UNITED STATES SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION

Washington, D.C.20549-1004

Form 10-K

þ Annual Report Pursuant to Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934
For the fiscal year ended August 31, 2010
or
o Transition Report Pursuant to Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934
for the transition period fromto

þ ANNUAL REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d)

OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

For the fiscal year ended August 31, 2011

or

¨ Transition Report Pursuant to Section 13 or 15(d)

of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934

for the transition period fromto

Commission FileNo. 1-13146

THE GREENBRIER COMPANIES, INC.

(Exact name of Registrant as specified in its charter)

Oregon 93-0816972
Oregon
(State of Incorporation)
 93-0816972
(I.R.S. Employer Identification No.)

One Centerpointe Drive, Suite 200, Lake Oswego, OR 97035

(Address of principal executive offices)

(503) 684-7000

(Registrant’s telephone number, including area code)

Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:

(Title of Each Class)  (Name of Each Exchange on Which Registered)
Common Stock without par value
  New York Stock Exchange
Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(g) of the Act:
None
Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(g) of the Act:

None

Indicate by check mark if the registrant is a well-known seasoned issuer, as defined in Rule 405 of the Securities Act.    Yes         No X 

Indicate by check mark if the registrant is not required to file reports pursuant to Section 13 or 15 (d) of the Act.    Yes         No  X 

Indicate by check mark whether the Registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the Registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days.    Yes X    No      

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically and posted on its corporate Website, if any, every Interactive Data File required to be submitted and posted pursuant to Rule 405 ofRegulation S-T during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit and post such files).    Yes       No      

Indicate by check mark if disclosure of delinquent filers pursuant to Item 405 ofRegulation S-K is not contained herein, and will not be contained, to the best of Registrant’s knowledge, in definitive proxy or information statements incorporated by reference in Part III of thisForm 10-K or any amendment to thisForm 10-K. x

[ X ]

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, or a smaller reporting company. See the definitionsdefinition of “large accelerated filer,”filer”, “accelerated filer” and “smaller reporting company” in Rule12b-2 of the Exchange Act. (Check one):

Large accelerated filer 
Accelerated filer  X Non-accelerated filer Smaller reporting company 
(Do not check if a smaller reporting company)                    

Large accelerated filer      Accelerated filer X       Non-accelerated filer      Smaller reporting company

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined inRule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act).    Yes    No X 

Aggregate market value of the Registrant’s Common Stock held by non-affiliates as of February 28, 20102011 (based on the closing price of such shares on such date) was $157,475,796.

$564,931,943.

The number of shares outstanding of the Registrant’s Common Stock on October 31, 201024, 2011 was 21,880,820,25,186,200, without par value.

DOCUMENTS INCORPORATED BY REFERENCE

Parts

Certain portions of the Registrant’s definitive Proxy Statement dated November 22, 201023, 2011 prepared in connection with the Annual Meeting of Stockholders to be held on January 7, 20116, 2012 are incorporated by reference into Parts II and III of this Report.


The Greenbrier Companies, Inc.

Form 10-K

TABLE OF CONTENTS

   
     PAGE
 
FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS   FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS3
1  

PART I

Item 1.

BUSINESS   3

Item 1A.

RISK FACTORS   9  

Item 1B.

Item 1.UNRESOLVED STAFF COMMENTS   BUSINESS18

Item 2.

 5
   RISK FACTORS19

Item 3.

 12
   UNRESOLVED STAFF COMMENTS19

Item 4.

 19
   PROPERTIES20
LEGAL PROCEEDINGS20
REMOVED AND RESERVED21
19  

PART II

  

Item 5.

 
MARKET FOR REGISTRANT’S COMMON EQUITY, RELATED STOCKHOLDER MATTERS AND ISSUER PURCHASES OF EQUITY SECURITIES21
   20

Item 6.

SELECTED FINANCIAL DATA23
   22

Item 7.

MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS24
   23

Item 7A.

QUANTITATIVE AND QUALITATIVE DISCLOSURES ABOUT MARKET RISK33
   33

Item 8.

FINANCIAL STATEMENTS AND SUPPLEMENTARY DATA34
   34

Item 9.

CHANGES IN AND DISAGREEMENTS WITH ACCOUNTANTS ON ACCOUNTING AND FINANCIAL DISCLOSURE72
   73

Item 9A.

CONTROLS AND PROCEDURES73
   OTHER INFORMATION73

Item 9B.

 74
OTHER INFORMATION   76  

PART III

  

Item 10.

 
DIRECTORS, EXECUTIVE OFFICERS AND CORPORATE GOVERNANCE75
   EXECUTIVE COMPENSATION76

Item 11.

 75
   76

Item 12.

SECURITY OWNERSHIP OF CERTAIN BENEFICIAL OWNERS AND MANAGEMENT AND RELATED STOCKHOLDER MATTERS75
   76

Item 13.

CERTAIN RELATIONSHIPS AND RELATED TRANSACTIONS AND DIRECTOR INDEPENDENCE75
   76

Item 14.

PRINCIPAL ACCOUNTING FEES AND SERVICES75
   76  

PART IV

  
EXHIBITS AND FINANCIAL STATEMENT SCHEDULES76
CERTIFICATIONS80
SIGNATURES81
EX-10.11
EX-10.12
EX-21.1
EX-23.1
EX-31.1
EX-31.2
EX-32.1
EX-32.2

Item 15.

2EXHIBITS AND FINANCIAL STATEMENT SCHEDULES77
CERTIFICATIONS82
SIGNATURES83

The Greenbrier Companies 20102011 Annual Report


Forward-Looking Statements

From time to time, The Greenbrier Companies, Inc. and its subsidiaries (Greenbrier or the Company) or their representatives have made or may make forward-looking statements within the meaning of Section 27A of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, and Section 21E of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, including, without limitation, statements as to expectations, beliefs and strategies regarding the future. Such forward-looking statements may be included in, but not limited to, press releases, oral statements made with the approval of an authorized executive officer or in various filings made by us with the Securities and Exchange Commission, including this filing onForm 10-K and in the Company’s President’s letter to stockholders that is typically distributed to the stockholders in conjunction with thisForm 10-K and the Company’s Proxy Statement. These statements involve known and unknown risks, uncertainties and other important factors that may cause our actual results, performance or achievements to be materially different from any future results, performance or achievements expressed or implied by the forward-looking statements. These forward-looking statements rely on a number of assumptions concerning future events and include statements relating to:

•  availability of financing sources and borrowing base for working capital, other business development activities, capital spending and railcar and marine warehousing activities;
•  ability to renew, maintain or obtain sufficient lines of credit and performance guarantees on acceptable terms;
•  ability to utilize beneficial tax strategies;
•  ability to grow our wheel services, refurbishment and parts, and lease fleet and management services businesses;
•  ability to obtain sales contracts which provide adequate protection against increased costs of materials and components;
•  ability to obtain adequate insurance coverage at acceptable rates;
•  ability to obtain adequate certification and licensing of products; and
•  short- and long-term revenue and earnings effects of the above items.

availability of financing sources and borrowing base for working capital, other business development activities, capital spending and leased railcars for syndication (sale of railcars with lease attached);

ability to renew, maintain or obtain sufficient credit facilities and financial guarantees on acceptable terms;

ability to utilize beneficial tax strategies;

ability to grow our businesses;

ability to obtain sales contracts which provide adequate protection against increased costs of materials and components;

ability to obtain adequate insurance coverage at acceptable rates;

ability to obtain adequate certification and licensing of products; and

short- and long-term revenue and earnings effects of the above items.

The following factors, among others, could cause actual results or outcomes to differ materially from the forward-looking statements:

fluctuations in demand for newly manufactured railcars or marine barges;

fluctuations in demand for wheel services, refurbishment and parts;

delays in receipt of orders, risks that contracts may be canceled during their term or not renewed and that customers may not purchase the amount of products or services under the contracts as anticipated;

ability to maintain sufficient availability of credit facilities and to maintain compliance with or to obtain appropriate amendments to covenants under various credit agreements;

domestic and global economic conditions including such matters as embargoes or quotas;

U.S., Mexican and other global political or security conditions including such matters as terrorism, war, civil disruption and crime;

growth or reduction in the surface transportation industry;

ability to maintain good relationships with third party labor providers or collective bargaining units;

steel and specialty component price fluctuations and availability, scrap surcharges, steel scrap prices and other commodity price fluctuations and availability and their impact on product demand and margin;

delay or failure of acquired businesses, assets, start-up operations, or new products or services to compete successfully;

changes in product mix and the mix of revenue levels among reporting segments;

labor disputes, energy shortages or operating difficulties that might disrupt operations or the flow of cargo;

production difficulties and product delivery delays as a result of, among other matters, inefficiencies associated with the start-up of production lines or increased production rates, changing technologies or non-performance of alliance partners, subcontractors or suppliers;

ability to renew or replace expiring customer contracts on satisfactory terms;

ability to obtain and execute suitable contracts for leased railcars for syndication;

lower than anticipated lease renewal rates, earnings on utilization based leases or residual values for leased equipment;

discovery of defects in railcars resulting in increased warranty costs or litigation;

resolution or outcome of pending or future litigation and investigations;

natural disasters or severe weather patterns that may affect either us, our suppliers or our customers;

•  fluctuations in demand for newly manufactured railcars or marine barges;
•  fluctuations in demand for wheel services, refurbishment and parts;
•  delays in receipt of orders, risks that contracts may be canceled during their term or not renewed and that customers may not purchase the amount of products or services under the contracts as anticipated;
•  ability to maintain sufficient availability of credit facilities and to maintain compliance with or to obtain appropriate amendments to covenants under various credit agreements;
•  domestic and global economic conditions including such matters as embargoes or quotas;
•  U.S., Mexican and other global political or security conditions including such matters as terrorism, war, civil disruption and crime;
•  growth or reduction in the surface transportation industry;
•  ability to maintain good relationships with our workforce, including third party labor providers and collective bargaining units;
•  steel and specialty component price fluctuations, scrap surcharges, steel scrap prices and other commodity price fluctuations and their impact on product demand and margin;
•  a delay or failure of acquired businesses,start-up operations, or new products or services to compete successfully;
•  changes in product mix and the mix of revenue levels among reporting segments;
•  labor disputes, energy shortages or operating difficulties that might disrupt operations or the flow of cargo;
•  production difficulties and product delivery delays as a result of, among other matters, changing technologies or non-performance of alliance partners, subcontractors or suppliers;
•  ability to renew or replace expiring customer contracts on satisfactory terms;
•  ability to obtain and execute suitable contracts for railcars held for sale;
•  lower than anticipated lease renewal rates, earnings on utilization based leases or residual values for leased equipment;
•  discovery of defects in railcars resulting in increased warranty costs or litigation;
The Greenbrier Companies 20102011 Annual Report31  


loss of business from, or a decline in the financial condition of, any of the principal customers that represent a significant portion of our total revenues;

•  resolution or outcome of pending or future litigation and investigations;
•  loss of business from, or a decline in the financial condition of, any of the principal customers that represent a significant portion of our total revenues;
•  competitive factors, including introduction of competitive products, new entrants into certain of our markets, price pressures, limited customer base and competitiveness of our manufacturing facilities and products;
•  industry overcapacity and our manufacturing capacity utilization;
•  decreases in carrying value of inventory, goodwill or other assets due to impairment;
•  severance or other costs or charges associated with lay-offs, shutdowns, or reducing the size and scope of operations;
•  changes in future maintenance or warranty requirements;
•  ability to adjust to the cyclical nature of the industries in which we operate;
•  changes in interest rates and financial impacts from interest rates;
•  ability and cost to maintain and renew operating permits;
•  actions by various regulatory agencies;
•  changes in fueland/or energy prices;
•  risks associated with our intellectual property rights or those of third parties, including infringement, maintenance, protection, validity, enforcement and continued use of such rights;
•  expansion of warranty and product support terms beyond those which have traditionally prevailed in the rail supply industry;
•  availability of a trained work force and availabilityand/or price of essential raw materials, specialties or components, including steel castings, to permit manufacture of units on order;
•  failure to successfully integrate acquired businesses;
•  discovery of previously unknown liabilities associated with acquired businesses;
•  failure of or delay in implementing and using new software or other technologies;
•  ability to replace maturing lease and management services revenue and earnings with revenue and earnings from new commercial transactions, including new railcar leases, additions to the lease fleet and new management services contracts;
•  credit limitations upon our ability to maintain effective hedging programs; and
•  financial impacts from currency fluctuations and currency hedging activities in our worldwide operations.

competitive factors, including introduction of competitive products, new entrants into certain of our markets, price pressures, limited customer base, and competitiveness of our manufacturing facilities and products;

industry overcapacity and our manufacturing capacity utilization;

decreases or write-downs in carrying value of inventory, goodwill, intangibles or other assets due to impairment;

severance or other costs or charges associated with lay-offs, shutdowns, or reducing the size and scope of operations;

changes in future maintenance or warranty requirements;

ability to adjust to the cyclical nature of the industries in which we operate;

changes in interest rates and financial impacts from interest rates;

ability and cost to maintain and renew operating permits;

actions by various regulatory agencies;

changes in fuel and/or energy prices;

risks associated with our intellectual property rights or those of third parties, including infringement, maintenance, protection, validity, enforcement and continued use of such rights;

expansion of warranty and product support terms beyond those which have traditionally prevailed in the rail supply industry;

availability of a trained work force and availability and/or price of essential raw materials, specialties or components, including steel castings, to permit manufacture of units on order;

failure to successfully integrate acquired businesses;

discovery of previously unknown liabilities associated with acquired businesses;

failure of or delay in implementing and using new software or other technologies;

ability to replace maturing lease and management services revenue and earnings with revenue and earnings from new commercial transactions, including new railcar leases, additions to the lease fleet and new management services contracts;

credit limitations upon our ability to maintain effective hedging programs; and

financial impacts from currency fluctuations and currency hedging activities in our worldwide operations.

Any forward-looking statements should be considered in light of these factors. Words such as “anticipates,” “believes,” “forecast,” “potential,” “goal,” “contemplates,” “expects,” “intends,” “plans,” “projects,” “hopes,” “seeks,” “estimates,” “could,” “would,” “will,” “may,” “can,” “designed to,” “foreseeable future” and similar expressions identify forward-looking statements. These forward-looking statements are not guarantees of future performance and are subject to risks and uncertainties that could cause actual results to differ materially from the results contemplated by the forward-looking statements. Many of the important factors that will determine these results and values are beyond our ability to control or predict. You are cautioned not to put undue reliance on any forward-looking statements. Except as otherwise required by law, we do not assume any obligation to update any forward-looking statements.

In assessing forward-looking statements contained herein, readers are urged to read carefully all cautionary statements contained in this Form 10-K, including, without limitation, those contained under the heading, “Risk Factors,” contained in Part I, Item 1A of this Form 10-K.

All references to years refer to the fiscal years ended August 31st unless otherwise noted.

The Greenbrier Companies is a registered trademark of The Greenbrier Companies, Inc. Gunderson, Maxi-Stack, Auto-Max and YSD are registered trademarks of Gunderson LLC.

42The Greenbrier Companies 20102011 Annual Report


PART I

Item 1.BUSINESSBUSINESS

Introduction

We are one of the leading designers, manufacturers and marketers of railroad freight car equipment in North America and Europe, a manufacturer and marketer of ocean-going marine barges in North America and a leading provider of wheel services, railcar refurbishment and parts, leasing and other services to the railroad and related transportation industries in North America.

We operate an integrated business model in North America that combines wheel services, repair and refurbishment, component parts reconditioning, freight car manufacturing, leasing and fleet management services. Our model is designed to provide customers with a comprehensive set of freight car solutions utilizing our substantial engineering, mechanical and technical capabilities as well as our experienced commercial personnel. This model allows us to develop cross-selling opportunities and synergies among our various business segments and to enhance our margins. We believe our integrated model is difficult to duplicate and provides greater value for our customers.

We operate in three primary business segments: Manufacturing; Wheel Services, Refurbishment & PartsParts; and Leasing & Services. Financial information about our business segments for the years ended August 31, 2011, 2010 2009 and 20082009 is located in Note 2322 Segment Information to our Consolidated Financial Statements.

We are

The Greenbrier Companies, Inc., which was incorporated in Delaware in 1981, consummated a merger on February 28, 2006 with its affiliate, Greenbrier Oregon, Inc., an Oregon corporation, formed in 1981.for the sole purpose of changing its state of incorporation from Delaware to Oregon. Greenbrier Oregon survived the merger and assumed the name, The Greenbrier Companies, Inc. Our principal executive offices are located at One Centerpointe Drive, Suite 200, Lake Oswego, Oregon 97035, our telephone number is(503) 684-7000 and our Internet web site is located athttp://www.gbrx.com.

Products and Services

Manufacturing

North American Railcar Manufacturing-We manufacture a broad array of railcar types in North America and have demonstrated an ability to capture high market shares in many of the car types we produce. We are the leading North American manufacturer of intermodal railcars with an average market share of approximately 60%64% over the last five years. In addition to our strength in intermodal railcars, we have commanded an average market share of approximately 60%56% in boxcars, 35%30% in flat cars and 10%18% in covered hoppers over the last five years and we have recently entered theyears. We delivered our first tank car market.in 2009 and achieved an 11% market share during the last year. The primary products we produce for the North American market are:

Intermodal Railcars -We manufacture a comprehensive range of intermodal railcars. Our most important intermodal product is our articulated double-stack railcar. The double-stack railcar is designed to transport containers stacked two-high on a single platform. An articulated double-stack railcar is comprised of up to five platforms each of which is linked by a common set of wheels and axles. Our comprehensive line of articulated and non-articulated double-stack intermodal railcars offers varying load capacities and configurations. The double-stack railcar provides significant operating and capital savings over other types of intermodal railcars.

Conventional Railcars -We produce a wide range of boxcars, which are used in forest products, automotive, perishables, general merchandise applications and the transport of commodities. We also produce a variety of covered hopper cars for the grain and cement industries as well as gondolas for the steel and metals markets and various other conventional railcar types, including our proprietary Auto-Max car. Our flat car products include center partition cars for the forest products industry, bulkhead flat cars, flat cars for automotive transportation and solid waste service flat cars.

The Greenbrier Companies 2011 Annual Report3


Tank Cars -We produce a line of tank car products for the North American market. We produce 30,000-gallon non-coiled, non-insulated tank cars, which are used to transport ethanol, methanol and more than 60 other commodities. We also produce 16,500 gallon coiled, insulated tank cars for use in caustic soda service, and 25,500 gallonand/or 23,500 gallon coiled, insulated tank cars for use to transport a variety of commodities such as vegetable oils and bio-diesel.

The Greenbrier Companies 2010 Annual Report


European Railcar Manufacturing -Our European manufacturing operation produces a variety of railcar (wagon) types, including a comprehensive line of pressurized tank cars for liquid petroleum gas and ammonia and non-pressurized tank cars for light oil, chemicals and other products. In addition, we produce flat cars, coil cars for the steel and metals market, coal cars for both the continental European and United Kingdom markets, gondolas, sliding wall cars and automobile transporter cars. Although no formal statistics are available for the European market, we believe we are one of the largestleading new freight car manufacturers with an estimated market share of10-15%.

Marine Vessel Fabrication -Our Portland, Oregon manufacturing facility, located on a deep-water port on the Willamette River, includes marine vessel fabrication capabilities. The marine facilities also increase utilization of steel plate burning and fabrication capacity providing flexibility for railcar production. We manufacture a broad range of ocean-going barges including conventional deck barges, double-hull tank barges, railcar/deck barges, barges for aggregates and other heavy industrial products and dump barges. Our primary focus is on the larger ocean-going vessels although the facility has the capability to compete in other marine related products.

Wheel Services, Refurbishment & Parts

Wheel Services, Railcar Repair, Refurbishment and Component Parts Manufacturing-We believe we operate the largest independent wheel services, repair, refurbishment and component parts networks in North America, operating in 38 locations. Our wheel shops, operating in 12 locations, provide complete wheel services including reconditioning of wheels, axles and roller bearings in addition to new axle machining and finishing and axle downsizing. Our network of railcar repair and refurbishment shops, operating in 22 locations, performs heavy railcar repair and refurbishment, as well as routine railcar maintenance. We are actively engaged in the repair and refurbishment of railcars for third parties, as well as of our own leased and managed fleet. Our component parts facilities, operating in 4 locations, recondition railcar cushioning units, couplers, yokes, side frames, bolsters and various other parts. We also produce roofs, doors and associated parts for boxcars.

Leasing & Services

Leasing-Our relationships with financial institutions, combined with our ownership of a lease fleet of approximately 8,0009,000 railcars, enables us to offer flexible financing programs including traditional direct finance leases, operating leases and “by the mile” leases to our customers. As an equipment owner, we participate principally in the operating lease segment of the market. The majority of our leases are “full service” leases whereby we are responsible for maintenance and administration. Maintenance of the fleet is provided, in part, through our own facilities and engineering and technical staff. Assets from our owned lease fleet are periodically sold to take advantage of market conditions, manage risk and maintain liquidity.

64The Greenbrier Companies 20102011 Annual Report


Management Services-Our management services business offers a broad array of software and services that include railcar maintenance management, railcar accounting services such(such as billing and revenue collection, car hire receivable and payable administration,administration), total fleet management including(including railcar tracking using proprietary software,software), administration and railcar remarketing. Frequently, we originate leases of railcars, which are either newly built or refurbished by us, with railroads or shippers, and sell the railcars and attached leases to financial institutions and subsequently provide management services under multi-year agreements. We currently own or provide management services for a fleet of approximately 233,000225,000 railcars in North America for railroads, shippers, carriers, institutional investors and other leasing and transportation companies.
             
  Fleet Profile(1)
 
  As of August 31, 2010 
  Owned
  Managed
  Total
 
  Units(2)  Units  Units 
  
Customer Profile:            
Class I Railroads  3,053   100,505   103,558 
Leasing Companies  50   97,393   97,443 
Non-Class I Railroads  1,326   17,330   18,656 
Shipping Companies  3,171   9,969   13,140 
Off-lease  458      458 
En route to Customer Location  98   26   124 
 
 
Total Units  8,156   225,223   233,379 
             
companies in North America.

   Fleet Profile(1)
As of August 31, 2011
 
    

Owned

Units(2)

   

Managed

Units

   

Total

Units

 

Customer Profile:

      

Class I Railroads

   3,426     91,270     94,696  

Leasing Companies

   313     93,178     93,491  

Non-Class I Railroads

   1,488     18,164     19,652  

Shipping Companies

   3,063     13,076     16,139  

Off-lease

   375     147     522  

En route to Customer Location

   19     8     27  

 

 

Total Units

   8,684     215,843     224,527  

 

 
(1)

Each platform of a railcar is treated as a separate unit.

(2)

Percent of owned units on lease is 94.4%95.7% with an average remaining lease term of 2.52.1 years. The average age of owned units is 1716 years.

Backlog

The following table depicts our reported third party railcar backlog in number of railcars and estimated future revenue value attributable to such backlog, at the dates shown:

             
  August 31, 
  2010  2009  2008 
  
 
New railcar backlog units(1)
  5,300   13,400   16,200 
Estimated future revenue value (in millions)(2)
 $420  $1,160  $1,440 

   August 31, 
    2011   2010   2009 

New railcar backlog units(1)

   15,400     5,300     13,400  

Estimated future revenue value (in millions)(2)

  $1,230    $420    $1,160  
(1)

Each platform of a railcar is treated as a separate unit.

(2)

Subject to change based on finalization of product mix.

The rail and marine industries are cyclical in nature. We are continuing to see recovery in the freight car markets in which we operate. Demand for our marine barge products remains soft. Customer orders may be subject to cancellations and contain terms and conditions customary in the industry. Until recently,Historically, little variation has been experienced between the quantity ordered and the quantity actually delivered. Economic conditions have caused some customers to seek to renegotiate, delay or cancel orders. Our railcar and marine backlogs are not necessarily indicative of future results of operations.

Multi-year supply agreements are a part of rail industry practice. Our total manufacturing backlog of railcars as of August 31, 20102011 was approximately 5,30015,400 units with an estimated value of $420 million,$1.23 billion, compared to 13,4005,300 units valued at $1.16 billion$420 million as of August 31, 2009. The August 31, 2010 backlog did not include approximately 300 units valued at $20 million scheduled for production in 2011. These 300 units are contractually committed to third party lessees and are expected to be placed into our lease fleet.2010. Based on current production plans, approximately 4,10014,500 units in the August 31, 20102011 backlog are scheduled for delivery in fiscal year 2011.2012. The balance of the production is scheduled for delivery through fiscal year 2013. A portion of the orders included in backlog reflects an assumed product mix. Under terms of the orders, the exact mix will be determined in the future which may impact the dollar amount of backlog. Subsequent

We currently have no marine backlog compared to year end we received new railcar orders for 3,200 units with an aggregate value of approximately $200 million. These units are scheduled for delivery in fiscal year 2011.

The Greenbrier Companies 2010 Annual Report


Marine backlog was approximately $10 million as of August 31, 2010 with production scheduled into 2011. During the quarter ended August 31, 2010, we removed approximately $60 million of marine vessels from backlog due to the current likelihood that these vessels will not be produced and sold as a result of current economic conditions. Marine backlog was approximately $126 million as of August 31, 2009.
2010.

The Greenbrier Companies 2011 Annual Report5


Customers

Our railcar customers in North America include Class I railroads, regional and short-line railroads, leasing companies, shippers, carriers and transportation companies. We have strong, long-term relationships with many of our customers. We believe that our customers’ preference for high quality products, our technological leadership in developing innovative products and competitive pricing of our railcars have helped us maintain our long-standing relationships with our customers.

In 2010,2011, revenue from threefour customers together, TTX Company (TTX), Union Pacific Railroad (UP), BNSF Railway Company (BNSF), Union Pacific Railroad (UP) and General Electric Railcar Services Corporation (GE) accounted for approximately 42%56% of total revenue, 28%18% of Leasing & Services revenue, 40%52% of Wheel Services, Refurbishment & Parts revenue and 48%62% of Manufacturing revenue. No other customers accounted for more than 10% of total revenue.

Raw Materials and Components

Our products require a supply of materials including steel and specialty components such as brakes, wheels and axles. Specialty components purchased from third parties represent a significant amount of the cost of most freight cars. Our customers often specify particular components and suppliers of such components. Although the number of alternative suppliers of certain specialty components has declined in recent years, there are at least two suppliers for most such components and we are not reliant on any one supplier for any component.

components.

Certain materials and components are periodically in short supply which could potentially impact production at our new railcar and refurbishment facilities. In an effort to mitigate shortages and reduce supply chain costs, we have entered into strategic alliances for the global sourcing of certain components, increased our replacement parts business and continue to pursue strategic opportunities to protect and enhance our supply chain.

We periodically make advance purchases to avoid possible shortages of material due to capacity limitations of component suppliers and possible price increases. We do not typically enter into binding long-term contracts with suppliers because we rely on established relationships with major suppliers to ensure the availability of raw materials andmaterials. We do have certain long-term agreements for specialty items.

items to insure their availability.

Competition

There are currently six major railcar manufacturers competing in North America. One of these builds railcars principally for its own fleet and the others compete with us principally in the general railcar market. We compete on the basis of quality, price, reliability of delivery, reputation and customer service and support.

Competition in the marine industry is dependent on the type of product produced. There are two principal competitors, located in the Gulf States, which build product types similar to ours. We compete on the basis of experienced labor, launch ways capacity, quality, price and reliability of delivery. United States (U.S.) coastwise law, commonly referred to as the Jones Act, requires all commercial vessels transporting merchandise between ports in the U.S. to be built, owned, operated and manned by U.S. citizens and to be registered under the U.S. flag.

We believe that we are among the top five European railcar manufacturers, which maintain a combined market share of over 80%. European freight car manufacturers are largely located in central and eastern Europe where labor rates are lower and work rules are more flexible.

Competition in the wheel services, refurbishment and parts business is dependent on the type of product or service provided. There are many competitors in the railcar repair and refurbishment business and fewer competitors in the wheel services and other parts businesses; recently there have been new entrants in this business segment.the wheel services business. We believe we are

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one of the largest competitors in each business.non-railroad provider of wheel services and refurbishment services. We compete primarily on the basis of quality, timeliness of delivery, customer service, single source solutionsprice and engineering expertise.

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There are at least twenty institutions that provide railcar leasing and services similar to ours. Many of them are also customers that buy new railcars from our manufacturing facilities and used carsrailcars from our lease fleet, as well as utilize our management services. More than half of these institutions have greater resources than we do. We compete primarily on the basis of quality, price, delivery, reputation, service offerings and deal structuring ability. We believe our strong servicing capability and our ability to sell railcars with a lease attached (syndicate railcars), integrated with our manufacturing, repair shops, railcar specialization and expertise in particular lease structures provide a strong competitive position.

Marketing and Product Development

In North America, we utilize an integrated marketing and sales effort to coordinate relationships in our various segments. We provide our customers with a diverse range of equipment and financing alternatives designed to satisfy each customer’s unique needs, whether the customer is buying new equipment, refurbishing existing equipment or seeking to outsource the maintenance or management of equipment. These custom programs may involve a combination of railcar products, leasing, refurbishing and remarketing services. In addition, we provide customized maintenance management, equipment management, accounting services and proprietary software solutions.

In Europe, we maintain relationships with customers through a network of country-specific sales representatives. Our engineering and technical staff works closely with their customer counterparts on the design and certification of railcars. Many European railroads are state-owned and are subject to European Union regulations covering the tender of government contracts.

Through our customer relationships, insights are derived into the potential need for new products and services. Marketing and engineering personnel collaborate to evaluate opportunities and identify and develop new products. Research and development costs incurred for new product development during the years ended August 31, 2011, 2010 and 2009 and 2008 were $3.0 million, $2.6 million and $1.7 million and $2.9 million.

Patents and Trademarks

We have a number of U.S. andnon-U.S. patents of varying duration, and pending patent applications, registered trademarks, copyrights and trade names that are important to our products and product development efforts. The protection of our intellectual property is important to our business and we have a proactive program aimed at protecting our intellectual property and the results from our research and development.

Environmental Matters

We are subject to national, state and local environmental laws and regulations concerning, among other matters, air emissions, wastewater discharge, solid and hazardous waste disposal and employee health and safety. Prior to acquiring facilities, we usually conduct investigations to evaluate the environmental condition of subject properties and may negotiate contractual terms for allocation of environmental exposure arising from prior uses. We operate our facilities in a manner designed to maintain compliance with applicable environmental laws and regulations.

Environmental studies have been conducted on certain of the Company’s owned and leased properties that indicate additional investigation and some remediation on certain properties may be necessary. The Company’s Portland, Oregon manufacturing facility is located adjacent to the Willamette River. The United StatesU.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) has classified portions of the river bed, including the portion fronting Greenbrier’s facility, as a federal “National Priority List” or “Superfund” site due to sediment contamination (the Portland Harbor Site). Greenbrier and more than 130140 other parties have received a “General Notice” of potential liability from the EPA relating to the Portland Harbor Site. The letter advised the Company that it may be liable for the costs of investigation and remediation (which liability may be joint and several with other potentially responsible parties) as well as for natural resource damages resulting from releases of hazardous substances to the site. At this time, ten private and public entities, including the Company, have signed an Administrative Order on Consent (AOC) to perform a remedial investigation/feasibility study (RI/FS) of the Portland Harbor Site under EPA oversight, and

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EPA oversight, and several additional entities have not signed such consent, but are nevertheless contributing money to the effort. A draft of the RI study was submitted on October 27, 2009. The Feasibility Study is being developed and is expected to be submitted in the thirdfirst calendar quarter of 2011. Eighty-two2012. Eighty-three parties, including the State of Oregon and the federal government, have entered into a non-judicial mediation process to try to allocate costs associated with the Portland Harbor site. Approximately 110 additional parties have signed tolling agreements related to such allocations. On April 23, 2009, the Company and the other AOC signatories filed suit against 69 other parties due to a possible limitations period for some such claims;Arkema Inc. et al v. A & C Foundry Products, Inc.et al,US District Court, District of Oregon, Case #3:09-cv-453-PK. All but 12 of these parties elected to sign tolling agreements and be dismissed without prejudice, and the case has now been stayed by the court, pending completion of the RI/FS. In addition, the Company has entered into a VoluntaryClean-Up Agreement with the Oregon Department of Environmental Quality in which the Company agreed to conduct an investigation of whether, and to what extent, past or present operations at the Portland property may have released hazardous substances to the environment. The Company is also conducting groundwater remediation relating to a historical spill on the property which antedates its ownership.

Because these environmental investigations are still underway, the Company is unable to determine the amount of ultimate liability relating to these matters. Based on the results of the pending investigations and future assessments of natural resource damages, Greenbrier may be required to incur costs associated with additional phases of investigation or remedial action, and may be liable for damages to natural resources. In addition, the Company may be required to perform periodic maintenance dredging in order to continue to launch vessels from its launch ways in Portland, Oregon, on the Willamette River, in Portland, Oregon, and the river’s classification as a Superfund site could result in some limitations on future dredging and launch activities. Any of these matters could adversely affect the Company’s business and results of operations,Consolidated Financial Statements, or the value of its Portland property.

Regulation

The Federal Railroad Administration in the United StatesU.S. and Transport Canada in Canada administer and enforce laws and regulations relating to railroad safety. These regulations govern equipment and safety appliance standards for freight cars and other rail equipment used in interstate commerce. The Association of American Railroads (AAR) promulgates a wide variety of rules and regulations governing the safety and design of equipment, relationships among railroads and other railcar owners with respect to railcars in interchange, and other matters. The AAR also certifies railcar builders and component manufacturers that provide equipment for use on North American railroads. These regulations require us to maintain our certifications with the AAR as a railcar builder and component manufacturer, and products sold and leased by us in North America must meet AAR, Transport Canada, and Federal Railroad Administration standards.

The primary regulatory and industry authorities involved in the regulation of the ocean-going barge industry are the U.S. Coast Guard, the Maritime Administration of the U.S. Department of Transportation, and private industry organizations such as the American Bureau of Shipping.

The regulatory environment in Europe consists of a combination of European Union (EU) regulations and country specific regulations, including a harmonized set of Technical Standards for Interoperability of freight wagons throughout the EU.

Employees

As of August 31, 2010,2011, we had 4,1946,032 full-time employees, consisting of 2,6654,462 employees in Manufacturing, 1,3581,424 in Wheel Services, Refurbishment & Parts and 171146 employees in Leasing & Services and corporate. At the manufacturing facility in Swidnica,In Poland, 312372 employees are represented by unions. At our Frontera, Mexico joint venture manufacturing facility, 5871,076 employees are represented by a union. At our Sahagun, Mexico facility, 206587 employees are represented by a union. In addition to our own employees, 2441,163 union employees work at our Sahagun, Mexico railcar manufacturing facility under our services agreement with Bombardier Transportation. At our Wheel Services, Refurbishment & Parts locations, 5972 employees, in Mexico, are represented by unions. We believe that our relations with our employees are generally good.

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Additional Information

We are a reporting company and file annual, quarterly, current and special reports, proxy statements and other information with the Securities and Exchange Committee (SEC). You may read and copy these materials at the Public Reference Room maintained by the SEC at Room 1580, 100 F Street N.E., Washington, D.C. 20549. You may call the SEC at1-800-SEC-0330 for more informationThrough a link on the operationInvestor Relations section of our website,http://www.gbrx.com, we make available the following filings as soon as reasonably practicable after they are electronically filed with or furnished to the SEC. Our Annual Report on Form 10-K, Quarterly Reports on Form 10-Q, Current Reports on Form 8-K, and any amendments to those reports filed or furnished pursuant to Section 13(a) or 15(d) of the public reference room. The SEC maintains an Internet site athttp://www.sec.gov that contains reports, proxy and information statements and other information regarding issuers that file electronically with the SEC.Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended. All such filings are available free of charge. Copies of our annual, quarterly and special reports, Audit Committee Charter, Compensation Committee Charter, Nominating/Corporate Governance Committee Charter and the Company’s Corporate Governance Guidelines are also available on our web site athttp://www.gbrx.com or. In addition, each of the reports and documents listed above are available free of charge by contacting our Investor Relations Department at The Greenbrier Companies, Inc., One Centerpointe Drive, Suite 200, Lake Oswego, Oregon 97035.

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Item 1a.RISK FACTORS

In addition to the risks outlined in this annual report under the heading “Forward-Looking Statements,” as well as other comments included herein regarding risks and uncertainties, the following risk factors should be carefully considered when evaluating our company. Our business, financial condition or financial results could be materially and adversely affected by any of these risks.

Item 1a. RISK FACTORS

The ongoing uncertainty and volatility in the financial markets related to the U.S. budget deficit, the European sovereign debt crisis and the state of the U.S. economic recovery may adversely affect our operating results.

Global financial markets continue to experience disruptions, including increased volatility, and diminished liquidity and credit availability. In particular, developments in Europe have created uncertainty with respect to the ability of certain European countries to continue to service their sovereign debt obligations. This debt crisis and related European financial restructuring efforts may cause the value of the Euro to deteriorate, reducing the purchasing power of our European customers and reducing the translated amounts of U.S. dollar revenues. In addition, the European crisis is contributing to instability in global credit markets. If global economic and market conditions, or economic conditions in Europe, the U.S. or other key markets, remain uncertain, persist, or deteriorate further, our customers may respond by suspending, delaying or reducing their capital expenditures and equipment maintenance budgets, which may adversely affect our cash flows and results of operations.

During economic downturns or a rising interest rate environment, the cyclical nature of our business results in lower demand for our products and services and reduced revenue.

Our business is cyclical. Overall economic conditions and the purchasing practices of buyers have a significant effect upon our railcar repair, refurbishment and component parts, marine manufacturing, railcar manufacturing and leasing and fleet management services businesses due to the impact on demand for new, refurbished, used and leased products.products and services. As a result, during downturns, we could operate with a lower level of backlog and may temporarily slow down or halt production at some or all of our facilities. Economic conditions that result in higher interest rates increase the cost of new leasing arrangements, which could cause some of our leasing customers to lease fewer of our railcars or demand shorter lease terms. An economic downturn or increase in interest rates may reduce demand for our products and services, resulting in lower sales volumes, lower prices, lower lease utilization rates and decreased profits.

We face aggressive competition by a concentrated group of competitors and a number of factors may influence our performance and our results of operations.

We face aggressive competition by a concentrated group of competitors in all geographic markets and in each area of our business. The railcar manufacturing and repair industry is intensely competitive and we expect it to

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remain so in the foreseeable future. A number of other factors may influence our performance, including without limitation: fluctuations in the demand for newly manufactured railcars or marine barges; fluctuations in demand for wheel services, refurbishment and parts; our ability to adjust to the cyclical nature of the industries in which we operate; delays in receipt of orders, risks that contracts may be canceled during their term or not renewed and that customers may not purchase the amount of products or services under the contracts as anticipated; domestic and global economic conditions including such matters as embargoes or quotas; growth or reduction in the surface transportation industry; steel and specialty component price fluctuations and availability, scrap surcharges, steel scrap prices and other commodity price fluctuations and their impact on product demand and margin; loss of business from, or a decline in the financial condition of, any of the principal customers that represent a significant portion of our total revenues; competitive factors, including introduction of competitive products, new entrants into certain of our markets, price pressures, limited customer base and competitiveness of our manufacturing facilities and products; industry overcapacity and our manufacturing capacity utilization; and other risks, uncertainties and factors. If we do not compete successfully or if we are affected by any of these factors, our market share, margin and results of operation may be adversely affected.

A change in our product mix, a failure to design or manufacture products or technologies or achieve certification or market acceptance of new products or technologies or introduction of products by our competitors could have an adverse effect on our profitability and competitive position.

We manufacture and repair a variety of railcars. The demand for specific types of these railcars and mix of refurbishment work varies from time to time. These shifts in demand could affect our margins and could have an adverse effect on our profitability. Currently a large portion of our backlog includes a concentrated product mix of covered hoppers and tank cars used in hydraulic fracturing operations for the extraction of fossil fuels. A sudden change in this market could have an adverse effect on our profitability.

We continue to introduce new railcar products and technologies and periodically accept orders prior to receipt of railcar certification or proof of ability to manufacture a quality product that meets customer standards. We could be unable to successfully design or manufacture these new railcar products and technologies. Our inability to develop and manufacture such new products and technologies in a timely and profitable manner, to obtain certification, and achieve market acceptance or the existence of quality problems in our new products could have a material adverse effect on our revenue and results of operations and subject us to penalties, cancellation of orders and/or other damages.

In addition, new technologies, changes in product mix or the introduction of new railcars and product offerings by our competitors could render our products obsolete or less competitive. As a result, our ability to compete effectively could be harmed.

A prolonged decline in performance of the rail freight industry would have an adverse effect on our financial condition and results of operations.

Our future success depends in part upon the performance of the rail freight industry, which in turn depends on the health of the economy. If railcar loadings, railcar and railcar components replacement rates or refurbishment rates or industry demand for our railcar products remain weakweaken or otherwise do not materialize, our financial condition and results of operations would be adversely affected.

A prolonged decline in demand for our barge products would have an adverse effect on our financial condition and results of operations.

The April 2010 catastrophic explosion of the Deepwater Horizon oil drilling platform and the related oil spill in the U.S. Gulf of Mexico coupled with currently weak economic conditions may continue to have an adverse effect on our results of operations by reducing demand for our marine barges. These could reduce our revenues and margins, limit our ability to grow, increase pricing pressure on our products, and otherwise adversely affect our financial results.
Our level of indebtedness and terms of our indebtedness could adversely affect our business, financial condition and liquidity.
We have a high level of indebtedness, a portion of which has variable interest rates. Although we intend to refinance our debt on or before maturity, there can be no assurance that we will be successful, or if refinanced, that it will be at favorable rates and terms. If we are unable to successfully refinance our debt, we could have inadequate liquidity to fund our ongoing cash needs. In addition, our high level of indebtedness and our financial covenants limit our ability to borrow additional amounts of money for working capital, capital expenditures or other purposes. We must dedicate a substantial portion of these funds to service debt, limiting our ability to use operating cash flow in other areas of our business. The limitations of our financial covenants, among other things, limit our ability to incur additional indebtedness or guarantees, pay dividends or repurchase stock, enter into sale leaseback transactions, create liens, sell assets, engage in transactions with affiliates, joint ventures and foreign subsidiaries, and engage in other transactions, including but not limited to loans, advances, equity investments and guarantees, enter into mergers, consolidations or sales of substantially all of our assets, and enter into new lines of business. The high amount of debt increases our vulnerability to general adverse economic and industry conditions and could limit our ability to take advantage of business opportunities and to react to competitive pressures.
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We compete in a highly competitive and concentrated industry which may adversely impact our financial results.
We face aggressive competition by a concentrated group of competitors in all geographic markets and each industry sector in which we operate. Some of these companies have significantly greater resources or may operate more efficiently than we do. The effect of this competition could reduce our revenues and margins, limit our ability to grow, increase pricing pressure on our products, and otherwise affect our financial results. In addition, because of the concentrated nature of our competitors, customers and suppliers, we face a heightened risk that further consolidation of our competitors, customers and suppliers could adversely affect our revenues, cost of revenues and profitability.
Changes in the credit markets and the financial services industry could negatively impact our business, results of operations, financial condition or liquidity.
During 2008 and 2009, the credit markets and the financial services industry experienced a period of unprecedented turmoil, resulting in tighter availability of credit on more restrictive terms. Such factors could have a negative impact on our liquidity and financial condition if our ability to borrow money to finance operations, obtain credit from trade creditors, offer leasing products to our customers or sell railcar assets to other lessors were to be impaired. In addition, if economic conditions remain depressed it could also adversely impact our customers’ ability to purchase or pay for products from us or our suppliers’ ability to provide us with product, either of which could negatively impact our business and results of operations.
We derive a significant amount of our revenue from a limited number of customers, the loss of or reduction of business from one or more of which could have an adverse effect on our business.
A significant portion of our revenue and backlog is generated from a few major customers such as BNSF Railway Company, General Electric Railcar Services Corporation and Union Pacific Railroad. Although we have some long-term contractual relationships with our major customers, we cannot be assured that our customers will continue to use our products or services or that they will continue to do so at historical levels. A reduction in the purchase or leasing of our products or a termination of our services by one or more of our major customers could have an adverse effect on our business and operating results.
Fluctuations in the availability and price of steel and other raw materials could have an adverse effect on our ability to manufacture and sell our products on a cost-effective basis and could adversely affect our margins and revenue of our wheel services, refurbishment and parts business.
A significant portion of our business depends upon the adequate supply of steel at competitive prices and a small number of suppliers provide a substantial amount of our requirements. The cost of steel and all other materials used in the production of our railcars represents more than half of our direct manufacturing costs per railcar and in the production of our marine barges represents more than 30% of our direct manufacturing costs per marine barge.
Our businesses depend upon the adequate supply of other materials, including castings and specialty components, at competitive prices. We cannot be assured that we will continue to have access to supplies of necessary components for manufacturing railcars and marine barges. Our ability to meet demand for our products could be adversely affected by the loss of access to any of these supplies, the inability to arrange alternative access to any materials, or suppliers limiting allocation of materials to us.
If the price of steel or other raw materials were to fluctuate and we were unable to adjust our selling prices or have adequate protection in our contracts against changes in material prices or reduce operating costs to offset any price increases, our margins would be adversely affected. The loss of suppliers or their inability to meet our price, quality, quantity and delivery requirements could have an adverse effect on our ability to manufacture and sell our products on a cost-effective basis.
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When the price of scrap steel decreases it adversely impacts our Wheel Services, Refurbishment & Parts margin and revenue. Part of our Wheel Services, Refurbishment & Parts business involves scrapping steel parts and the resulting revenue from such scrap steel increases our margins and revenues. When the price of scrap steel declines, our margins and revenues in such business therefore decrease.
Our backlog is not necessarily indicative of the level of our future revenues.

