UNITED STATES

SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION

Washington, D.C. 20549

 


FORM 10-K

 


(Mark One)

x¨ANNUAL REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

For the fiscal year ended January 31, 20072008

OR

 

¨TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

For the transition period from            to            

Commission File Number 0-5449

 


COMARCO, INC.

(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)

 


 

California 95-2088894

(State or Other Jurisdiction

of Incorporation or Organization)

 

(I.R.S. Employer

Identification No.)

25541 Commercentre Drive, Lake Forest, CA 92630
(Address of Principal Executive Offices) (Zip Code)


Registrant’s telephone number, including area code:

(949) 599-7400

Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(g) of the Act: None

Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:

Common Stock

Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(g) of the Act:


None

Indicate by check mark if the registrant is a well-known seasoned issuer, as defined in Rule 405 of the Securities Act.    Yes  ¨    No  x

Indicate by check mark if the registrant is not required to file reports pursuant to Section 13 or Section 15(d) of the Act.    Yes  ¨    No  x

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant: (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days.    Yes  x    No  ¨

Indicate by check mark if disclosure of delinquent filers pursuant to Item 405 of Regulation S-K is not contained herein, and will not be contained, to the best of registrant’s knowledge, in definitive proxy or information statements incorporated by reference in Part III of this Form 10-K or any amendment to this Form    10-K.x

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, or a non-accelerated filer, (as definedor a smaller reporting company. See the definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer,” and “smaller reporting company in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act).Act.

Large accelerated filer  ¨    Accelerated filer  ¨    Non-accelerated filer (do not check if a smaller reporting company)  ¨

Smaller reporting company  x

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act).    Yes  ¨    No  x

As of July 31, 2006,2007, the aggregate market value of voting stock held by non-affiliates of the registrant was approximately $70$44 million.

The number of shares of the registrant’s common stock outstanding as of April 13, 20074, 2008 was 7,371,338.7,326,671.

Documents incorporated by reference:

Part III incorporates information by reference to portions of the registrant’s proxy statement for its fiscal 20072008 annual meeting of shareholders.

 



COMARCO, INC.

FORM 10-K

FOR THE FISCAL YEAR ENDED JANUARY 31, 20072008

TABLE OF CONTENTS

 

      Page

PART I

  1

ITEM 1.

  BUSINESS  1

ITEM 1A.

  RISK FACTORS  8

ITEM 1B.

  UNRESOLVED STAFF COMMENTS  1513

ITEM 2.

  PROPERTIES  1513

ITEM 3.

  LEGAL PROCEEDINGS  1514

ITEM 4.

  SUBMISSION OF MATTERS TO A VOTE OF SECURITY HOLDERS  1514

PART II

  1615

ITEM 5.

  MARKET FOR REGISTRANT’S COMMON EQUITY, RELATED STOCKHOLDER MATTERS AND ISSUER PURCHASES OF EQUITY SECURITIES  1615

ITEM 6.

  SELECTED FINANCIAL DATA  1716

ITEM 7.

  MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS  1817

ITEM 7A.

  QUANTITATIVE AND QUALITATIVE DISCLOSURES ABOUT MARKET RISK  4339

ITEM 8.

  FINANCIAL STATEMENTS AND SUPPLEMENTARY DATA  4440

ITEM 9.

  CHANGES IN AND DISAGREEMENTS WITH ACCOUNTANTS ON ACCOUNTING AND FINANCIAL DISCLOSURE  7469

ITEM 9A.

  CONTROLS AND PROCEDURES  7469

ITEM 9B.

  OTHER INFORMATION  7470

PART III

  7571

ITEM 10.

  DIRECTORS, EXECUTIVE OFFICERS, AND CORPORATE GOVERNANCE  7571

ITEM 11.

  EXECUTIVE COMPENSATION  7571

ITEM 12.

  SECURITY OWNERSHIP OF CERTAIN BENEFICIAL OWNERS AND MANAGEMENT AND RELATED STOCKHOLDER MATTERS  7571

ITEM 13.

  CERTAIN RELATIONSHIPS AND RELATED TRANSACTIONS, AND DIRECTOR INDEPENDENCE  7571

ITEM 14.

  PRINCIPAL ACCOUNTANT FEES AND SERVICES  7571

PART IV

  7672

ITEM 15.

  EXHIBITS AND FINANCIAL STATEMENT SCHEDULES  7672


PART I

FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS

This report on Form 10-K, including the section entitled “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations,” contains forward-looking statements within the meaning of Section 27A of the Securities Act of 1933 and Section 21E of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 regarding our business, financial condition, results of operations, and prospects. Words such as “expects,” “anticipates,” “intends,” “plans,” “believes,” “seeks,” “estimates,” and similar expressions or variations of such words are intended to identify forward-looking statements, but are not deemed to represent an all-inclusive means of identifying forward-looking statements as denoted in this report. Additionally, statements concerning future matters are forward-looking statements.

Although forward-looking statements in this report reflect the good faith judgment of our management, such statements can only be based on facts and factors currently known by us. Consequently, forward-looking statements are inherently subject to risks and uncertainties and actual results and outcomes may differ materially from the results and outcomes discussed in or anticipated by the forward-looking statements. Factors that could cause or contribute to such differences in results and outcomes include, without limitation, those specifically addressed under the section below entitled “Risk Factors,” as well as those discussed elsewhere in this report. Readers are urged not to place undue reliance on these forward-looking statements, which speak only as of the date of this report.

We undertake no obligation to revise or update any forward-looking statements in order to reflect any event or circumstance that may arise after the date of this report. Readers are urged to carefully review and consider the various disclosures made throughout the entirety of this report, which attempt to advise interested parties of the risks and factors that may affect our business, financial condition, results of operations, and prospects.

 

ITEM 1.BUSINESS

General

Comarco, Inc., through its subsidiary Comarco Wireless Technologies, Inc. (collectively, “we,” “Comarco,” or the “Company”), is a leading designer and manufacturer of external mobile power adapters used to power and charge notebook computers, mobile phones, BlackBerry® smartphones, iPods®, and many other rechargeable handheld devices. Comarco is also a provider of wireless test solutions for the wireless industry, as well as a provider of emergency call box systemsboxes and related maintenance services. Our operations consist solely of the operations of Comarco Wireless Technologies, Inc. (“CWT”), which was incorporated in the state of Delaware in September 1993. Comarco, Inc. is a California corporation whose common stock has been publicly traded since 1971 when it was spun-off from Genge Industries, Inc.

We have three primary businesses: mobile power products (“ChargeSource”ChargeSource®), wireless test solutions (“WTS”), and emergency call box systemsboxes (“call box” or “call box systems”Call Box”). Our mobile power productsChargeSource® business designs and manufactures external power adapters for notebook computers, mobile phones, and many other rechargeable handheld devices. Our WTS business designs and manufactures hardware and software tools for use by wireless carriers, equipment vendors, and others.service providers. Our call boxCall Box business designs, manufactures, and maintains emergency call box systems.boxes.

Our net revenue by business segment for fiscal 2008, 2007, 2006, and 20052006 was:

 

   Years Ended January 31,
   2007  2006  2005
   (In millions)

Business segment:

      

Mobile power products (ChargeSource)

  $16.7  $12.3  $5.8

Wireless test solutions

   15.3   24.5   16.8

Emergency call box systems

   15.7   10.0   6.6
            
  $47.7  $46.8  $29.2
            
   Years Ended January 31,
  2008  2007  2006
   (In millions)

Business segment:

      

ChargeSource®

  $5  $17  $12

Wireless Test Solutions

   7   15   25

Call Box

   11   16   10
            
  $23  $48  $47
            

More financial information about our business segments is contained in Note 2021 “Business Segment Information” of our consolidated financial statements.

References to “fiscal” years in this report refer to our fiscal years ended January 31; for example, “fiscal 2007”2008” refers to our fiscal year ended January 31, 2007.2008.

We file or furnish annual, quarterly, and current reports, proxy statements, and other information with the Securities and Exchange Commission (the “SEC”). Our SEC filings are available free of charge to the public over the Internet at the SEC’s website atonhttp://www.sec.gov. Our SEC filings are also available on our website athttp://www.comarco.com as soon as reasonably practical following the time that they are filed with or furnished to the SEC. Any document we file or furnish with the SEC can be read at the SEC’s Public Reference Room at 100 F Street, N.E., Washington, DC 20549. For further information on the Public Reference Room, call the SEC at (800) SEC-0330.

Our Businesses

Mobile Power Products (ChargeSource)ChargeSource®

Our ChargeSource® business designs and manufactures external power adapters for notebook computers, mobile phones, and many other rechargeable handheld devices. These mobile power products, which are designed with the needs of the traveling professional in mind, provide a high level of functionality and compatibility in an industry leading compact design.

Products

Our current and planned ChargeSource® product offering consists of external AC/DC, AC, and DC power adapters designed for the right mix of power output and functionality for most retail, original equipment manufacturer (“OEM”), and enterprise customers. Our ChargeSource® products are also programmable, allowing those who use multiple rechargeable electronic devices to carry just one power adapter. By simply changing the compact SmartTip® connected to the end of the charging cable, our external power adapters are capable of charging and powering multiple devices.

We believe our patented electrical designs will continue to be the basis for even higher-power external power adapters that are expected to meet evolving global standards, including the planned standards of the European Union (“EU”), and the increasing power requirements of the notebook computer OEMs, and allow us to offer customers cutting edge technology while significantly decreasing size and weight.

Our ChargeSource® business generated revenue totaling $5.4 million, $16.7 million, $12.3 million, and $5.8$12.3 million in fiscal 2008, 2007, and 2006, and 2005, respectively.

Wireless Test Solutions

Our WTS business designs and manufactures hardware and software tools for use by wireless carriers, equipment vendors, and others.service providers. Radio frequency engineers, network improvement professionals and technicians and others use these test tools to deploy and optimize wireless networks, and to verify the performance of the wireless networks and resulting quality of service once deployed.

Products

Our WTS product offering consists of integrated hardware and software solutions that are flexible, scalable, and modular, allowing our customers to analyze and test all 2G, 2.5G, and 3G technologies. Test applications include optimization and Quality of Service (“QoS”) testing/benchmarking of wireless networks, in-building or in-vehicle testing, fixed or mobile testing, and voice, data, or video testing.

Services

Our WTS business leases test systems on a limited basis. The demand for our leased equipment is primarily from customers providing engineering services to wireless carriers requiring QoS and benchmarking data on an outsourced basis.

Our WTS business generated revenue totaling $6.7 million, $15.3 million, $24.5 million, and $16.8$24.5 million in fiscal 2008, 2007, 2006, and 2005,2006, respectively.

Emergency Call Box Systems

Products

Our emergency call boxCall Box business designs, manufactures, and maintains emergency call box systemsboxes that incorporate digital wireless and text-telephony (“TTY”) technologies provided by wireless carriers for state and local governmental agencies primarily located in California and New York. Our call box productsboxes provide emergency communication over existing wireless networks and are typically deployed along major highways, and at schools, universities, shopping centers, and parks.

Services

In conjunction with the sale of call box products,boxes, we provide system installation and long-term maintenance services. Currently, there are approximately 10,8009,200 call boxes that we maintain under long-term agreements that expire at various dates through February 2011.January 2012. Under the terms of the maintenance agreements our governmentalwith government customers, each agreement can terminate their respective agreementbe terminated without cause upon 30-daysa 30-day written notice.

Our emergency call box systemsCall Box business generated revenue totaling $11.1 million, $15.7 million, $10.0 million, and $6.6$10.0 million in fiscal 2008, 2007, 2006, and 2005,2006, respectively.

Marketing, Sales, and Distribution

Mobile Power Products (ChargeSource)ChargeSource®

We believe demand for our mobile power products can be categorized into the following three distinct channels:

 

Retail;

 

OEM-branded accessories, and

 

OEM “in-the-box.”

Retail. To reach the retail consumer, we have historically entered into exclusive distribution agreements with a single tier-one distributor of consumer electronics. Our distribution partner brands our products and distributes them to retailers, focusing on national “big-box” retail chains and office superstores. Due to the terms of this exclusive distribution agreement, our direct access to certain significant distribution channels was limited. Accordingly, our success was dependeddependent to a large degree upon our exclusive distributor’s ability and willingness to effectively and

widely distribute our ChargeSource® products. As of January 31,During fiscal years 2008, 2007, and 2006, Kensington Technology Group (“Kensington”), a division of ACCO Brands Corporation (NYSE:ABD), was the exclusive retail channel distributor of our ChargeSource products and has been the source of the majority of our ChargeSource® revenue. Revenue generated by Kensington for fiscal 2008, 2007, and 2006 and 2005 totaled $4.6 million, $15.4 million, $11.8 million, and $0.9$11.8 million, respectively, or as a percentage of total ChargeSource® revenue, 86 percent, 92 percent, 96 percent, and 1696 percent, respectively.

To reduce our exposure to the risks related to depending upon a single powerful customer, as well as to expand our retail channel penetration, we have adopted a non-exclusive retail distribution strategy. This strategy is expected to drive volume through multiple non-exclusive distribution relationships, lower our per unit manufacturing cost, and allow us to penetrate the broader retail market and certain geographic regions that may be underserved under a single exclusive distribution arrangement. During the first quarter of fiscal 2008, we entered into a non-exclusive distribution arrangement with Kensington, thereby terminating our exclusive distribution agreement. Under this non-exclusive agreement, we have the right to penetrate all channels with multiple partners and Kensington has the right to purchase our products at competitive prices without volume minimums. Kensington is also able to purchase mobile power products from our competitors.

We expect to experience some disruption over the next several quarters as we transition our ChargeSource retail distribution model to one based on non-exclusive relationships with multiple distributors and brands.

OEM-branded accessories. The notebook computer OEMs offer an expansive selection of notebook computer accessories through their on-line retail portals, catalogs, and other channels. Many of these accessories have been designed to OEM specifications to be compatible and/or to complement their specific notebook computers. Typically, the OEMs will brand these products and market them in conjunction with the sale of their notebook computers.

Late in the fourth quarter of fiscal 2008, we began volume production of a small form factor 90-watt AC/DC external power adapter designed to the stringent specifications of Lenovo, a leading notebook computer OEM. We entered the first quarter of fiscal 2009 with a backlog of 216,000 units on order from Lenovo.

We typically work directly with thedistributors and OEMs on these designs and products in response to their requests. The desired products are both AC only and AC/DC, as well as with and without programmability. Once generally available, we expect to receive purchase orders from the OEM and deliver the ordered products directly from our contract manufacturer into their supply chain organization. We are currently designing several external power adapters to the specifications of a leading OEM.

OEM “in-the-box.” Notebook computers are typically sold with a conventional AC-only power adapter included with the purchase or “in-the-box.” These “in-the-box” adapters are manufactured for low cost and delivered in quantities of tens of millions per year. As notebook computer power and regulatory requirements increase, the size and weight of the power adapter may also increase. We believe our patented electrical design, which is the basis for our small and light power adapters, can address this large and growing market. As with OEM-branded accessories, we typically work directly with the OEMs on these designs and products in response to their requests. Products designed for this channel must be ultra-low cost and reliable, and must be manufactured in high volume. We are currently in the initial stages of responding to a request for “in-the-box” power adapters from a leading OEM.

Wireless Test Solutions

We market and sell our WTS products primarily to wireless carriers through a small direct sales force of technically trained personnel, as well as through select independent sales representatives, and affiliated and unaffiliated resellers. Our North America sales are made through our direct sales and marketing organizationsdepartments located in Lake Forest, California. Sales to our customers in Latin and South America are generally made through our

offices independent sales representatives located in Mexico City, Mexico, and Sao Palo,Paulo, Brazil, assisted by the sales and marketing organizations based in Lake Forest, California. These officesThe Lake Forest office also coordinatecoordinates the marketing, sales, and support efforts of a network of representatives and resellers responsible for sales to customers in other geographic regions.

Through December 31, 2006, Switzerland-based SwissQual AG (“SwissQual”) was responsible for reselling and supporting our co-branded Seven.Five products in Europe, the Middle East, and North Africa (our “European” region). During January 2006, we sold our 18 percent ownership interest in SwissQual, which we acquired during fiscal 2002. During January 2006, Spirent Communications plc (“Spirent”) acquired 100 percent of the outstanding shares of SwissQual, including our 18 percent ownership interest, for consideration totaling up to approximately $71.3 million. See section entitled “Wireless Test Solutions” of Item 7, “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations.” We currently have a revenue sharing agreement in place that determines how much revenue we earn from SwissQual sales and, conversely, how much revenue SwissQual earns from our sales to customers located outside the European region.region through December 31, 2010. The

revenue sharing is based upon sales of upgrades to the current installed base of Seven.Five systems. Both the revenue sharing that we earn from SwissQual and that we pay to SwissQual under the agreement is expected to diminish over time as both companies have introduced new products into the marketplace.

During November 2006, in response to increased competition in the QoS market, we announced a cooperative alliance with Ascom (SWX:ASCN)(Schweiz) AG (“Ascom”), a leading specialist in wireless onsite communications solutions based in Switzerland, to develop, market, and support next-generation wireless network QoS, optimization, and test measurement systems. Together we are currently developing harmonized test and measurement systems and solutions for 3G and 4G wireless standards, accelerating the availability of upgrades to the installed base in Europe and our home markets, while enabling the rapid deployment of new products. These harmonized products and solutions are expected to bebecame available during the second halfthird quarter of fiscal 2008. Additionally, we will share sales and support resources with Ascom on a global basis and we no longer intend to establishmaintain a separate direct sales and support organization for our European region.

Emergency Call Box Systems

We market and sell our call box systemsboxes primarily to state and local governmental agencies located in California and New York through a direct sales force located in Lake Forest, California.

Competition

Mobile Power Products (ChargeSource)ChargeSource®

Numerous providers, including Delta Electronics, Inc., Mobility Electronics, Inc., Targus, Belkin, Kensington, and APC, sell products that compete directly compete for power product market share. The cellularwith our ChargeSource® products. Cellular telephone and personal computer OEMs also servedeliver competitors’ products to the market for our ChargeSource® external power adapters. Many of these distributors and our design and manufacturing competitors are larger and have greater financial resources. We believe that the patents that cover our ChargeSource® products provide us with a competitive advantage. However,

To compete successfully in this market, we believe we must:

Differentiate our ability to compete in these markets depends on our ability to successfully commercializeofferings through innovation and development of new technologiesor enhanced products;

Successfully meet stringent design specifications in a timely manner, and to manufacturemanner;

Manufacture and deliver low cost products in sufficient volumes.volumes on time; and

Price our products competitively.

Wireless Test Solutions

The market for our hardware and software test tools is highly competitive and is served by numerous providers. Our primary competitors with respect to our WTS products are Agilent Technologies, Ascom, Ericsson, Andrew Corporation and Spirent plc (“Spirent”)(CommScope), through its acquisition ofand SwissQual. Many of our competitors are larger and have greater financial resources.

The wireless industry is characterized by rapid technological changes, frequent new product and service introductions, and evolving industry standards. To compete successfully in this market, we believe we must:

 

Properly identify customer needs;

 

Price our products competitively;

 

InnovateDifferentiate our offerings through innovation and developdevelopment of new or enhanced products;

 

Successfully commercialize new technologies in a timely manner; and

Manufacture and deliver our products in sufficient volumes on time, andtime.

Differentiate our offerings from our competitors’ offerings.

Emergency Call Box Systems

The market for our emergency call box systemsboxes is also served by numerous competitors, including US Commlink, GAI-Tronics, Talk-A-Phone, and other manufacturers of wireless and wireline emergency and information communication devices. Certain of our competitors are larger and have greater financial resources.

To compete successfully in the call box market, we believe we must:

Price our products and services competitively; and

Manufacture and deliver our products and services on time.

Key Customers

We derive a substantial portion of our revenue from a limited number of customers.

Mobile Power Products (ChargeSource)ChargeSource®

In fiscal 2008, 2007, and 2006, Kensington, our primary distributor of ChargeSource® products, accounted for revenue totaling $4.7 million, $15.4 million, and $11.8 million, or 20 percent, 32 percent, and 25 percent of total consolidated revenue, respectively. In fiscal 2005, Targus, the former distributor of our mobile power products, accounted for revenue totaling $4.1 million, or 14 percent of total revenue.

Wireless Test Solutions

In fiscal 2008, 2007, and 2006, Verizon accounted for revenue totaling $3.7 million, $7.0 million, and $11.9 million, or 16 percent, 15 percent, and 25 percent of total consolidated revenue, respectively. In fiscal 2007 2006, and 2005,2006, SwissQual, our former exclusive distributor of WTS products in our European region, accounted for $2.5 million $8.8 million, and $6.6$8.8 million, or 5 percent 19 percent, and 2219 percent of total consolidated revenue, respectively. InDuring fiscal 2005, TIM Cellular S.A., a wireless carrier based2008, revenue earned from SwissQual was negligible, primarily due to the termination of the sales alliance in Brazil, accounted for revenue totaling $4.3 million or 15 percent of total revenue.December 2006.

Emergency Call Box Systems

Our call boxCall Box business derives a significant portion of its revenue from state and local governmental agencies. In fiscal 2008, 2007, 2006, and 2005,2006, revenue from these governmental agencies totaled $10.7 million, $14.7 million, and $8.7 million, and $6.2 million, or 46 percent, 31 percent, 18 percent, and 2118 percent of total consolidated revenue, respectively.

The spending patterns of Verizon, Kensington, or any of our other key customers can vary significantly from year to year. Any significant reduction in the spending patterns of these customers could adversely affect our revenue, operating results, and cash flows.

International Operations

We sell our ChargeSource® and WTS products to customers located throughout the world. In fiscal 2008, 2007, 2006, and 2005,2006, we derived 82 percent, 81 percent, 68 percent, and 5368 percent of total revenue, respectively, from customers in the United States and 18 percent, 19 percent, 32 percent, and 4732 percent, respectively, from customers in foreign countries, as determined by the “ship to” address. The decrease in the percentage of sales to foreign countries during fiscal 2008 and 2007 as compared to fiscal 2006 and fiscal 2005 is primarily due to decreasing sales of our WTS products to SwissQual. In fiscal 2008, 2007, and 2006, there were no foreign countries from which we derived more than 10 percent of total revenue. In fiscal 2005, sales to Brazil accounted for $5.6 million, or 19 percent of total revenue.

Research and Development

We sell our products in markets that are characterized by rapid technology changes, frequent new product introductions, and evolving technology standards. Accordingly, we devote significant resources to designdesigning and develop

developing new and enhanced products that can be manufactured cost effectively and sold at competitive prices.

During fiscal 2008, 2007, 2006, and 20052006 we incurred approximately $6.5 million, $5.7 million, and $5.5 million, and $5.2 millionrespectively, in research and development expenses. To focus these efforts, we strive to maintain close relationships with our customers and develop products that meet their needs.

As of April 13, 2007,4, 2008, we had approximately 3229 engineers, 9 of whom are dedicated ChargeSource® engineers, and other technical personnel dedicated to our research and development efforts. Generally, our research and development and other engineering efforts are managed and focused on a product-by-product basis, and can generally be characterized as follows:

 

We collaborate closely with our customers and partners to design and manufacture new products or modify existing products to specifications required by our customers;

 

We design and manufacture enhancements and improvements to our existing products in response to our customers’ requests or feedback,feedback; and

 

We independently design and build new products in anticipation of the needs of our customers as they transition existing wireless networks to next-generation technologies.

Manufacturing and Suppliers

WeFor our WTS and Call Box products, we maintain one ISO-9001:2000 certified manufacturing facility located in Lake Forest, California, which is ISO-9001:2000 certified. OurCalifornia. For all three businesses, our manufacturing process involves the final assembly and test of individual components by production technicians. The components used by us consist primarily of printed circuit boards and related assemblies, specialized subassemblies, fabricated housings and chassis, and test mobiles. Most of our components and subassemblies are manufactured by third parties to our specifications and are generally delivered to us for final assembly and test. During fiscal 2005, we ceased manufacturing our ChargeSource® products in-house and transitioned all manufacturing responsibility related to these products to contract manufacturers located in China.

Patents and Intellectual Property

We hold patents that cover key technical aspects of our ChargeSource® products. However,For our WTS business, we generally rely on a combination of trade secrets, copyrights, and contractual rights to protect our intellectual property embodied in the hardware and software products of our WTS business.products.

Industry Practices Impacting Working Capital

Existing industry practices that affectOur working capital and operating cash flow is affected by our need to balance inventory levels with customer demand. Existing industry practices that affect our working capital and operating cash flow include (i) the level of variability of customer orders relative to the volume of production, (ii) vendor lead times, (iii) materials availability for critical parts, (iv) inventory levels heldnecessary to achieve rapid customer fulfillment, and provisions(v) the granting of extended payment terms to certain foreign customers.

Currently, we sell our products under purchase orders that are placed with short-term delivery requirements. As a result, we periodically maintain significant levels of inventory of long-lead components in order to meet our expected obligations. Delays in planned customer orders could result in higher inventory levels and negatively impact our operating results.

Our standard terms require customers to pay for our products in U.S. dollars. For those orders denominated in foreign currencies, we may limit our exposure to losses from foreign currency transactions through forward foreign exchange contracts. To date, sales denominated in foreign currencies have not been significant and we have not entered into any foreign exchange contracts.

Employees

As of April 13, 2007,4, 2008, we employed approximately 120119 employees. We believe our employee relations to be good. The majority of our employees are professional or technical personnel who possess training and experience

in engineering, computer science, and management. Our future success depends in large part on our ability to retain key technical, marketing, and management personnel, and to attract and retain qualified employees, particularly the highly skilled radio, design, process, and test engineers involved in the development of new products. Competition for such personnel can be intense, and the loss of key employees, as well as the failure to recruit and train additional technical personnel in a timely manner, could have a material adverse effect on our operating results.

Our success depends to a significant extent upon the contribution of our executive officers and other key employees. Our employee stock option plan expired during May 2005. During December 2005, the Board of Directors approved and adopted a new employee equity incentive planthe 2005 Equity Incentive Plan (the “2005 Plan”) covering 450,000 shares of our common stock. The adoption of the 2005 Plan was ratified by the Company’sour shareholders at the annual shareholders’ meeting held on June 20, 2006.

ITEM 1A.RISK FACTORS

ITEM 1A.    RISK FACTORSFailure to adjust our operations in response to changing market conditions or failure to accurately estimate demand for our products could adversely affect our operating results.

The spending patterns of many of our WTS customers have been volatile, unpredictable, and driven by market and technological factors that we cannot control or predict. In addition, consumer demand for our ChargeSource® mobile power products has been subject to fluctuations as a result of our choices of distribution partners, market acceptance of our products, the timing and size of customer orders, and consumer demand for rechargeable mobile electronic devices. Accordingly, it has been difficult for us to forecast the demand for these products. We also are limited in our ability to quickly adapt our manufacturing and related cost structures to changing market conditions because a significant portion of our sales and marketing, design and other engineering, and manufacturing costs are fixed. If customer demand for our WTS and ChargeSource® products declines or if we otherwise fail to accurately forecast reduced customer demand, we will likely experience excess capacity, which could adversely affect our operating results. Conversely, if market conditions improve, our manufacturing capacity may not be adequate to fill increased customer demand. As a result, we might not be able to fulfill customer orders in a timely manner, which could adversely affect our customer relationships and operating results.

A significant portion of our revenue is derived from the sale of our WTS products to customers in the wireless communications industry. We are currently experiencing a significant impactdecrease in revenue caused by widespread industry consolidation including substantial delays in purchasing decisions by our customers and reduced demand for our products. If these market conditions continue, our operating results and financial condition could suffer.

Revenue from the sale of our WTS products accounted for 3229 percent of total revenue for fiscal 2007.2008. Wireless carriers are the primary customers for our WTS products. These customers operate in an environment driven by new technology, increased competition, and regulatory change. To compete effectively, the wireless carriers must offer their subscribers lower prices, improved quality of service, and innovative new services. Increasing minutes of use, global subscribers, and data-intensive applications are driving higher capacity utilization of existing networks, requiring wireless carriers around the globe to place a greater emphasis on capital expenditures devoted to their wireless networks. Despite this greater emphasis, current demand for our WTS products has decreased compared to the prior fiscal year driven by widespread industry consolidation, delays in purchasing decisions by our customers, increased competition, and increased pricing pressure. If these market conditions continue, our operating results and financial condition may be adversely affected.

A significant portion of our revenue is derived from the sale and maintenance of emergency call box systems and upgrades to governmental customers that have experienced severe budgetary constraints in the past. If current and planned projects to install or upgrade call box systems are delayed, our operating results and financial condition could suffer.

Revenue from the sale of upgrades and maintenance of our emergency call box systems accounted for 33 percent of total revenue for fiscal 2007. Approximately 86 percent of our call box revenue is derived from state and local governmental agencies in California, which in prior years, experienced severe budgetary constraints. As a result, several of our planned projects to install or upgrade call box systems were delayed. If these adverse budgetary conditions recur, or they experience other events that result in funding constraints, we may face significant reductions in spending by our governmental customers, which would likely adversely affect our operating results and financial condition.

A substantial portion of our call box revenue in fiscal 20072008 was derived from non-recurring upgrades of emergency call box systems to governmentalboxes for government customers. If we are unable to replace this revenue stream, our operating results and financial condition could suffer.will be negatively impacted.

Approximately $4.6 million and $10.0 million of our fiscal 2008 and 2007 call box revenue was generated from sales of digital and text-telephony upgrades to our installed base of emergency call box systems.boxes. During fiscal 20082009 we expect to substantially complete the previously awarded digital and TTY upgrade contracts. We expect call box revenue for fiscal 20082009 to decrease compared to fiscal 2007.

Failure2008. If we are unable to adjust our operations due to changing market conditions or failure to accurately estimate demand for our products could adversely affectreplace this revenue stream, our operating results.

The spending patterns of many of our WTS customers have been volatile, unpredictable,results and driven by market and technological factors that we cannot control or predict. In addition, consumer demand for our ChargeSource mobile power products has been subject to fluctuations as a result of our choices of distribution partners, market acceptance of our products, the timing and size of customer orders, and consumer demand for rechargeable mobile electronic devices. Accordingly, it has been difficult for us to forecast the demand for these products. We also are limited in our ability to quickly adapt our manufacturing and related cost structures because a significant portion of our sales and marketing, design and other engineering, and manufacturing costs are fixed. If customer demand for our WTS and ChargeSource products declines or if we otherwise fail to accurately forecast reduced customer demand, wefinancial condition will likely experience excess capacity, which could adversely affect our operating results. Conversely, if market conditions improve, our manufacturing capacity may not be adequate to fill increased customer demand. As a result, we might not be able to fulfill customer orders in a timely manner, which could adversely affect our customer relationships and operating results.negatively impacted.

The ChargeSource® and WTS products we make are complex and have short life cycles. If we are unable to rapidly and successfully develop and introduce new products, some of our products may become obsolete and our operating results could suffer.

The wireless communications and consumer electronics industries are characterized by rapid technological changes, frequent new product introductions, and evolving industry standards. Additionally, our ChargeSource® mobile power products have short life cycles, and may become obsolete over relatively short periods of time. Our future success depends on our ability to develop, introduce, and deliver on a timely basis and in sufficient quantity new products, components, and enhancements. The success of any new product offering will depend on several factors, including our ability to:

 

Properly identify customer needs and technological trends;

 

Timely develop new technologies and applications;

 

Price our products and services competitively;

 

Timely manufacture and deliver our products in sufficient volume, and

 

Differentiate our products from those of our competitors.

Development of new products requires high levels of innovation from both our engineers and our component suppliers. Development of a new product often requires a substantial investment before we can determine the commercial viability of the product. If we dedicate a significant amount of resources to the development of products that do not achieve broad market acceptance, our operating results may suffer. Our operating results may also be adversely affected due to the timing of product introductions by competitors, especially if a competitor introduces a new product before our own comparable product is ready to be introduced.

The wireless communications and consumer electronics industries are highly competitive, and our profitability will be adversely affected if we are not able to compete effectively.

The wireless communications and consumer electronics industries in which we sell our products are highly competitive incompetitive. We compete on many areas,levels, including the timing of development and introduction of new products, technology, price, quality, customer service, and support. Our competitors range from some of the respective industries’ largest corporations to many relatively small and highly specialized firms. Many of our competitors possess advantages over us, including greater financial and marketing resources, greater name recognition and larger and more established customer and supplier relationships. Our competitors also may be able to respond more quickly to new or emerging technologies and changes in customer needs. If we do not have the resources or expertise necessary to compete or to match our competitors or otherwise fail to develop successful strategies to address these competitive disadvantages, we could lose customers and revenue.

The average selling prices of our products may decrease over their sales cycles, especially upon the introduction of new products, which may negatively affect our revenue and operating results.

Our products may experience a reduction in the average selling prices over their respective sales cycles. Further, as we introduce new or next-generation products, sales prices of legacy products may decline substantially. In order to sell products that have a falling average selling price and maintain margins at the same time, we need to continually reduce product and manufacturing costs. There can be no assurances we will be successful in our efforts to reduce these costs. In order to do so, we must carefully manage the price paid for components used in our products, as well as manage our inventory costs to reduce overall product costs. If we are unable to reduce the overall production cost of legacy products as new products are introduced, our average gross margins may decline and adversely affect our operating results.

A significant portion of our revenue is dependent in part upon our relationships with our strategic distribution partners and their performance. If we are unable to successfully manage our relationships with the distributors of our mobile power products, our revenue and operating results could suffer.

