial covenants for the A&R Facility are as follows:

Covenant Requirement As of December 31, 20182019
Maximum Leverage Ratio <65.0% 31.3%26.8%
Minimum Fixed Charge Coverage Ratio >1.40 2.953.52
Minimum Tangible Net Worth(in thousands)
 > $2,918,046$3,257,121 $4,677,8345,633,050
Maximum Dividend Payout Ratio <95.0% 58.7%58.0%

SUN COMMUNITIES, INC.

We anticipate meeting our long-term liquidity requirements, such as scheduled debt maturities, large property acquisitions, constructionexpansion and development of expansion sites and ground-up development communities, and Operating Partnership unit redemptions through the issuance of certain debt or equity securities and/or the collateralization of our properties. At December 31, 2018,2019, we had 186234 unencumbered properties, of which 6165 support the borrowing base for our $650.0 million line of credit. revolving loan in our A&R Facility and 31 support the borrowing base for a term loan facility.

From time to time, we may also issue shares of our capital stock, issue equity units in our Operating Partnership, obtain debt financing, or sell selected assets. Our ability to finance our long-term liquidity requirements in such a manner will be affected by numerous economic factors affecting the MH and RV community industry at the time, including the availability and cost of mortgage debt, our financial condition, the operating history of the properties, the state of the debt and equity markets, and the general national, regional, and local economic conditions. When it becomes necessary for us to approach the credit markets, the volatility in those markets could make borrowing more difficult to secure, more expensive, or effectively unavailable. See “Risk Factors” in Part I, Item 1A inof this Annual Report on Form 10-K. If we are unable to obtain additional debt or equity financing on acceptable terms, our business, results of operations and financial condition would be adversely impacted.

As of December 31, 2019, our net debt to enterprise value was approximately 19.0 percent (assuming conversion of all common OP units, Series A-1 preferred OP units, Series A-3 preferred OP units, Series C preferred OP units and Series D preferred OP units to shares of common stock). Our debt has a weighted average maturity of approximately 11.1 years and a weighted average interest rate of 4.0 percent.

Off-Balance Sheet Arrangements

Our off-balance sheet investments include nonconsolidated affiliates. These investments all have varying ownership structures. Substantially all of our nonconsolidated affiliates are accounted for under the equity method of accounting as we have the ability to exercise significant influence, but not control, over the operating and financial decisions of these joint venture arrangements. Refer to Note 7,"Investments in Nonconsolidated Affiliates" and Note 9, "Debt and Lines of Credit" in the accompanying consolidated financial statements, for additional information on our off-balance sheet investments.

Nonconsolidated Affiliate Indebtedness - During September 2019, GTSC, LLC entered into a warehouse line of credit with a maximum loan amount of $125.0 million. As of December 31, 2019, the aggregate carrying amount of debt, including both our and our partners’ share, incurred by GTSC was approximately $123.4 million (of which our proportionate share is approximately $49.4 million). The debt bears interest at a variable rate based on LIBOR plus 1.65 percent per annum and matures on September 15, 2023. Refer to Note 7,"Investments in Nonconsolidated Affiliates" for additional information on our nonconsolidated affiliates.

SUN COMMUNITIES, INC.

Contractual Cash Obligations

Our primary long-term liquidity needs are principal payments on outstanding indebtedness. As of December 31, 2018,2019, our outstanding contractual obligations, including interest expense, were as follows:
    Payments Due By Period
    (In thousands)
Contractual Cash Obligations (1)
 Total Due <1 year 1-3 years 3-5 years After 5 years
Collateralized term loans - Life Companies $1,262,351
 $27,576
 $75,797
 $62,806
 $1,096,172
Collateralized term loans - FNMA 762,632
 16,416
 221,560
 223,628
 301,028
Collateralized term loans - CMBS 405,864
 7,890
 136,570
 81,619
 179,785
Collateralized term loans - FMCC 382,754
 6,281
 13,305
 131,827
 231,341
Secured borrowings 107,731
 5,265
 11,917
 12,754
 77,795
Lines of credit 128,000
 
 128,000
 
 
Preferred Equity - Sun NG Resorts - mandatorily redeemable 35,277
 
 
 35,277
 
Preferred OP units - mandatorily redeemable 37,338
 2,675
 
 
 34,663
 Total principal payments $3,121,947
 $66,103
 $587,149
 $547,911
 $1,920,784
           
Interest expense (2)
 $899,780
 $129,261
 $237,145
 $185,468
 $347,906
Operating leases 64,070
 3,765
 7,530
 7,530
 45,245
Capital lease obligation 4,660
 120
 240
 240
 4,060
 Total contractual cash obligations $4,090,457
 $199,249
 $832,064
 $741,149
 $2,317,995

    Payments Due By Period
    (In thousands)
Contractual Cash Obligations (1)
 Total Due <1 year 1-3 years 3-5 years After 5 years
Collateralized term loans - Life Companies $1,716,587
 $36,319
 $93,232
 $82,444
 $1,504,592
Collateralized term loans - FNMA 697,449
 29,623
 56,375
 78,349
 533,102
Collateralized term loans - CMBS 397,963
 8,075
 189,243
 198,524
 2,121
Collateralized term loans - FMCC 376,473
 6,502
 13,883
 259,317
 96,771
Preferred Equity - Sun NG Resorts - mandatory redeemable 35,249
 
 35,249
 
 
Preferred OP units - mandatorily redeemable 34,663
 
 
 34,663
 
Lines of credit 183,898
 10,000
 23,293
 150,605
 
Total principal payments $3,442,282
 $90,519
 $411,275
 $803,902
 $2,136,586
           
Interest expense (2)
 $1,202,326
 $138,025
 $250,970
 $206,271
 $607,060
Operating leases 45,083
 2,397
 4,929
 5,465
 32,292
Finance lease 4,540
 120
 240
 4,180
 
Total contractual cash obligations $4,694,231
 $231,061
 $667,414
 $1,019,818
 $2,775,938
(1) Contractual cash obligations in this table exclude debt premiums, discounts and deferred financing costs, as applicable.
(2) Our contractual cash obligations related to interest expense are calculated based on the current debt levels, rates and maturities as of December 31, 20182019 (including capital leases and excluding secured borrowings)finance leases), and actual payments required in future periods may be different than the amounts included above. Perpetual securities include one year of interest expense in the “After 5 years” category.

As of December 31, 2018, our net debt to enterprise value approximated 25.2 percent (assuming conversion of all common OP units, Series A-1 preferred OP units, Series A-3 preferred OP units, Series A-4 preferred OP units, and Series C preferred OP units to shares of common stock). Our debt had a weighted average maturity of approximately 9.0 years and a weighted average interest rate of 4.5 percent.
SUN COMMUNITIES, INC.

CRITICAL ACCOUNTING POLICIES AND ESTIMATES

Our Consolidated Financial Statements are prepared in accordance with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles (“GAAP”), which require the use of estimates, judgments and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities, the disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements, and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses in the periods presented. We believe that the accounting estimates employed are appropriate and resulting balances are reasonable; however, due to inherent uncertainties in making estimates, actual results could differ from the original estimates, requiring adjustments to these balances in future periods.
 
The critical accounting estimates that affect the Consolidated Financial Statements and that use judgments and assumptions are listed below. In addition, the likelihood that materially different amounts could be reported under varied conditions and assumptions is discussed.

Refer to Note 1, “SignificantSignificant Accounting Policies,” in our accompanying Consolidated Financial Statements for information regarding our critical accounting estimates.

Impact of New Accounting Standards

Refer to Note 17, “RecentRecent Accounting Pronouncements,” in our accompanying Consolidated Financial Statements for information regarding new accounting pronouncements.

Off-Balance Sheet Arrangements

We do not have any off-balance sheet arrangementsNonconsolidated Affiliate Indebtedness - During September 2019, GTSC entered into a warehouse line of credit with any unconsolidated entities that we believe have or are reasonably likely to have a material effectmaximum loan amount of $125.0 million. As of December 31, 2019, the aggregate carrying amount of debt, including both our and our partners’ share, incurred by GTSC was approximately $123.4 million (of which our proportionate share is approximately $49.4 million). The debt bears interest at a variable rate based on its financial condition, results of operations, liquidity, or capital resources.LIBOR plus 1.65 percent per annum and matures on September 15, 2023.


SUN COMMUNITIES, INC.

ITEM 7A. QUANTITATIVE AND QUALITATIVE DISCLOSURES ABOUT MARKET RISK

Market risk is the exposure to loss resulting from changes in market factors such as interest rates, foreign currency exchange rates, commodity prices, and equity prices.

Interest Rate Risk

Our principal market risk exposure is interest rate risk. We mitigate this risk by maintaining prudent amounts of leverage, minimizing capital costs, and interest expense while continuously evaluating all available debt and equity resources and following established risk management policies and procedures, which include the periodic use of derivatives. Our primary strategy in entering into derivative contracts is to minimize the variability that interest rate changes could have on our future cash flows. From time to time, we employ derivative instruments that effectively convert a portion of our variable rate debt to fixed rate debt. We do not enter into derivative instruments for speculative purposes.

Our variable rate debt totaled $128.0$183.9 million and $194.7$128.0 million as of December 31, 20182019 and 2017,2018, respectively, and bears interest based on Prime or various LIBOR rates. If Prime or LIBOR increased or decreased by 1.0 percent, our interest expense would have increased or decreased by approximately $2.4$2.6 million and $2.3$2.4 million for the years ended December 31, 20182019 and 2017,2018, respectively, based on the $235.9$259.4 million and $229.6$235.9 million average balances outstanding under our variable rate debt facilities, respectively.

Foreign Currency Exchange Rate Risk

Foreign currency exchange rate risk is the risk that fluctuations in currencies against the U.S. dollar will negatively impact our results of operations. We are exposed to foreign currency exchange rate risk as a result of remeasurement and translation of the assets and liabilities of our Canadian properties, and our Australian equity investment and joint venture into U.S. dollars. Fluctuations in foreign currency exchange rates can therefore create volatility in our results of operations and may adversely affect our financial condition.

At December 31, 20182019 and 2017,2018, our stockholder’s equity included $141.4$202.5 million and $91.5$141.4 million from our Canadian subsidiaries and Australian equity investments, respectively, which represented 4.65.2 percent and 3.44.6 percent of total equity, respectively. Based on our sensitivity analysis, a 10.0 percent strengthening of the U.S. dollar against the Canadian and Australian dollars would have caused a reduction of $14.1$20.2 million and $9.2$14.1 million to our total stockholder’s equity at December 31, 20182019 and 2017,2018, respectively.
 

SUN COMMUNITIES, INC.

ITEM 8.    FINANCIAL STATEMENTS AND SUPPLEMENTARY DATA

Financial statements and supplementary data are filed herewith under Item 15.

ITEM 9.CHANGES IN AND DISAGREEMENTS WITH ACCOUNTANTS ON ACCOUNTING AND FINANCIAL DISCLOSURE

None.

ITEM 9A.     CONTROLS AND PROCEDURES

Disclosure Controls and Procedures

We maintain disclosure controls and procedures designed to provide reasonable assurance that information required to be disclosed in reports filed under the Exchange Act is recorded, processed, summarized and reported within the specified time periods and accumulated and communicated to our management, including our principal executive officer and principal financial officer, as appropriate to allow timely decisions regarding required disclosure.

Our management, with the participation of our CEO and CFO, evaluated the effectiveness of our disclosure controls and procedures (pursuant to Rules 13a-15(e) or 15d-15(e) of the Exchange Act) at December 31, 2018.2019. Based upon this evaluation, our CEO and CFO concluded that our disclosure controls and procedures were effective as of December 31, 2018.2019.

Management’s Report on Internal Control over Financial Reporting

Our management is responsible for establishing and maintaining effective internal control over financial reporting as defined in Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f) under the Exchange Act. This system is designed to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of consolidated financial statements for external purposes in accordance with U.S. GAAP. Because of the inherent limitations of internal control over financial reporting, including the possibility of collusion or improper management override of controls, misstatements due to error or fraud may not be prevented or detected on a timely basis.

Our management performed an assessment of the effectiveness of our internal control over financial reporting at December 31, 2018,2019, utilizing the criteria discussed in the “Internal Control - Integrated Framework (2013)” issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission. The objective of this assessment was to determine whether our internal control over financial reporting was effective at December 31, 2018.2019. Based on management’s assessment, we have concluded that our internal control over financial reporting was effective at December 31, 2018.2019.
 
The effectiveness of our internal control over financial reporting has been audited by Grant Thornton LLP, an independent registered public accounting firm, as stated in its report which is included herein.

Changes in Internal Control Over Financial Reporting

There were no material changes in our internal control over financial reporting during the year ended December 31, 2018.2019.


ITEM 9B.    OTHER INFORMATION

None.
SUN COMMUNITIES, INC.

PART III

ITEM 10. DIRECTORS, EXECUTIVE OFFICERS AND CORPORATE GOVERNANCE

Pursuant to instruction 3 to paragraph (b)the general instructions of Item 401 of Regulation S-K, certain information regarding our executive officers is contained in Part I of this Form 10-K. Unless provided in an amendment to this Annual Report on Form 10-K, the other information required by this Item is incorporated herein by reference to the applicable information in the proxy statement for our 20192020 annual meeting (the “Proxy Statement,”) including the information set forth under the captions “Board“Proposal No.1 Election of Directors and Corporate- Consideration of Director Nominees,” “Corporate Governance - IncumbentBoard of Directors, and Nominees,“Management and Executive Compensation“Corporate Governance - Executive Officers,Committees of the Board of Directors,“Section“Security Ownership Information - Section 16(a) Beneficial Ownership Reporting Compliance,” “Board of Directors and Corporate Governance“ Information About Executive Officers - Board of Directors and Committees” and “Board of Directors and Corporate Governance - Consideration of Director Nominees.Executive Officers Biography.

ITEM 11. EXECUTIVE COMPENSATION

Unless provided in an amendment to this Annual Report on Form 10-K, the information required by this Item is incorporated by reference to the applicable information in the Proxy Statement, including the information set forth under the captions “Management and Executive Compensation,” “Board“Proposal No.1 Election of Directors and Corporate Governance - Director Compensation, Table,“Compensation“Corporate Governance - Compensation Committee Interlocks and Insider Participation”Participation,” and “Compensation Committee Report.“Executive Compensation.” The information in the section captioned “Compensation“Executive Compensation - Compensation Committee Report” in the Proxy Statement or an amendment to this Annual Report on Form 10-K is incorporated by reference herein but shall be deemed furnished, not filed, and shall not be deemed to be incorporated by reference into any filing we make under the Securities Act or the Exchange Act.

ITEM 12. SECURITY OWNERSHIP OF CERTAIN BENEFICIAL OWNERS AND MANAGEMENT AND RELATED STOCKHOLDER MATTERS

Unless provided in an amendment to this Annual Report on Form 10-K, the information required by this Item is incorporated by reference to the applicable information in the Proxy Statement, including the information set forth under the captions “Security Ownership of Certain Beneficial Owners and Management” and “Securities Authorized for Issuance Under Equity Compensation Plans.”Information”

ITEM 13. CERTAIN RELATIONSHIPS AND RELATED TRANSACTIONS, AND DIRECTOR INDEPENDENCE

Unless provided in an amendment to this Annual Report on Form 10-K, the information required by this Item is incorporated by reference to the Proxy Statement, including the information set forth under the captions “Certain Relationships and Related Transactions and Director Independence,” “Board of Directors and Corporate“Corporate Governance - Board of Directors, and Committees” and “Board” “Corporate Governance - Committees of the Board of Directors, and Corporate” “Corporate Governance - Board Leadership Structure and Independence of Non-Employee Directors.Directors,” and “Corporate Governance - Certain Relationships and Related Party Transactions.

ITEM 14. PRINCIPAL ACCOUNTANT FEES AND SERVICES

Unless provided in an amendment to this Annual Report on Form 10-K, the information required by this Item is incorporated by reference to the Proxy Statement, including the information set forth under the caption “Ratification“ Proposal No.3 - Ratification of Selection of Grant Thornton LLP.”

SUN COMMUNITIES, INC.

PART IV

ITEM 15. EXHIBITS AND FINANCIAL STATEMENT SCHEDULES

The following documents are filed herewith as part of this Form 10-K:

1.    Financial Statements
A list of the financial statements required to be filed as a part of this Annual Report on Form 10‑K is shown in the “Index to the Consolidated Financial Statements and Financial Statement Schedules” filed herewith.

2.    Financial Schedule
The financial statement schedule required to be filed as a part of this Annual Report on Form 10‑K is shown in the “Index to the Consolidated Financial Statements and Financial Statement Schedules” filed herewith.

3.    Exhibits
A list of the exhibits required by Item 601 of Regulation S‑K to be filed as a part of this Annual Report on Form 10-K is shown on the “Exhibit Index” filed herewith.


ITEM 16. FORM 10-K SUMMARY

None.

SUN COMMUNITIES, INC.

EXHIBIT INDEXEXHIBITS

Exhibit NumberDescriptionMethod of Filing
2.1Incorporated by reference to Sun Communities, Inc.’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed on August 22, 2019
3.1Incorporated by reference to Sun Communities, Inc.’s Current Report on Form 10-K filed on February 22, 2018
3.2Incorporated by reference to Sun Communities, Inc.’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed on May 12, 2017
4.1Incorporated by reference to Sun Communities, Inc.’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed February 12, 2013
4.2Incorporated by reference to Sun Communities, Inc.’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed March 22, 2016
4.3Incorporated by reference to Sun Communities, Inc.’s Registration Statement on Form 8-A filed November 9, 2012
4.4Incorporated by reference to Sun Communities, Inc.’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed December 2, 2014
10.1Incorporated by reference to Sun Communities, Inc.’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed June 9, 2016
10.2Incorporated by reference to Sun Communities, Inc.’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed June 9, 2016
10.3Incorporated by reference to Sun Communities, Inc.’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed June 9, 2016
10.4Incorporated by reference to Sun Communities, Inc.’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed June 9, 2016
10.5Incorporated by reference to Sun Communities, Inc.’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed June 9, 2016
10.6Incorporated by reference to Sun Communities, Inc.’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed June 9, 2016
10.7Incorporated by reference to Sun Communities, Inc.’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed June 9, 2016Filed herewith
10.8Incorporated by reference to Sun Communities, Inc.’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, December 31, 2002, as amended
10.9Filed herewithIncorporated by reference to Sun Communities, Inc.’s Current Report on Form 10-K filed on February 21, 2019
10.10Incorporated by reference to Sun Communities, Inc.’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed February 5, 2019
10.11Incorporated by reference to Sun Communities, Inc.’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed July 25, 2012
10.12Incorporate by reference to Exhibit A to Sun Communities, Inc.’s Definitive Proxy Statement filed on March 29, 2018
10.13Incorporated by reference to Sun Communities, Inc.’s Proxy Statement dated April 29, 2015 for the Annual meeting of Stockholders held July 20, 2015
10.14Incorporated by reference to Sun Communities, Inc.’s Registration Statement No. 33 69340
SUN COMMUNITIES, INC.

10.15Incorporated by reference to Sun Communities, Inc.’s Registration Statement No. 33 80972
10.16Incorporated by reference to Sun Communities, Inc.’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2004
10.17Incorporated by reference to Sun Communities, Inc.’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed July 15, 2014
10.18Incorporated by reference to Sun Communities, Inc.’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed June 24, 2013
10.19Incorporated by reference to Sun Communities, Inc.’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed July 15, 2014
10.20Incorporated by reference to Sun Communities, Inc.’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed on March 8, 2017
10.21Incorporated by reference to Sun Communities, Inc.’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed May 20, 2015
10.22Incorporated by reference to Sun Communities, Inc.’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed on March 8, 2017
10.23Incorporated by reference to Sun Communities, Inc.’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed July 17, 2015
10.24Incorporated by reference to Sun Communities, Inc.’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed on March 8, 2017
10.25Incorporated by reference to Sun Communities, Inc.’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed July 15, 2014
10.2610.29Incorporated by reference to Sun Communities, Inc.’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed on July 28, 2017.
10.27
Incorporated by reference to Sun Communities, Inc.’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed on April 26, 2018.

10.28

Incorporated by reference to Sun Communities, Inc.’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed on April 27, 2017May 24, 2019

21.1Filed herewith
23.1Filed herewith
SUN COMMUNITIES, INC.

31.1Filed herewith
31.2Filed herewith
32.1Furnished herewith
101.INSXBRL Instance DocumentThe instance document does not appear in the Interactive Data File because its XBRL tags are embedded within the Inline XBRL document.
101.SCHXBRL Taxonomy Extension Schema DocumentFiled herewith
101.CALXBRL Taxonomy Extension Calculation Linkbase DocumentFiled herewith
101.DEFXBRL Taxonomy Extension Definition Linkbase DocumentFiled herewith
101.LABXBRL Taxonomy Extension Label Linkbase DocumentFiled herewith
101.PREXBRL Taxonomy Extension Presentation Linkbase DocumentFiled herewith


#Management contract or compensatory plan or arrangement.
SUN COMMUNITIES, INC.

SIGNATURES

Pursuant to the requirements of Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized.


 
SUN COMMUNITIES, INC.
(Registrant)
Dated: February 21, 201920, 2020By/s/Gary A. Shiffman
   
Gary A. Shiffman
Chief Executive Officer


Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, this Annual Report on Form 10-K has been signed by the following persons on behalf of the registrant and in the capacities and on the dates indicated.

 Name Capacity Date
/s/Gary A. Shiffman Chief Executive Officer and Chairman of the Board of Directors (Principal Executive Officer) February 21, 201920, 2020
 Gary A. Shiffman    
/s/Karen J. Dearing Executive Vice President, Chief Financial Officer, Treasurer and Secretary (Principal Financial Officer and Principal Accounting Officer) February 21, 201920, 2020
 Karen J. Dearing    
/s/Meghan G. Baivier Director February 21, 201920, 2020
 Meghan G. Baivier    
/s/Stephanie W. Bergeron Director February 21, 201920, 2020
 Stephanie W. Bergeron    
/s/Brian M. Hermelin Director February 21, 201920, 2020
 Brian M. Hermelin    
/s/Ronald A. Klein Director February 21, 201920, 2020
 Ronald A. Klein    
/s/Clunet R. Lewis Director February 21, 201920, 2020
 Clunet R. Lewis    
/s/Arthur A. Weiss Director February 21, 201920, 2020
 Arthur A. Weiss    



SUN COMMUNITIES, INC.

INDEX TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS AND
FINANCIAL STATEMENT SCHEDULE



 Page
Reports of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm
F-2
Financial Statements: 
Consolidated Balance Sheets as of December 31, 20182019 and 20172018
F-45
Consolidated Statements of Operations for the Years Ended December 31, 2019, 2018 2017, and 20162017
F-56
Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income for the Years Ended December 31, 2019, 2018 2017, and 2016
F-6
Consolidated Statements of Stockholders’ Equity for the Years Ended December 31, 2018, 2017 and 2016
F-7
Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows for the Years Ended December 31, 2019, 2018 2017, and 20162017
F-8
Consolidated Statements of Stockholders’ Equity for the Years Ended December 31, 2019, 2018 and 2017
F-10
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
F-911
Real Estate and Accumulated Depreciation, Schedule III


SUN COMMUNITIES, INC.



REPORT OF INDEPENDENT REGISTERED PUBLIC ACCOUNTING FIRM

Board of Directors and Stockholders
Sun Communities, Inc.

Opinion on the financial statements
We have audited the accompanying consolidated balance sheets of Sun Communities, Inc. (a Maryland corporation) and subsidiaries (the “Company”) as of December 31, 20182019 and 2017,2018, and the related consolidated statements of operations, comprehensive income, stockholders’ equity, and cash flows for each of the three years in the period ended December 31, 2018,2019, and the related notes and the financial statement schedule Real Estate and Accumulated Depreciation, Schedule IIIincluded under Item 15(a) (collectively referred to as the “financial statements”). In our opinion, the financial statements present fairly, in all material respects, the financial position of the Company as of December 31, 20182019 and 2017,2018, and the results of its operations and its cash flows for each of the three years in the period ended December 31, 2018,2019, in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America.

We also have audited, in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States) (“PCAOB”), the Company’s internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2018,2019, based on criteria established in the 2013 Internal Control-Integrated Framework issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission (“COSO”), and our report dated February 21, 2019 20, 2020expressed an unqualified opinion.

Change in accounting principle
As discussed in Note 17 to the consolidated financial statements, the Company has changed its method of accounting for leases in 2019 due to the adoption of ASC Topic 842, Leases.

Basis for opinion
These financial statements are the responsibility of the Company’s management. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on the Company’s financial statements based on our audits. We are a public accounting firm registered with the PCAOB and are required to be independent with respect to the Company in accordance with the U.S. federal securities laws and the applicable rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission and the PCAOB.

We conducted our audits in accordance with the standards of the PCAOB. Those standards require that we plan and perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the financial statements are free of material misstatement, whether due to error or fraud. Our audits included performing procedures to assess the risks of material misstatement of the financial statements, whether due to error or fraud, and performing procedures that respond to those risks. Such procedures included examining, on a test basis, evidence supporting the amounts and disclosures in the financial statements. Our audits also included evaluating the accounting principles used and significant estimates made by management, as well as evaluating the overall presentation of the financial statements. We believe that our audits provide a reasonable basis for our opinion.

Critical audit matters
The critical audit matters communicated below are matters arising from the current period audit of the financial statements that were communicated or required to be communicated to the audit committee and that: (1) relate to accounts or disclosures that are material to the financial statements and (2) involved especially challenging, subjective, or complex judgments. The communication of critical audit matters does not alter in any way our opinion on the financial statements, taken as a whole, and we are not, by communicating the critical audit matters below, providing separate opinions on the critical audit matters or on the accounts or disclosures to which they relate.

Accounting for Acquisitions
The Company's strategy includes growth by acquisition. As described in footnote 3, during 2019, the Company completed forty-four community acquisitions for total consideration of $854 million. The principal considerations for our determination that the accounting for acquisitions is a critical audit matter is that it involves a high degree of subjectivity in evaluating the reasonableness of management's estimates and related assumptions related to the accounting for the recognition of the fair value of assets acquired and liabilities assumed. We performed the following procedures, among others, in connection with forming our overall opinion on the financial statements. We tested management’s controls over the accounting for acquisitions, such as controls over the recognition and measurement of assets acquired, liabilities assumed, and consideration paid. For each of the acquisitions, we read the purchase agreements, evaluated the significant assumptions and methods used in developing the fair value estimates and tested the recognition of the assets acquired and liabilities assumed at fair value.

More specifically, for each acquisition, we assessed, through the use of our internal valuation specialist, whether (1) the values assigned to the tangible assets appeared reasonable based on a cost or market approach for similar properties in each geographic area, (2) intangible assets were properly considered and identified, and (3) the significant assumptions used in valuing the assets and liabilities were reasonable
SUN COMMUNITIES, INC.

and (4) if applicable, the value assigned to and accounting for, equity interests in the Company or its subsidiaries that was issued as consideration in the transaction.

As described in footnote 10, the purchase consideration for the acquisition of Country Village Estate also reflected, in part, the estimated fair value of preferred equity interests. In testing the valuation of the equity interests, we considered management’s estimated amount that would be paid upon the ultimate redemption of the securities and the discount rate. We also evaluated management's classification of the equity consideration as either debt, temporary equity or equity on the consolidated balance sheet based on the characteristics of the equity instrument.

Impairment of Investment Properties
As described in footnote 1, the Company reviews the carrying value of investment properties on a quarterly basis or whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate a possible impairment. Events or circumstances that may prompt a review of the carrying value of investment properties may include a significant decrease in the anticipated market price of the investment property, an adverse change to the extent or manner in which an asset may be used, or a significant change in its physical condition or damage due to catastrophic event.

The Company reviews its investment properties for potential impairment through an analysis of net operating income trends period over period. In the event that any impairment indicators are present, the Company undertakes additional analyses utilizing expected undiscounted future cash flows and expected disposition proceeds for a given asset. Forecasting of cash flows requires management to make estimates and assumptions about such variables as the anticipated holding period, rental revenues and operating expenses during the holding period, capital expenditures and rates of return.

In 2019, the Company’s net operating income trend analysis resulted in 10 properties requiring additional analysis. No impairments were identified as a result of the quarterly analysis nor events occurring in 2019.

The principal consideration for our determination that the impairment of investment properties is a critical audit matter is that it involves a high degree of subjectivity in evaluating management's estimates used in determining the undiscounted cash flow estimates. We performed the following procedures, among others, in connection with forming our overall opinion on the financial statements. We tested management’s internal controls over the identification of potential investment property impairments, such as controls over the Company’s quarterly analysis of net operating income trends, as well management review controls to identify potential events which could indicate impairment We examine and evaluate the Company’s net operating income trend analysis and its assessment of other events, and if additional analysis is necessary, we evaluated the significant assumptions and methods used in developing the undiscounted cash flow estimates.

More specifically, when the net operating income analysis indicated that additional analysis was required, we assessed whether the significant assumptions, including estimated holding period, rental revenues and operating expenses during the holding period, capital expenditures and rates of return used in determining the future undiscounted cash flows were reasonable.

/s/ GRANT THORNTON LLP

We have served as the Company’s auditor since 2003.

Southfield, Michigan
February 21, 2019

20, 2020
SUN COMMUNITIES, INC.



REPORT OF INDEPENDENT REGISTERED PUBLIC ACCOUNTING FIRM

Board of Directors and Stockholders
Sun Communities, Inc.

Opinion on internal control over financial reporting
We have audited the internal control over financial reporting of Sun Communities, Inc. (a Maryland corporation) and subsidiaries (the “Company”) as of December 31, 2018,2019, based on criteria established in the 2013 Internal Control-Integrated Framework issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission (“COSO”). In our opinion, the Company maintained, in all material respects, effective internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2018,2019, based on criteria established in the 2013 Internal Control-Integrated Framework issued by COSO.
We also have audited, in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States) (“PCAOB”), the consolidated financial statements of the Company as of and for the year ended December 31, 2018,2019, and our report dated February 21, 201920, 2020 expressed an unqualified opinion on those financial statements.

Basis for opinion
The Company’s management is responsible for maintaining effective internal control over financial reporting and for its assessment of the effectiveness of internal control over financial reporting, included in the accompanying Management’s Report on Internal Control over Financial Reporting. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on the Company’s internal control over financial reporting based on our audit.
We are a public accounting firm registered with the PCAOB and are required to be independent with respect to the Company in accordance with the U.S. federal securities laws and the applicable rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission and the PCAOB.
We conducted our audit in accordance with the standards of the PCAOB. Those standards require that we plan and perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether effective internal control over financial reporting was maintained in all material respects. Our audit included obtaining an understanding of internal control over financial reporting, assessing the risk that a material weakness exists, testing and evaluating the design and operating effectiveness of internal control based on the assessed risk, and performing such other procedures as we considered necessary in the circumstances. We believe that our audit provides a reasonable basis for our opinion.

Definition and limitations of internal control over financial reporting
A company’s internal control over financial reporting is a process designed to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles. A company’s internal control over financial reporting includes those policies and procedures that (1) pertain to the maintenance of records that, in reasonable detail, accurately and fairly reflect the transactions and dispositions of the assets of the company; (2) provide reasonable assurance that transactions are recorded as necessary to permit preparation of financial statements in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles, and that receipts and expenditures of the company are being made only in accordance with authorizations of management and directors of the company; and (3) provide reasonable assurance regarding prevention or timely detection of unauthorized acquisition, use, or disposition of the company’s assets that could have a material effect on the financial statements.
Because of its inherent limitations, internal control over financial reporting may not prevent or detect misstatements. Also, projections of any evaluation of effectiveness to future periods are subject to the risk that controls may become inadequate because of changes in conditions, or that the degree of compliance with the policies or procedures may deteriorate.

/s/ GRANT THORNTON LLP

Southfield, Michigan
February 21, 201920, 2020



SUN COMMUNITIES, INC.
CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS
(In thousands, except per share amounts)
As of December 31,As of
2018 2017December 31, 2019 December 31, 2018
ASSETS   
Assets   
Land$1,201,945
 $1,107,838
$1,414,279
 $1,201,945
Land improvements and buildings5,586,250
 5,102,014
6,595,272
 5,586,250
Rental homes and improvements571,661
 528,074
627,175
 571,661
Furniture, fixtures and equipment201,090
 144,953
282,874
 201,090
Investment property7,560,946
 6,882,879
8,919,600
 7,560,946
Accumulated depreciation(1,442,630) (1,237,525)(1,686,980) (1,442,630)
Investment property, net (including $308,171 and $50,193 for consolidated variable interest entities at December 31, 2018 and December 31, 2017; see Note 8)6,118,316
 5,645,354
Cash and cash equivalents50,311
 10,127
Investment property, net (including $344,300 and $308,171 for consolidated VIEs at December 31, 2019 and December 31, 2018; see Note 8)7,232,620
 6,118,316
Cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash34,830
 62,262
Marketable securities94,727
 49,037
Inventory of manufactured homes49,199
 30,430
62,061
 49,199
Notes and other receivables, net160,077
 163,496
157,926
 160,077
Collateralized receivables, net106,924
 128,246

 106,924
Other assets, net (including $19,809 and $1,659 for consolidated variable interest entities at December 31, 2018 and December 31, 2017; see Note 8)225,199
 134,304
TOTAL ASSETS$6,710,026
 $6,111,957
LIABILITIES
 
Mortgage loans payable (including $44,172 and $41,970 for consolidated variable interest entities at December 31, 2018 and December 31, 2017; see Note 8)$2,815,957
 $2,867,356
Other assets, net (including $23,894 and $19,809 for consolidated VIEs at December 31, 2019 and December 31, 2018; see Note 8)219,896
 164,211
Total Assets$7,802,060
 $6,710,026
Liabilities   
Mortgage loans payable (including $46,993 and $44,172 for consolidated VIEs at December 31, 2019 and December 31, 2018; see Note 8)$3,180,592
 $2,815,957
Secured borrowings on collateralized receivables107,731
 129,182

 107,731
Preferred Equity - Sun NG RV Resorts LLC - mandatorily redeemable (fully attributable to consolidated variable interest entities at December 31, 2018; See Note 8)35,277
 
Preferred Equity - Sun NG RV Resorts LLC - mandatorily redeemable (fully attributable to consolidated VIEs; see Note 8)35,249
 35,277
Preferred OP units - mandatorily redeemable37,338
 41,443
34,663
 37,338
Lines of credit128,000
 41,257
183,898
 128,000
Distributions payable63,249
 55,225
71,704
 63,249
Advanced reservation deposits and rent133,698
 132,205
133,420
 133,698
Other liabilities (including $6,914 and $1,468 for consolidated variable interest entities at December 31, 2018 and December 31, 2017; see Note 8)157,862
 138,536
TOTAL LIABILITIES3,479,112
 3,405,204
Accrued expenses and accounts payable127,289
 106,281
Other liabilities (including $13,631 and $6,914 for consolidated VIEs at December 31, 2019 and December 31, 2018; see Note 8)81,289
 51,581
Total Liabilities3,848,104
 3,479,112
Commitments and contingencies (see Note 18)

 

   
Series A-4 preferred stock, $0.01 par value. Issued and outstanding: 1,063 shares at December 31, 2018 and 1,085 shares at December 31, 201731,739
 32,414
Series A-4 preferred stock, $0.01 par value. Issued and outstanding:1,063 December 31, 2018
 31,739
Series A-4 preferred OP units9,877
 10,652

 9,877
Equity Interests - NG Sun LLC (fully attributable to consolidated variable interest entities at December 31, 2018; See Note 8)21,976
 
STOCKHOLDERS' EQUITY   
Common stock, $0.01 par value. Authorized: 180,000 shares; Issued and outstanding: 86,357 shares at December 31, 2018 and 79,679 shares at December 31, 2017864
 797
Series D preferred OP units50,913
 
Equity interests - NG Sun LLC and NG Whitewater (fully attributable to consolidated VIEs; see Note 8)27,091
 21,976
Stockholders' Equity   
Common stock, $0.01 par value. Authorized: 180,000 shares; Issued and outstanding: 93,180 December 31, 2019 and 86,357 December 31, 2018932
 864
Additional paid-in capital4,398,949
 3,758,533
5,213,264
 4,398,949
Accumulated other comprehensive (loss) income(4,504) 1,102
Accumulated other comprehensive loss(1,331) (4,504)
Distributions in excess of accumulated earnings(1,288,486) (1,162,001)(1,393,141) (1,288,486)
Total Sun Communities, Inc. stockholders' equity3,106,823
 2,598,431
3,819,724
 3,106,823
Noncontrolling interests      
Common and preferred OP units53,354
 60,971
47,686
 53,354
Consolidated variable interest entities7,145
 4,285
8,542
 7,145
Total noncontrolling interests60,499
 65,256
56,228
 60,499
TOTAL STOCKHOLDERS' EQUITY3,167,322
 2,663,687
TOTAL LIABILITIES AND STOCKHOLDERS' EQUITY$6,710,026
 $6,111,957
Total Stockholders' Equity3,875,952
 3,167,322
Total Liabilities, Temporary Equity and Stockholders' Equity$7,802,060
 $6,710,026

See accompanying Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements.

SUN COMMUNITIES, INC.
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS
(In thousands, except per share amounts)

  Year Ended December 31,
  2018 2017 2016
REVENUES      
Income from real property $825,973
 $742,228
 $620,917
Revenue from home sales 166,031
 127,408
 110,507
Rental home revenue 53,657
 50,549
 47,780
Ancillary revenue 54,107
 37,511
 33,424
Interest 20,853
 21,180
 18,113
Brokerage commissions and other revenues, net 6,204
 3,694
 3,037
Total Revenues 1,126,825
 982,570
 833,778
COSTS AND EXPENSES      
Property operating and maintenance 236,097
 210,278
 173,274
Real estate taxes 56,555
 52,288
 44,306
Cost of home sales 123,333
 95,114
 80,420
Rental home operating and maintenance 23,099
 22,114
 24,361
Ancillary expenses 37,623
 27,436
 23,783
Home selling expenses 15,722
 12,457
 9,744
General and administrative 81,438
 74,232
 63,662
Transaction costs 472
 9,801
 31,914
Catastrophic weather related charges, net 92
 8,352
 1,172
Depreciation and amortization 287,262
 261,536
 221,770
Loss on extinguishment of debt 2,657
 6,019
 1,127
Interest 129,089
 127,128
 119,163
Interest on mandatorily redeemable preferred OP units / equity 3,694
 3,114
 3,152
Total Expenses 997,133
 909,869
 797,848
Income Before Other Items 129,692
 72,701
 35,930
Remeasurement of marketable securities (3,639) 
 
Other (expense) / income, net (6,453) 8,982
 (4,676)
Income from nonconsolidated affiliates 646
 
 500
Current tax expense (595) (446) (683)
Deferred tax benefit 507
 582
 400
Net Income 120,158

81,819

31,471
Less: Preferred return to preferred OP units / equity (4,486) (4,581) (5,006)
Less: Amounts attributable to noncontrolling interests (8,443) (5,055) (150)
Net Income Attributable to Sun Communities, Inc. 107,229
 72,183
 26,315
Less: Preferred stock distribution (1,736) (7,162) (8,946)
Net Income Attributable to Sun Communities, Inc. Common Stockholders $105,493
 $65,021
 $17,369
       
Weighted average common shares outstanding:      
Basic 81,387
 76,084
 65,856
Diluted 82,040
 76,711
 66,321
Earnings per share (Refer to Note 14):      
Basic $1.29
 $0.85
 $0.27
Diluted $1.29
 $0.85
 $0.26

  Year Ended
  December 31, 2019 December 31, 2018 December 31, 2017
Revenues      
Income from real property $925,664
 $825,973
 $742,228
Revenue from home sales 181,936
 166,031
 127,408
Rental home revenue 57,572
 53,657
 50,549
Ancillary revenue 66,881
 54,107
 37,511
Interest income 17,857
 20,852
 21,179
Brokerage commissions and other revenues, net 14,127
 6,205
 3,695
Total Revenues 1,264,037
 1,126,825
 982,570
Expenses      
Property operating and maintenance 266,378
 236,097
 210,278
Real estate taxes 61,880
 56,555
 52,288
Cost of home sales 134,357
 123,333
 95,114
Rental home operating and maintenance 21,995
 23,304
 22,160
Ancillary expenses 47,432
 38,043
 27,450
Home selling expenses 14,690
 15,722
 12,457
General and administrative expenses 93,964
 81,429
 83,973
Catastrophic weather related charges, net 1,737
 92
 8,352
Depreciation and amortization 328,067
 287,262
 261,536
Loss on extinguishment of debt 16,505
 1,190
 4,676
Interest expense 133,153
 130,556
 128,471
Interest on mandatorily redeemable preferred OP units / equity 4,698
 3,694
 3,114
Total Expenses 1,124,856
 997,277
 909,869
Income Before Other Items 139,181
 129,548
 72,701
Gain / (loss) on remeasurement of marketable securities 34,240
 (3,639) 
Other income / (expense), net 3,457
 (6,453) 8,982
Income from nonconsolidated affiliates 1,374
 790
 
Current tax expense (1,095) (595) (446)
Deferred tax benefit 222
 507
 582
Net Income 177,379
 120,158
 81,819
Less: Preferred return to preferred OP units / equity (6,058) (4,486) (4,581)
Less: Amounts attributable to noncontrolling interests (9,768) (8,443) (5,055)
Net Income attributable to Sun Communities, Inc. 161,553
 107,229
 72,183
Less: Preferred stock distribution (1,288) (1,736) (7,162)
Net Income attributable to Sun Communities, Inc. common stockholders $160,265
 $105,493
 $65,021
       
Weighted average common shares outstanding - basic 88,460
 81,387
 76,084
Weighted average common shares outstanding - diluted 88,915
 82,040
 76,711
       
Basic earnings per share (see Note 14) $1.80
 $1.29
 $0.85
Diluted earnings per share (see Note 14) $1.80
 $1.29
 $0.85

See accompanying Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements.

SUN COMMUNITIES, INC.
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF COMPREHENSIVE INCOME
(In thousands)


 Year Ended December 31,
 2018 2017 2016
Net Income$120,158
 $81,819
 $31,471
Foreign currency translation (loss) / gain(5,878) 4,527
 (3,401)
Total Comprehensive Income114,280
 86,346
 28,070
Less: Comprehensive income / (loss) attributable to noncontrolling interests8,171
 5,299
 (70)
Comprehensive Income Attributable to Sun Communities, Inc.$106,109
 $81,047
 $28,140
 Year Ended
 December 31, 2019 December 31, 2018 December 31, 2017
Net Income$177,379
 $120,158
 $81,819
Foreign currency translation gain / (loss) adjustment3,328
 (5,878) 4,527
Total Comprehensive Income180,707
 114,280
 86,346
Less: Comprehensive Income attributable to noncontrolling interests(9,923) (8,171) (5,299)
Comprehensive Income attributable to Sun Communities, Inc.$170,784
 $106,109
 $81,047

See accompanying Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements.


