Indicate by check mark if the registrant is a well-known seasoned issuer, as defined in Rule 405 of the Securities Act.

Indicate by check mark if the registrant is not required to file reports pursuant to Section 13 or Section 15(d) of the Act.

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days.

Indicate by check mark whether the registrants have submitted electronically every Interactive Data File required to be submitted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrants were required to submit such files).Yes. Yes ☒ No ☐

Indicate by check mark if disclosure of delinquent filers pursuant to Item 405 of Regulation S-K (§ 229.405 of this chapter) is not contained herein, and will not be contained, to the best of the registrants' knowledge, in definitive proxy or information statements incorporated by reference in Part III of this Form 10-K or any amendment to this Form 10-K. ☒

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, a smaller reporting company, or an emerging growth company. See the definitions of "large accelerated filer," "accelerated filer," "smaller reporting company," and "emerging growth company" in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.

Indicate by check mark whether the registrants are a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act).Yes. Yes ☐ No ☒

All shares of outstanding common stock of Berkshire Hathaway Energy Company are privately held by a limited group of investors. As of January 31, 2021, 76,368,8742023, 75,627,913 shares of common stock, no par value, were outstanding.

All shares of outstanding common stock of PacifiCorp are indirectly owned by Berkshire Hathaway Energy Company. As of January 31, 2021,2023, 357,060,915 shares of common stock, no par value, were outstanding.

All of the member's equity of MidAmerican Funding, LLC is held by its parent company, Berkshire Hathaway Energy Company, as of January 31, 2021.All2023.

All shares of outstanding common stock of MidAmerican Energy Company are owned by its parent company, MHC Inc., which is a direct, wholly owned subsidiary of MidAmerican Funding, LLC. As of January 31, 2021,2023, 70,980,203 shares of common stock, no par value, were outstanding.

Berkshire Hathaway Energy Company, MidAmerican Funding, LLC, and its subsidiaries, MidAmerican Energy Company, Nevada Power Company, and its subsidiaries, Sierra Pacific Power Company, and Eastern Energy Gas Holdings, LLC and its subsidiariesEastern Gas Transmission and Storage, Inc. meet the conditions set forth in General Instruction I(1)(a) and (b) of Form 10-K and are therefore filing portions of this Form 10-K with the reduced disclosure format specified in General Instruction I(2) of Form 10‑K.

This combined Form 10-K is separately filed by Berkshire Hathaway Energy Company, PacifiCorp, and its subsidiaries, MidAmerican Funding, LLC, and its subsidiaries, MidAmerican Energy Company, Nevada Power Company, and its subsidiaries, Sierra Pacific Power Company, and Eastern Energy Gas Holdings, LLC and its subsidiaries.Eastern Gas Transmission and Storage, Inc. Information contained herein relating to any individual company is filed by such company on its own behalf. Each company makes no representation as to information relating to the other companies.

When used in Forward-Looking Statements, Part I - Items 1 through 4, Part II - Items 5 through 7A, and Part III - Items 10 through 14, the following terms have the definitions indicated.

Further details of the potential risks and uncertainties affecting the Registrants are described in the Registrants' filings with the SEC, including Item 1A and other discussions contained in this Form 10-K. Each Registrant undertakes no obligation to publicly update or revise any forward-looking statements, whether as a result of new information, future events or otherwise. The foregoing factors should not be construed as exclusive.

BHE is a holding company that owns a highly diversified portfolio of locally managed and operated businesses principally engaged in the energy industry and is a consolidated subsidiary of Berkshire Hathaway. As of January 31, 2021,2023, Berkshire Hathaway and family members and related or affiliated entities of the late Mr. Walter Scott, Jr., a former member of BHE's Board of Directors, (along with his family membersowned 92% and related or affiliated entities) and Mr. Gregory E. Abel, BHE's Chairman, beneficially owned 91.1%, 7.9% and 1.0%8%, respectively, of BHE's voting common stock.

