UNITED STATES

SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION

Washington, D.C. 20549

 


 

FORM 10-K

 


 

(Mark One)

x

ANNUAL REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE

SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

For the fiscal year ended January 31, 2004

For the fiscal year ended January 31, 2005

OR

OR¨

¨

TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE

SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

 

For the transition period from                    to                    

 

Commission file numberFile Number 0-5449

 


 

COMARCO, INC.

(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)

 


 

California 95-2088894

(State or Other Jurisdiction

of Incorporation or Organization)

 

(I.R.S. Employer

Identification No.)

2 Cromwell, Irvine, CA 92618
(Address of principal executive offices) (Zip Code)

 

2 Cromwell, Irvine, California 92618

(Address of Principal Executive Offices) (Zip Code)


 

Registrant’s Telephone Number, Including Area Code:telephone number, including area code: (949) 599-7400

 

Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act: None

 

Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(g) of the Act:

Common Stock

(Title of Class)


 

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant:Registrant: (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrantRegistrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days.  Yesþx  No¨

 

Indicate by a check mark if disclosure of delinquent filers pursuant to Item 405 of Regulation S-K is not contained herein, and will not be contained, to the best of registrant’sRegistrant’s knowledge, in definitive proxy or information statements incorporated by reference in Part III of this Form 10-K or any amendment to this Form 10-K.x¨

 

Indicate by a check mark whether the registrantRegistrant is an accelerated filer (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act).  Yes¨  Noþx

 

Common Stock outstanding at April 22, 2004 — 7,284,374 shares.

Class


  Aggregate market value of
Shares Held by Non-Affiliates


Common Stock

  $55,503,031

The total numberAs of shares held by non-affiliates on the last business day of the most recently completed second fiscal quarter (July 31, 2003) was 7,002,526. This number was multiplied by $7.93 per share (the closing sale price of the Common Stock on July 31, 2003 in the NASDAQ National Market System, as reported by NASDAQ) to determine30, 2005, the aggregate market value of non-affiliate shares set forth above. (The assumption is made, solely for purposesvoting stock held by non-affiliates of the above computation, that all Officers and Directors of registrant are affiliates.)Registrant was approximately $51 million.

 

DOCUMENTS INCORPORATED BY REFERENCEThe number of shares of the Registrant’s common stock outstanding as of April 7, 2005 was 7,422,042.

The Company intends to file with the Securities and Exchange Commission by May 25, 2004 a definitive Proxy Statement (the “2004 Proxy Statement”) relating to its 2004 Annual Meeting of Stockholders, which meeting involves the election of directors. The 2004 Proxy Statement is

Documents incorporated by reference inreference: Part III incorporates information by reference to portions of this Form 10-K and shall be deemed to be a part hereof.the Registrant’s proxy statement for its fiscal 2005 annual meeting of shareholders.

 



COMARCO, INC.

 

FORM 10-K

FOR THE FISCAL YEAR ENDED JANUARY 31, 20042005

 

INDEXTABLE OF CONTENTS

 

     Page

PART I

  1

ITEM 1.

 BUSINESS  1

ITEM 2.

 PROPERTIES  1314

ITEM 3.

 LEGAL PROCEEDINGS  1314

ITEM 4.

 SUBMISSION OF MATTERS TO A VOTE OF SECURITY HOLDERS  1315

PART II

  1416

ITEM 5.

 MARKET FOR REGISTRANT’S COMMON EQUITY, AND RELATED STOCKHOLDER MATTERS AND ISSUER PURCHASES OF EQUITY SECURITIES  1416

ITEM 6.

 SELECTED FINANCIAL DATA  1517

ITEM 7.

 MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS  1618

ITEM 7A.

 QUANTITATIVE AND QUALITATIVE DISCLOSURES ABOUT MARKET RISK  3140

ITEM 8.

 FINANCIAL STATEMENTS AND SUPPLEMENTARY DATA  3242

ITEM 9.

 CHANGES IN AND DISAGREEMENTS WITH ACCOUNTANTS ON ACCOUNTING AND FINANCIAL DISCLOSURE  6071

ITEM 9A.

 CONTROLS AND PROCEDURES  6071

ITEM 9B.

OTHER INFORMATION72

PART III

  6073

ITEM 10.

 DIRECTORS AND EXECUTIVE OFFICERS OF THE REGISTRANT  6073

ITEM 11.

 EXECUTIVE COMPENSATION  6073

ITEM 12.

 SECURITY OWNERSHIP OF CERTAIN BENEFICIAL OWNERS AND MANAGEMENT AND RELATED STOCKHOLDER MATTERS  6073

ITEM 13.

 CERTAIN RELATIONSHIPS AND RELATED TRANSACTIONS  6173

ITEM 14.

 PRINCIPAL ACCOUNTANT FEES AND SERVICES  6173

PART IV

  6274

ITEM 15.

 EXHIBITS AND FINANCIAL STATEMENT SCHEDULES AND REPORTS ON FORM 8-K  6274

i


PART I

 

FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS

 

All statements included or incorporated by reference in this annualThis report on Form 10-K, (the “report”), other than statements or characterizationsincluding the section entitled Management’s Discussion and Analysis of historical fact, are forward-looking statements. ExamplesFinancial Condition and Results of Operations, contains forward-looking statements include, but are not limited to, statements concerning projected revenue, expenses, gross profit, gross margin,within the meaning of Section 27A of the Securities Act of 1933 and income, manufacturing capacity,Section 21E of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 regarding our accounting estimates, assumptionsbusiness, financial condition, results of operations, and judgments, the market acceptance and performance of our products, the status of evolving technologies and their growth potential, the cost and success of our development projects, the timing of new product introductions, our production capacity, and the need for additional capital. These forward-looking statements are based on our current expectations and estimates, management’s beliefs, and certain assumptions made by us. Forward-looking statements can often be identified by wordsprospects. Words such as “anticipates,“expects,“expects,“anticipates,” “intends,” “plans,” “predicts,” “believes,” “seeks,” “estimates,” “may,” “will,” “should,” “would,” “could,” “potential,” “continue,”and similar expressions andor variations or negatives of these words. In addition, anysuch words are intended to identify forward-looking statements, that referbut are not deemed to expectations, projections or other characterizationsrepresent an all-inclusive means of identifying forward-looking statements as denoted in this report. Additionally, statements concerning future events or circumstances, including any underlying assumptions,matters are forward-looking statements. These

Although forward-looking statements speak only as of the date ofin this report reflect the good faith judgment of our management, such statements can only be based on facts and are based upon the informationfactors currently known to us at this time. Such information is subject to change, and we will not necessarily inform you of such changes. Theseby us. Consequently, forward-looking statements are not guarantees of future performance and areinherently subject to risks and uncertainties and assumptions that are difficult to predict. Therefore, our actual results couldand outcomes may differ materially from the results and adversely fromoutcomes discussed in or anticipated by the forward-looking statements. Factors that could cause or contribute to such differences in results and outcomes include, without limitation, those expressed in any forward-looking statements as a result of various factors, some of which are listedspecifically addressed under the section below entitled “Risk Factors, Uncertainties and Other Factors that May Affect Results of Operations and Financial Condition”Condition,” as well as those discussed elsewhere in Part I, Item 1this report. Readers are urged not to place undue reliance on these forward-looking statements, which speak only as of the date of this report.

We undertake no obligation to revise or update any forward-looking statements in order to reflect any event or circumstance that may arise after the date of this report. Readers are urged to carefully review and consider the various disclosures made throughout the entirety of this report, which attempt to advise interested parties of the risks and other risks identified from time to time infactors that may affect our filings with the Securitiesbusiness, financial condition, results of operations and Exchange Commission (“SEC”), press releases, and other communications.prospects.

 

We file annual, quarterly, and current reports, proxy statements, and other information with the SEC. Our SEC filings are available free of charge to the public over the Internet at the SEC’s website athttp://www.sec.gov. Our SEC filings are also available on our website athttp://www.comarco.com as soon as reasonably practical following the time that they are filed with or furnished to the SEC. Any document we file with the SEC can be read at the SEC’s public reference room in Washington, DC. For further information on the public reference room, call the SEC at (800) SEC-0330.

ITEM 1.ITEM 1.BUSINESS

 

General

 

Comarco, Inc., through its subsidiary Comarco Wireless Technologies, Inc. (collectively, “we,” “Comarco,” or the “Company”), is a leading provider of wireless test solutions for the wireless industry. Comarco also designs and manufactures emergency call box systems and mobile power products for notebook computers, cellular telephones, DVDs, PDAs, and other handheld devices. Our operations consist solely of the operations of Comarco Wireless Technologies, Inc. (“CWT”).

 

We have twothree primary businesses: wireless test solutions (“WTS”), emergency call box systems (“call box” or “call box systems”), and wireless applications.mobile power products (“ChargeSource”). Our wireless test solutions business designs and manufactures hardware and software tools for use by wireless carriers, equipment vendors, and others. Our wireless applicationscall box business designs and manufactures emergency call box systems and our mobile power products business designs universal power adapters for notebook computers, cellular telephones, DVDs, PDAs, and other handheld devices.

Our net revenue by business segment for fiscal 2005, 2004, and 2003 was:

   Years Ended

   2005

  2004

  2003

   (In millions)

Business segment:

            

Wireless Test Solutions

  $16.8  $11.1  $10.1

Emergency Call Box Systems

   6.6   7.0   10.4

Mobile Power Products (“ChargeSource”)

   5.8   16.2   15.2
   

  

  

   $29.2  $34.3  $35.7
   

  

  

More financial information about our business segments is contained in Note 19 “Business Segment Information” of our consolidated financial statements.

 

References to “fiscal” years in this report refer to our fiscal years ended January 31; for example, “fiscal 2004”2005” refers to our fiscal year ended January 31, 2004.

2005.

We file or furnish annual, quarterly, and current reports, proxy statements, and other information with the SEC. Our SEC filings are available free of charge to the public over the Internet at the SEC’s website athttp://www.sec.gov. Our SEC filings are also available on our website athttp://www.comarco.com as soon as reasonably practical following the time that they are filed with or furnished to the SEC. Any document we file or furnish with the SEC can be read at the SEC’s public reference room in Washington, DC. For further information on the public reference room, call the SEC at (800) SEC-0330.

Our Businesses

 

Wireless Test Solutions

 

Our WTS business designs and manufactures hardware and software tools usedfor use by wireless carriers, equipment vendors, and others. Radio engineers, network improvement professionals and technicians, and others use these test tools to design, deploy and optimize wireless networks, and to verify the performance of the wireless networks and resulting quality of service delivered by the wireless networks once deployed. As wireless carriers continue to deploy 2.5G and 3G technologies across their existing networks, the demand for our WTS products is expected to increase.

 

Products

 

WTS’sOur WTS product offering isofferings are based on our Seven.Five product platform. Seven.Five is a hardware and software solution that is flexible, scalable, and modular, allowing our customers to work with all 2G, 2.5G, and 3G technologies. Seven.Five can be configured in virtually any combination of test mobiles and multi-band, multi-technology scanning receivers. Test applications include;include optimization and benchmarking of wireless networks, in-building or in-vehicle testing, fixed or mobile testing, and voice, data, or video.video testing.

 

Our Seven.Five product platform consists of the following:

Seven.Five Solo: Suited for network deployment activities, Solo is a single calling module product available with a family of audio and data QoS algorithms. It is an entry-level product, capable of seamless migration to the Seven.Five Duo.

Seven.Five Duo: As networks mature, the power of a calling module plus a scanner is necessary to quickly and efficiently optimize networks. Duo supports up to two calling modules, which can have mixed technologies, and one multi-band, multi-technology RF scanner. A portability kit is available for in-building needs.

Seven.Five Multi: Designed for flexibility and scalability, Seven.Five Multi can house up to any combination of six calling modules or scanners in each chassis. Multiple chassis can be combined to allow for up to 96 calling modules. The customer can mix and match technologies for benchmarking applications or configure a system with similar technologies for optimization activities. Multi is also available with a portability kit for in-building and pedestrian testing needs.

Seven.Five Multi-Band, Multi-Technology RF Scanner: The most advanced scanner for field test applications. Capable of scans of over 3000 channels per second in multiple frequency bands, with multiple technologies, doing DVCC, BSIC and PN decoding simultaneously. The scanner offers spectrum analyzer-type measurements and full baseband decoding for GSM 850/900/1800/1900, EDGE, IS-136, CDMA2000 1X, EvDO, and WCDMA.

Services

 

WeOur WTS business ceased providing engineering services during the second quarter of fiscal 2003. Prior to that time, our WTS business provided engineering services that assisted wireless carriers, equipment vendors, and others deploy, optimize, and evaluate the performance of wireless networks. When engaged, we were able to provide and support skilled radio engineers and technicians and the test tools best suited for the engagement.

 

We began offering engineering services, which were complementary to our WTS products, to wireless carriers and equipment vendors during the fourth quarter of fiscal 2000. During the subsequent two years, we were awarded several profitable multi-million dollar contracts, as well as numerous smaller engagements. However, wireless carriers dramatically reduced their spending near the end of fiscal 2002 and the competition to provide engineering services became more intense. Reduced contract pricing and fewer opportunities resulted in reduced revenue and profitability for all engineering services providers. Accordingly, during the first half of fiscal 2003, we ceased our efforts to obtain additional service contracts, and completed our remaining contractual obligations, reduced head count, and sold a portion of the assets previously used in providing engineering services.

 

Wireless ApplicationsBeginning in late fiscal 2004, we began leasing our WTS products. The demand for our leased equipment is primarily from customers providing engineering services similar to those we formerly provided to wireless carriers. This revenue source is expected to remain relatively flat in fiscal 2006.

 

Our wireless applicationstest solutions business generated $16.8 million in revenue in fiscal 2005, $11.1 million in fiscal 2004, and $10.1 million in fiscal 2003.

Emergency Call Box Systems

Products

Our emergency call box business designs and manufactures emergency call box systems for state and mobile power products for notebook computers, cellular telephones, PDAs, and other handheld devices.local government agencies primarily located in California. Our call box products provide emergency communication over existing wireless networks. networks and are typically deployed along major highways, and at schools, universities, shopping centers, and parks.

Services

In addition to the call box products, we provide system installation and long-term maintenance services. Currently, there are approximately 14,00012,000 call boxes that we service and maintain under long-term agreements.agreements that expire at various dates through February 2011.

Our emergency call box systems business generated $6.6 million in revenue in fiscal 2005, $7.0 million in fiscal 2004, and $10.4 million in fiscal 2003.

Mobile Power Products (“ChargeSource”)

 

ChargeSource Products

 

Our wireless applicationsChargeSource business also includes thedesigns universal power adapters for notebook computers, cellular telephones, DVDs, PDAs, and other handheld devices. Our ChargeSource family of mobile power products. Designedproducts, which are designed with the needs of the traveling professional in mind, our ChargeSource mobile power products provide a high level of functionality and compatibility in an industry-leading, compact design. Our current and planned product offering consists of universal AC/DC, AC, and DC power adapters designed for the right mix of power output and functionality for most retail, OEM, and enterprise customers. Our ChargeSource products are also universal, allowing those who use rechargeable electronic devices to carry just one power adapter. By simply changing the compact SmartTip connected to the end of the charging cable, our universal power adapters are capable of charging and powering multiple target devices, including most notebook computers, cellular telephones, PDAs, and other handheld devices.

Until recently,Our ChargeSource product family consists of the following released (or to be released, as indicated) universal power adapters:

120-Watt Universal AC/DC Adapter. This adapter is used in the office, home, and hotel, as well as the automobile and airplane, and is capable of charging most notebook computers required no more than 70 watts of power to operate. However, the personal computer industry is currently transitioning to notebook computers with increasing power requirements. As power requirements increase, so does the size of the original equipment manufacturer (“OEM”) power adapter sold with each notebook computer. To address this industry wide trend, we have developed a family of high-power ChargeSource products that are compatible with most legacy, current, and planned notebook computers. These new ChargeSource products are able to deliverrequiring up to 120 watts of power, as well as cellular telephones, DVD players, PDAs, and other handheld devices.

120-Watt and 70-Watt Universal DC Adapters. These adapters are used in the automobile and airplane and are capable of charging most notebook computers, as well as cellular telephones, DVD players, PDAs, and other handheld devices.

150-Watt Universal AC/DC Adapter. This adapter is used in the office, home, and hotel, as well as the automobile and airplane, and is capable of charging most notebook computers requiring up to 150 watts of power, as well as cellular telephones, DVD players, PDAs, and other handheld devices. (Product is currently under development.)

Low-Power AC/DC Adapter. This adapter is used in the office, home, and hotel, as well as the automobile and airplane. It is designed for those individuals who do not travel with a very small form factor. notebook computer, but who have a need for a universal adapter that can charge cellular telephones, PDAs, DVD and MP3 players, digital cameras and camcorders, and other handheld devices. (Product to be released during fiscal 2006.)

Universal Battery. This 60-watt hour universal battery is used to charge most notebook computers, cellular telephones, PDAs, and other handheld devices. (Product is currently under development.)

We believe our patented electrical designs will continue to be the basis for even higher-power universal power adapters that are expected to meet evolving global standards, including the planned standards of the European Union (“EU”), and the increasing power requirements of the notebook computer OEMs, and allow us to offer customers cutting edge technology without significantly increasing the size or weight of our products. We also expect these higher-power universal power adapters to continue to be significantly smaller and lighter than their OEM counterparts.counterpart.

 

TheOur ChargeSource product family consists of the following released (or to be released, as indicated) universal power adapters:

120-Watt Universal AC/DC Adapter – This adapter is usedbusiness generated $5.8 million in the office, home, hotel, as well as the automobilerevenue in fiscal 2005, $16.2 million in fiscal 2004, and airplane and is capable of charging most notebook computers requiring up to 120 watts of power, as well as cellular telephones, PDAs, and other handheld devices.

120-Watt and 70-Watt Universal DC Adapters – These adapters are used$15.2 million in the automobile and airplane and are capable of charging most notebook computers, as well as cellular telephones, PDAs, and other handheld devices.

150-Watt Universal AC/DC Adapter – This adapter is used in the office, home, hotel, as well as the automobile and airplane and is capable of charging most notebook computers requiring up to 150 watts of power, as well as cellular telephones, PDAs, and other handheld devices. (This product is currently under development.)

Low-Power AC/DC Adapter – Designed for those individuals who do not travel with a notebook computer, but have a need for a universal adapter that can charge cellular telephones, PDAs, DVD and MP3 players, digital cameras and camcorders, and other handheld devices. This adapter is used in the office, home, hotel, as well as an automobile and airplane. (To be released during the second-half of fiscal 2005.)

2003.

Universal Battery – This 60-watt hour universal battery is used to charge most notebook computers, cellular telephones, PDA’s, and other handheld devices. (This product is currently under development.)

 

Marketing, Sales, and Distribution

 

Wireless Test Solutions.Solutions. We market and sell our WTS products primarily to wireless carriers through a direct sales force of technically trained personnel and through independent sales representatives, and affiliated and unaffiliated resellers. Our North AmericanAmerica sales are made through our direct sales and marketing organizations located in California. Sales to our customers in Latin and South America are generally made through our officeoffices located in Mexico City, Mexico, and Sao Palo, Brazil, assisted by the sales and marketing organizations based in our California office.Irvine, California. These offices also coordinate the marketing, sales, and support efforts of a network of representatives and distributors responsible for sales to customers in other geographic regions.

 

During fiscal 2002, we purchased an equity stake in Switzerland based SwissQual AG (“SwissQual”), a developer of Quality of Service systems and software for measuring, monitoring, and optimizing the quality of mobile, fixed, and IP-based voice and data communications. Under thisour alliance, SwissQual is responsible for reselling and supporting our co-branded WTS products in Europe, the Middle East, and North Africa (“EMEA”)(our “Europe” region). We have a revenue sharing agreement in place that determines how much revenue we earn from SwissQual sales and, conversely, how much revenue SwissQual earns from our sales to customers located outside the Europe region.

Emergency Call Box Systems. We market and sell our call box systems primarily to state and local government agencies located in California through a direct sales force located in Irvine, California.

Wireless Applications.Mobile Power Products (“ChargeSource”) Historically,. We have primarily sold our ChargeSource products through private label resellers. Through fiscal 2004, our ChargeSource mobile power products have beenwere exclusively distributed by Targus Group International (“Targus”). During the fourth quarter of fiscal 2004 we terminated our relationship with Targus and entered into a strategic agreement with Belkin Corporation (“Belkin”). Under this agreement, Belkin was granted exclusive worldwide distribution rights to distribute ChargeSource products in several strategic end-market categories including electronic retailers, specialty retailers, OEM third-party options, and Fortune 1000 corporate customers. We expect to make our final productDuring fiscal 2005, the subsequent sales to Targus,and marketing efforts, as well as the ramp-up of unit sales of the Belkin-branded ChargeSource products did not meet our initial shipments tooriginal expectations. The Belkin supply agreement was terminated in conjunction with the execution of the mutual release during the first halfthird quarter of fiscal 2005. We market

During the third quarter of fiscal 2005, we entered into a supply agreement with Kensington, a tier-one distributor of consumer electronics, to distribute certain of our ChargeSource products to “Big Box” retailers and sell our call box systems through a direct sales force located in California.other channels.

 

Competition

 

Wireless Test Solutions.Solutions. The market for our hardware and software test tools is highly competitive and is served by numerous providers. Our primary competitors with respect to our WTS products are Agilent Technologies, Ascom, Ericsson, and Andrew Corporation. Many of our competitors are larger and have greater financial resources.

 

The wireless industry is characterized by rapid technological changes, frequent new product and service introductions, and evolving industry standards. To compete successfully in our market, we believe we must:

 

properly identify customer needs;

 

price our products competitively;

 

innovate and develop new or enhanced products;

 

successfully commercialize new technologies in a timely manner;

 

manufacture and deliver our products in sufficient volumes on time, and

 

differentiate our offerings from our competitors’ offerings.

 

Wireless Applications.Emergency Call Box Systems. The market for our emergency call box systems is also served by numerous providers, including CNE Group, Inc., Gaitronics, Talk-A-Phone, and other manufactures of wireless and wireline emergency and information telephones.

Mobile Power Products (“ChargeSource”). Numerous providers, including Mobility Electronics, Inc., Targus, Belkin and Fellowes, as well as the cellular telephone and personal computer OEMs, also serve the market for our ChargeSource mobile power products. Many of our competitors are larger and have greater financial resources. We believe that the patents that cover our wireless applicationsChargeSource products provide us with a competitive advantage. However, our ability to compete in these markets depends on our ability to successfully commercialize new technologies in a timely manner, and manufacture and deliver our products in sufficient volumes.

 

Key Customers

 

We sell our products to wireless carriers, equipment vendors, and others located throughout the world. In 2004, we derived 84 percent of our revenues from customers located in the United States and 16 percent from customers located in foreign countries. We derive a substantial portion of our revenue from a limited number of customers. In fiscal 2005, 2004, 2003, and 20022003 Targus, the former distributor of our mobile power products, provided 38$4.1 million or 14 percent, 43$16.2 million or 47 percent, and 22$15.2 million or 43 percent of our revenue, respectively. In fiscal 2002, Nortel Networks provided 12SwissQual, our WTS reseller in Europe, accounted for $6.6 million or 22 percent of our revenue under an engineering services contract.in fiscal 2005 and TIM Cellular S.A., a WTS

customer located in Brazil, accounted for $4.3 million or 15 percent of revenue in fiscal 2005. The spending patterns of Belkin,Kensington, our current exclusiveChargeSource distributor, or any of our other key customers can vary significantly during the year. Any elimination or changesignificant reduction in the spending patterns of these customers could negativelyadversely affect our operating results.

International Operations

We sell our products to wireless carriers, equipment vendors, and other customers located throughout the world. In fiscal 2005, 2004, and 2003, we derived 53 percent, 84 percent, and 83 percent of our revenue, respectively, from customers in the United States and 47 percent, 16 percent, and 17 percent, respectively, from customers in foreign countries, as determined by the “ship to” address. The sharp increase in the percentage of sales to foreign countries during fiscal 2005 is due to increased sales of our WTS products through SwissQual, coupled with decreased sales of our ChargeSource products, which historically have been predominately sold in North America. In fiscal 2005, sales to Brazil accounted for $5.6 million or 19.3 percent of total revenue.

 

Research and Development

 

We sell our products in markets that are characterized by rapid technology changes, frequent new product introductions, and evolving technology standards. Accordingly, we devote significant resources to design and develop new and enhanced products that can be manufactured cost effectively and sold at competitive prices. To focus these efforts, we strive to maintain close relationships with our customers and develop products that meet their needs. We recently developed a new WTS product platform, Seven.Five, in response to the needs of wireless carriers for flexible, scalable, and high-value mobile test tools.

 

As of April 22, 2004,6, 2005, we employedhad approximately 3034 engineers and other technical personnel dedicated to our research and development efforts. Generally, our research and development and other engineering efforts are managed and focused on a product-by-product basis, and can generally be characterized as follows:

we collaborate closely with our customers and partners to design and manufacture new products or modify existing products to specifications required by our customers;

 

we design and manufacture enhancements and improvements to our existing products in response to our customers’ requests or feedback, and

 

we independently design and build new products in anticipation of the needs of our customers as they transition existing 2G wireless networks to next-generation technologies.

If we fail to properly respond to the needs of our customers with the development of new or enhanced products in a timely manner, our portfolio of products is likely to become technologically obsolete over time. We recently developed a new WTS product platform, Seven.Five, in response to the needs of wireless carriers for flexible, scalable, and high-value mobile test tools. For additional information concerning research and development expenditures, see “Research and Development and Software Development Costs” in note 2 of our consolidated financial statements in Part II, Item 8 of this report.

 

Manufacturing and Suppliers

 

We maintain one manufacturing facility located in Irvine, California, which is ISO-9001:2000 certified. Our manufacturing process involves the assembly of numerous individual component products by production technicians. The parts and materials used by us consist primarily of printed circuit boards, specialized subassemblies, fabricated housings and chassis, cellular telephones, and small electric circuit components, such as integrated circuits, semiconductors, resistors, and capacitors. Most of our components and sub-assemblies are made by third parties to our specifications and are generally delivered to us for final assembly and testing. During fiscal 2005, we ceased manufacturing our ChargeSource products in-house, and transitioned all manufacturing responsibility related to these products to a contract manufacturer located in China.

 

Patents and Intellectual Property

 

We hold patents that cover key technical aspects of the products in our wireless applications business.ChargeSource products. However, we generally rely on a combination of trade secrets, copyrights, and contractual rights to protect our intellectual property embodied in the hardware and software products of our WTS business.

Industry Practices Impacting Working Capital

 

Existing industry practices that affect working capital and operating cash flow include the level of variability of customer orders relative to the volume of production, vendor lead times, materials availability for critical parts, inventory levels held to achieve rapid customer fulfillment, and provisions of extended payment terms to certain foreign customers.

 

Currently, we sell our products under purchase orders that are placed with short-term delivery requirements. As a result, we maintain significant levels of inventory and associated production and technical staff in order to meet our obligations. Delays in planned customer orders could result in higher inventory levels and negatively impact our operating results.

 

Our standard terms require customers to pay for our products in U.S. dollars. For those orders denominated in foreign currencies, we may limit our exposure to losses from foreign currency transactions through forward foreign exchange contracts. To date, sales denominated in foreign currencies have not been significant and we have not entered into any foreign exchange contracts.

 

Employees

 

As of April 22, 2004,6, 2005, we employed approximately 140128 employees. We believe our employee relations to be good. The majority of our employees are professional or technical personnel who possess training and experience in engineering, computer science, and management. Our future success depends in large part on our ability to retain key technical, marketing, and management personnel, and to attract and retain qualified employees, particularly those highly skilled radio, design, process, and test engineers involved in the development of new products. Competition for such personnel can be intense, and the loss of key employees, as well as the failure to recruit and train additional technical personnel in a timely manner, could have a material adverse effect on our operating results.

Our success depends to a significant extent upon the contribution of our executive officers and other key employees. We have an employee stock option plan whereby key employees can participate in our success.

 

Risk Factors, Uncertainties and Other Factors that May Affect Results of Operations and Financial Condition

 

A significant portion of our revenue is derived from the sale of our WTS products to customers in the wireless communications industry, which has experienced a significant problemsdownturn during the past several years. If the wireless communications industry does not continue to improve, our operating results and financial condition could suffer.

 

Revenue from the sale of our WTS products to customers in the wireless communications industry accounted for 32.558 percent of our revenue in fiscal 2004. These2005. Our WTS customers include national and regional wireless carriers throughout the world, equipment vendors, and others. The wireless communications industry has historically experiencedappears to be emerging from a dramatic rate of growth both in the United States and internationally. During the past several years, however,multi-year period during which many wireless carriers have re-evaluated their network deployment plans in response to downturns in the capital markets, changing perceptions regarding industry growth, the availability and adoption of new wireless technologies, increasing price competition for subscribers, and a general economic slowdown in the United States and internationally. That trend appears to have just recently begun to change as several large carriers in the U.S., Latin America, and South America have started to once again focus on network expansion and next-generation technology deployment. If the rate of growth slowscurrent trend in the wireless communications industry continues or if wireless carriers reduce their capital investments in wireless infrastructure and related test tools offered by our WTS business, our revenue and operating results may be adversely affected.

A significant portion of our revenue is derived from the sale and maintenance of emergency call box systems to governmental customers that continue to experiencehave experienced severe budgetary constraints. If current and planned projects to install or upgrade call box systems continue to beare delayed, our operating results and financial condition could suffer.

 

Revenue from the sale and maintenance of our emergency call box systems and upgrades accounted for 20.322.6 percent of our revenues in fiscal 2004.2005. Approximately 78%79% of our call box revenue is derived from state and local governmental agencies in California, which are currentlyprior to fiscal 2005, were experiencing severe budgetary constraints. As a result, several of our planned projects to install or upgrade call box systems have been delayed.were delayed in fiscal 2004 and 2003. If the currentthese adverse budgetary conditions of state and local governmental agencies in California persist,recur we expect significant reductions in spending by our governmental customers, which would likely adversely affect our revenue and operating results.

 

Failure to adjust our operations due to changing market conditions or failure to accurately estimate demand for our products could adversely affect our operating results.

 

During the past several years, the spending patterns of many of our WTS customers have been volatile and unpredictable. In addition, consumer demand for our ChargeSource mobile power products has been subject to fluctuations as a result of our choices of distribution partners, market acceptance of our recently released products, the timing and size of customer orders and consumer demand for rechargeable mobile electronic devices. Accordingly, it has been difficult for us to forecast the demand for these products. We also are limited in our ability to quickly adapt our manufacturing and related cost structures because a significant portion of our sales and marketing, design and other engineering, and manufacturing costs are fixed. If customer demand for our WTS products or for our ChargeSource mobile powerand Call Box products declines or if we otherwise fail to accurately forecast reduced customer demand, we will likely experience excess capacity, which could adversely affect our operating results. Conversely, if market conditions improve, our manufacturing capacity may not be adequate to fill increased customer demand. As a result, we might not be able to fulfill customer orders in a timely manner, which could adversely affect our customer relationships and operating results.

The products we make are complex and have short life cycles. If we are unable to rapidly and successfully develop and introduce new products, some of our products may become obsolete and our operating results could suffer.

 

The wireless communications and consumer electronics industries are characterized by rapid technological changes, frequent new product introductions and evolving industry standards. Additionally, our ChargeSource mobile power products have short life cycles, and may become obsolete over relatively short periods of time. Our future success depends on our ability to develop, introduce, and deliver on a timely basis and in sufficient quantity new products, components, and enhancements. The success of any new product offering will depend on several factors, including our ability to:

 

properly identify customer needs and technological trends;

 

timely develop new technologies and applications;

 

price our products and services competitively;

 

timely manufacture and deliver our products in sufficient volume,volume; and

 

differentiate our products from those of our competitors.

 

Development of new products requires high levels of innovation from both our engineers and our component suppliers. Development of a new product often requires a substantial investment before we can determine the commercial viability of the product. If we dedicate a significant amount of resources to the development of products that do not achieve broad market acceptance, our operating results may suffer. Our operating results may also be adversely affected due to the timing of product introductions by competitors, especially when a competitor introduces a new product before our own comparable product is ready to be introduced.

The wireless communications and consumer electronics industries are highly competitive, and our profitability will be adversely affected if we are not able to compete effectively.

 

The wireless communications and consumer electronics industries in which we sell our products are highly competitive in many areas, including the timing of development and introduction of new products, technology, price, quality, and customer service and support. Our competitors range from some of the respective industries’ largest corporations to many relatively small and highly specialized firms. Many of our competitors possess advantages over us, including greater financial and marketing resources, greater name recognition and larger and more established customer and supplier relationships. Our competitors also may be able to respond more quickly to new or emerging technologies and changes in customer needs. If we do not have the resources or expertise or otherwise fail to develop successful strategies to address these competitive disadvantages, we could lose customers causing our revenue to decline.

 

The average selling prices of our products may decrease over their sales cycles, especially upon the introduction of new products, which may negatively affect our revenue and operating results.

 

Our products may experience a reduction in the average selling prices over their respective sales cycles. Further, as we introduce new or next-generation products, sales prices of legacy products may decline substantially. In order to sell products that have a falling average selling price and maintain margins at the same time, we need to continually reduce product and manufacturing costs. There can be no assurances we will be successful in our efforts to reduce these costs. In order to do so, we must carefully manage the price paid for components used in our products, as well as manage our inventory costs to reduce overall product costs. If we are unable to reduce the cost of legacy products as new products are introduced, our average gross margins may decline and adversely affect our operating results.

A significant portion of our revenue is dependent in part upon our relationships with our strategic distribution partners and their performance. If we are unable to successfully manage our relationships with the distributors of our mobile power products, our revenue and operating results could suffer.

 

Historically,Through fiscal 2004, our ChargeSource mobile power products have beenwere distributed by Targus Group International (“Targus”).Targus. During the fourth quarter of fiscal 2004, we terminated our relationship with Targus and entered into a strategic agreement with Belkin Corporation (“Belkin”). Under this agreement Belkin is granted exclusive worldwide distribution rightsBelkin. Due to distribute our ChargeSource products in several strategic end-market categories including electronic retailers, specialty retailers, OEM third-party options and Fortune 1000 corporate customers. However, dueBelkin’s lack of performance, they were replaced during the third quarter of fiscal 2005 with Kensington, a tier-one distributor of consumer electronics. Due to the exclusive natureterms of our agreement with Belkin,Kensington, our direct access to certain significant distribution channels has beenmay be limited. Accordingly, our success will depend in part upon Belkin’sKensington’s ability and willingness to effectively and widely distribute our ChargeSource products. If BelkinKensington does not purchase the volume of products that we anticipate, our revenue and results of operations will suffer.

 

A significant portion of our revenue is derived from a limited number of customers, and any loss of, cancellation or delay in purchases by these customers could cause a significant decrease in our revenue.

 

We have historically derived a significant portion of our revenue from a limited number of customers. Our three (3) key customers for the fiscal year just completed accounted for $17.8$15.3 million of our revenue, or 52.052 percent of our revenue for fiscal 2004.2005. For example, Targus, the former distributor of our ChargeSource mobile power products, accounted for approximately $12.9$4.1 million, or 37.614 percent of our revenue in fiscal 20042005 and $15.1$16.2 million, or 42.347 percent of our revenue in fiscal 2003.2004. Our new distribution agreement with BelkinKensington requires them to purchase minimum quantities from us during the first 18 monthsterm of the agreement, however, we cannot assure youit is not assured that BelkinKensington will be able to meet its purchase commitments, or meet or exceed our historical level of unit sales. If BelkinKensington or any of our other key customers reduces, cancels, or delays orders from us, and we are not able to develop other customers who purchase products at comparable levels, our revenue could decrease significantly. In addition, any difficulty in collecting amounts due from one or more of our key customers would negatively impact our results of operations and financial condition. We expect that a limited number of customers will continue to represent a large percentage of our revenues.

We may experience quality or safety defects in our products that could cause us to institute product recalls, require us to provide replacement products and harm our reputation.

 

In the course of conducting our business, we experience and attempt to address various quality and safety issues with our products. Often product defects are identified during our design, development, and manufacturing processes, which we are able to correct timely. Sometimes, defects are identified after introduction and shipment of products. For example, in March 2003, we voluntarily initiated a product safety recall of our legacy 70-watt universal AC power adapters, and accrued $0.4 million in expenses related thereto in fiscal 2003 and accrued a $3.2 million credit to Targus recorded as a reduction of revenue in settlement of the recall.recall, $1.1 million of which later was unused and recognized as revenue in fiscal 2004. If we are unable to timely fix defects or adequately address quality control issues, our relationships with our customers may be impaired, our reputation may suffer and we may lose customers. Any of the foregoing could adversely affect our business and results of operations.

 

Economic, political and other risks associated with our international sales and operations could adversely affect our results of operations.

