UNITED STATES

SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION

Washington, D.C. 20549

__________________

FORM 10-K

_______________

(Mark One)


 X.ANNUAL REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

For the Fiscal Year EndedAugust December 31, 20112014


     ..TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE EXCHANGE ACT

For the transition periodTransition Period from __________________ to ______

VOLITIONRX LIMITED

(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)__________


VOLITIONRX LIMITED

(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)


Delaware

000-30402

91-1949078

(State or other jurisdiction

(Commission File Number)

(IRS Employer

of Incorporation)

 

Identification Number)


1 Scotts Road #24-05 Shaw Centre Singapore 228208

150 Orchard Road

Orchard Plaza 08-02

Singapore 238841

(Address of principal executive offices)


Telephone: +1 (646) 650-1351

Facsimile: +32 8172 5651

(201) 618-1750

(Registrant’s Telephone Number)


Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:



CopyTitle of all Communications to:

Carrillo Huettel, LLP

3033 5th Avenue, Suite 400

San Diego, CA 92103

Phone: 619-546-6100

Fax: 619-546-6060each class:

Name of each exchange on which registered:

Common Stock, par value $0.001 per share

NYSE MKT LLC


Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(g) of the Act:


Title of class:

Common Stock, par value $0.001 per share


Indicate by check mark if the registrant is a well-known seasoned issuer, as defined in Rule 405 of the Securities Act.

Yes     .No X.


Indicate by check mark if the registrant is not required to file reports pursuant to Section 13 or Section 15(d) of the Act.

Yes     .No X.


.

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports) and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days.

Yes X.No     .


Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically and posted on its corporate Web site, if any, every Interactive Data File required to be submitted and posted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§ 232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit and post such files).

Yes X.No     .


Indicate by check mark if disclosure of delinquent filers pursuant to Item 405 of Regulation S-K is not contained herein, and will not be contained, to the best of registrant's knowledge, in definitive proxy or information statements incorporated by reference in Part III of this Form 10-K or any amendment to this Form 10-K.     .



1



Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, or a smaller reporting company. See definitions of "large accelerated filer," "accelerated filer" and "smaller reporting company" in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.


Large accelerated filer

      .

Accelerated filer

      .

Non-accelerated filer

      .(Do not check if a smaller reporting company)

Smaller reporting company

  X.


Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act). Yes     .No X.


The aggregate market value of the voting and non-voting common equity held by non-affiliates of the registrant as of February 28, 2011June 30, 2014 was $NIL$11,973,676 based upon the price ($NIL)1.53) at which the common stock was last sold as of the last business day of the most recently completed second fiscal quarter, multiplied by the approximate number of shares of common stock held by persons other than executive officers, directors and five percent stockholders of the registrant without conceding that any such person is an “affiliate” of the registrant for purposes of the federal securities laws. Our common stock is currently quotedtraded on the Over-The-Counter Bulletin BoardNYSE MKT and quoted under the symbol “VNRX.OB”“VNRX”.


As of November 28, 2011,March 18, 2015, there were 8,120,65217,934,715 shares of the registrant’s $0.001 par value common stock issued and outstanding.


Documents incorporated by reference: None





2





Table of Contents


 

 

Page

 

PART I

 

 

 

 

Item 1

Business

45

Item 1A

Risk Factors

1723

Item 1B

Unresolved Staff Comments

1723

Item 2

Properties

1723

Item 3

Legal Proceedings

1723

Item 4

[REMOVED AND RESERVED]Mine Safety Disclosures

1723

 

 

 

 

PART II

 

 

 

 

Item 5

Market for Registrant's Common Equity, Related Stockholder Matters and Issuer Purchases of Equity Securities

1823

Item 6

Selected Financial Data

1826

Item 7

Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations

1926

Item 7A

Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures about Market Risk

2129

Item 8

Financial Statements and Supplementary Data

F-130

Item 9

Changes in and Disagreements with Accountants on Accounting and Financial Disclosure

2231

Item 9A

Controls and Procedures

2231

Item 9B

Other Information

2332

 

 

 

 

PART III

 

 

 

 

Item 10

Directors and Executive Officers and Corporate Governance

2433

Item 11

Executive Compensation

3141

Item 12

Security Ownership of Certain Beneficial Owners and Management and Related Stockholder Matters

3253

Item 13

Certain Relationships and Related Transactions

3356

Item 14

Principal Accountant Fees and Services

3358

 

 

 

 

PART IV

 

 

 

 

Item 15

Exhibits

35

60







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FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS


This Annual Report on Form 10-K contains forward-looking statements within the meaning of Section 27A of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the “Securities Act”) and Section 21E of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the “Exchange Act”).statements. These forward-looking statements are not historical facts but rather are based on current expectations, estimates and projections. We may use words such as “anticipate,” “expect,” “intend,” “plan,” “believe,” “foresee,” “estimate” and variations of these words and similar expressions to identify forward-looking statements. These statements are not guarantees of future performance and are subject to certain risks, uncertainties and other factors, some of which are beyond our control, are difficult to predict and could cause actual results to differ materially from those expressed or forecasted. These risks and uncertainties include the following:following:


·

The availability and adequacy of our cash flow to meet our requirements;


·

Economic, competitive, demographic, business and other conditions in our local and regional markets;


·

Changes or developments in laws, regulations or taxes in our industry;


·

Actions taken or omitted to be taken by third parties including our suppliers and competitors, as well as legislative, regulatory, judicial and other governmental authorities;


·

Competition in our industry;


·

The loss of or failure to obtain any license or permit necessary or desirable in the operation of our business;


·

Changes in our business strategy, capital improvements or development plans;


·

The availability of additional capital to support capital improvements and development; and


·

Other risks identified in this report and in our other filings with the Securities and Exchange Commission or the SEC.


This report should be read completely and with the understanding that actual future results may be materially different from what we expect. The forward-looking statements included in this report are made as of the date of this report and should be evaluated with consideration of any changes occurring after the date of this Report. We will not update forward-looking statements even though our situation may change in the future and we assume no obligation to update any forward-looking statements, whether as a result of new information, future events or otherwise.


Use of Term


Except as otherwise indicated by the context, references in this report to “Company”, “we”, “us”, “our” and “VNRX” are references to VolitionRXVolitionRx Limited.  All references to “USD” or United States Dollars refer to the legal currency of the United States of America.



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PART I


ITEM 1. BUSINESS


Corporate History


The Company was incorporated on September 24, 1998 in the State of Delaware under the name Standard“Standard Capital Corporation.  The original business planCorporation”.  On September 22, 2011, the Company filed a Certificate for Renewal and Revival of Charter with Secretary of State of Delaware.  Pursuant to Section 312(1) of Delaware General Corporation Law, the Company was revived under the new name of “VolitionRX Limited”. The name change to acquireVolitionRx Limited was approved by FINRA on October 7, 2011 and develop mineral properties.  The Company leased the rights to explore a mining claim known as the Standard (the “Standard Claim”), but allowed the lease to expire in February 2008.  The Company no longer has any rights to the mineralsbecame effective on the Standard Claim nor does it have any liabilities attached to the claim.  October 11, 2011.


On September 26, 2011, the Company, then under the name Standard Capital Corporation, and its controlling stockholders (the “Controlling Stockholders”) entered into a Share Exchange Agreement (the “Share Exchange Agreement”) with Singapore Volition Pte Limited, a Singapore registered company (“Singapore Volition”) and the shareholders of Singapore Volition (the “Volition Shareholders”), whereby the Company acquired 6,908,652 (100%) shares of common stock of Singapore Volition (the “Volition Stock”) from the Volition Shareholders.  In exchange for the Volition Stock, the Company issued 6,908,652 shares of its common stock to the Volition Shareholders.  The Share Exchange Agreement closed on October 6, 2011.


As a result of the Share Exchange Agreement, Singapore Volition became our wholly-owned operating subsidiary and the Company now intends to carrycarries on the business of Singapore Volition as its primary business.  Singapore Volition has two subsidiaries, Belgian Volition SA, a Belgium registered company (“Belgian Volition”), which it acquired as of September 22, 2010, and HyperGenomics Pte Limited, a Singapore registered company (“HyperGenomics Pte Limited”).  Singapore Volition owns 99.9%, which it formed as of the issued and outstanding shares of Belgian Volition and 100% of the issued and outstanding shares of HyperGenomics Pte Limited.March 7, 2011.


On September 22, 2011, the Company filed a Certificate for Renewal and Revival of Charter (“Certificate for Renewal”) with the Secretary of State of Delaware, to reinstate the Company’s Certificate of Incorporation. Pursuant to Section 312(1) of the Delaware General Corporation Law, the Company was revived under the new name of "VolitionRX Limited."  The name change to VolitionRX Limited was approved by FINRA on October 7, 2011 and became effective on October 11, 2011.BUSINESS


Description of Our Business


The Company isWe are a clinical-stage life sciences company focused on meetingdeveloping blood-based diagnostic tests that meet the urgent need for accurate, fast, inexpensive and scalable tests for detecting and diagnosing cancer and other diseases. We arehave developed twenty blood assays to date, using technology based on our Nucleosomics® biomarker platform, that can be used individually or in combination to generate a profile which forms the basis of a blood test for a particular cancer.


Each assay that we have developed can be commercialized for two distinct markets:


·

The clinical IVD market which can only be accessed after the assays have either been approved for clinical use in the development stageUnited States by the FDA, or as a LDT in the United States under a CLIA waiver, and by CE marking in the EU; and


·

The RUO market.


Given the much larger potential clinical IVD, market, we have decided to focus our resources on launching in the clinical IVD market. We currently plan to apply for the first of our operations and areCE Mark (European) approvals in the processsecond quarter of discovering, developing and commercializing diagnostic tests.  2015.


We believeexpect that we will be required to do further United States trials to achieve FDA approval for our colorectal cancer test. We are committed to filing for FDA approval to allow patient access to our tests willin the United States as soon as practicable. Pending completion of our review of the regulatory environment in the United States, including the effect of recent pronouncements regarding LDTs by the FDA, we aim initially to enter the United States market through a LDT in 2015, pursuant to a yet to be able to better detect and characterize cancer and other disease states than existing methods, which in turn will provide better patient outcomes and contain healthcare costs.  We focusnegotiated relationship with a CLIA lab, while we concurrently seek FDA approval.


Commercializing products on blood-based teststhe RUO market means that we intend to sell our products to medical schools, universities and commercial research and development departments for research use only. Products placed on the RUO market may be used for any research purpose. RUO products, however, are strictly not to be used for patient diagnosis. Commercializing products on the IVD market means that we intend to sell our future products to be used for patient diagnosis. None of the assays that we are currently developing are available for sale on the IVD market, and we began sales in the RUO market in 2014.


We intend to commercialize our products in the future through various channels within the EU, the United States and eventually throughout the world, subjectrest of the world. We anticipate that because of their ease of use and low cost, our tests have the potential to regulatory clearancebecome the first method of choice for cancer diagnostics, allowing detection of cancer at an earlier stage than typically occurs currently, and screening of individuals who, for reasons such as time, cost or approval.dislike, are not currently screened. We believe our blood test has the potential to have significantly higher acceptance from patients as compared to fecal tests and colonoscopies which are invasive and unpleasant, resulting in low acceptance.



5



We do not anticipate earning significant revenues until such time as we able to fully market our products.intended products on either the RUO or IVD clinical diagnostics market.  For these reasons, our auditors stated in their report on our audited financial statements that they have substantial doubt that we will be able to continue as a going concern without further financing. The ability of the Company to continue as a going concern is dependent upon its ability to successfully accomplish its plan of operations described herein and eventually attain profitable operations.


We anticipate that any additional funding that we will require will be in the form of equity financing from the sale of our common stock. However, there is no assurance that we will be able to raise sufficient funding from the sale of our common stock. The risky nature of our business enterprise places debt financing beyond the credit-worthiness required by most banks or typical investors of corporate debt until such time as our intended products are available on the market.  We do not have any arrangements in place for any future equity financing.  If we are unable to secure additional funding, we will cease or suspend operations.  We have no plans, arrangements or contingencies in place in the event that we cease operations.







The Market


Everyone in the world has, or will be, touched by the effects of cancer. ItCancer is one of the world’s most deadly diseases,leading causes of death worldwide, accounting for around 13% of8.2 million annual global deaths.deaths globally.15 In the United States alone, there are 13.8were an estimated 14 million cancer survivors.survivors in 2010.6 By 2020, this figure is expected to rise to 18.1 millionmillion. The American Cancer Society estimated the total health economic burden for cancer (including medical costs and theloss of earnings) at approximately $216 billion for 2009 ($86 billion in direct medical costs and $130 billion in lost productivity due to early death).7 Theannualized cost of cancer care in the over 65 age group based on analysis of Medicare payments linked to the U.S. Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results, or SEER, Program datais projected to reach $158 billion.28,9 These figures are mirrored in all regions ofacross the worldglobe and we expect will continue to grow as populations age. This is a large potential addressable market offor which we believe diagnostics will be a significant part. Incidence of, and mortality due to, colorectal cancer in the US have been steadily falling since the mid 1980’s with an acceleration of reduction in both men (3% per annum) and women (2.3% per annum) over the last 15 years. This is largely due to early detection and removal of polyps via colonoscopy.10 The Pap test has had a similar impact in improving 5 year survival rates in women with precancerous and cancerous cervical lesions.11


Inevitably,

_____________________

5 Cancer-Fact sheet N 297, World Health Organization, [online], Available at: http://www.who.int/mediacentre/factsheets/fs297/en/index.html, [accessed 11.12.2014]


6 Mariotto AB et al., Projections of the cost of cancer care in the United States: 2010-2020. Jan 19, 2011, JNCI, Vol 103, No.2, Available at http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21228314 [will begin testing the first cohort of retrospective samples in Q1 2015 10.31.2014]


7 American Cancer Society, Economic Impact of Cancer, 31.03.2014 [online], available at http://www.cancer.org/cancer/cancerbasics/economic-impact-of-cancer[accessed 11.12.2014]


8 Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results Programme, [online] Available at http://seer.cancer.gov [accessed 11.12.2014]


9 National Institutes of Health “Cancer costs projected to reach at least $158 billion in 2020”, 12 January 2011, [online], Available at http://www.nih.gov/news/health/jan2011/nci-12.htm [accessed 10.31.2014]


10 American Cancer Society, Colorectal Cancer Facts & Figures 2011-2013 [Online] available at http://www.cancer.org/acs/groups/content/@epidemiologysurveilance/documents/document/acspc-028312.pdf [accessed 11.12.2014]


11 National Cancer Institute Fact Sheet: Cervical Cancer Screening (PDQ®) [Online] Available at http://www.cancer.gov/cancertopics/pdq/screening/cervical/HealthProfessional/page2 [accessed 11.12.2014]





Statistically, the chances of surviving cancer are greatly improved by early detection and diagnosis, however,treatment. However, there is currently no screening test for cancer in general, and very few effective mass screeningblood tests for specific cancers.  cancers in common clinical use. The only commonly used blood-screening test for any cancer is the PSA test for prostate cancer. We consider the PSA test to have relatively poor diagnostic accuracy (detecting approximately 70% of prostate cancers and misdiagnoses about 30% of healthy men as positive for cancer) but is widely used because it is the best product currently available.12 The American Cancer Society recommends that prostate cancer screening should not occur without an informed decision making process regarding risks.13 In 2012, the U.S. Preventative Services Task Force recommended against PSA-based screening for healthy men because of a “moderate or high certainty” that the service has no benefit or that the harms outweigh the benefits”.14 The test is still used to monitor patients after definitive diagnosis or treatment. There are currently no commonly used blood tests for screening for lung cancer or colorectal cancer.


Further, current methods of cancer diagnosis are either invasive, not cost effective, andhave low acceptance or cannot provide accurate results. The inadequacy of existing diagnostic products means that most cancers are only diagnosed once the patient experiences symptoms and the cancer is well established. By this stage, it will often have spread beyond the primary tumor (metastatic cancers), making it substantially more difficult to treat. For example colorectal cancer is one of the more survivable diseases if caught early: it has an observed five-year survival rate of 92% in stage I, but only 11% in stage IV.15Early, non-invasive, accurate cancer diagnosis remains a greatsignificant unmet medical need and a huge commercial opportunity. For these reasons, cancer diagnostics is an active field of research and development both academically and in industry.commercially.


The global In-Vitro Diagnostics (IVD)IVD market is forecast to grow at a rate of 6% to reach $50.0$65 billion in 2012,2018,16 driven by the increasing health care demands of an ageingaging population. The market has been growing at a rate of 5-6% in recent years, reaching a value of $36.5 billion in 2007.In the United States,317 The largest the IVD market segment is diabetes diagnostics with a value of $10 billion.4 The cancer IVD market comprising cancer blood and tissue biopsy tests was $4.7 billion in 2008 and growing at 11%.5


Of this the two largest IVD market segments are:made up of:


·

Histology, immunohistochemistry and cytology of tissue samples (45%(expected to grow 6.8% per annum from 2011-2018, with an expected value of IVD sales or approximately $2 billion)$25.5 billion by 2018).18 These are mostly used to confirm cancer diagnosis post-surgery and to determine cancer sub-type; and


·

Immunoassays, mostlyImmunoassay (chemical tests used to detect a substance in blood or body fluid), which will be the second largest market with a value of blood samples (30% of IVD sales or approximately $1.5 billion).more than US$19.1 billion by 2018.19 These tests are mostly used to monitor for disease progress and relapse. This market segment includes our future Nucleosomics® products, which arewill be blood immunoassay tests for modified histones for the diagnosis and prognosis of cancer.


The IVD market (all disease areas) is highly consolidated with the top 10 companies taking an 80% market share. Roche Diagnostics is the largest single company by market share with 20%. Siemens and Abbott both have 12% market share.___________________

612 The cancer IVD market also contains many smaller development companies developing and selling novel products, such as the Company.National Cancer Institute Fact Sheet: Prostate-Specific Antigen (PSA) Test, [24 July 2012] [online], Available at http://www.cancer.gov/cancertopics/factsheet/detection/PSA, [accessed 10.31.2014]


13 Wolf. Aet. al.American Cancer Society Guideline for the Early Detection of Prostate Cancer: Update 2010, CA: A Cancer Journal for Clinicians; 3 Mar 2010:60;2:70-98, available at http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20200110 [accessed 10.31.2014]


14 U.S. Preventative Services Task Force, May 2012 [online], available at http://www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/Page/Document/RecommendationStatementFinal/prostate-cancer-screening [accessed 10.31.2014]


15 American Cancer Society. “Colorectal Cancer,” 2014 [online], Available at: http://www.cancer.org/cancer/colonandrectumcancer/detailedguide/colorectal-cancer-survival-rates, [accessed 11.04.2014


16 Report: The CompanyWorldwide Market for In Vitro Diagnostic (IVD) Tests, 9th Edition, August 13, 2014 [online], Available for purchase at: http://www.kaloramainformation.com/Worldwide-Vitro-Diagnostic-8326563, [accessed 10.31.2014]


17 Report: The United States Market for In Vitro Diagnostic Tests

Mar 18, 2014 [online], Available for purchase at http://www.kaloramainformation.com/United-States-Vitro-8079142, [accessed 10.31.2014]


18 In Vitro Diagnostics Market to 2018 - Consolidation, Decentralization and Demand for Genetic Testing to Shape the Competitive Landscape, March 23, 2012 [online], Available at http://www.marketresearch.com/GBI-Research-v3759/Vitro-Diagnostics-Consolidation-Decentralization-Demand-6871130 [accessed 11.12.2014]


19 Markets and Markets Report: Immunoassay Market [Technology (Enzyme, Fluorescent, Chemiluminescence, Radioimmunoassay), Analyzers & Reagents, Applications (Infectious Diseases, Cancer, Endocrinology, Cardiology), End Users (Hospitals, Laboratory, Academics)] - Global Forecast to 2018, October, 2013 [online], Available at: http://www.marketsandmarkets.com/Market-Reports/immunoassay-market-436.html [accessed 11.04.2014]




Testing is carried out at three principal locations:20


·

Testing at hospital laboratories: $30 billion annual revenue for eight billion tests in 2011;


·

Testing at CLIA laboratories: $20 billion annual revenue for 3 billion tests in 2011; and


·

Testing at physician office laboratories: $3 billion annual revenue for 1.2 billion tests in 2011.


We are focused on responding to the need for early, accurate diagnostic tests with itsthrough the development of our proprietary NucleosomicsTM (“NuQTM”) technologytechnologies and products.  The Company’sproduct prototypes. We intend to develop a range of products will continue to expand over the next 5-10 years with both generalyears. For the year ended December 31, 2013, we spent approximately $2.5 million on research and specific cancer tests,development activities. For the year ended December 31, 2014, we spent approximately $4.0 million on increasingly simple formats.














1

Cancer - Fact sheet N°297,World Health Organization, [online], Available at: http://www.who.int/mediacentre/factsheets/fs297/en/index.html,[accessed 8.23.2011]

2

Mariotto AB et al., Projectionsresearch and development activities. None of the cost of cancer care in the United States: 2010-2020. Jan 19, 2011,JNCI, Vol 103, No.2

3

The Top Ten Global In-Vitro Diagnostics Companies, March 6, 2009, [online], Available at:  http://store.business-insights.com/Product/?productid=BI00021-001, [accessed 8.29.2011]

4

Diagnostics: Testing systems prove their worth, July 1, 2008, [online], Available at: http://www.ft.com/cms/s/0/47c5ec16-477e-11dd-93ca-000077b07658,dwp_uuid=322c9222-4712-11dd-876a-0000779fd2ac.html, [accessed 8.29.2011]

5

Cancer IVD market expands to meet customer demand, May 1, 2008, [online], Available at:  http://www.ivdtechnology.com/article/cancer-ivd-market-expands-meet-customer-demand, [accessed 8.29.2011]

6

The Top Ten Global In-Vitro Diagnostics Companies, March 6, 2009, [online], Available at:  http://store.business-insights.com/Product/?productid=BI00021-001, [accessed 8.29.2011]







these costs are borne directly by customers.


Our Intended Products


The Company’s existingCommercialization of our future products as well as thoseon the clinical IVD market (e.g. for patient diagnosis in hospitals, clinics, etc.), requires government approval (CE Marking in Europe and/or FDA approval in the United States). We plan to begin the approval process in the EU and the United States in 2015. Commercializing our products on the RUO market (e.g. for uses other than patient diagnosis in medical schools, universities and commercial research and development departments, etc.) does not require government approval. However, before any of our products can be sold on the RUO market, they need to successfully complete beta-testing. Beta-testing involves providing the products to a few laboratories to identify and correct any problems in the products. None of the products that we are currently developing are available on the IVD market; however, we began sales in the development pipeline,RUO market in 2014. The products that we are currently developing are described in detail below:


NuQTM® Suite of Epigenetic Cancer Blood Tests


We have developed twenty epigenetic NuQ® assays using our Nucleosomics®technology which are designed to detect the level and structure of nucleosomes in blood. Epigenetics is the science of how genes are switched “on” or “off” in the body’s cells. A major factor controlling the switching “on” and “off” is the structuring of DNA. The DNA in every human cellcells is not a random string but wound aroundpackaged as protein complexes in a “beads on a string” structure. Each individual “bead” with associated protein/DNA coiled around it“bead” is called a nucleosome. These nucleosomes then form additional structures with increasingly dense packing, culminating in chromosomes containing hundreds of thousands of nucleosomes.


Figure 1 – A nucleosome


__________________________

20 Report: The United States Market for In Vitro Diagnostic Tests Mar 18, 2014 [online], Available for purchase at http://www.kaloramainformation.com/United-States-Vitro-8079142/, [accessed 11.12.2014]




Cancer is characterized by uncontrolled and often rapid cell growth and also by an approximately matched, but slightly less, rapidwhich exceeds the corresponding rate of cell death rate.death. When the cells die, the DNA is chopped upfragments into individual nucleosomes which are released into the blood as summarizedillustrated in Figure 2 below. When cells break up, they end upThe cell debris in the bloodstream to beis eventually recycled back into the body. When a cancer is present, the number of dying cells being recycled is far higher than in a healthy body, socan overwhelm the system is overwhelmed,recycling process, leaving the excess broken-up pieces,fragments, including the nucleosomes, in the blood.




The Importantly, the structure of nucleosomes is not uniform but subject to immense variety. It is has been known for 4 or 5 years thatvariety, and nucleosomes in cancer cells are differenthave differences in structure from those in healthy cells.121 The Company has developed tests for some of the major nucleosome varieties and we have shown that we can detect the nucleosome patterns that are specific to cancer in the blood. Furthermore, we have shown that the nucleosome varieties also differ between cancer types (to distinguish for example between cancer of the pancreas, colon or mouth).






1

Fraga MF et al., “LossFigure 2 – Release of acetylation at Lys16 and trimethylation at Lys20 of histone H4 is a common hallmark of human cancer”,Nature Genetics, Vol 37 (4), p391-400, 2005





nucleosomes into blood


Blood nucleosome levels arecan be raised in conditions other than cancer including in auto-immune disease, inflammatory disease, endometriosis, sepsis, and in the immediate aftermath of major trauma (for example following a heart attack, surgery or car accident). The Company’sOur primary focus is on cancer diagnosis but we will also intend to pursue diagnostic opportunities in other disease areas.


The Company’sTo date we have developed 20 NuQTM®blood test productsassays that fall into 4the five main types set forth below and willare intended to complement each other and, together, to provide a total solution:solution. To date, we do not have any products available for sale on the IVD market.


·

NuQTM®-X: A general test forWe are currently developing two blood assays in the detectionNuQ®-X family to detect the presence of the level of allcancer by detecting nucleosomes in a patient’s blood.containing specific nucleotides.


·

NuQ-XNuQTM®-V: We are currently have two testsdeveloping three blood assays in the NuQ-XNuQTM® family. They are tests for the detection of nucleosomes containing specific nucleotides are used as a blood test for the presence of cancer. So far we have tested blood samples from lung, colon, pancreatic and oral-V family to detect cancer patients taken on diagnosis prior to treatment. To date, every blood sample taken from patients with cancer that we have tested is clearly positive in both of the NuQ-XTM tests (100%). All blood samples taken from healthy patients have tested clearly negative in both tests (0%). Further clinical testing is necessary, but NuQ-XTM tests have great potential to fulfil the “holy grail” of a simple screening blood test for cancer.


·

NuQ-VTM: We currently have four tests in the NuQ-VTM family. These are tests for the detection ofby detecting nucleosomes containing specific histone variantsand are used as a blood test for cancer. Additionally,variants. Through our research, we have found that the pattern of blood levels of the different types of histone variants in nucleosomes is different for different cancer types. NuQ-VTM test levels are raised in 85% of blood samples taken from patients with cancer that we have tested to date and, as well as detecting cancer, the patterns can distinguish between different cancer types. The Company will develop further NuQ-VTM tests to distinguish all the main cancer types and to increase the cancer detection rate of NuQ-VTM even higher from 85%.


·

NuQ-MNuQTM®-M: We are currently have one testdeveloping nine blood assays in the NuQ-MNuQTM® family. This test is for the detection of-M family to detect cancer by detecting nucleosomes containing modified histones, the proteins that package and order DNA into nucleosomes, and can be used asnucleosomes.


·

NuQ®-A: We are currently developing five blood assays in the NuQ®-A family to detect cancer by detecting nucleosome-protein adducts.


·

NuQ®- T: We are currently developing a NuQ®-T assay to detect cancer by detecting total blood test for cancer. Our developmentnucleosome levels.


Generally, the tests described above are being developed to work with this family of tests is at an earlier stage. The Company will develop many more such tests andin combination, collectively called the intention is to use them in a similar way to that describedNuQ® panel, for the NuQ-VIVD market. In our biggest independent clinical trial to date, we have used the NuQTM® tests above.panel prototypes to test approximately 938 samples from patients with symptoms associated with colorectal cancer (the “Denmark Trial”). Additionally the NuQ® panel prototypes have been used to test a small number of blood samples from lung and prostate cancer patients.


______________________

21 Fraga MF et al., “Loss of acetylation at Lys16 and trimethylation at Lys20 of histone H4 is a common hallmark of human cancer”, Nature Genetics, Vol 37 (4), p391-400, 2005



9



NuQ® Research Kits


We believehave launched our first RUO products will enable doctorsfor use in cell culture in 2014, although we have decided to screen for cancer using a NuQ-XTM test with a high detection rate (we have observed a 100% detection rate to date) and, if cancer is detected, to use NuQ-MTM and NuQ-VTM tests to investigate which cancer is present  (up to 85% accuracy of those tested to date).


The Company will bring its suite of NuQTM blood tests tofocus our limited resources on clinical products in 2015 after our encouraging initial results in the market at the end of 2011 to meet the strong need for cancer diagnostics.


NuQTM Research Products


The Company has already developed a number of NuQTM tests that it is using for clinical validation. In addition to their applicationDenmark trials in diagnostics, these products are useful research tools and will be marketed for research use.


The Company is currently organizing the manufacture of its first research use products and will commence sales in late 2011.colorectal cancer. The research products are 96 well semi-manual kits for the simultaneous analysis of 96 blood48 samples, (thethe usual format for research products)products (a 96 well kit can be used to analyze some 48 samples in duplicate). The most expensive component in the manufacture of products areis the pairs of antibodies employed. Initially, these will be bought inare purchased or licensed in aton a cost of $14-$94 per kit (for the lowest and highest cost pairsmall scale, but we are currently using), but the Company hashave commenced development of itsour own antibodies which we believe will reduce costs. Total small scale production costs, to less than $10for our lowest cost kit is currently $130 per kit. Other production costs are less than $30This kit is marketed at $495 to the end user. The more expensive kits currently cost $300 per kit to manufacture and have selling prices between $795 - $1275 per kit. Total initial production costs will be around $50-$125 (or $2-$4 per test as samples are usually tested in duplicate, so that a 96 well kit can be used to analyze some 48 samples) and weWe anticipate a subsequent dropreduction in the production price the first year to approximately $40$100 per kit. The selling price will be in the region of $700 - $1200. A mock-up of a typical kit, is shown in Figure 3 below.






as we continue to develop our own antibodies.


The NuQTM® assay technology is proprietary to us so no direct competition exists. However, some competitors manufacture simple generic modified histone ELISA kits, which are the closest competitors currently on the market, to our intended NuQ®-M products. The generic products offered by competitors do not measure modified histones in intact nucleosomes but require chemical extraction of histones from samples prior to use.


The NuQ® research use kits are designed to run on simple instrumentation available from a wide range of suppliers and found in everymost research laboratorylaboratories and hospital.hospitals. Our own instrument, on which we develop and run the NuQTM® tests, is shown in Figure 43 below.


Figure 3 – Example of lab instrument for running ELISA tests


NuQTM® Clinical Diagnostic Products


There are three main segments toof the clinical IVD market addressed bythat we intend to adapt our future NuQ® products to in the Company’s products, and the NuQTM tests will be adapted for each of these segments.future.


·

Centralized High-Throughput, Hospital LaboratoriesLaboratory Market


Centralized laboratories test thousands of blood samples taken from patients everyday mostly using fully automated enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, (“ELISA”)or ELISA, systems, commonly known as random access analyzers, usually supplied by one of the global diagnostics companies. Tests run on ELISA systems use components of the immune system and chemicals to detect immune responses in the body. ELISA instruments are used in all major hospital for the analysis ofsystems analyze thousands of blood samples every day and can run dozens of different ELISA tests in any combination on any sample and for many samples simultaneously. The systems are highly automated and rapid (as little as 10 minutes for many tests), and can be run at low costs. Additionally, ELISA instruments are used in all major hospitals throughout the United States and Europe and therefore, are well understood by clinicians and laboratory staff. It is more cost-effective and technically simple for hospitals and clinics to run several blood samples simultaneously using ELISA tests compared to non-ELISA tests or alternative methods for screening cancer. All of the NuQ®tests that we are in the process of developing are designed for ELISA systems. A typical example of an automated ELISA system is shown below in Figure 5.  Our NuQTMproducts are all4.




Figure 4 – Example of an Automated ELISA tests; thus, we anticipate that our tests will be adopted quickly in the healthcare market because ELISA tests are widely used and well understood by clinicians and laboratory staff.



The patient diagnostics market is much larger than the research use market. However, healthcare providers operate strong cost control policies, and the global diagnostics companies that manufacture random access analyzers (e.g. Abbott) compete on market share and operate on a low price/high volume basis. The analyzers themselves are usually provided at no immediate cost in which the laboratory is “given” the instrument in return for agreeing to purchase minimum test numbers at given prices for a given time (this is somewhat similar to consumer mobile telephone contracts in which the phone itself is provided “free”). When the contract is complete the customer gets a “free upgrade” to the latest instrument upon signing a new contract.System


One option openthat may be available to us in the Companyfuture is to license our NuQNucleosomicsTM® technology on a non-exclusive basis to a global diagnostics company, withcompany. As of the date of this Report, we do not have an estimated revenue on such a license of approximately $10 per test. The otheranticipated timeframe for licensing our Nucleosomics® technology.


Another option which is the usual way that small innovative companies with high value ELISA products enter the centralized laboratory market,may be available to us is to sell manual and/or semi-automated 96 well ELISA plates for use by these laboratories. InAs of the date of this way, small ELISAReport, we have not entered into any discussions or negotiations with diagnostic companies are able to command prices infor the rangesale of $20-40 per test, dependent on the clinical benefit and health care cost saving benefits of the particular test. We have conducted end user research with the heads of centralized laboratories and we believe the Company’s products will command the high end of this price range.





ELISA plates.


·

Point-of-Care Devices: ThesePoint-of-care devices are small instruments that perform tens of ELISA tests per day rapidly on blood taken from a finger prick. The instruments can be foundimplemented in any oncology clinic and tests can be performed during patient consultations. The Company willWe intend to contract with an instrument manufacturer to produce these instruments for point-of-care NuQTM® testing for the oncologist’s office, general doctor’s office or at home testing. See Figure 6 for an example of a point-of-care device.  The Company expectsWe aim to enter the point-of-care clinical market in 2013,Europe in 2017 and in the United States in 2018, as the Companywe will first need to adapt its teststest prototypes to these small instruments and demonstrate their success in the greater diagnostics market before these products will be adopted by others in the industry. At this stage of its development, we cannot accurately predict the costs to manufacture these devices or their selling price. As of the date of this Report, we have not entered into any discussions or negotiations regarding the manufacture or sale of these devices. See Figure 5 for an example of a point-of-care device.


Figure 5 – Example of a Point-of-Care Device


The above photograph is an illustration of our intended products. To date, we have no products available for sale on the IVD market and there is no guarantee that any such products will be developed or commercialized on such market.




·

Disposable Home Use orTests for Doctor’s Office Tests:or Home Use: TheseDisposable tests for use in a doctor’s office or at home are single shot disposable devices which can be provided by a clinician as part of a screening program or purchased over the counter at any chemist shop thator pharmacy and test a drop of blood taken from a finger prick. The test iscan be administered at a doctor’s office using a point-of-care device or performed at home using a home testing kit, neither of which require laboratory involvement. Thus, the patient experiences considerably lower costs using these tests as compared to traditional laboratory tests.


The Company will contract withformat of the self-use home testing kit is very easy to use and reproduce and does not rely on laboratory processing. There are currently no useful diagnostics tests suitable for mass screening for cancer in general through a specialist company to adapt the NuQTM tests to this doctor office orsimple self-use home use system and contract with their manufacture. The sale of these tests will initially be for professional use only and will likely be released at a later time for non-professional use.testing kit. Figure 76 below shows a basic home use test on the left which displays the results of the test in the two windows, similar to a pregnancy test. The test on the right is more sophisticated and plugs into a meter or the USB port of a computer for analysis and interpretation.interpretation allowing results to be sent directly to a clinician.


Figure 6 – Examples of Disposable Doctor’s Office or Home Use Tests


The self-useabove photograph is an illustration of our intended products. To date, we have no products available for sale on the IVD market and there is no guarantee that any such products will be developed or commercialized on such market.


We intend to contract with a specialist company to adapt the NuQ® test prototypes to the doctor’s office or home testing kit market is massiveuse system and to contract with a manufacturer for the production of these tests beginning in size and potentially highly profitable, as the format is very easy to use and reproduce and does not rely on laboratory processing. There are currently no useful diagnostics tests suitable for mass screening for cancer in general through a simple point-of-care or self-use home testing kit.  About 30%2017. As of the population in developed countries are overdate of this Report, we have not entered into any agreements of contracts with a specialist company or manufacturer. Initially, we intend to sell these tests for professional use only (doctor’s office) and to sell the age of 50 and would be likely candidatestests for mass cancer screening, were such atnon-professional home tests available.  On a 5-yearly screen basis, the Company estimates this represents some 40 million tests per annum in the U.S. and Europe, for which we would expect to conservatively selluse at a later time. We do not yet have an estimated timeframe for entering into this market. Further, at this early stage of our development, we cannot accurately determine the manufacturing costs or selling price of at least $30-40 per test.  The tests are expected to cost approximately $5-6 each to manufacture. Given that the price charged to the user should be approximately $30-$40, the margin appears very attractive and the cost benefit to the patient compelling.  The potential total market size for NuQTM self-tests is over a billion dollars annually, based on 30 million test sales worldwide per year.






these tests.


HyperGenomicsNuQTM® tests for non-cancer conditions


The Company isBlood nucleosome levels can be raised in the process of developing its HyperGenomicsTM tests, which will be administered onceconditions other than cancer has been detected to accurately determine the specific subtype ofincluding in auto-immune disease, and to help decide the most appropriate therapy. Selecting the correct treatment approach can significantly improve outcome, reduce side effects and deliver cost savings.  The Company believes the hypergenomic technology has the potential to be as ground breaking and revolutionary as our NuQTM suite of tests, as HyperGenomicsTM-based tests would provide detailed information on the specific cancer and the individual’s prognosis, and would help guide treatment.


The Company estimates that 10 million biopsy tests are performed annually in the U.S. with over a million in prostate cancer alone. Around 240,000 of these are positive and would be suited for hypergenomic profiling. A similar number are performed in Europeinflammatory disease, endometriosis, sepsis, and in the restimmediate aftermath of major trauma (for example following a heart attack, surgery or car accident). Our primary focus is on cancer diagnosis but we also intend to pursue diagnostic opportunities in other disease areas. Our primary non-cancer focus is the world. Such tests command high prices. For example Mammaprint,development of a prognostic gene arraytest for predicting breast cancer recurrence, has a list price of $4250/2675 with over 14,000 tests carried out since approval by the FDA in 2007. On the reasonable basis that a HyperGenomicsTM test would be priced comparatively, the potential annual market size for HyperGenomicsTM tests would be in the hundreds of millions of dollars within 5 years.


The Company will spend the fourth quarter of 2011 and the first quarter of 2012 in technical validation of this technology.  In parallel, a pre-assembled kit will be developed to service the rapidly expanding life-science/epigenetics research community and will complement the Nu-QTM range of epigenetics research tools and kits.  In addition to continued method refinement of the HyperGenomicsTM technology, the Company will develop a robust bioinformatics platform, which shall combine the HyperGenomicsTM technology with computer science and information technology, to process and analyze data and store information. The Company expects its HyperGenomicsTM products to be rolled out onto the market within the next two years.


Endometriosis Testendometriosis.