Our manufacturing backlog isrepresents future production for which we have written orders from our customers in various periods, and estimated potential revenue attributable to those orders. Some of this backlog is subject to our fulfillment of certain competitive conditions. Our reported backlog may not be converted to revenue in any particular period and some of our contracts permit cancellations without financial penalties or with limited compensation that would not replace lost revenue or margins. Actual revenue from such contracts may not equal our backlog revenues, and therefore, our backlog is not necessarily indicative of the level of our future revenues.

Our financial performance and market value could cause future write-downs

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We derive a significant amount of goodwill in future periods.

We are required to perform an annual impairment reviewour revenue from a limited number of customers, the loss of or reduction of business from one or more of which could resulthave an adverse effect on our business. A significant portion of our revenue and backlog is generated from a few major customers. We cannot be assured that our customers will continue to use our products or services or that they will continue to do so at historical levels. A reduction in impairment write-downsthe purchase or leasing of our products or a termination of our services by one or more of our major customers could have an adverse effect on our business and operating results.

We derive a significant amount of our revenue from a limited number of customers, the loss of or reduction of business from one or more of which could have an adverse effect on our business.

A significant portion of our revenue and backlog is generated from a few major customers such as TTX, BNSF, UP and GE. Although we have some long-term contractual relationships with our major customers, we cannot be assured that our customers will continue to goodwill. Ifuse our products or services or that they will continue to do so at historical levels. A reduction in the carrying valuepurchase or leasing of our products or a termination of our services by one or more of our major customers could have an adverse effect on our business and operating results.

Fluctuations in the asset isavailability and price of energy, steel and other raw materials, and our fixed price contracts could have an adverse effect on our ability to manufacture and sell our products on a cost-effective basis and could adversely affect our margins and revenue of our manufacturing and wheel services, refurbishment and parts businesses.

A significant portion of our business depends upon the adequate supply of steel, components and other raw materials at competitive prices and a small number of suppliers provide a substantial amount of our requirements. The cost of steel and all other materials used in the production of our railcars represents more than half of our direct manufacturing costs per railcar and in the production of our marine barges represents more than 30% of our direct manufacturing costs per marine barge.

Our businesses also depend upon the adequate supply of energy at competitive prices. When the price of energy increases it adversely impacts our operating costs and could have an adverse effect upon our ability to conduct our businesses on a cost-effective basis. We cannot be assured that we will continue to have access to supplies of energy or necessary components for manufacturing railcars and marine barges. Our ability to meet demand for our products could be adversely affected by the loss of access to any of these supplies, the inability to arrange alternative access to any materials, or suppliers limiting allocation of materials to us.

In some instances, we have fixed price contracts which anticipate material price increases and surcharges, or contracts that contain actual or formulaic pass through of material price increases and surcharges. However, if the price of steel or other raw materials were to fluctuate in excess of anticipated increases on which we have based our fixed price contracts, or if we were unable to adjust our selling prices or have adequate protection in our contracts against changes in material prices, or if we are unable to reduce operating costs to offset any price increases, our margins would be adversely affected. The loss of suppliers or their inability to meet our price, quality, quantity and delivery requirements could have an adverse effect on our ability to manufacture and sell our products on a cost-effective basis.

Decreases in the fair value, the carrying value will be adjusted to fair value through an impairment charge. Asprice of August 31, 2010, we had $137.1 million of goodwill inscrap adversely impact our Wheel Services, Refurbishment & Parts segment. Our stockmargin and revenue. A portion of our Wheel Services, Refurbishment & Parts business involves scrapping steel parts and the resulting revenue from such scrap steel increases our margins and revenues. When the price can impact theof scrap steel declines, our margins and revenues in such business therefore decrease.

If we are not able to procure specialty components on commercially reasonable terms or on a timely basis, our business, financial condition and results of operations would be adversely impacted. We rely on limited suppliers for certain components needed in our production.

Our manufacturing operations depend in part on our ability to obtain timely deliveries of materials and components in acceptable quantities and quality from our suppliers. Certain components of our products,

The Greenbrier Companies 2011 Annual Report11


particularly specialized components like castings, bolsters and trucks, are currently available from only a limited number of suppliers. Recent increases in the impairment reviewnumber of goodwill. Future write-downsrailcars manufactured have increased the demand for such components and continued strong demand has caused temporary shortages and may cause industry-wide shortages if suppliers are in the process of goodwillramping up production or reach capacity production. Our dependence on a limited number of suppliers involves risks, including limited control over pricing, availability and delivery schedules. If any one or more of our suppliers cease to provide us with sufficient quantities of our components in a timely manner or on terms acceptable to us, or cease to manufacture components of acceptable quality, we could affect certainincur disruptions or be limited in our production of our products and we could have to seek alternative sources for these components. We could also incur delays while we attempt to locate and engage alternative qualified suppliers and we might be unable to engage acceptable alternative suppliers on favorable terms, if at all. Any such disruption in our supply of specialized components or increased costs in those components could harm our business and adversely impact our results of operations.

Changes in the credit markets and the financial covenants underservices industry could negatively impact our business, results of operations, financial condition or liquidity.

The credit agreementsmarkets and the financial services industry continue to experience a period of unprecedented turmoil, resulting in tighter availability of credit on more restrictive terms. This could restricthave a negative impact on our liquidity and financial flexibility.condition if our ability to borrow money to finance operations, obtain credit from trade creditors, offer leasing products to our customers or sell railcar assets to other lessors were to be impaired. In addition, if economic conditions remain depressed it could also adversely impact our customers’ ability to purchase or pay for products from us or our suppliers’ ability to provide us with product, either of which could negatively impact our business and results of operations.

If we or our joint ventures fail to complete capital expenditure projects on time and within budget, or if these projects, once completed, fail to operate as anticipated, such failure could adversely affect our business, financial condition and results of operations.

From time-to-time, we, or our joint ventures, undertake strategic capital projects in order to enhance, expand and/or upgrade facilities and operational capabilities. For instance, we have undertaken an expansion of our wheels services business near North Platte, Nebraska and commenced construction of a new advanced automated wheel facility. In addition, our facility in Sahagun, Mexico is currently building a new railcar production line to replace a temporary line currently in use. Our ability, and our joint ventures’ ability, to complete these projects on time and within budget, and for us to realize the eventanticipated increased revenues or otherwise realize acceptable returns on these investments or other strategic capital projects that may be undertaken is subject to a number of goodwill impairment,risks, many of which are beyond our control, including a variety of market, operational, permitting, and labor related factors. In addition, the cost to implement any given strategic capital project ultimately may prove to be greater than originally anticipated. If we, or our joint ventures, are not able to achieve the anticipated results from the implementation of any of these strategic capital projects, or if unanticipated implementation costs are incurred, our business, financial condition and results of operations may have to test other intangible assets for impairment.

be adversely affected.

The timing of our asset sales and related revenue recognition could cause significant differences in our quarterly results and liquidity.

We may build railcars or marine barges in anticipation of a customer order, or that are leased to a customer and ultimately planned to be sold to a third-party. The difference in timing of production and the ultimate sale is subject to risk and could cause a fluctuation in our quarterly results and liquidity. In addition, we periodically sell railcars from our own lease fleet and the timing and volume of such sales is difficult to predict. As a result, comparisons of our quarterly revenues,gain on disposition of equipment, income and liquidity between quarterly periods within one year and between comparable periods in different years may not be meaningful and should not be relied upon as indicators of our future performance.

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We could be unable to remarket leased railcars on favorable terms upon lease termination or realize the expected residual values, which could reduce our revenue and decrease our overall return.

We re-lease or sell railcars we own upon the expiration of existing lease terms. The total rental payments we receive under our operating leases do not fully amortize the acquisition costs of the leased equipment, which exposes us to risks associated with remarketing the railcars. Our ability to remarket leased railcars profitably is dependent upon several factors, including, but not limited to, market and industry conditions, cost of and demand for newer models, costs associated with the refurbishment of the railcars and interest rates. Our inability to re-lease or sell leased railcars on favorable terms could result in reduced revenues and margins or gain on disposition of equipment and decrease our overall returns.

Risks related to our operations outside of the United StatesU.S. could adversely impact our operating results.

Our operations outside of the United StatesU.S. are subject to the risks associated with cross-border business transactions and activities. Political, legal, trade or economic changes or instability could limit or curtail our foreign business activities and operations. Some foreign countries in which we operate have regulatory authorities that regulate railroad safety, railcar design and railcar component part design, performance and manufacturing. If

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we fail to obtain and maintain certifications of our railcars and railcar parts within the various foreign countries where we operate, we may be unable to market and sell our railcars in those countries. In addition, unexpected changes in regulatory requirements, tariffs and other trade barriers, more stringent rules relating to labor or the environment, adverse tax consequences, currency and price exchange controls could limit operations and make the manufacture and distribution of our products difficult. The uncertainty of the legal environment or geo-political risks in these and other areas could limit our ability to enforce our rights effectively. Because we have operations outside the U.S., we could be adversely affected by violations of the U.S. Foreign Corrupt Practices Act and similar worldwide anti-corruption laws. We operate in parts of the world that have experienced governmental corruption to some degree, and in certain circumstances, strict compliance with anti-corruption laws may conflict with local customs and practices. The failure to comply with laws governing international business practices may result in substantial penalties and fines. Any international expansion or acquisition that we undertake could amplify these risks related to operating outside of the United States.
U.S.

We depend on our senior management team and other key employees, and significant attrition within our management team or unsuccessful succession planning could adversely affect our business.

Our success depends in part on our ability to attract, retain and motivate senior management and other key employees. Achieving this objective may be difficult due to many factors, including fluctuations in global economic and industry conditions, competitors’ hiring practices, cost reduction activities, and the effectiveness of our compensation programs. Competition for qualified personnel can be very intense. We must continue to recruit, retain and motivate senior management and other key employees sufficient to maintain our current business and support our future projects. We are vulnerable to attrition among our current senior management team and other key employees. A loss of any such personnel, or the inability to recruit and retain qualified personnel in the future, could have an adverse effect on our business, financial condition and results of operations. In addition, several key members of our senior management team are at or nearing retirement age. If we are unsuccessful in our succession planning efforts, the continuity of our business and results of operations could be adversely impacted.

Some of our employees belong to labor unions and strikes or work stoppages could adversely affect our operations.

We are a party to collective bargaining agreements with various labor unions at some of our operations. Disputes with regard to the terms of these agreements or our potential inability to negotiate acceptable contracts with these unions in the future could result in, among other things, strikes, work stoppages or other slowdowns by the affected workers. We cannot be assured that our relations with our workforce will remain positive or that union organizers will not be successful in future attempts to organize at some of our other facilities. If our workers were

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to engage in a strike, work stoppage or other slowdown, or other employees were to become unionized or the terms and conditions in future labor agreements were renegotiated, we could experience a significant disruption of our operations and higher ongoing labor costs. In addition, we could face higher labor costs in the future as a result of severance or other charges associated with lay-offs, shutdowns or reductions in the size and scope of our operations or due to the difficulties of restarting our operations that have been temporarily shuttered.

Shortages of skilled labor could adversely impact our operations.

We depend on skilled labor in the manufacture of railcars and marine barges, and repair and refurbishment of railcars.railcars and provision of wheel services and supply of parts. Some of our facilities are located in areas where demand for skilled laborers often exceeds supply. Shortages of some types of skilled laborers such as welders could restrict our ability to maintain or increase production rates and could increase our labor costs.

We dependOur operations in Mexico are dependent on a number of factors, including factors outside of our senior management team and other key employees, and significant attrition withincontrol. If we experience an interruption of our management team could adversely affectmanufacturing operations in Mexico, our business.

Our success depends in part on our ability to attract, retain and motivate senior management and other key employees. Achieving this objectiveresults of operations may be difficult due to many factors, including fluctuations in global economic and industry conditions, competitors’ hiring practices, cost reduction activities, and the effectiveness of our compensation programs. Competition for qualified personnel can be very intense. We must continue to recruit, retain and motivate senior management and other key employees sufficient to maintain our current business and support our future projects. Cost-cutting measures that have reduced compensation make us vulnerable to attrition among our current senior management team and other key employees, and may make it difficult for us to hire additional senior managers and other key employees. A loss of any such personnel, or the inability to recruit and retain qualified personnel in the future, could have an adverse effect on our business, financial condition and results of operations.
We depend on a third party to provide most of the labor services for our operations in Sahagun, Mexico and if such third party fails to provide the labor, it could adversely affect our operations.affected.

In Sahagun, Mexico, we depend on a third party to provide us with most of the labor services for our operations under a services agreement. This agreement has a term of three years expiring on November 30, 2011, with one three-year option to renew. All of the labor provided by the third party is subject to collective bargaining agreements, over which we have no control. If the third party fails to provide us with the services required by

The Greenbrier Companies 2010 Annual Report15 


our agreement for any reason, including labor stoppages or strikes or a sale of facilities owned by the third party, our operations could be adversely effected.
We Additionally, we could experienceincur substantial expense and interruption if we are unable to renew our Sahagun, Mexico manufacturing facility’s lease on acceptable terms, or at all, or if such lease was terminated early. The current lease agreement expires in November 2014. Any interruption of our manufacturing operations in Mexico which wouldcould adversely affect our results of operations.

Our relationships with our joint venture and alliance partners could be unsuccessful, which could adversely affect our business.

In Sahagun, Mexico, we lease

We have entered into several joint venture agreements and other alliances with other companies to increase our sourcing alternatives, reduce costs, and to produce new railcars for the North American marketplace. We may seek to expand our relationships or enter into new agreements with other companies. If our joint venture alliance partners are unable to fulfill their contractual obligations or if these relationships are otherwise not successful in the future, our manufacturing facility from a third party. The lease agreement has a termcosts could increase, we could encounter production disruptions, growth opportunities could fail to materialize, or we could be required to fund such joint venture alliances in amounts significantly greater than initially anticipated, any of three years expiring on November 30, 2011, with one three-year optionwhich could adversely affect our business.

Our product and repair service warranties could expose us to renew. potentially significant claims.

We could incur substantial expense and interruptionoffer our customers limited warranties for many of our manufacturingproducts and services. Accordingly, we may be subject to significant warranty claims in the future, such as multiple claims based on one defect repeated throughout our production or servicing process or claims for which the cost of repairing the defective part is highly disproportionate to the original cost of the part. These types of warranty claims could result in costly product recalls, customers seeking monetary damages, significant repair costs and damage to our reputation.

If warranty claims attributable to actions of third party component manufacturers are not recoverable from such parties due to their poor financial condition or other reasons, we could be liable for warranty claims and other risks for using these materials on our products.

14The Greenbrier Companies 2011 Annual Report


Our financial performance and market value could cause future write-downs of goodwill or intangibles in future periods.

We are required to perform an annual impairment review of goodwill and indefinite lived assets which could result in impairment write-downs. We perform a goodwill impairment test annually during our third fiscal quarter. Goodwill is also tested more frequently if changes in circumstances or the occurrence of events indicates that a potential impairment exists. When changes in circumstances indicate the carrying amount of certain long-lived assets may not be recoverable, the assets are evaluated for impairment. If the carrying value of the asset is in excess of the fair value, the carrying value will be adjusted to fair value through an impairment charge. As of August 31, 2011, we werehad $137.1 million of goodwill in our Wheel Services, Refurbishment & Parts segment. Our stock price can impact the results of the impairment review of goodwill and intangibles. Future write-downs of goodwill and intangibles could affect certain of the financial covenants under debt instruments and could restrict our financial flexibility. In the event of goodwill impairment, we may have to relocatetest other intangible assets for impairment. Impairment charges to a different location.

our goodwill or our indefinite lived assets could impact our results of operations.

A prolonged decline in demand for our barge products would have an adverse effect on our financial condition and results of operations.

In the marine market, current weak economic conditions may continue to have an adverse effect on our results of operations by reducing demand for our marine barges. This could reduce our revenues and margins, limit our ability to grow, increase pricing pressure on our products, and otherwise adversely affect our financial results.

Fluctuations in foreign currency exchange rates could lead to increased costs and lower profitability.

Outside of the United States,U.S., we operate in Mexico, Germany and Poland, and ournon-U.S. businesses conduct their operations in local currencies and other regional currencies. We also source materials worldwide. Fluctuations in exchange rates may affect demand for our products in foreign markets or our cost competitiveness and may adversely affect our profitability. Although we attempt to mitigate a portion of our exposure to changes in currency rates through currency rate hedge contracts and other activities, these efforts cannot fully eliminate the risks associated with the foreign currencies. In addition, some of our borrowings are in foreign currency, giving rise to risk from fluctuations in exchange rates. A material or adverse change in exchange rates could result in significant deterioration of profits or in losses for us.

We have potential exposure to environmental liabilities, which could increase costs or have an adverse effect on results of operations.

We are subject to extensive national, state, provincial and local environmental laws and regulations concerning, among other things, air emissions, water discharge, solid waste and hazardous substances handling and disposal and employee health and safety. These laws and regulations are complex and frequently change. We could incur unexpected costs, penalties and other civil and criminal liability if we fail to comply with environmental laws or permits issued to us pursuant to those laws. We also could incur costs or liabilities related to off-site waste disposal or remediating soil or groundwater contamination at our properties. In addition, future environmental laws and regulations may require significant capital expenditures or changes to our operations.

In addition to environmental, health and safety laws, the transportation of commodities by railcar raises potential risks in the event of a derailment or other accident. Generally, liability under existing law in the U.S. for accidents such as derailments depends on the negligence of the party. However, for certain hazardous commodities being shipped, strict liability concepts may apply.

Environmental studies have been conducted on certain of our owned and leased properties that indicatehave indicated a need for additional investigation and some remediation on certain properties may be necessary.remediation. Some of these projects are ongoing. Our Portland,

The Greenbrier Companies 2011 Annual Report15


Oregon manufacturing facility is located adjacent to the Willamette River. The United StatesU.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) has classified portions of the river bed, including the portion fronting our Portland, Oregon facility, as a federal “National Priority List” or “Superfund” site due to sediment contamination (the Portland Harbor Site). We and more than 130140 other parties have received a “General Notice” of potential liability from the EPA relating to the Portland Harbor Site. The letter advised that we may be liable for the costs of investigation and remediation (which liability may be joint and several with other potentially responsible parties) as well as for natural resource damages resulting from releases of hazardous substances to the site. At this time, ten private and public entities, including us, have signed an Administrative Order on Consent (AOC) to perform a remedial investigation/feasibility study(RI/FS) of the Portland Harbor Site under EPA oversight, and several additional entities have not signed such consent, but are nevertheless contributing money to the effort. A draft of the RI study was submitted on October 27, 2009. The Feasibility Study is being developed and is expected to be submitted in the thirdfirst calendar quarter of 2011. Eighty-two2012. Eighty-three parties, including the State of Oregon and the federal government, have entered into a non-judicial mediation process to try to allocate costs associated with the Portland Harbor site. Approximately 110 additional parties have signed tolling agreements related to such allocations. On April 23, 2009, we and the other AOC signatories filed suit against 69 other parties due to a possible limitations period for some such claims;Arkema Inc. et al v. A & C Foundry Products, Inc.etInc., et al,US District Court, District of Oregon, Case #3:09-cv-453-PK. All but 12 of these parties elected to sign tolling agreements and be dismissed without prejudice, and the case has now been stayed by the court, pending completion of the RI/FS. In addition, we have entered into a VoluntaryClean-Up Agreement with the Oregon Department of Environmental Quality in which we agreed to conduct an investigation of whether, and to what extent, past or present operations at

16The Greenbrier Companies 2010 Annual Report


the Portland property may have released hazardous substances to the environment. We are also conducting groundwater remediation relating to a historical spill on the property which antedates itsour ownership.

Because these environmental investigations are still underway, we are unable to determine the amount of ultimate liability relating to these matters. Based on the results of the pending investigations and future assessments of natural resource damages, we may be required to incur costs associated with additional phases of investigation or remedial action, and may be liable for damages to natural resources. In addition, we may be required to perform periodic maintenance dredging in order to continue to launch vessels from our launch ways on the Willamette River, in Portland, Oregon, and the river’s classification as a Superfund site could result in some limitations on future dredging and launch activities. Any of these matters could adversely affect our business and results of operations, or the value of our Portland property.

Our implementation of new enterprise resource planning (ERP) systems could result in problems that could negatively impact our business.

We continue to work on the design and implementation of ERP and related systems that support substantially all of our operating and financial functions. We could experience problems in connection with such implementations, including compatibility issues, training requirements, higher than expected implementation costs and other integration challenges and delays. A significant implementation problem, if encountered, could negatively impact our business by disrupting our operations. Additionally, a significant problem with the implementation, integration with other systems or ongoing management of ERP and related systems could have an adverse effect on our ability to generate and interpret accurate management and financial reports and other information on a timely basis, which could have a material adverse effect on our financial reporting system and internal controls and adversely affect our ability to manage our business.

A change in our product mix, a failure to design or manufacture products or technologies or achieve certification or market acceptance of new products or technologies or introduction of products by our competitors could have an adverse effect on our profitability and competitive position.

We manufacture and repair a variety of railcars. The demand for specific types of these railcars and mix of refurbishment work varies from time to time. These shifts in demand could affect our margins and could have an adverse effect on our profitability.
We continue to introduce new railcar products and technologies and periodically accept orders prior to receipt of railcar certification or proof of ability to manufacture a quality product that meets customer standards. We could be unable to successfully design or manufacture these new railcar products and technologies. Our inability to develop and manufacture such new products and technologies in a timely and profitable manner, to obtain certification, and achieve market acceptance or the existence of quality problems in our new products could have a material adverse effect on our revenue and results of operations and subject us to penalties, cancellation of ordersand/or other damages.
In addition, new technologies, changes in product mix or the introduction of new railcars and product offerings by our competitors could render our products obsolete or less competitive. As a result, our ability to compete effectively could be harmed.
Our relationships with our joint venture and alliance partners could be unsuccessful, which could adversely affect our business.
In recent years, we have entered into several joint venture agreements and other alliances with other companies to increase our sourcing alternatives, reduce costs, and to produce new railcars for the North American marketplace. We may seek to expand our relationships or enter into new agreements with other companies. If our joint venture alliance partners are unable to fulfill their contractual obligations or if these relationships are otherwise not successful in the future, our manufacturing costs could increase, we could encounter production disruptions, growth
The Greenbrier Companies 2010 Annual Report17 


opportunities could fail to materialize, or we could be required to fund such joint venture alliances in amounts significantly greater than initially anticipated, any of which could adversely affect our business.
We could have difficulty integrating the operations of any companies that we acquire, which could adversely affect our results of operations.

The success of our acquisition strategy depends upon our ability to successfully complete acquisitions and integrate any businesses that we acquire into our existing business. The integration of acquired business operations could disrupt our business by causing unforeseen operating difficulties, diverting management’s attention fromday-to-day operations and requiring significant financial resources that would otherwise be used

16The Greenbrier Companies 2011 Annual Report


for the ongoing development of our business. The difficulties of integration could be increased by the necessity of coordinating geographically dispersed organizations, integrating personnel with disparate business backgrounds and combining different corporate cultures. In addition, we could be unable to retain key employees or customers of the combined businesses. We could face integration issues pertaining to the internal controls and operational functions of the acquired companies and we also could fail to realize cost efficiencies or synergies that we anticipated when selecting our acquisition candidates. Any of these items could adversely affect our results of operations.

If we are not successful in succession planning for our senior management team our business could be adversely impacted.

Several key members of our senior management team are at or nearing retirement age. If we are unsuccessful in our succession planning efforts, the continuity of our business and results of operations could be adversely impacted.
An adverse outcome in any pending or future litigation could negatively impact our business and results of operations.

We are a defendant in several pending cases in various jurisdictions. If we are unsuccessful in resolving these claims, our business and results of operations could be adversely affected. In addition, future claims that may arise relating to any pending or new matters, whether brought against us or initiated by us against third parties, could distract management’s attention from business operations and increase our legal and related costs, which could also negatively impact our business and results of operations.

We could be liable for physical damage or product liability claims that exceed our insurance coverage.

The nature of our business subjects us to physical damage and product liability claims, especially in connection with the repair and manufacture of products that carry hazardous or volatile materials. WeAlthough we maintain liability insurance coverage at commercially reasonable levels compared to similarly-sized heavy equipment manufacturers. However,manufacturers, an unusually large physical damage or product liability claim or a series of claims based on a failure repeated throughout our production process could exceed our insurance coverage or result in damage to our reputation.

We could be unable to procure adequate insurance on a cost-effective basis in the future.

The ability to insure our businesses, facilities and rail assets is an important aspect of our ability to manage risk. As there are only limited providers of this insurance to the railcar industry, there is no guarantee that such insurance will be available on a cost-effective basis in the future. In addition, due to recent extraordinary economic events that have significantly weakened many major insurance underwriters, we cannot assure that our insurance carriers will be able to pay current or future claims.

18The Greenbrier Companies 2010 Annual Report


Any failure by us to comply with regulations imposed by federal and foreign agencies could negatively affect our financial results.

Our manufacturing operations and the industry we serve, including our customers, are subject to extensive regulation by governmental, regulatory and industry authorities and by federal and foreign agencies. These organizations establish rules and regulations for the railcar industry, including construction specifications and standards for the design and manufacture of railcars; mechanical, maintenance and related standards; and railroad safety. New regulatory rulings and regulations from these entities could impact our financial results, demand for our products and the economic value of our assets. In addition, if we fail to comply with the requirements and regulations of these entities, we could face sanctions and penalties that could negatively affect our financial results.

Changes in accounting standards, including accounting for leases, or inaccurate estimates or assumptions in the application of accounting policies, could adversely affect our financial results.

Our productaccounting policies and repair service warranties could expose usmethods are fundamental to potentially significant claims.

We offerhow we record and report our customers limited warranties for manyfinancial condition and results of operations. Some of these policies require use of estimates and assumptions that may affect the reported value of our productsassets or liabilities and services. Accordingly, wefinancial results and are critical because they require management to

The Greenbrier Companies 2011 Annual Report17


make difficult, subjective, and complex judgments about matters that are inherently uncertain. Accounting standard setters and those who interpret the accounting standards (such as the Financial Accounting Standards Board, the SEC, and our independent registered public accounting firm) may amend or even reverse their previous interpretations or positions on how these standards should be subject to significant warranty claims in the future, such as multiple claims based on one defect repeated throughout our production or servicing process or claims for which the cost of repairing the defective part is highly disproportionate to the original cost of the part. These types of warranty claims could result in costly product recalls, customers seeking monetary damages, significant repair costs and damage to our reputation.

If warranty claims attributable to actions of third party component manufacturers are not recoverable from such parties due to their poor financial condition or other reasons,applied. In some cases, we could be liable for warranty claimsrequired to apply a new or revised standard retrospectively, resulting in the restatement of prior period financial statements. In addition, the SEC may soon decide that issuers in the U.S. should be required to prepare financial statements in accordance with International Financial Reporting Standards, a comprehensive set of accounting standards promulgated by the International Accounting Standards Board, instead of U.S. Generally Accepted Accounting Principles and other risks for using these materials oncurrent proposals could potentially require us to report under the new standards beginning as early as 2015 or 2016. Changes in accounting standards can be hard to predict and can materially impact how we record and report our products.
financial condition and results of operations.

From time to time we may take tax positions that the Internal Revenue Service may contest.

We have in the past and may in the future take tax positions that the Internal Revenue Service (IRS) may contest. Effective with fiscal year 2011, we are required by a new IRS regulation to disclose particular tax positions, taken after the effective date, to the IRS as part of our tax returns for that year and future years.

If the IRS successfully contests a tax position that we take, we may be required to pay additional taxes or fines that may adversely affect our results of operation and financial position.

Natural disasters or severe weather conditions could disrupt our business and result in loss of revenue or higher expenses.

Any serious disruption at any of our facilities due to hurricane, earthquake, flood, or any other natural disaster could impair our ability to use our facilities and have a material adverse impact on our revenues and increase our costs and expenses. If there is a natural disaster or other serious disruption at any of our facilities, particularly any of our Mexican facilities, it could impair our ability to adequately supply our customers, cause a significant disruption to our operations, cause us to incur significant costs to relocate or reestablish these functions and negatively impact our operating results. While we insure against certain business interruption risks, such insurance may not adequately compensate us for any losses incurred as a result of natural or other disasters.

Item 1b. UNRESOLVED STAFF COMMENTS
None.
Item 1b.UNRESOLVED STAFF COMMENTS

None.

18The Greenbrier Companies 20102011 Annual Report19 


Item 2.    PROPERTIES
Item 2.PROPERTIES

We operate at the following primary facilities as of OctoberAugust 31, 2010:

2011:

Description  Location  Status

DescriptionManufacturing Segment

  Location  Status
Manufacturing Segment

Railcar manufacturing:

  

Portland, Oregon

  

Owned

  
Railcar manufacturing:Portland, OregonOwned

2 locations in Sahagun, Mexico

  

Leased — 1 location

Owned — 1 location

  

Frontera, Mexico

  

Leased

  

Swidnica, Poland

  

Owned

Marine manufacturing:

  

Portland, Oregon

  

Owned

Wheel Services, Refurbishment & Parts Segment

Railcar repair:

  
Railcar repair:19

20 locations in the United States,
2 locationsU.S.,

1 location in Mexico and

1 location in Canada

  

Leased — 109 locations

Owned — 6 locations

Customer premises — 67 locations

Wheel reconditioning:

  

10 locations in the United StatesU.S. and

2 locations in Mexico

  

Leased — 7 locations

Owned — 5 locations

Parts fabrication and reconditioning:

  

4 locations in the United StatesU.S.

  

Leased — 2 locations

Owned — 2 locations

Administrative offices:

  

2 locations in the United StatesU.S.

  

Leased

Leasing & Services Segment    

Corporate offices, railcar marketing and leasing activities:

  

Lake Oswego, Oregon

  

Leased

We believe that our facilities are in good condition and that the facilities, together with anticipated capital improvements and additions, are adequate to meet our operating needs for the foreseeable future. We continually evaluate the need for expansion and upgrading of our Manufacturing and Wheel Services, Refurbishment & Parts facilities in order to remain competitive and to take advantage of market opportunities.

Item 3.    LEGAL PROCEEDINGS
From time to time, Greenbrier is involved as a defendant in litigation in the ordinary course of business, the outcome of which cannot be predicted with certainty. The most significant litigation is as follows:
Greenbrier’s customer, SEB Finans AB (SEB), has raised performance concerns related to a component that the Company installed on 372 railcar units with an aggregate sales value of approximately $20.0 million produced under a contract with SEB. On December 9, 2005, SEB filed a Statement of Claim in an arbitration proceeding in Stockholm, Sweden, against Greenbrier alleging that the cars were defective and could not be used for their intended purpose. A settlement agreement was entered into effective February 28, 2007 pursuant to which the railcar units previously delivered were to be repaired and the remaining units completed and delivered to SEB. Greenbrier is proceeding with repairs of the railcars in accordance with terms of the settlement agreement, though SEB has recently made additional warranty claims, including claims with respect to cars that have been repaired pursuant to the agreement. Greenbrier is evaluating SEB’s new warranty claim. Current estimates of potential costs of such repairs do not exceed amounts accrued.
When the Company acquired the assets of the Freight Wagon Division of DaimlerChrysler in January 2000, it acquired a contract to build 201 freight cars for Okombi GmbH, a subsidiary of Rail Cargo Austria AG. Subsequently, Okombi made breach of warranty and late delivery claims against the Company which grew out of design and certification problems. All of these issues were settled as of March 2004. Additional allegations have been made, the most serious of which involve cracks to the structure of the cars. Okombi has been required to
20Item 3.The Greenbrier Companies 2010 Annual ReportLEGAL PROCEEDINGS


remove all 201 freight cars from service, and a formal claim has been made againstThere is hereby incorporated by reference the Company. Legal, technical and commercial evaluations are on-goinginformation disclosed in Note 25 to determine what obligations the Company might have, if any, to remedy the alleged defects.
Management intends to vigorously defend its position in each of the open foregoing cases and believes that any ultimate liability resulting from the above litigation will not materially affect the Company’s Consolidated Financial Statements.
The Company is involved as a defendant in other litigation initiated in the ordinary courseStatements, Part II, Item 8 of business. While the ultimate outcome of such legal proceedings cannot be determined at this time, management believes that the resolution of these actions will not have a material adverse effect on the Company’s Consolidated Financial Statements.
Form 10-K.

Item 4.    REMOVED AND RESERVED
Item 4.
REMOVED AND RESERVED

The Greenbrier Companies 2011 Annual Report19


PART II

Item 5.MARKET FOR REGISTRANT’S COMMON EQUITY, RELATED STOCKHOLDER MATTERS AND ISSUER PURCHASES OF EQUITY SECURITIES

Our common stock has been traded on the New York Stock Exchange under the symbol GBX since July 14, 1994. There were approximately 489461 holders of record of common stock as of October 31, 2010.24, 2011. The following table shows the reported high and low sales prices of our common stock on the New York Stock Exchange for the fiscal periods indicated.

         
  High Low
 
2010
        
Fourth quarter $15.45  $9.10 
Third quarter $18.00  $9.23 
Second quarter $12.32  $7.42 
First quarter $14.05  $8.51 
2009
        
Fourth quarter $14.67  $5.40 
Third quarter $9.54  $1.86 
Second quarter $8.55  $3.76 
First quarter $22.45  $4.58 

    High   Low 

2011

    

Fourth quarter

  $26.16    $11.78  

Third quarter

  $30.38    $23.15  

Second quarter

  $26.48    $18.96  

First quarter

  $20.18    $11.72  

2010

    

Fourth quarter

  $15.45    $9.10  

Third quarter

  $18.00    $9.23  

Second quarter

  $12.32    $7.42  

First quarter

  $14.05    $8.51  

Quarterly dividends were suspended as of the third quarter 2009. A quarterly dividend of $.04 per share was declared during the second quarter of 2009. Quarterly dividends of $.08 per share were declared each quarter from the fourth quarter of 2005 through the first quarter of 2009. There is no assurance as to the payment of future dividends as they are dependent upon future earnings, capital requirements and our financial condition.

20The Greenbrier Companies 20102011 Annual Report21 


Performance Graph

The following graph demonstrates a comparison of cumulative total returns for the Company’s Common Stock, the Dow Jones US Industrial Transportation Index and the Standard & Poor’s (S&P) 500 Index. The graph assumes an investment of $100 on August 31, 20052006 in each of the Company’s Common Stock and the stocks comprising the indices. Each of the indices assumes that all dividends were reinvested and that the investment was maintained to and including August 31, 2010,2011, the end of the Company’s 20102011 fiscal year.

COMPARISON OF 5 YEAR CUMULATIVE TOTAL RETURN*
Among

The Greenbrier Companies, Inc., The S&P 500 Index
And The Dow Jones US Industrial Transportation Index

* $100 invested on 8/31/05comparisons in stockthis table are required by the SEC, and therefore, are not intended to forecast or index, including reinvestmentbe indicative of dividends. Fiscal year ending August 31.
Copyright© 2010 S&P, a divisionpossible future performance of The McGraw-Hill Companies Inc. All rights reserved.our Common Stock.

Equity Compensation Plan Information

Copyright© 2010 Dow Jones & Co. All rights reserved.

Equity Compensation Plan Information is hereby incorporated by reference to the “Equity Compensation Plan Information” table in Registrant’s definitive Proxy Statement to be filed pursuant to Regulation 14A, which Proxy Statement is anticipated to be filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission within 120 days after the end of the Registrant’s year ended August 31, 2010.

2011.

22The Greenbrier Companies 20102011 Annual Report21


Item 6.SELECTED FINANCIAL DATA(1)
                     
YEARS ENDED AUGUST 31,
 
(In thousands, except per share data) 2010  2009  2008  2007  2006 
Statement of Operations Data
                    
Revenue:                    
Manufacturing $295,566  $462,496  $665,093  $738,424  $748,818 
Wheel Services, Refurbishment & Parts  390,061   476,164   527,466   381,670   102,471 
Leasing & Services  78,823   79,465   97,520   103,734   102,534 
 
  $764,450  $1,018,125  $1,290,079  $1,223,828  $953,823 
 
Earnings (loss) from continuing operations $4,277  $(56,391) $17,383  $20,007  $38,976 
Earnings from discontinued operations              62(3)
 
Net earnings (loss) attributable to Greenbrier $4,277(2) $(56,391)(2) $17,383(2) $20,007(2) $39,038 
 
Basic earnings (loss) per common share attributable to Greenbrier:                    
Continuing operations $0.23  $(3.35) $1.06  $1.25  $2.48 
Net earnings (loss) $0.23  $(3.35) $1.06  $1.25  $2.48 
Diluted earnings (loss) per common share attributable to Greenbrier:                    
Continuing operations $0.21  $(3.35) $1.06  $1.24  $2.45 
Net earnings (loss) $0.21  $(3.35) $1.06  $1.24  $2.45 
Weighted average common shares outstanding:                    
Basic  18,585   16,815   16,395   16,056   15,751 
Diluted  20,213   16,815   16,417   16,094   15,937 
Cash dividends paid per share $.00  $.12  $.32  $.32  $.32 
Balance Sheet Data
                    
Total assets $1,072,888  $1,048,291  $1,256,960  $1,072,749  $877,314 
Revolving notes and notes payable $501,330  $541,190  $580,954  $476,071  $357,040 
Total equity $297,407  $232,450  $281,838  $263,588  $236,136 
Other Operating Data
                    
New railcar units delivered  2,500   3,700   7,300   8,600   11,400 
New railcar units backlog  5,300   13,400(4)  16,200(4)  12,100(4)  14,700(4)
Lease fleet:                    
Units managed  225,223   217,403   137,697   136,558   135,320 
Units owned  8,156   8,713   8,631   8,663   9,311 
Cash Flow Data
                    
Capital expenditures:                    
Manufacturing $8,715  $9,109  $24,113  $20,361  $15,121 
Wheel Services, Refurbishment & Parts  12,215   6,599   7,651   5,009   2,906 
Leasing & Services  18,059   23,139   45,880   111,924   122,542 
 
  $38,989  $38,847  $77,644  $137,294  $140,569 
 
Proceeds from sale of equipment $22,978  $15,555  $14,598  $119,695  $28,863 
 
Depreciation and amortization:                    
Manufacturing $11,061  $11,471  $11,267  $10,762  $10,258 
Wheel Services, Refurbishment & Parts  11,435   11,885   10,338   9,042   2,360 
Leasing & Services  15,015   14,313   13,481   13,022   12,635 
 
  $37,511  $37,669  $35,086  $32,826  $25,253 
 

YEARS ENDED AUGUST 31,

(In thousands, except per share data) 2011  2010  2009  2008  2007 

Statement of Operations Data

     

Revenue:

     

Manufacturing

 $721,102   $295,566   $462,496   $665,093   $738,424  

Wheel Services, Refurbishment & Parts

  452,865    388,434    475,397    527,466    381,670  

Leasing & Services

  69,323    72,280    78,298    89,510    90,334  

 

 
 $1,243,290   $756,280(1)  $1,016,191(1)  $1,282,069(1)  $1,210,428(1) 

 

 

Earnings (loss) from operations

 $67,574   $52,107   $(28,303)   $74,808   $74,120  

 

 

Net earnings (loss) attributable to Greenbrier

 $6,466(3)  $4,277(2)(3)  $(56,391)(2)(3)  $17,383(2)  $20,007(2)(3) 

 

 

Basic earnings (loss) per common share attributable to Greenbrier:

 $0.27   $0.23   $(3.35 $1.06   $1.25  

Diluted earnings (loss) per common share attributable to Greenbrier:

 $0.24   $0.21   $(3.35 $1.06   $1.24  

Weighted average common shares outstanding:

     

Basic

  24,100    18,585    16,815    16,395    16,056  

Diluted

  26,501    20,213    16,815    16,417    16,094  

Cash dividends paid per share

 $.00   $.00   $.12   $.32   $.32  

Balance Sheet Data

     

Total assets

 $1,301,655   $1,072,888   $1,048,291   $1,256,960   $1,072,749  

Revolving notes and notes payable

 $519,479   $501,330   $541,190   $580,954   $476,071  

Total equity

 $375,901   $297,407   $232,450   $281,838   $263,588  

Other Operating Data

     

New railcar units delivered

  9,400    2,500    3,700    7,300    8,600  

New railcar units backlog

  15,400    5,300    13,400(4)   16,200(4)   12,100(4) 

Lease fleet:

     

Units managed

  215,843    225,223    217,403    137,697    136,558  

Units owned

  8,684    8,156    8,713    8,631    8,663  

Cash Flow Data

     

Capital expenditures:

     

Manufacturing

 $20,016   $8,715   $9,109   $24,113   $20,361  

Wheel Services, Refurbishment & Parts

  20,087    12,215    6,599    7,651    5,009  

Leasing & Services

  44,199    18,059    23,139    45,880    111,924  

 

 
 $84,302   $38,989   $38,847   $77,644   $137,294  

 

 

Proceeds from sale of equipment

 $18,730   $22,978   $15,555   $14,598   $119,695  

 

 

Depreciation and amortization:

     

Manufacturing

 $9,853   $11,061   $11,471   $11,267   $10,762  

Wheel Services, Refurbishment & Parts

  11,853    11,435    11,885    10,338    9,042  

Leasing & Services

  16,587    15,015    14,313    13,481    13,022  

 

 
 $38,293   $37,511   $37,669   $35,086   $32,826  

 

 

(1) All years retrospectively adjusted

Historically, the Company has reported Gain on disposition of leased equipment as a net amount in Revenue. The Company has changed its financial statement presentation to now report these amounts as a separate line item captioned “Gain on disposition of equipment”, which is a component of operating income below margin. This change in presentation resulted in a decrease in Revenue and corresponding increase in Gain on disposition of equipment of $8.2 million, $1.9 million, $8.0 million and $13.4 million for the effects of Accounting Standards Codification (ASC) 470 — 20Debt — Debt with Conversion2010, 2009, 2008 and Other Options. See Note 22007. Such change in the Consolidated Financial Statements.presentation did not result in any change to Net earnings (loss) attributable to Greenbrier.

(2) 

2010 includes income of $11.9 million net of tax for a special item related to the release of the liability associated with the 2008 de-consolidation of our former Canadian subsidiary. 2009 includes special charges net of taxgoodwill impairment of $51.0 million, in goodwill impairment.net of tax. 2008 includes special charges net of tax of $2.3 million related to the closure of our Canadian subsidiary. 2007 includes special charges net of tax of $13.7 million related to the impairment and closure of our Canadian subsidiary.