 

We currently maintain sales and support operations in the United States, China, Europe, and Latin America. Our international operations accounted for approximately 15.847 percent of our revenue in fiscal 2004.2005. Accordingly, our business is subject to worldwide economic and market conditions and risks generally associated with doing business abroad, such as fluctuating foreign currency exchange rates, weaknesses in the economic conditions in particular countries or regions, the stability of international monetary conditions, tariff and trade policies, domestic and foreign tax policies, foreign governmental regulations, political unrest and disruptions and delays in shipments. These factors, among others, could adversely affect our sales of products and services in international markets.

Additionally, we have limited experience selling our products and services in markets outside our regions in the United StatesAmericas and Latin America.Europe. However, it is currently our intention to expand our international operations and establish additional sales and support offices in primary international markets. If our international sales efforts are not successful, our results of operations and financial condition could suffer.

 

Our failure to address laws and regulations governing our government contracts, could adversely affect our business and operating results.

 

We depend on contracts with state and local governmental agencies for a significant portion of our revenue, and are subject to various laws and regulations that only apply to companies doing business with the government. For example, we supply call box products and provide system installation and long-term maintenance services to regional and municipal transit authorities and other governmental agencies. In fiscal 2004,2005, we derived 20.321 percent of our revenue from contracts with these governmental customers. From time to time we are also subject to investigation for compliance with regulations governing our government contracts. Our failure to comply with any of these laws or regulations could result in suspension of these contracts, or subject us to administrative claims.

 

Disruptions in our relationships with our suppliers or in our suppliers’ operations could result in shortages of necessary components and adversely affect our operations.

 

We currently procure, and expect to continue to procure, certain components from single source manufacturers who provide unique component designs or who meet certain quality and performance requirements. In addition, we sometimes purchase customized components from single sources in order to take advantage of volume pricing discounts. In fiscal 2005 and 2004, no supplier accounted for more than 10 percent of our inventory purchases. In fiscal 2003, two suppliers accounted for more than 10 percent of our inventory purchases: Supercomal Advanced Cables Sdn. Bhd. (“Supercomal”), which provided $2.2 million or 19 percent of all inventory purchases, and Future Electronics, which provided $2.0 million or 17 percent of all inventory purchases. Both Future Electronics and Supercomal provided electronic components for our ChargeSource products.

The performance of these suppliers is largely outside our control. In the past, we have experienced, and may continue to experience, shortages of important single source components. Our suppliers may fail to timely deliver components or provide components of sufficient quality. If this occurs, we may need to adjust both product designs and production schedules, which could result in delays in the production and delivery of products to our customers. These delays or defects could harm our reputation and impair our customer relationships.

 

Third parties may claim that we are infringing their intellectual property, and we could suffer significant litigation, settlement or licensing costs and expenses or be prevented from selling certain products.

 

Third parties have claimed, and may in the future claim, that we are infringing their intellectual property rights. These intellectual property infringement claims, whether we ultimately are found to be infringing any third party’s intellectual property rights or not, are time-consuming, costly to defend, and divert resources and management attention away from our operations. Infringement claims by third parties also could subject us to significant damage awards or fines or require us to pay large amounts to settle such claims. Additionally, claims of intellectual property infringement might require us to enter into royalty or license agreements. If we cannot or do not license the infringed technology on acceptable terms or substitute similar technology from other sources, we could be prevented from or restricted in selling our products containing, or manufactured with, the infringed technology.

 

Third parties may infringe our intellectual property rights, and we may be required to spend significant resources enforcing these rights or otherwise suffer competitive injury.

 

Our success depends in large part on our proprietary technology. We generally rely upon patent, copyright, trademark, and trade secret laws in the United States and in certain other countries, and rely on confidentiality agreements with our employees, customers, and partners to establish and maintain our intellectual proprietary rights in our proprietary technology. We are required to spend significant resources to monitor and enforce our intellectual property rights; however these rights might not necessarily provide us with a sufficient competitive advantage. Our intellectual proprietary rights could be challenged, invalidated, or circumvented by competitors or others. Our employees, customers or partners could breach our confidentiality agreements, for which we may not have an adequate remedy available. We also may not be able to timely detect the infringement of our intellectual property

rights, which could harm our competitive position. Finally, the rapid pace of technological change in the wireless communications and consumer electronics industries could make certain of our key proprietary technology obsolete or provide us with less of a competitive advantage.

 

If we suffer the loss of our manufacturing facility due to catastrophe, our operations would be adversely affected.

 

We have one manufacturing facility, which is located in Irvine, California. Although we carry insurance for property damage, we do not carry insurance or financial reserves for all possible catastrophes, including interruptions or potential losses arising from earthquakes or terrorism. Any significant disruption in our manufacturing operation at the facility, whether due to fire, natural disaster, or otherwise, would have a material adverse effect on our financial condition and operating results.

 

Additionally, as previously discussed, during fiscal 2005 we transitioned the manufacturing of our ChargeSource products to a contract manufacturer located in China. If any significant disruption occurs in the facility in China, it would have a material adverse effect on our financial condition and operating results.

We depend upon the services of key personnel, and may not be able to attract and retain additional key personnel.

 

Our success depends to a significant extent on the continued services and experience of our key research, engineering, sales, marketing and executive personnel. If for any reason our key personnel left our employ and we failed to replace a sufficient number of these personnel, we might not be able to maintain or expand our business.

Competition for such highly skilled personnel in our wireless communications and consumer electronics industries is intense, and we cannot be certain that we will be able to hire or re-hire sufficiently qualified personnel in adequate numbers to meet the demand for our products and services. If we are unable to identify, hire and integrate these skilled personnel in a timely or cost-efficient manner, our operating results could suffer.

 

We may not be able to successfully integrate prior or future acquisitions, which could adversely affect our business, financial condition and results of operations.

 

We have acquired, and are likely to acquire in the future, businesses, products, and technologies that complement or expand our current operations. Acquisitions could require significant capital investments and require us to integrate with companies that have different cultures, management teams and business infrastructure. Depending on the size and complexity of an acquisition, our successful integration of the acquisition could depend on several factors, including:

 

difficulties in assimilating and integrating the operations, products and workforces of an acquired business;

 

the retention of key employees;

 

management of facilities and employees in separate geographic areas;

 

the integration or coordination of different research and development and product manufacturing facilities;

 

successfully converting information and accounting systems,systems; and

 

diversion of resources and management attention from our other operations.

 

If market conditions or other factors require us to change our strategic direction, we may fail to realize the expected value from one or more of our acquisitions. Our failure to successfully integrate our acquisitions or realize the expected value from past or future acquisitions could harm our business, financial condition and results of operations.

We may need additional capital in the future to fund the growth of our businesses, which we may not be able to obtain or obtain on acceptable terms.

 

We currently anticipate that our available capital resources and operating income will be sufficient to meet our expected working capital and capital expenditure requirements for at least the next 12 months. However, we cannot assure youit is not assured that such resources will be sufficient to fund the long-term growth of our business. In particular, we may experience a negative operating cash flow due to the timing of anticipated sales of our products. We may raise additional funds through public or private debt or equity financings if such financings become available on favorable terms. Or we may seek working capital financing under a revolving line of credit. We cannot assure you that any additional financing we may need will be available on terms favorable to us, or at all. If adequate funds are not available or are not available on acceptable terms, we may not be able to take advantage of unanticipated opportunities, develop new products or otherwise respond to competitive pressures. In any such case, our operating results and financial condition could be adversely affected.

 

Our quarterly operating results are subject to significant fluctuations and, if our operating results decline or are worse than expected, our stock price could fall.

 

We have experienced, and expect to continue to experience, significant quarterly fluctuations in revenue and operating results for our WTS business and wireless applications business.three businesses. Our quarterly operating results may fluctuate for many reasons, including:

 

the size and timing of customer orders and shipments;

 

the degree and rate of growth in the markets in which we compete and the accompanying demand for our products;

limitations in our ability to forecast our manufacturing needs;

 

our ability to introduce, and the timing of our introductions of, new or enhanced products;

 

product failures and recalls, product quality control problems and associated in-field service support costs;

 

warranty expenses;

 

availability and cost of components,components; and

 

changes in average sales prices.

 

Due to these and other factors, our past results are not reliable indicators of our future performance. In addition, a significant portion of our operating expenses is relatively fixed due to sales, engineering and manufacturing overhead. If we experience a decline in revenue, we may be unable to reduce our fixed costs quickly enough to compensate for the decline, which would magnify the adverse impact of such revenue shortfall on our results of operations. If our operating results decline or are below expectations of securities analysts or investors, the market price of our stock may decline significantly.

 

Our stock price has been and will likely remain highly volatile.

 

The stock market in general, and the stock prices of technology and wireless communications companies in particular, have experienced fluctuations that have often been unrelated or disproportionate to the operating performance of these companies. Broad market and industry stock price fluctuations may adversely affect the market price of shares of our common stock. The market price of our stock has exhibited significant price fluctuations, which makes our stock unsuitable for many investors. Our stock price may also be affected by the following factors:

 

our quarterly operating results;

changes in the wireless communications and consumer electronics industries;

 

changes in the economic outlook of the particular markets in which we sell our products and services;

 

the gain or loss of significant customers;

 

reductions in demand or expectations of future demand by our customers;

 

changes in stock market analyst recommendations regarding us, our competitors, or our customers;

 

the timing and announcements of technological innovations or new products by our competitors or by us,us; and

 

other events affecting other companies that investors deem comparable to us.

 

Our articles of incorporation and shareholder rights plan could make a potential acquisition that is not approved by our board of directors more difficult.

 

Provisions of our articles of incorporation and our shareholder rights plan could make it more difficult for a third party to acquire control of us. Our articles of incorporation prohibit the consummation of a merger, reorganization or recapitalization, sale or lease of a substantial amount of assets with, or issuance of equity securities valued at $2.0 million or more to a stockholder that owns 10 percent or more of our common stock, unless certain requirements relating to board or shareholder approval are met. Our articles also prohibit shareholder action by written consent, which could make certain changes of control more difficult by requiring the holding of a special meeting of shareholders for purposes of taking shareholder action.

In addition, in February 2003 we adopted a shareholder rights plan whereby, for each outstanding share of common stock, we distributed a preferred stock purchase right entitling the holder to purchase one one-hundredth of a share of preferred stock at an exercise price of $75. If any person or group acquires or makes an offer to acquire 15 percent or more of our common stock, the preferred stock purchase right will become exercisable by persons other than the 15 percent or more person or group, unless our board of directors timely redeems the preferred stock purchase right or has approved the offer. As a result, the preferred stock purchase rights may cause substantial dilution to the ownership of a person or group that attempts to acquire us on terms not approved by our board of directors.

 

These provisions in our articles of incorporation and our shareholder rights plan could discourage takeover attempts which some shareholders might deem to be in their best interests or in which shareholders would receive a premium for their shares over the then existing market price of our common stock.

 

The trading volume of our common stock often has been limited and may depress the price for our common stock.

 

The trading volume of our common stock has been and may continue to be limited. Limited trading volume could depress the price for our common stock because fewer analysts may provide coverage for our stock and because investors might be unwilling to pay a higher market price for a stock whichthat is less liquid. In addition, limited trading volume, along with market and industry stock price fluctuations and other factors affecting our operations, could result in greater volatility in the price of our common stock. A significant decline in our stock price, even if temporary, could result in substantial losses for individual shareholders and could subject us to costly and disruptive securities litigation.

 

Future changes in financial accounting standards may cause adverse unexpected revenue fluctuations and affect our reported results of operations.

A change in accounting standards could have a significant effect on our reported results and may even affect our reporting of transactions completed before the change is effective. The Financial Accounting Standards Board

has announced its intention to require that companies record compensation expense in the statement of operations for employee stock options using the fair value method. Implementation of this requirement could have a significant negative effect on our reported results or impair our ability to use equity compensation to attract and retain skilled personnel. New pronouncements and varying interpretations of pronouncements have occurred and may occur in the future. Changes to existing rules or the questioning of current practices may adversely affect our reported financial results or the way we conduct our business.

Compliance with changing regulation of corporate governance and public disclosure may result in additional expenses.

Changing laws, regulations and standards relating to corporate governance and public disclosure, including the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, newly enacted SEC regulations, and Nasdaq Stock Market rules, are creating uncertainty for companies such as ours. We are committed to maintaining high standards of internal controls over financial reporting, corporate governance and public disclosure. As a result, we intend to invest appropriate resources to comply with evolving standards, and this investment may result in increased general and administrative expenses and a diversion of management attention from revenue generating activities to compliance activities.

ITEM 2.ITEM 2.PROPERTIES

 

Our headquarters and primary manufacturing facility is located in Irvine, California. This leased facility consists of approximately 42,000 square feet of office space and approximately 8,000 square feet of manufacturing/ warehouse space. The lease for this facility expires in August 2005.2006. We also lease office space and, in some instances, warehouse space in California, New York, China, and Mexico. The leases on these facilities expire aton various timesdates through JuneOctober 2007.

 

ITEM 3.ITEM 3.LEGAL PROCEEDINGS

Comarco Wireless Technologies, Inc. v. Targus, Inc., Case No. 050004166, Superior Court of The State of California in and for The County of Orange:

On March 16, 2005, Comarco Wireless Technologies, Inc. (“Comarco”) filed this action for breach of contract, breach of implied duty of good faith and fair dealing, open book account, goods had and received, account stated, quantum valebant, and unjust enrichment.

Targus, Inc. (“Targus”) was the exclusive distributor of our ChargeSource products through January 2004, at which time they were removed as the exclusive distributor. Throughout fiscal 2005, we continued to honor our obligations under non-cancelable and non-returnable purchase orders placed by Targus and accepted by Comarco through the first quarter of fiscal 2005 in an attempt to affect an orderly wind-down of the relationship. During December 2004, Targus ceased making payments to Comarco for product shipped under an open book account. As of January 31, 2005, Targus and its affiliates owe us approximately $1.0 million.

While we believe this action is meritorious, this matter is in the very early stages and any loss of the amounts owed to us that may result from the outcome of this matter is not determinable or estimable. No significant provision has been made for losses, if any, which may result from the final outcome of this matter.

Pulsar v. Comarco, Inc. et al, Case No. BC30638, Superior Court of California County of Los Angeles—Central District:

 

During fiscal 2001, the Companywe sold a business which,that, among other things, provided airport management services. During the fourth quarter of fiscal 2004, the Company waswe were sued by a tenant at an airport where the Companywe provided management services pursuant to a contract with the County of Los Angeles (prior to the sale of this business during the 2001 fiscal year)2001). The claimant seeks damages of $2.0 million in addition to other unspecified damages. This matter is in the very early stages and the outcome of this matter is not determinable or estimable. No provision has been made for losses, if any, which may result from the final outcome of this matter.

 

In addition to the mattermatters discussed above, we are from time to time involved in various legal proceedings incidental to the conduct of our business. We believe that the outcome of all such pending legal proceedings will not in the aggregate have a material adverse effect on our financial condition andor operating results.

 

ITEM 4.ITEM 4.SUBMISSION OF MATTERS TO A VOTE OF SECURITY HOLDERS

 

No matter was submitted during the fourth quarter ended January 31, 20042005 to a vote of our security holders.

PART II

 

ITEM 5.MARKET FOR REGISTRANT’S COMMON EQUITY, AND RELATED STOCKHOLDER MATTERS AND ISSUER PURCHASES OF EQUITY SECURITIES

 

Market Information

 

Our common stock is traded on the Nasdaq National Market® under the symbol “CMRO.” The following table sets forth for the periods indicated the quarterly high and low closing prices per share as reported by the Nasdaq National Market. These prices represent actual reported sales transactions.

 

  High

  Low

Year ended January 31, 2005:

      

First Quarter

  $9.95  $7.50

Second Quarter

   7.50   6.65

Third Quarter

   7.65   5.90

Fourth Quarter

   8.96   7.00
  High

  Low

Year ended January 31, 2004:

            

First Quarter

  $8.19  $6.45  $8.19  $6.45

Second Quarter

   7.93   6.30   7.93   6.30

Third Quarter

   8.40   7.07   8.40   7.07

Fourth Quarter

   11.25   6.80   11.25   6.80

Year ended January 31, 2003:

      

First Quarter

  $11.95  $8.78

Second Quarter

   9.65   6.55

Third Quarter

   7.00   4.60

Fourth Quarter

   8.78   5.84

 

Holders

 

As of April 22, 2004,12, 2005, there were approximately 388371 holders of record of our common stock.

 

Dividends

 

We have not paid any cash dividends on our common stock in the last two fiscal years. We anticipate that dividends on our common stock will not be paid for the foreseeable future and that all earnings will be retained for use in our business and for use in repurchasing our common stock pursuant to our stock repurchase program.

Sales of Unregistered Securities

None.

ITEM 6.    SELECTED FINANCIAL DATA

ITEM 6.SELECTED FINANCIAL DATA

 

   Years Ended January 31,

 
   

2004

 


  

2003

(Restated)


  

2002

(Restated)


  

2001

(Restated)


  

2000

(Restated)


 
   (In thousands, except per share data) 

Revenue:

                     

Products

  $29,208  $30,372  $37,397  $36,981  $33,283 

Services

   5,057   5,314   12,171   11,986   5,725 
   


 


 


 


 


    34,265   35,686   49,568   48,967   39,008 
   


 


 


 


 


Cost of revenue:

                     

Products

   18,591   26,229   18,324   17,212   16,983 

Services

   3,135   3,779   7,323   7,605   3,811 
   


 


 


 


 


    21,726   30,008   25,647   24,817   20,794 
   


 


 


 


 


Gross profit

   12,539   5,678   23,921   24,150   18,214 

Selling, general and administrative expenses

   9,848   8,686   11,195   12,027   9,203 

Asset impairment charges

      205          

Engineering and support expenses

   5,812   5,194   5,003   4,694   3,808 

Severance costs

            1,325    
   


 


 


 


 


Operating income (loss)

   (3,121)  (8,407)  7,723   6,104   5,203 

Other income, net

   237   375   909   762   274 

Minority interest in (earnings) loss of subsidiary

   34   141   (50)  (7)  (46)
   


 


 


 


 


Income (loss) from continuing operations before income taxes

   (2,850)  (7,891)  8,582   6,859   5,431 

Income tax expense (benefit)

   (1,008)  (2,933)  3,156   2,419   1,982 
   


 


 


 


 


Income (loss) from continuing operations

   (1,842)  (4,958)  5,426   4,440   3,449 

Income (loss) from discontinued operations

   596   (5,185)  (324)  225   (262)
   


 


 


 


 


Net income (loss)

  $(1,246) $(10,143) $5,102  $4,665  $3,187 
   


 


 


 


 


Basic income (loss) per share:

                     

Income (loss) from continuing operations

  $(0.26) $(0.71) $0.77  $0.66  $0.52 

Discontinued operations

   0.09   (0.74)  (0.05)  0.03   (0.04)
   


 


 


 


 


Net income (loss)

  $(0.17) $(1.45) $0.72  $0.69  $0.48 
   


 


 


 


 


Diluted income (loss) per share:

                     

Income (loss) from continuing operations

  $(0.26) $(0.71) $0.73  $0.58  $0.48 

Discontinued operations

   0.09   (0.74)  (0.05)  0.03   (0.04)
   


 


 


 


 


Net income (loss)

  $(0.17) $(1.45) $0.68  $0.61  $0.44 
   


 


 


 


 



Note:
   Years Ended January 31,

 
   2005

  2004

  2003

  2002

  2001

 
   (In thousands, except per share data) 

Revenue:

                     

Products

  $24,159  $29,208  $30,372  $37,397  $36,981 

Services

   5,064   5,057   5,314   12,171   11,986 
   


 


 


 


 


    29,223   34,265   35,686   49,568   48,967 
   


 


 


 


 


Cost of revenue:

                     

Products

   17,445   18,591   26,229   18,324   17,212 

Services

   3,463   3,135   3,779   7,323   7,605 
   


 


 


 


 


    20,908   21,726   30,008   25,647   24,817 
   


 


 


 


 


Gross profit

   8,315   12,539   5,678   23,921   24,150 

Selling, general and administrative expenses

   9,001   9,848   8,686   11,195   12,027 

Asset impairment charges

   —     —     205   —     —   

Engineering and support expenses

   7,521   5,812   5,194   5,003   4,694 

Severance costs

   —     —     —     —     1,325 
   


 


 


 


 


Operating income (loss)

   (8,207)  (3,121)  (8,407)  7,723   6,104 

Other income, net

   180   237   375   909   762 

Minority interest in (earnings) loss of subsidiary

   72   34   141   (50)  (7)
   


 


 


 


 


Income (loss) from continuing operations before income taxes and discontinued operations

   (7,955)  (2,850)  (7,891)  8,582   6,859 

Income tax expense (benefit)

   2,426   (1,008)  (2,933)  3,156   2,419 
   


 


 


 


 


Income (loss) from continuing operations

   (10,381)  (1,842)  (4,958)  5,426   4,440 

Income (loss) from discontinued operations

   325   596   (5,185)  (324)  225 
   


 


 


 


 


Net income (loss)

  $(10,056) $(1,246) $(10,143) $5,102  $4,665 
   


 


 


 


 


Basic income (loss) per share:

                     

Income (loss) from continuing operations

  $(1.41) $(0.26) $(0.71) $0.77  $0.66 

Discontinued operations

   0.04   0.09   (0.74)  (0.05)  0.03 
   


 


 


 


 


Net income (loss)

  $(1.37) $(0.17) $(1.45) $0.72  $0.69 
   


 


 


 


 


Diluted income (loss) per share:

                     

Income (loss) from continuing operations

  $(1.41) $(0.26) $(0.71) $0.73  $0.58 

Discontinued operations

   0.04   0.09   (0.74)  (0.05)  0.03 
   


 


 


 


 


Net income (loss)

  $(1.37) $(0.17) $(1.45) $0.68  $0.61 
   


 


 


 


 


   Years Ended January 31,

 
   2005

  2004

  2003

  2002

  2001

 
   (In thousands) 

Working capital

  $19,057  $25,213  $26,500  $27,046  $25,337 

Total assets

   40,226   52,139   50,315   67,069   67,319 

Borrowing under line of credit

   —     —     —     —     —   

Long-term debt

   —     —     —     —     —   

Stockholders’ equity

   29,774   38,891   38,186   47,937   43,653 

The net assets of the Company’s EDX reporting unit were sold during fiscal 2004. Accordingly, the results of operations for our EDX reporting unit for fiscal 2001 (the year the division was purchased) through 2003 have been reclassified and separately presented as discontinued operations. Therefore, these amounts will not agree to the previously filed amounts. Additionally, fiscal 2000 through 2003 have been restated for various adjustments as further described in note 2 of our accompanying consolidated financial statements.

   Years Ended January 31,

   

2004

 


  2003
(Restated)


  

2002

(Restated)


  

2001

(Restated)


  

2000

(Restated)


   (In thousands, except per share data)

Working capital

  $25,213  $26,500  $27,046  $25,337  $22,174

Total assets

   52,621   50,315   67,069   67,319   44,694

Borrowing under line of credit

               

Long-term debt

               

Stockholders’ equity

   38,891   38,186   47,937   43,653   31,925

ITEM 7.ITEM 7.MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS

 

The discussion that follows provides analysis and information that management believes is relevant to an assessment and understanding of our consolidated results of operations and financial condition. The following discussion and analysis should be read in conjunction with our consolidated financial statements and accompanying notes thereto included in Part II, Item 8 of this report on Form 10-K. This report contains forward-looking statements including, without limitation, statements regarding trends, cyclicality, seasonality and growth in the markets we sell into, our strategic direction, expenditures in research and development, contracts, our future effective tax rate, new product introductions, changes to our manufacturing processes, our liquidity position, our ability to generate cash from continuing operations, our expected growth, the potential impact of our adopting new accounting pronouncements, our financial results, revenue generated from international sales, the impact of our enterprise resource planning systems implementation, the impact of our variable cost structure, and the section entitled “Risk Factors, Uncertaintiesexistence or length of an economic recovery that involves risks and Other Factors that May Affect Results of Operations and Financial Condition” includeduncertainties. Our actual results could differ from the results contemplated by these forward-looking statements due to certain factors, including those discussed in Part I, Item 1 ofand elsewhere in this report.

 

Overview

 

Comarco, Inc., through its subsidiary Comarco Wireless Technologies, Inc. (collectively, “we,” “Comarco,” or the “Company”), is a leading provider of wireless test solutions for the wireless industry. Comarco also designs, manufactures, and manufacturesmaintains emergency call box systems and designs mobile power products for notebook computers, cellular telephones, PDAs, and other handheld devices. Our operations consist solely of the operations of Comarco Wireless Technologies, Inc. (“CWT”).

 

Our revenue isand related cash flows are primarily derived from sales of our wireless test solutions and wireless applications(“WTS”) products, and from services related to the maintenance of deployed emergency call box systems.systems and related maintenance services, and ChargeSource mobile power products. We have twothree reportable operating segments: wireless test solutions (“WTS”)WTS, Call Box, and wireless applications.ChargeSource. See “Segment Reporting” in note 3Notes 2 and 19 of notes to our consolidated financial statements included in Part II, Item 8 of this report.

 

Industry and Company Trends and Uncertainties

Wireless Test Solutions

Our WTS business designs and manufactures hardware and software tools for use by wireless carriers, equipment vendors, and others. Radio engineers, network improvement professionals and technicians, and others use these test tools to deploy and optimize wireless networks, and to verify the performance of the wireless networks and resulting quality of service once deployed.

The wireless communications industry appears to be emerging from a multi-year period during which many wireless carriers re-evaluated their network deployment plans in response to downturns in the capital markets, changing perceptions regarding industry growth, the availability and adoption of new wireless technologies, increasing price competition for subscribers and a general economic slowdown in the United States and internationally. We believe there are signs of increased confidence in the industry and the markets for our WTS products. Increasing minutes of use (“MOU”), global subscribers and data-intensive applications are driving higher capacity utilization of existing networks, requiring wireless carriers around the globe to place a greater emphasis on capital expenditures devoted to their wireless networks. Wireless carriers are now allocating increasing levels of capital resources to business development and long-term strategic network planning in response to consumer demand for improved network coverage, quality of service, and enhanced data services.

Management currently considers the following additional trends, events, and uncertainties to be important to understanding our WTS business:

Revenue is derived from a limited set of customers in each market where we do business.

During the first half of fiscal 2004, we completed the development of our Seven.Five hardware platform and various related software applications.

Our regions in Europe and Latin America/South America experienced significant year-over-year revenue growth primarily driven by the availability of our Seven.Five product platform for the full-fiscal year. We expect revenue derived from these regions for fiscal 2006 to be comparable to the fiscal year just completed.

Our European region is served by our exclusive reseller, SwissQual Holding Inc. (“SwissQual”). All sales to SwissQual are deferred until payment is received.

We expect increased spending by wireless carriers based in North America in the areas of network deployment, optimization, and quality of service testing.

The wireless industry is composed of a relatively small number of wireless carriers and equipment vendors, which can lead to volatility in our results, as our business is characterized by sales to a limited set of customers in each region where we do business. The timing and size of customer orders can vary greatly making it difficult to forecast our results from period to period. Consequently, our business may be affected in any single region by the changing priorities of a small group of customers.

During the first half of fiscal 2004, we completed the development of our Seven.Five hardware platform and various related software applications, and began shipping products to customers in Europe and Latin and South America. Seven.Five is a hardware and software solution that is flexible, scalable, and modular allowing our customers to work with all 2G, 2.5G and 3G technologies.

The European wireless marketplace is widely considered to be several years ahead of the rest of the world in deploying 3G technologies and related data-intensive applications making our European region the first to embrace our Seven.Five product platform. During fiscal 2005 many of the wireless carriers in Latin and South America, which have both financial and technology ties to the European wireless carriers, purchased our Seven.Five product platform as they continued to deploy 3G technologies consistent with the European roadmap across their wireless networks.

We believe our North America region may benefit from increased spending by certain United States wireless carriers. This increased spending can be attributed to several trends: (i) the recent availability and implementation of new technologies such as 3G wireless and broadband wireless; (ii) activity generated by efforts to consolidate networks resulting from recent merger activity; (iii) network quality enhancement programs to reduce churn; and (iv) network expansion and capacity programs geared toward enabling new and enhanced services.

Emergency Call Box Systems

Our emergency call box business designs and manufactures emergency call box systems. Our call box products provide emergency communication over existing wireless networks. In addition to call box products, we provide system installation and long-term maintenance services. Currently, there are approximately 12,000 call boxes that we maintain under long-term agreements that expire at various dates through February 2011.

Wireless carriers are reallocating spectrum away from analog, or first generation, wireless technologies to digital, or 2G and 2.5G, wireless technologies. As a result, state and local agencies are upgrading their existing call box systems to digital to maintain the functional efficiencies of their call box systems. Our upgraded call box products, based on 2.5G GSM and CDMA technologies, offer a complete solution of current technology and services at a low cost designed to meet our customers’ needs. With more than 19,000 call box units installed, we see a strong opportunity to drive our call box revenue for the next two years as only 3,200 call boxes are currently under contract for digital upgrade or have been upgraded.

Management currently considers the following additional trends, events, and uncertainties to be important to understanding our call box business:

During the fourth quarter of fiscal 2005, we were awarded a project by the San Bernardino Service Authority for Freeway Emergencies (“SAFE”) to upgrade approximately 1,600 call boxes to digital, valued at $2.5 million. San Bernardino SAFE also renewed their call box system maintenance contract for approximately $3.3 million over a five-year term. We expect to record revenue relating to the digital upgrade project totaling approximately $2.5 million during fiscal 2006.

During the fourth quarter of fiscal 2005, we were awarded projects by the San Diego SAFE to upgrade approximately 1,400 call boxes with digital and text-telephony (“TTY”) technologies and retrofit approximately 1,000 call box sites to improve accessibility for persons with mobility limitations. These projects are valued at approximately $3.7 million, which we expect to record as revenue during fiscal 2006.

Service revenue attributable to maintenance of existing call box systems is expected to total approximately $4.5 million in fiscal 2006.

Additional anticipated projects to upgrade and expand existing call box systems are concentrated with several customers that are agencies of California’s state and local governments, from whom we generate approximately 79 percent of our call box revenue. In addition, we believe that the severe financial challenges experienced by California state government created uncertainty for our governmental customers in California, causing them to delay upgrades and expansions of certain call box systems. While this trend appears to have reversed, as evidenced by the awarded projects discussed above, we continue to be vulnerable to the spending patterns of our customers that are concentrated in California.

Mobile Power Products (“ChargeSource”)

Designed with the needs of the traveling professional in mind, our ChargeSource mobile power products provide a high level of functionality and compatibility in an industry-leading compact design. Our current and planned product offering consists of universal AC/DC, AC, and DC power adapters designed for the right mix of power output and functionality for most retail, OEM, and enterprise customers. Our ChargeSource products are also universal allowing those who use rechargeable electronic devices to carry just one power adapter. By simply changing the compact SmartTip connected to the end of the charging cable, our universal power adapters are capable of charging and powering multiple target devices, including most notebook computers, cellular telephones, PDAs, and other handheld devices.

Prior to fiscal 2004, most notebook computers required no more than 70 watts of power to operate. However, the personal computer industry is continuing to transition to notebook computers with increasing power requirements. As power requirements increase, so does the size of the OEM power adapter sold with each notebook computer. To address this industry wide trend, we have developed a family of high-power ChargeSource products that are compatible with most legacy, current, and planned notebook computers. These new ChargeSource products are able to deliver up to 120 watts of power in a very small form factor.

Management currently considers the following additional trends, events, and uncertainties to be important to understanding our ChargeSource business:

During the third quarter of fiscal 2005, we entered into a supply agreement with Kensington, a tier-one distributor of consumer electronics, to distribute certain of our ChargeSource products to “Big Box” retailers and other channels. During the third quarter we received firm orders from Kensington and began shipping a limited number of units under this supply agreement. We currently expect to continue to ramp-up production of Kensington-branded ChargeSource products during fiscal 2006.

During January 2004 we entered into a supply agreement with Belkin Corporation (“Belkin” and the “Belkin Supply Agreement”) and began shipping a limited number of ChargeSource units to Belkin late in the first quarter of fiscal 2005. The subsequent sales and marketing efforts, as well as the ramp-up of

unit sales of the Belkin-branded ChargeSource products did not meet our original expectations. The Belkin Supply Agreement was terminated in conjunction with the execution of the Mutual Release during the third quarter of fiscal 2005.

In addition to transitioning the distribution of our ChargeSource products to Kensington, during the third quarter of fiscal 2005, we transitioned the manufacturing of our redesigned ChargeSource product line to a contract manufacturer located in China. These distribution and manufacturing initiatives, which are expected to enhance our competitiveness in the marketplace, interrupted our business resulting in lower revenue from the sales of our ChargeSource products. While these initiatives are underway, we expect to experience additional, yet decreasing, disruption and ramp-up delays during fiscal 2006.

On March 20, 2003 and in cooperation with the U.S. Consumer Products Safety Commission (“CPSC”), we voluntarily initiated a product safety recall of our legacy ChargeSource 70-watt universal AC power adapters. This product safety recall impacts approximately 125,000 units that were sold in fiscal 2003. Comarco and Targus entered into an agreement to address the impact of the recall action. Under the terms of the agreement Comarco issued a $3.2 million credit to Targus in fiscal 2003 in consideration of a full release. Of the $3.2 million credit issued to Targus in the fourth quarter of fiscal 2003, qualifying product returns totaling $2.1 million were received from Targus through October 31, 2003. During the third quarter of fiscal 2004, the remaining $1.1 million unused credit was recorded as revenue, consistent with the expiration of the right of return and the term of the agreement. Additionally, in the fourth quarter of fiscal 2003 we accrued $183,000 in costs related to the recall action in cost of revenue. We did not incur a similar product recall in fiscal 2004 or 2005.

Critical Accounting Policies

 

The preparation of our consolidated financial statements requires us to apply accounting policies and make certain estimates and judgments. Our significant accounting policies are presented in note 2 to our consolidated financial statements. Of our significant accounting policies, we believe the following involve a higher degree of uncertainty, subjectivity and judgments. These policies involve estimates and judgments that are inherently uncertain. Changes in these estimates and judgments may significantly impact our annual and quarterly operating results. We have identified the following as our most significant critical accounting policies to our company: revenue recognition, software development costs, accounts receivable, inventory, income taxes, valuation of goodwill, and valuation of long-lived assets.policies.

 

Revenue Recognition

 

We recognize product revenue upon shipment of products provided there are no uncertainties regarding customer acceptance, persuasive evidence of an arrangement exists, the sales price is fixed or determinable, and collectibility is reasonably assured. Forprobable. Generally, our wireless test solutions products thatare shipped FOB named point of shipment, whether it is Irvine, our corporate headquarters, or Hong Kong, the shipping point of our ChargeSource products. Shipments to SwissQual, our WTS distributor in Europe, are shipped delivery duties unpaid (“DDU”). Under DDU, title and risk of loss for the goods shipped passes to the buyer at destination.

Our WTS products are integrated with embedded software,software. Accordingly, we recognize revenue using the residual method pursuant to requirements of Statement of Position No. 97-2, “Software Revenue Recognition,” and other applicable revenue recognition guidance and interpretations. Under the residual method, we allocate revenue to the undelivered element, typically maintenance, based on its respective fair value, with the fair value determined by the price charged when that element is sold separately. We amortize the revenue allocated to the maintenance element evenly over the term of the maintenance commitment made at the time of sale. We expense as incurred the costs associated with honoring the maintenance commitment. The revenue attributable to the delivered product is the residual amount after subtracting the revenue allocated to the undelivered element from the sales price. The revenue attributable to the delivered product is recognized following the policy for product sales described above. Over time, the percentage of revenue attributable to maintenance will change if the selling price of maintenance contracts sold separately increases or decreases.

We recognize service revenue as the services are performed. Maintenance revenue from extended warranty sales is deferred and recognized ratably over the term of the maintenance agreement, typically 12 months. Revenue for services under long-term contracts, for engineering services, which ceased operations in the second quarter of fiscal 2003, was recognized using the percentage-of-completion method on the basis of percentage of costs incurred to date on a contract, relative to the estimated total contract costs. Profit estimates on long-term contracts were revised periodically based on changes in circumstances and any losses on contracts were recognized in the period in which such losses became known.

 

Significant management judgments must be made and used in connection with the recognition of revenue recognized in any accounting period. For our WTS business, management must make judgments, for example, regarding uncertainties surrounding customer acceptance because some orders may include acceptance test provisions that require we defer revenue upon shipment until such time as the client has accepted the equipment. Material differences may result in the amount and timing of our revenue for any period if our management made different judgments.