SUN COMMUNITIES, INC.
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS
(In thousands)
 Year Ended
 December 31, 2019 December 31, 2018 December 31, 2017
Operating Activities     
Net income$177,379
 $120,158
 $81,819
Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash provided by operating activities:     
Gain on disposition of assets(11,085) (9,376) (9,338)
Unrealized foreign currency translation (gain) / loss(4,557) 8,234
 (6,146)
Remeasurement of marketable securities(34,240) 3,639
 
Contingent liability remeasurement (gain) / loss1,503
 (2,336) (3,035)
Asset impairment charges
 
 742
Share-based compensation17,482
 15,066
 12,695
Depreciation and amortization313,966
 274,432
 256,193
Deferred tax benefit(222) (507) (582)
Amortization of below market lease(7,442) (7,399) (7,402)
Amortization of debt premium(4,962) (6,353) (8,205)
Amortization of deferred financing costs2,988
 3,233
 2,910
Amortization of ground lease intangibles752
 1,638
 1,914
Loss on extinguishment of debt16,505
 1,190
 4,676
Income from nonconsolidated affiliates(1,374) (790) 
Distributions from nonconsolidated affiliates3,049
 
 
Change in notes receivable from financed sales of inventory homes, net of repayments2,988
 (2,299) (26,193)
Change in inventory, other assets and other receivables, net(44,322) (39,514) (33,031)
Change in other liabilities48,326
 4,098
 (9,034)
Net Cash Provided By Operating Activities476,734
 363,114
 257,983
Investing Activities     
Investment in properties(569,261) (389,399) (288,537)
Acquisitions of properties, net of cash acquired(472,681) (320,268) (120,377)
Proceeds from dispositions of assets and depreciated homes, net61,337
 55,855
 8,575
Issuance of notes and other receivables(18,122) (216) (3,918)
Repayments of notes and other receivables4,542
 4,312
 2,615
Investments in nonconsolidated affiliates(60,742) (84,997) 
Distributions from nonconsolidated affiliates44,470
 970
 
Net Cash Used For Investing Activities(1,010,457) (733,743) (401,642)
Financing Activities     
Issuance of common stock, OP units, and preferred OP units, net440,782
 623,540
 487,677
Redemption of Series B-3 preferred OP units(2,675) (4,105) (4,460)
Borrowings on lines of credit3,881,543
 1,542,677
 661,000
Payments on lines of credit(3,883,950) (1,456,486) (719,536)
Proceeds from issuance of other debt923,721
 250,000
 185,153
Payments on other debt(552,868) (298,754) (124,427)
Prepayment penalty on debt(18,838) (2,024) (6,019)
Redemption of Series A-4 cumulative convertible preferred stock
 
 (85,000)
Proceeds received from return of prepaid deferred financing costs1,618
 
 
Redemption of Series A-4 preferred stock and OP units
 
 (24,698)
Distributions to stockholders, OP unit holders, and preferred OP unit holders(276,697) (242,813) (224,483)
Payments for deferred financing costs(6,756) (2,130) (3,650)
Net Cash Provided By Financing Activities505,880
 409,905
 141,557
Effect of exchange rate changes on cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash411
 (523) 298
Net change in cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash(27,432) 38,753
 (1,804)
Cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash, beginning of period62,262
 23,509
 25,313
Cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash, end of period$34,830
 $62,262
 $23,509

 Year Ended
 December 31, 2019 December 31, 2018 December 31, 2017
Supplemental Information     
Cash paid for interest (net of capitalized interest of $7,943, $4,328 and $2,755 respectively)$134,990
 $126,153
 $124,046
Cash paid for interest on mandatorily redeemable debt$4,698
 $2,551
 $3,114
Cash paid (refunds) for income taxes$948
 $461
 $(194)
Noncash investing and financing activities     
Reduction in secured borrowing balance$107,731
 $21,451
 $23,449
Change in distributions declared and outstanding$8,452
 $7,889
 $3,267
Conversion of common and preferred OP units$11,310
 $1,515
 $3,556
Conversion of Series A-4 preferred stock$31,739
 $675
 $4,720
Capital lease$
 $
 $4,114
Noncash investing and financing activities at the date of acquisition     
Acquisitions - Common stock and OP units issued$313,391
 $
 $28,410
Acquisitions - Equity Interests - NG Sun LLC (see Note 8)$
 $21,976
 $
Acquisitions - Preferred Equity - Sun NG RV Resorts LLC (see Note 8)$
 $35,277
 $
Acquisitions - Debt$61,900
 $3,120
 $4,592
Acquisitions - Series D preferred interest$51,930
 $
 $
Acquisitions - Escrow$392
 $
 $

See accompanying Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements.


SUN COMMUNITIES, INC.
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY
(In thousands)
  Stockholders’ Equity  Stockholders’ Equity  
Temporary Equity 7.125% Series A Cumulative Redeemable Preferred Stock Common Stock Additional Paid-In Capital Distributions in Excess of Accumulated Earnings Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income / (Loss) Non-controlling Interests Total Stockholders’ EquityTemporary Equity 7.125% Series A Cumulative Redeemable Preferred Stock Common Stock Additional Paid-in Capital Distributions in Excess of Accumulated Earnings Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income / (Loss) Non-controlling Interests Total Stockholders’ Equity Total Equity
Balance at December 31, 2015$82,797
 $34
 $584
 $2,319,314
 $(864,122) $
 $80,771
 $1,536,581
Issuance of common stock from exercise of options, net
 
 
 149
 
 
 
 149
Issuance, conversion of OP units and associated costs of common stock, net(3,248) 
 144
 981,174
 
 
 (2,687) 978,631
Conversion of Series A-4 preferred stock(11,503) 
 
 11,503
 
 
 
 11,503
Share-based compensation - amortization and forfeitures
 
 4
 9,301
 252
 
 
 9,557
Foreign currency translation loss
 
 
 
 
 (3,181) (220) (3,401)
Net income90
 
 
 
 31,321
 
 60
 31,381
Distributions(1,192) 
 
 
 (190,866) 
 (11,308) (202,174)
Balance at December 31, 2016$66,944
 $34
 $732
 $3,321,441
 $(1,023,415) $(3,181) $66,616
 $2,362,227
$66,944
 $34
 $732
 $3,321,441
 $(1,023,415) $(3,181) $66,616
 $2,362,227
 $2,429,171
Issuance of common stock and common OP units, net
 
 63
 514,024
 
 
 2,001
 516,088

 
 63
 514,024
 
 
 2,001
 516,088
 516,088
Conversion of OP units(259) 
 1
 3,556
 
 
 (3,298) 259
(259) 
 1
 3,556
 
 
 (3,298) 259
 
Redemption of Series A-4 preferred stock(13,093) 
 
 (3,867) 
 
 
 (3,867)
Conversion of Series A-4 preferred stock(4,720) 
 1
 4,719
 
 
 
 4,720
Redemption of series A-4 preferred stock(13,093) 
 
 (3,867) 
 
 
 (3,867) (16,960)
Conversion of series A-4 preferred stock(4,720) 
 1
 4,719
 
 
 
 4,720
 
Redemption of Series A-4 preferred OP units(5,166) 
 
 (2,571) 
 
 
 (2,571)(5,166) 
 
 (2,571) 
 
 
 (2,571) (7,737)
Redemption of Series A Cumulative Convertible Preferred Stock
 (34) 
 (84,966) 
 
 
 (85,000)
Redemption of Series A cumulative convertible preferred stock
 (34) 
 (84,966) 
 
 
 (85,000) (85,000)
Share-based compensation - amortization and forfeitures
 
 
 12,398
 297
 
 
 12,695

 
 
 12,398
 297
 
 
 12,695
 12,695
Acquisition of noncontrolling interests
 
 
 (6,201) 
 
 6,101
 (100)
Acquisition of noncontrolling interest
 
 
 (6,201) 
 
 6,101
 (100) (100)
Foreign currency translation gain
 
 
 
 
 4,283
 244
 4,527

 
 
 
 
 4,283
 244
 4,527
 4,527
Net income205
 
 
 
 76,765
 
 4,849
 81,614
205
 
 
 
 76,765
 
 4,849
 81,614
 81,819
Distributions(845) 
 
 
 (215,648) 
 (11,257) (226,905)(845) 
 
 
 (215,648) 
 (11,257) (226,905) (227,750)
Balance at December 31, 2017$43,066
 $
 $797
 $3,758,533
 $(1,162,001) $1,102
 $65,256
 $2,663,687
$43,066
 $
 $797
 $3,758,533
 $(1,162,001) $1,102
 $65,256
 $2,663,687
 $2,706,753
Issuance of common stock and common OP units, net
 
 66
 623,474
 
 
 
 623,540

 
 66
 623,474
 
 
 
 623,540
 623,540
Conversion of OP units(342) 
 1
 1,514
 
 
 (1,173) 342
(342) 
 1
 1,514
 
 
 (1,173) 342
 
Conversion of Series A-4 preferred stock(675) 
 
 675
 
 
 
 675
(675) 
 
 675
 
 
 
 675
 
Equity Interests - NG Sun LLC21,976
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 21,976
Share-based compensation - amortization and forfeitures
 
 
 14,753
 313
 
 
 15,066

 
 
 14,753
 313
 
 
 15,066
 15,066
Equity Interest - NG Sun LLC21,976
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Foreign currency translation
 
 
 
 
 (5,606) (272) (5,878)
 
 
 
 
 (5,606) (272) (5,878) (5,878)
Net income241
 
 
 
 111,715
 
 8,202
 119,917
241
 
 
 
 111,715
 
 8,202
 119,917
 120,158
Distributions(674) 
 
 
 (238,513) 
 (11,514) (250,027)(674) 
 
 
 (238,513) 
 (11,514) (250,027) (250,701)
Balance at December 31, 2018$63,592
 $
 $864
 $4,398,949
 $(1,288,486) $(4,504) $60,499
 $3,167,322
$63,592
 $
 $864
 $4,398,949
 $(1,288,486) $(4,504) $60,499
 $3,167,322
 $3,230,914
Issuance of common stock and common OP units, net
 
 58
 754,116
 
 
 
 754,174
 754,174
Conversion of OP units(9,652) 
 5
 11,305
 
 
 (1,658) 9,652
 
Conversion of Series A-4 preferred stock(31,739) 
 5
 31,734
 
 
 
 31,739
 
Equity Interests - NG Sun LLC & Whitewater4,451
 
 
 
 (553) 
 
 (553) 3,898
Share-based compensation - amortization and forfeitures
 
 
 17,160
 322
 
 
 17,482
 17,482
Issuance of Series preferred D OP units51,930
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 51,930
Foreign currency translation
 
 
 ���
 
 3,173
 155
 3,328
 3,328
Net income1,599
 
 
 
 167,611
 
 8,169
 175,780
 177,379
Distributions(2,177) 
 
 
 (272,035) 
 (10,937) (282,972) (285,149)
Balance at December 31, 2019$78,004
 $
 $932
 $5,213,264
 $(1,393,141) $(1,331) $56,228
 $3,875,952
 $3,953,956

See accompanying Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements.

SUN COMMUNITIES, INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS
(In thousands)
 Year Ended December 31,
 2018 2017 2016
OPERATING ACTIVITIES:     
Net income$120,158
 $81,819
 $31,471
Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash provided by operating activities:     
Gain on disposition of assets(9,376) (9,338) (11,224)
Gain on acquisition of property
 
 (510)
Unrealized foreign currency translation loss / (gain)8,234
 (6,146) 5,005
Remeasurement of marketable securities3,639
 
 
Contingent liability remeasurement (gain) / loss(2,336) (3,035) 181
Asset impairment charges
 742
 
Share-based compensation15,066
 12,695
 9,557
Depreciation and amortization274,432
 256,193
 218,669
Deferred tax benefit(507) (582) (400)
Amortization of below market lease(7,399) (7,402) (6,570)
Amortization of debt premium(7,821) (9,548) (10,693)
Amortization of deferred financing costs3,867
 2,910
 2,160
Amortization of ground lease intangibles1,638
 1,914
 600
Loss on extinguishment of debt2,024
 6,019
 1,127
Income from nonconsolidated affiliates
 
 (500)
Change in notes receivable from financed sales of inventory homes, net of repayments(2,299) (26,193) (20,933)
Change in inventory, other assets and other receivables, net(40,304) (33,031) 30,880
Change in other liabilities4,098
 (9,034) (7,365)
NET CASH PROVIDED BY OPERATING ACTIVITIES363,114
 257,983
 241,455
INVESTING ACTIVITIES:     
Investment in properties(389,399) (288,537) (223,429)
Acquisitions of properties, net of cash acquired(320,268) (120,377) (1,487,593)
Proceeds from nonconsolidated affiliate transactions
 
 500
Proceeds from dispositions of assets and depreciated homes, net55,855
 8,575
 4,709
Proceeds from disposition of properties
 
 88,696
Issuance of notes and other receivables(216) (3,918) (10,633)
Repayments of notes and other receivables4,312
 2,615
 13,238
Investments in nonconsolidated affiliates(84,027) 
 
NET CASH USED FOR INVESTING ACTIVITIES(733,743) (401,642) (1,614,512)
FINANCING ACTIVITIES:     
Issuance of common stock, OP units, and preferred OP units, net623,540
 487,677
 750,534
Redemption of Series B-3 preferred OP units(4,105) (4,460) 
Borrowings on lines of credit1,542,677
 661,000
 580,754
Payments on lines of credit(1,456,486) (719,536) (505,409)
Proceeds from issuance of other debt250,000
 185,153
 964,252
Payments on other debt(298,754) (124,427) (230,785)
Prepayment penalty on debt(2,024) (6,019) (1,127)
Redemption of Series A-4 preferred stock and OP units
 (24,698) 
Redemption of Series A cumulative convertible preferred stock
 (85,000) 
Distributions to stockholders, OP unit holders, and preferred OP unit holders(242,813) (224,483) (193,740)
Payments for deferred financing costs(2,130) (3,650) (25,509)
NET CASH PROVIDED BY FINANCING ACTIVITIES409,905
 141,557
 1,338,970
Effect of exchange rate changes on cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash(523) 298
 (73)
Net change in cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash38,753
 (1,804) (34,160)
Cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash, beginning of period23,509
 25,313
 59,473
Cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash, end of period (See Note 1 and 17)$62,262
 $23,509
 $25,313

 Year Ended December 31,
 2018 2017 2016
SUPPLEMENTAL INFORMATION:     
Cash paid for interest (net of capitalized interest of $4,328, $2,755 and $1,595, respectively)$126,153
 $124,046
 $121,480
Cash paid for interest on mandatorily redeemable debt$2,551
 $3,114
 $3,152
Cash paid (refunds) for income taxes$461
 $(194) $452
Noncash investing and financing activities:     
Reduction in secured borrowing balance$21,451
 $23,449
 $19,734
Change in distributions declared and outstanding$7,889
 $3,267
 $9,626
Conversion of common and preferred OP units$1,515
 $3,556
 $5,933
Conversion of Series A-4 preferred stock$675
 $4,720
 $11,503
Capital lease$
 $4,114
 $
Noncash investing and financing activities at the date of acquisition:     
Acquisitions - Common stock and OP units issued$
 $28,410
 $225,000
Acquisitions - Equity Interests - NG Sun LLC (see Note 8)$21,976
 $
 $
Acquisitions - Preferred Equity - Sun NG RV Resorts LLC (see Note 8)$35,277
 $
 $
Acquisitions - debt assumed$3,120
 $4,592
 $
Acquisitions - contingent consideration liability$
 $
 $9,830

See accompanying Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements.


1. Significant Accounting Policies

Business

Sun Communities, Inc., a Maryland corporation, and all wholly-owned or majority-owned and controlled subsidiaries, including Sun Communities Operating Limited Partnership, a Michigan limited partnership (the “Operating Partnership”), and Sun Home Services, Inc., a Michigan corporation (“SHS”) are referred to herein as the “Company,” “us,” “we,” and “our”. We are a fully integrated, self-administered and self-managed real estate investment trust (“REIT”).

We own, operate, or have an interest in a portfolio, and develop manufactured housing (“MH”) and recreational vehicle (“RV”) communities throughout the United States (“U.S.”). As of December 31, 2018,2019, we owned, operated or had an interest in a portfolio of 371422 developed properties located in 3133 states and Ontario, Canada (collectively the “Properties”), including 230266 MH communities, 110122 RV communities, and 3134 communities containing both MH and RV sites. As of December 31, 2018,2019, the Properties contained an aggregate of 128,454141,293 developed sites comprised of 84,42893,821 developed MH sites, 24,53526,056 annual RV sites, and 19,49121,416 transient RV sites. There are approximately 11,30010,300 additional MH and RV sites suitable for development.

Principles of Consolidation

We consolidate our majority-owned subsidiaries in which we have the ability to control the operations of our subsidiaries and all variable interest entities with respect to which we are the primary beneficiary.  We also consolidate entities in which we have a direct or indirect controlling or voting interest. All significant inter-company transactions have been eliminated. Any subsidiaries in which we have an ownership percentage equal to or greater than 50%, but less than 100%, or considered a VIE, represent subsidiaries with a noncontrolling interest. The noncontrolling interests in our subsidiaries are allocated their proportionate share of the subsidiaries’ financial results. This allocation is recorded as the noncontrolling interest in our Consolidated Financial Statements.

Certain prior period amounts have been reclassified on our Consolidated Financial Statements to conform with current year presentation.

Use of Estimates

The preparation of financial statements in conformity with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles (“GAAP”) requires management to make estimates and assumptions related to the reported amounts included in our Consolidated Financial Statements and accompanying footnotes thereto. Actual results could differ from those estimates.

Investment Property

Investment property is recorded at cost, less accumulated depreciation. We review the carrying value of long-lived assets to be held and used for impairment quarterly or whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate a possible impairment. Our primary indicator for potential impairment is based on NOI trends period over period. Circumstances that may prompt a test of recoverability may include a significant decrease in the anticipated market price, an adverse change to the extent or manner in which an asset may be used or in its physical condition or other such events that may significantly change the value of the long-lived asset. An impairment loss is recognized when a long-lived asset’s carrying value is not recoverable and exceeds estimated fair value. We estimate the fair value of our long-lived assets based on discounted future cash flows and any potential disposition proceeds for a given asset. Forecasting cash flows requires management to make estimates and assumptions about such variables as the estimated holding period, rental rates, occupancy, development, and operating expenses during the holding period, as well as disposition proceeds. Management uses its best judgment when developing these estimates and assumptions, but the development of the projected future cash flows is based on subjective variables. Future events could occur which would cause us to conclude that impairment indicators exist, and significant adverse changes in national, regional, or local market conditions or trends may cause us to change the estimates and assumptions used in our impairment analysis. The results of an impairment analysis could be material to our financial statements.

We periodically receive offers from interested parties to purchase certain of our properties. These offers may be the result of an active program initiated by us to sell the property, or from an unsolicited offer to purchase the property. The typical sale process involves a significant negotiation and due diligence period between us and the potential purchaser. As the intent of this process is to determine if there are items that would cause the purchaser to be unwilling to purchase or we would be unwilling to sell, it is not unusual for such potential offers of sale/purchase to be withdrawn as such issues arise. We classify assets as “held for sale”
SUN COMMUNITIES, INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS


when it is probable, in our opinion, that a sale transaction will be completed within one year. This typically occurs when all significant contingencies surrounding the closing have been resolved, which often corresponds with the closing date.
SUN COMMUNITIES, INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS


We allocate the purchase price of properties to net tangible and identified intangible assets acquired based on their fair values. In making estimates of fair values for purposes of allocating purchase price, we utilize an independent third-party to value the net tangible and identified intangible assets in connection with the acquisition of the respective property. We provide historical and pro forma financial information obtained about each property, as well as any other information needed in order for the third-party to ascertain the fair value of the tangible and intangible assets (including in-place leases) acquired.

On January 1, 2018, we adopted Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) Accounting Standards Update (“ASU”) 2017-01, “Business Combinations (Topic 805): Clarifying the Definition of a Business.” This update clarifies the definition of a business with the objective of adding guidance to assist entities with evaluating whether transactions should be accounted for as acquisitions (or disposals) of assets or businesses. The definition of a business affects many areas of accounting including acquisitions, disposals, goodwill, and consolidation. Upon adoption of this standard, substantially all of our property acquisitions are accounted for as asset acquisitions. ReferWe allocate the purchase price of these properties on a relative fair value basis and capitalize direct acquisition related costs as part of the purchase price. Acquisition costs that do not meet the criteria to Note 17, “Recent Accounting Pronouncements,” for additional information regarding adoptionbe capitalized are expensed as incurred and presented as General and administrative costs in our Consolidated Statements of this ASU.Operations.

Capitalized Costs

We capitalize certain costs incurred in connection with the development, redevelopment, capital enhancement and leasing of our properties. Management is required to use professional judgment in determining whether such costs meet the criteria for immediate expense or capitalization. The amounts are dependent on the volume and timing of such activities and the costs associated with such activities. Maintenance, repairs and minor improvements to properties are expensed when incurred. Renovations and improvements to properties are capitalized and depreciated over their estimated useful lives and real estate project costs related to the development of new community or expansion sites are capitalized until the property is substantially complete and available for occupancy. Costs incurred to initially renovate pre-owned and repossessed homes that we acquire for our Rental Program are capitalized and the majority of costs incurred to refurbish the homes at turnover and repair the homes while occupied are expensed, unless they extend the life of the home. Certain expenditures to dealers and residents related to obtaining lessees in our communities are capitalized and amortized based on the anticipated term of occupancy of a resident. Costs associated with implementing our computer systems are capitalized and amortized over the estimated useful lives of the related software and hardware. Costs incurred to obtain new debt financing are capitalized and amortized over the terms of the related loan agreement using the straight-line method (which approximates the effective interest method).

Cash and Cash Equivalents

We consider all highly liquid investments with a maturity of three months or less from the date of purchase to be cash and cash equivalents. At December 31, 2019 and 2018, $22.1 million and $50.3 million of Cash and Cash Equivalents, respectively, was included as a component of Cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash on the Consolidated Balance Sheets. The maximum amount of credit risk arising from cash deposits in excess of federally insured amounts was approximately $49.5$22.9 million and $17.7$49.5 million as of December 31, 2019 and 2018, respectively.

Restricted Cash

Restricted cash consists of amounts primarily held in deposit for tax, insurance and 2017, respectively.repair escrows held by lenders in accordance with certain debt agreements. At December 31, 2019 and 2018, $12.7 million and $12.0 million of restricted cash, respectively, was included as a component of Cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash on the Consolidated Balance Sheets

On January 1, 2018, we adopted ASU 2016-18 “Statement of Cash Flows (Topic 230): Restricted Cash.” This update required inclusion of restricted cash and restricted cash equivalents with cash and cash equivalents when reconciling the beginning-of-period and end-of-period total amounts shown on the statement of cash flows. Upon adoption of this standard, changes in restricted cash are reported in our Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows as operating, investing or financing activities based on the nature of the underlying activity.

Marketable Securities

Marketable securities are recorded at fair value with changes in fair value recorded in Remeasurement of marketable securities within the Consolidated Statement of Operations. We hold a less than 10 percent ownership in Ingenia.Ingenia Communities Group. The value of marketable securities as of December 31, 20182019 was $49.0$94.7 million and is included within Other assets, netdisclosed on the Consolidated Balance Sheet.

Restricted Cash

Restricted cash consists of amounts held in deposit for tax, insurance and repair escrows held by lenders in accordance with certain debt agreements. At December 31, 2018 and 2017, $12.0 million and $13.4 million of restricted cash, respectively, was included as a component of Other assets, net on the Consolidated Balance Sheets.

Inventory

Inventory of manufactured homes is stated at lower of specific cost or market based on the specific identification method.
SUN COMMUNITIES, INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS


Investments in Nonconsolidated Affiliates

We apply the equity method of accounting to entities in which we do not have a direct or indirect controlling interest or for variable interest entities where we are not considered the primary beneficiary but can exercise influence over the entity with respect to its operations and major decisions. The cost method is applied when (i) the investment is minimal (typically less than 5.0%) and (ii) our investment is passive. Our exposure to losses associated with unconsolidated joint ventures is primarily limited to the
SUN COMMUNITIES, INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS


carrying value of these investments. Accordingly, distributions from a joint venture in excess of our carrying value are recognized in earnings. We review the carrying value of our investments in nonconsolidated affiliates for other than temporary impairment whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate a possible impairment. Financial condition, operational performance, and other economic trends are among the factors we consider when we evaluate the existence of impairment indicators. Refer to Note 7, “InvestmentsInvestments in Nonconsolidated Affiliates,” for additional information.

Notes and Other Receivables

Notes receivable includes both installment loans for manufactured homes purchased by the Company as well as transferred loans that have not met the requirements for sale accounting which are presented herein as collateralized receivables. The notes are collateralized by the underlying manufactured home sold. For purposes of accounting policy, all notes receivable are considered one homogeneous segment, as the notes are typically underwritten using the same requirements and terms. Notes receivable are reported at their outstanding unpaid principal balance adjusted for an allowance for loan loss. Interest income is accrued based upon the unpaid principal balance of the loans.

Past due status of our notes receivable is determined based upon the contractual terms of the note. When a note receivable becomes 60 days delinquent, we stop accruing interest on the note receivable. The interest on nonaccrual loans is accounted for on the cash basis until qualifying for return to accrual. Loans are returned to accrual when all principal and interest amounts contractually due are brought current and future payments are reasonably assured. The ability to collect our notes receivable is measured based on current and historical information and events. We consider numerous factors including: length of delinquency, estimated costs to lease or sell, and repossession history. Our experience supports a high recovery rate for notes receivable; however, there is some degree of uncertainty about the recoverability of our investment in these notes receivable. We are generally able to recover our recorded investment in uncollectible notes receivable by repossessing the homes on the notes retained by us and repurchasing the homes on the collateralized receivables, and subsequently selling or leasing these homes to potential residents in our communities. We have established a loan loss reserve based on our estimated unrecoverable costs associated with repossessed/repurchased homes. We estimate our unrecoverable costs to be the repurchase price of the home collateralizing the note receivable plus repair and remarketing costs in excess of the estimated selling price of the home being repossessed. A historical average of this excess cost is calculated based on prior repossessions/repurchases and is applied to our estimated annual future repossessions to create the allowance for both installment and collateralized notes receivable.

We evaluate the collectability of a loan based on our ability to collect the scheduled payments of principal and interest when due according to the contractual terms of the loan agreement. We generally see that if the obligor is delinquent on the loan they are also delinquent on site rent. If the scheduled payment is delinquent beyond the grace period required by law or by the loan agreement, notice is given to start the collection process. A specific allowance is estimated on the past due loans based on historical delinquency data and current delinquency levels.

Credit quality is evaluated at the inception of the receivable. Factors that are considered in order to determine the credit quality of the applicant include, but are not limited to: rental payment history; home debt to income ratio; loan value to the collateralized asset; total debt to income ratio; length of employment; previous landlord references; and FICO scores.

Other receivables are generally comprised of amounts due from residents for rent and related charges, home sale proceeds receivable from sales near year end and various other miscellaneous receivables. Accounts receivable from residents are typically due within 30 days and stated at amounts due from residents net of an allowance for doubtful accounts. Accounts outstanding longer than the contractual payment terms are considered past due. We evaluate the recoverability of our receivables whenever events occur or there are changes in circumstances such that management believes it is probable that it will be unable to collect all amounts due according to the contractual terms of the loan and lease agreements. Receivables related to community rents are reserved when we believe that collection is less than probable, which is generally after a resident balance reaches 60 to 90 days past due.

Intangible Assets

The Company amortizes identified intangible assets that are determined to have finite lives over the period the assets are expected to contribute directly or indirectly to the future cash flows of the property or business. The carrying amounts of the identified intangible assets are included in Other assets, net on our Consolidated Balance Sheets. Refer to Note 6, “IntangibleIntangible Assets,” for additional information.
SUN COMMUNITIES, INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS



Deferred Taxes

We are subject to certain state taxes that are considered to be income taxes and have certain subsidiaries that are taxed as regular corporations for U.S. (i.e., federal, state, local, etc.) and non-U.S. income tax purposes. Deferred tax assets or liabilities are recognized for temporary differences between the tax basis of assets and liabilities and their carrying amounts in the financial statements and net operating loss carryforwards in certain subsidiaries, including those domiciled in foreign jurisdictions, which may be realized in future periods if the respective subsidiary generates sufficient taxable income. Deferred tax assets and liabilities are measured using currently enacted tax rates. A valuation allowance is established if, based on the available evidence, it is considered more likely than not that some portion or all of the deferred tax assets will not be realized. Refer to Note 13, “IncomeIncome Taxes,” for additional information.

Deferred Financing Costs

Deferred financing costs include fees and costs incurred to obtain long-term financing. The costs are amortized over the terms of the respective loans. Unamortized deferred financing costs are written off when debt is retired before the maturity date. Upon amendment of the line of credit or refinancing of mortgage debt, unamortized deferred financing costs and discount and premium costs are accounted for in accordance with FASB Accounting Standards Codification (“ASC”) 470-50-40, “Modifications and Extinguishments.” At December 31, 2019 and 2018, $4.5 million and $4.7 million of line of credit deferred financing costs, respectively, were presented as a component of Other asset, net on the Consolidated Balance Sheets. At December 31, 2019 and 2018, $7.9 million and $2.4 million of deferred financing costs and discount and premium costs, respectively, were netted and presented as a component of Mortgage loans payable on the Consolidated Balance Sheets.

Temporary Equity

Temporary equity includes preferred securities that are redeemable for cash at the option of the holder or upon the occurrence of an event that is not solely within our control based on a fixed or determinable price. These preferred securities are not mandatorily redeemable for cash nor do they contain a fixed maturity date. Temporary equity is classified between Liabilities and Stockholders’ Equity on the Consolidated Balance Sheets.

Share-Based Compensation

Share-based compensation cost for service vesting restricted stock awards is measured based on the closing share price of our common stock on the date of grant. We measure the fair value of awards with performance conditions based on an estimate of shares expected to vest using the closing price of our common stock as of the grant date. If it is not probable that the performance conditions will be satisfied, we do not recognize compensation expense. We estimate the fair value of share-based compensation for restricted stock with market conditions using a Monte Carlo simulation. We recognize compensation cost ratably over each tranche of shares based on the fair value estimated by the model.

Share-based compensation cost for stock options is estimated at the grant date based on each option’s fair-value as calculated by the Binomial (lattice) option-pricing model. The Binomial (lattice) option-pricing model incorporates various assumptions including expected volatility, expected life, dividend yield, and interest rates. Refer to Note 11, “Share-Based Compensation”Share-Based Compensation for additional information.

Fair Value of Financial Instruments

Our financial instruments consist of cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash, accounts and notes receivable, marketable securities, accounts payable, debt, and contingent consideration liability. We utilize fair value measurements to record fair value adjustments to certain assets and liabilities and to determine fair value disclosures, pursuant to FASB ASC 820, “Fair Value Measurements and Disclosures.” Refer to Note 16, “FairFair Value of Financial Instruments,” for additional information regarding the estimates and assumptions used to estimate the fair value of each financial instrument class.

SUN COMMUNITIES, INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS


Revenue Recognition

Rental income attributable to site and home leases is recorded on a straight-line basis when earned from tenants. The majority of our leases entered into by tenants are generally for one year terms, but may range from month-to-month to two years and are renewable by mutual agreement from us and the resident, or in some cases, as provided by state statute. A small portion of tenant leases are for greater than two years. Revenue from the sale of manufactured homes is recognized upon transfer of title at the closing of the sales transaction. Interest income on notes receivable is recorded on a level yield basis over the life of the notes. We report real estate taxes collected from residents and remitted to taxing authorities in revenue. On January 1, 2018, we adopted ASU 2014-09 “Revenue from Contracts with Customers (Topic 606)” and the related updates subsequently issued by the FASB. The adoption of ASU 2014-09 did not result in any changes to our accounting policies for revenue recognition. Refer to Note 2, “Revenue Recognition,Revenue,” for additional information.

Advertising Costs

Advertising costs are expensed as incurred. As of December 31, 2019, 2018 2017 and 2016,2017, we had advertising costs of $6.7 million, $6.2 million and $5.9 million, and $4.2 million, respectively.

SUN COMMUNITIES, INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS


Depreciation and Amortization

Depreciation and amortization are computed on a straight-line basis over the estimated useful lives of the assets. Useful lives are thirty years for land improvements and buildings, ten years for rental homes, seven years for furniture, fixtures and equipment, four years for computer hardware and software, and twoseven years to seventy-fivetwenty years for intangible assets.

Foreign Currency

The assets and liabilities of our Australian and Canadian operations, where the functional currency is the Australian dollar and Canadian dollar, are translated into U.S. dollars using the exchange rate in effect as of the balance sheet date. Income statement amounts are translated at the average exchange rate prevailing during the period. The resulting translation adjustments are recorded as a component of accumulated other comprehensive income (loss). Foreign currency exchange gains and losses arising from fluctuations in currency exchange rates on transactions and the effects of remeasurement of monetary balances denominated in currencies other than the functional currency are recorded in earnings.

For the year ended December 31, 2018,2019, we recorded a foreign currency translation lossgain of $8.4$4.5 million within Other income / (expense), net on our Consolidated Statements of Operations, as compared to a foreign currency translation gainloss of $5.9$8.4 million, for the year ended December 31, 20172018 and $5.0$5.9 million foreign currency translation lossgain for the year ended December 31, 2016.2017.

Accounting for leases

We determine if an arrangement is a lease at inception. Our operating lease agreements are primarily for executive office spaces, ground leases at certain communities, and certain equipment leases. The ROU asset and liabilities are included within Other assets, net and Other liabilities on the Consolidated Balance Sheets.

For operating leases with a term greater than one year, the company recognizes the ROU assets and liabilities related to the lease payments on the Consolidated Balance Sheets. The lease liabilities are initially and subsequently measured at the present value of the unpaid lease payments at the lease commencement date. The ROU assets represent our right to use the underlying assets for the term of the lease and the lease liabilities represent our obligation to make lease payments arising for the agreements. The ROU asset is initially measured at cost, which comprises the initial amount of the lease liability adjusted for lease payments made at or before the lease commencement date, plus any initial direct costs incurred less any lease incentives received. The ROU asset is subsequently measured throughout the lease term at the carrying amount of the lease liability, plus unamortized initial direct costs, plus (minus) any prepaid (accrued) lease payments, less the unamortized balance of lease incentives received. Lease expense for lease payments is recognized on a straight-line basis over the lease term. The ROU asset is periodically reduced by impairment losses. As of December 31, 2019, we have not encountered any impairment losses. Variable lease payments, except for the ones that depend on index or rate, are excluded from the calculation of the ROU assets and lease liabilities and are recognized as variable lease expense in the Consolidated Statements of Operations in the period in which they are incurred. As most of our leases do not provide an implicit rate, we use our incremental borrowing rate based on the information available at commencement date in determining the present value of lease payments. Many of our lessee agreements include options to extend the lease, which we do not include in our minimum lease terms unless they are reasonably certain to be exercised. The lease liability costs are amortized over the straight-line method over the term of the lease. Operating leases with a term of less than one year are recognized as a lease expense over the term of the lease, with no asset or liability recognized on the Consolidated Balance Sheets.
SUN COMMUNITIES, INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS


Finance leases where we are the lessee are included in Other assets, net and Other liabilities on our Consolidated Balance Sheets. The lease liabilities are initially measured in the same manner as operating leases and are subsequently measured at amortized cost using the effective interest method. The ROU asset is initially measured at cost, which comprises the initial amount of the lease liability adjusted for lease payments made at or before the lease commencement date, plus any initial direct costs incurred less any lease incentives received. For finance leases the ROU asset is subsequently amortized using the straight-line method from the lease commencement date to the earlier of the end of its useful life or the end of the lease term unless the lease transfers ownership of the underlying asset to us, or we are reasonably certain to exercise an option to purchase the underlying asset. In those cases, the ROU asset is amortized over the useful life of the underlying asset. Amortization of the ROU asset is recognized and presented separately from interest expense on the lease liability. ROU assets are periodically reduced by impairment losses. As of December 31, 2019, we have not encountered any impairment losses. Refer to Note 19, “Leases” for information regarding leasing activities.

2. Revenue
        
Disaggregation of Revenue

The following table disaggregates our revenue by major source (in thousands):
 Year Ended December 31, 2018 Year Ended December 31, 2017 Year Ended December 31, 2016
 Real Property Operations Home Sales and Rentals Consolidated Real Property Operations Home Sales and Rentals Consolidated Real Property Operations Home Sales and Rentals Consolidated
REVENUE                 
Income from real property$825,973
 $
 $825,973
 $742,228
 $
 $742,228
 $620,917
 $
 $620,917
Revenue from home sales
 166,031
 166,031
 
 127,408
 127,408
 
 110,507
 110,507
Rental home revenue
 53,657
 53,657
 
 50,549
 50,549
 
 47,780
 47,780
Ancillary revenues54,107
 
 54,107
 37,511
 
 37,511
 33,424
 
 33,424
Interest20,853
 
 20,853
 21,181
 (1) 21,180
 18,113
 
 18,113
Brokerage commissions and other revenues, net6,204
 
 6,204
 3,694
 
 3,694
 3,037
 
 3,037
Total revenue$907,137
 $219,688
 $1,126,825
 $804,614
 $177,956
 $982,570
 $675,491
 $158,287
 $833,778

 Year Ended
 December 31, 2019 December 31, 2018 December 31, 2017
 Real Property Operations Home Sales and Rentals Consolidated Real Property Operations Home Sales and Rentals Consolidated Real Property Operations Home Sales and Rentals Consolidated
Revenues                 
Income from
real property
$925,664
 $
 $925,664
 $825,973
 $
 $825,973
 $742,228
 $
 $742,228
Revenue from home sales
 181,936
 181,936
 
 166,031
 166,031
 
 127,408
 127,408
Rental home revenue
 57,572
 57,572
 
 53,657
 53,657
 
 50,549
 50,549
Ancillary revenue66,881
 
 66,881
 54,107
 
 54,107
 37,511
 
 37,511
Interest income17,857
 
 17,857
 20,852
 
 20,852
 21,180
 (1) 21,179
Brokerage commissions and other revenues, net14,127
 
 14,127
 6,205
 
 6,205
 3,695
 
 3,695
Total Revenues$1,024,529
 $239,508
 $1,264,037
 $907,137
 $219,688
 $1,126,825
 $804,614
 $177,956
 $982,570

Revenue Recognition Policies and Performance Obligations
On January 1, 2018, we adopted FASB Accounting Standards Update (“ASU”) 2014-09 “Revenue from Contracts with Customers” and the other related ASUs and amendments to the codification (collectively “ASC 606”). The core principle of ASC 606 is that an entity should recognize revenue to depict the transfer of promised goods or services to customers in an amount that reflects the consideration to which the entity expects to be entitled in exchange for those goods or services. A five-step transactional analysis is required to determine how and when to recognize revenue. ASC 606 applies to all contracts with customers, except those that are within the scope of other topics in the FASB accounting standards codification.
As a real estate owner and operator, the majority of our revenue is derived from site and home leases that are accounted for pursuant to ASC 840 842 ““Leases.Leases.” For transactions in the scope of ASC 606, we recognize revenue when control of goods or services transfers to the customer, in the amount that we expect to receive for the transfer of goods or provision of services. The adoption of ASC 606 did not result in any change to our accounting policies forthe timing and pattern of revenue recognition. Accordingly, retrospective application to prior periods or a cumulative catch-up adjustment was unnecessary.
Income from real property - Residents in our communities lease the site on which their home is located, and either own or lease their home. Lease revenues for sites and homes fall under the scope of ASC 840, and are accounted for as operating leases with straight-line recognition. Resident leases are generally for one-year or month-to-month terms and are renewable by mutual agreement from us and the resident, or in some cases, as provided by jurisdictional statute. Lease revenues for sites and homes fall under the scope of ASC 842, and are accounted for as operating leases with straight-line recognition. Income from real property includes income from site leases for annual MH residents, site leases for annual recreational vehicle RV residents and site rentals to transient RV residents. Non-lease components of our site lease contracts, which are primarily provision of utility services, are accounted for with the site lease as a single lease under ASC 840.842. Additionally, we include collections of real estate taxes from residents within Income from real property.
SUN COMMUNITIES, INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS


Revenue from home sales - Our taxable REIT subsidiary, SHS, sells manufactured homes and RV park models to current and prospective residents in our communities. Prior to adoption of ASC 606, we recognized revenue for home sales pursuant to ASC 605 Revenue Recognition, as manufactured homes are tangible personal property that can be located on any land parcel. Manufactured homes are not permanent fixtures or improvements to the underlying real estate and were therefore not considered to be subject to the guidance in ASC 360-20 “RealReal Estate Sales”Sales by the Company. In accordance with the core principle of ASC 606, we recognize revenue from home sales at the time of closing when control of the home transfers to the customer. After closing of the sale transaction, we have no remaining performance obligation.

Rental home revenue - is comprised of rental agreements whereby we lease homes to residents in our communities. We account for these revenues under ASC 840.842.
SUN COMMUNITIES, INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS


Ancillary revenuesrevenue - areis primarily composed of proceeds from restaurant, golf, merchandise and other activities at our RV communities.communities and is included in the scope of ASC 606. Revenues are recognized at point of sale when control of the good or service transfers to the customer and our performance obligation is satisfied. In addition, leasing of short-term vacation home rentals is included within Ancillary revenue and falls within the scope of ASC 842. Sales and other taxes that we collect concurrent with revenue-producing activities are excluded from the transaction price.
Interest income - is earned primarily on our notes and collateralized receivables, which includes installment loans for manufactured homes purchased by the Company from loan originators and transferred loans that previously did not meet the requirements for sale accounting.originators. Interest income on these receivables is accrued based on the unpaid principal balances of the underlying loans on a level yield basis over the life of the loans. Interest income is not in the scope of ASC 606. Refer to notes 4, “Collateralized Receivables and Transfers of Financial Assets” andNote 5, “NotesNotes and Other Receivables”Receivables for additional information.
Broker commissions and other revenues, net - is primarily comprised of brokerage commissions for sales of manufactured homes, where we act as agent and arrange for a third party to transfer a manufactured home to a customer within one of our communities. Brokerage commission revenues are recognized on a net basis at closing, when the transaction is completed and our performance obligations have been fulfilled. Loan loss reserve expenses for our collateralized receivables and notes receivables are also included herein. Refer to notes 4, “Collateralized Receivables and Transfers of Financial Assets” andNote 5, “NotesNotes and Other Receivables”Receivables for additional information regarding our loan loss reserves.

Contract Balances

As of December 31, 20182019, and 2017,December 31, 2018, we had $16.1$20.9 million and $13.8$16.1 million, respectively, of receivables from contracts with customers. Receivables from contracts with customers are presented as a component of Notes and other receivables, net on our Consolidated Balance Sheets. These receivables represent balances owed to us for previously completed performance obligations for sales of manufactured homes. Due to the nature of our revenue from contactscontracts with customers, we do not have material contract assets or liabilities that fall under the scope of ASC 606.

SUN COMMUNITIES, INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS


3. Real Estate Acquisitions

2019 Acquisitions

2018 AcquisitionsCommunities

In 2018For the year ended December 31, 2019, we acquired the following communities and portfolios:
Community Name Type Sites Development Sites State Month Acquired
Leaf Verde RV Resort RV 376
 
 AZ October
Archview RV Resort & Campground RV 114
 50
 UT August
Petoskey KOA RV Resort RV 210
 
 MI August
The Sands RV & Golf Resort RV (Age Restricted) 507
 
 CA July
Sun NG RV Resorts LLC (1)(2)
 RV 2,700
 940
 Various June
Silver Creek RV Resort RV 264
 176
 MI June
Highway West (Four Resorts) (1)
 RV 536
 
 UT & OR June
Compass RV RV 175
 
 FL May
  Total 4,882
 1,166
    
Community Name Type Sites Development Sites State Month Acquired
Slickrock Campground RV 193
 
 UT December
Pandion Ridge RV 142
 351
 AL November
Jensen Portfolio (1)
 MH 5,230
 466
 Various October
Glen Ellis RV 244
 40
 NH September
Leisure Point Resort (2)
 MH / RV 502
 
 DE September
Reunion Lake RV 202
 69
 LA July
River Plantation RV 309
 
 TN May
Massey’s Landing RV RV 291
 
 DE February
Shelby Properties (3)
 MH 1,308
 
 MI February
Buena Vista MH 400
 
 AZ February
Country Village Estates (4)
 MH 518
 
 OR January
Hid’n Pines RV RV 321
 
 ME January
Hacienda del Rio MH (Age-Restricted) 730
 
 FL January
  Total 10,390
 926
    
(1) Contains 31 communities located in CT, GA, MD, NH, NJ, NY, NC and SC. In conjunction with the acquisition, we issued 1,972,876 shares of common stock, net of fractional shares paid in cash.
(2) Contains 201 MH sites and 301 RV sites.
(3) Contains 2 MH communities.
(4) In conjunction with the acquisition, we issued Series D Preferred OP Units. As of December 31, 2019, 488,958 Series D Preferred OP Units were outstanding.

