UNITED STATES

SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION

WASHINGTON,

Washington, D.C. 20549

FORM 10-K

FORM10-K

(Mark One)

ANNUAL REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

For the fiscal year ended December 31, 2019

2022
OR

oTRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

For the transition period fromto

Commission FileNumber file number 001-39113

BLACKSKY TECHNOLOGY INC.

Osprey Technology Acquisition Corp.

(Exact Namename of Registrantregistrant as Specifiedspecified in Its Charter)

its charter)
Delaware83-183376047-1949578

(State or Other Jurisdictionother jurisdiction of

Incorporation

incorporation or Organization)

organization)

(I.R.S. Employer

Identification Number)

No.)
13241 Woodland Park Road
Suite 300
Herndon, Virginia
20171

1845 Walnut Street, Suite 1111,

Philadelphia, PA

19103
(Address of Principal Executive Offices)(Zip Code)

(212)920-1345

(

(571) 267-1571
Registrant’s Telephone Number, Including Area Code)telephone number, including area code

Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:

Title of each class

Trading Symbol(s)

Trading
Symbol(s)

Name of each exchange on which registered

Class A common stock, par value $0.0001 per shareBKSYSFTWThe New York Stock Exchange
Warrants, each to purchasewhole warrant exercisable for one share of Class A common stock at an exercise price of $11.50BKSY.WSFTW.WSThe New York Stock Exchange

Units, each consisting of one share of Class A common stock andone-half of one redeemable warrant

SFTW.UNew York Stock Exchange

Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(g) of the Act:

None

Indicate by check mark if the registrant is a well-known seasoned issuer, as defined in Rule 405 of the Securities Act.Yes o No

x


Indicate by check mark if the registrant is not required to file reports pursuant to Section 13 or Section 15(d) of the Exchange Act. Yes o No

x


Indicate by check mark whether the registrantregistrant: (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the pastpreceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports),; and (2) has been subject to such filing requirementrequirements for the past 90 days. Yes ý No 

o

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically and posted on its corporate web site, if any, every Interactive Data File required to be submitted and posted pursuant to Rule 405 of RegulationS-T (§232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit and post such files). Yes ý No 

o

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, anon-accelerated filer, or a smaller reporting company, or an emerging growth company. See the definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer,”filer” and “smaller reporting company,” and “emerging growth company” in Rule12b-2 of the Exchange Act.

(Check one):

1


Large accelerated fileroAccelerated filero
Non-accelerated filerSmaller reporting company
Emerging growth company

If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act.  ☐

o


If securities are registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act, indicate by check mark whether the financial statements of the registrant included in the filing reflect the correction of an error to previously issued financial statements.o

Indicate by check mark whether any of those error corrections are restatements that required a recovery analysis of incentive-based compensation received by any of the registrant’s executive officers during the relevant recovery period pursuant to §240.10D-1(b).o

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule12b-2 of the Exchange Act).    Yes  ☒.Yes o No 

Asý


The aggregate market value of the registrant’s common stock held by non-affiliates as of June 30, 2019, the last business day2022 was approximately $266,366,137. Shares of the registrant’s most recently completed second fiscal quarter, the registrant’s Class A common stock washeld by each executive officer and director and by each other person who may be deemed to be an affiliate of the registrant have been excluded from this computation. This calculation does not publicly traded. Accordingly,reflect a determination that certain persons are affiliates of the registrant for any other purpose.
As of March 20, 2023, there was no market value forwere 138,734,688 shares of the registrant’s Class A common stock, on such date.

As of March 6, 2020, there were 31,625,000 shares of the Company’s Class A common stock,at $0.0001 par value, $0.0001 per share, and 7,906,250 shares of the Company’s Class B common stock, par value $0.0001 per share, issued and outstanding.

Documents Incorporated by Reference: None.


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TABLE OF CONTENTS

PART I

Page

1
Item 1A.14
35
35
35
35

PART II

35
36
36
39
F-1
40
40
40

PART III

40
45
46
47
50

PART IV

52
52




















2

GLOSSARY OF TERMS

Unless otherwise provided


SPECIAL NOTE REGARDING FORWARD LOOKING STATEMENTS

This Annual Report on Form 10-K contains forward-looking statements within the meaning of Section 27A of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the “Securities Act”), and Section 21E of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the “Exchange Act”), which statements involve substantial risks and uncertainties. All statements contained in this Annual Report on Form10-K:

references to “we,” “us,” “company” or “our company” refer to Osprey Technology Acquisition Corp.;

references to our “sponsor” refer to Osprey Sponsor II, LLC, a Delaware limited liability company;

references to “common stock” are to our Class A common stock and our Class B common stock, collectively;

references to “founder shares” are to shares of our Class B common stock initially purchased by our sponsor in a private placement prior to the initial public offering, and the shares of our Class A common stock issued upon the conversion thereof;

references to our “initial public offering” means the initial public offering of our units, each unit consisting of one share of our Class A common stock andone-half of one redeemable warrant, each whole warrant entitling the holder to purchase one share of Class A common stock, which was consummated on November 5, 2019.

references to our “management” or our “management team” refer to our officers and directors;

references to our “public shares” are to shares of our Class A common stock sold as part of the units in our initial public offering (whether they were purchased in the initial public offering or thereafter in the open market);

references to “public stockholders” refer to the holders of our public shares, which include our sponsor, officers and directors to the extent our sponsor, officers or directors have purchased public shares, provided that our sponsor’s status as a “public stockholder” shall only exist with respect to such public shares;

references to “private placement warrants” refer to the warrants issued to our sponsor in a private placement simultaneously with the closing of the initial public offering; and

references to “warrants” are to our warrants sold as part of the units in the initial public offering (whether they were purchased in the initial public offering or thereafter in the open market) and the private placement warrants.


CAUTIONARY NOTE REGARDING FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS

Certain 10-K other than statements containedof historical fact, including statements regarding our future results of operations and financial position, our business strategy and plans, and our objectives for future operations, are forward-looking statements. The words “believe,” “may,” “will,” “potentially,” “estimate,” “continue,” “anticipate,” “plan,” “intend,” “could,” “would,” “expect” and similar expressions that convey uncertainty of future events or outcomes are intended to identify forward-looking statements. Forward-looking statements included in this Annual Report which reflect our current views with respect to future events and financial performance, and any other statements of a future or forward-looking nature, constitute “forward-looking statements” for the purposes of federal securities laws. Our forward-looking statementson Form 10-K include, but are not limited to, statements regarding our or our management’s expectations, hopes, beliefs, intentions or strategies regarding the future. In addition, any statements that refer to projections, forecasts or other characterizations of future events or circumstances, including any underlying assumptions, are forward-looking statements. The words “anticipate,” “believe,” “continue,” “could,” “estimate,” “expect,” “intends,” “may,” “might,” “plan,” “possible,” “potential,” “predict,” “project,” “should,” “would” and similar expressions may identify forward-looking statements, but the absence of these words does not mean that a statement is not forward-looking. Forward-looking statements in this Annual Report may include, for example, statements about:

regarding:


our ability to select an appropriate target businessretain or businesses;

recruit key employees;

our ability to completegrow distribution channels and partner ecosystems;

our initial business combination;

anticipated capital expenditures, liquidity, and our estimates regarding our capital requirements;

• our ability to integrate proprietary and third-party sensor data;

• our ability to add new satellites to our commercial operations;
• our ability to invest in our software, research and development capabilities;
• our ability to grow a third-party developer community;
• our ability to expand our services and offerings to customers both domestically and internationally;
• our ability to continue delivering data in a cost-effective manner;
• our ability to maintain and protect our brand;
• our ability to expand within our current customer base;
• our ability to compete with legacy satellite imaging providers and other emergent geospatial intelligence providers;
• our ability to maintain intellectual property protection for our products or avoid or defend claims of infringement;
• our ability to comply with laws and regulations applicable to our business;
our expectations aroundabout market trends and needs;
• our estimates of market growth, future revenue, expenses, cash flows, capital requirements and additional financing;
• our expectations regarding our ability to progress toward becoming operating cash flow positive;
• our ability to manage the timing of capital expenditures to allow for additional flexibility to optimize our long-term liquidity requirements;
• our ability to optimize our cash spend to meet short and long-term operational needs;
• the volatility of the trading price of our common stock;
the performance of our Spectra AI platform;
• our plans and expectations for our next generation satellites (“Gen-3”);
the prospective target business or businesses;

our success in retaining or recruiting, or changes required in, our officers, key employees or directors following our initial business combination;

our officersimpact of local, regional, national and directors allocating their time to other businessesinternational economic conditions and potentially having conflictsevents;

• the effect of interest with our business or in approving our initial business combination;

our potential ability to obtain additional financing to complete our initial business combination;

our pool of prospective target businesses;

failure to maintain the listing on, or the delisting of our securities from, the New York Stock Exchange or an inability to have our securities listedCOVID-19 on the New York Stock Exchange or another national securities exchange following our initial business combination;

foregoing; and

• other factors including but not limited to those detailed under the ability of our officers and directors to generate a number of potential investment opportunities;

section entitled “Risk Factors.”

our public securities’ potential liquidity and trading;


the lack of a market for our securities;

the use of proceeds not held in the trust account or available to us from interest income on the trust account balance; or


our financial performance.

2

The



We have based these forward-looking statements contained in this Annual Report are basedlargely on our current expectations and beliefs concerningprojections about future developmentsevents and their potential effects on us. There can be no assurance that future developments affecting us will be thosetrends that we have anticipated.believe may affect our financial condition, results of operations, business strategy, short-term and long-term business operations and objectives and financial needs. These forward-looking statements involveare subject to a number of risks, uncertainties (someand assumptions, including those described in Part I, Item 1A. “Risk Factors” in this Annual Report on Form 10-K. Moreover, we operate in a very competitive and rapidly changing environment. New risks emerge from time to time. It is not possible for us to predict all risks, nor can we assess the impact of all factors on our business or the extent to which are beyond our control)any factor, or other assumptions thatcombination of factors, may cause actual results or performance to bediffer materially different from those expressed or implied by thesecontained in any forward-looking statements. These risks and uncertainties include, but are not limited to, those factors described under the heading “Risk Factors”. Should one or morestatements we may make. In light of these risks, or uncertainties materialize, or should any of ourand assumptions, prove incorrect,the forward-looking events and trends discussed in this Annual Report on Form 10-K may not occur and actual results may vary in material respectscould differ materially and adversely from those projectedanticipated or implied in thesethe forward-looking statements.
You should not rely upon forward-looking statements as predictions of future events. Although we believe that the expectations reflected in the forward-looking statements are reasonable, we cannot guarantee that the future results, performance, or events and circumstances reflected in the forward-looking statements will be achieved or occur. We undertake no obligation to updaterevise or revisepublicly release the results of any revision to these forward-looking statements, whether as a result of new information, future eventswritten or otherwise,oral, except as may be required under applicable securities laws.

by law.


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PART I

Item 1.

BUSINESS

ITEM 1. BUSINESS
Overview

Founded in 2014, BlackSky is a leading provider of real-time geospatial intelligence. We deliver on-demand, high frequency imagery, monitoring and analytics of some of the most critical and strategic locations, economic assets, and events in the world. We design, own, and operate one of the industry’s leading low earth orbit (“LEO”) small satellite (“smallsat” or “smallsats”) constellations, optimized to capture imagery cost-efficiently where and when our customers need it. Our Spectra AI software platform processes data from BlackSky's constellation and from other third-party sensors to develop the critical insights and analytics that provide our customers with the actionable intelligence they require to execute on important decisions. U.S. government, allied nations, commercial businesses, and organizations around the world rely on our products. Our vision is to define a new category of space-based products and services: real-time geospatial and analytics driven intelligence delivered through an easy-to-use platform designed to empower a variety of customers to make decisions.
In the last few years, the market has been shifting away from static, low-frequency satellite imagery and geospatial solutions toward dynamic and on-demand, high-frequency imagery and advanced analytics that together deliver real-time geospatial intelligence. During this time, we have seen the number of commercial sensors on orbit expand from a handful of large, expensive commercial satellites to now hundreds and soon to be thousands of space-based sensors that are changing the way we see and understand our world. To capitalize on this paradigm shift, BlackSky has deployed a newly organized blank check company incorporatedproprietary satellite constellation providing high-frequency, high-resolution imagery and built a fully operational software platform capable of integrating our proprietary data with the data from this proliferation of sensors and other third-party information, such as millions of GPS-enabled terrestrial data sources and Internet of Things ("IOT") connected devices. Our proprietary software platform, Spectra AI, then applies artificial intelligence ("AI") and machine learning ("ML") techniques to transform these raw data feeds into real-time actionable intelligence that provides customers with a Delaware corporation formed for the purpose of effectingfirst-to-know advantage.
Our mission is to enable customers to improve their decision-making processes by incorporating on-demand imagery and AI-driven analytics into their daily operations through our modern, easy-to-use, software-as-a-service ("SaaS") customer experience. We can deliver our proprietary, on-demand imagery at a merger, share purchase, reorganization, capital stock exchange, asset acquisition, or similar business combination with one or more businesses. At December 31, 2019, we had not yet commenced operations. All activity through December 31, 2019 relatelower cost than legacy providers due to our formationscalable software platform, our capital efficient constellation design, and adaptable pricing models, among other things.
Our Vertically Integrated Strategic Assets
The need for real-time geospatial intelligence is more important than ever. Recent global events, like the initial public offering, whichwar in Ukraine or the earthquakes in Turkey and Syria, have demonstrated what customers can expect from the real-time geospatial intelligence that space-based technology can deliver. BlackSky is described below,changing the way space is used to deliver vital, actionable intelligence through our two key strategic assets: our high-revisit earth observation smallsat constellation and identifyingour AI-enabled software platform.
Our Satellite Constellation
We design, develop, manufacture, and operate a target company for a business combination. We have generated no revenuesconstellation of proprietary high-resolution, high-revisit LEO smallsats. Our constellation is optimized to dateprovide reliable and we do not expect that we will generate operating revenues until we consummate our initial business combination atdynamic hourly monitoring of among the earliest. Although we may pursue an acquisition opportunity in any business or industry, we intend to focus on opportunities in the technology sector, particularly companies pursuing a SaaS model, whichmost strategic, high-value locations and assets where we believe will deliver strong risk-adjusted returns forapproximately 90% of the world's gross domestic product occurs. Our current constellation images most locations between the latitudes of 55 degrees North and 55 degrees South, on-demand, providing our investors.

On May 29, 2019,customers with insights and situational awareness throughout the Wall Street Journal reportedday and as events unfold. Historically BlackSky imagery was available from dawn to dusk; recently we have introduced a night-time monitoring capability. Our satellites have agile pointing capabilities that software enhanced productivity gains are serving as a vital engine for continued economic growth, confirming the prescienceenable our customers to task our constellation on-demand to collect specific locations of Marc Andreessen’s iconic 2011 Journal article (“Why Software is Eating the World”), which foretold the emergence of large numbers of new technology companies focused on software solutions, generating high-growth, high-margins, and highly-defensible businesses. As manytraditional non-technology companies have noted, software is critical to driving value in their enterprises. Liberty Mutual has been quoted as saying they “aspire to be a software companyinterest. We believe that sells insurance,” while Alaska Airlines has commented that they are “a software company with airplanes.” Additionally, Capital One now employs more developers than bankers and Nike has more software engineers than apparel designers.

From the smallest local restaurant to the largest global enterprise, businesses are moving to the cloud to enhance efficiency, productivity and profitability. Such SaaS applications enable innovative forms of payments, foster collaboration among team members, monitor spending, manage payroll and benefits, schedule workforces, analyze KPIs, reduce costs around repetitive tasks and more.

Software spending is growing significantly faster than both the broader economy and overall IT spend. Mature software markets continue to grow even as the sector rapidly and creatively evolves into dynamic new areas. As hardware becomes increasingly commoditized, the focus of IT spending is significantly shiftingour constellation on critical, strategic, and economic infrastructure and software that enables customer tasking of our constellation differentiates us from our competitors, who are dedicated primarily to software. Atmapping the same time,entirety of the Earth on a routine basis and who, therefore, require a larger or more expensive constellation to support their mission. BlackSky's unique architecture delivers highly valued imagery and intelligence with a smaller, more capital efficient, and agile constellation.


4


In 2022, we achieved a baseline satellite constellation of 14 LEO smallsats that are currently in operation. In the first half of 2023, we plan to launch two additional satellites to primarily replace the two initial satellites that were deployed in 2018, which have been in operation for more than four years and are approaching their end of life. As the majority of our constellation was launched within the past 18 months, we believe that software is also displacing laborwe have sufficient capacity to meet existing customer requirements and services as reported by numerous reports. Enterprise software returnssupport our customer's needs in the public markets reflect this powerful trajectory. future. Under optimal conditions and measured from dawn until dusk, our constellation achieves a peak revisit rate of up to 15 revisits a day and an average revisit rate of eight to ten revisits a day or approximately every 60-90 minutes, which allows us to collect thousands of images a day. As our satellite constellation grows, we expect our revisit rate to improve, thereby increasing the amount of data we are able to collect and providing incremental utility to customers.
Our benchmark groupcurrent satellites ("Gen-2") are purpose-built to serve our mission and form the foundation of over 50 software businessesour Spectra AI platform. Weighing about 55 kilograms each, these compact, high-tech satellites are comparable in size to a miniature refrigerator. Each satellite is equipped with a modern, commercially-derived optical telescope that eachcollects imagery with a resolution between 80-100 centimeters. Launched into a Low Earth Orbit approximately 450 kilometers above the surface of the Earth, our constellation is optimally distributed to provide maximum coverage for our customers. We have market capitalizationsstrategically located our ground stations around the world to further accelerate our delivery capabilities. Our satellite design is further complemented by our autonomous tasking, mission planning, command and control services, and satellite health and safety monitoring embedded within Spectra AI. With these design advantages, we can distinguish landscape features such as roads and buildings, and gauge commercial activities and patterns such as movements from ships in ports, progress at construction sites, and changes in production by estimating the number of over $1 billion has vastly outperformed the S&P 500, the Nasdaq,cars in a parking lot. U.S. and their subsectorsallied militaries rely on our services for high-revisit monitoring of airfields, vehicle depots, troop movements, and other high-value locations to detect changes in recent periods.

Against this backdrop, it is unsurprising that venture capital has been very activepattern-of-life.

We have designed our next generation satellites (“Gen-3”) to include significantly enhanced capabilities, such as improved imaging resolution to between 35-50 centimeters and short-wave infrared imaging technology for expanded imaging capabilities in software. However, welow-light or nighttime. We anticipate launching our first Gen-3 satellites in 2024. We believe that the IPO market has become increasingly selective, forcing venture investors to extend the duration of their holdingsthese Gen-3 advancements will improve our analytics and increase capital commitmentsthe value we can deliver to maintain ownership across later rounds.our customers.
We are vertically integrated and manufacture our satellites through LeoStella, a 50%-owned satellite manufacturing joint venture with Thales Alenia Space. LeoStella has capacity to manufacture up to 40 satellites per year. This vertical integration enables BlackSky to control our satellites through the entire design, manufacturing, and operation process and optimize performance per unit cost. The LeoStella partnership further allows us to learn from and leverage their manufacturing expertise and commercial best practices.
While our constellation and ground station infrastructure enables us to capture imagery at higher cadences and lower costs than many of the legacy providers, our software platform, Spectra AI, enables us to provide actionable intelligence to our customers.

5


Our Software Platform
BlackSky’s Spectra AI software platform processes millions of observations a day from our proprietary satellite constellation and from multiple external data sources including imaging, radar and radio frequency satellites, environmental sensors, asset tracking sensors, IoT connected devices, internet-enabled narrative sources, and a variety of geotemporal data feeds. Spectra AI employs advanced, proprietary AI and ML techniques to process, analyze, and transform these data feeds into fully automated alerts, information, and insights for our customers. These critical insights provide customers with actionable intelligence that supports daily decision making.
Customers access Spectra AI’s data and analytics through an easy-to-use web interface on their desktops or mobile devices. Through Spectra AI, customers can task BlackSky's constellation, which uses proprietary mission operations software that optimizes revisit rates and collection capabilities, and receive high-resolution imagery and analytics in, on average, under 90 minutes. Importantly, customers can set-up alerts so that Spectra AI automatically generates and distributes images from BlackSky satellites and analytics upon the occurrence of certain conditions or changes, giving customers a first-to-know advantage. Understanding the flexibility needed to engage a wide range of customers, the Spectra AI software gives customers the ability to order imagery from other providers. Customers can also access BlackSky products through application programming interfaces ("APIs"), which are typically embedded with customers or certain reseller channels such as Palantir Technologies.
As we collect data, we establish a baseline view of important conditions around the world. Incremental data enables us to detect and understand changes to or deviations from the baseline. Spectra AI leverages this data, much of it proprietary, to accelerate its learning using neural networks. We believe that this environmentSpectra AI will present multiple opportunitiesbenefit from a “flywheel learning effect” as we continuously expand and enrich our proprietary data repository.
Designed with security and scalability in mind, Spectra AI is built on the Amazon Web Services platform. Spectra AI offers a full software stack that includes a data and sensor integration layer, an extract, transform, load (“ETL”) layer, an analytics layer that hosts our AI and ML algorithms, an application layer for flexible, patient,our customers, an API framework for developers, and attentive investors like us.our global intelligence database that captures sensor data.
Spectra AI has been operating for eight years and is continuously updated and refreshed. We have designed our software stack with a strong focus on API compatibility to enable developers to easily integrate our software with our customers’ information technology platforms. Our goal is for customers to be able to access Spectra AI with minimal incremental technology investment. Software development is an important focus for our future as Spectra AI is the key to turning our geospatial data into actionable intelligence that improves and enhances our customers’ business processes and decisions.
Our Key Services and Products
Our offerings support a broad range of applications including national and homeland security, supply chain intelligence, crisis management, critical infrastructure monitoring, economic intelligence, and others. We generate revenue by selling imagery and software analytics services through our Spectra AI platform and by providing professional and engineering services to customers on a project-by-project basis.
Imagery and Software Analytical Services
Imagery Services: We offer high-revisit, high-resolution, on-demand satellite imaging services. Through our Spectra AI platform, customers can directly task our constellation to collect and deliver imagery over specific locations, sites, and regions that are critical to their operations. We offer customers several service level options, including basic subscription plans for on-demand tasking or multi-year assured access programs, where customers can secure priority access and imaging capacity over a region of interest on a take or pay basis.
Data, Software, and Analytics: Our analytics are also offered on a subscription basis and provide customers with access to our site monitoring, event monitoring, and global data services. We provide services related to object, change and anomaly detection; site monitoring; and enhanced analytics through which we can detect key pattern-of-life changes in critical locations. These critical locations include infrastructure such as ports, airports, and construction sites; retail activity; commodities stockpiles; and other sites that contain critical commodities and supply chain inventory.

6


While we offer a variety of pricing and utilization options for our imagery and software analytical service offerings, most of our agreements are structured as subscription contracts, followed by usage-based pricing and transactional licenses. These options provide customers with flexibility to utilize our imagery and software analytical services in a manner that best suits their business needs. We offer pricing tiers that enable the customer to manage collection priorities. For example, during critical events, customers may pay a premium to prioritize their monitoring and collection requirements, while at other times, customers can select lower priority collections to allow for more economical utilization.
Professional and Engineering Services
We develop and deliver advanced launch vehicle, satellite, and payload systems for strategic customers that desire to leverage our capabilities in mission systems engineering and operations, ground station operations, software, analytics and systems development. Launch vehicle, satellite, and payload systems are typically sold to government customers under fixed price contracts that provide BlackSky with funded research and development to offset our capital investments. These contracts provide the benefit of accelerating technological developments for our own satellites and building long-term customer relationships that are often expanded into agreements for our imagery and data software services.
We also provide professional service solutions to support customer-specific software feature requests and the integration, testing, and training of our imagery and software analytical services into a customer’s organizational processes and workflows. Finally, we offer software systems engineering development services to support the integration of high volume and mass quantities of data into customer's operating platforms.
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(1) Included in imagery and software analytical services in our Consolidated Statements of Operations and Comprehensive Loss
(2) Included in professional and engineering services in our Consolidated Statements of Operations and Comprehensive Loss

Our Customers
Many of the most important and demanding government and commercial organizations in the world, including United States defense and intelligence agencies and international ministries of defense, rely on the actionable intelligence we provide. To compete effectively in today’s data-driven military battlefields and commercial market environments, governments and organizations of all sizes and industries face a growing need for timely and affordable geospatial intelligence and analytics to help shape critical decisions. To meet these customer demands, next generation geospatial intelligence platforms must have the ability to deliver situational awareness, location intelligence, and insights into events and activities as they unfold.

7


Our current customer base and market mix are weighted towards U.S. defense and intelligence customers, as we have a long history serving these agencies as a trusted mission partner. We believe there are significant opportunities to expand our imagery and software analytical services, as well as our professional and engineering service offerings, to a broad set of domestic and international customers. Management classifies our customer base predominantly into three categories:
U.S. Federal Government & agencies: We sell to multiple U.S. government agencies that there will bespan defense, intelligence, and federal and civilian agencies. Our intelligence customers include the National Reconnaissance Office (“NRO”) and the National Geospatial-Intelligence Agency ("NGA"). In 2022, NRO awarded our largest imagery contract to date, valued at up to $1 billion over a number10-year period. We provide analytic services to the NGA under a 5-year $60 million contract. We also have won contracts across a range of sellers that will appreciateother governmental customers including Department of Defense customers such as the liquidity and/or exit opportunityAir Force, Army, and the Intelligence Advanced Research Projects Agency (“IARPA”).
International Governments and Organizations: We sell to multiple foreign governments, agencies, and organizations worldwide. For example, an Asian customer recently awarded us a $10 million follow-on subscription contract to provide on-demand, high-resolution imagery services to an Asian government ally.
Commercial and Other: Currently, commercial and industrial customers represent a small but important emerging portion of our business. Our services and products can benefit customers in a variety of commercial and industrial infrastructure markets including, but not limited to, energy and utilities, insurance, commodities, mining, manufacturing, logistics, supply chain management, agriculture, environmental monitoring, disaster and risk management, engineering and construction, retail, and consumer behavior.
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Our Competitive Differentiation
We believe that we are well-positioned to provide.

To pursue this opportunity,compete with legacy satellite imaging providers and other emerging geospatial intelligence providers. Our strategy to combine a high-revisit satellite constellation with an AI-enabled SaaS platform has been validated by contract awards from the most demanding customers. Our unique approach removes three important barriers that we will relybelieve have hindered the legacy industry from achieving a broader market adoption including: low-costs, ease of use through a modern software interface and platform, and assured access to imaging services where, when, and at the frequency customers need it. Key elements of our competitive differentiation include the following:


8


Low-cost imagery capture. Our constellation leverages the disruptive economics of small satellites to enable us to capture data in a more cost-effective manner than legacy satellite imagery providers and offer a variety of pricing models. Lower cost, more adaptable products allow us to expand the market for our services.
High-revisit rate, dawn-to-dusk imagery collection. We have optimized our constellation to deliver high-revisit collection capability of critical, strategic, and economic assets and locations where we estimate about 90% of the world's GDP occurs. Under ideal conditions and measured from dawn until dusk, we are capable of revisiting specific locations on Earth up to 15 times per day.
On-demand satellite tasking capabilities. Using our Spectra AI software platform, which can be accessed through a web-browser or via APIs, customers can easily task our constellation and receive high-resolution imagery and advanced analytics delivered to their email, in-house ERP system, or cloud environment in, on average, under 90 minutes. This first of its kind capability enables an expansion in the combinationmarket for geospatial intelligence by eliminating the need for customers to deploy resources to design their own platform or employ geospatial analysts.
Integration of skills broughtproprietary and third-party sensor data. By combining proprietary and third party data sources, we can increase the value of our database of sensor-based information at low cost and serve as a full-service geospatial data solution provider.
Continuously growing proprietary intelligence data repository. As our data repository grows, we expect to us bybenefit from a flywheel effect whereby incremental data enhances our management, boardbaseline understanding of directors,the world, thereby enabling the delivery of increasingly valuable insights and analytics to our customers.
Proprietary, cloud-based software stack. Our cloud-based software platform includes proprietary customer applications-such as an ETL layer, advanced AI/ML modules, and our operating partners. Our team is led byAPI framework-that enhance Spectra AI's ability to scale quickly and efficiently deliver meaningful data.
Vertical integration. We design our Co-Chairmen Edward E. Cohen (Chairmansatellites and manufacture them at LeoStella, our satellite manufacturing joint venture. Control of HEPCO Capital Management) the satellite production process from design through manufacturing enables us to upgrade our satellites during production and Jonathan Z. Cohen (Chief Executive Officer of HEPCO Capital Management), andcontinuously improve our Chief Executive Officer, President and director, David DiDomenico (Partner at JANA Partners).

Also joining us are Savneet Singh, Robert (Bob) Tinker,satellites’ capabilities, as well as build and maintain our operating partners, Russ Fradinoptimal constellation size at a relatively low cost.

API kit for developers to build geospatial intelligence into next gen applications. We support our customers with a robust, flexible API kit that enables them to integrate our capabilities into their existing platforms and John Mutch, all experienced software executives. applications with a low upfront financial and time investment.
Industry Overview
We operate in a large and growing geospatial market that includes both imaging services and analytic solutions. The industry has been evolving over time from a focus on static observation and mapping to a focus on dynamic, high-frequency monitoring capabilities that enable on-demand actionable intelligence. Geospatial intelligence is playing an increasingly critical role in decision-making for government agencies, commercial enterprises and organizations around the world. At the same time, a growing number of government defense and intelligence agencies are increasing their reliance on commercial satellite providers to complement their in-house geospatial data sources. According to Markets and Markets, an independent industry research firm, the global geospatial analytics market is projected to grow from about $67 billion in 2022 to about $120 billion by 2027, resulting in a compound annual growth rate of 12.2%.
Organizations like the U.S. Space Force, U.S. Army, and Space Development Agency are seeking to leverage commercial small satellite constellations for space-based defense and mission-critical intelligence, a priority in the U.S. defense budget. U.S. investments in space programs are outpacing broader defense spending and are viewed by those in government as vital to our country's national security and defense strategy. In late 2022, the U.S. Space Force and the Space Development Agency increased its fiscal year 2023 budget to over $26.3 billion, a 34% increase over fiscal year 2022 levels. We believe BlackSky's innovative architecture and operational capabilities are well aligned to support the U.S. government's space-based defense priorities.

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The increase in demand for geospatial imaging and intelligence is coming at a time of limited supply growth. We believe that legacy satellite imaging providers may not be able to provide the capacity needed to meet the growing demand as their aging constellations are being replaced with lower capacity satellites. We believe the expansion of our capacity will also rely on Robert (Brad) Henskebe met by strong demand and Richard Reiss, Jr. Messrs. Singh, Henske, Reissthat we are well positioned to capture a significant share of the growth in the space data and Tinker serveanalytics market.
Compliance with Government Regulations

Our industry is highly regulated and our operations are subject to various foreign, federal, state, and local laws and regulations. We must comply with, and are affected by, laws and regulations relating to the formation, administration, and performance of U.S. government and foreign government contracts. Changes to or additional government regulations or policies relating to our business could increase regulatory uncertainty and may have an adverse effect on our boardbusiness, financial condition and results of directors alongoperations. For example, our business requires licenses and permits from the Federal Communications Commission (the “FCC”) and review by and/or coordination with Messrs. Cohenother agencies of the U.S. Government, including the Department of Defense, the National Oceanic and DiDomenico.

Atmospheric Administration (“NOAA”) and the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (“NASA”), as well as foreign regulators, such as the New Zealand Space Agency. Additional information about the government regulations affecting our business and the risks relating to government contracts appears in “Risk Factors” in Item 1A of this Annual Report on Form 10-K.


Intellectual Property
We will relyown an intellectual property (“IP”) portfolio that includes a significant amount of proprietary code and actively pursue internal development of proprietary software and other intellectual property. Our portfolio also includes trademarks, service marks, domain names, unpatented trade secrets, know-how, data, and software. While our IP rights in the aggregate are important to our operations, we do not believe that any particular trade secret, trademark, license, or other IP right is of such importance that its loss, expiration, or termination would have a material effect on Messrs. Cohen,our business.
Employees and Human Capital
As of December 31, 2022, we had 259 employees. BlackSky employs a highly technical workforce, with 58% of our employees working in engineering or operations functions and the remainder in our sales and general and administrative functions. Many of our employees bring significant experience from prior positions working for leading defense contractors, satellite manufacturers, other commercial and military aerospace and defense companies, and government agencies.
Since our inception, BlackSky has sought to recruit qualified and creative employees who have been working together for 24 yearspossess diverse business capabilities and have acquired, founded, and/or managed over $30 billionalign with our core corporate values. Our human capital objectives include identifying, recruiting, retaining, incentivizing and integrating our existing and new employees, advisors, and consultants In addition to competitive salaries, the principal purposes of assets throughoutour cash and equity incentive plans are to attract, retain, and reward personnel through the energy, real estate, financial services, healthcare,granting of cash-based and technology-related sectors.stock-based incentive awards. We will rely on this industry expertisebelieve such plans increase stockholder value by motivating individuals to perform to the best of their abilities and ability to source acquisitions. Most prominently, while leading public energy and financial services companies, they were instrumental in pioneering technological change in these industries. They were early entrantsachieve corporate objectives. As we move into the financial technology industry, founding The Bancorp,next stage of our growth, we are devoting more resources to our human capital, in particular sales talent; and are building the infrastructure necessary to support our workforce and promote communication, respect, and diversity across our team.
We are committed to a set of core corporate values. They include:
People First. We operate with respect and transparency. We provide a rich environment for people to grow, fulfill their ambitions and achieve their full potential.
Accountability. We are accountable to meeting and exceeding our commitments to customers and shareholders.
Innovation. We are innovators and thought leaders. We are passionate and relentless about solving problems that matter.
Integrity. We conduct ourselves ethically and honestly. Trust is paramount.

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Diversity. We believe that diversity of background and opinion are essential to the strength of our culture. We are committed to an equitable and inclusive environment.
Positive Impact. We are here to contribute to a smarter and safer world. Our shared goal is to contribute to the good of society through the responsible use of our assets.
Celebration. We celebrate our wins and recognize the individual and collective accomplishments of our teams.
Corporate Information
On September 9, 2021, our predecessor company Osprey Technology Acquisition Corp. (“Osprey”), consummated its merger (the "Merger") with Osprey Technology Merger Sub, Inc., a wholly owned subsidiary of Osprey, and BlackSky Holdings, Inc. (“Legacy BlackSky”). Immediately following the Merger, Osprey changed its name to BlackSky Technology Inc. Legacy BlackSky survived the Merger and is now a wholly owned subsidiary of BlackSky Technology Inc. Unless the context otherwise requires, references in this Annual Report on Form 10-K to “BlackSky”, “the Company”, “we”, “us” and “our” refer to the business and operations of Legacy BlackSky and its consolidated subsidiaries prior to the Merger and to BlackSky Technology Inc. and Leaf Financial, Inc. Inits consolidated subsidiaries, following the oil and gas space, they drove the use of energy technology in the developmentclosing of the Marcellus Shale in western Pennsylvania, advancing technological change by employing fracking and lateral extension techniques, early precursorsMerger.
Our corporate headquarters is located at 13241 Woodland Park Road, Suite 300, Herndon, VA 20171. Our website is located at www.blacksky.com. The contents of the revolutionary advances that have transformedour website are not incorporated into this industry. In 2016, Messrs. Cohen formed Osprey Energy, a blank check company formed to acquire an energy asset. Through its initial public offering in July 2017, Osprey Energy raised $275 million from the sale of 27.5 million units to public investors, with each unit consisting of one share of Annual Report on Form 10-K.
Our Class A Common Stock (“Class A common stockand one-half of one warrant. In August 2018, Osprey Energy consummated an acquisition with Royal Resources L.P., an entity owned by funds managed by Blackstone Energy Partners and Blackstone Capital Partners, forming Falcon. Falcon’s sharesstock”) and warrants currently tradeare listed on Nasdaqthe New York Stock Exchange (the “NYSE”) under the symbols “FLMN”“BKSY” and “FLMNW”“BKSY.W”, respectively.

Mr. DiDomenico has been investing in and analyzing technology and technology-related companies for over 20 years, most recently as Partnerand Co-Portfolio Manager of JANA Partners, LLC an investment advisor based in New York City with peak assets under management of approximately $12 billion. We rely on Mr. DiDomenico’s extensive expertise in fundamental business analysis as well as his broad professional relationships with technologists and investors. We believe that Mr. DiDomenico and Messrs. Cohen have assembled a world-class team to support Osprey Technology.

With respect to the foregoing, past performance by our management team and our operating partnersAvailable Information

Our investor relations website is not a guarantee either (i) of success with respect to any business combination we may consummate or (ii) that we will be able to identify a suitable candidate for our initial business combination. You should not rely on the historical recordhttps://ir.blacksky.com. Copies of our management team’sAnnual Report on Form 10-K, Quarterly Reports on Form 10-Q, Current Reports on Form 8-K, proxy statements, registration statements, and amendments to these reports filed or furnished pursuant to Section 13(a) or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, are available free of charge on our operating partners’ performanceinvestor relations website as indicative of our future performance.

Business Strategy

Our acquisition and value creation strategy involves identifying, acquiring and,soon as reasonably practicable after our initial business combination, building a company in the software industry that complements the experience of our management team and can benefit from their operational expertise and/we file such material electronically with or executive oversight. Our acquisition strategy leverages our team’s network of potential proprietary and public transaction sources where we believe a combination of our relationships, knowledge and experience in the software industry could effect a positive transformation or augmentation of existing businesses or propertiesfurnish it to improve their overall value proposition.

We utilize the network and industry experience of Messrs. Cohen, Mr. DiDomenico and our management team in seeking an initial business combination and employing our acquisition strategy. Over the course of their careers, the members of our management team and their affiliates have developed a broad network of contacts and corporate relationships that serve as a useful source of acquisition opportunities. This network has been developed through our management team’s extensive experience in both investing in and operating companies across various industries, including energy, real estate, financial services, healthcare and technology-related sectors. These networks provide our management team with a robust flow of acquisition opportunities. In addition, target business candidates are brought to our attention from various unaffiliated sources, which may include investment market participants, private equity groups, investment banking firms, consultants, accounting firms and large business enterprises.

Acquisition Criteria

We seek out companies that present promising potential for further scalability in conjunction with the following attributes. Our team uses these criteria to guide our assessment of opportunities, though we may decide to enter into our initial business combination with a company that does not align itself with the framework we lay out. We intend to identify a company or companies with the following attributes:

Robust and growing addressable market: We intend to focus on investments that we believe present attractive prospects for long-term secular and market expansion;

Stable, recurring revenue: We intend to target companies that combine existing subscription-based revenue with attractive growth prospects;

Opportunity for strategic or operational enhancement: We intend to leverage our team’s expertise and extensive networks in the software industry to drive ongoing value creation;

Established pricing power: We intend to select a target that has embedded characteristics to support continued pricing power of its products;

High customer retention rates: We intend to acquire a target that has a stable and growing customer base with long-term subscription-based revenues and minimal churn;

High cash flow conversion and sustainable gross margins: We intend to acquire a target with an efficient cost structure and gross margins that are sustainable and attractive;

Low asset intensity: We intend to select a target with limited capital expenditure needs relative to its revenues and operating earnings;

Operational and management maturity: We intend to select a target that has a proven management team, as well as the requisite compliance, financial controls, and reporting processes in place to operate as a public company; and

Offer an attractive return for stockholders: We intend to acquire a target on terms and in a manner that leverages our management team’s experience investing within the software industry. Potential upside from growth in the target business and an improved capital structure will be weighed against any identified downside risks.

These criteria are not intended to be exhaustive. Any evaluation relating to the merits of a particular initial business combination is based, to the extent relevant, on these general criteria as well as other considerations, factors and criteria that our management may deem relevant. In the event that we decide to enter into our initial business combination with a target business that does not meet the above criteria, we will disclose that the target business does not meet the above criteria in our stockholder communications related to our initial business combination, which, would be in the form of tender offer documents or proxy solicitation materials that we would file with the Securities and Exchange Commission (the “SEC”"SEC").

Initial Public Offering

The registration statementSEC also maintains a website that contains our SEC filings at www.sec.gov. We use our investor relations website to post important information for our initial public offering was declared effective on October 31, 2019. On November 5, 2019, we consummated the initial public offering of 27,500,000 units, generating gross proceeds of $275,000,000.

Simultaneously with the closing of the initial public offering, we consummated the sale of 7,500,000 private placement warrants at a price of $1.00 per warrant in a private placement to our sponsor generating gross proceeds of $7,500,000.

Following the closing of the initial public offering, an amount of $275,000,000 ($10.00 per unit) from the net proceeds of the sale of the units in the initial public offeringinvestors, including news releases, analyst presentations, and the private placement warrants was placed in a trust accountsupplemental financial information, and invested in U.S. government securities, within the meaning set forth in Section 2(a)(16) of the Investment Company Act of 1940, as amended (the “Investment Company Act”), with a maturity of 185 days or less or in money market funds meeting certain conditions under Rule2a-7 of the Investment Company Act which invest only in direct U.S. government treasury obligations until the earlier of: (i) the consummation of a business combination or (ii) the distribution of the trust account.

On November 13, 2019, in connection with the underwriters’ full exercise of their over-allotment option, we consummated the sale of an additional 4,125,000 units at $10.00 per unit, and the sale to our sponsor of an additional 825,000 private placement warrants at $1.00 per warrant, generating total gross proceeds of $42,075,000. Following the closing, an additional $41,250,000 of net proceeds was placed in the trust account, resulting in $316,250,000 held in the trust account as of November 13, 2019.

Initial Business Combination

The NYSE rules require that our initial business combination must be with one or more target businesses that together have a fair market value equal to at least 80% of the balance in the trust account (less any deferred underwriting fees and taxes payable on interest earned) at the time of our signing a definitive agreement in connection with our initial business combination. If our board of directors is not able to determine the fair market value of the target business or businesses, we will obtain an opinion from an independent investment banking firm that is a member of the Financial Industry Regulatory Authority (“FINRA”) or from an independent accounting firm, with respect to the satisfaction of such criteria. Our stockholders will not be provided with a copy of such opinion nor will they be able to rely on such opinion. We do not intend to purchase multiple businesses in unrelated industries in conjunction with our initial business combination, although there is no assurance that will be the case.

We anticipate structuring our initial business combination so that the post-transaction company in which our public stockholders own shares will own or acquire 100% of the outstanding equity interests or assets of the target business or businesses. We may, however, structure our initial business combination such that the post-transaction company owns or acquires less than 100% of such interests or assets of the target business in order to meet certain objectives of the target management team or stockholders or for other reasons, but we will only complete such business combination if the post-transaction company owns or acquires 50% or more of the outstanding voting securities of the target or otherwise acquires a controlling interest in the target sufficient for it not to be required to register as an investment company under the Investment Company Act of 1940, as amended, or the Investment Company Act. Even if the post-transaction company owns or acquires 50% or more of the voting securities of the target, our stockholders prior to our initial business combination may collectively own a minority interest in the post-transaction company, depending on valuations ascribed to the target and us in the business combination transaction. For example, we could pursue a transaction in which we issue a substantial number of new shares in exchange for all of the outstanding capital stock of a target. In this case, we would acquire a 100% controlling interest in the target. However, as a result of the issuance of a substantial number of new shares, our stockholders immediately prior to our initial business combination could own less than a majority of our outstanding shares subsequent to our initial business combination. If less than 100% of the equity interests or assets of a target business or businesses are owned or acquired by the post-transaction company, the portion of such business or businesses that is owned or acquired is what will be valued for purposes of the NYSE’s 80% of net assets test. If our initial business combination involves more than one target business, the 80% of net assets test will be based on the aggregate value of all of the target businesses.