(3) Consists

2011 includes a loss on extinguishment of a reduction in loss contingencydebt of $9.4 million net of tax for the write-off of unamortized debt issuance costs, prepayment premiums, debt discount and other costs associated with the settlementrepayment of litigation relatingsenior unsecured notes and certain term loans. 2010 includes a gain on extinguishment of debt of $1.3 million net of tax for the gain associated with the early retirement of a portion of the convertible senior notes, partially offset by the write-off of loan fees and debt discount. 2009 includes a loss on extinguishment of debt of $0.8 million net of tax for the interest rate swap breakage fees associated with the voluntary prepayment of certain term loans and the acceleration of loan fees associated with the reduction in size of the North American credit facility. 2007 includes a loss on extinguishment of debt of $0.7 million net of tax due to the logistics business that was discontinued in 1998.write-off of loan origination costs on the North American revolving credit facility due to entering into a new credit facility.

(4) 

2009, 2008 and 2007 and 2006 backlog includeincludes 8,500 units, 8,500 units 3,500 units and 7,2503,500 units subject to fulfillment of certain competitive and contractual conditions. 20062007 through 2009 backlog all include 400 units subject to certain cancellation provisions.

22The Greenbrier Companies 20102011 Annual Report23 


Item 7.MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS

Executive Summary

We currently operate in three primary business segments: Manufacturing; Wheel Services, Refurbishment & PartsParts; and Leasing & Services. These three business segments are operationally integrated. The Manufacturing segment, operating from four facilities in the United States (U.S.), Mexico and Poland, produces double-stack intermodal railcars, conventional railcars, tank cars and marine vessels. The Wheel Services, Refurbishment & Parts segment performs railcar repair, refurbishment and maintenance activities in the United StatesU.S., Mexico and MexicoCanada as well as wheel, axle and bearing servicing, and production and reconditioning of a variety of parts for the railroad industry. The Leasing & Services segment owns approximately 8,0009,000 railcars and provides management services for approximately 225,000216,000 railcars for railroads, shippers, carriers, institutional investors and other leasing and transportation companies in North America. Management evaluates segment performance based on margins. We also produce rail castings through an unconsolidated joint venture.

The rail and marine industries are cyclical in nature. We are startingcontinuing to see signs of a recovery in the freight car markets in which we operate. Demand for our marine barge products remains soft. Customer orders may be subject to cancellations and contain terms and conditions customary in the industry. Until recently,Historically, little variation has been experienced between the quantity ordered and the quantity actually delivered. Economic conditions have caused some customers to seek to renegotiate, delay or cancel orders. Our railcar and marine backlogs are not necessarily indicative of future results of operations.

In December 2009 we modified our long-term new railcar contract with General Electric Railcar Services Corporation (GE). Under the terms of the modified contract, we will deliver up to 6,000 railcars with the first 3,800 tank cars and hopper cars expected to be built by July 2013. The purchase price is subject to adjustments for changes in the material costs. The remaining 2,200 tank and hopper cars are subject to fulfillment of certain contractual conditions by both parties in their sole discretion and would occur over the five-year period following the completion of the 3,800 units. In addition, we have retained the right of first refusal, subject to certain qualifications, to manufacture all new railcar builds for GE through December 2018. We have agreed to share in an equitable manner with Greenbrier-GIMSA LLC, of which we own 50%, the benefits (net of any expenses) received from GE as a result of the amended agreement.

Multi-year supply agreements are a part of rail industry practice. Our total manufacturing backlog of railcars as of August 31, 20102011 was approximately 15,400 units with an estimated value of $1.23 billion compared to 5,300 units with an estimated value of $420 million compared to 13,400 units valued at $1.16 billion as of August 31, 2009. The August 31, 2010 backlog did not include approximately 300 units valued at $20 million scheduled for production in 2011. These 300 units are contractually committed to third party lessees and are expected to be placed into our lease fleet.2010. Based on current production plans, approximately 4,10014,500 units in the August 31, 20102011 backlog are scheduled for delivery in fiscal year 2011.2012. The balance of the production is scheduled for delivery through fiscal year 2013. The August 31, 2010 backlog does not include the contingent production of 2,200 units for GE. A portion of the orders included in backlog reflects an assumed product mix. Under terms of the orders, the exact mix will be determined in the future which may impact the dollar amount of backlog. Subsequent

We currently have no marine backlog compared to year end we received new railcar orders for 3,200 units with an aggregate value of approximately $200 million. These units are scheduled for delivery in fiscal year 2011.

Marine backlog was approximately $10 million as of August 31, 2010 with production scheduled through fiscal year 2011. During the quarter ended August 31, 2010, we removed approximately $60 million of marine vessels from backlog, due to the current likelihood that these vessels will not be produced and sold as2010. As a result of current economic conditions. Marine backlog was approximately $126 millionsoftness in the marine market, we continue to shift marine workers to support new railcar production.

The recent global strengthening of freight car markets may at times limit the availability of certain components of our products that we source from external suppliers, particularly specialized components such as of August 31, 2009.

castings, bolsters and trucks, and this may cause an interruption in production. Prices for steel, a primary component of railcars and barges, and related surcharges have fluctuated significantly and remain volatile. In addition, the price of certain railcar components, which are a product of steel, are affected by steel price fluctuations. New railcar and marine backlog generally either includes fixed price contracts which anticipate material price increases and surcharges, or contracts that contain actual or formulaic pass through of material price increases and surcharges. We are aggressively working to mitigate these exposures. The Company’s integrated business model has helped offset some of the effects of fluctuating steel and scrap steel prices, as a
24The Greenbrier Companies 2010 Annual Report


portion of our business segments benefit from rising steel scrap prices while other segments benefit from lower steel and scrap steel prices through enhanced margins.

On June 30, 2011, we entered into a five-year $245 million revolving line of credit, maturing June 30, 2016. On November 2, 2011 the revolving line of credit was increased by $15 million to a total of $260 million under the existing provisions of the credit agreement. The Amended Credit Facility is secured by substantially all of the assets of Greenbrier and its material U.S. subsidiaries, excluding the stock and assets of certain foreign subsidiaries and assets pledged as security for existing term loans. This new facility replaces a $100 million revolving line of credit that would have matured in November 2011. In connection with the entry into this facility, on June 30, 2011 we repaid all obligations outstanding under the term loan due June 2012, among us, and affiliates of WL Ross & Co. LLC (the WLR Term Loan). Immediately prior to its repayment and termination, there were outstanding borrowings of $71.8 million under the WLR Term Loan. There was a one-time charge recorded in Loss on extinguishment of debt in association with the early repayment of the WLR

The Greenbrier Companies 2011 Annual Report23


Term Loan of $5.6 million for the write-off of unamortized debt acquisition costs and the debt discount. The line of credit is available to provide working capital and interim financing of equipment, principally for the U.S. and Mexican operations. Advances under this revolving credit facility bear interest at variable rates that depend on the type of borrowing and the defined ratio of debt to total capitalization. The new facility contains customary representations, warranties, and covenants, including specified restrictions on indebtedness, dispositions, restricted payments, transactions with affiliates, liens, fundamental changes, sale and leaseback transactions and other restrictions.

On March 30, 2011, we entered into a purchase agreement (the Purchase Agreement) with Merrill Lynch, Pierce, Fenner & Smith, Incorporated and Goldman, Sachs & Co. (the Initial Purchasers). Pursuant to the Purchase Agreement, we sold to the Initial Purchasers $230 million aggregate principal amount of our 3.5% Senior Convertible Notes due 2018 (the Convertible Notes), which included $15 million principal amount of Convertible Notes subject to the over-allotment option granted to the Initial Purchasers. The over-allotment option was exercised in full and the sale of $230 million aggregate principal amount of the Convertible Notes closed on April 5, 2011. In connection with the closing, on April 5, 2011, we entered into the indenture (the Convertible Notes Indenture) governing the Convertible Notes. The Convertible Notes Indenture contains terms, conditions and events of default customary for transactions of this nature.

The Convertible Notes bear interest at an annual rate of 3.5%, payable in cash semiannually in arrears on April 1 and October 1 of each year, beginning on October 1, 2011. The Convertible Notes will mature on April 1, 2018, unless earlier repurchased by us or converted in accordance with their terms prior to such date. The Convertible Notes are senior unsecured obligations and rank equally with our other senior unsecured debt. The Convertible Notes are convertible into shares of our common stock at an initial conversion rate of 26.2838 shares per $1,000 principal amount of the Convertible Notes, which is equivalent to an initial conversion price of approximately $38.05 per share. The initial conversion rate and conversion price are subject to adjustment upon the occurrence of certain events, such as distributions, dividends or stock splits.

The net proceeds from the sale of the Convertible Notes, together with additional cash on hand, were used to repurchase any and all of our outstanding $235 million aggregate principal amount of 8 3/8% senior notes due 2015 (the 2015 Notes). There was a one-time charge recorded in Loss on extinguishment of debt in association with the early retirement of the 2015 Notes of $10.1 million for the write-off of unamortized debt acquisition costs, prepayment premiums and other costs.

In April 2010, we filed a registration statement onForm S-3 with the SEC, using a “shelf” registration process. The registration statement was declared effective on April 14, 2010 and pursuant to the prospectus filed as part of the registration statement, we may sell from time to time any combination of securities in one or more offerings up to an aggregate amount of $300.0 million. The securities described in the prospectus include common stock, preferred stock, debt securities, guarantees, rights, and units. We may also offer common stock or preferred stock upon conversion of debt securities, common stock upon conversion of preferred stock, or common stock, preferred stock or debt securities upon the exercise of warrants or rights. Each time we sell securities under the “shelf,” we will provide a prospectus supplement that will contain specific information about the terms of the securities being offered and of the offering. Proceeds from the sale of these securities may be used for general corporate purposes including, among other things, working capital, financings, possible acquisitions, the repayment of obligations that have matured, and reducing or refinancing indebtedness that may be outstanding at the time of any offering.

On In May 12, 2010, we issued 4,000,0004,500,000 shares of our common stock under the “shelf” registration statement at a price of $12.50 per share, less underwriting commissions, discounts and expenses. On May 19, 2010, an additional 500,000 shares were issued under the “shelf” registration statement pursuant to the30-day over-allotment option exercised by the underwriters. Management has broad discretion to allocate theresulting in net proceeds of $52.7 million from the offering for such purposes as working capital, capital expenditures, repayment or repurchase of a portionmillion. In December 2010, we issued 3,000,000 shares of our indebtedness or acquisitionscommon stock resulting in net proceeds of or investment in, complementary businesses and products.
On March 13, 2008,$62.8 million.

In December 2010, we agreed with our then subsidiary TrentonWorks Ltd. (TrentonWorks) filed for bankruptcyjoint venture partner to modify, with retroactive effect to September 1, 2010, various agreements concerning the OfficeGreenbrier-GIMSA LLC (GIMSA) joint venture. We agreed to increase revenue based fees to each of the Superintendent of Bankruptcy Canada wherebypartners for services provided to GIMSA, and to extend the assets of TrentonWorks were administered and liquidated by an appointed trustee. In the fourth quarter of fiscal 2010, the bankruptcy was resolved upon liquidation of substantially all remaining assets of TrentonWorks by the bankruptcy trustee. The resolutioninitial term of the bankruptcyjoint venture to 2019 (after which the agreement is automatically renewed for successive three year terms unless a party elects not to renew). We also agreed to forego our option to increase our ownership percentage of GIMSA from fifty percent to sixty-six & two thirds percent, and associated release of obligations resulted in the recognition of $11.9 million in income in 2010, consisting of the reversal of the $15.3 million liability, net of a $3.4 million other comprehensive loss. This income was recorded in Special items on the Consolidated Statement of Operations.

In April 2010, WLR — Greenbrier Rail Inc. (WLR-GBX) was formed and acquired a lease fleet of nearly 4,000 railcars valued at approximately $230.0 million. WLR-GBX is wholly owned by affiliates of WL Ross & Co., LLC. We paid a $6.1 million contract placement feeGIMSA agreed to WLR-GBX forforego the right to perform certain management and advisory services andshare, in exchange will receive management and other fee income and incentive compensation tied toan equitable manner, the performance of WLR-GBX. The contract placement fee is accounted for under the equity method and is recorded in Intangibles and other assets on the Consolidated Balance Sheet.
A $3.2 million gain on extinguishment of debt was recorded on the early retirement of $32.3 million of convertible senior notes in fiscal 2010. This gain was partially offset by $0.5 million for the proportionate write-off of associated loan fees.
We delivered 500 railcar units during fiscal year 2009 for which we have an obligation to guarantee the purchaser minimum earnings. The obligation expires December 31, 2011. The maximum potential obligation totals $13.1 million and in certain defined instances the obligation may be reduced due to early termination. The purchaser has agreed to utilize the railcars on a preferential basis, and we are entitled to re-market the railcar units when they are not being utilized by the purchaser during the obligation period. Any earnings generatednet benefits received from the railcar units will offset the obligation and be recognized as revenue and margin in future periods. As a result of re-marketing the railcars, we recorded revenue of $2.8 million for the year ended August 31, 2010. Upon deliverymodification of the long-term new railcar units, the entire purchase price was recorded as revenue and paid in full. The minimum earnings due to the purchaser are considered a reduction of revenue and were recorded as deferred revenue. As of August 31, 2010, $9.1 million of the potential obligation remained in deferred revenue.
contract with General Electric Railcar Services Corporation.

24The Greenbrier Companies 20102011 Annual Report25 


Results of Operations

Overview

Total revenue was $1.2 billion, $0.8 billion $1.0 billion and $1.3$1.0 billion for the years ended August 31, 2011, 2010 2009 and 2008.2009. Net earnings attributable to Greenbrier for the year ended August 31, 2011 were $6.5 million or $0.24 per diluted common share which included $9.4 million in loss on extinguishment of debt, net of tax or $0.35 per diluted common share. Net earnings attributable to Greenbrier for the year ended August 31, 2010 were $4.3 million or $0.21 per diluted common share which included income of $11.9$13.1 million in special items and gain on extinguishment of debt, net of tax or $0.59$0.65 per diluted common share. Net loss attributable to Greenbrier for the year ended August 31, 2009 was $56.4 million or $3.35 per diluted common share which included $51.0goodwill impairment and loss on extinguishment of debt aggregating $51.8 million, of special charges net of tax or $3.03$3.08 per diluted common share. Net earnings attributable to

(In thousands)  2011  2010  2009 

Revenue:

    

Manufacturing

  $721,102   $295,566   $462,496  

Wheel Services, Refurbishment & Parts

   452,865    388,434    475,397  

Leasing & Services

   69,323    72,280    78,298  

 

 
   1,243,290    756,280    1,016,191  

Margin:

    

Manufacturing

  $59,975   $27,171   $3,763  

Wheel Services, Refurbishment & Parts

   47,416    43,912    55,103  

Leasing & Services

   32,140    30,915    32,307  

 

 

Segment margin total

   139,531    101,998    91,173  

Less unallocated items:

    

Selling and administrative

   80,326    69,931    65,743  

Gain on disposition of equipment

   (8,369  (8,170  (1,934

Goodwill impairment

           55,667  

Special items

       (11,870    

Interest and foreign exchange

   36,992    45,204    44,612  

Loss (gain) on extinguishment of debt

   15,657    (2,070  1,300  

 

 

Earnings (loss) before income tax and loss from unconsolidated affiliates

  $14,925   $8,973   $(74,215

 

 

Greenbrier operates in three reportable segments: Manufacturing; Wheel Services, Refurbishment & Parts; and Leasing & Services. The accounting policies of the segments are the same as those described in the summary of significant accounting policies. Performance is evaluated based on margin. The Company’s integrated business model results in selling and administrative costs being intertwined among the segments. Any allocation of these costs would be subjective and not meaningful and as a result, Greenbrier’s management does not allocate these costs for the year ended August 31, 2008 were $17.4 millioneither external or $1.06 per diluted common share which included $2.3 million of special charges net of tax or $.14 per diluted common share.

internal reporting purposes.

Manufacturing Segment

Manufacturing revenue includes new railcar and marine production. New railcar delivery and backlog information disclosed hereindiscussed below includes all facilities.

Manufacturing revenue was $721.1 million, $295.6 million $462.5 million and $665.1$462.5 million for the years ended August 31, 2011, 2010 2009 and 2008.2009. Railcar deliveries, which are the primary source of manufacturing revenue, were approximately9,400 units in 2011 compared to 2,500 units in 2010 compared toand 3,700 units in 20092009. Manufacturing revenue increased $425.5 million, or 144.0%, in 2011 compared to 2010 primarily due to higher railcar deliveries partially offset by a decline in marine barge activity and 7,300 unitsa change in 2008.railcar product mix with lower per unit sales prices. Manufacturing revenue decreased $166.9 million, or 36.1%, fromin 2010 compared to 2009 to 2010 primarily due to a decline in marine barge production, lower railcar deliveries and a change in railcar product mix with lower per unit sales prices. 2009 revenue was reduced by an $11.6 million obligation of guaranteed minimum earnings under a certain contract.

The Greenbrier Companies 2011 Annual Report25


Manufacturing margin as a percentage of revenue decreased $202.6 million, or 30.0%, from 2008 to 2009 primarily due to lower railcar deliverieswas 8.3% in 2011, 9.2% in 2010 and the $11.6 million obligation of guaranteed minimum earnings under a certain contract.0.8% in 2009. The decrease in the current period was somewhatprimarily the result of a less favorable product mix and learning curve costs associated with start-up of railcar production lines, partially offset by a change in product mix withoperating at higher per unit sales prices and higher marine revenues.

production rates. Manufacturing margin as a percentage of revenue was 9.2% in 2010 compared to 0.8% in 2009. The increase was primarily the result of a more favorable product mix and improved production efficiencies at our Mexican joint venture. The current year2010 was positively impacted by the re-marketing of railcars that were subject to guaranteed minimum earnings under a certain contract in the prior year. Manufacturing2009 margin as a percentage of revenue was 0.8% in 2009 compared to 1.7% in 2008. The decrease was primarily the result of thereduced by an $11.6 million obligation of guaranteed minimum earnings under a certain contract, higher material costs and scrap surcharge expense, severance expense of $2.4 million and less absorption of overhead due to lower production levels and plant utilization. These were partially offset by improved marine margins as a result of labor efficiencies and a continuous run of similar barge types.
contract.

Wheel Services, Refurbishment & Parts Segment

Wheel Services, Refurbishment & Parts revenue was $390.1$452.9 million, $476.2$388.4 million and $527.5$475.4 million for the years ended August 31, 2011, 2010 2009 and 2008.2009. The $86.1$64.5 million increase in revenue from 2010 to 2011 was primarily the result of higher sales volumes in wheels and repair and metal scrapping programs that were in effect for only a portion of the prior comparable year. The $87.0 million decrease in revenue from 2009 to 2010 was primarily due to lower sales volumes of wheels and reduced volumes of railcar repair and refurbishment work. This was offset slightly by improvement in the price for scrap metal. The $51.3 million decrease in revenue from 2008 to 2009 was primarily due to lower wheel and parts volumes, reduced volumes of railcar repair and refurbishment work, a sharp decrease in scrap metal pricing and lower wheelset pricing.

Wheel Services, Refurbishment & Parts margin as a percentage of revenue was 11.7%10.5% for both2011, 11.3% for 2010 and 2009, and 19.2%11.6% for 2008.2009. The decrease in fiscalthe current period was primarily the result of a change in product mix which generates higher revenues with no corresponding increase in margin dollars, an increasingly competitive market place and higher freight costs. These decreases were partially offset by higher scrap metal prices, improved efficiencies for repair due to higher activity levels and metal scrapping programs that were in effect for only a portion of the prior year. The decrease in 2010 compared to 2009 margins was primarily due to lower net scrap pricing and less favorable mix of repair and refurbishment work.

work partially offset by higher scrap metal prices.

Leasing & Services Segment

Leasing & Services revenue was $78.8$69.3 million, $79.5$72.3 million and $97.5$78.3 million for the years ended August 31, 2011, 2010 2009 and 2008.2009. The $0.7$3.0 million decrease in revenue in 2011 compared to 2010 was primarily the result of discontinuation of a certain management services contract which was partially offset by higher rents earned on leased railcars for syndication and improved lease rates and increased utilization. The $6.0 million decrease in revenue from 20092010 compared to 20102009 was primarily the result of lower rent generated from the lease fleet principally offset by higher gains on sale of assets from the lease fleet. The $18.0 million decrease in revenue from 2008due to 2009 was primarily the result of a $6.8 million decrease in gains on

26The Greenbrier Companies 2010 Annual Report


disposition of assets from the lease fleet, lower lease fleet utilization, downward pressures on lease renewal rates lower earnings on certain car hire utilization leases and lower maintenance revenues.
During 2010, we realized $6.5 million in gains on sale for the disposition of leased equipment compared to $1.2 million in 2009 and $8.0 million in 2008. Assets from our lease fleet are periodically sold in the normal course of business in order to take advantage of market conditions, manage risk and maintain liquidity.
utilization.

Leasing & Services margin as a percentage of revenue was 47.5%46.4% in 2011 compared to 42.8% in 2010 compared to 42.2%and 41.3% in 2009 and 51.0% in 2008.2009. The increase in 2011 compared to 2010 was primarily the result of increased gainsrents earned on sale of assets fromleased railcars for syndication, improved margins due to higher lease rates and increased lease fleet utilization and lower operating costs on railcars in the lease fleet which has no associated cost of revenue.fleet. The decrease from 2008increase in 2010 compared to 2009 was primarily the result of decreases in gains on disposition of assets from the fleet, which have no associated cost of revenue, lowerincreased lease fleet utilization downward pressure on lease renewal rates and improved margins from management services mainly due to lower earnings on certain car hire utilization leases.

maintenance expense.

The percentage of owned units on lease as of August 31, 20102011 was 94.4%95.7% compared to 94.4% at August 31, 2010 and 88.3% at August 31, 2009.

Other costsSelling and Administrative

Selling and administrative expense was $80.3 million, or 6.5% of revenue, $69.9 million, or 9.2% of revenue, and $65.7 million, and $85.1 millionor 6.5% of revenue, for the years ended August 31, 2011, 2010 2009 and 2008.2009. The $10.4 million increase in 2011 compared to 2010 is primarily due to increased employee related costs including restoration of salary reductions taken during the down turn and increases in incentive compensation, increased consulting expense, higher depreciation expense associated with our on-going ERP implementation and increased revenue based administrative fees paid to our joint venture partner in Mexico. The $4.2 million increase from 2009 to 2010 is primarily due to higher depreciation expense associated with our on-going ERP improvement projects, higher consulting and travel expenses and increased costs at our Mexican joint venture due to higher activity levels. These were partially offset by lower employee costs. The $19.4

26The Greenbrier Companies 2011 Annual Report


Gain on Disposition of Equipment

Gain on disposition of equipment was $8.4 million, decrease from 2008 to 2009 is primarily due to lower employee related costs, including cost reduction efforts and reversal of $2.3 million of certain accruals. The decrease was partially offset by severance costs of $1.3 million related to reductions in work force.

Interest and foreign exchange expense was $43.1$8.2 million and $45.9$1.9 million for the years ended August 31, 2011, 2010 and 2009.
             
  Years Ended August 31,  Increase
 
(In thousands) 2010  2009  (Decrease) 
Interest and foreign exchange:            
Interest and other expense $36,214  $35,669  $545 
Accretion of term loan debt discount  4,377   1,117   3,260 
Accretion of convertible debt discount  3,771   3,831   (60)
Gain on debt extinguishment  (3,218)     (3,218)
Write-off of fees and debt discount on debt prepayment  1,148   1,300   (152)
Foreign exchange loss  842   3,995   (3,153)
 
  $43,134  $45,912  $(2,778)
 
The increase in term loan debt discount accretion, associated withcurrent year included a $5.1 million gain that was realized on the term loan issued in Junedisposition of leased assets and a gain of $3.3 million of insurance proceeds related to the January 2009 fire at one of our Wheel Services, Refurbishment & Parts facilities. The year ended August 31, 2010 included a $6.5 million gain that was duerealized on the disposition of leased assets and a gain of $1.7 million of insurance proceeds related to a fullthe January 2009 fire. The year of accretion in 2010 compared to only a partial year in 2009.
The Greenbrier Companies 2010 Annual Report27 


Interest and foreign exchange expense was $45.9 million and $44.3 million for the years ended August 31, 2009 included a $1.2 million gain that was realized on the disposition of leased assets and 2008.
             
  Years Ended August 31,  Increase
 
(In thousands) 2009  2008  (Decrease) 
Interest and foreign exchange:            
Interest and other expense $35,669  $38,612  $(2,943)
Accretion of term loan debt discount  1,117      1,117 
Accretion of convertible debt discount  3,831   3,550   281 
Write-off of fees and debt discount on debt prepayment  1,300      1,300 
Foreign exchange loss  3,995   2,158   1,837 
 
  $45,912  $44,320  $1,592 
 
Interesta gain of $0.7 million of insurance proceeds related to the January 2009 fire. Assets from Greenbrier’s lease fleet are periodically sold in the normal course of business in order to take advantage of market conditions, manage risk and other expense decreased primarily due to favorable interest rates on our variable rate debt and lower debt levels. The debt discount accretion expense was $1.1maintain liquidity.

Goodwill Impairment

Charges of $55.7 million were recorded in May 2009 associated with the term loan issuedimpairment of goodwill. These charges consist of $1.3 million in June 2009.

the Manufacturing segment, $3.1 million in the Leasing & Services segment and $51.3 million in the Wheel Services, Refurbishment & Parts segment.

Special Items

In April 2007, the Company’sour board of directors approved the permanent closure of the Company’sour then Canadian railcar manufacturing subsidiary, TrentonWorks. As a result of the facility closure decision charges of $2.3 million were recorded as special items during 2008.TrentonWorks Ltd (Trenton Works). In March 2008, TrentonWorks filed for bankruptcy. In the fourth quarter of 2010, the bankruptcy was resolved upon liquidation of substantially all remaining assets. The resolution of the bankruptcy resulted in income of $11.9 million which was recorded in Special items.

Charges

Other Costs

Interest and foreign exchange expense was $37.0 million and $45.2 million for the years ended August 31, 2011 and 2010.

   Years ended August 31,   

Increase

(Decrease)

 
(In thousands)  2011   2010   

Interest and foreign exchange:

      

Interest and other expense

  $30,155    $36,214    $(6,059

Accretion of term loan debt discount

   3,564     4,377     (813

Accretion of discount on convertible debt due 2026

   3,021     3,771     (750

Foreign exchange loss

   252     842     (590

 

 
  $36,992    $45,204    $(8,212

 

 

Interest and other expense decreased due to lower average debt levels and lower interest rates. During the third quarter, we repaid $235.0 million of $55.7senior unsecured loans at 8 3/8% and replaced it with $230.0 million were recordedof convertible debt at 3.5%. The decrease in the accretion of term loan debt discount was due to Special itemsthe June 2011 early repayment of $71.8 million of term debt. The decrease in May 2009the accretion of the convertible debt discount was due to the proportionate write-off of the debt discount in the previous year associated with the impairmentpartial retirement of goodwill. These charges consistthe convertible senior notes.

The Greenbrier Companies 2011 Annual Report27


Interest and foreign exchange expense was $45.2 million and $44.6 million for the years ended August 31, 2010 and 2009.

   Years ended August 31,   

Increase

(decrease)

 
(In thousands)  2010   2009   

Interest and foreign exchange:

      

Interest and other expense

  $36,214    $35,669    $545  

Accretion of term loan debt discount

   4,377     1,117     3,260  

Accretion of discount on convertible debt due 2026

   3,771     3,831     (60

Foreign exchange loss

   842     3,995     (3,153

 

 
  $45,204    $44,612    $592  

 

 

The increase in term loan debt discount accretion, associated with the term loan issued in June 2009, was due to a full year of accretion in 2010 compared to only a partial year in 2009.

Loss (gain) on extinguishment of debt was a loss of $15.7 million, a gain of $2.1 million and a loss of $1.3 million relatedfor the years ended August 31, 2011, 2010 and 2009. The current period includes a $10.1 million loss on extinguishment of debt associated with the write-off of unamortized debt issuance costs of $2.9 million and prepayment premiums and other costs of $7.2 million due to the Manufacturing segment, $3.1full retirement of the $235.0 million relatedsenior unsecured notes. In addition, we recorded a loss on extinguishment of debt of $5.6 million consisting of the write-off of unamortized loan fees of $1.7 million and debt discount of $3.9 million due to the Leasing & Services segmentfull retirement of the $71.8 million in term debt. The year ended August 31, 2010 included a $3.2 million gain associated with the early retirement of $32.3 million of convertible senior notes (due 2026), which was offset by $1.1 million for the proportionate write-off of loan fees and $51.3debt discount due to early repayments on the convertible note and certain term loans. The year ended August 31, 2009 included $0.9 million relatedacceleration of loan fee amortization associated with the reduction in size of the North American revolving credit facility and $0.4 million to break interest rate swaps associated with the voluntary prepayment of approximately $6.1 million of certain term debt.

Income Tax

In 2011 we recorded tax expense of $3.6 million on $14.9 million of earnings with an effective tax rate of 23.9%. The fluctuation from the statutory tax rate was due to the Wheel Services, Refurbishment & Parts segment.

Income Tax
geographical mix of pre-tax earnings and losses, minimum tax requirements in certain local jurisdictions and operating results for certain operations with no related tax effect. In addition, an income tax liability was not recorded on the noncontrolling interest earnings of $1.9 million from a consolidated subsidiary that is a “flow through entity” for tax purposes. Earnings from flow through entities are only taxed at the owner’s level.

In 2010 we recorded a tax benefit of $1.0 million on $9.0 million of earnings for the year. The current year2010 included income of $11.9 million from a Special item associated with the resolution of the bankruptcy of our then Canadian railcar manufacturing subsidiary, TrentonWorks, which was not taxable. In addition, an income tax liability was not recorded on the noncontrolling interest earnings of $4.1 million from a consolidated subsidiary that is a flow“flow through entityentity” for tax purposes. Earnings from flow through entities are only taxed at the owner’s level. Excluding these items the effective tax rate would have been 13.8%.

Our effective tax rate was 22.8% and 56.3% for the yearsyear ended August 31, 2009 and 2008.2009. In 2009 a goodwill impairment charge for which a tax benefit was recorded at 8%, as a portion of the impairment charge was not deductible for tax purposes. In addition, 2009 included a reversal of $1.4 million of liabilities for uncertain tax positions for which we are no longer subject to examination by the tax authorities, a tax benefit of $2.5 million related to the deemed liquidation of our German operation for U.S. tax purposes and a tax benefit of $4.3 million related to the reversal of a deferred tax liability associated with a foreign subsidiary. Excluding these items the effective tax rate would have been 21.5%. Tax expense for 2008 included a $3.9 million charge associated with deferred tax assets and operating losses without tax benefit incurred by our then Canadian subsidiary during its closure process. 2008 also included a $1.3 million increase in valuation allowances related to net operating losses generated in Poland and Mexico. In addition, a $1.9 million tax benefit resulted from reversing income tax reserves associated with certain tax positions taken in prior years. Excluding these items the effective tax rate would have been 54.3%.

The fluctuations in the effective tax rate are also due to the geographical mix of pre-tax earnings and losses, minimum tax requirements in certain local jurisdictions and operating losses for certain operations with no related accrual of tax benefit.

28The Greenbrier Companies 20102011 Annual Report


Earnings (Loss)Loss from Unconsolidated Affiliates
Earnings (loss)

Losses from unconsolidated affiliates were a loss of$3.0 million in 2011, $1.6 million in 2010 a loss ofand $0.6 million in 20092009. 2011 includes losses from our castings joint venture due to the temporary idling of the operation during the economic downturn and earningslosses from WLR–Greenbrier Rail Inc. (WLR-GBX) as the result of $0.9 million in 2008.the acquisition of railcar assets on a highly leveraged basis. 2010 includes losses from our castings joint venture and from WLR-GBX. The WLR-GBX loss in 2010 was primarily the result of a mark to market on an interest rate swap, which should no longer have a significant impact on future results.swap. Losses from unconsolidated affiliates in 2009 and 2008 consist entirely of results from our castings joint venture.

Noncontrolling Interest

Noncontrolling interest includes earnings of $4.1$1.9 million, loss of $1.5$4.1 million and loss of $3.2$1.5 million for the years ended August 31, 2011, 2010 2009 and 20082009 and primarily represents our joint venture partner’s share in the earnings (losses) of our Mexican railcar manufacturing joint venture that began production in 2007.

Liquidity and Capital Resources

We have been financed through cash generated from operations, borrowings and stock issuance. At August 31, 20102011 cash and cash equivalents was $98.9$50.2 million, an increasea decrease of $22.7$48.7 million from $76.2$98.9 million at the prior year end.

Cash used in operations was $34.3 million for the year ended August 31, 2011 compared to cash provided by operating activities for the years ended August 31, 2010 and 2009 and 2008 wasof $42.6 million and $120.5 millionmillion. The decrease was primarily due to a change in working capital needs as we ramp up production levels and $32.1 million.an increase in leased railcars for syndication due to higher activity levels. The decrease in 2010 was primarily due to change in working capital needs based on currentoperating activity levels. The change from 2008 to 2009 was primarily due to lower working capital needs as a result of decreased levels of operation.

Cash used in investing activities for the year ended August 31, 20102011 was $24.2$69.3 million compared to $24.2 million in 2010 and $23.0 million in 2009 and $152.2 million in 2008.2009. 2011, 2010 and 2009 cash utilization was primarily due to capital expenditures during the year. Cash utilization in 2008 was primarily due to acquisitions in the Wheel Services, Refurbishment & Parts segment and capital expenditures for the year.

expenditures.

Capital expenditures totaled $84.3 million, $39.0 million $38.8 million and $77.6$38.8 million for the years ended August 31, 2011, 2010 2009 and 2008.2009. Of these capital expenditures, approximately $44.2 million, $18.1 million $23.1 million and $45.9$23.1 million for the years ended August 31, 2011, 2010 2009 and 20082009 were attributable to Leasing & Services operations. Leasing & Services capital expenditures for 2011,2012, net of proceeds from sales of equipment, are expected to be approximately $40.0 million. We regularly sell assets from our lease fleet, some of which may have been purchased within the current year and included in capital expenditures. Proceeds from the sale of equipment were approximately $18.7 million, $23.0 million $15.6 million and $14.6$15.6 million for the years ended August 31, 2011, 2010 2009 and 2008.

2009.

Approximately $20.0 million, $8.7 million $9.1 million and $24.1$9.1 million of capital expenditures for the years ended August 31, 2011, 2010 2009 and 20082009 were attributable to Manufacturing operations. Capital expenditures for Manufacturing are expected to be approximately $16.0$25.0 million in 20112012 and primarily relate to enhancements to existing manufacturing facilities and ERP implementation.

a production line at our Sahagun, Mexico facility and potential future expansion.

Wheel Services, Refurbishment & Parts capital expenditures for the years ended August 31, 2011, 2010 and 2009 and 2008 were $20.1 million, $12.2 million $6.6 million and $7.6$6.6 million and are expected to be approximately $28.0$17.0 million in 20112012 for the opening of a new wheel services facility to replace one previously destroyed by fire, maintenance and improvement of existing facilities and ERP implementation.

some growth.

Cash provided by financing activities was $58.0 million and $4.6 million for the yearyears ended August 31, 2011 and 2010 compared to cash used in financing activities of $24.5 million for the year ended August 31 20092009. During 2011, we received net proceeds of $219.8 million from convertible notes and cash provided by financing activities of $103.5term loans, $86.8 million in 2008.net revolving notes and $62.8 million in net proceeds from an equity offering. We repaid $311.4 million in senior notes and term debt. During 2010, we received $52.7 million in net proceeds from an equity offering and $2.0

The Greenbrier Companies 2011 Annual Report29


million in net proceeds from term loan borrowings. We repaid $11.9 million in net revolving credit lines and $38.3 million in term loans and convertible notes. During 2009, we repaid $81.3 million in net revolving credit lines and $16.4 million in term debt and paid dividends of $2.0 million. We received $69.8 million in net proceeds from term loan borrowings. During 2008, we received $49.6 million in net proceeds from term loan borrowings and $55.5 million in net proceeds under revolving credit lines. In 2008, we repaid $6.9 million in term debt and paid dividends of $5.3 million.

The Greenbrier Companies 2010 Annual Report29 


All amounts originating in foreign currency have been translated at the August 31, 2010 exchange rate for the following discussion. As of August 31, 20102011 senior secured credit facilities, consisting of twothree components, aggregated $111.1$285.9 million. A $100.0$245.0 million revolving line of credit, maturing November 2011,June 2016, is secured by substantially all of our assets in the United StatesU.S. not otherwise pledged as security for term loans. The facility is available to provide working capital and interim financing of equipment, principally for the United StatesU.S. and Mexican operations. Advances under this revolving credit facility bear interest at variable rates that depend on the type of borrowing and the defined ratio of debt to total capitalization. In addition, current lines of credit totaling $11.1$20.9 million secured by substantially allcertain of our European assets, with various variable rates, are available for working capital needs of the European manufacturing operation. European credit facilities are continually being renewed. Currently these European credit facilities have maturities that range from April 20112012 through June 2011.December 2012. In September 2010, ouraddition, the Mexican joint venture renewed its line of credit for up to $10.0$20.0 million is secured by certain of the joint venture’s accounts receivable and inventory. Advances under this facility bear interest at LIBOR plus 2.5% and are due 180 days after the date of borrowing. Currently the Mexican joint venture can borrow on this facility through August 2011.July 2012. As of August 31, 20102011 outstanding borrowings under our facilities consists of $3.6$60.0 million in revolving notes and $4.3 million in letters of credit outstanding under the North American credit facility, and $2.6$15.2 million in revolving notes outstanding under the European credit facilities.
facilities and $15.1 million outstanding under the Mexican joint venture credit facility.

The revolving and operating lines of credit, along with notes payable, contain covenants with respect to the Company and various subsidiaries, the most restrictive of which, among other things, limit theour ability to: incur additional indebtedness or guarantees; pay dividends or repurchase stock; enter into sale leaseback transactions; create liens; sell assets; engage in transactions with affiliates, including joint ventures and non U.S. subsidiaries, including but not limited to loans, advances, equity investments and guarantees; enter into mergers, consolidations or sales of substantially all the Company’s assets; and enter into new lines of business. The covenants also require certain maximum ratios of debt to total capitalization and minimum levels of fixed charges (interest plus rent) coverage.

Available borrowings under our credit facilities are generally based on defined levels of inventory, receivables, property, plant and equipment and leased equipment, as well as total debt to consolidated capitalization and interestfixed charge coverage ratios which, as of August 31, 20102011 would allow for maximum additional borrowing of $106.2$442.7 million. The Company has an aggregate of $104.9$191.2 million available to draw down under the committed credit facilities as of August 31, 2010.2011. This amount consists of $96.4$180.7 million available on the North American credit facility, and $8.5$5.7 million on the European credit facilities.

facilities and $4.8 million on the Mexican joint venture credit facility.

We may from time to time seek to repurchase or otherwise retire or exchange securities, including outstanding borrowings and equity securities, and take other steps to reduce our debt or otherwise improve our balance sheet. These actions may include open market repurchases, unsolicited or solicited privately negotiated transactions or other retirements, repurchases or exchanges. Such repurchases or exchanges, if any, will depend on a number of factors, including, but not limited to, prevailing market conditions, trading levels of our debt, our liquidity requirements and contractual restrictions, if applicable.

We have operations in Mexico and Poland that conduct business in their local currencies as well as other regional currencies. To mitigate the exposure to transactions denominated in currencies other than the functional currency of each entity, we enter into foreign currency forward exchange contracts to protect the margin on a portion of forecast foreign currency sales.

Foreign operations give rise to risks from changes in foreign currency exchange rates. We utilize foreign currency forward exchange contracts with established financial institutions to hedge a portion of that risk. No provision has been made for credit loss due to counterparty non-performance.

30The Greenbrier Companies 2011 Annual Report


In addition to the third party financing, Greenbrier has provided financing for a portion of the working capital needs of our Mexican joint venture through a secured, interest bearing loan. The balance of the loan was $19.0$20.3 million as of August 31, 2010.

2011. As of August 31, 2011, the Mexican joint venture had $16.2 million of third party debt, of which we have guaranteed 50% or approximately $8.1 million.

In accordance with customary business practices in Europe, we have $9.1$6.2 million in bank and third party performance and warranty guarantee facilities, all of which have been utilized as of August 31, 2010.2011. To date no amounts have been drawn under these performance and warranty guarantees.

30The Greenbrier Companies 2010 Annual Report


Quarterly dividends were suspended as of the third quarter 2009. A quarterly dividend of $.04 per share was declared during the second quarter of 2009. Quarterly dividends of $.08 per share were declared each quarter from the fourth quarter of 2005 through the first quarter of 2009.
We have $0.5 million in long-term advances to an unconsolidated affiliate which are secured by accounts receivable and inventory. As of August 31, 2010, this same unconsolidated affiliate had $0.7 million in third party debt for which we have guaranteed 33% or approximately $0.2 million. The facility has beenwas temporarily idled and expects to restart production when demand returns.during the economic downturn, but was re-opened during the third quarter of 2011. We, along with our partners, have made additional equity investments during fiscal year 2010,2011, of which our share of which was $0.9$2.3 million. We made an additional investment of $0.2 million during the first quarter of 2011. Additional investments maywill likely be required.
required as production increases.

Quarterly dividends were suspended as of the third quarter 2009.

We expect existing funds and cash generated from operations, together with proceeds from financing activities including borrowings under existing credit facilities and long-term financings, to be sufficient to fund working capital needs, planned capital expenditures and expected debt repayments for the foreseeable future.

next twelve months.

The following table shows our estimated future contractual cash obligations as of August 31, 2010:

                             
  Years Ending August 31, 
(In thousands) Total  2011  2012  2013  2014  2015  Thereafter 
Notes payable $514,919  $4,565  $76,320  $72,219  $84,710  $276,933  $172 
Interest  122,017   27,840   27,606   24,732   21,835   20,004    
Revolving notes  2,630   2,630                
Purchase commitments  106,030   20,745   20,745   16,135   16,135   16,135   16,135 
Operating leases  17,062   6,781   3,679   2,205   1,488   1,318   1,591 
Railcar leases  10,419   6,711   3,708             
Other  1,402   574   276  ��343   203   2   4 
 
  $774,479  $69,846  $132,334  $115,634  $124,371  $314,392  $17,902 
 
2011:

   Years Ending August 31, 
(In thousands)  Total   2012   2013   2014   2015   2016   Thereafter 

Notes payable

  $434,854    $4,570    $73,469    $84,710    $41,933    $172    $230,000  

Interest

   70,960     13,782     13,717     10,683     8,561     8,072     16,145  

Revolving notes

   90,339     90,339                           

Purchase commitments

   85,285     20,745     16,135     16,135     16,135     16,135       

Operating leases

   25,363     8,956     6,144     4,932     2,747     1,738     846  

Railcar leases

   10,851     6,129     1,604     1,604     1,177     337       

Other

   1,171     507     485     173     2     3     1  

 

 
  $718,823    $145,028    $111,554    $118,237    $70,555    $26,457    $246,992  

 

 

Due to uncertainty with respect to the timing of future cash flows associated with our unrecognized tax benefits at August 31, 2010,2011, we are unable to estimate the period of cash settlement with the respective taxing authority. Therefore, approximately $3.5$3.1 million in uncertain tax positions have been excluded from the contractual table above. See Note 2221 to the Consolidated Financial Statements for a discussion on income taxes.

Off Balance Sheet Arrangements

We do not currently have off balance sheet arrangements that have or are likely to have a material current or future effect on our Consolidated Financial Statements.

Critical Accounting Policies and Estimates

The preparation of financial statements in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United StatesU.S. requires judgment on the part of management to arrive at estimates and assumptions on matters that are inherently uncertain. These estimates may affect the amount of assets, liabilities, revenue and expenses reported in the financial statements and accompanying notes and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities within the financial statements. Estimates and assumptions are periodically evaluated and may be adjusted in future periods. Actual results could differ from those estimates.

