Table of Contents

UNITED STATES

SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION

Washington, D.C. 20549

Form 10-K

Form 10-K
(Mark One) 
þ

ANNUAL REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF

THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

 For the fiscal year ended April 30, 20122013
OR
¨

TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF

THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

For the transition period fromto

Commission File Number 002-26821

BROWN-FORMAN CORPORATION

(Exact Name of Registrant as Specified in its Charter)

Delaware 61-0143150

(State or Other Jurisdiction of

Incorporation or Organization)

 (IRS Employer Identification No.)

850 Dixie Highway

Louisville, Kentucky

 40210
(Address of Principal Executive Offices) (Zip Code)

Registrant’s telephone number, including area code(502) 585-1100

Securities Registered Pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:

Title of Each Class Name of Each Exchange on Which Registered
Class A Common Stock (voting) $0.15 par value New York Stock Exchange
Class B Common Stock (nonvoting) $0.15 par value New York Stock Exchange

Securities Registered Pursuant to Section 12(g) of the Act: None

Indicate by check mark if the registrant is a well-known seasoned issuer, as defined in Rule 405 of the Securities Act.      Yes  þ     No  ¨

Indicate by check mark if the registrant is not required to file reports pursuant to Section 13 or Section 15(d) of the Act.      Yes  ¨     No  þ

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days.      Yes  þ     No  ¨

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically and posted on its corporate Web site, if any, every Interactive Data File required to be submitted and posted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit and post such files).      Yes  þ     No  ¨

Indicate by check mark if disclosure of delinquent filers pursuant to Item 405 of Regulation S-K is not contained herein, and will not be contained, to the best of registrant’s knowledge, in definitive proxy or information statements incorporated by reference in Part III of this Form 10-K or any amendment to this Form 10-K.    ¨

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, or a smaller reporting company. See the definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer” and “smaller reporting company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.

Large accelerated filer þ
Accelerated filer ¨
Non-accelerated filer ¨
Smaller reporting company ¨
 (Do not check if a smaller reporting company) 

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Act).    Yes¨     No  þ

The aggregate market value, as of the last business day of the most recently completed second fiscal quarter, of the voting and nonvoting equity held by nonaffiliates of the registrant was approximately $6,600,000,000.

$9,400,000,000.

The number of shares outstanding for each of the registrant’s classes of Common Stock on June 18, 201217, 2013 was:

Class A Common Stock (voting)

84,487,04256,297,164

Class B Common Stock (nonvoting)

129,303,32185,860,986

DOCUMENTS INCORPORATED BY REFERENCE

Portions of the Proxy Statement of Registrant for use in connection with the Annual Meeting of Stockholders to be held July 26, 201225, 2013 are incorporated by reference into Part III of this report.


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The Business section and other parts

Table of this Annual Report on Form 10-K contain statements, estimates, projections and other information that constitute “forward-looking statements” as defined under U.S. federal securities laws. ManyContents




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Table of the forward-looking statements are located in “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations.” Forward-looking statements provide current expectations of future events based on certain assumptions, and include any statement that does not directly relate to any historical or current fact. Forward-looking statements can also be identified by words such as “aim,” “anticipate,” “aspire,” “believe,” “envision,” “estimate,” “expect,” “expectation,” “intend,” “may,” “plan,” “potential,” “project,” “pursue,” “see,” “will,” “will continue,” and similar expressions. However, the absence of these words or similar expressions does not mean that a statement is not forward-looking. All statements that address operating performance, events or developments that we expect or anticipate will occur in the future are forward-looking statements. We believe that these forward-looking statements are reasonable as and when made; however, caution should be taken not to place undue reliance on any such forward-looking statements because such statements speak only as of the date when made. In addition, forward-looking statements are subject to certain inherent risks and uncertainties that could cause actual results to differ materially from our historical experience and our present expectations or projections. These risks and uncertainties include, but are not limited to, those described in Part I, “Item 1A. Risk Factors,” which are incorporated herein by reference, and elsewhere in this report and those described from time to time in our future reports filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission. We undertake no obligation to update or revise any forward-looking statements, whether as a result of new information, future events or otherwise, except as required by law.

Contents


PART I

Item 1.    Business

Overview

Brown-Forman Corporation (“we,Brown-Forman,” “Company,” “we,” “us,” or “our” below) was incorporated under the laws of the State of Delaware in 1933, successor to a business founded in 1870 as a partnership and subsequently incorporated under the laws of the Commonwealth of Kentucky in 1901. We primarily manufacture, bottle, import, export, market, and marketsell a wide variety of alcoholic beverage brands.

We are a controlled company under New York Stock Exchange rules, and the Brown family owns a majority of our voting stock.

For additional information on our business, including the matters described below in this item, please see “ItemItem 7. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations”Operations in Part II of this report on Form 10-K.

Brands
Brands

Our principal beverage brands are:

Jack Daniel’s Tennessee Whiskey

  

Chambord Vodka

Pepe Lopez Tequilas

Jack Daniel’s Single Barrel

  

Don Eduardo Tequila

Woodford Reserve Bourbons

Jack Daniel’s Ready-to-Drinks

  

Early Times Bourbon

Jack Daniel’s Tennessee Honey

Early Times Kentucky Whisky

Gentleman Jack

el Jimador Tequilas

Southern Comfort

Herradura Tequilas

Southern Comfort Ready-to-Drinks

Korbel California Champagnes*

Southern Comfort Ready-to-Pours

Maximus Vodka

Southern Comfort Lime

New Mix Ready-to-Drinks

Southern Comfort Fiery Pepper

Old Forester Bourbon

Southern Comfort Bold Cherry

Little Black Dress Vodkas

Finlandia Vodka

Collingwood Whisky

Antiguo Tequila

Pepe Lopez Tequilas

Canadian Mist Blended Canadian Whisky

Whiskies
Jack Daniel’s Tennessee Honey  

Sonoma-Cutrer Wines

Chambord Liqueur

Chambord Liqueur

Jack Daniel’s Winter Jack
  

Chambord Vodka

Gentleman JackCollingwood Canadian Whisky
Southern ComfortEarly Times Bourbon
Southern Comfort Ready-to-DrinksEarly Times flavored line extensions
Southern Comfort flavored line extensionsEarly Times Kentucky Whisky
Finlandia VodkasKorbel California Champagnes*
Finlandia Ready-to-DrinksLittle Black Dress Vodkas
Antiguo TequilaMaximus Vodkas
el Jimador TequilasOld Forester Bourbon
el Jimador New Mix Ready-to-DrinksSonoma-Cutrer Wines
Herradura TequilasTuaca Liqueur

Woodford Reserve Bourbon

*

RepresentedNot owned by Brown-Forman but represented by us in the U.S.United States and other select markets by Brown-Forman

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The most important brand in our portfolio is Jack Daniel’s, which is the fifth-largest premium spirits brand and the largest selling American whiskey brand in the world according to premium spirits volume statistics published in February 20122013 by Impact Databank, a well-known U.S. trade publication. Our other leading global brands are Finlandia, the sixth-largest selling vodka, Southern Comfort, the third-largest selling liqueur, Canadian Mist, the fourth-largest selling Canadian whisky, and el Jimador, the fourth-largest selling tequila, according to the recently published global volume statistics referenced above. We believe the statistics used to rank these products are reasonably accurate.

Strategy

Our

We endeavor to enrich the experience of life by responsibly building beverage alcohol brands that thrive and endure for generations. “Building Forever” is part of our strategic vision - it reflects our long-term perspective and our desire to remain a strong, independent company indefinitely. In the summer of 2010, we introduced our ten-year strategy, is to market high quality products that satisfy the preferencesBrown-Forman 150, focused on driving sustainable growth toward the company’s 150th anniversary. Please see “Our Strategies and Objectives” in Item 7. Management’s Discussion and Analysis for a description of consumers of legal drinking age and to support those products with extensive international, national, and regional marketing programs. These programs are intended to increase consumer brand recognition and brand loyalty.

our specific strategic ambitions.

Trademarks

We own numerous valuable trademarks that are essential to our business. Registrations of trademarks can generally be renewed indefinitely as long as the trademarks are in use. Through licensing arrangements, we have authorized the use of some of our trademarks on promotional items for the primary purpose of enhancing brand awareness.


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Ingredients and Other Supplies

The principal raw materials used in manufacturing and packaging our distilled spirits are corn, rye, malted barley, agave, sugar, glass, cartons, PET (polyethylene terephthalate)terephthalate, used in non-glass containers), labels, and wood for barrels, which are used for storage of whiskey and certain tequilas. A Finnish company distills and bottles Finlandia vodka for us. The principal raw materials used in liqueurs are neutral spirits, sugar, and wine, while the principal raw materials used in our ready-to-drink products are sugar, flavorings, neutral spirits, whiskey, tequila, or malt. Currently, none of these raw materials is in short supply, and there are adequate sources from which they may be obtained, but shortages in some of these can occur.

The principal raw materials used in the production of wines are grapes, packaging materials and wood for wine barrels. Our grape supply comes from a combination of owned vineyards located in California and external contracts with independent growers. We believe that our relationships with our growers are good. From time to time, our agricultural ingredients (corn, agave, and grapes) could be affected by weather and other forces that impact supply.

Due to aging requirements, production of whiskeys, certain tequilas, and other distilled spirits is scheduled to meet demand in the future. Accordingly, our inventories may be larger in relation to sales and total assets than would be normal for most other businesses.

The principal

For additional information on risks related to the availability of raw materials usedand the uncertainty inherent in supply/demand forecasting, please see Item 1A. Risk Factors.
Seasonality
The peak season for our business is the fourth calendar quarter due to holiday buying. Approximately 31% of our net sales for each of the fiscal years ended April 30, 2011, 2012, and 2013, were in the production of wines are grapes, packaging materials and wood for wine barrels. Our grape supply comes from a combination of owned vineyards located in California and external contracts with independent growers; from time to time, our grape costs are adversely affected by weather and other forces that may limit production. We believe that our relationships with our growers are good.

fourth calendar quarter.

Distribution

We use a variety of distribution models across the globe to deliver our products to our customers. In the United States, we sell our brands either to wholesalersdistributors or to state governments that then sell to retail customers and consumers. We own and operate distribution networkscompanies in Australia, Brazil, Canada, China, the Czech Republic, Germany, Korea, Mexico, Poland, Taiwan, and Turkey, where we sell our products either directly to retail stores, to wholesalers, or in Canada, to wholesalers.provincial governments. In the United Kingdom, we partner with another supplier, Bacardi, to sell a combined portfolio of our companies’ brands. In many other markets, including France, Japan, Spain, Italy, Russia, and South Africa we rely on others to distribute our brands.

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Effective January 1, 2014, we plan to begin operating our own distribution company in France.

International Markets

Our mainproducts are sold in more than 150 countries around the world. Our largest international markets include Australia, the United Kingdom, Mexico, Germany, Poland, Germany, France, Russia, Canada, Japan, Turkey, Canada, Spain, Italy, Czech Republic, South Africa, Brazil and Brazil.Italy. Our fiscal 20122013 net sales by geography were as follows:

United States

4241%

Europe

2730%

Rest of the world

Australia
3114%
Other15%

For additional information about net sales in our largest markets, please refer to “Fiscal 2013 Market Highlights” in Part II, Item 7 of this Report on Form 10-K. For information about the Company’s reportable segment and for additional geographic information about net sales and long-lived assets, please refer to Note 15 of the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements in Part II, Item 8 of this Report on Form 10-K.

Competition

The distilled spirits industry is highly competitive. We compete against many global, regional, and local brands in a variety of categories of beverage alcohol, but most of our brands compete primarily in the industry’s premium end.price category. We compete based on taste, product quality, brand image, and price — all in response to consumer preferences.price. While the industry is highly fragmented, other major players include Bacardi Limited, Beam Inc., Constellation Brands, Inc., Davide Campari-Milano S.p.A., Diageo PLC,plc, LVMH Moët Hennessy Louis Vuitton S.A., Pernod Ricard S.A., and Rémy Cointreau S.A.


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Regulatory Environment

The Alcohol and Tobacco Tax and Trade Bureau of the United StatesU.S. Department of the Treasury Department regulates the wine and spirits industry in the United States with respect to production, blending, bottling, labeling, sales, advertising, and transportation of industrybeverage alcohol products. Also,Similar regulatory regimes exist in each state, regulatesas well as in most of the advertising, promotion, transportation, sale, and distribution of such products.

non-U.S. jurisdictions in which our products are sold. In addition, distilled spirits products are subject to customs duties and/or excise taxation in many markets, including the U.S., at the federal, state and/or local level.

Under U.S. federal regulations, bourbon and Tennessee whiskeys must be aged for at least two years in new charred oak barrels. We typically age all of our whiskeys between three and six years. Federal regulations also require that “Canadian” whiskeywhisky must be manufactured in Canada in compliance with Canadian laws. Mexican authorities regulate the production and bottling of tequilas, which among other specifications, requiremandate minimum aging periods for anejo (one year) and reposado (two months) tequilas. We comply with these regulations.

Our operations within and outside the United States are subject to various environmental protection statutes and regulations, and our policy is to comply with all such regulatory requirements.
Employees and Executive Officers

As of April 30, 2012,2013, we employed aboutapproximately 4,000 persons,people, including approximately 200 employed on a part-time or temporary basis. We believe our employee relations are good.

The following persons serve as executive officers of the Company as of June 27, 2012.

2013.

Name

AgeAge

Principal Occupation and

Business Experience

Paul C. Varga

4948

Company Chairman of the Company since August 2007.

and Chief Executive Officer since August 2005.

President and2007. Chief Executive Officer of Brown-Forman Beverages (a division of the Company) from August 2003 to Augustsince 2005.


Donald C. Berg

5758Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer since May 2008. Senior Vice President, and Director of Corporate Finance from July 2006 to May 2008. President of Brown-Forman Spirits Americas from July 2003 to July 2006.

James S. Welch, Jr.

5453

Company Vice Chairman, Executive Director of theCorporate Affairs, Strategy and Diversity since 2012. Company Vice Chairman, Executive Director of Corporate Affairs, Strategy, Diversity, and Human Resources since 2007.

Company Vice Chairman, Executive Director of Corporate Strategy and Human Resources from 20032007 to 2007.

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2012.

Name

Age

Principal Occupation and

Business Experience

Mark I. McCallum

5857

Executive Vice President, President for Europe, Africa, Middle East, Asia Pacific, and Travel Retail since January 2013. Executive Vice President and Chief Operating Officer of the Company since May 2009.from 2009 through 2012. Executive Vice President and Chief Brands Officer from May 2006 through April 2009. Senior Vice President and Chief Marketing Officer from July 2003 to May 2006.

Kris Sirchio

46Executive Vice President and Chief Marketing Officer of the Company since November 2009. Global Head, Professional Products, Syngenta AG from October 2004 to September 2009.

Matthew E. Hamel

5352

Executive Vice President, General Counsel, and Secretary since October 2007. Associate General Counsel and

Jill Ackerman Jones48
Executive Vice President, Law, of the Enterprise Media Group of Dow Jones & Company, Inc., from December 2006 to October 2007. Vice President General

Counselfor North America and Secretary of Dow Jones Reuters Business Interactive LLC (d/b/a Factiva) from December 1999 to December 2006.

Jill A. Jones

47

Latin America since January 2013. Executive Vice President and Chief Production Officer since July 2011.from 2011 through 2012. Senior Vice President, and Chief Production Officer from November 2009 to July 2011. Senior Vice President and Managing Director of Global Production from May 2007 to October 2009.2011. Vice President, Director of Finance, Global Production from July 2006 to April 2007. Vice President and Chief Financial Officer, Brown-Forman Distillery Company and Supply Chain Management from August 2002 to June 2006.


Jane C. Morreau

Brian P. Fitzgerald
4053

Senior Vice President, andChief Accounting Officer since January 2013. Vice President, Finance Director of Finance,Greater Europe and Africa from 2009 through December 2012. Assistant Vice President, Director Business Strategy and Analysis from 2007 to 2009.

Jane C. Morreau54
Senior Vice President, Chief Production Officer and Head of Information Technology since January 2013. Senior Vice President, Director of Financial Management, Accounting and Technology since May 2008.from 2008 through December 2012. Senior Vice President and Controller from December 2006 to May 2008.

Lisa P. Steiner54Senior Vice President, and ControllerChief Human Resources Officer since 2009.  Senior Vice President, Director of Global Human Resources from August 20022007 to 2009.
Lawson E. Whiting44
Senior Vice President, Chief Brands Officer since January 2013. Senior Vice President, Managing Director Western Europe from 2011 through December 2006.

2012. Vice President, Finance Director Western Europe from 2010 to 2011. Vice President, Finance Director North America from 2009 to 2010. Vice President, Director Global Brands Strategy & Planning from 2008 to 2009.

Available Information

You may read and copy any materials that we file with the SEC at the SEC’s Public Reference Room at 100 F Street, NE, Washington, D.C. 20549. Information on the Public Reference Room may be obtained by calling the SEC at 1-800-SEC-0330. In

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addition, the SEC maintains an Internet site that contains reports, proxy and information statements, and other information regarding issuers that file with the SEC at http://www.sec.gov.

Our website address is www.brown-forman.com. Please note that our website address is provided as an inactive textual reference only. Our annual reports on Form 10-K, quarterly reports on Form 10-Q, current reports on Form 8-K, and any amendments to these reports are available free of charge on our website as soon as reasonably practicable after we electronically file those reports with the SEC. The information provided on our website is not part of this report, and is therefore not incorporated by reference, unless such information is otherwise specifically referenced elsewhere in this report.

On our website, we have posted our Corporate Governance Guidelines, our Code of Conduct and Compliance Guidelines that applyapplies to all directors and employees, and our Code of Ethics that applies specifically to our senior financial officers. We have also posted on our website the charters of our Audit Committee, Compensation Committee, Corporate Governance and Nominating Committee, and Executive Committee of our Board of Directors. Copies of these materials are also available free of charge by writing to our Secretary, Matthew E. Hamel, 850 Dixie Highway, Louisville, Kentucky 40210 or e-mailing him at Secretary@b-f.com.

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Item 1A.    Risk FactorsForward-Looking Statement Information.

In addition to the other information set forthCertain matters discussed in this report, youincluding the information presented in Part II, Item 7, Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations, contain statements, estimates, and projections that are “forward-looking statements” as defined under U.S. federal securities laws. Words such as “aim,” “anticipate,” “aspire,” “believe,” “continue,” “could,” “envision,” “estimate,” “expect,” “expectation,” “intend,” “may,” “plan,” “potential,” “project,” “pursue,” “see,” “seek,” “should,” “will,” and similar words identify forward-looking statements, which speak only as of the date we make them. Except as required by law, we do not intend to update or revise any forward-looking statements, whether as a result of new information, future events, or otherwise. By their nature, forward-looking statements involve risks, uncertainties and other factors (many beyond our control) that could cause our actual results to differ materially from our historical experience or from our current expectations or projections. These risks and uncertainties include those described in Part I, Item 1A. Risk Factors and those described from time to time in our future reports filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission, including:

Unfavorable global or regional economic conditions, and related low consumer confidence, high unemployment, weak credit or capital markets, sovereign debt defaults, sequestrations, austerity measures, higher interest rates, political instability, higher inflation, deflation, lower returns on pension assets, or lower discount rates for pension obligations
Risks associated with being a U.S.-based company with global operations, including political or civil unrest; local labor policies and conditions; protectionist trade policies; compliance with local trade practices and other regulations, including anti-corruption laws; terrorism; and health pandemics
Fluctuations in foreign currency exchange rates
Changes in laws, regulations or policies - especially those that affect the production, importation, marketing, sale or consumption of our beverage alcohol products
Tax rate changes (including excise, sales, VAT, tariffs, duties, corporate, individual income, dividends, capital gains) or changes in related reserves, changes in tax rules (e.g., LIFO, foreign income deferral, U.S. manufacturing and other deductions) or accounting standards, and the unpredictability and suddenness with which they can occur
Dependence upon the continued growth of the Jack Daniel’s family of brands
Changes in consumer preferences, consumption or purchase patterns - particularly away from brown spirits, our premium products, or spirits generally, and our ability to anticipate and react to them; decline in the social acceptability of beverage alcohol products in significant markets; bar, restaurant, travel or other on-premise declines
Production facility, aging warehouse or supply chain disruption; imprecision in supply/demand forecasting
Higher costs, lower quality or unavailability of energy, input materials or finished goods
Route-to-consumer changes that affect the timing of our sales, temporarily disrupt the marketing or sale of our products, or result in implementation-related or higher fixed costs
Inventory fluctuations in our products by distributors, wholesalers, or retailers
Competitors’ consolidation or other competitive activities, such as pricing actions (including price reductions, promotions, discounting, couponing or free goods), marketing, category expansion, product introductions, entry or expansion in our geographic markets or distribution networks
Risks associated with acquisitions, dispositions, business partnerships or investments - such as acquisition integration, or termination difficulties or costs, or impairment in recorded value
Insufficient protection of our intellectual property rights

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Product counterfeiting, tampering, or recall, or product quality issues
Significant legal disputes and proceedings; government investigations (particularly of industry or company business, trade or marketing practices)
Failure or breach of key information technology systems
Negative publicity related to our company, brands, marketing, personnel, operations, business performance or prospects
Business disruption, decline or costs related to organizational changes, reductions in workforce or other cost-cutting measures, or our failure to attract or retain key executive or employee talent
Use of Non-GAAP Financial Information. Certain matters discussed in this report, including the information presented in Part II, Item 7, Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations, include measures not derived in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles (GAAP), including “constant-currency” and “underlying” measures of changes in income statement line items. These measures should carefully considernot be considered in isolation or as a substitute for any measure derived in accordance with GAAP, and also may be inconsistent with similar measures presented by other companies. Reconciliations of these measures to the most closely comparable GAAP measures, and reasons for the company’s use of these measures, are presented in Part II, Item 7, Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations, under the heading, “Basis of Presentation and Use of Non-GAAP Measures.”
Item 1A.    Risk Factors
We believe the following factors, whichdiscussion identifies the most significant risks and uncertainties that could materiallyadversely affect our business. If any of the following risks were actually to occur, our business, financial condition or results of operations, in future periods. The risks described below are not the only risks facing our Company.cash flows, and financial condition could be materially and adversely impacted. Additional risks not currently known to us, or that we currently deem to be immaterial, also may materially adversely affect our business, financial condition or results of operations, cash flows, and financial condition in future periods.

Unfavorable economic conditions could negatively affect our operations and results significantly.

Poorresults.

Unfavorable global or regional economic conditions, can materiallyincluding for example the recent Eurozone financial crisis, could adversely affect our operations and financial results. Several economiesMany markets where our products are sold face significant economic challenges, including high unemployment, low consumer confidence, high unemployment, budget deficits, burdensome governmental debt, austerity measures, sequestrations, increased taxes, and weak financial, credit, and housing and credit markets. Financial and credit instability in some countries, including the recent, significant Eurozone financial difficulties and sovereign debt issues, and the geopolitical andUnfavorable economic instability in parts of the world, including Mexico, present risks to our business. Health pandemics can also have far-reaching economic consequences that could be particularly adverse to our socially-based, discretionary consumer product business. These conditions can affect thecause governments to increase taxes on beverage alcohol to raise revenue and/or reduce consumers’ willingness to make discretionary purchases of consumers tobeverage alcohol products, and/or pay for premium brands such as ours, lead them toours. In unfavorable economic conditions, consumers may make more value-driven and price-sensitive purchasing choices and to participate in more at-home drinking occasions rather than at restaurants, bars, and hotels, which tend to favor many of our premium and super-premium products. Many
Also, our suppliers, distributors, and retailers could experience cash flow problems, more costly or unavailable financing, credit defaults, and other financial hardships, which could lead to distributor or retailer destocking, an increase in our bad debt expense, or cause us to decrease the levels of theunsecured credit that we provide to customers. Other potential negative ramifications to our business from poor economic conditions are difficult to predict, but some other potentially significant effects are distributor or retailer destocking,include political instability, higher interest rates, changesan increase in the rate of inflation, (up or down),deflation, exchange rate fluctuations, credit or capital market instability, bank failures, and/or lower returns on pension assets or lower discount rates on ourfor pension assetsobligations (requiring higher contributions to our pension plans). For additional information with respect to the effects of changes in the value of our benefit plan obligations and assets on our financial results, see “Pension and other Postretirement Benefits” on pages 41 and 42page 35 of this report on Form 10-K.

Our suppliers, customers, and consumers could experience cash flow problems, more costly or unavailable financing, credit defaults, and other financial hardships. The U.S. federal budget and individual state budget deficits could lead to increased taxes on our products, business, customers, or consumers; and a number of proposals to increase taxes on beverage alcohol have been made at the federal and state levels in recent years. Governments in other countries in which we operate also may impose taxes and implement other austerity measures to manage local economic conditions in ways that hurt our business. Countries, including significant markets for us in Europe, may default on sovereign debt.

Our global growthbusiness is subject to a number of commercial, political, and political risks.

We currently marketfinancial risks, including foreign currency exchange rate fluctuations.

Our products are sold in more than 135 countries. As was150 countries around the case this year,world; accordingly, we are subject to risks associated with doing business globally. We continue to expect our future growth rates in internationalnon-U.S. markets to surpass our growth rates in the United States. Emerging regions, such as Eastern Europe, Latin America, Asia and Asia,Africa, as well as countries that some companies consider to bemore developed markets, such as the U.K.,United Kingdom, France, Germany, and Australia, provide significant growth opportunities for us.

Potentially If shipments of our products - particularly Jack Daniel’s Tennessee Whiskey - to our global markets were to experience significant disruption, it could have a material adverse affect on our financial results.

In addition, we are subject to potential business disruption caused by military conflicts, intergovernmental disputes, potentially unstable governments or legal systems, civil or political upheaval or unrest, security risks, intergovernmental disputes, military conflicts, local labor conditionspolicies and business practices,conditions, possible expropriation, nationalization and/or confiscation of assets, problems with repatriation of foreign earnings, closure of markets to imports, or anti-American sentiment, or terrorist activitiesterrorism in or outside of the United States, are risks to our business. Unscrupulous or questionable business practices commonhealth pandemics, and a significant reduction in some emerging countries (and sometimes even in developed ones) could put our company at a competitive disadvantage, as we require full legal compliance by our employees and business partners worldwide. In Mexico, for example, we face risks to our business due to corruption and dangerous drug cartels, which are often violent and are reputedly asserting influence in some areasglobal

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Table of the beverage alcohol industry. These and other types of political and commercial risks in our various markets around the world may have a material adverse effect on our business, results of operations and future growth prospects.

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The longer-term outlook for our business anticipates continuedContents


travel. Our success of Jack Daniel’s Tennessee Whiskey, Southern Comfort Liqueur, Finlandia Vodka, Tequila Herradura, el Jimador Tequila, their respective brand families, and our other brands. This outlook is basedwill depend, in part, on favorable demographic trends for the sale of beverage alcohol through 2014 in the United States, and in many of our global markets for varying numbers of years. If these demographic trends do not translate into corresponding sales increases, we may fail to meet our growth expectations. In addition, any continuation of the somewhat less favorable demographic trends in the United States for several years subsequent to 2014 could negatively affect our performance in those years and our ability to meet our longer-term strategic objectives.

Foreign currency exchange rate fluctuations affect our financial results.

overcome the challenges we encounter with respect to these risks and other factors affecting U.S. companies with global operations.

The more we expand our business globally, the more exchange rate fluctuations relative to the United StatesU.S. dollar influence our financial results. In markets other than the United States, we sell our products, and pay for some goods, services, and manpower primarily in local currency. Since we sell more in local currencies than we purchase, we have a net exposure to changes in the value of the United StatesU.S. dollar relative to those currencies. Thus, profits from our overseas businesses would be adversely affected if the dollar were to strengthen against other currencies in our major markets, especially the euro, British pound sterling, Australian dollar, Polish zloty, and Mexican peso. Topeso, Russian ruble, or Japanese yen. In an effort to buffer this effect, we regularly hedge a portionuse foreign currency derivatives to reduce the impact of ourforeign currency exposure; and as of April 30, 2012, we had hedged approximately 40% offluctuations. While foreign currency derivatives may limit our total fiscal 2013 transactional exposure to exchange rate fluctuations, there can be no assurance that we will be successful in mitigating our foreign currency fluctuations for our major currencies. Nevertheless, overrisk. Over time, our reported financial results generally will be hurt by a stronger United StatesU.S. dollar and helpedimproved by a weaker one. For additional information with respect to foreign exchange effects on our business, please see “Foreign Exchange” on page 4336 of this report on Form 10-K.

National and local governments may adopt regulations or undertake investigations that could limit our business activities and/or increase our costs.
Our business is subject to extensive regulatory requirements regarding production, importation, marketing and promotion, labeling, distribution, pricing, and trade practices, among others. Changes in laws, regulatory measures, or governmental policies, or in the manner in which current ones are interpreted, could cause us to incur material additional costs or liabilities, and jeopardize the growth of our business in the affected market. Specifically, governments may prohibit, or impose or increase limitations on, advertising and promotional activities, or times or locations where beverage alcohol may be sold or consumed, or adopt other measures that could limit our opportunities to reach consumers and/or sell our products. In the United States for example, the National Transportation Safety Board has recently recommended the adoption by all 50 states of lower blood alcohol content thresholds for drivers of 0.05%, versus the current 0.08%. In Europe, regulators in a number of countries have adopted or are considering severe limitations on the marketing and sale of beverage alcohol, as well as the imposition of minimum pricing. Russia has banned all television, newspaper, magazine, and Internet advertising (.ru websites) for beverage alcohol products. Turkey recently adopted measures to ban all beverage alcohol advertising and increase restrictions on sales. Increases in regulation of this nature could cause a substantial decline in consumer demand for our products in the affected market.
Certain countries in which we do business have a higher risk of corruption than others. While we are committed to doing business in accordance with applicable anti-corruption laws, our Code of Conduct and Code of Ethics, and other Company policies, we remain subject to the risk that an employee will violate our policies, or that any of our many affiliates or agents, such as importers, wholesalers, distributors, or other business partners, may take action determined to be in violation of such anti-corruption laws, including the U.S. Foreign Corrupt Practices Act of 1977, the U.K. Bribery Act of 2010, or local equivalent laws. Any determination that our operations or activities are not, or were not, in compliance with U.S. or foreign laws or regulations could result in investigations, interruption of business, loss of business partner relationships, suspension or termination of licenses and permits (our own or a partner’s), imposition of fines, legal or equitable sanctions, negative publicity, and management distraction. Further, our compliance with applicable anti-corruption laws, our code of conduct and ethics, and other Company policies could result in higher operating costs versus other suppliers.
Additional regulation in the United States and other countries around climate change and other environmental issues could increase our operating costs, due to the cost of compliance.
Tax increases and changes in tax rules could adversely affect our financial results.
Our business is sensitive to changes in both direct and indirect taxes. As a multinational company based in the United States, we are more exposed to the impact of U.S tax changes than most of our major competitors, especially those that affect the net effective corporate income tax rate. Tax changes that have been proposed in the past (but not enacted) by Congress or the present administration exemplify this risk; they include repealing LIFO (last-in, first-out accounting treatment of inventory) for tax purposes, decreasing or eliminating the ability of U.S.-based companies to receive a tax credit for foreign taxes paid, or to obtain a current U.S. tax deduction for certain expenses in the United States related to foreign earnings, or decreasing or eliminating the U.S. manufacturing deduction. Distilled spirits products are subject to excise taxation in many markets, including the United States, at the country, state and/or local level. Any increase in excise taxes in markets where we sell our products could result in increased prices and reduced consumer demand, and could encourage consumers to switch to lower-priced and/or lower-taxed product categories such as local spirits, beer or wine, or to non-alcoholic beverages.
Our business operations are also subject to numerous duties or taxes that are not based on income, sometimes referred to as “indirect taxes,” which include excise, sales or value-added taxes, property taxes and payroll taxes. Increases in or the imposition of new indirect taxes on our operations or products would increase the cost of our products or, to the extent levied directly on

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consumers, make our products less affordable, which could negatively affect our financial results by reducing purchases of our products and encouraging consumers to switch to lower-priced and/or lower-taxed product categories. Our global business can also be negatively affected by import and export duties, tariff barriers, and/or related local governmental economic protectionist measures, and the suddenness and unpredictability with which these can occur. The recent global economic downturn has increased our tax-related risks in many countries where we do business, as governmental entities could further increase taxes on beverage alcohol products in an effort to replace lost revenues. New tax rules, accounting standards or pronouncements, and changes in interpretation of existing ones, could also have a significant adverse effect on our business and financial results.
Our business performance is substantially dependent upon the continued health of Jack Daniels.
The Jack Daniel’s family of brands is the primary driver of our growth. Jack Daniel’s is an iconic global trademark with a loyal consumer fan base, and we invest much effort and resources to protect and preserve the brand’s reputation for quality, craftsmanship and responsibility. A brand’s reputational value is based in large part on consumer perceptions, and even an isolated incident that causes harm - particularly one resulting in widespread negative publicity - could negatively influence these perceptions and erode consumer trust and confidence in the brand. Significant damage to the Jack Daniel’s brand equity would adversely affect our business. Given the importance of the Jack Daniel’s brand to our overall Company success, a significant or sustained decline in volume or selling price of our Jack Daniel’s products would likely have a negative effect on our growth and our stock price. Additionally, should we not be successful in our efforts to maintain and/or increase the relevance of the Jack Daniel’s brand in the minds of today’s and tomorrow’s consumer, our business and operating results could suffer. For additional information on the importance of the Jack Daniel’s family of brands to our business, please see “Fiscal 2013 Brand Highlights” on pages 24 and 25of this report on Form 10-K.
Changes in consumer preferences and purchases, and our ability to anticipate and react to them, could negatively affect our business results.
We are a branded consumer products company in a highly competitive market. Our success depends on our continued ability to offer consumers highly appealing products. Consumer preferences and purchases may shift due to a host of factors, many of which are difficult to predict, including changes in economic conditions, demographic and social trends, public health policies and initiatives, changes in government regulation of beverage alcohol products, the potential legalization of marijuana use on a more widespread basis within the United States, and changes in travel, leisure, dining, gifting, entertaining, and beverage consumption trends. To continue to succeed we must anticipate and respond effectively to shifts in demographics, consumer behavior, drinking tastes and drinking occasions. Our business results could be negatively affected by shifts in demographic trends, specifically in the United States, where our base skews heavily toward non-Hispanic white consumers. In the coming years, demographic cohorts other than non-Hispanic whites are expected to grow more quickly than the non-Hispanic white cohort. If we fail to attract consumers from diverse backgrounds and ethnicities, our business results could suffer. Further, trends in the United States for several years after 2014 indicate a slight decrease in the population segment aged 21 to 24; fewer potential consumers in this age bracket could have a negative effect on industry growth rates and our business.
Our plans call for the continued growth of the Jack Daniel’s family of brands. Particularly, we plan to continue to grow Jack Daniel’s Tennessee Honey sales in the United States this fiscal year and to expand this brand to more of our international markets. Our plans also call for the Southern Comfort brand family to stabilize. If these plans are unsuccessful, or if we otherwise fail to develop or implement effective business, portfolio and brand strategies, our growth, stock price, or financial results could suffer. More broadly, if consumers shift away from spirits (particularly brown spirits), our premium priced brands, or our ready-to-drink products, our financial results could be adversely affected. Improving our price position in certain markets and for certain brands is part of our growth plan for fiscal 2014. In some markets, this will represent a second price increase in as many years. If consumers or the trade react unfavorably to our pricing changes, our financial results may be negatively affected.
We believe that new products, line extensions, label and bottle changes, product reformulations, and similar product innovations by both us and our competitors will compete increasingly for consumer drinking occasions. Product innovation is a significant element of our growth strategy; however, there can be no assurance that we will continue to develop and implement successful line extensions, packaging, formulation or flavor changes, or new products. Unsuccessful implementation or short-lived popularity of our product innovations could result in inventory write-offs and other costs, and also could damage the consumer’s perception of the brand family. Our inability to attract consumers to our product innovations relative to our competitors’ products - especially over time - could negatively affect our growth, business and financial results.
Production facility disruption or the inherent uncertainty in supply/demand forecasting could adversely affect our business, particularly with respect to our aged products.
Some of our largest brands, including Jack Daniel’s Tennessee Whiskey and Finlandia Vodka, are produced at a single location. If there were a catastrophic event causing physical damage, disruption, or failure at one of our major distillation or bottling facilities, our business could be adversely affected. Further, because whiskies and some tequilas are aged for various periods, we

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maintain a substantial inventory of aged and maturing products in warehouses at a handful of different sites. The loss of a substantial amount of aged inventory - through fire, other natural or man-made disaster, contamination, or otherwise - could result in a significant reduction in supply of the affected product or products. If we experienced a disruption in the supply of new oak barrels in which to age our whiskies, our business could suffer. A consequence of any of these or other supply or supply chain disruptions could be our inability to meet consumer demand for the affected products for a period of time. In addition, insurance proceeds may be insufficient to cover the replacement value of our inventory of maturing products and other assets if they were to be lost. Disaster recovery plans may not prevent business disruption, and reconstruction of any damaged facilities could last for a significant period of time.
There is an inherent risk of forecasting imprecision in determining the quantity of maturing stock to store in a given year for future consumption. The forecasting strategies we use to balance product supply with fluctuations in consumer demand may not be effective for particular years, products or markets. There are a number of levers that we use, including price, to balance available supply with fluctuations in consumer demand, but we cannot be sure whether the levers will create the desired balance for particular years, products or markets. As a consequence, we may be unable to meet consumer demand for the affected products for a period of time. Furthermore, not having our products in the market on a consistent basis may adversely affect our brand equity and future sales.
Higher costs or unavailability of materials could adversely affect our financial results, as could our inability to obtain certain finished goods.