The following table summarizes the amounts of assets acquired net of liabilities assumed at the acquisition date and the consideration paid for the acquisitions completed for the year ended December 31, 2019 (in thousands):
 At Acquisition Date Consideration
 Investment in property Inventory of manufactured homes In-place leases and other intangible assets Other assets (liabilities), net Total identifiable assets acquired net of liabilities assumed Cash and escrow Debt assumed Temporary and permanent equity Total consideration
Slickrock Campground$8,250
 $
 $
 $8
 $8,258
 $8,258
 $
 $
 $8,258
Pandion Ridge19,070
 
 
 (92) $18,978
 18,978
 
 
 18,978
Jensen Portfolio374,402
 3,605
 7,752
 3,938
 $389,697
 18,306
 58,000
 313,391
 389,697
Glen Ellis5,955
 
 
 (79) 5,876
 1,976
 3,900
 
 5,876
Leisure Point Resort43,632
 18
 850
 (678) 43,822
 43,822
 
 
 43,822
Reunion Lake23,493
 
 
 (1,153) 22,340
 22,340
 
 
 22,340
River Plantation22,589
 75
 
 
 22,664
 22,664
 
 
 22,664
Massey's Landing36,250
 
 220
 (446) 36,024
 36,024
 
 
 36,024
Shelby Properties85,969
 2,011
 6,520
 (1,015) 93,485
 93,485
 
 
 93,485
Buena Vista20,221
 439
 1,590
 (93) 22,157
 22,157
 
 
 22,157
Country Village62,784
 
 2,020
 31
 64,835
 12,905
 
 51,930
 64,835
Hid'n Pines10,680
 
 70
 (233) 10,517
 10,517
 
 
 10,517
Hacienda del Rio111,971
 15
 3,280
 (237) 115,029
 115,029
 
 
 115,029
Total$825,266
 $6,163
 $22,302
 $(49) $853,682
 $426,461
 $61,900
 $365,321
 $853,682

As of December 31, 2019, the Company incurred $19.3 million of transaction costs which have been capitalized and allocated among the various categories above.
SUN COMMUNITIES, INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS


Land for Expansion / Development

During the year ended December 31, 2019, the Company acquired four land parcels which are located in New Braunfels, Texas; Petoskey, Michigan; Uhland, Texas and Hudson, Florida for total consideration of $7.7 million. Two of the land parcels are adjacent to existing communities. The land acquired for expansion and development have potential to add approximately 900 usable sites once constructed.

Ground Leases

In September 2019, the Company entered into a 66-year Temporary Occupancy and Use Permit with the Port of San Diego to construct and operate a new RV resort in Chula Vista. Refer to Note 19, “ Leases” for disclosures on accounting treatment.

In August 2019, the Company acquired Chincoteague Island KOA RV Resort (“Chincoteague”), in Chincoteague Island, Virginia for total consideration of $19.5 million. The sellers of Chincoteague continue to operate the property. Refer to Note 19, “Leases” for disclosures on accounting treatment.

In April 2019, the Company acquired Strafford/Lake Winnipesaukee South KOA RV Resort ("Strafford") in Strafford, New Hampshire for total consideration of $2.7 million. The sellers of Strafford continue to operate the property. Refer to Note 19, “Leases” for disclosures on accounting treatment.

In March 2019, the Company entered into a four-year Temporary Occupancy and Use Permit with the Port of San Diego to operate a RV resort located in Chula Vista, CA until such time as the Company constructs a new RV resort in the area. Concurrent with the transaction, we purchased tangible personal property from the prior owner of the RV resort for $0.3 million. Refer to Note 19. “Leases ” for disclosures on accounting treatment.

Refer to Note 21, “Subsequent Events” for information regarding real estate acquisition activity after December 31, 2019.

The total amount of revenues and net income included in the Consolidated Statements of Operations for the year ended December 31, 2019 related to the acquisitions completed in 2019 are set forth in the following table (in thousands):
  Year Ended December 31, 2019
  (unaudited)
Total revenues $42,715
Net income $10,050


The following unaudited pro forma financial information presents the results of our operations for the years ended December 31, 2019 and 2018, as if the properties acquired in 2019 had been acquired on January 1, 2018. The unaudited pro forma results reflect certain adjustments for items that are not expected to have a continuing impact, such as adjustments for transaction costs incurred, management fees, and purchase accounting.

The information presented below has been prepared for comparative purposes only and does not purport to be indicative of either future results of operations or the results of operations that would have actually occurred had the acquisition been consummated on January 1, 2018 (in thousands, except per-share data):
  Year Ended
  (unaudited)
  December 31, 2019 December 31, 2018
Total revenues $1,298,096
 $1,194,093
Net income attributable to Sun Communities, Inc. common stockholders $166,446
 $120,891
Net income per share attributable to Sun Communities, Inc. common stockholders - basic $1.88
 $1.49
Net income per share attributable to Sun Communities, Inc. common stockholders - diluted $1.87
 $1.47

SUN COMMUNITIES, INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS


2018 Acquisitions

For the year ended December 31, 2018 we acquired the following communities:
Community Name Type Sites Development Sites State Month Acquired
Leaf Verde RV Resort RV 376
 
 AZ October
Archview RV 114
 50
 UT August
Petoskey KOA RV 210
 
 MI August
The Sands RV and Golf Resort RV (Age Restricted) 507
 
 CA July
Sun NG RV Resorts LLC (1)(2)
 RV 2,700
 940
 Various June
Silver Creek RV 264
 176
 MI June
Highway West (1)
 RV 536
 
 UT & OR June
Compass RV RV 175
 
 FL May
  Total 4,882
 1,166
    
(1) Highway West and Sun NG RV Resorts LLC are comprised of 4 RV and 10 RV resorts, respectively.
(2) Refer to Note 8, “Consolidated Variable Interest Entities,” Note 9, “Debt and Lines of Credit,” and Note 10, “Equity and Mezzanine Securities”Temporary Equity” in our accompanying Consolidated Financial Statements for additional information.


SUN COMMUNITIES, INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS


The following table summarizes the amounts of assets acquired net of liabilities assumed at the acquisition date and the consideration paid for the acquisitions completed in 2018 (in thousands):

At Acquisition Date Leaf Verde Archview Petoskey KOA Sands Sun NG Resorts Silver Creek Highway West Compass Total
Investment in property $11,587
 $14,550
 $8,730
 $13,790
 $240,649
 $7,250
 $36,500
 $13,930
 $346,986
In-place leases and other intangible assets 60
 
 270
 460
 16,339
 
 
 70
 17,199
Debt assumed 
 
 
 
 (3,120) 
 
 
 (3,120)
Other liabilities, net 
 
 
 
 (11,990) 
 
 
 (11,990)
Total identifiable assets acquired net of liabilities assumed $11,647
 $14,550
 $9,000
 $14,250
 $241,878
 $7,250
 $36,500
 $14,000
 $349,075
                   
Consideration                  
Cash $11,647
 $14,550
 $9,000
 $14,250
 $184,625
 $7,250
 $36,500
 $14,000
 $291,822
Preferred Equity - Sun NG Resorts 
 
 
 
 35,277
 
 
 
 35,277
Equity Interests - NG Sun LLC 
 
 
 
 21,976
 
 
 
 21,976
Total consideration $11,647
 $14,550
 $9,000
 $14,250
 $241,878
 $7,250
 $36,500
 $14,000
 $349,075
 At Acquisition Date Consideration
 Investment in property In-place leases and other intangible assets Debt assumed Other liabilities, net Total identifiable assets acquired net of liabilities assumed Cash Preferred Equity - Sun NG Resorts Equity Interests - NG Sun LLC Total consideration
Leaf Verde$11,587
 $60
 $
 $
 $11,647
 $11,647
 $
 $
 $11,647
Archview14,550
 
 
 
 14,550
 14,550
 
 
 14,550
Petoskey KOA8,730
 270
 
 
 9,000
 9,000
 
 
 9,000
Sands13,790
 460
 
 
 14,250
 14,250
 
 
 14,250
Sun NG Resorts240,649
 16,339
 (3,120) (11,990) 241,878
 184,625
 35,277
 21,976
 241,878
Silver Creek7,250
 
 
 
 7,250
 7,250
 
 
 7,250
Highway West36,500
 
 
 
 36,500
 36,500
 
 
 36,500
Compass13,930
 70
 
 
 14,000
 14,000
 
 
 14,000
Total$346,986
 $17,199
 $(3,120) $(11,990) $349,075
 $291,822
 $35,277
 $21,976
 $349,075

InFor the year ended December 31, 2018, we acquired the following land for expansion / development:
Name Location Type Expansion / Development Sites Cost (millions) Month Acquired Location Type Expansion / Development Sites Cost (millions) Month Acquired
Ocean West McKinleyville, CA MH 26
 $0.2
 December McKinleyville, CA MH 26
 $0.2
 December
Water Oak Country Club Estates Lady Lake, FL MH 296
 $1.9
 November Lady Lake, FL MH 296
 1.9
 November
Oak Crest Austin, TX MH 220
 $4.2
 October Austin, TX MH 220
 4.2
 October
Pecan Park RV Resort Jacksonville, FL RV 158
 $1.3
 September
Pecan Park Jacksonville, FL RV 158
 1.3
 September
Smith Creek Crossing Granby, CO MH 310
 $0.9
 September Granby, CO MH 310
 0.9
 September
Apple Carr Egelston, MI MH 121
 $0.2
 May Egelston, MI MH 121
 0.2
 May
River Run Ranch Granby, CO MH / RV 1,144
 $5.3
 May
River Run Granby, CO MH / RV 1,144
 5.3
 May
 Total 2,275
 $14.0
  Total 2,275
 $14.0
 


Refer to Note 20, “Subsequent Events,” for information regarding real estate acquisition activity after December 31, 2018.

The total amount of revenues and net income included in the Consolidated Statements of Operations for the year ended December 31, 2018 related to the acquisitions completed in 2018 are set forth in the following table (in thousands):

  Year Ended 
 December 31, 2018
  (unaudited)
Total revenues $41,937
Net income $6,718


The following unaudited pro forma financial information presents the results of our operations for the years ended December 31, 2018 and 2017, as if the properties acquired in 2018 had been acquired on January 1, 2017. The unaudited pro forma results reflect certain adjustments for items that are not expected to have a continuing impact, such as adjustments for transaction costs incurred, management fees, and purchase accounting.

SUN COMMUNITIES, INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS


The information presented below has been prepared for comparative purposes only and does not purport to be indicative of either future results of operations or the results of operations that would have actually occurred had the acquisition been consummated on January 1, 2017 (in thousands, except per-share data):
  Year Ended December 31,
  (unaudited)
  2018 2017
Total revenues $1,136,581
 $1,028,894
Net income attributable to Sun Communities, Inc. common stockholders $103,308
 $75,607
Net income per share attributable to Sun Communities, Inc. common stockholders - basic $1.27
 $0.99
Net income per share attributable to Sun Communities, Inc. common stockholders - diluted $1.26
 $0.99


Transaction costs of $0.5 million, $9.8 million, and $31.9 million have been incurred for the years ended December 31, 2018, 2017, and 2016, respectively. These costs are presented as Transaction costs in our Consolidated Statements of Operations. Beginning January 1, 2018, substantially all of our property acquisitions are considered asset acquisitions, and direct acquisition related costs are capitalized as part of the purchase price. Acquisitions costs that do not meet the criteria for capitalization are expensed as incurred. Refer to Note 17, “Recent Accounting Pronouncements,” for additional information.

2017 Acquisitions

In 2017, we acquired the following communities:
Community Name Type Sites Development Sites State Month Acquired
Colony in the Wood MH (Age Restricted) 383
 
 FL December
Emerald Coast MH and RV 201
 14
 FL November
Lazy J Ranch MH (Age Restricted) 220
 
 CA September
Ocean West MH (Age Restricted) 130
 4
 CA September
Caliente Sands MH (Age Restricted) 118
 
 CA September
Pismo Dunes RV (Age Restricted) 331
 
 CA July
Arbor Woods MH 458
 
 MI June
Sunset Lakes RV 498
 
 IL May
49er Village RV 328
 
 CA March
  Total 2,667
 18
    


The following table summarizes the amounts of assets acquired net of liabilities assumed at the acquisition date and the consideration paid for the acquisitions completed in 2017 (in thousands):

SUN COMMUNITIES, INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS


At Acquisition DateColony in the WoodEmerald CoastLazy J RanchOcean WestCaliente SandsPismo DunesArbor WoodsSunset Lakes49er VillageTotal
Investment in property$31,818
$19,400
$13,938
$9,453
$8,640
$21,260
$15,725
$7,835
$12,890
$140,959
Notes receivable





23


23
Inventory of manufactured homes

2

21

465


488
In-place leases and other intangible assets660
100
360
220
210
660
730
210
110
3,260
Total identifiable assets acquired net of liabilities assumed$32,478
$19,500
$14,300
$9,673
$8,871
$21,920
$16,943
$8,045
$13,000
$144,730
           
Consideration          
Cash$32,478
$19,500
$14,300
$5,081
$8,871
$
$14,943
$8,045
$13,000
$116,218
Equity




26,410
2,000


28,410
Liabilities assumed


4,592

510



5,102
Cash proceeds from seller




(5,000)


(5,000)
Total consideration$32,478
$19,500
$14,300
$9,673
$8,871
$21,920
$16,943
$8,045
$13,000
$144,730

In 2017, we acquired the following land for expansion:
Development Name Location Type Development Sites Cost (millions) Month Acquired
Carolina Pines Myrtle Beach, SC RV 841
 $5.9
 April
    Total 841
    



4. Collateralized Receivables and Transfers of Financial Assets

We previouslyPrior to November 2019, we completed various transactions with an unrelated entity involving our notes receivable under which we received cash proceeds in exchange for relinquishing our right, title, and interest in certain notes receivable. We havehad no further obligations or rights with respect to the control, management, administration, servicing, or collection of the installment notes receivable. However, we arewere subject to certain recourse provisions requiring us to purchase the underlying homes collateralizing such notes, in the event of a note default and subsequent repossession of the home by the unrelated entity. The recourse provisions arewere considered to be a form of continuing involvement which precluded establishing legal isolation, a necessary condition for derecognition of a financial asset, and therefore these transferred loans did not meet the requirements for sale accounting. We continuecontinued to recognize these transferred loans and we also recognized the cash proceeds on our balance sheetConsolidated Balance Sheets and referreferred to them as collateralized receivables. The proceeds from the transfer have been recognizedreceivables and as a secured borrowing.

In the event of a note default and subsequent repossession of a manufactured home by the unrelated entity, the terms of the agreement require us to repurchase the manufactured home. Default is defined as the failure to repay the installment note receivable according to contractual terms. The repurchase price is calculated as a percentage of the outstanding principal balance of the collateralized receivable, plus any outstanding late fees, accrued interest, legal fees, and escrow advances associated with the installment note receivable. The percentage used to determine the repurchase price of the outstanding principal balance on the installment note receivable is based on the number of payments made on the note. In general, the repurchase price is determined as follows:

Number of PaymentsRepurchase Percentage
Fewer than or equal to 15100%
Greater than 15 but fewer than 6490%
Equal to or greater than 64 but fewer than 12065%
120 or more50%


SUN COMMUNITIES, INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS


The transferred assets have been classified as Collateralized receivables, net and the cash proceeds received from these transactions have been classified as Secured borrowings on collateralized receivables withinrespectively.

In November 2019, the Consolidated Balance Sheets.facts and circumstances regarding the recourse provisions, to which we remain subject, evolved such that the purchasers become subject to substantive economic risk.  Accordingly, we reassessed the legal isolation analysis in consultation with legal counsel, and concluded that the transaction now achieved the sale accounting requirements for the transferred notes receivable. Following the derecognition guidance, we (a) derecognized the transferred financial assets, (b) applied the guidance in ASC paragraphs 860-20-25-1 and 860-20-30-1 on recognition and measurement of assets obtained and liabilities incurred in the sale, and (c) recognized in earnings a $0.6 million gain on sale.

There was no balance of collateralized receivables at December 31, 2019. The balance of the collateralized receivables was $106.9 million (net of allowance of $0.8 million) and $128.2 million (net of allowance of $0.9 million) as of December 31, 2018, and December 31, 2017, respectively.2018. The receivables havehad a weighted average interest rate and maturity of 9.9 percent and 14.1 years as of December 31, 2018, and 10.0 percent and 15.3 years2018.

There was no balance of secured borrowing as of December 31, 2017.

2019. The outstanding balance onof the secured borrowing was $107.7 million and $129.2 million as of December 31, 2018, and December 31, 2017, respectively.2018.

The collateralized receivables earn interest income, and the secured borrowings accrue interest expense at the same interest rates. The amount of interest income and expense recognized was $8.0 million, $11.2 million $13.2 million and $14.0$13.2 million for the years ended December 31, 2019, 2018, 2017, and 2016,2017, respectively.
  
The balances of the collateralized receivables and secured borrowings fluctuate. The balances increase as additional notes receivable are transferred and exchanged for cash proceeds. The balances are reduced as the related collateralized receivables are collected from the customers, or as the underlying collateral is repurchased. The change in the aggregate gross principal balance of the collateralized receivables is as follows (in thousands):

Year Ended
December 31, 2018 December 31, 2017December 31, 2019 December 31, 2018
Beginning balance$129,182
 $144,477
$107,731
 $129,182
Financed sales of manufactured homes
 8,153
Principal payments and payoffs from our customers(12,577) (12,186)(11,408) (12,577)
Principal reduction from repurchased homes(8,874) (11,262)(5,973) (8,874)
Derecognition of collateralized receivables(90,350) 
Total activity(21,451) (15,295)(107,731) (21,451)
Ending balance$107,731
 $129,182
$
 $107,731


The following table sets forth the allowance for the collateralized receivables (in thousands):

Year Ended
December 31, 2018 December 31, 2017December 31, 2019 December 31, 2018
Beginning balance$(936) $(607)$(807) $(936)
Lower of cost or market write-downs660
 1,024
140
 660
Increase to reserve balance(531) (1,353)
(Increase) / decrease to reserve balance80
 (531)
Gain on derecognition of collaterized receivables587
 
Total activity129
 (329)807
 129
Ending balance$(807) $(936)$
 $(807)


SUN COMMUNITIES, INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS


5. Notes and Other Receivables

The following table sets forth certain information regarding notes and other receivables (in thousands):

 Year Ended
 December 31, 2018 December 31, 2017 December 31, 2019 December 31, 2018
Installment notes receivable on manufactured homes, net $112,798
 $115,797
 $95,580
 $112,798
Notes receivable from real estate developers 18,960
 
Other receivables, net 47,279
 47,699
 43,386
 47,279
Total notes and other receivables, net $160,077
 $163,496
 $157,926
 $160,077


Installment Notes Receivable on Manufactured Homes

The installment notes of $95.6 million (net of allowance of $0.6 million) and $112.8 million (net of allowance of $0.7 million) and $115.8 million (net of allowance of $0.4 million) as of December 31, 20182019 and December 31, 2017,2018, respectively, are collateralized by manufactured homes. The notes represent financing provided to purchasers of manufactured homes primarily located in our communities and require monthly principal and interest payments. The notes have a weighted average interest rate (net of servicing costs) and maturity of 8.0 percent and 15.8 years as of December 31, 2019, and 8.0 percent and 16.6 years as of December 31, 2018, and 8.2 percent and 17.2 years as of December 31, 2017.2018.

The change in the aggregate gross principal balance of the installment notes receivable is as follows (in thousands):

Year Ended
December 31, 2018 December 31, 2017December 31, 2019 December 31, 2018
Beginning balance$116,174
 $59,524
$113,495
 $116,174
Financed sales of manufactured homes14,237
 66,104
341
 14,237
Acquired notes
 23
Principal payments and payoffs from our customers(8,966) (6,128)(8,710) (8,966)
Principal reduction from repossessed homes(7,950) (3,349)(8,901) (7,950)
Total activity(2,679) 56,650
(17,270) (2,679)
Ending balance$113,495
 $116,174
$96,225
 $113,495


Allowance for Losses for Installment Notes Receivable

The following table sets forth the allowance change for the installment notes receivable (in thousands):

Year Ended
December 31, 2018 December 31, 2017December 31, 2019 December 31, 2018
Beginning balance$(377) $(205)$(697) $(377)
Lower of cost or market write-downs678
 170
203
 678
Increase to reserve balance(998) (342)(151) (998)
Total activity(320) (172)52
 (320)
Ending balance$(697) $(377)$(645) $(697)


Notes Receivable from Real Estate Developers

As of December 31, 2019, the notes receivables balance of $19.0 million primarily comprise short term construction loans provided to real estate developers.

Other Receivables

As of December 31, 2019, other receivables were comprised of amounts due from: residents for rent, utility charges, fees and other pass through charges of $7.8 million (net of allowance of $2.2 million); home sale proceeds of $20.9 million; insurance receivables of $9.9 million, and other receivables of $4.8 million. As of December 31, 2018, other receivables were comprised of amounts due fromfrom: residents for rent, utility charges, fees and water and sewer usageother pass through charges of $7.1 million (net of allowance of $1.5 million),; home sale proceeds of $16.1 million,million; and insurance and other receivables of $24.1 million. As of December 31, 2017, other receivables were comprised of amounts due from residents for rent, and water and sewer usage of $7.0 million (net of allowance of $1.5 million), home sale proceeds of $13.8 million, insurance and other receivables of $26.9 million.

SUN COMMUNITIES, INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS


6. Intangible Assets

Our intangible assets include below market ground leases, in-place leases, franchise agreements and other intangible assets. These intangible assets are recorded in Other assets, net on the Consolidated Balance Sheets.

In June 2018, we acquired 50 percentaccordance with FASB ASC Topic 842, below market leases are now classified as a right of a land parcel that was previously subject to a ground lease at one of our California communities for $8.0 million. As a result of the transaction, we wrote off $1.1 million of the gross carrying amount of the ground lease intangible and $0.3 million of the related accumulated amortization. The $0.8 million net write off is included within the Property operating and maintenance expenses in our Consolidated Statements of Operations for the year ended December 31, 2018.

In December 2017, we acquired 25.0 percent of the land that was previously under a ground lease at one of our California communities for $4.0 million, and amended the ground lease agreement to include an option to purchase an additional 25.0 percent of the land. As a result of these transactions, we wrote off $1.1 million of the gross carrying amount of the ground lease intangible and $0.2 million of accumulated amortization. The $0.9 million net write off is included within Property operating and maintenance expense in our Consolidated Statements of Operations for the year ended December 31, 2017.use asset.

The gross carrying amounts and accumulated amortization are as follows (in thousands):
 December 31, 2018 December 31, 2017 December 31, 2019 December 31, 2018
Intangible Asset Useful Life Gross Carrying Amount Accumulated Amortization Gross Carrying Amount Accumulated Amortization Useful Life Gross Carrying Amount Accumulated Amortization Gross Carrying Amount Accumulated Amortization
Below market ground leases 2 - 75 years $31,060
 $(1,942) $32,165
 $(1,409)
In-place leases 7 years 103,547
 (59,068) 100,843
 (45,576) 7 years $127,313
 $(73,980) $103,547
 $(59,068)
Franchise agreements and other intangible assets 7 - 20 years 16,641
 (1,942) 1,880
 (1,451) 7 - 20 years 16,943
 (2,760) 16,641
 (1,942)
Total $151,248

$(62,952)
$134,888
 $(48,436) $144,256

$(76,740)
$120,188
 $(61,010)


Total amortization expenses related to our intangible assets are as follows (in thousands):
 Year Ended December 31, Year Ended
Intangible Asset 2018 2017 2016 December 31, 2019 December 31, 2018 December 31, 2017
Below market ground leases $821
 $809
 $600
In-place leases 12,913
 13,812
 11,559
 $14,912
 $12,913
 $13,812
Franchise fees and other intangible assets 507
 301
 535
 818
 507
 301
Total $14,241
 $14,922
 $12,694
 $15,730
 $13,420
 $14,113


We anticipate amortization expense for our intangible assets to be as follows for the next five years (in thousands):
  Year
  2019 2020 2021 2022 2023
Estimated expense $14,630
 $12,902
 $12,510
 $7,908
 $4,533
  2020 2021 2022 2023 2024
Estimated expense $15,522
 $15,130
 $10,529
 $7,154
 $4,791


SUN COMMUNITIES, INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS


7. Investments in Nonconsolidated Affiliates

Investments in joint ventures that are not consolidated, nor recorded at cost, are accounted for using the equity method of accounting as prescribed in FASB ASC Topic 323, “Investments - Equity Method and Joint Ventures.” Investments in nonconsolidated affiliates are recorded within Other assets, net on the Consolidated Balance Sheets. Equity income and loss are recorded in the Income / (loss) from nonconsolidated affiliates on the Consolidated Statements of Operations.

RezPlot Systems LLC (“Rezplot”)
At December 31, 2019, the Company had a 50 percent ownership interest in RezPlot, a RV reservation software technology company, acquired in January 2019.

Sungenia JV
At December 31, 2019 and December 31, 2018, the Company had a 50 percent interest in Sungenia JV, a joint venture (“JV”) formed between the Company and Ingenia Communities Group in November 2018, to establish and grow a manufactured housing community development program in Australia.

GTSC LLC (“GTSC”)
At December 31, 2019 and December 31, 2018, the Company had a 40 percent ownership interest in GTSC, which engages in acquiring, holding and selling loans secured, directly or indirectly, by manufactured homes located in communities of Sun Communities.

Origen Financial Services, LLC (“OFS”)
At December 31, 2019 and December 31, 2018, the Company had a 22.9 percent ownership interest in OFS, an end-to-end online resident screening and document management suite.

The investment balance in each nonconsolidated affiliate is as follows (in millions):
Investment December 31, 2019 December 31, 2018
Investment in RezPlot $4.2
 $
Investment in Sungenia JV 12.0
 0.7
Investment in GTSC (1)
 18.5
 29.8
Investment in OFS 0.1
 0.1
Total $34.8
 $30.6
(1) The decrease in investment balance is primarily due to return of capital.

The year to date Equity income / (loss) from each nonconsolidated affiliate is as follows (in thousands):
Equity income December 31, 2019 December 31, 2018
RezPlot equity loss $(1,344) $
Sungenia JV equity loss (290) 
GTSC equity income 2,803
 604
OFS equity income 205
 186
Total equity income $1,374
 $790

Investments in joint ventures in which we do not have a controlling direct or indirect voting interest, but can exercise significant influence over the entity with respect to our operations and major decisions, are accounted for using the equity method of accounting whereby the cost of an investment is adjusted for our share of the equity in net income or loss from the date of acquisition, reduced by distributions received and increased by contributions made. The income or loss of each entity is allocated in accordance with the provisions of the applicable operating agreements. The allocation provisions in these agreements may differ from the ownership interests held by each investor.
SUN COMMUNITIES, INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS


Sungenia JV8. - Consolidated Variable Interest EntitiesIn November 2018,

The Operating Partnership
We consolidate the Company and Ingenia Communities Group entered into a joint venture (“JV”) to establish and grow a manufactured housing community development program in Australia. The JV is referred to as “Sungenia JV.” We hold a 50 percent interest in the JV entity. We account for our interest in the Sungenia JVOperating Partnership under the equity method of accounting as prescribed byguidance set forth in FASB ASC Topic 323, “Investments - Equity Method and Joint Ventures,” as neither party of the Sungenia JV has individual control and we have equal exercise of significant influence. As of December 31, 2018 we had a $0.7 million investment in the Sungenia JV. During the year ended December 31, 2018, we recognized no equity gain or loss on the Consolidated Statement of Operations related to our ownership interest.

GTSC LLC (810 GTSC”Consolidation.” ) - In February 2018, we became a noncontrolling member of GTSC. GTSC engages in acquiring, holding and selling loans secured, directly or indirectly, by manufactured homes located in our communities. At December 31, 2018, we had a 40 percent ownership interest in GTSC. The remaining 60 percent interest is owned by an unrelated third party. We account for our interest in GTSC under the equity method of accounting as prescribed by FASB ASC Topic 323 “Investments - Equity Method and Joint Ventures.During the year ended December 31, 2018, there was $0.5 million net gain in Income from nonconsolidated affiliates on the Consolidated Statement of Operations related to our ownership interest. Our investment in GTSC as of December 31, 2018, is $29.8 million and recorded within Other assets, net on the Consolidated Balance Sheet.

Origen Financial Services, LLC (“OFS LLC”) - At December 31, 2018 and 2017, we had a 22.9 percent ownership interest in OFS LLC, an entity that specializes in resident screening services. Previously we had suspended equity method accounting as the carrying value of our investment was zero as prescribed by FASB ASC Topic 323 “Investments - Equity Method and Joint Ventures.” Subsequently in 2018, we resumed equity method accounting as our unrecorded losses were recovered. As of December 31, 2018 and 2017 our investment in OFS LLC was $0.1 million and zero, respectively and is recorded within Other assets, net on the Consolidated Balance Sheet. During the year ended December 31, 2018 and 2017, we recognized $0.2 million and zero income, respectively, in the Income from nonconsolidated affiliates on the Consolidated Statement of Operations.

8. Consolidated Variable Interest Entities

In 2016, we adopted (“ASU 2015-02”) Consolidation (Topic 810): Amendments to the Consolidation Analysis. ASU 2015-02 modified the evaluation of whether limited partnerships and similar legal entities are VIEs or voting interest entities. We evaluated the application of ASU 2015-02 and concluded that no change was required to our accounting for interests in less than wholly-owned Joint ventures. However, the Operating Partnership now meets the criteria asof a VIE. Our significant asset is our investment in the Operating Partnership, and consequently, substantially all of our assets and liabilities represent those assets and liabilities of the Operating Partnership. We are the sole general partner and generally have the power to manage and have complete control over the Operating Partnership and the obligation to absorb its losses or the right to receive its benefits. Accordingly, we consolidate the Operating Partnership under this new guidance.

Effective June 1, 2018, we acquired a majority interest in Sun NG RV Resorts LLC (“Sun NG Resorts”), which is comprised of ten; Rudgate Village SPE, LLC, Rudgate Clinton SPE, LLC, and Rudgate Clinton Estates SPE, LLC (collectively, “Rudgate”); Sun NG Whitewater RV resorts and one ground up RV development with 2,700 RV sites and an additional 940 sites available for development. LLC (“Whitewater Resorts”);
We purchased an 80 percent interest inconsolidate Sun NG Resorts, for $61.6 million through Sun NG LLC; the remaining 20 percent interest of $15.4 million is held by an unrelated third party. We paid additional consideration of $123.3 million, consisting of a $1.8 million preferred equity investmentRudgate, and a $121.5 million temporary loan to Sun NG Resorts.

We consolidate Sun NGWhitewater Resorts, under the guidance set forth in FASB ASC Topic 810 “Consolidation.“Consolidation.We concluded that Sun NG Resortseach of them is a VIE where we are the primary beneficiary, as we have the power to direct the significant activities, absorb the significant losses and receive the significant benefits from the entity. Refer to Note 3, “RealReal Estate Acquisitions,” Note 9, “DebtDebt and Lines of Credit,” and Note 10, “EquityEquity and Mezzanine Securities”Temporary Equity for additional information.

We consolidate Rudgate Village SPE, LLC; Rudgate Clinton SPE, LLC; and Rudgate Clinton Estates SPE, LLC (collectively, “Rudgate”) as a variable interest entity (“VIE”). We evaluated our arrangement with this property under the guidance set forth in FASB ASC Topic 810 “Consolidation.” We concluded that Rudgate qualified as a VIE where we are the primary beneficiary, as we have power to direct the significant activities, absorb the significant losses and receive the significant benefits from the entity.
SUN COMMUNITIES, INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS


information on Sun NG Resorts.

The following table summarizes the assets and liabilities included in our Consolidated Balance Sheets after appropriate eliminations have been made (in thousands):

December 31, 2018 December 31, 2017December 31, 2019 December 31, 2018
ASSETS   
Assets   
Investment property, net$308,171
 $50,193
$344,300
 $308,171
Other assets19,809
 1,659
23,894
 19,809
Total Assets$327,980
 $51,852
$368,194
 $327,980
      
LIABILITIES AND OTHER EQUITY   
Liabilities and Other Equity   
Debt$44,172
 $41,970
$46,993
 $44,172
Preferred Equity - Sun NG Resorts - mandatorily redeemable35,277
 
35,249
 35,277
Other liabilities6,914
 1,468
13,631
 6,914
Total Liabilities86,363
 43,438
95,873
 86,363
Equity Interest - NG Sun LLC21,976
 
Equity Interest - NG Sun LLC & NG Whitewater27,091
 21,976
Noncontrolling interests7,145
 4,285
8,542
 7,145
Total Liabilities and Other Equity$115,484
 $47,723
$131,506
 $115,484


Investment property, net and other assets, net related to the consolidated VIEs, with the exception of SCOLP, comprised approximately 4.94.7 percent and 0.84.9 percent of our consolidated total assets at December 31, 20182019 and December 31, 2017,2018, respectively. Debt, Preferred Equity and other liabilities comprised approximately 2.62.5 percent and 1.22.6 percent of our consolidated total liabilities at December 31, 20182019 and December 31, 2017,2018, respectively. Equity Interests and Noncontrolling interests related to the consolidated VIEs, on an absolute basis, comprised approximately less than 1.0 percent of our consolidated total equity at December 31, 20182019 and at December 31, 2017.2018.


SUN COMMUNITIES, INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS


9. Debt and Lines of Credit

The following table sets forth certain information regarding debt including premiums, discounts, and deferred financing costs (in thousands):
Carrying Amount 
Weighted Average
Years to Maturity
 
Weighted Average
Interest Rates
Carrying Amount 
Weighted Average
Years to Maturity
 
Weighted Average
Interest Rates
December 31, 2018 December 31, 2017 December 31, 2018 December 31, 2017 December 31, 2018 December 31, 2017December 31, 2019 December 31, 2018 December 31, 2019 December 31, 2018 December 31, 2019 December 31, 2018
Collateralized term loans - Life Companies$1,259,158
 $1,044,246
 14.4 13.9
 3.9% 3.9%$1,710,408
 $1,259,158
 17.1 14.4 4.0% 3.9%
Collateralized term loans - FNMA770,417
 1,026,014
 5.1 5.6
 4.4% 4.4%697,589
 770,417
 7.0 5.1 3.7% 4.4%
Collateralized term loans - CMBS405,702
 410,747
 4.1 5.0
 5.1% 5.1%397,868
 405,702
 3.1 4.1 5.1% 5.1%
Collateralized term loans - FMCC380,680
 386,349
 5.9 6.9
 3.9% 3.9%374,727
 380,680
 4.9 5.9 3.9% 3.9%
Secured borrowings107,731
 129,182
 14.4 15.3
 9.9% 10.0%
 107,731
 0.0 14.4 % 9.9%
Preferred equity - Sun NG Resorts - mandatorily redeemable35,249
 35,277
 2.8 3.8 6.0% 6.0%
Preferred OP units - mandatorily redeemable34,663
 37,338
 4.0 4.7 6.5% 6.6%
Lines of credit128,000
 41,257
 2.3 3.1
 3.8% 2.8%183,898
 128,000
 3.5 2.3 2.7% 3.8%
Preferred Equity - Sun NG Resorts - mandatorily redeemable35,277
 
 3.8 
 6.0% %
Preferred OP units - mandatorily redeemable37,338
 41,443
 4.7 5.0
 6.6% 6.7%
Total debt$3,124,303
 $3,079,238
 9.0 8.9
 4.5% 4.5%$3,434,402
 $3,124,303
 11.1 9.0 4.0% 4.5%


Collateralized Term Loans

All of our collateralized term loans are mortgage loans.

During the three monthsyears ended December 31, 2019 and 2018, we repaid athe following collateralized term loan of $10.2 million with an interest rate of 5.66 percent. The loan wasloans:
Three months ended 
Repayment amount
(in millions)
 
Fixed
Interest
rate
 
Maturity
date
 
(Gain) / loss on extinguishment of debt
(in millions)
 Encumbered communities released
December 31, 2019 $17.0
 5.62% March 1, 2020 $
 
 $127.3
 5.10% November 1, 2021 $3.2
 
 $21.5
(1) 
6.24%
(4) 
March 1, 2020
April 1, 2020
 $(0.2) 3
September 30, 2019 $134.0
 4.3% May 1, 2023 $12.8
 
March 31, 2019 $186.8
 3.83% January 1, 2030 $0.7
 
December 31, 2018 $10.2
 5.66% February 28, 2019 $
 
September 30, 2018 $30.5
 6.34% March 1, 2019 $0.9
 1
June 30, 2018 (2)
 $177.7
 4.53%
(4) 
August 1, 2018 May 1, 2023 $1.5
 11
March 31, 2018 (3)
 $24.4
 6.36%
(4) 
March 1, 2019 $0.2
 3

(1) Includes four collateralized term loans, three due to mature on February 28,March 1, 2020 and one due to mature on April 1, 2020.
(2) Includes three collateralized term loans, one due to mature on August 1, 2018 and two due to mature on May 1, 2023.
(3) Includes four collateralized term loans, all due to mature on March 1, 2019. Concurrently,
(4) The interest rate represents the weighted average interest rate on collateralized term loans.

During the years ended December 31, 2019 and 2018, we entered into a $21.7 millionthe following collateralized term loan with a 4.10 fixed interest rateloans:
Three months ended 
Loan amount
(in millions)
 
Term
(in years)
 
Interest
rate
 
Maturity
date
December 31, 2019 $400.0
(1) 
21 4.026% 
December 15, 2039
December 15, 2041
September 30, 2019 $250.0
 10 2.925% October 1, 2029
March 31, 2019 $265.0
 25 4.170% January 15, 2044
December 31, 2018 $21.7
 20 4.100% August 15, 2038
September 30, 2018 $228.0
 20 4.100% August 15, 2038

(1) Includes two collateralized term loans one due to mature on December 15, 2039 and 20-year term.the other on December 1, 2041.

SUN COMMUNITIES, INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS



During the three months ended September 30, 2018, we entered into a $228.0 million collateralized term loan with a 4.10 percent fixed interest rate and a 20-year term. During the three months ended September 30, 2018, we repaid one collateralized term loan of $30.5 million with an interest rate of 6.34 percent, releasing one encumbered community, which was due to mature March 1, 2019. We recognized a loss on extinguishment of debt of $0.3 million as a result of the repayment transaction in our Consolidated Statement of Operations.

During the three months ended June 30, 2018 we repaid three collateralized term loans totaling $177.7 million with a weighted average interest rate of 4.53 percent, releasing 11 encumbered communities. One loan was due to mature on August 1, 2018 and two loans were due to mature on May 1, 2023. We recognized a loss on extinguishment of debt of $1.5 million as a result of the repayment transaction.

During the three months ended March 31, 2018, we repaid four collateralized term loans totaling $24.4 million with a weighted average interest rate of 6.36 percent, releasing three encumbered communities. The loans were due to mature on March 1, 2019. We recognized a loss on extinguishment of debt of $0.2 million as a result of the repayment transactions.

In December 2017, we defeased a $38.6 million collateralized term loan with a 5.25 percent fixed interest rate that was due to mature on June 1, 2022. As a result of the transaction we recognized a loss on extinguishment of debt of $5.2 million in our Consolidated Statements of Operations. Concurrent with the defeasance, we entered into a new $100.0 million collateralized term loan, encumbered by the same property, with a 4.25 percent fixed rate of interest and 30-year term.

In September 2017, in connection with the Ocean West acquisition, we assumed a $4.6 million collateralized term loan with Fannie Mae, with an interest rate of 4.34 percent and a remaining term of 9.8 years.

In June 2017, we entered into a $77.0 million collateralized term loan which bears interest at a rate of 4.16 percent amortizing over a 25-year term. We also repaid a $3.9 million collateralized term loan with an interest rate of 6.54 percent that was due to mature on August 31, 2017. As a result of the repayment transaction, we recognized a loss on extinguishment of debt of $0.3 million in our Consolidated Statements of Operations.

During the first quarter of 2017, we defeased an $18.9 million collateralized term loan with an interest rate of 6.49 percent that was due to mature on August 1, 2017, releasing one encumbered community. As a result of the transaction, we recognized a loss on extinguishment of debt of $0.5 million in our Consolidated Statements of Operations. In addition, we repaid a $10.0 million collateralized term loan with an interest rate of 5.57 percent that was due to mature on May 1, 2017, releasing an additional encumbered community.

The collateralized term loans totaling $2.8$3.2 billion as of December 31, 2018,2019, are secured by 185188 properties comprised of 72,79974,170 sites representing approximately $3.2$3.3 billion of net book value.

Secured Borrowings

See Note 4, “CollateralizedCollateralized Receivables and Transfers of Financial Assets,” for information regarding our collateralized receivables and secured borrowing transactions.

Preferred OP Units - mandatorily redeemable

Preferred OP units at December 31, 20182019 and 2017December 31, 2018 include $34.7 million of Aspen preferred OP units issued by the Operating Partnership. As of December 31, 2018,2019, these units are convertible indirectly into 447,049407,190 shares of our common stock. Subject to certain limitations, at any time prior to January 1, 2024, the holder of each Aspen preferred OP unit at its option may convert such Aspen preferred OP unit into: (a) if the market price of our common stock is $68.00 per share or less, 0.397 common OP units; or (b) if the market price of our common stock is greater than $68.00 per share, the number of common OP units is determined by dividing (i) the sum of (A) $27.00 plus (B) 25 percent of the amount by which the market price of our common stock exceeds $68.00 per share, by (ii) the per-shareper share market price of our common stock. The current preferred distribution rate is 6.5 percent. On January 2, 2024, we are required to redeem all Aspen preferred OP units that have not been converted to common OP units. Refer to Note 21, “Subsequent Events,” for additional information regarding revisions to the terms of certain of the Aspen preferred OP units.

Preferred OP units also include $2.7 million and $6.7 million at December 31, 2018 and 2017, respectively, of Series B-3 preferred OP units at December 31, 2018, which are not convertible. During the year ended December 31, 2018, we redeemed 41,051 of the Series B-3 preferred OP units at an average redemption price per unit, which included accrued and unpaid distributions, of $100.065753. In the aggregate, we paid $4.1 million to redeem these units. In January 2019, we redeemed all remaining 26,750 Series B-3 preferred OP units.
SUN COMMUNITIES, INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS


The weighted average redemption price per unit, which included accrued and unpaid distributions, was $100.153425.$100.153424. In the aggregate, we paid $2.7 million to redeem the Series B-3 preferred OPthese units.

Preferred Equity - Sun NG Resorts - mandatorily redeemable

In June 2018, in connection with the investment in Sun NG Resorts, $35.3 million of mandatorily redeemable Preferred Equity (“Preferred Equity - Sun NG Resorts”) was purchased by unrelated third parties. The Preferred Equity - Sun NG Resorts carries a preferred rate of return of 6.0 percent per annum. The Preferred Equity - Sun NG Resorts has a 7-year term and can be redeemed in the fourth quarter of 2022 at the holders’ option. The Preferred Equity - Sun NG Resorts as ofbalance was $35.2 million and $35.3 million at December 31, 2018 was $35.3 million.2019 and December 31, 2018. Refer to Note 3, “RealReal Estate Acquisitions,” Note 8, “ConsolidatedConsolidated Variable Interest Entities,” and Note 10, “EquityEquity and Mezzanine Securities”Temporary Equity for additional information.