Berkshire Hathaway Energy's operations are organized as eight business segments: PacifiCorp, MidAmerican Funding (which primarily consists of MidAmerican Energy), NV Energy (which primarily consists of Nevada Power and Sierra Pacific), Northern Powergrid (which primarily consists of Northern Powergrid (Northeast) plc and Northern Powergrid (Yorkshire) plc), BHE Pipeline Group (which primarily consists of BHE GT&S, Northern Natural Gas and Kern River), BHE Transmission (which consists of BHE Canada (which primarily consists of AltaLink) and BHE U.S. Transmission), BHE Renewables and HomeServices. BHE, through these locally managed and operated businesses, owns four utility companies in the United StatesU.S. serving customers in 11 states, two electricity distribution companies in Great Britain, five interstate natural gas pipeline companies in the U.S., one of which owns an LNG export, import export and storage facility, in the United States, an electric transmission business in Canada, interests in electric transmission businesses in the United States,U.S., a renewable energy business primarily investing in wind, solar, geothermal and hydroelectric projects, the largest residential real estate brokerage firm in the United States and one of the largest residential real estate brokerage firms and residential real estate brokerage franchise networks in the United States.U.S.

The Registrants are committed to attracting, retaining and developing the highest quality of employees; maintaining a safe, diverse and inclusive work environment; offering competitive compensation and benefit programs; and providing employees with opportunities for growth and development.

As of December 31, 2020,2022, BHE had approximately 23,80024,000 employees, consisting of approximately 14,200 (60%13,600 (57%) electric and natural gas operations employees, approximately 6,300 (26%6,800 (28%) real estate services employees and approximately 3,300 (14%3,600 (15%) corporate services employees. HomeServices has approximately 43,00045,000 real estate agents who are independent contractors. As of December 31, 2020,2022, approximately 8,2008,600 BHE employees were covered by union contracts. The majority of the union employees are employed by the Utilities and are represented by the International Brotherhood of Electrical Workers, the Utility Workers Union of America, the United Utility Workers Association and the International Brotherhood of Boilermakers.

Safety and security are integral to the Registrants' culture and will always be onea part of the Registrants' top priorities. The Registrants' safety, cyber and physical security programs are built on personal ownership, compliance with standards, accountability for performance, and continuous improvement. The Registrants'Registrants provide best-in-class training to ensure that all employees understand the risks and have thorough and specific knowledge to protect themselves, as well as the Registrants' assets, information and operations.

The Registrants use the recordable incident rate to measure employee safety. The recordable incident rate is defined as the number of work-related injuries per 100 full-time workers during a one-year period. The recordable incident rates for each of the Registrants are included below:

The Registrants' commitment to employees is further demonstrated through competitive compensation and benefits and by providing opportunities for personal growth and career development. In addition to market-based salary, the Registrants' compensation packages include incentive programs to recognize and reward outstanding performance. The Registrants' benefits programs are designed to meet the diverse needs of employees and their families and includes,include among other benefits:

BHE was incorporated under the laws of the state of Iowa in 1999 and its principal executive offices are located at 666 Grand Avenue, Suite 500, Des Moines, Iowa 50309-2580, its telephone number is (515) 242-4300 and its internet address is www.brkenergy.com.

PacifiCorp, an indirect wholly owned subsidiary of BHE, is a United StatesU.S. regulated electric utility company headquartered in Oregon that serves approximately 2.0 million retail electric customers in portions of Utah, Oregon, Wyoming, Washington, Idaho and California. PacifiCorp is principally engaged in the business of generating, transmitting, distributing and selling electricity. PacifiCorp's combined service territory covers approximately 141,400141,500 square miles and includes diverse regional economies across six states. No single segment of the economy dominates the combined service territory, which helps mitigate PacifiCorp's exposure to economic fluctuations. In the eastern portion of the service territory, consisting of Utah, Wyoming and southeastern Idaho, the principal industries are manufacturing, mining or extraction of natural resources, agriculture, technology, recreation and government. In the western portion of the service territory, consisting of Oregon, southern Washington and northern California, the principal industries are agriculture, manufacturing, forest products, food processing, technology, government and primary metals. In addition to retail sales, PacifiCorp buys and sells electricity on the wholesale market with other utilities, energy marketing companies, financial institutions and other market participants to balance and optimize the economic benefits of electricity generation, retail customer loads and existing wholesale transactions. Certain PacifiCorp subsidiaries support its electric utility operations by providing coal mining services.

