UNITED STATES
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION

Washington, D. C. 20549

 

FORM 10-K

(Mark One)

(Mark One)

 

ýxANNUAL REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

 

For the fiscal year ended: December 31, 2017

OR

For the fiscal year ended: December 31, 2016
OR
o¨TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934
For the transition period from                 to                     
Commission file number: 0-11668

For the transition period from                 to                    

Commission file number: 0-11668

 

Inrad Optics, Inc.

(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)

 

New Jersey 22-2003247
State or other jurisdiction of incorporation or organization (I. R. S. Employer Identification No.)
   
181 Legrand Avenue, Northvale, NJ 07647
(Address of principal executive offices) (Zip Code)

 

Registrant’s telephone number, including area code 201-767-1910

 

Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:None

 

  Name of each exchange
Title of each class on which registered N/A
   

Securities registered pursuant to section 12(g) of the Act:

Common stock, par value $.01 Per Share

 

Indicate by check mark if the registrant is a well-known seasoned issuer, as defined inRule 405 of the Securities Act. Yeso¨.      No ýx.

 

Indicate by check mark if the registrant is not required to file reports pursuant to Section 13 or Section 15(d) of the Act.  Yes  o¨.      No ýx.

 

Note – Checking the box above will not relieve any registrant required to file reports pursuant to Section 13 or 15(d) of the Exchange Act from their obligations under those Sections.

 

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days.

   YesýxNoo¨

 

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically and posted on its corporate Web site, if any, every Interactive Data file required to be submitted and posted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§ 232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit and post such files).

   YesýxNoo¨

 

Indicate by check mark if disclosure of delinquent filers pursuant toItem 405 of Regulation S-K (§ 229.405 of this chapter) is not contained herein, and will not be contained, to the best of registrant’s knowledge, in definitive proxy or information statements incorporated by reference inPart III of this Form 10-K or any amendment to this Form 10-K.ýx

 

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated file, or a smaller reporting company. See definition of large accelerated filer, accelerated filer and smaller reporting company in Rule 12b2 of the Exchange Act. (Check one):

 

Large accelerated filer o¨ Accelerated filer o¨ Non-accelerated filer o¨ Smaller reporting company ýxEmerging growth company¨

If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act.¨

 

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act).

 

   Yeso¨Noýx

 

State the aggregate market value of the voting and non-voting common equity held by non-affiliates computed by reference to the price at which the common equity was last sold, or the average bid and asked price of such common equity, as of the last business day of the registrant’s most recently completed second fiscal quarter. $2,750,322.$7,964,343. (For purposes of determining this amount, only directors, executive officers and shareholders with voting power of 10% or more of our stock have been deemed affiliates.)

 

Indicate the number of shares outstanding of each of the registrant’s classes of common stock, as of the latest practicable date.

 

Common Shares outstanding as of March 30, 2017201813,151,99413,516,600 shares

 

DOCUMENTS INCORPORATED BY REFERENCE

 

Portions of the registrant's definitive Proxy Statement for the 20172018 Annual Meeting of Shareholders, to be filed with the Commission not later than 120 days after the close of the registrant’s fiscal year, have been incorporated by reference, in whole or in part, into Part III Items 10, 11, 12, 13 and 14 of this Annual Report on Form 10-K.

 

 

 

 

Inrad Optics, Inc.

 

INDEX

 

Part I  3
    
Item 1. Business3
    
Item 1A. Risk Factors8
    
Item 1B. Unresolved Staff Comments910
    
Item 2. Properties10
    
Item 3. Legal Proceedings10
    
Item 4. Mine Safety Disclosures10
    
Part II  10
    
Item 5. Market for Registrant’s Common Equity and Related Stockholder Matters and Issuer Purchases of Equity Securities10
    
Item 6. Selected Financial Data11
    
Item 7. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations11
    
Item 7A. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures about Market Risk15
    
Item 8. Financial Statements and Supplementary Data15
    
Item 9. Changes in and Disagreements with Accountants on Accounting and Financial Disclosure15
    
Item 9A Controls and Procedures15
    
Item 9B Other Information1516
    
Part III  1617
    
Item 10. Directors, Executive Officers and Corporate Governance1617
    
Item 11. Executive Compensation1617
    
Item 12. Security Ownership of Certain Beneficial Owners and Management and Related Stockholder Matters1617
    
Item 13. Certain Relationships and Related Transactions, and Director Independence1617
    
Item 14. Principal Accountant Fees and Services1617
    
Part IV  1718
    
Item 15 Exhibits and Financial Statement Schedules1718
    
Item 16 Form 10-K Summary1719
  
Signatures1819

 

 2 

 

 

PART 1

 

Caution Regarding Forward Looking Statements

 

This Annual Report contains forward-looking statements as that term is defined in the federal securities laws. The Company wishes to insure that any forward-looking statements are accompanied by meaningful cautionary statements in order to comply with the terms of the safe harbor provided by the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995. The events described in the forward-looking statements contained in this Annual Report may not occur. Generally, these statements relate to business plans or strategies, projected or anticipated benefits or other consequences of the Company’s plans or strategies, or projections involving anticipated revenues, earnings, or other aspects of the Company’s operating results. The words “may”, “will”, “expect”, “believe”, “anticipate”, “project”, “plan”, “intend”, “estimate”, and “continue”, and their opposites and similar expressions are intended to identify forward-looking statements. The Company cautions you that these statements are not guarantees of future performance or events and are subject to a number of uncertainties, risks, and other influences, many of which are beyond the Company’s control, that may influence the accuracy of the statements and the projections upon which the statements are based. Factors that may cause or contribute to such differences include, but are not limited to, those discussed in more detail in Item 1 (Business) and Item 1A (Risk Factors) of Part I and Item 7 (Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations) of Part II of this Annual Report on Form 10-K. Any one or more of these uncertainties, risks, and other influences could materially affect the Company’s results of operations and whether forward-looking statements made by the Company ultimately prove to be accurate. Readers are further cautioned that the Company’s financial results can vary from quarter to quarter, and the financial results for any period may not necessarily be indicative of future results. The foregoing is not intended to be an exhaustive list of all factors that could cause actual results to differ materially from those expressed in forward-looking statements made by the Company. The Company’s actual results, performance and achievements could differ materially from those expressed or implied in these forward-looking statements. The Company undertakes no obligation to publicly update or revise any forward looking statements, whether from new information, future events, or otherwise, except as otherwise required by law.

 

Item 1.Business

 

Inrad Optics, Inc. (the “Company”, “Inrad”, or “we”), was incorporated in New Jersey in 1973. The Company develops, manufactures and markets products and services for use in photonics industry sectors via three distinct but complementary product areas - “Crystals and Devices”, “Custom Optics” and “Metal Optics.”

 

The Company is a vertically integrated manufacturer specializing in crystal-based optical components and devices, custom optical components from both glass and metal, and precision optical and opto-mechanical assemblies. Manufacturing capabilities include solution and high temperature crystal growth, extensive optical fabrication capabilities including precision diamond turning and the ability to handle large substrates, optical coatings, as well as in-process metrology.

 

Inrad Optics’ customers include leading corporations in the defense, aerospace, laser systems, process control and metrology sectors of the photonics industry, as well as the U.S. Government, National Laboratories and universities worldwide.

 

Administrative, engineering and manufacturing operations are in a 42,000 square foot building located in Northvale, New Jersey.

 

The products produced by Inrad Optics, Inc. fall into two main categories: Optical Components and Laser System Devices/Instrumentation.

 

The Optical Components category is heavily focused on custom optics manufacturing. The Company specializes in high-end precision components. It develops, manufactures and delivers precision custom optics and thin film optical coating services through its Custom and Metal Optics operations.Glass,operations. Glass, metal, and crystal substrates are processed using modern manufacturing equipment, complex processes and techniques to manufacture components, deposit optical thin films, and assemble sub-components used in advanced photonic systems. The majority of custom optical components and optical coating services supplied are used in inspection, process control systems, defense and aerospace electro-optical systems, laser system applications, industrial scanners, and medical system applications.

 

The Laser Devices/Instrumentation category includes the growth and fabrication of crystalline materials with electro-optic (EO) and non-linear optical properties for use in both standard and custom products. This category also includes crystal based devices and associated instrumentation. The majority of crystals, crystal components and laser devices are used in laser systems, defense and security EO systems, medical lasers and R&Dresearch and development applications by engineers within corporations, universities and national laboratories.

 

 3 

 

 

The following table summarizes the Company’s net sales by product categories during the past two years. Laser System Devices/Instrumentation includes all non-linear and electro-optical crystal components.

 

 Years Ended December 31,  Years Ended December 31, 
 2016  2015  2017  2016 
Category (In thousands) Net Sales % Net Sales %  Net Sales % Net Sales % 
                  
Optical Components $8,055   82.5  $7,558  $72.1  $8,363   84.8  $8,055   82.5 
Laser Devices /Instrumentation  1,712   17.5   2,934   27.9   1,496   15.2   1,712   17.5 
Total $9,767   100  $10,492  $100  $9,859   100  $9,767   100 

 

Products Manufactured by the Company

 

Optical Components

 

a)Custom Optics and Optical Coating Services

 

Manufacturing of high-performance custom optics is a major product area for Inrad Optics and is addressed in the marketplace by the Company’s Custom and Metal Optics product lines.

 

The Custom Optics product linefocusesline focuses on products manufactured to specific customer requirements. It specializes in the manufacture of optical components, optical coatings (ultra-violet wavelengths through infra-red wavelengths) and subassemblies for the military, aerospace, industrial and medical marketplace. Planar, prismatic and spherical components are fabricated from glass and synthetic crystals, including fused silica, quartz, germanium, zinc selenide, zinc sulfide, magnesium fluoride and silicon. Components consist of mirrors, lenses, prisms, wave plates, polarizing optics, x-ray monochromators, x-ray mirrors, and cavity optics for lasers.

 

Most optical components and sub-assemblies require thin film coatings on their surfaces. Depending on the design, optical coatings can refract, reflect and transmit specific wavelengths. The Custom Optics optical coating specialties include high laser damage resistance, polarizing, highly reflective, anti-reflective, infra-red, and coating to complex multi-wavelength requirements on a wide range of substrate materials. Coating deposition process technologies employed included electron beam, thermal, ion and plasma assisted deposition systems.

 

The Metal Optics product line is a fully integrated precision metal optics and optical assembly operation which employs high precision diamond machining, polishing, and plating of aluminum, AlBeMet™, beryllium and stainless steel. The Metal Optics product line offers opto-mechanical design and assembly services as part of its manufactured deliverables and can support prototyping through production of large and small metal mirrors, thermally stable optical mirrors, low RMS surface finish polished mirrors, diamond machined precision aspheric and planar mirrors, reflective porro prisms, and arc-second accuracy polygons and motor assemblies. Plating specialties include void-free gold and electroless nickel.

 

b)UV Filter Optical Components

 

This product line consists of crystals and crystal devices including UV filter materials of both patented and proprietary materials with unique transmission and absorption characteristics. These materials are used in critical applications in defense systems such as missile warning sensors. Such materials include nickel sulfate and other proprietary materials.

 

Laser Devices/Instrumentation

 

This product line consists of crystal-based products that are used in, or alongside, laser systems. Developing growth processes for high quality synthetic crystals is a core competency of the Crystals and Devices manufacturing team. These crystals are embedded in our value added devices and instrumentation products manufactured in our Northvale facility and include crystals for wavelength conversion, modulation and polarization, Pockels’ cells, and wavelength conversion instruments. In addition to the filter materials used in the UV Filter Optical components described above, current materials produced include beta barium borate (BBO), lithium niobate, zinc germanium diphosphide, potassium dihydrogen phosphate, potassium dideuterium phosphate and stilbene. Applications for these materials include defense, homeland security, surgical lasers, and industrial processing lasers. The Crystals and Devices team is also engaged in ongoing R & D efforts to develop new materials for evolving applications. Some of the major products produced for the photonics marketplace include:

 

 4 

 

 

a)Crystal Components

 

The Company grows and fabricates electro-optic and nonlinear crystal devices for altering the intensity, polarization or wavelength of a laser beam. Other crystal components, produced as part of the Crystals and Devices product line, are used in laser researchin commercial laser systems and in detection of fast neutrons.

 

b)PockelsPockels’ Cells and Drivers

 

A line of Pockels’ cells and associated electronics is manufactured for sale in multiple market sectors. Pockels’ cells are devices that include one or more crystal components and are used in applications that require fast switching of the polarization direction of a beam of light. These uses include Q-switching of laser cavities to generate pulsed laser light, coupling light into and out from regenerative amplifiers, and light intensity modulation. These devices are sold to medical and industrial laser original equipment manufacturers, research institutes and laser system design engineers.

 

Sales by Market

 

The photonics industry serves a very broad, fragmented and expanding set of markets. As technologies are discovered, developed and commercialized, the applications for photonic systems and devices, and the components embedded within those devices, grow across traditional market boundaries. While a significant part of the Company’sbusinessCompany’s business remains firmly in the defense and aerospace markets, other markets served include original equipment manufacturers (OEM) in the OEM medical and industrial laser market, and OEM customers in the OEM metrology and process control market, university research institutes and national labs worldwide. Scanning, detection and imaging technologies for homeland security and health care markets are beginning to provide opportunities for the Company and these new sectors are expected tocontinueto continue to account for potential future growth and demand for our products and capabilities.

 

In 20162017 and 20152016 the Company’s product sales were made to customers in the following market areas:

 

 Years Ended December 31,  Years Ended December 31, 
 2016  2015  2017  2016 
Market (In thousands) Net Sales  %  Net Sales  %  Net Sales  %  Net Sales  % 
Defense/Aerospace $3,639   37.2  $3,549   33.8  $3,235   32.8  $3,639   37.2 
Process control & metrology  3,436   35.2   4,011   38.3   4,254   43.1   3,436   35.2 
Laser systems  1,573   16.1   2,018   19.2   1,139   11.6   1,573   16.1 
Universities & national laboratories  1,119   11.5   914   8.7   1,231   12.5   1,119   11.5 
Total $9,767   100  $10,492   100  $9,859   100  $9,767   100 

 

Defense and Aerospace

 

This market consists of sales to OEM defense electro-optical systems and subsystems manufacturers, manufacturers of non-military satellite-based electro-optical systems and subsystems, and direct sales to governments where the products have the same end-use.

 

End-use applications for the Company’s products in the defense and aerospace sector include military laser systems, military electro-optical systems, satellite-based systems, and missile warning sensors and systems that protect aircraft. The dollar volume of shipments of product within this sector depends in large measure on the U.S. Defense Department budget and its priorities, that of foreign governments, the timing of their release of contracts to their prime equipment and systems contractors, and the timing of competitive awards from this customer community to the Company.