Endometriosis is a progressive gynecological condition that affects one in ten women of childbearing age and approximately 176 million women worldwide. The disease is the leading cause of infertility in women, with up to 40% of all infertile women suffering from endometriosis. ThereAt present, there is currently no existing non-surgical diagnostic test for endometriosis. Diagnosis is typically made via invasive and expensive laparoscopy, followed by a histological examination of any lesions found to confirm the diagnosis. DueTime to difficulties in this process, the diagnosis can take approximatelyup to 9 years from when the symptoms appear. The lack of a suitable screening test has also held up development of a cure for the disease.




Singapore Volition acquired the patent application for an endometriosis test in June 2011 and the Company iswe are now in the process of developing the test based on itsour existing NuQNucleosomicsTM® technology. TheWe designed the test willto be a simple blood test taken at two stages of a woman’s menstrual cycle, during menses and partway through the month. If the two measurements show quantitative differences in total nucleosome level, endometriosis is indicated.


Hypothesis-testing We are currently conducting hypothesis-testing and clinical proof of concept work (to demonstrate that the test is feasible or has the potential to be used and is effective) on the endometriosis test is currently being carried out in our laboratory. We completed pilot studies of the Company’s laboratory. The Company will continue with validation of its NuQTM based endometriosis tests through the fourth quarter of 2011. The Company will review the best ways of commercializing a producttest in the late first quarter of 2012 if the validations continue to prove its diagnostic potential.   If the Company is successful in developing a reliable test, we believe that there would be significant interest from large pharmaceutical companies in partnering with the Company.







Product Development


The Company’s first products, the epigenetic cancer blood tests based on our proprietary NuQTMtechnology, are in development and will be released for research use byreceive the first quartersamples from The University of 2012.  


The Company will focus its energies in 2012 on bringing its NuQTM, NuQ-XTM and NuQ-VTM products to the market, while secondarily working on the proof of concepts and validations for NuQ-MTM, Hypergenomics (“NuQ-IHC”) and Endometriosis (“NuQ Endo”) products.


A graphic representation of the developmental stage of each of the Company’s product lines at the end of third quarter of 2011 is as follows:



Plan of Operations / Sales and Marketing Strategy


The first use of our NuQTM products will be for research, as the research market has lower regulatory barriers and is faster to adopt new products than the clinical diagnostics sector.  We believe that by selling our products in the research market, we will drive awareness of our Company and our products which in turn, will lead to future sales in both the research and clinical markets.  The Company’s products will be available for purchaseOxford in the first quarter of 2012 to researchers via the Company’s product website, http://www.nucleosomics.com.  Initially, the Company2015 as part of a larger endometriosis study. The University of Oxford will provide serum and plasma samples from approximately 350 patients with endometriosis and 150 control patients over a period of two years. The test is too early in its development for us to accurately determinate the manufacturing costs and sale price of the test. The test is not currently being developed for the RUO market.


HyperGenomics®


We are in the process of developing HyperGenomics® tissue and blood-based tests to determine disease subtype following initial diagnosis and to help decide the most appropriate therapy. Although as with the Nucleosomics® RUO kits, we have decided to focus on our clinical Nucleosomics®products in 2015, and only continue with background work in HyperGenomics® until we have the capital and management resources to four carefully chosen opinion leadersdo multiple programs concurrently.


Selecting the correct treatment approach can significantly improve outcome, reduce side effects and deliver cost savings. The HyperGenomics® tests will be performed on cancer tissue obtained either by biopsy or during surgical resection to determine the cancer subtype and to determine optimal treatment regimens. The HyperGenomics® profiling tests are being developed to provide further validationdetailed epigenetic characterization of tumors in a cost effective way. A new protocol for analyzing white blood cells – a precursor to applications in leukemia - was developed in 2012. We commenced development of a bioinformatics pipeline to analyze the complex data sets generated from the biological samples in 2012 and product feedback.  continued development of the algorithms in 2013. We aim to file new in house methodology patents for HyperGenomics® in 2015.


We realized our first revenue of $50,000 from contract research in 2012. We will allocate resources to the HyperGenomics® research kit as soon as is practical given our focus on the Nucleosomics® clinical products in 2015, Beta-testing is expected to take approximately six (6) months to complete once initiated and we expect it to cost approximately $50,000. If beta-testing is successful, we expect to launch HyperGenomics® research kits into the RUO market in Europe and in the United States.


The Company intends to choose a sales partnerlaunch of the HyperGenomics® test into the IVD market in Europe and the United States will follow the commercialization of the test into the RUO market. The estimated timeframe for its launch into the IVD market has not yet been determined and will depend upon the speed of clinical trials and market approval. The HyperGenomics® test is too early in its development for us to accurately determinate the manufacturing costs and sale price of the test.


Validation Studies


We have two main validation studies currently underway in colorectal cancer and two smaller studies:


·

A retrospective symptomatic study with Hvidovre Hospital in Denmark with full access to all Danish national registries and databases analyzing approximately 4,800 previously collected samples from patients with colorectal cancer, polyps or adenomas, benign bowel diseases, or other malignancies, all of whom have undergone a colonoscopy (the “Retrospective CRC Trial”).


The Retrospective CRC Trial is designed to (i) establish a NuQTM® research productsprofile for the detection of colorectal cancer in an initially blinded cohort (“Phase I”); and (ii) validate that profile in a second blind cohort (“Phase II”). As part of Phase I, at the end of the third quarter 2014, approximately 20% of the Retrospective CRC Trial samples have been analyzed with a combination of NuQ® assays. Additional NuQ®assays are currently being tested on these Phase I samples. Phase II will commence using the best NuQ® assays on the blind sample cohort in 2015 with the results intended to be used to support CE marking of specific NuQ®assays.


·

A prospective colorectal cancer study with Hvidovre Hospital in Denmark with 14,000 samples to be collected over 20-24 months from April 2014 from patients who have had a fecal occult blood test (“FIT Test”). Patients who tested positive following the FIT Test will additionally have a colonoscopy and we have full access to these results and the patient’s medical history. It is anticipated that 8,000 samples will be collected from patients who tested positive following a FIT Test and 6,000 samples from patients tested negative. The Prospective CRC Study is designed to evaluate the performance of the validated NuQ® panel from the Retrospective CRC Trial in a large non-symptomatic cohort. The samples will be analyzed in batches throughout the collection period.



13



·

A prospective colorectal cancer study with CHU-UCL Mont Godinne Hospital in Belgium with approximately 250 patients with suspected colorectal cancer to be collected. Collection began in 2012 and was completed in the first quarter of 2012, which will further drive sales in this market.  Additionally, the Company will manufacture an initial run of 1,000 NuQTM kits in late fourth quarter of 2011.  2014. The trial supported the early clinical development of our non-invasive cancer detection blood tests for colorectal cancer.


·

A retrospective study to evaluate NuQ® assays in a treatment selection setting to distinguish anaplastic cancer, a particularly aggressive form of prostate cancer, from typical castration resistant prostate cancer (CRPC), the less aggressive form.


We expect our first revenuesare also conducting a large prospective study with University Hospital in Bonn, Germany on approximately 4,000 patients to be generatedcollected to evaluate the performance of our assays on patients with the twenty most prevalent cancer types. We intend to commence testing the first samples from the sales of these kits to researchers, closely followed by sales of NuQ-VTM and NuQ- XTMthis study in the research market.   2015.


Further, it is expected thatDuring the Company will obtain CE Marking for its products in late 2012 which will allow forfifteen months preceding the NuQTM tests to be used in a clinical setting in Europe. FDA approval is expected in 2013 which will allow for clinical usedate of our products in the U.S.  Once the productsthis Report, we have received the requisite approval from the FDA and CE Marking, the Company will begin selling its products for both research and clinical use, starting in Europe, followed by the U.S. and then the rest of the world, with a focus on Asia.  The Company will useannounced the following methods to generate revenuespreliminary results from its NuQTM products:our trials:


·

Direct SalesNovember 7, 2013: As the Company wantsTested 90 samples taken from patients using one NuQ® assay. Detected 75% of patients with colorectal cancer, or CRC, at 70% specificity compared to get its products to market as quickly as possible, direct sales will be the first path to market the suitehealthy samples. The results were validated in a second set of NuQTM products as well as all of the Company’s other products when they are first available for sale. Initial sales will be achieved through strong existing contacts, a dedicated product website and a distribution agent to handle the physical logistics.113 samples taken from patients with CRC.Presented at CNAPS conference, Baltimore, USA. Also published in May 2014 Anticancer Research journal http://ar.iiarjournals.org/content/34/5/2357.abstract?etoc.


·

Product Sales PartnersDecember 2, 2013: When sales volumes increase,Tested 39 samples taken from patients using a combination of two NuQ® assays. Detected 85% of patients with CRC at 85% specificity and over 50% of patients with precancerous polyps.Presented at the vast majority of sales of diagnosticClinical Genomics and research products will be carried out using contracted sales and marketing partners. This will be organized by territory, by region and end user, e.g. clinical vs. research.Informatics Europe Conference, Portugal.


·

Distribution AgreementsMarch 17, 2014: Distribution agreements will be used primarily in marketsTested serum and territories where the Company has no real prospectplasma samples from 39 patients referred for colonoscopy; 9 patients newly diagnosed with prostate cancer; and 10 male control subjects. Detected 85% of obtaining traction alone or where the entry barriers are high. The Company will enter into tightly drawn distribution agreements outlining the territory and sectorspatients with CRC at 85% specificity. Detected over 50% of patients with precancerous polyps. Detected approx. 80% of patients with prostate cancers at 70% specificity. Profiles of two cancers shown to be covered.  Control will be maintained by the Company through strict oversightdifferent.Presented at The International Society of Oncology and by centralized production centers that will provide supplies to distributors.Biomarkers Congress (ISOBM), Barcelona, Spain.




·



September 11, 2014: Tested 938 samples taken from patients aged over 50 years with symptoms indicative of colorectal cancer. Samples were collected between 2010 and 2012 from patients with CRC, polyps or adenomas, benign bowel diseases or other malignancies or symptoms, all of whom have undergone a colonoscopy. Under the trials’ design, we can have anonymized access to the Danish national registries and databases in relation to these samples. Results were age and gender adjusted and all the figures are cancer/polyps versus no comorbidities and no co findings at a specificity of 78%. Samples tested using a three NuQ® assay panel. Detected 84% of patients with CRC including early and late stage CRC, and 60% of patients with precancerous polyps.Presented at the 2014 Aegis Capital Healthcare & Technology Conference, Nevada, USA.


The Company’s NuQTM products will require several dynamic and evolving sales models tailored to different worldwide markets, users and products. The Company has decided to focus its sales strategy·

October 9, 2014: Additional analysis performed on the initial research markets in 2012 and develop a flexible strategy for its clinical products through the second and third quarters of 2012.  We predict relatively low sales to researchers initially, but expect rapid growth as our products become standard, progressing to large volumes of tests sold to centralized laboratories and eventually reaching the mass diagnostics testing market.  The exact nature830 of the ideal sales strategy will evolve938 samples tested from patients aged over 50 years with symptoms indicative of CRC the results of which were first announced on September 11, 2014. Among the 830 subjects, a total of 59 CRC cases were identified by colonoscopy, including 35 colon cancer and be developed by24 rectal cancer cases. Of the Company59 CRC cases, the NuQ® blood test was able to detect both early (I or II) and late (III or IV) stage cases as summarized in the listfollowing table:


Stage of Colorectal Cancer

Stage of Colorectal Cancer

Number of Cancer Cases Identified by NuQ® Test

Corresponding Percentage of Cancer Cases Identified by NuQ® Test

Early

Stage I

6 of 8

75%

Early

Stage II

19 of 20

95%

Late

Stage III

16 of 20

80%

Late

Stage IV

9 of 11

82%


Presented at the 9th International Conference of productsAnticancer Research, Greece.



14



·

November 24, 2014: Pilot lung cancer study tested both sputum (airway secretions, or mucus coughed up from the lower respiratory tract) and markets grow.blood samples from the same 46 patients with either non-small cell lung cancer, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) or with no disease (healthy) across various NuQ® assay panels. In sputum samples, our NuQ® test was able to detect 18 of 21 lung cancer cases (85%) with no false positive results for healthy subjects (0 of 13) and discriminate lung cancer from COPD. The sputum assay data is age and smoking independent. In blood the NuQ® assays were able to detect 16 of the 21 patients with cancer (76%) with a single false positive result from a healthy subject (1 of 13) and also able to discriminate lung cancer from COPD. The blood assay data is adjusted for age and smoking risk.Presented at the the Science for Business BioWin Day 2014 in Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium.


·

January 7, 2015: Tested 60 samples taken from patients using a panel of 5 NuQ®assays; 25 patients diagnosed with stage IIa or stage IIb pancreatic cancer; 10 patients with other pancreatic diseases including chronic pancreatitis, intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasm (IPMN; a pre-cancerous condition which may lead to pancreatic cancer), serous cystadenoma (a benign tumor) and tubular adenoma in papilla vateri (another type of benign tumor); and 25 samples taken from healthy subjects. Our NuQ®test was able to detect 21 of the 25 pancreatic cancer cases from healthy subjects (84% sensitivity), with only two false positive results among the 25 healthy subjects (92% specificity). Furthermore, the same panel of NuQ® assays was able to distinguish 19 of the pancreatic cancer cases (76% sensitivity) from all other subjects including healthy subjects and those with other pancreatic diseaseswith only a single false positive for one healthy subject and two false positives for subjects with other pancreatic diseases, one of which was a subject with pre-cancerous IPMN condition (91% specificity).


Intellectual Property


The Company holds sevenWe hold or have applied for nine families of patents covering its current product pipeline.  Three of these arethe products currently being developed. One is licensed formfrom a world-class research institutions, twoinstitution, one is licensed from a pharmaceutical company and seven are patents authored by Belgian Volition and two are patents authored by Singapore Volition.  The Company will continue to apply for patents for further developments. The Company’s IP gives it a very strong and varied base from which to protect both its suite of NuQTM products and other products under development as it continues to make innovative breakthroughs.our subsidiaries.


NucleosomicsTM® IPIntellectual Property


·

Singapore Volition holdsheld an exclusive license to the following patent from Chroma Therapeutics Limited until February 20, 2015, when it purchased this patent from Chroma Therapeutics Limited:


Nucleosomics® WO2005019826:Detection of Histone Modifications in Cell-Free Nucleosomes (Patent that underlies the NuQ-MNuQTM®-M tests)


Priority:Application Date: August 18, 2003


Status: Granted in Europe; Pending in U.S.United States


·

Singapore Volition holds the worldwide exclusive license in “the field of cancer diagnosis and cancer prognosis” for the following patent from the European Molecular Biology Laboratory:


EMBL Variant Patent WO2011000573:Diagnostic Method for Predicting the Risk of Cancer Recurrence based on MacroH2A Isoforms


Priority:Application Date: July 2, 2009


Status: Granted in Australia and China; Pending Worldwidein Europe, United States, Canada, South Africa, India, Brazil, Japan, Singapore


·

Belgian Volition authored the following patent application covering its total NuQTM® assay technology:


NuQ® Patent UK1115099.2 and U.S. 61530300:Method for Detecting Nucleosomes


Priority:Application Date: September 1, 2011


Status: Pending Worldwidein Europe, United States



15



·

Belgian Volition authored the following patent application covering its NuQ-VNuQTM®-V technology:


NuQ-VNuQ®-V Patent UK1115098.4andU.S. 61530304:Method for Detecting Nucleosomes containing Histone Variants


Priority:Application Date: September 1, 2011


Status: Pending Worldwidein Europe, United States, Canada, Australia, South Africa, India, Brazil, Japan, China, Singapore, Russia, South Korea, Mexico


·

Singapore Volition authored the following patent application covering its NuQ-XNuQTM®-X technology:


NuQ-XNuQ®-X Patent UK1115095.0 and U.S. 61530295: Method for detecting Nucleosomes containing Nucleotides


Priority:Application Date: September 1, 2011


Status: Pending Worldwide







HyperGenomicsTM IPin Europe, United States, Canada, Australia, South Africa, India, Brazil, Japan, China, Singapore, Russia, South Korea, Mexico


·

HyperGenomics Pte Limited holds a worldwide exclusive licence toSingapore Volition authored the following patent application from Imperial College, London:covering a NuQ®-A blood test for detecting nucleosome adducts of cancer origin that circulate in the blood of cancer patients. The patent application covers both the use of these adducts as biomarkers and the methods for their detection.


HyperGenomics WO03004702:  NuQ®-A Patent UK112130.5 and U.S. 61568090:Method for Determining Chromatin Structuredetecting Nucleosome Adducts


Priority:  July 5, 2001Application Date: December 7, 2011


Status: Pending in Europe, and U.S.United States, Canada, Australia, South Africa, India, Brazil, Japan, China, Singapore, Russia, South Korea, Mexico


·

Singapore Volition authored the following patent application covering NuQ®-M blood tests for detecting nucleosomes containing modified histones of cancer origin that circulate in the blood of cancer patients. The patent application covers methods for their detection.


NuQ®-M US1770893: Method for detecting Histone Modifications in Nucleosomes


Application Date: February 28th, 2013


Status: Pending Worldwide


·

Singapore Volition was the applicant for and has been assigned the following patent:


US61770922: Method for Predicting Therapy Efficacy using Nucleosome Structure Biomarkers

Application Date: February 28th, 2013


Status: Pending Worldwide


Endometriosis IPIntellectual Property


·

Singapore Volition authored the following patent application for its endometriosis test:


Endometriosis Diagnostic UK1012662.1:Method for Detecting the Presence of a Gynaecological Growth


Priority:Application Date: July 19, 201128, 2010


Status: Granted in Australia; Pending Worldwidein United States, Canada, Europe



16



Future IPIntellectual Property Strategy


BothWe intend to continue our development of the NuQNucleosomicsTM® and HyperGenomicsTM® technologies and will continue to give rise to multiple products in the cancer and other diagnostic fields. The Company’sapply for patents for future product developments. Our strategy is to protect thetechnologies with patents in Europe and the U.S. Following product development,The protection of the technologies underlying products will then provide multiple cover for each product,based on the technologies,product. We believe that this will be further protected individually by new patent filings worldwide.


This will provide:


·

Ensured marketMarket exclusivity through a double layer of patent protection (primarily the protection of the underlying technology on which all the tests are based and, secondarily, specific patentmultiple protection for each product).future product.


·

A full 20-yearFull protection reaching at least to 2031 for each new product developed (e.g. ausing the NuQTM® product developed in 2010 would continue to be protected in all markets until 2030, beyond expiration of the parent technology patent in 2023).







-X, NuQ®-V and NuQ®-A technologies.


Trademarks


Singapore Volition has applied forWe also own a number of trademarks for the following terms:


·

Nucleosomics

·

HyperGenomics

·

NuQ (covers associated brand namesthat protect our marks including NuQ-M, NuQ-V, NuQ-Endo, etc.)


The Company is entitled to use ““NuQTM®,” “Nucleosomics®in association with these terms until final decisions on the registration of the applications are due in early 2012.and “HyperGenomics®.”


Government Approval


All of the Company’s NuQTM suite ofour intended products are designed to be non-invasive, meaning they cannot harm the subject other than through misdiagnosis. As a general principle, to achieve regulatory approval the Company would only need to prove that the products work according to the claims that the Company makes.   


The Company’sOur strategy is to begin selling products for research purposes that require minimal regulatory approval, while simultaneously goinggo through the process of obtaining regulatory approval for theIVD products to be used clinically on cancer patients. The Company willConformité Européenne, or CE Marking, is a mandatory conformity mark for certain products placed on market in the European Union including, medical devices and IVD tests. CE Marking ensures that the manufacturer’s product conforms to the essential requirements of the relevant European health, safety and environmental protection legislation. We intend to first focus on theobtaining regulatory processapproval in Europe (CE Marking), due to the grantedgrant of the NuQ® patent for NuQTMin Europe and lighter regulatory requirements for the Company’s initial lab products. Thisrelatively fast European CE Marking process. We currently anticipate this will be followed closely by the regulatory processlicensing to CLIA labs for a LDT in the U.S.United States, and/or regulatory submissions in the United States and in the rest of the world.  Planning for the rest of the world is being undertaken and will be initiated after CE Marking (described below). In many territories, the European CE Mark is sufficient to place products on the clinical market and, where it is not, it often simplifies the regulation processes. To date, we have not begun the CE Marking or FDA approval process for any of our tests currently under development.


Europe – Europe–CE Marking


Conformité Européenne (“CE”) Marking is a rough equivalent of the United States’ Food and Drug Administration (“FDA”) approvals process, although is a somewhat lighter regime. Manufacturers in the European Union (“EU”) and abroad must meet CE Marking requirements, where applicable, in order to market their products in Europe. The CE Mark certifies that a product has met EU health, safety, and environmental requirements which ensure consumer safety.


To receive the CE Mark, the Companyour diagnostic products must meet certain standards and follow certain proceduresrequirements as set forth in the In-Vitro Diagnostic Medical Devices Directive. The requirements to procure CE Marking for In-Vitro Diagnostic Medical products are:


·

analytical validation of the products;


·

clinical validation of the products (which can be retrospective clinical studies using biobank patient samples, i.e. blood samples from historic patients);


·

implementation of regulatory compliant manufacture;


·

implementation of a Quality System; and


·

certification from the International Organization for Standardization (this last requirement is not technically required but will aid the regulatory approval process in Europe and the United States).


We are currently engaged in the first two requirements listed above for the first NuQ®-X assay. The remaining requirements listed above are general requirements that apply to all of our intended products. In Vitrocompliance with the In-Vitro Diagnostic Medical Devices Directive which appliesand the CE Marking process, we have ensured that all development and validation is carried out in a manner consistent with regulatory approval. Additionally, we have maintained proper records so that our future products can be approved as quickly and simply as possible. We have engaged a regulatory advisor to lead the Company in meeting the last requirement for all of our future products. All of these requirements must be completed prior to the Company’s diagnostic products.  submission of an application for CE Marking. We will submit applications, which will contain a dossier of all relevant analytical, clinical and manufacturing data following retrospective clinical studies which we expect will require a total of approximately six (6) months to complete. We estimate the cost of obtaining CE Marking will be approximately $500,000 per NuQ® panel. We expect to apply for CE Marking for the NuQ®-X assay in 2015. Sales of our clinical products can occur in Europe once CE Marking has been granted.



17



In Europe, IVD companies are able to self-certify that they meet the appropriate regulatory requirements and are subject to inspection for enforcement. European national agencies, such as Customs authorities and/or the Departments of Health, Industry and Labor, conduct market surveillance to ensure the provisions of the applicable Directive have been met for products marketed within the EU.European Union. In pursuit of this goal, surveillance authorities will: i) visit


·

audit commercial, industrial and storage premises on a regular basis; ii) premises;

·

visit work places and other premises where products are put into service and used; iii)

·

organize random checks; and iv)

·

take samples of products for examination and testing.


If a product is found to be noncompliant, corrective action will depend on and be appropriate to the level of noncompliance. Others responsible for the noncompliance of the product will be held accountable as well. Penalties, which may include imprisonment, are determined by national law.


In compliance with the In Vitro Diagnostic Medical Devices DirectiveU.S–Laboratory Developed Test


A laboratory-developed test, or LDT, is a type of in-vitro diagnostic test that is designed, manufactured and the CE Marking process, the Company has ensured that all development and validation is carried out inused within a manner consistent with regulatory approval and has maintained proper records so that its productssingle laboratory. LDTs can be approvedsingle or multianalyte tests used to help diagnose a patient’s state of health. LDTs cannot be used directly for disease screening, as quickly and simply as possible.  The Company has engaged a regulatory consultant to ensure that all of its procedures are fully compliant.   Further, the Company is working with EU regulatory professionals to obtain market approval and begin clinical validation.  FDA would regulate this.


The Company expectsFDA, while it always has claimed the power to regulate LDTs, historically has not enforced the more stringent premarket review and other applicable FDA requirements for many LDTs, especially the relatively simple lab tests that CE Mark approvalare available on a limited basis. FDA refers to its prior decision to not overtly regulate LDTs as involving its exercise of “enforcement discretion.”  In the absence of the FDA actively regulating LDTs, the primary federal agency exercising control over LDTs has been the Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services, or the CMS, under the Clinical Laboratory Improvement Amendments, or CLIA. A CLIA certified laboratory is required to determine, validate and submit performance characteristics on around 50 known and 50 unknown samples including:


·

Accuracy;

·

Precision;

·

Analytical sensitivity;

·

Analytical specificity to include interfering substances;

·

Reportable range of test results for the Company’s first clinical productstest system;

·

Reference intervals (normal values); and

·

Any other performance characteristic required for test performance.


On July 31, 2014 the FDA notified Congress of the Agency’s intent to issue a draft oversight framework for LDTs based on risk to patients rather than whether a conventional manufacturer or a single laboratory made them. The FDA issued draft guidance on October 3, 2014 regarding its oversight of LDTs which was subject to public comment until February 2, 2015. This oversight includes pre-market review for higher-risk LDTs although the framework would be phased in over many years. There is uncertainty regarding the impact and even the legal status of the FDA’s decision with challenges expected in the US courts. The initial focus for the FDA is on high-risk test categories which includes definitive diagnosis in the absence of a confirmatory technique. Within a CLIA lab, specific claims for use of the Nucleosomics® technology will therefore be limited, for example, to adjunctive diagnostics, such as identification of circulating blood nucleosomes associated with colorectal cancer. Confirmation of diagnosis will be achievedprovided by colonoscopy as with the end of 2012, at which pointfecal test.


We do not intend to establish a CLIA laboratory in the first salesUnited States due to the costs and time frame associated with this. Pending completion of our clinical products can occur in Europe.  Further,review of the Company expects that FDA approvalregulatory environment in the U.S. will follow approximately 9 months laterUnited States, including the effect of the Draft Guidance, we aim initially to enter the United States market by identifying a licensing partner for the Nucleosomics® technology for establishment of an LDT for adjunctive diagnostics to aid in 2013.  FDA approval is more expensive and will take at least twice as long as CE Marking in Europe.






colorectal cancer diagnosis.


U.S. – United States–FDA Approval


The Company’sOur diagnostic products are considereddesignated as “medical devices” by the FDA to be “medical devices”.FDA. Among other things, the FDA regulates the research, testing, manufacturing, safety, labeling, storage, recordkeeping, pre-market clearance or approval, marketing and promotion, and sales and distribution of medical devices in the U.S.United States to ensure that medical devices distributed domestically are safe and effective for their intended uses. In addition, the FDA regulates the export of medical devices manufactured in the U.S.United States to international markets. We estimate the cost of obtaining FDA approval to be approximately $5 million per product. FDA approval is more expensive and will likely take at least twice as long as CE Marking in Europe.



18



Unless an exemption applies, each medical device that we wish to market in the U.S.United States must first receive either clearance of a 510(k) pre-market notification or approval of a Product Market Application (“PMA”)Approval, or PMA, from the FDA. The FDA’s 510(k) clearance process usually takes from three to twelve months, but it can take significantly longer and clearance is never guaranteed. The process of obtaining PMA approval is much more costly, lengthy and uncertain. It generally takes from one to three years or even longer and approval is not guaranteed.


The FDA decides whether a device must undergo either the 510(k) clearance or PMA approval process based upon statutory criteria. These criteria include the level of risk that the agency determines is associated with the device and a determination of whether the product is a type of device that is similar to devices that are already legally marketed. Devices deemed to pose relatively less risk are placed in either Class I or II. Class III devices are those devices which are deemed by the FDA to pose the greatest risk, such as life-sustaining, life-supporting or implantable devices, have a new intended use, or use advanced technology that is not substantially equivalent to that of a legally marketed device. In the U.S.,United States, cancer diagnostics usually are considered Class III products, the highest classification (in Europe, cancer diagnostics are not in the high classification group (exceptexcept for home use). As such, most of the Company’sour future products will likelymay have to undergo the full PMA process of the FDA.


A clinical trial may be required in support of a 510(k) submission and is generally required for a PMA application. These trials generally require an effective Investigational Device Exemption, (“IDE”),or IDE, from the FDA for a specified number of patients, unless the product is exempt from IDE requirements or deemed a non significantnon-significant risk device eligible for more abbreviated IDE requirements. The IDE application must be supported by appropriate data, such as animal and laboratory testing results. Clinical trials may begin 30 days after the submission of the IDE application unless the FDA or the appropriate institutional review boards at the clinical trial sites place the trial on clinical hold.


Once the application and approval process is complete and the product is placed on the clinical diagnostics market, regardless of the classification or pre-market pathway, it remains subject to significant regulatory requirements. The FDA may impose limitations or restrictions on the uses and indications for which the product may be labeled and promoted. Medical devices may only be marketed for the uses and indications for which they are cleared or approved. FDA regulations prohibit a manufacturer from promoting a device for an unapproved or “off-label” use. Manufacturers that sell products to laboratories for research or investigational use in the collection of research data are similarly prohibited from promoting such products for clinical or diagnostic tests.


Further, our future manufacturing processes and those of our future suppliers arewill be required to comply with the applicable portions of the FDA’s Quality Systems Regulations, which cover the methods and documentation of the design, testing, production, processes, controls, quality assurance, labeling, packaging and shipping of our intended products. Domestic facility records and manufacturing processes are subject to periodic unscheduled inspections by the FDA. The FDA also may inspect foreign facilities that export products to the U.S.United States.


The FDA has broad regulatory and enforcement powers. If the FDA determines that we have failed to comply with applicable regulatory requirements, it can impose a variety of enforcement actions ranging from public warning letters, fines, injunctions, consent decrees and civil penalties to suspension or delayed issuance of approvals, seizure or recall of our future products, total or partial shutdown of production, withdrawal of approvals or clearances already granted, and criminal prosecution. The FDA can also require us to repair, replace or refund the cost of products that we manufactured or distributed. Furthermore, the regulation and enforcement of diagnostics and equipment by the FDA is an evolving area that is subject to change. While we believe that we are and will continue to be in compliance with the current regulatory requirements and policies of the FDA, the FDA may impose more rigorous regulations or policies that may expose us to enforcement actions or require a change in our business practices. If any of these events were to occur, it could materially adversely affect us.


Product Development and Plan of Operations


PlannedNuQ® Assays (Cancer and Other Conditions):


·

Research Use Only Market


§

The NuQ® suite of assays has been released for the RUO market.


·

In-Vitro Diagnostics Market


§

CE Marking (Europe): A pilot NuQ® panel of 3 assays underwent external third party retrospective clinical validations during 2012 which took approximately nine (9) months to complete. A larger NuQ® panel of assays commenced large scale retrospective clinical validations in 2013 which will continue during 2015. Once the retrospective validations are completed, the tests will be submitted for CE Mark approval. We estimate the cost of obtaining CE Marking will be approximately $500,000.



19



§

FDA Approval (United States): FDA approval is expected to require longer large scale prospective clinical validation studies and is expected to commence in 2015 and be completed in 2017. When completed, the data will be submitted to the FDA for United States market approval. We estimate the cost of obtaining FDA approval will be approximately $5 million.


We completed initial external testing on a variety of cancers in 2012-2013 based on our Nucleosomics® technology. Cancers were selected by medical need and commercial value and large scale retrospective (CE Mark) and prospective (FDA) clinical validation studies for the cancers identified as most promising in the 2012 studies commenced in 2013. We expect to produce a rolling pipeline of products for different types of cancers over the next three (3) to five (5) years.


NuQ® Clinical Validations / Clinical TrialsDiagnostic Products:


·

Centralized Laboratory Market


§

License of Nucleosomics® technology to a global diagnostics company: We may license our Nucleosomics® technology on a non-exclusive basis to a global diagnostics company. The approximate licensing fees have not yet been determined. As of the date of this Report, we have not entered into any agreements with diagnostic companies or established an anticipated timeframe for licensing our Nucleosomics® technology.


§

Sell manual and/or semi-manual ELISA plates to centralized laboratories:We may sell manual and/or semi-automated 96 well ELISA plates for use by centralized laboratories. The approximate manufacturing costs or sales price have not yet been determined. As of the date of this prospectus, we have not entered into any discussions or negotiations with diagnostic companies or established an anticipated timeframe regarding the sale of ELISA plates.


§

Point-of-Care Devices: We intend to enter the point-of-care clinical market in Europe in 2017 and in the United States in 2018. The approximate manufacturing costs or sales price per device have not yet been determined. As of the date of this Report, we have not entered into any discussions or negotiations regarding the manufacture or sale of these devices.


§

Disposable Tests for Doctor’s Office or Home Use: We intend to contract with a specialist company to adapt the NuQ® tests to the doctor’s office or home use system and to contract with a manufacturer for the production of these tests. The sale of these tests will initially be for professional use only (doctors) and will likely be released at a later time for non-professional home use. The approximate manufacturing costs or sales price per test have not yet been determined. As of the date of this Report, we have not entered into any discussions or negotiations with a specialist company or manufacturer. We do not yet have an estimated timeframe for the manufacture or sale of these tests.


If we do not have enough funds to fully implement our business plan, we will be forced to scale back our plan of operations and our business activities, increase our anticipated timeframes to complete each milestone or seek additional funding. In the event that additional financing is delayed, we will prioritize the maintenance of its research and development personnel and facilities, primarily in Belgium, and the maintenance of our patent rights. However the development of the current pipeline of intended products for the RUO market would be delayed, as would clinical validation studies and regulatory approval processes for the purpose of bringing products to the IVD market. In the event of an ongoing lack of financing, we may be obliged to discontinue operations.


Sales and Marketing Strategy


The Company has commenced background work to prepare for clinical validations and trialsfirst sales of our NuQ® products were for the approvals processRUO market, as the RUO market does not require government approval, as compared to the clinical IVD market. We have however decided to focus our efforts on launching our first products in the clinical market in the EU given our very encouraging results in Denmark, the much larger potential of the IVD market and our limited resources, which require us to focus our efforts. Pending completion of our review of the regulatory environment in the United States, including the effect of the Draft Guidance, we aim to enter the United States market by adopting a licensing model to a CLIA laboratory in the United States. Our RUO products are available for sale to researchers via our product website,http://www.nucleosomics.comand through a contracted distributor.



20



We intend to primarily sell our RUO products through distribution agreements in those markets and territories where we have no real prospect of obtaining traction alone or where the entry barriers are high. We plan to enter into tightly drawn distribution agreements outlining the territory and sectors to be covered. We will maintain control through strict oversight and by centralized production centers that will provide supplies to distributors. We estimate such distributors will take approximately 30-40% of the sales prices of any products sold through these channels. We have entered into three distribution agreements. The first wholesale order of these RUO products commenced in June 2014.


Our future products will require several dynamic and evolving sales models tailored to different worldwide markets, users and products. Pending completion of our review of the regulatory environment in the United States, including the effect of the Draft Guidance, we will combine a licensing and sales strategy focused on the IVD products through 2015. We intend to license NuQ® tests for LDT use in the United States and to progressively grow sales volumes after CE marking in Europe and North America.






FDA approval in the United States with sales to centralized laboratories and eventually reach the mass diagnostics testing market. The sales strategy will evolve as we continue to develop our intended products and seek entry into the IVD markets.


Government Regulations


The health care industry, and thus our business, is subject to extensive federal, state, local and foreign regulation. Some of the pertinent laws have not been definitively interpreted by the regulatory authorities or the courts, and their provisions are open to a variety of subjective interpretations. In addition, these laws and their interpretations are subject to change.


Both United States federal and state governmental agencies continue to subject the health care industry to intense regulatory scrutiny, including heightened civil and criminal enforcement efforts. As indicated by work plans and reports issued by these agencies, the federal government will continue to scrutinize, among other things, the marketing, labeling, promotion, manufacturing and export of diagnostic health care products. Our diagnostic products fall within the medical device category and are subject to FDA clearance or approval in the United States. The FDA has historically exercised enforcement discretion over tests developed by and used within single laboratories, known as LDTs. The CMS has regulated laboratories, including those that develop LDTs, under the Clinical Laboratory Improvement Amendments (42 U.S.C. 263a) since 1988. Reagents used for the production of LDTs (Analyte Specific Reagents) are subject to less overt FDA regulation and can be sold to clinical laboratories to perform high complexity testing provided such tests are developed are labeled in accordance with FDA requirements, including a statement that their analytical and performance characteristics have not been established. We believe that Analyte Specific Reagents that we have developed, including antibodies with specificity for histone modifications and histone variants, may be sold to clinical reference laboratories in the United States and do not currently require FDA approval or clearance. However, on October 3, 2014, the FDA issued draft guidance implementing a new framework for the regulation of LDTs, which could include pre-market review. As these regulations are not yet final, we cannot be sure that the FDA will not require that one or more of our reagents would require premarket approval. Further, we cannot guarantee that the FDA would consider licensing of our intellectual property as labeling, which would subject the Analyte Specific Reagents we supply to FDA regulation including, but not limited to, PMA.


The FDA has recently proposed a new regulatory oversight framework for LDTs which, if adopted as proposed, will continue the FDA’s current enforcement discretion for traditional LDTs that are:


·

designed, manufactured and used within a single laboratory;

·

manufactured and used by a health care facility laboratory (such as one located in a hospital or clinic) for a patient that is being diagnosed and/or treated at that same health care facility or within the facility’s healthcare system;

·

comprised only of components and instruments that are legally marketed for clinical use; and

·

interpreted by qualified laboratory professionals without the use of automated instrumentation or software for interpretation.


The proposals were subject to public comment until February 2, 2015. Changes in the FDA position could negatively affect our operations.


Please refer to the section above titled “Government Approval” for additional information regarding the draft guidance.


The federal government also has increased funding in recent years to fight health care fraud, and various agencies, such as the U.S.United States Department of Justice, the Office of Inspector General of the Department of Health and Human Services, or OIG, and state Medicaid fraud control units, are coordinating their enforcement efforts.



21



In Europe, medical devices are regulated by self-certification through the CE mark system. Under the system, developers and manufacturers must operate a Quality System and validate medical devices in a limited clinical trial to demonstrate the manufacturer has met analytical and clinical performance criteria. Volition is implementing an International Organization for Standardization standard - ISO 13485 - quality management system for the design and manufacture of medical devices. ISO 13485 addresses managerial awareness of regulatory requirements, control systems, inspection and traceability, device design, risk and performance criteria as well as verification for corrective and preventative measures for device failure. Medical device companies such as ours are subject to pre-market compliance assessments from Notified Bodies, a certification organization which the national authority (the competent authority) of a European member state designates to carry out one or more of the conformity assessment procedures. ISO 13485 certification establishes conformity to specific European Union directives related to medical devices and allows CE marking and sale of the device.


We mustwill also be required to comply with numerous other federal, state, and local laws relating to matters such matters as safe working conditions, environmental protection, industrial safety, and hazardous substance disposal.labor laws. We may incur significant costs to comply with such laws and regulations in the future, and lack of compliance could have material adverse effects on our operations.


We believe that we have structured our business operations to comply with applicable legal requirements. However, it is possible that governmental entities or other third parties could interpret these laws differently and assert otherwise.


Please refer to the section above titled “Government Approval” for additional information.


Competition


We face competitionbelieve that our main competitor in the cancerblood-based diagnostic market is Epigenomics AG. Epigenomics has European approval for its methylated DNA based PCR tests in colon cancer (Epi proColon®) and lung cancer (Epi proLung). In colon cancer, our main target market, we face potential competition from alternative procedures including flexible sigmoidoscopy, colonoscopy and virtual colonoscopy as well as traditional tests such as the guiac and immunochemical FIT Tests. Exact Sciences Corporation has recently received FDA approval and reimbursement approval for its stool-based DNA screening test. We anticipate facing competition primarily from large healthcare, pharmaceutical and diagnostic companies such Epigenomics AG and Exact Sciences Corporation, as well as others such as Abbott Laboratories Inc., Cepheid Inc., Philips, GE Healthcare, Siemens, Gen-Probe Incorporated, MDxHealth SA, EpiGenomics AG, Roche Diagnostics and Sequenom, Inc.