PacifiCorp's operations are conducted under numerous franchise agreements, certificates, permits and licenses obtained from federal, state and local authorities. The average term of the franchise agreements is approximately 22 years. Several of these franchise agreements allow the municipality the right to seek amendment to the franchise agreement at a specified time during the term. PacifiCorp generally has an exclusive right to serve electric customers within its service territories and, in turn, has an obligation to provide electric service to those customers. In return, the state utility commissions have established rates on a cost-of-service basis, which are designed to allow PacifiCorp an opportunity to recover its costs of providing services and to earn a reasonable return on its investments.

PacifiCorp was incorporated under the laws of the state of Oregon in 1989 and its principal executive offices are located at 825 N.E. Multnomah Street, Suite 1900 Portland, Oregon 97232, its telephone number is (888) 221-7070 and its internet address is www.pacificorp.com. PacifiCorp delivers electricity to customers in Utah, Wyoming and Idaho under the trade name Rocky Mountain Power and to customers in Oregon, Washington and California under the trade name Pacific Power.

All shares of PacifiCorp's common stock are indirectly owned by BHE. PacifiCorp also has shares of preferred stock outstanding that are subject to voting rights in certain limited circumstances.

The GWhs and percentages of electricity sold to PacifiCorp's retail customers by jurisdiction for the years ended December 31 were as follows:

Variations in weather, economic conditions and various conservation, energy efficiency and private generation measures and programs can impact customer usage.energy requirements. Wholesale sales are impacted by market prices for energy relative to the incremental cost to generateof generating power.

The annual hourly peak customer demand, which represents the highest demand on a given day and at a given hour, occurs in the summer when air conditioning and irrigation systems are heavily used. Peak demand in the winter occurs due to heating requirements. During 2020,2022, PacifiCorp's peak demand was 10,54611,017 MWs in the summer and 8,3279,026 MWs in the winter.

PacifiCorp has ownership interest in a diverse portfolio of generating facilities. The following table presents certain information regarding PacifiCorp's owned generating facilities as of December 31, 2020:2022:

PacifiCorp is required to have resources available to continuously meet its customer needs and reliably operate its electric system. The percentage of PacifiCorp's energy supplied by energy source varies from year to year and is subject to numerous operational, economic and economicenvironmental factors such as planned and unplanned outages, fuel commodity prices, fuel transportation costs, weather, environmentallegislative considerations, transmission constraints and wholesale market prices of electricity. PacifiCorp evaluates these factors continuously in order to facilitate economicaleconomic dispatch of its generating facilities. When factors for one energy source are less favorable, PacifiCorp places more reliance on other energy sources. For example, PacifiCorp can generate more electricity using its low costlow-cost wind-powered and hydroelectric and wind-powered generating facilities when factors associated with these facilities are favorable. In addition to meeting its customers' energy needs, PacifiCorp is required to maintain operating reserves on its system to mitigate the impacts of unplanned outages or other disruption in supply, and to meet intra-hour changes in load and resource balance. This operating reserve requirement is dispersed across PacifiCorp's generation portfolio on a least-cost basis based on the operating characteristics of the portfolio. Operating reserves may be held on hydroelectric, coal-fueled, natural gas-fueled or certain types of interruptible load. PacifiCorp manages certain risks relating to its supply of electricity and fuel requirements by entering into various contracts, which may be accounted for as derivatives and may include forwards, options, swaps and other agreements. Refer to "General Regulation" in Item 1 of this Form 10-K for a discussion of energy cost recovery by jurisdiction and to PacifiCorp's Item 7A in this Form 10-K for a discussion of commodity price risk and derivative contracts.

PacifiCorp has interests in coal mines that support its coal-fueled generating facilities and jointly operates the Bridger surface andcoal mine. The Bridger underground mine ceased coal mines.production in November 2021. These mines supplied 16%21%, 19%21% and 17%16% of PacifiCorp's total coal requirements during the years ended December 31, 2020, 20192022, 2021 and 2018,2020, respectively. The remaining coal requirements for PacifiCorp's coal-fueled generating facilities are acquired through longlong- and short-term third-party contracts.

Most of PacifiCorp's coal reserves are held through agreements with the federal Bureau of Land Management and from certain states and private parties. The agreements generally have multi-year terms that may be renewed or extended and require payment of rents and royalties. In addition, federal and state regulations require that comprehensive environmental protection and reclamation standards be met during the course of mining operations and upon completion of mining activities.