Our products use a number of materials and ingredients that we purchase from third-party suppliers. Our ability to make and sell our products hinges on having available alldepends upon the availability of the raw materials, product ingredients, finished product, glass, bottles, cans, bottle closures, packaging, and other materials used to produce and package them. Without sufficient quantities of one or more key materials, our operations and financial results could suffer. For instance, only a few glass producers make bottles on a scale sufficient for our requirements, and a single producer supplies most of our glass requirements. Similarly, a Finnish corporationcompany distills and bottles our Finlandia Vodka products for us. If any of our key suppliers were no longer able to meet our timing, quality or capacity requirements, ceased doing business with us, or raised prices, and we could not develop alternative cost-effective sources of supply or production, our operations and financial results wouldcould suffer.

Higher costs or insufficient availability of suitable grain, agave, water, grapes, wood, glass, closures, and other input materials and/or associated labor costs may adversely affect adversely our financial results, since we may not be able to pass along such cost increases or shortages through higher prices to customers. Similarly, when energy costs rise, our transportation, freight and other operating costs, such as distilling and bottling expenses, also may increase. Our financial results may be adversely affected if we are not able to pass along energy cost increases through higher prices to our customers.
Weather, the physical effects of climate change, diseases and other agricultural uncertainties that affect the mortality, health, yield, quality or price of the various raw materials used in our products also present risks for our business, including in some cases potential impairment in the recorded value of our inventory. Changes in frequency or intensity of weather can disrupt our supply chain as well, which may affect production operations, insurance costs and coverage, as well as the timely delivery of our products to customers.

As water is one of the major components of our products, the quality and quantity of the water available for use is important to our ability to operate our business. If hydrologic cycle patterns change, and droughts become more common or severe, or if the water supply were interrupted for other reasons, there might be a scarcity of desirable water in some of the key production regions for our products, including Tennessee, Kentucky, Finland, Canada, Mexico, and California. When energy costs rise, our transportation, freight and other operating costs, such as distilling and bottling expenses, also increase. Additionally, rising energy and other costs may curtail

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consumer spending on leisure activities, entertainment, and discretionary purchases, resulting in fewer purchases of our products, including the Jack Daniel’s family of brands, with their broad-based consumer appeal.

Changes in consumer purchases and preferences, and our ability to anticipate and react to them affect our business results.

We are a branded consumer products company in a highly competitive market. Our success depends on our continued ability to offer consumers highly appealing products. Consumer preferences and purchases may shift due to a host of factors, including changes in demographic and social trends, public health policies and initiatives, and changes in leisure, dining, and beverage consumption proclivities. To continue to succeed we must anticipate and respond effectively to shifts in consumer behavior, drinking tastes and drinking occasions.

The Jack Daniel’s family of brands has supplied the majority of our profit and has been the primary driver of our incremental growth for many years, and our current projections extend these trends through fiscal 2013 and well beyond. Our plans call for Jack Daniel’s Tennessee Honey sales to increase in the U.S. this year and to expand geographically in select international markets. Given the significance of Jack Daniel’s to our success as a company, significant or sustained decline in sales or selling price of our Jack Daniel’s products could materially depress our financial results. Our plans also call for the Southern Comfort brand family to stabilize. If our initiatives are unsuccessful and the Southern Comfort trends do not improve significantly, our business results will suffer and the Company may not achieve its projected financial results. More broadly, if consumers in any of our markets shift away from spirits, our premium brands, or our ready-to-drink products, our financial results likely would be adversely affected. For additional information with respect to the importance of the Jack Daniel’s family of brands on our business, please see “Our Brands” on pages 23 and 24 of this report on Form 10-K.

Improving our price position in certain markets and for certain brands, by price increases and less discounting, is a key component of our growth plan for this fiscal year. If consumers or the trade react unfavorably to our pricing changes, we may be unable to meet our earnings projections. We believe that new products, line extensions, label and bottle changes, product reformulations, and similar product innovations by both us and our competitors will compete increasingly for consumer drinking occasions. Product innovation is a significant element of our growth strategy; however, there can be no assurance that we will continue to develop and implement successful line extensions, packaging, formulation or flavor changes, or new products. Unsuccessful implementation or short-lived popularity of our product innovations may result in inventory write-offs and other costs, and may also damage the consumer’s image of the brand family. Our inability to attract consumers to our product innovations relative to our competitors’ products and to continue to do so over time, likely would negatively affect our growth, business performance and financial results over time.

National and local governments may adopt regulations or undertake investigations that could increase our expenses or limit our business activities.

Our business is subject to extensive regulatory requirements regarding production, importation, marketing and promotion, labeling, distribution, trade, and pricing practices, among others. Changes in laws, regulatory measures, or governmental policies, or in the manner in which current ones are interpreted, could cause Brown-Forman to incur material additional costs or liabilities, and jeopardize the growth of the business. Governments may impose or increase limitations on advertising and promotional activities, place restrictions on retail outlets or other locations, times or occasions where beverage alcohol may be sold or consumed, or adopt other measures that could directly or indirectly limit our opportunities to reach consumers and sell our products.

For example, the Federal Trade Commission has called for the beverage alcohol industry to move voluntarily to a minimum 85% adult demographic advertising placement standard in the U.S., from the current 70%. The Russian government is considering restoring the state monopoly on beverage alcohol to combat that country’s excessive consumption. In Europe, regulators in a number of countries are considering potential bans or severe limitations on the marketing and sale of ready-to-drink products, as well as the imposition of minimum prices and other restrictions on spirits products. If these or other severe regulatory changes are adopted, consumer demand could decline to the point of significantly damaging our business performance and prospects.

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In addition, from time to time governmental bodies in the United States and international markets investigate business and trade practices of beverage alcohol producers, distributors, suppliers, and retailers, including their compliance with specific beverage alcohol trade regulations, the U.S. Foreign Corrupt Practices Act, and similar laws in the U.K. and other countries. Our policies and procedures require compliance by our employees and agents with all laws and regulations applicable to our business operations. Nonetheless, despite our policies, procedures and related training programs, governmental investigators may allege or determine that non-compliance has occurred and impose significant penalties and monetary fines. Thus, adverse developments in or as a result of regulatory measures and governmental investigations could hurt our business operations, reputation and financial results.

Tax increases and changes in tax rules could adversely affect our financial results.

Our business is sensitive to changes in both direct and indirect taxes. As a multinational company based in the United States, Brown-Forman is more exposed to the effects of the various forms of tax changes in the United States than most of our major competitors, especially those changes that affect the net effective corporate income tax rate. Changes that have been proposed in the past (but not enacted) by Congress or the present administration exemplify this risk; they include repealing LIFO (last-in, first-out accounting treatment of inventory) for tax purposes, decreasing or eliminating the ability of United States-based companies to receive a tax credit for foreign taxes paid or to obtain a current U.S. tax deduction for certain expenses in the U.S. related to foreign earnings, and increasing the tax on dividends and/or capital gains.

Increases in excise taxes, income taxes, or other tax increases could also materially depress our financial results by reducing purchases of our products and encouraging consumers to switch to lower-priced and lower-taxed product categories. While no legislation to increase federal excise taxes on distilled spirits is currently pending in the United States, excise tax increases are possible, as are further increases to other federal tax burdens imposed on the broader business community and consumers. Municipal and state governments may also increase tax burdens to cover budget deficits and compensate for declines in other revenue sources. Several states and many more municipalities have various tax increases under consideration that could adversely affect our business and/or consumers of our products. New tax rules, accounting standards or pronouncements, and changes in interpretation of existing ones, could also have a significant adverse effect on our business and financial results.

Our global business can also be negatively affected by increases in tax rates, such as income taxes, excise taxes, value added taxes, import and export duties, tariff barriers, and/or related local governmental economic protectionism, and the suddenness and unpredictability with which these can occur. The recent global economic downturn has increased our tax-related risks in many countries where we do business, as governmental entities may further increase taxes on beverage alcohol products to replace lost revenues.

If the social or health acceptability of our products declines or governments adopt policies disadvantageous to beverage alcohol, our business could be materially adversely affected.

Our ability to market and sell our products depends heavily on both societal attitudes toward drinking and governmental policies that both flow from and affect those attitudes. In recent years, there has been increased social and political attention directed at the beverage alcohol industry. The recent attention has focused largely on public health concerns related to alcohol abuse, including drunk driving, underage drinking, and the negative health impacts of the abuse and misuse of beverage alcohol. While most people who drink enjoy alcoholic beverages in moderation, it is commonly known and well reported that excessive levels or inappropriate patterns of drinking can lead to increased risk of a myriad of health conditions and, for certain people, can result in alcohol dependence. The alcohol industry critics in the United States, Europe and other countries around the world increasingly seek governmental measures to make beverage alcohol products more expensive, less available, andand/or more difficult to advertise and promote. If future research indicated more widespread serious health risks associated with alcohol consumption and- particularly with moderate consumption - or if for any reason the social

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acceptability of beverage alcohol were to decline significantly, sales of our products could decrease materially. Our sales could also suffer if governments banned or restricted advertising or promotional activities, limited hours or placesdecrease.


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Table of sale or consumption, or took other actions that discouraged alcohol purchase or consumption.

Litigation could exposeContents


We face substantial competition in our business to financialindustry, and reputational risk.

Major private or governmental litigation challenging the production, promotion, distribution or sale of beverage alcohol or specific brands, could affect our ability to sell products; and even ultimate vindication can be costly. Several years ago, a series of putative class action cases were filed against several beverage alcohol companies, including Brown-Forman, alleging that large producers intentionally focused advertising and promotion at under-age consumers. All of the cases were either dismissed or withdrawn at early stages, but only after considerable effort and expense. Other lawsuits have been brought against beverage alcohol companies alleging problems related to alcohol abuse, negative health consequences from drinking, problems from alleged marketing or sales practices, or underage drinking. While these lawsuits have been largely unsuccessful in the past, others are possible in the future. We could also experience employment related class actions, environmental claims, product liability actions stemming from a beverage or container production defect, a whistleblower suit, or other major litigation that could adversely affect our business results, particularly to the extent the losses or expenses were not insurable or insured.

Governmental actions around the world to enforce trade practice, anti-corruption, competition, tax, environmental and other laws are also a continuing risk for global companies such as Brown-Forman. In addition, as a U.S. public company we are exposed to the risk of shareholder class action suits, particularly following a precipitous drop in the share price of our stock. Adverse developments in major lawsuits concerning these or other matters could have a material adverse effect on our business.

Production facility disruption or the inherent uncertainty in supply/demand forecasting could adversely affect our business, especially our aged products.

If there were a catastrophic failure at one of our major distillation or bottling facilities, or of our information systems, our business could be adversely affected. Some of our significant products are produced at a single source. Further, because whiskies and some tequilas are aged for various periods, we maintain a substantial inventory of aged and maturing products in warehouses at a handful of different sites. The loss of a substantial amount of aged inventory — through fire, other natural or man-made disaster, contamination, or otherwise —could result in a significant reduction in supply of the affected product or products. If we experienced a disruption in the supply of new oak barrels in which to age our whiskies, our business could suffer.

In addition, there is an inherent risk of forecasting error in determining the quantity of maturing stock to store in a given year for future consumption. Forecasting inaccuracies could lead to either an inability to supply demand, and lost opportunity, or a surplus of inventory. There are a number of levers that we use, including price, to balance available supply with fluctuations in consumer demand, but we cannot be sure whether the levers will create the desired balance in particular years, products or markets. A consequence of any of these or other supply disruptions could be our inability to meet consumer demand for the affected products for a period of time, and other significant adverse business consequences that insurance proceeds may be insufficient to compensate, such as damage to brand equity and future sales from not having our products in the market and in consumers’ sights and hands for this period of time.

Consolidationconsolidation among changes in, increased competition by, or poor performance by beverage alcohol producers, wholesalers or retailers, or changes to our route-to-consumer model, could hinder the marketing, sale and distribution of our products.

We use different business models to market and distribute our products in different regions ofcountries around the world. In the United States, we sell our products either to wholesale distributors for resale to retail outlets or, in those states that control alcohol sales, to state governments who then sell them to retail customers and consumers. In our other globalnon-U.S. markets, we use a variety of route-to-consumer models - including, in many markets, reliance on

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other spirits producers others to market and sell our products. Consolidation among spirits producers, distributors, wholesalers or retailers could create a more challenging competitive landscape for our products. In addition, it could hinder the distribution and sale of our products as a result of reduced attention and resources allocated to our brands both during transition periods the possibility thatand after, as our brands might represent a smaller portion of the new business increased negotiating leverage of retailers, and/portfolio. Expansion into new product categories by other suppliers, or an increasingly competitive environment. Also, changesinnovation by new entrants into the market could increase competition for our products. Changes to our route-to-consumer partner or method in important markets could result in temporary or longer-term sales disruption.disruption, could result in implementation-related or higher fixed costs, and could negatively impact other business relationships we might have with that partner. Distribution network disruption and/or fluctuations in our product inventory levels at distributors, wholesalers, or retailers could negatively affect our results for a particular period. Further, while we believe that our size relative to that of our competitors currently gives us sufficient scale to succeed, we nevertheless face a risk that a continuing consolidation of the large beverage alcohol companies could put us at a competitive disadvantage.

Our competitors may respond to industry and economic conditions more rapidly or effectively than we do. RetailersOther suppliers, as well as wholesalers and wholesalersretailers of our brands, offer products that compete directly with ours for shelf space, promotional displays, and consumer purchases. Pricing (including price promotions, discounting, couponing and free goods), marketing, new product introductions, entry into our distribution networks, and other competitive behavior by other suppliers, and by distributorswholesalers and retailers who sell their products against one or more of our brands,ours, could adversely affect our sales, margins, and profitability. In difficult economic times, consumers tendWhile we seek to be particularly price sensitivetake advantage of the efficiencies and opportunities that large retail customers can offer, large retail customers often seek lower pricing, purchase volume flexibility, and to make morerepresent a large number of competing products. If their purchases in discount stores and other off-premise establishments; therefore, the deleterious effect onleverage continues to increase, it could negatively impact our sales of our pricing strategy coupled with these competitive activities may be more pronounced when the economy suffers.

financial results.

We might not succeed in our strategies for acquisitions and dispositions.

From time to time, we acquire or invest in additional brands or businesses. We expect to continue to seek acquisition and investment opportunities that we believe will increase long-term shareholder value, but we cannot assure that we willmay not be able to find and purchase brands or businesses at acceptable prices and terms. It might also prove difficult to integrateAcquisitions involve risks and uncertainties, including potential difficulties integrating acquired businessesbrands and personnel into our existing systems and operations, and to bring them into conformity with our trade practice standards, financial control environment, and U.S. public company requirements. Acquisitions and their integration can involve significant expense and management time and attention, and could disrupt our business. Our ability to increase sales and/or profitability of the brands we acquire will be important to our future performance.

Brand or business acquisitions can also expose us to unknown liabilities,personnel; the possible loss of key customers and/or employees most knowledgeable about the acquired business; implementing and maintaining consistent U.S. public company standards, controls, procedures, policies and information systems; exposure to unknown liabilities; business disruption; and risks associated with doing business in countries or regions with less stable governments, weaker legal systems, ineffective enforcement of illegal trade or other practices, and/or volatile economies, among other risks.management distraction. Acquisitions, investments or joint ventures could also lead us to incur additional debt and related interest expenses, issue additional shares, and become exposed to contingent liabilities, as well as lead to dilution in our earnings per share and reduction in our return on average invested capital. We could incur future restructuring charges or record impairment losses on the value of goodwill and/or other intangible assets resulting from previous acquisitions, which may also negatively affect our financial results.

We also evaluate from time-to-time the potential disposition of assets or businesses that may no longer meet our growth, return and/or strategic objectives. In selling assets or businesses, we may not get a price or terms as favorable as we anticipated. We could also encounter difficulty in finding buyers on acceptable terms in a timely manner, which could delay our accomplishment of strategic objectives. Expected cost savings from reduced overhead relating to the sold assets may not materialize, and the overhead reductions could temporarily disrupt our other business operations. Any of these outcomes could hurt our financial performance.

As a consumer brand company, inadequate

Inadequate protection counterfeiting, or piracy, of our intellectual property rights, counterfeiting, product tampering, or product tamperingrecalls could adversely affect our business prospects.

Our brand names, trademarks, and related intellectual property rights are critical assets, of the Company. Consequently,and our business depends on our successful protection of them. We devote substantial resources to protectprotecting our intellectual property rights around the world. Weworld, and consistently challenge those who imitate our products. Although

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we believe that our intellectual property rights are legally protected in the markets in which we do business, the ability to register and enforce intellectual property rights varies greatly from country to country. We cannot be certain that trademark registrations in our favor will be issued in every country in which we wish to sell a particular product or that protective decisions by courts or trademark offices will be in our favor.

Many global spirits brands, in the beverage alcohol industry, including ours, experience problems with product counterfeiting and other forms of trademark infringement, especially in Asia and Eastern European markets. Brown-Forman, togetherWe work cooperatively with other spirits industry leaders works cooperatively via our membership in the International Federation of Spirits Producers (“IFSP”)(IFSP) to combat spirits counterfeiting. While we believe the IFSP generally to be an effective organization, IFSP efforts are subject to the difficulties in some markets brought on by difficultiescooperation with local authorities and courts.courts in some

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markets. Despite our and IFSPIFSP’s efforts, confusingly similar, lower quality, or even counterfeit product that is harmful to consumers could reach the market and adversely affect our intellectual property rights, brand equity, corporate reputation, and/or financial results.

In addition, the industry as a whole could suffer negative effects related to the manufacture, sale and consumption of illegally produced beverage alcohol.

Sales of one or more of our products also could diminish due to a scare over product tampering or contamination. Actual contaminations of our productscontamination, whether deliberate or raw materials used to produce, ferment or distill them, whether deliberately by a third party or accidentally,accidental, could lead to inferior product quality and even illness, injury or death to consumers, potential liability claims and material loss. Should a product recall become necessary, or we voluntarily recalledrecall product in the event of contamination, damage, or damage,other quality issue, sales of the affected product or our broader portfolio of brands could be adversely affected. A significant product liability judgment or widespread product recall may negatively impact the sales and profitability of the affected adversely.

brand or brands for a period of time depending on product availability, competitive reaction and consumer attitudes. Even if a product liability claim is unsuccessful or is not fully pursued, resulting negative publicity could adversely affect our reputation with existing and potential customers and our corporate and brand image.

Litigation and legal disputes could expose our business to financial and reputational risk.
Major private or governmental litigation challenging the production, promotion, distribution or sale of beverage alcohol or specific brands, could affect our ability to sell products. Because litigation and other legal proceedings can be costly to defend, even actions that are ultimately decided in our favor could have a negative impact on our business reputation or financial results. Several years ago, a series of putative class action cases was filed against several beverage alcohol companies, including Brown-Forman, alleging that large producers intentionally focused advertising and promotion at under-age consumers. All of the cases were either dismissed or withdrawn at early stages - but only after considerable effort and expense. Other lawsuits have been brought against beverage alcohol companies alleging problems related to alcohol abuse, negative health consequences from drinking, problems from alleged marketing or sales practices, or underage drinking. While these lawsuits have been largely unsuccessful in the past, others may succeed in the future. We could also experience employment-related class actions, environmental claims, commercial disputes, product liability actions stemming from a beverage or container production defect, a whistleblower suit, or other major litigation that could adversely affect our business results, particularly to the extent the losses or expenses were not insurable or insured.
Governmental actions around the world to enforce trade practice, anti-corruption, competition, tax, environmental and other laws are also a continuing risk for global companies such as ours. In addition, as a U.S. public company we are exposed to the risk of shareholder class action suits, particularly following a precipitous drop in the share price of our stock. Adverse developments in major lawsuits concerning these or other matters could have a material adverse effect on our business.
A failure of one or more of our key information technology systems, networks, processes, associated sites or service providers could have a material adverse impact on our business.
We rely on information technology (IT) systems, networks, and services, including internet sites, data hosting and processing facilities and tools, hardware (including laptops and mobile devices), software and technical applications and platforms, some of which are managed, hosted, provided and/or used by third-parties or their vendors, to assist us in the management of our business. The various uses of these IT systems, networks, and services include, but are not limited to: hosting our internal network and communication systems; ordering and managing materials from suppliers; supply/demand planning; production; shipping product to customers; hosting our branded websites and marketing products to consumers; collecting and storing customer, consumer, employee, investor, and other data; processing transactions; summarizing and reporting results of operations; hosting, processing, and sharing confidential and proprietary research, business plans, and financial information; complying with regulatory, legal or tax requirements; providing data security; and handling other processes necessary to manage our business.
Increased IT security threats and more sophisticated cyber crime pose a potential risk to the security of our IT systems, networks, and services, as well as the confidentiality, availability, and integrity of our data. If the IT systems, networks, or service providers we rely upon fail to function properly, or if we suffer a loss or disclosure of business or other sensitive information, due to any number of causes, ranging from catastrophic events to power outages to security breaches, and our business continuity plans do not effectively address these failures on a timely basis, we may suffer interruptions in our ability to manage operations and reputational, competitive and/or business harm, which may adversely affect our business operations and/or financial condition. In addition, such events could result in unauthorized disclosure of material confidential information, and we may suffer financial and reputational damage because of lost or misappropriated confidential information belonging to us or to our partners, our employees, customers, suppliers or consumers. In any of these events, we could also be required to spend significant financial and other resources to remedy the damage caused by a security breach or to repair or replace networks and IT systems.
Negative publicity maycould affect our stock price and business performance.

Unfavorable media related to our industry, company, brands, marketing, personnel, operations, business performance, or

12

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prospects maycould negatively affect our corporate reputation, stock price, andability to attract high quality talent, and/or the performance of our business, regardless of its accuracy or inaccuracy. Since we are a branded consumer products company, adverseAdverse publicity or negative commentary on social media outlets could hurt bothcause consumers to avoid our company’s stock price and actual operating results, as consumers might avoid brands and/or products that receive bad presschoose brands offered by our competitors, which could negatively affect our financial results.
Our failure to attract or negative consumer reviews.

Termination of our rights to distribute and market agency brands included in our portfolioretain key executive or employee talent could adversely affect our financial results.

business.

Our success depends upon the efforts and abilities of our senior management team, other key employees, and a high-quality employee base, as well as our ability to attract, motivate, reward, and retain them. Difficulties in hiring or retaining key executive or employee talent, or the unexpected loss of experienced employees could have an adverse impact our business performance. In addition, we could experience business disruption and/or increased costs related to the brands our Company owns, we also market and distribute products on behalf of other brand ownersorganizational changes, reductions in selected markets, including the United States. Our rights to sell these agency brands are based on contracts with various brand owners, which have varying lengths, renewal terms, termination rights, and other provisions. We earn a margin for these sales and also gain distribution cost efficiencies in some instances. The termination of our rights to distribute agency brands included in our portfolio could adversely affect our financial results.

Regulatory effects resulting from climate changeworkforce, or other environmental issues may negatively affect our operations and financial performance.

While uncertainties exist in the legislative and regulatory processes regarding climate change and other environmental issues, additional regulatory requirements in the United States and other countries may increase our operational costs, due to the higher cost of compliance. New legislation or regulation relating to climate change or other environmental issues could also increase consumer energy prices, which could reduce consumer demand for our beverage alcohol brands.

cost-cutting measures.

Item 1B.    Unresolved Staff Comments

None.

12


Item 2.    Properties

Significant properties are as follows:

Owned facilities:

Office facilities:

Corporate offices (including renovated historic structures) — Louisville, Kentucky

Production and warehousing facilities:

Lynchburg, Tennessee

Louisville, Kentucky

Collingwood, Ontario, Canada

Woodford County, Kentucky

Windsor, California

Cour Cheverny,Cour-Cheverny, France

Amatitan,Amatitán, Mexico

Stave and heading mills:

Clifton, Tennessee

Stevenson, Alabama (production to begin June 2012)

Cooperage

Cooperages:

Louisville, Kentucky

Decatur, Alabama (under construction)
Leased facilities:

Manufacturing facility in Dublin, Ireland

Stave and heading mill in Jackson, Ohio


We lease office space in various markets that we use for administrative operations. The lease terms expire at various dates and are generally renewable.

We believe that theour facilities are in good condition and are adequate for our business.

Item 3.    Legal Proceedings

None.

Item 4.    Mine Safety Disclosures

Not Applicable.


13


PART II

Item 5.    Market for the Registrant’s Common Equity, Related Stockholder Matters and Issuer Purchases of Equity Securities

Our Class A and Class B common stock is traded on the New York Stock Exchange (symbols “BFA” and “BFB,” respectively). As of April 30, 2012,May 31, 2013, there were 2,9232,854 holders of record of Class A common stock and 5,8125,641 holders of record of Class B common stock.

13


The following table sets forth, for the quarterly periods indicated, the high and low sales prices per share for the Company’s Class A and Class B common stock, as reported on the New York Stock Exchange, and dividend per share information:

  Fiscal 2011  Fiscal 2012 
  First
Quarter
  Second
Quarter
  Third
Quarter
  Fourth
Quarter
  Year  First
Quarter
  Second
Quarter
  Third
Quarter
  Fourth
Quarter
  Year 

Market price per share:

          

Class A high

  65.13    65.55    71.88    73.34    73.34    74.15    75.70    81.53    85.45    85.45  

Class A low

  54.63    54.72    60.54    65.04    54.63    67.46    60.25    70.32    76.66    60.25  

Class B high

  65.05    65.03    73.00    73.73    73.73    77.25    77.56    83.53    87.26    87.26  

Class B low

  53.22    54.25    60.45    65.18    53.22    69.22    62.14    72.66    78.53    62.14  

Equity Compensation Plan Information

In July 2004, shareholders approved


  Fiscal 2012 Fiscal 2013
  
First
Quarter
 
Second
Quarter
 
Third
Quarter
 
Fourth
Quarter
 Year 
First
Quarter
 
Second
Quarter
 
Third
Quarter
 
Fourth
Quarter
 Year
Market price per share:                    
Class A high $49.43
 $50.47
 $54.35
 56.97
 $56.97
 $63.82
 $69.20
 $68.50
 $74.41
 $74.41
Class A low 44.97
 40.17
 46.88
 51.11
 40.17
 54.27
 58.67
 59.79
 65.31
 54.27
Class B high 51.50
 51.71
 55.69
 58.17
 58.17
 65.33
 67.91
 71.00
 71.99
 71.99
Class B low 46.15
 41.43
 48.44
 52.35
 41.43
 55.43
 60.44
 60.90
 63.84
 55.43
Cash dividends per share:                    
Declared 0.43
 
 0.47
 
 0.89
 0.47
 
 4.51
 
 4.98
Paid 0.21
 0.21
 0.23
 0.23
 0.89
 0.23
 0.23
 4.26
 0.26
 4.98
Notes:
Quarterly amounts may not add to amounts for the 2004 Omnibus Compensation Plan as the successoryear due to both the 1994 Omnibus Compensation Plan providing equity awards to employees and the Non-Employee Directors (“NED”) Plan providing equity awards to non-employee directors. At the time the NED Plan was discontinued, it had notrounding.
Per share amounts have been submitted to shareholders. The following table provides information on these plans asadjusted for a 3-for-2 stock split in August 2012.
Cash dividends per share include a special dividend of April 30, 2012:


Plan Category

  Number of Securities to Be
Issued Upon Exercise of
Outstanding Options,
Warrants and Rights
   Weighted-Average Exercise
Price of Outstanding
Options, Warrants and
Rights(1)
   Number of Securities
Remaining Available
for Future Issuance
Under Equity Compensation
Plans(2)
 

Equity compensation plans approved by security holders

   3,386,811    $51.12     3,865,042  

Equity compensation plans not approved by security holders

   30,197    $30.39     (3) 
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Total

   3,417,008    $50.94     3,865,042  

(1)

Grant prices were equal to the fair market value of the stock at the time of grant.

(2)

Securities available for issuance under the 2004 Omnibus Compensation Plan include stock, stock options, stock appreciation rights, market value units, and performance units.

(3)

No further awards can be made under the NED Plan.

$4.00 per share paid in December 2012.


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Table of Contents


Stock Performance Graph

This

The graph below compares the cumulative total shareholder return of our Class B Common Stock for the last five years with the Standard & Poor’s 500 Stock Index, Dow Jones U.S. Consumer Goods Index, and the Dow Jones U.SU.S. Food & Beverage Index. The information presented assumes an initial investment of $100 on April 30, 20072008, and that all dividends were reinvested. The cumulative returns shown on the graph represent the value that these investments would have had on April 30 in the years since 2007.

The following table provides information about shares2008.


15

Table of our common stock that we repurchased during the quarter ended April 30, 2012:

Period

  Total
Number  of

Shares
Purchased
   Average
Price
Paid
per
Share
   Total
Number of
Shares
Purchased

as Part of
Publicly
Announced

Plans or
Programs
   Approximate
Dollar

Value of
Shares that

May Yet Be
Purchased
Under the
Plans or
Programs
 

February 1, 2012 — February 29, 2012

                    

March 1, 2012 — March 31, 2012

                    

April 1, 2012 — April 30, 2012

   7,285    $84.59            

Total

   7,285    $84.59         

The shares presented in the above table were received from employees to satisfy income tax withholding obligations triggered by the vesting of restricted shares.

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Contents


Item 6.    Selected Financial Data

The following selected financial data for each of the fiscal years in the ten-year period ended April 30, 2012,2013, should be read in conjunction with “ItemItem 7. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations”Operations and our Consolidated Financial Statements and Notes thereto contained in “ItemItem 8. Financial Statements and Supplementary Data”Data of this report on Form 10-K.

BROWN-FORMAN CORPORATION

SELECTED FINANCIAL DATA

(Dollars in millions, except per share amounts)

Year Ended April 30,

 2003  2004  2005  2006  2007  2008  2009  2010  2011  2012 

Continuing Operations:

          

Net sales

  1,795    1,992    2,195    2,412    2,806    3,282    3,192    3,226    3,404    3,614  

Gross profit

  900    1,024    1,156    1,308    1,481    1,695    1,577    1,611    1,724    1,795  

Operating income

  341    383    445    563    602    685    661    710    855    788  

Income from continuing operations

  222    243    339    395    400    440    435    449    572    513  

Weighted average shares used to calculate earnings per share

          

— Basic

  168.4    151.7    152.2    152.6    153.6    153.1    150.5    147.8    145.6    143.0  

— Diluted

  168.9    152.5    153.1    154.3    155.2    154.4    151.4    148.6    146.5    144.1  

Earnings per share from continuing operations

          

— Basic

  1.32    1.60    2.23    2.59    2.60    2.87    2.88    3.03    3.92    3.59  

— Diluted

  1.32    1.59    2.22    2.56    2.58    2.84    2.87    3.02    3.90    3.56  

Gross margin

  50.1  51.4  52.7  54.2  52.8  51.6  49.4  50.0  50.7  49.7

Operating margin

  19.0  19.2  20.3  23.3  21.5  20.9  20.7  22.0  25.1  21.8

Effective tax rate

  33.6  33.1  32.6  29.3  31.7  31.7  31.1  34.1  31.0  32.5

Average invested capital

  1,266    1,392    1,535    1,863    2,431    2,747    2,893    2,825    2,711    2,803  

Return on average invested capital

  18.0  18.5  23.0  21.9  17.4  17.2  15.9  16.6  21.8  19.1

Total Company:

          

Cash dividends declared per common share

  0.58    0.64    0.73    0.84    0.93    1.03    1.12    1.18    2.24    1.34  

Average stockholders’ equity

  1,290    936    1,198    1,397    1,700    1,668    1,793    1,870    1,904    2,046  

Total assets at April 30

  2,264    2,376    2,649    2,728    3,551    3,405    3,475    3,383    3,712    3,477  

Long-term debt at April 30

  629    630    351    351    422    417    509    508    504    503  

Total debt at April 30

  829    679    630    576    1,177    1,006    999    699    759    510  

Cash flow from operations

  243    304    396    343    355    534    491    545    527    516  

Return on average stockholders’ equity

  18.7  27.1  25.7  22.9  22.9  26.4  24.2  24.0  30.0  25.1

Total debt to total capital

  49.4  38.3  32.5  26.9  42.8  36.8  35.5  26.9  26.9  19.8

Dividend payout ratio

  41.1  38.2  36.1  40.0  36.8  35.8  38.9  38.7  57.0  37.4

Year Ended April 30,2004200520062007200820092010201120122013
Continuing Operations:          
Net sales$1,992
2,195
2,412
2,806
3,282
3,192
3,226
3,404
3,614
3,784
Gross profit$1,024
1,156
1,308
1,481
1,695
1,577
1,611
1,724
1,795
1,955
Operating income$383
445
563
602
685
661
710
855
788
898
Net income$243
339
395
400
440
435
449
572
513
591
Weighted average shares used to calculate earnings per share          
— Basic227.5
228.3
228.9
230.4
229.6
225.7
221.8
218.4
214.5
213.4
— Diluted228.7
229.7
231.4
232.8
231.6
227.1
222.9
219.8
216.1
215.0
Earnings per share from continuing operations          
— Basic$1.07
1.49
1.73
1.74
1.91
1.92
2.02
2.61
2.39
2.77
— Diluted$1.06
1.48
1.71
1.72
1.89
1.91
2.01
2.60
2.37
2.75
Gross margin51.4%52.7%54.2%52.8%51.6%49.4%50.0%50.7%49.7%51.7%
Operating margin19.2%20.3%23.3%21.5%20.9%20.7%22.0%25.1%21.8%23.7%
Effective tax rate33.1%32.6%29.3%31.7%31.7%31.1%34.1%31.0%32.5%31.7%
Average invested capital$1,392
1,535
1,863
2,431
2,747
2,893
2,825
2,711
2,803
2,834
Return on average invested capital18.5%23.0%21.9%17.4%17.2%15.9%16.6%21.8%19.1%21.7%
Total Company:          
Cash dividends declared per common share$0.43
0.49
0.56
0.62
0.69
0.75
0.78
1.49
0.89
4.98
Average stockholders’ equity$936
1,198
1,397
1,700
1,668
1,793
1,870
1,904
2,046
1,879
Total assets at April 30$2,376
2,649
2,728
3,551
3,405
3,475
3,383
3,712
3,477
3,626
Long-term debt at April 30$630
351
351
422
417
509
508
504
503
997
Total debt at April 30$679
630
576
1,177
1,006
999
699
759
510
1,002
Cash flow from operations$304
396
343
355
534
491
545
527
516
537
Return on average stockholders’ equity27.1%25.7%22.9%22.9%26.4%24.2%24.0%30.0%25.1%31.4%
Total debt to total capital38.3%32.5%26.9%42.8%36.8%35.5%26.9%26.9%19.8%38.1%
Dividend payout ratio38.2%36.1%40.0%36.8%35.8%38.9%38.7%57.0%37.4%179.8%
Notes:

1.

Includes the consolidated results of Finlandia Vodka Worldwide, Tuoni e Canepa, Swift & Moore, Chambord, and Casa Herradura since their acquisitions in December 2002, February 2003, February 2006, May 2006, and January 2007, respectively.

Includes the results of our Hopland-based wine brands, which were sold in April 2011 but retained in our portfolio as agency brands through December 2011.

2.

Weighted average shares, earnings per share, and cash dividends declared per common share have been adjusted for a 2-for-1 common stock split in January 2004, and a 5-for-4 common stock split in October 2008.

2008, and a 3-for-2 stock split in August 2012.

16


3.

Cash dividends declared per common share include special cash dividends of $0.67 per share in fiscal 2011 includes a special cash dividend of $1.00and $4.00 per share.

share in fiscal 2013.

4.

We define return on average invested capital as the sum of net income (excluding extraordinary items) and after-tax interest expense, divided by average invested capital. Invested capital equals assets less liabilities, excluding interest-bearing debt.

5.

We define return on average stockholders’ equity as net income applicable to common stock divided by average stockholders’ equity.

6.

We define total debt to total capital as total debt divided by the sum of total debt and stockholders’ equity.

7.

We define dividend payout ratio as cash dividends divided by net income.

17


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Table of Contents

Item 7.    Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations

The following Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations (“MD&A”)(MD&A) is intended to help the reader understand Brown-Forman, our operations, and our present business environment. MD&A is provided as a supplement to — and should be read in conjunction with — our consolidated financial statements and the accompanying notes thereto contained in “ItemItem 8. Financial Statements and Supplementary Data”Data of this report on Form 10-K.

