UNITED STATES
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
FORM 10-K10 - K
| [X] | ANNUAL REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934 |
For the fiscal year ended June 30,
20092011
or
| [ ] | TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934 |
For the transition period from ___________ to __________
Commission file
numbernumber: 001-15543
_____________________________
PALATIN TECHNOLOGIES, INC.
(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)
| Delaware | | 95-4078884 |
(State or other jurisdiction of incorporation or organization) | | (I.R.S. Employer Identification No.) |
| | | |
4C Cedar Brook Drive | |
Cranbury, New Jersey | | 08512 |
| (Address of principal executive offices) | | (Zip Code) |
(609) 495-2200
(Registrant'sRegistrant’s telephone number, including area code)
Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:
| | |
| Title of Each Class | | Name of Each Exchange on Which Registered |
| Common Stock, par value $.01 per share | | NYSE Amex |
Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(g) of the Act: None
| |
Indicate by check mark if the registrant is a well-known seasoned issuer, as defined in Rule 405 of the Securities Act. |
| YesoNox |
| |
Indicate by check mark if the registrant is not required to file reports pursuant to Section 13 or Section 15(d) of the Act. |
| YesoNox |
| |
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. |
| YesxNoo |
| |
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically and posted on its corporate Web site, if any, every Interactive Data File required to be submitted and posted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§ 232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit and post such files). |
| YesoNoo |
| |
Indicate by check mark if disclosure of delinquent filers pursuant to Item 405 of Regulation S-K is not contained herein, and will not be contained, to the best of the registrant’s knowledge, in definitive proxy or information statements incorporated by reference in Part III of this Form 10-K or any amendment to this Form 10-K. |
| x |
Indicate by check mark if the registrant is a well-known seasoned issuer, as defined in Rule 405 of the Securities Act. Yes [ ] No [X]
Indicate by check mark if the registrant is not required to file reports pursuant to Section 13 or Section 15(d) of the Act. Yes [ ] No [X]
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days.
Yes [X] No [ ]
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically and posted on its corporate Web site, if any, every Interactive Data File required to be submitted and posted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit and post such files). Yes [ ] No [ ]
Indicate by check mark if disclosure of delinquent filers pursuant to Item 405 of Regulation S-K is not contained herein, and will not be contained, to the best of the registrant’s knowledge, in definitive proxy or information statements incorporated by reference in Part III of this Form 10-K or any amendment to this Form 10-K. [X]
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, or a smaller reporting company. See the definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer” and “smaller reporting company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act. (Check one):
| | | |
| Large accelerated filero | | Accelerated filero |
|
| Non-accelerated filero | | Smaller reporting companyx |
| (Do not check if a smaller reporting company) | | |
| |
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act). |
| YesoNox |
Large accelerated filer [ ] Accelerated filer [ ]
Non-accelerated filer [ ] Smaller reporting company [X]
(Do not check if a smaller reporting company)
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act). Yes [ ] No [X]
State the aggregate market value of the voting and non-voting common equity held by non-affiliates, computed by reference to the price at which the common equity was last sold, or the average bid and asked price of such common equity, as of the last business day of the registrant’s most recently completed second fiscal quarter (December 31,
2008)2010):
$8,643,861.$15,858,897.
Indicate the number of shares outstanding of each of the registrant’s classes of common stock, as of the latest practicable date (September
25, 2009)20, 2011):
96,155,249.DOCUMENTS INCORPORATED BY REFERENCE
Certain portions34,900,591.
Table of this Form 10-K.Contents
PALATIN TECHNOLOGIES, INC.
TABLE OF CONTENTS
PART I
Forward-looking statements
Statements in this Annual Report on Form 10-K (this Annual Report), as well as oral statements that may be made by us or by our officers, directors, or employees acting on our behalf, that are not historical facts constitute “forward-looking statements,” which are made pursuant to the safe harbor provisions of Section 21E of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 (the Exchange Act). The forward-looking statements in this Annual Report do not constitute guarantees of future performance. Investors are cautioned that statements which are not strictly historical statements contained in this Annual Report, including, without limitation, current or future financial performance, management’s plans and objectives for future operations, clinical trials and results, product plans and performance, management’s assessment of market factors, as well as statements regarding our strategy and plans and those of our strategic partners, constitute forward-looking statements. Such forward-looking statements involve known and unknown risks, uncertainties and other factors that could cause our actual results to be materially different from our historical results or from any results expressed or implied by such forward-looking statements. Our future operating results are subject to risks and uncertainties and are dependent upon many factors, including, without limitation, the risks identified under the caption “Risk Factors” and elsewhere in this Annual Report, as well as in our other Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) filings. In this Annual Report, references to “we,” “our,” “us” or “Palatin” means Palatin Technologies, Inc. and its subsidiary.
Overview
OverviewWe are a biopharmaceutical company dedicated todeveloping targeted, receptor-specific peptide therapeutics for the developmenttreatment of peptide, peptide mimeticdiseases with significant unmet medical need and small molecule agonist compounds with a focuscommercial potential. Our programs are based on molecules that modulate the activity of the melanocortin and natriuretic peptide receptor systems. We have a diverse pipeline of activeOur primary product in development programs targeting melanocortin and natriuretic receptors, including development of proposed productsis bremelanotide for the treatment of heart failure, sexual dysfunction, obesity, diabetes and metabolic syndrome.
We currently have the following active drug development programs:
Bremelanotide, a peptide melanocortin receptor agonist, for treatment of sexual dysfunction, targeting female sexual dysfunction (FSD) and. In addition, we have drug candidates or development programs for obesity, erectile dysfunction, (ED) in patients non-responsive to current therapies.
PL-6983, a peptide melanocortin receptor agonist, for treatment of sexual dysfunction.
PL-3994, a peptide mimetic natriuretic peptide receptor A (NPRA) agonist, for treatment ofpulmonary diseases, heart failure (HF).and inflammatory diseases.
Melanocortin receptor-based compounds
The following drug candidates are actively under development:
| · | Bremelanotide, a peptide melanocortin receptor agonist, for treatment of FSD. This drug candidate is in Phase 2B clinical trials. |
| · | AZD2820, a melanocortin receptor-based compound for treatment of obesity, under development by AstraZeneca AB (AstraZeneca) pursuant to our research collaboration and license agreement. This drug candidate is in Phase 1 clinical trials. |
| · | An inhalation formulation of PL-3994, a peptide mimetic natriuretic peptide receptor A (NPR-A) agonist, for treatment of acute exacerbations of asthma. This PL-3994 formulation is in preclinical research. |
The following chart shows the status of our drug candidates, including drug candidates being developed by AstraZeneca and drug candidates for treatmentwhich we are seeking additional capital from licensing or development agreements or other sources.
We intend to utilize our existing capital resources primarily for development of bremelanotide for FSD, and related metabolic syndrome pursuantsecondarily for limited development work on PL-3994. We will not initiate the preclinical activities that are required to start clinical trials with an ongoing research collaborationinhaled formulation of PL-3994, initiate clinical trials with subcutaneous formulations of PL-3994, or initiate preclinical toxicity and global licenseother studies with AstraZeneca AB (AstraZeneca).new peptide drug candidates for sexual dysfunction unless we obtain additional capital, through collaborative arrangements or other sources, to support such activities.
Key elements of our business strategy include: using our technology and expertise to develop and commercialize
innovative therapeutic products; entering into alliances and partnerships with pharmaceutical companies to facilitate the development, manufacture, marketing, sale and distribution of product candidates
that we are developing;
and, partially funding our
product development
and discovery programs with the cash flow
generated from our
license agreement with AstraZeneca
collaboration agreement and any
future agreements with other
companies; and, depending on the availability of sufficient funding, expanding our pipeline by using our expertise in drug discovery technologies for melanocortin and natriuretic peptide receptor systems and acquiring synergistic products and technologies.companies.
We incorporated in Delaware in 1986 and commenced operations in the biopharmaceutical area in 1996. Our corporate offices and research and development facility are located at 4C Cedar Brook Drive, Cranbury, New Jersey 08512 and our telephone number is (609) 495-2200. We maintain an Internet site at http://www.palatin.com, where among other things, we make available free of charge on and through this website our Forms 3, 4 and 5, annual reports on Form 10-K, quarterly reports on Form 10-Q, current reports on Form 8-K, and amendments to those reports filed or furnished pursuant to Section 13(a) or 15(d) and Section 16 of the Exchange Act as soon as reasonably practicable after we electronically file such material with, or furnish it to, the SEC. Our website and the information contained in it or connected to it shallare not be deemed to be incorporated into this Annual Report.
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Table of Contents
Melanocortin Receptor-Specific Programs
The melanocortin system is involved in a large and diverse number of physiologic functions, and therapeutic agents modulating this system may have the potential to treat a variety of conditions and diseases, including sexual dysfunction, obesity and related disorders, ischemia–reperfusion injury (injury resulting from inadequate blood flow or reintroduction of blood flow), hemorrhagic shockcachexia (wasting syndrome) and inflammation-related diseases. Bremelanotide for Female Sexual Dysfunction.Dysfunction (FSD). We are developing subcutaneously administered bremelanotide for the treatment of
ED and FSD.FSD in premenopausal women. Bremelanotide,
which is a melanocortin agonist
(which promotes(a compound which binds to a
biologic functioncell receptor and triggers a response)
drug candidate,, is a synthetic peptide analog of the naturally occurring hormone alpha-MSH (melanocyte-stimulating hormone).
Medical Need —- FSD. FSD is a multifactorial condition that has anatomical, physiological, medical, psychological and social components. FSD includes four disorders, hypoactive sexual desire disorder, female sexual arousal disorder, sexual pain disorder and orgasmic disorder. To establish a diagnosis of FSD, these syndromes must be associated with personal distress, as determined by the affected women. The National Health and Social Life Survey, a probability sample study of sexual behavior in a demographically representative cohort of United States adults ages 18 to 59, found that approximately 43% of women have symptoms associated with FSD, with up to about 15% having associated personal distress required to establish a diagnosis of FSD.
There are no drugs in the United States approved for FSD indications.
Subcutaneous Bremelanotide. Bremelanotide, which is believed to act through activation of melanocortin receptors in the central nervous system, is a first-in-class pharmaceutical agent for treatment of FSD.
Bremelanotide is intended for “on-demand” use, and is self-administered by the patient approximately one hour prior to anticipated sexual activity. We are evaluating delivery devices, and believe that bremelanotide can be used with simple and patient-friendly disposable injector or auto-injector devices. If Phase 2 clinical trials for FSD are successful, we anticipate that Phase 3 clinical trials will be conducted with a delivery device intended for commercialization.
Ongoing Clinical Trials. We have initiated a Phase 2B clinical trial with bremelanotide for treatment of FSD. This multicenter study is a placebo-controlled, randomized, parallel group, dose-finding trial that will test three dose levels of subcutaneously administered bremelanotide in premenopausal women diagnosed with female sexual arousal disorder and/or hypoactive sexual desire disorder. The study is expected to enroll 400 premenopausal women across 40 sites within the United States and Canada, with a target of randomizing 100 patients to each of three treatment arms and a placebo arm. Patients will undergo 16 weeks of treatment. The objective of the Phase 2B trial is to measure safety and efficacy of subcutaneous doses intended for on-demand, home use. The primary efficacy endpoint is change from baseline to end of study in the number of satisfying sexual events. Results from this Phase 2B trial are anticipated in the second half of calendar year 2012. However, we can provide no assurance
that we will meet this objective or that the results of the Phase 2B trial will warrant proceeding with a Phase 3 trial and seeking regulatory approval for bremelanotide.
Prior Clinical Trials with Subcutaneous Administration. We have completed several Phase 1 clinical studies in which blood pressure effects of subcutaneously administered bremelanotide were studied. These studies suggest that transient elevations of blood pressure are dependent on both the specific patient population and the dose administered. Our ongoing Phase 2B clinical trial will address whether subcutaneous administration of selected doses of bremelanotide for treatment of FSD in premenopausal women will provide acceptable control of blood pressure effects.
Clinical Trials with Intranasal Formulations. We extensively studied bremelanotide for sexual dysfunction in nasal formulations, administered as a single spray in one nostril. Increases in blood pressure were observed in some patients receiving nasally administered bremelanotide, and this observed increase was a significant factor leading us to discontinue work on nasally administered bremelanotide. We believe that the amount of increase in blood pressure, as well as the rate of nausea and emesis (vomiting), was due, at least partially, to high doses resulting from variability in drug uptake with nasal administration. Studies showed wide variation in plasma levels of bremelanotide in patients receiving nasally administered bremelanotide.
While we are no longer developing intranasal formulations of bremelanotide for commercialization, trials with intranasal formulations of bremelanotide did demonstrate potential utility of bremelanotide. Preliminary Phase 2A clinical trials of FSD patients showed statistically significant increases in the level of sexual desire and genital arousal in post-menopausal subjects receiving nasal bremelanotide and increases in the level of sexual desire and genital arousal in premenopausal subjects receiving nasal bremelanotide, although interpretation of results with premenopausal subjects was confounded by a significant placebo effect, which is often seen in such studies. Phase 2B double-blind, placebo-controlled, parallel doses clinical trials evaluating intranasal bremelanotide for erectile dysfunction (ED), conducted in 726 non-diabetic and 294 diabetic patients, showed that over 30% of ED patients were restored to a normal level of function. In trials conducted to date, almost 2,000 patients received at least one dose of bremelanotide, with about 1,500 receiving multiple doses.
Peptide Melanocortin Receptor Agonists for Treatment of Sexual Dysfunction. We have developed a series of next generation melanocortin receptor-specific peptides for treatment of sexual dysfunction. These peptides were designed to be highly selective for the specific melanocortin receptor believed to be involved in sexual response, and FSD.thus may have an improved side effect and safety profile. In developing these peptides, we examined effectiveness in animal models of sexual response and also determined cardiovascular effects, primarily looking at changes in blood pressure. Results of these studies suggest that certain of these peptides may have significant commercial potential for treatment of either FSD or ED.
We have suspended further discovery work on our alternative melanocortin receptor-specific peptides, but intend, if we partner or license this technology or otherwise obtain sufficient financial resources, to advance one or more of the peptides we have developed into preclinical toxicology and other studies required by the United States Food and Drug Administration (FDA) prior to initiating human clinical trials for either FSD or ED.
Medical Need - ED. ED is the consistent inability to attain and maintain an erection sufficient for sexual intercourse. The condition is correlated with increasing age, cardiovascular disease, hypertension, diabetes, hyperlipidemia and smoking. In addition, certain prescription drugs and psychogeneticpsychogenic issues may contribute to ED. According to the Massachusetts Male Aging Study, more than 50% of men aged 40-70 report episodes of ED and more than 30 million men in the United States may be afflicted with some form of ED, with less than 20% seeking treatment. The incidence of ED increases with age. Studies show that chronic ED affects about 5% of men in their 40s and 15% to 25% of men by the age of 65. The current market size for ED is more than $2.5$4 billion per year. Phosphodiesterase-5 (PDE-5) inhibitors such as sildenafil (Viagra®), vardenafil (Levitra®) and tadalafil (Cialis®) are used to treat ED, but an estimated 35% of ED patients are non-responsive to PDE-5 inhibitor therapy. There are limited therapeutic options for ED patients non-responsive or inadequately responsive to PDE-5 inhibitor therapy, including alprostadil for direct penis injection or urethral suppositories, surgical penile implants and various devices. FSD is a multifactorial condition that has anatomical, physiological, medical, psychological and social components. Studies estimate FSD is prevalent in approximately 50% of women over the age of 30 and that more than 35 million women in the United States may be afflicted with some form of FSD. FSD includes disorders associated with desire, arousal, orgasm and pain.
There are no drugs in the United States approved for FSD indications.
Mechanisms of Action with Bremelanotide. Bremelanotide is believed to act through activation of melanocortin receptors in the central nervous system, which is a different mechanism of action from currently marketed PDE-5 inhibitor ED therapies that act directly on the vascular system. Studies have demonstrated efficacy with bremelanotide in patients non-responsive to PDE-5 inhibitor therapies. Studies have also demonstrated an additive effect in patients co-administered both bremelanotide and a PDE-5 inhibitor.Obesity. Clinical Trials with Intranasal Formulations. We extensively studied bremelanotide for sexual dysfunction in nasal formulations, administered as a single spray in one nostril. Increases in blood pressure were observed in some patients receiving nasally administered bremelanotide, and this observed increase was a significant factor leading us to discontinue work on nasally administered bremelanotide as a first-line therapy for sexual dysfunction. We believe that increases in blood pressure, as well as the rate of nausea and emesis (vomiting), were due, at least partially, to variability in drug uptake with nasal administration. Studies showed significant variation in plasma levels of bremelanotide in patients receiving nasally administered bremelanotide.
While we are no longer developing intranasal formulations of bremelanotide for commercialization, trials with intranasal formulations of bremelanotide did demonstrate potential utility of bremelanotide. Phase 2B double blind, placebo-controlled, parallel doses clinical trials evaluating nasal bremelanotide for ED, conducted in 726 non-diabetic and 294 diabetic patients, showed that over 30% of ED patients were restored to a normal level of function. Phase 2A clinical trials of post-menopausal FSD patients showed a statistically significant increase in the level of sexual desire and genital arousal in subjects receiving bremelanotide compared to subjects receiving placebo and, in pre-menopausal FSD patents, a trend to increases in the level of sexual desire and genital arousal in subjects receiving bremelanotide compared to subjects receiving placebo. In trials conducted to date, almost 2,000 patients received at least one dose of bremelanotide, with about 1,500 receiving multiple doses.
Subcutaneous Administration of Bremelanotide. In a recently completed Phase 1 clinical trial designed to evaluate the blood pressure effects of subcutaneously administered bremelanotide, no statistically significant difference in mean changes in blood pressure was seen in subjects receiving bremelanotide compared to placebo. No subject discontinued participation in the study as a result of protocol stopping rules based on blood pressure changes. In addition, there was no difference in the incidence of emesis in subjects receiving bremelanotide compared to placebo. This Phase 1 trial was a two-week, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study in subjects who received 45 repeat doses of bremelanotide or placebo subcutaneously. Each administered dose of
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Table of Contents
bremelanotide achieved plasma levels shown to be efficacious for improving erectile function in multiple previous Phase 1 and Phase 2 erectile dysfunction studies.
With subcutaneous administration of bremelanotide variability in plasma exposure was significantly decreased. This study supports the hypothesis that increases in blood pressure seen with nasally administered bremelanotide were due, at least partially, to variability in drug uptake, with increases in blood pressure in patients with greater uptake. With subcutaneous administration of bremelanotide, variability in plasma exposure is controlled.
We have met with the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) to discuss data from our recently completed Phase 1 bremelanotide study supporting the switch to subcutaneous administration and our development program for subcutaneously administered bremelanotide in ED patients non-responsive to PDE-5 inhibitors. Our clinical program is commencing this year, and is planned, depending on program results, concurrence of the FDA and the availability of sufficient funding, to lead to initiation of at-home Phase 2 clinical studies in the first half of calendar 2010.
We are exploring various delivery devices for subcutaneous administration of bremelanotide. Injection sites for subcutaneous injection include the abdomen, thigh and upper arms. We believe that fine needle devices, pen injectors and needle-free injector systems can be used for subcutaneous administration of bremelanotide, and we are evaluating various delivery devices for potential commercialization. If Phase 2 clinical trials are successful, we anticipate that Phase 3 clinical trials will be conducted with a delivery device intended for commercialization.
PL-6983 for Treatment of Sexual Dysfunction. PL-6983 is our lead compound in a new series of melanocortin receptor-specific peptides we have developed. We have demonstrated efficacy of PL-6983 in inducing erections in animal models and in inducing sexual behavior in an animal model of FSD.
In developing PL-6983, we used a novel screening platform that examined the effectiveness of peptides in animal models of sexual response and also determined cardiovascular effects, primarily looking at changes in blood pressure. In these animal models, PL-6983 resulted in significantly smaller increases in blood pressure at doses effective for a sexual response than blood pressure increases in the same models seen with bremelanotide.
We are planning preclinical toxicology and other studies required by the FDA prior to initiating human clinical trials. Initial human clinical trials will be designed to measure safety parameters, including changes in blood pressure following administration.
Obesity.In 2007, we entered into an exclusive global licensingresearch collaboration and research collaborationlicense agreement with AstraZeneca to discover, develop and commercialize compounds that target melanocortin receptors for the treatment of obesity, diabetes and related metabolic syndrome. In June and December 2008 and in September 2009, the collaboration agreement was amended to include additional compounds and associated intellectual property we developed. On September 24, 2009, the collaboration agreement was amended to provide additional payments to us totaling $5 milliondeveloped and to modify termsroyalty rates and milestone payments. Active work under the collaboration portion of the agreement.agreement concluded in January 2010.
AstraZeneca has commenced a Phase 1 clinical trial of AZD2820, a subcutaneously-administered peptide melanocortin receptor partial agonist, under development as a single-agent therapy for the treatment of obesity. AZD2820 is a clinical candidate selected by AstraZeneca from its collaborative research program with us.
Obesity is a multifactorial condition with significantnumerous biochemical components relating to satiety (feeling full), energy utilization and homeostasis. A number of different metabolic and hormonal pathways are being evaluated by companies around the world in efforts to develop better treatments for obesity. Scientific research has established that melanocortin receptors have a role in eating behavior and energy homeostasis, and that some melanocortin receptor agonists decrease food intake and induce weight loss. Obesity is a significant healthcare issue, often correlatedassociated with co-morbidities such as cardiovascular disease and diabetes. According to a variety of cardiovascular and other diseases, including diabetes. More2011 fact sheet from the World Health Organization, more than 1.11.5 billion adults and over 150 million children worldwide are overweight, with over 300500 million adults categorized as obese. According toOverweight and obesity is the American Obesity Association, obesity isfifth leading risk for global deaths and the second leading cause of preventable death after smoking and nearlyin the United States. About one-third of adultsAmericans are obese and another one-third are overweight. Medical costs in the United States are obese. Increased mortality, high blood pressure, diabetes and other substantial health risks are associated with being overweight and obese. Over 2.6 million deaths are attributed to diabetes each year worldwide and almost $120obesity were estimated at $147 billion is spent on related costs of obesity, according to the U.S. Surgeon General.for 2008.
We have developed classes of small molecule and peptide compounds targeting melanocortin receptors which are effective in the treatment of obesity in animal models. Certain of these compounds have been demonstrated to be effectiveshown activity in normalanimal models of both diet-induced obese and genetically obese animal models for decreasingderived obesity. These compounds appear to decrease food intake and body weight without an increaseincreases in sexual response in normal animals at the same or higher dose levels. During 2009, pursuantPursuant to an agreementclinical trial agreements with AstraZeneca, we have conducted a proof-of-principle clinical studytrials on the effects of a melanocortin receptor-specific compound on food intake, obesity and other metabolic parameters.
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Table of Contents Pursuant to the terms of theOur agreement with AstraZeneca remains in effect as long as AstraZeneca is developing a compound covered by the agreement or commercializing a product for which a royalty is owed. The agreement may be terminated by AstraZeneca at any time upon notice to us, or by either party upon notice in the event of a material breach. Upon termination by AstraZeneca without cause or by us for cause, all rights and licenses we granted to AstraZeneca terminate, but AstraZeneca remains obligated to pay royalties and milestones on compounds developed during the collaboration portion of the agreement. In the event AstraZeneca terminates the agreement because we breached the agreement, rights and licenses we granted under the agreement become permanent, with financial terms, including royalties, to be determined by arbitration.
We have received up-front and other licensing payments totaling $10.0 million. Effective with$15 million from AstraZeneca under the September 2009 amendment, weagreement. We are eligible for milestone payments totaling up to $145.2$145 million, with up to $85.2$85 million contingent upon development and regulatory milestones and the balance on achievement of sales targets, plus mid to high single digit royalties on sales of approved products. AstraZeneca has responsibility for product commercialization, product discovery and development costs. We are providing certain scientific expertise in the research collaboration at a negotiated rate through January 2010, and agreed in the September 2009 amendment to conduct additional clinical studies. Other Melanocortin Programs. We have
suspended work on early stage research and discovery programs,
exploring additional indications and targets.but are seeking to partner or license certain drug candidate programs. These programs include
development of highly-selectivehighly selective melanocortin-1
and melanocortin-3 receptor agonists for treatment of inflammation-related diseases and disorders
melanocortin-4 receptor antagonists for treatment of cachexia and melanocortin-4 receptor agonists for
preventiontreatment of
organ damage, particularly kidney damage.obesity and other indications outside the sexual dysfunction field. We do not anticipate that any
ofsignificant effort will be devoted to these programs
will advance to clinical trials during the next twelve
months.months unless we partner or license one or more of these programs or otherwise obtain sufficient financial resources. Natriuretic Peptide Receptor-Specific Programs
The natriuretic peptide receptor system has numerous cardiovascular functions, and therapeutic agents modulating this system may be useful in treatment of acute asthma, other pulmonary diseases, heart failure hypertension and other cardiovascular diseases.hypertension. While the therapeutic potential of modulating this system is well appreciated, development of therapeutic agents has been difficult due, in part, to the short biological half-life of native peptide agonists.
PL-3994 for Heart Failure Indications.PL-3994. PL-3994 is an NPRANPR-A agonist compound in development for treatment of HF.acute exacerbations of asthma, heart failure and refractory hypertension. PL-3994 activates NPR-A, a receptor known to play a role in cardiovascular homeostasis. Consistent with being an NPR-A agonist, PL-3994 increases plasma cyclic guanosine monophosphate (cGMP) levels, a pharmacological response consistent with the effects of endogenous (naturally produced) natriuretic peptides on cardiovascular function and smooth muscle relaxation. PL-3994 also decreases activity of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS), a hormone system that regulates blood pressure and fluid balance. The RAAS system is frequently over-activated in heart failure patients, leading to worsening of cardiovascular function.
PL-3994 is one of a number of natriuretic peptide receptor agonist compounds we have developed. PL-3994 is a synthetic molecule incorporating a novel and proprietary amino acid mimetic structure. Compared to native NPR-A, PL-3994 has reduced affinity for the endogenous natriuretic peptide clearance receptor and significantly increased resistance to neutral endopeptidase, an endogenous enzyme that degrades natriuretic peptides, resulting in an extended half-life.
PL-3994 for Acute Exacerbations of Asthma. Acute exacerbations of asthma, also called acute severe asthma, is an ongoing, unremitting asthma episode in which asthma symptoms do not adequately respond to initial bronchodilator therapy. Inhaled beta-2 adrenergic receptor agonists, such as albuterol, inhaled anticholinergic drugs, such as ipratropium, and systemic corticosteroids are primary treatments for episodes of acute exacerbations of asthma. Some patients with acute exacerbations of asthma become unresponsive to beta-2 adrenergic receptor agonists, significantly limiting treatment options and increasing risk. Patients who do not respond to initial therapy are at risk of severe complications.
In 2006, the most recent year reported, there were almost 1.7 million emergency room visits due to asthma, with 440,000 hospitalizations attributed to asthma. In 2008, approximately 23.3 million Americans had asthma, with a projected 2010 economic cost in the United States of $20.7 billion, of which the largest single direct medical expenditure, $5.9 billion, is for prescription drugs.
PL-3994, which is a direct relaxant of smooth muscle, works through a different pathway than beta-2 adrenergic receptor agonists and other existing therapies, and is intended to address this unmet medical need.
Research over the past two decades has demonstrated potent bronchodilator effects with both systemic and inhalation administration of natriuretic peptides. NPR-A agonism is known to relax smooth muscles in airways and works through a pathway independent of the beta-2 adrenergic receptor. Preclinical testing demonstrated potent airway smooth muscle relaxation in rat, guinea pig and human tissues using PL-3994, and animal studies in sensitized guinea pigs has demonstrated a bronchodilator effect with PL-3994 using both subcutaneous and inhalation administration.
Endogenous natriuretic peptides have a very short half-life, due primarily to degradation by neutral endopeptidase and clearance through the natriuretic peptide clearance receptor. PL-3994 is resistant to neutral endopeptidase and clears from the body much more slowly than endogenous natriuretic peptides. PL-3994 has a blood-plasma half-life of at least three hours in humans when administered by subcutaneous injection, with biological effects seen for over eight hours post-administration.
We are developing an inhalation formulation of PL-3994 and improved methods to manufacture PL-3994, and are designing preclinical inhalation toxicity and other studies that are required to start clinical trials with an inhaled formulation of PL-3994. We also have a subcutaneous formulation of PL-3994, and have planned a proof-of-concept human trial for asthma with our subcutaneous formulation for which the FDA has approved an Investigational New Drug (IND) application. We are actively exploring partnering or licensing opportunities with PL-3994, primarily to develop a potential product for treatment of acute severe asthma. We do not intend to initiate either the proof-of-concept human trial or inhalation toxicity studies unless and until we reach agreement with a partner or receive funding to support the proof-of-concept human trial or inhalation toxicity studies.
PL-3994 for Heart Failure. Heart failure is an illness in which the heart is unable to pump blood efficiently, and includes acutely decompensated HFheart failure with dyspnea (shortness of breath) at rest or with minimal activity. Endogenous (naturally produced) natriuretic peptides have a number of beneficial effects, including vasodilation (relaxation of blood vessels), natriuresis (excretion of sodium), and diuresis (excretion of fluids). Patients who have been admitted to the hospital with an episode of worsening HFheart failure have an increased risk of either death or hospital readmission in the three months following discharge. Up to 15% of patients die in this period and as many as 30% need to be readmitted to the hospital. We believe that decreasing mortality and hospital readmission in patients discharged following hospitalization for worsening HFheart failure is a large unmet medical need for which PL-3994 may be effective. PL-3994 wouldcould potentially be utilized as an adjunct to existing HFheart failure medications, and may, if successfully developed, be self-administered by patients as a subcutaneous injection following hospital discharge.Medical Need We believe that PL-3994, through activation of NPR-A, may, if successful, reduce cardiac hypertrophy (increase in Heart Failure.heart size due to disease), which is an independent risk factor for cardiovascular morbidity and mortality.
Over 5.7 million Americans suffer from HF,heart failure, with 670,000 new cases of HFheart failure diagnosed each year, with disease incidence expected to increase with the aging of the American population. Despite the treatment of HFheart failure with multiple drugs, almost all HFheart failure patients will experience at least one episode of
acute
HFheart failure that requires treatment with intravenous medications in the hospital. Heart failure has tremendous human and financial costs.
Estimated2009 estimated direct costs in the
U.S.United States for
HF areheart failure were $37.2 billion,
in 2009, with
HFheart failure constituting the leading cause of hospitalization in people over 65 years of age
and with over 1.1 million hospital discharges for
HFheart failure in 2006. Heart failure is also a high mortality disease, with approximately one-half of
HFheart failure patients dying within five years of initial diagnosis.
MechanismsWe have planned a repeat dose Phase 2 clinical trial in patients hospitalized with heart failure to evaluate safety profiles in patients given repeat doses of ActionPL-3994 as well as pharmacokinetic (period to metabolize or excrete the drug) and pharmacodynamic (period of action or effect of the drug) endpoints, but will not initiate this trial unless we reach agreement with PL-3994.a partner to fund the trial or otherwise obtain sufficient financial resources from a third party.
PL-3994 activates NPRA, a receptor known to play a role in cardiovascular homeostasis. We believe thatfor Refractory Hypertension. PL-3994 through activationmay potentially also be used for treatment of NPRA, will reduce cardiac hypertrophy,refractory or difficult-to-control hypertension, which is an independent risk factor for cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. PL-3994 increases plasma cyclic guanosine monophosphate (cGMP) levels, a pharmacological response consistent with the effects of endogenous natriuretic peptides on cardiovascular function. PL-3994 also decreases activity of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS), a hormone system that regulateshigh blood pressure despite a three-drug regimen that includes a diuretic. Refractory hypertension is commonly found in patients with congestive heart failure or renal disease. Although there is a large number of approved drugs for treatment of hypertension, there are no approved drugs for hypertension that are active through the NPR-A system. Refractory and fluid balance. The RAAS system is frequently over-activated in HF patients, leading to worsening of cardiovascular function.other difficult-to-control hypertension can be caused by increased aldosterone levels. PL-3994 is believed to act through the NPR-A system on the RAAS to decrease renin and aldosterone secretion and thereby decrease blood pressure. In a Phase 2A study of subjects with controlled hypertension, the data suggested an increased effect of PL-3994 in reducing systemic blood pressure when taken with an angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitor, a common class of drugs for controlling hypertension. PL-3994 thus may be suitable for use as an adjunct therapy to one of a number of natriuretic peptide receptor agonist compounds we have developed. PL-3994 is a synthetic molecule incorporating a novel and proprietary amino acid mimetic structure. It hasor more existing hypertension drugs, including an extended half-life, with reduced affinity for endogenous natriuretic peptide clearance receptors and significantly increased resistance to neutral endopeptidase, an endogenous enzyme that degrades natriuretic peptides.
ACE inhibitor.
Clinical Studies with PL-3994.Preclinical studies in animals established a dose-dependent effect on blood pressure and diuresis, and in animal models of
HFheart failure showed improved kidney function and prevention of cardiac
hypertrophy (increase in heart size due to disease). Safety toxicology studies were conducted in animals prior to filing an Investigational New Drug (IND) application with the FDA.hypertrophy. Human clinical studies of PL-3994 commenced with a Phase 1 trial which concluded in the first quarter of calendar year 2008. This was a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study in 26 healthy volunteers who received either PL-3994 or a placebo subcutaneously. The evaluations included safety, tolerability, pharmacokinetics and several pharmacodynamic endpoints, including levels of cGMP, a natural messenger
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nucleotide. Dosing concluded with the successful achievement of the primary endpoint of the study, a prespecified reduction in systemic blood pressure. No volunteer experienced a serious or severe adverse event. Elevations in plasma cGMP levels, increased diuresis and increased natriuresis were all observed for several hours after single subcutaneous doses.
In the second quarter of calendar year 2008, we conducted a Phase 2A trial in volunteers with controlled hypertension who were receiving one or more conventional antihypertensive medications. In this trial, which was a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, single ascending dose study in 21 volunteers, the objective was to demonstrate that PL-3994 can be given safely to patients taking antihypertensive medications commonly used in HFheart failure and hypertension patients. Dosing concluded with the successful achievement of the primary endpoint of the study, a prespecified reduction in systemic blood pressure. No volunteer experienced a serious or severe adverse event. Elevations in plasma cGMP levels were observed for several hours after single subcutaneous doses. We have planned a repeat dose Phase 2B clinical trial in patients hospitalized with HF, which will evaluate safety profiles in patients given repeat doses
Administration of PL-3994. For asthma indications we believe that inhalation administration of PL-3994 as well as pharmacokineticmay be preferable to subcutaneous or other systemic administration. For heart failure and pharmacodynamic endpoints. This trial is projected to commence, depending on sufficient funding, during the first halfrefractory hypertension indications we believe that subcutaneous administration of calendar year 2010.PL-3994 is being developed as a subcutaneously administered drug, andmay be preferable. PL-3994 is well absorbed through thisthe subcutaneous route of administration. In human studies, the pharmacokinetic (period to metabolize or excrete the drug) and pharmacodynamic (period of action or effect of the drug) half-lives were on the order of hours, significantly longer than the comparable half-lives of endogenous natriuretic peptides. We believe that subcutaneous PL-3994, if successful, will be amenable to self-administration by patients, similar to insulin and other self-administered drugs.
Other Natriuretic Peptide Receptor-Specific Programs. We have
suspended work on our early stage discovery and development programs in the natriuretic peptide receptor
field, including compounds with varied pharmacology, including compounds with increased diuretic effect and decreased effect on blood pressure, and compounds effective at more than one natriuretic peptide receptor.field. We do not anticipate that any significant effort will be devoted to these programs during the next twelve months. We previously marketed NeutroSpec®NeutroSpec®, a radiolabeled monoclonal antibody product for imaging and diagnosing infection, which is the subject of a strategic collaboration agreement with the Mallinckrodt division of Covidien Ltd. In 2005, weWe have suspended marketing, clinical trials and securing regulatory approvals of NeutroSpec, and do not anticipate conducting any substantive work or incurring substantial expenditures on NeutroSpec over the next twelve months. We useused a rational drug design approach to discover and develop proprietary peptide, peptide mimetic and small molecule agonist compounds, focusing on melanocortin and natriuretic peptide receptor systems. Computer-aided drug design models of receptors are optimized based on experimental results obtained with peptides and small molecules we develop, supported by conformational analyses of peptides in solution utilizing nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy. By integrating both technologies, we believe we are developing an advanced understanding of the factors which drive agonism. We have developed a series of proprietary technologies used in our drug development programs. One technology employs novel amino acid mimetics in place of selected amino acids. These mimetics provide the receptor-binding functions of conventional amino acids, while providing structural, functional and physiochemical advantages. The amino acid mimetic technology is employed in PL-3994, our compound in development for treatment of
HF. We maintain expertise in both peptideacute exacerbations of asthma, heart failure and small molecule chemistries, and have developed a series of drug selection technologies for selecting compounds with desired pharmacological profiles, particularly in the melanocortin receptor field. The drug selection technologies are used to develop and select melanocortin receptor-specific small molecules and peptides with novel properties, including compounds that are effective in the treatment of obesity in animal models but which induce a limited or no sexual response.
refractory hypertension.
Some compound series have been derived using our proprietary and patented platform technology, called MIDAS™ (Metal Ion-induced Distinctive Array(Metal Ion-induced Distinctive Array of Structures)Structures). This technology employs metal ions to fix the three-dimensional configuration of peptides, forming conformationally rigid molecules that remain folded specifically in their active state. These MIDAS molecules are generally simple to synthesize, are chemically and proteolytically stable, and have the potential to be orally bioavailable. In addition, MIDAS molecules are information-rich and provide data on structure-activity relationships that may be used to design small molecule, non-peptide drugs.
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Estimate of Amount Spent on Research and Development Activities
Research and development expenses were $13.4$10.4 million for the fiscal year ended June 30, 20092011 (fiscal 2009)2011) and $21.2$12.3 million for the fiscal year ended June 30, 20082010 (fiscal 2008). In fiscal 2009, $4.72010), of which $0.5 million and $3.2 million of the foregoing wasour research and development expenses for fiscal 2011 and fiscal 2010, respectively, were borne by AstraZeneca pursuant to the research collaboration agreement, and in fiscal 2008, $2.5 million of theforegoing was borne by AstraZeneca and other pharmaceutical companies pursuant to collaboration or license agreements.
agreement.