Coal reserve estimates are subject to adjustment as a result of the development of additional engineering and geological data, new mining technology and changes in regulation and economic factors affecting the utilization of such reserves.

PacifiCorp uses natural gas as fuel for its generating facilities that use combined-cycle, simple-cycle and steam turbines. Oil and natural gas are also used for igniter fuel and standby purposes. These sources are presently in adequate supply and available to meet PacifiCorp's needs.

PacifiCorp enters into forward natural gas purchases at fixed or indexed market prices. PacifiCorp purchases natural gas in the spot market with both fixed and indexed market prices for physical delivery to fulfill any fuel requirements not already satisfied through forward purchases of natural gas and sells natural gas in the spot market for the disposition of any excess supply if the forecasted requirements of its natural gas-fueled generating facilities decrease. PacifiCorp also utilizes financial swap contracts to mitigate price risk associated with its forecasted fuel requirements.

The amount of electricity PacifiCorp is able to generate from its hydroelectric generating facilities depends on a number of factors, including snowpack in the mountains upstream of its hydroelectric generating facilities, reservoir storage, precipitation in its watersheds, generating unit availability and restrictions imposed by oversight bodies due to competing water management objectives.

PacifiCorp operates the majority of its hydroelectric generating portfolio under long-term licenses. The FERC regulates 99%98% of the net capacity of this portfolio through 1514 individual licenses, which have terms of 30 to 50 years. The licenses for majorthese hydroelectric generating facilities expire at various dates through 2059.2061. A portion of this portfolio is licensed under the Oregon Hydroelectric Act. For discussion of PacifiCorp's hydroelectric relicensing activities, including updated information regarding the Klamath River hydroelectric system, refer to Note 16 of the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements of Berkshire Hathaway Energy in Item 8 of this Form 10-K and Note 14 of the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements of PacifiCorp in Item 8 of this Form 10-K.

PacifiCorp purchases and sells electricity in the wholesale markets as needed to balance its generation with its retail load obligations. PacifiCorp may also purchase electricity in the wholesale markets when it is more economical than generating electricity from its own facilities and may sell surplus electricity in the wholesale markets when it can do so economically. When prudent, PacifiCorp enters into financial swap contracts and forward electricity sales and purchases for physical delivery at fixed prices to reduce its exposure to electricity price volatility.

PacifiCorp and the California ISO implemented an EIM in November 2014, which reduces costs to serve customers through more efficient dispatch of a larger and more diverse pool of resources, more effectively integrates renewables and enhances reliability through improved situational awareness and responsiveness. The EIM expands the real-time component of the California ISO's market technology to optimize and balance electricity supply and demand every five minutes across the EIM footprint. The EIM is voluntary and available to all balancing authorities in the western United States.U.S. EIM market participants submit bids to the California ISO market operator before each hour for each generating resource they choose to be dispatched by the market. Each bid is comprised of a dispatchable operating range, ramp rate and prices across the operating range. The California ISO market operator uses sophisticated technology to select the least-cost resources to meet demand and send simultaneous dispatch signals to every participating generator across the EIM footprint every five minutes. In addition to generation resource bids, the California ISO market operator also receives continuous real-time updates of the transmission grid network, meteorological and load forecast information that it uses to optimize dispatch instructions. Outside the EIM footprint, utilities in the western United StatesU.S. do not utilize comparable technology and are largely limited to transactions within the borders of their balancing authority area to balance supply and demand intra-hour using a combination of manual and automated dispatch. The EIM delivers customer benefits by leveraging automation and resource diversity to result in more efficient dispatch, more effective integration of renewables and improved situational awareness. Benefits are expected to increase further with renewable resource expansion and as more entities join the EIM, bringing incremental resource diversity. In December 2022, PacifiCorp announced its intention to join the California ISO Extended Day-Ahead Market in 2024.

PacifiCorp operates one balancing authority area in the western portion of its service territory ("PacifiCorp-West") and one balancing authority area in the eastern portion of its service territory ("PacifiCorp-East"). A balancing authority area is a geographic area with transmission systems that control generation to maintain schedules with other balancing authority areas and ensure reliable operations. In operating the balancing authority areas, PacifiCorp is responsible for continuously balancing electricity supply and demand by dispatching generating resources and interchange transactions so that generation internal to the balancing authority area, plus net imported power, matches customer loads. Deliveries of energy over PacifiCorp's transmission system are managed and scheduled in accordance with FERCthe FERC's requirements.