Lines of Credit (“LOC”)

Credit agreement - In April 2017,May 2019, we amended and restated our credit agreement (the “A&R Credit Agreement”) with Citibank N.A. (“Citibank”) and certain other lenders. Pursuant to the A&R Credit Agreement,credit agreement, we entered into a senior revolving credit facility with Citibank and certain other lenders in the amount of $650.0$750.0 million, comprised of a $550.0$650.0 million revolving loan, with the ability to use up to $100.0 million for advances in Australian dollars, and a $100.0 million term loan (the “A&R Facility”). We repaidhave until March 17, 2020 to draw on the term loan in fullloan. As of December 31, 2019, we had not drawn any funds on September 7, 2018.the term loan. The A&R Credit Agreementcredit agreement has a four-year term ending April 25, 2021,May 21, 2023, which can be extended for two additional six-month periods, at our option, subject to the satisfaction of certain conditions as defined in the credit agreement. The A&R Credit Agreementcredit agreement also provides for, subject to the satisfaction of certain conditions, additional commitments in an amount not to exceed $350.0 million. If additional borrowings are made pursuant to any such additional commitments, the aggregate borrowing limit under the A&R Facility may be increased up to $900.0 million.$1.1 billion.

The A&R Facility bears interest at a floating rate based on the Eurodollar rate or Bank Bill Swap Bid Rate plus a margin that is determined based on our leverage ratio calculated in accordance with the A&R Credit Agreement,credit agreement, which margin can range from 1.351.20 percent to 2.202.10 percent for the revolving loan and 1.20 percent to 2.05 percent for the term loan. As of December 31, 2018,2019, the margin based on our leverage ratio was 1.351.20 percent on the revolving loan and 1.20 percent on the term loan. We had $128.0$123.6 million and 0 of borrowings on the revolving loan and no borrowings on the term loan, respectively, as of December 31, 2018.2019.

The A&R Facility provides us with the ability to issue letters of credit. Our issuance of letters of credit does not increase our borrowings outstanding under our line of credit but does reduce the borrowing amount available. At December 31, 20182019 and December 31, 2017,2018, approximately $2.8 million and $3.9 million and $1.3 million, respectively, of availability was used to back standby letters of credit.

Floor plan - We have a $12.0 million manufactured home floor plan facility renewable indefinitely until our lender provides us at least a twelve month notice of their intent to terminate the agreement. The interest rate is 100 basis points over the greater of the prime rate as quoted in the Wall Street Journal on the first business day of each month or 6.0 percent. At December 31, 2018,2019, the effective interest rate was 7.0 percent. The outstanding balance was zero$3.3 million and $4.0 million0 as of December 31, 20182019 and December 31, 2017,2018, respectively.
SUN COMMUNITIES, INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS


Jensen - In October 2019, we assumed a term loan facility with Citibank N.A. (“Citibank”), in the amount of $58.0 million. The term loan has a four-year term ending October 29, 2023, and bears interest at a floating rate based on the Eurodollar rate or Prime rate. The outstanding balance was $57.0 million at December 31, 2019.

Covenants

Pursuant to the terms of the A&R Facility, we are subject to various financial and other covenants. The most restrictive of our debt agreements place limitations on secured borrowings and contain minimum fixed charge coverage, leverage, distribution, and net worth requirements. At December 31, 2018,2019, we were in compliance with all covenants.

In addition, certain of our subsidiary borrowers own properties that secure loans. These subsidiaries are consolidated within our accompanying Consolidated Financial Statements, however, each of these subsidiaries’ assets and credit are not available to satisfy the debts and other obligations of the Company, any of its other subsidiaries or any other person or entity.

SUN COMMUNITIES, INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS


Long-term Debt Maturities

As of December 31, 2018,2019, the total of maturities and amortization of our debt (excluding premiums and discounts) and lines of credit during the next five years were as follows (in thousands):
Maturities and Amortization By YearMaturities and Amortization By Year
Total Due 2019 2020 2021 2022 2023 ThereafterTotal Due 2020 2021 2022 2023 2024 Thereafter
Mortgage loans payable:             
Mortgage loans payable             
Maturities$2,078,926
 $
 $58,078
 $270,680
 $82,155
 $307,465
 $1,360,548
$2,161,615
 $19,796
 $148,378
 $82,155
 $185,618
 $315,331
 $1,410,337
Principal amortization734,675
 58,164
 59,630
 58,843
 56,822
 53,437
 447,779
1,026,857
 60,723
 60,873
 61,326
 60,604
 57,082
 726,249
Secured borrowings107,731
 5,265
 5,746
 6,171
 6,379
 6,374
 77,796
Preferred Equity - Sun NG Resorts - mandatorily redeemable35,277
 
 
 
 35,277
 
 
35,249
 
 
 35,249
 
 
 
Preferred OP units - mandatorily redeemable37,338
 2,675
 
 
 
 
 34,663
34,663
 
 
 
 
 34,663
 
Lines of credit128,000
 
 
 128,000
 
 
 
183,898
 10,000
 13,293
 10,000
 150,605
 
 
Total$3,121,947
 $66,104
 $123,454
 $463,694
 $180,633
 $367,276
 $1,920,786
$3,442,282
 $90,519
 $222,544
 $188,730
 $396,827
 $407,076
 $2,136,586


Off-Balance Sheet Arrangements - Nonconsolidated Affiliate Indebtedness

We have a 40 percent investment in GTSC, a nonconsolidated affiliate. During September 2019, GTSC entered into a warehouse line of credit with a maximum loan amount of $125.0 million. As of December 31, 2019, the aggregate carrying amount of debt, including both our and our partners’ share, incurred by GTSC was approximately $123.4 million (of which our proportionate share is approximately $49.4 million). The debt bears interest at a variable rate based on LIBOR plus 1.65 percent per annum and matures on September 15, 2023.

10. Equity and Mezzanine SecuritiesTemporary Equity

Public Equity Offerings

In September 2018,May 2019, we closed an underwritten registered public offering of 5,060,0003,737,500 shares of common stock. Proceeds from the offering were $499.9$452.1 million after deducting expenses related to the offering. We used the net proceeds of this offering to repay borrowings under the revolving loan and the term loan under our senior credit facility. The Company intends to use the remaining net proceeds of this offering to fund possible future acquisitions and for working capital and general corporate purposes.

In May 2017, we closed an underwritten registered public offering of 4,830,000 shares of common stock. Proceeds from the offering were $408.9 million after deducting expenses related to the offering, which were used to repay borrowings outstanding under the revolving loan under our A&R Facility, fund acquisitions, working capital and general corporate purposes.senior credit facility.

At the Market Offering Sales Agreement

In July 2017, we entered into a new at the market offering sales agreement (the(as amended, the “Sales Agreement”) with certain sales agents (collectively, the “Sales Agents”), whereby we may offer and sell shares of our common stock, having an aggregate offering price of up to $450.0 million, from time to time through the Sales Agents. The Sales Agents are entitled to compensation in an agreed amount not to exceed 2.0 percent of the gross price per share for any shares sold from time to time under the Sales Agreement. Through December 31, 20182019 we have sold shares of our common stock for gross proceeds of $163.8 million under the Sales Agreement.
SUN COMMUNITIES, INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS


There was no issuance of common stock under the Sales Agreement in 2019. Issuances of common stock under the Sales Agreement through December 31, 2018, and 2017 were as follows:shown in the table below:
Quarter Ended Common Stock Issued Weighted Average Sales Price Net Proceeds (in Millions)
September 30, 2018 398,516
 $100.19
 $39.4
June 30, 2018 1,008,699
 $92.98
 $92.6
December 31, 2017 321,800
 $93.33
 $29.7
SUN COMMUNITIES, INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS


Quarter Ended 
Common stock
issued
 
Weighted average
sales price
 
Net proceeds
(in millions)
September 30, 2018 398,516
 $100.19
 $39.4
June 30, 2018 1,008,699
 $92.98
 $92.6
December 31, 2017 321,800
 $93.33
 $29.7

Issuances of common stock under our previous at the market offering sales agreement during 2017 and 2016 were as follows:
Quarter Ended Common Stock Issued Weighted Average Sales Price Net Proceeds (in Millions) 
Common stock
issued
 
Weighted average
sales price
 
Net proceeds
(in millions)
June 30, 2017 400,000
 $85.01
 $33.6
 400,000
 $85.01
 $33.6
March 31, 2017 280,502
 $76.47
 $21.2
 280,502
 $76.47
 $21.2
December 31, 2016 19,498
 $75.90
 $1.5
September 30, 2016 620,828
 $76.81
 $47.1
June 30, 2016 485,000
 $71.86
 $34.4


Temporary Equity

Equity Interests - NG Sun Whitewater RV LLC - In August 2019, in connection with the investment in land at the property known as Whitewater, NG Sun Whitewater LLC purchased $2.4 million of common equity interest in Sun NG Whitewater RV LLC Resorts (referred to as “Equity Interests - NG Sun Whitewater RV LLC”). The Equity Interests - NG Sun Whitewater RV LLC do not have a fixed maturity date and can be redeemed any time after the last day of the third full year that the RV park has been operated as a recreational vehicle park, or last day of the third full year that the RV park has been operated as a recreational vehicle park after the completion of the development of phase two (the “buy-sell trigger date”). Sun NG LLC, our subsidiary, has the right to terminate the agreement after the buy-sell trigger date. If either party exercises their option, the property management agreement will be terminated, and Sun NG LLC is required to purchase the remaining interests of NG Sun Whitewater LLC and the property management agreement at fair value. Refer to Note 3, “Real Estate Acquisitions,” and Note 8, “Consolidated Variable Interest Entities,” for additional information.

Issuance of Series D Preferred OP Units - In February 2019, we issued 488,958 Series D Preferred OP Units in connection with the acquisition of Country Village Estates. The Series D preferred OP units have a stated issuance price of $100.00 per OP Unit and carry a preferred return of 3.75 percent until the second anniversary of the issuance date. Commencing with the second anniversary of the issuance date, the Series D Preferred OP Units carry a preferred return of 4.0 percent. Commencing with the first anniversary of the issuance date, each Series D Preferred OP Unit can be exchanged for 0.8 shares of our common stock at the holder’s option. The holders may require redemption in cash after the fifth anniversary of the Series D issuance date or upon the holder’s death. Refer to Note 3, “Real Estate Acquisitions” for additional information.

Equity Interests - NG Sun LLC

- In June 2018, in connection with the investment in Sun NG Resorts, unrelated third parties purchased $6.5 million of Series B preferred equity interests and $15.4 million of common equity interest in Sun NG Resorts (herein jointly referred to as “Equity Interest - NG Sun LLC”). The Series B preferred equity interests carry a preferred return at a rate that, at any time, is equal to the interest rate on Sun NG Resorts’ indebtedness at such time. The current rate of return is 5.0 percent. The Equity Interests - NG Sun LLC do not have a fixed maturity date and can be redeemed in the fourth quarter of 2022 at the holders’ option. Sun NG LLC, our subsidiary, has the right during certain periods each year, with or without cause, or for cause at any time, to elect to buy NG Sun LLC’s interest. During a limited period in 2022, NG Sun LLC has the right to put its interest to Sun NG LLC. If either party exercises their option, the property management agreement will be terminated, and the Company is required to purchase the remaining interests of NG Sun LLC and the property management agreement at fair value. Refer to Note 3, “RealReal Estate Acquisitions,” Note 8, “ConsolidatedConsolidated Variable Interest Entities,” and Note 9, “DebtDebt and Lines of Credit”Credit for additional information.

Series A-4 Preferred OP Units

On December 13, 2019, all outstanding shares of the Company’s 6.50% Series A-4 Cumulative Convertible Preferred Stock, and all of the Operating Partnership’s Series A-4 Preferred OP Units, were converted into common stock and common OP units, respectively. All 1,031,747 shares of Series A-4 preferred stock were converted into 458,541 shares of common stock (net of fractional shares paid in cash). All 405,656 Series A-4 preferred OP units were converted into 180,277 common OP units (net of fractional units paid in cash). The Series A-4 preferred shares and units were issued to the sellers of the American Land Lease portfolio which we acquired in 2014 and 2015.

SUN COMMUNITIES, INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS


Issuances of Common Stock and Common OP Units

In July 2017, we issued 298,900 shares of common stock totaling $26.4 millionOctober 2019, in connection with the acquisition of Pismo Dunes.

In June 2017,the Jensen Portfolio, we issued a total1,972,876 shares of 23,311 common OP units for total considerationstock, net of $2.0 millionfractional shares paid in connection with acquisition activity during the three months ended June 30, 2017.cash.

Conversions

Conversions to Common Stock - Subject to certain limitations, holders can convert certain series of stock and OP units to shares of our common stock at any time. Below is the activity of conversions during 20182019 and 2017:2018:
   Year Ended
   Year Ended December 31, 2018 Year Ended December 31, 2017   December 31, 2019 December 31, 2018
Series Conversion Rate Units/SharesCommon Stock Units/SharesCommon Stock Conversion Rate Units/SharesCommon Stock Units/SharesCommon Stock
Common OP unit 1
 20,608
20,608
 36,055
36,055
 1.0000
 485,629
485,629
 20,608
20,608
Series A-1 preferred OP unit 2.439
 13,430
32,752
 21,919
53,456
 2.4390
 22,707
55,370
 13,430
32,752
Series A-4 preferred OP unit 0.4444
 13,765
6,116
 10,000
4,440
 0.4444
 4,708
2,092
 13,765
6,116
Series A-4 preferred stock 0.4444
 22,576
10,033
 158,036
70,238
 0.4444
 1,062,789
472,366
 22,576
10,033
Series C preferred OP unit 1.11
 1,919
2,130
 16,806
18,651
 1.1100
 4,014
4,455
 1,919
2,130


Conversions to Common OP Units - Subject to certain limitations, holders can convert certain series OP units to other series of OP units. There was no such conversion in 2018. Below is the activity of conversions during 2019:
  Year Ended
  December 31, 2019
Series Units/SharesCommon OP units
Series A-4 preferred OP units 405,656
180,277


Dividends

Dividend distributions declared for the quarter ended December 31, 20182019 are as follows:
Dividend Record DatePayment DateDistribution per ShareTotal Distribution (in Thousands)
Common Stock, Common OP units and Restricted Stock 12/31/20191/15/2020$0.75
$71,704

Dividend Record DatePayment DateDistribution per ShareTotal Distribution (in Thousands)
Common Stock, Common OP units and Restricted Stock 12/31/20181/15/2019$0.71
$63,249
Series A-4 Preferred Stock 12/14/201812/31/2018$0.40625
$432
SUN COMMUNITIES, INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS



Redemptions

If certain change of control transactions occur or if our common stock ceases to be listed or quoted on an exchange or quotation system, then at any time after November 26, 2019, we or the holders of shares of Series A-4 preferred stock and Series A-4 preferred OP units may cause all or any of those shares or units to be redeemed for cash at a redemption price equal to the sum of (i) the greater of (x) the amount that the redeemed shares of Series A-4 preferred stock and Series A-4 preferred OP units would have received in such transaction if they had been converted into shares of our common stock immediately prior to such transaction, or (y) $25.00 per share, plus (ii) any accrued and unpaid distributions thereon to, but not including, the redemption date.

In November 2017, we redeemed all of the outstanding shares of our 7.125% Series A Cumulative Redeemable Preferred Stock. Holders received a cash payment of $25.14349 per share which included accrued and unpaid dividends. In the aggregate, we paid $85.5 million to redeem all of the 3,400,000 outstanding shares.

In June 2017, we redeemed 438,448 shares of Series A-4 Preferred Stock and 200,000 shares of Series A-4 preferred OP units from Green Courte Real Estate Partners III, LLC, GCP Fund III REIT LLC and GCP Fund III Ancillary Holding, LLC (collectively, the “Green Courte Entities”) for total consideration of $24.7 million. Accrued dividends totaling $0.2 million were also paid in connection with the redemptions. The Green Courte Entities were the sellers of the American Land Lease portfolio which we acquired in 2014 and 2015.

Repurchase Program

In November 2004, our Board of Directors authorized us to repurchase up to 1,000,000 shares of our common stock. We have 400,000 common shares remaining in the repurchase program. No common shares were repurchased during 2018 or 2017. There is no expiration date specified for the repurchase program.

11. Share-Based Compensation

As of December 31, 2018,2019, we had two share-based compensation plans; the Sun Communities, Inc. 2015 Equity Incentive Plan (“2015 Equity Incentive Plan”) and the First Amended and Restated 2004 Non-Employee Director Option Plan (“2004 Non-Employee Director Option Plan”). We believe granting equity awards will provide certain executives, key employees and directors additional incentives to promote our financial success and promote employee and director retention by providing an opportunity to acquire or increase the direct proprietary interest of those individuals in our operations and future.

SUN COMMUNITIES, INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS


Restricted Stock

The majority of our share-based compensation is awarded as service vesting restricted stock grants to executives and key employees. We have also awarded restricted stock to our non-employee directors. We measure the fair value associated with these awards using the closing price of our common stock as of the grant date to calculate compensation cost. Employee awards typically vest over several years and are subject to continued employment by the employee. Award recipients receive distribution payments on unvested shares of restricted stock.

2015 Equity Incentive Plan

At the Annual Meeting of Stockholders held on July 20, 2015, the stockholders approved the 2015 Equity Plan. The 2015 Equity Plan had been adopted by the Board and was effective upon approval by our stockholders. The maximum number of shares of common stock that may be issued under the 2015 Equity Plan is 1,750,000 shares of our common stock, with 1,136,194974,864 shares remaining for future issuance.

2004 Non-Employee Director Option Plan

The director plan was approved by our stockholders at the Annual Meeting of Stockholders held on July 19, 2012. The director plan amended and restated in its entirety our 2004 Non-Employee Director Stock Option Plan. At the Annual Meeting of the Stockholders held on May 17, 2018, the stockholders approved the First Amendment to Sun Communities, Inc. First Amended and Restated 2004 Non-Employee Director Option Plan to increase the number of authorized shares under the plan by 200,000 shares.

SUN COMMUNITIES, INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS


The types of awards that may be granted under the director plan are options, restricted stock and OP units. Only non-employee directors are eligible to participate in the director plan. The maximum number of options, restricted stock and OP units that may be issued under the Director Plan is 375,000 shares, with 209,774191,774 shares remaining for future issuance.

During the year ended December 31, 20182019 and 2017,2018, shares were granted as follows:
AwardTypePlanShares GrantedGrant Date Fair Value Per Share Vesting TypeVesting AnniversaryPercentage
Grant PeriodTypePlanShares Granted Grant Date Fair Value Per Share Vesting TypeVesting Anniversary Percentage
2019Executive Officers2015 Equity Incentive Plan44,000
 $115.39
(1) 
Time Based20.0% annually over 5 years
2019Executive Officers2015 Equity Incentive Plan66,000
(2) 
$115.39
(2) 
Market Condition3rd 100.0%
2019Directors2004 Non-Employee Director Option Plan18,000
 $113.68
(1) 
Time Based3rd 100.0%
2019Key Employees2015 Equity Incentive Plan55,770
 $120.01
(1) 
Time Based20.0% annually over 5 years
2019Key Employees2015 Equity Incentive Plan6,250
 $142.48
(1) 
Time Based20.0% annually over 5 years
2018Key Employees2015 Equity Incentive Plan16,500
$88.30
(1)Time Based2nd35.0%Key Employees2015 Equity Incentive Plan16,500
 $88.30
(1) 
Time Based2nd 35.0%
    3rd35.0%     3rd 35.0%
    4th20.0%     4th 20.0%
    5th5.0%     5th 5.0%
    6th5.0%     6th 5.0%
2018Key Employees2015 Equity Incentive Plan50,100
$86.97
(1)Time Based20% annually over 5 yearsKey Employees2015 Equity Incentive Plan50,100
 $86.97
(1) 
Time Based20.0% annually over 5 years
2018Executive Officers2015 Equity Incentive Plan60,000
$87.24
(1)Time Based20% annually over 5 yearsExecutive Officers2015 Equity Incentive Plan60,000
 $87.24
(1) 
Time Based20.0% annually over 5 years
2018Executive Officers2015 Equity Incentive Plan90,000
$65.24
(2)Market Condition3rd100.0%Executive Officers2015 Equity Incentive Plan90,000
 $65.24
(3) 
Market Condition3rd 100.0%
2018Directors2004 Non-Employee Director Option Plan16,800
$85.28
(1)Time Based3rd100.0%Directors2004 Non-Employee Director Option Plan16,800
 $85.28
(1) 
Time Based3rd 100.0%
2017Key Employees2015 Equity Incentive Plan2,500
$84.18
(1)Time Based2nd35.0%
    3rd35.0%
    4th20.0%
    5th5.0%
    6th5.0%
2017Executive Officers2015 Equity Incentive Plan100,000
$79.30
(1)Time Based3rd20.0%
    4th30.0%
    5th35.0%
    6th10.0%
    7th5.0%
2017Executive Officers2015 Equity Incentive Plan100,000
$72.39
(3)Market & Performance ConditionsMultiple tranches through March 2022
2017Directors2004 Non-Employee Director Option Plan16,900
$79.64
(1)Time Based3rd100.0%
(1) Grant date fair value is measured based on the closing price of our common stock on the date(s) shares are issued.
(2) Share-based compensation for restricted stock awards with market and performance conditions is measured based on an estimate of shares expected to vest. We estimate the fair value of share-based compensation for restricted stock with market conditions using a Monte Carlo simulation. At the grant date, our common stock price was $115.39. Based on the Monte Carlo simulation we expect 75.1% of the 66,000 shares to vest.
(3) Share-based compensation for restricted stock awards with market conditions is measured based on an estimate of shares expected to vest. We estimate the fair value of share-based compensation for restricted stock with market conditions using a Monte Carlo simulation. At the grant date, our common stock price was $87.24. Based on the Monte Carlo simulation we expect 74.8% of the 90,000 shares to vest.
(3) Share-based compensation for restricted stock awards with market and performance conditions is measured based on an estimate of shares expected to vest. We estimate the fair value of share-based compensation for restricted stock with market conditions using a Monte Carlo simulation. At the grant date, our common stock price was $79.30. Based on the Monte Carlo simulation we expect 91.3% of the 100,000 shares to vest.


SUN COMMUNITIES, INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS


The following table summarizes our restricted stock activity for the years ended December 31, 2019, 2018, 2017, and 2016:2017:
Number of Shares Weighted Average Grant Date Fair ValueNumber of Shares Weighted Average Grant Date Fair Value
Unvested restricted shares at January 1, 2016813,260
 $50.59
Granted227,800
 $69.43
Vested(165,631) $45.90
Forfeited(33,795) $56.49
Unvested restricted shares at December 31, 2016841,634
 $56.38
Unvested restricted shares at January 1, 2017841,634
 $56.38
Granted219,400
 $79.38
219,400
 $79.38
Vested(196,412) $47.60
(196,412) $47.60
Forfeited(4,769) $56.43
(4,769) $56.43
Unvested restricted shares at December 31, 2017859,853
 $64.25
859,853
 $64.25
Granted233,400
 $87.12
233,400
 $87.12
Vested(214,111) $54.69
(214,111) $54.69
Forfeited(8,025) $72.16
(8,025) $72.16
Unvested restricted shares at December 31, 2018871,117
 $72.65
871,117
 $72.65
Granted190,020
 $117.47
Vested(237,406) $64.46
Forfeited(10,690) $79.58
Unvested restricted shares at December 31, 2019813,041
 $85.43


Total compensation cost recognized for restricted stock was $17.5 million, $15.1 million, $12.7 million, and $9.6$12.7 million for the years ended December 31, 2019, 2018, 2017, and 2016,2017, respectively. The total fair value of shares vested was $15.3 million, $11.7 million, $9.3 million, and $7.6$9.3 million for the years ended December 31, 2019, 2018 2017 and 2016,2017, respectively.

The remaining share-based compensation cost, net related to our unvested restricted shares outstanding as of December 31, 20182019 is approximately $37.5$39.0 million. The following table summarizes our expected share-based compensation cost, net related to our unvested restricted shares, in millions:
 2019 2020 2021 Thereafter
Expected share-based compensation costs, net$13.0
 $12.0
 $6.9
 $5.6
 2020 2021 2022 Thereafter
Expected share-based compensation costs, net$16.6
 $11.3
 $7.1
 $4.0


Options

During 2018, there2019, 1,500 non-employee director options exercised for net proceeds of less than $0.2 million. There were no non-employee director options exercised.exercised during 2018. At December 31, 2018, 3,0002019, 1,500 fully vested non-employee director options remained outstanding with an intrinsic value of $0.2less than $0.1 million. These options had a weighted average exercise price of $33.45$37.35 and a weighted average contractual term of 2.1approximately 1.6 years. No options have been granted, and there has been no compensation expense associated with non-vested stock option awards for the years ended December 31, 2019, 2018, 2017, or 2016.2017.

SUN COMMUNITIES, INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS


12. Segment Reporting

We group our operating segments into reportable segments that provide similar products and services. Each operating segment has discrete financial information evaluated regularly by our chief operating decision maker in evaluating and assessing performance. We have two reportable segments: (i) Real Property Operations and (ii) Home Sales and Rentals. The Real Property Operations segment owns, operates, has an interest in a portfolio, and develops MH communities and RV communities and is in the business of acquiring, operating, and expanding MH and RV communities. The Home Sales and Rentals segment offers manufactured home sales and leasing services to tenants and prospective tenants of our communities.

Transactions between our segments are eliminated in consolidation. Transient RV revenue is included in the Real Property Operations segment revenues and is approximately $106.2$132.3 million for the year ended December 31, 2018.2019. In 2018,2019, transient RV revenue was recognized 20.719.8 percent in the first quarter, 20.323.1 percent in the second quarter, 42.641.0 percent in the third quarter, and 16.416.1 percent in the fourth quarter.


SUN COMMUNITIES, INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS


A presentation of our segment financial information is summarized as follows (amounts in thousands):

 Year Ended
 December 31, 2019 December 31, 2018 December 31, 2017
 Real Property Operations 
Home Sales
and Rentals
 Consolidated Real Property Operations 
Home Sales
and Rentals
 Consolidated Real Property Operations 
Home Sales
and Rentals
 Consolidated
Revenues$992,545
 $239,508
 $1,232,053
 $880,080
 $219,688
 $1,099,768
 $779,739
 $177,957
 $957,696
Operating expenses / Cost of sales375,690
 156,352
 532,042
 330,695
 146,637
 477,332
 290,016
 117,274
 407,290
Net operating income / Gross profit616,855
 83,156
 700,011
 549,385
 73,051
 622,436
 489,723
 60,683
 550,406
Adjustments to arrive at net income / (loss)                 
Interest and other revenues, net31,984
 
 31,984
 27,057
 
 27,057
 24,875
 (1) 24,874
Home selling expenses
 (14,690) (14,690) 
 (15,722) (15,722) 
 (12,457) (12,457)
General and administrative expenses(82,320) (11,644) (93,964) (70,512) (10,917) (81,429) (74,548) (9,425) (83,973)
Catastrophic weather related charges, net(1,729) (8) (1,737) 140
 (232) (92) (7,856) (496) (8,352)
Depreciation and amortization(250,686) (77,381) (328,067) (218,617) (68,645) (287,262) (199,960) (61,576) (261,536)
Loss on extinguishment of debt(16,505) 
 (16,505) (1,190) 
 (1,190) (4,676) 
 (4,676)
Interest on mandatorily redeemable preferred OP units / equity(4,698) 
 (4,698) (3,694) 
 (3,694) (3,114) 
 (3,114)
Interest expense(133,125) (28) (133,153) (130,535) (21) (130,556) (128,456) (15) (128,471)
Gain / (loss) on remeasurement of marketable securities34,240
 
 34,240
 (3,639) 
 (3,639) 
 
 
Other income / (expense), net3,604
 (147) 3,457
 (6,414) (39) (6,453) 8,983
 (1) 8,982
Income from nonconsolidated affiliates
 1,374
 1,374
 
 790
 790
 
 
 
Current tax expense(746) (349) (1,095) (372) (223) (595) (62) (384) (446)
Deferred tax benefit222
 
 222
 507
 
 507
 582
 
 582
Net income / (loss)197,096
 (19,717) 177,379
 142,116
 (21,958) 120,158
 105,491
 (23,672) 81,819
Less: Preferred return to preferred OP units / equity(6,058) 
 (6,058) (4,486) 
 (4,486) (4,581) 
 (4,581)
Less: Amounts attributable to noncontrolling interests(10,659) 891
 (9,768) (9,512) 1,069
 (8,443) (6,319) 1,264
 (5,055)
Net income / (loss) attributable to Sun Communities, Inc.180,379
 (18,826) 161,553
 128,118
 (20,889) 107,229
 94,591
 (22,408) 72,183
Less: Preferred stock distribution(1,288) 
 (1,288) (1,736) 
 (1,736) (7,162) 
 (7,162)
Net income / (loss) attributable to Sun Communities, Inc. common stockholders$179,091
 $(18,826) $160,265
 $126,382
 $(20,889) $105,493
 $87,429
 $(22,408) $65,021
 Year Ended December 31, 2018
 Real Property Operations Home Sales and Home Rentals Consolidated
Revenues$880,080
 $219,688
 $1,099,768
Operating expenses / Cost of sales330,275
 146,432
 476,707
NOI / Gross profit549,805
 73,256
 623,061
Adjustments to arrive at net income / (loss):     
Interest and other revenues, net27,057
 
 27,057
Home selling expense
 (15,722) (15,722)
General and administrative(70,042) (11,396) (81,438)
Transaction costs(470) (2) (472)
Catastrophic weather related charges, net140
 (232) (92)
Depreciation and amortization(218,617) (68,645) (287,262)
Loss on extinguishment of debt(2,657) 
 (2,657)
Interest(129,068) (21) (129,089)
Interest on mandatorily redeemable preferred OP units(3,694) 
 (3,694)
Remeasurement of marketable securities(3,639) 
 (3,639)
Other expense, net(6,414) (39) (6,453)
Income from nonconsolidated affiliates
 646
 646
Current tax expense(372) (223) (595)
Deferred tax benefit507
 
 507
Net income / (loss)142,536
 (22,378) 120,158
Less: Preferred return to preferred OP units4,486
 
 4,486
Less:  Amounts attributable to noncontrolling interests9,532
 (1,089) 8,443
Net income / (loss) attributable to Sun Communities, Inc.128,518
 (21,289) 107,229
Less:  Preferred stock distributions1,736
 
 1,736
Net income / (loss) attributable to Sun Communities, Inc. common stockholders$126,782
 $(21,289) $105,493



SUN COMMUNITIES, INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS


 Year Ended December 31, 2017
 Real Property Operations Home Sales and Home Rentals Consolidated
Revenues$779,739
 $177,957
 $957,696
Operating expenses / Cost of sales290,002
 117,228
 407,230
NOI / Gross profit489,737
 60,729
 550,466
Adjustments to arrive at net income / (loss):     
Interest and other revenues, net24,875
 (1) 24,874
Home selling expenses
 (12,457) (12,457)
General and administrative(64,735) (9,497) (74,232)
Transaction costs(9,812) 11
 (9,801)
Catastrophic weather related charges, net(7,856) (496) (8,352)
Depreciation and amortization(199,960) (61,576) (261,536)
Loss on extinguishment of debt(6,019) 
 (6,019)
Interest(127,113) (15) (127,128)
Interest on mandatorily redeemable preferred OP units(3,114) 
 (3,114)
Other income / (expense), net8,983
 (1) 8,982
Current tax expense(62) (384) (446)
Deferred tax benefit582
 
 582
Net income / (loss)105,506
 (23,687) 81,819
Less: Preferred return to preferred OP units4,581
 
 4,581
Less:  Amounts attributable to noncontrolling interests6,319
 (1,264) 5,055
Net income / (loss) attributable to Sun Communities, Inc.94,606
 (22,423) 72,183
Less:  Preferred stock distribution7,162
 
 7,162
Net income / (loss) attributable to Sun Communities, Inc. common stockholders$87,444
 $(22,423) $65,021






















SUN COMMUNITIES, INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS


 Year Ended December 31, 2016
 Real Property Operations Home Sales and Home Rentals Consolidated
Revenues$654,341
 $158,287
 $812,628
Operating expenses / Cost of sales241,363
 104,781
 346,144
Net operating income / Gross profit412,978
 53,506
 466,484
Adjustments to arrive at net income / (loss):     
Interest and other revenues, net21,150
 
 21,150
Home selling expenses
 (9,744) (9,744)
General and administrative(55,481) (8,181) (63,662)
Transaction costs(31,863) (51) (31,914)
Catastrophic weather related charges, net(1,147) (25) (1,172)
Depreciation and amortization(166,296) (55,474) (221,770)
Loss on extinguishment of debt(1,127) 
 (1,127)
Interest(119,150) (13) (119,163)
Interest on mandatorily redeemable preferred OP units(3,152) 
 (3,152)
Other expenses, net(4,675) (1) (4,676)
Income from nonconsolidated affiliates500
 
 500
Current tax expense(471) (212) (683)
Deferred tax benefit400
 
 400
Net income / (loss)51,666
 (20,195) 31,471
Less: Preferred return to preferred OP units5,006
 
 5,006
Less: Amounts attributable to noncontrolling interests1,455
 (1,305) 150
Net income / (loss) attributable to Sun Communities, Inc.45,205
 (18,890) 26,315
Less: Preferred stock distribution8,946
 
 8,946
Net income / (loss) attributable to Sun Communities, Inc. common stockholders$36,259
 $(18,890) $17,369


 December 31, 2018 December 31, 2017
 Real Property Operations Home Sales and Home Rentals Consolidated Real Property Operations Home Sales and Home Rentals Consolidated
Identifiable assets:           
Investment property, net$5,586,444
 $531,872
 $6,118,316
 $5,172,521
 $472,833
 $5,645,354
Cash and cash equivalents24,343
 25,968
 50,311
 (7,649) 17,776
 10,127
Inventory of manufactured homes
 49,199
 49,199
 
 30,430
 30,430
Notes and other receivables, net145,673
 14,404
 160,077
 149,798
 13,698
 163,496
Collateralized receivables, net106,924
 
 106,924
 128,246
 
 128,246
Other assets, net189,064
 36,135
 225,199
 130,455
 3,849
 134,304
Total assets$6,052,448
 $657,578
 $6,710,026
 $5,573,371
 $538,586
 $6,111,957


SUN COMMUNITIES, INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS


 December 31, 2019 December 31, 2018
 Real Property Operations Home Sales and Rentals Consolidated Real Property Operations Home Sales and Rentals Consolidated
Identifiable assets           
Investment property, net$6,651,275
 $581,345
 $7,232,620
 $5,586,444
 $531,872
 $6,118,316
Cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash(8,346) 43,176
 34,830
 36,294
 25,968
 62,262
Marketable securities94,727
 
 94,727
 49,037
 
 49,037
Inventory of manufactured homes
 62,061
 62,061
 
 49,199
 49,199
Notes and other receivables, net142,509
 15,417
 157,926
 145,673
 14,404
 160,077
Collateralized receivables, net
 
 
 106,924
 
 106,924
Other assets, net167,804
 52,092
 219,896
 128,076
 36,135
 164,211
Total assets$7,047,969
 $754,091
 $7,802,060
 $6,052,448
 $657,578
 $6,710,026

13. Income Taxes

We have elected to be taxed as a REIT pursuant to Section 856(c) of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended (“Code”). In order for us to qualify as a REIT, at least 95.0 percent of our gross income in any year must be derived from qualifying sources. In addition, a REIT must distribute annually at least 90.0 percent of its REIT taxable income (calculated without any deduction for dividends paid and excluding capital gain) to its stockholders and meet other tests.

Qualification as a REIT involves the satisfaction of numerous requirements (on an annual and quarterly basis) established under highly technical and complex Code provisions for which there are limited judicial or administrative interpretations and involves the determination of various factual matters and circumstances not entirely within our control. In addition, frequent changes occur in the area of REIT taxation, which requires us to continually monitor our tax status. We analyzed the various REIT tests and confirmed that we continued to qualify as a REIT for the year ended December 31, 2018.2019.

As a REIT, we generally will not be subject to U.S. federal income taxes at the corporate level on the ordinary taxable income we distribute to our stockholders as dividends. If we fail to qualify as a REIT in any taxable year, our taxable income could be subject to U.S. federal income tax at regular corporate rates (including any applicable alternative minimum tax (“AMT”) in 2017 as AMT is no longer applicable for years beginning after 2017). Even if we qualify as a REIT, we may be subject to certain state and local income taxes as well as U.S. federal income and excise taxes on our undistributed income. In addition, taxable income from non-REIT activities managed through taxable REIT subsidiaries (“TRSs”) is subject to federal, state and local income taxes. The Company is also subject to income taxes in Canada as a result of the acquisition of Carefree in 2016 and in Australia as a result of our investment in Ingenia Communities Group in 2018. We do not provide for withholding taxes on our undistributed earnings from our Canadian subsidiaries as they are reinvested and will continue to be reinvested indefinitely outside the United States. However, we did incur $0.2 million of withholding taxes on distributions from our investment in Ingenia Communities Group.

For income tax purposes, distributions paid to common stockholders consist of ordinary income, capital gains, and return of capital. For the years ended December 31, 2019, 2018, 2017, and 2016,2017, distributions paid per share were taxable as follows (unaudited / rounded):

Years Ended December 31,Year Ended
2018 2017 2016December 31, 2019 December 31, 2018 December 31, 2017
Amount Percentage Amount Percentage Amount PercentageAmount Percentage Amount Percentage Amount Percentage
Ordinary income (1)
$1.58
 56.4% $0.83
 31.2% $0.81
 31.2%$1.66
 56.0% $1.58
 56.4% $0.83
 31.2%
Capital gain0.13
 4.8% 
 % 0.51
 19.6%
 % 0.13
 4.8% 
 %
Return of capital1.09
 38.8% 1.83
 68.8% 1.28
 49.2%1.30
 44.0% 1.09
 38.8% 1.83
 68.8%
Total distributions declared$2.80
 100.0% $2.66
 100.0% $2.60
 100.0%$2.96
 100.0% $2.80
 100.0% $2.66
 100.0%

(1) 100%98.8276%% of the ordinary taxable dividend qualifies as Section 199A dividend for 2018.2019 and 1.1724% of the ordinary taxable dividend qualifies as a Qualified Dividend for 2019.

On December 22, 2017, the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act of 2017 (the “Tax Act”) was signed into law. Under the Tax Act, the corporate income tax rate is reduced from a maximum marginal rate of 35.0 percent to a flat 21.0 percent. In accordance with ASC 740, “Accounting for Income Taxes,” entities are required to recognizewe recognized the effect of tax law changes in the period of enactment even though the effective date of most provisions of the Tax Act was January 1, 2018. Although the Staff Accounting Bulletin (“SAB”) No. 118, “Income Tax Accounting Implications of the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act,” allows entities to record provisional amounts during a measurement period, it is our view that we have obtained the necessary information available to prepare and analyze (including computations) in reasonable detail the accounting for the change in tax law as noted below.

SUN COMMUNITIES, INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS


The components of our provision / (benefit) for income taxes attributable to continuing operations for the year ended December 31, 20182019 and 20172018 are as follows (amounts in thousands):
SUN COMMUNITIES, INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS


 Year Ended
 Year Ended 
 December 31, 2018
 Year Ended 
 December 31, 2017
 December 31, 2019 December 31, 2018
Federal        
Current $(102) $(181) $(3) $(102)
State and Local        
Current 701
 675
 919
 701
Deferred 11
 (11) 
 11
Foreign        
Current (4) (48) 179
 (4)
Deferred (518) (571) (222) (518)
 


    
Total Provision / (Benefit) $88
 $(136)
Total (benefit) / provision $873
 $88


A reconciliation of the provision / (benefit) for income taxes with the amount computed by applying the statutory federal income tax rate to income before provision for income taxes for the year ended December 31, 20182019 and 20172018 is as follows (amounts in thousands):

 Year Ended
 Year Ended 
 December 31, 2018
 Year Ended 
 December 31, 2017
 December 31, 2019 December 31, 2018
Pre-tax loss attributable to taxable subsidiaries $(7,299)   $(17,404)   $(4,122)   $(7,299)  
                
Federal provision / (benefit) at statutory tax rate (1,534) 21.0 % (5,918) 34.0 %
Federal (benefit) / provision at statutory tax rate (866) 21.0 % (1,534) 21.0 %
State and local taxes, net of federal benefit 
  % (3)  % 42
 (1.0)% 
  %
Alternative minimum tax 
  % 
  % 
  % 
  %
Rate differential (112) 1.5 % 318
 (1.8)% (73) 1.8 % (112) 1.5 %
Change in valuation allowance 2,885
 (39.5)% (21,322) 122.5 % 526
 (12.7)% 2,885
 (39.5)%
Change in deferred tax asset 
  % 25,885
 (148.7)% 
  % 
  %
Others (1,576) 21.6 % 360
 (2.1)% 692
 (16.8)% (1,576) 21.6 %
Tax (benefit) / provision - taxable subsidiaries (337) 4.6 % (680) 3.9 % 321
 (7.7)% (337) 4.6 %
Other state taxes - flow through subsidiaries 425
   544
   552
   425
  
Total provision / (benefit) $88
   $(136)  
Total (benefit) / provision $873
   $88
  


Our deferred tax assets and liabilities reflect the impact of temporary differences between the amounts of assets and liabilities for financial reporting purposes and the bases of such assets and liabilities as measured by tax laws. Deferred tax assets are reduced, if necessary, by a valuation allowance to the amount where realization is more likely than not assured after considering all available evidence. Our temporary differences primarily relate to net operating loss carryforwards, and depreciation and basis differences between tax and U.S. GAAP.

At December 31, 2017, we re-measured the deferred tax assets and liabilities of our U.S. TRSs to reflect the effect of the enacted change in the tax rate under the Tax Act. We have also considered the new tax rate in assessing the need for and change to our existing valuation allowance and adjusted accordingly. Since we have recorded a full valuation allowance against substantially all of our deferred tax assets related to the U.S. TRSs, no material impact on the net deferred tax asset and the provision for income taxes was noted.

SUN COMMUNITIES, INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS


The deferred tax assets and liabilities included in the consolidated balance sheets are comprised of the following tax effects of temporary differences and based on the Tax Act (amounts in thousands):
As of December 31,As of
2018 2017December 31, 2019 December 31, 2018
Deferred Tax Assets      
NOL carryforwards$18,071
 $19,739
$18,009
 $18,071
Depreciation and basis differences28,140
 23,523
28,787
 28,140
Other784
 1,272
395
 784
Gross deferred tax assets46,995
 44,534
47,191
 46,995
Valuation allowance(44,817) (41,932)(45,342) (44,817)
Net deferred tax assets2,178
 2,602
1,849
 2,178
      
Deferred Tax Liabilities      
Basis differences - foreign investment(22,406) (25,114)(22,813) (22,406)
Gross deferred tax liabilities(22,406) (25,114)(22,813) (22,406)
      
Net Deferred Tax Liability (1)
$(20,228) $(22,512)$(20,964) $(20,228)


(1) Net deferred tax liability is included within Other liabilities in our Consolidated Balance Sheets.

SHS hadOur U.S. TRS operating loss carryforwards of $73.6are $75.3 million, or $15.6 million after tax, including SHS loss carryforwards of $73.0 million, or $15.3 million after tax, as of December 31, 2018.2019. The loss carryforwards will begin to expire in 2023 through 2035 if not offset by future taxable income. In addition, our Canadian subsidiaries have operating loss carryforwards of $9.3$9.1 million, or $2.5$2.4 million after tax, as of December 31, 2018.2019. The loss carryforwards will begin to expire in 2033 through 2038 if not offset by future taxable income.