We believehope that our future products compete withwill have a competitive edge compared to those offered by our competitors primarily on the basis of their cost-effectiveness, ease ofthat our tests are being developed to be accurate, cost-effective and attractive from a government reimbursement perspective, easy to use, mass screening potential, non-invasiveness,non-invasive, technologically advanced, technology, compatibilitycompatible with ELISA systems, accuracybased on strong intellectual property and strong IP position.to be used for mass screenings.


Many of our anticipated competitors have substantially greater financial, technical, and other resources and larger, more established marketing, sales and distribution systems than we do.will have. Many of our competitors also offer broaderbroad product lines outside of the diagnostic testing market and many have greater brand recognition than we do.recognition. Moreover, our competitors may make rapid technological developments that may result in our intended technologies and products becoming obsolete before we are able to enter the market, recover the expenses incurred to develop them or before they generate significant revenue. Our success will depend, in part, on our ability to develop our intended products in a timely manner, keep our future products current with advancing technologies, achieve market acceptance of our future products, gain name recognition and a positive reputation in the healthcare industry, and establish successful marketing, sales and distribution efforts.




22



WHERE YOU CAN GET ADDITIONAL INFORMATION


We file annual, quarterly and current reports, proxy statements and other information with the SEC.  You may read and copy our reports or other filings made with the SEC at the SEC’s Public Reference Room, located at 100 F Street, N.E., Washington, DC 20549.  You can obtain information on the operations of the Public Reference Room by calling the SEC at 1-800-SEC-0330. You can also access these reports and other filings electronically on the SEC’s web site,www.sec.gov.







ITEM 1A. RISK FACTORS


We are a smaller reporting company as defined by Rule 12b-2 of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 and are not required to provide the information under this item.


ITEM 1B. UNRESOLVED STAFF COMMENTS


None.


ITEM 2. PROPERTIES


Our principal executive office is located at 150 Orchard1 Scotts Road, Orchard Plaza 08-02,#24-05 Shaw Centre, Singapore 238841.228208.  We currently rent this space for approximately $1,500 a month.  Currently, this space is sufficient to meet our needs, however, once we expand our business to a significant degree, we will have to find a larger space. We do not foresee any significant difficulties in obtaining any required additional space.   We do not currently own any real estate.


On February 29, 2012, Belgian Volition entered into a lease agreement for larger laboratory and office space at 20A Rue de Séminaire, 5000, Namur, Belgium for approximately $5,091 per month commencing April 1, 2012 for a leasing term of two years and eight months. Additionally, Belgian Volition shall pay $1,992 per month as a provision against expenses.   Commencing December 1, 2014 the lease was extended for an additional leasing term of two years at approximately $5,590 per month. Additionally, Belgian Volition shall pay $970 per month as a provision against expenses.


ITEM 3. LEGAL PROCEEDINGS


In the ordinary course of business, we may be subject to claims, counter claims, suits and other litigation of the type that generally arise from the conduct of our business. We knoware not aware of no material, existingany threatened or pending legal proceedings against our company, nor arelitigation that we involved as a plaintiff in any material proceeding or pending litigation. There are no proceedings in which our director, officer or any affiliates, or any registered or beneficial shareholder, is an adverse party or hasexpect will have a material interest adverse toeffect on our interest.business operations, financial condition or results of operations.


ITEM 4. [REMOVED AND RESERVED]MINE SAFETY DISCLOSURES


Not Applicable.






PART II


ITEM 5.

MARKET FOR THE COMPANY’S COMMON EQUITY, RELATED STOCKHOLDER MATTERS AND ISSUER PURCHASES OF EQUITY SECURITIES


Common Stock


Our common stock is currently quoted on the OTC Bulletin Board. Our common stock has beenwas quoted on the OTC Bulletin Board sincefrom April 12, 2007 under the symbol “SNDC.OB.”  Effective October 11, 2011 our symbol was changed to “VNRX.OB” to reflect the Company’s name change.  Because we arewere quoted on the OTC Bulletin Board, our securities may behave been less liquid, receivereceived less coverage by security analysts and news media, and generategenerated lower prices than might otherwise be obtained if they were listed on a national securities exchange. On February 6, 2015, we up-listed our common stock onto the NYSE MKT.



23


Fiscal Quarter

High

Low

First Fiscal Quarter (Sept. 1, 2010 – Nov. 30, 2010)

--

--

Second Fiscal Quarter (Dec. 1, 2010 – Feb. 28, 2011)

--

--

Third Fiscal Quarter (Mar. 1, 2011 – May 31, 2011)

--

--

Fourth Fiscal Quarter (June 1, 2011 – Aug. 31, 2011)

--

--

First Fiscal Quarter (Sept. 1, 2011 – Nov. 30, 2011)

3.00

1.50


The following table sets forth the high and low bid prices for our common stock per quarter as reported by the OTCBB for 2014 and 2013 based on our fiscal year end December 31. These prices represent quotations between dealers without adjustment for retail mark-up, markdown or commission and may not represent actual transactions.


 

 

First Quarter

(Jan. 1–Mar. 31)

 

 

Second Quarter

(Apr. 1–Jun. 30)

 

 

Third Quarter

(Jul. 1–Sept. 30)

 

 

Fourth Quarter

(Oct. 1–Dec. 31)

2013–High

 

2.90

 

 

 

3.00

 

 

 

2.22

 

 

2.79

2013–Low

 

1.31

 

 

 

2.00

 

 

 

0.25

 

 

1.25

2014–High

 

3.25

 

 

 

2.75

 

 

 

9.28

 

 

4.32

2014–Low

 

2.05

 

 

 

1.30

 

 

 

1.45

 

 

3.25


Record Holders


As at November 28, 2011,March 18, 2015, an aggregate of 8,120,65217,934,715 shares of our common stock were issued and outstanding and were owned by approximately 81223 holders of record, based on information provided by our transfer agent.


Recent Sales of Unregistered Securities


Other than1.

Quarterly Issuances


On or about October 3, 2014, 50,000 warrants were exercised for total proceeds of $123,500. As a result, an aggregate total of 50,000 shares of common stock were issued at a price of $2.47 per share to 1 U.S. Accredited Investor.


On or about October 9, 2014, the Company issued 91,757 shares of common stock to 7 non-U.S. investors and 10 U.S. Accredited Investors at a price of $2.50 per share, for an aggregate amount of $229,393.


On or about November 17, 2014, the Company issued 237,500 shares of common stock at a price of $3.00 per share for net cash proceeds of $654,464 was issued to 15 U.S Accredited Investors,.  $57,000 had been paid in fees to an agent and $1,036 was paid in escrow fees and charges


On or about November 21, 2014 the Company issued 3,115 shares of common stock at a price of $3.00 per share for cash proceeds of $9,345 to 6 U.S. Investors and 6 non-U.S. investors.


The shares issued to the U.S. Accredited Investors above were issued pursuant to Section 4(2) of the Securities Act of 1933, as previouslyamended, (“Securities Act”), and Rule 506 of Regulation D, as more specifically set forth below, on the basis that the securities were offered and sold in a non-public offering to an “accredited investor” as defined in Rule 501 of Regulation D. The shares issued to the non-U.S. Investors were issued pursuant to Rule 903 of Regulation S, as more specifically set forth below, on the basis that the investor was not a “U.S. person” as defined in Regulation S, was not acquiring the shares for the account or benefit of a U.S. person, and the sale of the shares was completed in an "offshore transaction”.


2.

Subsequent Issuances


On February 6, 2015 The Company issued 2,475,000 shares of common stock at a price of $3.75 to 3 U.S. Underwriters, for net cash proceeds of $8.5 million


On February 13, 2015, 343,383 shares of common stock were issued at a price of $3.75 per share to 3 U.S. Underwriters.  Net proceeds of $1.2 million were received.

On February 23, 2015, 25,000 warrants were exercised at a price of $2.20 per share, giving cash proceeds of $55,000.  As a result a total of 25,000 shares of common stock were issued to 1 U.S. Accredited Investor.


On March 6, 2015, 400,000 shares of common stock were issued at a price of $3.75 per share to 5 non-U.S. Investors, for net cash proceeds of $1.4 million.


The shares issued to the U.S. Accredited Investors above were issued pursuant to Section 4(2) of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, (“Securities Act”), and Rule 506 of Regulation D, as more specifically set forth below, on the basis that the securities were offered and sold in a non-public offering to an “accredited investor” as defined in Rule 501 of Regulation D.




Exemption From Registration. The shares of Common Stock referenced herein were issued in reliance upon one of the following exemptions:


(a)

The shares of Common Stock referenced herein were issued in reliance upon the exemption from securities registration afforded by the provisions of Section 4(2) of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, ("Securities Act"), based upon the following: (a) each of the persons to whom the shares of Common Stock were issued (each such person, an "Investor") confirmed to the Company that it or he is an "accredited investor," as defined in Rule 501 of Regulation D promulgated under the Securities Act and has such background, education and experience in financial and business matters as to be able to evaluate the merits and risks of an investment in the securities, (b) there was no public offering or general solicitation with respect to the offering of such shares, (c) each Investor was provided with certain disclosure materials and all other information requested with respect to the Company, (d) each Investor acknowledged that all securities being purchased were being purchased for investment intent and were "restricted securities" for purposes of the Securities Act, and agreed to transfer such securities only in a transaction registered under the Securities Act or exempt from registration under the Securities Act and (e) a legend has been, or will be, placed on the certificates representing each such security stating that it was restricted and could only be transferred if subsequently registered under the Securities Act or transferred in a transaction exempt from registration under the Securities Act.


(b)

The shares of common stock referenced herein were issued pursuant to and in accordance with Rule 506 of Regulation D and Section 4(2) of the Securities Act. We made this determination in part based on the representations of the Investor(s), which included, in pertinent part, that such Investor(s) was an “accredited investor” as defined in Rule 501(a) under the Securities Act, and upon such further representations from the Investor(s) that (a) the Investor is acquiring the securities for his, her or its own account for investment and not for the account of any other person and not with a view to or for distribution, assignment or resale in connection with any distribution within the meaning of the Securities Act, (b) the Investor agrees not to sell or otherwise transfer the purchased securities unless they are registered under the Securities Act and any applicable state securities laws, or an exemption or exemptions from such registration are available, (c) the Investor either alone or together with its representatives has knowledge and experience in financial and business matters such that he, she or it is capable of evaluating the merits and risks of an investment in us, and (d) the Investor has no need for the liquidity in its investment in us and could afford the complete loss of such investment.  Our determination is made based further upon our action of (a) making written disclosure to each Investor prior to the closing of sale that the securities have not been registered under the Securities Act and therefore cannot be resold unless they are registered or unless an exemption from registration is available, (b) making written descriptions of the securities being offered, the use of the proceeds from the offering and any material changes in the Company’s affairs that are not disclosed none.in the documents furnished, and (c) placement of a legend on the certificate that evidences the securities stating that the securities have not been registered under the Securities Act and setting forth the restrictions on transferability and sale of the securities, and upon such inaction of  the Company of any general solicitation or advertising for securities herein issued in reliance upon Rule 506 of Regulation D and Section 4(2) of the Securities Act.


(c)

The shares of Common Stock referenced herein were issued pursuant to and in accordance with Rule 903 of Regulation S of the Act. We completed the offering of the shares pursuant to Rule 903 of Regulation S of the Act on the basis that the sale of the shares was completed in an "offshore transaction", as defined in Rule 902(h) of Regulation S. We did not engage in any directed selling efforts, as defined in Regulation S, in the United States in connection with the sale of the shares. Each investor represented to us that the investor was not a "U.S. person", as defined in Regulation S, and was not acquiring the shares for the account or benefit of a U.S. person. The agreement executed between us and each investor included statements that the securities had not been registered pursuant to the Act and that the securities may not be offered or sold in the United States unless the securities are registered under the Act or pursuant to an exemption from the Act. Each investor agreed by execution of the agreement for the shares: (i) to resell the securities purchased only in accordance with the provisions of Regulation S, pursuant to registration under the Act or pursuant to an exemption from registration under the Act; (ii) that we are required to refuse to register any sale of the securities purchased unless the transfer is in accordance with the provisions of Regulation S, pursuant to registration under the Act or pursuant to an exemption from registration under the Act; and (iii) not to engage in hedging transactions with regards to the securities purchased unless in compliance with the Act. All certificates representing the shares were or upon issuance will be endorsed with a restrictive legend confirming that the securities had been issued pursuant to Regulation S of the Act and could not be resold without registration under the Act or an applicable exemption from the registration requirements of the Act.


Re-Purchase of Equity Securities


None.



25



Dividends


We have not paid any cash dividends on our common stockCommon Stock since inception and presently anticipate that all earnings, if any, will be retained for development of our business and that no dividends on our common stockCommon Stock will be declared in the foreseeable future.  Any future dividends will be subject to the discretion of our Board of Directors and will depend upon, among other things, future earnings, operating and financial conditions, capital requirements, general business conditions and other pertinent facts.  Therefore, there can be no assurance that any dividends on our common stockCommon Stock will be paid in the future.


Securities Authorized for Issuance Under Equity Compensation Plans

At the Annual General Meeting held on February 20, 2004, the shareholders approved a Stock Option Plan (the “Option Plan”) whereby a maximum of 5,000,000 common shares were authorized but unissued to be granted to directors, officers, consultants and non-employees who assisted in the development of the Company. The value of the stock options to be granted under the Option Plan will be determined using the Black-Scholes valuation model. No stock options have been granted under this Plan.  On October 6, 2011, the Company terminated the Option Plan.


On November 17, 2011, the Company adopted and approved the 2011 Equity Incentive Plan (the “Plan”), for the directors, officers, employees and key consultants of the Company.  Pursuant to the Plan, the Company is authorized to issue nine hundred thousand (900,000) restricted shares, $0.001 par value, of the Company’s Common Stock.  Options over 720,000 shares were granted on November 25, 2011. The options vest in equal six monthly installments over three years from the date of grant, and expire three years after the vesting dates. The exercise prices are $3 for options vesting in the first year, $4 for options vesting in the second year, and $5 for options vesting in the third year. Options over 30,000 shares were granted on September 01, 2012. The options vest in equal six monthly installments over three years from the date of grant, and expire three years after the vesting dates. The exercise prices are $4.31 for options vesting in the first year, $5.31 for options vesting in the second year, and $6.31 for options vesting in the third year. Options over 100,000 shares were granted on December 13, 2012. The options vested on the grant date and expire three years after the vesting date. The exercise price is $3.01 per share. Options over 37,000 shares were granted on March 20, 2013. The options vest in equal six monthly installments over three years from the date of grant, and expire three years after the vesting dates. The exercise prices are $2.35 for options vesting in the first year, $3.35 for options vesting in the second year, and $4.35 for options vesting in the third year.  Options over 16,300 shares were granted on September 2, 2013. The options vest in equal six monthly installments over three years from the date of grant, and expire three years after the vesting dates. The exercise prices are $2.35 for options vesting in the first year, $3.35 for options vesting in the second year, and $4.35 for options vesting in the third year.


During the year ended December 31, 2013, 30,000 options expired following termination of employment.


Options to purchase 25,000 shares were granted on May 16, 2014. These options vest in equal six monthly installments over three years from the date of grant, and expire three years after the vesting dates. The exercise prices are $3.00 for options vesting in the first year, $4.00 for options vesting in the second year, and $5.00 for options vesting in the third year.


On August 5, 2014, it was approved at the Company’s Annual General Meeting to increase the number of restricted shares that the Company is authorized to issue under the 2011 Equity Incentive Plan to 2,000,000.


On August 18, 2014, The Company granted options to purchase 670,000 shares. These options vest in two equal tranches, the first tranche vests on February 18, 2015.  The second tranche vests on February 18, 2016. All the options expire four years after their vesting dates. The exercise prices are $2.50 for options vesting in the first year and $3.00 for options vesting in the second year. On August 18, 2014, The Company granted options to purchase 60,000 shares. These options vest in equal six monthly installments over three years, starting six months after the date of grant, and expire three years after the vesting dates. The exercise prices are $3.00 for options vesting in the first year, $4.00 for options vesting in the second year, and $5.00 for options vesting in the third year.


During the year ended December 31, 2014, 60,000 options expired, following the cessation of a consultant’s contract.


ITEM 6. SELECTED FINANCIAL DATA


We are a smaller reporting company as defined by Rule 12b-2 of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 and are not required to provide the information under this item.






ITEM 7. MANAGEMENT'S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OR PLAN OF OPERATION


This Annual Report on Form 10-K contains forward-looking statements within the meaning of Section 27A of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the “Securities Act”) and Section 21E of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the “Exchange Act”).statements.  These forward-looking statements are not historical facts but rather are based on current expectations, estimates and projections.  We may use words such as “anticipate,” “expect,” “intend,” “plan,” “believe,” “foresee,” “estimate” and variations of these words and similar expressions to identify forward-looking statements.  These statements are not guarantees of future performance and are subject to certain risks, uncertainties and other factors, some of which are beyond our control, are difficult to predict and could cause actual results to differ materially from those expressed or forecasted.  You should read this report completely and with the understanding that actual future results may be materially different from what we expect.  The forward-looking statements included in this report are made as of the date of this report and should be evaluated with consideration of any changes occurring after the date of this Report.  We will not update forward-looking statements even though our situation may change in the future and we assume no obligation to update any forward-looking statements, whether as a result of new information, future events or otherwise.



LIQUIDITY AND CAPITAL RESOURCES26



Liquidity and Capital Resources


As at Augustof December 31, 2011,2014, the Company had cash of $139$2,138,964 and other current assets of $196,754.  The Company had current liabilities of $127,449.  The$2,713,077.  This represents a working capital deficit of $377,359. Current liabilities include an amount of $55,572 owed$1,577,640 in respect of a derivative liability. After excluding this liability there is an operating working capital surplus of $1,200,281.


On February 6, 2015, the Company received $8.5million net proceeds for 2,475,000 shares of common stock for an aggregate purchase price of $3.75 per share concurrent with an up-listing to general creditors are as follows: independent accountants – $3,900the NYSE MKT.  In addition, on February 13, 2015, 343,383 shares of common stock were issued at a price of $3.75 per share, with net proceeds of $1.2 million being received, and on March 6, 2015, 400,000 shares of common stock were issues at a price of $3.75 per share, with net proceeds of $1.4 million.


We intend to use our cash reserves to predominantly fund further research and development activities. We do not currently have any substantial source of revenues and expect to rely on additional future financing, through the sale of additional stock by way of private placement, but there is no assurance that we will be successful in raising further funds.


In the event that additional financing is delayed, the Company will prioritize the maintenance of its research and development personnel and facilities, primarily in Belgium, and the maintenance of its patent rights. However the completion of clinical validation studies and regulatory approval processes for preparationthe purpose of bringing products to the IVD market would be delayed. In the event of an ongoing lack of financing, we may be obliged to discontinue operations, which will adversely affect the value of our common stock.


Overview of Operations


Management has identified the specific processes and edgarizing financial statementsresources required to achieve the near and other reports, $49,672 owed to a former directormedium term objectives of the business plan, including personnel, facilities, equipment, research and testing materials including antibodies and clinical samples, and the protection of intellectual property. To date, operations have proceeded satisfactorily in relation to the business plan. However it is possible that some resources will not readily become available in a suitable form or on a timely basis or at an acceptable cost. It is also possible that the results of some processes may not be as expected and that modifications of procedures and materials may be required. Such events could result in delays to the achievement of the near and medium term objectives of the business plan, in particular the progression of clinical validation studies and regulatory approval processes for the purpose of bringing products to the IVD market. However, at this point, the most significant risk to the Company and $2,000is that it will not succeed in obtaining additional financing in the medium term.


Results of Operations


Year Ended December 31, 2014


The following table sets forth the Company’s results of operations for other payables.  The amount owed to related parties of $71,877 is non-interest bearing and has not fixed terms of repayment.  During the current year ended Auguston December 31, 2011,2014 and the Company has incurredcomparative period for the following expenses as compared to the prior year as of Augustended December 31, 2010:2013.



Expenditure

 

 

August 31,

2011

 

August 31,

2010

 

 

 

 

 

 

Accounting and audit

i

$

9,700

$

5,450

Bank charges

 

 

102

 

105

Edgar filings

ii

 

1,350

 

750

Filing fees

iii

 

1,243

 

-

Management fees

iv

 

-

 

2,400

Office

v

 

333

 

292

Rent

iv

 

-

 

1,200

Telephone

iv

 

-

 

600

Transfer agent's fees and interest

vi

 

295

 

150

          Total expenses

 

$

13,023

$

10,947

 

 

Year

 

Year

 

 

 

Percentage

 

 

Ended

 

Ended

 

Increase/

 

Increase/

 

 

December 31, 2014

 

December 31, 2013

 

Decrease

 

Decrease

 

 

($)

 

($)

 

($)

 

(%)

Revenues

 

14,785

 

-

 

14,785

 

-

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Operating Expenses

 

(5,952,200)

 

(4,575,912)

 

(1,376,288)

 

30%

Net Other (Expenses)/Income

 

(2,276,114)

 

865,623

 

(3,141,737)

 

-363%

Income Taxes

 

-

 

-

 

-

 

-

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Net Loss

 

(8,213,529)

 

(3,710,289)

 

(4,503,240)

 

121%

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Basic and Diluted Loss Per Common Share

 

(0.61)

 

(0.34)

 

(0.27)

 

79%

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Weighted Average Basic and Diluted Common Shares Outstanding

 

13,435,253

 

10,832,369

 

2,602,884

 

24%


i.

Analysis of accounting and audit for the two years:


 

August 31,2011

 

August 31,2010

 


Filing Date

Internal

Accountant


Auditors


Total

Internal

Accountant


Auditors


Total

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

10-K Aug 31

$  1,750

$  2,750

$  4,500

$    -

$    -

$   - (*)

10-Q Nov 30

1,000

600

1,600

1,250

500

1,750

10-Q Feb 28

1,000

800

1,800

1,250

600

1,850

10-Q May 31

1,000

800

1,800

1,250

600

1,850

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

$  4,750

$  4,950

$  9,700

$  3,750

$  1,700

$  5,450


(*)   At the end of the previous fiscal year the Company changed its accounting practice from accruing accounting and audit expense in the current period under examination to recognizing the expense only when paid.


ii.

The increase in edgarizing charges between 2010 and 2011 was twofold: first, the charges relating to August 31, 2010 were not accrued as in prior years but accounted for when paid and, second, an increase of $50 a month for three quarters.  


iii.

During the current year the Company paid its franchise taxes to the State of Delaware in the amount of $234 and paid an initial set up cost of $1,000 for preparation of the XBRL filings.   


iv.

The Company changed its practice for the fiscal year ended August 31, 2011 of accruing management fees, rent and telephone as an expense and crediting Capital in Excess of Par Value.


v.

Office expense during the current year and similar in the prior year mainly relates to courier charges.


vi.

General increase incurred in the invoices from Holladay Stock Transfer during 2011.




27



Revenues


The Company estimateshad revenues of $14,785 from operations in the following expenses will be required duringyear ended December 31, 2014, compared to no revenues in the next twelve months to meet its obligations:





Expenditures

 

 

Requirements

For

Twelve Months

 


Current

Accounts

Payable

 

Required

Funds for

Twelve

Months

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Accounting and audit

1

$

11,200

$

3,900

$

15,100

Bank charges

 

 

100

 

-

 

100

Edgar filing fees and XBRL

2

 

5,480

 

-

 

5,480

Filing fees and franchise taxes

3

 

250

 

-

 

250

Miscellaneous

4

 

-

 

2,000

 

2,000

Office

5

 

1,000

 

-

 

1,000

Payment to former director

6

 

-

 

49,672

 

49,672

Transfer agent's fees

7

 

1,500

 

-

 

1,500

       Estimated expenses

 

$

19,530

$

55,572

$

75,102


No recognition has been given to management fees, rent or telephone since, atcomparative period for the present time, these expensesyear ended December 31, 2013. The Company’s operations are not cash oriented.still predominantly in the development stage.


1.

Accounting and auditing expense has been projected as follows:


Filings

 

Accountant

 

Auditors

 

Total

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Form 10K – Aug 31, 2011

$

1,750

$

3,300

$

5,050

Form 10Q – Nov. 30, 2011

 

1,250

 

800

 

2,050

Form 10Q - Feb 28, 2012

 

1,250

 

800

 

2,050

Form 10Q – May 31, 2012

 

1,250

 

800

 

2,050

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

$

5,500

$

5,700

$

11,200


Operating Expenses


2.    

ItFor the year ended December 31, 2014, the Company’s operating expenses increased by $1,376,288, or 30%. Operating expenses are comprised of salaries and office administrative fees, research and development expenses, professional fees, and other general and administrative expenses.  Salaries and office administrative fees showed an increase of $408,991 over 2013 expenses.  This is estimatedmainly explained by an increase in share option amortization expense of $248,211, following additional share options being granted in August 2014.  Other expense areas to increase included the cost of filing$42,055 for warrants issued to consultants and Chief Financial Officer fees of$77,659.  Research and development expenses increased by $1,540,258, due to an increase of $366,650 spent on a new Danish Study in 2014, an increase of $191,701 in share option expense and an increase of $172,915 in net payroll costs, the Form 10-Q-Klatter was mainly due to an increase in headcount.  There was also an increase in patent costs of $229,782 year on year.  Samples, antibody purchases and 10-Qs via Edgar with XBRL attachments with be approximately $1,370 per quarter.  associated costs also increased by $172,630. Professional fees decreased by $88,006.  This is explained in part by the fact that P.R. fees were reduced by $250,833 in 2014, offset by an increase in share options expense, legal and investor relations fees.  General and administrative expenses decreased by $134,955 year on year.  This is mainly related to a decrease in fundraising services costs in the Income Statement in 2014.


3.     

FilingIn comparison, for the year ended December 31, 2013, the Company’s operating expenses increased by $437,894, or 11% from 2012. Operating expenses are comprised of salaries and office administrative fees, research and development expenses, impairment of patents, professional fees, and other general and administrative expenses.  Salaries and office administrative fees were materially unchanged. Research and development expenses decreased by $269,377, due principally to a reduction of $383,291 in share option expense offset by an increase of $120,828 in net payroll costs, the latter primarily reflecting an increase in headcount. Impairment of patents was $350,000 (2012 $Nil) due to discovery of an earlier filed patent similar to one licensed by the Company. Professional fees increased by $371,256 due to additional fees for public relations and investor relations services to raise the Annual Report withprofile of the State of Delaware.   company. General and administrative expenses decreased by $14,031 due to a reduction in fundraising services expense.


4.

A loan for an unrelated company which has no specific terms of repayment nor bears any interest thereon.Net Other Expenses/Income


5.   

RelatesFor the year ended December 31, 2014, the Company recorded net other expenses of $2,276,114, representing other income of $143,987, relating to photocopying, faxinggrant funds received from public bodies in respect of approved expenditures, where there is no obligation to repay, offset against a loss of $2,420,101, relating to the valuation of a derivative liability, resulting from the issuance of 1,500,000 warrants attached to the issuance of 1,500,000 shares, together with 30,975 warrants issued to agents on February 26, 2014.  On October 31, 2014, 1,121,225 of the aforementioned warrants had their terms changed and courier charges expectedceased to be incurred in the forth coming year.a derivative liability.


6.

In 2008, Del Thachuk resigned as a director and officer andFor the amount owed to him was re-allocated to Accounts Payable from Due to Director.   The amount is on a demand basis and bears no interest.year ended December 31, 2013, the Company recorded other income of $865,623, representing grant funds received.


7.   Net Loss

Estimate

For the year ended December 31, 2014, our net loss was $8,213,529, an increase of $4,503,240 or 121% over the comparative period for the year ended December 31, 2013. The change is a result of the fees to Holladay Stock Transfer for work to be performed by them in the future.  

The Company will have to raise funds to settle the balance of the outstanding liabilities if it wishes to continue to operate in the future.


The Company does not expect any significant changes in the number of employees.described above.


Going Concern


We have not attained profitable operations and are dependent upon obtaining financing to pursue any extensive acquisitions and activities.  For these reasons, our auditors stated in their report on our audited financial statements that they have substantial doubt that we will be able to continue as a going concern without further financing.


Off-Balance Sheet Arrangements


We have no significant off-balance sheet arrangements that have or are reasonably likely to have a current or future effect on our financial condition, changes in financial condition, revenues or expenses, results of operations, liquidity, capital expenditures or capital resources that are material to stockholders.





28



Future Financings


We will continue to rely on equity sales of our common shares in order to continue to fund our business operations.  Issuances of additional shares will result in dilution to existing stockholders. There is no assurance that we will achieve any additional sales of the equity securities or arrange for debt or other financing to fund planned acquisitionsour operations and explorationother activities.


Critical Accounting Policies


Our financial statements and accompanying notes have been prepared in accordance with United States generally accepted accounting principles applied on a consistent basis.  The preparation of financial statements in conformity with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities, the disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting periods.


We regularly evaluate the accounting policies and estimates that we use to prepare our financial statements.  A complete summary of these policies is included in the notes to our financial statements.  In general, management's estimates are based on historical experience, on information from third party professionals, and on various other assumptions that are believed to be reasonable under the facts and circumstances.  Actual results could differ from those estimates made by management.


Recently Issued Accounting Pronouncements


In March 2010, the FASB (Financial Accounting Standards Board) issued Accounting Standards Update 2010-11 (ASU 2010-11), “Derivatives and Hedging (Topic 815): Scope Exception Related to Embedded Credit Derivatives.” The amendments in this Update are effective for each reporting entity at the beginning of its first fiscal quarter beginning after June 15, 2010. Early adoption is permitted at the beginning of each entity’s first fiscal quarter beginning after issuance of this Update. The Company does not expect the provisions of ASU 2010-11 to have a material effect on the financial position, results of operations or cash flows of the Company.


In February 2010, the FASB Accounting Standards Update 2010-10 (ASU 2010-10), “Consolidation (Topic 810): Amendments for Certain Investment Funds.”  The amendments in this Update are effective as of the beginning of a reporting entity’s first annual period that begins after November 15, 2009 and for interim periods within that first reporting period. Early application is not permitted.  The adoption of this standard did not have a material effect on the Company’s consolidated financial statements.  


In February 2010, the FASB issued ASU No. 2010-09 “Subsequent Events (ASC Topic 855) “Amendments to Certain Recognition and Disclosure Requirements” (“ASU No. 2010-09”). ASU No. 2010-09 requires an entity that is an SEC filer to evaluate subsequent events through the date that the financial statements are issued and removes the requirement for an SEC filer to disclose a date, in both issued and revised financial statements, through which the filer had evaluated subsequent events. The adoption of this standard did not have a material effect on the Company’s consolidated financial statements.  


The Company has implemented all new accounting pronouncements that are in effect. These pronouncements did not have any material impact on the financial statements unless otherwise disclosed, and the Company does not believe that there are any other new accounting pronouncements that have been issued that might have a material impact on its financial position or results of operations.


Contractual Obligations


We are a smaller reporting company as defined by Rule 12b-2 of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 and are not required to provide the information under this item.


Recently Issued Accounting Pronouncements


The Company has implemented all new accounting pronouncements that are in effect. The Company does not believe that there are any other new accounting pronouncements that have been issued that might have a material impact on its financial position or results of operations.


The Company has limited operations and is considered to be in the development stage. In the quarterly period ended September 30, 2014, the Company elected to early adopt Accounting Standards Update No. 2014-10, Development Stage Entities (Topic 915): Elimination of Certain Financial Reporting Requirements. The adoption of this ASU allows the Company to remove the inception to date information and all references to the development stage.


ITEM 7A. QUANTITATIVE AND QUALITATIVE DISCLOSURES ABOUT MARKET RISK


We are a smaller reporting company as defined by Rule 12b-2 of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 and are not required to provide the information under this item.



29








ITEM 8. FINANCIAL STATEMENTS AND SUPPLEMENTARY DATA






VOLITIONRX LIMITED

(Formerly Standard Capital Corporation)

(A Pre-Exploration Stage Company as of August 31, 2011)


Consolidated Financial Statements


For the PeriodsYears Ended AugustDecember 31, 20112014 and 20102013






Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm

F-2

Consolidated Balance Sheets

F-3

Consolidated Statements of Operations

F-4

Consolidated Statements of Stockholders’ Deficiency

F-5

Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows

F-6

Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements

F-7


Index

Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm

F-1

Consolidated Balance Sheets

F-2

Consolidated Statement of Operations

F-3

Consolidated Statement of Cash Flows

F-4

Consolidated Statement of Stockholders’ Equity

F-5

 Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements

F-6






30



REPORT OF INDEPENDENT REGISTERED PUBLIC ACCOUNTING FIRM


To the Board of Directors and

Stockholders of Standard Capital Corporation

(A Pre-exploration Stage Company)VolitionRx LTD


We have audited the accompanying consolidated balance sheets of Standard Capital Corporation (a Pre-exploration StageVolitionRx LTD (the Company) (the “Company”) as of AugustDecember 31, 20112014 and 2010,2013 and the related consolidated statements of operations, changes in stockholder’s deficiency,stockholders’ equity and cash flows for eachthe years then ended. These financial statements are the responsibility of the years in the two—year period ended August 31, 2011, and for the period September 24, 1998 (date of inception) to August 31, 2011. The Company’s management is responsible for these financial statements.management. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on these financial statements based on our audits.


We conducted our audits in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States). Those standards require that we plan and perform the auditaudits to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the consolidated financial statements are free of material misstatement. The companyCompany is not required to have, nor were we engaged to perform, an audit of its internal control over financial reporting. Our auditaudits included consideration of internal control over financial reporting as a basis for designing audit procedures that are appropriate in the circumstances, but not for the purpose of expressing an opinion on the effectiveness of the company’sCompany’s internal control over financial reporting. Accordingly, we express no such opinion. An audit also includes examining, on a test basis, evidence supporting the amounts and disclosures in the financial statements, assessing the accounting principles used and significant estimates made by management, as well as evaluating the overall financial statement presentation. We believe that our audits provide a reasonable basis for our opinion.


In our opinion the financial statements referred to above present fairly, in all material respects, the financial position of Standard Capital Corporation (a Pre-exploration Stage Company)VolitionRx LTD as of AugustDecember 31, 20112014 and 2010,2013, and the results of itstheir operations and its cash flows for each of the years in the two-year periodthen ended August 31, 2011, and for the period September 24, 1998 (date of inception) to August 31, 2011, in conformity with accounting principlesU.S. generally accepted in the United States of America.accounting principles.


The accompanying financial statements have been prepared assuming that the Company will continue as a going concern. TheAs discussed in Note 2 to the consolidated financial statements, the Company will need additional working capital to service its debthad accumulated losses of $19,509,451 and for its planned activity,negative cash flows from operations as of December 31, 2014, which raises substantial doubt about its ability to continue as a going concern. Management’s plans in regard toconcerning these matters are also described in the notes to the financial statements. TheseNote 2. The financial statements do not include any adjustments that might result from the outcome of this uncertainty.