Important Information on Forward-Looking Statements:

The information contained in this Item 7 includes statements, estimates, and projections that are “forward-looking statements” as defined under U.S. federal securities laws. In addition to the risks and uncertainties described in Part I, “Item 1A. Risk Factors,” you should carefully consider the following factors, which could materially affect our business, financial condition or results of operations in future periods. Except as required by law, we do not intend to update or revise any forward-looking statements, whether as a result of new information, future events, or otherwise.

declining or depressed global or regional economic conditions, particularly in the Euro zone; political, financial, or credit or capital market instability; supplier, customer or consumer credit or other financial problems; bank failures or governmental debt defaults

failure to develop or implement effective business, portfolio and brand strategies, including the increased U.S. penetration and international expansion of Jack Daniel’s Tennessee Honey, innovation, marketing and promotional activity, and route-to-consumer

unfavorable trade or consumer reaction to our new products, product line extensions, price changes, marketing, or changes in formulation, flavor or packaging

inventory fluctuations in our products by distributors, wholesalers, or retailers

competitors’ consolidation or other competitive activities such as pricing actions (including price reductions, promotions, discounting, couponing or free goods), marketing, category expansion, product introductions, entry or expansion in our geographic markets

declines in consumer confidence or spending, whether related to the economy (such as austerity measures, tax increases, high fuel costs, or higher unemployment), wars, natural or other disasters, weather, pandemics, security concerns, terrorist attacks or other factors

changes in tax rates (including excise, sales, VAT, tariffs, duties, corporate, individual income, dividends, capital gains) or in related reserves, changes in tax rules (e.g., LIFO, foreign income deferral, U.S. manufacturing and other deductions) or accounting standards, and the unpredictability and suddenness with which they can occur

governmental or other restrictions on our ability to produce, import, sell, price, or market our products, including advertising and promotion in either traditional or new media; regulatory compliance costs

business disruption, decline or costs related to organizational changes, reductions in workforce or other cost-cutting measures

lower returns or discount rates related to pension assets, interest rate fluctuations, inflation or deflation

fluctuations in the U.S. dollar against foreign currencies, especially the euro, British pound, Australian dollar, Polish zloty or Mexican peso

changes in consumer behavior or preferences and our ability to anticipate and respond to them, including societal attitudes or cultural trends that result in reduced consumption of our products; reduction of bar, restaurant, hotel or other on-premise business or travel

consumer shifts away from spirits or premium-priced spirits products; shifts to discount store purchases or other price-sensitive consumer behavior

18


distribution and other route-to-consumer decisions or changes that affect the timing of our sales, temporarily disrupt the marketing or sale of our products, or result in implementation-related or higher fixed costs

effects of acquisitions, dispositions, joint ventures, business partnerships or investments, or their termination, including acquisition, integration or termination costs, disruption or other difficulties, or impairment in the recorded value of assets (e.g. receivables, inventory, fixed assets, goodwill, trademarks and other intangibles)

lower profits, due to factors such as fewer or less profitable used barrel sales, lower production volumes, decreased demand or inability to meet consumer demand for products we sell, sales mix shift toward lower priced or lower margin SKUs, or cost increases in energy or raw materials, such as grain, agave, wood, glass, plastic, or closures

natural disasters, climate change, agricultural uncertainties, environmental or other catastrophes, or other factors that affect the availability, price, or quality of agave, grain, glass, energy, closures, plastic, water, or wood, or that cause supply chain disruption or disruption at our production facilities or aging warehouses

negative publicity related to our company, brands, marketing, personnel, operations, business performance or prospects

product counterfeiting, tampering, contamination, or recalls and resulting negative effects on our sales, brand equity, or corporate reputation

significant costs or other adverse developments stemming from class action, intellectual property, governmental, or other major litigation; or governmental investigations of beverage alcohol industry business, trade, or marketing practices by us, our importers, distributors, or retailers

EXECUTIVE OVERVIEW

Brown-Forman Corporation is a diversified producer and marketer of high-quality consumer beverage alcohol brands. We are one of the largest American-owned wine and spirits companies and our products include Tennessee, Canadian, and Kentucky whiskeys; Kentucky bourbon; tequila; vodka; liqueur; California sparkling wine; table wine; and ready-to-drink (RTD) and ready-to-pour (RTP) products. We have more than 30 brands, including Jack Daniel’s and its related brands; Finlandia; Southern Comfort; Herradura; el Jimador; New Mix; Canadian Mist; Chambord; Tuaca; Woodford Reserve; Sonoma-Cutrer; and Korbel Champagne. Our brands are sold in more than 135 countries, and our largest operations are in the United States, Mexico, Australia, the United Kingdom, Germany, and Poland.

with global reach.

OUR STRATEGIES AND OBJECTIVES

This year, we introduced our latest version of the

The B-F Arrow is an articulation of our vision, mission, values, and behaviors. On the arrow’s target is the phrase “Building Forever,” reflecting our long-term perspective and our desire to remain a strong, independent company indefinitely. When we consider the company’s performance in fiscal 2012 and our future outlook, we believe our underlying growth rates in operating income will continue to be at or near the top tier in our industry.

19


Brown-Forman’s underlying results this fiscal year were in the high single digits for net sales and operating income. We generated a total shareholder return (TSR) of 22% versus the S&P 500’s TSR of only 5% for the 12 months ending April 30, 2012. We accomplished this by focusing on organic growth, geographic expansion, brand innovation, careful portfolio management, and strategic investments in emerging markets.


In the summer of 2010, we introduced our ten-year strategy, the Brown-Forman 150, focused on driving sustainable growth withtoward the potentialcompany’s 150th anniversary. We do not consider our strategy to doublebe static. So, as time passes and the size ofenvironment around us unfolds, we revisit and evolve our business over the succeeding decade.strategy to reflect current realities. Our strategic ambitions are as follows:

discussed below.

The Jack Daniel’s family of brands, including Black Label, will remainJack Daniel’s Tennessee Whiskey, is our most valuable asset, and we will continue to support it as one of the world’s largest premium spirits brands.asset. We will work to keep the Jack Daniel’s Black LabelTennessee Whiskey strong, healthy, and relevant to consumers worldwide, and to take advantage of the abundant opportunities for growing the current Jack Daniel’s family and future line extensionsof brands across countries, price segments,points, channels, and consumer groups.

We aspire to become a global leader in whiskey. To achieveWe recognize that whiskey is the most attractive global spirits category, and we believe we can leverage our whiskey-making knowledge, assets, and capabilities to accomplish this weobjective. We will strive to grow Jack Daniel’s globally, as well as our other whiskey brands, led by Woodford Reserve, in key markets, and we will consider acquisitions and innovations within the whiskey category. We will continue our efforts to enhance and broaden consumer appeal of the Southern Comfort trademark.
We aim to grow Finlandia and Herradura. We plan to focus our vodka brands regionally, emphasizingFinlandia in Poland, Russia, Eastern Europe, and the United States, and look for additionalto add other vodka brands either through acquisition or innovation, especially in the premium and super-premium price categories.

We will also work to expand the reach of our tequila brands, Herradura and el Jimador, to new consumers, emphasizing Mexico, the United States, and a few other high-potential markets.

We will consider entering growing, profitable, local spirit categories in key markets. Realizing this potential will require innovative products and packaging to seize new business opportunities and to leverage our brands into new consumption patterns.

occasions.

The United States remains our largest market, and continuing to grow this market is important to our long-term success. We expect to effect this growth through stronger participation in fast-growing spirits categories such as flavored whiskey, super-premium bourbon, vodka, and tequila; continued product and packaging innovation; continued route-to-consumer proficiency; and brand building among growing consumer segments.

For nearlymore than two decades, our business outside the United States has grown more quickly than our business within it. Continuing this trend is important to our overall growth in the next decade.decade, especially in emerging markets. To realize this strategy,

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we expect to grow our portfolio in developed markets such as France, Australia, the United Kingdom, and Germany and in emerging markets such as Poland, Mexico, and Turkey.Russia. And we expect other emerging markets such as Brazil, Russia, India,China, Southeast Asia, Africa, and ChinaEastern Europe to gain significantly in importance. To assist us in our strategy, weWe will alsocontinue to strive to develop and employ route-to-consumer strategies that will expand our access to and understanding of consumers.

We believe that having a long-term focused, committed, and engaged shareholder base provides us with an important strategic advantage, particularly in a business with aged products and multi-generational brands. As such, we plan to continue our engagement with our controlling family shareholders.
Recognizing the strong cash generating capacity and the capital efficiency of our business, we will continue to pursue what we believe to be well-balanced capital deployment strategies aimed at perpetuating Brown-Forman’s strength and independence.
We try to be responsible in everything we do - from reducing our environmental footprint to managing how we market our brands. We believe that this responsibility is also a rich source of opportunity: It allows us to build stronger consumer relationships and enduring brands, make our products more efficiently, enhance our business efforts, and maintain the trust required for our commercial freedoms. Corporate responsibilityWe have a comprehensive environmental sustainability strategy, which includes not only(a) assessing climate change risks related to the availability and prices of our civic obligations but alsokey agricultural inputs, including grains, agave, and grapes, and (b) mitigating these risks where appropriate. Environmental stewardship through our products’ entire environmentalproduct life cycles: how we produce or source our raw materials, how we set and maintain production standards, and how we package and distribute our products. Environmental stewardshipcycle is central to our broader social responsibilities, as is our commitment to contribute to the quality of life in the communities where our employees live, work, and raise their families.

For more information on our commitment to responsibility, please see our forthcoming Corporate Responsibility Report, which will be published later this summer.

OUR OPERATIONS AND OUR MARKETS

We employ aroundapproximately 4,000 people on six continents. We are headquartered in Louisville, Kentucky, USA, where we employ about 1,200 people. We have sales and marketing operations in Louisville, London, Sydney, Hamburg, Guadalajara, Prague, and Warsaw, as well as in over 30 other cities around the globe.

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Our production facilities include distillery, bottling, and warehousing operations in Louisville and Versailles, Kentucky, and in Lynchburg, Tennessee, and distilling and warehousing operations in Collingwood, Ontario.Canada. Our main tequila production facility is at Casa Herradura in Amatitán, Mexico. We also have production facilities in Cour-Cheverny, France; Dublin, Ireland; and Windsor, California, and contract production in Australia, Belgium, Finland, Ireland, Japan, Mexico, the Netherlands, Poland, South Africa, and the United States. OurWe believe our Brown-Forman Cooperage operation in Louisville is the world’s largest producer of whiskey barrels. We have a new cooperage under construction in Decatur, Alabama. Our saw mills in Stevenson, Alabama; Clifton, Tennessee; and Jackson, Ohio, supply the cooperage with wood.

We operate distribution companies

OUR MARKETS
Our products are sold in 11more than 150 countries around the world. Our largest international markets where we sell directly to retailers and wholesalers:include Australia, Brazil,the United Kingdom, Mexico, Germany, Poland, France, Russia, Japan, Turkey, Canada, China, theSpain, Czech Republic, Germany, Korea, Mexico, Poland, Taiwan,South Africa, Brazil and Turkey.

Italy. Our fiscal 2013 net sales by geography were as follows:

United States41%
Europe30%
Australia14%
Other15%
Over the last 10 years, we have made tremendous strides in expandinggreatly expanded our international footprint. Today,In fiscal 2013, we sell our brands in more than 135 countries and generate 58%generated 59% of our net sales outside the United States.States compared to less than one-third 10 years ago. The United States remains our largest, most important market, contributing 42%41% of our net sales in fiscal 2012,2013, compared to 45%42% in fiscal 2011. Our reported net sales in the United States were flat for fiscal 2012 because lower revenues associated with the divestiture of the Hopland-based wine business to Chilean wine producer Viña Concha y Toro S.A. in April 2011 essentially offset growth on our active brands. Our net sales outside the United States grew at about 11% on both an as-reported and constant-currency basis. (“Constant-currency,” a non-GAAP measure, represents reported net sales with the effect of currency fluctuations removed. We calculate constant currency by translating current year results at prior year rates. We present our sales data on a constant-dollar basis because exchange rate fluctuations can distort the underlying change in sales, either positively or negatively. “Underlying change,” another non-GAAP measure, represents the percentage change in reported financial results in accordance with U.S. GAAP, adjusted for certain items. We believe providing underlying change provides a framework to assess how our business performed relative to prior periods.)

Europe, our second-largest market, accounted for 27% of our net sales in both fiscal 2012 and fiscal 2011. For fiscal 2012, net sales in Europe were up about 7% on an as-reported basis. After adjusting for the effects of a stronger dollar, net sales in Europe were up 9%. Overall trading conditions for the industry remained positive in some parts of Europe but were weak in others, as consumers remained cautious regarding the economic outlook. Many Western European economies continued to struggle in fiscal 2012, including those in Spain, Italy, Greece, and Ireland, where overall consumption dropped again. Many Eastern Europe economies experienced positive trends, and consumers seemed to trade down from premium imported spirits less than in the prior year. Despite the tough economic conditions in many Western European countries, our business continued to expand across Europe, with broad-based gains in a number of markets (most notably, Germany, the United Kingdom, and

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France). Our flagship brand, Jack Daniel’s, continued to grow market share in European countries, including in France, Spain, Italy, Greece, and Germany.

Net sales for the rest of the world other than the United States and Europe constituted 31% of our total sales, where sales grew 15% in fiscal 2012 on an as-reported basis and 13% on a constant-currency basis. This growth was driven by:

2012.

expansion of our portfolio in Mexico, Australia, and Turkey;

the benefits of route-to-consumer changes we made during fiscal 2011 for Brazil and Russia and Turkey in fiscal 2012; and

growth in a number of Asian, Middle Eastern, North African, and CIS countries (the 12 countries formerly part of the Soviet Union).

Our main international markets include Australia, the United Kingdom, Mexico, Poland, Germany, France, Russia, Canada, Japan, Turkey, Spain, Italy, Czech Republic, South Africa, and Brazil. We continue to see significant long-term growth opportunities for our portfolio of brands in both developed and emerging markets, particularly in Eastern Europe, Asia, and Latin America.

The more we expand our business outside the United States, the more our financial results will be exposed to exchange rate fluctuations. This exposure includes sales of our brands in currencies other than the dollar and the cost of goods, services, and manpower we purchase in currencies other than the dollar. (In this report, “dollar” always means the U.S. dollar.) Because we sell more in local currencies than we purchase, we have a net exposure to changes in the dollar’s value. To buffer these exchange rate fluctuations, we regularly hedge a portion of our foreign currency exposure. But over the long term, our reported financial results will generally be hurt by a stronger dollar and helped by a weaker dollar.

During fiscal 2012, the overall global economic environment grew. U.S. consumers returned solidly to trading up to ultra, super-premium, and premium brands, as these were the fastest growing categories per Nielsen, while the value segment has declined recently. This trend, along with the resurgence of growth of bourbon in the United States and indications that some growth in total distilled spirits is coming again from price increases following the tough economic recession, provides us with some encouraging signs for the future of our business in the United States. Distributors’ and retailers’ inventory levels remained stable over the past year.

Economists are generally projecting GDP to remain positive in most countries (except in Western Europe), but slowing trends overall. As a result, we believe the macro environment will remain volatile. While we

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anticipate the pricing environment to improve and we expect to take price increases across many brands and markets, the potential threat of tax increases from governments around the world could constrain our near-term performance. Nevertheless, the long-term growth potential for high-quality spirits remains positive due to favorable demographic trends and continued consumer desire for premium brands. This is particularly true in many emerging markets, where demographic trends are favorable and Western-style premium brands are aspirational.

OUR BRANDS

Our objectives for growing sales and earnings are based on expanding the reach of our brands geographically, introducing new brand offerings, acquiring brands, increasing prices, and divesting non-core and under-performing assets. Over the past several years, we have made significant advances in each area, including:

expanding international sales;

developing new flavors in the vodka, new flavor line extensions (Jack Daniel’s Tennessee Honey; Chambord Flavored Vodkas; Southern Comfort Lime), ready-to-drink (RTD), and read-to-pour (RTP) categories;

acquiring the Casa Herradura tequila brands1and Chambord liqueur in fiscal 2007;

increasing prices strategically;

completing the divesture of our consumer durables business in fiscal 2007;

divesting our Italian wine brands, Bolla and Fontana Candida, in fiscal 2009; and

selling the Hopland-based wine business2 to Chilean wine producer Viña Concha y Toro S.A. in April 2011.

We built on these objectives in fiscal 2012 as we achieved record net sales by:

continuing our international growth;

developing new packaging and flavors for a number of brands in our portfolio;

leveraging our existing assets by introducing several of our brands, including RTD offerings, in a number of markets around the world;

introducing innovative brands and line extensions such as Southern Comfort Fiery Pepper, Southern Comfort Bold Black Cherry, and Little Black Dress vodka; and

acquiring Maximus vodka.

Total depletions (shipments direct to retailers or from distributors to wholesalers and retailers) for the active brands in our portfolio were 36 million nine-liter cases, up 9% over the volumes in fiscal 2011 for comparable brands. Eight of our brands experienced depletions of more than one million nine-liter cases in fiscal 2012.

Jack Daniel’s Tennessee Whiskey is the signature brand in our portfolio and one of the largest, most profitable spirits brands in the world. Global depletions for Jack Daniel’s accelerated in fiscal 2012, growing 8%, an improvement from its 4% growth in fiscal 2011. The brand grew volumes about 2% in its largest market, the United States, and 6% in the United Kingdom, the brand’s largest market outside the United States. Jack Daniel’s experienced double-digit depletion growth in several markets, including France, Russia, Poland, travel retail, Mexico, Turkey, Belgium, and Brazil with single-digit growth across many more markets, including Germany, Japan, Canada, and Australia.

1

Brands include el Jimador, Herradura, New Mix (a tequila-based RTD product), Antiguo, and Suave 35.

2

Included in this sale were the Fetzer winery, bottling facility, and vineyards, as well as the Fetzer brand and other Hopland, California-based wines, including Bonterra, Little Black Dress, Jekel, Five Rivers, Bel Arbor, Coldwater Creek, and Sanctuary. Also included in the sale was a facility in Paso Robles, California. See Note 13 to our consolidated financial statements for details of this sale.

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Jack Daniel’s outpaced the combined growth of the top 100 spirits brands (according to a February 2012 report by Impact Databank, a New York-based industry research group) while growing share of the top five premium global spirits brands overall. These achievements underscore the brand’s iconic image while reinforcing our belief in its long-term appeal and sustained growth potential.

Because Jack Daniel’s generates a significant percentage of our total net sales and earnings, it remains a top priority, vital to our overall performance. Any significant decline in Jack Daniel’s volume or selling price, or a disruption in our supply chain, particularly over an extended time, could materially depress our earnings. We remain encouraged by the brand’s resilience over the past few years in the face of a challenging economic environment and the opportunities for continued growth in both emerging and developed markets. Our plans in fiscal 2013 include price increases around the globe for the brand in the 3 to 5% range. We believe the environment has improved enough in many markets around the world for us to increase the price of this premium brand, but we are uncertain how the trade and consumers will react. We intend to monitor the reaction closely and to be flexible in adapting where necessary.

The Jack Daniel’s family of brands, which includesJack Daniel’s Tennessee Whiskey,Gentleman Jack, Jack Daniel’s Single Barrel, Jack Daniel’s Tennessee Honey, and RTD products such asJack Daniel’s & Cola, Jack Daniel’s & Diet Cola, Jack Daniel’s & Ginger, andJack Daniel’s Country Cocktails, grew volumes 20% globally on a nine-liter case basis in fiscal 2012 and 55% on a drinks-equivalent basis. (Equivalent depletions represent the conversion of single-serve RTD and RTP brands to a similar drink equivalent as the parent brand. RTD / RTP nine-liter case volume is divided by 10.) Net sales of the brand family grew 12% on both an as-reported basis and a constant-currency basis. Jack Daniel’s line extensions grew at a faster rate than Jack Daniel’s Tennessee Whiskey itself due to the successful introduction of Jack Daniel’s Tennessee Honey in the United States and the double-digit growth of Gentleman Jack, Single Barrel, and RTD line extensions internationally.

Gentleman Jack’s geographic expansion to markets outside the United States continued in fiscal 2012, as depletions grew 15%, and net sales grew nearly 12% on an as-reported basis and about 10% on a constant-currency basis. Jack Daniel’s Single Barrel’s fiscal 2012 depletions grew 18% after a 12% increase in fiscal 2011, reflecting this brand’s expansion in markets outside the United States. Net sales for the brand increased over 23% on both an as-reported and constant-currency basis. As with Jack Daniel’s Tennessee Whiskey, we plan to increase prices on these brands in fiscal 2013 in some markets.

Strong growth continued in fiscal 2012 for the Jack Daniel’s RTD brands, where depletions grew 12% on a nine-liter basis in fiscal 2011 (on top of a 17% increase in fiscal 2011), and net sales increased 16% on an as-reported basis and 11% on a constant-currency basis. This growth was fueled by volume gains in Germany, Mexico, and the United Kingdom, and the expansion of the products into other markets including Poland, Japan, and South Africa. Price increases in both Germany and Australia also boosted the net sales growth of these brands. We believe Jack Daniel’s RTDs will continue to provide a growth opportunity for us, as they offer not only an appealing, great-tasting, convenient expression of the brand but also an effective marketing tool for the parent brand.

In late fiscal 2011, we introduced a new line extension in the United States, Jack Daniel’s Tennessee Honey, the first such extension for Jack Daniel’s in over a decade. Depletions in the brand’s first full year exceeded 450,000 nine-liter cases and the brand was named to IMPACT’s ‘Hot Brands’ list in calendar 2011.

Finlandia and Southern Comfort are our two next-most-important brands. In fiscal 2012, Finlandia gained share in its largest market, Poland, and in several other eastern European markets. The brand grew depletions significantly in Russia due in part to soft comparisons from a year ago, which included disruption associated with the transition to a new distributor there. The brand lost market share in the United States. Global net sales for Finlandia increased 7% on an as-reported and 9% on a constant-currency basis, driven by high single-digit growth in global volumes.

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The Southern Comfort family of brands’ global depletions declined 2% in fiscal 2012, while net sales declined 7% on both an as-reported basis and on a constant-currency basis. We believe the parent brand continued to be hurt by increased competition from flavored whiskeys, flavored vodkas, and spiced rums, particularly those often consumed on premise in shots.

To reinvigorate the brand’s growth and to realize our objective of expanding our existing trademarks into new business opportunities, we introducedSouthern Comfort Fiery Pepper in the United States during fiscal 2012 andSouthern Comfort Bold Cherry in the United Kingdom late in the fiscal year. We also expandedSouthern Comfort Lime to other markets, including South Africa. These initiatives helped to partially offset the decline for the parent. In fiscal 2013, we plan to use several strategies in our efforts to return the brand to growth by continuing to deliver new flavor innovation, by launching a new parent brand communication campaign, and by making a significant increase in media investment. We selected a new creative agency partner in late fiscal 2012 to help develop a new communication platform for the Southern Comfort family. We also intend to improve the parent brand formulation, to expand the portfolio by introducing new line extensions such as Cherry & Cola RTD, and to expand recently developed flavors geographically. We believe these targeted efforts will improve the trends for the Southern Comfort.

In fiscal 2012, we continued to grow our tequila and tequila-based brands acquired as part of our fiscal 2007 Casa Herradura acquisition.El Jimador, the #1 selling tequila brand in Mexico, grew depletions 1% globally, as 8% gains in the United States offset modest declines in Mexico, its largest market. Depletion trends for the super-premium Herradura brand remained strong, growing by double digits globally for the second consecutive year. We believe the new package for Herradura, introduced during fiscal 2011, has prompted its strong growth.

One way we anticipate leveraging our tequila assets is by continuing to introduce the portfolio in selective markets around the world. And while our focus is on building our tequila portfolio in the United States (where we see considerable potential for growth), and strengthening our position in Mexico, our tequila brands have considerable opportunities for growth elsewhere. We plan to further distribute our tequila brands in fiscal 2013 in Brazil, Germany, Russia, and Australia and to introduce line extensions and new flavors forNew Mix, tequila-based RTD brands.

Depletion trends declined for some of our mid-priced brands, includingKorbel Champagne andCanadian Mist. These are largely U.S.-based, off-premise-driven brands in price-competitive segments or challenging categories. We expect longer-term depletion growth for most of these brands to be modest, at best.

We remain encouraged by the resilience of our small-but-growing super-premium brands such asWoodford Reserve, Sonoma-Cutrer, Chambord, Collingwood, and Tuaca. Woodford Reserve and Sonoma-Cutrer posted double-digit depletion gains in fiscal 2012. We are optimistic about the growth opportunities of many of our brands in this category, and we believe longer-term global growth prospects for brands like Woodford Reserve to be strong.

OUR DISTRIBUTION NETWORK AND OUR CUSTOMERS

To expand our brands’ global reach, we need to ensure that consumers can find our products whenever and wherever they seek a premium beverage alcohol brand. To broaden access, we use a variety of distribution models based on (1) a market’s long-term attractiveness and competitive dynamics and (2) our portfolio’s development stage in that market. We seek to choose the most appropriate model to optimize our access to consumers in that market at that time, but that choice can evolve as market dynamics change and as our portfolio matures.

We own and operate distribution networks in almost a dozen markets, including Australia, Brazil, Canada, China, the Czech Republic, Germany, Korea, Mexico, Poland, Taiwan, and Turkey – having added Turkey to this list in fiscal 2012. In these markets, we sell our products either directly to retail stores or to wholesalers. In the United Kingdom, we partner in a cost-sharing arrangement with another supplier, Bacardi, to sell a combined portfolio of our companies’ brands.

25


In the United States, which generally prohibits wine and spirits manufacturers from selling their products directly to consumers, we sell our portfolio of brands either to wholesalersdistributors or (in states that directly control alcohol sales) to state governments that then sell to retail customers and consumers. In some markets,states, we have distribution contracts; these contracts typically have no fixed term, but we can terminate them at any time if we pay a terminated distributor a fee (primarily based primarily on a percentage of purchases over time.time). Some state franchise statutes limit our ability to terminate distributors or mandate a payment to a terminated distributor.

Outside the United States, we use a variety of distribution models based on (1) a market’s long-term attractiveness and competitive dynamics, (2) our portfolio’s development stage in that market, and (3) the structure of the retail and wholesale trade in the market. As market dynamics change or our business changes, we evaluate our distribution strategy and, from time to time,

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evolve our model. We own and operate distribution companies in 11 markets, including Australia, Brazil, Canada, China, the Czech Republic, Germany, Korea, Mexico, Poland, Taiwan, and Turkey. We announced in fiscal 2013 that we plan to begin operating our own distribution company in France in January 2014. In these markets, we sell our products either directly to retail stores, to wholesalers, or in Canada, to provincial governments. In the United Kingdom, we partner in a cost-sharing arrangement with another supplier, Bacardi, to sell a combined portfolio of our companies’ brands. In many other markets, including France, Japan, Spain, Italy, Russia, and Italy,South Africa, we rely heavily on others to distribute our brands. In most of these countries, we have fixed-term distribution contracts. During fiscal 2013,2014, we plan to review our route-to-consumer arrangements in a number of countries where our contracts are due to expire, including FranceRussia and Japan as part of contract expirations.

While rare, consolidationSouth Africa.

Consolidation among United States wholesalersour distributors or among international spirits producers could hinderaffect the distribution of our products-future distribution.products. Such a consolidation could reduce attention to our brands, make our brands a smaller portion of a wholesaler’s or distributor’s business, or otherwise change the competitive environment.

We expect to continue to pursue strategies and partnerships that will improve our in-market brand-building efforts. But in the short term, if we change our route-to-consumer in a market, we could experience temporary sales disruptions, transition expenses, and costs of establishing infrastructure that more than offset initial margin gains.

For example, we expect this could be the case in fiscal 2014 as we establish our distribution company in France.

OUR BRANDS
We have more than 30 brands, including Jack Daniel’s and its related brands; Finlandia; Southern Comfort; Herradura; el Jimador; New Mix; Canadian Mist; Chambord; Tuaca; Woodford Reserve; Sonoma-Cutrer; and Korbel Champagne.
The most important brand in our portfolio is Jack Daniel’s, which is the fifth-largest spirits brand and the largest selling American whiskey brand in the world according to premium spirits volume statistics published in February 2013 by Impact Databank, a well-known U.S. trade publication. Our other leading global brands are Finlandia, the sixth-largest selling vodka, Southern Comfort, the third-largest selling liqueur, Canadian Mist, the fourth-largest selling Canadian whisky, and el Jimador, the fourth-largest selling tequila, according to the recently published global volume statistics referenced above. We believe the statistics used to rank these products are reasonably accurate.
We support our brands with extensive marketing programs aimed to increase brand recognition, brand loyalty, and consumer purchases. Our objectives for growing sales and earnings are based on expanding the reach of our brands geographically, introducing new brand offerings, increasing prices, acquiring brands, and divesting non-core and under-performing assets. Over the past several years, we have made significant advances in each of these areas, including:
expanding international sales;
developing new line extensions in our Jack Daniel’s family of brands, including most importantly Jack Daniel’s Tennessee Honey, Jack Daniel’s Winter Jack, and Gentleman Jack & Cola ready-to-drinks (RTD);
developing new flavors for our vodkas (Chambord Flavored Vodka, Little Black dress vodkas, new Finlandia flavors); new flavor line extensions for the Southern Comfort trademark (Southern Comfort Lime and Southern Comfort Black Cherry); and various ready-to-pour (RTP) and RTD offerings;
acquiring the Casa Herradura tequila brands1 and Chambord liqueur in fiscal 2007;
implementing targeted price increases;
completing the divestiture of our consumer durables business in fiscal 2007;
divesting wine assets including (a) our Italian wine brands, Bolla and Fontana Candida, in fiscal 2009; and (b) our Hopland-based wine business in fiscal 2011.
We built on these objectives in fiscal 2013 as we achieved record net sales by:
continuing our international growth;
increasing prices more broadly and to a greater extent than in recent years;
introducing several of our successful innovations in a number of markets around the world, most notably Jack Daniel’s Tennessee Honey in the United Kingdom, Australia, Poland and South Africa;
launching Jack Daniel’s Sinatra Select, an ultra-premium line extension for the Jack Daniel’s family of brands;
developing new packaging and flavors for a number of brands in our portfolio.
Total volumes for the brands in our portfolio were approximately 38 million nine-liter cases in fiscal 2013, up 4% compared to volumes in fiscal 2012 for comparable brands. As shown in the table on page 24, eight of our brands had volumes of more than one million nine-liter cases in fiscal 2013.
1

Brands include el Jimador, Herradura, New Mix (a tequila-based RTD product), Antiguo, and Suave 35.



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OUR COMPETITION

We operate in a highly competitive industry. We compete against many global, regional, and local brands in a variety of categories of beverage alcohol, but most of our brands compete primarily in the industry’s premium end. We compete based on taste, product quality, brand image, and higher price — all in response to consumer preferences.categories. While the industry is highly fragmented, other major players include Bacardi Limited, Beam Inc., Constellation Brands, Inc., Davide Campari-Milano S.p.A., Diageo PLC, LVMH Moët Hennessy Louis Vuitton S.A., Pernod Ricard S.A., and Rémy Cointreau S.A. Trade information indicates that we are one of the largest suppliers of wine and spirits in the United States. According to International Wine & Spirit Research, for calendar year 2011,2012, the ten largest global spirits companies (on a volume basis) controlled only aboutless than 20% of the total global market for spirits, and in Asia their share was around 16%.spirits. We believe the overall market environment offers considerable growth opportunities for exceptional builders of high-quality wine and spirits brands.

OUR BUSINESS ENVIRONMENT

We believe that Brown-Forman’s long-term prospects are excellent. With only approximately 1% share of the global spirits markets,market, we believe our company has a wide variety of geographic and portfolioattractive growth opportunities around the world. We anticipate theexpect that demand for spirits and wine towill continue to grow in mostmany of our largest markets over the mediummedium- and long term. Favorable demographic trends in the United States, Asia, and other markets encourage us as well.

We see enormous potential for our brands to continue to grow globally.long-term. Markets outside the United States accounted for only about 23%less than one-third of our net sales in fiscal 2002;2003; today our international business contributes 58%59% to our net sales — an average annual increase of 19%.sales. We see great opportunities for growth not only in emerging markets such as Brazil, Russia, India, and China, but also in economically developed ones such as the United Kingdom, France, and Australia.

Favorable demographic trends in Asia and many other emerging markets encourage us as well.

Several of our major brands have enjoyed long lives. For example, Jack Daniel received a license for his distillery in 1866, and the Herradura and Old Forester brands originated in 1870. We believe many of these brands can continue to grow for decades to come. The beverage alcohol business (especially the premium brands in our portfolio) provides exceptional gross profit margins and good returns. We also expect innovations, some of them line extensions of our brand innovationsestablished brands, to contributeadd to our growth.

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Public attitudes; government policies.    While we are optimistic about our growth opportunities, our ability to market and sell our products depends heavily on society’s attitudes toward drinking and government policies. A number of organizations blame alcohol manufacturers for the problems associated with alcohol misuse. Some critics claim that beverage alcohol companies intentionally market their products to encourage underage drinking. Legal or regulatory measures directed in response against beverage alcohol (including limitations on its advertising, promotion, sales and promotion)consumption) could adversely affect our sales and business prospects.

Illegal alcohol consumption by underage drinkers and abusive drinking by a minority of adult drinkers give rise to public issues of great significance. Alcohol industry critics seek governmental measures to make beverage alcohol more expensive, less available, and more difficult to advertise and promote. We believe these strategies are ineffective and ill-advised. In our view, society is more likely to curb alcohol abuse by better educating consumers about beverage alcohol and moderate drinking than by restricting alcohol advertising and sales, or by imposing punitive taxes.

We strongly oppose underage and abusive drinking. We carefully target our products only to adults of legal drinking age. We have developed a comprehensive internal marketing code and also adhere to marketing and advertising guidelines of the Distilled Spirits Council of the United States, the Wine Institute, and the European Forum for Responsible Drinking, among others. We contribute significant resources to the Century Council, an organization that we and other spirits producers created in 1991 to combat alcohol misuse, including drunk driving and underage drinking. We actively participate in similar organizations in our other markets.

Regulatory measures against our industry are of particular concern in Europe, where many countries are considering more-restrictive alcohol policies, such as potential bans or severe limitations on ready-to-drink products.

advertising. For example, both Russia and Turkey have recently adopted measures that ban many forms of beverage alcohol advertising and increase restrictions on sales.

In early 2011, the World Health Assembly (the governing body of the World Health Organization) approved a global strategy for combating the harmful use of alcohol. The strategy contains a menu of policy options that member states can tailor to their cultures and context. Importantly, the strategy recognizes the beverage alcohol industry as a legitimate stakeholder and puts the focus on reducing “harmful” or “excessive” use and abuse and not on drinking per se. We view this development as largely positive.
An important commitment of the beverage alcohol industry is the implementation of the Global Actions on Harmful Drinking in the World Health Assembly (the governing body of the World Health Organization) approved a global strategy for combating the harmful use of alcohol. The strategy contains a menu of policy options that member states can tailor to their cultures and context. Importantly, the strategy recognizes the beverage alcohol industry as a legitimate stakeholder and puts the focus on reducing “harmful” or “excessive” use and abuse and not on drinking per se. We view this development as largely positive.

An important commitment of the beverage alcohol industry is the implementation of the Global Actions on Harmful Drinking in the

We feel so strongly about the issue of responsible drinking that in 2009 we started a new website, OurThinking AboutDrinking.com, to present a public forum on the social issues implicated by youth and alcohol, drinking and driving, alcohol and health, overconsumption, and beverage alcohol marketing and access.

areas of preventing drunk driving, increasing uptake of self-regulation, and fighting non-commercial alcohol. The International Center for Alcohol Policies, a non-profit organization, is managing this significant effort just gettingnow under way in 18 countries. Major producers of beverage alcohol, including Brown-Forman, support this initiative.

In addition, our CEO has joined CEOs from several other large global beverage alcohol companies to put in writing five commitments they would undertake to further combat the harmful use of alcohol.


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We feel so strongly about the issue of responsible drinking that, since 2009, we have operated a website, OurThinkingAboutDrinking.com, to present a public forum on the social issues implicated by youth and alcohol, drinking and driving, alcohol and health, overconsumption, and beverage alcohol marketing and access.
Policy objectives.    Broadly speaking, we seek two things:

1.

recognition that beverage alcohol should be regarded like other products that have inherent benefits and risks, and

2.

equal treatment for distilled spirits, wine, and beer - all forms of beverage alcohol - by governments and their agencies.

We recognize that beverage alcohol, when misused or abused, can contribute to social and health issues. But we also believe strongly that beverage alcohol should be viewed like other consumer products - such as food and motor vehicles - that can also be hazardous if misused. Beverage alcohol plays an important part in enriching the lives of the vast majority of those who choose to drink. That is why we stress responsible

27


consumption as we promote our brands. It is also why we discourage underage drinking and irresponsible drinking, including drunk driving. The optimal way to discourage alcohol misuse and abuse is by partnering with parents, schools, law enforcement, and other concerned stakeholders.

Distilled spirits, wine, and beer are all forms of beverage alcohol, and governments should treat them equally. But generally, and especially in the United States, distilled spirits are taxed far more punitively than beer per ounce of alcohol, and are subject to tighter restrictions on where and when consumers can buy them. Compared with beer and wine, distilled spirits are also denied the right to advertise in some venues. Achieving greater cultural acceptance of our products and parity with beer and wine in having access to consumers is a major goal that we share with other distillers. We seek both fairer distribution rules (such as Sunday sales in those U.S. states that still ban them) and laws that permit product tasting, so that consumers can sample our products and buy them more easily. We encourage rules that liberalize international trade, so that we can expand our business more globally. As we explain below, we oppose tax increases that make our products more expensive for consumers, and seek to reduce the tax advantage that beer currently enjoys.

Taxes.    Recent proposals in the United States, at both the state and federal levels, to increase taxes on beverage alcohol to generate revenue cause us considerable concern. Beverage alcohol is already taxed separately and substantially through state and federal excise taxes (FET), above and beyond corporate income taxes on their producers. Some U.S. states also charge sales tax on distilled spirits, even though they already collect state excise taxes. The U.S. FET for spirits per ounce of pure alcohol is twice that for beer. Besides placing a disproportionate tax burden on spirits, any FET increase would have a negative economic effect on the hospitality industry and its millions of workers. Depending on the states affected and the amount of the increase, state tax increases could negatively affect our business results significantly as well.

According to an October 2011a March 2013 report by Impact Databank, only three of the top ten premium global spirits companies in 20102012 were based in the United States. Several former U.S.-based beverage companies have been acquired by foreign companies over the years and shifted employment and trademark ownership to countries with more favorable tax regimes. We estimate that ourOur fiscal 2013 effective corporate income tax rate will be about 33%was 31.7%, compared to recent annual effective rates ranging from 10%13% to 23%18% for our largest foreign competitors. Obviously, this is a significant economic disadvantage for us. Current discussions in the U.S. Congress about income tax reform make it very difficult to predict our future income tax environment.