We had no0 unrecognized tax benefits as of December 31, 20182019 and 2017.2018. We expect no0 significant increases or decreases in unrecognized tax benefits due to changes in tax positions within one year of December 31, 2018.2019.

We classify certain state taxes as income taxes for financial reporting purposes. We recorded a provision for state income taxes of $0.9 million for the year ended December 31, 2019, $0.7 million for the year ended December 31, 2018, and $0.7 million for the year ended December 31, 2017, and $0.4 million for the year ended December 31, 2016.2017.

As previously noted, certain of our subsidiaries are subject to income taxes in the U.S. and various state jurisdictions. Tax regulations within each jurisdiction are subject to the interpretation of the related tax laws and regulations and require application of significant judgment. With few exceptions, we are no longer subject to U.S. federal, state and local, examinations by tax authorities for the tax years ended December 31, 2011 and prior. In addition, our Canadian subsidiaries are subject to taxes in Canada and in the province of Ontario. We are no longer subject to examination by the Canadian tax authorities for the tax years ended December 31, 2012 and prior.

Our policy is to report income tax penalties and income tax related interest expense as a component of income tax expense. No interest or penalty associated with any unrecognized income tax benefit or provision was accrued, nor was any income tax related interest or penalty recognized during the years ended December 31, 2019, 2018 2017 and 2016.2017.

In 2017, SHS underwent an audit by the Internal Revenue Service for the 2015 tax year. Upon conclusion of the audit, no adjustment was required.



SUN COMMUNITIES, INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS


14. Earnings Per Share

We have outstanding stock options and unvested restricted common shares, and Series A-4 preferred stock, and ourshares. Our Operating Partnership has outstanding common OP units, Series A-1 preferred OP units, Series A-3 preferred OP units, Series A-4C preferred OP units, Series CD preferred OP units and Aspen preferred OP Units, which, if converted or exercised, may impact dilution.

Computations of basic and diluted earnings per share were as follows (in thousands, except per share data):

  Year Ended
  December 31, 2019 December 31, 2018 December 31, 2017
Numerator      
Net Income attributable to Sun Communities, Inc. common stockholders $160,265
 $105,493
 $65,021
Less allocation to restricted stock awards (1,170) (831) (455)
Basic earnings - Net income attributable to common stockholders after allocation to restricted stock awards $159,095
 $104,662
 $64,566
Add allocation to restricted stock awards 1,170
 831
 455
Diluted earnings - Net income attributable to common stockholders after allocation to restricted stock awards $160,265
 $105,493
 $65,021
  Year Ended December 31,
  2018 2017 2016
Numerator      
Net income attributable to common stockholders $105,493
 $65,021
 $17,369
Allocation to restricted stock awards (831) (455) 115
Basic earnings: net income attributable to common stockholders after allocation $104,662
 $64,566
 $17,484
Allocation of income to restricted stock awards 831
 455
 (115)
Diluted earnings: net income attributable to common stockholders after allocation $105,493
 $65,021
 $17,369
Denominator      
Weighted average common shares outstanding 81,387
 76,084
 65,856
Add: dilutive stock options 2
 2
 8
Add: dilutive restricted stock 651
 625
 457
Diluted weighted average common shares and securities 82,040
 76,711
 66,321
Earnings per share available to common stockholders after allocation:      
Basic $1.29
 $0.85
 $0.27
Diluted $1.29
 $0.85
 $0.26
Denominator    
  
Weighted average common shares outstanding 88,460
 81,387
 76,084
Add: dilutive stock options 1
 2
 2
Add: dilutive restricted stock 454
 651
 625
Diluted weighted average common shares and securities 88,915
 82,040
 76,711
Earnings per share available to common stockholders after allocation      
Basic earnings per share $1.80
 $1.29
 $0.85
Diluted earnings per share $1.80
 $1.29
 $0.85


We have excluded certain securities from the computation of diluted earnings per share because the inclusion of these securities would have been anti-dilutive for the periods presented. The following table presents the outstanding securities that were excluded from the computation of diluted earnings per share for the years ended December 31, 2019, 2018 2017and 20162017 (amounts in thousands):

Year Ended December 31, Year Ended
2018 2017 2016 December 31, 2019 December 31, 2018 December 31, 2017
Common OP units2,726
 2,746
 2,759
 2,420
 2,726
 2,746
Series A-1 preferred OP units332
 345
 367
Series A-3 preferred OP units40
 40
 40
Series A-4 preferred OP units410
 424
 634
Series A-4 preferred stock1,063
 1,085
 1,682
 
 1,063
 1,085
A-3 preferred OP units 40
 40
 40
A-1 preferred OP units 309
 332
 345
A-4 preferred OP units 
 410
 424
Aspen preferred OP units 1,284
 1,284
 1,284
Series C preferred OP units314
 316
 333
 310
 314
 316
Aspen preferred OP units1,284
 1,284
 1,284
Series D preferred OP units 489
 
 
Total securities6,169
 6,240
 7,099
 4,852
 6,169
 6,240


SUN COMMUNITIES, INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS


15. Selected Quarterly Financial Information (Unaudited)

The following is a condensed summary of our unaudited quarterly results for years ended December 31,2019 and 2018 and 2017. Income(in thousands, except per share data):
  2019 Quarters 2018 Quarters
  March 31, 2019 June 30, 2019 September 30, 2019 December 31, 2019 March 31, 2018 June 30, 2018 September 30, 2018 December 31, 2018
Total Revenues $287,330
 $312,445
 $362,443
 $301,819
 $257,975
 $271,434
 $323,413
 $274,003
Total Expenses 252,759
 272,273
 305,989
 293,835
 221,871
 245,125
 273,119
 257,162
Income Before Other Items $34,571
 $40,172
 $56,454
 $7,984
 $36,104
 $26,309
 $50,294
 $16,841
                 
Net Income attributable to Sun Communities, Inc. common stockholders $34,331
 $40,385
 $57,002
 $28,547
 $29,986
 $20,408
 $46,060
 $9,039
                 
Earnings per share (1)
                
Basic earnings per share $0.40
 $0.46
 $0.63
 $0.31
 $0.38
 $0.25
 $0.56
 $0.11
Diluted earnings per share $0.40
 $0.46
 $0.63
 $0.31
 $0.38
 $0.25
 $0.56
 $0.11

(1) Earnings per share for the year may not equal the sum of the fiscal quarters’ incomeearnings per share due to changes in basic and diluted shares outstanding.
  Quarters
  1st 2nd 3rd 4th
  (In thousands, except per share amounts)
2018        
Total Revenues $257,975
 $271,434
 $323,412
 $274,004
Total Expenses 221,871
 245,091
 273,040
 257,131
Income before other items $36,104
 $26,343
 $50,372
 $16,873
         
Net Income Attributable to Sun Communities, Inc. Common Stockholders $29,986
 $20,408
 $46,060
 $9,039
         
Earnings per share:        
Basic $0.38
 $0.25
 $0.56
 $0.11
Diluted $0.38
 $0.25
 $0.56
 $0.11
         
         
2017        
Total Revenues $234,400
 $237,899
 $268,245
 $242,026
Total Expenses 209,816
 222,452
 242,751
 234,850
Income before other items $24,584
 $15,447
 $25,494
 $7,176
         
Net Income Attributable to Sun Communities, Inc. Common Stockholders $21,104
 $12,364
 $24,115
 $7,438
         
Earnings per share:        
Basic $0.29
 $0.16
 $0.31
 $0.09
Diluted $0.29
 $0.16
 $0.31
 $0.09






16. Fair Value of Financial Instruments

Our financial instruments consist primarily of cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash, marketable securities, accounts and notes receivable, accounts payable, and debt.

ASC Topic 820 Fair Value Measurements and Disclosures, requires disclosure about howregarding determination of fair value is determined for assets and liabilities and establishes a hierarchy under which these assets and liabilities must be grouped, based on significant levels of observable or unobservable inputs. Observable inputs reflect market data obtained from independent sources, while unobservable inputs reflect the Company’s market assumption. This hierarchy requires the use of observable market data when available. These two types of inputs have created the following fair value hierarchy:

Level 1—Quoted unadjusted prices for identical instruments in active markets;

Level 2—Quoted prices for similar instruments in active markets, quoted prices for identical or similar instruments in markets that are not active and model-derived valuations in which all significant inputs and significant value drivers are observable in active markets; and

Level 3—Valuations derived from valuation techniques in which one or more significant inputs or significant value drivers are unobservable.

We utilize fair value measurements to record fair value adjustments to certain assets and liabilities and to determine fair value disclosures. The following methods and assumptions were used in order to estimate the fair value of each class of financial instruments for which it is practicable to estimate that value:

SUN COMMUNITIES, INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS


Marketable Securities

In November 2018, we purchased marketable securities on the Australian Securities Exchange (“ASX”) for total consideration of $54 million US. The marketableMarketable securities held by us and accounted for under the ASC 321 “Investment Equity Securities” are measured at fair value. Any change in fair value is recognized in the Consolidated Statement of Operations in Remeasurement of marketable securities in accordance with ASU 2016-01 “Financial Instruments - Overall (Subtopic 825-10): Recognition and measurement of financial assets and financial liabilities.” The fair value is measured by the quoted unadjusted share price of which is readily available in active markets (Level 1).

Installment Notes Receivable on Manufactured Homes

The net carrying value of the installment notes receivable on manufactured homes estimates the fair value as the interest rates in the portfolio are comparable to current prevailing market rates (Level 2). Refer Note 5, “NotesNotes and Other Receivables.Receivables.

Notes Receivable from Real Estate Developers

The net carrying value of the notes receivable from real estate developers estimates the fair value as the interest rates in the portfolio are comparable to current prevailing market rates (Level 2). Refer Note 5, “Notes and Other Receivables.”

Long Term Debt and Lines of Credit

The fair value of long-term debt (excluding the secured borrowing) is based on the estimates of management and on rates currently quoted, rates currently prevailing for comparable loans, and instruments of comparable maturities (Level 2). Refer to Note 9, “DebtDebt and Lines of Credit.Credit.

Collateralized Receivables and Secured Borrowing

The fair value of these financial instruments offset each other as our collateralized receivables represent a transfer of financial assets and the cash proceeds received from these transactions have been classified as a secured borrowing on the Consolidated Balance Sheets. The net carrying value of the collateralized receivables estimates the fair value as the interest rates in the portfolio are comparable to current prevailing market rates (Level 2). Refer to Note 4, “CollateralizedCollateralized Receivables and Transfers of Financial Assets.Assets.

Financial Liabilities

We estimate the fair value of our contingent consideration liability based on discounting of future cash flows using market interest rates and adjusting for non-performancenonperformance risk over the remaining term of the liability (Level 2).
SUN COMMUNITIES, INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS



Other Financial Instruments

The carrying values of cash and cash equivalents, accounts receivable, and accounts payable approximate their fair market values due to the short-term nature of thesethose instruments.

SUN COMMUNITIES, INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS


The table below sets forth our financial assets and liabilities that required disclosure of their fair valuesvalue on a recurring basis as of December 31, 2018.2019. The table presents the carrying values and fair values of our financial instruments as of December 31, 20182019 and December 31, 20172018, that were measured using the valuation techniques described above (in thousands). The table excludes other financial instruments such as cash and cash equivalents, and restricted cash, accounts receivable, and accounts payable as the carrying values associated with these instruments approximate fair value since their maturities are less than one year.

 December 31, 2018 December 31, 2017 December 31, 2019 December 31, 2018
Financial assets Carrying Value Fair Value Carrying Value Fair Value Carrying Value Fair Value Carrying Value Fair Value
Marketable securities $49,037
 $49,037
 $
 $
 $94,727
 $94,727
 $49,037
 $49,037
Installment notes receivable on manufactured homes, net $112,798
 $112,798
 $115,797
 $115,797
 95,580
 95,580
 112,798
 112,798
Collateralized receivables, net $106,924
 $106,924
 $128,246
 $128,246
 
 
 106,924
 106,924
Notes receivable from real estate developers 18,960
 18,960
 
 
Total $209,267
 $209,267
 $268,759
 $268,759
        
Financial liabilities                
Debt (excluding secured borrowings) $2,888,572
 $2,757,649
 $2,908,799
 $2,726,770
 $3,250,504
 $3,270,544
 $2,888,572
 $2,757,649
Secured borrowings $107,731
 $107,731
 $129,182
 $129,182
 
 
 107,731
 107,731
Lines of credit $128,000
 $128,000
 $41,257
 $41,257
 183,898
 183,898
 128,000
 128,000
Other liabilities (contingent consideration) $4,640
 $4,640
 $6,976
 $6,976
 6,134
 6,134
 4,640
 4,640
Total $3,440,536
 $3,460,576
 $3,128,943
 $2,998,020


17. Recent Accounting Pronouncements

Recent Accounting Pronouncements - Adopted

In February 2016, the FASB issued ASC 2016-02 codified in ASC Topic 842, Leases, which amends the guidance in former ASC Topic 840, Leases. On January 1, 2018,2019, we adopted ASC 2016-02. The new standard increases transparency and comparability most significantly by requiring the recognition by lessees of right of-use (“ROU”) assets and lease liabilities on the balance sheet for those leases classified as operating leases and disclose key information about leasing arrangements. As amended by ASU 2014-09 “Revenue from Contracts2018-11, comparative reporting periods are presented in accordance with Customers (Topic 606).” ReferTopic 840, while periods subsequent to Note 2, “Revenue”the effective date are presented in accordance with Topic 842. The Company elected the package of practical expedients, which permits the Company not to reassess expired or existing contracts containing a lease, the lease classification for information regardingexpired or existing contracts, initial direct costs for any existing leases. The Company elected not to allocate lease obligation between lease and non-lease components of our adoptionagreements for both leases where we are a lessor and leases where we are a lessee. The Company did not elect the hindsight practical expedient, which permits the company to use hindsight in determining the lease terms and impairment implications. The Company did not elect to use a portfolio approach in the valuation of this guidance.ROU assets and corresponding liabilities. Some ROU assets include an extension option, which is included in the ROU assets and liabilities only if we are reasonably certain to exercise.

On January 1, 2018 we adopted ASU 2017-09 “Compensation - Stock Compensation (Topic 718): Scope of Modification Accounting.” This update provided clarity and reduced both diversity in practice and cost and complexity when applying the guidance in Topic 718, Compensation - Stock Compensation, regarding a change to the terms or conditions of a share-based payment award. There was no initial impact that resulted from adoption of this guidance; it will be applied should a modification occur.Lessor Accounting

On January 1, 2018,Our income from real property and rental home revenue streams are derived from rental agreements where we adopted ASU 2017-01 “Business Combinations (Topic 805): Clarifyingare the Definitionlessor. Our recognition of a Business.” This update clarifiedrental revenue remains mainly consistent with previous guidance, apart from the narrower definition of initial direct costs that can be capitalized. ASC 842 limits the definition of initial direct costs to only the incremental costs of signing a business withlease. Internal sales employees’ compensation, payroll-related fringe benefits, certain legal fees rendered prior to the objectiveexecution of adding guidance to assist entities with evaluating whether transactions shoulda lease, negotiation costs, advertising and other origination effort costs no longer meet the definition of initial direct costs under the new standard, and will be accounted for as acquisitions (or disposals)general and administrative expense in our consolidated statements of assets or businesses.operations. ASC 842 permits the capitalization of direct commission costs. The definitionapplication of a business affects many areasASC 842 resulted in an immaterial impact on the statement of accounting including acquisitions, disposals, goodwill, and consolidation.consolidated operations.

Under previous guidance, substantially all of our property acquisitions were accounted forOur leases with customers are classified as business combinations with identifiable assets and liabilities measured at fair value, and acquisition related costs expensed as incurred.

With the adoption of ASU 2017-01, substantially all of our future property acquisitions are accounted for as asset acquisitions. We allocate the purchase price of these propertiesoperating leases. Lease income from tenants is recognized on a relative fair valuestraight-line basis and capitalize direct acquisition related costs as partover the terms of the purchase price. Acquisitions costs that do not meetrelevant lease agreement and is included within income from real property, rental home revenue and ancillary revenue on the criteria to be capitalized will be expensed as incurred and presented as General and administrative costs in our Consolidated Statements of Operations.

On January 1, 2018, we adopted ASU 2016-18 “Statement of Cash Flows (Topic 230): Restricted Cash.” This update required inclusion of restricted Revenue is not recognized when collection is not reasonably assured. When collectability is not reasonably assured, the resident is placed on non-accrual status and revenue is recognized when cash and restricted cash equivalents with cash and cash equivalents when reconciling the beginning-of-period and end-of-period total amounts shown on the statement of cash flows.payments are received.

SUN COMMUNITIES, INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS


Lessee Accounting

We determine if an arrangement is a lease at inception. Our restricted cash consists of amountsoperating lease agreements are primarily held in deposit for tax, insuranceexecutive office spaces, ground leases at certain communities, and repair escrows held by lenders in accordance with certain debt agreements. Restricted cash isequipment leases. The ROU asset and ROU liabilities are included as a component ofwithin Other assets, net and Other liabilities on the Consolidated Balance Sheets. ChangesFor operating leases with a term greater than one year, the company recognizes the ROU assets and liabilities related to the lease payments on the Consolidated Balance Sheets. The lease liabilities are initially and subsequently measured at the present value of the unpaid lease payments at the lease commencement date. The ROU assets represent our right to use the underlying assets for the term of the lease and the lease liabilities represent our obligation to make lease payments arising for the agreements. The ROU asset is initially measured at cost, which comprises the initial amount of the lease liability adjusted for lease payments made at or before the lease commencement date, plus any initial direct costs incurred less any lease incentives received. The ROU asset is subsequently measured throughout the lease term at the carrying amount of the lease liability, plus unamortized initial direct costs, plus (minus) any prepaid (accrued) lease payments, less the unamortized balance of lease incentives received. Lease expense for lease payments is recognized on a straight-line basis over the lease term. The ROU asset is periodically reduced by impairment losses. As of December 31, 2019, we have not encountered any impairment losses. Variable lease payments, except for the ones that depend on index or rate, are excluded from the calculation of the ROU assets and lease liabilities and are recognized as variable lease expense in restricted cash are reported in ourthe Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows as operating, investing or financing activitiesOperations in the period in which they are incurred. As most of our leases do not provide an implicit rate, we use our incremental borrowing rate based on the natureinformation available at commencement date in determining the present value of lease payments. Many of our lessee agreements include options to extend the lease, which we do not include in our minimum lease terms unless they are reasonably certain to be exercised. The lease liability costs are amortized over the straight-line method over the term of the lease. Operating leases with a term of less than one year are recognized as a lease expense over the term of the lease, with no asset or liability recognized on the Consolidated Balance Sheets. Finance leases where we are the lessee are included in Other assets, net and Other liabilities on our Consolidated Balance Sheets. The lease liabilities are initially measured in the same manner as operating leases and are subsequently measured at amortized cost using the effective interest method. The ROU asset is initially measured at cost, which comprises the initial amount of the lease liability adjusted for lease payments made at or before the lease commencement date, plus any initial direct costs incurred less any lease incentives received.

For finance leases the ROU asset is subsequently amortized using the straight-line method from the lease commencement date to the earlier of the end of its useful life or the end of the lease term unless the lease transfers ownership of the underlying activity.

The following table reconciles our beginning-of-periodasset to us, or we are reasonably certain to exercise an option to purchase the underlying asset. In those cases, the ROU asset is amortized over the useful life of the underlying asset. Amortization of the ROU asset is recognized and end-of-period balancespresented separately from interest expense on the lease liability. ROU assets are periodically reduced by impairment losses. As of cash, cash equivalents and restricted cashDecember 31, 2019, we have not encountered any impairment losses. Refer to Note 19, “Leases for the periods shown (in thousands):
  December 31, 2018 December 31, 2017 December 31, 2016
Cash and cash equivalents $50,311
 $10,127
 $8,164
Restricted cash 11,951
 13,382
 17,149
Cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash $62,262
 $23,509
 $25,313

information regarding leasing activities.

Recent Accounting Pronouncements - Not Yet Adopted

In June 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-13 “Financial Instruments - Credit Losses (Topic 326): Measurement of Credit Losses on Financial Instruments. “CECL” This update replaces the incurred loss impairment methodology in current GAAP with a methodology that reflects expected credit losses and requires consideration of a broader range of reasonable and supportable information to inform credit loss estimates. The amendments in this update are effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2019, including interim periods within those fiscal years. We are evaluating how this guidance will impact our accounting policies regarding assessment of, and allowance for, loan losses.

In February 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-02 “Leases (Topic 842).” The core principle of this update is that a lessee should recognize the right of use (“ROU”) asset and corresponding liabilities in the Consolidated Balance Sheet that arise from lease agreements. The amendments in this update are effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2018, including interim periods within those fiscal years. We will adopt the amendment in the first quarter 2019 using the prospective approach. Our income from real property and rental home revenue streams is derived from rental agreements where we are the lessor. The new accounting standard narrowed the definition of initial direct costs which can be capitalized. The new standard defines initial direct costs as the incremental costs of signing a lease. Employee salaries, legal fees rendered prior to the execution of a lease, negotiation costs, advertising and other origination effort costs no longer meet the definition of initial direct costs and will not be capitalized. These costs will be included in general and administrative costs, or property operating and maintenance expense, in our Consolidated Statement of Operations. Certain commissions will be capitalized as initial direct costs pursuant to adoption of the standard. We are the lessee in other arrangements, primarily for our executive offices, ground leases at certain communities and certain property. For leases with a term greater than one year, a ROU asset and corresponding liabilities will be included on the Consolidated Balance Sheet. The ROU asset and corresponding liabilities are measured as the estimated present value of minimum lease payments at the commencement of the lease agreement and discounted by our incremental borrowing rate of a collateralized term loan. As of January 1, 2019,2020, we adopted the fair value option for our installment notes receivable and the notes receivable within the GTSC joint venture which resulted in fair value adjustments of $0.3 million and $0.6 million, respectively. We do not expect to recognize operating lease ROU assetsthe impact of $40.0 million to $50.0 million which will include the present valueadoption of minimum lease payments as well as certain existing below market lease intangibles associated with such leases. Also upon adoption, we expect to recognize operating lease liabilities of $15.0 million to $25.0 million. We will elect certain practical expedients allowable by the ASU, including the expedient to forego separation of lease and non-lease component of lessee contracts, resulting in a gross-up effectCECL on the balance sheet assets and liabilities. Additionally for all leases, we will elect the package of practical expedients, which permits the Company notremaining in scope financial instruments to reassess expired or existing contracts containing a lease, the lease classification for expired or existing contracts, and measurement of initial direct costs for any existing leases.be material.

In August 2018, the FASB issued ASU 2018-15 “Intangibles- Goodwill and Other - Internal-Use Software (Topic 350-40): Customer’s Accounting for Implementation Costs Incurred in a Cloud Computing Arrangement that is a Service Contract.” This update aligns the requirements for capitalizing implementation costs incurred in a hosting arrangement that is a service contract with the requirements for capitalizing implementation costs incurred to develop or obtain internal use software. The amendments in this update are effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2020. Early adoption of the amendments in this update is permitted, including adoption in any interim period, for all entities. We are currently evaluating the potential impact of adoption of this standard on our consolidated financial statements.
SUN COMMUNITIES, INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS


18. Commitments and Contingencies

Legal Proceedings

We are involved in various legal proceedings arising in the ordinary course of business. All such proceedings, taken together, are not expected to have a material adverse impact on our results of operations or financial condition.

Catastrophic Weather
SUN COMMUNITIES, INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS


In September 2017, our communities in Florida and Georgia sustained damages from Hurricane Irma. We maintain property, casualty, flood and business interruption insurance for our community portfolio, subject to customary deductibles and limits. The table below sets forth estimated insurance recoveries (in millions). Actual insurance recoveries could vary significantly from our estimates. Future changes to estimated insurance recoveries will be recognized in the period(s) in which they are determined.
 Year Ended December 31, 2018
Total estimated insurance receivable - December 31, 2017$23.7
Change in estimated insurance recoveries9.2
Business interruption payment receivable2.2
Advances from insurer(16.4)
Total estimated insurance receivable - December 31, 2018$18.7

19.
Leases

Lessee accounting
Changes in estimated insurance recoveries for damages duringFuture minimum lease payments under non-cancellable leases as of the year ended December 31, 2019 where we are the lessee include:
Maturity of lease liabilities (in thousands)
     
 Operating Leases Finance Leases Total
2020$2,397
 $120
 $2,517
20212,446
 120
 2,566
20222,483
 120
 2,603
20232,572
 120
 2,692
20242,868
 4,060
 6,928
Thereafter32,277
 
 32,277
Total lease payments$45,043
 $4,540
 $49,583
Less: Imputed interest(20,821) (459) (21,280)
Present value of lease liabilities$24,222
 $4,081
 $28,303

ROU assets and lease liabilities for finance and operating leases as included in our Consolidated Financial Statements are as follows:
Lease asset and liabilities (in thousands)

          
Description Financial Statement Classification December 31, 2019 Description Financial Statement Classification December 31, 2018
Lease assets          
Right-of-use asset obtained in exchange for new finance lease liabilities Other asset, net $4,081
 Capital lease asset Land $4,098
Right-of-use asset obtained in exchange for new operating lease liabilities Other asset, net $23,751
 n/a
Right-of-use asset obtained relative to below market operating lease Other asset, net $28,366
 Below market Lease intangible asset Other Asset, net $29,118
Lease liabilities          
Finance lease liabilities Other liabilities $4,081
 Capital lease liabilities Other Liabilities $4,098
Operating lease liabilities Other liabilities $24,222
 n/a


Lease expense for finance and operating leases as included in our Consolidated Financial Statements are as follows:
Lease expense (in thousands)

 Year Ended
    December 31,
Description Financial Statement Classification 2019
Finance lease expense    
Amortization of right-of-use assets Interest expense $17
Interest on lease liabilities Interest expense 103
Operating lease cost General and administrative expense, Property operating and maintenance 3,474
Variable lease cost Property operating and maintenance 1,584
Total lease expense   $5,178
  Year Ended
Description Financial Statement Classification December 31, 2018 December 31, 2017
Capital lease expense      
Amortization of lease Interest expense $16
 $
Interest on lease liabilities Interest expense 104
 
Operating lease expense General and administrative expense, Property operating and maintenance 3,310
 3,303
Below market ground lease amortization expense Property operating and maintenance 821
 1,017
Total lease expense   $4,251
 $4,320

SUN COMMUNITIES, INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS



In June 2018, were primarily thewe acquired 50 percent of a land parcel that was previously subject to a ground lease at one of our California communities for $8.0 million. As a result of incremental invoicesthe transaction, we wrote off $1.1 million of the gross carrying amount of the ground lease intangible and $0.3 million of the related accumulated amortization. The $0.8 million net write off is included within the Property operating and maintenance expenses in our Consolidated Statements of Operations for which the total costs exceeded the applicable deductible and confirmation of payment on the business interruption insurance claim.   year ended December 31, 2018.

Lease term, discount rates and additional information for finance and operating leases are as follows:
Lease term and discount rate

December 31, 2019
Weighted-average remaining lease terms (years)
Finance lease4.50
Operating lease27.15
Weighted-average discount rate
Finance lease2.50%
Operating lease4.15%
Other Information (in thousands)
 Year Ended
  December 31, 2019 December 31, 2018 December 31, 2017
Cash paid for amounts included in the measurement of lease liabilities      
Operating Cash Flow from Operating leases $2,199
 $3,340
 $3,182
Financing Cash Flow from Finance leases 120
 120
 121
Total Cash paid on lease liabilities $2,319
 $3,460
 $3,303

As of the year ended December 31, 2019, we have an additional executive office space operating lease for $2.9 million which will commence in January 2020 with a lease term of seven years.
Lessor Accounting
We are actively working withnot the lessor for any finance leases as of December 31, 2019. Over 95 percent of our insureroperating leases where we are the lessor are either month to month or for a time period not to exceed one year.  As of the reporting date, future minimum lease payments would not exceed twelve months. Similarly, over 95 percent of our investment property, net on claims for lost earningsthe Consolidated Balance Sheets, and redevelopment costs greater thanrelated depreciation amounts relate to assets whereby we are the asset impairment charge for the three Florida Keys communities. The three impaired Florida Keys communities will require redevelopment followed by a tenant lease-up period. As such, we currently cannot estimate a date whenlessor under an operating results will be restored to pre-hurricane levels. Our business interruption insurance policy provides for up to 60 months of coverage from the date of restoration.lease.

19.20. Related Party Transactions

Lease of Executive Offices. Gary A. Shiffman, together with certain of his family members, indirectly owns an equity interest of approximately 28.1 percent in American Center LLC, the entity from which we lease office space for our principal executive offices. Each of Brian M. Hermelin, Ronald A. Klein and Arthur A. Weiss indirectly owns a less than one percent interest in American Center LLC. Mr. Shiffman is our Chief Executive Officer and Chairman of the Board. Each of Mr. Hermelin, Mr. Klein and Mr. Weiss is a director of the Company. Under this agreement, we lease approximately 103,100 rentable square feet of permanent space. The initial term of the lease is until October 31, 2026, and the average gross base rent is $18.55$18.95 per square foot until October 31, 20192020 with graduated rental increases thereafter. Each of Mr. Shiffman, Mr. Hermelin, Mr. Klein and Mr. Weiss may have a conflict of interest with respect to his obligations as our officer and/or director and his ownership interest in American Center LLC.

Use of Airplane. Gary A. Shiffman is the beneficial owner of an airplane that we use from time to time for business purposes. During the year ended December 31, 2019, we paid $0.4 million for the use of the airplane. Mr. Shiffman may have a conflict of interest with respect to his obligations as our officer and director and his ownership interest in the airplane.

Telephone Services. Brian M. Hermelin is a principal and a beneficial owner of an entity that installs and maintains emergency telephone systems at our Properties. During the year ended December 31, 2019, we paid $0.2 million for these services. Mr. Hermelin may have a conflict of interest with respect to his obligations as our director and his position with and ownership interest in the provider of these services.
SUN COMMUNITIES, INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS


Legal Counsel. During 2015-2018,2017-2019, Jaffe, Raitt, Heuer, & Weiss, Professional Corporation acted as our general counsel and represented us in various matters. Arthur A. Weiss is the Chairman of the Board of Directors and a shareholder of such firm. We incurred legal fees and expenses owed to Jaffe, Raitt, Heuer, & Weiss of approximately $11.1 million, $7.1 million $5.0 million and $8.0$5.0 million in the years ended December 31, 2019, 2018 2017 and 2016,2017, respectively.

Tax Consequences Upon Sale of Properties. Gary A. Shiffman holds limited partnership interests in the Operating Partnership which were received in connection with the contribution of properties from partnerships previously affiliated with him. Prior to any redemption of these limited partnership interests for our common stock, Mr. Shiffman will have tax consequences different from those on us and our public stockholders upon the sale of any of these partnerships. Therefore, we and Mr. Shiffman may have different objectives regarding the appropriate pricing and timing of any sale of those properties.

20.
21. Subsequent Events

Subsequent to the quarter ended December 31, 2018,2019, we acquired seven communities1 MH community located in East Falmouth, Massachusetts for $324.7$13.5 million, containing 2,956 MH sites and 612230 RV sites.

Subsequent to In conjunction with the quarter, we completed a $265.0 million twenty-five year term loan transaction which carries an interest rate of 4.17 percent. Concurrently, we repaid a $187.9 million term loan which was due to mature in January 2030.
SUN COMMUNITIES, INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS



On January 31, 2019,acquisition, the Operating Partnership created a new class of OP units named Series D PreferredE preferred OP Units in conjunction with the acquisition of a MH community in Oregon City, Oregon.units. As of February 14, 2019, 488,95813, 2020, 90,000 Series D PreferredE preferred OP Unitsunits were outstanding. The Series D PreferredE preferred OP Unitsunits provide for quarterly distributions on the $100 per unit issue price of 3.75%5.3 percent per year until January 31, 2021,9, 2022, and 4.0%5.5 percent per year thereafter. Subject to certain limitations, each Series E Preferred Unit is exchangeable at any time after the first anniversary of its issuance date into that number of shares of the Company’s common stock equal to the quotient obtained by dividing $100.00 by $145.00 (as such ratio is subject to adjustment for certain capital events). 

On January 13, 2020, the Operating Partnership’s partnership agreement was amended to revise the terms of 270,000 of the operating partnership’s outstanding 1,283,819 Aspen preferred OP units. With respect to those 270,000 units, the automatic redemption date was extended to January 2, 2034 (as compared to January 2, 2024 for the other Aspen preferred OP units) and the annual distribution rate was reduced to 3.8 percent (as compared to a rate determined by a formula, currently 6.5 percent, for the other Aspen preferred OP units).

We have evaluated our Consolidated Financial Statements for subsequent events through the date that this Form 10-K was issued.

SUN COMMUNITIES, INC.
REAL ESTATE AND ACCUMULATED DEPRECIATION, SCHEDULE III
DECEMBER 31, 20182019
(amounts in thousands)

    Encumbrance Initial Cost to Company Costs Capitalized Subsequent to Acquisition (Improvements) Gross Amount Carried at December 31, 2019      
Property Name Location Group Amount Land Depreciable  Assets Land Depreciable Assets Land Depreciable  Assets Total Accumulated Depreciation Date Acquired (A) or Constructed (C)
49’er Village RV Resort Plymouth, CA  C $
 $2,180
 $10,710
 $
 $2,252
 $2,180
 $12,962
 $15,142
 $(1,251) 2017 (A)
Academy / West Point Canton, MI  
 1,485
 14,278
 
 9,496
 1,485
 23,774
 25,259
 (12,715) 2000 (A)
Adirondack Gateway RV Resort & Campground Gansevoort, NY  
 620
 1,970
 
 2,577
 620
 4,547
 5,167
 (599) 2016 (A)
Allendale Meadows Mobile Village Allendale, MI  
 366
 3,684
 
 10,928
 366
 14,612
 14,978
 (8,782) 1996 (A)
Alpine Meadows Mobile Village Grand Rapids, MI  A 10,895
 729
 6,692
 
 10,072
 729
 16,764
 17,493
 (10,114) 1996 (A&C)
Alta Laguna Rancho Cucamonga, CA  D 28,090
 23,736
 21,088
 
 1,687
 23,736
 22,775
 46,511
 (2,768) 2016 (A)
Apple Carr Village Muskegon, MI  
 800
 6,172
 336
 18,359
 1,136
 24,531
 25,667
 (5,138) 2011 (A&C)
Apple Creek Amelia, OH  B 7,582
 543
 5,480
 
 2,901
 543
 8,381
 8,924
 (4,546) 1999 (A)
Arbor Terrace RV Park Bradenton, FL  C 
 456
 4,410
 
 5,412
 456
 9,822
 10,278
 (5,142) 1996 (A)
Arbor Woods Ypsilanti, MI  
 3,340
 12,385
 
 11,303
 3,340
 23,688
 27,028
 (2,707) 2017 (A)
Archview RV Resort & Campground Moab, UT  
 6,289
 8,419
 5
 305
 6,294
 8,724
 15,018
 (490) 2018 (A)
Ariana Village Lakeland, FL  D 5,340
 240
 2,195
 
 1,873
 240
 4,068
 4,308
 (2,364) 1994 (A)
Arran Lake RV Resort & Campground Allenford, ON  
 1,190
 1,175
 (28)
(1 
) 
387
 1,162
 1,562
 2,724
 (203) 2016 (A)
Austin Lone Star RV Resort Austin, TX  C 
 630
 7,913
 
 2,104
 630
 10,017
 10,647
 (1,257) 2016 (A)
Autumn Ridge Ankeny, IA  D 24,344
 890
 8,054
 (33)
(3 
) 
5,835
 857
 13,889
 14,746
 (7,992) 1996 (A)
Bahia Vista Estates Sarasota, FL  
 6,810
 17,650
 
 1,804
 6,810
 19,454
 26,264
 (2,277) 2016 (A)
Baker Acres RV Resort Zephyrhills, FL  E 7,218
 2,140
 11,880
 
 2,520
 2,140
 14,400
 16,540
 (1,743) 2016 (A)
Beechwood (4)
 Killingworth, CT  C 
 7,897
 18,400
 
 5
 7,897
 18,405
 26,302
 (307) 2019 (A)
Bell Crossing Clarksville, TN  B 9,425
 717
 1,916
 (13)
(3 
) 
8,330
 704
 10,246
 10,950
 (6,134) 1999 (A&C)
Big Timber Lake RV Camping Resort Cape May Court House, NJ  A 10,833
 590
 21,308
 
 2,195
 590
 23,503
 24,093
 (5,827) 2013 (A)
Big Tree RV Resort Arcadia, FL  
 1,250
 13,534
 
 2,627
 1,250
 16,161
 17,411
 (1,991) 2016 (A)
Blazing Star San Antonio, TX  C 
 750
 6,163
 
 1,764
 750
 7,927
 8,677
 (2,407) 2012 (A)
Blue Heron Pines Punta Gorda, FL  E 18,066
 410
 35,294
 
 5,043
 410
 40,337
 40,747
 (5,829) 2015 (A&C)
Blue Jay MH & RV Resort Dade City, FL  
 2,040
 9,679
 
 1,703
 2,040
 11,382
 13,422
 (1,343) 2016 (A)
Blue Star / Lost Dutchman MH & RV Resort Apache Junction, AZ  E 6,406
 5,120
 12,720
 
 5,627
 5,120
 18,347
 23,467
 (3,497) 2014 (A)
Blueberry Hill Bushnell, FL  C 
 3,830
 3,240
 
 3,646
 3,830
 6,886
 10,716
 (2,285) 2012 (A)
Boulder Ridge Pflugerville, TX  B 26,945
 1,000
 500
 3,324
 49,478
 4,324
 49,978
 54,302
 (13,237) 1998 (C)
Branch Creek Estates Austin, TX  D 23,249
 796
 3,716
 
 7,047
 796
 10,763
 11,559
 (6,525) 1995 (A&C)
Brentwood Estates Hudson, FL  B 5,838
 1,150
 9,359
 
 3,049
 1,150
 12,408
 13,558
 (2,035) 2015 (A)
Brentwood Mobile Village Kentwood, MI  E 10,308
 385
 3,592
 
 2,004
 385
 5,596
 5,981
 (3,571) 1996 (A)
SUN COMMUNITIES, INC.
REAL ESTATE AND ACCUMULATED DEPRECIATION, SCHEDULE III
DECEMBER 31, 20182019
(amounts in thousands)

    Encumbrance Initial Cost to Company Costs Capitalized Subsequent to Acquisition (Improvements) Gross Amount Carried at December 31, 2019      
Property Name Location Group Amount Land Depreciable  Assets Land Depreciable Assets Land Depreciable  Assets Total Accumulated Depreciation Date Acquired (A) or Constructed (C)
Brentwood West Mesa, AZ  D 28,800
 13,620
 24,202
 
 1,052
 13,620
 25,254
 38,874
 (4,911) 2014 (A)
Broadview Estates Davison, MI  A 4,805
 749
 6,089
 
 17,136
 749
 23,225
 23,974
 (12,158) 1996 (A&C)
Brook Ridge (4)
 Hooksett, NH  C 
 959
 5,971
 
 
 959
 5,971
 6,930
 (100) 2019 (A)
Brookside Mobile Home Village Goshen, IN  
 260
 1,080
 386
 19,555
 646
 20,635
 21,281
 (10,050) 1985 (A&C)
Brookside Village Kentwood, MI  D 6,886
 170
 5,564
 
 392
 170
 5,956
 6,126
 (1,650) 2011 (A)
Buena Vista (4)
 Buckeye, AZ  
 9,190
 14,363
 
 59
 9,190
 14,422
 23,612
 (313) 2019 (A)
Buttonwood Bay MH & RV Resort Sebring, FL  D 32,107
 1,952
 18,294
 
 7,341
 1,952
 25,635
 27,587
 (14,582) 2001 (A)
Byron Center Mobile Village Byron Center, MI  A 3,235
 253
 2,402
 
 1,815
 253
 4,217
 4,470
 (2,684) 1996 (A)
Caliente Sands Cathedral City, CA  
 1,930
 6,710
 
 640
 1,930
 7,350
 9,280
 (612) 2017 (A)
Camelot Villa Macomb, MI  A 16,442
 910
 21,211
 
 12,349
 910
 33,560
 34,470
 (8,482) 2013 (A)
Campers Haven RV Resort Dennisport, MA  D 16,300
 14,260
 11,915
 
 8,230
 14,260
 20,145
 34,405
 (1,874) 2016 (A)
Candlelight Manor South Daytona, FL  
 3,140
 3,867
 
 2,650
 3,140
 6,517
 9,657
 (708) 2016 (A)
Candlelight Village Sauk Village, IL  A 7,222
 600
 5,623
 
 11,926
 600
 17,549
 18,149
 (10,139) 1996 (A)
Canyonlands RV Resort & Campground Moab, UT  
 3,661
 7,415
 1
 519
 3,662
 7,934
 11,596
 (469) 2018 (A)
Cape May Crossing Cape May, NJ  
 270
 1,693
 
 494
 270
 2,187
 2,457
 (260) 2016 (A)
Cape May KOA Cape May, NJ  C 
 650
 7,736
 
 7,950
 650
 15,686
 16,336
 (4,287) 2013 (A)
Carolina Pines RV Resort Longs, SC  
 5,900
 
 694
 
 6,594
 63,828
 70,422
 (966) 2017 (A)
Carriage Cove Sanford, FL  E 16,716
 6,050
 21,235
 
 1,977
 6,050
 23,212
 29,262
 (4,426) 2014 (A)
Carrington Pointe Ft. Wayne, IN  
 1,076
 3,632
 (1)
(3 
) 
18,984
 1,075
 22,616
 23,691
 (7,753) 1997 (A&C)
Castaways RV Resort & Campground Berlin, MD  A 20,607
 14,320
 22,277
 
 5,150
 14,320
 27,427
 41,747
 (6,131) 2014 (A&C)
Cava Robles RV Resort Paso Robles, CA  
 1,396
 
 
 
 1,396
 39,084
 40,480
 (2,668) 2014 (C)
Cave Creek Evans, CO  B 24,811
 2,241
 15,343
 
 9,338
 2,241
 24,681
 26,922
 (9,921) 2004 (C)
Cedar Springs (4)
 Southington, CT  C 
 2,899
 10,253
 
 22
 2,899
 10,275
 13,174
 (171) 2019 (A)
Central Park MH & RV Resort Haines City, FL  C 
 2,600
 10,405
 
 3,507
 2,600
 13,912
 16,512
 (1,525) 2016 (A)
Cherrywood (4)
 Clinton, NY  C 
 662
 9,629
 
 57
 662
 9,686
 10,348
 (160) 2019 (A)
Chisholm Point Estates Pflugerville, TX  D 23,200
 609
 5,286
 
 6,131
 609
 11,417
 12,026
 (6,327) 1995 (A&C)
Chincoteague Island KOA (2)
 Chincoteague, VA  
 5,750
 13,836
 
 
 5,750
 13,836
 19,586
 (273) 2019 (A)
Chula Vista RV Resort (2) (4)
 Chula Vista, CA  
 
 
 
 1,125
 
 1,125
 1,125
 (25) 2019 (A&C)
Cider Mill Crossings Fenton, MI  C 
 520
 1,568
 
 39,810
 520
 41,378
 41,898
 (9,046) 2011 (A&C)
Cider Mill Village Middleville, MI  A 4,590
 250
 3,590
 
 2,621
 250
 6,211
 6,461
 (2,283) 2011 (A)
Citrus Hill RV Resort Dade City, FL  C 
 1,170
 2,422
 
 1,486
 1,170
 3,908
 5,078
 (431) 2016 (A)
SUN COMMUNITIES, INC.
REAL ESTATE AND ACCUMULATED DEPRECIATION, SCHEDULE III
DECEMBER 31, 20182019
(amounts in thousands)