Our ChargeSource® mobile power products are distributed by Kensington, a tier-one distributor of consumer electronics. Our success will depend in part upon Kensington’s ability and willingness to effectively and widely distribute our ChargeSource® products on a non-exclusive basis. If Kensington and ourany other distributors we may do business with in the future do not purchase the volume of products that we anticipate, our revenue and results of operations will suffer.

During November 2006, in response to increased competition in the QoS market, we announced a cooperative alliance with Ascom, a leading specialist in wireless onsite communications solutions based in Switzerland, to develop, market, and support next-generation wireless network QoS, optimization, and test measurement systems. Together we are currently developinghave developed harmonized test and measurement systems and solutions for 3G and 4G wireless standards, accelerating the availability of upgrades to the installed base in Europe and our home markets, while enabling the rapid deployment of new products. These harmonized products and solutions are expectednow available to be available during the second half of fiscal 2008.market. Additionally, the companies will share sales and support resources on a global basis. We are unsure as to what long term effect, if any, thebelieve our alliance with Ascom will have on futureopen sales of our WTS products,channels, particularly in our European region. Our success will depend in part upon our ability to jointly develop products with Ascom, theirAscom’s ability to capture the current installed base in Europe, as well as to provide sales and support services in that region. If we are unable to sell our jointly develop and selldeveloped harmonized products, our revenue and operating results could suffer.

A significant portion of our revenue is derived from a limited number of customers, and any loss of, cancellation, or delay in purchases by these customers could cause a significant decrease in our revenue.

We have historically derived a significant portion of our revenue from a limited number of customers. Our threetwo key customers for fiscal 20072008 accounted for $25.0$8.4 million, or 5236 percent of total revenue. We expect that a limited number of customers will continue to represent a large percentage of our revenue in the future. If any of our key customers reduces, cancels, or delays orders, and we are not able to develop other customers who purchase products at comparable levels, our revenue could decrease significantly. In addition, any difficulty in collecting amounts due from one or more of our key customers would negatively impact our results of operations and financial condition. We expect that a limited number of customers will continue to represent a large percentage of our revenue.

We may experience quality or safety defects in our products that could cause us to institute product recalls, require us to provide replacement products and harm our reputation.

In the course of conducting our business, we experience and attempt to address various quality and safety issues with our products. Often product defects are identified during our design, development, and manufacturing processes, which we are able to correct in a timely manner. Sometimes, defects are identified after introduction and shipment of products. If we are unable to fix defects in a timely manner or adequately address quality control issues, our relationships with our customers may be impaired, our reputation may suffer and we may lose customers. Any of the foregoing could adversely affect our business and results of operations.

Economic, political, and other risks associated with our international sales and operations could adversely affect our results of operations.

We currently maintain sales and support operations in the United States, China, Europe, and Latin America. Our international operations accounted for approximately 1918 percent of total revenue for fiscal 2007.2008. Accordingly, our business is subject to worldwide economic and market conditions and risks generally associated with doing business abroad, such as fluctuating foreign currency exchange rates, weaknesses in the economic conditions in particular countries or regions, the stability of international monetary conditions, tariff and trade policies, domestic and foreign tax policies, foreign governmental regulations, political unrest and disruptions, and delays in shipments. Specifically, our ChargeSource® contract manufacturer and a majority of our component suppliers are located in Asia. We do business with our foreign supply base in U.S. dollars. Our costs increase in countries with currencies that are increasing in value against the U.S. dollar. Also, we cannot be sure that our international supply base will

continue to accept orders denominated in U.S. dollars. If they do not, our costs will become more directly subject to foreign exchange fluctuations. These factors could adversely affect our ability to outsource our manufacturing and supply needs to foreign countries as well as our sales of products and services in international markets.

Our failure to address laws and regulations governing our government contracts, could adversely affect our Call Box business and operating results.

We depend on contracts with state and local governmental agencies for a significant portion of our call box revenue, and are subject to various laws and regulations that only apply to companies doing business with the government. For example, we supply call box productsboxes and provide system installation and long-term maintenance services to regional and municipal transit authorities and other governmental agencies. In fiscal 2007,2008, we derived 3146 percent of our revenue from contracts with these governmental customers. From time to time we are also subject to investigation for compliance with regulations governing our government contracts. Our failure to comply with any of these laws or regulations could result in suspension of these contracts, or subject us to administrative claims.

Disruptions in our relationships with our suppliers or in our suppliers’ operations could result in shortages of necessary components and adversely affect our operations.

We currently procure, and expect to continue to procure, certain components from single source manufacturers who provide unique component designs or who meet certain quality and performance requirements. In addition, we sometimes purchase customized components from single sources in order to take advantage of volume pricing discounts. In fiscal 2007,2008, one of the contract manufacturer ofmanufacturers for our ChargeSource® products provided $10.7$2.2 million, or 5819 percent of all inventory purchases, and the contract manufacturer of our printed circuit boards provided $4.4$1.6 million, or 2414 percent of all inventory purchases.

The performance of these suppliers is largely outside of our control. In the past, we have experienced, and may continue to experience, shortages of important single source components. Our suppliers may fail to timely deliver components or provide components of sufficient quality. If this occurs, we may need to adjust both product designs and production schedules, which could result in delays in the production and delivery of products to our customers. These delays or defects could harm our reputation, impair our customer relationships, and adversely affect our operations.

Third parties may claim that we are infringing their intellectual property, and we could suffer significant litigation, settlement or licensing costs and expenses or be prevented from selling certain products.

Third parties have claimed, and may in the future claim, that we are infringing their intellectual property rights. These intellectual property infringement claims, whether we ultimately are found to be infringing any third party’s intellectual property rights or not, are time-consuming, costly to defend, and divert resources and management attention away from our operations. Infringement claims by third parties also could subject us to significant damage awards or fines or require us to pay large amounts to settle such claims. Additionally, claims of intellectual property infringement might require us to enter into royalty or license agreements. If we cannot or do not license the

infringed technology on acceptable terms or substitute similar technology from other sources, we could be prevented from or restricted in selling our products containing, or manufactured with, the infringed technology.

Third parties may infringe our intellectual property rights, and we may be required to spend significant resources enforcing these rights or otherwise suffer competitive injury.

Our success depends in large part on our proprietary technology. We generally rely upon patent, copyright, trademark, and trade secret laws in the United States and in certain other countries, and upon confidentiality agreements with our employees, customers, and partners to establish and maintain our intellectual proprietary rights in our proprietary technology. We are required to spend significant resources to monitor and enforce our intellectual property rights; however these rights might not necessarily provide us with a sufficient competitive advantage. Our intellectual proprietary rights could be challenged, invalidated, or circumvented by competitors or others. Our employees, customers or partners could breach our confidentiality agreements, for which we may not have an adequate remedy available. We also may not be able to timely detect the infringement of our intellectual property rights, whichrights. The occurrence of any of the foregoing could harm our competitive position. Finally, the rapid pace of technological change in the wireless communications and consumer electronics industries could make certain of our key proprietary technology obsolete or provide us with less of a competitive advantage.

If we suffer the loss of our manufacturing facility due to catastrophe, our operations would be adversely affected.

We have one manufacturing facility, which is located in Lake Forest, California. Although we carry insurance for property damage, we do not carry insurance or financial reserves for all possible catastrophes, including interruptions or potential losses arising from earthquakes or terrorism. Any significant disruption in our manufacturing operations at the facility, whether due to fire, natural disaster, or otherwise, would have a material adverse effect on our financial condition and operating results.

Additionally, as previously discussed, during fiscal 2005 we transitioned the manufacturing of our ChargeSource® products to a contract manufacturer located in China. If any significant disruption occurs in the facility in China, it would have a material adverse effect on our financial condition and operating results.

We depend upon the services of key personnel, and may not be able to attract and retain additional key personnel.

Our success depends to a significant extent on the continued services and experience of our key research, engineering, sales, marketing, and executive personnel. If for any reason our key personnel left our employ and we failed to replace a sufficient number of these personnel, we might not be able to maintain or expand our business. Competition for such highly skilled personnel in our wireless communications and consumer electronics industries is intense, and we cannot be certain that we will be able to hire or re-hire sufficiently qualified personnel in adequate numbers to meet the demand for our products and services. If we are unable to identify, hire, and integrate these skilled personnel in a timely or cost-efficient manner, our operating results could suffer.

We may not be able to successfully integrate future acquisitions, which could adversely affect our business, financial condition, and results of operations.

We have acquired, and are likely to acquire in the future, businesses, products, and technologies that complement or expand our current operations. Acquisitions could require significant capital investments and require us to integrate with companies that have different cultures, management teams, and business infrastructure. Depending on the size and complexity of an acquisition, our successful integration of the acquisition could depend on several factors, including:

Difficulties in assimilating and integrating the operations, products, and workforce of an acquired business;

The retention of key employees;

Management of facilities and employees in separate geographic areas;

The integration or coordination of different research and development and product manufacturing facilities;

Successfully converting information and accounting systems, and

Diversion of resources and management attention from our other operations.

If market conditions or other factors require us to change our strategic direction, we may fail to realize the expected value from one or more of our acquisitions. Our failure to successfully integrate our acquisitions or realize the expected value from past or future acquisitions could harm our business, financial condition, and results of operations.

We may need additional capital in the future to fund the growth of our businesses, which we may not be able to obtain or obtain on acceptable terms.

We currently anticipate that our available capital resources and operating income will be sufficient to meet our expected working capital and capital expenditure requirements for at least the next 12 months. However, it is not assured that such resources will be sufficient to fund the long-term growth of our business. In particular, we may experience a negative operating cash flow due to the timing of anticipated sales of our products. We may raise additional funds through public or private debt or equity financings if such financings become available on favorableacceptable terms or we may seek working capital financing under a revolving line of credit. We cannot be certain that any additional financing we may need will be available on terms favorableacceptable to us, or at all. If adequate funds are not available or are not available on acceptable terms, we may not be able to take advantage of unanticipated opportunities, develop new products or otherwise respond to competitive pressures, and our operating results and financial condition could be adversely affected.

Our quarterly operating results are subject to significant fluctuations and, if our operating results decline or are worse than expected, our stock price could fall.

We have experienced, and expect to continue to experience, significant quarterly fluctuations in revenue and operating results for our three businesses.business segments. Our quarterly operating results may fluctuate for many reasons, including:

 

The size and timing of customer orders and shipments;

 

The degree and rate of growth in the markets in which we compete and the accompanying demand for our products;

 

Limitations in our ability to forecast our manufacturing needs;

 

Our ability to introduce, and the timing of our introductions of, new or enhanced products;

 

Product failures and recalls, product quality control problems and associated in-field service support costs;

 

Warranty expenses;

 

Availability and cost of components, and

 

Changes in average sales prices.

Due to these and other factors, our past results are not reliable indicators of our future performance. In addition, a significant portion of our operating expenses is relatively fixed due to sales, engineering, and manufacturing overhead. If we experience a decline in revenue, we may be unable to reduce our fixed costs quickly enough to compensate for the decline, which would magnify the adverse impact of such revenue shortfall on our results of operations. If our operating results decline or are below expectations of securities analysts or investors, the market price of our stock may decline significantly.

Our stock price has been and will likely remain highly volatile.

The stock market in general, and the stock prices of technology and wireless communications companies in particular, have experienced fluctuations that have often been unrelated or disproportionate to the operating performance of these companies. Broad market and industry stock price fluctuations may adversely affect the market price of shares of our common stock. The market price of our stock has exhibited significant price fluctuations, which makes our stock unsuitable for many investors. Our stock price may also be affected by the following factors:

 

Our quarterly operating results;

 

Changes in the wireless communications and consumer electronics industries;

 

Changes in the economic outlook of the particular markets in which we sell our products and services;

 

The gain or loss of significant customers;

 

Reductions in demand or expectations of future demand by our customers;

 

Changes in stock market analyst recommendations regarding us, our competitors, or our customers;

 

The timing and announcements of technological innovations or new products by our competitors or by us, and

 

Other events affecting other companies that investors deem comparable to us.

Our articlesAll of incorporation and shareholder rights plan could make a potential acquisition that is not approved by our board of directors more difficult.

Provisionsthese factors may contribute to the volatility of our articles of incorporation could make it more difficult for a third party to acquire control of us. Our articles of incorporation prohibit the consummation of a merger, reorganization or recapitalization, sale or lease of a substantial amount of assets with, or issuance of equity securities valued at $2.0 million or more to a stockholder that owns 10 percent or more of our common stock unless certain requirements relating to board or shareholder approval are met. Our articles of incorporation also prohibit shareholder action by written consent, which could make certain changes of control more difficult by requiring the holding of a special meeting of shareholders for purposes of taking shareholder action.

These provisions in our articles of incorporation could discourage takeover attempts which some shareholders might deem to be in their best interests or in which shareholders would receive a premium for their shares over the then existing market price of our common stock.

In February 2006, our Board of Directors terminated our shareholder rights plan effective January 31, 2007 and adopted a policy that, with certain exceptions, requires the Board of Directors to obtain stockholder approval before adopting any shareholder rights plan in the future.price.

The trading volume of our common stock often has been limited and may depress the price for our common stock.

A significant decline in our stock price, even if temporary, could result in substantial losses for individual shareholders. The trading volume of our common stock has been and may continue to be limited. Limited trading volume could depress the price for our common stock because fewer analysts may provide coverage for our stock and because investors might be unwilling to pay a higher market price for a stock that is less liquid. In addition,This limited trading volume, along with market and industry stock price fluctuations and other factors affecting our operations, couldmay depress the price for our common stock or result in greater volatility in the price of our common stock. A significant decline in our stock price, even if temporary, could result in substantial losses for individual shareholders and could subject us to costly and disruptive securities litigation.

ITEM 1B.    UNRESOLVED STAFF COMMENTS

ITEM 1B.UNRESOLVED STAFF COMMENTS

None.

ITEM 2.    PROPERTIES

ITEM 2.PROPERTIES

Our headquarters and manufacturing facility is located in Lake Forest, California. This leased facility consists of approximately 25,000 square feet of office space and approximately 5,000 square feet of manufacturing and warehouse space. The lease for this facility expires in August 2011. We also lease office space and, in some instances, warehouse space in California, New York, China, and Mexico. The leases on these facilities, which are used by our call box and WTS businesses, expire on various dates through October 2009.June 2010.

ITEM 3.LEGAL PROCEEDINGS

ITEM 3.    LEGAL PROCEEDINGSMobility Electronics, Inc. (“Mobility”) vs. Comarco Wireless Technologies, Inc., Case No. 5:07cv00084, U.S. District Court for the Eastern District of Texas. On June 8, 2007, Mobility sued us alleging that two Mobility patents are infringed by the mechanical keying arrangement between power adapters and programming tips used by us in our mobile power products sold through our distributors. We have denied liability and countersued alleging that Mobility has breached a Settlement Agreement entered into between the parties in 2003 to settle a previous patent infringement suit, and that Mobility is liable for infringement of at least one Comarco patent by effectively sub-licensing a third party to manufacture and sell power adapter products and accessories covered by the Comarco patent. Mobility has denied liability and amended its claims to further allege that we breached the Settlement Agreement by asserting claims against Mobility because its activities are permissible under the Settlement Agreement. On November 29, 2007, we filed our Answer, Defense, and Counterclaims. On March 5, 2008, both parties attended mediation before a retired U.S. district court judge, which did not lead to a settlement. However, the parties may continue mediation within a month or two. Trial is set for July 2009.

SwissQual AG (“SwissQual”) vs. Comarco Wireless Technologies, Inc., Case No. cv-07-07819, Central District of California.On November 30, 2007, SwissQual filed a lawsuit against us alleging fraud, intentional interference with prospective economic advantage, breach of contract, trademark infringement, unfair competition, trade secret misappropriation, and seeking declaratory relief relating to the December 15, 2005 Distribution and Sales Agreement between the parties.

We answered SwissQual’s complaint and denied any and all liability to SwissQual and denied that SwissQual is entitled to any of the relief sought in its complaint. In addition, we asserted counterclaims against SwissQual alleging breach of contract, breach of the covenant of good faith and fair dealing, trade secret misappropriation, intentional interference with prospective economic advantage, negligent interference with prospective economic advantage, unfair competition, conversion, unjust enrichment/restitution, an accounting for money owed due to SwissQual’s misconduct and seeking declaratory relief relating to SwissQual’s failure to comply with its support obligations, indemnity, and trademark ownership. SwissQual has informed the Court that it will be amending its complaint. Discovery has not yet commenced and a trial date has been set for February 10, 2009.

The matters described above are in the very early stages and the outcome of these matters is neither determinable nor estimable. We believe we have meritorious defenses to the matters described above and intend to vigorously defend these actions. In addition to the pending matters described above, we are from time to time involved in various legal proceedings incidental to the conduct of our business. We believe that the outcome of all such pending legal proceedings will not in the aggregate have a material adverse effect on our consolidated results of operations and financial position.

ITEM 4.    SUBMISSION OF MATTERS TO A VOTE OF SECURITY HOLDERS

ITEM 4.SUBMISSION OF MATTERS TO A VOTE OF SECURITY HOLDERS

No matter was submitted during the fourth quarter ended January 31, 20072008 to a vote of our security holders.

PART II

 

ITEM 5.MARKET FOR REGISTRANT’S COMMON EQUITY, RELATED STOCKHOLDER MATTERS AND ISSUER PURCHASES OF EQUITY SECURITIES

Market Information

Our common stock is traded on the Nasdaq National Market® under the symbol “CMRO.” The following table sets forth for the periods indicated the quarterly high and low closing prices per share as reported by the Nasdaq National Market. These prices represent actual reported sales transactions.

 

  High  Low  High  Low

Year ended January 31, 2008:

    

First Quarter

  $9.15  $6.51

Second Quarter

   6.90   5.75

Third Quarter

   6.43   5.32

Fourth Quarter

   6.01   4.91

Year ended January 31, 2007:

        

First Quarter

  $13.01  $10.63  $13.01  $10.63

Second Quarter

   12.31   8.76   12.31   8.76

Third Quarter

   9.81   7.75   9.81   7.75

Fourth Quarter

   10.30   7.31   10.30   7.31

Year ended January 31, 2006:

    

First Quarter

  $8.84  $8.00

Second Quarter

   8.75   7.34

Third Quarter

   9.26   7.43

Fourth Quarter

   11.85   8.59

Holders

As of April 13, 2007,4, 2008, there were 327314 holders of record of our common stock.

Dividends

We have not paid any cash dividends on our common stock in the last three fiscal years. Subsequent to January 31, 2007, we declared a special dividend of $1.00 per share to shareholders of record on April 5, 2007, paid on April 23, 2007. The amount paid was $7.4 million. We do not expect to pay cash dividends in the near future.

ITEM 6.     SELECTED FINANCIAL DATA

ITEM 6.SELECTED FINANCIAL DATA

 

  Years Ended January 31,   Years Ended January 31, 
  2007 2006 2005 2004 2003  2008 2007 2006 2005 2004 
  (In thousands, except per share data)  (In thousands, except per share data) 

Revenue:

            

Products

  $42,725  $42,260  $24,159  $29,208  $30,372   $18,353  $42,725  $42,260  $24,159  $29,208 

Services

   5,051   4,618   5,064   5,057   5,314    4,847   5,051   4,618   5,064   5,057 
                                
   47,776   46,878   29,223   34,265   35,686    23,200   47,776   46,878   29,223   34,265 
                                

Cost of revenue:

            

Products

   26,262   26,727   17,445   18,591   26,229    14,083   26,262   26,727   17,445   18,591 

Services

   3,352   3,185   3,463   3,135   3,779    3,291   3,352   3,185   3,463   3,135 
                                
   29,614   29,912   20,908   21,726   30,008    17,374   29,614   29,912   20,908   21,726 
                                

Gross profit

   18,162   16,966   8,315   12,539   5,678    5,826   18,162   16,966   8,315   12,539 

Selling, general, and administrative expenses

   10,674   9,490   9,001   9,848   8,686    10,244   10,674   9,490   9,001   9,848 

Asset impairment charges

   —     —     —     —     205 

Goodwill impairment charge

   496   —     —     —     —   

Engineering and support expenses

   7,989   7,682   7,521   5,812   5,194    8,799   7,989   7,682   7,521   5,812 
                                

Operating income (loss)

   (501)  (206)  (8,207)  (3,121)  (8,407)

Operating loss

   (13,713)  (501)  (206)  (8,207)  (3,121)

Other income, net

   941   345   180   237   375    842   941   345   180   237 

Gain on sale of equipment, net

   321   —     —     —     —   

Gain on sale of investment in SwissQual and intangible asset

   1,687   6,438   —     —     —      1,976   1,687   6,438   —     —   

Minority interest in (earnings) loss of subsidiary

   —     —     72   34   141 

Minority interest in loss of subsidiary

   —     —     —     72   34 
                                

Income (loss) from continuing operations before income taxes and discontinued operations

   2,127   6,577   (7,955)  (2,850)  (7,891)   (10,574)  2,127   6,577   (7,955)  (2,850)

Income tax expense (benefit)

   350   201   2,426   (1,008)  (2,933)   (590)  350   201   2,426   (1,008)
                                

Income (loss) from continuing operations

   1,777   6,376   (10,381)  (1,842)  (4,958)   (9,984)  1,777   6,376   (10,381)  (1,842)

Income (loss) from discontinued operations

   —     (45)  325   596   (5,185)   —     —     (45)  325   596 
                                

Net income (loss)

  $1,777  $6,331  $(10,056) $(1,246) $(10,143)  $(9,984) $1,777  $6,331  $(10,056) $(1,246)
                                

Basic income (loss) per share:

            

Income (loss) from continuing operations

  $0.24  $0.86  $(1.41) $(0.26) $(0.71)  $(1.36) $0.24  $0.86  $(1.41) $(0.26)

Discontinued operations

   —     (0.01)  0.04   0.09   (0.74)   —     —     (0.01)  0.04   0.09 
                                

Net income (loss)

  $0.24  $0.85  $(1.37) $(0.17) $(1.45)  $(1.36) $0.24  $0.85  $(1.37) $(0.17)
                                

Diluted income (loss) per share:

            

Income (loss) from continuing operations

  $0.24  $0.86  $(1.41) $(0.26) $(0.71)  $(1.36) $0.24  $0.86  $(1.41) $(0.26)

Discontinued operations

   —     (0.01)  0.04   0.09   (0.74)   —     —     (0.01)  0.04   0.09 
                                

Net income (loss)

  $0.24  $0.85  $(1.37) $(0.17) $(1.45)  $(1.36) $0.24  $0.85  $(1.37) $(0.17)
                                

Cash dividends declared per common share

  $1.00  $—    $—    $—    $—   
                
  As of January 31, 
  2007 2006 2005 2004 2003 
  (In thousands) 

Working capital

  $31,480  $29,443  $19,057  $25,213  $26,500 

Total assets

   51,413   52,805   40,226   52,139   50,315 

Borrowing under line of credit

   —     —     —     —     —   

Long-term debt

   —     —     —     —     —   

Stockholders’ equity

   37,989   36,108   29,774   38,891   38,186 

   As of January 31,
  2008  2007  2006  2005  2004
  (In thousands)

Working capital

  $17,723  $33,618  $29,443  $19,057  $25,213

Total assets

   32,581   51,413   52,805   40,226   52,139

Borrowing under line of credit

   —     —     —     —     —  

Long-term debt

   —     —     —     —     —  

Stockholders’ equity

   20,815   37,989   36,108   29,774   38,891

ITEM 7.MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS

The following discussion should be read in conjunction with our consolidated financial statements and notes thereto included in Part II, Item 8 of this report on Form 10-K. This report contains forward-looking statements including, without limitation, statements regarding trends, cyclicality, seasonality, and growth in the markets we sell into, our strategic direction, expenditures in research and development, contracts, our future effective tax rate, new product introductions, changes to our manufacturing processes, our liquidity position, our ability to generate cash from continuing operations, our expected growth, the potential impact of our adopting new accounting pronouncements, our financial results, revenue generated from international sales, the impact of our enterprise resource planning systems implementation, the impact of our variable cost structure, and the existence or length of an economic recovery that involves risks and uncertainties. Our actual results could differ from the results contemplated by these forward-looking statements due to certain factors, including those discussed in Part I, Item 1A and elsewhere in this report.

Overview

Comarco, Inc., through its subsidiary Comarco Wireless Technologies, Inc. (collectively, “we,” “Comarco,” or the “Company”), is a leading designer and manufacturer of external mobile power adapters used to power and charge notebook computers, mobile phones, PDAs,BlackBerry® smartphones, iPods®, and many other rechargeable handheld devices. Comarco is also a provider of wireless test solutions for the wireless industry, as well as a provider of emergency call box systemsboxes and related maintenance services. Our operations consist solely of the operations of Comarco Wireless Technologies, Inc. (“CWT”).

Our revenue and related cash flows are primarily derived from sales of our ChargeSourceChargeSource® mobile power products, wireless test solutions (“WTS”) products, and emergency call box systemsboxes and related maintenance services. We have three reportable segments: ChargeSource,ChargeSource®, WTS, and Call Box. See “Segment Reporting” in Notes 2 and 2021 of notes to our consolidated financial statements included in Part II, Item 8 of this report.

Industry and Company Trends and Uncertainties

Mobile Power Products (ChargeSource)ChargeSource®

Designed with the needs of the traveling professional in mind, our ChargeSourceChargeSource® external mobile power adapters provide a high level of functionality and compatibility in an industry-leading compact design. Our current and planned ChargeSourceChargeSource® product offering consists of external AC/DC, AC, and DC power adapters designed for the right mix of power output and functionality for most retail, OEM, and enterprise customers. Our ChargeSourceChargeSource® products are also programmable, allowing those who use rechargeable electronic devices to carry just one power adapter. By simply changing the compact SmartTipSmartTip® connected to the end of the charging cable, our external power adapters are capable of charging and powering multiple devices, including most notebook computers, mobile phones, BlackBerry® smartphones, iPods®, and many other handheld devices without requiring a peripheral product.

Personal computer manufacturers continue to design and manufacture notebook computers with enhanced functionality and features. These notebook computers generally have greater power requirements. As power requirements increase, so generally does the size of the OEM power adapter sold with each notebook computer. To address this industry wideindustry-wide trend, we have developed a family of compact high-power ChargeSourceChargeSource® external power adapters that are compatible with most legacy, current, and planned notebook computers. These new ChargeSourceChargeSource® external power adapters are able to deliver up to 120 watts of power in a very small form factor.factor or compact size.

Management currently considers the following additional trends, events, and uncertainties to be important to understanding our ChargeSourceChargeSource® business:

 

AsIn late January 2008, we began volume production of January 31, 2007, Kensington, a tier-one distributorsmall form factor 90-watt AC/DC external power adapter designed to the stringent specifications of consumer electronics, was the exclusive retail channel distributor of our ChargeSource productsLenovo, a leading notebook computer OEM. This innovative product is currently being marketed and has been the source of the majority of our ChargeSource revenue.sold as an OEM-branded aftermarket accessory.

During fiscal 2006, we began shipping to Kensington as they obtained product placement within the retail channel.

During the first quarter of fiscal 2008, we entered into a non-exclusive distribution arrangement with Kensington, thereby terminating our exclusive distribution agreement. Under thisthe non-exclusive agreement, we have the right to penetrate all channels with multiple partners and Kensington has the right to purchase our products at competitive prices without volume minimums. Kensington is also able to purchase mobile power products from our competitors.

 

ChargeSource revenue for the fourth quarter of fiscal 2007 decreased to $3.8 million compared to the prior fiscal quarters. Additionally, we entered the first quarter of fiscal 2008 with a backlog of purchase orders from Kensington totaling approximately $0.2 million. We believe Kensington is currently selling through accumulated inventory of our ChargeSource products.

Due to the transition to a non-exclusive distribution model, we expecthave experienced and may continue to experience some disruption in the sale of our ChargeSource® products over the next several quarters.

 

In responseChargeSource® revenue for fiscal 2008 decreased significantly to $5.4 million compared to $16.7 million for fiscal 2007. However, on a sequential basis, ChargeSource® revenue for the fourth quarter of fiscal 2008 increased competition,approximately $0.6 million compared to the prior fiscal quarter. This sequential increase is attributable to new orders for our existing product line and the initial shipments of the Lenovo product.

The current level of ChargeSource® sales is insufficient to fully absorb our fixed manufacturing and supply chain overhead. Our ability to drive increased sales is dependent upon, among others, the following factors:

Successful development and release for manufacture of certain AC and AC/DC external power adapter products designed to address the requirements of our retail and OEM accessories channels;

Securing additional retail distribution partners under non-exclusive arrangements; and

Market and customer acceptance of our new products expected to be available by the end of the first quarter of 2009.

Our ChargeSource® products are based on proprietary patented construction technology that enables the production of slim and light power sources for many rechargeable mobile devices from standard wall outlets, as well as power outlets in airplanes, cars, and other modes of transportation.

As of January 31, 2008, we have a backlog of orders from Lenovo of 216,000 units, and therefore expect our transitionrevenue to a non-exclusive distribution model, we expect to achieve lower average selling prices and related gross margins on our ChargeSource productsincrease in the first quarter of fiscal 2008.2009.

Wireless Test Solutions

Our WTS business designs and manufactures hardware and software tools for use by wireless carriers, equipment vendors, and others.service providers. Radio frequency engineers, network improvement professionals and technicians and others use these test tools to deploy and optimize wireless networks, and to verify the performance, of the wireless networks and resulting quality of service, of the wireless networks once deployed.

Wireless carriers are the primary customers for our WTS products. These customers operate in an environment driven by new technology, increased competition, and regulatory change. To compete effectively, the wireless carriers must offer their subscribers lower prices, improved quality of service, and innovative new services. Increasing minutes of use, global subscribers, and data-intensive applications are driving higher capacity utilization of existing networks, requiring wireless carriers around the globe to place a greater emphasis on capital expenditures devoted to their wireless networks. Despite this greater emphasis, current demand for our WTS products has decreased compared to the prior fiscal year driven by widespread industry consolidation, delays in purchasing decisions by our customers, increased competition, and increased pricing pressure.

Management currently considers the following additional trends, events, and uncertainties to be important to understanding our WTS business:

 

Sales in North America were downCurrent demand for our next-generation mobile test equipment was soft across all our regions as wireless carriers delay deployment of capital for such mobile test tools. WTS revenue for fiscal 20072008 decreased compared to the prior fiscal 2006. This decrease is primarily due to reduced sales to Verizon Wireless (“Verizon”) during fiscal 2007 as we completed two significant contracts that were awarded during fiscal 2006. While we expect to upgrade Verizon’s Seven.Five voice and data test systems in fiscal 2008, related upgrade revenue is expected to be less than sales of systems to Verizon during fiscal 2007 and 2006.

Sales in our European region were down significantly for fiscal 2007 compared to fiscal 2006. SwissQual, which was acquired by Spirent during January 2006, served asyear, underscoring the exclusive resellerchallenges of our WTS products in our European region through December 31, 2006. SwissQual is nowbusiness, which include a direct competitorconsolidating customer base comprised of a relatively small number of wireless carriers and is actively marketing competing QoS products globally.

equipment vendors, as well as uncertainty regarding the timing and amount of anticipated orders from this customer base. Additionally, we have experienced increased competition in our European region from SwissQual and others. We expect our ability to compete on a global basis to be driven by our ability to offer products that cover all current wireless technologies, as well as the timely integration of new technology and functionality into our product platform.

 

During November 2006, in response to increased competition in the QoS market,fiscal 2007, we announcedentered into a cooperative alliance with Ascom, a leading specialist in wireless onsite communications solutions based in Switzerland, to develop, market, and support next-generation wireless network QoS, optimization, and test measurement systems. Together we are currently developinghave developed harmonized test and measurement systems and solutions for 3G and 4G wireless standards, accelerating the availability of upgrades to the

installed base in Europe and our home markets, while enabling the rapid deployment of new products.standards. These harmonized products and solutions are expected to be available during the second half of fiscal 2008. Additionally, we will share sales and support resources with Ascom on a global basis and we no longer intend to establish a direct sales and support organization for our European region.

We believe our Ascom alliance will enhance our technologies, positioning, and global footprint for sales and support. However, we are unsure as to what long term effect this alliance will have on future sales of our products. Our success will depend in part upon our ability to co-develop harmonized products and solutions underare now available to the Ascom alliance.worldwide marketplace.

 

Current demand for our next-generation mobile test equipment continues to be soft across all our regions as wireless carriers delay deployment of capital for such mobile test tools. WTS revenue for fiscal 2007 decreased compared to fiscal 2006, underscoring the challenges of our WTS business, which include a consolidating customer base comprised of a relatively small number of wireless carriers and equipment vendors, as well as uncertainty regarding the timing and amount of anticipated orders from such customer base. Additionally, we expect increased competition in our European region from SwissQual and others. We expect our ability to compete on a global basis to be driven by our ability to offer products that cover all current wireless technologies, as well as the timely integration of new technology and functionality into our product platform.

Under the terms of agreements with both SwissQual and Ascom, we are entitled to receive a portion of revenue derived from certain of their respective sales. The amount to be received is dependant upon the customer and corresponding geographic region, the products sold, their configuration, as well as the hardware and software content of the products. These agreements are reciprocal and we are obligated to make payments to the other parties under similar conditions. As a result, it is difficult to predict when we will receive such revenue from the parties, which could impact any one quarter positively or negatively.

Through the end of fiscal 2005, revenue attributable to SwissQual sales was deferred until receipt of payment. Commencing with the first quarter of fiscal 2006, we changed our accounting for sales to SwissQual by recognizing revenue on a full accrual basis. This change was made based upon SwissQual’s financial strength and payment history and the lack of our ability to assert financial influence over the operations of SwissQual. WTS revenue for fiscal 2006 was increased by approximately $1.0 million due to this change.