PacifiCorp's transmission system is part of the Western Interconnection, which includes the interconnected transmission systems of 14 western states, two Canadian provinces and parts of Mexico. PacifiCorp's transmission system, together with contractual rights on other transmission systems, enables PacifiCorp to integrate and access generation resources to meet its customer load requirements. PacifiCorp's transmission and distribution systems included approximately 16,90017,100 miles of transmission lines in ten10 states, 63,80065,300 miles of distribution lines and 900 substations as of December 31, 2020.2022.

It is possible that some of the easements and the property over which the easements were granted may have title defects or may be subject to mortgages or liens existing at the time the easements were acquired.

PacifiCorp's Energy Gateway Transmission Expansion Program represents plans to build approximatelyover 2,000 miles of new high-voltage transmission lines, with an estimated cost of $6approximately $11 billion, primarily in Wyoming, Utah, Idaho and Oregon. The $6approximately $11 billion estimated cost includes: (a) the 135-mile, 345-kV transmission line between the Terminal substation near the Salt Lake City Airport and the Populus substation in Downey, Idaho, placed in-service in 2010; (b) the 100-mile, 345/500-kV transmission line between the Mona substation in central Utah and the Oquirrh substation in the Salt Lake Valley, placed in-service in 2013; (c) the 170-mile, 345-kV transmission line between the Sigurd substation in central Utah and the Red Butte substation in southwest Utah, placed in-service in 2015; (d) the 140-mile, 500-kV transmission line between the Aeolus substation near Medicine Bow, in Wyoming and the Jim Bridger generating facility, placed in-service in 2020; (e) the 400-mile, 500kV416-mile, 500-kV high-voltage transmission line between the Aeolus substation and the Clover substation near Mona, Utah;Utah, expected to be placed in-service in 2024; (f) the 59-mile, 230-kV high-voltage transmission line between the Windstar substation near Glenrock, Wyoming and the Aeolus substation, expected to be placed in-service in 2024; (g) the 290-mile, 500kV500-kV high-voltage transmission line from the Longhorn Substationsubstation near Boardman, Oregon to the existing Hemingway Substation southwest ofsubstation near Boise, Idaho (a joint project with Idaho Powerproject), expected to be placed in-service in 2026; (h) the 14-mile, 345-kV high-voltage transmission line between the Oquirrh substation and the Bonneville Power Administration);Terminal substation, expected to be placed in-service in 2024; and (g) other(i) remaining segments that are expected to be placed in-service in future years, depending on load growth, economic analysis, IRP results, siting, permitting and construction schedules. The transmission line segments are intended to: (a) address customer load growth; (b) improve system reliability; (c) reduce transmission system constraints; (d) provide access to diverse generation resources, including renewable and zero carbon resources; and (e) improve the flow of electricity throughout PacifiCorp's six-state service area. Proposed transmission line segments are evaluated to ensure optimal benefits and timing before committing to move forward with permitting and construction. Through December 31, 2020, $2.72022, $3.8 billion had been spent and $2.3 billion, including AFUDC, had been placed in-service.

As required by certain state regulations, PacifiCorp uses an IRP to develop a long-term resource plan to ensure that PacifiCorp can continue to provide reliable and cost-effective electric service to its customers while maintaining compliance with existing and evolving environmental laws and regulations. The IRP process identifies the amount and timing of PacifiCorp's expected future resource needs, accounting for planning uncertainty, risks, reliability, state energy policies and other factors. The IRP is prepared following a public process, which provides an opportunity for stakeholders to participate in PacifiCorp's resource planning process. PacifiCorp files its IRP on an every-two-year basisbiennially with the state commissions in each of the six states where PacifiCorp operates. Five states indicate whether the IRP meets the state commission's IRP standards and guidelines, a process referred to as "acknowledgment" in some states. Acknowledgment by a state commission does not address recovery or prudency of resources ultimately selected.