 

Defense/Aerospace sales represented approximately 37.2%32.8% and 33.8%37.2% of sales in 20162017 and 2015,2016, respectively. Sales increaseddecreased by approximately $90,000$404,000 or 2.5%11.1% from 2015.2016. The increasedecrease in 20162017 is primarily due to increasedreduced bookings and shipments under one long-term governmentfrom a number of defense contract ascustomers partially offset by an increase in shipments to two other major defense customers compared to the previous year.

5

 

The Company believes that the defense and aerospace sector will continue to represent a significant market for the Company’s products and offers an ongoing opportunity for growth given the Company’s capabilities in specialty crystal, glass and metal precision optics.

5

 

Process Control and Metrology

 

This market consists of capital equipment manufacturers whose products are used in the areas of manufacturing process and control, optics-based metrology, quality assurance, and inventory and product control. Examples of applications for such equipment include semiconductor fabrication and testing and inventory management and distribution systems control.

 

Sales in the Process Control and Metrology (PC&M) market decreasedincreased by $818,000 or 23.8% in 2017 compared to 2016 as a percentageand represented 43.1% of total sales from 38.3%compared to 35.2%.Sales decreased $575,000 or approximately 14.3% compared to 2015. in the prior year. The decreaseincrease in 20162017 sales is mainly attributable to reduced salesincreased bookings and shipments to one large international OEM customer serving the semi-conductor industry.industry offset partially by lower sales to two other major customers in the same PC&M market.

 

Despite a decrease in this market’s sales in 2016, theThe Company believes that the optical and x-ray inspection segment of the semiconductor industry offers continued growth opportunities which match its capabilities in precision optics, crystal products, and monochromators.

 

Laser Systems

 

This market consists principally of customers who are OEM manufacturers of industrial, medical, and R&D lasers which the Company serves as an OEM supplier of standard and custom optical components and laser accessories, as well as a number of smaller customers in other markets that arethe Company does not currently large enough to list individually.separately.

 

Sales in this market were lower in 2016 as a percentage11.6% of sales in 2017 compared to 2015, from 19.2% to 16.1%, or in 2016. This represented a decrease of $445,000. This was mainly attributable to lower sales$434,000 or 27.6% from the prior year. Increased shipments to one large health sciences customer and another large customer in the telecom industry.laser manufacturer were offset by lower shipments under direct government contracts.

 

Universities and National Laboratories

 

These sales consist of product sales directly to researchers at various educational and research institutions and through distributors into that market. Sales to customers within the University and National Laboratories market consist primarily of the Company’s legacy systems, Pockels’ cells and related repairs. Sales in 20162017 increased by $205,000,$112,000, or 22.4%10% and as a percentage of total sales to 11.5%12.5% compared to 8.7%11.5% in 2015.2016. This was primarily attributable to increased business in 20162017 from one National Lab that received government funding for a program which utilized our products and an increase in sales to one university account due to a large order volume from a second National Lab customer.received during the year.

 

Major Customers

 

The Company’s sales have historically been concentrated within a small number of customers, although the top customers have varied from year to year.

 

In 2016,2017, the Company’s sales to its top three customers accounted for 25.7%34.6% of sales. This included sales to a division of a major U.S. defense industry corporation that manufactures electro-optical systems for U.S. and foreign governments. These sales accounted for 10.5%represented 14.8% of 2016total sales to this customer that were comparable toduring the prior year sales volume. year.

Two other customers wereincluded one foreign-based manufacturersmanufacturer and one domestic manufacturer of process control and metrology equipment whose sales represented 8.8%14.3% and 6.4%5.6% of sales, respectively.

 

The same three customers represented 10.3%10.5%, 8.3%1.6% and 6.73.5 %, of sales in 2015,2016, respectively.

 

Sales to the Company’s top five customers represented approximately 37.8%45.1% and 42.6%37.8% of sales, in 20162017 and 2015,2016, respectively. All these customers are OEM manufacturers either within the defense, process control and metrology or laser systems sector.

 

Export Sales

 

The Company’s export sales are primarily to customers in Europe, Israel, Asia and JapanAsia and amounted to approximately 23.1%32.5%, and 25.2%23.1% of product sales in 20162017 and 2015,2016, respectively.

 

Long-Term Contracts

 

Certain of the Company’s agreements with customers provide for periodic deliveries at fixed prices over a long period of time. In such cases, the Company negotiates to obtain firm price commitments, as well as cash advances from its customers for the purchase of the materials necessary to fulfill the order.

6

 

Marketing and Business Development

 

The Company markets its products domestically, through the coordinated efforts of the sales, marketing and customer service teams.

 

The Company has moved towards a strategy of utilizing these combined sales and marketing resources for cross-selling all products across all business lines. This strategy is well suited to the diverse and fragmented markets that utilize photonic technologies.

 

6

Independent sales agents are used in countries in major non-U.S. markets, including Canada, the United Kingdom, the European Union, Israel, and Japan.

 

Sales and marketing efforts are coordinated by the Vice President, Sales and Marketing, to promote our product lines and ourthrough various means including participation in trade shows, internet-basedinternet based marketing, media and non-media advertising and promotion and management of international sales representatives and distributor relationships are coordinated at the corporate level under the auspices of the Vice President, Sales and Marketing.distributors.

 

Backlog

 

The Company’s order backlog at December 31, 20162017 was $6,255,000.$6,512,000. The Company’s order backlog as of December 31, 20152016 was $5,195,000.$6,255,000.

 

We anticipate shipping a substantial majority of the present backlog during fiscal year 2017.2018. However, our backlog at any given date may consist of orders with delivery schedules that extend beyond twelve12 months into the future.

 

Competition

 

Within each product category in which the Company’s business units are active, there is competition.

 

Changes in the photonics industry have had an effect on suppliers of custom optics. As end users have introduced products requiring large volumes of optical components, suppliers have responded either by staying small and carving out niche product areas, or by ramping up manufacturing capacity and modernizing their manufacturing methods to meet higher volume production rates. Additionally, the availability of an increasingly large variety of inventoried inexpensive catalog optics has led some OEM manufacturers to “design in” these low-cost solutions rather than utilizing custom designed and manufactured products.

 

Competition for the Company’s crystal devices and instrumentation is more limited and the Company’s laser devices are considered to be high quality and generally offer a combination of features not available elsewhere. As a result of the Company’s in-house crystal growth capability, this area of the business is highly vertically integrated, providing a competitive advantage over other suppliers.

 

For crystal products, the market is highly competitive. Many of the Company’s competitors who supply non-linear optical crystals are located overseas, and can offer significantly reduced pricing for some crystal materials. On many occasions, the quality of the crystal component drives the ultimate performance of the component or instrument into which it is installed. Quality and technical support are considered to be valuable attributes for a crystal supplier by some, but not all, OEM customers.

 

Our metal optics product line has several key competitors who are larger and better equipped to compete on high volume work. There are also several large and small competitors who compete with our products on large form factor optics. The Company has made recent inroads within this competitive landscape, and is building brand awareness in the marketplace.

 

Although price is a principal factor in many product categories, competition is also based on product design, performance, customer confidence, quality, delivery, and customer service. Based on its performance to date, the Company believes that it can continue to compete successfully, although no assurances can be given in this regard.

 

Employees

 

As of the close of business on March 23, 2017,28, 2018, the Company had 6362 full-time employees.

 

Patents and Licenses

 

The Company mainly relies on its manufacturing and technological expertise, know-how and trade secrets in addition to its patents, to maintain its competitive position in the industry. The Company takes precautionary and protective measures to safeguard its technical design and manufacturing processes. The Company executes nondisclosure agreements with its employees and, where appropriate, with its customers, suppliers and other associates.

 

Regulation

 

Foreign sales of certain of the Company’s products to certain countries may require export licenses from the United States Department of Commerce. Such licenses are obtained when required. All requested export licenses of Inrad Optics products have been granted or deemed not-required.

 

7

International Traffic in Arms Regulations (“ITAR”) governs much of the Company’s domestic defense sector business, and the Company is capable of handling its customers’ technical information under these regulations. Inrad Optics, Inc. is registered with the Directorate of Defense Trade Controls, and utilizes a supplier base of similarly registered companies.

 

There are no other federal regulations or any unusual state regulations that directly affect the sale of the Company’s products other than those environmental compliance regulations that generally affect companies engaged in manufacturing operations in New Jersey.

 

7

Availability of Reports

 

Our principal executive offices are located at 181 Legrand Avenue, Northvale, N.J. 07647 which also houses our manufacturing operations. Our telephone number is 201-767-1910 and our corporate website address iswww.inradoptics.com. We include our website address in this annual report on Form 10-K only as an inactive textual reference and do not intend it to be an active link to our website. The information on our website is not incorporated by reference in this annual report on Form 10-K.

 

Our annual reports on Form 10-K, quarterly reports on Form 10-Q, current reports on Form 8-K and any amendments to such reports, as well as other documents we file with the Securities and Exchange Commission, are available free of charge on our web site atwww.inradoptics.com as soon as reasonably practicable after such reports are electronically filed with, or furnished to, the Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”) (www.sec.gov). We will also provide electronic or paper copies of such reports free of charge, upon request made to our Corporate Secretary.

 

Item 1A.Risk Factors

 

The Company cautions investors that its performance (and, therefore, any forward looking statement) is subject to risks and uncertainties. The risks described below are not the only ones we face, but those we currently consider to be material. There may be other risks which we now consider immaterial, or which are unknown or unpredictable, with respect to our business, the markets in which we operate, our competition, the regulatory environment or otherwise that could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition and results of operation.

 

a)The Company has incurred a net loss for the past two years

 

The Company has historically incurred substantial net losses. We had a net loss of $0.6 million and $0.5$0.6 million for the fiscal years ended December 31, 20162017 and 2015,2016, respectively. These losses have had, and will continue to have, an adverse effect on our working capital, total assets and stockholders’shareholders’ equity. We are unable to predict, with certainty, when we will become profitable and our inability to achieve and sustain profitability will negatively affect our business, financial condition, results of operations and cash flows.

 

b)The Company may need to raise additional capital to repay indebtedness and to fund our operations

 

We may need to raise additional financing to repay our outstanding indebtedness of approximately $3.2$2.8 million, as well as, to fund our current level of operations. Additional financing, which is not in place at this time, may be from the sale of equity or convertible or other debt securities in a public or private offering, or from an additional credit facility. We may be unable to raise sufficient additional capital on favorable terms, if at all, to supply the working capital needs of our existing operations or to expand our business.

 

c)The Company has exposure to Government Markets

 

Sales to customers in the defense industry represent a significant part of our business. These customers in turn generally contract with government agencies. Most governmental programs are subject to funding approval through congressional appropriations which can be modified or terminated without warning upon the determination of a legislative or administrative body.Appropriations can also be affected by legislation that addresses larger budgetary issues of the U.S. Government which could reduce available funding for most federal agencies, including the Department of Defense.It is difficult to assess how this may impact our defense industry customers and the business we do with them in the future. The loss or failure to obtain certain contracts or a loss of a major government customer could have a material adverse effect on our business, results of operations or financial condition.

 

d)The Company’s revenues are concentrated in its largest customer accounts

 

For the year ended December 31, 2016,2017, five customer accounts represented approximately 37.8%45.4% of total revenues and onetwo of these customers each accounted for more than 10% of revenues. We are a supplier of custom manufactured components to OEM customers, and have a number of large customers in both the commercial and defense markets, but the relative size and identity of our largest customers change year to year. In the short term, the loss of any of these large customer accounts or a decline in demand in the markets which they represent could have a material adverse effect on our business, results of operations, and financial condition.

8

 

e)The Company depends on, but may not succeed in, developing and acquiring new products and processes

 

To meet the Company’s strategic objectives, the Company needs to continue to develop new processes, improve existing processes, and manufacture and market new products. As a result, the Company may continue to make investments in process development and additions to its product portfolio. There can be no assurance that the Company will be able to develop and introduce new products or enhancements to its existing products and processes in a way that achieves market acceptance or other pertinent targeted results. The Company also cannot be sure that it will have the human or financial resources to pursue or succeed in such activities.

8

 

f)The Company’s stock price may fluctuate widely

 

The Company’s stock is thinly traded. Many factors, including, but not limited to, future announcements concerning the Company, its competitors or customers, as well as quarterly variations in operating results, announcements of technological innovations, seasonal or other variations in anticipated or actual results of operations, changes in earnings estimates by analysts or reports regarding the Company’s industries in the financial press or investment advisory publications, could cause the market price of the Company’s stock to fluctuate substantially. In addition, the Company’s stock price may fluctuate widely for reasons which may be unrelated to operating results. These fluctuations, as well as general economic, political and market conditions such as recessions, military conflicts, or market or related declines, may materially and adversely affect the market price of the Company’s common stock. In addition, any information concerning the Company, including projections of future operating results, appearing in investment advisory publications or on-line bulletin boards or otherwise emanating from a source other than the Company could in the future contribute to volatility in the market price of the Company’s common stock.

 

g)The Company’s business success depends on its ability to recruit and retain key personnel

 

The Company depends on the expertise, experience, and continuing services of certain scientists, engineers, production and management personnel, and on the Company’s ability to recruit additional personnel. There is competition for the services of these personnel, and there is no assurance that the Company will be able to retain or attract the personnel necessary for its success, despite the Company’s efforts to do so. The loss of the services of the Company’s key personnel could have a material adverse effect on its business, results of operations, or financial condition.

 

h)Many of the Company’s customers are in cyclical industries

 

The Company’s business is significantly dependent on the demand its customers experience for their products. Many of their end users are in industries that historically have experienced a cyclical demand for their products. The industries include, but are not limited to, the defense electro-optics industry and the manufacturers of process control capital equipment for the semiconductor tools industry. As a result, demand for the Company’s products are subject to cyclical fluctuations, and this could have a material adverse effect on our business, results of operations, or financial condition.

 

i)The Company’s manufacturing processes require products from limited sources of supply

 

The Company utilizes many relatively uncommon materials and compounds to manufacture its products. Examples include optical grade quartz, specialty optical glasses, scarce naturalMany of the materials have long lead times and manmade crystals, beryllium and its alloys, and high purity chemical compounds. Thethe Company’s suppliers could fail to deliver sufficient quantities of these necessary materials on a timely basis, or deliver contaminated or inferior quality materials, or markedly increase their prices. Any such actions could have an adverse effect on the Company’s business, despite the Company’s efforts to secure long term commitments from its suppliers. Adverse results might include reducing the Company’s ability to meet commitments to its customers, compromising the Company’s relationship with its customers, adversely affecting the Company’s ability to meet expanding demand for its products, or causing the Company’s financial results to deteriorate.