Competition
CompetitionGeneral. Our products under development will compete on the basis of quality, performance, cost effectiveness and application suitability with numerous established products and technologies. We have many competitors, including pharmaceutical, biopharmaceutical and biotechnology companies. Furthermore, there are several well-established products in our target markets that we will have to compete against. Products using new technologies which may be competitive with our proposed products may also be introduced by others. Most of the companies selling or developing competitive products have financial, technological, manufacturing and distribution resources significantly greater than ours and may represent significant competition for us.
The pharmaceutical and biotechnology
industry isindustries are characterized by extensive research efforts and rapid technological change. Many biopharmaceutical companies have developed or are working to develop products similar to ours or that address the same markets. Such companies may succeed in developing technologies and products that are more effective or less costly than any of those that we may develop. Such companies may be more successful than us in developing, manufacturing and marketing products.
We cannot guarantee that we will be able to compete successfully in the future or that developments by others will not render our proposed products under development or
ourany future product candidates obsolete or non-competitive or that our collaborators or customers will not choose to use competing technologies or products.
Bremelanotide and PL-6983 for Treatment of Female Sexual Dysfunction. There is competition and financial incentive to develop, market and sell drugs for the treatment of EDFSD, for which there is no approved drug in the United States. A number of hormonal therapies have been commercialized for other indications, including progestin, androgen and localized estrogen therapies, but none have been approved by the FDA for FSD indications. We are aware of one drug utilizing a testosterone transdermal patch which is in Phase 3 clinical trials for treatment of FSD in surgically post-menopausal women. We are also aware of a non-hormone oral drug, flibanserin, investigated for treatment of premenopausal women with hypoactive sexual desire disorder, but development of this drug was terminated following failure of the FDA to approve the drug for marketing. There are other companies reported to be developing new drugs for FSD indications, some of which may be in clinical trials in the United States or elsewhere. We are not aware of any company actively developing a melanocortin receptor agonist drug for FSD.
Melanocortin Receptor Agonists for Treatment of Erectile Dysfunction. Leading drugs approved for ED indications are PDE-5 inhibitors which target the vascular system, such as sildenafil (sold under the trade name Viagra®), vardenafil (sold under the trade name Levitra®) and tadalafil (sold under the trade name Cialis®). In
addition, we are aware of other PDE-5 inhibitors under development. Other drugs approved for ED indications include alprostadil for injection (sold under the trade name Caverject Impulse®
) among others), which is injected directly into the penis, and alprostadil in urethral suppository format (sold under the trade name MUSE®). In addition, a variety of devices, including vacuum devices and surgical penile implants, have been approved for ED indications. We are aware of a number of companies developing new drugs for ED indications,
including at least one company developing a new drug for treatment of ED not sufficiently responsive to PDE-5 inhibitors, some of which are in clinical trials in the United States and elsewhere. We are not aware of any company actively developing a melanocortin
receptor-agonistreceptor agonist drug for ED.
There are no products specifically approved
PL-3994 for an FSD indicationAcute Exacerbations of Asthma Indications. The asthma market is intensively competitive, with substantial competition and financial incentive to develop, market and sell drugs for treatment of asthma, with projected costs of prescription drugs of $5.9 billion in the United States. AStates in 2010. We are aware of companies developing drugs for the specific indications of either acute exacerbations of asthma or acute severe asthma, including at least one company with a drug reported to be currently in clinical trials. Certain of these drugs under development work by mechanisms of action different from the mechanisms of action of currently approved products. In addition, a number of hormonal therapies have been commercialized for other indications, including progestin, androgenclinical trials are conducted by hospitals, research institutes and localized estrogen therapies, but none have been approved by the FDA for FSD indications. Aothers exploring various methods and combinations of drugs to treat acute exacerbations of asthma. There are a number of drugs areand therapies currently used to treat acute exacerbations of asthma, including administration of oral or intravenous systemic steroids, use of oxygen or heliox, a mixture of helium and oxygen, nebulized short-acting beta-2 adrenergic receptor agonists, intravenous or nebulized anticholinergic agents and, for patients in various stagesor approaching respiratory arrest, intubation and mechanical ventilation. However, each of researchthese drugs or developmenttherapies has recognized limitations or liabilities, and we believe that there remains an unmet medical need for FSD.a safe and effective treatment for acute exacerbations of asthma. We are not aware of any company actively developing a melanocortin receptor-agonist drug for FSD.to relax smooth muscles in airways through a natriuretic peptide receptor pathway.
PL-3994 for Heart Failure Indications. Nesiritide (sold under the trade name Natrecor®), a recombinant human B-type natriuretic peptide drug, is marketed in the United States by Scios Inc., a Johnson & Johnson company. Nesiritide is approved for treatment of acutely decompensated congestive
HFheart failure patients who have dyspnea at rest or with minimal activity.
Carperitide,Other peptide drugs, including carperitide, a recombinant human atrial natriuretic peptide drug,
is marketed in Japan and
is reportedularitide, a synthetic form of urodilatin, a naturally occurring human natriuretic peptide related to atrial natriuretic peptide, have been investigated for treatment of congestive heart failure, but are not believed to be
available for licensing in
other countries. Both nesiritide and carperitide are administered by intravenous infusion. Because ofactive development in the
very short half-life of nesiritide, we believe it is unlikely to be suitable for subcutaneous administration or for long-term treatment of HF.United States. We are aware of
at least twoother companies developing intravenously administered natriuretic peptide drugs,
with at least one reported to be in Phase 2 clinical trials for acute
HF.heart failure. One product is under investigation for continuous and extended infusion through a subcutaneous pump. In addition, there are a number of approved drugs and drugs in development for treatment of
HFheart failure through mechanisms or pathways other than agonism of
NPRA.NPR-A. Obesity.There are several FDA-approved drugs
and medical devices for the treatment of obesity, and a large number of products in clinical development by other companies, including products which target melanocortin receptors. Clinical trials for obesity are lengthy, time-consuming and
expensive, and we may not be able to proceed if AstraZeneca discontinues work under or terminates our January 2007 license agreement.expensive. See the discussion under the heading “We do not control the development of compounds licensed to third parties and, as a result, we may not
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realize a significant portion of the potential value of any such license arrangements” in Item 1A, “Risk Factors” in this Annual Report.
Patents and Proprietary Information
Patent protection.Protection. Our success will depend in substantial part on our ability to obtain, defend and enforce patents, maintain trade secrets and operate without infringing upon the proprietary rights of others, both in the United States and abroad. We own a number of issued United States patents and have pending United States patent applications, many with issued or pending counterpart patents in selected foreign countries. We seek patent protection for our technologies and products in the United States and those foreign countries where we believe patent protection is commercially important.
We own two issued United States and foreign patents claiming the bremelanotide substance.substance; issued patents claiming the bremelanotide substance in Japan, Mexico, Austria, Belgium, Cyprus, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Ireland, Korea, Luxembourg, Monaco, Netherlands, Portugal, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, United Kingdom, Italy, Australia and New Zealand; and pending patent applications claiming the bremelanotide substance in Brazil and Canada. The issued United States patents have a term until 2020, which term may be subject to extension for a maximum period of up to five years as compensation for patent term lost during drug development and the FDA regulatory review process, pursuant to the Drug Price Competition and Patent Term Restoration Act of 1984 (the Hatch-Waxman Amendments). Whether we will be able to obtain patent term extensions under the Hatch-WaxmanHatch-
Waxman Amendments and the length of the extension to which we may be entitled cannot be determined until the FDA approves for marketing, if ever, a product in which bremelanotide is the active ingredient. In addition, the claims of issued patents covering bremelanotide may not provide meaningful protection. Further, third parties may challenge the validity or scope of any issued patent.
We havealso own an issued United States patent claiming non-oral administration of bremelanotide in combination with oral administration of a PDE-5 inhibitor. This patent has a term until 2025. However, this patent would apply only if we develop bremelanotide for use in combination therapy with a PDE-5 inhibitor. If we obtain regulatory approval for bremelanotide for use in combination therapy with a PDE-5 inhibitor, which may never occur, then the patent term may be subject to extension under the Hatch-Waxman Amendments, but we cannot presently evaluate the duration of any potential patent term extension.
We own patent applications on one class of alternative melanocortin receptor-specific peptides for treatment of sexual dysfunction which are pending in the United States, Australia, Brazil, Canada, China, India, Israel, Japan, Korea, Mexico and foreignSouth Africa and before the European and Eurasian patent offices. If any patent issues in the United States, the presumptive term will be until 2029. We also own a patent application under the Patent Cooperation Treaty for a second class of alternative melanocortin receptor-specific peptides for treatment of sexual dysfunction. We will be required to enter national stage prosecution on this application, including filing the application in countries we select, by November 2011. If we enter national stage prosecution in the United States, and if any patent issues, the presumptive term will be until 2030. Until one or more product candidates covered by a claim of one of these patent applications are developed for commercialization, which may never occur, we cannot evaluate the duration of any potential patent term extension under the Hatch-Waxman Amendments.
We own an issued United States patent claiming the PL-3994 substance and other natriuretic peptide receptor agonist compounds we have developed. Onedeveloped and an issued United States patent application claiming a precursor molecule to the PL-3994 has been allowed, butsubstance, both of which have a term until 2027. Patent applications claiming the PL-3994 substance and other compounds, including precursor molecules, are pending in Australia, Brazil, Canada, China, India, Israel, Japan, Korea, Mexico, Philippines and South Africa and before the European and Eurasian patent applications have not yet been examined, and in any event weoffices. We do not know the full scope of patent coverage we will obtain, or whether any patents will issue other than the allowed applicationUnited States patent claiming PL-3994. The allowedPL-3994 and the United States patent claiming a precursor molecule. We also own a patent application under the Patent Cooperation Treaty claiming use of PL-3994 for treatment of airway diseases, including asthma. We will havebe required to enter national stage prosecution on this application, including filing the application in countries we select, by October 2012. Until one or more product candidates covered by a term, assumingclaim of the issued patents or one of these patent issues in due course, until 2027,applications are developed for commercialization, which term may be subject to extension for a maximum periodnever occur, we cannot evaluate the duration of up to five years as compensation forany potential patent term lost during drug development and the FDA regulatory review process, pursuant to the Hatch-Waxman Amendments. Whether we will be able to obtain patent term extensionsextension under the Hatch-Waxman AmendmentsAmendments.
We additionally have twenty-six issued United States patents and
the length of the extension to which we may be entitled cannot be determined until the FDA approves for marketing, if ever, a product in which PL-3994 is the active ingredient. We have filedtwo pending patent applications on melanocortin receptor-specificreceptor specific peptides including PL-6983. Untiland small molecules, but we are not actively developing any product candidate covered by a claim of any of these patents or applications.
Under our research collaboration and license agreement with AstraZeneca, AstraZeneca is responsible for prosecution of licensed patent applications
are examined, we do not knowand maintenance of issued patents in the
scope of patent claims that will be allowed, or whether any patents will issue. We have a number of United States and foreignother countries. One patent applications claimingapplication covering a class of compounds includedis pending in the United States, and if any patent issues, the presumptive term will be until 2029. Additionally, AstraZeneca is prosecuting a patent application under the Patent Cooperation Treaty and in the United States in its name resulting from its collaboration with us, on which our employees are inventors and for which royalties would be payable under our agreement with AstraZeneca relatingif a compound covered by a claim of this application is developed for commercialization. AstraZeneca will be required to our obesity program. However, manyenter national stage prosecution on the Patent Cooperation Treaty application, including determining the countries in which AstraZeneca intends to seek patent protection, by November 2011. If any patent issues, the presumptive term will be until 2030. Neither of these patent applications have not yethas been examined, and we do not know the scope of patent claims that will be allowed, or whether any patents will issue. Additionally, until one or more compounds subject to the agreement with AstraZeneca are selecteddeveloped for commercialization, which may never occur, we cannot evaluate the duration of patents or their effect onany potential patent term extension under the program.
Hatch-Waxman Amendments.
In the event that a third party has also filed a patent application relating to an invention we claimed in a patent application, we may be required to participate in an interference proceeding adjudicated by the United States Patent and Trademark Office to determine priority of invention. The possibility of an interference proceeding could result in substantial uncertainties and cost, even if the eventual outcome is favorable to us. An adverse outcome could result in the loss of patent protection for the subject of the interference, subjecting us to significant liabilities to third parties, the need to obtain licenses from third parties at undetermined cost, or requiring us to cease using the technology.
Future patent infringement.Patent Infringement. We do not know for certain that our commercial activities will not infringe upon patents or patent applications of third parties, some of which may not even have been issued. Although we are not aware of any valid U.S.United States patents which are infringed by bremelanotide PL-3994 or PL-6983 or by our methods of making the foregoing,PL-3994, we cannot exclude the possibility that such patents might exist or arise in the future. We may be unable to avoid infringement of any such patents and may have to seek a license, defend an infringement action, or challenge the validity of such patents in court. Patent litigation is costly and time consuming. If such patents are valid and we do not obtain a license under any such patents, or we are found liable for infringement, we may be liable for significant monetary damages, may encounter significant delays in bringing products to market, or may be precluded from participating in the manufacture, use or sale of products or methods of treatment covered by such patents.8
Table of ContentsProprietary information.Information. We rely on proprietary information, such as trade secrets and know-how, which is not patented. We have taken steps to protect our unpatented trade secrets and know-how, in part through the use of confidentiality and intellectual property agreements with our employees, consultants and certain contractors. If our employees, scientific consultants, collaborators or licensees develop inventions or processes independently that may be applicable to our product candidates, disputes may arise about the ownership of proprietary rights to those inventions and processes. Such inventions and processes will not necessarily become our property, but may remain the property of those persons or their employers. Protracted and costly litigation could be necessary to enforce and determine the scope of our proprietary rights.
If trade secrets are breached, our recourse will be solely against the person who caused the secrecy breach. This might not be an adequate remedy to us, because third parties other than the person who causes the breach will be free to use the information without accountability to us. This is an inherent limitation of the law of trade secret protection.
The FDA, comparable agencies in other countries and state regulatory authorities have established regulations and guidelines which apply to, among other things, the clinical testing, manufacturing, safety, efficacy, labeling, storage, record keeping, advertising, promotion, marketing and distribution of our proposed products. Noncompliance with applicable requirements can result in fines, recalls or seizures of products, total or partial suspension of production, refusal of the regulatory authorities to approve marketing applications, withdrawal of approvals and criminal prosecution.
Before a drug product is approved by the FDA for commercial marketing, three phases of human clinical trials are usually conducted to test the safety and effectiveness of the product. Phase 1 clinical trials most typically involve testing the drug on a small number of healthy volunteers to assess the safety profile of the drug at different dosage levels. Phase 2 clinical trials, which may also enroll a relatively small number of patient volunteers, are designed to further evaluate the drug’s safety profile and to provide preliminary data as to the drug’s effectiveness in humans. Phase 3 clinical trials consist of larger, well-controlled studies that may involve several hundred or thousand patient volunteers representing the drug’s targeted population. During any of these phases, the clinical trial can be placed on clinical hold, or temporarily or permanently stopped for a variety of reasons, principally for safety concerns.
After approving a product for marketing, the FDA may require post-marketing testing, including extensive Phase 4 studies, and surveillance to monitor the safety and effectiveness of the product in general use. The FDA may withdraw product approvals if compliance with regulatory standards is not maintained or if problems occur following initial marketing. In addition, the FDA may impose restrictions on the use of a drug that may limit its marketing potential. The failure to comply with applicable regulatory requirements in the
U.S.United States and in other countries in which we conduct development activities could result in a variety of fines and sanctions, such as warning letters, product recalls, product seizures, suspension of operations, fines and civil penalties or criminal prosecution.
In addition to obtaining approval of a New Drug Application (an NDA) from the FDA for any of our proposed products, any facility that manufactures such a product must comply with current good manufacturing practices (GMPs). This means, among other things, that the drug manufacturing establishment must be registered with, and subject to inspection by, the FDA. Foreign manufacturing establishments must also comply with GMPs and are subject to periodic inspection by the FDA or by corresponding regulatory agencies in such other countries under reciprocal agreements with the FDA. In complying with standards established by the FDA, manufacturing establishments must continue to expend time, money and effort in the areas of production and quality control to ensure full technical compliance. We will use contract manufacturing establishments, in the United States or in
foreign countries, to manufacture our proposed products, and will depend on those establishments to comply with GMPs and other regulatory requirements.
Third-Party Reimbursements
Successful sales of our proposed products in the United States and other countries will depend,
in large part, on the availability of adequate reimbursement from third-party payors such as governmental entities, managed care organizations, health maintenance organizations (HMOs) and private insurance plans. Reimbursement by a third-party payor may depend on a number of factors, including the payor’s determination that the product has been approved by the FDA for the indication for which the claim is being made, that it is neither experimental nor investigational, and that the use of the product is safe and efficacious, medically necessary, appropriate for the specific patient and cost effective. Since reimbursement by one payor does not guarantee reimbursement by another, we or our licensees may be required to seek approval from each payor individually. Seeking such approvals is a time-consuming and costly process. Third-party payors routinely limit the products that they will cover and the
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amount of money that they will pay and, in many instances, are exerting significant pressure on medical suppliers to lower their prices. There is significant uncertainty concerning third-party reimbursement for the use of any pharmaceutical product incorporating new technology and we are not sure whether third-party reimbursement will be available for our proposed products once approved, or that the reimbursement, if obtained, will be adequate. There are no approved products for treating FSD, and thus is also significant uncertainty concerning the extent and scope of third-party reimbursement for products treating FSD and ED.FSD. Less than full reimbursement by governmental and other third-party payors for our proposed products would adversely affect the market acceptance of these proposed products. Further, healthcare reimbursement systems vary from country to country, and we are not sure whether third-party reimbursement will be made available for our proposed products under any other reimbursement system.
Manufacturing and Marketing
To be successful, our proposed products will need to be manufactured in commercial quantities under GMPs prescribed by the FDA and at acceptable costs. We do not have the facilities to manufacture any of our proposed products under GMPs. We intend to rely on collaborators, licensees or contract manufacturers for the commercial manufacture of our proposed products.
Our bremelanotide product candidate is a synthetic peptide. While the production process involves well-established technology, there are few manufacturers capable of scaling up to commercial quantities under GMPs at acceptable costs. We have identified
and contracted with aone third-party manufacturer for the production of bremelanotide, and have validated manufacturing of the bremelanotide drug substance under
GMPs.GMPs with that manufacturer. However, we have not negotiated a long-term supply agreement with the third-party manufacturer, and may not be able to enter into a supply agreement on acceptable terms, if at all.
Our bremelanotide product candidate will be a combination product, incorporating both the bremelanotide drug substance and a delivery device. We will rely on a third-party manufacturer to make the delivery device and the final product combination product. We have not yet selected a delivery device. Once a delivery device is selected, we will need to negotiate a long-term supply and manufacturing agreement, and may not be able to enter into such an agreement on acceptable terms, if at all.
Our PL-3994 product candidate is a peptide mimetic molecule, incorporating a proprietary amino acid mimetic structure and amino acids. We have identified a manufacturer which made the product in quantities sufficient for Phase 1 and some anticipated Phase 2 clinical trials, and are in the process of evaluating commercial-scale manufacturers. Scaling up to commercial quantities may involve production, purification, formulation and other problems not present in the scale of manufacturing done to date.
Our PL-6983
Certain of our melanocortin receptor agonist product candidate
is also aare synthetic
peptide.peptides, which we have primarily manufactured in-house. We
have manufactured PL-6983 in-house, but have not contracted with a third-party manufacturer to produce
the productthese synthetic peptides for either clinical trials or commercial purposes. While the production process involves well-established technology, there are few manufacturers capable of scaling up to commercial quantities under GMPs at acceptable costs. Additionally, scaling up to commercial quantities may involve production, purification, formulation and other problems not present in the scale of manufacturing done to date.
The failure of any manufacturer or supplier to comply with FDA GMPs or to supply the drug substance and services as agreed, would force us to seek alternative sources of supply and could interfere with our ability to deliver product on a timely and cost effective basis or at all. Establishing relationships with new manufacturers or suppliers, any of whom must be FDA-approved, is a time-consuming and costly process.
Product Liability and Insurance
Our business may be affected by potential product liability risks which are inherent in the testing, manufacturing, marketing and use of our proposed products. We have liability insurance providing up to
$10.0$10 million coverage in the aggregate as to certain clinical trial risks.
As of September
25, 2009,20, 2011, we employed
4319 persons full time, of whom
3013 are engaged in research and development activities and
136 are engaged in administration and management.
Of our employees, 15 hold Ph.D. or M.D. degrees. While we have been successful in attracting skilled and experienced scientific personnel, competition for personnel in our industry is intense. None of our employees are covered by a collective bargaining agreement. All of our employees have executed confidentiality and intellectual property agreements. We consider relations with our employees to be good.
From time to time, we hire
contractors and scientific consultants to work on specific research and development programs. We also rely on independent organizations, advisors and consultants to provide services, including aspects of manufacturing, clinical management, regulatory strategy and market research. Our independent advisors,
contractors and consultants sign agreements that provide for confidentiality of our proprietary information and
that we have the rights to any intellectual property developed while working for us.
10
Risks Relating to Our Company
We
expect towill continue to incur substantial losses over the next few years and we may never become profitable.
We have never been profitable and we may never become profitable. As of June 30,
2009,2011, we had an accumulated deficit of
$207.4$222.0 million. We expect to incur additional losses as we continue our development of bremelanotide, PL-3994 and
PL-6983.other product candidates. Unless and until we receive approval from the FDA or other equivalent regulatory authorities outside the United States, we cannot sell our products and will not have product revenues from them. Therefore, for the foreseeable future, we will have to fund all of our operations and capital expenditures from reimbursements and other contract revenue under collaborative development agreements, existing cash balances and outside sources of financing, which may not be available on acceptable terms, if at all.
We
expect that we will need to continue to raise funds in the future, and funds may not be available on acceptable terms, or at all.
As of June 30, 2009,2011, we had cash and cash equivalents of $4.4 million and available-for-sale investments of $3.4$18.9 million, with current liabilities of $1.7 million excluding the current portion of deferred revenues of $2.7$2.8 million. In August 2009,We believe we received net proceeds of $2.8 million resulting from a registered direct offering of units consisting ofhave sufficient currently available working capital to fund our common stock and warrants. In September 2009, we signed an amendment to our collaboration agreement with AstraZeneca providing for $5 million in payments to us, with an initial payment of $2.5 million and the balance in the first quarter of calendar 2010. While we believe that the foregoing is adequate to fundcurrently planned operations through at least September 30, 2010, wecalendar year 2012, including completion of our ongoing Phase 2B clinical trial with bremelanotide for the treatment of FSD, but our currently available working capital is not sufficient to complete required clinical trials for any of our product candidates. We will need additional fundsfunding to continue developmentcomplete required clinical trials and, assuming those clinical trials are successful, as to which there can be no assurance, complete submission of required regulatory applications to the FDA for any of our product candidates. We expect that the Phase 3 bremelanotide PL-3994clinical trial program for FSD will require significant additional resources and PL-6983, as well ascapital.
We do not have any source of significant recurring revenue, and must depend on financing or partnering to sustain our
early stage research and discovery programs, and to fund operations after that date.operations. We may raise additional funds through public or private equity financings, debt financings, collaborative arrangements on our product candidates or other sources. However, additional funding may not be available on acceptable terms, or at all. If adequate funds are not available when needed, we will need to further curtail operations significantly, including the delay, modification or cancelation of operations and plans, including preclinical studies and clinical trials, related to bremelanotide, PL-3994 and PL-6983. To obtain additional funding, we may need to enter into arrangements that require us to develop only certain of our product candidates or relinquish rights to certain technologies, product candidates and/or potential markets.
Based upon the recent price
If we are unable to raise sufficient additional funds when needed, we may be required to curtail operations significantly, cease clinical trials and further decrease staffing levels. We may seek to license, sell or otherwise dispose of our
common stockproduct candidates, technologies and contractual rights, including rights under our research collaboration and license agreement with AstraZeneca, on the
NYSE Amex LLC (the NYSE Amex), evenbest possible terms available. Even if we are able to
raise additional capitallicense, sell or otherwise dispose of our product candidates, technologies and contractual rights, it is likely
that our existing stockholders will experience substantial dilution. In order to raise any meaningful amount of capital, as we intend, based upon our recent stock price we will almost certainly need to sell a significant amount of equity securities, either in the form of new shares of common stock or some other form of convertible security. Any significant sale of equity securities in any form at these prices will result in significant dilution to our existing stockholders. The prospect of this dilution is likely to continue to have a negative effectbe on the market priceunfavorable terms and trading volume of our common stock until such time as an actual financing occurs.
Our common stock may be delisted from the NYSE Amex, making it difficult to trade shares of our common stock.
On December 23, 2008, we received notice from the exchange now known as NYSE Amex notifying us that NYSE Amex had determined that we did not meet continued listing standards based on a review of our Form 10-Q for the fiscal quarter ended September 30, 2008. In a letter to us, NYSE Amex stated that Palatin was not in compliance with Section 1003(a)(ii) of NYSE Amex’s Company Guide (the Company Guide) because our stockholders’ equity was less value than the required $4,000,000 andif we had losses from continuing operationsthe financial resources to develop or otherwise advance our product candidates, technologies and net losses in three of our four most recent fiscal years and not in compliance with Section 1003(a)(iii) of the Company Guide because our stockholders’ equity was less than the required $6,000,000 and we had losses from continuing operations and net losses in our five most recent fiscal years. The letter from NYSE Amex also stated that because our stock had been trading below $0.25 per share over the previous seven months, NYSE Amex deemed it appropriate for us to effect a reverse stock split in accordance with Section 1003(f)(v) of the Company Guide.
In order to maintain our NYSE Amex listing, we submitted a plan on January 23, 2009 advising NYSE Amex what we intend to do to bring us into compliance with the continued listing standards identified above by June 23, 2010. On February 27, 2009, NYSE Amex notified us that it had accepted our plan for regaining compliance, and that our listing on NYSE Amex was being continued pursuant to an extension. We may be able to continue our listing during the plan period through June 23, 2010, subject to periodic review by NYSE Amex to determine if we are making progress consistent with the plan. If we do not regain compliance with Sections 1003(a)(ii) and (iii) by
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contractual rights ourselves. Table of ContentsJune 23, 2010, or if we do not make progress consistent with the plan during the plan period, NYSE Amex may initiate delisting procedures.
If we are delisted from NYSE Amex then our common stock will trade, if at all, only on the over-the-counter market, such as the OTC Bulletin Board securities market, and then only if one or more registered broker-dealer market makers comply with quotation requirements. In addition, delisting of our common stock could further depress our stock price, substantially limit liquidity of our common stock and materially adversely affect our ability to raise capital on terms acceptable to us, or at all. Delisting from NYSE Amex could also have other negative results, including the potential loss of confidence by suppliers and employees, the loss of institutional investor interest and fewer business development opportunities.
We may implement a reverse stock split, which will reduce our trading volume and may result in a decrease in our market capitalization.
As discussed in the risk factor above, NYSE Amex deems it appropriate for us to implement a reverse stock split because our stock had been trading below $0.25 per share over a seven month period. At the annual meeting of stockholders held on May 13, 2009, the stockholders authorized a reverse stock split which, if implemented, will combine between two and fifteen shares of outstanding common stock into one share of new common stock. The reverse stock split may be implemented at any time until May 13, 2010 upon a determination by our board of directors that the reverse stock split is in the best interests of the company and its stockholders. If the board decides to proceed with the reverse split, the board will determine the exact reverse split ratio and effective date. If we do not complete a reverse stock split within a reasonable amount of time, NYSE Amex may consider suspending dealings in our common stock or initiate delisting procedures. In determining whether to proceed with the reverse split and setting the exact ratio of the split, the board will consider a number of factors, including additional funding requirements, the amount of our authorized but unissued common stock, market conditions, existing and expected trading prices of our common stock and NYSE Amex listing requirements. We anticipate that the reverse split, if the board determines to proceed with the reverse split, will be implemented in conjunction with an equity financing or other transaction. We believe it is likely that the per share market price of our common stock will increase after a reverse split. However, we cannot guarantee that our common stock price will increase, and even if it does, we cannot guarantee that the price increase:
will be proportionate to the reverse split ratio;
will last in the marketplace for any length of time;
will be sufficient to meet the listing requirements of NYSE Amex; or
will be sufficient to facilitate raising capital.
We have a limited operating history upon which to base an investment decision.
Our operations
to date have beenare primarily focused on acquiring, developing and securing our proprietary technology, conducting preclinical and clinical studies and formulating and manufacturing on a small-scale basis our principal product candidates. These operations provide a limited basis for stockholders to assess our ability to commercialize our product candidates.
We have not yet demonstrated our ability to perform the functions necessary for the successful commercialization of any of our current product candidates. The successful commercialization of our product candidates will require us to perform a variety of functions, including:
continuing to conduct preclinical development and clinical trials;
participating in regulatory approval processes;| · | continuing to conduct preclinical development and clinical trials; |
formulating and manufacturing products, or having third parties formulate and manufacture products;
post-approval pharmacovigilance;| · | participating in regulatory approval processes; |
conducting sales and marketing activities, either alone or with a partner; and
obtaining additional capital.| · | formulating and manufacturing products, or having third parties formulate and manufacture products; |
| · | post-approval monitoring and surveillance of our products; |
| · | conducting sales and marketing activities, either alone or with a partner; and |
| · | obtaining additional capital. |
If we are unable to obtain regulatory approval of any of our product candidates, to successfully commercialize any products for which we receive regulatory approval or to obtain additional capital, we may not be able to recover our investment in our development efforts.
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We may not be able to obtain regulatory approval of Contentsbremelanotide for FSD even if the product is effective in treating FSD.
Approval of bremelanotide for treatment of FSD in premenopausal women requires determination by the FDA that the product is both safe and effective. Increases in blood pressure observed in some patients receiving nasally administered bremelanotide was a significant factor leading us to discontinue work on nasally administered bremelanotide for sexual dysfunction. Studies we have conducted with subcutaneously administered bremelanotide suggest that transient elevations of blood pressure are dependent on both the specific patient population and the dose administered. Based on these studies, we believe that bremelanotide will be effective in treating FSD at doses that do not result in unacceptable increases in blood pressure or other unacceptable adverse events. However, results obtained in later phases of clinical trials, including our ongoing Phase 2B clinical trial and any future Phase 3 clinical trial, may be inconsistent with results obtained in earlier studies, and may demonstrate an unacceptable safety profile. It is also possible that safety results obtained in later phases of clinical trials will be inconclusive, and it will not be possible to predict, with any assurance, whether the FDA will approve bremelanotide for any indications. The FDA may deny or delay approval of any application for bremelanotide if the FDA determines that the clinical data do not adequately establish the safety of the drug even if efficacy is established. Bremelanotide could take a significantly longer time to obtain approval than we expect and it may never gain approval. If regulatory approval of bremelanotide is delayed or never obtained, our business and our liquidity would be adversely affected.
Development and commercialization of our product candidates involves a lengthy, complex and costly process, and we may never successfully develop or commercialize any product.
Our product candidates are at various stages of research and development, will require regulatory approval, and may never be successfully developed or commercialized. Our product candidates will require significant further research, development and testing before we can seek regulatory approval to market and sell them. We must demonstrate that our product candidates are safe and effective for use in patients in order to receive regulatory approval for commercial sale. Preclinical studies in animals, using various doses and formulations, must be performed before we can begin human clinical trials. Even if we obtain favorable results in the preclinical studies, the results in humans may be different. Numerous small-scale human clinical trials may be necessary to obtain initial data on a product candidate’s safety and efficacy in humans before advancing to large-scale human clinical trials. We face the risk that the results of our trials in later phases of clinical trials may be inconsistent with those obtained in earlier phases. Adverse or inconclusive results could delay the progress of our development programs and may prevent us from filing for regulatory approval of our product candidates. Additional factors that can cause delay or termination of our human clinical trials include:
timely completion
the rate of patient enrollment in clinical studies;
adverse medical events or side effects in treated patients;| · | the availability of sufficient capital to sustain operations and clinical trials; |
lack of effectiveness of the product being tested.
| · | timely completion of clinical site protocol approval and obtaining informed consent from subjects; |
| · | the rate of patient enrollment in clinical studies; |
| · | adverse medical events or side effects in treated patients; and |
| · | lack of effectiveness of the product being tested. |
You should evaluate us in light of these uncertainties, delays, difficulties and expenses commonly experienced by early stage biopharmaceutical companies, as well as unanticipated problems and additional costs relating to:
product approval or clearance;
regulatory compliance;| · | product approval or clearance; |
good manufacturing practices;
intellectual property rights;
product introduction; and
marketing and competition.| · | good manufacturing practices; |
| · | intellectual property rights; |
| · | product introduction; and |
| · | marketing and competition. |
The regulatory approval process is lengthy, expensive and uncertain, and may prevent us from obtaining the approvals we require.
Government authorities in the United States and other countries extensively regulate the advertising, labeling, storage, record-keeping, safety, efficacy, research, development, testing, manufacture, promotion, marketing and distribution of drug products. Drugs are subject to rigorous regulation by the FDA in the United States and similar regulatory bodies in other countries. The steps ordinarily required by the FDA before a new drug may be marketed in the United States include:
completion of non-clinical tests including preclinical laboratory and formulation studies and animal testing and toxicology;
submission to the FDA of an IND, which must become effective before clinical trials may begin;| · | completion of non-clinical tests including preclinical laboratory and formulation studies and animal testing and toxicology; |
performance of adequate and well-controlled Phase 1, 2 and 3 human clinical trials to establish the safety and efficacy of the drug for each proposed indication;
submission to the FDA of an NDA; and| · | submission to the FDA of an IND application, which must become effective before clinical trials may begin; |
FDA review and approval of the NDA before any commercial marketing or sale.
| · | performance of adequate and well-controlled Phase 1, 2 and 3 human clinical trials to establish the safety and efficacy of the drug for each proposed indication; |
| · | submission to the FDA of an NDA; |
| · | FDA review and approval of the NDA before any commercial marketing or sale; and |
| · | Compliance with post-approval commitments and requirements. |
Satisfaction of FDA pre-market approval requirements for new drugs typically takes a number of years and the actual time required for approval may vary substantially based upon the type, complexity and novelty of the product or disease. The results of product development, preclinical studies and clinical trials are submitted to the FDA as part of an NDA. The NDA also must contain extensive manufacturing information. Once the submission has been accepted for filing, the FDA generally has ten months to review the application and respond to the applicant. The review process is often significantly extended by FDA requests for additional information or clarification.
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Success in early stage clinical trials does not assure success in later stage clinical trials. Data obtained from clinical trials is not always conclusive and may be susceptible to varying interpretations that could delay, limit or prevent regulatory approval. The FDA may refer the NDA to an advisory committee for review, evaluation and recommendation as to whether the application should be approved, but the FDA is not bound by the recommendation of the advisory committee. The FDA may deny or delay approval of applications that do not meet applicable regulatory criteria or if the FDA determines that the clinical data do not adequately establish the safety and efficacy of the drug. Therefore, our proposed products could take a significantly longer time than we expect or may never gain approval. If regulatory approval is delayed or never obtained, our business and our liquidity would be adversely affected.
Upon approval, a product candidate may be marketed only in those dosage forms and for those indications approved by the FDA. Once approved, the FDA may withdraw the product approval if compliance with regulatory requirements is not maintained or if problems occur after the product reaches the marketplace. In addition, the FDA may require post-marketing studies, referred to as Phase 4 studies, to monitor the approved products in a larger number of patients than were required for product approval and may limit further marketing of the product based on the results of these post-market studies. The FDA has broad post-market regulatory and enforcement powers, including the ability to seek injunctions, levy fines and civil penalties, criminal prosecution, withdraw approvals and seize products or request recalls. If regulatory approval of any of our product candidates is granted, it will be limited to certain disease states or conditions. Adverse experiences with the product must be reported to the FDA and could result in the imposition of market restriction through labeling changes or in product removal. Product approvals may be withdrawn if compliance with regulatory requirements is not maintained or if problems concerning safety or efficacy of the product occur following approval. Outside the United States, our ability to market our product candidates will also depend on receiving marketing authorizations from the appropriate regulatory authorities. The foreign regulatory approval process generally includes all of the risks associated with FDA approval described above. The requirements governing the conduct of clinical trials and marketing authorization vary widely from country to country. At present, foreign marketing authorizations are applied for at a national level, although within the European Community, or EC, registration procedures are available to companies wishing to market a product to more than one EC member state. If the regulatory authority is satisfied that adequate evidence of safety, quality and efficiency has been presented, a marketing authorization will be granted.
If any approved product does not achieve market acceptance, our business will suffer.
Regulatory approval for the marketing and sale of any of our product candidates does not assure the product’s commercial success. Any approved product will compete with other products manufactured and marketed by major pharmaceutical and other biotechnology companies. The degree of market acceptance of any such product will depend on a number of factors, including:
perceptions by members of the healthcare community, including physicians, about its safety and effectiveness;
cost-effectiveness relative to competing products and technologies;| · | perceptions by members of the healthcare community, including physicians, about its safety and effectiveness; |
availability of reimbursement for our products from third party payors such as health insurers, health maintenance organizations and government programs such as Medicare and Medicaid; and
advantages over alternative treatment methods.| · | cost-effectiveness relative to competing products and technologies; |
| · | availability of reimbursement for our products from third party payors such as health insurers, health maintenance organizations and government programs such as Medicare and Medicaid; and |
| · | advantages over alternative treatment methods. |
If any approved product does not achieve adequate market acceptance, our business, financial condition and results of operations will be adversely affected.
We rely on third parties to conduct clinical trials for our product candidates and their failure to timely perform their obligations could significantly harm our product development.