During fiscal 2007, we recorded revenue attributable to Verizon totaling approximately $7.0 million as we completed delivering on a contrract awarded in fiscal 2006 and delivered upgrades to previously purchased systems. During the first quarter of fiscal 2006, we were awarded a contract from Verizon for our Seven.Five voice and data test systems. Verizon was converting its nationwide wireless network to the CDMA EvDO standard, which is considered to be the U.S. equivalent of 3G, and is utilizing Seven.Five to measure the quality of its network. We began delivering on this contract during the second quarter of fiscal 2006 and completed during the fourth quarter of fiscal 2006, and we recorded revenue attributable to this contract totaling approximately $6.7 million, excluding amortization of first year maintenance obligations.

Additionally, during the third quarter of fiscal 2006, we were awarded an additional contract from Verizon to replace data testing equipment previously sourced from a competitor with our Seven.Five data systems. We delivered on the contract during the fourth quarter of fiscal 2006 and recorded revenue attributable to this contract totaling approximately $3.8 million, excluding amortization of first year maintenance obligations.

The two Verizon contracts discussed above were significant to our WTS business and its operations for fiscal 2007 and 2006. While we currently expect to continue to win new business from Verizon during fiscal 2008, we do not expect this new business to recur at the same level achieved during fiscal 2007 and 2006.

Late in the fourth quarter of fiscal 2008, we received a purchase order from AT&T valued at approximately $10.1 million for the Symphony Multi system, jointly developed by Ascom and Comarco. We began delivery on this order during the first quarter of fiscal 2009, and expect to complete delivery during the first half of fiscal 2009.

Emergency Call Box Systems

Our emergency call boxCall Box business designs, manufactures, and maintains emergency call box systems.boxes. Our call box productsboxes provide emergency communication over existing wireless networks. In addition to call box products,boxes, we provide system installation and long-term maintenance services. Currently, there are approximately 10,8009,200 call boxes that we maintain under long-term agreements that expire at various dates through February 2011.January 2012.

Wireless carriers have begun reallocating spectrum away from analog, or first generation, wireless technologies to digital, or 2G and 2.5G, wireless technologies. As a result, state and local governmental agencies are continuing to upgrade their existing call box systems to digital to maintain the functional efficiencies of their call box systems. Our upgraded call box products, based onboxes are configured to accommodate 2.5G GSM and CDMA wireless technologies, offer a complete solution of current technology and services at a low cost designed to meet our customers’ needs.technologies. During fiscal 2008, 2007, and 2006, we executed on multiple upgrade contracts primarily driven by the demand for digital wireless technologies. We expect to substantially complete upgrading the installed base in fiscal 2008.contracts.

Management currently considers the following additional trends, events, and uncertainties to be important to understanding our call boxCall Box business:

 

During fiscal 2007,2008, we upgraded approximately 4,8002,900 call boxes withfrom analog to digital and/or text-telephony (“TTY”) technologies provided by wireless carriers and recorded revenue totaling approximately $10.0$4.5 million. SuchThis upgrade revenue also included revenue related to retrofit, site mitigation, and call box removal activities performed in conjunction with the upgrade of the call box systems.boxes. During fiscal 2006,2007, we upgraded approximately 1,8004,800 call boxes and recorded revenue totaling approximately $3.1$10.0 million, which also includesincluded revenue related to retrofit, site mitigation activities, and call box removal activities.

 

During the third quarter of fiscal 2007,2008, we were awarded a contract by ImperialKern County, California to upgrade itstheir existing analog call box system, with digital and TTY technologiesconsisting of approximately 574 units. This contract is valued at approximately $0.3$1.5 million. We commenced work on this contract inDuring the fourth quarter of fiscal 20072008, we recorded $0.4 million of revenue and recorded revenue totalingcompleted 216 units. We expect to complete the project during the second quarter of fiscal 2009, which includes site mitigation valued at $0.3 million.

During the third quarter of fiscal 2008, we were awarded the amended contract to upgrade the call boxes owned by the Riverside County SAFE, located in California, to digital and TTY technologies. This upgrade is valued at approximately $0.2$1.6 million. We completed thisbegan work during the fourth quarter of fiscal 2008, recording revenue of $0.9 million, and expect to complete the project during the first quarter of fiscal 2008.

During fiscal 2006, we were awarded a contract by Riverside County to upgrade its existing analog call box system to digital technology. Subsequent to the award, our customer delayed the start of the upgrade project in order to refine the final configuration and scope of the project. During the third quarter of fiscal 2007, we were notified by our customer that the contract will be amended to add TTY devices. We expect to commence work on this project during fiscal 2008.

As of January 31, 2007, we maintain approximately 10,800 call boxes under maintenance agreements with terms that range from one to ten years. Certain of our SAFE customers have removed or have indicated that they intend to remove call boxes to reduce the density of the systems and to make funds available for the necessary digital and TTY upgrades. During fiscal 2007 the installed base of call boxes under maintenance contracts was reduced by approximately 1,500 call boxes.

During fiscal 2007, the contract to upgrade approximately 1,400 call boxes owned by Capital Valley Regional SAFE (“CVRS”) with digital and TTY technologies was awarded to a competitor. In the event the competitor is able to perform under the upgrade contract, we would cease to provide maintenance services is support of the CVRS call box system during the fourth quarter of fiscal 2008 and thereafter. Service revenue attributable to the CVRS maintenance contracted totaled $0.5 million for fiscal 2007.2009.

 

We currently expect service revenue attributable to maintenance of existing call box systems to total approximately $3.8 million in fiscal 2008.

We expectanticipate a decline in call box product revenue during fiscal 2009 compared to fiscal 2008, as we expect to substantially complete the previously awarded digital and TTY upgrade contracts.

Current and anticipated projects to upgrade and expand existing call box systems are concentrated with several customers that are agencies of California’s state and local governments, from whom we currently generate approximately 86 percentthe installed base by the first quarter of our call box revenue. In addition, we believe that thefiscal 2009.

severe financial challenges experienced by California state government created uncertainty for our governmental customers in California, causing them to delay upgrades and expansions of certain call box systems. While this trend appears to have reversed, as evidenced by the awarded projects discussed above, we continue to be vulnerable to the spending patterns of our customers that are concentrated in California.

Critical Accounting Policies

The preparation of our consolidated financial statements requires us to apply accounting policies and make certain estimates and judgments. OurAll of our significant accounting policies are presented in Note 2 to our consolidated financial statements. Of our significant accounting policies, we believe the following are the most significant and involve a higher degree of uncertainty, subjectivity, and judgments. These policies involve estimates and judgments that are inherently uncertain. Changes in these estimates and judgments may significantly impact our annual and quarterly operating results. We have identified the following as our most significant critical accounting policies.

Revenue Recognition

We recognize product revenue upon shipment provided there are no uncertainties regarding customer acceptance, persuasive evidence of an arrangement exists, the sales price is fixed or determinable, and collectibility is probable. Generally, our products are shipped FOB named point of shipment, whether it is Lake Forest, our corporate headquarters, or Hong Kong, the shipping point of our ChargeSourceChargeSource® products. Shipments to SwissQual, our former exclusive WTS distributor in Europe, are shipped delivery duties unpaid (“DDU”). Under DDU, title and risk of loss for the goods shipped passes to the buyer at destination.

Our WTS products are integrated with embedded software. Accordingly, we recognize revenue using the residual method pursuant to requirements of Statement of Position No. 97-2, “Software Revenue Recognition,” and other applicable revenue recognition guidance and interpretations. Under the residual method, we allocate revenue to the undelivered element, typically maintenance, based on its respective fair value, with the fair value determined by the price charged when that element is sold separately. We amortize the revenue allocated to the maintenance element evenly over the term of the maintenance commitment made at the time of sale. We expense as incurred the costs associated with honoring the maintenance commitment. The revenue attributable to the delivered product is the residual amount after subtracting the revenue allocated to the undelivered element from the sales price. The revenue attributable to the delivered product is recognized following the policy for product sales described above.

We recognize service revenue as the services are performed. Maintenance revenue from extended warranty sales is deferred and recognized ratably over the term of the maintenance agreement, typically 12 to 48 month periods.

Significant management judgments must be made and used in connection with the revenue recognized in any accounting period. For our WTS business, management must make judgments, for example, regarding uncertainties surrounding customer acceptance because some orders may include acceptance test provisions that require we defer revenue upon shipment until such time as the client has accepted the equipment. Material differences may result in the amount and timing of our revenue for any period if our management made different judgments.

Stock-based Compensation

Effective February 1, 2006, the start of our fiscal year 2007, we adopted SFAS No. 123R, “Share-Based Payment” (“SFAS No. 123R”) using the modified prospective method and, therefore, have not revised prior periods’ results for the adoption of this accounting statement. SFAS No. 123R requires all share-based payments to be measured based on the award’s fair value on the date of grant, and is recognized as expense ratably over the requisite service period. We currently use the Black-Scholes option-pricing model to estimate the fair value of

our share-based payments. The Black-Scholes option-pricing model is based on a number of assumptions, including expected volatility, expected forfeiture rates, expected life, risk-free interest rate and expected dividends. If the assumptions change, stock-based compensation may differ significantly from what we have recorded in the past.

For fiscal yearsyear 2006, and 2005, stock-based compensation was determined under Accounting Principles Board (“APB”) Opinion No. 25 “Accounting for Stock Issued to Employees” and related interpretations in accounting for stock-based compensation plans.

Software Development Costs

We had $0.2$8.4 million of gross capitalized software as of January 31, 2007, net of accumulated amortization of $8.2 million.2008, which has been fully amortized. Capitalized software amortization expense is included in cost of revenue. We capitalize software developed for sale or lease in accordance with Statement of Financial Accounting Standards (“SFAS”) No. 86 (“SFAS No. 86”), “Accounting for Costs of Computer Software to be Sold, Leased, or Otherwise Marketed.” Software costs incurred subsequent to the determination of the technological feasibility of the software product are capitalized. Technological feasibility is generally demonstrated by the completion of a working model. Our policy is to capitalize the costs associated with development of new products and expense the costs associated with new releases, which primarily consist of enhancements or increased functionality of software embedded in existing products. Significant management judgment is required in determining whether technological feasibility has been achieved for a particular software project and in estimating the economic life of the related product. Capitalization ceases and amortization of capitalized costs begins when the software product is available for general release to our customers. Each quarter we compare capitalized software development costs to our estimate of projected revenues quarterly to determine if any impairment in value has occurred that would require an adjustment in the carrying value or change in expected useful lives under the guidelines established under SFAS No. 86. We also continually evaluate the recoverability of software acquired through acquisition or by direct purchase of technology.

Accounts Receivable

We perform ongoing credit evaluations of our customers and adjust credit limits and related terms based upon payment history and the customer’s current credit worthiness. We continually monitor collections and payments from our customers and maintain a provision for estimated credit losses based upon our historical experience and any specific customer collection issues that we have identified. While such credit losses have historically been within our expectations and the provisions established, we cannot guarantee that we will continue to experience the same credit loss rates that we have in the past. Since our accounts receivable are concentrated in a relatively few number of customers, a significant change in the liquidity or financial position of any one of these customers could have a material adverse effect on the collectibility of our accounts receivable and our future operating results.

Specifically, our management must make estimates of the collectibility of our accounts receivable. Management analyzes specific customer accounts and establishes reserves for uncollectible receivables based upon specific identification of account balances that have indications of uncertainty of collection. Indications of uncertainty of collections may include the customer’s inability to pay, customer dissatisfaction, or other factors. Significant management judgments and estimates must be made and used in connection with establishing the allowance for doubtful accounts in any accounting period. Material differences may result in the amount and timing of our losses for any period if management made different judgments or utilized different estimates.

Valuation of Inventory

We value inventory at the lower of the actual cost to purchase and/or manufacture the inventory (calculated on average costs, which approximates first-in, first-out basis) or market value. We regularly review inventory quantities on hand and record a write down of excess and obsolete inventory based primarily on excess quantities

on hand based upon historical and forecasted component usage. As demonstrated during prior periods, demand for our products can fluctuate significantly. A significant increase in the demand for our products could result in a short-term increase in the cost of inventory purchases while a significant decrease in demand could result in an increase in the amount of excess inventory quantities on hand. In addition, our industry is characterized by rapid technological change, frequent new product development, and rapid product obsolescence that could result in an increase in the amount of obsolete inventory quantities on hand. In the future, if our inventory were determined to be overvalued, we would be required to recognize such costs in our cost of goods sold at the time of such determination. Therefore, any significant unanticipated changes in demand or technological developments could have a significant impact on the value of our inventory and our operating results.

Income Taxes

We are required to estimate our provision for income taxes in each of the tax jurisdictions in which we conduct business. This process involves estimating our actual current tax expense in conjunction with the evaluation and measurement of temporary differences resulting from differing treatment of certain items for tax and accounting purposes. These temporary timing differences result in the establishment of deferred tax assets and liabilities, which are recorded on a net basis and included in our consolidated balance sheets. We then assess on a periodic basis the probability that our net deferred tax assets, if any, will be recovered. If after evaluating all of the positive and negative evidence, a conclusion is made that it is more likely than not that some portion or all of the net deferred tax assets will not be recovered, a valuation allowance is provided with a corresponding charge to tax expense to reserve the portion of the deferred tax assets which are estimated to be more likely than not to be realized.

Significant management judgment is required in determining our provision for income taxes, our deferred tax assets and liabilities and any required valuation allowance. During the second quarter of fiscal 2005, as a result of incurring cumulative losses for a three-year period, we established a valuation allowance totaling approximately $2.9 million, or the entire deferred tax asset balance existing as of the beginning of fiscal 2005. This valuation allowance was established based on management’s overall assessment of risks and uncertainties related to our future ability to realize, and hence, utilize certain deferred tax assets, primarily consisting of net operating losses, carry forward temporary differences and future tax deductions resulting from certain types of stock option exercises. Due to the current and prior years’ operating losses, the adjusted net deferred tax assets remain fully reserved as of January 31, 2007.2008.

Valuation of Goodwill

We account for goodwill and intangible assets in accordance with SFAS No. 141, “Business Combinations,” and SFAS No. 142, “Goodwill and Other Intangible Assets.” Accordingly, we no longer amortize goodwill from acquisitions, but continue to amortize other acquisition-related intangibles and costs. As of January 31, 2006,2008, we had $2.4$1.9 million of goodwill recorded in our audited consolidated balance sheet.

Under SFAS No. 142, goodwill impairment is deemed to exist if the net book value of a reporting unit exceeds its estimated fair value generally determined using a discounted cash flow methodology applied to the particular unit. This methodology differs from our previous policy, in accordance with accounting standards existing at that time, of using undiscounted cash flows on an enterprise-wide basis to determine recoverability.

We performed our annual goodwill impairment analysis as of January 31, 2007,2008, and identified no impairment.impairment related to our call box acquisition goodwill in the amount of $0.5 million. The impairment review is based upon a discounted cash flow approach that uses estimates of future market share and revenue and costs for the reporting units, as well as appropriate discount rates. The estimates used are consistent with the plans and estimates that we use to manage the underlying businesses. However, if we fail to deliver new products for these groups, if the products fail to gain expected market acceptance, or if market conditions in the related businesses are unfavorable, revenue and cost forecasts may not be achieved and we may incur additional charges for impairment of goodwill.

For intangible assets with definite useful lives, we amortize the cost over the estimated useful lives and assess any impairment by estimating the future cash flow from the associated asset in accordance with SFAS No. 144 “Accounting for the Impairment or Disposal of Long-Lived Assets.” We also annually review the useful lives of each of our intangible assets. As of January 31, 2007,2008, we had $0.8$0.5 million of non-goodwill acquired intangible assets recorded in intangible assets, which includes $0.1 million for software rights and $0.7 million forrelates to intellectual property rights.

Valuation of Long-Lived Assets

We evaluate long-lived assets used in operations, including purchased intangible assets, when indicators of impairment, such as reductions in demand or significant economic slowdowns that negatively impact our customers or markets, are present. Reviews are performed to determine whether the carrying value of assets is impaired based on comparison to the undiscounted expected future cash flows. If the comparison indicates that there is impairment, the impaired asset is written down to fair value, which is typically calculated using a weighted average of the market approach and the discounted expected future cash flows using a discount rate based upon our cost of capital.

Impairment is based on the excess of the carrying amount over the fair value of those assets. Significant management judgment is required in the forecast of future operating results that is used in the preparation of expected discounted cash flows. It is reasonably possible that the estimates of anticipated future net revenue, the remaining estimated economic life of the products and technologies, or both, could differ from those used to assess the recoverability of these assets. In that event, additional impairment charges or shortened useful lives of certain long-lived assets could be required.

Results of Operations—Continuing Operations

The following tables set forth certain items as a percentage of revenue from our audited consolidated statements of operations for fiscal 2008, 2007, 2006, and 2005:2006:

Consolidated

 

  Years Ended January 31,  2007 over
2006
% Change
  2006 over
2005
% Change
 
  2007  2006  2005   
  (In thousands)       
     % of
Revenue
     % of
Revenue
     % of
Revenue
       

Revenue:

        

Products

 $42,725  89% $42,260  90% $24,159  83% 1% 75%

Services

  5,051  11%  4,618  10%  5,064  17% 9% (9%)
                       
 $47,776  100% $46,878  100% $29,223  100% 2% 60%
                       

Operating loss

 $(501)  $(206)  $(8,207)   
                 

Income (loss) from continuing operations

 $1,777(1)  $6,376(2)  $(10,381)   
                 

   Years Ended January 31,  2008 over
2007
  2007 over
2006
 
  2008  2007  2006  % Change  % Change 
  (In thousands)       
      % of Revenue     % of Revenue     % of Revenue       

Revenue:

         

Products

  $18,353  79% $42,725  89% $42,260  90% (57)% 1%

Services

   4,847  21%  5,051  11%  4,618  10% (4)% 9%
                        
  $23,200  100% $47,776  100% $46,878  100% (51)% 2%
                        

Operating loss

  $(13,713)  $(501)  $(206)   
                  

Income (loss) from continuing operations

  $(9,984(1)  $1,777 (2)  $6,376 (3)   
                  

(1)

Includes gain on sale of investment in SwissQual totaling $2.0 million.

(2)

Includes gain on sale of investment in SwissQual totaling $1.7 million.

(2)(3)

Includes gain on sale of investment in SwissQual and intangible asset totaling $6.4 million.

  Years Ended January 31,  2007 over
2006
% Change
  2006 over
2005
% Change
   Years Ended January 31,  2008 over
2007
 2007 over
2006
 
  2007  2006  2005    2008  2007  2006  % Change % Change 
  (In thousands)    (In thousands)   

Revenue:

                        

Americas

                        

North America

  $38,570    $31,718    $15,415    22% 106%  $19,038  $38,570  $31,718  (51)% 22%

Others

   2,171     2,855     6,290    (24%) (55%)   986   2,171   2,855  (55)% (24)%

Europe

   6,311     12,022     7,168    (48%) 68%   2,303   6,311   12,022  (64)% (48)%

Asia—Pacific

   724     283     350    155% (19%)

Asia – Pacific

   873   724   283  21% 155%
                              
  $47,776    $46,878    $29,223    2% 60%  $23,200  $47,776  $46,878  (51)% 2%
                              

Revenue

The fiscal 2008 decrease in revenue of $24.6 million is attributable to decreased sales from all three of our businesses. The fiscal 2008 decrease in revenue for our ChargeSource®, WTS, and Call Box businesses totaled $11.3 million, $8.7 million, and $4.6 million, respectively, compared to fiscal 2007.

The fiscal 2007 increase in revenue of $0.9 million compared to fiscal 2006, is attributable to a $4.4 million and $5.7 million increase in sales by our ChargeSource® and call boxCall Box businesses, respectively, offset by a $9.2 million decrease in sales by our WTS business.

The fiscal 2006 increase in revenue of $17.7 million compared to fiscal 2005, is attributable to increased sales from all three of our businesses. The fiscal 2006 increase in revenue for ChargeSource, WTS, and call box businesses totaled $6.5 million, $7.7 million, and $3.4 million, respectively, compared to fiscal 2005. MoreA more detailed analysis of the revenue changes appears in the discussion byof each of our business segments below.

Cost of Revenue and Gross Margin

 

 Years Ended January 31, 2007 over
2006
% Change
  2006 over
2005
% Change
   Years Ended January 31, 2008 over
2007
 2007 over
2006
 
 2007 2006 2005  2008 2007 2006 % Change % Change 
 (In thousands)  (In thousands) 
   % of
Related
Revenue
   % of
Related
Revenue
   % of
Related
Revenue
      % of Related
Revenue
    % of Related
Revenue
    % of Related
Revenue
 

Cost of revenue:

                    

Products

 $25,165 59% $24,801 59% $15,474 64% 2% 60%  $13,851  76% $25,165  59% $24,801  59% (45)% 2%

Amortization—software development products

  1,097 3%  1,926 4%  1,971 8% (43%) (2%)

Amortization – software development products

   232  1%  1,097  3%  1,926  4% (79)% (43)%
                                      
  26,262 62%  26,727 63%  17,445 72% (2%) 53%   14,083  77%  26,262  62%  26,727  63% (46)% (2)%
                                      

Services

  3,330 66%  3,163 68%  3,441 68% 5% (8%)   3,280  68%  3,330  66%  3,163  68% (1)% 5%

Amortization—software development services

  22 —     22 1%  22 —    —    —   

Amortization – software development services

   11  —     22  —     22  1% (50)% —   
                                      
  3,352 66%  3,185 69%  3,463 68% 5% (8%)   3,291  68%  3,352  66%  3,185  69% (2)% 5%
                                      
 $29,614 62% $29,912 64% $20,908 72% (1%) 43%  $17,374  75% $29,614  62% $29,912  64% (41)% (1)%
                          
 Years Ended January 31, 2007 over
2006 ppt
Change
  2006 over
2005 ppt
Change
 
 2007 2006 2005 
 (In thousands) 

Gross margin:

        

Products

  38%  37%  28% 1  9 

Services

  34%  31%  32% 3  (1)

Combined gross margin

  38%  36%  28% 2  8 

   Years Ended January 31,  2008 over
2007 ppt
  2007 over
2006 ppt
  2008  2007  2006  Change  Change
  (In thousands)      

Gross margin:

      

Products

  23% 38% 37% (15) 1

Services

  32% 34% 31% (2) 3

Combined gross margin

  25% 38% 36% (13) 2

The fiscal 2008 decrease in cost of revenue of $12.2 million compared to fiscal 2007 is primarily attributable to the 51 percent volume decrease in total revenue. The cost of revenue did not decline by as much as revenue due to fixed manufacturing overhead remaining relatively constant in fiscal 2008 compared to fiscal 2007, as well as approximately $0.4 million in higher scrap charges, specifically as related to ChargeSource®. A more detailed analysis of the cost of revenue and gross margin changes appears in the discussion of our business segments below.

The fiscal 2007 decrease in cost of revenue of $0.3 million compared to fiscal 2006, was attributable to a $0.8 million decrease in amortization of software development, a $1.1 million decrease in ChargeSource® inventory charges, partially offset by a $0.6 million increase in subcontractor costs in support of our call box upgrades, and the increase in total revenue.

The fiscal 2006 increase in cost of revenue of $9.0 million compared to fiscal 2005, is primarily attributable to the 75 percent volume increase in product revenue. Cost of product revenue as a percentage of product revenue decreased to 59 percent from 64 percent for fiscal 2005. The fiscal 2006 decrease in cost of product revenue as a percentage of product revenue was primarily due to the 48 percent volume increase in WTS product revenue compared to fiscal 2005, which typically has higher margins compared to our ChargeSource and call box products.

Operating Costs and Expenses

 

 Years Ended January 31, 2007 over
2006
% Change
  2006 over
2005
% Change
   Years Ended January 31, 2008 over
2007
 2007 over
2006
 
 2007 2006 2005  2008 2007 2006 % Change % Change 
 (In thousands)  (In thousands) 
   % of
Revenue
   % of
Revenue
   % of
Revenue
      % of Revenue    % of Revenue    % of Revenue 

Operating expenses:

                    

Selling, general, and administrative expenses, excluding corporate overhead

 $5,485 11% $4,386 9% $5,336 18% 25% (18%)  $5,253  22% $5,485  11% $4,386  9% (4)% 25%

Allocated corporate overhead

  5,189 11%  5,104 11%  3,665 12% 2% 39%   4,991  22%  5,189  11%  5,104  11% (4)% 2%

Goodwill impairment charge

   496  2%  —    —     —    —    —    —   

Gross engineering and support expenses

  7,989 17%  7,682 17%  7,521 26% 4% 2%   8,799  38%  7,989  17%  7,682  17% 10% 4%
                                      
 $18,663 39% $17,172 37% $16,522 56% 9% 4%  $19,539  84% $18,663  39% $17,172  37% 5% 9%
                                      

As revenue has declined for the year ended January 31, 2008 compared to the prior fiscal years presented, selling, general, and administrative expenses, allocated corporate overhead expenses, and gross engineering and support expenses all represent a larger percentage of revenue than in the prior year. The fixed cost structure of our business has been maintained in support of our expected future business.

The fiscal 2008 decrease in selling, general, and administrative expenses of $0.2 million compared to fiscal 2007 relates to a reduction in WTS selling expenses in Europe and South America, as well as reduced commission expenses earned by WTS sales staff offset by increased legal fees of $0.8 million incurred relating to the Mobility litigation.

The fiscal 2007 increase in selling, general, and administrative expenses of $1.1 million compared to fiscal 2006 was attributable to several factors including:

 

A $0.5 million non-recurring bad debt recovery related to our WTS business recorded in fiscal 2006;

 

The fiscal 2007 increase in legal fees of approximately $0.4 million compared to fiscal 2006, relating to the development and protection of our ChargeSource intellectual property rights, and

The fiscal 2007 increase in legal fees of approximately $0.4 million compared to fiscal 2006, relating to the development and protection of our ChargeSource® intellectual property rights, and

 

The fiscal 2007 increase in selling, general, and administrative expenses of approximately $0.2 million compared to fiscal 2006, relating to increased call box personnel costs.

The fiscal 2006 decrease in selling, general, and administrative expenses of $1.0 million compared to fiscal 2005, was attributable to the recovery of bad debt expense related to our WTS business, totaling approximately $0.5 million in fiscal 2006, compared to bad debt expense recorded in fiscal 2005 of approximately the same amount.

Allocated corporate overhead consists of salaries and other personnel-related expenses of our accounting and finance, human resources and benefits, and other administrative personnel, as well as professional fees, directors’ fees, and other costs and expenses attributable to being a public company. These costs are typically allocated to our three businesses based on each business’s percentage share of total Company costs and expenses. As a percentage of revenue, allocated corporate overhead remained stable atdoubled to 22 percent in fiscal 2008 compared to 11 percent in fiscal 2007.

In fiscal 2008, allocated corporate overhead decreased by $0.2 million or 4 percent. The primary reason for the decrease is due to non-recurring corporate relocation expenses of revenue for both$0.3 million incurred in fiscal 2007 relating to the August 2006 corporate office move to its present location. Offsetting this decrease was a slight increase in expenses related to the current year Sarbanes-Oxley 404 internal control testing and 2006.SFAS No. 123R compensation expense.

While allocated corporate overhead for fiscal 2007 increased by less than $0.1 million compared to fiscal 2006, the specific cost components did fluctuate. In fiscal 2007, the Companywe adopted SFAS No. 123R and

included approximately $0.3 million of non-cash compensation expense in allocated corporate overhead. Additionally, in fiscal 2007 we incurred approximately $0.3 million related to relocating our corporate offices. These fiscal 2007 increases in allocated corporate overhead were offset by a decrease in incentive compensation for our corporate officers totaling $0.5 million compared to fiscal 2006.

The fiscal 2006 increase2008 goodwill impairment charge relates to the impairment of call box goodwill in allocated corporate overheadthe amount of $1.4 million compared$0.5 million. We perform the annual assessment of impairment for goodwill during the fourth quarter each year. During the current year assessment it was determined that the future cash flows anticipated to be generated by the business are insufficient to cover the current carrying value of assets. The entire balance of goodwill related to the fiscal 2005, was attributable to a $0.5 million increase in consulting fees incurred for Sarbanes-Oxley 404 readiness, a $0.3 million increase in audit1997 GTE call box acquisition and tax professional services expense, and a $0.6 million increase in incentive compensation driven by improved financial results forthe fiscal 2006.1998 Cubic acquisition were written-off.

Gross engineering and support expenses generally consist of salaries, employer paid benefits, and other personnel related costs of our hardware and software design engineers and testing and product support personnel, as well as facility and IT costs, professional and consulting fees, lab costs, material usages, and travel and related costs incurred in the development and support of our products.

The fiscal 2008 increase in engineering and support costs includes approximately $0.8 million in increased materials and lab testing for the development of the Lenovo OEM power adapter by our ChargeSource® business.

The fiscal 2007 increase in engineering and support expenses of $0.3 million compared to fiscal 2006, was primarily attributable to increased WTS engineering costs consisting of wages and related costs, as well as third-party design fees in support of the modificationredesign of the Seven.Five QoS software to exclude SwissQual content.

We capitalize costs incurred for the development of software embedded in our WTS products subsequent to establishing technological feasibility. These capitalized costs are subject to an ongoing assessment of recoverability based on anticipated future revenue and changes in hardware and software technologies. Costs that are capitalized include direct labor and related overhead. We did not capitalize any software development costs in fiscal 2008, 2007, or 2006.

Other Income, net

Other income, net, consists primarily of interest income earned on invested cash balances. Other income, net, was $0.8 million, $0.9 million, $0.3 million, and $0.2$0.3 million in fiscal 2008, 2007, 2006, and 2005,2006, respectively. The increases in fiscal 20072008 and 20062007 in other income compared to the respective prior fiscal years was2006 were due to increases in our cash balances coupled with higher interest rates.

Gain on Sale of Equipment, net

The gain on sale of equipment recorded during the first quarter of fiscal 2008 relates to the sale of WTS equipment, the majority of which was previously leased to outsourced engineering services providers.

Gain on Sale of Investment in SwissQual and Intangible Asset

As further discussed in the section entitled “Results of Operations—Operations – Wireless Test Solutions” during January 2006, we sold our 18 percent interest in SwissQual. Upon the closing of the transaction, we received approximately $6.8 million of the closing consideration, net of transaction costs, and may receive up to an additional $5.4 million of any escrow distribution and contingent consideration.costs. We recorded a gain on sale of investment totaling $6.1 million, which was based on the cash consideration we received. During fiscal 2007, the Companywe received $1.7 million of contingent consideration, net of $0.1 million of transaction costs, recorded as gain on sale of investment in SwissQual. During fiscal 2008, we received $2.0 million of contingent consideration and escrow distributions, net of $43,000 of transaction costs, recorded as gain on sale of investment in SwissQual.

Prior to the sale transaction, SwissQual declared and paid a cash dividend to its then current shareholders. During January 2006, we recorded the approximately $0.4 million dividend declared as a reduction in the cost basis of our investment in SwissQual. Additionally, during December 2005, we sold rights to software to SwissQual for approximately $0.5 million. At the time of the sale, such software rights had an unamortized book value of approximately $0.2 million. Accordingly, we recorded a gain on sale of intangible assets totaling approximately $0.3 million.

Income Tax Expense (Benefit)

Significant management judgment is required in determining our provision for income taxes, our deferred tax assets and liabilities, and any required valuation allowance. During the second quarter of fiscal 2005, we

established a valuation allowance totaling approximately $2.9 million, or the entire deferred tax asset balance existing as of the beginning of fiscal 2005. This valuation allowance was established based on management’s overall assessment of risks and uncertainties related to our future ability to realize, and hence, utilize certain deferred tax assets, primarily consisting of net operating losses, carry forward temporary differences, and future tax deductions resulting from certain types of stock option exercises. Due to the current and prior years’ operating losses, the adjusted net deferred tax assets remained fully reserved as of January 31, 2007.2008.

During fiscal 2008, we recorded a net loss of $10.0 million and recorded $0.6 million in income tax benefit. The net deferred tax asset of $7.7 million at January 31, 2008 is fully reserved, and includes net operating loss carryforwards created in the current fiscal year of $2.7 million.

During fiscal 2007, we recorded net income of $1.8 million and recorded $0.4 million in income tax expense, having fully utilized our net operating loss carryforwards. The net deferred tax asset of $4.3 million at January 31, 2007 was fully reserved.

During fiscal 2006, we recorded net income of $6.3 million and $0.2 million in AMT income tax expense and utilized approximately $2.8 million of our net operating loss carryforwards. The remaining net deferred tax asset of $3.5 million at January 31, 2006 was fully reserved.