 

j)The Company faces competition

 

The Company encounters substantial competition from other companies positioned to serve the same market sectors. Some competitors may have financial, technical, capacity, marketing or other resources more extensive than ours, or may be able to respond more quickly than the Company to new or emerging technologies and other competitive pressures. Some competitors have manufacturing operations in low-cost labor regions such as the Far East and Eastern Europe and can offer products at lower prices than the Company. The Company may not be successful in winning orders against the Company’s present or future competitors, and competition may have a material adverse effect on our business, results of operations or financial condition.

 

k)The Company may not be able to fully protect its intellectual property

 

The Company currently holds one patent for a material applicable to an important product, but does not in general rely on patents to protect its products or manufacturing processes. The Company generally relies on a combination of trade secrets and employee non-compete and nondisclosure agreements to protect its intellectual property rights. There can be no assurance that the steps the Company takes will be adequate to prevent misappropriation of the Company’s technology. In addition, there can be no assurance that, in the future, third parties will not assert infringement claims against the Company. Asserting the Company’s rights or defending against third-party claims could involve substantial expense, thus materially and adversely affecting the Company’s business, results of operations or financial condition.

 

9

Item 1B.Unresolved Staff Comments

 

None

 

9

Item 2.Properties

 

Administrative, engineering and manufacturing operations are housed in a 41,935 square foot building located in Northvale, New Jersey. The lease for the Northvale facility was renewed for a term of two years from June 1, 2015 to May 31, 2017 at substantially the same terms. The Company hasalong with an option to renew the Northvale lease for two additional one year terms running through May 31, 2019, at substantially the same terms. The Company has exercised its option to renew the Northvale lease for an additional one year term running through May 31, 2018. The Company intends to exercise the first option to renew the lease for aan additional one-year term through May 31, 2019, prior to the end of the current lease term.

 

We believe that our existing facility is adequate to meet current and future projected production needs.

 

Item 3.Legal Proceedings

 

We are not party to any legal proceedings as of the date hereof.

 

Item 4.Mine Safety Disclosures

 

Not Applicable

 

PART II

 

Item 5.Market for Registrant’s Common Equity and Related Stockholder Matters

 

a)Market Information

 

The Company’s Common Stock, with a par value of $0.01 per share, is traded on the OTC Bulletin BoardPink Sheets under the symbol INRD.

 

The following table sets forth the range of high and low closing prices for the Company’s Common Stock in each fiscal quarter from the quarter ended March 31, 20152016 through the quarter ended December 31, 2016,2017, as reported by the OTC Bulletin Board.Pink Sheets. Such over-the-counter quotations reflect inter-dealer prices, without retail mark-up, mark-down or commission and may not necessarily represent actual transactions.

 

  Price 
  High  Low 
       
Quarter ended December 31, 2017 $1.40  $1.05 
         
Quarter ended September 30, 2017  1.45   .61 
         
Quarter ended June 30, 2017  .90   .53 
         
Quarter ended March 31, 2017  .70   .51 
         
Quarter ended December 31, 2016  .54   .31 
         
Quarter ended September 30, 2016  .45   .26 
         
Quarter ended June 30, 2016  .40   .28 
         
Quarter ended March 31, 2016  .40   .30 

  Price 
  High  Low 
       
Quarter ended December 31, 2016 $.54  $.31 
         
Quarter ended September 30, 2016  .45   .26 
         
Quarter ended June 30, 2016  .40   .28 
         
Quarter ended March 31, 2016  .40   .30 
         
Quarter ended December 31, 2015  .50   .25 
         
Quarter ended September 30, 2015  .43   .30 
         
Quarter ended June 30, 2015  .49   .23 
         
Quarter ended March 31, 2015  .50   .16 
10

 

As of March 21, 20172018 the Company’s closing stock price was $0.69$0.99 per share.

 

b)Shareholders

 

As of March 17, 2017,22, 2018, there were approximately 119122 shareholders of record of our Common Stock based upon the Shareholders’ Listing provided by the Company’s Transfer Agent. As of the same date, the Company estimates that there are an additional 239244 beneficial shareholders.

10

 

c)Dividends

 

The Company has not historically paid cash dividends. Payment of cash dividends is at the discretion of the Company’s Board of Directors and depends, among other factors, upon the earnings, capital requirements, operations and financial condition of the Company. The Company does not anticipate paying cash dividends in the foreseeable future.

 

d)Recent Sales of Unregistered Securities

There have been no sales of unregistered securities during the past year.

 

e)Securities Authorized for Issuance under Equity Compensation Plans

Equity Compensation Plan Information

The following table provides information about the Company’s common stock that may be issued upon the exercise of options under the Company’s 2000 Equity Compensation Program and the Company’s 2010 Equity Compensation Program, as of December 31, 2016. These plans were the Company’s only equity compensation plans in existence as of December 31, 2016. The 2010 Equity Compensation Program is the successor to the 2000 Equity Compensation Program, and no additional awards will be granted under the 2000 Equity Compensation Program. No warrants or rights may be granted, or are outstanding, under the 2000 or the 2010 Equity Compensation Programs.

  Number of securities to
be issued upon exercise
of outstanding options,
warrants and rights
  Weighted-average
exercise price of
outstanding
options, warrants
and rights
  Number of securities remaining available for future issuance under equity compensation plans (excluding securities reflected in column (a) 
          
Equity Compensation Plans Approved by Shareholders  760,214  $0.60   3,352,333 
             
             
Equity Compensation Plans Not Approved by Shareholders         
             
             
TOTAL  760,214  $0.60   3,352,333 

Item 6.Selected Financial Data

 

The following data is qualified in its entirety by the financial statements presented elsewhere in this Annual Report on Form 10-K.

 

    As of December 31, or     As of December 31, or 
 For the Year Ended December 31,  For the Year Ended December 31, 
 2016 2015 2014 2013 2012  2017 2016 2015 2014 2013 
                      
Revenues $9,766,525  $10,492,229  $9,726,145  $11,235,654  $11,403,827  $9,859,201  $9,766,525  $10,492,229  $9,726,145  $11,235,654 
                                        
Net (loss) income  (605,085)  (478,935)  (2,514,851)  (1,649,961)  (1,420,833)  (682,531)  (605,085)  (478,935)  (2,514,851)  (1,649,961)
                                        
Earnings (loss) per share                                        
Basic (loss) earnings per share  (0.05)  (0.04)  (0.21)  (0.14)  (0.12)  (0.05)  (0.05)  (0.04)  (0.21)  (0.14)
Diluted (loss) earnings per share  (0.05)  (0.04)  (0.21)  (0.14)  (0.12)  (0.05)  (0.05)  (0.04)  (0.21)  (0.14)
                    
Weighted average shares                                        
Basic  12,926,471   12,570,867   12,221,734   11,975,900   11,825,583   13,357,622   12,926,471   12,570,867   12,221,734   11,975,900 
Diluted  12,926,471   12,570,867   12,221,734   11,975,900   11,825,583   13,357,622   12,926,471   12,570,867   12,221,734   11,975,900 
                                        
Total assets  6,734,632   7,074,989   7,396,415   9,848,055   11,425,139   6,542,505   6,734,632   7,074,989   7,396,415   9,848,055 
Long-term obligations  2,770,722   2,878,906   3,048,747   3,212,868   3,369,135   2,757,738   2,770,722   2,878,906   3,048,747   3,212,868 
Shareholders’ equity  2,197,048   2,622,028   2,995,647   5,363,840   6,794,848   1,685,447   2,182,098   2,622,028   2,995,647   5,363,840 

 

Item 7.Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operation

 

The following discussion and analysis should be read in conjunction with the Company’s consolidated financial statements and the notes thereto presented elsewhere herein. The discussion of results should not be construed to imply any conclusion that such results will necessarily continue in the future.

 

Critical Accounting Policies

 

The Company’s significant accounting policies are described in Note 1 of the Consolidated Financial Statements that were prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America. In preparing the Company’s financial statements, the Company made estimates and judgments that affect the results of its operations and the value of assets and liabilities the Company reports. The Company’s actual results may differ from these estimates.

 

11

The Company believes that the following summarizes critical accounting policies that require significant judgments and estimates in the preparation of the Company’s consolidated financial statements.

 

11

Revenue Recognition

 

The Company records revenue from the sale of its products and services when all four of the following criteria are met: persuasive evidence of an arrangement exists; delivery has occurred or services have been rendered; the sales price is fixed or determinable; and collectability is reasonably assured. Losses on contracts are recorded when identified.

 

Beginning January 1, 2018, we adopted new revenue recognition guidance issued by the FASB, ASU 2014-09, Revenue from Contracts with Customers (Topic 606). This standard outlines a single comprehensive model for companies to use in accounting for revenue arising from contracts with customers and supersedes most current revenue recognition guidance, including industry-specific guidance. The core principle of the revenue model is that revenue is recognized when a customer obtains control of a good or service. A customer obtains control when it has the ability to direct the use of, and obtain the benefits from, the goods or services. Transfer of control is not the same as transfer of risks and rewards, as it is considered in current guidance. We will also need to apply new guidance to determine whether revenue should be recognized over time or at a point in time.

We have performed a review of the requirements of the new guidance and have initially identified which of our revenue streams will be within the scope of ASU 2014-09. We are continuing to work through an adoption plan which includes a review of customer contracts, applying the five-step model of the new standard to each revenue stream and comparing the results to our current accounting; an evaluation of the method of adoption; and assessing changes that might be necessary to our processes, internal controls and changes in financial reporting. The Company is finalizing its review and evaluation of the impact of the accounting and disclosure changes on its business processes and controls for adoption in 2018. Based on our assessment to date, the adoption of ASU 2014-09 is not expected to have a material impact on the Company’s financial position or results of operations.

Inventory

 

Inventories are stated at the lower of cost (first-in, first-out method) or market.net realizable value. Cost of manufactured goods includes material, labor and overhead.

 

The Company records a reserve for slow moving inventory as a charge against earnings for all products identified as surplus, slow moving or discontinued. Excess work-in-process costs are charged against earnings whenever estimated costs-of-completion exceed unbilled revenues.

 

Stock-based compensation

 

Stock based compensation expense is estimated at the grant date based on the fair value of the award. The Company estimates the fair value of stock options granted using the Black-Scholes option pricing model. The fair value of restricted stock units granted is estimated based on the closing market price of the Company’s common stock on the date of the grant. The fair value of these awards, adjusted for estimated forfeitures, is amortized over the requisite service period of the award, which is generally the vesting period.

 

Income Taxes

 

Deferred income taxes are provided on the asset and liability method whereby deferred tax assets are recognized for deductible temporary differences and operating loss and tax credit carry forwards and deferred tax liabilities are recognized for taxable temporary differences. Temporary differences are the differences between the amounts of assets and liabilities recorded for income tax and financial reporting purposes. Deferred tax assets are reduced by a valuation allowance when, in the opinion of management, it is more likely than not that some portion or all of the deferred tax assets will not be realized. Deferred tax assets and liabilities are adjusted for the effects of changes in tax laws and rates on the date of enactment.

 

The Company recognizes the financial statement benefit of an uncertain tax position only after determining that the relevant tax authority would more likely than not sustain the position. For tax positions meeting the more likely than not threshold, the amount recognized in the financial statements is the largest benefit that has a greater than 50 percent likelihood of being realized upon ultimate settlement with the relevant tax authority.

 

The Company classifies interest and penalties related to income taxes as income tax expense in its Consolidated Financial Statements.

 

12

Results of Operations

 

The following table sets forth, for the past two years, the percentage relationship of statement of operations categories to total revenues.

 

  Years ended December 31, 
  2016  2015 
Revenues:      
Product sales  100%  100%
Costs and expenses:        
Cost of goods sold  80.0%  78.7%
Gross profit margin  20.0%  21.3%
Selling, general and administrative expenses  25.1%  24.2%
Operating (loss) income  (5.1)%  (2.9)%
Net (loss) income  (6.2)%  (4.6)%

12

  Years ended December 31, 
  2017  2016 
Revenues:        
Product sales  100%  100%
Costs and expenses:        
Cost of goods sold  80.5%  80.0%
Gross profit margin  19.5%  20.0%
Selling, general and administrative expenses  24.5%  25.1%
Operating (loss) income  (5.0)%  (5.1)%
Net (loss) income  (6.9)%  (6.2)%

 

Revenues

 

Sales were $9,859,000 in 2017, an increase of 1%, or $92,000 compared to $9,767,000 in 2016, a decrease of 6.9%, or $726,000 compared to $10,492,000 in 2015.2016.

 

Sales to the defense and aerospace market increased 2.5%decreased 11.1% to $3,234,000 from $3,639,000 from $3,549,000 in 20152016 representing 37.2%32.8% and 33.8%37.2% of total sales, respectively. This increase primarily reflects increaseda decrease in sales to ana number of existing customer in this market.defense customers partially offset by sales increases to two large defense customers.

 

Sales in the process control and metrology market decreasedincreased to $4,254,000 in 2017 from $3,436,000 in 2016, from $4,011,000 in 2015, a decrease of $575,000up $818,000 or 14.4%23.8%. These sales represented 35.2%43.1% and 38.3%35.2%, of total sales, respectively. The decreaseincrease in 20162017 is mainly the result of lowerhigher demand from one large OEM customer in the semi-conductor business.business partially offset by a decrease in sales to other customers in this market.

 

The Company serves as an OEM supplier of standard and custom optical components and laser accessories within the non-military laser industry. Sales to this and related markets were $1,139,000 in 2017 and $1,573,000 in 2016 and $2,018,000 in 2015.2016. Overall, sales of laser devices and related products represented 16.1%11.6% of total sales in 2016,2017, a decrease from 19.2%16.1% in 2015.2016. Sales to one large customer decreased by approximately $409,000$434,000 primarily as a result of lower demand duringshipments to a customer who manufactures laser components and sub-systems and the completion of one U.S. government contract in the prior year which was partially offset by increased shipments under another U.S. government contract this year.

 

Sales to customers within the university and national laboratories market increased in 2017 to $1,231,000 from $1,119,000 in 2016, to $1,119,000 from $914,000 in 2015, up 22.4%10%, mainly due to an increase in orders from one national laboratory customer who received government funding for a program that utilized our products.and one university customer. As a percentage of total sales, this market represented 11.5%12.5% and 8.7%11.5% of total sales in 20162017 and 2015,2016, respectively.

 

Bookings

 

The Company booked new orders totaling approximately $10.1 million in 2017, a decrease of $0.7 million or 6.3% from $10.8 million in 2016, an increase of $1.3 million or 13.7% from $9.5 million in 2015, as thea result of an increase in orders for the Company’s custom opticscrystal and metaldevices and custom optics product lines offset by a decrease in orders for the Company’s crystals and devicesmetal optics product line.

 

The Company’s backlog as of December 31, 20162017 was $6.3$6.5 million compared to $5.2$6.3 million as of December 31, 2015.2016.