We rely on outside scientific collaborators such as researchers at clinical research organizations and universities in certain areas that are particularly relevant to our research and product development plans, such as the conduct of clinical trials and non-clinical tests. There is competition for these relationships, and we may not be able to maintain our relationships with them on acceptable terms. These outside collaborators generally may terminate their engagements with us at any time. As a result, we can control their activities only within certain limits, and they will devote only a certain amount of their time to conduct research on our product candidates and develop them. If they do not successfully carry out their duties under their agreements with us, fail to inform us if these trials fail to
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comply with clinical trial protocols or fail to meet expected deadlines, our ability to develop our product candidates and obtain regulatory approval on a timely basis, if at all, may be adversely affected.
Delays in the completion of our ongoing Phase 2B bremelanotide clinical trials could result from slow subject enrollment, failure to timely obtain clinical trial protocol approval and informed consent from subjects, delays in obtaining, entering or analyzing clinical data, FDA interventions and other potential reasons. Delays in the completion of our ongoing Phase 2B bremelanotide clinical trials could significantly extend the time for FDA approval and commercial launch of bremelanotide, and could adversely affect our product development cost estimates. Although it is our objective to obtain results from the ongoing Phase 2B trial in the second half of
calendar year 2012, we can give no assurance that we will meet this objective, or that the results of the Phase 2B trial will warrant proceeding with a Phase 3 trial and seeking regulatory approval for bremelanotide. Any such negative developments would adversely affect our business, financial conditions and results of operations.
Production and supply of our product candidates depend on contract manufacturers over whom we have no control.
We do not have the facilities to manufacture bremelanotide, PL-3994, or PL-6983melanocortin receptor agonist compounds or our other potential products. Our contract manufacturers must perform these manufacturing activities in a manner that complies with FDA regulations. Our ability to control third-party compliance with FDA requirements will be limited to contractual remedies and rights of inspection. The manufacturers of approved products and their manufacturing facilities will be subject to continual review and periodic inspections by the FDA and other authorities where applicable, and must comply with ongoing regulatory requirements, including the FDA’s GMPs regulations. Failure of third-party manufacturers to comply with GMPs or other FDA requirements may result in enforcement action by the FDA. Failure to conduct their activities in compliance with FDA regulations could delay our development programs or negatively impact our ability to receive FDA approval of our potential products or continue marketing if they are approved. Establishing relationships with new suppliers, who must be FDA-approved, is a time-consuming and costly process.
We are subject to extensive regulation in connection with the laboratory practices and the hazardous materials we use.
We are subject to various laws and regulations regarding laboratory practices, the experimental use of animals and the use and disposal of hazardous or potentially hazardous substances in connection with our research. In each of these areas, as noted above, the FDA and other regulatory authorities have broad regulatory and enforcement powers, including the ability to levy fines and civil penalties, suspend or delay issuance of approvals, seize or recall products and withdraw approvals, any one or more of which could have a material adverse effect on us. We are also subject to numerous federal, state and local laws relating to such matters as safe working conditions, manufacturing practices, environmental protection, fire hazard control and disposal of hazardous or potentially hazardous substances. Although we have suspended research and development efforts on new product candidates, we are maintaining selected laboratory capabilities, and will be subject to regulations in connection with use of our laboratory facilities, disposal of chemicals and hazardous or potentially hazardous substances, and decommissioning and disposing of laboratory equipment. We may incur significant costs to comply with such laws and regulations now or in the future.
Contamination or injury from hazardous materials used in the development of our products could result in a liability exceeding our financial resources.
Our research and development involveshas involved the use of hazardous materials and chemicals, including radioactive compounds. We cannot completely eliminate the risk of contamination or injury from these materials. In the event of contamination or injury, we may be responsible for any resulting damages. Damages could be significant and could exceed our financial resources, including the limits of our insurance.
We have no experience in marketing, distributing and selling products and will substantially rely on our marketing partners to provide these capabilities.
We are developing bremelanotide for FSD and PL-6983may develop other melanocortin receptor agonist compounds for sexual dysfunction and PL-3994 for the treatment of asthma, heart failure and related indications. We do not have marketing partners for any of these products. If any of these products are approved by the FDA or other regulatory authorities, we must either develop marketing, distribution and selling capacity and expertise, which will be costly and time consuming, or enter into agreements with other companies to provide these capabilities. We may not be able to enter into suitable agreements on acceptable terms, if at all.
We do not control the development of compounds licensed to third parties and, as a result, we may not realize a significant portion of the potential value of any such license arrangements.
Under our research collaboration and license agreement with AstraZeneca for our melanocortin-based therapeutic compounds for obesity, diabetes and related metabolic syndrome, we have no direct control over the development of compounds and have only limited, if any, input on the direction of development efforts. If the results of development efforts are negative or inconclusive, AstraZeneca may decide to abandon further development of this program, including terminating the license agreement, by giving us notice of termination. Because much of the potential value of the license arrangement with AstraZeneca is contingent upon the successful development and commercialization of the licensed technology, the ultimate value of this license will depend on the efforts of
AstraZeneca. If AstraZeneca does not succeed in developing the licensed technology for any reason, or elects to discontinue the development of this program, we may be unable to realize the potential value of this arrangement.
Compounds developed during the collaboration phase of our agreement with AstraZeneca are subject to the same payment terms as licensed compounds, but intellectual property relating to collaboration compounds is owned by AstraZeneca. If AstraZeneca does not succeed in developing collaboration compounds, we will not realize any value with respect to those compounds.
If the market opportunities for bremelanotide and our other products in development are smaller than we anticipate, then our future revenues and business may be adversely affected.
There are no FDA approved products for treatment of FSD, and thus the size and other parameters relating to the market are not known. The market opportunity for bremelanotide may be smaller than we anticipate. If it is smaller, it may be difficult for us to find marketing partners for bremelanotide, and our ability to generate bremelanotide revenue and business may be adversely affected. This is also true with respect to PL-3994 and other products in development.
Competing products and technologies may make our proposed products noncompetitive.
There are a number of other products being developed for FSD, including a product currently in Phase 3 clinical trials. There is competition to develop drugs for treatment of FSD in both premenopausal and ED. In additionpostmenopausal patients. Our bremelanotide drug product is intended to be administered by subcutaneous injection, and a drug product for the same indication which utilizes another route of administration, such as a conventional oral drug product, may make subcutaneous bremelanotide noncompetitive.
There are three oral FDA-approved PDE-5 inhibitor drugs for the treatment of ED,
there are other approved products and devices
for ED, and other
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Table products in development for treatment of Contents
ED, including products are being developed and are in clinical trials. There is competition to develop drugs for ED in patients non-responsive to PDE-5 inhibitor drugs, and to develop drugs for treatment of FSD.
There are a large number of products approved for use in asthma, and a number of other products being developed for treatment of acute exacerbations of asthma, including products in clinical trials. There is intense competition to develop drugs for treatment of acute exacerbations of asthma.
We are aware of one recombinant natriuretic peptide product for acutely decompensated congestive HFheart failure approved and marketed in the United States, and another recombinant natriuretic peptide product approved and marketed in Japan. Clinical trials on other natriuretic peptide products are being conducted in the United States. In addition, other products for treatment of HFheart failure are either currently being marketed or in development. The biopharmaceutical industry is highly competitive. We are likely to encounter significant competition with respect to bremelanotide, PL-3994other melanocortin receptor agonist compounds and PL-6983.PL-3994. Most of our competitors have substantially greater financial and technological resources than we do. Many of them also have significantly greater experience in research and development, marketing, distribution and sales than we do. Accordingly, our competitors may succeed in developing, marketing, distributing and selling products and underlying technologies more rapidly than we can. These competitive products or technologies may be more effective and useful or less costly than bremelanotide, PL-3994other melanocortin receptor agonist compounds or PL-6983.PL-3994. In addition, academic institutions, hospitals, governmental agencies and other public and private research organizations are also conducting research and may develop competing products or technologies on their own or through strategic alliances or collaborative arrangements.
Our ability to achieve revenues from the sale of our products in development will depend, in part, on our ability to obtain adequate reimbursement from Medicare, Medicaid, private insurers and other healthcare payers.
Our ability to successfully commercialize our products in development will depend, in significant part, on the extent to which we or our marketing partners can obtain reimbursement for our products and also reimbursement at appropriate levels for the cost of our products and related treatment.products. Obtaining reimbursement from governmental payers, insurance companies, HMOs and other third-party payers of healthcare costs is a time consumingtime-consuming and expensive process. There is no guarantee that our products will ultimately be reimbursed. There is significant uncertainty concerning third-party reimbursement for the use of any pharmaceutical product incorporating new technology and we are not sure whether third-party reimbursement will be available for our proposed products once approved, or that the reimbursement, if obtained, will be adequate. There are no approved products for treating FSD, and thus is significant uncertainty concerning the extent and scope of third-party reimbursement for products treating FSD. If we are able to obtain reimbursement, continuing efforts by governmental and third party payers to contain or reduce costs of healthcare may adversely affect our future revenues and ability to achieve profitability. Third-party payers
are increasingly challenging the prices charged for diagnostic and therapeutic products and related services. Reimbursement from governmental payers is subject to statutory and regulatory changes, retroactive rate adjustments, administrative rulings and other policy changes, all of which could materially decrease the range of products for which we are reimbursed or the rates of reimbursement by government payers. In addition,
legislative proposals to reformrecent legislation reforming the healthcare system may result in lower prices or the actual inability of prospective customers to purchase our products in development. The cost containment measures that healthcare payers and providers are instituting and the effect of any healthcare reform could materially and adversely affect our ability to operate profitably. Furthermore, even if reimbursement is available, it may not be available at price levels sufficient for us to realize a positive return on our investment.
If we fail to adequately protect or enforce our intellectual property rights or secure rights to patents of others, the value of our intellectual property rights would diminish.
Our success, competitive position and future revenues will depend in part on our ability and the abilities of our licensors to obtain and maintain patent protection for our products, methods, processes and other technologies, to preserve our trade secrets, to prevent third parties from infringing on our proprietary rights and to operate without infringing the proprietary rights of third parties. We cannot predict:
the degree and range of protection any patents will afford us against competitors, including whether third parties will find ways to invalidate or otherwise circumvent our patents;
if and when patents will be issued;| · | the degree and range of protection any patents will afford us against competitors, including whether third parties will find ways to invalidate or otherwise circumvent our patents; |
whether or not others will obtain patents claiming aspects similar to those covered by our patents and patent applications; and
whether we will need to initiate litigation or administrative proceedings, which may be costly whether we win or lose.| · | if and when patents will be issued; |
| · | whether or not others will obtain patents claiming aspects similar to those covered by our patents and patent applications; and |
| · | whether we will need to initiate litigation or administrative proceedings, which may be costly whether we win or lose. |
If our products, methods, processes and other technologies infringe the proprietary rights of other parties, we could incur substantial costs and we may have to:
obtain licenses, which may not be available on commercially reasonable terms, if at all;
redesign our products or processes to avoid infringement;| · | obtain licenses, which may not be available on commercially reasonable terms, if at all; |
stop using the subject matter claimed in the patents held by others;
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pay damages;| · | redesign our products or processes to avoid infringement; |
defend litigation or administrative proceedings, which may be costly whether we win or lose, and which could result in a substantial diversion of our management resources.
| · | stop using the subject matter claimed in the patents held by others; |
| · | defend litigation or administrative proceedings, which may be costly whether we win or lose, and which could result in a substantial diversion of our management resources. |
If we are unable to keep our trade secrets confidential, our technologies and other proprietary information may be used by others to compete against us.
In addition to our reliance on patents, we attempt to protect our proprietary technologies and processes by relying on trade secret laws and agreements with our employees and other persons who have access to our proprietary information. These agreements and arrangements may not provide meaningful protection for our proprietary technologies and processes in the event of unauthorized use or disclosure of such information. In addition, our competitors may independently develop substantially equivalent technologies and processes or gain access to our trade secrets or technology, either of which could materially and adversely affect our competitive position.
We may incur substantial liabilities and may be required to limit commercialization of our products in response to product liability lawsuits.
The testing and marketing of medical products entails an inherent risk of product liability. If we cannot successfully defend ourselves against product liability claims, we may incur substantial liabilities or be required to limit commercialization of our products or cease clinical trials. Our inability to obtain sufficient product liability insurance at an acceptable cost to protect against potential product liability claims could prevent or inhibit the commercialization of pharmaceutical products we develop, alone or with corporate collaborators. We currently carry liability insurance as to certain clinical trial risks. We, or any corporate collaborators, may not in the future be able to obtain insurance at a reasonable cost or in sufficient amounts, if at all. Even if our agreements with any future
corporate collaborators entitle us to indemnification against losses, such indemnification may not be available or adequate should any claim arise.
We are highly dependent on our management team, senior
researchstaff professionals and third-party contractors and consultants, and the loss of their services could materially adversely affect our business.
We rely on our relatively small management team our employees and staff as well as various contractors and consultants to provide critical services. Our ability to execute our preclinicalbremelanotide and PL-3994 clinical programs and our preclinical programs on an inhaled formulation of PL-3994 and a new peptide drug candidate for sexual dysfunction depends on our continued retention and motivation of our management and scientific personnel,senior staff professionals, including executive officers and senior members of research,product development and management who possess significant technical expertise and experience and oversee our development programs. If we lose the services of existing key personnel, our development programs could be adversely affected if suitable replacement personnel are not recruited quickly. Our success also depends on our ability to develop and maintain relationships with contractors, consultants and scientific advisors.
There is competition for qualified personnel, contractors and consultants in the pharmaceutical industry, which makes it difficult to attract and retain the qualified personnel, contractors and consultants necessary for the development and growth of our business.
Anti-takeover provisions of Delaware law and our charter documents may make potential acquisitions more difficult and could result in the entrenchment of management.
We are incorporated in Delaware. Anti-takeover provisions of Delaware law and our charter documents may make a change in control or efforts to remove management more difficult. Also, under Delaware law, our board of directors may adopt additional anti-takeover measures. Under Section 203 of the Delaware General Corporation Law, a corporation may not engage in a business combination with an “interested stockholder” for a period of three years after the date of the transaction in which the person first becomes an “interested stockholder,” unless the business combination is approved in a prescribed manner.
Pursuant to approval by our stockholders at the annual meeting of stockholders held on May 11, 2011, we increased our authorized common stock from 40,000,000 to 100,000,000. To the extent that we sell newly authorized shares, this could have the effect of making it more difficult for a third party to acquire a majority of our outstanding voting stock.
Our charter authorizes us to issue up to 10,000,000 shares of preferred stock and to determine the terms of those shares of stock without any further action by our stockholders. If we lose the services of existing personnel or fail to attract new personnel, our development programsexercise this right, it could be adversely affected. Competitionmore difficult for personnel is intense. a third party to acquire a majority of our outstanding voting stock.
In addition, our equity incentive plans generally permit us to accelerate the vesting of options and other stock rights granted under these plans in the event of a change of control. If we may needaccelerate the vesting of options or other stock rights, this action could make an acquisition more costly.
The application of these provisions could have the effect of delaying or preventing a change of control, which could adversely affect the market price of our common stock.
Risks Relating to
hire additional personnel or consultants to increase our research and development activities if we decide to expand research and development on new product opportunities.Owning Our Common Stock
As of September
25, 2009,20, 2011, there were
19,046,38127,128,580 shares of common stock underlying outstanding
convertible preferred stock, options, warrants and restricted stock units, and stockholders may experience dilution from the
conversion of preferred stock, exercise of outstanding options and warrants and
the vesting of restricted stock units.
As of September 25, 2009,20, 2011, holders of our outstanding dilutive securities had the right to acquire the following amounts of underlying common stock:
221,106
| · | 26,865 shares issuable on the conversion of immediately convertible Series A Convertible preferred stock, subject to adjustment, for no further consideration; |
| · | 24,371,817 shares issuable on the exercise of warrants at exercise prices ranging from $1.00 to $28.20 per share, including 21,575,000 shares issuable on the exercise of warrants that are exercisable starting March 2, 2012 at an exercise price of $1.00 per share; |
| · | 2,229,898 shares issuable on the exercise of stock options, at exercise prices ranging from $1.30 to $42.50 per share; and |
7,117,529 shares issuable on the exercise of warrants, at exercise prices ranging from $0.33 to $4.00 per share;
10,203,852 shares issuable on the exercise of stock options, at exercise prices ranging from $0.13 to $5.13 per share; and
1,725,000 shares issuable under restricted stock units that vest no later than March 26, 2010,| · | 500,000 shares issuable under restricted stock units of which half vest on June 22, 2012 and the balance on June 22, 2013, subject to the fulfillment of service conditions. |
If the holders convert, exercise or receive those securities, or similar dilutive securities we may issue in the future, stockholders may experience dilution in the net tangible book value of their common stock. In addition, the sale or availability for sale of the underlying shares in the marketplace could depress our stock price. We have registered or agreed to register for resale substantially all of the underlying shares listed above. Holders of registered
17
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underlying shares could resell the shares immediately upon issuance, resultingwhich could result in significant downward pressure on our stock.
stock price.
Our stock price is
volatile and we expect it to remain volatile, which could limit investors’ ability to sell stock at a profit.
The volatile price of our stock makes it difficult for investors to predict the value of their investment, to sell shares at a profit at any given time, or to plan purchases and sales in advance. A variety of factors may affect the market price of our common stock. These include, but are not limited to:
publicity regarding actual or potential clinical results relating to products under development by our competitors or us;
delay or failure in initiating, completing or analyzing preclinical or clinical trials or unsatisfactory designs or results of these trials;| · | publicity regarding actual or potential clinical results relating to products under development by our competitors or us; |
interim decisions by regulatory agencies, including the FDA, as to clinical trial designs, acceptable safety profiles and the benefit/risk ratio of products under development;
achievement or rejection of regulatory approvals by our competitors or by us;| · | delay or failure in initiating, completing or analyzing preclinical or clinical trials or unsatisfactory designs or results of these trials; |
announcements of technological innovations or new commercial products by our competitors or by us;
developments concerning proprietary rights, including patents;| · | interim decisions by regulatory agencies, including the FDA, as to clinical trial designs, acceptable safety profiles and the benefit/risk ratio of products under development; |
developments concerning our collaborations;
regulatory developments in the U.S. and foreign countries;| · | achievement or rejection of regulatory approvals by our competitors or by us; |
economic or other crises and other external factors;
period-to-period fluctuations in our revenue and other results of operations;| · | announcements of technological innovations or new commercial products by our competitors or by us; |
changes in financial estimates by securities analysts; and
sales of our common stock.| · | developments concerning proprietary rights, including patents; |
| · | developments concerning our collaborations; |
| · | regulatory developments in the United States and foreign countries; |
| · | economic or other crises and other external factors; |
| · | period-to-period fluctuations in our revenue and other results of operations; |
| · | changes in financial estimates by securities analysts; and |
| · | sales of our common stock. |
We will not be able to control many of these factors, and we believe that period-to-period comparisons of our financial results will not necessarily be indicative of our future performance. If our revenues, if any, in any particular period do not meet expectations, we may not be able to adjust our expenditures in that period, which could cause our operating results to suffer further. If our operating results in any future period fall below the expectations of securities analysts or investors, our stock price may fall by a significant amount. For the 12 month period ended August 31, 2009,2011, the price of our stock has been volatile, ranging from a high of $1.05$1.90 per share to a low of $0.06$0.70 per share. In addition, the stock market in general, and the market for biotechnology companies in particular, has experienced extreme price and volume fluctuations that may have been unrelated or disproportionate to the operating performance of individual companies. These broad market and industry factors may seriously harm the market price of our common stock, regardless of our operating performance.Anti-takeover provisions of Delaware law
We have implemented a reverse stock split, which has reduced our trading volume and our charter documents may make potential acquisitions more difficult and could result in a decrease in our market capitalization.
Effective September 27, 2010, we implemented a one-for-ten reverse stock split. This reverse stock split was implemented because we had received notice that the entrenchment of management. We are incorporated in Delaware. Anti-takeover provisions of Delaware law andNYSE Amex, the exchange on which our charter documents may makecommon stock is listed, deemed it appropriate for us to effect a change in control or efforts to remove management more difficult. Also, under Delaware law, our board of directors may adopt additional anti-takeover measures. Under Section 203reverse stock split because of the Delaware General Corporation Law, a corporation may not engage in a business combination with an "interested stockholder" for a period of three years after the date of the transaction in which the person first becomes an "interested stockholder," unless the business combination is approved in a prescribed manner.
Our charter authorizes us to issue up to 10,000,000 shares of preferred stock and to determine the terms of those shares of stock without any further action by our stockholders. If we exercise this right, it could be more difficult for a third party to acquire a majority of our outstanding voting stock.
In addition, our equity incentive plans generally permit us to accelerate the vesting of options and other stock rights granted under these plans in the event of a change of control. If we accelerate the vesting of options or other stock rights, this action could make an acquisition more costly.
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The application of these provisions could have the effect of delaying or preventing a change of control, which could adversely affect the marketlow selling price of our common stock.
We cannot guarantee that the price increase of our common stock price resulting from the reverse split will:
| · | be proportionate to the reverse split ratio; |
| · | last in the marketplace for any length of time; |
| · | be at a price sufficient to meet the listing requirements of the NYSE Amex; or |
| · | be sufficient to facilitate raising capital. |
We do not intend to pay cash dividends in the foreseeable future.
We do not anticipate paying any cash dividends in the foreseeable future and intend to retain future earnings, if any, for the development and expansion of our business. In addition, the terms of existing or future agreements may limit our ability to pay dividends. Therefore, our stockholders will not receive a return on their shares unless the value of their shares increases. We have broad discretion over the use of available cash and may not realize an adequate return. We have considerable discretion in the application of available cash and have not fixed the amounts that we will apply to various corporate purposes, including potential acquisitions. We may use cash for purposes that do not yield a significant return, if any, for our stockholders.
Item 1B. Unresolved Staff Comments.
Inapplicable.
Our corporate offices and research and development facilities are located at 4C Cedar Brook Drive, Cedar Brook Corporate Center, Cranbury, NJ 08512, where we lease approximately 28,000 square feet under a lease which expires in July 17, 2012. We also lease 10,000 square feet of additional office space and 12,000 square feet of laboratory space in two other buildingsanother building in the same center under leasesa lease that expireexpires in 2015 and 2012, respectively.2015. The 10,000 square feet of additional office space is subleased to a third party under a sublease that expires inFebruary 2012. The leased properties are in good condition.
Item 3. Legal Proceedings.
We are involved, from time to time, in various claims and legal proceedings arising in the ordinary course of our business. We are not currently a party to any such claims or proceedings that, if decided adversely to us, would either individually or in the aggregate have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition or results of operations.
Item 4. Submission of Matters to a Vote of Security Holders.(Removed and Reserved)
Incorporated by reference to Item 4, Part II of our Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended March 31, 2009, filed with the SEC on May 15, 2009.
19
PART II
Item 5. Market for Registrant'sRegistrant’s Common Equity, Related Stockholder Matters and Issuer Purchases of Equity Securities.
The table below provides, for the fiscal quarters indicated, the reported high and low sales prices for
theour common stock on the NYSE Amex since July 1,
2007. | | |
| FISCAL YEAR ENDED JUNE 30, 2009 | HIGH | LOW |
| Fourth Quarter | $0.37 | $0.10 |
| Third Quarter | 0.14 | 0.06 |
| Second Quarter | 1.05 | 0.06 |
| First Quarter | 0.34 | 0.11 |
| | | |
| FISCAL YEAR ENDED JUNE 30, 2008 | HIGH | LOW |
| Fourth Quarter | $0.29 | $0.17 |
| Third Quarter | 0.46 | 0.20 |
| Second Quarter | 0.47 | 0.19 |
| First Quarter | 2.09 | 0.39 |
2009. Prices per share of our common stock have been adjusted for the one-for-ten reverse stock split on September 27, 2010 on a retroactive basis.
| FISCAL YEAR ENDED JUNE 30, 2011 | HIGH | LOW |
Fourth Quarter | $1.38 | $0.79 |
Third Quarter | 1.45 | 0.78 |
Second Quarter | 1.90 | 0.84 |
First Quarter | 2.40 | 1.26 |
| | | |
| FISCAL YEAR ENDED JUNE 30, 2010 | HIGH | LOW |
Fourth Quarter | $3.50 | $1.70 |
Third Quarter | 3.70 | 2.50 |
Second Quarter | 4.40 | 2.30 |
First Quarter | 4.80 | 2.20 |
Our common stock has been
quotedlisted on NYSE Amex under the symbol
PTN“PTN” since December 21, 1999. It previously traded on The Nasdaq SmallCap Market under the symbol
PLTN.“PLTN.”
Holders
of common stock. On September 25, 2009, we had approximately 237 holders of record of common stock. On September
25, 2009,20, 2011, we had approximately 226 record holders of common stock and the closing sales price of our common stock as reported on the NYSE Amex was
$0.34$0.65 per share.
Dividends and dividend policy.policy. We have never declared or paid any dividends. We currently intend to retain earnings, if any, for use in our business. We do not anticipate paying dividends in the foreseeable future.
Dividend restrictions.restrictions. Our outstanding Series A Preferred Stock, consisting of 4,997 shares on September
25, 2009,20, 2011, provides that we may not pay a dividend or make any distribution to holders of any class of stock unless we first pay a special dividend or distribution of $100 per share to the holders of the Series A Preferred Stock.
Equity Compensation Plan Information. Reference is made to the information contained in the Equity Compensation Plan table contained in Item 12 of this Annual Report, which is incorporated here by reference.Report.
Item 6. Selected Financial Data.
Not applicable.
Item 7. Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations. The following discussion and analysis should be read in conjunction with the consolidated financial statements and notes to the consolidated financial statements filed as part of this Annual Report.
Critical Accounting Policies. Our significant accounting policies are described in Note 2 to the consolidated financial statements included in this Annual Report. We believe that our accounting policies and estimates relating to revenue recognition, accrued expenses and stock-based compensation charges are the most critical. Revenue from corporate collaborations and licensing agreements consists of up-front fees, research and development funding and milestone payments. Non-refundable up-front fees are deferred and amortized to revenue on a straight-line basis over the related performance period. We estimate the performance period as the period in which we perform certain development activities under the applicable agreement. Reimbursements for research and development activities are recorded in the period that we perform the related activities under the terms of the applicable agreements. Revenue resulting from the achievement of milestone events stipulated in the applicable agreements is recognized when the milestone is achieved, provided that such milestone is substantive in nature. Revenue from grants is recognized as we provide the services stipulated in the underlying grants based on the time and materials incurred.
The $10.0 million upfront payment received in January 2007 under the AstraZeneca agreement has been deferred and is being recognized as revenue on a straight-line basis over the maximum period during which we may perform research services under the agreement. If our estimated period of performance is reduced to less than the maximum, the amortization period for any remaining deferred revenue will also be reduced. In 2004, we entered into a collaborative development and marketing agreement with King Pharmaceuticals, Inc. (King) to jointly develop and commercialize bremelanotide, which agreement was terminated effective
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December 2007. Deferred revenue relatedadditional $5.0 million received pursuant to the King agreement hadSeptember 2009 amendment has been recognized as revenue over the estimated period of our performance duringended January 2010, the initial development term of this agreement. In connection with the terminationcompletion of the agreement, we recognized as revenue in our fiscal year ended June 30, 2008 all remaining deferred up-front license fees received from King, together with associated deferred costs, inresearch collaboration portion of the amounts of $6.5 millionlicensing and $0.8 million, respectively.
research collaboration agreement.
Third parties perform a significant portion of our development activities are performed by third parties.activities. We review the activities performed under significant contracts each quarter and accrue expenses and the amount of any reimbursement to be received from our collaborators based upon the estimated amount of work completed. Estimating the value or stage of completion of certain services requires judgment based on available information. If we do not identify services performed for us but not billed by the service-provider, or if we underestimate or overestimate the value of services performed as of a given date, reported expenses will be understated or overstated.
The fair value of stock options granted has been calculated using the Black-Scholes option pricing model, which requires us to make estimates of expected volatility and expected option lives. We estimate these factors at the time of grant based on our own prior experience, public sources of information and information for comparable companies. The amount of recorded compensation related to an option grant is not adjusted for subsequent changes in these estimates or for actual experience. The amount of our recorded compensation is also dependent on our estimates of future option forfeitures and the probability of achievement of performance conditions. If we initially over-estimate future forfeitures, our reported expenses will be understated until such time as we adjust our estimate. Changes in estimated forfeitures will affect our reported expenses in the period of change and future periods. The amount and timing of compensation expense to be recorded in future periods related to grants of restricted stock units may be affected by employment terminations. As a result, stock-based compensation charges may vary significantly from period to period. Year Ended June 30,
20092011 Compared to the Year Ended June 30,
2008:2010:
Revenue – For the fiscal year ended June 30, 20092011 (fiscal 2009)2011), we recognized $11.4$1.5 million in revenue, which includes $1.0 million of federal grants under the Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act of 2010, compared to $11.5$14.2 million for the fiscal year ended June 30, 20082010 (fiscal 2008)2010). Revenue consisted of the following: | | | | | |
Fiscal 2009
| | Fiscal 2008 | | Revenue related to: | |
|
$11.4 million | | $3.0 million | | our license agreement with AstraZeneca | |
|
- | | $8.2 million | | bremelanotide for ED and FSD pursuant to our collaboration agreement with King, which was terminated effective December 2007 | |
|
- | | $0.3 million | | NeutroSpec, pursuant to our collaboration agreement with Mallinckrodt. | |
Revenue from AstraZeneca for fiscal 20092011 consisted of $0.5 million of reimbursement of development costs and per-employee compensation, earned at the contractual rate. Revenue from AstraZeneca for fiscal 2008 consists2010 consisted of $9.7$3.2 million and $1.3 million, respectively, of revenue related to our research services performed, during those periods, and $1.7$11.0 million and $1.7 million, respectively, of revenue related to AstraZeneca’s up-front license fee. Currently,In connection with the completion of the research services obligation under ourcollaboration portion of the licensing and research collaboration agreement, with AstraZeneca expires in January 2010, subject to renewal. The fluctuation inwe recognized as revenue related to King reflects the recognition in fiscal 2008 of the2010 all remaining deferred license revenue pursuant to King’s up-front payment, based on the termination of our collaboration agreement with King. Contract revenue from Mallinckrodt, with whom we have a strategic collaboration agreement to develop NeutroSpec, primarily reflects Mallinckrodt’s share of the costs incurred in NeutroSpec development activities. There were no substantive development activities on NeutroSpec in fiscal 2009, and we do not anticipate any substantive development activities on NeutroSpec in the fiscal year ending June 30, 2010, though the agreement with Mallinckrodt has not been terminated. Future contract revenue from AstraZeneca and Mallinckrodt, in the form of reimbursement of shared development costs or the recognition of deferred license fees will fluctuate based on development activities in our obesity and NeutroSpec programs.received from AstraZeneca. We may also earn contract revenue based on the attainment of development milestones.
Research and Development – Research and development expenses decreased to
$13.4$10.4 million for fiscal
20092011 compared to
$21.2$12.3 million for fiscal
2008.2010. The decrease is the result of
the restructuringreducing staffing levels pursuant to our strategic decision announced in September 2010 to focus resources and efforts on clinical trials of
our clinical-stage product portfoliobremelanotide and
PL-3994 and preclinical development
programsof an inhaled formula of PL-3994 and
the reduction in workforce initiated in May 2008.21
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Research and development expenses related solely to bremelanotidea new peptide drug candidate for ED and FSD decreased approximately $3.0 million, from $3.2 million in fiscal 2008 to $0.2 million for fiscal 2009. Similar to the recognition of license revenue explained above, we recognized $0.8 million in fiscal 2008 of recorded deferred costs based on the termination of our collaboration agreement with King.
sexual dysfunction.
Research and development expenses related to our bremelanotide, PL-3994,
PL-6983,peptide melanocortin agonist, obesity, NeutroSpec and other preclinical programs were $3.9 million
for bothand $4.1 million in fiscal
2009years 2011 and
fiscal 2008.2010, respectively. Spending to date has been primarily related
to our Phase 2B clinical trial evaluating the efficacy and safety of bremelanotide for the treatment of FSD and secondarily to the identification and optimization of lead compounds and
secondarily to
a study
of the effects of melanocortin receptor-specific compounds on food intake, obesity and other metabolic parameters and
preclinical studies, a Phase 1 and a Phase 2A trial with PL-3994 and additional preclinical studies and a Phase 1 trial with subcutaneously administered bremelanotide. The amount of such spending and the nature of future development activities are dependent on a number of factors, including primarily the availability of funds to support future development activities, success of our clinical
trial,trials and preclinical and discovery programs, and our ability to progress compounds in addition to bremelanotide and PL-3994 into human clinical trials.
The historical amounts of project spending above exclude general research and development spending, which decreased to $9.3$6.5 million for fiscal 20092011 compared to $14.1$8.2 million for fiscal 2008. The2010. This decrease is primarily relatedthe result
of reducing staffing levels pursuant to
the reductionour strategic decision announced in
workforce initiated in May 2008.September 2010 to focus resources and efforts on clinical trials of bremelanotide and PL-3994 and preclinical development of an inhaled formula of PL-3994 and a new peptide drug candidate for sexual dysfunction.
Cumulative spending from inception to June 30, 20092011 on our bremelanotide, NeutroSpec (a previously marketed imaging product on which all work is suspended) and other programs (which includes PL-3994, PL-6983,other melanocortin receptor agonists, obesity and other discovery programs) amounts to approximately $126.8$141.4 million, $55.5$55.6 million and $51.0$58.9 million, respectively. Due to various risk factors described in this Annual Report, including the difficulty in currently estimating the costs and timing of future Phase 1 clinical trials and larger-scale Phase 2 and Phase 3 clinical trials for any product under development, we cannot predict with reasonable certainty when, if ever, a program will advance to the next stage of development or be successfully completed, or when, if ever, related net cash inflows will be generated. See Item 1A —- Risk Factors. General and Administrative – General and administrative expenses decreased to
$5.3$4.8 million for fiscal
20092011 compared to
$6.9$4.9 million for fiscal
2008.2010. The decrease is
primarily relatedthe result of reducing staffing levels pursuant to
our strategic decision announced in September 2010 to focus resources and efforts on clinical trials of bremelanotide and PL-3994 and preclinical development of an inhaled formula of PL-3994 and a new peptide drug candidate for sexual dysfunction, offset by the
reductiongranting of cash and equity bonuses to employees approved by our compensation committee in
workforce initiated in May 2008.June 2011. Income Tax Benefit – Income tax benefits of
$1.7$0.6 million in fiscal
20092011 and
$1.3$1.0 million in fiscal
20082010 relate to the sale of New Jersey state net operating loss carryforwards. The amount of such losses and tax credits that we are able to sell depends on annual pools and allocations established by the state of New Jersey.
Year Ended June 30, 2010 Compared to the Year Ended June 30, 2009:
Revenue – For the fiscal year ended June 30, 2010 (fiscal 2010), we recognized $14.2 million in revenue compared to $11.4 million for the fiscal year ended June 30, 2009 (fiscal 2009) pursuant to our research collaboration and license agreement with AstraZeneca.
Revenue from AstraZeneca for fiscal 2010 and fiscal 2009 consists of $3.2 million and $9.7 million, respectively, of revenue related to our research services performed during those periods, and $11.0 million and $1.7 million, respectively, of revenue related to AstraZeneca’s up-front license fee. In connection with the completion of the research collaboration portion of the research collaboration and license agreement, we recognized as revenue in fiscal 2010 all remaining deferred up-front license fees received from AstraZeneca. Future contract revenue from AstraZeneca, in the form of reimbursement of development costs, will fluctuate based on development activities in our obesity program. We may also earn contract revenue based on the attainment of development milestones.
Research and Development – Research and development expenses decreased to $12.3 million for fiscal 2010 compared to $13.4 million for fiscal 2009. The decrease is the result of the restructuring of our clinical-stage product portfolio and development programs.
Research and development expenses related to our bremelanotide, other melanocortin receptor agonists, PL-3994, obesity, NeutroSpec and other preclinical programs were $4.1 million in each of fiscal years 2010 and 2009. Spending to date has been primarily related to the identification and optimization of lead compounds, and secondarily to study the effects of melanocortin receptor-specific compounds on food intake, obesity and other metabolic parameters and preclinical studies and a Phase 1 trial with subcutaneously administered bremelanotide. The amount of such spending and the nature of future development activities are dependent on a number of factors, including primarily the availability of funds to support future development activities, success of our clinical trials and preclinical and discovery programs, and our ability to progress compounds in addition to bremelanotide and PL-3994 into human clinical trials.
The historical amounts of project spending above exclude general research and development spending, which decreased to $8.2 million for fiscal 2010 compared to $9.3 million for fiscal 2009. The decrease is primarily related to management’s refinement of operations and expense control.
Cumulative spending from inception to June 30, 2010 on our bremelanotide, NeutroSpec and other programs (which include PL-3994, other melanocortin receptor agonists, obesity and other discovery programs) amounts to $133.2 million, $55.5 million and $56.8 million, respectively. Due to various risk factors described in this Annual Report, including the difficulty in currently estimating the costs and timing of future Phase 1 clinical trials and larger-scale Phase 2 and Phase 3 clinical trials for any product under development, we cannot predict with reasonable certainty when, if ever, a program will advance to the next stage of development or be successfully completed, or when, if ever, related net cash inflows will be generated.
General and Administrative – General and administrative expenses decreased to $4.9 million for fiscal 2010 compared to $5.3 million for fiscal 2009. The decrease is primarily related to management’s refinement of operations and expense control.
Income Tax Benefit – Income tax benefits of $1.0 million in fiscal 2010 and $1.7 million in fiscal 2009 relate to the sale of New Jersey state net operating loss carryforwards. The amount of such losses and tax credits that we are able to sell depends on annual pools and allocations established by the state of New Jersey.
Liquidity and Capital Resources Since inception, we have incurred net operating losses, primarily related to spending on our research and development programs. We have financed our net operating losses primarily through equity financings and amounts received under collaborative agreements.