 

Software Development Costs

 

We had $3.5 million of capitalized software as of January 31, 2005, net of accumulated amortization of $5.4 million. Capitalized software amortization expense is included in cost of revenue. We capitalize software developed for sale or lease in accordance with Statement of Financial Accounting StandardStandards (“SFAS”) No. 86 (“SFAS No. 86”), “Accounting for Costs of Computer Software to be Sold, Leased, or Otherwise Marketed.” Software costs incurred subsequent to the determination of the technological feasibility of the software product are capitalized. Technological feasibility is generally demonstrated by the completion of a working model. Our policy is to capitalize the costs associated with development of new products butand expense the costs associated with subsequent maintenancenew releases, if any.which primarily consist of enhancements or increased functionality of software embedded in existing products. Significant management judgment is required in determining whether technological feasibility has been achieved for a particular software project.project and in estimating the economic life of the related product. Capitalization ceases and amortization of capitalized costs begins when the software product is available for general release to our customers. CapitalizedEach quarter we compare capitalized software development costs net of related amortization, are compared to management’sour estimate of projected revenues quarterly to determine if any impairment in value has occurred that would require an adjustment in the carrying value or change in expected useful lives under the guidelines established under SFAS No. 86. We also continually evaluate the recoverability of software acquired through acquisition or by direct purchase of technology.

 

We had $5.5 million of capitalized software at January 31, 2004, net of accumulated amortization of $3.4 million. Capitalized software amortization expense is included in cost of revenue. The amortization period for the software costs capitalized is the shorter of the economic life of the related product, typically two to four years, or based on expected unit sales under the sales ratio method.

Accounts Receivable

 

We perform ongoing credit evaluations of our customers and adjust credit limits and related terms based upon payment history and our customers’the customer’s current credit worthiness. We continuouslycontinually monitor collections and payments from our customers and maintain a provision for estimated credit losses based upon our historical experience and any specific customer collection issues that we have identified. While such credit losses have historically been within our expectations and the provisions established, we cannot guarantee that we will continue to experience the same credit loss rates that we have in the past. Since our accounts receivable are concentrated in a relatively few number of customers, a significant change in the liquidity or financial position of any one of these customers could have a material adverse effect on the collectibility of our accounts receivable and our future operating results.

 

Specifically, our management must make estimates of the uncollectibilitycollectibility of our accounts receivable. Management analyzes specific customer accounts historical bad debt, trends,and establishes reserves for uncollectible receivables based upon specific identification of account balances that have indications of uncertainty of collection. Indications of uncertainty of collections may include the customer’s inability to pay, customer concentrations, customer credit-worthiness, and current economic trends when evaluating the adequacy of the allowance for doubtful accounts.dissatisfaction, or other factors. Significant management judgments and estimates must be made and used in connection with establishing the allowance for doubtful accounts in any accounting period. Material differences may result in the amount and timing of our losses for any period if management made different judgments or utilized different estimates.

 

Valuation of Inventory

 

We value our inventory at the lower of the actual cost to purchase and/or manufacture the inventory (calculated on average costs, which approximates first-in, first-out basis) or the current estimated market value of the

inventory.value. We regularly review inventory quantities on hand and record a provision forwrite down of excess and obsolete inventory based primarily on our estimated forecast of product demand and production requirements forexcess quantities on hand based upon component usage in the next twelvepreceding 12 months. As experienceddemonstrated during fiscal 2003,prior periods, demand

for our products can fluctuate significantly. A significant increase in the demand for our products could result in a short-term increase in the cost of inventory purchases while a significant decrease in demand could result in an increase in the amount of excess inventory quantities on hand. In addition, our industry is characterized by rapid technological change, frequent new product development, and rapid product obsolescence that could result in an increase in the amount of obsolete inventory quantities on hand. Additionally, our forecasts of future product demand may prove to be inaccurate, in which case we may have understated or overstated the provision required for excess and obsolete inventory. In the future, if our inventory were determined to be overvalued, we would be required to recognize such costs in our cost of goods sold at the time of such determination. Therefore, although we make every effort to ensure the accuracy of our forecasts of future product demand, any significant unanticipated changes in demand or technological developments could have a significant impact on the value of our inventory and our operating results.

 

Income Taxes

 

We assessare required to estimate our provision for income taxes in each of the tax jurisdictions in which we conduct business. This process involves estimating our actual current tax expense in conjunction with the evaluation and measurement of temporary differences resulting from differing treatment of certain items for tax and accounting purposes. These temporary timing differences result in the establishment of deferred tax assets to determineand liabilities, which are recorded on a net basis and included in our consolidated balance sheets. We then assess on a periodic basis the amountprobability that we believe is “more likely than not” to be realized. We consider future taxable income and prudent and feasible tax planning strategies in assessing the need for a valuation allowance. Various other indicators are also considered, including the existence of cumulative tax losses during recent years. If the Company can not generate sufficient taxable income during the 2005 fiscal year, it may be necessary to reserve some or all of the deferred tax assets. If we determine that we will not realize all or part of our net deferred tax assets, inif any, will be recovered. If after evaluating all of the future, wepositive and negative evidence, a conclusion is made that it is more likely than not that some portion or all of the net deferred tax assets will establishnot be recovered, a valuation allowance againstis provided with a corresponding charge to tax expense to reserve the portion of the deferred tax assets which willare estimated to be chargedmore likely than not to be realized.

Significant management judgment is required in determining our provision for income taxes, our deferred tax expenseassets and liabilities and any required valuation allowance. During the second quarter of fiscal 2005, as a result of incurring cumulative losses for a three-year period, we established a valuation allowance totaling approximately $2.9 million, or the entire deferred tax asset balance existing as of the beginning of fiscal 2005, as reclassified. We reclassified $807,000 of reserves relating to research and experimentation credits included in the periodcurrent taxes receivable as of such determination.January 31, 2004 to the net deferred tax asset upon the determination that it was more likely than not that the benefit of $807,000 would not be realized. In addition, a full valuation allowance has been provided on all net deferred tax asset additions during fiscal 2005, resulting in a fully reserved net tax asset. This valuation allowance was established based on management’s overall assessment of risks and uncertainties related to our future ability to realize, and hence, utilize certain deferred tax assets, primarily consisting of net operating losses, carry forward temporary differences and future tax deductions resulting from certain types of stock option exercises. Due to the losses of the third and fourth quarters, the adjusted net deferred tax assets remain fully reserved as of January 31, 2005.

During the third quarter of fiscal 2005, we recorded a tax benefit of $446,000 due to the generation of refund claims created upon completion of our fiscal 2004 corporate tax returns, which were completed in the third quarter of fiscal 2005.

 

Valuation of Goodwill

 

Effective February 1, 2002, we implementedWe account for goodwill and intangible assets in accordance with SFAS No. 141, “Business Combinations,” and SFAS No. 142, “Goodwill and Other Intangible Assets.” SFAS No. 142 establishes new standards forAccordingly, we no longer amortize goodwill acquired in a business combination, eliminates amortizationfrom acquisitions, but continue to amortize other acquisition-related intangibles and costs. As of January 31, 2005, we had $2.4 million of goodwill and sets forth methods for periodically evaluating goodwill for impairment.recorded in our audited consolidated balance sheet.

 

Under SFAS No. 142, goodwill impairment is deemed to exist if the net book value of a reporting unit exceeds its estimated fair value generally determined using a discounted cash flow methodology applied to the particular unit. This methodology differs from our previous policy, in accordance with accounting standards existing at that time, of using undiscounted cash flows on an enterprise-wide basis to determine recoverability. During the second quarter of fiscal 2003, we recorded a non-cash charge of $4.1 million to write down fully the carrying value of the goodwill related to our EDX reporting unit. ThisAs the net assets of the EDX reporting unit is included in our wireless test solutions segment for financial reporting purposes, andwere sold during the related goodwill was generated through our acquisitionfourth quarter of EDX Engineering, Inc. in December 2000. Suchfiscal 2004, such charge is reflected as a component of discontinued operations. Future impairments of intangible assets, if any, will be recorded as operating expenses.

We assessperformed our annual goodwill impairment analysis at January 31, 2005 and identified no impairment. The impairment review is based upon a discounted cash flow approach that uses estimates of future market share and revenue and costs for impairment annually during the fourth quarter of each yearreporting units, as well as appropriate discount rates. The estimates used are consistent with the plans and estimates that we use to manage the underlying businesses. However, if we fail to deliver new products for these groups, if the products fail to gain expected market acceptance, or on an interim basis whenever events or changesif market conditions in circumstances indicate that the carrying valuerelated businesses are unfavorable, revenue and cost forecasts may not be recoverable. Factorsachieved and we consider important that could trigger anmay incur charges for impairment review include the following:of goodwill.

 

significant underperformance relative to expected historical

For intangible assets with definite useful lives, we amortize the cost over the estimated useful lives and assess any impairment by estimating the future cash flow from the associated asset in accordance with SFAS No. 144 “Accounting for the Impairment or projected future operating results;

significant changes inDisposal of Long-Lived Assets.” We also annually review the manneruseful lives of each of our useintangible assets. As of the acquired assets or the strategy for our overall business;

significant negative industry or economic trends;

significant decline in our stock price for a sustained period, and

our market capitalization relative to net book value.

The purchase methodJanuary 31, 2005, we had $1.5 million of accounting for acquisitions requires extensive use of accounting estimates and judgments to allocate the purchase price to the fair value of the net tangible andnon-goodwill intangible assets acquired. The

amounts and useful lives assigned torecorded in intangible assets, impact future amortization. If the assumptionswhich includes $0.4 million for software rights and estimates used to allocate the purchase price are not correct, purchase price adjustments or future asset impairment charges could be required.$1.1 million for intellectual property rights.

 

Valuation of Long-Lived Assets

 

We evaluate long-lived assets used in operations, including purchased intangible assets, when indicators of impairment, such as reductions in demand or significant economic slowdowns that negatively impact our customers or markets, are present. Reviews are performed to determine whether the carrying value of assets is impaired based on comparison to the undiscounted expected future cash flows. If the comparison indicates that there is impairment, the impaired asset is written down to fair value, which is typically calculated using a weighted average of the market approach and the discounted expected future cash flows using a discount rate based upon our cost of capital. Impairment is based on the excess of the carrying amount over the fair value of those assets. Significant management judgment is required in the forecast of future operating results that is used in the preparation of expected discounted cash flows. It is reasonably possible that the estimates of anticipated future net revenue, the remaining estimated economic life of the products and technologies, or both, could differ from those used to assess the recoverability of these assets. In that event, additional impairment charges or shortened useful lives of certain long-lived assets could be required.

 

Results of Operations – Operations—Continuing Operations

 

Wireless Test Solutions

Our WTS business designs and manufactures hardware and software tools for use by wireless carriers, equipment vendors, and others. Radio engineers, network improvement professionals and technicians, and others use these test tools to design, deploy, and optimize wireless networks, and to verify the performance of the wireless networks once deployed.

Management currently considers the following events, trends, and uncertainties to be important to understanding our WTS business:

The wireless communications industry has historically experienced a dramatic rate of growth both in the United States and internationally. During the past several years, however, many wireless carriers have re-evaluated their network deployment plans in response to downturns in the capital markets, changing perceptions regarding industry growth, the adoption of new wireless technologies, increasing price competition for subscribers and a general economic slowdown in the United States and internationally. That trend appears to have just recently begun to change.

During fiscal year 2004, in response to consumer demand for improved network coverage, quality of service, and enhanced data services, domestic wireless carriers increased capital spending on their networks, which we believe results in increased demand for our WTS products. We expect this trend to continue in fiscal 2005.

Our European operation experienced year-over-year revenue growth primarily driven by sales of our Seven.Five product platform to European wireless carriers. We expect our European operation to continue to experience year-over-year revenue growth in fiscal 2005 based on the demand we are experiencing during the first quarter of fiscal 2005, as well as planned technology deployments by wireless carriers.

During the first half of fiscal 2004, we completed the development of our Seven.Five hardware platform and various related software applications, and began shipping products to customers in Europe, North America and Latin America. Seven.Five is a hardware and software solution that is flexible, scalable, and modular allowing our customers to work with all 2G, 2.5G and 3G technologies.

The Seven.Five product family consists of the following:

Seven.Five Solo: Suited for network deployment activities, Solo is a single calling module product available with a family of audio and data QoS algorithms. It is an entry-level product, capable of seamless migration to the Seven.Five Duo.

Seven.Five Duo: As networks mature, the power of a calling module plus a scanner is necessary to quickly and efficiently optimize networks. Duo supports up to two calling modules, which can have mixed technologies, and one multi-band, multi-technology RF scanner. A portability kit is available for in-building needs.

Seven.Five Multi: Designed for flexibility and scalability, Seven.Five Multi can house up to any combination of six calling modules or scanners in each chassis. Multiple chassis can be combined to allow for up to 96 calling modules. The customer can mix and match technologies for benchmarking applications or configure a system with similar technologies for optimization activities. Multi is also available with a portability kit for in-building and pedestrian testing needs.

Seven.Five Multi-Band, Multi-Technology RF Scanner: The most advanced scanner for field test applications. Capable of scans of over 3000 channels per second in multiple frequency bands, with multiple technologies, doing DVCC, BSIC and PN decoding simultaneously. The scanner offers spectrum analyzer-type measurements and full baseband decoding for GSM 850/900/1800/1900, EDGE, IS-136, CDMA2000 and WCDMA.

Wireless Applications

Our wireless applications business designs and manufactures emergency call box systems and mobile power products for notebook computers, cellular telephones, PDAs, and other handheld devices. Our call box products provide emergency communication over existing wireless networks. In addition to the call box products, we provide system installation and long-term maintenance services. Currently, there are approximately 14,000 call boxes that we service and maintain under long-term agreements which expire at various dates through February 2011.

Management currently considers the following events, trends, and uncertainties to be important to understanding our wireless applications business:

Anticipated projects to upgrade and expand existing emergency call box systems are concentrated with several customers that are agencies of California’s state and local governments. Due to California’s financial challenges, we are unable to forecast the timing of these projects and related revenue.

We are transitioning the distribution of our ChargeSource mobile power products to a new and exclusive distributor. We expect this transition to continue to take place through the second quarter of fiscal 2005. During this transition period, we are unable to accurately forecast the timing of the product roll out by our new distribution partner. However, based on our past experience of sales of similar products to national electronics retailers, and our estimated roll out timing, we expect revenue for the second half of fiscal 2005 to exceed the same for the first half of the fiscal year. We also expect that by the fourth quarter of fiscal 2005, revenue from the sale of our ChargeSource products to be on an annual run rate of approximately $25.0 million.

Approximately 78 percent of our call box revenue is derived from agencies of California’s state and local governments. The State of California is currently experiencing severe financial challenges. We believe these challenges have created uncertainty with respect to the spending patterns of our California-based customers. As a result, projects and the related contracts to upgrade and expand certain call box systems have been delayed. While we currently believe that these projects will move ahead during fiscal 2005, we are unable to forecast the timing of such events in the near-term.

Our wireless applications business also includes the ChargeSource family of mobile power products. Designed with the needs of the traveling professional in mind, our ChargeSource mobile power products provide a high level of functionality and compatibility in an industry-leading compact design. Our current and planned product offering consists of universal AC/DC, AC, and DC power adapters designed for the right mix of power output and functionality for most retail, OEM, and enterprise customers. Our ChargeSource products are also universal allowing those who use rechargeable electronic devices to carry just one power adapter. By simply changing the compact SmartTip connected to the end of the charging cable, our universal power adapters are capable of charging and powering multiple target devices, including most notebook computers, cellular telephones, PDAs, and other handheld devices.

Until recently, most notebook computers required no more than 70 watts of power to operate. However, the personal computer industry is currently transitioning to notebook computers with increasing power requirements. As power requirements increase, so does the size of the OEM power adapter sold with each notebook computer. To address this industry wide trend, we have developed a family of high-power ChargeSource products that are compatible with most legacy, current, and planned notebook computers. These new ChargeSource products are able to deliver up to 120 watts of power in a very small form factor. We believe our patented electrical designs will continue to be the basis for even higher-power universal power adapters that are expected to meet evolving global standards, including the planned standards of the European Union (“EU”), and the increasing power requirements of the notebook computer OEMs, and allow us to offer customers cutting edge technology without significantly increasing the size or weight of our products. We also expect these higher-power universal power adapters to continue to be significantly smaller and lighter than their OEM counterpart.

Historically, our ChargeSource mobile power products have been distributed by Targus Group International (“Targus”). During the fourth quarter of fiscal 2004 we terminated our relationship with Targus and entered into a strategic agreement with Belkin Corporation (“Belkin”). Under this agreement Belkin is granted exclusive worldwide distribution rights to distribute our ChargeSource products in several strategic end-market categories including electronic retailers, specialty retailers, OEM third party options and Fortune 1000 corporate customers. However, due to the exclusive nature of our agreement with Belkin, our direct access to certain significant distribution channels has been limited.

On March 20, 2003 and in cooperation with the U.S. Consumer Products Safety Commission (“CPSC”), we voluntarily initiated a product safety recall of our legacy ChargeSource 70-watt universal AC power adapters. This product safety recall impacts approximately 125,000 units that were sold in fiscal 2003. Comarco and Targus entered into an agreement to address the impact of the recall action. Under the terms of the agreement Comarco issued a $3.2 million credit to Targus in fiscal 2003 in consideration of a full release. Of the $3.2 million credit issued to Targus in the fourth quarter of fiscal 2003, qualifying product returns totaling $2.1 million were received from Targus through October 31, 2003. During the third quarter of fiscal 2004, the remaining $1.1 million unused credit was recorded as revenue, consistent with the expiration of the right of return and the term of the agreement. Additionally, in the fourth quarter of fiscal 2003 we accrued $183,000 in costs related to the recall action in cost of revenue. We believe that any additional product recall costs will be minor and any such costs will be expensed as incurred.

The following table setstables set forth certain items as a percentage of revenue from our audited consolidated statements of incomeoperations for fiscal 2005, 2004, 2003, and 2002:2003:

   Years Ended January 31,

 
   

2004

 


  

2003

(Restated)


  

2002

(Restated)


 

Revenue:

          

Products

  85.2% 85.1% 75.4%

Services

  14.8  14.9  24.6 
   

 

 

   100.0  100.0  100.0 
   

 

 

Cost of revenue:

          

Products

  54.2  73.5  36.9 

Services

  9.2  10.6  14.8 
   

 

 

   63.4  84.1  51.7 
   

 

 

Gross profit:

          

Products

  31.0  11.6  38.5 

Services

  5.6  4.3  9.8 
   

 

 

   36.6  15.9  48.3 

Selling, general and administrative expenses

  28.8  24.3  22.6 

Asset impairment charges

    0.6   

Engineering and support expenses

  16.9  14.6  10.1 
   

 

 

Operating income (loss)

  (9.1) (23.6) 15.6 

Other income, net

  0.7  1.1  1.8 

Minority interest in (earnings) loss of subsidiary

  0.1  0.4  (0.1)
   

 

 

Income (loss) from continuing operations before income taxes

  (8.3) (22.1) 17.3 

Income tax expense (benefit)

  (2.9) (8.2) 6.4 
   

 

 

Income (loss) from continuing operations

  (5.4)% (13.9)% 10.9%
   

 

 

 

Consolidated

  Years Ended January 31,

  2005 over
2004
% Change


  2004 over
2003
% Change


 
  2005

  2004

  2003

   
  (In thousands)       
     % of
Revenue


     % of
Revenue


     % of
Revenue


       

Revenue:

                           

Products

 $24,159  83% $29,208  85% $30,372  85% (17%) (4%)

Services

  5,064  17%  5,057  15%  5,314  15% —    (5%)
  


 

 


 

 


 

      
  $29,223  100% $34,265  100% $35,686  100% (15%) (4%)
  


 

 


 

 


 

      

Operating loss

 $(8,207)    $(3,121)    $(8,407)(1)         
  


    


    


         

Loss from continuing operations

 $(10,381)    $(1,842)    $(4,958)         
  


    


    


         

(1)    Includes asset impairment charges totaling $6.9 million.

      

  Years Ended January 31,

 2005 over
2004
% Change


  2004 over
2003
% Change


 
  2005

 2004

 2003

  
  (In thousands)      

Revenue:

                     

Americas

                     

North America

 $15,415   $28,867   $29,575   (47%) (2%)

Others

  6,290    2,033    767   209% 165%

Europe

  7,168    3,105    4,230   131% (27%)

Asia—Pacific

  350    260    1,114   35% (77%)
  

   

   

        
  $29,223   $34,265   $35,686   (15%) (4%)
  

   

   

        

 

Revenue

 

Total revenue forRevenue in fiscal 2004 was $34.3 million compared to $35.7 million for fiscal 2003, a decrease of approximately $1.42005 decreased by $5.0 million, or 4.0 percent. As discussed below,15 percent, over fiscal 2004. This decrease was driven by the decrease isdisruption of our ChargeSource business attributable to decreased salesthe changes in our distribution relationships and our relocation of our wireless application products and services partially offset by increased sales of our WTS products. Total revenue for fiscal 2003 was $35.7 million comparedmanufacturing to $49.6 million for fiscal 2002,China resulting in a decrease of approximately $13.9 million or 28.0 percent. The decrease was due to an $18.1$10.4 million decrease in sales of our WTS products and services,ChargeSource revenue partially offset by a $4.2$5.7 million increase in sales of our wireless applications products and services.

For fiscal 2004 as compared to the prior year, revenue from products decreased 3.8 percent to $29.2 million while revenue from services decreased 4.8 percent to $5.1 million. The product revenue decrease reflects the decreased demand for our call box products, which declined $4.0 million or 67.2 percent, offset by an increase in sales of our WTS products driven by the release of $1.9our newly-developed Seven.Five product platform.

Revenue in fiscal 2004 decreased by $1.4 million, or 21.74 percent, over fiscal 2003. This decrease was driven by a significant decrease in spending by our emergency call box customers resulting in a $3.4 million decrease in revenue partially offset by modest revenue increases achieved by our WTS and an increase in salesChargeSource businesses, of our ChargeSource products of$1.1 million and $0.9 million, or 5.9 percent, including $1.1 million of revenue recognized in the third quarter of fiscal 2004 related to the reversal of an unused recall credit initially recognized in the fourth quarter of fiscal 2003. The services revenue decrease was due to our exit from the engineering services business during the second quarter of fiscal 2003. Revenue from engineering services totaled $0.9 and $7.5 million for fiscal 2003 and 2002, respectively. The fiscal 2004 services revenue decrease was offset by a $600,000 increase in call box service revenue in the current year.

For fiscal 2003 as compared to the prior year, revenue from products decreased 18.8 percent to $30.4 million, while revenue from services decreased 56.3 percent to $5.3 million. The product revenue decrease reflected the softness in the wireless industry and decreased demand for our legacy WTS products, which declined $11.5 million or 56.7 percent, offset by an increase in sales of our ChargeSource products of $3.6 million or 31.1 percent, net of a $3.2 million credit issued to Targus in conjunction with the product safety recall of our 70-watt universal ChargeSource power adapter and a $0.9 million, or 17.9 percent, increase in call box product sales. See the section below titled“ChargeSource Product Safety Recall” for additional discussion. The services revenue decrease was due to our exit from the engineering services business during the second quarter of fiscal 2003.

 

Cost of Revenue and Gross Margin

 

  Years Ended January 31,

  2005 over
2004
% Change


  2004 over
2003
% Change


 
  2005

  2004

  2003

   
  (In thousands)       
    % of
Related
Revenue


    % of
Related
Revenue


    % of
Related
Revenue


       

Cost of revenue:

                        

Products

 $15,474 64% $15,819 54% $16,630 55% (2%) (5%)

Amortization—software development products

  1,971 8%  2,772 10%  2,721 9% (29%) 2%

Asset impairment charges

  —   —     —   —     6,878 22% —    (100%)
  

 

 

 

 

 

      
   17,445 72%  18,591 64%  26,229 86% (6%) (29%)
  

 

 

 

 

 

      

Services

  3,441 68%  3,113 62%  3,768 71% 11% (17%)

Amortization—software development services

  22 —     22 —     11 —    —    100%
  

 

 

 

 

 

      
   3,463 68%  3,135 62%  3,779 71% 11% (17%)
  

 

 

 

 

 

      
  $20,908 72% $21,726 63% $30,008 84% (4%) (28%)
  

    

    

         
  Years Ended January 31,

  2005 over
2004
Change


  2004 over
2003
Change


 
  2005

  2004

  2003 (1)

   
  (In thousands)       

Gross margin:

                        

Products

    28%    36%    14% (8) 22 

Services

    32%    38%    29% (6) 9 

Combined gross margin

    28%    37%    16% (9) 21 

(1)Includes asset impairment charges totaling $6.9 million.

Total

Cost of revenue decreased 6 percent in fiscal 2005 compared to fiscal 2004. Due to significantly lower sales of our ChargeSource products during fiscal 2005, related cost of revenue fordecreased approximately $4.0 million, which was partially offset by a $3.3 million increase in cost of revenue attributable to sales of our WTS products. Gross margin in fiscal 2005 decreased 9 percentage points to 28 percent primarily due to lower sales of our ChargeSource products during fiscal 2005 and the inability to absorb fixed manufacturing and start-up costs attributable to transitioning the production of our ChargeSource products to a contract manufacturer located in China.

Cost of revenue decreased 28 percent in fiscal 2004 decreased $8.3 million or 27.6 percentcompared to $21.7 million.fiscal 2003. As discussed below, we recorded non-recurring charges in the amount of $7.1 million to cost of sales in the prior fiscal year. As a percentage of revenue, gross margin increased to 36.6 percent compared to 35.8 percent, adjusted for non-recurring charges, for fiscal 2003.

Total cost of revenue for fiscal 2003 was $30.0 million compared to $25.7 million for fiscal 2002, an increase of approximately $4.4 million or 17.0 percent. Cost of revenue for fiscal 2003 included a non-cash$5.6 million software development impairment charge and a $1.3 million inventory impairment charge, totaling approximately $1.3charge. Gross margin in fiscal 2004 increased 21 percentage points to 37 percent due to the asset impairment charges of $6.9 million and a $5.6 million non-cash write-off of software development costs. Theserecorded in fiscal 2003. In addition to the asset impairment charges, are attributable to our wireless test solutions business. See the section below entitled “Asset Impairment Charges” for additional discussion. Cost of revenue forWTS business ceased providing engineering services during fiscal 2003, which also included approximately $0.2 million of costs accrued in connection with the product safety recall of our ChargeSource 70-watt universal power adapters. See the section below entitled “ChargeSource Product Safety Recall” for additional discussion. Excluding the inventory impairment, software development write-off and product safety recall charges, totalcontributed to higher cost of revenue for fiscal 2003 was $22.9 million. As a percentage of revenue, gross margin for fiscal 2003 decreased to 35.8 percent compared to 48.3 percent for the prior fiscal year. As discussed below, the decrease in gross margin was primarily due to a change in our mix of business, our exit from engineering services, and the negative effect of significantly reduced sales and decreasing gross margins of our historically higher margin wireless test solution products.

Selling, General and Administrative Expenses

Selling, general and administrative expenses increased $1.2 million or 13.4 percent to $9.8 million in fiscal 2004. The increase was due to legal settlements and related fees in the amount of $2.0 million incurred during the first half of fiscal 2004, partially offset by reductions in other indirect costs and reduced legal fees in the third and fourth quarters of fiscal 2004.

Selling, general and administrative costs for fiscal 2003 were $8.7 million compared to $11.2 million for the prior fiscal year, a decrease of $2.5 million or 22.4 percent. This decrease was due to reduced staffing levels, selling expenses, and incentive compensation driven by significantly reduced sales of our WTS products and services. Additionally, in accordance with SFAS No. 142, “Goodwill and Other Intangible Assets,” beginning in fiscal 2003, we no longer amortized goodwill.

As a percentage of revenue, selling, general and administrative costs were 28.8 percent, 24.3 percent, and 22.6 percent for fiscal 2004, 2003, and, 2002, respectively.2003.

 

Asset Impairment Charges

 

During fiscal 2003, as a response to reduced demand for our legacy 2G WTS products in the wireless marketplace and our strategy of investing available resources in the development of the Seven.Five product platform, we analyzed the carrying value of all assets attributable to our WTS business. Based on this analysis, we recorded asset impairment charges totaling $12.5 million during the second quarter of fiscal 2003. The following table sets forth the impaired assets and corresponding impairment charges (in thousands) for fiscal 2003:

2003 (in thousands):

Property and equipment

  $205

Property and equipment (included in operating expenses)

  $205

Software development costs (included in cost of revenue)

   5,619   5,619

Intangible assets (included in discontinued operations)

   2,583   2,583

Goodwill (included in discontinued operations)

   4,053   4,053
  

  

  $12,460  $12,460
  

  

 

In addition to the asset impairment charges above, an inventory impairment charge totaling $1.3 million was recorded as cost of revenue during fiscal 2003. The above impaired assets, as well as the inventory impairment charge, were exclusively related to our legacy 2G wireless test solutionsWTS products and did not include any assets related to our engineering services business, which ceased operations during the second quarter of fiscal 2003. The exit costs associated with our exit from the engineering services business totaled $151,000.approximately $0.2 million.

 

Operating Costs and Expenses

  Years Ended January 31,

  2005 over
2004
% Change


  2004 over
2003
% Change


 
  2005

  2004

  2003

   
  (In thousands)       
    % of
Revenue


     % of
Revenue


     % of
Revenue


       

Operating expenses:

                          

Selling, general and administrative expenses

 $5,336 18% $6,276  18% $4,562  13% (15%) 38%

Allocated corporate overhead

  3,665 12%  3,572  11%  4,124  11% 3% (13%)

Asset impairment charges

  —   —     —    —     205  1% —    (100%)

Gross engineering and support expenses

  7,521 26%  8,581  25%  8,553  24% (12%) —   

Capitalized software development costs

  —   —     (2,769) (8%)  (3,359) (9%) —    (18%)
  

 

 


 

 


 

      
  $16,522 56% $15,660  46% $14,085  40% 6% 11%
  

 

 


 

 


 

      

Selling, general and administrative expenses decreased approximately $0.9 million, or 15 percent, in fiscal 2005 compared to fiscal 2004 primarily due to legal settlements and related fees incurred in fiscal 2004, totaling approximately $1.8 million, which exceeded similar type costs incurred in fiscal 2005 by approximately $1.4 million. Additionally, bad debt expense decreased $300,000 in fiscal 2005, primarily due to the reversal of previously established reserves for uncollectible ChargeSource Product Safety Recallaccounts receivable which were collected. Offsetting the decrease in legal related expenses and bad debt expense and consistent with increased sales of our WTS products, selling related expenses increased by approximately $0.8 million in fiscal 2005 compared to fiscal 2004.

Selling, general and administrative expenses increased approximately $1.7 million or 38 percent to $6.3 million in fiscal 2004 compared to fiscal 2003. The increase was due to legal settlements and related fees in the amount of $1.8 million incurred during the first half of fiscal 2004, partially offset by reductions in other indirect costs and reduced legal fees in the third and fourth quarters of fiscal 2004.

Allocated corporate overhead consists of salaries and other personnel-related expenses of our accounting and finance, human resources and benefits, and other administrative personnel, as well as professional fees, directors’ fees, and other costs and expenses attributable to being a public company. These costs are typically allocated to our three segments based on each business’s percentage share of total Company costs and expenses. As a percentage of revenue, allocated corporate overhead has remained stable at 11 percent to 12 percent for fiscal 2005, 2004, and 2003. We expect allocated corporate overhead to increase in fiscal 2006 due to the following:

improvements to our IT systems, including implementation of new ERP and CRM applications;

increased consulting and auditing fees due to our required compliance with Sarbanes-Oxley legislation; and

increased incentive compensation as we return to profitability.

Gross engineering and support expenses generally consist of salaries, employer paid benefits, and other personnel related costs of our hardware and software design engineers and testing and product support personnel, as well as facility and IT costs, professional and consulting fees, lab costs, material usages, and travel and related costs incurred in the development and support of our products. Engineering and support expenses decreased approximately $1.1 million, or 12 percent, in fiscal 2005 compared to fiscal 2004. During the first half of fiscal 2004, our WTS business completed the development of our Seven.Five product platform. As a result, we were able to reduce our engineering and support costs in fiscal 2005.

Gross engineering and support expenses were stable for fiscal 2004 and fiscal 2003 and totaled approximately $8.6 million for both fiscal years.

We capitalize costs incurred for the development of software embedded in our WTS products subsequent to establishing technological feasibility. These capitalized costs are subject to an ongoing assessment of recoverability based on anticipated future revenue and changes in hardware and software technologies. Costs that are capitalized include direct labor and related overhead. We did not capitalize any software development costs in fiscal 2005 as we completed the development of the software embedded in our Seven.Five product platform during the first half of fiscal 2004. Currently, we do not expect to capitalize software development costs during fiscal 2006.

Capitalized software development costs totaled approximately $2.8 million and $3.8 million for fiscal 2004 and fiscal 2003, respectively, and are consistent with the timing of the Seven.Five product platform development program.

Other Income, net

 

Other income, net, consists primarily of interest income earned on invested cash balances. Other income, net, was $180,000, $237,000, and $375,000 in fiscal 2005, 2004, and 2003, respectively. The decline in other income is primarily caused by reduced interest income earned on declining cash balances.

Income Tax Expense (Benefit)

Significant management judgment is required in determining our provision for income taxes, our deferred tax assets and liabilities, and any required valuation allowance. During the second quarter of fiscal 2005, we established a valuation allowance totaling approximately $2.9 million, or the entire deferred tax asset balance existing as of the beginning of fiscal 2005, as reclassified. In addition, a full valuation allowance has been provided on all net deferred tax asset additions during fiscal 2005, resulting in a fully reserved net tax asset. This valuation allowance was established based on management’s overall assessment of risks and uncertainties related to our future ability to realize, and hence, utilize certain deferred tax assets, primarily consisting of net operating losses, carry forward temporary differences and future tax deductions resulting from certain types of stock option exercises. Due to the losses of the third and fourth quarters, the adjusted net deferred tax assets remain fully reserved as of January 31, 2005.

During the third quarter of fiscal 2005, we recorded a tax benefit of $446,000 due to the generation of refund claims created upon completion of fiscal 2004 corporate tax returns, which were completed in the third quarter of fiscal 2005.

Wireless Test Solutions (“WTS”)

Revenue

  Years Ended January 31,

  2005 over
2004
% Change


  2004 over
2003
% Change


 
  2005

  2004

  2003

   
  (In thousands)       
     % of
Revenue


     % of
Revenue


     % of
Revenue


       

Revenue:

                           

Products

 $16,475  98% $11,112  100% $9,187  91% 48% 21%

Services

  365  2%  38  —     903  9% 836% (96%)
  


 

 


 

 


 

      
  $16,840  100% $11,150  100% $10,090  100% 51% 11%
  


 

 


 

 


 

      

Operating loss

 $(4,432)    $(2,302)    $(11,374)(1)         
  


    


    


         

(1)    Includes asset impairment charges totaling $6.9 million.

      

  Years Ended January 31,

  2005 over
2004
% Change


  2004 over
2003
% Change


 
  2005

  2004

  2003

   
  (In thousands)       

Revenue:

                           

Americas:

                           

North America

 $3,686     $7,681     $7,678     (52%) —   

Others

  6,290      2,033      742     209% 174%

Europe

  6,861      1,433      1,507     379% (5%)

Asia—Pacific

  3      3      163     —    (98%)
  


    


    


         
  $16,840     $11,150     $10,090     51% 11%
  


    


    


         

Revenue in fiscal 2005 increased by 51 percent compared to fiscal 2004. During the first half of fiscal 2004, we completed development of our Seven.Five product platform and it was available for sale during all of fiscal 2005. Geographically, our customers in the Europe and Latin America/South America regions were furthest along in deploying 3G wireless technologies and, accordingly were the first regions to adopt the new 3G Seven.Five product platform. Revenue from our North America region declined 52 percent due to delays by wireless carriers based in the United States in deploying 3G technologies across their wireless networks.

Revenue in fiscal 2004 increased by 11 percent over fiscal 2003. This increase was due to the availability for sale of our newly-developed Seven.Five product platform, which offset the declining demand for our legacy 2G WTS products. Additionally, fiscal 2003 revenue included approximately $0.9 million for engineering services, which we ceased offering during the second quarter of fiscal 2003.

Cost of Revenue and Gross Margin

  Years Ended January 31,

  2005 over
2004
% Change


  2004 over
2003
% Change


 
  2005

  2004

  2003

   
  (In thousands)       
    % of
Related
Revenue


    % of
Related
Revenue


    % of
Related
Revenue


       

Cost of revenue:

                        

Products

 $8,284 50% $4,192 38% $2,925 32% 98% 43%

Amortization—software development

  1,971 12%  2,772 25%  2,629 29% (29%) 5%

Asset impairment charge

  —   —     —   —     6,878 75% —    (100%)
  

 

 

 

 

 

      
   10,255 62%  6,964 63%  12,432 135% 47% (44%)
  

 

 

 

 

 

      

Services

  28 8%  —   —     937 104% —    (100%)
  

 

 

 

 

 

      
  $10,283 61% $6,964 63% $13,369 132% 48% (48%)
  

    

    

         
  Years Ended January 31,

  2005 over
2004
Change


  2004 over
2003
Change


 
  2005

  2004

  2003 (1)

   
  (In thousands)       

Gross margin:

                        

Products

    38%    37%    (35%) 1  72 

Services

    92%    100%    (4%) (8) 104 

Combined gross margin

    39%    38%    (33%) 1  71 

(1)Includes asset impairment charges totaling $6.9 million.