The Obama administration has repeatedly proposed to Congress the repeal of the LIFO (last-in, first-out) treatment of inventory, an accepted tax and accounting practice in the United States for over 70 years. We strongly oppose this repeal because LIFO is designed to minimize artificial inflation gains and to reflect replacement costs accurately. LIFO is particularly important to companies like ours, whose aging process requires some distilled spirits to be held in inventory for several years before being sold. As contemplated, LIFO repeal would also result in an unprecedented “recapture” of tax benefits received in prior years - in effect, ait would likely be the largest ever retroactive tax increase.

We also face the risk of increased tax rates and tax law changes in many of our international markets. This risk increases as we expand the scale of our business outside the United States, as governments impose austerity measures to cope with economic difficulties (such as in several European countries), and as some countries consider increasing taxes to generate revenue or discourage excess consumption.

OUR FISCAL 20132014 EARNINGS OUTLOOK

Although the global macroeconomic environment remains uncertain, we expect that the positive trends experienced for our business in fiscal 2013 will continue in fiscal 2014. We expect high single-digit growth in both reported and underlying net sales, driven by the continued global economic environmentexpansion of the Jack Daniel’s family of brands, including both Tennessee Whiskey and Tennessee Honey. Our focus on super-premium brands including Herradura, Woodford Reserve, Gentleman Jack, and Jack Daniel’s Single Barrel, along with continued growth in Finlandia and an improvement in Southern Comfort’s results, should also contribute to remain uncertain, particularlythe projected net sales growth. Net sales growth includes expected price increases in Europe,the low single-digit range, which should help offset modest cost of goods inflation. We expect operating expense growth in the high single digits (including costs related to the

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start-up of our distribution company in France), which would result in expected underlying operating income growth of between 9% and foreign exchange rates11% (7% and 14% on an as-reported basis). We are establishing a guidance range of $2.80 to negatively impact$3.00 for our expected fiscal 2014 diluted earnings per share, compared to fiscal 2013 diluted earnings per share outlook by $0.11 at current spot rates. In addition, we are planning for price increases across our much of our portfolio and expect this to be a larger contributor to our overall profit growth in$2.75. Our fiscal 2013. Given the uncertainty surrounding the economic environment and the consumer and the trade response to pricing, we are establishing a $0.40 per diluted share

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2014 guidance range of $3.60 to $4.00 for our fiscal 2013 diluted earnings per share. This compares to fiscal 2012 diluted earnings per share of $3.56 reported, which included $0.04includes expected unfavorable effects totaling $0.08 per diluted share associated withdue to the Hopland based wine business. We anticipate fiscal 2013 underlyingchange in net salesinventories related to our route-to-consumer change in France and operating income growththe anticipated adverse impact of foreign exchange.

RESULTS OF OPERATIONS
BASIS OF PRESENTATION AND USE OF NON-GAAP MEASURES
When discussing volume, unless otherwise specified, we refer to “depletions,” a term that is commonly used in the high single digits, comparable to fiscal 2012 levels and in-line with historic long-term rates of growth.

RESULTS OF OPERATIONS

Our total diluted earnings per share were $3.56 for fiscal 2012. Our business includes strong brands representing spirits suchbeverage alcohol industry. We define “depletions” as whiskey, bourbon, vodka, tequila, and liqueur, as well as wine and champagnes. The largest market foreither (a) our brands is the United States, which generally prohibits wine and spirits manufacturers from selling their productsshipments directly to consumers. Instead, we sellretailers or wholesalers, or (b) shipments from our products to wholesale distributors or state-owned operators, who then sell the productsthird-party distributor customers to retailers who in turn sell to consumers. We use a similar tiered distribution system in many markets outside the United States, but we distribute our own products in several markets, including Australia, Brazil, Canada, China, the Czech Republic, Germany, Korea, Mexico, Poland, Taiwan, and Turkey.

Distributors and retailers normally keep some of our products in inventory, so retailers can sell more (or less) of our products to consumers than distributors buy from us during any given period.wholesalers. Because we generally record revenues when we ship our products to distributors, our customers, our reported sales for a period do not necessarily reflect actual consumer purchases during that period. Ultimately,We believe that our depletions measure volume in a way that more closely reflects consumer demand determinesthan our shipments do.

Volume is generally measured on a nine-liter equivalent unit basis. At times, we use a “drinks equivalent” measure for volume when comparing single-serve ready-to-drink (RTD) or ready-to-pour (RTP) brands to a parent brand. “Drinks-equivalent” is RTD / RTP nine-liter case equivalent volume divided by 10.
“Constant currency” change is a non-GAAP measure that represents the underlying health andpercentage change in financial results of our brands and business. The beverage alcohol industry generally uses “depletions” (shipments direct to retailers or from distributors to wholesalers and retailers) to approximate consumer demand. We also purchase syndicated data and monitor inventory levelsreported in the trade to better understand how well depletions represent consumer demand.

FISCAL 2012 COMPARED TO FISCAL 2011

Net sales of $3.6 billion increased 6%, or $210 million, compared to fiscal 2011. We continued to expand our international footprint, as reported net sales outside the United States grew at double-digit rates compared to essentially flat net sales in the United States. The year-over-year comparison of our net salesaccordance with GAAP in the United States were hurt bybut with the salecost or benefit of currency movements removed. We use this measure to understand the growth of the business on a constant dollar basis, as fluctuations in exchange rates can distort the underlying growth both positively and negatively. (In this report, “dollar” always means the U.S. dollar unless clearly denoted otherwise.) To neutralize the effect of foreign exchange fluctuations when comparing across periods, we translate current year results at prior-year rates.

“Underlying” change is a non-GAAP measure that represents constant-currency change further adjusted for items that we believe do not reflect the underlying performance of our business. To calculate underlying change for fiscal 2012 and fiscal 2013, we adjust constant-currency change for estimated net changes in trade inventories and the absence of Hopland-based wine brands in fiscal 2011 by approximately $67 million. Our net sales outside the United States now constitute 58% of our total sales, compared to 55% a year ago. Just 10 years ago, sales outside the United States constituted less than 25% of our total net sales.

The major factors driving our fiscal 2012 change in net sales were:

Change
vs. 2011

Underlying change in net sales

9%

Volume

10%

Net price/mix

(1)%

Estimated net change in trade inventories

(1)%

Sale of Hopland-based wine business

(2)%

Reported change in net sales

6%

Sales discounts increased by about 15% in fiscal 2012, which adversely affected our net price/mix, as shown above. The increase in sales discounts resulted in part from owning more of our own distribution networks in Germany, Brazil, and Turkey and higher overall volumes.

business. These items are defined below.

“Estimated net change in trade inventories” refers to the estimated financial impact of changes in distributor inventories for our brands. We compute this effect using our estimated depletion trends and by separately identifyidentifying distributor inventory changes in our explanation of changes for our key measures. We then adjust the percentage

29


variances from the prior year to the current year for our key measures. We believe that separately identifying the impact of this item helps to explain how varying levels of distributor inventories can affect our business.

“Absence of Hopland-based wine business” refers to the exclusion of results from our divested Hopland, California-based wine business, which was sold to Viña Concha y Toro S.A in April 2011. Included in this sale were the Fetzer winery, bottling facility, and vineyards, as well as the Fetzer brand and other Hopland, California-based wines, including Bonterra, Little Black Dress, Jekel, Five Rivers, Bel Arbor, Coldwater Creek, and Sanctuary. Although we sold these brands in April 2011, we retained them in our portfolio as agency brands through December 31, 2011. We believe that excluding their effect on operating results from fiscal 2012 versus fiscal 2013 provides helpful information in forecasting and planning the growth expectations of the company.
“Absence of dispute settlement” refers to the exclusion of the impact of the favorable resolution of a dispute in an international market relating to the importation of our brands that was settled during fiscal 2011.
FISCAL 2013 HIGHLIGHTS
In fiscal 2013, net sales increased 5% to $3.8 billion (8% on an underlying basis), operating income increased 14% to $898 million (13% on an underlying basis), and diluted earnings per share increased 16% to $2.75 compared to $2.37 in the prior year period. We generated what we believe to be an industry-leading total shareholder return (TSR) of 31% versus the S&P 500’s TSR of 16% for the 12 months ending April 30, 2013. We also produced what we believe to be an industry-leading return on invested capital of nearly 22%. We accomplished this by focusing on organic growth, geographic expansion, brand innovation, careful portfolio management, and strategic investments in emerging markets. During fiscal 2013, we paid $1.1 billion in dividends to our shareholders, consisting of regular quarterly dividends and the $4.00 per share special dividend.


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FISCAL 2013 MARKET HIGHLIGHTS
The following table presents share of total net sales and net sales growth by geography and for our top ten countries for fiscal 2013:
    % Growth vs Fiscal 2012
Market % of Fiscal 2013 Net Sales As-reported Net Sales Constant Currency Net Sales
United States 41% 3% 
 8%1
Europe 30% 7% 9%
  United Kingdom 9% 3% 4%
  Germany 5% 6% 13%
  Poland 4% 1% 5%
  France 2% 5% 13%
  Russia 2% 30% 36%
  Turkey 1% 31% 38%
Australia 14% 6% 6%
Other 15% 5% 7%
  Mexico 6% 7% 8%
  Japan 1% 14% 18%
1 Sales from the Hopland-based wine business in fiscal 2012 have been excluded in calculating constant-currency net sales growth.
The United States, our largest, most important market, accounted for 41% of our as-reported net sales in fiscal 2013 and 42% in fiscal 2012. In fiscal 2013, net sales increased 3% on an as-reported basis. Excluding the effect of the Hopland-based wine business, constant-currency net sales grew 8%. A combination of both higher volumes and pricing contributed to net sales growth in the United States. Net sales growth in the United States was driven by the Jack Daniel’s family of brands, Woodford Reserve, and Herradura, among other brands.
Europe accounted for 30% of our net sales in fiscal 2013 and 27% in fiscal 2012. For fiscal 2013, net sales in Europe were up 7% on an as-reported basis. After adjusting for the effects of a stronger dollar, constant-currency net sales in Europe were up 9%. Our net sales growth in Europe was broad-based and included gains in all of our largest markets including the United Kingdom, Germany, Poland, France, Russia and Turkey. Overall trading conditions for the industry remained positive in some parts of Europe but were weak in others, as consumers remained cautious regarding the economic outlook. Many Western European economies continued to struggle in fiscal 2013, including those in Spain, Italy and Ireland, where overall total distilled spirits consumption declined again. Many Eastern Europe economies experienced positive trends, as consumers seemed increasingly to favor premium imported spirits generally and the whiskey category specifically.
Australia accounted for 14% of net sales in fiscal 2013 and 13% in fiscal 2012. For fiscal 2013, net sales were up 6% on both an as-reported and a constant-currency basis. During fiscal 2013, our growth was driven primarily by the Jack Daniel’s family of brands, including substantial contributions from recent innovations launched there (Gentleman Jack & Cola RTD and Jack Daniel’s Tennessee Honey, launched in fiscal 2013; Jack Daniel’s 1907 Whiskey launched in fiscal 2012). Australian sales growth was negatively affected by the Southern Comfort family of brands, which declined by about 10% on both an as-reported and a constant-currency basis.
Net sales for our other markets constituted 15% of our total net sales in fiscal 2013 compared to 17% in fiscal 2012 and grew 5% in fiscal 2013 on an as-reported basis and 7% on a constant-currency basis. This increase was driven by broad growth across most of our other markets, but primarily by Mexico, Southeast Asia, Japan, Brazil and Africa. Net sales declines in some markets, including Canada, China and Korea, partially offset the gains.

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FISCAL 2013 BRAND HIGHLIGHTS
The following table highlights our major brands’ worldwide volume results for fiscal 2013:
 
Nine-Liter
Cases  (millions)
 
% Change
vs. 2012
Jack Daniel’s Family19
 6 %
Jack Daniel’s Tennessee Whiskey11
 3 %
Jack Daniel’s RTDs/RTP1
7
 5 %
El Jimador New Mix RTDs2
6
 6 %
Finlandia3
 5 %
Southern Comfort Family2
 (5)%
Canadian Mist Family2
 (3)%
Korbel Champagnes1
 3 %
El Jimador1
 0 %
Super-Premium Other3
1
 6 %
1
Jack Daniel’s RTD and RTP products include all RTD line extensions of Jack Daniel’s, such as Jack Daniel’s & Cola, Jack Daniel’s & Diet Cola, Jack & Ginger, Jack Daniel’s Country Cocktails, Gentleman Jack & Cola, and the seasonal Jack Daniel’s Winter Jack RTP.
2
El Jimador New Mix is a tequila-based RTD brand sold in Mexico; also includes el Jimador RTD.
3
Includes Chambord liqueur and flavored vodka, Herradura, Sonoma-Cutrer, Tuaca, and Woodford Reserve.
In fiscal 2013, the Jack Daniel’s family of brands, which includes Jack Daniel’s Tennessee Whiskey, Gentleman Jack, Jack Daniel’s Single Barrel, Jack Daniel’s Tennessee Honey, the seasonal Jack Daniel’s Winter Jack RTP, and RTD products such as Jack Daniel’s & Cola, Jack Daniel’s & Diet Cola, Jack Daniel’s & Ginger, Gentleman Jack & Cola and Jack Daniel’s Country Cocktails, grew volumes 6% globally on both a nine-liter case basis on a drinks-equivalent basis. Net sales of the brand family grew 9% on an as-reported basis and 11% on a constant-currency basis in fiscal 2013. Jack Daniel’s line extensions grew at a faster rate than Jack Daniel’s Tennessee Whiskey itself, primarily because of the successful introduction of Jack Daniel’s Tennessee Honey in several international markets and its continued growth in the United States during fiscal 2013.
Jack Daniel’s Tennessee Whiskey (JDTW) is the signature brand in our portfolio, and we believe it to be one of the largest, most profitable spirits brands in the world. JDTW grew volume for the 21st consecutive year and outpaced the combined volume growth of the top 25 premium spirits brands during calendar 2012 (according to a February 2013 report by Impact Databank, a well-known U.S. trade publication). That achievement underscores the brand’s premium, iconic image and reinforces our belief in its long-term appeal and sustained growth potential. JDTW grew volume 3% globally to eclipse 11 million 9-liter cases during fiscal 2013, despite broad-based price increases and deliberate reductions of less profitable units, such as value-added and gift packs, in many markets. JDTW net sales grew 6% on an as-reported and 7% on a constant-currency basis, at a faster rate than volume gains owing to price increases and favorable mix. The brand grew volumes about 2% in its largest market, the United States, but decreased 11% in the United Kingdom after a substantial price increase was implemented in that market. Jack Daniel’s experienced double-digit volume growth in five of its top ten volume markets, including Germany, France, Poland, Russia and Turkey. Beyond the top ten markets, Jack Daniel’s grew volume broadly in the mid-single digits. Notable volume milestones reached or exceeded during fiscal 2013 for JDTW were: Germany reached 600,000 nine-liter cases; Poland surpassed 200,000 nine-liter cases; and, the emerging markets of sub-Saharan Africa exceeded 100,000 nine-liter cases.
Because JDTW generates a significant percentage of our total net sales, it is our top priority. We remain encouraged by the brand’s resilience over the past few years in the face of a challenging economic environment and the opportunities for continued growth in both emerging and developed markets. In fiscal 2013, we implemented price increases in many markets around the world, generally in the low-single digits, but higher in some markets, and, in many markets, for the first time in several years. Our price increase plans in fiscal 2014 are somewhat more modest, but include low single-digit increases in many markets across the globe. We believe that the environment remains suitable in many markets for us to increase the price of this premium brand, but we are uncertain how the trade and consumers will react - especially in those markets where we took price increases during fiscal 2013. We intend to monitor the reaction closely and to be flexible in adapting where necessary.
In late fiscal 2011, we introduced a new line extension in the United States, Jack Daniel’s Tennessee Honey. In fiscal 2012, the brand’s first full year of business, the brand exceeded 450,000 nine-liter cases. In fiscal 2013, the brand grew volumes double-digits in the United States and was named to Impact’s “Hot Brands” list for calendar 2012 for the second consecutive year. In

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addition, we successfully launched Jack Daniel’s Tennessee Honey in several important international markets, including the United Kingdom, Australia, Poland and South Africa. Globally, the brand exceeded 770,000 nine-liter cases and nearly doubled net sales in fiscal 2013, its second full year after launch. In fiscal 2014, we plan to continue the international expansion of Jack Daniel’s Tennessee Honey to new markets.
The Jack Daniel’s RTD brands grew volume 5% in fiscal 2013 (on top of a 12% increase in fiscal 2012), and net sales increased 5% on an as-reported basis and 7% on a constant-currency basis. Among the best-performing markets was the United States, which managed 24% net sales growth on an as-reported basis in fiscal 2013, driven by a resurgent Jack Daniel’s Country Cocktails business. Germany, the United Kingdom and Mexico all grew Jack Daniel’s RTD volumes double digits in fiscal 2013. Australia grew net sales in the low single digits on both an as-reported and constant-currency basis. Volumes in Japan were significantly lower in fiscal 2013 because we discontinued the Jack Daniel’s & Soda RTD launched in fiscal 2012. We believe Jack Daniel’s RTDs will continue to provide a growth opportunity for us, as they offer not only an appealing, great-tasting, convenient expression of the brand but also an effective marketing tool for the parent brand.
Net sales of both Gentleman Jack and Jack Daniel’s Single Barrel grew at double-digit rates on both an as-reported and a constant-currency basis, fueled by international expansion of these brands. Gentleman Jack’s volume surpassed 425,000 nine-liter cases globally as net sales grew 17% on an as-reported basis and 18% on a constant-currency basis. In the United States, Gentleman Jack increased prices and grew volumes in the mid-single digits. At the end of fiscal 2013, we developed a new advertising campaign for fiscal 2014 called “The Order of the Gentleman,” the first ever use of television for this brand.
In fiscal 2013, the Finlandia family of brands grew net sales by 3% on an as-reported basis and 6% on a constant-currency basis, driven largely by volume growth. Finlandia managed to grow volumes in its largest market, Poland, despite a contracting premium vodka category. Russia was the most important driver of net sales growth for Finlandia. In Russia, the brand grew volume over 30% to surpass 350,000 nine-liter cases and gained market share in the premium segment of the vodka market. Israel and several other countries in Europe and North America grew Finlandia volumes and net sales on an as-reported basis during fiscal 2013.
The Southern Comfort family of brands global volume declined 5% in fiscal 2013, while net sales declined 5% on an as-reported basis and 4% on a constant-currency basis (an improvement over fiscal 2012, when constant-currency net sales declined by 7%). In fiscal 2013, we launched the new “Whatever’s Comfortable” consumer engagement campaign in the United States. We significantly increased our total advertising spending on Southern Comfort in the United States, and we devoted a larger percentage of our spending to media investment. We believe that this strategy helped to reverse in fiscal 2013 the previously negative net sales trend, as the brand grew net sales in the United States by 1% on both an as-reported and a constant-currency basis. Outside the United States, Southern Comfort struggled in its top international markets as volume and net sales declined in the United Kingdom, Australia and Germany. Encouraged by the combined impact of our new consumer engagement campaign, increased investment, and reallocation of investment in the United States, we plan to test and implement similar elements in Southern Comfort’s top international markets in fiscal 2014.
Our tequila portfolio grew net sales 7% on both an as-reported basis and a constant currency basis in fiscal 2013. Super-premium Herradura remained strong, and grew net sales on both an as-reported and constant-currency basis double digits globally for the third consecutive year. In the United States, Herradura outpaced the competitive set and grew market share with a 20% increase in net sales on both an as-reported and a constant-currency basis during fiscal 2013. El Jimador grew net sales globally by 2% on both an as-reported and a constant-currency basis on flat volume. Outside Mexico, the brand grew volumes 11%, driving net sales growth of 13% on an as-reported basis and 14% on a constant-currency basis. These gains were partially offset by mid-single-digit declines in volume and net sales in Mexico as a result of pricing pressure in a difficult competitive environment. El Jimador New Mix RTDs increased net sales by 13% on both an as-reported and a constant-currency basis. New Mix delivered this growth on a 7% volume increase and higher pricing. New Mix remains the market leader in Mexico’s RTD category and an important driver of our business in this country. We remain focused on developing our tequila portfolio in the United States (where we see considerable potential for growth); strengthening our position in Mexico; and selectively building our presence in higher-value tequila markets throughout the world, such as Russia and Brazil.
Woodford Reserve, our super-premium bourbon brand, grew volume by 26% during fiscal 2013. We substantially increased our advertising investment in Woodford Reserve in its most important market, the United States, to support the brand’s growth. Looking ahead, we believe that Woodford is well-positioned to capture its share of the fast-growing super-premium bourbon segment in the United States and to capitalize on renewed interest in bourbon around the world. We will continue to devote substantial resources to Woodford to support its future growth potential.
FISCAL 2013 COMPARED TO FISCAL 2012
Net sales of $3.8 billion increased 5%, or $170 million, compared to fiscal 2012.On an underlying basis, net sales increased by 8%. We continued to expand our international footprint, as reported net sales outside the United States grew faster at 6%

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compared to 3% net sales growth in the United States. The year-over-year comparison of our net sales in the United States was hurt by the absence of approximately $83 million in sales of Hopland-based wine brands in fiscal 2012.
The major factors driving our fiscal 2013 change in net sales were:
Change
vs. 2012
Underlying change in net sales8 %
Volume5%
Net price/mix3%
Estimated net change in trade inventories1 %
Foreign exchange(1)%
Absence of Hopland-based wine business(2)%
Reported change in net sales5 %
Total differs due to rounding.
We attribute our 9%8% underlying growth in net sales during fiscal 2013 primarily to the strong performance of the Jack Daniel’s family of brands and the performance of several other brands, including, Woodford Reserve, Finlandia, New Mix, Herradura and agency brands. In fiscal 2013, net sales growth of the Jack Daniel’s family of brands benefitted from (a) volume growth and price increases of Jack Daniel’s Tennessee Whiskey across many markets including the United States; (b) expansion of Jack Daniel’s Tennessee Honey to markets outside the United States and its continued growth in the United States; and (c) continued growth of line extensions including Gentleman Jack and the line of Jack Daniel’s RTDs. These gains were partially offset by declines in net sales for a few brands, most notably Southern Comfort. Our change in reported sales was reduced by the negative impact of foreign exchange and the absence of Hopland-based wine business. Reported sales benefitted from an estimated increase in trade inventories in Japan, the United States and across many markets in Europe.
We experienced the most significant growth in net sales on both an as-reported and a constant-currency basis in the United States, Australia, Germany, Russia, Mexico, the United Kingdom, Turkey, Poland, and France, while net sales declined in some countries, including Canada, China and Korea.
Cost of sales of $894 million decreased $34 million, or 4%, during fiscal 2013. Growth in sales volume resulted in cost of sales increases for the period, while higher transportation and input costs, including grain and glass, were mostly offset by lower value-added package expense and manufacturing efficiencies. Additionally, the transition services agreement with the buyer of Fetzer Vineyards (which included Fetzer winery, bottling facility and vineyards, as well as the Fetzer brand and other Hopland, California based wines) expired on December 31, 2011, resulting in lower costs compared to the prior year. Foreign exchange favorably affected cost of sales. The following table highlights the major changes in costs for the year:
Change
vs. 2012
Volume growth and new products4 %
Foreign exchange(1)%
Cost increases / mix0 %
Absence of Hopland-based wine business(7)%
Reported change in cost of sales(4)%
Gross profit of $1,955 million increased $160 million, or 9%, during fiscal 2013. Gross profit was hurt by the absence of gross profit associated with the Hopland-based wine business sale and foreign exchange. The same factors that drove the increase in underlying net sales for the year also contributed to the underlying growth in gross profit for the same period. Similarly, the increase in cost of goods for the year related to volume growth and new products partially offset the underlying growth in net sales for the same period. The following table summarizes the major factors that contributed to gross profit growth for the year:
Change
vs. 2012
Underlying change in gross profit10 %
Estimated net change in trade inventories1 %
Foreign exchange(1)%
Absence of Hopland-based wine business(1)%
Reported change in gross profit9 %

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Gross margin (gross profit divided by net sales) improved to 51.7% in fiscal 2013 from 49.7% in fiscal 2012. About half of the improvement was derived from the absence of the lower-margin Hopland-based wine business in our fiscal 2013 results. The other half of the gross margin increase was driven by higher pricing and a favorable mix shift.
Advertising expenses of $408 million were up $13 million, or 3%, due in part to increased investments in media for Southern Comfort in the United States; and support for the introduction of line extensions, notably Jack Daniel’s Tennessee Honey in the United Kingdom, Australia and South Africa and its continued growth in the United States. We also increased advertising investment behind Woodford Reserve in the United States and our vodka portfolio in Europe. Overall advertising spending excluding the effect of the absence the Hopland-based wine business and the effect of foreign exchange was up 6%.
Change
vs. 2012
Underlying change in advertising6 %
Foreign exchange(2)%
Absence of Hopland-based wine business(1)%
Reported change in advertising3 %
Selling, general, and administrative (SG&A) expenses increased $40 million, or 7%, as shown in the following table:
Change
vs. 2012
Underlying change in SG&A8 %
Foreign exchange(1)%
Reported change in SG&A7 %
Inflation on salary and benefit-related expenses, costs related to a leadership reorganization during fiscal 2013, and higher pension costs all contributed to the year-over-year increase in selling, general and administrative expenses. During fiscal 2013, we also invested to enhance our organizational capabilities for our emerging markets - notably in China, India and Africa.
Operating income was $898 million in fiscal 2013, an increase of $110 million, or 14%, over fiscal 2012. Underlying operating income growth of 13% resulted from the higher rate of underlying gross profit growth compared to the lower rate of growth in advertising and SG&A expenses (which we refer to as “operating expense leverage”)
The reported change in operating income was reduced by the unfavorable effect of foreign exchange and the absence of operating income from the Hopland-based wine business. Operating income benefitted from the effect of an estimated increase in trade inventories.
The following table summarizes the major factors contributing to the increase in operating income:
Change
vs. 2012
Underlying change in operating income13 %
Estimated net change in trade inventories3 %
Foreign exchange(1)%
Sale of Hopland-based wine business(1)%
Reported change in operating income14 %
Operating margin (operating income divided by net sales) grew to 23.7% in fiscal 2013 from 21.8% in fiscal 2012. The same factors that drove the increase in our gross margin benefitted our operating margin. In addition, our operating margin was helped by operating expense leverage.
Interest expense (net) increased by $5 million compared to fiscal 2012, due to a $9 million charge for the early redemption of our $250 million 5% notes due February 1, 2014 and higher levels of debt, offset by the absence of our $250 million 5.2% notes that matured on April 1, 2012.
Our effective tax rate for fiscal 2013 was 31.7% compared to 32.5% in fiscal 2012.The decrease in our effective tax rate was driven primarily by the beneficial impact of increased foreign earnings, lower state income taxes and the benefit of discrete items.

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Diluted earnings per share were $2.75 in fiscal 2013, up 16% from the diluted earnings per share reported for fiscal 2012, as adjusted for the 3-for-2 stock split effected in August 2012. This increase resulted from the same factors that contributed to the increase in operating income and was also helped by the lower effective tax rate but was hurt by higher net interest expense.
FISCAL 2012 COMPARED TO FISCAL 2011
Net sales of $3.6 billion increased 6%, or $210 million, compared to fiscal 2011. The major factors driving our fiscal 2012 change in net sales were:
Change
vs. 2011
Underlying change in net sales9 %
Volume10 %
Net price/mix(1)%
Estimated net change in trade inventories(1)%
Sale of Hopland-based wine business(2)%
Reported change in net sales6 %
Our underlying net sales grew 9% during fiscal 2012 primarily to (a) the strong performance of the Jack Daniel’s Familyfamily of Brands,brands, reflecting the successful introduction of Jack Daniel’s Tennessee Honey in the United States, acceleration in the growth of Jack Daniel’s Tennessee Whiskey globally, and the international expansion of Gentleman Jack, Jack Daniel’s Single Barrel, and Jack Daniel’s RTD products; and (b) the performance of Finlandia, agency brands, Woodford Reserve, New Mix, and Herradura.

These gains were partially offset by declines in net sales (a) for some brands including Southern Comfort, Canadian Mist, and Korbel; and (b) for Fetzer (which we sold in April 2011 but marketed as an agency brand through December 2011).

We experienced the most significant underlying growth in net sales in the United States, Mexico, Germany, Russia, Australia, the United Kingdom, France, Turkey, and Brazil, while net sales declined in some countries, including China, Italy, and Korea.

Here are some details on our volume and net sales changes for the year:

Global depletions forJack Daniel’s Tennessee Whiskey grew registered volume growth for the 20th consecutive year, reaching 10.8 million nine-liter cases, up 8% for fiscal 2012.globally. The brand’s expansion was fueled by 12% growth internationally, while volumes were up 2% in the United States.

The overall distilled spirits category in the United States continued to grow during fiscal 2012. Industry trends as measured by National Alcohol Beverage Control Association (NABCA) data indicate that total distilled spirits volume grew 3.4% for the 12 months ended April 30, 2012, while Jack Daniel’s improved 2.7% — a significant improvement compared to its slight decline in fiscal 2011. Perhaps more impressive is thatintroduction of the Jack Daniel’s Family of brands grew volumes 9% (per NABCA), outstripping total distilled spirits growth and the majority of the family’s major competitors on both a volume and dollar basis in the NABCA markets.

Consumer demand increased and expanded for this iconic, authentic American whiskey outside the United States, with gains throughout most of Europe, Latin America, Asia, and travel retail. The brand surpassed 500,000 nine-liter cases this fiscal year in both Germany and France. Four markets were also added where the brand exceeded the 100,000 nine-liter case level, including Mexico, Russia, Turkey, and Heinemann. The brand’s largest market outside the United States, the United Kingdom, registered 6% growth in depletions. Net sales for the brand globally increased at a high-single-digit rate on both an as-reported and a constant-currency basis.

Net sales of bothGentleman Jack (depletions approaching 400,000 nine-liter cases globally) and Jack Daniel’s Single Barrel grew at double-digit rates on both an as-reported and a constant-currency basis, fueled by international expansion of these brands.

The introduction of theJack Daniel’s Tennessee Honey boosted our overall growth in the United States. Depletions in the brand’s first full year exceeded 450,000 nine-liter cases and the brand was named to IMPACT’s ‘Hot Brands’ list in calendar 2011.

Jack Daniel’s RTDs registered double-digit growth in net sales on both an as-reported and a constant-currency basis, as the various expressions benefitted from volumetric grew volumes 12% globally, fueled by strong gains in Germany, Mexico, and the United Kingdom and from geographicas well as continued expansion into other markets including Poland, Japan,markets. Gentleman Jack and South Africa and price increases in Germany and Australia.

Finlandia net salesJack Daniel’s Single Barrel volumes grew in the high single digits on both an as-reported and constant-currency basisat a double-digit rate fueled by high single-digit depletion gains. Net sales and depletions benefittedinternational expansion. Worldwide volumes for Finlandia grew 7%, benefitting from higher volumes in Russia, due in part to soft comparisons to a year agoearlier resulting from disruption following a distributor

30


change. Poland and several other countries in Europe, Latin America, and Asia also contributed to the brand’s net sales and depletions growth.

distribution change. The el Jimador brand grew 1% globally. Worldwide volumes for Southern Comfort’s family of brands’ global depletionsbrands declined 2%, caused in fiscal 2012 while its net sales declined in the high single-digits on both an as-reported and a constant-currency basis, driven by depletion declines for the parent brand in its largest market, the United States. The introduction of Southern Comfort Pepper line extension in the same market and the expansion of Southern Comfort Lime into a few international markets have partially offset these declines. This brand’s performance has been adversely affectedpart by increased competition from flavored whiskeys, flavored vodkas, and spiced rums, particularly those often consumed in the more traditional shot occasion. We have already begun a number of initiatives that we believe will continue to improve the trends for Southern Comfort including a new consumer engagement plan focusing on the parent brand, a new drinks strategy, expansion of Lime and RTDs into markets overseas, the introduction of other line extension and flavors such as Southern Comfort Bold Cherry, a planned major re-allocation of resources from promotional activity to media investment, and the launch of a new parent formulation in the U.S.

El Jimadornet sales on both an as-reported and a constant currency basis declined in the low single-digits inrums. Overall volume performance during fiscal 2012 as a result of higher promotional activities in the competitive price category in which the brand plays in both the United States and Mexico, while depletions grew 1%.

Overall depletion and net sales performance werewas mixed for the other brands in our other brands.portfolio. Several of our super-premium priced brands registered depletionvolume gains, in fiscal 2012, includingHerradura, Woodford Reserve,, andSonoma-Cutrer. Sonoma-Cutrer. Meanwhile, Canadian Mist, andKorbel Early Times recorded depletion declines in fiscal 2012.

volume declines.

This table highlights our major brands’ worldwide depletion results for fiscal 2012:

   Nine-Liter
Cases  (000s)
   % Change
vs. 2011
 

Jack Daniel’s Family

   18,015     12

Jack Daniel’s Tennessee Whiskey

   10,760     8

Jack Daniel’s RTDs/RTP(1)

   6,265     12

New Mix RTDs(2)

   5,375     10

Finlandia

   3,130     7

Southern Comfort Family

   2,475     (2)% 

Canadian Mist Family

   1,650     (4)% 

Korbel Champagnes

   1,285     (3)% 

El Jimador

   1,225     1

Super-Premium Other(3)

   1,115     9

(1)

Jack Daniel’s RTD and RTP products include all RTD line extensions of Jack Daniel’s, such as Jack Daniel’s & Cola, Jack Daniel’s & Diet Cola, Jack & Ginger, Jack Daniel’s & Soda, Jack Daniel’s Country Cocktails, and the seasonal Winter Jack.

(2)

New Mix is a tequila-based RTD brand we acquired in January 2007 as part of the Casa Herradura acquisition, initially sold only in Mexico but introduced in a few U.S. markets and Canada.

(3)

Includes Chambord liqueur and flavored vodka, Herradura, Sonoma-Cutrer, Tuaca, and Woodford Reserve.

Cost of sales of $928 million increased $66 million, or 8%, during fiscal 2012. Volumetric growth, higher input costs including(including corn and glass,glass), and an increase in fuel costs were the main contributors to growth in costs of sales for the year. Additionally, the transition services agreement with the buyer of Fetzer Vineyards (which included the Fetzer winery, its bottling facility and vineyards, as well as the Fetzer brand and other Hopland,

31


California-based wines) expired on December 31, 2011, resulted in lower costs compared to the prior year. The following table highlights the major changes in cost of sales for the year.

year:
 
Change
vs. 2011

Underlying change in cost of sales

7 7%%

Cost increases / mix

3 3%%

Sale of Hopland-based wine business

(2(2))%

Reported change in cost of sales

8 8%

%

Gross profit of $1,795 million increased $71 million, or 4%, during fiscal 2012. Gross profit was hurtreduced by a reduction inthe absence of gross profit associated with the Hopland-based wine business sale and foreign exchange. The same factors that drove the increase in underlying net sales for the year also contributed to the underlying growth in gross profit for the same period. Similarly, the same factors that contributed to the increase in cost of goods for the year partially offset the underlying growth in net sales for the same period. The following table below summarizes the major factors that contributed to gross profit growth for the year.year:


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Table of Contents

 
Change
vs. 2011

Underlying change in gross profit

8 8%%

Foreign exchange

(1(1))%

Sale of Hopland-based wine business

(3(3))%

Reported change in gross profit

4 4%

%

“Foreign exchange” refers to net gains or losses resulting from our sales and purchases in currencies other than the dollar. We disclose this separately to explain our business changes on a constant-currency basis, because exchange rate fluctuations can distort the underlying growth of our business (both positively and negatively). To filter out the effect of foreign exchange fluctuations, we translate current year results at prior-year rates. In fiscal 2012, the stronger dollar hurt our gross profit, operating income, and earnings per share but benefited our advertising expense and selling, general, and administrative expenses. Although foreign exchange volatility is a reality for a global company, we routinely review our performance on a constant-currency basis. Separately identifying foreign exchange’s effect on major line items of the consolidated statement of operations makes our underlying business performance more transparent.

The higher cost of sales and a significantly lower gross margin earned from the Hopland-based wine business this year were the primary factors driving gross margin of 49.7%, down from 50.7% in the prior yearprior-year period. The environment is improving in many markets around the world, and we plan to seek opportunities during fiscal 2013 to take price increases on some of our brands in several of our markets. This should offset some of the cost of sales and excise tax increases we have absorbed during the economic downturn.

Advertising expenses of $395 million were up $29 million, or 8%, due in part to (a) increased investments behind el Jimador, Finlandia, and agency brands in Mexico and Brazil; and (b) support for the introduction of line extensions (notably Jack Daniel’s Tennessee Honey in the United States, Jack Daniel’s & Soda in Japan, Jack Daniel’s RTD geographic expansions, and Southern Comfort Fiery Pepper in the United States). Overall advertising spending excluding the effect of the sale of Hopland-based wine business was up 9%.

 
Change
vs. 2011

Underlying change in advertising

9%

Sale of Hopland-based wine business

(1)%

Reported change in advertising

8%

32


We strive to optimize our mix of total brand investment by reallocating resources among brands, geographies, and channels to reach consumers around the world effectively and efficiently. We will remain flexible in directing brand spending and resources to activities that support the business in the current environment while positioning our company for long-term growth.

Selling, general, and administrative (SG&A) expenses increased $36 million, or 6%, as shown in the following table:

 
Change
vs. 2011

Underlying change in SG&A

6 6%%

Foreign exchange

1 1%%

Absence of prior year dispute settlement

(1(1))%

Reported change in SG&A

6 6%

%

Inflation on salary and benefit related expenses, foreign exchange, investments in organizational capabilities in emerging markets such as China, and the establishment of our own route-to-consumer structure in Turkey contributed to the year over year increase in selling, general and administrative expenses.

“Dispute settlement” refers to the favorable resolution of a dispute in an international market relating to the importation of our brands.