Our product candidates are at various stages of development and will require significant further research, development and testing and some may never be successfully developed or commercialized. We may experience uncertainties, delays, difficulties and expenses commonly experienced by early stage biopharmaceutical companies, which may include unanticipated problems and additional costs relating to:
the development and testing of products in animals and humans;
product approval or clearance;| · | the development and testing of products in animals and humans; |
regulatory compliance;
good manufacturing practices;| · | product approval or clearance; |
intellectual property rights;
marketing, sales and competition; and
obtaining sufficient capital.| · | good manufacturing practices; |
| · | intellectual property rights; |
| · | marketing, sales and competition; and |
| · | obtaining sufficient capital. |
Failure to
enter into collaboration agreements and obtain timely regulatory approval for our product candidates and indications would impact our ability to increase revenues and could make it more difficult to attract investment capital for funding our operations. Any of these possibilities could materially and adversely affect our operations and require us to curtail or cease certain programs.
22
Table of ContentsDuring fiscal 2009,2011, we used $5.4$11.0 million of cash for our operating activities, compared to $20.6$5.7 million used in fiscal 20082010 and $22.1$5.4 million used in fiscal 2007.2009. Higher net cash outflows from operations in fiscal 2011 resulted primarily from lower revenues. Net cash outflows from operations in fiscal 20092010 were favorably impacted by the decrease in research and development expenses and the receipt of $6.6$5.0 million in additional payments from AstraZeneca. Net cash outflows from operations in fiscal 20072009 were favorably impacted by the receipt of an up-front license payment of $10.0 million$6.6 in additional payments from AstraZeneca in January 2007.AstraZeneca. Our periodic accounts receivable balances will continue to be highly dependent on the timing of receipts from collaboration partners and the division of development responsibilities between us and our collaboration partners.
In
During fiscal 2009, net2011, cash provided by investing activities was $0.7$3.4 million consistingfrom the sale of available-for-sale investments. During fiscal 2010 and 2009, cash provided by investing activities consisted mainly of the sale of propertysupplies and equipment. Inequipment amounting to $45,000 and $0.7 million, respectively.
During fiscal 2008,2011, cash provided by financing activities was approximately $21.0 million, primarily from net proceeds pursuant to the completion of our firm commitment public offering that closed on March 1, 2011 offset by payments on capital lease obligations of $23,000 and payment of withholding taxes related to restricted stock units of $26,000. The offering consisted of the sale of 23,000,000 units at a price to the public of $1.00 per unit. The units consisted of 23,000,000 shares of our common stock, Series A warrants to purchase 2,000,000 shares of our common stock, and Series B warrants to purchase 21,000,000 shares of our common stock. During fiscal 2010, net cash used in investingprovided by financing activities was $1.3$6.7 million, consistingprimarily reflecting the aggregate net proceeds of $0.3approximately $7.0 million used forfrom the acquisitionsales in August 2009, February 2010 and June 2010 of capital equipment948,485 units, 962,963 units and $1.0 million used1,000,000 units, respectively, in registered direct offerings. Each unit from the August 2009 offering consisted of one share of common stock and a five-year warrant to purchase available-for-sale investments, compared to $0.9 million used0.35 shares of common stock. Each unit from the February 2010 offering consisted of one share of common stock, a Series A warrant exercisable for the acquisition0.33 shares of capital equipment duringour common stock and a Series B warrant exercisable for 0.33 shares of common stock. During fiscal 2007. For fiscal
2009, net cash used in financing activities was $0.3 million, consisting entirely of payments on capital lease obligations.
During fiscal 2008, net cash used in financing activities was $0.2 million, consisting of $0.3 million in payments on capital lease obligations partially offset by $0.1 million in proceeds from the exercise of common stock warrants. During fiscal 2007, net cash provided by financing activities was $26.0 million, primarily reflecting proceeds from the sale of common stock in a registered offering in February 2007.We have incurred cumulative negative cash flows from operations since our inception, and have expended, and expect to continue to expend in the future, substantial funds to complete our planned product development efforts. As of June 30, 2009,2011, our cash and cash equivalents were $4.4$18.9 million and our available-for-sale investmentscurrent liabilities were $3.4 million. In August 2009, we sold 9,484,848 units in a registered direct offering for gross proceeds of $3.1 million. Each unit consisted of one share of common stock and a five-year warrant to purchase 0.35 shares of common stock at an exercise price of $0.33 per share. Net proceeds to us, after offering costs, amounted to approximately $2.8 million.
In September 2009, we signed an amendment to our collaboration agreement with AstraZeneca which provides for $5 million in payments to us, with an initial payment of $2.5 million payable on signing and the balance payable in the first quarter of calendar 2010.
We believe that our cash and cash equivalents and available-for-sale investments as of June 30, 2009, together with proceeds from the August 2009 registered direct offering, expected receipts from the September 2009 amendment to our AstraZeneca agreement and other income,2011, are adequate to fund our planned operations, including completion of our ongoing Phase 2B clinical trial with bremelanotide for FSD, through at least September 30, 2010.calendar year 2012. We will need additional fundshave made the strategic decision to continuefocus resources and efforts on our Phase 2B clinical trial with bremelanotide for FSD, while conducting limited development work on PL-3994, including development of bremelanotide, PL-3994 and PL-6983, as well as our early stagean inhaled formulation of PL-3994. We have ceased research and discoverydevelopment efforts on new product candidates. However, we do not intend to expend substantial amounts on PL-3994, new peptide drug candidates for sexual dysfunction or other programs unless we obtain additional capital, through collaborative arrangements or other sources, to support such activities.
These funds are not sufficient to complete all of the clinical trials required for product approval for any of our products. We expect that the Phase 3 bremelanotide clinical trial program for FSD, which will not commence before calendar year 2013, will require significant additional resources and to fund operations after that date.capital. We intend to seek additional capital through public or private equity or debt financings, collaborative arrangements on our product candidates, milestone payments or other sources. However, sufficient additional funding to support projected operations, including Phase 3 clinical trials with bremelanotide or preclinical studies and clinical trials with PL-3994, or both, may not be available on acceptable terms or at all. If adequate funds areadditional funding is not available, we will further curtail operations significantly, including the delay, modification or cancelation of product candidate development plans and further decreases in staffing levels. We may also be required to seek collaborators for our product candidates at an earlier stage than otherwise would be desirable and on terms that are less favorable than might otherwise be available, and relinquish, license or otherwise dispose of rights on unfavorable terms to technologies and product candidates that we would otherwise seek to develop or commercialize ourselves.
The nature and timing of our development activities are highly dependent on our financing activities. No assurance can be given that we will earn future milestone payments that are contingent on specified events or that we will not consume a significant amount of our available resources before that time. We plan to continue to monitor the progress of our development programs and the timing and amount of related expenditures and potential milestone receipts, refine our operations, control expenses, evaluate alternative methods to conduct our business and seek additional financing and sharing of development costs through strategic collaboration agreements or other resources.
We anticipate incurring additional losses over at least the next few years. To achieve profitability, if ever, we, alone or with others, must successfully develop and commercialize our technologies and proposed products, conduct preclinical studies and clinical trials, obtain required regulatory approvals and successfully manufacture and market such technologies and proposed products. The time required to reach profitability is highly uncertain, and we do not know whether we will be able to achieve profitability on a sustained basis, if at all.
23
Table of Contents
Off-Balance Sheet Arrangements
We have entered into various contractual obligations and commercial commitments. The following table summarizes our most significant contractual obligations as of June 30,
2009: | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | | | |
Payments due by Period |
| | | | |
Total | | | Less than 1
Year | | |
1 - 3 Years | | |
3 - 5 Years | | | More than 5
Years |
|
| |
| Facility operating leases | | | $ | 7,092,802 | | $ | 2,144,401 | | $ | 4,192,515 | | $ | 530,711 | | $ | 225,175 | |
| Capital lease obligations | | | | 130,913 | | | 93,806 | | | 37,107 | | | - | | | - | |
| License agreements | | | | 225,000 | | | 15,000 | | | 30,000 | | | 30,000 | | | 150,000 | |
| |
| Total contractual obligations | | | $ | 7,448,715 | | $ | 2,253,207 | | $ | 4,259,622 | | $ | 560,711 | | $ | 375,175 | |
2011:
| | Payments due by Period |
| | Total | Less than 1 Year | 1 - 3 Years | 3 - 5 Years | More than 5 Years |
| Facility operating leases | $ 2,297,435 | $ 1,541,549 | $ 530,711 | $ 225,175 | - |
| Capital lease obligations | 84,934 | 39,581 | 45,353 | - | - |
| License agreements | 210,000 | 15,000 | 30,000 | 30,000 | 135,000 |
| Total contractual obligations | $ 2,592,369 | $ 1,596,130 | $ 606,064 | $ 255,175 | $ 135,000 |
Our license agreements also include royalty and other contingent payment obligations and may be terminated by us under certain conditions. Our license agreementsagreement related to NeutroSpec require royalty payments on commercial net sales and payments of up to $2.25 million contingent on the achievement of specified cumulative net margins on sales by Mallinckrodt. No contingent amounts will be payable related to NeutroSpec unless we recommence sales and marketing of NeutroSpec. We do not expect to make any such contingent payments during the next twelve months.
24
Item 7A. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk. Not applicable.
Item 8. Financial Statements and Supplementary Data.
Consolidated Financial Statements
The following consolidated financial statements of the Company are filed as part of this Annual Report:
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REPORT OF INDEPENDENT REGISTERED PUBLIC ACCOUNTING FIRM
The Board of Directors and Stockholders
Palatin Technologies, Inc.:
We have audited the accompanying consolidated balance sheets of Palatin Technologies, Inc. and subsidiary (the Company) as of June 30, 20092011 and 2008,2010, and the related consolidated statements of operations, stockholders’ equity and comprehensive loss and cash flows for each of the years in the three-year period ended June 30, 2009.2011. These consolidated financial statements are the responsibility of the Company’s management. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on these consolidated financial statements based on our audits. We conducted our audits in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States). Those standards require that we plan and perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the financial statements are free of material misstatement. An audit includes examining, on a test basis, evidence supporting the amounts and disclosures in the financial statements. An audit also includes assessing the accounting principles used and significant estimates made by management, as well as evaluating the overall financial statement presentation. We believe that our audits provide a reasonable basis for our opinion. In our opinion, the consolidated financial statements referred to above present fairly, in all material respects, the financial position of Palatin Technologies, Inc. and subsidiary as of June 30,
20092011 and
2008,2010, and the results of their operations and their cash flows for each of the years in the three-year period ended June 30,
2009,2011, in conformity with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles.
Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
September 28, 2009
21, 2011
Consolidated Balance Sheets
| | | | | | | | | |
| | | June 30, 2009 | | June 30, 2008 |
| ASSETS | | | | | | | | |
| Current assets: | | |
| Cash and cash equivalents | | | $ | 4,378,662 | | | $ | 9,421,770 | |
| Available-for-sale investments | | | | 3,439,650 | | | | 3,352,771 | |
| Accounts receivable | | | | 508,528 | | | | 5,747 | |
| Prepaid expenses and other current assets | | | | 492,824 | | | | 484,362 | |
| Total current assets | | | | 8,819,664 | | | | 13,264,650 | |
| |
| Property and equipment, net | | | | 3,650,783 | | | | 5,128,076 | |
| Restricted cash | | | | 475,000 | | | | 475,000 | |
| Other assets | | | | 254,364 | | | | 257,198 | |
| Total assets | | | $ | 13,199,811 | | | $ | 19,124,924 | |
| |
| LIABILITIES AND STOCKHOLDERS' EQUITY | | |
| Current liabilities: | | |
| Capital lease obligations | | | $ | 87,675 | | | $ | 263,128 | |
| Accounts payable | | | | 206,363 | | | | 635,183 | |
| Accrued expenses | | | | 1,420,741 | | | | 1,666,628 | |
| Accrued compensation | | | | - | | | | 767,509 | |
| Deferred revenue | | | | 6,995,553 | | | | 1,666,669 | |
| Total current liabilities | | | | 8,670,332 | | | | 4,999,117 | |
| |
| Capital lease obligations | | | | 33,954 | | | | 121,629 | |
| Deferred rent | | | | 1,182,026 | | | | 1,479,794 | |
| Deferred revenue | | | | - | | | | 5,972,220 | |
| Total liabilities | | | | 9,886,312 | | | | 12,572,760 | |
| |
| Commitments and contingencies (Note 8) | | |
| |
| Stockholders' equity: | | |
| Preferred stock of $0.01 par value - authorized 10,000,000 shares; | | |
| Series A Convertible; issued and outstanding 4,997 shares as of June | | |
| 30, 2009 and 2008, respectively | | | | 50 | | | | 50 | |
| Common stock of $0.01 par value - authorized 150,000,000 shares; | | |
| issued and outstanding 86,662,901 and 85,524,077 shares as of June | | |
| 30, 2009 and 2008, respectively | | | | 866,629 | | | | 855,241 | |
| Additional paid-in capital | | | | 209,712,379 | | | | 208,247,194 | |
| Accumulated other comprehensive income | | | | 116,111 | | | | 29,117 | |
| Accumulated deficit | | | | (207,381,670 | ) | | | (202,579,438 | ) |
| Total stockholders' equity | | | | 3,313,499 | | | | 6,552,164 | |
| Total liabilities and stockholders' equity | | | $ | 13,199,811 | | | $ | 19,124,924 | |
| | | June 30, 2011 | | June 30, 2010 |
| ASSETS | | | | |
| Current assets: | | | | |
| Cash and cash equivalents | | $ 18,869,639 | | $ 5,405,430 |
| Available-for-sale investments | | - | | 3,462,189 |
| Accounts receivable | | 131,149 | | 2,879 |
| Prepaid expenses and other current assets | | 261,947 | | 393,313 |
| Total current assets | | 19,262,735 | | 9,263,811 |
| | | | | |
| Property and equipment, net | | 1,305,331 | | 2,388,365 |
| Restricted cash | | 350,000 | | 475,000 |
| Other assets | | 254,787 | | 261,701 |
| Total assets | | $ 21,172,853 | | $ 12,388,877 |
| | | | | |
| LIABILITIES AND STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY | | | | |
| Current liabilities: | | | | |
| Capital lease obligations | | $ 34,923 | | $ 19,670 |
| Accounts payable | | 496,908 | | 155,795 |
| Accrued expenses | | 1,854,007 | | 2,219,466 |
| Accrued compensation | | 374,094 | | - |
| Unearned revenue | | 46,105 | | - |
| Total current liabilities | | 2,806,037 | | 2,394,931 |
| | | | | |
| Capital lease obligations | | 42,186 | | 14,284 |
| Deferred rent | | 132,855 | | 661,389 |
| Total liabilities | | 2,981,078 | | 3,070,604 |
| | | | | |
| Commitments and contingencies (Note 7) | | | | |
| | | | | |
| Stockholders’ equity: | | | | |
| Preferred stock of $0.01 par value – authorized 10,000,000 shares; | | | | |
| Series A Convertible; issued and outstanding 4,997 shares as of June 30, 2011 and 2010, respectively | | 50 | | 50 |
| Common stock of $0.01 par value – authorized 100,000,000 shares; issued and outstanding 34,900,591 and 11,702,818 shares as of June 30, 2011 and 2010, respectively | | 349,006 | | 117,028 |
| Additional paid-in capital | | 239,832,826 | | 218,236,723 |
| Accumulated other comprehensive income | | - | | 138,650 |
| Accumulated deficit | | (221,990,107) | | (209,174,178) |
| Total stockholders’ equity | | 18,191,775 | | 9,318,273 |
| Total liabilities and stockholders’ equity | | $ 21,172,853 | | $ 12,388,877 |
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.
Consolidated Statements of Operations
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | | Year Ended June 30, |
| | | 2009 | | 2008 | | 2007 |
| |
| REVENUES: | | $ | 11,351,774 | | | $ | 11,483,287 | | | $ | 14,405,665 | |
| |
| OPERATING EXPENSES: | | |
| Research and development | | | 13,356,751 | | | | 21,187,762 | | | | 36,913,739 | |
| General and administrative | | | 5,296,859 | | | | 6,928,295 | | | | 7,293,091 | |
| Total operating expenses | | | 18,653,610 | | | | 28,116,057 | | | | 44,206,830 | |
| |
| Loss from operations | | | (7,301,836 | ) | | | (16,632,770 | ) | | | (29,801,165 | ) |
| |
| OTHER INCOME (EXPENSE): | | |
| Investment income | | | 233,319 | | | | 1,030,452 | | | | 1,324,671 | |
| Interest expense | | | (26,159 | ) | | | (73,495 | ) | | | (53,339 | ) |
| Gain on sale of property and equipment | | | 550,968 | | | | - | | | | - | |
| Total other income, net | | | 758,128 | | | | 956,957 | | | | 1,271,332 | |
| |
| Loss before income taxes | | | (6,543,708 | ) | | | (15,675,813 | ) | | | (28,529,833 | ) |
| Income tax benefit | | | 1,741,476 | | | | 1,291,444 | | | | 778,308 | |
| |
| NET LOSS | | $ | (4,802,232 | ) | | $ | (14,384,369 | ) | | $ | (27,751,525 | ) |
| |
| Basic and diluted net loss per common share | | $ | (0.06 | ) | | $ | (0.17 | ) | | $ | (0.36 | ) |
| |
| Weighted average number of common shares outstanding used in | | |
| computing basic and diluted net loss per common share | | | 86,370,306 | | | | 85,220,575 | | | | 76,204,160 | |
| | Year Ended June 30, |
| | 2011 | | 2010 | | 2009 |
| | | | | | |
| REVENUES | | | | | |
| License and contract | $ 497,540 | | $ 14,180,727 | | $ 11,351,774 |
| Grant | 977,917 | | - | | - |
| Total revenues | 1,475,457 | | 14,180,727 | | 11,351,774 |
| | | | | | |
| OPERATING EXPENSES: | | | | | |
| Research and development | 10,377,019 | | 12,293,910 | | 13,356,751 |
| General and administrative | 4,751,824 | | 4,901,203 | | 5,296,859 |
| Total operating expenses | 15,128,843 | | 17,195,113 | | 18,653,610 |
| | | | | | |
| Loss from operations | (13,653,386) | | (3,014,386) | | (7,301,836) |
| | | | | | |
| OTHER INCOME (EXPENSE): | | | | | |
| Investment income | 99,258 | | 141,635 | | 233,319 |
| Interest expense | (10,606) | | (13,165) | | (26,159) |
| Increase in fair value of warrants | (2,266) | | - | | - |
| Gain on sale of securities | 119,346 | | - | | - |
| Gain (loss) on disposition of supplies and equipment | (5,666) | | 95,000 | | 550,968 |
| Total other income, net | 200,066 | | 223,470 | | 758,128 |
| | | �� | | | |
| Loss before income taxes | (13,453,320) | | (2,790,916) | | (6,543,708) |
| Income tax benefit | 637,391 | | 998,408 | | 1,741,476 |
| | | | | | |
| NET LOSS | $ (12,815,929) | | $ (1,792,508) | | $ (4,802,232) |
| | | | | | |
| Basic and diluted net loss per common share | $ (0.64) | | $ (0.18) | | $ (0.56) |
| | | | | | |
| Weighted average number of common shares outstanding used in computing basic and diluted net loss per common share | 20,084,022 | | 9,861,215 | | 8,637,030 |
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.
Consolidated Statements of Stockholders’ Equity and Comprehensive Loss
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | Accumulated | |
| | Additional | Other | |
| | Preferred Stock | Common Stock | Paid-in | Comprehensive | Accumulated | |
| | Shares | Amount | Shares | Amount | Capital | Income (Loss) | Deficit | Total |
| Balance, July 1, 2006 | | | | 9,997 | | $ | 100 | | | 70,878,521 | | $ | 708,785 | | $ | 178,089,176 | | $ | (54,736 | ) | $ | (160,443,544 | ) | $ | 18,299,781 | |
| Sale of common shares, net of costs | | | | - | | | - | | | 13,750,000 | | | 137,500 | | | 25,372,402 | | | - | | | - | | | 25,509,902 | |
| Conversion of preferred shares | | | | (5,000 | ) | | (50 | ) | | 199,203 | | | 1,992 | | | (1,942 | ) | | - | | | - | | | - | |
| Exercise of options and warrants | | | | - | | | - | | | 299,191 | | | 2,992 | | | 688,976 | | | - | | | - | | | 691,969 | |
| Stock-based compensation | | | | - | | | - | | | - | | | - | | | 1,726,825 | | | - | | | - | | | 1,726,825 | |
| Comprehensive loss: | | |
| Unrealized loss on investments | | | | - | | | - | | | - | | | - | | | - | | | (7,192 | ) | | - | | | (7,192 | ) |
| Reclassification adjustment for realized | | |
| losses included in net loss | | | | - | | | - | | | - | | | - | | | - | | | 61,928 | | | - | | | 61,928 | |
| Net loss | | | | - | | | - | | | - | | | - | | | - | | | - | | | (27,751,525 | ) | | (27,751,525 | ) |
| Total comprehensive loss | | | | | (27,696,789 | ) |
| Balance, June 30, 2007 | | | | 4,997 | | | 50 | | | 85,126,915 | | | 851,269 | | | 205,875,438 | | | - | | | (188,195,069 | ) | | 18,531,688 | |
| Exercise of options and warrants | | | | - | | | - | | | 77,254 | | | 773 | | | 109,456 | | | - | | | - | | | 110,229 | |
| Stock-based compensation | | | | - | | | - | | | 319,908 | | | 3,199 | | | 2,262,300 | | | - | | | - | | | 2,265,499 | |
| Comprehensive loss: | | |
| Unrealized gain on investments | | | | - | | | - | | | - | | | - | | | - | | | 29,117 | | | - | | | 29,117 | |
| Net loss | | | | - | | | - | | | - | | | - | | | - | | | - | | | (14,384,369 | ) | | (14,384,369 | ) |
| Total comprehensive loss | | | | | (14,355,252 | ) |
| Balance, June 30, 2008 | | | | 4,997 | | | 50 | | | 85,524,077 | | | 855,241 | | | 208,247,194 | | | 29,117 | | | (202,579,438 | ) | | 6,552,164 | |
| Stock-based compensation | | | | - | | | - | | | 1,138,824 | | | 11,388 | | | 1,465,185 | | | - | | | - | | | 1,476,573 | |
| Comprehensive loss: | | |
| Unrealized gain on investments | | | | - | | | - | | | - | | | - | | | - | | | 86,994 | | | - | | | 86,994 | |
| Net loss | | | | - | | | - | | | - | | | - | | | - | | | - | | | (4,802,232 | ) | | (4,802,232 | ) |
| Total comprehensive loss | | | | | (4,715,238 | ) |
| Balance, June 30, 2009 | | | | 4,997 | | $ | 50 | | | 86,662,901 | | $ | 866,629 | | $ | 209,712,379 | | $ | 116,111 | | $ | (207,381,670 | ) | $ | 3,313,499 | |
| | | | | | | | Accumulated | | |
| | | | | | | Additional | Other | | |
| | Preferred Stock | | Common Stock | Paid-in | Comprehensive | Accumulated | |
| | Shares | Amount | | Shares | Amount | Capital | Income | Deficit | Total |
| Balance, June 30, 2008 | 4,997 | $ 50 | | 8,552,408 | $ 85,524 | $ 209,016,911 | $ 29,117 | $ (202,579,438) | $ 6,552,164 |
| Stock-based compensation | - | - | | 113,882 | 1,139 | 1,475,434 | - | - | 1,476,573 |
| Comprehensive loss: | | | | | | | | | |
| Unrealized gain on investments | - | - | | - | - | - | 86,994 | - | 86,994 |
| Net loss | - | - | | - | - | - | - | (4,802,232) | (4,802,232) |
| Total comprehensive loss | | | | | | | | | (4,715,238) |
| Balance, June 30, 2009 | 4,997 | 50 | | 8,666,290 | 86,663 | 210,492,345 | 116,111 | (207,381,670) | 3,313,499 |
| Sale of common stock units, net of costs | - | - | | 2,911,448 | 29,114 | 6,931,491 | - | - | 6,960,605 |
| Exercise of options | - | - | | 6,725 | 67 | 11,371 | - | - | 11,438 |
| Stock-based compensation | - | - | | 172,500 | 1,725 | 966,836 | - | - | 968,561 |
| Payment of withholding taxes related to restricted | | | | | | | | | |
| stock units | - | - | | (54,145) | (541) | (165,320) | | | (165,861) |
| Comprehensive loss: | | | | | | | | | |
| Unrealized gain on investments | - | - | | - | - | - | 22,539 | - | 22,539 |
| Net loss | - | - | | - | - | - | - | (1,792,508) | (1,792,508) |
| Total comprehensive loss | | | | | | | | | (1,769,969) |
| Balance, June 30, 2010 | 4,997 | 50 | | 11,702,818 | 117,028 | 218,236,723 | 138,650 | (209,174,178) | 9,318,273 |
| Stock split adjustment for fractional shares | - | - | | (46) | - | - | - | - | - |
| Sale of common stock units, net of costs | - | - | | 23,000,000 | 230,000 | 15,688,150 | - | - | 15,918,150 |
| Reclassification of warrants from liability to equity | - | - | | - | - | 5,115,130 | - | - | 5,115,130 |
| Exercise of warrants | - | - | | 32,200 | 322 | 64,078 | - | - | 64,400 |
| Stock-based compensation | - | - | | 183,500 | 1,835 | 754,762 | - | - | 756,597 |
| Payment of withholding taxes related to restricted | | | | | | | | | |
| stock units | - | - | | (17,881) | (179) | (26,017) | - | - | (26,196) |
| Realized gain on sale of securities | - | - | | - | - | - | (119,346) | - | (119,346) |
| Comprehensive loss: | | | | | | | | | |
| Unrealized loss on investments | - | - | | - | - | - | (19,304) | - | (19,304) |
| Net loss | - | - | | - | - | - | - | (12,815,929) | (12,815,929) |
| Total comprehensive loss | | | | | | | | | (12,835,233) |
| Balance, June 30, 2011 | 4,997 | $ 50 | | 34,900,591 | $ 349,006 | $ 239,832,826 | $ - | $ (221,990,107) | $ 18,191,775 |
| | | | | | | | | | |
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.
Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | | Year Ended June 30, |
| | | 2009 | | 2008 | | 2007 |
| CASH FLOWS FROM OPERATING ACTIVITIES: | | | | | | | | | | | |
| Net loss | | $ | (4,802,232 | ) | | $ | (14,384,369 | ) | | $ | (27,751,525 | ) |
| Adjustments to reconcile net loss to net cash | | |
| used in operating activities: | | |
| Depreciation and amortization | | | 1,364,644 | | | | 1,393,077 | | | | 1,449,577 | |
| Gain on sale of property and equipment | | | (550,968 | ) | | | - | | | | - | |
| Realized loss on investments | | | - | | | | - | | | | 61,928 | |
| Stock-based compensation | | | 1,476,573 | | | | 2,265,499 | | | | 1,726,825 | |
| Changes in operating assets and liabilities: | | |
| Accounts receivable | | | (502,781 | ) | | | 602,094 | | | | (538,250 | ) |
| Prepaid expenses and other assets | | | (5,513 | ) | | | 1,115,350 | | | | 673,991 | |
| Accounts payable | | | (428,820 | ) | | | (485,711 | ) | | | (1,972,068 | ) |
| Accrued expenses and other liabilities | | | (1,311,164 | ) | | | (1,414,834 | ) | | | (2,300,113 | ) |
| Deferred revenues | | | (683,336 | ) | | | (9,669,031 | ) | | | 6,598,403 | |
| Net cash used in operating activities | | | (5,443,597 | ) | | | (20,577,925 | ) | | | (22,051,232 | ) |
| |
| CASH FLOWS FROM INVESTING ACTIVITIES: | | |
| Purchase of available-for-sale investments | | | - | | | | (1,000,012 | ) | | | - | |
| Sale of property and equipment | | | 700,000 | | | | - | | | | - | |
| Purchases of property and equipment | | | (36,383 | ) | | | (263,938 | ) | | | (862,471 | ) |
| Net cash provided by (used in) investing | | |
| activities | | | 663,617 | | | | (1,263,950 | ) | | | (862,471 | ) |
| |
| CASH FLOWS FROM FINANCING ACTIVITIES: | | |
| Payments on capital lease obligations | | | (263,128 | ) | | | (294,199 | ) | | | (173,764 | ) |
| Proceeds from common stock, stock option | | |
| and warrant issuances | | | - | | | | 110,229 | | | | 26,201,871 | |
| Net cash provided by (used in) financing | | |
| activities | | | (263,128 | ) | | | (183,970 | ) | | | 26,028,107 | |
| |
| NET INCREASE (DECREASE) IN CASH | | |
| AND CASH EQUIVALENTS | | | (5,043,108 | ) | | | (22,025,845 | ) | | | 3,114,404 | |
| |
| CASH AND CASH EQUIVALENTS, beginning | | |
| of year | | | 9,421,770 | | | | 31,447,615 | | | | 28,333,211 | |
| |
| CASH AND CASH EQUIVALENTS, end of year | | $ | 4,378,662 | | | $ | 9,421,770 | | | $ | 31,447,615 | |
| |
| SUPPLEMENTAL CASH FLOW INFORMATION: | | |
| Cash paid for interest | | $ | 36,959 | | | $ | 58,495 | | | $ | 53,339 | |
| Equipment acquired under financing arrangements | | | - | | | | 186,989 | | | | 316,862 | |
| Unrealized gain (loss) on available-for-sale | | |
| investments | | | 86,994 | | | | 29,117 | | | | (7,192 | ) |
| | Year Ended June 30, |
| | 2011 | | 2010 | | 2009 |
| CASH FLOWS FROM OPERATING ACTIVITIES: | | | | | |
| Net loss | $ (12,815,929) | | $ (1,792,508) | | $ (4,802,232) |
| Adjustments to reconcile net loss to net cash | | | | | |
| used in operating activities: | | | | | |
| Depreciation and amortization | 1,138,183 | | 1,269,413 | | 1,364,644 |
| Loss (gain) on sale/disposition of supplies and equipment | 5,666 | | (95,000) | | (550,968) |
| Gain on sale of available-for-sale investments | (119,346) | | - | | - |
| Stock-based compensation | 756,597 | | 968,561 | | 1,476,573 |
| Amortization of deferred revenue | - | | (11,905,553) | | (683,336) |
| Increase in fair value of warrants | 2,266 | | - | | - |
| Changes in operating assets and liabilities: | | | | | |
| Accounts receivable | (128,270) | | 505,649 | | (502,781) |
| Prepaid expenses, restricted cash and other assets | 263,280 | | 92,174 | | (5,513) |
| Accounts payable | 341,113 | | (50,568) | | (428,820) |
| Accrued expenses, compensation and deferred rent | (519,899) | | 278,088 | | (1,311,164) |
| Deferred revenues | - | | 5,000,000 | | - |
| Unearned revenue | 46,105 | | - | | - |
| Net cash used in operating activities | (11,030,234) | | (5,729,744) | | (5,443,597) |
| | | | | | |
| CASH FLOWS FROM INVESTING ACTIVITIES: | | | | | |
| Proceed from sale of available-for-sale investments | 3,442,885 | | - | | - |
| Proceeds from sale of supplies and equipment | 5,300 | | 45,000 | | 700,000 |
| Purchases of property and equipment | - | | (6,995) | | (36,383) |
| Net cash provided by investing activities | 3,448,185 | | 38,005 | | 663,617 |
| | | | | | |
| CASH FLOWS FROM FINANCING ACTIVITIES: | | | | | |
| Payments on capital lease obligations | (22,960) | | (87,675) | | (263,128) |
| Payment of withholding taxes related to restricted stock units | (26,196) | | (165,861) | | - |
| Proceeds from sale of common stock units and exercise of | | | | | |
| Common stock options and warrants | 21,095,414 | | 6,972,043 | | - |
Net cash provided by (used in) financing activities | 21,046,258 | | 6,718,507 | | (263,128) |
| | | | | | |
| NET INCREASE (DECREASE) IN CASH | | | | | |
| AND CASH EQUIVALENTS | 13,464,209 | | 1,026,768 | | (5,043,108) |
| | | | | | |
| CASH AND CASH EQUIVALENTS, beginning | | | | | |
| of year | 5,405,430 | | 4,378,662 | | 9,421,770 |
| | | | | | |
| CASH AND CASH EQUIVALENTS, end of year | $ 18,869,639 | | $ 5,405,430 | | $ 4,378,662 |
| | | | | | |
| SUPPLEMENTAL CASH FLOW INFORMATION: | | | | | |
| Cash paid for interest | $ 10,606 | | $ 13,165 | | $ 36,959 |
| Equipment acquired under financing arrangements | 66,115 | | - | | - |
Unrealized gain (loss) on available-for-sale investments | (19,304) | | 22,539 | | 86,994 |
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.
and Subsidiary
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
Nature of Business - – Palatin Technologies, Inc. (Palatin or the Company) is a biopharmaceutical company dedicated to
developing targeted, receptor-specific peptide therapeutics for the
developmenttreatment of
peptide, peptide mimeticdiseases with significant unmet medical need and
small molecule agonist compounds with a focuscommercial potential. Palatin’s programs are based on
molecules that modulate the activity of the melanocortin and natriuretic peptide receptor systems.
Palatin has a diverse pipeline of active development programs targeting melanocortin and natriuretic receptors. The melanocortin system is involved in a large and diverse number of physiologic functions, and therapeutic agents modulating this system may have the potential to treat a variety of conditions and diseases, including sexual dysfunction, obesity and related disorders,
ischemia-reperfusion injury, hemorrhagic shockcachexia (wasting syndrome) and inflammation-related diseases. The natriuretic peptide receptor system has numerous cardiovascular functions, and therapeutic agents modulating this system may be useful in treatment of
acute asthma, heart failure, hypertension and other cardiovascular diseases.
The Company's productsCompany’s primary product in development includeis bremelanotide and PL-6983, peptide melanocortin receptor agonists for the treatment of female sexual dysfunction and(FSD). The Company is also developing an inhalation formulation of PL-3994, an agonist peptide mimetic which binds to natriuretic peptide receptor A, for treatment of acute exacerbations of asthma. The Company also has drug candidates or development programs for sexual dysfunction, including erectile dysfunction, pulmonary diseases, heart failure.failure, obesity and inflammatory diseases. The Company has a licensingan exclusive global research collaboration and research collaborationlicense agreement with AstraZeneca AB (AstraZeneca) to discover, develop and commercialize compounds that target melanocortin receptors for the treatment of obesity, diabetes and related metabolic syndrome. Key elements of the Company’s business strategy include using its technology and expertise to develop and commercialize therapeutic products; entering into alliances and partnerships with pharmaceutical companies to facilitate the development, manufacture, marketing, sale and distribution of product candidates that the Company is developing; and partially funding its product candidate development and discovery programs with the cash flow generated from the Company’s license agreements with AstraZeneca collaboration agreement and any future agreements with other companies; and, depending on the availability of sufficient funding, expanding the Company’s pipeline by using its expertise in drug discovery technologies for melanocortin and natriuretic peptide receptor systems and acquiring synergistic products and technologies.companies.
Business Risk and Liquidity -– The Company has incurred negative cash flows from operations since its inception, and has expended, and expects to continue to expend in the future, substantial funds to complete its planned product development efforts. As shown in the accompanying consolidated financial statements, the Company has an accumulated deficit as of June 30,
20092011 and incurred a net loss for fiscal
2009.2011. The Company anticipates incurring additional losses in the future as a result of spending on its development programs. To achieve profitability, the Company, alone or with others, must successfully develop and commercialize its technologies and proposed products, conduct successful preclinical studies and clinical trials, obtain required regulatory approvals and successfully manufacture and market such technologies and proposed products. The time required to reach profitability is highly uncertain, and there can be no assurance that the Company will be able to achieve profitability on a sustained basis, if at all.
In August 2009,
On September 24, 2010, the Company sold 9,484,848 unitsannounced its strategic decision to focus resources and efforts on clinical trials for bremelanotide and PL-3994 and preclinical development of an inhaled formulation of PL-3994 and a new peptide drug candidate for sexual dysfunction. As part of this decision, the Company suspended further research and development efforts on new product candidates and implemented a reduction in a registered directstaffing levels. As of September 20, 2011, the Company employed 19 full-time employees.
On March 1, 2011, the Company announced the completion of its $23.0 million public offering. The offering for gross proceeds of $3,130,000. Each unit consisted of one sharethe sale of 23,000,000 units consisting of common stock and warrants at a five-year warrantprice to the public of $1.00 per unit. A total of 23,000,000 shares of the Company’s common stock, Series A Warrants to purchase 0.352,000,000 shares of the Company’s common stock, at an exercise priceand Series B Warrants to purchase 21,000,000 shares of $0.33 per share. Netthe Company’s common stock were sold in the offering. The net proceeds to the Company from the sale of these units, after deducting underwriting discounts and other offering costs,expenses, were approximately $2,800,000. The placement agent was also provided with a warrant to purchase 474,242 shares of common stock at an exercise price of $0.41 per share through November 27, 2012. In September 2009, the Company and AstraZeneca amended the collaboration agreement, which amended provides for $5 million in payments to the Company, with an initial payment of $2.5 million payable on signing and the balance payable in the first quarter of calendar 2010.
The Company believes that its cash, cash equivalents and available-for-sale investments as$21.0 million.
As of June 30, 2009, together with proceeds from2011, the August 2009 registered direct offeringCompany’s cash and expected receipts from its AstraZeneca collaboration agreement and other income, arecash equivalents were $18.9 million. Management believes that the Company’s existing capital resources will be adequate to fund its currently planned operations, focusing on clinical trials of bremelanotide for FSD, through at
31
least calendar year 2012. Phase 3 clinical trials of bremelanotide for FSD, which will not commence before calendar year 2013, will require significant additional resources and capital.
least September 30, 2010.
The natureCompany intends to utilize existing capital resources to fund its planned operations, including its Phase 2B clinical trial with bremelanotide for FSD, and timing of the Company’s development activities are highly dependent on its financing activities. Management plans to continue to refine its operations, control expenses, evaluate alternative methods to conduct its business, and seek available sources of public or private financing and sharing of development costsadditional capital, through collaborative agreementsarrangements or other arrangements. Should appropriate sources, for development of financingits other product candidates. However, sufficient additional funding to support other product candidates, including PL-3994 for acute asthma or other indications, may not be available
management will curtail operations and delay clinical trials and research activities until such time, if ever, as appropriate financing is available. There can be no assurance that theon acceptable terms, or at all. The Company will
be able to obtain financing when required, or that financing efforts will be successful.not expend significant amounts for other product candidates unless additional sources of capital, including collaboration agreements, are identified for these programs.