 

Cost of Goods Sold and Gross Profit Margin

 

Cost of goods sold as a percentage of sales was 80.5% compared to 80.0% and 78.7% for the years ended December 31, 20162017 and 2015,2016, respectively. In 2016,2017, cost of goods sold was $7,812,000$7,937,000 compared to cost of goods sold of $8,258,000$7,812,000 in 2015.2016 an increase of approximately $125,000.

 

The decreaseincrease in cost of goods sold in 20162017 was mainly attributable to several factors. Material costs decreased by approximately 13.5% comparedsales mix changes, primarily related to a sales decreaseone customer, which had the effect of 6.9%. In addition, wage and salary expenses and variable overhead costs decreased primarily due to lower sales. However, the overall decrease in theincreasing material cost of goods sold was not proportional to the sales decrease, which resulted in an increase in the cost of goods sold as a percentage of salessales. Material costs increased by approximately $245,000 or 14.6%. This was offset by cost reductions in 2016 from 2015.other expenses including salaries and wages, manufacturing expenses and depreciation expense.

 

Selling, General and Administrative Expenses

 

Selling, general and administrative expenses (“SG&A”) were $2,417,000 in 2017 compared to $2,451,000 in 2016, compared to $2,543,000 in 2015, a decrease of $92,000$34,000 or 3.6%1.4%. The decrease partially reflects reductions in SG&A salaries, wages and associated benefits of approximately $140,000$79,000 due to a decreasethe timing of personnel changes in the number of employees from 20152017 compared to 2016. This was partially offset by increased sales and marketing expenses for outside services which were relatedprimarily due to certain administrative functions which the Company decidedincreased activity in trade shows in 2017 compared to outsource in 2016.

 

As a percentage of sales, SG&A was 25.1%24.5% of sales in 20162017 compared to 24.2%25.1% in 2015,2016, primarily due to lower sales in 2016.

 

Operating (Loss)

 

The Company had an operating loss of $494,000 in 2017, compared to $496,000 in 2016, compared to $308,000 in 2015.2016.

13

 

Other Income and Expenses

 

Net interest expense of $161,000 in 2017 decreased from $168,000 in 2016 decreased from $176,000 in 2015 as the Company continuescontinued to make payments to reduce its long-term notes payable.

 

The Company recorded a gain of $59,000 in 2016 as part of a transaction which included the sale of precious metals. In 2015,2017, the Company sold surplus equipment and recorded a gain of $5,500.

Income Taxes$24,000.

 

In addition, the Company recorded a loss of $52,000 as part of a transaction which included the exchange of precious metals. In 2016, the Company recorded a gain of $59,000 as part of a transaction which included the exchange of precious metals.

Income Taxes

In 2017 and 2015,2016, the Company did not record a current provision for either state tax or federal alternative minimum tax due to the losses incurred for both income tax and financial reporting purposes.

 

13

Net (Loss)

 

In 2016,2017, the Company recorded a net loss of $605,000$683,000 compared to a net loss of $479,000$605,000 in 2015. The increase2016. In 2017, the Company recorded a loss on exchange of precious metals of $52,000 compared to a gain on exchange of precious metals in the netprior year mainly due to the impact of market price changes for the related precious metals over the comparable periods. The loss was mainlyon the resultexchange of the lower sales levels which resultedprecious metals in lower margins related to fixed manufacturing costs. Lower sales and margins were partially2017 was offset by lower selling, general and administrative expenses compared to 2015.a gain on the sale of fully-depreciated surplus fixed assets in the amount of $24,000.

 

Liquidity and Capital Resources

 

The Company’s primary source of liquidity is cash and cash equivalents and on-going collection of our accounts receivable. The Company’s major uses of cash in the past three years have been for operating expenses, capital expenditures and for repayment and servicing of outstanding debt and accrued interest.

 

As of December 31, 20162017 and December 31, 2015,2016, cash and cash equivalents were $973,000$800,000 and $674,000,$973,000, respectively.

 

On June 9, 2016 the maturity dates of a $1,500,000 Subordinated Convertible Promissory Note to Clarex Limited (“Clarex”) and a $1,000,000 Subordinated Convertible Promissory Note to an affiliate of Clarex were each extended to April 1, 2019 from April 1, 2017. The notes bear interest at 6%. Interest accrues yearly and is payable on maturity. Unpaid interest, along with principal, may be converted into securities of the Company as follows: the notes are convertible in the aggregate into 1,500,000 units and 1,000,000 units, respectively, with each unit consisting of one share of common stock and one warrant. Each warrant allows the holder to acquire 0.75 shares of common stock at a price of $1.35 per share. As part of the agreement to extend the maturity date of the notes, the expiration dates of the warrants were extended from April 1, 2020 to April 1, 2022.

 

The Company paid $75,000$112,500 and $150,000$112,500 for interest on the subordinated convertible promissory notes in 20162017 and 2015,2016, respectively. Accrued interest of $75,000$112,500 and $37,500$75,000 is included in Accounts payable and accrued liabilities as of December 31, 20162017 and 2015,2016, respectively.

 

TheIn total, the Company paid $125,000 of interest in 2017 and $132,000 of interest in 2016 and $177,000 of interest in 2015 on its outstanding debt.debt, including interest paid on the subordinated convertible promissory notes.

 

In 2016,2017, the Company had capital expenditures of $114,000.$119,000. In 2015,2016, capital expenditures were $30,000.$114,000. In addition, the Company purchased a patent license in 2016 for $30,000 compared to $0 in 2017.

 

ForThe Company had a net decrease in cash of $173,000 for the yeartwelve months ended December 31, 2016, net cash provided by operating activities was $615,000 compared to net cash used by operating activities of $141,000 for 2015, with the result that cash increased by $300,000 in 20162017 compared to a decreasenet increase in cash of $330,000 in 2015.$300,000 for the twelve months ended December 31, 2016.

 

Cash flows pertaining to our source and use of cash are presented below (in thousands):

 

 Years ended December 31,  Years ended December 31, 
 2016  2015  2017  2016 
          
Net cash provided by (used in) operations $615  $(141) $30  $615 
        
Capital Expenditures & purchase of precious metals  (114)  (30)  (121)  (114)
        
Proceeds on sale or disposal of plant and equipment     5   24    
        
Purchase of patent license  (30)        (30)
        
Principal payments on debt obligations  (171)  (163)  (108)  (171)

14

 

Overview of Financial Condition

 

The Company recorded a net loss of $605,000$683,000 for the twelve months ended December 31, 2017 compared to a net loss of $479,000$605,000 in 2015.the same period last year. The Company’s cash and cash equivalents increaseddecreased to $800,000 at December 31, 2017 compared to $973,000 at December 31, 2016 compared to $674,000 at December 31, 2015 as operating activities provided $615,000 in cash during the year.2016.

 

The Company’s management expects that future cash flows from operations and its existing cash reserves will provide adequate liquidity for the Company’s operations and working capital requirements through at least March 31, 2018.2019.

 

Contractual Obligations

 

The following table describes our contractual obligations as of December 31, 20162017 (in thousands).

 

Contractual Obligations Total  Less than
1 Year
  1-3 Years  4-5
Years
  Greater
Than 5
Years
 
                
Convertible notes payable, including interest $2,838  $150  $2,688  $  $ 
Notes payable-other, including interest  486   121   69   46   250 
Total contractual cash obligations $3,324  $271  $2,757  $46  $250 

14

Contractual Obligations Total  Less than
1 Year
  1-3 Years  4-5
Years
  Greater
Than 5
Years
 
                
Convertible notes payable, including interest $2,688  $150  $2,538  $  $ 
Notes payable-other, including interest  365   23   69   46   227 
Total contractual cash obligations $3,053  $173  $2,607  $46  $227 

 

Off-Balance Sheet Arrangements

 

The Company did not have any off-balance sheet arrangements at December 31, 20162017 and 2015.2016.

 

Item 7A.Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures about Market Risk

 

N/A

 

Item 8.Financial Statements and Supplementary Data

 

The financial statements and supplementary financial information required to be filed under this Item are presented commencing on page 2223 of the Annual Report on Form 10-K, and are incorporated herein by reference.

 

Item 9.Changes In and Disagreements with Accountants on Accounting and Financial Disclosure

 

None

Item 9A.Controls and Procedures

 

a)Evaluation of Disclosure Controls and ProceduresNone

a)Evaluation of Disclosure Controls and Procedures

 

The Company’s management, including the Chief Executive Officer and the Chief Financial Officer, has evaluated the effectiveness of the design and operation of the Company’s disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e)) as of the end of the period covered by this Annual Report on Form 10-K. Based upon that evaluation, the Company’s Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer have concluded that the disclosure controls and procedures as of December 31, 20162017 are effective to ensure that information required to be disclosed in the reports the Company files or submits under the Exchange Act is recorded, processed, summarized and reported within the time periods specified in the SEC’s rules and forms and that such information is accumulated and communicated to the Company's management, including the Chief Executive Officer and the Chief Financial Officer, to allow timely decisions regarding disclosure.

 

b)Management’s Annual Report on Internal Control over Financial Reporting

b)Management’s Annual Report on Internal Control over Financial Reporting

 

Our management is responsible for establishing and maintaining an adequate system of internal control over financial reporting. Our internal control over financial reporting includes those policies and procedures that:

·pertain to the maintenance of records that, in reasonable detail, accurately and fairly reflect the transactions and dispositions of our assets;

·provide reasonable assurance that transactions are recorded as necessary to permit preparation of our financial statements in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles in the United States, and that our receipts and expenditures are being made only in accordance with authorizations of our management and directors; and

·provide reasonable assurance regarding prevention or timely detection of unauthorized acquisition, use or disposition of our assets that could have a material effect on the financial statements.

15

 

Due to its inherent limitations, internal control over financial reporting may not prevent or detect misstatements. Projections of any evaluation of effectiveness to future periods are subject to the risk that controls may become inadequate because of changes in conditions, or that the degree of compliance with the policies or procedures may deteriorate. All internal control systems, no matter how well designed, have inherent limitations. Therefore, even those systems determined to be effective can provide only reasonable assurance with respect to financial statement preparation and presentation. Because of the inherent limitations of internal control, there is a risk that material misstatements may not be prevented or detected on a timely basis by internal control over financial reporting. However, these inherent limitations are known features of the financial reporting process. Therefore, it is possible to design into the process safeguards to reduce, though not eliminate, this risk.

 

Our managementManagement assessed the effectiveness of ourthe Company’s system of internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2016.2017. In making this assessment, management used the framework in Internal Control — Integrated Framework (2013) issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission (“COSO”). Based on our assessment and the criteria set forth by COSO, management has concluded that the Company maintained effective internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2016.2017.

 

c)Changes in Internal Control over Financial Reporting

c)Changes in Internal Control over Financial Reporting

 

There have been no changes in the Company’s internal control over financial reporting identified in connection with the evaluation that occurred during the Company’s last fiscal quarter that have materially affected, or that are reasonably likely to materially affect, the Company’s internal controls over financial reporting.

 

Item 9BOther Information

 

None

 1516 

 

 

PART III

 

Item 10.

Directors, Executive Officers and Corporate Governance

 

The information required under this item is incorporated by reference to the Company’s Proxy Statement for the 20172018 Annual Meeting of Stockholders which we anticipate will be filed within 120 days after our fiscal year ended December 31, 2016.2017.

 

Item 11.Executive Compensation

 

The information required under this item is incorporated by reference to the Company’s Proxy Statement for the 20172018 Annual Meeting of Stockholders which we anticipate will be filed within 120 days after our fiscal year ended December 31, 2016.2017.

 

Item 12.

Security Ownership of Certain Beneficial Owners and Management and Related Stockholder Matters

 

The information required under this item is incorporated by reference to the Company’s Proxy Statement for the 20172018 Annual Meeting of Stockholders which we anticipate will be filed within 120 days after our fiscal year ended December 31, 2016.2017.

 

Item 13.Certain Relationships and Related Transactions, and Director Independence

 

The information required under this item is incorporated by reference to the Company’s Proxy Statement for the 20172018 Annual Meeting of Stockholders which we anticipate will be filed within 120 days after our fiscal year ended December 31, 2016.2017.

 

Item 14.Principal Accountant Fees and Services

 

The information required under this item is incorporated by reference to the Company’s Proxy Statement for the 20172018 Annual Meeting of Stockholders which we anticipate will be filed within 120 days after our fiscal year ended December 31, 2016.2017.

 

 1617 

 

 

PART IV

 

Item 15.Exhibits and Financial Statement Schedules

 

(a) (1)Financial Statements.

 

Reference is made to the Index to Financial Statements and Financial Statement Schedule commencing on Page 20

 

(a) (2)Financial Statement Schedule.

 

Reference is made to the Index to Financial Statements and Financial Statement Schedule on Page 20. All other schedules have been omitted because the required information is not present or is not present in amounts sufficient to require submission of the schedule, or because the information required is included in the Financial Statements or Notes thereto.

 

(a) (3)Exhibits.

 

Exhibit No. Description of Exhibit
   
3.1 Restated Certificate of Incorporation of Photonics Products Group, Inc. (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 3.1 to the Company’s Registration Statement on Form S-1 filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on August 25, 2004)
3.2 By-Laws of Photonic Products Group, Inc. (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 3.2 to the Company’s Registration Statement on Form S-1 filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on August 25, 2004)
3.3 Certificate of Amendment to Restated Certificate of Incorporation of Photonics Products Group, Inc., dated June 2, 2010 (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 3.1 to the Company's Current Report on Form 8-K filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on June 7, 2010).
3.4 Certificate of Amendment to Restated Certificate of Incorporation of Photonics Products Group, Inc., dated January 23, 2012 (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 3.1 to the Company's Current Report on Form 8-K filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on January 23, 2012).
4.1 Specimen Common Stock Certificate (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.1 to the Company’s Registration Statement on Form S-1 filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on August 25, 2004)
4.2 Subordinated Convertible Promissory Note dated July 25, 2014 held by Clarex, Ltd. (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.4 to the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on April 13, 2015)
4.3 Subordinated Convertible Promissory Note dated July 25, 2014 held by Welland, Ltd. (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.5 to the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on April 13, 2015)
10.1 2000 Equity Compensation Program (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 to the Company’s Registration Statement on Form S-1 filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on August 25, 2004)
10.2 2010 Equity Compensation Program (incorporated by reference to Exhibit B to the Company’s Proxy Statement for the 2010 Meeting of Stockholders filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on April 30, 2010)
10.3 Proposal to Renew and Extend Lease dated June 1, 2015 between Inrad Optics, Inc. (“Tenant”) and S & R Costa Realty, LLP (“Landlord”) (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.3 to the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on March 30, 2016)
14.1 Code of Ethics (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 14.1 to the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on March 31, 2006)
21.1 List of Subsidiaries (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 21.1 to the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on March 31, 2006)
23.1* Consent ofBaker Tilly Virchow Krause, PKF O’Connor Davies, LLP Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm
31.1*23.2* Consent of Baker Tilly Virchow Krause, LLP Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm
31.1*Certification of Chief Executive Officer pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002
31.2* Certification of Chief Financial Officer pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002
32.1** Certification of Chief Executive Officer pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002
32.2** Certification of Chief Financial Officer pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002
101.INS* XBRL Instance Document
101.SCH* XBRL Taxonomy Extension Schema Document
101.CAL* XBRL Taxonomy Extension Calculation Linkbase Document
101.DEF* XBRL Taxonomy Extension Definition Linkbase Document
101.LAB* XBRL Taxonomy Extension Label Linkbase Document
101.PRE* XBRL Taxonomy Extension Presentation Linkbase Document

  *   Filed herewith
**    **   Furnished herewith

 

18

Item 16.Form 10-K Summary.