During

ChargeSource®

   Years Ended January 31,  2008 over
2007
  2007 over
2006
 
  2008  2007  2006  % Change  % Change 
  (In thousands)       
      % of Revenue     % of Revenue     % of Revenue       

Revenue:

         

Products

  $5,434  100% $16,745  100% $12,303  100% (68)% 36%

Services

   —    —     —    —     —    —    —    —   
                        
  $5,434  100% $16,745  100% $12,303  100% (68)% 36%
                        

Operating loss

  $(8,740)  $(459)  $(3,530)   
                  

   Years Ended January 31,  2008 over
2007
  2007 over
2006
 
  2008  2007  2006  % Change  % Change 
  (In thousands)       

Revenue:

         

Americas:

         

North America

  $3,012  $13,346  $8,822  (77)% 51%

Others

   —     —     —    —    —   

Europe

   2,127   3,294   3,392  (35)% (3)%

Asia – Pacific

   295   105   89  181% 18%
               
  $5,434  $16,745  $12,303  (68)% 36%
               

   Years Ended January 31,  2008 over
2007
  2007 over
2006
 
  2008  2007  2006  % Change  % Change 
  (In thousands)       

Revenue:

         

Kensington

  $4,660  $15,425  $11,827  (70)% 30%

Battery Biz

   259   1,055   404  (75)% 161%

Tumi

   280   213   —    31% —   

Lenovo

   226   —     —    —    —   

Other

   9   52   72  (83)% (28)%
               
  $5,434  $16,745  $12,303  (68)% 36%
               

The fiscal 2008 decrease in revenue of $11.3 million, or 68 percent, is primarily due to decreased sales to Kensington. As previously discussed, in April 2007 we entered into a non-exclusive retail distribution agreement with Kensington to allow us to partner with multiple retail distributors. Since the fourth quarter of fiscal 2007, we recorded net income of $1.8 millionKensington has purchased fewer ChargeSource® products compared to orders placed under the now terminated exclusive retail distribution agreement. We continue to believe that Kensington is sourcing certain external power adapters, which are not slim and recorded $0.4 millionlight, from other Asian suppliers, resulting in income tax expense, having fully utilizeddecreased orders for our net operating loss carryforwards. The net deferred tax asset of $4.3 million at January 31, 2007 is fully reserved.slim and light ChargeSource® products.

Mobile Power Products (ChargeSource)

   Years Ended January 31,  

2007 over
2006
% Change

  2006 over
2005
% Change
 
   2007  2006  2005   
   (In thousands)       
      % of
Revenue
     % of
Revenue
     % of
Revenue
       

Revenue:

         

Products

  $16,745  100% $12,303  100% $5,788  100% 36% 113%

Services

   —    —     —    —     —    —    —    —   
                        
  $16,745  100% $12,303  100% $5,788  100% 36% 113%
                        

Operating loss

  $(459)  $(3,530)  $(4,366)   
                  
   Years Ended January 31,  2007 over
2006
% Change
  2006 over
2005
% Change
 
   2007  2006  2005   
   (In thousands)       

Revenue:

         

Americas:

         

North America

  $13,346   $8,822   $5,134   51% 72%

Others

   —      —      —     —    —   

Europe

   3,294    3,392    307   (3%) 1,005%

Asia—Pacific

   105    89    347   18% (74%)
                  
  $16,745   $12,303   $5,788   36% 113%
                  
   Years Ended January 31,  2007 over
2006
% Change
  2006 over
2005
% Change
 
   2007  2006  2005   
   (In thousands)       

Revenue:

         

Kensington

  $15,425   $11,827   $948   30% 1,148%

Belkin

   —      —      641   —    (100%)

Targus

   —      —      4,131   —    (100%)

Battery Biz

   1,055    404    —     161% —   

Tumi

   213    —      —     —    —   

Other

   52    72    68   (28%) 6%
                  
  $16,745   $12,303   $5,788   36% 113%
                  

The fiscal 2007 increase in ChargeSource® revenue of $4.4 million compared to fiscal 2006, was primarily attributable to an increase in sales to Kensington of $3.6 million. Kensington became our exclusive distributor for the retail channel during the third quarter of fiscal 2005 and we began shipping to Kensington during the first quarter of fiscal 2006 as they achieved product placement in retail. ChargeSource® revenue ramped-up during fiscal 2006. First quarter revenue totaled $1.8 million increasing to $4.7 million in the fourth quarter. For the first three quarters of fiscal 2007, ChargeSource® revenue ranged between $4.1 million and $4.5 million per quarter. For the fourth quarter of fiscal 2007 ChargeSource® revenue decreased to $3.8 million compared to the prior 2007 fiscal quarters. We believe Kensington reduced their orders during the fourth quarter of fiscal 2007 in an effort to reduce their inventory of previously purchased ChargeSource® products. As discussed above, this trend continued in the first quarter of fiscal 2008 during which we did not receive significant orders from Kensington. In April 2007, we entered into a new non-exclusive distribution agreement with Kensington.

The fiscal 2006 increase in ChargeSource revenue of $6.5 million compared to fiscal 2005, is primarily attributable to an increase in sales to Kensington as they achieved placement of our ChargeSource products with “Big Box” retailers.

Cost of Revenue and Gross Margin

 

  Years Ended January 31, 2007 over
2006
% Change
  2006 over
2005
% Change
   Years Ended January 31, 2008 over
2007
 2007 over
2006
 
  2007 2006 2005  2008 2007 2006 % Change % Change 
  (In thousands)  (In thousands) 
     % of
Revenue
    % of
Revenue
    % of
Revenue
      % of Revenue    % of Revenue    % of Revenue 

Cost of revenue:

                        

Products

  $11,901  71% $10,548  86% $6,163  106% 13% 71%  $7,329  135% $11,901  71% $10,548  86% (38)% 13%

Amortization—software development

   —    —     —       —    —    —    —   

Amortization – software development

   —    —     —    —     —    —    —    —   
                                          
   11,901  71%  10,548  86%  6,163  106% 13% 71%   7,329  135%  11,901  71%  10,548  86% (38)% 13%

Services

   —    —     —       —    —    —    —      —      —    —     —    —    —    —   
                                          
  $11,901  71% $10,548  86% $6,163  106% 13% 71%  $7,329  135% $11,901  71% $10,548  86% (38)% 13%
                                          
  Years Ended January 31, 2007 over
2006 ppt
Change
  2006 over
2005 ppt
Change
 
  2007 2006 2005 
  (In thousands) 

Gross margin:

            

Products

    29%   14%   (6%) 15  20 

Services

    —      —      —    —    —   
                  
    29%   14%   (6%) 15  20 
                  

   Years Ended January 31,  2008 over
2007 ppt
  2007 over
2006 ppt
  2008  2007  2006  Change  Change
  (In thousands)      

Gross margin:

      

Products

  (35)% 29% 14% (64) 15

Services

  —    —    —    —    —  
            
  (35)% 29% 14% (64) 15
            

The fiscal 2008 decrease in cost of revenue is attributable to a 68 percent volume decrease in revenue compared to fiscal 2007. The current level of ChargeSource® revenue is insufficient to fully absorb our fixed manufacturing overhead. Cost of revenue for the year ended January 31, 2008 includes $2.4 million of under-absorbed fixed manufacturing overhead. Additionally, the fiscal 2008 cost of revenue includes $0.3 million in increased scrap costs over the prior year, primarily due to design changes made during the development of the Lenovo product.

The fiscal 2007 increase in cost of revenue was attributable to a 36 percent volume increase in revenue compared to fiscal 2006. Cost of revenue for fiscal 2007 and 2006 included scrap and inventory charges totaling $0.2 million and $1.3 million, respectively. Due to the revenue volume increase and a $1.1 million decrease in scrap and inventory charges incurred in fiscal 2007, cost of revenue as a percentage of revenue decreased to 71 percent from 86 percent for fiscal 2006. Additionally, cost of revenue as a percentage of revenue for fiscal 2007 decreased due to improved absorption of fixed manufacturing costs driven by the fiscal 2007 increase in revenue volume compared to fiscal 2006.

The fiscal 2006 increase in cost of revenue was primarily attributable to a 113 percent volume increase in revenue compared to fiscal 2005. Due to the revenue volume increase and related improved absorption of fixed manufacturing for fiscal 2006, costs of revenue as a percentage of revenue decreased to 86 percent from

106 percent for fiscal 2005. Cost of revenue for fiscal 2006 and 2005 included scrap and inventory charges totaling $1.3 million and $1.1 million, respectively. These charges were attributable to several factors including:

Transitioning our contract manufacturer from a consignment model to turn-key;

Write-off of excess inventory and finished goods that were procured and manufactured based on anticipated market demand, and

Write-off of finished goods that were manufactured for our former distribution partners.

Excluding these scrap and inventory charges, cost of revenue as a percentage of revenue for fiscal 2006 and fiscal 2005 was 75 percent and 87 percent, respectively.

Operating Costs and Expenses

 

  Years Ended January 31, 2007 over
2006
% Change
  2006 over
2005
% Change
   Years Ended January 31, 2008 over
2007
 2007 over
2006
 
  2007 2006 2005  2008 2007 2006 % Change % Change 
  (In thousands)  (In thousands) 
     % of
Revenue
    % of
Revenue
    % of
Revenue
      % of Revenue    % of Revenue    % of Revenue 

Operating expenses:

                        

Selling, general, and administrative expenses, excluding corporate overhead

  $1,723  10% $1,406  11% $1,055  18% 22% 33%  $2,408  44% $1,723  10% $1,406  11% 40% 22%

Allocated corporate overhead

   1,849  11%  1,710  14%  994  17% 8% 72%   1,940  36%  1,849  11%  1,710  14% 5% 8%

Gross engineering and support expenses

   1,731  10%  2,169  18%  1,942  34% (20%) 12%   2,497  46%  1,731  10%  2,169  18% 44% (20)%
                                          
  $5,303  31% $5,285  43% $3,991  69% —    32%  $6,845  126% $5,303  31% $5,285  43% 29% —   
                                          

Selling, general, and administrative expenses generally consist of salaries, employer paid benefits, commissions and other personnel related costs of our management, sales, marketing and administrative personnel, facility and IT costs, professional fees, advertising, promotions, printed media, and travel directly attributable to our ChargeSource® business.

The fiscal 2008 increase in selling, general, and administrative expenses is attributable to an increase in legal fees of $0.8 million related primarily to the Mobility litigation, offset by reduced personnel costs of nearly $0.1 million.

The fiscal 2007 increase in selling, general, and administrative expenses in fiscal 2007 of $0.3 million compared to fiscal 2006, was primarily attributable to increased legal fees relating to the development and protection of our intellectual property rights.

Selling, general, and administrative expenses for fiscal 2006 increased by approximately $0.4 million compared to fiscal 2005. In fiscal 2006 we increased our reserve for uncollectible accounts receivable by approximately $0.2 million, as a result of a voluntary mediation held on April 4, 2006 between Targus and CWT. This additional reserve recorded in fiscal 2006 brings the net receivable balance due from Targus down to $500,000, the amount Targus paid pursuant to an executed settlement agreement. Additionally, during fiscal 2005, we recovered a bad debt expense in the amount of approximately $0.3 million. No similar cost recovery was realized in fiscal 2006.

See the section above entitled “Consolidated” under the caption “Operating Costs and Expenses” under the “Consolidated” section earlier in this document for a discussion of allocated corporate overhead.

Gross engineering and support expenses generally consist of salaries, employer paid benefits, and other personnel related costs of our electrical and mechanical design engineers and testing and product support personnel, as well as facility and IT costs, professional and consulting fees, lab costs, material usages, and travel and related costs incurred in the development and support of our ChargeSource® business.

The fiscal 2008 increase in engineering and support costs of $0.8 million relates primarily to the design of the new small form factor 90-watt AC/DC external power adapter for Lenovo, which began shipping in the latter part of the fourth quarter. We incurred $0.4 million in increased material costs during the design phase as well as increased professional fees for lab testing and certifications of $0.2 million. There was also an additional $0.1 million in increased incentive compensation during fiscal 2008.

The fiscal 2007 decrease in engineering and support expenses of $0.4 million compared to fiscal 2006, was primarily attributable to reduced personnel costs, primarily contract labor, as well as reduced independent lab testing fees. During fiscal 2007, our design and development efforts focused on a single external high-power adapter platform intended to meet the requirements of retail distribution, as well as the notebook computer OEMs. Currently, we expect to release this platform in various configurations during the third quarter of fiscal 2008.

The fiscal 2006 increase in engineering and support expenses of $0.2 million compared to fiscal 2005, was primarily due to the addition of engineering design resources, including employees, temporary labor, and outside design consultants, in support of numerous development programs intended to address the need for external high- and low-power adapters, OEM design and performance requirements, and national and international regulatory requirements.

Wireless Test Solutions (“WTS”)

Revenue

 

  Years Ended January 31, 2007 over
2006
% Change
  2006 over
2005
% Change
   Years Ended January 31, 2008 over
2007
 2007 over
2006
 
  2007 2006 2005  2008 2007 2006 % Change % Change 
  (In thousands)  (In thousands) 
    % of
Revenue
    % of
Revenue
   % of
Revenue
     % of Revenue   % of Revenue    % of Revenue 

Revenue:

                    

Products

  $14,653  96% $24,327  99% $16,475  98% (40%) 48%  $5,962  90% $14,653  96% $24,327  99% (59)% (40)%

Services

   654  4%  207  1%  365  2% 216% (43%)   695  10%  654  4%  207  1% 6% 216%
                                          
  $15,307  100% $24,534  100% $16,840  100% (38%) 46%  $6,657  100% $15,307  100% $24,534  100% (57)% (38)%
                                          

Operating income (loss)

  $(1,978)  $1,675   $(4,431)     $(6,832)  $(1,978)  $1,675    
                              
  Years Ended January 31, 2007 over
2006
% Change
  2006 over
2005
% Change
 
  2007 2006 2005 
  (In thousands) 

Revenue:

          

Americas:

          

North America

  $9,500   $12,855   $3,686   (26%) 249%

Others

   2,171    2,855    6,290   (24%) (55%)

Europe

   3,017    8,630    6,861   (65%) 26%

Asia—Pacific

   619    194    3   219% 6,367%
               
  $15,307   $24,534   $16,840   (38%) 46%
               

   Years Ended January 31,  2008 over
2007
  2007 over
2006
 
  2008  2007  2006  % Change  % Change 
  (In thousands)       

Revenue:

         

Americas:

         

North America

  $4,917  $9,500  $12,855  (48)% (26)%

Others

   986   2,171   2,855  (55)% (24)%

Europe

   176   3,017   8,630  (94)% (65)%

Asia – Pacific

   578   619   194  (7)% 219%
               
  $6,657  $15,307  $24,534  (57)% (38)%
               

The decrease in WTS revenue of $8.7 million in fiscal 2008 as compared to fiscal 2007 relates to decreased revenue across all of our regions. The wireless industry is composed of a relatively small number of wireless carriers and equipment vendors, which can lead to volatility in our results. Our business is characterized by sales to a limited set of customers in each region where we do business. Specifically, in Europe and North America, sales to SwissQual and Verizon decreased $2.5 million and $3.3 million, respectively.

As previously discussed, we received an order from AT&T valued at $10.1 million, which we began delivering during the first quarter of fiscal 2009.

The decrease of product revenue of $9.7 million in fiscal 2007 as compared to fiscal 2006 was attributable to decreased sales to Verizon and SwissQual, the former exclusive reseller of our WTS products in our European region. Fiscal 2007 product revenue from Verizon decreased approximately $4.9 million to $7.0 million fromas compared to $11.9 million for fiscal 2006. As discussed above, we were awarded two significant contracts from Verizon during fiscal 2006 whichthat were completed during fiscal 2006 and 2007. Additionally, fiscal 2007 sales to SwissQual decreased approximately $6.3 million to $2.5 million fromas compared to $8.8 million for fiscal 2006.2006, representing a decrease of approximately $6.3 million. Due to the sale of SwissQual to Spirent in January 2006, SwissQual ceased to be our reseller in Europe effective December 31, 2006.

The fiscal 2006 increase in product revenue of $7.9 million compared to fiscal 2005, was primarily due to the two significant contracts from Verizon for the purchase of our Seven.Five voice and data systems. These contracts were significant to our WTS business and its operations for fiscal 2006 and were primarily responsible

for the fiscal 2006 revenue increase in our North American region, which increased 249 percent compared to fiscal 2005. Revenue in fiscal 2006 derived from our customers in Latin America/South America decreased 55 percent compared to fiscal 2005. This decrease highlights that the wireless industry is composed of a relatively small number of wireless carriers and equipment vendors, which can lead to volatility in our results and that our business is characterized by sales to a limited set of customers in each region where we do business. The timing and size of customer orders can vary greatly making it difficult to forecast our results from period to period. Consequently, our WTS business is affected in any single region by the priorities of a small group of customers.

Cost of Revenue and Gross Margin

 

  Years Ended January 31, 2007 over
2006
% Change
  2006 over
2005
% Change
   Years Ended January 31, 2008 over
2007
% Change
  2007 over
2006
% Change
 
  2007 2006 2005  2008 2007 2006 
  (In thousands)  (In thousands) 
     % of
Related
Revenue
    % of
Related
Revenue
    % of
Related
Revenue
      % of Related
Revenue
    % of Related
Revenue
    % of Related
Revenue
 

Cost of revenue:

                        

Products

  $5,119  35% $10,896  45% $8,284  50% (53%) 32%  $2,798  47% $5,119  35% $10,896  45% (45)% (53)%

Amortization—software development

   1,097  7%  1,926  8%  1,971  12% (43%) (2%)

Amortization – software development

   232  4%  1,097  7%  1,926  8% (79)% (43)%
                                          
   6,216  42%  12,822  53%  10,255  62% (51%) 25%   3,030  51%  6,216  42%  12,822  53% (51)% (51)%
                                          

Services

   270  41%  73  35%  28  8% 270% 161%   431  62%  270  41%  73  35% 60% 270%
                                          
  $6,486  42% $12,895  53% $10,283  61% (50%) 25%  $3,461  52% $6,486  42% $12,895  53% (47)% (50)%
                              
  

Years Ended January 31,

 2007 over
2006 ppt
Change
  2006 over
2005 ppt
Change
 
  2007 2006 2005 
  (In thousands) 

Gross margin:

            

Products

    58%   47%   38% 11  9 

Services

    59%   65%   92% (6) (27)

Combined gross margin

    58%   47%   39% 11  8 

   Years Ended January 31,  2008 over
2007 ppt
Change
  2007 over
2006 ppt
Change
 
  2008  2007  2006   
     (In thousands)       

Gross margin:

      

Products

  49% 58% 47% (9) 11 

Services

  38% 59% 65% (21) (6)

Combined gross margin

  48% 58% 47% (10) 11 

The fiscal 2008 decrease in cost of revenue is attributable to a 57 percent decrease in revenue. Capitalized software amortization decreased by $0.9 million, or 79 percent, over the prior year, which contributed to the decline in cost of goods sold. Offsetting the declines in cost of goods sold related to a reduction in revenue and capitalized software amortization, was a $0.5 million increase in expenditures to fulfill maintenance commitments.

The fiscal 2007 decrease in cost of revenue was attributable to the 40 percent volume decrease in product revenue compared to fiscal 2006, as well as other factors. CostThe fiscal 2007 cost of product revenue as a percentage of product revenue decreased to 35 percent from 45 percent for fiscal 2006. The fiscal 2007 decrease in cost of product revenue as a percentage of product revenue was due to the following factors:

 

Cost of product revenue for fiscal 2007 and 2006 included approximately $0.5 million and $1.1 million of incremental allocated fixed manufacturing costs, respectively, resulting in a fiscal 2007 decrease of approximately $0.6 million compared to fiscal 2006. This decrease was driven by the decrease in product revenue for fiscal 2007;

 

We typically achieve a lower net revenue on sales to SwissQual due to required revenue sharing under the distribution and sales agreement. For fiscal 2007, sales to SwissQual as a percentage of total WTS revenue decreased to 17 percent from 36 percent for fiscal 2006;

 

During the second and third quarters of fiscal 2007, we shipped several higher-margin Seven.Five upgrade orders. No similar upgrade orders were shipped during fiscal 2006,2006; and

 

During the fourth quarter of fiscal 2007, we recorded approximately $1.1 million in revenue sharing from SwissQual under the distribution and sales agreement. The related products sold had no cost borne by us and increased our gross profit by the revenue sharing received.

The fiscal 2006 increase in cost of revenue was attributable to a 48 percent volume increase in product revenue compared to fiscal 2005, as well as other factors. Cost of product revenue as a percentage of product revenue decreased to 45 percent from 50 percent for fiscal 2005. The fiscal 2006 decrease in cost of product revenue as a percentage of product revenue was due to the following factors:

Increased year-over-year sales in North America made by our direct sales force, which provided increased net revenue to Comarco on sales of our Seven.Five products as compared to sales made by SwissQual in our European region. For fiscal 2006, sales to SwissQual as a percentage of total WTS revenue decreased to 36 percent from 39 percent for fiscal 2005;

No sales of third-party non-core products with lower gross margins during fiscal 2006, and

Increased absorption of fixed manufacturing overhead attributable to increased manufacturing activity experienced by our other two segments.

Fiscal 2008, 2007, and 2006 amortization of previously capitalized software development costs which totaled approximately $0.2 million, $1.1 million, and $1.9 million, respectively, is currently expected to be approximately $0.2 million for fiscal 2008, which will fully amortize the remaining net capitalized software development costs existing as of January 31, 2007.respectively.

Operating Costs and Expenses

 

 Years Ended January 31, 2007 over
2006
% Change
  2006 over
2005
% Change
   Years Ended January 31, 2008 over
2007
% Change
  2007 over
2006
% Change
 
 2007 2006 2005  2008 2007 2006 
 (In thousands)  (In thousands) 
   % of
Revenue
   % of
Revenue
   % of
Revenue
      % of Revenue    % of Revenue    % of Revenue 

Operating costs and expenses:

                    

Selling, general, and administrative expenses, excluding corporate overhead

 $3,258 21% $2,641 11% $3,946 24% 23% (33%)  $2,417  36% $3,258  21% $2,641  11% (26)% 23%

Allocated corporate overhead

  1,858 12%  2,488 10%  2,084 12% (25%) 19%   1,841  28%  1,858  12%  2,488  10% (1)% (25)%

Gross engineering and support expenses

  5,683 37%  4,835 20%  4,958 29% 18% (2%)   5,770  87%  5,683  37%  4,835  20% 2% 18%

Capitalized software development costs

  —   —     —   —     —   —    —    —      —    —     —    —     —    —    —    —   
                                      
 $10,799 70% $9,964 41% $10,988 65% 8% (9%)  $10,028  151% $10,799  70% $9,964  41% (7)% 8%
                                      

Selling, general, and administrative expenses generally consist of salaries, employer paid benefits, commissions and other personnel related costs of our sales, marketing and support personnel, facility and IT costs, professional fees, advertising, promotions, printed media, and travel directly attributable to our WTS business.

The fiscal 2008 decrease in selling, general, and administrative expenses of $0.8 million relates to decreased personnel and related costs of $0.5 million in North America and reduced travel of $0.3 million in all regions and a general decrease in sales commissions.

The fiscal 2007 increase in selling, general, and administrative expenses of $0.6 million compared to fiscal 2006, was attributable to a $0.5 million non-recurring bad debt recovery recorded in fiscal 2006. In fiscal 2007, we recorded approximately $0.1 million in bad debt expense to reserve potentially uncollectible accounts receivable.

The fiscal 2006 decrease in selling, general, and administrative expenses of $1.3 million compared to fiscal 2005, was due to the following factors:

During fiscal 2006, we collected bad debts totaling approximately $0.5 million, which were previously reserved during the prior fiscal year, and

Fiscal 2005 included a $0.4 million charge recognized in settlement of a dispute with a significant customer based in Latin America.

Excluding these charges and subsequent collections of bad debts, selling, general, and administrative expenses in fiscal 2006 were comparable to fiscal 2005.

See the section above entitled “Consolidated” under the caption “Operating Costs and Expenses” under the “Consolidated” section earlier in this document for a discussion of allocated corporate overhead.

Gross engineering and support expenses generally consist of salaries, employer paid benefits, and other personnel related costs of our hardware and software design engineers and testing and product support personnel, as well as facility and IT costs, professional and consulting fees, lab costs, material usages, and travel and related costs incurred in the development and support of our WTS business.

Gross engineering expenses increased $0.1 million in fiscal 2008 or 2 percent, primarily due to increased wages and related expenses.

The fiscal 2007 increase in gross engineering and support costs of $0.8 million compared to fiscal 2006 was primarily attributable to increased WTS engineering costs consisting of wages and related costs, as well as third-party design fees in support of the effort to modifyredesign of the Seven.Five QoS software to exclude SwissQual content. The fiscal 2007 increase in wages and related costs, and third-party design fees totaled approximately $0.5 million compared to fiscal 2006.

We capitalize costs incurred for the development of software embedded in our WTS products subsequent to establishing technological feasibility. These capitalized costs are subject to an ongoing assessment of recoverability based on anticipated future revenue and changes in hardware and software technologies. Costs that are capitalized include direct labor and related overhead. We did not capitalize any software development costs in fiscal 2008, 2007, and 2006 as we completed the development of the software embedded in our Seven.Five product platform during the first half of fiscal 2004. Currently, we do not expect to capitalize software development costs during fiscal 2008.or 2006.

During January 2006, Spirent acquired 100 percent of the outstanding shares of SwissQual, including our 18 percent ownership interest, for consideration totaling up to approximately $71.3 million. Approximately $37.6 million in cash was paid at the close of the transaction, which is net of $2.5 million of transaction costs, with

an additional $9.1 million put into escrow to secure certain indemnification obligations. The escrowed consideration is expected to be released within 24 months of the close. In addition, up to $22.1 million in contingent consideration may be paid within 24 months of closing upon satisfaction of certain performance and other requirements. The majority of the escrowed consideration was released to SwissQual shareholders in January 2008. Upon the closing of the transaction, we received approximately $6.8 million of the closing consideration, which is net of $0.5 million of transaction costs, for our 18 percent ownership interest in SwissQual and may receive up to an additional $5.4 million of any escrow distribution and contingent consideration.SwissQual. During January 2006, we recorded a gain on sale of investment totaling $6.1 million, which was based on the cash consideration we received.

During fiscal 2007, we received $1.7 million of contingent consideration net of $0.1 million of transaction costs, recorded as gain on sale of investment in SwissQual. Due to uncertainty as to timing and amountDuring fiscal 2008, we received $2.0 million of any escrow distribution and remaining contingent consideration and escrow distributions net of $43,000 of transaction costs, recorded as a gain on sale of investment in SwissQual. During the fourth quarter of fiscal 2008, we will record an additional gain only when the contingencies have lapsed and the funds are probablereceived $1.4 million of receipt.escrow distributions.

Prior to the acquisition, SwissQual declared and paid a dividend to the then current shareholders. During January 2006, we recorded the approximately $0.4 million dividend declared as a reduction in the cost basis of our investment in SwissQual. Additionally, during December 2005, we sold rights to software to SwissQual for approximately $0.5 million. At the time of the sale, such software rights had an unamortized book value of approximately $0.2 million. Accordingly, we recorded a gain on sale of the intangible asset totaling approximately $0.3 million.

The gain on sale of investment in SwissQual and intangible asset is comprised of the following (in thousands):

 

  Years Ended January 31,   Years Ended January 31, 
        2007              2006        2008  2007  2006 

Sale of investment in SwissQual:

          

Cash proceeds

  $1,687  $6,774   $1,976  $1,687  $6,774 

Less: Cost basis

   —     (1,073)   —     —     (1,073)

Dividend declared (before withholding)

   —     420    —     —     420 
                 

Gain on sale of investment in SwissQual

  $1,687  $6,121    1,976   1,687   6,121 
          

Sale of intangible asset:

          

Cash proceeds

   —     550    —     —     550 

Less: Cost basis

   —     (233)   —     —     (233)
                 

Gain on sale of intangible asset

   —     317    —     —     317 
                 

Gain on sale of investment in SwissQual and intangible asset

  $1,687  $6,438   $1,976  $1,687  $6,438 
                 

Emergency Call Box Systems

 

  Years Ended January 31, 2007 over
2006
% Change
  2006 over
2005
% Change
   Years Ended January 31, 2008 over
2007
% Change
  2007 over
2006
% Change
 
  2007 2006 2005  2008 2007 2006 
  (In thousands)  (In thousands) 
     % of
Revenue
    % of
Revenue
    % of
Revenue
      % of Revenue    % of Revenue    % of Revenue 

Revenue:

                        

Products

  $11,327  72% $5,630  56% $1,896  29% 101% 197%  $6,957  63% $11,327  72% $5,630  56% (39)% 101%

Services

   4,397  28%  4,411  44%  4,699  71%   (6%)   4,152  37%  4,397  28%  4,411  44% (6)% —   
                                          
  $15,724  100% $10,041  100% $6,595  100% 57% 52%  $11,109  100% $15,724  100% $10,041  100% (29)% 57%
                                          

Operating income

  $1,936   $1,649   $590      $1,859   $1,936   $1,649    
               
  Years Ended January 31, 2007 over
2006
% Change
  2006 over
2005
% Change
 
  2007 2006 2005 
  (In thousands) 

Revenue:

            

Americas:

            

North America

  $15,724   $10,041   $6,595   57% 52%

Others

   —      —      —        

Europe

   —      —      —        

Asia—Pacific

   —      —      —        
               
  $15,724   $10,041   $6,595   57% 52%
               

   Years Ended January 31,  2008 over
2007
% Change
  2007 over
2006
% Change
 
  2008  2007  2006   
  (In thousands)       

Revenue:

         

Americas:

         

North America

  $11,109  $15,724  $10,041  (29)% 57%

Others

   —     —     —    —    —   

Europe

   —     —     —    —    —   

Asia – Pacific

   —     —     —    —    —   
               
  $11,109  $15,724  $10,041  (29)% 57%
               

Revenue

The fiscal 2008 decrease in revenue of $4.6 million, or 29 percent, is primarily due to a decrease in sales of digital and TTY upgrades as many of the awarded contracts for such upgrades were completed during fiscal 2007. In fiscal 2008 we upgraded approximately 2,900 call boxes with digital and/or TTY technologies and recorded revenue totaling $4.6 million. This decrease is offset by new sales to call box customers in the current year over the prior year.

We currently expect fiscal 2009 call box product revenue to be less than fiscal 2008 as we have completed the majority of upgrade contracts that we have been awarded.

The fiscal 2007 increase in call box product revenue of $5.7 million compared to fiscal 2006, was primarily attributable to an increase in sales of digital and TTY upgrades to our installed base of call box systemsboxes under maintenance contracts. As discussed above,previously, during fiscal 2007, we upgraded approximately 4,800 call boxes with digital and/or TTY technologies and recorded revenue totaling approximately $10.0 million. Such upgrade revenue also included revenue related to retrofit, site mitigation, and call box removal activities performed in conjunction with the upgrade of the call box systems.boxes. For fiscal 2006 we upgraded approximately 1,800 call boxes and recorded revenue totaling approximately $3.1 million, which also includes revenue related to retrofit, site mitigation activities, and call box removal activities. Non-upgrade product revenue for fiscal 2007 and 2006 totaled

approximately $1.3 million and $2.5 million, respectively. During fiscal 2006, we sold 218 new digital and TTY call boxes valued at approximately $1.2 million to a customer in Hawaii. WeHawaii; we do not maintain this call box system.

The fiscal 2006 increase in call box product revenue of $3.7 million compared to fiscal 2005, was primarily attributable to sales of digital and TTY upgrades to our installed base of call box systems under maintenance contracts. Upgrade activity during fiscal 2005 was minor.

Cost of Revenue and Gross Margin

 

  Years Ended January 31, 2007 over
2006
% Change
  2006 over
2005
% Change
   Years Ended January 31, 2008 over
2007
% Change
  2007 over
2006
% Change
 
  2007 2006 2005  2008 2007 2006 
  (In thousands)  (In thousands) 
     % of
Related
Revenue
    % of
Related
Revenue
    % of
Related
Revenue
      % of Related
Revenue
    % of Related
Revenue
    % of Related
Revenue
 

Cost of revenue:

                        

Products

  $8,145  72% $3,357  60% $1,027  54% 143% 227%  $3,724  54% $8,145  72% $3,357  60% (54)% 143%
                     

Services

   3,060  70%  3,090  70%  3,413  73% (1%) (9%)   2,849  69%  3,060  70%  3,090  70% (7)% (1)%

Amortization—software development

   22  —     22  1%  22  —    —    —   

Amortization – software development

   11  —     22  —     22  1% (50)% —   
                                          
   3,082  70%  3,112  71%  3,435  73% (1%) (9%)   2,860  69%  3,082  70%  3,112  71% (7)% (1)%
                                          
  $11,227  71% $6,469  64% $4,462  68% 74% 45%  $6,584  59% $11,227  71% $6,469  64% (41)% 74%
                              
  

Years Ended January 31,

 2007 over
2006 ppt
Change
  2006 over
2005 ppt
Change
 
  2007 2006 2005 
  (In thousands) 

Gross margin:

            

Products

    28%   40%   46% (12) (6)

Services

    30%   29%   27% 1  2 

Combined gross margin

    29%   36%   32% (7) 4 

   Years Ended January 31,  2008 over
2007 ppt
Change
  2007 over
2006 ppt
Change
 
  2008  2007  2006    
  (In thousands)       

Gross margin:

       

Products

  46% 28% 40% 18  (12)

Services

  31% 30% 29% 1  1 

Combined gross margin

  41% 29% 36% 12  (7)

The fiscal 2008 decrease in cost of revenue is consistent with the 29 percent volume decrease in revenue compared to fiscal 2007. Additionally, the allocation of fixed manufacturing overhead to the Call Box business decreased by approximately $0.9 million in fiscal 2008 compared to fiscal 2007, as the majority of fiscal 2008 fixed costs supported the ChargeSource® business.