Concentrations- – Concentrations in the
Company'sCompany’s assets and operations subject it to certain related risks. Financial instruments that subject the Company to concentrations of credit risk primarily consist of cash and cash equivalents
and available-for-sale
investments and accounts receivable.investments. The
Company'sCompany’s cash and cash equivalents are primarily invested in one money market fund sponsored by a large financial institution.
The Company's accounts receivable balance asFor each of
the years in the three-year period ended June 30,
2009 consists only2011, 100% of
amounts due from AstraZeneca. Revenues from collaboration partners as a percentage of totallicense and contract revenues were
as follows:from AstraZeneca. | | | | | | | |
| | Year Ended June 30, | |
| | 2009 | | 2008 | | 2007 | |
| AstraZeneca | | 100% | | 26% | | 9% | |
| King Pharmaceuticals, Inc. | | - | | 71% | | 90% | |
| Mallinckrodt | | - | | 3% | | 1% | |
(2) SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES:
Principles of Consolidation – The consolidated financial statements include the accounts of Palatin and its wholly-owned inactive subsidiary. All intercompany accounts and transactions have been eliminated in consolidation.
Use of Estimates – The preparation of consolidated financial statements in conformity with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amount of assets and liabilities and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the consolidated financial statements and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting period. Actual results could differ from those estimates.
Cash and Cash Equivalents – Cash and cash equivalents include cash on hand, cash in banks and all highly liquid investments with a purchased maturity of less than three months.
Cash equivalents consist of $18,383,284 and $4,111,051 in a money market fund at June 30, 2011 and 2010, respectively. Restricted cash secures letters of credit for security deposits on leases.
Effective January 31, 2011, one of the Company’s facility leases was terminated and $125,000 became unrestricted. Investments– The Company classifies its investments as available-for-sale investments and all such investments are
carriedrecorded at fair value based on quoted market prices. Unrealized holding gains and losses
net of the related tax effect, if any, are generally excluded from earnings and are reported in accumulated other comprehensive income/loss until realized. Interest and dividends on securities classified as available-for-sale are included in investment income. Gains and losses are recorded in the statement of operations when realized or when unrealized holding losses are determined to be other than temporary, on a specific-identification basis.
Fair Value of Financial Instruments – The Company’s financial instruments consist primarily of
cash and cash equivalents, available-for-sale investments, accounts receivable, accounts payable and capital lease obligations. Management believes that the carrying values of these assets and liabilities are representative of their respective fair values based on quoted market prices for investments and the short-term nature of the other instruments.
Property and Equipment – Property and equipment consists of office and laboratory equipment, office furniture and leasehold improvements and includes assets acquired under capital leases. Property and equipment are recorded at cost. Depreciation is recognized using the straight-line method over the estimated useful lives of the related assets, generally five years for laboratory
and computer equipment, seven years for office furniture and equipment and the lesser of the term of the lease or the useful life for leasehold improvements. Amortization of assets acquired under capital leases is included in depreciation expense.
32
Table of Contents (Financial)
Maintenance and repairs are expensed as incurred while expenditures that extend the useful life of an asset are capitalized.
Impairment of Long-Lived Assets – The Company reviews its long-lived assets for impairment whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying amount of the assets may not be fully recoverable. To determine recoverability of a long-lived asset, management evaluates whether the estimated future undiscounted net cash flows from the asset are less than its carrying amount. If impairment is indicated, the long-lived asset would be written down to
its fair value. Fair value is determined by an evaluation of available price information at which assets could be bought or sold, including quoted market prices, if available, or the present value of the estimated future cash flows based on reasonable and supportable assumptions.
Deferred Rent– The Company’s operating leases provide for rent increases over the terms of the leases. Deferred rent consists of the difference between periodic rent payments and the amount recognized as rent expense on a straight-line basis, as well as tenant allowances for leasehold improvements. Rent expenses are being recognized ratably over the terms of the leases.
Revenue Recognition– Revenue from corporate collaborations and licensing agreements consists of up-front fees, research and development funding, and milestone payments. Non-refundable up-front fees are deferred and amortized to revenue on a straight-line basis over the related performance period. The Company estimates the performance period as the period in which it performs certain development activities under the applicable agreement. Reimbursements for research and development activities are recorded in the period that the Company performs the related activities under the terms of the applicable agreements. Revenue resulting from the achievement of milestone events stipulated in the applicable agreements is recognized when the milestone is achieved, provided that such milestone is substantive in nature. Revenue from grants is recognized as the Company provides the services stipulated in the underlying grants based on the time and materials incurred. Research and Development Costs – The costs of research and development activities are charged to expense as incurred, including the cost of equipment for which there is no alternative future use.
Stock-Based Compensation –The Company
follows Statement of Financial Accounting Standards (SFAS) 123(R), “Share-Based Payment,” which establishes standards for the accounting for transactions in which an entity exchanges its equity instruments for goods or services and requires that the compensation cost relatingcharges to
share-based payment transactions be recognized in financial statements, based onexpense the fair value of
thestock options and other equity
or liability instruments issued, adjusted for estimated forfeitures. The Company accounts for awards granted to consultants in accordance with Emerging Issues Task Force (EITF) Issue 96-18, “Accounting for Equity Instruments That Are Issued to Other Than Employees for Acquiring, or in Conjunction with Selling, Goods or Services,” and SFAS 123(R).
granted. The Company determines the value of stock options utilizing the Black-Scholes option pricing model. Compensation costs for share-based awards with pro ratapro-rata vesting are allocated to periods on a straight-line basis.
Income Taxes – The Company and its subsidiary file consolidated federal and separate-company state income tax returns. Income taxes are accounted for under the asset and liability method. Deferred tax assets and liabilities are recognized for the future tax consequences attributable to differences between the financial statement carrying amounts of assets and liabilities and their respective tax basis and operating loss and tax credit carryforwards. Deferred tax assets and liabilities are measured using enacted tax rates expected to apply to taxable income in the years in which those temporary differences or operating loss and tax credit carryforwards are expected to be recovered or settled. The effect on deferred tax assets and liabilities of a change in tax rates is recognized in the period that includes the enactment date.
In accordance with SFAS 109, “Accounting for Income Taxes,” the The Company has recorded a valuation allowance against its deferred tax assets. The valuation allowance isassets based on management’s estimatesthe history of losses incurred.
During the years ended June 30, 2011, 2010 and analysis.2009, the Company sold New Jersey state net operating loss carryforwards, which resulted in the recognition of $637,391, $998,408 and $1,741,476, respectively, in tax benefits.
Net Loss per Common Share – Basic and diluted earnings per common share (EPS) are calculated in accordance with the provisions of Financial Accounting Standards Board (FASB) Accounting Standards Codification (ASC) Topic 260, “Earnings per Share.” In June 2008, the FASB issued guidance stating that non-vested share-based payment awards that include non-forfeitable rights to dividends or dividend equivalents, whether paid or unpaid, are considered participating securities, and the two-class method of computing EPS is computed by dividing net loss byrequired for all periods presented. The Company adopted the weighted average numberprovisions of common sharesASC Topic 260 relating to the two-class method of computing EPS effective July 1, 2009.
The Company’s outstanding for the period. Diluted EPS reflects the potential dilution from the exercise or conversion of securities into common stock, including stock options and warrants, restricted stock units and shares of Series A Convertible Preferred Stock. Forstock contain rights that entitle the holder to a special dividend or distribution of $100 per share before the Company can pay dividends or make distributions to the common stockholders. The outstanding share-based compensation awards do not include non-forfeitable rights to dividends. Accordingly, only the outstanding Series A Convertible Preferred stock is considered a participating security and must be included in the computation of EPS. The adoption of the provisions of ASC Topic 260 relating to the two-class method of computing EPS did not impact the basic and diluted EPS for the years ended
33
Table of Contents (Financial)
June 30, 2011, 2010 or 2009, 2008 and 2007, there were no dilutive effects of such securities as the Company incurred a net loss in each period. Common
As of June 30, 2011, 2010 and 2009, common shares issuable upon conversion of Series A Convertible Preferred Stock, the exercise of outstanding options and warrants and the vesting of restricted stock units amounted to an aggregate of 14,076,609, 13,941,59527,130,580, 2,569,695 and 16,512,769 as of June 30, 2009, 2008 and 2007,1,407,660, respectively. Recently Issued Accounting Pronouncements – In
December 2007, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (FASB) issued EITF Issue 07-1, “Accounting for Collaborative Arrangements,” which applies to collaborative arrangements that are conducted by the participants without the creation of a separate legal entity for the arrangements and clarifies, among other things, how to determine whether a collaborative agreement is within the scope of this issue. EITF Issue 07-1 is effective for financial statements issued for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2008. The Company does not expect the adoption of EITF Issue 07-1 to have a material impact on its consolidated results of operations and financial position. In MaySeptember 2009, the FASB issued SFAS 165, “Subsequent Events,Accounting Standards Update (ASU) 2009-13, Revenue Recognition (Topic 605), “Multiple-Deliverable Revenue Arrangements (ASU 2009-13)”, which establishes general standardsrequires companies to allocate revenue in arrangements involving multiple deliverables based on the estimated selling price of accountingeach deliverable when such deliverables are not sold separately either by the company or other vendors. ASU 2009-13 eliminates the requirement that all undelivered elements must have objective and reliable evidence of fair value before a company can recognize the portion of the overall arrangement fee that is attributable to items that already have been delivered. As a result, the new guidance may allow some companies to recognize revenue on transactions that involve multiple deliverables earlier than under current requirements. ASU 2009-13 was effective for and disclosurerevenue arrangements entered into or materially modified in fiscal years beginning on or
after
the balance sheet date but before financial statements are issued or are available to be issued. In particular, SFAS 165 establishes that entities must evaluate subsequent events through the date the financial statements are issued, the circumstances under which a subsequent event should be recognized, and the circumstances for which a subsequent event should be disclosed.June 15, 2010. The adoption of
SFAS 165 did not have a materialASU 2009-13 on July 1, 2010 had no impact on the Company’s consolidated financial statements.
The Company has evaluated subsequent events through September 28, 2009.In June 2009,April 2010, the FASB issued SFAS 168, “The FASB Accounting Standards Codification andASU No. 2010-17, “Revenue Recognition – Milestone Method (ASU 2010-17).” ASU 2010-17 provides guidance on applying the Hierarchy of Generally Accepted Accounting Principles,”milestone method to milestone payments for achieving specified performance measures when those payments are related to uncertain future events. Under ASU 2010-17, entities can make an accounting policy election to recognize arrangement consideration received for achieving specified performance measures during the period in which will bethe milestones are achieved, provided certain criteria are met. This ASU was effective for the Companyfiscal years beginning on or after June 15, 2010. The adoption of ASU 2010-17 on July 1, 2009. The Financial Accounting Standards Board Accounting Standards Codification (the Codification) will officially become the single source of authoritative nongovernmental generally accepted accounting principles (GAAP), superseding existing FASB, American Institute of Certified Public Accountants, EITF and related accounting literature. After that date, only one level of authoritative GAAP will exist. All other accounting literature will be considered non-authoritative. The Codification reorganizes the thousands of GAAP pronouncements into roughly 90 accounting topics and displays them using a consistent structure. Also included in the Codification is relevant SEC guidance organized using the same topical structure in separate sections within the Codification. This will have an2010 had no impact to the disclosures inon the Company’s consolidated financial statements since all future references to authoritative accounting literature will be through the Codification.statements.
(3) AGREEMENT WITH ASTRAZENECA
In January 2007, the Company entered into an exclusive global licensingresearch collaboration and research collaborationlicense agreement with AstraZeneca to discover, develop and commercialize compounds that target melanocortin receptors for the treatment of obesity, diabetes and related metabolic syndrome. In June 2008, the collaborationlicense agreement was amended to include additional compounds and associated intellectual property developed by the Company. In December 2008, the collaborationlicense agreement was further amended to include additional compounds and associated intellectual property developed by the Company and extended the research collaboration for an additional year through January 2010. In September 2009, the collaborationlicense agreement was further amended to modify royalty rates and milestone payments. The collaboration is based on the Company’s melanocortin receptor obesity program and includes access to compound libraries, core technologies and expertise in melanocortin receptor drug discovery and development. In December 2008, the Company also entered into a clinical trial sponsored research agreement with AstraZeneca, under which the Company agreed to conduct a study of the effects of melanocortin receptor specific compounds on food intake, obesity and other metabolic parameters. Under the terms of the clinical trial agreement, AstraZeneca will pay all costs associated with the study plus an additional $5,000,000 on achieving certain objectives. The Company recognized $7,632,136 as revenue in the year ended June 30, 2009 under the clinical trial sponsored research agreement. As part of the September 2009 amendment to the research collaboration and license agreement, the Company agreed to conduct additional studies on the effects of melanocortin receptor specific compounds on food intake, obesity and other metabolic parameters.
34
TableIn December 2009 and 2008, the Company also entered into clinical trial sponsored research agreements with AstraZeneca, under which the Company agreed to conduct studies of Contents (Financial)the effects of melanocortin receptor specific compounds on food intake, obesity and other metabolic parameters. Under the terms of these clinical trial agreements, AstraZeneca paid $5,000,000 as of March 31, 2009 upon achieving certain objectives and paid all costs associated with these studies. The Company recognized $497,540, $1,082,762, and $7,632,136, respectively, as revenue in the years ended June 30, 2011, 2010 and 2009 under these clinical trial sponsored research agreements.The Company received an up-front payment of $10,000,000 from AstraZeneca uponon execution of the research collaboration agreement, and underlicense agreement. Under the September 2009 amendment the Company was paid an additional $5,000,000 in consideration of reduction of future milestones and royalties and providing specific materials to AstraZeneca. The Company is now eligible for milestone payments totaling up to $145,250,000, with up to $85,250,000 contingent on development and regulatory milestones and the balance contingent on achievement of sales targets. In addition, the Company willis eligible to receive mid to high single digit royalties on sales of any approved products. AstraZeneca assumed responsibility for product commercialization, product discovery and development costs, with both companies contributing scientific expertise in the research collaboration. The Company is providingprovided research services to AstraZeneca through January 2010, the expiration of the research collaboration portion of the research collaboration and license agreement, at a contractual rate per full-time-equivalent employee. The Company has determined that the license agreement and research services should be evaluated together as a single unit for purposes of revenue recognition pursuant to EITF Issue 00-21, “Revenue Arrangements with Multiple Deliverables.”recognition. Accordingly, the up-front paymentaggregate payments of $10,000,000 received by the Company is being$15,000,000 have been recognized as revenue on a straight-line basis over the maximum period during which the Company may perform research services under the agreement.ended January 2010. For the years ended June 30, 2009, 20082010 and 2007,2009, the Company recognized as revenue $1,666,667, $1,666,667$10,972,219 and $694,444,$1,666,667, respectively, related to the up-front payment. The Company must continually evaluate the estimated remaining performance period, and has revised the estimated performance period based on the September 2009 amendment.these aggregate payments. Per-employee compensation from AstraZeneca for research services iswas recognized as earned at the contractual rate, which approximates the fair value of such services. Revenue recognized for research services for the years ended June 30, 2010 and 2009 2008were $2,125,746 and 2007 were $2,052,971, $1,250,000 and $520,833,$2,052,968, respectively. Payments received upon the attainment of substantive milestones are recognized as revenue when earned.(4) AGREEMENT WITH KING
King Pharmaceuticals, Inc. (King) terminated, effective December 2007, a collaborative development and marketing agreement between the Company and King entered into in August 2004, relating to development and commercialization of bremelanotide for treatment of sexual dysfunction. As a result of the termination, Palatin solely owns all rights to bremelanotide. In connection with the termination of the agreement, for the year ended June 30, 2008, the Company recognized as revenue all remaining deferred up-front license fees received from King, together with associated deferred costs, in the amounts of $6,499,796 and $815,561, respectively. Prior to termination, deferred revenue was being recognized as revenue over the period of the Company’s performance during the anticipated development term of the agreement, with the Company recognizing for the year ended June 30, 2007 as revenue $2,808,441 of the deferred revenue. King retains Company common stock obtained upon entering into the agreement in August 2004 and pursuant to a September 2005 agreement.
(5) INVESTMENTS
The following table summarizes investments at June 30, 2009 and 2008:
| | | | | |
| | Total carrying value as of
June 30, 2009 |
| Cost | | | $ | 3,323,539 | |
| Gross unrealized gains | | | | 116,111 | |
| Gross unrealized losses | | | | - | |
| Fair value | | | $ | 3,439,650 | |
| |
| | Total carrying value as of
June 30, 2008 |
| Cost | | | $ | 3,323,654 | |
| Gross unrealized gains | | | | 29,117 | |
| Gross unrealized losses | | | | - | |
| Fair value | | | $ | 3,352,771 | |
(4) INVESTMENTS AND FAIR VALUE MEASUREMENTS
The following is a summary of available-for-sale investments:
| | | June 30, |
| | | 2010 |
| Cost | | $ 3,323,539 |
| Gross unrealized gains | | 173,658 |
| Gross unrealized losses | | (35,008) |
| Total available-for-sale investments | | $ 3,462,189 |
The fair value establishesof investments and cash equivalents are classified using a framework for measuring fair value and expands disclosurehierarchy prioritized based on fair value measurement. SFAS 157 is effective for financial statements issued for fiscal years beginning after November 15, 2007 and interim periods within those fiscal years; however, the FASB did provide a one-year deferral for the implementation of SFAS 157 for certain non-financial assets and liabilities. SFAS 157 establishes a valuation hierarchy for disclosure of the inputs to valuation used to measure fair value. This hierarchy prioritizes the inputs into three broad levels.inputs. Level 1 inputs are quoted prices (unadjusted) in active markets for identical assets or liabilities. Level 2 inputs include quoted prices for identical or similar assets and liabilities that are not active, quoted prices for similar assets and liabilities in active markets or inputs that are observable for the asset or liability, either directly or indirectly through market corroboration, for substantially the full term of the financial instrument. Level 3 inputs are unobservable inputs based on management’s own assumptions used to measure assets and liabilities at fair value. The classification of aA financial asset or liabilityliability’s classification within the hierarchy is determined based on the lowest level input that is significant to the fair value measurement.
The following table provides the Company’s assets and liabilities carried at fair value:
| | Fair Value | Quoted prices in active markets (Level 1) | Quoted prices in active markets (Level 2) | Quoted prices in active markets (Level 3) |
| June 30, 2011: | | | | |
| Assets: | | | | |
| Money Market Fund | $ 18,383,284 | $ 18,383,284 | $ - | $ - |
| June 30, 2010: | | | | |
| Assets: | | | | |
| Money Market Fund | $ 4,111,051 | $ 4,111,051 | $ - | $ - |
| Mutual Funds | $ 3,462,189 | $ 3,462,189 | $ - | $ - |
The reconciliation of the warrant liability measured at fair value on a recurring basis using unobservable inputs (Level 3) is as of June 30, 2009: | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| |
Fair Value | Quoted prices in
active markets
(Level 1) | Quoted prices in
active markets
(Level 2) | Quoted prices in
active markets
(Level 3) |
| |
| Mutual funds | | | $ | 3,439,650 | | $ | 3,439,650 | | $ | - | | $ | - | |
(6)follows:
| June 30, 2010 | $ - |
| Fair value on issuance | 5,112,864 |
| Change in fair value | 2,266 |
| Reclassification to equity | (5,115,130) |
| June 30, 2011 | $ - |
(5) PROPERTY AND EQUIPMENT, NET
Property and equipment, net, consists of the following: | | | | | | | | |
| | | June 30,
2009 | | June 30,
2008 |
| Office equipment | | $ | 1,662,830 | | | $ | 1,941,620 | |
| Laboratory equipment | | | 4,130,247 | | | | 4,112,908 | |
| Leasehold improvements | | | 7,088,462 | | | | 7,086,305 | |
| | | | 12,881,539 | | | | 13,140,833 | |
| |
| Less: Accumulated depreciation and |
| amortization | | | (9,230,756 | ) | | | (8,012,757 | ) |
| | | $ | 3,650,783 | | | $ | 5,128,076 | |
| | | | | | | June 30, | | June 30, |
| | | | | | | 2011 | | 2010 |
| Office equipment | | | | | | $ 1,725,732 | | $ 1,662,830 |
| Laboratory equipment | | | | | | 3,982,991 | | 4,137,242 |
| Leasehold improvements | | | | | | 7,088,462 | | 7,088,462 |
| | | | | | | 12,797,185 | | 12,888,534 |
| Less: Accumulated depreciation and amortization | | | | (11,491,854) | | (10,500,169) |
| | | | | | | $ 1,305,331 | | $ 2,388,365 |
The cost of assets acquired under capital leases was $1,008,088 and $941,974 as of June 30, 20092011 and 2008,2010, respectively. Accumulated amortization associated with assets acquired under capital leases was $552,157$868,285 and $375,446$728,868 as of June 30, 20092011 and 2008,2010, respectively.(7)
Accrued expenses consist of the following: | | | | | | | | |
| | | June 30,
2009 | | June 30,
2008 |
| Clinical study costs | | $ | 300,776 | | | $ | 363,255 | |
| Other research related expenses | | | 263,731 | | | | 465,412 | |
| Deferred rent, current portion | | | 356,012 | | | | 470,830 | |
| Other | | | 500,222 | | | | 367,131 | |
| | | $ | 1,420,741 | | | $ | 1,666,628 | |
(8)
| | | | | | | June 30, | | June 30, |
| | | | | | | 2011 | | 2010 |
| Clinical study costs | | | | | | $ 834,521 | | $ 798,744 |
| Other research related expenses | | | | | | 124,819 | | 315,439 |
| Deferred rent, current portion | | | | | | 391,817 | | 421,443 |
| Professional services | | | | | | 175,500 | | 165,500 |
| Insurance premiums payable | | | | | | 131,631 | | 153,010 |
| Other | | | | | | 195,719 | | 365,330 |
| | | | | | | $ 1,854,007 | | $ 2,219,466 |
(7) COMMITMENTS AND CONTINGENCIES
Operating Leases – Effective January 31, 2011, the Company terminated the lease on 12,000 square feet of laboratory space in another building in the same center as the Company’s corporate offices and research and development facilities, which lease would have otherwise terminated in February 2012. Under the lease termination agreement the Company paid a $60,000 termination fee, which was charged to expense. The Company currently leases facilities under threetwo non-cancelable operating leases. Future minimum lease payments under these leases are as follows:
36
Table of Contents (Financial)
| | | | |
| | Year Ending June 30, |
| | 2010 | | $ 2,144,401 | |
| | 2011 | | 2,196,655 | |
| | 2012 | | 1,995,860 | |
| | 2013 | | 294,376 |
| | 2014 | | 236,335 | |
| | Thereafter | | 225,175 | |
| | | | $ 7,092,802 | |
| Year Ending June 30, | |
| 2012 | $ 1,541,549 |
| 2013 | 294,376 |
| 2014 | 236,335 |
| 2015 | 225,175 |
| | $ 2,297,435 |
For the years ended June 30,
2009, 20082011, 2010 and
2007,2009, rent expense was
$1,242,708, $1,520,807 and $1,613,534,
$1,650,273 and $1,657,842, respectively.
Capital Leases – The Company has acquired certain of its laboratory equipment under leases classified as capital leases. Scheduled future payments related to capital leases as of June 30, 20092011 are as follows: | | | | | |
| | Year Ending June 30, |
| | 2010 | | 93,806 | | |
| | 2011 | | 22,264 | | |
| | 2012 | | 14,843 | | |
| | | | 130,913 | |
| | Amount representing interest | | (9,284 | ) | |
| | Net | | $ 121,629 | | |
| Year Ending June 30, | |
| 2012 | $ 39,581 |
| 2013 | 24,738 |
| 2014 | 20,615 |
| | 84,934 |
| Amount representing interest | (7,825) |
| Net | $ 77,109 |
Employment Agreements – The Company has employment agreements with threetwo executive officers which provide a stated annual compensation amount, subject to annual increases, and annual bonus compensation in an amount to be approved by the Company’s Board of Directors. Each agreement allows the Company or the employee to terminate the agreement in certain circumstances. In some circumstances, early termination by the Company may result in severance pay to the employee for a period of 18 to 24 months at the salary then in effect, continuation of health insurance premiums over the severance period and immediate vesting of all stock options and restricted stock units. Termination following a change in control will result in a lump sum payment of one and one-half to two times the salary then in effect and immediate vesting of all stock options and restricted stock units. License Agreements – The Company has license agreements related to NeutroSpec, a radiolabeled monoclonal antibody product for which the Company has suspended marketing, clinical trials and securing regulatory approvals, that require minimum annual payments of $15,000, royalty payments on commercial net sales and payments of up to $2,250,000 contingent on the achievement of specified cumulative net margins on sales. No
royalty payments or other contingent amounts will be payable under these agreements unless the Company recommences sales and marketing of NeutroSpec. The Company does not
reasonably expect to make any such contingent payments during the next twelve months.
Employee Retirement Savings Plan – The Company maintains a defined contribution 401(k) plan for the benefit of its employees. The Company currently matches a portion of employee contributions to the plan. For the years ended June 30, 2009, 20082011, 2010 and 2007,2009, Company contributions amounted towere $153,780, $221,599 and $254,127, $341,997 and $211,778, respectively. Contingencies – The Company accounts for litigation losses in accordance with SFAS 5, “Accounting forASC 450-20, “Loss Contingencies.” Under SFAS 5,ASC 450-20, loss contingency provisions are recorded for probable losses when management is able to reasonably estimate the loss. Any outcome upon settlement that deviates from the Company’s best estimate may result in additional expense or in a reduction in expense in a future accounting period. The Company records legal expenses associated with such contingencies as incurred. On January 21, 2008,
The Company is involved, from time to time, in various claims and legal proceedings arising in the ordinary course of its business. The Company entered intois not currently a settlement agreement and release with Competitive Technologies, Inc. (CTI), resolving all outstanding disputes betweenparty to any such claims or proceedings that, if decided adversely to it, would either individually or in the Company and CTI. The license agreement between CTI andaggregate have a material adverse effect on its business, financial condition or results of operations.
(8) GRANT REVENUE
In October 2010, the Company was terminated, withawarded $977,917 in grants under the Company retaining all rightsPatient Protection and Affordable Care Act of 2010. The grants relate to bremelanotide and CTI retaining all rights to a peptide called variously MT-II or PT-14. The settlement agreement and release also includes mutual covenants not to sue and releases of all claims by
37
Table of Contents (Financial)
either party against the other based on, arising out of or in any way involving the subject matterfour of the license agreement. As part of the settlement, the Company remitted a one-time payment to CTI of $800,000 that was charged to generalCompany’s projects: melanocortin agonists for sexual dysfunction; melanocortin agonists for obesity and administrative expense inrelated metabolic syndrome; natriuretic peptide mimetic PL-3994 for acute asthma; and subcutaneously-delivered natriuretic peptide mimetic PL-3994 for cardiovascular disease. During the year ended June 30, 2008.
2011, the Company received $846,768. The remainder of the grant of $131,149 was received in August 2011.
Series A Convertible Preferred Stock – As of June 30, 2009,2011, 4,997 shares of Series A Convertible Preferred Stock were outstanding. Each share of Series A Convertible Preferred Stock is convertible at any time, at the option of the holder, into the number of shares of common stock equal to $100 divided by the Series A Conversion Price. As of June 30, 2009,2011, the Series A Conversion Price is $2.51,was $18.60, so each share of Series A Convertible Preferred Stock is currently convertible into approximately 405 shares of common stock. The Series A Conversion Price is subject to adjustment, under certain circumstances, upon the sale or issuance of common stock for consideration per share less than either (i) the Series A Conversion Price in effect on the date of such sale or issuance, or (ii) the market price of the common stock as of the date of such sale or issuance. The Series A Conversion Price is also subject to adjustment upon the occurrence of a merger, reorganization, consolidation, reclassification, stock dividend or stock split which will result in an increase or decrease in the number of shares of common stock outstanding. Shares of Series A Convertible Preferred Stock have a preference in liquidation, including certain merger transactions, of $100 per share, or $499,700 in the aggregate as of June 30, 2009.2011. Additionally, the Company may not pay a dividend or make any distribution to holders of any class of stock unless the Company first pays a special dividend or distribution of $100 per share to holders of the Series A Convertible Preferred Stock. Common Stock Transactions – In February 2007,On March 1, 2011, the Company completedclosed on a firm commitment public offering in which the sale of 13,750,000Company sold 23,000,000 shares of its common stock, in a registered direct offering. NetSeries A Warrants to purchase up to 2,000,000 shares of its common stock, and Series B Warrants to purchase up to 21,000,000 shares of its common stock. The Series A Warrants are exercisable starting March 1, 2011 at an exercise price of $1.00 per share and are exercisable at any time until March 1, 2016. The Series B Warrants become exercisable starting on March 2, 2012 at an exercise price of $1.00 per share and are exercisable at any time until March 2, 2017.
Gross proceeds from this offering were $23,000,000, and net proceeds to the Company, after costsdeducting underwriting discounts and other offering expenses, were $21,031,014. In connection with the offering, the Company also issued warrants to the underwriters as part of their compensation to purchase up to 575,000 shares of the Company’s common stock which become exercisable starting on March 2, 2012 at an exercise price of $1.00 per share and are exercisable at any time until February 23, 2016.
Because there was not an adequate level of authorized shares to cover all the outstanding warrants in the firm commitment public offering as of closing, under ASC 815, “Derivatives and Hedging,” the portion of the warrants above the then authorized level of common stock were approximately $25,500,000.required to be classified as a liability and carried at their current fair value on the Company’s balance sheet. The fair value was estimated using the Black-Scholes
option-pricing model. The warrants were revalued through May 11, 2011, the date the warrants ceased to be classified as a liability upon stockholder approval of the increase in authorized common stock, at which time the then fair value of the warrant liability was reclassified into stockholders’ equity. The increase in fair value of $2,266 from the date of issuance through May 11, 2011 has been recorded as a non-operating expense. The aggregate fair value and assumptions used for Black-Scholes option-pricing models as of March 1, 2011 (the closing date of the firm commitment public offering) and May 11, 2011 were as follows:
| | | March 1, 2011 | | May 11, 2011 | |
| Aggregate fair value | | $ 5,112,864 | | $ 5,115,130 | |
| Exercise price | | $ 1.00 | | $ 1.00 | |
| Expected volatility | | 105 | % | 106 | % |
| Remaining contractual term (years) | | 6 | | 5.83 | |
| Risk-free interest rate | | 2.47 | % | 2.22 | % |
| Expected dividend yield | | 0 | % | 0 | % |
| Common stock price (per share) | | $ 0.86 | | $ 0.88 | |
Outstanding Stock Purchase Warrants – As of June 30, 2009,2011, the Company had outstanding warrants exercisable for shares of common stock as follows: | | | | | |
Shares of Common
Stock | Exercise Price per
Share | | Latest Termination
Date | |
| 15,000 | | $ 2.82 | | December 11, 2012 | |
| 3,293,591 | | 2.88 | | April 17, 2011 | |
| 15,000 | | 4.00 | | December 15, 2010 | |
| 3,323,591 | |
| Shares of Common Stock | Exercise Price per Share | Latest Termination Date |
| 50,000 | $ 2.50 | November 26, 2012 |
| 48,148 | 3.40 | November 26, 2012 |
| 47,424 | 4.13 | November 26, 2012 |
| 1,500 | 28.20 | December 11, 2012 |
| 317,776 | 3.00 | August 30, 2013 |
| 331,969 | 3.30 | August 12, 2014 |
| 575,000 | 1.00 | February 23, 2016 |
| 2,000,000 | 1.00 | March 1, 2016 |
| 21,000,000 | 1.00 | March 2, 2017 |
| 24,371,817 | | |
In August 2010, the Company received $64,400 and issued 32,200 shares of common stock pursuant to the exercise of warrants at an exercise price of $2.00 per share.
Stock Plan – The Company’s 20052011 Stock Incentive Plan was initially approved by the Company’s stockholders at the annual meeting of stockholders held in June 2005May 2011 and provides for incentive and nonqualified stock option grants and other stock-based awards to employees, non-employee directors and consultants for up to 5,000,0003,500,000 shares of common stock. On December 7, 2007, the Company received stockholder approval to increase the number of authorized shares available for grant to 10,000,000, and on May 13, 2009 the Company received stockholder approval to increase the number of authorized shares available for grant to 15,000,000. The 20052011 Stock Incentive Plan is administered under the direction of the Board of Directors, which may specify grant terms and recipients. Options granted by the Company generally expire ten years from the date of grant and generally vest over three to four years. AsThe 2005 Stock Plan was terminated and replaced by the 2011 Stock Incentive Plan, and shares of June 30, 2009, 6,001,285 sharescommon stock that were available for grant under the 2005 Stock Plan became available for grant under the 2011 Stock Incentive Plan. No new awards can be granted under the 2005 Stock Plan, but awards granted under the 2005 Stock Plan remain outstanding in accordance with their terms. As of June 30, 2011, 1,894,451 shares were available for grant under the 2011 Stock Incentive Plan.
The Company also has outstanding options that were granted under a previous plans.plan. The Company expects to settle option exercises under any of its plans with authorized but currently unissued shares.38
The following table summarizes option activity for the years ended June 30,
2009, 20082011, 2010 and
2007: | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | | 2009 | | 2008 | | 2007 |
| | | | | Number of
Shares | | | Weighted
Average
Exercise
Price | | | Number of
Shares | | | Weighted
Average
Exercise
Price | | | Number of
Shares | | | Weighted
Average
Exercise
Price | |
| Outstanding at | | |
| beginning of | | |
| year | | | | 6,543,453 | | | $2.40 | | | 6,394,720 | | | $2.89 | | | 5,659,302 | | | $3.12 | |
| Granted | | | | 2,874,550 | | | 0.17 | | | 1,787,450 | | | 1.04 | | | 1,406,975 | | | 2.10 | |
| Forfeited | | | | (270,969 | ) | | 1.97 | | | (1,381,538 | ) | | 2.32 | | | (260,520 | ) | | 1.99 | |
| Exercised | | | | - | | | - | | | - | | | - | | | (78,460 | ) | | 1.48 | |
| Expired | | | | (318,407 | ) | | 3.19 | | | (257,179 | ) | | 4.82 | | | (332,577 | ) | | 4.52 | |
| Outstanding at end | | |
| of year | | | | 8,828,627 | | | 1.66 | | | 6,543,453 | | | 2.40 | | | 6,394,720 | | | 2.89 | |
| Exercisable at end | | |
| of year | | | | 5,463,802 | | | 2.31 | | | 4,392,852 | | | 2.93 | | | 4,549,759 | | | 3.18 | |
| Weighted | | |
| average grant- | | |
| date fair value | | |
| of options | | |
| granted during | | |
| the year | | | | | | | $0.14 | | | | | | $0.73 | | | | | | $1.52 | |
The following table summarizes options outstanding as of June 30, 2009:
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | | Number of
Shares | | Weighted
Average
Exercise
Price | | Weighted
Average
Remaining
Term in
Years | | Aggregate
Intrinsic
Value |
| Options outstanding at end | | |
| of year | | | 8,828,627 | | | | $1.66 | | | | 6.3 | | | $ | 215,220 | |
| Options vested and | | |
| exercisable at end of year | | | 5,463,802 | | | | $2.31 | | | | 4.9 | | | $ | 61,360 | |
| Unvested options expected | | |
| to vest | | | 3,176,220 | | | | $0.60 | | | | 8.6 | | | $ | 142,133 | |
| | 2011 | | 2010 | | 2009 |
| | Number of Shares | Weighted Average Exercise Price | | Number of Shares | Weighted Average Exercise Price | | Number of Shares | Weighted Average Exercise Price |
| Outstanding at beginning of year | 957,374 | $ 13.20 | | 882,862 | $ 16.60 | | 654,345 | $ 24.00 |
| Granted | 1,576,275 | 0.93 | | 174,276 | 2.60 | | 287,455 | 1.70 |
| Forfeited | (234,951) | 10.02 | | (34,303) | 16.00 | | (27,097) | 19.70 |
| Exercised | - | - | | (6,725) | 1.70 | | - | - |
| Expired | (66,800) | 41.14 | | (58,736) | 34.10 | | (31,841) | 31.90 |
| Outstanding at end of year | 2,231,898 | 4.05 | | 957,374 | 13.20 | | 882,862 | 16.60 |
| Exercisable at end of year | 809,918 | 9.28 | | 631,313 | 18.00 | | 546,380 | 23.10 |
| Weighted average grant-date fair value of options granted during the year | | $ 0.77 | | | $ 2.20 | | | $ 1.40 |
The intrinsic value of options exercised in the year ended June 30,
20072010 was
$64,395.$7,998.
The following table summarizes options outstanding as of June 30, 2011:
| | | Number of Shares | | Weighted Average Exercise Price | | Weighted Average Remaining Term in Years | | Aggregate Intrinsic Value |
| Options outstanding at end of year | | 2,231,898 | | $ 4.05 | | 8.6 | | $ 567,133 |
| Options vested and exercisable at end of year | | 809,918 | | $ 9.28 | | 6.6 | | $ 95,162 |
| Unvested options expected to vest | | 1,308,638 | | $ 1.09 | | 9.8 | | $ 427,000 |
The fair value of option grants is estimated at the grant date using the Black-Scholes model.
For grants during the year ended June 30, 2011, the Company’s weighted average assumptions for expected volatility, dividends, term and risk-free interest rate were 100%, 0%, 8.7 years and 2.9%, respectively. For grants during the year ended June 30, 2010, the Company’s weighted average assumptions for expected volatility, dividends, term and risk-free interest rate were 96%, 0%, 8.1 years and 3.2%, respectively. For grants during the year ended June 30, 2009, the Company’s weighted average assumptions for expected volatility, dividends, term and risk-free interest rate were 85%, 0%, 8.8 years and 3.8%, respectively.