Other income decreased $75 million in fiscal 2012, due primarily to the absence of the $53 million pre-tax gain we realized on the sale of Hopland-based wine business, of which $62 million32 was reflected in other income.

Operating incomewas $788 million in fiscal 2012, a decline of $67 million, or 8%, over fiscal 2011. Operating income benefitted from 9% underlying operating income growth but was hurt both by both the absence of the gain on sale and reduction in profits associated with the Hopland-based wine business, which was sold in April 2011, and by foreign exchange.

The chart below summarizes the major factors contributing to the decrease in operating income for the year and identifies our underlying operating income growth for fiscal 2012 of 9%.

 
Change
vs. 2011

Underlying change in operating income

9 9%%

Absence of prior year dispute settlement

(1(1))%

Estimated net change in trade inventories

(1(1))%

Foreign exchange

(3(3))%

Sale of Hopland-based wine business

(12(12))%

Reported change in operating income

(8)%
  (8)%

Positive factors influencing2 See Note 13 to our consolidated financial statements for a breakdown of the details of the gain reflected in our accompanying consolidated statement of operations.


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Table of Contents

The underlying growth in operating income for the year included:

was driven by (a) higher consumer demand for Jack Daniel’s Tennessee Whiskey internationally, particularly in the Russia, Germany, France, and the United Kingdom;

(b) the introduction of Jack Daniel’s Tennessee Honey in the United States;

3

See Note 13 to our consolidated financial statements for a breakdown of the details of the gain reflected in our accompanying consolidated statement of operations.

33


(c) continued gains for Jack Daniel’s RTD products in Germany, Mexico, and the United Kingdom and from expansion into other markets including Poland, Japan, and South Africa, and price gains in Germany and Australia;

(d) growth of Finlandia;

and (e) gains for several other brands, including Gentleman Jack, Jack Daniel’s Single Barrel, Woodford Reserve, New Mix, Herradura, and agency brands.

These positive factors were partially offset by an increase in operating expenses. Investment in advertising behind our brands, inflation in selling, general and administrative expenses, mainly salary and benefit related, investment in organizational capabilities in emerging markets such as China, and the establishment of our own route-to-consumer structure in Turkey contributed to the year over year increase in operating expenses.

Operating margin (operating income divided by net sales) declined to 21.8% in fiscal 2012 from 25.1% in fiscal 2011. The decline reflected the absence of the fiscal 2011 gain on the sale of our Hopland-based wine business and lower margins earned from the Hopland-based wine business this year (which combined, reduced operating margin by 2.2% points), a stronger dollar, and higher input costs.

Interest expense (net) increased by $2 million compared to fiscal 2011, reflecting higher long termlong-term debt offset partially by lower short termshort-term borrowings and additional swaps to a floating rate on our bonds due 2014.

Oureffective tax rate for fiscal 2012 was 32.5% compared to 31.0% in fiscal 2011. The increase in our effective tax rate was driven primarily by the absence of an adjustment made during fiscal 2011 to reverse $8 million of income tax expense that we incorrectly recognized in prior periods. We believe the impact of this error and the cumulative out-of-period adjustment to correct the error were insignificant to our consolidated financial statements for that period and any prior periods.

Diluted earnings per sharewere $3.56 decreased 9% to $2.37 in fiscal 2012, down 9% from the diluted earnings per share reported for fiscal 2011.2012. This decline resulted from the same factors that contributed to the decrease in operating income and was also hurt by higher net interest expense and a higher effective tax rate. These factors were only partially offset by fewer shares outstanding after share repurchases.

FISCAL 2011 COMPARED TO FISCAL 2010

Net salesincreased $178 million, or 6%, reflecting the benefit


30

Table of a weaker dollar and underlying growth in net sales. Our underlying net sales grew 4% for the year, led by Jack Daniel’s Tennessee Whiskey, Jack Daniel’s RTDs, el Jimador, Gentleman Jack, Herradura, Woodford Reserve, and Sonoma-Cutrer, as well as new line extensions such as Jack Daniel’s Tennessee Honey, Southern Comfort Lime, and Chambord Vodka. These gains were partially offset by lower used-barrel sales and net sales declines for Southern Comfort, Fetzer (which we sold in April 2011), and a vodka brand in Poland (Maximus). Australia, the United Kingdom, Mexico, Turkey, Germany, and France were the most significant countries that experienced underlying growth in net sales, while net sales declined in some countries, including Poland and Greece.

Jack Daniel’s Tennessee Whiskey registered depletion growth for the 19th consecutive year, up 4% globally. Jack Daniel’s RTDs grew depletions 17% globally, fueled by strong gains in Australia and Germany as well as continued expansion into other markets. The el Jimador brand grew 8% globally as it registered strong double-digit depletion gains in the important United States market, mid-single-digit growth in Mexico, and continued expansion into markets outside the United States. Gentlemen Jack depletions grew at a double-digit rate and Jack Daniel’s Single Barrel depletions grew at a mid-single-digit rate. Worldwide depletions for Finlandia fell 2%, due largely to the anticipated disruption related to a distribution change in Russia. Worldwide depletions for Southern Comfort’s family of brands declined 3%, caused in part by increased competition from flavored whiskeys, flavored vodkas, and spiced rums. Overall depletion performance during fiscal 2011 was

34


mixed for the other brands in our portfolio. Several of our super-premium brands registered depletion gains, including Herradura, Chambord, Woodford Reserve, and Sonoma-Cutrer. Meanwhile, Fetzer (which we sold in April 2011), Canadian Mist, and Early Times recorded depletion declines.

Cost of saleswas essentially flat with fiscal 2010, growing only $4 million, or less than 1%. A higher cost of sales associated with increases shipment growth was partially offset by improvements associated with production efficiencies resulting from higher demand for our Jack Daniel’s products, cost savings from consolidation of production operations and various renegotiated contracts, and less value-added packaging costs.

Gross profit grew $113 million, or 7%, outpacing the rate of net sales growth for the year. In addition to the same factors that affected the increase in net sales — that is, foreign exchange and underlying growth – gross profit was helped by cost-of-goods-sold improvements discussed above. Gross margin improved from 50.0% in fiscal 2010 to 50.7% in fiscal 2011, reflecting the benefit of improved cost of goods sold.

Advertising expenseswere up $16 million, or 5%, due in part to increased investments behind the Jack Daniel’s family of brands, Herradura, el Jimador, New Mix, and Woodford Reserve and support to launch new line extensions (notably Jack Daniel’s Tennessee Honey, Southern Comfort Lime, and Chambord Vodka). We strove to optimize our mix of total brand investment by focusing resources among brands, geographies, and channels that we believe enable us to reach consumers around the world effectively and efficiently. New line extensions and the geographic expansion of our portfolio internationally received increased focus and support.

Selling, general, and administrative expenses increased $35 million, or 6%. Several factors contributed to the higher spending in fiscal 2011, including foreign exchange, an increase of approximately $20 million in pension and other postretirement benefit expense influenced by a lower discount rate and strategic investments that we believe position us for the long-term such as costs associated with route-to-consumer changes and investments in capabilities. Costs associated with the sale of our Hopland-based wine business were transaction-related costs that additionally increased SG&A. A favorable resolution of a dispute in an international market relating to the importation of our brands lowered our SG&A.

Other incomeincreased $83 million in fiscal 2011, due primarily to the $53 million pre-tax gain we realized on the sale of our Hopland-based wine business, of which $62 million was reflected in other income and the absence of the $12 million non-cash impairment write-down of the Don Eduardo brand name during fiscal 2010.

Operating income of $855 million in fiscal 2011 increased $145 million, or 20%, compared to fiscal 2010. Operating income benefitted from the $53 million pre-tax gain on the sale of our Hopland-based wine business, underlying operating income growth, a weaker dollar, the absence of the $12 million write-down of the Don Eduardo brand name, and a net increase in estimated trade inventory levels. Operating income was reduced by expenses associated with higher pension expense, strategic investments in several markets around the world, including costs associated with route-to-consumer changes, and expenses associated with the sale of our Hopland-based wine business. The underlying growth in operating income was driven by (a) higher consumer demand for Jack Daniel’s Tennessee Whiskey internationally, particularly in the United Kingdom, Germany, Poland, France, and Mexico; (b) continued solid gains for RTD products in Australia and Germany and expansion of RTDs in other countries; (c) gains for several other brands, including Sonoma-Cutrer, Woodford Reserve, Chambord, Southern Comfort Lime, el Jimador, Gentleman Jack, Jack Daniel’s Single Barrel, Herradura, and Woodford Reserve; and (d) production efficiencies and cost savings. These positive factors were partially offset by higher pension expense, by lower used-barrel sales, and by volume declines for Southern Comfort, Fetzer, and a vodka brand in Poland (Maximus) which was an agency brand in fiscal 2011.

Interest expense (net) decreased by $2 million compared to fiscal 2010, reflecting lower net debt and a greater percentage of floating rate debt at lower interest rates.

Our effective tax rate for fiscal 2011 was 31.0% compared to 34.1% in fiscal 2010. The decrease resulted primarily from the absence in fiscal 2011 of discrete items that resulted in additional tax expense in fiscal 2010.

35


The lower effective tax rate also reflects an adjustment made during fiscal 2011 to reverse $8 million of income tax expense that we incorrectly recognized in prior periods. The impact of this error and the cumulative out-of-period adjustment to correct it were insignificant to our consolidated financial statements for the 2011 period and any prior periods.

Diluted earnings per share increased 29% to $3.90 in fiscal 2011. This growth resulted from the same factors that generated operating income growth and was also helped by a reduction of net interest expense, a lower effective tax rate, and fewer shares outstanding after share repurchases.

Contents


OTHER KEY PERFORMANCE MEASURES

Our goal is to increase the value of our shareholders’ investment consistently and sustainably over the long term. We believe that the long-term relative performance of our stock is a good indication of our success in delivering attractive returns to shareholders.

Total shareholder return.    An investment made in Brown-Forman Class B common stock over terms of one, three, five, and ten years would have significantly outperformed the returns of the S&P 500 over the same periods. Specifically, a $100 investment in our Class B stock on April 30, 2002,2003, would have grown to approximately $345$359 by the end of fiscal 2012,2013, assuming reinvestment of all dividends and ignoring personal taxes and transaction costs. ThisAs shown in the following graph, that represents an annualized return of 13%16% over the 10-year period, compared to a comparable ten-year return in an investment in the S&P 500 of only 5%8%. A more recent investment in Brown-Forman Class B common stock (one year ago) would have provided a very strong return of 22%31% over the prior year, outpacing the 5%16% return of the S&P 500 for the same period.


Compound Annual Growth in

Total Shareholder Return

(as of April 30, 2012, dividends reinvested)

Return on average invested capital.    Our return on average invested capital decreased toincreased from 19.1% in fiscal 2012 to 21.7% in fiscal 2013, driven largely by the absence of the gain on the sale of our Hopland-based wine business.higher net income and a relatively smaller increase in invested capital. We believe this returnthese returns surpassed those ofreported by our wine and spirits competitors andduring the same period. Excluding the effect of any future acquisitions, we expect our return on average invested capital to increase over the longer term.term even as we invest in property, plant and equipment, and working capital to support our expected growth. This expectation is based on our positive outlook for earnings growth, given the

36


growth opportunities for our brands around the world and our continued careful management of our investments in them. We aim to maintain our industry-leading return on average invested capital over the long term.


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Table of Contents


LIQUIDITY AND CAPITAL RESOURCES

Our ability to generate cash from operations consistently is one of our most significant financial strengths. Our strong cash flows enable us to pay dividends, make appropriate capital investments, pursue brand-building programs, and make strategic acquisitions that we believe will enhance shareholder value. Investment-grade ratings of A1 from(A1 by Moody’s, A+ by Fitch, and A fromA- by Standard & Poor’sPoor’s) provide us with financial flexibility when accessing global credit markets. We believe cash flows from operations are more than adequate to meet our expected operating and capital requirements.

CASH FLOW SUMMARY

(Dollars in millions)

  2010  2011  2012 

Operating activities

  $545   $527   $516  

Investing activities:

    

Sale of business

       234      

Additions to property, plant, and equipment

   (34  (39  (58

Sale of property, plant, and equipment

   2    12      

Other

   (3  (4  (10
  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

 
   (35  203    (68
  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

 

Financing activities:

    

Net (repayment) issuance of debt

   (302  57    (248

Acquisition of treasury stock

   (158  (136  (220

Dividends paid

   (174  (326  (192

Other

   (3  (1  (2
  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

 
   (637  (406  (662
  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

 

Foreign exchange effect

   19    11    (15
  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

 

Change in cash and cash equivalents

  $(108 $335   $(229
  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

 

37


(Dollars in millions) 2011 2012 2013
Operating activities $527
 $516
 $537
Investing activities:      
Sale of business 234
 
 
Additions to property, plant, and equipment (39) (58) (95)
Sale of property, plant, and equipment 12
 
 
Other (4) (10) (2)
  203
 (68) (97)
Financing activities:      
Net issuance (repayment) of debt 57
 (248) 493
Acquisition of treasury stock (136) (220) 
Dividends paid (326) (192) (1,063)
Other (1) (2) (6)
  (406) (662) (576)
Foreign exchange effect 11
 (15) 2
Change in cash and cash equivalents $335
 $(229) $(134)
Cash and cash equivalents decreased $134 million in fiscal 2013 compared to a decrease of $229 million in fiscal 2012, as an increase in cash from operations combined with a decrease in cash used for financing activities significantly exceeded an increase in cash used for investing activities compared to an increase of $335last year. Cash provided by operations was $537 million, up from $516 million in fiscal 2011,2012, reflecting higher earnings offset partially by a larger increase in working capital.
Cash used for investing activities increased $29 million during fiscal 2013, primarily reflecting a $37 million increase in capital expenditures due largely to investments to expand production capacity at Jack Daniel’s Distillery and Sonoma-Cutrer. Cash used for other investing activities during fiscal 2013 declined $8 million, largely reflecting the $7 million acquisition of the Maximus brand name during fiscal 2012.
Cash used for financing activities was $576 million during fiscal 2013, down $86 million from $662 million for the prior year. The fiscal 2013 amount of $576 consists largely of dividend payments of $1,063 million (including $854 million related to a $4.00 per share special dividend paid in December 2012) offset partially by $747 million in proceeds from bonds issued in December 2012 to fund the special dividend payment. It also includes the early redemption in February 2013 of our $250 million 5% notes due in part to the absenceFebruary 2014. The fiscal 2012 amount of cash received from the sale$662 million consisted largely of our Hopland-based wine business and the repayment of $250 million in debt that matured in April 2012, the acquisition of fixed-rate debt. Cash provided by operations$220 million in treasury stock (including $219 million as part of a share repurchase program that expired in November 2011), and dividend payments of $192 million.
The impact on cash and cash equivalents as a result of exchange rate changes was $516an increase of $2 million in fiscal 20122013 compared to $527a decrease of $15 million in fiscal 2011. The 2% decrease2012.
In comparing fiscal 2012 with fiscal 2011, cash provided by operating activities decreased $11 million, primarily reflectsreflecting a reduction in reported earnings due in part to lower profits associated with the Hopland-based wine brands and higher inventory levels.

Cash used for investing activities in fiscal 2012 was $68 million, an increase ofincreased $271 million compared to fiscal 2011, reflecting the absence of $234 million cash proceeds received from the sale of the Hopland-based wine business and an increase in capital investments.

In fiscal 2012, cash Cash used for financing activities wasincreased $256 million, more than last year, primarily reflecting the repayment of $250 million in debt that matured in April 2012 and an $84 million increase in share repurchases of our common stock. A decrease in dividends paid due tostock, partially offset by the non-recurrence of last year’sa $145 million special cash dividend partially offset these items.

paid in fiscal 2011. The impact on cash and cash equivalents as a result of exchange rate changes was a decrease of $15 million in fiscal 2012 compared to an increase of $11 million in fiscal 2011.

In comparing fiscal 2011 with fiscal 2010, cash provided by operations decreased $18 million, primarily reflecting an increase in cash used to fund our pension plan obligations and an increase in our working capital requirements, which were partially offset by an increase in earnings (excluding non-cash items). Cash provided by investing activities increased $238 million compared to fiscal 2010, reflecting $234 million cash proceeds received from the sale


32

Table of the Hopland-based wine business. Cash used for financing activities decreased $231 million, reflecting a $359 million increase in net proceeds from debt and a reduction in share repurchases of our common stock. These were offset partially by an increase in dividend payments, including a special dividend of $145 million in December 2010. The impact of cash and cash equivalents as a result of exchange rate changes was an increase of $11 million in fiscal 2011 compared to an increase of $19 million in fiscal 2010.

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Contents


Capital expenditures.Investments in property, plant, and equipment were $34 million in fiscal 2010, $39 million in fiscal 2011, and $58 million in fiscal 2012.2012, and $95 million in fiscal 2013. Expenditures over the three-year period included investments to maintain, expand, and improve production efficiency, to reduce costs, and to build our brands. Capital investments were higher in fiscal 20122013 compared to the prior two fiscal years reflecting increasedcontinued spending to begin expansion of our production operations to support the growing demand for Jack Daniel’s family of brands.brands and Sonoma-Cutrer.

We expect capital expenditures for fiscal 20132014 to increase significantly to a range of $100$140 million to $110$160 million, and that these investments will be funded by cash provided by operations. Our capital spending plans for fiscal 20132014 include investments to expand further the production capacity at Jack Daniel’s including increasing our current distillery and beginning construction on a new distillery andto complete a new cooperage facility.facility in Decatur, Alabama. Our capital plan in fiscal 20132014 also includes investment to expandcomplete the capacity expansion of our capacity at Sonoma-Cutrer winery and projects that we expect will provide cost savings opportunities, mitigate risk, and comply with regulations. As we look at our capital expenditures requirement beyond fiscal 2013,2014, we expect our spending to be in the $100 to $130 million range for fiscal 2014 and in the $60 tofrom $80 million rangeto $100 million in fiscal 2015 as we complete our new distilleryproduction capacity expansion at Jack Daniel’s and cooperage expansion.invest in our facilities in Versailles, Kentucky, to support the growth of Woodford Reserve. We expect our capital expenditures to return to a more normal levels, in the rangelevel of $40$50 million to $50$70 million in fiscal 2016.

Share repurchases.In December 2008, our Board of Directors authorized us to repurchase $250 millionDuring fiscal 2011 and 2012, we repurchased shares of our outstanding Class A and Class B common shares over the succeeding 12 months, subject to market conditions. Under this plan, we repurchased 4,249,039 shares (23,788stock under two separate repurchase programs. The results of Class A and 4,225,251 of Class B) for approximately $196 million. The average repurchase price per share, including broker commissions, was $47.13 for Class A and $46.06 for Class B.

In June 2010, our Board of Directors authorized us to repurchase up to $250 million of our outstanding Class A and Class B common shares before December 1, 2010, subject to market and other conditions. Under this program, we repurchased a total of 1,965,326 shares (20,869 of Class A and 1,944,457 of Class B) for approximately $117 million. The average repurchase price per share, including broker commissions, was $59.90 for Class A and $59.60 for Class B.

As we announced on March 25, 2011, our Board of Directors authorized us to repurchase up to $250 million of our outstanding Class A and Class B common shares through November 30, 2011, subject to market conditions. Under this program, we repurchased a total of 3,372,477 shares (306,309 of Class A and 3,066,168 of Class B) for approximately $234 million. The average repurchase price per share, including broker commissions, was $69.05 for Class A and $69.43 for Class B.

This table highlights our last threethose share repurchase programs:

                    Average Price Per   Total Spent on 
                    Share, Including   Stock Repurchase 

Dates

    Shares Purchased     Brokerage Commissions   Program 

Starting

  

Ending

    Class A     Class B     Class A     Class B   (Millions) 

December 2008

  December 2009     23,788       4,225,251       $47.13      $46.06    $196.0  

June 2010

  December 2010     20,869       1,944,457       $59.90      $59.60    $117.1  

March 2011

  November 2011     306,309       3,066,168       $69.05      $69.43    $234.0  

programs are summarized in the following table.

        
Average Price Per
Share, Including
 
Total Spent on
Stock Repurchase
Dates Shares Purchased Brokerage Commissions Program
Starting Ending Class A Class B Class A Class B (Millions)
June 2010 December 2010 31,304
 2,916,686
 $39.93
 $39.73
 $117.1
March 2011 November 2011 459,464
 4,599,252
 $46.03
 $46.29
 $234.0
Liquidity.We continue to manage liquidity conservatively to meet current obligations, fund capital expenditures, and maintain dividends, while reserving adequate debt capacity for acquisition opportunities. WithIn fiscal 2013, we enhanced our liquidity by issuing $750 million of unsecured notes, with the proceeds used as partial funding of the $4.00 per share special cash flow generated during fiscal 2012, we repaid a $250 million note at maturity.dividend paid in December 2012.

We have access to several liquidity sources to supplement our cash flow from operations. Our commercial paper program continues to fund our short-term credit needs. This program is supported by our $800 million bank credit facility, executedwhich was extended from November 2016 to November 2017 during fiscal 2012, continues to fund our short-term credit needs.2013. We could also satisfy our liquidity needs by drawing on our bank credit facility (currently unused).

39


the facility. Under extreme market conditions, one or more participating banks may not be able to fully fund this credit facility. In addition to our cash flow from operations, we believe that the markets for investment-grade bonds and private placements are very accessible and provide a source of long-term financing that could provide for any additional liquidity needs.

We have high credit standards when initiating transactions with counterparties and closely monitor our counterparty risks with respect to our cash balances and derivative contracts (that is, foreign currency, commodity, and interest rate hedges).contracts. If a counterparty’s credit quality were to deteriorate below our credit standards, we would either liquidate exposures or require the counterparty to post appropriate collateral.

During fiscal 2012, we entered a new five-year credit agreement with various U.S. and international banks for $800 million that expires on November 18, 2016. This agreement superseded our previous bank agreement that was scheduled to expire in April 2012. Consistent with our previous agreement, this new agreement’s quantitative covenant requires our ratio of consolidated EBITDA (as defined in the agreement) to consolidated interest expense to be at least 3 to 1. At April 30, 2012, with a ratio of 29 to 1, we were well within the covenant’s parameters.

As of April 30, 2012,2013, we had total cash and cash equivalents of $338$204 million. Of this amount, $217$88 million was held by certain foreign subsidiaries whose earnings we expect to permanently reinvest indefinitely outside of the United States. We do not expect to need the cash generated by those foreign subsidiaries to fund our domestic operations. However, in the unforeseen event that we repatriate cash from those foreign subsidiaries, we would be required to provide for and pay United StatesU.S. taxes on permanently repatriated funds.

As discussed above, we received proceeds of $747 million ($750 million principal amount, less discounts) from bonds issued in December 2012. The $750 million consisted of $250 million of 1.00% notes due in fiscal 2018, $250 million of 2.25% notes due in fiscal 2023, and $250 million of 3.75% notes due in fiscal 2043.
On February 25, 2013, we redeemed, in full, our $250 million 5% notes due in fiscal 2014 by exercising a “make-whole” call provision of the notes. We used a combination of cash and short-term borrowing to fund the redemption.
As announced on May 23, 2013, our Board of Directors declared a regular quarterly cash dividend of $0.255 per share on our Class A and Class B common stock. Stockholders of record on June 5, 2013 will receive the dividend on July 1, 2013.
We believe our current liquidity position is strong and sufficient to meet all of our financial commitments for the foreseeable future.

Our $800 million bank credit facility’s quantitative covenant requires our ratio of consolidated EBITDA (as defined in the agreement) to consolidated interest expense to be at least 3 to 1. At April 30, 2013, with a ratio of 26 to 1, we were well within the covenant’s parameters.


33


LONG-TERM OBLIGATIONS

We have long-term obligations related to contracts, leases, borrowing arrangements, and employee benefit plans that we enter into in the normal course of business (see Notes 4, 7, and 11 to the accompanying consolidated financial statements). The following table summarizes the amounts of those obligations as of April 30, 2012,2013, and the years when those obligations must be paid:

LONG-TERM OBLIGATIONS(1)1

(Dollars in millions)

  

Total

   2013   2014-
2017
   After
2017
 

Long-term debt

  $506    $3    $503    $ —  

Interest on long-term debt

   45     18     27       

Grape purchase obligations

   13     6     7       

Operating leases

   49     16     28     5  

Postretirement benefit obligations(2)

   47     47     n/a     n/a  

Agave purchase obligations(3)

   n/a     n/a     n/a     n/a  
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Total

  $660    $90    $565    $5  
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 
(Dollars in millions) Total 2014 
2015-
2018
 
After
2018
Long-term debt $1,002
 $2
 $500
 $500
Interest on long-term debt 362
 24
 80
 258
Grape purchase obligations 14
 6
 7
 1
Operating leases 43
 17
 25
 1
Postretirement benefit obligations2
 37
 37
 n/a
 n/a
Agave purchase obligations3
 n/a
 n/a
 n/a
 n/a
Total $1,458
 $86
 $612
 $760
(1)1 

Excludes liabilities for tax uncertainties, as we cannot reasonably predict the ultimate amount or timing of settlement.

(2)2 

As of April 30, 2012,2013, we have unfunded pension and other postretirement benefit obligations of $281$284 million. Because we cannot determine the specific periods in which those obligations will be funded, the table above reflects no amounts related to those obligations other than the $47$37 million of expected contributions (including $41$30 million of expected discretionary contributions) in fiscal 2013.

2014.

40


(3)3 

As discussed in Note 4 to the accompanying consolidated financial statements, we have obligations to purchase agave, a plant whose sap forms the raw material for tequila. Because we cannot determine the specific periods in which those obligations will be paid, the above table reflects no amounts related to those obligations. As of April 30, 2012,2013, based on current market prices, obligations under these contracts totaled $4$8 million.

We expect to meet these obligations with internally generated funds.

CRITICAL ACCOUNTING ESTIMATES

Our financial statements reflect some estimates involved in applying the following critical accounting policies that entail uncertainties and subjectivity. Using different estimates could have a material effect on our operating results and financial condition.

Goodwill and other intangible assets.  We have obtained most of our brands by acquiring other companies. Upon acquisition, the purchase price is first allocated to identifiable assets and liabilities, including intangible brand names and trademarks (“brand names”), based on estimated fair value, with any remaining purchase price recorded as goodwill. We do not amortize goodwill or intangible assets with indefinite lives. We consider all of our brand names to have indefinite lives.

We assess our goodwill and other indefinite-lived assets for impairment at least annually. If the fair value of an asset is less than its book value, we write it down to its estimated fair value. We evaluate goodwill for impairment if the book value of its reporting unit exceeds its estimated fair value. We estimate the fair value of a reporting unit using discounted estimated future cash flows. We typically estimate the fair value of a brand name using the “relief from royalty” method. We also consider market values for similar assets when available.

Considerable management judgment is necessary to estimate fair value, including making assumptions about future cash flows, discount rates, and royalty rates. Based on our long-term assumptions, we believe none of our goodwill or other intangibles are impaired.

With regard to the Chambord brand name however, its estimated fair value exceeded its book value of $116 million by approximately $10 million as of January 31, 2013, the test date for impairment. While the brand is growing outside the U.S., and we have a number of initiatives that we anticipate will drive growth for the brand globally, we have lower expectations for the brand in the core U.S. market. Future events or even slight changes in the assumptions used to estimate the fair value of this brand name could significantly change its estimated fair value, which could result in a future impairment charge. For example, a 50-basis point increase in our cost of capital, a key assumption in which a small change can have a significant effect, would decrease the fair value of the Chambord brand name by $13 million. This would result in a non-cash brand name impairment charge.

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Property, plant, and equipment.  We depreciate our property, plant, and equipment on a straight-line basis using our estimates of useful life, which are 20–40 years for buildings and improvements; 3–10 years for machinery, equipment, vehicles, furniture, and fixtures; and 3–7 years for capitalized software.

We assess our property, plant, and equipment for impairment whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying value of those assets may not be recoverable. When we do not expect to recover the carrying value of an asset (or asset group) through undiscounted future cash flows, we write it down to its estimated fair value. We determine fair value using discounted estimated future cash flows, considering market values for similar assets when available. Considerable management judgment is necessary to assess impairment and estimate fair value.

Pension and other postretirement benefits.  We sponsor various defined benefit pension plans as well as postretirement plans providing retiree health care and retiree life insurance benefits. Benefits are based on factors such as years of service and compensation level during employment. We expense the benefits expected to be paid over employees’ expected service. This requires us to make assumptions to determine the net benefit expense and obligations, such as interest rates, return on plan assets, the rate of salary increases, expected service, and health care cost trend rates.

The assets, obligations, and assumptions used to measure pension and retiree medical expenses are determined at the beginning of the year (“measurement date”). Because obligations are measured on a discounted basis, the discount rate is a significant assumption. It is based on interest rates for high-quality, long-term corporate debt at each measurement date. The expected return on pension plan assets reflects expected capital market returns for each asset class, which are based on historical returns, adjusted for the expected effects of

41


diversification and active management (net of fees) of the assets. The other assumptions also reflect our historical experience and management’s best judgment regarding future expectations.

We review our assumptions on each annual measurement date. As of April 30, 2012,2013, we have decreased the discount rate for pension obligations from 5.67%4.92% to 4.92%4.08%, and for other postretirement benefit obligations from 5.59%4.84% to 4.84%4.36%. We have also decreased the expected return on plan assets from 8.25%7.75% to 7.75%7.50% as a result of lower capital markets return expectations for our current asset allocation. Using these assumptions, we estimate our pension and postretirement benefit expense for fiscal 20132014 will be approximately $48$51 million, compared to $35$49 million for fiscal 2012.2013. A decrease/increase of 25 basis points in the assumed discount rate would increase/decrease the fiscal 20132014 expense by approximately $3 million. A decrease/increase of 25 basis points in the assumed return on plan assets would increase/decrease the fiscal 20132014 expense by approximately $1 million.

Income taxes.  Our annual effective tax rate is based on our income and the statutory tax rates in the many jurisdictions where we do business. In fiscal 2012,2013, our annual effective income tax rate was 32.5%31.7%, compared to 31.0%32.5% in fiscal 2011.2012. The increasedecrease in our effective tax rate was causeddriven primarily by the absence in fiscal 2012 of an adjustment made during fiscal 2011 to reverse $8 million of income tax expense that was incorrectly recognized in prior periods. We believe thebeneficial impact of this errorincreased foreign earnings, lower state income taxes and the cumulative outbenefit of period adjustment to correct the error is insignificant to our consolidated financial statements for that period and any prior periods.discrete items.

Significant judgment is required in evaluating our tax positions. We establish liabilities when some positions are likely to be challenged and may not succeed, despite our belief that our tax return positions are fully supportable. We adjust these liabilities in light of changing circumstances, such as the progress of a tax audit. We believe current liabilities are appropriate for all known contingencies, but this situation could change.

Years can elapse before we can resolve a particular matter for which we have established a tax liability. Although predicting the final outcome or the timing of resolution of any particular tax matter can be difficult, we believe our liabilities reflect the likely outcome of known tax contingencies. Unfavorable settlement of any particular issue could require use of our cash; conversely, a favorable resolution could result in either reduced cash tax payments, or the reversal of previously established liabilities, or some combination of these, which could reduce our effective tax rate.

Contingencies.  We operate in a litigious environment, and we are sued in the normal course of business. Sometimes plaintiffs seek substantial damages. Significant judgment is required in predicting the outcome of these suits and claims, many of which take years to adjudicate. We accrue estimated costs for a contingency when we believe that a loss is probable and we can make a reasonable estimate of the loss, and then adjust the accrual as appropriate to reflect changes in facts and circumstances. We do not believe these loss contingencies, individually or in the aggregate, would have a material adverse effect on our financial position, results of operations, or liquidity. No material accrued loss contingencies are recorded as of April 30, 2012.2013.

Recent accounting pronouncements.  During fiscal 2012,2013, we adopted new accounting guidance for measuring fair valuethe presentation of comprehensive income and for disclosing information about fair values. Adopting thistesting goodwill and other indefinite-lived intangible assets for impairment. Our adoption of the new accounting guidance had no material impact on our financial statements.

New guidance for the presentation of comprehensive incomedisclosures about offsetting assets and liabilities and for testing goodwill for impairmentreporting amounts reclassified out of accumulated other comprehensive income will become effective for us during fiscal 2013.2014. We do not expect our adoption of this guidance to have a material impact on our financial statements.

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Item 7A.     Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures about Market Risk

OUR MARKET RISKS

We are exposed to market risks arising from adverse changes in (a) foreign exchange rates, (b) commodity prices affecting the cost of our raw materials and energy, and (c) interest rates. We try to manage risk responsibly through a variety of strategies, including production initiatives and hedging strategies. Our foreign currency hedging contracts are subject to changes in exchange rates, our commodity futures and optionforward purchase contracts are subject to changes in commodity prices, and some of our debt obligations are subject to changes in interest rates. We discuss these exposures below and also provide a sensitivity analysis as to the effect the changes could have on our results of operations.

Please refer to Notes 8 and 10 for additional information.

Please see Note 4 to our consolidated financial statements for details on our grape and agave purchase obligations, which are exposed to commodity price risk, and “Critical Accounting Estimates” in “ItemItem 7. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations”Operations for a discussion of our pension and other postretirement plans’ exposure to interest rate risks. Also, please see “ItemItem 1A. Risk Factors”Factors for details on how economic conditions affecting market risks also affect the demand for and pricing of our products.

products and how we are affected by fluctuations in foreign currency exchange rates.

Foreign Exchange.    Foreign currencies’ strength relative  The more we expand our business outside the United States, the more our financial results will be exposed to exchange rate fluctuations. This exposure includes sales of our brands in currencies other than the dollar affects sales and the cost of purchasing goods, services, and services, including advertising, selling, general,manpower we purchase in currencies other than the dollar. Because we sell more in local currencies than we purchase, we have a net exposure to changes in the dollar’s value. To buffer these exchange rate fluctuations, we regularly hedge a portion of our foreign currency exposure. But over the long term, our reported financial results will generally be hurt by a stronger dollar and administrative expenses, in our markets. helped by a weaker dollar.
We estimate that our foreign currency revenue for our largest exposures will exceed our foreign currency expenses by approximately $640$660 million in fiscal 2013.2014. Foreign exchange rates also affect the carrying value of our foreign-currency-denominated assets and liabilities.

If we did not hedge these foreign currency exposures, our results of operations and financial position would improve when the dollar weakens against foreign currencies and decline when the dollar strengthens against them. But we routinely use foreign currency forward and option contracts to hedge our transactional foreign exchange risk and, in some circumstances, our net asset exposure. If these contracts remain effective, we will not recognize any unrealized gains or losses until we either recognize the underlying hedged transactions in earnings or convert the underlying hedged net asset exposures. At April 30, 2012,2013, our total foreign currency hedges had a notional value of $510$686 million, with a maximum term outstanding of 24 months, and a net unrealized lossgain of $5$1 million.

As of April 30, 2012,2013, we hedged approximately 48%60% of our total transactional exposure to foreign exchange fluctuations in 20132014 for our major currencies by entering into foreign currency forward and option contracts. Considering these hedges, we estimate that a 10% increase in the average value of the dollar in 20132014 relative to the fiscal 20122013 effective exchange rates for our significant currency exposures would reduce our fiscal 20132014 operating income by approximately $35$27 million. Conversely, a 10% decline in the value of the dollar relative to fiscal 20122013 effective rates would increase our fiscal 20132014 operating income by approximately $36$27 million.

Commodity Prices.  Commodity prices are affected by weather, supply and demand, and other geopolitical and economic variables. We use futures contracts and options to reduce corn’s price volatility. At April 30, 2012, we had outstanding derivative contracts on approximately two million bushels of corn with net unrealized loss of less than $1 million. We estimate that a 10% decrease in corn prices would increase the net unrealized loss at April 30, 2012, by $1 million. Beginning in fiscal year 2013 toTo reduce price volatility, we plan on usinguse deliverable contracts for corn (in which we take physical delivery of the corn underlying each contract), rather than futures contracts and options. We expect to mitigate the effect of some of the increases in our raw material costs throughout ongoing production and cost saving initiatives, and targeted increases in prices for our brands.

Our comprehensive environmental sustainability strategy includes (a) assessing climate change risks related to the availability and prices of our key agricultural inputs, including grains, agave, and grapes, and

43


(b) mitigating these risks where appropriate. We are now in the process of assessing risks in our operations and supply chain related to water availability and quality in order to formalize strategies to address these risks. In concert with these measures, we have set clear goals to reduce energy use, wastewater and greenhouse gas emissions on a per unit basis as well as strive for zero waste sent to landfill from our facilities, which we believe will improve our business operations.

Interest Rates.  Our cash and cash equivalents ($204 as of April 30, 2013) and variable-rate debt and fixed-to-floating interest rate swaps($5 as of April 30, 2013) are exposed to the risk of changes in interest rates. Based on the April 30, 2012,2013, net balance of these items, a 1% point increasedecrease in interest rates would result in $2 million less net interest expense.income.