The fiscal 2007 increase in cost of revenue was primarily attributable to a 101 percent volume increase in product revenue compared to fiscal 2006. Cost of product revenue for fiscal 2007 included approximately $0.6 million of incremental subcontractor costs compared to fiscal 2006. Due to the significant increase in upgrade activities during fiscal 2007, we utilized third parties to perform certain upgrade installation, site mitigation, and retrofit work to a much greater extent compared tothan in fiscal 2006. Also driven by the significant increase in upgrade activity during fiscal 2007, we incurred approximately $0.8 million of incremental allocated fixed manufacturing costs compared to fiscal 2006. During fiscal 2007, more of our manufacturing resources were utilized to meet the increased demand for call box upgrades which increased the allocation of such costs to call box cost of product revenue. As a result, cost of product revenue as a percentage of product revenue for fiscal 2007 increased to 72 percent from 60 percent for fiscal 2006. Excluding the incremental subcontractor costs and allocated fixed manufacturing costs discussed above, cost of product revenue as a percentage of product revenue for fiscal 2007 was 60 percent and consistent with fiscal 2006.

The fiscal 2006 increase in cost of revenue was primarily attributable to a 197 percent volume increase in product revenue compared to fiscal 2005. Cost of product revenue for fiscal 2006 included a $0.3 million inventory charge to write down excess and obsolete inventory to market value based on current and future market demand. There was no such charge incurred during fiscal 2005. As a result, cost of product revenue as a percentage of product revenue for fiscal 2006 increased to 60 percent from 54 percent for fiscal 2005. Excluding the fiscal 2006 inventory charge, cost of product revenue as a percentage of product revenue for fiscal 2006 was

54 percent and consistent with fiscal 2005. As a percentage of service revenue, cost of service revenue in fiscal 2006 decreased to 70 percent from 73 percent for fiscal 2005. While service revenue for fiscal 2006 decreased by approximately $0.3 million compared to fiscal 2005, material usage in support of service revenue decreased by approximately the same amount. This decrease in fiscal 2006 was due to several factors including a reduced number of damaged call boxes repaired under flat rate maintenance contracts.

Operating Costs and Expenses

 

 Years Ended January 31, 2007 over
2006
% Change
  2006 over
2005
% Change
   Years Ended January 31, 2008 over
2007
% Change
  2007 over
2006
% Change
 
 2007 2006 2005  2008 2007 2006 
 (In thousands)  (In thousands) 
   % of
Revenue
   % of
Revenue
   % of
Revenue
      % of Revenue    % of Revenue    % of Revenue 

Operating expenses:

                    

Selling, general, and administrative expenses, excluding corporate overhead

 $504 3% $339 3% $335 5% 49% 1%  $428  4% $504  3% $339  3% (15)% 49%

Allocated corporate overhead

  1,482 9%  906 9%  587 9% 64% 54%   1,210  11%  1,482  9%  906  9% (18)% 64%

Goodwill impairment charge

   496  4%  —    —     —    —    —    —   

Gross engineering and support expenses

  575 4%  678 7%  621 9% (15%) 9%   532  5%  575  4%  678  7% (7)% (15)%
                                      
 $2,561 16% $1,923 19% $1,543 23% 33% 25%  $2,666  24% $2,561  16% $1,923  19% 4% 33%
                                      

Selling, general, and administrative expenses generally consist of salaries, employer paid benefits, commissions and other personnel related costs of our management, inside sales, and administrative personnel, facility and IT costs, professional fees, advertising, promotions, printed media, and travel directly attributable to our call boxCall Box business.

The fiscal 2008 decrease in selling, general, and administrative expenses of $0.1 million compared to fiscal 2007 relates to reduced travel and reduced bad debt expense relating to uncollectible accounts receivable.

The fiscal 2007 increase in selling, general, and administrative expenses of $0.2 million compared to fiscal 2006 was primarily related to increased personnel costs. As a percentage of revenue, selling, general, and administrative expenses remained flat at 3 percent of revenue compared to fiscal 2006.

See the section above entitled “Consolidated” under the caption “Operating Costs and Expenses” under the “Consolidated” section earlier in this document for a discussion of allocated corporate overhead.

The fiscal 2008 goodwill impairment charge relates to the impairment of Call Box goodwill in the amount of $0.5 million. We perform the annual assessment of impairment for goodwill during the fourth quarter each year. During the current year assessment it was determined that the future cash flows anticipated to be generated by the business are insufficient to cover the current carrying value of assets. The entire balance of goodwill related to the fiscal 1997 GTE call box acquisition and the fiscal 1998 Cubic acquisition were written-off.

Gross engineering and support expenses generally consist of salaries, employer paid benefits, and other personnel related costs of our hardware and software design engineers and testing and product support personnel, as well as facility and IT costs, professional and consulting fees, lab costs, material usages, and travel and related costs incurred in the development and support of our call boxCall Box business.

The fiscal 2007 decrease in engineering and support expenses of $0.1 million compared to fiscal 2006, was due to decreased product development activity during fiscal 2007 and reduced consumption of development material. The redesign of our TTY upgrade device was substantially completed during fiscal 2006.

Business Outlook

Fiscal 2008 is expectedWe expect revenues on an overall basis to be a year of transition. We currently expect to continue to transitionincrease during fiscal 2009.

As previously discussed, late in the retail distribution of our ChargeSource products to multiple distribution partners under non-exclusive distribution agreements. Shipments to Kensington under a recently executed non-exclusive distribution agreement are expected to commence during the second halffourth quarter of fiscal 2008. Additionally, fiscal 2008 revenue from sales to Kensington are expected to be significantly less than achieved during fiscal 2007.

We are currently developing two ChargeSource products specifically for a leading OEM of notebook computers to be branded and marketed by the OEM in conjunction with the sale of notebook computers. If

successful, we expect to go intobegan shipping volume production during the second half of fiscal 2008. Our ChargeSource business is also responding to interest from the leading OEMs fora small form factor 90-watt AC/DC external power adaptersadapter to be sold “in-the-box” withLenovo, a leading notebook computers. It is difficult to predict the timing and amount of any revenue attributable to this “in-the-box” initiative. However, we are in negotiations with tier-one electronics contract manufactures to enable us to execute on these highly price-competitive high volume opportunities.computer OEM.

During fiscal 2007,2008, demand for our WTS products decreased compared to the prior fiscal year due to widespread industry consolidation, delays in purchasing decisions by customers, primarily wireless carriers, and increased competition and price pressure. It is difficult to predict when these negative trends will abate or improve. While it may take several quartersOur first order for market demand to recover, we continue to develop theSymphony Multi, our next-generation 3G and 4G wireless network optimization and QoS systemssystem developed through our alliance with Ascom, AG, a leading Swiss company with the largest installed base of wireless QoS systems in the world. These new products areworld, was received late in the fourth quarter. This order from AT&T, valued at $10.1 million, is expected to be available for saledelivered during the secondfirst half of fiscal 2008.2009. We currently expect WTS revenuebelieve our partnership with Ascom may open sales channels in Europe for fiscal 2008 to be less than WTS revenue for fiscal 2007.our harmonized technology, including our integrated scanners.

During fiscal 2008,2009, our call boxCall Box business is expected to substantially complete the digital and TTY upgrade contracts awarded in the prior fiscal years. As a significant portion of the installed base was upgraded during fiscal 2008 and 2007, we expect call box revenue for fiscal 20082009 to decrease compared to fiscal 2007. During fiscal 2007, the amount and timing of call upgrade revenue was impacted by customer delays. Upgrade contracts expected to be completed during fiscal 2008 could also be subject to customer delays.2008.

Discontinued Operations

On January 6, 2004, we sold the net assets of our reporting unit EDX. This reporting unit was formerly included in the wireless test solutions segment, and has been classified as discontinued operations.

Income from discontinued operations was $596,000 for fiscal 2004, which includes income from operations of $258,000 on revenue of $1.1 million, plus an after-tax gain of $319,000 on the sale of EDX.

Additionally, during fiscal 2001, we sold our defense and commercial staffing businesses, the non-wireless businesses.

In fiscal 2005, we recorded income of $325,000 related primarily Adjustments made to the release of indemnification provisions provided by the terms of oneestimated exit costs of these sale transactions.businesses are recorded as discontinued operations.

In fiscal 2006, we recorded expense of $45,000, primarily related to workers compensation expenses related to the staffing business. As of January 31, 2006, all estimated exit costs of the sale of both EDX and the non-wireless businesses have been utilized.

Liquidity and Capital Resources

The following table is a summary of our Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows:

 

  Years Ended January 31,   Years Ended January 31,
  2007 2006  2005  2008 2007 2006
  (In thousands)  (In thousands)

Cash provided by (used in):

         

Operating activities

  $2,986  $7,257  $(1,814)  $(3,404) $2,986  $7,257

Investing activities

   (2,107)  6,487   (1,333)   1,728   (2,107)  6,487

Financing activities

   (536)  3   370    (7,673)  (536)  3

Operating Activities

The cash used in operating activities during fiscal 2008 of $3.4 million relates to our net loss before the gain on sale of SwissQual of $12.0 million, offset by non-cash depreciation and amortization of $2.1 million and a goodwill impairment charge of $0.5 million, as well as collection of accounts receivable in the current year of $6.2 million. The remaining change in operating activities nets to a cash usage of $0.2 million.

Cash provided by operating activities of $3.0 million in fiscal 2007 related to net income of $1.8$0.1 million before the gain on sale of SwissQual of $1.7 million as well as non-cash charges for depreciation and amortization, FAS No. 123R compensation expense, and inventory

reserves of $3.1 million, $0.6 million, and $0.6 million, respectively, and a decrease in inventory of $2.6 million offset by the current year gain on sale of SwissQual of $1.7 million, a decrease in accrued liabilities of $3.1 million, and an increase in accounts receivable of $1.2 million. The decrease in accrued liabilities relates primarily to the payout of fiscal 2006 accrued bonuses of $1.2 million and a reduction in accrued uninvoiced receipts for inventory purchases.

Cash provided by operating activities of $7.3 million in fiscal 2006 was driven by net income of $6.3 million, non-cash charges totaling $3.8 million and $1.7 million for depreciation and amortization and provisions for obsolete inventory, respectively, offset by gains totaling $6.4 million related to the sales of our investment in SwissQual and software rights. Also, a net change in operating assets and liabilities resulted in a $2.0 million increase in cash. Within the net change in operating assets and liabilities, increased sales resulted in an increase in accounts receivable and inventory, decreasing cash by $5.2 million, which was offset by a $1.7 million increase in deferred revenue and a $4.3 million increase in accrued liabilities.

Previously, we included cash flows from discontinued operations as a single amount in our consolidated statement of cash flows. In fiscal 2006, we separately disclosed the components of cash flows of discontinued operations, reconciled operating cash flows from net income rather than income from continuing operations, and restated our statements of cash flows for fiscal 2005 to conform to the current presentation.

Cash Flows from Investing Activities

During fiscal 2008 we received $2.0 million in contingent sales consideration and escrow proceeds relating to the fiscal 2006 sale of SwissQual. Additionally, we spent $0.9 million in capital equipment purchases, primarily tooling and other equipment, used by our contract manufacturers for the manufacture of our ChargeSource® products. Additionally, we received $0.4 million relating primarily to the sale of WTS equipment that had been previously leased.

We purchased $3.2 million of property and equipment in fiscal 2007 compared to $0.8 million of property and equipment in fiscal 2006 and $1.3 million in fiscal 2005.2006. The increase in current yearfiscal 2007 capital expenditures of $2.4 million relates primarily to tenant improvements of $1.4 million made relating to our corporate relocation as well as equipment built for a revenue sharing contract with one of our WTS customers. The decrease in fiscal 2006 is primarily due to transitioning manufacturing of our ChargeSource products from in-house to a contract manufacturer located in China. Accordingly, we no longer have requirements to acquire, upgrade, and maintain ChargeSource production equipment. Additionally, we have outsourced the design of non-critical components to our supply chain located in Asia, which has reduced our on-going investment in tooling.

During the first half of fiscal 2004, we completed the software development of our Seven.Five product platform, which is compatible with all 2G, 2.5G, and 3G wireless technologies. During fiscal 2005 and subsequent to the completion of the development program, we transitioned into a maintenance mode. Accordingly, we capitalized no software development costs in fiscal 2007, 2006, and 2005. In fiscal 2004, we capitalized software development costs totaling $2.8 million. Currently, we do not expect to capitalize any software development in fiscal 2008 as our Seven.Five product platform is a modular solution that can be upgraded for new wireless technologies and configured for all wireless carriers irrespective of the wireless technologies deployed. In conjunction with the development and maintenance of Seven.Five, we expended $0.1 million, $0.3 million, and $0.1 million in fiscal 2007, 2006, and 2005, respectively, on rights to various wireless technologies.

During January 2006, we sold our 18 percent interest in SwissQual to Spirent. See the “Wireless Test Solutions” section of Item 7, “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations.”

Prior to the acquisition by Spirent, SwissQual declared and paid a dividend to its then current shareholders. During January 2006, we recorded the approximately $0.4 million dividend declared as a reduction in the cost basis of our investment in SwissQual. As of January 31, 2006, we received approximately $0.3 million, net of $0.1 million withheld by Swiss tax authorities which was recaptured in the first quarter of fiscal 2008. Additionally, during December 2005, we sold rights to software to SwissQual for approximately $0.5 million. At the time of the sale, such software rights had an unamortized book value of approximately $0.2 million. Accordingly, we recorded a gain on sale of intangible assets totaling approximately $0.3 million.

Cash Flows from Financing Activities

During 1992, our Board of Directors authorized a stock repurchase program of up to 3.0 million shares of our common stock. From program inception through January 31, 2007,2008, we repurchased approximately 2.62.7 million shares for an average price of $8.24$8.20 per share.

During the first quarter of fiscal 2008, we declared and paid a special dividend of $1 per share of our outstanding common stock for a total payment of $7.4 million. During fiscal 2007 and 2006, no dividends were declared or paid.

During fiscal 2008, we repurchased approximately 58,000 shares in the open market for a total cost of $0.4 million, or an average price of $6.70 per share. During fiscal 2007, we repurchased approximately 58,000 shares in the open market for a total cost of approximately $0.5 million, or an average price of $9.17 per share. During fiscal 2006 we had no stock repurchases.

We have a letter of credit from U.S. Bank in the amount of $250,000 secured by a certificate of deposit with a six-month maturity, which is reflected as restricted cash on the consolidated balance sheet.

repurchases. Net cash provided by financing activities was $0.4 million in fiscal 2005. In fiscal 2005 proceeds from the sales of common stock issued through employee and director stock option plans constituted all of our cash flows from financing activities.

Subsequent to January 31, 2007 we declared a special dividend of $1.00 per share to shareholders of record on April 5, 2007, paid on April 23, 2007. The amount paid was approximately $7.4 million.

We believe that our existing cash and cash equivalent balances will provide us sufficient funds to satisfy our cash requirements for at least the next 12 months. In addition to our cash and cash equivalent balances, we expect to derive a portion of our liquidity from our cash flows from operations. As discussed above, certain factors and events could negatively affect our cash flows from operations, including:

 

In conjunction with our alliance with Ascom, we are currently developing harmonized test and measurement systems. In the event we experience delays in development and deployment of new products we may experience a significant reduction in revenue, operating results and cash flows.

Due to the uncertainties associated with the spending patterns of our customers and the corresponding demand for our WTS products, we have experienced and expect to continue to experience significant fluctuations in demand. Such fluctuations have caused and may continue to cause significant reductions in revenue, operating results, and cash flows.

 

In the event Kensington or any other distributors of our ChargeSource products, are unable to perform under their non-cancelable commitments due to their inability to take delivery of the products and/or pay for such products in a timely manner, we would be required to establish alternative distribution channels. Such significant change would negatively impact our revenue, operating results, and cash flows.

In the event Kensington or any other customers of our ChargeSource® business are unable to perform due to their inability to take delivery of the ordered products and/or pay for such products in a timely manner, we would be required to establish alternative distribution channels. Such significant change would negatively impact our revenue, operating results, and cash flows.

 

Should the contract manufacturer of our ChargeSource products become unable to manufacture our ChargeSource products at the level currently anticipated, our operating results and cash flows would be negatively impacted.

Should the contract manufacturer of our ChargeSource® products become unable to manufacture our ChargeSource® products at the level currently anticipated, our operating results and cash flows would be negatively impacted.

We are focused on preserving our cash balances by continuously monitoring expenses, identifying cost savings, and investing only in those development programs and products most likely to contribute to our profitability.

Contractual Obligations

In the course of our business operations, we incur certain commitments to make future payments under contracts such as operating leases and purchase orders. Payments under these contracts are summarized as follows as of January 31, 20072008 (in thousands):

 

   Payments due by Period
   Less than
1 year
  1 to 3
years
  3 to 5
years
  Total

Operating lease obligations

  $466  $799  $ 600  $1,865

Purchase obligations

   532   —     —     532
                
  $998  $799  $600  $2,397
                

Recent Accounting Pronouncements

   Payments due by Period
  Less than
1 year
  1 to 3
years
  3 to 5
years
  More than
5 years
  Total

Operating lease obligations

  $491  $816  $221  $—    $1,528

Purchase obligations

   5,281   —     —     —     5,281
                    
  $5,772  $816  $221  $—    $6,809
                    

In February 2006,addition to the amounts shown in the table above, we have unrecognized tax benefits in the amount of $0.6 million relating to the adoption of Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) issued SFAS No. 155, “Accounting for Certain Hybrid Instruments,” which amends SFAS No. 133 and SFAS No. 140, “Accounting for Transfers and Servicing of Financial Assets and Extinguishments of Liabilities.” SFAS No. 155 allows financial instruments that have embedded derivatives to be accounted for as a whole (eliminating the need to bifurcate the

derivative from its host) if the holder elects to account for the whole instrument on a fair value basis. SFAS No. 155 also clarifies and amends certain other provisions of SFAS No. 133 and SFAS No. 140. This statement is effective for all financial instruments acquired or issued in fiscal years beginning after September 15, 2006. We will adopt this pronouncement beginning in fiscal year 2008 and such adoption is not expected to have a significant impact on our consolidated financial position or results of operations.

In July 2006, the FASB issued Interpretation (“FIN”) No. 48 “Accounting for Uncertainty in Income Taxes” (“FIN 48”). FIN 48 requires the useTaxes—An Interpretation of a two-step approach for recognizing and measuring tax benefits takenFASB Statement No. 109” which we are uncertain as to if or expected to be taken in a tax return and disclosures regarding uncertainties in income tax positions. We are required to adopt FIN 48 effective February 1, 2007. The cumulative effect of initially adopting FIN 48 is to record an adjustment to opening retained earnings in the year of adoption and should be presented separately. Only tax positions that meet the more likely than not recognition threshold at the effective datewhen such amounts may be recognized upon adoption of FIN 48. We are in the process of evaluating the impact of the adoption of the Interpretation on our consolidated financial statements.settled.

Recent Accounting Pronouncements

In September 2006, the FASB issued SFAS No. 157, “Fair Value Measurements” (“SFAS 157”). This new standard establishes a framework for measuring the fair value of assets and liabilities. This framework is intended to provide increased consistency in how fair value determinations are made under various existing accounting standards that permit, or in some cases require, estimates of fair market value. Statement No.SFAS 157 also expands financial statement disclosure requirements about a company’s use of fair value measurements, including the effect of such measures on earnings. This statement is effective for fiscal years beginning after November 15, 2007. While we are currently evaluating2007, which for us is fiscal 2009. In February 2008, the provisions of Statement No. 157, the adoption is not expected to have a material impact on our consolidated financial statements.

In September 2006, the SEC staffFASB issued Staff Accounting Bulletin (SAB) 108, “ConsideringPosition 157-1 (which includes leases under SFAS 13) and Staff Position 157-2, which delayed the Effects of Prior Year Misstatements when Quantifying Misstatements in Current Year Financial Statements.” SAB 108 requires that public companies utilize a “dual-approach”effective date for non-financial assets and liabilities, except those items recognized on an annual or more frequent basis to assess the quantitative effects of financial misstatements. This dual approach includes both an income statement focused assessment and a balance sheet focused assessment. The guidance in SAB 108 must be applied to annual financial statements for fiscal years endingbeginning after November 15, 2006. The2008. We do not expect the adoption of SAB 108 did notSFAS 157 to have a material impact on our consolidated financial statements.

In February 2007, the FASB issued SFAS No. 159, “The Fair Value Option for Financial Assets and Financial Liabilities—Liabilities – Including an Amendment of FASB Statement No. 115.”115” (“SFAS 159”). This standard amends SFAS No. 115, “Accounting for Certain Investment in Debt and Equity Securities,” with respect to accounting for a transfer to the trading category for all entities with available-for-sale and trading securities electing the fair value option. This standard allows companies to elect fair value accounting for many financial instruments and other items that currently are not required to be accounted as such, allows different applications for electing the option for a

single item or groups of items, and requires disclosures to facilitate comparisons of similar assets and liabilities that are accounted for differently in relation to the fair value option. SFAS 159 is effective for fiscal years beginning after November 15, 2007, which for us is fiscal 2009. We do not expect SFAS 159 to have a material impact on our consolidated financial position and results of operations.

In December 2007, the FASB issued SFAS No. 141 (revised 2007), “Business Combinations” (“SFAS 141R”). SFAS 141R establishes principles and requirements for how an acquirer in a business combination: (i) recognizes and measures the identifiable assets acquired, the liabilities assumed, and any noncontrolling interest in the acquiree; (ii) recognizes and measures the goodwill acquired in a business combination or gain from a bargain purchase; and (iii) determines what information to disclose to enable financial statement users to evaluate the nature and financial effects of the business combination. SFAS 141R is applicable prospectively to business combinations for which the acquisition date is on or after the beginning of the first annual reporting period beginning on or after December 15, 2008. After its effective date, SFAS 141R would have an impact on the accounting for any business we may acquire in the future.

In December 2007, the FASB issued SFAS No. 160, “Noncontrolling Interests in Consolidated Financial Statements” (“SFAS 160”). This standard establishes accounting and reporting standards for the noncontrolling interest in a subsidiary and for the deconsolidation of a subsidiary. SFAS 160 is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2008. Early adoption of SFAS 160 is prohibited. After its effective date, SFAS 160 would have an impact on the presentation and disclosure of the non-controlling interests of any non-wholly-owned businesses we may acquire in the future.

ITEM 7A.QUANTITATIVE AND QUALITATIVE DISCLOSURES ABOUT MARKET RISK

Currency Risk

We are exposed to the risk of changes in currency exchange rates. As of January 31, 2007,2008, we had no material accounts receivable denominated in foreign currencies. Our standard terms require customers to pay for our products and services in U.S. dollars. For those orders denominated in foreign currencies, we may limit our exposure to losses from foreign currency transactions through forward foreign exchange contracts. To date, sales denominated in foreign currencies have not been significant and we have not entered into any foreign exchange contracts.

Interest Rate Sensitivity

The primary objective of our investment activities is to preserve principal while at the same time maximizing the income we receive from our investments without significantly increasing risk. Some of the securities that we have invested in may be subject to market risk. This means that a change in prevailing interest rates may cause the principal amount of the investment to fluctuate. For example, if we hold a security that was issued with a fixed interest rate at the then-prevailing rate and the prevailing interest rate later rises, the principal amount of our investment will probably decline in value. To minimize this risk, we maintain a significant portion of our cash balances in money market funds. In general, money market funds are not subject to interest rate risk because the interest paid on such funds fluctuates with the prevailing interest rate.

We do not hold any derivative financial instruments.

Our cash and cash equivalents have maturities dates of three months or less and the fair value approximates the carrying value in our consolidated financial statements.

Equity Price Risk

Our short-term investments consist of balances maintained in a non-qualified deferred compensation plan funded by our executives and directors. We value these investments using the closing market value for the last day of each month. These investments are subject to market price volatility. We reflect these investments on our balance sheet at their market value, with the unrealized gains and losses reflected as adjustments to both short-term investments and the deferred compensation liability.

Due to the inherent risk associated with some of our investments, and in light of current stock market conditions, we may incur future losses on the sales,sale, write-downs, or write-offs of our investments. We do not currently hedge against equity price changes.

ITEM 8.    FINANCIAL STATEMENTS AND SUPPLEMENTARY DATA

ITEM 8.FINANCIAL STATEMENTS AND SUPPLEMENTARY DATA

COMARCO, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

INDEX TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

 

   Page

Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm

  4541

Financial Statements:

  

Consolidated Balance Sheets, January 31, 20072008 and 20062007

  4642

Consolidated Statements of Operations, Years Ended January 31, 2008, 2007, 2006, and 20052006

  4743

Consolidated Statements of Stockholders’ Equity, Years Ended January 31, 2008, 2007, 2006, and 20052006

  4844

Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows, Years Ended January 31, 2008, 2007, 2006, and 20052006

  4945

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements

  5046

Schedule II—II — Valuation and Qualifying Accounts, Years Ended January 31, 2008, 2007, 2006, and 20052006

  7976

All other schedules are omitted because the required information is not present in amounts sufficient to require submission of the schedule or because the information required is included in the consolidated financial statements or the notes thereto.

REPORT OF INDEPENDENT REGISTERED PUBLIC ACCOUNTING FIRMReport of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm

Board of Directors and Stockholders

Comarco, Inc.

Lake Forest, California:

We have audited the accompanying consolidated balance sheets of Comarco, Inc. as of January 31, 20072008 and January 31, 2006,2007, and the related consolidated statements of operations, stockholders’ equity, and cash flows for each of the years in the three-year period ended January 31, 2007.2008. We have also audited the information in the schedule listed in the accompanying index. These consolidated financial statements and schedule are the responsibility of the Company’s management. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on these consolidated financial statements and schedule based on our audits.

We conducted our audits in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States). Those standards require that we plan and perform the audits to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the consolidated financial statements and schedule are free of material misstatement. The Company is not required to have, nor were we engaged to perform, an audit of its internal control over financial reporting. Our audits include consideration of internal control over financial reporting as a basis for designing audit procedures that are appropriate in the circumstances, but not for the purpose of expressing an opinion on the effectiveness of the Company’s internal control over financial reporting. Accordingly, we express no such opinion. An audit also includes examining, on a test basis, evidence supporting the amounts and disclosures in the consolidated financial statements and schedule, assessing the accounting principles used and significant estimates made by management, as well as evaluating the overall presentation of the consolidated financial statements and schedule. We believe that our audits provide a reasonable basis for our opinion.

In our opinion, the consolidated financial statements referred to above present fairly, in all material respects, the consolidated financial position of Comarco, Inc. at January 31, 20072008 and 2006,2007, and the consolidated results of its operations and its cash flows for each of the years in the three-year period ended January 31, 2007,2008, in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America.

As discussed in Note 2, the Company adopted, effective February 1, 2006, Statement of Financial Accounting Standard No. 123R, “Share-Based Payment.” As discussed in Note 4, the Company adopted, effective February 1, 2007, Statement of Financial Accounting Standards Board Interpretation No. 48, “Accounting for Uncertainty in Income Taxes.”

Also, in our opinion, the information in the schedule presents fairly, in all material respects, the information set forth therein.

/s/ BDO Seidman, LLP

Costa Mesa, California

April 23, 200729, 2008

COMARCO, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS

(In thousands, except share data)

 

  January 31,  January 31,
  2007  2006  2008  2007
ASSETS        

Current Assets:

        

Cash and cash equivalents

  $26,360  $26,017  $17,011  $26,360

Short-term investments

   897   1,166   336   897

Accounts receivable, net of reserves of $111 and $78

   10,942   9,285

Accounts receivable subject to litigation, net of reserves of $0 and $480

   —     500

Inventory, net of reserves of $600 and $1,910

   5,452   8,749

Accounts receivable, net of reserves of $43 and $111

   4,728   10,942

Inventory, net of reserves of $954 and $600

   4,466   5,452

Other current assets

   427   423   734   427
            

Total current assets

   44,078   46,140   27,275   44,078

Property and equipment, net

   3,331   1,595   2,586   3,331

Software development costs, net

   243   1,361   —     243

Acquired intangible assets, net

   820   1,257   525   820

Goodwill

   2,394   2,394   1,898   2,394

Restricted cash

   500   —     250   500

Other assets

   47   58   47   47
            

Total assets

  $51,413  $52,805  $32,581  $51,413
            
LIABILITIES AND STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY        

Current Liabilities:

        

Accounts payable

  $718  $727  $1,290  $718

Deferred revenue

   2,586   3,676   2,221   2,586

Deferred compensation

   897   1,166   336   897

Accrued liabilities

   6,259   9,324   5,705   6,259
            

Total current liabilities

   10,460   14,893   9,552   10,460

Deferred income taxes

   59   —     —     59

Tax liability: FIN 48

   86   —  

Deferred rent

   767   —     573   767

Deferred revenue

   2,138   1,804

Deferred revenue, net of current portion

   1,555   2,138
            

Total liabilities

   13,424   16,697   11,766   13,424
            

Commitments and Contingencies and Subsequent Event

        

Stockholders’ Equity:

        

Preferred stock, no par value, 10,000,000 shares authorized; no shares issued or outstanding at January 31, 2007 and 2006, respectively

   —     —  

Common stock, $0.10 par value, 50,625,000 shares authorized; 7,371,637 and 7,422,542 shares issued and outstanding at January 31, 2007 and 2006, respectively

   737   742

Preferred stock, no par value, 10,000,000 shares authorized; no shares issued or outstanding at January 31, 2008 and 2007, respectively

   —     —  

Common stock, $0.10 par value, 50,625,000 shares authorized; 7,326,671 and 7,371,637 shares issued and outstanding at January 31, 2008 and 2007, respectively

   733   737

Additional paid-in capital

   14,163   14,054   14,434   14,163

Retained earnings

   23,089   21,312   5,648   23,089
            

Total stockholders’ equity

   37,989   36,108   20,815   37,989
            

Total liabilities and stockholders’ equity

  $51,413  $52,805  $32,581  $51,413
            

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.

COMARCO, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS

(In thousands, except per share data)

 

  Years Ended January 31,   Years Ended January 31, 
  2007 2006 2005   2008 2007 2006 

Revenue:

        

Products

  $42,725  $42,260  $24,159   $18,353  $42,725  $42,260 

Services

   5,051   4,618   5,064    4,847   5,051   4,618 
                    
   47,776   46,878   29,223    23,200   47,776   46,878 
                    

Cost of revenue:

        

Products

   26,262   26,727   17,445    14,083   26,262   26,727 

Services

   3,352   3,185   3,463    3,291   3,352   3,185 
                    
   29,614   29,912   20,908    17,374   29,614   29,912 
                    

Gross profit

   18,162   16,966   8,315    5,826   18,162   16,966 

Selling, general, and administrative expenses

   10,674   9,490   9,001    10,244   10,674   9,490 

Goodwill impairment charge

   496   —     —   

Engineering and support expenses

   7,989   7,682   7,521    8,799   7,989   7,682 
                    

Operating loss

   (501)  (206)  (8,207)   (13,713)  (501)  (206)

Other income, net

   941   345   180    842   941   345 

Gain on sale of equipment, net

   321   —     —   

Gain on sale of investment in SwissQual and intangible asset

   1,687   6,438   —      1,976   1,687   6,438 

Minority interest in loss of subsidiary

   —     —     72 
                    

Income (loss) from continuing operations before income taxes and discontinued operations

   2,127   6,577   (7,955)   (10,574)  2,127   6,577 

Income tax expense

   350   201   2,426 

Income tax expense (benefit)

   (590)  350   201 
                    

Income (loss) from continuing operations

   1,777   6,376   (10,381)   (9,984)  1,777   6,376 

Income (loss) from discontinued operations, net of income tax expense of $0, $0, and $0

   —     (45)  325 

Loss from discontinued operations

   —     —     (45)
                    

Net income (loss)

  $1,777  $6,331  $(10,056)  $(9,984) $1,777  $6,331 
                    

Basic and diluted income (loss) per share:

        

Income (loss) from continuing operations

  $0.24  $0.86  $(1.41)  $(1.36) $0.24  $0.86 

Discontinued operations

   —     (0.01)  0.04    —     —     (0.01)
                    

Net income (loss)

  $0.24  $0.85  $(1.37)  $(1.36) $0.24  $0.85 
                    

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.

COMARCO, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY

(In thousands, except share data)

 

  Common
Stock Par
Value
 Additional
Paid-in
Capital
 Retained
Earnings
 Total 

Balance at January 31, 2004, 7,284,374 shares

  $728  $13,126  $25,037  $38,891 

Net loss

   —     —     (10,056)  (10,056)

Exercise of stock options, 45,000 shares

   5   236   —     241 

Minority interest resulting from exercise of subsidiary options

   —     (6)  —     (6)

Issuance of common stock to acquire subsidiary minority interest, 92,668 shares

   9   695   —     704 
               Common
Stock
 Additional
Paid-in
Capital
 Retained
Earnings
 Total 

Balance at January 31, 2005, 7,422,042 shares

   742   14,051   14,981   29,774   $742  $14,051  $14,981  $29,774 

Net income

   —     —     6,331   6,331    —     —     6,331   6,331 

Exercise of stock options, 500 shares

   —     3   —     3    —     3   —     3 
                          

Balance at January 31, 2006, 7,422,542 shares

   742   14,054   21,312   36,108    742   14,054   21,312   36,108 

Net income

   —     —     1,777   1,777    —     —     1,777   1,777 

Exercise of stock options, 7,525 net shares

   1   (1)  —     —   

Exercise of stock options, 7,525 net shares (represents net exercises of 45,000 options)

   1   (1)  —     —   

Purchase and retirement of common stock, 58,430 shares

   (6)  (530)  —     (536)   (6)  (530)  —     (536)

Tax benefit from exercise of stock options

   —     85   —     85    —     85   —     85 

Stock based compensation expense

   —     555   —     555    —     555   —     555 
                          

Balance at January 31, 2007, 7,371,637 shares

  $737  $14,163  $23,089  $37,989    737   14,163   23,089   37,989 

Net loss

   —     —     (9,984)  (9,984)

Exercise of stock options, 12,671 shares (2,671 represent net exercises of 16,125 options)

   1   83   —     84 

Special cash dividend, $1 per share of common stock outstanding

  ��—     —     (7,371)  (7,371)

Purchase and retirement of common stock, 57,637 shares

   (5)  (381)  —     (386)

Stock based compensation expense

   —     569   —     569 

Cumulative effect of accounting change: adoption of FIN 48

   —     —     (86)  (86)
                          

Balance at January 31, 2008, 7,326,671 shares

  $733  $14,434  $5,648  $20,815 
             

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.