    Encumbrance Initial Cost to Company Costs Capitalized Subsequent to Acquisition (Improvements) Gross Amount Carried at December 31, 2019      
Property Name Location Group Amount Land Depreciable  Assets Land Depreciable Assets Land Depreciable  Assets Total Accumulated Depreciation Date Acquired (A) or Constructed (C)
Clear Water Mobile Village South Bend, IN  B 12,249
 80
 1,270
 61
 6,335
 141
 7,605
 7,746
 (4,378) 1986 (A)
Club Naples Naples, FL  C 
 5,780
 4,952
 
 3,139
 5,780
 8,091
 13,871
 (2,694) 2011 (A)
Club Wildwood Hudson, FL  E 22,629
 14,206
 21,275
 
 2,133
 14,206
 23,408
 37,614
 (2,690) 2016 (A)
Coastal Plantation (4)
 Hampstead, NC  C 
 3,264
 6,469
 
 223
 3,264
 6,692
 9,956
 (108) 2019 (A)
Costa Vista (4)
 San Diego, CA  
 
 
 
 4,777
 
 4,777
 4,777
 
 2019  
Cobus Green Mobile Home Park Osceola, IN  A 8,864
 762
 7,037
 
 8,002
 762
 15,039
 15,801
 (9,274) 1993 (A)
Colony in the Wood Port Orange, FL  
 5,650
 26,828
 29
 2,065
 5,679
 28,893
 34,572
 (1,426) 2017 (A&C)
Comal Farms New Braunfels, TX  C 
 1,455
 1,732
 
 9,458
 1,455
 11,190
 12,645
 (5,422) 2000 (A&C)
Compass RV Resort St. Augustine, FL  
 4,151
 10,480
 2
 406
 4,153
 10,886
 15,039
 (593) 2018 (A)
Country Acres Mobile Village Cadillac, MI  A 4,309
 380
 3,495
 
 3,652
 380
 7,147
 7,527
 (4,558) 1996 (A)
Country Hills Village Hudsonville, MI  A 5,971
 340
 3,861
 
 543
 340
 4,404
 4,744
 (1,208) 2011 (A)
Country Lakes (4)
 Little River, SC  C 
 1,746
 5,522
 
 2
 1,746
 5,524
 7,270
 (92) 2019 (A)
Country Meadows Mobile Village Flat Rock, MI  B 42,427
 924
 7,583
 296
 20,185
 1,220
 27,768
 28,988
 (17,041) 1994 (A&C)
Country Meadows Village Caledonia, MI  C 
 550
 5,555
 
 7,440
 550
 12,995
 13,545
 (2,816) 2011 (A&C)
Country Squire MH & RV Resort Paisley, FL  
 520
 1,719
 
 2,113
 520
 3,832
 4,352
 (433) 2016 (A)
Country Village Estates (4)
 Oregon City, OR  
 22,020
 42,615
 
 36
 22,020
 42,651
 64,671
 (757) 2019 (A)
Countryside Estates Mckean, PA  E 6,648
 320
 11,610
 
 1,898
 320
 13,508
 13,828
 (2,524) 2014 (A)
Countryside Village Great Falls, MT  
 430
 7,157
 
 987
 430
 8,144
 8,574
 (1,556) 2014 (A)
Countryside Village of Atlanta Lawrenceville, GA  C 
 1,274
 10,957
 
 11,931
 1,274
 22,888
 24,162
 (6,998) 2004 (A&C)
Countryside Village of Gwinnett Buford, GA  A 9,241
 1,124
 9,539
 
 1,862
 1,124
 11,401
 12,525
 (5,247) 2004 (A)
Countryside Village of Lake Lanier Buford, GA  B 27,216
 1,916
 16,357
 
 7,921
 1,916
 24,278
 26,194
 (11,963) 2004 (A)
Craigleith RV Resort & Campground Clarksburg, ON  
 420
 705
 (10)
(1 
) 
671
 410
 1,376
 1,786
 (118) 2016 (A)
Creeks Crossing (4) (5)
 Uhland, TX  
 3,484
 2
 
 
 3,484
 2
 3,486
 
 2019 (C)
Creekwood Meadows Burton, MI  A 3,124
 808
 2,043
 404
 14,561
 1,212
 16,604
 17,816
 (9,889) 1997 (C)
Crestwood (4)
 Concord, NH  C 
 1,849
 22,367
 
 39
 1,849
 22,406
 24,255
 (373) 2019 (A)
Crossroads (4)
 Aiken, SC  C 
 822
 3,675
 
 69
 822
 3,744
 4,566
 (210) 2019 (A&C)
Cutler Estates Mobile Village Grand Rapids, MI  B 14,175
 749
 6,941
 
 3,741
 749
 10,682
 11,431
 (6,871) 1996 (A)
Cypress Greens Lake Alfred, FL  E 7,498
 960
 17,518
 
 2,295
 960
 19,813
 20,773
 (3,021) 2015 (A)
Daytona Beach RV Resort Port Orange, FL  C 
 2,300
 7,158
 
 3,930
 2,300
 11,088
 13,388
 (1,266) 2016 (A)
Deep Run (4)
 Cream Ridge, NJ  C 
 2,020
 13,053
 
 3
 2,020
 13,056
 15,076
 (218) 2019 (A)
Deer Lake RV Resort & Campground Huntsville, ON  
 2,830
 4,260
 (67)
(1 
) 
666
 2,763
 4,926
 7,689
 (590) 2016 (A)
SUN COMMUNITIES, INC.
REAL ESTATE AND ACCUMULATED DEPRECIATION, SCHEDULE III
DECEMBER 31, 20182019
(amounts in thousands)

    Encumbrance Initial Cost to Company Costs Capitalized Subsequent to Acquisition (Improvements) Gross Amount Carried at December 31, 2019      
Property Name Location Group Amount Land Depreciable  Assets Land Depreciable Assets Land Depreciable  Assets Total Accumulated Depreciation Date Acquired (A) or Constructed (C)
Deerfield Run Anderson, IN  
 990
 1,607
 
 6,918
 990
 8,525
 9,515
 (4,422) 1999 (A&C)
Deerwood Orlando, FL  D 38,125
 6,920
 37,593
 
 5,017
 6,920
 42,610
 49,530
 (6,856) 2015 (A)
Desert Harbor Apache Junction, AZ  E 11,222
 3,940
 14,891
 
 350
 3,940
 15,241
 19,181
 (2,904) 2014 (A)
Driftwood RV Resort & Campground Clermont, NJ  D 17,328
 1,450
 29,851
 
 3,134
 1,450
 32,985
 34,435
 (6,962) 2014 (A)
Dunedin RV Resort Dunedin, FL  E 10,051
 4,400
 16,923
 
 2,782
 4,400
 19,705
 24,105
 (2,396) 2016 (A)
Dutton Mill Village Caledonia, MI  A 9,096
 370
 8,997
 
 2,035
 370
 11,032
 11,402
 (3,302) 2011 (A)
Eagle Crest Firestone, CO  D 32,194
 2,015
 150
 
 30,738
 2,015
 30,888
 32,903
 (16,620) 1998 (C)
East Fork Crossing Batavia, OH  C 
 1,280
 6,302
 
 18,904
 1,280
 25,206
 26,486
 (11,822) 2000 (A&C)
East Village Estates Washington Twp, MI  A 19,058
 1,410
 25,413
 
 5,245
 1,410
 30,658
 32,068
 (8,385) 2012 (A)
Egelcraft Muskegon, MI  D 19,195
 690
 22,596
 
 2,713
 690
 25,309
 25,999
 (5,026) 2014 (A)
Ellenton Gardens RV Resort Ellenton, FL  E 4,710
 2,130
 7,755
 
 2,660
 2,130
 10,415
 12,545
 (1,268) 2016 (A)
Emerald Coast MH & RV Resort (2)
 Panama City Beach, FL  D 15,250
 10,330
 9,070
 
 638
 10,330
 9,708
 20,038
 (886) 2017 (A)
Fairfield Village Ocala, FL  B 10,714
 1,160
 18,673
 
 749
 1,160
 19,422
 20,582
 (3,002) 2015 (A)
Farmwood Village (4)
 Dover, NH  C 
 1,232
 12,348
 
 7
 1,232
 12,355
 13,587
 (206) 2019 (A)
Fiesta Village MH & RV Resort Mesa, AZ  
 2,830
 4,475
 
 1,523
 2,830
 5,998
 8,828
 (1,128) 2014 (A)
Fisherman’s Cove Flint Twp, MI  A 4,784
 380
 3,438
 
 4,395
 380
 7,833
 8,213
 (5,276) 1993 (A)
Forest Hill (4)
 Southington, CT  C 
 5,170
 10,775
 
 17
 5,170
 10,792
 15,962
 (180) 2019 (A)
Forest Meadows Philomath, OR  A 2,508
 1,031
 2,050
 
 754
 1,031
 2,804
 3,835
 (1,519) 1999 (A)
Forest View Homosassa, FL  
 1,330
 22,056
 
 1,239
 1,330
 23,295
 24,625
 (3,597) 2015 (A)
Fort Tatham RV Resort & Campground Sylva, NC  
 110
 760
 
 946
 110
 1,706
 1,816
 (206) 2016 (A)
Fort Whaley RV Resort & Campground Whaleyville, MD  C 
 510
 5,194
 
 8,817
 510
 14,011
 14,521
 (1,479) 2015 (A)
Four Seasons Elkhart, IN  A 3,984
 500
 4,811
 
 3,479
 500
 8,290
 8,790
 (4,263) 2000 (A)
Frenchtown Villa / Elizabeth Woods Newport, MI  E 29,333
 1,450
 52,327
 
 28,838
 1,450
 81,165
 82,615
 (14,657) 2014 (A&C)
Friendly Village of La Habra La Habra, CA  D 33,205
 26,956
 25,202
 
 1,403
 26,956
 26,605
 53,561
 (3,323) 2016 (A)
Friendly Village of Modesto Modesto, CA  D 17,244
 6,260
 20,885
 
 1,630
 6,260
 22,515
 28,775
 (2,645) 2016 (A)
Friendly Village of Simi Simi Valley, CA  D 16,928
 14,906
 15,986
 
 975
 14,906
 16,961
 31,867
 (2,062) 2016 (A)
Friendly Village of West Covina West Covina, CA  D 13,022
 14,520
 5,221
 
 930
 14,520
 6,151
 20,671
 (776) 2016 (A)
Frontier Town RV Resort & Campground Berlin, MD  C 
 18,960
 43,166
 
 28,633
 18,960
 71,799
 90,759
 (8,946) 2015 (A)
Glen Ellis Family Campground (4)
 Glen, NH  D 3,900
 448
 5,798
 
 1,511
 448
 7,309
 7,757
 (104) 2019 (A)
Glen Haven RV Resort Zephyrhills, FL  E 5,322
 1,980
 8,373
 
 1,454
 1,980
 9,827
 11,807
 (1,248) 2016 (A)
SUN COMMUNITIES, INC.
REAL ESTATE AND ACCUMULATED DEPRECIATION, SCHEDULE III
DECEMBER 31, 20182019
(amounts in thousands)

    Encumbrance Initial Cost to Company Costs Capitalized Subsequent to Acquisition (Improvements) Gross Amount Carried at December 31, 2019      
Property Name Location Group Amount Land Depreciable  Assets Land Depreciable Assets Land Depreciable  Assets Total Accumulated Depreciation Date Acquired (A) or Constructed (C)
Glen Laurel Concord, NC  C 
 1,641
 453
 
 12,562
 1,641
 13,015
 14,656
 (7,063) 2001 (A&C)
Gold Coaster MH & RV Resort Homestead, FL  A 13,427
 446
 4,234
 172
 6,658
 618
 10,892
 11,510
 (5,560) 1997 (A)
Grand Bay Dunedin, FL  B 9,580
 3,460
 6,314
 (3,086)
(3 
) 
1,466
 374
 7,780
 8,154
 (4,127) 2016 (A)
Grand Lakes RV Resort Citra, FL  
 5,280
 4,501
 (1,820)
(3 
) 
4,923
 3,460
 9,424
 12,884
 (1,313) 2012 (A)
Grand Mobile Estates Grand Rapids, MI  C 
 374
 3,587
 4,906
 4,043
 5,280
 7,630
 12,910
 (2,174) 1996 (A)
Grand Oaks RV Resort & Campground Cayuga, ON  
 970
 4,220
 (23)
(1 
) 
2,396
 947
 6,616
 7,563
 (618) 2016 (A)
Grove Beach (4)
 Westbrook, CT  C 
 1,221
 10,225
 
 22
 1,221
 10,247
 11,468
 (170) 2019 (A)
Grove Ridge RV Resort Dade City, FL  E 3,331
 1,290
 5,387
 
 1,926
 1,290
 7,313
 8,603
 (894) 2016 (A)
Groves RV Resort Ft. Myers, FL  A 6,108
 249
 2,396
 
 4,215
 249
 6,611
 6,860
 (3,179) 1997 (A)
Gulfstream Harbor Orlando, FL  
 14,510
 78,930
 
 5,464
 14,510
 84,394
 98,904
 (13,105) 2015 (A)
Gulliver’s Lake RV Resort & Campground Millgrove, ON  
 2,950
 2,950
 (70)
(1 
) 
1,044
 2,880
 3,994
 6,874
 (432) 2016 (A)
Gwynn’s Island RV Resort & Campground Gwynn, VA  C 
 760
 595
 
 1,778
 760
 2,373
 3,133
 (690) 2013 (A)
Hacienda Del Rio (4)
 Edgewater, FL  
 33,309
 80,310
 
 437
 33,309
 80,747
 114,056
 (1,411) 2019 (A)
Hamlin Webberville, MI  B 10,720
 125
 1,675
 536
 12,949
 661
 14,624
 15,285
 (7,220) 1984 (A&C)
Hannah Village (4)
 Lebanon, NH  C 
 365
 4,705
 
 
 365
 4,705
 5,070
 (78) 2019 (A)
Hemlocks (4)
 Tilton, NH  C 
 1,016
 7,151
 
 4
 1,016
 7,155
 8,171
 (119) 2019 (A)
Heritage Temecula, CA  D 13,208
 13,200
 7,877
 
 1,090
 13,200
 8,967
 22,167
 (1,115) 2016 (A)
Hickory Hills Village Battle Creek, MI  
 760
 7,697
 
 2,441
 760
 10,138
 10,898
 (3,357) 2011 (A)
Hid'n Pines RV Resort (4)
 Old Orchard Beach, ME 0 
 1,956
 10,020
 
 215
 1,956
 10,235
 12,191
 (197) 2019 (A)
Hidden Ridge RV Resort Hopkins, MI  C 
 440
 893
 
 3,788
 440
 4,681
 5,121
 (1,209) 2011 (A)
Hidden River RV Resort Riverview, FL  C 
 3,950
 6,376
 
 2,988
 3,950
 9,364
 13,314
 (1,038) 2016 (A)
Hidden Valley RV Resort & Campground Normandale, ON  
 2,610
 4,170
 (62)
(1 
) 
1,763
 2,548
 5,933
 8,481
 (655) 2016 (A)
High Point Park Frederica, DE 0 
 898
 7,031
 (42)
(3 
) 
7,715
 856
 14,746
 15,602
 (7,216) 1997 (A)
Hill Country Cottage and RV Resort New Braunfels, TX  C 
 3,790
 27,200
 
 3,239
 3,790
 30,439
 34,229
 (4,246) 2016 (A&C)
Hillcrest (4)
 Uncasville, CT  C 
 10,670
 9,607
 
 4
 10,670
 9,611
 20,281
 (160) 2019 (A)
Holiday West Village Holland, MI  B 14,109
 340
 8,067
 
 556
 340
 8,623
 8,963
 (2,477) 2011 (A)
Holly Forest Estates Holly Hill, FL  D 24,733
 920
 8,376
 
 1,194
 920
 9,570
 10,490
 (6,623) 1997 (A)
Holly Village / Hawaiian Gardens Holly, MI  B 19,865
 1,514
 13,596
 
 7,455
 1,514
 21,051
 22,565
 (9,310) 2004 (A)
Homosassa River RV Resort Homosassa Springs, FL  C 
 1,520
 5,020
 
 2,693
 1,520
 7,713
 9,233
 (882) 2016 (A)
SUN COMMUNITIES, INC.
REAL ESTATE AND ACCUMULATED DEPRECIATION, SCHEDULE III
DECEMBER 31, 20182019
(amounts in thousands)

    Encumbrance Initial Cost to Company Costs Capitalized Subsequent to Acquisition (Improvements) Gross Amount Carried at December 31, 2019      
Property Name Location Group Amount Land Depreciable  Assets Land Depreciable Assets Land Depreciable  Assets Total Accumulated Depreciation Date Acquired (A) or Constructed (C)
Horseshoe Cove RV Resort Bradenton, FL  E 19,880
 9,466
 32,612
 
 3,387
 9,466
 35,999
 45,465
 (4,464) 2016 (A)
Hunters Crossing Capac, MI  C 
 430
 1,092
 
 1,461
 430
 2,553
 2,983
 (612) 2012 (A)
Hunters Glen Wayland, MI  C 
 1,102
 11,926
 
 16,790
 1,102
 28,716
 29,818
 (10,020) 2004 (C)
Hyde Park (4)
 Easton, MD  C 
 6,585
 18,256
 
 5
 6,585
 18,261
 24,846
 (304) 2019 (A)
Indian Creek Park Ft. Myers Beach, FL  D 62,296
 3,832
 34,660
 
 12,720
 3,832
 47,380
 51,212
 (31,761) 1996 (A)
Indian Creek RV & Camping Resort Geneva on the Lake, OH  C 
 420
 20,791
 (5)
(5 
) 
8,738
 415
 29,529
 29,944
 (6,246) 2013 (A&C)
Indian Wells RV Resort Indio, CA  D 11,534
 2,880
 19,470
 
 4,599
 2,880
 24,069
 26,949
 (2,817) 2016 (A)
Island Lakes Merritt Island, FL  D 11,569
 700
 6,431
 
 1,020
 700
 7,451
 8,151
 (5,495) 1995 (A)
Jellystone Park™ at Birchwood Acres MH & RV Resort Greenfield Park, NY  A 3,821
 560
 5,527
 
 9,540
 560
 15,067
 15,627
 (3,513) 2013 (A)
Jellystone Park™ at Gardiner Gardiner, NY  
 873
 28,406
 
 3,807
 873
 32,213
 33,086
 (2,090) 2018 (A)
Jellystone Park™ at Golden Valley Bostic, NC  
 4,829
 4,260
 (9)
(3 
) 
24,740
 4,820
 29,000
 33,820
 (1,107) 2018 (A&C)
Jellystone Park™ at Guadalupe River Kerrville, TX  
 2,519
 23,939
 (2)
(3 
) 
2,718
 2,517
 26,657
 29,174
 (1,761) 2018 (A)
Jellystone Park™ at Hill Country Canyon Lake, TX  
 1,991
 20,709
 
 821
 1,991
 21,530
 23,521
 (1,287) 2018 (A)
Jellystone Park™ at Larkspur Larkspur, CO  
 1,880
 5,521
 
 35,067
 1,880
 40,588
 42,468
 (134) 2016 (A)
Jellystone Park™ at Luray East Luray, VA  
 3,164
 29,588
 (1)
(3 
) 
1,058
 3,163
 30,646
 33,809
 (1,938) 2018 (A)
Jellystone Park™ at Maryland Williamsport, MD  
 2,096
 23,737
 
 1,486
 2,096
 25,223
 27,319
 (1,655) 2018 (A)
Jellystone Park™ at Memphis Horn Lake, TN  A 2,830
 889
 6,846
 3
 132
 892
 6,978
 7,870
 (447) 2018 (A)
Jellystone Park™ at Quarryville Quarryville, PA  
 3,882
 33,781
 
 1,297
 3,882
 35,078
 38,960
 (2,197) 2018 (A)
Jellystone Park™ at Tower Park Lodi, CA  
 2,560
 29,819
 (1)
(3 
) 
6,917
 2,559
 36,736
 39,295
 (2,139) 2018 (A)
Jellystone Park™ of Western New York North Java, NY  A 6,537
 870
 8,884
 
 6,912
 870
 15,796
 16,666
 (4,306) 2013 (A)
Kensington Meadows Lansing, MI  B 17,725
 250
 2,699
 
 8,932
 250
 11,631
 11,881
 (7,199) 1995 (A&C)
Kimberly Estates Newport, MI  C 
 1,250
 6,160
 
 11,017
 1,250
 17,177
 18,427
 (2,788) 2016 (A)
King’s Court Mobile Village Traverse City, MI  
 1,473
 13,782
 269
 17,941
 1,742
 31,723
 33,465
 (13,441) 1996 (A&C)
King’s Lake DeBary, FL  D 8,899
 280
 2,542
 
 2,943
 280
 5,485
 5,765
 (3,641) 1994 (A)
Kings Manor Lakeland, FL  
 2,270
 5,578
 
 4,985
 2,270
 10,563
 12,833
 (1,283) 2016 (A)
King’s Pointe Lake Alfred, FL  B 7,847
 510
 16,763
 
 517
 510
 17,280
 17,790
 (2,664) 2015 (A)
Kissimmee Gardens Kissimmee, FL  
 3,270
 14,402
 
 1,479
 3,270
 15,881
 19,151
 (1,918) 2016 (A)
Kissimmee South MH & RV Resort Davenport, FL  
 3,740
 6,819
 
 4,329
 3,740
 11,148
 14,888
 (1,195) 2016 (A)
Knollwood Estates Allendale, MI  A 2,418
 400
 4,061
 
 3,472
 400
 7,533
 7,933
 (4,115) 2001 (A)
SUN COMMUNITIES, INC.
REAL ESTATE AND ACCUMULATED DEPRECIATION, SCHEDULE III
DECEMBER 31, 20182019
(amounts in thousands)

      Initial Cost to Company Costs Capitalized Subsequent to Acquisition (Improvements) Gross Amount Carried at December 31, 2018      
Property Name Location Encumbrance Land Depreciable  Assets Land Depreciable Assets Land Depreciable  Assets Total Accumulated Depreciation Date Acquired (A) or Constructed (C)
49’er Village RV Resort Plymouth, CA  $2,180
 $10,710
 $
 $2,006
 $2,180
 $12,716
 $14,896
 $(717) 2017 (A)
Academy / West Point Canton, MI B 1,485
 14,278
 
 8,768
 1,485
 23,046
 24,531
 (12,046) 2000 (A)
Adirondack Gateway RV Resort & Campground Gansevoort, NY  620
 1,970
 
 2,563
 620
 4,533
 5,153
 (384) 2016 (A)
Allendale Meadows Mobile Village Allendale, MI  366
 3,684
 
 10,892
 366
 14,576
 14,942
 (8,647) 1996 (A)
Alpine Meadows Mobile Village Grand Rapids, MI A 729
 6,692
 
 9,893
 729
 16,585
 17,314
 (9,691) 1996 (A&C)
Alta Laguna Rancho Cucamonga, CA D 23,736
 21,088
 
 1,405
 23,736
 22,493
 46,229
 (1,953) 2016 (A)
Apple Carr Village Muskegon, MI  800
 6,172
 334
 13,629
 1,134
 19,801
 20,935
 (4,090) 2011 (A&C)
Apple Creek Amelia, OH B 543
 5,480
 
 3,058
 543
 8,538
 9,081
 (4,313) 1999 (A)
Arbor Terrace RV Park Bradenton, FL C 456
 4,410
 
 4,709
 456
 9,119
 9,575
 (4,718) 1996 (A)
Arbor Woods Ypsilanti, MI  3,340
 12,385
 
 10,778
 3,340
 23,163
 26,503
 (1,346) 2017 (A)
Archview RV Resort & Campground (4)
 Moab, UT  6,289
 8,419
 
 
 6,289
 8,419
 14,708
 (156) 2018 (A)
Ariana Village Lakeland, FL D 240
 2,195
 
 1,585
 240
 3,780
 4,020
 (2,224) 1994 (A)
Arran Lake RV Resort & Campground Allenford, ON  1,190
 1,175
 (81)
(1 
) 
254
 1,109
 1,429
 2,538
 (125) 2016 (A)
Austin Lone Star RV Resort Austin, TX  630
 7,913
 
 2,075
 630
 9,988
 10,618
 (870) 2016 (A)
Autumn Ridge Ankeny, IA D 890
 8,054
 (33)
(3 
) 
4,908
 857
 12,962
 13,819
 (7,521) 1996 (A)
Bahia Vista Estates Sarasota, FL  6,810
 17,650
 
 1,381
 6,810
 19,031
 25,841
 (1,633) 2016 (A)
Baker Acres RV Resort Zephyrhills, FL E 2,140
 11,880
 
 1,939
 2,140
 13,819
 15,959
 (1,216) 2016 (A)
Bell Crossing Clarksville, TN B 717
 1,916
 (13)
(3 
) 
8,364
 704
 10,280
 10,984
 (5,798) 1999 (A&C)
Big Timber Lake RV Camping Resort Cape May Court House, NJ A 590
 21,308
 
 2,027
 590
 23,335
 23,925
 (4,936) 2013 (A)
Big Tree RV Resort Arcadia, FL  1,250
 13,534
 
 2,063
 1,250
 15,597
 16,847
 (1,375) 2016 (A)
Blazing Star San Antonio, TX C 750
 6,163
 
 1,733
 750
 7,896
 8,646
 (2,096) 2012 (A)
Blue Heron Pines Punta Gorda, FL E 410
 35,294
 
 4,195
 410
 39,489
 39,899
 (4,447) 2015 (A&C)
Blue Jay MH & RV Resort Dade City, FL  2,040
 9,679
 
 1,422
 2,040
 11,101
 13,141
 (936) 2016 (A)
Blue Star / Lost Dutchman MH & RV Resort Apache Junction, AZ E 5,120
 12,720
 
 5,946
 5,120
 18,666
 23,786
 (2,885) 2014 (A)
Blueberry Hill Bushnell, FL C 3,830
 3,240
 
 3,545
 3,830
 6,785
 10,615
 (1,906) 2012 (A)
Boulder Ridge Pflugerville, TX B 1,000
 500
 3,324
 32,283
 4,324
 32,783
 37,107
 (12,231) 1998 (C)
Branch Creek Estates Austin, TX D 796
 3,716
 
 6,151
 796
 9,867
 10,663
 (6,287) 1995 (A&C)
Brentwood Estates Hudson, FL E 1,150
 9,359
 
 2,593
 1,150
 11,952
 13,102
 (1,490) 2015 (A)
Brentwood Mobile Village Kentwood, MI B 385
 3,592
 
 2,091
 385
 5,683
 6,068
 (3,527) 1996 (A)
Brentwood West Mesa, AZ  13,620
 24,202
 
 1,070
 13,620
 25,272
 38,892
 (4,001) 2014 (A)
Brookside Mobile Home Village Goshen, IN B 260
 1,080
 386
 18,380
 646
 19,460
 20,106
 (9,204) 1985 (A&C)
Brookside Village Kentwood, MI D 170
 5,564
 
 323
 170
 5,887
 6,057
 (1,496) 2011 (A)
    Encumbrance Initial Cost to Company Costs Capitalized Subsequent to Acquisition (Improvements) Gross Amount Carried at December 31, 2019      
Property Name Location Group Amount Land Depreciable  Assets Land Depreciable Assets Land Depreciable  Assets Total Accumulated Depreciation Date Acquired (A) or Constructed (C)
La Casa Blanca Apache Junction, AZ  B 7,758
 4,370
 14,142
 
 616
 4,370
 14,758
 19,128
 (2,821) 2014 (A)
La Costa Village Port Orange, FL  D 51,088
 3,640
 62,315
 
 2,025
 3,640
 64,340
 67,980
 (9,854) 2015 (A)
La Hacienda RV Resort Austin, TX  C 
 3,670
 22,225
 
 965
 3,670
 23,190
 26,860
 (4,396) 2015 (A)
Lafayette Place Warren, MI  A 2,069
 669
 5,979
 
 7,864
 669
 13,843
 14,512
 (8,178) 1998 (A)
Lafontaine RV Resort & Campground Tiny, ON  
 1,290
 2,075
 (31)
(1 
) 
2,561
 1,259
 4,636
 5,895
 (386) 2016 (A)
Lake Avenue RV Resort & Campground Cherry Valley, ON  
 670
 1,290
 (16)
(1 
) 
725
 654
 2,015
 2,669
 (242) 2016 (A)
Lake in Wood RV Resort Narvon, PA  A 10,066
 7,360
 7,097
 
 2,834
 7,360
 9,931
 17,291
 (2,703) 2012 (A)
Lake Josephine RV Resort Sebring, FL  C 
 490
 2,830
 
 1,025
 490
 3,855
 4,345
 (310) 2016 (A)
Lake Juliana Landings Auburndale, FL  A 7,935
 335
 3,048
 
 1,880
 335
 4,928
 5,263
 (3,327) 1994 (A)
Lake Pointe Village Mulberry, FL  D 18,211
 480
 29,795
 
 516
 480
 30,311
 30,791
 (4,642) 2015 (A)
Lake Rudolph Campground & RV Resort Santa Claus, IN  A 16,788
 2,340
 28,113
 
 9,197
 2,340
 37,310
 39,650
 (9,933) 2014 (A&C)
Lake San Marino RV Park Naples, FL  A 9,371
 650
 5,760
 
 5,134
 650
 10,894
 11,544
 (6,033) 1996 (A)
Lakefront Lakeside, CA  D 26,751
 21,556
 17,440
 
 1,078
 21,556
 18,518
 40,074
 (2,273) 2016 (A)
Lakeland RV Resort Lakeland, FL  C 
 1,730
 5,524
 
 2,889
 1,730
 8,413
 10,143
 (924) 2016 (A)
Lakeshore Landings Orlando, FL  D 13,395
 2,570
 19,481
 
 1,395
 2,570
 20,876
 23,446
 (3,987) 2014 (A)
Lakeshore Villas Tampa, FL  
 3,080
 18,983
 
 1,085
 3,080
 20,068
 23,148
 (3,065) 2015 (A)
Lakeside (4)
 Terryville, CT  C 
 1,278
 3,445
 
 13
 1,278
 3,458
 4,736
 (57) 2019 (A)
Lakeside Crossing Conway, SC  D 13,056
 3,520
 31,615
 
 13,044
 3,520
 44,659
 48,179
 (5,531) 2015 (A&C)
Lakeview Ypsilanti, MI  
 1,156
 10,903
 (1)
(3 
) 
7,594
 1,155
 18,497
 19,652
 (8,868) 2004 (A)
Lakeview CT (4)
 Danbury, CT  C 
 2,545
 8,884
 
 34
 2,545
 8,918
 11,463
 (148) 2019 (A)
Lamplighter Port Orange, FL  B 7,276
 1,330
 12,846
 
 961
 1,330
 13,807
 15,137
 (2,098) 2015 (A)
Laurel Heights (4)
 Uncasville, CT  C 
 1,678
 693
 
 
 1,678
 693
 2,371
 (12) 2019 (A)
Lazy J Ranch Arcata, CA  
 7,100
 6,838
 
 134
 7,100
 6,972
 14,072
 (628) 2017 (A)
Leaf Verde RV Resort Buckeye, AZ  
 3,417
 8,437
 12
 534
 3,429
 8,971
 12,400
 (475) 2018 (A)
Leisure Point Resort (4)
 Millsboro, DE  
 3,628
 41,291
 
 17
 3,628
 41,308
 44,936
 (713) 2019 (A)
Leisure Village Belmont, MI  
 360
 8,219
 113
 2,138
 473
 10,357
 10,830
 (2,593) 2011 (A)
Lemon Wood Ventura, CA  D 19,434
 19,540
 6,918
 
 1,162
 19,540
 8,080
 27,620
 (990) 2016 (A)
Liberty Farm Valparaiso, IN  C 
 66
 1,201
 116
 4,168
 182
 5,369
 5,551
 (2,936) 1985 (A&C)
Lincoln Estates Holland, MI  
 455
 4,201
 
 2,148
 455
 6,349
 6,804
 (3,910) 1996 (A)
Long Beach RV Resort & Campground Barnegat, NJ  
 710
 3,414
 
 1,268
 710
 4,682
 5,392
 (548) 2016 (A)
SUN COMMUNITIES, INC.
REAL ESTATE AND ACCUMULATED DEPRECIATION, SCHEDULE III
DECEMBER 31, 20182019
(amounts in thousands)

      Initial Cost to Company Costs Capitalized Subsequent to Acquisition (Improvements) Gross Amount Carried at December 31, 2018      
Property Name Location Encumbrance Land Depreciable  Assets Land Depreciable Assets Land Depreciable  Assets Total Accumulated Depreciation Date Acquired (A) or Constructed (C)
Buttonwood Bay MH & RV Resort Sebring, FL D 1,952
 18,294
 
 7,109
 1,952
 25,403
 27,355
 (13,596) 2001 (A)
Byron Center Mobile Village Byron Center, MI A 253
 2,402
 
 2,002
 253
 4,404
 4,657
 (2,792) 1996 (A)
Caliente Sands Cathedral City, CA  1,930
 6,710
 
 221
 1,930
 6,931
 8,861
 (358) 2017 (A)
Camelot Villa Macomb, MI A 910
 21,211
 
 11,972
 910
 33,183
 34,093
 (7,307) 2013 (A)
Campers Haven RV Resort Dennisport, MA  14,260
 11,915
 
 2,395
 14,260
 14,310
 28,570
 (1,177) 2016 (A)
Candlelight Manor South Daytona, FL  3,140
 3,867
 
 1,903
 3,140
 5,770
 8,910
 (427) 2016 (A)
Candlelight Village Sauk Village, IL A 600
 5,623
 
 11,641
 600
 17,264
 17,864
 (9,256) 1996 (A)
Canyonlands RV Resort &
Campground (4)
 Moab, UT  3,661
 7,415
 
 41
 3,661
 7,456
 11,117
 (148) 2018 (A)
Cape May Crossing Cape May, NJ  270
 1,693
 
 476
 270
 2,169
 2,439
 (185) 2016 (A)
Cape May KOA Cape May, NJ C 650
 7,736
 
 7,302
 650
 15,038
 15,688
 (3,572) 2013 (A)
Carolina Pines RV Resort (5)
 Longs, SC  5,900
 
 
 10,521
 5,900
 10,521
 16,421
 
 2017 (A)
Carriage Cove Sanford, FL E 6,050
 21,235
 
 2,341
 6,050
 23,576
 29,626
 (3,752) 2014 (A)
Carrington Pointe Ft. Wayne, IN  1,076
 3,632
 
 15,234
 1,076
 18,866
 19,942
 (6,886) 1997 (A&C)
Castaways RV Resort & Campground Berlin, MD A 14,320
 22,277
 
 5,029
 14,320
 27,306
 41,626
 (5,015) 2014 (A&C)
Cava Robles RV Resort Paso Robles, CA  1,396
 
 
 37,097
 1,396
 37,097
 38,493
 (866) 2014 (C)
Cave Creek Evans, CO B 2,241
 15,343
 
 9,463
 2,241
 24,806
 27,047
 (9,209) 2004 (C)
Central Park MH & RV Resort Haines City, FL  2,600
 10,405
 
 1,482
 2,600
 11,887
 14,487
 (1,040) 2016 (A)
Chisholm Point Estates Pflugerville, TX  609
 5,286
 
 4,354
 609
 9,640
 10,249
 (5,950) 1995 (A&C)
Cider Mill Crossings Fenton, MI C 520
 1,568
 
 31,130
 520
 32,698
 33,218
 (6,890) 2011 (A&C)
Cider Mill Village Middleville, MI A 250
 3,590
 
 2,940
 250
 6,530
 6,780
 (2,138) 2011 (A)
Citrus Hill RV Resort Dade City, FL  1,170
 2,422
 
 1,268
 1,170
 3,690
 4,860
 (297) 2016 (A)
Clear Water Mobile Village South Bend, IN B 80
 1,270
 61
 6,419
 141
 7,689
 7,830
 (4,222) 1986 (A)
Club Naples Naples, FL C 5,780
 4,952
 
 2,852
 5,780
 7,804
 13,584
 (2,332) 2011 (A)
Club Wildwood Hudson, FL E 14,206
 21,275
 
 1,005
 14,206
 22,280
 36,486
 (1,886) 2016 (A)
Cobus Green Mobile Home Park Osceola, IN A 762
 7,037
 
 8,264
 762
 15,301
 16,063
 (8,928) 1993 (A)
Colony in the Wood Port Orange, FL  5,650
 26,828
 16
 445
 5,666
 27,273
 32,939
 (466) 2017 (A&C)
Comal Farms New Braunfels, TX C 1,455
 1,732
 
 9,240
 1,455
 10,972
 12,427
 (5,153) 2000 (A&C)
Compass RV Resort (4)
 St. Augustine, FL  4,151
 10,480
 
 37
 4,151
 10,517
 14,668
 (193) 2018 (A)
Continental North Davison, MI A 749
 6,089
 
 16,332
 749
 22,421
 23,170
 (11,407) 1996 (A&C)
Country Acres Mobile Village Cadillac, MI A 380
 3,495
 
 3,775
 380
 7,270
 7,650
 (4,301) 1996 (A)
Country Hills Village Hudsonville, MI A 340
 3,861
 
 693
 340
 4,554
 4,894
 (1,286) 2011 (A)
Country Meadows Mobile Village Flat Rock, MI B 924
 7,583
 296
 19,467
 1,220
 27,050
 28,270
 (16,314) 1994 (A&C)
Country Meadows Village Caledonia, MI C 550
 5,555
 
 8,218
 550
 13,773
 14,323
 (2,543) 2011 (A&C)
Country Squire MH & RV Resort Paisley, FL  520
 1,719
 
 1,272
 520
 2,991
 3,511
 (255) 2016 (A)
    Encumbrance Initial Cost to Company Costs Capitalized Subsequent to Acquisition (Improvements) Gross Amount Carried at December 31, 2019      
Property Name Location Group Amount Land Depreciable  Assets Land Depreciable Assets Land Depreciable  Assets Total Accumulated Depreciation Date Acquired (A) or Constructed (C)
Majestic Oaks RV Resort Zephyrhills, FL  E 4,465
 3,940
 4,725
 28
 1,972
 3,968
 6,697
 10,665
 (867) 2016 (A)
Maple Brook Matteson, IL  D 41,935
 8,460
 48,865
 
 642
 8,460
 49,507
 57,967
 (9,375) 2014 (A)
Maplewood Manor Brunswick, ME  E 7,884
 1,770
 12,982
 
 1,798
 1,770
 14,780
 16,550
 (2,747) 2014 (A)
Marco Naples RV Resort Naples, FL  
 2,790
 10,458
 
 3,543
 2,790
 14,001
 16,791
 (1,601) 2016 (A)
Marina Cove Uncasville, CT  C 
 262
 365
 
 
 262
 365
 627
 (6) 2019 (A)
Massey's Landing RV Resort (4)
 Millsboro, DE  
 2,755
 17,948
 
 16,507
 2,755
 34,455
 37,210
 (321) 2019 (A)
Meadow Lake Estates White Lake, MI  
 1,188
 11,498
 127
 7,899
 1,315
 19,397
 20,712
 (14,011) 1994 (A)
Meadowbrook Charlotte, NC  C 
 1,310
 6,570
 
 14,017
 1,310
 20,587
 21,897
 (10,131) 2000 (A&C)
Meadowbrook Estates Monroe, MI  A 13,050
 431
 3,320
 379
 15,646
 810
 18,966
 19,776
 (11,101) 1986 (A)
Meadowbrook Village Tampa, FL  B 11,738
 519
 4,728
 
 1,209
 519
 5,937
 6,456
 (4,499) 1994 (A)
Meadowlands of Gibraltar Gibraltar, MI  A 5,087
 640
 7,673
 
 4,739
 640
 12,412
 13,052
 (2,353) 2015 (A)
Merrymeeting Brunswick, ME  C 
 250
 1,020
 
 1,147
 250
 2,167
 2,417
 (432) 2014 (A)
Mi-Te-Jo Campground Milton, NH  
 1,416
 7,580
 
 1,594
 1,416
 9,174
 10,590
 (599) 2018 (A)
Mill Creek MH & RV Resort Kissimmee, FL  
 1,400
 4,839
 
 3,815
 1,400
 8,654
 10,054
 (975) 2016 (A)
Millwood (4)
 Uncasville, CT  C 
 2,425
 8
 
 
 2,425
 8
 2,433
 
 2019 (A&C)
Moab Valley RV Resort & Campground Moab, UT  
 3,693
 8,732
 1
 526
 3,694
 9,258
 12,952
 (542) 2018 (A)
Mountain View Mesa, AZ  B 10,709
 5,490
 12,325
 
 451
 5,490
 12,776
 18,266
 (2,456) 2014 (A)
Napa Valley Napa, CA  D 19,067
 17,740
 11,675
 
 1,024
 17,740
 12,699
 30,439
 (1,566) 2016 (A)
Naples RV Resort Naples, FL  C 
 3,640
 2,020
 
 2,223
 3,640
 4,243
 7,883
 (1,257) 2011 (A)
New England Village (4)
 Westbrook, CT  C 
 4,188
 1,444
 
 42
 4,188
 1,486
 5,674
 (24) 2019 (A)
New Point RV Resort New Point, VA  C 
 1,550
 5,259
 
 4,315
 1,550
 9,574
 11,124
 (2,602) 2013 (A)
New Ranch Clearwater, FL  
 2,270
 2,723
 
 1,486
 2,270
 4,209
 6,479
 (431) 2016 (A)
North Lake Estates Moore Haven, FL  C 
 4,150
 3,486
 
 2,014
 4,150
 5,500
 9,650
 (1,880) 2011 (A)
North Point Estates Pueblo, CO  
 1,582
 3,027
 1
 4,065
 1,583
 7,092
 8,675
 (3,778) 2001 (C)
Northville Crossing Northville, MI  B 17,546
 1,236
 29,564
 
 7,235
 1,236
 36,799
 38,035
 (11,335) 2012 (A)
Oak Creek Coarsegold, CA  B 8,953
 4,760
 11,185
 
 1,643
 4,760
 12,828
 17,588
 (2,441) 2014 (A)
Oak Crest Austin, TX  B 21,917
 4,311
 12,611
 4,365
 15,949
 8,676
 28,560
 37,236
 (9,158) 2002 (C)
Oak Grove (4)
 Plainville, CT  C 
 1,004
 1,660
 
 1
 1,004
 1,661
 2,665
 (28) 2019 (A)
Oak Island Village East Lansing, MI  
 320
 6,843
 
 3,112
 320
 9,955
 10,275
 (3,061) 2011 (A)
Oak Ridge Manteno, IL  D 30,121
 1,090
 36,941
 
 3,762
 1,090
 40,703
 41,793
 (7,846) 2014 (A)
Oakview Estates Arcadia, FL  
 850
 3,881
 
 1,470
 850
 5,351
 6,201
 (613) 2016 (A)
Oakwood Village Miamisburg, OH  B 31,451
 1,964
 6,401
 (1)
(3 
) 
13,880
 1,963
 20,281
 22,244
 (12,178) 1998 (A&C)
SUN COMMUNITIES, INC.
REAL ESTATE AND ACCUMULATED DEPRECIATION, SCHEDULE III
DECEMBER 31, 20182019
(amounts in thousands)

      Initial Cost to Company Costs Capitalized Subsequent to Acquisition (Improvements) Gross Amount Carried at December 31, 2018      
Property Name Location Encumbrance Land Depreciable  Assets Land Depreciable Assets Land Depreciable  Assets Total Accumulated Depreciation Date Acquired (A) or Constructed (C)
Countryside Estates Mckean, PA E 320
 11,610
 
 1,534
 320
 13,144
 13,464
 (2,042) 2014 (A)
Countryside Village Great Falls, MT C 430
 7,157
 