Income taxes -For financial reporting purposes, income tax expense is estimated based on planned tax return filings. The amounts anticipated to be reported in those filings may change between the time the financial statements are prepared and the time the tax returns are filed. Further, because tax filings are subject to review by taxing authorities, there is also the risk that a position taken in preparation of a tax return may be challenged by a

The Greenbrier Companies 2011 Annual Report31


taxing authority. If the taxing authority is successful in asserting a position different than that taken by us, differences in tax expense or between current and deferred tax items may arise in future periods. Such differences, which could have a material impact on our financial statements, would be reflected in the financial statements when

The Greenbrier Companies 2010 Annual Report31 


management considers them probable of occurring and the amount reasonably estimable. Valuation allowances reduce deferred tax assets to an amount that will more likely than not be realized. Our estimates of the realization of deferred tax assets is based on the information available at the time the financial statements are prepared and may include estimates of future income and other assumptions that are inherently uncertain.

Maintenance obligations -We are responsible for maintenance on a portion of the managed and owned lease fleet under the terms of maintenance obligations defined in the underlying lease or management agreement. The estimated maintenance liability is based on maintenance histories for each type and age of railcar. These estimates involve judgment as to the future costs of repairs and the types and timing of repairs required over the lease term. As we cannot predict with certainty the prices, timing and volume of maintenance needed in the future on railcars under long-term leases, this estimate is uncertain and could be materially different from maintenance requirements. The liability is periodically reviewed and updated based on maintenance trends and known future repair or refurbishment requirements. These adjustments could be material due to the inherent uncertainty in predicting future maintenance requirements.

Warranty accruals -Warranty costs to cover a defined warranty period are estimated and charged to operations. The estimated warranty cost is based on historical warranty claims for each particular product type. For new product types without a warranty history, preliminary estimates are based on historical information for similar product types.

These estimates are inherently uncertain as they are based on historical data for existing products and judgment for new products. If warranty claims are made in the current period for issues that have not historically been the subject of warranty claims and were not taken into consideration in establishing the accrual or if claims for issues already considered in establishing the accrual exceed expectations, warranty expense may exceed the accrual for that particular product. Conversely, there is the possibility that claims may be lower than estimates. The warranty accrual is periodically reviewed and updated based on warranty trends. However, as we cannot predict future claims, the potential exists for the difference in any one reporting period to be material.

Revenue recognition -Revenue is recognized when persuasive evidence of an arrangement exists, delivery has occurred or services have been rendered, the price is fixed or determinable and collectibility is reasonably assured.

Railcars are generally manufactured, repaired or refurbished and wheel services and parts produced under firm orders from third parties. Revenue is recognized when railcarsthese products or services are completed, accepted by an unaffiliated customer and contractual contingencies removed. Direct finance lease revenue is recognized over the lease term in a manner that produces a constant rate of return on the net investment in the lease. Operating lease revenue is recognized as earned under the lease terms. Certain leases are operated under car hire arrangements whereby revenue is earned based on utilization, car hire rates and terms specified in the lease agreement. Car hire revenue is reported from a third party source two months in arrears; however, such revenue is accrued in the month earned based on estimates of use from historical activity and is adjusted to actual as reported. These estimates are inherently uncertain as they involve judgment as to the estimated use of each railcar. Adjustments to actual have historically not been significant. Revenues from construction of marine barges are either recognized on the percentage of completion method during the construction period or on the completed contract method based on the terms of the contract. Under the percentage of completion method, judgment is used to determine a definitive threshold against which progress towards completion can be measured to determine timing of revenue recognition.

Impairment of long-lived assets -When changes in circumstances indicate the carrying amount of certain long-lived assets may not be recoverable, the assets are evaluated for impairment. If the forecast undiscounted future cash flows are less than the carrying amount of the assets, an impairment charge to reduce the carrying value of the assets to fair value is recognized in the current period. These estimates are based on the best information available at the time of the impairment and could be materially different if circumstances change. Certain long lived assets were tested for impairment duringIf the quarter ended May 31, 2010. Forecastedforecast undiscounted future cash flows exceeded the carrying amount of the assets indicatingit would indicate that the assets were not impaired.

32The Greenbrier Companies 2011 Annual Report


Goodwill and acquired intangible assets -The Company periodically acquires businesses in purchase transactions in which the allocation of the purchase price may result in the recognition of goodwill and other intangible assets.

32The Greenbrier Companies 2010 Annual Report


The determination of the value of such intangible assets requires management to make estimates and assumptions. These estimates affect the amount of future period amortization and possible impairment charges.
We perform a goodwill

Goodwill and indefinite-lived intangible assets are tested for impairment test annually during the third quarter. Goodwill is also tested more frequently if changes in circumstances or the occurrence of events indicates that a potential impairment exists. The provisions of ASCAccounting Standards Codification (ASC) 350,Intangibles — Goodwill and Other, require that we perform a two-step impairment test on goodwill. In the first step, we compare the fair value of each reporting unit with its carrying value. We determine the fair value of our reporting units based on a weighting of income and market approaches. Under the income approach, we calculate the fair value of a reporting unit based on the present value of estimated future cash flows. Under the market approach, we estimate the fair value based on observed market multiples for comparable businesses. The second step of the goodwill impairment test is required only in situations where the carrying value of the reporting unit exceeds its fair value as determined in the first step. In the second step we would compare the implied fair value of goodwill to its carrying value. The implied fair value of goodwill is determined by allocating the fair value of a reporting unit to all of the assets and liabilities of that unit as if the reporting unit had been acquired in a business combination and the fair value of the reporting unit was the price paid to acquire the reporting unit. The excess of the fair value of a reporting unit over the amounts assigned to its assets and liabilities is the implied fair value of goodwill. An impairment loss is recorded to the extent that the carrying amount of the reporting unit goodwill exceeds the implied fair value of that goodwill.

Loss contingencies -On certain railcar contracts The goodwill balance as of August 31, 2011 of $137.1 million relates to the total cost to produceWheel Services, Refurbishment & Parts segment. Goodwill was tested during the railcar may exceed the actual fixed or determinable contractual sale price of the railcar. When the anticipated loss on production of railcars in backlog is both probablethird quarter and estimable the Company will accrue a loss contingency. These estimates are based on the best information available at the time of the accrual and may be adjusted at a later date to reflect actual costs.
concluded that goodwill was not impaired.

New Accounting Pronouncements

See Note 2 of Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements included in Part II, Item 8 of this Annual Report onForm 10-K.

Item 7a.QUANTITATIVE AND QUALITATIVE DISCLOSURES ABOUT MARKET RISK

Foreign Currency Exchange Risk

We have operations in Mexico, Germany and Poland that conduct business in their local currencies as well as other regional currencies. To mitigate the exposure to transactions denominated in currencies other than the functional currency of each entity, we enter into foreign currency forward exchange contracts to protect the margin on a portion of forecast foreign currency sales. At August 31, 2010, $37.82011, $90.8 million of forecast sales in Europe were hedged by foreign exchange contracts. Because of the variety of currencies in which purchases and sales are transacted and the interaction between currency rates, it is not possible to predict the impact a movement in a single foreign currency exchange rate would have on future operating results. We believe the exposure to foreign exchange risk is not material.

In addition to exposure to transaction gains or losses, we are also exposed to foreign currency exchange risk related to the net asset position of our foreign subsidiaries. At August 31, 2010,2011, net assets of foreign subsidiaries aggregated $25.1$27.6 million and a 10% strengthening of the United StatesU.S. dollar relative to the foreign currencies would result in a decrease in equity of $2.5$2.8 million, 0.9%or 0.8% of total equity Greenbrier. This calculation assumes that each exchange rate would change in the same direction relative to the United StatesU.S. dollar.

Interest Rate Risk

We have managed a portion of our variable rate debt with interest rate swap agreements, effectively converting $45.6$44.3 million of variable rate debt to fixed rate debt. As a result, we are exposed to interest rate risk relating to our revolving debt and a portion of term debt, which are at variable rates. At August 31, 2010, 66%2011, 65% of our outstanding debt has fixed rates and 34%35% has variable rates. At August 31, 2010,2011, a uniform 10% increase in interest rates would result in approximately $0.5$0.6 million of additional annual interest expense.

The Greenbrier Companies 20102011 Annual Report33  


Item 8.FINANCIAL STATEMENTS AND SUPPLEMENTARY DATA

Consolidated Balance Sheets

         
YEARS ENDED AUGUST 31,
 
(In thousands) 2010  2009(1) 
Assets
        
Cash and cash equivalents $98,864  $76,187 
Restricted cash  2,525   1,083 
Accounts receivable  89,252   113,371 
Inventories  185,604   142,824 
Assets held for sale  31,826   31,711 
Equipment on operating leases, net  302,663   313,183 
Investment in direct finance leases  1,795   7,990 
Property, plant and equipment, net  132,614   127,974 
Goodwill  137,066   137,066 
Intangibles and other assets  90,679   96,902 
 
  $ 1,072,888  $ 1,048,291 
 
         
Liabilities and Equity
        
Revolving notes $2,630  $16,041 
Accounts payable and accrued liabilities  181,638   170,889 
Losses in excess of investment in de-consolidated subsidiary     15,313 
Deferred income taxes  81,136   69,199 
Deferred revenue  11,377   19,250 
Notes payable  498,700   525,149 
         
Commitments and contingencies (Notes 25 & 26)        
         
Equity:
        
Greenbrier        
Preferred stock-without par value; 25,000 shares authorized; none outstanding
      
Common stock-without par value; 50,000 shares authorized; 21,875 and 17,094 outstanding at August 31, 2010 and 2009
  22   17 
Additional paid-in capital  172,404   117,060 
Retained earnings  120,716   116,439 
Accumulated other comprehensive loss  (7,204)  (9,790)
 
Total equity Greenbrier  285,938   223,726 
Noncontrolling interest  11,469   8,724 
 
Total equity  297,407   232,450 
 
  $1,072,888  $1,048,291 
 
(1)2009 was adjusted for the effects of Accounting Standards Codification (ASC) 470 — 20Debt — Debt with Conversion and Other Options.See Note 2 to the Consolidated Financial Statements. An adjustment to the presentation was also made to conform to the adoption ofASC 810-10-65Consolidation — Transition related to SFAS No. 160, Noncontrolling Interests in Consolidated Financial Statements — an amendment of ARB No. 51.

YEARS ENDED AUGUST 31,

(In thousands)  2011  2010 

Assets

   

Cash and cash equivalents

  $50,222   $98,864  

Restricted cash

   2,113    2,525  

Accounts receivable, net

   188,443    89,252  

Inventories

   323,512    204,626  

Leased railcars for syndication

   30,690    12,804  

Equipment on operating leases, net

   321,141    302,663  

Property, plant and equipment, net

   161,200    132,614  

Goodwill

   137,066    137,066  

Intangibles and other assets, net

   87,268    92,474  

 

 
  $1,301,655   $1,072,888  

 

 

Liabilities and Equity

   

Revolving notes

  $90,339   $2,630  

Accounts payable and accrued liabilities

   316,536    181,638  

Deferred income taxes

   83,839    81,136  

Deferred revenue

   5,900    11,377  

Notes payable

   429,140    498,700  

Commitments and contingencies (Notes 24 & 25)

   

Equity:

Greenbrier

   

Preferred stock - without par value; 25,000 shares authorized; none outstanding

         

Common stock - without par value; 50,000 shares authorized; 25,186 and 21,875 outstanding at August 31, 2011 and 2010

         

Additional paid-in capital

   242,286    172,426  

Retained earnings

   127,182    120,716  

Accumulated other comprehensive loss

   (7,895  (7,204

 

 

Total equity Greenbrier

   361,573    285,938  

Noncontrolling interest

   14,328    11,469  

 

 

Total equity

   375,901    297,407  

 

 
  $1,301,655   $1,072,888  

 

 

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these financial statements.

34The Greenbrier Companies 20102011 Annual Report


Consolidated Statements of Operations
             
YEARS ENDED AUGUST 31,
 
(In thousands, except per share amounts) 2010  2009(1)  2008(1) 
Revenue
            
Manufacturing $ 295,566  $462,496  $665,093 
Wheel Services, Refurbishment & Parts  390,061   476,164   527,466 
Leasing & Services  78,823   79,465   97,520 
 
   764,450    1,018,125    1,290,079 
Cost of revenue
            
Manufacturing  268,395   458,733   653,879 
Wheel Services, Refurbishment & Parts  344,522   420,294   426,183 
Leasing & Services  41,365   45,991   47,774 
 
   654,282   925,018   1,127,836 
Margin
  110,168   93,107   162,243 
Other costs
            
Selling and administrative  69,931   65,743   85,133 
Interest and foreign exchange  43,134   45,912   44,320 
Special items  (11,870)  55,667   2,302 
 
   101,195   167,322   131,755 
Earnings (loss) before income tax and earnings (loss) from unconsolidated affiliates  8,973   (74,215)  30,488 
Income tax benefit (expense)  959   16,917   (17,159)
 
Earnings (loss) before earnings (loss) from unconsolidated affiliates  9,932   (57,298)  13,329 
Earnings (loss) from unconsolidated affiliates  (1,601)  (565)  872 
 
Net earnings (loss)  8,331   (57,863)  14,201 
Net (earnings) loss attributable to noncontrolling interest  (4,054)  1,472   3,182 
 
Net earnings (loss) attributable to Greenbrier
 $4,277  $(56,391) $17,383 
             
Basic earnings (loss) per common share:
 $0.23  $(3.35) $1.06 
 
Diluted earnings (loss) per common share:
 $0.21  $(3.35) $1.06 
             
Weighted average common shares:
            
Basic  18,585   16,815   16,395 
Diluted  20,213   16,815   16,417 
(1)2009 and 2008 were adjusted for the effects of Accounting Standards Codification (ASC) 470 — 20Debt — Debt with Conversion and Other Options.See Note 2 to the Consolidated Financial Statements. An adjustment to the presentation was also made to conform to the adoption ofASC 810-10-65Consolidation — Transition related to SFAS No. 160, Noncontrolling Interests in Consolidated Financial Statements — an amendment of ARB No. 51.

YEARS ENDED AUGUST 31,

(In thousands, except per share amounts)  2011  2010  2009 

Revenue

    

Manufacturing

  $721,102   $295,566   $462,496  

Wheel Services, Refurbishment & Parts

   452,865    388,434    475,397  

Leasing & Services

   69,323    72,280    78,298  

 

 
   1,243,290    756,280    1,016,191  

Cost of revenue

    

Manufacturing

   661,127    268,395    458,733  

Wheel Services, Refurbishment & Parts

   405,449    344,522    420,294  

Leasing & Services

   37,183    41,365    45,991  

 

 
   1,103,759    654,282    925,018  

Margin

   139,531    101,998    91,173  

Selling and administrative

   80,326    69,931    65,743  

Gain on disposition of equipment

   (8,369  (8,170  (1,934

Goodwill impairment

           55,667  

Special items

       (11,870    

 

 

Earnings (loss) from operations

   67,574    52,107    (28,303

Other costs

    

Interest and foreign exchange

   36,992    45,204    44,612  

Loss (gain) on extinguishment of debt

   15,657    (2,070  1,300  

 

 

Earnings (loss) before income tax and loss from unconsolidated affiliates

   14,925    8,973    (74,215

Income tax benefit (expense)

   (3,564  959    16,917  

 

 

Earnings (loss) before loss from unconsolidated affiliates

   11,361    9,932    (57,298

Loss from unconsolidated affiliates

   (2,974  (1,601  (565

 

 

Net earnings (loss)

   8,387    8,331    (57,863

Net (earnings) loss attributable to noncontrolling interest

   (1,921  (4,054  1,472  

 

 

Net earnings (loss) attributable to Greenbrier

  $6,466   $4,277   $(56,391

 

 

Basic earnings (loss) per common share:

  $0.27   $0.23   $(3.35

 

 

Diluted earnings (loss) per common share:

  $0.24   $0.21   $(3.35

 

 

Weighted average common shares:

    

Basic

   24,100    18,585    16,815  

Diluted

   26,501    20,213    16,815  

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these financial statements.

The Greenbrier Companies 20102011 Annual Report35  


Consolidated Statements of Equity

and Comprehensive Income (Loss)

                             
  Attributable to Greenbrier       
              Accumulated
       
        Additional
     Other
  Attributable to
    
(In thousands, except for per share
 Common Stock  Paid-in
  Retained
  Comprehensive
  Noncontrolling
  Total
 
amounts) Shares  Amount  Capital  Earnings  Income (Loss)  Interest  Equity 
Balance September 1, 2007(1)
  16,169  $16  $95,747  $162,845  $(166) $5,146   263,588 
Net earnings (loss)           17,383      (3,182)  14,201 
Translation adjustment (net of tax effect)              4,852      4,852 
Pension plan adjustment              (6,873)     (6,873)
Reclassification of derivative financial instruments recognized in net earnings (net of tax effect)              (94)     (94)
Unrealized gain on derivative financial instruments (net of tax effect)              905      905 
                             
Comprehensive income                          12,991 
Investment by joint venture partner                 6,600   6,600 
Noncontrolling interest adjustments                 54   54 
Pension adjustment (net of tax effect)              71      71 
Cash dividends ($0.32 per share)           (5,261)        (5,261)
Uncertain tax position adjustment           (136)        (136)
Restricted stock awards (net of cancellations)  432   1   9,473            9,474 
Unamortized restricted stock        (9,442)           (9,442)
Restricted stock amortization        3,932            3,932 
Stock options exercised  5      43            43 
Excess tax expense of stock options exercised        (76)           (76)
 
Balance August 31, 2008(1)
  16,606   17   99,677   174,831   (1,305)  8,618   281,838 
Net loss           (56,391)     (1,472)  (57,863)
Translation adjustment (net of tax effect)              (5,527)     (5,527)
Reclassification of derivative financial instruments recognized in net loss (net of tax effect)              (612)     (612)
Unrealized loss on derivative financial instruments (net of tax effect)              (2,465)     (2,465)
                             
Comprehensive loss                          (66,467)
Investment by joint venture partner                 1,400   1,400 
Noncontrolling interest adjustments                 178   178 
Pension adjustment (net of tax effect)                119      119 
Cash dividends ($0.12 per share)           (2,001)        (2,001)
Warrants        13,410            13,410 
Restricted stock awards (net of cancellations)  485      1,252            1,252 
Unamortized restricted stock        (1,252)           (1,252)
Restricted stock amortization        5,062            5,062 
Stock options exercised  3      23            23 
Excess tax expense of stock options exercised        (1,112)           (1,112)
 
Balance August 31, 2009(1)
  17,094   17   117,060   116,439   (9,790)  8,724   232,450 
Net earnings           4,277      4,054   8,331 
Translation adjustment (net of tax effect)              (3,831)     (3,831)
Pension adjustment (net of tax effect)                6,810      6,810 
Reclassification of derivative financial instruments recognized in net earnings (net of tax effect)              (878)     (878)
Unrealized gain on derivative financial instruments (net of tax effect)              485      485 
                             
Comprehensive income                          10,917 
Noncontrolling interest adjustments                 (1,309)  (1,309)
ASC470-20 adjustment for partial convertible note retirement (net of tax)
        (2,535)           (2,535)
Net proceeds from equity offering  4,500   5   52,703            52,708 
Restricted stock awards (net of cancellations)  274      3,210            3,210 
Unamortized restricted stock        (3,210)           (3,210)
Restricted stock amortization        5,825            5,825 
Stock options exercised  7      29            29 
Excess tax expense of stock options exercised        (678)           (678)
                             
 
Balance August 31, 2010
  21,875  $22  $172,404  $120,716  $(7,204) $11,469  $297,407 
 
(1)2009 and 2008 were adjusted for the effects of Accounting Standards Codification (ASC) 470 — 20Debt — Debt with Conversion and Other Options.See Note 2 to the Consolidated Financial Statements. An adjustment to the presentation was also made to conform to the adoption ofASC 810-10-65Consolidation — Transition related to SFAS No. 160, Noncontrolling Interests in Consolidated Financial Statements — an amendment of ARB No. 51.

  Attributable to Greenbrier       
(In thousands, except for per share amounts) Common
Stock
Shares
  Additional
Paid-in
Capital
  Retained
Earnings
  Accumulated
Other
Comprehensive
Income (Loss)
  Total
Attributable
to
Greenbrier
  Attributable to
Noncontrolling
Interest
  Total
Equity
 

Balance September 1, 2008

  16,606   $99,694   $174,831   $(1,305 $273,220   $8,618   $281,838  

Net loss

          (56,391      (56,391  (1,472  (57,863

Translation adjustment (net of tax effect)

              (5,527  (5,527      (5,527

Reclassification of derivative financial instruments recognized in net loss (net of tax effect)

              (612  (612      (612

Unrealized loss on derivative financial instruments (net of tax effect)

              (2,465  (2,465      (2,465
     

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

 

Comprehensive loss

      (64,995  (1,472  (66,467

Investment by joint venture partner

                      1,400    1,400  

Noncontrolling interest adjustments

                      178    178  

Pension adjustment (net of tax effect)

        119    119        119  

Cash dividends ($0.12 per share)

          (2,001      (2,001      (2,001

Warrants

      13,410            13,410        13,410  

Restricted stock awards (net of cancellations)

  485    1,252            1,252        1,252  

Unamortized restricted stock

      (1,252          (1,252      (1,252

Restricted stock amortization

      5,062            5,062        5,062  

Stock options exercised

  3    23            23        23  

Excess tax expense of stock options exercised

      (1,112          (1,112      (1,112

 

 

Balance August 31, 2009

  17,094    117,077    116,439    (9,790  223,726    8,724    232,450  

Net earnings

          4,277        4,277    4,054    8,331  

Translation adjustment (net of tax effect)

              (3,831  (3,831      (3,831

Pension adjustment (net of tax effect)

        6,810    6,810        6,810  

Reclassification of derivative financial instruments recognized in net earnings (net of tax effect)

              (878  (878      (878

Unrealized gain on derivative financial instruments (net of tax effect)

              485    485        485  
     

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

 

Comprehensive income

      6,863    4,054    10,917  

Noncontrolling interest adjustments

                      (1,309  (1,309

ASC 470-20 adjustment for partial convertible note retirement (net of tax)

      (2,535          (2,535      (2,535

Net proceeds from equity offering

  4,500    52,708            52,708        52,708  

Restricted stock awards (net of cancellations)

  274    3,210            3,210        3,210  

Unamortized restricted stock

      (3,210          (3,210      (3,210

Restricted stock amortization

      5,825            5,825        5,825  

Stock options exercised

  7    29            29        29  

Excess tax expense of stock options exercised

      (678          (678      (678

 

 

Balance August 31, 2010

  21,875    172,426    120,716    (7,204  285,938    11,469    297,407  

Net earnings

          6,466        6,466    1,921    8,387  

Translation adjustment

              2,205    2,205        2,205  

Pension adjustment (net of tax effect)

        (6  (6      (6

Reclassification of derivative financial instruments recognized in net earnings (net of tax effect)

              (1,029  (1,029      (1,029

Unrealized loss on derivative financial instruments (net of tax effect)

              (1,861  (1,861      (1,861
     

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

 

Comprehensive income

      5,775    1,921    7,696  

Noncontrolling interest adjustments

                      938    938  

Net proceeds from equity offering

  3,000    62,760            62,760        62,760  

Restricted stock awards (net of cancellations)

  306    7,197            7,197        7,197  

Unamortized restricted stock

      (7,197          (7,197      (7,197

Restricted stock amortization

      7,073            7,073        7,073  

Stock options exercised

  5    27            27        27  

 

 

Balance August 31, 2011

  25,186   $242,286   $127,182   $(7,895 $361,573   $14,328   $375,901  

 

 

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these financial statements.

36The Greenbrier Companies 20102011 Annual Report


Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows

YEARS ENDED AUGUST 31,

             
(In thousands) 2010  2009(1)  2008(1) 
Cash flows from operating activities:
            
Net earnings (loss) $8,331  $(57,863) $14,201 
Adjustments to reconcile net earnings (loss) to net cash provided by operating activities:            
Deferred income taxes  15,052   (13,299)  11,528 
Depreciation and amortization  37,511   37,669   35,086 
Gain on sales of equipment  (6,543)  (1,167)  (8,010)
Special items  (11,870)  55,667   2,302 
Accretion of debt discount  8,581   4,948   3,550 
Gain on extinguishment of debt  (3,218)      
Other  4,237   3,583   390 
Decrease (increase) in assets excluding acquisitions:            
Accounts receivable  22,430   58,521   (7,621)
Inventories  (44,276)  98,751   (29,692)
Assets held for sale  (177)  21,841   (10,621)
Other  7,171   1,157   (2,700)
Increase (decrease) in liabilities excluding acquisitions:            
Accounts payable and accrued liabilities  12,777   (86,514)  21,801 
Deferred revenue  (7,445)  (2,829)  1,904 
 
Net cash provided by operating activities  42,561   120,465   32,118 
 
Cash flows from investing activities:
            
Principal payments received under direct finance leases  390   429   375 
Proceeds from sales of equipment  22,978   15,555   14,598 
Investment in and advances (to) from unconsolidated affiliates  (927)     858 
Contract placement fee  (6,050)      
Acquisitions, net of cash acquired        (91,166)
De-consolidation of subsidiary        (1,217)
Decrease (increase) in restricted cash  (1,442)  (109)  2,046 
Capital expenditures  (38,989)  (38,847)  (77,644)
Other  (130)      
 
Net cash used in investing activities  (24,170)  (22,972)  (152,150)
 
Cash flows from financing activities:
            
Net changes in revolving notes with maturities of 90 days or less  (11,934)  (81,251)  55,514 
Proceeds from revolving notes with maturities longer than 90 days  5,698       
Repayments of revolving notes with maturities longer than 90 days  (5,698)      
Net proceeds from issuance of notes payable  2,040   69,768   49,613 
Repayments of notes payable  (38,267)  (16,436)  (6,919)
Net proceeds from equity offering  52,708       
Investment by joint venture partner     1,400   6,600 
Dividends paid     (2,001)  (5,261)
Other  29   3,973   3,931 
 
Net cash provided by (used in) financing activities  4,576   (24,547)  103,478 
 
Effect of exchange rate changes  (290)  (2,716)  1,703 
Increase (decrease) in cash and cash equivalents  22,677   70,230   (14,851)
Cash and cash equivalents
            
Beginning of period  76,187   5,957   20,808 
 
End of period $98,864  $76,187  $5,957 
 
Cash paid during the period for:
            
             
Interest $29,409  $31,967  $35,274 
Income taxes paid (refunded) $(14,953) $592  $4,246 
Non-cash activity
            
Transfer of assets held for sale to equipment on operating leases $  $4,830  $6,441 
Transfer of other assets to property, plant and equipment  708       
Adjustment to tax reserve     7,415    
Warrant valuation     13,410    
Supplemental disclosure of non-cash activity:
            
Assumption of acquisition capital lease obligation $  $  $498 
Seller receivable netted against acquisition note        503 
De-consolidation of subsidiary (see note 4)        15,313 
Supplemental disclosure of subsidiary acquired
            
Assets acquired $  $  $(96,782)
Liabilities assumed        5,616 
 
Acquisitions, net of cash acquired $  $  $(91,166)
 
(1)2009 and 2008 were adjusted for the effects of Accounting Standards Codification (ASC) 470 — 20Debt — Debt with Conversion and Other Options.See Note 2 to the Consolidated Financial Statements. An adjustment to the presentation was also made to conform to the adoption ofASC 810-10-65Consolidation — Transition related to SFAS No. 160, Noncontrolling Interests in Consolidated Financial Statements — an amendment of ARB No. 51.

(In thousands)  2011  2010  2009 

Cash flows from operating activities:

    

Net earnings (loss)

  $8,387   $8,331   $(57,863

Adjustments to reconcile net earnings (loss) to net cash (used in) provided by operating activities:

    

Deferred income taxes

   2,399    15,052    (13,299

Depreciation and amortization

   38,293    37,511    37,669  

Gain on sales of leased equipment

   (5,121  (6,543  (1,167

Accretion of debt discount

   6,583    8,149    4,948  

Goodwill impairment

           55,667  

Special items

       (11,870    

Loss (gain) on extinguishment of debt (non-cash portion)

   8,453    (2,070  915  

Other

   6,762    4,237    3,583  

Decrease (increase) in assets:

    

Accounts receivable

   (96,552  22,430    58,521  

Inventories

   (116,866  (45,212  109,469  

Leased railcars for syndication

   (20,839  759    11,123  

Other

   8,863    6,455    242  

Increase (decrease) in liabilities:

    

Accounts payable and accrued liabilities

   130,673    12,777    (86,514

Deferred revenue

   (5,287  (7,445  (2,829

 

 

Net cash (used in) provided by operating activities

   (34,252  42,561    120,465  

 

 

Cash flows from investing activities:

    

Proceeds from sales of equipment

   18,730    22,978    15,555  

Investment in and advances (to) from unconsolidated affiliates

   (2,330  (927    

Contract placement fee

       (6,050    

Decrease (increase) in restricted cash

   412    (1,442  (109

Capital expenditures

   (84,302  (38,989  (38,847

Other

   (1,774  260    429  

 

 

Net cash used in investing activities

   (69,264  (24,170  (22,972

 

 

Cash flows from financing activities:

    

Net changes in revolving notes with maturities of 90 days or less

   71,625    (11,934  (81,251

Proceeds from revolving notes with maturities longer than 90 days

   25,159    5,698      

Repayments of revolving notes with maturities longer than 90 days

   (10,000  (5,698    

Proceeds from issuance of notes payable

   231,250    2,149    75,000  

Debt issuance costs

   (11,469  (109  (5,232

Repayments of notes payable

   (311,360  (38,267  (16,436

Proceeds from equity offering

   63,180    56,250      

Expenses from equity offering

   (420  (3,542    

Investment by joint venture partner

           1,400  

Dividends paid

           (2,001

Other

   26    29    3,973  

 

 

Net cash provided by (used in) financing activities

   57,991    4,576    (24,547

 

 

Effect of exchange rate changes

   (3,117  (290  (2,716

Increase (decrease) in cash and cash equivalents

   (48,642  22,677    70,230  

Cash and cash equivalents

    

Beginning of period

   98,864    76,187    5,957  

 

 

End of period

  $50,222   $98,864   $76,187  

 

 

Cash paid during the period for:

    

Interest

  $27,872   $29,409   $31,967  

Income taxes paid (refunded)

  $677   $(14,953 $592  

Non-cash activity

    

Transfer of leased railcars for syndication to equipment on operating leases

  $   $   $4,830  

Transfer of other assets to property, plant and equipment

       708      

Adjustment to tax reserve

           7,415  

Warrant valuation

           13,410  

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these financial statements.

The Greenbrier Companies 20102011 Annual Report37  


Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements

Note 1 - Nature of Operations

The Greenbrier Companies, Inc. and its subsidiaries (Greenbrier or the Company) currently operate in three primary business segments: Manufacturing,Manufacturing; Wheel Services, Refurbishment & PartsParts; and Leasing & Services. The three business segments are operationally integrated. With operations in the United States (U.S.), Mexico and Poland, the Manufacturing segment produces double-stack intermodal railcars, conventional railcars, tank cars and marine vessels. The Wheel Services, Refurbishment & Parts segment performs railcar repair, refurbishment and maintenance activities in the United States and MexicoNorth America as well as wheel and axle servicing and production of a variety of parts for the railroad industry. The Leasing & Services segment owns approximately 8,0009,000 railcars and provides management services for approximately 225,000216,000 railcars for railroads, shippers, carriers, institutional investors and other leasing and transportation companies in North America. Greenbrier also produces railcar castings through an unconsolidated joint venture.

Note 2 - Summary of Significant Accounting Policies

Principles of consolidation-The financial statements include the accounts of the Company and its subsidiaries in which it has a controlling interest. All intercompany transactions and balances are eliminated upon consolidation.

Unclassified Balance Sheet-The balance sheets of the Company are presented in an unclassified format as a result of significant leasing activities for which the current or non-current distinction is not relevant. In addition, the activities of the Manufacturing; Wheel Services, Refurbishment & Parts and Leasing & Services segments are so intertwined that in the opinion of management, any attempt to separate the respective balance sheet categories would not be meaningful and may lead to the development of misleading conclusions by the reader.

Foreign currency translation-Operations Certain operations outside the United StatesU.S., primarily in Poland and Germany, prepare financial statements in currencies other than the United StatesU.S. dollar. Revenues and expenses are translated at average exchange rates for the year, while assets and liabilities are translated at year-end exchange rates. Translation adjustments are accumulated as a separate component of equity in other comprehensive income (loss).

The foreign currency translation adjustment balances were $1.9 million, $4.1 million and $0.3 million as of August 31, 2011, 2010 and 2009.

Cash and cash equivalents-Cash is temporarily invested primarily in money market funds. All highly-liquid investments with a maturity of three months or less at the date of acquisition are considered cash equivalents.

Restricted cash-Restricted cash is a pass through account for activity related to car hire auditing and processingmanagement services provided for certain third party customers.

Accounts receivable-Accounts receivable are stated net of allowance for doubtful accounts of $3.9 million and $5.6 million as of August 31, 20102011 and 2009.

             
  Years Ended August 31, 
(In thousands) 2010  2009  2008 
Allowance for doubtful accounts
            
Balance at beginning of period $ 5,612  $ 5,557  $3,916 
Additions, net of reversals  (385)  641   3,184 
Usage  (991)  (560)   (1,598)
Currency translation effect  (305)  (26)  55 
             
Balance at end of period $3,931  $5,612  $5,557 
             
2010.

   Years ended August 31, 
(In thousands)  2011  2010  2009 

Allowance for doubtful accounts

    

Balance at beginning of period

  $3,931   $5,612   $5,557  

Additions, net of reversals

   351    (385  641  

Usage

   (673  (991  (560

Currency translation effect

   304    (305  (26

 

 

Balance at end of period

  $3,913   $3,931   $5,612  

 

 

Inventories-Inventories are valued at the lower of cost(first-in, (first-in, first-out) or market.Work-in-process includes material, labor and overhead.

Leased railcars for syndication - Leased railcars for syndication consist of newly-built railcars, manufactured at one of the Company’s facilities, which have been placed on lease to a customer and which the Company intends

38The Greenbrier Companies 20102011 Annual Report


Assets held for sale-Assets held for sale consist of new railcars in transit to delivery point, railcars on leasesell to an investor with the intentlease attached. These railcars are not depreciated and are anticipated to sell, used railcars that will either be sold or refurbished or placedwithin six months of delivery of the last railcar on leasethe underlying lease. The Company does not believe any economic value of a railcar is lost in the first six months; therefore the Company does not depreciate these assets. In the event the railcars are not sold, the railcars are transferred to Equipment on operating leases and then sold, finished goods and completed wheel sets.
depreciated.

Equipment on operating leases, net-Equipment on operating leases is stated net of accumulated depreciation. Depreciation to estimated salvage value is provided on the straight-line method over the estimated useful lives of up to thirty-five years.

Property, plant and equipment-Property, plant and equipment is stated net of accumulated depreciation. Depreciation is provided on the straight-line method over estimated useful lives which are as follows:

   Depreciable Life 

Buildings and improvements

   10-25 years  

Machinery and equipment

   3-15 years  

Other

   3-7 years  

Goodwill-Goodwill is recorded when the purchase price of an acquisition exceeds the fair market value of the net assets acquired. Goodwill is not amortized and is tested for impairment at least annually and more frequently if material changes in events or circumstances arise. This testing compares carrying values to fair values and if the carrying value of these assets is in excess of fair value, the carrying value is reduced to fair value. The Company performs a goodwill impairment test annually during the third quarter.

Intangible and other assets, net-Intangible assets are recorded when a portion of the purchase price of an acquisition is allocated to assets such as customer contracts and relationships, trade names, certifications and backlog. Intangible assets with finite lives are amortized using the straight line method over their estimated useful lives and include the following: proprietary technology, 10 years; trade names, 5 years; patents, 11 years; and long-term customer agreements, 5 to 20 years. Other assets include loan fees and debt acquisition costs which are capitalized and amortized as interest expense over the life of the related borrowings.

Impairment of long-lived assets-When changes in circumstances indicate the carrying amount of certain long-lived assets may not be recoverable, the assets are evaluated for impairment. If the forecast undiscounted future cash flows are less than the carrying amount of the assets, an impairment charge to reduce the carrying value of the assets to estimated realizable value is recognized in the current period. No impairment was recorded in the current fiscal year.

Maintenance obligations-The Company is responsible for maintenance on a portion of the managed and owned lease fleet under the terms of maintenance obligations defined in the underlying lease or management agreement. The estimated liability is based on maintenance histories for each type and age of railcar. The liability, included in accountsAccounts payable and accrued liabilities, is reviewed periodically and updated based on maintenance trends and known future repair or refurbishment requirements.

Warranty accruals-Warranty costs are estimated and charged to operations to cover a defined warranty period. The estimated warranty cost is based on history of warranty claims for each particular product type. For new product types without a warranty history, preliminary estimates are based on historical information for similar product types. The warranty accruals, included in accountsAccounts payable and accrued liabilities, are reviewed periodically and updated based on warranty trends.

Contingent rental assistance --The Company has entered into contingent rental assistance agreements on certain railcars, subject to leases, that have been sold to third parties. These agreements guarantee the purchasers a minimum lease rental, subject to a maximum defined rental assistance amount, over remaining periods of up to five years. A liability is established when management believes that it is probable that a rental shortfall will occur and the amount can be estimated.

Income taxes-The liability method is used to account for income taxes. Deferred income taxes are provided for the temporary effects of differences between assets and liabilities recognized for financial statement and income

The Greenbrier Companies 2011 Annual Report39


tax reporting purposes. Valuation allowances reduce deferred tax assets to an amount that will more likely than not be

The Greenbrier Companies 2010 Annual Report39 


realized. As a result, we recognize liabilities for uncertain tax positions based on whether evidence indicates that it is more likely than not that the position will be sustained on audit. It is inherently difficult and subjective to estimate such amounts, as this requires us to determine the probability of various possible outcomes. The Company reevaluates these uncertain tax positions on a quarterly basis. Changes in assumptions may result in the recognition of a tax benefit or an additional charge to the tax provision.

Noncontrolling interest-In October 2006, the Company formed a joint venture with Grupo Industrial Monclova, S.A. (GIMSA) to manufacture new railroad freight cars for the North American marketplace at GIMSA’s existing manufacturing facility located in Frontera, Mexico. Each party owns a 50% interest in the joint venture. Production began late in the Company’s third quarter of 2007. The financial results of this operation are consolidated for financial reporting purposes as the Company maintains a controlling interest as evidenced by the right to appoint the majority of the board of directors, control over accounting, financing, marketing and engineering, and approval and design of products. The noncontrolling interest reflected in the Company’s consolidated financial statements primarily represents the joint venture partner’s equity in this venture.

Accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) --Accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) represents, net earnings (loss) plus all other changes in net assets from non-owner sources.

of tax as appropriate, consisted of the following:

(In thousands)  Unrealized
Losses on
Derivative
Financial
Instruments
  Pension
Adjustment
  Foreign
Currency
Translation
Adjustment
  Accumulated
Other
Comprehensive
Income (Loss)
 

Balance August 31, 2010

  $(2,899 $(189 $(4,116 $(7,204

2011 activity

   (2,890  (6  2,205    (691

 

 

Balance, August 31, 2011

  $(5,789 $(195 $(1,911 $(7,895

 

 

Revenue recognition-Revenue is recognized when persuasive evidence of an arrangement exists, delivery has occurred or services have been rendered, the price is fixed or determinable and collectibility is reasonably assured.

Railcars are generally manufactured, repaired or refurbished under firm orders from third parties. Revenue is recognized when new, refurbished or refurbishedrepaired railcars are completed, accepted by an unaffiliated customer and contractual contingencies removed. Marine revenues are either recognized on the percentage of completion method during the construction period or on the completed contract method based on the terms of the contract. Cash payments received in advance prior to meeting revenue recognition criteria are accounted for in deferredDeferred revenue. Direct finance lease revenue is recognized over the lease term in a manner that produces a constant rate of return on the net investment in the lease. Operating lease revenue is recognized as earned under the lease terms. Certain leases are operated under car hire arrangements whereby revenue is earned based on utilization, car hire rates and terms specified in the lease agreement. Car hire revenue is reported from a third party source two months in arrears; however, such revenue is accrued in the month earned based on estimates of use from historical activity and is adjusted to actual as reported. Such adjustments historically have not differed significantly from the estimate.

Interest and foreign exchange -Includes foreign exchange gains and losses, amortization of loan fee expense, accretion of debt discounts gains from extinguishment of debt and external interest expense.

             
  Years Ended August 31, 
(In thousands) 2010  2009  2008 
Interest and foreign exchange:            
Interest and other expense $36,214  $35,669  $38,612 
Accretion of term loan debt discount  4,377   1,117    
Accretion of convertible debt discount  3,771   3,831   3,550 
Gain on debt extinguishment  (3,218)      
Write-off of fees and debt discount on debt prepayment  1,148   1,300    
Foreign exchange loss  842   3,995   2,158 
             
  $ 43,134  $ 45,912  $ 44,320 
             

   Years ended August 31, 
(In thousands)  2011   2010   2009 

Interest and foreign exchange:

      

Interest and other expense

  $30,155    $36,214    $35,669  

Accretion of term loan debt discount

   3,564     4,377     1,117  

Accretion of discount on convertible debt due 2026

   3,021     3,771     3,831  

Foreign exchange loss

   252     842     3,995  

 

 
  $36,992    $45,204    $44,612  

 

 

40The Greenbrier Companies 2011 Annual Report


Research and development-Research and development costs are expensed as incurred. Research and development costs incurred for new product development during the years ended August 31, 2011, 2010 and 2009 and 2008 were $3.0 million, $2.6 million and $1.7 million and $2.9 million.

Forward exchange contracts-Foreign operations give rise to risks from changes in foreign currency exchange rates. Forward exchange contracts with established financial institutions are utilized to hedge a portion of such risk. Realized and unrealized gains and losses are deferred in other comprehensive income (loss) and recognized in

40The Greenbrier Companies 2010 Annual Report


earnings concurrent with the hedged transaction or when the occurrence of the hedged transaction is no longer considered probable. Ineffectiveness is measured and any gain or loss is recognized in foreign exchange gain or loss. Even though forward exchange contracts are entered into to mitigate the impact of currency fluctuations, certain exposure remains, which may affect operating results. In addition, there is risk for counterparty non-performance.

Interest rate instruments-Interest rate swap agreements are utilized to reduce the impact of changes in interest rates on certain debt. The net cash amounts paid or received under the agreements are accrued and recognized as an adjustment to interest expense.

Net earnings per share-Basic earnings per common share (EPS) excludes the potential dilution that would occur if additional shares were issued upon exercise of outstanding stock options and warrants while dilutedor conversion of bonds. Diluted EPS takes this potential dilution into accountis calculated using the most dilutive of two approaches. The first approach includes only the dilutive effect of outstanding warrants in the share count using the treasury stock method.

The second approach supplements the first by including the “if converted” effect of the 2018 Convertible notes. Under the “if converted” method debt issuance and interest costs associated with the convertible notes are added back to net earnings and the share count is increased by the shares underlying the convertible notes. The 2026 Convertible notes would only be included in the calculation of both approaches if the current stock price is greater than the initial conversion price using the treasury stock method.

Stock-based compensation-All stock options were vested prior to September 1, 2005 and accordingly no compensation expense was recognized for stock options for the years ended August 31, 2010, 2009 and 2008. The value, at the date of grant, of stock awarded under restricted stock grants is amortized as compensation expense over the lesser of the vesting period of threeone to five years.years or to the recipients eligible retirement date. Compensation expense recognized related to restricted stock grants for the years ended August 31, 2011, 2010 and 2009 and 2008 was $7.1 million, $5.8 million and $5.1 million and $3.9 million.

Management estimates-The preparation of financial statements in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United StatesU.S. requires judgment on the part of management to arrive at estimates and assumptions on matters that are inherently uncertain. These estimates may affect the amount of assets, liabilities, revenue and expenses reported in the financial statements and accompanying notes and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities within the financial statements. Estimates and assumptions are periodically evaluated and may be adjusted in future periods. Actual results could differ from those estimates.