/s//s/ MadsenSadler, Gibb & Associates, CPA’s, Inc.LLC


Murray, UtahSalt Lake City, UT

November 10, 2011


March 18, 2015







F-1



VOLITIONRX LIMITED

(Formerly Standard Capital Corporation)

(A Pre-Exploration Stage Company as of August 31, 2011)

Consolidated Balance Sheets

(Expressed in US dollars)


BALANCE SHEETS


 

 

August 31,

2011

 

August 31,

2010

 

 

 

 

 

ASSETS

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

CURRENT ASSETS

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

    Cash

$

139

$

485

 

 

 

 

 

       Total Current Assets

$

139

$

485

 

 

 

 

 

LIABILITIES AND STOCKHOLDERS’ DEFICIENCY

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

CURRENT LIABILITIES

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

    Accounts payable

$

55,572

$

97,723

    Advances from related parties

 

71,877

 

17,049

 

 

127,449

 

114,772

STOCKHOLDERS’ DEFICIENCY

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

    Common Stock

 

 

 

 

         200,000,000 shares authorized, at $0.001 par value

         2,285,000 shares issued and outstanding

 

2,285

 

2,285

 

 

 

 

 

    Capital in excess of par value

 

100,665

 

100,665

 

 

 

 

 

    Deficit accumulated during the pre-exploration stage

 

(230,260)

 

(217,237)

 

 

 

 

 

                Total Stockholders’ Deficiency

 

(127,310)

 

(114,287)

 

 

 

 

 

            

$

139

$

485

 

 

 

 

 

 

December 31, 2014

$

 

 December 31, 2013

 $

 

 

 

 

ASSETS

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Cash

2,138,964

 

888,704

Prepaid expenses

144,095

 

82,135

Other current assets

52,659

 

34,612

 

 

 

 

Total Current Assets

2,335,718

 

1,005,451

 

 

 

 

Property and equipment, net

288,585

 

63,265

Intangible assets, net

808,726

 

1,002,043

 

 

 

 

Total Assets

3,433,029

 

2,070,759

 

 

 

 

LIABILITIES

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Accounts payable and accrued liabilities

797,909

 

518,086

Management and directors’ fees payable

146,016

 

222,294

Derivative Liability

1,577,640

 

-

Deferred grant income

191,512

 

216,894

 

 

 

 

Total Current Liabilities

2,713,077

 

957,274

 

 

 

 

Grant repayable

351,773

 

432,811

 

 

 

 

Total Liabilities

3,064,850

 

1,390,085

 

 

 

 

STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY

 

 

 



Preferred Stock

Authorized: 1,000,000 shares, at $0.001 par value

Issued and outstanding: Nil shares and Nil respectively

-

 

-

Common Stock

 

 

 

Authorized: 100,000,000 shares, at $0.001 par value

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Issued and outstanding: 14,691,332 shares and 11,679,757 respectively

14,691

 

11,680

Additional paid-in capital

19,966,771

 

12,024,711

Accumulated other comprehensive loss

(103,832)

 

(59,795)

 Accumulated Deficit

(19,509,451)

 

(11,295,922)

 

 

 

 

Total Stockholders’ Equity

368,179

 

680,674

 

 

 

 

Total Liabilities and Stockholders’ Equity

3,433,029

 

2,070,759




(The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements



statements)





F-2



VOLITIONRX LIMITED

(Formerly Standard Capital Corporation)

(A Pre-Exploration Stage Company as of August 31, 2011)

Consolidated Statements of Operations and Comprehensive Loss

(Expressed in US dollars)


STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS


 

 


Aug 31,

2011

 


Aug 31,

2010

 


Sept 24, 1998 (Date of Inception)

to Aug 31, 2011

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

REVENUES

$

-

$

-

$

-

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

EXPENSES

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Impairment of mineral claims acquisition costs

Exploration

 

-

 

-

 

5,000

 

 

-

 

-

 

12,617

General and administrative

 

13,023

 

10,947

 

212,643

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

NET LOSS

$

(13,023)

$

(10,947)

$

(230,260)

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

NET LOSS PER COMMON SHARE

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

     Basic and diluted

$

(0.01)

$

(0.01)

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

WEIGHTED AVERAGE OUTSTANDING SHARES

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

     Basic and diluted

 

2,285,000

 

2,285,000

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

For the year ended December 31, 2014

$

 

For the year ended December 31, 2013

$

 

 

 

 

Revenue

14,785

 

-

 

 

 

 

Expenses

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

General and administrative

299,051

 

434,006

Professional fees

 533,716

 

 621,722

Salaries and office administrative fees

 1,075,410

 

 666,419

Research and development

 4,044,023

 

 2,503,765

Impairment of patents

 -

 

 350,000

 

 

 

 

Total Operating Expenses

 5,952,200

 

 4,575,912

 

 

 

 

Net Operating Loss

(5,937,415)

 

(4,575,912)


Other Income/(Expenses)

 

 

 

Grants received

143,987

 

865,623

Loss on derivative liabilities

(2,420,101)

 

-

Net Other Income/ (Expenses)

(2,276,114)

 

865,623

Provision for Income Taxes

-

 

-

Net Loss

(8,213,529)

 

(3,710,289)

 

 

 

 

Other Comprehensive Loss

-

 

-

Foreign currency translation adjustments

(44,037)

 

(25,519)

Total Other Comprehensive Loss

(44,037)

 

(25,519)

 

 

 

 

Net Comprehensive Loss

(8,257,566)

 

(3,735,808)

 

 

 

 

Net Loss per Share–Basic and Diluted

 (0.61)

 

 (0.34)

 

 

 

 

Weighted Average Shares Outstanding–Basic and Diluted

 13,435,253

 

 10,832,369




The (The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.



statements)





F-3



VOLITIONRX LIMITED

(Formerly Standard Capital Corporation)

(A Pre-Exploration Stage Company as of August 31, 2011)

Consolidated Statements of Stockholders’ Deficiency

(Expressed in US dollars)


STATEMENTS OF STOCKHOLDERS’ DEFICIENCY


 


Common

Shares

 


Stock

Amount

 

Capital in

Excess of

Par Value

 


Accumulated

Deficit

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Balance September 24, 1998 (date of  inception)

-

$

-

$

-

$

-

Issuance of common shares for cash at

    $0.001 – January 11, 1999


1,000,000

 


1,000

 


-

 


-

Issuance of common shares for cash at

    $0.001 – February 19, 1999


100,000

 


100

 


-

 


-

Issuance of common shares for cash at

    $0.01 – February 15, 1999


195,000

 


195

 


1,755

 


-

Capital contributions – noncash expenses

-

 

-

 

4,200

 

 

Net operating loss for the period from

    September 24, 1998 to August 31, 1999


-

 


-

 


-

 


(12,976)

Capital contributions – noncash expenses

-

 

-

 

4,200

 

-

Net operating loss for the year ended August 31, 2000

-

 

-

 

-

 

(12,392)

Capital contributions – noncash expenses

-

 

-

 

4,200

 

-

Net operating loss for the year ended August 31, 2001

-

 

-

 

-

 

(13,015)

Capital contributions – noncash expenses

-

 

-

 

4,200

 

-

Net operating loss for the year ended August 31, 2002

-

 

-

 

-

 

(13,502)

Capital contributions – noncash expenses

-

 

-

 

4,200

 

-

Net operating loss for the year ended August 31, 2003

-

 

-

 

-

 

(16,219)

Capital contributions – noncash expenses

-

 

-

 

4,200

 

-

Net operating loss for the year ended August 31, 2004

-

 

-

 

-

 

(24,180)

Capital contributions – noncash expenses

-

 

-

 

4,200

 

-

Net operating loss for the year ended August 31, 2005

-

 

-

 

-

 

(13,105)

Issuance of common shares for cash at

    $0.05 – September 30, 2005


990,000

 


990

 


48,510

 


-

Capital contributions – noncash expenses

-

 

-

 

4,200

 

-

Net operating loss for the year ended August 31, 2006

-

 

-

 

-

 

(36,987)

Capital contributions – noncash expenses

-

 

-

 

4,200

 

-

Net operating loss for the year ended August 31, 2007

-

 

-

 

-

 

(26,295)

Capital contributions – noncash expenses

-

 

-

 

4,200

 

-

Net operating loss for the year ended August 31, 2008

-

 

-

 

-

 

(21,803)

Capital contributions – noncash expenses

-

 

-

 

4,200

 

-

Net operating loss for the year ended August 31, 2009

-

 

-

 

-

 

(15,816)

Capital contributions – noncash expenses

-

 

-

 

4,200

 

-

Net operating loss for the year ended August 31, 2010

-

 

-

 

-

 

(10,947)

Net operating loss for the year ended August 31, 2011

-

 

-

 

-

 

(13,023)

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Balance, August 31, 2011

2,285,000

$

2,285

$

100,665

$

 (230,260)




The accompanying notes are an integral part of these financial statements.








VOLITIONRX LIMITED

(Formerly Standard Capital Corporation)

(A Pre-Exploration Stage Company as of August 31, 2011)

Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows

(Expressed in US dollars)


STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS


 

 


Aug. 31,

2011

 


Aug. 31,

2010

 


Sept 24, 1998 (Date of Inception)

to Aug. 31, 2011

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

CASH FLOWS FROM

     OPERATING ACTIVITIES:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Net loss

$

(13,023)

$

(10,947)

$

(230,260)

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Adjustments to reconcile net loss to net cash (Used) operating activities:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

      Impairment loss on mineral claim

 

-

 

-

 

5,000

      Capital contribution – noncash

expenses

 


-

 


4,200

 


50,400

      Change in accounts payable

 

(42,151)

 

2,097

 

55,572

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Net Change in Cash from Operations

 

(55,174)

 

(4,650)

 

(119,288)

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

CASH FLOWS FROM INVESTING

     ACTIVITIES

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Acquisition of mineral claim

 

-

 

-

 

(5,000)

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

CASH FLOWS FROM

     FINANCING ACTIVITIES:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Advances from related parties

 

54,828

 

1,694

 

71,877

Proceeds from issuance of

            common stock

 


-

 


-

 


52,550

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Net Cash Provided by Financing Activities

 


54,828

 


1,694

 


124,427

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

     Net (Decrease) Increase in Cash

 

(346)

 

(2,956)

 

139

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

     Cash at Beginning of Period

 

485

 

3,441

 

-

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

     CASH AT END OF PERIOD

$

139

$

485

$

139

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

SUPPLEMENTAL DISCLOSURE OF NONCASH FINANCING ACTIVITIES

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Capital contributions – noncash expenses

$

-

$

4,200

$

50,400

 

For the year ended December 31, 2014

 

For the year ended December 31, 2013

 

$

 

$

Operating Activities

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Net loss

(8,213,529)

 

(3,710,289)

 

 

 

 

Adjustments to reconcile net loss to net cash used in operating activities:

 

 

 

Depreciation and amortization

142,131

 

146,396

Impairment of intangible asset

-

 

350,000

Stock based compensation

767,483

 

282,012

Common stock and warrants issued for services

708,182

 

472,425

Amortization of stock issued in advance of services

-

 

250,833

Non-operating income–grants received

(143,987)

 

(865,623)

Loss on derivative re-measurement

1,424,554

 

-

Derivative expense

995,547

 

-

 

 

 

 

Changes in operating assets and liabilities:

 

 

 

Prepaid expenses

(78,335)

 

(50,621)

Other current assets

(24,731)

 

5,964

Accounts payable and accrued liabilities

281,860

 

34,697

Net Cash Used In Operating Activities

(4,140,825)

 

(3,084,206)

 

 

 

 

Investing Activities

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Purchases of property and equipment

(302,989)

 

(714)

Net Cash Used in Investing Activities

(302,989)

 

(714)

 

 

 

 

Financing Activities

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Net proceeds from issuance of common shares

5,626,945

 

2,828,250

Grants received

143,987

 

819,575

Grants repaid

(33,166)

 

-

Repayment of notes payable

-

 

(54,396)

Net Cash Provided By Financing Activities

5,737,766

 

3,593,429

 

 

 

 

Effect of foreign exchange on cash

(43,692)

 

3,774

 

 

 

 

Increase in Cash

1,250,260

 

512,283

 

 

 

 

Cash–Beginning of Period

888,704

 

376,421

 

 

 

 

Cash–End of Period

2,138,964

 

888,704

Supplemental Disclosures of Cash Flow Information

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Interest paid

10,541

 

-

Income tax paid

-

 

-

Non Cash Financing Activities:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Change in Derivative Liability after settlement of warrants

3,924,967

 

-

Common stock issued for debt

-

 

-




(The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.statements)





F-4



VOLITIONRX LIMITED

(Formerly Standard Capital Corporation)

(A Pre-Exploration Stage Company asConsolidated Statement of AugustStockholders’ Equity

For the Year Ended December 31, 2011)

Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements2014 and 2013

(Expressed in US dollars)


 

Common Stock

Additional Paid-in Capital $

Other Comprehensive Loss $

Deficit Accumulated During the Development Stage $

Total $

 

Shares

Amount ($)

Balance, December 31, 2012

10,191,562

10,192

8,443,512

(34,276)

(7,585,633)

833,795

Common stock issued for cash

1,432,712

1,433

2,826,817

-

-

2,828,250

Common stock issued for debt

40,483

40

84,967

-

-

85,007

Common stock issued for services

15,000

15

30,735

-

-

30,750

Employee stock options granted for services

-

-

282,012

-

-

282,012

Warrants granted for services

-

-

356,668

-

-

356,668

Other comprehensive loss

-

-

-

(25,519)

-

(25,519)

Net loss for the year

-

-

-

-

(3,710,289)

(3,710,289)

Balance, December 31, 2013

11,679,757

11,680

12,024,711

(59,795)

(11,295,922)

680,674

Common stock issued for cash

2,834,916

2,835

3,257,497

-

-

3,260,332

Common stock issued for debt

77,481

77

167,477

-

-

167,554

Direct offering costs

-

-

(457,472)

-

-

(457,472)

Employee stock options granted for services

-

-

767,483

-

-

767,483

Common stock issued under deferred contingency rights

99,178

99

(99)

-

-

-

Warrants formerly derivative liability

-

-

3,924,967

-

-

3,924,967

Warrants granted for services

-

-

282,207

-

-

282,207

Other comprehensive loss

-

-

-

(44,037)

-

(44,037)

Net loss for the year

-

-

-

-

(8,213,529)

(8,213,529)

Balance, December 31, 2014

14,691,332

14,691

19,966,771

(103,832)

(19,509,451)

368,179

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS


1. (The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements)

ORGANIZATION

F-5



VOLITIONRX LIMITED


Notes to Financials for Year Ended December 31, 2014


Note 1–Nature of Operations


The Company was incorporated under the laws of the State of Delaware on September 24, 19981998. On September 22, 2011, the Company filed a Certificate for Renewal and Revival of Charter with Secretary of State of Delaware. Pursuant to Section 312(1) of the authorizedDelaware General Corporation Law, the Company was revived under the new name of “VolitionRX Limited”. The name change to VolitionRX Limited was approved by FINRA on October 7, 2011 and became effective on October 11, 2011.


On October 6, 2011, the Company entered into a share exchange agreement with Singapore Volition Pte Ltd., a Singapore corporation, and the shareholders of Singapore Volition, which was incorporated on August 5, 2010. Pursuant to the terms of the share exchange agreement, the former shareholders of Singapore Volition Pte Ltd. held 85% of the issued and outstanding common stockshares of 25,000,000the Company. The issuance was deemed to be a reverse acquisition for accounting purposes. Singapore Volition Pte Ltd., the acquired entity, is regarded as the predecessor entity as of October 6, 2011. The number of shares at $0.001 par value.outstanding and per share amounts has been restated to recognize the recapitalization. All comparative financial data in these financial statements is that of Singapore Volition Pte Ltd.


The shareholders, atCompany’s principal business objective through its subsidiariesis to develop and bring to market diagnostic tests for cancer and other conditions.The tests are based on the Annual General Meeting heldscience of Nucleosomics, which is the practice of identifying and measuring nucleosomes in the bloodstream or other bodily fluid – an indication that disease is present.  The Company has one wholly-owned subsidiary, Singapore Volition Pte Ltd., which it acquired through a share exchange entered into on February 20, 2004, approved an amendmentOctober 6, 2011. Singapore Volition Pte Ltd. has two wholly owned subsidiaries, Belgian Volition SA, which it acquired as of September 22, 2010, and Hypergenomics Pte Ltd., which it formed as of March 7, 2011. Following the acquisition of Singapore Volition Pte Ltd. the Company’s fiscal year end was changed from August 31 to December 31. The financial statements are prepared on a consolidated basis.


Note 2-Going Concern


The Company's financial statements are prepared using generally accepted accounting principles in the CertificateUnited States of Incorporation wherebyAmerica applicable to a going concern which contemplates the authorized share capitalrealization of assets and liquidation of liabilities in the normal course of business. The Company has incurred losses since inception of $19,509,451, has negative cash flows from operations, and currently has very limited revenues, which creates substantial doubt about its ability to continue as a going concern.


The future of the Company wouldas an operating business will depend on its ability to obtain sufficient capital contributions and/or financing as may be increased from 25,000,000 common shares with a par valuerequired to sustain its operations. Management's plan to address this need includes, (a) continued exercise of $0.001 per sharetight cost controls to 200,000,000 common shares with a par value of $0.001 per share.conserve cash, (b) receiving additional grant funds, and (c) obtaining additional financing through debt or equity financing.


The Company was organized for the purposeability of acquiring and developing mineral properties.  At the report date the Company has no mineral claim since it allowedto continue as a going concern is dependent upon its ability to successfully accomplish the Standard claim to lapseplans described in February 2008the preceding paragraph and haseventually secure other sources of financing and attain profitable operations. The accompanying financial statements do not identified another claim to replace it.  Nevertheless,include any adjustments that might be necessary if the Company continuesis unable to continue as a going concern. If the Company is unable to obtain adequate capital, it could be in the pre-exploration stage dueforced to its intent to acquire another mineral claim in the immediate future.  cease operations.


2.

SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIESNote 3-Summary of Significant Accounting Policies


Basis of Presentation


The financial statements of the Company have been prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States and are expressed in U.S. dollars. The Company’s fiscal year end is December 31.



F-6



Note 3-Summary of Significant Accounting MethodsPolicies (Continued)


Use of Estimates


The preparation of financial statements in conformity with US generally accepted accounting principles requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting period. The Company also regularly evaluates estimates and assumptions related to deferred income tax asset valuation allowances. The Company bases its estimates and assumptions on current facts, historical experience and various other factors that it believes to be reasonable under the circumstances, the results of which form the basis for making judgments about the carrying values of assets and liabilities and the accrual of costs and expenses that are not readily apparent from other sources. The actual results experienced by the Company may differ materially and adversely from the Company’s estimates. To the extent there are material differences between the estimates and the actual results, future results of operations will be affected.


Principles of Consolidation


The accompanying consolidated financial statements for the year ended December 31, 2014 include the accounts of the Company and its wholly-owned subsidiaries, Singapore Volition Pte Ltd., Belgian Volition SA, and Hypergenomics Pte. Ltd. All significant intercompany balances and transactions have been eliminated in consolidation.


Cash and Cash Equivalents


The Company recognizes income and expenses based on the accrual method of accounting.


Dividend Policy


The Company has not yet adopted a policy regarding payment of dividends.


Statement of Cash Flows


For the purposes of the statement of cash flows, the Company considers all highly liquid investmentsinstruments with a maturity of three months or less at the time of issuance to be cash equivalents.  As at December 31, 2014 and December 31, 2013, the Company had $2,138,964 and $888,704, respectively in cash and cash equivalents.


Basic and Diluted Net Income (loss)Loss Per Share


BasicThe Company computes net income (loss)loss per share amounts arein accordance with ASC 260, Earnings Per Share, which requires presentation of both basic and diluted earnings per share (EPS) on the face of the income statement. Basic EPS is computed based onby dividing net loss available to common shareholders (numerator) by the weighted average number of shares actually outstanding.outstanding (denominator) during the period. Diluted net income (loss) per share amounts are computedEPS gives effect to all dilutive potential common shares outstanding during the period using the weightedtreasury stock method and convertible preferred stock using the if-converted method. In computing Diluted EPS, the average stock price for the period is used in determining the number of common and common equivalent shares outstanding as if shares had been issued onassumed to be purchased from the exercise of any common share rights unlessstock options or warrants. As of December 31, 2014, 891,045 dilutive warrants and 966,716 potentially dilutive warrants and options were excluded from the exercise becomes antidilutive and then the basic and diluted per share amounts are the same.Diluted EPS calculation as their effect is anti-dilutive.


Revenue Recognition


Revenue is recognized on the sale and transfer of goods or completion of service.


Advertising and Market DevelopmentForeign Currency Translation


The companyCompany’s functional currency is the Euro and its reporting currency is the United States dollar. Management has adopted ASC 830-20, “Foreign Currency Matters – Foreign Currency Transactions”. All assets and liabilities denominated in foreign currencies are translated using the exchange rate prevailing at the balance sheet date. For revenues and expenses, advertisingthe weighted average exchange rate for the period is used.  Gains and losses arising on translation or settlement of foreign currency denominated transactions or balances are included in other comprehensive loss.


Financial Instruments


Pursuant to ASC 820,Fair Value Measurements and Disclosures, an entity is required to maximize the use of observable inputs and minimize the use of unobservable inputs when measuring fair value. ASC 820 establishes a fair value hierarchy based on the level of independent, objective evidence surrounding the inputs used to measure fair value. A financial instrument’s categorization within the fair value hierarchy is based upon the lowest level of input that is significant to the fair value measurement. ASC 820 prioritizes the inputs into three levels that may be used to measure fair value:


Level 1


Level 1 applies to assets or liabilities for which there are quoted prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities.



F-7



Note 3-Summary of Significant Accounting Policies (Continued)


Level 2


Level 2 applies to assets or liabilities for which there are inputs other than quoted prices that are observable for the asset or liability such as quoted prices for similar assets or liabilities in active markets; quoted prices for identical assets or liabilities in markets with insufficient volume or infrequent transactions (less active markets); or model-derived valuations in which significant inputs are observable or can be derived principally from, or corroborated by, observable market development costsdata.


Level 3


Level 3 applies to assets or liabilities for which there are unobservable inputs to the valuation methodology that are significant to the measurement of the fair value of the assets or liabilities.


The Company’s financial instruments consist principally of cash, accounts receivable, accounts payable, accrued liabilities, notes payable, and amounts due to related parties.  Pursuant to ASC 820, the fair value of our cash is determined based on “Level 1” inputs, which consist of quoted prices in active markets for identical assets. The Company believes that the recorded values of all of our other financial instruments approximate their current fair values because of their nature and respective maturity dates or durations. During the year ended December 31, 2014, the Company issued warrants for services at fair market value of $300,016, and options under the 2011 Equity Incentive Plan at fair market value of $1,385,155. The Company also issued shares of common stock for services at fair market value of $ nil.


On February 26, 2014, the Company also issued 1,530,975 warrants at a fair market value of $4,078,054 and treated them as incurred.a derivative liability.


On October 31, 2014, the 1,530,975 warrants had a fair market value of $5,359,341 and the Company amended the terms of 1,121,225 of these warrants.  As a result of the amendment, 1,121,225 warrants ceased to be a derivative liability on that date and were transferred into Additional paid-in capital with a fair market value of $3,924,968, leaving a derivative liability with a fair market value of $1,434,373.


As at 31, December 2014, the remaining 409,750 warrants in the derivative liability had a fair market value of $1,577,640


Income Taxes


Potential benefits of income tax losses are not recognized in the accounts until realization is more likely than not. The Company utilizeshas adopted ASC 740 “Accounting for Income Taxes” as of its inception. Pursuant to ASC 740, the liability methodCompany is required to compute tax asset benefits for net operating losses carried forward. The potential benefits of accounting for income taxes.  Undernet operating losses have not been recognized in this financial statement because the liability method deferred tax assets and liabilities are determined based on differences between financial reporting and the tax bases of the assets and liabilities and are measured using the enacted tax rates and laws that willCompany cannot be in effect, when the differences are expected to be reversed. An allowance against deferred tax assets is recorded, whenassured it is more likely than not that such tax benefitsit will not be realized.utilize the net operating losses carried forward in future years.


Comprehensive Loss


ASC 220,Comprehensive Loss, establishes standards for the reporting and display of comprehensive loss and its components in the financial statements. As at December 31, 2014, the Company had $103,832 of accumulated other comprehensive loss, relating to foreign currency translation.


Property and Equipment


Property and equipment is stated at cost and is amortized on a straight-line basis, at the following rates:


Computer Hardware

3 years

Laboratory Equipment

5 years

Office Furniture and Equipment

5 years






VOLITIONRX LIMITED

(Formerly Standard Capital Corporation)

(A Pre-Exploration Stage Company as of August 31, 2011)

Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements

(Expressed in US dollars)F-8



2.

SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES - Continued


The Company’s deferred tax assets, valuation allowance, and change in valuation allowance are as follows (“NOL” denotes Net Operating Loss):



Period

Ending


Estimated NOL

Carry-Forward



NOL

Expires

Estimated Tax

Benefit from

NOL



Valuation

Allowance



Net Tax Benefit

 

 

 

 

 

 

1999

$  12,976

2019

$  3,892

$  (3,892)

-

 

 

 

 

 

 

2000

12,392

2020

3,717

(3,717)

-

 

 

 

 

 

 

2001

13,015

2021

3,905

(3,905)

-

 

 

 

 

 

 

2002

13,502

2022

4,050

(4,050)

-

 

 

 

 

 

 

2003

16,219

2023

4,866

(4,866)

-

 

 

 

 

 

 

2004

24,180

2024

7,254

(7,254)

-

 

 

 

 

 

 

2005

13,105

2025

3,932

(3,932)

-

 

 

 

 

 

 

2006

36,987

2026

11,096

(11,096)

-

 

 

 

 

 

 

2007

26,295

2027

7,889

(7,889)

-

 

 

 

 

 

 

2008

21,803

2028

6,541

(6,541)

-

 

 

 

 

 

 

2009

15,816

2029

4,745

(4,745)

-

 

 

 

 

 

 

2010

10,947

2030

3,284

(3,284)

-

 

 

 

 

 

 

2011

13,023

2031

3,907

(3,907)

-

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

$  230,260

$    -

$  69,078

$  (69,078)

$    -


The total valuation allowance asNote 3-Summary of August 31, 2011 is $(69,078) which increased by $(3,907) for the reported period.  Significant Accounting Policies (Continued)


FinancialIntangible Assets


Intangible assets are stated at cost and Concentrations Riskare amortised on a straight line basis, at the following rates:


Patents

13 years and 20 years


Revenue Recognition


The Company does notrecognizes revenue when all of the following have any concentrationoccurred (i) persuasive evidence of an arrangement exists, (ii) delivery has occurred or related financial credit risk.services have been rendered, (iii) the price is fixed or determinable and (iv) the ability to collect is reasonably assured. The Company recognized $14,785 for the sale of Research Use Only Kits during the year ended December 31, 2014.  The Company had no revenue during the year ended December 31, 2013.


EstimatesResearch and Assumptions


Management uses estimates and assumptions in preparing financial statements in accordance with accounting principles accepted in the United States of America.  Those estimates and assumptions affect the reported amounts of the assets and liabilities, the disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities, and the reported revenues and expenses.   Actual results could vary from the estimates that were assumed in preparing these financial statements.


Financial InstrumentsDevelopment


The carrying amountsCompany follows the policy of financial instruments, including cashexpensing its research and accounts payable,development costs in the period in which they are considered by management to be their estimated fair value due to their short term maturities.  





VOLITIONRX LIMITED

(Formerly Standard Capital Corporation)

(A Pre-Exploration Stageincurred in accordance with ASC 730. The Company asincurred research and development expenses of August$4,044,023 and $2,503,765 during the years ended December 31, 2011)

Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements

(Expressed in US dollars)


2.

SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES - Continued2014 and 2013, respectively.


ReclassificationImpairment of Long-Lived Assets


Certain priorIn accordance with ASC 360,Property Plant and Equipment, the Company tests long-lived assets or asset groups for recoverability when events or changes in circumstances indicate that their carrying amount may not be recoverable. Circumstances which could trigger a review include, but are not limited to: significant decreases in the market price of the asset; significant adverse changes in the business climate or legal factors; accumulation of costs significantly in excess of the amount originally expected for the acquisition or construction of the asset; current period amounts have been reclassified to conformcash flow or operating losses combined with a history of losses or a forecast of continuing losses associated with the use of the asset; and current period’s financial statement presentation.expectation that the asset will more likely than not be sold or disposed significantly before the end of its estimated useful life. Recoverability is assessed based on the carrying amount of the asset and its fair value which is generally determined based on the sum of the undiscounted cash flows expected to result from the use and the eventual disposal of the asset, as well as specific appraisal in certain instances. An impairment loss is recognized when the carrying amount is not recoverable and exceeds fair value. No impairment losses were recognized during the year ended December 31, 2014.  The Company recognized impairment losses of $350,000 in respect of intangible assets during the year ended December 31, 2013.


Stock-Based Compensation


The Company records stock-based compensation in accordance with ASC 718,Compensation – Stock Compensation and ASC 505-50,Equity-Based Payments to Non-Employees. All transactions in which goods or services are the consideration received for the issuance of equity instruments are accounted for based on the fair value of the consideration received or the fair value of the equity instrument issued, whichever is more reliably measurable. Equity instruments issued to employees and the cost of the services received as consideration are measured and recognized based on the fair value of the equity instruments issued and are recognized over the employees required service period, which is generally the vesting period.


Grants received


The Company receives funding from public bodies for a proportion of the costs of specific projects. Funds are received in line with claims submitted for agreed expenditure. The Company recognizes grant income once claims submitted are approved and funds are received. General working capital funding received at the commencement of a project is treated as deferred income until it has been utilized for expenditure claimed. Funding received that is repayable is shown as a liability.


Recent Accounting Pronouncements


The Company has implemented all new accounting pronouncements that are in effect. The Company does not expectbelieve that the adoption ofthere are any other recentnew accounting pronouncements willthat have been issued that might have a material impact on its financial statements.position or results of operations.



F-9



Note 3-Summary of Significant Accounting Policies (Continued)


3.The Company has limited operations and is considered to be in the development stage. In the quarterly period ended September 30, 2014, the Company elected to early adopt Accounting Standards Update No. 2014-10, Development Stage Entities (Topic 915): Elimination of Certain Financial Reporting Requirements. The adoption of this ASU allows the Company to remove the inception to date information and all references to the development stage.

SIGNIFICANT TRANSACTIONS WITH RELATED PARTIES

Note 4-Property and Equipment


The Company’s property and equipment consist of the following amounts as of December 31, 2014 and 2013:


 

 

December 31,2014

 

 

 

 

 

 

Accumulated

 

Net Carrying

 

 

Cost

 

Depreciation

 

Value

 

 

$

 

$

 

$

Computer hardware

 

48,331

 

39,293

 

9,039

Laboratory equipment

 

313,285

 

53,080

 

260,205

Office furniture and equipment

 

31,745

 

12,403

 

19,341

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

393,361

 

104,776

 

288,585


 

 

December 31,2013

 

 

 

 

 

 

Accumulated

 

Net Carrying

 

 

Cost

 

Depreciation

 

Value

 

 

$

 

$

 

$

Computer hardware

 

56,672

 

45,437

 

11,235

Laboratory equipment

 

67,272

 

26,636

 

40,635

Office furniture and equipment

 

19,271

 

7,877

 

11,395

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

143,215

 

79,950

 

63,265


During the years ended December 31, 2014 and 2013, the Company recognized $47,095 and $31,517 in depreciation expense respectively.


Note 5- Intangible Assets


The Company’s intangible assets consist of intellectual property, principally patents. The patents are being amortized over their remaining lives, which are 9 years and 16 years.


 

 

December 31, 2014

 

 

 

 

Accumulated

 

Net Carrying

 

 

Cost

 

Amortization

 

Value

 

 

$

 

$

 

$

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Patents

 

1,173,593

 

364,867

 

808,726

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

1,173,593

 

364,867

 

808,726


 

 

December 31, 2013

 

 

 

 

Accumulated

 

Net Carrying

 

 

Cost

 

Amortization

 

Value

 

 

$

 

$

 

$

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Patents

 

1,314,559

 

312,516

 

1,002,043

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

1,314,559

 

312,516

 

1,002,043




F-10



During the year ended December 31, 2014 and 2013, the Company recognized $95,037 and $114,879 in amortization expense respectively. No impairment losses were recognized during the year ended December 31, 2014.  During the year ended December 31, 2013 the Company recognized impairment losses of $350,000.



The Company amortizes the long-lived assets on a straight line basis with terms of 13 and 20 years. The annual estimated amortization schedule over the next five years is as follows:

 

 

 

 

2015

 

$

87,315

2016

 

$

87,315

2017

 

$

87,315

2018

 

$

87,315

2019

 

$

87,315


The Company periodically reviews its long lived assets to ensure that their carrying value does not exceed their fair market value. The Company carried out such a review in accordance with ASC 360 as of December 31, 2014. The result of this review confirmed that the fair value of the patents exceeded their carrying value as of December 31, 2014.


Note 6-Related Party Transactions


The Company contracts with a related party to rent office space, hire office support staff, and receive various consultancy services.  See Note 13 for obligations under the contract.


Note 7–Amendment of Authorized Stock


As of September 19, 2013, the number of authorized shares of common stock was reduced from 200,000,000 shares to 100,000,000 shares at $0.001 par value, and 1,000,000 shares of preferred stock at $0.001 par value was authorized.


Note 8-Common Stock


2014


On February 26, 2014,the Company issued 1,500,000 shares of common stock for a total of $3,000,000 at a price of $2.00 per share. Attached to these share issuances were 1,500,000 warrants, immediately exercisable for a period of five years at $2.20 per share. The warrants were valued at $3,955,546 using the Black-Scholes Option Pricing model using the following assumptions: Five year term, $2.68 stock price, $2.20 exercise price, 239% volatility, 1.50% risk free rate. Agents received 30,975 warrants, exercisable on the same terms as the warrants issued for cash subscriptions, and valued at $82,507 on the same basis as above. Due to a ratchet provision in the warrant agreement effective for the twelve months to February 26, 2015, all the foregoing warrants have been treated as a derivative liability in accordance with ASC 815. Other fees and expenses directly attributable to agents in respect of these issuances were $147,186 in cash, and $25,900 settled by the issue of shares of common stock. Legal expenses directly attributable to the issuances amounted to $84,879.


On February 26, 2014, the Company issued 16,667 shares of common stock to settle liabilities for services valued at $35,000, at a price of $2.10 per share.


On March 25, 2014, the Company issued 12,334 shares of common stock to settle liabilities for services valued at $25,900, at a price of $2.10 per share.


On March 26, 2014, the Company issued 99,178 shares of common stock to the subscribers for the 297,500 shares of common stock issued on June 10, 2013. These additional shares were issued for no additional consideration under the terms of the Private Placement Memorandum because certain subsequent fundraising targets had not been met.


On June 5, 2014, the Company issued 160,228 shares of common stock for cash of $352,500, at a price of $2.20 per share.


On September 24, 2014, the Company issued 21,250 shares of common stock at a price of $2.20 per share to settle liabilities for services valued at $46,748.  In addition, on that date, the Company issued 492,316 shares of common stock at a price of $2.20 for cash of $1,083,094 and 27,230 shares of common stock at a price of $2.20 to an agent in settlement of their debt of $59,906.


On September 26, 2014, the Company issued 300,000 shares of common stock at a price of $2.50 per share for cash of $688,970.  The amount received was the net proceeds, after fees of $60,000 had been paid to an agent and $1,030 paid in other fees and bank charges.




Note 8-Common Stock (Continued)


In addition, on that date, the Company issued 24,000 warrants to the same agent, immediately exercisable over a period of three years at $3 per share.  The warrants were valued at $103,223 using the Black-Scholes Option Pricing model using the following assumptions: Three year term, $4.45 stock price, $3 exercise price, 235% volatility, 1.08% risk free rate.


On October 3, 2014, 50,000 warrants were exercised for total proceeds of $123,500 in cash. As a result, an aggregate total of 50,000 shares of common stock were issued at a price of $2.47 per share.


On October 9, 2014, the Company issued 91,757 shares of common stock at a price of $2.50 per share for cash of $229,393


On November 17, 2014, the Company issued 237,500 shares of common stock at a price of $3.00 per share for net cash proceeds of $654,464.  $57,000 had been paid in fees to an agent and $1,036 was paid in escrow fees and charges


In addition, on November 17, the Company issued 19,000 warrants to the same agent, immediately exercisable over a period of three years at $3.75 per share.  The warrants were valued at $72,694 using the Black-Scholes Option Pricing model using the following assumptions: Three year term, $3.99 stock price, $3.75 exercise price, 234% volatility, 0.96% risk free rate


On November 21, the Company issued 3,115 shares of common stock at a price of $3.00 per share for cash proceeds of $9,345


2013


On March 25, 2013, the Company issued 235,500 shares of common stock for a total of $471,000 in cash, and 9,292 shares of common stock to consultants and directors to settle liabilities for services valued at $18,583, at a price of $2.00 per share.


On May 1, 2013, the Company issued 208,000 shares of common stock for a total of $416,000 in cash.


On June 10, 2013, the Company issued 297,500 shares of common stock for a total of $534,500 at a price of $2.00 per share. The amount received was net of $60,500 fees and expenses to an agent. Remuneration to the agent also included 29,750 warrants, immediately exercisable for a period of five years at a price of $2.00 per share. The warrants were valued at $71,918, using the Black-Scholes Option Pricing model using the following assumptions: Five-year term, $2.43 stock price, $2.00 exercise price, 246% volatility, 1.13% risk free rate.


On August 7, 2013, the Company issued 225,000 shares of common stock for a total of $450,000 in cash at a price of $2.00 per share. Attached to these share issuances were 45,000 warrants, immediately exercisable for a period of three years at a price of $2.40 per share.  The warrants were valued using the Black-Scholes Option Pricing model using the following assumptions:  Three year term, $2.17 stock price, $2.40 exercise price, 244% volatility, 0.61% risk free rate. The Company has allocated $72,721 of the total $450,000 in proceeds to the value of the warrants.


During August 2013, the Company issued 12,448 shares of common stock to consultants and directors to settle liabilities for services valued at $28,000, at a price of $2.25 per share. The Company also issued 15,000 shares of common stock to consultants for services valued at $30,750, at a price of $2.05 per share, which represented fair market value at the date the services were agreed.


On November 25, 2013, the Company issued 437,320 shares of common stock for a total of $896,500 in cash, and 18,743 shares of common stock to consultants and directors to settle liabilities for services valued at $38,423, at a price of $2.05 per share. Attached to these share issuances were 456,063 warrants, immediately exercisable for a period of five years at $2.40 per share. The warrants were valued using the Black-Scholes Option Pricing model using the following assumptions: Five year term, $1.90 stock price, $2.40 exercise price, 241% volatility, 1.37% risk free rate. The Company has allocated $466,228 of the total $934,923 in proceeds to the value of the warrants.


On December 31, 2013, the Company issued 29,392 shares of common stock for a total of $60,250 in cash at a price of $2.05 per share. Attached to these share issuances were 29,392 warrants, immediately exercisable for a period of five years at $2.40 per share. The warrants were valued using the Black-Scholes Option Pricing model using the following assumptions: Five year term, $2.48 stock price, $2.40 exercise price, 239% volatility, 1.75% risk free rate. The Company has allocated $30,019 of the total $60,250 in proceeds to the value of the warrants.



F-12



Note 9–Warrants and Options


a)

Warrants


2014


On January 28, 2014, the Company issued 10,000 warrants to a consultant for services at an exercise price of $2.40, exercisable immediately for three years. The warrants were valued at $21,500 using the Black-Scholes Option Pricing model using the following assumptions: Three-year term, $2.26 stock price, $2.40 exercise price, 229% volatility, 0.75% risk free rate.


On February 26, 2014, the Company issued 1,500,000 warrants attached to the issue of 1,500,000 shares for cash totaling $3,000,000. The Company has valued these warrants at $3,995,547 and treated this amount as a derivative liability, in accordance with ASC 815. The warrants are exercisable immediately for five years at an exercise price of $2.20.


On February 26, 2014, the Company issued 30,975 warrants to agents as part remuneration in respect of the issuance of 1,500,000 shares for cash totaling $3,000,000. The warrants were valued at $82,507 using the Black-Scholes Option Pricing model using the following assumptions: Five-year term, $2.68 stock price, $2.20 exercise price, 241% volatility, 1.5% risk free rate. The Company has treated this amount as a derivative liability, in accordance with ASC 815. Each warrant is exercisable immediately for five years at an exercise price of $2.20 per share.


On September 5, 2014, the Company issued 10,000 warrants to a consultant for services. These warrants were valued at $20,092 using the Black-Scholes Option Pricing model using the following assumptions: Three year term, $2.10 stock price, $2.40 exercise price, 236% volatility, 0.99% risk free rate. Each warrant is exercisable immediately for three years at an exercise price of $2.40 per share.


On September 26, 2014, the Company issued 24,000 warrants to an agent as part remuneration in respect of the issuance of 300,000 shares for net proceeds of $688,970.  These warrants were valued at $103,223 using the Black-Scholes Option Pricing model using the following assumptions: Three year term, $4.45 stock price, $3 exercise price, 235% volatility, 1.08% risk free rate.  Each warrant is exercisable immediately for three years at an exercise price of $3 per share.


On October 1, 2014, 25,000 of the remaining 175,000 warrants with variable vesting dates, issued March 20, 2013, vested. The 25,000 warrants were valued at $104,281 using the Black-Scholes Option Pricing model using the following assumptions:  Three-year term, $4.21 stock price, $2.47 exercise price, 235% volatility, 1.0 % risk free rate. The Company carried out a re-measurement of the valuation of the unvested warrants as at December 31, 2014, in accordance with ASC 505. The Company estimated that vesting of the unvested warrants will take place over the three years to December 31, 2017. The unvested warrants were re-measured at $583,829 using the Black-Scholes Option Pricing model using the following assumptions: Three-year term, $3.90 stock price, $2.47 exercise price, 233% volatility, 1.1% risk free rate. As of December 31, 2014, $439,175 of the $745,156 value of vested and unvested warrants has been expensed.


On November 17, 2014, the Company issued 19,000 warrants to an agent, as part remuneration in respect of the issuance of 237,500 shares for net proceeds of $654,464. The warrants are immediately exercisable over a period of three years at $3.75 per share. The warrants were valued at $72,694 using the Black-Scholes Option Pricing model using the following assumptions: Three year term, $3.99 stock price, $3.75 exercise price, 234% volatility, 0.96% risk free rate


All of the 1,530,975 warrants issued on February 26, 2014, have been treated as a derivative liability, in accordance with ASC 815, owing to a ratchet provision in the warrant agreement being effective for the twelve months to February 26, 2015.  The derivative liability was measured at $4,078,054 as at February 26, 2014. It was re-measured as of March 31, 2014, and revalued at $4,182,748. The derivative liability was further re-measured as of June 30, 2014, and revalued at $2,315,506, resulting in a gain of $1,867,241 for the three months ended June 30, 2014. At September 30, 2014, the derivative liability was re-measured and revalued at $6,446,068, resulting in a loss of $4,130,562 for the three months ended September 30, 2014.