Driven by increased sales, cost of product revenue in fiscal 2005 increased by 98 percent over fiscal 2004. As a percentage of revenue, cost of product revenue in fiscal 2005 increased by 12 percentage points to 50 percent. This increase was offset by a 13 percentage point decrease in amortization of software development costs. The fiscal 2005 increase in cost of product revenue as a percentage of revenue was due to the following factors:

increased year-over-year sales through SwissQual, our exclusive reseller responsible for product and customer support in our Europe region, which provided reduced net revenue to Comarco on sales of our Seven.Five products as compared to sales made by our direct sales force;

sales of third-party non-core products with lower gross margins; and

decreased absorption of fixed manufacturing overhead attributable to decreased manufacturing activity experienced by our other two segments.

Amortization of previously capitalized software development costs, which totaled approximately $2.0 million in fiscal 2005, is currently expected to be approximately $1.8 million, $1.4 million, and $0.3 million for fiscal 2006, 2007, and 2008, respectively.

Cost of revenue in fiscal 2004 decreased 48 percent over fiscal 2003. Fiscal 2003 cost of revenue included a $5.6 million software development impairment charge and a $1.3 million inventory impairment charge.

Operating Costs and Expenses

  Years Ended January 31,

  2005 over
2004
% Change


  2004 over
2003
% Change


 
  2005

  2004

  2003

   
  (In thousands)       
     % of
Revenue


     % of
Revenue


     % of
Revenue


       

Operating costs and expenses:

                           

Selling, general and administrative expenses

 $3,946  24% $2,145  19% $2,860  28% 84% (25%)

Allocated corporate overhead

  2,084  12%  1,297  12%  1,655  16% 61% (22%)

Asset impairment charges

  —    —     —    —     205  2% —    (100%)

Gross engineering and support expenses

  4,958  29%  5,815  52%  6,734  67% (15%) (14%)

Capitalized software development costs

  —    —     (2,769) (25%)  (3,359) (33%) (100%) (18%)
  

  

 


 

 


 

      
  $10,988  65% $6,488  58% $8,095  80% 69% (20%)
  

  

 


 

 


 

      

Selling, general and administrative expenses generally consist of salaries, employer paid benefits, commissions and other personnel related costs of our sales, marketing and support personnel, facility and IT costs, professional fees, advertising, promotions, printed media, and travel directly attributable to our WTS business. Selling, general and administrative expenses as a percentage of revenue increased 5 percentage points in fiscal 2005 compared to fiscal 2004. Fiscal 2005 includes a $0.4 million charge recognized in settlement of a dispute with a significant customer based in Latin America, as well as a $0.5 million charge for uncollectible accounts receivable. There were no comparable charges in fiscal 2004. Selling, general and administrative expenses increased an additional $0.8 million, or 37 percent, driven by increased selling expenses consistent with our increased sales in fiscal 2005.

Selling, general and administrative expenses decreased approximately $0.7 million, or 25 percent, in fiscal 2004 compared to fiscal 2003. Approximately $0.4 million of the decrease is due to the elimination of engineering services and our revenue assurance product line. The remaining $0.3 million decrease is due primarily to a reduction of administrative personnel.

See the section above entitled “Consolidated” under the caption “Operating Costs and Expenses” for a discussion of allocated corporate overhead.

Gross engineering and support expenses generally consist of salaries, employer paid benefits, and other personnel related costs of our hardware and software design engineers and testing and product support personnel, as well as facility and IT costs, professional and consulting fees, lab costs, material usages, and travel and related costs incurred in the development and support of our WTS business. Engineering and support expenses decreased approximately $0.9 million, or 15 percent, in fiscal 2005 compared to fiscal 2004. As previously discussed, we completed the development of our Seven.Five product platform during the first-half of fiscal 2004 and have entered a maintenance mode with respect to the product platform. As a result, we were able to reduce our engineering and support costs in fiscal 2005 and during the fourth quarter of fiscal 2004.

Engineering and support expenses decreased approximately $0.9 million, or 14 percent, in fiscal 2004 compared to fiscal 2003 due to the completion of the development of our Seven.Five product platform during fiscal 2004.

We capitalize costs incurred for the development of software embedded in our WTS products subsequent to establishing technological feasibility. These capitalized costs are subject to an ongoing assessment of recoverability based on anticipated future revenue and changes in hardware and software technologies. Costs that are capitalized include direct labor and related overhead. We did not capitalize any software development costs in fiscal 2005 as we completed the development of the software embedded in our Seven.Five product platform during the first half of fiscal 2004. Currently, we do not expect to capitalize software development costs during fiscal 2006.

Capitalized software development costs totaled approximately $2.8 million and $3.8 million for fiscal 2004 and 2003, respectively, and are consistent with the timing of the Seven.Five product platform development program. The fiscal 2003 capitalized software development costs includes a $400,000 payment to SwissQual for software integrated into Seven.Five.

Emergency Call Box Systems

   Years Ended January 31,

  2005 over
2004
% Change


  2004 over
2003
% Change


 
   2005

  2004

  2003

   
   (In thousands)       
      % of
Revenue


     % of
Revenue


     % of
Revenue


       

Revenue:

                            

Products

  $1,896  29% $1,945  28% $5,939  57% (3%) (67%)

Services

   4,699  71%  5,019  72%  4,411  43% (6%) 14%
   

  

 

  

 

  

      
   $6,595  100% $6,964  100% $10,350  100% (5%) (33%)
   

  

 

  

 

  

      

Operating income

  $591     $606     $2,465          
   

     

     

          
   Years Ended January 31,

  2005 over
2004
% Change


  2004 over
2003
% Change


 
   2005

  2004

  2003

   
   (In thousands)       

Revenue:

                            

Americas:

                            

North America

  $6,595     $6,962     $10,324     (5%) (33%)

Others

   —        —        26     —    (100%)

Europe

   —        2      —       (100%) —   

Asia—Pacific

   —        —        —       —    —   
   

     

     

          
   $6,595     $6,964     $10,350     (5%) (33%)
   

     

     

          

Revenue

Revenue in fiscal 2005 decreased by 5 percent over fiscal 2004 due to both reduced product sales and services revenue. In fiscal 2004, services were provided to specific call box systems that were in addition to the scope of their respective long-term maintenance contracts. These additional services typically consist of site mitigation, and the removal and relocation of specific call box units. Revenue for these services tends to fluctuate from year to year as evidenced by the fiscal 2005 decrease of 6 percent and the fiscal 2004 increase of 14 percent in services revenue compared to the corresponding prior fiscal years.

Revenue in fiscal 2004 decreased by 33 percent over fiscal 2003 due to reduced product sales. During fiscal 2003, we completed a Text Telephony (“TTY”) call box upgrade for the County of Orange, California, and a system expansion for the Metropolitan Transportation Commission (“MTC”) in California that contributed revenue of $2.5 million and $1.2 million, respectively. In fiscal 2004, we had no similar installation or upgrade projects.

Cost of Revenue and Gross Margin

   Years Ended January 31,

  2005 over
2004
% Change


  2004 over
2003
% Change


 
   2005

  2004

  2003

   
   (In thousands)       
      % of
Related
Revenue


     % of
Related
Revenue


     % of
Related
Revenue


       

Cost of revenue:

                            

Products

  $1,027  54% $1,422  73% $2,961  50% (28%) (52%)
   


 

 


 

 


 

      

Services

   3,413  73%  3,113  62%  2,831  64% 10% 10%

Amortization—software development

   22  —     22  —     11  —    —    100%
   


 

 


 

 


 

      
    3,435  73%  3,135  62%  2,842  64% 10% 10%
   


 

 


 

 


 

      

Asset impairment charge

   —    —     —    —     —    —    —    —   
   


 

 


 

 


 

      
   $4,462  68% $4,557  65% $5,803  56% (2%) (21%)
   


    


    


         
   Years Ended January 31,

  2005 over
2004
Change


  2004 over
2003
Change


 
   2005

  2004

  2003

   
   (In thousands)       

Gross margin:

                            

Products

   46%     27%     50%    19  (23)

Services

   27%     38%     36%    (11) 2 

Combined gross margin

   32%     35%     44%    (3) (9)

Cost of revenue in fiscal 2005 decreased 2 percent over fiscal 2004. As a percentage of revenue, cost of product revenue in fiscal 2005 decreased by 19 percentage points to 54 percent. Fiscal 2004 cost of product revenue included a $0.2 million charge in settlement of a dispute with the Los Angeles SAFE. The remainder of the decrease in fiscal 2005 cost of product revenue is attributable to higher fixed manufacturing costs as a percentage of revenue incurred during fiscal 2004 as compared to fiscal 2005. Cost of service revenue in fiscal 2005 increased 10 percent over fiscal 2004. This increase is attributable to increased material usages and field personnel costs in fiscal 2005.

Cost of revenue in fiscal 2004 decreased 21 percent over fiscal 2003. This decrease is primarily attributable to lower product sales in fiscal 2004 partially offset by the Los Angeles SAFE settlement charge and higher fixed manufacturing costs as a percentage of revenue incurred in fiscal 2004. Cost of service revenue in fiscal 2004 increased 10 percent over fiscal 2003. This increase is attributable to increased service revenue in fiscal 2004.

Operating Costs and Expenses

   Years Ended January 31,

  2005 over
2004
% Change


  2004 over
2003
% Change


 
   2005

  2004

  2003

   
   (In thousands)       
      % of
Revenue


     % of
Revenue


     % of
Revenue


       

Operating expenses:

                            

Selling, general and administrative expenses

  $335  5% $676  10% $720  7% (50%) (6%)

Allocated corporate overhead

   587  9%  606  9%  849  8% (3%) (29%)

Asset impairment charges

   —    —     —    —     —    —    —    —   

Gross engineering and support expenses

   621  9%  519  7%  513  5% 20% 1%

Capitalized software development costs

   —    —     —    —     —    —    —    —   
   

  

 

  

 

  

      
   $1,543  23% $1,801  26% $2,082  20% (14%) (13%)
   

  

 

  

 

  

      

Selling, general and administrative expenses generally consist of salaries, employer paid benefits, commissions and other personnel related costs of our management, inside sales, and administrative personnel, facility and IT costs, professional fees, advertising, promotions, printed media, and travel directly attributable to our call box business. Selling, general and administrative expenses as a percentage of revenue decreased 5 percentage points in fiscal 2005 compared to fiscal 2004. Fiscal 2004 includes a charge for uncollectible accounts receivable and incremental legal fees attributable to the Los Angeles SAFE settlement, as compared to fiscal 2005, totaling approximately $0.2 million. The remainder of the decrease in fiscal 2005 was attributable to lower personnel costs.

Selling, general and administrative expenses as a percentage of revenue increased 3 percentage points in fiscal 2004 compared to fiscal 2003. Excluding the settlement charge and incremental legal fees attributable to the Los Angeles SAFE settlement incurred in fiscal 2004, selling, general and administrative expenses as a percentage of revenue in fiscal 2004 was comparable to fiscal 2003.

See the section above entitled “Consolidated” under the caption “Operating Costs and Expenses” for a discussion of allocated corporate overhead.

Gross engineering and support expenses generally consist of salaries, employer paid benefits, and other personnel related costs of our hardware and software design engineers and testing and product support personnel, as well as facility and IT costs, professional and consulting fees, lab costs, material usages, and travel and related costs incurred in the development and support of our call box business. Engineering and support expenses increased approximately $0.1 million, or 20 percent, in fiscal 2005 compared to fiscal 2004 driven by increased personnel and related costs.

Engineering and support expenses in fiscal 2004 were comparable to fiscal 2003.

Mobile Power Products (“ChargeSource”)

  Years Ended January 31,

  2005 over
2004
% Change


  2004 over
2003
% Change


 
  2005

  2004

  2003

   
  (In thousands)       
     % of
Revenue


     % of
Revenue


    % of
Revenue


       

Revenue:

                          

Products

 $5,788  100% $16,151  100% $15,246 100% (64%) 6%

Services

  —    —     —    —     —   —    —    —   
  


 

 


 

 

 

      
  $5,788  100% $16,151  100% $15,246 100% (64%) 6%
  


 

 


 

 

 

      

Operating income (loss)

 $(4,366)    $(1,425)    $502         
  


    


    

         
  Years Ended January 31,

  2005 over
2004
% Change


  2004 over
2003
% Change


 
  2005

  2004

  2003

   
  (In thousands)       

Revenue:

                          

Americas:

                          

North America

 $5,134     $14,224     $11,573    (64%) 23%

Others

  —        —        —      —    —   

Europe

  307      1,670      2,723    (82%) (39%)

Asia—Pacific

  347      257      950    35% (73%)
  


    


    

         
  $5,788     $16,151     $15,246    (64%) 6%
  


    


    

         
  Years Ended January 31,

  2005 over
2004
% Change


  2004 over
2003
% Change


 
  2005

  2004

  2003

   
  (In thousands)       

Revenue:

                          

Kensington

 $948     $—       $—      100% —   

Belkin

  641      —        —      100% —   

Targus

  4,131      16,151      15,246    (74%) 6%

Other

  68      —        —      100% —   
  


    


    

         
  $5,788     $16,151     $15,246    (64%) 6%
  


    


    

         

Revenue in fiscal 2005 decreased by 64 percent over fiscal 2004. This decrease is attributable to disruption in our business caused by the following initiatives:

replacing Targus and Belkin with Kensington as our exclusive distributor for the retail channels during fiscal 2005;

redesigning our entire ChargeSource product line; and

transitioning all product manufacturing to a contract manufacturer located in China.

While the above initiatives are well underway and designed to enhance our competitiveness in the marketplace, we expect to experience additional, yet decreasing, disruption and ramp-up delays during fiscal 2006.

Revenue in fiscal 2004 increased by 6 percent over fiscal 2003. In fiscal 2004 and in cooperation with the U.S. CPSC, we announced a voluntary product safety recall of approximately 125,000 detachable plugs used on our legacy ChargeSource 70-watt universal AC power adapter. In conjunction with the product safety recall, the Company

Comarco and Targus, the exclusive distributor of the ChargeSource products at that time, entered into an agreement addressing the impact of the recall action. Accordingly, we accrued both a $3.2 million credit due to Targus reducing sales and additional recall costs of approximately $0.2 million classified in cost of revenue in the fourth quarter of fiscal 2003. During the third quarter of fiscal 2004 in conjunction with the expiration of the right of return and the term of the agreement, we recognized the unused portion of the credit in the amount of $1.1 million as revenue.

 

Engineering and Support Expenses

We capitalize costs incurred for the development of software embedded in our wireless test solutions products subsequent to establishing technological feasibility. These capitalized costs are subject to an ongoing assessment of recoverability based on anticipated future revenue and changes in hardware and software technologies. Costs that are capitalized include direct labor and related overhead. Engineering and support costs for fiscal 2004 and 2003 are as follows:

   January 31,

 
   2004

  2003

 
   (In thousands) 

Engineering

  $7,087  $6,147 

Less: Capitalized software development

   (2,769)  (3,359)

Support costs

   1,494   2,406 
   


 


   $5,812  $5,194 
   


 


Engineering and support costs, net of capitalized software development costs, for fiscal 2004 were $5.8 million compared to $5.2 million for the prior fiscal year, an increase of approximately $0.6 million. Gross engineering and support costs, before reduction for capitalized software development costs, remained flat at $8.6 million in comparison to fiscal 2003. Engineering costs increased $0.9 million related to higher staffing levels for the development of our newly released ChargeSource products. Support costs decreased $0.9 million related to reduced staffing levels for the wireless test solutions department, consistent with the development and release of the Seven.Five product family, which operates under a single platform.

Engineering and support costs for fiscal 2003 and 2002 are as follows:

   January 31,

 
   2003

  2002

 
   (In thousands) 

Engineering

  $6,147  $8,418 

Less: Capitalized software development

   (3,359)  (5,471)

Support costs

   2,406   2,056 
   


 


   $5,194  $5,003 
   


 


Engineering and support costs, net of capitalized software development costs, for fiscal 2003 increased 3.8 percent to $5.2 million compared to fiscal 2002. Gross engineering and support costs, before reduction for capitalized software development costs, decreased $1.9 million in comparison to fiscal 2002. This decrease is a result of our strategy of reducing the cost structure supporting our wireless test solutions business and developing a single flexible product platform. Offsetting this cash savings and consistent with the reduction in the number of on-going software development programs, capitalized software development costs decreased $2.1 million resulting in an increase in engineering and support costs, net of capitalized software development costs, of $0.2 million for fiscal 2003 in comparison to the prior fiscal year.

Other Income, net

Other income, net, consisting primarily of interest income, decreased approximately $0.1 million to $0.2 million for fiscal 2004 compared to the prior fiscal year. This decrease was primarily due to lower invested cash balances and reduced interest rates earned on invested cash balances. Other income decreased $0.5 million to $0.4 million for fiscal 2003 compared to fiscal 2002, primarily as a result of lower invested cash balances for much of fiscal 2003.

Income Tax Expense

The effective tax rate for fiscal 2004, 2003, and 2002 was 35.4 percent, 37.2 percent, and 36.8 percent, respectively. The effective tax rate fluctuates due, in part, to fluctuations in the minority interest in (earnings) loss of subsidiary which is not tax effected.

Wireless Test Solutions

   Years Ended January 31,

 
   2004

  

2003

(restated)


  

2002

(restated)


 
   (In thousands) 

Revenue

  $11,150  $10,090  $28,222 

Cost of revenue:

             

Cost of goods sold

   4,192   3,862   10,470 

Software development amortization

   2,772   2,629   2,437 

Inventory impairment and software development write-off

      6,878    
   


 


 


Total cost of revenue

   6,964   13,369   12,907 
   


 


 


Gross profit (loss)

  $4,186  $(3,279) $15,315 
   


 


 


Gross margin

   37.5%  (32.5)%  54.3%
   


 


 


Revenue

Wireless test solutions revenue for fiscal 2004 was $11.2 million compared to $10.1 million for fiscal 2003, an increase of $1.1 million or 10.5 percent. The increase reflects sales of our new product platform, Seven.Five, which was released in the first quarter of fiscal 2004.

Wireless test solutions revenue for fiscal 2003 was $10.1 million compared to $28.2 million for fiscal 2002, a decrease of approximately $18.1 million or 64.2 percent. This decrease primarily reflects the reduced demand for our legacy 2G wireless test solution products, as well as reduced engineering services, which we ceased providing during the second quarter of fiscal 2003. Revenue from engineering services for fiscal 2003 and 2002 totaled $0.9 million and $7.5 million, respectively.

Cost of Revenue and Gross Margin

Wireless test solutions cost of revenue for fiscal 2004 was $7.0 million compared to $13.4 million for fiscal 2003, a decrease of approximately $6.4 million or 47.9 percent. Excluding the inventory impairment charge and software development write-off of $6.9 million recorded in fiscal 2003, gross margin increased 1.8 percent from 35.7 percent to 37.5 percent in fiscal 2004. The increase in margin is attributable to increased absorption of manufacturing overhead expenses and reduced labor costs when viewed as a percentage of revenue, driven by increased sales of our hardware and software tools.

Wireless test solutions cost of revenue for fiscal 2003 was $13.4 million compared to $12.9 million for fiscal 2002, an increase of approximately $0.5 million or 3.6 percent. As discussed above, during fiscal 2003, we recorded non-cash impairment charges totaling approximately $6.9 million. Excluding this asset impairment charge, wireless test solutions cost of revenue for fiscal 2003 was $6.5 million. As a percentage of revenue, gross margin for fiscal 2003 decreased to 35.7 percent compared to 54.3 percent for the prior fiscal year. The decrease in gross margin is primarily due to decreased absorption of fixed costs attributable to dramatically lower revenue.

Wireless Applications

   Years Ended January 31,

 
   2004

  

2003

(restated)


  2002

 
   (In thousands) 

Revenue

  $23,115  $25,596  $21,346 

Cost of revenue:

             

Cost of goods sold

   14,762   16,536   12,596 

Software development amortization

      103   144 
   


 


 


Total cost of revenue

   14,762   16,639   12,740 
   


 


 


Gross profit

  $8,353  $8,957  $8,606 
   


 


 


Gross margin

   36.1%  35.0%  40.3%
   


 


 


Revenue

Wireless applications revenue for fiscal 2004 was $23.1 million compared to $25.6 million for fiscal 2003, a decrease of $2.5 million or 9.7 percent. The decrease is primarily due to decreased call box products revenue of $4.0 million, partially offset by increased call box service revenue of $0.6 million and ChargeSource product sales of $0.9 million. In fiscal 2003 we completed a Text Telephony (“TTY”) call box upgrade for the hearing impaired for the County of Orange, California, and a system expansion for the Metropolitan Transportation Commission (“MTC”) in California that contributed $2.5 and $1.2 million, respectively, to call box product sales. In fiscal 2004, we had no similar installation or upgrade projects. We believe that the current political and financial challenges facing the State of California have adversely impacted our call box product sales.

In the second quarter of fiscal 2004 we began shipping our newest generation ofhigh power ChargeSource products, the 120-watt AC/DC and DC adapters. The increase in ChargeSource product sales of $0.9 million includes the $1.1 million unused recall credit issued to our former distributor in conjunction with the product safety recall of our legacy ChargeSource 70-watt universal AC power adapter.

Wireless applications revenue for fiscal 2003 was $25.6 million compared to $21.3 million for fiscal 2002, an increase of approximately $4.3 million or 20.0 percent. This increase was primarily due to increased sales of our ChargeSource mobile power products. Our combined ChargeSource sales increased approximately $3.6 million to $15.2 million for fiscal 2003, net of the $3.2 million credit issued to our exclusive distributor in conjunction with the product safety recall of our ChargeSource 70-watt universal AC power adapter, as discussed above.

All ChargeSource products were distributed exclusively by Targus under non-cancelable commitments during fiscal years 2004, 2003, and 2002. For fiscal 2004, 2003, and 2002, sales to Targus totaled approximately $15.0 million, $15.2 million, and $11.3 million, respectively. Under our new distributor agreement with Belkin, Belkin has certain non-cancelable commitments to purchase our ChargeSource products. In the event Belkin is unable to perform under these commitments due to its inability to take delivery of ordered products and/or pay for such products in a timely manner, we would be required to establish alternative distribution channels. The financial impact of a material change in our relationship with Belkin cannot be precisely quantified, but we believe that a six-to-twelve month disruption in the distribution of our ChargeSource products would have a negative impact on our revenue and operating results, which could also result in decreased liquidity.

 

Cost of Revenue and Gross Margin

 

   Years Ended January 31,

  2005 over
2004
% Change


  2004 over
2003
% Change


 
   2005

  2004

  2003

   
   (In thousands)       
      % of
Revenue


     % of
Revenue


     % of
Revenue


       

Cost of revenue:

                            

Products

  $6,163  106% $10,205  63% $10,836  71% (40%) (6%)

Amortization—software development

   —    —     —    —     —    —    —    —   
   

  

 

  

 

  

      
    6,163  106%  10,205  63%  10,836  71% (40%) (6%)

Services

   —    —     —    —     —    —    —    —   

Asset impairment charge

   —    —     —    —     —    —    —    —   
   

  

 

  

 

  

      
   $6,163  106% $10,205  63% $10,836  71% (40%) (6%)
   

  

 

  

 

  

      
   Years Ended January 31,

  2005 over
2004
Change


  2004 over
2003
Change


 
   2005

  2004

  2003

   
   (In thousands)       

Gross margin:

                            

Products

      (6%)     37%     29% (43) 8 

Services

      —        —        —    —    —   
       

     

     

      
       (6%)     37%     29% (43) 8 
       

     

     

      

Wireless applications

Driven by decreased sales of our ChargeSource products, cost of revenue forin fiscal 2005 decreased 40 percent over fiscal 2004. As a percentage of revenue, cost of revenue in fiscal 2005 increased by 43 percentage points to 106 percent. Due to the strategic initiatives discussed above and related costs and production delays incurred during fiscal 2005, cost of revenue in fiscal 2005 exceeded revenue. Additionally, during the third quarter of fiscal 2005, we established an inventory reserve totaling approximately $0.5 million to fully reserve undelivered Belkin-branded ChargeSource products. We intend to destroy these legacy products. Once stabilized, we expect our gross margin to be comparable to prior fiscal years.

Cost of revenue in fiscal 2004 was $14.8 million compared to $16.6 million for fiscal 2003, a decrease of $1.9 million or 11.3decreased by 6 percent. As a percentage of revenue, and excluding the recall credit and costs associated with the product safety recall incurred in fiscal 2003, gross margin for fiscal 2004 decreased to 36.1 percent from 43.0 percent. This decrease relates to ramp-up costs associated with the introduction of the ChargeSource 120-watt products.

Wireless applications cost of revenue for fiscal 2003 was $16.6 million63 percent, an 8 percentage point decrease compared to $12.7 million for fiscal 2002, an increase of $3.9 million or 30.1 percent. Excluding the cost of the product safety recall,2003. The decrease in cost of revenue for fiscal 2003 was $16.4 million. Asas a percentage of revenue and excludingwas due to the $3.2 million recall credit and costs associatedrecorded as a reduction in revenue during fiscal 2003 coupled with the product safety$0.2 million in recall gross margincosts accrued as cost of revenue in fiscal 2003.

Operating Costs and Expenses

   Years Ended January 31,

  2005 over
2004
% Change


  2004 over
2003
% Change


 
   2005

  2004

  2003

   
   (In thousands)       
      % of
Revenue


     % of
Revenue


     % of
Revenue


       

Operating expenses:

                            

Selling, general and administrative expenses

  $1,055  18% $3,455  22% $982  6% (69%) 252%

Allocated corporate overhead

   994  17%  1,669  10%  1,620  11% (40%) 3%

Asset impairment charges

   —    —     —    —     —    —    —    —   

Gross engineering and support expenses

   1,942  34%  2,247  14%  1,306  9% (14%) 72%

Capitalized software development costs

   —    —     —    —     —    —    —    —   
   

  

 

  

 

  

      
   $3,991  69% $7,371  46% $3,908  26% (46%) 89%
   

  

 

  

 

  

      

Selling, general and administrative expenses generally consist of salaries, employer paid benefits, commissions and other personnel related costs of our management, sales, marketing and administrative personnel, facility and IT costs, professional fees, advertising, promotions, printed media, and travel directly attributable to our ChargeSource business. Selling, general and administrative expenses as a percentage of revenue decreased 4 percentage points in fiscal 2005 compared to fiscal 2004. Fiscal 2005 includes approximately $0.3 million in credits for the reversal of previously established reserves for uncollectible accounts receivables which were collected. Fiscal 2004 includes approximately $1.7 million in incremental legal, settlement, and related costs, in comparison to fiscal 20032005. There were no comparable costs in fiscal 2005. The remaining decrease is attributable to reserves established for uncollectible accounts receivables in fiscal 2004.

Selling, general and administrative expenses as a percentage of revenue increased 16 percentage points in fiscal 2004 compared to 43.0 percent from 40.3 percent for fiscal 2002.2003. The increase is primarily due to approximately $1.7 million in wireless applications gross marginincremental legal, settlement, and related costs and reserves established for uncollectible accounts receivables totaling approximately $0.5 million. There were no comparable charges in fiscal 2003. The remaining increase is primarily attributable to several higher-margin call box upgrade projects completedsales and marketing salaries and personnel-related costs added during fiscal 2003.2004.

 

See the section above entitled “Consolidated” under the caption “Operating Costs and Expenses” for a discussion of allocated corporate overhead.

Gross engineering and support expenses generally consist of salaries, employer paid benefits, and other personnel related costs of our electrical and mechanical design engineers and testing and product support personnel, as well as facility and IT costs, professional and consulting fees, lab costs, material usages, and travel and related costs incurred in the development and support of our ChargeSource business. Engineering and support expenses decreased approximately $0.3 million, or 14 percent, in fiscal 2005 compared to fiscal 2004. The decrease is primarily due to reduced use of temporary labor and outside design consultants.

Gross engineering and support expenses increased approximately $0.9 million, or 72 percent, in fiscal 2004 compared to fiscal 2003. The increase is primarily due to the addition of engineering design resources, including employees, temporary labor, and outside design consultants, in support of our high-power product development programs.

Discontinued Operations

 

On January 6, 2004, we sold the net assets of theour reporting unit EDX. This reporting unit was formerly included in the wireless test solutions segment, and has been classified as discontinued operations.

 

Income from discontinued operations was $596,000 for fiscal 2004, which includes income from operations of $258,000 on revenue of $1.1 million, plus an after-tax gain of $319,000 on the sale of EDX. The loss from discontinued operations for fiscal 2003 and 2002 was $5.2 million and $324,000, respectively. The loss from discontinued operations for fiscal 2003 included the asset impairment charges in the amount of $6.6 million to write-off the goodwill and intangible assets related to the EDX reporting unit. These charges were offset by a $1.1 million tax benefit. Excluding these items income from discontinued operations would have been $300,000 in fiscal 2003. The loss from discontinued operations for fiscal 2002 included amortization of EDX related goodwill and intangible assets in the amount of $700,000. Excluding amortization expense, income from discontinued operations would have been $100,000 in fiscal 2002.

 

Restatement of Previously Issued Financial Statements

The Company has restated its previously issued financial statements for the items described below:

Estimated employee bonuses were accrued at the end of the fiscal 2003. Prior to the filing of the Company’s fiscal 2003 Form 10-K, the Compensation Committee of the Board of Directors decreased the estimated bonus award by approximately $600,000 but the Company did not adjust the bonus accrual. The fiscal 2003 operating results have been restated to reflect reduced bonus expense of $600,000. The restatement adjustment was allocated between selling, general and administrative costs and engineering and product support costs in the amount of $400,000 and $200,000, respectively.

Prior to the 2004 fiscal year, the Company allocated revenue from the sales of its wireless test solutions products between the product and first year maintenance using an estimate of the fair value of such maintenance as a percentage of the total sales price. The Company has determined that the fair value of the first year maintenance based on vendor specific objective evidence was higher than the previously estimated percentage, 10 percent versus 5 percent. See note 3 for a further discussion of the Company’s revenue recognition policies. The fiscal 2003 and 2002 financial statements have been restated using the actual fair value of the first year maintenance as a percentage of the total sales price. The effect of the restatement was to increase revenue in fiscal 2003 and 2002 by $187,000 and $216,000, respectively. The restatement attributable to this matter also decreased January 31, 2001 retained earnings by $497,000.

During fiscal 2001, the Company completed the sale of its defense and commercial staffing businesses. The sales and operations of the businesses sold were reported as discontinued operations. At the time of the sale, the Company recognized liabilities for contingencies and various costs associated with exiting these businesses. The Company has now concluded that the reserves for contingencies recognized during fiscal 2001 and earlier periods did not satisfy the probable and reasonably estimable criteria applicable to accounting for such contingencies. Accordingly, January 31, 2001 retained earnings has been restated and increased by $474,000, net of tax expense of $273,000. The Company also did not adjust these accrued liabilities for subsequent changes in the original estimates of the costs associated with exiting the discontinued businesses. The Company has restated its fiscal 2003 and 2002 financial statements to reflect changes in the estimated costs of exiting the discontinued operations. The pre-tax effect of the restatement adjustments has been to decrease the loss from discontinued operations in fiscal 2003 and 2002 by $37,000 and $86,000, respectively.

During fiscal 2003, the Company recorded the costs attributable to collecting a note which was received during fiscal 2001 as partial consideration for the sale of its commercial staffing business. These costs, which included the write-off of principal and accrued interest, and legal fees, totaled approximately $341,000 and were charged against various divestiture liabilities originally recognized at the time of the sale. The fiscal 2003 financial statements have been restated to recognize these costs as a bad debt expense charged against continuing operations which is included in selling, general and administrative expenses.

During fiscal 2003, the Company recorded estimated losses associated with the recall of its legacy ChargeSource 70-watt universal AC power adapter. Included in the estimated loss were costs attributable to a third-party service bureau engaged to administer the Company’s recall efforts. These specific costs should have been charged to expense as incurred. Accordingly, the fiscal 2003 financial statements have been restated to reduce the estimated cost of the recall recorded during fiscal 2003. This restatement had the effect of reducing fiscal 2003 cost of revenue by $371,000.

During fiscal 2003, the Company recognized a $2,926,000 million transitional adjustment, net of tax of zero, for the cumulative effect of a change in accounting principle upon the adoption of SFAS No. 142, “Goodwill and Other Intangible Assets.” This transitional adjustment was attributable to the Company’s EDX reporting unit. The Company has since determined that the amount recognized as the cumulative effect of a change in accounting principle should have been reported as a fiscal 2003 goodwill impairment and reflected in fiscal 2003 continuing operations. The fiscal 2003 financial statements have been restated accordingly. During fiscal 2004, the Company sold the net assets of the EDX reporting unit. Accordingly, all of the current and prior operations of that reporting unit have been reclassified to discontinued operations, including the aforementioned goodwill impairment change (see note 6).

Effective the beginning of fiscal 2003 and in conjunction with the implementation of SFAS No. 142, the Company re-evaluated the useful lives of its identifiable intangible assets, including acquired algorithms with a net book value of $255,000 and an original historical cost basis of $1 million. Prior to the adoption of SFAS No. 142, the software algorithms were being amortized over five years. Upon the adoption of SFAS No. 142, it was initially concluded that the software algorithms had an indefinite useful life and therefore were not subject to amortization, but rather, a periodic evaluation for impairment. It has now been concluded that the original useful life of five years should have been applied after the adoption of SFAS No. 142. As a result, fiscal 2003 results of operations are being restated to reflect additional amortization expense of $200,000. The remaining $55,000 in net book value of the software algorithms as of January 31, 2003 was amortized to expense during the first half of fiscal 2004.

During the fourth quarter of fiscal 2001, the Company acquired all of the outstanding stock of EDX Engineering, Inc. Approximately $3.2 million of the purchase price was allocated to identifiable intangible assets with a tax basis of zero. At the time, the Company did not record the required deferred tax liability of $1,268,000 related to the temporary difference between the financial reporting book value and the tax basis. Such an entry also would have resulted in a corresponding increase to goodwill of $1,268,000. The financial statements have been restated to reflect the effects of recording the incremental increase to deferred tax liabilities and goodwill at the time EDX was acquired. As a consequence, amortization expense and deferred tax benefit have increased by $141,000 during the 2002 fiscal year. Upon the adoption of SFAS No. 142 at the beginning of fiscal 2003, amortization of goodwill ceased. During the second quarter of fiscal 2003, the EDX goodwill and identifiable intangibles were determined to be fully impaired and were written off. As a consequence, the restated fiscal year 2003 financial statements reflect an additional charge to write-off the incremental net book value of goodwill of $1,127,000. This incremental charge was offset by incremental deferred tax benefit of $1,127,000. During the 2004 fiscal year, EDX was sold and reported as a discontinued operation. Accordingly, the incremental effects of the restatements adjustments described in this paragraph have been reclassified to discontinued operations.

During the second quarter of fiscal 2003, the Company wrote off $5,619,000 of capitalized software costs. The write off was originally recorded to a line item labeled “Asset impairment charges.” The 2003 financial statements have been restated to reclassify the $5,619,000 write-off of capitalized software to cost of revenue.

As a result of the foregoing adjustments, income tax expense for continuing operations for fiscal 2003 and 2002 (including the tax benefit of $1,127,000 described in the preceding paragraph related to EDX) has been decreased by $902,000 and $62,000, respectively. Income tax expense for discontinued operations for fiscal 2003 and 2002 has been decreased by $1.1 million and $172,000, respectively. The impact of the income tax adjustments on fiscal 2001 and prior years, decreased January 31, 2001 retained earnings by $92,000.

Presented below are tables which present the impact of these adjustments to amounts previously reported for fiscal 2003 and 2002:

Fiscal 2003 Statement of Operations

   As previously
reported


  Restatement
adjustments


  Reclassification
for
discontinued
operations


  As restated

 

Revenue

  $36,836  $187  $(1,337) $35,686 

Cost of revenue

   24,573   5,448   (13)  30,008 
   


 


 


 


Gross profit

   12,263   (5,261)  (1,324)  5,678 

Selling, general and administrative expenses

   9,052   (59)  (307)  8,686 

Asset impairment charges

   8,407   (1,566)  (6,636)  205 

Engineering and support expenses

   5,936   (200)  (542)  5,194 
   


 


 


 


Operating income (loss)

   (11,132)  (3,436)  6,161   (8,407)

Other income, net

   375         375 

Minority interest

   141         141 
   


 


 


 


Loss from continuing operations before income taxes

   (10,616)  (3,436)  6,161   (7,891)

Income tax expense (benefit)

   (2,984)  (902)  953   (2,933)
   


 


 


 


Loss from continuing operations

   (7,632)  (2,534)  5,208   (4,958)

Discontinued operations

      23   (5,208)  (5,185)
   


 


 


 


Loss before cumulative effect of accounting change

   (7,632)  (2,511)     (10,143)

Cumulative effect of accounting change

   (2,926)  2,926       
   


 


 


 


Net loss

  $(10,558) $415  $  $(10,143)
   


 


 


 


Basic income (loss) per common share:

                 

Loss from continuing operations

  $(1.09) $(0.36) $0.74  $(0.71)

Discontinued operations

         (0.74)  (0.74)

Cumulative effect of accounting change

   (0.42)  0.42       
   


 


 


 


Net income (loss)

  $(1.51) $0.06  $  $(1.45)
   


 


 


 


Diluted income (loss) per common share:

                 

Loss from continuing operations

  $(1.09) $(0.36) $0.74  $(0.71)

Discontinued operations

         (0.74)  (0.74)

Cumulative effect of accounting change

   (0.42)  0.42       
   


 


 


 


Net income (loss)

  $(1.51) $0.06  $  $(1.45)
   


 


 


 


Summarized below are the balance sheet accounts at January 31, 2003 which changed as a result of the restatement.

January 31, 2003 Balance Sheet

   As previously
reported


  As restated

Other current assets

  $1,391  $951

Total current assets

   37,621   37,188

Intangible assets, net

   706   506

Total assets

   50,955   50,315

Deferred Revenue

   3,552   3,647

Accrued liabilities

   5,845   4,243

Total current liabilities

   12,093   10,688

Retained earnings

   25,518   26,283

Stockholders’ equity

   37,421   38,186

Total liabilities and stockholders equity

   50,955   50,315

Summarized below are the changes to the fiscal 2002 statement of operations as a result of the restatement and the reclassification for discontinued operations resulting from the disposal of EDX.

Fiscal 2002 Statement of Operations

   As previously
reported


  Restatement
adjustment


  Reclassification
for
discontinued
operations


  As restated

 

Revenue

  $51,007  $216  $(1,655) $49,568 

Cost of revenue

   25,673      (26)  25,647 
   


 


 


 


Gross profit

   25,334   216   (1,629)  23,921 

Selling, general and administrative expenses

   12,680   141   (1,626)  11,195 

Asset impairment charges

             

Engineering and support expenses

   5,744      (741)  5,003 
   


 


 


 


Operating income

   6,910   75   738   7,723 

Other income, net

   909         909 

Minority interest

   (50)        (50)
   


 


 


 


Income from continuing operations before income taxes

   7,769   75   738   8,582 

Income tax expense (benefit)

   2,859   (62)  359   3,156 
   


 


 


 


Income from continuing operations

   4,910   137   379   5,426 

Discontinued operations

      55   (379)  (324)
   


 


 


 


Net income

  $4,910  $192  $  $5,102 
   


 


 


 


Basic income per common share:

                 

Income from continuing operations

  $0.70  $0.02  $0.05  $0.77 

Discontinued operations

      0.01   (0.05)  (0.04)
   


 


 


 


Net income

  $0.70  $0.03  $  $0.73 
   


 


 


 


Diluted income per common share:

                 

Income from continuing operations

  $0.66  $0.02  $0.05  $0.73 

Discontinued operations

         (0.05)  (0.05)
   


 


 


 


Net income

  $0.66  $0.02  $  $0.68 
   


 


 


 


Retained earnings at January 31, 2001 as previously reported was decreased by $158,000 as a result of the restatement adjustments described herein.

The restatement had no effect on net cash provided by or used in operating, investing or financing activities for fiscal 2003 or 2002.

Liquidity and Capital Resources

 

Our financial position remains strong, with cash and cash equivalentsThe following table is a summary of $15.0 million asour Consolidated Statements of January 31, 2004 and no outstanding debt.Cash Flows:

   Years Ended January 31,

 
   2005

  2004

  2003

 
   (In thousands) 

Cash provided by (used in):

             

Operating activities

  $(2,139) $(6,406) $10,295 

Investing activities

   (1,333)  (4,426)  (6,215)

Financing activities

   370   470   220 

Discontinued operations

   325   24   (199)

 

Cash Flows from Operating Activities

 

Cash used in operating activities for fiscal 2005 was $6.4 million for the year ended January 31, 2004 compared to cash provideddriven by operating activities of $10.3 million for the year ended January 31, 2003. Oura net loss from continuing operations of $10.4 million, offset by $4.5 million of non-cash charges for depreciation and amortization, $2.9 million non-cash charge to fully reserve our deferred tax asset, $0.3 million non-cash charge for doubtful accounts, and a net change in operating assets and liabilities that resulted in a $0.5 million increase in cash flow. Within the net change in operating assets and liabilities, decreased sales resulted in a decrease in accounts receivable and due from affiliate, increasing cash flow by $5.0 million, which was offset by a $2.3 million increase in inventory and a $1.7 million increase in deferred revenue.

Accounts receivable as of January 31, 2005 includes approximately $1.0 million due from Targus and its affiliates. The entire amount is currently past due. Of the $1.0 million due, $280,000 is reserved, which represents the most severely delinquent balances due from Targus Europe and Targus Australia, which have historically been more difficult for us to collect. Targus was the exclusive distributor of our ChargeSource products through January 2004, at which time they were removed as the exclusive distributor. Throughout fiscal 2005, we continued to honor our obligations under non-cancelable and non-returnable purchase orders placed by Targus and accepted by Comarco through the first quarter of fiscal 2005 in an attempt to affect an orderly wind-down of the relationship. During December 2004, Targus ceased making payments to Comarco for product shipped under an open book account.

In an effort to collect amounts owed us, on March 16, 2005, we filed a complaint against Targus seeking recovery of amounts due. While Comarco believes this action is meritorious, this matter is in the very early stages and any loss of the amounts owed to Comarco that may result from the outcome of this matter is not determinable or estimable. Should we not prevail in this matter, our anticipated cash flows from operations in fiscal 2006 will be reduced correspondingly.

Additionally, as of January 31, 2005, approximately $2.1 million of accounts receivable was due from TIM Cellular S.A., of which approximately $549,000 is reserved, which represents the most severely delinquent balances. Such amount represents 35 percent of gross accounts receivable on that date and a substantial portion became past due on March 1, 2005. As of April 25, 2005, $1.3 million of this balance has been collected.

We increased our inventory balance in fiscal 2005 by approximately $2.3 million in support of expected demand for all our products. As discussed above, we are transitioning the manufacturing of our ChargeSource products from in-house to a contract manufacturer located in China. In support of this effort, we have procured long-lead and other electrical components in accordance with our planned production plan. It is our current strategy to have our contract manufacturer build ChargeSource products under a turnkey model, whereby the contract manufacture procures all necessary components directly from our existing supply base and we simply procure the finished good from the contract manufacturer. We are currently transitioning to this model and have begun selling our inventory to the contract manufacturer to avoid component lead time delays. During the first quarter of fiscal 2006, we received the first purchase orders for our component inventory, totaling approximately $0.6 million, from our contract manufacturer.

Cash used in operating activities for fiscal 2004 was driven by a net loss from continuing operations of $1.8 million, offset by $5.2 million of non-cash charges for depreciation and amortization, $1.0 million non-cash income tax benefit that resulted in fiscal 2004, coupled witha decrease in cash flow, and a net change in operating assets and liabilities that resulted in a $9.3 million decrease in cash flow. Within the fact thatnet change in operating assets and liabilities, increased sales increased in the second half of the fiscal year, causing2004 resulted in an increase in accounts receivable and due from affiliate, decreasing cash flow by $10.3 million. In fiscal 2004, we increased inventory levels to increase $8.3 million. Additionally, inventory increased $2.1meet anticipated demand, resulting in a $2.2 million reflecting increased purchases to fill our back log of orders.decrease in cash flow. These uses ofdecreases in cash flow were offset by increases in currentoperating liabilities of $3.2$2.7 million.

Cash provided by operating activities is primarily derived from the sale of our products. Cash provided by operating activities was $10.3 million and $8.1 million for the years ended January 31, 2003 and 2002, respectively.

Early in fiscal 2004 and in cooperation with the U.S. CPSC, we announced a voluntary product safety recall of approximately 125,000 detachable plugs used on our ChargeSource 70-watt universal AC power adapter. The detachable AC plug can crack if the plug’s swivel connector is extended beyond the 90 degrees of allowed rotation, creating the potential for electric shock. To date, no injuries have been reported.

In conjunction with the product safety recall, the Company and Targus entered into an agreement addressing the impact of the recall action. Due to the recall action and the agreement with Targus, we accrued a $3.2 million credit to Targus as a reduction of sales and additional recall costs of approximately $0.2 million classified in cost of revenue in the fourth quarter of fiscal 2003. The credit to Targus was based on unsold and unopened units in the distribution channel expected to be returned to us within a six-month period. The accrued additional recall costs were related to replacing AC plugs in the hands of consumers.

 

Cash Flows from Investing Activities

 

Net cash used in investing activities was $4.4We purchased $1.3 million for fiscal 2004 compared to $6.2 million for fiscal 2003 and $8.7 million for fiscal 2002. In all periods, capital expenditures forof property and equipment acquisitions,in fiscal 2005, compared to $1.7 million in fiscal 2004, and software development constituted substantially all$2.1 million in fiscal 2003. The decrease in fiscal 2005 is primarily due to transitioning manufacturing of our cash usedChargeSource products from in-house to a contract manufacturer located in investing activities. China. Accordingly, we no longer have requirements to acquire, upgrade, and maintain ChargeSource production equipment.

The development of software is critical to our products currently under development.WTS products. During the first half of fiscal 2004, we completed the development of our Seven.Five product platform, which is compatible with all 2G, 2.5G, and 3G wireless technologies. During fiscal 2005 and subsequent to the completion of the development program, we transitioned into a maintenance mode. Accordingly, we capitalized no software development costs in fiscal 2005. In fiscal 2004 and 2003, we capitalized software development costs of $2.8 million and $3.8 million, respectively. Currently, we do not expect to capitalize any software development in fiscal 2006 due to the recent release of our Seven.Five product platform, a modular solution for all wireless carriers irrespective of the wireless technologies deployed by each carrier. In conjunction with the development and maintenance of Seven.Five, we expended $0.1 million, $0.5 million, and $0.5 million in fiscal 2005, 2004, and 2003, respectively, on rights to various wireless technologies.

 

On January 6, 2004, we sold the net assets of theour EDX reporting unit EDX for $0.6 million in cash and recognized a gain of $0.5 million.

On July 31, 2001, we acquired an 18 percent equity stake in SwissQual for $1.0 million in cash. Based in Zuchwil, Switzerland, SwissQual is a developer of voice quality systems and software for measuring, monitoring, and optimizing the quality of mobile, fixed, and IP-based voice and data communications. Under this alliance, Comarco and SwissQual will jointly develop, sell, and support wireless network quality of service and optimization products for the European marketplace. In addition to expanding our access to European wireless carriers, SwissQual will provide domain expertise and development guidance in the evolution of 2.5G and 3G system test solutions.

 

Cash Flows from Financing Activities

 

Net cash provided by financing activities was $0.4 million in fiscal 2005, $0.5 million forin fiscal 2004, and $0.2 million forin fiscal 2003 compared to net cash used in financing activities of $2.2 million for2003. In fiscal 2002. In all periods,2005 proceeds from the sales of common stock issued through employee and director stock option plans constituted all of our cash flows from financing activities. In fiscal 2004 and 2003 proceeds form the sales of common stock issued through employee and director stock option plans, offset by the repurchase of our common stock, constituted substantially all of our cash flows from financing activities.

 

During 1992, our Board of Directors authorized a stock repurchase program of up to 3.0 million shares of our common stock. From program inception through January 31, 2004, we repurchased approximately 2.6 million shares for an average price of $8.22 per share. During fiscal 2004, we repurchased approximately 26,000 shares in the open market for an average price of $7.61 per share. During fiscal 2005, we had no stock repurchases.

We believe that our existing cash and cash equivalent balances will provide us sufficient funds to satisfy our cash requirements for at least the next twelve months. In addition to our cash and cash equivalent balances, we expect to derive a portion of our liquidity from our cash flows from operations. As discussed above, certain factors and events could negatively affect our cash flows from operations, including:

 

Due to the uncertainties associated with the spending patterns of our customers and the corresponding demand for our WTS products, we have experienced and expect to continue to experience significant fluctuations in demand. Such fluctuations have caused and may continue to cause significant reductions in revenue, and operating results, and cash flows.

We rely exclusively on SwissQual to sell to and support customers in a very important region, Europe. Should SwissQual sales decrease or if their ability to pay for our products becomes impaired, our revenue, operating results, and cash flows would be negatively impacted.

 

In the event Targus or Belkin,Kensington, the distributorsdistributor of our ChargeSource products, areis unable to perform under their non-cancelable commitments due to their inability to take delivery of the products and/or pay for such products in a timely manner, we would be required to establish alternative distribution channels. Such significant change would negatively impact our revenue, operating results, and cash flows.

Should the contract manufacturer of our ChargeSource products not purchase our inventory at the level currently anticipated, our operating results and cash flows would be negatively impacted.

If we are unable to collect the $1.0 million owed by Targus and affiliates, our operating results and cash flows would be negatively impacted.

If we are unable to collect the remaining $0.8 million owed by TIM Cellular S.A., our operating results and cash flows would be negatively impacted.

 

We are focused on preserving our cash balances by continuously monitoring expenses, identifying cost savings, and investing only in those development programs and products most likely to contribute to our profitability.

 

Contractual Obligations

 

In the course of our business operations, we incur certain commitments to make future payments under contracts such as operating leases and purchase orders. Payments under these contracts are summarized as follows as of January 31, 20042005 (in thousands):

 

  Payments due by Period

  Payments due by Period

  Less than
1 year


  

1 to 3

years


  

3 to 5

years


  Less than
1 year


  1 to 3
years


  3 to 5
years


  Total

Operating lease obligations

  $601  $365  $11  $576  $405  $—    981

Purchase obligations

   1,383   —     —     4,274   —     —    4,274
  

  

  

  

  

  

  
  $1,984  $365  $11  $4,850  $405  $—    5,255
  

  

  

  

  

  

  

Recent Accounting Pronouncements

 

In January 2003,December 2004, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) issued SFAS No. 123R, “Share-Based Payment,” which revised SFAS No. 123, “Accounting for Stock-Based Compensation.” This statement supersedes APB Opinion No. 25 (“APB No. 25”), “Accounting for Stock Issued to Employees.” The revised statement addresses the accounting for share-based payment transactions with employees and other third parties, eliminates the ability to account for share-based compensation transactions using APB No. 25, and requires that the compensation costs relating to such transactions be recognized in the consolidated statement of operations. The revised statement is effective as of the first fiscal year beginning after June 15, 2005. We will adopt the

statement on February 1, 2006 as required. We are allowed to select from two alternative transition methods, each having different reporting implications. We have not completed our evaluation of the methods of adopting SFAS No. 123R. Accordingly, the impact of adoption of SFAS No. 123R cannot be predicted at this time because it will depend on the method of adoption selected and on levels of share-based payments granted in the future.

In December 2004, the FASB issued InterpretationSFAS No. 46, “Consolidation153, “Exchanges of Variable Interest Entities, Nonmonetary Assets—an interpretationamendment of ARBAPB Opinion No. 51.29.This Interpretation addressesSFAS No. 153 amends the consolidation by business enterprisesguidance in APB Opinion No. 29 (“APB No. 29”), “Accounting for Nonmonetary Transactions,” based on the principle that exchanges of variable interest entitiesnonmonetary assets should be measured based on the fair value of the assets exchanged. The guidance in that Opinion, however, included certain exceptions to that principle. SFAS No. 153 amends APB No. 29 to eliminate the exception for nonmonetary exchanges of similar productive assets and replaces it with a general exception for exchanges of nonmonetary assets that do not have commercial substance. A nonmonetary exchange has commercial substance if the future cash flows of the entity are expected to change significantly as defineda result of the exchange. The provisions of SFAS No. 153 are effective for nonmonetary asset exchanges occurring in the Interpretation.fiscal periods beginning after June 15, 2005. The Interpretation applies immediatelyprovisions of SFAS No. 153 are not expected to variable interests in variable interest entities created after January 31, 2003, and to variable interests in variable interest entities obtained after January 31, 2003. The application of this Interpretation did not have a material effect on our consolidated financial statements. The Interpretation requires certain disclosures in financial statements issued after January 31, 2003 if it is reasonably possible that we will consolidate or disclose information about variable interest entities when the Interpretation becomes effective. In October, 2003 the FASB deferred the effective date of this Interpretation for pre-existing variable interest entities to no later than February 2004. The Company has no variable interest entities that would require disclosure or consolidations under FIN No. 46.

 

In December 2003,November 2004, the FASB issued a revision to FIN No. 46 (FIN No. 46-R), which incorporated the October 2003 deferral provisions and clarified and revised accounting guidance for all variable interest entities. All variable interest entities, regardless of when created, are required to be evaluated under FIN No. 46-R no later than the first interim or annual reporting period ending after March 15, 2004. The Company does not expect the adoption of FIN No. 46-R will have a material impact on its consolidated financial statements. The Company has no variable interest entities that would require consolidation or disclosure.

In May 2003, FASB issued SFAS No. 150, “Accounting for Certain Financial Instruments with Characteristics151, “Inventory Costs—an amendment of both Liabilities and Equity.ARB No. 43, Chapter 4.” SFAS No. 150 establishes standards151 amends the guidance in ARB No. 43, Chapter 4, “Inventory Pricing,” to clarify the accounting for how an issuer classifiesabnormal amounts of idle facility expense, freight, handling costs, and measures certain financial instruments with characteristicswasted material (spoilage). This statement requires that those items be recognized as current-period charges. In addition, SFAS No. 151 requires that allocation of both debt and equity and requires an issuerfixed production overheads to classify the following instruments as liabilities in its balance sheet:

A financial instrument issued incosts of conversion be based on the form of shares that is mandatorily redeemable and embodies an unconditional obligation that requires the issuer to redeem it by transferring its assets at a specified or determinable date or upon an event that is certain to occur;

A financial instrument, other than an outstanding share, that embodies an obligation to repurchase the issuer’s equity shares, or is indexed to such an obligation, and requires the issuer to settle the obligation by transferring assets; and

A financial instrument that embodies an unconditional obligation that the issuer must settle by issuing a variable number of its equity shares if the monetary valuenormal capacity of the obligation is based solely or predominantly on (1) a fixed monetary amount, (2) variations in something other than the fair value of the issuer’s equity shares, or (3) variations inversely related to changes in the fair value of the issuer’s equity shares.

Certainproduction facilities. The provisions of SFAS No. 150151 are effective immediately. However, generally SFAS No. 150 is effective for financial instruments as of the first interim periodinventory costs incurred during fiscal years beginning after DecemberJune 15, 2004. SFAS No. 150 is to be implemented by reporting2005. We are currently evaluating the cumulative effect of a change in accounting principle. The Company does not expectthat the adoption of SFAS No. 150151 will have a material impact on itsour consolidated financial statements.

ITEM 7A.ITEM 7A.QUANTITATIVE AND QUALITATIVE DISCLOSURES ABOUT MARKET RISK

 

Currency Risk

 

We are exposed to the risk of changes in currency exchange rates. As of January 31, 2004,2005, we had no material accounts receivable denominated in foreign currencies. Our standard terms require customers to pay for our products and services in U.S. dollars. For those orders denominated in foreign currencies, we may limit our exposure to losses from foreign currency transactions through forward foreign exchange contracts. To date, sales denominated in foreign currencies have not been significant and we have not entered into any foreign exchange contracts.

 

Interest Rate Sensitivity

 

The primary objective of our investment activities is to preserve principal while at the same time maximizing the income we receive from our investments without significantly increasing risk. Some of the securities that we have invested in may be subject to market risk. This means that a change in prevailing interest rates may cause the principal amount of the investment to fluctuate. For example, if we hold a security that was issued with a fixed interest rate at the then-prevailing rate and the prevailing interest rate later rises, the principal amount of our investment will probably decline in value. To minimize this risk, we maintain a significant portion of our cash balances in money market funds. In general, money market funds are not subject to interest rate risk because the interest paid on such funds fluctuates with the prevailing interest rate.

 

We do not hold any derivative financial instruments.

 

Our cash and cash equivalents have maturities dates of three months or less and the fair value approximates the carrying value in our financial statements.

Equity Price Risk

 

Our short-term investments consist of balances maintained in a non-qualified deferred compensation plan funded by our executives and directors. We value these investments using the closing market value for the last day of each month. These investments are subject to market price volatility. We reflect these investments on our balance sheet at their market value, with the unrealized gains and losses excluded from earnings.reflected as adjustments to both short-term investments and the deferred compensation liability. We have also invested in equity instruments of SwissQual, a privately held company. We evaluate whether any decline in value of certain public and non-public equity investments was other than temporary. We had no such impairments during fiscal 2004.2005.

 

Due to the inherent risk associated with some of our investments, and in light of current stock market conditions, we may incur future losses on the sales, write-downs, or write-offs of our investments. We do not currently hedge against equity price changes.

ITEM 8.ITEM 8.FINANCIAL STATEMENTS AND SUPPLEMENTARY DATA

 

COMARCO, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

INDEX TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

 

   Page

Report of Independent Auditors’ ReportRegistered Public Accounting Firm—BDO Seidman, LLP

  3343

Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm—KPMG LLP

44

Financial Statements:

   

Consolidated Balance Sheets, January 31, 20042005 and 20032004

  3445

Consolidated Statements of Operations, Years Ended January 31, 2005, 2004, 2003, and 20022003

  3546

Consolidated Statements of Stockholders’ Equity, Years Ended January 31, 2005, 2004, 2003, and 20022003

  3647

Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows, Years Ended January 31, 2005, 2004, 2003, and 20022003

  3748

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements

  3849

Schedule II — II—Valuation and Qualifying Accounts, Years Ended January 31, 2005, 2004 and 2003

  6777

 

All other schedules are omitted because the required information is not present in amounts sufficient to require submission of the schedule or because the information required is included in the consolidated financial statements or the notes thereto.

REPORT OF INDEPENDENT REGISTERED PUBLIC ACCOUNTING FIRM

 

The Board of Directors and Stockholders

Comarco, Inc.:

We have audited the accompanying consolidated balance sheet of Comarco, Inc. as of January 31, 2005, and the related consolidated statements of operations, stockholders’ equity and cash flows for the year ended January 31, 2005. We have also audited the fiscal 2005 information in the schedule listed in the accompanying index. These consolidated financial statements and schedule are the responsibility of the Company’s management. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on these consolidated financial statements and schedule based on our audit.

We conducted our audit in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States). Those standards require that we plan and perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the consolidated financial statements and schedule are free of material misstatement. The Company is not required to have, nor were we engaged to perform, an audit of its internal control over financial reporting. Our audit includes consideration of internal control over financial reporting as a basis for designing audit procedures that are appropriate in the circumstances, but not for the purpose of expressing an opinion on the effectiveness of the Company’s internal control over financial reporting. Accordingly, we express no such opinion. An audit also includes examining, on a test basis, evidence supporting the amounts and disclosures in the financial statements and schedule, assessing the accounting principles used and significant estimates made by management, as well as evaluating the overall presentation of the consolidated financial statements and schedule. We believe that our audit provides a reasonable basis for our opinion.

In our opinion, the consolidated financial statements referred to above present fairly, in all material respects, the consolidated financial position of Comarco, Inc. at January 31, 2005, and the consolidated results of its operations and its cash flows for the year ended January 31, 2005, in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America.

Also, in our opinion, the fiscal 2005 information in the schedule presents fairly, in all material respects, the information set forth therein.

/s/ BDO Seidman, LLP

Costa Mesa, California

March 24, 2005,

except for certain major customer

information in note 2

as to which the date is

April 29, 2005

REPORT OF INDEPENDENT AUDITORS’ REPORTREGISTERED PUBLIC ACCOUNTING FIRM

 

The Board of Directors and Stockholders

Comarco, Inc.:

 

We have audited the consolidated financial statementsbalance sheet of Comarco, Inc. and subsidiaries as of January 31, 2004 and 2003, and the related consolidated statements of operations, stockholders’ equity and cash flows for each of the years in the three-yeartwo-year period ended January 31, 2004. In connection with our audits of the consolidated financial statements, we also have audited the financial statement schedule as listed inof valuation and qualifying accounts for the accompanying index.years ended January 31, 2004 and 2003. These consolidated financial statements and the financial statement schedule are the responsibility of the Company’s management. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on these consolidated financial statements and the financial statement schedule based on our audits.

 

We conducted our audits in accordance with auditingthe standards generally accepted inof the United States of America.Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States). Those standards require that we plan and perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the financial statements are free of material misstatement. An audit includes examining, on a test basis, evidence supporting the amounts and disclosures in the financial statements. An audit also includes assessing the accounting principles used and significant estimates made by management, as well as evaluating the overall financial statement presentation. We believe that our audits provide a reasonable basis for our opinion.

 

In our opinion, the consolidated financial statements referred to above present fairly, in all material respects, the financial position of Comarco, Inc. and subsidiaries as of January 31, 2004 and 2003, and the results of their operations and their cash flows for each of the years in the three-yeartwo-year period ended January 31, 2004, in conformity with accounting principlesU.S. generally accepted in the United States of America.accounting principles. Also, in our opinion, the related financial statement schedule, when considered in relation to the basic consolidated financial statements taken as a whole, presents fairly, in all material respects, the information set forth therein.

 

As discussed in Note 2 to the consolidated financial statements, the 2003 and 2002 consolidated financial statements have been restated.

As discussed in Note 3 to the consolidated financial statements, effective February 1, 2002, Comarco, Inc. and subsidiaries adopted the provisions of SFAS No. 142, “Goodwill and Other Intangible Assets” as required for the accounting for goodwill and other intangible assets.

/s/ KPMG LLP

 

Costa Mesa, California

May 9, 2004, except as to note 19,

which is as of May 11, 2005

COMARCO, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS

(In thousands, except share data)

 

  January 31,

  January 31,

  2004

  2003
(Restated)


  2005

  2004

ASSETS

            

Current Assets:

            

Cash and cash equivalents

  $15,047  $25,385  $12,270  $15,047

Short-term investments

   2,251   2,386   1,598   2,251

Accounts receivable, net

   8,982   1,194

Accounts receivable, net of reserves of $831 and $594

   5,276   8,982

Amounts due from affiliate

   2,627   673   1,100   2,627

Inventory

   6,150   3,656

Inventory, net of reserves of $2,212 and $2,230

   8,448   6,150

Deferred tax assets, net

   3,502   2,748   —     2,695

Assets of discontinued operations

      195

Other current assets

   199   951   817   524
  

  

  

  

Total current assets

   38,758   37,188   29,509   38,276

Property and equipment, net

   3,131   3,525   2,154   3,131

Software development costs, net

   5,536   5,558   3,543   5,536

Deferred tax assets, net

   181      —     181

Intangible assets, net

   1,488   506   1,495   1,488

Goodwill

   2,394   2,394   2,394   2,394

Other assets

   1,133   1,144   1,131   1,133
  

  

  

  

  $52,621  $50,315  $40,226  $52,139
  

  

  

  

LIABILITIES AND STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY

            

Current Liabilities:

            

Accounts payable

  $537  $307  $101  $537

Deferred revenue

   5,476   3,647   3,747   5,476

Liabilities of discontinued operations

      105

Deferred compensation

   2,251   2,386   1,598   2,251

Accrued liabilities

   5,281   4,243   5,006   4,799
  

  

  

  

Total current liabilities

   13,545   10,688   10,452   13,063

Deferred tax liabilities, net

      877
  

  

Minority interest

   185   564   —     185
  

  

Commitments and contingencies

            

Stockholders’ Equity:

            

Preferred stock, no par value, 10,000,000 shares authorized; no shares outstanding at January 31, 2004 and 2003, respectively

      

Common stock, $0.10 par value, 50,625,000 shares authorized; 7,284,374 and 7,049,565 shares outstanding at January 31, 2004 and 2003, respectively

   728   705

Preferred stock, no par value, 10,000,000 shares authorized; no shares issued or outstanding at January 31, 2005 and 2004, respectively

   —     —  

Common stock, $0.10 par value, 50,625,000 shares authorized; 7,422,042 and 7,284,374 shares issued and outstanding at January 31, 2005 and 2004, respectively

   742   728

Additional paid-in capital

   13,126   11,198   14,051   13,126

Retained earnings

   25,037   26,283   14,981   25,037
  

  

  

  

Total stockholders’ equity

   38,891   38,186   29,774   38,891
  

  

  

  

  $52,621  $50,315  $40,226  $52,139
  

  

  

  

 

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.

COMARCO, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS

(In thousands, except per share data)

 

  Years Ended January 31,

   Years Ended January 31,

 
  2004

 2003
(Restated)


 

2002

(Restated)


   2005

 2004

 2003

 

Revenue:

      

Products

  $29,208  $30,372  $37,397   $24,159  $29,208  $30,372 

Services

   5,057   5,314   12,171    5,064   5,057   5,314 
  


 


 


  


 


 


   34,265   35,686   49,568    29,223   34,265   35,686 
  


 


 


  


 


 


Cost of revenue:

      

Products

   18,591   26,229   18,324    17,445   18,591   26,229 

Services

   3,135   3,779   7,323    3,463   3,135   3,779 
  


 


 


  


 


 


   21,726   30,008   25,647    20,908   21,726   30,008 
  


 


 


  


 


 


Gross profit

   12,539   5,678   23,921    8,315   12,539   5,678 

Selling, general and administrative expenses

   9,848   8,686   11,195    9,001   9,848   8,686 

Asset impairment charges

      205       —     —     205 

Engineering and support expenses

   5,812   5,194   5,003    7,521   5,812   5,194 
  


 


 


  


 


 


Operating income (loss)

   (3,121)  (8,407)  7,723 

Operating loss

   (8,207)  (3,121)  (8,407)

Other income, net

   237   375   909    180   237   375 

Minority interest in (earnings) loss of subsidiary

   34   141   (50)

Minority interest in loss of subsidiary

   72   34   141 
  


 


 


  


 


 


Income (loss) from continuing operations before income taxes

   (2,850)  (7,891)  8,582 

Loss from continuing operations before income taxes and discontinued operations

   (7,955)  (2,850)  (7,891)

Income tax expense (benefit)

   (1,008)  (2,933)  3,156    2,426   (1,008)  (2,933)
  


 


 


  


 


 


Income (loss) from continuing operations

   (1,842)  (4,958)  5,426 

Loss from continuing operations

   (10,381)  (1,842)  (4,958)

Income (loss) from discontinued operations, net of income tax expense (benefit) of $0, $342, and ($941)

   325   596   (5,185)
  


 


 


Net loss

  $(10,056) $(1,246) $(10,143)
  


 


 


Basic and diluted loss per share:

   

Loss from continuing operations

  $(1.41) $(0.26) $(0.71)

Discontinued operations

   596   (5,185)  (324)   0.04   0.09   (0.74)
  


 


 


  


 


 


Net income (loss)

  $(1,246) $(10,143) $5,102 

Net loss

  $(1.37) $(0.17) $(1.45)
  


 


 


  


 


 


Basic income (loss) per share:

   

Income (loss) from continuing operations

  $(0.26) $(0.71) $0.77 

Discontinued operations

   0.09   (0.74)  (0.05)
  


 


 


Net income (loss)

  $(0.17) $(1.45) $0.72 
  


 


 


Diluted income (loss) per share:

   

Income (loss) from continuing operations

  $(0.26) $(0.71) $0.73 

Discontinued operations

   0.09   (0.74)  (0.05)
  


 


 


Net income (loss)

  $(0.17) $(1.45) $0.68 
  


 


 


 

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.

COMARCO, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY

(In thousands, except share data)

 

  Common Stock
Par Value


 Additional
Paid-in
Capital


 Accumulated
Other
Comprehensive
Income


 Retained
Earnings
(Restated)


 Total

   Common Stock
Par Value


 Additional
Paid-in
Capital


 Retained
Earnings


 Total

 

Balance at January 31, 2001, as restated, 7,066,560 shares

  $707  $11,619  $    3  $31,324  $43,653 

Net income, as restated

            5,102   5,102 

Exercise of stock options, 24,375 shares

   2   282         284 

Tax benefit from exercise of stock options

      657         657 

Purchase and retirement of common stock, 208,700 shares

   (21)  (2,657)        (2,678)

Minority interest resulting from exercise of subsidiary options

      (280)        (280)

Issuance of common stock to acquire subsidiary minority interest, 95,779 shares

   10   1,192         1,202 

Recognition of unrealized holding loss on available for sale securities

         (3)     (3)
  


 


 


 


 


Balance at January 31, 2002, as restated, 6,978,014 shares

   698   10,813      36,426   47,937 

Net loss, as restated

            (10,143)  (10,143)

Balance at January 31, 2002, 6,978,014 shares

  $698  $10,813  $36,426  $47,937 

Net loss

   —     —     (10,143)  (10,143)

Exercise of stock options, 53,625 shares

   5   247         252    5   247   —     252 

Tax benefit from exercise of stock options

      586         586    —     586   —     586 

Purchase and retirement of common stock, 43,943 shares

   (4)  (398)        (402)   (4)  (398)  —     (402)

Minority interest resulting from exercise of subsidiary options

      (564)        (564)   —     (564)  —     (564)

Issuance of common stock to acquire subsidiary minority interest, 61,869 shares

   6   514         520    6   514   —     520 
  


 


 


 


 


  


 


 


 


Balance at January 31, 2003, as restated, 7,049,565 shares

   705   11,198      26,283   38,186 

Balance at January 31, 2003, 7,049,565 shares

   705   11,198   26,283   38,186 

Net loss

            (1,246)  (1,246)   —     —     (1,246)  (1,246)

Exercise of stock options, 71,250 shares

   7   299         306    7   299   —     306 

Tax benefit from exercise of stock options

      348         348    —     348   —     348 

Purchase and retirement of common stock, 25,640 shares

   (3)  (192)        (195)   (3)  (192)  —     (195)

Minority interest resulting from exercise of subsidiary options

      (1)        (1)   —     (1)  —     (1)

Issuance of common stock to acquire subsidiary minority interest, 189,199 shares

   19   1,474         1,493    19   1,474   —     1,493 
  


 


 


 


 


  


 


 


 


Balance at January 31, 2004, 7,284,374 shares

  $728  $13,126  $  $25,037  $38,891    728   13,126   25,037   38,891 

Net loss

   —     —     (10,056)  (10,056)

Exercise of stock options, 45,000 shares

   5   236   —     241 

Minority interest resulting from exercise of subsidiary options

   —     (6)  —     (6)

Issuance of common stock to acquire subsidiary minority interest, 92,668 shares

   9   695   —     704 
  


 


 


 


 


  


 


 


 


Balance at January 31, 2005, 7,422,042 shares

  $742  $14,051  $14,981  $29,774 
  


 


 


 


 

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.

COMARCO, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS

(In thousands)

 

  Years Ended January 31,

   Years Ended January 31,

 
  2004

 2003
(Restated)


 

2002

(Restated)


   2005

 2004

 2003

 

CASH FLOWS FROM OPERATING ACTIVITIES:

      

Income (loss) from continuing operations

  $(1,842) $(4,958) $5,426 

Adjustments to reconcile net income from continuing operations to net cash provided by operating activities:

   

Loss from continuing operations

  $(10,381) $(1,842) $(4,958)

Adjustments to reconcile loss from continuing operations to net cash (used in) provided by operating activities:

   

Asset impairment charges

      5,824       —     —     5,824 

Depreciation and amortization

   5,190   4,864   5,671    4,525   5,190   4,864 

Loss (gain) on disposal of property and equipment

   58   154   (16)

Loss on disposal of property and equipment

   152   58   154 

Tax benefit from exercise of stock options

   348   586   657    —     348   586 

Deferred income taxes

   (1,812)  (2,665)  1,521    2,876   (1,005)  (2,665)

Provision for doubtful accounts receivable

   559   24   310    267   559   24 

Provision for obsolete inventory

   (344)  3,585   340    (18)  (344)  3,585 

Minority interest in earnings of subsidiary

   (34)  (141)  50    (72)  (34)  (141)

Changes in operating assets and liabilities, net of acquisitions:

      

Accounts receivable

   (8,347)  8,331   (1,700)   3,439   (8,347)  8,331 

Amounts due from Affiliate

   (1,954)  (673)   

Amounts due from affiliate

   1,527   (1,954)  (673)

Inventory

   (2,150)  (1,239)  (1,065)   (2,280)  (2,150)  (1,239)

Other assets

   764   (125)  1,182    (216)  438   (125)

Deferred compensation

         (174)

Accounts payable

   230   111   (842)   (436)  230   111 

Deferred revenue

   1,829   (1,934)  (1,702)   (1,729)  1,829   (1,934)

Accrued liabilities

   1,099   (1,449)  (1,509)   207   618   (1,449)
  


 


 


  


 


 


Net cash provided by (used in) continuing operations

   (6,406)  10,295   8,149    (2,139)  (6,406)  10,295 
  


 


 


  


 


 


CASH FLOWS FROM INVESTING ACTIVITIES:

      

Proceeds from sales and maturities of investments

         72 

Purchases of property and equipment

   (1,749)  (2,125)  (2,167)   (1,288)  (1,749)  (2,125)

Proceeds from sales of property and equipment

   12   131   20    57   12   131 

Investment in SwissQual

         (1,073)

Software development costs

   (2,769)  (3,770)  (5,471)   —     (2,769)  (3,770)

Acquired intangible assets

   (520)  (451)      (102)  (520)  (451)

Cash paid for acquisition of minority interest

         (118)

Cash received from sale of business

   600          —     600   —   
  


 


 


  


 


 


Net cash used in investing activities

   (4,426)  (6,215)  (8,737)   (1,333)  (4,426)  (6,215)
  


 


 


  


 


 


CASH FLOWS FROM FINANCING ACTIVITIES:

      

Net proceeds from issuance of common stock

   306   252   284    241   306   252 

Proceeds from issuance of subsidiary common stock

   359   370   240    129   359   370 

Purchase and retirement of common stock

   (195)  (402)  (2,678)   —     (195)  (402)
  


 


 


  


 


 


Net cash provided by (used in) financing activities

   470   220   (2,154)
  


 


 


Net cash provided by financing activities

   370   470   220 
  


 


 


Net increase (decrease) in cash and cash equivalents—continuing operations

   (10,362)  4,300   (2,742)   (3,102)  (10,362)  4,300 

Net increase (decrease) in cash and cash equivalents—discontinued operations

   24   (199)  (840)   325   24   (199)
  


 


 


  


 


 


Net increase (decrease) in cash and cash equivalents

   (10,338)  4,101   (3,582)   (2,777)  (10,338)  4,101 

Cash and cash equivalents, beginning of period

   25,385   21,284   24,866    15,047   25,385   21,284 
  


 


 


  


 


 


Cash and cash equivalents, end of period

  $15,047  $25,385  $21,284   $12,270  $15,047  $25,385 
  


 


 


  


 


 


 

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.

COMARCO, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

 

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

 

1.Organization

 

Comarco, Inc., through its subsidiary Comarco Wireless Technologies, Inc. (collectively, “Comarco” or the “Company”), is a leading provider of wireless test solutions for the wireless industry. Comarco also designs, manufactures and manufacturesmaintains emergency call box systems and designs mobile power products for notebook computers, cellular telephones, PDAs, and other handheld devices. The Company’s operations consist solely of the operations of Comarco Wireless Technologies, Inc. (“CWT”) which was incorporated in the State of Delaware in September 1993.

 

2.Restatement of Previously Issued Financial Statements

The Company has restated its previously issued financial statements for the items described below:

Estimated employee bonuses were accrued at the end of the fiscal 2003. Prior to the filing of the Company’s fiscal 2003 Form 10-K, the Compensation Committee of the Board of Directors decreased the estimated bonus award by approximately $600,000 but the Company did not adjust the bonus accrual. The fiscal 2003 operating results have been restated to reflect reduced bonus expense of $600,000. The restatement adjustment was allocated between selling, general and administrative costs and engineering and product support costs in the amount of $400,000 and $200,000, respectively.

Prior to the 2004 fiscal year, the Company allocated revenue from the sales of its wireless test solutions products between the product and first year maintenance using an estimate of the fair value of such maintenance as a percentage of the total sales price. The Company has determined that the fair value of the first year maintenance based on vendor specific objective evidence was higher than the previously estimated percentage, 10 percent versus 5 percent. See note 3 for a further discussion of the Company’s revenue recognition policies. The fiscal 2003 and 2002 financial statements have been restated using the actual fair value of the first year maintenance as a percentage of the total sales price. The effect of the restatement was to increase revenue in fiscal 2003 and 2002 by $187,000 and $216,000, respectively. The restatement attributable to this matter also decreased January 31, 2001 retained earnings by $497,000.

During fiscal 2001, the Company completed the sale of its defense and commercial staffing businesses. The sales and operations of the businesses sold were reported as discontinued operations. At the time of the sale, the Company recognized liabilities for contingencies and various costs associated with exiting these businesses. The Company has now concluded that the reserves for contingencies recognized during fiscal 2001 and earlier periods did not satisfy the probable and reasonably estimable criteria applicable to accounting for such contingencies. Accordingly, January 31, 2001 retained earnings has been restated and increased by $474,000, net of tax expense of $273,000. The Company also did not adjust these accrued liabilities for subsequent changes in the original estimates of the costs associated with exiting the discontinued businesses. The Company has restated its fiscal 2003 and 2002 financial statements to reflect changes in the estimated costs of exiting the discontinued operations. The pre-tax effect of the restatement adjustments has been to decrease the loss from discontinued operations in fiscal 2003 and 2002 by $37,000 and $86,000, respectively.

During fiscal 2003, the Company recorded the costs attributable to collecting a note which was received during fiscal 2001 as partial consideration for the sale of its commercial staffing business. These costs, which included the write-off of principal and accrued interest, and legal fees, totaled approximately $342,000 and were charged against various divestiture liabilities originally recognized at the time of the sale. The fiscal 2003 financial statements have been restated to recognize these costs as a bad debt expense charged against continuing operations which is included in selling, general and administrative expenses.

During fiscal 2003, the Company recorded estimated losses associated with the recall of its legacy ChargeSource 70-watt universal AC power adapter. Included in the estimated loss were costs attributable to a third-party service bureau engaged to administer the Company’s recall efforts. These specific costs should have been charged to expense as incurred. Accordingly, the fiscal 2003 financial statements have been restated to reduce the estimated cost of the recall recorded during fiscal 2003. This restatement had the effect of reducing fiscal 2003 cost of revenue by $371,000.

During fiscal 2003, the Company recognized a $2,926,000 million transitional adjustment, net of tax of zero, for the cumulative effect of a change in accounting principle upon the adoption of SFAS No. 142, “Goodwill and Other Intangible Assets.” This transitional adjustment was attributable to the Company’s EDX reporting unit. The Company has since determined that the amount recognized as the cumulative effect of a change in accounting principle should have been reported as a fiscal 2003 goodwill impairment and reflected in fiscal 2003 continuing operations. The fiscal 2003 financial statements have been restated accordingly. During fiscal 2004, the Company sold the net assets of the EDX reporting unit. Accordingly, all of the current and prior operations of that reporting unit have been reclassified to discontinued operations, including the aforementioned goodwill impairment change (see note 6).

Effective the beginning of fiscal 2003 and in conjunction with the implementation of SFAS No. 142, the Company re-evaluated the useful lives of its identifiable intangible assets, including acquired algorithms with a net book value of $255,000 and an original historical cost basis of $1 million. Prior to the adoption of SFAS No. 142, the software algorithms were being amortized over five years. Upon the adoption of SFAS No. 142, it was initially concluded that the software algorithms had an indefinite useful life and therefore were not subject to amortization, but rather, a periodic evaluation for impairment. It has now been concluded that the original useful life of five years should have been applied after the adoption of SFAS No. 142. As a result, fiscal 2003 results of operations are being restated to reflect additional amortization expense of $200,000. The remaining $55,000 in net book value of the software algorithms as of January 31, 2003 was amortized to expense during the first half of fiscal 2004.

During the fourth quarter of fiscal 2001, the Company acquired all of the outstanding stock of EDX Engineering, Inc. Approximately $3.2 million of the purchase price was allocated to identifiable intangible assets with a tax basis of zero. At the time, the Company did not record the required deferred tax liability of $1,268,000 related to the temporary difference between the financial reporting book value and the tax basis. Such an entry also would have resulted in a corresponding increase to goodwill of $1,268,000. The financial statements have been restated to reflect the effects of recording the incremental increase to deferred tax liabilities and goodwill at the time EDX was acquired. As a consequence, amortization expense and deferred tax benefit have increased by $141,000 during the 2002 fiscal year. Upon the adoption of SFAS No. 142 at the beginning of fiscal 2003, amortization of goodwill ceased. During the second quarter of fiscal 2003, the EDX goodwill and identifiable intangibles were determined to be fully impaired and were written off. As a consequence, the restated fiscal year 2003 financial statements reflect an additional charge to write-off the incremental net book value of goodwill of $1,127,000. This incremental charge was offset by incremental deferred tax benefit of $1,127,000. During the 2004 fiscal year, EDX was sold and reported as a discontinued operation. Accordingly, the incremental effects of the restatements adjustments described in this paragraph have been reclassified to discontinued operations.

During the second quarter of fiscal 2003, the Company wrote off $5,619,000 of capitalized software costs. The write off was originally recorded to a line item labeled “Asset impairment charges.” The 2003 financial statements have been restated to reclassify the $5,619,000 write-off of capitalized software to cost of revenue.

As a result of the foregoing adjustments, income tax expense for continuing operations for fiscal 2003 and 2002 (including the tax benefit of $1,127,000 described in the preceding paragraph related to EDX) has been decreased by $902,000 and $62,000, respectively. Income tax expense for discontinued operations for fiscal 2003 and 2002 has been decreased by $1.1 million and $172,000, respectively. The impact of the income tax adjustments on fiscal 2001 and prior years decreased January 31, 2001 retained earnings by $92,000.

Presented below are tables which present the impact of these adjustments to amounts previously reported for fiscal 2003 and 2002:

Fiscal 2003 Statement of Operations

   As previously
reported


  Restatement
adjustments


  Reclassification
for
discontinued
operations


  As restated

 

Revenue

  $36,836  $187  $(1,337) $35,686 

Cost of revenue

   24,573   5,448   (13)  30,008 
   


 


 


 


Gross profit

   12,263   (5,261)  (1,324)  5,678 

Selling, general and administrative expenses

   9,052   (59)  (307)  8,686 

Asset impairment charges

   8,407   (1,566)  (6,636)  205 

Engineering and support expenses

   5,936   (200)  (542)  5,194 
   


 


 


 


Operating income (loss)

   (11,132)  (3,436)  6,161   (8,407)

Other income, net

   375         375 

Minority interest

   141         141 
   


 


 


 


Loss from continuing operations before income taxes

   (10,616)  (3,436)  6,161   (7,891)

Income tax expense (benefit)

   (2,984)  (902)  953   (2,933)
   


 


 


 


Loss from continuing operations

   (7,632)  (2,534)  5,208   (4,958)

Discontinued operations

      23   (5,208)  (5,185)
   


 


 


 


Loss before cumulative effect of accounting change

   (7,632)  (2,511)     (10,143)

Cumulative effect of accounting change

   (2,926)  2,926       
   


 


 


 


Net loss

  $(10,558) $415  $  $(10,143)
   


 


 


 


Basic income (loss) per common share:

                 

Loss from continuing operations

  $(1.09) $(0.36) $0.74  $(0.71)

Discontinued operations

         (0.74)  (0.74)

Cumulative effect of accounting change

   (0.42)  0.42       
   


 


 


 


Net income (loss)

  $(1.51) $0.06  $  $(1.45)
   


 


 


 


Diluted income (loss) per common share:

                 

Loss from continuing operations

  $(1.09) $(0.36) $0.74  $(0.71)

Discontinued operations

         (0.74)  (0.74)

Cumulative effect of accounting change

   (0.42)  0.42       
   


 


 


 


Net income (loss)

  $(1.51) $0.06  $  $(1.45)
   


 


 


 


Summarized below are the balance sheet accounts at January 31, 2003 which changed as a result of the restatement.

January 31, 2003 Balance Sheet

   As previously
reported


  As restated

Other current assets

  $1,391  $951

Total current assets

   37,621   37,188

Intangible assets, net

   706   506

Total assets

   50,955   50,315

Deferred Revenue

   3,552   3,647

Accrued liabilities

   5,845   4,243

Total current liabilities

   12,093   10,688

Retained earnings

   25,518   26,283

Stockholders’ equity

   37,421   38,186

Total liabilities and stockholders equity

   50,955   50,315

Summarized below are the changes to the fiscal 2002 statement of operations as a result of the restatement and the reclassification for discontinued operations resulting from the disposal of EDX.

Fiscal 2002 Statement of Operations

   As previously
reported


  Restatement
adjustments


  Reclassification
for
discontinued
operations


  As restated

 

Revenue

  $51,007  $216  $(1,655) $49,568 

Cost of revenue

   25,673      (26)  25,647 
   


 


 


 


Gross profit

   25,334   216   (1,629)  23,921 

Selling, general and administrative expenses

   12,680   141   (1,626)  11,195 

Engineering and support expenses

   5,744      (741)  5,003 
   


 


 


 


Operating income

   6,910   75   738   7,723 

Other income, net

   909         909 

Minority interest

   (50)        (50)
   


 


 


 


Income from continuing operations before income taxes

   7,769   75   738   8,582 

Income tax expense (benefit)

   2,859   (62)  359   3,156 
   


 


 


 


Income from continuing operations

   4,910   137   379   5,426 

Discontinued operations

      55   (379)  (324)
   


 


 


 


Net income

  $4,910  $192  $  $5,102 
   


 


 


 


Basic income per common share:

                 

Income from continuing operations

  $0.70  $0.02  $0.05  $0.77 

Discontinued operations

      0.01   (0.05)  (0.04)
   


 


 


 


Net income

  $0.70  $0.03  $  $0.73 
   


 


 


 


Diluted income per common share:

                 

Income from continuing operations

  $0.66  $0.02  $0.05  $0.73 

Discontinued operations

         (0.05)  (0.05)
   


 


 


 


Net income

  $0.66  $0.02  $  $0.68 
   


 


 


 


Retained earnings at January 31, 2001 as previously reported was increased by $158,000 as a result of the restatement adjustments described herein.

The restatement had no effect on net cash provided by or used in operating, investing or financing activities for fiscal 2003 or 2002.

3.Summary of Significant Accounting Policies

 

Principles of Consolidation:Consolidation

 

The consolidated financial statements of the Company include the accounts of Comarco, Inc. and CWT. All material intercompany balances, transactions, and profits have been eliminated.

 

Use of Estimates:Estimates

 

The preparation of consolidated financial statements in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the consolidated financial statements and the reported amounts of revenue and expenses during the periodyears reported. Actual results could materially differ from those estimates.

 

Certain accounting principles require subjective and complex judgments to be used in the preparation of financial statements. Accordingly, a different financial presentation could result depending on the judgments, estimates, or assumptions that are used. Such estimates and assumptions include, but are not specifically limited to, those required in the valuation of long-lived assets, allowance for doubtful accounts, reserves for inventory obsolescence, and valuation allowances for deferred tax assets.

 

Revenue Recognition:Recognition

 

Revenue from product sales is recognized upon shipment of products provided there are no uncertainties regarding customer acceptance, persuasive evidence of an arrangement exists, the sales price is fixed or determinable, and collectibility is reasonably assured. For ourprobable. The Company’s wireless test solutions products that are integrated with embedded software,software. Accordingly, the Company’s revenue is recognized using the residual method pursuant to the requirements of Statement of Position No. 97-2, “Software Revenue Recognition,” and other applicable revenue recognition guidance and interpretations. Under the residual method, revenue is allocated to the undelivered element, typically maintenance, based on its respective fair value, with the fair value determined by the price charged when that element is sold separately. The revenue allocated to the maintenance element is amortized to revenue evenly over the term of the maintenance commitment made at the time of the sale. The costs associated with honoring the maintenance commitment are charged to expense as incurred. The revenue attributable to the delivered product is the

COMARCO, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS—(Continued)

residual amount after subtracting the revenue allocated to the un-deliveredundelivered element from the sales price. The revenue attributable to the delivered product is recognized following the policy for product sales described above.

 

Revenue from services is recognized as the services are performed. Maintenance revenue from extended warranty sales is deferred and recognized ratably over the term of the maintenance agreement, typically 12 months. Revenue for services under long-term contracts from ourthe Company’s engineering services business, which ceased operations in the second quarter of fiscal 2003, was recognized using the percentage-of-completion method on the basis of percentage of costs incurred to date on a contract, relative to the estimated total contract

COMARCO, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS—(Continued)

costs. Profit estimates on fixed price contracts were revised periodically based on changes in circumstances and any anticipated losses on contracts were recognized in the period that such losses become known.

 

Cash and Cash Equivalents:Equivalents

 

All highly liquid investments with originalremaining maturity dates of three months or less when acquired are classified as cash and cash equivalents. The fair value of cash and cash equivalents approximates the amounts shown in the financial statements. Cash and cash equivalents are generally maintained in uninsured accounts.

 

Short-Term Investments:Investments

 

Short-term investments consist of balances maintained in a non-qualified deferred compensation plan funded by Company executives and directors. These investments are tradable at the discretion of the funding executives and directors and are subject to claims by the Company’s general creditors. Accordingly, these investments are classified as trading securities. Trading securities are recorded at market value based on current market quotes and totaled $2.3$1.6 million and $2.4$2.3 million as of January 31, 20042005 and 2003,2004, respectively. Unrealized holding gains (losses) on these short-term investments recognizedrecorded for the years ended January 31, 2005, 2004, and 2003, and 2002, were $31,000, $627,000, ($384,000), and ($170,000)384,000), respectively, and are reflected as adjustments to both short-term investments and the deferred compensation liability.

 

Inventory:Inventory

 

Inventory is valued at the lower of cost (calculated on average cost, which approximates first-in, first-out basis) or market value.

 

Property and Equipment:Equipment

 

Property and equipment are stated at cost less accumulated depreciation. Additions, improvements, and major renewals are capitalized; maintenance, repairs, and minor renewals are expensed as incurred. Depreciation and amortization is calculated on a straight-line basis over the expected useful lives of the property and equipment. The expected useful lives of office furnishings and fixtures are five to seven years, and of equipment and purchased software are two to five years.

 

Research and Development and Software Development Costs:Costs

 

Research and development costs are charged to expense as incurred and have been included in engineering and support costs. Costs incurred for the development of software embedded in the Company’s wireless test solutions products that will be sold are capitalized when technological feasibility has been established. Technological feasibility is generally demonstrated by the completion of a working model. These capitalized costs are subject to an ongoing assessment of recoverability based on anticipated future revenue and changes in hardware and software technologies. Costs that are capitalized include direct labor and related overhead.

 

Amortization of software development costs begins when the product is available for general release. Amortization is provided on a product-by-product basis on the shorter of the straight-line method over periods ranging from two to five years or the sales ratio method that is based on expected unit sales and the estimated life of the product. Unamortized software development costs determined to be in excess of net realizable value of the related product is expensed immediately. During fiscal 2003, the Company recorded a non-cash impairment charge totaling $5.6 million included in cost of revenue related to capitalized software development costs related to the strategy the Company developed to invest available resources in the development of Seven.Five, a new product platform.

COMARCO, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

 

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS—(Continued)

 

Goodwill and Acquired Intangible Assets:Assets

 

Goodwill, which represents the excess of purchase price over fair value of net assets acquired in a business combination, is recorded at cost.

 

Effective February 1, 2002, the Company implemented SFAS No. 142, “Goodwill and Other Intangible Assets.” SFAS No. 142 established new standards for goodwill acquired in a business combination, eliminated amortization of goodwill, and set forth methods for periodically evaluating goodwill for impairment. Under SFAS No. 142, goodwill impairment is deemed to exist if the net book value of a reporting unit exceeds its estimated fair value generally determined using a discounted cash flow methodology applied to the particular unit. This methodology differs from the Company’s previous policy, in accordance with accounting standards existing at that time, of using undiscounted cash flows on an enterprise-wide basis under SFAS No. 121, “Accounting for the Impairment of Long-Lived Assets and for Long-Lived Assets to Be Disposed Of” to determine recoverability. An annual impairment review is performed during the fourth quarter of each year.

 

Long-Lived Assets:Assets

 

In accordance with SFAS No. 144, “Accounting for the Impairment or Disposal of Long-Lived Assets,” the Company evaluates long-lived assets, including intangible assets other than goodwill, for impairment when indicators of impairment are present and the undiscounted cash flows estimated to be generated by those assets are less than the assets’ carrying amounts. Factors considered important which could trigger an impairment review include, but are not limited to, significant underperformance relative to expected historical or projected future operating results, significant changes in the manner of use of the assets or the strategy for the Company’s overall business, and significant negative industry or economic trends. If such assets are identified to be impaired, the impairment to be recognized is the amount by which the carrying value of the asset exceeds the fair value of the asset.

 

Assets to be disposed of are separately presented in the balance sheet and reported at the lower of the carrying amount or fair value less costs to sell, and are no longer depreciated. The assets and liabilities of a disposed group classified as held for sale are presented separately in the appropriate asset and liability sections of the balance sheet.

 

Investment in SwissQual:SwissQual

 

On July 31, 2001, the Company acquired an 18 percent equity stake in SwissQual for $1.0 million in cash. Based in Zuchwil, Switzerland, SwissQual is a developer of voice quality systems and software for measuring, monitoring, and optimizing the quality of mobile, fixed, and IP-based voice and data communications. This investment is accounted for under the cost method and is included in other assets in the accompanying consolidated balance sheets.

 

Income Taxes:Taxes

 

DeferredAs part of the process of preparing its consolidated financial statements the Company is required to estimate its provision for income taxes in each of the tax assetsjurisdictions in which it conducts business. This process involves estimating the Company’s actual current tax expense in conjunction with the evaluation and liabilities are recognizedmeasurement of temporary differences resulting from differing treatment of certain items for the future tax consequences attributable toand accounting purposes. These temporary timing differences between the financial statement carrying amounts of existing assets and liabilities and their respective tax bases and for operating loss and tax credit carryforwards. Deferred tax assets and liabilities are measured using enacted tax rates expected to apply to taxable incomeresult in the years in which those temporary differences are expected to be recovered or settled. The effect onestablishment of deferred tax assets and liabilities, ofwhich are recorded on a change in tax rates is recognized in incomenet basis and included in the periodCompany’s consolidated balance sheets. On a periodic basis, the Company assesses the probability that includesits net deferred tax assets, if any, will be recovered. If after evaluating all of the enactment date. The Company recordspositive and negative evidence, a conclusion is made that it is more likely than not that some portion or all of the net deferred tax assets will not be recovered, a valuation allowance where it is “more likely than not” thatprovided with a corresponding charge to tax expense to reserve the portion of the deferred tax assets willwhich are estimated to be more likely than not to be realized.

COMARCO, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

 

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS—(Continued)

 

Significant management judgment is required in determining the Company’s provision for income taxes, its deferred tax assets and liabilities, and any required valuation allowance. During the second quarter of fiscal 2005, as a result of incurring cumulative losses for a three-year period, the Company established a valuation allowance totaling approximately $2.9 million, or the entire deferred tax asset balance existing as of the beginning of fiscal 2005, as reclassified. The Company reclassified $807,000 of reserves relating to research and experimentation credits included in the current taxes receivable as of January 31, 2004 to the net deferred tax asset upon the determination that it was more likely than not that the benefit of $807,000 would not be realized. In addition, a full valuation allowance has been provided on all net deferred tax asset additions during fiscal 2005, resulting in a fully reserved net tax asset. This valuation allowance was established based on management’s overall assessment of risks and uncertainties related to the Company’s future ability to realize, and hence, utilize certain deferred tax assets, primarily consisting of net operating losses, carry forward temporary differences and future tax deductions resulting from certain types of stock option exercises. Due to the losses of the third and fourth quarters of fiscal 2005, the adjusted net deferred tax assets remain fully reserved as of January 31, 2005.

In the third quarter of fiscal 2005, the Company recorded a tax benefit of $446,000 due to the generation of refund claims created upon completion of fiscal 2004 corporate tax returns in the third quarter of fiscal 2005.

Warranty Costs

The Company provides limited warranties for new call box sales for a period of 90 days and ChargeSource products for a period generally not to exceed 15 months. The Company accrues for the estimated cost of warranties at the time revenue is recognized. The accrual is a fixed rate which is consistent with the Company’s actual claim experience. Should actual warranty claim rates differ from our estimates, revisions to the liability would be required.

The Company generally provides a one year warranty for wireless test solutions products. As discussed above, the revenue allocated to maintenance is amortized to revenue evenly over the term of the maintenance commitment made at the time of the sale. The costs associated with honoring the maintenance commitment are charged to expense as incurred.

Minority Interest:Interest

 

During the years ended January 31, 20042005 and 2003,2004, the Company issued 69,00030,000 shares and 128,00069,000 shares of CWT stock, respectively, from the exercise of CWT stock options, which resulted in the creation of a minority interest. The option holder is required to hold the CWT stock purchased from the exercise of the stock options for at least six months.

 

In 2005, the Company acquired 66,000 minority shares of CWT by the issuance of 92,668 shares of Company common stock.

In 2004, the Company acquired 130,000 minority shares of CWT by the issuance of 189,199 shares of Company common stock.

 

In 2003, the Company acquired 39,000 minority shares of CWT by the issuance of 61,869 shares of Company common stock.

Under the purchase method of accounting, the excess purchase price of $456,000 and $788,000 during fiscal 2005 and 2004, respectively, of the minority interest in CWT over the fair value of the proportionate share of the identifiable net assets of CWT has been recognized as definite-lived intangible assets attributable to intellectual property rights.

COMARCO, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS—(Continued)

 

Concentrations of Credit Risk and Major Customers:Customers

 

The Company’s cash and cash equivalents are principally on deposit in a non-insured short-term asset management account at a large financial institution. Accounts receivable potentially subject the Company to concentrations of credit risk. The Company’s customer base is comprised primarily of large companies. The Company generally does not require collateral for accounts receivable. When required, the Company maintains allowances for credit losses, and to date such losses have been within management’s expectations. Once a specific account receivable has been reserved for as potentially uncollectible, our policy is to continue to pursue collections for a period of up to one year prior to recording a receivable write-off.

 

One customerDuring fiscal 2005, Targus, the Company’s former ChargeSource distributor, accounted for 38 percent and 43$4.1 million or 14.1 percent of total revenuerevenue. SwissQual, the Company’s WTS distributor in Europe, accounted for $6.6 million or 22.4 percent of revenue. TIM Cellular S.A., a WTS customer located in Brazil, accounted for $4.3 million or 14.7 percent of revenue. At January 31, 2005, $2.1 million was due from TIM Cellular S.A., of which approximately $549,000 is reserved, which represents the most severely delinquent balances. Such amount represents 34.8 percent of gross accounts receivable on that date and a substantial portion became past due on March 1, 2005. As of April 25, 2005, $1.3 million of this balance has been collected.

During fiscal 2004 and 2003, respectively. Two customers eachTargus accounted for between 12$16.2 million and $15.2 million or 47.1 percent and 2242.7 percent of total revenue, respectively.

Targus was the exclusive distributor of Comarco’s ChargeSource products through January 2004, at which time they were removed as the exclusive distributor. Throughout fiscal 2005, the Company continued to honor its obligations under non-cancelable and non-returnable purchase orders placed by Targus and accepted by Comarco through the first quarter of fiscal 2005 in 2002.an attempt to affect an orderly wind-down of the relationship. In fiscal 2005, the Company shipped $4.1 million of ChargeSource products to Targus. During December 2004, Targus ceased making payments to Comarco for product shipped under an open book account. As of January 31, 2005, Targus and its affiliates owe Comarco approximately $1.0 million, of which $280,000 is reserved.

On March 16, 2005, the Company filed a complaint against Targus alleging several causes of action including breach of contract, and seeks relief in the amount of $980,000 (see Note 20).

 

Segment Reporting:Reporting

 

The Company follows Statement of Financial Accounting Standards (“SFAS”)SFAS No. 131, “Disclosures About Segments of an Enterprise and Related Information,” which establishes standards for the manner in which public companies report information about operating segments in annual and interim financial statements. It also establishes standards for related disclosures about products and services, geographic areas, and major customers. The method for determining what information to report is based on the way management organizes the operating segments within a company for making operating decisions and assessing financial performances. The Company organizes its segment reporting on the basis of product/service type.

 

In fiscal 2004 the Company reported its revenues in two segments: wireless test solutions and wireless applications. In fiscal 2005 the Company increased the number of segments to three by separating the wireless applications segment into two separate segments, call box and mobile power products, to conform to how the chief operating decision-maker now reviews the business and to conform to current internal financial reporting. Segment information for prior years has been restated to conform to the current year presentation.

COMARCO, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS—(Continued)

The Company’s chief executive officer (“CEO”) is its chief operating decision-maker. The financial information that the CEO reviews to manage and evaluate the business and allocate resources is similar to the information presented in the accompanying consolidated statements of income focusing on revenues and gross profit for each segment. The Company operates in twothree business segments: wireless test solutions, call box, and wireless applications.mobile power products.

 

Earnings (Loss) Per Common Share:Share

 

Basic earnings (loss) per share is computed by dividing net income (loss) by the weighted average number of common shares outstanding during the period excluding the dilutive effect of potential common stock, which consists of stock options and convertible securities.options. Diluted earnings per share gives effect to all dilutive potential common stock outstanding during the period. The effect of such potential common stock is computed using the treasury stock method or the if-converted method, as applicable.

COMARCO, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS—(Continued)method.

 

Stock-Based Compensation:Compensation

 

The Company grants stock options for a fixed number of shares to employees with an exercise price equal to the fair value of the shares at the date of grant. The Company accounts for stock option grants using the intrinsic method in accordance with Accounting Principles Board (“APB”) Opinion No. 25, “Accounting for Stock Issued to Employees” and related interpretations in accounting for its stock-based compensation plans. The Company has adopted the disclosure-only provisions of SFAS No. 123, “Accounting for Stock-Based Compensation.” Accordingly, no compensation expense is recognized for the stock option grants. Had compensation cost for the Company’s stock option plans been determined based on the fair value at the grant date for awards during the years ended January 31, 2005, 2004, 2003, and 20022003 consistent with the provisions of SFAS No. 123, the Company’s Net Income (Loss), Basic Earnings (Loss) Per Share,net loss, basic loss per share, and Diluted Earnings (Loss) Per Sharediluted loss per share would have been reduced to the pro forma amounts as follows:

 

  Years ended January 31,

  Years Ended January 31,

 
  2004

 

2003

(restated)


 

2002

(restated)


  2005

 2004

 2003

 

Net income (loss):

   

Net loss:

 

As reported

  $(1,246) $(10,143) $5,102  $(10,056) $(1,246) $(10,143)

Deduct: Total stock-based employee compensation expense determined under fair value based method for all awards, net of related tax effects

   (632)  (621)  (585)  (472)  (632)  (621)
  


 


 


 


 


 


Pro forma

  $(1,878) $(10,764) $4,517  $(10,528) $(1,878) $(10,764)
  


 


 


 


 


 


Earnings (loss) per common share—basic:

   

Loss per common share—basic:

 

As reported

  $(0.17) $(1.45) $0.73  $(1.37) $(0.17) $(1.45)

Pro forma

   (0.26)  (1.53)  0.64   (1.44)  (0.26)  (1.53)

Earnings (loss) per common share—diluted:

   

Loss per common share—diluted:

 

As reported

  $(0.17) $(1.45) $0.68  $(1.37) $(0.17) $(1.45)

Pro forma

   (0.26)  (1.53)  0.58   (1.44)  (0.26)  (1.53)

COMARCO, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS—(Continued)

 

The per share weighted-average fair value of employee and director stock options granted during the years ended January 31, 2005, 2004, and 2003 was $4.08, $3.62, and 2002 was $3.62, $3.77, and $6.64, respectively, on the date of grant using the Black Scholes option-pricing model with the following weighted-average assumptions:

 

  Years ended January 31,

  Years Ended January 31,

  2004

  2003

  2002

  2005

  2004

  2003

Expected dividend yield

  0.0%  0.0%  0.0%  0.0%  0.0%  0.0%

Expected volatility

  46.2%  43.2%  43.9%  46.9%  46.2%  43.2%

Risk-free interest rate

  3.0%  4.1%  4.6%  3.8%  3.0%  4.1%

Expected life

  6 years  6 years  6 years  6 years  6 years  6 years

 

Fair Value of Financial Instruments:Instruments

 

The estimated fair values of the Company’s financial instruments have been determined using available market information. The estimates are not necessarily indicative of the amounts the Company could realize in a current market exchange. The use of different market assumptions and/or estimation methodologies may have an effect on the estimated fair value amounts. The fair value of current financial assets, current liabilities, and other assets are estimated to be equal to their carrying amounts.

 

Reclassifications:Reclassifications

 

Certain prior period balances have been reclassified to conform to the current period presentation.

 

Comprehensive Income:Income

 

SFAS No. 130, “Reporting Comprehensive Income,” requires additional disclosures in the consolidated financial statements to reflect net unrealized gains (losses) on available for sale securities, net of income tax. The Company had no unrealized gains (losses) on available for sale securities and therefore there was no difference between net income (loss)loss and comprehensive income (loss)loss for the years ended January 31, 2005, 2004, 2003, and 2002.2003.

3.Recent Accounting Pronouncements

In December 2004, the FASB issued SFAS No. 123 (revised 2004) (“Statement 123(R)”), “Share-Based Payment,” which revised Statement No. 123, “Accounting for Stock-Based Compensation.” This statement supersedes APB Opinion No. 25, “Accounting for Stock Issued to Employees.” The revised statement addresses the accounting for share-based payment transactions with employees and other third parties, eliminates the ability to account for share-based compensation transactions using APB 25, and requires that the compensation costs relating to such transactions be recognized in the consolidated statement of operations. The revised statement is effective as of the first fiscal year beginning after June 15, 2005. The Company will adopt the statement on February 1, 2006 as required. The Company is allowed to select from two alternative transition methods, each having different reporting implications. The Company has not completed its evaluation of the methods of adopting Statement 123(R). Accordingly, the impact of adoption of Statement 123(R) cannot be predicted at this time because it will depend on the method of adoption selected and on levels of share-based payments granted in the future.

In December 2004, the FASB issued SFAS No. 153, “Exchanges of Nonmonetary Assets—an amendment of APB Opinion No. 29.” SFAS 153 amends the guidance in APB Opinion No. 29, “Accounting for Nonmonetary Transactions,” based on the principle that exchanges of nonmonetary assets should be measured based on the fair value of the assets exchanged. The guidance in that Opinion, however, included certain exceptions to that principle. SFAS 153 amends Opinion 29 to eliminate the exception for nonmonetary exchanges of similar productive assets and replaces it with a general exception for exchanges of nonmonetary assets that do not have

COMARCO, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

 

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS—(Continued)

 

4.Recent Accounting Pronouncements

In January 2003,commercial substance. A nonmonetary exchange has commercial substance if the FASB issued Interpretation No. 46, “Consolidationfuture cash flows of Variable Interest Entities, an interpretationthe entity are expected to change significantly as a result of ARB No. 51.” This Interpretation addresses the consolidation by business enterprisesexchange. The provisions of variable interest entities as definedSFAS 153 are effective for nonmonetary asset exchanges occurring in the Interpretation.fiscal periods beginning after June 15, 2005. The Interpretation applies immediatelyprovisions of SFAS 153 are not expected to variable interests in variable interest entities created after January 31, 2003, and to variable interests in variable interest entities obtained after January 31, 2003. The application of this Interpretation did not have a material effect on ourthe Company’s consolidated financial statements. The Interpretation requires certain disclosures in financial statements issued after January 31, 2003 if it is reasonably possible that we will consolidate or disclose information about variable interest entities when the Interpretation becomes effective. In October 2003, the FASB deferred the effective date of this Interpretation for pre-existing variable interest entities to no later than February 2004. The Company has no variable interest entities that would require disclosure or consolidations under FIN No. 46.

 

In December 2003,November 2004, the FASB issued a revision to FIN No. 46 (FIN No. 46-R), which incorporated the October 2003 deferral provisions and clarified and revised accounting guidance for all variable interest entities. All variable interest entities, regardless of when created, are required to be evaluated under FIN No. 46-R no later than the first interim or annual reporting period ending after March 15, 2004. The Company does not expect the adoption of FIN No. 46-R will have a material impact on its consolidated financial statements. The Company has no variable interest entities that would require consolidation or disclosure.

In May 2003, FASB issued SFAS No. 150, “Accounting for Certain Financial Instruments with Characteristics151 (“Statement 151”), “Inventory Costs—an amendment of both Liabilities and Equity.ARB No. 43, Chapter 4.” SFAS 151 amends the guidance in ARB No. 150 establishes standards43, Chapter 4, “Inventory Pricing,” to clarify the accounting for how an issuer classifiesabnormal amounts of idle facility expense, freight, handling costs, and measures certain financial instruments with characteristicswasted material (spoilage). This statement requires that those items be recognized as current-period charges. In addition, SFAS 151 requires that allocation of both debt and equity and requires an issuerfixed production overheads to classify the following instruments as liabilities in its balance sheet:

A financial instrument issued incosts of conversion be based on the form of shares that is mandatorily redeemable and embodies an unconditional obligation that requires the issuer to redeem it by transferring its assets at a specified or determinable date or upon an event that is certain to occur;

A financial instrument, other than an outstanding share, that embodies an obligation to repurchase the issuer’s equity shares, or is indexed to such an obligation, and requires the issuer to settle the obligation by transferring assets; and

A financial instrument that embodies an unconditional obligation that the issuer must settle by issuing a variable number of its equity shares if the monetary valuenormal capacity of the obligation is based solely or predominantly on (1) a fixed monetary amount, (2) variations in something other than the fair value of the issuer’s equity shares, or (3) variations inversely related to changes in the fair value of the issuer’s equity shares.

Certainproduction facilities. The provisions of SFAS No. 150151 are effective immediately. However, generally SFAS No. 150 is effective for financial instruments as of the first interim periodinventory costs incurred during fiscal years beginning after DecemberJune 15, 2004. SFAS No. 150 is to be implemented by reporting the cumulative effect of a change in accounting principle.2005. The Company does not expectis currently evaluating the effect that the adoption of SFAS No. 150151 will have a material impact on itsthe Company’s consolidated financial statements.

 

5.4.Asset Impairment Charges

 

During fiscal 2003, the Company experienced reduced demand for its legacy wireless test solutions products in the wireless marketplace. The Company developed a strategy of investing available resources in the development of Seven.Five, a new product platform, and management analyzed the carrying value of all assets attributable to the Company’s wireless test solutions business. Based on this analysis, the Company recorded asset impairment charges totaling $12.5 million during the second quarter of fiscal 2003. The following table sets forth the impaired assets and corresponding impairment charges (in thousands):

COMARCO, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

 

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS—(Continued)

  (Restated)

Property and equipment

  $205  $205

Software development costs (included in cost of revenue)

   5,619   5,619

Intangible assets (included in discontinued operations)

   2,583   2,583

Goodwill (included in discontinued operations)

   4,053   4,053
  

  

  $12,460  $12,460
  

  

 

During the 2004 fiscal year, the reporting unit (EDX) that gave rise to the goodwill and intangible asset impairment charges was sold. As a consequence, all of the current and prior operations of that reporting unit have been reclassified to discontinued operations, including the aforementioned goodwill and intangible asset impairment charge (see noteNote 6).

 

In addition to the asset impairment charges above, an inventory impairment charge, totaling $1.3 million was recorded as cost of revenue in fiscal 2003. The above asset impairment charges, as well as the inventory impairment charge are exclusively related to the Company’s legacy 2G wireless test solution products and do not include any assets related to the Company’s engineering services business, which ceased operations during the second quarter of fiscal 2003. The exit costs associated with ourthe Company’s exit from the engineering services business totaled $151,000.

 

6.5.Discontinued Operations

 

On January 6, 2004, Comarco sold the assets of the reporting unit EDX. This reporting unit was formerly included in the wireless test solutions segment.

 

Pursuant to SFAS No. 144, “Accounting for the Impairment or Disposal of Long-Lived Assets,” the consolidated financial statements of Comarco have been reclassified to segregate the revenue, costs and expenses, assets and liabilities, and cash flows of EDX. The net operating results, assets, liabilities, and net cash flows of EDX have been reported as “discontinued operations.” Gross proceeds from the sale totaled $600,000.

COMARCO, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS—(Continued)

 

Additionally, during fiscal 2001, the Company sold its defense and commercial staffing businesses, the non-wireless businesses. Adjustments made to the estimated exit costs of these businesses are recorded as discontinued operations.

COMARCO, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS—(Continued)

 

Following is summarized financial information for the discontinued operations (in thousands):

 

   Years Ended January 31,

 
   2004

  2003

  2002

 

Revenue

  $1,068  $1,337   1,654 
   

  


 


Income from discontinued operations of EDX (net of income tax expense (benefit) of $148, ($954), and ($360), respectively)

  $258  $(5,209) $(379)

Income from discontinued operations of non-wireless businesses (net of income tax expense (benefit) of $11, $13 and ($31), respectively)

   19   24   55 

Gain on disposal of EDX business (net of income tax expense of $183)

   319       
   

  


 


Income (loss) from discontinued operations

  $596  $(5,185) $(324)
   

  


 


   Years Ended January 31,

 
       2005    

      2004    

      2003    

 

Revenue

  $—    $1,068  $1,337 
   

  

  


Income from discontinued operations of EDX (net of income tax expense (benefit) of $0, $148, and ($954), respectively)

  $—    $258  $(5,209)

Income from discontinued operations of non-wireless businesses (net of income tax expense of $0, $11, and $13, respectively)

   325   19   24 

Gain on disposal of EDX business (net of income tax expense of $0, $183, and $0, respectively)

   —     319   —   
   

  

  


Income (loss) from discontinued operations

  $325  $596  $(5,185)
   

  

  


 

7.6.Accounts Receivable

 

Accounts receivable consist of the following (in thousands):

 

  January 31,

   January 31,

 
  2004

 2003

   2005

 2004

 

Trade accounts receivable

  $9,576  $1,411   $6,107  $9,576 

Less: Allowances for doubtful accounts

   (594)  (217)   (831)  (594)
  


 


  


 


  $8,982  $1,194   $5,276  $8,982 
  


 


  


 


 

During the fourth quarter of fiscal 2003, the Company recognized a credit to one of ourits customers in the amount of $3.2 million, applied as a reduction of receivables and revenue. The credit was issued to oura ChargeSource product line distributor in conjunction with a voluntary product safety recall of ourthe Company’s 70-watt AC power adapters.

 

During the third quarter of fiscal 2004, the remaining $1.1 million unused credit was recognized as revenue, upon the expiration of the right of return in accordance with the recall agreement with Targus Group International (“Targus”).

 

8.7.Inventory

 

Inventory consists of the following (in thousands):

 

   January 31,

   2004

  2003

Raw materials

  $4,022  $2,483

Work-in-process

   599   352

Finished goods

   1,529   821
   

  

   $6,150  $3,656
   

  

During fiscal 2003, the Company recorded as cost of revenue a non-cash inventory impairment charge, totaling $1.3 million. As discussed in Note 5, the inventory impairment charge was related to the Company’s legacy 2G wireless test solutions products.

   January 31,

   2005

  2004

Raw materials

  $5,186  $4,022

Work-in-process

   471   599

Finished goods

   2,791   1,529
   

  

   $8,448  $6,150
   

  

COMARCO, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

 

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS—(Continued)

 

9.8.Property and Equipment

 

Property and equipment consist of the following (in thousands):

 

  January 31,

   January 31,

 
  2004

 2003

   2005

 2004

 

Office furnishings and fixtures

  $1,758  $1,648   $1,949  $1,758 

Equipment

   8,586   9,046    8,051   8,586 

Purchased software

   377   432    320   377 
  


 


  


 


   10,721   11,126    10,320   10,721 

Less: Accumulated depreciation and amortization

   (7,590)  (7,601)   (8,166)  (7,590)
  


 


  


 


  $3,131  $3,525   $2,154  $3,131 
  


 


  


 


During fiscal 2005, equipment and purchased software with a cost basis of $862,000 and $85,000, respectively, and accumulated depreciation of $842,000 and $84,000, respectively, were retired upon completion of fixed asset physical inventory observations.

 

During the second quarter of fiscal 2004, equipment and purchased software with a cost basis of $1.8 million and $116,000 and accumulated depreciation of $1.8 million and $106,000, respectively, were retired upon completion of a fixed asset physical inventory.

 

During the second quarter of fiscal 2003, the Company recorded a non-cash property and equipment impairment charge in the amount of $205,000, relating to assets with a cost basis of $1.7 million. As discussed in Note 5, the property and equipment impairment charge was related to the Company’s legacy 2G wireless test solutions products.

10.9.Software Development Costs

 

Software development costs consist of the following (in thousands):

 

  January 31,

   January 31,

 
  2004

 2003

   2005

 2004

 

Capitalized software development costs

  $8,978  $9,362   $8,978  $8,978 

Less: Accumulated amortization

   (3,442)  (3,804)   (5,435)  (3,442)
  


 


  


 


  $5,536  $5,558   $3,543  $5,536 
  


 


  


 


 

Capitalized software development costs for the years ended January 31, 2005, 2004, and 2003 and 2002 totaled $0, $2.8 million, $3.8 million, and $5.5$3.8 million, respectively. Included in the capitalized software development costs for the year ended January 31, 2003 is approximately $0.4 million paid to SwissQual, an affiliate of the Company, for software development services related to Seven.Five, the Company’s new product platform, released in the first quarter of fiscal 2004. Amortization of software development costs for the years ended January 31, 2005, 2004, and 2003 and 2002 totaled $2.0 million, $2.8 million, $2.7 million, and $2.6$2.7 million, respectively, and have been reported in cost of revenue in the accompanying consolidated financial statements. Future amortization on a straight line basis for fiscal 2006, 2007, and 2008 is expected to be $1.8 million, $1.4 million, and $0.3 million, respectively.

 

During the first quarter of fiscal 2004, fully amortized software development costs totaling $3.2 million and the corresponding accumulated amortization were retired.

During the second quarter ended July 31, 2002, the Company recorded a non-cash impairment charge included in cost of revenue totaling $5.6 million related to capitalized software development costs. As noted in Note 5, the asset impairment charge was attributable to the Company’s legacy 2G wireless test solutions products.

COMARCO, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

 

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS—(Continued)

 

11.10.Goodwill and Acquired Intangible Assets

 

Goodwill and acquired intangible assets consist of the following (in thousands):

 

  January 31,

   January 31,

 
  2004

 

2003

(restated)


   2005

 2004

 

Goodwill

  $2,394  $2,394   $2,394  $2,394 
  


 


  


 


Acquired intangible assets:

      

Definite-lived intangible assets:

      

Software algorithms

  $255  $255   $255  $255 

License rights

   971   451    1,073   971 

Intellectual property rights

   788       1,244   788 
  


 


  


 


   2,014   706    2,572   2,014 

Less: accumulated amortization

   (526)  (200)   (1,077)  (526)
  


 


  


 


Total acquired intangible assets, net

  $1,488  $506   $1,495  $1,488 
  


 


  


 


 

The following table presents goodwill by reportable segment:

 

  Wireless
Applications


  Wireless Test
Solutions


  Total

Balance as of January 31, 2003

  $496  $1,898  $2,394
  

  

  

  Wireless
Test Solutions


  Call Box

  Mobile
Power Products


  Total

Balance as of January 31, 2004

  $496  $1,898  $2,394  $1,898  $496  $—    $2,394
  

  

  

  

  

  

  

Balance as of January 31, 2005

  $1,898  $496  $—    $2,394
  

  

  

  

 

The following table presents the future expected amortization of the definite-lived intangible assets (in thousands):

 

  Amortization
Expense


  Amortization
Expense


Fiscal year:

      

2005

  $422

2006

   360  $420

2007

   293   359

2008

   126   191

2009

   113   178

2010

   178

Thereafter

   174   169
  

  

Total estimated amortization expense

  $1,488  $1,495
  

  

 

The Company ceased amortizing goodwill and indefinite-lived intangible assets beginning February 1, 2002 upon adoption of SFAS No. 142. Amortization of definite-lived acquired intangible assets for the years ended January 31, 2005, 2004, 2003, and 20022003 amounted to $550,000, $326,000, $200,000, and $331,000,$200,000, respectively.

 

As discussed in Notes 2 and 5, $4.1 million of goodwill and $2.6 million of intangible assets including purchased technology and customer base were written-off in fiscal 2003. During fiscal 2004, the Company acquired $520,000 in license rights related to mobile phone technologies. Additionally, the Company recognized $788,000 of intellectual property rights through the purchase of 189,199130,000 minority shares of CWT. During fiscal 2003,2005, the Company acquired $451,000$102,000 in license rights that will enablerelated to mobile phone technologies. Additionally, the wireless test solutions business unit to increase its product offerings.Company recognized $456,000 of intellectual property rights through the purchase of 66,000 minority shares of CWT.

COMARCO, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

 

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS—(Continued)

 

As requiredThe useful lives of the license rights related to mobile phone technologies are based upon the term of the underlying agreement and range from 1 to 4 years. The useful life of the intellectual property rights acquired through the purchase of minority interests is seven years and is based upon the life of CWT’s core technology as evaluated by SFAS No. 142, the Company ceased amortizing goodwill and other intangible assets deemed to have indefinite lives beginning February 1, 2002. The Company recognized $420,000 of goodwill amortization in fiscal 2002 that will not recur in future years.a qualified third party.

The following supplemental pro forma information presents the Company’s net income (loss) and net income (loss) per share information as if the Company had been accounting for its goodwill under SFAS No. 142 for all periods presented (in thousands):

   Years Ended January 31,

   2004

  

2003

(restated)


  

2002

(restated)


Net income (loss)—as reported

  $(1,246) $(10,143) $5,102

Adjustments:

            

Amortization of goodwill

         420
   


 


 

Net income (loss)—as adjusted

  $(1,246) $(10,143) $5,522
   


 


 

Adjusted basic net income (loss) per share

  $(0.17) $(1.45) $0.78
   


 


 

Adjusted diluted net income (loss) per share

  $(0.17) $(1.45) $0.74
   


 


 

 

12.11.Accrued Liabilities

 

Accrued liabilities consist of the following (in thousands):

 

  January 31,

  January 31,

  2004

  

2003

(restated)


  2005

  2004

Accrued payroll and related expenses

  $1,403  $1,710  $1,838  $1,403

Accrued divestiture liabilities

   213   275   —     213

Uninvoiced receipts

   1,383   765   1,963   1,383

Accrued product safety recall costs

      183

Accrued legal and professional fees

   548   534   652   788

Accrued federal and state income taxes

   496   14   —     14

Accrued travel expenses

   42   177   98   42

Accrued temporary labor

   108   31   14   108

Due to affiliate

   352      103   352

Other

   736   554   338   496
  

  

  

  

  $5,281  $4,243  $5,006  $4,799
  

  

  

  

 

13.ChargeSource Product Recall

In cooperation with the U.S. Consumer Products Safety Commission, on March 20, 2003, Comarco voluntarily initiated a product safety recall of certain of its ChargeSource AC power adapters. This product safety recall impacts approximately 125,000 units that were sold in fiscal 2003. Comarco and Targus, the Company’s former distributor of ChargeSource products, entered into an agreement to address the potential impact of the recall action on Targus. Under the terms of the agreement Comarco issued a $3.2 million credit to Targus in fiscal 2003 in consideration of a full release. Additionally, of the $3.2 million credit issued to Targus in the fourth quarter of fiscal 2003, qualifying product returns totaling $2.1 million were received from Targus through September 14, 2003, the date through which returns were allowed under the terms of the agreement. The remaining unused portion of the credit in the amount of $1.1 million was recognized as revenue during the third quarter ended October 31, 2003.

Additionally, in fiscal 2003 the Company accrued $183,000 in costs related to the recall action.

The following table presents a reconciliation of the use of the product recall accrual (in thousands):

COMARCO, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS—(Continued)

Product Recall

Liability

1/31/03

(restated)


  Adjustments

 Payments

 

Product Recall

Liability

01/31/04


$        183  $        (67) $        (116) $         —

  
 
 

Any additional product recall costs will be charged to expense as incurred and the Company believes that any additional recall costs will be minor.

14.12.Warranty Arrangements

 

Standard Warranty

 

The Company records an accrual for estimated warranty costs as products are sold. Warranty costs are estimated based on periodic analysis of historical experience. Changes in the estimated warranty accruals are recorded when the change in estimate is identified. A summary of the standard warranty accrual activity is shown in the table below (in thousands):

 

  January 31,

   January 31,

 
  2004

 2003

   2005

 2004

 

Beginning balance

  $313  $278   $282  $313 

Accruals for warranties issued during the period

   511   638    450   511 

Utilization

   (542)  (603)   (555)  (542)
  


 


  


 


  $282  $313   $177  $282 
  


 


  


 


COMARCO, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS—(Continued)

 

Extended Warranty

 

Revenue for ourthe Company’s extended warranty contracts is deferred and recognized on a straight line basis over the contract period. Costs incurred under separately priced extended warranty arrangements are expensed as incurred. A summary of the extended warranty activity is shown in the table below (in thousands):

 

   January 31,

 
   2004

  2003

 

Beginning balance

  $2,265  $3,861 

Recognition of revenue

   (2,094)  (2,541)

Deferral of revenue for new contracts

   1,733   945 
   


 


   $1,904  $2,265 
   


 


COMARCO, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS—(Continued)

   January 31,

 
   2005

  2004

 

Beginning balance

  $1,904  $2,265 

Recognition of revenue

   (1,690)  (2,094)

Deferral of revenue for new contracts

   894   1,733 
   


 


   $1,108  $1,904 
   


 


 

15.13.Income Taxes

 

Income taxes from continuing operations consist of the following amounts (in thousands):

 

  Years Ended January 31,

   Years Ended January 31,

 
  2004

 

2003

(restated)


 

2002

(restated)


   2005

 2004

 2003

 

Federal:

      

Current

  $415  $(295) $1,523   $(393) $415  $(295)

Deferred

   (1,049)  (2,159)  1,432    2,508   (1,049)  (2,159)

State:

      

Current

   417   (111)  (3)   (57)  417   (111)

Deferred

   (791)  (368)  204    368   (791)  (368)
  


 


 


  


 


 


  $(1,008) $(2,933) $3,156   $2,426  $(1,008) $(2,933)
  


 


 


  


 


 


 

During the years ended January 31, 2005, 2004, 2003, and 2002,2003, the Company recognized a credit to additional paid-in capital corresponding to the reduction of income taxes payable in the amounts of $0, $348,000, $586,000, and $657,000,$586,000, respectively, as a result of the tax benefit from exercises of Company nonqualified stock options.

 

The effective income tax rate on incomeloss from continuing operations differs from the United States statutory income tax rates for the reasons set forth in the table below (dollars in thousands).

 

   Years Ended January 31,

 
   2004

  

2003

(restated)


  

2002

(restated)


 
   Amount

  Percent
Pretax
Income


  Amount

  Percent
Pretax
Income


  Amount

  Percent
Pretax
Income


 

Computed “expected” tax on income (loss) from continuing operations before income taxes

  $(969) (34.0)% $(2,683) (34.0)% $2,918  34.0%

State tax, net of federal benefit

   (198) (6.9)  (253) (3.2)  515  6.0 

Research credit

   (170) (6.0)  (174) (2.2)  (476) (5.5)

MIC credit

        (30) (0.4)  (176) (2.1)

Goodwill

             404  4.7 

Other, net

   329  11.5   207  2.6   (29) (0.3)
   


 

 


 

 


 

Income tax expense (benefit)

  $(1,008) (35.4)% $(2,933) (37.2)% $3,156  36.8%
   


 

 


 

 


 

   Years Ended January 31,

 
   2005

  2004

  2003

 
   Amount

  Percent
Pretax
Income


  Amount

  Percent
Pretax
Income


  Amount

  Percent
Pretax
Income


 

Computed “expected” tax on loss from
continuing operations before income taxes

  $(2,705) (34.0)% $(969) (34.0)% $(2,683) (34.0)%

State tax, net of federal benefit

   (269) (3.4)  (198) (6.9)  (253) (3.2)

Research and MIC credits

   (501) (6.3)  (170) (6.0)  (204) (2.6)

Change in valuation allowance

   6,256  78.6   —    —     —    —   

Receivable account adjustment

   (446) (5.6)  —    —     —    —   

Other, net

   91  1.2   329  11.5   207  2.6 
   


 

 


 

 


 

Income tax expense (benefit)

  $2,426  30.5% $(1,008) (35.4)% $(2,933) (37.2)%
   


 

 


 

 


 

COMARCO, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS—(Continued)

The receivable account adjustment relates to the third quarter tax benefit of $446,000 due to the generation of refund claims created upon completion of our fiscal 2004 corporate tax returns in the third quarter.

 

The total income tax expense (benefit) recorded for the years ended January 31, 2005, 2004, 2003 and 20022003 was recorded as follows (in thousands):

 

   Years Ended January 31,

 
   2004

  

2003

(restated)


  

2002

(restated)


 

Tax expense (benefit) from continuing operations

  $(1,008) $(2,933) $3,156 

Tax expense (benefit) from discontinued operations

   342   (941)  (391)
   


 


 


   $(666) $(3,874) $2,765 
   


 


 


COMARCO, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS—(Continued)

   Years Ended January 31,

 
   2005

  2004

  2003

 

Tax expense (benefit) from continuing operations

  $2,426  $(1,008) $(2,933)

Tax expense (benefit) from discontinued operations

   —     342   (941)
   

  


 


   $2,426  $(666) $(3,874)
   

  


 


 

The tax effects of temporary differences that give rise to significant portions of the deferred tax assets and liabilities at January 31, 20042005 and 20032004 are as follows (in thousands):

 

  January 31,

   January 31,

 
  2004

 

2003

(restated)


   2005

 2004

 

Deferred tax assets:

      

Accounts receivable

  $321  $158   $325  $321 

Inventory

   1,795   1,848    947   1,795 

Property and equipment, principally due to differing depreciation methods

   86   82    295   86 

Employee benefits, principally due to accrual for financial reporting purposes

   1,253   1,207    978   1,253 

Accrued liabilities for financial reporting purposes

   440   213    80   440 

Research and manufacturer investment credit carry forwards

   1,533   729 

Research and manufacturer investment credit carryforwards

   1,257   726 

Net operating losses

   3,214   —   

Deferred revenue

   1,123       398   1,123 

Other

   (233)  191    147   (233)
  


 


  


 


Total gross deferred tax assets

   6,318   4,428    7,641   5,511 

Less valuation allowance

      (225)   (6,256)  —   
  


 


  


 


Net deferred tax assets

  $6,318  $4,203   $1,385  $5,511 
  


 


  


 


Deferred tax liabilities:

      

Software development costs

   2,309   2,223   $1,385  $2,309 

Property and equipment, principally due to differing depreciation methods

   326   109    —     326 
  


 


  


 


Total deferred tax liabilities

  $2,635  $2,332 

Total gross deferred tax liabilities

  $1,385  $2,635 
  


 


  


 


Net deferred tax asset

  $3,683  $1,871   $—    $2,876 
  


 


  


 


During the second quarter of fiscal 2005, as a result of incurring cumulative losses for a three year period, the Company established a valuation allowance totaling approximately $2.9 million or the entire deferred tax asset, as reclassified. The Company reclassified $807,000 of reserves relating to research and experimentation credits included in the current taxes receivable as of January 31, 2004 to the net deferred tax asset upon the determination that it was more likely than not that the benefit of $807,000 would not be realized.

COMARCO, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS—(Continued)

 

The Company has federal and state research and experimentation credit carry forwardscarryforwards of $637,000$910,000 and $881,000,$1.1 million, which expire through 20222025 and indefinitely, respectively. Additionally, for state tax purposes, the Company has a manufacturer investment credit carryforward of $15,000, which expires through 2010.

In addition, the Company has federal and State net operating loss carryforwards of $8.5 million and $6.3 million, which expire through 2025 and 2015, respectively.

 

In assessing the realizability of deferred tax assets, management considers whether it is more likely than not that some portion or all of the deferred tax assets will not be realized. The ultimate realization of deferred tax assets is dependent upon the generation of future taxable income. There was a $225,000$6.3 million valuation allowance for deferred tax assets as of January 31, 2003, relating2005, based on management’s overall assessment of risks and uncertainties related to state researchthe Company’s future ability to realize, and experimentation credits which are not “more likely than not” to be realized,hence utilize, the deferred tax assets, and no valuation allowance for the year ended January 31, 2004. If the valuation allowance of $6.3 million is reversed in the future, $6.2 million will benefit the provision and $0.1 million will be credited to paid-in capital.

 

16.14.Stock Compensation

 

Comarco, Inc. has stock-based compensation plans under which outside directors and certain employees receive stock options. The employee stock option plans and a director stock option plan provide that officers, key employees, and directors may be granted options to purchase up to 2,704,337 shares of common stock of the Company at not less than 100 percent of the fair market value at the date of grant, unless the optionee is a 10 percent shareholder of the Company, in which case the price must not be less than 110 percent of the fair market value. Figures for these plans reflect a 3-for-2 stock split declared during the year ended January 31, 2001. The options are exercisable in installments determined by the compensation committee of the Company’s Board of Directors; however, no employee option may be exercised prior to one year following the grant of the option. The options expire as determined by the committee, but no later than ten years and one week after the date of grant (five years for 10 percent shareholders). These plans expire through December 2010.

Transactions and other information relating to these plans for the three years ended January 31, 2005 are summarized below:

   Outstanding Options

   Number of
Shares


  Weighted-Average
Exercise Price


Balance, January 31, 2002

  938,895  $13.66

Options granted

  82,500   7.92

Options canceled or expired

  (117,500)  17.04

Options exercised

  (53,625)  4.71
   

   

Balance, January 31, 2003

  850,270   13.21

Options granted

  123,000   7.54

Options canceled or expired

  (97,000)  16.14

Options exercised

  (71,250)  4.30
   

   

Balance, January 31, 2004

  805,020   12.77

Options granted

  135,000   8.22

Options canceled or expired

  (36,000)  9.03

Options exercised

  (45,000)  5.36
   

   

Balance, January 31, 2005

  859,020  $12.60
   

   

COMARCO, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

 

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS—(Continued)

 

10 percent shareholders). These plans expire through December 2010. Transactions and other information relating to these plans for the three years ended January 31, 2004 are summarized below:

   Outstanding Options

   Number of
Shares


  Weighted-Average
Exercise Price


Balance, January 31, 2001

  849,170  $14.02

Options granted

  200,500   13.58

Options canceled or expired

  (86,400)  17.47

Options exercised

  (24,375)  11.64
   

   

Balance, January 31, 2002

  938,895   13.66

Options granted

  82,500   7.92

Options canceled or expired

  (117,500)  17.04

Options exercised

  (53,625)  4.71
   

   

Balance, January 31, 2003

  850,270   13.21

Options granted

  123,000   7.54

Options canceled or expired

  (97,000)  16.14

Options exercised

  (71,250)  4.30
   

   

Balance, January 31, 2004

  805,020  $12.77
   

   

The following table summarizes information about stock options outstanding at January 31, 2004:2005:

 


  Options Outstanding

  Options Exercisable

  Options Outstanding

  Options Exercisable

Range of

Exercise Prices


  

Number

Outstanding


  

Weighted-Avg.
Remaining

Contractual Life


 

Weighted-Avg.

Exercise Price


  

Number

Exercisable


  

Weighted-Avg.

Exercise Price


  Number
Outstanding


  Weighted-Average
Remaining
Contractual Life


 Weighted-Average
Exercise Price


  Number
Exercisable


  Weighted-Average
Exercise Price


$ 3.42 to 5.75  45,000            0.9 years $5.36  45,000  $5.36
6.91 to 9.67  250,500            7.7  8.05  71,250   9.00
$ 6.91 to 9.89  357,000  6.1  $  8.11  103,000  $  8.41
10.00 to 12.41  131,145            5.5  11.51  99,145   11.48  125,145  4.6   11.50  94,395   11.48
13.21 to 17.50  235,875            5.0  14.52  201,125   14.52  234,375  4.4   14.56  216,750   14.53
19.33 to 23.67  142,500            6.3  21.63  106,875   21.63  142,500  5.3   21.63  142,500   21.63
  
     
     
     
   
$ 3.42 to 23.67  805,020            5.9 years  12.77  523,395   13.86
$ 6.91 to 23.67  859,020  5.3 years  12.60  556,645   14.70
  
     
     
     
   

 

Stock options exercisable at January 31, 2005, 2004, and 2003 were 556,645, 523,395, and 2002 were 523,395, 600,895, and 561,707, respectively, at weighted-average exercise prices of $14.70, $13.86, $12.63, and $11.50,$12.63, respectively. Shares available under the plans for future grants at January 31, 2005, 2004, and 2003 were 81,687, 188,187, and 2002 were 197,437, 223,437, and 188,437, respectively.

COMARCO, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS—(Continued)

 

CWT also has a subsidiary stock option plan. Under this plan, officers and key employees of CWT may be granted options to purchase up to 600,000 shares of common stock of CWT at not less than 100 percent of the fair market value at the date of grant.

 

As of January 31, 2004,2005, the Company owned 3,287,000 outall of the 3,308,0003,353,000 outstanding shares of CWT common stock. The fair market value of the shares and the exercise dates of the options are determined by the compensation committee of the Company’s Board of Directors; however, no option may be exercised prior to one year following the grant of the option. The options expire as determined by the compensation committee, but not later than ten years and one week after the date of grant.

 

InDuring the years ended January 31, 2005, 2004, 2003, and 2002,2003, no options were granted. Ingranted under the year ended January 31, 2002, 61,000 options were exercised at a weighted-average exercise price of $3.93 per share, and 6,000 options were canceled at a weighted-average exercise price of $14.68 per share.CWT option plan. In the year ended January 31, 2003, 128,000 options were exercised at a weighted-average exercise price of $2.89 per share, and 6,000 options were canceled at a weighted-average exercise price of $17.62 per share. In the year ended January 31, 2004, 69,000 options were exercised at a weighted-average exercise price of $5.20. In the year ended January 31, 2005, 30,000 options were exercised at a weighted average exercise price of $4.30 per share.

Stock options exercisable at January 31, 2005, 2004, and 2003 were 49,000, 79,000, and 2002 were 79,000, 148,000, and 282,000, respectively, at weighted-average exercise prices of $12.34, $9.29, $7.38, and $5.56,$7.38, respectively. Shares available under the plan for future grants at January 31, 2004, 2003, and 20022005 were 198,000, 198,000, and 192,000, respectively.198,000.

 

The following table summarizes information about CWT stock options outstanding at January 31, 2004:2005:

 

  

Options Outstanding


 

Options Exercisable


Range of

Exercise Prices


 

Number

Outstanding


 

Weighted-Avg.
Remaining

Contractual Life


 

Weighted-Avg.

Exercise Price


 

Number

Exercisable


 

Weighted-Avg.

Exercise Price


$                4.30

 30,000 0.9 years $  4.30 30,000 $  4.30

11.97 to 13.22

 46,000 1.9           12.00 46,000 12.00

17.62

 3,000 3.1           17.62 3,000 17.62
  
     
  

$ 4.30 to 17.62

 79,000 1.6 years $  9.29 79,000 $  9.29
  
     
  
   Options Outstanding

  Options Exercisable

Range of
Exercise Prices


  Number
Outstanding


  Weighted-Average
Remaining
Contractual Life


  Weighted-Average
Exercise Price


  Number
Exercisable


  Weighted-Average
Exercise Price


$ 11.97 to 13.22  46,000  0.8 years $12.00  46,000  $12.00
17.62  3,000  2.1    17.62  3,000   17.62
   
         
    
$ 11.97 to 17.62  49,000  1.0   $12.34  49,000  $12.34
   
         
    

COMARCO, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

 

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS—(Continued)

 

17.15.Earnings (Loss)Loss Per Share

 

The Company calculates basic earnings (loss) per share by dividing net income (loss) by the weighted average number of common shares outstanding during the reporting period. Diluted earnings per share reflect the effects of potentially dilutive securities. Since the Company incurred a net loss for fiscal 2005, 2004, and 2003, basic and diluted net loss per share were the same because the inclusion of 11,678, 29,008 and 38,858 potentially dilutive securities, respectively, would have been anti-dilutive. The reconciliation of the basic and diluted earnings per share computations is as follows (in thousands, except per share data):

 

   Years Ended January 31,

 
   2004

  

2003

(restated)


  

2002

(restated)


 

Basic:

             

Income (loss) from continuing operations

  $(1,842) $(4,958) $5,426 

Weighted average shares outstanding

   7,139   6,993   7,035 
   


 


 


Basic earnings (loss) per share from continuing operations

  $(0.26) $(0.71) $0.77 
   


 


 


Income (loss) from discontinued operations

  $596  $(5,185) $(324)

Weighted average shares outstanding

   7,139   6,993   7,035 
   


 


 


Basic earning (loss) per share from discontinued operations

  $0.09  $(0.74) $(0.05)
   


 


 


Net income (loss)

  $(1,246) $(10,143) $5,102 

Weighted average shares outstanding

   7,139   6,993   7,035 
   


 


 


Basic earnings (loss) per share

  $(0.17) $(1.45) $0.72 
   


 


 


Diluted:

             

Income (loss) from continuing operations

  $(1,842) $(4,958) $5,426 

Effect of subsidiary options

         (228)
   


 


 


Income (loss) used in calculation of diluted earnings per share from continuing operations

  $(1,842) $(4,958) $5,198 
   


 


 


Weighted average shares outstanding

   7,139   6,993   7,035 

Effect of dilutive securities—stock options

         93 
   


 


 


Weighted average shares used in calculation of diluted earnings per share from continuing operations

   7,139   6,993   7,128 
   


 


 


Diluted earnings (loss) per share from continuing operations

  $(0.26) $(0.71) $0.73 
   


 


 


COMARCO, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS—(Continued)

   Years Ended January 31,

 
   2004

  

2003

(restated)


  

2002

(restated)


 

Net income (loss) from discontinued operations

  $596  $(5,185) $(324)

Effect of subsidiary options

   (7)      
   


 


 


Net earnings (loss) used in calculation of diluted loss per share from discontinued operations

  $589  $(5,185) $(324)
   


 


 


Weighted average shares outstanding

   7,139   6,993   7,035 

Effect of dilutive securities—stock options

   29       
   


 


 


Weighted average shares used in calculation of diluted loss per share from discontinued operations

   7,168   6,993   7,035 
   


 


 


Diluted earnings (loss) per share from discontinued operations

  $0.09  $(0.74) $(0.05)
   


 


 


Net income (loss)

  $(1,246) $(10,143) $5,102 

Effect of subsidiary options

         (228)
   


 


 


Net income (loss) used in calculation of diluted earnings per share

  $(1,246) $(10,143) $4,874 
   


 


 


Weighted average shares outstanding

   7,139   6,993   7,035 

Effect of dilutive securities—stock options

         93 
   


 


 


Weighted average shares used in calculation of diluted earnings (loss) per share

   7,139   6,993   7,128 
   


 


 


Diluted earnings (loss) per share

  $(0.17) $(1.45) $0.68 
   


 


 


   Years Ended January 31,

 
   2005

  2004

  2003

 

Basic and Diluted:

             

Loss from continuing operations

  $(10,381) $(1,842) $(4,958)

Weighted average shares outstanding

   7,327   7,139   6,993 
   


 


 


Basic loss per share from continuing operations

  $(1.41) $(0.26) $(0.71)
   


 


 


Income (loss) from discontinued operations

  $325  $596  $(5,185)

Weighted average shares outstanding

   7,327   7,139   6,993 
   


 


 


Basic earning (loss) per share from discontinued operations

  $0.04  $0.09  $(0.74)
   


 


 


Net loss

  $(10,056) $(1,246) $(10,143)

Weighted average shares outstanding

   7,327   7,139   6,993 
   


 


 


Basic loss per share

  $(1.37) $(0.17) $(1.45)
   


 


 


 

18.16.Related Party Transactions

 

On July 31, 2001, the Company acquired an 18 percent equity stake in SwissQual for $1.0 million in cash. Based in Zuchwil, Switzerland, SwissQual is a developer of voice quality systems and software for measuring, monitoring, and optimizing the quality of mobile, fixed, and IP-based voice and data communications. This investment is accounted for under the cost method and is included in other assets on the consolidated balance sheets.

 

Shipments to SwissQual for the years ended January 31, 2005, 2004 and 2003 and 2002 totaled $5.4 million, $3.4 million, and $1.6 million, and $0, respectively. Accounts receivable balances due from SwissQual at January 31, 2005 and 2004 and 2003 were $2.6$1.1 million and $0.7$2.6 million, respectively. Additionally, revenue attributable to shipments to SwissQual during the last two fiscal years have beenis deferred until receipt of payment. The amountamounts deferred at January 31, 2005 and 2004 and 2003 was $2.7were $1.0 million and $0.6$2.7 million, respectively, included in deferred revenue on the accompanying consolidated balance sheets.

COMARCO, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS—(Continued)

 

During the second quarter of fiscal 2004, the Company entered into a revenue sharing agreement with SwissQual whereby SwissQual receives 10% of the revenue on all Seven.Five product sales, less associated hardware costs. At January 31, 2005 and 2004, the Company had accrued $103,000 and $352,000, respectively, relating to amounts payable to SwissQual under the revenue sharing agreement. During fiscal 2005, the Company paid $822,000 to SwissQual under the revenue sharing agreement. As of January 31, 2004, no amounts had been paid to SwissQual under the revenue sharing agreement.

 

During fiscal 2003, the Company entered into a software development agreement whereby SwissQual will develop software to be integrated into Seven.Five. In fiscal 2003 wethe Company paid SwissQual $400,000 under the software development agreement to convert existing SwissQual software to operate in the US environment. Because technological feasibility had been established, software development costs were capitalized.

COMARCO, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS—(Continued)

 

19.17.Employee Benefit Plans

 

The Company has a Savings and Retirement Plan (the “Plan”) that provides benefits to eligible employees. Under the Plan, as restated effective January 1, 2001, employees are eligible to participate on the first of the month following 30 days of employment, provided they are at least 18 years of age, by contributing between 1 percent and 20 percent of pre-tax earnings. Company contributions match employee contributions at levels as specified in the Plan document. In addition, the Company may contribute a portion of its net profits as determined by the Board of Directors. Company contributions, which consist of matching contributions, with respect to the Plan for the years ended January 31, 2005, 2004, 2003, and 20022003 were approximately $389,000, $398,000, $511,000, and $699,000,$511,000, respectively. During fiscal 2005 and 2004, the Company made $165,000 of matching contributions of $78,000 and $165,000, respectively, through forfeited matching funds previously contributed to the plan.

 

The Company also maintains a non-qualified deferred compensation plan funded by Company executives and directors. See note 3Note 2 for further discussion.

 

20.18.Supplemental Disclosures of Cash Flow Information and Noncash Investing and Financing Activities

 

  Years Ended January 31,

  Years Ended January 31,

  2004

  2003

  2002

      2005    

      2004    

      2003    

  (In thousands)  (In thousands)

Cash paid during the year for:

                  

Interest

  $1  $23  $21  $2  $1  $23

Income taxes

   2   594   1,429   110   2   594

 

In fiscal 2005, the Company issued 92,668 shares of the Company’s common stock with a fair value of $704,000 in connection with the purchase of CWT shares held by minority interests. In fiscal 2004, the Company issued 189,199 shares of the Company’s common stock with a fair value of $1,493,000 in connection with the purchase of CWT shares held by minority interests.

In fiscal 2003, the Company issued 61,869 shares of the Company’s common stock with a fair value of $520,000 in connection with the purchase of CWT shares held by minority interests.

 

In December 2001, the Company issued 95,779 shares of the Company’s common stock with a fair value of $1,202,000 in connection with the purchase of CWT shares held by minority interests.

COMARCO, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS—(Continued)

21.19.Business Segment Information

 

The Company has twothree reportable operating segments: wireless test solutions, call box, and mobile power products.

In fiscal 2004 the Company reported its revenues in two segments: wireless test solutions and wireless applications. In fiscal 2005 the Company increased the number of segments to three by separating the wireless applications segment into two separate segments, call box and mobile power products, to conform to how the chief operating decision-maker now reviews the business and to conform to current internal financial reporting. Segment information for prior years has been restated to conform to the current year presentation.

Wireless test solutions designs and manufactures hardware and software tools for use by wireless carriers, equipment vendors, and others. Radio frequency engineers, professional technicians, and others use these tools to design, deploy, and optimize wireless networks, and to verify the performance of the wireless networks once deployed.

 

Wireless applicationsThe call box segment designs and manufactures call box systems that provide emergency communication over existing wireless networks. In addition, the call box segment provides system installation and long-term maintenance services. Currently, the Company services and maintains approximately 12,000 call boxes under long-term agreements.

COMARCO, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS—(Continued)

The mobile power products segment designs and manufactures mobile power products for notebook computers, cellular telephones, PDAs, and other handheld devices. Call box products provide emergency communication over existing wireless networks. In addition to the call box products, the Company provides system installation and long-term maintenance services. Currently, there are approximately 14,000 call boxes that we service and maintain under long-term agreements.

 

Performance measurement and resource allocation for the reportable segments are based on many factors. The primary financial measures used are revenue and gross profit. The revenue, gross profit, gross margin, income (loss) from continuing operations before income taxes, and total assets attributable to these segments are as follows (in thousands):

 

  Year Ended January 31, 2005

 
  Wireless
Test
Solutions


 Call Box

 Mobile
Power
Products


 Corporate

 Total

 

Revenue

  $16,840  $6,595  $5,788  $—    $29,223 

Cost of revenue

   10,283   4,462   6,163   —     20,908 
  


 


 


 


 


Gross profit (loss)

  $6,557  $2,133  $(375) $—    $8,315 
  


 


 


 


 


Gross margin

   38.9%  32.3%  (6.5)%  —     28.5%
  


 


 


 


 


Income (loss) from continuing operations before income taxes

  $(4,339) $606  $(4,339) $117  $(7,955)
  


 


 


 


 


Assets

  $16,813  $3,720  $5,458  $14,235  $40,226 
  


 


 


 


 


  Year Ended January 31, 2004

   Year Ended January 31, 2004

 
  Wireless Test
Solutions


 Wireless
Applications


 Corporate

 Total

   Wireless
Test
Solutions


 Call Box

 Mobile
Power
Products


 Corporate

 Total

 

Revenue

  $11,150  $23,115  $  $34,265   $11,150  $6,964  $16,151  $—    $34,265 

Cost of revenue

   6,964   14,762      21,726    6,964   4,557   10,205   —     21,726 
  


 


 


 


  


 


 


 


 


Gross profit

  $4,186  $8,353  $  $12,539   $4,186  $2,407  $5,946  $—    $12,539 
  


 


 


 


  


 


 


 


 


Gross margin

   37.5%  36.1%     36.6%   37.5%  34.6%  36.8%  —     36.6%
  


 


 


 


  


 


 


 


 


Income (loss) from continuing operations before income taxes

  $(2,265) $(804) $219  $(2,850)  $(2,265) $611  $(1,415) $219  $(2,850)
  


 


 


 


  


 


 


 


 


Assets

  $18,160  $12,252  $22,209  $52,621   $18,160  $3,385  $8,867  $21,727  $52,139 
  


 


 


 


  


 


 


 


 


  

Year Ended January 31, 2003

(restated)


   Year Ended January 31, 2003

 
  Wireless Test
Solutions


 Wireless
Applications


 Corporate

 Total

   Wireless
Test
Solutions


 Call Box

 Mobile
Power
Products


 Corporate

 Total

 

Revenue

  $10,090  $25,596  $  $35,686   $10,090  $10,350  $15,246  $—    $35,686 

Cost of revenue

   13,369   16,639      30,008    13,369   5,803   10,836   —     30,008 
  


 


 


 


  


 


 


 


 


Gross profit (loss)

  $(3,279) $8,957  $  $5,678   $(3,279) $4,547  $4,410  $—    $5,678 
  


 


 


 


  


 


 


 


 


Gross margin

   (32.5)%  35.0%     15.9%   (32.5)%  43.9%  28.9%  —     15.9%
  


 


 


 


  


 


 


 


 


Income (loss) from continuing operations before income taxes

  $(10,890) $3,152  $(153) $(7,891)  $(10,890) $2,480  $672  $(153) $(7,891)
  


 


 


 


  


 


 


 


 


Assets

  $14,914  $12,002  $23,399  $50,315   $14,914  $6,247  $5,755  $23,399  $50,315 
  


 


 


 


  


 


 


 


 


  

Year Ended January 31, 2002

(restated)


 
  Wireless Test
Solutions


 Wireless
Applications


 Corporate

 Total

 

Revenue

  $28,222   21,346  $  $49,568 

Cost of revenue

   12,907   12,740      25,647 
  


 


 


 


Gross profit

  $15,315  $8,606  $  $23,921 
  


 


 


 


Gross margin

   54.3%  40.3%     48.2%
  


 


 


 


Income from continuing operations before income taxes

  $4,171  $3,633  $778  $8,582 
  


 


 


 


Assets

  $31,876  $10,725  $24,468  $67,069 
  


 


 


 


COMARCO, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

 

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS—(Continued)

 

Revenue by geographic area consisted of the following (in thousands):

 

  Years Ended January 31,

  Years Ended January 31,

  2004

  

2003

(restated)


  

2002

(restated)


  2005

  2004

  2003

North America

  $28,853  $29,543  $45,544  $15,415  $28,867  $29,575

Europe

   3,113   4,252   549   7,168   3,105   4,230

Asia

   261   1,120   1,318

Asia—Pacific

   350   260   1,114

Latin America

   2,038   771   2,157   6,290   2,033   767
  

  

  

  

  

  

  $34,265  $35,686  $49,568  $29,223  $34,265  $35,686
  

  

  

  

  

  

 

Long-lived assets outside of North America were not significant at January 31, 2005, 2004, and 2003.

We sell our products to wireless carriers, equipment vendors, and other customers located throughout the world. In fiscal 2005, 2004, and 2003, we derived 53 percent, 84 percent, and 2002.83 percent of our revenue, respectively, from customers in the United States and 47 percent, 16 percent, and 17 percent, respectively, from customers in foreign countries, as determined by the “ship to” address. The sharp increase in the percentage of sales to foreign countries during fiscal 2005 is due to the increase in sales of the WTS business, which is mostly to foreign countries, coupled with the decline in sales of the mobile power products business, which historically has been predominately sold in the United States. In fiscal 2005, sales to Brazil accounted for $5.6 million or 19.3 percent of total revenue.

 

22.20.Commitments and Contingencies

 

Rental commitments under non-cancelable operating leases, principally on the Company’s office space and equipment, were $1.0 million at January 31, 2004,2005, payable as follows (in thousands):

 

  Operating
Leases


  Operating
Leases


Fiscal Year:

      

2005

  $601

2006

   312  $576

2007

   53   367

2008

   11   38

2009

   

Thereafter

   
  

  

Total minimum lease payments

  $977  $981
  

  

 

Certain of the rental commitments are subject to increases based on the change in the Consumer Price Index. Rental expense for the years ended January 31, 2005, 2004, 2003, and 20022003 was $0.9 million, $0.8$0.9 million, and $0.8 million, respectively.

 

Purchase Commitments with Suppliers

 

WeThe Company generally issueissues purchase orders to ourits suppliers with delivery dates from four to six weeks from the purchase order date. In addition, wethe Company regularly provideprovides significant suppliers with rolling six-month forecasts of material and finished goods requirements for planning and long-lead time parts procurement purposes only. We areThe Company is committed to accept delivery of materials pursuant to ourits purchase orders subject to various contract provisions whichthat allow usit to delay receipt of such order or allow usit to cancel orders beyond certain agreed lead times. Such cancellations may or may not include cancellation costs payable by us.the Company. In the past, we havethe Company has been required to take delivery of materials from ourits suppliers that were in excess of our

COMARCO, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS—(Continued)

its requirements and we havethe Company has previously recognized charges and expenses related to such excess material. If we arethe Company is unable to adequately manage ourits suppliers and adjust such commitments for changes in demand, weit may incur additional inventory expenses related to excess and obsolete inventory. Such expenses could have a material adverse effect on ourthe Company’s business, results of operations, and financial position.

 

Employer Matching Contribution to the Company’s Savings and Retirement Plan

The Company has obligations to match employee contributions made to the Company’s savings and retirement plan. Generally, the Company’s obligation is equal to 100 percent of up to 5 percent of employees’ contribution amounts. If the Company is unable to meet the requisite matching, the Company’s Savings and Retirement Plan may need to be amended.

Legal Contingencies

On March 16, 2005, Comarco Wireless Technologies, Inc. (“Comarco”) filed a complaint against Targus, Inc. (“Targus”) (Case No. 050004166, Superior Court of The State of California in and for The County of Orange) for breach of contract, breach of implied duty of good faith and fair dealing, open book account, goods had and received, account stated, quantum valebant, and unjust enrichment.

Targus was the exclusive distributor of our ChargeSource products through January 2004, at which time they were removed as the exclusive distributor. Throughout fiscal 2005, we continued to honor our obligations under non-cancelable and non-returnable purchase orders placed by Targus and accepted by Comarco through the first quarter of fiscal 2005 in an attempt to affect an orderly wind-down of the relationship. During December 2004, Targus ceased making payments to Comarco for product shipped under an open book account. As of January 31, 2005, Targus and its affiliates owe Comarco approximately $1.0 million.

While Comarco believes this action is meritorious, this matter is in the very early stages and any loss of the amounts owed to the Company that may result from the outcome of this matter is not determinable or estimable. No significant provision has been made for losses, if any, which may result from the final outcome of this matter.

 

During fiscal 2001, the Company sold a business which,that, among other things, provided airport management services. During the fourth quarter of fiscal 2004, the Company was sued by a tenant at an airport where the Company provided management services pursuant to a contract with the County of Los Angeles (prior to the sale of this business during the 2001 fiscal year). The claimant seeks damages of $2.0 million in addition to other unspecified damages. This matter is in the very early stages and the outcome of this matter is not determinable or estimable. No provision has been made for losses, if any, which may result from the final outcome of this matter.

 

In addition to the mattermatters discussed above, the Company is from time to time involved in various legal proceedings incidental to the conduct of ourits business. We believeThe Company believes that the outcome of all such pending legal proceedings will not in the aggregate have a material adverse effect on ourits consolidated results of operations and financial position.

COMARCO, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

 

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS—(Continued)

 

23.21.Quarterly Financial Data (Unaudited)

 

Unaudited summarized financial data by quarter for 20042005 and 20032004 are as follows (in thousands, except per share data):

 

   Fiscal Year Quarters

Year ended January 31, 2004  

First

(As previously
reported)


  

First

(As restated)


  

Second

(As previously
reported)


  

Second

(As restated)


  

Third

(As previously
reported)


  

Third

(As restated)


  

Fourth

 


                      

Revenue

  $6,456  $6,220  $5,525  $5,321  $11,222  $10,873  $11,851

Gross profit

   2,502   2,218   1,217   1,011   4,993   4,646   4,664

Operating income (loss)

   (1,361)  (1,488)  (3,652)  (3,727)  1,528   1,294   800

Income (loss) from continuing operations

   (818)  (899)  (2,254)  (2,301)  985   836   522

Discontinued operations

   —     22   —     30   —     82   462

Net income (loss)

   (818)  (877)  (2,254)  (2,271)  985   918   984
   


 


 


 


 

  

  

Basic earnings (loss) per share

  $(0.12) $(0.12) $(0.31) $(0.32) $0.14  $0.13  $0.14
   


 


 


 


 

  

  

Diluted earnings (loss) per share

  $(0.12) $(0.12) $(0.31) $(0.32) $0.14  $0.13  $0.14
   


 


 


 


 

  

  

   Fiscal Year Quarters

 
Year ended January 31,
2003
  

First

(As previously
reported)


  First
(As restated)


  

Second

(As previously
reported)


  

Second

(As restated)


  

Third

(As previously
reported)


  

Third

(As restated)


  Fourth
(As previously
reported)


  

Fourth

(As restated)


 

Revenue

  $7,765  $7,524  $10,009  $9,662  $13,033  $12,619  $6,029  $5,881 

Gross profit

   2,785   2,495   2,792   (3,222)  6,340   5,879   346   526 

Operating income (loss)

   (967)  (994)  (9,313)  (6,930)  2,268   1,996   (3,120)  (2,479)

Income (loss) from continuing operations

   (537)  (562)  (6,725)  (4,261)  1,486   1,313   (1,856)  (1,448)

Discontinued operations

   —     42   —     (5,391)  —     161   —     3 

Net income (loss)

   (3,463)  (520)  (6,725)  (9,652)  1,486   1,474   (1,856)  (1,445)
   


 


 


 


 

  

  


 


Basic earnings (loss) per share

  $(0.50) $(0.07) $(0.96) $(1.39) $0.21  $0.21  $(0.26) $(0.20)
   


 


 


 


 

  

  


 


Diluted earnings (loss) per share

  $(0.50) $(0.07) $(0.96) $(1.38) $0.21  $0.21  $(0.26) $(0.20)
   


 


 


 


 

  

  


 


Year ended
January 31, 2005


    Fiscal Year Quarters

 
    First

   Second

   Third

   Fourth

 

Revenue

    $9,070   $6,656   $6,715   $6,782 

Gross profit

     3,277    2,164    1,382    1,492 

Operating loss

     (1,215)   (1,726)   (2,455)   (2,811)

Loss from continuing operations

     (737)   (4,954)   (1,935)   (2,755)

Discontinued operations

     (3)   (5)   222    111 

Net loss

     (740)   (4,959)   (1,713)   (2,644)
     


  


  


  


Basic loss per share

    $(0.10)  $(0.68)  $(0.23)  $(0.36)
     


  


  


  


Diluted loss per share

    $(0.10)  $(0.68)  $(0.23)  $(0.36)
     


  


  


  


Year ended
January 31, 2004


    Fiscal Year Quarters

 
    First

   Second

   Third

   Fourth

 

Revenue

    $6,220   $5,321   $10,873   $11,851 

Gross profit

     2,218    1,011    4,646    4,664 

Operating income (loss)

     (1,488)   (3,727)   1,294    800 

Income (loss) from continuing operations

     (899)   (2,301)   836    522 

Discontinued operations

     22    30    82    462 

Net income (loss)

     (877)   (2,271)   918    984 
     


  


  


  


Basic earnings (loss) per share

    $(0.12)  $(0.32)  $0.13   $0.14 
     


  


  


  


Diluted earnings (loss) per share

    $(0.12)  $(0.32)  $0.13   $0.14 
     


  


  


  


The amounts above reflect the effects of the restatement described in note 2. The restatement also impacts the previously reported results for the first, second and third quarters of fiscal 2004. The Company does not anticipate amending its prior filings on Form 10-Q for the quarterly periods above which are being restated. Instead, future quarterly filings on Form 10-Q will reflect the comparative balances as restated. The affect of the restatement adjustments on the quarterly results for fiscal 2004 and 2003 are summarized below:

nEstimated employee bonuses were accrued at the end of the fiscal 2003. Prior to the filing of the Company’s 10-K, the Company and the Compensation Committee of the Board of Directors decreased the bonus award by approximately $600,000 but did not adjust the bonus accrual. Operating results for the fourth quarter of fiscal 2003 have been restated to reflect the reversal of this amount. The restatement adjustment was allocated between selling, general and administrative costs and engineering and product support costs in the amount of $400,000 and $200,000, respectively.

nPrior to the fourth quarter of fiscal 2004, the Company allocated revenue from the sales of its wireless test solution products between the product and first year maintenance using an estimate of the fair value of such maintenance as a percentage of the total sales price. The Company has determined that the actual fair value of the first year maintenance as a percentage of the total sales price based on vendor specific objective evidence was higher than the estimated percentage, 10 percent versus 5 percent. The quarterly results for the first three quarters of fiscal 2004 and each of the quarters in fiscal 2003 have been restated using the actual fair value of the first year maintenance as a percentage of the total sales price. The effect of the restatement was to increase (decrease) revenue during the first, second and third quarters of fiscal 2004 by $6,000, $26,000, and ($57,000), respectively. Also, the effect of the restatement was to increase revenue during the first, second, third and fourth quarters of fiscal 2003 by $89,000, $37,000, $32,000, and $29,000, respectively.

nDuring the fourth quarter of fiscal 2003, the Company recorded the costs attributable to collecting a note which was received during fiscal 2001 as partial consideration for the sale of its commercial staffing business. These costs, which included the write-off of principal and accrued interest, and legal fees, totaled approximately $341,000 and were charged against various divestiture liabilities originally recorded at the time of the sale. The financial statements for the fourth quarter of fiscal 2003 have been restated to record these costs as a general and administrative expense charged against continuing operations.

nDuring fiscal 2001, the Company completed the sale of its defense and commercial staffing businesses. The sales and operations of the businesses sold were reported as discontinued operations. At the time of the sale, the Company accrued liabilities for contingencies and various costs associated with exiting these businesses. The Company has now concluded that the reserves for contingencies recorded during fiscal 2001 and earlier periods did not satisfy the probable and reasonably estimable criteria applicable to accounting for contingencies. Accordingly, January 31, 2001 retained earnings has been restated and increased by $474,000, net of tax expense of $273,000. The Company also did not adjust these accrued liabilities for subsequent changes in the original estimates of the costs associated with exiting the discontinued businesses. The Company has restated its financial statements for the fourth quarter of fiscal 2003 to reflect changes in the estimated costs of exiting the discontinued operations. The pre-tax effect of the restatement adjustments decreased the loss from discontinued operations in the fourth quarter of fiscal 2003 by $37,000.

nDuring the fourth quarter of fiscal 2003, the Company recorded estimated losses associated with the recall of its legacy ChargeSource 70-watt universal AC power adapter. Included in the estimated loss were costs attributable to a third-party service bureau engaged to administer the Company’s recall efforts. These specific costs should have been charged to expense as incurred. Accordingly, the financial statements for the fourth quarter of fiscal 2003 have been restated to reduce the estimated cost of the recall recorded during fiscal 2003. This restatement had the effect of reducing cost of revenue for the fourth quarter of fiscal 2003 by $371,000. Selling, general and administrative costs reported in the first, second, and third quarters of fiscal 2004 have also been restated to increase the selling, general and administrative costs by $48,000 in each of the first three quarters.

nDuring the first quarter of fiscal 2003, the Company recorded a $2.9 million transitional adjustment for the cumulative effect of a change in accounting principle upon the adoption of SFAS No. 142, “Goodwill and Other Intangible Assets.” This transitional adjustment was attributable to the Company’s EDX reporting unit. The Company has since determined that the amount recorded as the cumulative effect of a change in accounting principle should have been reported during the second quarter of fiscal 2003 as a goodwill impairment and charged against continuing operations. The financial statements for the second quarter of fiscal 2003 have been restated accordingly. During fiscal 2004, the Company sold the net assets of the EDX reporting unit. Accordingly, all of the current and prior operations of that reporting unit have been reclassified to discontinued operations, including the aforementioned goodwill impairment change.

nEffective the beginning of fiscal 2003 and in conjunction with the implementation of SFAS No. 142, the Company re-evaluated the useful lives of its identifiable intangible assets, including acquired algorithms with a net book value of $255,000 and an original historical cost basis of $1 million. Prior to the adoption of SFAS No. 142, the software algorithms were being amortized over five years. Upon the adoption of SFAS No. 142, it was concluded that the software algorithms had an indefinite useful life and therefore were not subject to amortization, but rather, a periodic evaluation for impairment. It has now been concluded that the original useful life of five years should have been applied after the adoption of SFAS No. 142. As a result, fiscal 2003 results of operations were restated to reflect additional amortization expense of $50,000 in each fiscal quarter. Fiscal 2004 results of operations have been adjusted to include additional amortization expense of $50,000 in the first quarter and $5,000 in the second quarter. The amortization expense is recognized in cost of revenue.

nDuring the fourth quarter of fiscal 2001, the Company acquired all of the outstanding stock of EDX Engineering, Inc. Approximately, $3.2 million of the purchase price was allocated to identifiable intangible assets, consisting primarily of completed technology and acquired customer base. The tax basis of these assets was zero and a $1.3 million deferred tax liability should have been recorded by the Company at the time of acquisition. This also means that recorded goodwill would have increased by $1.3 million. The corresponding consolidated financial statements have been restated to record deferred tax liabilities for the temporary differences between the book and tax bases of the recorded assets and liabilities at the date of the EDX acquisition. As a result, amortization expense and deferred tax benefit have been increased by approximately $141,000 during fiscal 2002. Upon the adoption of SFAS No. 142 at the beginning of fiscal 2003, amortization of the identifiable intangible assets ceased. During the second quarter of fiscal 2003 and upon determination that the underlying identifiable intangibles were impaired, an additional charge to write of the net goodwill of $1.1 million was recorded and was offset in the statement of operations by a like amount of deferred tax benefit.

nDuring the second quarter of fiscal 2003, the Company wrote off $5,619,000 of capitalized software costs. The write off was originally recorded to a line item labeled “Asset Impairment Charges.” The financial statements for the second quarter of fiscal 2003 have been restated to reclassify the $5,619,000 write-off of capitalized software to cost of revenue.

nAs a result of the restatement adjustments, income tax expense for continuing operations for the first, second, and third quarters of fiscal 2004 been increased (decreased) by $46,000, $27,000, and $(86,000), respectively. Additionally, income tax expense for continuing operations for the first, second, third, and fourth quarters of fiscal 2003 (including the tax benefit of $1.1 million described in the preceding paragraph related to EDX) was increased (decreased) by $10,000, ($1,046,000), $99,000, and ($233,000).

ITEM 9.ITEM 9.CHANGES IN AND DISAGREEMENTS WITH ACCOUNTANTS ON ACCOUNTING AND FINANCIAL DISCLOSURE

 

None.

ITEM 9A.CONTROLS AND PROCEDURES

 

ITEM 9A.    CONTROLS AND PROCEDURESEvaluation of Disclosure Controls and Procedures

 

(a)  Evaluation ofWe maintain disclosure controls and procedures

The Company’s management, that are designed to ensure that information required to be disclosed in the periodic reports that we file or submit with the participation of the Company’s Chief Executive Officer (“CEO”) and Chief Financial Officer (“CFO”), has evaluated the effectiveness of the Company’s disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e)SEC under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 as amended (the “Exchange Act”) asis recorded, processed, summarized, and reported within the time periods specified in the rules and forms of the endSEC, and that such information is accumulated and communicated to our management, including our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, as appropriate, to allow timely decisions regarding required disclosure.

Our management, with the participation of our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, evaluated the effectiveness of our disclosure controls and procedures as of the period covered by this report.report on Form 10-K. Based upon this evaluation, the Company’s CEOour Chief Executive Officer and CFOChief Financial Officer have concluded that our disclosure controls and procedures arewere effective as of the end of the period covered by this report.report on Form 10-K.

 

(b)Changes in Internal Control Over Financial Reporting

 

The Company’s management,In connection with the participationaudit conducted of our consolidated financial statements for fiscal 2005, our Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm, BDO Seidman, LLP, advised our executive management and our audit committee of certain significant deficiencies in our internal control over financial reporting. Under the auditing standards of the Company’s Chief Executive Officer andPCAOB, a significant deficiency is a control deficiency, or combination of control deficiencies, that adversely affects a company’s ability to initiate, authorize, record, process, or report external financial data reliably in accordance with GAAP such that there is a more than remote likelihood that a misstatement of the company’s annual or quarterly financial statements that is more than inconsequential will not be prevented or detected.

BDO Seidman, LLP identified the following significant deficiencies in our internal control over financial reporting: (1) our Chief Financial Officer also conducted an evaluationand Corporate Controller had processing access to our primary accounting and financial reporting software application, or ERP system; (2) under certain circumstances, our Corporate Controller had the ability to prepare and post journal entries without supervisory approval; (3) we had insufficiently developed the accounting process with which to defer revenue attributable to sales of our wireless test solutions hardware and software products that did not strictly conform to a corresponding customer’s purchase order; and (4) we have a variety of control deficiencies that were primarily identified with respect to our IT general controls, our disbursement processes, and our payroll processes that, in the aggregate, were deemed to be a significant deficiency.

Beginning in the fourth quarter of fiscal 2005, we took a number of corrective actions to address three of these significant deficiencies, including:

providing our Chief Financial Officer and Corporate Controller with “read-only” access to our ERP system with no processing rights (implemented during the fourth quarter of fiscal 2005);

requiring all journal entries prepared by our Corporate Controller to be approved by our Chief Financial Officer (implemented during the fourth quarter of fiscal 2005); and

implementing a formal procedure requiring our Corporate Controller to approve and defer all Wireless Test Solutions revenue relating to product shipments that require a deviation with respect to product specification and configuration (implemented during the first quarter of fiscal 2006 ended April 30, 2005).

Furthermore, we have begun to address a number of the Company’sindividual deficiencies that, in the aggregate, culminate in the fourth significant deficiency noted above. We expect that a majority of these deficiencies will be satisfactorily remediated by the second quarter of fiscal 2006, ending July 31, 2005.

While, as discussed above, we established additional controls to address the significant deficiencies, no change in our internal control over financial reporting to determine whether any changes occurred during the Company’sour fourth fiscal quarter ended January 31, 2005 that havehas materially affected, or areis reasonably likely to materially affect, the Company’sour internal control over financial reporting. Based on that evaluation, the Company’s Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer have concluded that there have been no such changes during the Company’s fourth fiscal quarter.

 

ITEM 9B.OTHER INFORMATION

However, as described in note 2 of the notes to the consolidated financial statements included in Part I - Item 8 of this report, the Company’s management has restated the consolidated financial statements as of and for its fiscal years ended January 31, 2000, 2001, 2002, and 2003. The Company has been advised by KPMG LLP (“KPMG”), the Company’s independent auditors, that KPMG has identified the following internal control issues that KPMG considers to be material weaknesses (as defined under standards established by the American Institute of Certified Public Accountants):

None.

PART III

 

a lack of suitable documentation or analysis of reserves for contingencies which consider the application of the “probable” and “reasonably estimable” criteria of Statement of Financial Accounting Standards (“FASB”) No. 5, “Accounting For Contingencies.”

a lack of suitable documentation or analysis to support the Company’s estimate of the percentage of wireless test system revenues which should be deferred for first year maintenance.

a failure to follow the subsequent event rules with respect to Company’s bonus accruals.

In response to the foregoing, the Company will take the following actions:

The Company will institute procedures to evaluate vendor specific objective evidence as part of its quarterly closing process to ensure sales of the Company’s WTS products are recorded in accordance with Statement of Position (“SOP”) No. 97-2 “Software Revenue Recognition.”

In the future, the meeting of the Compensation Committee of the Company’s Board of Directors to determine annual bonuses will be scheduled prior to completion of each year’s audit of the Company’s financial statements.

In addition, following each meeting of the Compensation Committee, the Company will review all decisions of the Compensation Committee regarding bonuses or other compensation to confirm that the accounting treatment for such actions is consistent with applicable accounting principles.

The Company is continuing its evaluation of the issues noted above but has not yet determined what additional action the Company should take to strengthen its controls and procedures to address these concerns.

PART III

ITEM 10.    DIRECTORS AND EXECUTIVE OFFICERS OF THE REGISTRANT

ITEM 10.DIRECTORS AND EXECUTIVE OFFICERS OF THE REGISTRANT

 

The information required by this Item 10 is included in ourthe Company’s definitive proxy statement for our 2004its fiscal 2005 annual meeting of shareholders to be held on June 22, 200421, 2005 and is incorporated herein by reference.

ITEM 11.    EXECUTIVE COMPENSATION

ITEM 11.EXECUTIVE COMPENSATION

 

The information required by this Item 11 is included in ourthe Company’s definitive proxy statement for our 2004its fiscal 2005 annual meeting of shareholders to be held on June 22, 200421, 2005 and is incorporated herein by reference.

 

ITEM 12.ITEM 12.SECURITY OWNERSHIP OF CERTAIN BENEFICIAL OWNERS AND MANAGEMENT AND RELATED STOCKHOLDER MATTERS

 

The information required by this Item 12 is included in ourthe Company’s definitive proxy statement for our 2004its fiscal 2005 annual meeting of shareholders to be held on June 22, 200421, 2005 and is incorporated herein by reference.

ITEM 13.    CERTAIN RELATIONSHIPS AND RELATED TRANSACTIONS

ITEM 13.CERTAIN RELATIONSHIPS AND RELATED TRANSACTIONS

 

The information required by this Item 13 is included in ourthe Company’s definitive proxy statement for our 2004its fiscal 2005 annual meeting of shareholders to be held on June 22, 200421, 2005 and is incorporated herein by reference.

ITEM 14.    PRINCIPAL ACCOUNTANT FEES AND SERVICES

ITEM 14.PRINCIPAL ACCOUNTANT FEES AND SERVICES

 

The information required by this Item 14 is included in ourthe Company’s definitive proxy statement for our 2004its fiscal 2005 annual meeting of shareholders to be held on June 22, 200421, 2005 and is incorporated herein by reference.

PART IV

 

ITEM 15.EXHIBITS AND FINANCIAL STATEMENT SCHEDULES AND REPORTS ON FORM 8-K

 

(a)1.Financial Statements (See Item 8)

2.Financial Statement Schedule:

The following additional information for the years ended January 31, 2004, 2003, and 2002 is submitted herewith:

II Valuation and Qualifying Accounts

All other schedules are omitted because the required information is not present in amounts sufficient to require submission of the schedule or because the information required is included in the consolidated financial statements or the notes thereto.

The following additional information for the years ended January 31, 2005, 2004, and 2003 is submitted herewith:

II      Valuation and Qualifying Accounts

All other schedules are omitted because the required information is not present in amounts sufficient to require submission of the schedule or because the information required is included in the consolidated financial statements or the notes thereto.

3.Exhibits

 3.1Articles of Incorporation. The Articles of Incorporation are incorporated herein by reference from the Company’s report on Form 10-Q filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on December 12, 2000.

 3.2By-Laws. The By-Laws are incorporated by reference from the Company’s report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended July 31, 1986.

 3.3Certificate of Determination of Series A Participating Preferred Stock. The Certificate of Determination is incorporated herein by reference from the Company’s Registration Statement on Form 8-A filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on February 6, 2003.

4.Instruments defining the rights of security holders

 4.1Rights Agreement, dated February 5, 2003, between Comarco, Inc. and U.S. Stock Transfer Corporation, as rights agent. The Rights Agreement is incorporated herein by reference from the Company’s Registration Statement on Form 8-A filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on February 6, 2003.

10.Material Contracts

 10.11982 Stock Option Plan. The restated 1982 Stock Option Plan is incorporated herein by reference from Exhibit C to the Company’s definitive Proxy Materials filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on June 25, 1986.

 10.2Director Stock Option Plan dated July 1, 1987 is incorporated by reference from the Company’s report on Form 10-K for the year ended January 31, 1988.

 10.3Nonqualified Employee Stock Option Plan for Comarco Wireless Technologies, Inc. dated August 1994 is incorporated by reference from the Company’s report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended October 30, 1994.

 10.41995 Employee Stock Option Plan is incorporated by reference from the Company’s report on Form S-8 filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on October 5, 1995.

  10.5Severance Compensation Agreement dated September 9, 2003 between the Company and Craig Hayes, Vice President, regarding severance compensation in the event of a change in control of the Company incorporated herewith.

10.6Severance Compensation Agreement dated September 9, 2003 between the Company and Gregory Maton, Senior Vice President, regarding severance compensation in the event of a change in control of the Company incorporated herewith.herein by, reference from the Company’s report on Form 10-K for the year ended January 31, 2004.

 10.710.6Severance Compensation Agreement dated September 9, 2003 between the Company and Daniel R. Luz,Lutz, Vice President and Chief Financial Officer, regarding severance compensation in the event of a change in control of the Company incorporated herewith.herein by, reference from the Company’s report on Form 10-K for the year ended January 31, 2004.

 10.810.7Severance Compensation Agreement dated September 9, 2003 between the Company and Thomas A. Franza, President and Chief Executive Officer, regarding severance compensation in the event of a change in control of the Company incorporated herewith.herein by, reference from the Company’s report on Form 10-K for the year ended January 31, 2004.

 10.910.8Severance Compensation Agreement dated September 9, 2003 between the Company and Peggy Vessell, Vice President and Secretary, regarding severance compensation in the event of a change in control of the Company incorporated herewith.herein by, reference from the Company’s report on Form 10-K for the year ended January 31, 2004.

 21.121.1Subsidiaries of the Company

 23.123.1Consent of Independent Auditors’ ConsentRegistered Public Accounting Firm—BDO Seidman, LLP

 31.123.2Consent of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm—KPMG LLP
31.1Certification of Chief Executive Officer Pursuant to Section 302 of Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002

 31.231.2Certification of Chief Financial Officer Pursuant to Section 302 of Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002

 32.132.1Certification of Chief Executive Officer Pursuant to Section 906 of Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002

 32.232.2Certification of Chief Financial Officer Pursuant to Section 906 of Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002

 99.1Undertakings of Registrant

(b)Reports99.1Supplement to Registrant’s Registration Statements on Form 8-KS-8

        None.

COMARCO, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

 

SIGNATURES

 

Pursuant to the requirements of Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the Registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized, on May 17, 2004.11, 2005.

 

COMARCO, INC.

Comarco, Inc.

/s/    THOMAS A. FRANZA


Thomas A. Franza

President and Chief Executive Officer

 

Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, this report has been signed below by the following persons on behalf by the Registrant and in the capacities and on the dates so indicated.

 

Signature


  

Title


 

Date


/s/    THOMAS A. FRANZA        


Thomas A. Franza

  President and Chief Executive Officer (Principal Executive Officer) May 17, 200411, 2005

/s/    DANIEL R. LUTZ        


Daniel R. Lutz

  Vice President and Chief Financial Officer (Principal Financial and Accounting Officer) May 17, 200411, 2005

/s/    DON M. BAILEY        


Don M. Bailey

  Chairman of the Board May 17, 200411, 2005

/s/    GERALD D. GRIFFIN        


Gerald D. Griffin

  Director May 17, 200411, 2005

/s/    JEFFREY R. HULTMAN        


Jeffrey R. Hultman

  Director May 17, 200411, 2005

/s/    ERIKVANDER KAAY        


Erik van der Kaay

  Director May 17, 200411, 2005

COMARCO, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

 

SCHEDULE II—VALUATION AND QUALIFYING ACCOUNTS

Three Years Ended January 31, 20042005

(In thousands)

 

 Balance at
Beginning of
Year


 Charged to
Cost and
Expense


 Deductions

 Other Changes
Add (Deduct)


 Balance at
End of Year


Year ended January 31, 2005:

 

Allowance for doubtful accounts and provision for unbilled receivables (deducted from accounts receivable)

 $594 $267 $30(1) $  $831
  Balance at
Beginning of
Year


  Charged to
Cost and
Expense


  Deductions

 Other Changes
Add (Deduct)


 Balance at
End of Year


Year ended January 31, 2004:

          

Allowance for doubtful accounts and provision for unbilled receivables (deducted from accounts receivable)

  $217  $559  $186(1) $4(2) $594 $217 $559 $186(1) $4(2) $594

Year ended January 31, 2003:

          

Allowance for doubtful accounts and provision for unbilled receivables (deducted from accounts receivable)

  $256  $24  $63(1) $
 
 
 
 
 $217 $256 $24 $63(1) $  $217

Year ended January 31, 2002:

         

Allowance for doubtful accounts and provision for unbilled receivables (deducted from accounts receivable)

  $80  $310  $160(1) $26(2) $256

(1)Write-off of uncollectible receivables.
(2)Collection of previously written-off receivables.

 

6777