 

Not Applicable

17

 

SIGNATURES

 

Pursuant to the requirements of Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized.

 

 INRAD OPTICS, INC.
   
 By:/s/ Amy Eskilson
  Amy Eskilson
  Chief Executive Officer
  
 Dated: March 31, 2017April 2, 2018

 

Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, this report has been signed below by the following persons on behalf of the registrant and in the capacities and on the dates indicated.

 

Signature Title Date
     
/s/ Jan M. Winston Chairman of the Board March 31, 2017April 2, 2018
Jan M. Winston of Directors  
     
/s/ Luke P. LaValle, Jr. Director March 31, 2017April 2, 2018
Luke P. LaValle, Jr.    
     
/s/ Dennis G. Romano Director March 31, 2017April 2, 2018
Dennis G. Romano    
     
/s/ N.E. Rick Strandlund Director March 31, 2017April 2, 2018
N.E. Rick Strandlund    
     
/s/ Amy Eskilson President, Chief Executive Officer March 31, 2017April 2, 2018
Amy Eskilson and Director (Principal Executive Officer)  
     
/s/ William J. Foote Chief Financial Officer, Secretary and Treasurer March 31, 2017April 2, 2018
William J. Foote 

(Principaland Director (Principal Financial and Accounting Officer)

  

 

 1819 

 

 

INRAD OPTICS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

 

INDEX TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

 

AS OF AND FOR THE YEARS ENDED DECEMBER 31, 20162017 AND 20152016

 

CONTENTS

 

 Page
  
ReportReports of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm

 20

21-22
  
Consolidated Balance Sheets as of December 31, 20162017 and 201520162123
  
Consolidated Statements of Operations for the years ended December 31, 20162017 and 201520162224
  
Consolidated Statements of Shareholders’ Equity for the years ended December 31, 20162017 and 201520162325
  
Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows for the years ended December 31, 20162017 and 201520162426
  
Notes to consolidated financial statements25-3627-38

 

 1920 

 

 

REPORT OF INDEPENDENT REGISTERED PUBLIC ACCOUNTING FIRM

To the Shareholders and Board of Directors

Inrad Optics, Inc. and Subsidiaries

Northvale, New Jersey

Opinion on the Consolidated Financial Statements

We have audited the accompanying consolidated balance sheet of Inrad Optics, Inc. and Subsidiaries (the “Company”) as of December 31, 2017, and the related consolidated statements of operations, shareholders’ equity and cash flows for the year ended December 31, 2017, and the related notes (collectively referred to as the “consolidated financial statements”). In our opinion, the consolidated financial statements present fairly, in all material respects, the financial position of the Company as of December 31, 2017, and the results of its operations and its cash flows for the year ended December 31, 2017, in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America.

Basis for Opinion

These consolidated financial statements are the responsibility of the Company’s management. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on the Company’s consolidated financial statements based on our audit. We are a public accounting firm registered with the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States) (PCAOB) and are required to be independent with respect to the Company in accordance with the U.S. federal securities laws and the applicable rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission and the PCAOB.

We conducted our audit in accordance with the standards of the PCAOB. Those standards require that we plan and perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the financial statements are free of material misstatement, whether due to error or fraud. The Company is not required to have, nor were we engaged to perform, an audit of its internal control over financial reporting. As part of our audit, we are required to obtain an understanding of internal control over financial reporting, but not for the purpose of expressing an opinion on the effectiveness of the Company’s internal control over financial reporting. Accordingly, we express no such opinion.

Our audit included performing procedures to assess the risks of material misstatement of the financial statements, whether due to error or fraud, and performing procedures that respond to those risks. Such procedures included examining, on a test basis, evidence regarding the amounts and disclosures in the consolidated financial statements. Our audit also included evaluating the accounting principles used and significant estimates made by management, as well as evaluating the overall presentation of the consolidated financial statements. We believe that our audit provide a reasonable basis for our opinion.

/s/ PKF O’Connor Davies, LLP
We have served as the Company’s auditor since 2017.

New York, New York

April 2, 2018

21

REPORT OF INDEPENDENT REGISTERED PUBLIC ACCOUNTING FIRM

 

To the Shareholders, Audit Committee and Board of Directors

Inrad Optics, Inc. and Subsidiaries

Northvale, New Jersey

 

We have audited the accompanying consolidated balance sheets of Inrad Optics, Inc. and Subsidiaries as of December 31, 2016, and 2015, and the related consolidated statements of operations, shareholders’ equity and cash flows for the yearsyear then ended. These consolidated financial statements are the responsibility of the Company's management. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on these consolidated financial statements based on our audits.audit.

 

We conducted our auditsaudit in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States). Those standards require that we plan and perform the audits to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the consolidated financial statements are free of material misstatement. The Company is not required to have, nor were we engaged to perform, an audit of its internal control over financial reporting. Our audits included consideration of its internal control over financial reporting as a basis for designing audit procedures that are appropriate in the circumstances, but not for the purpose of expressing an opinion on the effectiveness of the Company’s internal control over financial reporting. Accordingly, we express no such opinion. An audit includes examining, on a test basis, evidence supporting the amounts and disclosures in the consolidated financial statements. An audit also includes assessing the accounting principles used and significant estimates made by management as well as evaluating the overall consolidated financial statement presentation. We believe that our audits provide a reasonable basis for our opinion.

 

In our opinion, the consolidated financial statements referred to above present fairly, in all material respects, the financial position of Inrad Optics, Inc. and Subsidiaries as of December 31, 2016 and 2015 and the results of their operations and cash flows for the yearsyear then ended, in conformity with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles.

 

/s/ Baker Tilly Virchow Krause, LLP

/s/ Baker Tilly Virchow Krause, LLP

 

New York, New York

March 31, 2017

20

INRAD OPTICS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS

  December 31, 
  2016  2015 
Assets        
Current Assets:        
Cash and cash equivalents $973,333  $673,685 
Accounts receivable (net of allowance for doubtful accounts of $15,000 in 2016 and 2015)  1,204,908   1,345,197 
Inventories, net  2,739,864   2,995,365 
Other current assets  143,970   143,293 
Total Current Assets  5,062,075   5,157,540 
Plant and Equipment:        
Plant and equipment at cost  14,607,155   14,493,611 
Less: Accumulated depreciation and amortization  (13,729,985)  (13,364,216)
Total plant and equipment  877,170   1,129,395 
Precious Metals  613,647   553,925 
Intangible Assets, net of accumulated amortization  151,402   201,633 
Other Assets  30,338   32,496 
Total Assets $6,734,632  $7,074,989 
         
Liabilities and Shareholders’ Equity        
Current Liabilities:        
Current portion of long-term notes payable -other $107,801  $170,500 
Accounts payable and accrued liabilities  1,074,671   1,035,487 
Customer advances  599,340   368,068 
Total Current Liabilities  1,781,812   1,574,055 
         
Related Party Convertible Notes Payable  2,500,000   2,500,000 
         
Long-Term Notes Payable -other, net of current portion  270,722   378,906 
Total Liabilities  4,552,534   4,452,961 
         
Commitments        
         
Shareholders’ Equity:        
Common stock: $.01 par value; 60,000,000 authorized shares 13,156,544 issued at December 31, 2016 and 12,737,808 issued at December 31, 2015  131,567   127,380 
Capital in excess of par value  18,699,852   18,538,884 
Accumulated deficit  (16,634,371)  (16,029,286)
   2,197,048   2,636,978 
         
Less - Common stock in treasury, at cost (4,600 shares)  (14,950)  (14,950)
Total Shareholders’ Equity  2,182,098   2,622,028 
Total Liabilities and Shareholders’ Equity $6,734,632  $7,074,989 

See notes to consolidated financial statements

21

INRAD OPTICS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS

  Years Ended December 31, 
  2016  2015 
Revenues        
Net sales $9,766,525  $10,492,229 
         
Cost and expenses        
Cost of goods sold  7,812,248   8,257,634 
Selling, general and administrative expense  2,450,706   2,543,072 
   10,262,954   10,800,706 
         
Operating (loss)  (496,429)  (308,477)
         
Other income (expense), net        
Interest expense, net  (167,635)  (175,958)
Gain on exchange of precious metals  58,979     
Gain on sale or disposal of plant and equipment     5,500 
   (108,656)  (170,458)
         
(Loss) before income taxes  (605,085)  (478,935)
         
Income tax provision      
         
Net (loss) $(605,085) $(478,935)
         
Net (loss) per share – basic $(0.05) $(0.04)
         
Net (loss) per share – diluted $(0.05) $(0.04)
         
Weighted average shares outstanding – basic  12,926,471   12,570,867 
         
Weighted average shares outstanding – diluted  12,926,471   12,570,867 

See notes to consolidated financial statements

 

 22 

 

 

INRAD OPTICS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

 

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF SHAREHOLDERS’ EQUITYBALANCE SHEETS

 

        Capital in        Total 
  Common Stock  excess of  Accumulated  Treasury  Shareholders’ 
  Shares  Amount  par value  Deficit  Stock  Equity 
                   
Balance, January 1, 2015  12,354,093  $123,543  $18,437,405  $(15,550,351) $(14,950) $2,995,647 
                         
401K contribution  383,715   3,837   75,700         79,537 
                         
Stock-based compensation expense        25,779         25,779 
                         
Net loss for the year           (478,935)     (478,935)
                         
Balance, December 31, 2015  12,737,808   127,380   18,538,884   (16,029,286)  (14,950)  2,622,028 
                         
401K contribution  418,736   4,187   131,006         135,193 
                         
Stock-based compensation expense        29,962         29,962 
                         
Net loss for the year           (605,085)     (605,085)
                         
Balance, December 31, 2016  13,156,544  $131,567  $18,699,852  $(16,634,371) $(14,950) $2,182,098 
  December 31, 
  2017  2016 
Assets        
Current Assets:        
Cash and cash equivalents $799,953  $973,333 
Accounts receivable (net of allowance for doubtful accounts of $15,000 in 2017 and 2016)  1,034,398   1,204,908 
Inventories, net  3,196,001   2,739,864 
Other current assets  127,900   143,970 
Total Current Assets  5,158,252   5,062,075 
Plant and Equipment:        
Plant and equipment at cost  14,726,638   14,607,155 
Less: Accumulated depreciation and amortization  (14,013,850)  (13,729,985)
Total plant and equipment  712,788   877,170 
Precious Metals  563,760   613,647 
Intangible Assets, net of accumulated amortization  70,219   151,402 
Other Assets  37,486   30,338 
Total Assets $6,542,505  $6,734,632 
         
Liabilities and Shareholders’ Equity        
Current Liabilities:        
Current portion of long-term notes payable -other $12,486  $107,801 
Accounts payable and accrued liabilities  1,217,157   1,074,671 
Customer advances  869,677   599,340 
Total Current Liabilities  2,099,320   1,781,812 
         
Related Party Convertible Notes Payable  2,500,000   2,500,000 
         
Long-Term Notes Payable -other, net of current portion  257,738   270,722 
Total Liabilities  4,857,058   4,552,534 
         
Commitments        
         
Shareholders’ Equity:        
Common stock: $.01 par value; 60,000,000 authorized shares 13,521,200 issued at December 31, 2017 and 13,156,544 issued at December 31, 2016  135,213   131,567 
Capital in excess of par value  18,882,086   18,699,852 
Accumulated deficit  (17,316,902)  (16,634,371)
   1,700,397   2,197,048 
         
Less - Common stock in treasury, at cost (4,600 shares)  (14,950)  (14,950)
Total Shareholders’ Equity  1,685,447   2,182,098 
Total Liabilities and Shareholders’ Equity $6,542,505  $6,734,632 

 

See notes to consolidated financial statements

 

 23 

 

 

INRAD OPTICS, INCINC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

 

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWSOPERATIONS

 

  Year Ended December 31, 
  2016  2015 
Cash flows from operating activities:        
         
Net (loss) $(605,085) $(478,935)
         
Adjustments to reconcile net (loss) to net cash (used in) operating activities:        
Depreciation and amortization  445,999   548,089 
401K common stock contribution  135,193   79,537 
(Gain) on sale or disposal of plant and equipment     (5,500)
(Gain) on exchange of precious metals  (58,979)   
Stock-based compensation expense  29,962   25,779 
Change in inventory reserve  238,571   227,389 
         
Changes in operating assets and liabilities:        
Accounts receivable  140,289   (218,542)
Inventories  16,930   (536,033)
Other current assets  (677)  (717)
Other assets  2,158   2,160 
Accounts payable and accrued liabilities  1,684   (19,768)
Customer advances  231,273   197,902 
Accrued interest on Related Party Note Payable  37,500   37,500 
Total adjustments and changes  1,219,903   337,796 
Net cash provided by (used in) operating activities  614,818   (141,139)
         
Cash flows from investing activities:        
Purchase of plant and equipment  (113,544)  (30,489)
Purchase of precious metals  (743)   
Purchase of patent license  (30,000)   
Proceeds from sale of plant and equipment     5,500 
Net cash used in investing activities  (144,287)  (24,989)
         
Cash flows from financing activities:        
Principal payments of notes payable-other  (170,883)  (163,441)
Net cash used in provided by financing activities  (170,883)  (163,441)
         
Net increase (decrease) in cash and cash equivalents  299,648   (329,569)
         
Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of the year  673,685   1,003,254 
         
Cash and cash equivalents at end of the year $973,333  $673,685 
         
Supplemental Disclosure of Cash Flow Information:        
Interest paid $132,100  $177,000 
Income taxes paid $800  $2,800 
         
Non Cash Financing Activities:        
Exchange of Precious Metals $107,272  $ 
  Years Ended December 31, 
  2017  2016 
Revenues        
Net sales $9,859,201  $9,766,525 
         
Cost and expenses        
Cost of goods sold  7,936,534   7,812,248 
Selling, general and administrative expense  2,416,794   2,450,706 
   10,353,328   10,262,954 
         
Operating (loss)  (494,127)  (496,429)
         