Note 9–Warrants and Options (Continued)


On October 31, 2014, the Company amended the terms of 1,121,225 of the aforementioned 1,530,975 warrants that had been issued on February 26, 2014.  As a result of the amendment, the ratchet provision on the 1,121,225 warrants ceased on October 31, 2014.  The derivative liability was re-measured at that date, using the Black-Scholes Option Pricing model with the following assumptions: Five year term, $3.54 stock price, $2.20 exercise price, 235% volatility, 1.62% risk free rate. This resulted in a gain of $1,086,727 for the month of October 2014 and the 1,121,225 warrants ceased to be a derivative liability with their valuation of $3,924,967 being transferred into Additional paid-in capital.


On December 31, 2014 the remaining warrants treated as a derivative liability were re-measured.  This resulted in a loss of $143,267 for the two months to December 31, 2014.  The net gain for the three months to December 31, 2014 is therefore $943,460.


2013


On March 20, 2013, the Company issued 200,000 warrants to a consultant for services at an exercise price of $2.47, expiring three years after vesting. 25,000 warrants vested immediately, and the vesting of the remaining 175,000 warrants is contingent upon the achievement of specific milestones. The 25,000 warrants that vested immediately were valued at $57,046 using the Black-Scholes Option Pricing model using the following assumptions:  Three-year term, $2.35 stock price, $2.47 exercise price, 253% volatility, 0.38% risk free rate. The Company carried out a re-measurement of the valuation of the unvested warrants as at December 31, 2013, in accordance with ASC 505. The Company estimated that vesting of the unvested warrants will take place over the three years to December 31, 2016. The unvested warrants were re-measured at $417,625 using the Black-Scholes Option Pricing model using the following assumptions: Three-year term, $2.48 stock price, $2.47 exercise price, 239% volatility, 0.78% risk free rate. As of December 31, 2013, $198,560 of the $474,671 value of vested and unvested warrants has been expensed.


On June 10, 2013, the Company issued 29,750 warrants to an agent as part remuneration in respect of the issuance of 297,500 shares for net proceeds of $534,500. The Company has valued the warrants at $71,918. The warrants are exercisable immediately for five years at an exercise price of $2.00 per share.


On August 7, 2013, the Company issued 45,000 warrants attached to the issuance of 225,000 shares for cash totaling $450,000. The Company has allocated $72,721 of the proceeds to the value of the warrants.  The warrants are exercisable immediately for three years at an exercise price of $2.40.


On November 25, 2013, the Company issued 456,063 warrants attached to the issuance of 437,320 shares for cash totaling $896,500, and the issuance of 18,743 shares to settle liabilities for services valued at $38,423. The Company has allocated $466,228 of the proceeds to the value of the warrants.  The warrants are exercisable immediately for five years at an exercise price of $2.40.


On December 31, 2013, the Company issued 29,392 warrants attached to the issuance of 29,392 shares for cash totaling $60,250. The Company has allocated $30,019 of the proceeds to the value of the warrants.  The warrants are exercisable immediately for five years at an exercise price of $2.40.


On December 31, 2013, the Company issued 35,000 warrants to a consultant for services at an exercise price of $2.40, exercisable immediately for five years. The warrants were valued at $86,190 using the Black-Scholes Option Pricing model using the following assumptions: Five year term, $2.48 stock price, $2.40 exercise price, 239% volatility, 1.75% risk free rate.



F-14



Note 9–Warrants and Options (Continued)


Below is a table summarizing the warrants issued and outstanding as of December 31, 2014.


Date

 

Number

 

Exercise

 

Contractual

 

Expiration

 

Value if

Issued

 

Outstanding

 

Price $

 

Life (Years)

 

Date

 

Exercised $

03/15/11

 

200,000

 

0.50

 

5

 

3/15/2016

 

100,000

03/24/11

 

100,000

 

0.50

 

5

 

3/24/2016

 

50,000

04/01/11

 

100,000

 

0.50

 

5

 

4/1/2016

 

50,000

06/21/11

 

100,000

 

0.50

 

5

 

6/21/2016

 

50,000

07/13/11

 

250,000

 

1.05

 

5

 

07/13/16

 

262,500

05/11/12

 

344,059

 

2.60

 

4

 

05/10/16

 

894,553

05/11/12

 

26,685

 

1.75

 

3

 

05/10/15

 

46,699

03/20/13

 

150,000

 

2.47

 

3

 

03/20/16

 

370,500

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

to 12/20/19

 

 

06/10/13

 

29,750

 

2.00

 

5

 

12/10/18

 

59,500

08/07/13

 

45,000

 

2.40

 

3

 

08/07/16

 

108,000

11/25/13

 

456,063

 

2.40

 

5

 

11/25/18

 

1,094,551

12/31/13

 

64,392

 

2.40

 

5

 

11/25/18

 

154,541

01/28/14

 

10,000

 

2.40

 

3

 

01/28/17

 

24,000

02/26/14

 

1,530,975

 

2.20

 

5

 

02/26/19

 

3,368,145

09/05/14

 

10,000

 

2.40

 

3

 

09/05/17

 

24,000

09/26/14

 

24,000

 

3.00

 

3

 

09/26/17

 

72,000

11/17/14

 

19,000

 

3.75

 

3

 

11/17/17

 

71,250

12/31/14

 

3,459,924

 

1.97

 

4.7

 


 

6,800,239


b)

Options


On November 17, 2011, the Company adopted and approved the 2011 Equity Incentive Plan for the directors, officers, employees and key consultants of the Company. Pursuant to the Plan, the Company was authorized to issue 900,000 restricted shares, $0.001 par value, of the Company’s common stock.


2014


Options to purchase 25,000 shares were granted on May 16, 2014. These options vest in equal six monthly installments over three years from the date of grant, and expire three years after the vesting dates. The exercise prices are $3.00 for options vesting in the first year, $4.00 for options vesting in the second year, and $5.00 for options vesting in the third year. The Company has calculated the estimated fair market value of these options using the Black-Scholes Option Pricing model and the following assumptions: term 3 to 5.5 years, stock price $2.01, exercise prices $3.00-$5.00, 235% volatility, 0.80% risk free rate.


On August 5, 2014, it was approved at the Company’s Annual General Meeting to increase the number of restricted shares that the Company is authorized to issue under the 2011 Equity Incentive Plan to 2,000,000.


On August 18, 2014, The Company granted options to purchase 670,000 shares. These options vest in two equal tranches, the first tranche vests on February 18, 2015.  The second tranche vests on February 18, 2016. All the options expire four years after their vesting dates. The exercise prices are $2.50 for options vesting in the first year and $3.00 for options vesting in the second year. The Company has calculated the estimated fair market value of these options using the Black-Scholes Option Pricing model and the following assumptions: term 4.5 to 5.5 years, stock price $1.85, exercise prices $2.50-$3.00, 237% volatility, 1.58% risk free rate.


On August 18, 2014, The Company granted options to purchase 60,000 shares. These options vest in equal six monthly installments over three years, starting six months after the date of grant, and expire three years after the vesting dates. The exercise prices are $3.00 for options vesting in the first year, $4.00 for options vesting in the second year, and $5.00 for options vesting in the third year. The Company has calculated the estimated fair market value of these options using the




F-15



Note 9–Warrants and Options (Continued)


Black-Scholes Option Pricing model and the following assumptions: term 3.5 to 6 years, stock price $1.85, exercise prices $3.00-$5.00, 237% volatility, 0.89% risk free rate.


During the year ended AugustDecember 31, 2011,2014, 60,000 options expired, following the cessation of a Director made advances of $54,828 to the Company.consultant’s contract.


On August 31, 2011, officers-directors2013


Options to purchase 37,000 shares were granted on March 20, 2013. These options vest in equal six monthly installments over three years from the date of grant, and their families had acquired 12% ofexpire three years after the common capital stock issued, have made advances of $71,877, and have made contributions to capitalvesting dates. The exercise prices are $2.35 for options vesting in the form of expenses paidfirst year, $3.35 for the Companyoptions vesting in the amount of $50,400. The advances are non-interest bearingsecond year, and payable on demand.$4.35 for options vesting in the third year.


4.

STOCK OPTION PLAN


At the Annual General Meeting held on February 20, 2004, the shareholders approved a Stock Option Plan (the “Plan”) whereby a maximum of 5,000,000 commonOptions to purchase 16,300 shares were authorized but unissued to be granted to directors, officers, consultantson September 2, 2013. These options vest in equal six monthly installments over three years from the date of grant, and non-employees who assistedexpire three years after the vesting dates. The exercise prices are $2.35 for options vesting in the development offirst year, $3.35 for options vesting in the Company. The value ofsecond year, and $4.35 for options vesting in the stock options to be granted under the Plan will be determined using the Black-Scholes valuation model. No stock options have been granted under this Plan.  


5.

CAPITAL STOCKthird year.


The Company has completedcalculated the estimated fair market value of the options granted to employees and non-employees in exchange for services using the Black-Scholes Option Pricing model and the following assumptions:


a)

37,000 options granted March 20, 2013 –expected term 3 years, $2.35 stock price, $2.35-$4.35 exercise prices, 253% volatility, 0.38% risk free rate.


b)

16,300 options granted September 2, 2013 –expected term 3 years, $2.03 stock price, $2.35-$4.35 exercise prices, 242% volatility, 0.79% risk free rate.


During the year ended December 31, 2013, 30,000 options expired following termination of employment.


Below is a Regulation D offeringtable summarizing the options issued and outstanding as of 1,295,000December 31, 2014.


Date

 

Number

 

Exercise

 

Contractual

 

Expiration

 

Value if

Issued

 

Outstanding

 

Price $

 

Life (Years)

 

Date

 

Exercised $

11/25/11

 

630,000

 

 

3.00-5.00

 

3

 

05/25/15-11/25/17

 

 

2,520,000

09/01/12

 

30,000

 

 

4.31-6.31

 

3

 

03/01/16-09/01/18

 

 

159,300

12/13/12

 

100,000

 

 

3.01

 

3

 

12/13/15

 

 

301,000

03/20/13

 

37,000

 

 

2.35-4.35

 

3

 

09/20/16-03/20/19

 

 

123,950

09/02/13

 

16,300

 

 

2.35-4.35

 

3

 

03/02/14-09/02/16

 

 

54,605

05/16/14

 

25,000

 

 

3.00-5.00

 

3-5.5

 

11/16/17-05/16/20

 

 

100,000

08/18/14

 

670,000

 

 

2.50-3.00

 

4.5-5.5

 

02/18/19-02/18/20

 

 

1,842,500

08/18/14

 

60,000

 

 

3.00-5.00

 

3.5-6.0

 

02/18/18-08/18/20

 

 

240,000

12/31/14

 

1,568,300

 

 

3.41

 

3.4

 

 

 

5,341,355


Total remaining unrecognized compensation cost related to non-vested stock options is approximately $754,468 and is expected to be recognized over a period of three years.




F-16



Note 10-Fair Value Measurements


On a recurring basis, we measure certain financial assets and liabilities based upon the fair value hierarchy as described in the Company’s significant accounting policies in Note 3. The following table presents information about the Company’s liabilities measured at fair value as of December 31, 2014


 

 

Level 1

 

Level 2

 

Level 3

 

Fair Value at December 31, 2014

Liabilities

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Derivative Liability

$

-

$

1,577,640

$

-

$

1,577,640

 

 

Level 1

 

Level 2

 

Level 3

 

Fair Value at December 31, 2013

Liabilities

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Derivative liability

$

-

$

-

$

-

$

-


The fair value changes in the fair value of recurring fair value measurements using model-derived valuations in which significant inputs are observable or can be derived principally from, or corroborated by, observable market data (Level 2), relate solely to the derivative liability as follows:


Balance as of December 31, 2013

$

-

Derivative liability recorded

$

4,078,054

Adjustment due to amendment

$

(3,924,967)

Fair value adjustment

$

1,424,553

Balance as of December 31, 2014

$

1,577,640


Note 11-Derivative Financial Instruments


The balance sheet caption derivative liability consists of derivative features embedded in exercisable warrants which have a ratchet provision within their agreements. The balance at December 31, 2014 and 2013 was $1,577,640 and $nil, respectively.


The valuation of the derivative liability is determined using a Black-Scholes Model because that model embodies all of the relevant assumptions that address the features underlying these instruments. Significant assumptions used in the Black-Scholes model at December 31, 2014 include the following:


Risk-free interest rate

1.65%

Estimated volatility

232.6%

Dividend rate

None

Estimated term in years

4


Note 12-Income Taxes


The Company has estimated net operating losses for the years ended December 31, 2014 and 2013 of $7,141,271 and $3,456,345, respectively, available to offset taxable income in future years.



F-17



The Company is subject to Singapore income taxes at a rate of 17 percent, Belgium income taxes at a rate of 34 percent, and US taxes at a rate of 34 percent, for a weighted average of 32 and 30 percent, respectively. The reconciliation of the provision for income taxes at the weighted average rate compared to the Company’s income tax expense as reported is as follows:


 

2014 $

 

2013 $

 

 

 

 

Net loss

(8,213,529)

 

(3,710,289)

Tax adjustments

1,072,258

 

253,944

Estimated net operating losses

(7,141,271)

 

(3,456,345)

 

 

 

 

Tax rate

32%

 

30%

 

 

 

 

Income tax recovery at statutory rate

 (2,247,408)

 

 (1,044,766)

 

 

 

 

Valuation allowance

2,247,408

 

1,044,766

 

 

 

 

Provision for income taxes

-

 

-


The significant components of deferred income taxes and assets as at December 31, 2014 are as follows:


 

2014 $

 

2013 $

 

 

 

 

Net operating losses carried forward

4,295,152

 

2,466,484

 

 

 

 

Valuation allowance

(4,295,152)

 

(2,466,484)

 

 

 

 

Net deferred income tax asset

-

 

-


Note 13–Commitments and Contingencies


a)

Walloon Region Grant


On March 16, 2010, the Company entered into an agreement with the Walloon Region government in Belgium wherein the Walloon Region would fund up to a maximum of $1,273,868 (1,048,020) to help fund the research endeavors of the Company in the area of colorectal cancer.  The Company had received the entirety of these funds in respect of approved expenditures as of March 31, 2014. Under the terms of the agreement, the Company is due to repay $382,160 (314,406) of this amount by installments over the period June 30, 2014 to June 30, 2023. The Company has recorded the balance of $891,708 (733,614) to other income as there is no obligation to repay this amount. In the event that the Company receives revenue from products or services as defined in the agreement, it is due to pay a 6 percent royalty on such revenue to the Walloon Region. The maximum amount payable to the Walloon Region, in respect of the aggregate of the amount repayable of $382,161 (314,406) and the 6 percent royalty on revenue, is twice the amount of funding received.  As at December 31, 2014, $351,773 (289,406) was outstanding to be repaid to the Walloon Region under this agreement.


b)

Administrative Support Agreement


On August 6, 2010, (and as amended on October 1, 2011) the Company entered into an agreement with a related party to rent office space, contract for office support staff, and have consulting services provided on behalf of the Company.  The agreement requires the Company to pay $7,720 per month for office space and staff services as well as approximately $16,000 per month in fees for two senior executives (which reduced to approximately $6,500 per month for one senior executive from January 1, 2015).  The Company is also required to pay for all reasonable expenses incurred.  The contract is in force for 12 months with automatic extensions of 12 months with a 3 month notice required for termination of the contract.


c)

The Company leases premises and facilities under operating leases with terms ranging from 12 months to 36 months. The annual non-cancelable operating lease payments on these leases are as follows:


2015

$

98,477

2016

$

89,648

2017

$

2,806

Thereafter

$

NIL





d)

Bonn University Agreement


On July 11, 2012, the Company entered into an agreement with Bonn University, Germany, relating to a program of samples testing. The agreement was for a period of two years from June 1, 2012 to May 31, 2014. The total payments made by the Company in accordance with the agreement were $494,045 (390,000). On April 16, 2014, the Company entered into an extension of this agreement, for a period of a further two years from June 1, 2014 to May 31, 2016. The total payments to be made by the Company in accordance with the extension of the agreement are $494,045 (390,000)


e)

Hvidovre Hospital, Denmark Agreement


 On August 8, 2014, the Company entered into an agreement with Hvidovre Hospital, University of Copenhagen in Denmark, relating to a program of samples testing associated with colorectal cancer.  It will run for a period of two years to August 8, 2016.  Total payments (inclusive of local taxes) to be made under the agreement are $1,672,590 (DKR 10,245,000).


f)

Legal Proceedings


There are no legal proceedings which the Company believes will have a material adverse effect on its financial position


Note 14-Subsequent Events


On February 6, 2015, 2,475,000 shares of its capitalcommon stock for $3,050.  In addition, the Company has completed an Offering Memorandum whereby 990,000 common shares were issued for at a price of $0.05$3.75 per share for $49,500.


6.

GOING CONCERN


The Company will need additional working capital to service its debt and for its intended purposeshare.  Net cash proceeds of acquiring another mineral claim, which raises substantial doubt about its ability to continue as a going concern. Management of the Company has developed a strategy, which it believes will accomplish this objective through additional advances from related parties, equity funding, and long term financing, which will enable the Company to operate for the coming year.


7.

SUBSEQUENT EVENTS$8.5million were received.


On September 26, 2011,February 13, 2015, 343,383 shares of common stock were issued at a price of $3.75 per share.  Net cash proceeds of $1.2 million were received.


On February 20, 2015, The Company purchasedthe Nucleosomics® WO2005019826: Detection of Histone Modifications in Cell-Free Nucleosomes patent (i.e. the Company entered intopatent that underlies the NuQ®-M tests) from Chroma Therapeutics Limited for the sum of $55,000.


On February 23, 2015, 25,000 warrants were exercised at $2.20 per share, giving cash proceeds of $55,000.  As a voluntary share exchange transaction with Singapore Volition Pte Limited,result a Singapore registered company (“Singapore Volition”), pursuant to a Share Exchange Agreement (the “Exchange Agreement”) by and amongtotal of 25,000 shares of common stock were issued.


On February 27, 2015, the Company and its controlling stockholders, on the one hand, and Singapore Volitionratchet provision within 409,750 warrants expired and the stockholders of Singapore Volition (the “Selling Stockholders”),associated derivative liability was cancelled on the other hand.  that date.


Singapore Volition is developingOn March 6, 2015, 400,000 shares of common stock were issued at a suiteprice of epigenetic cancer detection blood tests. The acquisition date (closing date) for this transaction was October 6, 2011.$3.75 per share.  Net cash proceeds of $1.4 million were received.


At the closing of the transactions contemplated by the Exchange Agreement (the “Closing”), the Company will issue 6,908,652 shares of its common stock (the “Shares”) to the Selling Stockholders in exchange for 100% of the currently issued and outstanding capital stock of Singapore Volition (the “Exchange Transaction”).  Singapore Volition will become the Company’s wholly-owned subsidiary, and the Company will acquire the business and operations of Singapore Volition.  Singapore Volition has two subsidiaries, Belgian Volition SA, a Belgium registered company of which it owns 99.9% of the issued and outstanding shares, and HyperGenomics Pte Limited, a Singapore registered company and wholly-owned subsidiary of Singapore Volition.


END NOTES TO FINANCIALS






ITEM 9. CHANGES IN AND DISAGREEMENTS WITH ACCOUNTANTS ON ACCOUNTING AND FINANCIAL DISCLOSURE.


None.There were no changes in accountants during the years ended December 31, 2014 and December 31, 2013.


ITEM 9A. CONTROLS AND PROCEDURES.


Disclosure Controls and Procedures


We maintain disclosure controls and procedures, as defined in Rule 13a-15(e) promulgated under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 (the "Exchange Act"), that are designed to ensure that information required to be disclosed by us in the reports that we file or submit under the Exchange Act is recorded, processed, summarized and reported within the time periods specified in the Securities and Exchange Commission's rules and forms and that such information is accumulated and communicated to our management, including our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, as appropriate to allow timely decisions regarding required disclosure.


We carried out an evaluation, under the supervision and with the participation of our management, including our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, of the effectiveness of the design and operation of our disclosure controls and procedures as of AugustDecember 31, 2011.2014. Based on the evaluation of these disclosure controls and procedures, and in light of the material weaknesses found in our internal controls over financial reporting, our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer concluded that our disclosure controls and procedures were not effective.


Management’s Annual Report on Internal Control Over Financial Reporting


Our management is responsible for establishing and maintaining adequate control over financial reporting (as defined in Rule 13a-15(f) promulgated under the Exchange Act. Our management assessed the effectiveness of our internal control over financial reporting as of August 31, 2011. In making this assessment, our management used the criteria set forth by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission ("COSO") in Internal Control-Integrated Framework. Our management has concluded that, as of August 31, 2011, our internal control over financial reporting is not effective based on these criteria, due to material weaknesses resulting from not having an Audit Committee or financial expert on our Board of Directors and our failure to maintain appropriate cash controls.  


Changes in Internal Control and Financial Reporting


Management is responsible for establishing and maintaining adequate internal control over financial reporting, as defined in Exchange Act Rule 13a-15(f).  The Company’s internal control over financial reporting is a process designed to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America.


Because of its inherent limitations, internal control over financial reporting may not prevent or detect misstatements.  Also, projections of any evaluation of effectiveness to future periods are subject to the risk that controls may become inadequate because of changes in conditions, or that the degree of compliance with the policies or procedures may deteriorate.


Under the supervision and with the participation of management, including the Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, the Company conducted an evaluation of the effectiveness of the Company’s internal control over financial reporting as of AugustDecember 31, 20112014, using the criteria established in “Internal Control - Integrated Framework” issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission ("COSO").







A material weakness is a deficiency, or combination of deficiencies, in internal control over financial reporting, such that there is a reasonable possibility that a material misstatement of the Company’s annual or interim financial statements will not be prevented or detected on a timely basis.  In its assessment of the effectiveness of internal control over financial reporting as of AugustDecember 31, 2011,2014, the Company determined that there were control deficiencies that constituted material weaknesses, as described below.


1.

Certain entity levelWe did not maintain appropriate cash controls establishing a “tone at the top” were considered material weaknesses.  As of AugustDecember 31, 2011,2014, the Company has not maintained sufficient internal controls over financial reporting for the cash process, including failure to segregate cash handling and accounting functions, and did not have a separate audit committee or a policyrequire dual signature on fraud.  A whistleblower policy is not necessary given the small size of the organization.Company’s bank accounts.


2.

Due toWe did not implement appropriate information technology controls –As at December 31, 2014, the significant numberCompany retains copies of all financial data and magnitudematerial agreements; and the main Volition trading subsidiary follows a formal off-site daily backup of out-of-period adjustments identified duringdata procedure, however, there was no formal off-site backup procedure in place for the year-end closing process, management has concluded that the controls over the period-end financial reporting process were not operating effectively. A material weaknessother subsidiaries in the period-end financial reporting process could result in us not being able to meet our regulatory filing deadlines and, if not remedied, has the potential to cause a material misstatement or to miss a filing deadline in the future. Management override of existing controls is possible given the small size of the organization and lack of personnel.


3.

There is no system in place to review and monitor internal control over financial reporting. The Company maintains an insufficient complement of personnel to carry out ongoing monitoring responsibilities and ensure effective internal control over financial reporting.Group.


Accordingly, the Company concluded that these control deficiencies resulted in a reasonable possibility that a material misstatement of the annual or interim financial statements will not be prevented or detected on a timely basis by the company’sCompany’s internal controls.


As a result of the material weaknesses described above, management has concluded that the Company did not maintain effective internal control over financial reporting as of AugustDecember 31, 20112014, based on criteria established in Internal Control—Integrated Framework issued by COSO.



31



Changes in Internal Control over Financial Reporting


There has been no change in our internal control over financial reporting identified in connection with our evaluationwe conducted of the effectiveness of our internal control over financial reporting as of AugustDecember 31, 2011,2014, that occurred during our fourth fiscal quarter that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, our internal control over financial reporting.  


This annualAnnual report does not include an attestation report of the Company’s registered public accounting firm regarding internal control over financial reporting.  ManagementsManagement’s report was not subject to attestation by the Company’s registered public accounting firm pursuant to temporary rules of the SEC that permit the Company to provide only management’s report in this annualAnnual report.


Continuing Remediation Efforts to address deficiencies in Company’s Internal Control over Financial Reporting


Once the Company is engaged in astable business of meritoperations and has sufficient personnel and resources available, then our Board of Directors, in particular and in connection with the aforementioned deficiencies, will establish the following remediation measures:


1.

On November 5, 2014, the Board of Directors formed an Audit Committee and adopted its Charter. Mr. Guy Innes is a Chartered Accountant and qualifies as an audit committee financial expert as defined in Item 407(d)(5)(ii) of Regulation S-K


2.

Dual authorization of bank payments will be instigated, wherever local jurisdictions permit.


3.

A Purchase Order authorization process will be instigated in the main trading subsidiary of the Group.


4.

Daily backups of data will be started for all subsidiaries of the Group.

1. 

Our Board of Directors will nominate an audit committee or a financial expert on our Board of Directors in 2011.  

2. 

We will appoint additional personnel to assist with the preparation of the Company’s monthly financial reporting, including preparation of the monthly bank reconciliations.


ITEM 9B.  

OTHER9B.OTHER INFORMATION.


None.








PART III


ITEM 10.

DIRECTORS AND EXECUTIVE OFFICERS.


Identification of Directors and Executive Officers


The Company


The following table sets forth the names and ages of our currentthe Company’s directors and executive officers:officers as of December 31, 2014.  


Name

Age

Position with the Company

Director/Officer

Officer/Director Since

Cameron Reynolds

40

44

President Chief Executive Officer & Director

October 6, 2011

Malcolm Lewin

60

Chief FinancialExecutive Officer & Treasurer

October 6, 2011

Rodney Gerard Rootsaert

40

Secretary

Director

October 6, 2011

Dr. Martin FaulkesMike O’Connell

67

Director46

Chief Financial Officer

July 1, 2014

Treasurer

July 1, 2014

Rodney Rootsaert

43

Secretary

October 6, 2011

Dr. Satu VainikkaJason Terrell MD

44

34

Chief Medical Officer

March 20, 2013

Head of US Operations

Dr. Martin Faulkes

71

Director

October 6, 2011

Executive Chairman

October 6, 2011

Guy Archibald Innes(1) (2) (3)

55

58

Director

October 6, 2011

Dr. Alan Colman(1)

62

66

Director

October 6, 2011

Kevin John AlexanderDr. Habib Skaff(1) (2) (3)

57

37

Director

October 6, 2011

June 01, 2014


(1)

Member of the Audit Committee

(2)

Member of the Compensation Committee

(3)

Member of the Nominations and Governance Committee


Malcolm Lewin resigned from the position of Chief Financial Officer on July 1, 2014


On November 5, 2014, our Board of Directors established an audit committee, a compensation committee, and a nominations and governance committee. The committees operate pursuant to written charters adopted by the Board of Directors, copies of which are available on our website www.volitionrx.com. In addition, from time to time, the Board of Directors may establish special committees when necessary to address specific issues.


Audit Committee


Our audit committee consists of three members, Mr. Guy Innes (Chair), Dr. Habib Skaff and Dr. Alan Colman, each of whom has been determined to be an independent director under applicable SEC rules and the applicable rules of the NYSE MKT. The audit committee shall at all times be composed exclusively of directors who are, in the opinion of our Board of Directors, free from any relationship which would interfere with the exercise of independent judgment as a committee member and who possess an understanding of financial statements and generally accepted accounting principles.



33



The audit committee is responsible for, among other things:


·

appointing, terminating, compensating and overseeing the work of any independent auditor engaged to prepare or issue an audit report or other audit, review or attest services;


·

reviewing all audit and non-audit services to be performed by the independent auditor, taking into consideration whether the independent auditor’s provision of non-audit services to us is compatible with maintaining the independent auditor’s independence;


·

reviewing and discussing the adequacy and effectiveness of our accounting and financial reporting processes and internal controls and the audits of our financial statements;


·

establishing and overseeing procedures for the receipt, retention and treatment of complaints received by us regarding accounting, internal accounting controls or auditing matters, including procedures for the confidential, anonymous submission by our employees regarding questionable accounting or auditing matters;


·

investigating any matter brought to its attention within the scope of its duties and engaging independent counsel and other advisors as the audit committee deems necessary;


·

determining compensation of the independent auditors and of advisors hired by the audit committee and ordinary administrative expenses;


·

reviewing and discussing with management and the independent auditor the annual and quarterly financial statements prior to their release;


·

monitoring and evaluating the independent auditor’s qualifications, performance and independence on an ongoing basis;


·

reviewing reports to management prepared by the internal audit function, as well as management’s response;


·

reviewing and assessing the adequacy of the formal written charter on an annual basis;


·

reviewing and approving related party transactions for potential conflict of interest situations on an ongoing basis; and overseeing such other matters that are specifically delegated to the audit committee by our board of directors from time to time.


The board of directors has no nominating or compensationaffirmatively determined that Mr. Guy Innes is designated as an “audit committee at this time.financial expert.”


Compensation Committee


Our compensation committee consists of two members, Mr.Guy Innes (Chair) and Dr. Habib Skaff, each of whom has been determined to be an independent director under the applicable rules of the NYSE MKT. The compensation committee is responsible for, among other things:


·

developing, reviewing, and approving our overall compensation programs, and regularly reporting to the full board of directors regarding the adoption of such programs;

·

developing, reviewing and approving our cash and equity incentive plans, including approving individual grants or awards thereunder;

·

reviewing and approving individual and company performance goals and objectives that may be relevant to the compensation of executive officers and other key employees;

·

reviewing and discussing with management the tables and narrative discussion regarding executive officer and director compensation to be included in the annual proxy statement;

·

reviewing and assessing, on an annual basis, the adequacy of the formal written charter; and overseeing such other matters that are specifically delegated to the compensation committee by our board of directors from time to time.



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Nominations and Governance Committee


Our nominations and governance committee consists of two members,Mr.Guy Innes (Chair) and Dr. Habib Skaff, each of whom has been determined to be an independent director under the applicable rules of the NYSE MKT. The nominations and governance committee is responsible for, among other things:


·

identifying and screening candidates for our board of directors, and recommending nominees for election as directors;

·

assessing, on an annual basis, the performance of the board of directors and any committee thereof;

·

reviewing the structure of the board’s committees and recommending to the board for its approval directors to serve as members of each committee, including each committee’s respective chair, if applicable;

·

reviewing and assessing, on an annual basis, the adequacy of the formal written charter on an annual basis; and generally advising our board of directors on corporate governance and related matters.


Science Executives


The following table sets forth the names and ages of our current Scientific Officers:Officers as of December 31, 2014:


Name

Age

Position with the Company

OfficerPosition

Officer/Director Since

Dr. Jacob Micallef

55

58

Chief Scientific Officer, Volition Rx

January 1, 2015

Chief Scientific Officer, Belgian Volition

October 6, 201111, 2010

Dr. Mark Eccleston

40

43

Chief Scientific Officer, HyperGenomics Pte Limited

October 6,

March 7, 2011


Scientific Advisory Board


The following table sets forth the names and ages of our current Scientific Advisory Board Members:


Name

Age

Position with the Company

Advisor Since

Dr. Alan Colman

62

Chairman of the Scientific Advisory Board

October 6, 2011

Dr. Robert Weinzierl

49

Scientific Advisory Board Member

October 6, 2011

Dr. Andreas Ladurner

40

Scientific Advisory Board Member

October 6, 2011

Dr. Habib Skaff

34

Scientific Advisory Board Member

October 6, 2011


Term of Office


Each director of the Company serves for a term of one year and until his or her successor is elected at the Company’s Annual Shareholders’Stockholders’ Meeting and is qualified, subject to removal by the Company’s shareholders.stockholders. Each officer serves for a term of one year and until his or her successor is elected at a meeting of the Board of Directors and is qualified.


Singapore Volition


The following table sets forth the names and ages of Singapore Volition’s directors and executive officers as of December 31, 2014.  The board of directors has no nominating or compensation committee at this time.


Name

Age

Position with Singapore Volition

Officer/Director

Since

Cameron Reynolds

44

Chief Executive Officer

August 5, 2010

Director

August 5, 2010

Rodney Rootsaert

43

Administration and Legal Officer

August 6, 2010

Dr. Martin Faulkes

71

Director

August 18, 2010

Executive Chairman

March 22, 2011

Guy Innes

58

Director

August 18, 2010

Dr. Alan Colman

66

Director

April 1, 2011


Malcolm Lewin resigned from the position of Chief Financial Officer on July 1, 2014


Belgian Volition


The following table sets forth the names and ages of Belgian Volition’s directors and executive officers as of December 31, 2014.  The board of directors has no nominating or compensation committee at this time.




Name

Age

Position with

the Belgian Volition

Officer/Director

Since

Cameron Reynolds

44

Director

Managing Director

October 27, 2010

January 18, 2012

Rodney Rootsaert

43

Secretary

October 4, 2010

Director

October 4, 2010

Dr. Martin Faulkes

71

Director

August 10, 2011

Dr. Jacob Micallef

58

Director

August 10, 2011


Malcolm Lewin resigned from the position of Director on July 1, 2014


HyperGenomics Pte Limited


The following table sets forth the names and ages of HyperGenomics Pte Limited’s directors and executive officers as of December 31, 2014.  The board of directors has no nominating or compensation committee at this time.


Name

Age

Position with

HyperGenomics Pte Limited

Officer/Director

Since

Cameron Reynolds

44

Chief Executive Officer

March 7, 2011

Director

March 7, 2011

Sarah Lee Hwee Hoon

39

Secretary

March 7, 2011

Director

March 7, 2011


Identification of Significant Employees


Cameron Reynolds and Rodney Rootsaert are engaged pursuant to employment agreements. The other officers of VolitionRx are engaged pursuant to consultancy agreements. We have no other full-time or part-time employees.


Our subsidiary, Singapore Volition, has two full-time employees and no part-time employees. The executive officers of Singapore Volition are engaged pursuant to consultancy agreements.


Our subsidiary, Belgian Volition, has six full-time employees and one part time employee. Belgian Volition engages its Chief Operating Officer, Gaetan Michel, pursuant to a consultancy agreement.


Our subsidiary, HyperGenomics Pte Limited, has no full-time or part-time employees. The executive officers of HyperGenomics Pte Limited are engaged pursuant to consultancy agreements.


Background and Business Experience


The business experience during the past five years of the person(s) presently listed abovedirectors and executive officers is as follows:


CAMERON REYNOLDS.  Cameron Reynolds has over 17 years serves as our President, Chief Executive Officer and Director of entrepreneurial executive experience in the mining and biotechnology sectors. He began his career in 1994 working for Southern China Group, where as regional manager he set up operations in Hong Kong and Yunnan. In 1996 he began working for Integrated Coffee Technologies, a genetically modified coffee company, in a junior management position, whereCompany. Prior to the Share Exchange Agreement he was responsible for business plan creation, office management, recruitment,Chief Executive Officer and business development. After working for Integrated Coffee Technologies, Mr. Reynolds served as the commercialization director for Probio, Inc.,Director of Singapore Volition, a company that commercialized intellectual property in the animal biotechnology fields including transgenisis and cloning research from the University of Hawaii. Mr. Reynoldsposition he held that role from 1998 until 2001, and his main responsibilities were managing all legal and contract issues with the University of Hawaii; implementing patenting strategy; managing all shareholder issues including the merger and its legal and contractual documentation; head office management; budgetary control; team building and recruitment.  Between 2002 and 2003, Mr. Reynolds undertook an MBA.since August 5, 2010. From 2004 until 2011, Mr. Reynolds founded and served as Managing Director and Director of Mining House Limited, where he was responsible for identifying potential mining projects, coordinating the preliminary evaluations and securing the financing with a view to listing the companies on AIM, TSX and US OTC. Mr. Reynolds furthered his education between 2002 and 2003 as he undertook an MBA. From 1998 until 2001, Mr. Reynolds served as the commercialization director for Probio, Inc., a company that commercialized intellectual property in the animal biotechnology fields including transgenisis and cloning research from the University of Hawaii. Mr. Reynolds main responsibilities were managing all legal and contract issues with the University of Hawaii; implementing patenting strategy; managing all stockholder issues including the merger and its legal and contractual documentation; head office management; budgetary control; team building and recruitment. Furthermore, Mr. Reynolds held a junior management position in 1996 at Integrated Coffee Technologies, a genetically modified coffee company where he was responsible for business plan creation, office management, recruitment, and business development. Starting in 1994, Mr. Reynolds was working for Southern China Group, where as regional manager he set up operations in Hong Kong and Yunnan. From 2005 until present, Mr. Reynolds has held a number of board Directorshipsdirectorships including Atlantic Mining PLC; Carbon Mining PLC, Magellan Copper and Gold (Carbon Mining and MCG were both became part of Solfotara Mining and Copper Development Corp on AIM, CDC.L after a vend)Corp.); KAL Energy Inc. (KALG, OTC), Iofina Natural Gas PLC (IOF, AIM); Canyon Copper Corp. (TSX.V: CNC, , OTCBB: CNYC), and Hunter Bay Resources (HBY, TSX-V). The Board of Directors appointedbelieves Mr. Reynolds as President, Chief Executive Officer and Director ofbrings to the Company due to his strong experience in management, structuring and strategic planning of start-up companies.companies based on his over 20 years of entrepreneurial executive experience in the mining and biotechnology sectors.



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MALCOLM LEWINMIKE O’CONNELL.  Malcolm Lewin is the Company’s serves as our Chief Financial Officer and Treasurer. He has a strong background inMr. O’Connell set up his own consultancy to support investors and fast growing technology businesses – Isosceles Finance Limited (“Isosceles”), by providing finance and accounting both for publicinfrastructure, CFO and privatecorporate advisory services. Isosceles has worked with some of the fastest growing businesses in the UK and North America such as Metapack and InsightSoftware.com as well as with publicly quoted businesses such as Digital Barriers Plc and Nomad Digital Plc in the UK. Prior to Isosceles, Mr. O’Connell started to work in the field of growing technology companies alike. Mr Lewinwhere he became CFO of the UK based systems integrator Pacific Group Plc. Mr. O’Connell is a qualified as a chartered accountant having trained with CoopersErnst & LybrandYoung in 1976. From 1989 to 2000, Mr. Lewin was a partner of Mercer Lewin, a chartered accounting firm. From 2000 until present, Mr. Lewin has acted for various companies listed on AIM and the TSX-V. In particular, Mr. Lewin acted as the finance director of OMG plc (AIM: OMG), a supplier of motion capture and visual geometry systems, from April 2000 to June 2003. In June 2004, Mr. Lewin was appointed as the finance director of Real Estate Investors Plc (AIM: REI), a property investment company with interests in quality commercial and industrial properties throughout the United Kingdom, and held this position until August 2006. In September 2006, Mr. Lewin was appointed a Director and Chief Financial Officer of Hunter Bay Minerals Plc (TSX-V:HBY), a junior mining company with interests in South America and Canada, and held this position until June 2011.TheLondon. The Board of Directors believes that Mr. Lewin’sO’Connell brings financial and accounting knowledge would be a valuable asset to the Company.


RODNEY GERARD ROOTSAERT.  ROOTSAERTRodney serves as our Secretary. Prior to the Share Exchange Agreement, he was the Administration and Legal Officer of Singapore Volition, a position he held since August 6, 2010. Mr. Rootsaert has over six yearsconcurrently serves as director and corporate secretary of experience in providing corporate, legal and administrative services to start-up companies through Mining House Ltd., of which Mr. Rootsaertpositions he has been a directorhad since 2007. His responsibilities include ensuring compliance with all relevant statutory and regulatory requirements. From 2007 until 2011, Mr. Rootsaert has served as corporate secretary for several junior mining companies. He was the corporate secretary for Magellan Copper and Gold Plc., from 2007 until 2011, where his duties included maintaining and preparing company documents, accounts and contracts. He also served as corporate secretary for Delta Pacific Mining Plc., from 2007 until present, where he was responsible for ensuring compliance with all relevant statutory and regulatory requirements. Due to Mr. Rootsaert’s nine years of experience in providing corporate, legal backgroundand administrative services and prior roles as a corporate secretary for small public companies, the Board of Directors believedbelieves that he would beis a greatvaluable addition to our team.