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Item 8.     Financial Statements and Supplementary Data

BROWN-FORMAN CORPORATION

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS

(Dollars in millions, except per share amounts)

Year Ended April 30,

  2010   2011  2012 

Net sales

  $3,226    $3,404   $3,614  

Excise taxes

   757     818    891  

Cost of sales

   858     862    928  
  

 

 

   

 

 

  

 

 

 

Gross profit

   1,611     1,724    1,795  

Advertising expenses

   350     366    395  

Selling, general, and administrative expenses

   539     574    610  

Amortization expense

   5     5    3  

Other expense (income), net

   7     (76  (1
  

 

 

   

 

 

  

 

 

 

Operating income

   710     855    788  

Interest income

   3     3    3  

Interest expense

   31     29    31  
  

 

 

   

 

 

  

 

 

 

Income before income taxes

   682     829    760  

Income taxes

   233     257    247  
  

 

 

   

 

 

  

 

 

 

Net income

  $449    $572   $513  
  

 

 

   

 

 

  

 

 

 

Earnings per share:

     

Basic

  $3.03    $3.92   $3.59  

Diluted

  $3.02    $3.90   $3.56  

Year Ended April 30,2011 2012 2013
Net sales$3,404
 $3,614
 $3,784
Excise taxes818
 891
 935
Cost of sales862
 928
 894
Gross profit1,724
 1,795
 1,955
Advertising expenses366
 395
 408
Selling, general, and administrative expenses574
 610
 650
Amortization expense5
 3
 
Other (income) expense, net(76) (1) (1)
Operating income855
 788
 898
Interest income3
 3
 3
Interest expense29
 31
 36
Income before income taxes829
 760
 865
Income taxes257
 247
 274
Net income$572
 $513
 $591
Earnings per share:     
Basic$2.61
 $2.39
 $2.77
Diluted$2.60
 $2.37
 $2.75
The accompanying notes are an integral part of the consolidated financial statements.

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BROWN-FORMAN CORPORATION

CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS

STATEMENTS OF COMPREHENSIVE INCOME

(Dollars in millions)

April 30,

  2011  2012 

ASSETS

   

Cash and cash equivalents

  $567   $338  

Accounts receivable, less allowance for doubtful accounts of $18 in 2011 and $9 in 2012

   496    475  

Inventories:

   

Barreled whiskey

   330    388  

Finished goods

   150    159  

Work in process

   120    115  

Raw materials and supplies

   47    50  
  

 

 

  

 

 

 

Total inventories

   647    712  

Current deferred tax assets

   48    36  

Other current assets

   218    188  
  

 

 

  

 

 

 

Total current assets

   1,976    1,749  

Property, plant, and equipment, net

   393    399  

Goodwill

   625    617  

Other intangible assets

   670    668  

Deferred tax assets

   12    6  

Other assets

   36    38  
  

 

 

  

 

 

 

Total assets

  $3,712   $3,477  
  

 

 

  

 

 

 

LIABILITIES

   

Accounts payable and accrued expenses

  $412   $386  

Accrued income taxes

   32    10  

Current deferred tax liabilities

   8    1  

Short-term borrowings

       4  

Current portion of long-term debt

   255    3  
  

 

 

  

 

 

 

Total current liabilities

   707    404  

Long-term debt, less unamortized discount of $2 in 2011 and $1 in 2012

   504    503  

Deferred tax liabilities

   150    158  

Accrued pension and other postretirement benefits

   203    278  

Other liabilities

   88    65  
  

 

 

  

 

 

 

Total liabilities

   1,652    1,408  

Commitments and contingencies

   

STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY

   

Common stock:

   

Class A, voting, $0.15 par value (57,000,000 shares authorized; 56,964,000 shares issued)

   9    9  

Class B, nonvoting, $0.15 par value (100,000,000 shares authorized; 99,363,000 shares issued)

   15    15  

Additional paid-in capital

   55    49  

Retained earnings

   2,710    3,031  

Accumulated other comprehensive (loss) income, net of tax:

   

Pension and other postretirement benefits adjustment

   (165  (220

Cumulative translation adjustment

   48    (7

Unrealized loss on cash flow hedge contracts

   (14  (3

Treasury stock, at cost (11,337,000 and 14,253,000 shares in 2011 and 2012, respectively)

   (598  (805
  

 

 

  

 

 

 

Total stockholders’ equity

   2,060    2,069  
  

 

 

  

 

 

 

Total liabilities and stockholders’ equity

  $3,712   $3,477  
  

 

 

  

 

 

 

Year Ended April 30,2011 2012 2013
Net income$572
 $513
 $591
Other comprehensive income (loss), net of tax (cost) benefit:     
Foreign currency translation adjustment, net of tax of $(9), $7, and $1 in 2011, 2012, and 2013, respectively37
 (55) 17
Amounts related to postretirement benefit plans:     
Net actuarial gain (loss) and prior service cost, net of tax of $(9), $42, and $16 in 2011, 2012, and 2013, respectively13
 (67) (16)
Reclassification to earnings, net of tax of $(8), $(8), and $(15) in 2011, 2012, and 2013, respectively12
 12
 15
Amounts related to cash flow hedges:     
Net (loss) gain on hedging instruments, net of tax of $10, $(3), and $(4) in 2011, 2012, and 2013, respectively(17) 6
 3
Reclassification to earnings, net of tax of $(3) in 2012 and $1 in 2013
 5
 
Net other comprehensive income (loss)45
 (99) 19
Comprehensive income$617
 $414
 $610
The accompanying notes are an integral part of the consolidated financial statements.

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BROWN-FORMAN CORPORATION

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS

BALANCE SHEETS

(Dollars in millions)

Year Ended April 30,

  2010  2011  2012 

Cash flows from operating activities:

    

Net income

  $449   $572   $513  

Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash provided by operations:

    

Gain on sale of business

       (38    

Non-cash asset write-downs

   12          

Depreciation and amortization

   59    56    49  

Stock-based compensation expense

   8    9    9  

Deferred income taxes

   11    27    53  

Other

   (1  (2  1  

Changes in assets and liabilities, excluding the effects of sale of business:

    

Accounts receivable

   (35  (57  2  

Inventories

   21    (42  (88

Other current assets

   24    (2  19  

Accounts payable and accrued expenses

   (14  21    19  

Accrued income taxes

   (2  7    (13

Noncurrent assets and liabilities

   13    (24  (48
  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

 

Cash provided by operating activities

   545    527    516  

Cash flows from investing activities:

    

Proceeds from sale of business

       234      

Additions to property, plant, and equipment

   (34  (39  (58

Proceeds from sale of property, plant, and equipment

   2    12      

Acquisition of brand names and trademarks

       (1  (7

Computer software expenditures

   (3  (3  (3
  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

 

Cash (used for) provided by investing activities

   (35  203    (68

Cash flows from financing activities:

    

Net change in short-term borrowings

   (149  (188  4  

Repayment of long-term debt

   (153  (3  (252

Proceeds from long-term debt

       248      

Debt issuance costs

       (2    

Net payments related to exercise of stock-based awards

   (6  (7  (10

Excess tax benefits from stock-based awards

   3    8    8  

Acquisition of treasury stock

   (158  (136  (220

Dividends paid

   (174  (326  (192
  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

 

Cash used for financing activities

   (637  (406  (662

Effect of exchange rate changes on cash and cash equivalents

   19    11    (15
  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

 

Net (decrease) increase in cash and cash equivalents

   (108  335    (229

Cash and cash equivalents, beginning of period

   340    232    567  
  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

 

Cash and cash equivalents, end of period

  $232   $567   $338  
  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

 

Supplemental disclosure of cash paid for:

    

Interest

  $32   $26   $33  

Income taxes

  $219   $203   $203  

April 30,2012 2013
ASSETS   
Cash and cash equivalents$338
 $204
Accounts receivable, less allowance for doubtful accounts of $9 in 2012 and $9 in 2013475
 548
Inventories:   
Barreled whiskey388
 456
Finished goods159
 177
Work in process115
 137
Raw materials and supplies50
 57
Total inventories712
 827
Current deferred tax assets36
 29
Other current assets188
 213
Total current assets1,749
 1,821
Property, plant, and equipment, net399
 450
Goodwill617
 617
Other intangible assets668
 668
Deferred tax assets6
 14
Other assets38
 56
Total assets$3,477
 $3,626
LIABILITIES   
Accounts payable and accrued expenses$386
 $451
Accrued income taxes10
 10
Current deferred tax liabilities1
 7
Short-term borrowings4
 3
Current portion of long-term debt3
 2
Total current liabilities404
 473
Long-term debt, less unamortized discount of $1 in 2012 and $3 in 2013503
 997
Deferred tax liabilities158
 180
Accrued pension and other postretirement benefits278
 280
Other liabilities65
 68
Total liabilities1,408
 1,998
Commitments and contingencies

 

STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY   
Common stock:   
Class A, voting, $0.15 par value (57,000,000 and 85,000,000 shares authorized in 2012 and 2013, respectively; 56,964,000 and 85,000,000 shares issued in 2012 and 2013, respectively)9
 13
Class B, nonvoting, $0.15 par value (100,000,000 and 400,000,000 shares authorized in 2012 and 2013, respectively; 99,363,000 and 142,313,000 shares issued in 2012 and 2013, respectively)15
 21
Additional paid-in capital49
 71
Retained earnings3,031
 2,500
Accumulated other comprehensive (loss) income, net of tax:   
Pension and other postretirement benefits adjustment(220) (221)
Cumulative translation adjustment(7) 10
Unrealized loss on cash flow hedge contracts(3) 
Treasury stock, at cost (14,253,000 and 13,606,000 shares in 2012 and 2013, respectively)(805) (766)
Total stockholders’ equity2,069
 1,628
Total liabilities and stockholders’ equity$3,477
 $3,626
The accompanying notes are an integral part of the consolidated financial statements.

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BROWN-FORMAN CORPORATION

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY

CASH FLOWS

(Dollars in millions, except per share amounts)

Year Ended April 30,

  2010  2011  2012 

Class A Common Stock, balance at beginning and end of year

  $9   $9   $9  

Class B Common Stock, balance at beginning and end of year

   15    15    15  

Additional Paid-in Capital:

    

Balance at beginning of year

   67    59    55  

Stock-based compensation expense

   8    9    9  

Loss on issuance of treasury stock issued under compensation plans

   (19  (21  (23

Excess tax benefits from stock-based awards

   3    8    8  
  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

 

Balance at end of year

   59    55    49  
  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

 

Retained Earnings:

    

Balance at beginning of year

   2,189    2,464    2,710  

Net income

   449    572    513  

Cash dividends ($1.18, $2.24, and $1.34 per share in 2010, 2011, and 2012, respectively)

   (174  (326  (192
  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

 

Balance at end of year

   2,464    2,710    3,031  
  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

 

Accumulated Other Comprehensive (Loss) Income, Net of Tax:

    

Balance at beginning of year

   (133  (176  (131

Net other comprehensive (loss) income

   (43  45    (99
  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

 

Balance at end of year

   (176  (131  (230
  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

 

Treasury Stock, at Cost:

    

Balance at beginning of year

   (331  (476  (598

Acquisition of treasury stock

   (158  (136  (220

Stock issued under compensation plans

   13    14    13  
  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

 

Balance at end of year

   (476  (598  (805
  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

 

Total Stockholders’ Equity

  $1,895   $2,060   $2,069  
  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

 

Class A Common Shares Outstanding (in thousands):

    

Balance at beginning of year

   56,590    56,601    56,561  

Acquisition of treasury stock

   (12  (40  (310

Stock issued under compensation plans

   23          
  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

 

Balance at end of year

   56,601    56,561    56,251  
  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

 

Class B Common Shares Outstanding (in thousands):

    

Balance at beginning of year

   93,537    90,362    88,429  

Acquisition of treasury stock

   (3,398  (2,200  (2,851

Stock issued under compensation plans

   223    267    245  
  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

 

Balance at end of year

   90,362    88,429    85,823  
  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

 

Total Common Shares Outstanding (in thousands)

   146,963    144,990    142,074  
  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

 

millions)

Year Ended April 30,2011 2012 2013
Cash flows from operating activities:     
Net income$572
 $513
 $591
Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash provided by operations:     
Gain on sale of business(38) 
 
Depreciation and amortization56
 49
 51
Stock-based compensation expense9
 9
 11
Deferred income taxes27
 53
 26
Other, net(2) 1
 2
Changes in assets and liabilities, excluding the effects of sale of business:     
Accounts receivable(57) 2
 (65)
Inventories(42) (88) (105)
Other current assets(2) 19
 (22)
Accounts payable and accrued expenses21
 19
 58
Accrued income taxes7
 (13) 17
Noncurrent assets and liabilities(24) (48) (27)
Cash provided by operating activities527
 516
 537
Cash flows from investing activities:     
Proceeds from sale of business234
 
 
Additions to property, plant, and equipment(39) (58) (95)
Proceeds from sale of property, plant, and equipment12
 
 
Acquisition of brand names and trademarks(1) (7) (1)
Computer software expenditures(3) (3) (1)
Cash provided by (used for) investing activities203
 (68) (97)
Cash flows from financing activities:     
Net change in short-term borrowings(188) 4
 (1)
Repayment of long-term debt(3) (252) (253)
Proceeds from long-term debt248
 
 747
Debt issuance costs(2) 
 (7)
Net payments related to exercise of stock-based awards(7) (10) (16)
Excess tax benefits from stock-based awards8
 8
 17
Acquisition of treasury stock(136) (220) 
Dividends paid(326) (192) (1,063)
Cash used for financing activities(406) (662) (576)
Effect of exchange rate changes on cash and cash equivalents11
 (15) 2
Net increase (decrease) in cash and cash equivalents335
 (229) (134)
Cash and cash equivalents, beginning of period232
 567
 338
Cash and cash equivalents, end of period$567
 $338
 $204
Supplemental disclosure of cash paid for:     
Interest$26
 $33
 $32
Income taxes$203
 $203
 $252
The accompanying notes are an integral part of the consolidated financial statements.

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40

Table of Contents

BROWN-FORMAN CORPORATION

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF COMPREHENSIVE INCOME

STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY

(Dollars in millions)

Year Ended April 30,

  2010  2011  2012 

Net income

  $449   $572   $513  

Other comprehensive (loss) income:

    

Foreign currency translation adjustment, net of tax of $(5), $(9), and $7 in 2010, 2011, and 2012, respectively

   21    37    (55

Amounts related to postretirement benefit plans:

    

Net actuarial (loss) gain and prior service cost, net of tax of $46, $(9), and $42 in 2010, 2011, and 2012, respectively

   (66  13    (67

Reclassification to earnings, net of tax of $(2), $(8), and $(8) in 2010, 2011, and 2012, respectively

   3    12    12  

Amounts related to cash flow hedges:

    

Net (loss) gain on hedging instruments, net of tax of $7, $10, and $(3) in 2010, 2011, and 2012, respectively

   (11  (17  6  

Reclassification to earnings, net of tax of $(6) in 2010 and $(3) in 2012

   10        5  
  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

 

Net other comprehensive (loss) income

   (43  45    (99
  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

 

Total comprehensive income

  $406   $617   $414  
  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

 

millions, except per share amounts)

Year Ended April 30,2011 2012 2013
Class A Common Stock:     
Balance at beginning of year$9
 $9
 $9
Stock split
 
 4
Balance at end of year9
 9
 13
Class B Common Stock:     
Balance at beginning of year15
 15
 15
Stock split
 
 6
Balance at end of year15
 15
 21
Additional Paid-in Capital:     
Balance at beginning of year59
 55
 49
Stock-based compensation expense9
 9
 11
Loss on issuance of treasury stock issued under compensation plans(21) (23) (6)
Excess tax benefits from stock-based awards8
 8
 17
Balance at end of year55
 49
 71
Retained Earnings:     
Balance at beginning of year2,464
 2,710
 3,031
Stock split
 
 (18)
Net income572
 513
 591
Cash dividends ($1.49, $0.89, and $4.98 per share in 2011, 2012, and 2013, respectively)(326) (192) (1,063)
Loss on issuance of treasury stock issued under compensation plans


 (41)
Balance at end of year2,710
 3,031
 2,500
Accumulated Other Comprehensive (Loss) Income, Net of Tax:     
Balance at beginning of year(176) (131) (230)
Net other comprehensive (loss) income45
 (99) 19
Balance at end of year(131) (230) (211)
Treasury Stock, at Cost:     
Balance at beginning of year(476) (598) (805)
Stock split
 
 8
Acquisition of treasury stock(136) (220) 
Stock issued under compensation plans14
 13
 31
Balance at end of year(598) (805) (766)
Total Stockholders’ Equity$2,060
 $2,069
 $1,628
Class A Common Shares Outstanding (in thousands):     
Balance at beginning of year56,601
 56,561
 56,251
Stock split
 
 28,149
Acquisition of treasury stock(40) (310) 
Stock issued under compensation plans
 
 46
Balance at end of year56,561
 56,251
 84,446
Class B Common Shares Outstanding (in thousands):     
Balance at beginning of year90,362
 88,429
 85,823
Stock split
 
 42,951
Acquisition of treasury stock(2,200) (2,851) 
Stock issued under compensation plans267
 245
 487
Balance at end of year88,429
 85,823
 129,261
Total Common Shares Outstanding (in thousands)144,990
 142,074
 213,707
The accompanying notes are an integral part of the consolidated financial statements.

49


41

BROWN-FORMAN CORPORATION

Table of Contents

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

(Dollars in Millions, except Per Share Data)

1. ACCOUNTING POLICIES

We prepare our consolidated financial statements in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States (GAAP). We also apply the following accounting policies when preparing our consolidated financial statements:

Principles of consolidation.  Our consolidated financial statements include the accounts of all subsidiaries in which we have a controlling financial interest. We use the equity method to account for investments in affiliates over which we can exercise significant influence (but not control). We carry all other investments in affiliates at cost. We eliminate all intercompany transactions.

Cash equivalents.  Cash equivalents include bank demand deposits and all highly liquid investments with original maturities of three months or less.

Allowance for doubtful accounts.  We evaluate the collectability of accounts receivable based on a combination of factors. When we are aware of circumstances that may impair a specific customer’s ability to meet its financial obligations, we record a specific allowance to reduce the net recognized receivable to the amount we believe will be collected. We write off the uncollectable amount against the allowance when we have exhausted our collection efforts.

Inventories.  We state inventories at the lower of cost or market, with approximately 63%58% of consolidated inventories being valued using the last-in, first-out (LIFO) method. We value the remainder primarily using the first-in, first-out (FIFO) method. FIFO cost approximates current replacement cost. If we had used the FIFO method for all inventories, they would have been $204$213 and $213$209 higher than reported at April 30, 20112012 and 2012,2013, respectively.

Whiskey must be aged

Because we age most of our whiskeys in barrels for severalthree to six years, so we bottle and sell only a portion of our whiskey inventory each year. Following industry practice, we classify all barreled whiskey as a current asset. We include warehousing, insurance, ad valorem taxes, and other carrying charges applicable to barreled whiskey in inventory costs.

We classify bulk wine and agave inventories as work in process.

Property, plant, and equipment.  We state property, plant, and equipment at cost less accumulated depreciation. We calculate depreciation on a straight-line basis using our estimates of useful life, which are 20–2040 years for buildings and improvements; 3–310 years for machinery, equipment, vehicles, furniture, and fixtures; and 3–37 years for capitalized software.

We assess our property, plant, and equipment for impairment whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying value of those assets may not be recoverable. When we do not expect to recover the carrying value of an asset (or asset group) through undiscounted future cash flows, we write it down to its estimated fair value. We determine fair value using discounted estimated future cash flows, considering market values for similar assets when available.

When we retire or dispose of property, plant, and equipment, we remove its cost and accumulated depreciation from our balance sheet and reflect any gain or loss in operating income. We expense the costs of repairing and maintaining our property, plant, and equipment as we incur them.

50


BROWN-FORMAN CORPORATION

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS — (Continued)

(Dollars in Millions, except Per Share Data)

1. ACCOUNTING POLICIES (Continued)

Goodwill and other intangible assets.  We have obtained most of our brands by acquiring other companies. Upon acquisition, the purchase price is first allocated to identifiable assets and liabilities, including intangible brand names and trademarks (“brand names”), based on estimated fair value, with any remaining purchase price recorded as goodwill. We do not amortize goodwill or intangible assets with indefinite lives. We consider all of our brand names to have indefinite lives.

We assess our goodwill and other indefinite-lived intangible assets for impairment at least annually. If the fair value of an asset is less than its book value, we write it down to its estimated fair value. We evaluate goodwill for impairment if the book value of its reporting unit exceeds its estimated fair value. We estimate the fair value of a reporting unit using discounted estimated future cash flows. We typically estimate the fair value of a brand name using the “relief from royalty” method. We also consider market values for similar assets when available. Considerable management judgment is necessary to estimate fair value, including the selection of assumptions about future cash flows, discount rates, and royalty rates.

Foreign currency translation.  The U.S. dollar is the functional currency for most of our consolidated operations. For those operations, we report all gains and losses from foreign currency transactions in current income. The local currency is the functional currency for some foreign operations. For those investments, we report cumulative translation effects as a component of accumulated other comprehensive income (loss), a component of stockholders’ equity.


42

Table of Contents

Revenue recognition.  We recognize revenue when title and risk of loss pass to the customer, typically when the product is shipped. Some sales contracts contain customer acceptance provisions that grant a right of return on the basis of either subjective or objective criteria. We record revenue net of the estimated cost of sales returns, allowances, and allowances.discounts.

Sales discounts.    Sales discounts, which are recorded as a reduction of net sales, totaled $398, $461, and $531 for 2010, 2011, and 2012, respectively.

Excise taxes.  Our sales are subject to excise taxes, which we collect from our customers and remit to governmental authorities. We present these taxes on a gross basis (included in net sales and costs before gross profit) in the consolidated statement of operations.

Cost of sales.  Cost of sales includes the costs of receiving, producing, inspecting, warehousing, insuring, and shipping goods sold during the period.

Shipping and handling fees and costs.  We report the amounts we bill to our customers for shipping and handling as net sales, and we report the costs we incur for shipping and handling as cost of sales.

Advertising costs.  We expense the costs of advertising during the year when the advertisements first take place.

Selling, general, and administrative expenses.  Selling, general, and administrative expenses include the costs associated with our sales force, administrative staff and facilities, and other expenses related to our non-manufacturing functions.

Income taxes.  We base our annual provision for income taxes on the pre-tax income reflected in our consolidated statement of operations. We establish deferred tax liabilities or assets for temporary differences

51


BROWN-FORMAN CORPORATION

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS — (Continued)

(Dollars in Millions, except Per Share Data)

1. ACCOUNTING POLICIES (Continued)

between financial and tax reporting bases and subsequently adjust them to reflect changes in tax rates expected to be in effect when the temporary differences reverse. We record a valuation allowance as necessary to reduce a deferred tax to the amount that we believe is more likely than not to be realized. We do not provide deferred income taxes on undistributed earnings of foreign subsidiaries that we expect to permanently reinvest.

We assess our uncertain income tax positions using a two-step process. First, we evaluate whether the tax position will more likely than not, based on its technical merits, be sustained upon examination, including resolution of any related appeals or litigation. For a tax position that does not meet this first criterion, we recognize no tax benefit. For a tax position that does meet the first criterion, we recognize a tax benefit in an amount equal to the largest amount of benefit that we believe has more than a 50% likelihood of being realized upon ultimate resolution.

Earnings per share.  We calculate basic earnings per share by dividing net income available to common stockholders by the weighted average number of common shares outstanding during the period. Diluted earnings per share further includes the dilutive effect of stock-based compensation awards, including stock options, stock-settled stock appreciation rights, restricted stock units, deferred stock units, and shares of restricted stock. We calculate that dilutive effect using the “treasury stock method” (as defined by GAAP).

Some restricted sharesof the stock-based awards have non-forfeitable rights to dividends declared on common stock. As a result, these restricted sharesthose awards are considered participating securities in the calculation of earnings per share.

The following table presents information concerning basic and diluted earnings per share:

   2010  2011  2012 

Basic and diluted net income

  $449   $572   $513  

Income allocated to participating securities

   (1  (1    
  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

 

Net income available to common stockholders

  $448   $571   $513  
  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

 

Share data (in thousands):

    

Basic average common shares outstanding

   147,834    145,603    143,019  

Dilutive effect of stock-based awards

   741    910    1,036  
  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

 

Diluted average common shares outstanding

   148,575    146,513    144,055  
  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

 

Basic earnings per share

  $3.03   $3.92   $3.59  

Diluted earnings per share

  $3.02   $3.90   $3.56  

 2011 2012 2013
Basic and diluted net income$572
 $513
 $591
Income allocated to participating securities(1) 
 
Net income available to common stockholders$571
 $513
 $591
      
Share data (in thousands):     
Basic average common shares outstanding218,405
 214,529
 213,369
Dilutive effect of stock-based awards1,365
 1,554
 1,617
Diluted average common shares outstanding219,770
 216,083
 214,986
      
Basic earnings per share$2.61
 $2.39
 $2.77
Diluted earnings per share$2.60
 $2.37
 $2.75
We excluded common stock-based awards for approximately 824,000595,000 shares, 350,000436,000 shares, and 291,000398,000 shares from the calculation of diluted earnings per share for 2010, 2011, 2012, and 2012,2013, respectively, because they were not dilutive for those periods under the treasury stock method.


43

Table of Contents

We try to limit the source of shares for stock-based compensation awards to treasury shares that we purchase from time to time on the open market (at times in connection with a publicly announced share repurchase program), in private transactions, or otherwise. If we determine that the timing of such purchases may unduly affect the market price of the shares, the purchases may be spread over a period of time sufficient to minimize such effect. We may use newly-issued shares to cover exercises or redemptions of awards, and then purchase an equal number of shares on the open market or otherwise as quickly as is reasonably practicable thereafter. This practice minimizes long-term dilution to our stockholders.

52


BROWN-FORMAN CORPORATIONEstimates.

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS — (Continued)

(Dollars in Millions, except Per Share Data)

1. ACCOUNTING POLICIES (Continued)

Estimates.  To prepare financial statements that conform with GAAP, our management must make informed estimates that affect how we report revenues, expenses, assets, and liabilities, including contingent assets and liabilities. Actual results could (and probably will) differ from these estimates.

Recent accounting pronouncements.  During fiscal 2012,2013, we adopted new accounting guidance for measuring fair valuethe presentation of comprehensive income and for disclosing information about fair values. Adopting thistesting goodwill and other indefinite-lived intangible assets for impairment. Our adoption of the new accounting guidance had no material impact on our financial statements.

New guidance for the presentation of comprehensive incomedisclosures about offsetting assets and liabilities and for testing goodwill for impairmentreporting amounts reclassified out of accumulated other comprehensive income will become effective for us during fiscal 2013.2014. We do not expect our adoption of this guidance to have a material impact on our financial statements.

2. BALANCE SHEET INFORMATION

Supplemental information on our year-end balance sheets is as follows:

April 30,

  2011   2012 

Other current assets:

    

Prepaid taxes

  $129    $120  

Other

   89     68  
  

 

 

   

 

 

 
  $218    $188  
  

 

 

   

 

 

 

Property, plant, and equipment:

    

Land

  $69    $70  

Buildings

   317     330  

Equipment

   446     454  

Construction in process

   11     21  
  

 

 

   

 

 

 
   843     875  

Less accumulated depreciation

   450     476  
  

 

 

   

 

 

 
  $393    $399  
  

 

 

   

 

 

 

Accounts payable and accrued expenses:

    

Accounts payable, trade

  $126    $120  

Accrued expenses:

    

Advertising

   72     64  

Compensation and commissions

   81     87  

Excise and other non-income taxes

   54     58  

Self-insurance claims

   11     10  

Postretirement benefits

   6     6  

Interest

   7     5  

Other

   55     36  
  

 

 

   

 

 

 
   286     266  
  

 

 

   

 

 

 
  $412    $386  
  

 

 

   

 

 

 

53

April 30,2012 2013
Other current assets:   
Prepaid taxes$120
 $123
Other68
 90
 $188
 $213
Property, plant, and equipment:   
Land$70
 $70
Buildings330
 351
Equipment454
 487
Construction in process21
 48
 875
 956
Less accumulated depreciation476
 506
 $399
 $450
Accounts payable and accrued expenses:   
Accounts payable, trade$120
 $133
Accrued expenses:   
Advertising and promotion64
 85
Compensation and commissions87
 106
Excise and other non-income taxes58
 65
Self-insurance losses10
 11
Postretirement benefits6
 6
Interest5
 9
Other36
 36
 266
 318
 $386
 $451


44

BROWN-FORMAN CORPORATION

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS — (Continued)

(Dollars in Millions, except Per Share Data)

Table of Contents

3. GOODWILL AND OTHER INTANGIBLE ASSETS

The following table shows the changes in the amounts recorded as goodwill (which includes no accumulated impairment losses) over the past two years:

Balance as of April 30, 2010

  $666  

Disposal of Hopland-based wine business (Note 13)

   (49

Foreign currency translation adjustment

   8  
  

 

 

 

Balance as of April 30, 2011

   625  

Foreign currency translation adjustment

   (8
  

 

 

 

Balance as of April 30, 2012

  $617  
  

 

 

 

Balance as of April 30, 2011$625
Foreign currency translation adjustment(8)
Balance as of April 30, 2012617
Foreign currency translation adjustment
Balance as of April 30, 2013$617
As of April 30, 20112012 and 2012,2013, our other intangible assets consisted of:

   Gross  Carrying
Amount
   Accumulated Amortization 
   2011   2012   2011  2012 

Finite-lived intangible assets:

       

Distribution rights

  $25    $    $(22    

Indefinite-lived intangible assets:

       

Trademarks and brand names

   667     668           

of trademarks and brand names, all with indefinite useful lives.

Amortization expense related to finite-lived intangible assets (which expired during 2012) was $5, $5, and $3 during 2010,$5 in 2011 and 2012, respectively.

As discussed$3 in Note 1, we assess each of our indefinite-lived intangible assets for impairment at least annually. During fiscal 2010, our assessment indicated that the book value of one of our brand names, Don Eduardo, exceeded its fair value by $12. As a result, we wrote down the book value of the Don Eduardo brand name by that amount, which is reflected in other expense in the accompanying consolidated statement of operations. The remaining book value of the Don Eduardo brand name is not material. The decline in its value reflected a significant reduction in estimated future net sales for this low-volume, high-priced tequila brand that had in part been affected by the downturn in the global economic environment that began during the second half of calendar 2008.

During fiscal 2012, we acquired the trademarks and related intellectual property rights (“brand name”) to Maximus Vodka for $7. We consider this brand name to have an indefinite life.

2012.

4. COMMITMENTS

We made rental payments for real estate, vehicles, and office, computer, and manufacturing equipment under operating leases of $22 each in 2010, 2011,$22, $22, and 2012.$22 during 2011, 2012, and 2013, respectively. We have commitments related to minimum lease payments of $16$17 in 2013, $122014, $11 in 2014, $82015, $7 in 2015, $52016, $6 in 2016, $32017, $1 in 2017,2018, and $5$1 after 2017.

2018.

We have contracted with various growers and wineries to supply some of our future grape and bulk wine requirements. Many of these contracts call for prices to be adjusted annually up or down, according to market conditions. Some contracts set a fixed purchase price that might be higher or lower than prevailing market price. We have total purchase obligations related to both types of contracts of $6$6 in 2013, $42014, $3 in 2014,2015, $2 in 2016, $2 in 2017, $0 in 2018, and $3$1 after 2014.

54


BROWN-FORMAN CORPORATION2018

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS — (Continued).

(Dollars in Millions, except Per Share Data)

4. COMMITMENTS (Continued)

We also have contracts for the purchase of agave, which is used to produce tequila. These contracts provide for prices to be determined based on market conditions at the time of harvest, which, although not specified, is expected to occur over the next 10 years. As of April 30, 2012,2013, based on current market prices, obligations under these contracts totaled $4.

$8.

5. CONTINGENCIES

We operate in a litigious environment, and we are sued in the normal course of business. Sometimes plaintiffs seek substantial damages. Significant judgment is required in predicting the outcome of these suits and claims, many of which take years to adjudicate. We accrue estimated costs for a contingency when we believe that a loss is probable and we can make a reasonable estimate of the loss, and then adjust the accrual as appropriate to reflect changes in facts and circumstances. We do not believe these loss contingencies, individually or in the aggregate, would have a material adverse effect on our financial position, results of operations, or liquidity. No material accrued loss contingencies are recorded as of April 30, 2012.

2013.

6. CREDIT FACILITIES

We have a committed revolving credit agreement with various U.S. and international banks for $800$800 that expires in November 2016.2017. Its most restrictive quantitative covenant requires that our consolidated EBITDA (as defined in the agreement) to consolidated interest expense not be less than a ratio of 3 to 1. At April 30, 2012,2013, we were well within this covenant’s parameters and had no borrowing outstanding under this facility.


45


7. DEBT

Our long-term debt (net of unamortized discount) consisted of:

April 30,

  2011   2012 

5.2% notes, due in fiscal 2012

  $252    $  

5.0% notes, due in fiscal 2014

   250     251  

2.5% notes, due in fiscal 2016

   249     249  

Other

   8     6  
  

 

 

   

 

 

 
   759     506  

Less current portion

   255     3  
  

 

 

   

 

 

 
  $504    $503  
  

 

 

   

 

 

 

April 30,2012 2013
5.00% notes, due in fiscal 2014$251
 $
2.50% notes, due in fiscal 2016249
 249
1.00% notes, due in fiscal 2018
 249
2.25% notes, due in fiscal 2023
 249
3.75% notes, due in fiscal 2043
 250
Other6
 2
 506
 999
Less current portion3
 2
 $503
 $997
Debt payments required over the next five fiscal years consist of $3$2 in 2014, $0 in 2015, $250 in 2016, $0 in 2017, $250 in 2018, and $500 after 2018.
On February 25, 2013, $253we redeemed, in full, our 5.00% notes due in fiscal 2014 and $250by exercising a “make whole” call provision of the notes. In connection with the redemption, we incurred costs of $9, which is reflected as interest expense in 2016. (As discussed in Note 10, the carrying valueaccompanying consolidated statement of our debt includes adjustments related to interest rate swap contracts.)

operations.

8. FAIR VALUE MEASUREMENTS

Fair value is defined as the exchange price that would be received for an asset or paid to transfer a liability in the principal or most advantageous market for the asset or liability in an orderly transaction between market participants at the measurement date. We categorize the fair values of assets and liabilities into three levels based

55


BROWN-FORMAN CORPORATION

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS — (Continued)

(Dollars in Millions, except Per Share Data)

8. FAIR VALUE MEASUREMENTS (Continued)

upon the assumptions (inputs) used to determine those values. Level 1 provides the most reliable measure of fair value, while Level 3 generally requires significant management judgment. The three levels are:

Level

1     Quoted prices (unadjusted) in active markets for identical assets or liabilities

Level

2     Observable inputs other than those in Level 1, such as:

Level 1 Quoted prices (unadjusted) in active markets for identical assets or liabilities.
Level 2 Observable inputs other than those included in Level 1, such as quoted prices for similar assets and liabilities in active markets;

quoted prices for identical or similar assets and liabilities in markets that are not active; or

other inputs that are observable or can be derived from or corroborated by observable market data

data.

Level

3     Unobservable inputs that are supported by little or no market activity

This

Level 3 Unobservable inputs that are supported by little or no market activity.

46

Table of Contents

The following table summarizes the assets and liabilities measured at fair value on a recurring basis:

   Level 1   Level 2   Level 3   Total 

April 30, 2011:

        

Assets:

        

Commodity derivatives

  $5    $    $    $5  

Interest rate swaps

        3          3  

Liabilities:

        

Currency derivatives

        25          25  

Current portion of long-term debt

        265          265  

Long-term debt

        531          531  

April 30, 2012:

        

Assets:

        

Currency derivatives

        1          1  

Interest rate swaps

        2          2  

Liabilities:

        

Commodity derivatives

   1               1  

Currency derivatives

        7          7  

Short-term borrowings

        4          4  

Current portion of long-term debt

        3          3  

Long-term debt

        534          534  

 Level 1 Level 2 Level 3 Total
April 30, 2012:       
Assets:       
Currency derivatives$
 $1
 $
 $1
Interest rate swaps
 2
 
 2
Liabilities:       
Commodity derivatives1
 
 
 1
Currency derivatives
 7
 
 7
Short-term borrowings
 4
 
 4
Current portion of long-term debt
 3
 
 3
Long-term debt
 534
 
 534
April 30, 2013:       
Assets:       
Currency derivatives
 5
 
 5
Liabilities:       
Currency derivatives
 4
 
 4
Short-term borrowings
 3
 
 3
Current portion of long-term debt
 2
 
 2
Long-term debt
 1,011
 
 1,011
We determine the fair values of our commodity derivatives (futures and options) primarily using quoted contract prices on futures exchange markets. For these instruments, we use the closing contract price as of the balance sheet date. We determine the fair values of our currency derivatives (forwards and options) and interest rate swaps using standard valuation models. The significant inputs used in these models are readily available in public markets or can be derived from observable market transactions. Inputs used in these standard valuation models include the applicable exchange rate, forward rates, and discount rates for the currency derivatives, and include interest-rate yield curves for the interest rate swaps. The standard valuation model for foreign currency options also uses implied volatility as an additional input. The discount rates are based on the historical U.S. Treasury rates, and the implied volatility specific to individual foreign currency options is based on quoted rates from financial institutions.

56


BROWN-FORMAN CORPORATION

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS — (Continued)

(Dollars in Millions, except Per Share Data)

8. FAIR VALUE MEASUREMENTS (Continued)

The fair value of short-term borrowings approximates the carrying value. We determine the fair value of long-term debt primarily based on the prices at which similar debt has recently traded in the market and also considering the overall market conditions on the date of valuation.

We measure some assets and liabilities at fair value on a nonrecurring basis. That is, we do not measure them at fair value on an ongoing basis, but we do adjust them to fair value in some circumstances (for example, when we determine that an asset is impaired). The fair values of assets and liabilities measured at fair value on a nonrecurring basis during the periods presented in these financial statements were not material as of April 30, 2012.

2013.

9. FAIR VALUE OF FINANCIAL INSTRUMENTS

The fair values of cash, cash equivalents, and short-term borrowings approximate the carrying amounts due to the short maturities of these instruments. We determine the fair values of derivative financial instruments and long-term debt as discussed in Note 8.