 1,025
 430
 8,182
 8,612
 (1,268) 2014 (A)
Countryside Village of Atlanta Lawrenceville, GA C 1,274
 10,957
 
 9,478
 1,274
 20,435
 21,709
 (6,080) 2004 (A&C)
Countryside Village of Gwinnett Buford, GA A 1,124
 9,539
 
 2,418
 1,124
 11,957
 13,081
 (5,831) 2004 (A)
Countryside Village of Lake Lanier Buford, GA B 1,916
 16,357
 
 8,348
 1,916
 24,705
 26,621
 (11,509) 2004 (A)
Craigleith RV Resort & Campground Clarksburg, ON  420
 705
 (28)
(1 
) 
458
 392
 1,163
 1,555
 (74) 2016 (A)
Creekwood Meadows Burton, MI A 808
 2,043
 404
 14,796
 1,212
 16,839
 18,051
 (9,494) 1997 (C)
Cutler Estates Mobile Village Grand Rapids, MI B 749
 6,941
 
 3,795
 749
 10,736
 11,485
 (6,665) 1996 (A)
Cypress Greens Lake Alfred, FL E 960
 17,518
 
 1,882
 960
 19,400
 20,360
 (2,314) 2015 (A)
Daytona Beach RV Resort Port Orange, FL  2,300
 7,158
 
 2,210
 2,300
 9,368
 11,668
 (845) 2016 (A)
Deer Lake RV Resort & Campground Huntsville, ON  2,830
 4,260
 (192)
(1 
) 
358
 2,638
 4,618
 7,256
 (385) 2016 (A)
Deerfield Run Anderson, IN C 990
 1,607
 
 6,772
 990
 8,379
 9,369
 (4,135) 1999 (A&C)
Deerwood Orlando, FL B 6,920
 37,593
 
 4,743
 6,920
 42,336
 49,256
 (5,265) 2015 (A)
Desert Harbor Apache Junction, AZ E 3,940
 14,891
 
 314
 3,940
 15,205
 19,145
 (2,367) 2014 (A)
Driftwood RV Resort & Campground Clermont, NJ D 1,450
 29,851
 
 2,985
 1,450
 32,836
 34,286
 (5,689) 2014 (A)
Dunedin RV Resort Dunedin, FL E 4,400
 16,923
 
 2,370
 4,400
 19,293
 23,693
 (1,657) 2016 (A)
Dutton Mill Village Caledonia, MI A 370
 8,997
 
 1,840
 370
 10,837
 11,207
 (2,949) 2011 (A)
Eagle Crest Firestone, CO D 2,015
 150
 
 30,681
 2,015
 30,831
 32,846
 (15,698) 1998 (C)
East Fork Crossing Batavia, OH C 1,280
 6,302
 
 19,369
 1,280
 25,671
 26,951
 (10,734) 2000 (A&C)
East Village Estates Washington Twp, MI A 1,410
 25,413
 
 5,123
 1,410
 30,536
 31,946
 (7,305) 2012 (A)
Egelcraft Muskegon, MI D 690
 22,596
 
 2,136
 690
 24,732
 25,422
 (4,068) 2014 (A)
Ellenton Gardens RV Resort Ellenton, FL E 2,130
 7,755
 
 2,121
 2,130
 9,876
 12,006
 (850) 2016 (A)
Emerald Coast MH & RV Resort (2)
 Panama City Beach, FL  10,330
 9,070
 
 531
 10,330
 9,601
 19,931
 (518) 2017 (A)
Fairfield Village Ocala, FL B 1,160
 18,673
 
 475
 1,160
 19,148
 20,308
 (2,319) 2015 (A)
Fiesta Village MH & RV Resort Mesa, AZ  2,830
 4,475
 
 1,235
 2,830
 5,710
 8,540
 (868) 2014 (A)
Fisherman’s Cove Flint Twp, MI A 380
 3,438
 
 4,369
 380
 7,807
 8,187
 (4,982) 1993 (A)
Forest Meadows Philomath, OR A 1,031
 2,050
 
 588
 1,031
 2,638
 3,669
 (1,440) 1999 (A)
Forest View Homosassa, FL B 1,330
 22,056
 
 735
 1,330
 22,791
 24,121
 (2,748) 2015 (A)
Fort Tatham RV Resort & Campground Sylva, NC  110
 760
 
 788
 110
 1,548
 1,658
 (137) 2016 (A)
Fort Whaley RV Resort & Campground Whaleyville, MD C 510
 5,194
 
 6,219
 510
 11,413
 11,923
 (1,077) 2015 (A)
Four Seasons Elkhart, IN A 500
 4,811
 
 3,474
 500
 8,285
 8,785
 (4,194) 2000 (A)
Frenchtown Villa / Elizabeth Woods Newport, MI E 1,450
 52,327
 
 22,607
 1,450
 74,934
 76,384
 (11,053) 2014 (A&C)
Friendly Village of La Habra La Habra, CA D 26,956
 25,202
 
 1,223
 26,956
 26,425
 53,381
 (2,359) 2016 (A)
    Encumbrance Initial Cost to Company Costs Capitalized Subsequent to Acquisition (Improvements) Gross Amount Carried at December 31, 2019      
Property Name Location Group Amount Land Depreciable  Assets Land Depreciable Assets Land Depreciable  Assets Total Accumulated Depreciation Date Acquired (A) or Constructed (C)
Ocean Breeze Jensen Beach MH & RV Resort Jensen Beach, FL  
 19,026
 13,862
 
 27,223
 19,026
 41,085
 60,111
 (3,574) 2016 (A&C)
Ocean Breeze MH & RV Resort (6)
 Marathon, FL  C 
 2,330
 1,770
 
 4,406
 2,330
 6,176
 8,506
 (78) 2016 (A)
Ocean Pine (4)
 Garden City, SC  C 
 7,623
 35,333
 
 1
 7,623
 35,334
 42,957
 (735) 2019 (A)
Ocean West McKinleyville, CA  B 4,592
 5,040
 4,413
 349
 509
 5,389
 4,922
 10,311
 (407) 2017 (A)
Oceanside RV Resort & Campground Coos Bay, OR  
 2,718
 3,244
 1
 986
 2,719
 4,230
 6,949
 (243) 2018 (A)
Orange City MH & RV Resort Orange City, FL  C 
 920
 5,540
 
 3,913
 920
 9,453
 10,373
 (2,356) 2011 (A)
Orange Tree Village Orange City, FL  D 10,373
 283
 2,530
 15
 1,300
 298
 3,830
 4,128
 (2,764) 1994 (A)
Orchard Lake Milford, OH  C 
 395
 4,025
 (15)
(3 
) 
2,544
 380
 6,569
 6,949
 (3,307) 1999 (A)
Paddock Park South Ocala, FL  
 630
 6,601
 
 1,544
 630
 8,145
 8,775
 (936) 2016 (A)
Palm Creek Golf & RV Resort Casa Grande, AZ  D 96,555
 11,836
 76,143
 
 24,577
 11,836
 100,720
 112,556
 (27,933) 2012 (A&C)
Palm Key Village Davenport, FL  D 15,900
 3,840
 15,661
 
 811
 3,840
 16,472
 20,312
 (2,602) 2015 (A)
Palm Village Bradenton, FL  
 2,970
 2,849
 
 1,716
 2,970
 4,565
 7,535
 (485) 2016 (A)
Palos Verdes Shores MH & Golf Community (2)
 San Pedro, CA  D 25,446
 
 21,815
 
 2,221
 
 24,036
 24,036
 (2,818) 2016 (A)
Pandion Ridge RV Resort (4)
 Orange Beach, AL  
 12,719
 7,515
 
 
 12,719
 7,515
 20,234
 (146) 2019 (A)
Park Place Sebastian, FL  D 17,650
 1,360
 48,678
 67
 3,037
 1,427
 51,715
 53,142
 (7,747) 2015 (A)
Park Royale Pinellas Park, FL  D 15,722
 670
 29,046
 
 384
 670
 29,430
 30,100
 (4,532) 2015 (A)
Parkside Village Cheektowaga, NY  
 550
 10,402
 
 307
 550
 10,709
 11,259
 (2,021) 2014 (A)
Pebble Creek Greenwood, IN  C 
 1,030
 5,074
 
 11,486
 1,030
 16,560
 17,590
 (7,161) 2000 (A&C)
Pecan Branch Georgetown, TX  C 
 1,379
 
 235
 
 1,614
 18,016
 19,630
 (2,970) 1999 (C)
Pecan Park RV Resort Jacksonville, FL  
 2,000
 5,000
 1,420
 5,872
 3,420
 10,872
 14,292
 (813) 2016 (A)
Pelican Bay Micco, FL  D 6,580
 470
 10,543
 
 1,753
 470
 12,296
 12,766
 (1,896) 2015 (A)
Pelican RV Resort & Marina Marathon, FL  C 
 4,760
 4,742
 
 1,658
 4,760
 6,400
 11,160
 (877) 2016 (A)
Pembroke Downs Chino, CA  D 10,905
 9,560
 7,269
 
 791
 9,560
 8,060
 17,620
 (927) 2016 (A)
Peter’s Pond RV Resort Sandwich, MA  C 
 4,700
 22,840
 
 4,056
 4,700
 26,896
 31,596
 (7,513) 2013 (A)
Petoskey KOA RV Resort Petoskey, MI  
 214
 8,676
 652
 929
 866
 9,605
 10,471
 (507) 2018 (A)
Petoskey RV Resort Petoskey, MI  
 230
 3,270
 
 4,439
 230
 7,709
 7,939
 (846) 2016 (A)
Pheasant Ridge Lancaster, PA  A 20,833
 2,044
 19,279
 
 1,083
 2,044
 20,362
 22,406
 (11,475) 2002 (A)
Pickerel Park RV Resort & Campground Napanee, ON  
 900
 2,125
 (21)
(1 
) 
2,010
 879
 4,135
 5,014
 (406) 2016 (A)
Pin Oak Parc O’Fallon, MO  
 1,038
 3,250
 467
 16,211
 1,505
 19,461
 20,966
 (9,676) 1994 (A&C)
Pine Hills Middlebury, IN  A 2,616
 72
 544
 60
 3,473
 132
 4,017
 4,149
 (2,415) 1980 (A)
SUN COMMUNITIES, INC.
REAL ESTATE AND ACCUMULATED DEPRECIATION, SCHEDULE III
DECEMBER 31, 20182019
(amounts in thousands)

      Initial Cost to Company Costs Capitalized Subsequent to Acquisition (Improvements) Gross Amount Carried at December 31, 2018      
Property Name Location Encumbrance Land Depreciable  Assets Land Depreciable Assets Land Depreciable  Assets Total Accumulated Depreciation Date Acquired (A) or Constructed (C)
Friendly Village of Modesto Modesto, CA D 6,260
 20,885
 
 1,370
 6,260
 22,255
 28,515
 (1,870) 2016 (A)
Friendly Village of Simi Simi Valley, CA D 14,906
 15,986
 
 904
 14,906
 16,890
 31,796
 (1,462) 2016 (A)
Friendly Village of West Covina West Covina, CA D 14,520
 5,221
 
 833
 14,520
 6,054
 20,574
 (547) 2016 (A)
Frontier Town RV Resort & Campground Berlin, MD C 18,960
 43,166
 
 19,610
 18,960
 62,776
 81,736
 (6,512) 2015 (A)
Glen Haven RV Resort Zephyrhills, FL E 1,980
 8,373
 
 1,290
 1,980
 9,663
 11,643
 (874) 2016 (A)
Glen Laurel Concord, NC C 1,641
 453
 
 13,273
 1,641
 13,726
 15,367
 (6,996) 2001 (A&C)
Gold Coaster MH & RV Resort Homestead, FL A 446
 4,234
 172
 5,809
 618
 10,043
 10,661
 (5,122) 1997 (A)
Grand Bay Dunedin, FL  3,460
 6,314
 
 866
 3,460
 7,180
 10,640
 (596) 2016 (A)
Grand Lakes RV Resort Citra, FL C 5,280
 4,501
 
 4,186
 5,280
 8,687
 13,967
 (2,248) 2012 (A)
Grand Mobile Estates Grand Rapids, MI B 374
 3,587
 
 4,077
 374
 7,664
 8,038
 (3,889) 1996 (A)
Grand Oaks RV Resort & Campground Cayuga, ON  970
 4,220
 (66)
(1 
) 
656
 904
 4,876
 5,780
 (370) 2016 (A)
Grove Ridge RV Resort Dade City, FL E 1,290
 5,387
 
 1,702
 1,290
 7,089
 8,379
 (607) 2016 (A)
Groves RV Resort Ft. Myers, FL A 249
 2,396
 
 3,946
 249
 6,342
 6,591
 (3,028) 1997 (A)
Gulfstream Harbor Orlando, FL  14,510
 78,930
 
 5,313
 14,510
 84,243
 98,753
 (10,240) 2015 (A)
Gulliver’s Lake RV Resort & Campground Millgrove, ON  2,950
 2,950
 (200)
(1 
) 
286
 2,750
 3,236
 5,986
 (274) 2016 (A)
Gwynn’s Island RV Resort & Campground Gwynn, VA C 760
 595
 
 1,801
 760
 2,396
 3,156
 (613) 2013 (A)
Hamlin Webberville, MI B 125
 1,675
 536
 13,227
 661
 14,902
 15,563
 (6,811) 1984 (A&C)
Heritage Temecula, CA D 13,200
 7,877
 
 1,017
 13,200
 8,894
 22,094
 (789) 2016 (A)
Hickory Hills Village Battle Creek, MI  760
 7,697
 
 2,227
 760
 9,924
 10,684
 (2,950) 2011 (A)
Hidden Ridge RV Resort Hopkins, MI C 440
 893
 
 3,397
 440
 4,290
 4,730
 (1,020) 2011 (A)
Hidden River RV Resort Riverview, FL  3,950
 6,376
 
 2,459
 3,950
 8,835
 12,785
 (709) 2016 (A)
Hidden Valley RV Resort & Campground Normandale, ON  2,610
 4,170
 (177)
(1 
) 
847
 2,433
 5,017
 7,450
 (419) 2016 (A)
High Point Park Frederica, DE  898
 7,031
 (42)
(3 
) 
7,433
 856
 14,464
 15,320
 (6,972) 1997 (A)
Hill Country Cottage and RV Resort New Braunfels, TX C 3,790
 27,200
 
 2,588
 3,790
 29,788
 33,578
 (3,007) 2016 (A&C)
Holiday West Village Holland, MI B 340
 8,067
 
 866
 340
 8,933
 9,273
 (2,373) 2011 (A)
Holly Forest Estates Holly Hill, FL D 920
 8,376
 
 1,153
 920
 9,529
 10,449
 (6,307) 1997 (A)
Holly Village / Hawaiian Gardens Holly, MI B 1,514
 13,596
 
 5,768
 1,514
 19,364
 20,878
 (8,629) 2004 (A)
Homosassa River RV Resort Homosassa Springs, FL  1,520
 5,020
 
 2,019
 1,520
 7,039
 8,559
 (652) 2016 (A)
Horseshoe Cove RV Resort Bradenton, FL E 9,466
 32,612
 
 3,011
 9,466
 35,623
 45,089
 (3,141) 2016 (A)
Hunters Crossing Capac, MI C 430
 1,092
 
 1,253
 430
 2,345
 2,775
 (490) 2012 (A)
Hunters Glen Wayland, MI C 1,102
 11,926
 
 14,989
 1,102
 26,915
 28,017
 (8,704) 2004 (C)
    Encumbrance Initial Cost to Company Costs Capitalized Subsequent to Acquisition (Improvements) Gross Amount Carried at December 31, 2019      
Property Name Location Group Amount Land Depreciable  Assets Land Depreciable Assets Land Depreciable  Assets Total Accumulated Depreciation Date Acquired (A) or Constructed (C)
Pine Ridge Prince George, VA  B 11,802
 405
 2,397
 1
 22,207
 406
 24,604
 25,010
 (5,299) 1986 (A&C)
Pine Trace Houston, TX  
 2,907
 17,169
 (212)
(3 
) 
15,896
 2,695
 33,065
 35,760
 (14,406) 2004 (A&C)
Pinebrook Village Kentwood, MI  
 130
 5,692
 
 1,443
 130
 7,135
 7,265
 (2,358) 2011 (A)
Pismo Dunes RV Resort Pismo Beach, CA  D 19,725
 11,070
 10,190
 
 1,101
 11,070
 11,291
 22,361
 (964) 2017 (A)
Plantation Landings Haines City, FL  D 12,314
 3,070
 30,973
 
 2,419
 3,070
 33,392
 36,462
 (5,048) 2015 (A)
Pleasant Lake RV Resort Bradenton, FL  E 12,625
 5,220
 20,403
 
 3,592
 5,220
 23,995
 29,215
 (2,898) 2016 (A)
Pony Express RV Resort & Campground North Salt Lake, UT  
 3,429
 4,643
 1
 66
 3,430
 4,709
 8,139
 (347) 2018 (A)
Presidential Estates Mobile Village Hudsonville, MI  B 23,007
 680
 6,314
 
 5,755
 680
 12,069
 12,749
 (7,522) 1996 (A)
Rainbow MH & RV Resort Frostproof, FL  A 4,508
 1,890
 5,682
 
 4,461
 1,890
 10,143
 12,033
 (2,905) 2012 (A)
Rainbow Village of Largo Largo, FL  E 9,070
 4,420
 12,529
 
 3,431
 4,420
 15,960
 20,380
 (2,005) 2016 (A)
Rainbow Village of Zephyrhills Zephyrhills, FL  D 9,200
 1,800
 9,884
 
 2,179
 1,800
 12,063
 13,863
 (1,464) 2016 (A)
Rancho Alipaz (2)
 San Juan Capistrano, CA  D 12,915
 
 2,856
 16,168
 891
 16,168
 3,747
 19,915
 (443) 2016 (A)
Rancho Caballero Riverside, CA  D 15,626
 16,560
 12,446
 
 1,213
 16,560
 13,659
 30,219
 (1,588) 2016 (A)
Rancho Mirage Apache Junction, AZ  B 12,291
 7,510
 22,238
 
 947
 7,510
 23,185
 30,695
 (4,340) 2014 (A)
Red Oaks MH & RV Resort (2)
 Bushnell, FL  
 5,180
 20,499
 
 5,555
 5,180
 26,054
 31,234
 (3,140) 2016 (A)
Regency Heights Clearwater, FL  D 27,525
 11,330
 15,734
 
 2,402
 11,330
 18,136
 29,466
 (2,035) 2016 (A)
Reserve at Fox Creek Bullhead City, AZ  D 15,848
 1,950
 20,074
 
 1,386
 1,950
 21,460
 23,410
 (4,033) 2014 (A)
Reunion Lake RV Resort (4)
 Ponchatoula, LA  
 7,726
 16,146
 
 136
 7,726
 16,282
 24,008
 (302) 2019 (A)
Richmond Place Richmond, MI  A 1,510
 501
 2,040
 (31)
(3 
) 
3,482
 470
 5,522
 5,992
 (2,743) 1998 (A)
Riptide RV Resort & Marina Key Largo, FL  
 2,440
 991
 
 1,748
 2,440
 2,739
 5,179
 (327) 2016 (A)
River Haven Village Grand Haven, MI  
 1,800
 16,967
 
 15,766
 1,800
 32,733
 34,533
 (14,666) 2001 (A)
River Pines (4)
 Nashua, NH  C 
 2,739
 37,802
 
 6
 2,739
 37,808
 40,547
 (630) 2019 (A)
River Plantation RV Resort (4)
 Sevierville, TN  
 3,730
 19,736
 
 225
 3,730
 19,961
 23,691
 (366) 2019 (A)
River Ranch Austin, TX  C 
 4,690
 843
 182
 41,585
 4,872
 42,428
 47,300
 (12,285) 2000 (A&C)
River Ridge Estates Austin, TX  A 8,745
 3,201
 15,090
 
 8,023
 3,201
 23,113
 26,314
 (12,035) 2002 (C)
River Run Granby, CO  
 8,642
 
 130
 
 8,772
 82,667
 91,439
 (798) 2018 (C)
Riverside Club Ruskin, FL  D 39,768
 1,600
 66,207
 
 7,688
 1,600
 73,895
 75,495
 (10,799) 2015 (A)
Rock Crusher Canyon RV Resort Crystal River, FL  C 
 420
 5,542
 168
 4,046
 588
 9,588
 10,176
 (1,394) 2015 (A)
Rolling Hills (4)
 Storrs, CT  C 
 3,960
 3,755
 
 8
 3,960
 3,763
 7,723
 (63) 2019 (A)
Roxbury Park Goshen, IN  
 1,057
 9,870
 1
 4,643
 1,058
 14,513
 15,571
 (7,647) 2001 (A)
SUN COMMUNITIES, INC.
REAL ESTATE AND ACCUMULATED DEPRECIATION, SCHEDULE III
DECEMBER 31, 20182019
(amounts in thousands)

      Initial Cost to Company Costs Capitalized Subsequent to Acquisition (Improvements) Gross Amount Carried at December 31, 2018      
Property Name Location Encumbrance Land Depreciable  Assets Land Depreciable Assets Land Depreciable  Assets Total Accumulated Depreciation Date Acquired (A) or Constructed (C)
Indian Creek Park Ft. Myers Beach, FL D 3,832
 34,660
 
 11,988
 3,832
 46,648
 50,480
 (29,971) 1996 (A)
Indian Creek RV & Camping Resort Geneva on the Lake, OH C 420
 20,791
 (5)
(3 
) 
7,888
 415
 28,679
 29,094
 (5,188) 2013 (A&C)
Indian Wells RV Resort Indio, CA D 2,880
 19,470
 
 3,213
 2,880
 22,683
 25,563
 (1,969) 2016 (A)
Island Lakes Merritt Island, FL D 700
 6,431
 
 953
 700
 7,384
 8,084
 (5,292) 1995 (A)
Jellystone Park™ at Birchwood Acres MH & RV Resort Greenfield Park, NY A 560
 5,527
 
 7,256
 560
 12,783
 13,343
 (2,851) 2013 (A)
Jellystone Park™ at Gardiner (4)
 Gardiner, NY  873
 28,406
 
 449
 873
 28,855
 29,728
 (669) 2018 (A)
Jellystone Park™ at Golden Valley (4) (5)
 Bostic, NC  4,829
 4,260
 
 9,412
 4,829
 13,672
 18,501
 (119) 2018 (A&C)
Jellystone Park™ at Guadalupe River (4)
 Kerrville, TX  2,519
 23,939
 
 594
 2,519
 24,533
 27,052
 (555) 2018 (A)
Jellystone Park™ at Hill Country (4)
 Canyon Lake, TX  1,991
 20,709
 
 74
 1,991
 20,783
 22,774
 (428) 2018 (A)
Jellystone Park™ at Larkspur Larkspur, CO  1,880
 5,521
 
 11,277
 1,880
 16,798
 18,678
 (620) 2016 (A)
Jellystone Park™ at Luray(4)
 East Luray, VA  3,164
 29,588
 
 476
 3,164
 30,064
 33,228
 (645) 2018 (A)
Jellystone Park™ at Maryland (4)
 Williamsport, MD  2,096
 23,737
 
 131
 2,096
 23,868
 25,964
 (539) 2018 (A)
Jellystone Park™ at Memphis (4)
 Horn Lake, TN A 889
 6,846
 
 16
 889
 6,862
 7,751
 (151) 2018 (A)
Jellystone Park™ at Quarryville (4)
 Quarryville, PA  3,882
 33,781
 
 59
 3,882
 33,840
 37,722
 (726) 2018 (A)
Jellystone Park™ at Tower Park (4)
 Lodi, CA  2,560
 29,819
 
 963
 2,560
 30,782
 33,342
 (661) 2018 (A)
Jellystone Park™ of Western New York North Java, NY A 870
 8,884
 
 6,801
 870
 15,685
 16,555
 (3,537) 2013 (A)
Kensington Meadows Lansing, MI B 250
 2,699
 
 8,762
 250
 11,461
 11,711
 (6,971) 1995 (A&C)
Kimberly Estates Newport, MI C 1,250
 6,160
 
 10,017
 1,250
 16,177
 17,427
 (1,772) 2016 (A)
King’s Lake DeBary, FL D 280
 2,542
 
 2,808
 280
 5,350
 5,630
 (3,478) 1994 (A)
King’s Pointe Lake Alfred, FL B 510
 16,763
 
 502
 510
 17,265
 17,775
 (2,069) 2015 (A)
King’s Court Mobile Village Traverse City, MI  1,473
 13,782
 269
 12,730
 1,742
 26,512
 28,254
 (12,318) 1996 (A&C)
Kings Manor Lakeland, FL  2,270
 5,578
 
 3,708
 2,270
 9,286
 11,556
 (711) 2016 (A)
Kissimmee Gardens Kissimmee, FL  3,270
 14,402
 
 1,369
 3,270
 15,771
 19,041
 (1,351) 2016 (A)
Kissimmee South MH & RV Resort Davenport, FL  3,740
 6,819
 
 2,763
 3,740
 9,582
 13,322
 (785) 2016 (A)
Knollwood Estates Allendale, MI A 400
 4,061
 
 3,894
 400
 7,955
 8,355
 (4,173) 2001 (A)
La Casa Blanca Apache Junction, AZ B 4,370
 14,142
 
 592
 4,370
 14,734
 19,104
 (2,300) 2014 (A)
La Costa Village Port Orange, FL D 3,640
 62,315
 
 1,251
 3,640
 63,566
 67,206
 (7,638) 2015 (A)
La Hacienda RV Resort Austin, TX C 3,670
 22,225
 
 926
 3,670
 23,151
 26,821
 (3,421) 2015 (A)
Lafayette Place Warren, MI A 669
 5,979
 
 8,105
 669
 14,084
 14,753
 (7,711) 1998 (A)
Lafontaine RV Resort & Campground Tiny, ON  1,290
 2,075
 (87)
(1 
) 
1,354
 1,203
 3,429
 4,632
 (236) 2016 (A)
Lake Avenue RV Resort & Campground Cherry Valley, ON  670
 1,290
 (45)
(1 
) 
505
 625
 1,795
 2,420
 (155) 2016 (A)
    Encumbrance Initial Cost to Company Costs Capitalized Subsequent to Acquisition (Improvements) Gross Amount Carried at December 31, 2019      
Property Name Location Group Amount Land Depreciable  Assets Land Depreciable Assets Land Depreciable  Assets Total Accumulated Depreciation Date Acquired (A) or Constructed (C)
Royal Country Miami, FL  E 58,500
 2,290
 20,758
 
 2,999
 2,290
 23,757
 26,047
 (18,859) 1994 (A)
Royal Palm Village Haines City, FL  E 11,305
 1,730
 27,446
 
 3,559
 1,730
 31,005
 32,735
 (4,788) 2015 (A)
Royal Palms MH & RV Resort (2)
 Cathedral City, CA  
 
 21,660
 
 2,184
 
 23,844
 23,844
 (2,753) 2016 (A)
Rudgate Clinton Clinton Township, MI  A 25,221
 1,090
 23,664
 
 9,213
 1,090
 32,877
 33,967
 (9,065) 2012 (A)
Rudgate Manor Sterling Heights, MI  A 15,091
 1,440
 31,110
 
 12,629
 1,440
 43,739
 45,179
 (11,860) 2012 (A)
Saco / Old Orchard Beach KOA Saco, ME  C 
 790
 3,576
 
 5,404
 790
 8,980
 9,770
 (2,010) 2014 (A)
Saddle Oak Club Ocala, FL  D 19,894
 730
 6,743
 
 1,778
 730
 8,521
 9,251
 (6,322) 1995 (A)
Saddlebrook San Marcos, TX  
 1,703
 11,843
 
 26,740
 1,703
 38,583
 40,286
 (12,744) 2002 (C)
San Pedro RV Resort & Marina (6)
 Islamorada, FL  
 3,110
 2,416
 
 (1,146) 3,110
 1,270
 4,380
 (1) 2016 (A)
Sandy Lake MH & RV Resort Carrolton, TX  
 730
 17,837
 
 1,605
 730
 19,442
 20,172
 (2,319) 2016 (A)
Saralake Estates Sarasota, FL  
 6,540
 11,403
 
 1,218
 6,540
 12,621
 19,161
 (1,519) 2016 (A)
Savanna Club Port St. Lucie, FL  D 67,035
 12,810
 79,887
 
 373
 12,810
 80,260
 93,070
 (12,418) 2015 (A&C)
Scio Farms Estates Ann Arbor, MI  B 56,802
 2,300
 22,659
 (11)
(3 
) 
15,698
 2,289
 38,357
 40,646
 (25,128) 1995 (A&C)
Sea Air Village Rehoboth Beach, DE  
 1,207
 10,179
 
 2,586
 1,207
 12,765
 13,972
 (7,032) 1997 (A)
Sea Breeze MH & RV Resort (6)
 Islamorada, FL  
 7,390
 4,616
 2,312
 (2,426) 9,702
 2,190
 11,892
 (3) 2016 (A)
Seaport RV Resort Old Mystic, CT  C 
 120
 290
 
 2,497
 120
 2,787
 2,907
 (1,252) 2013 (A)
Seashore Campsites & RV Resort Cape May, NJ  D 15,515
 1,030
 23,228
 
 2,951
 1,030
 26,179
 27,209
 (5,486) 2014 (A)
Serendipity North Fort Myers, FL  B 10,142
 1,160
 23,522
 
 3,404
 1,160
 26,926
 28,086
 (4,289) 2015 (A)
Settler’s Rest RV Resort Zephyrhills, FL  C 
 1,760
 7,685
 
 1,864
 1,760
 9,549
 11,309
 (1,141) 2016 (A)
Shadow Wood Village Hudson, FL  
 4,520
 3,898
 664
 4,103
 5,184
 8,001
 13,185
 (625) 2016 (A)
Shady Pines MH & RV Resort Galloway Township, NJ  
 1,060
 3,768
 
 1,329
 1,060
 5,097
 6,157
 (610) 2016 (A)
Shady Road Villas Ocala, FL  
 450
 2,819
 
 1,887
 450
 4,706
 5,156
 (499) 2016 (A)
Sheffield Estates Auburn Hills, MI  C 
 778
 7,165
 
 2,204
 778
 9,369
 10,147
 (4,474) 2006 (A)
Shelby Forest (4)
 Shelby Twp, MI  
 4,050
 42,362
 
 87
 4,050
 42,449
 46,499
 (895) 2019 (A)
Shelby West (4)
 Shelby Twp, MI  
 5,676
 38,933
 
 7
 5,676
 38,940
 44,616
 (714) 2019 (A)
Shell Creek RV Resort & Marina Punta Gorda, FL  E 6,423
 2,200
 9,662
 
 2,455
 2,200
 12,117
 14,317
 (1,366) 2016 (A)
Sherkston Shores Beach Resort & Campground Sherkston, ON  
 22,750
 97,164
 (110)
(1 
) 
8,899
 22,640
 106,063
 128,703
 (12,728) 2016 (A)
Siesta Bay RV Park Ft. Myers, FL  A 30,733
 2,051
 18,549
 5
 5,041
 2,056
 23,590
 25,646
 (16,378) 1996 (A)
SUN COMMUNITIES, INC.
REAL ESTATE AND ACCUMULATED DEPRECIATION, SCHEDULE III
DECEMBER 31, 20182019
(amounts in thousands)

      Initial Cost to Company Costs Capitalized Subsequent to Acquisition (Improvements) Gross Amount Carried at December 31, 2018      
Property Name Location Encumbrance Land Depreciable  Assets Land Depreciable Assets Land Depreciable  Assets Total Accumulated Depreciation Date Acquired (A) or Constructed (C)
Lake in Wood RV Resort Narvon, PA A 7,360
 7,097
 
 2,107
 7,360
 9,204
 16,564
 (2,296) 2012 (A)
Lake Josephine RV Resort Sebring, FL  490
 2,830
 
 838
 490
 3,668
 4,158
 (176) 2016 (A)
Lake Juliana Landings Auburndale, FL A 335
 3,048
 
 1,821
 335
 4,869
 5,204
 (3,198) 1994 (A)
Lake Pointe Village Mulberry, FL D 480
 29,795
 
 444
 480
 30,239
 30,719
 (3,619) 2015 (A)
Lake Rudolph Campground & RV Resort Santa Claus, IN A 2,340
 28,113
 
 8,092
 2,340
 36,205
 38,545
 (7,922) 2014 (A&C)
Lake San Marino RV Park Naples, FL A 650
 5,760
 
 4,576
 650
 10,336
 10,986
 (5,575) 1996 (A)
Lakefront Lakeside, CA D 21,556
 17,440
 
 1,050
 21,556
 18,490
 40,046
 (1,608) 2016 (A)
Lakeland RV Resort Lakeland, FL  1,730
 5,524
 
 1,812
 1,730
 7,336
 9,066
 (607) 2016 (A)
Lakeshore Landings Orlando, FL D 2,570
 19,481
 
 1,351
 2,570
 20,832
 23,402
 (3,222) 2014 (A)
Lakeshore Villas Tampa, FL B 3,080
 18,983
 
 843
 3,080
 19,826
 22,906
 (2,363) 2015 (A)
Lakeside Crossing Conway, SC D 3,520
 31,615
 
 8,838
 3,520
 40,453
 43,973
 (4,162) 2015 (A&C)
Lakeview Ypsilanti, MI C 1,156
 10,903
 
 7,166
 1,156
 18,069
 19,225
 (8,051) 2004 (A)
Lamplighter Port Orange, FL B 1,330
 12,846
 
 695
 1,330
 13,541
 14,871
 (1,629) 2015 (A)
Lazy J Ranch Arcata, CA  7,100
 6,838
 
 84
 7,100
 6,922
 14,022
 (371) 2017 (A)
Leaf Verde RV Resort (4)
 Buckeye, AZ  3,417
 8,437
 
 
 3,417
 8,437
 11,854
 (1) 2018 (A)
Leisure Village Belmont, MI C 360
 8,219
 113
 1,612
 473
 9,831
 10,304
 (2,233) 2011 (A)
Lemon Wood Ventura, CA D 19,540
 6,918
 
 1,068
 19,540
 7,986
 27,526
 (692) 2016 (A)
Liberty Farm Valparaiso, IN C 66
 1,201
 116
 3,630
 182
 4,831
 5,013
 (2,829) 1985 (A&C)
Lincoln Estates Holland, MI  455
 4,201
 
 2,625
 455
 6,826
 7,281
 (4,150) 1996 (A)
Long Beach RV Resort & Campground Barnegat, NJ  710
 3,414
 
 1,174
 710
 4,588
 5,298
 (373) 2016 (A)
Majestic Oaks RV Resort Zephyrhills, FL E 3,940
 4,725
 28
 1,984
 3,968
 6,709
 10,677
 (571) 2016 (A)
Maple Brook Matteson, IL D 8,460
 48,865
 
 574
 8,460
 49,439
 57,899
 (7,676) 2014 (A)
Maplewood Manor Brunswick, ME E 1,770
 12,982
 
 1,513
 1,770
 14,495
 16,265
 (2,255) 2014 (A)
Marco Naples RV Resort Naples, FL  2,790
 10,458
 
 2,308
 2,790
 12,766
 15,556
 (1,104) 2016 (A)
Meadow Lake Estates White Lake, MI  1,188
 11,498
 127
 8,277
 1,315
 19,775
 21,090
 (13,621) 1994 (A)
Meadowbrook Charlotte, NC C 1,310
 6,570
 
 14,531
 1,310
 21,101
 22,411
 (9,507) 2000 (A&C)
Meadowbrook Estates Monroe, MI A 431
 3,320
 379
 14,782
 810
 18,102
 18,912
 (10,729) 1986 (A)
Meadowbrook Village Tampa, FL B 519
 4,728
 
 1,249
 519
 5,977
 6,496
 (4,321) 1994 (A)
Meadowlands of Gibraltar Gibraltar, MI A 640
 7,673
 
 4,913
 640
 12,586
 13,226
 (1,848) 2015 (A)
Merrymeeting Brunswick, ME C 250
 1,020
 
 881
 250
 1,901
 2,151
 (342) 2014 (A)
Mill Creek MH & RV Resort Kissimmee, FL  1,400
 4,839
 
 2,530
 1,400
 7,369
 8,769
 (632) 2016 (A)
Mi-Te-Jo Campground (4)
 Milton, NH  1,416
 7,580
 
 482
 1,416
 8,062
 9,478
 (166) 2018 (A)
Moab Valley RV Resort & Campground (4)
 Moab, UT  3,693
 8,732
 
 244
 3,693
 8,976
 12,669
 (178) 2018 (A)
      Initial Cost to Company Costs Capitalized Subsequent to Acquisition (Improvements) Gross Amount Carried at December 31, 2018      
Property Name Location Encumbrance Land Depreciable  Assets Land Depreciable Assets Land Depreciable  Assets Total Accumulated Depreciation Date Acquired (A) or Constructed (C)
Mountain View Mesa, AZ B 5,490
 12,325
 
 407
 5,490
 12,732
 18,222
 (1,998) 2014 (A)
Napa Valley Napa, CA D 17,740
 11,675
 
 680
 17,740
 12,355
 30,095
 (1,109) 2016 (A)
Naples RV Resort Naples, FL C 3,640
 2,020
 
 1,958
 3,640
 3,978
 7,618
 (1,108) 2011 (A)
New Point RV Resort New Point, VA C 1,550
 5,259
 
 4,073
 1,550
 9,332
 10,882
 (2,186) 2013 (A)
New Ranch Clearwater, FL  2,270
 2,723
 
 944
 2,270
 3,667
 5,937
 (293) 2016 (A)
North Lake Estates Moore Haven, FL C 4,150
 3,486
 
 1,801
 4,150
 5,287
 9,437
 (1,631) 2011 (A)
North Point Estates Pueblo, CO C 1,582
 3,027
 
 4,550
 1,582
 7,577
 9,159
 (3,941) 2001 (C)
Northville Crossing Northville, MI B 1,236
 29,564
 
 8,360
 1,236
 37,924
 39,160
 (10,422) 2012 (A)
Oak Creek Coarsegold, CA B 4,760
 11,185
 
 1,483
 4,760
 12,668
 17,428
 (1,967) 2014 (A)
Oak Crest Austin, TX B 4,311
 12,611
 4,365
 8,101
 8,676
 20,712
 29,388
 (8,909) 2002 (C)
Oak Island Village East Lansing, MI  320
 6,843
 
 2,970
 320
 9,813
 10,133
 (2,798) 2011 (A)
Oak Ridge Manteno, IL D 1,090
 36,941
 
 3,255
 1,090
 40,196
 41,286
 (6,291) 2014 (A)
Oakview Estates Arcadia, FL  850
 3,881
 
 1,221
 850
 5,102
 5,952
 (415) 2016 (A)
Oakwood Village Miamisburg, OH B 1,964
 6,401
 
 14,183
 1,964
 20,584
 22,548
 (11,699) 1998 (A&C)
Ocean Breeze Jensen Beach MH & RV Resort Jensen Beach, FL  19,026
 13,862
 
 22,498
 19,026
 36,360
 55,386
 (2,016) 2016 (A&C)
Ocean Breeze MH & RV Resort (6)
 Marathon, FL  2,330
 1,770
 
 (150) 2,330
 1,620
 3,950
 
 2016 (A)
Ocean West McKinleyville, CA B 5,040
 4,413
 345
 149
 5,385
 4,562
 9,947
 (239) 2017 (A)
Oceanside RV Resort &
Campground (4)
 Coos Bay, OR  2,718
 3,244
 
 54
 2,718
 3,298
 6,016
 (73) 2018 (A)
Orange City MH & RV Resort Orange City, FL C 920
 5,540
 
 2,334
 920
 7,874
 8,794
 (2,002) 2011 (A)
Orange Tree Village Orange City, FL D 283
 2,530
 15
 1,121
 298
 3,651
 3,949
 (2,642) 1994 (A)
Orchard Lake Milford, OH C 395
 4,025
 (15)
(3 
) 
2,168
 380
 6,193
 6,573
 (3,059) 1999 (A)
Paddock Park South Ocala, FL  630
 6,601
 
 1,165
 630
 7,766
 8,396
 (632) 2016 (A)
Palm Creek Golf & RV Resort Casa Grande, AZ D 11,836
 76,143
 
 23,627
 11,836
 99,770
 111,606
 (23,840) 2012 (A&C)
Palm Key Village Davenport, FL B 3,840
 15,661
 
 934
 3,840
 16,595
 20,435
 (2,067) 2015 (A)
Palm Village Bradenton, FL  2,970
 2,849
 
 1,174
 2,970
 4,023
 6,993
 (319) 2016 (A)
Palos Verdes Shores MH & Golf Community (2)
 San Pedro, CA D 
 21,815
 
 2,043
 
 23,858
 23,858
 (1,986) 2016 (A)
Park Place Sebastian, FL D 1,360
 48,678
 67
 2,856
 1,427
 51,534
 52,961
 (5,975) 2015 (A)
Park Royale Pinellas Park, FL D 670
 29,046
 
 372
 670
 29,418
 30,088
 (3,540) 2015 (A)
Parkside Village Cheektowaga, NY B 550
 10,402
 
 292
 550
 10,694
 11,244
 (1,646) 2014 (A)
Pebble Creek Greenwood, IN C 1,030
 5,074
 
 9,182
 1,030
 14,256
 15,286
 (6,632) 2000 (A&C)
Pecan Branch Georgetown, TX C 1,379
 
 235
 10,234
 1,614
 10,234
 11,848
 (2,267) 1999 (C)
Pecan Park RV Resort Jacksonville, FL  2,000
 5,000
 1,417
 1,051
 3,417
 6,051
 9,468
 (493) 2016 (A)
Pelican Bay Micco, FL D 470
 10,543
 
 1,646
 470
 12,189
 12,659
 (1,428) 2015 (A)
    Encumbrance Initial Cost to Company Costs Capitalized Subsequent to Acquisition (Improvements) Gross Amount Carried at December 31, 2019      
Property Name Location Group Amount Land Depreciable  Assets Land Depreciable Assets Land Depreciable  Assets Total Accumulated Depreciation Date Acquired (A) or Constructed (C)
Silver Birches RV Resort & Campground Lambton Shores, ON  
 880
 1,540
 (21)
(1 
) 
516
 859
 2,056
 2,915
 (259) 2016 (A)
Silver Creek RV Resort Mears, MI  
 605
 7,014
 3
 1,062
 608
 8,076
 8,684
 (448) 2018 (C)
Silver Springs Clinton Township, MI  B 6,938
 861
 16,595
 
 3,521
 861
 20,116
 20,977
 (5,954) 2012 (A)
Sky Harbor Cheektowaga, NY  A 13,705
 2,318
 24,253
 
 6,058
 2,318
 30,311
 32,629
 (5,427) 2014 (A)
Skyline Fort Collins, CO  E 9,882
 2,260
 12,120
 
 759
 2,260
 12,879
 15,139
 (2,490) 2014 (A)
Slickrock RV Resort & Campground (4)
 Moab, UT  
 
 
 
 8,515
 
 8,515
 8,515
 
 2019 (A)
Smith Creek Crossing Granby, CO  
 1,395
 
 20
 
 1,415
 11,986
 13,401
 (1) 2018 (C)
Southern Charm MH & RV Resort Zephyrhills, FL  E 11,767
 4,940
 17,366
 
 2,691
 4,940
 20,057
 24,997
 (2,482) 2016 (A)
Southern Hills / Northridge Place Stewartville, MN  E 7,576
 360
 12,723
 
 12,551
 360
 25,274
 25,634
 (4,739) 2014 (A&C)
Southern Palms (4)
 Ladson, SC  C 
 2,351
 9,441
 
 15
 2,351
 9,456
 11,807
 (597) 2019 (A)
Southern Pines Bradenton, FL  
 1,710
 3,337
 
 1,323
 1,710
 4,660
 6,370
 (570) 2016 (A)
Southfork Belton, MO  A 6,894
 1,000
 9,011
 