JASON TERRELL MD serves a Chief Medical Officer and Head of US Operations. Dr. Terrell currently owns and operates multiple diagnostic laboratories in Texas within the Company.Any Lab Test Now franchise, a direct access lab testing company, and has also served as a National Franchise Corporate Medical Director for Any Lab Test Now, giving him oversight of over 70 franchises in 14 states. He has served on the Board of CDEX Inc., a US listed company developing drug validation technology, since 2013 and as Medical Director of CDEX Inc. since 2011. Dr. Terrell was educated at Hardin-Simmons University (Biochemistry), where he graduated Summa cum Laude, receiving the Holland Medal of Honor as the top graduate in the School of Science and Mathematics. He then attended the University of Texas at Houston Medical School and affiliate MD Anderson Cancer Center (Doctor of Medicine). He undertook his General Medicine Internship, and Anatomic and Clinical Pathology residency at Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center. Dr Terrell holds medical licenses in 14 states across the United States. Our Board of Directors has concluded that Dr. Terrell brings value to the Company with his strong grounding in both medicine and more specifically in diagnostics.


DR. MARTIN FAULKES.  FAULKESDr. Martin Faulkes has over 30 years serves as Executive Chairman of entrepreneurial and managerial experience as the founder and CEOBoard of several software companies withinDirectors. Prior to the United Kingdom and the United States.  From 1979 to 1984,Share Exchange Agreement, Dr. Faulkes was the Founder, Presidentserved as a Director of Singapore Volition since August 18, 2010 and CEO for Logica Inc., a company providing bespoke software to all industries but mainly banks and communications companies. Dr. Faulkes was responsible for all aspectsas Executive Chairman of the business; namely sales, finance, recruitment,staff management and project control. He then became Managing DirectorBoard of System Programming Ltd., a company that provides computer programming for systems in business like airlines, utility companies, banks, and insurance, from 1985 to 1987, where he was responsible for all aspectsDirectors of the business. Dr. Faulkes founded Triad Plc., a computer software development company that provides systems and consultants to the business community, where he was a director from 1987 to 1998, responsible for controlling the company financially.Singapore Volition since March 22, 2011. From 1998 until the present day, Dr. Faulkes has focused on charitable activities, as the Founder and Sole Benefactor of the Dill Faulkes Educational Trust, a UK registered charity, where he is Chairman. He also sits on the Board of the Cambridge 800th Anniversary Campaign in the UK. In lightPrior to Dr. Faulkes charitable activities he founded Triad Plc., a computer software development company that provides systems and consultants to the business community, where he was a director from 1987 to 1998, responsible for controlling the company financially. From 1985 to 1987 he became Managing Director of System Programming Ltd., a company that provides computer programming for systems in businesses like airlines, utility companies, banks, and insurance, where he was responsible for all aspects of the business. Prior to System Programming Ltd., Dr. Faulkes’ pastFaulkes served from 1979 to 1984 as Founder, President and CEO for Logica Inc., a company providing bespoke software to all industries but mainly banks and communications companies. Dr. Faulkes was responsible for all aspects of the business; namely sales, finance, recruitment, staff management and project control. Dr. Faulkes has over 30 years of entrepreneurial and managerial experience as the founder and CEO of several software companies within the United Kingdom and the United States. The Board of Directors believes that Dr. Faulkes is qualified to serve as a director of the Company based on his extensive experience in business development Dr. Faulkes was appointed as a Director to the Company.






and management.


DR. SATU VAINIKKA.  GUY INNESDr. Satu Vainikka has serves as a strong background inDirector. Prior to the biotechnology industry, technology commercialization, equity financing, and business management. Dr. Vainikka undertook a PhD in molecular biology and oncology at the University of Helsinki from 1992 until 1996. From 1996 until 1999, she undertook post-doctoral research at the Imperial Cancer Research Fund (now CRUK) where she gained many years of research experience in the field of oncology, working in the area of signal transduction pathways. In 1999 she undertook an MBA and from 2000 until 2003 she founded, then was Chief Scientific Officer of, Gene Expression Technologies Limited.  In 2004, Dr. Vainikka founded the London based biotechnology company, Cronos Therapeutics, serving as its Chief Executive Officer from 2004 until 2006.  In 2006 she became CEO of ValiRx, a company listed on the UK AIM, where she led a number of secondary funding rounds for the company on the market and raised several rounds of private equity funding.  Dr. Vainikka remains CEO and Director of ValiRx. Due to Dr. Vainikka’s specialized experience in the fields of biotechnology, oncology and molecular biology, she was appointedShare Exchange Agreement, Mr. Innes served as a Director of the Company.


GUY ARCHIBALD INNES.  Guy Archibald Innes isSingapore Volition, a Chartered Accountant and a member of the Institute of Chartered Accountants in England and Wales.position he held since August 18, 2010. Mr. Innes has extensive experience in financing and managing technology companies, which he gained from servingserved as a non-executive director on the board of companies such as ProBio Inc.Carbon Mining Plc. from 20002007 to 2006,2010, Magellan Copper & Gold Plc. from 2007 to 2010, and Carbon Mining Plc.ProBio Inc. from 20072000 to 2010. Prior to holding these directorships,2006. As a non-executive director, Mr. Innes was responsible for the development of corporate strategy and the implementation of financial controls and risk management systems. Mr. Innes had a long career in banking and private equity, including advisory roles with Baring Brothers & Co. Limited in London and Paris from 1984 to 1995, where he was involved in executing and advising on national and international mergers & acquisitions, but also IPOs and capital raising; Baring Private Equity Partners Limited in London and Singapore from 1995 to 1997, where he was involved in the setting up, recruiting of managers and capital raising for an Asian media and communications private equity fund; and Quartz Capital Partners Limited from 1997 to 2000, where Mr. Innes served as Head of Corporate Finance and was responsible for managing the corporate finance department and leading the transactions undertaken by Quartz including IPOs, private placements and mergers and acquisitions.  Theacquisitions; Baring Private Equity Partners Limited in London and Singapore from 1995 to 1997, where he was involved in the setting up, recruiting of managers and capital raising for an Asian media and communications private equity fund; and Baring Brothers & Co. Limited in London and Paris from 1984 to 1995, where he was involved in executing and advising on national and international mergers & acquisitions, but also IPOs and capital raising. Mr. Innes is a Chartered Accountant and a member of the Institute of Chartered Accountants in England and Wales. Mr. Innes has extensive experience in financing and managing technology companies. Our Board of Directors of the Company believedbelieves Mr. Innes’ technical, financial and managerial background would be beneficial to the growth of the Company.our growth.



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DR. ALAN COLMAN.  COLMAN serves as a Director.  Prior to the Share Exchange Agreement, Dr. Alan Colman has extensive experience inserved as a Director of Singapore Volition since April 1, 2011 and as Chairman of the molecular biology field where he has worked inScientific Advisory Board of Singapore Volition since April 5, 2011.  Dr. Colman received a BA (1971), MA (1975) and PhD (1975) from Oxford University. Dr.  Colman is currently a Visiting Scholar at the productionHarvard University Department of transgenic livestock, somatic nuclear transfer,Stem Cell and human disease models. After a successful university career inRegenerative Biology. From 2007 to 2013 Dr. Colman served as the UniversitiesExecutive Director of Oxford, Cambridge, Warwick and Birmingham (where hethe Singapore Stem Cell Consortium.  Concurrently, Dr. Colman was Professor of Biochemistry), DrRegenerative Medicine at King’s College, London, UK, from 2008 to 2009.  Prior to joining the A*STAR Singapore Stem Cell Consortium, Dr. Colman went into industry. Fromwas Chief Scientific Officer and then CEO for the late 1980’s untilSingaporean human embryonic stem cell company, ES Cell International from 2002 to 2007.  Dr. Colman was the research director of the company PPL Therapeutics in Edinburgh, UK, from the late 1980s until 2002, where he was responsible for leading PPL’s research program strategy, also playing a role in PPL’s financing rounds, culminating in its listing on the London Stock Exchange.Exchange in 1996. This company attracted considerable media attention because of theirits participation in the technique of somatic nuclear transfer that led to the world’s first sheep cloned sheep,from an adult cell, Dolly, in 1996.  From 2002 to 2007, Dr.  Colman had a successful university career in the Universities of Oxford, Warwick, Birmingham (where he was Chief Scientific OfficerProfessor of Biochemistry) and then CEO for the Singaporean human embryonic stem cell company, ES Cell International. Dr. Colman is currently the Executive DirectorLondon (as mentioned above).  None of the Singapore Stem Cell Consortium,above companies or organizations is a position he has held since 2007.  From 2008 to 2009,parent, subsidiary or other Affiliate of the Company.  Dr. Colman was also concurrently Professor of Regenerative Medicine at King’s College, London, UK.  HisColman’s current interest is the development of human disease models using induced pluripotent stem cells.  He has extensive experience in the molecular biology field where he has worked in the production of transgenic livestock, somatic nuclear transfer, and human disease models.  The Board of Directors appointed Dr. Colman was appointed as a Director of the Company and a member of the Scientific Advisory Board on account of his work in biochemistry, stem cell research and pathology.


KEVIN JOHN ALEXANDER.  DR. JACOB MICALLEFKevin Alexander has over 25 yearsserves as Chief Scientific Officer of experienceThe Company and Chief Scientific Officer and Director of Belgian Volition. Prior to the Share Exchange Agreement he served as an attorney in both the United Kingdom and the United States, where he has focused his legal practice primarily in the area of corporate law.  He has worked for and was a partner in major law firms in London and in the United States, including Bracewell & Giuliani from 1989 to 1999 and Salans from 1999 to 2000.  Mr. Alexander was a founder and ChiefScience Executive Officer of GTL Resources Plc, an AIM-listed natural gas project company from 2000Belgian Volition since October 11, 2010, but was not otherwise involved with Singapore Volition. Dr. Micallef joined Cronos Therapeutics in 2004 and in 2006 Cronos was listed in the UK on AIM, becoming Valirx. Dr. Micallef continued to 2003,work as Technical Officer for Valirx, where he held ultimate responsibility forin-licensed the commercialHyperGenomics® and financial activitiesNucleosomics® technologies and co-founded ValiBio SA., which is now Belgian Volition SA, a subsidiary of Singapore Volition. From 2004 to 2007, he taught "science and enterprise" to science research workers from four universities at CASS Business School before joining Cronos. In 2001, Dr. Micallef co-founded Gene Expression Technologies, after getting his MBA in 1999, where he successfully led the development of the company, including obtaining credit approval from a syndicate of banks for a project financing of a $400m gas processing facility. Over the last seven years, Mr. Alexander has been a consultant and entrepreneur involved in forming and managing various businesses, both private and public, including ValiRx Plc in 2006.  Since 2006, Mr. Alexander has continued to serve as a director of ValiRx, where he is also responsible for somechemistry of the legalGeneICE technology and regulatory affairs of the company, overseeing some of the legal work on certain transactions undertaken by ValiRx. Due to Mr. Alexander’s strong legal background as well as his years of experience with small businesses and public companies, the Board of Directors felt that he would be a talented addition to the Company.







DR. JACOB MICALLEF.  Dr. Jacob Micallef has 20 years of experience in research and development and in the management of early stage biotechnical companies, includingimplemented the manufacture of biotechnology productsGeneICE molecules. He also played a major role in business development and the establishment of manufacturing operations.procured a GeneICE contract with Bayer Pharmaceuticals. Over a 15-year period, starting in 1985, Dr. Micallef gained this experience while workingworked for the World Health Organization (“WHO”) over a 10-year period from 1985.. While working for the WHO, Dr. Micallef developed new diagnostic products in the areas of reproductive health and cancer. In 1990 he commenced development of a new diagnostic technology platform for WHO which was launched in 1992 and supported 13 tests. Dr. Micallef also initiated and implemented in-house manufacture (previously outsourced to Abbott Diagnostics Inc)Inc.) and world-wide distribution of these products for WHO. InAlso in 1990, he started a “not-for-profit” WHO company, Immunometrics Ltd., which marketed and distributed those diagnostic products worldwide. In 1999 Dr. Jacob Micallef studied for an MBAhas 20 years of experience in research and went on to co-found Gene Expression Technologiesdevelopment and in 2001 where he successfully lead the developmentmanagement of the chemistry of the GeneICE technology and implementedearly stage biotechnical companies, including the manufacture of GeneICE molecules. He also played a major role in business developmentbiotechnology products and procured a GeneICE contract with Bayer Pharmaceuticals.  From 2004 to 2007, he taught "science and enterprise" to science research workers from four universities at CASS Business School before joining Cronos Therapeutics in 2004. In 2006 Cronos was listed in the UK on AIM, becoming ValiRx. Dr. Micallef continued to work as Technical Officer for ValiRx, where he in-licensed the Hypergenomics and Nucleosomics technologies and co-founded ValiBio SA., which is now Belgian Volition SA, a subsidiaryestablishment of Singapore Volition.manufacturing operations. The Board of Directors believed that Dr. Micallef’s prior work with Belgian Volition in the development of diagnostic products would continue to be an asset to the Companyus in his role as Chief Scientific Officer of the Company’sour subsidiary, Belgian Volition.


DR. MARK ECCLESTON.  ECCLESTON serves as Chief Scientific Officer of Hypergenomics Pte Limited. Prior to the Share Exchange Agreement Dr. Mark Eccleston isserved as a biotechnology entrepreneurScience Executive Officer of HyperGenomics Pte Limited since March 7, 2011, but was not otherwise involved with over 18 years of experience in the sector, both in academiaSingapore Volition. In 2010, Dr. Eccleston founded OncoLytika, which focuses on opportunity recognition and in industry.product/process innovation within start-ups as well as established companies, where his main responsibilities are advising companies on business development and preclinical project management. From 2008 to 2009, Dr. Eccleston held a program management position at ValiRxValirx Plc., where he ran multiple epigenetics-based diagnostic and therapeutics programs. Dr. Eccleston has also held various other roles in business and industry including: Chief Scientific Officer from 2005 to 2008 as consultant to Cambridge Applied Polymers, where he devised and managed multiple high value consultancy projects for clients including Cadburys, Kellogg’s, Reckitt Benckiser, Proctor and Gamble, and Umbro as well as a Spanish company specializing in non-woven (polymeric) fabric, Tesalca; and CEO of Vivamer Ltd. in 2002, a company spun out from Cambridge University where he was responsible for commercialization of drug delivery and imaging technologies based on extensive work in this area during his academic career;career. Mr. Eccleston is a biotechnology entrepreneur with over 18 years of experience in the sector, both in academia and Chief Scientific Officer then consultant to Cambridge Applied Polymers from 2005 to 2008, where he devised and managed multiple high value consultancy projects for clients including Cadburys, Kellogg’s, Reckitt Benckiser, Proctor and Gamble, and Umbro as well as a Spanish company specializing in non woven (polymeric) fabric, Tesalca. In 2010, Dr. Eccleston founded OncoLytika, which focuses on opportunity recognition and product/process innovation within start-ups as well as established companies, where his main responsibilities are advising companies on business development and preclinical project management.industry. In light of this and Dr. Eccleston’s past work in biotechnology, epigenetics and diagnostics, Dr. Eccleston was appointed as a Chief Scientific Officer of the Company’sour subsidiary HyperGenomics Pte Limited.



38



DR. ROBERT WEINZIERL.  HABIB SKAFFDr. Robert Weinzierl is a member of our Scientific Advisory Board. He is a Reader in Molecular Biology at Imperial College London, and is the inventor of the HyperGenomicsTM technology, that the Company is in the process of further developing.  Dr. Weinzierl joined Imperial College serves as a lecturer in 1994, where his key responsibilities were research and teaching, combined with various administrative tasks. He was promotedDirector. Prior to his current position 'Reader in Molecular Biology' in 2009.the Share Exchange Agreement, Dr. Weinzierl heads a research group focusing on gene expression mechanisms, with special emphasis on the structure and function of the basal transcriptional machinery. Dr. Weinzierl began his PhD in 1983 at the European Molecular Biology Laboratory and completed it at the University of Cambridge (Akam/White Laboratories). The focus of his PhD project was the function of homeotic genes (especially Ultrabithorax) during embryonic development, and he completed his thesis in 1988. He went on to spend four yearsSkaff served as a postdoc at UC Berkeley (Tjian Laboratory). Dr. Weinzierl’s research efforts focused on the structure and function of the basal transcriptional machineries in archaea and eukaryotes, with a special emphasis on the molecular mechanisms of RNA polymerases. In 2011, Dr. Weinzierl’s laboratory at Imperial College successfully developed a range of novel methods in the field of gene expression, including in vitro assembly of protein complexes from recombinant subunits and implementation of robotic methods for high-throughput molecular biology. As the inventor of the HyperGenomicsTM technology, Dr. Weinzierl’s appointment to the Scientific Advisory Board Member of the Company is pivotal to the further development of the Company’s HyperGenomicsTM products.


DR. ANDREAS LADURNER.  Dr. Andreas Ladurner has a strong educational backgroundSingapore Volition between April 4, 2011 and years of laboratory experience in the fields of biochemistry, biology, cancer research, genomics and several others.  Whilst awaiting the award of his doctorate from the University of Cambridge between 1998 and 2000, Dr. Ladurner was awarded the Wellcome Trust International Traveling Prize research fellowship.  He was appointed Research Associate at the Howard Hughes Medical Institute at the University of California Berkeley, from 2000 until 2002, then was an editor at Nature Publishing Group in New York, from 2002 until 2003.  Dr. Ladurner was named group leader in the Genome Biology Unit of the European Molecular Biology Laboratory in Heidelberg in 2003, where he undertook scientific research in the area of novel epigenetic and stress-mediated signaling networks in human cells. During this period, he discovered the histone variant technology, which is an integral part of the NucleosomicsTM products which the Company is in the process of developing.  In 2010, Dr. Ladurner was named Chair of Physiological Chemistry in the Faculty of Medicine at the University of Munich, and continues his work at EMBL as a visiting member.  Dr. Ladurner’s extensive laboratory work in nucleosome research and genomics will make him a valuable member of the Scientific Advisory Board.







DR. HABIB SKAFF.  Dr. Habib Skaff is a synthetic chemist specializing in the area of nanotechnology; his doctoral studies focused on the design of organic and polymeric ligands for the encapsulation of semiconductor nanoparticles and modification of the physical, optical, electronic, and assembly properties of the nanoparticles. Since 2001,May 31, 2014. Dr. Skaff has co-authored 11 peer-reviewed scientific papers and is a co-inventor on 18 pending or issued patents in the fields of chemistry, nanotechnology, and biotechnology. He co-founded Intezyne Technologies in 2004 and serves as that company’s Chief Executive Officer, where he is responsible for establishing and implementing strategic planning for the future. Dr. Skaff works closely with the Chief Scientific Officer to develop and implement Intezyne’s IPintellectual property strategy as well as establish alliances with potential partners. He also leads Intezyne’s fundraising through debt and equity financing and works closely with the CFO in this capacity. He is also President and Chairman of the Board of Directors of Intezyne. Dr. Skaff has servedcurrently serves as the Chairman of Skaff Corporation of America, a position he has had since 1999, where he1999. He guides strategic planning but is not involved in day-to-day operations. In addition, since 2001, Dr. Skaff was appointed to servehas co-authored 11 peer-reviewed scientific papers and is a co-inventor on 18 pending or issued patents in the fields of chemistry, nanotechnology, and biotechnology. Dr. Skaff works as a membersynthetic chemist specializing in the area of nanotechnology; his doctoral studies focused on the design of organic and polymeric ligands for the encapsulation of semiconductor nanoparticles and modification of the Scientific Advisory Board becausephysical, optical, electronic, and assembly properties of the nanoparticles. Due to his extensive scholarly work and inventions in the fields of chemistry and biotechnology.biotechnology, the Board of Directors feels he is a valuable asset to the Company.


IdentificationSARAH LEE HWEE HOON.  Sarah Lee Hwee Hoon has more than ten years’ experience in corporate accounting and the provision of Significant Employees


Our subsidiary, Singapore Volition, has one employee, Charlotte McCubbin, Communications Manager, whose responsibilities include all communications, such asaudit, taxation, finance and corporate secretarial services.  Ms. Lee graduated from the Company’s websiteAssociation of Accounting Technicians (Singapore) in 1996 and news releases, as well as the Company’s branding and visual communications.


CHARLOTTE MCCUBBIN. After graduating from the University of Edinburgh in 2007Bedfordshire with a Bachelor (Honors) Degree in Accounting in 2010.  From 2007 to 2012, Ms. Lee has served as company secretary and regional accountant of Laws with joint honors in Law and Politics, Miss McCubbin undertook internships at two public affairs/lobbying agencies in London: AS Biss (Now M:Communications) and Bell Pottinger Public Affairs;PB Commodities Pte Ltd (“PB Commodities”) where her responsibilities includedduties include providing administrative services, maintaining and preparing company accounts and ensuring compliance with all Singaporean regulatory requirements under the preparation of briefing notes for clients on a range of topics, mediaCompanies Act and political monitoring,Singapore Finance Reporting Standards. Through PB Commodities, Ms. Lee also provides administrative, accounting and stakeholder identification and mapping. From 2008 until 2009 she was an Account Executive at PR consultancy Kysen PR, during which time she completed a Diplomacorporate secretarial services to several other junior mining companies in Marketing withSingapore.   Prior to the Chartered Institute of Marketing. At Kysen her key responsibilities included achieving editorial placement for clients in national, trade and broadcast publications, as well as preparing press releases and arranging journalist briefings. In 2010Share Exchange Agreement, Miss McCubbin worked as a Public Relations Executive for the international law firm White & Case LLP, where she was responsible for the Firm's European PR program, working with both the UK press and Enlish-speaking press throughout the EMEA region, managing day-to-day press enquiries as well as generating press coverage via press releases and thought-leadership interviews and articles. Miss McCubbin joined Volition at the end of 2010.


Our subsidiary, Belgian Volition, has four employees: Managing Director Patrick Rousseau, and three laboratory technicians.


PATRICK ROUSSEAU.  Mr. Rousseau was Managing Director of ValiBio SA (now Belgian Volition) from 2007 until 2010, when he retained that role following ValiBio’s sale to Singapore Volition.  From 1983 until 1986, Mr. Rousseau was responsible for the management of public funding for industrial applied research (25+M annually) as Deputy Head of Cabinet with the Walloon Region State Secretary for New Technologies and SMEs.  From 1986 until 1989 he was a venture capital adviser for Belgian GBL Group; then a member of venture capital fund investment boards for Soginnove in France and Ventana in USA from 1986 until 1992. From 1983 until 1990, Mr. Rousseau alsoLee served as a memberSecretary and Director of the Supervisory Board of CGER (Belgium’s largest Public Saving Bank, now part of BNP Paribas Fortis).  Between 1998Hypergenomics Pte. Limited since March 7, 2011 but was not otherwise involved with Singapore Volition.   She was appointed to these positions due to her past accounting and 2004, Mr. Rousseau held an investment adviser role to NBI Capital/Alpinvest, a Dutch venture and development fund, making on its behalf more than 20 successful direct investments in life sciences companies in Europe and the U.S. from start-up to public.  From 1989 until 2010, Mr. Rousseau acted as a corporate adviser and consultant to various companies, undertaking activities such as raising 3.5M for the development of a Belgian diagnostic subsidiary of a French company (RNTECH). Mr. Rousseau also acts as an expert adviser to the French OSEO (formerly ANVAR) applied research funding agency on over 50 industrial research & development projects, a position he has held since 1998.  Since 2000, he has also acted as an expert evaluator and negotiator for EU funding programs. Mr. Rousseau has also acted as board member of various businesses in Europe, U.S. and Canada (from direct mail to pharmaceutical product trading) from 1986 until present.experience


DR MARIELLE HERZOG. Dr. Marielle Herzog has seven years of experience in epigenetics academic research. During a four year period from 2003 to 2007, Dr. Herzog performed her PhD thesis at the Institute of Genetics and Molecular and Cellular Biology (IGBMC), Strasbourg, France, one of the leading European centers of biomedical research. Her work, conducted in the laboratory of Epigenome plasticity, under the supervision of Dr. R. Losson, concerned the role of the interaction between a transcriptional cofactor (TIF1b) and the heterochromatin protein 1 defined by knock-in mutation in a cellular model and in mice. In 2008, Dr. Herzog joined the laboratory of Cancer Epigenetics of Dr. F. Fuchs at the Faculty of Medicine, Free University of Brussels, as a researcher, where she managed different projects based on the study of epigenetics modifications (methylated DNA, post-translational histone modifications) and epigenetics enzymes in different cellular context. Her work led to publications in international scientific journals and to her participation at several international congresses. Dr. Herzog joined Belgian Volition in May 2011.







MURIEL CHAPELIER. Muriel Chapelier has seventeen years experience in fundamental research and development, as research associate. Mrs. Chapelier gained her experience first in a fundamental Research Laboratory at the University Hospital of Sart-Tilman (Liège), over an eight year period from 1994 until 2002 where she worked in a leukemia screening project and in fundamental research project, in PhD collaboration, using molecular biology technics. The laboratory is now a competence center for leukemia screening and she was included in publications of the PhD. In 2002, Mrs. Chapelier started working within Eppendorf Array Technologies in Namur, for the development of gene expression and protein microarrays and other new technologies. Some gene expression kits were launched on the market and a Signal Chip Human Cytokine kit was in validation during her tenure. In September 2007, Mrs. Chapelier went to Antwerp to undertake a degree in tropical medicine and international health, at the Institute of Tropical Medicine. She returned to Eppendorf in 2008 to continue the development of microarrays. She joined Belgian Volition in May 2011.


KATTY SCOUBEAU.Katty Scoubeau is a research technician for Belgian Volition. Mrs. Scoubeau graduated in chemistry and biotechnology in 1994 from the UCL Institute Paul Lambin. From 2003 until 2007, Mrs. Scoubeau taught science and mathematics at a secondary school. In 2007, she undertook training in biotechnology in the association in vivo in Nivelles. From 2010 until 2011, Mrs. Scoubeau was committed to the medical faculty of the University of Namur as a lab technician in the unit of physiological biochemistry, where she participated in the preparation of student assignments and research. She joined Belgian Volition in August 2011.


Family Relationship


We currently do not have any officers or directors of our Company who are related to each other.


Involvement in Certain Legal Proceedings


During the past ten years no director, executive officer, promoter or control person of the CompanyVolitionRx, Singapore Volition or its subsidiaries, has been involved in the following:


(1)

A petition under the Federal bankruptcy laws or any state insolvency law which was filed by or against, or a receiver, fiscal agent or similar officer was appointed by a court for the business or property of such person, or any partnership in which he was a general partner at or within two years before the time of such filing, or any corporation or business association of which he was an executive officer at or within two years before the time of such filing;


(2)

Such person was convicted in a criminal proceeding or is a named subject of a pending criminal proceeding (excluding traffic violations and other minor offenses);


(3)

Such person was the subject of any order, judgment, or decree, not subsequently reversed, suspended or vacated, of any court of competent jurisdiction, permanently or temporarily enjoining him from, or otherwise limiting, the following activities:


i.

Acting as a futures commission merchant, introducing broker, commodity trading advisor, commodity pool operator, floor broker, leverage transaction merchant, any other person regulated by the Commodity Futures Trading Commission, or an associated person of any of the foregoing, or as an investment adviser, underwriter, broker or dealer in securities, or as an affiliated person, director or employee of any investment company, bank, savings and loan association or insurance company, or engaging in or continuing any conduct or practice in connection with such activity;


ii.

Engaging in any type of business practice; or


iii.

Engaging in any activity in connection with the purchase or sale of any security or commodity or in connection with any violation of Federal or State securities laws or Federal commodities laws;


(4)

Such person was the subject of any order, judgment or decree, not subsequently reversed, suspended or vacated, of any Federal or State authority barring, suspending or otherwise limiting for more than 60 days the right of such person to engage in any activity described in paragraph (f)(3)(i) of this section,above, or to be associated with persons engaged in any such activity;




(5)

Such person was found by a court of competent jurisdiction in a civil action or by the Commission to have violated any Federal or State securities law, and the judgment in such civil action or finding by the Commission has not been subsequently reversed, suspended, or vacated;


(6)

Such person was found by a court of competent jurisdiction in a civil action or by the Commodity Futures Trading Commission to have violated any Federal commodities law, and the judgment in such civil action or finding by the Commodity Futures Trading Commission has not been subsequently reversed, suspended or vacated;






(7)

Such person was the subject of, or a party to, any Federal or State judicial or administrative order, judgment, decree, or finding, not subsequently reversed, suspended or vacated, relating to an alleged violation of:


i.

Any Federal or State securities or commodities law or regulation; or

ii.

Any law or regulation respecting financial institutions or insurance companies including, but not limited to, a temporary or permanent injunction, order of disgorgement or restitution, civil money penalty or temporary or permanent cease-and-desist order, or removal or prohibition order; or

iii.

Any law or regulation prohibiting mail or wire fraud or fraud in connection with any business entity; or


(8)

Such person was the subject of, or a party to, any sanction or order, not subsequently reversed, suspended or vacated, of any self-regulatory organization (as defined in Section 3(a)(26) of the Exchange Act (15 U.S.C. 78c(a)(26))), any registered entity (as defined in Section 1(a)(29) of the Commodity Exchange Act (7 U.S.C. 1(a)(29))), or any equivalent exchange, association, entity or organization that has disciplinary authority over its members or persons associated with a member.


Audit Committee and Audit Committee Financial Expert


The Company does not have an audit committee or an audit committee financial expert (as defined in Item 407 of Regulation S-K) serving on its Board of Directors. All current members of the Board of Directors lack sufficient financial expertise for overseeing financial reporting responsibilities.  The Company has not yet employed an audit committee financial expert on its Board due to the inability to attract such a person.


The Company intends to establish an audit committee of the board of directors, which will consist of independent directors. The audit committee’s duties will be to recommend to the Company’s board of directors the engagement of an independent registered public accounting firm to audit the Company’s financial statements and to review the Company’s accounting and auditing principles. The audit committee will review the scope, timing and fees for the annual audit and the results of audit examinations performed by the internal auditors and independent registered public accounting firm, including their recommendations to improve the system of accounting and internal controls. The audit committee will at all times be composed exclusively of directors who are, in the opinion of the Company’s board of directors, free from any relationship which would interfere with the exercise of independent judgment as a committee member and who possess an understanding of financial statements and generally accepted accounting principles.


Code of Ethics


We have adopted a Code of Ethics, (the “Code”)or the Code, that applies to our directors, officers and employees, including our chief executive officerChief Executive Officer and chief financial officer.Chief Financial Officer. A written copy of the Code is available on written request to the Company.our Company website at http://ir.volitionrx.com/.


Compliance with Section 16(a) of the Exchange Act


Section 16(a) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 requires our directors and executive officers and persons who beneficially own more than ten percent of a registered class of our equity securities to file with the SEC initial reports of ownership and reports of change in ownership of our common stock and other equity securities of the Company.securities. Officers, directors and greater than ten percent stockholders are required by SEC regulations to furnish us with copies of all Section 16(a) forms they file. Based solely upon a review of Forms 3 and 4 and amendments thereto furnished to us under Rule 16a-3(e) during the year ended AugustDecember 31, 2011,2014, Forms 5 and any amendments thereto furnished to us with respect to the year ended AugustDecember 31, 2011,2014, and the representations made by the reporting persons to us, we believe that during the year ended AugustDecember 31, 2011,2014, our executive officers and directors and all persons who own more than ten percent of a registered class of our equity securities have complied with all Section 16(a) filing requirements.







ITEM 11. EXECUTIVE COMPENSATION


Summary Compensation Table


The following table sets forth the compensation paid to our executive officers, and those of Singapore Volition and its subsidiaries for the fiscal years ended December 31, 2014 and 2013. Unless otherwise specified, the term of each executive officer is that as at August 31, 2011set forth under that section entitled, “Directors, Executive Officers, Promoters and 2010: Control Persons -- Term of Office”.


 

Year Ended December

Salary

Bonus

Stock Awards

Option Awards

Non-Equity Incentive Plan Compensation

Nonqualified Deferred Compensation Earnings

All Other Compensation

Total

Name and Principal Position

31,

($)

($)

($)

($)(1)

($)

($)

($)

($)

Cameron Reynolds(2)

2013

-0-

-0-

-0-

31,314

-0-

-0-

132,000

163,314

President, CEO and Director of the Company; CEO and Director of Singapore Volition; Managing Director of Belgian Volition; and CEO and Director of HyperGenomics Pte Limited

2014

-0-

-0-

-0-

99,427

-0-

-0-

141,900

241,327

Dr Jacob Micallef(3)

2013

-0-

-0-

-0-

31,314

-0-

-0-

102,470

133,784

Chief Scientific Officer and Director of Belgian Volition

2014

-0-

-0-

-0-

126,293

-0-

-0-

150,826

277,119

Dr Mark Eccleston(4)

2013

-0-

-0-

-0-

31,314

-0-

-0-

100,457

131,771

Chief Scientific Officer of HyperGenomics Pte Limited

2014

-0-

-0-

-0-

126,293

-0-

-0-

126,472

252,765

Malcolm Lewin(5)

2013

-0-

-0-

-0-

15,658

-0-

-0-

78,000

93,658

Former CFO and Treasurer of the Company, CFO of Singapore Volition and Director of Belgian Volition

2014

-0-

-0-

-0-

(5,816)

-0-

-0-

48,100

42,284

Rodney Rootsaert(6)

2013

-0-

-0-

-0-

15,658

-0-

-0-

85,600

101,258

Secretary of the Company, Administration and Legal Officer of Singapore Volition and Secretary and Director of Belgian Volition

2014

-0-

-0-

-0-

58,669

-0-

-0-

84,338

143,007

Jason Terrell(7)

2013

-0-

-0-

-0-

198,560

-0-

-0-

-0-

198,560

Chief Medical Officer and

2014

-0-

-0-

-0-

263,003

-0-

-0-

-0-

263,003

Head of US Operations

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Sarah Lee Hwee Hoon(8)

2013

0

0

0

6,263

0

0

66,000

72,263

Director of HyperGenomics Pte Limited

2014

0

0

0

19,885

0

0

70,950

90,835

Mike O’Connell(9)

2013

-0-

-0-

-0-

-0-

-0-

-0-

-0-

-0-

CFO and Treasurer of the Company

2014

-0-

-0-

-0-

32,632

-0-

-0-

107,559

140,191





(1)

All Option and Warrant Awards have been calculated based upon the aggregate grant date fair value computed in accordance with FASB ASC Topic 718.


Summary Compensation Table(2)

Name and

Principal Position

Year

Ended

8/31




Salary

($)

Bonus

($)

Stock

Awards

($)

Option

Awards

($)

Non-Equity

Incentive

Plan

Compensation

($)

Nonqualified

Deferred

Compensation

Earnings

($)

All Other Compensation

($)

Total

($)

Alexander Magallano

Former President, CEO and Director

2011

-0-

-0-

-0-

-0-

-0-

-0-

-0-

-0-

2010

-0-

-0-

-0-

-0-

-0-

-0-

-0-

-0-

B. Gordon Brooke

Former CAO, CFO and Director

2011

-0-

-0-

-0-

-0-

-0-

-0-

-0-

-0-

2010

-0-

-0-

-0-

-0-

-0-

-0-

-0-

-0-

Rudy Beloy Perez

Former Secretary and Treasurer

2011

-0-

-0-

-0-

-0-

-0-

-0-

-0-

-0-

2010

-0-

-0-

-0-

-0-

-0-

-0-

-0-

-0-

Cameron Reynolds is currently the President, Chief Executive Officer and a Director of VolitionRx, the Chief Executive Officer and a Director of Singapore Volition, the Managing Director of Belgian Volition and the CEO and a Director of HyperGenomics Pte Limited.


Cameron Reynolds receives compensation pursuant to an agreement, or the Reynolds Consulting Agreement, dated August 6, 2010, entered into by and between Singapore Volition and PB Commodities Pte Limited, or PB Commodities. The Reynolds Consulting Agreement provides office space, office support staff, and consultancy services to Singapore Volition for the structuring, management, fundraising and development and implementation of its business plan. The term of the Reynolds Consulting Agreement is twelve months, commencing on September 1, 2010, with automatic extensions of twelve months and a three month notice required for termination of the Reynolds Consulting Agreement. As part of the Reynolds Consulting Agreement, Singapore Volition shall pay consultancy fees each month to PB Commodities for the services of Cameron Reynolds (see the following paragraph regarding Mr. Reynolds’ Employment Agreement with PB Commodities). For the years ended December 31, 2014 and 2013, PB Commodities received $141,900 and $132,000, respectively, from Singapore Volition for the services of Mr. Reynolds, pursuant to the Reynolds Consulting Agreement. The foregoing description of the Reynolds Consulting Agreement does not purport to summarize all terms and conditions thereof and is qualified in its entirety by reference to Exhibit 10.05.


Cameron Reynolds receives compensation from PB Commodities, as described in the previous paragraph, pursuant to an Employment Agreement, or the Reynolds Employment Agreement, dated September 4, 2010, in exchange for serving as an executive officer of PB Commodities and performing consulting services on its behalf. The term of the Reynolds Employment Agreement is twelve (12) months, which shall be automatically extended for additional terms of twelve (12) months. Under the Reynolds Employment Agreement, Mr. Reynolds only performs consulting services to Singapore Volition (see previous paragraph). In exchange for these services, Mr. Reynolds received $8,000 per month (which increased to $8,800 on April 1, 2014) from PB Commodities. For the years ended December 31, 2014 and 2013, Mr. Reynolds received $141,900 and $132,000, respectively, pursuant to the Reynolds Employment Agreement. Between July 1, 2011 and March 31, 2014 Mr. Reynolds also received a housing allowance of $3,000 per month, which increased to $3,300 per month for the period from April 1, 2014 to December 31, 2014. For the years ended December 31, 2014 and 2013, Mr. Reynolds received $38,700 and $36,000, respectively, as a housing allowance which is included in the figures of $141,900 and $132,000 as compensation received by Mr. Reynolds for the years ended December 31, 2014 and 2013, respectively. The housing allowance ended on December 31, 2014. The foregoing description of the Reynolds Employment Agreement does not purport to summarize all terms and conditions thereof and is qualified in its entirety by reference to Exhibit 10.06.


Effective January 1, 2015, Mr. Reynolds entered into a Consultancy Agreement with PB Commodities, or the Reynolds Consultancy Agreement, which superseded the Reynolds Employment Agreement. Mr. Reynolds receives compensation from PB Commodities under the Reynolds Consultancy Agreement in exchange for serving as a consultant for PB Commodities and performing consultancy services on its behalf. The Reynolds Consultancy Agreement continues until terminated by either party providing not less than two months’ notice. In exchange for these services Mr. Reynolds receives $6,500 per month from PB Commodities. Commencing the month following the up-listing of the Company to the NYSE MKT or NASDAQ, this amount will increase to $8,000 per month. The foregoing description of the Reynolds Executive Employment Agreement does not purport to summarize all terms and conditions thereof and is qualified in its entirety by reference to Exhibit 10.25.