For grants during the year ended June 30, 2008, the Company’s weighted average assumptions for expected volatility, dividends, term and risk-free interest rate were 80%, 0%, 6.2 years and 3.7%, respectively. For grants during the year ended June 30, 2007, the Company’s weighted average assumptions for expected volatility, dividends, term and risk-free interest rate were 80%, 0%, 6.2 years and 4.9%, respectively. Expected volatilities are based
primarily on the Company’s historical volatility. The expected term of options is based upon the simplified method, which represents the average of the vesting term and the contractual term. The risk-free interest rate is based on U.S. Treasury yields for securities with terms approximating the expected term of the option.
For the years ended June 30,
2009, 20082011, 2010 and
2007,2009 the Company recorded stock-based compensation related to stock options of
$700,618, $1,016,579$437,480, $633,532 and
$1,223,481,$700,618, respectively. The Company did not record a tax benefit related to stock-based compensation expense. As of June 30,
2009,2011, there was
$836,388$1,060,294 of
total unrecognized compensation cost related to unvested options, which is expected to be recognized over a weighted-average period of
1.071.4 years.
39
Table of Contents (Financial) In July 2009, the Company granted 1,633,975 options to its non-employee directors, executive officers and employees.
Restricted Stock Units – The following table summarizes restricted stock award activity for the years ended June 30, 2011, 2010 and 2009:
| | 2011 | | 2010 | | 2009 |
| Outstanding at beginning of year | - | | 172,500 | | 211,382 |
| Granted | 705,000 | | - | | 75,000 |
| Forfeited | (21,500) | | - | | - |
| Vested | (183,500) | | (172,500) | | (113,882) |
| Outstanding at end of year | 500,000 | | - | | 172,500 |
In June 2011, the Company granted 500,000 restricted stock units to its executive management under the Company’s 2011 Stock Incentive Plan. The grant date fair value of these restricted stock units of $430,000 is being amortized over the 24 month vesting period of the award. The Company recognized $7,167 of stock-based compensation expense related to these restricted stock units during the year ended June 30, 2011.
In July 2010, the Company granted 205,000 restricted stock units to its employees under the Company’s 2005 Stock Plan of which 183,500 shares of common stock vested during fiscal 2011 with the balance forfeited. The Company recognized $311,950 of stock-based compensation expense related to these restricted stock units during the year ended June 30, 2011.
In October 2006, the Company made grants of restricted stock units to three executive officers for an aggregate of 975,00097,500 shares of common stock. Under the original vesting conditions, 325,00032,500 shares vested if the quoted market price of Palatin’s common stock was $4.00$40.00 or more for twenty20 consecutive trading days, an additional 325,00032,500 shares vested if the quoted market price of Palatin’s common stock was $6.00$60.00 or more for twenty20 consecutive trading days and the remaining 325,00032,500 shares vested if the quoted market price of Palatin’s common stock was $8.00$80.00 or more for twenty20 consecutive trading days. The fair value of the restricted stock units was estimated at the grant date using a lattice-type model. The Company’s assumptions for expected volatility, dividends and risk-free rate were 80%, 0% and 4.56%, respectively. The expected volatility was based on the Company’s historical volatility and the risk-free rate was based on U.S. Treasury yields for securities with terms approximating the contractual term of the units. The aggregate estimated fair value of the grantsunits at the date of grant was approximately $1,800,000,$1,846,000, which was being recognized over a weighted-average period of approximately three years.ended December 31, 2009. For the yearyears ended June 30, 2007,2010 and 2009, the Company recognized $503,344$201,500 and 470,031, respectively, of share-basedstock-based compensation expense related to these restrictrestricted stock units. In March 2008, the Company’s Compensation Committee revised the vesting conditions of the above restricted stock units granted to the three executive officers. Under the revised conditions, the restricted stock units granted to each of the executive officers will vest onbecame fully vested in March 26, 2010, provided that each officer remains employed by Palatin through such date, subject to earlier vesting in the event of a change in control or termination of employment other than voluntary or for cause.2010. The restricted stock units alsounit agreements require that each executive officer retain ownership of at least 33% of the vested stock received for the duration of the executive’s employment with the Company unless there is a change in control or for hardship as determined by the Board of Directors. In addition to the original grant-date fair value of this award,these awards, the Company will recognize therecognized an incremental fair value adjustment to these restricted stock units, totaling $273,000, on a straight-line basis through March 26, 2010, although the amount and timing may be affected by employment terminations.2010. For the years ended June 30, 20092010 and 2008,2009, the Company recognized $606,531an additional $102,375 and $705,250,$136,500, respectively, of stock-based compensation expense related to these restricted stock units. In December 2008, the Company issued 750,000granted restricted stock units to its executive officers under the Company’s 2005 Stock Plan.Plan totaling 75,000 shares of common stock. The restricted stock units vestvested on December 31, 2009, provided that the officer remains employed by the Company through such date, subject to earlier vesting in the event of a change in control or termination of employment other than voluntary or for cause.2009. The Company is recognizingamortized the fair value of thethese restricted stock units, of $68,000totaling $67,500, on a straight-line basis through December 31, 2009. For the yearyears ended June 30, 2010, and 2009, the Company recognized $31,154 and $36,346, ofrespectively, as stock-based compensation expense related to these restricted stock units. In September 2007, the Company issued 1,573,915157,391 restricted stock units under the Company’s 2005 Stock Plan as retention bonuses to its employees, other than the executive officers, that were not affected by the September 2007 reduction in workforce. OnIn September 30, 2008, after adjusting for forfeitures and early vesting due to involuntary position elimination, 1,138,824113,882 shares of common stock vested. The Company amortized the fair value of these restricted stock units of $676,748 on a straight-line basis over a one-year period. For the yearsyear ended June 30, 2009, and 2008, the Company recognized $133,078 and $543,670, respectively, of stock-based compensation expense related to these restricted stock units. In connection with the vesting of restricted share units during the years ended June 30, 2011 and 2010, the Company withheld 17,881 and 54,145 shares with aggregate values of $26,196 and $165,861, respectively, in satisfaction of minimum tax withholding obligations.
The Company has had no income tax expense or benefit since inception because of operating losses, except for amounts recognized for sales of New Jersey state net operating loss carryforwards. Deferred tax assets and liabilities are determined based on the estimated future tax effect of differences between the financial statement and tax reporting basis of assets and liabilities, as well as for net operating loss carryforwards and research and development credit carryforwards, given the provisions of existing tax laws.
40
Table of Contents (Financial)
As of June 30,
2009,2011, the Company had federal and state net operating loss carryforwards of approximately
$186,000,000$203,000,000 and
$99,000,000,$100,000,000, respectively, which expire between
20102012 and
20292031 if not utilized. As of June 30,
2009,2011, the Company had federal research and development credits of approximately
$5,000,000$5,900,000 that will begin to expire in 2012, if not utilized.
The Tax Reform Act of 1986 (the Act) provides for limitation on the use of net operating loss and research and development tax credit carryforwards following certain ownership changes (as defined by the Act) that could limit the Company’s ability to utilize these carryforwards. The Company may have experienced various ownership changes, as defined by the Act, as a result of past financings. Accordingly, the Company’s ability to utilize the aforementioned carryforwards may be limited. Additionally, U.S. tax laws limit the time during which these carryforwards may be applied against future taxes; therefore the Company may not be able to take full advantage of these carryforwards for federal income tax purposes.
The Company’s net deferred tax assets are as follows:
| | | | | | | | |
| | | June 30,
2009 | | June 30,
2008 |
| Net operating loss carryforwards | | $ | 70,810,000 | | | $ | 71,549,000 | |
| Research and development tax credits | | | 5,288,000 | | | | 4,997,000 | |
| Accrued expenses, deferred revenue and other | | | 5,768,000 | | | | 5,075,000 | |
| | | | 81,866,000 | | | | 81,621,000 | |
| Valuation allowance | | | (81,866,000 | ) | | | (81,621,000 | ) |
| Net deferred tax assets | | $ | - | | | $ | - | |
| | June 30, | | June 30, |
| | 2011 | | 2010 |
| Net operating loss carryforwards | $ 76,813,000 | | $ 72,603,000 |
| Research and development tax credits | 5,853,000 | | 5,390,000 |
| Accrued expenses, deferred revenue and other | 2,583,000 | | 2,911,000 |
| | 85,249,000 | | 80,904,000 |
| Valuation allowance | (85,249,000) | | (80,904,000) |
| Net deferred tax assets | $ - | | $ - |
In assessing the realizability of deferred tax assets, the Company considers whether it is more likely than not that some portion or all of the deferred tax assets will not be realized. The ultimate realization of deferred tax assets is dependent upon the generation of future taxable income and the application of loss limitation provisions related to ownership changes. Due to the Company’s history of losses, the deferred tax assets are fully offset by a valuation allowance as of June 30, 20092011 and 2008.2010. The valuation allowance for the yearsyear ended June 30, 2009, 2008 and 20072010 increased by $245,000, $4,929,000 and $12,435,000, respectively, related$4,345,000 due primarily to additional the net operating losses incurred byloss for the Company and the tax treatment of certain deferred revenue.fiscal year.
During the years ended June 30,
2009, 20082011, 2010 and
2007,2009, the Company sold New Jersey state net operating loss carryforwards, which resulted in the recognition of
$1,741,476, $1,291,444$637,391, $998,408 and
$778,308,$1,741,476, respectively, in tax benefits.
(11) CONSOLIDATED QUARTERLY FINANCIAL DATA – UNAUDITED
The following tables provide quarterly data for the years ended June 30,
20092011 and
2008: | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | | Three Months Ended |
| | | June 30,
2009 | | March 31,
2009 | | December 31,
2008 | | September 30,
2008 |
| | | (amounts in thousands, except per share data) |
| Total revenues | | $ | 4,228 | | | $ | 5,159 | | | $ | 1,211 | | | $ | 754 | |
| Total operating expenses | | | 4,461 | | | | 5,087 | | | | 3,991 | | | | 5,115 | |
| Total other income, net | | | 32 | | | | 26 | | | | 622 | | | | 78 | |
| Loss before income taxes | | | (201 | ) | | | 98 | | | | (2,158 | ) | | | (4,283 | ) |
| Income tax benefit | | | - | | | | - | | | | 1,741 | | | | - | |
| Net income (loss) | | $ | (201 | ) | | $ | 98 | | | $ | (417 | ) | | $ | (4,283 | ) |
| Basic and diluted net loss | | |
| per common share | | $ | 0.00 | | | $ | 0.00 | | | $ | 0.00 | | | $ | (0.05 | ) |
| Weighted average number of | | |
| common shares outstanding | | |
| used in computing basic | | |
| and diluted net loss per | | |
| common share | | | 86,662,901 | | | | 86,662,901 | | | | 86,640,647 | | | | 85,524,316 | |
| | Three Months Ended |
| | June 30, 2011 | | March 31, 2011 | | December 31, 2010 | | September 30, 2010 |
| | (amounts in thousands, except per share data) |
| Revenues | $ 156 | | $ 61 | | $ 1,042 | | $ 216 |
| Operating expenses | 4,742 | | 2,678 | | 2,874 | | 4,834 |
| Other income/(expense), net | 1,277 | | (1,189) | | 94 | | 18 |
| Loss before income taxes | (3,309) | | (3,806) | | (1,738) | | (4,600) |
| Income tax benefit | - | | - | | 637 | | - |
| Net loss | $ (3,309) | | $ (3,806) | | $ (1,101) | | $ (4,600) |
| Basic and diluted net loss per common share | $ (0.09) | | $ (0.17) | | $ (0.09) | | $ (0.39) |
| Weighted average number of common shares outstanding used in computing basic and diluted net loss per common share | 34,900,591 | | 22,832,109 | | 11,839,309 | | 11,730,308 |
| | | | | | | | |
| | Three Months Ended |
| | June 30, 2010 | | March 31, 2010 | | December 31, 2009 | | September 30, 2009 |
| | (amounts in thousands, except per share data) |
| Revenues | $ 675 | | $ 2,560 | | $ 7,283 | | $ 3,663 |
| Operating expenses | 4,929 | | 4,594 | | 3,848 | | 3,824 |
| Other income, net | 17 | | 14 | | 68 | | 124 |
| Loss before income taxes | (4,237) | | (2,020) | | 3,503 | | (37) |
| Income tax benefit | - | | - | | 998 | | - |
| Net income (loss) | $ (4,237) | | $ (2,020) | | $ 4,501 | | $ (37) |
| Basic net income/(loss) per common share | $ (0.40) | | $ (0.20) | | $ 0.41 | | $ (0.00) |
| Weighted average number of common shares outstanding used in computing basic net income/(loss) per common share | 10,722,061 | | 9,987,323 | | 9,616,954 | | 9,130,622 |
| | | | | | | | |
| Diluted net income/(loss) per common share | $ (0.40) | | $ (0.20) | | $ 0.41 | | $ (0.00) |
| Weighted average number of common shares outstanding used in computing diluted net income/(loss) per common share | 10,722,061 | | 9,987,323 | | 9,664,507 | | 9,130,622 |
| | | | | | | | |
41
Table of Contents (Financial) | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | | Three Months Ended |
| | | June 30,
2008 | | March 31,
2008 | | December 31,
2007 | | September 30,
2007 |
| | | (amounts in thousands, except per share data) |
| Total revenues | | $ | 1,015 | | | $ | 747 | | | $ | 743 | | | $ | 8,978 | |
| Total operating expenses | | | 6,351 | | | | 6,041 | | | | 6,120 | | | | 9,603 | |
| Total other income, net | | | 94 | | | | 183 | | | | 302 | | | | 378 | |
| Loss before income taxes | | | (5,242 | ) | | | (5,111 | ) | | | (5,075 | ) | | | (247 | ) |
| Income tax benefit | | | - | | | | - | | | | 1,291 | | | | - | |
| Net loss | | $ | (5,242 | ) | | $ | (5,111 | ) | | $ | (3,784 | ) | | $ | (247 | ) |
| Basic and diluted net loss | | |
| per common share | | $ | (0.06 | ) | | $ | (0.06 | ) | | $ | (0.04 | ) | | $ | 0.00 | |
| Weighted average number of | | |
| common shares outstanding | | |
| used in computing basic | | |
| and diluted net loss per | | |
| common share | | | 85,297,321 | | | | 85,204,169 | | | | 85,204,169 | | | | 85,177,298 | |
42
Table of ContentsItem 9. Changes in and Disagreements with Accountants on Accounting and Financial Disclosure.
None.
Item 9A(T).9A. Controls and Procedures.
Our management carried out an evaluation, with the participation of our chief executive officer and our chief financial officer, of the effectiveness of our disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Rules 13a-15(e) or 15d-15(e) of the Exchange Act) as of the end of the period covered by this report. Based upon this evaluation, our chief executive officer and our chief financial officer concluded that, as of June 30, 2009,2011, our disclosure controls and procedures were effective. A control system, no matter how well designed and operated, cannot provide absolute assurance that the objectives of the control system are met, and no evaluation of controls can provide absolute assurance that all control issues and instances of fraud, if any, within a company have been detected.
Management’s Report on Internal Control Over Financial Reporting
Management is responsible for establishing and maintaining adequate internal control over financial reporting as defined in Rule 13a-15(f) or 15d-15(f) of the Exchange Act. Our internal control system was designed to provide reasonable assurance to management and the board of directors regarding the preparation and fair presentation of published financial statements.
All internal control systems, no matter how well designed, have inherent limitations. Therefore, even those systems determined to be effective can provide only reasonable assurance with respect to financial statement preparation and presentation.
There was no change in our internal control over financial reporting during the fourth quarter of the period covered by this Annual Report that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, our internal control over financial reporting.
Management assessed the effectiveness of our internal control over financial reporting as of June 30, 2009.2011. In making this assessment, it used the criteria set forth by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission (COSO) in Internal Control-Integrated Framework.Framework. Based on its assessment, management believes that, as of June 30, 2009,2011, our internal control over financial reporting is effective based on those criteria. This Annual Report does not include an attestation report of our independent registered public accounting firm regarding internal control over financial reporting.
Item 9B. Other Information.Information
.
None.
43
PART III
Item 10. Directors, Executive Officers and Corporate Governance.
Identification of Directors
The following table sets forth the names, ages, positions and committee memberships of our directors. All directors hold office until the next annual meeting of stockholders or until their successors have been elected and qualified. All current directors were elected at our annual stockholders’ meeting on May 13, 2009.11, 2011, except Dr. Dunton, who was appointed by the board on June 22, 2011.
| Name | Age | |
Name | Age | Position with Palatin |
| Carl Spana, Ph.D. | 47 49 | Chief executive officer, president and a director |
| John K.A. Prendergast, Ph.D. (3) | 55 57 | Director, chairman of the board of directors |
| Perry B. Molinoff, M.D. (1) (3) | 69 71 | Director |
Robert K. deVeer, Jr. (1) (2) (3) | 63 65 | Director |
Zola P. Horovitz, Ph.D. (1) (2) (3) | 74 76 | Director |
| Robert I. Taber, Ph.D. (1) (2) | 73 | Director |
Errol De Souza, Ph.D. (2) (3) | 55 75 | Director |
| J. Stanley Hull (3) | 57 59 | Director |
| Alan W. Dunton, M.D. (1) (2) | 57 | Director |
(1) Member of the Audit Committee. |
(2) Member of the Compensation Committee. |
(3) Member of the Nominating and Corporate Governance Committee. |
CARL SPANA, Ph.D., co-founder of Palatin, has been our chief executive officer and president since June 14, 2000. He has been a director of Palatin since June 1996 and has been a director of our wholly-owned subsidiary, RhoMed Incorporated, since July 1995. From June 1996 through June 14, 2000, Dr. Spana served as an executive vice president and our chief technical officer. From June 1993 to June 1996, Dr. Spana was vice president of Paramount Capital Investments, LLC, a biotechnology and biopharmaceutical merchant banking firm, and of The Castle Group Ltd., a medical venture capital firm. Through his work at Paramount Capital Investments and The Castle Group, Dr. Spana co-founded and acquired several private biotechnology firms. From July 1991 to June 1993, Dr. Spana was a Research Associate at Bristol-Myers Squibb, a publicly-held pharmaceutical company, where he was involved in scientific research in the field of immunology. Dr. Spana is a director of AVAX Technologies, Inc., a publicly-held life science company. Dr. Spana received his Ph.D. in molecular biology from The Johns Hopkins University and his B.S. in biochemistry from Rutgers University. Dr. Spana’s qualifications for our board include his leadership experience, business judgment and industry experience. As a senior executive of Palatin for almost fifteen years, he provides in-depth knowledge of our company, our drug products under development and the competitive and corporate partnering landscape.
JOHN K.A. PRENDERGAST, Ph.D., co-founder of Palatin, has been chairman of the board since June 14, 2000, and a director since August 1996. Dr. Prendergast has been president and sole stockholder of Summercloud Bay, Inc., an independent consulting firm providing services to the biotechnology industry, since 1993. He is a member of the board of the following publicly-held life science companies: Avigen, Inc., AVAX Technologies, Inc. and MediciNova, Inc., life science companies, and was a member of the board of Avigen, Inc. until its acquisition by MediciNova in 2009. Currently, he is the chairman and chief executive officer of AVAX Technologies, Inc. and executive chairman of the board of directors of Antyra, Inc., a privately-held biopharmaceutical firm. From October 1991 through December 1997, Dr. Prendergast was a managing director of The Castle Group Ltd., a medical venture capital firm. Dr. Prendergast received his M.Sc. and Ph.D. from the University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia and a C.S.S. in administration and management from Harvard University. Dr. Prendergast is a co-founder of Palatin, and brings a historical perspective to our board coupled with extensive industry experience in corporate development and finance in the life sciences field. His service on other publicly traded company boards provides experience relevant to good corporate governance practices.
PERRY B. MOLINOFF, M.D. has been a director since November 2001. He served as our executive vice president for research and development from September 2001 until November 3, 2003, when he resigned to accept a position as Vice Provost for Research at the University of Pennsylvania, which he held from November 2003 through September 2006. He is alsowas a director of Cypress Bioscience, Inc., a publicly-held life science company.company, from 2004 through its acquisition by Ramius LLC and related entities in 2010. Dr. Molinoff has more than 30 years of experience in both the
44
Table of Contents
industrial and educational sectors. From 1981 to 1994, he was a professor of pharmacology and chairman of the Department of Pharmacology at the University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine in Philadelphia. From January 1995 until March 2001, he was vice president of neuroscience and genitourinary drug discovery for the Bristol-Myers Squibb Pharmaceutical Research Institute, where he was responsible for directing and implementing the Institute'sInstitute’s research efforts. Dr. Molinoff earned his medical degree from Harvard Medical School.
Dr. Molinoff has extensive academic and pharmaceutical company experience, with scientific knowledge that makes him a resource to our executive officers and other board members. As a former officer of Palatin, Dr. Molinoff has significant knowledge of our technologies and drug products under development, as well as the markets potentially addressed by our drug products under development.
ROBERT K. deVEER, Jr. has been a director since November 1998. Since January 1997, Mr. deVeer has been the president of deVeer Capital LLC, a private investment company. He is also a director of Solutia Inc., a publicly-held chemical-based materials company. From 1995 until his retirement in 1996, Mr. deVeer served as Managing Director, Head of Industrial Group, at New York-based Lehman Brothers. From 1973 to 1995, he held increasingly responsible positions at New York-based CS First Boston, including Head of Project Finance, Head of Industrials and Head of Natural Resources. He was a managing director, member of the investment banking committee and a trustee of the First Boston Foundation. He received a B.A. in economics from Yale University and an M.B.A. in finance from Stanford Graduate School of Business. Mr. deVeer has extensive experience in investment banking and corporate finance, including the financing of life sciences companies, and serves as the Audit Committee’s financial expert.
ZOLA P. HOROVITZ, Ph.D. has been a director since February 2001. Before he retired from Bristol-Myers Squibb in 1994, Dr. Horovitz spent 34 years in various positions, including associate director of the Squibb Institute for Medical Research, vice president of development, vice president, scientific liaison, vice president of licensing, and vice president of business development and planning for the pharmaceutical division of Bristol-Myers Squibb. He held advisory positions at the University of Pittsburgh, Rutgers College of Pharmacy and Princeton University. He is also currently a director of the followingBioCryst Pharmaceuticals, Inc. and GenVec, Inc., publicly-held life science companies: BioCryst Pharmaceuticals,companies. Within the past five years, Dr. Horovitz also served on the board of directors of Genaera Corp., Immunicon Corp., NitroMed, Inc., Avigen, Inc., and DOV Pharmaceutical, Inc. and GenVec, Inc. Dr. Horovitz earned his Ph.D. in pharmacology from the University of Pittsburgh. Dr. Horovitz has extensive experience in development of pharmaceutical drugs, business development and licensing, and has served on the board of directors of a number of publicly-held life science companies.
ROBERT I. TABER, Ph.D. has been a director since May 2001. Dr. Taber began his career in the pharmaceutical industry in 1962, holding a succession of positions within Schering Corporation'sCorporation’s biological research group before leaving in 1982 as director of biological research. He has also held a number of increasingly important positions with DuPont Pharmaceuticals and the DuPont Merck Pharmaceutical Company, including director of pharmaceutical research, director of pharmaceutical and biotechnology research, vice president of pharmaceutical research and vice president of extramural research and development. From 1994 to 1998, Dr. Taber held the position of senior vice president of research and development at Synaptic Pharmaceuticals Corporation before founding Message Pharmaceuticals, Inc. in 1998, serving as president and chief executive officer until 2000. Dr. Taber earned his Ph.D. in pharmacology from the Medical College of Virginia. ERROL DE SOUZA, Ph.D.
Dr. Taber has been a director since April 2003. Dr. De Souza has nearly two decades ofextensive experience in the field of drug discoverypharmaceutical research and development. From April 2003 to January 2009, Dr. De Souza was president and chief executive officer of Archemix Corporation, a biopharmaceutical company focused on aptamer therapeutics. From September 2002 to March 2003, he was president and chief executive officer and a director of Synaptic Pharmaceuticals. As a result of a merger effective March 2003, Synaptic Pharmaceuticals became a wholly-owned subsidiary of H. Lundbeck A/S, an internationaldevelopment both in large pharmaceutical company. Prior to that, Dr. De Souza held senior management positions with Aventis, and its predecessor company Hoechst Marion Roussel Pharmaceuticals, and was co-founder of Neurocrine Biosciences, Inc. He is currently a director of Archemix Corporation and Targacept, Inc., publicly-held life sciences companies and Bionomics Limited, an Australian life science company publicly traded on the Australian Stock Exchange. Dr. De Souza received his B.A. (Honors) in physiologysmaller biotechnology and his Ph.D. in neuroendocrinology from the University of Toronto and he received his postdoctoral fellowship in neuroscience from The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine.biopharmaceutical companies.
J. STANLEY HULL has been a director since September 2005. Mr. Hull has over three decades of experience in the field of sales and marketing. Mr. Hull joined GlaxoSmithKline, a research-based pharmaceutical company, in October 1987 and retired as Senior Vice President, Pharmaceuticals in August 2009,May 2010, having previously served in the R&D organization of GlaxoSmithKline as Vice President and Worldwide Director of Therapeutic Development and Product Strategy – Neurology and Psychiatry. Prior to that, he was Vice President of Marketing – Infectious Diseases and Gastroenterology for Glaxo
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Table of Contents
Wellcome Inc. Mr. Hull started his career in the pharmaceutical
industry with SmithKline and French Laboratories in 1978. Mr. Hull received his B.S. in business administration from the University of North Carolina at Greensboro.
Director IndependenceMr. Hull has extensive experience in commercial operations, development and marketing of pharmaceutical drugs and corporate alliances between pharmaceutical companies and biotechnology companies. The
ALAN W. DUNTON, M.D. has been a director since June 2011. Since April 2006, he has been president of Danerius, LLC, a biotechnology consulting company, which he founded in 2006. From January 2007 to March 2009, Dr. Dunton served as president and chief executive officer of Panacos Pharmaceuticals Inc. and he served as a managing director of Panacos from March 2009 to January 2011. Dr. Dunton is a member of the board of directors has determined that all of the publicly-traded companies Oragenics, Inc. and Targacept, Inc. and, within the past five years, he served on the board of directors of the publicly-traded companies Adams Respiratory Therapeutics, Inc. (acquired by Reckitt Benckiser Group plc), MediciNova, Inc. and nominees except forPanacos Pharmaceuticals, Inc. Previously, Dr. Spana (our chiefDunton served as a director or executive officer of various pharmaceutical companies, and president) are independent directors,from 1994 to 2001, Dr. Dunton was a senior executive in various capacities in the Pharmaceuticals Group of Johnson & Johnson. Dr. Dunton received his M.D. degree from New York University School of Medicine, where he completed his residency in internal medicine. He also was a Fellow in Clinical Pharmacology at the New York Hospital/Cornell University Medical Center.
Dr. Dunton has extensive drug development and clinical research experience, having played a key role in the development of more than 20 products to regulatory approval, and also has extensive experience as
defined in Section 121A of the NYSE Amex original listing requirements.an executive or officer for large pharmaceutical companies and smaller biotechnology and biopharmaceutical companies.
The Board and Its Committees
Committees and meetings.meetings. The board has an Audit Committee, a Compensation Committee and a Nominating and Corporate Governance Committee. During fiscal
2009,2011, the board met four times, the Audit Committee met four times, the Compensation Committee met twice and the Nominating and Corporate Governance Committee met once. Each director attended at least 75% of the total number of meetings of the board and committees of the board on which he served. With the exception of Drs. Prendergast and Spana, the directors did not attend the annual meeting of stockholders held on May
13, 2009.11, 2011. Audit Committee.Committee. The Audit Committee reviews the engagement of the independent registered public accounting firm and reviews the independence of the independent registered public accounting firm. The Audit Committee also reviews the audit and non-audit fees of the independent registered public accounting firm and the adequacy of our internal control procedures. The Audit Committee is currently composed of
threefour non-employee directors, Mr. deVeer
(chair) and Drs.
HorovitzTaber, Molinoff and
Taber,Dunton, all of whom are independent. The board has determined that the members of the Audit Committee are independent, as defined in
Section 803the listing standards of the NYSE Amex,
Company Guide, and satisfy the requirements of the NYSE Amex as to financial literacy and expertise. The board has determined that at least one member of the committee, Mr. deVeer, is
anthe audit committee financial expert as defined by
the SEC.Item 407 of Regulation S-K. The responsibilities of the Audit Committee are set forth in a written charter adopted by the board, a copy of which is available on our web site at www.palatin.com.
Compensation Committee.Committee. The Compensation Committee reviews and recommends to the board on an annual basis employment agreements and compensation for our officers, directors and some employees, and administers our
20052011 Stock
Incentive Plan and the options still outstanding which were granted under previous stock option plans. The Compensation Committee is composed of Mr. deVeer and Drs. Horovitz, Taber
(chair) and
De Souza, allDunton. The board has determined that the members of
whomthe Compensation Committee are
independent.independent, as defined in the listing standards of the NYSE Amex. The Compensation Committee does not have a written charter. The committee administers our 20052011 Stock Incentive Plan, under which it may delegatehas delegated to an officer its authority to grant stock options to employees and rightsto a single-member committee of the board its authority to grant restricted stock units to officers and employees, except that it cannot authorize anto grant options and restricted stock units to our consultants, but in either instance not to grant options or restricted stock units to themselves, any member of the board or officer, or any person subject to make grants to himself.Section 16 of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934. Our chief financial officer and our Director of Human Resources and Administration supportsupports the committee in its work by gathering, analyzing and presenting data on our compensation arrangements and compensation in the marketplace. Nominating and Corporate Governance Committee.Committee. The Nominating and Corporate Governance Committee assists the board in recommending nominees as described above,for directors, and in determining the composition of committees. It also reviews, assesses and makes recommendations to the board concerning policies and guidelines for corporate governance, including relationships of the board, the stockholders and management in determining our direction and performance. The responsibilities of the Nominating and Corporate Governance Committee are set
forth in a written charter adopted by the board, a copy of which is available on our web site at www.palatin.com. The Nominating and Corporate Governance Committee is composed of Mr.
deVeerHull and Drs. Horovitz
(chair) and
De Souza,Molinoff, each of whom meets the independence requirements currently established by the NYSE
Amex.Amex, and Dr. Prendergast.
Duration of office.Office. Unless a director resigns, all directors hold office until the next annual meeting of stockholders or until their successors have been elected and qualified. Directors serve as members of committees as the board determines from time to time.
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Table of Contents
Stockholder Communication with Directors
Generally, stockholders who have questions or concerns should contact Stephen T. Wills, Secretary, Palatin Technologies, Inc., 4C Cedar Brook Drive, Cranbury, NJ 08512. However, any stockholdersstockholder who wishwishes to address questions regarding our business directly to the board of directors, or any individual director, shouldcan direct their questions to the non-employee board members viaor a director by regular mail to the Secretary at the address above or by e-mail at to boardofdirectors@palatin.com. Stockholders may submit their concerns anonymously or confidentially by postal mail.
Communications are distributed to the board, or to any individual directors as appropriate, depending on the facts and circumstances outlined in the communication, unless the Secretary determines that the communication is unrelated to the duties and responsibilities of the board, such as product inquiries, resumes, advertisements or other promotional material. Communications that are unduly hostile, threatening, illegal or similarly unsuitable will also not be distributed to the board or any director. All communications excluded from distribution will be retained and made available to any non-management director upon request.
Code of Corporate Conduct and Ethics
We have adopted a code of corporate conduct and ethics that applies to all of our directors, officers and employees, including our chief executive officer and chief financial officer. You can view the code of corporate conduct and ethics at our website, www.palatin.com. We will disclose any amendments to, or waivers from, provisions of the code of corporate conduct and ethics that apply to our directors, principal executive and financial officers in a current report on Form 8-K, unless the rules of the NYSE Amex permit website posting of any such amendments or waivers. Executive officers are appointed by the board and serve at the discretion of the board. Each officer holds his position until his successor is appointed and qualified. The current executive officers hold office under employment agreements.
| Name | Age | |
Name | Age | Position with Palatin |
Carl Spana, Ph.D. | 4749 | Chief executive officer, president and director |
Stephen T. Wills, MST, CPA | 5254 | Chief financial officer, andchief operating officer, executive vice president, of
operations, secretary and treasurer |
Trevor Hallam, Ph.D. | 51 | Executive vice president of research and development |
Additional information about Dr. Spana is included above under the heading “Identification of Directors.” STEPHEN T. WILLS, MST, CPA, has been vice president, secretary, treasurer and chief financial officer since 1997 and has beenwas executive vice president of operations since 2005.from 2005 until June 2011, when he was appointed chief operating officer and executive vice president. From July 1997 to August 2000, Mr. Wills was also a vice president and the chief financial officer of Derma Sciences, Inc., a publicly-held company which provides wound and skin care products, and currently serves as lead director of Derma. Mr. Wills is also a director of U.S. Helicopter Corp., a publicly-held company. From 1991 to August 2000, he was the president and chief operating officer of Golomb, Wills & Company, P.C., a public accounting firm. Mr. Wills, a certified public accountant, received his B.S. in accounting from West Chester University, and an M.S. in taxation from Temple University. TREVOR HALLAM, Ph.D., has been executive vice president of research and development since May 2005. From 1996 to 2005, Dr. Hallam held senior management positions within AstraZeneca R&D, including vice president of biologics based out of the UK, vice president of respiratory and inflammation research based in Sweden and vice president of medical affairs within the US. From 1985 to 1995, Dr. Hallam served in senior management positions within Smith Kline and French Research, Glaxo Group Research and Roche Research. Dr. Hallam joined the pharmaceutical industry after a postdoctoral fellowship at the Physiological Laboratory, University of Cambridge, UK. He earned his Ph.D. in biochemistry from the University of London and his B.Sc. from the University of Leeds.
Section 16(A) Beneficial Ownership Reporting Compliance
The rules of the SEC require us to disclose failures to file or late filings of reports of stock ownership and changes in stock ownership required to be filed by our directors, officers and officers.holders of more than 10% of our common stock. To the best of our knowledge, all of the filings for our directors, officers and officersholders of more than
10% of our common stock were made on a timely basis in fiscal
2009.2011, except that filings for the initial vesting period for a two-period vesting of restricted stock units to our executive officers were inadvertently not timely, though filings relating to the initial grant and final vesting of the restricted stock unit grants were timely.47
Fiscal 2011 Summary Compensation Table
The following table summarizes the compensation earned by or paid to our principal executive officer, principal financial officer and our one other executive officer (our named executive officers) for our fiscal years ended June 30, 20092011 and 2008.2010. We have no non-equity incentive plan, no defined benefit or actuarial pension plan, and no deferred compensation plan. | | | | | | | |
Name and Principal
Position | Fiscal
Year | Salary
($) | Bonus (1)
($) | Stock
awards (2)
($) | Option
awards (2)
($) | All
other
compen-
sation (3)
($) | Total
($) |
| Carl Spana, Ph.D., | 2009 | 390,000 | 25,000 | 245,397 | 106,404 | 9,750 | 776,551 |
| chief executive |
| officer and president | 2008 | 390,000 | 0 | 281,750 | 66,013 | 5,688 | 743,451 |
| |
| Stephen T. Wills, | 2009 | 321,000 | 25,000 | 198,740 | 81,994 | 11,500 | 638,234 |
| MST, CPA, chief |
| financial officer and | 2008 | 321,000 | 0 | 217,000 | 52,811 | 14,700 | 605,511 |
| executive vice |
| president of |
| operations |
| |
| Trevor Hallam, Ph.D., | 2009 | 321,000 | 25,000 | 198,740 | 66,354 | 11,500 | 622,594 |
| executive vice |
| president of research | 2008 | 321,000 | 0 | 217,000 | 52,811 | 14,700 | 605,511 |
| and development |
Name and Principal Position | Fiscal Year | Salary ($) | Stock awards (1) ($) | Option awards (1) ($) | Nonequity incentive plan compensa-tion (2) ($) | All other compen- sation (3) ($) | Total ($) |
Carl Spana, Ph.D., chief executive officer and president | 2011 | 400,000 | 257,500 | 228,326 | 120,000 | 12,500 | 1,018,326 |
| 2010 | 390,000 | 0 | 62,305 | 0 | 12,250 | 464,555 |
| Stephen T. Wills, MST, CPA, chief financial officer, chief operating officer and executive vice president | 2011 | 330,000 | 227,600 | 190,271 | 100,000 | 12,475 | 860,246 |
| 2010 | 321,000 | 0 | 49,844 | 0 | 12,250 | 383,094 |
| | | | | | | |
| Trevor Hallam, Ph.D., former executive vice president of research and development (4) | 2011 | 165,000 | 34,000 | 0 | 0 | 169,225 | 368,225 |
| 2010 | 321,000 | 0 | 49,844 | 0 | 12,250 | 383,094 |
| (1) | | 2009 bonus amounts were paid on December 31, 2008. There were no bonuses awarded to any of our executive officers for fiscal 2008. |
(2) | | Amounts in these columns represent compensation expense which we recognizedthe aggregate grant date fair value for stock awards and option awards computed in the fiscal year shown.accordance with FASB ASC Topic 718. For a description of the assumptions we used to calculate these amounts, see Note 9 to the consolidated financial statements included in this Annual Report. |
| (2) | Bonus amounts for fiscal 2011 were set by the board on June 22, 2011, but were not paid until July 15, 2011. There were no bonuses awarded to any of our executive officers for fiscal 2010. |
| (3) | | Consists of matching contributions to 401(k) plan accounts.accounts and, for fiscal 2011 for Dr. Hallam, includes severance payments of $165,000. |
| (4) | Dr. Hallam resigned effective December 31, 2010. All of his stock and option awards terminated prior to June 30, 2011. |
Employment Agreements
On June 5, 2007,
Effective July 1, 2010, we entered into employment agreements with Dr. Spana, Mr. Wills and Dr. Hallam, whichHallam. The agreements with Dr. Spana and Mr. Wills continue through June 30, 20102013 unless terminated earlier. The agreement with Dr. Hallam terminated with his resignation on December 31, 2010. Under these agreements, which replaced substantially similar agreements that expired on June 30, 2010, Dr. Spana is serving as chief executive officer and president at a currentbase salary of $390,000 per year; Mr. Wills is serving as chief financial officer, chief operating officer and executive vice president of operations and chief financial officer at a currentbase salary of $321,000 per year; and Dr. Hallam iswas serving as executive vice president of research and development at a currentbase salary of $321,000 per year. The current salary as set by the board for Dr. Spana is $420,000 per year and for Mr. Wills is $375,000 per year. Each agreement also provides for:
annual discretionary bonus compensation, in an amount to be decided by the Compensation Committee and approved by the board, based on achievement of yearly objectives; and
participation in all benefit programs that we establish, to the extent the executive's position, tenure, salary, age, health and other qualifications make him eligible to participate.The Compensation Committee awarded a discretionary bonus of $25,000 to each of our named executive officers in December 2008, but determined not to award any further discretionary bonuses to our named executive officers or to authorized any increase in our named executive officers’ salaries for fiscal 2009, based on events transpiring during fiscal 2009, including our financial condition and the decrease in our common stock price.