Other income (expense), net        
Interest expense, net  (160,643)  (167,635)
(Loss) gain on exchange of precious metals  (51,761)  58,979 
Gain on sale or disposal of plant and equipment  24,000    
   (188,404)  (108,656)
         
(Loss) before income taxes  (682,531)  (605,085)
         
Income tax provision      
         
Net (loss) $(682,531) $(605,085)
         
Net (loss) per share – basic $(0.05) $(0.05)
         
Net (loss) per share – diluted $(0.05) $(0.05)
         
Weighted average shares outstanding – basic  13,357,622   12,926,471 
         
Weighted average shares outstanding – diluted  13,357,622   12,926,471 

 

See notes to consolidated financial statements

 

 24 

 

 

INRAD OPTICS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF SHAREHOLDERS’ EQUITY

        Capital in        Total 
  Common Stock  excess of  Accumulated  Treasury  Shareholders’ 
  Shares  Amount  par value  Deficit  Stock  Equity 
                   
Balance, January 1, 2016  12,737,808  $127,380  $18,538,884  $(16,029,286) $(14,950) $2,622,028 
                         
401K contribution  418,736   4,187   131,006         135,193 
                         
Stock-based compensation expense        29,962         29,962 
                         
Net loss for the year           (605,085)     (605,085)
                         
Balance, December 31, 2016  13,156,544   131,567   18,699,852   (16,634,371)  (14,950)  2,182,098 
                         
401K contribution  356,323   3,563   120,726         124,289 
                         
Common stock issued on exercise of options  8,333   83   1,980         2,063 
                         
Stock-based compensation expense        59,528         59,528 
                         
Net loss for the year           (682,531)     (682,531)
                         
Balance, December 31, 2017  13,521,200  $135,213  $18,882,086  $(17,316,902) $(14,950) $1,685,447 

See notes to consolidated financial statements

25

INRAD OPTICS, INC AND SUBSIDIARIES

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS

  Year Ended December31, 
  2017  2016 
Cash flows from operating activities:        
         
Net (loss) $(682,531) $(605,085)
         

Adjustments to reconcile net (loss) to net cash provided by operating activities:

        
Depreciation and amortization  365,048   445,999 
401K common stock contribution  124,289   135,193 
(Gain) on sale or disposal of plant and equipment  (24,000)   
Loss (gain) on exchange of precious metals  51,761   (58,979)
Stock-based compensation expense  59,528   29,962 
Change in inventory reserve  198,528   238,571 
         
Changes in operating assets and liabilities:        
Accounts receivable  170,510   140,289 
Inventories  (654,665)  16,930 
Other current assets  16,070   (677)
Other assets  (7,148)  2,158 
Accounts payable and accrued liabilities  104,986   1,684 
Customer advances  270,337   231,273 
Accrued interest on related party note payable  37,500   37,500 
Total adjustments and changes  712,744   1,219,903 
Net cash provided by operating activities  30,213   614,818 
         
Cash flows from investing activities:        
Purchase of plant and equipment  (119,483)  (113,544)
Purchase of precious metals  (1,874)  (743)
Purchase of patent license     (30,000)
Proceeds from sale of plant and equipment  24,000    
Net cash used in investing activities  (97,357)  (144,287)
         
Cash flows from financing activities:        
Proceeds from issuance of common stock  2,063    
Principal payments of notes payable-other  (108,299)  (170,883)
Net cash (used in) financing activities  (106,236)  (170,883)
         
Net increase (decrease) in cash and cash equivalents  (173,380)  299,648 
         
Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of the year  973,333   673,685 
         
Cash and cash equivalents at end of the year $799,953  $973,333 
         
Supplemental Disclosure of Cash Flow Information:        
Interest paid $124,987  $132,100 
Income taxes paid $1,050  $800 
         
Non Cash Financing Activities:        
Exchange of Precious Metals $48,757  $107,272 

See notes to consolidated financial statements

26

INRAD OPTICS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

 

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

 

TWO YEARS ENDED DECEMBER 31, 20162017

 

1.Nature of Business and Operations and Summary of Significant Accounting Policies and Estimates

 

a.Nature of Business and Operations

 

Inrad Optics, Inc. and Subsidiaries (the “Company”), formerly known as Photonic Products Group, Inc., was incorporated in the state of New Jersey and is a manufacturer of crystals, crystal devices, electro-optic and optical components, and sophisticated laser devices and instruments. The Company has administrative offices and manufacturing operations in Northvale, New Jersey.

 

The Company’s principal customers include commercial instrumentation companies and OEM laser systems manufacturers, research laboratories, government agencies, and defense contractors. The Company’s products are sold domestically using its own sales staff, and in major overseas markets, principally Europe, Israel, Japan, and Asia, using independent sales agents.

 

b.Liquidity

 

As of December 31, 2016,2017, the Company had working capital of $3,280,263$3,060,715 and cash and cash equivalents of $973,333.$799,953. Management believes based on the Company’s operations and its existing working capital resources together with existing cash flows, the Company has sufficient cash flows to fund operations through at least March 31, 2018.2019.

 

c.Principles of consolidation

 

The accompanying consolidated financial statements include the accounts of the Company and its wholly-owned subsidiaries. Upon consolidation, all inter-company accounts and transactions are eliminated.

 

d.Use of estimates

 

The preparation of financial statements in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America (“U.S. GAAP”) requires management to make certain estimates and assumptions. These estimates and assumptions affect the reported amounts in the consolidated financial statements and accompanying notes. These estimates include, but are not limited to, determining our allowance for doubtful accounts, our allowance for inventory obsolescence, the fair value and depreciable lives of long-lived tangible and intangible assets, and deferred taxes and the associated valuation allowance. Actual results could differ from these estimates.

 

e.Cash and cash equivalents

 

The Company considers cash-on-hand and highly liquid investments with original maturity dates of three months or less at the date of purchase to be cash and cash equivalents.

 

f.Accounts receivable

 

Accounts receivable are carried at net realizable value, net of write-offs and allowances. The Company establishes an allowance for doubtful accounts based on estimates as to the collectability of accounts receivable. Management specifically analyzes past-due accounts receivable balances and, additionally, considers bad debt history, customer credit-worthiness, current economic trends and changes in customer payment terms when evaluating the adequacy of the allowance for doubtful accounts. Uncollectible accounts receivable are written-off when it is determined that the balance will not be collected.

 

g.Inventories

 

Inventories are stated at the lower of cost (first-in, first-out method) or market.net-realizable value. Cost of manufactured goods includes material, labor and overhead.

27

 

The Company records a reserve for slow moving inventory as a charge against earnings for all products identified as surplus, slow moving or discontinued. Excess work-in-process costs are charged against earnings whenever estimated costs-of-completion exceed unbilled revenues.

 

25

h.Plant and Equipment

 

Plant and equipment are depreciated using the straight-line method over the estimated useful lives of the related assets which range between five and seven years. Amortization of leasehold improvements is computed using the straight-line method over the lesser of 10 years or the remaining term of the lease including optional renewal periods, as appropriate, when failure to renew the lease imposes an economic penalty on the Company in such an amount that renewal appears to be probable. In determining the amount of the economic penalty, management considers such factors as (i) the costs associated with the physical relocation of the offices, manufacturing facility and equipment, (ii) the economic risks associated with business interruption and potential customer loss during relocation and transition to new premises, (iii) the significant costs of leasehold improvements required at any new location to custom fit our specific manufacturing requirements, and (iv) the economic loss associated with abandonment of existing leasehold improvements or other assets whose value would be impaired by vacating the facility.

 

Maintenance and repairs of property and equipment are charged to operations and major improvements are capitalized. Upon retirement, sale or other disposition of property and equipment, the cost and accumulated depreciation are eliminated from the accounts and a gain or loss is recorded.

 

i.Income taxes

 

Deferred taxes are provided on the asset and liability method whereby deferred tax assets are recognized for deductible temporary differences and operating loss and tax credit carry forwards and deferred tax liabilities are recognized for taxable temporary differences. Temporary differences are the differences between the amounts of assets and liabilities recorded for income tax and financial reporting purposes. Deferred tax assets are reduced by a valuation allowance when, in the opinion of management, it is more likely than not that some portion or all of the deferred tax assets will not be realized. Deferred tax assets and liabilities are adjusted for the effects of changes in tax laws and rates on the date of enactment.

 

On December 22, 2017, the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act of 2017 (the “Tax Act”) was signed into law making significant changes to the Internal Revenue Code. Changes include, but are not limited to, a federal corporate tax rate decrease from 35% to 21% for tax years beginning after December 31, 2017, the transition of U.S international taxation from a worldwide tax system to a territorial system, and a one-time transition tax on the mandatory deemed repatriation of foreign earnings. We have estimated our provision for income taxes in accordance with the Tax Act and guidance available as of the date of this filing, and the company has maintained the full valuation allowance.

The Company recognizes the financial statement benefit of an uncertain tax position only after determining that the relevant tax authority would more likely than not sustain the position. For tax positions meeting the more likely than not threshold, the amount recognized in the financial statements is the largest benefit that has a greater than 50% likelihood of being realized upon ultimate settlement with the relevant tax authority.

 

The Company classifies interest and penalties related to income taxes as income tax expense in its Consolidated Financial Statements.

 

The Company had no unrecognized tax benefits or liabilities, and no adjustment to its financial position, results of operations, or cash flows relating to uncertain tax positions taken on all open tax years. The Company is no longer subject to federal income tax examinations by tax authorities for the years before 20132014 and state or local income tax examinations by tax authorities for the years before 2012.

2014.

 

j.Impairment of long-lived assets

 

Long-lived assets, such as plant and equipment and purchased intangibles with finite lives, which are subject to amortization, are reviewed for impairment whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying amount of an asset may not be recoverable. Recoverability of assets to be held and used is measured by a comparison of the carrying amount of an asset to estimated undiscounted future cash flows expected to be generated by the asset. If the carrying amount of an asset exceeds its estimated future cash flows, an impairment charge is recognized by the amount by which the carrying amount of the asset exceeds the fair value of the assets. Long-lived assets held for sale would be separately presented in the balance sheet and reported at the lower of the carrying amount or fair value less costs to sell and would no longer be depreciated.

 

k.Stock-based compensation

 

Stock based compensation expense is estimated at the grant date based on the fair value of the award. The Company estimates the fair value of stock options granted using the Black-Scholes option pricing model. The fair value of restricted stock units granted is estimated based on the closing market price of the Company’s common stock on the date of the grant. The fair value of these awards, adjusted for estimated forfeitures, is amortized over the requisite service period of the award, which is generally the vesting period.

 

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l.Revenue recognition

 

The Company records revenue from the sale of products and services used in the photonics industry when all four of the following criteria are met:

 

·persuasive evidence of an arrangement exists;

 

·delivery has occurred or services have been rendered;

 

·the sales price is fixed or determinable; and

 

26

·collectability is reasonably assured.

 

Losses on contracts in progress are recorded when identified.

 

m.Internal research and development costs

 

Internal research and development costs are charged to expense as incurred.

 

n.Precious metals

 

Precious metals are stated at the lower of cost or market and consist of various fixtures used in the high temperature crystal growth manufacturing process. From time to time the quoted market values of these precious metals may be below cost. Management evaluates these market adjustments on a recurring basis and if it is determined that they are other than temporary the carrying value would be adjusted.

 

o.Advertising costs

 

Advertising costs included in selling, general and administrative expenses were $7,000$11,000 and $6,400$7,000 for the years ended December 31, 20162017 and 2015,2016, respectively. Advertising costs are charged to expense when the related services are incurred or related events take place.

 

p.Concentrations and credit risk

 

The concentration of credit risk in the Company’s accounts receivable is mitigated by the Company’s credit evaluation process, familiarity with its small base of recurring customers and reasonably short collection terms and the geographical dispersion of revenue. The Company generally does not require collateral but, in some cases, the Company negotiates cash advances prior to the undertaking of the work. These cash advances are recorded as current liabilities on the balance sheet until corresponding revenues are realized.

 

The Company utilizes many relatively uncommon materials and compounds to manufacture its products and relies on outside vendors for certain manufacturing services. Therefore, any failure by its suppliers to deliver materials of an adequate quality and quantity could have an adverse effect on the Company’s ability to meet the commitments of its customers.

 

For the year ended December 31, 2017, the Company had two customers who had sales representing 14.9% and 14.4% of total revenues, respectively. In 2016, the Company had one customer who had sales representing 10.5% of total revenues. In 2015, the Company had two customers who had sales representing 10.4% and 10.3% of total revenues, respectively. Since the Company is a supplier of custom manufactured components to OEM customers, the relative size and identity of the largest customer accounts changes somewhat from year to year. In the short term, the loss of any one of these large customer accounts could have a material adverse effect on business, results of operations, and financial condition.

 

q.Fair value measurements

 

The Company follows U.S. GAAP accounting guidance which establishes a framework for measuring fair value and expanded related disclosures. The framework requires fair value to be determined based on the exchange price that would be received for an asset, or paid to transfer a liability (an exit price), in the principal or most advantageous market for the asset or liability in an orderly transaction between market participants.

 

The valuation techniques required are based upon observable and unobservable inputs. Observable inputs reflect market data obtained from independent sources, while unobservable inputs reflect the Company’s market assumptions. The accounting guidance requires the following fair value hierarchy:

 

·Level 1 - Quoted prices (unadjusted) for identical assets and liabilities in active markets that the Company has the ability to access at the measurement date.

 

29

·Level 2 - Quoted prices for similar assets and liabilities in active markets; quoted prices for identical or similar assets and liabilities in markets that are not active; and inputs other than quoted prices that are observable for the asset or liability, including interest rates, yield curves and credit risks, or inputs that are derived principally from or corroborated by observable market data through correlation.

 

·Level 3 - Values determined by models, significant inputs to which are unobservable and are primarily based on internally derived assumptions regarding the timing and amount of expected cash flows.

 

Long-lived assets, including goodwill and other intangible assets, may be measured at fair value if such assets are held for sale or if there is a determination that the asset is impaired. Managements’ determination of fair value, although highly subjective, is based on the best information available, including internal projections of future earnings and cash flows discounted at an appropriate interest rate, quoted market prices when available, market prices for similar assets, broker quotes and independent appraisals, as appropriate.

 

27

r.