Cameron Reynolds receives compensation from VolitionRx pursuant to an Executive Employment Agreement, or the Reynolds Executive Employment Agreement, effective as of January 1, 2015, in exchange for serving as the Chief Executive Officer of VolitionRx. The term of the Reynolds Executive Employment Agreement is three (3) years, which shall be automatically extended for successive periods of two (2) years. In exchange for his services, Mr. Reynolds shall receive £4,500.00 GBP per month from VolitionRx. Commencing the month following the up-listing of the Company to the NYSE MKT or NASDAQ, this amount will increase to £10,000 GBP per month. Mr. Reynolds is also entitled to the use of a residential apartment in Namur, Belgium, as leased by the Company. The foregoing description of the Reynolds Executive Employment Agreement does not purport to summarize all terms and conditions thereof and is qualified in its entirety by reference to Exhibit 10.26.


On November 25, 2011, Cameron Reynolds was granted an option to purchase 120,000 shares of common stock of VolitionRx under the 2011 Equity Incentive Plan, or the Plan, dated November 17, 2011. On August 18, 2014, Mr. Reynolds was granted an option to purchase 100,000 shares of common stock of VolitionRx under the Plan. None of these options have been exercised. See note (10) below for a discussion of the terms of options granted under the Plan and the calculation of fair market value of options granted under the Plan.




(3)

Dr. Jacob Micallef is currently the Chief Scientific Officer of The Company (appointed January 1, 2015) and Chief Scientific Officer and a Director of Belgian Volition. There are no employment agreements by and between Dr. Micallef and The Company and Belgian Volition.


Dr. Micallef receives compensation pursuant to a consultancy agreement, or the 2015 Micallef Agreement, dated January 1, 2015, entered into by and between VolitionRx and Borlaug Limited, or Borlaug. Under the terms of the 2015 Micallef Agreement, Borlaug will make available to VolitionRx the services of Dr. Micallef to (i) manage VolitionRx’s intellectual property portfolio and file new patents as required by VolitionRx; (ii) provide project management for VolitionRx’s diagnostic development programs; and (iii) identify and pursue business development opportunities for VolitionRx. The 2015 Micallef Agreement commenced effective January 1, 2015, and continues until terminated as provided in the 2015 Micallef Agreement. In exchange for such services, VolitionRx is to pay Borlaug a monthly fee of £6,014 GBP. Commencing the month following the up-listing of the Company to the NYSE MKT or NASDAQ, this amount will increase to £8,333.33 GBP per month. Effective January 1, 2015, the 2015 Micallef Agreement superseded the consultancy agreement, dated January 1, 2011, entered into by and between Belgian Volition and Borlaug, pursuant to which Borlaug received a monthly fee of £5,467 GBP (which increased to £6,014 GBP on April 1, 2014) and bonuses upon the achievement of certain milestones. For the years ended December 31, 2014 and 2013, Borlaug received $150,826 and $102,470, respectively. The foregoing description of the Micallef Agreement does not purport to summarize all terms and conditions thereof and is qualified in its entirety by reference to Exhibit 10.27.


On November 25, 2011, Dr. Micallef was granted an option to purchase 120,000 shares of common stock of VolitionRx under the Plan. This option has subsequently been assigned to Borlaug. Dr. Micallef is a controlling director of Borlaug and has voting and dispositive control over shares of VolitionRx’s common stock held by Borlaug andshares issuable to Borlaug upon the exercise of stock purchase options and stock purchase warrants.On December 3, 2012, Borlaug was granted an option to purchase 50,000 shares of common stock of VolitionRx under the Plan. On August 18, 2014, Borlaug was granted an option to purchase 130,000 shares of common stock of VolitionRx under the Plan. None of these options have been exercised. See note (10) below for a discussion of the terms of options granted under the Plan and the calculation of fair market value of options granted under the Plan.


(4)

Dr. Mark Eccleston is currently the Chief Scientific Officer of HyperGenomics Pte Limited. There are no employment agreements by and between Dr. Eccleston and HyperGenomics Pte Limited.


Dr. Eccleston receives compensation pursuant to a Consultancy Services Agreement, or the Singapore Eccleston Agreement, dated October 1, 2010, entered into by and between Singapore Volition and Oncolytika Limited, or Oncolytika. Under the terms of the Singapore Eccleston Agreement, Oncolytika, which is represented by Dr Eccleston, will (i) provide project management for Singapore Volition’s diagnostic development programs; and (ii) identify and pursue business development opportunities for the Singapore Volition group and its Nucleosomics® and HyperGenomics® technologies. The Eccleston Agreement commenced effective October 1, 2010, and continues until terminated by one month’s written notice by either party, or by a material breach of the Eccleston Agreement. In exchange for such services, Singapore Volition is to pay Oncolytika a monthly fee of £5,300 GBP (approximately $7,000 USD) and bonuses upon the achievement of certain milestones. For the years ended December 31, 2014 and 2013, Oncolytika received $114,757 and $100,457, respectively. The foregoing description of the Eccleston Agreement does not purport to summarize all terms and conditions thereof and is qualified in its entirety by reference to Exhibit 10.10.


Dr. Eccleston receives compensation pursuant to a Consultancy Services Agreement, or the Belgian Eccleston Agreement, dated January 1, 2014, entered into by and between Belgian Volition and Oncolytika. Under the terms of the Belgian Eccleston Agreement, Oncolytika, which is represented by Dr Eccleston, will (i) design and project manage the development of a positive control for Belgian Volition’s diagnostic development programs; and (ii) coordinate Belgian Volition’s Eurostar program. The Belgian Eccleston Agreement commenced effective January 1, 2014, and continues until 31 December, 2015, unless terminated upon a material breach of the Eccleston Agreement. In exchange for such services, Belgian Volition is to pay Oncolytika a monthly fee of 750 EUR (approximately $975 USD). For the year ended December 31, 2014, Oncolytika received $11,715 from this agreement. The foregoing description of the Belgian Eccleston Agreement does not purport to summarize all terms and conditions thereof and is qualified in its entirety by reference to Exhibit 10.29.


On November 25, 2011, Dr. Eccleston was granted an option to purchase 120,000 shares of common stock of VolitionRx under the Plan. This option has subsequently been assigned to Oncolytika. Dr. Eccleston is a controlling director of Oncolytika and has voting and dispositive control over shares of the Company’s common stock held by Oncolytika andshares issuable toOncolytika upon the exercise of stock purchase options and stock purchase warrants.On December 3, 2012, Oncolytika was granted an option to purchase 50,000 shares of common stock of VolitionRx under the Plan. On August 18, 2014, Oncolytika was granted an option to purchase 130,000 shares of common stock of VolitionRx under the Plan. None of these options have been exercised. See note (10) below for a discussion of the terms of options granted under the Plan and the calculation of fair market value of options granted under the Plan.




(5)

Malcolm Lewin served as the CFO and Treasurer of VolitionRx, the CFO of Singapore Volition and a Director of Belgian Volition until July 1, 2014. There are no employment agreements by and between Malcolm Lewin and VolitionRx or Singapore Volition. Malcolm Lewin received no compensation in exchange for his services as an executive officer of VolitionRx.


Malcolm Lewin received compensation in exchange for his services as an executive officer of Singapore Volition per the Consultancy Agreement, or the Lewin Consultancy Agreement, entered into by and between Singapore Volition and Mr. Malcolm Lewin dated July 10, 2011, pursuant to which Mr. Lewin served as Chief Financial Officer of Singapore Volition and devoted at least twelve (12) days per month in carrying out the duties as Chief Financial Officer. According to the Lewin Consultancy Agreement, Mr. Lewin’s term as Chief Financial Officer commenced on July 15, 2011 and shall terminate upon Mr. Lewin’s resignation or commitment of a material breach of the Lewin Consultancy Agreement or upon written notice by either party. In exchange for such services, Singapore Volition paid Mr. Lewin a monthly fee of $6,500 for the period from July 1, 2012 to March 31, 2014 and a monthly fee of $7,150 for the period from January 1, 2014 to July 31, 2014. For the years ended December 31, 2014 and 2013, Mr. Lewin received $48,100 and $78,000, respectively, pursuant to the Lewin Consultancy Agreement. The foregoing description of the Lewin Consultancy Agreement does not purport to summarize all terms and conditions thereof and is qualified in its entirety by reference to Exhibit 10.16.


On November 25, 2011, Malcolm Lewin was granted an option to purchase 60,000 shares of common stock of VolitionRx under the Plan. As of December 31, 2013, none of the options which had vested had been exercised. On July 1, 2014, Malcolm Lewin resigned from the Company and the option to purchase 60,000 shares of common stock of VolitionRx expired in accordance with its terms. See note (10) below for a discussion of the terms of options granted under the Plan and the calculation of fair market value of options granted under the Plan.


(6)

Rodney Rootsaert is currently the Secretary of VolitionRx, the Administration and Legal Officer of Singapore Volition and the Secretary and a Director of Belgian Volition.


Rodney Rootsaert receives compensation from VolitionRx pursuant to an Employment Agreement, or the 2015 Rootsaert Employment Agreement, effective as of January 1, 2015, in exchange for serving as the Corporate Secretary of VolitionRx. The term of the 2015 Rootsaert Employment Agreement is three (3) years, which shall be automatically extended for successive periods of two (2) years. In exchange for his services, Mr. Rootsaert shall receive £4,500.00 GBP per month from VolitionRx. Commencing the month following the up-listing of the Company to the NYSE MKT or NASDAQ, this amount will increase to £6,666.66 GBP per month. Effective January 1, 2015, the 2015 Rootsaert Employment Agreement superseded the agreement, dated August 6, 2010, entered into by and between Singapore Volition and PB Commodities and the Employment Agreement, dated September 4, 2010, pursuant to which Mr. Rootsaert received $6,000 per month (which increased to $6,600 on April 1, 2014). For the years ended December 31, 2014 and 2013, Mr. Rootsaert received $77,400 and $72,000, respectively. The foregoing description of the 2015 Rootsaert Employment Agreement does not purport to summarize all terms and conditions thereof and is qualified in its entirety by reference to Exhibit 10.28.


Mining House Limited, or Mining House, provides consultancy and office support services to Singapore Volition for £1,450 GBP (approximately $2,390 USD) per month commencing on November 1, 2010, which was reduced to £450 GBP (approximately $740) on April 1, 2014 ; additionally, Singapore Volition is required to pay for all reasonable expenses incurred by Mining House in providing these services. For the year ended December 31, 2014, Singapore Volition paid approximately $22,882 to Mining House split between $13,876 for consultancy and office support services and $9,006 for expenses. For the year ended December 31, 2013, Singapore Volition paid approximately $40,050 to Mining House split between $27,200 for consultancy and office support services and $12,850 for expenses. By reason of his directorship of Mining House, Mr. Rootsaert is deemed to have received compensation in the form of one half (1/2) of the consultancy and office support services received by Mining House, along with Mr. Laith Reynolds for the years ended December 31, 2014 and December 31, 2013. For the years ended December 31, 2014 and 2013, Mr. Rootsaert is deemed to have received $6,938 and $13,600, respectively, from Mining House. There is no written agreement by and between Mining House and Singapore Volition setting forth the terms of this arrangement.


On November 25, 2011, Rodney Rootsaert was granted an option to purchase 60,000 shares of common stock of VolitionRx under the Plan. On August 18, 2014, Mr. Rootsaert was granted an option to purchase 60,000 shares of common stock of VolitionRx under the Plan. None of these options have been exercised. See note (10) below for a discussion of the terms of options granted under the Plan and the calculation of fair market value of options granted under the Plan.


(7)

Jason Terrell is currently the Chief Medical Officer of VolitionRx and Head of U.S. Operations. There are no employment agreements by and between Jason Terrell and VolitionRx. Jason Terrell receives no compensation in exchange for his services as an executive officer of VolitionRx.




Jason Terrell receives compensation for services to VolitionRx through a warrant agreement entered into as of March 20, 2013. Under the terms of the warrant he is entitled to subscribe for 200,000 shares of common stock at an exercise price of $2.47. The warrants are to expire three years after vesting. 25,000 warrants vested immediately on March 20, 2013. A further 25,000 warrants vested on October 1, 2014 upon VolitionRx signing an agreement to commence a clinical trial of VolitionRx’s proprietary screening kits and devices for the detection of certain diseases in the United States. A further 25,000 warrants are to vest upon VolitionRx signing a second U.S. clinical trial agreement. 50,000 warrants are to vest on the date VolitionRx receives approval from the FDA for the sale and distribution in the United States of its first proprietary screening kit or device for the detection of a certain disease. A further 50,000 warrants are to vest upon the receipt of FDA approval for the sale and distribution in the United States of its second proprietary screening kit or device for the detection of a certain disease that is different from the first proprietary screening kit. 25,000 warrants are to vest on the date of VolitionRx signing an agreement with a laboratory/group certified through the CLIA for the use of VolitionRx’s proprietary screening kits and devices for the detection of certain diseases in humans in the United States.


We have calculated the fair market value of the 25,000 warrants that vested immediately at $57,046 using the Black Scholes Option Pricing Model using the following assumptions: three year term, $2.48 stock price, $2.47 exercise price, 253% volatility, 0.38% risk free rate. The 25,000 warrants that vested on October 1, 2014 have been valued at $104,281 using the Black Scholes Option Pricing model using the following assumptions: 3 year term, $4.21 stock price, $2.47 exercise price, 235% volatility, 1.0% risk free rate. We carried out a re-measurement of the 150,000 unvested warrants as at December 31, 2014 in accordance with ASC 505. We estimated that the vesting of these warrants will take place over the 3 years to December 31, 2017. The unvested warrants were re-measured at $583,829 using Black Scholes Option Pricing model using the following assumptions: 3 year term, $3.90 stock price, $2.47 exercise price, 233% volatility, 1.10% risk free rate.


The 50,000 vested warrants were exercised by Jason Terrell on October 7, 2014


(8)

Sarah Lee Hwee Hoon is currently a Director of Hypergenomics Pte Limited. There are no employment agreements by and between Sarah Lee Hwee Hoon and Hypergenomics Pte Limited.  Sarah Lee Hwee Hoon receives no compensation in exchange for her services as a Director of Hypergenomics Pte Limited


Ms. Lee Hwee Hoon receives compensation pursuant to a Consultancy Services Agreement, dated August 6, 2010, entered into by and between Singapore Volition and PB Commodities and the Employment Agreement, dated September 4, 2010, pursuant to which Ms. Lee Hwee Hoon received $5,500 per month (which increased to $6,050 per month on April 1, 2014). For the years ended December 31, 2014 and 2013, Ms. Lee Hwee Hoon received $70,950 and $66,000, respectively.


On November 25, 2011, Sarah Lee Hwee Hoon was granted an option to purchase 24,000 shares of common stock of VolitionRx under the Plan. On August 18, 2014, Ms. Lee Hwee Hoon was granted an option to purchase 20,000 shares of common stock of VolitionRx under the Plan. None of these options have been exercised. See note (10) below for a discussion of the terms of options granted under the Plan and the calculation of fair market value of options granted under the Plan.


(9)

Mike O’Connell has served as the CFO and Treasurer of VolitionRx since July 1, 2014. There are no employment agreements by and between Mr. O’Connell and VolitionRx and Mr. O’Connell receives no compensation in exchange for his services as an executive officer of VolitionRx.


Mike O’Connell receives compensation pursuant to a consultancy agreement, or the O’Connell Agreement, dated May 2, 2014, entered into by and between VolitionRx and Isosceles Finance Limited, or Isosceles. Under the terms of the O’Connell Agreement, Isosceles will make available to VolitionRx the services of Mr. O’Connell to provide CFO services and shall provide additional accountancy and financial control services to VolitionRx. The term of the O’Connell Agreement is twelve (12) months, which shall be automatically extended for successive periods of twelve (12) months until terminated as provided in the Agreement. The services are to be provided on a time and materials basis. For the years ended December 31, 2014 and 2013, Isosceles received $107,559 and $0, respectively, pursuant to the O’Connell Agreement. The foregoing description of the O’Connell Agreement does not purport to summarize all terms and conditions thereof and is qualified in its entirety by reference to Exhibit 10.30.


On August 18, 2014, Mike O’Connell was granted an option to purchase 60,000 shares of common stock of VolitionRx under the Plan. See note (10) below for a discussion of the terms of options granted under the Plan and the calculation of fair market value of options granted under the Plan.


(10)

November 25, 2011 Grants: Under the terms of the Plan, each of the options granted on November 25, 2011 vest in six equal installments according to the following schedule: (i) on May 25, 2012 and November 25, 2012 at an exercise price of $3.00 per share, (ii) on May 25, 2013 and November 25, 2013 at an exercise price of $4.00 per share and (iii) on May 25, 2014 and November 25, 2014 at an exercise price of $5.00 per share. The options shall expire three (3) years after they vest.




We have calculated the estimated fair market value of the options granted on November 25, 2011 using the Black-Scholes Option Pricing model and the following assumptions: stock price at valuation of $1.20; expected term of 3.5 to 6 years; exercise price of $3.00 to $5.00; a risk free interest rate of 0.41% for the options which vest on May 25, 2012 and November 25, 2012 and a risk free interest rate of 0.93% for the options which vest between May 25, 2013 and November 25, 2014; a dividend yield of 0% and volatility of 174%.


December 3, 2012 Grants: Under the terms of the Plan, each of the options granted on December 3, 2012 vested immediately on December 3, 2012 at an exercise price of $3.01 per share. The options shall expire three (3) years after they vest.


We have calculated the estimated fair market value of the options granted on December 3, 2012 using the Black-Scholes Option Pricing model and the following assumptions: stock price at valuation of $3.15; expected term of 3 years; exercise price of $3.01; a risk free interest rate of 0.34%, a dividend yield of 0% and volatility of 251%.


August 18, 2014 Grants: Under the terms of the plan, these options vest in two equal tranches, the first tranche vests on February 18, 2015. The second tranche vests on February 18, 2016. All the options expire four years after their vesting dates. The exercise prices are $2.50 for options vesting in the first year and $3.00 for options vesting in the second year.


We have calculated the estimated fair market value of these options granted on August 18, 2014 using the Black-Scholes Option Pricing model and the following assumptions: term 4.5 to 5.5 years, stock price $1.85, exercise prices $2.50-$3.00, 237% volatility, 1.58% risk free rate.


August 18, 2014 Grant to Michael O’Connell, these options vest in equal six monthly installments over three years, starting six months after the date of grant, and expire three years after the vesting dates. The exercise prices are $3.00 for options vesting in the first year, $4.00 for options vesting in the second year, and $5.00 for options vesting in the third year.


The Company has calculated the estimated fair market value of these options granted on August 18, 2014 using the Black-Scholes Option Pricing model and the following assumptions: term 3.5 to 6 years, stock price $1.85, exercise prices $3.00-$5.00, 237% volatility, 0.89% risk free rate.


Narrative Disclosure to Summary Compensation Table


There are noAs of December 31, 2014 and 2013, none of VolitionRx, Singapore Volition or its subsidiaries, had any compensatory plans or arrangements, including payments to be received from the CompanyVolitionRx, Singapore Volition or its subsidiaries with respect to any executive officer, that would result in payments to such person because of his or her resignation, retirement or other termination of employment with the Company,VolitionRx, Singapore Volition or its subsidiaries, any change in control, or a change in the person’s responsibilities following a change in control of the Company.VolitionRx, Singapore Volition or its subsidiaries.


Outstanding Equity Awards


No executive officer received anyThe following table sets forth the outstanding equity awards or holds exercisable or unexercisable options,for the executive officers of VolitionRx, Singapore Volition and its subsidiaries as of Augustthe fiscal year ended December 31, 2011.2014.




OUTSTANDING EQUITY AWARDS AT FISCAL YEAR-END


Name

Number of Securities Underlying Unexercised Options (#)exercisable

Number of Securities Underlying Unexercised Options (#) unexercisable

Equity Incentive Plan Awards: Number of Securities Underlying Unexercised Unearned Options (#)

Option Exercise Price ($)

Option Expiration Date

Number of Shares or Units of Stock that have not Vested (#)

Market Value of Shares of Units of Stock that Have not Vested ($)

Equity Incentive Plan Awards: Number of Unearned Shares, Units or Other Rights that have notVested (#)

EquityIncentive PlanAwards: Market or Payout Value of Unearned Shares, Units or other Rights that have not Vested ($)

Cameron Reynolds(1)

20,000

-0-

-0-

$3.00

May 25, 2015

-0-

-0-

-0-

-0-

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

20,000

0

-0-

$3.00

November 25, 2015

-0-

-0-

-0-

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

-0-

20,000

-0-

-0-

$4.00

May 25, 2016

-0-

-0-

-0-

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

20,000

-0-

-0-

$4.00

November 25, 2016

-0-

-0-

-0-

-0-

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

20,000

-0-

-0-

$5.00

May 25, 2017

-0-

-0-

-0-

-0-

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

20,000

-0-

-0-

$5.00

November 25, 2017

-0-

-0-

-0-

-0-

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

-0-

-0-

50,000

$2.50

February 18, 2019

-0-

-0-

-0-

-0-

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

-0-

-0-

50,000

$3.00

February 18, 2020

-0-

-0-

-0-

-0-

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Dr. Jacob Micallef(2)

20,000

-0-

-0-

$3.00

May 25,2015

-0-

-0-

-0-

-0-

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

20,000

-0-

-0-

$3.00

November 25, 2015

-0-

-0-

-0-

-0-

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

50,000

-0-

-0-

$3.01

December 3, 2015

-0-

-0-

-0-

-0-

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

20,000

-0-

-0-

$4.00

May 25, 2016

-0-

-0-

-0-

-0-

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

20,000

-0-

-0-

$4.00

November 25, 2016

-0-

-0-

-0-

-0-

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

20,000

-0-

-0-

$5.00

May 25, 2017

-0-

-0-

-0-

-0-

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

20,000

-0-

-0-

$5.00

November 25, 2017

-0-

-0-

-0-

-0-

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

-0-

-0-

65,000

$2.50

February 18, 2019

-0-

-0-

-0-

-0-

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

-0-

-0-

65,000

$3.00

February 18, 2020

-0-

-0-

-0-

-0-

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 




Dr. Mark Eccleston(3)

20,000

-0-

-0-

$3.00

May 25,2015

-0-

-0-

-0-

-0-

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

20,000

-0-

-0-

$3.00

November 25, 2015

-0-

-0-

-0-

-0-

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

50,000

-0-

-0-

$3.01

December 3, 2015

-0-

-0-

-0-

-0-

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

20,000

-0-

-0-

$4.00

May 25, 2016

-0-

-0-

-0-

-0-

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

20,000

-0-

-0-

$4.00

November 25, 2016

-0-

-0-

-0-

-0-

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

20,000

-0-

-0-

$5.00

May 25, 2017

-0-

-0-

-0-

-0-

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

20,000

-0-

-0-

$5.00

November 25, 2017

-0-

-0-

-0-

-0-

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

-0-

-0-

65,000

$2.50

February 18, 2019

-0-

-0-

-0-

-0-

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

-0-

-0-

65,000

$3.00

February 18, 2020

-0-

-0-

-0-

-0-

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Malcolm Lewin(4)

-0-

-0-

-0-

N/A

N/A

-0-

-0-

-0-

-0-

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Rodney Rootsaert(5)

10,000

-0-

-0-

$3.00

May 25, 2015

-0-

-0-

-0-

-0-

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

10,000

-0-

-0-

$3.00

November 25, 2015

-0-

-0-

-0-

-0-

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

10,000

-0-

-0-

$4.00

May 25, 2016

-0-

-0-

-0-

-0-

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

10,000

-0-

-0-

$4.00

November 25, 2016

-0-

-0-

-0-

-0-

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

10,000

-0-

-0-

$5.00

May 25, 2017

-0-

-0-

-0-

-0-

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

10,000

-0-

-0-

$5.00

November 25, 2017

-0-

-0-

-0-

-0-

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

-0-

-0-

30,000

$2.50

February 18, 2019

-0-

-0-

-0-

-0-

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

-0-

-0-

30,000

$3.00

February 18, 2020

-0-

-0-

-0-

-0-

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Jason Terrell(6)

-0-

-0-

25,000

$2.47

Dec 20, 2018*

-0-

-0-

-0-

-0-

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

-0-

-0-

25,000

$2.47

Sep 20, 2019*

-0-

-0-

-0-

-0-

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

-0-

-0-

50,000

$2.47

Dec 20, 2019*

-0-

-0-

-0-

-0-

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

-0-

-0-

50,000

$2.47

Dec 20, 2020*

-0-

-0-

-0-

-0-

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

-0-

-0-

12,500

$2.50

February 18, 2019

-0-

-0-

-0-

-0-

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

-0-

-0-

12,500

$3.00

February 18, 2020

-0-

-0-

-0-

-0-

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 




Sarah Lee Hwee Hoon(7)

4,000

-0-

-0-

$3.00

May 25, 2015

-0-

-0-

-0-

-0-

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

4,000

-0-

-0-

$3.00

November 25, 2015

-0-

-0-

-0-

-0-

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

4,000

-0-

-0-

$4.00

May 25, 2016

-0-

-0-

-0-

-0-

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

4,000

-0-

-0-

$4.00

November 25, 2016

-0-

-0-

-0-

-0-

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

4,000

-0-

-0-

$5.00

May 25, 2017

-0-

-0-

-0-

-0-

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

4,000

-0-

-0-

$5.00

November 25, 2017

-0-

-0-

-0-

-0-

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

-0-

-0-

10,000

$2.50

February 18, 2019

-0-

-0-

-0-

-0-

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

-0-

-0-

10,000

$3.00

February 18, 2020

-0-

-0-

-0-

-0-

Mike O’Connell(8)

-0-

-0-

10,000

$3.00

February 2, 2018

-0-

-0-

-0-

-0-

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

-0-

-0-

10,000

$3.00

August 2, 2018

-0-

-0-

-0-

-0-

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

-0-

-0-

10,000

$4.00

February 2, 2019

-0-

-0-

-0-

-0-

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

-0-

-0-

10,000

$4.00

August 2, 2019

-0-

-0-

-0-

-0-

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

-0-

-0-

10,000

$5.00

February 2, 2020

-0-

-0-

-0-

-0-

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

-0-

-0-

10,000

$5.00

August 2, 2020

-0-

-0-

-0-

-0-


* Estimates only. See note (6) below.


(1)

On November 25, 2011, Cameron Reynolds was granted an option to purchase 120,000 shares of common stock of VolitionRx under the Plan. On August 18, 2014, Mr. Reynolds was granted an option to purchase 100,000 shares of common stock of VolitionRx under the Plan. See the footnotes to the section entitled “Summary Compensation Table” above for further discussion of each of the options granted under the Plan.


(2)

On November 25, 2011, Dr Micallef was granted an option to purchase 120,000 shares of common stock of VolitionRx under the Plan. This option has subsequently been assigned to Borlaug. On December 3, 2012, Borlaug was granted an option to purchase 50,000 shares of common stock of VolitionRx under the Plan. On August 18, 2014, Borlaug was granted an option to purchase 130,000 shares of common stock of VolitionRx under the Plan. See the footnotes to the section entitled “Summary Compensation Table” above for further discussion of each of the options granted under the Plan.


(3)

On November 25, 2011, Dr Eccleston was granted an option to purchase 120,000 shares of common stock of VolitionRx under the Plan. This option has subsequently been assigned to Oncolytika. On December 3, 2012, Oncolytika was granted an option to purchase 50,000 shares of common stock of VolitionRx under the Plan. On August 18, 2014, Oncolytika was granted an option to purchase 130,000 shares of common stock of VolitionRx under the Plan. See the footnotes to the section entitled “Summary Compensation Table” above for further discussion of each of the options granted under the Plan.


(4)

On November 25, 2011, Malcolm Lewin was granted an option to purchase 60,000 shares of common stock of VolitionRx under the Plan. On July 1, 2014, Mr. Lewin resigned from the Company and the option to purchase 60,000 shares of common stock of VolitionRx expired in accordance with its terms. See the footnotes to the section entitled “Summary Compensation Table” above for further discussion of each of the options granted under the Plan.


(5)

On November 25, 2011, Rodney Rootsaert was granted an option to purchase 60,000 shares of common stock of VolitionRx under the Plan. On August 18, 2014, Mr. Rootsaert was granted an option to purchase 60,000 shares of common stock of VolitionRx under the Plan. See the footnotes to the section entitled “Summary Compensation Table” above for further discussion of each of the options granted under the Plan.




(6)

On March 20, 2013, Jason Terrell was granted a warrant to purchase 200,000 shares of common stock of VolitionRx at an exercise price of $2.47 per share. On October 7, 2014 Mr. Terrell exercised the warrant to purchase 50,000 shares of common stock for $123,500. On August 18, 2014, Mr. Terrell was granted an option to purchase 25,000 shares of common stock of VolitionRx under the Plan. See the footnotes to the section entitled “Summary Compensation Table” above for further discussion of each of the warrants and the option granted to Mr. Terrell.


(7)

On November 25, 2011, Sarah Lee Hwee Hoon was granted an option to purchase 24,000 shares of common stock of VolitionRx under the Plan. On August 18, 2014, Ms. Lee Hwee Hoon was granted an option to purchase 20,000 shares of common stock of VolitionRx under the Plan. See the footnotes to the section entitled “Summary Compensation Table” above for further discussion of each of the options granted under the Plan.


(8)

On August 18, 2014, Mike O’Connell was granted an option to purchase 60,000 shares of common stock of VolitionRx under the Plan. See the footnotes to the section entitled “Summary Compensation Table” above for further discussion of each of the options granted under the Plan.


Long-Term Incentive Plans


There areAs at December 31, 2014 and 2013, there were no arrangements or plans in which we provideVolitionRx, Singapore Volition or its subsidiaries provided pension, retirement or similar benefits for directors or executive officers.


Compensation Committee


We currently do not haveAs at December 31, 2013, none of VolitionRx, Singapore Volition or its subsidiaries had a compensation committee of the Board of Directors. The Board of Directors as a whole determinesdetermined executive compensation.


Compensation of Directors


Some of our directors receive compensation for their service onOn November 5, 2014, our Board of Directors.  Please referDirectors established a compensation committee pursuant to a written charter adopted by the Board of Directors, a copy of which is available on our websitewww.volitionrx.com.


Compensation of Directors


The compensation paid to executive officers who were also directors for all services rendered in all capacities to VolitionRx, Singapore Volition and its subsidiaries for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2014 is set forth in the section entitled “Executive Compensation – Summary Compensation Table”. No executive officer is paid compensation for services as a director.


The following table sets forth the compensation paid to the Lettersdirectors who were not executive officers of VolitionRx for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2014. Unless otherwise specified, the term of each director is that as set forth under that section entitled “Directors and Executive Officers-- Term of Office.”




Director Compensation Table


Name

Fees Earned or Paid in Cash

($)

Stock Awards

($)

Option Awards(1)

($)

Non-Equity Incentive Plan Compensation

($)

Nonqualified Deferred Compensation Earnings

($)

All Other Compensation

($)

Total

($)

Guy Innes(2)

25,000

-0-

29,334

-0-

-0-

-0-

54,334

Dr. Martin Faulkes(3)

96,750

-0-

56,200

-0-

-0-

-0-

152,950

Dr. Alan Colman(4)

72,000

7,000

2,468

-0-

-0-

4,000

85,468

Dr. Habib Skaff(5)

14,583

7,000

24,363

-0-

-0-

-0-

45,946


(1)

All Option Awards have been calculated based upon the aggregate grant date fair value computed in accordance with FASB ASC Topic 718.


(2)

Guy Innes is currently a Director of VolitionRx and Singapore Volition. There are no employment agreements by and between Guy Innes and VolitionRx.


Guy Innes receives compensation in exchange for his services as a Director of Singapore Volition pursuant to that certain Letter of Appointment as Non-Executive Director with Guy Innes, or the Innes Letter of Appointment, entered into with Singapore Volition on September 23, 2010, pursuant to which Mr. Innes shall serve as a non-executive director commencing on August 18, 2010 and terminating upon written notice by either party, removal from office by resolution of the stockholders or upon his office as director being vacated. In exchange for his services, he shall receive $6,250 per calendar quarter following the admission of the shares of Singapore Volition to a recognized exchange, per the terms set forth in the letter. This amount became payable by VolitionRx upon completion of the Share Exchange Agreement which closed on October 6, 2011. The foregoing description of the Innes Letter of Appointment does not purport to summarize all terms and conditions thereof and is qualified in its entirety by reference to Exhibit 10.09.


On November 25, 2011, Guy Innes was granted an option to purchase 30,000 shares of common stock of VolitionRx under the Plan. On August 18, 2014, Mr. Innes was granted an option to purchase 30,000 shares of common stock of VolitionRx under the Plan. See note (9) to the section entitled “Summary Compensation Table” above for further discussion of the options granted under the Plan.


(3)

Dr. Martin Faulkes is currently a Director of VolitionRx, Singapore Volition and Belgian Volition. There are no employment agreements by and between Dr. Martin Faulkes and VolitionRx or Belgian Volition.


Dr. Martin Faulkes receives compensation in exchange for his services as a Director of Singapore Volition pursuant to a Letter of Appointment as Executive Chairman with Dr. Satu Vainikka, Guy Archibald Innes, Martin Faulkes, or the Faulkes Letter of Appointment, entered into with Singapore Volition on July 13, 2011, pursuant to which Dr. Faulkes shall serve as executive chairman of the Board of Directors of Singapore Volition commencing on March 22, 2011 for a term of three (3) years and terminating upon written notice by either party, removal from office by resolution of the stockholders or upon his office as Executive Chairman being vacated. In exchange for his services, he shall receive an annual fee of $90,000 to commence following the admission of the shares of Singapore Volition to a recognized exchange and Singapore Volition being sufficiently funded in the opinion of the Board. If the Board believes that VolitionRx is not sufficiently funded, Dr. Faulkes shall receive $6,250 per calendar quarter until VolitionRx is sufficiently funded. This amount became payable by VolitionRx upon completion of the Share Exchange Agreement which closed on October 6, 2011. On April 1, 2014 the annual fee received by Dr. Faulkes increased to $99,000.


On July 13, 2011, Singapore Volition entered into a Warrant Agreement with Dr. Faulkes to grant warrants to him to purchase up to 250,000 shares of Singapore Volition at an exercise price of $1.05 per share, per the terms set forth in the agreement. Pursuant to the terms of the Share Exchange Agreement which closed on October 6, 2011 the warrant of Singapore Volition became a warrant of VolitionRx. The warrants shall vest on July 13, 2011 and shall expire on July 13, 2016. As of the years ended December 31, 2014 and 2013, 0 and 0 of these warrants have been exercised, respectively. We have calculated the estimated fair market value of the warrants granted to Dr. Faulkes as $244,395 using the Black-Scholes Option Pricing model and the following assumptions: stock price at valuation, $1.00; expected term of five years, exercise price of $1.05, a risk free interest rate of 1.45%, a dividend yield of 0% and volatility of 190%. The foregoing description of the Faulkes Letter of Appointment does not purport to summarize all terms and conditions thereof and is qualified in its entirety by reference to Exhibit 10.17.




On November 25, 2011, Dr. Faulkes was granted an option to purchase 30,000 shares of common stock of VolitionRx under the Plan. On August 18, 2014, Dr. Faulkes was granted an option to purchase 60,000 shares of common stock of VolitionRx under the Plan. See note (9) to the section entitled “Summary Compensation Table” above for further discussion of the options granted under the Plan.


(4)

Dr. Alan Colman is currently a Director of VolitionRx and Singapore Volition.


Dr. Martin Faulkes filedAlan Colman receives compensation in exchange for his services as exhibitsa Director of Singapore Volition pursuant to that certain Letter of Appointment as Non-Executive Director with Dr. Alan Colman, or the Colman Letter of Appointment, entered into with Singapore Volition on May 25, 2011, pursuant to which Dr. Colman shall serve as a non-executive director of Singapore Volition commencing on April 1, 2011 and terminating upon written notice by either party, removal from office by resolution of the stockholders or upon his office as director being vacated. In exchange for his services, he shall receive $6,000 per month in cash or stock or a combination of both, at his sole discretion. This amount became payable by VolitionRx upon completion of the Share Exchange Agreement which closed on October 6, 2011


On April 1, 2011, Singapore Volition entered into a Warrant Agreement with Dr. Colman pursuant to which he received warrants to purchase up to 100,000 shares of Singapore Volition at an exercise price of $0.50 per share, per the terms set forth in the agreement. Pursuant to the terms of the Share Exchange Agreement which closed on October 6, 2011 the warrant of Singapore Volition became a warrant of VolitionRx. The warrants shall vest on April 1, 2011 and shall expire on April 1, 2016. As of the years ended December 31, 2014 and 2013, 0 and 0 of these warrants have been exercised, respectively. We have calculated the estimated fair market value of the warrants granted to Dr. Colman as $48,431 using the Black-Scholes Option Pricing model and the following assumptions: stock price at valuation, $0.50; expected term of five years, exercise price of $0.50, a risk free interest rate of 2.24%, a dividend yield of 0% and volatility of 190%. The foregoing description of the Colman Letter of Appointment does not purport to summarize all terms and conditions thereof and is qualified in its entirety by reference to Exhibit 10.12.


On November 25, 2011, Dr. Colman was granted an option to purchase 30,000 shares of common stock of VolitionRx under the Plan. See note (9) to the section entitled “Summary Compensation Table” above for further discussion of the options granted under the Plan.


(5)

Dr. Habib Skaff is currently a Director of VolitionRx. There are no employment agreements by and between Dr. Skaff and VolitionRx.


Dr. Habib Skaff receives compensation in exchange for his services as a Director of VolitionRx pursuant to that certain Letter of Appointment as Non-Executive Director with Dr. Skaff, or the Skaff Letter of Appointment, entered into with VolitionRx on May 29, 2014, pursuant to which Dr. Skaff shall serve as a non-executive director of VolitionRx commencing on June 1, 2014 and terminating upon written notice by either party, removal from office by resolution of the stockholders or upon his office as director being vacated. In exchange for his services, Dr. Skaff shall receive $6,250 per calendar quarter. The foregoing description of the Skaff Letter of Appointment does not purport to summarize all terms and conditions thereof and is qualified in its entirety by reference to Exhibit 10.31.


On November 25, 2011, Dr. Skaff was granted an option to purchase 24,000 shares of common stock of VolitionRx under the Plan. On August 18, 2014, Dr. Skaff was granted an option to purchase 25,000 shares of common stock of VolitionRx under the Plan. See note (9) to the section entitled “Summary Compensation Table” above for further discussion of the options granted under the Plan.


Security Holders Recommendations to Board of Directors


Stockholders can direct communications to our Current Report on Form 8-KSecretary, Rodney Rootsaert, at our executive offices. However, while we appreciate all comments from stockholders, we may not be able to individually respond to all communications. We attempt to address stockholder questions and concerns in our press releases and documents filed with the SEC on October 13, 2011so that all stockholders have access to information about us at the same time. Mr. Rootsaert collects and incorporated hereinevaluates all stockholder communications. All communications addressed to our directors and executive officers will be reviewed by this reference.  those parties unless the communication is clearly frivolous.