48
| · | annual discretionary bonus compensation, in an amount to be decided by the Compensation Committee and approved by the board, based on achievement of yearly objectives; and |
| · | participation in all benefit programs that we establish, to the extent the executive’s position, tenure, salary, age, health and other qualifications make him eligible to participate. |
Each agreement allows us or the executive to terminate the agreement upon written notice, and contains other provisions for termination by us for
"cause,"“cause,” or by the employee for
"good reason"“good reason” or due to a
"change“change in
control"control” (as these terms are defined in the employment agreements and set forth below). Early termination may, in some circumstances, result in severance pay at the salary then in effect, plus continuation of medical and dental benefits then in effect for a period of two years (Dr. Spana) or 18 months (Mr.
WillsWills). In addition, the agreements provide that options and
Dr. Hallam).restricted stock units granted to these officers accelerate upon termination of employment except for voluntary resignation by the officer or termination for cause. In the event of retirement, termination by the officer for good reason, or termination by us other than for “cause”, options may be exercised until the earlier of twenty-four months following termination or expiration of the option term. Arrangements with our named executive officers in connection with a termination following a change in control are described below. Each agreement includes non-competition, non-solicitation and confidentiality covenants.
The Compensation Committee determined not to award any bonuses to our named executive officers for fiscal 2010, based on results of operations, including our financial condition and our common stock price, but awarded bonuses for fiscal 2011, which were paid on July 15, 2011, based on results of operations, including clinical trial operations and our financial condition.
Stock Option and Restricted Stock Unit Grants
In
October 2006, we granted 375,000, 300,000 and 300,000 restricted stock units to Dr. Spana, Mr. Wills and Dr. Hallam, respectively, which vest on March 26, 2010, provided that the executive remains employed by us through such date, subject to earlier vesting in the event of a change in control or termination of employment other than a voluntary termination or termination for cause. The restricted stock units also require that each
executive retain ownership of at least 33% of the vested stock for the duration of the executive’s employment with us unless there is a change in control or for hardship as determined by the board of directors. In connection with the grant of the restricted stock units to our named executive officers in October 2006, we determined at that time that the named executive officers would not receive any further stock options or stock awards during the remainder of fiscal year 2007 or the next three fiscal years thereafter, subject, however, to annual review by the Compensation Committee, which is authorized to make additional grants if warranted based on market conditions, our common stock price, the need to retain our executive officers2010 and the interests of our stockholders. In fiscal year 2009,2011, the Compensation Committee determined that additional equity grants were necessary in order to motivate and retain our named executive officers. Effective July 1, 2008,2009, Dr. Spana, Mr. Wills and Dr. Hallam were granted options to purchase 250,000, 200,00025,000, 20,000 and 200,00020,000 shares of common stock, respectively, which options vestvesting over four years. years, with an exercise price equal to the closing price of our common stock on the date of grant.
On December 10, 2008,July 21, 2010, we granted 25,000, 20,000 and 20,000 restricted stock units to Dr. Spana, Mr. Wills and Dr. Hallam, were awardedrespectively, which vested as to 50% on September 15, 2010 and the remaining 50% on March 15, 2011 for Dr. Spana and Mr. Wills. Dr. Hallam’s 10,000 unvested restricted stock units as toterminated with his resignation on December 31, 2010.
On June 22, 2011, we granted 250,000
shares of common stock each, whichand 225,000 restricted stock units
to Dr. Spana and Mr. Wills, respectively, which will vest
as to 50% on
December 31, 2009, provided thatJune 22, 2012 and the
executive remains employed by us through such date, subjectremaining 50% on June 22, 2013. We also granted 300,000 and 250,000 stock options to
earlier vesting in the event of a change in control or termination of employment other than a voluntary termination or termination for cause. In fiscal year 2008, the Compensation Committee determined that additional stock option grants were necessary in order to motivate and retain our named executive officers, and on March 26, 2008, Dr. Spana
and Mr. Wills,
and Dr. Hallam were granted optionsrespectively, which will vest as to
purchase 375,000, 300,000 and 300,000 shares of common stock, respectively. Twenty-five percent25% on each anniversary of the
shares underlying each option were granted atgrant date. These options have an exercise price
of $1.00, which is in excess of the fair market value on the date of grant
in order to incentivize the executive to improve our financial condition.($0.86), and they expire on June 22, 2021.
Outstanding Equity Awards at
20092011 Fiscal Year-End
The following table summarizes all of the outstanding equityequity-based awards granted to our named executive officers as of June 30, 2009,2011, the end of our fiscal year.
| | | Option awards (1) | | Stock awards (2) |
Name (3) | Option or stock award grant date | Number of securities underlying unexercised options (#) exercisable | Number of securities underlying unexercised options (#) unexercisable | Option exercise price ($) | Option expiration date | | Number of shares or units of stock that have not vested (#) | Market value of shares or units of stock that have not vested ($) (4) |
| Carl Spana | 10/01/01 | 10,000 | 0 | 31.90 | 10/01/11 | | | |
| | 12/11/02 | 10,000 | 0 | 20.00 | 12/11/12 | | | |
| | 07/16/03 | 10,000 | 0 | 32.40 | 07/16/13 | | | |
| | 07/01/05 | 7,500 | 0 | 37.50 | 07/01/15 | | | |
| | 07/01/05 | 8,300 | 0 | 17.50 | 07/01/15 | | | |
| | | Option awards (1) | | Stock awards (2) |
| Name (3) | Option or stock award grant date | Number of securities underlying unexercised options (#) exercisable | Number of securities underlying unexercised options (#) unexercisable | Option exercise price ($) | Option expiration date | | Number of shares or units of stock that have not vested (#) | Market value of shares or units of stock that have not vested ($) (4) |
| | 07/01/05 | 8,300 | 0 | 17.50 | 07/01/15 | | | |
| | 10/06/06 | 12,500 | 0 | 24.90 | 10/06/16 | | | |
| | 03/26/08 | 21,093 | 7,031 | 2.80 | 03/26/18 | | | |
| | 03/26/08 | 3,516 | 1,172 | 5.00 | 03/26/18 | | | |
| | 03/26/08 | 3,516 | 1,172 | 6.60 | 03/26/18 | | | |
| | 07/01/08 | 12,500 | 12,500 | 1.80 | 07/01/18 | | | |
| | 07/01/09 | 6,250 | 18,750 | 2.80 | 07/01/19 | | | |
| | 06/22/11 | 0 | 300,000 | 1.00 | 06/22/21 | | | |
| | 06/22/11 | | | | | | 250,000 | 320,000 |
| | | | | | | | | |
| Stephen T. Wills | 10/01/01 | 7,000 | 0 | 31.90 | 10/01/11 | | | |
| 12/11/02 | 8,000 | 0 | 20.00 | 12/11/12 | | | |
| | 07/16/03 | 8,000 | 0 | 32.40 | 07/16/13 | | | |
| | 07/01/05 | 5,000 | 0 | 37.50 | 07/01/15 | | | |
| | 07/01/05 | 7,300 | 0 | 17.50 | 07/01/15 | | | |
| | 10/06/06 | 10,000 | 0 | 24.90 | 10/06/16 | | | |
| | 03/26/08 | 16,875 | 5,625 | 2.80 | 03/26/18 | | | |
| | 03/26/08 | 2,812 | 938 | 5.00 | 03/26/18 | | | |
| | 03/26/08 | 2,812 | 938 | 6.60 | 03/26/18 | | | |
| | 07/01/08 | 10,000 | 10,000 | 1.80 | 07/01/18 | | | |
| | 07/01/09 | 5,000 | 15,000 | 2.80 | 07/01/19 | | | |
| | 06/22/11 | 0 | 250,000 | 1.00 | 06/22/21 | | | |
| | 06/22/11 | | | | | | 225,000 | 288,000 |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | Number of | Number of | | | | |
| | securities | securities | | | Number | Market value |
| Option or | underlying | underlying | | | of shares or | of shares or |
| stock | unexercised | unexercised | Option | | units of stock | units of stock |
| award | options | options | exercise | Option | that have not | that have not |
| grant | (#) | (#) | price | expiration | vested | vested |
Name | date | exercisable | unexercisable | ($) | date | (#) | ($) (3) |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| Carl Spana | | 07/08/99 | | 75,000 | | 0 | | | 4.875 | 07/08/09 | | | |
| | | 10/05/99 | | 150,000 | | 0 | | | 3.0625 | 10/05/09 | | | |
| | | 08/01/00 | | 140,000 | | 0 | | | 5.125 | 08/01/10 | | | |
| | | 10/01/01 | | 100,000 | | 0 | | | 3.19 | 10/01/11 | | | |
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| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | Number of | Number of | | | | |
| | securities | securities | | | Number | Market value |
| Option or | underlying | underlying | | | of shares or | of shares or |
| stock | unexercised | unexercised | Option | | units of stock | units of stock |
| award | options | options | exercise | Option | that have not | that have not |
| grant | (#) | (#) | price | expiration | vested | vested |
Name | date | exercisable | unexercisable | ($) | date | (#) | ($) (3) |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | | 12/11/02 | | 100,000 | | 0 | | | 2.00 | 12/11/12 | | | |
| | | 07/16/03 | | 100,000 | | 0 | | | 3.24 | 07/16/13 | | | |
| | | 07/01/05 | | 56,250 | | 18,750 | | | 3.75 | 07/01/15 | | | |
| | | 07/01/05 | | 83,000 | | 0 | | | 1.75 | 07/01/15 | | | |
| | | 10/06/06 | | 62,500 | | 62,500 | | | 2.49 | 10/06/16 | | | |
| | | 10/06/06 | | | | | | | | | | 375,000 | 93,750 |
| | | 03/26/08 | | 70,312 | | 210,938 | | | 0.28 | 03/26/18 | | | |
| | | 03/26/08 | | 11,718 | | 35,157 | | | 0.50 | 03/26/18 | | | |
| | | 03/26/08 | | 11,718 | | 35,157 | | | 0.66 | 03/26/18 | | | |
| | | 07/01/08 | | 0 | | 250,000 | | | 0.18 | 07/01/88 | | | |
| | | 12/10/08 | | | | | | | | | | 250,000 | 62,500 |
| |
| Stephen T. Wills | | 07/08/99 | | 50,000 | | 0 | | | 4.875 | 07/08/09 | | | |
| | | 10/05/99 | | 150,000 | | 0 | | | 3.0625 | 10/05/09 | | | |
| | | 08/01/00 | | 65,000 | | 0 | | | 5.125 | 08/01/10 | | | |
| | | 10/01/01 | | 70,000 | | 0 | | | 3.19 | 10/01/11 | | | |
| | | 12/11/02 | | 80,000 | | 0 | | | 2.00 | 12/11/12 | | | |
| | | 07/16/03 | | 80,000 | | 0 | | | 3.24 | 07/16/13 | | | |
| | | 07/01/05 | | 37,500 | | 12,500 | | | 3.75 | 07/01/15 | | | |
| | | 07/01/05 | | 73,000 | | 0 | | | 1.75 | 07/01/15 | | | |
| | | 10/06/06 | | 50,000 | | 50,000 | | | 2.49 | 10/06/16 | | | |
| | | 10/06/06 | | | | | | | | | | 300,000 | 75,000 |
| | | 03/26/08 | | 56,250 | | 168,750 | | | 0.28 | 03/26/18 | | | |
| | | 03/26/08 | | 9,375 | | 28,125 | | | 0.50 | 03/26/18 | | | |
| | | 03/26/08 | | 9,375 | | 28,125 | | | 0.66 | 03/26/18 | | | |
| | | 07/01/08 | | 0 | | 200,000 | | | 0.18 | 07/01/88 | | | |
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| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | Number of | Number of | | | | |
| | securities | securities | | | Number | Market value |
| Option or | underlying | underlying | | | of shares or | of shares or |
| stock | unexercised | unexercised | Option | | units of stock | units of stock |
| award | options | options | exercise | Option | that have not | that have not |
| grant | (#) | (#) | price | expiration | vested | vested |
Name | date | exercisable | unexercisable | ($) | date | (#) | ($) (3) |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | | 12/10/08 | | | | | | | | | | 250,000 | 62,500 |
| |
| Trevor Hallam | | 05/09/05 | | 350,000 | | 0 | | | 1.99 | 05/09/15 | | | |
| | | 10/06/06 | | 50,000 | | 50,000 | | | 2.49 | 10/06/16 | | | |
| | | 10/06/06 | | | | | | | | | | 300,000 | 75,000 |
| | | 03/26/08 | | 56,250 | | 168,750 | | | 0.28 | 03/26/18 | | | |
| | | 03/26/08 | | 9,375 | | 28,125 | | | 0.50 | 03/26/18 | | | |
| | | 03/26/08 | | 9,375 | | 28,125 | | | 0.66 | 03/26/18 | | | |
| | | 07/01/08 | | 0 | | 200,000 | | | 0.18 | 07/01/88 | | | |
| | | 12/10/08 | | | | | | | | | | 250,000 | 62,500 |
| (1) | | Stock option vesting schedules:schedules: all options granted on or before July 1, 2005October 6, 2006 have fully vested. Options granted on or after July 1, 2005 have the following vesting schedules: |
| | |
Grant date: | Exercise
Price: | Vesting schedule: |
07/01/05 | $3.75 | vestsOctober 6, 2006 vest over four years with 1/4 of the shares vesting per year starting on the first anniversary of the grant date |
07/01/05 | $1.75 | vested over three years with 1/4 of the shares vesting on the grant date and 1/4 of the shares vesting each year thereafter starting on the first anniversary of the grant date |
10/06/06 | $2.49 | vests over four years with 1/4 of the shares vesting per year starting on the first anniversary of the grant date |
03/26/08 | $0.28, $0.50
and $0.66 | vests over four years with 1/4 of the shares vesting per year starting on the first anniversary of the grant date |
07/01/08 | $0.18 | vests over four years with 1/4 of the shares vesting per year starting on the first anniversary of the grant datedate. |
| (2) | | Stock awards consist of restricted stock units granted on October 6, 2006June 22, 2011, which vest as to 50% on March 26, 2010June 22, 2012 and restricted stock units grantedas to the remaining 50% on December 10, 2008 which vest on December 31, 2009,June 22, 2013, provided that the named executive officer remains continuously employed by us through such dates, and whichan employee. The restricted stock units provide for accelerated vesting on a “change in control” or termination of employment other than for “cause” or at the election of the named executive officers (as these terms are |
| defined in employment agreements with the named executive officers). If the named executive officer is terminated for cause or voluntarily terminates employment, all unvested restricted stock units are immediately forfeited. |
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| (3) | Dr. Hallam, who resigned effective December 31, 2010, did not have any equity-based awards outstanding at fiscal year end. |
| (4) | Calculated by multiplying the number of restricted stock units by $0.25,$1.28, the closing market price of our common stock on June 30, 2009,2011, the last trading day of our most recently completed fiscal year. |
Termination and Change-In-Control Arrangements
The employment agreements, stock option agreements and restricted stock unit agreements with Dr. Spana and Mr. Wills and Dr. Hallam contain the following provisions concerning severance compensation and the vesting of stock options and restricted stock units upon termination of employment or upon a change in control. The executive’s entitlement to severance, payment of health benefits and accelerated vesting of options is contingent on the executive executing a general release of claims against us. Termination Without Severance Compensation.Compensation. Regardless of whether there has been a change in control, if we terminate employment for cause or the executive terminates employment without good reason (as those terms are defined in the employment agreement and set forth below), then the executive receives only his accrued salary and vacation benefits through the date of termination. He may also elect to receive medical and dental benefits pursuant to COBRA for up to
eighteentwo years (Dr. Spana) or 18 months
(Mr. Wills), but must remit the cost of coverage to us. Under the terms of our outstanding options and restricted stock units, all unvested options and restricted stock units would terminate immediately, and vested options would be exercisable for three months after termination.
Severance Compensation Without a Change in Control. If we terminate or fail to extend the employment agreement without cause, or the executive terminates employment with good reason, then the executive will receive as severance pay his salary then in effect, paid
on our regular pay schedule,in a lump sum, plus medical and dental benefits at our expense, for a period of two years (Dr. Spana) or 18 months (Mr.
Wills and Dr. Hallam)Wills) after the termination date.
AllIn addition, upon such event all unvested options would immediately vest and be exercisable for two years after the termination
date. Alldate or, if earlier, the expiration of the option term, and all unvested restricted stock units would
terminate immediately.accelerate and become fully vested. Severance Compensation After a Change in Control. If, within one year after a change in control, we terminate employment or the executive terminates employment with good reason, then the executive will receive as severance pay 200% (Dr. Spana) or 150% (Mr.
Wills and Dr. Hallam)Wills) of his salary then in effect, paid in a lump sum, plus medical and dental benefits at our expense, for a period of two years (Dr. Spana) or 18 months (Mr.
Wills and Dr. Hallam)Wills) after the termination date. We would also reimburse the executive for up to $25,000 in fees and expenses during the six months following termination, for locating employment. We would also reimburse the executive for any excise tax he might incur on “excess parachute payments” (as defined in Section 280G(b) of the Internal Revenue Code). All unvested options would immediately vest and be exercisable for two years after the termination
date.date or, if earlier, the expiration of the option term. All unvested restricted stock units
willwould vest upon a change in control, without regard to whether the
exeuctive’sexecutive’s employment is terminated.
Option and Restricted Stock Unit Vesting Upon a Change in Control. AControl. Options and restricted stock units granted under the 2011 Stock Incentive Plan vest upon a change in control by itself does not change compensation or benefits whilecontrol. If any options granted under the employment agreement remains in effect. However, if any options2005 Stock Plan are to be terminated in connection with a change in control, those options will vest in full immediately before the change in control. Definitions.
Definitions. Under the employment agreements, a “change in control,” “cause” and “good reason” are defined as follows: A “change in control” occurs when:
| | (a) | | some person or entity acquires more than 50% of the voting power of our outstanding securities; |
| | (b) | | the individuals who, during any twelve month period, constitute our board of directors cease to constitute at least a majority of the board of directors; |
| | (c) | | we enter into a merger or consolidation; or |
(d) we sell substantially all our assets.
| | (d) | | we sell substantially all our assets.The term “cause” means: |
The term "cause" means:
52
| | (a) | | the occurrence of (i) the executive'sexecutive’s material breach of, or habitual neglect or failure to perform the material duties which he is required to perform under, the terms of his employment agreement; (ii) the executive'sexecutive’s material failure to follow the reasonable directives or policies established by or at the direction of our board of directors; or (iii) the executive'sexecutive’s engaging in conduct that is materially detrimental to our interests such that we sustain a material loss or injury as a result thereof, provided that the breach or failure of performance is not cured, to the extent cure is possible, within ten days of the delivery to the executive of written notice thereof; |
| | (b) | | the willful breach by the executive of his obligations to us with respect to confidentiality, invention and non-disclosure, non-competition or non-solicitation; or |
| | (c) | | the conviction of the executive of, or the entry of a pleading of guilty or nolo contendere by the executive to, any crime involving moral turpitude or any felony. |
The term “good reason” means the occurrence of any of the following, with our failure to cure such circumstances within 30 days of the delivery to us of written notice by the executive of such circumstances:
| | (a) | | any material adverse change in the executive'sexecutive’s duties, authority or responsibilities, which causes the executive'sexecutive’s position with us to become of significantly less responsibility, or assignment of duties and responsibilities inconsistent with the executive'sexecutive’s position; |
| | (b) | | a material reduction in the executive’s salary; |
| | (c) | | our failure to continue in effect any material compensation or benefit plan in which the executive participates, unless an equitable arrangement has been made with respect to such plan, or our failure to continue the executive'sexecutive’s participation therein (or in a substitute or alternative plan) on a basis not materially less favorable, both in terms of the amount of benefits provided and the level of the executive'sexecutive’s participation relative to other participants; |
| | (d) | | our failure to continue to provide the executive with benefits substantially similar to those enjoyed by the executive under any of our health and welfare insurance, retirement and other fringe-benefit plans, the taking of any action by us which would directly or indirectly materially reduce any of such benefits, or our failure to provide the executive with the number of paid vacation days to which he is entitled; or |
| | (e) | | the relocation of the executive to a location which is a material distance from Cranbury, New Jersey. |
The following table sets forth the compensation we paid to all directors during fiscal 2009,2011, except for Dr. Spana, whose compensation is set forth above in the Summary Compensation Table and related disclosure. Dr. Spana did not receive any separate compensation for his services as a director.Director Compensation in Fiscal 2009
| | | |
| Name | Fees earned or
paid in cash ($) | Option awards
($) (1) (2) | Total ($) |
| John K.A. Prendergast, Ph.D. | 60,000 | 21,151 | 81,151 |
| Perry B. Molinoff, M.D. | 30,000 | 11,921 | 41,921 |
| Robert K. deVeer, Jr. | 34,000 | 11,921 | 45,921 |
| Zola P. Horovitz, Ph.D. | 30,000 | 11,921 | 41,921 |
| Robert I. Taber, Ph.D. | 32,000 | 11,921 | 43,921 |
53
| Name | Fees earned or paid in cash ($) | Option awards ($) (1) (2) | Total ($) |
John K.A. Prendergast, Ph.D. | 60,000 | 92,735 | 152,735 |
Perry B. Molinoff, M.D. | 30,000 | 61,822 | 91,822 |
Robert K. deVeer, Jr. | 34,000 | 61,822 | 95,822 |
Zola P. Horovitz, Ph.D. | 30,000 | 61,822 | 91,822 |
Robert I. Taber, Ph.D. | 32,000 | 61,822 | 93,822 |
Errol De Souza, Ph.D. (3) | 15,000 | 6,106 | 21,106 |
J. Stanley Hull | 30,000 | 61,822 | 91,822 |
Alan W. Dunton, M.D. (4) | 0 | 24,976 | 24,976 |
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| | | |
| Errol De Souza, Ph.D. | 30,000 | 11,921 | 41,921 |
| J. Stanley Hull | 30,000 | 19,267 | 49,267 |
| (1) Amounts in this column represent compensation expense which we recognized in fiscal 2009. For a description of the assumptions we used to calculate these amounts, see Note 9 to the consolidated financial statements included in this Annual Report. |
| (2) The aggregate number of shares underlying option awards outstanding at June 30, 2009 for each director was: |
| (1) | |
Dr. Prendergast | 761,000 |
Dr. Molinoff | 524,583 |
Mr. deVeer | 448,533 |
Dr. Horovitz | 355,000 |
Dr. Taber | 350,000 |
Dr. De Souza | 308,750 |
Mr. Hull | 266,667 Amounts in this column represent the aggregate grant date fair value for option awards granted in fiscal 2011 computed in accordance with FASB ASC Topic 718. For a description of the assumptions we used to calculate these amounts, see Note 9 to the consolidated financial statements included in this Annual Report. |
| (2) | The aggregate number of shares underlying option awards outstanding at June 30, 2011 for each director was: |
Dr. Prendergast 180,850
Dr. Molinoff 118,333
Mr. deVeer 117,000
Dr. Horovitz 113,500
Dr. Taber 113,500
Dr. De Souza 29,375
Mr. Hull 107,166
Dr. Dunton 32,500
(3) Dr. De Souza resigned effective December 31, 2010.
(4) Dr. Dunton joined the board on June 22, 2011
Non-employee directors' option grants. Non-employeeNon-Employee Directors’ Option Grants. In the past, our non-employee directors receivereceived an annual option grant on the first day of each fiscal year. year, or such earlier or later date as determined by the board. On June 22, 2011, the board revised practices relating to non-employee directors’ option grants so that non-employee directors receive an annual option grant at the board meeting closest to the beginning of each fiscal year, or such other date as may be determined by the board.
On July 1, 2008,21, 2010, as the first day ofannual option grant for our last completed2011 fiscal year, the chairman of the board received an option to purchase 75,0006,000 shares of common stock and each other serving non-employee director received an option to purchase 40,0004,000 shares of common stock. All of these options have an exercise price of $0.18$1.70 per share, the closing price of our common stock on the date of grant, vestedvest in twelve monthly installments beginning on July 31, 2008,2010, expire ten years from the date of grant and provide for accelerated vesting in the event of involuntarily termination as a director following a change in control, with exercise permitted following accelerated vesting for up to the earlier of one year after termination or the expiration date of the option.
Following the resignation of Dr. De Souza effective December 31, 2010, the Compensation Committee amended the options previously granted to him, such that vested options are exercisable until December 31, 2012. In addition to
On June 22, 2011, as the annual option grant on July 1, 2008for our 2012 fiscal year, the chairman of the board received an option to purchase 250,00018,750 shares of common stock and each other serving non-employee director received an option to purchase 150,00012,500 shares of common stock. stock, which vest in twelve monthly installments beginning on July 31, 2011.
On June 22, 2011, the board also granted additional incentive and retention options to non-employee directors. The chairman received additional option grants for 60,000 shares which vested as to 50% on the date of grant and vest as to 50% on June 22, 2012, and for 30,000 shares which vest as to 25% on each anniversary of the grant date, starting June 22, 2012. Each other non-employee director received additional option grants for 20,000 shares, which vest as to 25% on each anniversary of the grant date, starting June 22, 2012, and, except for Dr. Dunton, for 40,000 shares, which vested as to 50% on the date of grant and vest as to 50% on June 22, 2012.
All
of thesenon-employee director options
granted on June 22, 2011 have an exercise price
$0.18of $0.86 per share, the closing price of our common stock on
the date of grant, vest in four annual installments on the anniversary of the date of grant, expire ten years from the date of grant and provide for accelerated vesting in the event of involuntarily termination as a director following a change in control, with exercise permitted following accelerated vesting for up to the earlier of one year after termination or the expiration date of the option.
On July 1, 2009, the first day of the current fiscal year, the chairman of the board received an option to purchase 60,000 shares of common stock and each other non-employee director received an option to purchase 40,000 shares of common stock. All of these options have an exercise price of $0.28 per share, the closing price of our common stock on the date of grant, vest in twelve monthly installments beginning July 31, 2009, expire ten years from the date of grant and provide for accelerated vesting in the event of involuntarily termination as a director following a change in control, with exercise permitted following accelerated vesting for up to the earlier of one year after termination or the expiration date of the option.
In addition to the annual option grant, on July 1, 2009, as compensation for consulting services rendered in addition to his services as a director, Mr. deVeer received an option to purchase 35,000 shares of common stock at an exercise price $0.28 per share, the closing price of our common stock on the date of grant, which option vests in four annual installments on the anniversary of the date of grant, expires ten years from the date of grant and provides for accelerated vesting in the event of involuntarily termination as a director following a change in control, with exercise permitted following accelerated vesting for up to the earlier of one year after termination or the expiration date of the option.
54
Table of ContentsNon-Employee Directors’ Cash CompensationNon-employee directors' cash compensation.. Dr. Prendergast serves as chairman of the board and receivesfor our 2011 fiscal year received an annual retainer of $60,000, payable quarterly. Other non-employee directors receivereceived an annual retainer of $30,000, payable on a quarterly basis, with the Audit Committee chairperson and Compensation Committee chairperson receiving an additional $4,000 and $2,000, respectively, payable on a quarterly basis. On June 22, 2011, the board revised annual retainer rates commencing with our 2012 fiscal year; the chairman will receive an annual retainer of $75,000, with non-employee directors receiving an annual base retainer
of $30,000. The chairperson of the Audit Committee will receive an additional annual retainer of $10,000, the chairperson of the Compensation Committee will receive an additional annual retainer of $7,000 and the chairperson of the Corporate Governance Committee will receive an additional annual retainer of $4,000. Members of the foregoing committees, other than the non-employee chairman or any employee director, will receive an additional retainer of one-half the retainer payable to the committee chairperson.
Non-employee directors' expenses.Non-Employee Directors’ Expenses. Non-employee directors are reimbursed for expenses incurred in performing their duties as directors, including attending all meetings of the board and any committees on which they serve.Employee directors.Directors. Employee directors are not separately compensated for services as directors, but are reimbursed for expenses incurred in performing their duties as directors, including attending all meetings of the board and any committees on which they serve.
Item 12. Security Ownership of Certain Beneficial Owners and Management and Related Stockholder Matters.
Securities authorizedAuthorized for issuance under equity compensation plans.Issuance Under Equity Compensation Plans. The table below provides information on our equity compensation plans as of June 30,
2009:2011: | | | | | | | | | |
Equity Compensation Plan Information
as of June 30, 2009 |
| Plan category | Number of securities
to be issued upon
exercise of
outstanding options,
warrants and rights | Weighted-average
exercise price of
outstanding
options, warrants
and rights | Number of securities
remaining available for
future issuance under
equity compensation plans
(excluding securities
reflected in column (a)) |
| | (a) | (b) | (c) |
| Equity compensation plans | |
| approved by security | |
| holders | | 10,553,627 | | $ 1.39 | | 6,001,285 | |
| |
| Equity compensation plans | |
| not approved by security | |
| holders | | 30,000 | | $ 3.41 | | 0 | |
| |
| Total | | 10,583,627 | | $ 1.40 | | 6,001,285 | |
We have authorized the issuance of equity securities under the compensation plans described below, without the approval of stockholders.
Wistar Institute of Anatomy and Biology warrants, dated December 15, 2000 - provided common stock purchase warrants to a technology licensor to purchase 15,000 shares at $4.00 per share, with an expiration date of December 15, 2010.
Equity Compensation Plan Information as of June 30, 2011 |
| Plan category | Number of securities to be issued upon exercise of outstanding options, warrants and rights | Weighted-average exercise price of outstanding options, warrants and rights | Number of securities remaining available for future issuance under equity compensation plans (excluding securities reflected in column (a)) |
| | (a) | (b) | (c) |
| Equity compensation plans approved by security holders | 2,731,898 (1) | $4.05 (2) | 1,894,451 |
| Equity compensation plans not approved by security holders (3) | 1,500 | $28.20 | 0 |
| Total | 2,733,398 | $4.07 | 1,894,451 |
| (1) | Consists of 1,533,650 options and 500,000 restricted stock units granted under our 2011 Stock Incentive Plan, 560,595 options granted under our 2005 Stock Plan and 137,653 options granted under our 1996 Stock Option Plan. Both our 2005 Stock Plan and 1996 Stock Option Plan have terminated, but termination does not affect awards that are currently outstanding under these plans. The shares subject to outstanding awards under the 2005 Stock Plan, if forfeited prior to exercise, will become available for issuance under the 2011 Stock Incentive Plan. |
Wistar Institute of Anatomy and Biology warrants, dated May 13, 2002 - provided common stock purchase warrants to a technology licensor to purchase 15,000 shares at $2.82 per share, with an expiration date of May 13, 2012.
| (2) | The amount in column (a) for equity compensation plans approved by security holders includes 500,000 shares reserved for issuance on vesting of outstanding restricted stock units, granted under our 2011 Stock Incentive Plan, of which half vest on June 22, 2012 and the balance on June 22, 2013, subject to the fulfillment of service conditions. Because no exercise price is required for issuance of shares on vesting of the restricted stock units, the weighted-average exercise price in column (b) does not take the restricted stock units into account. |
| (3) | On May 13, 2002, we issued, without stockholder approval, warrants to purchase 1,500 shares of our common stock to Wistar Institute of Anatomy and Biology, a technology licensor. These warrants have an exercise price of $28.20 per share and expire on May 13, 2012. |
Beneficial Ownership Tables. The tables below show the beneficial stock ownership and voting power, as of September 25, 2009,20, 2011, of:
each director, each of the named executive officers, and all current directors and officers as a group; and
all persons who, to our knowledge, beneficially own more than five percent of the common stock or Series A preferred stock.| · | each director, each of the named executive officers, and all current directors and officers as a group; and |
| · | all persons who, to our knowledge, beneficially own more than five percent of the common stock or Series A preferred stock. |
“Beneficial ownership” here means direct or indirect voting or investment power over outstanding stock and stock which a person has the right to acquire now or within 60 days after September
25, 2009.20, 2011. See the footnotes for more detailed explanations of the holdings.
ToExcept as noted, to our knowledge, the persons named in the tables beneficially own and have sole voting and investment power over all shares listed.
The common stock has one vote per share and the Series A preferred stock has approximately 44.255.38 votes per share. Voting power is calculated on the basis of the aggregate of common stock and Series A preferred stock outstanding as of September 25, 2009,20, 2011, on which date 96,155,24934,900,591 shares of common stock and 4,997 shares of Series A preferred stock were outstanding. The address for all members of our management is c/o Palatin Technologies, Inc., 4C Cedar Brook Drive, Cranbury, NJ 08512. Addresses of other beneficial owners are in the table.