Recent Accounting Pronouncements

In May 2014, the FASB issued Accounting Standards Update (“ASU”) 2014-09, “Revenue from Contracts with Customers (Topic 606)” (“ASU 2014-09”), which supersedes the revenue recognition requirements in ASC 605, “Revenue Recognition.” ASU 2014-09 (with subsequent targeted amendments) is based on the principle that revenue is recognized to depict the transfer of goods or services to customers in an amount that reflects the consideration to which the entity expects to be entitled in exchange for those goods or services. It also requires additional disclosure about the nature, amount, timing and uncertainty of revenue, cash flows arising from customer contracts, including significant judgments and changes in judgments, and assets recognized from costs incurred to obtain or fulfill a contract. ASU 2014-09 is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2017, including interim periods within that reporting period. The Company adopted the provisions of ASU 2014-09 on January 1, 2018, using the modified retrospective approach. Revenue from the Company’s product sales will continue to generally be recognized when products are shipped (i.e. point in time) and revenue from the Company’s products and service sales provided under long-term government contracts will continue to generally be recognized as the Company transfers control of the product or service to its customers (i.e. over time), which approximates the previously used percentage-of-completion method of accounting. As such, the adoption of ASU 2014-09 is not expected to have a material impact to the Company’s financial position or results of operations. The Company will present the disclosures required by this new standard beginning in our 2018 interim financial statements and will continue to evaluate the changes that will be required within its internal controls as a result of the adoption.

In January 2017, the FASB issued guidance which clarifies the definition of a business and provides revised criteria and a framework to determine whether an integrated set of assets and activities is a business. For public companies, the new guidance is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2017, including interim periods within those years. The Company adopted the new guidance on January 1, 2018 as required, with no impact on the Company’s consolidated financial statements upon adoption.

 

In August 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-15, Statement of cash flows (Topic 230) which provides guidance on the classification of certain cash receipts and payments in the statement of cash flows intended to reduce diversity in practice. The guidance is effective for interim and annual periods beginning in 2018. Early adoption is permitted. The guidance is to be applied retrospectively to all periods presented but may be applied prospectively if retrospective application would be impracticable. The Company is currently evaluatingadopted the effectnew guidance on January 1, 2018 as required. There are no significant impacts to the Company’s consolidated financial statements from the adoption of the standard on its Consolidated Statement of Cash Flows.new guidance.

 

In June 2016, the FASB issued ASU No. 2016-13, "Financial Instruments - Credit Losses: Measurement of Credit Losses on Financial Instruments" (“ASU 2016-13” which amended guidance on the accounting for credit losses on financial instruments within its scope. The guidance introduces an expected loss model for estimating credit losses, replacing the incurred loss model. The new guidance also changes the impairment model for available-for-sale debt securities, requiring the use of an allowance to record estimated credit losses (and subsequent recoveries). The new guidance is effective for interim and annual periods beginning in 2020, with earlier application permitted in 2019. The Company is currently evaluating the impact of adoption on its consolidated financial statements.

 

In May 2016, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) issued ASU No. 2016-12 “Revenue from Contracts with Customers (Topic 606), Narrow-Scope Improvements and Practical Expedients” (“ASU 2016-12”), which amends the guidance on transition, collectability, noncash consideration and the presentation of sales and other similar taxes. ASU 2016-12 clarifies that, for a contract to be considered completed at transition, all (or substantially all) of the revenue must have been recognized under legacy GAAP. In addition, ASU 2016-12 clarifies how an entity should evaluate the collectability threshold and when an entity can recognize nonrefundable consideration received as revenue if an arrangement does not meet the standard’s contract criteria. The Company is currently evaluating the impact the adoption of ASU 2016-12 will have on its consolidated financial statements

In April 2016, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) issued Accounting Standards Update (“ASU”) 2016-10, “Revenue from Contracts with Customers (Topic 606): Identifying Performance Obligations and Licensing.” The amendments clarify two aspects of Topic 606: (a) identifying performance obligations; and (b) the licensing implementation guidance. The update is effective for annual periods beginning after December 15, 2017 including interim reporting periods therein. The Company is currently evaluating the impact the adoption of ASU 2016-10 will have on its consolidated financial statements.

In March 2016, the FASB issued ASU No. 2016-09, Compensation — Stock Compensation (Topic 718): Improvements to Employee Share-Based Payment Accounting, which simplifies several aspects of the accounting for employee share-based payments, including income tax consequences, application of award forfeitures to expense, classification on the statement of cash flows, and classification of awards as either equity or liabilities. This guidance is effective for annual reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2016, and interim periods within those annual periods. The Company is currently evaluatingadoption of the guidance in ASU No. 2016-09 on January 1, 2017 did not have a material effect that this guidance will have on itsthe Company’s financial statements and related footnote disclosures.

 

In February 2016, the FASB created Topic 842 and issued ASU 2016-02, Leases. The guidance in this update supersedes Topic 840, Leases. This ASU requires lessees to recognize a right-of-use assets and a lease liability, initially measured at the present value of the lease payments on the balance sheet. For public companies, the amendments will be effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2018, including interim periods within those fiscal years. Earlier application is permitted. The Company is currently evaluating the impact of the adoption of ASU 2016-02 on its financial statements and disclosure.

 

30

In January 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-01, “Financial Instruments–Overall: Recognition and Measurement of Financial Assets and Financial Liabilities”, which changes how entities measure certain equity investments and how entities present changes in the fair value of financial liabilities measured under the fair value option that are attributable to instrument-specific credit risk. We are currently assessing the impact theThe adoption of ASU 2016-01 willis not expected to have on our consolidateda material impact to the Company’s financial statements.position or results of operations. ASU 2016-01 is effective for annual reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2017, including interim periods within those fiscal years.

In November 2015, the FASB issued ASU 2015-17, Income Taxes (Subtopic 740-10). The amendments in this update require deferred tax liabilities and assets be classified as noncurrent regardless of the classification of the underlying assets and liabilities. For public companies, the amendments will be effective for financial statements issued for annual periods beginning after December 15, 2016. Earlier application is permitted. We expect the adoption of this guidance will not have a material impact on our financial statements.

28

 

2.Inventories, net

 

Inventories are comprised of the following and are shown net of inventory reserves of approximately $2,447,000 for 2017 and $2,249,000 for 2016 and $2,010,000 for 2015:2016:

 

 December 31,  December 31, 
 2016  2015  2017  2016 
 (In thousands)  (In thousands) 
Raw materials $1,041  $1,110  $1,174  $1,041 
Work in process, including manufactured parts and components  1,115   1,224   1,462   1,115 
Finished goods  584   661   560   584 
 $2,740  $2,995  $3,196  $2,740 

 

3.Plant and Equipment

 

Plant and equipment are comprised of the following:

 

 December 31,  December 31, 
 2016  2015  2017  2016 
 (In thousands)  (In thousands) 
Office and computer equipment $1,318  $1,312  $1,333  $1,318 
Machinery and equipment  11,013   10,935   11,118   11,013 
Leasehold improvements  2,276   2,246   2,276   2,276 
  14,607   14,493   14,727   14,607 
Less accumulated depreciation and amortization  (13,730)  (13,364)  (14,014)  (13,730)
 $877  $1,129  $713  $877 

 

Depreciation expense recorded by the Company totaled approximately $284,000 and $366,000 for 2017 and $470,000 for 2016, and 2015, respectively. Plant and equipment with a net book value of $0 was disposedsold in 2017 for proceeds of in 2015.$24,000. No plant or equipment was disposed of in 2016.

 

The Company evaluates its property and equipment for impairment when events or circumstances indicate and impairment may exist. Based on this evaluation, the Company concluded that, at December 31, 2016,2017, its long-lived assets were not impaired.

 

4.Intangible Assets

 

Intangible assets include acquired intangible assets with finite lives, consisting principally of non-contractual customer relationships, completed technology, trademark and licensed patents. Intangible assets with finite lives are amortized on a straight-line basis over the assets’ estimated useful life up to 14 years.

 

Based on management’s judgement, there were no events or circumstances that would lead us to conclude that a possible impairment of intangible assets exists as of December 31, 2016.2017.

 

Amortization expense was approximately $80,000$81,000 and $79,000$80,000 for the years ended December 31, 20162017 and 2015,2016, respectively. Aggregate amortization for the five succeeding years from January1, 2017January 1, 2018 through December 31, 20212022 is expected to be approximately $134,000,$54,000, accumulating at the rate of $81,000, $45,000$46,000 for the yearsyear ended December 31, 2017 and 2018 and $2,000 for each year,of the four years, thereafter.

 

The weighted average remaining life of the Company’s intangible assets is approximately 42.3 years.

31

 

The following schedule details the Company’s intangible asset balance by major asset class.

 

  At December 31, 2016 
  Gross Carrying
Amount
  Accumulated
Amortization
  Net Carrying
Amount
 
  (In thousands) 
Customer-related $550   (495) $55 
Completed technology  363   (322)  41 
Trademarks  187   (160)  27 
Licensed Patents  30   (2)  28 
Total $1,130   (979) $151 

29

 At December 31, 2015  At December 31, 2017 
 Gross Carrying
Amount
  Accumulated
Amortization
  Net Carrying
Amount
  Gross Carrying
Amount
  Accumulated
Amortization
  Net Carrying
Amount
 
 (In thousands)  (In thousands) 
Customer-related $550  $(455) $95  $550   (535) $15 
Completed technology  363   (297)  66   363   (348)  15 
Trademarks  187   (147)  40   187   (173)  14 
Licensed Patents  30   (4)  26 
Total $1,130   (1,060) $70 
                        
 At December 31, 2016 
 Gross Carrying
Amount
  Accumulated
Amortization
  Net Carrying
Amount
 
 (In thousands) 
Customer-related $550  $(495) $55 
Completed technology  363   (322)  41 
Trademarks  187   (160)  27 
Licensed Patents  30   (2)  28 
Total $1,100  $(899) $201  $1,130  $(979) $151 

 

5.Related Party Transactions

 

On June 9, 2016 the maturity dates of a $1,500,000 Subordinated Convertible Promissory Note to Clarex Limited (“Clarex”) and a $1,000,000 Subordinated Convertible Promissory Note to an affiliate of Clarex were each extended to April 1, 2019 from April 1, 2017. The notes bear interest at 6%. Interest accrues yearly and is payable on maturity. Unpaid interest, along with principal, may be converted into securities of the Company as follows: the notes are convertible in the aggregate into 1,500,000 units and 1,000,000 units, respectively, with each unit consisting of one share of common stock and one warrant. Each warrant allows the holder to acquire 0.75 shares of common stock at a price of $1.35 per share. As part of the agreement, the expiration dates of the warrants were extended from April 1, 2020 to April 1, 2022.

 

The Company paid $75,000$112,500 and $150,000$112,500 for interest on the notes in 20162017 and 2015,2016, respectively. Accrued interest of $75,000$112,500 and $37,500$75,000 is included in Accounts payable and accrued liabilities as of December 31, 20162017 and 2015,2016, respectively.

 

6.Other Long-Term Notes

 

The Company has a term loan agreement with Valley National Bank, Wayne, NJ. The loan is payable in equal monthly installments through July 2017 and bears an interest rate of 4.35% annually. The loan is secured with a security interest in equipment.

The Company also has a note payable to the U.S. Small Business Administration which bears interest at the rate of 4.0% and is due in 2032.

Other Long-Term Notes consist of the following:

 

 December 31,  December 31, 
 2016  2015  2017  2016 
 (In thousands)  (In thousands) 
Term Note Payable, payable in equal monthly installments of $13,953 and bearing an interest rate of 4.35% and expiring in July 2017 $96  $256  $  $96 
U.S. Small Business Administration term note payable in monthly installments of $1,922 and bearing an interest rate of 4.0% and expiring in April 2032. $282  $294 
U.S. Small Business Administration term note payable in monthly installments of $1,922 and bearing an interest rate of 4.0% and expiring in May 2032. $270  $282 
  378   550   270   378 
Less current portion  (108)  (171)  (12)  (108)
Other Long-Term Notes, excluding current portion $270  $379  $258  $270 

 

Other Long-Term Notes mature as follows:

 

 (In thousands) 
Year ending December 31:     (In thousands) 
2017 $108 
2018  12  $12 
2019  13   12 
2020  13   13 
2021  13 
Thereafter  233   220 
 $378  $270 

 

 3032 

 

 

7.Accounts Payable and Accrued Liabilities

 

Accounts payable and accrued expenses are comprised of the following:

 

 December 31,  December 31, 
 2016  2015  2017  2016 
 (In thousands)  (In thousands) 
Trade accounts payable and accrued purchases $630  $599  $740  $630 
Accrued payroll  124   148   121   124 
Accrued 401K company matching contribution  129   136   143   129 
Accrued expenses – other  192   152   213   192 
 $1,075  $1,035  $1,217  $1,075 

 

8.Income Taxes

 

The Company’s income tax provision consists of the following:

 

 Years Ended December 31,  Years Ended December 31, 
 2016  2015  2017  2016 
          
Current:            
Federal $  $  $  $ 
State            
                
Deferred:                
Federal            
State            
                
Total $  $  $  $ 

 

A reconciliation of the income tax provision computed at the statutory Federal income tax rate to our effective income tax rate follows (in percent):

 

 Years Ended  Years Ended 
 December 31,  December 31, 
 2016  2015  2017  2016 
Federal statutory rate  (34.0)%  (34.0)%  (34)%  (34)%
State statutory rate  (7.0)  (7.0)  (7)  (7)
Reduction in Federal rate due to tax reform  259    
Change in Valuation Allowance  43.0   38.6   (214)  43 
Permanent Differences  (2.0)  2.5   (2)  (2)
Prior year adjustments     (0.8)
Other     0.7 
Effective income tax rate  0%  0%  0%  0%

 

At December 31, 20162017 and 2015,2016, the Company had estimated Federal net operating loss carry forwards of approximately $9,194,000$9,435,000 and $9,192,000,$9,194,000, respectively and State net operating loss carry forwards of approximately $5,977,000 and $4,969,000, and $4,745,000.respectively. These tax loss carry forwards expire at various dates through 2036.2037.

33

 

Internal Revenue Code Section 382 places a limitation on the utilization of Federal net operating loss and other credit carry forwards when an ownership change, as defined by the tax law, occurs. Generally, this occurs when a greater than 50 percentage point change in ownership occurs. Accordingly, the actual utilization of the net operating loss and carryforwards for tax purposes may be limited annually to a percentage (based on the risk free interest rate) of the fair market value of the Company at the time of any such ownership change. The Company has not prepared an analysis of ownership changes but does not believe that a greater than 50% change of ownership has occurred and such limitations would not apply to the Company.

 

31

The Tax Cuts and Jobs Act was enacted on December 22, 2017. The Tax Act eliminates alternative minimum taxes and lowers the U.S. federal corporate income tax from 34% to 21% effective January 1, 2018. The Company remeasured its net deferred tax assets using the new Federal Tax Rate and posted a one-time reduction of $1,765,000 in deferred tax assets and $1,765,000 to the valuation allowance to reflect the lower realization rate to be applied commencing in 2018.