ITEM 12. SECURITY OWNERSHIP OF CERTAIN BENEFICIAL OWNERS AND MANAGEMENT ANDMANAGEMENTAND RELATED STOCKHOLDER MATTERS.MATTERS


Security Ownership of Management


The following table sets forth certain information concerning the number of shares of our common stock owned beneficially as of November 28, 2011, by:March 18, 2015, by VolitionRx directors, officers and 5% owners: (i) each of our and our subsidiaries’ directors; (ii) each of our and our subsidiaries’ named executive officers; and (iii) each person or group known by us to beneficially own more than 5% of our outstanding shares of common stock. Unless otherwise indicated, the shareholdersstockholders listed below possess sole voting and investment power with respect to the shares they own.


Name and Address of Beneficial Owner

Title of Class

Amount and Nature of  Beneficial

Ownership (1)

(#)

Percent of Class (2)

(%)

Cameron Reynolds (3)

150 Orchard Road
Orchard Plaza, #08-02
Singapore 238841

Common

200,001

2.46%

Dr. Martin Faulkes (4)

Eastwoods, The Chase Oxshott
Surrey, KT22 0HR UK

Common

810,000

9.97%

Guy Archibald Innes (5)

Wickhurst Manor, Wickhurst Road Weald

Sevenoaks Kent, TN14 6LY UK

Common

430,000

5.30%

Dr. Alan Colman (6)

156 Gibraltar Crescent
Singapore 759588

Common

12,500

0.15%

All Officers and Directors as a Group

(4 Persons)

Common

1,452,501

17.88%

Appletree Investment Management, Inc. (7)

179 Upper Richmond Road West

East Sheen, London, SW14 8DU UK

Common

802,112

9.88%

Concord International, Inc. (8)

150 Orchard Road, Orchard Plaza, #08-02

Singapore 238841

Common

2,042,088

25.15%

As of March 18, 2015, there were 17,934,715 common shares issued and outstanding, 1,141,145 shares issuable upon the exercise of options within 60 days, and 3,284,924 shares issuable upon the exercise of stock purchase warrants within 60 days.


(1)

The number and percentage of shares beneficially owned isWe have determined underbeneficial ownership in accordance with the rules of the SEC and the information is not necessarily indicative of beneficial ownership for any other purpose. Under such rules, beneficial ownership includes any shares asUnless otherwise indicated below, to whichour knowledge, the individual has sole or shared voting power or investment powerpersons and also any shares which the individual has the right to acquire within 60 days through the exercise of any stock option or other right. The personsentities named in the table have sole voting and sole investment power with respect to all shares of common stock shown asthat they beneficially owned by them,own, subject to community property laws where applicableapplicable. In computing the number of shares of our common stock beneficially owned by a person and the information contained inpercentage ownership of that person, we deemed outstanding shares of our common stock subject to options and warrants held by that person that are currently exercisable or exercisable within 60 days of March 18, 2015. We did not deem these shares outstanding, however, for the footnotes to this table.purpose of computing the percentage ownership of any other person.




Name and Address of Beneficial Owner

Title of Class

Amount and Nature Of

Beneficial Ownership

(#)

Percent of Class(**)

(%)

Rodney Rootsaert (1)

1 Scotts Road, #24-05 Shaw Centre

Singapore 228208

Common

1,094,088

6.07%

Dr. Martin Faulkes (2)

Eastwoods, The Chase Oxshott

Surrey, UK KT22 0HR

Common

1,409,101

7.70%

Guy Innes (3)

Titsey Place

Oxted, UK, RH8 0SD

Common

1,529,534

8.36%

Cameron Reynolds (4)

1 Scotts Road, #24-05 Shaw Centre

Singapore 228208

Common

1,273,516

7.03%

Dr. Alan Colman (5)

1 Scotts Road, #24-05 Shaw Centre

Singapore 228208

Common

196,937

1.09%

Dr. Jacob Micallef (6)

1 Scotts Road, #24-05 Shaw Centre

Singapore 228208

Common

354.745

1.95%

Dr. Mark Eccleston(7)

1 Scotts Road, #24-05 Shaw Centre

Singapore 228208

Common

339,769

1.87%

Jason Terrell (8)

500 Painted Horse Trl

Burnet, TX 7861, USA

Common

148,864

0.83%

Sarah Lee Hwee Hoon (9)

1 Scotts Road, #24-05 Shaw Centre

Singapore 228208

Common

34,000

0.19%

Habib Skaff (10)

1 Scotts Road, #24-05 Shaw Centre

Singapore 228208

Common

54,223

0.30%

Mike O’Connell (11)

1 Scotts Road, #24-05 Shaw Centre

Singapore 228208

Common

10,000

0.06%

All Officers and Directors as a Group

(11 Persons)

Common

6,444,778

32.75%

Concord International, Inc. (12)

1 Scotts Road, #24-05 Shaw Centre

Singapore 228208

Common

1,004,088

5.60%

Cotterford Company Limited (13)

Alma House, 7 Circular Road, Douglas

Isle of Man, IM1 1AF

United Kingdom

Common

1,447,616

7.90%


** The percent of class as calculated herein is based on 17,934,715 common shares issued and outstanding, 1,141,145 shares issuable upon the exercise of options within 60 days, and 3,284,924 shares issuable upon the exercise of stock purchase warrants within 60 days, as of March 18, 2015


(2)(1)

Based on 8,120,652 issuedRodney Rootsaert is VolitionRx’s Secretary. Mr. Rootsaert is also the Administrative and outstandingLegal Officer of Singapore Volition and the Secretary and a Director of Belgian Volition. Mr. Rootsaert’s beneficial ownership includes 0 shares of common stock asand 90,000shares issuable upon the exercise of stock purchase options which vested on May 25, 2012, November 28,25, 2012, May 25, 2013, November 25, 2013, May 25, 2014, November 25, 2014 and February 18, 2015 under the 2011 Equity Incentive Plan dated November 17, 2011. Further, Rodney Rootsaert is a controlling director of Concord International, Inc. and has voting and dispositive control over the 1,004,088 shares of common stock beneficially owned by Concord International, Inc. Cameron Reynolds is a potential beneficiary.




(2)

Dr. Martin Faulkes is a Director of VolitionRx, Singapore Volition and Belgian Volition.Dr.Faulkes’ beneficial ownership includes: 1,041,067 shares of common stock; 250,000 shares issuable upon the exercise of stock purchase warrants, which vested on July 13, 2011;60,000 shares issuable upon the exercise of stock purchase options, which vested on May 25, 2012, November 25, 2012, May 25, 2013, November 25, 2013, May 25, 2014, November 25, 2014  and February 18, 2015 under the 2011 Equity Incentive Plan dated November 17, 2011; and 58,034 shares issuable upon the exercise of stock purchase warrants.


(3)

Guy Innes is a Director of VolitionRx and Singapore Volition. Mr. Innes’ beneficial ownership includes: 1,170,197 shares of common stock; 100,000 shares issuable upon the exercise of stock purchase warrants which vested on March 24, 2011;45,000shares issuable upon the exercise of stock purchase options which vested on May 25, 2012, November 25, 2012, May 25, 2013, November 25, 2013, May 25, 2014, November 25, 2014 and February 18, 2015 under the 2011 Equity Incentive Plan dated November 17, 2011; and 214,337 shares issuable upon the exercise of stock purchase warrants.


(4)

Cameron Reynolds is the Company’sVolitionRx’s President, Chief Executive Officer and a member of the Board of Directors. HisbeneficialMr. Reynolds is also the Chief Executive Officer and a Director of Singapore Volition, the Managing Director of Belgian Volition, and Chief Executive Officer and a Director of HyperGenomics Pte Limited. Mr. Reynolds’beneficial ownership includes 200,001includes: 1,102,344 shares of common shares.stock; 170,000shares issuable upon the exercise of stock purchase options which vested on May 25, 2012, November 25, 2012, May 25, 2013, November 25, 2013, May 25, 2014, November 25, 2014 and February 18, 2015 under the 2011 Equity Incentive Plan dated November 17, 2011; and 1,172 shares issuable upon the exercise of stock purchase warrants.


(4)

Dr. Martin Faulkes is a member of the Company’s Board of Directors.  Hisbeneficial ownership includes 810,000common shares.


(5)

Guy Archibald Innes is a member of the Company’s Board of Directors.  Hisbeneficial ownership includes 430,000common shares.


(6)

Dr. Alan Colman is a memberDirector of VolitionRx and Singapore Volition. Dr. Colman’sbeneficial ownership includes: 53,937 shares of common stock; 100,000 shares issuable upon the Company’s Boardexercise of Directors.  stock purchase warrants which vested on April 1, 2011;30,000Hisshares issuable upon the exercise of stock purchase options which vested on May 25, 2012, November 25, 2012, May 25, 2013, November 25, 2013, May 25, 2014 and November 25, 2014 under the 2011 Equity Incentive Plan dated November 17, 2011; and 13,000 shares issuable upon the exercise of stock purchase warrants.


(6)

Dr. Jacob Micallef is a Director and the Chief Scientific Officer of Belgian Volition. Dr. Micallef’s beneficial ownership includes 12,50086,166 shares of common shares.stock and 10,000 shares issuable upon the exercise of stock purchase warrants. Further, Dr. Micallef is a controlling director of Borlaug Limited and has voting and dispositive control over 14,290 shares of common stock beneficially owned by Borlaug Limited, 9,290shares issuable to Borlaug Limited upon the exercise of stock purchase warrants, and 235,000 shares issuable upon the exercise of stock purchase options which vested on May 25, 2012, November 25, 2012, December 13, 2012, May 25,2013, November 25, 2013,May 25, 2014, November 25, 2014 and February 18, 2015 under the 2011 Equity Incentive Plan dated November 17, 2011.


(7)

Robert James CoolesDr. Mark Eccleston is the Chief Scientific Officer of HyperGenomics Pte Limited. Dr. Eccleston’s beneficial ownership includes 66,451 shares of common stock and 15,000shares issuable upon the exercise of stock purchase warrants. Further, Dr. Eccleston is a controlling director of Oncolytika Limited and has voting and dispositive control over 14,159 shares of common stock beneficially owned by Oncolytika Limited, 9,159shares issuable to Oncolytika Limited upon the exercise of stock purchase warrants, and 235,000 shares issuable upon the exercise of stock purchase options which vested on May 25, 2012, November 25, 2012, December 13, 2012, May 25,2013, November 25, 2013, May 25, 2014, November 25, 2014 and February 18, 2015 under the 2011 Equity Incentive Plan dated November 17, 2011.


(8)

Jason Terrell is VolitionRx’s Chief Medical Officer and Head of US Operations. Jason Terrell’s beneficial ownership includes 136,364 shares of common stock, and 12,500 shares issuable upon the exercise of stock purchase options which vested on February 18, 2015 under the 2011 Equity Incentive Plan dated November 17, 2011.


(9)

Sarah Lee Hwee Hoon is the Secretary and a Director of Hypergenomics Pte Limited.  Ms. Hoon’s beneficial ownership includes 0 shares of common stock and 34,000shares issuable upon the exercise of stock purchase options which vested on May 25, 2012, November 25, 2012, May 25, 2013, November 25, 2013, May 25, 2014, November 25, 2014 and February 18, 2015 under the 2011 Equity Incentive Plan dated November 17, 2011


(10)

Dr. Habib Skaff is a Director of VolitionRx. Dr. Skaff’sbeneficial ownership includes: 14,580 shares of common stockand 36,500shares issuable upon the exercise of stock purchase options which vested on May 25, 2012, November 25, 2012, May 25, 2013, November 25, 2013, May 25, 2014, November 25, 2014 and February 18, 2015, under the 2011 Equity Incentive Plan dated November 17, 2011; and 3,143 shares issuable upon the exercise of stock purchase warrants.


(11)

Mike O’Connell is VolitionRx’s Chief Financial Officer and Treasurer. Mr. O’Connell’s beneficial ownership includes 0 shares of common stockand 10,000shares issuable upon the exercise of stock purchase options which vested on February 18, 2015 under the 2011 Equity Incentive Plan dated November 17, 2011.




(12)

Concord International, Inc.’s beneficial ownership includes 1,004,088 shares of common stock. Rodney Rootsaert is a controlling director of Concord International, Inc. and has voting and dispositive control over the 1,004,088 shares of common stock. Cameron Reynolds is a potential beneficiary.


(13)

Cotterford Company Limited’s beneficial ownership includes: 1,048,947 shares of common stock,94,516 shares issuable upon the exercise of stock purchase warrants which vested on June 21, 2011; and 304,153 shares issuable upon the exercise of stock purchase warrants. Jack Murphy holds investment and voting control over the 802,112shares of common sharesstock beneficially owned by Appletree Investment Management, Inc.


(8)

Rodney Gerard Rootsaert holds investment and voting control over the 2,042,088 common shares beneficially owned by Concord International, Inc.Cotterford Company Limited.


Changes in Control


There are no present arrangements or pledges of the Company’s securities which may result in a change in control of the Company, other than as previously disclosed.






ITEM 13.

CERTAIN RELATIONSHIPS AND RELATED TRANSACTIONS AND DIRECTOR INDEPENDENCE.


Related Party Transactions(1)

On August 6, 2010, Singapore Volition entered into an agreement with PB Commodities Pte Limited (the “PB Commodities Agreement”). At the time of the PB Commodities Agreement, Laith Reynolds (former Director of Singapore Volition), Cameron Reynolds (current President, CEO and a Director of VolitionRx Limited) and Rodney Rootsaert (current Secretary of VolitionRx Limited) were serving as Directors of PB Commodities. Subsequently, Mr. Cameron Reynolds resigned as a Director of PB Commodities on May 1, 2011 and Mr. Rootsaert resigned on September 20, 2011. PB Commodities does not operate for profit. The PB Commodities Agreement provides office space, office support staff, and consultancy services to Singapore Volition for the structuring, management, fundraising and development and implementation of its business plan. In exchange, Singapore Volition paid an initial set up fee to PB Commodities of $11,250. Additionally, Singapore Volition shall pay $6,270 per month (increased from $5,700 per month on April 1, 2014) for office space and staff services as well as pay consultancy fees each month to PB Commodities for the services of Cameron Reynolds ($8,800 (increased from $8,000 on April 1, 2014)) and Rodney Rootsaert ($6,600 (increased from $6,000 on April 1, 2014). Singapore Volition is also required to pay for all reasonable expenses incurred. The term of the PB Commodities Agreement is twelve months, commencing on September 1, 2010, with automatic extensions of twelve months and a three month notice required for termination of the PB Commodities Agreement. For the fiscal years ended December 31, 2014 and December 31, 2013, Singapore Volition was invoiced approximately $327,000 and $300,000, respectively, to PB Commodities. The foregoing description of the PB Commodities Agreement does not purport to summarize all terms and conditions thereof and is qualified in its entirety by reference to Exhibit 10.05.


(2)

On September 22, 2010, Singapore Volition entered into a Share Purchase Agreement, or the Share Purchase Agreement, with Valirx, pursuant to which Singapore Volition purchased all shares held by Valirx in ValiBio. In exchange for the ValiBio shares, Singapore Volition paid $400,000 to Valirx in four equal payments (paid on October 8, 2010; January 19, 2011; April 14, 2011 and July 11, 2011, respectively) and stock with a value of $600,000 of Singapore Volition or a newly listed entity with the price per share to be determined by: a) the 30 day average closing middle market price immediately prior to the issuance of shares, if Singapore Volition or a newly listed entity following the merger or reverse takeover of Singapore Volition; or b) the average subscription price at which Singapore Volition has raised capital during the period of the Agreement, if Singapore Volition is not listed within 350 days of the Share Purchase Agreement; or c) the mutual consent of the parties in writing prior to the issuance. The price per share will be determined by whichever of the above occurs first. The foregoing description of the Share Purchase Agreement does not purport to summarize all terms and conditions thereof and is qualified in its entirety by reference to Exhibit 2.01.


On September 22, 2010, Singapore Volition entered into a Deed of Novation, or the Deed of Novation, by and among Valirx, ValiBio and Chroma, pursuant to which the parties agreed that Valirx’s rights, obligations and liabilities under a Patent License Agreement by and between Valirx and Chroma dated October 3, 2007 shall be novated to Singapore Volition. As consideration, Singapore Volition shall pay directly to Chroma 5% of each payment due to Valirx pursuant to that certain Share Purchase Agreement dated September 22, 2010, per the terms of the Deed of Novation. During the years ended December 31, 2014 and December 31, 2013, Singapore Volition paid $0 and $0, respectively, to Chroma per the terms of that certain Deed of Novation. The foregoing description of the Deed of Novation does not purport to summarize all terms and conditions thereof and is qualified in its entirety by reference to Exhibit 10.07.  On February 20, 2015, Singapore Volition purchased the aforementioned patent from Chroma.




On June 9, 2011, Singapore Volition and Valirx entered into a Supplementary Agreement to the Share Purchase Agreement between the parties dated September 22, 2010, or the Supplemental Agreement, pursuant to which Valirx shall transfer ownership of the Valirx patent application for the “Method for Detecting the Presence of a Gynecological Growth” to Singapore Volition. As consideration, Singapore Volition shall issue additional shares of its common stock or that of a newly listed entity to Valirx with a value of $510,000. This issuance shall be made in addition to the issuance to be made to Valirx pursuant to that certain Share Purchase Agreement dated September 22, 2010 and the price per share of the new issuance shall be determined by the terms of that Share Purchase Agreement. The foregoing description of the Supplement Agreement does not purport to summarize all terms and conditions thereof and is qualified in its entirety by reference to Exhibit 2.02.


During the year ended December 31, 2012, the Company issued 510,811 shares of common stock to Valirx and 14,189 shares of common stock to Chroma (both issuances were made on December 6, 2011) at a price of approximately $2.11 per share, as settlement of the $510,000 and the $600,000 pursuant to that certain Share Purchase Agreement, Supplemental Agreement and the Deed of Novation. During the year ended December 31, 2014 and year ended December 31, 2013, the Company did not issue any shares to Valirx or to Chroma.


(3)

On August 31,10, 2011, Singapore Volition entered into a service agreement, or the Service Agreement, with Volition Research Limited, or Research, a 100% subsidiary of The Dill Faulkes Educational Trust, or DFET. DFET is a company limited by guarantee (with no share capital or stockholders) and a registered UK charity (Charity No. 1070864) established to give back to the community. Since its inception in 1998, DFET has donated approximately $25 million to initiate and support a number of major charitable projects, bursaries and scholarships approved by the DFET Trustees, including The Faulkes Telescope Project, Church Bell Projects and various educational programs. Neither Research nor DFET provide any services to companies other than Singapore Volition, its subsidiaries and affiliates. Dr. Martin Faulkes (current Director of VolitionRx Limited) is the benefactor of DFET and currently serves as director and chairman of DFET and as a director of Research. Mr. Cameron Reynolds (current President, CEO and a Director made advances of $54,828VolitionRx Limited) currently serves as director of Research but is not now, and never has been, involved with DFET in any other capacity. Messrs. Faulkes and Reynolds do not have any ownership, control or other material relationship, directly or indirectly, with Research or DFET. Further, neither Dr. Faulkes nor Mr. Reynolds receives any compensation, directly or indirectly, from Research or DFET pursuant to the Company.Service Agreement, in exchange for their directorships to Research or DFET, or otherwise. The Service Agreement provides for Research to perform services for Singapore Volition for a period of five years for $21,000 per year for an aggregate of $105,000. Such services require Research to liaise with various medical institutions to promote and raise the profile of Singapore Volition through charitable donations, build and develop long-term relationships between UK and International cancer charities and Singapore Volition, and lobby government, health organization and other policy makers on behalf of Singapore Volition and promote the socially responsible ethos of Singapore Volition to ensure Singapore Volition focuses on its corporate social responsibilities to the community. Research does not operate for profit and does not pay any salary or other compensation to anyone, directly or indirectly, to perform the services. Dr. Martin Faulkes performs the services on behalf of Research, however as stated above, he does not receive any compensation in exchange. As of July 31, 2013, it was agreed that services had been performed to the full value anticipated under the Service Agreement, and therefore the Service Agreement was terminated as of that date. Consequently during the years ended December 31, 2014 and December 31, 2013, Singapore Volition incurred a total of $0 and $75,250 to Research, respectively, for its services.


On August 31,11, 2011, officers-directors and their families had acquired 12%the parties entered into a Settlement Agreement of the Service Agreement, or the Settlement Agreement, agreeing to convert the $105,000 fees due to Research under the Service Agreement to 350,000 shares ($0.30/share) of common capital stock in Singapore Volition. During the year ended December 31, 2012, Singapore Volition issued have made advances350,000 shares to Research (issued on September 8, 2011). The value of $71,877,the shares acquired were reassessed in accordance with United States GAAP related party rules, which has resulted in an increase in their value to $1.00 per share and have made contributions to capitala corresponding increase in the form of expenses paidvalue attributed to the services for the Companypurposes of the accounts to $350,000, or $70,000 per year. As a result of the termination of the Service Agreement described above, Singapore Volition incurred a charge of $250,833 for the year ended December 31, 2013, in respect of the amountvalue attributed to the services. During the year ended December 31, 2014 and year ended December 31, 2013 Singapore Volition did not issue any shares to Research. Pursuant to the terms of $50,400.the Share Exchange Agreement which closed on October 6, 2011, the shares of Singapore Volition were exchanged for shares of VolitionRx. The advancesforegoing descriptions of the Service Agreement and Settlement Agreement do not purport to summarize all terms and conditions thereof and are non-interest bearingqualified in their entirety by reference to Exhibits 10.23 and payable10.24, respectively.




(4)

On October 1, 2011, Hypergenomics Pte Limited entered into an agreement (the “Agreement”) with PB Commodities Pte Limited (“PB Commodities”). At the time of the Agreement, Laith Reynolds (former Director of Singapore Volition) was serving as a Director of PB Commodities. The Agreement provides office space and office support staff to Hypergenomics Pte Limited for $1,450 USD per month. Hypergenomics Pte Limited is also required to pay for all reasonable expenses incurred.  The term of the Agreement is twelve months, commencing on demand.October 1, 2011, with automatic extensions of twelve months and a three month notice required for termination of the Agreement.   For the fiscal years ended December 31, 2014 and December 31, 2013 Hypergenomics Pte Limited incurred approximately $17,400 USD and $17,400 USD, respectively, to PB Commodities.  The foregoing description of the Agreement does not purport to summarize all terms and conditions thereof and is qualified in its entirety by reference to Exhibit 10.20.


(5)

As part of the engagement letters with each of our directors, certain indemnification provisions may require us, among other things, to indemnify our directors and executive officers for expenses, including attorneys’ fees, judgments, fines and settlement amounts incurred by a director or officer in any action or proceeding arising out of his or her service as one of our directors or officers.


Other than the foregoing, none of the directors or executive officers of the Company, nor any person who owned of record or was known to own beneficially more than 5% of the Company’s outstanding shares of its Common Stock, nor any associate or affiliate of such persons or companies, has any material interest, direct or indirect, in any transaction that has occurred during the past fiscal year, or in any proposed transaction, which has materially affected or will affect the Company.


With regard to any future related party transaction, we plan to fully disclose any and all related party transactions in the following manner:


·

Disclosing such transactions in reports where required;

·

Disclosing in any and all filings with the SEC, where required;

·

Obtaining disinterested directors consent; and

·

Obtaining shareholderstockholder consent where required.


Director Independence


For purposes of determining director independence, we have applied the definitions set out in NASDAQ Rule 5605(a)the NYSE MKT Company Guide §803(A)(2). The OTCBBOTCQB on which shares of Common Stockcommon stock are quoted does not have any director independence requirements. The NASDAQNYSE MKT definition of “Independent Officer”Director” means a person other than an Executive Officerexecutive officer or employee of the Company or any other individual havingcompany. No director qualifies as independent unless the issuer’s board of directors affirmatively determines that the director does not have a relationship which, in the opinion of the Company's Board of Directors,that would interfere with the exercise of independent judgment in carrying out the responsibilities of a director. In addition, the NYSE MKT Company Guide provides a non-exclusive list of persons who may not be considered independent.


According to the NASDAQNYSE MKT definition, Cameron Reynolds is not an independent director because he is also an executive officer of the Company.   Further,and Dr. Martin Faulkes Guy Archibald Innes and Dr. Alan Colman are not independent directors because they are stockholdersalso executive officers of the Company. Dr. Satu VainikkaHabib Skaff, Guy Innes, and Kevin John Alexander, however,Dr. Alan Colman are considered to be independent directors.


Review, Approval or Ratification of Transactions with Related Persons


We are a smaller reporting company as defined by Rule 12b-2 of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 and are not required to provide the information under this item.


ITEM 14.

PRINCIPAL ACCOUNTANT FEES AND SERVICES.SERVICES



 

 

Year Ended

August 31, 2011

 

Year Ended

August 31, 2010

Audit fees

$

4,950

$

1,700*

Audit-related fees

$

0

$

0

Tax fees

$

0

$

0

All other fees

$

0

$

0

Total

$

4,950

$

1,700


(*)   At the end of the previous fiscal year the Company changed its accounting practice from accruing accounting and audit expense in the current period under examination to recognizing the expense only when paid.

 

 

Year Ended December 31, 2014

 

Year Ended December 31, 2013

Audit fees

$

51,650

$

28,000

Audit-Related fees

$

0

$

0

Tax fees

$

4,315

$

2,829

All other fees

$

0

$

0

Total

$

55,965

$

30,829







Audit Fees


During the fiscal yearsyear ended AugustDecember 31, 2011,2014, we incurred approximately $4,950 in fees to our principal independent accountants for professional services rendered in connection with the audit and reviews of our financial statements for fiscal years ended August 31, 2011.


During the fiscal year ended August 31, 2010, we incurred approximately $1,700$51,650 in fees to our principal independent accountants for professional services rendered in connection with the audit and reviews of our financial statements for fiscal year ended AugustDecember 31, 2010.2014.


During the fiscal year ended December 31, 2013, we incurred approximately $28,000 in fees to our principal independent accountants for professional services rendered in connection with the audit and reviews of our financial statements for fiscal year ended December 31, 2013.


Audit-Related Fees


The aggregate fees billed during the fiscal years ended AugustDecember 31, 20112014 and 20102013 for assurance and related services by our principal independent accountants that are reasonably related to the performance of the audit or review of our financial statements (and are not reported under Item 9(e)(1) of Schedule 14A was14A) were $0 and $0, respectively.


Tax Fees


The aggregate fees billed during the fiscal years ended AugustDecember 31, 20112014 and 20102013 for professional services rendered by our principal accountant tax compliance, tax advice and tax planning were $0$4,315 and $0,$2,829, respectively.


All Other Fees


The aggregate fees billed during the fiscal yearyears ended AugustDecember 31, 20112014 and 20102013 for products and services provided by our principal independent accountants (other than the services reported in Items 9(e)(1) through 9(e)(3) of Schedule 14A was14A) were $0 and $0, respectively.






PART IV

ITEM

Item 15.

EXHIBITS. Exhibits


(a)

Exhibits


Exhibit

 

 

Exhibit Number

Description of Exhibit

Filing

3.012.01

Certificate of Incorporation

Share Purchase Agreement by and between Singapore Volition and Valirx PLC dated September 22, 2010

Filed with the SEC on December 6, 1999May 8, 2012 as part of our Registration StatementAmended Current Report on Form 10-SB.8-K/A.

2.02

Supplementary Agreement to the Share Purchase Agreement by and between Singapore Volition and Valirx PLC dated June 9, 2011

Filed with the SEC on January 11, 2012 as part of our Amended Current Report on Form 8-K/A.

3.01

Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation

Filed with the SEC on October 7, 2013 as part of our Current Report on Form 8-K.

3.01(a)

Amendment to Certificate of Incorporation

Filed with the SEC on November 10, 2005 as part of our Registration Statement on Form SB-2.

3.01(b)

Certificate for Renewal and Revival of Charter

Filed with the SEC on October 13, 2011January 11, 2012 as part of our Amended Current Report on Form 8-K.8-K/A.

3.02

Bylaws

Filed with the SEC on December 6, 1999 as part of our Registration Statement on Form 10-SB.

4.01

2011 Equity Incentive Plan dated November 17, 2011

Filed with the SEC on November 18, 2011 as part of our Current Report on Form 8-K.

4.02

Sample Stock Option Agreement

Filed with the SEC on November 18, 2011 as part of our Current Report on Form 8-K.

4.03

Sample Stock Award Agreement for Restricted Stock

Filed with the SEC on November 18, 2011 as part of our Current Report on Form 8-K.

10.01

Patent License Agreement by and between Cronos Therapeutics Limited and Imperial College Innovations Limited dated October 19, 2005

Filed with the SEC on October 13, 2011 as part of our Current Report on Form  8-K.

10.02

Amended Patent License Agreement by and between Cronos Therapeutics Limited and Imperial College Innovations Limited dated July 31, 2006

Filed with the SEC on October 13, 2011February 24, 2012 as part of our Amended Current Report on Form 8-K.8-K/A.

10.0310.02

Extension Letter Agreement by and between Cronos Therapeutics Limited and Imperial College Innovations Limited dated September 4, 2006

Filed with the SEC on October 13, 2011 as part of our Current Report on Form  8-K.

10.04

Patent License Agreement by and between ValiRXValirx PLC and Chroma Therapeutics Limited dated October 3, 2007

Filed with the SEC on October 13, 2011January 11, 2012 as part of our Amended Current Report on Form 8-K.8-K/A.

10.0510.03

Contract Repayable Grant Advance on the Diagnosis of Colorectal Cancer by “NucleosomicsTM” by and between ValiBIOValiBio SA and The Walloon Region dated December 17, 2009

Filed with the SEC on October 13, 2011February 24, 2012 as part of our Amended Current Report on Form 8-K.8-K/A.

10.0610.04

Non-Exploitation and Third Party Patent License Agreement by and among ValiBIOValiBio SA, ValiRXValirx PLC and The Walloon Region dated December 17, 2009

Filed with the SEC on October 13, 2011February 24, 2012 as part of our Amended Current Report on Form 8-K.8-K/A.

10.05#

Agreement by and between Singapore Volition and PB Commodities Pte Limited dated August 6, 2010

Filed with the SEC on January 11, 2012 as part of our Amended Current Report on Form 8-K/A.

10.06#

Employment Agreement by and between PB Commodities Pte Ltd and Cameron Reynolds dated September 4, 2010

Filed with the SEC on February 24, 2012 as part of our Amended Current Report on Form 8-K/A.

10.07

Deed of Novation by and among Singapore Volition Pte Limited, ValiRXValirx PLC, ValiBIOValiBio SA and Chroma Therapeutics Limited dated September 22, 2010

Filed with the SEC on October 13, 2011February 24, 2012 as part of our Amended Current Report on Form 8-K.8-K/A.

10.08

Letter of Appointment as Non-ExecutiveNon Executive Director by and between Singapore Volition Pte Limited and Satu Vainikka dated September 22, 2010

Filed with the SEC on October 13, 2011January 11, 2012 as part of our Amended Current Report on Form 8-K.8-K/A.

10.09

Letter of Appointment as Non-Executive Director by and between Singapore Volition Pte Limited and Guy Archibald Innes dated September 23, 2010

Filed with the SEC on October 13, 2011January 11, 2012 as part of our Amended Current Report on Form 8-K.8-K/A.

10.10

10.10#

Master Consultancy Services Agreement by and between Singapore Volition Pte Limited and OncoLytika Ltd dated October 1, 2010

Filed with the SEC on April 1, 2013 as part of our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2012.




10.11

Patent License Agreement by and between Singapore Volition and Belgian Volition dated November 2, 2010

Filed with the SEC on January 11, 2012 as part of our Amended Current Report on Form 8-K/A.

10.12

Letter of Appointment as Non-Executive Director by and between Singapore Volition Pte Limited and Dr. Alan Colman dated May 25, 2011

Filed with the SEC on October 13, 2011January 11, 2012 as part of our Amended Current Report on Form 8-K.8-K/A.

10.1110.13

License Agreement by and between Singapore Volition and the European Molecular Biology Laboratory dated June 6, 2011

Filed with the SEC on January 11, 2012 as part of our Amended Current Report on Form 8-K/A.

10.14

Deed of Novation by and among Imperial College Innovations Limited, Valipharma Limited and HypergenomicsHyperGenomics Pte Limited dated June 9, 2011

Filed with the SEC on October 13, 2011January 11, 2012 as part of our Amended Current Report on Form 8-K.8-K/A.

10.1210.15

Patent License Agreement by and between HypergenomicsHyperGenomics Pte Limited and Valipharma Limited dated June 9, 2011

Filed with the SEC on October 13, 2011January 11, 2012 as part of our Amended Current Report on Form 8-K.8-K/A.

10.1310.16

Consultancy Agreement by and between Singapore Volition Pte Limited and Malcolm Lewin dated July 10, 2011

Filed with the SEC on October 13, 2011January 11, 2012 as part of our Amended Current Report on Form 8-K.8-K/A.

10.1410.17

Letter of Appointment as Executive Chairman by and between Singapore Volition and Dr. Martin Faulkes dated July 13, 2011

Filed with the SEC on January 11, 2012 as part of our Amended Current Report on Form 8-K/A.

10.18

Share Exchange Agreement withby and between the Company and Singapore Volition Pte Limited dated September 26, 2011

Filed with the SEC on September 29, 2011 as part of our Current Report on Form 8-K.

14.0110.19

Agreement, Consent and Waiver by and between Standard Capital Corporation and its Shareholders dated September 27, 2011

Filed with the SEC on April 5, 2012 as part of our Amended Current Report on Form 8-K/A.

10.20

Agreement by and between HyperGenomics Pte Limited and PB Commodities Pte Ltd dated October 1, 2011

Filed with the SEC on February 24, 2012 as part of our Amended Current Report on Form 8-K/A.

10.21

Agreement by and between Belgian Volition SA and the Biobank of CHU UCL Mont-Godinne dated August 6, 2012

Filed with the SEC on October 4, 2012 as part of our Amended Registration Statement on Form S-1/A.

10.22

Common Stock Purchase Agreement by and among VolitionRx Limited and the purchasers thereto dated February 26, 2014

Filed with the SEC on February 28, 2014 as part of our Current Report on Form 8-K.

10.23

Service Agreement by and between Singapore Volition and Volition Research Limited dated August 10, 2011

Filed with the SEC on January 11, 2012 as part of our Amended Current Report on Form 8-K/A.

10.24

Settlement Agreement by and between Singapore Volition and Volition Research Limited dated August 11, 2011

Filed with the SEC on January 11, 2012 as part of our Amended Current Report on Form 8-K/A.

10.25#

Consultancy Agreement by and between PB Commodities Pte Ltd and Cameron Reynolds effective as of January 1, 2015

Filed with the SEC on January 8, 2015 as part of our  Amended Registration Statement on Form S-1/A.

10.26#

Executive Employment Agreement by and between VolitionRx and Cameron Reynolds effective as of January 1, 2015

Filed with the SEC on January 8, 2015 as part of our  Amended Registration Statement on Form S-1/A.

10.27#

Consultancy Agreement by and between VolitionRx and Borlaug Limited dated as of January 1, 2015

Filed with the SEC on January 8, 2015 as part of our  Amended Registration Statement on Form S-1/A.

10.28#

Employment Agreement by and between VolitionRx and Rodney Rootsaert effective as of January 1, 2015

Filed with the SEC on January 8, 2015 as part of our  Amended Registration Statement on Form S-1/A.

10.29#

Master Consultancy Services Agreement by and between Belgian Volition and OncoLytika Ltd. dated January 1, 2014

Filed with the SEC on January 23, 2015 as part of our  Amended Registration Statement on Form S-1/A.

10.30#

Agreement by and between VolitionRx and Isosceles Finance Limited dated May 2, 2014

Filed with the SEC on January 23, 2015 as part of our  Amended Registration Statement on Form S-1/A.




10.31#

Letter of Appointment as Non-Executive Director by and between VolitionRx and Dr. Habib Skaff dated May 28, 2014

Filed with the SEC on January 23, 2015 as part of our  Amended Registration Statement on Form S-1/A.

14.1

Code of Ethics

Filed with the SEC on November 10, 2005 as part of our Registration Statement on Form SB-2.

21.0121.1

List of Subsidiaries

Filed with the SEC on October 13, 2011 as part of our Current Report on Form 8-K.

31.01

Certification of Principal Executive Officer Pursuant to RuletoRule 13a-14

Filed herewith.Herewith.

31.02

Certification of Principal Financial Officer Pursuant to Rule 13a-14

Filed herewith.Herewith.

32.01

CEO Certification Pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act

Filed herewith.Herewith.

32.02

CFO Certification Pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act

Filed herewith.Herewith.

101.INS*

XBRL Instance Document

Filed Herewith.

101.SCH*

XBRL Taxonomy Extension Schema Document

Filed Herewith.

101.CAL*

XBRL Taxonomy Extension Calculation Linkbase Document

Filed Herewith.

101.LAB*

XBRL Taxonomy Extension Labels Linkbase Document

Filed Herewith.

101.PRE*

XBRL Taxonomy Extension Presentation Linkbase Document

Filed Herewith.

101.DEF*

XBRL Taxonomy Extension Definition Linkbase Document

Filed Herewith.


# Management contract or compensatory plan.


*Pursuant to Regulation S-T, this interactive data file is deemed not filed or part of a registration statement or prospectus for purposes of Sections 11 or 12 of the Securities Act of 1933, is deemed not filed for purposes of Section 18 of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, and otherwise is not subject to liability under these sections.






SIGNATURES


Pursuant to the requirements of Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the Company caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized.


VOLITIONRX LIMITED



Dated:  November 29, 2011

/s/ Cameron Reynolds

By: Cameron Reynolds

Its: President and Chief Executive Officer



Dated:  November 29, 2011

/s/ Malcolm Lewin

By: Malcolm Lewin

Its: Chief Financial Officer & Treasurer


VOLITIONRX LIMITED

Dated: March 18, 2015

/s/ Cameron Reynolds

By: Cameron Reynolds

Its: President, Principal Executive Officer and Director

Dated: March 18, 2015

/s/ Michael O’Connell

By: Michael O’Connell

Its: Principal Financial Officer,

Principal Accounting Officer, & Treasurer


Pursuant to the requirement of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, this report has been signed below by the following persons on behalf of the Company and in the capacities and on the dates indicated:



Dated:  November 29, 2011

Dated: March 18, 2015

/s/ Cameron Reynolds

Cameron Reynolds - President,

Principal Executive Officer and Director

Dated: March 18, 2015

/s/ Michael O’Connell

By: Michael O’Connell

Its: Principal Financial Officer,

Principal Accounting Officer, & Treasurer

Dated: March 18, 2015

/s/ Dr. Martin Faulkes

Dr. Martin Faulkes - Director

Dated: March 18, 2015

/s/ Guy Innes

Guy Innes - Director

Dated: March 18, 2015

/s/ Dr. Alan Colman

Dr. Alan Colman – Director

Dated: March 18, 2015

/s/ Rodney Rootsaert

Rodney Rootsaert - Secretary


Dated: March 18, 2015

/s/ Dr. Habib Skaff

Dr. Habib Skaff- Director



Dated:  November 29, 2011

/s/ Dr. Martin Faulkes

Dr. Martin Faulkes - Director



Dated:  November 29, 2011

/s/ Kevin John Alexander

Kevin John Alexander - Director



Dated:  November 29, 2011

/s/ Dr. Satu Vainikka

Dr. Satu Vainikka - Director



Dated:  November 29, 2011

/s/ Guy Archibald Innes

Guy Archibald Innes - Director



Dated:  November 29, 2011

/s/ Dr. Alan Colman

Dr. Alan Colman - Director



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