COMARCO, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS

(In thousands)

 

  Years Ended January 31, 
  2007 2006 2005   Years Ended January 31, 
      (See Note 5)   2008 2007 2006 

CASH FLOWS FROM OPERATING ACTIVITIES:

        

Net income (loss)

  $1,777  $6,331  $(10,056)  $(9,984) $1,777  $6,331 

Adjustments to reconcile net income (loss) to net cash provided by (used in) operating activities:

        

Depreciation and amortization

   3,148   3,828   4,525    2,094   3,148   3,827 

Goodwill impairment charge

   496   —     —   

Gain on sale of investment in SwissQual

   (1,687)  (6,122)  —      (1,976)  (1,687)  (6,121)

Stock based compensation expense

   555   —     —      569   555   —   

Gain on sale of software development

   —     (317)  —      —     —     (317)

Loss (gain) on disposal of property and equipment

   (35)  28   152 

Loss (gain) on disposal of property and equipment, net

   (313)  (35)  28 

Tax benefit from exercise of stock options

   85   —     —      —     85   —   

Deferred income taxes

   59   —     2,876    (59)  59   —   

Provision (benefit) for doubtful accounts receivable

   91   (273)  267    (4)  91   (273)

Provision for obsolete inventory

   647   1,748   960    107   647   1,748 

Minority interest in earnings of subsidiary

   —     —     (72)

Changes in operating assets and liabilities:

        

Accounts receivable

   (1,248)  (3,136)  3,439    6,218   (1,248)  (3,136)

Amounts due from affiliate

   —     —     1,527 

Inventory

   2,649   (2,048)  (3,258)   879   2,649   (2,048)

Other assets

   8   541   (216)   (307)  8   541 

Accounts payable

   (9)  626   (436)   572   (9)  626 

Deferred revenue

   (756)  1,733   (1,729)   (948)  (756)  1,733 

Accrued liabilities

   (554)  (3,065)  4,318 

Deferred rent

   767   —     —      (194)  767   —   

Accrued liabilities

   (3,065)  4,318   207 
                    

Net cash provided by (used in) operating activities

   2,986   7,257   (1,814)   (3,404)  2,986   7,257 
          
          

CASH FLOWS FROM INVESTING ACTIVITIES:

        

Purchases of property and equipment

   (3,245)  (832)  (1,288)   (877)  (3,245)  (832)

Proceeds from sales of property and equipment

   36   5   57    379   36   5 

Proceeds from sale of investment in SwissQual

   1,687   6,774   —      1,976   1,687   6,774 

Proceeds from SwissQual dividend, net

   —     273   —      —     —     273 

Proceeds from sale of capitalized software

   —     550   —      —     —     550 

Acquired intangible assets

   (85)  (283)  (102)   —     (85)  (283)

Increase in restricted cash

   (500)  —     —   

Decrease (increase) in restricted cash

   250   (500)  —   
                    

Net cash provided by (used in) investing activities

   (2,107)  6,487   (1,333)   1,728   (2,107)  6,487 
                    

CASH FLOWS FROM FINANCING ACTIVITIES:

        

Net proceeds from issuance of common stock

   —     3   241    84   —     3 

Proceeds from issuance of subsidiary common stock

   —     —     129 

Cash dividends paid

   (7,371)  —     —   

Purchase and retirement of common stock

   (536)  —     —      (386)  (536)  —   
                    

Net cash provided by (used in) financing activities

   (536)  3   370    (7,673)  (536)  3 
                    

Net increase (decrease) in cash and cash equivalents

   343   13,747   (2,777)   (9,349)  343   13,747 

Cash and cash equivalents, beginning of period

   26,017   12,270   15,047    26,360   26,017   12,270 
                    

Cash and cash equivalents, end of period

  $26,360  $26,017  $12,270   $17,011  $26,360  $26,017 
                    

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.

COMARCO, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

 

1.Organization

Comarco, Inc., through its subsidiary Comarco Wireless Technologies, Inc. (collectively, “we,” “Comarco,” or the “Company”), is a leading designer and manufacturer of external mobile power adapters used to power and charge notebook computers, mobile phones, BlackBerry® smartphones, iPods®, and many other rechargeable handheld devices. Comarco is also a provider of wireless test solutions for the wireless industry, as well as a provider of emergency call box systemsboxes and related maintenance services. Our operations consist solely of the operations of Comarco Wireless Technologies, Inc. (“CWT”), which was incorporated in the state of Delaware in September 1993. Comarco, Inc. is a California corporation whose common stock has been publicly traded since 1971 when it was spun-off from Genge Industries, Inc.

 

2.Summary of Significant Accounting Policies

Principles of Consolidation

The consolidated financial statements of the Company include the accounts of Comarco, Inc. and CWT. All material intercompany balances, transactions, and profits have been eliminated.

Use of Estimates

The preparation of consolidated financial statements in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the consolidated financial statements and the reported amounts of revenue and expenses during the years reported. Actual results could materially differ from those estimates.

Certain accounting principles require subjective and complex judgments to be used in the preparation of financial statements. Accordingly, a different financial presentation could result depending on the judgments, estimates, or assumptions that are used. Such estimates and assumptions include, but are not specifically limited to, those required in the valuationassessment of the impairment of long-lived assets, allowance for doubtful accounts, reserves for inventory obsolescence, and valuation allowances for deferred tax assets.

Revenue Recognition

Revenue from product sales is recognized upon shipment of products provided there are no uncertainties regarding customer acceptance, persuasive evidence of an arrangement exists, the sales price is fixed or determinable, and collectibility is probable. The Company’s wireless test solutions products are integrated with embedded software. Accordingly, the Company’s revenue is recognized using the residual method pursuant to the requirements of Statement of Position No. 97-2, “Software Revenue Recognition,” and other applicable revenue recognition guidance and interpretations. Under the residual method, revenue is allocated to the undelivered element, typically maintenance, based on its respective fair value, with the fair value determined by the price charged when that element is sold separately. The revenue allocated to the maintenance element is amortized to revenue evenly over the term of the maintenance commitment made at the time of the sale. The costs associated with honoring the maintenance commitment are charged to expense as incurred. The revenue attributable to the delivered product is the residual amount after subtracting the revenue allocated to the undelivered element from the sales price. The revenue attributable to the delivered product is recognized following the policy for product sales described above.

Revenue from services is recognized as the services are performed. Maintenance revenue from extended warranty sales is deferred and recognized ratably over the term of the maintenance agreement.

COMARCO, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS—(Continued)STATEMENTS

 

Cash and Cash Equivalents

All highly liquid investments with remaining maturity dates of three months or less when acquired are classified as cash and cash equivalents. The fair value of cash and cash equivalents approximates the amounts shown in the financial statements. Cash and cash equivalents are generally maintained in uninsured accounts.

Short-Term Investments

Short-term investments consist of balances maintained in a non-qualified deferred compensation plan funded by Company executives and directors. These investments are tradable at the discretion of the funding executives and directors, and are subject to claims by the Company’s general creditors. Accordingly, these investments are classified as trading securities. Trading securities are recorded at market value based on current market quotes and totaled $0.9$0.3 million and $1.2$0.9 million as of January 31, 20072008 and 2006,2007, respectively. Unrealized holding gains and (losses) on these short-term investments recorded for the years ended January 31, 2008, 2007, and 2006 were ($32,000), $127,000, and 2005 were $127,000, $54,000, and $100,000, respectively, and are reflected as adjustments to both short-term investments and the deferred compensation liability.

Inventory

Inventory is valued at the lower of cost (calculated on average cost, which approximates first-in, first-out basis) or market value.

Property and Equipment

Property and equipment are stated at cost less accumulated depreciation and amortization. Additions, improvements, and major renewals are capitalized; maintenance, repairs, and minor renewals are expensed as incurred. Depreciation and amortization is calculated on a straight-line basis over the expected useful lives of the property and equipment. The expected useful lives of office furnishings and fixtures are five to seven years, and of equipment and purchased software are two to five years.

Research and Development and Software Development Costs

Research and development costs are charged to expense as incurred and are included in engineering and support costs. During fiscal 2008, 2007, and 2006 and 2005 wethe Company incurred approximately $6.5 million, $5.7 million, $5.5 million, and $5.2$5.5 million in research and development expense. Costs incurred for the development of software embedded in the Company’s wireless test solutions products that will be sold are capitalized when technological feasibility has been established. Technological feasibility is generally demonstrated by the completion of a working model. These capitalized costs are subject to an ongoing assessment of recoverability based on anticipated future revenue and changes in hardware and software technologies. Costs that are capitalized include direct labor and related overhead.

Amortization of software development costs begins when the product is available for general release. Amortization is provided on a product-by-product basis on the shorter of the straight-line method over periods ranging from two to five years or the sales ratio method that is based on expected unit sales and the estimated life of the product. Unamortized software development costs determined to be in excess of net realizable value of the related product is expensed immediately.

Goodwill and Acquired Intangible Assets

Goodwill, which represents the excess of purchase price over fair value of net assets acquired in a business combination, is recorded at cost.

COMARCO, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS—(Continued)

Effective February 1, 2002, the Company implemented SFAS No. 142, “Goodwill and Other Intangible Assets.” SFAS No. 142 established new standards for goodwill acquired in a business combination, eliminated amortization of goodwill, and set forth methods for periodically evaluating goodwill for impairment. Under SFAS No. 142, goodwill impairment is deemed to exist if the net book value of a reporting unit exceeds its estimated fair value generally determined using a discounted cash flow methodology applied to the particular unit. This methodology differs from the Company’s previous policy, in accordance with accounting standards existing at that

COMARCO, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

time, of using undiscounted cash flows on an enterprise-wide basis under SFAS No. 121, “Accounting for the Impairment of Long-Lived Assets and for Long-Lived Assets to Be Disposed Of” to determine recoverability. An annual impairment review is performed during the fourth quarter of each year. At January 31, 2007,During the Company identified no impairment.fourth quarter of fiscal 2008, it was determined that the goodwill attributable to the Company’s Call Box business was impaired in total.

Long-Lived Assets

In accordance with SFAS No. 144, “Accounting for the Impairment or Disposal of Long-Lived Assets,” the Company evaluates long-lived assets, including intangible assets other than goodwill, for impairment when indicators of impairment are present and the undiscounted cash flows estimated to be generated by those assets are less than the assets’ carrying amounts. Factors considered important which could trigger an impairment review include, but are not limited to, significant underperformance relative to expected historical or projected future operating results, significant changes in the manner of use of the assets or the strategy for the Company’s overall business, and significant negative industry or economic trends. If such assets are identified to be impaired, the impairment to be recognized is the amount by which the carrying value of the asset exceeds the fair value of the asset. No impairments were identified during the year ended January 31, 2007.2008.

Assets to be disposed of are separately presented in the balance sheet and reported at the lower of the carrying amount or fair value less costs to sell, and are no longer depreciated.

Investment in SwissQual

On July 31, 2001, the Company acquired an 18 percent equity stake in SwissQual for $1.0 million in cash. Based in Zuchwil, Switzerland, SwissQual is a developer of voice quality systems and software for measuring, monitoring, and optimizing the quality of mobile, fixed, and IP-based voice and data communications. On January 24, 2006, the Company sold its 18 percent minority interest in SwissQual (see Note 4)5).

Income Taxes

As part of the process of preparing its consolidated financial statements, the Company is required to estimate its provision for income taxes in each of the tax jurisdictions in which it conducts business. This process involves estimating the Company’s actual current tax expense in conjunction with the evaluation and measurement of temporary differences resulting from differing treatment of certain items for tax and accounting purposes. These temporary timing differences result in the establishment of deferred tax assets and liabilities, which are recorded on a net basis and included in the Company’s consolidated balance sheets. On a periodic basis, the Company assesses the probability that its net deferred tax assets, if any, will be recovered. If after evaluating all of the positive and negative evidence, a conclusion is made that it is more likely than not that some portion or all of the net deferred tax assets will not be recovered, a valuation allowance is provided with a corresponding charge to tax expense to reserve the portion of the deferred tax assets which are estimated to be more likely than not to be realized.

Significant management judgment is required in determining the Company’s provision for income taxes, its deferred tax assets and liabilities, and any required valuation allowance. During the second quarter of fiscal 2005, as a result of incurring cumulative losses for a three-year period, the Company established a valuation allowance

COMARCO, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS—(Continued)

totaling approximately $2.9 million, or the entire deferred tax asset balance existing as of the beginning of fiscal 2005. This valuation allowance was established based on management’s overall assessment of risks and uncertainties related to the Company’s future ability to realize, and hence, utilize certain deferred tax assets, primarily consisting of net operating losses, carry forward temporary differences and future tax deductions resulting from certain types of stock option exercises. Due to the current and prior years’ operating losses, the adjusted net deferred tax assets remain fully reserved as of January 31, 2007.2008.

InThe Company adopted the third quarterprovisions of Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) Interpretation (“FIN”) No. 48 “Accounting for Uncertainty in Income Taxes – An Interpretation of FASB Statement No. 109” (“FIN 48”) on February 1, 2007. This interpretation clarifies the accounting for uncertainty in income taxes recognized in an enterprise’s financial statements in accordance with FASB Statement No. 109 “Accounting for Income Taxes” and prescribes a recognition threshold and measurement criteria for the financial statement recognition and measurement of a tax position taken or expected to be taken in a tax return. The interpretation also provides guidance on de-recognition, classification, interest, and penalties, accounting in interim periods, disclosure, and transition (see Note 4).

COMARCO, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

During fiscal 2005,2008, the Company recorded anet loss of $10.0 million and recorded an income tax benefit of $446,000 due$0.6 million. The net deferred tax asset of $7.7 million, $2.7 million of which relates to net operating losses created in fiscal 2008, at January 31, 2008 continues to be fully reserved.

During fiscal 2007, the generationCompany recorded net income of refund claims created upon completion$1.8 million, utilized its remaining federal and California net operating loss carryforwards, and recorded income tax expense of fiscal 2004 corporate$0.4 million. The remaining net deferred tax returns in the third quarterasset of fiscal 2005.$4.3 million, at January 31, 2007, was fully reserved.

During fiscal 2006, the Company recorded net income of $6.3 million and utilized approximately $2.8 million of its net operating loss carryforwards. The remaining net deferred tax asset of $3.5 million at January 31, 2006 was fully reserved.

During fiscal 2007, the Company recorded net income of $1.8 million, utilized its remaining federal and California net operating loss carryforwards, and recorded income tax expense of $350,000. The remaining net deferred tax asset of $4.3 million, at January 31, 2007, continues to be fully reserved.

Warranty Costs

The Company provides limited warranties for new call box sales for a period of 90 days and ChargeSource® products for a period generally not to exceed 15 months. The Company accrues for the estimated cost of warranties at the time revenue is recognized. The accrual is a fixed rate which is consistent with the Company’s actual claim experience. Should actual warranty claim rates differ from the Company’s estimates, revisions to the liability would be required.

The Company generally provides a one year warranty for wireless test solutions products. As discussed above, the revenue allocated to maintenance is amortized to revenue evenly over the term of the maintenance commitment made at the time of the sale. The costs associated with honoring the maintenance commitment are charged to expense as incurred.

Minority Interest

As discussed further in Note 15,16, the Company has a subsidiary stock option plan whereby officers and employees of CWT may be granted options to purchase common stock of CWT. During fiscal 2008, 2007, 2006, and 20052006 no options were granted under the subsidiary option plan. During fiscal 2008, 2007, and 2006 no options were exercised and, accordingly, no minority interest in earnings was recorded in those years. During fiscal 2005, the Company issued 30,000 shares of CWT stock from the exercise of CWT stock options and acquired 66,000 minority shares of CWT through the issuance of 92,668 shares of Company common stock. Under the purchase method of accounting, the excess price of $456,000 during fiscal 2005 of the minority interest in CWT over the fair value of the proportionate share of the identifiable net assets of CWT has been recognized as definite-lived intangible assets attributable to intellectual property rights.

There are 3,000no options outstanding under the subsidiary option plan as of January 31, 2007.2008.

Concentrations of Credit Risk

The Company’s cash and cash equivalents are principally on deposit in a non-insured short-term asset management account at a large financial institution. Accounts receivable potentially subject the Company to concentrations of credit risk. The Company’s customer base is comprised primarily of large companies (see

COMARCO, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS—(Continued)

Note 6)7). The Company generally does not require collateral for accounts receivable. When required, the Company maintains allowances for credit losses, and to date such losses have been within management’s expectations. Once a specific account receivable has been reserved for as potentially uncollectible, the Company’s policy is to continue to pursue collections for a period of up to one year prior to recording a receivable write-off.

Segment Reporting

The Company follows SFAS No. 131, “Disclosures About Segments of an Enterprise and Related Information,” which establishes standards for the manner in which public companies report information about operating segments in annual and interim financial statements. It also establishes standards for related disclosures about products and services, geographic areas, and major customers. The method for determining what information to report is based on the way management organizes the operating segments within a company for making operating decisions and assessing financial performances. The Company organizes its segment reporting on the basis of product/service type.

COMARCO, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

The Company operates in three business segments: wireless test solutions, call box,ChargeSource®, Wireless Test Solutions, and mobile power products.Call Box.

The Company’s chief executive officer (“CEO”) is its chief operating decision-maker. The financial information that the CEO reviews to manage and evaluate the business and allocate resources is similar to the information presented in the accompanying consolidated statements of income focusing on revenues and gross profit for each segment.

Earnings (Loss) Per Common Share

Basic earnings (loss) per share is computed by dividing net income (loss) by the weighted average number of common shares outstanding during the period excluding the dilutive effect of potential common stock, which for the Company consists solely of stock options. Diluted earnings per share gives effect toreflects the dilution that would result from the exercise of all dilutive potential common stock options outstanding during the period. The effect of such potential common stock is computed using the treasury stock method (see Note 16)17).

COMARCO, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS—(Continued)

Stock-Based Compensation

The Company grants stock options for a fixed number of shares to employees with an exercise price equal to the fair value of the shares at the date of grant. Prior to February 1, 2006, the Company accounted for stock option grants using the intrinsic method in accordance with Accounting Principles Board (“APB”) Opinion No. 25, “Accounting for Stock Issued to Employees” and related interpretations in accounting for its stock-based compensation plans. The Company adopted the disclosure-only provisions of Statement of Financial Accounting Standards (“SFAS”) No. 123 (“SFAS No. 123”), “Accounting for Stock-Based Compensation.” Accordingly, no compensation expense was recognized for the stock option grants. Had compensation cost for the Company’s stock option plans been determined based on the fair value at the grant date for awards during the years ended January 31, 2006 and 2005, consistent with the provisions of SFAS No. 123, the Company’s net income (loss), basic income (loss) per share, and diluted income (loss) per share would have been adjusted to the pro forma amounts as follows (in thousands except per share amounts):

   Years Ended January 31, 
   2006  2005 

Net income (loss):

   

As reported

  $6,331  $(10,056)

Deduct: Total stock-based employee compensation expense determined under fair value based method for all awards, net of related tax effects

   (275)  (472)
         

Pro forma

  $6,056  $(10,528)
         

Income (loss) per common share—basic:

   

As reported

  $0.85  $(1.37)

Pro forma

   0.82   (1.44)

Income (loss) per common share—diluted:

   

As reported

  $0.85  $(1.37)

Pro forma

   0.82   (1.44)

The per share weighted-average fair value of employee and director stock options granted during the years ended January 31, 2006 and 2005 was $4.23 and $4.08, respectively, on the date of grant using the Black Scholes option-pricing model with the following weighted-average assumptions:

   Years Ended January 31, 
   2006  2005 

Expected dividend yield

  0.0% 0.0%

Expected volatility

  50.1% 46.9%

Weighted average risk-free interest rate

  3.8% 3.8%

Expected life (in years)

  6  6 

Expected forfeitures

  10% 10%

As of February 1, 2006, the Company adopted SFAS No. 123R, “Share-Based Payment,” (“SFAS No. 123R”) using the modified prospective method, which requires measurement of compensation cost for all stock awards at fair value on date of grant and recognition of compensation over the service period for awards expected to vest. The fair value of stock options is determined using the Black-Scholes valuation model, which is consistent with the Company’s valuation techniques previously utilized for options in footnote disclosures required under SFAS No. 123, and requires the input of subjective assumptions. These assumptions include estimating the length of time employees will retain their vested stock options before exercising them (the “expected term”), the estimated volatility of the common stock price over the expected term, and the number of options that will ultimately not complete their vesting requirements (“forfeitures”). Changes in these subjective

COMARCO, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS—(Continued)

assumptions can materially affect the estimate of fair value of stock-based compensation and, consequently, the related amount recognized as an expense on the consolidated statements of operations. As required under the accounting rules, the Company reviews its valuation assumptions at each grant date and, as a result, is likely to change its valuation assumptions used to value employee stock-based awards granted in future periods. The values derived from using the Black-Scholes model are recognized as expense over the vesting period, net of estimated forfeitures. The estimation of stock awards that will ultimately vest requires significant judgment. Actual results, and future changes in estimates, may materially differ from the Company’s current estimates. Prior periods have not been restated to incorporate the stock-based compensation charge.

The per share weighted-average fair value of employee and director stock options granted during the year ended January 31, 2007 was $5.36 on the date of grant using the Black Scholes option-pricing model with the following weighted-average assumptions:

Year Ended

January 31, 2007

Expected dividend yield

0.0%

Expected volatility

44.2%

Weighted average risk-free interest rate

4.8%

Expected life (in years)

6.1

Expected forfeitures

10.6%

The compensation expense recognized in connection with the adoption of SFAS No. 123R was $555,000 foris summarized in the year ended January 31, 2007. Thus, the diluted incometable below (in thousands except per share decreased by $0.06 for the year ended January 31, 2007. amounts):

   Years Ended
January 31,
 
   2008  2007 

Compensation expense relating to SFAS 123R

  $569,000  $555,000 

Impact on diluted earnings per share

  $(0.08) $(0.06)

There was no impact on cash flows from operating, investing, or financing activities in connection with the adoption of SFAS No. 123R. The total compensation cost related to nonvested awards not yet recognized is approximately $1.0$0.7 million, which will be expensed over a weighted average remaining life of 19.121.7 months.

The per share weighted-average fair value of employee and director stock options granted during the years ended January 31, 2008 and 2007 was $2.87 and $5.36, respectively, on the date of grant using the Black-Scholes option-pricing model with the following weighted-average assumptions:

   Years Ended
January 31,
 
   2008  2007 

Expected dividend yield

  0.0% 0.0%

Expected volatility

  40.1% 44.2%

Weighted average risk-free interest rate

  4.8% 4.8%

Expected life (in years)

  5.8  6.1 

Expected forfeitures

  10.6% 10.6%

COMARCO, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

Prior to February 1, 2006, the Company accounted for stock option grants using the intrinsic method in accordance with Accounting Principles Board (“APB”) Opinion No. 25, “Accounting for Stock Issued to Employees” and related interpretations in accounting for its stock-based compensation plans. The Company adopted the disclosure-only provisions of Statement of Financial Accounting Standards (“SFAS”) No. 123 (“SFAS No. 123”), “Accounting for Stock-Based Compensation.” Accordingly, no compensation expense was recognized for the stock option grants. Had compensation cost for the Company’s stock option plans been determined based on the fair value at the grant date for awards during the year ended January 31, 2006, consistent with the provisions of SFAS No. 123, the Company’s net income, basic income per share, and diluted income per share would have been adjusted to the pro forma amounts as follows (in thousands except per share amounts):

   Year Ended
January 31, 2006
 

Net income:

  

As reported

  $6,331 

Deduct: Total stock-based employee compensation expense determined under fair value based method for all awards, net of related tax effects

   (275)
     

Pro forma

  $6,056 
     

Income per common share—basic:

  

As reported

  $0.85 

Pro forma

   0.82 

Income per common share—diluted:

  

As reported

  $0.85 

Pro forma

   0.82 

The per share weighted-average fair value of employee and director stock options granted during the year ended January 31, 2006 was $4.23 on the date of grant using the Black-Scholes option-pricing model with the following weighted-average assumptions:

Year Ended
January 31, 2006

Expected dividend yield

0.0%

Expected volatility

50.1%

Weighted average risk-free interest rate

3.8%

Expected life (in years)

6

Expected forfeitures

10%

Fair Value of Financial Instruments

The estimated fair values of the Company’s financial instruments have been determined using available market information. The estimates are not necessarily indicative of the amounts the Company could realize in a current market exchange. The use of different market assumptions and/or estimation methodologies may have an effect on the estimated fair value amounts. The fair value of current financial assets, current liabilities, and other assets are estimated to be equal to their carrying amounts.

Reclassifications

Certain prior period balances have been reclassified to conform to the current period presentation.

Comprehensive Income

SFAS No. 130, “Reporting Comprehensive Income,” requires additional disclosures in the consolidated financial statements to reflect net unrealized gains (losses) on available for sale securities, net of income tax. The Company had no unrealized gains (losses) on available for sale securities and therefore there was no difference between net income (loss) and comprehensive income (loss) for the years ended January 31, 2008, 2007, 2006, and 2005.2006.

COMARCO, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS—(Continued)STATEMENTS

 

3.Recent Accounting Pronouncements

In February 2006, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) issued SFAS No. 155, “Accounting for Certain Hybrid Instruments,” which amends SFAS No. 133 and SFAS No. 140, “Accounting for Transfers and Servicing of Financial Assets and Extinguishments of Liabilities.” SFAS No. 155 allows financial instruments that have embedded derivatives to be accounted for as a whole (eliminating the need to bifurcate the derivative from its host) if the holder elects to account for the whole instrument on a fair value basis. SFAS No. 155 also clarifies and amends certain other provisions of SFAS No. 133 and SFAS No. 140. This statement is effective for all financial instruments acquired or issued in fiscal years beginning after September 15, 2006. The Company will adopt this pronouncement beginning in fiscal year 2008 and such adoption is not expected to have a significant impact on the Company’s consolidated financial position or results of operations.

In July 2006, the FASB issued Interpretation No. 48, “Accounting for Uncertainty in Income Taxes” (“FIN 48”). FIN 48 requires the use of a two-step approach for recognizing and measuring tax benefits taken or expected to be taken in a tax return and disclosures regarding uncertainties in income tax positions. The Company is required to adopt FIN 48 effective February 1, 2007. The cumulative effect of initially adopting FIN 48 is to record an adjustment to opening retained earnings in the year of adoption and should be presented separately. Only tax positions that meet the more likely than not recognition threshold at the effective date may be recognized upon adoption of FIN 48. The Company is in the process of evaluating the impact of the adoption of the Interpretation on the Company’s consolidated financial statements.

In September 2006, the FASB issued SFAS No. 157, “Fair Value Measurements” (“SFAS 157”). This new standard establishes a framework for measuring the fair value of assets and liabilities. This framework is intended to provide increased consistency in how fair value determinations are made under various existing accounting standards that permit, or in some cases require, estimates of fair market value. Statement No.SFAS 157 also expands financial statement disclosure requirements about a company’s use of fair value measurements, including the effect of such measures on earnings. This statement is effective for fiscal years beginning after November 15, 2007. While2007, which for Comarco is fiscal 2009. In February 2008, the FASB issued Staff Position 157-1 (which includes leases under SFAS 13) and Staff Position 157-2, which delayed the effective date for non-financial assets and liabilities, except those items recognized on an annual or more frequent basis to fiscal years beginning after November 15, 2008. The Company is currently evaluating the provisions of Statement No. 157,does not expect the adoption is not expectedof SFAS 157 to have a material impact on its consolidated financial statements.

In September 2006, the SEC staff issued Staff Accounting Bulletin (SAB) 108, “Considering the Effects of Prior Year Misstatements when Quantifying Misstatements in Current Year Financial Statements”. SAB 108 requires that public companies utilize a “dual-approach” to assess the quantitative effects of financial misstatements. This dual approach includes both an income statement focused assessment and a balance sheet focused assessment. The guidance in SAB 108 must be applied to annual financial statements for fiscal years ending after November 15, 2006. The adoption of SAB 108 did not have a material impact on the Company’s consolidated financial statements.

In February 2007, the FASB issued SFAS No. 159, “The Fair Value Option for Financial Assets and Financial Liabilities—Liabilities – Including an Amendment of FASB Statement No. 115.”115” (“SFAS 159”). This standard amends SFAS No. 115, “Accounting for Certain Investment in Debt and Equity Securities,” with respect to accounting for a transfer to the trading category for all entities with available-for-sale and trading securities electing the fair value option. This standard allows companies to elect fair value accounting for many financial instruments and other items that currently are not required to be accounted as such, allows different applications for electing the option for a single item or groups of items, and requires disclosures to facilitate comparisons of similar assets and liabilities that are accounted for differently in relation to the fair value option. SFAS 159 is effective for fiscal years beginning after November 15, 2007, which for Comarco is fiscal 2009. The Company does not expect SFAS 159 to have a material impact on its consolidated financial position and results of operations.

In December 2007, the FASB issued SFAS No. 141 (revised 2007), “Business Combinations” (“SFAS 141R”). SFAS 141R establishes principles and requirements for how an acquirer in a business combination: (i) recognizes and measures the identifiable assets acquired, the liabilities assumed, and any noncontrolling interest in the acquiree; (ii) recognizes and measures the goodwill acquired in a business combination or gain from a bargain purchase; and (iii) determines what information to disclose to enable financial statement users to evaluate the nature and financial effects of the business combination. SFAS 141R is applicable prospectively to business combinations for which the acquisition date is on or after the beginning of the first annual reporting period beginning on or after December 15, 2008. After its effective date, SFAS 141R would have an impact on the accounting for any business the Company may acquire in the future.

In December 2007, the FASB issued SFAS No. 160, “Noncontrolling Interests in Consolidated Financial Statements” (“SFAS 160”). This standard establishes accounting and reporting standards for the noncontrolling interest in a subsidiary and for the deconsolidation of a subsidiary. SFAS 160 is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2008. Early adoption of SFAS 160 is prohibited. After its effective date, SFAS 160 would have an impact on the presentation and disclosure of the non-controlling interests of any non-wholly-owned businesses the Company may acquire in the future.

4.Adoption of New Accounting Pronouncement

The Company adopted the provisions of Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) Interpretation (“FIN”) No. 48 “Accounting for Uncertainty in Income Taxes – An Interpretation of FASB Statement No. 109” (“FIN 48”) on February 1, 2007. This interpretation clarifies the accounting for uncertainty in income taxes recognized in an enterprise’s financial statements in accordance with FASB Statement No. 109 “Accounting for Income Taxes” and prescribes a recognition threshold and measurement criteria for the financial statement recognition and measurement of a tax position taken or expected to be taken in a tax return. The interpretation also provides guidance on de-recognition, classification, interest and penalties, accounting in interim periods, disclosure, and transition.

COMARCO, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS—(Continued)STATEMENTS

As a result of the adoption of FIN 48, the Company recorded an $86,000 decrease in retained earnings and increased non-current liabilities by $86,000. As of February 1, 2007, the total amount of unrecognized tax benefit is $0.6 million. If reversed, $86,000 of the decrease in the unrecognized benefit amount would result in a reduction in income tax expense.

The Company recognizes interest and penalties associated with unrecognized tax benefits in the income tax expense line item of the Consolidated Statements of Operations. As of January 31, 2008, the Company had accrued approximately $14,000 in interest and penalties, which has been recorded directly to retained earnings in accordance with the adoption of FIN 48.

The Company and its subsidiaries file income tax returns in the U.S. federal jurisdiction and in certain state jurisdictions. With few exceptions, the Company is no longer subject to U.S. federal or state income tax examinations by tax authorities for years before 2002 in those jurisdictions where returns have been filed. Due to normal closures of the statute of limitations, the Company anticipates that there is a reasonable possibility that the amount of unrecognized federal tax benefits will decrease by $31,000 during the first quarter of fiscal 2009.

 

4.5.Gain on Sale of Investment in SwissQual and Intangible Asset

During fiscal 2002, the Company purchased an 18 percent equity stake in Switzerland based SwissQual AG (“SwissQual”) for approximately $1.1 million. SwissQual is a developer of quality of service systems and software for measuring, monitoring, and optimizing the quality of mobile, fixed, and IP-based voice and data communications. Under this alliance, SwissQual was responsible for reselling and supporting Comarco’s co-branded Seven.Five products in Europe, the Middle East, and North Africa (the Company’s “European” region) through December 31, 2006. The Company has a revenue sharing agreement in place that determines how much revenue Comarco earns from SwissQual sales and, conversely, how much revenue SwissQual earns from the Company’s sales to customers located outside the European region.region, through December 31, 2010.