In October 2019,September 2021, PacifiCorp filed its 20192021 IRP with its state commissions.commissions and subsequently filed its 2021 IRP Update in March and April 2022. In November 2019,March 2022, the WUTC temporarily suspendedOPUC acknowledged PacifiCorp's 2021 IRP and its practice of acknowledging utility IRPs, including PacifiCorp's 2019preferred portfolio. In June 2022, the UPSC issued an order declining to acknowledge the 2021 IRP due to ongoing implementation activities associated with Washington state's Senate Bill 5116,its determination that PacifiCorp did not meet the Clean Energy Transformation Act. In May 2020,commission's IRP guidelines by excluding new natural gas-fueled resources in its modeling of the OPUC acknowledged2021 IRP's preferred portfolio, as well as the 2019 IRP with conditions.commission's view that PacifiCorp did not provide ample time for public input and information exchange during the development of the IRP. The UPSC also acknowledgeddid approve the 2019 IRP2022 All Source RFP ("2022AS RFP") to procure resources identified in May 2020.the 2021 IRP. In September 2020,August 2022, the IPUC acknowledged the 2019 IRP. In October 2020, the WPSC concludedPacifiCorp's 2021 IRP and its docket investigating the 2019 IRP. A written decision was issued in January 2021 requiring PacifiCorp to incorporate additional analyses forpreferred portfolio. Reviews of the 2021 IRP by the WPSC and periodically file reports related to the action plan and other items.WUTC are ongoing.

PacifiCorp issues individual RFPs, each of which typically focuses on a specific category of generation resources consistent with the IRP or other customer-driven demands. The IRP and the RFPs provide for the identification and staged procurement of resources to meet load or RPS requirements.and state specific compliance obligations. Depending upon the specific RFP, applicable laws and regulations may require PacifiCorp to file draft RFPs with the UPSC, the OPUC and the WUTC. Approval by the UPSC, the OPUC or the WUTC may be required depending on the nature of the RFPs.

A draft of PacifiCorp's 2020 All Source2022AS RFP ("2020AS RFP") was filed for approval withapproved by the WUTC in March 2022 and by the UPSC and the OPUC in April 2020. In July 2020, the UPSC2022. The 2022AS RFP was issued to market in April 2022. PacifiCorp-owned bids were due late November 2022 and the OPUC approved the 2020AS RFP, andmarket bids are due February 2023. PacifiCorp issued the 2020AS RFPexpects to the market. The 2020AS RFP sought bids for resources capable of coming online by the end of 2024 up to the level of resources identified in PacifiCorp's 2019 IRP. Bids were submitted in August 2020, and an initial shortlist was identified in October 2020. The initial shortlist includesprovide a total of 6,982 MWs of new generation and storage capacity. Of the total, 5,652 MWs are new generation resources (represented by 3,173 MWs of solar generation and 2,479 MWs of wind generation) and an additional 1,330 MWs of new battery storage assets, which includes 1,130 MWs of solar collocated battery storage and 200 MWs of stand-alone battery storage. Therecommended final shortlist of winning bids will be identifiedfor state commission and independent evaluator consideration by late June 2021.2023.

PacifiCorp has provided its customers with a comprehensive set of DSM programs to its customers since the 1970s. The programs are designed to reduce energy consumption and more effectively manage when energy is used, including management of seasonal peak loads. PacifiCorp offers services to customers such as energy engineering audits and information on how to improve the efficiency of their homes and businesses. To assist customers in investing in energy efficiency, PacifiCorp offers rebates or incentives encouraging the purchase and installation of high-efficiency equipment such as lighting, heating and cooling equipment, weatherization, motors, process equipment and systems, as well as incentives for energy project management, efficient building operations and efficient construction. Incentives are also paid to solicit participation in load management programs by residential, business and agricultural customers through programs such as PacifiCorp's residential and small commercial air conditioner load control program, battery control program and irrigation equipment load control programs. Although subject to prudence reviews, state regulations allow for recovery of costs incurred for the DSM programs through state-specific energy efficiency surcharges to retail customers or for recovery of costs through rates. During 2020,2022, PacifiCorp spent $159$167 million on these DSM programs, resulting in an estimated 574,114514,928 MWhs of first-year energy savings and an estimated 270432 MWs of peak load management. In addition to these DSM programs, PacifiCorp has load curtailment contracts with a number of large industrial customers that deliver up to 305372 MWs of load reduction when needed, depending on the customers' actual loads. Recovery of the costsoperations. Costs associated with the large industrial load managementcurtailment program are captured in the respective customers' retail special contract agreements with those customerscontracts. The corresponding recovery of costs was approved by theirthe respective state commissions or through PacifiCorp's general rate case process.