Our Acquisition Process

In evaluating a prospective target business, we conduct a thorough due diligence review that encompasses, among other things, meetings with incumbent management and employees, document reviews, inspection of facilities, as well as a review of financial and other information that will be made available to us. We also utilize our operational and capital allocation experience.

We are not prohibited from pursuing an initial business combination with a company that is affiliated with our sponsor, officers or directors. In the event we seek to complete our initial business combination with a company that is affiliated with our sponsor, officers or directors, we, or a committee of independent directors, will obtain an opinion from an independent investment banking firm which is a member of FINRA or an independent accounting firm that our initial business combination is fair to our company from a financial point of view.

Members of our management team and our independent directors directly or indirectly own founder shares and/or private placement warrants and, accordingly, may have a conflict of interest in determining whether a particular target business is an appropriate business with which to effectuate our initial business combination. Further, each of our officers and directors may have a conflict of interest with respect to evaluating a particular business combination if the retention or resignation of any such officers and directors was included by a target business as a condition to any agreement with respect to our initial business combination.

Each of our officers and directors presently has, and any of them in the future may have additional, fiduciary or contractual obligations to other entities pursuant to which such officer or director is or will be required to present a business combination opportunity. Accordingly, if any of our officers or directors becomes aware of a business combination opportunity which is suitable for an entity to which he or she has then-current fiduciary or contractual obligations, he or she will honor his or her fiduciary or contractual obligations to present such opportunity to such entity. We do not believe, however, that the fiduciary duties or contractual obligations of our officers or directors will materially affect our ability to complete our business combination. Our amended and restated certificate of incorporation provides that we renounce our interest in any corporate opportunity offered to any director or officer unless such opportunity is expressly offered to such person solely in his or her capacity as a director or officer of our company and such opportunity is one we are legally and contractually permitted to undertake and would otherwise be reasonable for us to pursue.

Our sponsor, officers and directors have agreed not to participate in the formation of, or become an officer or director of, any other blank check company formed for the purpose of effecting a business combination with one or more businesses in the technology industry (other than any such positions held on the date of the initial public offering’s prospectus) until we have entered into a definitive agreement regarding our initial business combination or we have failed to complete our initial business combination within the required timeframe.

Our Management Team

Members of our management team are not obligated to devote any specific number of hours to our matters, but they intend to devote as much of their time as they deem necessary to our affairs until we have completed our initial business combination. The amount of time that any member of our management team will devote in any time period will vary based on whether a target business has been selected for our initial business combination and the current stage of the business combination process.

We believe our management team’s operating and transaction experience and relationships with companies provides us with a substantial number of potential business combination targets. Over the course of their careers, the members of our management team have developed a broad network of contacts and corporate relationships around the world. This network has grown through the activities of our management team sourcing, acquiring and financing businesses, our management team’s relationships with sellers, financing sources and target management teams and the experience of our management team in executing transactions under varying economic and financial market conditions.

Status as a Public Company

As an existing public company, we offer a target business an alternative to the traditional initial public offering through a merger or other business combination. In this situation, the owners of the target business would exchange their shares of stock in the target business for shares of our stock or for a combination of shares of our stock and cash, allowing us to tailor the consideration to the specific needs of the sellers. Although there are various costs and obligations associated with being a public company, we believe target businesses will find this method a more certain and cost effective method to becoming a public company than the typical initial public offering. In a typical initial public offering, there are additional expenses incurred in marketing, road show and public reporting efforts that may not be present to the same extent in connection with a business combination with us.

Furthermore, once a proposed business combination is completed, the target business will have effectively become public, whereas an initial public offering is always subject to the underwriters’ ability to complete the offering, as well as general market conditions, which could delay or prevent the offering from occurring or could have negative valuation consequences. Once public, we believe the target business would then have greater access to capital and an additional means of providing management incentives consistent with stockholders’ interests. It can offer further benefits by augmenting a company’s profile among potential new customersdisclosing material non-public information and vendors and aid in attracting talented employees.

We are an “emerging growth company,” as defined in Section 2(a) of the Securities Act of 1933 (the “Securities Act”), as modified by the JOBS Act. As such, we are eligible to take advantage of certain exemptions from various reporting requirements that are applicable to other public companies that are not “emerging growth companies” including, but not limited to, not being required to comply with the auditor attestation requirements of Section 404 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act, reduced disclosure obligations regarding executive compensation in our periodic reports and proxy statements, and exemptions from the requirements of holding anon-binding advisory vote on executive compensation and stockholder approval of any golden parachute payments not previously approved. If some investors find our securities less attractive as a result, there may be a less active trading market for our securities and the prices of our securities may be more volatile.

In addition, Section 107 of the JOBS Act also provides that an “emerging growth company” can take advantage of the extended transition period provided in Section 7(a)(2)(B) of the Securities Act for complying with new or revised accounting standards. In other words, an “emerging growth company” can delay the adoption of certain accounting standards until those standards would otherwise apply to private companies. We intend to take advantage of the benefits of this extended transition period.

We will remain an emerging growth company until the earlier of (1) the last day of the fiscal year (a) following the fifth anniversary of the completion of the initial public offering, (b) in which we have total annual gross revenue of at least $1.07 billion, or (c) in which we are deemed to be a large accelerated filer, which means the market value of our Class A common stock that is held bynon-affiliates exceeds $700 million as of the prior June 30th, and (2) the date on which we have issued more than $1.00 billion innon-convertible debt securities during the prior three-year period.

Additionally, we are a “smaller reporting company” as defined in Rule 10(f)(1) of RegulationS-K. Smaller reporting companies may take advantage of certain reduced disclosure obligations including, among other things, providing only two years of audited financial statements. We will remain a smaller reporting company until the last day of the fiscal year in which (1) the market value of our common stock held bynon-affiliates exceeds $250 million as of the prior June 30th, or (2) our annual revenues exceeded $100 million during such completed fiscal year and the market value of our common stock held bynon-affiliates exceeds $700 million as of the prior June 30th.

Financial Position

With funds available for a business combination in the amount of approximately $306 million, we offer a target business a variety of options such as creating a liquidity event for its owners, providing capital for the potential growth and expansion of its operations or strengthening its balance sheet by reducing its debt ratio. Because we are able to complete our initial business combination using our cash, debt or equity securities, or a combination of the foregoing, we have the flexibility to use the most efficient combination that will allow us to tailor the consideration to be paid to the target business to fit its needs and desires. However, we have not taken any steps to secure third party financing and there can be no assurance it will be available to us.

Effecting our Initial Business Combination

We intend to effectuate our initial business combination using cash from the proceeds of the initial public offering and the private placement of the private placement warrants, our capital stock, debt or a combination of these as the consideration to be paid in our initial business combination. We may seek to complete our initial business combination with a company or business that may be financially unstable or in its early stages of development or growth, which would subject us to the numerous risks inherent in such companies and businesses.

If our initial business combination is paid for using equity or debt securities, or not all of the funds released from the trust account are used for payment of the consideration in connection with our business combination or used for redemptions of purchases of our Class A common stock, we may apply the balance of the cash released to us from the trust account for general corporate purposes, including for maintenance or expansion of operations of the post-transaction company, the payment of principal or interest due on indebtedness incurred in completing our initial business combination, to fund the purchase of other companies or for working capital.

We may seek to raise additional funds through a private offering of debt or equity securities in connection with the completion of our initial business combination, and we may effectuate our initial business combination using the proceeds of such offering rather than using the amounts held in the trust account. Subject to compliance with applicable securities laws, we would expect to complete such financing only simultaneously with the completion of our business combination. In the case of an initial business combination funded with assets other than the trust account assets, our tender offer documents or proxy materials disclosing the business combination would disclose the terms of the financing and, only if required by law, we would seek stockholder approval of such financing. There are no prohibitions on our ability to raise funds privately, or through loans in connection with our initial business combination. At this time, we are not a party to any arrangement or understanding with any third party with respect to raising any additional funds through the sale of securities or otherwise.

Sources of Target Businesses

Target business candidates are brought to our attention from various unaffiliated sources, including investment market participants, private equity groups, investment banking firms, consultants, accounting firms and large business enterprises. Target businesses may be brought to our attention by such unaffiliated sources as a result of being solicited by us through calls or mailings. These sources may also introduce us to target businesses in which they think we may be interested on an unsolicited basis, since many of these sources will have read our initial public offering’s prospectus and know what types of businesses we are targeting. Our officers and directors, as well as their affiliates, may also bring to our attention target business candidates that they become aware of through their business contacts as a result of formal or informal inquiries or discussions they may have, as well as attending trade shows or conventions. In addition, we expect to receive a number of proprietary deal flow opportunities that would not otherwise necessarily be available to us as a result of the business relationships of our officers and directors. While we do not presently anticipate engaging the services of professional firms or other individuals that specialize in business acquisitions on any formal basis, we may engage these firms or other individuals in the future, in which event we may pay a finder’s fee, consulting fee or other compensation to be determined in an arm’s length negotiation based on the terms of the transaction. We will engage a finder only to the extent

our management determines that the use of a finder may bring opportunities to us that may not otherwise be available to us or if finders approach us on an unsolicited basis with a potential transaction that our management determines is in our best interest to pursue. Payment of finder’s fees is customarily tied to completion of a transaction, in which case any such fee will be paid out of the funds held in the trust account. In no event, however, will our sponsor or any of our existing officers or directors, or any entity with which they are affiliated, be paid any finder’s fee, consulting fee or other compensation prior to, or for any services they render in order to effectuate, the completion of our initial business combination (regardless of the type of transaction that it is). We have agreed to pay our sponsor or its affiliate a total of $10,000 per month for office space, utilities, secretarial support and administrative services and to reimburse our sponsor for anyout-of-pocket expenses related to identifying, investigation and completing an initial business combination. We may also make payments to personnel affiliated with our sponsor, or reimburse affiliates of our sponsor for the use of personnel, who are not our directors or executive officers, for services related to identifying, investigating and completing an initial business combination. Some of our officers and directors may enter into employment or consulting agreements with the post-transaction company following our initial business combination. The presence or absence of any such fees or arrangements will not be used as a criterion in our selection process of an acquisition candidate.

We are not prohibited from pursuing an initial business combination with a business combination target that is affiliated with our sponsor, officers or directors or making the acquisition through a joint venture or other form of shared ownership with our sponsor, officers or directors. In the event we seek to complete our initial business combination with a business combination target that is affiliated with our sponsor, officers or directors, we, or a committee of independent directors, would obtain an opinion from an independent investment banking firm which is a member of FINRA or an independent accounting firm that such an initial business combination is fair to our company from a financial point of view. We are not required to obtain such an opinion in any other context.

If any of our officers or directors becomes aware of a business combination opportunity that falls within the line of business of any entity to which he or she haspre-existing fiduciary or contractual obligations, he or she may be required to present such business combination opportunity to such entity prior to presenting such business combination opportunity to us. Our officers and directors currently have certain relevant fiduciary duties or contractual obligations that may take priority over their duties to us.

Selection of a Target Business and Structuring of our Initial Business Combination

Our initial business combination must occur with one or more target businesses that together have an aggregate fair market value of at least 80% of our assets held in the trust account (excluding the deferred underwriting fees and taxes payable on the income earned on the trust account) at the time of the agreement to enter into the initial business combination. The fair market value of the target or targets will be determined by our board of directors based upon one or more standards generally accepted by the financial community, such as discounted cash flow valuation or value of comparable businesses. If our board is not able to independently determine the fair market value of the target business or businesses, we will obtain an opinion from an independent investment banking firm that is a member of FINRA, or from an independent accounting firm, with respect to the satisfaction of such criteria. We do not intend to purchase multiple businesses in unrelated industries in conjunction with our initial business combination. Subject to this requirement, our management will have virtually unrestricted flexibility in identifying and selecting one or more prospective target businesses, although we will not be permitted to effectuate our initial business combination with another blank check company or a similar company with nominal operations.

In any case, we will only complete an initial business combination in which we own or acquire 50% or more of the outstanding voting securities of the target or otherwise acquire a controlling interest in the target sufficient for it not to be required to register as an investment company under the Investment Company Act. If we own or acquire less than 100% of the equity interests or assets of a target business or businesses, the portion of such business or businesses that are owned or acquired by the post-transaction company is what will be valued for purposes of the 80% of net assets test. There is no basis for our investors to evaluate the possible merits or risks of any target business with which we may ultimately complete our business combination.

To the extent we effect our initial business combination with a company or business that may be financially unstable or in its early stages of development or growth we may be affected by numerous risks inherent in such company or business. Although our management will endeavor to evaluate the risks inherent in a particular target business, we cannot assure you that we will properly ascertain or assess all significant risk factors.

In evaluating a prospective target business, we expect to conduct a thorough due diligence review, which will encompass, among other things, meetings with incumbent management and employees, document reviews, interviews of customers and suppliers, inspection of facilities, as well as a review of financial and other information that will be made available to us.

The time required to select and evaluate a target business and to structure and complete our initial business combination, and the costs associated with this process, are not currently ascertainable with any degree of certainty. Any costs incurred with respect to the identification and evaluation of a prospective target business with which our business combination is not ultimately completed will result in our incurring losses and will reduce the funds we can use to complete another business combination.

Lack of Business Diversification

For an indefinite period of time after the completion of our initial business combination, the prospects for our success may depend entirely on the future performance of a single business. Unlike other entities that have the resources to complete business combinations with multiple entities in one or several industries, it is probable that we will not have the resources to diversify our operations and mitigate the risks of being in a single line of business. In addition, we intend to focus our search for an initial business combination in a single industry. By completing our business combination with only a single entity, our lack of diversification may:

subject us to negative economic, competitive and regulatory developments, any or all of which may have a substantial adverse impact on the particular industry in which we operate after our initial business combination, and

cause us to depend on the marketing and sale of a single product or limited number of products or services.

Limited Ability to Evaluate the Target’s Management Team

Although we intend to closely scrutinize the management of a prospective target business when evaluating the desirability of effecting our initial business combination with that business, our assessment of the target business’ management may not prove to be correct. In addition, the future management may not have the necessary skills, qualifications or abilities to manage a public company. Furthermore, the future role of members of our management team, if any, in the target business cannot presently be stated with any certainty. While it is possible that one or more of our directors will remain associated in some capacity with us following our business combination, it is unlikely that any of them will devote their full efforts to our affairs subsequent to our business combination. Moreover, we cannot assure you that members of our management team will have significant experience or knowledge relating to the operations of the particular target business.

We cannot assure you that any of our key personnel will remain in senior management or advisory positions with the combined company. The determination as to whether any of our key personnel will remain with the combined company will be made at the time of our initial business combination.

Following a business combination, we may seek to recruit additional managers to supplement the incumbent management of the target business. We cannot assure you that we will have the ability to recruit additional managers, or that additional managers will have the requisite skills, knowledge or experience necessary to enhance the incumbent management.

Stockholders May Not Have the Ability to Approve our Initial Business Combination

We may conduct redemptions without a stockholder vote pursuant to the tender offer rules of the SEC. However, we will seek stockholder approval if it is required by law or applicable stock exchange rule, or we may decide to seek stockholder approval for business or other legal reasons. Presented in the table below is a graphic explanation of the types of initial business combinations we may consider and whether stockholder approval is currently required under Delaware law for each such transaction.

Type of Transaction

Whether
Stockholder
Approval is
Required

Purchase of assets

No

Purchase of stock of target not involving a merger with the company

No

Merger of target into a subsidiary of the company

No

Merger of the company with a target

Yes

Under the NYSE’s listing rules, stockholder approval would be required for our initial business combination if, for example:

we issue shares of Class A common stock that will be equal to or in excess of 20% of the number of shares of our Class A common stock then outstanding;

any of our directors, officers or substantial security holders (as defined by the NYSE rules) has a 5% or greater interest, directly or indirectly, in the target business or assets to be acquired and if the number of shares of common stock to be issued, or if the number of shares of common stock into which the securities may be convertible or exercisable, exceeds either (a) 1% of the number of shares of common stock or 1% of the voting power outstanding before the issuance in the case of any of our directors or officers or (b) 5% of the number of shares of common stock or 5% of the voting power outstanding before the issuance in the case of any substantial security holders; or

the issuance or potential issuance of common stock will result in our undergoing a change of control.

Permitted Purchases of our Securities

In the event we seek stockholder approval of our initial business combination and we do not conduct redemptions in connection with our initial business combination pursuant to the tender offer rules, our sponsor, directors, officers, advisors or any of their affiliates may purchase public shares in privately negotiated transactions or in the open market either prior to or following the completion of our initial business combination. However, they have no current commitments, plans or intentions to engage in such transactions and have not formulated any terms or conditions for any such transactions. None of the funds in the trust account will be used to purchase public shares in such transactions. If they engage in such transactions, they will not make any such purchases when they are in possession of any materialnon-public information not disclosed to the seller or if such purchases are prohibited by Regulation M under the Exchange Act. Such a purchase may include a contractual acknowledgement that such stockholder, although still the record holder of our shares is no longer the beneficial owner thereof and therefore agrees not to exercise its redemption rights. Subsequent to the consummation of the initial public offering, we adopted an insider trading policy which requires insiders to: (i) refrain from purchasing securities during certain blackout periods and when they are in possession of any materialnon-public information; and (ii) to clear all trades with our legal counsel prior to execution. We cannot currently determine whether our insiders will make such purchases pursuant to a Rule10b5-1 plan, as it will be dependent upon several factors, including but not limited to, the timing and size of such purchases. Depending on such circumstances, our insiders may either make such purchases pursuant to a Rule10b5-1 plan or determine that such a plan is not necessary.

In the event that our sponsor, directors, officers, advisors or any of their affiliates purchase public shares in privately negotiated transactions from public stockholders who have already elected to exercise their redemption rights or submitted a proxy to vote against our initial business combination, such selling stockholders would be required to revoke their prior elections to redeem their shares and any proxy to vote against our initial business combination. We do not currently anticipate that such purchases, if any, would constitute a tender offer subject to the tender offer rules under the Exchange Act or a going-private transaction subject to the going-private rules under the Exchange Act; however, if the purchasers determine at the time of any such purchases that the purchases are subject to such rules, the purchasers will comply with such rules.

The purpose of such purchases would be to vote such shares in favor of the business combination and thereby increase the likelihood of obtaining stockholder approval of our initial business combination or to satisfy a closing condition in an agreement with a target that requires us to have a minimum net worth or a certain amount of cash at the closing of our initial business combination, where it appears that such requirement would otherwise not be met. This may result in the completion of our initial business combination that may not otherwise have been possible.

In addition, if such purchases are made, the public “float” of our common stock may be reduced and the number of beneficial holders of our securities may be reduced, which may make it difficult to maintain or obtain the quotation, listing or trading of our securities on a national securities exchange.

Our sponsor, directors, officers, advisors and/or any of their affiliates anticipate that they may identify the stockholders with whom our sponsor, directors, officers, advisors or any of their affiliates may pursue privately negotiated purchases by either the stockholders contacting us directly or by our receipt of redemption requests submitted by stockholders following our mailing of proxy materials in connection with our initial business combination. To the extent that our sponsor, directors, officers, advisors or any of their affiliates enter into a private purchase, they would identify and contact only potential selling stockholders who have expressed their election to redeem their shares for a pro rata share of the trust account or vote against our initial business combination, whether or not such stockholder has already submitted a proxy with respect to our initial business combination but only if such shares have not already been voted at the stockholder meeting related to our initial business combination. Our sponsor, officers, directors, advisors or any of their affiliates will select which stockholders to purchase shares from based on the negotiated price and number of shares and any other factors that they may deem relevant, and will only purchase shares if such purchases comply with Regulation M under the Exchange Act and the other federal securities laws.

Any purchases by our sponsor or its affiliates who are affiliated purchasers under Rule10b-18 under the Exchange Act will only be made to the extent such purchases are able to be made in compliance with Rule10b-18, which is a safe harbor from liability for manipulation under Section 9(a)(2) and Rule10b-5 of the Exchange Act. Rule10b-18 has certain technical requirements that must be complied with in order for the safe harbor to be available to the purchaser. Our sponsor, officers, directors and/or any of their affiliates will not make purchases of common stock if the purchases would violate Section 9(a)(2) or Rule10b-5 of the Exchange Act. Any such purchases will be reported pursuant to Section 13 and Section 16 of the Exchange Act to the extent such purchasers are subject to such reporting requirements.

Redemption Rights for Public Stockholders upon Completion of our Initial Business Combination

We will provide our public stockholders with the opportunity to redeem all or a portion of their shares of common stock upon the completion of our initial business combination at a per share price, payable in cash, equal to the aggregate amount then on deposit in the trust account as of two business days prior to the consummation of the initial business combination, including interest (which interest shall be net of taxes payable), divided by the number of then outstanding public shares, subject to the limitations described herein. The amount in the trust account is initially anticipated to be $10.00 per public share. The per share amount we will distribute to investors who properly redeem their shares will not be reduced by the deferred underwriting fees we will pay to the underwriters. Our sponsor, officers and directors have entered into a letter agreement with us, pursuant to which they have agreed to waive their redemption rights with respect to any founder shares and any public shares held by them in connection with the completion of our initial business combination.

Manner of Conducting Redemptions

We will provide our public stockholders with the opportunity to redeem all or a portion of their shares of Class A common stock upon the completion of our initial business combination either (i) in connection with a stockholder meeting called to approve the business combination or (ii) by means of a tender offer. The decision as to whether we will seek stockholder approval of a proposed business combination or conduct a tender offer will be made by us, solely in our discretion, and will be based on a variety of factors such as the timing of the transaction and whether the terms of the transaction would require us to seek stockholder approval under the law or stock exchange listing requirement. Asset acquisitions and stock purchases would not typically require stockholder approval while direct mergers with our company where we do not survive and any transactions where we issue more than 20% of our outstanding common stock or seek to amend our amended and restated certificate of incorporation would require stockholder approval. If we structure a business combination transaction with a target company in a manner that requires stockholder approval, we will not have discretion as to whether to seek a stockholder vote to approve the proposed business combination. We intend to conduct redemptions without a stockholder vote pursuant to the tender offer rules of the SEC unless stockholder approval is required by law or stock exchange listing requirements or we choose to seek stockholder approval for business or other legal reasons.

If a stockholder vote is not required and we do not decide to hold a stockholder vote for business or other legal reasons, we will, pursuant to our amended and restated certificate of incorporation:

conduct the redemptions pursuant to Rule13e-4 and Regulation 14E of the Exchange Act, which regulate issuer tender offers, and

file tender offer documents with the SEC prior to completing our initial business combination which contain substantially the same financial and other information about the initial business combination and the redemption rights as is required under Regulation 14A of the Exchange Act, which regulates the solicitation of proxies.

Upon theFD. Accordingly, investors should monitor our investor relations website, in addition to following press releases, SEC filings and public announcement of our business combination, we or our sponsor will terminate any plan established in accordance with Rule10b5-1 to purchase shares of our Class A common stock in the open market if we elect to redeem our public shares through a tender offer, to comply with Rule14e-5 under the Exchange Act.

In the event we conduct redemptions pursuant to the tender offer rules, our offer to redeem will remain open for at least 20 business days, in accordance with Rule14e-1(a) under the Exchange Act,conference calls and we will not be permitted to complete our initial business combination until the expiration of the tender offer period. In addition, the tender offer will be conditioned on public stockholders not tendering more than a specified number of public shares which are not purchased by our sponsor, which number will be based on the requirement that we may not redeem public shares in an amount that would cause our net tangible assets to be less than $5,000,001 (so that we are not subject to the SEC’s “penny stock” rules) or any greater net tangible asset or cash requirement which may be contained in the agreement relating to our initial business combination. If public stockholders tender more shares than we have offered to purchase, we will withdraw the tender offer and not complete the initial business combination.

If, however, stockholder approval of the transaction is required by law or stock exchange listing requirement, or we decide to obtain stockholder approval for business or other legal reasons, we will, pursuant to our amended and restated certificate of incorporation:

webcasts.

conduct the redemptions in conjunction with a proxy solicitation pursuant to Regulation 14A of the Exchange Act, which regulates the solicitation of proxies, and not pursuant to the tender offer rules, and


file proxy materials with the SEC.

In the event that we seek stockholder approval of our initial business combination, we will distribute proxy materials and, in connection therewith, provide our public stockholders with the redemption rights described above upon completion of the initial business combination.

If we seek stockholder approval, we will complete our initial business combination only if a majority of the outstanding shares of common stock voted are voted in favor of the business combination. A quorum for such meeting will consist of the holders present in person or by proxy of shares of outstanding capital stock of the company representing a majority of the voting power of all outstanding shares of capital stock of the company entitled to vote at such meeting. Our sponsor will count towards this quorum and has agreed to vote its founder shares and any public shares it may acquire in favor of our initial business combination. Our directors and officers also have agreed to vote in favor of our initial business combination with respect to any public shares acquired by them (if any). These quorum and voting thresholds, and the voting agreements of our sponsor, may make it more likely that we will consummate our initial business combination. Each public stockholder may elect to redeem its public shares irrespective of whether they vote for or against the proposed transaction. Our sponsor, officers and directors have entered into a letter agreement with us, pursuant to which they have agreed to waive their redemption rights with respect to any founder shares and any public shares held by them in connection with the completion of our initial business combination.

Our amended and restated certificate of incorporation provides that in no event will we redeem our public shares in an amount that would cause our net tangible assets to be less than $5,000,001 (so that we are not subject to the SEC’s “penny stock” rules) or any greater net tangible asset or cash requirement which may be contained in the agreement relating to our initial business combination. For example, the proposed business combination may require: (i) cash consideration to be paid to the target or its owners, (ii) cash to be transferred to the target for working capital or other general corporate purposes or (iii) the retention of cash to satisfy other conditions in accordance with the terms of

the proposed business combination. In the event the aggregate cash consideration we would be required to pay for all shares of Class A common stock that are validly submitted for redemption plus any amount required to satisfy cash conditions pursuant to the terms of the proposed business combination exceed the aggregate amount of cash available to us, we will not complete the business combination or redeem any shares, and all shares of Class A common stock submitted for redemption will be returned to the holders thereof.

Limitation on Redemption upon Completion of our Initial Business Combination if we Seek Stockholder Approval

Notwithstanding the foregoing, if we seek stockholder approval of our initial business combination and we do not conduct redemptions in connection with our initial business combination pursuant to the tender offer rules, our amended and restated certificate of incorporation provides that a public stockholder, together with any affiliate of such stockholder or any other person with whom such stockholder is acting in concert or as a “group” (as defined under Section 13 of the Exchange Act), will be restricted from seeking redemption rights with respect to Excess Shares. We believe this restriction will discourage stockholders from accumulating large blocks of shares, and subsequent attempts by such holders to use their ability to exercise their redemption rights against a proposed business combination as a means to force us or our sponsor or its affiliates to purchase their shares at a significant premium to the then-current market price or on other undesirable terms. Absent this provision, a public stockholder holding more than an aggregate of 15% of the shares issued in the initial public offering could threaten to exercise its redemption rights if such holder’s shares are not purchased by our sponsor or its affiliates at a premium to the then-current market price or on other undesirable terms. By limiting our stockholders’ ability to redeem no more than 15% of the shares issued in the initial public offering, we believe we will limit the ability of a small group of stockholders to unreasonably attempt to block our ability to complete our initial business combination, particularly in connection with a business combination with a target that requires as a closing condition that we have a minimum net worth or a certain amount of cash. However, we would not be restricting our stockholders’ ability to vote all of their shares (including Excess Shares) for or against our initial business combination.

Tendering Stock Certificates in Connection with a Tender Offer or Redemption Rights

We may require our public stockholders seeking to exercise their redemption rights, whether they are record holders or hold their shares in “street name,” to either tender their certificates to our transfer agent prior to the date set forth in the tender offer documents or proxy materials mailed to such holders or up to two business days prior to the vote on the proposal to approve the business combination in the event we distribute proxy materials or to deliver their shares to the transfer agent electronically using The Depository Trust Company’s DWAC (Deposit and Withdrawal at Custodian) System, at the holder’s option. The tender offer or proxy materials, as applicable, that we will furnish to holders of our public shares in connection with our initial business combination will indicate whether we are requiring public stockholders to satisfy such delivery requirements. Accordingly, a public stockholder would have from the time we send out our tender offer materials until the close of the tender offer period, or up to two days prior to the vote on the business combination if we distribute proxy materials, as applicable, to tender its shares if it wishes to seek to exercise its redemption rights. Given the relatively short exercise period, it is advisable for stockholders to use electronic delivery of their public shares.

There is a nominal cost associated with the above-referenced tendering process and the act of certificating the shares or delivering them through the DWAC System. The transfer agent will typically charge the tendering broker $80.00 and it would be up to the broker whether or not to pass this cost on to the redeeming holder. However, this fee would be incurred regardless of whether or not we require holders seeking to exercise redemption rights to tender their shares. The need to deliver shares is a requirement of exercising redemption rights regardless of the timing of when such delivery must be effectuated.

The foregoing is different from the procedures used by many blank check companies. In order to perfect redemption rights in connection with their business combinations, many blank check companies would distribute proxy materials for the stockholders’ vote on an initial business combination, and a holder could simply vote against a proposed business combination and check a box on the proxy card indicating such holder was seeking to exercise his or her redemption rights. After the business combination was approved, the company would contact such stockholder to arrange for him or her to deliver his or her certificate to verify ownership. As a result, the stockholder then had an “option window” after the completion of the business combination during which he or she could monitor the price of the company’s stock in the market. If the price rose above the redemption price, he or she could sell his or her shares in the open market before actually delivering his or her shares to the company for cancellation. As a result, the redemption rights, to which stockholders were aware they needed to commit before the stockholder meeting, would become “option” rights surviving past the completion of the business combination until the redeeming holder delivered its certificate. The requirement for physical or electronic delivery prior to the meeting ensures that a redeeming holder’s election to redeem is irrevocable once the business combination is approved.

Any request to redeem such shares, once made, may be withdrawn at any time up to the date set forth in the tender offer materials or the date of the stockholder meeting set forth in our proxy materials, as applicable. Furthermore, if a holder of a public share delivered its certificate in connection with an election of redemption rights and subsequently decides prior to the applicable date not to elect to exercise such rights, such holder may simply request that the transfer agent return the certificate (physically or electronically). It is anticipated that the funds to be distributed to holders of our public shares electing to redeem their shares will be distributed promptly after the completion of our initial business combination.

If our initial business combination is not approved or completed for any reason, then our public stockholders who elected to exercise their redemption rights would not be entitled to redeem their shares for the applicable pro rata share of the trust account. In such case, we will promptly return any certificates delivered by public holders who elected to redeem their shares.

If our initial proposed business combination is not completed, we may continue to try to complete a business combination with a different target until 24 months from the closing of our initial public offering.

Redemption of Public Shares and Liquidation if no Initial Business Combination

Our sponsor, officers and directors have agreed that we will have until November 5, 2021 to complete our initial business combination. If we are unable to complete our business combination within such24-month period, we will: (i) cease all operations except for the purpose of winding up, (ii) as promptly as reasonably possible but not more than ten business days thereafter, redeem the public shares, at aper-share price, payable in cash, equal to the aggregate amount then on deposit in the trust account including interest earned on the funds held in the trust account and not previously released to us to pay our franchise and income taxes (less up to $100,000 of interest to pay dissolution expenses), divided by the number of then outstanding public shares, which redemption will completely extinguish public stockholders’ rights as stockholders (including the right to receive further liquidating distributions, if any), subject to applicable law, and (iii) as promptly as reasonably possible following such redemption, subject to the approval of our remaining stockholders and our board of directors, dissolve and liquidate, subject in each case to our obligations under Delaware law to provide for claims of creditors and the requirements of other applicable law. There will be no redemption rights or liquidating distributions with respect to our warrants, which will expire worthless if we fail to complete our business combination within the24-month time period.

Our sponsor, officers and directors have entered into a letter agreement with us, pursuant to which they have waived their rights to liquidating distributions from the trust account with respect to any founder shares held by them if we fail to complete our initial business combination within 24 months from the closing of the initial public offering. However, if our sponsor, officers and directors acquired public shares in or after the initial public offering, they will be entitled to liquidating distributions from the trust account with respect to such public shares if we fail to complete our initial business combination within the allotted24-month time period.

Our sponsor, officers and directors have agreed, pursuant to a written agreement with us, that they will not propose any amendment to our amended and restated certificate of incorporation (a) that would modify the substance or timing of our obligation to redeem 100% of our public shares if we do not complete our initial business combination within 24 months from the closing of the initial public offering or (b) with respect to any other provision relating to stockholders’ rights orpre-initial business combination activity, unless we provide our public stockholders with the opportunity to redeem their shares of Class A common stock upon approval of any such amendment at aper-share price, payable in cash, equal to the aggregate amount then on deposit in the trust account including interest earned on the funds held in the trust account and not previously released to us to pay our franchise and income taxes divided by the number of then outstanding public shares. However, we may not redeem our public shares in an amount that would cause our net tangible assets to be less than $5,000,001 (so that we are not subject to the SEC’s “penny stock” rules).

We expect that all costs and expenses associated with implementing our plan of dissolution, as well as payments to any creditors, will be funded from amounts remaining out of the approximately $1.1 million of proceeds held outside the trust account, although we cannot assure you that there will be sufficient funds for such purpose. However, if those funds are not sufficient to cover the costs and expenses associated with implementing our plan of dissolution, to the extent that there is any interest accrued in the trust account not required to pay franchise and income taxes on interest income earned on the trust account balance, we may request the trustee to release to us an additional amount of up to $100,000 of such accrued interest to pay those costs and expenses.

If we were to expend all of the net proceeds of the initial public offering and the sale of the private placement warrants, other than the proceeds deposited in the trust account, and without taking into account interest, if any, earned on the trust account, theper-share redemption amount received by stockholders upon our dissolution would be approximately $10.00. The proceeds deposited in the trust account could, however, become subject to the claims of our creditors which would have higher priority than the claims of our public stockholders. We cannot assure you that the actualper-share redemption amount received by stockholders will not be substantially less than $10.00. Under Section 281(b) of the DGCL, our plan of dissolution must provide for all claims against us to be paid in full or make provision for payments to be made in full, as applicable, if there are sufficient assets. These claims must be paid or provided for before we make any distribution of our remaining assets to our stockholders. While we intend to pay such amounts, if any, we cannot assure you that we will have funds sufficient to pay or provide for all creditors’ claims.

Although we will seek to have all vendors, service providers (other than our independent auditors), prospective target businesses or other entities with which we do business execute agreements with us waiving any right, title, interest or claim of any kind in or to any monies held in the trust account for the benefit of our public stockholders, there is no guarantee that they will execute such agreements or even if they execute such agreements that they would be prevented from bringing claims against the trust account including but not limited to fraudulent inducement, breach of fiduciary responsibility or other similar claims, as well as claims challenging the enforceability of the waiver, in each case in order to gain an advantage with respect to a claim against our assets, including the funds held in the trust account. If any third party refuses to execute an agreement waiving such claims to the monies held in the trust account, our management will perform an analysis of the alternatives available to it and will only enter into an agreement with a third party that has not executed a waiver if management believes that such third party’s engagement would be significantly more beneficial to us than any alternative. Examples of possible instances where we may engage a third party that refuses to execute a waiver include the engagement of a third party consultant whose particular expertise or skills are believed by management to be significantly superior to those of other consultants that would agree to execute a waiver or in cases where management is unable to find a service provider willing to execute a waiver.

In addition, there is no guarantee that such entities will agree to waive any claims they may have in the future as a result of, or arising out of, any negotiations, contracts or agreements with us and will not seek recourse against the trust account for any reason. Mr. Jonathan Cohen has agreed that he will be liable to us if and to the extent any claims by a vendor for services rendered or products sold to us, or a prospective target business with which we have discussed entering into a definitive agreement for a business combination, reduce the amount of funds in the trust account to below (i) $10.00 per public share or (ii) such lesser amount per public share held in the trust account as of the date of the liquidation of the trust account due to reductions in the value of the trust assets, in each case net of the interest which may be withdrawn to pay our franchise and income taxes, except as to any claims by a third party who executed a waiver of any and all rights to seek access to the trust account and except as to any claims under our indemnity of the underwriters of the initial public offering against certain liabilities, including liabilities under the Securities Act. Moreover, in the event that an executed waiver is deemed to be unenforceable against a third party, Mr. Cohen will not be responsible to the extent of any liability for such third party claims. We have not independently verified whether Mr. Cohen has sufficient funds to satisfy his indemnity obligation. We have not asked Mr. Cohen to reserve for such eventuality. As a result, if any such claims were successfully made against the trust account, the funds available for our initial business combination and redemptions could be reduced to less than $10.00 per public share. In such event, we may not be able to complete our initial business combination, and you would receive such lesser amount per share in connection with any redemption of your public shares. None of our other directors or officers will indemnify us for claims by third parties including, without limitation, claims by vendors and prospective target businesses.

In the event that the proceeds in the trust account are reduced below (i) $10.00 per public share or (ii) such lesser amount per public share held in the trust account as of the date of the liquidation of the trust account, due to reductions in value of the trust assets, in each case net of the amount of interest which may be withdrawn to pay our franchise and income taxes, and Mr. Cohen asserts that he is unable to satisfy his indemnification obligation or that he has no indemnification obligation related to a particular claim, our independent directors would determine whether to take legal action against Mr. Cohen to enforce his indemnification obligation. While we currently expect that our independent directors would take legal action on our behalf against Mr. Cohen to enforce his indemnification obligation to us, it is possible that our independent directors in exercising their business judgment may choose not to do so if, for example, the cost of such legal action is deemed by the independent directors to be too high relative to the amount recoverable or if the independent directors determine that a favorable outcome is not likely. We have not asked Mr. Cohen to reserve for such indemnification obligation and we cannot assure you that he would be able to satisfy that obligation. Accordingly, we cannot assure you that due to claims of creditors the actual value of theper-share redemption price will not be less than $10.00 per public share.

We seek to reduce the possibility that Mr. Cohen will have to indemnify the trust account due to claims of creditors by endeavoring to have all vendors, service providers (other than our independent auditors), prospective target businesses or other entities with which we do business execute agreements with us waiving any right, title, interest or claim of any kind in or to monies held in the trust account. Mr. Cohen will also not be liable as to any claims under our indemnity of the underwriters of the initial public offering against certain liabilities, including liabilities under the Securities Act. We have access to up to approximately $1.1 million (as of December 31, 2019) from the proceeds of the initial public offering with which to pay any such potential claims (including costs and expenses incurred in connection with our liquidation, currently estimated to be no more than approximately $100,000). In the event that we liquidate and it is subsequently determined that the reserve for claims and liabilities is insufficient, stockholders who received funds from our trust account could be liable for claims made by creditors.

Under the DGCL, stockholders may be held liable for claims by third parties against a corporation to the extent of distributions received by them in a dissolution. The pro rata portion of our trust account distributed to our public stockholders upon the redemption of our public shares in the event we do not complete our business combination within 24 months from the closing of the initial public offering may be considered a liquidating distribution under Delaware law. If the corporation complies with certain procedures set forth in Section 280 of the DGCL intended to ensure that it makes reasonable provision for all claims against it, including a60-day notice period during which any third-party claims can be brought against the corporation, a90-day period during which the corporation may reject any claims brought, and an additional150-day waiting period before any liquidating distributions are made to stockholders, any liability of stockholders with respect to a liquidating distribution is limited to the lesser of such stockholder’s pro rata share of the claim or the amount distributed to the stockholder, and any liability of the stockholder would be barred after the third anniversary of the dissolution.

Furthermore, if the pro rata portion of our trust account distributed to our public stockholders upon the redemption of our public shares in the event we do not complete our business combination by November 5, 2021, is not considered a liquidating distribution under Delaware law and such redemption distribution is deemed to be unlawful, then pursuant to Section 174 of the DGCL, the statute of limitations for claims of creditors could then be six years after the unlawful redemption distribution, instead of three years, as in the case of a liquidating distribution. If we are unable to complete our business combination by November 5, 2021, we will: (i) cease all operations except for the purpose of winding up, (ii) as promptly as reasonably possible but not more than ten business days thereafter, redeem the public shares, at aper-share price, payable in cash, equal to the aggregate amount then on deposit in the trust account including interest earned on the funds held in the trust account and not previously released to us to pay our franchise and income taxes (less up to $100,000 of interest to pay dissolution expenses), divided by the number of then outstanding public shares, which redemption will completely extinguish public stockholders’ rights as stockholders (including the right to receive further liquidating distributions, if any), subject to applicable law, and (iii) as promptly as reasonably possible following such redemption, subject to the approval of our remaining stockholders and our board of directors, dissolve and liquidate, subject in each case to our obligations under Delaware law to provide for claims of creditors and the requirements of other applicable law. Accordingly, it is our intention

to redeem our public shares as soon as reasonably possible following November 5, 2021 and, therefore, we do not intend to comply with those procedures. As such, our stockholders could potentially be liable for any claims to the extent of distributions received by them (but no more) and any liability of our stockholders may extend well beyond the third anniversary of such date.

Because we will not be complying with Section 280, Section 281(b) of the DGCL requires us to adopt a plan, based on facts known to us at such time that will provide for our payment of all existing and pending claims or claims that may be potentially brought against us within the subsequent 10 years. However, because we are a blank check company, rather than an operating company, and our operations will be limited to searching for prospective target businesses to acquire, the only likely claims to arise would be from our vendors (such as lawyers, investment bankers, etc.) or prospective target businesses. As described above, pursuant to the obligation contained in our underwriting agreement, we will seek to have all vendors, service providers (other than our independent auditors), prospective target businesses or other entities with which we do business execute agreements with us waiving any right, title, interest or claim of any kind in or to any monies held in the trust account. As a result of this obligation, the claims that could be made against us are significantly limited and the likelihood that any claim that would result in any liability extending to the trust account is remote. Further, Mr. Cohen may be liable only to the extent necessary to ensure that the amounts in the trust account are not reduced below (i) $10.00 per public share or (ii) such lesser amount per public share held in the trust account as of the date of the liquidation of the trust account, due to reductions in value of the trust assets, in each case net of the amount of interest withdrawn to pay our franchise and income taxes and will not be liable as to any claims under our indemnity of the underwriters of the initial public offering against certain liabilities, including liabilities under the Securities Act. In the event that an executed waiver is deemed to be unenforceable against a third party, Mr. Cohen will not be responsible to the extent of any liability for such third-party claims.

If we file a bankruptcy petition or an involuntary bankruptcy petition is filed against us that is not dismissed, the proceeds held in the trust account could be subject to applicable bankruptcy law, and may be included in our bankruptcy estate and subject to the claims of third parties with priority over the claims of our stockholders. To the extent any bankruptcy claims deplete the trust account, we cannot assure you we will be able to return $10.00 per share to our public stockholders. Additionally, if we file a bankruptcy petition or an involuntary bankruptcy petition is filed against us that is not dismissed, any distributions received by stockholders could be viewed under applicable debtor/creditor and/or bankruptcy laws as either a “preferential transfer” or a “fraudulent conveyance.” As a result, a bankruptcy court could seek to recover all amounts received by our stockholders. Furthermore, our board may be viewed as having breached its fiduciary duty to our creditors and/or may have acted in bad faith, and thereby exposing itself and our company to claims of punitive damages, by paying public stockholders from the trust account prior to addressing the claims of creditors. We cannot assure you that claims will not be brought against us for these reasons.

Our public stockholders are entitled to receive funds from the trust account only in the event of the redemption of our public shares if we do not complete our business combination by November 5, 2021 or if they redeem their respective shares for cash upon the completion of the initial business combination. In no other circumstances will a stockholder have any right or interest of any kind to or in the trust account. In the event we seek stockholder approval in connection with our initial business combination, a stockholder’s voting in connection with the business combination alone will not result in a stockholder’s redeeming its shares to us for an applicable pro rata share of the trust account. Such stockholder must have also exercised its redemption rights described above.