During January 2006, Spirent Communications plc (“Spirent”) acquired 100 percent of the outstanding shares of SwissQual for consideration totaling up to approximately $71.3 million. Approximately $37.6 million in cash was paid at the close of the transaction, which is net of $2.5 million of transaction costs, with an additional $9.1 million put into escrow to secure certain indemnification obligations. The escrowed consideration is expected to be released within 24 months of the close. In addition, up to $22.1 million in contingent consideration may be paid within 24 months of closing upon satisfaction of certain performance and other requirements. The majority of the escrowed consideration was released to SwissQual shareholders in January 2008. Upon the closing of the transaction, the Company received approximately $6.8 million of the closing consideration, which is net of $0.5 million of transaction costs, for its 18 percent ownership interest in SwissQual and may receive up to an additional $5.4 million of any additional escrow distribution and contingent consideration. During January 31, 2006, the Company recorded a gain on sale of investment totaling $6.1 million, which was based on cash consideration received by the Company. During fiscal 2007, the Company received $1.7 million of contingent consideration, net of $0.1 million of transaction costs, recorded as gain on sale of investment in SwissQual. Due to uncertainty as to timing and amountDuring fiscal 2008, the Company received $2.0 million of any escrow distribution and remaining contingent consideration and escrow distributions, net of $43,000 of transaction costs, recorded on a cash basis as gain on sale of investment in SwissQual. During the fourth quarter of fiscal 2008, the Company expects to record an additional gain as the contingency lapses and the funds are probablereceived $1.4 million of receipt.escrow distributions.

Prior to the acquisition, SwissQual declared and paid a dividend to the then current shareholders. During January 2006, Comarco recorded the approximately $0.4 million dividend declared as a reduction in the cost basis of the Company’s investment in SwissQual. Additionally, during December 2005, the Company sold rights to software to SwissQual for approximately $0.5 million. At the time of the sale, such software rights had an unamortized book value of approximately $0.2 million. Accordingly, the Company recorded a gain on sale of the intangible asset totaling approximately $0.3 million.

COMARCO, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

The gain on sale of investment in SwissQual and intangible asset is comprised of the following (in thousands):

 

   Years Ended January 31, 
       2007          2006     

Sale of investment in SwissQual:

    

Cash proceeds

  $1,687  $6,774 

Less: Cost basis

   —     (1,073)

 Dividend declared

   —     420 
         

Gain on sale of investment

  $1,687  $6,121 

Sale of intangible asset:

    

Cash proceeds

   —     550 

Less: Cost basis

   —     (233)
         

Gain on sale of intangible asset

   —     317 
         

Gain on sale of investment in SwissQual and intangible asset

  $1,687  $6,438 
         

COMARCO, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS—(Continued)

   Years Ended January 31, 
   2008  2007  2006 

Sale of investment in SwissQual:

      

Cash proceeds

  $1,976  $1,687  $6,774 

Less: Cost basis

   —     —     (1,073)

Dividend declared

   —     —     420 
             

Gain on sale of investment

   1,976   1,687   6,121 

Sale of intangible asset:

      

Cash proceeds

   —     —     550 

Less: Cost basis

   —     —     (233)
             

Gain on sale of intangible asset

   —     —     317 
             

Gain on sale of investment in SwissQual and intangible asset

  $1,976  $1,687  $6,438 
             

 

5.6.Discontinued Operations

On January 6, 2004, Comarco sold the assets of the reporting unit EDX. This reporting unit was formerly included in the wireless test solutions segment. Gross proceeds from the sale totaled $600,000.$0.6 million.

Additionally, during fiscal 2001, the Company sold its defense and commercial staffing businesses, the non-wireless businesses. Adjustments made to the estimated exit costs of these businesses are recorded as discontinued operations.

Following is summarized financial information for the discontinued operations (in thousands):

 

   Years Ended January 31,
   2007  2006  2005

Revenue

  $ —    $ —    $ —  
            

Income from discontinued operations of EDX (net of income tax expense (benefit) of $0, $0, and $0, respectively)

  $—    $—    $—  

Income (loss) from discontinued operations of non-wireless businesses (net of income tax expense of $0, $0, and $0, respectively)

   —     (45)  325
            

Income (loss) from discontinued operations

  $—    $(45) $325
            

Previously, the Company included cash flows from discontinued operations as a single amount in its consolidated statement of cash flows. In fiscal 2006, the Company separately disclosed the components of cash flows of discontinued operations, reconciled operating cash flows from net income rather than income from continuing operations, and restated its statement of cash flows for fiscal 2005 to conform to the current presentation.

   Years Ended January 31, 
   2008  2007  2006 

Revenue

  $—    $—    $—   
             

Income from discontinued operations of EDX

  $—    $—    $—   

Loss from discontinued operations of non-wireless businesses

   —     —     (45)
             

Loss from discontinued operations

  $—    $—    $(45)
             

 

6.7.Customer Concentrations

A significant portion of the Company’s revenue is derived from a limited number of customers. The customers providing 10 percent or more of the company’s revenue for the years ended January 31, 2008, 2007, 2006, and 20052006 are listed below (in thousands, except percentages).

 

   Years Ended January 31, 
   2007  2006  2005 

Total revenue

  $47,776  100% $46,878  100% $29,223  100%

Customer concentration:

          

Verizon Wireless

   7,002  15%  11,885  25%  —     

Kensington Technology Group

   15,425  32%  11,827  25%  —     

SwissQual

   2,525  5%  8,788  19%  6,564  22%

Targus, Inc.  

   —       —       4,131  14%

TIM Cellular, S.A.  

   —       —       4,305  15%
                      
  $24,952  52% $32,500  69% $15,000  51%
                      

COMARCO, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS—(Continued)

   Years Ended January 31, 
   2008  2007  2006 

Total revenue

  $23,200  100% $47,776  100% $46,878  100%
                      

Customer concentration:

          

Verizon Wireless

  $3,733  16% $7,002  15% $11,885  25%

Kensington

   4,659  20%  15,425  32%  11,827  25%

SwissQual

   —    —     2,525  5%  8,788  19%
                      
  $8,392  36% $24,952  52% $32,500  69%
                      

The customers comprising 10 percent or more of the Company’s gross accounts receivable as of January 31, 20072008 and 20062007 are listed below (in thousands, except percentages).

COMARCO, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

 

  Years Ended January 31,   January 31, 
  2007 2006   2008 2007 

Total gross accounts receivable

  $11,053  100% $9,363  100%  $4,771  100% $11,053  100%
             

Customer concentration:

              

Kensington Technology Group

   2,975  27%  3,292  35%

Kensington

  $1,209  25% $2,975  27%

MTC SAFE

   1,531  14%  —    —      186  4%  1,531  14%

Kern Motorist Authority

   501  11%  —    —   

SwissQual

   1,185  11%  2,335  25%   37  —     1,185  11%
                          
  $5,691  52% $5,627  60%  $1,933  40% $5,691  52%
                          

 

7.8.Accounts Receivable

Accounts receivable consist of the following (in thousands):

 

  January 31,   January 31, 
  2007 2006   2008 2007 

Trade accounts receivable

  $11,053  $9,363   $4,771  $11,053 

Less: Allowances for doubtful accounts

   (111)  (78)   (43)  (111)
              
  $10,942  $9,285   $4,728  $10,942 
              

 

8.9.Inventory

Inventory, net of reserves, consists of the following (in thousands):

 

  January 31,  January 31,
  2007  2006  2008  2007

Raw materials

  $1,912  $4,359  $2,637  $1,912

Work-in-process

   195   915   118   195

Finished goods

   3,345   3,475   1,711   3,345
            
  $5,452  $8,749  $4,466  $5,452
            

 

9.10.Property and Equipment

Property and equipment consist of the following (in thousands):

 

   January 31, 
   2007  2006 

Office furnishings and fixtures

  $2,211  $1,677 

Equipment

   9,024   8,683 

Purchased software

   505   369 
         
   11,740   10,729 

Less: Accumulated depreciation and amortization

   (8,409)  (9,134)
         
  $3,331  $1,595 
         

COMARCO, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS—(Continued)

   January 31, 
   2008  2007 

Office furnishings and fixtures

  $2,206  $2,211 

Equipment

   8,151   9,024 

Purchased software

   472   505 
         
   10,829   11,740 

Less: Accumulated depreciation and amortization

   (8,243)  (8,409)
         
  $2,586  $3,331 
         

Depreciation and amortization expense for fiscal 2008, 2007, and 2006 and 2005 totaled $1.6 million, $1.5 million, and $1.4 million, respectively.

During fiscal 2008, nearly fully depreciated property and $2.0equipment with a cost basis of $1.8 million respectively.was retired in conjunction with fixed asset physical inventory observations.

During fiscal 2007, fully depreciated leasehold improvements with a cost basis of $867,000$0.9 million were retired upon the Company’s corporate relocation in the third quarter of fiscal 2007. These assets were reported under office furnishings and fixtures in the table above in fiscal 2006.

During fiscal 2006, equipment with a cost basis of $360,000 and accumulated depreciation of $340,000 was retired upon completion of fixed asset physical inventory observations.

COMARCO, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

 

10.11.Software Development Costs

Software development costs consist of the following (in thousands):

 

  January 31,   January 31, 
  2007 2006   2008 2007 

Capitalized software development costs

  $8,444  $8,444   $8,444  $8,444 

Less: Accumulated amortization

   (8,201)  (7,083)   (8,444)  (8,201)
              
  $243  $1,361   $—    $243 
              

Capitalized software development costs for the years ended January 31, 2008, 2007, 2006, and 20052006 totaled $0, $0, and $0, respectively. In the fourth quarter of fiscal 2006, the Company sold capitalized NQDI software to SwissQual for $550,000$0.6 million cash. The capitalized software development costs of $534,000$0.5 million and accumulated amortization of $301,000$0.3 million were retired upon receiving the proceeds from SwissQual.

Amortization of software development costs for the years ended January 31, 2008, 2007, and 2006 and 2005 totaled $0.2 million, $1.1 million, $1.9 million, and $2.0$1.9 million, respectively, and have been reported in cost of revenue in the accompanying consolidated financial statements. The remaining net book value of $243,000 is expected to be fully amortized in fiscal 2008.

 

11.12.Goodwill and Acquired Intangible Assets

Goodwill and acquired intangible assets consist of the following (in thousands):

 

  January 31,   January 31, 
  2007 2006   2008 2007 

Goodwill

  $2,394  $2,394   $1,898  $2,394 
              

Acquired intangible assets:

      

Definite-lived intangible assets:

      

Software algorithms

  $—    $—   

License rights

   1,440   1,355   $1,440  $1,440 

Intellectual property rights

   1,244   1,244    1,244   1,244 
              
   2,684   2,599    2,684   2,684 

Less: accumulated amortization

   (1,864)  (1,342)   (2,159)  (1,864)
              

Total acquired intangible assets, net

  $820  $1,257   $525  $820 
              

During the firstfourth quarter of fiscal 2006, fully amortized software algorithms2008, in conjunction with the amountCompany’s annual impairment review of $255,000 were retired.

COMARCO, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS—(Continued)

goodwill, it was determined that the goodwill attributable to the acquisition of the Company’s Call Box business was impaired in total.

The following table presents goodwill by reportable segment (in thousands):

 

  Mobile
Power Products
  Wireless Test
Solutions
  Call Box  Total

Balance as of January 31, 2006

  $  —    $1,898  $496  $2,394
              ChargeSource®  Wireless Test
Solutions
  Call
Box
  Total

Balance as of January 31, 2007

  $—    $1,898  $496  $2,394  $—    $1,898  $496  $2,394
                        

Balance as of January 31, 2008

  $—    $1,898  $—    $1,898
            

COMARCO, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

The following table presents the future expected amortization of the definite-lived intangible assets (in thousands):

 

  Amortization
Expense
  Amortization
Expense

Fiscal year:

    

2008

   296

2009

   178  $178

2010

   178   178

2011

   126   126

2012

   42   43

2013

   —  

Thereafter

   —     —  
      

Total estimated amortization expense

  $820  $525
      

The Company ceased amortizing goodwill and indefinite-lived intangible assets beginning February 1, 2002 upon adoption of SFAS No. 142. Amortization of definite-lived acquired intangible assets for the years ended January 31, 2008, 2007, 2006, and 20052006 amounted to $521,000, $521,000,$0.3 million, $0.5 million, and $550,000,$0.5 million, respectively.

During fiscal 2008, 2007, and 2006, the Company acquired $0, $85,000, and $283,000$0.3 million in license rights related to mobile phone technologies, respectively. During fiscal 2005, the Company acquired $102,000 in license rights related to mobile phone technologies. Additionally, the Company recognized $456,000 of intellectual property rights through the purchase of 66,000 minority shares of CWT.

The useful lives of the license rights related to mobile phone technologies are based upon the term of the underlying agreement and range from 1 to 4 years. The useful life of the intellectual property rights acquired through the purchase of minority interests is seven years and is based upon the life of CWT’s core technology as evaluated by a qualified third party.technology.

 

12.13.Accrued Liabilities

Accrued liabilities consist of the following (in thousands):

 

   January 31,
   2007  2006

Accrued payroll and related expenses

  $2,105  $2,991

Uninvoiced receipts

   1,989   4,237

Accrued legal and professional fees

   554   505

Accrued federal and state income taxes

   562   590

Current portion of deferred rent

   175   —  

Accrued travel expenses

   101   118

Accrued temporary labor

   28   27

Due to SwissQual

   93   450

Other

   652   406
        
  $6,259  $9,324
        

COMARCO, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS—(Continued)

   January 31,
   2008  2007

Accrued payroll and related expenses

  $1,811  $2,105

Uninvoiced materials and services received

   1,719   1,989

Accrued legal and professional fees

   557   554

Accrued federal and state income taxes

   —     562

Current portion of deferred rent

   193   175

Accrued travel expenses

   139   101

Accrued temporary labor

   29   28

SwissQual revenue sharing

   108   93

Accrued sales tax

   83   61

Amounts payable to contract manufacturer

   707   —  

Other

   359   591
        
  $5,705  $6,259
        

 

13.14.Warranty Arrangements

Standard Warranty

The Company records an accrual for estimated warranty costs for its ChargeSource® and call boxCall Box businesses as products are sold. Warranty costs are estimated based on periodic analysis of historical experience. Changes in the estimated warranty accruals are recorded when the change in estimate is identified. A summary of the standard warranty accrual activity is shown in the table below (in thousands):

 

  January 31,   January 31, 
  2007 2006 2005   2008 2007 2006 

Beginning balance

  $172  $177  $282   $344  $172  $177 

Accruals for warranties issued during the period

   1,050   947   450    195   1,050   947 

Utilization

   (878)  (952)  (555)   (435)  (878)  (952)
                    
  $344  $172  $177   $104  $344  $172 
                    

COMARCO, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

During the first quarter of fiscal 2006, the Company made an additional warranty accrual in the amount of $0.3 million, to accrue for estimated costs related to a limited number of ChargeSource® 70-watt AC adapters that may fail prematurely. The Company completed replacing all of the units returned relating to this issue in the fourth quarter of fiscal 2006, and eliminated the unused portion of the accrual, totaling $150,000.$150,000 at that time.

Embedded Post Contract Support and Warranty

The Company defers revenue relating to its WTS product sales for post contract support and warranty for the term of the maintenance commitment made at the time of the sale, generally one year. A summary of the post contract support and warranty activity is shown in the table below (in thousands):

 

  January 31,   January 31, 
  2007 2006 2005   2008 2007 2006 

Beginning balance

  $1,477  $809  $598   $551  $1,477  $809 

Deferral of revenue

   1,500   2,274   1,534    444   1,500   2,274 

Amortization of deferral

   (2,426)  (1,606)  (1,323)

Amortization of deferred revenue

   (795)  (2,426)  (1,606)
                    
  $551  $1,477  $809   $200  $551  $1,477 
                    

Extended Post Contract Support and Warranty

Revenue for the Company’s WTS extended post contract support and warranty contracts is deferred and recognized on a straight line basis over the contract period, typically one to four years. Costs incurred under separately priced extended warranty arrangements are expensed as incurred. A summary of the extended post contract support and warranty activity is shown in the table below (in thousands):

 

   January 31, 
   2007  2006  2005 

Beginning balance

  $2,239  $1,108  $1,904 

Recognition of revenue

   (1,363)  (1,023)  (1,690)

Deferral of revenue for new contracts

   2,076   2,154   894 
             
  $2,952  $2,239  $1,108 
             

COMARCO, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS—(Continued)

   January 31, 
   2008  2007  2006 

Beginning balance

  $2,952  $2,239  $1,108 

Recognition of revenue

   (1,174)  (1,363)  (1,023)

Deferral of revenue for new contracts

   660   2,076   2,154 
             
  $2,438  $2,952  $2,239 
             

 

14.15.Income Taxes

Income taxestax (benefit) expense from continuing operations consist of the following amounts (in thousands):

 

  Years Ended January 31,   Years Ended January 31,
  2007  2006  2005   2008 2007  2006

Federal:

           

Current

  $245  $144  $(393)  $(550) $245  $144

Deferred

   53   —     2,508    (53)  53   —  

State:

           

Current

   27   57   (57)   19   27   57

Deferred

   6   —     368    (6)  6   —  

Foreign:

           

Current

   19   —     —      —     19   —  
                   
  $350  $201  $2,426   $(590) $350  $201
                   

COMARCO, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

The effective income tax rate on loss from continuing operations differs from the United States statutory income tax rates for the reasons set forth in the table below (dollars in thousands).

 

   Years Ended January 31, 
   2007  2006  2005 
   Amount  Percent
Pretax
Income
  Amount  Percent
Pretax
Income
  Amount  Percent
Pretax
Income
 

Income (loss) from continuing operations before income taxes and discontinued operations

  $2,127  100% $6,577  100% $(7,955) 100%

Computed “expected” tax on income (loss) from continuing operations before income taxes

   723  34.0%  2,236  34.0%  (2,705) (34.0)%

State tax, net of federal benefit

   91  4.3   283  4.3   (269) (3.4)

Research and MIC credits

   (565) (26.6)  (127) (1.9)  (501) (6.3)

Change in valuation allowance

   806  37.9   (2,742) (41.7)  6,256  78.6 

Receivable account adjustment

   —    —     —    —     (446) (5.6)

Permanent differences

   121  5.7   123  1.9   —    —   

Return to provision adjustments

   (466) (21.9)  332  5.0   —    —   

Establish deferred tax liability

   59  2.8   —    —     —    —   

Release of reserves due to current period events

   (490) (23.0)  —    —     —    —   

Foreign taxes paid

   19  0.9   —    —     —    —   

AMT taxes accrued or paid

   —    —     201  3.1   —    —   

Other, net

   52  2.4   (105) (1.6)  91  1.2 
                      

Income tax expense

  $350  16.5% $201  3.1% $2,426  30.5%
                      

The receivable account adjustment in fiscal 2005 relates to the third quarter tax benefit of $446,000 due to the generation of refund claims created upon completion of the Company’s fiscal 2004 corporate tax returns in the third quarter.

   Years Ended January 31, 
   2008  2007  2006 
   Amount  Percent
Pretax
Income
  Amount  Percent
Pretax
Income
  Amount  Percent
Pretax
Income
 

Income (loss) from continuing operations before income taxes and discontinued operations

  $(10,574) 100% $2,127  100% $6,577  100%
                      

Computed “expected” income tax (benefit) on income (loss) from continuing operations before income taxes

  $(3,595) (34.0%) $723  34.0% $2,236  34.0%

State tax, net of federal benefit

   (455) (4.3)  91  4.3   283  4.3 

Research and MIC credits

   (104) (1.0)  (565) (26.6)  (127) (1.9)

Change in valuation allowance

   3,387  32.0   806  37.9   (2,742) (41.7)

Permanent differences

   101  1.0   121  5.7   123  1.9 

Return to provision adjustments

   93  0.9   (466) (21.9)  332  5.0 

Establish (eliminate) deferred tax liability

   (59) (0.6)  59  2.8   —    —   

Release of reserves due to current period events

   —    —     (490) (23.0)  —    —   

Foreign taxes paid

   —    —     19  0.9   —    —   

AMT taxes accrued or paid

   —    —     —    —     201  3.1 

Other, net

   42  0.4   52  2.4   (105) (1.6)
                      

Income tax (benefit) expense

  $(590) (5.6%) $350  16.5% $201  3.1%
                      

COMARCO, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS—(Continued)STATEMENTS

 

The tax effects of temporary differences that give rise to significant portions of the deferred tax assets and liabilities at January 31, 20072008 and 20062007 are as follows (in thousands):

 

   January 31, 
   2007  2006 

Deferred tax assets:

   

Accounts receivable

  $46  $144 

Inventory

   339   912 

Property and equipment, principally due to differing depreciation methods

   483   —   

Employee benefits, principally due to accrual for financial reporting purposes

   252   882 

Accrued liabilities for financial reporting purposes

   586   155 

Research and manufacturer investment credit carryforwards

   1,207   1,282 

Net operating losses

   —     280 

AMT credit carryforwards

   295   184 

Sale of SwissQual—basis difference

   56   111 

Deferred rent

   84   —   

FAS 123R deferred compensation

   212   —   

Deferred revenue

   727   42 

Other

   292   136 
         

Total gross deferred tax assets

   4,579   4,128 

Less valuation allowance

   (4,330)  (3,514)
         

Net deferred tax assets

  $249  $614 
         

Deferred tax liabilities:

   

Software development costs

  $104  $549 

Property and equipment, principally due to differing depreciation methods

   —     65 

Deferred revenue for extended warranty contracts

   145   —   

Deferred tax liability—goodwill

   59   —   
         

Total gross deferred tax liabilities

  $308  $614 
         

Net deferred tax liability

  $59  $—   
         

During the second quarter of fiscal 2005, as a result of incurring cumulative losses for a three-year period, the Company established a valuation allowance totaling approximately $2.9 million or the entire deferred tax asset.

   January 31, 
   2008  2007 

Deferred tax assets:

   

Accounts receivable

  $19  $46 

Inventory

   464   339 

Property and equipment, principally due to differing depreciation methods

   231   483 

Employee benefits, principally due to accrual for financial reporting purposes

   531   252 

Accrued liabilities for financial reporting purposes

   259   586 

Net research and manufacturer investment credit carryforwards

   1,583   1,207 

Net operating losses

   2,695   —   

AMT credit carryforwards

   295   295 

Sale of SwissQual – basis difference

   —     56 

Deferred rent

   63   84 

FAS 123R deferred compensation

   430   212 

Deferred revenue

   853   727 

Other

   294   292 
         

Total gross deferred tax assets

   7,717   4,579 

Less valuation allowance

   (7,717)  (4,330)
         

Net deferred tax assets

  $—    $249 
         

Deferred tax liabilities:

   

Software development costs

  $—    $104 

Deferred revenue for extended warranty contracts

   —     145 

Deferred tax liability – goodwill

   —     59 
         

Total gross deferred tax liabilities

  $—    $308 
         

Net deferred tax liability

  $—    $59 
         

The Company has federal and state research and experimentation credit carryforwards of $535,000$0.9 million and $1.1$1.3 million, which expire through 20272028 and indefinitely, respectively. Additionally, for state tax purposes, the Company has a manufacturer investment credit carryforward of $70,000, which expires through 2010. The Company has a net operating loss carryforward of $6.8 million for federal and $9.1 million for state, which expire through 2028 and 2018, respectively.

In assessing the realizability ofprobability that deferred tax assets will benefit future periods, management considers whether it is more likely than not that some portion or all of the deferred tax assets will not be realized. The ultimate realization of deferred tax assets is dependent upon the generation of future taxable income. There was a $4.3$7.7 million valuation allowance for deferred tax assets as of January 31, 2007,2008, an increase of $0.8$3.4 million during the fiscal year, based on management’s overall assessment of risks and uncertainties related to the Company’s future ability to realize, and hence utilize, the deferred tax assets.

A reconciliation of the beginning balance of the Company’s unrecognized tax benefits at the adoption of FIN 48 and the ending amount of unrecognized tax benefit is as follows (in thousands):

   Unrecognized
Tax Benefits

Balance at February 1, 2007

  $592

Additions based on tax positions related to the current year

   —  

Reductions due to lapses of statute of limitations

   —  

Reductions for tax positions of prior years

   —  
    

Balance at January 31, 2008

  $592
    

COMARCO, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS—(Continued)STATEMENTS

 

15.16.Stock Compensation

Comarco, Inc. has stock-based compensation plans under which outside directors and certain employees receive stock options. The employee stock option plans and a director stock option plan provide that officers, key employees, and directors may be granted options to purchase up to 2,704,337 shares of common stock of the Company at not less than 100 percent of the fair market value at the date of grant, unless the optionee is a 10 percent shareholder of the Company, in which case the price must not be less than 110 percent of the fair market value. Figures for these plans reflect a 3-for-2 stock split declared during the year ended January 31, 2001.

The director stock-based compensation plan (the “Director Plan”) expires in December 2010, and the Company’s former employee stock option plan (the “Employee Plan”) expired during May 2005. During December 2005, the Board of Directors approved and adopted a new equity incentive plan (the “2005 Plan”) covering 450,000 shares of common stock. The 2005 Plan was approved by the Company’s shareholders at its annual shareholders’ meeting in June 2006. Under all plans, the options are exercisable in installments determined by the compensation committee of the Company’s Board of Directors; however, no employee option may be exercised prior to one year following the grant of the option. The options granted under the Director Plan and the Employee Planall three plans expire as determined by the committee, but no later than ten years and one week after the date of grant (five years for 10 percent shareholders). The options granted under the 2005 Plan expire as determined by the committee, but no later than ten years after the date of grant (five years for 10 percent shareholders).

Transactions and other information relating to these plans for the three years ended January 31, 20072008 are summarized below:

 

   Outstanding Options
   Number of
Shares
  Weighted-Average
Exercise Price
  Aggregate
Intrinsic Value
(in thousands)

Balance, January 31, 2004

  805,020  $12.77  $371

Options granted

  135,000   8.22  

Options canceled or expired

  (36,000)  9.03  

Options exercised

  (45,000)  5.36  
         

Balance, January 31, 2005

  859,020   12.60   26

Options granted

  42,500   8.18  

Options canceled or expired

  (39,500)  11.69  

Options exercised

  (500)  6.91  
         

Balance, January 31, 2006

  861,520   12.43   683

Options granted

  207,000   10.00  

Options canceled or expired

  (37,750)  8.83  

Options exercised

  (45,000)  9.72  
         

Balance, January 31, 2007

  985,770   12.18  $41
         

COMARCO, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS—(Continued)

   Outstanding Options
  Number of
Shares
  Weighted-
Average
Exercise Price
  Aggregate
Intrinsic Value
(In thousands)

Balance, January 31, 2005

  859,020  12.60  $26
       

Options granted

  42,500  8.18  

Options canceled or expired

  (39,500) 11.69  

Options exercised

  (500) 6.91  
       

Balance, January 31, 2006

  861,520  12.43  $683
       

Options granted

  207,000  10.00  

Options canceled or expired

  (37,750) 8.83  

Options exercised

  (45,000) 9.72  
       

Balance, January 31, 2007

  985,770  12.18  $41
       

Options granted

  92,500  6.27  

Options canceled or expired

  (210,145) 12.51  

Options exercised

  (26,125) 7.74  
       

Balance, January 31, 2008

  842,000  11.59  $—  
         

The following table summarizes information about stock options outstanding at January 31, 2007:2008:

 

  Options Outstanding  Options Exercisable

Range of

Exercise Prices

  Number
Outstanding
  Weighted-Average
Remaining
Contractual Life
  Weighted-Average
Exercise Price
  Number
Exercisable
  Weighted-Average
Exercise Price
  Options Outstanding  Options Exercisable

$ 6.91 to 9.89

  356,500  6.2  $7.92        212,125  $7.80      

Range of
Exercise Prices

Number Outstanding  Weighted-Average
Remaining
Contractual Life
  Weighted-Average
Exercise Price
  Number Exercisable  Weighted-Average
Exercise Price
  387,500  6.1  $7.62  264,750  $7.86

10.43 to 12.41

  265,145  6.7   10.90        130,145   11.39        197,000  7.1   10.76  107,000   11.04

13.21 to 17.50

  221,625  2.3   14.49        221,625   14.49        122,500  2.0   14.32  122,500   14.32

19.33 to 23.67

  142,500  3.3   21.63        142,500   21.63        135,000  2.3   21.72  135,000   21.72
                        

6.91 to 23.67

  985,770  5.0 years   12.18        706,395   13.35      
6.19 to 23.67  842,000  5.1 years   11.59  629,250   12.63
                        

Stock options exercisable at January 31, 2008, 2007, and 2006 were 629,250, 706,395, and 2005 were 706,395, 665,770, and 556,645, respectively, at weighted-average exercise prices of $12.63, $13.35, $13.80, and $14.70,$13.80, respectively. Shares available under the plans for future grants at January 31, 2008, 2007, and 2006 were 204,500, 267,625, and 2005 were 267,625, 8,125, and 81,687, respectively. As of January 31, 2007,2008, the shares available for future grant are under the director stock option plan totaled 625.

COMARCO, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

CWT also has a subsidiary stock option plan. Under this plan, officers and key employees of CWT may be granted options to purchase up to 600,000 shares of common stock of CWT at not less than 100 percent of the fair market value at the date of grant.

As of January 31, 2007,2008, the Company owned all of the 3,353,000 outstanding shares of CWT common stock. The fair market value of the shares and the exercise dates of the options are determined by the compensation committee of the Company’s Board of Directors; however, no option may be exercised prior to one year following the grant of the option. The options expire as determined by the compensation committee, but not later than ten years and one week after the date of grant.

During, fiscal 2008, 2007, 2006, and 20052006 no options were granted under the subsidiary option plan. During fiscal 2008, 2007, and 2006 no options were exercised and, accordingly, no minority interest in earnings was recorded in those years. During fiscal 2005, the Company issued 30,000 shares of CWT stock from the exercise of CWT stock options and acquired 66,000 minority shares of CWT through the issuance of 92,668 shares of Company common stock. Under the purchase method of accounting, the excess price of $456,000 during fiscal 2005 of the minority interest in CWT over the fair value of the proportionate share of the identifiable net assets of CWT has been recognized as definite-lived intangible assets attributable to intellectual property rights. There are 3,000no options outstanding under the subsidiary option plan as of January 31, 2007.2008.

Stock options exercisable under the CWT option plan at January 31, 2008, 2007, and 2006 were 0, 3,000, and 2005 were 3,000, 4,000, and 49,000, respectively, at weighted-average exercise prices of $0, $17.62, $16.52, and $12.34,$16.52, respectively. Shares available under the plan for future grants at January 31, 20072008 were 198,000. The 3,000 stock options outstanding at January 31, 2007 have a remaining contractual life of one month.

COMARCO, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS—(Continued)

 

16.17.Earnings (Loss) Per Share

The Company calculates basic earnings (loss) per share by dividing net income (loss) by the weighted average number of common shares outstanding during the reporting period. Diluted earnings per share reflect the effects of potentially dilutive securities. Since the Company incurred a net loss for the fiscal 2005,year ended January 31, 2008, basic and diluted net loss per share were the same because the inclusion of 11,678 potentially dilutive securities72 potential common shares related to outstanding stock options in the calculation would have been anti-dilutive.antidilutive. The reconciliationsummary of the basic and diluted earnings per share computations is as follows (in thousands, except per share data):

 

  Years Ended January 31,   Years Ended January 31, 
  2007  2006 2005  2008 2007  2006 

Basic:

          

Income (loss) from continuing operations

  $1,777  $6,376  $(10,381)  $(9,984) $1,777  $6,376 

Weighted average shares outstanding

   7,394   7,422   7,327    7,338   7,394   7,422 
                    

Basic earnings (loss) per share from continuing operations

  $0.24  $0.86  $(1.41)  $(1.36) $0.24  $0.86 
                    

Income (loss) from discontinued operations

  $—    $(45) $325   $—    $—    $(45)

Weighted average shares outstanding

   7,394   7,422   7,327    7,338   7,394   7,422 
                    

Basic earnings (loss) per share from discontinued operations

  $0.00  $(0.01) $0.04   $0.00  $0.00  $(0.01)
                    

Net income (loss)

  $1,777  $6,331  $(10,056)  $(9,984) $1,777  $6,331 

Weighted average shares outstanding

   7,394   7,422   7,327    7,338   7,394   7,422 
                    

Basic earnings (loss) per share

  $0.24  $0.85  $(1.37)  $(1.36) $0.24  $0.85 
                    

Diluted:

          

Income (loss) from continuing operations

  $1,777  $6,376  $(10,381)  $(9,984) $1,777  $6,376 

Effect of subsidiary options

   —     —     —      —     —     —   
                    

Income (loss) used in calculation of diluted earnings per share from continuing operations

  $1,777  $6,376  $(10,381)  $(9,984) $1,777  $6,376 
                    

Weighted average shares outstanding

   7,394   7,422   7,327    7,338   7,394   7,422 

Effect of dilutive securities—stock options

   29   15   —   

Effect of dilutive securities – stock options

   —     29   15 
                    

Weighted average shares used in calculation of diluted earnings per share from continuing operations

   7,423   7,437   7,327    7,338   7,423   7,437 
                    

Diluted earnings (loss) per share from continuing operations

  $0.24  $0.86  $(1.41)  $(1.36) $0.24  $0.86 
                    

Income (loss) from discontinued operations

  $—    $(45) $325 

Effect of subsidiary options

   —     —     —   
          

Income (loss) used in calculation of diluted loss per share from discontinued operations

  $—    $(45) $325 
          

Weighted average shares outstanding

   7,394   7,422   7,327 

Effect of dilutive securities—stock options

   —     —     11 
          

Weighted average shares used in calculation of diluted loss per share from discontinued operations

   7,394   7,442   7,338 
          

Diluted earnings (loss) per share from discontinued operations

  $—    $(0.01) $0.04 
          

Net income (loss)

  $1,777  $6,331  $(10,056)

Effect of subsidiary options

   —     —     —   
          

Net income (loss) used in calculation of diluted earnings per share

  $1,777  $6,331  $(10,056)
          

Weighted average shares outstanding

   7,394   7,422   7,327 

Effect of dilutive securities—stock options

   29   15   —   
          

Weighted average shares used in calculation of diluted earnings (loss) per share

   7,423   7,437   7,327 
          

Diluted earnings (loss) per share

  $0.24  $0.85  $(1.37)
          

COMARCO, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS—(Continued)STATEMENTS

   Years Ended January 31, 
  2008  2007  2006 

Income (loss) from discontinued operations

  $—    $—    $(45)

Effect of subsidiary options

   —     —     —   
             

Income (loss) used in calculation of diluted loss per share from discontinued operations

  $—    $—    $(45)
             

Weighted average shares outstanding

   7,338   7,394   7,422 

Effect of dilutive securities – stock options

   —     —     —   
             

Weighted average shares used in calculation of diluted loss per share from discontinued operations

   7,338   7,394   7,442 
             

Diluted earnings (loss) per share from discontinued operations

  $—    $—    $(0.01)
             

Net income (loss)

  $(9,984) $1,777  $6,331 

Effect of subsidiary options

   —     —     —   
             

Net income (loss) used in calculation of diluted earnings per share

  $(9,984) $1,777  $6,331 
             

Weighted average shares outstanding

   7,338   7,394   7,422 

Effect of dilutive securities – stock options

   —     29   15 
             

Weighted average shares used in calculation of diluted earnings (loss) per share

   7,338   7,423   7,437 
             

Diluted earnings (loss) per share

  $(1.36) $0.24  $0.85 
             

 

17.18.Related Party Transactions

On July 31, 2001, the Company acquired an 18 percent equity stake in SwissQual for $1.0 million in cash. Based in Zuchwil, Switzerland, SwissQual is a developer of voice quality systems and software for measuring, monitoring, and optimizing the quality of mobile, fixed, and IP-based voice and data communications. On January 24, 2006, the Company sold its 18 percent minority interest in SwissQual (see Note 4)5).