Reclassifications - Certain reclassifications have been made to the accompanying prior period Consolidated Financial Statements to conform to the 2011 presentation. The effect of such reclassifications on the Consolidated Balance Sheet as of August 31, 2010 was to increase Inventories by $19.0 million (from $185.6 million as previously reported to $204.6 million) and to reduce Assets held for sale by $19.0 million (from $31.8 million as previously reported to $12.8 million). The “Assets held for sale” caption, after such reclassification, has been re-titled “Leased railcars for syndication.” For the Consolidated Statements of Operations, the loss (gain) on extinguishment of debt (a gain of $2.1 million for the year ended August 31, 2010 and a loss of $1.3 million for the year ended August 31, 2009) previously included within the line item “Interest and foreign exchange” has been reclassified to a separate line item captioned “Loss (gain) on extinguishment of debt”.

Change in Presentation to Prior Year Financial Statements - Historically, the Company has reported Gain on disposition of equipment as a net amount in Revenue. The Company has changed its financial statement presentation to now report these amounts as a separate line item captioned “Gain on disposition of equipment”, which is a component of operating income below margin. This change in presentation resulted in a decrease in Revenue and corresponding increase in Gain on disposition of equipment of $8.2 million for the year ended

The Greenbrier Companies 2011 Annual Report41


August 31, 2010 and $1.9 million for the year ended August 31, 2009 Such change in presentation did not result in any change to Net earnings (loss) attributable to Greenbrier.

Initial Adoption of Accounting Policies - - In December 2007,June 2009, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (FASB) issued Statement of Financial Accounting Standards (SFAS) No. 141R,Business Combinations. This statement, which has been codified within Accounting Standards Codification (ASC) 805,Business Combinations, establishes the principles and requirements for how an acquirer recognizes and measures the assets acquired, liabilities assumed, and noncontrolling interest; recognizes and measures goodwill; and identifies disclosures. This statement was effective for the Company for business combinations entered into on or after September 1, 2009.

In December 2007, the FASB issued SFAS No. 160,Noncontrolling Interests in Consolidated Financial Statements — an amendment of ARB No. 51. This statement, which has been codified within ASC 810,Consolidations, establishes reporting standards for noncontrolling interests in subsidiaries. This statement changed the presentation of noncontrolling interests in subsidiaries in the financial statements for the Company beginning September 1, 2009 and the presentation and disclosure has been retrospectively applied for all periods presented.
In May 2008, the FASB issued FSP APB14-1,Accounting for Convertible Debt Instruments That May Be Settled in Cash upon Conversion (Including Partial Cash Settlement).This guidance specifies that issuers of such instruments should separately account for the liability and equity components in a manner that will reflect the entity’s nonconvertible debt borrowing rate when interest cost is recognized in subsequent periods. This guidance, which has been codified within ASC 470, Debt, was effective for the Company beginning September 1, 2009 with respect to its outstanding convertible debt. This guidance required retrospective adjustments for all periods the Company had the convertible debt outstanding.
The Greenbrier Companies 2010 Annual Report41 


The retrospective application of this guidance adjusted Interest and foreign exchange and Net earnings (loss) attributable to Greenbrier and earnings (loss) per share for 2009 and 2008 as indicated in the following tables (in thousands, except per share amounts):
                 
  Year Ended August 31, 2009
    Net loss
    
  Interest and Foreign
 Attributable to
 Basic Loss per
 Diluted Loss per
  Exchange Greenbrier Common Share Common Share
Previously reported $ 42,081  $ (54,060) $ (3.21) $ (3.21)
Adjustment  3,831   (2,331)  (0.14)  (0.14)
                 
Revised $45,912  $(56,391) $(3.35) $(3.35)
                 
                 
  Year Ended August 31, 2008
    Net Earnings
 Basic Earnings
 Diluted Earnings
  Interest and Foreign
 Attributable to
 per Common
 per Common
  Exchange Greenbrier Share Share
Previously reported $ 40,770  $ 19,542  $1.19  $1.19 
Adjustment  3,550   (2,159)  (0.13)   (0.13)
                 
Revised $44,320  $17,383  $1.06  $1.06 
                 
The retrospective application of this guidance adjusted the Consolidated Balance Sheet as of August 31, 2009 as follows (in thousands):
                 
  August 31, 2009
  Deferred Income
   Additional Paid-
 Retained
  Taxes Notes Payable in Capital Earnings
Previously reported $ 62,530  $ 542,180  $ 99,645  $ 123,492 
Adjustment  6,669   (17,031)  17,415   (7,053)
                 
Revised $69,199  $525,149  $117,060  $116,439 
                 
Prospective Accounting Changes-In June 2009, the FASB issued SFAS No. 167,Amendments to FASB Interpretation No. 46(R)which provides guidance with respect to consolidation of variable interest entities. entities.This statement retains the scope of Interpretation 46(R) with the addition of entities previously considered qualifying special-purpose entities, as the concept of these entities was eliminated in SFAS No. 166,Accounting for Transfers of Financial Assets. This statement replaces the quantitative-based risks and rewards calculation for determining the primary beneficiary of a variable interest entity. The approach focuses on identifying which enterprise has the power to direct activities that most significantly impact the entity’s economic performance and the obligation to absorb the losses or receive the benefits from the entity. It is possible that application of this revised guidance will change an enterprise’s assessment of involvement with variable interest entities. This statement, which has been codified within ASCAccounting Standards Codification (ASC) 810,Consolidations, was effective for the Company as of September 1, 2010. The initial adoption did not have an effect on the Company’s Consolidated Financial Statements.
Note 3 -Special Items

Prospective Accounting Changes - In June 2011, an accounting standard update was issued regarding the presentation of other comprehensive income in the financial statements. The standard eliminated the option of presenting other comprehensive income as part of the statement of changes in equity and instead requires the Company to present other comprehensive income as either a single statement of comprehensive income combined with net income or as two separate but continuous statements. This amendment will be effective for the Company as of September 1, 2012. The Company currently reports other comprehensive income in the Consolidated Statement of Equity and Comprehensive Income (Loss) and will be required to change the presentation of comprehensive income to be in compliance with the new standard.

In September 2011, an accounting standard update was issued regarding the annual goodwill impairment testing. This amendment is intended to reduce the cost and complexity of the annual goodwill impairment test by providing entities an option to perform a qualitative assessment to determine whether further impairment testing is necessary. This amendment will be effective for the Company as of September 1, 2013. However, early adoption is permitted if an entity’s financial statements for the most recent annual or interim period have not yet been issued. This amendment impacts testing steps only, and therefore adoption will not have an effect on the Company’s Consolidated Financial Statements.

Note 3 - Special Items

In April 2007, the Company’s board of directors approved the permanent closure of the Company’s then Canadian railcar manufacturing subsidiary, TrentonWorks Ltd. (TrentonWorks). As a result of the facility closure decision, charges of $2.3 million were recorded in Special items during 2008 consisting of severance costs and professional and other expenses. In March 2008, Trenton Works filed for bankruptcy. During the fourth quarter of 2010, the bankruptcy was resolved and the Company recorded income of $11.9 million in Special items. See Note 4 — De-consolidation of Subsidiary.

42The Greenbrier Companies 2010 Annual Report


In May 2009, the Company recorded charges of $55.7 million in Special items associated with the impairment of goodwill. These charges consist of $1.3 million in the Manufacturing segment, $3.1 million in the Leasing & Services segment and $51.3 million in the Wheel Services, Refurbishment & Parts segment.
Note 4 -De-consolidation of Subsidiary
On March 13, 2008 TrentonWorks filed for bankruptcy with the Office of the Superintendent of Bankruptcy Canada whereby the assets of TrentonWorks were administered and liquidated by an appointed trustee. Under generally accepted accounting principles, consolidation is generally required for investments of more than 50% ownership, except when control is not held by the majority owner. Under these principles, bankruptcy represents a condition which may preclude consolidation in instances where control rests with the bankruptcy court and trustee, rather than the majority owner. As a result, the Company discontinued consolidating TrentonWorks’ financial statements beginning on March 13, 2008 and reported its investment in TrentonWorks using the cost method. Under the cost method, the investment was reflected as a single amount on the Company’s Consolidated Balance Sheet.De-consolidation resulted in a negative investment in the subsidiary of $15.3 million which was included as a liability on the Company’s Consolidated Balance Sheet titled Losses in excess of investment in de-consolidated subsidiary. In addition, a $3.4 million loss was included in Accumulated other comprehensive loss. In the fourth quarter of fiscal 2010, the bankruptcy was resolved upon liquidation of substantially all remaining assets of TrentonWorks by the bankruptcy trustee. The resolution of the bankruptcy and associated release of obligations resulted in the recognition of $11.9 million of income in 2010, consisting of the reversal of the $15.3 million liability, net of the $3.4 million other comprehensive loss. This income was recorded in Special items on the Consolidated Statement of Operations.

Note 5 -Inventories
         
  Years Ended August 31, 
(In thousands) 2010  2009 
Manufacturing supplies and raw materials $ 119,306  $ 113,935 
Work-in-process  70,394   33,771 
Lower of cost or market adjustment  (4,096)  (4,882)
         
  $185,604  $142,824 
         
             
  Years Ended August 31, 
(In thousands) 2010  2009  2008 
Lower of cost or market adjustment
            
Balance at beginning of period $4,882  $4,999  $3,807 
Charge to cost of revenue  1,698   2,340   4,567 
Disposition of inventory   (2,249)   (1,896)   (3,636)
Currency translation effect  (235)  (561)  261 
             
Balance at end of period
 $4,096  $4,882  $4,999 
             
Note 6 -Assets Held for Sale
         
  Years Ended August 31, 
(In thousands) 2010  2009 
Railcars held for sale $12,804  $13,625 
Railcars in transit to customer  2,451   192 
Finished goods – parts  16,571   17,894 
         
  $ 31,826  $ 31,711 
         
42The Greenbrier Companies 20102011 Annual Report43 


Note 7 -Investment in Direct Finance Leases
         
  Years Ended August 31, 
(In thousands) 2010  2009 
Future minimum receipts on lease contracts $2,647  $13,913 
Maintenance, insurance, and taxes  (4)  (319)
         
Net minimum lease receipts  2,643   13,594 
Estimated residual values  234   1,399 
Unearned finance charges   (1,082)   (7,003)
         
  $1,795  $7,990 
         
Future minimum receipts


Note 4 - Loss (Gain) on Extinguishment of Debt

The results of operations for the year ended August 31, 2011 include a loss on extinguishment of debt of $15.7 million. During the third quarter the Company recorded a $10.1 million loss on extinguishment of debt associated with the write-off of unamortized debt issuance costs of $2.9 million and prepayment premiums and other costs of $7.2 million due to the full retirement of the $235.0 million senior unsecured notes. During the fourth quarter the Company recorded a loss on extinguishment of debt of $5.6 million consisting of the write-off of unamortized loan fees of $1.7 million and a debt discount of $3.9 million due to the full retirement of a $71.8 million term loan.

The results of operations for the year ended August 31, 2010 include a gain on extinguishment of debt of $2.1 million. This includes a $3.2 million gain associated with the early retirement of $32.3 million of convertible senior notes, partially offset by $1.1 million for the proportionate write-off of loan fees and debt discount related to the early repayments on the direct financeconvertible note and a certain term loan.

The results from operations for the year ended August 31, 2009 include a loss on extinguishment of debt of $1.3 million. This includes $0.9 million acceleration of loan fee amortization associated with the reduction in size of the North American revolving credit facility and $0.4 million to break interest rate swaps associated with the voluntary prepayment of approximately $6.1 million of certain term loans.

Note 5 - Inventories

     Years ended August 31, 
(In thousands)    2011   2010 

Manufacturing supplies and raw materials

    $231,798    $119,306  

Work-in-process

     78,709     70,394  

Finished goods

     17,455     19,022  

Excess and obsolete adjustment

     (4,450   (4,096

 

 
    $323,512    $204,626  

 

 

     Years ended August 31, 
(In thousands)    2011     2010     2009 

Excess and obsolete adjustment

            

Balance at beginning of period

    $  4,096      $4,882      $4,999  

Charge to cost of revenue

     1,202       1,698       2,340  

Disposition of inventory

     (995     (2,249     (1,896

Currency translation effect

     147       (235     (561

 

 

Balance at end of period

    $4,450      $4,096      $4,882  

 

 

Note 6 - Leased Railcars for Syndication

Leased railcars for syndication consist of newly-built railcars, manufactured at one of the Company’s facilities, which have been placed on lease contractsto a customer and which the Company intends to sell to an investor with the lease attached. These railcars are not depreciated and are anticipated to be sold within six months of delivery of the last railcar on the underlying lease. The Company does not believe any economic value of a railcar is lost in the first six months; therefore the Company does not depreciate these assets. In the event the railcars are not sold, the railcars are transferred to Equipment on operating leases and depreciated. As of August 31, 2011 Leased railcars for syndication were $30.7 million compared to $12.8 million as follows:

     
(In thousands)   
Year ending August 31,    
2011 $397 
2012  396 
2013  309 
2014  309 
2015  309 
Thereafter  927 
     
  $ 2,647 
     
of August 31, 2010.

Note 87 - Equipment on Operating Leases, net

Equipment on operating leases is reported net of accumulated depreciation of $85.0$94.8 million and $79.8$85.0 million as of August 31, 2011 and 2010. Depreciation expense was $12.9 million, $12.4 million and $12.3 million as of August 31, 2011, 2010 and 2009. In addition, certain railcar equipment leased-in by the Company on operating

The Greenbrier Companies 2011 Annual Report43


leases (see Note 2524 Lease Commitments) is subleased to customers under non-cancelablenon- cancelable operating leases. Aggregate minimum future amounts receivable under all non-cancelable operating leases and subleases are as follows:

     
(In thousands)   
Year ending August 31,    
2011 $ 27,145 
2012  19,686 
2013  11,035 
2014  9,305 
2015  6,634 
Thereafter  17,037 
     
  $90,842 
     

(In thousands)     

Year ending August 31,

  

2012

  $25,396  

2013

   14,600  

2014

   12,331  

2015

   9,141  

2016

   5,081  

Thereafter

   9,872  

 

 
  $76,421  

 

 

Certain equipment is also operated under daily, monthly or car hire utilization arrangements. Associated revenue amounted to $18.7 million, $18.4 million $22.8 million and $28.4$22.8 million for the years ended August 31, 2011, 2010 2009 and 2008.

44The Greenbrier Companies 2010 Annual Report
2009.


Note 98 - Property, Plant and Equipment, net

         
  Years Ended August 31, 
(In thousands) 2010  2009 
Land and improvements $25,539  $20,324 
Machinery and equipment  163,351   163,444 
Buildings and improvements  72,727   76,970 
Other  42,893   23,927 
         
   304,510   284,665 
Accumulated depreciation   (171,896)   (156,691)
         
  $132,614  $127,974 
         

   Years ended August 31, 
(In thousands)  2011  2010 

Land and improvements

  $31,682   $25,539  

Machinery and equipment

   181,161    163,351  

Buildings and improvements

   82,668    72,727  

Other

   59,136    42,893  

 

 
   354,647    304,510  

Accumulated depreciation

   (193,447  (171,896

 

 
  $161,200   $132,614  

 

 

Depreciation expense was $20.7 million, $20.5 million and $20.7 million as of August 31, 2011, 2010 and 2009.

Note 109 - Goodwill

The Company performs a goodwill impairment test annually during the third quarter. Goodwill is also tested more frequently if changes in circumstances or the occurrence of events indicates that a potential impairment exists. The provisions of ASC 350,Intangibles Goodwill and Other, require the Company to perform a two-step impairment test on goodwill. In the first step, the Company compares the fair value of each reporting unit with its carrying value. The Company determines the fair value of ourthe reporting units based on a weighting of income and market approaches. Under the income approach, the Company calculates the fair value of a reporting unit based on the present value of estimated future cash flows. Under the market approach, the Company estimates the fair value based on observed market multiples for comparable businesses. The second step of the goodwill impairment test is required only in situations where the carrying value of the reporting unit exceeds its fair value as determined in the first step. In the second step the Company would compare the implied fair value of goodwill to its carrying value. The implied fair value of goodwill is determined by allocating the fair value of a reporting unit to all of the assets and liabilities of that unit as if the reporting unit had been acquired in a business combination and the fair value of the reporting unit was the price paid to acquire the reporting unit. The excess of the fair value of a reporting unit over the amounts assigned to its assets and liabilities is the implied fair value of goodwill. An impairment loss is recorded to the extent that the carrying amount of the reporting unit goodwill exceeds the implied fair value of that goodwill. The goodwill balance, net of cumulative write-downs of $55.7 million, as of August 31, 20102011 and 20092010 was $137.1 million. The remaining balancemillion and relates to the Wheel Services, Refurbishment & Parts segment. Goodwill was tested asduring the third quarter of February 28, 20102011 and the Company concluded that goodwill was not impaired.

44The Greenbrier Companies 2011 Annual Report


In May 2009, the Company recorded charges of $55.7 million associated with the impairment of goodwill. These charges consist of $1.3 million in the Manufacturing segment, $3.1 million in the Leasing & Services segment and $51.3 million in the Wheel Services, Refurbishment & Parts segment.

Note 1110 - Intangibles and Other Assets, net

Intangible assets that are determined to have finite lives are amortized over their useful lives. Intangible assets with indefinite useful lives are not amortized and are periodically evaluated for impairment.

The following table summarizes the Company’s identifiable intangible and other assets balance:

         
  Years Ended August 31, 
(In thousands) 2010  2009 
Intangible assets subject to amortization:        
Customer relationships $66,825  $ 66,825 
Accumulated amortization   (13,701)   (9,549)
Other intangibles  5,003   5,187 
Accumulated amortization  (2,845)  (2,289)
         
   55,282   60,174 
         
Intangible assets not subject to amortization  912   912 
Prepaid and other assets  34,485   35,816 
         
  $90,679  $96,902 
         
The Greenbrier Companies 2010 Annual Report45 


   Years ended August 31, 
(In thousands)      2011          2010     

Intangible assets subject to amortization:

   

Customer relationships

  $66,825   $66,825  

Accumulated amortization

   (17,854  (13,701

Other intangibles

   5,185    5,003  

Accumulated amortization

   (3,475  (2,845

 

 
   50,681    55,282  

 

 

Intangible assets not subject to amortization

   912    912  

Prepaid and other assets

   8,692    7,965  

Debt issuance costs

   12,516    9,975  

Nonqualified savings plan investments

   6,326    6,489  

Investment in unconsolidated affiliates

   5,769    5,300  

Contract placement fee

   2,259    4,756  

Investment in direct finance leases

   113    1,795  

 

 
  $87,268   $92,474  

 

 

Intangible assets with finite lives are amortized using the straight line method over their estimated useful lives and include the following: proprietary technology, 10 years; trade names, 5 years; patents, 11 years; and long-term customer agreements and relationships, 5 to 20 years. Amortization expense for the year ended August 31, 2011 was $4.7 million and $4.8 million for each of the years ended August 31, 2010 2009 and 2008 was $4.8 million, $4.8 million and $3.7 million.2009. Amortization expense for the years ending August 31, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014, 2015 and 20152016 is expected to be $4.7 million, $4.5$4.6 million, $4.4 million, $4.3 million, $4.3 million and $4.3 million.

Note 1211 - Investment in Unconsolidated Affiliates

In April 2010, WLR - WLR–Greenbrier Rail Inc. (WLR-GBX) was formed and acquired a lease fleet of nearly 4,000 railcars valued at approximately $230.0$256.0 million. WLR-GBX is wholly owned by affiliates of WL Ross.Ross & Co., LLC (WL Ross). The Company paid a $6.1 million contract placement fee to WLR-GBX for the right to perform certain management and advisory services and in exchange will receive management and other fee income and incentive compensation tied to the performance of WLR-GBX. The contract placement fee is accounted for under the equity method and is recorded in Intangibles and other assets on the Consolidated Balance Sheet.

WLR-GBX qualifies The contract placement fee balance as a variable interest entity under ASC 810,Consolidations.of August 31, 2011 was $2.3 million. While the Company acts as asset manager to WLR-GBX, it is not the primary beneficiary. The Company has no authority to make decisions regarding key business activities that most significantly impact the entity’s economic performance, such as asset re-marketing and disposition activities, which requires the approval of affiliates of WL Ross.

Summarized financial data for WLR-GBX:

   Years ended August 31, 
(In thousands)      2011           2010     

Current assets

  $7,073    $2,939  

Total assets

  $253,365    $255,889  

Current liabilities

  $5,067    $2,839  

Equity

  $10,821    $18,573  

The Greenbrier Companies 2011 Annual Report45


   Years ended August 31, 
(In thousands)      2011          2010          2009     

Revenue

  $17,943   $5,629   $        –  

Net loss

  $(5,997 $(3,494 $  

In June 2003, the Company acquired a 33% minority ownership interest in Ohio Castings LLC, a joint venture which produces castings for freight cars. This joint venture is accounted for under the equity method and the investment is included in Intangibles and other assets on the Consolidated Balance Sheets. The investment balance as of August 31, 2011 was $5.8 million. The facility has beenwas temporarily idled and expects to restart production when demand returns.during the economic downturn, but was re-opened during the third quarter of 2011. The Company, along with the other partners, has made additional investments during fiscal year 2010,2011, of which the Company’s share of which was $0.9$2.3 million. Additional investments maywill likely be required.

required as production increases.

Summarized financial data for the castings joint venture is as follows:

   Years ended August 31, 
(In thousands)      2011           2010     

Current assets

  $7,887    $2,455  

Total assets

  $18,532    $14,205  

Current liabilities

  $5,104    $1,535  

Equity

  $12,934    $11,682  

   Years ended August 31, 
(In thousands)  2011  2010  2009 

Revenue

  $5,813   $   $34,028  

Net loss

  $(5,648 $(2,897 $(2,827

Note 1312 - Revolving Notes

All amounts originating in foreign currency have been translated at the August 31, 2010 exchange rate for the following discussion.

As of August 31, 20102011 senior secured credit facilities, consisting of twothree components, aggregated $111.1$285.9 million. As of August 31, 20102011 a $100.0$245.0 million revolving line of credit secured by substantially all the Company’s assets in the United StatesU.S. not otherwise pledged as security for term loans, maturing November 2011,June 2016, was available to provide working capital and interim financing of equipment, principally for the United StatesU.S. and Mexican operations. Advances under this facility bear interest at variable rates that depend on the type of borrowing and the defined ratio of debt to total capitalization. Available borrowings under the credit facility are generally based on defined levels of inventory, receivables, property, plant and equipment and leased equipment, as well as total debt to consolidated capitalization and interestfixed charges coverage ratios. In addition, as of August 31, 2010,2011, lines of credit totaling $11.1$20.9 million secured by substantially allcertain of the Company’s European assets, with various variable rates, were available for working capital needs of the European manufacturing operation. European credit facilities are continually being renewed. Currently these European credit facilities have maturities that range from April 20112012 through June 2011. Subsequent to year end,December 2012. In addition, the Company’s Mexican joint venture renewed itshas a line of credit of up to $10.0$20.0 million secured by certain of the joint venture’s accounts receivable and inventory. Advances under this facility bear interest at LIBOR plus 2.5% and are due 180 days after the date of borrowing. Currently theThe outstanding advances as of August 31, 2011 have maturities that range from October 2011 to February 2012. The Mexican joint venture will be able to draw against the facility through August 2011.

July 2012.

As of August 31, 20102011 outstanding borrowings under these facilities consists of $3.6$4.3 million in letters of credit and $60.0 million in revolving notes outstanding under the North American credit facility, and $2.6$15.2 million in revolving notes outstanding under the European credit facilities.

facilities and $15.1 million outstanding under the Mexican joint venture credit facility.

On November 2, 2011 the North American revolving line of credit was increased by $15 million to a total of $260 million under the existing provisions of the credit agreement.

46The Greenbrier Companies 20102011 Annual Report


Note 1413 - Accounts Payable and Accrued Liabilities

         
  Years Ended August 31, 
(In thousands) 2010  2009 
Trade payables $ 141,767  $ 128,807 
Accrued payroll and related liabilities  19,025   16,332 
Accrued maintenance  12,460   16,206 
Accrued warranty  6,304   8,184 
Other  2,082   1,360 
         
  $181,638  $170,889 
         

   Years ended August 31, 
(In thousands)      2011           2010     

Trade payables and other accrued liabilities

  $267,683    $141,767  

Accrued payroll and related liabilities

   26,757     19,025  

Accrued maintenance

   10,865     12,460  

Accrued warranty

   8,645     6,304  

Other

   2,586     2,082  

 

 
  $316,536    $181,638  

 

 

Note 1514 - Maintenance and Warranty Accruals

             
  Years Ended August 31, 
(In thousands) 2010  2009  2008 
Accrued maintenance
            
Balance at beginning of period $16,206  $17,067  $20,498 
Charged to cost of revenue  13,581   17,005   17,720 
Payments   (17,327)   (17,866)   (21,151)
             
Balance at end of period $12,460  $16,206  $17,067 
             
Accrued warranty
            
Balance at beginning of period $8,184  $11,873  $15,911 
Charged to cost of revenue  425   32   2,808 
Payments  (2,252)  (3,193)  (5,655)
Currency translation effect  (53)  (528)  956 
De-consolidation effect        (2,147)
             
Balance at end of period $6,304  $8,184  $11,873 
             

   Years ended August 31, 
(In thousands)  2011  2010  2009 

Accrued maintenance

    

Balance at beginning of period

  $12,460   $16,206   $17,067  

Charged to cost of revenue

   12,034    13,581    17,005  

Payments

   (13,629  (17,327  (17,866

 

 

Balance at end of period

  $10,865   $12,460   $16,206  

 

 

Accrued warranty

    

Balance at beginning of period

  $6,304   $8,184   $11,873  

Charged to cost of revenue

   3,856    425    32  

Payments

   (1,547  (2,252  (3,193

Currency translation effect

   32    (53  (528

 

 

Balance at end of period

  $8,645   $6,304   $8,184  

 

 

Note 1615 - Notes Payable

         
  Years Ended August 31, 
(In thousands) 2010  2009 
Senior unsecured notes $ 235,000  $ 235,000 
Convertible senior notes  67,724   100,000 
Term loans  212,019   219,075 
Other notes payable  176   398 
         
   514,919   554,473 
Debt discount net of accretion  (16,219)  (29,324)
         
  $498,700  $525,149 
         
Senior unsecured

   Years ended August 31, 
(In thousands)      2011          2010     

Convertible senior notes, due 2018

  $230,000   $  

Convertible senior notes, due 2026

   67,724    67,724  

Term loans

   137,040    212,019  

Senior unsecured notes

       235,000  

Other notes payable

   90    176  

 

 
   434,854    514,919  

Debt discount on convertible senior notes due 2026, net of accretion

   (5,714  (8,735

Debt discount on warrants, net of accretion

       (7,484

 

 
  $429,140   $498,700  

 

 

Convertible senior notes, due 2015,2018, bear interest at a fixed rate of 83/8%3.5%, paid semi-annually in arrears on May 15April 1thstand November 15October 1thst of each year. Payment. The convertible notes will mature on theApril 1, 2018, unless earlier repurchased by Greenbrier or converted in accordance with their terms. The convertible notes is guaranteed by substantially allare senior unsecured obligations and rank equally with other senior unsecured debt. The convertible notes are convertible into shares of the Company’s domestic subsidiaries.

Convertible senior notes, due 2026, bear interest at a fixed rate of 23/8%, paid semi-annually in arrears on May 15th and November 15th. The Company will also pay contingent interest of3/8% on the notes in certain circumstances commencing with the six-month period beginning May 15, 2013. Payment on the convertible notes is guaranteed by substantially all of the Company’s domestic subsidiaries. The convertible senior notes will be convertible upon the occurrence of specified events into cash and shares, if any, of Greenbrier’s common stock, at an initial conversion
The Greenbrier Companies 2010 Annual Report47 


rate of 20.812526.2838 shares per $1,000 principal amount of the notes (which is equal to an initial conversion price of $48.05$38.05 per share). The initial conversion rate isand conversion price are subject to adjustment upon the occurrence of certain events, such as defined.distributions, dividends or stock splits. There were $7.9 million in debt issuance costs, included in Intangibles and other assets on the Consolidated Balance Sheets, which will be amortized using the effective interest method. The amortization expense is being included in Interest and foreign exchange on the Consolidated Statements of Operations.

The Greenbrier Companies 2011 Annual Report47


Convertible senior notes, due 2026, bear interest at a fixed rate of 2 3/8%, paid semi-annually in arrears on May 15th and November 15th. The Company will also pay contingent interest of 3/8% on the notes in certain circumstances commencing with the six-month period beginning May 15, 2013. On or after May 15, 2013, Greenbrier may redeem all or a portion of the notes at a redemption price equal to 100% of the principal amount of the notes plus accrued and unpaid interest. On May 15, 2013, May 15, 2016 and May 15, 2021 andor in the event of certain fundamental changes, holders maycan require the Company to repurchase all or a portion of their notes at a price equal to 100% of the principal amount of the notes plus accrued and unpaid interest. During fiscal 2010, the Company retired $32.3 million ofPayment on the convertible notes earlyis guaranteed by substantially all of the Company’s material domestic subsidiaries. The convertible senior notes are convertible upon the occurrence of specified events into cash and realized a gainshares, if any, of $3.2Greenbrier’s common stock at an initial conversion rate of 20.8125 shares per $1,000 principal amount of the notes (which is equal to an initial conversion price of $48.05 per share). The initial conversion rate is subject to adjustment upon the occurrence of certain events, as defined. The value of the equity component was $14.9 million which was recorded as Interestof August 31, 2011 and foreign exchange in the Consolidated Statement of Operations.2010. The debt discount associated with the convertible senior notes is being accreted using the effective interest rate method through May 2013 and the accretion expense is being included in Interest and foreign exchange on the Consolidated Statements of Operations. The pre-tax accretion of the debt discount was $3.0 million for the year ended August 31, 2011 and $3.8 million for the years ended August 31, 2010 and 2009. The accretion is expected to be approximately $3.0 million in the year ending August 31, 2011, $3.3 million infor the year ending August 31, 2012 and $2.5 million infor the year ending August 31, 2013.

Term loans are primarily comprised of:

On March 30, 2007, the Company issued a $100.0 million

A senior term note with an initial balance of $100.0 million, secured by a pool of leased railcars.railcars, maturing in March 2014. The note bears a floating interest rate of LIBOR plus 1% with principal of $0.7 million paid quarterly in arrears and a balloon payment of $81.8 million due at the endmaturity. The principal balance as of August 31, 2011 was $88.5 million. An interest rate swap agreement was entered into, on fifty percent of the seven-year loan term. On May 9, 2008,initial balance, to swap the Company issued an additional $50.0floating interest rate of LIBOR plus 1% to a fixed rate of 4.24%. At August 31, 2011, the notional amount of the agreement was $44.3 million and matures in March 2014.

A senior term note with an initial balance of $50.0 million, secured by a pool of leased railcars.railcars, maturing in May 2015. The note bears a floating interest rate of LIBOR plus 1% with principal of $0.3 million paid quarterly in arrears and a balloon payment of $41.2 million due at the end of the seven-year loan term. An interest rate swap agreement was entered into to swap the floating interest rate of LIBOR plus 1% to a fixed rate of 4.24%. At August 31, 2010, the notional amount of the agreement was $45.6 million and matures in March 2014. On June 10, 2009, the Company issued a $75.0 million term loan, maturing in June 2012, which is principally secured by certain assets including all of a subsidiary’s assets.maturity. The loan contains no financial covenants, isnon-amortizing and requires mandatory prepayments under certain circumstances. Theprincipal balance as of August 31, 20102011 was $46.0 million.

A term loan with an initial balance of $75.0 million was repaid in full during the fourth quarter of 2011. The balance at the time of repayment was $71.8 million and has a variable interest rate of LIBOR plus 3.5% paid quarterly in arrears with a balloon payment due at the end of the three-year loan term.million. In connection with the loan, the Company issued warrants to purchase 3.3783.401 million shares of its common stock at $6$5.96 per share, both subject to adjustment in certain circumstances. The warrants have a five-year term.term which expires June 2014. The warrants were valued at $13.4 million, and recorded as a debt discount (reducing Notes payable) and Additional paid-in capital (increasing Stockholders’Total equity Greenbrier) on the Consolidated Balance Sheet. This debt discount will be accretedwas amortized and recorded as Interest and foreign exchange in the Statements of Operations over the lifeuntil repayment of the loan. The accretionamortization of the debt discount was $3.6 million, $4.8 million and $1.1 million for the years ended August 31, 2011, 2010 and 2009. Accretion is expected to be $4.3In conjunction with the repayment of the loan, the remaining debt discount of $3.9 million and $1.7 million for the year endingwrite-off of unamortized debt issuance costs were charged to Loss (gain) on extinguishment of debt.

Other term loans consist of:

A term loan with an initial balance of $1.8 million maturing in October 2013. The note bears a floating interest rate of LIBOR plus 2.5% with principal of $0.2 million paid semi-annually in arrears. The balance as of August 31, 2011 was $1.0 million.

A term loan with an initial balance of $1.2 million maturing in December 2012. The note bears a floating interest rate of LIBOR plus 4% with a balloon payment due at maturity. The balance as of August 31, 2011 was $1.2 million.

A term loan with an initial balance of $0.3 million maturing in November 2015. The note is interest free with principal of $3 thousand paid monthly in arrears and $3.2a balloon payment of $0.2 million. The balance as of August 31, 2011 was $0.3 million.

During the third quarter of 2011, the Company retired the full $235.0 million of 8 3/8% senior unsecured notes and recorded $10.1 million as Loss on extinguishment of debt comprised of $2.9 million for the year ending August 31, 2012.

write-off of unamortized debt issuance costs and $7.2 million for prepayment premiums.

48The Greenbrier Companies 2011 Annual Report


The notes payable, along with the revolving and operating lines of credit, along with notes payable, contain certain covenants with respect to the Company and various subsidiaries, the most restrictive of which, among other things, limit the ability to: incur additional indebtedness or guarantees; pay dividends or repurchase stock; enter into sale leaseback transactions; create liens; sell assets; engage in transactions with affiliates, including joint ventures and non U.S. subsidiaries, including but not limited to loans, advances, equity investments and guarantees; enter into mergers, consolidations or sales of substantially all the Company’s assets; and enter into new lines of business. The covenants also require certain maximum ratios of debt to total capitalization and minimum levels of fixed charges (interest and rent) coverage.

Principal payments on the notes payable are expected as follows:

     
(In thousands)   
Year ending August 31,    
2011 $4,565 
2012  76,320 
2013  72,219 
2014  84,710 
2015  276,933 
Thereafter  172 
     
  $ 514,919 
     

(In thousands)  Year ending August 31, 

2012

  $4,570  

2013(1)

   73,469  

2014

   84,710  

2015

   41,933  

2016

   172  

Thereafter

   230,000  
  
  $434,854  
  
48(1)

The Greenbrier Companies 2010 Annual Report

repayment of the $67.7 million of Convertible senior notes due 2026 is assumed to occur in 2013, which is the first date holders can require the Company to repurchase all or a portion of the notes.


Note 1716 - Derivative Instruments

Foreign operations give rise to market risks from changes in foreign currency exchange rates. Foreign currency forward exchange contracts with established financial institutions are utilized to hedge a portion of that risk in Pound Sterling and Euro. Interest rate swap agreements are utilized to reduce the impact of changes in interest rates on certain debt. The Company’s foreign currency forward exchange contracts and interest rate swap agreements are designated as cash flow hedges, and therefore the effective portion of unrealized gains and losses are recorded in accumulated other comprehensive loss.

At August 31, 20102011 exchange rates, forward exchange contracts for the purchase of Polish Zloty and the sale of Euro aggregated $37.8$90.8 million. Adjusting the foreign currency exchange contracts to the fair value of the cash flow hedges at August 31, 20102011 resulted in an unrealized pre-tax gainloss of $0.2$3.1 million that was recorded in accumulated other comprehensive loss. The fair value of the contracts is included in accountsAccounts payable and accrued liabilities when there is a loss, or accountsAccounts receivable when there is a gain, on the Consolidated Balance Sheets. As the contracts mature at various dates through December 2011,September 2012, any such gain or loss remaining will be recognized in manufacturing revenue along with the related transactions. In the event that the underlying sales transaction does not occur or does not occur in the period designated at the inception of the hedge, the amount classified in accumulated other comprehensive loss would be reclassified to the current year’s results of operations in Interest and foreign exchange.

At August 31, 2010,2011, an interest rate swap agreement had a notional amount of $45.6$44.3 million and matures March 2014. The fair value of this cash flow hedge at August 31, 20102011 resulted in an unrealized pre-tax loss of $5.1$4.4 million. The loss is included in accumulatedAccumulated other comprehensive loss and the fair value of the contract is included in accountsAccounts payable and accrued liabilities on the Consolidated Balance Sheet. As interest expense on the underlying debt is recognized, amounts corresponding to the interest rate swap are reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive loss and charged or credited to interest expense. At August 31, 20102011 interest rates, approximately $1.2$1.3 million would be reclassified to interest expense in the next 12 months.

The Greenbrier Companies 2011 Annual Report49


Fair Values of Derivative Instruments

                     
  Asset Derivatives  Liability Derivatives 
    August 31,    August 31, 
    
            2010  2009 
    2010  2009      
              
  Balance Sheet
 Fair
  Fair
  Balance Sheet
 Fair
  Fair
 
(In thousands) Location Value  Value  Location Value  Value 
Derivatives designated as hedging instruments                    
Foreign forward exchange contracts Accounts receivable $573  $1,004  Accounts payable
and accrued liabilities
 $215  $1,650 
Interest rate swap contracts Other assets       Accounts payable
and accrued liabilities
  5,141   3,617 
                     
    $573  $1,004    $5,356  $5,267 
                     
Derivatives not designated as hedging instruments                    
Foreign forward exchange contracts Accounts receivable $111  $279  Accounts payable
and accrued liabilities
 $14  $590 
The Greenbrier Companies 2010 Annual Report49 


   Asset Derivatives   Liability Derivatives 
       August 31,       August 31, 
      2011   2010      2011   2010 
(In thousands)  

Balance Sheet

Location

  Fair
Value
   Fair
Value
   

Balance Sheet

Location

  Fair
Value
   Fair
Value
 

Derivatives designated as hedging instruments

  

        

Foreign forward exchange contracts

  Accounts receivable  $ –    $573    

Accounts payable

and accrued liabilities

  $2,848    $215  

Interest rate swap contracts

  Other assets            

Accounts payable

and accrued liabilities

   4,386     5,141  

 

 
    $    $573      $7,234    $5,356  

 

 

Derivatives not designated as hedging instruments

  

      

Foreign forward exchange contracts

  Accounts receivable  $    $111    

Accounts payable

and accrued liabilities

  $525    $14  

The Effect of Derivative Instruments on the Statement of Operations
             
Derivatives in Cash
 Location of Loss Recognized in
 Loss Recognized in Income on Derivative
Flow Hedging Relationships Income on Derivative Twelve Months Ended August 31,
    2010 2009
     
Foreign forward exchange contract  Interest and foreign exchange  $(354) $(8,243)
                             
        Location of Loss
 Loss Recognized on
        in Income on
 Derivative
    Location of
 Gain (Loss)
 Derivative
 (Ineffective Portion
  Gain (Loss)
 Gain (Loss)
 Reclassified from
 (Ineffective
 and Amount
  Recognized in OCI on
 Reclassified
 Accumulated OCI into
 Portion and
 Excluded from
Derivatives in
 Derivatives (Effective
 From
 Income (Effective
 Amount
 Effectiveness
Cash Flow
 Portion)
 Accumulated
 Portion)
 Excluded from
 Testing)
Hedging
 Twelve Months
 OCI Into
 Twelve Months
 Effectiveness
 Twelve Months
Relationships Ended August 31, Income Ended August 31, Testing) Ended August 31,
  2010 2009   2010 2009   2010 2009
Foreign forward exchange contracts $736  $(7,709) Revenue $231  $(6,777) Interest and
foreign
exchange
 $     –  $     – 
Interest rate swap contracts  (1,523)  (3,295) Interest and
foreign exchange
  (1,829)  (1,345) Interest and
foreign
exchange
       –        – 
                             
  $(797) $(11,004)   $(1,598) $(8,122)   $     –  $     – 
                             

Derivatives in Cash

Flow Hedging Relationships

  

Location of Loss Recognized in

Income on Derivative

  Loss Recognized in
Income on Derivative
Twelve Months Ended
August  31,
 
          2011          2010     

Foreign forward exchange contract

  Interest and foreign exchange  $(626 $(354

Derivatives in

Cash Flow

Hedging

Relationships

  

Gain (loss)

Recognized in OCI on
Derivatives (Effective
portion)

Twelve Months

Ended August 31,

  

Location of

Gain (loss)
Reclassified

From

Accumulated

OCI into

Income

  

Gain (loss)

Reclassified From
Accumulated OCI into
Income (Effective
Portion)

Twelve Months

Ended August 31,

  

Location of Loss

in Income on
Derivative

(Ineffective
Portion and

Amount

Excluded from
Effectiveness

Testing)

  Loss Recognized on
Derivative
(Ineffective Portion
and Amount
Excluded from
Effectiveness
Testing)
Twelve Months
Ended August 31,
 
    2011  2010      2011  2010      2011   2010 

Foreign forward exchange contracts

  $(3,302 $736   

Revenue

  $71   $231   Interest and foreign exchange  $ –    $ –  

Interest rate swap contracts

   (2,563  (1,523 Interest and foreign exchange   (1,808  (1,829 Interest and foreign exchange          

 

 
  $(5,865 $(797   $(1,737 $(1,598   $    $  

 

 

Note 1817 - Equity

On December 16, 2010, the Company issued 3,000,000 shares of its common stock in an underwritten at-the-market public offering at $21.06 per share, less expenses resulting in net proceeds of $62.8 million.

On May 12, 2010, the Company issued 4,000,000 shares of its common stock at a price of $12.50 per share, less underwriting commissions, discounts and expenses. On May 19, 2010, an additional 500,000 shares were issued pursuant to the30-day over-allotment option exercised by the underwriters. Greenbrier’s management has broad discretion to allocate theThe combined issuance resulted in net proceeds of $52.7 million from the offering for such purposes as working capital, capital expenditures, repayment or repurchase of a portion of the Company’s indebtedness or acquisitions of, or investment in, complementary businesses and products.

million.

50The Greenbrier Companies 2011 Annual Report


In January 2005,2011, the stockholders approved the 2010 Amended and Restated Stock Incentive Plan (formerly known as the 2005 Stock Incentive Plan.Plan as amended). The plan provides for the grant of incentive stock options, non-statutory stock options, restricted shares, stock units and stock appreciation rights. The maximum aggregate number of the Company’s common shares availableauthorized for issuance under the plan is 1,300,000. In January 2009, the stockholders approved an amendment to the 2005 Stock Incentive Plan that increased by 525,000 the maximum number of shares of the Company’s common stock that may be issued under the plan.2,825,000. During the years ended August 31, 2011, 2010 2009 and 2008,2009, the Company awarded restricted stock grants totaling 309,380, 302,326 and 696,134 and 443,387 shares under the 2005 Stock Incentive Plan.shares. During the year ended August 31, 2009, the Company accepted voluntarily cancellation and surrender of performance based stock awardsgrants covering 205,250 shares.

50The Greenbrier Companies 2010 Annual Report


The following table summarizes restricted stock awardgrant transactions for shares, both vested and unvested, under the 20052010 Amended and Restated Stock Incentive Plan:

    Shares 

Balance at September 1, 2007

607,276
Granted443,387
Forfeited(11,000)
Balance at August 31, 2008

   1,039,663  

Granted

   696,134  

Forfeited

   (210,650)

 

Balance at August 31, 2009

   1,525,147  

Granted

   302,326  

Forfeited

   (27,900)

 

Balance at August 31, 2010

   1,799,573  

Granted

   309,380

Forfeited

(4,000

Balance at August 31, 2011

2,104,953

 

The unvested restricted stock grants were 1,230,739 as of August 31, 2011.

The fair value of awards granted was $7.2 million for 2011, $3.5 million for 2010, and $5.8 million for 2009.