Competition

In identifying, evaluating and selecting a target business for our business combination, we may encounter intense competition from other entities having a business objective similar to ours, including other blank check companies, private equity groups and leveraged buyout funds, and operating businesses seeking strategic acquisitions. Many of these entities are well established and have extensive experience identifying and effecting business combinations directly or through affiliates. Moreover, many of these competitors possess greater financial, technical, human and other resources than we do. Our ability to acquire larger target businesses will be limited by our available financial resources. This inherent limitation gives others an advantage in pursuing the acquisition of a target business. Furthermore, our obligation to pay cash in connection with our public stockholders who exercise their redemption rights may reduce the resources available to us for our initial business combination and our outstanding warrants, and the future dilution they potentially represent, may not be viewed favorably by certain target businesses. Either of these factors may place us at a competitive disadvantage in successfully negotiating an initial business combination.

Facilities

Our executive offices are located at 1845 Walnut Street, Suite 1111, Philadelphia, PA 19103. The cost for our use of this space is included in the $10,000 per month fee we will pay to our sponsor or its affiliate for office space, utilities, secretarial support and administrative services. We consider our current office space adequate for our current operations.

Employees

We currently have five officers. Members of our management team are not obligated to devote any specific number of hours to our matters but they intend to devote as much of their time as they deem necessary to our affairs until we have completed our initial business combination. The amount of time that any such person will devote in any time period will vary based on whether a target business has been selected for our initial business combination and the current stage of the business combination process.

Periodic Reporting and Financial Information

We have registered our units, Class A common stock and warrants under the Exchange Act and have reporting obligations, including the requirement that we file annual, quarterly and current reports with the SEC. In accordance with the requirements of the Exchange Act, our annual reports will contain financial statements audited and reported on by our independent registered public accountants. The SEC maintains an Internet site that contains reports, proxy and information statements, and other information regarding issuers that file electronically with the SEC at http://www.sec.gov.

We will provide stockholders with audited financial statements of the prospective target business as part of the tender offer materials or proxy solicitation materials sent to stockholders to assist them in assessing the target business. In all likelihood, these financial statements will need to be prepared in accordance with, or reconciled to, accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America, or GAAP, or international financing reporting standards, or IFRS, depending on the circumstances. We cannot assure you that any particular target business identified by us as a potential acquisition candidate will have the necessary financial statements. To the extent that this requirement cannot be met, we may not be able to acquire the proposed target business. While this may limit the pool of potential acquisition candidates, we do not believe that this limitation will be material.

We will be required to evaluate our internal control procedures for the fiscal year ending December 31, 2020 as required by the Sarbanes-Oxley Act. Only in the event we are deemed to no longer be an “emerging growth company” will we be required to have our internal control procedures audited. A target company may not be in compliance with the provisions of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act regarding adequacy of their internal controls. The development of the internal controls of any such entity to achieve compliance with the Sarbanes-Oxley Act may increase the time and costs necessary to complete any such acquisition.

We are an “emerging growth company,” as defined in Section 2(a) of the Securities Act, as modified by the JOBS Act. As such, we are eligible to take advantage of certain exemptions from various reporting requirements that are applicable to other public companies that are not “emerging growth companies” including, but not limited to, not being required to comply with the auditor attestation requirements of Section 404 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act, reduced disclosure obligations regarding executive compensation in our periodic reports and proxy statements, and exemptions from the requirements of holding anon-binding advisory vote on executive compensation and stockholder approval of any golden parachute payments not previously approved. If some investors find our securities less attractive as a result, there may be a less active trading market for our securities and the prices of our securities may be more volatile.

In addition, Section 107 of the JOBS Act also provides that an “emerging growth company” can take advantage of the extended transition period provided in Section 7(a)(2)(B) of the Securities Act for complying with new or revised accounting standards. In other words, an “emerging growth company” can delay the adoption of certain accounting standards until those standards would otherwise apply to private companies. We intend to take advantage of the benefits of this extended transition period.

We will remain an emerging growth company until the earlier of: (i) the last day of the fiscal year (a) following the fifth anniversary of the completion of the initial public offering, (b) in which we have total annual gross revenue of at least $1.07 billion, or (c) in which we are deemed to be a large accelerated filer, which means the market value of our common stock that is held bynon-affiliates exceeds $700 million as of the prior June 30th; and (ii) the date on which we have issued more than $1.00 billion innon-convertible debt during the prior three-year period. References herein to “emerging growth company” shall have the meaning associated with it in the JOBS Act.

Additionally, we are a “smaller reporting company” as defined in Rule 10(f)(1) of RegulationS-K. Smaller reporting companies may take advantage of certain reduced disclosure obligations, including, among other things, providing only two years of audited financial statements. We will remain a smaller reporting company until the last day of the fiscal year in which (1) the market value of our common stock held bynon-affiliates exceeds $250 million as of the prior June 30th, or (2) our annual revenues exceeded $100 million during such completed fiscal year and the market value of our common stock held bynon-affiliates exceeds $700 million as of the prior June 30th.

Item 1A.

RISK FACTORS

ITEM 1A. RISK FACTORS

An investment in our Class A common stock involves a high degree of risk. You should consider carefully all ofconsider the risks and uncertainties described below, which we believe are the principal risks that we face and of which we are currently aware, andtogether with all of the other information contained in this report.Annual Report on Form 10-K, including the sections titled “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations” and our consolidated financial statements and related notes, before deciding to invest in our Class A common stock. Additional risks and uncertainties that we are currently unaware of, or that we currently believe are not material, may also become important factors that adversely affect our business or results of operations. If any of the events or developments described belowfollowing risks occur, our business, financial condition orand operating results may be materially adversely affected. In that event, the trading price of operationsour Class A common stock could be negatively affected.

We are a newly formed company with no operating history and no revenues,decline, and you could lose all or part of your investment.


Summary Risk Factors

Our business is subject to numerous risks and uncertainties that you should consider before investing in our Class A common stock, as more fully described below this summary. The principal factors and uncertainties that could adversely affect our business include, among others:

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We have no basis ona limited history of operating at our current scale and under our current strategy, which makes it difficult to evaluatepredict our ability tofuture operating results, and we may not achieve our business objective.

We are a newly formed company with noexpected operating results. Our operations through the date of this report have been limited to organizational activities, activities relating to our initial public offering and activities relating to identifying and evaluating prospective acquisition candidates. Because we lack an operating history, you have no basis upon which to evaluate our ability to achieve our business objective of completing our initial business combination with one or more target businesses. We may be unable to complete a business combination. If we fail to complete our business combination, we will never generate any operating revenues.

Past performance may not be indicative of future performance of an investment in us.

Information regarding performance by, or businesses associated with, Osprey Energy and our management team is presented for informational purposes only. Any past acquisition experience of Osprey Energy or our management team is not a guarantee either: (i) that we will be able to locate a suitable candidate for our initial business combination; or (ii) of any results with respect to any initial business combination we may consummate. You should not rely on the historical record of Osprey Energy or our management team’s performance as indicative of the future performance of an investment in us or the returns we will, or are likely to, generate going forward.

Our public stockholders may not be afforded an opportunity to vote on our proposed business combination, which means we may complete our initial business combination even though a majority of our public stockholders do not support such a combination.

We may not hold a stockholder vote to approve our initial business combination unless such business combination would require stockholder approval under applicable law or stock exchange listing requirements or if we decide to hold a stockholder vote for business or other legal reasons. Except as required by law, the decision as to whether we will seek stockholder approval of a proposed business combination or will allow stockholders to sell their shares to us in a tender offer will be made by us, solely in our discretion, and will be based on a variety of factors, such as the timing of the transaction and whether the terms of the transaction would otherwise require us to seek stockholder approval. Accordingly, we may complete our initial business combination even if holders of a majority of our public shares do not approve of the business combination we complete.

If we seek stockholder approval of our initial business combination, our sponsor, officers and directors have agreed to vote in favor of such initial business combination, regardless of how our public stockholders vote.

Unlike many other blank check companies in which the sponsor agrees to vote its founder shares in accordance with the majority of the votes cast by the public stockholders in connection with an initial business combination, our sponsor, officers and directors have agreed to vote their founder shares, as well as any public shares purchased by them, in favor of our initial business combination. Our sponsor owns 20% of our outstanding shares of common stock. Accordingly, if we seek stockholder approval of our initial business combination, it is more likely that the necessary stockholder approval will be received than would be the case if our sponsor agreed to vote its founder shares in accordance with the majority of the votes cast by our public stockholders.

Your only opportunity to affect the investment decision regarding a potential business combination will be limited to the exercise of your right to redeem your shares from us for cash, unless we seek stockholder approval of the business combination.

At the time of your investment in us, you will not be provided with an opportunity to evaluate the specific merits or risks of one or more target businesses. Since our board of directors may complete a business combination without seeking stockholder approval, public stockholders may not have the right or opportunity to vote on the business combination, unless we seek such stockholder vote. Accordingly, if we do not seek stockholder approval, your only opportunity to affect the investment decision regarding our initial business combination may be limited to exercising your redemption rights within the period of time (which will be at least 20 business days) set forth in our tender offer documents mailed to our public stockholders in which we describe our initial business combination.

The ability of our public stockholders to redeem their shares for cash may make our financial condition unattractive to potential business combination targets, which may make it difficult for us to enter into a business combination with a target.

We may seek to enter into a business combination transaction agreement with a prospective target that requires as a closing condition that we have a minimum net worth or a certain amount of cash. If too many public stockholders exercise their redemption rights, we would not be able to meet such closing condition and, as a result, would not be able to proceed with the business combination. Furthermore, in no event will we redeem our public shares in an amount that would cause our net tangible assets to be less than $5,000,001 (so that we are not subject to the SEC’s “penny stock” rules) or any greater net tangible asset or cash requirement which may be contained in the agreement relating to our initial business combination. Consequently, if accepting all properly submitted redemption requests would cause our net tangible assets to be less than $5,000,001 or such greater amount necessary to satisfy a closing condition as described above, we would not proceed with such redemption and the related business combination and may instead search for an alternate business combination. Prospective targets will be aware of these risks and, thus, may be reluctant to enter into a business combination transaction with us.

The ability of our public stockholders to exercise redemption rights with respect to a large number of our shares may not allow us to complete the most desirable business combination or optimize our capital structure.

At the time we enter into an agreement for our initial business combination, we will not know how many stockholders may exercise their redemption rights and, therefore, will need to structure the transaction based on our expectations as to the number of shares that will be submitted for redemption. If our initial business combination agreement requires us to use a portion of the cash in the trust account to pay the purchase price or requires us to have a minimum amount of cash at closing, we will need to reserve a portion of the cash in the trust account to meet such requirements or arrange for third-party financing. In addition, if a larger number of shares are submitted for redemption than we initially expected, we may need to restructure the transaction to reserve a greater portion of the cash in the trust account or arrange for third party financing. Raising additional third-party financing may involve dilutive equity issuances or the incurrence of indebtedness at higher than desirable levels. The above considerations may limit our ability to complete the most desirable business combination available to us or optimize our capital structure.

future.

The ability of our public stockholders to exercise redemption rights with respect to a large number of our shares could increase the probability that our initial business combination would be unsuccessful and that you would have to wait for liquidation in order to redeem your stock.

If our business combination agreement requires us to use a portion of the cash in the trust account to pay the purchase price, or requires us to have a minimum amount of cash at closing, the probability that our initial business combination would be unsuccessful is increased. If our initial business combination is unsuccessful, you would not receive your pro rata portion of the trust account until we liquidate the trust account. If you are in need of immediate liquidity, you could attempt to sell your stock in the open market; however, at such time our stock may trade at a discount to the pro rata amount per share in the trust account. In either situation, you may suffer a material loss on your investment or lose the benefit of funds expected in connection with our redemption until we liquidate or you are able to sell your stock in the open market.

The requirement that we complete our initial business combination within the prescribed time frame may give potential target businesses leverage over us in negotiating a business combination and may decrease our ability to conduct due diligence on potential business combination targets as we approach our dissolution deadline, which could undermine our ability to complete our business combination on terms that would produce value for our stockholders.

Any potential target business with which we enter into negotiations concerning a business combination will be aware that we must complete our initial business combination by November 5, 2021. Consequently, such target business may obtain leverage over us in negotiating a business combination, knowing that if we do not complete our initial business combination with that particular target business, we may be unable to complete our initial business combination with any target business. This risk will increase as we get closer to the timeframe described above. In addition, we may have limited time to conduct due diligence and may enter into our initial business combination on terms that we would have rejected upon a more comprehensive investigation.

We may not be able to completesustain our initial business combination withinrevenue growth rate in the prescribed time frame, in which case we would cease allfuture.

Our results of operations except for the purpose of winding upare subject to fluctuation from period to period and we would redeem our public shares and liquidate, in which case our public stockholders may only receive $10.00 per share, or less than such amount in certain circumstances, and our warrants will expire worthless.

Our sponsor, officers and directors have agreed that we must complete our initial business combination by November 5, 2021. We may not be ablean accurate indication of future performance; our operating results have, and may in the future, fall below our financial guidance or other projections or fail to find a suitable targetmeet the expectations of securities analysts and investors.

The loss of one or more of our largest customers could adversely affect our results of operations.
We have incurred significant losses each year since our inception, we expect our operating expenses to increase, and we cannot give assurances of our future profitability, if any.
The market for our products and services has not been established with precision, is still emerging and may not achieve the growth potential we expect or may grow more slowly than expected.
Our business with various governmental entities is subject to the policies, priorities, regulations, mandates, and completefunding levels of such governmental entities and may be negatively or positively impacted by any change thereto.
Our ability to grow our initial business combination within such time period. Ifdepends on the successful production, launch, commissioning and/or operation of our satellites and related ground systems, which is subject to many uncertainties, some of which are beyond our control.
Our business involves significant risks and uncertainties that may not be covered by insurance.For example, if one or more of our satellite launches result in catastrophic failure or one or more of our in-orbit satellites or payloads fail, and we have not completed our initial business combination within such time period,obtained insurance coverage, we will: (i) cease all operations except for the purpose of winding up, (ii) as promptly as reasonably possible but not more than ten business days thereafter, redeem the public shares, at aper-share price, payable in cash, equal to the aggregate amount then on deposit in the trust account including interest earned on the funds held in the trust account and not previously released to us to pay our franchise and income taxes (less up to $100,000 of interest to pay dissolution expenses), divided by the number of then outstanding public shares, which redemption will completely extinguish public stockholders’ rights as stockholders (including the right to receive further liquidating distributions, if any), subject to applicable law, and (iii) as promptly as reasonably possible following such redemption, subject to the approval of our remaining stockholders and our board of directors, dissolve and liquidate, subject in each case to our obligations under Delaware law to provide for claims of creditors and the requirements of other applicable law. In such case, our public stockholders may only receive $10.00 per share, and our warrants will expire worthless. In certain circumstances, our public stockholders may receive less than $10.00 per share on the redemption of their shares.

If we seek stockholder approval of our initial business combination, our sponsor, directors, officers, advisors and their affiliates may elect to purchase shares from public stockholders, which may influence a vote on a proposed business combination and reduce the public “float” of our Class A common stock.

If we seek stockholder approval of our initial business combination and we do not conduct redemptions in connection with our initial business combination pursuant to the tender offer rules, our sponsor, directors, officers, advisors or any of their affiliates may purchase public shares in privately negotiated transactions or in the open market either prior to or following the completion of our initial business combination, although they are under no obligation to do so. Such a purchase may include a contractual acknowledgement that such public stockholder, although still the record holder of our shares is no longer the beneficial owner thereof and therefore agrees not to exercise its redemption rights. In the event that our sponsor, directors, officers, advisors or any of their affiliates purchase public shares in privately negotiated transactions from public stockholders who have already elected to exercise their redemption rights, such selling public stockholders wouldcould be required to revoke their prior elections to redeem their shares. The purpose of such purchases would be to vote such shares in favor of the business combination and thereby increase the likelihood of obtaining stockholder approval of our initial business combination or to satisfy a closing condition in an agreement with a target that requires us to have a minimum net worth or a certain amount of cash at the closing of our initial business combination, where it appears that such requirement would otherwise not be met. This may result in the completion of our initial business combination that may not otherwise have been possible. Any such purchases will be reported pursuant to Section 13 and Section 16 of the Exchange Act to the extent such purchasers are subject to such reporting requirements.

In addition, if such purchases are made, the public “float” of our common stock and the number of beneficial holders of our securities may be reduced, possibly making it difficult to maintain or obtain the quotation, listing or trading of our securities on a national securities exchange.

If a stockholder fails to receive notice of our offer to redeem our public shares in connection with our business combination, or fails to comply with the procedures for tendering its shares, such shares may not be redeemed.

We will comply with the tender offer rules or proxy rules, as applicable, when conducting redemptions in connection with our business combination. Despite our compliance with these rules, if a stockholder fails to receive our tender offer or proxy materials, as applicable, such stockholder may not become aware of the opportunity to redeem its shares. In addition, the tender offer documents or proxy materials, as applicable, that we will furnish to holders of our public shares in connection with our initial business combination will describe the various procedures that must be complied with in order to validly tender or redeem public shares. For example, we may require our public stockholders seeking to exercise their redemption rights, whether they are record holders or hold their shares in “street name,” to either tender their certificates to our transfer agent prior to the date set forth in the tender offer documents or proxy materials mailed to such holders, or up to two business days prior to the vote on the proposal to approve the business combination in the event we distribute proxy materials, or to deliver their shares to the transfer agent electronically. In the event that a stockholder fails to comply with these or any other procedures, its shares may not be redeemed.

You will not have any rights or interests in funds from the trust account, except under certain limited circumstances. To liquidate your investment, therefore, you may be forced to sell your public shares or warrants, potentially at a loss.

Our public stockholders will be entitled to receive funds from the trust account only upon the earliest to occur of: (1) the completion of our initial business combination, and then only in connection with those shares of Class A common stock that such stockholder properly elected to redeem, subject to the limitations described herein; (2) the redemption of any public shares properly tendered in connection with a stockholder vote to amend our amended and restated certificate of incorporation (A) to modify the substance or timing of our obligation to redeem 100% of our public shares if we do not complete our initial business combination by November 5, 2021 or (B) with respect to any other provision relating to stockholders’ rights orpre-initial business combination activity; and (3) the redemption of our public shares if we are unable to complete our initial business combination by November 5, 2021, subject to applicable law and as further described herein. In no other circumstances will a public stockholder have any right or interest of any kind in the trust account. Holders of warrants will not have any right to the proceeds held in the trust account with respect to the warrants. Accordingly, to liquidate your investment, you may be forced to sell your public shares or warrants, potentially at a loss.

The NYSE may delist our securities from trading on its exchange, which could limit investors’ ability to make transactions in our securities and subject us to additional trading restrictions.

Our units are listed on the NYSE as well as our Class A common stock and warrants. Although we meet the NYSE listing standards, we cannot assure you that our securities will continue to be listed on the NYSE in the future or prior to our initial business combination. In order to continue listing our securities on the NYSE prior to our initial business combination, we must maintain certain financial, distribution and stock price levels. Generally, we must maintain a minimum number of holders of our securities (generally 300 public stockholders). Additionally, in connection with our initial business combination, we will be required to demonstrate compliance with the NYSE’s initial listing requirements, which are more rigorous than the NYSE’s continued listing requirements, in order to continue to maintain the listing of our securities on the NYSE. For instance, our stock price would generally be required to be at least $4.00 per share, our global market capitalization would be required to be at least $150,000,000, the aggregate market value of publicly-held shares would be required to be at least $40,000,000 and we would be required to have at least 400 round lot holders. We cannot assure you that we will be able to meet those listing requirements at that time.

If the NYSE delists our securities from trading on its exchange and we are not able to list our securities on another national securities exchange, we expect our securities could be quoted on anover-the-counter market. If this were to occur, we could face significant material adverse consequences, including:

a limited availability of market quotations for our securities;

reduced liquidity for our securities;

a determination that our Class A common stock is a “penny stock” which will require brokers trading in our Class A common stock to adhere to more stringent rules and possibly result in a reduced level of trading activity in the secondary trading market for our securities;

a limited amount of news and analyst coverage; and

a decreased ability to issue additional securities or obtain additional financing in the future.

The National Securities Markets Improvement Act of 1996, which is a federal statute, prevents or preempts the states from regulating the sale of certain securities, which are referred to as “covered securities.” Because our units, Class A common stock and warrants are listed on the NYSE, our units, Class A common stock and warrants are covered securities. Although the states are preempted from regulating the sale of our securities, the federal statute does allow the states to investigate companies if there is a suspicion of fraud, and, if there is a finding of fraudulent activity, then the states can regulate or bar the sale of covered securities in a particular case. While we are not aware of a state having used these powers to prohibit or restrict the sale of securities issued by blank check companies, other than the State of Idaho, certain state securities regulators view blank check companies unfavorably and might use these powers, or threaten to use these powers, to hinder the sale of securities of blank check companies in their states. Further, if we were no longer listed on the NYSE, our securities would not be covered securities and we would be subject to regulation in each state in which we offer our securities.

You will not be entitled to protections normally afforded to investors of many other blank check companies.

Since the net proceeds of the initial public offering and the sale of the private placement warrants are intended to be used to complete an initial business combination with a target business that has not been identified, we may be deemed to be a “blank check” company under the U.S. securities laws. However, because we had net tangible assets in excess of $5,000,000 upon the successful completion of the initial public offering and the sale of the private placement warrants and filed a Current Report on Form8-K, including an audited balance sheet demonstrating this fact, we are exempt from rules promulgated by the SEC to protect investors in blank check companies, such as Rule 419. Accordingly, investors will not be afforded the benefits or protections of those rules. Among other things, our units are immediately tradable and we will have a longer period of time to complete our initial business combination than do companies subject to Rule 419. Moreover, if the initial public offering were subject to Rule 419, that rule would prohibit the release of any interest earned on funds held in the trust account to us unless and until the funds in the trust account were released to us in connection with our completion of our initial business combination.

If we seek stockholder approval of our initial business combination and we do not conduct redemptions pursuant to the tender offer rules, and if you or a “group” of stockholders are deemed to hold in excess of 15% of our Class A common stock, you will lose the ability to redeem all such shares in excess of 15% of our Class A common stock.

If we seek stockholder approval of our initial business combination and we do not conduct redemptions in connection with our initial business combination pursuant to the tender offer rules, our amended and restated certificate of incorporation provides that a public stockholder, together with any affiliate of such stockholder or any other person with whom such stockholder is acting in concert or as a “group” (as defined under Section 13 of the Exchange Act), will be restricted from seeking redemption rights with respect to more than an aggregate of 15% of the shares issued in the initial public offering, which we refer to as the “Excess Shares.” However, we would not be restricting our stockholders’ ability to vote all of their shares (including Excess Shares) for or against our initial business combination. Your inability to redeem the Excess Shares will reduce your influence over our ability to complete our initial business combination and you could suffer a material loss on your investment in us if you sell Excess Shares in open market transactions. Additionally, you will not receive redemption distributions with respect to the Excess Shares if we complete our initial business combination. And as a result, you will continue to hold that number of shares exceeding 15% and, in order to dispose of such shares, would be required to sell your stock in open market transactions, potentially at a loss.

Because of our limited resources and the significant competition for business combination opportunities, it may be more difficult for us to complete our initial business combination. If we are unable to complete our initial business combination, our public stockholders may receive only approximately $10.00 per share on our redemption of our public shares, or less than such amount in certain circumstances, and our warrants will expire worthless.

We expect to encounter intense competition from other entities having a business objective similar to ours, including private investors (which may be individuals or investment partnerships), other blank check companies and other entities, domestic and international, competingimpairment charges for the types of businesses we intend to acquire. Many of these individuals and entities are well-established and have extensive experience in identifying and effecting, directlysatellite or indirectly, acquisitions of companies operating in or providing services to various industries. Many of these competitors possess greater technical, human and other resources or more local industry knowledge than we do andpayload.

If our financial resources will be relatively limited when contrasted with those of many of these competitors. While we believe there will be numerous target businesses we could potentially acquire with the net proceeds of the initial public offering and the sale of the private placement warrants, our ability to compete with respect to the acquisition of certain target businesses that are sizable will be limited by our available financial resources. This inherent competitive limitation gives others an advantage in pursuing the acquisition of certain target businesses. Furthermore, if we are obligated to pay cash for the shares of Class A common stock redeemed and, in the event we seek stockholder approval of our initial business combination, we may make purchases of our Class A common stock, potentially reducing the resources available to us for our initial business combination. Any of these obligations may place us at a competitive disadvantage in successfully negotiating and completing a business combination. If we are unable to complete our initial business combination, our public stockholders may receive only $10.00 per share, or possibly less than $10.00 per share, on the liquidation of our trust account and our warrants will expire worthless. In certain circumstances, our public stockholders may receive less than $10.00 per share on the redemption of their shares.

If the net proceeds of the initial public offering and the sale of the private placement warrants not being held in the trust account are insufficient to allow ussatellites fail to operate until November 5, 2021, we may be unable to complete our initial business combination, in which case our public stockholders may only receive $10.00 per share, or less than such amount in certain circumstances, and our warrants will expire worthless.

The funds available to us outside of the trust account may not be sufficient to allow us to operate until November 5, 2021, assuming that our initial business combination is not completed during that time. We believe that the funds available to us outside of the trust account will be sufficient to allow us to operate until November 5, 2021; however, we cannot assure you that our estimate is accurate. Of the funds available to us, we could use a portion of the funds available to us to pay fees to consultants to assist us with our search for a target business. We could also use a portion of the funds as a down payment or to fund a“no-shop” provision (a provision in letters of intent designed to keep target businesses from “shopping” around for transactions with other companies on terms more favorable to such target businesses) with respect to a particular proposed business combination, although we do not have any current intention to do so. If we entered into a letter of intent where we paid for the right to receive exclusivity from a target business and were subsequently required to forfeit such funds (whether as a result of our breach or otherwise), we might not have sufficient funds to continue searching for, or conduct due diligence with respect to, a target business. If we are unable to complete our initial business combination, our public stockholders may receive only approximately $10.00 per share on the liquidation of our trust account and our warrants will expire worthless. In certain circumstances, our public stockholders may receive less than $10.00 per share upon our liquidation.

If the net proceeds of the initial public offering and the sale of the private placement warrants not being held in the trust account are insufficient,intended, it could limit the amount available to fund our search for a target business or businesses and complete our initial business combination and we will depend on loans from our sponsor or management team to fund our search for a business combination, to pay our franchise and income taxes and to complete our initial business combination. If we are unable to obtain these loans, we may be unable to complete our initial business combination.

Of the net proceeds of the initial public offering, approximately $1.1 million (as of December 31, 2019) is available to us outside the trust account to fund our working capital requirements. If we are required to seek additional capital, we would need to borrow funds from our sponsor or other third parties to operate or may be forced to liquidate. Neither our sponsor, members of our management team nor any of their affiliates is under any obligation to advance funds to us in such circumstances. Any such advances would be repaid only from funds held outside the trust account or from funds released to us upon completion of our initial business combination. If we are unable to complete our initial business combination because we do not have sufficient funds available to us, we will be forced to cease operations and liquidate the trust account. Consequently, our public stockholders may only receive $10.00 per share, or possibly less than $10.00 per share, on our redemption of our public shares and our warrants will expire worthless. In certain circumstances, our public stockholders may receive less than $10.00 per share on the redemption of their shares.

Subsequent to our completion of our initial business combination, we may be required to take write-downs or write-offs, restructuring and impairment or other charges that could have a significant negative effect on our financial condition, results of operations and our stock price, which could cause you to lose some or all of your investment.

Even if we conduct extensive due diligence on a target business with which we combine, we cannot assure you that this diligence will surface all material issues that may be present inside a particular target business, that it would be possible to uncover all material issues through a customary amount of due diligence, or that factors outside of the target business and outside of our control will not later arise. As a result of these factors, we may be forced to later write-down orwrite-off assets, restructure our operations, or incur impairment or other charges that could result in our reporting losses. Even if our due diligence successfully identifies certain risks, unexpected risks may arise and previously known risks may materialize in a manner not consistent with our preliminary risk analysis. Even though these charges may benon-cash items and not have an immediate impact on our liquidity, the fact that we report charges of this nature could contribute to negative market perceptions about us or our securities. In addition, charges of this nature may cause us to violate net worth or other covenants to which we may be subject as a result of assumingpre-existing debt held by a target business or by virtue of our obtaining post-combination debt financing. Accordingly, any stockholders who choose to remain stockholders following the business combination could suffer a reduction in the value of their shares. Such stockholders are unlikely to have a remedy for such reduction in value.

If third parties bring claims against us, the proceeds held in the trust account could be reduced and theper-share redemption amount received by stockholders may be less than $10.00 per share.

Our placing of funds in the trust account may not protect those funds from third-party claims against us. Although we will seek to have all vendors, service providers (other than our independent auditors), prospective target businesses or other entities with which we do business execute agreements with us waiving any right, title, interest or claim of any kind in or to any monies held in the trust account for the benefit of our public stockholders, such parties may not execute such agreements, or even if they execute such agreements they may not be prevented from bringing claims against the trust account, including, but not limited to, fraudulent inducement, breach of fiduciary responsibility or other similar claims, as well as claims challenging the enforceability of the waiver, in each case in order to gain advantage with respect to a claim against our assets, including the funds held in the trust account. If any third party refuses to execute an agreement waiving such claims to the monies held in the trust account, our management will perform an analysis of the alternatives available to it and will only enter into an agreement with a third party that has not executed a waiver if management believes that such third party’s engagement would be significantly more beneficial to us than any alternative.

Examples of possible instances where we may engage a third party that refuses to execute a waiver include the engagement of a third party consultant whose particular expertise or skills are believed by management to be significantly superior to those of other consultants that would agree to execute a waiver or in cases where management is unable to find a service provider willing to execute a waiver. In addition, there

is no guarantee that such entities will agree to waive any claims they may have in the future as a result of, or arising out of, any negotiations, contracts or agreements with us and will not seek recourse against the trust account for any reason. Upon redemption of our public shares, if we are unable to complete our business combination within the prescribed timeframe, or upon the exercise of a redemption right in connection with our business combination, we will be required to provide for payment of claims of creditors that were not waived that may be brought against us within the 10 years following redemption. Accordingly, theper-share redemption amount received by public stockholders could be less than the $10.00 per share initially held in the trust account, due to claims of such creditors. Mr. Jonathan Cohen has agreed that he will be liable to us if and to the extent any claims by a vendor for services rendered or products sold to us, or a prospective target business with which we have discussed entering into a definitive agreement for a business combination, reduce the amount of funds in the trust account to below (i) $10.00 per public share or (ii) such lesser amount per public share held in the trust account as of the date of the liquidation of the trust account due to reductions in the value of the trust assets, in each case net of the interest which may be withdrawn to pay our franchise and income taxes, except as to any claims by a third party who executed a waiver of any and all rights to seek access to the trust account and except as to any claims under our indemnity of the underwriters of the initial public offering against certain liabilities, including liabilities under the Securities Act. Moreover, in the event that an executed waiver is deemed to be unenforceable against a third party, Mr. Cohen will not be responsible to the extent of any liability for such third party claims. We have not independently verified whether Mr. Cohen has sufficient funds to satisfy his indemnity obligation. As a result, if any such claims were successfully made against the trust account, the funds available for our initial business combination and redemptions could be reduced to less than $10.00 per public share. In such event, we may not be able to complete our initial business combination, and you would receive such lesser amount per share in connection with any redemption of your public shares. None of our other directors or officers will indemnify us for claims by third parties including, without limitation, claims by vendors and prospective target businesses.

Our directors may decide not to enforce the indemnification obligation of Mr. Jonathan Cohen, ourCo-Chairman, resulting in a reduction in the amount of funds in the trust account available for distribution to our public stockholders.

In the event that the proceeds in the trust account are reduced below the lesser of (i) $10.00 per public share or (ii) such lesser amount per share held in the trust account as of the date of the liquidation of the trust account due to reductions in the value of the trust assets, in each case net of the interest which may be withdrawn to pay our franchise and income taxes, and Mr. Jonathan Cohen, ourCo-Chairman, asserts that he is unable to satisfy his obligation or that he has no indemnification obligation related to a particular claim, our independent directors would determine whether to take legal action against Mr. Cohen to enforce his indemnification obligation.

While we currently expect that our independent directors would take legal action on our behalf against Mr. Cohen to enforce his indemnification obligation to us, it is possible that our independent directors in exercising their business judgment may choose not to do so if, for example, the cost of such legal action is deemed by the independent directors to be too high relative to the amount recoverable or if the independent directors determine that a favorable outcome is not likely. If our independent directors choose not to enforce this indemnification obligation, the amount of funds in the trust account available for distribution to our public stockholders may be reduced below $10.00 per share.

If, after we distribute the proceeds in the trust account to our public stockholders, we file a bankruptcy petition or an involuntary bankruptcy petition is filed against us that is not dismissed, a bankruptcy court may seek to recover such proceeds, and we and our board may be exposed to claims of punitive damages.

If, after we distribute the proceeds in the trust account to our public stockholders, we file a bankruptcy petition or an involuntary bankruptcy petition is filed against us that is not dismissed, any distributions received by stockholders could be viewed under applicable debtor/creditor and/or bankruptcy laws as either a “preferential transfer” or a “fraudulent conveyance.” As a result, a bankruptcy court could seek to recover all amounts received by our stockholders. In addition, our board of directors may be viewed as having breached its fiduciary duty to our creditors and/or having acted in bad faith, thereby exposing itself and us to claims of punitive damages, by paying public stockholders from the trust account prior to addressing the claims of creditors.

If, before distributing the proceeds in the trust account to our public stockholders, we file a bankruptcy petition or an involuntary bankruptcy petition is filed against us that is not dismissed, the claims of creditors in such proceeding may have priority over the claims of our stockholders and theper-share amount that would otherwise be received by our stockholders in connection with our liquidation may be reduced.

If, before distributing the proceeds in the trust account to our public stockholders, we file a bankruptcy petition or an involuntary bankruptcy petition is filed against us that is not dismissed, the proceeds held in the trust account could be subject to applicable bankruptcy law, and may be included in our bankruptcy estate and subject to the claims of third parties with priority over the claims of our stockholders. To the extent any bankruptcy claims deplete the trust account, theper-share amount that would otherwise be received by our stockholders in connection with our liquidation may be reduced.

If we are deemed to be an investment company under the Investment Company Act, we may be required to institute burdensome compliance requirements and our activities may be restricted, which may make it difficult for us to complete our business combination.

If we are deemed to be an investment company under the Investment Company Act, our activities may be restricted, including:

restrictions on the nature of our investments; and

restrictions on the issuance of securities, each of which may make it difficult for us to complete our business combination.

In addition, we may have imposed upon us burdensome requirements, including:

registration as an investment company;

adoption of a specific form of corporate structure; and

reporting, record keeping, voting, proxy and disclosure requirements and other rules and regulations.

In order not to be regulated as an investment company under the Investment Company Act, unless we can qualify for an exclusion, we must ensure that we are engaged primarily in a business other than investing, reinvesting or trading in securities and that our activities do not include investing, reinvesting, owning, holding or trading “investment securities” constituting more than 40% of our total assets (exclusive of U.S. government securities and cash items) on an unconsolidated basis. Our business will be to identify and complete a business combination and thereafter to operate the post-transaction business or assets for the long term. We do not plan to buy businesses or assets with a view to resale or profit from their resale. We do not plan to buy unrelated businesses or assets or to be a passive investor.

We do not believe that our anticipated principal activities will subject us to the Investment Company Act. To this end, the proceeds held in the trust account may only be invested in United States “government securities” within the meaning of Section 2(a)(16) of the Investment Company Act having a maturity of 185 days or less or in money market funds meeting certain conditions under Rule2a-7 promulgated under the Investment Company Act which invest only in direct U.S. government treasury obligations. Pursuant to the trust agreement, the trustee is not permitted to invest in other securities or assets. By restricting the investment of the proceeds to these instruments, and by having a business plan targeted at acquiring and growing businesses for the long term (rather than on buying and selling businesses in the manner of a merchant bank or private equity fund), we intend to avoid being deemed an “investment company” within the meaning of the Investment Company Act. Our securities are not intended for persons who are seeking a return on investments in government securities or investment securities. The trust account is intended as a holding place for funds pending the earliest to occur of: (i) our completion of an initial business combination, and then only in connection with those shares of Class A common stock that such stockholder properly elected to redeem, subject to the limitations described herein; (ii) the redemption of any public shares properly submitted in connection with a stockholder vote to amend our amended and restated certificate of incorporation (A) to modify the substance or timing of our obligation to allow redemption in connection with our initial business combination or to redeem 100% of our public shares if we do not complete our initial business combination by November 5, 2021 or (B) with respect to any other provision relating to stockholders’ rightsor pre-initial business combination activity; and (iii) the redemption of our public shares if we are unable to complete an initial business combination by November 5, 2021. If we do not invest the proceeds as discussed above, we may be deemed to be subject to the Investment Company Act. If we were deemed to be subject to the Investment Company Act, compliance with these additional regulatory burdens would require additional expenses for which we have not allotted funds and may hinder our ability to complete a business combination. If we are unable to complete our initial business combination, our public stockholders may receive only approximately $10.00 per share on the liquidation of our trust account and our warrants will expire worthless.

Changes in laws or regulations, or a failure to comply with any laws and regulations, may adversely affect our business, investments and results of operations.

We are subject to laws and regulations enacted by national, regional and local governments. In particular, we are required to comply with certain SEC and other legal requirements. Compliance with, and monitoring of, applicable laws and regulations may be difficult, time consuming and costly. Those laws and regulations and their interpretation and application may also change from time to time and those changes could have a material adverse effect on our business, investmentsfinancial condition and results of operations.

Currently we are dependent on LeoStella as the sole manufacturer of our satellites. Any significant disruption to LeoStella’s operations or facilities could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition, and results of operations.
Our business is capital intensive, and we may not be able to raise adequate capital to finance our business strategies, including funding future satellites, or we may be able to do so only on terms that significantly restrict our ability to operate our business.
Our business is subject to a wide variety of additional extensive and evolving government laws and regulations. Failure to comply with such laws and regulations could have a material adverse effect on our business.

Risks Related to Our Business and Industry

We have a limited history of operating at our current scale and under our current strategy, which makes it difficult to predict our future operating results, and we may not achieve our expected operating results in the future.

We have a limited history of operating at our current scale and under our current strategy to define the future of real-time first-to-know insights, which makes it difficult to forecast our future results. You should consider and evaluate our prospects in light of the risks and uncertainty frequently encountered by growth stage companies in rapidly evolving markets. We have not achieved profitability, and we may not realize sufficient revenue to achieve profitability in future periods.


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Further, in future periods, our revenue growth could slow or our revenue could decline for a number of reasons, including slowing demand for our platform, increased competition, changes to technology, a decrease in the growth of our overall market, or our failure to continue to take advantage of growth opportunities. We have also encountered, and will continue to encounter, risks and uncertainties frequently experienced by growing companies in rapidly changing industries, such as the risks and uncertainties described below. If our assumptions regarding these risks and uncertainties and our future revenue growth are incorrect or change, or if we do not address these risks successfully, our operating and financial results could differ materially from our expectations, and our business could suffer.

We may not be able to sustain our revenue growth rate in the future.

Although our revenue increased in 2022, there can be no assurances that revenue will continue to grow or do so at current rates, and you should not rely on the revenue of any prior quarterly or annual period as an indication of our future performance. Our revenue growth rate may decline in future periods. Many factors may contribute to declines in our revenue growth rate, including increased competition, slowing demand for our products and services from existing and new customers, increased regulatory burdens domestically or abroad, a failure by us to continue capitalizing on growth opportunities, terminations of existing contracts by our customers, and the maturation of our business, among others. If our revenue growth rate declines, our business, financial condition, and results of operations could be adversely affected.

Our results of operations are subject to fluctuation from period to period and may not be an accurate indication of future performance; our operating results have, and may in the future, fall below our financial guidance or other projections or fail to meet the expectations of securities analysts and investors.

Our results of operations, including cash flows, have fluctuated significantly in the past and are likely to continue to do so in the future. Accordingly, the results of any one quarter or measuring period should not be relied upon as an indication of future performance. Our quarterly results, financial position, and operations are likely to fluctuate as a result of a variety of factors, many of which are outside of our control, and as a result, may not fully reflect the underlying performance of our business. We have presented many of the factors that may cause our results of operations to fluctuate in this “Risk Factors” section. Fluctuations in our results of operations have, and may in the future, cause such results to fall below our financial guidance or other projections, or the expectations of analysts or investors, which could cause the trading price of our Class A common stock to decline.

Our financial performance is dependent on our ability to generate a sustainable order rate for products and services. This can be challenging and may fluctuate on an annual basis as the number of contracts awarded and as the timing of such awards vary. If we are unable to win new contracts or execute on existing contracts as expected, our business, results of operations and financial position could be further adversely affected.

The timing of our sales and related revenue recognition is difficult to predict because of the length and unpredictability of the sales cycle for our products and services. We are often required to spend significant time and resources to better educate and familiarize potential customers with the value proposition of our products and services. Therefore, our sales cycle is often long and can vary substantially from customer to customer. Further, decisions to purchase our imagery services can involve significant financial commitments, potential customers for larger monetary or specialized design/engineering contracts generally evaluate our systems, products and technologies at multiple levels within their organization, each of which often have specific requirements, and can involve their senior management and multiple internal approvals.

As a result of our long and unpredictable sales cycles, large individual sales have, in some cases, occurred in quarters subsequent to those we anticipated, or have not occurred at all. The loss or delay of one or more large sales transactions in a quarter would impact our results of operations and cash flow for that quarter and any future quarters in which revenue from that transaction is lost or delayed. In addition, downturns in new sales may not be immediately reflected in our revenue because we generally recognize revenue over the term of our contracts. The timing of customer billing and payment varies from contract to contract. A delay in the timing of receipt of such

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collections, or a default on a large contract, may negatively impact our liquidity for the period and in the future. Because a substantial portion of our expenses are relatively fixed in the short-term and require time to adjust, our results of operations and liquidity would suffer if revenue fell below our expectations in a particular period. In addition, our pricing model includes both subscription-based and fixed fee contracts, adding further variability to the timing of our revenue recognition across customer contracts.

Other factors that may cause fluctuations in our quarterly results of operations and financial position include, without limitation, those listed below:

the number of satellites in our satellite constellation;
satellite or geospatial data and analytics platform failures that reduce the planned network size below projected levels, which result in contract delays or cancellations;
the cost of raw materials or supplied components for the manufacture and operation of our satellites;
the timing and cost of, and level of investment in, research and development relating to our technologies;
termination of one or more large contracts by customers, including for convenience;
changes in the competitive dynamics of our industry;
prolonged periods of unexpected weather patterns, natural disasters or other events that can impact image quality or force a cancellation or rescheduling of satellite launches; and
general economic, regulatory, and market conditions, including the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic and other geopolitical uncertainty and instability, such as the ongoing geopolitical tensions related to Russia’s actions in Ukraine, resulting sanctions imposed by the United States and other countries, and retaliatory actions taken by Russia in response to such sanctions.

The individual or cumulative effects of factors discussed above could result in large fluctuations and unpredictability in our quarterly and annual operating results. As a result, comparing our operating results on a period-to-period basis may not be meaningful. These factors make it difficult for us to accurately predict financial metrics for any particular period.

The variability and unpredictability of our quarterly results of operations, cash flows, or other operating metrics could also result in our failure to meet our expectations or those of analysts that cover us or investors with respect to revenue or other key metrics for a particular period. If we fail to meet or exceed such expectations for these or any other reasons, the trading price of our Class A common stock could fall, and we could face costly lawsuits, including securities class action suits.