47

Table of Contents

Below is a comparison of the fair values and carrying amounts of these instruments:

   2011   2012 

April 30,

  Carrying
Amount
   Fair
Value
   Carrying
Amount
   Fair
Value
 

Assets:

        

Cash and cash equivalents

  $567    $567    $338    $338  

Commodity derivatives

   5     5            

Currency derivatives

             1     1  

Interest rate swaps

   3     3     2     2  

Liabilities:

        

Commodity derivatives

             1     1  

Currency derivatives

   25     25     7     7  

Short-term borrowings

             4     4  

Current portion of long-term debt

   255     265     3     3  

Long-term debt

   504     531     503     534  

 2012 2013
April 30,
Carrying
Amount
 
Fair
Value
 
Carrying
Amount
 
Fair
Value
Assets:       
Cash and cash equivalents$338
 $338
 $204
 $204
Commodity derivatives
 
 
 
Currency derivatives1
 1
 5
 5
Interest rate swaps2
 2
 
 
Liabilities:       
Commodity derivatives1
 1
 
 
Currency derivatives7
 7
 4
 4
Short-term borrowings4
 4
 3
 3
Current portion of long-term debt3
 3
 2
 2
Long-term debt503
 534
 997
 1,011
10. DERIVATIVE FINANCIAL INSTRUMENTS

Our multinational business exposes us to global market risks, including the effect of fluctuations in currency exchange rates, commodity prices, and interest rates. We use derivatives to help manage financial exposures that occur in the normal course of business. We formally document the purpose of each derivative contract, which includes linking the contract to the financial exposure it is designed to mitigate. We do not hold or issue derivatives for trading purposes.

We use currency derivative contracts to limit our exposure to the currency exchange risk that we cannot mitigate internally by using netting strategies. We designate most of these contracts as cash flow hedges of forecasted transactions (expected to occur within three years). We record all changes in the fair value of cash flow hedges (except any ineffective portion) in accumulated other comprehensive income (AOCI) until the underlying hedged transaction occurs, at which time we reclassify that amount into earnings. We designate some

57


BROWN-FORMAN CORPORATION

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS — (Continued)

(Dollars in Millions, except Per Share Data)

10. DERIVATIVE FINANCIAL INSTRUMENTS (Continued)

of our currency derivatives as hedges of net investments in foreign subsidiaries. We record all changes in the fair value of net investment hedges (except any ineffective portion) in the cumulative translation adjustment component of AOCI.

We assess the effectiveness of ourthese hedges based on changes in forward exchange rates. The ineffective portion of the changes in fair value of our hedges (recognized immediately in earnings) during the periods presented in this report was not material.

We do not designate some of our currency derivatives as hedges because we use them to at least partially offset the immediate earnings impact of changes in foreign exchange rates on existing assets or liabilities. We immediately recognize the change in fair value of these contracts in earnings.

We had outstanding currency derivatives, related primarily to our euro, British pound, and Australian dollar exposures, with notional amounts totaling $392$510 and $510$686 at April 30, 20112012 and 2013, respectively.
Prior to July 31, 2012, respectively.

We also had outstandingwe utilized exchange-traded futures and options contracts on approximately three million bushels and two million bushels of corn as of April 30, 2011 and 2012, respectively. We use these contracts to mitigate our exposure to corn price volatility. Because we dodid not designate these contracts as hedges for accounting purposes, we immediately recognizerecognized changes in their fair value in earnings.

We had outstanding exchange-traded futures and options contracts on approximately two million bushels of corn as of April 30, 2012. Effective July 31, 2012, we instead use forward purchase contracts with suppliers to protect against corn price volatility. We expect to physically take delivery of the corn underlying each contract and use it for production over a reasonable period of time. Accordingly, we account for these contracts as normal purchases rather than derivative instruments.

From time to time, we manage our interest rate risk with swap contracts. We had fixed-to-floating interest rate swaps with total notional values of $375 and $125$125 outstanding as of April 30, 2011 and 2012, respectively, with maturities matching those of our bonds. These swaps arewere designated as fair value hedges. The change in fair value of the swaps not related to accrued interest iswas offset by a corresponding adjustment to the carrying values of the bonds.

58

No such swaps were outstanding at April 30, 2013.


48

Table of Contents

BROWN-FORMAN CORPORATION

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS — (Continued)

(Dollars in Millions, except Per Share Data)

10. DERIVATIVE FINANCIAL INSTRUMENTS (Continued)

The following table presents the fair values of our derivative instruments as of April 30, 20112012 and 2012.2013. The fair values are presented below on a gross basis, while the fair values of those instruments that are subject to master settlement arrangements are presented on a net basis in the accompanying consolidated balance sheets, in conformity with GAAP.

   Classification  Fair Value of
Derivatives in a
Gain Position
   Fair Value of
Derivatives in a
Loss Position
 

April 30, 2011:

      

Designated as cash flow hedges:

      

Currency derivatives

  Accrued expenses  $    $(22

Currency derivatives

  Other liabilities        (6

Designated as fair value hedges:

      

Interest rate swaps

  Other current assets   2       

Interest rate swaps

  Other assets   1       

Not designated as hedges:

      

Commodity derivatives

  Other current assets   5       

Currency derivatives

  Accrued expenses   3       

April 30, 2012:

      

Designated as cash flow hedges:

      

Currency derivatives

  Other assets   1       

Currency derivatives

  Accrued expenses   2     (7

Currency derivatives

  Other liabilities        (2

Designated as fair value hedges:

      

Interest rate swaps

  Other assets   2       

Not designated as hedges:

      

Commodity derivatives

  Accrued expenses        (1

59


 Classification 
Fair Value of
Derivatives in a
Gain Position
 
Fair Value of
Derivatives in a
Loss Position
April 30, 2012:     
Designated as cash flow hedges:     
Currency derivativesOther assets $1
 $
Currency derivativesAccrued expenses 2
 (7)
Currency derivativesOther liabilities 
 (2)
Designated as fair value hedges:     
Interest rate swapsOther assets 2
 
Not designated as hedges:     
Commodity derivativesAccrued expenses 
 (1)
April 30, 2013:     
Designated as cash flow hedges:     
Currency derivativesOther current assets 6
 (2)
Currency derivativesOther assets 2
 
Currency derivativesAccrued expenses 2
 (5)
Currency derivativesOther liabilities 
 (1)
Not designated as hedges:     
Currency derivativesAccrued expenses 
 (1)
BROWN-FORMAN CORPORATION

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS — (Continued)

(Dollars in Millions, except Per Share Data)

10. DERIVATIVE FINANCIAL INSTRUMENTS (Continued)

ThisThe following table presents the amounts affecting our consolidated statements of operations in 20112012 and 2012:

   Classification  2011  2012 

Currency derivatives designated as cash flow hedges:

     

Net gain (loss) recognized in AOCI

  n/a  $(27 $9  

Net gain (loss) reclassified from AOCI into income

  Net sales       (8

Interest rate swaps designated as fair value hedges:

     

Net gain (loss) recognized in income

  Interest expense   3    3  

Net gain (loss) recognized in income*

  Other income   2    (1

*  The effect on the hedged item was an equal but offsetting amount for the periods presented.

Currency derivatives designated as net investment hedges:

Net gain (loss) recognized in AOCI

  n/a   (1    

Derivatives not designated as hedging instruments:

     

Currency derivatives — net gain (loss) recognized in income

  Net sales   (10  9  

Currency derivatives — net gain (loss) recognized in income

  Other income   (2  (2

Commodity derivatives — net gain (loss) recognized in income

  Cost of sales   10    (3

2013:

 Classification 2012 2013
Currency derivatives designated as cash flow hedges:     
Net gain (loss) recognized in AOCIn/a $9
 $7
Net gain (loss) reclassified from AOCI into incomeNet sales (8) 1
Interest rate swaps designated as fair value hedges:     
Net gain (loss) recognized in incomeInterest expense 3
 2
Net gain (loss) recognized in incomeOther income (1) 
Derivatives not designated as hedging instruments:     
Currency derivatives — net gain (loss) recognized in incomeNet sales 9
 
Currency derivatives — net gain (loss) recognized in incomeOther income (2) (2)
Commodity derivatives — net gain (loss) recognized in incomeCost of sales (3) 4
We expect to reclassify $4$1 of deferred net losses recorded in AOCI as of April 30, 2012,2013, to earnings during fiscal 2013.2014. This reclassification would offset the anticipated earnings impact of the underlying hedged exposures. The actual amounts that we ultimately reclassify to earnings will depend on the exchange rates in effect when the underlying hedged transactions occur. The maximum term of outstanding derivative contracts was 24 months at both April 30, 20112012 and 2012.

2013.

Credit risk.  We are exposed to credit-related losses if the other parties to our derivative contracts breach them. This credit risk is limited to the fair value of the contracts. To manage this risk, we enter into contracts only with major financial institutions that have earned investment-grade credit ratings, we have established counterparty credit guidelines that are regularly monitored and that provide for reports to senior management according to prescribed guidelines, and we monetize contracts when we believe it is warranted. Because of these safeguards, we believe the risk of loss from counterparty default to be immaterial.

Some of our derivative instruments require us to maintain a specific level of creditworthiness, which we have maintained. If our creditworthiness were to fall below that level, then the counterparties to our derivative instruments could request immediate payment or collateralization for derivative instruments in net liability positions. The aggregate fair value of all derivatives with creditworthiness requirements that were in a net liability position was $22$4 and $4$2 at April 30, 20112012 and 2012,2013, respectively.


49


11. PENSION AND OTHER POSTRETIREMENT BENEFITS

We sponsor various defined benefit pension plans as well as postretirement plans providing retiree health care and retiree life insurance benefits. Below, we discuss our obligations related to these plans, the assets dedicated to meeting the obligations, and the amounts we recognized in our financial statements as a result of sponsoring these plans.

60


BROWN-FORMAN CORPORATIONObligations.

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS — (Continued)

(Dollars in Millions, except Per Share Data)

11. PENSION AND OTHER POSTRETIREMENT BENEFITS (Continued)

Obligations.  We provide eligible employees with pension and other postretirement benefits based on factors such as years of service and compensation level during employment. The pension obligation shown below (“projected benefit obligation”) consists of: (a) benefits earned by employees to date based on current salary levels (“accumulated benefit obligation”); and (b) benefits to be received by employees as a result of expected future salary increases. (The obligation for medical and life insurance benefits is not affected by future salary increases.) ThisThe following table shows how the present value of our obligation changed during each of the last two years.

   Pension
Benefits
  Medical and Life
Insurance Benefits
 
   2011  2012  2011  2012 

Obligation at beginning of year

  $577   $613   $58   $56  

Service cost

   16    16    1    2  

Interest cost

   33    34    3    3  

Net actuarial loss (gain)

   10    89    (10  4  

Plan amendments

       1    6      

Retiree contributions

           2    2  

Benefits paid

   (24  (26  (4  (5

Special termination benefits

   1              
  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

 

Obligation at end of year

  $613   $727   $56   $62  
  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

 

 
Pension
Benefits
 
Medical and Life
Insurance Benefits
 2012 2013 2012 2013
Obligation at beginning of year$613
 $727
 $56
 $62
Service cost16
 20
 2
 2
Interest cost34
 35
 3
 3
Net actuarial loss (gain)89
 45
 4
 10
Plan amendments1
 4
 
 
Retiree contributions
 
 2
 2
Benefits paid(26) (48) (5) (5)
Obligation at end of year$727
 $783
 $62
 $74
Service cost represents the present value of the benefits attributed to service rendered by employees during the year. Interest cost is the increase in the present value of the obligation due to the passage of time. Net actuarial loss (gain) is the change in value of the obligation resulting from experience different from that assumed or from a change in an actuarial assumption. (We discuss actuarial assumptions used at the end of this note.) Plan amendments may also change the value of the obligation.

As shown in the previous table, the change in the value of our pension and other postretirement benefit obligations also includes the effect of benefit payments and retiree contributions. Expected benefit payments (net of retiree contributions) over the next 10 years are as follows:

   Pension
Benefits
   Medical and Life
Insurance Benefits
 

2013

  $27    $3  

2014

   28     3  

2015

   29     3  

2016

   31     3  

2017

   32     3  

2018 — 2022

   194     18  

 
Pension
Benefits
 
Medical and Life
Insurance Benefits
2014$44
 $3
201544
 3
201645
 3
201747
 3
201849
 4
2019 — 2023265
 20

50

Table of Contents

Assets.  We specifically invest in certain assets to fund our pension benefit obligations. Our investment goal is to earn a total return that, over time, will grow assets sufficiently to fund our plans’ liabilities, after providing appropriate levels of contributions and accepting prudent levels of investment risk. To achieve this goal, plan assets are invested primarily in funds or portfolios of funds actively managed by outside managers. Investment risk is managed by company policies that require diversification of asset classes, manager styles, and individual holdings. We measure and monitor investment risk through quarterly and annual performance reviews, and through periodic asset/liability studies.

61


BROWN-FORMAN CORPORATION

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS — (Continued)

(Dollars in Millions, except Per Share Data)

11. PENSION AND OTHER POSTRETIREMENT BENEFITS (Continued)

Asset allocation is the most important method for achieving our investment goals and is based on our assessment of the plans’ long-term return objectives and the appropriate balances needed for liquidity, stability, and diversification. ThisThe following table shows the fair value of pension plan assets by category, as well as the actual and target allocations, as of April 30, 20112012 and 2012.2013. (Fair value levels are defined in Note 8.)

                   Allocation by Asset Class 
   Level 1   Level 2   Level 3   Total   Actual  Target 

April 30, 2011:

           

Commingled trust funds(a):

           

Equity funds

  $    $232    $    $232     50  47

Fixed income funds

        166          166     35  35

Real estate funds

        18     9     27     6  8
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

  

 

 

 

Total commingled trust funds

        416     9     425     91  90

Hedge funds(b)

             24     24     5  5

Private equity(c)

             16     16     3  5

Cash and temporary investments(d)

   2               2     1    
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

  

 

 

 

Total

  $2    $416    $49    $467     100  100
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

  

 

 

 

April 30, 2012:

           

Commingled trust funds:

           

Equity funds

  $    $239    $    $239     47  47

Fixed income funds

        181          181     35  35

Real estate funds

        19     26     45     9  8
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

  

 

 

 

Total commingled trust funds

        439     26     465     91  90

Hedge funds

             24     24     5  5

Private equity

             17     17     3  5

Cash and temporary investments

   2               2     1    
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

  

 

 

 

Total

  $2    $439    $67    $508     100  100
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

  

 

 

 

         Allocation by Asset Class
 Level 1 Level 2 Level 3 Total Actual Target
April 30, 2012:           
Commingled trust funds(a):
           
Equity funds$
 $239
 $
 $239
 47% 47%
Fixed income funds
 183
 
 183
 36% 35%
Real estate funds
 19
 26
 45
 9% 8%
Total commingled trust funds
 441
 26
 467
 92% 90%
Hedge funds(b)

 
 24
 24
 5% 5%
Private equity(c)

 
 17
 17
 3% 5%
Total$
 $441
 $67
 $508
 100% 100%
April 30, 2013:           
Commingled trust funds:           
Equity funds$
 $279
 $
 $279
 49% 47%
Fixed income funds
 199
 
 199
 35% 35%
Real estate funds
 20
 28
 48
 8% 8%
Total commingled trust funds
 498
 28
 526
 92% 90%
Hedge funds
 
 26
 26
 4% 5%
Private equity
 
 21
 21
 4% 5%
Total$
 $498
 $75
 $573
 100% 100%
(a)


(a)Commingled trust fund valuations are based on the net asset value (NAV) of the funds as determined by the administrator of the fund and reviewed by us. NAV represents the underlying assets owned by the fund, minus liabilities and divided by the number of shares or units outstanding.

(b)

(b)Hedge fund valuations are based primarily on the NAV of the funds as determined by fund administrators and reviewed by us. During our review, we determine whether it is necessary to adjust a valuation for inherent liquidity and redemption issues that may exist within a fund’s underlying assets or fund unit values.

(c)

(c)
As of April 30, 20112012 and 2012,2013, consists only of limited partnership interests, which are valued at the percentage ownership of total partnership equity as determined by the general partner. These valuations require significant judgment due to the absence of quoted market prices, the inherent lack of liquidity, and the long-term nature of these investments.

(d)

Cash and temporary investments consist of money market funds and are valued at their respective NAVs as determined by those funds each business day.

62


51

Table of Contents

BROWN-FORMAN CORPORATION

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS — (Continued)

(Dollars in Millions, except Per Share Data)

11. PENSION AND OTHER POSTRETIREMENT BENEFITS (Continued)

ThisThe following table shows how the fair value of the Level 3 assets changed during each of the last two years.

   Real Estate
Funds
  Hedge
Funds
  Private
Equity
  Total 

Balance as of May 1, 2010

  $10   $19   $13   $42  

Return on assets held at end of year

   2    1    1    4  

Return on assets sold during year

       (1      (1

Purchases and settlements

       6    4    10  

Sales and settlements

   (3  (1  (2  (6
  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

 

Balance as of April 30, 2011

   9    24    16    49  

Return on assets held at end of year

   3    (1      2  

Return on assets sold during year

       1        1  

Purchases and settlements

   14        3    17  

Sales and settlements

           (2  (2
  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

 

Balance as of April 30, 2012

  $26   $24   $17   $67  
  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

 

This

 
Real Estate
Funds
 
Hedge
Funds
 
Private
Equity
 Total
Balance as of May 1, 2011$9
 $24
 $16
 $49
Return on assets held at end of year3
 (1) 
 2
Return on assets sold during year
 1
 
 1
Purchases and settlements14
 
 3
 17
Sales and settlements
 
 (2) (2)
Balance as of April 30, 201226
 24
 17
 67
Return on assets held at end of year2
 2
 2
 6
Purchases and settlements
 
 4
 4
Sales and settlements
 
 (2) (2)
Balance as of April 30, 2013$28
 $26
 $21
 $75
The following table shows how the total fair value of all pension plan assets changed during each of the last two years. (We do not have assets set aside for postretirement medical or life insurance benefits.)

   Pension
Benefits
  Medical and Life
Insurance Benefits
 
   2011  2012  2011  2012 

Fair value at beginning of year

  $351   $467   $   $  

Actual return on plan assets

   64    27          

Retiree contributions

           2    2  

Company contributions

   76    40    2    3  

Benefits paid

   (24  (26  (4  (5
  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

 

Fair value at end of year

  $467   $508   $   $  
  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

 

Consistent with our funding policy, we

 
Pension
Benefits
 
Medical and Life
Insurance Benefits
 2012 2013 2012 2013
Fair value at beginning of year$467
 $508
 $
 $
Actual return on plan assets27
 68
 
 
Retiree contributions
 
 2
 2
Company contributions40
 45
 3
 3
Benefits paid(26) (48) (5) (5)
Fair value at end of year$508
 $573
 $
 $
We currently expect to contribute $3$34 to our pension plans and $3 to our postretirement medical and life insurance benefit plans in 2013. We currently expect to contribute $44 to our pension plans in 2013.

during 2014.

Funded status.  The funded status of a plan refers to the difference between its assets and its obligations. ThisThe following table shows the funded status of our plans.

   Pension
Benefits
  Medical and Life
Insurance Benefits
 
   2011  2012  2011  2012 

Assets

  $467   $508   $   $  

Obligations

   (613  (727  (56  (62
  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

 

Funded status

  $(146 $(219 $(56 $(62
  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

 

63

 
Pension
Benefits
 
Medical and Life
Insurance Benefits
 2012 2013 2012 2013
Assets$508
 $573
 $
 $
Obligations(727) (783) (62) (74)
Funded status$(219) $(210) $(62) $(74)

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Table of Contents

BROWN-FORMAN CORPORATION

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS — (Continued)

(Dollars in Millions, except Per Share Data)

11. PENSION AND OTHER POSTRETIREMENT BENEFITS (Continued)

The funded status is recorded on the accompanying consolidated balance sheets as follows:

   Pension
Benefits
  Medical and Life
Insurance Benefits
 
   2011  2012  2011  2012 

Other assets

  $7   $3   $   $  

Accounts payable and accrued expenses

   (3  (3  (3  (3

Accrued postretirement benefits

   (150  (219  (53  (59
  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

 

Net liability

  $(146 $(219 $(56 $(62
  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

 

Accumulated other comprehensive loss:

     

Net actuarial loss (gain)

  $263   $346   $(3 $1  

Prior service cost

   3    4    6    6  
  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

 
  $266   $350   $3   $7  
  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

 

This

 
Pension
Benefits
 
Medical and Life
Insurance Benefits
 2012 2013 2012 2013
Other assets$3
 $2
 $
 $
Accounts payable and accrued expenses(3) (3) (3) (3)
Accrued postretirement benefits(219) (209) (59) (71)
Net liability$(219) $(210) $(62) $(74)
Accumulated other comprehensive loss:       
Net actuarial loss (gain)$346
 $336
 $1
 $11
Prior service cost4
 7
 6
 5
 $350
 $343
 $7
 $16
The following table compares our pension plans that have assets in excess of their accumulated benefit obligations with those whose assets are less than their obligations. (As discussed above, we have no assets set aside for postretirement medical or life insurance benefits.)

   Plan Assets   Accumulated
Benefit
Obligation
   Projected
Benefit
Obligation
 
   2011   2012   2011   2012   2011   2012 

Plans with assets in excess of accumulated benefit obligation

  $50    $49    $41    $45    $42    $46  

Plans with accumulated benefit obligation in excess of assets

   417     459     505     598     571     681  
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Total

  $467    $508    $546    $643    $613    $727  
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

 Plan Assets 
Accumulated
Benefit
Obligation
 
Projected
Benefit
Obligation
 2012 2013 2012 2013 2012 2013
Plans with assets in excess of accumulated benefit obligation$49
 $52
 $45
 $48
 $46
 $50
Plans with accumulated benefit obligation in excess of assets459
 521
 598
 647
 681
 733
Total$508
 $573
 $643
 $695
 $727
 $783
Pension expense.    This  The following table shows the components of the pension expense recognized during each of the last three years. The amount for each year includes amortization of the prior service cost and net actuarial loss included in accumulated other comprehensive loss as of the beginning of the year.

   Pension Benefits 
   2010  2011  2012 

Service cost

  $10   $16   $16  

Interest cost

   32    33    34  

Special termination benefits

       1      

Expected return on plan assets

   (34  (36  (40

Amortization of:

    

Prior service cost

   1    1    1  

Net actuarial loss

   4    18    19  
  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

 

Net expense

  $13   $33   $30  
  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

 

 Pension Benefits
 2011 2012 2013
Service cost$16
 $16
 $20
Interest cost33
 34
 35
Special termination benefits1
 
 
Expected return on plan assets(36) (40) (41)
Amortization of:     
Prior service cost1
 1
 1
Net actuarial loss18
 19
 28
Net expense$33
 $30
 $43
The prior service cost represents the cost of retroactive benefits granted in plan amendments and is amortized on a straight-line basis over the average remaining service period of the employees expected to receive

64


BROWN-FORMAN CORPORATION

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS — (Continued)

(Dollars in Millions, except Per Share Data)

11. PENSION AND OTHER POSTRETIREMENT BENEFITS (Continued)

the benefits. The net actuarial loss results from experience different from that assumed or from a change in actuarial assumptions (including the difference between actual and expected return on plan assets), and is amortized over at least that same period. The estimated amount of prior service cost and net actuarial loss that will be amortized from accumulated other comprehensive loss into pension expense in 20132014 is $1$1 and $28,$31, respectively.


53

Table of Contents

Other postretirement benefit expense.    This  The following table shows the components of the postretirement medical and life insurance benefit expense that we recognized during each of the last three years.

   Medical and Life Insurance Benefits 
   2010   2011   2012 

Service cost

  $1    $1    $2  

Interest cost

   3     3     3  
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Net expense

  $4    $4    $5  
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

 Medical and Life Insurance Benefits
 2011 2012 2013
Service cost$1
 $2
 $2
Interest cost3
 3
 3
Amortization of prior service cost
 
 1
Net expense$4
 $5
 $6
Other comprehensive income (loss).(income) loss.  Changes in the funded status of our benefit plans that are not recognized in net income (as pension and other postretirement benefit expense) are instead recognized in other comprehensive income (loss).(income) loss. Other comprehensive income (loss)(income) loss is also adjusted to reflect the amortization of the prior service cost and net actuarial gain or loss, which is a component of net pension and other postretirement benefit expense, from accumulated other comprehensive income (loss)(income) loss to net income. ThisThe following table shows the amounts recognized in other comprehensive income (loss)(income) loss during each of the last three years:

   Pension Benefits  Medical and Life
Insurance Benefits
 
   2010  2011  2012  2010   2011  2012 

Prior service cost

  $   $   $1   $    $5   $  

Actuarial loss (gain)

   100    (18  102    12     (10  4  

Amortization reclassified to net income:

        

Prior service cost

   (1  (1  (1             

Net actuarial loss

   (4  (18  (19             
  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

   

 

 

  

 

 

 

Net amount recognized in other comprehensive income (loss)

  $95   $(37 $83   $12    $(5 $4  
  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

   

 

 

  

 

 

 

 Pension Benefits 
Medical and Life
Insurance Benefits
 2011 2012 2013 2011 2012 2013
Prior service cost$
 $1
 $4
 $5
 $
 $
Actuarial (gain) loss(18) 102
 18
 (10) 4
 10
Amortization reclassified to net income:           
Prior service cost(1) (1) (1) 
 
 (1)
Net actuarial loss(18) (19) (28) 
 
 
Net amount recognized in other comprehensive (income) loss$(37) $83
 $(7) $(5) $4
 $9
Assumptions and sensitivity.  We use various assumptions to determine the obligations and expense related to our pension and other postretirement benefit plans. The assumptions used in computing benefit plan obligations as of the end of the last two years were as follows:

   Pension
Benefits
  Medical and Life
Insurance Benefits
 
   2011  2012  2011  2012 

Discount rate

   5.67  4.92  5.59  4.84

Rate of salary increase

   4.00  4.00  n/a    n/a  

65


 
Pension
Benefits
 
Medical and Life
Insurance Benefits
 2012 2013 2012 2013
Discount rate4.92% 4.08% 4.84% 4.36%
Rate of salary increase4.00% 4.00% n/a
 n/a
BROWN-FORMAN CORPORATION

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS — (Continued)

(Dollars in Millions, except Per Share Data)

11. PENSION AND OTHER POSTRETIREMENT BENEFITS (Continued)

Here are the assumptions we used in computing benefit plan expense during each of the last three years:

   Pension Benefits  Medical and Life
Insurance Benefits
 
   2010  2011  2012  2010  2011  2012 

Discount rate

   7.94  5.91  5.67  7.80  5.78  5.59

Rate of salary increase

   4.00  4.00  4.00  n/a    n/a    n/a  

Expected return on plan assets

   8.50  8.50  8.25  n/a    n/a��   n/a  

 Pension Benefits 
Medical and Life
Insurance Benefits
 2011 2012 2013 2011 2012 2013
Discount rate5.91% 5.67% 4.92% 5.78% 5.59% 4.84%
Rate of salary increase4.00% 4.00% 4.00% n/a
 n/a
 n/a
Expected return on plan assets8.50% 8.25% 7.75% n/a
 n/a
 n/a
The discount rate represents the interest rate used to discount the cash-flow stream of benefit payments to a net present value as of the current date. A lower assumed discount rate increases the present value of the benefit obligation. We determined the discount rate using a yield curve based on the interest rates of high-quality debt securities with maturities corresponding to the expected timing of our benefit payments.

The assumed rate of salary increase reflects the expected average annual increase in salaries as a result of inflation, merit increases, and promotions over the service period of the plan participants. A lower assumed rate decreases the present value of the benefit obligation.


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Table of Contents

The expected return on plan assets represents the long-term rate of return that we assume will be earned over the life of the pension assets. The assumption reflects expected capital market returns for each asset class, which are based on historical returns, adjusted for the expected effects of diversification and active management (net of fees).

The assumed health care cost trend rates as of the end of the last two years were as follows:

   Medical and Life
Insurance Benefits
 
   2011  2012 

Health care cost trend rate assumed for next year:

   

Present rate before age 65

   7.5  8.0

Present rate age 65 and after

   7.5  8.0

 
Medical and Life
Insurance Benefits
 2012 2013
Health care cost trend rate assumed for next year:   
Present rate before age 658.0% 8.0%
Present rate age 65 and after8.0% 7.0%
We project health care cost trend rates to decline gradually to 5.0% by 20182021 and to remain level after that. Assumed health care cost trend rates have a significant effect on the amounts reported for postretirement medical plans. A 1% increase in assumed health care cost trend rates would have increased the accumulated postretirement benefit obligation as of April 30, 2012,2013, by $8$11 and the aggregate service and interest costs for 20122013 by $1.$1. A 1% decrease in assumed health care cost trend rates would have decreased the accumulated postretirement benefit obligation as of April 30, 2012,2013, by $7$9 and the aggregate service and interest costs for 20122013 by $1.

$1.

Savings plans.  We also sponsor various defined contribution benefit plans that in total cover substantially all U.S. employees. Employees can make voluntary contributions in accordance with their respective plans, which include a 401(k) tax deferral option. We match a percentage of each employee’s contributions in accordance with the plans’ terms. We expensed $8, $9,$9, $8, and $8$9 for matching contributions during 2010, 2011, 2012, and 2012,2013, respectively.

66


BROWN-FORMAN CORPORATION

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS — (Continued)

(Dollars in Millions, except Per Share Data)

11. PENSION AND OTHER POSTRETIREMENT BENEFITS (Continued)

International plans.  The information presented above for defined benefit plans and defined contribution benefit plans reflects amounts for U.S. plans only. Information about similar international plans is not presented due to immateriality.

12. STOCK-BASED COMPENSATION

The Brown-Forman 2004 Omnibus Compensation Plan is our incentive compensation plan, which is designed to reward its participants (including our eligible officers, employees, and non-employee directors) for company performance. Under the Plan, we can grant stock-based incentive awards for up to 7,433,00011,150,000 shares of common stock to eligible participants until July 22, 2014. As of April 30, 2012,2013, awards for 3,865,0006,016,000 shares remain available for issuance under the Plan. We try to limit the source of shares delivered to participants under the Plan to treasury shares that we purchase from time to time on the open market, in private transactions, or otherwise.

The following table presents information about stock options and stock-settled stock appreciation rights (SSARs) granted under the Plan as of April 30, 2012,2013, and for the year then ended:

   Number of
Underlying
Shares

(in thousands)
  Weighted
Average
Exercise Price
per Award
   Weighted
Average
Remaining
Contractual
Term (years)
   Aggregate
Intrinsic  Value
 

Outstanding at May 1, 2011

   3,706   $45.69      

Granted

   388    73.95      

Exercised

   (659  34.81      

Forfeited or expired

   (18  56.60      
  

 

 

      

Outstanding at April 30, 2012

   3,417   $50.94     5.0    $121  
  

 

 

      

Exercisable at April 30, 2012

   2,217   $46.57     3.5    $88  

 
Number of
Underlying
Shares
(in thousands)
 
Weighted
Average
Exercise Price
per Award
 
Weighted
Average
Remaining
Contractual
Term (years)
 
Aggregate
Intrinsic Value
Outstanding at May 1, 20125,446
 $31.97
    
Granted544
 58.70
    
Exercised(1,367) 24.56
    
Forfeited or expired(36) 48.84
    
Outstanding at April 30, 20134,587
 $37.22
 5.1 $152
Exercisable at April 30, 20132,831
 $30.98
 3.6 $111
The total intrinsic value of options and SSARs exercised during 2010, 2011, 2012, and 20122013 was $18, $25,$25, $29 and $29,$52, respectively.


55

Table of Contents

We grant stock options and SSARs at an exercise price of not less thanequal to the fair valuemarket price of the underlying stock on the grant date. Stock options and SSARs granted under the Plan become exercisable after three3 years from the first day of the fiscal year of grant and expire seven7 years after that date. The grant-date fair values of these awards granted during 2010, 2011, 2012, and 20122013 were $9.42, $12.66,$7.94, $9.40, and $14.98$10.70 per award, respectively. We estimated the fair values using the Black-Scholes pricing model with the following assumptions:

   2010  2011  2012 

Risk-free interest rate

   3.0  2.1  1.9

Expected volatility

   22.6  23.7  23.6

Expected dividend yield

   1.9  1.9  1.9

Expected life (years)

   6    6    6  

 2011 2012 2013
Risk-free interest rate2.1% 1.9% 0.9%
Expected volatility23.7% 23.6% 22.9%
Expected dividend yield1.9% 1.9% 1.9%
Expected term (years)6
 6
 6.5
We have also grantgranted restricted stock units (RSUs), deferred stock units (DSUs), and shares of performance-based restricted stock (PBRS) under the Plan. Approximately 194,000314,000 shares underlying these awards, with a weighted-average remaining

67


BROWN-FORMAN CORPORATION

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS — (Continued)

(Dollars in Millions, except Per Share Data)

12. STOCK-BASED COMPENSATION (Continued)

vesting period of 1.81.6 years, were outstandingnonvested at April 30, 2012.2013. The following table summarizes the changes in outstanding RSUs, DSUs, and restricted stockthe number of shares underlying these awards during 2012:

   Number of
Underlying Shares
(in thousands)
  Weighted
Average
Fair Value at
Grant Date
 

Outstanding at May 1, 2011

   156   $53.58  

Granted

   63    72.40  

Vested

   (24  57.50  

Forfeited

   (1  60.48  
  

 

 

  

Outstanding at April 30, 2012

   194   $59.19  
  

 

 

  

2013:

 
Number of
Underlying Shares
(in thousands)
 
Weighted
Average
Fair Value at
Grant Date
Nonvested at May 1, 2012295
 $38.25
Granted85
 63.15
Adjusted for dividends or performance12
 42.86
Vested(76) 32.51
Forfeited(2) 56.70
Nonvested at April 30, 2013314
 $46.41
The total fair value of RSUs, DSUs, and restricted stock, and DSUs vested during 2010, 2011, 2012, and 20122013 was $2, $9,$9, $2, and $2,$5, respectively.

As previously announced, we paid a special cash dividend of $4.00 per common share in December 2012. According to the original terms of the Plan, awards outstanding on the ex-dividend date of the special dividend were adjusted to preserve the value of those awards. These adjustments are reflected retrospectively in the amounts presented above.
The accompanying consolidated statements of operations reflect compensation expense related to stock-based incentive awards on a pre-tax basis of $8$9 in 2010, $92011, $9 in 2011,2012, and $9$11 in 2012,2013, partially offset by deferred income tax benefits of $3$4 in 2010, $42011, $4 in 2011,2012, and $4$4 in 2012.2013. As of April 30, 2012,2013, there was $10$9 of total unrecognized compensation cost related to non-vested stock-based compensation. That cost is expected to be recognized over a weighted-average period of 2.01.8 years.

13. OTHER INCOME AND EXPENSE

In fiscal 2010, we recorded an impairment charge of $12 related to the Don Eduardo trademark (Note 3). This amount is reflected as other expense in the accompanying consolidated statements of operations.

SALE OF HOPLAND-BASED WINE BUSINESS

In fiscal 2011, we sold our Hopland-based wine business for $234$234 in cash. As a result, we recognized a gain on sale (net of transaction costs and income taxes) of $38,$38, which is reflected in the accompanying consolidated statement of operations as follows:

Net sales$(3)
Selling, general, and administrative expenses(6)
Other income62
Income taxes(15)
Net gain$38

The sale included the Fetzer winery, bottling facility, and vineyards, as well as the Fetzer brand and other Hopland, California-based wines, including Bonterra, Little Black Dress, Jekel, Five Rivers, Bel Arbor, Coldwater Creek, and Sanctuary. Also included in the sale was a facility in Paso Robles, California.

68


BROWN-FORMAN CORPORATION

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS — (Continued)

(Dollars in Millions, except Per Share Data)


14. INCOME TAXES

We incur income taxes on the earnings of our U.S. and foreign operations. The following table, based on the locations of the taxable entities from which sales were derived (rather than the location of customers), presents the U.S. and foreign components of our income before income taxes:

   2010   2011   2012 

United States

  $576    $696    $660  

Foreign

   106     133     100  
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 
  $682    $829    $760  
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 


56

Table of Contents

 2011 2012 2013
United States$696
 $660
 $751
Foreign133
 100
 114
 $829
 $760
 $865
The income shown above was determined according to financial accounting standards. Because those standards sometimes differ from the tax rules used to calculate taxable income, there are differences between: (a) the amount of taxable income and pretax financial income for a year; and (b) the tax bases of assets or liabilities and their amounts as recorded in our financial statements. As a result, we recognize a current tax liability for the estimated income tax payable on the current tax return, and deferred tax liabilities (income tax payable on income that will be recognized on future tax returns) and deferred tax assets (income tax refunds from deductions that will be recognized on future tax returns) for the estimated effects of the differences mentioned above.