 

Deferred tax assets (liabilities) are comprised of the following:

 

 December 31,  December 31, 
 2016  2015  2017  2016 
 (In thousands)  (In thousands) 
Account receivable reserves $6  $6  $4  $6 
Inventory reserves  944   844   685   944 
Inventory capitalization  129   134   101   129 
Depreciation  401   338   291   401 
Loss carry forwards  3,435   3,442   2,371   3,435 
Gross deferred tax assets  4,915   4,764   3,452   4,915 
Valuation allowance  (4,915)  (4,764)  (3,452)  (4,915)
Net deferred tax asset $  $  $  $ 

 

In evaluating the Company’s ability to recover deferred tax assets in future periods, management considers the available positive and negative factors, including the Company’s recent operating results, the existence of cumulative losses and near term forecasts of future taxable income that is consistent with the plans and estimates management is using to manage the underlying business. A significant piece of objective negative evidence evaluated was the cumulative loss incurred by the Company over the three-year period ended December 31, 2016.2017. Such objective evidence limits the ability to consider other subjective evidence such as our projections for future growth.

 

On the basis of this evaluation, as of December 31, 20162017 and 2015,2016, the Company concluded it was more likely than not that it would not be able to realize any portion of the benefit on the deferred tax assets and the valuation allowance was increased by $151,000$302,000 and $185,000,$151,000, respectively, to provide a full valuation against the deferred tax assets.

 

The Company files income tax returns in the United States, which typically provides for a three-year statute of limitations on assessments. The Company is no longer subject to federal, income tax examinations by tax authorities for the years before 2013 and state or local income tax examinations by tax authorities for the years before 2012.2014.

 

The guidance for accounting for uncertainties in income taxes requires that we recognize the financial statement effects of a tax position when it is more likely than not, based on the technical merits, that the position will be sustained upon examination. There were no unrecognized tax benefits that impacted our effective tax rate and accordingly, there was no material effect to our financial position, results of operations or cash flows.

 

Our policy is to recognize interest and penalties related to the underpayment of income taxes as a component of income tax expense. To date, there have been no interest or penalties charged to us in relation to the underpayment of income taxes.

 

We do not anticipate that our unrecognized tax benefits will significantly increase in the next 12 months.

 

9.Equity Compensation Program and Stock-based Compensation

 

a.2010 Equity Compensation Program

 

The Company’s 2010 Equity Compensation Program provides for grants of options, stock appreciation rights and restricted stock awards to employees, officers, directors, and others who render services to the Company. The Program is comprised of four parts including: (i) the Incentive Stock Option Plan which provides for grants of “incentive stock options”, (ii) the Supplemental Stock Option Plan which provides for grants of stock options that shall not be “incentive stock options”, (iii) the Stock Appreciation Rights Plan which allows the granting of stock appreciation rights and, (iv) the Restricted Stock Award Plan which provides for the granting of restrictive shares of Common Stock and restricted stock units. The plan is administered by the Compensation Committee of the Board of Directors. Under this plan, an aggregate of up to 4,000,000 shares of common stock may be granted.

 

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b.2000 Equity Compensation Program

 

The Company’s 2000 Equity Compensation Program expired on June 2, 2010. All outstanding grants of options, stock appreciation rights and performance shares issued under the Program will remain outstanding and shall expire on the date determined by the terms of the original grant. The latest date of expiration for outstanding grants under the plan is March 28, 2020.

 

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c.Stock Option Expense

 

The Company's results for the years ended December 31, 20162017 and 20152016 include stock-based compensation expense for stock option grants totaling $30,000$60,000 and $26,000,$30,000, respectively. Such amounts have been included in the Consolidated Statements of Operations within cost of goods sold ($7,00017,000 for 20162017 and $5,000$7,000 for 2015)2016), and selling, general and administrative expenses ($23,00043,000 for 20162017 and $21,000$23,000 for 2015)2016).

 

As of December 31, 20162017 and 2015,2016, there were $49,000$89,000 and $26,000$49,000 of unrecognized compensation costs, net of estimated forfeitures, related to non-vested stock options, which are expected to be recognized over a weighted average period of approximately 1.51.4 years and 0.91.5 years, respectively.

 

The weighted average estimated fair value of stock options granted in the two years ended December 31, 2017 and 2016 was $0.56 and 2015 was $0.34, and $0.19, respectively. The Company uses the Black-Scholes option pricing model to calculate the grant-date fair value of an option award. The Company assumes a dividend yield of zero, as the Company has not paid dividends in the past and does not expect to in the foreseeable future. The expected volatility is based upon the historical volatility of our common stock which the Company believes results in the best estimate of the grant-date fair value of employee stock options because it reflects the market’s current expectations of future volatility. The risk-free rate is based on the U.S. Treasury yield curve in effect at the time of the grant with maturity dates approximately equal to the expected life at the grant date. The expected life is based upon the period of expected benefit based on the Company’s evaluation of historical and expected future employee exercise behavior.

 

The following range of weighted-average assumptions were used for to determine the fair value of stock option grants during the years ended December 31, 20162017 and 2015:2016:

 

 Years Ended  Years Ended 
 December 31,  December 31, 
 2016  2015  2017  2016 
Dividend yield  %  %  %  %
Volatility  128%  122-127 %   133 - 134%  128%
Risk-free interest rate  2.1%  2.0%  2.2 - 2.3%  2.1%
Expected life  10 years   10 years   10 years   10 years 

 

d.Stock Option Activity

 

A summary of the Company’s outstanding stock options as of and for the years ended December 31, 20162017 and 20152016 is presented below:

 

        Weighted    
        Average    
     Weighted  Remaining    
     Average  Contractual  Aggregate 
     Exercise  Term  Intrinsic 
  Options  Price  (In Years)  Value(a) 
Outstanding as of January 1, 2015  877,817  $.93         
Granted  133,000   .20         
Exercised              
Forfeited /Expired  (311,213) $1.10         
Outstanding as of December 31, 2015(b)  699,604  $.71   4.9   32,230 
Granted  163,500   .35         
Exercised              
Forfeited /Expired  (102,890)  .92         
Outstanding as of December 31, 2016b)  760,214  $.60   4.8   109,168 
                 
Exercisable as of December 31, 2016  488,047  $.76   4.1   29,660 

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        Weighted    
        Average    
     Weighted  Remaining    
     Average  Contractual  Aggregate 
     Exercise  Term  Intrinsic 
  Options  Price  (In Years)  Value(a) 
Outstanding as of January 1, 2016  699,604  $.71         
Granted  163,500   .35         
Exercised              
Forfeited /Expired  (102,890) $.92         
Outstanding as of December 31, 2016(b)  760,214  $.60   4.8   109,168 
Granted  180,000   .58         
Exercised  (8,333)  .25         
Forfeited /Expired  (28,873)  1.09         
Outstanding as of December 31, 2017b)  903,008  $.58   5.2   648,410 
                 
Exercisable as of December 31, 2017  572,513  $.65   3.7   288,789 

 

(a) Intrinsic value for purposes of this table represents the amount by which the fair value of the underlying stock, based on the respective market prices as of December 31, 20152017 exceeds the exercise prices of the respective options. All of the options used in the calculation of the aggregate intrinsic value for outstanding options are exercisable as of December 31, 2015.2017.

 

(b) Based on the Company’s historical forfeiture rate, the number of options expected to vest is the same as the total outstanding at December 31, 2016.2017.

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The following table represents non-vested stock options granted, vested, and forfeited for the year ended December 31, 2016.2017.

 

Non-vested Options Options Weighted-Average Grant-Date
Fair Value - $
  Options  Weighted-Average Grant-
Date Fair Value - $
 
Non-vested - January 1, 2016  206,662   .21 
Non-vested - January 1, 2017  272,167   .28 
Granted  163,500   .34   180,000   .56 
Vested  (90,329)  .23   (121,672)  .27 
Forfeited  (7,666)  .20       
Non-vested – December 31, 2016  272,167   .28 
Non-vested – December 31, 2017  330,495   .44 

 

The total weighted average grant date fair value of options vested during the years ended December 31, 2017 and 2016, was $34,000 and 2015, was $21,000, and $17,000, respectively.

 

The following table summarizes information about stock options outstanding at December 31, 2016:2017:

 

 Options Outstanding  Options Exercisable  Options Outstanding  Options Exercisable 
    Weighted            Weighted        
    Average Weighted     Weighted     Average Weighted     Weighted 
    Remaining Average     Average     Remaining Average     Average 
Range of Number Contractual Exercise Number Exercise  Number Contractual Exercise Number Exercise 
Exercise Price Outstanding  Life in Years  Price  Outstanding  Price  Outstanding  Life in Years  Price  Outstanding  Price 
$0.19 - $0.35  425,167   7.7  $.29   153,000  $.27 
$0.18 - $0.35  411,667   7.1  $.29   261,172  $.28 
$0.50 - $1.00  306,602   4.2  $.93   306.602  $.93   476,400   4.8  $.80   296,400  $.93 
$1.50 - $1.75  28,447   1.2  $1.63   28,847  $1.63   14,941   1.1  $1.75   14,941  $1.75 

 

10.Net (Loss) per Share

 

Basic income (loss) per common share is computed by dividing net income (loss) by the weighted average number of common shares outstanding. Diluted income (loss) per common share is computed by dividing net income (loss) by the weighted average number of common shares and common stock equivalents outstanding, calculated on the treasury stock method for options, stock grants and warrants using the average market prices during the period, including potential common shares issuable upon conversion of outstanding convertible notes, except if the effect on the per share amounts is anti-dilutive.

 

For the year ended December 31, 2016,2017, a total of 2,500,000 anti-dilutive common shares issuable upon conversion of outstanding convertible notes and 1,875,000 common shares underlying warrants issuable upon conversion of outstanding related party convertible notes have been excluded from the diluted computation of net loss per share because their effect is anti-dilutive. In addition, 760,214903,008 common stock equivalents related to outstanding options have been excluded from the diluted computation because their effect is anti-dilutive.

 

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For the year ended December 31, 2015,2016, all common equivalent shares outstanding have been excluded from the diluted computation because their effect is anti-dilutive.Thisanti-dilutive. This included 699,604760,214 common stock equivalents related to outstanding options, and grants, in addition to 2,500,000 common shares and 1,875,000 common shares underlying warrants issuable upon conversion of outstanding related party convertible notes which were anti-dilutive.notes.

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11.Commitments

 

a.Lease commitments

 

The Company occupies approximately 42,000 square feet of space located at 181 Legrand Avenue, Northvale, New Jersey pursuant to a net lease. Under the terms of the lease, the Company is obligated for all real estate taxes, maintenance and operating costs of the facility. The lease hasfor the Northvale facility was renewed for a term of two year termyears from June 1, 2015 to May 31, 2017 along with options to renew the Northvale lease for two additional one year terms running through May 31, 2019, at substantially the same terms. In 2017, the Company exercised its option to renew the Northvale lease for an additional one year term running through May 31, 2018. The Company is currently negotiatingintends to exercise these optionsthe option to renew the lease for a one-year term through May 31, 2019, prior to the end of the current lease term.

 

The Company’s total rent paymentsexpense for the year ended December 31, 2017 and 2016 was $283,000 and 2015 were $284,000, and $279,000, respectively.

Future minimum annual rentals which cover the remaining lease terms, excluding uncommitted option renewal periods at December 31, 2016 are as follows:

Year ending December 31, Operating
Leases
 
     
2017 $117,942 
2018 and thereafter   
  $117,942 

 

The Company also paid real estate taxes and insurance premiums under the terms of the lease that totaled approximately $89,000$91,000 in 20162017 and $89,000 in 2015.2016.

Future minimum annual rentals which cover the remaining lease terms, excluding uncommitted option renewal periods at December 31, 2017, total $117,942.

 

b.Retirement plans

 

The Company maintains a 401(k) savings plan (the “Plan”) for all eligible employees (as defined in the plan). The 401(k) plan allows employees to contribute up to 70% of their compensation on a salary reduction, pre-tax basis up to the statutory limitation. The 401(k) plan also provides that the Company, at the discretion of the Board of Directors, may match employee contributions based on a pre-determined formula.

 

In 2017, the Company’s 401(k) matching contribution for employees was $123,706. This will be funded by way of a contribution of 148,381 shares of the Company’s common stock, which will be issued to the Plan in April, 2018. In 2016, the Company’s 401(k) matching contribution for employees was $124,289. This will bewas funded by way of a contribution of 356,323 shares of the Company’s common stock, which will bewere issued to the Plan in April 2017. In 2015, the Company’s 401(k) matching contribution for employees was $135,196. This was funded by way of a contribution of 466,181 shares of the Company’s common stock, which were issued to the Plan in April 2016. The Company records the distribution of the common shares in the Consolidated Statement of Shareholders’ Equity as of the date of distribution to the 401(k) plan administrator.

 

12.Product Sales, Foreign Sales and Sales to Major Customers

 

The Company’s export sales, which are primarily to customers in countries within Europe, Israel, Asia and Japan, amounted to approximately 23.1%32.5% and 25.2%23.1% of product sales in 20162017 and 2015,2016, respectively.

 

The Company had sales to three major customers which accounted for approximately 25.7%34.6% of sales in 2016.2017. One customer, a division of a major U.S. defense industry corporation that manufactures electro-optical systems for U.S. and foreign governments accounted for 10.5%14.8% of 20162017 sales. The two other customers were foreign- based manufacturersincluded one foreign-based and one domestic-based manufacturer of process control and metrology equipment whose sales represented 8.8%14.3% and 6.4%5.6% of sales, respectively. The same three customers represented 10.3%10.5%, 8.3%1.6% and 6.7%3.5%, of sales in 2015,2016, respectively.

 

During the past two years, sales to the Company’s top five customers represented approximately 37.8%45.1%, and 42.64%37.8% of sales, respectively. Given the concentration of sales within a small number of customers, the loss of any of these customers would have a significant negative impact on the Company and its business units.

 

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13.Shareholders’ Equity

 

a.Common shares reserved at December 31, 2016,2017, are as follows:

 

2010 Equity compensation plan  4,000,000 
2000 Equity compensation plan  112,54795,641 
Subordinated convertible notes  2,500,000 
Warrants issuable on conversion of Subordinated convertible notes  1,875,000 
   8,487,5478,470,641 

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b.Warrants

 

The Company had no outstanding warrants as of December 31, 20162017 and 2015.2016.

 

14.Fair Value of Financial Instruments

 

The methods and assumptions used to estimate the fair value of the following classes of financial instruments were:

 

Current Assets and Current Liabilities: The carrying amount of cash, current receivables and payables and certain other short-term financial instruments approximate their fair value as of December 31, 20162017 due to their short-term maturities.

 

Long-Term Debt: The fair value of the Company’s long-term debt, including the current portion, for notes payable and subordinated convertible debentures, was estimated using a discounted cash flow analysis, based on the Company’s assumed incremental borrowing rates for similar types of borrowing arrangements. The fair value of long-term debt is estimated to be $2,645,000 compared to its carrying amount of debt at$2,770,000 as of December 31, 2016 in the amount of $2,879,000 approximates fair value.2017.

 

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