The following table summarizes stock option transactions for shares under option and the related weighted average option price:

         
     Weighted
 
     Average
 
     Option
 
  Shares  Price 
Balance at September 1, 2007  36,660  $ 7.60 
Exercised  (5,000) $8.69 
         
Balance at August 31, 2008  31,660  $7.42 
Exercised  (2,500) $9.19 
Forfeited  (17,000) $9.19 
         
Balance at August 31, 2009  12,160  $4.59 
Exercised  (6,660) $4.47 
         
Balance at August 31, 2010  5,500  $4.74 
         

    Shares  

Weighted
Average
Option

Price

 

Balance at September 1, 2008

   31,660   $7.42  

Exercised

   (2,500 $9.19  

Forfeited

   (17,000 $9.19  

 

  

Balance at August 31, 2009

   12,160   $4.59  

Exercised

   (6,660 $4.47  

 

  

Balance at August 31, 2010

   5,500   $4.74  

Exercised

   (5,500 $4.74  

 

  

Balance at August 31, 2011

      $  

 

  

At August 31, 20102011 there were no options outstanding have exercise prices ranging from $4.36 to $6.44 per share, have a remaining average contractual life of .12 years and options to purchase 5,500 shares were exercisable.outstanding. On August 31, 2010, 2009 and 2008, 25,427, 299,853 and 262,8372011 there were 720,047 shares were available for grant.

grant compared to 25,427 and 299,853 shares available for grant as of the years ended August 31, 2010 and 2009. Restricted stock grants are considered outstanding shares of common stock at the time they are issued. The holders of the unvested restricted stock grants are entitled to voting rights and participation in dividends. The dividends are not forfeitable if the awards are later forfeited prior to vesting.

The value, at the date of grant, of stock awarded under restricted stock grants is amortized as compensation expense over the lesser of the vesting period of twoone to five years.years or to the recipients eligible retirement date. Compensation expense recognized related to restricted stock grants for the years ended August 31, 2011, 2010 and 2009 and 2008 was $7.1 million, $5.8 million and $5.1 million. Unamortized compensation cost related to restricted stock grants were $9.3 million and $3.9 million.

as of August 31, 2011.

The Greenbrier Companies 2011 Annual Report51


Note 1918 - Earnings per Share

The shares used in the computation of the Company’s basic and diluted earnings per common share are reconciled as follows:

             
  Years Ended August 31, 
(In thousands) 2010  2009  2008 
Weighted average basic common shares outstanding  18,585   16,815   16,395 
Dilutive effect of employee stock options(1)
  6      22 
Dilutive effect of warrants(1)
  1,622       
             
Weighted average diluted common shares outstanding  20,213   16,815   16,417 
             

   Years ended August 31, 
(In thousands)  2011   2010   2009 

Weighted average basic common shares outstanding(1)

   24,100     18,585     16,815  

Dilutive effect of employee stock options(2)

        6       

Dilutive effect of warrants(2)

   2,401     1,622       

Dilutive effect of convertible notes(3)

               

 

 

Weighted average diluted common shares outstanding

   26,501     20,213     16,815  

 

 
(1) Dilutive

Restricted stock grants are treated as outstanding when issued and are included in weighted average basic common shares outstanding when the Company is in an earnings position.

(2)

The dilutive effect of common stock equivalentsoptions is excluded from perthe share calculationscalculation for the year ended August 31, 2009 due to net loss. The dilutive effect of warrants issued in 2009, equivalent to 0.3purchase 3.4 million shares werewas excluded from the calculation of diluted earnings (loss) per common share attributable to Greenbriercalculation for the year ended August 31, 2009 as these warrants were anti-dilutive due to net loss.

(3)

In 2011, the dilutive effect of the 2.5 million weighted average shares underlying the 2018 Convertible Notes was excluded from the share calculation as it was the less dilutive of two approaches. See Note 2 – Summary of Significant Accounting Policies for a description of the Company’s net earnings per share calculations. The Greenbrier Companiesdilutive effect of the 2026 Convertible Notes was excluded from share calculations for the years ended August 31, 2011, 2010 Annual Report

51 and 2009 as the stock price for each date presented was less than the initial conversion price and therefore considered anti-dilutive.


Weighted average diluted common shares outstanding include the incremental shares that would be issued upon the assumed exercise of stock options and warrants. No options or warrants were anti-dilutive for the years ended August 31, 20102011 and 2008 and no warrants were anti-dilutive for the year ended August 31, 2010.

Note 2019 - Related Party Transactions

The Company follows a policy that all proposed transactions with directors, officers, five percent shareholders and their affiliates will be entered into only if such transactions are on terms no less favorable to the Company than could be obtained from unaffiliated parties, are reasonably expected to benefit the Company and are reviewed and approved or ratified by a majority of the disinterested, independent members of the Board of Directors.

On June 10, 2009, the Company entered into a transaction with affiliates of WL Ross & Co., LLC (WL Ross) which provided for a $75.0 million secured term loan, which has subsequently been repaid. In connection with the loan, the Company also entered into a warrant agreement pursuant to which the Company issued warrants to WL Ross and its affiliates to purchase a current total of 3,401,095 shares of the Company’s Common Stock with a current exercise price of $5.96 per share. The warrants have a five-year term which expires June 2014. The warrants are unexercised and outstanding as of August 31, 2011. In connection with Victoria McManus’ 3% participation in the WL Ross transaction, WL Ross and its affiliates transferred the right to purchase 101,337 shares of Common Stock under the warrant agreement to Ms. McManus, a director of the Company.

Wilbur L. Ross, Jr., founder, Chairman and Chief Executive Officer at WL Ross, and Wendy Teramoto, Senior Vice President at WL Ross, are directors of the Company.

In April 2010, WLR–Greenbrier Rail Inc. (WLR-GBX) was formed and acquired a lease fleet of nearly 4,000 railcars valued at approximately $256.0 million. WLR-GBX is wholly owned by affiliates of WL Ross. The Company paid a $6.1 million contract placement fee to WLR-GBX for the right to perform certain management and advisory services and in exchange will receive management and other fee income and incentive compensation tied to the performance of WLR-GBX. The Company has also paid certain incidental fees and agreed to indemnify WLR-GBX and its affiliates against certain liabilities in connection with such advisory services. Under the management agreement the Company has received $0.8 million and $0.2 million in fees for the years ended August 31, 2011 and 2010. The contract placement fee is accounted for under the equity method and is recorded in Intangibles and other assets on the Consolidated Balance Sheet. The Company also leases-in a small portion of the WLR-GBX lease fleet. The Company has paid $2.8 million in lease expense for the year ended August 31, 2011.

52The Greenbrier Companies 2011 Annual Report


Aircraft Usage Policy.Policy. William Furman, Director, President and Chief Executive Officer of the Company, is a part owner of private aircraft managed by a private independent management company. From time to time, the Company’s business requires charter use of privately-owned aircraft. In such instances, it is possible that charters may be placed with the company that manages Mr. Furman’s aircraft. In such event, any such use will be subject to the Company’s travel and entertainment policy and the fees paid to the management company will be no less favorable than would have been available to the Company for similar services provided by unrelated parties.

On June 10, 2009, During 2011, the Company entered into a transaction with affiliates of WL Ross & Co., LLC (WL Ross) which provides for a $75.0 million secured term loan. In connectionplaced charters with the loan, the Company also entered into a warrant agreement pursuant to which the Company issued warrants to WL Ross and its affiliates to purchase 3,377,903 shares of the Company’s Common Stock with an initial exercise price of $6.00 per share. In connection with Victoria McManus’ 3% participation in the WL Ross transaction, WL Ross and its affiliates transferred the right to purchase 101,337 shares of Common Stock under the warrant agreement to Ms. McManus, a director of the Company.
Wilbur L. Ross, Jr., founder, Chairman and Chief Executive Officer at WL Ross, and Wendy Teramoto, Senior Vice President at WL Ross, are directors of the Company.
In April 2010, WLR - Greenbrier Rail Inc. (WLR-GBX) was formed and acquired a lease fleet of nearly 4,000 railcars valued at approximately $230.0 million. WLR-GBX is wholly owned by affiliates of WL Ross. The Company paid a $6.1 million contract placement fee to WLR-GBX for the right to perform certain management and advisory services and in exchange will receive management and other fee income and incentive compensation tied to the performance of WLR-GBX. The Company has also paid certain incidental fees and agreed to indemnify WLR-GBX and its affiliates against certain liabilities in connection with such advisory services. Under the management agreement the Company has received $0.2 million in fees for the year ended August 31, 2010. The contract placement fee is accounted for under the equity method and is recorded in Intangibles and other assets on the Consolidated Balance Sheet.
company that manages Mr. Furman’s aircraft aggregating $10 thousand.

Note 2120 - Employee Benefit Plans

A defined contribution plan is available to substantially all United StatesU.S. employees. Contributions are based on a percentage of employee contributions and amounted to $2.1 million, $2.0 million $1.6 million and $1.8$1.6 million for the years ended August 31, 2011, 2010 2009 and 2008.

2009.

Nonqualified deferred benefit plans exist for certain employees. There were no contributions for the year ended August 31, 2011. Expenses resulting from contributions to the plans were insignificant for the years ended August 31, 2010 and 2009, and $1.6 million for the year ended August 31, 2008.

In accordance with Mexican labor law, under certain circumstances, the Company provides seniority premium benefits to its employees. These benefits consist of a one-time payment equivalent to 12 days wages for each year of service (at the employee’s most recent salary, but not to exceed twice the legal minimum wage), payable to all employees with 15 or more years of service, as well as to certain employees terminated involuntarily prior to the vesting of their seniority premium benefit.
52The Greenbrier Companies 2010 Annual Report
2009.


Mexican labor law also requires the Company to provide statutorily mandated severance benefits to Mexican employees terminated under certain circumstances. Such benefits consist of a one-time payment of three months wages plus 20 days wages for each year of service payable upon involuntary termination without just cause. Costs associated with these benefits are provided for based on actuarial computations using the projected unit credit method.
Note 2221 - Income Taxes

Components of income tax expense (benefit) of continuing operations are as follows:

             
  Years Ended August 31, 
(In thousands) 2010  2009  2008 
Current            
Federal $(9,471) $(4,555) $359 
State  (2,191)  470   860 
Foreign  712   532   4,154 
             
    (10,950)  (3,553)  5,373 
Deferred            
Federal  10,059    (11,016)  11,517 
State  1,745   (1,024)  1,369 
Foreign  (933)  723   7,345 
             
   10,871   (11,317)  20,231 
             
Change in valuation allowance  (880)  (2,047)  (8,445)
             
  $(959) $(16,917) $ 17,159 
             

   Years ended August 31, 
(In thousands)  2011  2010  2009 

Current

    

Federal

  $(683 $(9,471 $(4,555

State

   620    (2,191  470  

Foreign

   333    712    532  

 

 
   270    (10,950  (3,553

Deferred

    

Federal

   2,956    10,059    (11,016

State

   351    1,745    (1,024

Foreign

   239    (933  723  

 

 
   3,546    10,871    (11,317

 

 

Change in valuation allowance

   (252  (880  (2,047

 

 
  $3,564   $(959 $(16,917

 

 

Income tax expense is computed at rates different than statutory rates. The reconciliation between effective and statutory tax rates on continuing operations is as follows:

             
  Years Ended August 31, 
(In thousands) 2010  2009  2008 
Federal statutory rate  35.0%  35.0%  35.0%
State income taxes, net of federal benefit  10.7   3.5   7.0 
Impact of foreign operations  (0.1)  0.4   1.5 
Release of obligations in the bankruptcy of the de-consolidated subsidiary  (51.8)      
Change in valuation allowance related to deferred tax asset  (9.8)  2.8   (27.7)
Reversal of Canadian subsidiary’s deferred tax asset        31.7 
Loss of benefit from the closing of TrentonWorks        12.9 
Change in income tax reserve for uncertain tax positions  4.1   1.8    
Reversal of net deferred tax liability on the basis difference in a foreign subsidiary     2.4    
Noncontrolling interest in flow through entity  (17.7)      
Non-deductible goodwill write-off     (23.1)   
Permanent differences  9.4   2.1   2.8 
Other  9.5   (2.1)  (6.9)
             
   (10.7)%  22.8%  56.3%
             

   Years ended August 31, 
    2011  2010  2009 

Federal statutory rate

   35.0  35.0  35.0

State income taxes, net of federal benefit

   4.1    10.7    3.5  

Impact of foreign operations

   (2.1  (0.1  0.4  

Release of obligations in the bankruptcy of the de-consolidated subsidiary

       (51.8    

Change in valuation allowance related to deferred tax asset

   (1.7  (9.8  2.8  

Change in income tax reserve for uncertain tax positions

   (0.8  4.1    1.8  

Reversal of net deferred tax liability on the basis difference in a foreign subsidiary

           2.4  

Noncontrolling interest in flow through entity

   (5.1  (17.7    

Non-deductible goodwill write-off

           (23.1

Permanent differences

   (7.1  9.4    (2.1

Other

   1.6    9.5    (2.1

 

 
   23.9  (10.7)%   22.8

 

 

The Greenbrier Companies 20102011 Annual Report53  


The tax effects of temporary differences that give rise to significant portions of deferred tax assets and deferred tax liabilities are as follows:
         
  Years Ended August 31, 
(In thousands) 2010  2009 
Deferred tax assets:        
Contract placement $(526) $ 
Maintenance and warranty accruals  (6,352)  (7,337)
Accrued payroll and related liabilities  (7,062)  (5,829)
Deferred revenue  (6,712)  (9,676)
Inventories and other  (3,878)  (6,102)
Derivative instruments and translation adjustment  (2,068)  (257)
Investment and asset tax credits  (884)  (671)
Net operating loss  (10,460)  (15,888)
         
   (37,942)  (45,760)
Deferred tax liabilities:        
Fixed assets  89,341   83,002 
Original issue discount  8,707    
Intangibles  9,954   9,983 
Debt conversion option     6,669 
Deferred gain on redemption of debt  4,512    
Other  156   8,017 
         
   112,670   107,671 
         
Valuation allowance  6,408   7,288 
         
Net deferred tax liability $81,136  $69,199 
         
For the year ended

   Years ended August 31, 
(In thousands)      2011           2010     

Deferred tax assets:

    

Contract placement

  $1,407    $526  

Maintenance and warranty accruals

   6,885     6,352  

Accrued payroll and related liabilities

   10,342     7,062  

Deferred revenue

   4,104     6,712  

Inventories and other

   7,075     3,878  

Derivative instruments and translation adjustment

   1,702     2,068  

Investment and asset tax credits

   794     884  

Net operating loss

   24,516     10,460  

 

 
   56,825     37,942  

Deferred tax liabilities:

    

Fixed assets

   107,591     89,341  

Original issue discount

   11,410     8,707  

Intangibles

   9,927     9,954  

Debt conversion option

          

Deferred gain on redemption of debt

   4,532     4,512  

Other

   161     156  

 

 
   133,621     112,670  

 

 

Valuation allowance

   7,043     6,408  

 

 

Net deferred tax liability

  $83,839    $81,136  

 

 

As of August 31, 2010,2011 the Company generated ahas Federal net operating loss (NOL) carryforwards of approximately $17.8$55.4 million, for U.S. federal incomewhich if not used will expire in 2030 and 2031.

NOL carryforwards created in fiscal 2011 by excess tax purposes, $9.7benefits of $0.6 million of which will be carried back to 2008. The remaining NOL of $8.1 million will be carried forward. On September 27, 2010, legislation was adopted that provides an additional year of bonus depreciation whichgenerated from vested restricted stock grants are not recorded as deferred tax assets. To the extent they are utilized, the Company will increase the Company’s NOL from $17.8 million to $20.5 million.

stockholders equity. The Company uses tax law ordering for purposes of determining when excess tax benefits have been realized.

The Company also had NOL carryforwards of approximately $21.2$14.3 million for foreign income tax purposes. The ultimate realization of the deferred tax assets resulting from NOL’sNOLs is dependent upon the generation of future taxable income before these carryforwards expire. Net operating lossesNOLs in Poland of $9.2$6.8 million expire between 2012 and 2013. Net operating lossesNOLs in Mexico of $12.0$7.5 million expire between 2017 and 2020.

2021.

The cumulative net decreaseincrease in the valuation allowance for the year ended August 31, 20102011 was approximately $0.9$0.6 million. The decreaseincrease in the valuation allowance is mainly due to a decrease inpurchase accounting for the Polish subsidiary’s overall deferred tax assets for which a full valuation allowance is provided.

As a result of certain realization requirements of ASC Topic 718, the table of deferred tax assets and liabilities shown above does not include certain deferred tax liabilities at August 31, 2010 and 2009 that arose directly from tax deductions related to equity compensationan acquired subsidiary in excess of compensation recognized for financial reporting. The Company uses tax law ordering for purposes of determining when excess tax benefits have been realized.
Poland.

54The Greenbrier Companies 20102011 Annual Report


The following is a tabular reconciliation of the total amounts of unrecognized tax benefits for the year.
             
(In thousands) 2010  2009  2008 
Unrecognized Tax Benefit – Opening Balance $2,959  $12,832  $ 11,839 
Gross increases – tax positions in prior period  200   533   993 
Gross decreases – tax positions in prior period         
Gross increases – tax positions in current period         
Settlements         
Restoration of statute of limitations due to 5 year NOL carry back  1,809       
Lapse of statute of limitations   (1,442)   (10,406)   
 
Unrecognized Tax Benefit – Ending Balance $3,526  $2,959  $12,832 
 
years presented:

(In thousands)  2011  2010  2009 

Unrecognized Tax Benefit – Opening Balance

  $  3,526   $2,959   $12,832  

Gross increases – tax positions in prior period

       200    533  

Gross decreases – tax positions in prior period

   (233        

Gross increases – tax positions in current period

             

Settlements

   (193        

Restoration of statute of limitations due to 5 year NOL carry back

    1,809      

Lapse of statute of limitations

   (47  (1,442  (10,406

 

 

Unrecognized Tax Benefit – Ending Balance

  $3,053   $3,526   $2,959  

 

 

The Company is subject to taxation in the U.S., various states and foreign jurisdictions. The Companies tax returns for 2004 through 20102011 are subject to examination by the tax authorities. The Company is no longer subject to U.S. Federal, State, Local or Foreign examinations by tax authorities for years before 2004. Included in the balance of unrecognized tax benefits at August 31, 2011 and 2010 and 2009 are $2.3$2.1 million and $2.0$2.3 million, respectively, of tax benefits which, if recognized, would affect the effective tax rate.

The Company recorded additionalan interest benefit of $0.3 million and interest expense of $0.2 million and $0.3 million relating to reserves for uncertain tax provisions during the years ended August 31, 2011 and 2010, and 2009.respectively. As of August 31, 20102011 and 20092010 the Company had accrued $1.2$0.9 million and $1.0$1.2 million of interest related to uncertain tax positions. The decrease in the interest accrual was due to the settlement of a foreign income tax audit, the lapse of the statute of limitations for state income tax filings and a change in the methodology of calculating interest expense relating to the uncertain tax positions. The Company has not accrued nofor any penalties as of August 31, 20102011 and 2009. The Company restored $1.3 million of reserves and $0.5 million of related accrued interest for uncertain tax provisions during the tax years for which the statue of limitations previously expired. These were restored due to the Company’s election to carry back prior year’s net operating loss for five years for U.S. tax purposes. The Company reversed $1.4 million of reserves and related accrued interest for the items that were no longer subject to examination by the tax authorities. The $1.4 million reversal resulted in an income tax benefit of $0.9 million and a reduction of interest expense of $0.5 million.2010. Interest and penalties related to income taxes are not classified as a component of income tax expense. When unrecognized tax benefits are realized, the benefit related to deductible differences attributable to ordinary operations will be recognized as a reduction of income tax expense. The benefit related to the deductible difference attributable to purchase accounting will also be recognized as a reduction of income tax expense and will not go to goodwill. Within the next 12 months, the Company does not expect any significant changes in the reserves for uncertain tax positions, but expects an increase in interest expense of $0.3$0.1 million.

No provision has been made for U.S. income taxes have not been provided foron approximately $5.9$5.8 million of cumulative undistributed earnings of certain foreign subsidiaries as Greenbrier plans to reinvest these earnings indefinitely in operations outside the U.S. Generally, such amounts become subject to U.S. taxation upon the remittance of dividends and under certain other circumstances. It is not practicable to estimate the amount of deferred tax liability related to investments in foreign subsidiaries.

Note 2322 - Segment Information

Greenbrier currently operates in three reportable segments: Manufacturing,Manufacturing; Wheel Services, Refurbishment & Parts and Leasing & Services. The accounting policies of the segments are the same as those described in the summary of significant accounting policies. Performance is evaluated based on margin. The Company’s integrated business model results in selling and administrative costs being intertwined among the segments. Any allocation of these costs would be subjective and not meaningful and as a result, Greenbrier’s management does not allocate these costs for either external or internal reporting purposes. Intersegment sales and transfers are accounted forvalued as if the sales or transfers were to third parties. While intercompany transactions are treated the same as third-party transactions to evaluate segment performance, the revenuesRelated revenue and related expenses aremargin is eliminated in consolidation and therefore doare not impactincluded in consolidated results.

results in the Company’s Consolidated Financial Statements.

The Greenbrier Companies 20102011 Annual Report55  


The information in the following tablestable is derived directly from the segments’ internal financial reports used for corporate management purposes. Unallocated assets primarily consist of cash and short-term investments.
             
  Years Ended August 31, 
(In thousands) 2010  2009  2008 
Revenue:            
Manufacturing $305,333  $470,834  $724,072 
Wheel Services, Refurbishment & Parts  404,321   480,425   535,031 
Leasing & Services  79,733   79,684   98,041 
Intersegment eliminations  (24,937)  (12,818)  (67,065)
 
  $764,450  $1,018,125  $1,290,079 
 
Margin:            
Manufacturing $27,171  $3,763  $11,214 
Wheel Services, Refurbishment & Parts  45,539   55,870   101,283 
Leasing & Services  37,458   33,474   49,746 
 
  $110,168  $93,107  $162,243 
 
Assets:            
Manufacturing $205,863  $197,603  $325,632 
Wheel services, Refurbishment & Parts  387,356   386,260   519,575 
Leasing & Services  377,761   386,659   403,889 
Unallocated  101,908   77,769   7,864 
 
  $ 1,072,888  $ 1,048,291  $ 1,256,960 
 
Depreciation and amortization:            
Manufacturing $11,061  $11,471  $11,267 
Wheel Services, Refurbishment & Parts  11,435   11,885   10,338 
Leasing & Services  15,015   14,313   13,481 
 
  $37,511  $37,669  $35,086 
 
Capital expenditures:            
Manufacturing $8,715  $9,109  $24,113 
Wheel Services, Refurbishment & Parts  12,215   6,599   7,651 
Leasing & Services  18,059   23,139   45,880 
 
  $38,989  $38,847  $77,644 
 

   Years ended August 31, 
(In thousands)  2011  2010  2009 

Revenue:

    

Manufacturing

  $770,596   $305,333   $470,834  

Wheel Services, Refurbishment & Parts

   492,355    402,694    479,658  

Leasing & Services

   70,498    73,190    78,517  

Intersegment eliminations

   (90,159  (24,937  (12,818

 

 
  $1,243,290   $756,280   $1,016,191  

 

 

Margin:

    

Manufacturing

  $59,975   $27,171   $3,763  

Wheel Services, Refurbishment & Parts

   47,416    43,912    55,103  

Leasing & Services

   32,140    30,915    32,307  

 

 
  $139,531   $101,998   $91,173  

 

 

Assets:

    

Manufacturing

  $423,295   $205,863   $197,603  

Wheel services, Refurbishment & Parts

   400,643    387,356    386,260  

Leasing & Services

   424,839    377,761    386,659  

Unallocated

   52,878    101,908    77,769  

 

 
  $1,301,655   $1,072,888   $1,048,291  

 

 

Depreciation and amortization:

    

Manufacturing

  $9,853   $11,061   $11,471  

Wheel Services, Refurbishment & Parts

   11,853    11,435    11,885  

Leasing & Services

   16,587    15,015    14,313  

 

 
  $38,293   $37,511   $37,669  

 

 

Capital expenditures:

    

Manufacturing

  $20,016   $8,715   $9,109  

Wheel Services, Refurbishment & Parts

   20,087    12,215    6,599  

Leasing & Services

   44,199    18,059    23,139  

 

 
  $84,302   $38,989   $38,847  

 

 

The following table summarizes selected geographic information.

             
  Years Ended August 31, 
(In thousands) 2010  2009  2008 
Revenue:            
United States $667,867  $851,450  $1,058,418 
Foreign  96,583   166,675   231,661 
 
  $764,450  $1,018,125  $1,290,079 
 
Identifiable assets:            
United States $918,553  $897,111  $1,012,585 
Mexico  115,721   95,149   130,295 
Europe  38,614   56,031   114,080 
 
  $ 1,072,888  $ 1,048,291  $ 1,256,960 
 

   Years ended August 31, 
(In thousands)  2011   2010   2009 

Revenue:

      

U.S.

  $1,103,423    $659,697    $849,516  

Foreign

   139,867     96,583     166,675  

 

 
  $1,243,290    $756,280    $1,016,191  

 

 

Identifiable assets:

      

U.S.

  $1,000,249    $918,553    $897,111  

Mexico

   228,406     115,721     95,149  

Europe

   73,000     38,614     56,031  

 

 
  $1,301,655    $1,072,888    $1,048,291  

 

 

56The Greenbrier Companies 20102011 Annual Report


Reconciliation of segment margin to earnings (loss) before income tax noncontrolling interest and earnings (loss)loss from unconsolidated affiliates:
             
  Years Ended August 31, 
(In thousands) 2010  2009  2008 
Segment margin
 $ 110,168  $93,107  $ 162,243 
Less unallocated expenses:            
Selling and administrative  69,931   65,743   85,133 
Interest and foreign exchange  43,134   45,912   44,320 
Special items  (11,870)  55,667   2,302 
 
Earnings (loss) before income tax and earnings (loss) from unconsolidated affiliates $8,973  $ (74,215) $30,488 
 

   Years ended August 31, 
(In thousands)  2011  2010  2009 

Segment margin

  $139,531   $101,998   $91,173  

Less unallocated items:

    

Selling and administrative

   80,326    69,931    65,743  

Gain on disposition of equipment

   (8,369  (8,170  (1,934

Goodwill impairment

           55,667  

Special items

       (11,870    

Interest and foreign exchange

   36,992    45,204    44,612  

Loss (gain) on extinguishment of debt

   15,657    (2,070  1,300  

 

 

Earnings (loss) before income tax and loss from
unconsolidated affiliates

  $14,925   $8,973   $(74,215

 

 

Note 2423 - Customer Concentration

In 2010, one customer2011, revenue from four customers represented 16% of total revenue, a second customer represented 15% of total revenue19%, 14%, 12% and a third customer represented 11% of total revenue. Revenue from three customers represented 16%, 15% and 11% of total revenue for the year ending August 31, 2010 and revenue from two customers each represented 14% of total revenue for the year ending August 31, 2009 and revenue from two customers was 26% and 11% of total revenue for the year ended August 31, 2008.2009. No other customers accounted for more than 10% of total revenues for the years ended August 31, 2011, 2010, 2009, or 2008.2009. Two customers had balances that individually equaled or exceeded 10% of accounts receivable and in total represented 30% of the consolidated accounts receivable balance at August 31, 2011. Only one customer had a balance that equaled or exceeded 10% of accounts receivable and in total represented 12% of the consolidated accounts receivable balance at August 31, 2010.

Note 2524 - Lease Commitments

Lease expense for railcar equipment leased-in under non-cancelable leases was $6.5 million, $8.2 million $10.3 million and $11.6$10.3 million for the years ended August 31, 2011, 2010 2009 and 2008.2009. Aggregate minimum future amounts payable under these non-cancelable railcar equipment leases are as follows:

     
(In thousands)   
Year ending August 31,    
2011 $6,711 
2012  3,708 
Thereafter   
 
  $ 10,419 
 

(In thousands)     

Year ending August 31,

  

2012

  $6,129  

2013

   1,604  

2014

   1,604  

2015

   1,177  

2016

   337  

Thereafter

     

 

 
  $10,851  

 

 

Operating leases for domestic railcar repair facilities, office space and certain manufacturing and office equipment expire at various dates through November 2016.February 2018. Rental expense for facilities, office space and equipment was $12.2 million, $12.4 million $12.5 million and $12.3$12.5 million for the years ended August 31, 2011, 2010 2009 and 2008.2009. Aggregate minimum future amounts payable under these non-cancelable operating leases are as follows:

     
(In thousands)   
Year ending August 31,    
2011 $6,781 
2012  3,679 
2013  2,205 
2014  1,488 
2015  1,318 
Thereafter  1,591 
 
  $ 17,062 
 

(In thousands)     

Year ending August 31,

  

2012

  $8,956  

2013

   6,144  

2014

   4,932  

2015

   2,747  

2016

   1,738  

Thereafter

   846  

 

 
  $25,363  

 

 

The Greenbrier Companies 20102011 Annual Report57  


Note 2625 - Commitments and Contingencies

Environmental studies have been conducted on certain of the Company’s owned and leased properties that indicate additional investigation and some remediation on certain properties may be necessary. The Company’s Portland, Oregon manufacturing facility is located adjacent to the Willamette River. The United StatesU.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) has classified portions of the river bed, including the portion fronting Greenbrier’s facility, as a federal “National Priority List” or “Superfund” site due to sediment contamination (the Portland Harbor Site). Greenbrier and more than 130140 other parties have received a “General Notice” of potential liability from the EPA relating to the Portland Harbor Site. The letter advised the Company that it may be liable for the costs of investigation and remediation (which liability may be joint and several with other potentially responsible parties) as well as for natural resource damages resulting from releases of hazardous substances to the site. At this time, ten private and public entities, including the Company, have signed an Administrative Order on Consent (AOC) to perform a remedial investigation/feasibility study (RI/FS) of the Portland Harbor Site under EPA oversight, and several additional entities have not signed such consent, but are nevertheless contributing money to the effort. A draft of the RI study was submitted on October 27, 2009. The Feasibility Study is being developed and is expected to be submitted in the thirdfirst calendar quarter of 2011. Eighty-two2012. Eighty-three parties, including the State of Oregon and the federal government, have entered into a non-judicial mediation process to try to allocate costs associated with the Portland Harbor site. Approximately 110 additional parties have signed tolling agreements related to such allocations. On April 23, 2009, the Company and the other AOC signatories filed suit against 69 other parties due to a possible limitations period for some such claims;Arkema Inc. et al v. A & C Foundry Products, Inc.et al,US District Court, District of Oregon, Case #3:09-cv-453-PK. All but 12 of these parties elected to sign tolling agreements and be dismissed without prejudice, and the case has now been stayed by the court, pending completion of the RI/FS. In addition, the Company has entered into a VoluntaryClean-Up Agreement with the Oregon Department of Environmental Quality in which the Company agreed to conduct an investigation of whether, and to what extent, past or present operations at the Portland property may have released hazardous substances to the environment. The Company is also conducting groundwater remediation relating to a historical spill on the property which antedates its ownership.

Because these environmental investigations are still underway, the Company is unable to determine the amount of ultimate liability relating to these matters. Based on the results of the pending investigations and future assessments of natural resource damages, Greenbrier may be required to incur costs associated with additional phases of investigation or remedial action, and may be liable for damages to natural resources. In addition, the Company may be required to perform periodic maintenance dredging in order to continue to launch vessels from its launch ways in Portland, Oregon, on the Willamette River, and the river’s classification as a Superfund site could result in some limitations on future dredging and launch activities. Any of these matters could adversely affect the Company’s business and results of operations,Consolidated Financial Statements, or the value of its Portland property.

From time to time, Greenbrier is involved as a defendant in litigation in the ordinary course of business, the outcome of which cannot be predicted with certainty. The most significant litigation is as follows:

Greenbrier’s customer, SEB Finans AB (SEB), has raised performance concerns related to a component that the Company installed on 372 railcar units with an aggregate sales value of approximately $20.0 million produced under a contract with SEB. On December 9, 2005, SEB filed a Statement of Claim in an arbitration proceeding in Stockholm, Sweden, against Greenbrier alleging that the carsrailcars were defective and could not be used for their intended purpose. A settlement agreement was entered into effective February 28, 2007 pursuant to which the railcar units previously delivered were to be repaired and the remaining units completed and delivered to SEB. Greenbrier is proceeding with repairs of the railcars in accordance with terms of the original settlement agreement, though SEB has recently made multiple additional warranty claims, including claims with respect to carsrailcars that have been repaired pursuant to the original settlement agreement. Greenbrier is evaluating SEB’s newlatest warranty claim. Current estimates of potential costs of such repairs do not exceed amounts accrued.

When the Company acquired the assets of the Freight Wagon Division of DaimlerChrysler in January 2000, it acquired a contract to build 201 freight cars for Okombi GmbH, a subsidiary of Rail Cargo Austria AG. Subsequently, Okombi made breach of warranty and late delivery claims against the Company which grew out of design and certification problems. All of these issues were settled as of March 2004. Additional allegations have been made, the most serious of which involve cracks to the structure of the freight cars. Okombi has been

58The Greenbrier Companies 2011 Annual Report


required to remove all 201 freight cars from service, and a formal claim has been made against the Company. Legal, technical

58The Greenbrier Companies 2010 Annual Report


and commercial evaluations are on-going to determine what obligations the Company might have, if any, to remedy the alleged defects.
defects, though resolution of such issues has not been reached due to delays by Okombi.

Management intends to vigorously defend its position in each of the open foregoing cases. While the ultimate outcome of such legal proceedings cannot be determined at this time, management believes that the resolution of these actions will not have a material adverse effect on the Company’s Consolidated Financial Statements.

The Company is involved as a defendant in other litigation initiated in the ordinary course of business. While the ultimate outcome of such legal proceedings cannot be determined at this time, management believes that the resolution of these actions will not have a material adverse effect on the Company’s Consolidated Financial Statements.

The Company delivered 500 railcar units during fiscal year 2009 for which the Company has an obligation to guarantee the purchaser minimum earnings. The obligation expires December 31, 2011. The maximum potential obligation totaled $13.1 million and in certain defined instances the obligation may be reduced due to early termination. Upon delivery of the railcar units, the entire purchase price was recorded as revenue and paid in full. The minimum earnings due to the purchaser were considered a reduction of revenue and were recorded as deferred revenue. The purchaser has agreed to utilize the railcars on a preferential basis, and the Company is entitled to re-market the railcar units when they are not being utilized by the purchaser during the obligation period. Any earnings generated from the railcar units will offset the obligation and beis recognized as revenue and margin in future periods. Upon delivery of the railcar units, the entire purchase price was recorded as revenue and paid in full. The minimum earnings due to the purchaser were considered a reduction of revenue and were recorded as deferred revenue.earned. As of August 31, 2010,2011, the Company has $9.1$4.6 million of the potential obligation remaining in deferred revenue.

The Company has entered into contingent rental assistance agreements, aggregating $5.9 million, on certain railcars subject to leases that have been sold to third parties. These agreements guarantee the purchasers a minimum lease rental, subject to a maximum defined rental assistance amount, over remaining periods of up to two years. A liability is established and revenue is reduced in the period during which a determination can be made that it is probable that a rental shortfall will occur and the amount can be estimated. For the years ended August 31, 2010 and 2008 an accrual of $0.2 million and $1.2 million was recorded to cover future obligations. For the year ended August 31, 2009 no accrual was made to cover estimated obligations as management determined no additional rental shortfall was probable. The remaining balance of the accrued liability was $30 thousand as of August 31, 2010. All of these agreements were entered into prior to December 31, 2002 and have not been modified since.

In accordance with customary business practices in Europe, the Company has $9.1$6.2 million in bank and third party performance and warranty guarantee facilities, all of which have been utilized as of August 31, 2010.2011. To date no amounts have been drawn under these performance and warranty guarantee facilities.

At August 31, 2010, an unconsolidated affiliate2011, the Mexican joint venture had $0.7$16.2 million of third party debt, for which the Company has guaranteed 33%50% or approximately $0.2$8.1 million. In the event that there is a change in control or insolvency by any of the three 33% investors that have guaranteed the debt, the remaining investors’ share of the guarantee will increase proportionately.

As of August 31, 20102011 the Company hadhas outstanding letters of credit aggregating $3.6$4.3 million associated with facility leases and payroll.

workers compensation insurance.

Note 2726 - Fair Value of Financial Instruments

The estimated fair values of financial instruments and the methods and assumptions used to estimate such fair values are as follows:

         
  Carrying
 Estimated
(In thousands) Amount Fair Value
Notes payable as of August 31, 2010 $ 498,700  $ 482,589 
Notes payable as of August 31, 2009 $525,149  $508,372 
The Greenbrier Companies 2010 Annual Report59 


(In thousands)  Carrying
Amount
   

Estimated

Fair Value

 

Notes payable as of August 31, 2011

  $429,140    $355,341  

Notes payable as of August 31, 2010

  $498,700    $482,589  

The carrying amount of cash and cash equivalents, accounts and notes receivable, revolving notes, accounts payable and accrued liabilities, foreign currency forward contracts and interest rate swaps is a reasonable estimate of fair value of these financial instruments. Estimated rates currently available to the Company for debt with similar terms and remaining maturities are used to estimate the fair value of notes payable.

The Greenbrier Companies 2011 Annual Report59


Note 2827 - Fair Value Measures

Certain assets and liabilities are reported at fair value on either a recurring or nonrecurring basis. Fair value, for this disclosure, is defined as an exit price, representing the amount that would be received to sell an asset or paid to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction between market participants, under a three-tier fair value hierarchy which prioritizes the inputs used in measuring a fair value as follows:

Level 1-observable inputs such as unadjusted quoted prices in active markets for identical instruments;

Level 2-inputs, other than the quoted market prices in active markets for similar instruments, which are observable, either directly or indirectly; and

Level 3-unobservable inputs for which there is little or no market data available, which require the reporting entity to develop its own assumptions.

Assets and liabilities measured at fair value on a recurring basis as of August 31, 20102011 are:

                  
(In thousands) Total   Level 1  Level 2(1)  Level 3 
Assets:                 
Derivative financial instruments $684   $  $684  $       – 
Nonqualified savings plan  6,489    6,489       
Money market investments  57,300    57,300       
 
  $64,473   $63,789  $684  $ 
 
Liabilities:                 
Derivative financial instruments $5,370   $  $5,370  $ 

(In thousands)  Total   Level 1   Level 2(1)     Level 3   

Assets:

        

Derivative financial instruments

  $    $    $    $        –  

Nonqualified savings plan investments

   6,326     6,326            

Cash equivalents

   4,561     4,561            

 

 
  $10,887    $10,887    $    $  

 

 

Liabilities:

        

Derivative financial instruments

  $7,759    $    $7,759    $  

(1)

Level 2 assets include derivative financial instruments which are valued based on significant observable inputs. See note 17Note 16 Derivative Instruments for further discussion.

Assets or liabilities measured at fair value on a nonrecurring basis as of August 31, 20102011 are:

                  
(In thousands) Total   Level 1  Level 2  Level 3 
Assets:                 
Goodwill $137,066   $     –  $     –  $137,066 
Liabilities:                 
Warrants $7,484   $  $  $7,484 
60The Greenbrier Companies 2010 Annual Report


(In thousands)  Total   Level 1   Level 2   Level 3 

Assets:

        

Goodwill

  $137,066    $          –    $          –    $137,066  

Note 28 - Guarantor/Non Guarantor

Note 29 -Guarantor/Non Guarantor
The combined senior unsecured notes (the Notes) issued on May 11, 2005 and November 21, 2005 and convertible senior notes due 2026 (the Notes) issued on May 22, 2006 are fully and unconditionally and jointly and severally guaranteed by substantially all of Greenbrier’s material 100% owned United StatesU.S. subsidiaries: Autostack Company LLC, Greenbrier-Concarril, LLC, Greenbrier Leasing Company LLC, Greenbrier Leasing Limited Partner, LLC, Greenbrier Management Services, LLC, Greenbrier Leasing, L.P., Greenbrier Railcar LLC, Gunderson LLC, Gunderson Marine LLC, Gunderson Rail Services LLC, Meridian Rail Holding Corp., Meridian Rail Acquisition Corp., Meridian Rail Mexico City Corp., Brandon Railroad LLC, Gunderson Specialty Products, LLC and Greenbrier Railcar Leasing, Inc. No other subsidiaries guarantee the Notes including Greenbrier Leasing Limited, Greenbrier Europe B.V., Greenbrier Germany GmbH, WagonySwidnica S.A., Zaklad Naprawczy Taboru Kolejowego Olawa sp. z o.o. , Gunderson-Concarril, S.A. de C.V., Mexico Meridian RailMeridianrail Services, S.A. de C.V., Greenbrier Railcar Services Tierra Blanca S.A. de C.V., YSD Doors, S.A. de C.V., Greenbrier-Gimsa, LLC and Gunderson-Gimsa SS. de RLR.L. de C.V.

The following represents the supplemental consolidating condensed financial information of Greenbrier and its guarantor and non guarantor subsidiaries, as of August 31, 20102011 and 20092010 and for the years ended August 31, 2011, 2010 2009 and 2008.2009. The information is presented on the basis of Greenbrier accounting for its ownership of its wholly owned subsidiaries using the equity method of accounting. The equity method investment for each subsidiary is recorded by the parent in intangibles and other assets. Intercompany transactions of goods and services between the guarantor and non guarantor subsidiaries are presented as if the sales or transfers were at fair value to third parties and eliminated in consolidation. Certain reclassifications between Combined Non Guarantor Subsidiaries and Eliminations have been made to prior year’s condensed consolidating statements to conform to

60The Greenbrier Companies 2011 Annual Report


The Greenbrier Companies, Inc.

Condensed Consolidating Balance Sheet

For the current year presentation.

ended August 31, 2011

(In thousands)  Parent  Combined
Guarantor
Subsidiaries
   Combined
Non-Guarantor
Subsidiaries
  Eliminations  Consolidated 

Assets

       

Cash and cash equivalents

  $33,368   $529    $16,325   $   $50,222  

Restricted cash

       2,113             2,113  

Accounts receivable, net

   86,701    90,442     11,276    24    188,443  

Inventories

       141,631     182,185    (304  323,512  

Leased railcars for syndication

       30,690             30,690  

Equipment on operating leases, net

       323,139         (1,998  321,141  

Property, plant and equipment, net

   6,006    101,284     53,910        161,200  

Goodwill

       137,066             137,066  

Intangibles and other assets, net

   584,892    96,444     2,628    (596,696  87,268  

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

   

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

 
  $710,967   $923,338    $266,324   $(598,974 $1,301,655  

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

   

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

 

Liabilities and Equity

       

Revolving notes

  $60,000   $    $30,339   $   $90,339  

Accounts payable and accrued liabilities

   11,571    148,788     156,153    24    316,536  

Deferred income taxes

   (14,652  104,142     (5,071  (580  83,839  

Deferred revenue

   465    5,242     193        5,900  

Notes payable

   292,010    134,868     2,262        429,140  

Total equity Greenbrier

   361,573    530,298     68,120    (598,418  361,573  

Noncontrolling interest

            14,328        14,328  

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

   

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

 

Total equity

   361,573    530,298     82,448    (598,418  375,901  

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

   

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

 
  $710,967   $923,338    $266,324   $(598,974 $1,301,655  

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

   

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

 

The Greenbrier Companies 20102011 Annual Report61  


The Greenbrier Companies, Inc.