The loss of one or more of our largest customers could adversely affect our results of operations.

We are dependent on a small number of customers for a large portion of our revenue. A significant decrease in the sales to or loss of any of our major customers would have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition, and results of operations. In fiscal years 2022 and 2021, we had two and three customers, respectively, that each accounted for more than 10% of our total revenue and in the aggregate, accounted for 42% and 45% of our total net revenue, respectively. Customers in the defense market generally purchase our services in connection with government programs that have a limited duration, leading to fluctuating sales to any particular customer in this market from year to year. If we lose one or more of our major enterprise or government customers, or if we experience a significant reduction in business from one or more major enterprise or government customers, there is no assurance that we would be able to replace those customers to generate comparable revenue over a short time period, which could harm our operating results and profitability.

If existing customers do not make subsequent purchases from us or renew their contracts with us, our revenue could decline, and our results of operations would be adversely impacted.


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We also derive a significant portion of our revenue from existing customers that expand their relationships with us. Increasing the size and number of the deployments of our existing customers is a major part of our growth strategy. We may not be effective in executing this or any other aspect of our growth strategy. We forecast the expected capacity utilization of our satellites based on our knowledge of the customers’ needs at the time of forecast, which may not be accurate by the time of utilization due to a variety of factors outside of our control, including, but not limited to geopolitical factors, war, historical use, changes in budgets or priorities, and other customer specific events.

Our contract terms with our customers and resellers vary in length, may not provide for automatic renewal and may require the customer or reseller to opt-in to extend the term. Our customers and resellers have no obligation to renew, upgrade, or expand their contracts with us after the terms of their existing contracts have expired. In addition, many of our customer and reseller contracts permit the customer or reseller to terminate their contracts with us with notice periods of varying lengths, and our contracts with U.S. government customers may be terminated for convenience. If one or more of our customers or resellers terminate their contracts with us, whether for convenience, for default in the event of a breach by us, or for other reasons specified in our contracts, as applicable; if our customers or resellers elect not to renew their contracts with us; if our customers or resellers renew their contractual arrangements with us for shorter contract lengths; or if our customers or resellers otherwise seek to renegotiate terms of their existing contracts on terms less favorable to us, our business, financial condition, and results of operations could be adversely affected.

Our ability to renew or expand our customer relationships may decrease or vary as a result of a number of factors, including our customers’ satisfaction or dissatisfaction with our geospatial data and analytics platform and/or our products and services, the frequency and severity of errors or disruptions in our platform and/or our products and services, our pricing, the effects of general economic conditions, competitive offerings or alternatives, or reductions in our customers’ spending levels. Our business, financial condition, and results of operations would also be adversely affected if we face difficulty collecting our accounts receivable from our customers or if we are required to refund customer prepayments and deposits.

Achieving renewal or expansion of deployments may require us to increasingly engage in sophisticated and costly sales efforts that may not result in additional sales. In addition, our customers’ decisions to expand the use of our products and services depends on a number of factors, including general economic conditions, the functioning of our products and services, and our customers’ satisfaction with our products and services. If our efforts to expand within our existing customer base are not successful, our business may suffer.Moreover, we forecast the expected capacity utilization of our satellites based on our knowledge of the customers’ needs at the time of forecast, which may not be accurate by the time of utilization due to a variety of factors outside of our control, including, but not limited to geopolitical factors, war, historical use, changes in budgets or priorities, and other customer specific events.

We rely on the significant experience and specialized expertise of our senior management, engineering, sales and operational staff and must retain and attract qualified and highly skilled personnel in order to grow our business successfully.

Our performance is substantially dependent on the continued services and performance of our senior management and our highly qualified team of engineers and data scientists, many of whom have numerous years of experience, specialized expertise in our business, and security clearances required for certain defense projects. If we are not successful in hiring and retaining highly qualified engineers and data scientists, we may not be able to extend or maintain our engineering and data science expertise, and our future product development efforts could be adversely affected. Competition for hiring these employees is intense, especially regarding engineers and data scientists with specialized skills and security clearances required for our business, and we may be unable to hire and retain enough engineers and data scientists to implement our growth strategy.


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Certain U.S. government contracts require us, and some of our employees, to maintain national security clearances. Obtaining and maintaining national security clearances for employees involves a lengthy process, and it is difficult to identify, recruit, and retain employees who already hold national security clearances. Further, some of our contracts contain provisions requiring us to staff an engagement with personnel that the customer considers key to our successful performance under the contract. In the event we are unable to provide these key personnel or acceptable substitutions, the customer may terminate the contract. As a result, if we are unable to recruit and retain a sufficient number of qualified employees, we may lose revenue and our ability to maintain and grow our business could be limited.

Our future success also depends on the successful execution of our strategy to increase our sales to existing customers, identify and engage new customers, and enter new U.S. and non-U.S. markets, which strategy will depend, among other things, on our ability to successfully build and expand our sales organization and operations. Identifying, recruiting, training, and managing sales personnel requires significant time, expense, and attention, including from our senior management and other key personnel, which could adversely impact our business, financial condition, and results of operations in the short and long term.

In order to successfully scale our sales model, we must, and we intend to, increase the size of our direct sales force, both in the United States and outside of the United States, to generate additional revenue from new and existing customers. If we do not hire and retain a sufficient number of qualified sales personnel, our future revenue growth and business could be adversely impacted. It may take a significant period of time before our sales personnel are fully trained and productive, and there is no guarantee we will be successful in adequately training and effectively deploying our sales personnel. Our business would be adversely affected if our efforts to build, expand, train, and manage our sales organization are not successful. Any future sales organization changes may result in a temporary reduction of productivity, which could negatively affect our rate of growth. In addition, any significant change to the way we structure the compensation of our sales organization may be disruptive and may affect our revenue growth. If we are unable to attract, hire, develop, retain, and motivate qualified sales personnel, if our new sales personnel are unable to achieve sufficient sales productivity levels in a reasonable period of time or at all, if our marketing programs are not effective or if we are unable to effectively build, expand, and manage our sales organization and operations, our sales and revenue may grow more slowly than expected or materially decline, and our business may be significantly harmed.

We may not be able to convert our orders in backlog into revenue.

Backlog is typically subject to large variations from quarter to quarter and comparisons of backlog from period to period are not necessarily indicative of future revenue. The contracts comprising our backlog may not result in actual revenue in any particular period or at all, and the actual revenue from such contracts may differ from our backlog estimates. The timing of receipt of revenue, if any, on projects included in backlog could change because many factors affect the scheduling of projects. Cancellation of or adjustments to contracts may occur. Additionally, all U.S. government contracts included in backlog may be terminated at the convenience of the U.S. government. If a U.S. government contract is terminated before completion of all of the contracted work, we may not receive all potential revenue from these orders.

The failure to realize all amounts in our backlog could adversely affect our future revenue and gross margins. As a result, our backlog as of any particular date may not be an accurate indicator of our future earnings. Furthermore, the presentation of our financial results requires us to make estimates and assumptions that may affect revenue recognition. In some instances, we could reasonably use different estimates and assumptions, and changes in estimates are likely to occur from period to period. Accordingly, actual results could differ significantly from our estimates.

We could incur significant unanticipated costs if we do not accurately estimate and execute the costs of fixed-price engagements.


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Certain of our products and services contracts are fixed-price contracts, rather than contracts in which payment to us is determined on a time and materials or other basis. Our failure to estimate accurately the resources and schedule required for a project, or our failure to complete our contractual obligations in a manner consistent with the project plan upon which our fixed-price contract was based, could adversely affect our overall profitability and could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition, and results of operations. We are consistently entering into long-term contracts for large projects that magnify this risk. We have been required to commit unanticipated additional resources to complete certain projects, which has resulted in losses on those contracts. In addition, we may fix the price for some projects at an early stage of the project engagement, which could result in a fixed price that is too low. Therefore, any changes from our original estimates could adversely affect our business, financial condition, and results of operations.

If we do not establish relationships with high-impact distributors and resellers, or if we fail to optimize relationships with existing members of our distribution channel, or if our distribution channel members suffer financial losses due to adverse economic conditions or otherwise, our ability to generate revenue will be adversely affected.

We expect our revenue derived from indirect channel sales to increase in the near future. Our ability to effectively distribute our products and services depends in part upon the financial and business condition of our distributor and reseller network. The robustness of our distributor and reseller network depends on our ability to establish relationships with high-impact distributors and resellers, our ability to structure products bundles, business terms, promote system integrations, and optimize the effectiveness of our distributor and reseller network. Distributors and resellers may not be highly capitalized and experience difficulties during times of economic contraction. If our distributors and resellers were to become insolvent, they would not be able to maintain their business and sales or provide customer support services, which would negatively impact our business and revenue.

Over time, we have modified and will continue to modify aspects of our relationship with our distributors and resellers, such as their incentive programs, pricing to them, and our distribution model to motivate and reward them for aligning their businesses with our strategy and business objectives. Changes in these relationships and underlying programs could negatively impact our distributors’ and resellers’ business, which could harm our business. Further, our distributors and resellers may lose confidence in our business, move to competitive products, or may not have the skills or ability to support customers. The loss of or a significant reduction in business with those distributors or resellers could harm our business. In particular, if one or more of such distributors or resellers were unable to meet their obligations with respect to accounts payable to us, we could be forced to write off such accounts and may be required to delay the recognition of revenue on future sales to the affected customers. These events could have a material adverse effect on our financial results.

There can be no assurance that we will be successful in developing and marketing, on a timely basis, new products or product enhancements or that the new products will adequately address the changing needs of the marketplace or that we will successfully manage the transition from existing products. There can be no assurance that errors will not be found in any new or enhanced products. Certain products require a higher level of sales and support expertise or external validation. Failure of our sales channel and sales representatives, particularly the independent channel partners, to obtain this expertise and to sell the new product offerings effectively could have an adverse impact on our sales in future periods. We do not have a comprehensive network of resellers, value added resellers, and similar entities and we may not be successful in developing a global sales network with qualified and experienced channel partners. Any of these problems may result in the loss of or delay in customer acceptance, diversion of product development resources, damage to our reputation, or increased service costs, any of which could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial position, results of operations and cash flows.

The market for our products and services has not been established with precision, is still emerging and may not achieve the growth potential we expect or may grow more slowly than expected.

The market for our products and services has not been established with precision as the commercialization of space is a relatively new development and is rapidly evolving. Our views of the total addressable market are based

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on a number of third-party reports and management estimates, which may or may not accurately reflect future market size and growth. As a result, our views of the total addressable market may prove to be incorrect.

We face intense competition that may cause us to have to either reduce our prices for our products and services or to lose market share.

We operate in highly competitive industries that are evolving and many of our competitors are larger and have substantially greater resources than we have. Our products and services compete with satellite and aerial imagery and related products and services offered by a range of private and government providers. Our current or future competitors may have superior technologies or greater financial, personnel and other resources than we have. The value of our products and services may also be diluted by related products and services that are available free of charge.

Competition in our imagery services business is highly diverse, and while our competitors offer different products, there is often competition for contracts that are part of governmental budgets. Our major existing and potential competitors for our products and services include commercial satellite imagery companies, state-owned imagery providers, aerial imagery companies, free sources of imagery and unmanned aerial vehicles. We also face competition from companies that provide geospatial data analytic information and services to the U.S. government, including defense prime contractors.

Our competitors or potential competitors could, in the future, offer satellite-based imagery or other products and services with more attractive features than our products and services. The emergence of new remote imaging technologies or the continued growth of low-cost imaging satellites could negatively affect our marketing efforts. More importantly, if competitors develop and launch satellites or other imagery-content sources with more advanced capabilities and technologies than ours, or offer products and services at lower prices than ours, our business and results of operations could be harmed. Due to competitive pricing pressures, such as new product introductions by us or our competitors or other factors, the selling price of our products and services may further decrease. If we are unable to offset decreases in our average selling prices by increasing our sales volumes or by adjusting our product mix, our revenue and operating margins may decline and our financial position may be harmed.

The U.S. government and foreign governments may develop, construct, launch and operate their own imagery satellites with capabilities similar to ours, which could reduce their need to rely on us and other commercial suppliers. In addition, such governments could sell or provide free of charge Earth imagery from their satellites and thereby compete with our products and services. Also, governments may at times make our imagery freely available for humanitarian purposes, which could impair our revenue growth with non-governmental organizations.

In addition, some of our foreign competitors currently benefit from, and others may benefit in the future from, subsidies and other protective measures by their home countries where governments are providing financial support, including significant investments in the development of new technologies. Government support of this nature greatly reduces the commercial risks associated with satellite development activities for these competitors. This market environment may result in increased pressures on our pricing and other competitive factors.

Some of our competitors have made or could make acquisitions of businesses that allow them to offer more competitive and comprehensive solutions. As a result of such acquisitions, our current or potential competitors may be able to accelerate the adoption of new technologies that better address customer needs, devote greater resources to bring these products and services to market, initiate or withstand substantial price competition, or develop and expand their product and service offerings more quickly than we do. These competitive pressures in our market or our failure to compete effectively may result in fewer orders, reduced revenue and margins, and loss of market share. In addition, industry consolidation may impact customers’ perceptions of the viability of smaller or even mid-size companies and consequently customers’ willingness to purchase from such firms.


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We may not compete successfully against our current or potential competitors. If we are unable to compete successfully, or if competing successfully requires us to take costly actions in response to the actions of our competitors, our business, financial condition, and results of operations could be adversely affected. In addition, companies competing with us may have a different pricing or distribution model. Increased competition could result in fewer customer orders, price reductions, reduced margins, and loss of market share, any of which could harm our business and results of operations.

We have incurred significant losses each year since our inception, we expect our operating expenses to increase, and we cannot give assurances of our future profitability, if any.

We have incurred significant losses each year since our inception and we may never achieve or maintain profitability. As of December 31, 2022, we had an accumulated deficit of $545.1 million. As we continue to expand our business, and the breadth of our operations, upgrade our infrastructure, expand into new markets, invest in research and development, invest in sales and marketing, including expanding our sales organization, and incur costs associated with general administration, including expenses related to being a public company and hiring additional employees, we expect that our costs of revenue and operating expenses will continue to increase. As we seek to grow our customer base, we may also incur increased losses because the costs associated with acquiring and growing our customers and with research and development are generally incurred upfront, while our revenue from customer contracts is generally recognized over the contract term. We may not be able to increase our revenue at a rate sufficient to offset increases in our costs of revenue and operating expenses in the near term or at all, which would prevent us from achieving or maintaining profitability in the future. Any failure by us to achieve, and then sustain or increase, profitability on a consistent basis could adversely affect our business, financial condition, and results of operations. If we are unable to become profitable, we may not be able to execute our business plan, our prospects may be harmed, and our stock price may be adversely affected and decline.

The global COVID-19 pandemic has created operational challenges that have negatively affected our business and operations.

As a result of the COVID-19 pandemic, our workforce has been operating in a hybrid environment. We are monitoring and evaluating the impacts on our operations and work force from the transition to a hybrid work environment, such as our ability to sustain productivity and the mental health of our workforce, to maintain and grow our culture in a hybrid environment, to comply with regulations and laws for workers we have hired in new states, to mitigate the physical and cybersecurity risks that stem from a decentralized work environment, and to manage the continued delays in the supply chain. The longer-term impacts of the various operational challenges associated with the transition to a hybrid work environment could continue to harm our business and results of operations.

Risks Related to Our Operations

Any significant disruption in or unauthorized access to our computer systems or those of third parties that we utilize in our operations, including those relating to cybersecurity or arising from cyber-attacks, could result in a loss or degradation of service, unauthorized disclosure of data, or theft or tampering of intellectual property, any of which could materially adversely impact our business.

Our operations, products, solutions, analysis and intellectual property are inherently at risk of loss, inappropriate access or use, or tampering by both insider threats and external bad actors. In particular, as a defense contractor, we face various cyber and other security threats, including attempts to gain unauthorized access to sensitive information and networks; insider threats; threats to the safety of our directors, officers and employees; threats to the security and viability of our facilities, infrastructure and supply chain; and threats from state-sponsored and otherwise sophisticated actors, terrorist acts or other acts of aggression. Our customers and partners (including our supply chain and joint ventures and our service providers) face similar threats and growing requirements. Customer or partner proprietary, classified, or sensitive information stored on our networks is at risk. Although we utilize various procedures and controls to monitor and mitigate the risk of these threats, there can be no assurance that these

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procedures and controls will be sufficient. We have suffered incidents of physical intrusions to our facilities in the past. Any further incidents or other security breaches or incidents suffered by us or those on which we rely could lead to losses or unauthorized disclosure of sensitive information or capabilities; unauthorized access to infrastructure or equipment theft or loss of, or unauthorized access to, use of, or other processing of data; harm to personnel, infrastructure or products; regulatory actions; and/or financial liabilities. Further, any such event, or any perception any such event has occurred, could result in private claims, demands and litigation, regulatory investigations and other proceedings, fines, penalties, and other liabilities as well as potential damage to our reputation as a government contractor and provider of cyber-related or cyber-protected goods and services.

Cyber and other security threats are continuously evolving and include, but are not limited to: malicious software, destructive malware, attempts to gain unauthorized access to data, disruption or denial of service attacks, phishing and other social engineering attacks, and other physical and electronic security breaches and incidents that could lead to disruptions in mission critical systems; unauthorized release of confidential, personal or otherwise protected information (our information or that of our employees, customers or partners); corruption of data, networks or systems; harm to individuals; and loss of assets. Threats to and vulnerabilities in our systems and infrastructure and those of our partners may result from human error, fraud or malice on the part of our employees, third-party service providers and other partners or by malicious third parties, including state-sponsored organizations with significant financial and technological resources, or from accidental technological failure. Some actors now engage and are expected to continue to engage in cyber-attacks, including without limitation nation-state actors for geopolitical reasons and in conjunction with military conflicts and defense activities. During times of war and other major conflicts, we, and the third parties upon which we rely, may be vulnerable to a heightened risk of these attacks, including retaliatory cyber-attacks, that could materially disrupt our systems and operations, supply chain, and ability to produce, sell and distribute our goods and services. In addition, we could be impacted by cyber threats or other disruptions or vulnerabilities found in products we use or in our partners’ or customers’ systems that are used in connection with our business. Any of these events, if not prevented or effectively mitigated, could damage our reputation, require remedial actions and other actions in response, and lead to loss of business and harm to our market position, regulatory investigations and proceedings, potential claims, litigation, and other proceedings, fines, penalties, and liability and other financial losses. We may face difficulties or delays in identifying, responding to, and otherwise mitigating security breaches and incidents, and in the event of any security event, we may be required or find it appropriate to expend increased financial and other resources in an effort to prevent and otherwise address security breaches and incidents.

We provide systems, products and services to various customers (both governmental and commercial) who also face cyber threats. Our systems, products and services may themselves be subject to cyber threats and/or they may not be able to detect or properly deter threats, or effectively mitigate resulting losses. These losses could adversely affect our customers and our company.

The impact of these various factors is difficult to predict, but one or more of them could result in the loss of information or capabilities, harm to individuals or property, damage to our reputation, loss of business, contractual or regulatory actions and potential liabilities, and perception or report that any such security breach or incident may harm our reputation and market position, any of which could have a material adverse effect on our financial position, results of operations and/or cash flows. We could be forced to expend significant financial and operational resources in response to any actual or perceived security breach or security incident, including in repairing system damage, increasing cybersecurity protection costs by deploying additional personnel and modifying or enhancing our protection technologies, investigating and remediating any information security vulnerabilities, notifying affected individuals and otherwise remediating or responding to any such breach or incident, and litigating and resolving regulatory investigations and other proceedings and legal claims and litigation, all of which could divert resources and the attention of our management and key personnel. We do not currently process classified data on our systems. However, a cyber or physical security event that involves classified or other sensitive government information or certain controlled technical information, could subject us to civil or criminal penalties and could result in loss of our facility security clearance and other accreditations, loss of our government contracts, loss of access to classified information, loss of export privileges or debarment as a government contractor.


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Cybersecurity risks and cyber incidents could result in the compromise of confidential data or critical data systems and give rise to potential harm to customers, remediation and other expenses under consumer protection laws or other laws or common law theories, subject us to litigation and federal and state governmental inquiries, damage our reputation, and otherwise be disruptive to our business and operations.

Cyber incidents can result from deliberate attacks or unintentional events. We collect and store on our networks sensitive information, including intellectual property, proprietary business information and personal data of individuals, such as our customers and employees. The secure maintenance of this information and technology is critical to our business operations. We have implemented multiple layers of security measures designed to protect the confidentiality, integrity, availability and privacy of this data and the systems and devices that store and transmit such data. We utilize current security technologies, and our defenses are monitored and routinely tested internally. Despite these efforts, threats from malicious persons and groups, new vulnerabilities and advanced new attacks against information systems create risk of cybersecurity incidents. These incidents can include, but are not limited to, gaining unauthorized access to digital systems for purposes of misappropriating assets or sensitive information, corrupting data, or causing operational disruption. Because the techniques used to obtain unauthorized access, disable or degrade service, or sabotage systems change frequently and may not immediately produce signs of intrusion, we may be unable to anticipate these incidents or techniques, timely discover them, or implement adequate preventative measures.

These threats can come from a variety of sources, ranging in sophistication from an individual hacker to malfeasance by employees, consultants or other service providers to state-sponsored attacks. Cyber threats may be generic, or they may be custom-crafted against our information systems. Over the past several years, cyber-attacks have become more prevalent and much harder to detect and defend against. Our network and storage applications and other systems used in our business and operations may be vulnerable to cyber-attack, malicious intrusion, ransomware or other malicious software, malfeasance, loss of data privacy or other significant disruption and may be subject to unauthorized access by hackers, employees, consultants or other service providers. In addition, hardware, software or applications we develop or procure from third parties may contain defects in design or manufacture or other problems that could unexpectedly compromise information security. Unauthorized parties may also attempt to gain access to our systems or facilities through fraud, trickery or other forms of deceiving our employees, contractors and temporary staff. Further, with the COVID-19 pandemic having resulted in a significant number of people working remotely, the cybersecurity risks we face may be heightened by an increased attack surface across our business and those of our service providers and other third parties we work with. Additionally, in connection with Russia’s actions in Ukraine, cybersecurity researchers have warned of the potential for increases cybersecurity activity.

There can be no assurance that we will not be subject to cybersecurity incidents that bypass our security measures, impact the integrity, availability or privacy of data, including data that may be subject to privacy or security laws or disrupt our information systems, devices or business. As a result, cybersecurity, physical security and the continued development and enhancement of our controls, processes and practices designed to protect our enterprise, information systems and data from attack, damage or unauthorized access remain a priority for us. As cyber threats continue to evolve, we may be required to expend significant additional resources to continue to modify or enhance our protective measures or to investigate and remediate any cybersecurity vulnerabilities. The occurrence of any of these events, or the perception any such event has occurred, could result in:

harm to customers;
business interruptions and delays;
the loss, misappropriation, corruption or unauthorized access to, or alteration or unavailability of data;
the loss of the ability to communicate with our satellites or for our satellites to communicate with our ground stations;
claims, demands and litigation, including potential class action litigation, and potential liability under privacy, security and consumer protection laws or other applicable laws;
notification to governmental agencies, the media and/or affected individuals pursuant to various federal, state and international privacy and security laws;

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regulatory fines and sanctions;
reputational damage;
increase to insurance premiums; and
foreign, federal and state governmental inquiries, investigations and other proceedings.

Any of the foregoing events could have a material, adverse effect on our financial position and operating results and harm our business reputation.

We maintain cyber liability insurance policies covering certain security and privacy damages. However, we cannot be certain that our coverage will be adequate for liabilities actually incurred or that insurance will continue to be available to us on economically reasonable terms, or at all. Risks related to cybersecurity will increase as we continue to grow the scale and functionality of our geospatial data and analytics platform and process, store, and transmit increasingly large amounts of our customers’ information and data, which may include proprietary or confidential data or personal data.

We depend on computing infrastructure operated by Amazon Web Services (“AWS”), Microsoft, and other third parties, including other SaaS companies, to support some of our customers and any errors, disruption, performance problems, or failure in their or our operational infrastructure could adversely affect our business, financial condition, and results of operations.

We rely on the technology, infrastructure, and software applications, including software-as-a-service offerings, of certain third parties, such as AWS and Microsoft Azure, in order to operate some or all of certain key features or functions of our business, including deployment of our cloud-based imagery services and other geospatial and data analytic services, customer relationship management activities, billing and order management, and financial accounting services. We do not have control over the operations of the facilities of the third parties that we use. If any of these third-party services experience errors, disruptions, security issues, or other performance deficiencies, if they are updated such that they become incompatible, if these services, software, or hardware fail or become unavailable due to extended outages, interruptions, defects, or otherwise, or if they are no longer available on commercially reasonable terms or prices (or at all), these issues could result in errors or defects in the delivery of our products and services that include the development, integration, and operations of satellite and ground systems, our revenue and margins could decline, or our reputation and brand could be damaged, we could be exposed to legal or contractual liability, our expenses could increase, our ability to manage our operations could be interrupted, and our processes for managing our sales and servicing our customers could be impaired until equivalent services or technology, if available, are identified, procured, and implemented, all of which may take significant time and resources, increase our costs, and could adversely affect our business. Many of these third-party providers attempt to impose limitations on their liability for such errors, disruptions, defects, performance deficiencies, or failures, and if enforceable, we may have additional liability to our customers or third-party providers.

Our business is dependent upon our ability to keep pace with the latest technological changes.

The market for our products and services is characterized by rapid technological change and evolving industry standards and, as we try to define a new market for first-to-know insights, the need to evolve is even more acute. Failure to respond in a timely and cost-effective way to these technological developments would result in serious harm to our business and operating results. We have derived, and we expect to continue to derive, a substantial portion of our revenue from providing products and services that are based upon today’s leading technologies and that are capable of adapting to future technologies. As a result, our success will depend, in part, on our ability to develop and market service offerings that respond in a timely manner to the technological advances and needs of our customers, and evolving industry standards.

We believe that, in order to remain competitive in the future, we will need to continue to invest significant financial resources to develop new offerings and technologies or to adapt or modify our existing offerings and technologies, including through internal research and development, acquisitions and joint ventures or other teaming

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arrangements. These expenditures could divert our attention and resources from other projects, and we cannot be sure that these expenditures will ultimately lead to the timely development of new offerings and technologies or identification of and expansion into new markets. Due to the design complexity of our products, we may, in the future, experience delays in completing the development and introduction of new products. Any delays could result in increased costs of development or deflect resources from other projects. In addition, there can be no assurance that the market for our products and services will develop or continue to expand or that we will be successful in newly identified markets as we currently anticipate. The failure of our technology to gain market acceptance could significantly reduce our revenue and harm our business. Market acceptance of our commercial high-resolution imagery and related products and services depends on a number of factors, including the quality, scope, timeliness, sophistication, price and the availability of substitute products and services. We cannot be sure that our competitors will not develop competing technologies that gain market acceptance in advance of our technologies or develop technologies that better meet the needs of our customers. The possibility exists that our competitors might develop new technology or offerings that might cause our existing technology and offerings to become obsolete. If we fail to develop, manufacture, and market innovative technologies or services that meet customers’ requirements or our technologies and services fail to achieve market acceptance more rapidly as compared to our competitors, our ability to procure new contracts could be negatively impacted and our business may not continue to grow in line with historical rates or at all. If we are unable to achieve sustained growth, we may be unable to execute our business strategy, expand our business or fund other liquidity needs and our business, financial condition, and results of operations could be materially and adversely affected.

Our business involves significant risks and uncertainties that may not be covered by insurance.For example, if one or more of our satellite launches result in catastrophic failure or one or more of our in-orbit satellites or payloads fail, and we have not obtained insurance coverage or have not obtained sufficient insurance coverage, we could be required to record significant impairment charges for the satellite or payload.

We endeavor to obtain insurance coverage from established insurance carriers to cover certain risks and liabilities related to our business. However, the amount of insurance coverage that we maintain may not be adequate to cover all claims or liabilities. Existing coverage may be canceled while we remain exposed to the risk and it is not possible to obtain insurance to protect against all operational risks, natural hazards and liabilities.

While we maintain insurance to cover certain risks and liabilities related to our business, we have not historically obtained and may not maintain launch or in-orbit insurance coverage for our satellites to address the risk of potential systemic anomalies, failures, collisions with our satellites or other satellites or debris, or catastrophic events affecting the existing satellite system. If one or more of our in-orbit uninsured satellites or payloads fail, one or more of our uninsured satellites is destroyed during failed launch, or if we have not obtained sufficient insurance for a particular event, we could be required to record significant impairment charges for the satellite or payload.

We may review the purchase of launch insurance on a case-by-case basis evaluating the launch history of our launch provider, number of satellites to be deployed on the launch vehicle, the status of our constellation, our ability to launch additional satellites in the near term, and the cost of insurance, among other factors. We will evaluate risks associated with our satellite business and strive to ensure that such risks are appropriately insured. In some instances, we may not maintain launch or in-orbit insurance coverage for our satellites.

Although we maintain insurance policies, we cannot provide assurance that this insurance will be adequate to protect us from all material judgments and expenses related to potential future claims or that these levels of insurance will be available in the future at economical prices or at all. A successful liability claim could result in substantial cost to us. Even if we are fully insured as it relates to a claim, the claim could nevertheless diminish our brand and divert management’s attention and resources, which could have a negative impact on our business, financial condition, and results of operations.

In addition, even though we carry business interruption insurance policies, any business interruption losses could exceed the coverage available or be excluded from our insurance policies. Any disruption of our ability to operate our business could result in a material decrease in our revenue or significant additional costs to replace,

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repair or insure our assets, which could have a material adverse impact on our business, financial condition, and results of operations.

Issues in the use of artificial intelligence (“AI”), including machine learning, in our geospatial data and analytics platforms may result in reputational harm or liability.

AI is enabled by or integrated into some of our geospatial data and analytics platforms and is a growing element of our business offerings. As with many developing technologies, AI presents risks and challenges that could affect its further development, adoption, and use, and therefore our business. AI algorithms may be flawed. Datasets may be insufficient, of poor quality, or contain biased information. Inappropriate or controversial data practices by data scientists, engineers, and end-users of our systems could impair the acceptance of AI solutions. If the recommendations, forecasts, or analyses that AI applications assist in producing are deficient or inaccurate, we could be subjected to competitive harm, potential legal liability, and brand or reputational harm. Some AI scenarios present ethical issues. Though our technologies and business practices are designed to mitigate many of these risks, if we enable or offer AI solutions that are controversial because of their purported or real impact on our financial condition and operations or the financial condition and operations of our customers, we may experience competitive harm, legal liability and brand or reputational harm.

Our products and services are complex and could have unknown defects or errors, which may increase our costs, harm our reputation with customers, give rise to costly litigation, or divert our or our customers’ resources from other purposes. We devote substantial resources to research and development, which could cause our operating results to decline.

Our products and services, including our satellites, satellite systems, and ground station infrastructure, are extremely complex and must operate successfully with complex hardware and software from other vendors. Despite testing, our Spectra AI platform and products have contained defects and errors and may in the future contain defects or errors, or experience performance problems when first introduced, when new versions or enhancements are released, or even after these products have been used by our customers for a period of time. We also employ sophisticated design and testing processes and practices for our satellites and satellite systems, which include a range of stringent factory and on-site acceptance tests with criteria and requirements that are jointly developed with customers. Our systems may not be successfully implemented, pass required acceptance criteria, or operate or give the desired output, or we may not be able to detect and fix all defects in the satellites and our products and services. These problems could result in expensive and time-consuming design modifications or warranty charges, delays in the introduction of new products or enhancements, significant increases in our service and maintenance costs, diversion of our personnel’s attention from our product development efforts, exposure to liability for damages, damaged customer relationships, and harm to our reputation, any of which could materially harm our results of operations. In addition, increased development costs could be substantial and could reduce our operating margins.

The existence of any defects, errors, or failures in our products or the misuse of our products could also lead to lawsuits against us, result in injury, death, or property damage, and significantly damage our reputation and support for our products and services in general. Alleviating any of these problems could require additional significant expenditures of our capital and other resources and could cause interruptions, delays, or cessation of our product licenses, which could cause us to lose existing or potential customers and could adversely affect our business, financial condition, results of operations, and growth prospects.

In addition, our products and services integrate a wide variety of other elements, and our products and services must successfully interoperate with products from other vendors and our customers’ internally developed software. As a result, when problems occur for a customer using our products and services, it may be difficult to identify the sources of these problems. The occurrence of software errors or errors in data, whether or not caused by our products and services, could delay or reduce market acceptance of our products and services and have an adverse effect on our business and financial performance, and any necessary revisions may cause us to incur significant expenses. In addition, we may not deliver or maintain interoperability quickly or cost-effectively, or at all. These efforts require capital investment and engineering resources. If we fail to maintain the compatibility of our products

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and services with our customers’ network and security infrastructures, our customers may not be able to fully adopt our offerings, and we may, among other consequences, experience reduced demand for our products and services, which could adversely affect our business, financial condition, and results of operations. Further, the incorrect or improper implementation or use of our software, our failure to train customers on how to benefit from full utilization of our platform, or our failure to provide support services to our customers may result in errors or loss of data and as a result, dissatisfied customers, negative publicity, and harm to our reputation and brand, or legal claims against us.

We have limited experience with respect to determining the optimal prices and pricing structures for our products and services.

We expect that we may need to change our pricing model from time to time, including as a result of competition, global economic conditions, reductions in our customers’ spending levels generally, changes in product mix, pricing studies or changes in how information technology infrastructure is broadly consumed. Similarly, as we introduce new products and services, or as a result of the evolution of our existing products and services, we may have difficulty determining the appropriate price structure for our products and services. In addition, as new and existing competitors introduce new products or services that compete with ours, or revise their pricing structures, we may be unable to attract new customers at the same price or based on the same pricing model as we have used historically. Moreover, as we continue to target selling our products and services to larger organizations, these larger organizations may demand substantial price concessions. As a result, we may be required from time to time to revise our pricing structure or reduce our prices, which could adversely affect our business, financial condition, and results of operations.

If we fail to meet our service level commitments, our business, results of operations and financial condition could be adversely affected.

Our agreements with customers and resellers may provide for service level commitments, which contain specifications regarding the availability and performance of our products and services such as assured access and guaranteed capacity. Any failure of or disruption to our infrastructure could impact the performance of our satellites and the availability of our products and services to our customers. If we are unable to meet our stated service level commitments or if we suffer extended periods of poor performance or unavailability of our products and services, we may be contractually obligated to provide affected customers with service credits for future subscriptions, and, in certain cases, face contract termination with refunds of prepaid amounts. If we suffer performance issues or downtime that exceeds the service level commitments under our contracts with our customers, our business, financial condition, and results of operations would be adversely affected.

Our business, financial condition, results of operations, and prospects may be harmed if we are unable to cross-sell our solutions.

A significant component of our growth strategy is to increase the cross-selling of our products and services to current and future customers, however, we may not be successful in doing so if our customers find our additional solutions to be unnecessary or unattractive. We have invested, and intend to continue to invest, significant resources in developing and acquiring additional solutions, which resources may not be recovered if we are unable to successfully cross-sell these solutions to customers using our existing solutions. Any failure to sell additional solutions to current and future customers could harm our business, financial condition, results of operations, and prospects.

Any failure to offer high-quality technical support may harm our relationships with our customers and have a negative impact on our business and financial condition.

Our customers depend on our customer support team to resolve technical and operational issues relating to our products and services. Our ability to provide effective customer support is largely dependent on our ability to attract, train, and retain qualified personnel with experience in supporting customers with products and services such as

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ours. The number of our customers has grown significantly and that has and will put additional pressure on our customer support team, especially as we expand our hours of operation. We may be unable to respond quickly enough to accommodate short-term increases in customer demand for technical support. We also may be unable to modify the scope and delivery of our technical support to compete with changes in the technical support provided by our competitors. Increased customer demand for support, without corresponding revenue, could increase costs and negatively affect our operating results.

As we continue to grow our operations and expand internationally, we need to be able to provide efficient customer support that meets our customers’ needs globally at scale and our customer support team will face additional challenges, including those associated with delivering support, training, and documentation in languages other than English. If we are unable to provide efficient customer support globally at scale, our ability to grow our operations may be harmed and we may need to hire additional support personnel, which could negatively impact our operating results. In addition, we provide self-service support resources to our customers. Some of these resources rely on engagement and collaboration with other partners. If we are unable to continue to develop self-service support resources that are easy to use and that our customers utilize to resolve their technical issues, customers may continue to direct support requests to our customer support team instead of relying on our self-service support resources and our customers’ experience with our geospatial data and analytics platform may be negatively impacted. Any failure to maintain high-quality support, or a market perception that we do not maintain high-quality support, could harm our reputation, our ability to sell our products and services to existing and prospective customers, and our business, financial condition, and results of operations.

We are obligated to develop and maintain proper and effective internal control over financial reporting. If we identify material weaknesses in the future, or otherwise fail to develop and maintain an effective system of internal controls, our ability to produce timely and accurate financial statements or comply with applicable regulations could be adversely affected, which may adversely affect investor confidence in our company and the value of our Class A common stock.

Our management is responsible for establishing and maintaining adequate internal control over financial reporting, as defined in the Exchange Act Rule 13a-15(f). Our internal control over financial reporting is designed to provide reasonable assurance to our management and board of directors regarding the preparation and fair presentation of published financial statements. A material weakness is a deficiency, or a combination of deficiencies, in internal control over financial reporting such that there is a reasonable possibility that a material misstatement of our annual or interim financial statements will not be prevented, or detected and corrected on a timely basis.

We may discover control deficiencies in the future, and we cannot assure you that we will not have a material weakness in future periods. If we are unable to successfully remediate any future material weakness and otherwise to establish and maintain an effective system of internal control over financial reporting, the reliability of our financial reporting, investor confidence in us and the value of our Class A common stock could be materially and adversely affected. Similarly, if our remedial measures are insufficient to address any future material weakness on a timely basis, our consolidated financial statements may contain material misstatements and we could be required to restate our financial results.

Additionally, the process of designing and implementing internal control over financial reporting required to comply with Section 404 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 will be time consuming, costly and complicated. Moreover, the effectiveness of our controls and procedures may be limited by a variety of factors, including:

faulty human judgment and simple errors, omissions or mistakes;
fraudulent action of an individual or collusion of two or more people;
inappropriate management override of procedures; and
the possibility that any enhancements to controls and procedures may still not be adequate to assure timely and accurate financial control.
Our ability to use net operating loss carryforwards and certain other tax attributes may be limited.

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As of December 31, 2022, we had $53.1 million of tax-effected U.S. federal net operating loss carryforwards available to reduce future taxable income. It is possible that we will not generate sufficient taxable income in time to use these net operating loss carryforwards before their expiration or at all. Under legislative changes made in December 2017, U.S. federal net operating losses incurred in 2018 and in future years may be carried forward indefinitely, but the deductibility of such net operating losses is limited to 80% of taxable income. Limitations under state law may differ. In addition, our federal and state net operating loss carryforwards and certain tax credits may be subject to significant limitations under Section 382 and Section 383 of the U.S. Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended (the “Code”), respectively, and similar provisions of state law. Under those sections of the Code, if a corporation undergoes an “ownership change,” the corporation’s ability to use its pre-change net operating loss carryforwards and other pre-change attributes, such as research tax credits, to offset its post-change income or tax may be limited. In general, an “ownership change” will occur if there is a cumulative change in our ownership (by value) by “5-percent shareholders” that exceeds 50 percentage points over a rolling three-year period. Similar rules may apply under state tax laws. We completed our analysis of historical “ownership changes” for purposes of Section 382 and Section 383 of the Code and believe an immaterial portion of our cumulative federal net operating loss carryforwards will expire unutilized.

Risks Related to Our Government Contracts

Our business with various governmental entities is subject to the policies, priorities, regulations, mandates, and funding levels of such governmental entities and may be negatively or positively impacted by any change thereto.

We have contracts with the U.S. government, and we may enter into additional contracts with the U.S. government in the future, and this subjects a large part of our business to statutes and regulations applicable to companies doing business with the government, including the Federal Acquisition Regulation (“FAR”). These government contracts customarily contain provisions that give the government substantial, and sometime unilateral, rights and remedies, many of which are not typically found in commercial contracts and which are unfavorable to contractors. The FAR governs all aspects of government contracting, including contractor qualifications and acquisition procedures. The FAR provisions in U.S. government contracts must be complied with in order for the contract to be awarded and provides for government audits and reviews of contract procurement, performance and administration.

For instance, most U.S. government agencies include provisions that allow the government to unilaterally terminate or modify contracts for its convenience, and in that event, the counterparty to the contract may generally recover only its incurred or committed costs and settlement expenses and profit on work completed prior to the termination. If the government terminates a contract for default, the defaulting party may be liable for any extra costs incurred by the government in procuring undelivered items from another source.

Government contracts often also contain provisions and are subject to laws and regulations that provide government customers with additional rights and remedies not typically found in commercial contracts. These rights and remedies allow government customers, among other things, to:

Terminate existing contracts for convenience with no prior notice;
Reduce orders under or otherwise modify contracts unilaterally;
For contracts subject to the Truth in Negotiations Act, reduce the contract price or cost where it was increased because a contractor or subcontractor furnished cost or pricing data during negotiations that was not current, accurate, and complete;
For some contracts, (i) demand a refund, make a forward price adjustment, or terminate a contract for default if a contractor provided inaccurate or incomplete data during the contract negotiation process and (ii) reduce the contract price under triggering circumstances, including the revision of price lists or other documents upon which the contract award was predicated;

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Cancel multi-year contracts and related orders if funds for contract performance for any subsequent year become unavailable;
Decline to exercise an option to renew a multi-year contract;
Claim rights in solutions, systems, or technology produced by us, appropriate such work-product for their continued use without continuing to contract for our services, and disclose such work-product to third parties, including other government agencies and our competitors, which could harm our competitive position;
Prohibit future procurement awards with a particular agency due to a finding of organizational conflicts of interest based upon prior related work performed for the agency that would give a contractor an unfair advantage over competing contractors, or the existence of conflicting roles that might bias a contractor’s judgment;
Subject the award of contracts to protest by competitors, which may require the contracting federal agency or department to suspend our performance pending the outcome of the protest and may also result in a requirement to resubmit offers for the contract or in the termination, reduction, or modification of the awarded contract;
Suspend or debar us from doing business with the applicable government; and
Control or prohibit the export of our services.

In addition, government contracts normally contain additional requirements that may increase our costs of doing business, reduce our gross margins, and expose us to liability for failure to comply with these terms and conditions. These requirements include, for example:

specialized disclosure and accounting requirements unique to government contracts;
financial and compliance audits that may result in potential liability or price adjustments, recoupment of government funds for misapplication or identification of costs, civil and criminal penalties, or administrative sanctions such as suspension or debarment from doing business with the U.S. government;
public disclosures of certain contract and company information;
mandatory socioeconomic compliance requirements, including labor requirements, non-discrimination and affirmative action programs and environmental compliance requirements; and
requirements to procure certain materials, components and parts from specific countries or supply sources approved by the customer.

Government contracts are also generally subject to greater scrutiny by the government, which can initiate reviews, audits and investigations regarding our compliance with government contract requirements. New regulations or procurement requirements (including, for example regulations regarding counterfeit and corrupt parts, supply chain diligence and cybersecurity) or changes to current requirements could increase our costs and risk of non-compliance. In addition, if we fail to comply with government contracting laws, regulations and contract requirements, our contracts may be subject to termination, and we may be subject to financial and/or other liability under our contracts, the Federal Civil False Claims Act (including treble damages and other penalties), or criminal law. In particular, the False Claims Act’s “whistleblower” provisions also allow private individuals, including present and former employees, to sue on behalf of the U.S. government. Any penalties, damages, fines, suspension, or damages could adversely affect our ability to operate our business and our financial results.

Our role as a contractor to agencies and departments of the U.S. government results in our being routinely subject to investigations and reviews relating to compliance with various laws and regulations, including those associated with organizational conflicts of interest, procurement integrity, bid integrity and claim presentation, among others. These investigations may be conducted without our knowledge. Adverse findings in these investigations or reviews can lead to criminal, civil or administrative proceedings, and we could face civil and criminal penalties and administrative sanctions, including termination of contracts, forfeiture of profits, suspension of payments, fines and suspension or debarment from doing business with U.S. government agencies. In addition, we could suffer serious harm to our reputation and competitive position if allegations of impropriety were made against us, whether or not true. If our reputation or relationship with U.S. government agencies were impaired, or if

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the U.S. government otherwise ceased doing business with us or significantly decreased the amount of business it does with us, our revenue would decline.

Further, changes in government policies, priorities, regulations, use of commercial data providers to meet U.S. government imagery needs, government agency mandates, funding levels through agency budget reductions, the imposition of budgetary constraints or a decline in government support or deferment of funding for programs in which we or our customers participate could result in contract terminations, delays in contract awards, reduction in contract scope, performance penalties or breaches of our contracts, the failure to exercise contract options, the cancellation of planned procurements and fewer new business opportunities, all of which could negatively impact our business, financial condition, results of operations and cash flows. In addition, continued uncertainty related to recent and future disruptions in U.S. federal government operations, such as government shutdowns, the U.S. budget and/or failure of the U.S. government to enact annual appropriations, such as long-term funding under a continuing resolution, could have a material adverse impact on our revenue, earnings and cash flow and may negatively impact regulatory approvals and guidance that are important to our operations.

We face other risks and uncertainties associated with defense-related contracts, which may have a material adverse effect on our business.

Our products and services are incorporated into many different domestic and international defense programs. Whether our contracts are directly with the U.S. government, a foreign government, or one of their respective agencies, or indirectly as a subcontractor or team member, our contracts and subcontracts are subject to special risks. For example:

Changes in government administration and national and international priorities, including developments in the geopolitical environment, could have a significant impact on national or international defense spending priorities and the efficient handling of routine contractual matters. These changes could have a negative impact on our business in the future.
Because we contract to supply goods and services to the U.S. and foreign governments and their prime and subcontractors, we compete for contracts in a competitive bidding process. We may compete directly with other suppliers or align with a prime or subcontractor competing for a contract. We may not be awarded the contract if the pricing or product offering is not competitive, either at our level or the prime or subcontractor level. In addition, in the event we are awarded a contract, we are subject to protests by losing bidders of contract awards that can result in the reopening of the bidding process, re-evaluation and new award of the contract to another bidder. In addition, we may be subject to multiple rebid requirements over the life of a defense program in order to continue to participate in such program, which can result in the loss of the program or significantly reduce our revenue or margin from the program. The government’s requirements for more frequent technology refreshes on defense programs may lead to increased costs and lower long term revenue.
Consolidation among defense industry contractors has resulted in a few large contractors with increased bargaining power relative to us. The increased bargaining power of these contractors may adversely affect our ability to compete for contracts and, as a result, may adversely affect our business or results of operations in the future.

Our customers include U.S. government contractors who must comply with and are affected by laws and regulations relating to the formation, administration, and performance of U.S. government contracts. In addition, when we contract with the U.S. government, we must comply with these laws and regulations. A violation of these laws and regulations could result in the imposition of fines and penalties to us or our customers or the termination of our or their contracts with the U.S. government. As a result, there could be a delay in our receipt of orders from our customers, a termination of such orders, or a termination of contracts between us and the U.S. government.

A large portion of our contracts are with U.S. and international defense contractors or directly with the U.S. government on a commercial item basis, eliminating the requirement to disclose and certify cost data. To the extent that there are interpretations or changes in the FAR regarding the qualifications necessary to sell

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commercial items, there could be a material impact on our business and operating results. For example, there have been legislative proposals to narrow the definition of a “commercial item” (as defined in the FAR) or to require cost and pricing data on commercial items that could limit or adversely impact our ability to contract under commercial item terms. Changes could be accelerated due to changes in our mix of business, in federal regulations, or in the interpretation of federal regulations, which may subject us to increased oversight by the Defense Contract Audit Agency (“DCAA”) for certain of our products or services. Such changes could also trigger contract coverage under the Federal Cost Accounting Standards (“CAS”), further impacting our commercial operating model and requiring compliance with a defined set of business systems criteria. Growth in the value of certain of our contracts has increased our compliance burden, requiring us to implement new business systems to comply with such requirements. Failure to comply with applicable CAS requirements could adversely impact our ability to win future CAS-type contracts.
We are subject to the Defense Federal Acquisition Regulation Supplement (“DFARS”) and the Department of Defense (“DoD”) and other federal cybersecurity requirements, in connection with our defense work for the U.S. government and defense prime contractors. Amendments to DoD cybersecurity requirements, such as through amendments to the FAR or DFARS, may increase our costs or delay the award of contracts if we are unable to certify that we satisfy such cybersecurity requirements.
The U.S. government or a defense prime contractor customer could require us to relinquish data rights to a product in connection with performing work on a defense contract, which could lead to a loss of valuable technology and intellectual property in order to participate in a government program.
We are subject to various U.S. federal export-control statutes and regulations, which affect our business with, among others, international defense customers. In certain cases, the export of our products and technical data to foreign persons, and the provision of technical services to foreign persons related to such products and technical data, may require licenses from the U.S. Department of Commerce or the U.S. Department of State. The time required to obtain these licenses, and the restrictions that may be contained in these licenses, may put us at a competitive disadvantage with respect to competing with international suppliers who are not subject to U.S. federal export control statutes and regulations. In addition, violations of these statutes and regulations can result in civil and, under certain circumstances, criminal liability as well as administrative penalties which could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition, and results of operations.
Sales to our U.S. prime defense contractor customers as part of foreign military sales (“FMS”) programs combine several different types of risks and uncertainties highlighted above, including risks related to government contracts, risks related to defense contracts, timing and budgeting of foreign governments, and approval from the U.S. and foreign governments related to the programs, all of which may be impacted by macroeconomic and geopolitical factors outside of our control, including Russia’s actions in Ukraine.
We derive a portion of our revenue from programs with governments and government agencies that are subject to security restrictions (e.g., contracts involving classified information, classified contracts, and classified programs), which preclude the dissemination of information and technology that is classified for national security purposes under applicable law and regulation. In general, access to classified information, technology, facilities, or programs requires appropriate personnel security clearances, is subject to additional contract oversight and potential liability, and may also require appropriate facility clearances and other specialized infrastructure. Therefore, certain of our employees with appropriate security clearances may require access to classified information in connection with the performance of a U.S. government contract. We must comply with security requirements pursuant to the National Industrial Security Program Operating Manual (“NISPOM”) administered by the Defense Counterintelligence and Security Agency (“DCSA”), and other U.S. government security protocols when accessing sensitive information. Failure to comply with the NISPOM or other security requirements may subject us to civil or criminal penalties, loss of access to sensitive information, loss of a U.S. government contract, or potentially debarment as a government contractor. Further, the DCSA has transitioned its review of a contractor’s security program to focus on the protection of controlled unclassified information and assets. Failure to meet DCSA’s new, broader requirements could adversely impact the ability to win new business as a government contractor.
We may need to invest additional capital to build out higher level security infrastructure/obtain certain security accreditations to win contracts, and maintain them, related to defense programs with higher level security requirements. Failure to invest in such infrastructure may limit our ability to obtain new contracts

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with defense programs or maintain existing contracts that contain such contractual or regulatory security requirements. If we win contracts that require a higher level of security infrastructure/accreditation status and do not maintain such standards/accreditations, then it could result in contract termination that has a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition and results of operations, and reputational harm.

Changes in U.S. government policy regarding use of commercial data or space infrastructure providers, or material delay or cancellation of certain U.S. government programs, may have a material adverse effect on our revenue and our ability to achieve our growth objectives.

Current U.S. government policy encourages the U.S. government’s use of commercial data and space infrastructure providers to support U.S. national security objectives. We are considered by the U.S. government to be a commercial data provider. U.S. government policy is subject to change and any change in policy away from supporting the use of commercial data and space infrastructure providers to meet U.S. government imagery and space infrastructure needs, or any material delay or cancellation of planned U.S. government programs, could materially adversely affect our revenue and our ability to achieve our growth objectives.

If our subcontractors or suppliers fail to perform their contractual obligations, our performance and reputation as a contractor and our ability to obtain future business could suffer.

As a prime contractor to the U.S. government, from time to time we rely upon other companies as subcontractors to perform work we are obligated to perform for our customers. As we secure more work under certain of our contracts, we may require an increasing level of support from subcontractors that provide complementary and supplementary services to our offerings. We are responsible for the work performed by our subcontractors, even though in some cases we have limited involvement in that work. If one or more of our subcontractors fails to satisfactorily perform the agreed-upon services on a timely basis or violates U.S. government contracting policies, laws or regulations, our ability to perform our obligations as interpreteda prime contractor or meet our customers’ expectations may be compromised. In extreme cases, performance or other deficiencies on the part of our subcontractors could result in a customer terminating our contract for default. A termination for default could expose us to liability, including liability for the agency’s costs of re-procurement, could damage our reputation and applied,could hurt our ability to compete for future contracts.

We also are required to procure certain materials and parts from supply sources approved by the U.S. government. The inability of a supplier to meet our needs or the appearance of counterfeit parts in our products could have a material adverse effect on our financial position, results of operations or cash flows.

Risks Related to Our Satellites and Ground Stations

Our ability to grow our business depends on the successful production, launch, commissioning and/or operation of our satellites and related ground systems, which is subject to many uncertainties, some of which are beyond our control.

Our current primary research and development objectives focus on the development of our satellites and our products and services. We have limited operational experience with our satellites, and our Gen-3 satellites are still in development and may not be completed on time or at all and the costs associated with it may be greater than expected. While we estimate the gross costs associated with designing, building and launching our Gen-3 satellites will be significant, there can be no assurance that we will complete this on a timely basis, on budget or at all. Design, manufacture and launch of satellite systems are highly complex and historically have been subject to delays and cost over-runs. If we do not complete development of these satellites in our anticipated timeframes or at all, our ability to grow our business will be adversely affected. The successful development, integration, and operations of our satellites and our products and services involves many uncertainties, some of which are beyond our control, including, but not limited to:


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timing in finalizing satellite design and specifications;
performance of satellites and our space system meeting design specifications;
failure of satellites and our space system as a result of technological or manufacturing difficulties, design issues or other unforeseen matters;
engineering and/or manufacturing performance failing or falling below expected levels of output or efficiency;
increases in costs of materials;
changes in project scope;
our ability to obtain additional applicable approvals, licenses or certifications from regulatory agencies, if required, and maintaining current approvals, licenses or certifications;
performance of manufacturing facilities that we use despite risks that disrupt productions, such as natural disasters, catastrophic events or labor disputes;
performance of a limited number of suppliers for certain raw materials and supplied components, the accuracy of supplier representations as to the suitability of such raw materials and supplied components for our products, and their willingness to do business with us;
performance of our internal and third-party resources that support our research and development activities;
our ability to protect our intellectual property critical to the design and function of our satellites and our products and services;
our ability to continue funding and maintaining our research and development activities;
successful completion of demonstration missions; and
the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on us, our customers and suppliers, and the global economy.

If any of the above events occur, they could have a material adverse effect on our ability to continue to develop, integrate and operate our satellites and related infrastructure, products and services, which would materially adversely affect our business, financial condition and results of operations.

Loss of, or damage to, a satellite and the failure to obtain data or alternate sources of data for products and services may have an adverse impact on our business, financial condition, and results of operations. If our satellites and related equipment have shorter useful lives than we anticipate, we may be required to recognize impairment charges.

We rely on data collected from a number of sources including data obtained from our satellites and from third parties. We may become unable or limited in our ability to collect such data. For example, satellites can temporarily go out of service and be recovered, or cease to function for reasons beyond our control, including the quality of design and construction, the supply of fuel, the expected gradual environmental degradation of solar panels, the durability of various satellite components and the orbits and space environments in which the satellites are placed and operated. Electrostatic storms, collisions with other objects (including, but not limited to, space debris and other spacecrafts) or actions by malicious actors, including cyber related, could also damage the satellites and subject us to liabilities for any damages caused to other spacecrafts. Additionally, in certain instances, governments may discontinue for periods of time the access to or operation of a satellite for any particular area on the Earth and for various reasons may not permit transmission of certain data, whether from a satellite owned by the government or not.

Satellites can experience malfunctions, commonly referred to as anomalies, which have occurred and may occur in the future in our satellites. Any single anomaly could materially and adversely affect our ability to utilize the satellite. Anomalies may also reduce the expected capacity, commercial operation and/or useful life of a satellite, thereby reducing the revenue that could be generated by that satellite or create additional expenses due to the need to provide replacement or back-up satellites or satellite capacity earlier than planned and could have a material adverse effect on our business. For example, we have previously experienced the loss of a satellite that never went into commercial operations as a result of an anomaly, as well as a launch failure in which we lost two satellites before getting to orbit. In addition, if a satellite experiences a malfunction, our backup satellite capacity may be insufficient to meet all of our customers’ needs or cause service interruptions, and we may need to potentially blackout or reduce service to certain customers, which would adversely affect our relationships with our customers and result in loss of

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revenue. Although we work closely with our satellite manufacturer to determine and eliminate the cause of anomalies in new satellites and provide for redundancies of many critical components in the satellites, we may not be able to prevent the impacts of anomalies in the future.

Satellites have certain redundant systems which can fail partially or in their entirety and accordingly satellites may operate for extended periods without all redundant systems in operation, but with single points of failure. The failure of satellite components could cause damage to or loss of the use of a satellite before the end of its expected operational life. Certain of our satellites are nearing the end of their expected operational lives. As satellites near the end of their expected operational lives, we expect the performance of each satellite to decline gradually near the end of its expected operational life. We can offer no assurance that satellites will maintain their prescribed orbits or remain operational and we may not have replacement satellites that are immediately available.

We evaluate our satellites for impairment and test for recoverability whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that their carrying amount may not be recoverable. Certain of the anomalies previously disclosed may be considered to represent a significant adverse change in the physical condition of a particular satellite. There can be no assurance as to the actual operational life of a satellite or that the operational life of individual components will be consistent with their design life. A number of factors will impact the useful lives of our satellites, including, among other things, the quality of their design and construction, the durability of their component parts and availability of any replacement components, and the occurrence of any anomaly or series of anomalies or other risks affecting the satellites during launch and in orbit. In addition, any improvements in technology may make obsolete our existing satellites or any component of our satellites prior to the end of their lives. If our satellites and related equipment have shorter useful lives than we currently anticipate, this may lead to delays in increasing the rate of our commercial payloads and declines in actual or planned revenue, which would have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition, and results of operations.

Long-lived assets, including goodwill and intangible assets, are tested annually for impairment in the fourth quarter or whenever there is an indication that an asset may be impaired. Disruptions to our business, unexpected significant declines in our operating results, adverse technological events or changes in the regulatory markets in which we operate may result in impairment charges to our tangible and intangible assets. Any future impairment charges could substantially affect our reported results.

Satellites are subject to construction and launch delays, launch failures, damage or destruction during launch, the occurrence of which can materially and adversely affect our operations.

Delays in the construction of future satellites and the procurement of requisite components and launch vehicles, limited availability of appropriate launch windows, possible delays in obtaining regulatory approvals, satellite damage or destruction during launch, launch failures, or incorrect orbital placement could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition, and results of operations. The loss of, or damage to, a satellite due to a launch failure could result in significant delays in anticipated revenue to be generated by that satellite and/or significant impairment charges. For example, on May 15, 2021, a rocket carrying two of our satellites suffered a failure during flight, resulting in the loss of both satellites and, an impairment loss of $18.4 million. Any significant delay in the commencement of service of a satellite could delay or potentially permanently reduce the revenue anticipated to be generated by that satellite. In addition, if the loss of a satellite were to occur, we may not be able to accommodate affected customers with our other satellites or data from another source until a replacement satellite is available, and we may not have on hand, or be able to obtain in a timely manner, the necessary funds to cover the cost of any necessary satellite replacement. An extended launch delay beyond planned contingency, launch failure, underperformance, delay or perceived delay could have a material adverse effect on our business prospects, financial condition, and results of operations.

If our satellites fail to operate as intended, it could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition and results of operations.


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The manufacturing, testing, launching and operation of satellites involves complex processes and technology. Our satellites employ advanced technologies and sensors that are exposed to severe environmental stresses that have and could affect the performance of our satellite. Hardware component problems could lead to deterioration in performance or loss of functionality of a satellite. In addition, human operators may execute improper implementation commands that may negatively impact a satellite’s performance. Exposure of our satellites to an unanticipated catastrophic event, such as a meteor shower or a collision with space debris, could reduce the performance of, or completely destroy, the affected satellite. Even if a satellite is operated properly, minor technical flaws in the satellite’s sensors could significantly degrade their performance, which could materially affect our ability to collect imagery and market our products and services successfully.

We cannot provide assurances that our satellites will continue to operate successfully in space throughout their expected operational lives. Even if a satellite is operated properly, technical flaws in that satellite’s sensors or other technical deficiencies or anomalies could significantly hinder its performance, which could materially affect our ability to collect imagery and market our products and services successfully. While certain software deficiencies may be corrected remotely, most, if not all, of the satellite anomalies or debris collision damage cannot be corrected once the satellites are placed in orbit. Further, although we have some ability to actively maneuver our satellites to avoid potential collisions with space debris or other spacecraft, this ability is limited by, among other factors, uncertainties and inaccuracies in the projected orbit location of and predicted conjunctions with debris objects tracked and cataloged by the U.S. government. Additionally, some space debris is too small to be tracked and therefore its orbital location is completely unknown; nevertheless, this debris is still large enough to potentially cause severe damage or a failure of our satellites should a collision occur.

If we suffer a partial or total loss of a deployed satellite, we could need a significant amount of time and could incur substantial expense to replace that satellite. We may experience other problems with our satellites that may reduce their performance. During any period of time in which a satellite is not fully operational, we may lose most or all of the revenue that would have otherwise been derived from that satellite. Our inability to repair or replace a defective satellite or correct any other technical problem in a timely manner could result in a significant loss of revenue. If a satellite experiences a significant anomaly such that it becomes impaired or is no longer functional, it could significantly impact our business, prospects and profitability.

Currently we are dependent on LeoStella as the sole manufacturer of our satellites. Any significant disruption to LeoStella’s operations or facilities could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition, and results of operations.

In 2018, we formed LeoStella, a joint venture owned 50-50 between us and Thales Alenia Space US Investment LLC (“Thales”). LeoStella currently manufactures our Gen-2 and Gen-3 satellites, is assisting with the design of our Gen-3 satellites and has certain exclusivity and/or right of first refusal and right of last offer rights with respect to the supply of our satellites and certain related services to us, subject to certain exceptions. Our ability to execute our business strategy and grow our satellite constellation depends on efficient, proper, and uninterrupted operations at our satellite manufacturers. A significant disruption to our satellite manufacturers could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition and results of operations.

Our reliance on our satellite manufacturers poses a number of risks, including lack of control over the manufacturing process and ultimately over the quality and timing of delivery of our satellites. An infrastructure failure at a manufacturer’s facilities could result in the destruction of satellites under construction or inventory, manufacturing delays or additional costs incurred. LeoStella has limited operations and does not currently maintain back-up manufacturing facilities or operations. In addition, our arrangement with LeoStella limits our ability to use an alternative manufacturer for our satellites. A change in our relationship with LeoStella could result in a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition, and results of operations. A decision to change manufacturers would result in longer times for design and production as we develop relationships with new suppliers.


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We are dependent on a limited number of vendors to provide certain key raw materials, supplied components, products or services, including launch transport and launch services. The inability of these key vendors to meet our needs could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition, and results of operations.

Many raw materials and components, particularly for the construction of satellites and management of certain remote ground terminals and direct access facilities, are procured or subcontracted on a single or sole-source basis. Similarly, at this time, there are only a handful of companies who offer launch services and transportation services for our satellites and ground station equipment. Our ability to manage inventory, meet delivery requirements, and maintain launch schedules may be constrained by our suppliers’ inability to scale production and adjust delivery of long-lead time products during times of volatile demand. Our inability to fill our supply needs would jeopardize our ability to fulfill obligations under commercial and government contracts, which could, in turn, result in reduced sales, contract penalties or terminations and damage to customer relationships and could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition, results of operations, or cash flows. In the same vein, if the number of companies offering these products and services on which our business relies does not grow in the future or there is a consolidation among companies who offer these services, this could result in a shortage of materials and services, which may cause prices to increase or delays in our schedule, increase costs, cause gaps in our service, or otherwise adversely affect our ability to meet customer demand. Any of these situations could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition, and results of operations. While delays are common in the space industry, especially launch delays, any delay in a launch could result in a delay in recognizing revenue which could materially impact our financial statements or result in negative impacts to our earnings during a specified time period, which could have a material effect on our business, financial condition, and results of operations.

In addition, if these vendors are unable to meet our needs because they fail to perform adequately, are unable to match new technological requirements or problems, or are unable to dedicate engineering and other resources necessary to provide the services contracted for, our business, financial condition, and results of operations may be adversely affected. While alternative sources for key raw materials, supplied components, products, services, and technologies may exist, we may not be able to develop these alternative sources quickly and cost-effectively, which could materially impair our ability to operate our business. Furthermore, these vendors may request changes in pricing, payment terms or other contractual obligations, which could cause us to make substantial additional investments. Moreover, the imposition of tariffs or import/export restrictions on raw materials or supplied components could have a material adverse effect on our operations.

We have in the past experienced and may in the future experience delays in manufacturing or operation as we go through the requalification process with any replacement third-party supplier, as well as the limitations imposed by the ITAR, EAR, or other restrictions on transfer of sensitive technologies.

Our satellites may not be able to capture Earth images due to weather, natural disasters or other external factors, or as a result of our constellation of satellites having restrained capacity.

Our satellites may not be able to capture Earth images, either with sufficient clarity or detail, or at all, due to the occurrence of a variety of factors including cloud cover or haze; adverse weather conditions including hurricanes or tornadoes, fires or volcano eruptions; or other factors that are outside our control. Adverse weather conditions, such as clouds or haze, may also cause our satellites to experience technical difficulties communicating with the ground terminals or collecting imagery in the same quality or volume that was intended. In addition, space weather, such as solar flares, could take our satellites out of orbit, disrupt our ground communication networks, and affect the decay rate of our satellites. Further, if there is high demand on our constellation to capture images in a certain area, we may have difficulty tasking sufficient satellite coverage to capture high-resolution images in another region. The occurrence of any of the foregoing could result in lengthy interruptions in our services and/or damage our reputation, which could have a material adverse effect on our business, revenue, financial condition, and results of operations.

As a result of the foregoing, customers may not be able to procure images they want, which could adversely affect our relationship with such customers and our general reputation. Prolonged adverse periods of weather, natural disasters, or other external factors, such as restrained capacity, can worsen these impacts.

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Natural disasters, unusual weather conditions, epidemic outbreaks, terrorist acts and political events could impact our ground operations infrastructure, which could harm our business, prospects, financial condition and results of operations.

We operate an extensive ground infrastructure, including sites worldwide. These ground stations are used for controlling our satellites and downloading imagery to eventually be provided to our customers.

We may experience a partial or total loss of one or more of these facilities due to natural disasters (tornado, earthquake flood, hurricane or other natural events), fire, acts of war (including Russia’s actions in Ukraine) or terrorism or other catastrophic events. A failure at any of these facilities could cause a significant loss of service for our customers. Additionally, we may experience a failure in the necessary equipment at our satellite control center, at the back-up facility, or in the communication links between these facilities and remote teleport facilities. A failure or operator error affecting tracking, telemetry and control operations might lead to a break-down in the ability to communicate with one or more satellites or cause the transmission of incorrect instructions to the affected satellites, which could lead to a temporary or permanent degradation in satellite performance or to the loss of one or more satellites. Intentional or non-intentional electromagnetic or radio frequency interference, including by nation state actors or their agents, could result in a failure of our ability to deliver satellite services to our customers. A failure at any of our facilities or in the communications links between our facilities or interference with our satellite signal could cause our revenue to decline materially and could adversely affect our ability to market our services and harm our business, prospects, financial condition and results of operations.

Risks Related to Our Intellectual Property

Our technologies contain “open source” software, and any failure to comply with the terms of one or more of these open source licenses could negatively affect our business.

Many of our products are designed to include software licensed from third parties under “open source” licenses. Some of these licenses contain requirements that we make available source code for modifications or derivative works we create based upon the open source software, and that we license these modifications or derivative works under the terms of a particular open source license or other license granting third-parties certain rights of further use. If we combine our proprietary technologies with open source software in a certain manner, we could, under certain provisions of the open source licenses, be required to release the source code of our proprietary software. In addition to risks related to license requirements, use of open source software can lead to greater risks than use of third-party commercial software, as open source licensors generally do not provide updates, warranties, support, indemnities, assurances of title, or controls on origin of the software. Likewise, some open source projects have known security and other vulnerabilities and architectural instabilities, or are otherwise subject to security attacks due to their wide availability, and are provided on an “as-is” basis. We have implemented processes to help alleviate these risks, including a review process for evaluating open source software and using software tools to review our source code for identifying open source software, but we cannot be sure that such processes will be accurate or effective. In addition, open source license terms may be ambiguous and many of the risks associated with usage of open source software cannot be eliminated, and could, if not properly addressed, negatively affect our business. If we were found to have inappropriately used open source software, we may be required to re-engineer our technology, to release proprietary source code, to remove features or functionalities, or to take other remedial action that may divert resources away from our development efforts, any of which could adversely affect our business, financial condition, results of operations and growth prospects. In addition, if the open source software we use is no longer maintained by the relevant developer or open source community, then it may be more difficult to make the necessary revisions to our software, including modifications to address security vulnerabilities, which could impact our ability to mitigate cybersecurity risks or fulfill our contractual obligations to our customers. We may also face claims from others seeking to enforce the terms of an open source license, including by demanding release under certain open source licenses of the open source software, derivative works or our proprietary source code that was developed using such software. Such claims, with or without merit, could result in litigation, could be time-consuming and expensive to settle or litigate, could divert our management’s attention and other resources, could require us to lease

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some of our proprietary code, or could require us to devote additional research and development resources to change our technologies, any of which could adversely affect our business.

Many of these risks associated with usage of open source software could be difficult to eliminate or manage, and could, if not properly addressed, negatively affect the performance of our offerings and our business.

We rely on the availability of licenses to third-party technology that may be difficult to replace or that may cause errors or delay delivery of our services should we not be able to continue or obtain a commercially reasonable license to such technology.

We rely on software and other intellectual property licensed from third parties. It may be necessary in the future to renew licenses relating to various aspects of these platforms or to seek new licenses for existing or new platforms or other products. There can be no assurance that the necessary licenses would be available on commercially acceptable terms, if at all. Third parties may terminate their licenses with us for a variety of reasons, including actual or perceived failures or breaches of security or privacy, or reputational concerns, or they may choose not to renew their licenses with us. In addition, we may be subject to liability if third-party software that we license is found to infringe, misappropriate, or otherwise violate intellectual property or other rights of others. The loss of, or inability to obtain, certain third-party licenses or other rights or to obtain such licenses or rights on reasonable terms, or the need to engage in litigation regarding these matters, could result in product roll-backs, delays in product releases until equivalent or comparable technology can be identified, acquired, licensed, or developed, if at all, and integrated into our technologies, and may have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition, and results of operations. Moreover, the inclusion in our technologies of software or other intellectual property licensed from third parties on a nonexclusive basis could limit our ability to differentiate our products and services from offerings of our competitors and could inhibit our ability to provide the current level of service to existing customers.

In addition, any data that we license from third parties for potential use with our technologies may contain errors or defects, which could negatively impact our products and services. This may have a negative impact on how our products and services are perceived by our current and potential customers and could materially damage our reputation and brand.

Changes in or the loss of third-party licenses could lead to our technologies becoming inoperable or the performance of our technologies being materially reduced resulting in our potentially needing to incur additional research and development costs to ensure continued performance of our products and services or a material increase in the costs of licensing, and we may experience decreased demand for our products and services.

We may be unable to protect our intellectual property rights. Disclosure of trade secrets could cause harm to our business.

To protect our proprietary rights, we rely on a combination of trademarks and trade secret laws, and confidentiality agreements and license agreements with consultants, subcontractors, vendors and customers. Our efforts to protect our intellectual property and proprietary rights may not be sufficient. Although we apply rigorous standards, documents and processes to protect our intellectual property, there is no absolute assurance that the steps taken to protect our technology will prevent misappropriation or infringement. Our ability to enforce and protect our intellectual property rights may be limited in certain countries outside the United States, which could make it easier for competitors to capture market position in such countries by utilizing technologies that are similar to those developed or licensed by us. Competitors also may harm our sales by designing products that mirror the capabilities of our products or technology without infringing on our intellectual property rights. If we do not obtain sufficient protection for our intellectual property, or if we are unable to effectively enforce our intellectual property rights, our competitiveness could be impaired, which would limit our growth and future revenue.

We attempt to protect our trade secrets and other proprietary information by entering into confidentiality, licensing and invention assignment agreements or other contracts with similar provisions with third parties, our

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employees and consultants. However, these agreements can be breached and, if they are, there may not be an adequate remedy available to us. In addition, others may independently discover or reverse engineer our trade secrets and proprietary information, and in such cases we could not assert any trade secret or proprietary rights against such party. Litigation may be necessary to enforce or protect our intellectual property rights, our trade secrets or determine the validity and scope of the proprietary rights of others. Litigating a claim that a party illegally or unlawfully obtained and uses our trade secret without authorization is difficult, expensive and time consuming, and the outcome is unpredictable. If we are unable to protect our intellectual property, our competitors could market services or products similar to our services and products, which could reduce demand for our offerings. Any litigation to enforce our intellectual property rights, protect our trade secrets or determine the validity and scope of the proprietary rights of others could result in substantial costs and diversion of resources, with no assurance of success.

Our technology may violate the proprietary rights of third parties and our intellectual property may be misappropriated or infringed upon by third parties, each of which could have a negative impact on our operations.

If any of our technology violates proprietary rights of any third party, including copyrights and patents, such third party may assert infringement claims against us. Certain software and other intellectual property used by us or in our satellites, systems and products make use of or incorporate licensed software components or other licensed technology. These components are developed by third parties over whom we have no control. Any claims brought against us may result in limitations on our ability to use the intellectual property subject to these claims. We may be required to redesign our satellites, systems or products or to obtain licenses from third parties to continue offering our satellites, systems or products without substantially re-engineering such products or systems.

Our intellectual property rights may be invalidated, circumvented, challenged, infringed or required to be licensed to others. An infringement or misappropriation could harm any competitive advantage we currently derive or may derive from our proprietary rights.

Risks Related to Our Indebtedness and Financings

Our business is capital intensive, and we may not be able to adequately finance our capital needs through operations, or by raising capital, including funding future satellites, or we may be able to do so only on terms that significantly restrict our ability to operate our business.

The implementation of our business strategies, such as expanding our satellite constellation and our products and services offerings, requires a substantial outlay of capital. As we pursue our business strategies and seek to respond to opportunities and trends in our industry, our actual capital expenditures may differ from our expected capital expenditures, and there can be no assurance that we will be able to satisfy our capital requirements in the future. We currently expect that our ongoing liquidity requirements for sustaining our operations will be satisfied by cash on hand, cash generated from our existing and future operations and by raising additional capital by equity financings, supplemented, where necessary or advantageous, by available credit. However, we cannot provide assurances that our businesses will generate sufficient cash flow from operations in the future or that additional capital will be available in amounts sufficient to enable us to execute our business strategies. Our ability to increase our debt financing and/or renew our existing credit facility may be limited by our existing financial and non-financial covenants, credit objectives, or the conditions of the debt capital market generally. Furthermore, our current financing arrangement contains certain restrictive financial and non-financial covenants that may impact our access to those facilities and significantly limit future operating and financial flexibility.

We have in the past, and may continue in the future to, receive government grants and funding for research and development activities and other business initiatives. Any agreement or grant of this nature with the government may be accompanied by contractual obligations applicable to us, which may result in the grant money becoming repayable if certain requirements are not met. A failure to meet contractual obligations under such agreements and

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grants and a consequent requirement to repay money received could negatively impact our business, financial condition, and results of operations.

Our ability to generate the amount of cash needed to pay interest and principal on our outstanding indebtedness and our ability to refinance all or a portion of our indebtedness or obtain additional financing depends on many factors beyond our control.

Our ability to make scheduled payments on, or to refinance our obligations under, our existing debt agreements depends on our financial and operating performance and prevailing economic and competitive conditions.

If our cash flows and capital resources are insufficient to fund our debt service obligations, we may be forced to reduce or delay capital expenditures, sell assets, raise additional equity capital, or restructure our debt. However, there is no assurance that such alternative measures may be successful or permitted under the agreements governing our indebtedness and, as a result, we may not be able to meet our scheduled debt service obligations. In the absence of such results of operations and resources, we could face substantial liquidity problems and might be required to dispose of material assets or operations to meet our debt service and other obligations, which could harm our business, financial condition, and results of operations.

We cannot guarantee that we will be able to refinance our indebtedness or obtain additional financing on satisfactory terms or at all, including due to existing liens on our assets or our level of indebtedness and the debt incurrence restrictions imposed by the agreements governing our indebtedness. Further, the cost and availability of credit are subject to changes in the economic and business environment. If conditions in major credit markets deteriorate, our ability to refinance our indebtedness or obtain additional financing on satisfactory terms, or at all, may be negatively affected.

The agreements governing our debt permit us, under some circumstances, to incur certain additional indebtedness or obligations. To the extent that we incur additional indebtedness or such other obligations, the risks associated with our leverage described above, including our possible inability to service our debt, would increase.

Our debt agreements contain restrictions that may limit our flexibility in operating our business.

Our existing loan agreement and related documents contain, and instruments governing any future indebtedness of ours would likely contain, a number of covenants that will impose significant operating and financial restrictions on us. These restrictions could limit our ability to plan for or react to market conditions and could otherwise restrict corporate activities. Any failure to comply with these covenants could result in a default under our loan agreement or instruments governing any future indebtedness of ours. Additionally, our existing indebtedness is secured by substantially all of our assets. Upon a default, unless waived, the lenders under our secured credit facility could elect to terminate their commitments, cease making further loans, foreclose on our assets pledged to such lenders to secure our obligations under our credit agreement and force us into bankruptcy or liquidation. In addition, a default under our secured credit facility could trigger a cross default under agreements governing any future indebtedness. Our results of operations may not be sufficient to service our indebtedness and to fund our other expenditures, and we may not be able to obtain financing to meet these requirements. If we experience a default under our existing loan agreements or instruments governing our future indebtedness, our business, financial condition, and results of operations may be adversely impacted.

In addition, a material portion of our cash is pledged as cash collateral for letters of credit and bank guarantees which support certain of our real estate leases, customer contracts, and other obligations. While these obligations remain outstanding and are cash collateralized, we do not have access to and cannot use the pledged cash for our operations or to repay our other indebtedness. As of December 31, 2022, we were in compliance with all covenants and restrictions associated with our existing loan agreement.


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Changes in our credit ratings, adverse macroeconomic conditions or adverse developments affecting the financial services industry, such as actual events or concerns involving liquidity and default, may negatively affect our liquidity, increase borrowing costs and limit our financing options.

Macroeconomic conditions, such as increased volatility or disruption in the credit markets, could adversely affect our ability to refinance existing debt or obtain additional financing at terms satisfactory to us, thereby affecting our resources to support operations or to fund new initiatives. In addition, if our credit ratings are lowered, borrowing costs for future long-term debt or short-term credit facilities may increase and our financing options, including our access to the unsecured credit market, could be limited. We may also be subject to restrictive covenants that would reduce our flexibility.

Additionally, events involving limited liquidity or defaults in the financial services industry, or concerns or rumors about events of this kind, have in the past and may in the future lead to market-wide liquidity problems. For example, on March 10, 2023, Silicon Valley Bank (“SVB”) was closed by the California Department of Financial Protection and Innovation, which appointed the FDIC as receiver. We subsequently diversified our cash and cash equivalent holdings across multiple banks. Although our ongoing cash management strategy is to maintain deposit accounts at multiple financial institutions, there can be no assurance that this strategy will be successful. If other banks and financial institutions enter receivership or become insolvent in the future, our ability to access our cash and cash equivalents may be threatened and could have a material adverse effect on our business and results of operations.

Our stockholders may be held liable for claimsfinancial condition.


Also, a recent ruling by third parties against us to the extent of distributions received by them upon redemption of their shares.

Under the DGCL, stockholders may be held liable for claims by third parties against a corporation to the extent of distributions received by them in a dissolution. The pro rata portion of our trust account distributed to our public stockholders upon the redemption of our public shares in the event we do not complete our initial business combination by November 5, 2021 may be considered a liquidating distribution under Delaware law. If a corporation complies with certain procedures set forth in Section 280 of the DGCL intended to ensure that it makes reasonable provision for all claims against it, including a60-day notice period during which any third-party claims can be brought against the corporation, a90-day period during which the corporation may reject any claims brought, and an additional150-day waiting period before any liquidating distributions are made to stockholders, any liability of stockholders with respect to a liquidating distribution is limited to the lesser of such stockholder’s pro rata share of the claim or the amount distributed to the stockholder, and any liability of the stockholder would be barred after the third anniversary of the dissolution. However, it is our intention to redeem our public shares as soon as reasonably possible following November 5, 2021 in the event we do not complete our business combination and, therefore, we do not intend to comply with the foregoing procedures.

Because we will not be complying with Section 280, Section 281(b) of the DGCL requires us to adopt a plan, based on facts known to us at such time that will provide for our payment of all existing and pending claims or claims that may be potentially brought against us within the 10 years following our dissolution. However, because we are a blank check company, rather than an operating company, and our operations will be limited to searching for prospective target businesses to acquire, the only likely claims to arise would be from our vendors (such as lawyers, investment bankers, etc.) or prospective target businesses. If our plan of distribution complies with Section 281(b) of the DGCL, any liability of stockholders with respect to a liquidating distribution is limited to the lesser of such stockholder’s pro rata share of the claim or the amount distributed to the stockholder, and any liability of the stockholder would likely be barred after the third anniversary of the dissolution. We cannot assure you that we will properly assess all claims that may be potentially brought against us. As such, our stockholders could potentially be liable for any claims to the extent of distributions received by them (but no more) and any liability of our stockholders may extend beyond the third anniversary of such date. Furthermore, if the pro rata portion of our trust account distributed to our public stockholders upon the redemption of our public shares in the event we do not complete our initial business combination by November 5, 2021 is not considered a liquidating distribution under Delaware law and such redemption distribution is deemed to be unlawful, then pursuant to Section 174 of the DGCL, the statute of limitations for claims of creditors could then be six years after the unlawful redemption distribution, instead of three years, as in the case of a liquidating distribution.

We may not hold an annual meeting of stockholders until after the consummation of our initial business combination, which could delay the opportunity for our stockholders to elect directors.

In accordance with the NYSE corporate governance requirements, we are not required to hold an annual meeting until one year after our first full fiscal year end following our listing on the NYSE. Under Section 211(b) of the DGCL, we are, however, required to hold an annual meeting of stockholders for the purposes of electing directors in accordance with our bylaws unless such election is made by written consent in lieu of such a meeting. We may not hold an annual meeting of stockholders to elect new directors prior to the consummation of our initial business combination, and thus we may not be in compliance with Section 211(b) of the DGCL, which requires an annual meeting. Therefore, if our stockholders want us to hold an annual meeting prior to the consummation of our initial business combination, they may attempt to force us to hold one by submitting an application to the Delaware Court of Chancery in accordance withintroduced uncertainty as to whether Section 211(c)242(b)(2) of the DGCL.

WeDelaware General Corporation Law (“DGCL”) would have not registeredrequired a separate vote of the holders of a majority of Osprey’s then-outstanding shares of Class A common stock issuable upon exerciseto approve an amendment to our certificate of incorporation in connection with the merger. The Company's September 8, 2021 charter amendment received a majority of affirmative votes of each class of outstanding common stock, and the Company continues to believe that such vote is sufficient to approve an amendment of the warrantsCompany's charter; however in order to resolve any potential uncertainty, we filed a petition under Section 205 of the Securities ActDGCL with the Delaware Court of Chancery. If we are not successful in the Section 205 proceeding, our ability to pursue equity or any state securitiesdebt financing transactions could be impacted, which may limit our financing options.


Risks Related to Our Regulatory, Environmental and Legal Issues

Our business is subject to a wide variety of additional extensive and evolving government laws and regulations. Failure to comply with such registrationlaws and regulations could have a material adverse effect on our business.

We are subject to a wide variety of laws and regulations relating to various aspects of our business, including employment and labor, licensing, export, tax, privacy and data security, health and safety, communications, and environmental issues. Laws and regulations at the foreign, federal, state and local levels frequently change, especially in relation to new and emerging industries, and we cannot always reasonably estimate the impact from, or the ultimate cost of compliance with, current or future regulatory or administrative changes. We monitor these developments and devote a significant amount of management’s time and external resources towards compliance with these laws, regulations and guidelines, and such compliance places a significant burden on management’s time and other resources, and it may limit our ability to expand into certain jurisdictions. Moreover, changes in law, the imposition of new or additional regulations or the enactment of any new or more stringent legislation that impacts our business could require us to change the way we operate and could have a material adverse effect on our sales, profitability, cash flows and financial condition. For example, our products and services may be subject to state sales and use taxes to which we may not be compliant, and taxability is generally determined by statutory state laws, as well as an assessment of nexus. Whether the sale of our products and services is subject to additional states’ sales and use taxes is uncertain, due in place whenpart to the unique nature and delivery of our products and services, as well as applicability of whether our customers are exempt from tax. There is a risk that one or more states may seek to

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impose sales or use tax or other tax collection obligations on us for past sales and it could have a material adverse impact on our sales, profitability, cash flows and financial condition.

Failure to comply with these laws or regulations or failure to satisfy any criteria or other requirement under such laws or regulations, such as with respect to obtaining and maintaining licenses, certificates, authorizations and permits critical for the operation of our business, may result in civil penalties or private lawsuits, or result in a delay or the denial, suspension or revocation of licenses, certificates, authorizations or permits, which would prevent us from operating our business. For example, our business requires licenses and permits from the Federal Communications Commission (the “FCC”) and review by and/or coordination with other agencies of the U.S. Government, including the Department of Defense, the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (“NOAA”) and the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (“NASA”), as well as foreign regulators, such as the New Zealand Space Agency. License approval can include an investor desiresinteragency review of safety, operational, radio frequency interference, national security, and foreign policy and international obligations implications, as well as a review of foreign ownership. Since our satellites have space-qualified photographic equipment installed, we are also subject to licensing and compliance requirements and regulations administered by NOAA’s Commercial Remote Sensing Regulatory Affairs office.

The rules and regulations of U.S. and foreign authorities, and their interpretation and application, may change, and such authorities may adopt regulations that impact our ability to collect imagery or otherwise limit or restrict our operations as presently conducted or currently contemplated. Such authorities may also make changes in the licenses of our competitors that affect our spectrum. These changes in rules or regulatory policy may significantly affect our business. For example, the FCC recently adopted rules requiring the deorbiting of certain satellites – including those maintained by BlackSky – after five years to mitigate the risk of orbital debris. The FCC continues to consider the imposition of additional rules and reporting obligations that could affect us and our operations; in addition, some legislators have discussed vesting additional authority in NASA in certain areas related to our operations. Application of these laws to our business may negatively impact our performance in various ways, limiting the collaborations we may pursue, further regulating the export and re-export of our products, services, and technology from the U.S. and abroad, and increasing our costs and the time necessary to obtain required authorization. The adoption of a multi-layered regulatory approach to any one of the laws or regulations to which we are or may become subject, particularly where the layers are in conflict, could require alteration of our manufacturing processes or operational parameters which may adversely impact our business. In addition, the U.S. government could in the future exercise “shutter control” authority – the interruption of service by limiting imagery collection and/or distribution as necessary to meet significant U.S. government national security or foreign policy interests or international obligations – which, for example, could limit the resolution, collection or distribution of imagery over certain geographies. We cannot anticipate whether or under what circumstances the U.S. government would exercise its “shutter control” authority, nor can we reasonably determine what costs and terms would be negotiated between us and the U.S. government in such event.

Further, because regulations in each country are different, we may not be aware if some of our partners or persons with whom we or they do business do not hold the requisite licenses and approvals. Our failure to provide services in accordance with the terms of our licenses or our failure to operate our satellites or ground stations as required by our licenses and applicable laws and government regulations could result in the imposition of government sanctions on us, including the suspension or cancellation of our licenses. Our failure or delay in obtaining the approvals required to operate in other countries would limit or delay our ability to expand our operations into those countries. Our failure to obtain industry-standard or government-required certifications for our products could compromise our ability to generate revenue and conduct our business in other countries. Any imposition of sanctions, loss of license or failure to obtain the authorizations necessary to use our assigned radio frequency spectrum and to distribute our products in the U.S. or foreign jurisdictions could cause us to lose sales, hurt our reputation and impair our ability to pursue our business plan.

If we do not maintain regulatory authorizations for our existing satellites, associated ground facilities and terminals, and services we provide, or obtain authorizations for our future satellites, associated ground facilities

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and terminals, and services we provide, we may not be able to operate our existing satellites or expand our operations.

We hold FCC licenses for our satellite constellation and earth stations (collectively, our “satellite system”) and, because our satellites have space-qualified photographic equipment installed, licenses from NOAA’s Commercial Remote Sensing Regulatory Affairs office. As we build out our satellite constellation, we will require new licenses from the FCC and NOAA or modifications to existing licenses. Changes to our satellite system may also require prior FCC and/or NOAA approval. From time to time, we may have pending applications for permanent or temporary changes in frequencies and technical design. From time to time, we have filed or will need to file applications to replace or add satellites to our satellite constellation. The FCC has waived certain application processing rules for certain of the frequencies on which we operate but there is no guarantee that the FCC will continue to waive those rules. The FCC licenses are also subject to modification by the FCC. In addition, the FCC licenses require coordination with various entities, including other federal government agencies. There can be no assurance that the FCC or NOAA will renew the licenses we hold, modify the licenses we currently hold, grant new licenses, or that coordination conditions can continue to be met. If the FCC or NOAA revokes, modifies or fails to renew the licenses we hold, or fails to grant a new license or modification in a timely manner, or if we fail to satisfy any of the conditions of our respective licenses, we may not be able to continue to provide our products and services. In addition, the operation of ground station assets in non-U.S. jurisdictions may require either direct or indirect licensing from non-U.S. regulatory bodies.

We believe our current operations adhere to FCC, NOAA and non-U.S. licensing jurisdiction requirements. In some cases, we rely upon partners or persons with whom we or they do business to obtain and maintain required non-U.S. regulatory approvals. However, if we or they do not maintain the authorizations necessary to operate our existing satellites, we will not be able to operate the satellites covered by those authorizations, unless we obtain authorization from another licensing jurisdiction. Some of our authorizations provide waivers of regulations. If we do not maintain these waivers, we will be subject to operational restrictions or interference that will affect our use of existing satellites. Loss of a satellite authorization could cause us to lose the revenue from services provided by that satellite at a particular orbital location or using a particular frequency band, to the extent these services cannot be provided by satellites at other orbital locations or with a different frequency band or be subject to additional bond requirements.

Our launch and operation of planned satellites and ground stations may require additional regulatory authorizations from the FCC, NOAA, and/or a non-U.S. licensing jurisdiction. Obtaining launch windows for planned satellites and ground stations, preparing for launch, and working with the requisite equipment in foreign jurisdictions may require coordination with U.S. and foreign regulators. If any of our current operations are deemed not to be in compliance with applicable regulatory requirements, we may be subject to various sanctions, including fines, loss of authorizations, or denial of applications for new authorizations or renewal of existing authorizations. It is not uncommon for licenses for new satellites to be granted just prior to launch. If we do not obtain required authorizations in the future, we will not be able to operate our planned satellites. If we obtain a required authorization but we do not meet milestones regarding the construction, launch and operation of a satellite by deadlines that may be established in the authorization, we may lose our authorization to operate a satellite using certain frequencies in an orbital location. Any authorizations we obtain may also impose operational restrictions or permit interference that could affect our use of planned satellites.

Coordination results may adversely affect our ability to use our satellites in certain frequency bands for our proposed service or coverage area, or may delay our ability to launch satellites and thereby operate our proposed services.

We are required to record frequencies and operational parameters of our satellites with the International Telecommunication Union and to coordinate with other satellite operators and national administrations the use of these frequencies and operational parameters in order to avoid interference to or from other satellites. The results of coordination may adversely affect our use of our satellites using certain frequencies, as well as the type of applications or services that we can accommodate. If we are unable to coordinate our satellites by specified

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deadlines, we may not be able to use our satellites or certain frequencies for our proposed service or coverage area or we may lose interference protection for our satellites. The use of our satellites may also be temporarily or permanently adversely affected if the operation of other satellite networks does not conform to coordination agreements resulting in the acceptable interference levels being exceeded (such as due to operational errors associated with the transmissions to other satellite networks).

Loss of existing export control approvals or the inability to obtain required new approvals for the use of particular components, the transfer of company technologies, or the provision of analytical products or related services may have an adverse impact on our business, financial condition, and results of operations.

Many of our products, services, and technologies are regulated by the U.S. Department of State’s Directorate of Defense Trade Controls (“DDTC”) under the International Traffic in Arms Regulations (“ITAR”) and/or the U.S. Department of Commerce’s Bureau of Industry and Security (“BIS”) under the Export Administration Regulations (“EAR”).

We are required to obtain licenses or authorizations from U.S. government regulators in order to disclose technical data/technology associated with the development of our satellites, export of our satellites and related equipment for the launch, shipment of equipment to foreign ground stations, and to provide defense services to foreign persons. As we build out our satellite constellation or provide services to additional customers, we may require new licenses from DDTC or BIS, or modifications to existing licenses. These licenses may also impose certain conditions on us or our customers. There can be no assurance that DDTC or BIS will renew the licenses we hold, modify the licenses we currently hold, or grant new licenses. The delayed receipt of or failure to obtain licenses in a timely manner may interrupt the completion of contracts or result in our inability to continue to provide our products and services. .

We are subject to international trade and governmental export and import controls and economic sanctions programs that could impair our ability to compete in international markets or subject us to liability if we violate these controls.

The export of our software, satellites and ground station equipment, and the provision of services and related technical data, in some cases, are subject to U.S. and international export control laws and regulations and trade and economic sanctions including the ITAR, the EAR, trade and economic sanctions maintained by the Office of Foreign Assets Control (“OFAC”). As such, an export license may be required to export or reexport our software and services to certain countries and end-users for certain end-uses. In addition, as we grow, we may hire employees in jurisdictions outside of the United States or engage a professional employer organization to hire and employ such persons, which may subject us to foreign export and import rules and regulations, as well as international sanctions, foreign direct investment requirements, and other international trade rules. If we do not maintain our existing authorizations or obtain future export licenses in accordance with the export control laws and regulations, we may be unable to export our software or ground station equipment or provide services and related technical information to non-U.S. persons and companies. If we were to fail to comply with such export controls laws and regulations, economic sanctions, international trade regulations, or other similar laws, we could be subject to both civil and criminal penalties, including substantial fines, possible incarceration for employees and managers for willful violations, and the possible loss of our export or import privileges. Obtaining the necessary export license for a particular sale or offering may not be possible, may be time-consuming and may result in the delay or loss of sales opportunities to the extent non-U.S. competitors are not subject to OFAC or similar export control laws and regulations. Furthermore, export control laws and economic sanctions in many cases prohibit the export of software and services to certain embargoed or sanctioned countries, governments and persons, as well as for prohibited end-uses. Monitoring and ensuring compliance with these complex export controls and sanctions is particularly challenging because our offerings are available throughout the world. Even though we take precautions to ensure that we and our partners comply with all relevant export and import control laws and regulations, any failure by us or our partners to comply with such laws and regulations could have negative consequences for us, including reputational harm, government investigations and penalties.


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In addition, various countries regulate the import of certain encryption software and technology, including through import permit and license requirements, and have enacted laws that could limit our ability to distribute our products and services or could limit our end-customers’ ability to implement our products in those countries. Because we incorporate encryption functionality into our products, we are subject to certain of these provisions. Changes in our products or changes in export and import regulations in such countries may create delays in the introduction of our products and services into international markets, prevent our end-customers with international operations from deploying our products globally or, in some cases, prevent or delay the export or import of our products and services to certain countries, governments or persons altogether. The following developments could result in decreased use of our products and services by, or in our decreased ability to export or sell our products to, existing or potential end-customers with international operations: any change in export or import laws or regulations, economic sanctions or related legislation; shift in the enforcement or scope of existing export, import or sanctions laws or regulations; or change in the countries, governments, persons, or technologies targeted by such export, import or sanctions laws or regulations. Any decreased use of our products or services or limitation on our ability to export to or sell our products or services in international markets could adversely affect our business, financial condition and operating results.

U.S. export control laws and regulations are continuing to evolve, as are our products and services. For example, the U.S. State Department, the U.S. Department of Commerce, and other cognizant U.S. government agencies are evaluating the imposition of additional export restrictions on so-called “emerging and foundational technologies.” Any changes to or further extension of U.S. export control laws and regulations could negatively impact our ability to provide our products and services internationally, or to retain talent required for further development of our products or services. While we educate our employees on export controls, utilize contractual provisions to require our employees and vendors to comply with export laws, and utilize experts to assist with export compliance, our compliance efforts may not be sufficient.

As a growing part of our business strategy, we leverage third parties, including resellers, representatives, and agents, to conduct our business abroad and are expanding our efforts to directly contract with foreign parties, which increases our risk for compliance with ITAR, EAR, and other export laws. Despite the significant challenges in asserting and maintaining control and compliance by these third parties, we may be held liable for third parties’ actions. Any failure on the part of these third parties to comply could harm our reputation, inhibit our plans for expansion, or either lead to extensive liability to private parties or subject us to penalties from government regulators, which could adversely impact our business, results of operations, and financial condition.

Failure to comply with anti-bribery and anti-corruption laws could subject us to penalties and other adverse consequences.

We are subject to the United States Foreign Corrupt Practices Act (“FCPA”), the U.S. domestic bribery statute contained in 18 U.S.C. § 201, the United States Travel Act, and other anti-corruption and anti-bribery laws and regulations in the jurisdictions in which we do business, both domestic and abroad. Anti-corruption and anti-bribery laws have been enforced aggressively in recent years and are interpreted broadly. These laws and regulations generally prohibit companies, their employees, business partners, third-party intermediaries, representatives, and agents from authorizing, offering, or providing, directly or indirectly, improper payments to government officials, political candidates, political parties, or commercial partners for the purpose of obtaining or retaining business or securing an improper business advantage.

We have interactions with foreign officials, including in furtherance of sales to governmental or quasi-governmental entities in the United States and in non-U.S. countries. As a growing part of our business strategy, we leverage third parties to conduct our business abroad, and our third-party business partners, representatives, and agents may also have direct or indirect interactions with officials and employees of government agencies or state-owned or affiliated entities. We may be held liable for the corrupt or other illegal activities of our employees or such third parties even if we do not explicitly authorize such activities. The FCPA and other applicable laws and regulations also require that we keep accurate books and records and maintain internal controls and compliance procedures designed to prevent any such actions. While we have implemented policies and procedures to address

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compliance with such laws, we cannot assure you that our employees, business partners, third-party intermediaries, representatives, and agents will not engage in conduct in violation of our policies or applicable law for which we might ultimately be held responsible. Our exposure for violating these laws increases as our international presence expands and as we increase sales and operations in foreign jurisdictions.

Violations of the FCPA and other applicable anti-bribery and anti-corruption laws may result in whistleblower complaints, adverse media coverage, investigations, loss of export privileges, as well as severe criminal or civil sanctions, settlements, prosecution, enforcement actions, fines, damages, or suspension or debarment from government contracts, all of which could have an adverse effect on our reputation, business, stock price, financial condition, results of operations, and growth prospects. In addition, responding to any investigation or action will likely result in a significant diversion of management’s attention and resources and significant defense costs and other professional fees.

We may be subject to assertions that taxes must be collected based on gross receipts, sales and use of our services and location of our remote employees in various states, which could expose us to liability and cause material harm to our business, financial condition, and results of operations.

Our products and services may be subject to gross receipts, sales and use taxes in certain states and taxability is generally determined by statutory state laws and regulations, as well as an assessment of physical and economic nexus. Whether sales of our products and services are subject to additional states’ sales and use taxes is uncertain, due in part to the unique nature of our products and services, the delivery method of our products and services, whether our customer is subject to tax as a government entity, as well as changing state laws and interpretations of those laws. One or more additional states may seek to impose sales or use tax or other tax collection obligations on us, whether based on sales by us or our resellers or customers, including for past sales. A successful assertion that we should be collecting sales or other related taxes on our products and services could result in substantial audit defense fees and tax liabilities for past sales, discourage customers from offering or billing for our products and services, or otherwise cause material harm to our business, financial condition, and results of operations.

Changes in tax laws could have a material adverse effect on our business, cash flow, results of operations or financial conditions.

We are and will be generally subject to tax laws, regulations, and policies of several taxing jurisdictions. Changes in tax laws, as well as other factors, could cause us to experience fluctuations in our tax obligations and effective tax rates and otherwise adversely affect our tax positions and/or our tax liabilities. For example, in August 2022 the United States enacted a 1% excise tax on stock buybacks, which could affect our common stock repurchases, and a 15% alternative minimum tax on adjusted financial statement income as part of the Inflation Reduction Act of 2022. Further, many countries, and organizations such as the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development, have proposed implementing changes to existing tax laws, including a proposed 15% global minimum tax. Any of these developments or changes in federal, state, or international tax laws or tax rulings could adversely affect our effective tax rate and our operating results. There can be no assurance that our effective tax rates, tax payments, or tax credits and incentives will not be adversely affected by these or other developments or changes in law.

We may become involved in litigation that may materially adversely affect us.

From time to time, we may become involved in various legal proceedings relating to matters incidental to the ordinary course of our business, including intellectual property, commercial, employment, class action, whistleblower and other litigation and claims, and governmental and other regulatory investigations and proceedings. Such matters can be time-consuming, divert management’s attention and resources, cause us to incur significant expenses or liability or require us to change our business practices. Because of the potential risks, expenses and uncertainties of litigation, we may, from time to time, settle disputes, even where we believe that we have meritorious claims or defenses. Because litigation is inherently unpredictable, we cannot assure you that the results of any of these actions will not have a material adverse effect on our business.

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Increasing regulatory focus on privacy issues and expanding laws may impact our business or expose us to increased liability.

We collect and process customer data and other data relating to individuals, which may include personal data. Due to the sensitivity of the personal information and data we manage and expect to manage in the future, as well as the nature of our customer base, the security features of our information systems are critical. A variety of federal, state and foreign laws and regulations govern the collection, use, retention, sharing and security of this information. Laws and regulations relating to privacy, data protection and consumer protection are evolving and subject to potentially differing interpretations. These requirements may not be harmonized, may be interpreted and applied in a manner that is inconsistent from one jurisdiction to another or may conflict with other rules or our practices. As a result, our practices may not have complied or may not comply in the future with all such laws, regulations, requirements and obligations both in the United States (such as the California Consumer Privacy Act, the California Privacy Rights Act, and similar laws proposed and enacted in other U.S. states, including legislation enacted in Virginia, Colorado, Utah and Connecticut) and abroad (such as the European Union’s General Data Protection Regulation or the United Kingdom’s version of the GDPR).These statutes and any other state, federal, or foreign legislation that is passed could increase our potential liability, add layers of complexity to compliance in the markets in which we operate, increase our compliance costs and adversely affect our business.

Any actual or perceived failure to comply with applicable laws or regulations relating to privacy, data protection, or information security, or related contractual or other obligations, or any perceived privacy rights violation, could lead to investigations, claims, and proceedings by governmental entities and private parties, damages for contract breach, and other significant costs, penalties, and other liabilities, restrictions upon our operations, as well as harm to our reputation and market position.

Additionally, we store customer information and content and if our customers fail to comply with contractual obligations or applicable laws, it could result in litigation or reputational harm to us. These requirements could impact demand for our offerings and services and result in more onerous contract obligations.

We are subject to environmental laws and regulations which could result in material liabilities or obligations. In addition, our operations have involved the handling, storage and disposal of hazardous materials, which could result in potential exposure to environmental liabilities.

We are subject to various U.S. federal, state, local and non-U.S. laws and regulations related to environmental protection, including the discharge, treatment, storage, disposal and remediation of hazardous substances and wastes. We could incur substantial costs, including cleanup costs, fines and civil or criminal sanctions, as well as third-party claims for property damage or personal injury, if we were to violate or become liable under environmental laws or regulations. In addition, new laws and regulations, more stringent enforcement of existing laws and regulations, or the discovery of previously unknown contamination could result in material obligations and costs. Permits issued pursuant to certain environmental laws are required for our operations, and these permits are subject to renewal, modification and, in some cases, revocation.

In addition, under environmental laws, ordinances or regulations, a current or previous owner or operator of property may be liable for the costs of removal or remediation of some kinds of petroleum products or other hazardous substances on, under, or in its property, adjacent or nearby property, or offsite disposal locations, without regard to whether the owner or operator knew of, or caused, the presence of the contaminants, and regardless of whether the practices that resulted in the contamination were legal at the time they occurred. We could be subject to future liabilities under environmental laws at our current or former facilities, adjacent or nearby properties or offsite disposal locations if any such properties are discovered to be contaminated with hazardous substances.

Joint ventures, partnerships, and strategic alliances may have a material adverse effect on our business, results of operations and prospects.

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We expect to continue to enter into joint ventures, partnerships, and strategic alliances as part of our long-term business strategy. Joint ventures, partnerships, strategic alliances, and other similar arrangements involve significant investments of both time and resources, and there can be no assurances that they will be successful. They may present significant challenges and risks, including that they may not advance our business strategy, we may get an unsatisfactory return on our investment or lose some or all of our investment, they may distract management and divert resources from our core business, they may expose us to unexpected liabilities, or we may choose a partner that does not cooperate as we expect them to and that fails to meet its obligations or that has economic, business, or legal interests or goals that are inconsistent with ours. For example, in 2018 we formed LeoStella, a 50-50 joint venture focusing on building small imaging satellites for sale on a commercial basis, with Thales, from which we procure our satellites. LeoStella operates in a highly competitive environment and the interests of Thales may not be aligned with ours, or may change over time, which could affect the effectiveness and success of the joint venture.

Entry into certain joint ventures, partnerships, or strategic alliances now or in the future may be subject to government regulation, including review by U.S. or foreign government entities related to foreign direct investment. If a joint venture or similar arrangement were subject to regulatory review, such regulatory review might limit our ability to enter into the desired strategic alliance and thus limit our ability to carry out our long-term business strategy.

As our joint ventures, partnerships, and strategic alliances come to an end or terminate, we may be unable to renew or replace them on comparable terms, or at all. When we enter into joint ventures, partnerships, and strategic alliances, our partners may be required to undertake some portion of sales, marketing, implementation services, engineering services, or software configuration that we would otherwise provide. In such cases, our partner may be less successful than we would have otherwise been absent the arrangement. In the event we enter into an arrangement with a particular partner, we may be less likely (or unable) to work with one or more direct competitors of our partner with which we would have worked absent the arrangement. We may have interests that are different from our joint venture partners and/or which may affect our ability to successfully collaborate with a given partner. Similarly, one or more of our partners in a joint venture, partnership, or strategic alliance may independently suffer a bankruptcy or other economic hardship that negatively affects its ability to continue as a going concern or successfully perform on its obligation under the arrangement. In addition, customer satisfaction with our products provided in connection with these arrangements may be less favorable than anticipated, negatively impacting anticipated revenue growth and results of operations of arrangements in question. Further, some of our strategic partners offer competing products and services or work with our competitors. As a result of these and other factors, many of the companies with which we have joint ventures, partnerships, or strategic alliances may choose to pursue alternative technologies and develop alternative products and services in addition to or in lieu of ours, either on their own or in collaboration with others, including our competitors. If we are unsuccessful in establishing or maintaining our relationships with these partners, our ability to compete in a given marketplace or to grow our revenue would be impaired, and our results of operations may suffer. Even if we are successful in establishing and maintaining these relationships with our partners, we cannot assure you that these relationships will result in increased customer usage of our systems, products or technologies or increased revenue.

Further, winding down joint ventures, partnerships, or other strategic alliances can result in additional costs, litigation, and negative publicity. Any of these events could adversely affect our business, financial condition, results of operations, and growth prospects.

Risks Relating to Ownership of Our Class A Common Stock

Sales of a substantial number of shares of our Class A common stock in the public market could cause our stock price to fall.

If our existing stockholders sell, or indicate an intention to sell, substantial amounts of our Class A common stock in the public market, our stock price could decline. Pursuant to our resale registration statement on Form S-3

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declared effective by the SEC in October 2022, certain stockholders may sell shares of our Class A common stock, subject to applicable limitations under Rule 144. Further, in March 2023 we completed a private placement, issuing an aggregate of 16,403,677 shares of our Class A common stock and accompanying warrants to purchase the same number of shares. We are obligated to file a resale registration statement with the SEC to register the 16,403,677 shares sold in the private placement, which shares will be eligible for resale following effectiveness of the resale registration statement, subject to applicable resale restrictions. Actual sales of our Class A common stock, or the perception that these sales might occur, pursuant to current or future resale registration statements may adversely affect the prevailing market prices of our securities.

If we sell shares of our Class A common stock in future financings, or existing warrant holders exercise warrants, thus precluding such investoryou may experience immediate dilution and, as a result, our stock price may decline.

We may from being abletime to exercise its warrants except on a cashless basis and potentially causing such warrants to expire worthless.

We have not registered thetime issue additional shares of Class A common stock issuable upon exerciseand as a result our stockholders would experience immediate dilution. In addition, as opportunities present themselves, we may enter into financing arrangements, including the issuance of the warrants under the Securities Actdebt securities, preferred stock or any state securities laws. However, under the termsClass A common stock, including Class A common stock at a discount to prevailing market prices. For example, our shelf registration statement on Form S-3, declared effective in December 2022, provides for aggregate offerings of the warrant agreement, we have agreed, as soon as practicable, but in no event later than 15 business days after the closingup to $200.0 million of our initial business combination,securities, inclusive of up to use$75.0 million of shares of our best effortsClass A common stock through an at-the-market offering program. In addition, our private placement in March 2023 included the sale of warrants to file a registration statement underpurchase shares of our Class A common stock. As of March 20, 2023, the Securities Act covering suchnumber of shares and maintain a current prospectus relating to theof our common stock outstanding was 138,734,688. This number does not include shares of our Class A common stock issuable upon the exercise of the warrants, until the expiration of the warrants in accordance with the provisions of the warrant agreement. We cannot assure you that we will be able to do so if, for example, any facts or events arise which represent a fundamental change in the information set forth in the registration statement or prospectus, the financial statements contained or incorporated by reference therein are not current or correct or the SEC issues a stop order. Ifwarrants. Until exercised, the shares issuable upon the exercise of the warrants are not registered underincluded in the Securities Act,number of our outstanding shares and the dilutive impact of such warrant exercises may be difficult to compute. If we will be required to permit holders to exercise their warrants on a cashless basis. However, no warrant will be exercisable for cashissue Class A common stock, or on a cashless basis, and we will not be obligated to issue any shares to holders seeking to exercise their warrants, unless the issuance of the shares upon such exercise is registered or qualified under the securities laws of the state of the exercising holder, or an exemption from registration is available. Notwithstanding the above, ifconvertible into our Class A common stock, in future financings, or if any of our outstanding warrants are exercised, our existing stockholders will experience dilution and our stock price may decline.


Intelsat has a right of first offer with respect to the sale of BlackSky Holdings, Inc., our main operating subsidiary, which might discourage, delay or prevent a sale of our operating subsidiary, and therefore, depress the trading price of our Class A common stock.

In October 2019, our subsidiary BlackSky Holdings, Inc. ("BlackSky Holdings") entered into a Right of First Offer Agreement with Intelsat (the “Right of First Offer Agreement”). Pursuant to the terms of the Right of First Offer Agreement, prior to commencing or engaging in a sale of our subsidiary, BlackSky Holdings is at the timeobligated to provide written notice of any exercise ofsuch proposed sale to Intelsat and Intelsat will have the opportunity to submit a warrant not listed on a national securities exchange such that it satisfiescompeting offer to purchase BlackSky Holdings (an “Intelsat Offer”). Pursuant to the definition of a “covered security” under Section 18(b)(1)terms of the Securities Act, we may, at our option, require holdersRight of public warrants who exercise their warrantsFirst Offer Agreement, if BlackSky Holdings does not accept an Intelsat Offer, BlackSky Holdings would be permitted to do so on a “cashless basis” in accordance with Section 3(a)(9)negotiate and enter into an alternative sale transaction, as long as the total enterprise value for BlackSky Holdings and its subsidiaries is greater than 110% of the Securities Actvalue implied by any Intelsat Offer. The Right of First Offer Agreement expires on October 31, 2026.

The Right of First Offer Agreement may negatively impact our ability to undertake a sale of BlackSky Holdings and incould deter potential acquirers of BlackSky Technology Inc., which could therefore limit the event we so elect, we will not be requiredprice that investors are willing to filepay for shares of our Class A common stock.

Our stock price may fluctuate significantly and you could lose all or maintain in effect a registration statement, but we will be required to use our best efforts to register or qualify the shares under applicable blue sky laws to the extent an exemption is not available. In no event will we be required to net cash settle any warrant, or issue securities or other compensation in exchange for the warrants in the event that we are unable to register or qualify the shares underlying the warrants under applicable state securities laws and there is no exemption available. If the issuance of the shares upon exercise of the warrants is not so registered or qualified or exempt from registration or qualification, the holder of such warrant shall not be entitled to exercise such warrant and such warrant may have no value and expire worthless. In such event, holders who acquired their warrants as part of your investment as a purchaseresult.

The trading price of units will have paid the full unit purchase price solely for the shares ofour Class A common stock includedhas been, and may continue to be, volatile. The stock market has experienced extreme volatility in the units. Ifpast and whenmay experience similar volatility moving forward. This volatility often has been unrelated or disproportionate to the warrants become redeemableoperating performance of particular companies. You may not be able to resell your shares at an attractive price due to a number of factors such as those listed in this Risk Factors section and the following:

results of operations that vary from the expectations of securities analysts and investors;

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results of operations that vary from those of our competitors;
changes in expectations as to our future financial performance, including financial estimates and investment recommendations by securities analysts and investors;
declines in the market prices of stocks generally;
strategic actions by us we may exerciseor our redemption right even if we are unablecompetitors;
announcements by us or our competitors of significant contracts, acquisitions, joint ventures, other strategic relationships or capital commitments;
any significant change in our management;
changes in general economic or market conditions or trends in our industry or markets;
changes in business or regulatory conditions, including new laws or regulations or new interpretations of existing laws or regulations applicable to register or qualify the underlying sharesour business;
future sales of our Class A common stock or other securities;
investor perceptions or the investment opportunity associated with our Class A common stock relative to other investment alternatives;
the public’s response to press releases or other public announcements by us or third parties, including our filings with the SEC;
litigation involving us, our industry, or both, or investigations by regulators into our operations or those of our competitors;
guidance, if any, that we provide to the public, any changes in this guidance or our failure to meet this guidance;
the development and sustainability of an active trading market for sale under all applicable state securities laws.

The grantour stock;

actions by institutional or activist stockholders;
changes in accounting standards, policies, guidelines, interpretations or principles;
general economic and political conditions such as recessions, interest rates, fuel prices, trade wars, pandemics (such as COVID-19), currency fluctuations and acts of registration rightswar (including ongoing geopolitical tensions related to our sponsorRussia’s actions in Ukraine, resulting sanctions imposed by the United States and its permitted transferees may make it more difficultother countries, and retaliatory actions taken by Russia in response to complete our initial business combination,such sanctions) or terrorism; and
the effects of natural disasters, terrorist attacks and the future exercisespread and/or abatement of infectious diseases, such rightsas COVID-19, including with respect to potential operational disruptions, labor disruptions, increased costs, and impacts to demand related thereto.

These broad market and industry fluctuations may adversely affect the market price of our Class A common stock.

Pursuant tostock, regardless of our actual operating performance. In addition, price volatility may be greater if the registration rights agreement entered into concurrently with the initial public offering, our sponsorfloat and its permitted transferees can demand that we register their founder shares after those shares convert to sharestrading volume of our Class A common stock atis low.


In the timepast, following periods of our initial business combination. In addition, our sponsor and its permitted transferees can demand that we register the private placement warrants and the shares of Class A common stock issuable upon exercise of the founder shares and the private placement warrants held by them and holders of warrants that may be issued upon conversion of working capital loans may demand that we register such warrants or the Class A

common stock issuable upon exercise of such warrants. We will bear the cost of registering these securities. The registration and availability of such a significant number ofmarket volatility, stockholders have instituted securities for trading in the public market may have an adverse effect on the market price of our Class A common stock. In addition, the existence of the registration rights may make our initial business combination more costly or difficult to conclude. This is because the stockholders of the target business may increase the equity stake they seek in the combined entity or ask for more cash consideration to offset the negative impact on the market price of our Class A common stock that is expected when the securities owned by our sponsor or holders of working capital loans or their respective permitted transferees are registered.

Because we are neither limited to evaluating target businesses in a particular industry nor have we identified any specific target businesses with which to pursue our initial business combination, you will be unable to ascertain the merits or risks of any particular target business’s operations.

Although we are focusing our search for a target business in the technology industry, we may seek to complete a business combination with an operating company in any industry or sector. However, we are not, under our amended and restated certificate of incorporation, permitted to effectuate our business combination with another blank check company or similar company with nominal operations. Because we have not yet entered into a definitive agreement with respect to a business combination, there is no basis to evaluate the possible merits or risks of any particular target business’s operations, results of operations, cash flows, liquidity, financial condition or prospects. To the extent we complete our initial business combination, we may be affected by numerous risks inherent in the business operations with which we combine. For example, if we combine with a financially unstable business or an entity lacking an established record of sales or earnings, we may be affected by the risks inherent in the business and operations of a financially unstable or a development stage entity. Although our officers and directors will endeavor to evaluate the risks inherent in a particular target business, we cannot assure you that we will properly ascertain or assess all of the significant risk factors or that we will have adequate time to complete due diligence. Furthermore, some of these risks may be outside of our control and leave us with no ability to control or reduce the chances that those risks will adversely impact a target business. We also cannot assure you that an investment in our units will ultimately prove to be more favorable to investors than a direct investment, if such opportunity were available, in a business combination target. Accordingly, any stockholders who choose to remain stockholders following our initial business combination could suffer a reduction in the value of their shares. Such stockholders are unlikely to have a remedy for such reduction in value unless they are able to successfully claim that the reduction was due to the breach by our officers or directors of a duty of care or other fiduciary duty owed to them, or if they are able to successfully bring a private claim under securities laws that the tender offer materials or proxy statement relating to the business combination contained an actionable material misstatement or material omission.

We may face risks related to companies in the technology industries.

Business combinations with companies in the technology industries entail special considerations and risks.class action litigation. If we are successfulinvolved in completing a business combination with such a target business, we may be subject to, and possibly adversely affected by, the following risks:

an inability to compete effectively in a highly competitive environment with many incumbents having substantially greater resources;

an inability to manage rapid change, increasing consumer expectations and growth;

an inability to build strong brand identity and improve subscriber or customer satisfaction and loyalty;

a reliance on proprietary technology to provide services and to manage our operations, and the failure of this technology to operate effectively, or our failure to use such technology effectively;

an inability to deal with our subscribers’ or customers’ privacy concerns;

an inability to attract and retain subscribers or customers;

an inability to license or enforce intellectual property rights on which our business may depend;

any significant disruption in our computer systems or those of third parties that we would utilize in our operations;

an inability by us, or a refusal by third parties, to license content to us upon acceptable terms;

potential liability for negligence, copyright or trademark infringement or other claims based on the nature and content of materials that we may distribute;

competition for advertising revenue;

competition for the leisure and entertainment time and discretionary spending of subscribers or customers, which may intensify in part due to advances in technology and changes in consumer expectations and behavior;

disruption or failure of our networks, systems or technology as a result of computer viruses, “cyber-attacks,” misappropriation of data or other malfeasance, as well as outages, natural disasters, terrorist attacks, accidental releases of information or similar events;

an inability to obtain necessary hardware, software and operational support; and

reliance on third-party vendors or service providers.

Any of the foregoing could have an adverse impact on our operations following a business combination.

We may seek acquisition opportunities in industries or sectors which may or may not be outside of our management’s area of expertise.

We will consider a business combination outside of our management’s area of expertise if a business combination candidate is presented to us and we determine that such candidate offers an attractive acquisition opportunity for our company. Although our management will endeavor to evaluate the risks inherent in any particular business combination candidate, we cannot assure you that we will adequately ascertain or assess all of the significant risk factors. We also cannot assure you that an investment in our units will not ultimately prove to be less favorable to you than a direct investment, if an opportunity were available, in a business combination candidate. In the event we elect to pursue an acquisition outside of the areas of our management’s expertise, our management’s expertise may not be directly applicable to its evaluation or operation, and the information contained in this annual report regarding the areas of our management’s expertise would not be relevant to an understanding of the business that we elect to acquire. As a result, our management may not be able to adequately ascertain or assess all of the significant risk factors. Accordingly, any stockholders who choose to remain stockholders following our business combination could suffer a reduction in the value of their shares. Such stockholders are unlikely to have a remedy for such reduction in value.

Although we have identified general criteria and guidelines that we believe are important in evaluating prospective target businesses, we may enter into our initial business combination with a target that does not meet such criteria and guidelines, and as a result, the target business with which we enter into our initial business combination may not have attributes entirely consistent with our general criteria and guidelines.

Although we have identified general criteria and guidelines for evaluating prospective target businesses,securities litigation, it is possible that a target business with which we enter into our initial business combination will not have all of these positive attributes. If we complete our initial business combination with a target that does not meet some or all of these guidelines, such combination may not be as successful as a combination with a business that does meet all of our general criteria and guidelines. In addition, if we announce a prospective business combination with a target that does not meet our general criteria and guidelines, a greater number of stockholders may exercise their redemption rights, which may make it difficult for us to meet any closing condition with a target business that requires us to have a minimum net worth or a certain amount of cash. In addition, if stockholder approval of the transaction is required by law, or we decide to obtain stockholder approval for business or other legal reasons, it may be more difficult for us to attain stockholder approval of our initial business combination if the target business does not meet our general criteria and guidelines. If we are unable to complete our initial business combination, our public stockholders may receive only approximately $10.00 per share on the liquidation of our trust account and our warrants will expire worthless.

We may seek acquisition opportunities with a financially unstable business or an entity lacking an established record of revenue or earnings, which could subject us to volatile revenues or earnings or difficulty in retaining key personnel.

To the extent we complete our initial business combination with a financially unstable business or an entity lacking an established record of revenues or earnings, we may be affected by numerous risks inherent in the operations of the business with which we combine. These risks include volatile revenues or earnings and difficulties in obtaining and retaining key personnel. Although our officers and directors will endeavor to evaluate the risks inherent in a particular target business, we may not be able to properly ascertain or assess all of the significant risk factors and we may not have adequate time to complete due diligence. Furthermore, some of these risks may be outside of our control and leave us with no ability to control or reduce the chances that those risks will adversely impact a target business.

We are not required to obtain an opinion from an independent investment banking firm or from an independent accounting firm, and consequently, you may have no assurance from an independent source that the price we are paying for the business is fair to our company from a financial point of view.

Unless we complete our initial business combination with an affiliated entity, we are not required to obtain an opinion from an independent investment banking firm that is a member of FINRA or from an independent accounting firm that the price we are paying is fair to our company from a financial point of view.

In addition, if our board of directors is not able to determine the fair market value of the target business or businesses, in connection with the NYSE rules that require that our initial business combination be with one or more target businesses that together have a fair market value equal to at least 80% of the balance in the trust account (less any deferred underwriting fees and taxes payable on interest earned) at the time of our signing a definitive agreement in connection with our initial business combination, we will obtain an opinion from an independent investment banking firm that is a member of FINRA or from an independent accounting firm with respect to the satisfaction of such criteria. Our stockholders will not be provided with a copy of such opinion nor will they be able to rely on such opinion.

Other than the two circumstances described above, we are not required to obtain an opinion from an independent investment banking firm that is a member of FINRA or from an independent accounting firm. If no opinion is obtained, our stockholders will be relying on the judgment of our board of directors, who will determine fair market value based on standards generally accepted by the financial community. Such standards used will be disclosed in our tender offer documents or proxy solicitation materials, as applicable, related to our initial business combination.

We may issue additional shares of Class A common stock or preferred stock to complete our initial business combination or under an employee incentive plan after completion of our initial business combination. We may also issue shares of Class A common stock upon the conversion of the Class B common stock at a ratio greater thanone-to-one at the time of our initial business combination as a result of the anti-dilution provisions contained in our amended and restated certificate of incorporation. Any such issuances would dilute the interest of our stockholders and likely present other risks.

Our amended and restated certificate of incorporation authorizes the issuance of up to 150,000,000 shares of Class A common stock, par value $0.0001 per share, 25,000,000 shares of Class B common stock, par value $0.0001 per share, and 1,000,000 shares of undesignated preferred stock, par value $0.0001 per share. As of March 6, 2020, there were 94,237,500 and 17,093,750 authorized but unissued shares of Class A common stock and Class B common stock, respectively, available for issuance, which amount takes into account the shares of Class A common stock reserved for issuance upon exercise of outstanding warrants but not the shares of Class A common stock issuable upon conversion of Class B common stock, which amount is not currently determinable. There are no shares of preferred stock issued and outstanding. Shares of Class B common stock are convertible into shares of our Class A common stock initially at aone-for-one ratio but subject to adjustment, including in certain circumstances in which we issue Class A common stock or equity-linked securities related to our initial business combination. Shares of Class B common stock are also convertible at the option of the holder at any time.

We may issue a substantial number of additional shares of Class A common stock, and may issue shares of preferred stock to complete our initial business combination or under an employee incentive plan after completion of our initial business combination. We may also issue shares of Class A common stock upon conversion of the Class B common stock at a ratio greater thanone-to-one at the time of our initial business combination as a result of the anti-dilution provisions contained in our amended and restated certificate of incorporation. However, our amended and restated certificate of incorporation provides, among other things, that prior to our initial business combination, we may not issue additional shares of capital stock that would entitle the holders thereof to (i) receive funds from the trust account or (ii) vote on any initial business combination. The issuance of additional shares of common or preferred stock:

may significantly dilute the equity interest of our existing investors;

may subordinate the rights of holders of common stock if preferred stock is issued with rights senior to those afforded our common stock;

could cause a change of control if a substantial number of shares of our Class A common stock are issued, which may affect, among other things, our ability to use our net operating loss carry forwards, if any, and could result in the resignation or removal of our present officers and directors; and

may adversely affect prevailing market prices for our units, common stock and/or warrants.

Resources could be wasted in researching acquisitions that are not completed, which could materially adversely affect subsequent attempts to locate and acquire or merge with another business. If we are unable to complete our initial business combination, our public stockholders may receive only approximately $10.00 per share, or less than such amount in certain circumstances, on the liquidation of our trust account and our warrants will expire worthless.

The investigation of each specific target business and the negotiation, drafting and execution of relevant agreements, disclosure documents and other instruments will require substantial management time and attention and substantial costs for accountants, attorneys and others. If we decide not to complete a specific initial business combination, the costs incurred up to that point for the proposed transaction likely would not be recoverable. Furthermore, if we reach an agreement relating to a specific target business, we may fail to complete our initial business combination for any number of reasons including those beyond our control. Any such event will result in a loss to us of the related costs incurred which could materially adversely affect subsequent attempts to locate and acquire or merge with another business. If we are unable to complete our initial business combination, our public stockholders may receive only approximately $10.00 per share, possibly less than $10.00 per share, on the liquidation of our trust account and our warrants will expire worthless.

Our ability to successfully effect our initial business combination and to be successful thereafter will be totally dependent upon the efforts of our key personnel, some of whom may join us following our initial business combination. The loss of key personnel could negatively impact the operations and profitability of our post-combination business.

Our ability to successfully effect our business combination is dependent upon the efforts of our key personnel. The role of our key personnel in the target business, however, cannot presently be ascertained. Although some of our key personnel may remain with the target business in senior management or advisory positions following our business combination, it is likely that some or all of the management of the

target business will remain in place. While we intend to closely scrutinize any individuals we engage after our initial business combination, we cannot assure you that our assessment of these individuals will prove to be correct. These individuals may be unfamiliar with the requirements of operating a company regulated by the SEC, which could cause us to have to expend time and resources helping them become familiar with such requirements.

In addition, the officers and directors of an acquisition candidate may resign upon completion of our initial business combination. The departure of a business combination target’s key personnel could negatively impact the operations and profitability of our post-combination business. The role of an acquisition candidate’s key personnel upon the completion of our initial business combination cannot be ascertained at this time. Although we contemplate that certain members of an acquisition candidate’s management team will remain associated with the acquisition candidate following our initial business combination, it is possible that members of the management of an acquisition candidate will not wish to remain in place. The loss of key personnel could negatively impact the operations and profitability of our post-combination business.

Our key personnel may negotiate employment or consulting agreements with a target business in connection with a particular business combination. These agreements may provide for them to receive compensation following our business combination and as a result, may cause them to have conflicts of interest in determining whether a particular business combination is the most advantageous.

Our key personnel may be able to remain with the company after the completion of our business combination only if they are able to negotiate employment or consulting agreements in connection with the business combination. Such negotiations would take place simultaneously with the negotiation of the business combination and could provide for such individuals to receive compensation in the form of cash payments and/or our securities for services they would render to us after the completion of the business combination. The personal and financial interests of such individuals may influence their motivation in identifying and selecting a target business. However, we believe the ability of such individuals to remain with us after the completion of our business combination will not be the determining factor in our decision as to whether or not we will proceed with any potential business combination. There is no certainty, however, that any of our key personnel will remain with us after the completion of our business combination. We cannot assure you that any of our key personnel will remain in senior management or advisory positions with us. The determination as to whether any of our key personnel will remain with us will be made at the time of our initial business combination.

We may have a limited ability to assess the management of a prospective target business and this, as a result, may affect our initial business combination with a target business whose management may not have the skills, qualifications or abilities to manage a public company, which could, in turn, negatively impact the value of our stockholders’ investment in us.

When evaluating the desirability of affecting our initial business combination with a prospective target business, our ability to assess the target business’s management may be limited due to a lack of time, resources or information. Our assessment of the capabilities of the target’s management, therefore, may prove to be incorrect and such management may lack the skills, qualifications or abilities we suspected. Should the target’s management not possess the skills, qualifications or abilities necessary to manage a public company, the operations and profitability of the post-combination business may be negatively impacted. Accordingly, any stockholders who choose to remain stockholders following the business combination could suffer a reduction in the value of their shares. Such stockholders are unlikely to have a remedy for such reduction in value.

Our officers and directors will allocate their time to other businesses thereby causing conflicts of interest in their determination as to how much time to devote to our affairs. This conflict of interest could have a negative impact on our ability to complete our initial business combination.

Our officerssubstantial cost and directors are not required to,divert resources and will not, commit their full time to our affairs, which may result in a conflict of interest in allocating their time between our operations and our search for a business combination and their other businesses. We do not intend to have any full-time employees prior to the completionattention of our initialexecutive management from our business combination. Each of our officers is engaged in several other business endeavors for which he may be entitled to substantial compensation and our officers are not obligated to contribute any specific number of hours per week to our affairs. If our officers’ and directors’ other business affairs require them to devote substantial amounts of time to such affairs in excess of their current commitment levels, it could limit their ability to devote time to our affairs which may have a negative impact on our ability to complete our initial business combination.

Certain of our officers and directors are now, and all of them may in the future become, affiliated with entities engaged in business activities similar to those intended to be conducted by us and, accordingly, may have conflicts of interest in allocating their time and determining to which entity a particular business opportunity should be presented.

Until we consummate our initial business combination, we intend to engage in the business of identifying and combining with one or more businesses. Our sponsor and officers and directors are, and may in the future become, affiliated with entities that are engaged in a similar business.

Our officers and directors also may become aware of business opportunities which may be appropriate for presentation to us and the other entities to which they owe certain fiduciary or contractual duties.

Accordingly, they may have conflicts of interest in determining to which entity a particular business opportunity should be presented. These conflicts may not be resolved in our favor and a potential target business may be presented to another entity prior to its presentation to us. Our amended and restated certificate of incorporation provides that we renounce our interest in any corporate opportunity offered to any director or officer unless such opportunity is expressly offered to such person solely in his or her capacity as a director or officer of our company and such opportunity is one we are legally and contractually permitted to undertake and would otherwise be reasonable for us to pursue.

Our officers, directors, security holders and their respective affiliates may have competitive pecuniary interests that conflict with our interests.

We have not adopted a policy that expressly prohibits our directors, officers, security holders or affiliates from having a direct or indirect pecuniary or financial interest in any investment to be acquired or disposed of by us or in any transaction to which we are a party or have an interest. In fact, we may enter into a business combination with a target business that is affiliated with our sponsor, our directors or officers, although we do not intend to do so. We do not have a policy that expressly prohibits any such persons from engaging for their own account in business activitiesregardless of the types conducted by us. Accordingly, such persons or entities may have a conflict between their interests and ours.

We may engage in a business combination with one or more target businesses that have relationships with entities that may be affiliated with our sponsor, officers, directors or existing holders which may raise potential conflicts of interest.

In light of the involvement of our sponsor, officers and directors with other entities, we may decide to acquire one or more businesses affiliated with our sponsor, officers or directors. Our directors also serve as officers and board members for other entities. Such entities may compete with us for business combination opportunities. Although we will not be specifically focusing on, or targeting, any transaction with any affiliated entities, we would pursue such a transaction if we determined that such affiliated entity met our criteria for a business combination and such transaction was approved by a majority of our disinterested directors. Despite our agreement to obtain an opinion from an independent investment banking firm that is a member of FINRA, or from an independent accounting firm, regarding the fairness to our company from a financial point of view of a business combination with one or more domestic or international businesses affiliated with our officers, directors or existing holders, potential conflicts of interest still may exist and, as a result, the terms of the business combination may not be as advantageous to our public stockholders as they would be absent any conflicts of interest.

Since our sponsor, officers and directors will lose their entire investment in us if our business combination is not completed, a conflict of interest may arise in determining whether a particular business combination target is appropriate for our initial business combination.

In June 2018, our sponsor purchased 125,000 founder shares for an aggregate purchase price of $25,000. We effected a69-for-1 forward stock split in September 2018. In April 2019, our sponsor contributed back to us for no consideration 1,437,500 shares of common stock. In October 2019, we effected a 1.1 for 1 stock dividend for each share of Class B common stock outstanding, and, as a result, our sponsor holds 7,906,250 founder shares. The resulting number of founder shares was determined so that such founder shares would represent 20% of our issued and outstanding shares of common stock after the initial public offering. The founder shares will be worthless if we do not complete an initial business combination. In addition, our sponsor purchased an aggregate of 8,325,000 private placement warrants, each exercisable for one share of our Class A common stock at $11.50 per share, for a purchase price of $8,325,000, or $1.00 per warrant, that will also be worthless if we do not complete a business combination. Holders of founder shares have agreed (A) to vote any shares owned by them in favor of any proposed business combination and (B) not to redeem any founder shares in connection with a stockholder vote to approve a proposed initial business combination. In addition, we may obtain loans from our sponsor, affiliates of our sponsor or an officer or director. The personal and financial interests of our officers and directors may influence their motivation in identifying and selecting a target business combination, completing an initial business combination and influencing the operation of the business following the initial business combination.

We may issue notes or other debt securities, or otherwise incur substantial debt, to complete a business combination, which may adversely affect our leverage and financial condition and thus negatively impact the value of our stockholders’ investment in us.

Although we have no commitments at this time to issue any notes or other debt securities, or to otherwise incur outstanding debt, we may choose to incur substantial debt to complete our business combination. We have agreed that we will not incur any indebtedness unless we have obtained from the lender a waiver of any right, title, interest or claim of any kind in or to the monies held in the trust account. As such, no issuance of debt will affect theper-share amount available for redemption from the trust account. Nevertheless, the incurrence of debt could have a variety of negative effects, including:

default and foreclosure on our assets if our operating revenues after an initial business combination are insufficient to repay our debt obligations;

acceleration of our obligations to repay the indebtedness even if we make all principal and interest payments when due if we breach certain covenants that require the maintenance of certain financial ratios or reserves without a waiver or renegotiation of that covenant;

our immediate payment of all principal and accrued interest, if any, if the debt security is payable on demand;

our inability to obtain necessary additional financing if the debt security contains covenants restricting our ability to obtain such financing while the debt security is outstanding;

our inability to pay dividends on our common stock;

using a substantial portion of our cash flow to pay principal and interest on our debt, which will reduce the funds available for dividends on our common stock if declared, our ability to pay expenses, make capital expenditures and acquisitions, and fund other general corporate purposes;

limitations on our flexibility in planning for and reacting to changes in our business and in the industry in which we operate;

increased vulnerability to adverse changes in general economic, industry and competitive conditions and adverse changes in government regulation;

limitations on our ability to borrow additional amounts for expenses, capital expenditures, acquisitions, debt service requirements, and execution of our strategy; and

other disadvantages compared to our competitors who have less debt.

We may only be able to complete one business combination with the proceeds of the initial public offering and the sale of the private placement warrants, which will cause us to be solely dependent on a single business which may have a limited number of products or services. This lack of diversification may negatively impact our operations and profitability.

We may effectuate our business combination with a single target business or multiple target businesses simultaneously or within a short period of time. However, we may not be able to effectuate our business combination with more than one target business because of various factors, including the existence of complex accounting issues and the requirement that we prepare and file pro forma financial statements with the SEC that present operating results and the financial condition of several target businesses as if they had been operated on a combined basis. By completing our initial business combination with only a single entity, our lack of diversification may subject us to numerous economic, competitive and regulatory developments. Further, we would not be able to diversify our operations or benefit from the possible spreading of risks or offsetting of losses, unlike other entities which may have the resources to complete several business combinations in different industries or different areas of a single industry. In addition, we are focusing our search for an initial business combination in a single industry. Accordingly, the prospects for our success may be:

solely dependent upon the performance of a single business, property or asset, or

dependent upon the development or market acceptance of a single or limited number of products, processes or services.

This lack of diversification may subject us to numerous economic, competitive and regulatory developments, any or all of which may have a substantial adverse impact upon the particular industry in which we may operate subsequent to our business combination.

We may attempt to simultaneously complete business combinations with multiple prospective targets, which may hinder our ability to complete our business combination and give rise to increased costs and risks that could negatively impact our operations and profitability.

If we determine to simultaneously acquire several businesses that are owned by different sellers, we will need for eachoutcome of such sellers to agree that our purchase of its business is contingent on the simultaneous closings of the other business combinations, which may make it more difficult for us, and delay our ability, to complete our initial business combination. With multiple business combinations, we could also face additional risks, including additional burdens and costs with respect to possible multiple negotiations and due diligence investigations (if there are multiple sellers) and the additional risks associated with the subsequent assimilation of the operations and services or products of the acquired companies in a single operating business. If we are unable to adequately address these risks, it could negatively impact our profitability and results of operations.

We may attempt to complete our initial business combination with a private company about which little information is available, which may result in a business combination with a company that is not as profitable as we suspected, if at all.

In pursuing our acquisition strategy, we may seek to effectuate our initial business combination with a privately held company. Generally, very little public information exists about private companies, and we could be required to make our decision on whether to pursue a potential initial business combination on the basis of limited information, which may result in a business combination with a company that is not as profitable as we suspected, if at all.

Our management may not be able to maintain control of a target business after our initial business combination.

We may structure a business combination so that the post-transaction company in which our public stockholders own shares will own less than 100% of the equity interests or assets of a target business, but we will only complete such business combination if the post-transaction company owns or acquires 50% or more of the outstanding voting securities of the target or otherwise acquires a controlling interest in the target sufficient for us not to be required to register as an investment company under the Investment Company Act. We will not consider any transaction that does not meet such criteria. Even if the post-transaction company owns 50% or more of the voting securities of the target, our stockholders prior to the business combination may collectively own a minority interest in the post business combination company, depending on valuations

litigation.

ascribed to the target and us in the business combination transaction. For example, we could pursue a transaction in which we issue a substantial number of new shares of common stock in exchange for all of the outstanding capital stock of a target. In this case, we would acquire a 100% interest in the target. However, as a result of the issuance of a substantial number of new shares of common stock, our stockholders immediately prior to such transaction could own less than a majority of our outstanding shares of common stock subsequent to such transaction. In addition, other minority stockholders may subsequently combine their holdings resulting in a single person or group obtaining a larger share of the company’s stock than we initially acquired. Accordingly, this may make it more likely that our management will not be able to maintain our control of the target business. We cannot provide assurance that, upon loss of control of a target business, new management will possess the skills, qualifications or abilities necessary to profitably operate such business.

We do not have a specified maximum redemption threshold. The absence of such a redemption threshold may make it possible for us to complete a business combination with which a substantial majority of our stockholders do not agree.

Our amended and restated certificate of incorporation does not provide a specified maximum redemption threshold, except that in no event will we redeem our public shares in an amount that would cause our net tangible assets to be less than $5,000,001 (such that we are not subject to the SEC’s “penny stock” rules) or any greater net tangible asset or cash requirement which may be contained in the agreement relating to our initial business combination. As a result, we may be able to complete our initial business combination even though a substantial majority of our public stockholders do not agree with the transaction and have redeemed their shares or, if we seek stockholder approval of our initial business combination and do not conduct redemptions in connection with our initial business combination pursuant to the tender offer rules, have entered into privately negotiated agreements to sell their shares to our sponsor, officers, directors, advisors or any of their affiliates. In the event the aggregate cash consideration we would be required to pay for all shares of common stock that are validly submitted for redemption plus any amount required to satisfy cash conditions pursuant to the terms of the proposed business combination exceed the aggregate amount of cash available to us, we will not complete the business combination or redeem any shares, all shares of common stock submitted for redemption will be returned to the holders thereof, and we instead may search for an alternate business combination.

The exercise price for the public warrants is higher than in many similar blank check company offerings in the past, and, accordingly, the warrants are more likely to expire worthless.

The exercise price of the public warrants is higher than is typical in many similar blank check companies in the past. Historically, the exercise price of a warrant was generally a fraction of the purchase price of the units in the initial public offering. The exercise price for our public warrants is $11.50 per whole share. As a result, the warrants are less likely to ever be in the money and more likely to expire worthless.

In order to effectuate our initial business combination, we may seek to amend our amended and restated certificate of incorporation or governing instruments in a manner that will make it easier for us to complete our initial business combination but that our stockholders may not support.

In order to effectuate a business combination, blank check companies have, in the recent past, amended various provisions of their charters and modified governing instruments. For example, blank check companies have amended the definition of business combination, increased redemption thresholds and changed industry focus. We cannot assure you that we will not seek to amend our charter or governing instruments or change our industry focus in order to effectuate our initial business combination.

The provisions of our amended and restated certificate of incorporation that relate to ourpre-business combination activity (and corresponding provisions of the agreement governing the release of funds from our trust account) may be amended with the approval of holders of 65% of our common stock, which is a lower amendment threshold than that of some other blank check companies. It may be easier for us, therefore, to amend our amended and restated certificate of incorporation and the trust agreement to facilitate the completion of an initial business combination that some of our stockholders may not support.

Some other blank check companies have a provision in their charter which prohibits the amendment of certain of its provisions, including those which relate to a company’spre-business combination activity, without approval by a certain percentage of the company’s stockholders. In those companies, amendment of these provisions requires approval by between 90% and 100% of the company’s public stockholders. Our amended and restated certificate of incorporation provides that any of its provisions (other than amendments relating to the appointment of directors, which require the approval of holders of a majority of at least 90% of our common stock voting in a stockholder meeting), including those related topre-business combination activity, may be amended if approved by holders of 65% of our common stock entitled to vote thereon, and corresponding provisions of the trust agreement governing the release of funds from our trust account may be amended if approved by holders of 65% of our common stock entitled to vote thereon. In all other instances, our amended and restated certificate of incorporation may be amended by holders of a majority of our outstanding common stock entitled to vote thereon, subject to applicable provisions of the DGCL or applicable stock exchange rules. Our sponsor, which beneficially owns 20% of our common stock, will participate in any vote to amend our amended and restated certificate of incorporation and/or trust agreement and will have the discretion to vote in any manner it chooses. As a result, we may be able to amend the provisions of our amended and restated certificate of incorporation which govern ourpre-business combination behavior more easily than some other blank check companies, and this may increase our ability to complete a business combination with which you do not agree. Our stockholders may pursue remedies against us for any breach of our amended and restated certificate of incorporation.


We may be unable to obtain additional financing to complete our initial business combination or to fund the operations and growth of a target business, which could compel us to restructure or abandon a particular business combination.

Although we believe that the net proceeds of the initial public offering and the sale of the private placement warrants are sufficient to allow us to complete our initial business combination, we cannot ascertain the capital requirements for any particular transaction at this time. If the net proceeds of the initial public offering and the sale of the private placement warrants prove to be insufficient, either because of the size of our initial business combination, the depletion of the available net proceeds in search of a target business, the obligation to repurchase for cash a significant number of shares from stockholders who elect redemption in connection with our initial business combination or the terms of negotiated transactions to purchase shares in connection with our initial business combination, we may be required to seek additional financing or to abandon the proposed business combination. We cannot assure you that such financing will be available on acceptable terms, if at all. To the extent that additional financing proves to be unavailable when needed to complete our initial business combination, we would be compelled to either restructure the transaction or abandon that particular business combination and seek an alternative target business candidate. If we are unable to complete our initial business combination, our public stockholders may receive only approximately $10.00 per share plus any pro rata interest earned on the funds held in the trust account and not previously released to us to pay our franchise and income taxes on the liquidation of our trust account and our warrants will expire worthless. In addition, even if we do not need additional financing to complete our business combination, we may require such financing to fund the operations or growth of the target business. The failure to secure additional financing could have a material adverse effect on the continued development or growth of the target business. None of our officers, directors or stockholders is required to provide any financing to us in connection with or after our initial business combination. If we are unable to complete our initial business combination, our public stockholders may only receive approximately $10.00 per share on the liquidation of our trust account, and our warrants will expire worthless.

Our sponsor will control the election of our board of directors until consummation of our initial business combination and will hold a substantial interest in us. As a result, they will elect all of our directors prior to the consummation of our initial business combination and may exert a substantial influence on actions requiring a stockholder vote, potentially in a manner that you do not support.

Our sponsor owns 20% of our issued and outstanding shares of common stock. In addition, the founder shares, all of which are held by our sponsor, will entitle our sponsor to elect all of our directors prior to the consummation of our initial business combination. Holders of our public shares will have no right to vote on the election of directors during such time. These provisions of our amended and restated certificate of incorporation may only be amended by holders of a majority of at least 90% of our common stock voting in a stockholder meeting. As a result, you will not have any influence over the election of directors prior to our initial business combination.

Neither our sponsor nor, to our knowledge, any of our officers or directors, have any current intention to purchase additional securities, other than as disclosed in this annual report. Factors that would be considered in making such additional purchases would include consideration of the current trading price of our Class A common stock. In addition, as a result of their substantial ownership in our company, our sponsor may exert a substantial influence on other actions requiring a stockholder vote, potentially in a manner that you do not support, including amendments to our amended and restated certificate of incorporation and approval of major corporate transactions. If our sponsor or our officers or directors purchase any additional shares of common stock in the aftermarket or in privately negotiated transactions, this would increase their influence over these actions.

We may amend the terms of the warrants in a manner that may be adverse to holders of public warrants with the approval by the holders of at least 65% of the then outstanding public warrants.

Our warrants are issued in registered form under a warrant agreement between Continental Stock Transfer & Trust Company, as warrant agent, and us. The warrant agreement provides that the terms of the warrants may be amended without the consent of any holder to cure any ambiguity or correct any defective provision, but requires the approval by the holders of at least 65% of the then outstanding public warrants to make any change that adversely affects the interests of the registered holders of public warrants. Accordingly, we may amend the terms of the public warrants in a manner adverse to a holder if holders of at least 65% of the then outstanding public warrants approve of such amendment. Although our ability to amend the terms of the public warrants with the consent of at least 65% of the then outstanding public warrants is unlimited, examples of such amendments could be amendments to, among other things, increase the exercise price of the warrants, shorten the exercise period or decrease the number of shares of our common stock purchasable upon exercise of a warrant.

We may redeem your unexpired warrants prior to their exercise at a time that is disadvantageous to you, thereby making your warrants worthless.

We have the ability to redeem outstanding warrants at any time after they become exercisable and prior to their expiration, at a price of $0.01 per warrant, provided that the last reported sales price of our Class A common stock equals or exceeds $18.00 per share (as adjusted for stock splits, stock dividends, reorganizations, recapitalizations and the like and for certain issuances of Class A common stock and equity-linked securities as described herein) for any 20 trading days within a 30trading-day period ending on the third trading day prior to the date on which we give proper notice of such redemption and provided certain other conditions are met. If and when the warrants become redeemable by us, we may exercise our redemption right even if we are unable to register or qualify the underlying securities for sale under all applicable state securities laws. Redemption of the outstanding warrants could force you (i) to exercise your warrants and pay the exercise price therefor at a time when it may be disadvantageous for you to do so, (ii) to sell your warrants at the then-current market price when you might otherwise wish to hold your

warrants or (iii) to accept the nominal redemption price which, at the time the outstanding warrants are called for redemption, is likely to be substantially less than the market value of your warrants. None of the private placement warrants will be redeemable by us so long as they are held by the sponsor or its permitted transferees.

Our warrants and founder shares may have an adverse effect on the market price of our Class A common stock and make it more difficult to effectuate our business combination.

We issued warrants to purchase 15,812,500 shares of our Class A common stock as part of the units offered by us in the initial public offering and, simultaneously with the closing of the initial public offering, we issued in a private placement warrants to purchase an aggregate of 8,325,000 shares of Class A common stock at $11.50 per share. Prior to the initial public offering and after a forward stock split, partial forfeiture and stock dividend, our sponsor purchased and holds an aggregate of 7,906,250 founder shares. The founder shares are convertible into shares of Class A common stock on aone-for-one basis, subject to adjustment. In addition, if our sponsor makes any working capital loans, up to $1,500,000 of such loans may be converted into warrants, at the price of $1.00 per warrant at the option of the lender. Such warrants would be identical to the private placement warrants, including as to exercise price, exercisability and exercise period.

To the extent we issue shares of Class A common stock to effectuate a business combination, the potential for the issuance of a substantial number of additional shares of Class A common stock upon exercise of these warrants and conversion rights could make us a less attractive acquisition vehicle to a target business. Any such issuance will increase the number of issued and outstanding shares of our Class A common stock and reduce the value of the shares of Class A common stock issued to complete the business combination. Therefore, our warrants and founder shares may make it more difficult to effectuate a business combination or increase the cost of acquiring the target business.

The private placement warrants are identical to the warrants sold as part of the units in the initial public offering except that, so long as they are held by our sponsor or its permitted transferees, (i) they will not be redeemable by us, (ii) they (including the Class A common stock issuable upon exercise of these warrants) may not, subject to certain limited exceptions, be transferred, assigned or sold by our sponsor until 30 days after the completion of our initial business combination and (iii) they may be exercised by the holders on a cashless basis.

Because each unit containsone-half of one redeemable warrant and only a whole warrant may be exercised, the units may be worth less than units of other blank check companies.

Each unit containsone-half of one redeemable warrant. Because, pursuant to the warrant agreement, the warrants may only be exercised for a whole number of shares, only a whole warrant may be exercised at any given time. This is different from other offerings similar to ours whose units include one share of common stock and one warrant to purchase one whole share. We have established the components of the units in this way in order to reduce the dilutive effect of the warrants upon completion of a business combination since the warrants will be exercisable in the aggregate for one half of the number of shares compared to units that each contain a warrant to purchase one whole share, thus making us, we believe, a more attractive merger partner for target businesses. Nevertheless, this unit structure may cause our units to be worth less than if they included a warrant to purchase one whole share.

The market for our securities may not develop, which would adversely affect the liquidity and price of our securities.

An active trading market for our securities may never develop or, if developed, it may not be sustained. In addition, the price of our securities can vary significantly due to one or more potential business combinations and general market or economic conditions. You may be unable to sell your securities unless a market can be established or sustained.

Because we must furnish our stockholders with target business financial statements, we may lose the ability to complete an otherwise advantageous initial business combination with some prospective target businesses.

The federal proxy rules require that a proxy statement with respect to a vote on a business combination meeting certain financial significance tests include historical and/or pro forma financial statement disclosure in periodic reports. We will include the same financial statement disclosure in connection with our tender offer documents, whether or not they are required under the tender offer rules. These financial statements may be required to be prepared in accordance with, or be reconciled to, GAAP or IFRS, depending on the circumstances and the historical financial statements may be required to be audited in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States), or PCAOB. These financial statement requirements may limit the pool of potential target businesses we may acquire because some targets may be unable to provide such financial statements in time for us to disclose such statements in accordance with federal proxy rules and complete our initial business combination within the prescribed time frame.

We are an emerging growth company and a smaller reporting company within the meaning of the Securities Act, and if we take advantage of certain exemptions fromthe reduced disclosure requirements availableapplicable to emerging growth companies orand smaller reporting companies this could make our securities less attractive to investors and may make it more difficult to compare our performance with other public companies.

companies, and make our Class A common stock less attractive to investors.


We are an “emerging growth company” withincompany,” as defined in the meaning of the SecuritiesJumpstart Our Business Startups Act (“JOBS Act”). For as modified by the JOBS Act,long as we continue to be an emerging growth company, we are eligible for and we mayintend to take advantage of certain exemptions from various reporting requirements that are applicable to other public companies that are not emerging growth companies including, but not limited to “emerging growth companies,” including:

not being required to comply with the auditor attestation requirements ofhave an independent registered public accounting firm audit our internal control over financial reporting under Section 404 of the Sarbanes-

OxleySarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002;

reduced disclosure obligations regarding executive compensation in our periodic reports and proxy statements,annual report on Form 10-K; and

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exemptions from the requirements of holding a non-binding advisory votevotes on executive compensation and stockholder approval of any golden parachute payments not previously approved.

As a result, ourthe stockholders may not have access to certain information that they may deem important. We could bewill remain an emerging growth company for upuntil the earliest of:

the last day of the fiscal year in which we have at least $1.07 billion in annual revenue;
the date we qualify as a “large accelerated filer,” with at least $700.0 million of equity securities held by non-affiliates;
the date on which we have issued, in any three-year period, more than $1.0 billion in non-convertible debt securities; or
the last day of the fiscal year ending after the fifth anniversary of the Osprey IPO.

Under the JOBS Act, emerging growth companies can also delay adopting new or revised accounting standards until such time as those standards apply to five years, although circumstances could cause usprivate companies. We may elect to lose that status earlier, includingtake advantage of this extended transition period and as a result, our financial statements may not be comparable with similarly situated public companies.

We cannot predict if the market value ofinvestors will find our Class A common stock held bynon-affiliates exceeds $700 million asless attractive if we choose to rely on any of any June 30 before that time, in which case we would no longer be anthe exemptions afforded emerging growth company as of the following December 31. We cannot predict whether investors will find our securities less attractive because we will rely on these exemptions.companies. If some investors find our securitiesClass A common stock less attractive as a resultbecause we rely on any of our reliance on these exemptions, the trading prices of our securities may be lower than they otherwise would be, there may be a less active trading market for our securities and the trading prices of our securities may be more volatile.

Class A common stock.


Further, Section 102(b)(1) of the JOBS Act exempts emerging growth companies from being required to comply with new or revised financial accounting standards until private companies (that is, those that have not hadas a Securities Act registration statement declared effective or do not have a class of securities registered under the Exchange Act) are required to comply with the new or revised financial accounting standards. The JOBS Act provides that asmaller reporting company can elect to opt out of the extended transition period and comply with the requirements that apply tonon-emerging growth companies but any such an election to opt out is irrevocable. We have elected not to opt out of such extended transition period, which means that when a standard is issued or revised and it has different application dates for public or private companies, we as an emerging growth company, can adopt the new or revised standard at the time private companies adopt the new or revised standard. This may make comparison of our financial statements with another public company which is neither an emerging growth company nor an emerging growth company which has opted out of using the extended transition period difficult or impossible because of the potential differences in accountant standards used.

Additionally, we are a “smaller reporting company” as defined in Rule 10(f)(1) ofRegulation S-K. Smaller reporting companies may take advantage of certain reduced disclosure obligations, including,requirements, such as, among other things,others, providing only two years of audited financial statements. We will remain a smaller reporting company until the last day of the fiscal year in which (1) the market value of our common stock heldby non-affiliates is equal to or exceeds $250 million as of the prior June 30th,end of that fiscal year’s second quarter, or, (2) our annual revenues exceeded $100 million during such completed fiscal year andif the market value of our common stock heldby non-affiliates exceedsis less than $700 million as of the prior June 30th.end of that fiscal year’s second quarter, we will remain a smaller reporting company until our annual revenue is equal to or exceeds $100 million. To the extent we take advantage of such reduced disclosure obligations, it may also makerequirements available to smaller reporting companies, a comparison of our financial statements withto those of other public companies difficult or impossible.

Compliance obligations undermay be difficult.


Because there are no current plans to pay cash dividends on our Class A common stock for the Sarbanes-Oxley Actforeseeable future, you may make it more difficultnot receive any return on investment unless you sell your Class A common stock for a price greater than that which you paid for it.

We intend to retain future earnings, if any, for future operations, expansion and debt repayment and there are no current plans to pay any cash dividends for the foreseeable future. The declaration, amount and payment of any future dividends on shares of our Class A common stock will be at the sole discretion of our board of directors. Our board of directors may take into account general and economic conditions, our financial condition and results of operations, our available cash and current and anticipated cash needs, capital requirements, contractual, legal, tax, and regulatory restrictions, implications on the payment of dividends by us to effectuate our initial business combination, require substantial financialstockholders or by our subsidiaries to us and management resources,such other factors as our board of directors may deem relevant. In addition, our ability to pay dividends is limited by covenants of our existing and increase the timeoutstanding indebtedness and costs of completing an acquisition.

Section 404 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act requires that we evaluate and report on our system of internal controls beginning with our Annual Report on Form10-K for the year ending December 31, 2020. Further, for as long as we remain an emerging growth company, we will notmay be required to comply with the independent registered public accounting firm attestation requirement on our internal control over financial reporting. The fact that we are a blank check company makes compliance with the requirements of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act particularly burdensome on us as compared to other public companies because a target company with which we seek to complete our business combination may not be in compliance with the provisions of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act regarding adequacy of its internal controls. The development of the internal controllimited by covenants of any such entity to achieve compliance with the Sarbanes-Oxley Act may increase the time and costs necessary to complete any such acquisition.

The requirements of being a public company may strain our resources and divert management’s attention.

As a public company,future indebtedness we are subject to the reporting requirements of the Exchange Act, the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 (which we refer to as the Sarbanes-Oxley Act), the Dodd-Frank Act Wall Street Reform and Consumer Protection Act (which we refer to as the Dodd-Frank Act), the listing requirements of the NYSE and other applicable securities rules and regulations. Compliance with these rules and regulations will increase our legal and financial compliance costs, make some activities more difficult, time-consuming or costly and increase demand on our systems and resources, particularly after we are no longer an “emerging growth company.” The Sarbanes-Oxley Act requires, among other things, that we maintain effective disclosure controls and procedures and internal control over financial reporting. In order to maintain and, if required, improve our disclosure controls and procedures and internal control over financial reporting to meet this standard, significant resources and management oversight may be required.incur. As a result, management’s attentionyou may be diverted from other business concerns,not receive any return on an investment in our Class A common stock unless you sell our Class A common stock for a price greater than that which could adversely affectyou paid for it.


If securities analysts do not publish research or reports about our business or if they downgrade our stock or our sector, our stock price and operating results.trading volume could decline.

The trading market for our Class A common stock will rely in part on the research and reports that industry or financial analysts publish about us or our business. We have no influence over these analysts, some of whom may need

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have limited expertise with our business model and operations. Furthermore, if one or more of the analysts who do cover us downgrade our stock or industry, or the stock of any of our competitors, or publish inaccurate or unfavorable research about our business, the price of our stock could decline. If one or more of these analysts ceases coverage of us or fails to hire more employeespublish reports on us regularly, we could lose visibility in the futuremarket, which in turn could cause our stock price or engage outside consultantstrading volume to comply with these requirements, which will increasedecline.

Anti-takeover provisions in our costs and expenses.

In addition, changing laws, regulations and standards relating to corporate governance and public disclosure are creating uncertainty for public companies, increasing legal and financial compliance costs and making some activities more time consuming. These laws, regulations and standards are subject to varying interpretations, in many cases due to their lackorganizational documents could delay or prevent a change of specificity, and, as a result, their application in practice may evolve over time as new guidance is provided by regulatory and governing bodies. This could result in continuing uncertainty regarding compliance matters and higher costs necessitated by ongoing revisions to disclosure and governance practices. We intend to invest resources to comply with evolving laws, regulations and standards, and this investment may result in increased general and administrative expenses and a diversioncontrol.


Certain provisions of management’s time and attention from revenue-generating activities to compliance activities. If our efforts to comply with new laws, regulations and standards differ from the activities intended by regulatory or governing bodies due to ambiguities related to their application and practice, regulatory authorities may initiate legal proceedings against us and our business may be adversely affected.

Provisions in our amended and restated certificate of incorporation and Delaware lawamended and restated bylaws may inhibithave an anti-takeover effect and may delay, defer or prevent a merger, acquisition, tender offer, takeover attempt or other change of us, which could limitcontrol transaction that a stockholder might consider in its best interest, including those attempts that might result in a premium over the market price investors mightfor the shares held by our stockholders.


These provisions provide for, among other things:

a classified board of directors whose members serve staggered three-year terms;
the ability of our board of directors to issue one or more series of preferred stock;
advance notice for nominations of directors by stockholders and for stockholders to include matters to be willingconsidered at our annual meetings;
certain limitations on convening special stockholder meetings;
limiting the ability of stockholders to payact by written consent;
providing that our board of directors is expressly authorized to make, alter or repeal our bylaws; and
the removal of directors only for cause and only upon the affirmative vote of holders of at least 66 2/3% of the voting power of our issued and outstanding capital stock entitled to vote in the futureelection of directors, voting together as a single class.

These anti-takeover provisions could make it more difficult for a third party to acquire us, even if the third-party’s offer may be considered beneficial by many of our Class A common stockstockholders. As a result, our stockholders may be limited in their ability to obtain a premium for their shares. These provisions could also discourage proxy contests and could entrench management.

make it more difficult for you and other stockholders to elect directors of your choosing and to cause us to take other corporate actions you desire. See “Description of Securities” filed as an Exhibit to this Annual Report on Form 10-K for more information.


Our amended and restated certificate of incorporation contains provisionsdesignates the Court of Chancery of the State of Delaware as the sole and exclusive forum for certain types of actions and proceedings that may discourage unsolicited takeover proposals thatbe initiated by our stockholders, may consider to be in their best interests. These provisions include a staggered board of directors and the ability of the board of directors to designate the terms of and issue new series of preferred shares, which may make the removal of management more difficult and may discourage transactions that otherwise could involve payment of a premium over prevailing market prices for our securities.

We are also subject to anti-takeover provisions under Delaware law, which could delaylimit our stockholders’ ability to obtain a favorable judicial forum for disputes with us or prevent a change of control. Together these provisions may make the removal of management more difficult and may discourage transactions that otherwise could involve payment of a premium over prevailing market prices for our securities.

If we effect our initial business combination with a company with operationsdirectors, officers, employees or opportunities outside of the United States, we would be subject to a variety of additional risks that may negatively impact our operations.

If we effect our initial business combination with a company with operations or opportunities outside of the United States, we would be subject to any special considerations or risks associated with companies operating in an international setting, including any of the following:

stockholders.

higher costs and difficulties inherent in managing cross-border business operations and complying with different commercial and legal requirements of overseas markets;


rules and regulations regarding currency redemption;

complex corporate withholding taxes on individuals;

laws governing the manner in which future business combinations may be effected;

tariffs and trade barriers;

regulations related to customs and import/export matters;

longer payment cycles and challenges in collecting accounts receivable;

tax issues, such as tax law changes and variations in tax laws as compared to the United States;

currency fluctuations and exchange controls;

rates of inflation;

cultural and language differences;

employment regulations;

crime, strikes, riots, civil disturbances, terrorist attacks, natural disasters and wars;

deterioration of political relations with the United States; and

government appropriations of assets.

We may not be able to adequately address these additional risks. If we were unable to do so, our operations might suffer, which may adversely impact our results of operations and financial condition.

Our amended and restated certificate of incorporation requires,provides that, subject to limited exceptions, thatany (1) derivative actionsaction or proceeding brought inon behalf of us, (2) action asserting a claim of breach of a duty (including any fiduciary duty) owed by any of our name, actions against ourcurrent or former directors, officers, otherstockholders, employees or agents to us or our stockholders, for breach(3) action asserting a claim against us or any of fiduciary duty and other similar actions may be brought only in the Courtour current or former directors, officers, stockholders, employees or agents arising out of Chancery in the State of Delaware and, if such actions are brought outsideor relating to any provision of the State of Delaware, the stockholder bringing the suit will be deemed to have consented to service of process on such stockholder’s counsel, which may have the effect of discouraging lawsuits againstDGCL or our directors, officers, other employees or stockholders.

Our amended and restated certificate of incorporation requires, subjector our amended and restated bylaws (each, as in effect from time to limited exceptions, that derivative actions brought intime) or (4) action asserting a claim against us or any of our name, actions against ourcurrent or former directors, officers, otherstockholders, employees or stockholders for breachagents governed by the internal affairs doctrine of fiduciary duty and other similar actions maythe State of Delaware shall, to the fullest extent permitted by applicable law, be exclusively brought only in the Court of Chancery in the State of Delaware and, if such actions are brought outside of the State of Delaware the stockholder bringing the suit will be deemed to have consented to service of process onor, if such stockholder’s counsel except any action (A) as to which the Court of Chancery

incourt lacks subject matter jurisdiction thereof, another state or federal court located within the State of Delaware, determinesprovided that, there is an indispensable party not subjectunless we consent in writing to the jurisdictionselection of an alternative forum, the federal district courts of the CourtUnited States of Chancery (and the indispensable party does not consentAmerica will, to the personal jurisdictionfullest extent permitted by law, be the sole and exclusive forum for the resolution of the Courtany complaint against any person in connection with any offering of Chancery within ten days following such determination), (B) which is vested in the exclusive jurisdictionour securities, asserting a cause of a court or forum other than the Court of Chancery, (C) for which the Court of Chancery does not have subject matter jurisdiction or (D)action arising


51


under the Securities Act, as to which the Court of Chancery and the federal district court for the District of Delaware shall have concurrent jurisdiction.Act. Any person or entity purchasing or otherwise acquiring any interest in shares of our capital stock shall be deemed to have notice of and consentedto consent to the forum provisions inof our amended and restated certificate of incorporation.

incorporation described above. This choice of forum provision may limit a stockholder’s ability to bring a claim in a judicial forum that it finds favorable for disputes with us or any of our directors, officers or other employees, or stockholders, which may discourage such lawsuits with respect to such claims, althoughagainst us and our stockholders will not be deemed to have waived our compliance with federal securities lawsdirectors, officers and the rules and regulations thereunder. While we believe the risk ofemployees. Alternatively, if a court decliningwere to enforce the choicefind these provisions of forum provision contained in our amended and restated certificate of incorporation is low, if a court wereinapplicable to, find the provision inapplicable (including as a result of the above exclusions) or unenforceable in an action,respect of, one or more of the specified types of actions or proceedings, we may incur additional costs associated with resolving such actionmatters in other jurisdictions, which could adversely affect our business and financial condition.


General Risks

Our employees or others acting on our behalf may engage in misconduct or other improper activities, which could cause us to lose contracts or cause us to incur costs.

We are exposed to the risk that employee fraud or other misconduct from our employees or others acting on our behalf could occur. Misconduct by employees or others could include intentional failures to comply with U.S. government procurement regulations, engaging in unauthorized activities, insider threats to our cybersecurity, or falsifying time records. Misconduct by our employees or others acting on our behalf could also involve the improper use of our customers’ sensitive or classified information, which could result in regulatory sanctions against us, serious harm to our reputation, a loss of contracts and a reduction in revenue, or cause us to incur costs to respond to any related governmental inquiries. It is not always possible to deter misconduct, and the precautions we take to prevent and detect this activity may not be effective in controlling unknown or unmanaged risks or losses, which could cause us to lose contracts or cause a reduction in revenue. In addition, alleged or actual misconduct by employees or others acting on our behalf could result in investigations or prosecutions of persons engaged in the subject activities, which could result in unanticipated consequences or expenses and management distraction for us regardless of whether we are alleged to have any responsibility.

We may in the future experience such misconduct, despite our various compliance programs. Misconduct or improper actions by our employees, agents, subcontractors, suppliers, business partners and/or joint ventures could subject us to administrative, civil or criminal investigations and enforcement actions; monetary and non-monetary penalties; liabilities; and the loss of privileges and other sanctions, including suspension and debarment, which could negatively impact our reputation and ability to conduct business and could have a material adverse effect on our financial position, results of operations and cash flows.

We use our judgment and estimates relating to our critical accounting policies including accounting for contracts, and any changes in such estimates or errors in our underlying assumptions could have an adverse effect on our overall financial performance.

The preparation of our financial statements in conformity with Generally Accepted Accounting Principles in the United States of America (“GAAP”) requires management to make judgments, estimates, and assumptions that affect the amounts reported in the consolidated financial statements and accompanying notes. We base our estimates on historical experience and on various other assumptions that we believe to be reasonable under the circumstances.

When agreeing to contractual terms, our management makes assumptions and projections about future conditions and events, many of which extend over long periods. These projections assess the productivity and availability of labor, complexity of the work to be performed, cost and availability of materials, impact of delayed performance and timing of product deliveries. Contract accounting requires judgment relative to assessing risks, estimating contract revenue and costs, and making assumptions for schedule and technical issues. Due to the size and nature of many of our contracts, the estimation of total revenue and costs at completion is complicated and subject to many variables. For example, assumptions are made regarding the length of time to complete a contract since costs also include expected increases in wages, prices for materials and allocated fixed costs. Similarly, assumptions are made regarding the future impact of our efficiency initiatives and cost reduction efforts. Incentives,

52


awards or penalties related to performance on contracts are considered in estimating revenue and profit rates and are recorded when there is sufficient information to assess anticipated performance. Suppliers’ assertions are also assessed and considered in estimating costs and profit rates.

Because of the significance of the judgment and estimation processes described above, it is possible that materially different amounts could be obtained if different assumptions were used or if the underlying circumstances were to change. Changes in underlying assumptions, circumstances or estimates may have a material adverse effect upon the profitability of one or more of the affected contracts, future period financial reporting and performance. Our results of operations may be adversely affected if our assumptions change or if actual circumstances differ from those in our assumptions, which could cause our results of operations to fall below the expectations of securities analysts and investors, resulting in a decline in the trading price of our Class A common stock. Significant judgments, estimates, and assumptions used in preparing our consolidated financial statements include, or may in the future include, those related to revenue recognition, stock-based compensation, common stock valuations, and income taxes.

Future acquisitions may adversely affect our financial condition.

As part of our strategy for growth, in the future we may explore acquisitions or strategic alliances, which ultimately may not be completed or be beneficial to us. The risks associated with pursuing acquisitions include the difficulty of assimilating solutions, operations, and personnel; inheriting liabilities such as intellectual property infringement claims; the failure to realize anticipated revenue and cost projections and expected synergies; and the diversion of management’s time and attention. We may not be successful in overcoming such risks, and any acquisitions and strategic alliance may negatively impact our business. In addition, such acquisitions and investments may in the future contribute to fluctuations in our quarterly financial results. These fluctuations could arise from transaction-related costs and charges associated with eliminating redundant expenses or write-offs of impaired assets recorded in connection with acquisitions and investments. These costs or charges could negatively impact our financial results for a given period, cause quarter-to-quarter variability in our financial results, or negatively impact our financial results for future periods.

We are exposed to risks related to geopolitical and economic factors, laws and regulations and our international business subjects us to numerous political and economic factors, legal requirements, cross-cultural considerations and other risks associated with doing business globally.

Our operations and performance depend significantly on global macroeconomic, specific foreign country and U.S. domestic economic conditions. Adverse conditions in the macroeconomic environment, such as the ongoing geopolitical tensions related to Russia’s actions in Ukraine, resulting sanctions imposed by the United States and other countries, and retaliatory actions taken by Russia in response to such sanctions, may result in a decreased demand for our products and services, constrained credit and liquidity, reduced government spending and volatility in equity and foreign exchange markets. In addition, to the extent the global economy experiences a significant downturn or volatility, we may be exposed to impairments of certain assets if their values deteriorate. Tighter credit due to economic conditions may diminish our future borrowing ability and increase borrowing costs under our existing credit facilities. Customers’ ability to pay for our products and services may also be impaired, which could lead to an increase in our allowance for doubtful accounts and write-offs of accounts receivable.

If any of the foreign economies in which we do business deteriorates or suffers a period of uncertainty, our business and performance may be negatively impacted through reduced customer and government spending, changes in purchasing cycles or timing, reduced access to credit for our customers, or other factors impacting our international sales and collections. Furthermore, customer spending levels in any foreign jurisdiction may be adversely impacted by changes in domestic policies, including tax and trade policies. The services we provide internationally are sometimes in countries with unstable governments, economic or fiscal challenges, military or political conflicts and/or developing legal systems. This may increase the risk to our employees, subcontractors or other third parties, and/or increase the risk of a wide range of liabilities, as well as loss of property.