Revenue recorded related to SwissQual for the years ended January 31, 2008, 2007, and 2006 and 2005 totaled $70,000, $2.5 million, $8.8 million, and $6.6$8.8 million, respectively. Accounts receivable balances due from SwissQual at January 31, 2008, 2007, and 2006 were $37,000, $1.2 million, and $2.3 million, respectively. Additionally, revenue attributable to shipments to SwissQual was deferred until receipt of payment through January 31, 2005.

During the second quarter of fiscal 2004, the Company entered into a revenue sharing agreement with SwissQual whereby SwissQual receives 10% of the revenue on all Seven.Five product sales, less associated hardware costs. At January 31, 2008, 2007, and 2006, the Company had accrued $0.1 million, $93,000, and $450,000,$0.5 million, respectively, relating to amounts payable to SwissQual under the revenue sharing agreement. During fiscal 2008, 2007, and 2006, the Company paid $0.9 million, $1.8 million, and $960,000,$1.0 million, respectively, to SwissQual under the revenue sharing agreement.

 

18.19.Employee Benefit Plans

The Company has a Savings and Retirement Plan (the “Plan”) that provides benefits to eligible employees. Under the Plan, as restated effective January 1, 2001, employees are eligible to participate on the first of the month following 30 days of employment, provided they are at least 18 years of age, by contributing between 1 percent and 20 percent of pre-tax earnings. Company contributions match employee contributions at levels as specified in the Plan document. In addition, the Company may contribute a portion of its net profits as determined by the Board of Directors. Company contributions, which consist of matching contributions, with respect to the Plan for the years ended January 31, 2008, 2007, and 2006 and 2005 were each approximately $438,000, $412,000, and $389,000, respectively.$0.4 million. During fiscal 2005,2008, the Company made matching contributions of $78,000$93,000 through forfeited matching funds previously contributed to the plan.

The Company has obligations to match employee contributions made to the Company’s savings and retirement plan. Generally, the Company’s obligation is equal to 100 percent of up to 5 percent of employees’ contribution amounts. If the Company is unable to meet the requisite matching, the Company’s Savings and Retirement Plan may need to be amended.

The Company also maintains a non-qualified deferred compensation plan funded by Company executives and directors. See Note 2 for further discussion.

COMARCO, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

 

19.20.Supplemental Disclosures of Cash Flow Information and Noncash Investing and Financing Activities

 

  Years Ended January 31,  Years Ended January 31,
      2007          2006          2005     2008  2007  2006
  (In thousands) (In thousands)

Cash paid during the year for:

            

Interest

  $2  $ —    $2  $7  $2  $—  

Income taxes

   215   3   110  $737  $215  $3

In the first quarter of fiscal 2008, 16,125 stock options were exercised as net cashless exercises and therefore no cash was received upon exercise. The number of shares of Company common stock issued totaled 2,671.

In the first quarter of fiscal 2007, 45,000 stock options were exercised as net cashless exercises and therefore no cash was received upon exercise. The number of shares of Company common stock issued totaled 7,525.

The fiscal 2007 purchases of property and equipment includesinclude approximately $852,000$0.9 million of expenditures related to leasehold improvements at the Company’s new corporate offices, which were reimbursed by the landlord.

COMARCO, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS—(Continued)

In fiscal 2005, the Company issued 92,668 shares of the Company’s common stock with a fair value of $704,000 in connection with the purchase of CWT shares held by minority interests.

 

20.21.Business Segment Information

The Company has three reportable operating segments: wireless test solutions, call box,ChargeSource®, Wireless Test Solutions, and Call Box.

ChargeSource® designs and manufactures mobile power products.products for notebook computers, cellular telephones, BlackBerry® smartphones, iPods®, and other handheld devices.

Wireless test solutionsTest Solutions designs and manufactures hardware and software tools for use by wireless carriers, equipment vendors, and others.service providers. Radio frequency engineers, professionalnetwork improvement professionals, and technicians and others use these tools to design, deploy, and optimize wireless networks, and to verify the performance of the wireless networks once deployed.

The call box segmentCall Box designs and manufactures call box systemsboxes that provide emergency communication over existing wireless networks. In addition, the call box segment provides system installation and long-term maintenance services. As of January 31, 2007,2008, the Company services and maintains approximately 10,8009,200 call boxes under long-term agreements.

The mobile power products segment designs and manufactures mobile power products for notebook computers, cellular telephones, PDAs, and other handheld devices.

Performance measurement and resource allocation for the reportable segments are based on many factors. The primary financial measures used are revenue and gross profit. The revenue, gross profit, gross margin, income (loss) from continuing operations before income taxes, and total assets attributable to these segments are as follows (in thousands):

 

  Year Ended January 31, 2007   Year Ended January 31, 2008 
  Mobile Power
Products
 Wireless Test
Solutions
 Call Box Corporate  Total  ChargeSource® Wireless Test
Solutions
 Call Box Corporate  Total 

Revenue

  $16,745  $15,307  $15,724  $—    $47,776   $5,434  $6,657  $11,109  $—    $23,200 

Cost of revenue

   11,901   6,486   11,227   —     29,614    7,329   3,461   6,584   —     17,374 
                                

Gross profit

  $4,844  $8,821  $4,497  $—    $18,162 

Gross profit (loss)

  $(1,895) $3,196  $4,525  $—    $5,826 
                                

Gross margin

   28.9%  57.6%  28.6%  —     38.0%   (34.9)%  48.0%  40.7%  —     25.1%
                                

Income (loss) from continuing operations before income taxes

  $(396) $(227) $1,987  $763  $2,127   $(8,671) $(4,469) $1,901  $665  $(10,574)
                                

Total assets

  $4,615  $10,861  $8,181  $27,756  $51,413   $3,320  $7,108  $4,047  $18,106  $32,581 
                                
  Year Ended January 31, 2006 
  Mobile Power
Products
 Wireless Test
Solutions
 Call Box Corporate  Total 

Revenue

  $12,303  $24,534  $10,041  $—    $46,878 

Cost of revenue

   10,548   12,895   6,469   —     29,912 
                

Gross profit

  $1,755  $11,639  $3,572  $—    $16,966 
                

Gross margin

   14.3%  47.4%  35.6%  —     36.2%
                

Income (loss) from continuing operations before income taxes

  $(3,469) $8,198  $1,681  $167  $6,577 
                

Total assets

  $5,013  $13,775  $6,834  $27,183  $52,805 
                

COMARCO, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS—(Continued)STATEMENTS

 

  Year Ended January 31, 2005   Year Ended January 31, 2007 
  Mobile Power
Products
 Wireless Test
Solutions
 Call Box Corporate  Total  ChargeSource® Wireless Test
Solutions
 Call Box Corporate  Total 

Revenue

  $5,788  $16,840  $6,595  $—    $29,223   $16,745  $15,307  $15,724  $—    $47,776 

Cost of revenue

   6,163   10,283   4,462   —     20,908    11,901   6,486   11,227   —     29,614 
                                

Gross profit (loss)

  $(375) $6,557  $2,133  $—    $8,315 

Gross profit

  $4,844  $8,821  $4,497  $—    $18,162 
                                

Gross margin

   (6.5)%  38.9%  32.3%  —     28.5%   28.9%  57.6%  28.6%  —     38.0%
                                

Income (loss) from continuing operations before income taxes

  $(4,339) $(4,339) $606  $117  $(7,955)  $(396) $(227) $1,987  $763  $2,127 
                                

Total assets

  $5,458  $16,813  $3,720  $14,235  $40,226   $4,615  $10,861  $8,181  $27,756  $51,413 
                                
  Year Ended January 31, 2006 
ChargeSource® Wireless Test
Solutions
 Call Box Corporate  Total 

Revenue

  $12,303  $24,534  $10,041  $—    $46,878 

Cost of revenue

   10,548   12,895   6,469   —     29,912 
                

Gross profit

  $1,755  $11,639  $3,572  $—    $16,966 
                

Gross margin

   14.3%  47.4%  35.6%  —     36.2%
                

Income (loss) from continuing operations before income taxes

  $(3,469) $8,198  $1,681  $167  $6,577 
                

Total assets

  $5,013  $13,775  $6,834  $27,183  $52,805 
                

Revenue by geographic area consisted of the following (in thousands):

 

  Years Ended January 31,  Years Ended January 31,
  2007  2006  2005 2008  2007  2006

North America

  $38,570  $31,718  $15,415  $19,038  $38,570  $31,718

Europe

   6,311   12,022   7,168   2,303   6,311   12,022

Asia—Pacific

   724   283   350

Asia – Pacific

   873   724   283

Latin America

   2,171   2,855   6,290   986   2,171   2,855
                  
  $47,776  $46,878  $29,223  $23,200  $47,776  $46,878
                  

Long-lived assets outside of North America were not significant at January 31, 2008, 2007, 2006, and 2005.2006.

The Company sells its products to wireless carriers, equipment vendors, and other customers located throughout the world. In fiscal 2008, 2007, 2006, and 2005,2006, the Company derived 82 percent, 81 percent, 68 percent, and 5368 percent of its revenue, respectively, from customers in the United States and 18 percent, 19 percent, 32 percent, and 4732 percent, respectively, from customers in foreign countries, as determined by the “ship to” address. The sharp increase inAlthough the percentage of salesCompany ships products to foreign countries, during fiscal 2005 is due to the increase inall sales of the WTS business, which is mostly to foreign countries, coupled with the decline in sales of the mobile power products business, which historically has been predominately soldare recorded in the United States. In fiscal 2005,States and such sales to Brazil accounted for $5.6 million, or 19.3 percent of total revenue.are not considered foreign source income.

COMARCO, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

 

21.22.Commitments and Contingencies

Rental commitments under non-cancelable operating leases, principally on the Company’s office space and equipment, were $1.8$1.5 million at January 31, 2007,2008, payable as follows (in thousands):

 

   Operating
Leases

Fiscal Year:

  

2008

   466

2009

   401

2010

   398

2011

   379

2012

   221
    

Total minimum lease payments

  $1,865
    

COMARCO, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS—(Continued)

   Operating
Leases

Fiscal Year:

  

2009

  $491

2010

   430

2011

   386

2012

   221

2013

   —  
    

Total minimum lease payments

  $1,528
    

Certain of the rental commitments are subject to increases based on the change in the Consumer Price Index. Rental expense for the years ended January 31, 2008, 2007, and 2006 and 2005 was $0.9 million, $1.0 million, $0.8 million, and $0.9$0.8 million, respectively.

Purchase Commitments with Suppliers

The Company generally issues purchase orders to its suppliers with delivery dates from four to six weeks from the purchase order date. In addition, the Company regularly provides significant suppliers with rolling six-month forecasts of material and finished goods requirements for planning and long-lead time parts procurement purposes only. The Company is committed to accept delivery of materials pursuant to its purchase orders subject to various contract provisions that allow it to delay receipt of such order or allow it to cancel orders beyond certain agreed lead times. Such cancellations may or may not include cancellation costs payable by the Company. In the past, the Company has been required to take delivery of materials from its suppliers that were in excess of its requirements and the Company has previously recognized charges and expenses related to such excess material. If the Company is unable to adequately manage its suppliers and adjust such commitments for changes in demand, it may incur additional inventory expenses related to excess and obsolete inventory. Such expenses could have a material adverse effect on the Company’s business, results of operations, and financial position. The Company’s fixed purchase commitments at January 31, 20072008 totaled $0.5$5.3 million.

Employer Matching Contribution to the Company’s Savings and Retirement Plan

The Company has obligations to match employee contributions made to the Company’s savings and retirement plan. Generally, the Company’s obligation is equal to 100 percent of up to 5 percent of employees’ contribution amounts. If the Company is unable to meet the requisite matching, the Company’s Savings and Retirement Plan may need to be amended.

Executive Severance Commitments

The Company has entered into severance compensation agreements with threeseveral key executives. These agreements require the Company to pay these executives, in the event of a termination of employment following a change of control of the Company, approximately 12 months of their then current annual base salary and up to twice the amount of any bonus amount the executive would have achieved for the current year. The exact amount of this contingent obligation is not known and accordingly has not been recorded in the consolidated financial statements.

Letter of Credit

In May 2006, the Company obtained a $500,000$0.5 million letter of credit from US Bank pursuant to a lease provision for its new corporate offices to which the Company relocated on August 28, 2006. On November 6, 2007, the letter of credit was reduced to $250,000 pursuant to the provisions of the lease. The letter of credit is secured by a certificate of deposit with a 6-month maturity, which is reflected as restricted cash on the consolidated balance sheet.

COMARCO, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

Legal Contingencies

On June 8, 2007, Mobility Electronics, Inc. (“Mobility”) sued the Company alleging that two Mobility patents are infringed by the mechanical keying arrangement between power adapters and programming tips used by the Company in its mobile power products sold through its distributors. The Company has denied liability and countersued alleging that Mobility has breached a Settlement Agreement entered into between the parties in 2003 to settle a previous patent infringement suit, and that Mobility is liable for infringement of at least one of the Company’s patents, by effectively sub-licensing a third party to manufacture and sell power adapter products and accessories covered by the patent. Mobility has denied liability and amended its claims to further allege that the Company breached the Settlement Agreement by asserting claims against Mobility because its activities are permissible under the Settlement Agreement. On November 29, 2007, the Company filed its Answer, Defenses, and Counterclaims. On March 5, 2008, both parties attended mediation before a retired U.S. district court judge, which did not lead to a settlement. However, the parties may continue the mediation within a month or two. Trial is set for July 2009.

On November 30, 2007, SwissQual filed a lawsuit against the Company alleging fraud, intentional interference with prospective economic advantage, breach of contract, trademark infringement, unfair competition, trade secret misappropriation and seeking declaratory relief relating to the December 15, 2005 Distribution and Sales Agreement between the parties.

The Company answered SwissQual’s complaint and denied any and all liability to SwissQual and denied that SwissQual is entitled to any of the relief sought in its complaint. In addition, the Company asserted counterclaims against SwissQual alleging breach of contract, breach of the covenant of good faith and fair dealing, trade secret misappropriation, intentional interference with prospective economic advantage, negligent interference with prospective economic advantage, unfair competition, conversion, unjust enrichment/restitution, an accounting for money owed due to SwissQual’s misconduct and seeking declaratory relief relating to SwissQual’s failure to comply with its support obligations, indemnity, and trademark ownership. SwissQual has informed the Court that it will be amending its complaint. Discovery has not yet commenced and the trial date has been set for February 10, 2009.

The matters described above are in the very early stages and the outcome of these matters is neither determinable nor estimable. The Company believes it has meritorious defenses to the matters described above and intends to vigorously defend these actions. In addition to the pending matters described above, the Company is from time to time involved in various legal proceedings incidental to the conduct of its business. The Company believes that the outcome of all such pending legal proceedings will not in the aggregate have a material adverse effect on its consolidated results of operations and financial position.

23.Subsequent Event

The Company’s former President and Chief Executive Officer left the Company effective March 10, 2008. In conjunction with his departure the Company and he entered into a separation and release agreement whereby he was paid approximately $0.7 million.

COMARCO, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS—(Continued)STATEMENTS

 

22.Subsequent Events

On March 13, 2007, the Company declared a special dividend of $1.00 per share on its common stock. The special dividend was paid on April 23, 2007 to shareholders of record on April 5, 2007. The amount paid was approximately $7.4 million.

23.24.Quarterly Financial Data (Unaudited)

Unaudited summarized financial data by quarter for 20072008 and 20062007 are as follows (in thousands, except per share data):

 

   

Year ended January 31, 2007

Fiscal Year Quarters

   First  Second  Third  Fourth

Revenue

  $10,555  $12,972  $11,403  $12,846

Gross profit

   3,531   4,726   3,906   5,999

Operating income (loss)

   (865)  21   (903)  1,246

Income (loss) from continuing operations

   (575)  242   (650)  2,760

Discontinued operations

   —     —     —     —  

Net income (loss)

   (575)  242   (650)  2,760
                

Basic and diluted income (loss) per share:

      

Income (loss) from continuing operations

  $(0.08) $0.03  $(0.09) $0.38

Discontinued operations

   —     —     —     —  
                

Net income (loss)

  $(0.08) $0.03  $(0.09) $0.38
                

  Year Ended January 31, 2008
Fiscal Year Quarters
 
First Second Third Fourth 

Revenue

  $5,415  $5,919  $5,015  $6,851 

Gross profit

   2,179   1,808   1,126   713 

Operating loss

   (2,178)  (2,707)  (3,656)  (5,172)

Net loss

   (1,615)  (2,220)  (2,581)  (3,567)
             

Basic and diluted loss per share:

     

Net loss

  $(0.22) $(0.30) $(0.35) $(0.49)
             
  

Year ended January 31, 2006

Fiscal Year Quarters

  Year Ended January 31, 2007 Fiscal Year
Quarters
 
  First Second Third Fourth First Second Third Fourth 

Revenue

  $7,962  $11,134  $13,574  $14,208  $10,555  $12,972  $11,403  $12,846 

Gross profit

   2,437   4,065   5,212   5,252   3,531   4,726   3,906   5,999 

Operating income (loss)

   (1,575)  303   568   498   (865)  21   (903)  1,246 

Income (loss) from continuing operations

   (1,518)  366   613   6,915

Discontinued operations

   (3)  (39)  (3)  —  

Net income (loss)

   (1,521)  327   610   6,915   (575)  242   (650)  2,760 
                         

Basic and diluted income (loss) per share:

          

Income (loss) from continuing operations

  $(0.20) $0.04  $0.08  $0.93

Discontinued operations

   —     —     —     —  
            

Net income (loss)

  $(0.20) $0.04  $0.08  $0.93  $(0.08) $0.03  $(0.09) $0.38 
                         

ITEM 9.CHANGES IN AND DISAGREEMENTS WITH ACCOUNTANTS ON ACCOUNTING AND FINANCIAL DISCLOSURE

None.

 

ITEM 9A.9A. CONTROLS AND PROCEDURES

Evaluation of Disclosure Controls and Procedures

We maintain disclosure controls and procedures that are designed to ensure that information required to be disclosed in the periodic reports that we file or submit with the SEC under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 is recorded, processed, summarized, and reported within the time periods specified in the rules and forms of the SEC, and that such information is accumulated and communicated to our management, including our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, as appropriate, to allow timely decisions regarding required disclosure.

Our management, with the participation of our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, evaluated the effectiveness of our disclosure controls and procedures as of the period covered by this report on Form 10-K. Based upon this evaluation, our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer have concluded that our disclosure controls and procedures were effective as of the end of the period covered by this report on Form 10-K.

Changes in Internal Control Over Financial Reporting

During the fourth quarter of the fiscal year ended January 31, 2007,2008, there have been no changes in our internal control over financial reporting that have materially affected, or are reasonably likely to materially affect, our internal control over financial reporting.

Management’s Report on Internal Control over Financial Reporting

Our management is responsible for establishing and maintaining adequate internal control over financial reporting, as it is defined in the Securities Exchange Act of 1934. The Company’s internal control over financial reporting is a process designed under the supervision of the Company’s principal executive officer and principal financial officer, and effected by the Company’s Board of Directors, management, and other personnel. These internal controls are designed to provide reasonable assurance that the reported financial information is presented fairly and in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America, that disclosures are adequate, and that the judgments inherent in the preparation of financial statements are reasonable. There are inherent limitations in the effectiveness of any system of internal control, including the possibility of human error and overriding of controls. Consequently, an effective internal control system can only provide reasonable, not absolute, assurance with respect to reporting financial information. Also, projections of any evaluation of the effectiveness of the internal control over financial reporting to future periods are subject to the risk that the controls may become inadequate because of changes in conditions, or that the degree of compliance with the policies or procedures may deteriorate.

Our internal control over financial reporting includes policies and procedures that (1) pertain to the maintenance of records that, in reasonable detail, accurately and fairly reflect the transactions and dispositions of the assets of the Company; (2) provide reasonable assurance that transactions are recorded as necessary to permit preparation of financial statements in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America, and that receipts and expenditures of the Company are being made only in accordance with authorizations of management and directors of the Company; and (3) provide reasonable assurance regarding prevention or timely detection of unauthorized acquisition, use, or disposition of the Company’s assets that could have a material effect on the financial statements.

Management conducted an evaluation of the effectiveness of our internal control over financial reporting based on the framework and criteria established in Internal Control – Integrated Framework, issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission. Based on this evaluation, management concluded that our internal control over financial reporting was effective as of January 31, 2008.

This annual report does not include an attestation report of our independent registered public accounting firm regarding internal control over financial reporting. Management’s report was not subject to attestation by our independent registered public accounting firm pursuant to temporary rules of the Securities and Exchange Commission that permit us to provide only management’s report in this annual report.

 

ITEM 9B.9B. OTHER INFORMATION

None.

PART III

ITEM 10.    DIRECTORS, EXECUTIVE OFFICERS, AND CORPORATE GOVERNANCE

ITEM 10.DIRECTORS, EXECUTIVE OFFICERS, AND CORPORATE GOVERNANCE

The information required by this Item 10 is included in the Company’s definitive proxy statement for its fiscal 20072008 annual meeting of shareholders to be held on June 12, 200724, 2008 and is incorporated herein by reference.

ITEM 11.    EXECUTIVE COMPENSATION

ITEM 11.EXECUTIVE COMPENSATION

The information required by this Item 11 is included in the Company’s definitive proxy statement for its fiscal 20072008 annual meeting of shareholders to be held on June 12, 200724, 2008 and is incorporated herein by reference.

 

ITEM 12.SECURITY OWNERSHIP OF CERTAIN BENEFICIAL OWNERS AND MANAGEMENT AND RELATED STOCKHOLDER MATTERS

The information required by this Item 12 is included in the Company’s definitive proxy statement for its fiscal 20072008 annual meeting of shareholders to be held on June 12, 200724, 2008 and is incorporated herein by reference.

 

ITEM 13.CERTAIN RELATIONSHIPS AND RELATED TRANSACTIONS, AND DIRECTOR INDEPENDENCE

The information required by this Item 13 is included in the Company’s definitive proxy statement for its fiscal 20072008 annual meeting of shareholders to be held on June 12, 200724, 2008 and is incorporated herein by reference.

ITEM 14.    PRINCIPAL ACCOUNTANT FEES AND SERVICES

ITEM 14.PRINCIPAL ACCOUNTANT FEES AND SERVICES

The information required by this Item 14 is included in the Company’s definitive proxy statement for its fiscal 20072008 annual meeting of shareholders to be held on June 12, 200724, 2008 and is incorporated herein by reference.

PART IV

 

ITEM 15.EXHIBITS AND FINANCIAL STATEMENT SCHEDULES

 

(a) 1. Financial Statements (See Item 8)

 2.Financial Statement Schedule:

The following additional information for the years ended January 31, 2008, 2007, and 2006 is submitted herewith:

II Valuation and Qualifying Accounts

All other schedules are omitted because the required information is not present in amounts sufficient to require submission of the schedule or because the information required is included in the consolidated financial statements or the notes thereto.

3.Exhibits

The following additional information for the years ended January 31, 2007, 2006, and 2005 is
submitted herewith:
II      Valuation and Qualifying Accounts
All other schedules are omitted because the required information is not present in amounts
sufficient to require submission of the schedule or because the information required is included in the
consolidated financial statements or the notes thereto.
3.Exhibits
3.1 Articles of Incorporation. The Articles of Incorporation are incorporated herein by reference from the Company’s report on Form 10-Q filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on December 12, 2000.
3.2 By-Laws. The Restated By-Laws are incorporated herewith. On April 10, 2007, changes were made toherein by reference from the By-Laws in Article IV, Section 3Company’s report on Form 8-K filed with the Securities and Section 4.Exchange Commission on March 13, 2008.
3.3 Certificate of Determination of Series A Participating Preferred Stock. The Certificate of Determination is incorporated herein by reference from the Company’s Registration Statement on Form 8-A filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on February 6, 2003.

 4.Instruments defining the rights of security holders

4.1 Rights Agreement, dated February 5, 2003, between Comarco, Inc. and U.S. Stock Transfer Corporation, as rights agent. The Rights Agreement is incorporated herein by reference from the Company’s Registration Statement on Form 8-A filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on February 6, 2003.
4.2 Amendment to the Rights Agreement, dated February 28, 2006. The Amendment is incorporated herein by reference from the Company’s report on Form 8-K filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on February 28, 2006.

10.Material Contracts

10.Material Contracts
10.1 1982 Stock Option Plan. The restated 1982 Stock Option Plan is incorporated herein by reference from Exhibit C to the Company’s definitive Proxy Materials filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on June 25, 1986.*
10.2 Director Stock Option Plan dated July 1, 1987 is incorporated by reference from the Company’s report on Form 10-K for the year ended January 31, 1988.*

10.3 Nonqualified Employee Stock Option Plan for Comarco Wireless Technologies, Inc. dated August 1994 is incorporated by reference from the Company’s report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended October 30, 1994.*
10.4 1995 Employee Stock Option Plan is incorporated by reference from the Company’s Registration Statement on Form S-8 (File No. 33-63219) filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on October 5, 1995.*

10.5Severance Compensation Agreement dated September 9, 2003 between the Company and Daniel R. Lutz, Vice President and Chief Financial Officer, regarding severance compensation in the event of a change in control of the Company incorporated herein by reference from the Company’s report on Form 10-K for the year ended January 31, 2004.*
10.5 10.6Severance Compensation Agreement dated September 9, 2003 between the Company and Thomas A. Franza, President and Chief Executive Officer, regarding severance compensation in the event of a change in control of the Company2005 Equity Incentive Plan is incorporated herein by reference from Appendix A to the Company’s reportdefinitive Proxy Materials filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on Form 10-K for the year ended January 31, 2004.May 16, 2006. *
10.7Severance Compensation Agreement dated September 9, 2003 between the Company and Peggy Vessell, Vice President and Secretary, regarding severance compensation in the event of a change in control of the Company incorporated herein by reference from the Company’s report on Form 10-K for the year ended January 31, 2004.*
10.810.6 Stock Purchase Agreement dated January 22, 2006 regarding SwissQual Holding AG (“SwissQual) between the Company, Spirent Holding Limited, Spirent plc, and the remaining shareholders of SwissQual. The Stock Purchase Agreement is incorporated herein by reference from the Company’s report on Form 8-K filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on January 25, 2006.
10.7Amended and Restated Severance Compensation Agreement dated June 11, 2007 between the Company and Peggy Vessell-Eoff, Vice President and Secretary, regarding severance compensation in the event of a change in control of the Company is filed herewith. *
10.8Amended and Restated Severance Agreement, dated June 11, 2007, between the Company and Thomas A. Franza is incorporated herein by reference from the Company’s Form 8-K filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on June 15, 2007. *
10.9Amended and Restated Severance Agreement, dated June 11, 2007, between the Company and Daniel R. Lutz is incorporated herein by reference from the Company’s Form 8-K filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on June 15, 2007. *
10.10Amended and Restated Severance Agreement, dated June 11, 2007, between the Company and Thomas W. Lanni is incorporated herein by reference from the Company’s Form 8-K filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on June 15, 2007. *
10.11Amended and Restated Severance Agreement, dated June 11, 2007, between the Company and Fredrik L. Torstensson is incorporated herein by reference from the Company’s Form 8-K filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on June 15, 2007. *
10.12Amended and Restated Severance Agreement, dated June 11, 2007, between the Company and John McMunn is incorporated herein by reference from the Company’s Form 8-K filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on June 15, 2007. *
10.13Amended and Restated Severance Agreement, dated June 11, 2007, between the Company and Mark Chapman is incorporated herein by reference from the Company’s Form 8-K filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on June 15, 2007. *
10.14Severance Compensation Agreement, dated August 28, 2007, between the Company and Alisha Charlton is filed herewith. *
10.15Separation and Release Agreement, dated March 23, 2008, between the Company and Thomas A. Franza is filed herewith. *

21.1 Subsidiaries of the Company
23.1 Consent of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm – BDO Seidman LLP
31.1 Certification of Chief Executive Officer Pursuant to Section 302 of Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002
31.2 Certification of Chief Financial Officer Pursuant to Section 302 of Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002
32.1 Certification of Chief Executive Officer Pursuant to Section 906 of Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002
32.2 Certification of Chief Financial Officer Pursuant to Section 906 of Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002
99.1 Supplement to Registrant’s Registration Statements on Form S-8


*Management contract or executive compensation plan or arrangement.

COMARCO, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

SIGNATURES

Pursuant to the requirements of Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized, on April 30, 2007.2008.

 

COMARCO, INC.

COMARCO, INC.

/s/ THOMAS A. FRANZA        SAMUEL M. INMAN, III

Thomas A. FranzaSamuel M. Inman, III

President and Chief Executive Officer

Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, this report has been signed below by the following persons on behalf of the registrant and in the capacities and on the dates indicated.

 

Signature

  

Title

 

Date

/s/ THOMAS A. FRANZA        SAMUEL M. INMAN, III

Thomas A. FranzaSamuel M. Inman, III

  

President and Chief Executive Officer (Principal Executive Officer), Director

 April 30, 20072008

/s/ DANIEL R. LUTZ        WINSTON E. HICKMAN

Daniel R. LutzWinston E. Hickman

  

Vice President and Chief Financial Officer (Principal Financial and Accounting Officer)

 April 30, 20072008

/s/ DON M. BAILEY        RICHARD T. LEBUHN

Don M. BaileyRichard T. LeBuhn

  

Chairman of the Board, Director

 April 30, 20072008

/s/ GERALDGERALD D. GRIFFIN        GRIFFIN

Gerald D. Griffin

  

Director

 April 30, 20072008

/s/ JEFFREYJEFFREY R. HULTMAN        HULTMAN

Jeffrey R. Hultman

  

Director

 April 30, 20072008

/s/ ERIKVANDER KAAY        ROBERT W. SUNDIUS, JR.

Erik van der KaayRobert W. Sundius, Jr.

  

Director

 April 30, 20072008

COMARCO, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

SCHEDULE II—VALUATION AND QUALIFYING ACCOUNTS

Three Years Ended January 31, 20072008

(In thousands)

 

   Balance at
Beginning of
Year
  Charged to
Cost and
Expense
(Recovery)
  Deductions  Other Changes
Add (Deduct)
  Balance at
End of Year

Allowance for doubtful accounts and provision for unbilled receivables (deducted from accounts receivable):

       

Year ended January 31, 2007

  $558  $90  $(537)(1) $—    $111

Year ended January 31, 2006

  $831  $(273) $—    $—    $558

Year ended January 31, 2005

  $594  $267  $(30)(1) $—    $831

Allowance for deferred tax assets:

       

Year ended January 31, 2007

  $3,514  $59  $—    $757  $4,330

Year ended January 31, 2006

  $6,256  $—    $—    $(2,742) $3,514

Year ended January 31, 2005

  $—    $2,876  $—    $3,380  $6,256

   Balance at
Beginning of
Year
  Charged to
Cost and
Expense
(Recovery)
  Deductions  Other Changes
Add (Deduct)
  Balance at
End of Year

Allowance for doubtful accounts and provision for unbilled receivables (deducted from accounts receivable):

       

Year ended January 31, 2008

  $111  $(3) $(65)(1) $—    $43

Year ended January 31, 2007

  $558  $90  $(537)(1) $—    $111

Year ended January 31, 2006

  $831  $(273) $—    $—    $558

Allowance for deferred tax assets:

       

Year ended January 31, 2008

  $4,330  $(59) $—    $3,446  $7,717

Year ended January 31, 2007

  $3,514  $59  $—    $757  $4,330

Year ended January 31, 2006

  $6,256  $—    $—    $(2,742) $3,514

(1)

Write-off of uncollectible receivables.

 

7976