Condensed Consolidating Statement of Operations

For the year ended August 31, 2011

(In thousands)  Parent  Combined
Guarantor
Subsidiaries
  Combined
Non-Guarantor
Subsidiaries
  Eliminations  Consolidated 

Revenue

      

Manufacturing

  $1,429   $413,608   $532,444   $(226,379 $721,102  

Wheel Services, Refurbishment & Parts

       467,544        (14,679  452,865  

Leasing & Services

   1,833    68,646        (1,156  69,323  

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

 
   3,262    949,798    532,444    (242,214  1,243,290  

Cost of revenue

      

Manufacturing

       394,638    492,855    (226,366  661,127  

Wheels Services, Refurbishment & Parts

       419,824        (14,375  405,449  

Leasing & Services

       37,253        (70  37,183  

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

 
       851,715    492,855    (240,811  1,103,759  

Margin

   3,262    98,083    39,589    (1,403  139,531  

Selling and administrative

   37,450    22,256    20,620        80,326  

Gain on disposition of equipment

       (8,227      (142  (8,369

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

 

Earnings (loss) from operations

   (34,188  84,054    18,969    (1,261  67,574  

Other costs

      

Interest and foreign exchange

   32,002    4,022    2,134    (1,166  36,992  

Loss on extinguishment of debt

   15,657                15,657  

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

 

Earnings (loss) before income taxes and earnings (loss) from unconsolidated affiliates

   (81,847  80,032    16,835    (95  14,925  

Income tax (expense) benefit

   30,940    (32,953  (1,642  91    (3,564

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

 
   (50,907  47,079    15,193    (4  11,361  

Earnings (loss) from unconsolidated affiliates

   57,373    4,196        (64,543  (2,974

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

 

Net earnings (loss)

   6,466    51,275    15,193    (64,547  8,387  

Net loss (earnings) attributable to noncontrolling interest

           (1,923  2    (1,921

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

 

Net earnings (loss) attributable to Greenbrier

  $6,466   $51,275   $13,270   $(64,545 $6,466  

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

 

62The Greenbrier Companies 2011 Annual Report


The Greenbrier Companies, Inc.

Condensed Consolidating Statement of Cash Flows

For the year ended August 31, 2011

(In thousands)  Parent  Combined
Guarantor
Subsidiaries
  Combined
Non-Guarantor
Subsidiaries
  Eliminations  Consolidated 

Cash flows from operating activities:

      

Net earnings (loss)

  $6,466   $51,275   $15,193   $(64,547 $8,387  

Adjustments to reconcile net earnings (loss) to net cash provided by (used in) operating activities:

      

Deferred income taxes

   (15,380  16,560    1,311    (92  2,399  

Depreciation and amortization

   2,701    29,413    6,250    (71  38,293  

Gain on sales of leased equipment

       (4,979      (142  (5,121

Accretion of debt discount

   6,583                6,583  

Loss on extinguishment of debt (non-cash portion)

   8,453                8,453  

Other

   7,073    151    (465  3    6,762  

Decrease (increase) in assets:

      

Accounts receivable

   3,033    (97,572  (1,992  (21  (96,552

Inventories

       (3,503  (113,667  304    (116,866

Leased railcars for syndication

       (21,857  1,018        (20,839

Other

   4,265    3,181    338    1,079    8,863  

Increase (decrease) in liabilities:

      

Accounts payable and accrued liabilities

   394    36,161    94,096    22    130,673  

Deferred revenue

   (155  (4,154  (978      (5,287

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

 

Net cash provided by (used in) operating activities

   23,433    4,676    1,104    (63,465  (34,252

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

 

Cash flows from investing activities:

      

Proceeds from sales of equipment

       18,730            18,730  

Investment in and net advances to unconsolidated affiliates

   (57,373  (8,420      63,463    (2,330

Intercompany advances

   (1,334          1,334      

Decrease (increase) in restricted cash

       412            412  

Capital expenditures

   (1,996  (65,140  (17,168  2    (84,302

Other

       61    (1,835      (1,774

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

 

Net cash provided by (used in) investing activities

   (60,703  (54,357  (19,003  64,799    (69,264

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

 

Cash flows from financing activities:

      

Net changes in revolving notes with maturities of 90 days or less

   60,000        11,625        71,625  

Proceeds from revolving notes with maturities longer than 90 days

           25,159        25,159  

Repayment of revolving notes with maturities longer than 90 days

           (10,000      (10,000

Intercompany advances

   (55,401  52,806    3,929    (1,334    

Proceeds from issuance of notes payable

   230,000        1,250        231,250  

Debt issuance costs

   (11,469           (11,469

Repayments of notes payable

   (306,750  (4,206  (404      (311,360

Proceeds from equity offering

   63,180                63,180  

Expenses from equity offering

   (420              (420

Other

   26                26  

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

 

Net cash provided by (used in) financing activities

   (20,834  48,600    31,559    (1,334  57,991  

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

 

Effect of exchange rate changes

       751    (3,868      (3,117

Increase (decrease) in cash and cash equivalents

   (58,104  (330  9,792        (48,642

Cash and cash equivalents

      

Beginning of period

   91,472    859    6,533        98,864  

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

 

End of period

  $33,368   $529   $16,325   $   $50,222  

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

 

The Greenbrier Companies 2011 Annual Report63


The Greenbrier Companies, Inc.

Condensed Consolidating Balance Sheet

For the year ended August 31, 2010

                     
        Combined
       
     Combined
  Non-
       
     Guarantor
  Guarantor
       
(In thousands) Parent  Subsidiaries  Subsidiaries  Eliminations  Consolidated 
Assets
                    
Cash and cash equivalents $91,472  $859  $6,533  $  $98,864 
Restricted cash     2,525         2,525 
Accounts receivable  33,001   45,154   11,094   3   89,252 
Inventories     121,557   64,047      185,604 
Assets held for sale     28,357   3,469      31,826 
Investment in direct finance leases     1,795         1,795 
Equipment on operating leases, net     304,872      (2,209)  302,663 
Property, plant and equipment, net  6,710   89,246   36,658      132,614 
Goodwill     137,066         137,066 
Intangibles and other assets  525,539   96,680   2,384   (533,924)  90,679 
                     
  $ 656,722  $ 828,111  $ 124,185  $ (536,130) $ 1,072,888 
                     
Liabilities and Equity                    
Revolving notes $  $  $2,630  $  $2,630 
Accounts payable and accrued liabilities  11,180   112,454   58,001   3   181,638 
Deferred income taxes  728   87,582   (6,685)  (489)  81,136 
Deferred revenue  621   9,693   1,063      11,377 
Notes payable  358,255   139,029   1,416      498,700 
Total equity Greenbrier  285,938   479,353   56,291   (535,644)  285,938 
Noncontrolling interest        11,469      11,469 
                     
Total equity
  285,938   479,353   67,760   (535,644)  297,407 
                     
  $656,722  $828,111  $124,185  $(536,130) $1,072,888 
                     

(In thousands)  Parent   Combined
Guarantor
Subsidiaries
   Combined
Non-Guarantor
Subsidiaries
  Eliminations  Consolidated 

Assets

        

Cash and cash equivalents

  $91,472    $859    $6,533   $   $98,864  

Restricted cash

        2,525             2,525  

Accounts receivable, net

   33,001     45,154     11,094    3    89,252  

Inventories

        138,128     66,498        204,626  

Leased railcars for syndication

        11,786     1,018        12,804  

Equipment on operating leases, net

        304,872         (2,209  302,663  

Property, plant and equipment, net

   6,710     89,246     36,658        132,614  

Goodwill

        137,066             137,066  

Intangibles and other assets, net

   525,539     98,475     2,384    (533,924  92,474  

 

  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

 
  $656,722    $828,111    $124,185   $(536,130 $1,072,888  

 

  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

 

Liabilities and Equity

        

Revolving notes

  $    $    $2,630   $   $2,630  

Accounts payable and accrued liabilities

   11,180     112,454     58,001    3    181,638  

Deferred income taxes

   728     87,582     (6,685  (489  81,136  

Deferred revenue

   621     9,693     1,063        11,377  

Notes payable

   358,255     139,029     1,416        498,700  

Total equity Greenbrier

   285,938     479,353     56,291    (535,644  285,938  

Noncontrolling interest

             11,469        11,469  

 

  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

 

Total equity

   285,938     479,353     67,760    (535,644  297,407  

 

  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

 
  $656,722    $828,111    $124,185   $(536,130 $1,072,888  

 

  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

 

6264The Greenbrier Companies 20102011 Annual Report


The Greenbrier Companies, Inc.

Condensed Consolidating Statement of Operations

For the year ended August 31, 2010

                     
        Combined
       
     Combined
  Non-
       
     Guarantor
  Guarantor
       
(In thousands) Parent  Subsidiaries  Subsidiaries  Eliminations  Consolidated 
Revenue
                    
Manufacturing $  $74,526  $242,771  $(21,731) $295,566 
Wheel Services, Refurbishment & Parts     396,680   1,584   (8,203)  390,061 
Leasing & Services  1,803   78,556      (1,536)  78,823 
                     
   1,803   549,762   244,355   (31,470)  764,450 
Cost of revenue
                    
Manufacturing     69,872   218,890   (20,367)  268,395 
Wheels Services, Refurbishment & Parts     351,565   1,160   (8,203)  344,522 
Leasing & Services     41,438      (73)  41,365 
                     
      462,875   220,050   (28,643)  654,282 
Margin
  1,803   86,887   24,305   (2,827)  110,168 
Other costs
                    
Selling and administrative  33,441   21,263   15,227      69,931 
Interest and foreign
exchange
  36,796   4,191   3,687   (1,540)  43,134 
Special items  (11,870)           (11,870)
                     
   58,367   25,454   18,914   (1,540)  101,195 
Earnings (loss) before income taxes and earnings (loss) from unconsolidated affiliates  (56,564)  61,433   5,391   (1,287)  8,973 
Income tax (expense) benefit  24,143   (25,144)  1,710   250   959 
                     
   (32,421)  36,289   7,101   (1,037)  9,932 
Earnings (loss) from unconsolidated affiliates  36,698   (6,179)     (32,120)  (1,601)
                     
Net earnings (loss)  4,277   30,110   7,101   (33,157)  8,331 
Net loss (earnings) attributable to noncontrolling interest        (4,734)  680   (4,054)
                     
Net earnings (loss) attributable to Greenbrier
 $4,277  $30,110  $2,367  $(32,477) $4,277 
 

(In thousands)  Parent  Combined
Guarantor
Subsidiaries
  Combined
Non-Guarantor
Subsidiaries
  Eliminations  Consolidated 

Revenue

      

Manufacturing

  $   $74,526   $242,771   $(21,731 $295,566  

Wheel Services,

Refurbishment & Parts

       395,053    1,584    (8,203  388,434  

Leasing & Services

   1,803    72,013        (1,536  72,280  

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

 
   1,803    541,592    244,355    (31,470  756,280  

Cost of revenue

      

Manufacturing

       69,872    218,890    (20,367  268,395  

Wheels Services,

Refurbishment & Parts

       351,565    1,160    (8,203  344,522  

Leasing & Services

       41,438        (73  41,365  

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

 
       462,875    220,050    (28,643  654,282  

Margin

   1,803    78,717    24,305    (2,827  101,998  

Selling and administrative

   33,441    21,263    15,227        69,931  

Gain on disposition of

equipment

       (8,170          (8,170

Special items

   (11,870              (11,870

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

 

Earnings (loss) from

operations

   (19,768  65,624    9,078    (2,827  52,107  

Other costs

      

Interest and foreign exchange

   38,866    4,191    3,687    (1,540  45,204  

Gain on extinguishment of

debt

   (2,070              (2,070

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

 

Earnings (loss) before income

taxes and earnings (loss) from

unconsolidated affiliates

   (56,564  61,433    5,391    (1,287  8,973  

Income tax (expense) benefit

   24,143    (25,144  1,710    250    959  

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

 
   (32,421  36,289    7,101    (1,037  9,932  

Earnings (loss) from unconsolidated affiliates

   36,698    (6,179      (32,120  (1,601

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

 

Net earnings (loss)

   4,277    30,110    7,101    (33,157  8,331  

Net loss (earnings) attributable to

noncontrolling interest

           (4,734  680    (4,054

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

 

Net earnings (loss) attributable to Greenbrier

  $4,277   $30,110   $2,367   $(32,477 $4,277  

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

 

The Greenbrier Companies 20102011 Annual Report6365  


The Greenbrier Companies, Inc.

Condensed Consolidating Statement of Cash Flows

For the year ended August 31, 2010

                     
        Combined
       
     Combined
  Non-
       
     Guarantor
  Guarantor
       
(In thousands) Parent  Subsidiaries  Subsidiaries  Eliminations  Consolidated 
Cash flows from operating activities:
                    
Net earnings (loss) $4,277  $30,110  $7,101  $ (33,157) $8,331 
Adjustments to reconcile net earnings (loss) to net cash provided by (used in) operating activities:                    
Deferred income taxes  5,898   10,045   427   (1,318)  15,052 
Depreciation and amortization  2,063   28,241   7,280   (73)  37,511 
Gain on sales of equipment     (6,543)        (6,543)
Special items   (11,870)            (11,870)
Accretion of debt discount  8,581            8,581 
Gain on extinguishment of debt  (3,218)           (3,218)
Other  5,175   354   (1,972)  680   4,237 
Decrease (increase) in assets:                    
Accounts receivable  (9,292)  17,743   12,914   1,065   22,430 
Inventories     (20,457)   (23,819)     (44,276)
Assets held for sale     3,100   (3,277)     (177)
Other  1,364   6,773   (966)     7,171 
Increase (decrease) in liabilities:                    
Accounts payable and accrued liabilities  3,143   (9,134)  18,765   3   12,777 
Deferred revenue  (155)  (8,353)  1,063      (7,445)
 
Net cash provided by (used in) operating activities  5,966   51,879   17,516   (32,800)  42,561 
 
Cash flows from investing activities:
                    
Principal payments received under direct finance leases     390         390 
Proceeds from sales of equipment     22,978         22,978 
Investment in and net advances to unconsolidated affiliates  (36,697)  3,650      32,120   (927)
Intercompany advances  7,866         (7,866)   
Contract placement fee     (6,050)        (6,050)
Decrease (increase) in restricted cash     (1,442)        (1,442)
Capital expenditures  (3,645)   (30,430)  (5,594)  680   (38,989)
Other     (130)          (130)
 
Net cash provided by (used in) investing activities  (32,476)  (11,034)  (5,594)  24,934   (24,170)
 
Cash flows from financing activities:
                    
Net changes in revolving notes with maturities of 90 days or less        (11,934)     (11,934)
Proceeds from revolving notes with maturities longer than 90 days        5,698      5,698 
Repayment of revolving notes with maturities longer than 90 days        (5,698)     (5,698)
Intercompany advances  33,850   (34,061)  (7,655)  7,866    
Net proceeds from issuance of notes payable     328   1,712      2,040 
Repayments of notes payable  (32,090)  (5,772)  (405)     (38,267)
Net proceeds from equity offering  52,708            52,708 
Other  29            29 
 
Net cash provided by (used in) financing activities  54,497   (39,505)  (18,282)  7,866   4,576 
 
Effect of exchange rate changes     (902)  612      (290)
Increase (decrease) in cash and cash equivalents  27,987   438   (5,748)     22,677 
Cash and cash equivalents
                    
Beginning of period  63,485   421   12,281      76,187 
 
End of period $91,472  $859  $6,533  $  $98,864 
 

(In thousands)  Parent  Combined
Guarantor
Subsidiaries
  Combined
Non-Guarantor
Subsidiaries
  Eliminations  Consolidated 

Cash flows from operating activities:

      

Net earnings (loss)

  $4,277   $30,110   $7,101   $(33,157 $8,331  

Adjustments to reconcile net earnings (loss) to net cash provided by (used in) operating activities:

      

Deferred income taxes

   5,898    10,045    427    (1,318  15,052  

Depreciation and amortization

   2,063    28,241    7,280    (73  37,511  

Gain on sales of leased equipment

       (6,543          (6,543

Accretion of debt discount

   8,149                8,149  

Stock based compensation

   5,825       5,825  

Special items

   (11,870              (11,870

Gain on extinguishment of debt (non-cash portion)

   (2,070              (2,070

Other

   5,175    354    (1,972  680    4,237  

Decrease (increase) in assets:

      

Accounts receivable

   (9,292  17,743    12,914    1,065    22,430  

Inventories

       (19,135  (26,077      (45,212

Leased railcars for syndication

       1,778    (1,019      759  

Other

   648    6,773    (966      6,455  

Increase (decrease) in liabilities:

      

Accounts payable and accrued liabilities

   3,143    (9,134  18,765    3    12,777  

Deferred revenue

   (155  (8,353  1,063        (7,445

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

 

Net cash provided by (used in) operating activities

   5,966    51,879    17,516    (32,800  42,561  

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

 

Cash flows from investing activities:

      

Proceeds from sales of equipment

       22,978            22,978  

Investment in and net advances to unconsolidated affiliates

   (36,697  3,650        32,120    (927

Intercompany advances

   7,866            (7,866    

Contract placement fee

       (6,050          (6,050

Decrease (increase) in restricted cash

       (1,442          (1,442

Capital expenditures

   (3,645  (30,430  (5,594  680    (38,989

Other

       260      260  

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

 

Net cash provided by (used in) investing activities

   (32,476  (11,034  (5,594  24,934    (24,170

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

 

Cash flows from financing activities:

      

Net changes in revolving notes with maturities of

90 days or less

           (11,934      (11,934

Proceeds from revolving notes with maturities longer than 90 days

           5,698        5,698  

Repayment of revolving notes with maturities longer than 90 days

           (5,698      (5,698

Intercompany advances

   33,850    (34,061  (7,655  7,866      

Proceeds from issuance of notes payable

       328    1,821        2,149  

Debt issuance costs

           (109   (109

Repayments of notes payable

   (32,090  (5,772  (405      (38,267

Proceeds from equity offering

   56,250                56,250  

Expenses from equity offering

   (3,542              (3,542

Other

   29                29  

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

 

Net cash provided by (used in) financing activities

   54,497    (39,505  (18,282  7,866    4,576  

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

 

Effect of exchange rate changes

       (902  612        (290

Increase (decrease) in cash and cash equivalents

   27,987    438    (5,748      22,677  

Cash and cash equivalents

      

Beginning of period

   63,485    421    12,281        76,187  

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

 

End of period

  $91,472   $859   $6,533   $   $98,864  

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

 

6466The Greenbrier Companies 20102011 Annual Report


The Greenbrier Companies, Inc.

Condensed Consolidating Balance Sheet

Statement of Operations

For the year ended August 31, 2009

                     
        Combined
       
     Combined
  Non-
       
     Guarantor
  Guarantor
       
(In thousands) Parent  Subsidiaries  Subsidiaries  Eliminations  Consolidated 
Assets
                    
Cash and cash equivalents $63,485  $421  $12,281  $  $76,187 
Restricted cash     1,083         1,083 
Accounts receivable  65,425   28,213   18,665   1,068   113,371 
Inventories     101,100   41,724      142,824 
Assets held for sale     31,519   192      31,711 
Investment in direct finance leases     7,990         7,990 
Equipment on operating leases, net     314,785      (1,602)  313,183 
Property, plant and equipment, net  5,157   83,907   38,910      127,974 
Goodwill     137,066         137,066 
Intangibles and other assets  492,406   106,121   2,380   (504,005)  96,902 
                     
  $ 626,473  $ 812,205  $ 114,152  $ (504,539) $ 1,048,291 
                     
Liabilities and Equity
                    
Revolving notes $  $  $16,041  $  $16,041 
Accounts payable and accrued liabilities  8,037   121,578   41,274      170,889 
Losses in excess of investment in de-consolidated subsidiary  15,313            15,313 
Deferred income taxes  (2,055)  77,537   (7,112)  829   69,199 
Deferred revenue  776   18,474         19,250 
Notes payable  380,676   144,473         525,149 
Total equity Greenbrier  223,726   450,143   55,225   (505,368)  223,726 
Noncontrolling interest        8,724      8,724 
                     
Total equity
  223,726   450,143   63,949   (505,368)  232,450 
                     
  $626,473  $812,205  $114,152  $(504,539) $1,048,291 
                     

(In thousands)  Parent  Combined
Guarantor
Subsidiaries
  Combined
Non-Guarantor
Subsidiaries
  Eliminations  Consolidated 

Revenue

      

Manufacturing

  $547   $227,404   $336,399   $(101,854 $462,496  

Wheels Service, Refurbishment & Parts

       475,366    31        475,397  

Leasing & Services

   1,314    78,207        (1,223  78,298  

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

 
   1,861    780,977    336,430    (103,077  1,016,191  

Cost of revenue

      

Manufacturing

   124    230,848    328,761    (101,000  458,733  

Wheel Services, Refurbishment & Parts

       420,261    33        420,294  

Leasing & Services

       46,056        (65  45,991  

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

 
   124    697,165    328,794    (101,065  925,018  

Margin

   1,737    83,812    7,636    (2,012  91,173  

Selling and administrative

   31,169    24,729    9,845        65,743  

Gain on disposition of equipment

       (1,459      (475  (1,934

Goodwill impairment

       55,531        136    55,667  

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

 

Earnings (loss) from operations

   (29,432  5,011    (2,209  (1,673  (28,303

Other costs

      

Interest and foreign exchange

   32,859    5,316    8,010    (1,573  44,612  

Loss on extinguishment of debt

   1,154        146        1,300  

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

 

Loss before income taxes and earnings (loss) from unconsolidated affiliates

   (63,445  (305  (10,365  (100  (74,215

Income tax (expense) benefit

   29,821    (16,573  2,606    1,063    16,917  

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

 
   (33,624  (16,878  (7,759  963    (57,298

Earnings (loss) from unconsolidated affiliates

   (22,767  (7,150      29,352    (565

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

 

Net earnings (loss)

   (56,391  (24,028  (7,759  30,315    (57,863

Net loss attributable to noncontrolling interest

           2,202    (730  1,472  

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

 

Net earnings (loss) attributable to Greenbrier

  $(56,391 $(24,028 $(5,557 $29,585   $(56,391

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

 

The Greenbrier Companies 20102011 Annual Report6567  


The Greenbrier Companies, Inc.

Condensed Consolidating Statement of Operations

Cash Flows

For the year ended August 31, 2009

                     
        Combined
       
     Combined
  Non-
       
     Guarantor
  Guarantor
       
(In thousands) Parent  Subsidiaries  Subsidiaries  Eliminations  Consolidated 
Revenue
                    
Manufacturing $547  $227,404  $336,399  $(101,854) $462,496 
Wheels Service, Refurbishment & Parts     476,133   31      476,164 
Leasing & Services  1,314   78,899      (748)  79,465 
 
   1,861   782,436   336,430   (102,602)  1,018,125 
Cost of revenue
                    
Manufacturing  124   230,848   328,761   (101,000)  458,733 
Wheel Services, Refurbishment & Parts     420,261   33      420,294 
Leasing & Services     46,056      (65)  45,991 
 
   124   697,165   328,794   (101,065)  925,018 
Margin
  1,737   85,271   7,636   (1,537)  93,107 
Other costs
                    
Selling and administrative  31,169   24,729   9,845      65,743 
Interest and foreign exchange  34,013   5,316   8,156   (1,573)  45,912 
Special charges     55,531      136   55,667 
 
   65,182   85,576   18,001   (1,437)  167,322 
Loss before income taxes and earnings (loss) from unconsolidated affiliates  (63,445)  (305)  (10,365)  (100)  (74,215)
Income tax (expense) benefit  29,821   (16,573)  2,606   1,063   16,917 
                     
   (33,624)  (16,878)  (7,759)  963   (57,298)
Earnings (loss) from unconsolidated affiliates  (22,767)  (7,150)     29,352   (565)
                     
Net earnings (loss)  (56,391)  (24,028)  (7,759)  30,315   (57,863)
Net loss attributable to noncontrolling interest        2,202   (730)  1,472 
 
Net earnings (loss) attributable to Greenbrier
 $(56,391) $(24,028) $(5,557) $29,585  $(56,391)
 

(In thousands)  Parent  Combined
Guarantor
Subsidiaries
  Combined
Non-Guarantor
Subsidiaries
  Eliminations  Consolidated 

Cash flows from operating activities:

      

Net earnings (loss)

  $(56,391 $(24,028 $(7,759 $30,315   $(57,863

Adjustments to reconcile net earnings (loss) to net cash provided by (used in) operating activities:

      

Deferred income taxes

   (16,609  5,820    (2,800  290    (13,299

Depreciation and amortization

   1,544    28,797    7,393    (65  37,669  

Gain on sales of leased equipment

       (692      (475  (1,167

Accretion of debt discount

   4,948                4,948  

Goodwill impairment

       55,531        136    55,667  

Loss on extinguishment of debt (non-cash portion)

   915                915  

Other

       3,402    2,111    (1,930  3,583  

Decrease (increase) in assets:

      

Accounts receivable

   (6,940  75,691    (9,163  (1,067  58,521  

Inventories

       46,579    62,890        109,469  

Leased railcars for syndication

       10,752    371        11,123  

Other

   (1,192  1,614    6,028    (6,208  242  

Increase (decrease) in liabilities:

      

Accounts payable and accrued liabilities

   15,522    (58,533  (44,199  696    (86,514

Deferred revenue

   (155  1,202    (3,876      (2,829

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

 

Net cash provided by (used in) operating activities

   (58,358  146,135    10,996    21,692    120,465  

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

 

Cash flows from investing activities:

      

Proceeds from sales of equipment

       15,555            15,555  

Investment in and net advances to unconsolidated affiliates

   15,359    6,585        (21,944    

Intercompany advances

   (26,958          26,958      

Decrease (increase) in restricted cash

       (1,083  974        (109

Capital expenditures

   (2,699  (30,642  (5,758  252    (38,847

Other

       429            429  

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

 

Net cash provided by (used in) investing activities

   (14,298  (9,156  (4,784  5,266    (22,972

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

 

Cash flows from financing activities:

      

Net changes in revolving notes with maturities of 90 days or less

   (65,000      (16,251      (81,251

Intercompany advances

   133,592    (126,496  19,862    (26,958    

Proceeds from issuance of notes payable

   75,000                75,000  

Debt issuance costs

   (5,232              (5,232

Repayments of notes payable

   (4,339  (8,183  (3,914      (16,436

Investment by joint venture partner

           1,400        1,400  

Dividends paid

   (2,001              (2,001

Other

   3,973                3,973  

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

 

Net cash provided by (used in) financing activities

   135,993    (134,679  1,097    (26,958  (24,547

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

 

Effect of exchange rate changes

   148    (3,472  608        (2,716

Increase (decrease) in cash and cash equivalents

   63,485    (1,172  7,917        70,230  

Cash and cash equivalents

      

Beginning of period

       1,593    4,364        5,957  

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

 

End of period

  $63,485   $421   $12,281   $   $76,187  

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

 

6668The Greenbrier Companies 20102011 Annual Report


Quarterly Results of Operations (Unaudited)


Operating results by quarter for 2011 are as follows:

(In thousands, except per share amount)  First  Second  Third  Fourth  Total 

2011

      

Revenue

      

Manufacturing

  $85,440   $156,621   $173,487   $305,554   $721,102  

Wheel Services, Refurbishment & Parts

   95,268    112,015    126,317    119,265    452,865  

Leasing & Services

   18,226    15,704    17,476    17,917    69,323  

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

 
   198,934    284,340    317,280    442,736    1,243,290  

Cost of revenue

      

Manufacturing

   79,747    147,552    158,674    275,154    661,127  

Wheel Services, Refurbishment & Parts

   86,411    101,413    111,202    106,423    405,449  

Leasing & Services

   9,120    8,725    9,254    10,084    37,183  

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

 
   175,278    257,690    279,130    391,661    1,103,759  

Margin

   23,656    26,650    38,150    51,075    139,531  

Selling and administrative

   17,938    17,693    22,580    22,115    80,326  

Gain on disposition of equipment

   (2,510  (1,961  (1,678  (2,220  (8,369

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

 

Earnings from operations

   8,228    10,918    17,248    31,180    67, 574  

Other costs

      

Interest and foreign exchange

   10,304    10,536    9,807    6,345    36,992  

Loss on extinguishment of debt

           10,007    5,650    15,657  

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

 

Earnings before income tax and loss from unconsolidated affiliates

   (2,076  382    (2,566  19,185    14,925  

Income tax benefit (expense)

   611    (100  301    (4,376  (3,564

Loss from unconsolidated affiliates

   (587  (575  (539  (1,273  (2,974

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

 

Net earnings (loss)

   (2,052  (293  (2,804  13,536    8,387  

Net earnings attributable to Noncontrolling interest

   (252  (257  (510  (902  (1,921

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

 

Net earnings (loss) attributable to Greenbrier

  $(2,304 $(550 $(3,314 $12,634   $6,466  

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

 

Basic earnings (loss) per common share:

  $(0.11 $(0.02 $(0.14 $0.50   $0.27(1) 

Diluted earnings (loss) per common share:

  $(0.11 $(0.02 $(0.14 $0.42   $0.24(2) 

(1)

Quarterly amounts do not total to the year to date amount as each period is calculated discretely. Unvested restricted stock awards are excluded from the per share calculation for the first, second and third quarters due to a net loss in each of those periods.

(2)

Quarterly amounts do not total to the year to date amount as each period is calculated discretely. The dilutive effect of warrants is excluded from per share calculations for the first, second and third quarters due to net loss for those periods. The fourth quarter dilutive earnings per common share includes the outstanding warrants using the treasury stock method, which equates to 2.3 million shares, and the dilutive effect of 6.0 million shares underlying the 2018 Convertible Notes using the “if converted” method under which $1.4 million of debt issuance and interest costs, net of tax, were added back to net earnings.

The Greenbrier Companies, Inc.
    Condensed Consolidating Statement of Cash Flows
    For the year ended August 31, 2009
                     
        Combined
       
     Combined
  Non-
       
     Guarantor
  Guarantor
       
(In thousands) Parent  Subsidiaries  Subsidiaries  Eliminations  Consolidated 
Cash flows from operating activities:
                    
Net earnings (loss) $(56,391) $(24,028) $(7,759) $30,315  $(57,863)
Adjustments to reconcile net earnings (loss) to net cash provided by (used in) operating activities:                    
Deferred income taxes  (16,609)  5,820   (2,800)  290   (13,299)
Depreciation and amortization  1,544   28,797   7,393   (65)  37,669 
Gain on sales of equipment     (692)     (475)  (1,167)
Special items     55,531      136   55,667 
Accretion of debt discount  4,948            4,948 
Other     3,402   2,111   (1,930)  3,583 
Decrease (increase) in assets:                    
Accounts receivable  (6,940)  75,691   (9,163)  (1,067)  58,521 
Inventories     42,456   56,295      98,751 
Assets held for sale     14,875   6,966      21,841 
Other  (277)  1,614   6,028   (6,208)  1,157 
Increase (decrease) in liabilities:                    
Accounts payable and accrued liabilities  15,522   (58,533)  (44,199)  696   (86,514)
Deferred revenue  (155)  1,202   (3,876)     (2,829)
 
Net cash provided by (used in) operating activities  (58,358)  146,135   10,996   21,692   120,465 
 
Cash flows from investing activities:
                    
Principal payments received under direct finance leases     429         429 
Proceeds from sales of equipment     15,555         15,555 
Investment in and net advances to unconsolidated affiliates  15,359   6,585      (21,944)   
Intercompany advances  (26,958)        26,958    
Decrease (increase) in restricted cash     (1,083)  974      (109)
Capital expenditures  (2,699)  (30,642)  (5,758)  252   (38,847)
 
Net cash provided by (used in) investing activities  (14,298)  (9,156)  (4,784)  5,266   (22,972)
 
Cash flows from financing activities:
                    
Net changes in revolving notes with maturities of 90 days or less  (65,000)     (16,251)     (81,251)
Intercompany advances  133,592   (126,496)  19,862   (26,958)   
Net proceeds from issuance of notes payable  69,768            69,768 
Repayments of notes payable  (4,339)  (8,183)  (3,914)     (16,436)
Investment by joint venture partner        1,400      1,400 
Dividends paid  (2,001)           (2,001)
Other  3,973            3,973 
 
Net cash provided by (used in) financing activities  135,993   (134,679)  1,097   (26,958)  (24,547)
                     
Effect of exchange rate changes  148   (3,472)  608      (2,716)
Increase (decrease) in cash and cash equivalents  63,485   (1,172)  7,917      70,230 
Cash and cash equivalents
                    
Beginning of period     1,593   4,364      5,957 
                     
End of period $63,485  $421  $12,281  $  $76,187 
 

The Greenbrier Companies 2010 Annual Report67 


The Greenbrier Companies, Inc.
    Condensed Consolidating Statement of Operations
    For the year ended August 31, 2008
                     
        Combined
       
     Combined
  Non-
       
     Guarantor
  Guarantor
       
(In thousands) Parent  Subsidiaries  Subsidiaries  Eliminations  Consolidated 
Revenue
                    
Manufacturing $1,869  $368,285  $543,526  $(248,587) $665,093 
Wheel Services, Refurbishment & Parts     527,413   53      527,466 
Leasing & Services  1,162   96,854      (496)  97,520 
 
   3,031   992,552   543,579   (249,083)  1,290,079 
Cost of revenue
                    
Manufacturing  600   371,940   529,743   (248,404)  653,879 
Wheel Services, Refurbishment & Parts     426,138   45      426,183 
Leasing & Services     47,836      (62)  47,774 
 
   600   845,914   529,788   (248,466)  1,127,836 
Margin
  2,431   146,638   13,791   (617)  162,243 
Other costs
                    
Selling and administrative  32,927   35,601   16,606   (1)  85,133 
Interest and foreign exchange  31,593   5,946   7,280   (499)  44,320 
Special items        2,302      2,302 
 
   64,520   41,547   26,188   (500)  131,755 
Earnings (loss) before income taxes and earnings (loss) from unconsolidated affiliates  (62,089)  105,091   (12,397)  (117)  30,488 
Income tax (expense) benefit  27,018   (42,194)  (3,146)  1,163   (17,159)
 
   (35,071)  62,897   (15,543)  1,046   13,329 
Earnings (loss) from unconsolidated affiliates  52,454   4,359      (55,941)  872 
                     
Net earnings (loss)  17,383   67,256   (15,543)  (54,895)  14,201 
Net loss attributable to noncontrolling interest        4,245   (1,063)  3,182 
                     
Net earnings (loss) attributable to Greenbrier
 $17,383  $67,256  $(11,298) $(55,958) $17,383 
 
68The Greenbrier Companies 20102011 Annual Report69


The Greenbrier Companies, Inc.
    Condensed Consolidating Statement of Cash Flows
    For the year ended August 31, 2008
                     
        Combined
       
     Combined
  Non-
       
     Guarantor
  Guarantor
       
(In thousands) Parent  Subsidiaries  Subsidiaries  Eliminations  Consolidated 
Cash flows from operating activities:
                    
Net earnings (loss) $17,383  $67,256  $(15,543) $(54,895) $14,201 
Adjustments to reconcile net earnings (loss) to net cash provided by (used in) operating activities:                    
Deferred income taxes  37   12,165   (1,352)  678   11,528 
Depreciation and amortization  668   27,501   6,979   (62)  35,086 
Gain on sales of equipment     (8,007)     (3)  (8,010)
Special items        2,302      2,302 
Accretion of debt discount  3,550            3,550 
Other  (136)  428   1,150   (1,052)  390 
Decrease (increase) in assets:                    
Accounts receivable  4   (6,538)  (1,084)  (3)  (7,621)
Inventories     (25,099)  (4,593)     (29,692)
Assets held for sale     (17,525)  6,904      (10,621)
Other  1,086   (3,638)  19,123   (19,271)  (2,700)
Increase (decrease) in liabilities:                    
Accounts payable and accrued liabilities  20,108   3,375   (987)  (695)  21,801 
Deferred revenue  (155)  9,257   (7,198)     1,904 
                     
Net cash provided by (used in) operating activities  42,545   59,175   5,701   (75,303)  32,118 
                     
Cash flows from investing activities:
                    
Principal payments received under direct finance leases     375         375 
Proceeds from sales of equipment     14,598         14,598 
Investment in and net advances to unconsolidated affiliates  (71,735)  (2,629)     75,222   858 
Acquisitions, net of cash acquired     (91,166)        (91,166)
De-consolidation of subsidiary        (1,217)     (1,217)
Decrease in restricted cash        2,046      2,046 
Capital expenditures  (2,379)  (55,922)  (19,434)  91   (77,644)
                     
Net cash provided by (used in) investing activities  (74,114)  (134,744)  (18,605)  75,313   (152,150)
                     
Cash flows from financing activities:
                    
Net changes in revolving notes with maturities of 90 days or less  65,000      (9,486)     55,514 
Intercompany advances  (42,735)  31,576   11,159       
Proceeds from issuance of notes payable     49,613         49,613 
Repayments of notes payable  (1,349)  (4,278)  (1,292)     (6,919)
Investment by joint venture partner        6,600      6,600 
Dividends paid  (5,261)           (5,261)
Other  3,931            3.931 
                     
Net cash provided by financing activities  19,586   76,911   6,981      103,478 
                     
Effect of exchange rate changes  (3,439)  251   4,901   (10)  1,703 
Increase (decrease) in cash and cash equivalents  (15,422)  1,593   (1,022)     (14,851)
Cash and cash equivalents
                    
Beginning of period  15,422      5,386      20,808 
                     
End of period $  $1,593  $4,364  $  $5,957 
 
The Greenbrier Companies 2010 Annual Report69 


Quarterly Results of Operations (Unaudited)

Operating results by quarter for 2010 are as follows:

                     
(In thousands, except per share amount) First  Second  Third  Fourth  Total 
2010
                    
Revenue
                    
Manufacturing $60,078  $88,065  $77,877  $69,546  $295,566 
Wheel Services, Refurbishment & Parts  92,983   94,329   112,186   90,563   390,061 
Leasing & Services  18,632   17,556   21,392   21,243   78,823 
                     
   171,693   199,950   211,455   181,352   764,450 
                     
Cost of revenue
                    
Manufacturing  55,847   81,608   68,931   62,009   268,395 
Wheel Services, Refurbishment & Parts  83,286   83,387   96,725   81,124   344,522 
Leasing & Services  10,918   10,789   9,931   9,727   41,365 
                     
   150,051   175,784   175,587   152,860   654,282 
Margin
  21,642   24,166   35,868   28,492   110,168 
                     
Other costs
                    
Selling and administrative  16,208   16,958   17,519   19,246   69,931 
Interest and foreign exchange  11,112   12,406   9,536   10,080   43,134 
Special items           (11,870)  (11,870)(1)
                     
   27,320   29,364   27,055   17,456   101,195 
Earnings (loss) before income tax and loss from unconsolidated affiliates  (5,678)  (5,198)  8,813   11,036   8,973 
Income tax benefit (expense)  2,500   944   (2,418)  (67)  959 
Loss from unconsolidated affiliates  (183)  (131)  (318)  (969)  (1,601)
                     
Net earnings (loss)  (3,361)  (4,385)  6,077   10,000   8,331 
Net loss (earnings) attributable to noncontrolling interest  117   (367)  (1,514)  (2,290)  (4,054)
                     
Net earnings (loss) attributable to Greenbrier
 $(3,244) $(4,752) $4,563  $7,710  $4,277 
                     
Basic earnings (loss) per common share:
 $(0.19) $(0.28) $0.25  $0.35  $0.23 
Diluted earnings (loss) per common share:
 $(0.19) $(0.28) $0.23  $0.33  $0.21(2)

(In thousands, except per share amount)  First  Second  Third  Fourth  Total 

2010

      

Revenue

      

Manufacturing

  $60,078   $88,065   $77,877   $69,546   $295,566  

Wheel Services, Refurbishment & Parts

   92,300    94,329    111,242    90,563    388,434  

Leasing & Services

   17,781    17,455    18,312    18,732    72,280  

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

 
   170,159    199,849    207,431    178,841    756,280  

Cost of revenue

      

Manufacturing

   55,847    81,608    68,931    62,009    268,395  

Wheel Services, Refurbishment & Parts

   83,286    83,387    96,725    81,124    344,522  

Leasing & Services

   10,918    10,789    9,931    9,727    41,365  

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

 
   150,051    175,784    175,587    152,860    654,282  

Margin

   20,108    24,065    31,844    25,981    101,998  

Selling and administrative

   16,208    16,958    17,519    19,246    69,931  

Gain on disposition of equipment

   (1,534  (101  (4,024  (2,511  (8,170

Special items

               (11,870  (11,870)(1) 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

 

Earnings from operations

   5,434    7,208    18,349    21,116    52,107  

Other costs

      

Interest and foreign exchange

   11,112    12,406    10,811    10,875    45,204  

Gain on extinguishment of debt

           (1,275  (795  (2,070

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

 

Earnings (loss) before income tax and loss from unconsolidated affiliates

   (5,678  (5,198  8,813    11,036    8,973  

Income tax benefit (expense)

   2,500    944    (2,418  (67  959  

Loss from unconsolidated affiliates

   (183  (131  (318  (969  (1,601

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

 

Net earnings (loss)

   (3,361  (4,385  6,077    10,000    8,331  

Net loss (earnings) attributable to noncontrolling interest

   117    (367  (1,514  (2,290  (4,054

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

 

Net earnings (loss) attributable to Greenbrier

  $(3,244 $(4,752 $4,563   $7,710   $4,277  

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

 

Basic earnings (loss) per common share:

  $(0.19 $(0.28 $0.25   $0.35   $0.23  

Diluted earnings (loss) per common share:

  $(0.19 $(0.28 $0.23   $0.33   $0.21(2)  

(1)
(1)

2010 includes income of $11.9 million net of tax for a special item related to the release of the liability associated with the 2008 de-consolidation of our former Canadian subsidiary.

(2)

Quarterly amounts do not total to the year to date amount as each period is calculated discretely. The dilutive effect of common stock equivalents isoptions and warrants are excluded from per share calculations for the first and second quarters due to a net loss for those periods.

70The Greenbrier Companies 20102011 Annual Report


Quarterly Results of Operations (Unaudited)
Operating results by quarter for 2009 are as follows:
                     
(In thousands, except per share amount) First  Second  Third  Fourth  Total 
2009
                    
Revenue
                    
Manufacturing $102,717  $145,574  $105,986  $108,219  $462,496 
Wheel Services, Refurbishment & Parts  132,279   121,681   120,190   102,014   476,164 
Leasing & Services  21,133   19,877   18,272   20,183   79,465 
                     
   256,129   287,132   244,448   230,416   1,018,125 
                     
Cost of revenue
                    
Manufacturing  106,923   152,003   100,847   98,960   458,733 
Wheel Services, Refurbishment & Parts  119,326   107,427   104,859   88,682   420,294 
Leasing & Services  11,929   11,547   12,049   10,466   45,991 
                     
   238,178   270,977   217,755   198,108   925,018 
Margin
  17,951   16,155   26,693   32,308   93,107 
                     
Other costs
                    
Selling and administrative  15,980   16,265   15,886   17,612   65,743 
Interest and foreign exchange  11,771   9,146   11,710   13,285   45,912 
Special items        55,667      55,667 
                     
   27,751   25,411   83,263   30,897   167,322 
Earnings (loss) before income tax and earnings (loss) from unconsolidated affiliates  (9,800)  (9,256)  (56,570)  1,411   (74,215)
Income tax benefit  4,906   1,698   5,217   5,096   16,917 
Earnings (loss) in earnings (loss) from unconsolidated affiliates  434   (251)  (457)  (291)  (565)
                     
Net earnings (loss)  (4,460)  (7,809)  (51,810)  6,216   (57,863)
Net loss (earnings) attributable to noncontrolling interest  568   351   687   (134)  1,472 
                     
Net earnings (loss) attributable to Greenbrier
 $(3,892) $(7,458) $(51,123) $6,082  $(56,391)
                     
Basic earnings (loss) per common share:
 $(0.23) $(0.45) $(3.04) $0.36  $(3.35)
Diluted earnings (loss) per common share:
 $(0.23) $(0.45) $(3.04) $0.33  $(3.35)(1)
(1)Quarterly amounts do not total the year to date amount as each period is calculated discretely. The dilutive effect of common stock equivalents is excluded from per share calculations for the first three quarters and the year ended August 31, 2009 due to a net loss for those periods.
The Greenbrier Companies 2010 Annual Report71 


Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm
To the

The Board of Directors and Stockholders

The Greenbrier Companies, Inc.

We have audited the accompanying consolidated balance sheetssheet of The Greenbrier Companies, Inc. and subsidiaries (the “Company”) as of August 31, 20102011 and 2009,the related consolidated statements of operations, equity and comprehensive income (loss), and cash flows for the year ended August 31, 2011. These consolidated financial statements are the responsibility of the Company’s management. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on these consolidated financial statements based on our audit.

We conducted our audit in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States). Those standards require that we plan and perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the financial statements are free of material misstatement. An audit includes examining, on a test basis, evidence supporting the amounts and disclosures in the financial statements. An audit also includes assessing the accounting principles used and significant estimates made by management, as well as evaluating the overall financial statement presentation. We believe that our audit provides a reasonable basis for our opinion.

In our opinion, the consolidated financial statements referred to above present fairly, in all material respects, the financial position of The Greenbrier Companies, Inc. and subsidiaries as of August 31, 2011, and the results of their operations and their cash flows for the year then ended in conformity with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles.

We also have audited, in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States), the Company’s internal control over financial reporting as of August 31, 2011, based on criteria established inInternal Control – Integrated Framework issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission (COSO), and our report dated November 3, 2011 expressed an unqualified opinion on the effectiveness of the Company’s internal control over financial reporting.

/s/ KPMG LLP

Portland, Oregon

November 3, 2011

The Greenbrier Companies 2011 Annual Report71


Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm

To the Board of Directors and Stockholders

The Greenbrier Companies, Inc.

We have audited the accompanying consolidated balance sheet of The Greenbrier Companies, Inc. and subsidiaries (the “Company”) as of August 31, 2010, and the related consolidated statements of operations, equity and comprehensive income (loss), and cash flows for each of the threetwo years in the period ended August 31, 2010. These financial statements are the responsibility of the Company’s management. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on these financial statements based on our audits.

We conducted our audits in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States). Those standards require that we plan and perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the financial statements are free of material misstatement. An audit includes examining, on a test basis, evidence supporting the amounts and disclosures in the financial statements. An audit also includes assessing the accounting principles used and significant estimates made by management, as well as evaluating the overall financial statement presentation. We believe that our audits provide a reasonable basis for our opinion.

In our opinion, such consolidated financial statements present fairly, in all material respects, the financial position of The Greenbrier Companies, Inc. and subsidiaries as of August 31, 2010, and 2009, and the results of their operations and their cash flows for each of the threetwo years in the period ended August 31, 2010, in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America.

We have also audited, in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States), the Company’s internal control over financial reporting as of August 31, 2010, based on the criteria established inInternal Control — Integrated Framework issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commissionand our report dated

Portland, Oregon

November 10, 2010 expressed an unqualified opinion on the Company’s internal control over financial reporting.

Portland, Oregon

(November 10, 2010

3, 2011 as to Note 11)

72The Greenbrier Companies 2011 Annual Report


Item 9.CHANGES IN AND DISAGREEMENTS WITH ACCOUNTANTS ON ACCOUNTING AND FINANCIAL DISCLOSURE

None.

72The Greenbrier Companies 2010 Annual Report


Item 9a.CONTROLS AND PROCEDURES

Evaluation of Disclosure Controls and Procedures

Our management has evaluated, under the supervision and with the participation of our President and Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, the effectiveness of our disclosure controls and procedures as of the end of the period covered by this report pursuant toRule 13a-15(b) under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 (the Exchange Act). Based on that evaluation, our President and Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer have concluded that, as of the end of the period covered by this report, our disclosure controls and procedures were effective in ensuring that information required to be disclosed in our Exchange Act reports is (1) recorded, processed, summarized and reported in a timely manner, and (2) accumulated and communicated to our management, including our President and Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, as appropriate to allow timely decisions regarding required disclosure.

Changes in Internal Controls

There

During 2011, we commenced implementation of a new ERP system at our Portland, Oregon and Monclova, Mexico manufacturing facilities. The ERP implementation is accompanied by process changes and improvements, which we believe will have been no material changes in oura favorable impact on the Company’s internal control over financial reporting. The key controls surrounding the ERP system have been identified and are subject to our Sarbanes-Oxley testing.

There were no additional changes, other than those noted above, in the Company’s internal controls over financial reporting that occurred during our last fiscalthe quarter ended August 31, 2011 that have materially affected, or are reasonably likely to materially affect, ourthe Company’s internal control over financial reporting.

Management’s Report on Internal Control over Financial Reporting

Management of The Greenbrier Companies, Inc. together with its consolidated subsidiaries (the Company), is responsible for establishing and maintaining adequate internal control over financial reporting. The Company’s internal control over financial reporting is a process designed under the supervision of the Company’s principal executive and principal financial officers to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of the Company’s financial statements for external reporting purposes in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America.

As of the end of the Company’s 20102011 fiscal year, management conducted an assessment of the effectiveness of the Company’s internal control over financial reporting based on the framework established in Internal Control — Integrated Framework issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission (COSO). Based on this assessment, management has determined that the Company’s internal control over financial reporting as of August 31, 20102011 is effective.

Our independent registered public accounting firm, Deloitte & ToucheKPMG LLP, independently assessed the effectiveness of the Company’s internal control over financial reporting, as stated in their attestation report, which is included at the end of Part II, Item 9A of thisForm 10-K.

The Greenbrier Companies 2011 Annual Report73


Inherent Limitations on Effectiveness of Controls

The Company’s management, including the Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, does not expect that our disclosure controls and procedures or our internal control over financial reporting will prevent or detect all error and all fraud. A control system, no matter how well designed and operated, can provide only reasonable, not absolute, assurance that the control system’s objectives will be met. The design of a control system must reflect the fact that there are resource constraints, and the benefits of controls must be considered relative to their costs. Further, because of the inherent limitations in all control systems, no evaluation of controls can provide absolute assurance that misstatements due to error or fraud will not occur or that all control issues and instances of fraud, if any, within the Company have been detected. These inherent limitations include the realities that judgments in decision-making can be faulty and that breakdowns can occur because of simple error or mistake. Controls can also be circumvented by the individual acts of some persons, by collusion of two or more people, or by management override of the controls. The design of any system of controls is based in part on certain assumptions about the likelihood of future events, and there can be no assurance that any design will succeed in achieving its stated goals under all potential future conditions. Projections of any evaluation of controls effectiveness to future periods are subject to risks. Over time, controls may become inadequate because of changes in conditions or deterioration in the degree of compliance with policies or procedures.

74The Greenbrier Companies 20102011 Annual Report73 


REPORT OF INDEPENDENT REGISTERED PUBLIC ACCOUNTING FIRM


Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm
To theThe Board of Directors and Stockholders

The Greenbrier Companies, Inc.

We have audited the internal control over financial reporting of The Greenbrier Companies, Inc. and subsidiaries (the “Company”) internal control over financial reporting as of August 31, 20102011 based on criteria established inInternal Control Integrated Framework issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission (COSO). The Company’s management is responsible for maintaining effective internal control over financial reporting and for its assessment of the effectiveness of internal control over financial reporting, included in the accompanying “Management’sManagement’s Report on Internal Control over Financial Reporting”.Reporting. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on the Company’s internal control over financial reporting based on our audit.

We conducted our audit in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States). Those standards require that we plan and perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether effective internal control over financial reporting was maintained in all material respects. Our audit included obtaining an understanding of internal control over financial reporting, assessing the risk that a material weakness exists, and testing and evaluating the design and operating effectiveness of internal control based on the assessed risk, andrisk. Our audit also included performing such other procedures as we considered necessary in the circumstances. We believe that our audit provides a reasonable basis for our opinion.

A company’s internal control over financial reporting is a process designed by, or under the supervision of, the company’s principal executive and principal financial officers, or persons performing similar functions, and effected by the company’s board of directors, management, and other personnel to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles. A company’s internal control over financial reporting includes those policies and procedures that (1) pertain to the maintenance of records that, in reasonable detail, accurately and fairly reflect the transactions and dispositions of the assets of the company; (2) provide reasonable assurance that transactions are recorded as necessary to permit preparation of financial statements in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles, and that receipts and expenditures of the company are being made only in accordance with authorizations of management and directors of the company; and (3) provide reasonable assurance regarding prevention or timely detection of unauthorized acquisition, use, or disposition of the company’s assets that could have a material effect on the financial statements.

Because of theits inherent limitations, of internal control over financial reporting including the possibility of collusion or improper management override of controls, material misstatements due to error or fraud may not be preventedprevent or detected on a timely basis.detect misstatements. Also, projections of any evaluation of the effectiveness of the internal control over financial reporting to future periods are subject to the risk that the controls may become inadequate because of changes in conditions, or that the degree of compliance with the policies or procedures may deteriorate.

In our opinion, the Company maintained, in all material respects, effective internal control over financial reporting as of August 31, 2010,2011 based on the criteria established inInternal Control Integrated Framework issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission.

We also have also audited, in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States), the consolidated financial statementsbalance sheet of the Company as of August 31, 2011 and the related consolidated statements of operations, equity and comprehensive income (loss), and cash flows for the year ended August 31, 2010 of the Company2011, and our report dated November 10, 20103, 2011 expressed an unqualified opinion on those consolidated financial statements.

/s/ KPMG LLP

Portland, Oregon

November 10, 2010

3, 2011

The Greenbrier Companies 2011 Annual Report75


Item 9B.
Item 9b. OTHER INFORMATION

None

74The Greenbrier Companies 2010 Annual Report


PART III

Item 10.DIRECTORS AND EXECUTIVE OFFICERS AND CORPORATE GOVERNANCE

There is hereby incorporated by reference the information under the captions “Election of Directors”Directors,” “Board Committees, Meetings and Charters,” “Section 16(a) Beneficial Ownership Reporting Compliance” and “Executive Officers of the Company” in the Company’s definitive Proxy Statement to be filed pursuant to Regulation 14A, which Proxy Statement is anticipated to be filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission within 120 days after the end of Registrant’s year ended August 31, 2010.

2011.

Item 11.EXECUTIVE COMPENSATION

There is hereby incorporated by reference the information under the caption “Executive Compensation” and “Compensation Committee Report” in Registrant’s definitive Proxy Statement to be filed pursuant to Regulation 14A, which Proxy Statement is anticipated to be filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission within 120 days after the end of Registrant’s year ended August 31, 2010.

2011.

Item 12.SECURITY OWNERSHIP OF CERTAIN BENEFICIAL OWNERS AND MANAGEMENT AND RELATED STOCKHOLDERS MATTERS

There is hereby incorporated by reference the information under the captions “Voting” and “Security Ownership of Certain Beneficial Owners and Management” and “Equity Compensation Plan Information” in Registrant’s definitive Proxy Statement to be filed pursuant to Regulation 14A, which Proxy Statement is anticipated to be filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission within 120 days after the end of Registrant’s year ended August 31, 2010.

2011.

Item 13.CERTAIN RELATIONSHIPS AND RELATED TRANSACTIONS AND DIRECTOR INDEPENDENCE

There is hereby incorporated by reference the information under the caption “Certain Relationships“Transactions with Related Persons” and Related Party Transactions”“Independence of Directors” in Registrant’s definitive Proxy Statement to be filed pursuant to Regulation 14A, which Proxy Statement is anticipated to be filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission within 120 days after the end of Registrant’s year ended August 31, 2010.

2011.

Item 14.PRINCIPAL ACCOUNTING FEES AND SERVICES

There is hereby incorporated by reference the information under the caption “Ratification of Appointment of Auditors” in Registrant’s definitive Proxy Statement to be filed pursuant to Regulation 14A, which Proxy Statement is anticipated to be filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission within 120 days after the end of the Registrant’s year ended August 31, 2010.

2011.

76The Greenbrier Companies 20102011 Annual Report75 


PART IV

Item 15.EXHIBITS AND FINANCIAL STATEMENT SCHEDULES
           (1) Financial Statements

(1)

Financial Statements

See Consolidated Financial Statements in Item 8

(a)      (2) Financial Statements Schedule*

All other schedules have been omitted because they are inapplicable, not required or because the information is given in the Consolidated Financial Statements or notes thereto. This supplemental schedule should be read in conjunction with the Consolidated Financial Statements and notes thereto included in this report.
 (a)    (3)

(2) Financial Statements Schedule*

All other schedules have been omitted because they are inapplicable, not required or because the information is given in the Consolidated Financial Statements or notes thereto. This supplemental schedule should be read in conjunction with the Consolidated Financial Statements and notes thereto included in this report.

(a)

(3) The following exhibits are filed herewith and this list is intended to constitute the exhibit index:

     
 3.1 Registrant’s Articles of Incorporation are incorporated herein by reference by Exhibit 3.1 to the Registrant’sForm 10-Q filed April 5, 2006.
 3.2 Articles of Merger amending the Registrant’s Articles of Incorporation, is incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 3.2 to the Registrant’sForm 10-Q filed April 5, 2006.
 3.3 Registrant’s Bylaws, as amended January 11, 2006, are incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 3.3 to the Registrant’sForm 10-Q filed April 5, 2006.
 3.4 Amendment to the Registrant’s Bylaws dated October 31, 2006, is incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 3.1 to the Registrant’sForm 8-K filed November 6, 2006.
 3.5 Amendment to the Registrant’s Bylaws dated January 8, 2008, is incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 3.1 to the Registrant’sForm 8-K filed November 8, 2007.
 3.6 Amendment to the Registrant’s Bylaws dated April 8, 2008, is incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 3.1 to the Registrant’sForm 8-K filed April 11, 2008.
 3.7 Amendment to the Registrant’s Bylaws dated April 7, 2009, is incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 3.1 to the Registrant’sForm 8-K filed April 13, 2009.
 3.8 Amendment to the Registrant’s Bylaws dated June 8, 2009, is incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 3.1 to the Registrant’sForm 8-K filed June 10, 2009.
 3.9 Amendment to the Registrant’s Bylaws dated June 10, 2009, is incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 3.1 to the Registrant’sForm 8-K filed June 12, 2009.
 4.1 Specimen Common Stock Certificate of Registrant is incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 4.1 to the Registrant’s Registration Statement onForm S-3 filed April 7, 2010 (SEC File Number333-165924).
 4.2 Indenture between the Registrant, AutoStack Corporation, Greenbrier-Concarril, LLC, Greenbrier Leasing Corporation, Greenbrier Leasing Limited Partner, LLC, Greenbrier Management Services, LLC, Greenbrier Leasing, L.P., Greenbrier Railcar, Inc., Gunderson, Inc., Gunderson Marine, Inc., Gunderson Rail Services, Inc., Gunderson Specialty Products, LLC and U.S. Bank National Association as Trustee dated May 11, 2005, is incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 4.1 to the Registrant’sForm 8-K filed May 13, 2005.
 4.3 Indenture between the Registrant, the Guarantors named therein and U.S. Bank National Association as Trustee dated May 22, 2006, is incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 4.1 to the Registrant’sForm 8-K filed May 25, 2006.
 4.4 Rights Agreement, dated as of July 13, 2004, between the Registrant and EquiServe Trust Company, N.A., as Rights Agent, is incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 4.1 to the Registrant’s Registration Statement onForm 8-A filed September 16, 2004.
 4.5 Amendment No. 1, dated November 9, 2004, to the Rights Agreement, dated as of July 13, 2004, is incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 4.2 to the Registrant’sForm 8-K filed November 15, 2004.
 4.6 Amendment No. 2, dated February 5, 2005, to the Rights Agreement, dated as of July 13, 2004, is incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 4.3 to the Registrant’sForm 8-K filed February 9, 2005.

76
3.1

Registrant’s Articles of Incorporation are incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 3.1 to the Registrant’s Form 10-Q filed April 5, 2006.

3.2

Articles of Merger amending the Registrant’s Articles of Incorporation are incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 3.2 to the Registrant’s Form 10-Q filed April 5, 2006.

3.3

Registrant’s Bylaws, as amended January 11, 2006, are incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 3.3 to the Registrant’s Form 10-Q filed April 5, 2006.

3.4

Amendment to the Registrant's Bylaws, dated October 31, 2006, is incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 3.1 to the Registrant’s Form 8-K filed November 6, 2006.

3.5

Amendment to the Registrant's Bylaws, dated January 8, 2008, is incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 3.1 to the Registrant's Form 8-K filed November 8, 2007.

3.6

Amendment to the Registrant's Bylaws, dated April 8, 2008, is incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 3.1 to the Registrant’s Form 8-K filed April 11, 2008.

3.7

Amendment to the Registrant's Bylaws, dated April 7, 2009, is incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 3.1 to the Registrant's Form 8-K filed April 13, 2009.

3.8

Amendment to the Registrant's Bylaws, dated June 8, 2009, is incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 3.1 to the Registrant's Form 8-K filed June 10, 2009.

3.9

Amendment to the Registrant's Bylaws, dated June 10, 2009, is incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 3.1 to the Registrant's Form 8-K filed June 12, 2009.

4.1

Specimen Common Stock Certificate of Registrant is incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 4.1 to the Registrant's Registration Statement on Form S-3 filed April 7, 2010 (SEC File Number 333-165924).

4.2

Indenture between the Registrant, the Guarantors named therein and U.S. Bank National Association as Trustee, dated May 22, 2006, is incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 4.1 to the Registrant’s Form 8-K filed May 25, 2006.

4.3

Rights Agreement between the Registrant and EquiServe Trust Company, N.A., as Rights Agent, dated as of July 13, 2004, is incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 4.1 to the Registrant’s Registration Statement on Form 8-A filed September 16, 2004.

4.4

Amendment No. 1 to the Rights Agreement, dated November 9, 2004, is incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 4.2 to the Registrant’s Form 8-K filed November 15, 2004.

4.5

Amendment No. 2 to the Rights Agreement, dated February 5, 2005, is incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 4.3 to the Registrant’s Form 8-K filed February 9, 2005.

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 4.7 Amendment No. 3, dated June 10, 2009, to the Rights Agreement, dated as of July 13, 2004, is incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 4.1 to the Registrant’sForm 8-K filed June 12, 2009.
 4.8 Warrant Agreement, dated June 10, 2009, among the Registrant, WLR Recovery Fund IV, L.P., WLR IV Parallel ESC, L.P. and each other holder from time to time party thereto, is incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 4.2 to the Registrant’sForm 8-K filed June 12, 2009.
 4.9 Investor Rights and Restrictions Agreement, dated June 10, 2009, among the Registrant, WLR Recovery Fund IV, L.P., WLR IV Parallel ESC, L.P., WL Ross & Co. LLC and the other holders from time to time party thereto, is incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 4.3 to the Registrant’sForm 8-K filed June 12, 2009.
 10.1 Registration Rights Agreement among the Registrant and Banc of America Securities LLC and Bear, Stearns & Co. Inc., dated May 11, 2005, is incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 10.1 to the Registrant’sForm 8-K filed May 13, 2005.
 10.2 Registration Rights Agreement among the Registrant and Banc of America LLC and Bear, Stearns & Co. Inc., dated November 21, 2005, is incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 10.2 to the Registrant’sForm 8-K filed December 1, 2005.
 10.3 Registration Rights Agreement among the Registrant, the Guarantors named therein, Bear, Stearns & Co. Inc. and Banc of America Securities LLC, dated May 22, 2006, is incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 10.1 to the Registrant’sForm 8-K filed May 25, 2006.
 10.4 Purchase Agreement among the Registrant, the Guarantors named therein, Bear, Stearns & Co. Inc., and Banc of America Securities LLC, as initial purchasers, and the guaranteeing subsidiaries named therein, dated May 17, 2006, is incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 10.1 to the Registrant’sForm 8-K filed May 18, 2006.
 10.5 Purchase Agreement among the Registrant and Banc of America Securities LLC and Bear, Stearns & Co. Inc., as initial purchasers, dated November 16, 2005, is incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 10.1 to the Registrant’sForm 8-K filed December 1, 2005.
 10.6 Amended and Restated Credit Agreement dated November 7, 2006 among the Registrant, TrentonWorks Limited, a Nova Scotia company, Bank of America, N.A. as U.S. Administrative Agent, Bank of America, N.A. through its Canada branch as Canadian Administrative Agent, U.S. Bank National Association as Documentation Agent, Banc of America Securities LLC as Sole Lead Arranger and Sole Book Manager, and the other lenders party thereto, is incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 10.1 of the Registrant’sForm 8-K filed November 13, 2006.
 10.7 First Amendment, dated January 8, 2008, to the Amended and Restated Credit Agreement, dated as of November 7, 2006, is incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 10.3 to the Registrant’sForm 10-Q filed April 9, 2009.
 10.8 Second Amendment, dated May 8, 2008, to the Amended and Restated Credit Agreement, dated as of November 7, 2006, is incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 10.4 to the Registrant’sForm 10-Q filed April 9, 2009.
 10.9 Third Amendment, dated September 26, 2008, to the Amended and Restated Credit Agreement, dated as of November 7, 2006, is incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 10.2 to the Registrant’sForm 8-K filed June 12, 2009
 10.10 Fourth Amendment, dated June 10, 2009, to the Amended and Restated Credit Agreement, dated as of November 7, 2006, is incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 10.4 to the Registrant’sForm 8-K filed June 12, 2009.
 10.11 Fifth Amendment, dated July 20, 2010, to the Amended and Restated Credit Agreement, dated as of November 7, 2006.
 10.12 Sixth Amendment, dated September 8, 2010, to the Amended and Restated Credit Agreement, dated as of November 7, 2006.

4.6

Amendment No. 3 to the Rights Agreement, dated June 10, 2009, is incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 4.1 to the Registrant's Form 8-K filed June 12, 2009.

4.7

Amendment No. 4 to the Rights Agreement, dated March 29, 2011, is incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 4.1 to the Registrant's Form 8-K filed March 30, 2011.

4.8

Warrant Agreement among the Registrant, WLR Recovery Fund IV, L.P., WLR IV Parallel ESC, L.P. and each other holder from time to time party thereto, dated June 10, 2009, is incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 4.2 to the Registrant's Form 8-K filed June 12, 2009.

4.9

Investor Rights and Restrictions Agreement among the Registrant, WLR Recovery Fund IV, L.P., WLR IV Parallel ESC, L.P., WL Ross & Co. LLC and the other holders from time to time party thereto, dated June 10, 2009, is incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 4.3 to the Registrant's Form 8-K filed June 12, 2009.

4.10

Indenture between the Registrant and U.S. Bank National Association, as Trustee, including the form of Global Note attached as Exhibit A thereto, dated April 5, 2011, is incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 4.1 to the Registrant's Form 8-K filed April 5, 2011.

10.1

Registration Rights Agreement among the Registrant and Banc of America Securities LLC and Bear, Stearns & Co. Inc., dated May 11, 2005, is incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 10.1 to the Registrant’s Form 8-K filed May 13, 2005.

10.2

Registration Rights Agreement among the Registrant and Banc of America LLC and Bear, Stearns & Co. Inc., dated November 21, 2005, is incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 10.2 to the Registrant’s Form 8-K filed December 1, 2005.

10.3

Registration Rights Agreement among the Registrant, the Guarantors named therein, Bear, Stearns & Co. Inc. and Banc of America Securities LLC, dated May 22, 2006, is incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 10.1 to the Registrant’s Form 8-K filed May 25, 2006.

10.4

Second Amended and Restated Credit Agreement among the Registrant, Bank of America, N.A., as Administrative Agent, Union Bank, National Association, as Syndication Agent, Merrill Lynch, Pierce, Fenner & Smith Incorporated, as Sole Lead Arranger and Sole Book Manager, and the lenders identified therein, dated June 30, 2011, is incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 10.1 to the Registrant's Form 8-K filed July 7, 2011.

10.5*

Employment Agreement between Mr. Mark Rittenbaum and Registrant, dated April 7, 2006, is incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 10.1 to the Registrant’s Form 8-K filed April 13, 2006.

10.6*

Amendment to Employment Agreement between Mark Rittenbaum and Registrant, dated June 24, 2008, is incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 10.7 to the Registrant's Form 10-K filed November 10, 2008.

10.7*

Employment Agreement between the Registrant and Mr. William A. Furman, dated September 4, 2004, is incorporated herein by reference herein to Exhibit 10.1 to the Registrant’s Form 8-K filed April 20, 2005.

10.8*

Amendment to Employment Agreement between Mr. William A. Furman and Registrant, dated May 11, 2006, is incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 10.1 to the Registrant’s Form 8-K filed May 12, 2006.

10.9*

Amendment to Employment Agreement between the Registrant and Mr. William A. Furman, dated November 1, 2006, is incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 10.1 to the Registrant’s Form 8-K filed November 6, 2006.

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 10.13 Credit Agreement dated June 10, 2009 among the Registrant, WLR Recovery Fund IV, L.P. and WLR IV Parallel ESC, L.P. as holders, the other holders party thereto, and WL Ross and Co. LLC, as administrative agent, is incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 10.1 to the Registrant’sForm 8-K filed June 12, 2009.
 10.14* Employment Agreement dated April 7, 2006 between Mr. Mark Rittenbaum and Registrant, is incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 10.1 to the Registrant’sForm 8-K filed April 13, 2006.
 10.15* Amendment dated June 24, 2008 to Employment Agreement dated April 7, 2006 between Mark Rittenbaum and Registrant, is incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 10.7 to the Registrant’sForm 10-K filed November 10, 2008.
 10.16* Employment Agreement dated April 20, 2005 between the Registrant and Mr. William A. Furman, is incorporated herein by reference herein to Exhibit 10.1 to the Registrant’sForm 8-K filed April 20, 2005.
 10.17* Amendment dated May 11, 2006 to Employment Agreement between Mr. William A. Furman and Registrant dated April 20, 2005, is incorporated by reference herein to Exhibit 10.1 to the Registrant’sForm 8-K filed May 12, 2006.
 10.18* Amendment dated November 1, 2006 to Employment Agreement between the Registrant and Mr. William A. Furman dated April 20, 2005 is incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 10.1 of the Registrant’sForm 8-K filed November 6, 2006.
 10.19* Amendment dated June 5, 2008 to Employment Agreement between the Registrant and William A. Furman, is incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 10.11 to the Registrant’sForm 10-K filed November 10, 2008.
 10.20* Amendment dated April 6, 2009 to Employment Agreement between the Registrant and William A. Furman, is incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 10.5 to the Registrant’sForm 10-Q filed April 9, 2009.
 10.21* Employment Agreement dated May 11, 2006 between Robin Bisson and Registrant, is incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 10.2 to the Registrant’sForm 8-K filed May 12, 2006.
 10.22* Employment Agreement dated June 26, 2007 between Timothy A. Stuckey and Registrant, is incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 10.13 to the Registrant’sForm 10-K filed November 10, 2008.
 10.23* 2007 Restated Greenbrier Leasing Corporation’s Manager Owned Target Benefit Plan, is incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 10.14 to the Registrant’sForm 10-K filed November 10, 2008.
 10.24 Form of Agreement concerning Indemnification and Related Matters (Directors) between Registrant and its directors, is incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 10.15 to the Registrant’sForm 10-K filed November 10, 2008.
 10.25 Form of Agreement concerning Indemnification and Related Matters (Officers) between Registrant and its officers, is incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 10.16 to the Registrant’sForm 10-K filed November 10, 2008.
 10.26* Stock Incentive Plan — 2000, dated as of April 6, 1999 is incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 10.23 to the Registrant’s Annual Report onForm 10-K filed November 24, 1999.
 10.27* Amendment No. 1 to the Stock Incentive Plan — 2000, is incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 10.1 to the Registrant’sForm 10-Q filed April 11, 2001.
 10.28* Amendment No. 2 to the Stock Incentive Plan — 2000, is incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 10.2 to the Registrant’sForm 10-Q filed April 11, 2001.
 10.29* Amendment No 3 to the Stock Incentive Plan — 2000, is incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 10.25 to the Registrant’sForm 10-K filed November 27, 2002.
 10.30* Employment Agreement dated April 7, 2008 between James T. Sharp and Registrant, is incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 10.1 to the Registrant’sForm 8-K filed April 11, 2008.
 10.31* Amendment dated June 26, 2008 to Employment Agreement dated April 7, 2008 between James T. Sharp and Registrant, is incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 10.23 to the Registrant’sForm 10-K filed November 10, 2008.

7810.10*

Amendment to Employment Agreement between the Registrant and William A. Furman, dated June 5, 2008, is incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 10.11 to the Registrant's Form 10-K filed November 10, 2008.

10.11*

Amendment to Employment Agreement between the Registrant and William A. Furman, dated April 6, 2009, is incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 10.5 to the Registrant's Form 10-Q filed April 9, 2009.

10.12*

Amendment to Employment Agreement between the Registrant and William A. Furman, dated December 1, 2010, is incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 10.2 to the Registrant's Form 8-K filed December 13, 2010.

10.13*

Amendment to Employment Agreement between the Registrant and William A. Furman, dated July 1, 2011.

10.14*

Employment Agreement between Timothy A. Stuckey and Registrant, dated June 26, 2007, is incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 10.13 to the Registrant's Form 10-K filed November 10, 2008.

10.15*

2011 Restated Greenbrier Leasing Company LLC Manager Owned Target Benefit Plan.

10.16

Form of Agreement concerning Indemnification and Related Matters (Directors) between Registrant and its directors is incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 10.15 to the Registrant's Form 10-K filed November 10, 2008.

10.17

Form of Agreement concerning Indemnification and Related Matters (Officers) between Registrant and its officers is incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 10.16 to the Registrant's Form 10-K filed November 10, 2008.

10.18*

Employment Agreement between James T. Sharp and Registrant, dated April 7, 2008, is incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 10.1 to the Registrant’s Form 8-K filed April 11, 2008.

10.19*

Amendment to Employment Agreement between James T. Sharp and Registrant, , dated June 26, 2008, is incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 10.23 to the Registrant's Form 10-K filed November 10, 2008.

10.20*

Employment Agreement between Alejandro Centurion and Registrant, dated April 6, 2009, is incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 10.6 to the Registrant's Form 10-Q dated April 9, 2009.

10.21*

Form of Amendment to Employment Agreement between Alejandro Centurion and Registrant, dated December 1, 2010, is incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 10.3 to the Registrant's Form 8-K filed December 13, 2010.

10.22*

Consulting Agreement between A. Daniel O'Neal Jr. and Greenbrier Leasing Company LLC, dated December 31, 2010, is incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 10.1 to the Registrant's Form 10-Q filed April 7, 2011.

10.23*

Consulting Agreement between C. Bruce Ward and Greenbrier Leasing Corporation, dated March 31, 2005 and as amended on January 1, 2007, is incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 10.4 to the Registrant's Form 8-K filed December 13, 2010.

10.24*

Form of Employee Restricted Share Agreement (5 year vesting) related to the 2005 Stock Incentive Plan is incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 10.24 to the Registrant's Form 10-K filed November 10, 2008.

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 10.32* Employment Agreement dated April 6, 2009 between Alejandro Centurion and Registrant, is incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 10.6 to the Registrant’sForm 10-Q dated April 9, 2009.
 10.33* Form of Employee Restricted Share Agreement (5 year vesting) related to the 2005 Stock Incentive Plan, is incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 10.24 to the Registrant’sForm 10-K filed November 10, 2008.
 10.34* Form of Employee Restricted Share Agreement (time and performance vesting) related to the 2005 Stock Incentive Plan, is incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 10.25 to the Registrant’sForm 10-K filed November 10, 2008.
 10.35* Form of Change of Control Agreement for Senior Managers, is incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 10.26 to the Registrant’sForm 10-K filed November 10, 2008.
 10.36* Form of Amendment dated as of March 1, 2009 to Employment Agreements between Registrant and certain of Registrant’s Executive Officers, is incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 10.1 to the Registrant’sForm 10-Q filed April 9, 2009.
 10.37* 2009 Employee Stock Purchase Plan, is incorporated herein by reference to Appendix B to the Registrant’s Proxy Statement on Schedule 14A filed November 25, 2008.
 10.38* First Amendment to 2009 Employee Stock Purchase Plan dated April 5, 2010, is incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 10.1 to the Registrant’sForm 10-Q filed July 7, 2010.
 10.39* 2005 Stock Incentive Plan is incorporated herein by reference to Appendix C to the Registrant’s Proxy Statement on Schedule 14A filed November 24, 2004.
 10.40* Amendment No. 1 dated June 30, 2005 to the 2005 Stock Incentive Plan, is incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 10.36 to the Registrant’s Annual Report onForm 10-K filed November 4, 2005.
 10.41* Amendment No. 2 dated April 3, 2007 to the 2005 Stock Incentive Plan, is incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 10.1 of the Registrant’sForm 10-Q filed July 10, 2007.
 10.42* Amendment No. 3 dated November 6, 2008 to the 2005 Stock Incentive Plan, is incorporated herein by reference to Appendix C to the Registrant’s Proxy Statement on Schedule 14A filed November 25, 2008.
 10.43 Stock purchase agreement among Gunderson Rail Services LLC and Meridian Rail Holdings Corp. dated October 15, 2006 and incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 10.34 of the Registrant’s Annual Report onForm 10-K filed November 2, 2006.
 10.44 Asset Purchase Agreement among Gunderson Rail Services LLC, American Allied Railway Equipment Co., Inc., and American Allied Freight Car Co., Inc. dated January 24, 2008, is incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 2.1 of the Registrant’sForm 8-K filed April 3, 2008.
 10.45 Railcar Remarketing and Management Agreement among Greenbrier Management Services, LLC and WL Ross-Greenbrier Rail I LLC dated as of April 29, 2010, is incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 10.1 of the Registrant’sForm 8-K filed May 3, 2010.**
 10.46 Advisory Services Agreement between Greenbrier Leasing Company LLC and WLR-Greenbrier Rail Inc. dated as of April 29, 2010, is incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 10.2 of the Registrant’sForm 8-K filed May 3, 2010.**
 10.47 Contract Placement Agreement between Greenbrier Leasing Company LLC and WLR-Greenbrier Rail Inc. dated as of April 29, 2010, is incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 10.3 of the Registrant’sForm 8-K filed May 3, 2010.**
 10.48 Syndication Agreement between Greenbrier Leasing Company LLC and WLR-Greenbrier Rail Inc. dated as of April 29, 2010, is incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 10.4 of the Registrant’sForm 8-K filed May 3, 2010.**
 10.49 Amendment to Syndication Agreement between Greenbrier Leasing Company LLC and WLR-Greenbrier Rail Inc., dated as of August 18, 2010, is incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 10.1 of the Registrant’sForm 8-K filed August 20, 2010.
 10.50 Line of Credit Participation Letter Agreement between Greenbrier Leasing Company LLC and WLR-Greenbrier Rail Inc. dated as of April 29, 2010, is incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 10.5 of the Registrant’sForm 8-K filed May 3, 2010.**

10.25*

Form of Employee Restricted Share Agreement (time and performance vesting) related to the 2005 Stock Incentive Plan is incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 10.25 to the Registrant's Form 10-K filed November 10, 2008.

10.26*

Form of Change of Control Agreement for Senior Managers is incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 10.26 to the Registrant's Form 10-K filed November 10, 2008.

10.27*

Form of Amendment to Employment Agreements between Registrant and certain of Registrant's Executive Officers, dated as of March 1, 2009, is incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 10.1 to the Registrant's Form 10-Q filed April 9, 2009.

10.28*

Form of Amendment to Employment Agreements between the Registrant and certain of the Registrant's Executive Officers, dated as of December 1, 2010, is incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 10.1 to the Registrant's Form 8-K filed December 13, 2010.

10.29*

2009 Employee Stock Purchase Plan is incorporated herein by reference to Appendix B to the Registrant's Proxy Statement on Schedule 14A filed November 25, 2008.

10.30*

First Amendment to 2009 Employee Stock Purchase Plan, dated April 5, 2010, is incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 10.1 to the Registrant's Form 10-Q filed July 7, 2010.

10.31*

2005 Stock Incentive Plan is incorporated herein by reference to Appendix C to the Registrant’s Proxy Statement on Schedule 14A filed November 24, 2004.

10.32*

Amendment No. 1 to the 2005 Stock Incentive Plan, dated June 30, 2005, is incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 10.36 to the Registrant’s Annual Report on Form 10-K filed November 4, 2005.

10.33*

Amendment No. 2 to the 2005 Stock Incentive Plan, dated April 3, 2007, is incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 10.1 to the Registrant’s Form 10-Q filed July 10, 2007.

10.34*

Amendment No. 3 to the 2005 Stock Incentive Plan, dated November 6, 2008, is incorporated herein by reference to Appendix C to the Registrant's Proxy Statement on Schedule 14A filed November 25, 2008.

10.35*

The Greenbrier Companies, Inc. 2010 Amended and Restated Stock Incentive Plan is incorporated herein by reference to Appendix B to the Registrant's Proxy Statement on Schedule 14A filed November 24, 2010.

10.36*

Form of Director Restricted Share Agreement related to the 2010 Amended and Restated Stock Incentive Plan is incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 10.2 to the Registrant's Form 10-Q filed April 7, 2011.

10.37*

Form of Employee Restricted Share Agreement (time and performance vesting) related to the 2010 Amended and Restated Stock Incentive Plan is incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 10.2 to the Registrant's Form 8-K filed July 8, 2011.

10.38*

The Greenbrier Companies, Inc. Nonqualified Deferred Compensation Plan Basic Plan Document.

10.39*

The Greenbrier Companies Nonqualified Deferred Compensation Plan Adoption Agreement.

10.40*

Amendment No. 1 to the Greenbrier Companies Nonqualified Deferred Compensation Plan Adoption Agreement, dated May 25, 2011, is incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 10.1 to the Registrant's Form 10-Q filed July 8, 2011.

10.41

Stock Purchase Agreement among Gunderson Rail Services LLC and Meridian Rail Holdings Corp., dated October 15, 2006, is incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 10.34 to the Registrant’s Annual Report on Form 10-K filed November 2, 2006.

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 10.51 Guaranty of Greenbrier Leasing Company LLC dated as of April 29, 2010, is incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 10.6 of the Registrant’sForm 8-K filed May 3, 2010.**
 10.52 Guaranty of the Greenbrier Companies, Inc., dated as of August 18, 2010, is incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 10.2 of the Registrant’sForm 8-K filed August 20, 2010.
 14.1 Code of Business Conduct and Ethics, is incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 14.1 of the Registrant���sForm 8-K filed January 13, 2010.
 21.1 List of the subsidiaries of the Registrant
 23.1 Consent of Deloitte & Touche LLP, independent auditors
 31.1 Certification pursuant to Rule 13(a) — 14(a)
 31.2 Certification pursuant to Rule 13(a) — 14(a)
 32.1 Certification pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350 as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.
 32.2 Certification pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350 as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.

10.42

Asset Purchase Agreement among Gunderson Rail Services LLC, American Allied Railway Equipment Co., Inc., and American Allied Freight Car Co., Inc., dated January 24, 2008, is incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 2.1 to the Registrant's Form 8-K filed April 3, 2008.

*  10.43

Railcar Remarketing and Management Agreement between Greenbrier Management Services, LLC and WL Ross-Greenbrier Rail I LLC, dated as of April 29, 2010, is incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 10.1 to the Registrant's Form 8-K filed May 3, 2010.**

10.44

Advisory Services Agreement between Greenbrier Leasing Company LLC and WLR-Greenbrier Rail Inc., dated as of April 29, 2010, is incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 10.2 to the Registrant's Form 8-K filed May 3, 2010.**

10.45

Contract Placement Agreement between Greenbrier Leasing Company LLC and WLR-Greenbrier Rail Inc., dated as of April 29, 2010, is incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 10.3 to the Registrant's Form 8-K filed May 3, 2010.**

10.46

Syndication Agreement between Greenbrier Leasing Company LLC and WLR-Greenbrier Rail Inc., dated as of April 29, 2010, is incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 10.4 to the Registrant's Form 8-K filed May 3, 2010.**

10.47

Amendment to Syndication Agreement between Greenbrier Leasing Company LLC and WLR- Greenbrier Rail Inc., dated as of August 18, 2010, is incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 10.1 to the Registrant's Form 8-K filed August 20, 2010.

10.48

Line of Credit Participation Letter Agreement between Greenbrier Leasing Company LLC and WLR-Greenbrier Rail Inc., dated as of April 29, 2010, is incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 10.5 to the Registrant's Form 8-K filed May 3, 2010.**

10.49

Guaranty of Greenbrier Leasing Company LLC, dated as of April 29, 2010, is incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 10.6 to the Registrant's Form 8-K filed May 3, 2010.**

10.50

Guaranty of the Greenbrier Companies, Inc., dated as of August 18, 2010, is incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 10.2 to the Registrant's Form 8-K filed August 20, 2010.

10.51

Purchase Agreement among The Greenbrier Companies, Inc., Merrill Lynch, Pierce, Fenner & Smith Incorporated and Goldman, Sachs & Co., dated March 30, 2011, is incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 10.1 to the Registrant's Form 8-K filed April 5, 2011.

14.1

Code of Business Conduct and Ethics is incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 14.1 to the Registrant's Form 8-K filed January 11, 2011.

21.1

List of the subsidiaries of the Registrant.

23.1

Consent of KPMG LLP, independent auditors.

23.2

Consent of Deloitte & Touche LLP, independent auditors.

31.1

Certification pursuant to Rule 13(a) – 14(a).

31.2

Certification pursuant to Rule 13(a) – 14(a).

32.1

Certification pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350 as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.

32.2

Certification pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350 as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.

*

Management contract or compensatory plan or arrangement

**

Certain confidential information contained in these Exhibits was omitted by means of redacting a portion of the text and replacing it with brackets and asterisks ([***]). These Exhibits have been filed separately with the SEC without the redaction and have been granted confidential treatment by the Securities and Exchange Commission pursuant to a Confidential Treatment Request underRule 24b-2 of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended.

Note: For all exhibits incorporated by reference, unless otherwise noted above, the SEC file number is 001-13146.

The Greenbrier Companies 2011 Annual Report81


001-13146.

CERTIFICATIONS

The Company filed the required 303A.12(a) New York Stock Exchange Certification of its Chief Financial Officer with the New York Stock Exchange with no qualifications following the 20102011 Annual Meeting of Shareholders and the Company filed as an exhibit to its Annual Report onForm 10-K for the year ended August 31, 2009,2010, as filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission, a Certification of the Chief Executive Officer and a Certification of the Chief Financial Officer pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as adopted pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.

8082The Greenbrier Companies 20102011 Annual Report


SIGNATURES


SIGNATURES
Pursuant to the requirements of Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities and Exchange Act of 1934, the Registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized.

THE GREENBRIER COMPANIES, INC.

Dated: November 10, 20103, 2011 
By:

/s/    William A. Furman

William A. Furman

President and Chief Executive Officer

Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, this report has been signed below by the following persons on behalf of the Registrant and in the capacities and on the dates indicated.

Signature  Date

/s/    Benjamin R. Whiteley


Benjamin R. Whiteley, Chairman of the Board

  November 10, 20103, 2011

/s/    William A. Furman


William A. Furman, President and

Chief Executive Officer, Director

  November 10, 20103, 2011

/s/    Graeme Jack


Graeme Jack, Director

  November 10, 20103, 2011

/s/    Duane C. McDougall


Duane McDougall, Director

  November 10, 20103, 2011

/s/    Victoria McManus


Victoria McManus, Director

  November 10, 20103, 2011

/s/    A. Daniel O’Neal


A. Daniel O’Neal,O'Neal, Director

  November 10, 20103, 2011

/s/    Wilbur L. Ross


Wilbur L. Ross, Jr., Director

  November 10, 20103, 2011

/s/    Charles J. Swindells


Charles J. Swindells, Director

  November 10, 20103, 2011

/s/    Wendy L. Teramoto


Wendy L. Teramoto, Director

  November 10, 20103, 2011

/s/    C. Bruce Ward


C. Bruce Ward, Director

  November 10, 20103, 2011

/s/    Donald A. Washburn


Donald A. Washburn, Director

  November 10, 2010.3, 2011

/s/    Mark J. Rittenbaum


Mark J. Rittenbaum, Executive Vice
President And and

Chief Financial Officer (Principal Financial Officer)

  November 10, 20103, 2011

/s/    James W. Cruckshank


James W. Cruckshank, Senior Vice
President And and

Chief Accounting Officer (Principal Accounting Officer)

  November 10, 20103, 2011

The Greenbrier Companies 20102011 Annual Report8183