Deferred tax assets and liabilities as of the end of each of the last two years were as follows:

   2011  2012 

April 30,

   

Deferred tax assets:

   

Postretirement and other benefits

  $94   $127  

Accrued liabilities and other

   29    24  

Inventories

   20    12  

Loss and credit carryforwards

   50    35  

Valuation allowance

   (23  (24
  

 

 

  

 

 

 

Total deferred tax assets, net

   170    174  
  

 

 

  

 

 

 

Deferred tax liabilities:

   

Trademarks and brand names

   (195  (228

Property, plant, and equipment

   (46  (49

Other

   (27  (14
  

 

 

  

 

 

 

Total deferred tax liabilities

   (268  (291
  

 

 

  

 

 

 

Net deferred tax liability

  $(98 $(117
  

 

 

  

 

 

 

 2012 2013
April 30,   
Deferred tax assets:   
Postretirement and other benefits$127
 $136
Accrued liabilities and other24
 26
Inventories12
 8
Loss and credit carryforwards35
 39
Valuation allowance(24) (25)
Total deferred tax assets, net174
 184
Deferred tax liabilities:   
Intangible assets(228) (258)
Property, plant, and equipment(49) (50)
Other(14) (20)
Total deferred tax liabilities(291) (328)
Net deferred tax liability$(117) $(144)
The $24$25 valuation allowance at April 30, 20122013, relates primarily to a $13 net operating loss in Brazil, which can be carried forward indefinitely, and an $11$8 non-trading loss carryforward generated by Brown-Forman Beverages Europe during fiscal 2009 in the U.K. Although the non-trading losses can be carried forward indefinitely, we know of no significant transactions that will let us use them. We reduced the valuation allowance related to this item in fiscal 2012,2013, primarily by realizing non-recurring non-trading gains. The remaining valuation allowance relates primarily to net operating losses in Brazil ($9), which can be carried forward indefinitely, and other foreign net operating losses that expire between fiscal 2015 and 2021.2022. We are currently unaware of any significant transactions that will allow us to utilize these losses. During fiscal 2011, we

69


BROWN-FORMAN CORPORATION

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS — (Continued)

(Dollars in Millions, except Per Share Data)

14. INCOME TAXES (Continued)

used all of our U.S. capital loss carryforward to offset gains on the sale of our Hopland-based wine business. As a result, we reversed the $20 valuation allowance that was recorded at April 30, 2010 related to this item.

As of April 30, 2012,2013, the gross amounts of loss and credit carryforwards include a U.K. non-trading loss of $42$36 (no expiration); other foreign net operating losses of $62 ($20$75 ($18 of which expire in varying amounts between 2015 and 20212022 and $42$57 of which do not expire); state net operating losses of $46 (expiring in varying amounts between 2026 and 2033); and foreign credit carryforwards of $6$6 (expiring between fiscal 20132014 and 2017).

Deferred tax liabilities were not provided on undistributed earnings of foreign subsidiaries ($390($542 and $542$641 at April 30, 20112012 and 2012,2013, respectively) because we expect these undistributed earnings to be reinvested indefinitely overseas. If these amounts were not considered permanently reinvested, additional deferred tax liabilities of approximately $76$121 and $121$141 would have been provided as of April 30, 20112012 and 2012,2013, respectively.

Total income tax expense for a year includes the tax associated with the current tax return (“current tax expense”) and the change in the net deferred tax asset or liability (“deferred tax expense”). Our total income tax expense for each of the last three years was as follows:

   2010  2011  2012 

Current:

    

U.S. federal

  $175   $171   $160  

Foreign

   28    41    24  

State and local

   19    18    10  
  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

 
   222    230    194  
  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

 

Deferred:

    

U.S. federal

  $16   $46   $48  

Foreign

   (5  (1    

State and local

       (18  5  
  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

 
   11    27    53  
  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

 
  $233   $257   $247  
  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

 


57

Table of Contents

 2011 2012 2013
Current:     
U.S. federal$171
 $160
 $197
Foreign41
 24
 41
State and local18
 10
 10
 230
 194
 248
Deferred:     
U.S. federal$46
 $48
 $23
Foreign(1) 
 1
State and local(18) 5
 2
 27
 53
 26
 $257
 $247
 $274
Our consolidated effective tax rate usually differs from current statutory rates due to the recognition of amounts for events or transactions that have no tax consequences. The following table reconciles our effective tax rate to the federal statutory tax rate in the United States:

     Percent of Income Before Taxes   
   2010  2011  2012 

U.S. federal statutory rate

   35.0  35.0  35.0

State taxes, net of U.S. federal tax benefit

   1.8    1.1    1.3  

Income taxed at other than U.S. federal statutory rate

   (1.6  (1.6  (1.2

Tax benefit from U.S. manufacturing

   (1.7  (2.2  (2.2

Capital loss benefit

       (2.7    

Nondeductible goodwill on sale of wine business

       2.1      

Other, net

   0.6    (0.7  (0.4
  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

 

Effective rate

   34.1  31.0  32.5
  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

 

70


 Percent of Income Before Taxes  
 2011 2012 2013
U.S. federal statutory rate35.0 % 35.0 % 35.0 %
State taxes, net of U.S. federal tax benefit1.1 % 1.3 % 1.0 %
Income taxed at other than U.S. federal statutory rate(1.6)% (1.2)% (1.4)%
Tax benefit from U.S. manufacturing(2.2)% (2.2)% (2.1)%
Capital loss benefit(2.7)%  %  %
Nondeductible goodwill on sale of wine business2.1 %  %  %
Other, net(0.7)% (0.4)% (0.8)%
Effective rate31.0 % 32.5 % 31.7 %
BROWN-FORMAN CORPORATION

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS — (Continued)

(Dollars in Millions, except Per Share Data)

14. INCOME TAXES (Continued)

During fiscal 2011, we recorded an adjustment to reverse $8$8 of income tax expense that was incorrectly recognized in prior periods. We believe the impact of this error and the cumulative out of period adjustment to correct the error is insignificant to our consolidated financial statements for that period and any prior periods.

At April 30, 2012,2013, we had $13$11 of gross unrecognized tax benefits, $8$7 of which would reduce our effective income tax rate if recognized. A reconciliation of the beginning and ending unrecognized tax benefits follows:

   2010  2011  2012 

Unrecognized tax benefits at beginning of year

  $26   $35   $40  

Additions for tax positions provided in prior periods

       1      

Additions for tax positions provided in current period

   13    14    7  

Decreases for tax positions provided in prior years

       (4  (5

Settlements of tax positions in the current period

   (3  (5  (27

Lapse of statutes of limitations

   (1  (1  (2
  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

 

Unrecognized tax benefits at end of year

  $35   $40   $13  
  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

 

 2011 2012 2013
Unrecognized tax benefits at beginning of year$35
 $40
 $13
Additions for tax positions provided in prior periods1
 
 2
Additions for tax positions provided in current period14
 7
 1
Decreases for tax positions provided in prior years(4) (5) (1)
Settlements of tax positions in the current period(5) (27) (3)
Lapse of statutes of limitations(1) (2) (1)
Unrecognized tax benefits at end of year$40
 $13
 $11
We record interest and penalties related to unrecognized tax benefits as a component of our income tax provision. Total gross interest and penalties of $8, $11$11, $3 and $3$2 were accrued as of April 30, 2010, 2011, 2012 and 2012,2013, respectively. The impact of interest and penalties on our effective tax rates for 2010, 2011, 2012 and 20122013 was not material.

We file income tax returns in the United States, including several state and local jurisdictions, as well as in several other countries in which we conduct business. The major jurisdictions and their earliest fiscal years that are currently open for tax examinations are 20042006 in the United States, 2009 in Ireland and Italy, 2008 in Australia Ireland and Italy, 2006Poland, 2007 in Finland, and Poland, 2003 in the U.K., and 20012002 in Mexico. The audit of our fiscal 2011 U.S. federal tax return commencedwas concluded during the current fiscal 2012.year. In addition, we are participating in the Internal Revenue Service’s Compliance Assurance Program for our fiscal 2012 and 2013 tax year.

years.


58

Table of Contents

We believe there will be no material change in ourit is reasonably possible that the gross unrecognized tax benefits may increase by approximately $1in the next twelve months.

12 months as a result of tax positions taken in the current period, net of decreases for tax positions in prior periods.

15. SUPPLEMENTAL INFORMATION

The following table presents net sales by product category:

   2010   2011   2012 

Net sales:

      

Spirits

  $2,916    $3,102    $3,374  

Wine

   310     302     240  
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 
  $3,226    $3,404    $3,614  
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

 2011 2012 2013
Net sales:     
Spirits$3,102
 $3,374
 $3,613
Wine302
 240
 171
 $3,404
 $3,614
 $3,784
The following table presents net sales by geographic region:

   2010   2011   2012 

Net sales:

      

United States

  $1,529    $1,525    $1,522  

Europe

   879     909     974  

Other

   818     970     1,118  
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 
  $3,226    $3,404    $3,614  
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

71


BROWN-FORMAN CORPORATIONgeography:

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS — (Continued)

(Dollars in Millions, except Per Share Data)

15. SUPPLEMENTAL INFORMATION (Continued)

 2011 2012 2013
Net sales:     
United States$1,525
 $1,522
 $1,562
Europe981
 1,073
 1,147
Australia429
 482
 510
Other469
 537
 565
 $3,404
 $3,614
 $3,784

Net sales are attributed to countries based on where customers are located.

The net book value of property, plant, and equipment located in Mexico was $65$55 and $55$54 as of April 30, 20112012 and 2012,2013, respectively. Other long-lived assets located outside the United States are not significant.

We have concluded that the company’s business constitutes a single operating segment.

16. CASH DIVIDENDS

We paid total cash dividends per share of $1.18, $2.24,$1.49, $0.89, and $1.34$4.98 during 2010,2011, 2012, and 2013, respectively. Those amounts included special cash dividends per share of $0.67 in 2011 and 2012, respectively.$4.00 in 2013. The $2.24 paid during fiscal 2011 included a special cash dividend of $1.00 per share. All otherremaining amounts consisted of regular quarterly cash dividends.

17. SUBSEQUENT EVENT

STOCK SPLIT

On June 14, 2012, our Board of Directors authorized a 3-for-2 stock split (the “Stock Split”) for outstanding shares of the Company’s Class A and Class B common stock, subject to stockholder approval of an amendment (the “Amendment”) to the Company’s Restated Certificate of Incorporation to increase the number of authorized shares of Class A and Class B common stock. Currently,The amendment, which was approved by stockholders on July 26, 2012, increased the Company does not have enough authorized shares of Class A common stock or Class B common stock to effect the Stock Split, so the Company is seeking stockholder approval to amend the Company’s Restated Certificate of Incorporation to increase the number of authorized shares of $0.15 par value Class A Common Stock to 85,000,000 from 57,000,000 and increase the authorized number of authorized shares of $0.15 par value Class B Common Stock to 400,000,000 from 100,000,000. Accordingly, the primary purpose of the Amendment is to provide a sufficient number of shares to implement the Stock Split.

100,000,000.

The Board determined that such Amendment is advisable and directed that the proposed Amendment be submitted to a vote of the Company’s Class A and Class B common stockholders at the Company’s July 26, 2012 Annual Meeting.

The Stock Split will bestock split, which was effected as a stock dividend, and will requireresulted in the Company to issueissuing one new share of Class A common stock for each two shares of Class A common stock outstanding and one new share of Class B common stock for each two shares of Class B common stock outstanding. The Stock Split will bestock split was paid on or about August 10, 2012, to stockholders of record as of August 3, 2012.

72

 The stock split was not applied to the Company’s treasury shares.

As a result of the stock split, we reclassified approximately $10 from the Company’s retained earnings account to its common stock accounts during 2013. The $10 represents the $0.15 par value per share of the new shares issued in the stock split. Also, we adjusted retained earnings and treasury stock by approximately $8 to reflect the book value (at cost) of treasury shares issued in connection with the stock split.
Previously reported share and per share amounts have been restated in the accompanying financial statements and related notes to reflect the stock split.

59


Part II

QUARTERLY FINANCIAL INFORMATION

(Expressed in millions, except per share amounts)

   Fiscal 2011  Fiscal 2012 
   First
Quarter
  Second
Quarter
  Third
Quarter
  Fourth
Quarter
  Year  First
Quarter
  Second
Quarter
  Third
Quarter
  Fourth
Quarter
  Year 

Net sales

  $745   $906   $962   $791   $3,404   $840   $1,014   $959   $801   $3,614  

Gross profit

   379    459    463    423    1,724    420    502    451    422    1,795  

Net income

   111    154    141    165    572    118    158    133    105    513  

Basic EPS

   0.76    1.06    0.97    1.14    3.92    0.81    1.10    0.94    0.74    3.59  

Diluted EPS

   0.76    1.05    0.96    1.13    3.90    0.81    1.09    0.93    0.73    3.56  

Cash dividends per share:

           

Declared

   0.60        1.64        2.24    0.64        0.70        1.34  

Paid

   0.30    0.30    1.32    0.32    2.24    0.32    0.32    0.35    0.35    1.34  

Market price per share:

           

Class A high

   65.13    65.55    71.88    73.34    73.34    74.15    75.70    81.53    85.45    85.45  

Class A low

   54.63    54.72    60.54    65.04    54.63    67.46    60.25    70.32    76.66    60.25  

Class B high

   65.05    65.03    73.00    73.73    73.73    77.25    77.56    83.53    87.26    87.26  

Class B low

   53.22    54.25    60.45    65.18    53.22    69.22    62.14    72.66    78.53    62.14  

Note:

Quarterly amounts may not add to amounts for the year due to rounding.

73

  Fiscal 2012 Fiscal 2013
  
First
Quarter
 
Second
Quarter
 
Third
Quarter
 
Fourth
Quarter
 Year 
First
Quarter
 
Second
Quarter
 
Third
Quarter
 
Fourth
Quarter
 Year
Net sales $840
 $1,014
 $959
 $801
 $3,614
 $878
 $1,014
 $1,027
 $866
 $3,784
Gross profit 420
 502
 451
 422
 1,795
 464
 524
 507
 460
 1,955
Net income 118
 158
 133
 105
 513
 147
 173
 158
 113
 591
Basic EPS 0.54
 0.73
 0.63
 0.49
 2.39
 0.69
 0.81
 0.74
 0.53
 2.77
Diluted EPS 0.54
 0.73
 0.62
 0.49
 2.37
 0.69
 0.80
 0.73
 0.52
 2.75
Cash dividends per share:                    
Declared 0.43
 
 0.47
 
 0.89
 0.47
 
 4.51
 
 4.98
Paid 0.21
 0.21
 0.23
 0.23
 0.89
 0.23
 0.23
 4.26
 0.26
 4.98
Market price per share:                    
Class A high 49.43
 50.47
 54.35
 56.97
 56.97
 63.82
 69.20
 68.50
 74.41
 74.41
Class A low 44.97
 40.17
 46.88
 51.11
 40.17
 54.27
 58.67
 59.79
 65.31
 54.27
Class B high 51.50
 51.71
 55.69
 58.17
 58.17
 65.33
 67.91
 71.00
 71.99
 71.99
Class B low 46.15
 41.43
 48.44
 52.35
 41.43
 55.43
 60.44
 60.90
 63.84
 55.43
Notes:
Quarterly amounts may not add to amounts for the year due to rounding.
Per share amounts have been adjusted for a 3-for-2 stock split in August 2012.
Cash dividends per share include a special dividend of $4.00 per share paid in December 2012.


60


REPORTS OF MANAGEMENT

MANAGEMENT’S RESPONSIBILITY FOR FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

Our management is responsible for the preparation, presentation, and integrity of the financial information presented in this Annual Report. The consolidated financial statements were prepared in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the U.S., including amounts based on management’s best estimates and judgments. In management’s opinion, the consolidated financial statements fairly present the Company’s financial position, results of operations, and cash flows.

The Audit Committee of the Board of Directors, which is composed of independent directors, meets regularly with the independent registered public accounting firm, PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP (PwC), internal auditors, and representatives of management to review accounting, internal control structure, and financial reporting matters. The internal auditors and PwC have full, free access to the Audit Committee. As set forth in our Code of Conduct and Compliance Guidelines, we are firmly committed to adhering to the highest standards of moral and ethical behaviors in our business activities.

MANAGEMENT’S REPORT ON INTERNAL CONTROL OVER FINANCIAL REPORTING

Management is also responsible for establishing and maintaining adequate internal control over financial reporting, as defined in Rule 13a-15(f) under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934. Our internal control over financial reporting is designed to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the U.S.

As of the end of our fiscal year, management conducted an assessment of the effectiveness of the Company’s internal control over financial reporting based on the framework and criteria inInternal Control — Integrated Framework issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission. Based on this assessment, management concluded that the Company’s internal control over financial reporting was effective as of April 30, 2012.

There has been no change in the Company’s internal control over financial reporting during the fiscal quarter ended April 30, 2012 that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, the Company’s internal control over financial reporting.2013. The effectiveness of the Company’s internal control over financial reporting as of April 30, 2012,2013, has been audited by PwC, as stated in their report that appears on page 75.

62.
Dated:June 27, 2013 

    

 

By:

/s/ Paul C. Varga

 

Chairman and

Paul C. Varga
Chief Executive Officer

and Chairman of the Company
 

By:/s/ Donald C. Berg

Donald C. Berg
 Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer

74




61

Table of Contents

Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm

To the Board of Directors and Stockholders

of Brown-Forman Corporation:

In our opinion, the accompanying consolidated balance sheets and the related consolidated statements of operations, cash flows, stockholders’ equity, and comprehensive income present fairly, in all material respects, the financial position of Brown-Forman Corporation and its subsidiaries (the “Company”) at April 30, 20122013 and April 30, 2011,2012, and the results of their operations and their cash flows for each of the three years in the period ended April 30, 20122013 in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America. In addition, in our opinion, the financial statement schedule listed in Item 15(a)(2) presents fairly, in all material respects, the information set forth therein when read in conjunction with the related consolidated financial statements. Also in our opinion, the Company maintained, in all material respects, effective internal control over financial reporting as of April 30, 2012,2013, based on criteria established in Internal Control — Integrated Framework issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission (COSO). The Company’s management is responsible for these financial statements and financial statement schedule, for maintaining effective internal control over financial reporting and for its assessment of the effectiveness of internal control over financial reporting, included in “Management’s Report on Internal Control over Financial Reporting” appearing under Part II, Item 9A of this report on Form 10-K. Our responsibility is to express opinions on these financial statements, on this financial statement schedule, and on the Company’s internal control over financial reporting based on our integrated audits. We conducted our audits in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States). Those standards require that we plan and perform the audits to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the financial statements are free of material misstatement and whether effective internal control over financial reporting was maintained in all material respects. Our audits of the financial statements included examining, on a test basis, evidence supporting the amounts and disclosures in the financial statements, assessing the accounting principles used and significant estimates made by management, and evaluating the overall financial statement presentation. Our audit of internal control over financial reporting included obtaining an understanding of internal control over financial reporting, assessing the risk that a material weakness exists, and testing and evaluating the design and operating effectiveness of internal control based on the assessed risk. Our audits also included performing such other procedures as we considered necessary in the circumstances. We believe that our audits provide a reasonable basis for our opinions.

A company’s internal control over financial reporting is a process designed to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles. A company’s internal control over financial reporting includes those policies and procedures that (i) pertain to the maintenance of records that, in reasonable detail, accurately and fairly reflect the transactions and dispositions of the assets of the company; (ii) provide reasonable assurance that transactions are recorded as necessary to permit preparation of financial statements in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles, and that receipts and expenditures of the company are being made only in accordance with authorizations of management and directors of the company; and (iii) provide reasonable assurance regarding prevention or timely detection of unauthorized acquisition, use, or disposition of the company’s assets that could have a material effect on the financial statements.

Because of its inherent limitations, internal control over financial reporting may not prevent or detect misstatements. Also, projections of any evaluation of effectiveness to future periods are subject to the risk that controls may become inadequate because of changes in conditions, or that the degree of compliance with the policies or procedures may deteriorate.



/s/ PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP
Louisville, KY

June 27, 2012

75

2013


62

Table of Contents

Item 9.     Changes in and Disagreements with Accountants on Accounting and Financial Disclosure

None.

Item 9A.    Controls and Procedures

Evaluation of Disclosure Controls and Procedures.  The Chief Executive Officer (“CEO”)(CEO) and the Chief Financial Officer (“CFO”)(CFO) of Brown-Forman (its principal executive and principal financial officers) have evaluated the effectiveness of the company’s “disclosure controls and procedures” (as defined in Rule 13a-15(e) under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 (the “Exchange Act”)) as of the end of the period covered by this report. Based on that evaluation, the CEO and CFO concluded that the company’s disclosure controls and procedures: are effective to ensure that information required to be disclosed by the company in the reports filed or submitted by it under the Exchange Act is recorded, processed, summarized, and reported within the time periods specified in the SEC’s rules and forms; and include controls and procedures designed to ensure that information required to be disclosed by the company in such reports is accumulated and communicated to the company’s management, including the CEO and the CFO, as appropriate, to allow timely decisions regarding required disclosure.

Changes in Internal Control Overover Financial Reporting.  There has been no change in the Company’s internal control over financial reporting during the quarter ended April 30, 20122013 that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, the Company’s internal control over financial reporting.

Management’s Report on Internal Control Overover Financial Reporting and Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm.  The report of management on our internal control over financial reporting as of April 30, 20122013 and the report of our independent registered public accounting firm on our internal control over financial reporting are set forth in Part II, Item 8. “Financial Statements and Supplementary Data” in this report on Form 10-K.

Item 9B.    Other Information

None.

PART III

Item 10.    Directors, Executive Officers and Corporate Governance

Information on the Company’s Executive Officers is included under the caption “Executive“Employees and Executive Officers” at the end ofin Part I of this Report on Form 10-K. For the other information required by this item, please see the following sections of our definitive proxy statement for the Annual Meeting of Stockholders to be held July 26, 2012,25, 2013, which information is incorporated into this report by reference: (a) “Election of Directors” on pages 14 through 17 (for biographical information on directors and family relationships); (b) “Code of Conduct and Compliance Guidelines” on page 12Conduct” (for information on our Code of Ethics); (c) “Section 16(a) Beneficial Ownership Reporting Compliance” on page 22 (for information on compliance with Section 16 of the Exchange Act); (d) “Corporate Governance and Nominating Committee” on pages 10 and 11 (for information on the procedures by which security holders may recommend nominees to the Company’s Board of Directors); and (e) “Audit Committee”“Corporate Governance” (for information on pages 9 and 10, and pages 26 through 28.

our Audit Committee).

Item 11.    Executive Compensation

For the information required by this item, please refer to the following sections of our definitive proxy statement for the Annual Meeting of Stockholders to be held July 26, 2012,25, 2013, which information is incorporated into this report by reference: (a) “Executive Compensation” on pages 29 through 54;Compensation;” (b) “Director Compensation;” and (b)(c) “Compensation Committee Interlocks and Insider Participation” on page 59.

76


Participation.”

Item 12.    Security Ownership of Certain Beneficial Owners and Management and Related Stockholder Matters

For Equity Compensation Plan information, please see Part II, Item 5. “Market for the Registrant’s Common Equity, Related Stockholder Matters and Issuer Purchases of Equity Securities” of this Report on Form 10-K.

For the other information required by this item, please refer to the section entitled “Stock Ownership” on pages 18 through 23following sections of our definitive proxy statement for the Annual Meeting of Stockholders to be held July 26, 2012,25, 2013, which information is incorporated into this report by reference.

reference: (a) “Stock Ownership;” and (b) “Equity Compensation Plan Information.”

Item 13.    Certain Relationships and Related Transactions, and Director Independence

For the information required by this item, refer to the following sections of our definitive proxy statement for the Annual Meeting of Stockholders to be held July 26, 2012,25, 2013, which information is incorporated into this report by reference: (a) “Certain Relationships and Related Transactions” on pages 58 and 59;Transactions;” and (b) “Independent Directors” on page 8.

Directors.”


63

Table of Contents

Item 14.    Principal Accountant Fees and Services

For the information required by this item, refer to the sections entitled “Fees Paid to Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm” and “Audit Committee Pre-Approval Policies and Procedures” on pages 27 and 28 of our definitive proxy statement for the Annual Meeting of Stockholders to be held July 26, 2012,25, 2013, which information is incorporated into this report by reference.

77


PART IV


Item 15.    Exhibits and Financial Statement Schedules

  Page
(a)(1)

Financial Statements

 
 

The following documents are included in Item 8 of this report:

 
 

 45

 46

 47

 48

 49

 50-72

75
(a)(2)

Financial Statement Schedule:

 
 

S-1

All other schedules for which provision is made in the applicable accounting regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission have been omitted either because they are not required under the related instructions, because the information required is included in the consolidated financial statements and notes thereto, or because they are not applicable.

(a)(3)Exhibits:

The following documents are filed with this Report:

Exhibit Index

21Exhibit Index
12Ratio of Earnings to Fixed Charges.
21Subsidiaries of the Registrant.
23Consent of PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP, independent registered public accounting firm.
31.1CEO Certification pursuant to Section 302 of Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.
31.2CFO Certification pursuant to Section 302 of Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.
32CEO and CFO Certification pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 (not considered to be filed).


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The following documents have been previously filed:

Exhibit Index

Exhibit Index
3.1

Restated Certificate of Incorporation of registrant, which is incorporated into this report by reference to Exhibit 3.1 of Brown-Forman Corporation’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended July 31, 2012 filed on March 4, 2004.

September 5, 2012 (File No. 002-26821).
3.2

By-laws of registrant, as amended on May 28, 2009, which is incorporated into this report by reference to Exhibit 3(ii) of Brown-Forman Corporation’s Form 8-K filed on May 29, 2009.

2009 (File No. 002-26821).
4.1

Indenture dated as of April 2, 2007 between Brown-Forman Corporation and U.S. Bank National Association, as Trustee, which is incorporated into this report by reference to Exhibit 4.1 of Brown-Forman Corporation’s Form 8-K filed on April 3, 2007.

78


2007 (File No. 002-26821).

Exhibit Index

4.2

FormFirst Supplemental Indenture dated as of 5% Note due 2014,December 13, 2010, between Brown-Forman Corporation and U.S. Bank National Association, as Trustee, which is incorporated into this report by reference to Exhibit 4.2 of Brown-Forman Corporation’s Form 8-KS-3ASR Registration Statement filed on January 9, 2009.

December 13, 2010 (File No. 333-171126).
4.3

Officer’s Certificate dated January 9, 2009, pursuant to Sections 1.02, 2.02 and 3.01 of the Indenture Dated as of April 2, 2007, setting forth the terms of the 5% Notes due 2014, which is incorporated into this report by reference to Brown-Forman Corporation’s Form 8-K filed on January 9, 2009.

    4.4

Form of 2.5% Note due 2016, which is incorporated into this report by reference to Exhibit 4.4 of Brown-Forman Corporation’s Form 8-K filed on December 16, 2010.

2010 (File No. 002-26821).
4.4
    4.5

Officer’s Certificate dated December 16, 2010, pursuant to Sections 1.02, 2.02 and 3.01 of the Indenture Dated as of April 2, 2007, setting forth the terms of the 2.5% Notes due 2016, which is incorporated into this report by reference to Exhibit 4.3 of Brown-Forman Corporation’s Form 8-K filed on December 16, 2010.

2010 (File No. 002-26821).
4.5Form of 1.000% Note due 2018, which is incorporated into this report by reference to Exhibit 4.4 of Brown-Forman Corporation’s Form 8-K filed on December 12, 2012 (File No. 002-26821).
4.6Form of 2.250% Note due 2023, which is incorporated into this report by reference to Exhibit 4.5 of Brown-Forman Corporation’s Form 8-K filed on December 12, 2012 (File No. 002-26821).
4.7Form of 3.750% Note due 2043, which is incorporated into this report by reference to Exhibit 4.6 of Brown-Forman Corporation’s Form 8-K filed on December 12, 2012 (File No. 002-26821).
4.8Officer’s Certificate dated December 12, 2012, pursuant to Sections 1.01, 2.02 and 3.01 of the Indenture Dated as of April 2, 2007, as supplemented by the supplemental indenture dated as of December 13, 2010 between Brown-Forman Corporation and U.S. Bank National Association, as trustee setting forth the terms of the 1.000% Notes due 2018, the 2.250% Notes due 2023, and the 3.750% Notes due 2043, which is incorporated into this report by reference to Exhibit 4.3 of Brown-Forman Corporation’s Form 8-K filed on December 12, 2012 (File No. 002-26821).
10.1

A description of the Brown-Forman Savings Plan, which is incorporated into this report by reference to page 10 of Brown-Forman Corporation’s definitive proxy statement filed on June 27, 1996 in connection with its 1996 Annual Meeting of Stockholders.Stockholders (File No. 001-00123).*

10.2

A description of the Brown-Forman Corporation Nonqualified Savings Plan, which is incorporated into this report by reference to Exhibit 4.1 of Brown-Forman Corporation’s Form S-8 Registration Statement filed on September 24, 2010.2010 (File No. 333-169564).*

10.3

Brown-Forman Corporation Non-Employee Director Deferred Stock Unit Program, which is incorporated into this report by reference to Exhibit 10.1 of Brown-Forman Corporation’s Form 8-K filed on September 23, 2010.2010 (File No. 002-26821).*

10.4

Brown-Forman Corporation 2004 Omnibus Compensation Plan, as amended, which is incorporated into this report by reference to Exhibit A of Brown-Forman Corporation’s proxy statement filed on June 26, 2009, in connection with its 2009 Annual Meeting of Stockholders.Stockholders (File No. 002-26821).*

10.5

Form of Employee Stock Appreciation Right Award, which is incorporated into this report by reference to Exhibit 10(g) of Brown-Forman Corporation’s Form 8-K filed on August 2, 2006.2006 (File No. 002-26821).*

10.6

Form of Employee Non-Qualified Stock Option Award, which is incorporated into this report by reference to Brown-Forman Corporation’s Form 8-K filed on August 2, 2006.*

  10.7

Form of Non-Employee Director Stock Appreciation Right Award, which is incorporated into this report by reference to Exhibit 10(i) of Brown-Forman Corporation’s Form 8-K filed on August 2, 2006.2006 (File No. 002-26821).*

10.7
  10.8

Form of Non-Employee Director Non-Qualified Stock Option Award, which is incorporated into this report by reference to Brown-Forman Corporation’s Form 8-K filed on August 2, 2006.*

  10.9

First Amendment to the Brown-Forman Omnibus Compensation Plan Restricted Stock Agreement, which is incorporated into this report by reference to Brown-Forman Corporation’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended April 30, 2007, filed on June 28, 2007.*

  10.10

Second Amendment to the Brown-Forman 2004 Omnibus Compensation Plan Restricted Stock Agreement, which is incorporated into this report by reference to Brown-Forman Corporation’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended April 30, 2007, filed on June 28, 2007.*

  10.11

Form of Restricted Stock Unit Award, which is incorporated by reference to Brown-Forman Corporation’s Form 10-Q filed on September 4, 2009.

  10.12

2010 Form of Employee Stock-Settled Stock Appreciation Right Award Agreement, which is incorporated into this report by reference to Exhibit 10.1 of Brown-Forman Corporation’s Form 8-K filed on July 23, 2010.2010 (File No. 002-26821).*

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Exhibit Index

10.8
  10.13

2010 Form of Non-Employee Director Stock-Settled Stock Appreciation Right Award Agreement, which is incorporated into this report by reference to Exhibit 10.2 of Brown-Forman Corporation’s Form 8-K filed on July 23, 2010.2010 (File No. 002-26821).*

10.9
  10.14

2010 Form of Restricted Stock Award Agreement, which is incorporated into this report by reference to Exhibit 10.3 of Brown-Forman Corporation’s Form 8-K filed on July 23, 2010.2010 (File No. 002-26821).*

10.10
  10.15

2010 Form of Restricted Stock Unit Award Agreement, which is incorporated into this report by reference to Exhibit 10.4 of Brown-Forman Corporation’s Form 8-K filed on July 23, 2010.2010 (File No. 002-26821).*


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  10.16Exhibit Index
10.11

Summary of Director and Named Executive Officer Compensation.**

10.12
  10.17

Brown-Forman Corporation Amended and Restated Supplemental Executive Retirement Plan and First Amendment thereto, which is incorporated into this report by reference to Exhibit 10(a) of Brown-Forman Corporation’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended April 30, 2010, filed on June 28, 2010.

25, 2010 (File No. 002-26821).
10.13
  10.18

Second Amendment to the Brown-Forman Corporation Amended and Restated Supplemental Executive Retirement Plan, which is incorporated into this report by reference to Exhibit 10(a) of Brown-Forman Corporation’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended January 31, 2011, filed on March 9, 2011.

2011 (File No. 002-26821).
10.14
  10.19

Five-Year Credit Agreement, dated as of November 18, 2011, among Brown-Forman Corporation, certain borrowing subsidiaries and certain lenders party thereto, Barclays Capital as Syndication Agent, Bank of America, N.A. and Citibank, N.A., as Co-Documentation Agents, U.S. Bank National Association, as Administrative Agent, and U.S. Bank National Association, Barclays Capital, Merrill Lynch, Pierce, Fenner & Smith Incorporated and Citigroup Global Markets Inc. as Joint Lead Arrangers and Joint Bookrunners, which is incorporated into this report by reference to Exhibit 10.1 of Brown-Forman Corporation’s Form 8-K filed on November 21, 2011.

2011 (File No. 002-26821).
10.15Letter Agreement between Brown-Forman Corporation and John K. Sirchio dated December 20, 2012, which is incorporated into this report by reference to Exhibit 10.1 of Brown-Forman Corporation’s Form 8-K filed on December 20, 2012 (File No. 002-26821).
14

Code of Ethics for Senior Financial Officers, which is incorporated into this report by reference to
Exhibit 14 of Brown-Forman Corporation’s Form 10-K filed on July 2, 2004.

2004 (File No. 002-26821).
101

The following materials from Brown-Forman Corporation’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended April 30, 2012, formatted in XBRL (eXtensible Business Reporting Language): (a) Consolidated Statements of Operations, (b) Consolidated Balance Sheets, (c) Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows, (d) Consolidated Statements of Stockholders Equity, (e) Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income, and (f) Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements.***

*

Indicates management contract, compensatory plan or arrangement.

**

Incorporated by reference to the sections entitled “Executive Compensation” and “Director Compensation” in the Proxy Statement distributed in connection with our Annual Meeting of Stockholders to be held on July 26, 2012,25, 2013, which is being filed in conjunction with this Annual Report on Form 10-K. (Fiscal 20122013 compensation policies with respect to the company’s directors and named executive officers will remain in effect until the company’s Compensation Committee determines fiscal year 20132014 compensation at its July 20122013 meeting.)

***

Pursuant to Rule 406T of Regulation S-T, the Interactive Data Files in Exhibit 101 hereto are deemed not filed or part of a registration statement or prospectus for purposes of Sections 11 or 12 of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, are deemed not filed for purposes of Section 18 of the Securities and Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, and otherwise are not subject to liability under those sections.

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SIGNATURES

Pursuant to the requirements of Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized.

BROWN-FORMAN CORPORATION

(Registrant)

  

BROWN-FORMAN CORPORATION
(Registrant)
By: /s/ Paul C. Varga

By:Paul C. Varga 
 

Chief Executive Officer and

Chairman of the Company

Date: June 27, 2012

2013

Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, this report has been signed below by the following persons on behalf of the registrant and in the capacities on June 27, 20122013 as indicated:

/s/ Geo. Garvin Brown IV 
By:Geo. Garvin Brown IV
 Director, Chairman of the Board

/s/ Paul C. Varga 
By: Paul C. Varga
 

Director, Chief Executive Officer,

and Chairman of the Company


/s/ Joan C. Lordi Amble 
By:Joan C. Lordi Amble
 DirectorDirector

81



/s/ Patrick Bousquet-Chavanne 
By: Patrick Bousquet-Chavanne
  DirectorDirector


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/s/ Martin S. Brown, Jr. 
By:Martin S. Brown, Jr.
 DirectorDirector

/s/ Bruce L. Byrnes 
By:Bruce L. Byrnes
 DirectorDirector

82



/s/ John D. Cook 
By:John D. Cook
 DirectorDirector

/s/ Sandra A. Frazier 
By:Sandra A. Frazier
 DirectorDirector

/s/ William E. Mitchell 
BY:By:William E. MitchellRichard P. Mayer
 DirectorDirector

/s/ Dace Brown Stubbs 
BY:By:Dace Brown StubbsWilliam E. Mitchell
 DirectorDirector

/s/ James S. Welch, Jr. 
BY:By:James S. Welch, Jr.Dace Brown Stubbs
 DirectorDirector



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/s/ Donald C. Berg 
BY:James S. Welch, Jr.
Director

83


BY:By:Donald C. Berg
 

Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer (Principal Financial Officer)

/s/ Brian P. Fitzgerald 

BY:By:Brian P. FitzgeraldJane C. Morreau
 

Senior Vice President and Director of

Finance,Chief Accounting and Technology

Officer

(Principal Accounting Officer)


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BROWN-FORMAN CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES

SCHEDULE II — VALUATION AND QUALIFYING ACCOUNTS

For the Years Ended April 30, 2010, 2011, 2012, and 2012

2013

(Expressed in millions)

Col. A

  Col. B  Col. C(1)   Col. C(2)  Col. D  Col. E 

Description

  Balance at
Beginning
of Period
  Additions
Charged to
Costs and
Expenses
   Additions
Charged to
Other
Accounts
  Deductions  Balance
At End
of Period
 

2010

       

Allowance for Doubtful Accounts

  $15        $1(1)      $16  

Accrued Restructuring Costs

  $12            $10(2)  $2(3) 

2011

       

Allowance for Doubtful Accounts

  $16   $1    $1(1)      $18  

Accrued Restructuring Costs

  $2(3)           $2(4)     

2012

       

Allowance for Doubtful Accounts

  $18            $9(5)  $9  

Col. ACol. B Col. C(1) Col. C(2) Col. D Col. E
Description
Balance at
Beginning
of Period
 
Additions
Charged to
Costs and
Expenses
 
Additions
Charged to
Other
Accounts
 Deductions 
Balance
At End
of Period
2011         
Allowance for Doubtful Accounts$16
 1
 $1
(1) 

 $18
Accrued Restructuring Costs$2
 
 
 $2
(2) 
$
2012         
Allowance for Doubtful Accounts$18
 $
 $
 9
(3) 
$9
2013         
Allowance for Doubtful Accounts$9
 2
 
 $2
(3) 
$9
(1) 

Foreign currency translation adjustment charged to accumulated other comprehensive income.

(2) 

Employee severance and other special termination benefit payments.

(3)

Consists of estimated present value of special termination benefits to be made to former employees over their remaining lives.

(4)

Special termination benefit payments and amounts reclassified to accrued postretirement benefits.

(5)(3) 

Doubtful accounts written off, net of recoveries.

S-1


70