 9,350
 1,000
 18,361
 19,361
 (9,230) 1997 (A)
Southport Springs Golf & Country Club Zephyrhills, FL  D 34,500
 15,060
 17,229
 
 3,551
 15,060
 20,780
 35,840
 (3,110) 2015 (A&C)
Southside Landing (4)
 Cambridge, MD  C 
 1,004
 2,535
 
 6
 1,004
 2,541
 3,545
 (42) 2019 (A)
Southwood Village Grand Rapids, MI  
 300
 11,517
 
 1,876
 300
 13,393
 13,693
 (3,870) 2011 (A)
Spanish Main MH & RV Resort Thonotasassa, FL  
 2,390
 8,159
 
 4,663
 2,390
 12,822
 15,212
 (1,320) 2016 (A)
St. Clair Place St. Clair, MI  A 1,647
 501
 2,029
 
 2,376
 501
 4,405
 4,906
 (2,313) 1998 (A)
Strafford/Lake Winnipesaukee South KOA (2) (4)
 Strafford, NH  
 
 
 304
 2,943
 304
 2,943
 3,247
 (52) 2019 (A)
Stonebridge (MI) Richfield Twp, MI  
 2,044
 
 246
 
 2,290
 2,231
 4,521
 (61) 1998 (C)
Stonebridge (TX) San Antonio, TX  C 
 2,515
 2,096
 (615)
(3 
) 
6,332
 1,900
 8,428
 10,328
 (4,690) 2000 (A&C)
Stonebrook Homosassa, FL  
 650
 14,063
 
 1,006
 650
 15,069
 15,719
 (2,254) 2015 (A)
Summit Ridge Converse, TX  C 
 2,615
 2,092
 (883)
(3 
) 
21,067
 1,732
 23,159
 24,891
 (9,639) 2000 (A&C)
Sun N Fun RV Resort Sarasota, FL  D 74,567
 50,952
 117,457
 (138)
(3 
) 
8,517
 50,814
 125,974
 176,788
 (16,768) 2016 (A)
Sun Valley Apache Junction, AZ  D 12,244
 2,750
 18,408
 
 1,933
 2,750
 20,341
 23,091
 (3,776) 2014 (A)
Sun Villa Estates Reno, NV  B 24,565
 2,385
 11,773
 (1,100)
(3 
) 
2,313
 1,285
 14,086
 15,371
 (8,911) 1998 (A)
Suncoast Gateway Port Richey, FL  
 594
 300
 
 818
 594
 1,118
 1,712
 (335) 2016 (A)
Sundance Zephyrhills, FL  B 12,700
 890
 25,306
 
 1,080
 890
 26,386
 27,276
 (4,056) 2015 (A)
Sunlake Estates Grand Island, FL  D 21,288
 6,290
 24,084
 
 2,491
 6,290
 26,575
 32,865
 (4,032) 2015 (A)
Sunset Beach RV Resort Cape Charles, VA  
 3,800
 24,030
 
 
 3,800
 24,030
 27,830
 (2,965) 2016 (A)
Sunset Harbor at Cow Key Marina Key West, FL  
 8,570
 7,636
 
 1,491
 8,570
 9,127
 17,697
 (973) 2016 (A)
      Initial Cost to Company Costs Capitalized Subsequent to Acquisition (Improvements) Gross Amount Carried at December 31, 2018      
Property Name Location Encumbrance Land Depreciable  Assets Land Depreciable Assets Land Depreciable  Assets Total Accumulated Depreciation Date Acquired (A) or Constructed (C)
Pelican RV Resort & Marina Marathon, FL  4,760
 4,742
 
 1,621
 4,760
 6,363
 11,123
 (576) 2016 (A)
Pembroke Downs Chino, CA D 9,560
 7,269
 
 757
 9,560
 8,026
 17,586
 (654) 2016 (A)
Peter’s Pond RV Resort Sandwich, MA C 4,700
 22,840
 
 3,485
 4,700
 26,325
 31,025
 (6,334) 2013 (A)
Petoskey KOA RV Resort (4)
 Petoskey, MI  214
 8,676
 
 11
 214
 8,687
 8,901
 (160) 2018 (A)
Petoskey RV Resort Petoskey, MI  230
 3,270
 
 3,391
 230
 6,661
 6,891
 (502) 2016 (A)
Pheasant Ridge Lancaster, PA A 2,044
 19,279
 
 878
 2,044
 20,157
 22,201
 (10,794) 2002 (A)
Pickerel Park RV Resort & Campground Napanee, ON  900
 2,125
 (61)
(1 
) 
1,029
 839
 3,154
 3,993
 (233) 2016 (A)
Pin Oak Parc O’Fallon, MO  1,038
 3,250
 467
 15,333
 1,505
 18,583
 20,088
 (8,942) 1994 (A&C)
Pine Hills Middlebury, IN A 72
 544
 60
 3,394
 132
 3,938
 4,070
 (2,313) 1980 (A)
Pine Ridge Prince George, VA B 405
 2,397
 
 13,415
 405
 15,812
 16,217
 (4,460) 1986 (A&C)
Pine Trace Houston, TX C 2,907
 17,169
 (257)
(3 
) 
17,555
 2,650
 34,724
 37,374
 (13,644) 2004 (A&C)
Pinebrook Village Kentwood, MI C 130
 5,692
 
 1,583
 130
 7,275
 7,405
 (2,193) 2011 (A)
Pismo Dunes RV Resort Pismo Beach, CA  11,070
 10,190
 
 866
 11,070
 11,056
 22,126
 (564) 2017 (A)
Plantation Landings Haines City, FL D 3,070
 30,973
 
 2,069
 3,070
 33,042
 36,112
 (3,882) 2015 (A)
Pleasant Lake RV Resort Bradenton, FL E 5,220
 20,403
 
 2,999
 5,220
 23,402
 28,622
 (1,988) 2016 (A)
Pony Express RV Resort & Campground (4)
 North Salt Lake, UT  3,429
 4,643
 
 5
 3,429
 4,648
 8,077
 (118) 2018 (A)
Presidential Estates Mobile Village Hudsonville, MI B 680
 6,314
 
 6,157
 680
 12,471
 13,151
 (7,600) 1996 (A)
Rainbow MH & RV Resort Frostproof, FL A 1,890
 5,682
 
 4,210
 1,890
 9,892
 11,782
 (2,449) 2012 (A)
Rainbow Village of Largo Largo, FL E 4,420
 12,529
 
 2,979
 4,420
 15,508
 19,928
 (1,356) 2016 (A)
Rainbow Village of Zephyrhills Zephyrhills, FL  1,800
 9,884
 
 1,907
 1,800
 11,791
 13,591
 (1,007) 2016 (A)
Rancho Alipaz (2)
 San Juan Capistrano, CA D 
 2,856
 16,165
 861
 16,165
 3,717
 19,882
 (310) 2016 (A)
Rancho Caballero Riverside, CA D 16,560
 12,446
 
 1,168
 16,560
 13,614
 30,174
 (1,120) 2016 (A)
Rancho Mirage Apache Junction, AZ B 7,510
 22,238
 
 921
 7,510
 23,159
 30,669
 (3,528) 2014 (A)
Red Oaks MH & RV Resort (2)
 Bushnell, FL  5,180
 20,499
 
 4,089
 5,180
 24,588
 29,768
 (2,134) 2016 (A)
Regency Heights Clearwater, FL  11,330
 15,734
 
 1,565
 11,330
 17,299
 28,629
 (1,421) 2016 (A)
Reserve at Fox Creek Bullhead City, AZ D 1,950
 20,074
 
 1,250
 1,950
 21,324
 23,274
 (3,256) 2014 (A)
Richmond Place Richmond, MI A 501
 2,040
 (31)
(3 
) 
3,222
 470
 5,262
 5,732
 (2,530) 1998 (A)
Riptide RV Resort & Marina Key Largo, FL  2,440
 991
 
 1,724
 2,440
 2,715
 5,155
 (203) 2016 (A)
River Haven Village Grand Haven, MI C 1,800
 16,967
 
 14,422
 1,800
 31,389
 33,189
 (13,636) 2001 (A)
River Ranch Austin, TX C 4,690
 843
 182
 42,959
 4,872
 43,802
 48,674
 (11,408) 2000 (A&C)
River Ridge Estates Austin, TX A 3,201
 15,090
 
 8,941
 3,201
 24,031
 27,232
 (11,751) 2002 (C)
River Run Ranch (4) (5)
 Granby, CO  8,642
 
 
 9,153
 8,642
 9,153
 17,795
 
 2018 (C)
SUN COMMUNITIES, INC.
      Initial Cost to Company Costs Capitalized Subsequent to Acquisition (Improvements) Gross Amount Carried at December 31, 2018      
Property Name Location Encumbrance Land Depreciable  Assets Land Depreciable Assets Land Depreciable  Assets Total Accumulated Depreciation Date Acquired (A) or Constructed (C)
Riverside Club Ruskin, FL D 1,600
 66,207
 
 5,123
 1,600
 71,330
 72,930
 (8,321) 2015 (A)
Rock Crusher Canyon RV Resort Crystal River, FL C 420
 5,542
 166
 3,162
 586
 8,704
 9,290
 (1,234) 2015 (A)
Roxbury Park Goshen, IN B 1,057
 9,870
 
 4,204
 1,057
 14,074
 15,131
 (7,229) 2001 (A)
Royal Country Miami, FL E 2,290
 20,758
 
 2,546
 2,290
 23,304
 25,594
 (18,076) 1994 (A)
Royal Palm Village Haines City, FL E 1,730
 27,446
 
 3,248
 1,730
 30,694
 32,424
 (3,666) 2015 (A)
Royal Palms MH & RV Resort (2)
 Cathedral City, CA  
 21,660
 
 1,364
 
 23,024
 23,024
 (1,946) 2016 (A)
Rudgate Clinton Clinton Township, MI A 1,090
 23,664
 
 8,224
 1,090
 31,888
 32,978
 (7,712) 2012 (A)
Rudgate Manor Sterling Heights, MI A 1,440
 31,110
 
 11,129
 1,440
 42,239
 43,679
 (10,136) 2012 (A)
Saco / Old Orchard Beach KOA Saco, ME C 790
 3,576
 
 5,361
 790
 8,937
 9,727
 (1,577) 2014 (A)
Saddle Oak Club Ocala, FL D 730
 6,743
 
 1,605
 730
 8,348
 9,078
 (6,101) 1995 (A)
Saddlebrook San Marcos, TX C 1,703
 11,843
 
 23,412
 1,703
 35,255
 36,958
 (11,682) 2002 (C)
San Pedro RV Resort & Marina (6)
 Islamorada, FL  3,110
 2,416
 
 (1,885) 3,110
 531
 3,641
 
 2016 (A)
Sandy Lake MH & RV Resort Carrolton, TX  730
 17,837
 
 1,499
 730
 19,336
 20,066
 (1,636) 2016 (A)
Saralake Estates Sarasota, FL  6,540
 11,403
 
 1,027
 6,540
 12,430
 18,970
 (1,072) 2016 (A)
Savanna Club Port St. Lucie, FL D 12,810
 79,887
 
 287
 12,810
 80,174
 92,984
 (9,659) 2015 (A&C)
Scio Farms Estates Ann Arbor, MI B 2,300
 22,659
 (12)
(3 
) 
15,500
 2,288
 38,159
 40,447
 (24,534) 1995 (A&C)
Sea Air Village Rehoboth Beach, DE  1,207
 10,179
 
 2,492
 1,207
 12,671
 13,878
 (6,626) 1997 (A)
Sea Breeze MH & RV Resort (6)
 Islamorada, FL  7,390
 4,616
 2,311
 (3,397) 9,701
 1,219
 10,920
 
 2016 (A)
Seaport RV Resort Old Mystic, CT C 120
 290
 
 2,481
 120
 2,771
 2,891
 (1,076) 2013 (A)
Seashore Campsites & RV Resort Cape May, NJ D 1,030
 23,228
 
 2,735
 1,030
 25,963
 26,993
 (4,473) 2014 (A)
Serendipity North Fort Myers, FL B 1,160
 23,522
 
 3,092
 1,160
 26,614
 27,774
 (3,287) 2015 (A)
Settler’s Rest RV Resort Zephyrhills, FL  1,760
 7,685
 
 1,468
 1,760
 9,153
 10,913
 (782) 2016 (A)
Shadow Wood Village Hudson, FL  4,520
 3,898
 
 1,525
 4,520
 5,423
 9,943
 (388) 2016 (A)
Shady Pines MH & RV Resort Galloway Township, NJ  1,060
 3,768
 
 1,247
 1,060
 5,015
 6,075
 (412) 2016 (A)
Shady Road Villas Ocala, FL  450
 2,819
 
 1,051
 450
 3,870
 4,320
 (304) 2016 (A)
Sheffield Estates Auburn Hills, MI C 778
 7,165
 
 2,196
 778
 9,361
 10,139
 (4,129) 2006 (A)
Shell Creek RV Resort & Marina Punta Gorda, FL E 2,200
 9,662
 
 1,551
 2,200
 11,213
 13,413
 (938) 2016 (A)
Sherkston Shores Beach Resort & Campground Sherkston, ON  22,750
 97,164
 (1,130)
(1 
) 
(2,107) 21,620
 95,057
 116,677
 (8,503) 2016 (A)
Siesta Bay RV Park Ft. Myers, FL A 2,051
 18,549
 4
 4,963
 2,055
 23,512
 25,567
 (15,644) 1996 (A)
Silver Birches RV Resort & Campground Lambton Shores, ON�� 880
 1,540
 (60)
(1 
) 
366
 820
 1,906
 2,726
 (161) 2016 (A)
REAL ESTATE AND ACCUMULATED DEPRECIATION, SCHEDULE III
      Initial Cost to Company Costs Capitalized Subsequent to Acquisition (Improvements) Gross Amount Carried at December 31, 2018      
Property Name Location Encumbrance Land Depreciable  Assets Land Depreciable Assets Land Depreciable  Assets Total Accumulated Depreciation Date Acquired (A) or Constructed (C)
Silver Creek RV Resort (4)
 Mears, MI  605
 7,014
 
 139
 605
 7,153
 7,758
 (142) 2018 (C)
Silver Springs Clinton Township, MI B 861
 16,595
 
 3,590
 861
 20,185
 21,046
 (5,194) 2012 (A)
Sky Harbor Cheektowaga, NY A 2,318
 24,253
 
 5,522
 2,318
 29,775
 32,093
 (4,291) 2014 (A)
Skyline Fort Collins, CO E 2,260
 12,120
 
 717
 2,260
 12,837
 15,097
 (2,027) 2014 (A)
Smith Creek Crossing (4) (5)
 Granby, CO  1,395
 
 
 614
 1,395
 614
 2,009
 
 2018 (C)
Southern Charm MH & RV Resort Zephyrhills, FL E 4,940
 17,366
 
 2,163
 4,940
 19,529
 24,469
 (1,715) 2016 (A)
Southern Hills / Northridge Place Stewartville, MN E 360
 12,723
 
 11,694
 360
 24,417
 24,777
 (3,463) 2014 (A&C)
Southern Pines Bradenton, FL  1,710
 3,337
 
 1,117
 1,710
 4,454
 6,164
 (376) 2016 (A)
Southfork Belton, MO A 1,000
 9,011
 
 8,628
 1,000
 17,639
 18,639
 (8,722) 1997 (A)
Southport Springs Golf & Country Club Zephyrhills, FL B 15,060
 17,229
 
 3,111
 15,060
 20,340
 35,400
 (2,366) 2015 (A&C)
Southwood Village Grand Rapids, MI  300
 11,517
 
 1,792
 300
 13,309
 13,609
 (3,596) 2011 (A)
Spanish Main MH & RV Resort Thonotasassa, FL  2,390
 8,159
 
 2,677
 2,390
 10,836
 13,226
 (862) 2016 (A)
St. Clair Place St. Clair, MI A 501
 2,029
 
 2,321
 501
 4,350
 4,851
 (2,169) 1998 (A)
Stonebridge (MI) (5)
 Richfield Twp, MI  2,044
 
 246
 2,195
 2,290
 2,195
 4,485
 
 1998 (C)
Stonebridge (TX) San Antonio, TX C 2,515
 2,096
 (615)
(3 
) 
6,657
 1,900
 8,753
 10,653
 (4,727) 2000 (A&C)
Stonebrook Homosassa, FL  650
 14,063
 
 790
 650
 14,853
 15,503
 (1,747) 2015 (A)
Summit Ridge Converse, TX C 2,615
 2,092
 (883)
(3 
) 
21,225
 1,732
 23,317
 25,049
 (8,743) 2000 (A&C)
Sun N Fun RV Resort Sarasota, FL D 50,952
 117,457
 (139)
(3 
) 
6,275
 50,813
 123,732
 174,545
 (11,798) 2016 (A)
Sun Valley Apache Junction, AZ D 2,750
 18,408
 
 1,602
 2,750
 20,010
 22,760
 (3,052) 2014 (A)
Sun Villa Estates Reno, NV B 2,385
 11,773
 (1,100)
(3 
) 
1,623
 1,285
 13,396
 14,681
 (8,508) 1998 (A)
Suncoast Gateway Port Richey, FL  594
 300
 
 788
 594
 1,088
 1,682
 (286) 2016 (A)
Sundance Zephyrhills, FL B 890
 25,306
 
 975
 890
 26,281
 27,171
 (3,144) 2015 (A)
Sunlake Estates Grand Island, FL D 6,290
 24,084
 
 1,743
 6,290
 25,827
 32,117
 (3,079) 2015 (A)
Sunset Beach RV Resort Cape Charles, VA  3,800
 24,030
 
 
 3,800
 24,030
 27,830
 (2,120) 2016 (A)
Sunset Harbor at Cow Key Marina Key West, FL  8,570
 7,636
 
 798
 8,570
 8,434
 17,004
 (672) 2016 (A)
Sunset Lakes RV Resort Hillsdale, IL  1,840
 5,995
 
 2,390
 1,840
 8,385
 10,225
 (442) 2017 (A)
Sunset Ridge (MI) Portland, MI C 2,044
 
 (9)
(3 
) 
23,838
 2,035
 23,838
 25,873
 (8,527) 1998 (C)
Sunset Ridge (TX) Kyle, TX C 2,190
 2,775
 
 6,656
 2,190
 9,431
 11,621
 (4,687) 2000 (A&C)
Swan Meadow Village Dillon, CO E 2,140
 19,734
 
 461
 2,140
 20,195
 22,335
 (2,854) 2014 (A)
Sweetwater RV Resort Zephyrhills, FL E 1,340
 9,113
 
 1,576
 1,340
 10,689
 12,029
 (932) 2016 (A)
Sycamore Village Mason, MI  390
 13,341
 
 4,213
 390
 17,554
 17,944
 (5,004) 2011 (A)
Tallowwood Isle Coconut Creek, FL  13,796
 20,797
 
 854
 13,796
 21,651
 35,447
 (1,815) 2016 (A)
DECEMBER 31, 2019
      Initial Cost to Company Costs Capitalized Subsequent to Acquisition (Improvements) Gross Amount Carried at December 31, 2018      
Property Name Location Encumbrance Land Depreciable  Assets Land Depreciable Assets Land Depreciable  Assets Total Accumulated Depreciation Date Acquired (A) or Constructed (C)
Tamarac Village MH & RV Resort Ludington, MI  300
 12,028
 85
 3,549
 385
 15,577
 15,962
 (3,887) 2011 (A)
Tampa East MH & RV Resort Dover, FL A 734
 6,310
 
 5,393
 734
 11,703
 12,437
 (4,949) 2005 (A)
The Colony (2)
 Oxnard, CA  
 6,437
 
 922
 
 7,359
 7,359
 (628) 2016 (A)
The Grove at Alta Ridge Thornton, CO E 5,370
 37,116
 
 30
 5,370
 37,146
 42,516
 (5,703) 2014 (A)
The Hamptons Golf & Country Club Auburndale, FL B 15,890
 67,555
 
 2,278
 15,890
 69,833
 85,723
 (8,331) 2015 (A)
The Hideaway Key West, FL  2,720
 972
 
 631
 2,720
 1,603
 4,323
 (135) 2016 (A)
The Hills Apopka, FL  1,790
 3,869
 
 1,166
 1,790
 5,035
 6,825
 (419) 2016 (A)
The Ridge Davenport, FL B 8,350
 35,463
 
 3,019
 8,350
 38,482
 46,832
 (4,718) 2015 (A)
The Sands RV & Golf Resort (4)
 Desert Hot Springs, CA  3,071
 12,611
 
 542
 3,071
 13,153
 16,224
 (287) 2018 (A)
The Valley Apopka, FL  2,530
 5,660
 
 1,264
 2,530
 6,924
 9,454
 (552) 2016 (A)
The Villas at Calla Pointe Cheektowaga, NY A 380
 11,014
 
 160
 380
 11,174
 11,554
 (1,709) 2014 (A)
Three Lakes Hudson, FL C 5,050
 3,361
 
 2,922
 5,050
 6,283
 11,333
 (1,757) 2012 (A)
Thunderhill Estates Sturgeon Bay, WI E 640
 9,008
 425
 1,632
 1,065
 10,640
 11,705
 (1,685) 2014 (A)
Timber Ridge Ft. Collins, CO D 990
 9,231
 
 3,079
 990
 12,310
 13,300
 (7,964) 1996 (A)
Timberline Estates Coopersville, MI B 535
 4,867
 
 4,685
 535
 9,552
 10,087
 (6,107) 1994 (A)
Town & Country Mobile Village Traverse City, MI A 406
 3,736
 
 1,878
 406
 5,614
 6,020
 (3,270) 1996 (A)
Town & Country Village Lisbon, ME E 230
 4,539
 
 1,721
 230
 6,260
 6,490
 (1,058) 2014 (A)
Trailside RV Resort & Campground Seguin, ON  3,690
 3,650
 (250)
(1 
) 
436
 3,440
 4,086
 7,526
 (359) 2016 (A)
Traveler’s World MH & RV Resort San Antonio, TX  790
 7,952
 
 1,791
 790
 9,743
 10,533
 (888) 2016 (A)
Treetops RV Resort Arlington, TX  730
 9,831
 
 1,629
 730
 11,460
 12,190
 (992) 2016 (A)
Vallecito Newbury Park, CA D 25,766
 9,814
 
 1,036
 25,766
 10,850
 36,616
 (893) 2016 (A)
Verde Plaza Tucson, AZ  710
 7,069
 
 2,709
 710
 9,778
 10,488
 (815) 2016 (A)
Victor Villa Victorville, CA D 2,510
 20,408
 
 1,684
 2,510
 22,092
 24,602
 (1,885) 2016 (A)
Vines RV Resort Paso Robles, CA C 890
 7,110
 
 1,951
 890
 9,061
 9,951
 (1,828) 2013 (A)
Vista Del Lago Scotts Valley, CA D 17,830
 9,456
 
 1,123
 17,830
 10,579
 28,409
 (777) 2016 (A)
Vista Del Lago MH & RV Resort Bradenton, FL E 3,630
 5,329
 
 1,819
 3,630
 7,148
 10,778
 (555) 2016 (A)
Vizcaya Lakes Port Charlotte, FL C 670
 4,221
 
 566
 670
 4,787
 5,457
 (535) 2015 (A)
Wagon Wheel RV Resort & Campground Old Orchard Beach, ME C 590
 7,703
 
 3,080
 590
 10,783
 11,373
 (2,783) 2013 (A)
Walden Woods Homosassa, FL B / D 1,550
 26,375
 
 1,151
 1,550
 27,526
 29,076
 (3,278) 2015 (A)
Warren Dunes Village Bridgman, MI C 310
 3,350
 
 10,143
 310
 13,493
 13,803
 (1,829) 2011 (A&C)
Water Oak Country Club Estates Lady Lake, FL D 2,834
 16,706
 2,603
 28,532
 5,437
 45,238
 50,675
 (21,286) 1993 (A&C)
Waters Edge RV Resort Zephyrhills, FL E 1,180
 5,450
 
 1,908
 1,180
 7,358
 8,538
 (633) 2016 (A)
Waverly Shores Village Holland, MI B 340
 7,267
 450
 7,528
 790
 14,795
 15,585
 (2,110) 2011 (A&C)
      Initial Cost to Company Costs Capitalized Subsequent to Acquisition (Improvements) Gross Amount Carried at December 31, 2018      
Property Name Location Encumbrance Land Depreciable  Assets Land Depreciable Assets Land Depreciable  Assets Total Accumulated Depreciation Date Acquired (A) or Constructed (C)
West Village Estates Romulus, MI B 884
 19,765
 
 4,457
 884
 24,222
 25,106
 (5,730) 2012 (A)
Westbrook Senior Village Toledo, OH D 355
 3,295
 
 665
 355
 3,960
 4,315
 (2,128) 2001 (A)
Westbrook Village Toledo, OH B 1,110
 10,462
 
 5,047
 1,110
 15,509
 16,619
 (8,916) 1999 (A)
Westside Ridge Auburndale, FL D 760
 10,714
 
 734
 760
 11,448
 12,208
 (1,386) 2015 (A)
Westward Ho RV Resort & Campground Glenbeulah, WI C 1,050
 5,642
 
 2,589
 1,050
 8,231
 9,281
 (1,900) 2013 (A)
Westward Shores Cottages & RV Resort (4)
 West Ossipee, NH  1,901
 15,326
 
 1,536
 1,901
 16,862
 18,763
 (299) 2018 (A)
White Lake Mobile Home Village White Lake, MI B 672
 6,179
 
 10,891
 672
 17,070
 17,742
 (9,585) 1997 (A&C)
Wild Acres RV Resort & Campground Old Orchard Beach, ME C 1,640
 26,786
 
 4,425
 1,640
 31,211
 32,851
 (7,989) 2013 (A)
Wildwood Community Sandwich, IL D 1,890
 37,732
 
 924
 1,890
 38,656
 40,546
 (5,982) 2014 (A)
Willow Lake RV Resort & Campground Scotland, ON  1,260
 2,275
 (85)
(1 
) 
560
 1,175
 2,835
 4,010
 (206) 2016 (A)
Willowbrook Place Toledo, OH B 781
 7,054
 
 4,992
 781
 12,046
 12,827
 (6,697) 1997 (A)
Willowood RV Resort & Campground Amherstburg, ON  1,160
 1,490
 (78)
(1 
) 
409
 1,082
 1,899
 2,981
 (163) 2016 (A)
Windham Hills Estates Jackson, MI  2,673
 2,364
 
 20,818
 2,673
 23,182
 25,855
 (11,000) 1998 (A&C)
Windmill Village Davenport, FL B 7,560
 36,294
 
 1,566
 7,560
 37,860
 45,420
 (4,567) 2015 (A)
Windsor Woods Village Wayland, MI C 270
 5,835
 
 3,445
 270
 9,280
 9,550
 (3,110) 2011 (A)
Wine Country RV Resort Paso Robles, CA C 1,740
 11,510
 
 3,757
 1,740
 15,267
 17,007
 (2,659) 2014 (A&C)
Woodhaven Place Woodhaven, MI B 501
 4,541
 
 6,407
 501
 10,948
 11,449
 (5,147) 1998 (A)
Woodlake Trails San Antonio, TX C 1,186
 287
 (56)
(3 
) 
15,848
 1,130
 16,135
 17,265
 (4,862) 2000 (A&C)
Woodland Lake RV Resort & Campground Bornholm, ON  1,650
 2,165
 (112)
(1 
) 
435
 1,538
 2,600
 4,138
 (240) 2016 (A)
Woodland Park Estates Eugene, OR  1,592
 14,398
 
 936
 1,592
 15,334
 16,926
 (10,152) 1998 (A)
Woodlands at Church Lake Groveland, FL  2,480
 9,072
 
 1,954
 2,480
 11,026
 13,506
 (1,250) 2015 (A)
Woodside Terrace Holland, OH B 1,063
 9,625
 
 9,929
 1,063
 19,554
 20,617
 (10,368) 1997 (A)
Subtotal of Properties     $1,171,638
 $4,592,685
 $30,307
 $1,685,224
 $1,201,945
 $6,277,909
 $7,479,854
 $(1,422,583)    
Corporate Headquarters and Other (7)
 Southfield, MI  
 
 
 81,092
 
 81,092
 81,092
 (20,047)    
Total     $1,171,638
 $4,592,685
 $30,307
 $1,766,316
 $1,201,945
 $6,359,001
 $7,560,946
 $(1,442,630)    
                         
(amounts in thousands)

    Encumbrance Initial Cost to Company Costs Capitalized Subsequent to Acquisition (Improvements) Gross Amount Carried at December 31, 2019      
Property Name Location Group Amount Land Depreciable  Assets Land Depreciable Assets Land Depreciable  Assets Total Accumulated Depreciation Date Acquired (A) or Constructed (C)
Sunset Lakes RV Resort Hillsdale, IL  
 1,840
 5,995
 
 2,777
 1,840
 8,772
 10,612
 (799) 2017 (A)
Sunset Ridge (MI) Portland, MI  
 2,044
 
 (9)
(3 
) 

 2,035
 28,713
 30,748
 (9,623) 1998 (C)
Sunset Ridge (TX) Kyle, TX  C 
 2,190
 2,775
 
 6,987
 2,190
 9,762
 11,952
 (4,981) 2000 (A&C)
Swan Meadow Village Dillon, CO  E 13,566
 2,140
 19,734
 
 444
 2,140
 20,178
 22,318
 (3,478) 2014 (A)
Sweetwater RV Resort Zephyrhills, FL  E 5,505
 1,340
 9,113
 
 2,090
 1,340
 11,203
 12,543
 (1,360) 2016 (A)
Sycamore Village Mason, MI  
 390
 13,341
 
 4,246
 390
 17,587
 17,977
 (5,569) 2011 (A)
Tallowwood Isle Coconut Creek, FL  C 
 13,796
 20,797
 
 1,289
 13,796
 22,086
 35,882
 (2,568) 2016 (A)
Tamarac Village MH & RV Resort Ludington, MI  D 19,125
 300
 12,028
 85
 3,809
 385
 15,837
 16,222
 (4,326) 2011 (A)
Tampa East MH & RV Resort Dover, FL  A 8,400
 734
 6,310
 
 7,486
 734
 13,796
 14,530
 (5,511) 2005 (A)
The Colony (2)
 Oxnard, CA  
 
 6,437
 
 959
 
 7,396
 7,396
 (896) 2016 (A)
The Grove at Alta Ridge Thornton, CO  E 27,122
 5,370
 37,116
 
 99
 5,370
 37,215
 42,585
 (6,978) 2014 (A)
The Hamptons Golf & Country Club Auburndale, FL  D 69,000
 15,890
 67,555
 
 3,040
 15,890
 70,595
 86,485
 (10,786) 2015 (A)
The Hideaway Key West, FL  
 2,720
 972
 
 938
 2,720
 1,910
 4,630
 (204) 2016 (A)
The Hills Apopka, FL  
 1,790
 3,869
 
 1,269
 1,790
 5,138
 6,928
 (607) 2016 (A)
The Ridge Davenport, FL  D 37,350
 8,350
 35,463
 
 3,121
 8,350
 38,584
 46,934
 (6,188) 2015 (A)
The Sands RV & Golf Resort Desert Hot Springs, CA  
 3,071
 12,611
 1
 1,915
 3,072
 14,526
 17,598
 (905) 2018 (A)
The Valley Apopka, FL  
 2,530
 5,660
 
 1,666
 2,530
 7,326
 9,856
 (808) 2016  (A)
The Villas at Calla Pointe Cheektowaga, NY A 3,690
 380
 11,014
 
 171
 380
 11,185
 11,565
 (2,094) 2014 (A)
Three Gardens (4)
 Southington, CT C 
 2,031
 6,686
 
 5
 2,031
 6,691
 8,722
 (111) 2019 (A)
Three Lakes Hudson, FL C 
 5,050
 3,361
 
 3,240
 5,050
 6,601
 11,651
 (2,055) 2012 (A)
Thunderhill Estates Sturgeon Bay, WI E 5,469
 640
 9,008
 439
 2,568
 1,079
 11,576
 12,655
 (2,147) 2014 (A)
Timber Ridge Ft. Collins, CO D 39,258
 990
 9,231
 
 3,388
 990
 12,619
 13,609
 (8,288) 1996 (A)
Timberline Estates Coopersville, MI B 18,812
 535
 4,867
 1
 4,295
 536
 9,162
 9,698
 (5,913) 1994 (A)
Town & Country Mobile Village Traverse City, MI A 5,294
 406
 3,736
 
 1,860
 406
 5,596
 6,002
 (3,412) 1996 (A)
Town & Country Village Lisbon, ME E 2,557
 230
 4,539
 
 1,260
 230
 5,799
 6,029
 (1,132) 2014 (A)
Trailside RV Resort & Campground Seguin, ON  
 3,690
 3,650
 (87)
(1 
) 
853
 3,603
 4,503
 8,106
 (551) 2016 (A)
Traveler’s World MH & RV Resort San Antonio, TX  
 790
 7,952
 
 2,008
 790
 9,960
 10,750
 (1,280) 2016 (A)
Treetops RV Resort Arlington, TX C 
 730
 9,831
 
 1,802
 730
 11,633
 12,363
 (1,413) 2016 (A)
Vallecito Newbury Park, CA D 22,044
 25,766
 9,814
 
 1,138
 25,766
 10,952
 36,718
 (1,260) 2016 (A)
Verde Plaza Tucson, AZ  
 710
 7,069
 
 2,971
 710
 10,040
 10,750
 (1,276) 2016 (A)
SUN COMMUNITIES, INC.
REAL ESTATE AND ACCUMULATED DEPRECIATION, SCHEDULE III
DECEMBER 31, 2019
(amounts in thousands)

    Encumbrance Initial Cost to Company Costs Capitalized Subsequent to Acquisition (Improvements) Gross Amount Carried at December 31, 2019      
Property Name Location Group Amount Land Depreciable  Assets Land Depreciable Assets Land Depreciable  Assets Total Accumulated Depreciation Date Acquired (A) or Constructed (C)
Victor Villa Victorville, CA D 11,977
 2,510
 20,408
 
 2,107
 2,510
 22,515
 25,025
 (2,701) 2016 (A)
Vines RV Resort Paso Robles, CA C 
 890
 7,110
 
 2,032
 890
 9,142
 10,032
 (2,250) 2013 (A)
Vista Del Lago Scotts Valley, CA D 18,129
 17,830
 9,456
 
 1,319
 17,830
 10,775
 28,605
 (1,173) 2016 (A)
Vista Del Lago MH & RV Resort Bradenton, FL E 4,221
 3,630
 5,329
 
 2,007
 3,630
 7,336
 10,966
 (805) 2016 (A)
Vizcaya Lakes Port Charlotte, FL C 
 670
 4,221
 
 579
 670
 4,800
 5,470
 (700) 2015 (A)
Wagon Wheel RV Resort & Campground Old Orchard Beach, ME C 
 590
 7,703
 
 2,833
 590
 10,536
 11,126
 (3,120) 2013 (A)
Walden Woods Homosassa, FL D 19,206
 1,550
 26,375
 
 1,410
 1,550
 27,785
 29,335
 (4,243) 2015 (A)
Warren Dunes Village Bridgman, MI C 
 310
 3,350
 
 11,275
 310
 14,625
 14,935
 (2,528) 2011 (A&C)
Water Oak Country Club Estates Lady Lake, FL D 46,725
 2,834
 16,706
 2,666
 34,141
 5,500
 50,847
 56,347
 (22,950) 1993 (A&C)
Waters Edge RV Resort Zephyrhills, FL E 3,670
 1,180
 5,450
 
 2,308
 1,180
 7,758
 8,938
 (937) 2016 (A)
Waverly Shores Village Holland, MI B 14,660
 340
 7,267
 450
 6,508
 790
 13,775
 14,565
 (2,614) 2011 (A&C)
West Village Estates Romulus, MI B 5,582
 884
 19,765
 
 4,154
 884
 23,919
 24,803
 (6,361) 2012 (A)
Westbrook Senior Village Toledo, OH D 5,852
 355
 3,295
 
 694
 355
 3,989
 4,344
 (2,271) 2001 (A)
Westbrook Village Toledo, OH B 23,983
 1,110
 10,462
 
 5,301
 1,110
 15,763
 16,873
 (9,255) 1999 (A)
Westside Ridge Auburndale, FL D 8,564
 760
 10,714
 
 851
 760
 11,565
 12,325
 (1,785) 2015 (A)
Westward Ho RV Resort & Campground Glenbeulah, WI C 
 1,050
 5,642
 
 2,590
 1,050
 8,232
 9,282
 (2,208) 2013 (A)
Westward Shores Cottages & RV Resort West Ossipee, NH  
 1,901
 15,326
 
 3,470
 1,901
 18,796
 20,697
 (938) 2018 (A)
White Lake Mobile Home Village White Lake, MI B 24,178
 672
 6,179
 1
 11,017
 673
 17,196
 17,869
 (10,011) 1997 (A&C)
Whitewater RV Resort (4) (5)
 Mountain View, AR  
 5,163
 
 15
 1,842
 5,178
 1,842
 7,020
 
 2019 (C)
Wild Acres RV Resort & Campground Old Orchard Beach, ME C 
 1,640
 26,786
 
 4,845
 1,640
 31,631
 33,271
 (9,439) 2013 (A)
Wildwood Community Sandwich, IL D 24,441
 1,890
 37,732
 
 1,023
 1,890
 38,755
 40,645
 (7,319) 2014 (A)
Willow Lake RV Resort & Campground Scotland, ON  
 1,260
 2,275
 (30)
(1 
) 
824
 1,230
 3,099
 4,329
 (327) 2016 (A)
Willowbrook Place Toledo, OH B 17,392
 781
 7,054
 1
 5,486
 782
 12,540
 13,322
 (7,005) 1997 (A)
Willowood RV Resort & Campground Amherstburg, ON  
 1,160
 1,490
 (27)
(1 
) 
770
 1,133
 2,260
 3,393
 (278) 2016 (A)
Windham Hills Estates Jackson, MI  
 2,673
 2,364
 
 21,878
 2,673
 24,242
 26,915
 (11,777) 1998 (A&C)
Windmill Village Davenport, FL  D 46,000
 7,560
 36,294
 
 1,880
 7,560
 38,174
 45,734
 (5,949) 2015 (A)
Windsor Woods Village Wayland, MI C 
 270
 5,835
 
 3,260
 270
 9,095
 9,365
 (3,321) 2011 (A)
Wine Country RV Resort Paso Robles, CA C 
 1,740
 11,510
 
 3,881
 1,740
 15,391
 17,131
 (3,311) 2014 (A&C)
Woodhaven Place Woodhaven, MI B 13,700
 501
 4,541
 
 6,648
 501
 11,189
 11,690
 (5,611) 1998 (A)
Woodlake Trails San Antonio, TX C 
 1,186
 287
 (56)
(3 
) 
18,407
 1,130
 18,694
 19,824
 (5,782) 2000 (A&C)
SUN COMMUNITIES, INC.
REAL ESTATE AND ACCUMULATED DEPRECIATION, SCHEDULE III
DECEMBER 31, 2019
(amounts in thousands)

    Encumbrance Initial Cost to Company Costs Capitalized Subsequent to Acquisition (Improvements) Gross Amount Carried at December 31, 2019      
Property Name Location Group Amount Land Depreciable  Assets Land Depreciable Assets Land Depreciable  Assets Total Accumulated Depreciation Date Acquired (A) or Constructed (C)
Woodland Lake RV Resort & Campground Bornholm, ON  
 1,650
 2,165
 (47)
(1 
) 
562
 1,603
 2,727
 4,330
 (339) 2016 (A)
Woodland Park Estates Eugene, OR  
 1,592
 14,398
 1
 996
 1,593
 15,394
 16,987
 (10,645) 1998 (A)
Woodlands at Church Lake Groveland, FL  
 2,480
 9,072
 
 2,812
 2,480
 11,884
 14,364
 (1,697) 2015 (A)
Woodside Terrace Holland, OH B 25,076
 1,063
 9,625
 
 11,438
 1,063
 21,063
 22,126
 (10,972) 1997 (A)
Wymberly (4)
 Martinez, GA C 
 3,058
 14,451
 
 5
 3,058
 14,456
 17,514
 (241) 2019 (A)
Yankee Village (4)
 Old Saybrook, CT C 
 1,552
 364
 
 
 1,552
 364
 1,916
 (6) 2019 (A)
      $3,188,472
 $1,379,317
 $5,238,831
 $34,962
 $1,929,108
 $1,414,279
 $7,414,464
 $8,828,743
 $(1,663,277)    
Corporate Headquarters and Other (7)
 Southfield, MI  
 
 
 
 91,589
 
 90,857
 90,857
 (23,703)    
      $3,188,472
 $1,379,317
 $5,238,831
 $34,962
 $2,020,697
 $1,414,279
 $7,505,321
 $8,919,600
 $(1,686,980)    
A These communities collateralize $405.9$398.0 million of secured debt.
B These communities collateralize $762.6$697.4 million of secured debt.
C These communities support the borrowing base for our secured line of credit, which had $128.0$180.6 million outstanding.
D These communities collateralize $1.3$1.7 billion of secured debt.
E These communities collateralize $382.8$376.5 million of secured debt.
SUN COMMUNITIES, INC.
REAL ESTATE AND ACCUMULATED DEPRECIATION, SCHEDULE III
DECEMBER 31, 2018
(amounts in thousands)


(1) Gross amount carried at December 31, 2018,2019, at our Canadian properties, reflects the impact of foreign currency translation.
(2) All or part of this property is subject to ground lease.
(3) Gross amount carried at December 31, 20182019 has decreased at this property due to a partial disposition of land or depreciable assets, as applicable.
(4) This property was acquired during 2018. The purchase price allocations and related values shown in the table above are preliminary and may be adjusted as final costs and valuations are determined.2019.
(5) This property was not included in our community count as of December 31, 20182019 as it was not fully developed.
(6) This property was impaired as a result of Hurricane Irma in September 2017.
(7) Corporate Headquarters and other fixed assets.

SUN COMMUNITIES, INC.
REAL ESTATE AND ACCUMULATED DEPRECIATION, SCHEDULE III
DECEMBER 31, 20182019
(amounts in thousands)


The change in investment property for the years ended December 31, 2019, 2018, 2017, and 20162017 is as follows:follows (in thousands):

Years Ended December 31,Year Ended
2018 2017 2016December 31, 2019 December 31, 2018 December 31, 2017
Beginning balance$6,882,879
 $6,496,339
 $4,573,522
$7,560,946
 $6,882,879
 $6,496,339
Community and land acquisitions, including immediate improvements414,840
 204,375
 1,822,564
930,668
 414,840
 204,375
Community expansion and development152,672
 88,331
 47,958
281,808
 152,672
 88,331
Improvements205,006
 168,315
 113,803
233,984
 205,006
 168,315
Asset impairment
 (10,511) 

 
 (10,511)
Dispositions and other(94,451) (63,970) (61,508)(87,806) (94,451) (63,970)
Ending balance$7,560,946
 $6,882,879
 $6,496,339
$8,919,600
 $7,560,946
 $6,882,879


The change in accumulated depreciation for the years ended December 31, 2019, 2018, 2017, and 20162017 is as follows:follows (in thousands):

Years Ended December 31,Year Ended
2018 2017 2016December 31, 2019 December 31, 2018 December 31, 2017
Beginning balance$1,237,525
 $1,026,858
 $852,407
$1,442,630
 $1,237,525
 $1,026,858
Depreciation for the period253,952
 236,422
 201,157
291,605
 253,952
 236,422
Asset impairment
 (405) 

 
 (405)
Dispositions and other(48,847) (25,350) (26,706)(47,255) (48,847) (25,350)
Ending balance$1,442,630
 $1,237,525
 $1,026,858
$1,686,980
 $1,442,630
 $1,237,525




F - 5660