As of December 31, 2020,2022, PacifiCorp had approximately 5,2004,800 employees, of which approximately 2,90057% were covered by union contracts, principally with the International Brotherhood of Electrical Workers, the Utility Workers Union of America and the International Brotherhood of Boilermakers. For more information regarding PacifiCorp's human capital disclosures, refer to Item 1. Business - General section of this Form 10-K.

MidAmerican Funding, a wholly owned subsidiary of BHE, is a holding company headquartered in Iowa that owns all of the outstanding common stock of MHC Inc. ("MHC"), which is a holding company owning all of the common stock of MidAmerican Energy and Midwest Capital Group, Inc. ("Midwest Capital"). MidAmerican Funding and MidAmerican Energy are indirect consolidated subsidiaries of Berkshire Hathaway. MidAmerican Funding conducts no business other than activities related to its debt securities and the ownership of MHC. MHC conducts no business other than the ownership of its subsidiaries. MidAmerican Energy is a substantial portion of MidAmerican Funding's and MHC's assets, revenue and earnings.

MidAmerican Funding was formed as a limited liability company under the laws of the state of Iowa in 1999 and its principal executive offices are located at 666 Grand Avenue, Suite 500, Des Moines, Iowa 50309-2580 and its telephone number is (515) 242-4300.

MidAmerican Energy, an indirect wholly owned subsidiary of BHE, is a United StatesU.S. regulated electric and natural gas utility company headquartered in Iowa that serves 0.8 million retail electric customers in portions of Iowa, Illinois and South Dakota and 0.8 million retail and transportation natural gas customers in portions of Iowa, South Dakota, Illinois and Nebraska. MidAmerican Energy is principally engaged in the business of generating, transmitting, distributing and selling electricity and in distributing, selling and transporting natural gas. MidAmerican Energy's service territory covers approximately 11,000 square miles. Metropolitan areas in which MidAmerican Energy distributes electricity at retail include Council Bluffs, Des Moines, Fort Dodge, Iowa City, Sioux City and Waterloo, Iowa; and the Quad Cities (Davenport and Bettendorf, Iowa and Rock Island, Moline and East Moline, Illinois). Metropolitan areas in which it distributes natural gas at retail include Cedar Rapids, Des Moines, Fort Dodge, Iowa City, Sioux City and Waterloo, Iowa; the Quad Cities; and Sioux Falls, South Dakota. MidAmerican Energy has a diverse customer base consisting of urban and rural residential customers and a variety of commercial and industrial customers. Principal industries served by MidAmerican Energy include electronic data storage; processing and sales of food products; manufacturing, processing and fabrication of primary metals, farm and other non-electrical machinery; cement and gypsum products; and government. In addition to retail sales and natural gas transportation, MidAmerican Energy sells electricity principally to markets operated by RTOs and natural gas to other utilities and market participants on a wholesale basis. MidAmerican Energy is a transmission-owning member of the MISO and participates in its capacity, energy and ancillary services markets.

MidAmerican Energy's regulated electric and natural gas operations are conducted under numerous franchise agreements, certificates, permits and licenses obtained from federal, state and local authorities. The franchise agreements, with various expiration dates, are typically for 20- to 25-year terms. Several of these franchise agreements give either party the right to seek amendment to the franchise agreement at one or two specified times during the term. MidAmerican Energy generally has an exclusive right to serve electric customers within its service territories and, in turn, has an obligation to provide electricity service to those customers. In return, the state utility commissions have established rates on a cost-of-service basis, which are designed to allow MidAmerican Energy an opportunity to recover its costs of providing services and to earn a reasonable return on its investment. In Illinois, MidAmerican Energy's regulated retail electric customers may choose their energy supplier.

MidAmerican Energy was incorporated under the laws of the state of Iowa in 1995 and its principal executive offices are located at 666 Grand Avenue, Suite 500, Des Moines, Iowa 50309-2580, its telephone number is (515) 242-4300 and its internet address is www.midamericanenergy.com.

The GWhs and percentages of electricity sold to MidAmerican Energy's retail customers by jurisdiction for the years ended December 31 were as follows: