SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION

Washington, D.C. 20549

 

FORM 10-K

 

ANNUAL REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d)

OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

 

For the Fiscal Year Ended December 31, 20062007

 

Commission File No. 001-12257

 

MERCURY GENERAL CORPORATION

(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)

 

California 95-2211612

(State or other jurisdiction of


incorporation or organization)

 

(I.R.S. Employer


Identification No.)

4484 Wilshire Boulevard, Los Angeles, California 90010
(Address of principal executive offices) (Zip Code)

 

Registrant’s telephone number, including area code: (323) 937-1060

 

Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:

 

Title of Class

 

Name of Exchange on Which Registered

Common Stock New York Stock Exchange

 

Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(g) of the Act:

 

NONE

 

Indicate by check mark if the Registrant is a well-known seasoned issuer, as defined in Rule 405 of the Securities Act.  Yes  x    No  ¨

 

Indicate by check mark if the Registrant is not required to file reports pursuant to Section 13 or Section 15(d) of the Act.  Yes  ¨    No  x

 

Indicate by check mark whether the Registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the Registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days.  Yes  x    No  ¨

 

Indicate by check mark if disclosure of delinquent filers pursuant to Item 405 of Regulation S-K is not contained herein, and will not be contained, to the best of Registrant’s knowledge, in definitive proxy or information statements incorporated by reference in Part III of this Form 10-K or any amendment to this Form 10-K.  ¨x

 

Indicate by check mark whether the Registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, or a non-accelerated filer.smaller reporting company. See definition of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer, and large accelerated filer”“smaller reporting company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act. (Check one):

Large accelerated filer  x            Accelerated filer  ¨

Non-accelerated filer  ¨            Smaller reporting company  ¨

(Do not check if a smaller reporting company)

 

Indicate by check mark whether the Registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Act).  Yes  ¨    No  x

 

The aggregate market value of the Registrant’s common equity held by non-affiliates of the Registrant at June 30, 200629, 2007 was approximately $1,488,000,000$1,460,000,000 (based upon the closing sales price on the New York Stock Exchange for such date, as reported by the Wall Street Journal).

 

At February 15, 2007,2008, the Registrant had issued and outstanding an aggregate of 54,670,35654,729,913 shares of its Common Stock.

 

Documents Incorporated by Reference

 

Portions of the definitive proxy statement for the Annual Meeting of Shareholders of the Registrant to be held on May 9, 200714, 2008 are incorporated herein by reference into Part III hereof.

 



PART I

Item 1.    Business

Item 1.Business

 

General

 

Mercury General Corporation (“Mercury General”) and its subsidiaries (collectively, the “Company”) are engaged primarily in writing automobile insurance in a number of states, principally California. During 2006,2007, private passenger automobile insurance and commercial automobile insurance accounted for 83.9%83.7% and 4.6%4.1%, respectively, of the Company’s total direct premiums written. The percentage of direct automobile insurance premiums written during 20062007 by state was:

 

California

  74.578.3%

Florida

  8.26.9%

New Jersey

  6.54.5%

Texas

  3.43.5%

Other states

  7.46.8%

 

The Company also writes homeowners, mechanical breakdown, commercial and dwelling fire, and commercial property insurance. The non-automobile lines of insurance accounted for 11.5%12.2% of total direct premiums written in 2006,2007, of which approximately 63.5%64.8% was in the homeowners line.

 

The Company offers automobile policyholders the following types of coverage: bodily injury liability, underinsured and uninsured motorist, personal injury protection, property damage liability, comprehensive, collision and other hazards. The Company’s published maximum limits of liability are, for bodily injury, $250,000 per person and $500,000 per accident and, for property damage, $250,000 per accident. Subject to special underwriting approval, the combined policy limits may be as high as $1,000,000 for vehicles written under the Company’s commercial automobile program. However, under the majority of the Company’s automobile policies, the limits of liability are equal to or less than $100,000 per person and $300,000 per accident for bodily injury and $50,000 per accident for property damage.

 

In 2006,2007, all of the Company’s subsidiaries actively writing insurance, except American Mercury Insurance Company (“AMI”), American Mercury Lloyds Insurance Company (“AML”) and Mercury County Mutual Insurance Company (“MCM”), maintained a rating of A+ (Superior) by A.M. Best & Co. (“A.M. Best”). This is the second highest of the fifteen rating categories in the A.M. Best rating system, which range from A++ (Superior) to F (In Liquidation). Each of AMI, AML and MCM, which in total accounted for approximately 9%8% of the Company’s 20062007 net premiums written, maintained an A.M. Best rating of A- (Excellent).

 

The principal executive offices of Mercury General are located in Los Angeles, California. The home office of its California insurance subsidiaries and the Company’s computer and operations center is located in Brea, California. The Company also owns an office building in Rancho Cucamonga, California, which is used to support the Company’s California operations and future expansions,expansion, and office buildings located in St. Petersburg, Florida and in Oklahoma City, Oklahoma which house employees of the Company and several outside tenants. The Company maintains branch offices in a number of locations in California as well as branch offices in Richmond, Virginia; Latham, New York; Bridgewater, New Jersey; Vernon Hills, Illinois; Atlanta, Georgia; and Austin, Houston and San Antonio, Texas. The Company has approximately 5,1005,200 employees.

 

Website Access to Information

 

The internet address for the Company’s website is www.mercuryinsurance.com. The internet address provided in this Annual Report on Form 10-K is not intended to function as a hyperlink and the information on ourthe Company’s website is not and should not be considered part of this report and is not incorporated by reference in this document. The Company makes available on its website its Annual Report on Form 10-K, Quarterly Reports on Form 10-Q, Current

 

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Form 10-Q, Current Reports on Form 8-K and amendments to such reports (the “SEC Reports”) filed with or furnished to the Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”) pursuant to Federal securities laws as soon as reasonably practicable after each SEC Report is filed with or furnished to the SEC. In addition, copies of the SEC Reports are available, without charge, upon written request to the Company’s Chief Financial Officer, Mercury General Corporation, 4484 Wilshire Boulevard, Los Angeles, California 90010.

 

Organization

 

Mercury General, an insurance holding company, is the parent of Mercury Casualty Company (“MCC”), a California automobile insurer founded in 1961 by George Joseph, the Company’s Chairman of the Board of Directors. Including MCC, Mercury General has eighteen subsidiaries. The Company’s insurance operations are conducted through the following insurance company subsidiaries:

 

Company Name

  

Date Formed or
Acquired

  

Primary States

Mercury Casualty Company (“MCC”)

  

January 1961

  

California

Arizona

Florida

Nevada

New York

Virginia

Mercury Insurance Company (“MIC”)

  

November 1972

  

California

California Automobile Insurance Company (“CAIC”)

  

June 1975

  

California

Mercury Insurance Company of Illinois (“MIC IL”)

  

August 1989

  

Illinois

Mercury Insurance Company of Georgia (“MIC GA”)

  

March 1989

  

Georgia

Mercury Indemnity Company of Georgia (“MID GA”)

  

November 1991

  

Georgia

Mercury National Insurance Company (“MNIC”)

  

December 1991

  

Illinois

Michigan

American Mercury Insurance Company (“AMI”)

  

December 1996

  

Oklahoma

Florida

Georgia

Texas

American Mercury Lloyds Insurance Company (“AML”)

  

December 1996

  

Texas

Mercury County Mutual Insurance Company (“MCM”)

  

September 2000

  

Texas

Mercury Insurance Company of Florida (“MIC FL”)

  

August 2001

  

Florida

Pennsylvania

Mercury Indemnity Company of America (“MIDAM”)

  

August 2001

  

New Jersey

 

California General Underwriters Insurance Company, Inc.’s only business is to assume all of the risks under policies written by one or more of the above companies covering the Company’s fleet of vehicles. Mercury Select Management Company, Inc. (“MSMC”), a Texas corporation, serves as the attorney-in-fact for AML. The Company owns Concord Insurance Services, Inc. (“Concord”), a Texas insurance agency headquartered in Houston, Texas. MCM, a mutual insurance company organized under Chapter 17 of the Texas Insurance Code, is managed and controlled by the Company through a management agreement. The Company also operates two managingone active general agents, one of which,agent, American Mercury MGA, Inc. (“AMMGA”), which manages a portion of the Company’s business in Texas, and the other,owns one inactive general agent, Mercury Group, Inc. (“MGI”), manageswhich managed a portion of the Company’s business in Florida.Florida prior to 2007. The Company also owns the capital stock of Concord Insurance Services, Inc. (“Concord”), a Texas insurance agency that has been inactive since selling all of its operating assets in 2006.

 

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Management services are provided to Mercury General’s subsidiaries by Mercury Insurance Services, LLC (“MISLLC”), a subsidiary of MCC. Mercury General and its subsidiaries are referred to collectively as the “Company” unless the context indicates otherwise. Mercury General Corporation individually is referred to as “Mercury General.” All of the subsidiaries as a group, excluding MSMC, AMMGA, MGI, MISLLC and Concord, are referred to as the “Insurance Companies.” The term “California Companies” refers to MCC, MIC and CAIC.

 

3

Production and Servicing of Business


The Company sells its policies through more than 4,500 independent agents and brokers, of which approximately 1,000 are located in each of California and Florida. The remainder are located in Georgia, Illinois, Texas, Oklahoma, New York, New Jersey, Virginia, Pennsylvania, Arizona, Nevada and Michigan. Over half of the agents in California have represented the Company for more than ten years. The agents, most of whom also represent one or more competing insurance companies, are independent contractors selected and contracted by the Company.

No agent or broker accounted for more than 2% of direct premiums written except for one broker that produced approximately 14%, 13% and 14% during 2007, 2006, and 2005, respectively, of the Company’s direct premiums written.

The Company believes that it compensates its agents and brokers above the industry average. During 2007, total commissions incurred were approximately 17% of net premiums written.

The Company’s advertising budget is allocated among television, newspaper, internet and direct mailing media to provide the best coverage available within targeted media markets. While the majority of these advertising costs are borne by the Company, a portion of these costs are reimbursed by the Company’s independent agents based upon the number of account leads generated by the advertising. The Company believes that its advertising program is important to create brand awareness and to remain competitive in the current insurance climate, and it intends to maintain a similar level of advertising in 2008. During 2007, the Company incurred approximately $28 million in advertising expense. See “Competitive Conditions.”

Underwriting

 

The Company sets its own automobile insurance premium rates, subject to rating regulations issued by the Department of Insurance or similar governmental agency of the applicable states (referred to herein as the “DOI”). Automobile insurance rates on voluntary business in California are subject to prior approval by the California DOI. The Company uses its own extensive database to establish rates and classifications. Automobile liability insurers in California are also required to sell insurance to a proportionate number of drivers applying for placement as “assigned risks” based on the insurer’s share of the California automobile casualty insurance market. The California DOI has rating factor regulations in effect that influence the weight the Company ascribes to various classifications of data. See “Regulation—Automobile Insurance Rating Factor Regulations.“Regulation.

 

At December 31, 2006,2007, “good drivers” (as defined by the California Insurance Code) accounted for approximately 79% of all voluntary private passenger automobile policies in force in California, while higher risk categories accounted for approximately 21%. The private passenger automobile renewal rate in California (the rate of acceptance of offers to renew) averages approximately 96%93%. The Company also offers homeowners, commercial property and commercial automobile and mechanical breakdown insurance in California.

 

In states outside of California, the Company offers standard, non-standard and preferred private passenger automobile insurance. Private passenger automobile policies in force for non-California operations represented approximately 23%20% of total private passenger automobile policies in force at December 31, 2006.2007. In addition, the Company offers mechanical breakdown insurance in many states outside of California and homeowners insurance in Florida, Illinois, Oklahoma, New York, Georgia, and Texas.

 

Production and Servicing of Business

The Company sells its policies through more than 4,500 independent agents and brokers, of which approximately 1,000 are located in California and approximately 900 in Florida. The remainder are located in Georgia, Illinois, Texas, Oklahoma, New York, New Jersey, Virginia, Pennsylvania, Arizona, Nevada and Michigan. Over half of the agents in California have represented the Company for more than ten years. The agents, most of whom also represent one or more competing insurance companies, are independent contractors selected and contracted by the Company.

No agent or broker accounted for more than 2% of direct premiums written except for one broker that produced approximately 13%, 14% and 14% during 2006, 2005, and 2004, respectively, of the Company’s direct premiums written.

The Company believes that it compensates its agents and brokers above the industry average. During 2006, total commissions incurred were approximately 17% of net premiums written.

As previously reported, following trial and appeal inRobert Krumme, On Behalf Of The General Public v. Mercury Insurance Company, Mercury Casualty Company, and California Automobile Insurance Company (Superior Court for the City and County of San Francisco), the Court issued a modified injunction on July 11, 2005 requiring the Company to compensate brokers at the same rate based on volume of sales, accept applications for insurance from any California licensed broker, remove subjective underwriting requirements from its broker instruction manual, and provide guidelines to be used by its field personnel that specifically identify the standards of broker performance. The Company has implemented changes to its California broker relationships to comply with the Court’s modified injunction. Since the implementation, excluding one broker that produced 13% of the Company’s total direct written premiums in 2006, the Company is doing business in California with fewer than 200 brokers that, in total, write approximately $13 million in direct written premiums annually.

The Company’s advertising budget is allocated among television, newspaper, internet and direct mailing media to provide the best coverage available within targeted media markets. While the majority of these advertising costs

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are borne by the Company, a portion of these costs are reimbursed by the Company’s independent agents based upon the number of account leads generated by the advertising. The Company believes that its advertising program is important to create brand awareness and to remain competitive in the current insurance climate, and it intends to maintain a similar level of advertising in 2007. During 2006, the Company incurred approximately $33 million in advertising expense. See “Competitive Conditions.”

Claims

 

Claims operations are conducted by the Company. The claims staff administers all claims and directs all legal and adjustment aspects of the claims process. The Company adjusts most claims without the assistance of outside adjusters.

 

Loss and Loss Adjustment Expense Reserves and Reserve Development

 

The Company maintains reserves for the payment of losses and loss adjustment expenses for both reported and unreported claims. Loss reserves are estimated based upon a case-by-case evaluation of the type of claim involved and the expected development of such claim. The amount of loss reserves and loss adjustment expense reserves for unreported claims are determined on the basis of historical information by line of insurance. Inflation is reflected in the reserving process through analysis of cost trends and reviews of historical reserving results.

 

The Company’s ultimate liability may be greater or less than stated loss reserves. Reserves are closely monitored and are analyzed quarterly by the Company’s actuarial consultants using current information on reported claims and a variety of statistical techniques. The Company does not discount to a present value that portion of its loss reserves expected to be paid in future periods. The Tax Reform Act of 1986, however, requires the Company to discount loss reserves for Federal income tax purposes.

 

The following table sets forthFor a reconciliation of beginning and ending reserves for losses and loss adjustment expenses, net of reinsurance deductions, as shown on the Company’s consolidated financial statements for the periods indicated:

   Year ended December 31, 
   2006  2005  2004 
   (Amounts in thousands) 

Net reserves for losses and loss adjustment expenses, beginning of year

  $1,005,634  $886,607  $786,156 

Incurred losses and loss adjustment expenses:

     

Provision for insured events of the current year

   2,000,357   1,909,453   1,640,197 

Increase (decrease) in provision for insured events of prior years

   21,289   (46,517)  (57,943)
             

Total incurred losses and loss adjustment expenses

   2,021,646   1,862,936   1,582,254 
             

Payments:

     

Losses and loss adjustment expenses attributable to insured events of the current year

   1,311,982   1,218,784   1,020,154 

Losses and loss adjustment expenses attributable to insured events of prior years

   632,905   525,125   461,649 
             

Total payments

   1,944,887   1,743,909   1,481,803 
             

Net reserves for losses and loss adjustment expenses at the end of the period

   1,082,393   1,005,634   886,607 

Reinsurance recoverable

   6,429   16,969   14,137 
             

Gross liability at end of year

  $1,088,822  $1,022,603  $900,744 
             

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The increase in the provision for insured eventsindicated, see Note 7 of prior years in 2006 relates largelyNotes to the unexpected development of several large extra-contractual claims in the state of Florida and increases in reserve estimates for the bodily injury and personal injury protection coverages in New Jersey.Consolidated Financial Statements.

 

In October 2007, the Southern California region was devastated by sweeping fire storms. The decrease in the provision for insured events of prior years in 2005 and 2004 relates largely to a decrease in theCompany has estimated inflation rates on earlier accident years on bodily injury coverage for California automobile insurance. Florida was struck by several hurricanes. Theits pre-tax lossesloss resulting from these hurricanes wasfire storms to be approximately $27 million and $22 million in 2005 and 2004, respectively.$23 million.

 

The difference between the reserves reported in the Company’s consolidated financial statements prepared in accordance with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles (“GAAP”) and those reported in the statements filed with the DOI in accordance with statutory accounting principles (“SAP”) is shown in the following table:

 

  December 31,  December 31,
  2006  2005  2004  2007  2006  2005
  (Amounts in thousands)  (Amounts in thousands)

Reserves reported on a SAP basis

  $1,082,393  $1,005,634  $886,607  $1,099,458  $1,082,393  $1,005,634

Reinsurance recoverable

   6,429   16,969   14,137   4,457   6,429   16,969
                  

Reserves reported on a GAAP basis

  $1,088,822  $1,022,603  $900,744  $1,103,915  $1,088,822  $1,022,603
                  

 

Under SAP, reserves are stated net of reinsurance recoverable in contrast to GAAP where reserves are stated gross of reinsurance recoverable.

 

The following table presents the development of loss reserves for the period 19961997 through 2006.2007. The top line of the table shows the reserves at the balance sheet date, net of reinsurance recoverable, for each of the indicated years. This amount represents the estimated net losses and loss adjustment expenses for claims arising infrom the current and all prior years that are unpaid at the balance sheet date, including an estimate for losses that had been incurred but not yet reported to the Company. The upper portion of the table shows the cumulative amounts paid as of successive years with respect to that reserve liability. The middle portion of the table shows the re-estimated amount of the previously recorded reserves based on experience as of the end of each succeeding year, including cumulative payments made since the end of the respective year. Estimates change as more information becomes known about the frequency and severity of claims for individual years. The bottom line shows the redundancy (deficiency) that exists when the original reserve estimates are greater (less) than the re-estimated reserves at December 31, 2006.2007.

 

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In evaluating the information in the table, it should be noted that each amount includes the effects of all changes in amounts for prior periods. This table does not present accident or policy year development data. Conditions and trends that have affected development of the liability in the past may not necessarily occur in the future. Accordingly, it may not be appropriate to extrapolate future redundancies or deficiencies based on this table.

 

 As of December 31,  As of December 31, 
 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006  1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 
         (Amounts in thousands)          (Amounts in thousands) 

Net reserves for losses and loss adjustment expenses

 $311,754  $386,270  $385,816  $418,800  $463,803  $516,592  $664,889  $786,156  $886,607  $1,005,634  $1,082,393  $386,270  $385,816  $418,800  $463,803  $516,592  $664,889  $786,156  $886,607  $1,005,634  $1,082,393  $1,099,458 

Paid (cumulative)
as of:

                      

One year later

  206,390   247,310   263,805   294,615   321,643   360,781   438,126   461,649   525,125   632,905    247,310   263,805   294,615   321,643   360,781   438,126   461,649   525,125   632,905   674,345  

Two years later.

  291,552   338,016   366,908   403,378   431,498   491,243   591,054   628,280   748,255     338,016   366,908   403,378   431,498   491,243   591,054   628,280   748,255   891,928   

Three years later.

  316,505   369,173   395,574   429,787   462,391   528,052   637,555   714,763      369,173   395,574   429,787   462,391   528,052   637,555   714,763   851,590    

Four years later

  324,337   379,233   402,000   439,351   476,072   538,276   655,169       379,233   402,000   439,351   476,072   538,276   655,169   740,534     

Five years later

  329,109   381,696   405,910   446,223   478,158   545,110        381,696   405,910   446,223   478,158   545,110   664,051      

Six years later

  329,825   383,469   409,853   445,892   481,775         383,469   409,853   445,892   481,775   549,593       

Seven years later

  330,883   386,427   408,138   446,489          386,427   408,138   446,489   484,149        

Eight years later

  333,634   384,557   408,321           384,557   408,321   446,777         

Nine years later

  331,741   384,531            384,531   408,567          

Ten years later

  331,693             384,730           

Net reserves re-estimated as of:

                      

One year later

  324,572   376,861   393,603   442,437   480,732   542,775   668,954   728,213   840,090   1,026,923    376,861   393,603   442,437   480,732   542,775   668,954   728,213   840,090   1,026,923   1,101,917  

Two years later.

  329,210   378,057   407,047   449,094   481,196   549,262   660,705   717,289   869,344     378,057   407,047   449,094   481,196   549,262   660,705   717,289   869,344   1,047,067   

Three years later.

  327,749   383,588   410,754   446,242   483,382   546,667   662,918   745,744      383,588   410,754   446,242   483,382   546,667   662,918   745,744   894,063    

Four years later

  329,339   386,522   409,744   449,325   482,905   545,518   666,825       386,522   409,744   449,325   482,905   545,518   666,825   750,859     

Five years later

  332,570   385,770   410,982   448,813   480,740   550,123        385,770   410,982   448,813   480,740   550,123   668,318      

Six years later

  332,939   386,883   411,046   447,225   483,392         386,883   411,046   447,225   483,392   551,402       

Seven years later

  333,720   386,952   408,857   447,362          386,952   408,857   447,362   485,328        

Eight years later

  334,096   384,752   409,007           384,752   409,007   447,272         

Nine years later

  331,933   385,076            385,076   408,942          

Ten years later

  332,212             384,992           

Net cumulative redundancy (deficiency)

  (20,458)  1,194   (23,191)  (28,562)  (19,589)  (33,531)  (1,936)  40,412   17,263   (21,289)   1,278   (23,126)  (28,472)  (21,525)  (34,810)  (3,429)  35,297   (7,456)  (41,433)  (19,524) 

Gross liability—end of year

 $336,685  $409,061  $405,976  $434,843  $492,220  $534,926  $679,271  $797,927  $900,744  $1,022,603  $1,088,822  $409,061  $405,976  $434,843  $492,220  $534,926  $679,271  $797,927  $900,744  $1,022,603  $1,088,822  $1,103,915 

Reinsurance recoverable

  (24,931)  (22,791)  (20,160)  (16,043)  (28,417)  (18,334)  (14,382)  (11,771)  (14,137)  (16,969)  (6,429)  (22,791)  (20,160)  (16,043)  (28,417)  (18,334)  (14,382)  (11,771)  (14,137)  (16,969)  (6,429)  (4,457)
                                 

Net liability—end of year

 $311,754  $386,270  $385,816  $418,800  $463,803  $516,592  $664,889  $786,156  $886,607  $1,005,634  $1,082,393  $386,270  $385,816  $418,800  $463,803  $516,592  $664,889  $786,156  $886,607  $1,005,634  $1,082,393  $1,099,458 
                                 

Gross re-estimated liability—latest

  362,773   413,016   433,674   467,577   516,614   573,014   686,293   767,386   888,605   1,045,843   $416,174  $436,851  $470,780  $521,843  $577,620  $690,977  $775,959  $916,993  $1,071,679  $1,113,653  

Re-estimated recoverable—latest

  (30,561)  (27,940)  (24,667)  (20,215)  (33,222)  (22,891)  (19,468)  (21,642)  (19,261)  (18,920) 
                               

Re-estimated recoverable-latest

  (31,182)  (27,909)  (23,508)  (36,515)  (26,218)  (22,659)  (25,100)  (22,930)  (24,612)  (11,736) 

Net re-estimated liability—latest

 $332,212  $385,076  $409,007  $447,362  $483,392  $550,123  $666,825  $745,744  $869,344  $1,026,923   $384,992  $408,942  $447,272  $485,328  $551,402  $668,318  $750,859  $894,063  $1,047,067  $1,101,917  
                               

Gross cumulative redundancy (deficiency)

 $(26,088) $(3,955) $(27,698) $(32,734) $(24,394) $(38,088) $(7,022) $30,541  $12,139  $(23,240)  $(7,113) $(30,875) $(35,937) $(29,623) $(42,694) $(11,706) $21,968  $(16,249) $(49,076) $(24,831) 
                                                              

 

7


For 2005,2006, the Company had negative development of approximately $20 million on net loss and loss adjustment expense reserves. Negative development related to California operations was approximately $25 million mostly due to adverse development on the bodily injury reserves which at December 31,resulting from an increase in estimates for loss severity and ultimate reported claims. This negative development was partially offset by positive development of approximately $5 million related to operations outside of California.

6


For 2004 and 2005, totaled approximately $1,023 million. The majority of the negative development was recognizedrelates to an increase in the second quarter of 2006. The negative development primarily relates to increases in the Company’s 2005 and prior accident years’ loss estimates for personal automobile insurance in Florida and New Jersey, totaling approximately $20 millionwhich was recognized during 2006. In addition, an increase in estimates for loss severity for the 2004 accident year reserves for California and $15 million, respectively, offset by positive developmentNew Jersey automobile lines of approximately $15 millionbusiness and for the 2005 accident year reserves for California automobile and homeowners lines of business written in California.during 2007 contributed to the deficiencies.

 

For 2003, and 2004, loss redundancies largely relate to lower inflation than originally expected on the bodily injury coverage reserves for the California automobile insurance lines of business. In addition, the Company experienced a reduction in expenditures to outside legal counsel for the defense of personal automobile claims in California. This led to a reduction in the ultimate expense amount expected to be paid out and therefore a redundancy in the reserves established at December 31, 2004 and 2003. The Company believes that many factors could be contributing to the reduction in payments to outside legal counsel. These include cost savings from the usage of more flat fee billing arrangements with outside counsel, faster closure rates of bodily injury liability cases and a decrease in bodily injury claims frequency due to factors such as improvements made in vehicle safety. Partially offsetting these loss redundancies was adverse development in the Florida and New Jersey automobile lines of business.

 

For years 1998 through 2002, the Company’s previously estimated loss reserves produced deficiencies which were reflected in the following year’ssubsequent years’ incurred losses. The Company attributes a large portion of the deficiencies to increases in the ultimate liability for bodily injury, physical damage and collision claims over what was originally estimated. The increases in these losses relate to increased severity over what was originally recorded and are the result of inflationary trends in health care costs, auto parts and body shop labor costs.

 

For 1997, the Company’s previously estimated loss reserves produced a small redundancy indicating that the Company was reasonably accurate in establishing the initial reserve for that year.

For 1996, the Company’s previously estimated loss reserves produced deficiencies. These deficiencies relate to increases in the Company’s ultimate estimates for loss adjustment expenses, which are based principally on the Company’s actual experience. The adverse development on such reserves reflects increases in the legal expenses of defending the Company’s insureds.

 

Operating Ratios

 

Loss and Expense Ratios

 

Loss and underwriting expense ratios are used to interpret the underwriting experience of property and casualty insurance companies. Losses and loss adjustment expenses, on a statutory basis, are stated as a percentage of premiums earned because losses occur over the life of a policy. Underwriting expenses on a statutory basis are stated as a percentage of premiums written rather than premiums earned because most underwriting expenses are incurred when policies are written and are not spread over the policy period. The statutory underwriting profit margin is the extent to which the combined loss and underwriting expense ratios are less than 100%. The Insurance Companies’ loss ratio, expense ratio and combined ratio, and the private passenger automobile industry combined ratio, on a statutory basis, are shown in the following table. The Insurance Companies’ ratios include lines of insurance other than private passenger automobile. Since these other lines represent only 16% of premiums written, the Company believes its ratios can be compared to the industry ratios included in the following table.

 

  Year ended December 31,   Year ended December 31, 
  2006 2005   2004   2003   2002   2007 2006   2005   2004   2003 

Loss Ratio

  67.4% 65.4%  62.6%  67.7%  72.8%  68.0% 67.4%  65.4%  62.6%  67.7%

Expense Ratio

  27.1  26.5   26.4   25.9   25.6   27.1  27.1   26.5   26.4   25.9 
                                      

Combined Ratio

  94.5% 91.9%  89.0%  93.6%  98.4%  95.1% 94.5%  91.9%  89.0%  93.6%
                                      

Industry combined ratio (all writers) (1)

  93.0%(2) 94.6%  93.5%  97.9%  103.7%  97.5%(2) 94.3%  94.6%  93.5%  97.9%

Industry combined ratio (excluding direct writers) (1)

  (N.A.) 94.5%  93.9%  98.4%  103.7%  (N.A.) 94.7%  94.5%  93.9%  98.4%

 

8



(1) Source: A.M. Best,Aggregates & Averages (2003(2004 through 2006)2007), for all property and casualty insurance companies (private passenger automobile line only, after policyholder dividends).
(2) Source: A.M. Best, “Best’s Review, January 2007,2008, Review Preview.”

(N.A.) Not available.

 

7


Under GAAP, the loss ratio is computed in the same manner as under statutory accounting, but the expense ratio is determined by matching underwriting expenses to the period over which net premiums were earned, rather than to the period that net premiums were written. The following table sets forth the Insurance Companies’ loss ratio, expense ratio and combined ratio determined in accordance with GAAP for the last five years.

 

  Year ended December 31,   Year ended December 31, 
  2006 2005 2004 2003 2002   2007 2006 2005 2004 2003 

Loss Ratio

  67.5% 65.4% 62.6% 67.7% 72.8%  68.0% 67.5% 65.4% 62.6% 67.7%

Expense Ratio

  27.5  27.0  26.6  26.3  26.0   27.4  27.5  27.0  26.6  26.3 
                                

Combined Ratio

  95.0% 92.4% 89.2% 94.0% 98.8%  95.4% 95.0% 92.4% 89.2% 94.0%
                                

 

Premiums to Surplus Ratio

 

The following table shows, for the periods indicated, the Insurance Companies’ statutory ratios of net premiums written to policyholders’ surplus. Widely recognized guidelines established by the National Association of Insurance Commissioners (“NAIC”) indicate that this ratio should be no greater than 3 to 1.

 

  Year ended December 31,  Year ended December 31,
  2006  2005  2004  2003  2002  2007  2006  2005  2004  2003
  (Amounts in thousands, except ratios)  (Amounts in thousands, except ratios)

Net premiums written

  $3,044,774  $2,950,523  $2,646,704  $2,268,778  $1,865,046  $2,982,024  $3,044,774  $2,950,523  $2,646,704  $2,268,778

Policyholders’ surplus

  $1,579,248  $1,487,574  $1,361,072  $1,169,427  $1,014,935  $1,721,827  $1,579,248  $1,487,574  $1,361,072  $1,169,427

Ratio

   1.9 to 1   2.0 to 1   1.9 to 1   1.9 to 1   1.8 to 1   1.7 to 1   1.9 to 1   2.0 to 1   1.9 to 1   1.9 to 1

 

Risk-Based Capital

 

The NAIC employs a risk-based capital formula for casualty insurance companies that establishes recommended minimum capital requirements for casualty companies. The formula was designed to capture the widely varying elements of risks undertaken by writers of different lines of insurance having differing risk characteristics, as well as writers of similar lines where differences in risk may be related to corporate structure, investment policies, reinsurance arrangements and a number of other factors. Based on the formula adopted by the NAIC, the Company has calculated the risk-based capital requirements of each of the Insurance Companies as of December 31, 2006. Each2007. As of such date, each of the Insurance Companies’ policyholders’ surplus exceeded the highest level of minimum required capital.

 

Statutory Accounting Principles

 

The Company’s results are reported in accordance with GAAP, which differ from amounts reported in accordance with SAP as prescribed by insurance regulatory authorities. Specifically, under GAAP:

 

Policy acquisition costs such as commissions, premium taxes and other variable costs incurred in connection with writing new and renewal business are capitalized and amortized on a pro rata basis over the period in which the related premiums are earned, rather than expensed as incurred, as required by SAP.

 

Certain assets are included in the consolidated balance sheets whereas, under SAP, such assets are designated as “nonadmitted assets,” and charged directly against statutory surplus. These assets consist primarily of premium receivables outstanding more than 90 days, federal deferred tax assets in excess of statutory limitations, state deferred taxes, furniture, equipment, leasehold improvements, capitalized software, and prepaid expenses.

 

9


Amounts related to ceded reinsurance are shown gross as prepaid reinsurance premiums and reinsurance recoverables, rather than netted against unearned premium reserves and loss and loss adjustment expense reserves, respectively, as required by SAP.

 

8


Fixed maturities securities, which are classified as available-for-sale, are reported at current market values,fair value, rather than at amortized cost, or the lower of amortized cost or market,fair value, depending on the specific type of security, as required by SAP.

 

Equity securities are reported at quoted market valuesfair value which may differ from the NAIC market values as required by SAP.

 

The differing treatment of income and expense items results in a corresponding difference in federal income tax expense. Changes in deferred income taxes are reflected as an item of income tax benefit or expense, rather than recorded directly to statutory surplus as regards policyholders, as required by SAP. Admittance testing under SAP may result in a charge to unassigned surplus for non-admitted portions of deferred tax assets. Under GAAP, a valuation allowance may be recorded against the deferred tax asset and reflected as an expense.

 

Investments and Investment Results

General

 

The Company’s investments are directed by the Company’s Chief Investment Officer under the supervision of the Company’s Board of Directors. The Company follows an investment policy that is regularly reviewed and revised. The Company’s policy emphasizes investment grade, fixed income securities and maximization of after-tax yields and places certain restrictions to limit portfolio concentrations and market exposure. Sales of securities are undertaken, with resulting gains or losses, in order to enhance after-tax yield and keep the portfolio in line with current market conditions. Tax considerations, including the impact of the alternative minimum tax (“AMT”), are important in portfolio management. Changes in loss experience, growth rates and profitability produce significant changes in the Company’s exposure to AMT liability, requiring appropriate shifts in the investment asset mix between taxable bonds, tax-exempt bonds and equities in order to maximize after-tax yield.

 

Investment Portfolio

The following table sets forth the composition of the investment portfolio of the Company at the dates indicated:

 

  December 31,
  December 31,  2007  2006  2005
  2006  2005  2004  Amortized  Fair  Amortized  Fair  Amortized  Fair
  

Amortized

Cost

  

Market

Value

  

Amortized

Cost

  

Market

Value

  

Amortized

Cost

  

Market

Value

  Cost  Value  Cost  Value  Cost  Value
  (Amounts in thousands)  (Amounts in thousands)

Taxable bonds

  $583,602  $577,575  $554,472  $549,903  $533,715  $536,261  $440,028  $437,838  $583,602  $577,575  $554,472  $549,903

Tax-exempt state and municipal bonds

   2,264,321   2,317,646   2,034,796   2,091,142   1,623,147   1,700,932   2,418,348   2,447,851   2,264,321   2,317,646   2,034,796   2,091,142

Sinking fund preferred stocks

   3,792   3,766   4,477   4,510   8,093   8,118   2,079   2,071   3,792   3,766   4,477   4,510
                                    

Total fixed maturity investments

   2,851,715   2,898,987   2,593,745   2,645,555   2,164,955   2,245,311   2,860,455   2,887,760   2,851,715   2,898,987   2,593,745   2,645,555

Equity investments incl. perpetual preferred stocks

   258,310   318,449   225,310   276,108   210,553   254,362   330,995   428,237   258,310   318,449   225,310   276,108

Short-term cash investments

   282,302   282,302   321,049   321,049   421,369   421,369

Short-term investments

   272,678   272,678   282,302   282,302   321,049   321,049
                                    

Total investments

  $3,392,327  $3,499,738  $3,140,104  $3,242,712  $2,796,877  $2,921,042  $3,464,128  $3,588,675  $3,392,327  $3,499,738  $3,140,104  $3,242,712
                                    

 

The Company continually evaluates the recoverability of its investment holdings. When a decline in value of fixed maturities or equity securities is considered other than temporary, the Company writes the security down to

10


fair value by recognizing a loss in the consolidated statement of income. Declines in value considered to be temporary are charged as unrealized losses to shareholders’ equity as a reduction of accumulated other

9


comprehensive income. See “Item 7. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations—LiquidityOperations-Liquidity and Capital Resources,”Resources” and “NoteNote 2 of Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements.

 

At year-end, approximately 66%68% of the Company’s total investment portfolio at market values,fair value and 79%85% of its total fixed maturity investments at market values,fair value were invested in investment grade tax-exempt revenue and municipal bonds. Shorter duration sinking fund preferred stocks and collateralized mortgage obligations represented a combined 7.9%6.9% of the Company’s total investment portfolio at market values,fair value at December 31, 2006.2007. The average Standard & Poor’s rating of the Company’s bond holdings was AA at December 31, 2006.2007. Holdings of lower than investment grade bonds constituteconstituted approximately 1.4%1.3% of total invested assets at market values.fair value.

 

The nominal average maturity of the overall bond portfolio, including collateralized mortgage obligations and short-term cash investments, was 11.812.8 years at December 31, 2006,2007, which reflects a heavy portfolio mix in investment grade tax-exempt revenue and municipal bonds. The call-adjusted average maturity of the overall bond portfolio was approximately 5.05.7 years, related to holdings which are heavily weighted with high coupon issues that are expected to be called prior to maturity. The modified duration of the overall bond portfolio reflecting anticipated early calls was 4.04.4 years at December 31, 2006,2007, including collateralized mortgage obligations with modified durations of approximately 2.01.9 years and short-term cash investments that carry no duration. Modified duration measures the length of time it takes, on average, to receive the present value of all the cash flows produced by a bond, including reinvestment of interest. Because it measures four factors (maturity, coupon rate, yield and call terms), which determine sensitivity to changes in interest rates, modified duration is considered a better indicator of price volatility than simple maturity alone. The longer the duration, the greater the price volatility in relation to changes in interest rates.

 

Equity holdings consist of perpetual preferred stocks and dividend-bearing common stocks on which dividend income is partially tax-sheltered by the 70% corporate dividend exclusion. At year end, short-term cash investments consisted of highly rated short durationshort-duration securities redeemable on a daily or weekly basis. The Company does not have any material direct equity investment in subprime lenders.

Investment Results

 

The following table summarizes the investment results of the Company for the five years ended December 31, 2006:2007:

 

    Year ended December 31, 
   2006  2005  2004  2003  2002 
   (Amounts in thousands) 

Average invested assets (includes short-term cash investments (1))

  $3,325,435  $3,058,110  $2,662,224  $2,310,966  $2,035,279 

Net investment income:

      

Before income taxes

   151,099   122,582   109,681   104,520   113,083 

After income taxes

   127,741   105,724   95,897   93,318   99,071 

Average annual yield on investments:

      

Before income taxes

   4.5%  4.0%  4.1%  4.5%  5.6%

After income taxes

   3.8%  3.5%  3.6%  4.0%  4.9%

Net realized investment gains (losses) after income taxes (2)

   10,033   10,504   16,292   7,285   (45,768)

Net (decrease) increase in unrealized gains/losses on investments after income taxes

  $3,103  $(14,000) $(4,284) $42,693  $25,165 

   Year ended December 31, 
   2007  2006  2005  2004  2003 
   (Amounts in thousands) 

Average invested assets (includes short-term investments (1))

  $3,468,399  $3,325,435  $3,058,110  $2,662,224  $2,310,966 

Net investment income:

      

Before income taxes

   158,911   151,099   122,582   109,681   104,520 

After income taxes

   137,777   127,741   105,724   95,897   93,318 

Average annual yield on investments:

      

Before income taxes

   4.6%  4.5%  4.0%  4.1%  4.5%

After income taxes

   4.0%  3.8%  3.5%  3.6%  4.0%

Net realized investment gains after income taxes (2)

   13,525   10,033   10,504   16,292   7,285 

Net increase (decrease) in unrealized gains/losses on investments after income taxes

  $10,905  $3,103  $(14,000) $(4,284) $42,693 

(1) Fixed maturities and equities at cost.
(2) 

Includes investment write-downs,write-down, net of tax benefit that the Company considered to be other than temporaryother-than-temporary impairment of $14.7 million in 2007, $1.3 million in 2006, $1.4 million in 2005, $0.6 million in 2004, $5.9 million in 2003, and $46.6 million in 2002.$5.9

 

1110


million in 2003. 2007 also includes $1.3 million gain, net of tax, and $0.9 million loss, net of tax benefit, related to the change in the fair value of trading securities and hybrid financial instruments, respectively.

Competitive Conditions

 

The property and casualty insurance industry is highly competitive and consists of a large number of multi-state competitors offering automobile, homeowners, commercial property insurance, and other lines. Many of the Company’s competitors have larger volumes of business and greater financial resources than those of the Company. Based on the most recent regularly published statistical compilations of premiums written in 2005,2006, the Company was the third largest writer of private passenger automobile insurance in California and the fourteenth largest in the United States. Competitors with greater market share in California sell insurance through exclusive agents, rather than through independent agents and brokers.

 

The property and casualty insurance industry is highly cyclical, characterized by periods of high premium rates and shortages of underwriting capacity (“hard market”) followed by periods of severe price competition and excess capacity (“soft market”). In management’s view, 2004 through 20062007 was a period of very goodprofitable results for companies underwriting automobile insurance, which has now created a soft market. However,insurance. Many in the Company has observed that many competitors are decreasingindustry began experiencing declining profitability in 2007 and have initiated plans to increase rates. Consequently, the rates they charge customers for insurance. The Company expects that these rate decreases coupled with loss inflation could leadthe market will begin to atransition from soft to hard market within the next 18 months.in 2008.

 

Reputation for service and price are the principal means by which the Company competes with other automobile insurers. The Company believes that it has a good reputation for service, and it has historically been among the lowest-priced insurers doing business in California according to surveys conducted by the California DOI. In addition, the marketing efforts of independent agents and brokers can also provide a competitive advantage.

 

All rates charged by private passenger automobile insurers in California are subject to the prior approval of the California DOI. See “Regulation—Automobile“Regulation-California Department of Insurance Rating Factor Regulations.Oversight.

 

The Company encounters similar competition in each state outside California and line of business in which it operates.

 

Reinsurance

 

The Company has reinsurance through the Florida Hurricane Catastrophe Trust Fund (“FHCF”) that provides coverage equal to approximately 90 percent of $28$24 million in excess of $9 million per occurrence based on the latest information provided by FHCF. The coverage is expected to change when new information is available later in 2007. Prior to April 1, 2006,2008. In addition, FHCF created the Temporary Increase in Coverage Limit (“TICL”) options for the 2007, 2008, and 2009 hurricane seasons. The Company maintained catastrophe reinsurance on Florida and Georgia property policiespurchased an optional layer of coverage under TICL for the 2007 hurricane season that provides coverage equal to 95 percent of $80approximately $20 million in excess of $70 million of losses per occurrence. This reinsurance was placed with domesticaddition to the mandatory coverage provided by FHCF as noted above. The Company expects to purchase this optional coverage for the 2008 and non-domestic reinsurers and several Lloyds syndicates and was not renewed effective April 1, 2006.

The commercial property and homeowners reinsurance treaty that provided reinsurance for losses in excess of $750,000 up to $5 million total loss per incident was not renewed effective January 1, 2007. Prior to January 2005, the Company had reinsurance for commercial property and homeowner policies for losses in excess of $750,000 up to $10 million total loss per incident.2009 hurricane seasons.

 

For California homeowners policies, the Company has reduced its catastrophe exposure from earthquakes due to the placement of earthquake risks with the California Earthquake Authority. See “Regulation—California“Regulation-California Earthquake Authority.” Although the Company’s catastrophe exposure to earthquakes has been reduced, the Company continues to have catastrophe exposure for fire following an earthquake.

 

Prior to January 2006, AMI had working layer reinsurance treaties for property and casualty losses in excess of $500,000 up to $3 million, which was not renewed at January 1, 2007.

The Company continues to carrycarries a commercial umbrella reinsurance treaty and seekseeks facultative arrangements for large property risks.

12


The In addition, the Company has other reinsurance in force that is not material to the consolidated financial statements.

If any reinsurers are unable to perform their obligations under a reinsurance treaty, the Company will be required, as primary insurer, to discharge all obligations to its insureds in their entirety.

 

11


Regulation

 

The Company’s business in the states in which it operates is subject to significant regulation and supervision by the DOI of each state, each of which has broad regulatory, supervisory and administrative powers.

 

California Department of Insurance Oversight

 

The powers of the California DOI primarily include the prior approval of insurance rates and rating factors, the establishment of capital and surplus requirements and solvency standards, and restrictions on dividend payments and transactions with affiliates. California DOI regulations and supervision are designed principally for the benefit of policyholders rather than shareholders.

 

California Proposition 103 requires that property and casualty insurance rates be approved by the California DOI prior to their use and that no rate be approved which is excessive, inadequate, unfairly discriminatory or otherwise in violation of the provisions of the initiative. The proposition specifies four statutory factors required to be applied in “decreasing order of importance” in determining rates for private passenger automobile insurance: (1) the insured’s driving safety record, (2) the number of miles the insured drives annually, (3) the number of years of driving experience of the insured and (4) whatever optional factors are determined by the California DOI to have a substantial relationship to risk of loss and are adopted by regulation. The statute further provides that insurers are required to give at least a 20% discount to “good drivers,” as defined, from rates that would otherwise be charged to such drivers and that no insurer may refuse to insure a “good driver.” The Company’s rate plan was approved by the California DOI and operates under these rating factor regulations.

The California DOI is also responsible for conducting periodic financial examinations of insurance companies domiciled in California.California and is conducting a financial examination of the Company’s California insurance companies for the period January 1, 2004 through December 31, 2007. The examination is in its early stages.

 

The California DOI’s Market Conduct Division is responsible for conducting periodic examinations of companies to ensure compliance with the California Insurance Code and the California Code of Regulations with respect to rating, underwriting and claims handling practices. The California DOI is conducting a rating and underwriting examination of the business written in California in the 2004, 2005, and 2006 underwriting years. The examination is in its early stages.

 

In February 2004, theFor discussion of current regulatory matters in California, DOI issued a Noticesee “Regulatory and Legal Matters” in “Item 7. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Non-Compliance (“NNC”) alleging that the Company willfully misrepresented the actual price consumers could expect to pay for insurance by the amountFinancial Condition and Results of a one-time fee charged by the consumer’s insurance broker. The Company filed a Notice of Defense in response to the NNC. The Company does not believe that it has done anything to warrant a monetary penalty from the California DOI. The San Francisco Superior Court, inKrumme v. Mercury Insurance Company, denied plaintiff’s requests for restitution or any other form of retrospective monetary relief based on the same facts and legal theory. If a monetary penalty is imposed by the California DOI, the Company is unable to estimate the monetary penalty and therefore, no reserve for the potential monetary penalty has been established in the consolidated financial statements. The matter is currently in discovery and a hearing before the administrative law judge has been scheduled for September 2007.Operations.”

 

State Insurance Agency Oversight in Other States

 

The Insurance Companies outside California are subject to the regulatory powers of the DOIs of the various states in which they operate. Those regulatory powers are similar to those of California enumerated above.

 

Insurance rates in Georgia, New York, New Jersey, Pennsylvania and Nevada require prior approval from the state DOI, while insurance rates in Illinois, Texas, Virginia, Arizona and Michigan must only be filed with the respective DOI before they are implemented. Oklahoma and Florida have a modified version of prior approval laws. In all states, the insurance code provides that rates must not be excessive, inadequate or unfairly discriminatory.

 

The DOI in each state in which the Company operates conducts periodic financial examinations of the Company’s insurance subsidiaries domiciled within the respective state. The Georgia DOI is conductingconducted a financial examination of the Company’s Georgia insurance subsidiaries for the period January 1, 2001 through December 31, 2003. TheNo material matters were noted in the final report forof this examination is not yet available.issued in July 2007. In addition, the Georgia DOI commenced a financial examination of the Company’s Georgia insurance subsidiaries for the period January 1, 2004 through December 31, 2006 in the first quarter of 2008.

 

12


In addition to the financial examinations, the DOI in each state conducts market conduct examinations of the Company’s compliance with insurance statutes and regulations with respect to rating, underwriting, claims handling, billing and other practices. The Florida DOI has conducted a market conduct examination of Mercury

13


Select Management Company, Inc. for the period January 1, 2003 through December 31, 2005. The report for this examination, received in November 2006, noted no deficiencies. The Virginia DOI commencedconducted a market conduct examination of Mercury Casualty Company in January 2007 for the period of January 1, 2006 through June 30, 2006. TheNo material matters were noted in the final report forof this examination is not yet available.issued in August 2007.

For discussion of current regulatory matters in other states outside California, see “Regulatory and Legal Matters” in “Item 7. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations.”

 

The operations of the Company are dependent on the laws of the states in which it does business and changes in those laws can materially affect the revenue and expenses of the Company. The Company retains its own legislative advocates in California. The Company made financial contributions of $476,396$463,985 and $352,550$476,396 to officeholders and candidates in 20062007 and 2005,2006, respectively. The Company believes in supporting the political process and intends to continue to make such contributions in amounts which it determines to be appropriate.

 

Insurance Assessments

 

The California Insurance Guarantee Association (“CIGA”) was created to provide for payment of claims for which insolvent insurers of most casualty lines are liable but which cannot be paid out of such insurers’ assets. The Company is subject to assessment by CIGA for its pro-rata share of such claims based on premiums written in the particular line in the year preceding the assessment by insurers writing that line of insurance in California. Such assessments are based upon estimates of losses to be incurred in liquidating an insolvent insurer. In a particular year, the Company cannot be assessed an amount greater than 2% of its premiums written in the preceding year. These assessments are recouped through a mandated surcharge to policyholders the year after the assessment. Insurance subsidiaries in the other states are also subject to the provisions of similar insurance guaranty associations.

 

During 2006,2007, the Company paid approximately $7$3.5 million in assessments to the New Jersey Unsatisfied Claim and Judgment Fund and the New Jersey Property-Liability Insurance Guaranty Association for assessments relating to its personal automobile line of business. In addition, the Company accrued approximately $0.5 million for the Florida Citizens Property Insurance Corporation and paid and accrued approximately $1 million for the Florida Insurance Guaranty Association for assessments relating to its homeowners line of business. As permitted by state law, approximately $5 millionthe majority of the New Jersey assessment and the majority of the Florida assessments paid during 2007 are recoupable through a surcharge to policyholders. During 2006,2007, the Company began to recoup these assessments and will continue recouping them in 2007.2008. It is possible that there will be additional assessments in 2007.2008.

 

Holding Company Act

 

The California Companies are subject to regulation by the California DOI pursuant to the provisions of the California Insurance Holding Company System Regulatory Act (the “Holding Company Act”). The California DOI may examine the affairs of each of the California Companies at any time. The Holding Company Act requires disclosure of any material transactions among affiliates within a Holding Company System. Certain transactions and dividends defined to be of an “extraordinary” type may not be effected if the California DOI disapproves the transaction within 30 days after notice. Such transactions include, but are not limited to, extraordinary dividends; management agreements, service contracts, and cost-sharing arrangements; all guarantees that are not quantifiable; derivative transactions or series of derivative transactions; certain reinsurance transactions or modifications thereof in which the reinsurance premium or a change in the insurer’s liabilities equals or exceeds 5 percent of the insurer’s policyholder’spolicyholders’ surplus as of the preceding December 31; sales, purchases, exchanges, loans and extensions of credit; and investments, in the net aggregate, involving more than the lesser of 3% of the respective California Company’s admitted assets or 25% of statutory surplus as regards policyholders as of the preceding December 31. An extraordinary dividend is a dividend which, together with other dividends or distributions made within the preceding 12 months, exceeds the greater of 10% of the insurance company’s statutory policyholders’ surplus as of the preceding December 31 or the insurance company’s statutory net income

13


for the preceding calendar year. An insurance company is also required to notify the California DOI of any dividend after declaration, but prior to payment.

 

14


The Holding Company Act also provides that the acquisition or change of “control” of a California domiciled insurance company or of any person who controls such an insurance company cannot be consummated without the prior approval of the California DOI. In general, a presumption of “control” arises from the ownership of voting securities and securities that are convertible into voting securities, which in the aggregate constitute 10% or more of the voting securities of a California insurance company or of a person that controls a California insurance company, such as Mercury General. A person seeking to acquire “control,” directly or indirectly, of the Company must generally file with the California DOI an application for change of control containing certain information required by statute and published regulations and provide a copy of the application to the Company. The Holding Company Act also effectively restricts the Company from consummating certain reorganizations or mergers without prior regulatory approval.

 

Each of the Insurance Companies is subject to holding company regulations in the states in which it is domiciled; the provisions of which are substantially similar to those of the Holding Company Act.

 

Assigned Risks

 

Automobile liability insurers in California are required to sell bodily injury liability, property damage liability, medical expense and uninsured motorist coverage to a proportionate number (based on the insurer’s share of the California automobile casualty insurance market) of those drivers applying for placement as “assigned risks.” Drivers seek placement as assigned risks because their driving records or other relevant characteristics, as defined by Proposition 103, make them difficult to insure in the voluntary market. In 2006,2007, assigned risks represented 0.1% of total automobile direct premiums written and 0.1% of total automobile direct premium earned. The Company attributes the low level of assignments to the competitive voluntary market. Many of the other states in which the Company conducts business offer programs similar to that of California. These programs are not a significant contributor to the business written in those states.

 

Automobile Insurance Rating Factor Regulations

California Proposition 103 requires that property and casualty insurance rates be approved by the California DOI prior to their use, and that no rate be approved which is excessive, inadequate, unfairly discriminatory or otherwise in violation of the provisions of the initiative. The proposition specifies four statutory factors required to be applied in “decreasing order of importance” in determining rates for private passenger automobile insurance: (1) the insured’s driving safety record, (2) the number of miles the insured drives annually, (3) the number of years of driving experience of the insured and (4) whatever optional factors are determined by the California DOI to have a substantial relationship to risk of loss and are adopted by regulation. The statute further provides that insurers are required to give at least a 20% discount to “good drivers,” as defined, from rates that would otherwise be charged to such drivers and that no insurer may refuse to insure a “good driver.” The Company’s rate plan was approved by the California DOI and operates under these rating factor regulations.

On July 14, 2006, the California Office of Administrative Law approved proposed regulations by the California DOI that effectively reduce the weight that insurers can place on a person’s residence when establishing automobile insurance rates. Insurance companies in California are now required to file rating plans with the California DOI that comply with the new regulations. There is a two year phase-in period for insurers to fully implement those plans. As such, the Company made a rate filing in August 2006 that reduced the territorial impact of its rates and requested a small overall rate increase. Additional rate filings will be required during the two year phase-in period. The DOI has not yet approved the August 2006 filing, nor is there any assurance that it will. In general, the Company expects that the regulations will cause rates for urban drivers to decrease and those for non-urban drivers to increase. These rate changes are likely to increase consumer shopping for insurance which could affect the volume and the retention rates of the Company’s business. It is the Company’s intention to maintain its competitive position in the marketplace while complying with the new regulations.

On April 3, 2007, new regulations governing the approval of property and casualty insurance rates will become effective in California. These regulations generally tighten the existing Proposition 103 prior approval ratemaking

15


regime primarily by establishing a maximum allowable rate of return of just below 11 percent (the average of short, intermediate and long-term T-bill rates, plus 6 percent) and a minimum allowable rate of return of negative 6 percent of surplus. However, the practical impact of these limitations is unclear because the California DOI has yet to promulgate input values for surplus standards by line, efficiency standards, and reserve ratios. In addition, the new regulations allow for the California DOI to grant a number of variances based on service, loss prevention, business mix, service to underserved communities, and other factors. The Company anticipates the new regulations will be challenged in the courts either before their effective date or with their first application.

On January 31, 2006, the Florida Financial Services Commission approved new regulations requiring insurers to submit information to the Florida Office of Insurance Regulation (“OIR”) regarding the use of credit reports and credit scores in establishing rules, rates or underwriting guidelines. Under the regulations, any insurer that uses credit scores or credit reports in filing a new rule, rate or underwriting guideline will be required to provide information sufficient to demonstrate that its credit scoring methodology does not disproportionately affect persons of any particular race, color, religion, marital status, age, gender, income level or place of residence. The regulations were challenged by several insurance industry trade associations and were recently struck down by a Florida Administrative Law Judge, and hence, there is no near-term compliance deadline. It is uncertain if and how the OIR intends to continue to pursue this change in the law. The Company intends to maintain its competitive position in the Florida marketplace while complying with the new regulations if they are implemented.

In the January 2007 special session of the Florida Legislature, a bill designed to improve the availability and affordability of property insurance in Florida was passed and subsequently signed by the Governor. Among the significant provisions in the new law is a requirement that all companies that write private passenger automobile policies in Florida also write homeowners policies in Florida if they write homeowners policies in any other state. The law also expands the availability of reinsurance through the Florida Hurricane Catastrophe Fund, requires rate filings to reflect savings from the availability of such reinsurance, includes homeowners insurance under Florida’s existing excess profits regulations, and requires insurers to offer discounts for various deductible options and hurricane mitigation measures. The Company is closely monitoring the development of the regulations related to this new law, which are expected to become effective in the spring of 2007.

The Company is not able to determine the impact of any of the legal and regulatory changes described in the four paragraphs above. However, it is possible that the impact could adversely affect the Company and its results from operations.

California Financial Responsibility Law

California requires proof of insurance for new or renewal motor vehicle registration. It also provides for substantial penalties for failure to supply proof of insurance if a driver is stopped for a traffic violation. In addition, California provides that injured uninsured drivers are only able to recover actual, out-of-pocket medical expenses and lost wages and are not entitled to receive awards for general damages such as “pain and suffering.” This restriction also applies to drunk drivers and fleeing felons. The law has helped control loss costs.

California Earthquake Authority

 

The California Earthquake Authority (“CEA”) is a quasi-governmental organization that was established to provide a market for earthquake coverage to California homeowners. Since 1998, theThe Company has placedplaces all new and renewal earthquake coverage offered with its homeowners policy through the CEA. The Company receives a small fee for placing business with the CEA.

 

Upon the occurrence of a major seismic event, the CEA has the ability to assess participating companies for losses. These assessments are made after CEA capital has been expended and are based upon each company’s participation percentage multiplied by the amount of the total assessment. Based upon the most recent information provided by the CEA, the Company’s maximum total exposure to CEA assessments at June 28, 2006,April 26, 2007, was approximately $65$69 million.

 

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Terrorism Risk Insurance Act of 2002

The federal government enacted the Terrorism Risk Insurance Act of 2002 (the “Act”) to establish a temporary Federal program that provides for a system of shared public and private compensation for insured commercial property and casualty losses resulting from acts of terrorism, as defined within the Act. Originally scheduled to expire on December 31, 2005, the Act was extended for two additional years and amended by the Terrorism Risk Insurance Extension Act of 2005 (the “Extension Act”). The Terrorism Insurance Program (the “Program”) requires commercial property and casualty insurers licensed in the United States to participate. The Extension Act modified the provisions of the Act by providing exclusions of certain insured coverages such as commercial automobile insurance, creating a Program trigger for funding of certified events occurring after March 31, 2006 which exceed aggregate industry losses of $50 million in 2006 and $100 million in 2007. The U.S. government funding for certified events will remain at 90% of covered losses in 2006; decreasing to 85% of covered losses in 2007. Each insurance company is subject to a deductible based upon a percentage of the previous year’s direct earned premium; with the percentage increasing each year. The Program, as amended, runs through December 31, 2007.

The Company writes a limited number of commercial property policies generally not considered to be targets of terrorist activities such as airports, hotels, large office structures, amusement parks, landmark defined structures or other public facilities. In addition, the Company does not insure a high concentration of commercial policies in any one area where increased exposure to terrorist threats exists. Consequently, the Company believes its exposure relating to acts of terrorism is low.

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EXECUTIVE OFFICERS OF THE COMPANY

 

The following table sets forth certain information concerning the executive officers of the Company as of February 15, 2007:

 

Name

  Age  

Position

George Joseph

  8586  Chairman of the Board

Gabriel Tirador

  4243  President and Chief Executive Officer

Bruce E. NormanAllan Lubitz

  5849  Senior Vice President—MarketingPresident and Chief Information Officer

Joanna Y. Moore

  5152  Senior Vice President and Chief Claims Officer

Bruce E. Norman

59Senior Vice President—Marketing

John Sutton

60Senior Vice President—Customer Service

Ronald Deep

  5152  Vice President—South East Region

Randy Farner

44Vice President and Chief Information Officer

Christopher Graves

  4142  Vice President and Chief Investment Officer

Kenneth G. KitzmillerRobert Houlihan

  60Vice President—Underwriting

Rick McCathron

35Vice President—West Region

Peter Simon

4751  Vice President and Chief TechnologyProduct Officer

Kenneth G. Kitzmiller

61Vice President—Underwriting

Theodore R. Stalick

  4344  Vice President and Chief Financial Officer

Charles Toney

  4546  Vice President and Chief Actuary

Kenneth Van Wagner

48Vice President—North East Region

Judy A. Walters

  6061  Vice President—Corporate Affairs and Secretary

 

Mr. Joseph, Chairman of the Board of Directors, has served in this capacity since 1961. He held the position of Chief Executive Officer of the Company for 45 years from 1961 through December 2006 and of President between October 2000 and October 2001. Mr. Joseph has more than 50 years’ experience in the property and casualty insurance business.

 

Mr. Tirador, President and Chief Executive Officer, served as the Company’s assistant controller from 1994 to 1996. FromIn 1997 to Februaryand 1998 he served as the Vice President and Controller of the Automobile Club of Southern California. He rejoined the Company in 1998 as Vice President and Chief Financial Officer. He was appointed President and Chief Operating Officer in October 2001 and Chief Executive Officer in January 2007. Mr. Tirador has over 20 years experience in the property and casualty insurance industry and is a Certified Public Accountant.

 

Mr. Norman,Lubitz, Senior Vice President in charge of Marketing, has been employed byand Chief Information Officer, joined the Company since 1971. Mr. Norman was namedin January 2008. Prior to his current position in 1999, and has been ajoining the Company, he served as Senior Vice President since 1985 and Chief Information Officer of Option One Mortgage from 2003 to 2007 and President of ANR Consulting Group from 2000 to 2003. Prior to 2000, he held various management positions at First American Corporation over a 20 year period, most recently as Senior Vice President of MCC since 1983. Mr. Norman has supervised the selection and training of agents and managed relations between agents and the Company since 1977.Chief Information Officer.

 

Ms. Moore, Senior Vice President and Chief Claims Officer, joined the Company in the claims department in 1981. She was named Vice President of Claims of Mercury General in 1991 and Vice President and Chief Claims Officer in 1995. She was promoted to Senior Vice President and Chief Claims Officer on January 1, 2007.

 

Mr. Norman, Senior Vice President-Marketing, has been employed by the Company since 1971. Mr. Norman was named to his current position in 1999, and has been a Vice President since 1985 and a Vice President of MCC since 1983. Mr. Norman has supervised the selection and training of agents and managed relations between agents and the Company since 1977.

Mr. Sutton, Senior Vice President-Customer Service, joined the Company as Assistant to CEO in July 2000. He was named Vice President in September 2007 and Senior Vice President in January 2008. Prior to joining the Company, he served as President and Chief Executive Officer of The Covenant Group from 1994 to 2000. Prior to 1994, he held various executive positions at Hanover Insurance Company.

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Mr. Deep, Vice President – SouthPresident-South East Region, joined the Company in September 2006 as State Administrator for the South East Region and was named Vice President of the South East Region in February 2007. Prior to joining the Company, Mr. Deep was Executive Vice President of Shelby Insurance Company from 2004 to 2006 and an Assistant Vice President of USAA from 1994 to 2004.

 

Mr. Farner, Vice President and Chief Information Officer, joined the Company in January 2007. Prior to joining the Company, he served as Vice President and Chief Information Officer of the Automobile Club of Southern California from 2003 to 2007 and Regional Business Development Manager at Keane from 2001 to 2003. Prior to 2001, he held various management level information technology positions.

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Mr. Graves, Vice President and Chief Investment Officer, has been employed by the Company in the investment department since 1986. Mr. Graves was appointed Chief Investment Officer in 1998, and named Vice President in April 2001.

 

Mr. Houlihan, Vice President and Chief Product Officer, joined the Company in December 2007. Prior to joining the Company, he served as Senior Product Manager at Bristol West Insurance Group from 2005 to 2007 and Product Manager at Progressive Insurance Company from 1999 to 2005.

Mr. Kitzmiller, Vice President—Underwriting,President-Underwriting, has been employed by the Company in the underwriting department since 1972. In 1991, he was appointed Vice President of Underwriting of Mercury General and has supervised the California underwriting activities of the Company since early 1996.

Mr. McCathron, Vice President—West Region, joined the Company in the underwriting department in 1993. He was named to his current position in April 2004. Mr. McCathron has served in various positions and responsibilities since joining the Company.

Mr. Simon, Vice President and Chief Technology Officer, has been employed by the Company since 1980. He was appointed to his current position in October 2003. Prior to this appointment, Mr. Simon served as a Vice President in the Information Systems Department since December 1999.

 

Mr. Stalick, Vice President and Chief Financial Officer, joined the Company as Corporate Controller in 1997. In October 2000, he was named Chief Accounting Officer, a role he held until appointed to his current position in October 2001. Mr. Stalick is a Certified Public Accountant.

 

Mr. Toney, Vice President and Chief Actuary, joined the Company in 1984 as a programmer/analyst. In 1994 he earned his Fellowship in the Casualty Actuarial Society and was appointed to his current position.

 

Mr. Van Wagner,Ms. Walters, Vice President—North East Region, joined the Company as the New York State Administrator in 1999. He was named to his current position in August 2005. Prior to joining the Company, Mr. Van Wagner worked for Prudential PropertyPresident-Corporate Affairs and Casualty in a variety of positions from 1981 to 1999.

Ms. WaltersSecretary, has been employed by the Company since 1967, and has served as its Secretary since 1982. Ms. Walters was named Vice President—Corporate Affairs in 1998.

Item 1A.    Risk Factors

Item 1A.Risk Factors

 

The Company’s business involves various risks and uncertainties, some of which are discussed in this section. The information discussed below should be considered carefully with the other information contained in this Annual Report on Form 10-K and the other documents and materials filed by the Company with the SEC, as well as news releases and other information publicly disseminated by the Company from time to time.

 

The risks and uncertainties described below are not the only ones facing the Company. Additional risks and uncertainties not presently known to the Company, or that it currently believes to be immaterial, may also adversely affect the Company’s business. Any of the following risks or uncertainties that develop into actual events could have a materially adverse effect on the Company’s business, financial condition or results of operations.

 

Risks Related to the Company and its Business

 

The Company is a holding company that relies on regulated subsidiaries for cash to satisfy its obligations.

 

As a holding company, the Company maintains no operations that generate revenue to pay operating expenses, shareholders’ dividends or principal or interest on its indebtedness. Consequently, the Company relies on the ability of its insurance subsidiaries, and particularly its California insurance subsidiaries, to pay dividends for the Company to meet its debt payment obligations and pay other expenses. The ability of the Company’s insurance subsidiaries to pay dividends is regulated by state insurance laws, which limit the amount of, and in certain circumstances may prohibit the payment of, cash dividends. Generally, these insurance regulations permit the payment of dividends only out of earned surplus in any year which, together with other dividends or distributions

19


made within the preceding 12 months, do not exceed the greater of 10% of statutory surplus as of the end of the preceding year or the net income for the preceding year, with larger dividends payable only after receipt of prior

16


regulatory approval. The inability of the Company’s insurance subsidiaries to pay dividends in an amount sufficient to enable the Company to meet its cash requirements at the holding company level could have a material adverse effect on the Company’s results of operations and its ability to pay dividends to its shareholders.

 

If the Company’s loss reserves are inadequate, its business and financial position could be harmed.

 

The process of establishing property and liability loss reserves is inherently uncertain due to a number of factors, including underwriting quality, the frequency and amount of covered losses, variations in claims settlement practices, the costs and uncertainty of litigation, and expanding theories of liability. While the Company believes that improved actuarial techniques and databases have assisted in estimating loss reserves, the Company’s methods may prove to be inadequate. If any of these contingencies, many of which are beyond the Company’s control, results in loss reserves that are not sufficient to cover its actual losses, its results of operations, liquidity and financial position may be materially adversely affected.

 

The Company’s success depends on its ability to accurately underwrite risks and to charge adequate premiums to policyholders.

 

The Company’s financial condition, liquidity and results of operations depend on the Company’s ability to underwrite and set premiums accurately for the risks it faces. Premium rate adequacy is necessary to generate sufficient premium to offset losses, loss adjustment expenses and underwriting expenses and to earn a profit. In order to price its products accurately, the Company must collect and properly analyze a substantial volume of data; develop, test and apply appropriate rating formulae; closely monitor and timely recognize changes in trends; and project both severity and frequency of losses with reasonable accuracy. The Company’s ability to undertake these efforts successfully, and as a result, price accurately, is subject to a number of risks and uncertainties, including, without limitation:

 

availability of sufficient reliable data,

 

incorrect or incomplete analysis of available data,

 

uncertainties inherent in estimates and assumptions, generally,

 

selection and application of appropriate rating formulae or other pricing methodologies,

 

the Company’s ability to successfully innovate with new pricing strategies,

 

the Company’s ability to forecast renewals of existing policies accurately,

 

unanticipated court decisions, legislation or regulatory action,

 

ongoing changes in the Company’s claim settlement practices,

 

changing driving patterns,

 

extra-contractual liability arising from bad faith claims,

 

weather catastrophes,

 

unexpected medical inflation, and

 

unanticipated inflation in auto repair costs, auto parts prices and used car prices.

 

Such risks may result in the Company’s pricing being based on outdated, inadequate or inaccurate data or inappropriate analyses, assumptions or methodologies, and may cause the Company to estimate incorrectly future changes in the frequency or severity of claims. As a result, the Company could underprice risks, which would negatively affect the Company’s margins, or it could overprice risks, which could reduce the Company’s volume and competitiveness. In either event, the Company’s operating results, financial condition and cash flow could be materially adversely affected.

 

2017


The effects of emerging claim and coverage issues on the Company’s business are uncertain and may have an adverse effect on the Company’s business.

 

As industry practices and legal, judicial, social and other environmental conditions change, unexpected and unintended issues related to claims and coverage may emerge. These issues may adversely affect the Company’s business by either extending coverage beyond its underwriting intent or by increasing the number or size of claims. In some instances, these changes may not become apparent until some time after the Company has issued insurance policies that are affected by the changes. As a result, the full extent of liability under the Company’s insurance policies may not be known for many years after a policy is issued.

 

The Company’s private passenger insurance rates are subject to prior approval by the departments of insurance in most of the states in which the Company operates, and to political influences.

 

In most of the states in which the Company operates, it must obtain prior approval from the state department of insurance of the private passenger insurance rates charged to its customers, including any increases in those rates. If the Company is unable to receive approval of the rate increases it requests, the Company’s ability to operate its business in a profitable manner may be limited and its liquidity, financial condition and results of operations may be adversely affected.

 

From time to time, the private passenger auto insurance industry comes under pressure from state regulators, legislators and special interest groups to reduce, freeze or set rates at levels that do not correspond with underlying costs, in the opinion of the Company’s management. The homeowners insurance business faces similar pressure, particularly as regulators in catastrophe-prone states seek an acceptable methodology to price for catastrophe exposure. In addition, various insurance underwriting and pricing criteria regularly come under attack by regulators, legislators and special interest groups. The result could be legislation or regulations that would adversely affect the Company’s business, financial condition and results of operations.

 

The Company remains highly dependent upon California and several other key states to produce revenues and operating profits.

 

For the year ended December 31, 2006,2007, the Company generated approximately 74.5%78.3% of its direct automobile insurance premiums written in California, 8.2%6.9% in Florida and 6.5%4.5% in New Jersey. The Company’s financial results are therefore subject to prevailing regulatory, legal, economic, demographic, competitive and other conditions in these states and changes in any of these conditions could negatively impact the Company’s results of operations. In 2006,2007, operations in California and Florida produced operating profits whereas operations in Florida and New Jersey produced operating losses.

 

If the Company cannot maintain its A.M. Best ratings, it may not be able to maintain premium volume in its insurance operations sufficient to attain the Company’s financial performance goals.

 

The Company’s ability to retain its existing business or to attract new business in its insurance operations is affected by its rating by A.M. Best Company. A.M. Best Company currently rates all of the Company’s insurance subsidiaries with sufficient operating history to be rated as either A+ (Superior) or A- (Excellent). If the Company is unable to maintain its A.M. Best ratings, the Company may not be able to grow its premium volume sufficiently to attain its financial performance goals, and if A.M. Best were to downgrade the Company’s rating, the Company could lose significant premium volume.

 

The Company’s ability to access capital markets, its financing arrangements, and its business operations are dependent on favorable evaluations and ratings by credit and other rating agencies.

Financial strength and claims-paying ability ratings issued by firms such as Standard & Poor’s, Fitch, and Moody’s have become an increasingly important factor in establishing the competitive position of insurance

18


companies. The Company’s ability to attract and retain policies is affected by its ratings with these agencies. Rating agencies assign ratings based upon their evaluations of an insurance company’s ability to meet its financial obligations. The Company’s financial strength ratings with Standard & Poor’s, Fitch, and Moody’s are AA-, AA-, and Aa3, respectively; its respective debt ratings are A-, A, and A3; and its outlook is stable with all three agencies. Since these ratings are subject to continuous review, the Company cannot guarantee the continuation of the favorable ratings. If the ratings were lowered significantly by any one of these agencies relative to those of the Company’s competitors, its ability to market products to new customers and to renew the policies of current customers could be harmed. A lowering of the ratings could also limit the Company’s access to the capital markets or adversely affect pricing of new debt sought in the capital markets. These events, in turn, could have a material adverse effect on the Company’s net income and liquidity.

The Company’s insurance subsidiaries are subject to minimum capital and surplus requirements, and any failure to meet these requirements could subject the Company’s insurance subsidiaries to regulatory action.

 

The Company’s insurance subsidiaries are subject to risk-based capital standards and other minimum capital and surplus requirements imposed under applicable laws of their state of domicile. The risk-based capital standards, based upon the Risk-Based Capital Model Act adopted by the National Association of Insurance

21


Commissioners, or NAIC, require the Company’s insurance company subsidiaries to report their results of risk-based capital calculations to state departments of insurance and the NAIC. If any of the Company’s insurance subsidiaries fails to meet these standards and requirements, the Department of Insurance regulating such subsidiary may require specified actions by the subsidiary.

 

There is uncertainty involved in the availability of reinsurance and the collectibility of reinsurance recoverables.

 

The Company reinsures a portion of its potential losses on the policies it issues to mitigate the volatility of the losses on its financial condition and results of operations. The availability and cost of reinsurance is subject to market conditions, which are outside of the Company’s control. From time to time, market conditions have limited, and in some cases prevented, insurers from obtaining the types and amounts of reinsurance that they consider adequate for their business needs. As a result, the Company may not be able to successfully purchase reinsurance and transfer a portion of the Company’s risk through reinsurance arrangements. In addition, as is customary, the Company initially pays all claims and seeks to recover the reinsured losses from its reinsurers. Although the Company reports as assets the amount of claims paid which the Company expects to recover from reinsurers, no assurance can be given that the Company will be able to collect from its reinsurers. If the amounts actually recoverable under the Company’s reinsurance treaties are ultimately determined to be less than the amount it has reported as recoverable, the Company may incur a loss during the period in which that determination is made.

 

The Company depends on independent agents who may discontinue sales of its policies at any time.

 

The Company sells its insurance policies through more than 4,500 independent brokers and agents. The Company must compete with other insurance carriers for these brokers and agents’ business. Some competitors offer a larger variety of products, lower prices for insurance coverage, higher commissions, or more attractive non-cash incentives. To maintain its relationship with these independent agents, the Company must pay competitive commissions, be able to respond to their needs quickly and adequately, and create a consistently high level of customer satisfaction. If these independent agents find it preferable to do business with the Company’s competitors, it would be difficult to renew the Company’s existing business or attract new business. State regulations may also limit the manner in which the Company’s producers are compensated or incentivized. Such developments could negatively impact the Company’s relationship with these parties and ultimately reduce revenues.

 

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One independent broker of the Company is responsible for a significant amount of the Company’s revenues, and the loss of business provided by that broker could adversely affect the Company’s results of operations and financial condition.

 

The Company markets its insurance policies primarily through independent agents and brokers. One broker provided 13%14% of the Company’s direct written premiums in the year ended December 31, 2006.2007. Loss of all or a substantial portion of the business provided by this broker could have a material adverse effect on the Company’s business.

 

Changes in market interest rates or defaults may have an adverse effect on the Company’s investment portfolio, which may adversely affect the Company’s financial results.

 

The Company’s results are affected, in part, by the performance of its investment portfolio. The Company’s investment portfolio contains interest rate sensitive-investments, such as municipal and corporate bonds. Increases in market interest rates may have an adverse impact on the value of the investment portfolio by decreasing unrealized capital gains on fixed income securities. Declining market interest rates could have an adverse impact on the Company’s investment income as it invests positive cash flows from operations and as it reinvests proceeds from maturing and called investments in new investments that could yield lower rates than the Company’s investments have historically generated. Defaults in the Company’s investment portfolio may produce operating losses and reduce the Company’s capital and surplus.

 

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Interest rates are highly sensitive to many factors, including governmental monetary policies, domestic and international economic and political conditions and other factors beyond the Company’s control. Although the Company takes measures to manage the risks of investing in a changing interest rate environment, it may not be able to mitigate interest rate sensitivity effectively. The Company’s mitigation efforts include maintaining a high quality portfolio with a relatively short duration to reduce the effect of interest rate changes on book value. Despite its mitigation efforts, a significant increase in interest rates could have a material adverse effect on the Company’s book value.

 

Changes in the financial strength ratings of financial guaranty insurers issuing policies on bonds held in the Company’s investment portfolio may have an adverse effect on the Company’s investment results.

In an effort to enhance the bond rating applicable to a certain bond issues, some bond issuers purchase municipal bond insurance policies from private insurers. The insurance generally guarantees the payment of principal and interest on a bond issue if the issuer defaults. By purchasing the insurance, the financial strength ratings applicable to the bonds are based on the credit worthiness of the insurer rather than the underlying credit of the bond issuer. Several financial guaranty insurers that have issued insurance policies covering bonds held by the Company are facing financial strength rating downgrades due to risk exposures on insurance policies that guarantee mortgage debt and related structured products. As the financial strength ratings of these insurers are reduced, the ratings of the insured bond issues correspondingly decrease. Although the Company has determined that the financial strength rating of the underlying bond issues in its investment portfolio are within the Company’s investment policy without the enhancement provided by the insurance policies, any further downgrades in the financial strength ratings of these insurance companies or any defaults on the insurance policies written by these insurance companies may reduce the value of the underlying bond issues and the Company’s investment portfolio or may reduce the investment results generated by the Company’s investment portfolio, which could have a material adverse effect on the Company’s financial condition and liquidity or results of operations.

The Company’s business is vulnerable to significant catastrophic property loss, which could have an adverse effect on its results of operations.

 

The Company faces a significant risk of loss in the ordinary course of its business for property damage resulting from natural disasters, man-made catastrophes and other catastrophic events, particularly hurricanes, earthquakes, hail storms, explosions, tropical storms, fires, war, acts of terrorism, severe winter weather and other

20


natural and man-made disasters. Because catastrophic loss events are by their nature unpredictable, historical results of operations may not be indicative of future results of operations, and the occurrence of claims from catastrophic events is likely to result in substantial volatility in the Company’s financial condition or results of operations from period to period. Although the Company attempts to manage its exposure to such events, the occurrence of one or more major catastrophes in any given period could have a material and adverse impact on the Company’s financial condition and results of operations and could result in substantial outflows of cash as losses are paid.

 

The Company’s expansion plans may adversely affect its future profitability.

 

The Company is currently expanding and intends to further expand its operations in several of the states in which the Company has operations and into states in which it has not yet begun operations. The intended expansion will necessitate increased expenditures. The Company expects to fund these expenditures out of cash flow from operations. The expansion may not occur, or if it does occur may not be successful in providing increased revenues or profitability. If the Company’s cash flow from operations is insufficient to cover the increased costs of the expansion, or if the expansion does not provide the benefits anticipated, the Company’s financial condition and results of operations and ability to grow its business may be harmed.

 

The Company may require additional capital in the future, which may not be available or may only be available on unfavorable terms.

 

The Company’s future capital requirements depends on many factors, including its ability to write new business successfully, its ability to establish premium rates and reserves at levels sufficient to cover losses and the success of its current expansion plans. The Company may need to raise additional funds through financings or curtail its growth and reduce its assets. Any equity or debt financing, if available at all, may not be available on terms that are favorable to us. In the case of equity financings, dilution to the Company’s shareholders could result, and in any case such securities may have rights, preferences and privileges that are senior to those of the Company’s current shareholders. If the Company cannot obtain adequate capital on favorable terms or at all, its business, operating results and financial condition could be adversely affected.

 

The Company relies on its information technology systems to manage many aspects of its business, and any failure of these systems to function properly or any interruption in their operation could result in a material adverse effect on the Company’s business, financial condition and results of operations.

 

The Company depends on the accuracy, reliability and proper functioning of its information technology systems. The Company relies on these information technology systems to effectively manage many aspects of its business, including underwriting, policy acquisition, claims processing and handling, accounting, reserving and actuarial processes and policies, and to maintain its policyholder data. The Company is developing and deploying

23


new information technology systems that are designed to manage many of these functions across all of the states in which it operates and all of the lines of insurance it offers. See Item“Item 7. “Technology.Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations-Technology.” The failure of hardware or software that supports the Company’s information technology systems, the loss of data contained in the systems, or any delay or failure in the full deployment of the Company’s new information technology systems could disrupt its business and could result in decreased premiums, increased overhead costs and inaccurate reporting, all of which could have a material adverse effect on the Company’s business, financial condition and results of operations.

 

In addition, despite system redundancy, the implementation of security measures and the existence of a disaster recovery plan for the Company’s information technology systems, these systems are vulnerable to damage or interruption from:

 

earthquake, fire, flood and other natural disasters;

 

terrorist attacks and attacks by computer viruses or hackers;

 

21


power loss;

 

unauthorized access; and

 

computer systems, Internet, telecommunications or data network failure.

 

It is possible that a system failure, accident or security breach could result in a material disruption to the Company’s business. In addition, substantial costs may be incurred to remedy the damages caused by these disruptions. Following implementation of its new information technology systems, the Company may from time to time install new or upgraded business management systems. To the extent that a critical system fails or is not properly implemented and the failure cannot be corrected in a timely manner, the Company may experience disruptions to the business that could have a material adverse effect on the Company’s results of operations.

 

Changes in accounting standards issued by the Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) or other standard-setting bodies may adversely affect the Company’s consolidated financial statements.

 

The Company’s consolidated financial statements are subject to the application of GAAP, which is periodically revised and/or expanded. Accordingly, the Company is required to adopt new or revised accounting standards from time to time issued by recognized authoritative bodies, including the FASB. It is possible that future changes the Company is required to adopt could change the current accounting treatment that the Company applies to its consolidated financial statements and that such changes could have a material adverse effect on the Company’s results and financial condition. See “NoteNote 1 of Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements.

 

The Company’s disclosure controls and procedures may not prevent or detect all acts of fraud.

 

The Company’s disclosure controls and procedures are designed to reasonably assure that information required to be disclosed in reports filed or submitted under the Securities Exchange Act is accumulated and communicated to management and is recorded, processed, summarized and reported within the time periods specified in the SEC’s rules and forms. The Company’s management, including its Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, believe that any disclosure controls and procedures or internal controls and procedures, no matter how well conceived and operated, can provide only reasonable, not absolute, assurance that the objectives of the control system are met. Because of the inherent limitations in all control systems, they cannot provide absolute assurance that all control issues and instances of fraud, if any, within the Company have been prevented or detected. These inherent limitations include the realities that judgments in decision-making can be faulty, and that breakdowns can occur because of simple error or mistake. Additionally, controls can be circumvented by the individual acts of some persons, by collusion of two or more people, or by an unauthorized override of the controls. The design of any systems of controls also is based in part upon certain assumptions about the likelihood of future events, and the Company cannot assure that any design will succeed in achieving its stated goals under all potential

24


future conditions. Accordingly, because of the inherent limitations in a cost effective control system, misstatements due to error or fraud may occur and not be detected.

 

Failure to maintain an effective system of internal control over financial reporting may have an adverse effect on the Company’s stock price.

 

Section 404 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 and the related rules and regulations promulgated by the SEC require the Company to include in its Form 10-K a report by its management regarding the effectiveness of the Company’s internal control over financial reporting. The report includes, among other things, an assessment of the effectiveness of the Company’s internal control over financial reporting as of the end of its fiscal year, including a statement as to whether or not the Company’s internal control over financial reporting is effective. This assessment must include disclosure of any material weaknesses in the Company’s internal control over financial reporting identified by management. Areas of the Company’s internal control over financial reporting may require improvement from time to time. If management is unable to assert that the Company’s internal control over financial reporting is effective now or in any future period, or if the Company’s auditors are unable to express an

22


opinion on the effectiveness of those internal controls, investors may lose confidence in the accuracy and completeness of the Company’s financial reports, which could have an adverse effect on its stock price.

 

The ability of the Company to attract, develop and retain talented employees, managers and executives, and to maintain appropriate staffing levels, is critical to the Company’s success.

 

As the Company expands its operations, it must hire and train new employees, and retain current employees to handle the resulting increase in new inquiries, policies, customers and claims. The failure of the Company to successfully hire and retain a sufficient number of skilled employees could result in the Company having to slow the growth of its business in some jurisdictions. It could also affect the Company’s ability to develop and deploy information technology systems that are important to the success of the Company. In addition, the failure to adequately staff its claims and underwriting departments could result in decreased quality of the Company’s claims and underwriting operations.

 

The Company’s success also depends heavily upon the continued contributions of its executive officers, both individually and as a group. The Company’s future performance will be substantially dependent on its ability to retain and motivate its management team. The loss of the services of any of the Company’s executive officers could prevent the Company from successfully implementing its business strategy, which could have a material adverse effect on the Company’s business, financial condition and results of operations.

 

The insurance industry has been the target of litigation, and the Company faces litigation risks which, if decided adversely to the Company, could impact its financial results.

In recent years, insurance companies have been named as defendants in lawsuits including class actions, relating to pricing, sales practices and practices in claims handling, among other matters. A number of these lawsuits have resulted in substantial jury awards or settlements involving other insurers. Future litigation relating to these or other business practices may negatively affect the Company by requiring it to pay substantial awards or settlements, increasing the Company’s legal costs, diverting management attention from other business issues or harming the Company’s reputation with customers. Such litigation is inherently unpredictable.

 

The Company and its insurance subsidiaries are named as defendants in a number of lawsuits. These lawsuits are described more fully in “Item 3. Legal Proceedings.” Litigation, by its very nature, is unpredictable and the outcome of these cases is uncertain. The precise nature of the relief that may be sought or granted in any lawsuits is uncertain and may, if these lawsuits are determined adversely to the Company, negatively impact the manner in which the Company conducts its business and its results of operations, which could materially increase the Company’s costs and expenses.

 

In addition, potential litigation involving new claim, coverage and business practice issues could adversely affect the Company’s business by changing the way policies are priced, extending coverage beyond its underwriting intent or increasing the size of claims. The effects of these and other unforeseen emerging claim, coverage and business practice issues could negatively impact the Company’s financial condition, revenues or its methods of doing business.

 

25


The failure of any of the loss limitation methods employed by the Company could have a material adverse effect on its financial condition or results of operations.

 

Various provisions of the Company’s policies, such as limitations or exclusions from coverage which are intended to limit the Company’s risks, may not be enforceable in the manner the Company intends. In addition, the Company’s policies contain conditions requiring the prompt reporting of claims and the Company’s right to decline coverage in the event of a violation of that condition. While the Company’s insurance product exclusions and limitations reduce the Company’s loss exposure and help eliminate known exposures to certain risks, it is possible

23


that a court or regulatory authority could nullify or void an exclusion or legislation could be enacted modifying or barring the use of such endorsements and limitations in a way that would adversely effect the Company’s loss experience, which could have a material adverse effect on its financial condition or results of operations.

 

Risks Related to the Company’s Industry

 

The private passenger automobile insurance business is highly competitive, and the Company may not be able to compete effectively against larger, better-capitalized companies.

 

The Company competes with many property and casualty insurance companies selling private passenger automobile insurance in the states in which the Company operates, many of which are better capitalized than the Company and have higher A.M. Best ratings. The superior capitalization of many of the Company’s competitors may enable them to offer lower rates, to withstand larger losses, and to take advantage more effectively of new marketing opportunities. The Company’s competition may also become increasingly better capitalized in the future as the traditional barriers between insurance companies and banks and other financial institutions erode and as the property and casualty industry continues to consolidate. The Company’s ability to compete against these larger, better-capitalized competitors depends importantly on its ability to deliver superior service and its strong relationships with independent agents.

 

The Company may from time to time undertake strategic marketing and operating initiatives to improve its competitive position and drive growth. If the Company is unable to successfully implement new strategic initiatives or if the Company’s marketing campaigns do not attract new customers, the Company’s competitive position may be harmed, which could adversely affect the Company’s business and results of operations.

 

Additionally, in a highly competitive industry such as the automobile insurance industry, some of the Company’s competitors may fail from time to time. In the event of a failure of a major insurance company, the Company could be adversely affected, as the Company and other insurance companies would likely be required by state law to absorb the losses of the failed insurer, and as the Company would be faced with an unexpected surge in new business from the failed insurer’s former policyholders.

 

The Company may be adversely affected by changes in the personal automobile insurance business.

 

Approximately 84% of the Company’s direct written premiums for the year ended December 31, 20062007 were generated from personal automobile insurance policies. Adverse developments in the market for personal automobile insurance, or the personal automobile insurance industry in general, whether related to changes in competition, pricing or regulations, could cause the Company’s results of operations to suffer. This industry is also exposed to the risks of severe weather conditions, such as rainstorms, snowstorms, hail and ice storms, hurricanes, tornadoes, earthquakes and, to a lesser degree, explosions, terrorist attacks and riots. The automobile insurance business is also affected by cost trends that impact profitability. Factors which negatively affect cost trends include inflation in automobile repair costs, automobile parts costs, used car prices and medical care. Increased litigation of claims, particularly those involving allegations of bad faith or seeking extra contractual and punitive damages, may also adversely affect loss costs.

 

26


The insurance industry is subject to extensive regulation, which may affect the Company’s ability to execute its business plan and grow its business.

 

The Company is subject to comprehensive regulation and supervision by government agencies in each of the states in which its insurance subsidiaries is domiciled, as well as in the states where its insurance subsidiaries sell insurance products, issue policies and handle claims. Some states impose restrictions or require prior regulatory approval of specific corporate actions, which may adversely affect the Company’s ability to operate, innovate, obtain necessary rate adjustments in a timely manner or grow its business profitably. These regulations provide safeguards for policyholders and are not intended to protect the interests of shareholders. The Company’s ability to

24


comply with these laws and regulations, and to obtain necessary regulatory action in a timely manner, is and will continue to be critical to its success. Some of these regulations include:

 

Required Licensing.The Company operates under licenses issued by the Departments of Insurance in the states in which the Company sells insurance. If a regulatory authority denies or delays granting a new license, the Company’s ability to enter that market quickly or offer new insurance products in that market may be substantially impaired. Also, if the Department of Insurance in any state in which the Company currently operates suspends, non-renews, or revokes an existing license, the Company would not be able to offer affected products in the state.

 

Transactions Between Insurance Companies and Their Affiliates.Transactions between the Company’s insurance subsidiaries and their affiliates (including the Company) generally must be disclosed to state regulators, and prior approval of the applicable regulator generally is required before any material or extraordinary transaction may be consummated. State regulators may refuse to approve or delay approval of some transactions, which may adversely affect the Company’s ability to innovate or operate efficiently.

 

Regulation of Insurance Rates and Approval of Policy Forms.The insurance laws of most states in which the Company conducts business require insurance companies to file insurance rate schedules and insurance policy forms for review and approval. If, as permitted in some states, the Company begins using new rates before they are approved, it may be required to issue refunds or credits to the Company’s policyholders if the new rates are ultimately deemed excessive or unfair and disapproved by the applicable state regulator. Accordingly, the Company’s ability to respond to market developments or increased costs in that state can be adversely affected.

 

Restrictions on Cancellation, Non-Renewal or Withdrawal.Most of the states in which the Company operates have laws and regulations that limit its ability to exit a market. For example, these states may limit a private passenger auto insurer’s ability to cancel and non-renew policies or they may prohibit the Company from withdrawing one or more lines of insurance business from the state unless prior approval is received from the state insurance department. In some states, these regulations extend to significant reductions in the amount of insurance written, not just to a complete withdrawal. Laws and regulations that limit the Company’s ability to cancel and non-renew policies in some states or locations and that subject withdrawal plans to prior approval requirements may restrict the Company’s ability to exit unprofitable markets, which may harm its business and results of operations.

 

Other Regulations. The Company must also comply with regulations involving, among other things:

 

the use of non-public consumer information and related privacy issues;

 

the use of credit history in underwriting and rating;

 

limitations on the ability to charge policy fees;

 

limitations on types and amounts of investments;

 

the payment of dividends;

 

the acquisition or disposition of an insurance company or of any company controlling an insurance company;

 

27


involuntary assignments of high-risk policies, participation in reinsurance facilities and underwriting associations, assessments and other governmental charges;

 

reporting with respect to financial condition;

 

periodic financial and market conduct examinations performed by state insurance department examiners; and

 

the other regulations discussed in this Annual Report on Form 10-K.

 

25


Compliance with laws and regulations addressing these and other issues often will result in increased administrative costs. In addition, these laws and regulations may limit the Company’s ability to underwrite and price risks accurately, prevent it from obtaining timely rate increases necessary to cover increased costs and may restrict its ability to discontinue unprofitable relationships or exit unprofitable markets. These results, in turn, may adversely affect the Company’s profitability or its ability or desire to grow its business in certain jurisdictions, which could have an adverse effect on the market value of the Company’s common stock. The failure to comply with these laws and regulations may also result in actions by regulators, fines and penalties, and in extreme cases, revocation of the Company’s ability to do business in that jurisdiction. In addition, the Company may face individual and class action lawsuits by insureds and other parties for alleged violations of certain of these laws or regulations.

 

Regulation may become more extensive in the future, which may adversely affect the Company’s business and results of operations.

 

No assurance can be given that states will not make existing insurance-related laws and regulations more restrictive in the future or enact new restrictive laws. New or more restrictive regulation in any state in which the Company conducts business could make it more expensive for it to continue to conduct business in these states, restrict the premiums the Company is able to charge or otherwise change the way the Company does business. In such events, the Company may seek to reduce its writings in, or to withdraw entirely from, these states. In addition, from time to time, the United States Congress and certain federal agencies investigate the current condition of the insurance industry to determine whether federal regulation is necessary. The Company cannot predict whether and to what extent new laws and regulations that would affect its business will be adopted, the timing of any such adoption and what effects, if any, they may have on the Company’s operations, profitability and financial condition.

 

Assessments and other surcharges for guaranty funds, second-injury funds, catastrophe funds and other mandatory pooling arrangements may reduce the Company’s profitability.

 

Virtually all states require insurers licensed to do business in their state to bear a portion of the loss suffered by some insureds as the result of impaired or insolvent insurance companies. Many states also have laws that established second-injury funds to provide compensation to injured employees for aggravation of a prior condition or injury which are funded by either assessments based on paid losses or premium surcharge mechanisms. In addition, as a condition to the ability to conduct business in various states, the insurance subsidiaries must participate in mandatory property and casualty shared market mechanisms or pooling arrangements, which provide various types of insurance coverage to individuals or other entities that otherwise are unable to purchase that coverage from private insurers. The effect of these assessments and mandatory shared-market mechanisms or changes in them could reduce the Company’s profitability in any given period or limit its ability to grow its business.

 

Loss or significant restriction of the use of credit scoring in the pricing and underwriting of personal lines products could reduce the Company’s future profitability.

 

The Company uses credit scoring as a factor in pricing decisions where allowed by state law. Some consumer groups and regulators have questioned whether the use of credit scoring unfairly discriminates against people with low incomes, minority groups and the elderly and are calling for the prohibition or restriction on the use of credit scoring in underwriting and pricing. Laws or regulations that significantly curtail the use of credit scoring, if enacted in a large number of states, could reduce the Company’s future profitability.

 

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Risks Related to the Company’s Stock

 

The Company is controlled by a few large shareholders who will be able to exert significant influence over matters requiring shareholder approval, including change of control transactions.

 

George Joseph and Gloria Joseph collectively own more than 50% of the Company’s common stock. Accordingly, George Joseph and Gloria Joseph have the ability to exert significant influence on the actions the

26


Company may take in the future, including change of control transactions. This concentration of ownership may conflict with the interests of the Company’s other shareholders and the holders of its debt securities.

 

Future sales of common stock may affect the market price of the Company’s common stock and the future exercise of options and warrants will result in dilution to the Company’s shareholders.

 

The Company may raise capital in the future through the issuance and sale of shares of its common stock. The Company cannot predict what effect, if any, such future sales will have on the market price of its common stock. Sales of substantial amounts of its common stock in the public market could adversely affect the market price of the Company’s outstanding common stock, and may make it more difficult for shareholders to sell common stock at a time and price that the shareholder deems appropriate. In addition, the Company has issued options to purchase shares of its common stock. In the event that any options to purchase common stock are exercised, shareholders will suffer dilution in their investment.

 

Applicable insurance laws may make it difficult to effect a change of control of the Company or the sale of any of its insurance subsidiaries.

 

Before a person can acquire control of a U.S. insurance company or any holding company of a U.S. insurance company, prior written approval must be obtained from the DOI of the state where the insurer is domiciled. Prior to granting approval of an application to acquire control of the insurer or holding company, the state DOI will consider a number of factors relating to the acquiror and the transaction. These laws and regulations may discourage potential acquisition proposals and may delay, deter or prevent a change of control of the Company or the sale by the Company of any of its insurance subsidiaries, including transactions that some or all of the Company’s shareholders might consider to be desirable.

 

Although the Company has consistently paid cash dividends in the past, it may not be able to pay cash dividends in the future.

 

The Company has paid cash dividends on a consistent basis since the public offering of its common stock in November 1985. However, future cash dividends will depend upon a variety of factors, including the ability of the insurance subsidiaries to make distributions to the Company, which may be restricted by financial, regulatory or tax constraints. Also, there can be no assurance that the Company will continue to pay dividends even if the necessary financial and regulatory conditions are met and if sufficient cash is available for distribution.

 

Item 1B.Unresolved Staff Comments

 

None

 

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Item 2.Properties

 

The Company owns the following buildings:

 

Location

  

Purpose

  

Size in

square feet

  

Percent occupied
by Company at

December 31,2006

   

Purpose

  Size in
square feet
  Percent occupied
by Company at

December 31, 2007
 

Brea, CA

  Home office and computer facilities — (2 buildings)  234,000  100%  Home office and computer facilities (2 buildings)  234,000  100%

Los Angeles, CA

  Executive offices  38,000  95%  Executive offices  38,000  95%

Rancho Cucamonga, CA

  Administrative  130,000  100%  Administrative  130,000  100%

St. Petersburg, FL

  Administrative  157,000  79%  Administrative  157,000  79%

Oklahoma City, OK

  Administrative  100,000  87%  Administrative  100,000  87%

 

The remaining space owned by the Company is leased to independent tenants.

27


In October 2007, the Company agreed to acquire an 88,300 square foot office building in Folsom, California for approximately $18.4 million, which is expected to close on February 29, 2008.

 

The Company leases all of its other office space used for operations. Office location is not crucial to the Company’s operations, and the Company anticipates no difficulty in extending these leases or obtaining comparable office space.

 

Item 3.Legal Proceedings

 

The Company is, from time to time, named as a defendant in various lawsuits incidental to its insurance business. In most of these actions, plaintiffs assert claims for punitive damages, which are not insurable under judicial decisions. The Company has established reserves for lawsuits in cases where the Company is able to estimate its potential exposure and it is probable that the court will rule against the Company. The Company vigorously defends actions against it, unless a reasonable settlement appears appropriate. An unfavorable ruling against the Company in the actions currently pending may have a material impact on the Company’s results of operations in the period of such ruling, however, it is not expected to be material to the Company’s financial condition.

Sam Donabedian, individually and on behalf of those similarly situated v. Mercury Insurance Company, et al., was originally filed on April 20, 2001 in the Los Angeles Superior Court, asserting, among other things, For a claim that the Company’s calculation of persistency discounts to determine premiums is an unfair business practice, a violationdetailed description of the California Consumer Legal Remedies Act (“CLRA”) and a breachpending lawsuits, see Note 10 of the covenant of good faith and fair dealing. The Company originally prevailed on a DemurrerNotes to the Complaint and the case was dismissed; however, the California Court of Appeal reversed the trial court’s ruling, deciding that the California Insurance Commissioner does not have the exclusive right to review the calculation of insurance rates/premiums. After filing two additional pleadings, on June 28, 2005, the Plaintiff filed a Fourth Amended Complaint asserting claims for violation of California Business & Professions Code Section 17200 and breach of the covenant of good faith and fair dealing (the CLRA claim previously had been dismissed with prejudice). Plaintiff again sought injunctive relief, unspecified restitution and monetary damages as well as punitive damages and attorneys’ fees and costs. Without leave of court, the Plaintiff also attempted to state claims for breach of contract and fraud. The Company filed a Demurrer and Motion to Strike certain portions of the Plaintiff’s Fourth Amended Complaint. Following a hearing on September 19, 2005, the Court took the matter under submission. While the motions were under submission, counsel for the Plaintiff asked Mercury to engage in settlement discussions. The Court agreed to stay the matter and counsel for the Plaintiff and the Company met on several occasions to seek resolution, but none was reached.

Additionally, over the Company’s objection, on May 9, 2005, the trial court permitted The Foundation for Taxpayer and Consumer Rights (“FTCR”) to file a Complaint in Intervention to allege that the Company’s calculation of persistency discounts constitutes a violation of insurance Code Section 1861.02(a) and (c). Following a rulingConsolidated Financial Statements-Litigation, which information is incorporated herein by the Court of Appeal in another case which found that there is no private right of action to allege violations of Section 1861.02, the Company brought a motion for judgment on the pleadings to have FTCR’s Complaint in Intervention dismissed. That motion was heard on April 28, 2006. Subsequent to the hearing, FTCR filed an

30


amended complaint in intervention, and Mercury again filed a motion for judgment on the pleadings, which the Court denied at a hearing on July 31, 2006. In view of the then on-going settlement discussions with the Plaintiff, the Company did not seek further appellate review of the Court’s ruling, but is now contemplating whether to challenge FTCR’s participation in the case since the class settlement was not approved.

During the fall of 2005, counsel for the Plaintiff and the Company met on several occasions in an effort to resolve the case. FTCR was not invited to participate in these discussions. When Plaintiff and the Company were not able to reach a resolution, the Court ordered the parties to a settlement conference before another judge. On August 1, 2006, following three settlement conferences, the Company and the Plaintiff reached a preliminary settlement which was subject to completion of the class approval process and was also subject to objections and review by the Court. Prior to the hearing scheduled for October 30, 2006, the FTCR filed objections to the proposed settlement. Also, shortly before the hearing, the California DOI filed a letter with the Court contending that the terms of the settlement, which provided for a coupon to class members to be used toward the purchase of “new,” not renewal business, constituted a “discount” of insurance rates and thus would be subject to the California DOI’s approval. Following several delays and further briefing by the parties, at a hearing on February 5, 2007, the Court declined to give preliminary approval to the proposed settlement. Accordingly, upon the Company’s request, the tentative ruling on the Company’s demurrer and motion to strike was unsealed. The Court sustained the Company’s demurrer to all but the Section 17200 claim, as well as a claim for alleged violation of Insurance Code Section 1861.02 which Plaintiff’s counsel now has indicated will be voluntarily dismissed. The Court also granted the Company’s request to strike the punitive damage claim. It is expected that the Court will establish a schedule for discovery and briefing on the issue of administrative estoppel (that is whether the Company’s conduct was protected and/or reasonable since the persistency discount was part of a rate filing plan approved by the California DOI). The parties have agreed to litigate this issue first.

While the ultimate outcome of this case cannot be anticipated at this time, the Company will continue to vigorously defend this case.

InMarissa Goodman, on her own behalf and on behalf of all others similarly situated v. Mercury Insurance Company (Los Angeles Superior Court), filed June 16, 2002, the Plaintiff is challenging the Company’s use of certain automated database vendors to assist in valuing claims for medical payments. The Plaintiff filed a motion seeking class action certification to include all of the Company’s insureds from 1998 to the present who presented a medical payments claim, had the claim reduced using the computer program and whose claim did not reach the policy limits for medical payments. On January 11, 2007, the Court certified the requested class and scheduled a case management conference to discuss notifying class members. The Plaintiff alleges that these automated databases systematically undervalue medical payment claims to the detriment of insureds. The Plaintiff is seeking unspecified actual and punitive damages. Similar lawsuits have been filed against other insurance carriers in the industry. The case has been coordinated with two other similar cases, and also with ten other cases relating to total loss claims. The Court denied the Company’s Motion for Summary Judgment holding that there is an issue of fact as to whether Ms. Goodman sustained any damages as a result of the Company’s handling of her medical payments claim. The original trial date has been vacated by the Court and not rescheduled. The Company is not able to evaluate the likelihood of an unfavorable outcome or to estimate a range of potential loss in the event of an unfavorable outcome at the present time. The Company intends to vigorously defend this lawsuit jointly with the other defendants in the coordinated proceedings.

Robert Dolan, et al. v. Mercury Insurance Company, et al., is a collective action claim filed in April of 2006, in the United States District Court for the Middle District of Florida. The plaintiffs, former automobile policy field adjusters, claim that they and the members of the class they seek to represent were denied overtime compensation in violation of the federal Fair Labor Standards Act. The plaintiffs are seeking certification of a nationwide class of field adjusters for a period of three years preceding the filing of the action, and recovery of allegedly unpaid overtime compensation, liquidated damages, and attorneys’ fees and costs. The Court has granted conditional certification for notice purposes. In February 2007, the Company and the Plaintiff reached a preliminary settlement which is subject to review and approval by the Court. The ultimate outcome of this case cannot be anticipated at

31


this time and the Company cannot determine if the settlement will be approved by the Court or the potential impact of the settlement or the case, if the settlement is not approved, on the Company’s financial results.reference.

 

The Company is also involved in proceedings relating to assessments and rulings made by the California Franchise Tax Board. See “Item 7. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Conditions and Results of Operations – General,” and “NoteNote 6 of Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements.”Statements, which information is incorporated herein by reference.

 

Item 4.Submission of Matters to a Vote of Security Holders

 

No matters were submitted to a vote of security holders by the Company during the fourth quarter of the fiscal year covered by this report.

 

PART II

 

Item 5.Market for the Registrant’s Common Equity, Related Security HolderStockholder Matters and Issuer PurchasePurchases of Equity Securities

 

Price Range of Common Stock

 

The Company’s common stock is traded on the New York Stock Exchange (symbol: MCY). The following table shows the high and low sales prices per share in each quarter during the past two years as reported in the consolidated transaction reporting system.

 

  High  Low

2005

    

1st Quarter

  $60.00  $51.80

2nd Quarter

  $55.58  $51.16

3rd Quarter

  $60.45  $53.50

4th Quarter

  $60.45  $56.87
  High  Low  High  Low

2006

        

1st Quarter

  $59.90  $53.72  $59.90  $53.72

2nd Quarter

  $58.89  $52.44  $58.89  $52.44

3rd Quarter

  $56.61  $48.75  $56.61  $48.75

4th Quarter

  $56.53  $49.28  $56.53  $49.28
  High  Low

2007

    

1st Quarter

  $54.94  $50.48

2nd Quarter

  $59.06  $52.78

3rd Quarter

  $58.48  $50.57

4th Quarter

  $56.30  $48.76

 

The closing price of the Company’s common stock on February 15, 20072008 was $54.46.$46.79.

 

3228


Dividends

Since the public offering of its common stock in November 1985, the Company has paid regular quarterly dividends on its common stock. During 2007 and 2006, the Company paid dividends on its common stock of $2.08 per share and $1.92 per share, respectively. On February 8, 2008, the Board of Directors declared a $0.58 quarterly dividend payable on March 27, 2008 to shareholders of record on March 17, 2008.

The common stock dividend rate has increased at least once each year since dividends were initiated in January 1986. For financial statement purposes, the Company records dividends on the declaration date. The Company expects to continue the payment of quarterly dividends; however, the continued payment and amount of cash dividends will depend upon, among other factors, the Company’s operating results, overall financial condition, capital requirements and general business conditions.

For a discussion of certain restrictions on the payment of dividends to Mercury General by some of its insurance subsidiaries, see “Item 1. Business-Regulation-Holding Company Act” and Note 8 of Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements.

Shareholders of Record

The approximate number of holders of record of the Company’s common stock as of February 15, 2008 was 167.

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Performance Graph

 

The graph below compares the cumulative total shareholder return on the shares of Common Stock of the Company (MCY) for the last five years with the cumulative total return on the Standard and Poor’s 500 Index and a peer group comprised of selected property and casualty insurance companies over the same period (assuming the investment of $100 in the Company’s Common Stock, the S&P 500 Index and the peer group at the closing price on December 31, 20012002 and the reinvestment of all dividends).

 

 

  2001  2002  2003  2004  2005  2006  2002  2003  2004  2005  2006  2007

Mercury General Corporation

  $100.00  $88.50  $113.11  $149.72  $149.92  $140.77  $100.00  $127.80  $169.16  $169.39  $159.05  $156.24

Peer Group

   100.00   93.71   114.11   124.40   136.71   153.33   100.00   121.41   132.74   145.51   170.52   179.85

S&P 500 Composite Index

   100.00   77.90   100.25   111.15   116.61   135.03   100.00   128.68   142.69   149.70   173.34   182.87

 

The peer group consists of Ace Limited, Alleghany Corp,Corporation, Allstate Corporation, American Financial Group, Berkley W.R., Berkshire Hathaway, Chubb Corporation, Cincinnati Financial Corporation, CNA Financial Chubb Corp, Cincinnati Financial, Everest Re Group, Ltd.,Corporation, Erie Indemnity Company, Hanover Insurance Group, HCC Insurance Holdings, Markel Corporation, Ohio Casualty, Old Republic International, PMI Group, Inc., Partner Re, Ltd., Progressive Corp,Corporation, RLI Corporation, Safeco Corp, St. Paul Travelers,Corporation, Selective Insurance TransAtlantic Holdings, 21st Century InsuranceGroup, Travelers Companies, Inc., W.R. Berkley Corporation and XL Capital, Ltd.

 

Dividends

Since the public offering of its common stock in November 1985, the Company has paid regular quarterly dividends on its common stock. During 2006 and 2005, the Company paid dividends on its common stock of $1.92 per share and $1.72 per share, respectively. On February 2, 2007, the Board of Directors declared a $0.52 quarterly dividend payable on March 29, 2007 to shareholders of record on March 15, 2007.

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The common stock dividend rate has increased at least once each year since dividends were initiated in January, 1986. For financial statement purposes, the Company records dividends on the declaration date. The Company expects to continue the payment of quarterly dividends; however, the continued payment and amount of cash dividends will depend upon, among other factors, the Company’s operating results, overall financial condition, capital requirements and general business conditions.

Item 6.Selected Financial Data

 

As a holding company, Mercury General is largely dependent upon dividends from its subsidiaries to pay dividends to its shareholders. These subsidiaries are subject to state laws that restrict their ability to distribute dividends. For example, California state laws permit a casualty insurance company to pay dividends and advances within any 12-month period, without any prior regulatory approval, in an amount up to the greater of 10% of statutory earned surplus at the preceding December 31, or statutory net income for the calendar year preceding the date the dividend is paid. Under the state restrictions, the direct insurance subsidiaries of the Company may pay dividends to Mercury General during 2007 of up to approximately $247 million without prior regulatory approval. See “Item 1. Business—Regulation—Holding Company Act,” and “Note 8 of Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements.”

   Year Ended December 31,
   2007  2006  2005  2004  2003
   (Amounts in thousands, except per share data)

Income Data:

          

Earned premiums

  $2,993,877  $2,997,023  $2,847,733  $2,528,636  $2,145,047

Net investment income

   158,911   151,099   122,582   109,681   104,520

Net realized investment gains

   20,808   15,436   16,160   25,065   11,207

Other

   5,154   5,185   5,438   4,775   4,743
                    

Total revenues

   3,178,750   3,168,743   2,991,913   2,668,157   2,265,517
                    

Losses and loss adjustment expenses

   2,036,644   2,021,646   1,862,936   1,582,254   1,452,051

Policy acquisition costs

   659,671   648,945   618,915   562,553   473,314

Other operating expenses

   158,810   176,563   150,201   111,285   91,295

Interest

   8,589   9,180   7,222   4,222   3,056
                    

Total expenses

   2,863,714   2,856,334   2,639,274   2,260,314   2,019,716
                    

Income before income taxes

   315,036   312,409   352,639   407,843   245,801

Income tax expense

   77,204   97,592   99,380   121,635   61,480
                    

Net income

  $237,832  $214,817  $253,259  $286,208  $184,321
                    

Per Share Data:

          

Basic earnings per share

  $4.35  $3.93  $4.64  $5.25  $3.39
                    

Diluted earnings per share

  $4.34  $3.92  $4.63  $5.24  $3.38
                    

Dividends paid

  $2.08  $1.92  $1.72  $1.48  $1.32
                    
   December 31,
   2007  2006  2005  2004  2003
   (Amounts in thousands, except per share data)

Balance Sheet Data:

          

Total investments

  $3,588,675  $3,499,738  $3,242,712  $2,921,042  $2,539,514

Total assets

   4,414,496   4,301,062   4,050,868   3,622,949   3,167,839

Losses and loss adjustment expenses

   1,103,915   1,088,822   1,022,603   900,744   797,927

Unearned premiums

   938,370   950,344   902,567   799,679   681,745

Notes payable

   138,562   141,554   143,540   137,024   139,489

Shareholders’ equity

   1,861,998   1,724,130   1,607,837   1,459,548   1,255,503

Book value per share

   34.02   31.54   29.44   26.77   23.07

 

Shareholders of Record

The approximate number of holders of record of the Company’s common stock as of February 15, 2007 was 182.

Item 6.    Selected Financial Data

   Year Ended December 31, 
   2006  2005  2004  2003  2002 
   (Amounts in thousands, except per share data) 

Income Data:

          

Earned premiums

  $2,997,023  $2,847,733  $2,528,636  $2,145,047  $1,741,527 

Net investment income

   151,099   122,582   109,681   104,520   113,083 

Net realized investment gains (losses)

   15,436   16,160   25,065   11,207   (70,412)

Other

   5,185   5,438   4,775   4,743   2,073 
                     

Total revenues

   3,168,743   2,991,913   2,668,157   2,265,517   1,786,271 
                     

Losses and loss adjustment expenses

   2,021,646   1,862,936   1,582,254   1,452,051   1,268,243 

Policy acquisition costs

   648,945   618,915   562,553   473,314   378,385 

Other operating expenses

   176,563   150,201   111,285   91,295   74,875 

Interest

   9,180   7,222   4,222   3,056   4,100 
                     

Total expenses

   2,856,334   2,639,274   2,260,314   2,019,716   1,725,603 
                     

Income before income taxes

   312,409   352,639   407,843   245,801   60,668 

Income tax expense (benefit)

   97,592   99,380   121,635   61,480   (5,437)
                     

Net income

  $214,817  $253,259  $286,208  $184,321  $66,105 
                     

Per Share Data:

          

Basic earnings per share

  $3.93  $4.64  $5.25  $3.39  $1.22 
                     

Diluted earnings per share

  $3.92  $4.63  $5.24  $3.38  $1.21 
                     

Dividends paid

  $1.92  $1.72  $1.48  $1.32  $1.20 
                     

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   December 31, 
   2006  2005  2004  2003  2002 
   (Amounts in thousands, except per share data) 

Balance Sheet Data:

          

Total investments

  $3,499,738  $3,242,712  $2,921,042  $2,539,514  $2,150,658 

Premiums receivable

   298,772   284,783   270,042   231,277   186,446 

Total assets

   4,301,062   4,050,868   3,622,949   3,167,839   2,742,281 

Losses and loss adjustment expenses

   1,088,822   1,022,603   900,744   797,927   679,271 

Unearned premiums

   950,344   902,567   799,679   681,745   560,649 

Notes payable

   141,554   143,540   137,024   139,489   147,794 

Deferred income tax liability (asset)

   33,608   37,456   30,606   17,808   (17,004)

Shareholders’ equity

   1,724,130   1,607,837   1,459,548   1,255,503   1,098,786 

Book value per share

   31.54   29.44   26.77   23.07   20.21 

Item 7.    Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations

Item 7.Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations

 

Overview

 

Mercury General CorporationThe operating results of property and its subsidiaries (collectively,casualty insurance companies are subject to significant quarter-to-quarter and year-to-year fluctuations due to the “Company”)effect of competition on pricing, the frequency and severity of losses, including the effect of natural disasters on losses, general economic conditions, the general regulatory environment in those states in which an insurer operates, state regulation of premium rates and other factors such as changes in tax laws.

The Company is headquartered in Los Angeles, California and operates primarily as a personal automobile insurer selling policies through a network of independent agents and brokers in thirteen states. The Company also offers homeowners insurance, mechanical breakdown insurance, commercial and dwelling fire insurance, umbrella insurance, commercial automobile and commercial property insurance. Private passenger automobile lines of

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insurance accounted for approximately 84% of the $3 billion of the Company’s direct premiums written in 2006,2007, with approximately 75%79% of the private passenger automobile premiums written in California. The Company operates primarily in the state of California, the only state in which it operated prior to 1990. The Company has since expanded its operations into the following states: Georgia and Illinois (1990), Oklahoma and Texas (1996), Florida (1998), Virginia and New York (2001), New Jersey (2003), and Arizona, Pennsylvania, Michigan and Nevada (2004).

 

This overview discusses some of the relevant factors that management considers in evaluating the Company’s performance, prospects and risks. It is not all-inclusive and is meant to be read in conjunction with the entirety of management’s discussion and analysis, the Company’s consolidated financial statements and notes thereto and all other items contained within this Annual Report on Form 10-K.

 

Economic and Industry Wide Factors

 

Regulatory uncertainty—Uncertainty—The insurance industry is subject to strict state regulation and oversight and is governed by the laws of each state in which each insurance company operates. State regulators generally have substantial power and authority over insurance companies including, in some states, approving rate changes and rating factors and establishing minimum capital and surplus requirements. In many states, insurance commissioners may emphasize different agendas or interpret existing regulations differently than previous commissioners. The Company has a successful track record of working with difficult regulations and new insurance commissioners. However, there is no certainty that current or future regulations and the interpretation of those regulations by insurance commissioners and the courts will not have an adverse impact on the Company.

 

Cost uncertainty—Uncertainty—Because insurance companies pay claims after premiums are collected, the ultimate cost of an insurance policy is not known until well after the policy revenues are earned. Consequently, significant assumptions are made when establishing insurance rates and loss reserves. While insurance companies use sophisticated models and experienced actuaries to assist in setting rates and establishing loss reserves, there can be no assurance that current rates or current reserve estimates will be adequate. Furthermore, there can be no assurance that insurance regulators will approve rate increases when the Company’s actuarial analysis shows that they are needed.

 

Inflation—The largest cost component for automobile insurers areis losses, which include medical costs, replacement automobile parts and labor repair costs. There has recently beencan be significant variation in the overall increases in medical cost inflation and it is often a year or more after the respective fiscal period ends before sufficient claims have closed for the inflation rate to be known with a reasonable degree of certainty. Therefore, it can be difficult to establish reserves and set premium rates, particularly when actual inflation rates may be higher or lower than anticipated. The Company currently estimates low to mid single digit inflation rates on bodily injury coverages for its major California personal automobile lines for the 2007 accident year. The inflation rate for this accident year is the most difficult to estimate because there remain many open claims. Should actual inflation be higher, the Company could be under-reserved for its losses and profit margins would be lower.

35


ends before sufficient claims have closed for the inflation rate to be known with a reasonable degree of certainty. Therefore, it can be difficult to establish reserves and set premium rates, particularly when actual inflation rates are higher or lower than anticipated. The Company currently estimates low to mid single digit inflation rates on bodily injury coverages for its major California personal automobile lines for the 2006 accident year. The inflation rate for this accident year is the most difficult to estimate because there remain many open claims. Should actual inflation be higher, the Company could be under-reserved for its losses and profit margins would be lower.

 

Loss Frequency—Another component of overall loss costs is loss frequency, which is the number of claims per risks insured. There has been a long-term trend of declining loss frequency in the personal automobile insurance industry, followed by relatively flat loss frequency in more recent years, which has benefited the industry as a whole. However, itIt is unknown if loss frequency in the future will continue to decline, remain flat or increase.

 

Underwriting Cycle and Competition—The property and casualty insurance industry is highly cyclical, with periods of rising premium rates and shortages of underwriting capacity (“a hard market”)market condition followed by periods of substantial price competition and excess capacity (“a soft market”).market. The Company has historically seen premium growth in excess of 20% during hard markets, whereas premiummarkets. Premium growth rates duringin soft markets have historically been in the single digits. Many of the Company’s major competitors reported very good operating resultsdigits and in 2007 they were negative 2%. In management’s view, 2004 through 2006. This typically signals2007 was a softeningperiod of very profitable results for companies underwriting automobile insurance. Many in the market,industry began experiencing declining profitability in 2007 and consequently,have initiated plans to increase rates. Consequently, the Company experienced a declineexpects that the market will begin to transition from soft to hard in the rate of premium growth during 2006.2008.

 

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Revenues, Income and Cash Generation

 

The Company generates its revenues through the sale of insurance policies, primarily covering personal automobiles and homeowners. These policies are sold through independent agents and brokers who receive a commission on average of 17% of net premiums written for selling and servicing the policies.

During 2007, the Company continued its marketing efforts for name recognition and lead generation. The Company believes that its marketing efforts, combined with its ability to maintain relatively low prices and a strong reputation make the Company very competitive in California and in other states. During 2007, the Company incurred approximately $28 million in advertising expenses.

 

The Company believes that it has a thorough underwriting process that gives the Company an advantage over its competitors. The Company views its agent relationships and underwriting process as one of its primary competitive advantages because it allows the Company to charge lower prices yet realize better margins than many of its competitors.

 

The Company also generates revenue from its investment portfolio, which was approximately $3.5$3.6 billion at the end of 2006.2007. This investment portfolio generated approximately $151$159 million in pre-tax investment income during 2006.2007. The portfolio is managed by Company personnel with a view towards maximizing after-tax yields and limiting interest rate and credit risk.

 

The Company’s operating results and growth have allowed it to consistently generate positive cash flow from operations, which was approximately $362$222 million in 2006.2007. The Company’s cash flow from operations has exceeded $100 million every year since 1994 and has been positive for over 20 years. Cash flow from operations has been used to pay shareholder dividends and to help support growth.

 

Opportunities, Challenges and Risks

 

The Company currently underwrites personal automobile insurance in thirteen states: Arizona, California, Florida, Georgia, Illinois, Michigan, Nevada, New Jersey, New York, Oklahoma, Pennsylvania, Texas and Virginia. The Company expects to continue its growth by expanding into new states in future years with the objective of achieving greater geographic diversification, so that non-California premiums eventually account for as much as half of the Company’s total premiums.

 

There are, however, challenges and risks involved in entering each new state, including establishing adequate rates without any operating history in the state, working with a new regulatory regime, hiring and training competent personnel, building adequate systems and finding qualified agents to represent the Company. The

36


Company does not expect to enter into any new states until its NextGen computer system is successfully implemented inafter the majorityend of its existing states, which is expected to occur in 2008. See “Technology.”

 

The Company is also subject to risks inherent in its business, which include but are not limited to the following (See also “Item 1A. Risk Factors”Factors.”):

 

A catastrophe, such as a major wildfire, earthquake or hurricane, cancould cause a significant amount of loss to the Company in a very short period of time.

 

A major regulatory change could make it more difficult for the Company to generate new business or reduce the profitability of the Company’s existing business.

 

A sharp upward increase in market interest rates or a downturn in securities markets could cause a significant loss in the value of the Company’s investment portfolio.

 

To the extent it is within the Company’s control, the Company seeks to manage these risks in order to mitigate the effect that major events would have on the Company’s financial position.

 

33


Technology

 

The Company is currently implementing a Next Generation (“NextGen”)its NextGen computer system to replace its existing underwriting, billings, claims and commissions legacy systems that currently reside on Hewlett Packard 3000 mainframe computers. The NextGen system is designed to be a multi-state, multi-line system that is expected to enable the Company to enter new states more rapidly, as well as respond to legislative and regulatory changes more easily than the Company’s current systems. The NextGen system is initially being deployed for the personal automobile line of business and has been successfully implemented in Virginia, New York, Florida, and Florida.California. The Company expects to implement NextGen in California in 2007Georgia, Illinois, and the majority of its other statesTexas by the end of 2008.

 

DuringIn 2006, the Company embarked on another major information technology project, Internet Business Strategy (“IBS”). IBS is mainly comprised of three key areas: Agent Facing Applications, Service Oriented Architecture, and Customer Facing Applications. IBS will provide the Company’s agents and brokers with an improved ability to access documents and forms and to perform transactions relevant to writing and maintaining their book of business through the Mercury First Agent Portal, a single entry point to the Company’s suite of agency applications. For customers and potential customers, IBS will provide the ability to obtain a quote and offer self-services such as paying bills and reporting claims through the internet. The Service Oriented Architecture willis expected to allow for rapid changes and enhancements to the system to accommodate future business needs. IBS is planned to be rolled out byin phases starting in late 2007.the first quarter of 2008. The Company expects to complete the rollout by the end of 2008.

 

NextGen and IBS are expected to play a key role in the Company’s future success. As with any large scale technology implementation, risks associated with system implementation exist that could significantly impact the operations of the Company and increase the expected costs of the project. Management has expended planning and development efforts to mitigate these risks.

 

General

The operating results of propertyRegulatory and casualty insurance companies are subject to significant fluctuations from quarter-to-quarter and from year-to-year due to the effect of competition on pricing, the frequency and severity of losses, including the effect of natural disasters on losses, general economic conditions, the general regulatory environment in those states in which an insurer operates, state regulation of premium rates and other factors such as changes in tax laws. The property and casualty industry has been highly cyclical, with periods of high premium rates and shortages of underwriting capacity followed by periods of severe price competition and excess capacity. These cycles can have a large impact on the ability of the Company to grow and retain business. In

37


management’s view, 2004 through 2006 were periods of very good results for companies underwriting automobile insurance. As a result, the automobile insurance market is extremely competitive.

The Company operates primarily in the state of California, the only state in which it operated prior to 1990. The Company has since expanded its operations into the following states: Georgia and Illinois (1990), Oklahoma and Texas (1996), Florida (1998), Virginia and New York (2001), New Jersey (2003), Arizona, Pennsylvania, Michigan and Nevada (2004).

During 2006, approximately 74% of the Company’s total net premiums written were derived from California as compared to 72% in 2005. The increase was the result of a decline in the volume of business written outside of California and an increase in the volume written within California. The Company has established a diversification goal to produce half of its business outside of California. There are factors, some of which are outside of the Company’s control, that could prevent the Company from achieving this goal.

Effective July 2006, Concord Insurance Services, Inc. (“Concord”), a wholly-owned subsidiary of the Company, engaged in agency operations in Texas, sold the renewal and servicing rights of the business it serviced for Mercury County Mutual Insurance Company (“MCM”), a mutual insurance company controlled by the Company. Subsequent to the sale transaction, Concord’s purchasers continue to write premiums through MCM using the Company’s policy forms, and the premiums will continue to be reported in the Company’s consolidated financial statements. As a result of the sale, the Company recognized a goodwill impairment loss of approximately $3 million during the quarter ended June 30, 2006. This impairment charge is included in other operating expenses in the consolidated financial statements.Legal Matters

 

The process for implementing rate changes varies by state, with California, Georgia, New York, New Jersey, Pennsylvania and Nevada requiring prior approval from the DOI before a rate may be implemented. Illinois, Texas, Virginia, Arizona and Michigan only require that rates be filed with the DOI, while Oklahoma and Florida have a modified version of prior approval laws. In all states, the insurance code provides that rates must not be excessive, inadequate or unfairly discriminatory. During 2006,2007, the Company had no rate increaseschanges in California. In states outside of California, andthe Company implemented automobile rate increases in onlytwo states, automobile rate decreases in four states, and homeowners rate decreases in one of the twelve non-California states.

During 2006, the Company continued its marketing efforts for name recognition and lead generation. The Company believes that its marketing efforts, combined with its ability to maintain relatively low prices and a strong reputation make the Company very competitive in California and in other states. During 2006, the Company incurred approximately $33 million in advertising expenses.state during 2007.

 

The California DOI uses rating factor regulations requiring automobile insurance rates to be determined in decreasing order of importance by (1) driving safety record, (2) miles driven per year, (3) years of driving experience and (4) other factors as determined by the California DOI to have a substantial relationship to the risk of loss and adopted by regulation.

 

On July 14, 2006, the California Office of Administrative Law approved proposed regulations by the California DOI that effectively reduce the weight that insurers can place on a person’s residence when establishing automobile insurance rates. Insurance companies in California are now required to file rating plans with the California DOI that comply with the new regulations. There is a two year phase-in period for insurers to fully implement those plans. As such, theThe Company made a rate filing in August 2006 that reduced the territorial impact of its rates and requested a small overall rate increase. The California DOI approved the August 2006 filing in January 2008, which resulted in a small rate increase for two of the California Companies and a small decrease for the third, for a total net reduction of approximately 2.5%. Additional rate filings will be required during the two year phase-in period. The DOI has not yet approvedperiod to fully comply with the August 2006 filing, nor is there any assurance that it will.new regulations. In general, the Company expects that the regulations will cause rates for urban drivers to decrease and those for non-urban drivers to increase. These rate changes are likely to increase consumer shopping for insurance which could affect the volume and the retention rates of the Company’s business. It is the Company’s intention to maintain its competitive position in the marketplace while complying with the new regulations.

 

3834


OnIn April 3, 2007, new regulations governing the approval of property and casualty insurance rates will becomebecame effective in California. These regulationsthat generally tighten the existing Proposition 103 prior approval ratemaking regime primarily by establishing a maximum allowable rate of return of currently just below 11 percent (the average of short, intermediate and long-term T-bill rates, plus 6 percent) and a minimum allowable rate of return of negative 6 percent of surplus. However, the practical impact of these limitations is unclear because the California DOI has yet to promulgate input values for surplus standards by line, efficiency standards, and reserve ratios. In addition, the new regulations allow for the California DOI to grant a number of variances based on service, loss prevention, business mix, service to underserved communities, and other factors. In October 2007, the California DOI invited comments from consumer groups and the insurance industry in an effort to set appropriate standards for granting or denying specific variances and to provide sufficient instruction regarding what information or data to submit when an insurer is applying for a specific variance. The comment period ended on November 16, 2007. After review of submitted comments, the California DOI expects to hold an informal workshop to discuss possible amendments to the regulations. The California DOI has not yet scheduled the workshop. In addition, the Company is aware that other companies are challenging the regulation at the administrative level. The Company anticipatesis monitoring the new regulations will be challenged in the courts either before their effective date or with their first application.progress of those challenges.

 

OnIn January 31, 2006, the Florida Financial Services Commission approved new regulations requiringthat would require insurers to submit information to the Florida Office of Insurance Regulation (“OIR”) regarding the use of credit reports and credit scores in establishing rules, rates or underwriting guidelines. Under the regulations, any insurer that uses credit scores or credit reports in filing a new rule, rate or underwriting guideline will be required to provide information sufficient to demonstrate that its credit scoring methodology does not disproportionately affect persons of any particular race, color, religion, marital status, age, gender, income level or place of residence. The regulations were challenged by several insurance industry trade associations and were recently struck down by a Florida Administrative Law Judge and hence, there is no near-term compliance deadline. It is uncertain if and howon January 4, 2007. However, the OIR intends to continue to pursue this changeamended and proposed the regulations again in the law. The Company intends to maintain its competitive position in the Florida marketplace while complying with the new regulations ifJune of 2007, and they are implemented.pending before the Financial Services Commission.

 

In the January 2007, special session of the Florida Legislature, a billlaw designed to improve the availability and affordability of property insurance in Florida was passed and subsequently signed by the Governor.became effective. Among the significant provisions in the new law is a requirement that all companies that write private passenger automobile policies in Florida also write homeowners policies in Floridathe state if they write homeowners policies in any other state. The Company writes homeowners policies on a renewal basis in Florida. The law also expands the availability of reinsurance through the Florida Hurricane Catastrophe Fund, requires rate filings to reflect savings from the availability of such reinsurance, includes homeowners insurance under Florida’s existing excess profits regulations, and requires insurers to offer discounts for various deductible options and hurricane mitigation measures. The Company has made the rate filings required by the new law, and is prepared to comply with all provisions as they become effective. The initial rate impact of the new law has not met the expectations of some Florida governmental leaders, and the law may be subject to further enhancements. The Company is closely monitoring these developments.

In July 2007, the developmentCalifornia DOI issued Orders to Show Cause and Statements of Charges and Accusations (the “OSCs”) alleging that the Company has engaged in and continues to engage in claims handling acts and practices in violation of California Insurance Code sections 790et seqand other regulations. The California DOI is seeking penalties for each violation. The California DOI is also seeking (a) a suspension of the regulations relatedCalifornia Companies’ Certificates of Authority for a period not to this new law, which are expected to become effectiveexceed one year for acts in violation of Section 700(c) and 704 of the California Insurance Code, (b) a finding that breaches of contract have occurred with a specification of the amount of actual damages sustained as a result of the breaches and (c) restitution on behalf of those allegedly harmed by the acts alleged in the springOSCs. On August 10, 2007, the Company filed a Notice of 2007.Defense in response generally and specifically denied the allegations of the OSCs. A hearing on the matter is tentatively set for March 10-14, 2008. The Company does not believe that it has done anything to warrant any of the penalties or remedies sought by the California DOI.

In March 2006, the California DOI issued an Amended Notice of Non-Compliance (“NNC”) to the NNC originally issued in February 2004 alleging that the Company charged rates in violation of the California Insurance Code, willfully permitted its agents to charge broker fees in violation of California law, and willfully misrepresented the actual price insurance consumers could expect to pay for insurance by the amount of a fee charged by the

35


consumer’s insurance broker. Through this action, the California DOI seeks to impose a fine for each policy in which the Company allegedly permitted an agent to charge a broker fee, which the California DOI contends is the use of an unapproved rate, rating plan or rating system. Further, the California DOI seeks to impose a penalty for each and every date on which the Company allegedly used a misleading advertisement alleged in the NNC. Finally, based upon the conduct alleged, the California DOI also contends that the Company acted fraudulently in violation of Section 704(a) of the California Insurance Code, which permits the California Commissioner of Insurance to suspend certificates of authority for a period of one year. The Company filed a Notice of Defense in response to the NNC. The Company does not believe that it has done anything to warrant a monetary penalty from the California DOI. The San Francisco Superior Court, inRobert Krumme, On Behalf Of The General Public v. Mercury Insurance Company, Mercury Casualty Company, and California Automobile Insurance Company, denied plaintiff’s requests for restitution or any other form of retrospective monetary relief based on the same facts and legal theory. The matter is currently in discovery and a hearing before the administrative law judge has been scheduled to be held April 22, 2008.

 

The Company is not able to determine the impact of any of the legal and regulatory changesmatters described in the four paragraphs above. However, itIt is possible that the impact of some of the changes could adversely affect the Company and its operating results, from operations.however, the ultimate outcome is not expected to be material to the Company’s financial position.

 

On March 28, 2006, theThe California State Board of Equalization (“SBE”) upheld Notices of Proposed Assessments issued against the Company for tax years 1993 through 1996 in which the Franchise Tax Board (“FTB”) disallowed a portion of the Company’s expenses related to management services provided to its insurance company subsidiaries on grounds that such expenses were allocable to the Company’s tax-deductible dividends from such subsidiaries. The SBE decision resulted in a smaller disallowance of the Company’s interest expense deductions than was proposed by the FTB in those years. As a result of this ruling, the Company recorded an income tax charge (including penalties and interest) of approximately $15 million, after federal tax benefit, in the first quarter of 2006. The Company believes that the deduction of the expenses related to management services provided to its insurance company subsidiaries is appropriate and intends to challenge the SBE decision in Superior Court.

The California FTB has audited the 1997 through 2002 and 2004 tax returns and accepted the 1997 through 2000 returns to be correct as filed. The Company has not received a notice of examination results for the 2003 tax return.return from the FTB in January 2008. For the Company’s 2001, 2002, and 2004 tax returns, the FTB has taken exception to the state apportionment factors used by the Company. Specifically, the FTB has asserted that payroll and property factors from Mercury Insurance Services, LLC, a subsidiary of Mercury Casualty Company, that are excluded from the Mercury General California Franchise tax return, should be included in the California apportionment factors. In addition, for the 2004 tax return, the FTB

39


has asserted that a portion of management fee expenses paid by Mercury Insurance Services, LLC should be disallowed. Based on these assertions, the FTB has issued notices of proposed tax assessments during 2006 for the 2001, 2002 and 2004 tax years totaling approximately $5 million. The Company strongly disagrees with the position taken by the FTB and plans to formally appeal the assessments before the SBE.California State Board of Equalization (“SBE”). An unfavorable ruling against the Company may have a material impact on the Company’s results of operations in the period of such ruling. Management believes that the issue will ultimately be resolved in favor of the Company. However, there can be no assurance that the Company will prevail on this matter.

 

The Company is also involved in proceedings incidental to its insurance business. See “Item 3. Legal Proceedings,” and “NoteNote 10 of Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements.”Statements-Litigation.

 

Critical Accounting PoliciesEstimates

 

Reserves

 

The preparation of the Company’s consolidated financial statements requires judgment and estimates. The most significant is the estimate of loss reserves as required by Statement of Financial Accounting Standards (“SFAS”) No. 60, “Accounting and Reporting by Insurance Enterprises” (“SFAS No. 60”), and Statement of Financial Accounting StandardsSFAS No. 5, “Accounting for Contingencies” (“SFAS No. 5”). Estimating loss reserves is a difficult process as many factors can ultimately affect the final settlement of a claim and, therefore, the reserve that is required. Changes in the regulatory and legal environment, results of litigation, medical costs, the cost of repair materials and labor rates, among other factors, can all impact ultimate claim costs. In addition, time can be a critical part of reserving determinations since the longer the span between the incidence of a loss and the payment or settlement of a claim, the more variable the ultimate settlement amount can be. Accordingly, short-tail claims, such as property damage claims, tend to be more reasonably predictable than long-tail liability claims. Inflation is estimated and reflected in the reserving process through analysis of cost trends and reviews of historical reserving results.

 

The Company performs its own loss reserve analysis and also engages the services of consulting actuaries to assist in the estimation of loss reserves. The Company and the actuaries dodoes not calculate a range of loss reserve estimates but rather calculatecalculates a point estimate. AsThere is inherent uncertainty with any actuarial estimates thereand this is uncertainty in the Company’sparticularly true with estimates of ultimate losses.for loss reserves. This uncertainty

36


comes from many factors which may include changes in claims reporting and settlement patterns, changes in the regulatory or legal environment, uncertainty over inflation rates and uncertainty for unknown items. The Company does not make specific provisions for these uncertainties, rather it considers them in establishing its reserve by looking at historical patterns and trends and projecting these out to current reserves. The underlying factors and assumptions that serve as the basis for preparing the reserve estimate include paid and incurred loss development factors, expected average costs per claim, inflation trends, expected loss ratios, industry data and other relevant information.

 

At December 31, 2006,The Company also engages independent actuarial consultants to review the Company’s reserves and to provide the annual actuarial opinions required under state statutory accounting requirements. The Company recorded its point estimate of approximately $1,089 million in loss and loss adjustment expense reserves which includes approximately $306 million of incurred butdoes not reported (“IBNR”) loss reserves. IBNR includes estimates, based upon past experience, of ultimate developed costs which may differ from case estimates, unreported claims which occurredrely on actuarial consultants for GAAP reporting or prior to December 31, 2006 and estimated future payments for reopened-claims reserves. Management believes that the liability for losses and loss adjustment expenses is adequate to cover the ultimate net cost of losses and loss adjustment expenses incurred to date. Since the provisions are necessarily based upon estimates, the ultimate liability may be more or less than such provision.periodic report disclosure purposes.

 

The Company analyzes loss reserves quarterly primarily using the incurred loss development, average severity and claim count development methods described below. The Company also uses the paid loss development method to analyze loss adjustment expense reserves and industry claims data as part of its reserve analysis. When deciding which method to use in estimating its reserves, the Company and its actuaries evaluateevaluates the credibility of each method based on the maturity of the data available and the claims settlement practices for each particular line of business or coverage within a line of business. When establishing the reserve, the Company will generally

40


analyze the results from all of the methods used rather than relying on one method. While these methods are designed to determine the ultimate losses on claims under the Company’s policies, there is inherent uncertainty in all actuarial models since they use historical data to project outcomes. The Company believes that the techniques it uses provide a reasonable basis in estimating loss reserves.

 

  

Theincurred loss development method analyzes historical incurred case loss (case reserves plus paid losses) development to estimate ultimate losses. The Company applies development factors against current case incurred losses by accident period to calculate ultimate expected losses. The Company believes that theincurred loss development method provides a reasonable basis for evaluating ultimate losses, particularly in the Company’s larger, more established lines of business which have a long operating history.

 

  

Theclaim count development method analyzes historical claim count development to estimate future incurred claim count development for current claims. The Company applies these development factors against current claim counts by accident period to calculate ultimate expected claim counts.

 

  

Theaverage severity method analyzes historical loss payments and/or incurred losses divided by closed claims and/or total claims to calculate an estimated average cost per claim. From this, the expected ultimate average cost per claim can be estimated. Theaverage severity method coupled with theclaim count development method provide meaningful information regarding inflation and frequency trends that the Company believes is useful in establishing reserves.

 

  

Thepaid loss development method analyzes historical payment patterns to estimate the amount of losses yet to be paid. The Company primarily uses this method for loss adjustment expenses because specific case reserves are generally not established for loss adjustment expenses.

 

In states with little operating history where there are insufficient claims data to prepare a reserve analysis relying solely on Company historical data, the Company generally projects ultimate losses using industry average loss data or expected loss ratios. As the Company develops an operating history in these states, the Company will rely increasingly on the incurred loss development and average severity and claim count development methods. The Company analyzes hurricane catastrophe losses separately from non-catastrophe losses. For these losses, the Company determines claim counts based on claims reported and development expectations from previous stormscatastrophes and applies an average expected loss per claim based on reserves established by adjusters and average losses on previous storms.similar catastrophes.

 

The Company’s consulting actuaries perform37


There are many factors that can cause variability between the ultimate expected loss and the actual developed loss. Because the actual loss for a quarterly analysisparticular accident period is unknown until all claims have settled for that period, the Company’s California, FloridaCompany must estimate the ultimate expected loss. While there are certainly other factors, the Company believes the following items tend to create the most variability between expected losses and New Jersey automobile insurance lines of business (comprising approximately 80% of the Company’s business); a semi-annual analysis for mechanical breakdown, homeowners and Texas, Georgia and Illinois automobile insurance (comprising approximately 15% of the Company’s business); and an annual analysis for all other lines of business. The Company’s consulting actuaries use multiple estimation methods for most of the Company’s lines of business, depending on the particular facts and circumstances of the claim liabilities being evaluated. The Company considers the analysis performed by the consulting actuaries when establishing its reserves.actual losses:

1)Variability in inflation expectations-particularly on coverages that take longer to settle such as the California automobile bodily injury coverage.

2)Variability in the number of claims reported subsequent to a period-end relating to that period-particularly on coverages that take longer to settle such as the California automobile bodily injury coverage.

3)Variability between Company loss experience and industry averages for those lines of business where the Company is relying on industry averages to establish reserves.

4)Unexpected large individual losses or groups of losses arising from older accident periods typically caused by an event that is not reflected in the historical company data used to establish reserves.

These items are discussed in detail below.

1.Inflation variability—California automobile lines of business

 

For the Company’s California automobile lines of business, the bodily injury (BI) reserves make up approximately 65% of the total reserve,reserve; material damage, including collision, comprehensive, and property damage (MD) reserves make up approximately 10% of the total reserve,reserve; and loss adjustment expense reserves make up approximately 25% of the total reserve. The BI reserves account for such a large portion of the total because BI claims tend to close much slower than MD claims. The majority of the loss adjustment expense reserves consist of estimated costs to defend BI claims, so those reservesclaims also tend to close more slowly than MD claims. Loss development on MD reserves is generally insignificant because MD claims are closed quickly.

 

BI loss reserves are generally the most difficult to estimate because they take longer to close than most of the Company’s other coverages. The Company’s BI policy covers injuries sustained by any person other than the insured, except in the case of uninsured motorist and underinsured motorist BI coverage, which covers damages to

41


the insured for BI caused by uninsured or underinsured motorists. BI payments are primarily for medical costs and general damages.

The following table represents the typical closure patterns of BI claims in the California automobile insurance coverage:

 

   

Claims Closedclosed

  

% of total
dollarsTotal

Dollars paid

BI claims closed in the accident year reported

  35% to 40%  15%

BI claims closed one year after the accident year reported

  75% to 80%  60%

BI claims closed two years after the accident year reported

  93% to 97%  90%

BI claims closed three years after the accident year reported

  97% to 99%  98%

 

Claims that close during the initial accident year reported are generally the smaller, less complex claims that settle, on average, for approximately $2,000 to $2,500 whereas the average settlement amount, once all claims are closed in a particular accident year, is approximately $7,000.$7,500. The Company creates incurred loss triangles to estimate ultimate losses utilizing historical reserving patterns and evaluates the results of this analysis against its frequency and severity analysis to establish BI reserves. The Company may from time to timewill adjust development factors to account for inflation trends it sees in loss severity. As a larger proportion of claims from an accident year are settled, there becomes a higher degree of certainty for the reserves established for that accident year. Consequently, there is a decreasing likelihood of reserve development on any particular accident year, as those periods age. The Company believes that the accident years that are most likely to develop in future years are the 2005 through 2007 accident years; however, it is also possible that older accident years could develop as well.

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In general, when establishing reserves, the Company expects that historical trends will continue. Furthermore, the Company believes that costs tend to increase, which is generally consistent with historical data, and therefore the Company believes that it is more reasonable to expect inflation than deflation. Many potential factors can affect the BI inflation rate, including: a reduction in litigated files, more timely handling of claims, safer vehicles, and changes in weather patterns; however, whether these are the factors that actually impact the BI losses or the magnitude of that impact is unknown.

 

The Company estimates IBNRbelieves that it is reasonably possible that the California automobile BI inflation rate recorded for the 2007 accident year could vary by as much as 7%, for 2006 as much as 5% and for 2005 as much as 4%. However, the actual variation could be more or less than such estimates. The following table shows the effects on the 2005, 2006 and 2007 accident years’ California BI loss reserves asbased on those variations in the difference between its projection of ultimate losses and the sum of payments the Company has made and case-basis reserves established for those losses. Assumptions, estimates and other factors that may impact the Company’s ultimate losses are discussed among the Company’s management and its internal or consulting actuaries, as the case may be, to determine the Company’s best estimate of ultimate losses. Through this process, the Company’s best estimate of ultimate reserves is recorded. The results of this analysis are shared quarterly with the Company’s Board of Directors and the Company’s independent auditors.severity recorded:

California Bodily Injury Inflation Reserve Sensitivity Analysis

Accident year

  Ultimate
number of
claims expected
  Actual
recorded
severity at
12/31/07
  Implied
inflation

rate
recorded
  (A)
Pro-forma
severity if
actual
severity is
lower by: 7%
for 2007, 5%
for 2006 and
4% for 2005
  (B)
Pro-forma
severity if
actual
severity is
higher by 7%
for 2007, 5%
for 2006 and
4% for 2005
  Loss redundancy
if actual severity
is less than
recorded
(Column A)
  Loss deficiency
if actual severity
is more than
recorded
(Column B)
 

2007

  35,638  $7,440  3.33% $6,919  $7,961  $18,567,000  ($18,567,000)

2006

  37,200  $7,200  1.44% $6,840  $7,560  $13,392,000  ($13,392,000)

2005

  36,667  $7,098  1.27% $6,814  $7,382  $10,413,000  ($10,413,000)

2004

  Not applicable  $7,008         

Total loss redundancy (deficiency)

  $42,372,000  ($42,372,000)

 

The Company reevaluates its reserves quarterly. When management determinesbelieves that inflation is more normative than deflation and expects a moderate inflation rate of approximately 3% to 4% to continue. However, trends can change, so whether the estimatedCompany’s inflation estimates will be in line with actual inflation is uncertain.

2.Claims reported variability (claim count development)

The Company generally estimates ultimate claim cost requires reductioncounts for previouslyan accident period based on how claim counts have developed in prior accident periods. Typically, for California automobile BI claims, the Company has experienced that approximately 5% to 10% additional claims will be reported in the year subsequent to an accident years, positive development occursyear. Such late-reported claims could be more or less than the Company’s expectations. Typically, almost every claim is reported within one year following the end of an accident year and at that point the Company has a high degree of certainty as to what the ultimate claim count will be. The following table shows the number of BI claims reported at the end of the accident period and one year later:

California Bodily Injury Claim Count Development Table

Accident year

  Number of claims
reported for that accident
year as of December 31 of
that accident year
  Cumulative number
of claims reported
at December 31
one year later
  Percentage increase
in number of claims
reported one year later
 

2002

  31,356  34,355  9.6%

2003

  33,043  36,314  9.9%

2004

  35,084  37,246  6.2%

2005

  34,845  36,802  5.6%

2006

  34,455  37,098  7.7%

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There are many potential factors that can affect the number of claims reported after a period end including changes in weather patterns, a reduction in lossesthe number of litigated files, whether the last day of the year falls on a weekday or a weekend and loss adjustment expenses is reported in the current period. If the estimated ultimate claim cost requires an increase for previously reported accident years, negative development occurs and an increase in losses and loss adjustment expenses is reported in the current period. For 2006,vehicle safety improvements. However, the Company had negativeis unable to determine which, if any, of the factors actually impacted the number of claims reported and, if so, by what magnitude.

At December 31, 2007, there were 33,378 California BI claims reported for the 2007 accident year and the Company estimates that these will ultimately grow by 6.8% to approximately 35,638 claims. The Company believes that while actual development in recent years has ranged between roughly 5% and 10%, it is reasonable to expect that the range could be as great as 3% to 12%. However, actual development may be more or less than the expected amount.

The following table shows the effect should the actual amount of approximately $20 million onclaims reported develop differently within the 2005 and prior accident years’ loss and loss adjustment expense reserves whichbroader reasonably possible range than what the Company recorded at December 31, 2005 totaled approximately $1,023 million. The majority of the negative development was recognized in the second quarter of 2006. The negative development primarily relates to increases in the Company’s 2005 and prior accident years’ loss estimates for personal automobile insurance in Florida and New Jersey totaling approximately $20 million and $15 million, respectively, offset by positive development of approximately $15 million for business written in California.2007:

 

In Florida, a large portion of the $20 million in adverse loss development relates to additional reserves recorded for large losses related primarily to extra-contractual claims. Extra-contractual losses are fairly infrequent but can amount to millions of dollars per claim, especially if the injured party sustained a serious injury such as a loss of a limb or paralysis. Consequently, these claims can have a large impact on the Company’s losses. During 2006, the Company had extra-contractual losses that settled for amounts much greater than the policy limits and much greater than expected. As a result of these settlements, the Company reevaluated its exposure to extra-contractual claims in Florida and increased its reserve estimates for prior accident years.California Bodily Injury Claim Count Reserve Sensitivity Analysis

 

Typically, extra-contractual claims are those that settle for more than the policy limits because the original claim was denied, thus exposing the Company to losses greater than the policy limits. Claims may be denied for various reasons, including material misrepresentations made by the insured on the policy application or insureds that have violated prohibitions in the insurance contract or when there is fraud involved. During 2006, the Company established new claims handling and review procedures in Florida, as well as in other states, that are intended to reduce the risk of receiving extra-contractual claims. Consequently, the Company does not expect that Florida

2007 accident year

  Claims reported  Amount recorded at
12/31/07 at 6.8%
claim count
development
  Total expected
amount if claim
count development
is 3%
  Total expected
amount if claim
count development
is 12%
 

Claim count

  33,378   35,638   34,380   37,383 

Approximate average cost per claim

  Not meaningful  $7,450  $7,450  $7,450 

Total dollars

  Not meaningful  $265,500,000   256,100,000  $278,500,000 

Total loss redundancy (deficiency)

  $9,400,000  ($13,000,000)

 

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extra-contractual claims will continue to have a significant impact on the financial statements or reserves in the future. However, it is possible that these procedures will not prove entirely effective and the Company may continue to have material extra-contractual losses. It is also possible that the Company has not identified and established a sufficient reserve for all of the extra-contractual losses occurring in the older accident years, even though a comprehensive claims file review was undertaken, or that the Company will experience additional development on these reserves.

3.Variability between the Company’s loss experience and industry averages for those lines of business where there is a heavy reliance on industry averages to establish reserves, primarily New Jersey bodily injury claims

 

New Jersey is a no-fault state, which means that the majority of medical costs are paid directly by a policyholder’s insurance company rather than by the insurance company of the person who was at-fault in the accident. This coverage is known as personal injury protection (“PIP”) and in New Jersey the standard policy has a statutory limit of $250,000 per person. In New Jersey, the BI coverage provides compensation for “pain and suffering” that is above and beyond the normal medical costs that are provided by the PIP coverage. The PIP limits are very high in New Jersey and the BI cases are often more complicated and expensive than in other states, therefore they tend to take longer to settle. Consequently, establishing reservesa reserve for these coverages in New Jersey tends to beis generally more difficult than in most of the Company’s other states. Adding to the reserving difficulty is the fact that the Company has a very short operating history in New Jersey, underwriting personal automobile insurance only since the fall of 2003.

 

At year-end 2005, due toAs a result of the lack of sufficient operating history, the Company has relied on industry loss data to determine the ultimate losses for the BI and PIP coverage’scoverages in New Jersey. During 2006, more claims from accident year 2004 matured and closed and it became apparent that the Company was experiencing loss severities that were greater than those reserved for at December 31, 2005. As a result, the Company revised its reserve approach and now utilizes an approach that compares 2004 accident year losses to industry loss data and then extrapolates that relationship to the less developed 2005 and 2006 accident years. As a result of this, the Company increased its reserve estimates for the 2004 and 2005 accident years by approximately $15 million during 2006.

The reserve approach utilized for New Jersey assumes that there will not be significantly more development on the 2004 accident year claims, due to the maturity of those claims, and that the relationship between Company loss data and industry loss data in accident yearyears 2005, 2006 and 20062007 will be similar to that experienced in accident year 2004. At December 31, 2006,2007, the Company recorded average BI loss severities that were higher than those from the industry loss data. For every 10% that recorded BI loss severities are increased on the 2005, 2006 and 20062007 accident years, an additional loss reserve of approximately $7$8 million would be required, with the converse holding true if the loss severities recorded were reduced. As the claims from the 2005, 2006 and 20062007 accident years continue to mature, there is likely to be additional development, however, it is uncertain whether this development will be positive or adverse.

 

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4.Unexpected large individual losses or groups of losses arising from older accident periods typically caused by an event that is not reflected in the historical company data used to establish reserves.

These types of losses are generally not provided for in the current reserve because they are not known or expected and tend to be unquantifiable. Once they become known, the Company establishes a provision for the losses. Consequently, it is not possible to provide any meaningful sensitivity analysis as to the potential size of any unexpected losses. These losses can be caused by many factors, including unexpected legal interpretations of coverage, ineffective claims handling, new regulations extending claims reporting periods, assumption of unexpected or unknown risks, adverse court decisions as well as many unknown factors. Conversely, it is possible to experience positive reserve development when one or more of these factors prove to be beneficial to the Company.

One instance of unanticipated large losses arising from older accident periods was in 2006 from extra-contractual losses in Florida. Typically, extra-contractual claims settle for more than the policy limits because the original claim was denied, exposing the Company to losses greater than the policy limits. Claims may be denied for various reasons, including material misrepresentation made by the insured on the policy application, violation of prohibitions in the insurance contract by the insured, or fraud. These types of losses are fairly infrequent but can amount to millions of dollars per claim, especially if the injured party sustained a serious injury such as a loss of a limb or paralysis. Consequently, these claims can have a large impact on the Company’s losses. During 2006, the Company had extra-contractual claims that settled for amounts much greater than the policy limits and much greater than expected. As a result of these settlements, the Company, during the second quarter of 2006, reevaluated its exposure to extra-contractual claims in Florida and increased its reserve estimates for prior accident years.

To mitigate this specific risk, during 2006 the Company established new claims handling and review procedures in Florida, as well as in other states, that are intended to reduce the risk of receiving extra-contractual claims. Consequently, the Company does not expect that Florida extra-contractual claims will continue to have a significant impact on the financial statements or reserves in the future. However, it is possible that these procedures will not prove entirely effective and the Company may continue to have material extra-contractual losses. It is also possible that the Company has not identified and established sufficient reserves for all of the extra-contractual losses occurring in the older accident years, even though a comprehensive claims file review was undertaken, or that the Company will experience additional development on these reserves.

Discussion of loss reserves and prior period loss development at December 31, 2007

At December 31, 2007 and 2006, respectively, the Company recorded its point estimate of approximately $1,104 and $1,089 million, respectively in loss and loss adjustment expense reserves which includes approximately $322 and $306 million, respectively of incurred but not reported (“IBNR”) loss reserves. IBNR includes estimates, based upon past experience, of ultimate developed costs which may differ from case estimates, unreported claims which occurred on or prior to December 31, 2007 and estimated future payments for reopened-claims reserves. Management believes that the liability established at December 31, 2007 for losses and loss adjustment expenses is adequate to cover the ultimate net cost of losses and loss adjustment expenses incurred to date. Since the provisions are necessarily based upon estimates, the ultimate liability may be more or less than such provision.

The Company reevaluates its reserves quarterly. When management determines that the estimated ultimate claim cost requires reduction for previously reported accident years, positive development occurs and a reduction in losses and loss adjustment expenses is reported in the current period. If the estimated ultimate claim cost requires an increase for previously reported accident years, negative development occurs and an increase in losses and loss adjustment expenses is reported in the current period.

For 2007, the Company had negative development of approximately $20 million on the 2006 and prior accident years’ loss and loss adjustment expense reserves which at December 31, 2006 totaled approximately

41


$1.1 billion. The negative development related to California theoperations was approximately $25 million, which was offset by positive development of approximately $15$5 million included reserve redundancies occurringrelated to operations outside of California. See also Note 7 of Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements.

California development

Of the $25 million in the BI coverage reservesadverse development recorded for the California, automobile insurance lines of business totaling approximately $13 million forrelates to adverse development on the year endedbodily injury reserves established at December 31, 2006. Of that $13 million, approximately $4 million relates to an increase in the ultimate number of claims reported that exceeded the Company’s original estimate and approximately $9 million relates to increases in the Company’s loss severity estimates from the amount that was recorded at December 31, 2006.

Of the remaining adverse development not accounted for in the bodily injury figures, approximately $7 million came from the California homeowners line of business and the remainder came from multiple sources including changes in estimates for loss adjustment expenses and changes in estimates for many of the short-tail coverages within the automobile line of business. The increase in homeowners losses resulted primarily because loss severities for the property portion of homeowners for the 2006 accident year went up by 8% from the estimates recorded at December 31, 2006.

Development on operations outside of California

Outside of California, the Company hadexperienced approximately $5 million of positive reserve development. There are many offsetting redundancies and deficiencies in its other coverages and linesthe non-California states. The largest amount of positive development on loss reserves came from the Florida personal automobile line of business offered in California which net to an immaterial amount.and totaled approximately $14 million.

 

BI inflation for the most recent accident years is oneApproximately $11 million of the most difficult components of$14 million in positive Florida development came from the Company’s reserves to estimate because a large portion of the claims have not yet been settled. As time passes and more claims from an2006 accident year are settled,and resulted from new claims handling and review procedures implemented in Florida during 2006. When establishing the actual inflation rate becomes more certain. Since there are still a significant number of open BI claims for the 2006 and 2005 accident years, it is possible that inflation rate assumptions will change as more claims are settled in the future. Atloss reserves at December 31, 2006, the effect of the new claims procedures had not yet manifested itself in the numbers. Consequently, much of the reserves established at December 31, 2006 were based on historical trends that pre-dated 2006. In 2007, with an additional year of seasoning, it became apparent that the loss development and severity trends would be more favorable than they had been in the past. Consequently, the Company assumed BI inflation rates of approximately 4%experienced positive development on the 2006 and 2005 accident yearsprior period reserves which it largely attributes to the new claims procedures implemented in establishing reserves forthat state. While the California automobile linesCompany expects this favorable trend to continue, it has now largely been factored into the 2007 reserves. Therefore, the Company does not expect to experience continued positive loss development of business. The Company estimates that each percentage point changethis magnitude in the inflation rate assumption would impact total losses on an individual accident year by approximately $2.5 million.future.

 

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Premiums

 

The Company complies with the SFAS No. 60 definition of how insurance enterprises should recognize revenue on insurance policies written. The Company’s insurance premiums are recognized as revenue ratably over the term of the policies, that is, in proportion to the amount of insurance protection provided. Unearned premiums are carried as a liability on the balance sheet and are computed on a monthly pro-rata basis. The Company evaluates its unearned premiums periodically for premium deficiencies by comparing the sum of expected claim costs, unamortized acquisition costs and maintenance costs to related unearned premiums. To the extent that any of the Company’s lines of business become substantially unprofitable, then a premium deficiency reserve may be required. The Company does not expect this to occur on any of its significant lines of business.

 

Investments

 

The Company carries its fixed maturity and equity investments at marketfair value as required for securities classified as “Available for Sale” and “Trading” by Statement of Financial Accounting StandardsSFAS No. 115, “Accounting for Certain Investments in Debt and Equity Securities” (“SFAS No. 115”). In most cases,, as amended. With limited exceptions, market valuations were drawn from trade data

42


sources. In no caseNo valuations were any valuations made by the Company’s management. Equity holdings, including non-sinking fund preferred stocks, are, with minor exceptions, actively traded on national exchanges or trading markets, and were valued at the last transaction price on the balance sheet date. The Company regularly evaluates its investments for other than temporaryother-than-temporary declines and writes them off as realized losses through the consolidated statementstatements of income, as required by SFAS No. 115, as amended, when recoverydeclines are deemed to be other than temporary. SFAS No. 155, “Accounting for Certain Hybrid Financial Instruments, an amendment of Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) Statements No. 133 and 140” (“SFAS No. 155”) allows the net bookCompany to include changes in fair value appears doubtful.in earnings on an instrument-by-instrument basis for certain hybrid financial instruments that contain an embedded derivative that would otherwise be required to be bifurcated and accounted for separately under SFAS No. 133, “Accounting for Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activities” (“SFAS No. 133”). Temporary unrealized investment gains and losses for investments available for sale, except for those accounted for under SFAS No. 133 and SFAS No. 155, are credited or charged directly to shareholders’ equity as part of accumulated other comprehensive income (loss), net of applicable taxes. It is possible that in the future, information will become available about the Company’s current investments that would require accounting for them as realized losses due to other than temporaryother-than-temporary declines in value. The financial statement effect would be to movereclassify the unrealized loss from accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) on the consolidated balance sheet to realized investment losses on the consolidated statementstatements of income. Changes in fair value for those investments accounted for as hybrid financial instruments under SFAS No. 133 and SFAS No. 155, as well as for trading securities accounted for under SFAS No. 115, as amended, are reflected in net realized gains or losses in the consolidated statements of income. See also “Liquidity and Capital Resources.”

 

Contingent Liabilities

 

The Company may have certain known and unknown potential liabilities that are evaluated using the criteria established by SFAS No. 5. These include claims, assessments or lawsuits relating to ourthe Company’s business. The Company continually evaluates these potential liabilities and accrues for them or discloses them in the financial statement footnotes if they meet the requirements stated in SFAS No. 5. While it is not possibleSee also “Regulatory and Legal Matters” and Note 10 of Notes to know with certainty the ultimate outcome of contingent liabilities, management does not expect them to have a material effect on the consolidated operations or financial position.Consolidated Financial Statements.

 

Results of Operations

 

Year Ended December 31, 20062007 Compared to Year Ended December 31, 20052006

 

Premiums earned in 2006 of $2,997.0 million increased 5.2%2007 decreased 0.1% from the corresponding period in 2005.2006. Net premiums written in 2006 of $3,044.8 million increased 3.2% over amounts written2007 decreased 2.1% from the corresponding period in 2005.2006. The premium increasesdecreases were principally attributable to increased policy sales.a decrease in the number of policies written by the Company’s non-California operations, mostly in New Jersey and Florida, which are experiencing significant competition. The decrease is partially offset by a slight increase in the average premium collected per policy. During 2006,2007, the Company hadimplemented no rate increaseschanges in California. In states outside of California, andthe Company implemented automobile rate increases in two states, automobile rate decreases in four states, and homeowners rate decreases in one of the twelve non-California states.state during 2007.

 

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Net premiums written is a non-GAAP financial measure which represents the premiums charged on policies issued during a fiscal period less any effects of reinsurance. Net premiums written is a statutory measure used to determine production levels. Net premiums earned, the most directly comparable GAAP measure, represents the portion of premiums written that are recognized as income in the financial statements for the period presented and earned on a pro-rata basis over the term of the policies. The following is a reconciliation of total Company net premiums written to net premiums earned (000s)for the years ended December 31, 2007 and 2006, respectively:

   2007  2006 
   (Amounts in thousands) 

Net premiums written

  $2,982,024  $3,044,774 

Decrease (increase) in unearned premiums

   11,853   (47,751)
         

Earned premiums

  $2,993,877  $2,997,023 
         

43


The loss ratio (GAAP basis) in 2007 (loss and loss adjustment expenses related to premiums earned) was 68.0% compared with 67.5% in 2006. There was negative development of approximately $20 million on prior accident years’ loss reserves in both 2007 and 2006. Excluding the effect of prior accident years’ loss development, the loss ratio was 67.4% in 2007 and 66.8% in 2006. The Southern California fire storms negatively impacted the loss ratio by approximately 0.8% in 2007.

The expense ratio (GAAP basis) in 2007 (policy acquisition costs and other operating expenses related to premiums earned) was 27.4% compared with 27.5% in 2006. The majority of expenses vary directly with premiums.

The combined ratio of losses and expenses (GAAP basis) is the key measure of underwriting performance traditionally used in the property and casualty insurance industry. A combined ratio under 100% generally reflects profitable underwriting results; a combined ratio over 100% generally reflects unprofitable underwriting results. The combined ratio of losses and expenses (GAAP basis) was 95.4% in 2007 compared with 95.0% in 2006.

Net investment income in 2007 was $158.9 million compared with $151.1 million in 2006. The after-tax yield on average investments of $3,468.4 million (cost basis) was 4.0%, compared with 3.8% on average investments of $3,325.4 million (cost basis) in 2006. The effective tax rate on investment income was 13.3% in 2007, compared to 15.5% in 2006. The lower tax rate in 2007 reflects a shift in the mix of the Company’s portfolio from taxable to non-taxable securities. Proceeds from bonds which matured or were called in 2007 totaled $311.7 million, compared to $522.2 million in 2006. The proceeds were mostly reinvested into securities meeting the Company’s investment profile.

Net realized investment gains in 2007 were $20.8 million, compared with net realized investment gains of $15.4 million in 2006. Included in the net realized investment gains are investment write-downs of $22.7 million in 2007 and $2.0 million in 2006 that the Company considered to be other-than-temporarily impaired. In addition, net realized investment gains include approximately $1.4 million loss in 2007 and $0 in 2006 related to the change in the fair value of hybrid financial instruments, and approximately $2.0 million gain in 2007 and $0 in 2006 related to the change in the fair value of trading securities.

The income tax provision for 2006 of $97.6 million was impacted significantly by a $15 million income tax charge relating to the Notices of Proposed Assessments for the tax years 1993 through 1996 (the “NPAs”) that were upheld by the California State Board of Equalization. Excluding the effect of this income tax charge results in an effective tax rate of 26.4% in 2006 compared with an effective rate of 24.5% in 2007. The lower rate in 2007 is primarily attributable to an increased proportion of tax-exempt investment income including tax sheltered dividend income, in contrast to taxable investment income and underwriting income.

Net income in 2007 was $237.8 million or $4.34 per share (diluted) compared with $214.8 million or $3.92 per share (diluted) in 2006. Diluted per share results are based on a weighted average of 54.8 million shares in 2007 and 54.8 million shares in 2006. Basic per share results were $4.35 in 2007 and $3.93 in 2006. Included in net income are net realized investment gains, net of income tax expense, of $0.25 and $0.18 per share (diluted and basic) in 2007 and 2006, respectively.

Year Ended December 31, 2006 Compared to Year Ended December 31, 2005

Premiums earned in 2006 increased 5.2% from the corresponding period in 2005. Net premiums written in 2006 increased 3.2% over amounts written in 2005. The premium increases were principally attributable to increased policy sales. During 2006, the Company implemented no rate increases in California and implemented automobile rate increases in one of the twelve non-California states.

Net premiums written is a non-GAAP financial measure which represents the premiums charged on policies issued during a fiscal period less any effects of reinsurance. Net premiums written is a statutory measure used to

44


determine production levels. Net premiums earned, the most directly comparable GAAP measure, represents the portion of premiums written that are recognized as income in the financial statements for the period presented and earned on a pro-rata basis over the term of the policies. The following is a reconciliation of total Company net premiums written to net premiums earned for the years ended December 31, 2006 and 2005, respectively:

 

  2006  2005
  2006  2005  (Amounts in thousands)

Net premiums written

  $3,044,774  $2,950,523  $3,044,774  $2,950,523

Increase in unearned premiums

   47,751   102,790   47,751   102,790
            

Earned premiums

  $2,997,023  $2,847,733  $2,997,023  $2,847,733
            

 

The loss ratio (GAAP basis) in 2006 (loss and loss adjustment expenses related to premiums earned) was 67.5% compared with 65.4% in 2005. Negative development on prior accident years increased the 2006 loss ratio by 0.7 percentage points while positive development on prior accident years reduced the 2005 loss ratio by 1.6 percentage points. Florida hurricanes impacted the 2005 loss ratio by 1.0 percentage point and had no impact on the 2006 loss ratio. Contributing to the increase in the 2006 loss ratio is loss cost inflation.

 

The expense ratio (GAAP basis) in 2006 (policy acquisition costs and other operating expenses related to premiums earned) was 27.5% compared with 27.0% in 2005. Increases in costs related to information technology initiatives led to a slight increase in the expense ratio in 2006.

 

The combined ratio of losses and expenses (GAAP basis) is the key measure of underwriting performance traditionally used in the property and casualty insurance industry. A combined ratio under 100% generally reflects profitable underwriting results; a combined ratio over 100% generally reflects unprofitable underwriting results. The combined ratio of losses and expenses (GAAP basis) was 95.0% in 2006 compared with 92.4% in 2005.

 

Net investment income in 2006 was $151.1 million compared with $122.6 million in 2005. The after-tax yield on average investments of $3,325.4 million (cost basis) was 3.8%, compared with 3.5% on average investments of $3,058.1 million (cost basis) in 2005. The effective tax rate on investment income was 15.5% in 2006, compared to 13.8% in 2005. The higher tax rate in 2006 reflects a shift in the mix of the Company’s portfolio from non-taxable to taxable securities. Proceeds from bonds which matured or were called in 2006 totaled $522.2 million, compared to $409.5 million in 2005. Assuming market interest rates remain at current levels, the Company expects approximately $482 million of bonds to mature or be called in 2007. The Company expects to reinvest any proceeds were mostly reinvested into securities meeting the Company’s investment profile.

 

Net realized investment gains in 2006 were $15.4 million, compared with net realized investment gains of $16.2 million in 2005. Included in the net realized investment gains are investment write-downs of $2.0 million in 2006 and $2.2 million in 2005 that the Company considered to be other-than-temporarily impaired.

 

The income tax provision for 2006 of $97.6 million was impacted significantly by a $15 million income tax charge relating to the Notices of Proposed Assessments for the tax years 1993 through 1996 (the “NPAs”) that were upheld by the California State Board of Equalization. Excluding the effect of this income tax charge results in an effective tax rate of 26.4% in 2006 compared with an effective rate of 28.2% in 2005. The lower rate after the exclusion in 2006 is primarily attributable to an increased proportion of tax-exempt investment income and tax sheltered dividend income, in contrast to underwriting income which is taxed at the full corporate rate of 35%.

 

Net income in 2006 was $214.8 million or $3.92 per share (diluted) compared with $253.3 million or $4.63 per share (diluted) in 2005. Diluted per share results are based on a weighted average of 54.8 million shares in 2006 and 54.7 million shares in 2005. Basic per share results were $3.93 in 2006 and $4.64 in 2005. Included in net income are net realized investment gains, net of income tax expense, of $0.18 and $0.19 per share (diluted and basic) in 2006 and 2005, respectively.

 

45


Year Ended December 31, 2005 Compared to Year Ended December 31, 2004

Premiums earned in 2005 of $2,847.7 million increased 12.6% from the corresponding period in 2004. Net premiums written in 2005 of $2,950.5 million increased 11.5% over amounts written in 2004. The premium increases were principally attributable to increased policy sales. During 2005, the Company had no rate increases in California and implemented automobile rate increases in three of the twelve non-California states.

Net premiums written is a non-GAAP financial measure which represents the premiums charged on policies issued during a fiscal period less any effects of reinsurance. Net premiums written is a statutory measure used to determine production levels. Net premiums earned, the most directly comparable GAAP measure, represents the portion of premiums written that are recognized as income in the financial statements for the period presented and earned on a pro-rata basis over the term of the policies. The following is a reconciliation of total Company net premiums written to net premiums earned (000s) for the years ended December 31, 2005 and 2004, respectively:

   2005  2004

Net premiums written

  $2,950,523  $2,646,704

Increase in unearned premiums

   102,790   118,068
        

Earned premiums

  $2,847,733  $2,528,636
        

The loss ratio (GAAP basis) in 2005 (loss and loss adjustment expenses related to premiums earned) was 65.4% compared with 62.6% in 2004. Losses from Florida hurricanes negatively impacted the 2005 and 2004 loss ratios by 1.0 percentage point and 0.9 percentage point, respectively. Positive development on prior accident years reduced the 2005 loss ratio by 1.6 percentage points compared to a 2.3 percentage point reduction in the 2004 loss ratio. Without the impact of Florida hurricanes or loss development, the loss ratios would have been 66.0% for 2005 and 64.0% for 2004, a 2.0 percentage point increase. Increases in California homeowners losses accounted for approximately 1.0 percentage point of the difference between 2004 and 2005 loss ratios. These losses were higher primarily due to increased claims caused by Santa Ana windstorms during the first quarter of 2005. Also contributing to the increase in the 2005 loss ratio is higher average auto repair costs due to increasing costs of automobile parts and labor.

The expense ratio (GAAP basis) in 2005 (policy acquisition costs and other operating expenses related to premiums earned) was 27.0% compared with 26.6% in 2004. Increases in advertising, state assessments and consulting costs related to IT initiatives impacted the expense ratio in 2005.

The combined ratio of losses and expenses (GAAP basis) is the key measure of underwriting performance traditionally used in the property and casualty insurance industry. A combined ratio under 100% generally reflects profitable underwriting results; a combined ratio over 100% generally reflects unprofitable underwriting results. The combined ratio of losses and expenses (GAAP basis) was 92.4% in 2005 compared with 89.2% in 2004.

Net investment income in 2005 was $122.6 million compared with $109.7 million in 2004. The after-tax yield on average investments of $3,058.1 million (cost basis) was 3.5%, compared with 3.6% on average investments of $2,662.2 million (cost basis) in 2004. The effective tax rate on investment income was 13.8% in 2005, compared to 12.6% in 2004. The higher tax rate in 2005 reflects a shift in the mix of the Company’s portfolio from non-taxable to taxable securities. Proceeds from bonds which matured or were called in 2005 totaled $409.5 million, compared to $363.4 million in 2004.

Net realized investment gains in 2005 were $16.2 million, compared with net realized investment gains of $25.1 million in 2004. Included in the net realized investment gains are investment write-downs of $2.2 million in 2005 and $0.9 million in 2004 that the Company considered to be other-than-temporarily impaired.

The income tax provision of $99.4 million in 2005 represented an effective tax rate of 28.2% compared to an effective tax rate of 29.8% in 2004. The lower rate is primarily attributable to a decreased proportion of

46


underwriting income taxed at the full corporate rate of 35% in contrast with investment income which includes tax exempt interest and tax sheltered dividend income.

Net income in 2005 was $253.3 million or $4.63 per share (diluted) compared with $286.2 million or $5.24 per share (diluted) in 2004. Diluted per share results are based on a weighted average of 54.7 million shares in 2005 and 54.6 million shares in 2004. Basic per share results were $4.64 in 2005 and $5.25 in 2004. Included in net income are net realized investment gains, net of income tax expense, of $0.19 and $0.30 per share (diluted and basic) in 2005 and 2004, respectively.

Liquidity and Capital Resources

General

 

Mercury General is largely dependent upon dividends received from its insurance subsidiaries to pay debt service costs and to make distributions to its shareholders. Under current insurance law, the Insurance Companies are entitled to pay, without extraordinary approval, ordinary dividends of approximately $247$246 million in 2007.2008. Extraordinary dividends, as defined by the DOI, require DOI extraordinary approval. Actual dividends paid from the Insurance Companies to Mercury General during 2006 was $1682007 were $127 million. As of December 31, 2006,2007, Mercury General also had approximately $61$66 million in fixed maturity securities, equity securities and short-term cash investments that could be utilized to satisfy its direct holding company obligations.

 

The principal sources of funds for the Insurance Companies are premiums, sales and maturity of invested assets and dividend and interest income from invested assets. The principal uses of funds for the Insurance Companies are the payment of claims and related expenses, operating expenses, dividends to Mercury General and the purchase of investments.

 

Cash Flows

Through the Insurance Companies, the Company has generated positive cash flow from operations for over twenty consecutive years, in excess of $100 million every year since 1994 and over $350 million for each of the past four years.1994. During this same period, the Company has not been required to liquidate any of its fixed maturity investments to settle claims or other liabilities. Because of the Company’s long track record of positive operating cash flows, it does not attempt to match the duration and timing of asset maturities with those of liabilities. Rather, the Company manages its portfolio with a view towards maximizing total return with an emphasis on after-tax income. Combined withWith combined cash and short termshort-term investments of $329.9$320.9 million at December 31, 2006,2007, the Company believes its cash flow from operations is adequate to satisfy its liquidity requirements without the forced sale of investments. However, the Company operates in a rapidly evolving and often unpredictable business environment that may change the timing or amount of expected future cash receipts and expenditures. Accordingly, there can be no assurance that the Company’s sources of funds will be sufficient to meet its liquidity needs or that the Company will not be required to raise additional funds to meet those needs, including future business expansion, through the sale of equity or debt securities or from credit facilities with lending institutions.

 

Net cash provided from operating activities in 20062007 was $361.9$216.1 million, a decrease of $139.7$147.1 million over the same period in 2005.2006. This decrease was primarily due to the slowdown in growth of premiums reflecting a softening market condition in personal automobile insurance coupled with an increase in loss and loss adjustment expenses paid in 2006.2007. The Company has utilized the cash provided from operating activities primarily to increase its investment in fixed maturity securities, the purchase and development of information technology such as the NextGen and IBS computer systems and the payment of dividends to its shareholders. Excess cash was invested in short-term cash investments. Funds derived from the sale, redemption or maturity of fixed maturity investments of $2,434.9$1,754.6 million, were primarily reinvested by the Company in high grade fixed maturity securities.

 

The market value of all investments held at market as “Available for Sale” exceeded amortized cost of $3,392.3 million at December 31, 2006 by $107.4 million. That net unrealized gain, reflected in shareholders’ equity, net of applicable tax effects, was $69.7 million at December 31, 2006, compared with $66.5 million at December 31, 2005.Invested Assets

 

47


At December 31, 2006,2007, the average rating of the $2,899.0$2,887.8 million bond portfolio at marketfair value (amortized cost $2,851.7$2,860.5 million) was AA, the same as the average rating at December 31, 2005.2006. Bond holdings are broadly diversified geographically, within the tax-exempt sector. Holdings in the taxable sector consist principally of investment grade issues. At December 31, 2006,2007, bond holdings rated below investment grade totaled $47.7 million at fair value (cost $46.8 million) representing 1.3% of total investments. This compares to approximately $48.6 million at marketfair value (cost $43.8 million) representing 1.4% of total investments. This compares to approximately $51.1 million at market (cost $49.8 million) representing 1.6% of total investments at December 31, 2005.2006.

 

46


The following table sets forth the composition of the investment portfolio of the Company as of December 31, 2006:2007:

 

  

Amortized

cost

  

Market

value

  Amortized
cost
  Fair
value
  (Amounts in thousands)  (Amounts in thousands)

Fixed maturity securities:

    

Fixed maturity securities available for sale:

    

U.S. government bonds and agencies

  $133,733  $132,477  $36,157  $36,375

Municipal bonds

   2,282,877   2,335,962   2,435,215   2,464,541

Mortgage-backed securities

   273,420   271,733   245,731   246,072

Corporate bonds

   157,893   155,049   141,273   138,701

Redeemable preferred stock

   3,792   3,766   2,079   2,071
            
  $2,851,715  $2,898,987  $2,860,455  $2,887,760
            

Equity securities:

    

Equity securities available for sale:

    

Common stock:

        

Public utilities

  $123,289  $171,319  $34,555  $64,895

Banks, trusts and insurance companies

   9,731   11,996   20,284   21,371

Industrial and other

   77,222   85,466   233,117   299,201

Non-redeemable preferred stock

   48,068   49,668   29,913   27,656
            
  $258,310  $318,449  $317,869  $413,123
            

Short-term cash investments

  $282,302  $282,302

Equity securities trading:

    

Common stock:

    

Public utilities

  $1,148  $1,280

Industrial and other

   11,978   13,834
            
  $13,126  $15,114
      

Short-term investments

  $272,678  $272,678
      

 

The Company monitors its investments closely. If an unrealized loss is determined to be other than temporary, it is written off as a realized loss through the consolidated statementstatements of income. The Company’s assessment of other-than-temporary impairments is security-specific as of the balance sheet date and considers various factors including the length of time and the extent to which the fair value has been lower than the cost, the financial condition and the near termnear-term prospects of the issuer, whether the debtor is current on its contractually obligated interest and principal payments, and the Company’s intent to hold the securities until they mature or recover their value. The Company recognized $2.0$22.7 million and $2.2$2.0 million in realized losses as other-than-temporary declines to its investment securities during 20062007 and 2005,2006, respectively.

 

During the second half of 2007 and subsequent to December 31, 2007, the investment market has experienced substantial volatility as a result of uncertainty in the credit markets. As a result, some asset classes have had liquidity and/or valuation issues including mortgage-backed securities (“CMO”), privately insured municipal bonds, and adjustable rate short-term securities.

The entire CMO portfolio consists of loans to prime borrowers except for approximately $20 million (amortized cost and fair value) of Alt-A CMO’s. Alt-A mortgages are generally home loans made to individuals that have credit scores as high as prime borrowers, but provide less documentation of their finances on their credit applications. All of the Company’s Alt-A CMO’s are currently rated AAA and the overall rating of the entire CMO portfolio is AAA.

The Company had approximately $2.5 billion at fair value in municipal bonds at December 31, 2007. Approximately half of the municipal bonds do not carry insurance from bond insurers and have an average rating of AA. The other half of the municipal bond positions are insured by bond insurers. The following table presents the “aging” of pre-tax unrealized losses on investments that exceed 20% of amortized cost as of December 31, 2006:bond

 

   Aging of Unrealized Losses
   Amortized
Cost
  

0-6

Months

  

6-12

Months

  Over 12
Months
  Total
   (Amounts in thousands)

Fixed Maturities:

         

Investment grade

  $—    $—    $—    $—    $—  

Non-investment grade

   —     —     —     —     —  

Equity securities

   2,260   690   —     —     690
                    
  $2,260  $690  $—    $—    $690
                    

Aged unrealized losses as a % of amortized cost:

         

Equity securities

         

20-50% below amortized cost

   93%     

Over 50% below amortized cost

   7%     

4847


The unrealized lossesinsurers each insured more than one percent of $0.7 millionthe Company’s municipal bond portfolio at December 31, 2007: MBIA-17.0%, FSA-11.3%, AMBAC-9.0%, FGIC-7.2%, and XLCA-1.7%. All of these insurers maintained investment grade ratings at December 31, 2007 and, although some of the insurers have been downgraded subsequent to year-end, they all continue to maintain investment grade ratings as of February 20, 2008. However, based on the uncertainty surrounding the financial condition of these insurers, it is possible that they will be downgraded to a below investment grade rating by the rating agencies in the table above are comprisedfuture, and such downgrades could impact the estimated fair value of two equity securities with lossesmunicipal bonds.

At December 31, 2007, the average rating of $0.3the insured portion of the Company’s municipal bond portfolio was AAA. For insured bonds that have underlying ratings, the average underlying rating is AA-. There is also approximately $200 million and $0.1 million, and ten equity securities with lossesof insured bonds that carry no official underlying rating. The Company considers bonds that carry no underlying rating as being investment grade since it is an underwriting policy of the “AAA” mono-line insurers that the issuer qualifies as an investment grade credit in order to get the bond insurer’s rating. The Company considers the strength of the underlying credit as a buffer against potential market value declines which may result from future rating downgrades of the bond insurers. In addition, the Company has a long-term time horizon for its municipal bond holdings which allows us to recover the full principle amounts upon maturity, rather than forced sales of bonds prior to maturity that have declined in market values due to bond insurer rating downgrades.

The Company owned less than $0.1 million. Based upon the Company’s analysis$100 million of theseadjustable rate short-term securities, the unrealized losses for theseincluding auction rate securities, are treated as temporary declines. Note 2at December 31, 2007 but subsequently exited substantially all of the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements provides a further discussion of unrealized gainsasset class at par without gain or loss. The Company continuously monitors the market and losses ofmay invest in such securities in the investment portfolio.future.

Debt

 

On August 7, 2001, the Company completed a public debt offering issuing $125 million of senior notes payable under a $300 million shelf registration filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission in July 2001.notes. The notes are unsecured, senior obligations of the Company with a 7.25% annual coupon payable on August 15 and February 15 each year commencing February 15, 2002. These notes mature on August 15, 2011. The Company used the proceeds from the senior notes to retire amounts payable under existing revolving credit facilities, which were terminated. Effective January 2, 2002, the Company entered into an interest rate swap of its fixed rate obligation on the senior notes for a floating rate of LIBOR plus 107 basis points. The swap significantly reduced the interest expense in 20062007 and 20052006 when the effective interest rate was 6.6%6.4% and 5.3%6.6%, respectively. However, if the LIBOR interest rate increases in the future, as it did during 2005 and 2006, the Company will incur higher interest expense in the future. The swap is designated as a fair value hedge under Statement of Financial Accounting Standards No. 133, “Accounting for Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activities” (“SFAS No. 133”). See “Item 7A. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risks.”133.

Share Repurchases

 

Under the Company’s stock repurchase program, the Company may purchase over a one-year period up to $200 million of Mercury General’s common stock. The purchases may be made from time to time in the open market at the discretion of management. The program will be funded by dividends received from the Company’s insurance subsidiaries that generate cash flow through the sale of lower yielding tax-exempt bonds and internal cash generation. Since the inception of the program in 1998, the Company has purchased 1,266,100 shares of common stock at an average price of $31.36. The purchased shares were retired. No stock has been purchased since 2000.

 

Capital Expenditures

The Company has no direct investment in real estate that it does not utilize for operations. In October 2007, the Company completed the acquisition of a 4.25 acre parcel of land in Brea, California. The purchase price of $7.5 million includes issuing a $4.5 million promissory note due in April 2009. The land is adjacent to the property currently owned by the Company and will be used for future expansion. Also in October 2007, the Company agreed to acquire an 88,300 square foot office building in Folsom, California for approximately $18.4 million. The Company intends to finance the transaction through a bank credit facility. The transaction is expected to close on

48


February 29, 2008. The building will be used to house the Company’s northern California employees when the existing lease expires on the building that they currently occupy.

The Company is in the process of implementing its NextGen computer system to replace its existing underwriting, billings, claims and commissions legacy systems. The NextGen system has been successfully implemented in Virginia, New York, Florida, and California. The Company expects to implement NextGen in the majority of its other states by the end of 2008. The total capital expenditure incurred on the NextGen project since it began in 2002 was approximately $40 million as of December 31, 2007. In 2006, the Company embarked on another information technology project, Internet Business Strategy (“IBS”). IBS will provide the Company’s agents and brokers with an improved ability to access resources relevant to writing and maintaining their book of business. It will also provide potential customers and existing customers with the ability to obtain a quote and self-services through the internet. IBS is planned to be rolled out in phases starting in the first quarter of 2008. The Company expects to complete the rollout by the end of 2008. The total capital expenditure incurred on the IBS project since it began in 2006 was approximately $20 million as of December 31, 2007. The development and implementation of these two projects are expected to provide a positive benefit to the Company for an extended future period.

Contractual Obligations

The Company has obligations to make future payments under contracts and credit-related financial instruments and commitments. At December 31, 2007, certain long-term aggregate contractual obligations and credit-related commitments are summarized as follows:

   Payments Due by Period

Contractual Obligations

  Total  Within 1 year  1-3 years  4-5 years  After 5 years
   (Amounts in thousands)

Debt (including interest)

  $162,324  $9,063  $22,625  $130,636  $—  

Lease obligations

   33,170   9,890   18,770   4,510   —  

Losses and loss adjustment expenses

   1,103,915   710,373   356,425   36,542   575
                    

Total Contractual Obligations

  $1,299,409  $729,326  $397,820  $171,688  $575
                    

Notes to Contractual Obligations Table:

The amount of interest included in the Company’s debt obligations was calculated using the fixed rate of 7.25% on the senior notes. The Company is party to an interest rate swap of its fixed rate obligations on its senior notes for a floating rate of six month LIBOR plus 107 basis points. Using the effective annual interest rate of 6.4% in 2007, the total contractual obligations on debt would be $158 million with $8 million due within 1 year, $20 million due between 1 and 3 years, and $130 million due in year 4.

The Company’s outstanding debt contains various terms, conditions and covenants which, if violated by the Company, would result in a default and could result in the acceleration of the Company’s payment obligations thereunder.

Unlike many other forms of contractual obligations, loss and loss adjustment expenses do not have definitive due dates and the ultimate payment dates are subject to a number of variables and uncertainties. As a result, the total loss and loss adjustment expense payments to be made by period, as shown above, are estimates.

The table excludes FIN No. 48 liabilities of $5 million related to uncertainty in tax settlements because the Company is unable to reasonably estimate the timing of related future payments.

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Regulatory Capital Requirement

The NAIC utilizes a risk-based capital formula for casualty insurance companies which establishes recommended minimum capital requirements that are compared to the Company’s actual capital level. The formula was designed to capture the widely varying elements of risks undertaken by writers of different lines of insurance having differing risk characteristics, as well as writers of similar lines where differences in risk may be related to corporate structure, investment policies, reinsurance arrangements and a number of other factors. The Company has calculated the risk-based capital requirements of each of the Insurance Companies as of December 31, 2006. Each2007. The policyholders’ statutory surplus of each of the Insurance Companies’ policyholders’ statutory surplusCompanies exceeded the highest level of minimum required capital.

The Company has no direct investment in real estate that it does not utilize for operations. In 2005, the Company completed the acquisitions of a 157,000 square foot office building in St. Petersburg, Florida and a 100,000 square foot office building in Oklahoma City, Oklahoma. These buildings house employees of the Company and several outside tenants. The purchase price of the Florida property included cash in the amount of $13.6 million and the assumption of a secured promissory note in the amount of $11.3 million. The Oklahoma property was acquired for approximately $7.0 million in cash.

The Company is implementing a Next Generation (“NextGen”) computer system to replace its existing underwriting, billings, claims and commissions legacy systems. The NextGen system has been successfully implemented in Virginia, New York, and Florida. The Company expects to implement NextGen in California in 2007 and the majority of its other states by the end of 2008. The Company has currently spent approximately $32 million on NextGen since 2002. During 2006, the Company embarked on another information technology project, Internet Business Strategy (“IBS”). IBS will provide the Company’s agents and brokers with an improved ability to access resources relevant to writing and maintaining their book of business. It will also provide customers and potential customers with the ability to obtain a quote and self-services through the internet. IBS is planned to be rolled out by phases starting in late 2007. The implementation costs of these two projects are well within the Company’s financial capacity and are expected to provide a positive benefit to the Company for an extended future period.

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The Company has obligations to make future payments under contracts and credit-related financial instruments and commitments. At December 31, 2006, certain long-term aggregate contractual obligations and credit-related commitments are summarized as follows:

   Payments Due by Period

Contractual Obligations

  Total  Within 1 year  1-3 years  4-5 years  After 5 years
   (Amounts in thousands)

Debt (including interest)

  $179,405  $9,865  $29,841  $139,699  $—  

Lease obligations

   24,172   8,874   13,653   1,645   —  

Losses and loss adjustment expenses

   1,088,822   705,004   341,464   34,598   7,756
                    

Total Contractual Obligations

  $1,292,399  $723,743  $384,958  $175,942  $7,756
                    

Notes to Contractual Obligations Table:

The amount of interest included in the Company’s debt obligations was calculated using the fixed rate of 7.25% on the senior notes and LIBOR plus 175 basis points or 7.13% at December 31, 2006 on its mortgage note. The Company is party to an interest rate swap of its fixed rate obligations on its senior notes for a floating rate of six month LIBOR plus 107 basis points. Using the effective annual interest rate of 6.6% in 2006, the total contractual obligations on debt would be $176 million with $9 million due within 1 year, $28 million due between 1 and 3 years, and $139 million due in years 4 and 5.

The Company’s outstanding debt contains various terms, conditions and covenants which, if violated by the Company, would result in a default and could result in the acceleration of the Company’s payment obligations thereunder.

Unlike many other forms of contractual obligations, loss and loss adjustment expenses do not have definitive due dates and the ultimate payment dates are subject to a number of variables and uncertainties. As a result, the total loss and loss adjustment expense payments to be made by period, as shown above, are estimates.

 

Industry and regulatory guidelines suggest that the ratio of a property and casualty insurer’s annual net premiums written to statutory policyholders’ surplus should not exceed 3.0 to 1. Based on the combined surplus of all of the Insurance Companies of $1,579.2$1,721.8 million at December 31, 2006,2007, and net premiums written of $3,044.8$2,982.0 million, the ratio of premium writings to surplus was 1.91.7 to 1.

 

Item 7A.    QuantitativeNew Accounting Standards

Effective January 1, 2007, the Company adopted Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) Interpretation No. 48, “Accounting for Uncertainty in Income Taxes—an interpretation of FASB Statement No. 109” (“FIN No. 48”). FIN No. 48 provides guidance on financial statement recognition and Qualitative Disclosuresmeasurement of a tax position taken or expected to be taken in a tax return related to uncertainties in income taxes. FIN No. 48 prescribes a “more-likely-than-not” recognition threshold that must be met before a tax benefit can be recognized in the financial statements. For a tax position that meets the recognition threshold, the largest amount of tax benefit that is greater than 50 percent likely of being realized upon ultimate settlement is recognized in the financial statements. FIN No. 48 also provides guidance on derecognition, classification, interest and penalties, accounting in interim periods, disclosure, and transition. The Company’s adoption of FIN No. 48 did not have a material impact on its consolidated financial statements.

Effective January 1, 2007, the Company adopted American Institute of Certified Public Accountants (“AICPA”) Statement of Position 05-1, “Accounting by Insurance Enterprises for Deferred Acquisition Costs in Connection with Modifications or Exchanges of Insurance Contracts” (“SOP 05-1”). SOP 05-1 provides accounting guidance for deferred policy acquisition costs associated with internal replacements of insurance and investment contracts other than those already described in SFAS No. 97, “Accounting and Reporting by Insurance Enterprises for Certain Long-Duration Contracts and for Realized Gains and Losses from the Sale of Investments” (“SFAS No. 97”). SOP 05-1 defines an internal replacement as a modification in product benefits, features, rights or coverages that occurs by the exchange of a contract for a new contract, or by amendment, endorsement or rider to a contract, or by the election of a feature or coverage within a contract. The provisions of SOP 05-1 are effective for internal replacements occurring in fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2006. The Company’s adoption of SOP 05-1 did not have a material impact on its consolidated financial statements.

Effective January 1, 2007, the Company adopted SFAS No. 155, “Accounting for Certain Hybrid Financial Instruments, an amendment of FASB Statements No. 133 and 140” (“SFAS No. 155”). The provisions of SFAS No. 155 are effective for all financial instruments acquired or issued after the beginning of the first fiscal year after September 15, 2006. SFAS No. 155 amends the accounting for hybrid financial instruments and eliminates the exclusion of beneficial interests in securitized financial assets from the guidance under SFAS No. 133, “Accounting for Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activities.” It also eliminates the prohibition on the type of derivative instruments that qualified special purpose entities may hold under SFAS No. 140, “Accounting for Transfers and Servicing of Financial Assets and Extinguishment of Liabilities.” Furthermore, SFAS No. 155 clarifies that concentrations of credit risk in the form of subordination are not embedded derivatives. The Company’s adoption of SFAS No. 155 did not have a material impact on its consolidated financial statements.

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In September 2006, the FASB issued SFAS No. 157, “Fair Value Measurements” (“SFAS No. 157”). SFAS No. 157 provides a single definition of fair value, together with a framework for measuring it, and requires additional disclosure about Market Risksthe use of fair value to measure assets and liabilities. SFAS No. 157 emphasizes that fair value is a market-based measurement, not an entity-specific measurement, and sets out a fair value hierarchy with the highest priority being quoted prices in active markets. SFAS No. 157 is effective for financial statements issued for fiscal years beginning after November 15, 2007, and interim periods within those fiscal years. The adoption of SFAS No. 157 is not expected to have a material impact on the Company’s consolidated financial statements.

In February 2007, the FASB issued SFAS No. 159, “The Fair Value Option for Financial Assets and Financial Liabilities—Including an Amendment of FASB Statement No. 115” (“SFAS No. 159”). SFAS No. 159 permits an entity to measure certain financial assets and financial liabilities at fair value. The main objective of SFAS No. 159 is to improve financial reporting by allowing entities to mitigate volatility in reported earnings caused by the measurement of related assets and liabilities using different attributes, without having to apply complex hedge accounting provisions. Entities that elect the fair value option will report unrealized gains and losses in earnings at each subsequent reporting date. SFAS No. 159 establishes presentation and disclosure requirements to help financial statement users understand the effect of the entity’s election on its earnings, but does not eliminate disclosure requirements of other accounting standards. SFAS No. 159 is effective as of the beginning of the first fiscal year that begins after November 15, 2007.

The Company adopted SFAS No. 159 as of the beginning of 2008 and elected to apply the fair value option to all short-term investments and all available-for-sale fixed maturity and equity securities existing at the time of adoption and similar securities acquired subsequently unless otherwise noted at the time when the eligible item is first recognized, including hybrid financial instruments with embedded derivatives that would otherwise need to be bifurcated. The primary reasons for electing the fair value option were simplification and cost-benefit considerations as well as expansion of use of fair value measurement consistent with the FASB’s long-term measurement objectives for accounting for financial instruments. As a result of adopting SFAS No. 159, a net unrealized gain of approximately $81 million, net of tax, related to available-for-sale securities was reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive income to retained earnings on January 1, 2008.

Item 7A.Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures about Market Risks

 

The Company is subject to various market risk exposures including interest rate risk and equity price risk. The following disclosure reflects estimates of future performance and economic conditions. Actual results may differ.

 

The Company invests its assets primarily in fixed maturity investments, which at December 31, 20062007 comprised approximately 83%80% of total investments at marketfair value. Tax-exempt bonds represent 80%85% of the fixed maturity investments with the remaining amount consisting of sinking fund preferred stocks and taxable bonds. Equity securities account for approximately 9%12% of total investments at marketfair value. The remaining 8% of the investment portfolio consists of highly liquid short-term investments which are primarily short-term money market funds.

 

The value of the fixed maturity portfolio is subject to interest rate risk. As market interest rates decrease, the value of the portfolio increases and vice versa. A common measure of the interest sensitivity of fixed maturity assets is modified duration, a calculation that utilizes maturity, coupon rate, yield and call terms to calculate an average age of the expected cash flows. The longer the duration, the more sensitive the asset is to market interest rate fluctuations.

 

50


The Company has historically invested in fixed maturity investments with a goal towards maximizing after-tax yields and holding assets to the maturity or call date. Since assets with longer maturity dates tend to produce higher current yields, the Company’s historical investment philosophy resulted in a portfolio with a moderate duration. Bond investments made by the Company typically have call options attached, which further reduce the duration of the asset as interest rates decline. The modified duration of the bond portfolio is 4.4 years at

51


December 31, 2007 compared to 4.0 years and 2.9 years at December 31, 2006 compared to 2.9 years and 3.2 years at December 31, 2005, and 2004, respectively. Given a hypothetical parallel increase of 100 basis points in interest rates, the fair value of the bond portfolio at December 31, 20062007 would decrease by approximately $117$140 million.

 

At December 31, 2006,2007, the Company’s strategyprimary objective for common equity investments is an active strategy whose primary objective is current income with a secondary objective of capital appreciation. The marketfair value of the equity investment consists of $268.7$400.6 million in common stocks and $49.7$27.7 million in non-sinking fund preferred stocks. The common stock equity assets are typically valued for future economic prospects as perceived by the market. The non-sinking fund preferred stocks are typically valued using credit spreads to U.S. Treasury benchmarks. This causes them to be comparable to fixed income securities in terms of interest rate risk.

 

At December 31, 2006,2007, the duration on the Company’s non-sinking fund preferred stock portfolio was 2.711.8 years. This implies that an upward parallel shift in the yield curve by 100 basis points would reduce the asset value at December 31, 20062007 by approximately $1.3$2.7 million, with all other factors remaining constant.

 

The common equity portfolio representingrepresents approximately 8%11% of total investments at market value, consists primarily of public utility and energy sector common stocks.fair value. Beta is a measure of a security’s systematic (non-diversifiable) risk, which is the percentage change in an individual security’s return for a 1% change in the return of the market. The average Beta for the Company’s common stock holdings was 1.21.1.10. Based on a hypothetical 20% reduction in the overall value of the stock market, the fair value of the common stock portfolio would decrease by approximately $60$86 million.

 

Effective January 2, 2002, the Company entered into an interest rate swap of its fixed rate obligation on its $125 million fixed 7.25% rate senior notes for a floating rate. The interest rate swap has the effect of hedging the fair value of the senior notes.

 

New Accounting Standards

Effective January 1, 2006, the Company adopted Statement of Financial Accounting Standards No. 123 (revised 2004), “Share-Based Payment” (“SFAS No. 123R”), using the modified prospective transition method and therefore has not restated results from prior periods. Under this transition method, share-based compensation expense for 2006 includes compensation expense for all share-based compensation awards granted prior to, but not yet vested as of, January 1, 2006, based on the grant-date fair value estimated in accordance with the original provisions of Statement of Financial Accounting Standards No. 123, “Accounting for Stock-Based Compensation.” Share-based compensation expense for all share-based payment awards granted or modified on or after January 1, 2006 is based on the grant-date fair value estimated in accordance with the provisions of SFAS No. 123R. The Company recognizes these compensation costs on a straight-line basis over the requisite service period of the award, which is the option vesting term of generally five years, for only those shares expected to vest. The fair value of stock option awards was estimated using the Black-Scholes option pricing model with the grant-date assumptions and weighted-average fair values.

In July 2006, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) issued FASB Interpretation No. 48, “Accounting for Uncertainty in Income Taxes—an interpretation of FASB Statement No. 109” (“FIN No. 48”). This Interpretation provides guidance on financial statement recognition and measurement of a tax position taken or expected to be taken in a tax return related to uncertainties in income taxes. The Interpretation prescribes a “more-likely-than-not” recognition threshold that must be met before a tax benefit can be recognized in the financial statements. For a tax position that meets the recognition threshold, the largest amount of tax benefit that is greater

51


than 50 percent likely of being realized upon ultimate settlement is recognized in the financial statements. The Interpretation also provides guidance on derecognition, classification, interest and penalties, accounting in interim periods, disclosure, and transition. FIN No. 48 becomes effective January 1, 2007 for the Company. The adoption of FIN No. 48 will not have a material impact on the consolidated financial statements of the Company.

In September 2006, the FASB issued Statement of Financial Accounting Standards No. 157, “Fair Value Measurements” (“SFAS No. 157”). SFAS No. 157 provides a single definition of and framework for measuring fair value, and requires additional disclosure about the use of fair value to measure assets and liabilities. SFAS No. 157 emphasizes that fair value is a market-based measurement, not an entity-specific measurement, and sets out a fair value hierarchy with the highest priority being quoted prices in active markets. SFAS No. 157 is effective for financial statements issued for fiscal years beginning after November 15, 2007, and interim periods within those fiscal years. The Company is currently assessing the impact of adopting SFAS No. 157 on its consolidated financial statements.

In September 2006, the SEC issued Staff Accounting Bulletin No. 108, “Considering the Effects of Prior Year Misstatements when Quantifying Misstatements in Current Year Financial Statements” (“SAB 108”) in order to eliminate the diversity of practice in the process by which misstatements are quantified for purposes of assessing materiality on the financial statements. SAB 108 establishes a single quantification framework wherein the significance measurement is based on the effects of the misstatements on each of the financial statements as well as the related financial statement disclosures. If a company’s existing methods for assessing the materiality of misstatements are not in compliance with the provisions of SAB 108, the initial application of the provisions may be adopted by restating prior period financial statements under certain circumstances or otherwise by recording the cumulative effect of initially applying the provisions of SAB 108 as adjustments to the carrying values of assets and liabilities as of January 1, 2006 with an offsetting adjustment recorded to the opening balance of retained earnings. The provisions of SAB 108 must be applied no later than the annual financial statements issued for the first fiscal year ending after November 15, 2006. The Company’s adoption of SAB 108 did not have an effect on its results of operations or financial position.

In October 2005, the American Institute of Certified Public Accountants (“AICPA”) issued Statement of Position 05-1, “Accounting by Insurance Enterprises for Deferred Acquisition Costs in Connection with Modifications or Exchanges of Insurance Contracts” (“SOP 05-1”). SOP 05-1 provides accounting guidance for deferred policy acquisition costs associated with internal replacements of insurance and investment contracts other than those already described in SFAS No. 97, “Accounting and Reporting by Insurance Enterprises for Certain Long-Duration Contracts and for Realized Gains and Losses from the Sale of Investments.” SOP 05-1 defines an internal replacement as a modification in product benefits, features, rights or coverages that occurs by the exchange of a contract for a new contract, or by amendment, endorsement or rider to a contract, or by the election of a feature or coverage within a contract. The provisions of SOP 05-1 are effective for internal replacements occurring in fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2006. The Company is currently assessing the impact of SOP 05-1 on its results of operations and financial position. The Company does not expect the impact of the adoption to have a material effect on its results of operations or financial position.

In February 2006, the FASB issued Statement of Financial Accounting Standards No. 155, “Accounting for Certain Hybrid Financial Instruments, an amendment of FASB Statements No. 133 and 140” (“SFAS No. 155”). The provisions of SFAS No. 155 are effective for all financial instruments acquired or issued after the beginning of the first fiscal year after September 15, 2006. SFAS No. 155 amends the accounting for hybrid financial instruments and eliminates the exclusion of beneficial interests in securitized financial assets from the guidance under SFAS No. 133. It also eliminates the prohibition on the type of derivative instruments that qualified special purpose entities may hold under SFAS No. 140. Furthermore, SFAS No. 155 clarifies that concentrations of credit risk in the form of subordination are not embedded derivatives. The Company is currently assessing the impact of adopting SFAS No. 155 on its consolidated financial statements.

52


Forward-looking statements

 

Certain statements in this report on Form 10-K or in other materials we havethe Company has filed or will file with the SEC (as well as information included in oral statements or other written statements made or to be made by us) contain or may contain “forward-looking statements” within the meaning of Section 27A of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, and Section 21E of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended. These forward-looking statements may address, among other things, ourthe Company’s strategy for growth, business development, regulatory approvals, market position, expenditures, financial results and reserves. Forward-looking statements are not guarantees of performance and are subject to important factors and events that could cause ourthe Company’s actual business, prospects and results of operations to differ materially from the historical information contained in this Form 10-K and from those that may be expressed or implied by the forward-looking statements contained in the this Form 10-K and in other reports or public statements made by us.

 

Factors that could cause or contribute to such differences include, among others: the competition currently existing in the California automobile insurance markets, ourthe Company’s success in expanding ourits business in states outside of California, the impact of potential third party “bad-faith” legislation, changes in laws or regulations, the outcome of tax position challenges by the California FTB, and decisions of courts, regulators and governmental bodies, particularly in California, ourthe Company’s ability to obtain and the timing of the approval of the California DOI for premium rate changes for private passenger automobile policies issued in California and similar rate approvals in other states where we dothe Company does business, the level of investment yields we arethe Company is able to obtain with ourits investments in comparison to recent yields and the market risk associated with ourits investment portfolio, the cyclical and general competitive nature of the property and casualty insurance industry and general uncertainties regarding loss reserve or other estimates, the accuracy and adequacy of ourthe Company’s pricing methodologies, uncertainties related to assumptions and projections generally, inflation and changes in economic conditions, changes in driving patterns and loss trends, acts of war and terrorist activities, court decisions and trends in litigation and health care and auto repair costs, and other uncertainties, and all of which are difficult to predict and many of which are beyond ourthe Company’s control. GAAP prescribes when we may reservereserves for particular risks including

52


litigation exposures.exposures may be established. Accordingly, results for a given reporting period could be significantly affected if and when a reserve is established for a major contingency. Reported results may therefore appear to be volatile in certain periods.

 

From time to time, forward-looking statements are also included in ourthe Company’s quarterly reports on Form 10-Q and current reports on Form 8-K, in press releases, in presentations, on ourits web site and in other materials released to the public. We undertakeThe Company undertakes no obligation to publicly update any forward-looking statements, whether as a result of new information or future events or otherwise. Investors are cautioned not to place undue reliance on any forward-looking statements, which speak only as of the date of this Form 10-K or, in the case of any document we incorporateincorporated by reference, any other report we filefiled with the SEC or any other public statement made by us, the date of the document, report or statement. Investors should also understand that it is not possible to predict or identify all factors and should not consider the risks set forth above to be a complete statement of all potential risks and uncertainties. If the expectations or assumptions underlying ourthe Company’s forward-looking statements prove inaccurate or if risks or uncertainties arise, actual results could differ materially from those predicted in any forward-looking statements. The factors identified above are believed to be some, but not all, of the important factors that could cause actual events and results to be significantly different from those that may be expressed or implied in any forward-looking statements. Any forward-looking statements should also be considered in light of the information provided in “Item 1A. Risk Factors.”

 

53


Quarterly DataFinancial Information

 

Summarized quarterly financial data for 20062007 and 20052006 is as follows (in thousands except per share data):

 

  Quarter Ended  Quarter Ended
  March 31  June 30  Sept. 30  Dec. 31

2007

        

Earned premiums

  $755,752  $754,076  $748,798  $735,251

Income before income taxes

  $81,499  $95,117  $83,675  $54,745

Net income

  $60,453  $69,509  $63,278  $44,592

Basic earnings per share

  $1.11  $1.27  $1.16  $0.81

Diluted earnings per share

  $1.10  $1.27  $1.15  $0.81

Dividends declared per share

  $0.52  $0.52  $0.52  $0.52
  March 31  June 30  Sept. 30  Dec. 31

2006

                

Earned premiums

  $736,680  $753,350  $753,122  $753,871  $736,680  $753,350  $753,122  $753,871

Income before income taxes

  $105,214  $49,558  $91,419  $66,218  $105,214  $49,558  $91,419  $66,218

Net income

  $58,646  $37,812  $68,227  $50,132  $58,646  $37,812  $68,227  $50,132

Basic earnings per share

  $1.07  $0.69  $1.25  $0.89  $1.07  $0.69  $1.25  $0.92

Diluted earnings per share

  $1.07  $0.69  $1.25  $0.92  $1.07  $0.69  $1.25  $0.91

Dividends declared per share

  $0.48  $0.48  $0.48  $0.48  $0.48  $0.48  $0.48  $0.48

2005

        

Earned premiums

  $684,714  $707,261  $722,899  $732,859

Income before income taxes

  $83,845  $103,649  $104,169  $60,976

Net income

  $60,424  $73,602  $73,014  $46,219

Basic earnings per share

  $1.11  $1.35  $1.34  $0.85

Diluted earnings per share

  $1.10  $1.35  $1.33  $0.84

Dividends declared per share

  $0.43  $0.43  $0.43  $0.43

 

Quarterly results can be affected by many factors including development on loss reserves, catastrophes, realized gains and losses related to the timing of the sale or write-down of investments and the establishment of liabilities for loss contingencies that meet probability thresholds as required by GAAP. Net income in the fourth quarter of 2007 includes approximately $23 million ($15 million after tax benefit) in losses resulting from the October 2007 Southern California fire storms. For the quarter ended June 30, 2006, net income was negatively impacted by adverse loss reserve development of $35 million recorded primarily for the Company’s Florida and New Jersey automobile lines of business. (See “Critical Accounting Policies – Reserves.”) For the quarter ended December 31, 2005, net income was negatively impactedbusiness, partially offset by approximately $16positive development of $15 million net of tax benefit, from losses caused by Hurricane Wilma that struck Florida on October 24, 2005. The Company was not materially affected by any significant catastrophesfor business written in 2006.California.

 

5453


Item 8.    Financial Statements and Supplementary Data

 

INDEX TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

 

   Page

Reports of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm

  5655

Consolidated Financial Statements:

  

Consolidated Balance Sheets as of December 31, 20062007 and 20052006

  5857

Consolidated Statements of Income for Each of the Years in the Three-Year Period Ended December 31, 20062007

  5958

Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income for Each of the Years in the Three-Year Period Ended December 31, 20062007

  6059

Consolidated Statements of Shareholders’ Equity for Each of the Years in the Three-Year Period Ended December 31, 20062007

  6160

Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows for Each of the Years in the Three-Year Period Ended December 31, 20062007

  6261

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements

  6362

 

5554


REPORT OF INDEPENDENT REGISTERED PUBLIC ACCOUNTING FIRM

 

The Board of Directors

Mercury General Corporation:

 

We have audited the accompanying consolidated balance sheets of Mercury General Corporation and subsidiaries as of December 31, 20062007 and 2005,2006, and the related consolidated statements of income, comprehensive income, shareholders’ equity, and cash flows for each of the years in the three-year period ended December 31, 2006.2007. These consolidated financial statements are the responsibility of the Company’s management. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on these consolidated financial statements based on our audits.

 

We conducted our audits in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States). Those standards require that we plan and perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the financial statements are free of material misstatement. An audit includes examining, on a test basis, evidence supporting the amounts and disclosures in the financial statements. An audit also includes assessing the accounting principles used and significant estimates made by management, as well as evaluating the overall financial statement presentation. We believe that our audits provide a reasonable basis for our opinion.

 

In our opinion, the consolidated financial statements referred to above present fairly, in all material respects, the financial position of Mercury General Corporation and subsidiaries as of December 31, 20062007 and 2005,2006, and the results of their operations and their cash flows for each of the years in the three-year period ended December 31, 2006,2007, in conformity with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles.

 

We also have audited, in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States), the effectiveness of Mercury General Corporation’s internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2006,2007, based on criteria established inInternal Control – Control—Integrated Frameworkissued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission (COSO), and our report dated February 26, 200725, 2008 expressed an unqualified opinion on management’s assessmentthe effectiveness of Mercury General Corporation and the effective operation of,subsidiaries’ internal control over financial reporting.

 

/s/    KPMG LLP

 

Los Angeles, CaliforniaCA

February 26, 200725, 2008

 

56

55


REPORT OF INDEPENDENT REGISTERED PUBLIC ACCOUNTING FIRM

 

The Board of Directors

Mercury General Corporation:

 

We have audited management’s assessment, included in the accompanyingManagement’s Report on Internal Control over Financial Reporting as set forth in Item 9A, that Mercury General Corporation maintained effectiveCorporation’s internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2006,2007, based on criteria established inInternal Control—Integrated Framework issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission (COSO).Mercury General Corporation’s management is responsible for maintaining effective internal control over financial reporting and for its assessment of the effectiveness of internal control over financial reporting.reporting, included in the accompanying Management’s Report on Internal Control over Financial Reporting. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on management’s assessment and an opinion on the effectiveness of Mercury General Corporation’sCompany’s internal control over financial reporting based on our audit.

 

We conducted our audit in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States). Those standards require that we plan and perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether effective internal control over financial reporting was maintained in all material respects. Our audit included obtaining an understanding of internal control over financial reporting, evaluating management’s assessment,assessing the risk that a material weakness exists, and testing and evaluating the design and operating effectiveness of internal control andbased on the assessed risk. Our audit also included performing such other procedures as we considered necessary in the circumstances. We believe that our audit provides a reasonable basis for our opinion.

 

A company’s internal control over financial reporting is a process designed to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles. A company’s internal control over financial reporting includes those policies and procedures that (1) pertain to the maintenance of records that, in reasonable detail, accurately and fairly reflect the transactions and dispositions of the assets of the company; (2) provide reasonable assurance that transactions are recorded as necessary to permit preparation of financial statements in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles, and that receipts and expenditures of the company are being made only in accordance with authorizations of management and directors of the company; and (3) provide reasonable assurance regarding prevention or timely detection of unauthorized acquisition, use, or disposition of the company’s assets that could have a material effect on the financial statements.

 

Because of its inherent limitations, internal control over financial reporting may not prevent or detect misstatements. Also, projections of any evaluation of effectiveness to future periods are subject to the risk that controls may become inadequate because of changes in conditions, or that the degree of compliance with the policies or procedures may deteriorate.

 

In our opinion, management’s assessment that Mercury General Corporation maintained effective internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2006, is fairly stated, in all material respects, based on criteria established in Internal Control—Integrated Frameworkissued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission (COSO). Also, in our opinion, Mercury General Corporation maintained, in all material respects, effective internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2006,2007, based on criteria established inInternal Control—Integrated Frameworkissued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission (COSO).Commission.

 

We also have audited, in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States), the consolidated balance sheets of Mercury General Corporation and subsidiaries as of December 31, 20062007 and 2005,2006, and the related consolidated statements of income, comprehensive income, shareholders’ equity, and cash flows for each of the years in the three-year period ended December 31, 2006,2007, and our report dated February 26, 200725, 2008 expressed an unqualified opinion on those consolidated financial statements.statements.

 

/s/    KPMG LLP

 

Los Angeles, California

February 26, 200725, 2008

 

57

56


MERCURY GENERAL CORPORATION

AND SUBSIDIARIES

 

CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS

 

December 31,

Amounts expressed in thousands, except share data

 

ASSETS

            
  2006  2005  2007  2006

Investments:

        

Fixed maturities available for sale (amortized cost $2,851,715 in 2006 and $2,593,745 in 2005)

  $2,898,987  $2,645,555

Equity securities available for sale (cost $258,310 in 2006 and $225,310 in 2005)

   318,449   276,108

Short-term cash investments, at cost, which approximates Market

   282,302   321,049

Fixed maturities available for sale, at fair value (amortized cost $2,860,455 in 2007 and $2,851,715 in 2006) (includes hybrid financial instruments: $31,770 in 2007)

  $2,887,760  $2,898,987

Equity securities available for sale, at fair value (cost $317,869 in 2007 and $258,310 in 2006)

   413,123   318,449

Equity securities trading, at fair value (cost $13,126 in 2007)

   15,114   —  

Short-term investments, at cost, which approximates fair value

   272,678   282,302
            

Total investments

   3,499,738   3,242,712   3,588,675   3,499,738

Cash

   47,606   69,784   48,245   47,606

Receivables:

        

Premiums receivable

   298,772   284,783   294,663   298,772

Premium notes

   29,613   27,002   27,577   29,613

Accrued investment income

   34,307   33,051   36,436   34,307

Other

   10,085   19,724   9,010   10,085
            

Total receivables

   372,777   364,560   367,686   372,777

Deferred policy acquisition costs

   209,783   197,943   209,805   209,783

Current income taxes

   —     11,219

Fixed assets, net

   152,260   136,779   172,357   152,260

Other assets

   18,898   27,871   27,728   18,898
            

Total assets

  $4,301,062  $4,050,868  $4,414,496  $4,301,062
            

LIABILITIES AND SHAREHOLDERS’ EQUITY

            

Losses and loss adjustment expenses

  $1,088,822  $1,022,603  $1,103,915  $1,088,822

Unearned premiums

   950,344   902,567   938,370   950,344

Notes payable

   141,554   143,540   138,562   141,554

Accounts payable and accrued expenses

   137,194   137,661   125,755   137,194

Current income taxes

   18,241   —     3,150   18,241

Deferred income taxes

   33,608   37,456   30,852   33,608

Other liabilities

   207,169   199,204   211,894   207,169
            

Total liabilities

   2,576,932   2,443,031   2,552,498   2,576,932
            

Commitments and contingencies Shareholders’ equity:

        

Common stock without par value or stated value:

        

Authorized 70,000,000 shares; issued and outstanding 54,669,606 shares in 2006 and 54,605,406 in 2005

   66,436   63,103

Authorized 70,000,000 shares; issued and outstanding 54,729,913 shares in 2007 and 54,669,606 in 2006

   69,369   66,436

Accumulated other comprehensive income

   69,652   66,549   80,557   69,652

Retained earnings

   1,588,042   1,478,185   1,712,072   1,588,042
            

Total shareholders’ equity

   1,724,130   1,607,837   1,861,998   1,724,130
            

Total liabilities and shareholders’ equity

  $4,301,062  $4,050,868  $4,414,496  $4,301,062
            

 

See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements.

 

58

57


MERCURY GENERAL CORPORATION

AND SUBSIDIARIES

 

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF INCOME

 

Years ended December 31,

Amounts expressed in thousands, except per share data

 

  2006  2005  2004  2007  2006  2005

Revenues:

            

Earned premiums

  $2,997,023  $2,847,733  $2,528,636  $2,993,877  $2,997,023  $2,847,733

Net investment income

   151,099   122,582   109,681   158,911   151,099   122,582

Net realized investment gains

   15,436   16,160   25,065   20,808   15,436   16,160

Other

   5,185   5,438   4,775   5,154   5,185   5,438
                  

Total revenues

   3,168,743   2,991,913   2,668,157   3,178,750   3,168,743   2,991,913
                  

Expenses:

            

Losses and loss adjustment expenses

   2,021,646   1,862,936   1,582,254   2,036,644   2,021,646   1,862,936

Policy acquisition costs

   648,945   618,915   562,553   659,671   648,945   618,915

Other operating expenses

   176,563   150,201   111,285   158,810   176,563   150,201

Interest

   9,180   7,222   4,222   8,589   9,180   7,222
                  

Total expenses

   2,856,334   2,639,274   2,260,314   2,863,714   2,856,334   2,639,274
                  

Income before income taxes

   312,409   352,639   407,843   315,036   312,409   352,639

Income tax expense

   97,592   99,380   121,635   77,204   97,592   99,380
                  

Net income

  $214,817  $253,259  $286,208  $237,832  $214,817  $253,259
                  

Basic earnings per share

  $3.93  $4.64  $5.25  $4.35  $3.93  $4.64
                  

Diluted earnings per share

  $3.92  $4.63  $5.24  $4.34  $3.92  $4.63
                  

 

See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements.

 

59

58


MERCURY GENERAL CORPORATION

AND SUBSIDIARIES

 

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF COMPREHENSIVE INCOME

 

Years ended December 31,

Amounts expressed in thousands

 

  2006 2005 2004   2007 2006 2005 

Net income

  $214,817  $253,259  $286,208   $237,832  $214,817  $253,259 

Other comprehensive income (loss), before tax:

        

Unrealized gains (losses) on securities:

        

Unrealized holding gains (losses) arising during period

   12,144   (10,687)  14,127    25,583   12,144   (10,687)

Less: reclassification adjustment for net gains included in net income

   (7,373)  (10,868)  (20,701)   (8,800)  (7,373)  (10,868)
                    

Other comprehensive income (loss), before tax

   4,771   (21,555)  (6,574)   16,783   4,771   (21,555)

Income tax expense (benefit) related to unrealized holding gains (losses) arising during period

   4,248   (3,751)  4,955    8,958   4,248   (3,751)

Income tax benefit related to reclassification adjustment for net gains included in net income

   (2,580)  (3,804)  (7,245)   (3,080)  (2,580)  (3,804)
                    

Comprehensive income, net of tax

  $217,920  $239,259  $281,924   $248,737  $217,920  $239,259 
                    

 

See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements.

 

60

59


MERCURY GENERAL CORPORATION

AND SUBSIDIARIES

 

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF SHAREHOLDERS’ EQUITY

 

Years ended December 31,

 

Amounts expressed in thousands

 

  2006 2005 2004   2007 2006 2005 

Common stock, beginning of year

  $63,103  $60,206  $57,453   $66,436  $63,103  $60,206 

Proceeds of stock options exercised

   1,943   2,394   2,188    2,173   1,943   2,394 

Share-based compensation expense

   885   —     —      487   885   —   

Tax benefit on sales of incentive stock options

   505   503   565    273   505   503 
                    

Common stock, end of year

   66,436   63,103   60,206    69,369   66,436   63,103 
                    

Accumulated other comprehensive income, beginning of year

   66,549   80,549   84,833    69,652   66,549   80,549 

Net increase (decrease) in other comprehensive income, net of tax

   3,103   (14,000)  (4,284)   10,905   3,103   (14,000)
                    

Accumulated other comprehensive income, end of year

   69,652   66,549   80,549    80,557   69,652   66,549 
                    

Retained earnings, beginning of year

   1,478,185   1,318,793   1,113,217    1,588,042   1,478,185   1,318,793 

Net income

   214,817   253,259   286,208    237,832   214,817   253,259 

Dividends paid to shareholders

   (104,960)  (93,867)  (80,632)   (113,802)  (104,960)  (93,867)
                    

Retained earnings, end of year

   1,588,042   1,478,185   1,318,793    1,712,072   1,588,042   1,478,185 
                    

Total shareholders’ equity

  $1,724,130  $1,607,837  $1,459,548   $1,861,998  $1,724,130  $1,607,837 
                    

 

See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements.

 

61

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MERCURY GENERAL CORPORATION

AND SUBSIDIARIES

 

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS

 

Years Ended December 31,

 

Amounts expressed in thousands

 

   2006  2005  2004 

Cash flows from operating activities:

    

Net income

  $214,817  $253,259  $286,208 

Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash provided by operating activities:

    

Depreciation

   24,262   18,781   16,192 

Net realized investment gains

   (15,436)  (16,160)  (25,065)

Bond amortization, net

   4,701   11,814   7,797 

Excess tax benefit from exercise of stock options

   (505)  —     —   

Increase in premiums receivable

   (13,989)  (14,741)  (39,812)

Increase in premium notes receivable

   (2,611)  (3,300)  (1,082)

Increase in deferred policy acquisition costs

   (11,840)  (23,103)  (27,889)

Increase in unpaid losses and loss adjustment expenses

   66,219   121,859   102,817 

Increase in unearned premiums

   47,777   102,888   117,934 

Increase (decrease) in accrued income taxes payable, excluding deferred tax on change in unrealized gain

   24,435   (6,443)  13,698 

(Decrease) increase in accounts payable and accrued expenses

   (467)  (1,175)  39,447 

Share-based compensation

   886   —     —   

Other, net

   23,692   57,918   (46,073)
             

Net cash provided by operating activities

   361,941   501,597   444,172 

Cash flows from investing activities:

    

Fixed maturities available for sale:

    

Purchases

   (2,701,195)  (1,787,879)  (1,076,940)

Sales

   1,912,718   937,481   396,815 

Calls or maturities

   522,193   409,520   363,372 

Equity securities available for sale:

    

Purchases

   (429,564)  (406,974)  (247,401)

Sales

   404,730   401,016   278,346 

Decrease (increase) in receivable for securities

   3,067   (1,070)  (716)

Decrease (increase) in short-term cash investments

   38,747   100,320   (91,557)

Purchase of fixed assets

   (40,644)  (42,211)  (26,185)

Sale of fixed assets

   529   1,211   797 

Other, net

   7,812   8,958   6,768 
             

Net cash used in investing activities

   (281,607)  (379,628)  (396,701)

Cash flows from financing activities:

    

Dividends paid to shareholders

   (104,960)  (93,867)  (80,632)

Excess tax benefit from exercise of stock options

   505   —     —   

Proceeds from stock options exercised

   1,943   2,394   2,188 
             

Net cash used in financing activities

   (102,512)  (91,473)  (78,444)
             

Net increase (decrease) in cash

   (22,178)  30,496   (30,973)

Cash:

    

Beginning of the year

   69,784   39,288   70,261 
             

End of the year

  $47,606  $69,784  $39,288 
             

   2007  2006  2005 

Cash flows from operating activities:

    

Net income

  $237,832  $214,817  $253,259 

Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash provided by operating activities:

    

Depreciation and amortization

   26,324   24,262   18,781 

Net realized investment gains

   (20,808)  (15,436)  (16,160)

Bond amortization, net

   7,414   4,701   11,814 

Excess tax benefit from exercise of stock options

   (273)  (505)  —   

Decrease (increase) in premiums receivable

   4,109   (13,989)  (14,741)

Decrease (increase) in premium notes receivable

   2,036   (2,611)  (3,300)

Increase in deferred policy acquisition costs

   (22)  (11,840)  (23,103)

Increase in unpaid losses and loss adjustment expenses

   15,093   66,219   121,859 

(Decrease) increase in unearned premiums

   (11,974)  47,777   102,888 

(Decrease) increase in accrued income taxes payable, excluding deferred tax on change in unrealized gain

   (21,817)  24,435   (6,443)

Decrease in accounts payable and accrued expenses

   (11,439)  (467)  (1,175)

Net increase in trading securities

   (10,101)  —     —   

Share-based compensation

   487   886   —   

Other, net

   (740)  24,947   62,114 
             

Net cash provided by operating activities

   216,121   363,196   505,793 

Cash flows from investing activities:

    

Fixed maturities available for sale:

    

Purchases

   (1,782,206)  (2,701,195)  (1,787,879)

Sales

   1,442,863   1,912,718   937,481 

Calls or maturities

   311,714   522,193   409,520 

Equity securities available for sale:

    

Purchases

   (578,573)  (429,564)  (406,974)

Sales

   546,314   404,730   401,016 

(Decrease) increase in payable for securities, net

   (5,141)  949   250 

Net decrease in short-term investments

   9,624   38,747   100,320 

Purchase of fixed assets

   (42,036)  (40,644)  (42,211)

Sale of fixed assets

   1,110   529   1,211 

Other, net

   3,455   8,675   3,442 
             

Net cash used in investing activities

   (92,876)  (282,862)  (383,824)

Cash flows from financing activities:

    

Dividends paid to shareholders

   (113,802)  (104,960)  (93,867)

Excess tax benefit from exercise of stock options

   273   505   —   

Mortgage loan pay-off

   (11,250)  —     —   

Proceeds from stock options exercised

   2,173   1,943   2,394 
             

Net cash used in financing activities

   (122,606)  (102,512)  (91,473)
             

Net increase (decrease) in cash

   639   (22,178)  30,496 

Cash:

    

Beginning of the year

   47,606   69,784   39,288 
             

End of the year

  $48,245  $47,606  $69,784 
             

 

See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements.

 

62

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MERCURY GENERAL CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES

 

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

 

December 31, 20062007 and 20052006

 

(1)    Significant Accounting Policies

 

Principles of Consolidation and Presentation

 

The Company operates primarily as a private passenger automobile insurer selling policies through a network of independent agents and brokers in thirteen states. The Company also offers homeowners insurance, commercial automobile and property insurance, mechanical breakdown insurance, commercial and dwelling fire insurance and umbrella insurance. The private passenger automobile lines of insurance exceeded 84%83% of the Company’s net premiums written in 2007, 2006 2005 and 2004,2005, with approximately 75%79%, 73%75% and 76%73% of the private passenger automobile premiums written in the state of California during 2007, 2006 2005 and 2004,2005, respectively.

 

The consolidated financial statements include the accounts of Mercury General Corporation (the “Company”) and its wholly-owned subsidiaries, Mercury Casualty Company, Mercury Insurance Company, California Automobile Insurance Company, California General Underwriters Insurance Company, Inc., Mercury Insurance Company of Georgia, Mercury Insurance Company of Illinois, Mercury Insurance Company of Florida, Mercury Indemnity Company of Georgia, Mercury National Insurance Company, Mercury Indemnity Company of America, Mercury Insurance Services, LLC (“MISLLC”), American Mercury Insurance Company (“AMI”), Mercury Select Management Company, Inc. (“MSMC”), American Mercury Lloyds Insurance Company (“AML”) and Mercury County Mutual Insurance Company (“MCM”). American Mercury MGA, Inc. (“AMMGA”), is a wholly-owned subsidiary of AMI. AML is not owned by the Company, but is controlled by the Company through its attorney-in-fact, MSMC. MCM is not owned by the Company, but is controlled through a management contract and therefore its results are included in the consolidated financial statements. The consolidated financial statements also include Concord Insurance Services, Inc. (“Concord”), a Texas insurance agency owned by the Company. All of the subsidiaries as a group, including AML and MCM, but excluding MSMC, AMMGA, and MISLLC, are referred to as the Insurance Companies. The consolidated financial statements have been prepared in conformity with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles (“GAAP”), which differ in some respects from those filed in reports to insurance regulatory authorities. All significant intercompany balances and transactions have been eliminated.

 

The preparation of financial statements in conformity with GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosures of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements and the reported amounts of revenue and expenses during the reporting period. The most significant assumptions in the preparation of these consolidated financial statements relate to loss and loss adjustment expenses. Actual results could differ from those estimates.

 

Investments

 

Fixed maturities available-for-sale include those securities that management intends to hold for indefinite periods, but which may be sold in response to changes in interest rates, tax planning considerations or other aspects of asset/liability management. Fixed maturities available-for-sale, which include bonds and sinking fund preferred stocks, are carried at market.fair value. Investments in equity securities, which include common stocks and non-redeemable preferred stocks, are carried at market.fair value. Short-term cash investments are carried at cost, which approximates market.fair value.

 

In most cases,With limited exceptions, the market valuations were drawn from standard trade data sources. In no case was any valuation made by the Company’s management.management using models. Fixed maturities are amortized using first call date and are adjusted for anticipated prepayments. Mortgage-backed securities at amortized cost are adjusted for anticipated prepayment using the prospective method. Equity holdings, including non-sinking fund preferred stocks, are, with minor exceptions, actively traded on national exchanges and were valued at the last transaction price on the balance sheet date.

 

63

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MERCURY GENERAL CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES

 

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS—(Continued)

 

December 31, 20062007 and 20052006

 

Temporary unrealized investment gains and losses on securitiesfor investments available for sale, except for those accounted for under Statement of Financial Accounting Standards (“SFAS”) No. 133, “Accounting for Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activities” (“SFAS No. 133”) and SFAS No. 155, “Accounting for Certain Hybrid Financial Instruments, an amendment of SFAS No. 133 and SFAS No. 140” (“SFAS No. 155”), are credited or charged directly to shareholders’ equity as part of accumulated other comprehensive income (loss), net of applicable tax effects.taxes. Changes in fair value for those investments accounted for under SFAS No. 133 and SFAS No. 155, as well as for trading securities accounted for under SFAS No. 115, “Accounting for Certain Investments in Debt and Equity Securities” (“SFAS No. 115”), are reflected in net realized gains or losses in the consolidated statements of income. When a decline in value of fixed maturities or equity securities is considered other than temporary, a loss is recognized in the consolidated statements of income. Realized capital gains and losses are included in the consolidated statements of income based upon the specific identification method.

 

The Company writes covered call options through listed and over-the-counter exchanges. When the Company writes an option, an amount equal to the premium received by the Company is recorded as a liability and is subsequently adjusted to the current fair value of the option written. Premiums received from writing options that expire unexercised are treated by the Company on the expiration date as realized gains from investments. If a call option is exercised, the premium is added to the proceeds from the sale of the underlying security or currency in determining whether the Company has realized a gain or loss. The Company, as writer of an option, bears the market risk of an unfavorable change in the price of the security underlying the written option.

 

Fair Value of Financial Instruments

 

Under Statement of Financial Accounting StandardsSFAS No. 115, “Accounting for Certain Investments in Debt and Equity Securities,” the Company categorizes all of its investments in debt securities and the majority of equity securities as available-for-sale. The remaining equity securities are categorized as trading. Accordingly, all investments, including cash and short-term cash investments, are carried on the balance sheet at their fair value. The carrying amounts and fair values for investment securities are disclosed in Note 2 of the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements and were drawn from standard trade data sources such as market and broker quotes. The carrying value of receivables, accounts payable and accrued expenses and other liabilities is equivalent to the estimated fair value of those items.

 

Premium Income Recognition

 

Insurance premiums are recognized as income ratably over the term of the policies, that is, in proportion to the amount of insurance protection provided. Unearned premiums are computed on a monthly pro rata basis. Unearned premiums are stated gross of reinsurance deductions, with the reinsurance deduction recorded in other assets and other receivables. Net premiums of $2.98 billion, $3.04 billion, $2.95 billion, and $2.65$2.95 billion were written in 2007, 2006 2005 and 2004,2005, respectively.

 

One broker produced direct premiums written of approximately 13%14%, 14%13% and 14% of the Company’s total direct premiums written during 2007, 2006 2005 and 2004,2005, respectively. No other agent or broker accounted for more than 2% of direct premiums written.

 

Premium Notes

 

Premium notes receivable represent the balance due to the Company from policyholders who elect to finance their premiums over the policy term. The Company requires both a down payment and monthly payments as part of its financing program. Premium finance fees are charged to policyholders who elect to finance premiums. The fees

63


MERCURY GENERAL CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS—(Continued)

December 31, 2007 and 2006

are charged at rates that vary with the amount of premium financed. Premium finance fees are recognized over the term of the premium note based upon the effective yield.

 

Deferred Policy Acquisition Costs

 

Acquisition costs related to unearned premiums, which consist of commissions, premium taxes and certain other underwriting costs, and which vary directly with and are directly related to the production of business, are

64


MERCURY GENERAL CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS—(Continued)

December 31, 2006 and 2005

deferred and amortized to expense ratably over the terms of the policies. Deferred acquisition costs are limited to the amount which will remain after deducting from unearned premiums and anticipated investment income the estimated losses and loss adjustment expenses and the servicing costs that will be incurred as the premiums are earned. The Company does not defer advertising expenses.

 

Losses and Loss Adjustment Expenses

 

The liability for losses and loss adjustment expenses is based upon the accumulation of individual case estimates for losses reported prior to the close of the accounting period, plus estimates, based upon past experience, of ultimate developed costs which may differ from case estimates and estimates of unreported claims. The liability is stated net of anticipated salvage and subrogation recoveries. The amount of reinsurance recoverable is included in other receivables.

��

Estimating loss reserves is a difficult process as there are many factors that can ultimately affect the final settlement of a claim and, therefore, the reserve that is required. Changes in the regulatory and legal environment, results of litigation, medical costs, the cost of repair materials or labor rates can impact ultimate claim costs. In addition, time can be a critical part of reserving determinations since the longer the span between the occurrence of a loss and the payment or settlement of the claim, the more variable the ultimate settlement amount can be. Accordingly, short-tail property damage claims tend to be more reasonably predictable than long-tail liability claims. Management believes that the liability for losses and loss adjustment expenses is adequate to cover the ultimate net cost of losses and loss adjustment expenses incurred to date. Since the provisions for loss reserves are necessarily based upon estimates, the ultimate liability may be more or less than such provisions.

 

The Company analyzes loss reserves quarterly primarily using the incurred loss development, average severity and claim count development methods described below. The Company also uses the paid loss development method to analyze loss adjustment expense reserves and industry claims data as part of its reserve analysis. When deciding which method to use in estimating its reserves, the Company and its actuaries evaluate the credibility of each method based on the maturity of the data available and the claims settlement practices for each particular line of business or coverage within a line of business. When establishing the reserve, the Company will generally analyze the results from all of the methods used rather than relying on one method. While these methods are designed to determine the ultimate losses on claims under the Company’s policies, there is inherent uncertainty in all actuarial models since they use historical data to project outcomes. The Company believes that the techniques it uses provide a reasonable basis in estimating loss reserves.

 

  

Theincurred loss development method analyzes historical incurred case loss (case reserves plus paid losses) development to estimate ultimate losses. The Company applies development factors against current case incurred losses by accident period to calculate ultimate expected losses. The Company believes that the incurred loss development method provides a reasonable basis for evaluating ultimate losses, particularly in the Company’s larger, more established lines of business which have a long operating history.

 

64


MERCURY GENERAL CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS—(Continued)

December 31, 2007 and 2006

  

Theclaim count development method analyzes historical claim count development to estimate future incurred claim count development for current claims. The Company applies these development factors against current claim counts by accident period to calculate ultimate expected claim counts.

 

  

Theaverage severity method analyzes historical loss payments and/or incurred losses divided by closed claims and/or total claims to calculate an estimated average cost per claim. From this, the expected ultimate average cost per claim can be estimated. Theaverage severity method coupled with theclaim

65


MERCURY GENERAL CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS—(Continued)

December 31, 2006 and 2005

count development method provideprovides meaningful information regarding inflation and frequency trends that the Company believes is useful in establishing reserves.

 

  

Thepaid loss development method analyzes historical payment patterns to estimate the amount of losses yet to be paid. The Company primarily uses this method for loss adjustment expenses because specific case reserves are generally not established for loss adjustment expenses.

 

In states with little operating history where there are insufficient claims data to prepare a reserve analysis relying solely on Company historical data, the Company generally projects ultimate losses using industry average loss data or expected loss ratios. As the Company develops an operating history in these states, the Company will rely increasingly on the incurred loss development and average severity and claim count development methods. The Company analyzes hurricane catastrophe losses separately from non-catastrophe losses. For these losses, the Company determines claim counts based on claims reported and development expectations from previous stormscatastrophes and applies an average expected loss per claim based on reserves established by adjusters and average losses on previous storms.

 

Depreciation and Amortization

 

Buildings furnitureare stated at the lower of cost or fair value and depreciated on a straight line basis over 30 years. Furniture and equipment and purchased software are stated at cost and depreciated over 30-year and 3-year to 10-year periods, respectively, on a combination of straight-line and accelerated methods.methods over 3 to 10 years. Automobiles are depreciated over 5 years, using an accelerated method. Internally developed computer software is capitalized in accordance with Statement of Position 98-1, “Accounting for the Costs of Computer Software Developed or Obtained for Internal Use,” and amortized on a straight-line method over the estimated useful life of the software, generally not exceeding five years. Leasehold improvements are stated at cost and amortized over the life of the associated lease.

 

Derivative Financial Instruments

 

The Company accounts for derivative financial instruments in accordance with Statement of Financial Accounting StandardsSFAS No. 133, “Accounting for Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activities, as amended by Statement of Financial Accounting StandardsSFAS No. 138, Accounting“Accounting for Certain Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activities” (“SFAS No. 133”),Activities,” and Statement of Financial Accounting StandardsSFAS No. 149, “Amendment of Statement 133 on Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activities.” The Company has entered into a hedge transaction that converts fixed rate debt to variable rate debt, effectively hedging the change in fair value of the fixed rate debt resulting from fluctuations in interest rates. The carrying values of the derivative designated as a fair value hedgehedging instrument and the hedgedfixed rate debt are adjusted to current marketfair values in accordance with SFAS No. 133, as amended, as discussed in Note 5.5 of Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements.

 

Earnings Per Share

 

Earnings per share is presented in accordance with the provisions of Statement of Financial Accounting StandardsSFAS No. 128, “Earnings per Share,” which requires presentation of basic and diluted earnings per share for all publicly traded companies. Note 13 of the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements contains the required disclosures which make up the calculation of basic and diluted earnings per share.

 

65


Segment ReportingMERCURY GENERAL CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES

 

Statement of Financial Accounting StandardsNOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS—(Continued)

December 31, 2007 and 2006

Segment Reporting

SFAS No. 131, “Disclosures about Segments of an Enterprise and Related Information,” establishes standards for reporting information about operating segments. The Company does not have any operations that require separate disclosure as operating segments.

 

66


MERCURY GENERAL CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS—(Continued)

December 31, 2006 and 2005

Income Taxes

 

The Company recognizes deferred tax assets and liabilities for temporary differences between the financial reporting basis and the tax basis of the Company’s assets and liabilities and expected benefits of utilizing net operating loss and tax credit carry forwards. Deferred tax assets and liabilities are measured using enacted tax rates expected to apply to taxable income in the years in which those temporary differences are expected to be recovered or settled. The impact on deferred taxes of changes in tax rates and laws, if any, are applied to the years during which temporary differences are expected to be settled, and reflected in the financial statements in the period enacted.

 

Reinsurance

 

Liabilities for unearned premiums and unpaid losses are stated in the accompanying consolidated financial statements before deductions for ceded reinsurance. The ceded amounts are immaterial and are carried in other receivables. Earned premiums are stated net of deductions for ceded reinsurance.

 

The Insurance Companies, as primary insurers, will beare required to pay losses to the extent reinsurers are unable to discharge their obligations under the reinsurance agreements.

 

Supplemental Cash Flow Information

 

A summary of interest and income taxes paid is as follows:

 

  Year Ended December 31,
  Year Ended December 31,  2007  2006  2005
  2006  2005  2004  (Amounts in thousands)

Interest

  $8,702,000  $5,649,000  $3,329,000  $8,618  $8,702  $5,649

Income taxes

  $73,144,000  $105,811,000  $107,277,000   100,410   73,144   105,811

 

In 2005,2007, the Company assumedissued a mortgagepromissory note payable of $11,250,000$4.5 million that is due in April 2009 in connection with the acquisition of an office buildinga 4.25 acre parcel of land in Florida.Brea, California.

 

Share-Based Compensation

 

Prior to January 1, 2006, the Company accounted for share-based compensation plans under the recognition and measurement provisions of Accounting Principles Board Opinion No. 25, “Accounting for Stock Issued to Employees.” Under that method, when options are granted with a strike price equal to or greater than market price on the date of issuance, there is no impact on earnings either on the date of the grant or thereafter, absent modification to the options. Accordingly, the Company recognized no share-based compensation expense in periods prior to January 1, 2006.

 

Effective January 1, 2006, the Company adopted Statement of Financial Accounting StandardsSFAS No. 123 (revised 2004), “Share-Based Payment” (“SFAS No. 123R”), using the modified prospective transition method and therefore has not restated results from

66


MERCURY GENERAL CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS—(Continued)

December 31, 2007 and 2006

prior periods. Under this transition method, share-based compensation expense for 2006 includes compensation expense for all share-based compensation awards granted prior to, but not yet vested as of, January 1, 2006, based on the grant-date fair value estimated in accordance with the original provisions of Statement of Financial Accounting StandardsSFAS No. 123, “Accounting for Stock-Based Compensation.” Share-based compensation expense for all share-based payment awards granted or modified on or after January 1, 2006 is based on the grant-date fair value estimated in accordance with the provisions of SFAS No. 123R. The

67


MERCURY GENERAL CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS—(Continued)

December 31, 2006 and 2005

Company recognizes these compensation costs on a straight-line basis over the requisite service period of the award, which is the option vesting term of generally five years, for only those shares expected to vest. The fair value of stock option awards was estimated using the Black-Scholes option pricing model with the grant-date assumptions and weighted-average fair values.values, as discussed in Note 12 of Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements.

 

Recently Issued Accounting Standards

 

In July 2006,Effective January 1, 2007, the Company adopted the Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) issued FASB Interpretation No. 48, “Accounting for Uncertainty in Income Taxes—Taxes – an interpretation of FASB Statement No. 109” (“FIN No. 48”). This InterpretationFIN No. 48 provides guidance on financial statement recognition and measurement of a tax position taken or expected to be taken in a tax return related to uncertainties in income taxes. The InterpretationFIN No. 48 prescribes a “more-likely-than-not” recognition threshold that must be met before a tax benefit can be recognized in the financial statements. For a tax position that meets the recognition threshold, the largest amount of tax benefit that is greater than 50 percent likely of being realized upon ultimate settlement is recognized in the financial statements. The InterpretationFIN No. 48 also provides guidance on derecognition, classification, interest and penalties, accounting in interim periods, disclosure, and transition. FIN No. 48 becomes effective January 1, 2007 for the Company. The Company’s adoption of FIN No. 48 willdid not have a material impact on the consolidated financial statements of the Company.

In September 2006, the FASB issued Statement of Financial Accounting Standards No. 157, “Fair Value Measurements” (“SFAS No. 157”). SFAS No. 157 provides a single definition of and framework for measuring fair value, and requires additional disclosure about the use of fair value to measure assets and liabilities. SFAS No. 157 emphasizes that fair value is a market-based measurement, not an entity-specific measurement, and sets out a fair value hierarchy with the highest priority being quoted prices in active markets. SFAS No. 157 is effective for financial statements issued for fiscal years beginning after November 15, 2007, and interim periods within those fiscal years. The Company is currently assessing the impact of adopting SFAS No. 157 on its consolidated financial statements.

 

In September 2006, the SEC issued Staff Accounting Bulletin No. 108, “Considering the Effects of Prior Year Misstatements when Quantifying Misstatements in Current Year Financial Statements” (“SAB 108”) in order to eliminate the diversity of practice in the process by which misstatements are quantified for purposes of assessing materiality on the financial statements. SAB 108 establishes a single quantification framework wherein the significance measurement is based on the effects of the misstatements on each of the financial statements as well as the related financial statement disclosures. If a company’s existing methods for assessing the materiality of misstatements are not in compliance with the provisions of SAB 108, the initial application of the provisions may be adopted by restating prior period financial statements under certain circumstances or otherwise by recording the cumulative effect of initially applying the provisions of SAB 108 as adjustments to the carrying values of assets and liabilities as ofEffective January 1, 2006 with an offsetting adjustment recorded to2007, the opening balance of retained earnings. The provisions of SAB 108 must be applied no later than the annual financial statements issued for the first fiscal year ending after November 15, 2006. The Company’s adoption of SAB 108 did not have an effect on its results of operations or financial position.

In October 2005,Company adopted the American Institute of Certified Public Accountants (“AICPA”) issued Statement of Position 05-1, “Accounting by Insurance Enterprises for Deferred Acquisition Costs in Connection with Modifications or Exchanges of Insurance Contracts” (“SOP 05-1”). SOP 05-1 provides accounting guidance for deferred policy acquisition costs associated with internal replacements of insurance and investment contracts other than those already described in SFAS No. 97, “Accounting and Reporting by Insurance Enterprises for Certain Long-Duration Contracts and for Realized Gains and Losses from the Sale of Investments.” SOP 05-1 defines an

68


MERCURY GENERAL CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS—(Continued)

December 31, 2006 and 2005

internal replacement as a modification in product benefits, features, rights or coverages that occurs by the exchange of a contract for a new contract, or by amendment, endorsement or rider to a contract, or by the election of a feature or coverage within a contract. The provisions of SOP 05-1 are effective for internal replacements occurring in fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2006. The Company is currently assessing the impactCompany’s adoption of SOP 05-1 on its results of operations and financial position. The Company doesdid not expect the impact of the adoption to have a material effectimpact on its results of operations orconsolidated financial position.statements.

 

In February 2006,Effective January 1, 2007, the FASB issued Statement of Financial Accounting Standards No. 155, “Accounting for Certain Hybrid Financial Instruments, an amendment of FASB Statements No. 133 and 140” (“Company adopted SFAS No. 155”).155. The provisions of SFAS No. 155 are effective for all financial instruments acquired or issued after the beginning of the first fiscal year after September 15, 2006. SFAS No. 155 amends the accounting for hybrid financial instruments and eliminates the exclusion of beneficial interests in securitized financial assets from the guidance under SFAS No. 133.No.133. It also eliminates the prohibition on the type of derivative instruments that qualified special purpose entities may hold under SFAS No. 140.140, “Accounting for Transfers and Servicing of Financial Assets and Extinguishment of Liabilities.” Furthermore, SFAS No. 155 clarifies that concentrations of credit risk in the form of subordination are not embedded derivatives. The Company is currently assessing the impactCompany’s adoption of adopting SFAS No. 155 did not have a material impact on its consolidated financial statements.

 

In September 2006, the FASB issued SFAS No. 157, “Fair Value Measurements” (“SFAS No. 157”). SFAS No. 157 provides a single definition of fair value, together with a framework for measuring it, and requires

67


MERCURY GENERAL CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS—(Continued)

December 31, 2007 and 2006

additional disclosure about the use of fair value to measure assets and liabilities. SFAS No. 157 emphasizes that fair value is a market-based measurement, not an entity-specific measurement, and sets out a fair value hierarchy with the highest priority being quoted prices in active markets. SFAS No. 157 is effective for financial statements issued for fiscal years beginning after November 15, 2007, and interim periods within those fiscal years. The adoption of SFAS No. 157 is not expected to have a material impact on the Company’s consolidated financial statements.

In February 2007, the FASB issued SFAS No. 159, “The Fair Value Option for Financial Assets and Financial Liabilities—Including an Amendment of FASB Statement No. 115” (“SFAS No. 159”). SFAS No. 159 permits an entity to measure certain financial assets and financial liabilities at fair value. The main objective of SFAS No. 159 is to improve financial reporting by allowing entities to mitigate volatility in reported earnings caused by the measurement of related assets and liabilities using different attributes, without having to apply complex hedge accounting provisions. Entities that elect the fair value option will report unrealized gains and losses in earnings at each subsequent reporting date. SFAS No. 159 establishes presentation and disclosure requirements to help financial statement users understand the effect of the entity’s election on its earnings, but does not eliminate disclosure requirements of other accounting standards. SFAS No. 159 is effective as of the beginning of the first fiscal year that begins after November 15, 2007.

The Company adopted SFAS No. 159 as of the beginning of 2008 and elected to apply the fair value option to all short-term investments and all available-for-sale fixed maturity and equity securities existing at the time of adoption and similar securities acquired subsequently unless otherwise noted at the time when the eligible item is first recognized, including hybrid financial instruments with embedded derivatives that would otherwise need to be bifurcated. The primary reasons for electing the fair value option were simplification and cost-benefit considerations as well as expansion of use of fair value measurement consistent with the FASB’s long-term measurement objectives for accounting for financial instruments. As a result of adopting SFAS No. 159, a net unrealized gain of approximately $81 million, net of tax, related to available-for-sale securities was reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive income to retained earnings on January 1, 2008.

Reclassifications

 

Certain reclassifications have been made to the prior year balances to conform to the current year presentation.

 

(2)    Investments and Investment Income

 

Investment Income

A summary of net investment income is shown in the following table:

 

  Year ended December 31,  Year ended December 31,
  2006  2005  2004  2007  2006  2005
  (Amounts in thousands)  (Amounts in thousands)

Interest and dividends on fixed maturities

  $130,339  $100,403  $95,340  $141,021  $130,339  $100,403

Dividends on equity securities

   8,152   10,149   10,963   9,476   8,152   10,149

Interest on short-term cash investments

   15,557   13,827   4,796

Interest on short-term investments

   13,452   15,557   13,827
                  

Total investment income

   154,048   124,379   111,099   163,949   154,048   124,379

Investment expense

   2,949   1,797   1,418   5,038   2,949   1,797
                  

Net investment income

  $151,099  $122,582  $109,681  $158,911  $151,099  $122,582
                  

68


MERCURY GENERAL CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS—(Continued)

December 31, 2007 and 2006

Realized Investment Gains and Losses

 

A summary of net realized investment gains (losses)and losses is as follows:

 

  Year ended December 31,   Year ended December 31, 
  2006 2005 2004   2007 2006 2005 
  (Amounts in thousands)   (Amounts in thousands) 

Net realized investment gains (losses):

        

Fixed maturities

  $(3,611) $(280) $(82)  $(12,830) $(3,611) $(280)

Equity securities

   19,047   16,440   25,147    33,638   19,047   16,440 
                    
  $15,436  $16,160  $25,065   $20,808  $15,436  $16,160 
                    

Net realized investment gains (losses) includes investment write-downs considered to be other-than-temporary impairment losses of $22.7 million, $2.0 million, and $2.2 million in 2007, 2006, and 2005, respectively. In addition, in 2007, net realized investment gains and losses also includes $2.0 million gain and $1.4 million loss related to the change in the fair value of trading securities and hybrid financial instruments, respectively.

Gross gains and losses realized on the sales of investments (excluding calls) are shown below:

   Year ended December 31, 
   2007  2006  2005 
   (Amounts in thousands) 

Fixed maturities available for sale:

    

Gross realized gains

  $1,626  $541  $604 

Gross realized losses

   (4,196)  (3,778)  (1,539)
             

Net

  $(2,570) $(3,237) $(935)
             

Equity securities available for sale:

    

Gross realized gains

  $69,288  $30,990  $26,799 

Gross realized losses

   (20,773)  (10,955)  (8,330)
             

Net

  $48,515  $20,035  $18,469 
             

Equity securities trading:

    

Gross realized gains

  $7,145  $—    $—   

Gross realized losses

   (5,431)  —     —   
             

Net

  $1,714  $—    $—   
             

 

69


MERCURY GENERAL CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES

 

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS—(Continued)

 

December 31, 20062007 and 20052006

 

Gross gainsUnrealized Investment Gains and losses realized on the sales of investments (excluding calls and other-than-temporarily impaired securities) are shown below:Losses

   Year ended December 31, 
   2006  2005  2004 
   (Amounts in thousands) 

Fixed maturities available for sale:

    

Gross realized gains

  $541  $604  $474 

Gross realized losses

   (3,778)  (1,539)  (1,316)
             

Net

  $(3,237) $(935) $(842)
             

Equity securities available for sale:

    

Gross realized gains

  $30,990  $26,799  $29,863 

Gross realized losses

   (10,955)  (8,330)  (4,259)
             

Net

  $20,035  $18,469  $25,604 
             

 

A summary of the net increase (decrease) in unrealized investment gains and losses less applicable income tax expense (benefit) is as follows:

 

  Year ended December 31,   Year ended December 31, 
  2006 2005 2004   2007 2006 2005 
  (Amounts in thousands)   (Amounts in thousands) 

Net increase (decrease) in net unrealized investment gains and losses:

        

Fixed maturities available for sale

  $(4,538) $(28,546) $(8,869)  $(18,612) $(4,538) $(28,546)

Income tax benefit

   (1,589)  (9,990)  (3,104)   (6,514)  (1,589)  (9,990)
                    
  $(2,949) $(18,556) $(5,765)  $(12,098) $(2,949) $(18,556)
                    

Equity securities

  $9,311  $6,988  $2,530   $35,382  $9,311  $6,988 

Income tax expense

   3,259   2,432   876    12,379   3,259   2,432 
                    
  $6,052  $4,556  $1,654   $23,003  $6,052  $4,556 
                    

 

Accumulated unrealized gains and losses on securities available for sale are as follows:

 

  December 31,   December 31, 
  2006 2005   2007 2006 
  (Amounts in thousands)   (Amounts in thousands) 

Fixed maturities available for sale:

      

Unrealized gains

  $63,705  $66,421   $54,975  $63,705 

Unrealized losses

   (16,433)  (14,611)   (26,314)  (16,433)

Tax effect

   (16,545)  (18,134)   (10,031)  (16,545)
              
  $30,727  $33,676   $18,630  $30,727 
              

Equity securities available for sale:

      

Unrealized gains

  $65,709  $56,041   $104,717  $65,709 

Unrealized losses

   (5,837)  (5,467)   (9,463)  (5,837)

Tax effect

   (20,947)  (17,701)   (33,326)  (20,947)
              
  $38,925  $32,873   $61,928  $38,925 
              

 

70


MERCURY GENERAL CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES

 

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS—(Continued)

 

December 31, 20062007 and 20052006

Fair Value of Investments

 

The amortized costscost and estimated market valuesfair value of investments in fixed maturities available-for-sale (excluding hybrid financial instruments with an estimated fair value of $31.8 million) as of December 31, 2007 are as follows:

   Amortized
Cost
  Gross
Unrealized
Gains
  Gross
Unrealized
Losses
  Estimated
Fair Value
   (Amounts in thousands)

U.S. Treasury securities and obligations of U.S. government corporations and agencies

  $36,157  $283  $65  $36,375

Obligations of states and political subdivisions

   2,435,215   49,878   20,552   2,464,541

Mortgage-backed securities

   227,606   2,018   2,049   227,575

Corporate securities

   126,272   2,789   3,633   125,428

Redeemable preferred stock

   2,079   7   15   2,071
                

Totals

  $2,827,329  $54,975  $26,314  $2,855,990
                

The amortized cost and estimated fair value of investments in fixed maturities available-for-sale as of December 31, 2006 are as follows:

 

   

Amortized

Cost

  

Gross

Unrealized

Gains

  

Gross

Unrealized

Losses

  

Estimated

Market Value

   (Amounts in thousands)

U.S. Treasury securities and obligations of U.S. government corporations and agencies

  $133,733  $36  $1,292  $132,477

Obligations of states and political subdivisions

   2,282,877   59,780   6,695   2,335,962

Mortgage-backed securities

   273,420   1,179   2,866   271,733

Corporate securities

   157,893   2,709   5,553   155,049

Redeemable preferred stock

   3,792   1   27   3,766
                

Totals

  $2,851,715  $63,705  $16,433  $2,898,987
                

The amortized costs and estimated market values of investments in fixed maturities available-for-sale as of December 31, 2005 are as follows:

  Amortized
Cost
  Gross
Unrealized
Gains
  Gross
Unrealized
Losses
  Estimated
Market Value
  Amortized
Cost
  Gross
Unrealized
Gains
  Gross
Unrealized
Losses
  Estimated
Fair Value
  (Amounts in thousands)  (Amounts in thousands)

U.S. Treasury securities and obligations of U.S. government corporations and agencies

  $201,456  $82  $2,102  $199,436  $133,733  $36  $1,292  $132,477

Obligations of states and political subdivisions

   2,042,289   63,158   6,636   2,098,811   2,282,877   59,780   6,695   2,335,962

Mortgage-backed securities

   206,248   312   3,207   203,353   273,420   1,179   2,866   271,733

Corporate securities

   139,275   2,827   2,657   139,445   157,893   2,709   5,553   155,049

Redeemable preferred stock

   4,477   42   9   4,510   3,792   1   27   3,766
                        

Totals

  $2,593,745  $66,421  $14,611  $2,645,555  $2,851,715  $63,705  $16,433  $2,898,987
                        

 

The Company monitors its investments closely. If an unrealized loss is determined to be other than temporary, it is written off as a realized loss through the consolidated statements of income. The Company’s assessment of other-than-temporary impairments is security-specific as of the balance sheet date and considers various factors including the length of time and the extent to which the fair value has been lower than the cost, the financial condition and the near termnear-term prospects of the issuer, whether the debtor is current on its contractually obligated interest and principal payments, and the Company’s intent and ability to hold the securities until they mature or recover their value. The Company recognized $2.0$22.7 million and $2.2$2.0 million in realized losses as other-than-temporary declines to its investment securities during 2007 and 2006, and 2005, respectively.

 

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MERCURY GENERAL CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES

 

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS—(Continued)

 

December 31, 20062007 and 20052006

 

The following table illustrates the gross unrealized losses included in the Company’s investment portfolioon securities available for sale and the fair value of those securities, aggregated by investment category.category as of December 31, 2007. The table also illustrates the length of time that they have been in a continuous unrealized loss position as of December 31, 2006.2007.

 

  Less than 12 months  12 months or more  Total  Less than 12 months  12 months or more  Total
  

Unrealized

Losses

  Fair Value  

Unrealized

Losses

  Fair Value  

Unrealized

Losses

  Fair Value  Unrealized
Losses
  Fair
Value
  Unrealized
Losses
  Fair
Value
  Unrealized
Losses
  Fair
Value
  (Amounts in thousands)  (Amounts in thousands)

U.S. Treasury Securities and obligations of U.S. government corporations and agencies

  $127  $34,167  $1,165  $84,517  $1,292  $118,684  $64  $13,140  $1  $1,300  $65  $14,440

Obligations of states and political subdivisions

   3,140   436,060   3,555   181,190   6,695   617,250   12,342   788,701   8,210   294,940   20,552   1,083,641

Corporate securities

   927   39,263   4,626   61,136   5,553   100,399   2,177   18,141   1,456   48,444   3,633   66,585

Mortgage-backed securities

   1,043   83,784   1,823   70,457   2,866   154,241   606   35,733   1,443   64,509   2,049   100,242

Redeemable preferred stock

   27   2,772   —     —     27   2,772   4   492   11   1,184   15   1,676
                                    

Subtotal, debt securities

   5,264   596,046   11,169   397,300   16,433   993,346   15,193   856,207   11,121   410,377   26,314   1,266,584

Equity securities

   5,153   48,653   684   15,323   5,837   63,976   8,882   81,215   581   4,060   9,463   85,275
                                    

Total temporarily impaired securities

  $10,417  $644,699  $11,853  $412,623  $22,270  $1,057,322  $24,075  $937,422  $11,702  $414,437  $35,777  $1,351,859
                                    

 

At December 31, 2006, the Company had a net unrealized gain on all investments of $107.4The $35.8 million before income taxes, which is comprised of unrealized gains of $129.7 million offset bygross unrealized losses of $22.3 million. Unrealized losses represent 0.7%on securities available for sale represents 1.03% of total investments at amortized cost. The Company’s investment portfolio includes approximately 554 securities in a gross unrealized loss position. Of theseThese unrealized losses approximately $16.5 million relate to fixed maturity investments and the remaining $5.8 million relate to equity securities. Approximately $21.6 million of the unrealized losses are represented by a large numberconsist mostly of individual securities with unrealized losses of less than 20% of each security’s amortized cost. The remaining $0.7Of these, the most significant unrealized loss relates to one corporate bond with an unrealized loss of approximately $1.3 million representsand with a market value decline of 13% of amortized cost. Approximately $1.2 million of the total gross unrealized losses relates to 26 individual equity securities and one fixed maturity security with unrealized losses that exceed 20% of each security’s amortized costs.cost. None of these 27 securities have unrealized losses greater than $0.1 million nor have they been in an unrealized loss position for more than 12 months.

 

Based upon the Company’s analysis of the securities, which includes consideration of the status of debt servicing for fixed maturities and third party analyst estimates for the equity securities, and the Company’s intent and ability to hold the securities until they mature or recover their costs, the Company has concluded that the gross unrealized losses of $22.3$35.8 million at December 31, 20062007 were temporary in nature. However, facts and circumstances may change which could result in a decline in marketfair value considered to be other-than-temporary.other than temporary.

 

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MERCURY GENERAL CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES

 

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS—(Continued)

 

December 31, 20062007 and 20052006

 

The following table illustrates the gross unrealized losses included in the Company’s investment portfolioon securities available for sale and the fair value of those securities, aggregated by investment category.category as of December 31, 2006. The table also illustrates the length of time that they have been in a continuous unrealized loss position as of December 31, 2005.2006.

 

  Less than 12 months  

12 months or more

  Total  Less than 12 months  12 months or more  Total
  Unrealized
Losses
  Fair Value  Unrealized
Losses
  Fair Value  Unrealized
Losses
  Fair Value  Unrealized
Losses
  Fair
Value
  Unrealized
Losses
  Fair
Value
  Unrealized
Losses
  Fair
Value
  (Amounts in thousands)  (Amounts in thousands)

U.S. Treasury Securities and obligations of U.S. government corporations and agencies

  $1,315  $147,544  $787  $48,434  $2,102  $195,978  $127  $34,167  $1,165  $84,517  $1,292  $118,684

Obligations of states and political subdivisions

   3,434   522,566   3,202   92,349   6,636   614,915   3,140   436,060   3,555   181,190   6,695   617,250

Corporate securities

   1,670   111,734   1,537   46,929   3,207   158,663   927   39,263   4,626   61,136   5,553   100,399

Mortgage-backed securities

   1,868   77,425   789   26,525   2,657   103,950   1,043   83,784   1,823   70,457   2,866   154,241

Redeemable preferred stock

   —     —     9   1,187   9   1,187   27   2,772   —     —     27   2,772
                                    

Subtotal, debt securities

   8,287   859,269   6,324   215,424   14,611   1,074,693   5,264   596,046   11,169   397,300   16,433   993,346

Equity securities

   4,888   171,816   579   8,623   5,467   180,439   5,153   48,653   684   15,323   5,837   63,976
                                    

Total temporarily impaired securities

  $13,175  $1,031,085  $6,903  $224,047  $20,078  $1,255,132  $10,417  $644,699  $11,853  $412,623  $22,270  $1,057,322
                                    

 

Unrealized losses that have been in a continuous unrealized loss position over 12 months are mostly accounted for by unrealized losses of fixed maturity securities, and amounted to 0.34%0.3% of the total investment market value at December 31, 20062007 compared to 0.21%0.3% at December 31, 2005.2006. The slight increase from December 31, 2006 to December 31, 2007 in the total unrealized losses is largely duepredominantly in the obligations of states and political subdivisions (municipal bond) category and relates primarily to a decrease inthe credit market values of fixed maturity securities as a result of an increase in market interest rates.dislocation experienced during 2007.

 

At December 31, 2006,2007, bond holdings rated below investment grade were 1.3% of total investments at cost.fair value. The average rating of the bond portfolio was AA, investment grade. Additionally, the Company owns securities that are credit enhanced by financial guarantors that are subject to uncertainty related to market perception of the guarantors’ ability to perform. Determining the estimated fair value of municipal bonds could become more difficult should markets for these securities become illiquid. The amortized cost and estimated marketfair value of fixed maturities available for sale at December 31, 2006,2007 by contractual maturity are shown below. Expected maturities will differ from contractual maturities because borrowers may have the right to call or prepay obligations with or without call or prepayment penalties.

 

  

Amortized

Cost

  

Estimated

Market Value

  Amortized
Cost
  Estimated
Fair Value
  (Amounts in thousands)  (Amounts in thousands)

Fixed maturities available for sale:

        

Due in one year or less

  $62,424  $62,435  $34,688  $34,191

Due after one year through five years

   241,767   243,252   197,290   199,567

Due after five years through ten years

   754,995   769,868   637,127   656,959

Due after ten years

   1,519,109   1,551,699   1,745,619   1,750,971

Mortgage-backed securities

   273,420   271,733   245,731   246,072
            
  $2,851,715  $2,898,987  $2,860,455  $2,887,760
            

 

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MERCURY GENERAL CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES

 

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS—(Continued)

 

December 31, 20062007 and 20052006

 

(3)    Fixed Assets

 

A summary of fixed assets follows:

 

  December 31,   December 31, 
  2006 2005   2007 2006 
  (Amounts in thousands)   (Amounts in thousands) 

Land

  $15,848  $14,502   $23,353  $15,848 

Buildings

   87,529   81,939    94,827   87,529 

Furniture and equipment

   110,159   93,198    116,531   110,159 

Capitalized software

   52,361   46,894    74,307   52,361 

Leasehold improvements

   4,211   2,636    4,468   4,211 
              
   270,108   239,169    313,486   270,108 

Less accumulated depreciation

   (117,848)  (102,390)   (141,129)  (117,848)
              

Net fixed assets

  $152,260  $136,779   $172,357  $152,260 
              

 

Depreciation expense including amortization of leasehold improvements was $26.3 million, $24.3 million, and $18.8 million during 2007, 2006 and $16.2 million during 2006, 2005, and 2004, respectively.

 

(4)    Deferred Policy Acquisition Costs

 

Policy acquisition costs incurred and amortized are as follows:

 

  Year ended December 31,   Year ended December 31, 
  2006 2005 2004   2007 2006 2005 
  (Amounts in thousands)   (Amounts in thousands) 

Balance, beginning of year

  $197,943  $174,840  $146,951   $209,783  $197,943  $174,840 

Costs deferred during the year

   660,785   642,018   590,442    659,692   660,785   642,018 

Amortization charged to expense

   (648,945)  (618,915)  (562,553)   (659,670)  (648,945)  (618,915)
                    

Balance, end of year

  $209,783  $197,943  $174,840   $209,805  $209,783  $197,943 
                    

 

(5)    Notes Payable

 

Notes Payable consists of the following:

 

  December 31,  December 31,
  2006  2005  2007  2006
  (Amounts in thousands)  (Amounts in thousands)

Unsecured senior notes

  $130,304  $132,290  $134,062  $130,304

Mortgage note

   11,250   11,250   —     11,250

Secured promissory note

   4,500   —  
            
  $141,554  $143,540  $138,562  $141,554
            

 

On August 7, 2001, the Company issued $125 million of senior notes payable under a $300 million shelf registration filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission in July 2001.payable. The notes are unsecured, senior obligations of the Company with a 7.25% annual coupon rate payable on February 15 and August 15 each year. The notes mature on August 15, 2011. The Company incurred debt issuance costs of approximately $1.3 million,

74


MERCURY GENERAL CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS—(Continued)

December 31, 2006 and 2005

inclusive of underwriter’s fees. These costs are deferred and then amortized as a component of interest expense over the term of the notes. The notes were issued at a slight discount of 99.723%, resulting in the effective annualized interest rate including debt issuance costs of approximately 7.44%.

74


MERCURY GENERAL CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS—(Continued)

December 31, 2007 and 2006

 

Effective January 2, 2002, the Company entered into an interest rate swap of its fixed rate obligation on the senior notes for a floating rate of LIBOR plus 107 basis points. The swap agreement terminates on August 15, 2011 and includes an early termination option exercisable by either party on the fifth anniversary or each subsequent anniversary by providing sufficient notice, as defined. The swap reduced interest expense in 2004, 2005, 2006 and 2006,2007, but does expose the Company to higher interest expense in future periods if LIBOR rates increase. The effective annualized interest rate was 6.4% and 6.6% in 2007 and 5.3% in 2006, and 2005, respectively. The swap is designated as a fair value hedge and qualifies for the “shortcut method” under SFAS No. 133, because the hedge is deemed to have no ineffectiveness. The fair value of the interest rate swap was $5,496,000$9,218,000 and $7,516,000$5,496,000 at December 31, 20062007 and 2005,2006, respectively, and has been recorded in other assets in the consolidated balance sheets with a corresponding increase to notes payable. The interest rate swap was determined to be highly effective and no amount of ineffectiveness was recorded in earnings during 20062007 and 2005.2006.

 

In January 2005,October 2007, the Company completed the acquisition of a 4.25 acre parcel of land in Brea, California. In conjunction with the purchase, the Company entered into an 18-month lease agreement with the seller allowing the seller to use the property during the lease term. Also, as part of the acquisition, of an office building in St. Petersburg, Florida, the Company assumedissued a secured promissory note in the amount of $11,250,000. Under the terms of the$4,500,000 without interest. The note interest only is payable quarterly atthree business days after the Company receives a rate of LIBOR plus 1.75%. The terms ofwritten notice from the note also contain restrictions on prepayment which include penalties for partial or complete prepayment. The note matures on August 1, 2008, at which timeseller that the principal and any outstanding interest is due and payable.property has been vacated in accordance with the lease.

 

The aggregated maturities for notes payable are as follows:

 

Year

  Maturity

2007

  $0

2008

  $11,250,000

2009

  $0

2010

  $0

Thereafter

  $125,000,000

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MERCURY GENERAL CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS—(Continued)

December 31, 2006 and 2005

Year

  Maturity

2008

  $0

2009

  $4,500,000

2010

  $0

2011

  $125,000,000

 

(6)    Income Taxes

Income tax provision

 

The Company and its subsidiaries file a consolidated Federal income tax return. The provision for income tax expense (benefit) consists of the following components:

 

  Year ended December 31,  Year ended December 31,
  2006 2005  2004  2007 2006 2005
  (Amounts in thousands)  (Amounts in thousands)

Federal

         

Current

  $80,069  $82,509  $101,259  $82,016  $80,069  $82,509

Deferred

   (7,169)  13,520   9,916   (7,844)  (7,169)  13,520
                  
  $72,900  $96,029  $111,175  $74,172  $72,900  $96,029
                  

State

         

Current

  $23,039  $2,463  $5,257  $1,994  $23,039  $2,463

Deferred

   1,653   888   5,203   1,038   1,653   888
                  
  $24,692  $3,351  $10,460  $3,032  $24,692  $3,351
                  

Total

         

Current

  $103,108  $84,972  $106,516  $84,010  $103,108  $84,972

Deferred

   (5,516)  14,408   15,119   (6,806)  (5,516)  14,408
                  

Total

  $97,592  $99,380  $121,635  $77,204  $97,592  $99,380
                  

75


MERCURY GENERAL CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS—(Continued)

December 31, 2007 and 2006

 

The income tax provision reflected in the consolidated statements of income is less than the expected federal income tax on income before income taxes as shown in the table below:

 

   Year ended December 31, 
   2006  2005  2004 
   (Amounts in thousands) 

Computed tax expense at 35%

  $109,343  $123,424  $142,745 

Tax-exempt interest income

   (33,325)  (28,187)  (26,288)

Dividends received deduction

   (1,902)  (2,333)  (2,509)

Reduction of losses incurred deduction for 15% of income on securities purchased after August 7, 1986

   5,245   4,474   4,193 

Other, net

   18,231   2,002   3,494 
             

Income tax expense

  $97,592  $99,380  $121,635 
             

76


MERCURY GENERAL CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES

   Year ended December 31, 
   2007  2006  2005 
   (Amounts in thousands) 

Computed tax expense at 35%

  $110,263  $109,343  $123,424 

Tax-exempt interest income

   (38,254)  (33,325)  (28,187)

Dividends received deduction

   (2,087)  (1,902)  (2,333)

Reduction of losses incurred deduction for 15% of income on securities purchased after August 7, 1986

   6,014   5,245   4,474 

Other, net

   1,268   18,231   2,002 
             

Income tax expense

  $77,204  $97,592  $99,380 
             

 

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS—(Continued)

December 31, 2006Deferred Tax Asset and 2005Liability

 

The temporary differences that give rise to a significant portion of the deferred tax asset (liability) relate to the following:

 

  December 31,   December 31, 
  2006 2005   2007 2006 
  (Amounts in thousands)   (Amounts in thousands) 

Deferred tax assets

      

20% of net unearned premium

  $68,975  $67,579   $68,027  $68,975 

Discounting of loss reserves and salvage and subrogation recoverable for tax purposes

   17,812   14,578    15,941   17,812 

Write-down of impaired investments

   4,757   4,683    11,549   4,757 

Other deferred tax assets

   3,478   2,553    10,800   3,478 
              

Total gross deferred tax assets

   95,022   89,393    106,317   95,022 
              

Deferred tax liabilities

      

Deferred acquisition costs

   (73,424)  (69,280)   (73,432)  (73,424)

Tax liability on net unrealized gain on securities carried at market value

   (37,492)  (35,824)

Tax liability on net unrealized gain on securities carried at fair value

   (43,357)  (37,492)

Tax depreciation in excess of book depreciation

   (10,967)  (13,045)   (10,073)  (10,967)

Accretion on bonds

   (914)  (315)   (945)  (914)

Undistributed earnings of insurance subsidiaries

   (4,510)  (3,606)   (5,113)  (4,510)

Other deferred tax liabilities

   (1,323)  (4,779)   (4,249)  (1,323)
              

Total gross deferred tax liabilities

   (128,630)  (126,849)   (137,169)  (128,630)
              

Net deferred tax liabilities

  $(33,608) $(37,456)  $(30,852) $(33,608)
              

 

Realization of deferred tax assets is dependent on generating sufficient taxable income prior to their expiration. Although realization is not assured, management believes it is more likely than not that the deferred tax assets will be realized.

76


MERCURY GENERAL CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS—(Continued)

December 31, 2007 and 2006

Uncertainty in Income Taxes

The Company and its subsidiaries file income tax returns in the U.S. federal jurisdiction and various states. The tax years that remain subject to examination by major taxing jurisdictions are 2004 through 2006 for federal taxes and 2001 through 2006 for California state taxes.

 

On March 28, 2006, the California State Board of Equalization (“SBE”) upheld Notices of Proposed Assessments issued against the Company for tax years 1993 through 1996 in which the Franchise Tax Board (“FTB”) disallowed a portion of the Company’s expenses related to management services provided to its insurance company subsidiaries on grounds that such expenses were allocable to the Company’s tax-deductible dividends from such subsidiaries. The SBE decision resulted in a smaller disallowance of the Company’s interest expense deductions than was proposed by the FTB in those years. As a result of this ruling, the Company recorded an income tax charge (including penalties and interest) of approximately $15 million, after federal tax benefit, in the first quarter of 2006. The Company believes that the deduction of the expenses related to management services provided to its insurance company subsidiaries is appropriate and intends to challengeis challenging the SBE decision in Superior Court.

 

The California FTB has audited the 1997 through 2002 and 2004 tax returns and accepted the 1997 through 2000 returns to be correct as filed. The Company has not received a notice of examination results for the 2003 tax return.return from the FTB in January 2008. For the Company’s 2001, 2002, and 2004 tax returns, the FTB has taken exception to the state apportionment factors used by the Company. Specifically, the FTB has asserted that payroll and property factors from Mercury Insurance Services, LLC, a subsidiary of Mercury Casualty Company that isare excluded from the Mercury General California Franchise tax return, should be included in the California apportionment factors. In addition, for the 2004 tax return, the FTB has asserted that a portion of management fee expenses paid by Mercury Insurance Services, LLC should be

77


MERCURY GENERAL CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS—(Continued)

December 31, 2006 and 2005

disallowed. Based on these assertions, the FTB has issued notices of proposed tax assessments in January 2006 for the 2001, 2002 and 20022004 tax years, and in October 2006 for the 2004 tax year totaling approximately $5 million. The Company strongly disagrees with the position taken by the FTB and plans to formally appeal the assessments before the SBE. An unfavorable ruling against the Company may have a material impact on the Company’s results of operations in the period of such ruling. Management believes that the issue will ultimately be resolved in favor of the Company. However, there can be no assurance that the Company will prevail on this matter.

 

The Company adopted the provisions of FIN No. 48 on January 1, 2007. No adjustment to the Company’s financial position was required as a result of the implementation of this Interpretation.

A reconciliation of the beginning and ending balances of unrecognized tax benefits is as follows:

Balance at January 1, 2007

  $7,382,000 

Additions based on tax positions related to the current year

   921,000 

Additions for tax positions of prior years

   289,000 

Reductions for tax positions related to the current year

   —   

Reductions for tax positions of prior years

   (4,113,000)

Decreases resulting from settlements with taxing authorities

   —   

Reductions as a result of a lapse of the applicable statue of limitations

   (61,000)
     

Balance at December 31, 2007

  $4,418,000 
     

Of this total, $3,279,000 represents unrecognized tax benefits, net of federal tax benefit and accrued interest expense which, if recognized, would affect the Company’s effective tax rate.

77


MERCURY GENERAL CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS—(Continued)

December 31, 2007 and 2006

Management anticipates that it is reasonably possible that the Company’s total amount of unrecognized tax benefits will increase within the next twelve months by approximately $800,000 to $1,000,000 related to its ongoing California state tax apportionment factor issues.

The Company recognizes interest and penalties related to unrecognized tax benefits as a part of income taxes. During the years ended December 31, 2007, 2006, and 2005, the Company recognized interest and penalty expense of $450,000, $14,432,000, and $610,000, respectively. The Company carried an accrued interest balance of $710,000 and $260,000 at December 31, 2007 and 2006, respectively. No penalties have been expensed in 2007.

(7)    Reserves for Losses and Loss Adjustment Expenses

 

Activity in the reserves for losses and loss adjustment expenses is summarized as follows:

 

  Year ended December 31,   Year ended December 31, 
  2006 2005 2004   2007 2006 2005 
  (Amounts in thousands)   (Amounts in thousands) 

Gross reserves for losses and loss adjustment expenses at beginning of year

  $1,022,603  $900,744  $797,927 

Gross reserves, beginning of year

  $1,088,822  $1,022,603  $900,744 

Less reinsurance recoverable

   (16,969)  (14,137)  (11,771)   (6,429)  (16,969)  (14,137)
                    

Net reserves, beginning of year

   1,005,634   886,607   786,156    1,082,393   1,005,634   886,607 

Incurred losses and loss adjustment expenses related to:

        

Current year

   2,000,357   1,909,453   1,640,197    2,017,120   2,000,357   1,909,453 

Prior years

   21,289   (46,517)  (57,943)   19,524   21,289   (46,517)
                    

Total incurred losses and loss adjustment expenses

   2,021,646   1,862,936   1,582,254    2,036,644   2,021,646   1,862,936 
                    

Loss and loss adjustment expense payments related to:

        

Current year

   1,311,982   1,218,784   1,020,154    1,345,234   1,311,982   1,218,784 

Prior years

   632,905   525,125   461,649    674,345   632,905   525,125 
                    

Total payments

   1,944,887   1,743,909   1,481,803    2,019,579   1,944,887   1,743,909 
                    

Net reserves for losses and loss adjustment expenses at end of year

   1,082,393   1,005,634   886,607 

Net reserves, end of year

   1,099,458   1,082,393   1,005,634 

Reinsurance recoverable

   6,429   16,969   14,137    4,457   6,429   16,969 
                    

Gross reserves, end of year

  $1,088,822  $1,022,603  $900,744   $1,103,915  $1,088,822  $1,022,603 
                    

The increase in the provision for insured events of prior years in 2007 primarily relates to adverse development of approximately $25 million in California mostly resulting from increases in estimates for loss severity and ultimate reported claims on the bodily injury reserves, which was partially offset by positive development of approximately $5 million related to operations outside of California. In October 2007, the Southern California region was devastated by sweeping fire storms. The Company recorded a pre-tax loss of approximately $23 million resulting from these fire storms.

 

The increase in the provision for insured events of prior years in 2006 relates largely to the unexpected development of several large extra-contractual claims in the state of Florida and increases in reserve estimates for the bodily injury and personal injury protection coverages in New Jersey.

 

The decrease in the provision for insured events of prior years in 2005 and 2004 relates largely to a decrease in the estimated inflation rates on earlier accident years on bodily injury coverage for California automobile insurance.

78


MERCURY GENERAL CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS—(Continued)

December 31, 2007 and 2006

During 2005, the state of Florida was struck by several hurricanes. The pre-tax loss resulting from these hurricanes was approximately $27 million. This compares with pre-tax loss of approximately $22 million incurred from hurricanes in 2004.

 

(8)    Shareholder Dividends and Dividend Restrictions

 

The following table summarizes shareholder dividends paid in total and per-share:

 

   2006  2005  2004

Total paid

  $104,960,000  $93,867,000  $80,632,000

Per-share

  $1.92  $1.72  $1.48

78


MERCURY GENERAL CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS—(Continued)

December 31, 2006 and 2005

   2007  2006  2005

Total paid

  $113,802,000  $104,960,000  $93,867,000

Per-share

   $2.08   $1.92   $1.72

 

The Insurance Companies are subject to the financial capacity guidelines established by their domiciliary states. The payment of dividends from statutory unassigned surplus of the Insurance Companies is restricted, subject to certain statutory limitations. For 2007,2008, the direct insurance subsidiaries of the Company are permitted to pay approximately $247$246 million in dividends to the Company without the prior approval of the Department of Insurance (“DOI”) of the states of domicile. The above statutory regulations may have the effect of indirectly limiting the ability of the Company to pay shareholder dividends. During 20062007 and 2005,2006, the Insurance Companies paid dividends to Mercury General Corporation of $168.0$127.0 million and $134.0$168.0 million, respectively.

 

(9)    Statutory Balances and Accounting Practices

 

The Insurance Companies prepare their statutory financial statements in accordance with accounting practices prescribed or permitted by the various state insurance departments. Prescribed statutory accounting practices include primarily those published as statements of Statutory Accounting Principles by the National Association of Insurance Commissioners (“NAIC”), as well as state laws, regulations, and general administrative rules. Permitted statutory accounting practices encompass all accounting practices not so prescribed. As of December 31, 2006,2007, there were no material permitted statutory accounting practices utilized by the Insurance Companies.

 

The Insurance Companies’ statutory net income, as reported to regulatory authorities, was $237.3 million, $238.1 million and $253.8 million for 2007, 2006 and $270.5 million for 2006, 2005, and 2004, respectively. The statutory policyholders’ surplus of the Insurance Companies, as reported to regulatory authorities was $1,579.2$1,721.8 million and $1,487.6$1,579.2 million as of December 31, 20062007 and 20052006, respectively.

 

(10)    Commitments and Contingencies

 

Leases

 

The Company is obligated under various noncancellable lease agreements providing for office space and equipment rental that expire at various dates through the year 2012.2013. For leases that contain predetermined escalations of the minimum rentals, the Company recognizes the related rent expense on a straight-line basis and records the difference between the recognized rental expense and amounts payable under the leases as deferred rent in other liabilities. This liability amounted to approximately $1,000,000$1,200,000 and $1,000,000 at December 31, 20062007 and 2005,2006, respectively. Total rent expense under these lease agreements was $9,469,000, $8,292,000 and $7,175,000 for 2007, 2006 and $6,921,000 for2005, respectively.

79


MERCURY GENERAL CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS—(Continued)

December 31, 2007 and 2006 2005 and 2004, respectively.

 

The annual rental commitments, expressed in thousands, are shown as follows:

 

Year

  Rent
Expense
  Rent
Expense

2007

  $8,372

2008

   6,320  $9,889

2009

   4,292   7,849

2010

   3,041   6,387

2011

   1,531   4,534

2012

   3,098

Thereafter

   114   1,411

 

Litigation

 

The Company is, from time to time, named as a defendant in various lawsuits relating to its insurance business. In most of these actions, plaintiffs assert claims for punitive damages, which are not insurable under

79


MERCURY GENERAL CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS—(Continued)

December 31, 2006 and 2005

judicial decisions. The Company has established reserves for lawsuits in cases where the Company is able to estimate its potential exposure and it is probable that the court will rule against the Company. The Company vigorously defends actions against it, unless a reasonable settlement appears appropriate. An unfavorable ruling against the Company in the actions currently pending may have a material impact on the Company’s results of operations in the period of such ruling, however, it is not expected to be material to the Company’s financial condition.

 

Sam Donabedian, individually and on behalf of those similarly situated v. Mercury Insurance Company, et al., was originally filed on April 20, 2001 in the Los Angeles Superior Court, asserting, among other things, a claim that the Company’s calculation of persistency discounts to determine premiums is an unfair business practice, a violation of the California Consumer Legal Remedies Act (“CLRA”) and a breach of the covenant of good faith and fair dealing. The Company originally prevailed on a Demurrer to the Complaint and the case was dismissed; however, the California Court of Appeal reversed the trial court’s ruling, deciding that the California Insurance Commissioner does not have the exclusive right to review the calculation of insurance rates/premiums. After filing two additional pleadings, on June 28, 2005, the Plaintiff filed a Fourth Amended Complaint asserting claims for violation of California Business & Professions Code Section 17200 and breach of the covenant of good faith and fair dealing (the CLRA claim previously had been dismissed with prejudice). Plaintiff again sought injunctive relief, unspecified restitution and monetary damages as well as punitive damages and attorneys’ fees and costs. Without leave of court, the Plaintiff also attempted to state claims for breach of contract and fraud. The Company filed a Demurrer and Motion to Strike certain portions of the Plaintiff’s Fourth Amended Complaint. Following a hearing on September 19, 2005, the Court took the matter under submission. While the motions were under submission, counsel for the Plaintiff asked Mercurythe Company to engage in settlement discussions. The Court agreed to stay the matter and counsel for the Plaintiff and the Company met on several occasions to seek resolution, but none was reached.

 

Additionally, over the Company’s objection, on May 9, 2005, the trial court permitted The Foundation for Taxpayer and Consumer Rights (“FTCR”) to file a Complaint in Intervention to allege that the Company’s calculation of persistency discounts constitutes a violation of insurance Code Section 1861.02(a) and (c). Following a ruling by the Court of Appeal in another case which found that there is no private right of action to allege violations of Section 1861.02, the Company brought a motion for judgment on the pleadings to have FTCR’s Complaint in Intervention dismissed. That motion was heard on April 28, 2006. Subsequent to the hearing, FTCR filed an amended complaint in intervention, and Mercurythe Company again filed a motion for judgment on the pleadings, which the

80


MERCURY GENERAL CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS—(Continued)

December 31, 2007 and 2006

Court denied at a hearing on July 31, 2006. In view of the then on-going settlement discussions with the Plaintiff, the Company did not seek further appellate review of the Court’s ruling, but is now contemplating whether to challenge FTCR’s participation in the case since the class settlement was not approved.ruling.

 

During the fall of 2005, counsel for the Plaintiff and the Company met on several occasions in an effort to resolve the case. FTCR was not invited to participate in these discussions. When Plaintiff and the Company were not able to reach a resolution, the Court ordered the parties to a settlement conference before another judge. On August 1, 2006, following three settlement conferences, the Company and the Plaintiff reached a preliminary settlement which was subject to completion of the class approval process and was also subject to objections and review by the Court. Prior to the hearing scheduled for October 30, 2006, the FTCR filed objections to the proposed settlement. Also, shortly before the hearing, the California DOI filed a letter with the Court contending that the terms of the settlement, which provided for a coupon to class members to be used toward the purchase of “new,” not renewal business, constituted a “discount” of insurance rates and thus would be subject to the California DOI’s approval. Following several delays and further briefing by the parties, at a hearing on February 5, 2007, the Court declined to give preliminary approval to the proposed settlement. Accordingly, upon the Company’s request, the tentative ruling on the Company’s demurrer and motion to strike was unsealed. The Court sustained the Company’s

80


MERCURY GENERAL CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS—(Continued)

December 31, 2006 and 2005

demurrer to all but the Section 17200 claim, as well as a claim for alleged violation of Insurance Code Section 1861.02 which Plaintiff’s counsel now has indicated will be voluntarily dismissed.the parties subsequently stipulated to dismiss. The Court also granted the Company’s request to strike the punitive damage claim. It is expectedOn February 27, 2007, the Court determined, at the Company’s request, that the Court will establishwould initially evaluate the Company’s defenses that its conduct was protected by the administrative estoppel and filed rate plan doctrines and thus the Company has no liability in the case and established a schedule for discovery and briefing on these issues. Thereafter, the Company and Plaintiff continued settlement discussions and ultimately were able to reach an agreement which has preliminarily been approved by the Court. The settlement provides for the Company to issue coupons to class members (who do not opt out of administrative estoppel (that is whether the Company’s conduct was protected and/class) that can be used towards new or reasonable sincerenewal business in a minimum aggregate amount of $5 million, and if coupons up to that amount are not redeemed, the persistency discount was partdifference will go to charities to be designated by the Court. The Company submitted the filing to the California DOI for approval and the terms of a rate filing planthe settlement were approved by the California DOI).DOI in September 2007. Accordingly, the Company has mailed notice of the settlement to all class members who will then have a period of time to object or opt out of the settlement if they choose not to participate. A settlement was approved by the Court on December 14, 2007. The parties haveCourt also considered FTCR’s request for attorney’s fees and took the matter under submission. Prior to the Court’s ruling on the matter, the Plaintiff agreed to litigate this issue first.reduce its $1,575,000 in agreed upon fees by $250,000, payable to FTCR, and the Company agreed to give FTCR an additional $250,000 for a total payment of attorneys’ fees by the Company to Plaintiffs’ counsel of $1,325,000 and to counsel for FTCR of $500,000 with any additional fees claimed by FTCR to come from any monies that remain available in the guaranteed $5 million that the Company has committed in the settlement after redemption of coupons issued to class members. The agreed upon counsel fees have been accrued as of December 31, 2007. The judgment will be final on March 25, 2008 unless an appeal is taken.

 

WhileAlthough the ultimateCompany continues to believe that it has strong defenses to the action, given the California DOI’s actions in connection with the Company’s application of the persistency discount, the proposed settlement is believed to be a favorable outcome of thisthe case cannot be anticipated at this time,considering the cost, inconvenience and uncertainty of litigation. The Company will continueaccrued $5 million as a reduction in premiums in the second quarter of 2007 related to vigorously defendthe settlement of this case.

 

InMarissa Goodman, on her own behalf and on behalf of all others similarly situated v. Mercury Insurance Company (Los Angeles Superior Court), filed June 16, 2002, the Plaintiff is challenging the Company’s use of certain automated database vendors to assist in valuing claims for medical payments. The Plaintiff filed a motion seeking class action certification to include all of the Company’s insureds from 1998 to the present who presented

81


MERCURY GENERAL CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS—(Continued)

December 31, 2007 and 2006

a medical payments claim, had the claim reduced using the computer program and whose claim did not reach the policy limits for medical payments. On January 11, 2007, the Court certified the requested class and scheduled aclass notice has been sent to approximately 14,000 class members. The Company has appealed the class certification ruling, and the Court of Appeal has stayed the case management conference to discuss notifying class members.pending their review. The Plaintiff alleges that these automated databases systematically undervalue medical payment claims to the detriment of insureds. The Plaintiff is seeking unspecified actual and punitive damages. Similar lawsuits have been filed against other insurance carriers in the industry. The case has been coordinated with two other similar cases, and also with ten other cases relating to total loss claims. The Court denied the Company’s Motion for Summary Judgment holding that there is an issue of fact as to whether Ms. Goodman sustained any damages as a result of the Company’s handling of her medical payments claim. The original trial date has been vacated by the Court and not rescheduled. The Company is not able to evaluate the likelihood of an unfavorable outcome or to estimate a range of potential loss in the event of an unfavorable outcome at the present time. The Company intends to vigorously defend this lawsuit jointly with the other defendants in the coordinated proceedings.

Robert Dolan, et al. v. Mercury Insurance Company, et al., is a collective action claim filed in April of 2006, in the United States District Court for the Middle District of Florida. The plaintiffs, former automobile policy field adjusters, claim that they and the members of the class they seek to represent were denied overtime compensation in violation of the federal Fair Labor Standards Act. The plaintiffs are seeking certification of a nationwide class of field adjusters for a period of three years preceding the filing of the action, and recovery of allegedly unpaid overtime compensation, liquidated damages, and attorneys’ fees and costs. The Court has granted conditional certification for notice purposes. In February 2007, the Company and the Plaintiff reached a preliminaryhave agreed to settle the claims for an amount that is immaterial to the Company’s operations and financial position. The settlement which is subject to review and approval by the Court. The Company expects the Court will approve the settlement. The ultimate outcome of this case cannotmatter is not expected to be anticipated at this time andmaterial to the Company’s financial position.

On March 28, 2006, the California State Board of Equalization (“SBE”) upheld Notices of Proposed Assessments issued against the Company cannotfor tax years 1993 through 1996 in which the California Franchise Tax Board disallowed a portion of the Company’s expenses related to management services provided to its insurance company subsidiaries. As a result of this ruling, the Company recorded an income tax charge (including penalties and interest) of approximately $15 million, after federal tax benefit, in the first quarter of 2006. On April 24, 2007, the Company filed a complaint in the Superior Court for the City and County of San Francisco challenging the SBE decision and seeking recovery of the taxes, penalties and interest paid by the Company as a result of the SBE decision. The trial has been scheduled for April 28, 2008. The Company believes that the deduction of the expenses related to management services provided to its insurance company subsidiaries is appropriate and intends to vigorously prosecute the case.

InRobert Krumme, On Behalf Of The General Public v. Mercury Insurance Company, Mercury Casualty Company, and California Automobile Insurance Company (Superior Court for the City and County of San Francisco), the Court issued a modified injunction on July 11, 2005 that, among other things, required the Company to accept applications for insurance from any California licensed broker with limited exceptions, restricted the use of broker manuals and communications with brokers by the Company’s field personnel, and required the Company to compensate brokers at the same rate based on volume of sales. The Company has implemented changes to its operations and believes that it is in compliance with the modified injunction. At the time the injunction was issued, the Court stated that it would consider vacating the modified injunction following a one year period of review of the changes in the Company’s operations. In March 2007, the Company filed a motion seeking to vacate the modified injunction. At the hearing, the Court ordered that counsel be permitted to conduct a further limited investigation and to file a report for further consideration by the Court. The Company is unable to determine ifwhether the settlementmodified injunction will be approved byvacated or estimate the Court or the potential impact of the settlementCourt’s decision regarding the modified injunction on future trends in earnings or the case, if the settlement is not approved, on the Company’s financial results.loss ratios.

 

The Company is also involved in proceedings relating to assessments and rulings made by the California Franchise Tax Board. See Note 6 of Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements.

 

(11)    Profit Sharing Plan

 

The Company, at the option of the Board of Directors, may make annual contributions to an employee Profit Sharing Plan (the “Plan”). The contributions are not to exceed the greater of the Company’s net income for the plan year or its retained earnings at that date. In addition, the annual contributions may not exceed an amount equal to 15% of the compensation paid or accrued during the year to all participants under the Plan. The annual contribution was $1,900,000, $1,850,000 and $1,700,000 for 2006, 2005 and 2004, respectively.

 

8182


MERCURY GENERAL CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES

 

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS—(Continued)

 

December 31, 2007 and 2006

15% of the compensation paid or accrued during the year to all participants under the Plan. The annual contribution was $1,900,000, $1,900,000 and $1,850,000 for 2007, 2006 and 2005, respectively.

 

The Plan includes an option for employees to make salary deferrals under Section 401(k) of the Internal Revenue Code. Company matching contributions, at a rate set by the Board of Directors, totaled $5,056,000, $4,512,000 and $3,861,000 for 2007, 2006 and $2,841,000 for 2006, 2005, and 2004, respectively.

 

The Plan also includes an employee stock ownership plan (“ESOP”) that covers substantially all employees. The Board of Directors authorized the Plan to purchase $1.2 million of the Company’s common stock in the open market for allocation to the Plan participants. The Company recognized $1,200,000, $1,100,000$1,200,000 and $1,000,000$1,100,000 as compensation expense in 2007, 2006 2005 and 2004,2005, respectively.

 

(12)    Share-Based Compensation

 

In May 1995, the Company adopted the 1995 Equity Participation Plan (the “1995 Plan”) which succeeded a prior plan. In May 2005, the Company adopted the 2005 Equity Incentive Award Plan (the “2005 Plan”) which succeeds the 1995 Plan. Share-based compensation awards may only be granted under the 2005 Plan. A combined total of 5,400,000 shares of Common Stock under the 1995 Plan and the 2005 Plan are authorized for issuance upon exercise of options, stock appreciation rights and other awards, or upon vesting of restricted or deferred stock awards. The maximum number of shares that may be issued under the 2005 Plan is 5,400,000. As of December 31, 2006,2007, only options and restricted stock awards have been granted under these plans. Options granted for which the Company has recognized share-based compensation expense generally become exercisable 20% per year beginning one year from the date granted, are granted at the market price on the date of grant, and expire after 10 years. During 2006, the Company granted restricted stock awards to an employee and subsequently cancelled the total shares following her resignation in the same year. The Company has no restricted stock outstanding as of December 31, 2007.

 

On May 5, 2006,No share-based compensation was recognized in 2005. The following table presents net income and earnings per common share in 2005 as if the Company’s Compensation Committee approvedCompany had recognized share-based compensation using the grant of 17,385 shares of restricted stock under the 2005 Plan. The restricted stock was to vest in four equal installments of 25% on the first four anniversaries of the grant date. All of the 17,385 shares of the restricted stock were cancelled as of October 30, 2006 following the resignation of the Company’s officer who received the award.fair-value-based method:

   2005 

Net income, as reported

  $253,259,000 

Deduct: Total share-based compensation determined under fair-value-based method for all awards, net of tax

   (599,000)
     

Pro forma net income

  $252,660,000 
     

Earnings per common share:

  

Basic—as reported

  $4.64 

Basic—pro forma

  $4.63 

Diluted—as reported

  $4.63 

Diluted—pro forma

  $4.62 

 

The effect of adopting SFAS No. 123R on the Company’s consolidated financial statements in 2006 is as follows:

Share-based compensation expense

  $885,000 

Tax benefit

   (260,000)
     

Net decrease in net income

  $625,000 
     

Effect on:

  

Basic earnings per common share

  $(0.01)

Diluted earnings per common share

  $(0.01)

Effect on:

  

Cash flows from operating activities

  $(505,000)

Cash flows from financing activities

  $505,000 

8283


MERCURY GENERAL CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES

 

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS—(Continued)

 

December 31, 20062007 and 20052006

No share-based compensation was recognized in 2005 and 2004, however, the following table presents net income and earnings per common share as if the Company recognized share-based compensation using the fair-value-based method:

   2005  2004 

Net income, as reported

  $253,259,000  $286,208,000 

Deduct:  Total share-based compensation determined under fair-value-based method for all awards, net of tax

   (599,000)  (543,000)
         

Pro forma net income

  $252,660,000  $285,665,000 
         

Earnings per common share:

   

Basic—as reported

  $4.64  $5.25 

Basic—pro forma

  $4.63  $5.24 

Diluted—as reported

  $4.63  $5.24 

Diluted—pro forma

  $4.62  $5.23 

 

Prior to the adoption of SFAS No. 123R, the Company presented all tax benefits resulting from the exercise of stock options as cash provided by operating activities in the consolidated statements of cash flows. SFAS No.123RNo. 123R requires the cash flows resulting from excess tax benefits of tax deductions in excess of the compensation cost recognized for those options to be classified as cash provided by financing activities.

 

Cash received from option exercises during 2007, 2006 and 2005 was $2,173,000, $1,943,000 and 2004 was $1,943,000, $2,394,000, and $2,188,000, respectively. The excess tax benefit realized during 2007 and 2006 and the actual tax benefit realized during 2005 and 2004 for the tax deduction from option exercises of the share-based payment awards totaled $273,000, $505,000 $503,000 and $565,000,$503,000, respectively.

 

The fair value of stock option awards was estimated using the Black-Scholes option pricing model with the following grant-date assumptions and weighted-average fair values:

 

  Year Ended December 31,  Year Ended December 31,
  2006  2005  2004  2007  2006  2005

Weighted-average fair value of grants

  $10.62  $12.98  $13.80  $7.45  $10.62  $12.98

Expected volatility

  20.56%-24.22%  26.44%-27.98%  29.36%-30.09%  17.87%-18.50%  20.56%-24.22%  26.44%-27.98%

Weighted-average expected volatility

  20.56%  26.44%  29.36%  18.14%  20.56%  26.44%

Risk-free interest rate

  4.54%-5.00%  3.82%-4.31%  3.46%-3.97%  4.02%-4.91%  4.54%-5.00%  3.82%-4.31%

Dividend yield

  3.41%-3.74%  2.87%-3.11%  2.47%-2.98%

Expected dividend yield

  3.77%-4.13%  3.41%-3.74%  2.87%-3.11%

Expected term in months

  72  72  72  72  72  72

 

The risk free interest rate is determined based on U.S. Treasury yields with equivalent remaining terms in effect at the time of the grant. The expected volatility on the date of grant is calculated based on historical volatility over the expected term of the options. The expected term computation is based on historical exercise patterns and post-vesting termination behavior.

 

83A summary of the stock option activity of the Company’s plans in 2007 is presented below:

   Shares  Weighted-
Average
Exercise
Price
  Weighted-
Average
Remaining
Contractual
Term
(years)
  Aggregate
Intrinsic
Value (in
000’s)

Outstanding at January 1, 2007

  467,052  $44.81    

Granted

  114,500   51.94    

Exercised

  (60,307)  36.04    

Cancelled or expired

  (44,000)  54.94    
         

Outstanding at December 31, 2007

  477,245  $46.70  6.2  $2,506
              

Vested or expected to vest at December 31, 2007

  477,245  $46.70  6.2  $2,506
              

Exercisable at December 31, 2007

  277,545  $42.06  4.4  $2,457
              

84


MERCURY GENERAL CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES

 

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS—(Continued)

 

December 31, 20062007 and 20052006

A summary of the stock option activity of the Company’s plans for 2006 is presented below:

   Shares  Weighted-
Average
Exercise
Price
  Weighted-
Average
Remaining
Contractual
Term
(years)
  

Aggregate
Intrinsic
Value

(in 000’s)

Outstanding at January 1, 2006

  542,452  $42.33    

Granted

  60,000   56.61    

Exercised

  (64,200)  30.26    

Cancelled or expired

  (71,200)  48.95    
         

Outstanding at December 31, 2006

  467,052  $44.81  6.0  $4,235
              

Vested or expected to vest at December 31, 2006

  467,052  $44.81  6.0  $4,235
              

Exercisable at December 31, 2006

  290,352  $39.62  4.7  $3,889
              

 

The aggregate intrinsic value in the table above represents the total pretax intrinsic value (the difference between the Company’s closing stock price and the exercise price, multiplied by the number of in-the-money options) that would have been received by the option holders had all options been exercised on December 31, 2006.2007. The aggregate intrinsic value of stock options exercised during 2007, 2006 and 2005 was $1,134,000, $1,661,000 and 2004 was $3,604,000, $5,174,000 and $4,663,000,$2,780,000, respectively. The total fair value of options vested during 2007, 2006 and 2005 was $487,000, $886,000 and 2004 was $886,000, $827,000, and $759,000, respectively.

 

The following table summarizes information regarding the stock options outstanding at December 31, 2006:2007:

 

  

Options Outstanding

  Options Exercisable  Options Outstanding  Options Exercisable

Range of Exercise Prices

  Number
Outstanding
  Weighted Avg.
Remaining
Contractual Life
  

Weighted Avg.
Exercise

Price

  Number
Exercisable
  

Weighted Avg.
Exercise

Price

  Number
Outstanding
  Weighted Avg.
Remaining
Contractual Life
  Weighted
Avg.
Exercise

Price
  Number
Exercisable
  Weighted Avg.
Exercise

Price

$21.75 to 29.77

  50,352  3.4  $25.65  50,352  $25.65  27,245  2.3  $25.31  27,245  $25.31

$31.22 to 58.83

  416,700  6.4  $47.12  240,000  $39.62  450,000  6.4  $47.99  250,300  $43.88

 

As of December 31, 2006, $1,791,0002007, $1,683,000 of total unrecognized compensation cost related to non-vested stock options is expected to be recognized over a weighted-average period of 2.2 years.

84


MERCURY GENERAL CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS—(Continued)

December 31, 2006 and 2005

 

(13)    Earnings Per Share

 

A reconciliation of the numerator and denominator used in the basic and diluted earnings per share calculation is presented below:

 

 2006 2005 2004
 (000’s) (000’s)   (000’s) (000’s)   (000’s) (000’s)   2007 2006 2005
 Income
(Numerator)
 Weighted
Shares
(Denomi-
nator)
 Per-Share
Amount
 Income
(Numerator)
 Weighted
Shares
(Denomi-
nator)
 Per-Share
Amount
 Income
(Numerator)
 Weighted
Shares
(Denomi-
nator)
 Per-Share
Amount
 (000’s)

 

Income
(Numerator)

 (000’s)
Weighted
Shares
(Denominator)
 Per-Share
Amount
 (000’s)

 

Income
(Numerator)

 (000’s)
Weighted
Shares
(Denominator)
 Per-Share
Amount
 (000’s)

 

Income
(Numerator)

 (000’s)
Weighted
Shares
(Denominator)
 Per-Share
Amount

Basic EPS

                  

Income available to common stockholders

 $214,817 54,651 $3.93 $253,259 54,566 $4.64 $286,208 54,471 $5.25 $237,832 54,704 $4.35 $214,817 54,651 $3.93 $253,259 54,566 $4.64

Effect of dilutive securities:

                  

Options

  —   135   —   151   —   162   —   125   —   135   —   151 
                              

Diluted EPS

                  

Income available to common stockholders after assumed conversions

 $214,817 54,786 $3.92 $253,259 54,717 $4.63 $286,208 54,633 $5.24 $237,832 54,829 $4.34 $214,817 54,786 $3.92 $253,259 54,717 $4.63
                                    

 

The diluted weighted shares excludes incremental shares of 88,000, 107,000 and 19,000 for 2007, 2006 and 8,000 for 2006, 2005, and 2004, respectively. These shares are excluded due to their antidilutive effect.

 

85


Item 9.    Changes in and Disagreements with Accountants on Accounting and Financial Disclosure

 

None.

 

Item 9A.    Controls and Procedures

 

Evaluation of Disclosure Controls and Procedures

 

The Company maintains disclosure controls and procedures designed to ensure that information required to be disclosed in the Company’s reports filed under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, is recorded, processed, summarized and reported within the time periods specified in the Securities and Exchange Commission rules and forms, and that such information is accumulated and communicated to the Company’s management, including its Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, as appropriate, to allow for timely decisions regarding required disclosure. In designing and evaluating the disclosure controls and procedures, management recognizes that any controls and procedures, no matter how well designed and operated, can provide only reasonable assurance of achieving the desired control objectives, and management necessarily was required to apply its judgment in evaluating the cost benefit relationship of possible controls and procedures.

 

As required by Securities and Exchange Commission Rule 13a-15(b), the Company carried out an evaluation, under the supervision and with the participation of the Company’s management, including the Company’s Chief Executive Officer and the Company’s Chief Financial Officer, of the effectiveness of the design and operation of the Company’s disclosure controls and procedures as of the end of the period covered by this report. Based on the foregoing, the Company’s Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer concluded that the Company’s disclosure controls and procedures were effective at the reasonable assurance level.

 

Changes in Internal Control over Financial Reporting

 

There has been no change in the Company’s internal controlscontrol over financial reporting during the Company’s most recent fiscal quarter that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, the Company’s internal controlscontrol over financial reporting. The Company’s process for evaluating controls and procedures is continuous and encompasses constant improvement of the design and effectiveness of established controls and procedures and the remediation of any deficiencies which may be identified during this process.

 

Management’s Report on Internal Control over Financial Reporting

 

The management of the Company is responsible for establishing and maintaining adequate internal control over financial reporting. The Company’s internal control system was designed to provide reasonable assurance to the Company’s management and board of directors regarding the preparation and fair presentation of published financial statements.

 

All internal control systems, no matter how well designed, have inherent limitations. Therefore, even those systems determined to be effective can provide only reasonable assurance with respect to financial statement preparation and presentation.

 

The Company’s management assessed the effectiveness of the Company’s internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2006.2007. In making this assessment, it used the criteria set forth by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission (COSO) inInternal Control—Integrated Framework.Based upon its assessment, the Company’s management believes that, as of December 31, 2006,2007, the Company’s internal control over financial reporting is effective based on these criteria.

 

The Company’s independent auditors have issued an audit report on management’s assessmentthe effectiveness of the Company’s internal control over financial reporting. This report appears on page 57.56.

 

Item 9B.    Other Information

 

None.

 

86


PART III

 

Item 10.    Directors and Executive Officers and Corporate Governanceof the Registrant

 

Item 11.    Executive Compensation

 

Item 12.    Security Ownership of Certain Beneficial Owners and Management and Related Stockholder Matters

 

Item 13.    Certain Relationships and Related Transactions Director Independence

 

Item 14.    Principal AccountantAccounting Fees and Services

 

Information regarding executive officers of the Company is included in Part I. For information called for by Items 10, 11, 12, 13 and 14 reference is made to the Company’s definitive proxy statement for its Annual Meeting of Shareholders, to be held on May 9, 2007,14, 2008, which will be filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission within 120 days after December 31, 20062007 and which is incorporated herein by reference.

 

PART IV

 

Item 15.    Exhibits, and Financial Statement Schedules

 

(a) The following documents are filed as a part of this report:

 

 1. Financial Statements: The Consolidated Financial Statements for the year ended December 31, 20062007 are contained herein as listed in the Index to Consolidated Financial Statements on page 55.54.

 

 2. Financial Statement Schedules:

 

Title

Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm

Schedule I—Summary of Investments—Other than Investments in Related Parties

Schedule II—Condensed Financial Information of Registrant

Schedule IV—Reinsurance

 

All other schedules are omitted as the required information is inapplicable or the information is presented in the Consolidated Financial Statements or Notes thereto.

 

 3. Exhibits

 

  3.1(1)  

Articles of Incorporation of the Company, as amended to date.

  3.2(2)��  

By-lawsAmended and Restated Bylaws of the Company, as amended to date.Company.

  4.1(3)  

Shareholders’ Agreement dated as of October 7, 1985 among the Company, George Joseph and Gloria Joseph.

  4.2(4)  

Indenture between the Company and Bank One Trust Company, N.A., as Trustee dated as of June 1, 2001.

  4.3(5)  

Officers’ Certificate establishing the Company’s 7.25% Senior Notes due 2011 as a series of securities under the Indenture dated as of June 1, 2001 between Mercury General Corporation and Bank One Trust Company, N.A.

10.1(1)  

Form of Agency Contract.

10.2(6)*  

Profit Sharing Plan, as Amended and Restated as of March 11, 1994.

10.3(7)*  

Amendment 1994-I to the Mercury General Corporation Profit Sharing Plan.

 

87


10.4(7)* 

Amendment 1994-II to the Mercury General Corporation Profit Sharing Plan.

10.5(8)* 

Amendment 1996-I to the Mercury General Corporation Profit Sharing Plan.

10.6(8)* 

Amendment 1997-I to the Mercury General Corporation Profit Sharing Plan.

10.7(1)* 

Amendment 1998-I to the Mercury General Corporation Profit Sharing Plan.

10.8(9)* 

Amendment 1999-I and Amendment 1999-II to the Mercury General Corporation Profit Sharing Plan.

10.9(12)* 

Amendment 2001-I to the Mercury General Corporation Profit Sharing Plan.

10.10(13)* 

Amendment 2002-1 to the Mercury General Corporation Profit Sharing Plan.

10.11(13)* 

Amendment 2002-2 to the Mercury General Corporation Profit Sharing Plan.

10.12(2)10.12(16)* 

Amendment 2003-1 to the Mercury General Corporation Profit Sharing Plan.

10.13(2)10.13(16)* 

Amendment 2004-1 to the Mercury General Corporation Profit Sharing Plan.

10.14* 

Amendment 2006-1 to the Mercury General Corporation Profit Sharing Plan.

10.15(20)*

Amendment 2006-2 to the Mercury General Corporation Profit Sharing Plan.

10.15(10)*10.16* 

The 1995 Equity ParticipationAmendment 2007-1 to the Mercury General Corporation Profit Sharing Plan.

10.16(11)10.17(10)*The 1995 Equity Participation Plan.
10.18(11) 

Management agreement effective January 1, 2001 between Mercury Insurance Services, LLC and Mercury Casualty Company, Mercury Insurance Company, California Automobile Insurance Company and California General Underwriters Insurance Company.

10.17(11)10.19(11) 

Management Agreement effective January 1, 2001 between Mercury Insurance Services, LLC and American Mercury Insurance Company.

10.18(11)10.20(11) 

Management Agreement effective January 1, 2001 between Mercury Insurance Services, LLC and Mercury Insurance Company of Georgia.

10.19(11)10.21(11) 

Management Agreement effective January 1, 2001 between Mercury Insurance Services, LLC and Mercury Indemnity Company of Georgia.

10.20(11)10.22(11) 

Management Agreement effective January 1, 2001 between Mercury Insurance Services, LLC and Mercury Insurance Company of Illinois.

10.21(11)10.23(11) 

Management Agreement effective January 1, 2001 between Mercury Insurance Services, LLC and Mercury Indemnity Company of Illinois.

10.22(12)10.24(12) 

Management Agreement effective January 1, 2002 between Mercury Insurance Services, LLC and Mercury Insurance Company of Florida and Mercury Indemnity Company of Florida.

10.2310.25(20) 

Management Agreement dated January 22, 1997 between Mercury County Mutual Insurance Company (formerly known as Elm County Mutual Insurance Company and Vesta County Mutual Insurance Company) and Mercury Insurance Services, LLC (as successor in interest).

10.24(14)10.26(14)* 

Director Compensation Arrangements.

10.25(15)10.27(15)* 

Mercury General Corporation Senior Executive Incentive Bonus Plan.

10.26(16)10.28(17)* 

Mercury General Corporation 2005 Equity Incentive Award Plan.

10.27(17)10.29(18)* 

Incentive Stock Option Agreement under the Mercury General Corporation 2005 Equity Incentive Award Plan.

10.28(18)10.30(19)* 

Restricted Stock Agreement under the Mercury General Corporation 2005 Equity Incentive Award Plan.

21.121.1(20) 

Subsidiaries of the Company.

23.1 

Consent of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm.

31.1 

Certification of Registrant’s Chief Executive Officer pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 20022002.

88


31.2  

Certification of Registrant’s Chief Financial Officer pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 20022002.

88


32.1  

Certification of Registrant’s Chief Executive Officer pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as created by Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002. This certification is being furnished solely to accompany this Annual Report on Form 10-K and is not being filed for purposes of Section 18 of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, and is not to be incorporated by reference into any filing of the Company.

32.2  

Certification of Registrant’s Chief Financial Officer pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as created by Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002. This certification is being furnished solely to accompany this Annual Report on Form 10-K and is not being filed for purposes of Section 18 of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, and is not to be incorporated by reference into any filing of the Company.


  (1) This document was filed as an exhibit to Registrant’s Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 31, 1997, and is incorporated herein by this reference.

  (2) This document was filed as an exhibit to Registrant’s Form 10-K10-Q for the fiscal yearquarterly period ended December 31, 2004,September 30, 2007, and is incorporated herein by this reference

  (3) This document was filed as an exhibit to Registrant’s Registration Statement on Form S-1, File No. 33-899, and is incorporated herein by this reference.

  (4) This document was filed as an exhibit to Registrant’s Form S-3 filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on June 4, 2001, and is incorporated herein by this reference.

  (5) This document was filed as an exhibit to Registrant’s Form 8-K filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on August 6, 2001, and is incorporated herein by this reference.

  (6) This document was filed as an exhibit to Registrant’s Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 31, 1993, and is incorporated herein by this reference.

  (7) This document was filed as an exhibit to Registrant’s Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 31, 1994, and is incorporated herein by this reference.

  (8) This document was filed as an exhibit to Registrant’s Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 31, 1996, and is incorporated herein by this reference.

  (9) This document was filed as an exhibit to Registrant’s Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 31, 1999, and is incorporated herein by this reference.

(10) This document was filed as an exhibit to Registrant’s Form S-8 filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on March 8, 1996, and is incorporated herein by this reference.

(11) This document was filed as an exhibit to Registrant’s Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2000, and is incorporated herein by this reference.

(12) This document was filed as an exhibit to Registrant’s Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2001, and is incorporated herein by this reference.

(13) This document was filed as an exhibit to Registrant’s Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2002, and is incorporated herein by this reference.

(14) This document was filed as an exhibit to Registrant’s Form 8-K filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on February 3, 2005, and is incorporated herein by this reference.

(15) This document was filed as an exhibit to the Company’s Definitive Proxy Statement on Schedule 14A (File No. 001-12257) filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on April 8, 2003.

(16)This document was filed as an exhibit to Registrant’s Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2004, and is incorporated herein by this reference.

89


(17) This document was filed as an exhibit to the Company’s Definitive Proxy Statement on Schedule 14A (File No. 001-12257) filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on April 5, 2005.

(17)(18) This document was filed as an exhibit to Registrant’s Form 8-K filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on May 16, 2005,February 13, 2008, and is incorporated herein by this referencereference.

(18)(19) This document was filed as an exhibit to Registrant’s Form 10-Q for the quarterly period ended March 31, 2006, and is incorporated herein by this referencereference.

(20)This document was filed as an exhibit to Registrant’s Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2006, and is incorporated herein by this reference.

* Denotes management contract or compensatory plan or arrangement.

 

8990


SIGNATURES

 

Pursuant to the requirements of Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the Registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized.

 

MERCURY GENERAL CORPORATION

By

 

/s/    GABRIEL TIRADOR        

 

Gabriel Tirador

President and Chief Executive Officer

 

February 23, 200725, 2008

 

Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, this report has been signed below by the following persons on behalf of the Registrant and in the capacities and on the dates indicated.

 

Signature

  

Title

 

Date

/s/    GEORGE JOSEPH        

George Joseph

  

Chairman of the Board

 February 23, 200725, 2008

/s/    GABRIEL TIRADOR        

Gabriel Tirador

  

President and Chief Executive Officer and Director (Principal Executive Officer)

 February 23, 200725, 2008

/s/    THEODORE R. STALICK        

Theodore R. Stalick

  

Vice President and Chief Financial Officer (Principal Financial Officer and Principal Accounting Officer)

 February 23, 200725, 2008

/s/    NATHAN BESSIN        

Nathan Bessin

  

Director

 February 23, 200725, 2008

/s/    BRUCE A. BUNNER        

Bruce A. Bunner

  

Director

 February 23, 200725, 2008

/s/    MICHAEL D. CURTIUS        

Michael D. Curtius

  

Director

 February 23, 200725, 2008

/s/    RICHARD E. GRAYSON        

Richard E. Grayson

  

Director

 February 23, 200725, 2008

/s/    CHARLES MCCLUNGCCLUNG        

Charles McClung

  

Director

 February 23, 200725, 2008

/s/    DONALD P. NEWELL        

Donald P. Newell

  

Director

 February 23, 200725, 2008

/s/    DONALD R. SPUEHLER        

Donald R. Spuehler

  

Director

 February 23, 200725, 2008

 

9091


REPORT OF INDEPENDENT REGISTERED PUBLIC ACCOUNTING FIRM

 

The Board of Directors

Mercury General Corporation:

 

Under date of February 26, 2007,25, 2008, we reported on the consolidated balance sheets of Mercury General Corporation and subsidiaries as of December 31, 20062007 and 2005,2006, and the related consolidated statements of income, comprehensive income, shareholders’ equity, and cash flows for each of the years in the three-year period ended December 31, 2006,2007, as contained in the annual report on Form 10-K for the year 2006.2007. In connection with our audits of the aforementioned consolidated financial statements, we also audited the related financial statement schedules as listed under Item 15(a)2. These financial statement schedules are the responsibility of the management of Mercury General Corporation.Company’s management. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on these financial statement schedules based on our audits.

 

In our opinion, such financial statement schedules, when considered in relation to the basic consolidated financial statements taken as a whole, present fairly, in all material respects, the information set forth therein.

 

/s/    KPMG LLP

 

Los Angeles, California

February 26, 200725, 2008

 

S-1


SCHEDULE I

 

MERCURY GENERAL CORPORATION

 

SUMMARY OF INVESTMENTS

OTHER THAN INVESTMENTS IN RELATED PARTIES

 

December 31, 20062007

 

Type of Investment


  Cost

  Value

  

Amount at

which shown

in the

balance sheet


  Cost

  Value

  Amount at
which shown
in the
balance sheet

  Amounts in thousands  Amounts in thousands

Fixed maturities available for sale

         

Fixed maturities:

         

Bonds:

                  

U.S. government

  $133,733  $132,477  $132,477  $36,157  $36,375  $36,375

States, municipalities

   2,282,877   2,335,962   2,335,962   2,435,216   2,464,542   2,464,542

All other corporate bonds

   157,893   155,049   155,049

Corporate bonds

   141,272   138,700   138,700

Mortgage-backed securities

   273,420   271,733   271,733   245,731   246,072   246,072

Redeemable preferred stock

   3,792   3,766   3,766   2,079   2,071   2,071
  

  

  

  

  

  

Total fixed maturities available for sale

   2,851,715   2,898,987   2,898,987

Total fixed maturities

   2,860,455   2,887,760   2,887,760
  

  

  

  

  

  

Equity securities:

                  

Common stocks:

                  

Public utilities

   123,289   171,319   171,319   35,703   66,175   66,175

Banks, trust and insurance companies

   9,731   11,996   11,996   20,284   21,371   21,371

Industrial, miscellaneous and all other

   77,222   85,466   85,466   245,095   313,035   313,035

Nonredeemable preferred stocks

   48,068   49,668   49,668   29,913   27,656   27,656
  

  

  

  

  

  

Total equity securities available for sale

   258,310   318,449   318,449

Total equity securities

   330,995   428,237   428,237
  

  

  

  

  

  

Short-term investments

   282,302      282,302   272,678      272,678
  

     

  

     

Total investments

  $3,392,327     $3,499,738  $3,464,128     $3,588,675
  

     

  

     

 

S-2


SCHEDULE I

 

MERCURY GENERAL CORPORATION

 

SUMMARY OF INVESTMENTS

OTHER THAN INVESTMENTS IN RELATED PARTIES—(Continued)

 

December 31, 20052006

 

Type of Investment


  Cost

  Value

  

Amount at

which shown

in the

balance sheet


  Cost

  Value

  Amount at
which shown
in the
balance sheet

  Amounts in thousands  Amounts in thousands

Fixed maturities available for sale

         

Fixed maturities:

         

Bonds:

                  

U.S. government

  $201,456  $199,436  $199,436  $133,733  $132,477  $132,477

States, municipalities

   2,042,289   2,098,811   2,098,811   2,282,877   2,335,962   2,335,962

All other corporate bonds

   139,275   139,445   139,445

Corporate bonds

   157,893   155,049   155,049

Mortgage-backed securities

   206,248   203,353   203,353   273,420   271,733   271,733

Redeemable preferred stock

   4,477   4,510   4,510   3,792   3,766   3,766
  

  

  

  

  

  

Total fixed maturities available for sale

   2,593,745   2,645,555   2,645,555

Total fixed maturities

   2,851,715   2,898,987   2,898,987
  

  

  

  

  

  

Equity securities:

                  

Common stocks:

                  

Public utilities

   66,023   102,251   102,251   123,289   171,319   171,319

Banks, trust and insurance companies

   6,415   8,352   8,352   9,731   11,996   11,996

Industrial, miscellaneous and all other

   103,019   113,366   113,366   77,222   85,466   85,466

Nonredeemable preferred stocks

   49,853   52,139   52,139   48,068   49,668   49,668
  

  

  

  

  

  

Total equity securities available for sale

   225,310   276,108   276,108

Total equity securities

   258,310   318,449   318,449
  

  

  

  

  

  

Short-term investments

   321,049      321,049   282,302      282,302
  

     

  

     

Total investments

  $3,140,104     $3,242,712  $3,392,327     $3,499,738
  

     

  

     

 

S-3


SCHEDULE II

 

MERCURY GENERAL CORPORATION

 

CONDENSED FINANCIAL INFORMATION OF REGISTRANT

 

BALANCE SHEETS

 

December 31,

 

  2006

  2005

  2007

  2006

  Amounts in thousands  Amounts in thousands

ASSETS

            

Investments:

            

Fixed maturities available for sale (amortized cost $1,297 in 2006 and $1,615 in 2005)

  $1,338  $1,668

Equity securities, available for sale (cost $12,668 in 2006 and $13,847 in 2005)

   14,933   15,923

Short-term cash investments, at cost, which approximates market

   45,007   13,106

Fixed maturities available for sale, at fair value (amortized cost $961 in 2007 and $1,297 in 2006)

  $987  $1,338

Equity securities available for sale, at fair value (cost $17,716 in 2007 and $12,668 in 2006)

   20,121   14,933

Equity securities trading, at fair value (cost $6,282 in 2007)

   7,233   —  

Short-term investments, at cost, which approximates fair value

   37,776   45,007

Investment in subsidiaries

   1,772,607   1,680,782   1,915,871   1,772,607
  

  

  

  

Total investments

   1,833,885   1,711,479   1,981,988   1,833,885

Cash

   5,489   3,388   3,072   5,489

Amounts receivable from affiliates

   464   —     514   464

Income taxes

   26,865   22,019   8,895   26,865

Other assets

   6,282   8,993   11,074   6,282
  

  

  

  

Total assets

  $1,872,985  $1,745,879  $2,005,543  $1,872,985
  

  

  

  

LIABILITIES AND SHAREHOLDERS’ EQUITY

            

Notes payable

  $130,304  $132,290  $134,062  $130,304

Accounts payable and accrued expenses

   3,090   2,705   3,732   3,090

Amounts payable to affiliates

   —     88

Other liabilities

   15,461   2,959   5,751   15,461
  

  

  

  

Total liabilities

   148,855   138,042   143,545   148,855
  

  

  

  

Shareholders’ equity:

            

Common stock

   66,436   63,103   69,369   66,436

Accumulated other comprehensive income

   69,652   66,549   80,557   69,652

Retained earnings

   1,588,042   1,478,185   1,712,072   1,588,042
  

  

  

  

Total shareholders’ equity

   1,724,130   1,607,837   1,861,998   1,724,130
  

  

  

  

Total liabilities and shareholders’ equity

  $1,872,985  $1,745,879  $2,005,543  $1,872,985
  

  

  

  

 

See accompanying notes to condensed financial information.

 

S-4


SCHEDULE II

 

MERCURY GENERAL CORPORATION

 

CONDENSED FINANCIAL INFORMATION OF REGISTRANT—(Continued)

 

STATEMENTS OF INCOME

 

Three years ended December 31,

 

  2006

 2005

 2004

   2007

 2006

 2005

 
  Amounts in thousands   Amounts in thousands 

Revenues:

      

Net investment income

  $1,860  $1,914  $1,451   $2,813  $1,860  $1,914 

Other

   (1,336)  1,600   3,721    (3,147)  (1,336)  1,600 
  


 


 


  


 


 


Total revenues

   524   3,514   5,172    (334)  524   3,514 
  


 


 


  


 


 


Expenses:

      

Other operating expenses

   3,586   2,905   2,502    4,209   3,586   2,905 

Interest

   8,423   6,717   4,222    8,171   8,423   6,717 
  


 


 


  


 


 


Total expenses

   12,009   9,622   6,724    12,380   12,009   9,622 
  


 


 


  


 


 


Loss before income taxes and equity in net income of subsidiaries

   (11,485)  (6,108)  (1,552)   (12,714)  (11,485)  (6,108)

Income tax (benefit) expense

   10,536   (609)  2,590    (2,356)  10,536   (609)
  


 


 


  


 


 


Loss before equity in net income of subsidiaries

   (22,021)  (5,499)  (4,142)   (10,358)  (22,021)  (5,499)

Equity in net income of subsidiaries

   236,838   258,758   290,350    248,190   236,838   258,758 
  


 


 


  


 


 


Net income

  $214,817  $253,259  $286,208   $237,832  $214,817  $253,259 
  


 


 


  


 


 


 

 

See accompanying notes to condensed financial information.

 

S-5


SCHEDULE II

 

MERCURY GENERAL CORPORATION

 

CONDENSED FINANCIAL INFORMATION OF REGISTRANT—(Continued)

 

STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS

 

Three years ended December 31,

 

  2006

 2005

 2004

   2007

 2006

 2005

 
  Amounts in thousands   Amounts in thousands 

Cash flows from operating activities:

      

Net cash (used in) provided by operating activities

  $(10,463) $(27,383) $904 

Net cash used in operating activities

  $(9,627) $(10,733) $(27,400)

Cash flows from investing activities:

      

Capital contribution to controlled entities

   (20,000)  (15,000)  (22,000)   (11,250)  (20,000)  (15,000)

Dividends from subsidiaries

   168,000   134,000   99,000    127,000   168,000   134,000 

Fixed maturities, at market:

   

Fixed maturities available for sale:

   

Purchases

   (9)  —     —      —     (9)  —   

Sales

   333   —     —      —     333   —   

Calls or maturities

   —     303   282    353   —     303 

Equity securities:

   

Equity securities available for sale:

   

Purchases

   (73,311)  (85,445)  (21,252)   (52,121)  (73,310)  (85,445)

Sales

   72,469   87,849   24,901    47,764   72,469   87,849 

Calls

   —     —     1,250 

Increase in short term cash investments, net

   (31,901)  (639)  (3,968)

Decrease in payable for securities, net

   (204)  (254)  —   

Net decrease (increase) in short-term investments

   7,231   (31,901)  (639)

Other, net

   (207)  18   17 
  


 


 


  


 


 


Net cash provided by investing activities

   115,581   121,068   78,213    118,566   115,346   121,085 

Cash flows from financing activities:

      

Dividends paid to shareholders

   (104,960)  (93,867)  (80,632)   (113,802)  (104,960)  (93,866)

Stock options exercised

   1,943   2,394   2,188    2,173   1,943   2,393 

Excess tax benefit from exercise of stock options

   273   505   —   
  


 


 


  


 


 


Net cash used in financing activities

   (103,017)  (91,473)  (78,444)   (111,356)  (102,512)  (91,473)

Net increase in cash

   2,101   2,212   673 

Net (decrease) increase in cash

   (2,417)  2,101   2,212 

Cash:

      

Beginning of the year

   3,388   1,176   503    5,489   3,388   1,176 
  


 


 


  


 


 


End of the year

  $5,489  $3,388  $1,176   $3,072  $5,489  $3,388 
  


 


 


  


 


 


 

See accompanying notes to condensed financial information.

 

S-6


SCHEDULE II

 

MERCURY GENERAL CORPORATION

 

CONDENSED FINANCIAL INFORMATION OF REGISTRANT—(Continued)

 

NOTES TO CONDENSED FINANCIAL INFORMATION

 

December 31, 20062007 and 20052006

 

The accompanying condensed financial information should be read in conjunction with the consolidated financial statements and notes included in this statement.

 

Reclassifications

 

Certain reclassifications have been made to prior year balances to conform to the current year presentation.

 

Dividends Received From Subsidiaries

 

Dividends of $127,000,000, $168,000,000 $134,000,000 and $99,000,000$134,000,000 were received by the Company from its wholly-owned subsidiaries in 2007, 2006 2005 and 2004,2005, respectively, and are recorded as a reduction to Investmentinvestment in Subsidiaries.subsidiaries.

 

Capitalization of Subsidiaries

 

Capital contributions of $20,000,000$11,250,000 and $15,000,000$20,000,000 were made by the Company to its insurance subsidiaries during 2007 and 2006, and 2005, respectively.

Federal Income Taxes

The Company files a consolidated federal tax return with the following entities:

Mercury Casualty Company

Mercury Insurance Company

California General Underwriters Insurance Company, Inc.

California Automobile Insurance Company

Mercury Insurance Company of Illinois

Mercury National Insurance Company

Mercury Insurance Company of Georgia

Mercury Indemnity Company of Georgia

American Mercury Insurance Company

Mercury Select Management Company, Inc.

American Mercury Lloyds Insurance Company

American Mercury MGA, Inc.

Concord Insurance Services, Inc.

Mercury County Mutual Insurance Company

Mercury Insurance Company of Florida

Mercury Indemnity Company of America

Mercury Group, Inc.

The method of allocation between the companies is subject to agreement approved by the Board of Directors. Allocation is based upon separate return calculations with current credit for net losses incurred by the insurance subsidiaries to the extent it can be used in the current consolidated return.

 

S-7


SCHEDULE IV

 

MERCURY GENERAL CORPORATION

 

REINSURANCE

 

Three years ended December 31,

 

  

Direct

amount


  

Ceded to

other

companies


  Assumed

  

Net

amount


  Direct
amount


  Ceded to
other
companies


  Assumed

  Net
amount

  Amounts in thousands  Amounts in thousands

Property and Liability insurance earned premiums

                        

2007

  $2,996,927  $4,119  $1,069  $2,993,877

2006

  $3,007,007  $11,092  $1,108  $2,997,023  $3,007,007  $11,092  $1,108  $2,997,023

2005

  $2,856,598  $10,085  $1,220  $2,847,733  $2,856,598  $10,085  $1,220  $2,847,733

2004

  $2,534,307  $6,743  $1,072  $2,528,636

 

S-8