MANAGEMENT:
Class | | | | | |
Class | Name of Beneficial Owner | Amount and Nature
of Beneficial
Ownership | | Percent of
class | Percent of
voting
power |
Common | Carl Spana, Ph.D. | 1,040,673234,764 (1)
| * | 1.1% | * |
Common | Stephen T. Wills | 796,500201,800 (2)
| * | * | * |
Common | Trevor Hallam, Ph.D. | 552,50045,448 (3)
| * | * | * |
Common | John K.A. Prendergast, Ph.D. | 601,173100,742 (4)
| * | * | * |
Common | Perry B. Molinoff, M.D. | 435,41665,166 (5)
| * | * | * |
Common | Robert K. deVeer, Jr. | 340,36661,183 (6)
| * | * | * |
Common | Zola P. Horovitz, Ph.D. | 260,83359,833 (7)
| * | * | * |
Common | Robert I. Taber, Ph.D. | 255,83359,833(8)
| * | * | * |
Common | Errol De Souza, Ph.D. | 209,583(9) | | * | * |
Common | J. Stanley Hull | 167,500(10)52,999 (9)
| * | * | * |
Common | Alan W. Dunton | 2,083 (10) | * | * |
| All current directors and executive officers as a group (nine persons) | 4,660,377838,403 (11)
| | 4.6%2.4% | * |
| (ten persons) |
______________________
*Less than one percent.
| (1) | | Includes 998,000117,675 shares which Dr. Spana has the right to acquire under options. Does not include 625,000options, and 4,348 shares issuable on vesting of restricted stock units.which Dr. Spana has the right to acquire under warrants. |
| (2) | | Includes 768,00092,800 shares which Mr. Wills has the right to acquire under options. Does not include 550,000 shares issuable on vesting of restricted stock units. |
| (3) | | Includes 550,000options, and 4,348 shares which Dr. HallamMr. Wills has the right to acquire under options. Does not include 550,000warrants. |
| (3) | Dr. Hallam resigned as an executive officer effective December 31, 2010. Includes only shares issuable on vestingowned by Dr. Hallam according to our records as of restricted stock units.that date. |
| (4) | | Includes 583,50098,975 shares which Dr. Prendergast has the right to acquire under options. |
| (5) | | Includes 425,41664,166 shares which Dr. Molinoff has the right to acquire under options. |
| (6) | | Includes 339,36661,083 shares which Mr. deVeer has the right to acquire under options. |
| (7) | | Includes 255,83359,333 shares which Dr. Horovitz has the right to acquire under options. |
| (8) | | Includes 250,83359,333 shares which Dr. Taber has the right to acquire under options. |
| (9) | | Comprised of shares which Dr. De Souza has the right to acquire under options. |
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Table of Contents
| (10) | | Comprised of sharesShares which Mr. Hull has the right to acquire under options. |
| (10) | Shares which Dr. Dunton has the right to acquire under options. |
| (11) | | Includes 4,548,031617,143 shares which directors and officers have the right to acquire under options.options and warrants. Does not include 1,725,000 shares issuable on vesting of restricted stock units.Dr. Hallam's shares. |
MORE THAN 5% BENEFICIAL OWNERS:
| | | | | |
| Class | Name and Address of Beneficial Owner | Amount and Nature
of Beneficial
Ownership | | Percent of
Class | Percent of
Voting
Power |
| |
| Common | BAM Opportunity Fund, L.P. (1) | 9,484,848 | | 9.9% | 9.9% |
| | c/o BAM Capital, LLC |
| | 44 Wall Street, Suite 1603 |
| | New York, NY 10005 |
| |
| Common | King Pharmaceuticals, Inc. | 5,675,471 | | 5.9% | 5.9% |
| | 501 Fifth Street |
| | Bristol, TN 37620 |
| |
| Series A | Tokenhouse PTE LTD | 667 | | 13.3% | * |
| Preferred | 9 - 11 Reitergasse |
| | Zurich 8027 |
| | Switzerland |
| |
| Series A | Steven N. Ostrovsky | 500 | | 10.0% | * |
| Preferred | 43 Nikki Ct. |
| | Morganville, NJ 07751 |
| |
| Series A | Thomas L. Cassidy IRA Rollover | 500 | | 10.0% | * |
| Preferred | 38 Canaan Close |
| | New Canaan, CT 06840 |
| |
| Series A | Jonathan E. Rothschild | 500 | | 10.0% | * |
| Preferred | 300 Mercer St., #28F |
| | New York, NY 10003 |
| |
| Series A | 103336 Canada Inc. | 300 | | 6.0% | * |
| Preferred | 168 Forest Hill Rd. |
| | Toronto, Ontario, M5P2M9 |
| | Canada |
| |
| Series A | Arthur J. Nagle | 250 | | 5.0% | * |
| Preferred | 19 Garden Avenue |
| | Bronxville, NY 10708 |
| |
| Series A | Thomas P. and Mary E. Heiser, JTWROS | 250 | | 5.0% | * |
| Preferred | 10 Ridge Road |
| | Hopkinton, MA 01748 |
| |
| Series A | Carl F. Schwartz | 250 | | 5.0% | * |
| Preferred | 31 West 87th St. |
| | New York, NY 10016 |
| |
| Series A | Michael J. Wrubel | 250 | | 5.0% | * |
| Preferred | 3650 N. 36 Avenue, #39 |
| | Hollywood, FL 33021 |
| |
| Series A | Myron M. Teitelbaum, M.D. | 250 | | 5.0% | * |
| Preferred | 175 Burton Lane |
| | Lawrence, NY 11559 |
57
Class | Name and address of beneficial owner | Amount and nature of beneficial ownership(1) | Percent of class | Percent of total voting power |
Common | Austin W. Marxe David M. Greenhouse 527 Madison Avenue, Suite 2600 New York, NY 10022 | 4,891,304(2) | 13.9% | 12.9% |
Common | Mark N. Lampert BVF Inc. BVF Partners L.P. 900 North Michigan Avenue Suite 1100 Chicago, Illinois 60611 | 3,496,177(3) | 9.9% | 9.7% |
Common | James E. Flynn 780 Third Avenue, 37th Floor New York, NY 10017 | 3,512,825(4) | 9.9% | 9.3% |
Common | Great Point Partners LLC Jeffrey R. Jay, M.D. David Kroin 165 Mason Street, 3rd Floor Greenwich, CT 06830 | 3,512,825(5) | 9.9% | 9.3% |
Common | Quogue Capital LLC Wayne P. Rothbaum 50 West 57th Street 15th Floor New York, NY 10019. | 2,173,913(6) | 6.2% | 5.7% |
Series A Preferred | Tokenhouse PTE LTD 9 – 11 Reitergasse Zurich 8027, Switzerland | 667 | 13.3% | * |
Series A Preferred | Steven N. Ostrovsky 43 Nikki Ct. Morganville, NJ 07751 | 500 | 10.0% | * |
Series A Preferred | Thomas L. Cassidy IRA Rollover 38 Canaan Close New Canaan, CT 06840 | 500 | 10.0% | * |
Series A Preferred | Jonathan E. Rothschild 300 Mercer St., #28F New York, NY 10003 | 500 | 10.0% | * |
Series A Preferred | 103336 Canada Inc. 168 Forest Hill Rd. Toronto, Ontario, M5P2M9 | 300 | 6.0% | * |
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Table of Contents
| | | | | |
| Class | Name and Address of Beneficial Owner | Amount and Nature
of Beneficial
Ownership | | Percent of
Class | Percent of
Voting
Power |
| |
| Series A | Laura Gold Galleries Ltd. Profit Sharing Trust | 250 | | 5.0% | * |
| Preferred | Park South Gallery at Carnegie Hall |
| | 154 West 57th Street, Suite 114 |
| | New York, NY 10019-3321 |
| |
| Series A | Laura Gold | 250 | | 5.0% | * |
| Preferred | 180 W. 58th Street |
| | New York, NY 10019 |
______________________
*Less than one percent.
| Class | Name and address of beneficial owner | Amount and nature of beneficial ownership(1) | Percent of class | Percent of total voting power |
Series A Preferred | Arthur J. Nagle 19 Garden Avenue Bronxville, NY 10708 | 250 | 5.0% | * |
Series A Preferred | Thomas P. and Mary E. Heiser, JTWROS 10 Ridge Road Hopkinton, MA 01748 | 250 | 5.0% | * |
Series A Preferred | Carl F. Schwartz 31 West 87th St. New York, NY 10016 | 250 | 5.0% | * |
Series A Preferred | Michael J. Wrubel 3650 N. 36 Avenue, #39 Hollywood, FL 33021 | 250 | 5.0% | * |
Series A Preferred | Myron M. Teitelbaum, M.D. 175 Burton Lane Lawrence, NY 11559 | 250 | 5.0% | * |
Series A Preferred | Laura Gold Galleries Ltd. Profit Sharing Trust Park South Gallery at Carnegie Hall 154 West 57th Street, Suite 114 New York, NY 10019-3321 | 250 | 5.0% | * |
Series A | Laura Gold 180 W. 58th Street New York, NY 10019 | 250 | 5.0% | * |
| (1) | | Based solely on information contained in a Schedule 13G filed withUnless otherwise indicated by footnote, all share amounts represent outstanding shares of the SEC on August 17, 2009 by BAM Opportunity Fund, L.P., BAM Capital, LLC, BAM Management, LLC, Hal Mintzclass indicated, and Ross Bermanall beneficial owners listed have, to report shares directly owned by BAM Opportunity Fund, L.P. as of that date,our knowledge, sole voting and the percentage beneficially owned was determined based ondispositive power over the shares outstanding aslisted. |
(i) 2,445,652 shares held by Special Situations Life Sciences Fund, L.P., including 195,652 shares issuable on exercise of Series A warrants;
(ii) 1,467,391 shares held by Special Situations Fund III QP, L.P., including 117,391 shares issuable on exercise of Series A warrants;
(iii) 489,130 shares held by Special Situations Private Equity Fund, L.P., including 39,130 shares issuable on exercise of Series A warrants; and
(iv) 489,130 shares held by Special Situations Cayman Fund, L.P., including 39,130 shares issuable on exercise of Series A warrants.
| MGP Advisers Limited Partnership (“MGP”) is the general partner of that date. Does not include warrants to purchase 3,391,697 sharesthe Special Situations Fund III, QP, L.P. AWM Investment Company, Inc. (“AWM”) is the general partner of common stock held by BAM Opportunity Fund, L.P., which warrants contain a contractual provision that disallows their exerciseMGP, the general partner of and investment adviser to the extent that BAM OpportunitySpecial Situations Cayman Fund, L.P. and its affiliates would, asthe investment adviser to the Special Situations Fund III, QP, L.P., the Special Situations Private Equity Fund, L.P. and the Special Situations Life Sciences Fund, L.P. Austin W. Marxe and David M. Greenhouse are the principal owners of MGP and AWM. Through their control of MGP and AWM, Messrs. Marxe and Greenhouse share voting and investment control over the portfolio securities of each of the funds listed above. |
| (3) | Includes 96,177 shares issuable on exercise of certain warrants. Mr. Lampert is the president of BVF Inc. Based on a resultjoint Schedule 13G filing dated February 24, 2011 and on holdings of suchrecord, each of the |
| owners listed had shared voting and dispositive power with respect to all the shares listed, and the following entities shared voting and dispositive power over the number of shares indicated: |
(i) BVF Investments, L.L.C.: 1,933,180 shares, including 53,180 shares issuable on exercise of certain warrants;
(ii) Biotechnology Value Fund, L.P.: 806,177 shares, including 22,177 shares issuable on exercise of certain warrants;
(iii) Biotechnology Value Fund II, L.P.: 557,332 shares, including 15,332 shares issuable on exercise of certain warrants; and
(iv) Investment 10, L.L.C.: 199,488 shares, including 5,488 shares issuable on exercise of certain warrants.
| (4) | Includes 262,825 shares issuable on exercise beneficially own more than 4.9% of our common stock.Series A warrants. Based on a joint Schedule 13G/A filed on March 15, 2011 filed by Deerfield Capital, L.P., Deerfield Special Situations Fund, L.P., Deerfield Management Company, L.P., Deerfield Special Situations Fund International Limited and James E. Flynn (collectively, “Deerfield”), reporting ownership of 3,532,609 shares, including 282,609 shares issuable on exercise of Series A warrants, consisting of: |
(i) 1,398,913 shares beneficially owned by Deerfield Special Situations Fund, L.P., including 111,913 shares issuable on exercise of Series A warrants, and
(ii) 2,133,696 shares beneficially owned by Deerfield Special Situations Fund International Limited., including 170,696 shares issuable on exercise of Series A warrants.
Deerfield Capital, L.P. shares voting and dispositive power over the shares owned by Deerfield Special Situations Fund, L.P., Deerfield Management Company L.P. shares voting and dispositive power over the shares owned by Deerfield Special Situations Fund International Limited and James E. Flynn shares voting and dispositive power over the shares owned by Deerfield Special Situations Fund, L.P. and Deerfield Special Situations Fund International Limited. The warrants are subject to provisions restricting their exercise to the extent that, upon such exercise, the number of shares then beneficially owned by the holder and its affiliates and any other person or entities with which such holder would constitute a group would exceed 9.99% of the total number of shares then outstanding (the “Ownership Cap”). Accordingly, notwithstanding the number of shares reported, Deerfield disclaimed beneficial ownership of the shares underlying the warrant to the extent beneficial ownership of those shares would cause Deerfield to exceed the Ownership Cap. The number of shares included in the table gives effect to the Ownership Cap.
| (5) | Includes 262,825 shares issuable on exercise of Series A warrants. Dr. Jay and Mr. Kroin are managing members of Great Point Partners, LLC. Based on a joint Schedule 13G filing dated March 1, 2011, each of the owners listed had shared voting and dispositive power with respect to all the shares listed. Point Partners, LLC is the investment manager for the following entities or persons, which have shared voting and dispositive power over the number of shares indicated: |
(i) Biomedical Value Fund, LP: 1,060,655 shares, including 92,231 shares issuable on exercise of Series A warrants;
(ii) Biomedical Offshore Value Fund, Ltd.: 611,644 shares, including 53,186 shares issuable on exercise of Series A warrants;
(iii) Biomedical Institutional Value Fund, LP: 393,303 shares, including 34,200 shares issuable on exercise of Series A warrants;
(iv) Lyrical Multi-Manager Fund, LP: 530,328 shares, including 46,116 shares issuable on exercise of Series A warrants;
(v) Class D Series of GEF-PS, LP: 530,328 shares, including 46,116 shares issuable on exercise of Series A warrants;
(vi) David J. Morrison: 17,678 shares, including 1,537 shares issuable on exercise of Series A warrants.
(vii) WS Investments III, LLC: 106,064 shares, including 9,223 shares issuable on exercise of Series A warrants.
| (6) | Includes 173,913 shares issuable on exercise of Series A warrants. According to a joint Schedule 13G filing dated February 24, 2011, each of the owners listed had shared voting and dispositive power with respect to all the shares listed. Mr. Rothbaum is the president of Quogue Capital LLC. |
Item 13. Certain Relationships and Related Transactions, and Director Independence.
The board of directors has determined that all of the directors except for Dr. Spana (our chief executive officer and president) and Dr. Prendergast (our chairman) are independent directors, as defined in the listing standards of the NYSE Amex, on which our common stock is listed.
As a condition of employment, we require all employees to disclose in writing actual or potential conflicts of interest, including related party transactions. Our code of corporate conduct and ethics, which applies to employees, officers and directors, requires that the Audit Committee review and approve related party transactions. SinceIn connection with a firm commitment public offering which is described in a prospectus dated February 24, 2011 which we filed with the SEC, our two executive officers, Carl Spana, Ph.D. and Stephen T. Wills, each purchased 50,000 units, consisting of 50,000 shares of common stock, 50,000 Series A warrants and 50,000 Series B warrants, at the public offering price of $1.00 per unit, which purchase was reviewed and approved by our Audit Committee. Other than as disclosed in this paragraph, since July 1, 2008,2009, there have been no transactions or proposed transactions in which we were or are to be a participant, in which any related person had or will have a direct or indirect material interest.
Item 14. Principal Accountant Fees and Services.
KPMG LLP (KPMG) served as our independent registered public accounting firm for fiscal 20092011 and fiscal 2008.2010.
Audit Fees.Fees. For fiscal
2009,2011, we anticipate that KPMG will bill us a total of
$210,000$282,500 for professional services rendered for the audit of our annual consolidated financial statements, review of our consolidated financial statements in our Forms 10-Q and services provided in connection with regulatory filings. For fiscal
2008,2010, the total billed for the same services was
of $233,000.$210,000. Audit-Related Fees.Fees. For fiscal
20092011 and
2008,2010, KPMG did not perform or bill us for any audit-related services.
Tax Fees.Fees. For fiscal
2009,2011, we anticipate that KPMG will bill us a total of
$15,500$50,346 for professional services rendered for tax compliance. For fiscal
2008,2010, KPMG billed us $15,500 for professional services rendered for tax compliance.
All Other Fees.Fees. KPMG did not perform or bill us for any services other than those described above for fiscal
20092011 and
2008.2010. Policy on Audit Committee Pre-Approval of Audit and Permissible Non-Audit Services of Independent Auditors.Auditors. Consistent with SEC policies regarding auditor independence, the Audit Committee has responsibility for appointing, setting compensation for and overseeing the work of the independent registered public accounting firm. In recognition of this responsibility, the Audit Committee has established a policy to pre-approve all audit and permissible non-audit services provided by the independent registered public accounting firm.
The Audit Committee pre-approves fees for each category of service. The fees are budgeted and the Audit Committee requires the independent registered public accounting firm and management to report
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Table of Contents
actual fees versus the budget periodically throughout the year by category of service. During the year, circumstances may arise when it may become necessary to engage the independent registered public accounting firm for additional services not contemplated in the original pre-approval. In those instances, the Audit Committee requires specific pre-approval before engaging the independent registered public accounting firm.
The Audit Committee may delegate pre-approval authority to one or more of its members. The member to whom such authority is delegated must report, for informational purposes only, any pre-approval decisions to the Audit Committee at its next scheduled meeting.
59
PART IV
Item 15. Exhibits, and Financial Statement Schedules.
(a) Documents filed as part of the report:
1. Financial statements: The following consolidated financial statements are filed as a part of this report under Item 8 – Financial Statements and Supplementary Data:
| — | | Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm |
| — | | Consolidated Balance Sheets |
| — | | Consolidated Statements of Operations |
| — | | Consolidated Statements of Stockholders’ Equity and Comprehensive Loss |
| — | | Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows |
| — | | Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements |
— Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm
— Consolidated Balance Sheets
— Consolidated Statements of Operations
— Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows
— Consolidated Statements of Stockholders’ Equity
— Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
2. Financial statement schedules: None.
3. Exhibits:
| 3.01 | Certificate of amendment of restated certificate of incorporation. Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 3.1 of our Current Report on Form 8-K, filed with the SEC on May 12, 2011. |
| 3.02 | Restated certificate of incorporation. *incorporation, as amended. Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 3.01 of our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended June 30, 2010, filed with the SEC on September 27, 2010. |
3.02 | 3.03 | Bylaws. Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 3.1 of our Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended December 31, 2007, filed with the SEC on February 8, 2008. |
| 4.01 | | Form of warrant issued to purchasers in our April 2006 private placement. Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.3 of our Current Report on Form 8-K, filed with the SEC on April 12, 2006. |
4.02 | | Form of warrant issued to purchasers in our August 2009 registered direct offering. Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.1 of our Current Report on Form 8-K, filed with the SEC on August 13, 2009. |
| 4.02 | Form of Series A and Series B warrant issued to purchasers in our February 2010 registered direct offering. Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.1 of our Current Report on Form 8-K, filed with the SEC on March 1, 2010. |
| 4.03 | Form of warrant issued to purchasers in our June 2010 registered direct offering. Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.1 of our Current Report on Form 8-K, filed with the SEC on June 28, 2010. |
| 4.04 | Form of waiver agreement relating to our Series A and Series B warrants issued to purchasers in our February 2010 registered direct offering. Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.2 of our Current Report on Form 8-K, filed with the SEC on June 28, 2010. |
| 4.05 | Warrant Agreement dated as of March 1, 2011, between Palatin and American Stock Transfer & Trust Company, a New York limited liability trust company. Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.1 of our Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended March 31, 2011, filed with the SEC on May 13, 2011. |
| 4.06 | Definitive form of Series A Warrant certificate pursuant to Palatin’s effective registration statement No. 333-170227 on Form S-1. Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.2 of our Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended March 31, 2011, filed with the SEC on May 13, 2011. |
| 4.07 | Definitive form of Series B Warrant certificate pursuant to Palatin’s effective registration statement No. 333-170227 on Form S-1. Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.3 of our Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended March 31, 2011, filed with the SEC on May 13, 2011. |
| 4.08 | Definitive form of underwriters’ warrant to purchase common stock pursuant to Palatin’s effective registration statement No. 333-170227 on Form S-1. Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.4 of our Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended March 31, 2011, filed with the SEC on May 13, 2011. |
| 10.01 | | 1996 Stock Option Plan, as amended. * Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.01 of our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended June 30, 2009, filed with the SEC on September 28, 2009.† |
| 10.02 | | Strategic Collaboration Agreement dated as of August 17, 1999, between Palatin and Mallinckrodt, Inc. Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.21 of our amended Annual Report on Form 10-KSB/A for the year ended June 30, 1999, filed with the SEC on December 28, 1999. |
10.03No. | Description |
| 10.03 | Amendment To Strategic Collaboration Agreement dated as of May 13, 2002 between Palatin and Mallinckrodt, Inc. Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 of our Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended March 31, 2002, filed with the SEC on May 15, 2002. We have obtained confidential treatment of certain provisions contained in this exhibit. The copy filed as an exhibit omits the information subject to the confidentiality request. |
| 10.04 | | Securities Purchase Agreement between Palatin and King Pharmaceuticals, Inc. Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.27 of our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended June 30, 2004, filed with the SEC on September 13, 2004. We have requested confidential treatment of certain provisions contained in this exhibit. The copy filed as an exhibit omits the information subject to the confidentiality request. |
10.05 | | Amendment to Strategic Collaboration Agreement dated as of October 1, 2005, between Palatin and Mallinckrodt, Inc. Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.32 of our Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended September 30, 2005, filed with the SEC on November 8, 2005. We have requestedobtained confidential treatment of certain provisions contained in this exhibit. The copy filed as an exhibit omits the information subject to the confidentiality request. |
10.06 | 10.05 | Form of Option Certificate (incentive option) under the 2005 Stock Plan. Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 of our Current Report on Form 8-K, filed with the SEC on September 21, 2005. † |
10.07 | 10.06 | Form of Incentive Stock Option Agreement —– Standard under the 2005 Stock Plan. Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.2 of our Current Report on Form 8-K, filed with the SEC on September 21, 2005. † |
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10.08 | 10.07 | Form of Option Certificate (non-qualified option) under the 2005 Stock Plan. Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.3 of our Current Report on Form 8-K, filed with the SEC on September 21, 2005. † |
10.09 | 10.08 | Form of Non-Qualified Stock Option Agreement under the 2005 Stock Plan. Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.4 of our Current Report on Form 8-K, filed with the SEC on September 21, 2005. † |
10.10 | | Form of stock purchase agreement for our April 2006 private placement. Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.2 of our Current Report on Form 8-K, filed with the SEC on April 12, 2006. |
10.11 | | Restricted Stock Unit Agreement. Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 of our Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended December 31, 2006, filed with the SEC on February 8, 2007. † |
10.12 | 10.09 | Research Collaboration and License Agreement dated January 30, 2007, between Palatin and AstraZeneca AB. Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.2 of our Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended December 31, 2006, filed with the SEC on February 8, 2007. We have requestedobtained confidential treatment of certain provisions contained in this exhibit. The copy filed as an exhibit omits the information subject to the confidentiality request. |
10.13 | | Employment Agreement dated as of June 5, 2007 between Palatin and Carl Spana. Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.45 of our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended June 30, 2007, filed with the SEC on September 13, 2007. † |
10.14 | | Employment Agreement dated as of June 5, 2007 between Palatin and Stephen T. Wills. Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.46 of our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended June 30, 2007, filed with the SEC on September 13, 2007. † |
10.15 | | Employment Agreement dated as of June 5, 2007, between Palatin and Trevor Hallam. Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.47 of our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended June 30, 2007, filed with the SEC on September 13, 2007. † |
10.16 | | First Amendment to the Employment Agreement dated as of June 5, 2007 between Palatin and Carl Spana. Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 of our Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended December 31, 2007, filed with the SEC on February 8, 2008. † |
10.17 | | First Amendment to the Employment Agreement dated as of June 5, 2007 between Palatin and Stephen T. Wills. Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.2 of our Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended December 31, 2007, filed with the SEC on February 8, 2008. † |
10.18 | | First Amendment to the Employment Agreement dated as of June 5, 2007 between Palatin and Trevor Hallam. Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.3 of our Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended December 31, 2007, filed with the SEC on February 8, 2008. † |
10.19 | 10.10 | Palatin Technologies, Inc. 2007 Change in Control Severance Plan. Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.4 of our Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended December 31, 2007, filed with the SEC on February 8, 2008. † |
10.20 | 10.11 | 2005 Stock Plan, as amended effective December 7, 2007, March 10, 2009 and May 13, 2009. Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 of our Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended December 31, 2009, filed with the SEC on May 15, 2009. † |
10.21 | 10.12 | Form of Executive Officer Option Certificate. Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 of our Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended March 31, 2008, filed with the SEC on May 14, 2008. † |
10.22 | 10.13 | Form of Amended Restricted Stock Unit Agreement. Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.2 of our Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended March 31, 2008, filed with the SEC on May 14, 2008. † |
10.23 | 10.14 | Form of Amended Option Certificate (incentive option) under the 2005 Stock Plan. Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.3 of our Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended March 31, 2008, filed with the SEC on May 14, 2008. † |
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10.24 | 10.15 | First Amendment dated June 27, 2008 to the Research Collaboration and License Agreement between Palatin and AstraZeneca AB. Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.28 of our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended June 30, 2008, filed with the SEC on September 29, 2008. We have requestedobtained confidential treatment of certain provisions contained in this exhibit. The copy filed as an exhibit omits the information subject to the confidentiality request. |
10.25 | 10.16 | Second Amendment dated December 5, 2008 to the Research Collaboration and License Agreement between Palatin and AstraZeneca AB. Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.2 of our Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended December 31, 2008, filed with the SEC on February 13, 2009. We have requestedobtained confidential treatment of certain provisions contained in this exhibit. The copy filed as an exhibit omits the information subject to the confidentiality request. |
10.26No. | Description |
| 10.17 | Clinical Trial Sponsored Research Agreement dated December 5, 2008 to the Research Collaboration and License Agreement between Palatin and AstraZeneca AB. Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.3 of our Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended December 31, 2008, filed with the SEC on February 13, 2009. We have requestedobtained confidential treatment of certain provisions contained in this exhibit. The copy filed as an exhibit omits the information subject to the confidentiality request. |
10.27 | | Form of Executive Officer Restricted Stock Unit Agreement. Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 of our Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended December 31, 2008, filed with the SEC on February 13, 2009. † |
10.28 | 10.18 | Form of securities purchase agreement for our August 2009 registered direct offering. Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 of our Current Report on Form 8-K, filed with the SEC on August 13, 2009. |
| 10.19 | Form of securities purchase agreement for our February 2010 registered direct offering. Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 of our Current Report on Form 8-K, filed with the SEC on March 1, 2010. |
| 10.20 | Form of securities purchase agreement for our June 2010 registered direct offering. Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 of our Current Report on Form 8-K, filed with the SEC on June 28, 2010. |
| 10.21 | Employment Agreement, effective as of July 1, 2010, between Palatin and Carl Spana. Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.23 of our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended June 30, 2010, filed with the SEC on September 27, 2010. † |
| 10.22 | Employment Agreement, effective as of July 1, 2010, between Palatin and Stephen T. Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.24 of our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended June 30, 2010, filed with the SEC on September 27, 2010. Wills. † |
| 10.23 | Employment Agreement, effective as of July 1, 2010, between Palatin and Trevor Hallam. Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.25 of our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended June 30, 2010, filed with the SEC on September 27, 2010. † |
| 10.24 | Third Amendment dated September 24, 2009 to the Research Collaboration and License Agreement between Palatin and AstraZeneca AB. Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 of our Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended September 30, 2009, filed with the SEC on November 13, 2009. We have obtained confidential treatment of certain provisions contained in this exhibit. The copy filed as an exhibit omits the information subject to the confidentiality request. |
| 10.25 | Separation Agreement, Waiver and Release by and between Palatin and Trevor Hallam, dated November 14, 2010. Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 of our Current Report on Form 8-K, filed with the SEC on November 19, 2010. † |
| 10.26 | Underwriting Agreement dated February 24, 2011 by and between Palatin and Roth Capital Partners, LLC. Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 1.1 of our Current Report on Form 8-K, filed with the SEC on February 24, 2011. |
| 10.27 | 2011 Stock Incentive Plan. Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 of our Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended March 31, 2011, filed with the SEC on May 13, 2011. † |
| 10.28 | Form of Restricted Share Unit Agreement under the 2011 Stock Incentive Plan. Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.2 of our Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended March 31, 2011, filed with the SEC on May 13, 2011. † |
| 10.29 | Form of Nonqualified Stock Option Agreement under the 2011 Stock Incentive Plan. Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.3 of our Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended March 31, 2011, filed with the SEC on May 13, 2011. † |
| 10.30 | Form of Incentive Stock Option Agreement under the 2011 Stock Incentive Plan. Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.4 of our Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended March 31, 2011, filed with the SEC on May 13, 2011. † |
| 21 | | Subsidiaries of the registrant. * |
| 31.1 | | Certification of Chief Executive Officer. * |
| 31.2 | | Certification of Chief Financial Officer. * |
| 32.1 | | Certification of principal executive officer pursuant to U.S.C. Section 1350, as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002. * |
| 32.2 | | Certification of principal financial officer pursuant to U.S.C. Section 1350, as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002. * |
___________________________
* Exhibit filed or furnished with this report.
† Management contract or compensatory plan or arrangement.
Pursuant to the requirements of Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized.
PALATIN TECHNOLOGIES, INC.
By:/s/ Carl Spana
Carl Spana, Ph.D.
President and Chief Executive Officer
(principal
(principal executive officer) Date: September
28, 200921, 2011
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, this report has been signed below by the following persons on behalf of the registrant and in the capacities and on the dates indicated.
| Signature | Title | Title | Date |
| | | | |
| /s/ Carl Spana | | President, Chief Executive Officer and Director | September 28, 200921, 2011 |
| Carl Spana | | (principal executive officer) | |
| | | | |
| /s/ Stephen T. Wills | | Executive Vice President, and Chief Financial Officer and | September 28, 200921, 2011 |
| Stephen T. Wills | | Chief Operating Officer (principal financial and accounting officer) | |
| | | | |
| /s/ John K.A. Prendergast | | Chairman and Director | September 28, 200921, 2011 |
| John K.A. Prendergast | | | |
| | | | |
| /s/ Perry B. Molinoff | | Director | September 28, 200921, 2011 |
| Perry B. Molinoff | | | |
| | | | |
| /s/ Robert K. deVeer, Jr. | | Director | September 28, 200921, 2011 |
| Robert K. deVeer, Jr. | | | |
| | | |
| /s/ Zola P. Horovitz | | Director | September 28, 200921, 2011 |
| Zola P. Horovitz | | | |
| | | | |
| /s/ Robert I. Taber | | Director | September 28, 200921, 2011 |
| Robert I. Taber | | | |
| | | | |
/s/ Errol De Souza J. Stanley Hull | | Director | September 28, 200921, 2011 |
Errol De SouzaJ. Stanley Hull | | | |
| | | | |
/s/ J. Stanley Hull Alan W. Dunton | | Director | September 28, 200921, 2011 |
J. Stanley HullAlan W. Dunton | | | |
No. | Description |
| 3.01 | Certificate of amendment of restated certificate of incorporation. Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 3.1 of our Current Report on Form 8-K, filed with the SEC on May 12, 2011. |
| 3.02 | Restated certificate of incorporation. *incorporation, as amended. Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 3.01 of our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended June 30, 2010, filed with the SEC on September 27, 2010. |
3.02 | 3.03 | Bylaws. Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 3.1 of our Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended December 31, 2007, filed with the SEC on February 8, 2008. |
| 4.01 | | Form of warrant issued to purchasers in our April 2006 private placement. Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.3 of our Current Report on Form 8-K, filed with the SEC on April 12, 2006. |
4.02 | | Form of warrant issued to purchasers in our August 2009 registered direct offering. Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.1 of our Current Report on Form 8-K, filed with the SEC on August 13, 2009. |
| 4.02 | Form of Series A and Series B warrant issued to purchasers in our February 2010 registered direct offering. Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.1 of our Current Report on Form 8-K, filed with the SEC on March 1, 2010. |
| 4.03 | Form of warrant issued to purchasers in our June 2010 registered direct offering. Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.1 of our Current Report on Form 8-K, filed with the SEC on June 28, 2010. |
| 4.04 | Form of waiver agreement relating to our Series A and Series B warrants issued to purchasers in our February 2010 registered direct offering. Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.2 of our Current Report on Form 8-K, filed with the SEC on June 28, 2010. |
| 4.05 | Warrant Agreement dated as of March 1, 2011, between Palatin and American Stock Transfer & Trust Company, a New York limited liability trust company. Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.1 of our Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended March 31, 2011, filed with the SEC on May 13, 2011. |
| 4.06 | Definitive form of Series A Warrant certificate pursuant to Palatin’s effective registration statement No. 333-170227 on Form S-1. Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.2 of our Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended March 31, 2011, filed with the SEC on May 13, 2011. |
| 4.07 | Definitive form of Series B Warrant certificate pursuant to Palatin’s effective registration statement No. 333-170227 on Form S-1. Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.3 of our Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended March 31, 2011, filed with the SEC on May 13, 2011. |
| 4.08 | Definitive form of underwriters’ warrant to purchase common stock pursuant to Palatin’s effective registration statement No. 333-170227 on Form S-1. Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.4 of our Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended March 31, 2011, filed with the SEC on May 13, 2011. |
| 10.01 | | 1996 Stock Option Plan, as amended. * Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.01 of our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended June 30, 2009, filed with the SEC on September 28, 2009.† |
| 10.02 | | Strategic Collaboration Agreement dated as of August 17, 1999, between Palatin and Mallinckrodt, Inc. Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.21 of our amended Annual Report on Form 10-KSB/A for the year ended June 30, 1999, filed with the SEC on December 28, 1999. |
| 10.03 | | Amendment To Strategic Collaboration Agreement dated as of May 13, 2002 between Palatin and Mallinckrodt, Inc. Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 of our Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended March 31, 2002, filed with the SEC on May 15, 2002. We have obtained confidential treatment of certain provisions contained in this exhibit. The copy filed as an exhibit omits the information subject to the confidentiality request. |
| 10.04 | | Securities Purchase Agreement between Palatin and King Pharmaceuticals, Inc. Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.27 of our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended June 30, 2004, filed with the SEC on September 13, 2004. We have requested confidential treatment of certain provisions contained in this exhibit. The copy filed as an exhibit omits the information subject to the confidentiality request. |
10.05 | | Amendment to Strategic Collaboration Agreement dated as of October 1, 2005, between Palatin and Mallinckrodt, Inc. Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.32 of our Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended September 30, 2005, filed with the SEC on November 8, 2005. We have requestedobtained confidential treatment of certain provisions contained in this exhibit. The copy filed as an exhibit omits the information subject to the confidentiality request. |
10.06 | 10.05 | Form of Option Certificate (incentive option) under the 2005 Stock Plan. Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 of our Current Report on Form 8-K, filed with the SEC on September 21, 2005. † |
10.07 | 10.06 | Form of Incentive Stock Option Agreement —– Standard under the 2005 Stock Plan. Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.2 of our Current Report on Form 8-K, filed with the SEC on September 21, 2005. † |
10.08 | 10.07 | Form of Option Certificate (non-qualified option) under the 2005 Stock Plan. Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.3 of our Current Report on Form 8-K, filed with the SEC on September 21, 2005. † |
10.09 | 10.08 | Form of Non-Qualified Stock Option Agreement under the 2005 Stock Plan. Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.4 of our Current Report on Form 8-K, filed with the SEC on September 21, 2005. † |
10.10 | | Form of stock purchase agreement for our April 2006 private placement. Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.2 of our Current Report on Form 8-K, filed with the SEC on April 12, 2006. |
10.11 | | Restricted Stock Unit Agreement. Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 of our Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended December 31, 2006, filed with the SEC on February 8, 2007. † |
10.12 | 10.09 | Research Collaboration and License Agreement dated January 30, 2007, between Palatin and AstraZeneca AB. Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.2 of our Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended December 31, 2006, filed with the SEC on February 8, 2007. We have requestedobtained confidential treatment of certain provisions contained in this exhibit. The copy filed as an exhibit omits the information subject to the confidentiality request. |
10.13 | | Employment Agreement dated as of June 5, 2007 between Palatin and Carl Spana. Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.45 of our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended June 30, 2007, filed with the SEC on September 13, 2007. † |
10.14 | | Employment Agreement dated as of June 5, 2007 between Palatin and Stephen T. Wills. Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.46 of our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended June 30, 2007, filed with the SEC on September 13, 2007. † |
10.15 | | Employment Agreement dated as of June 5, 2007, between Palatin and Trevor Hallam. Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.47 of our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended June 30, 2007, filed with the SEC on September 13, 2007. † |
10.16 | | First Amendment to the Employment Agreement dated as of June 5, 2007 between Palatin and Carl Spana. Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 of our Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended December 31, 2007, filed with the SEC on February 8, 2008. † |
10.17 | | First Amendment to the Employment Agreement dated as of June 5, 2007 between Palatin and Stephen T. Wills. Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.2 of our Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended December 31, 2007, filed with the SEC on February 8, 2008. † |
10.18 | | First Amendment to the Employment Agreement dated as of June 5, 2007 between Palatin and Trevor Hallam. Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.3 of our Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended December 31, 2007, filed with the SEC on February 8, 2008. † |
10.19 | 10.10 | Palatin Technologies, Inc. 2007 Change in Control Severance Plan. Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.4 of our Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended December 31, 2007, filed with the SEC on February 8, 2008. † |
10.20 | 10.11 | 2005 Stock Plan, as amended effective December 7, 2007, March 10, 2009 and May 13, 2009. Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 of our Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended December 31, 2009, filed with the SEC on May 15, 2009. † |
10.21 | 10.12 | Form of Executive Officer Option Certificate. Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 of our Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended March 31, 2008, filed with the SEC on May 14, 2008. † |
10.22 | 10.13 | Form of Amended Restricted Stock Unit Agreement. Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.2 of our Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended March 31, 2008, filed with the SEC on May 14, 2008. † |
10.23 | 10.14 | Form of Amended Option Certificate (incentive option) under the 2005 Stock Plan. Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.3 of our Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended March 31, 2008, filed with the SEC on May 14, 2008. † |
10.24 | 10.15 | First Amendment dated June 27, 2008 to the Research Collaboration and License Agreement between Palatin and AstraZeneca AB. Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.28 of our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended June 30, 2008, filed with the SEC on September 29, 2008. We have requestedobtained confidential treatment of certain provisions contained in this exhibit. The copy filed as an exhibit omits the information subject to the confidentiality request. |
10.25 | 10.16 | Second Amendment dated December 5, 2008 to the Research Collaboration and License Agreement between Palatin and AstraZeneca AB. Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.2 of our Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended December 31, 2008, filed with the SEC on February 13, 2009. We have requestedobtained confidential treatment of certain provisions contained in this exhibit. The copy filed as an exhibit omits the information subject to the confidentiality request. |
10.26 | 10.17 | Clinical Trial Sponsored Research Agreement dated December 5, 2008 to the Research Collaboration and License Agreement between Palatin and AstraZeneca AB. Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.3 of our Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended December 31, 2008, filed with the SEC on February 13, 2009. We have requestedobtained confidential treatment of certain provisions contained in this exhibit. The copy filed as an exhibit omits the information subject to the confidentiality request. |
10.27 | | Form of Executive Officer Restricted Stock Unit Agreement. Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 of our Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended December 31, 2008, filed with the SEC on February 13, 2009. † |
10.28 | 10.18 | Form of securities purchase agreement for our August 2009 registered direct offering. Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 of our Current Report on Form 8-K, filed with the SEC on August 13, 2009. |
| 10.19 | Form of securities purchase agreement for our February 2010 registered direct offering. Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 of our Current Report on Form 8-K, filed with the SEC on March 1, 2010. |
| 10.20 | Form of securities purchase agreement for our June 2010 registered direct offering. Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 of our Current Report on Form 8-K, filed with the SEC on June 28, 2010. |
| 10.21 | Employment Agreement, effective as of July 1, 2010, between Palatin and Carl Spana. Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.23 of our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended June 30, 2010, filed with the SEC on September 27, 2010. † |
| 10.22 | Employment Agreement, effective as of July 1, 2010, between Palatin and Stephen T. Wills. Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.24 of our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended June 30, 2010, filed with the SEC on September 27, 2010. † |
| 10.23 | Employment Agreement, effective as of July 1, 2010, between Palatin and Trevor Hallam. Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.25 of our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended June 30, 2010, filed with the SEC on September 27, 2010. † |
| 10.24 | Third Amendment dated September 24, 2009 to the Research Collaboration and License Agreement between Palatin and AstraZeneca AB. Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 of our Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended September 30, 2009, filed with the SEC on November 13, 2009. We have obtained confidential treatment of certain provisions contained in this exhibit. The copy filed as an exhibit omits the information subject to the confidentiality request. |
| 10.25 | Separation Agreement, Waiver and Release by and between Palatin and Trevor Hallam, dated November 14, 2010. Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 of our Current Report on Form 8-K, filed with the SEC on November 19, 2010. † |
| 10.26 | Underwriting Agreement dated February 24, 2011 by and between Palatin and Roth Capital Partners, LLC. Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 1.1 of our Current Report on Form 8-K, filed with the SEC on February 24, 2011. |
| 10.27 | 2011 Stock Incentive Plan. Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 of our Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended March 31, 2011, filed with the SEC on May 13, 2011. † |
| 10.28 | Form of Restricted Share Unit Agreement under the 2011 Stock Incentive Plan. Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.2 of our Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended March 31, 2011, filed with the SEC on May 13, 2011. † |
| 10.29 | Form of Nonqualified Stock Option Agreement under the 2011 Stock Incentive Plan. Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.3 of our Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended March 31, 2011, filed with the SEC on May 13, 2011. † |
| 10.30 | Form of Incentive Stock Option Agreement under the 2011 Stock Incentive Plan. Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.4 of our Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended March 31, 2011, filed with the SEC on May 13, 2011. † |
| 21 | | Subsidiaries of the registrant. * |
| 31.1 | | Certification of Chief Executive Officer. * |
| 31.2 | | Certification of Chief Financial Officer. * |
| 32.1 | | Certification of principal executive officer pursuant to U.S.C. Section 1350, as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002. * |
| 32.2 | | Certification of principal financial officer pursuant to U.S.C. Section 1350, as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002. * |
___________________________
* Exhibit filed or furnished with this report.
† Management contract or compensatory plan or arrangement.