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We cannot predict the timing, strength, or duration of any crisis, economic slowdown or any subsequent recovery generally, or for any industry in particular. Although certain aspects of the effects of a crisis or an economic slowdown may provide potential new opportunities for our business, we cannot guarantee that the net impact of any such events will not be materially negative. Accordingly, if the conditions in the general economy and the markets in which we operate worsen from present levels, our business, financial condition, and results of operations could be adversely affected.

We have broad discretion in the use of our assets and may not use them effectively.

We cannot specify with certainty the particular uses of our assets, including cash that we received from our merger. Our management will have broad discretion in the use of our assets. Our management may spend a portion or all of BlackSky's cash or utilize BlackSky's assets in ways that our stockholders may not agree or that may not yield a favorable return. The failure by our management to apply these funds effectively could harm our business operatingfinancial condition, results of operations and financial condition.

Notwithstanding the foregoing,prospects. Pending their use, we may invest our amended and restated certificate of incorporation providescash in a manner that the exclusive forum provision willdoes not apply to suits brought to enforce a dutyproduce income or liability created by the Exchange Act or any other claim for which the federal courts have exclusive jurisdiction. Section 27 of the Exchange Act creates exclusive federal jurisdiction over all suits brought to enforce any duty or liability created by the Exchange Act or the rules and regulations thereunder.

that loses value.

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Item 1B.

UNRESOLVED STAFF COMMENTS.

ITEM 1B. UNRESOLVED STAFF COMMENTS
None.

Item 2.

PROPERTIES.


ITEM 2. PROPERTIES
We do not own any real estate or other physical properties. We currently maintain our executive offices at 1845 Walnut Street, Suite 1111, Philadelphia, PA 19103. The costlease approximately 23,728 square feet of office space in Herndon, Virginia for our useU.S. administrative headquarters. The building also houses the majority of this space is included inour sales and marketing support staff and other administrative personnel. The lease for the $10,000 per month fee we pay to our sponsor or its affiliate forbuilding expires on August 31, 2024.

We also lease approximately 37,472 square feet of office space utilities, secretarial supportin Seattle, Washington. The space serves as the primary satellite operations center and administrative services. We consider our currenta secondary office space adequate for our current operations.

employees. The lease for the building expires in March 2023. As a result, we entered into a subsequent lease for approximately 14,503 square feet in Seattle, Washington.

Item 3.

LEGAL PROCEEDINGS.

To

ITEM 3. LEGAL PROCEEDINGS
From time to time, we may be involved in claims and proceedings arising in the knowledgeordinary course of our management, therebusiness. The outcome of any such claims or proceedings, regardless of the merits, is no material litigation, arbitration or governmental proceeding currently pending against us or any membersinherently uncertain.
For a discussion of our management teamlegal proceedings in their capacity as such.

which we are involved, see Note 24 to the financial statements and supplementary data included in Part 2, Item 8 of this Annual Report on Form 10-K.

Item 4.

MINE SAFETY DISCLOSURES.

ITEM 4. MINE SAFETY DISCLOSURES

Not applicable.



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PART II

Item 5.

MARKET FOR REGISTRANT’S COMMON EQUITY, RELATED STOCKHOLDER MATTERS AND ISSUER PURCHASES OF EQUITY SECURITIES.

ITEM 5. MARKET FOR REGISTRANTS COMMON EQUITY, RELATED STOCKHOLDER MATTERS AND ISSUER PURCHASES OF EQUITY SECURITIES

Market Information


Our units commenced public tradingClass A common stock is listed on November 1, 2019,the NYSE under the symbol “BKSY” and our Public Warrants are traded on the NYSE under the symbol “BKSY.W.” Prior to the consummation of the Business Combination, our Class A common stock and warrants commenced separate tradingour Public Warrants were listed on December 20, 2019. Ourthe NYSE under the symbols “SFTW” and “SFTW.WS,” respectively.

Holders of Common Stock

As of March 1, 2023, there were approximately 679 holders of record of our Class A common stock. Because many of the shares of Class A common stock warrants and units are each listed on the New York Stock Exchange under the symbols SFTW, SFTW.WS and SFTW.U, respectively.

Holders

On March 6, 2020, the numbers of record holders of the Company’s Class A common stock, units and warrants were 1, 1 and 2, respectively, not including beneficial holders whose securities are held in street name.

Dividends

by brokers and other institutions on behalf of stockholders, we are unable to estimate the total number of beneficial owners represented by these record holders.


Dividend Policy

We have not paid any cash dividends on our Class A common stock to datedate. We may retain future earnings, if any, for future operations, expansion and do not intenddebt repayment and we have no current plans to pay cash dividends prior tofor the completion of an initial business combination.foreseeable future. The payment of cash dividends in the future will depend upon our revenues and earnings, if any,results of operations, capital requirements and general financial condition, subsequent to completion of an initial business combination, and will be at the discretion of our board of directors at such time. In addition, our board of directors is not currently contemplating and does not anticipate declaring any stock dividends in the foreseeable future. Further, if we incur any indebtedness in connection with a business combination, our ability to declarepay dividends may be limited by restrictive covenants of any future outstanding indebtedness we may agree to in connection therewith.

or our subsidiaries incur.

Securities Authorized for Issuance Under Equity Compensation Plans

None.

Recent

Unregistered Sales of Unregistered Securities

In June 2018, the sponsor purchased 125,000 shares of our Class B common stock for an aggregate price of $25,000. In September 2018, we effectuateda 69-for-1 forward stock split of our Class B common stock, resulting in an aggregate of 8,625,000 founder shares outstanding, of which an aggregate of up to 1,125,000 shares were subject to forfeiture to the extent the underwriters’ over-allotment option was not exercised in full or in part. As adjusted for the 1.1 for 1 stock dividend in October 2019 (see below), such amounts totaled 9,487,500 founder shares outstanding, of which 1,237,500 shares were subject to forfeiture. In April 2019, the sponsor contributed back to us, for no consideration, 1,581,250 founder shares (as adjusted for the 1.1 for 1 stock dividend in October 2019) founder shares, resulting in an aggregate of 7,187,500 founder shares outstanding, of which an aggregate of up to 937,500 shares were subject to forfeiture. In October 2019, we effected a 1.1 for 1 stock dividend for each share of Class B common stock outstanding, resulting in an aggregate of 7,906,250 founder shares outstanding. The foregoing issuance was made pursuant to the exemption from registration contained in Section 4(a)(2) of the Securities Act.

On November 5, 2019, we consummated the initial public offering of 27,500,000 units, at $10.00 per Unit, generating gross proceeds of $275,000,000. The securities issued in the initial public offering were registered under the Securities Act on registration statements onForm S-1 (No. 333-234180 and 333-234418). TheEquity Securities and Exchange Commission declared the registration statements effective on October 31, 2019.

Simultaneously with the closingUse of the initial public offering, we consummated the sale of 7,500,000 warrants at a price of $1.00 per private placement warrant in a private placement to the sponsor, generating gross proceeds of $7,500,000. The issuance was made pursuant to the exemption from registration contained in Section 4(a)(2) of the Securities Act.

The private placement warrants are identical to the warrants underlying the units sold in the initial public offering, except that the private placement warrants are not transferable, assignable or salable until after the completion of a business combination, subject to certain limited exceptions.

On November 13, 2019, we consummated the sale of an additional 4,125,000 units to the underwriters, at $10.00 per unit, and the sale of an additional 825,000 private placement warrants to the sponsor, at $1.00 per private placement warrant, generating total gross proceeds of $42,075,000, as a result of the underwriters exercising the over-allotment option in full.

Of the gross proceeds received from the initial public offering, the exercise of the over-allotment in full and the private placement warrants, $316,250,000 was placed in the Trust Account.

We paid a total of $6,325,000 in underwriting discounts and commissions and $654,126 for other costs and expenses related to the initial public offering. In addition, the underwriters agreed to defer $11,068,750 in underwriting discounts and commissions.

Proceeds


None.

Purchases of Equity Securities by the Issuer and Affiliated Purchasers


None.

Item 6.

SELECTED FINANCIAL DATA

Not required for smaller reporting companies.


ITEM 6. [RESERVED]


Item 7.

MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS.

Special Note Regarding Forward-Looking Statements

All statements other than statements of historical fact included in this annual report including, without limitation, statements under “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations” regarding the Company’s financial position, business strategy and the plans and objectives of management for future operations, are forward-looking statements. When used in this annual report, words such as “anticipate,” “believe,” “estimate,” “expect,” “intend” and similar expressions, as they relate to us or the Company’s management, identify forward-looking statements. Such forward-looking statements are based on the beliefs of management, as well as assumptions made by, and information currently available to, the Company’s management. Actual results could differ materially from those contemplated by the forward-looking statements as a result of certain factors detailed in our filings with the SEC.

ITEM 7. MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS

The following discussion and analysis of our financial condition and results of operations should be read in conjunction with theour consolidated financial statements and therelated notes thereto containedappearing elsewhere in this annual report. Certain information containedAnnual Report on Form 10-K. As discussed in the section titled “Special Note Regarding Forward Looking Statements,” the following discussion and analysis set forth below includes forward-lookingcontains forward looking statements that involve risks and uncertainties.

Overview

Weuncertainties, as well as assumptions that, if they never materialize or prove incorrect, could cause our results to differ materially from those expressed or implied by such forward-looking statements. Factors that could cause or contribute to these differences include, but are a blank check company formednot limited to, those discussed in the section titled “Risk Factors” under Part I, Item IA in this Annual Report on Form 10-K. Unless the lawscontext otherwise requires, references in this “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations” to “BlackSky”, “the Company”, “we”, “us” and “our” refer to the business and operations of Legacy BlackSky and its consolidated subsidiaries prior to the Merger and to BlackSky Technology Inc. and its consolidated subsidiaries, following the closing of the StateMerger.


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General Overview
On September 9, 2021, Osprey consummated the Merger with Legacy BlackSky. Immediately following the Merger, Osprey changed its name to “BlackSky Technology Inc.” Legacy BlackSky survived the Merger and is now a wholly owned subsidiary of Delaware on June 15, 2018, forBlackSky Technology Inc. As a special purpose acquisition company, Osprey had no pre-Merger operations other than to identify and consummate a merger. Therefore, BlackSky’s operations post-Merger are attributable to those of Legacy BlackSky and its subsidiaries, and references to “BlackSky” or the purpose of effecting a merger, capital stock exchange, asset acquisition, stock purchase, reorganization“Company” should be read to include BlackSky’s wholly owned subsidiaries. References in this report to Company actions, assets/liabilities, or other similar business combination withcontracts may be references to actions taken, assets/liabilities held, or contracts entered into by one or more businesses. We intend to effectuate our business combination using cash fromCompany current subsidiaries; however, the proceedsCompany has distinguished between the actions taken by Legacy BlackSky or Osprey for certain time based, historical transactions.
The Company’s results of operations and statements of assets and liabilities may not be comparable between periods as a result of the initial public offeringMerger.

Company Overview
We own and operate one of the industry's leading high-performance low earth orbit (“LEO”) small satellite constellations. Our constellation is optimized to cost-efficiently capture imagery at high revisit rates where and when our customers need it. The orbital configuration of our constellation is designed to collect data on the most critical and strategic locations in the world. With fourteen satellites in orbit as of December 31, 2022, our constellation is able to image certain locations every 60 to 90 minutes, from dawn to dusk, providing our customers with insights and situational awareness throughout the day. Our satellites are designed with agile pointing capabilities that enable our customers to task our constellation on demand to collect specific locations of interest. Our tasking methodology employs proprietary artificial intelligence (“AI”)-enabled software to efficiently collect images of the most important strategic and economic assets and areas of interest to our customers. We believe that our focus on critical strategies and economic infrastructure and the saleAI-enabled tasking of our constellation differentiates us from our competitors, who are dedicated primarily to mapping the entirety of the private placement warrants,Earth on a routine basis and who, therefore, require up to hundreds of satellites or incrementally more expensive satellites to support their mission. Our differentiated approach to space enables us to deliver highly targeted and valuable intelligence with a smaller constellation fleet that has the added benefit of greater operating and capital efficiencies.
Our Spectra AI software platform can, among other things, process millions of observations a day from our capital stock, debtproprietary satellite constellation and from multiple external data sources including imaging, radar and radio frequency satellites, environmental sensors, asset tracking sensors, Internet-of-Things (“IoT”) connected devices, internet-enabled narrative sources, and a variety of geotemporal data feeds. Spectra AI employs advanced, proprietary AI and machine learning (“ML”) techniques to process, analyze, and transform these data feeds into alerts, information, and insights that our customers receive, all fully automated. Customers can access Spectra AI's data and analytics through easy-to-use web services or through platform application programming interfaces.
Our next generation satellites (“Gen-3”), expected to launch in 2024, are designed to improve our imaging resolution even further and include short wave infrared imaging technology for a broad set of imaging conditions, including nighttime and low-light. We believe these advancements will expand the relevance and certainty of our analytics to continue to ensure our importance to our customers. We also believe the combination of cash, stockour high-revisit, small satellite constellation, our Spectra AI platform, and debt.

The issuance of additional shareslow constellation cost is transforming the market for geospatial imagery and space-based data and analytics.

Our operating strategy is to continue to enhance the capabilities of our stocksatellite constellation, to increase the number of third-party data sources processed by our Spectra AI platform, and to expand our analytics offerings in order to increase the value we deliver to our customers. Our two strategic assets—our satellite constellation and our Spectra AI platform—are mutually reinforcing: as we capture ever more information about the world’s most important strategic and economic assets and locations, our proprietary database expands and increases its utility; enabling us to better detect, understand, and predict changes that matter most to our customers. Our business has a natural and powerful “flywheel” effect: the more data we collect and analyze, the more valuable the insights we can deliver to our customers.

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Our current customer base and end market mix are weighted towards U.S. and international defense and intelligence customers and markets. We believe there are significant opportunities to expand our imagery and software analytical services, as well as our professional and engineering service offerings, to a broad set of customers both domestically and internationally. In addition, our services and products can benefit customers in a variety of commercial markets including, but not limited to, energy and utilities, insurance, commodities, mining, manufacturing, logistics, supply chain management, agriculture, environmental monitoring, disaster and risk management, engineering and construction, retail and consumer behavior.
We offer a variety of pricing and utilization options for our imagery and software analytical service offerings, with the majority of our agreements structured as subscription contracts, followed by usage-based pricing and transactional licenses. These options provide customers flexibility to utilize our imagery and software analytical services in a manner that best suits their business combination:

may significantly diluteneeds. We offer a range of pricing tiers that enables the equity interestcustomer to manage collection priorities, when during critical events they can pay a premium to prioritize their monitoring and collection requirements. At other times, customers can select lower priority collections to allow for more economical utilization. We currently derive revenue from variable and fixed pricing plans that allow our customers to choose what matters most to them—platform licensing-levels, priority for imagery tasking, and whether to apply analytics or monitoring capabilities overtop the imaging service.

Merger with Osprey Technology Acquisition Corp
Upon the consummation of investors;

may subordinate the rights of holders of common stock if preferred stock is issued with rights senior to those afforded our common stock;

could causeMerger, a change of control if a substantial number of parties purchased an aggregate of 18.0 million shares of our Class A common stock are issued, which may affect, among other things, our ability(the “PIPE Shares”), for a purchase price of $10.00 per share, or an aggregate purchase price of $180.0 million, pursuant to use our net operating loss carry forwards, if any, and could result in the resignation or removala separate subscription agreement.


78,993,201 shares of our present officers and directors; and

may adversely affect prevailing market prices for our units,Osprey common stock and/were issued for all of the issued and outstanding equity interests of Legacy BlackSky, inclusive of shares of Osprey’s common stock issued in exchange for both Legacy BlackSky’s issued and outstanding preferred stock and issued and outstanding convertible notes, (inclusive of interest accrued thereon), as if each had converted into Legacy BlackSky common stock immediately prior to the Merger.

The Merger was accounted for as a Reverse Recapitalization in accordance with GAAP. Under this method of accounting, Osprey is treated as the acquired company for financial reporting purposes, and Legacy BlackSky is treated as the accounting acquiror. In accordance with this accounting, the Merger is treated as the equivalent of Legacy BlackSky issuing stock for Osprey’s net assets, accompanied by a recapitalization. Osprey’s net assets are stated at historical cost, with no goodwill or warrants.

Similarly, if we issue debt securities or otherwise incur significant indebtedness, it could result in:

defaultother intangible assets recorded, and foreclosurethe Legacy BlackSky operations will be those of BlackSky. Legacy BlackSky was considered the acquirer based on our assets if ourthe facts and circumstances, including the following factors evaluated at the time of the Merger:

Legacy BlackSky’s former stockholders held a majority ownership interest in BlackSky;
Legacy BlackSky’s senior management team comprise senior management of BlackSky;
Legacy BlackSky was able to designate all but one director to BlackSky’s initial board;
Legacy BlackSky was the larger of the companies based on historical operating revenues afteractivity and employee base; and
Legacy BlackSky’s operations comprise the ongoing operations of BlackSky.
We received approximately $283.0 million in gross proceeds upon consummation of the Merger, comprised of approximately $103.0 million in cash held in trust by Osprey and the proceeds of a business combination are insufficient to pay our debt obligations;

acceleration$180.0 million sale of our obligations to repay the indebtedness even if we have made all principal and interest payments when due if the debt security contains covenants that required the maintenance of certain financial ratios or reservesPIPE Shares. Transaction expenses paid on closing totaled approximately $39.9 million and we breach any such covenant without a waiver or renegotiationpaid post-closing transaction expenses of that covenant;

our immediate payment of all principal$6.3 million. Additionally, we repaid approximately $21.4 million in debt and accrued interest if any, ifand $6.1 million in other close-related expenses. On September 13, 2021, we raised an additional $8.0 million through a direct sale of Class A common stock to Palantir Technologies at $10.00 per share. Net cash proceeds from the Merger, the PIPE Shares, and the Palantir financing, less transaction costs, debt securityrepayments, accrued interest and other closing payments, totaled approximately $223.6 million.



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As a public company, we are required to comply with Securities and Exchange Commission rules and regulations and New York Stock Exchange listing requirements.

Components of Operating Results
Revenue
Our revenue is payablegenerated by selling imagery and software analytics services through our Spectra AI platform and by providing professional and engineering services to strategic customers on demand;

a project basis.

Imagery and Software Analytical Services Revenue

Imagery: We offer our inabilitycustomers high-revisit, on-demand high resolution electro optical satellite imaging services. Through our Spectra AI platform, customers can directly task our proprietary satellite constellation to obtain additional financing, if necessary, if the debt security contains covenants restricting our abilitycollect and deliver imagery over specific locations, sites, and regions that are critical to obtain additional financing while such security is outstanding;

our inability to pay dividends on our common stock;

usingtheir operations. We offer customers several service level options that include basic plans for on-demand tasking or multi-year assured access programs, where customers can secure priority access and imaging capacity at a substantial portionpremium over a region of our cash flow to pay principal and interest on a take or pay basis.

Data, Software, and Analytics: Our analytics services are also offered on a subscription basis and provide customers with access to our debt,site monitoring, event monitoring and global data services. We leverage our proprietary AI and ML algorithms to analyze data coming from both our proprietary sensor network and third-party space sources in real-time to provide data, insights, and analytics for our customers. We provide services related to object, change and anomaly detection, site monitoring, and enhanced analytics through which will reduce the funds available for dividends on our common stock if declared, our ability to pay expenses, make capital expenditures and acquisitions, and fund other general corporate purposes;

limitations on our flexibility in planning for and reacting towe can detect key pattern of life changes in our businesscritical locations. These critical locations can include strategic locations and infrastructure such as ports, airports, and construction sites; retail activity; commodities stockpiles; and other sites that contain critical commodities and supply chain inventory.

We expect continued imagery and software analytical services revenue growth in the industry in which we operate;

increased vulnerability to adverse changes in general economic, industry and competitive conditions and adverse changes in government regulation;

limitations on our ability to borrow additional amounts for expenses, capital expenditures, acquisitions, debt service requirements, and execution of our strategy; and

other disadvantagesyear ending December 31, 2023, as compared to our competitors who have less debt.

Results of Operations

We have neither engaged in any operations nor generated any revenues to date. Our only activities from June 15, 2018 (inception) through December 31, 2019 were organizational activities, those necessary to prepare for the initial public offering, described below, and identifying a target company for a business combination. We do not expect to generate any operating revenues until after the completion of our business combination. We generatenon-operating income in the form of interest income on marketable securities held after the initial public offering. We incur expensesprior year, as a result of beingincreases in our sales orders driven by stronger customer demand.

Professional and Engineering Services Revenue—We develop and deliver advanced launch vehicle, satellite and payload systems for specific strategic customers that desire to leverage our capabilities in mission systems engineering and operations, ground station operations, software, analytics and systems development. These systems are sold to government customers under fixed price contracts and are often bundled with our imagery services offerings. In certain cases, we retain rights to intellectual property for developed technology of certain systems, and this paid effort offsets some of our product development effort.
We also provide technology enabled professional service solutions to support customer-specific feature request and to support the integration, testing, and training of our imagery and software analytical services into the customers organizational processes and workflows. We also provide software systems engineering development services to support the integration of high volume and mass quantities of data in their operating platforms. We expect continued meaningful contribution from our professional and engineering services revenue.
Costs and Expenses
Our costs and expenses are incurred from the following categories:
Imagery and software analytical services costs primarily include internal aerospace and geospatial software development labor, third-party data and imagery, internal labor to support the ground stations and space operations, and cloud computing and hosting services. Costs are expensed as incurred except for incremental costs to obtain a contract, primarily sales commissions, which are capitalized and amortized to selling, general, and administrative expenses on a systematic basis consistent with the transfer of goods and services. Expense related to stock-based payments is classified in the consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive loss based upon the classification of each employees’ cash compensation. We recognize

59


stock-based compensation expense for those employees whose work supports the imagery and software analytical service costs we provide to customers, under imagery and software analytical service costs, excluding depreciation and amortization.
Professional and engineering service costs primarily include the cost of internal labor for design and engineering in support of long-term development contracts for launch vehicle, satellite, and payload systems as well as subcontract direct materials and external labor costs to build and test specific components, such as the communications system, payload demands, and sensor integration. In addition, we also recognize internal labor costs and external subcontract labor costs for our customer-centric software service solutions. We recognize stock-based compensation expense for those employees who provide professional and engineering services support to customers, under professional and engineering service costs, excluding depreciation and amortization.
Operating Expenses
Our operating expenses are incurred from the following categories:
Selling, general, and administrative expense consists of salaries and benefit costs, development costs, professional fees, and other expenses which includes other personnel-related costs, stock-based compensation expenses for those employees who generally support our business and operations, and occupancy costs. Our development costs include internal labor costs to develop critical real-time software and geospatial analytic solutions and solution enhancements, including mapping, analysis, site target monitoring, and news feeds.
Research and development expense consists of employees’ salaries, taxes, and benefits costs incurred for data science modeling and algorithm development related to our Spectra AI platform, and for the strategic development efforts to support our long-term strategy. In addition, we employ and classify third-party vendors who fulfill our strategic projects as research and development expense. We intend to continue to invest appropriate resources in research and development efforts, as we believe that investment is critical to maintaining our competitive position.
Depreciation expense is related to property and equipment which mainly consists of operational satellites. Amortization expense is related to intangible assets which mainly consists of customer relationships.
Results of Operations for the Years Ended December 31, 2022 and 2021
Effective January 1, 2022, the Company reorganized its captions on the consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive loss to better align the Company’s broad portfolio. As a result, for the year ended December 31, 2021, the amounts presented to reflect the impact of the reorganization have been recasted. This resulted in a $9.7 million reclassification between imagery & software analytical services revenue and professional & engineering services revenue and an $8.5 million reclassification between imagery & software analytical service costs, excluding depreciation and amortization and professional & engineering service costs, excluding depreciation and amortization in the Company's consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive loss. Period to period

60


comparisons are not necessarily indicative of future results. The following table provides the components of results of operations for the years ended December 31, 2022 and 2021:
Years Ended December 31,$%
20222021ChangeChange
(dollars in thousands)
Revenue
Imagery & software analytical services$47,415 $15,365 $32,050 208.6 %
Professional & engineering services17,935 18,720 (785)(4.2)%
Total revenue65,350 34,085 31,265 91.7 %
Costs and expenses
Imagery & software analytical service costs, excluding depreciation and amortization14,462 13,013 1,449 11.1 %
Professional & engineering service costs, excluding depreciation and amortization21,365 21,735 (370)(1.7)%
Selling, general and administrative79,672 86,655 (6,983)(8.1)%
Research and development739 112 627 559.8 %
Depreciation and amortization35,661 14,306 21,355 149.3 %
Satellite impairment loss— 18,407 (18,407)NM
Operating loss(86,549)(120,143)33,594 28.0 %
Gain on debt extinguishment— 4,059 (4,059)NM
Gain on derivatives11,812 23,885 (12,073)(50.5)%
Income on equity method investment2,087 1,027 1,060 103.2 %
Interest income1,116 — 1,116 NM
Interest expense(5,426)(5,165)(261)(5.1)%
Other income (expense), net2,081 (147,656)149,737 101.4 %
Loss before income taxes(74,879)(243,993)169,114 69.3 %
Income tax (expense) benefit— — — — %
Loss from continuing operations(74,879)(243,993)169,114 69.3 %
Discontinued operations:
Gain (loss) from discontinued operations, net of income taxes707 (1,650)2,357 142.8 %
Income tax (expense) benefit— — — — %
Gain (loss) from discontinued operations, net of income taxes707 (1,650)2,357 142.8 %
Net loss$(74,172)$(245,643)$171,471 69.8 %
NM – Fluctuation in terms of percentage change is not meaningful.


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Revenue
Years Ended December 31,$%
20222021ChangeChange
(dollars in thousands)
Imagery & software analytical revenue$47,415$15,365$32,050 208.6 %
% of total revenue72.6 %45.1 %
Professional & engineering services revenue17,93518,720(785)(4.2)%
% of total revenue27.4 %54.9 %
Total revenue$65,350$34,085$31,26591.7 %

Imagery and Software Analytical Services Revenue
Imagery and software analytical services revenue significantly increased for the year ended December 31, 2022, as compared to the same period in 2021, driven by increased imagery and analytics orders from existing customers and several firm-fixed price subscription contracts with new domestic and international customers. In May 2022, we were awarded a subscription contract to deliver advanced high frequency imagery services with an initial contract value of $85.8 million, over a five-year base period, with future year options that, if exercised in full, would increase the contract value to over $1.0 billion and increase the contract term up to ten years. This contract is expected to have a material impact to future revenue. In addition, we were awarded a multi-million dollar contract to provide on-demand satellite imagery and analytics for an international government, which significantly contributed to the increased revenue in the year ended December 31, 2022 compared to the same period in 2021. In addition, analytics revenue also increased primarily from the fulfillment of recently awarded firm-fixed price delivery orders for economic activity monitoring. Expansion of our constellation after placing seven satellites into orbit in 2021 and the growing capabilities of our constellation also contributed to meeting increased customer demand for imagery and analytics orders.
Professional and Engineering Services Revenue
Professional and engineering services revenue decreased slightly for the year ended December 31, 2022, as compared to the same period in 2021, primarily due to fewer active contracts in 2022, partially offset by increases in the percentage completion of two engineering services contracts, driven by achievement of critical design milestones and delivery of major components of the contract requirements.

Costs and Expenses
Years Ended December 31,$%
20222021ChangeChange
(dollars in thousands)
Imagery & software analytical service costs, excluding depreciation and amortization$14,462 $13,013 $1,449 11.1 %
Professional & engineering service costs, excluding depreciation and amortization21,365 21,735 (370)(1.7)%
Total costs$35,827$34,748$1,0793.1 %


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Imagery and Software Analytical Service Costs
Imagery and software analytical service costs increased for the year ended December 31, 2022, as compared to the same period in 2021, primarily due to increased data sourced from different sensors such as synthetic aperture radar, third-party service costs such as increased hosting costs due to increased data volumes and maintaining the growth of our satellite and ground stations networks, and third-party subcontractor costs to meet specific needs of new customer programs partially offset by lower stock-based compensation expense. We recorded $0.6 million of stock-based compensation expense during the year ended December 31, 2022 as compared to $1.8 million for the year ended December 31, 2021 primarily related to vesting of restricted stock units (“RSUs”) triggered by the completion of the Merger.
Professional and Engineering Service Costs
Professional and engineering service costs decreased slightly for the year ended December 31, 2022 as compared to the same period in 2021, primarily due to fewer active contracts in 2022, partially offset by an increase of $1.3 million in the estimate to complete on two contracts in 2022 as compared to the prior year. The estimation of total estimated costs to complete on long-term projects are subject to many variables and requires judgment and we may have future changes in estimates, which may have an impact on professional and engineering service costs and associated revenues.
Selling, General, and Administrative
Years Ended December 31,$%
20222021ChangeChange
(dollars in thousands)
Stock-based compensation expense$18,131 $38,450 $(20,319)(52.8)%
Salaries and benefit costs36,517 27,323 9,194 33.6 %
Development costs826 1,419 (593)(41.8)%
Professional fees5,082 6,061 (979)(16.2)%
Information technology, recruiting, and other administrative expenses6,290 5,823 467 8.0 %
Selling and marketing5,553 3,817 1,736 45.5 %
Rent expense2,821 1,958 863 44.1 %
Insurance4,452 1,804 2,648 146.8 %
Selling, general and administrative$79,672 $86,655 $(6,983)(8.1)%

Selling, general, and administrative expenses decreased during the year ended December 31, 2022 as compared to the same period in 2021. Stock-based compensation expense decreased approximately $20.3 million related to the cumulative vesting of RSUs triggered by the successful execution of the Merger in the third quarter of 2021. Salaries and payroll-related benefits increased due to headcount growth in sales, software engineers, and administrative functions. In addition, our public company insurance costs increased during the year ended December 31, 2022 as a result of increased time as a public company (for legal, financial reporting, accountingcaused by the Merger in the third quarter of 2021 and auditing compliance)selling and marketing increased due to more advertising, commissions, and trade show expenses.

The following is our forecast for total RSU expense as of December 31, 2022, which, in addition to the amounts recognized in selling, general, and administrative expenses, includes the portion that will be capitalized or classified in imagery and software analytical service costs and professional and engineering service costs:


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(in thousands)
For the years ending December 31,
2023$9,043 
20244,384 
20253,352 
20261,200 
$17,979 
Research and Development
Years Ended December 31,$%
20222021ChangeChange
(dollars in thousands)
Research and development$739 $112 $627 559.8 %


Research and development expense increased for the year ended December 31, 2022 as compared to the same period in 2021. The increase was driven by contracting third-party vendors who fulfill our strategic projects as research and development expense.

Depreciation and Amortization
Years Ended December 31,$%
20222021ChangeChange
(dollars in thousands)
Depreciation of satellites$33,053 $12,493 $20,560 164.6 %
Depreciation of all other property and equipment2,047 455 1,592 349.9 %
Amortization561 1,358 (797)(58.7)%
Depreciation and amortization$35,661 $14,306 $21,355 149.3 %
Depreciation expense from satellites increased for the year ended December 31, 2022 as compared to 2021. The increase was driven by six satellites placed in service in the last quarter of 2021 and two satellites placed in service in the first half of 2022.
Depreciation expense from all other property and equipment increased for the year ended December 31, 2022 as compared to 2021, primarily driven by capitalization of software in 2022 and additional computer equipment that was placed into service.
Amortization expense decreased for the year ended December 31, 2022 as compared to 2021 primarily as a result of in-process research and development from a prior acquisition being fully amortized in 2021.

Satellite Impairment Loss
We recorded a satellite impairment loss for the year ended December 31, 2021 resulting from the loss of two of our satellites, which occurred on May 15, 2021 when a rocket carrying those satellites suffered a failure during flight. This resulted in an impairment loss of $18.4 million, the full carrying value of the satellites, recorded to earnings during the year ended December 31, 2021. The $18.4 million loss included satellite procurement, launch, shipping, launch support, and other associated costs. There were no satellite impairment losses in the year ended December 31, 2022.


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Non-Operating Expenses
Years Ended December 31,$%
20222021ChangeChange
(dollars in thousands)
Gain on debt extinguishment$— $4,059 $(4,059)NM
Gain on derivatives11,812 23,885 (12,073)(50.5)%
Income on equity method investment2,087 1,027 1,060 103.2 %
Interest income1,116 — 1,116 NM
Interest expense(5,426)(5,165)(261)(5.1)%
Other income (expense), net2,081 (147,656)149,737 101.4 %
NM – Fluctuation in terms of percentage change is not meaningful.

Gain on derivatives
Fluctuations in our equity warrants and other equity instruments that we classify as derivative liabilities and measure at fair value are significantly driven by our common stock price; these instruments generated a gain during the year ended December 31, 2022.
During the year ended December 31, 2021, we recorded a gain on derivative liabilities primarily due to the change in our common stock price following the Merger.
Income on equity method investment
The fluctuations in earnings from our equity method investment is directly related to the operating performance of our joint venture LeoStella.
Interest income
Interest income increased during the year ended December 31, 2022 as a result of our short-term investments purchased in 2022.
Interest expense
Interest expense was consistent year over year.
Other income (expense), as well as for due diligence expenses.

net

For the year ended December 31, 2019, we had2022, other income (expense), net incomeprimarily included $2.0 million of $350,893, which consists of interest income on marketable securities held in the trust account of $714,993, offset byproceeds from an unrealized loss on marketable securities held in our trust account of $6,479, operating costs of $264,346 and a provision for income taxes of $93,275.

For the periodearnout payment from June 15, 2018 (inception) through December 31, 2018, we had a net loss of $2,177, which consisted of operating and formation costs.

Liquidity and Capital Resources

On November 5, 2019, we consummated the initial public offering of 27,500,000 units at a price of $10.00 per unit, generating gross proceeds of $275,000,000. Simultaneously with the closing of the initial public offering, we consummated the sale of 7,500,000 private placement warrants to our sponsor at a price of $1.00 per private placement warrant, generating gross proceeds of $7,500,000.

On November 13, 2019, as a result of the underwriters’ election to fully exercise their over-allotment option, we consummated the sale of an additional 4,125,000 units at $10.00 per unit, and the sale of an additional 825,000 private placement warrants, at a price of $1.00 per private placement warrant, generating total gross proceeds of $42,075,000.

Following the initial public offering, the exercise of the over-allotment option in full and the sale of the private placement warrants, a total of $316,250,000 was placed in the trust account. We incurred $18,047,876 in transaction costs, including $6,325,000 of underwriting fees, $11,068,750 of deferred underwriting fees, and $654,126 of other costs in connection with the initial public offering.

Spaceflight, Inc.

For the year ended December 31, 2019,2021, we incurred an initial loss of $99.7 million upon issuances of the Bridge Notes and Bridge Notes Rights Offering executed in the first half of 2021 as the fair value of these notes and the accompanying Legacy BlackSky common shares and Class A common stock warrants that were granted to certain investors was in excess of the proceeds received.
We also incurred $47.7 million in debt issuance costs in 2021 related to the Bridge Notes and the modification of existing debt arrangements. We expensed the debt issuance costs because the Bridge Notes were carried in the consolidated balance sheets at fair value. Upon consummation of the Merger, the Bridge Notes and associated warrant liabilities were converted to equity and extinguished. We do not expect similar charges in future periods.


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Gain (loss) from discontinued operations, net of income taxes
Years Ended December 31,$%
20222021ChangeChange
(dollars in thousands)
Gain (loss) from discontinued operations, net of income taxes$707 $(1,650)$2,357 142.8 %
On June 12, 2020, we completed the sale of 100% of our interests in Spaceflight to M&Y Space for a final purchase price of $31.6 million. During the year ended December 31, 2021, we recorded a liability for a potential working capital adjustment primarily related to target accounts receivable amount in accordance with the sale.

During the year ended December 31, 2022, the Company received an indemnification claim notice regarding certain collection and tax payments related to the Share Purchase Agreement among BlackSky Holdings, Inc., Spaceflight, Inc., and M&Y Space Co., Ltd. The parties agreed to the framework for a global settlement of such indemnification claims, to include a settlement payment by the Company of $1.0 million and a holdback amount of $0.1 million subject to M&Y Space Co.’s ability to collect against certain receivables. As a result, we reduced our existing contingent liability by $707 thousand.

Non-GAAP Financial Measures
In addition to our results determined in accordance with GAAP, management utilizes certain non-GAAP performance measures, Adjusted EBITDA, and free cash flow for purposes of evaluating our ongoing operations and for internal planning and forecasting purposes. Our management and board of directors believe that these non-GAAP operating measures, when reviewed collectively with our GAAP financial information, provide useful supplemental information to investors in assessing our operating performance.
Adjusted EBITDA
Adjusted EBITDA is defined as net income or loss attributable to us before interest income, interest expense, income tax expense or benefit, depreciation and amortization, as well as significant non-cash and/or non-recurring expenses as our management believes these items are not useful in evaluating our core operating performance. These items include, but are not limited to, realized loss on conversion of Bridge Notes, stock-based compensation expense, unrealized (gain) loss on certain warrants/shares classified as derivative liabilities, satellite impairment loss, proceeds from an earnout payment, gain on debt extinguishment, (gain) loss from discontinued operations, net of income taxes, severance, income on equity method investment, transaction-related legal settlements, and transaction costs associated with equity instruments accounted for as derivative liabilities. We have presented Adjusted EBITDA because it is a key measure used by our management and board of directors to understand and evaluate our operating performance, generate future operating plans and make strategic decisions regarding the allocation of capital. In particular, we believe that the exclusion of certain items in calculating Adjusted EBITDA can produce a useful measure for period-to-period comparisons of our business. Accordingly, we believe that Adjusted EBITDA provides useful information in understanding and evaluating our operating results. In addition, we believe that Adjusted EBITDA provides additional information for investors to use in evaluating our ongoing operating results and trends. This non-GAAP measure provides investors with incremental information for the evaluation of our performance after isolation of certain items deemed unrelated to our core business operations.
Adjusted EBITDA is presented as a supplemental measure to our GAAP measures of performance. When evaluating Adjusted EBITDA, you should be aware that we may incur future expenses similar to those excluded when calculating this measure. In addition, our presentation of this measure should not be construed as an inference that our future results will be unaffected by unusual or non-recurring items. Furthermore, our computation of Adjusted EBITDA may not be directly comparable to similarly titled measures computed by other companies, as the nature of the adjustments that other companies may include or exclude when calculating Adjusted EBITDA may differ from the adjustments reflected in our measure. Because of these limitations, Adjusted EBITDA should not be considered in isolation, nor should this measure be viewed as a substitute for the most directly comparable GAAP measure, which is net loss. We compensate for the limitations of non-GAAP measures by relying primarily on our

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GAAP results. You should review the reconciliation of our net loss to Adjusted EBITDA below and not rely on any single financial measure to evaluate our performance.
The table below reconciles our Net loss to Adjusted EBITDA for the years ended December 31, 2022 and 2021:
Years Ended December 31,
20222021
(in thousands)
Net loss$(74,172)$(245,643)
Interest income(1,116)— 
Interest expense5,426 5,165 
Depreciation and amortization35,661 14,306 
Loss on issuance of Bridge Notes, including debt issuance costs expensed for debt carried at fair value— 147,387 
Stock-based compensation expense20,025 42,571 
Gain on derivatives(11,812)(23,885)
Satellite impairment loss— 18,407 
Proceeds from earn-out payment(2,000)— 
(Gain) loss from discontinued operations, net of income taxes(707)1,650 
Severance1,196 — 
Income on equity method investment(2,087)(1,027)
Forgiveness of non-trade receivables106 — 
Contingent legal liability— 399 
Transaction costs associated with derivative liabilities— 291 
Gain on debt extinguishment— (4,059)
Adjusted EBITDA$(29,480)$(44,438)
Free Cash Flow
We define free cash flow as cash flows used in, or provided by, operating activities—continuing operations plus cash flows used in, or provided by, operating activities—discontinued operations less purchase of property and equipment and satellite procurement work in process. We have presented free cash flow because it is used by our management and board of directors as an indicator of the amount of cash we generate or use and to evaluate our ability to satisfy current and future obligations and to fund future business opportunities. Accordingly, we believe that free cash flow provides useful information to investors and others, enhancing the overall understanding of our ability to satisfy our financial obligations and pursue business opportunities, and allowing for greater transparency with respect to a key financial metric used by our management in their financial and operational decision-making.
Free cash flow is not defined by GAAP and should not be considered in isolation of, or as an alternative to, measures prepared in accordance with GAAP. There are a number of limitations related to the use of free cash flow rather than net cash from (used in) operating activities, which is the most directly comparable GAAP equivalent. Some of these limitations are:
free cash flow is not a measure of cash available for discretionary expenditures since we have certain non-discretionary obligations such as debt repayments or capital lease obligations that are not deducted from the measure; and
other companies, including companies in our industry, may calculate free cash flow differently, which reduces its usefulness as a comparative measure.

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The table below reconciles our net cash used in operating activities to free cash flow for the years ended December 31, 2022 and 2021:
Years Ended December 31,
20222021
(in thousands)
Net cash used in operating activities$(44,456)$(53,872)
Purchase of property and equipment(11,677)(1,266)
Satellite procurement work in process(32,385)(62,643)
Free cash flow$(88,518)$(117,781)
Net cash used in investing activities$(81,579)$(63,614)
Net cash (used in) provided by financing activities(5,053)275,017 

Liquidity and Capital Resources
As of December 31, 2022, our existing sources of liquidity included cash and cash equivalents and short-term investments. Our cash and cash equivalents excluding restricted cash totaled $34.2 million and $165.6 million as of December 31, 2022 and December 31, 2021, respectively, and our short-term investments totaled $38.0 million and $0 as of December 31, 2022 and December 31, 2021, respectively. We have incurred losses and generated negative cash flows from operations since our inception in September 2014. As of December 31, 2022, we had an accumulated deficit of $545.1 million.
Our short-term liquidity as of December 31, 2022 was comprised of the following:
(in thousands)
Cash and cash equivalents$34,181 
Restricted cash(1)
2,835 
Short-term investments(2)
37,982 
$74,998 
(1) We expect that $1.0 million of restricted cash will transfer to cash and cash equivalents by June 30, 2023.
(2) Short-term investments are included in cash flows from investing activities in the consolidated statements of cash flows.

We expect cash and cash equivalents and cash generated from operating activities to be sufficient to meet our working capital and capital expenditure needs for the foreseeable future. Our future long-term capital requirements will depend on many factors including our growth rate, the timing and extent of spending to support solution development efforts, the expansion of sales and marketing activities, the ongoing investments in technology infrastructure, the introduction of new and enhanced solutions, and the continuing market acceptance of our solutions.
On March 8, 2023, the Company completed the closing of a private placement where the Company issued 16,403,677 shares of the Company’s Class A common stock (the “Shares”) and warrants to purchase up to an additional 16,403,677 shares of Common Stock.
The purchase price of each Share and associated warrant was $1.79. The aggregate gross proceeds to the Company from the private placement were approximately $29.5 million, before deducting the placement agent fees and other offering expenses payable by the Company. The Company intends to use the net proceeds from the private placement for general corporate purposes, including working capital.
On March 10, 2023, Silicon Valley Bank (“SVB”) was closed by the California Department of Financial Protection and Innovation, which appointed the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation (“FDIC”) as receiver. On March 13, 2023, the FDIC announced that it had transferred all insured and uninsured deposits and substantially all assets of SVB to a newly created, full-service FDIC-operated “bridge bank” called Silicon Valley Bank, N.A., where

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depositors would have full access to their money beginning immediately. We believe that the impact to our operations, vendors and customers is immaterial to our liquidity.
From time to time, we may seek additional equity or debt financing to fund capital expenditures, strategic initiatives or investments and our ongoing operations. We do not have a line of credit or access to immediate funds and we are not subject to any financial or minimum cash metrics. If we decide, or are required, to seek additional financing from outside sources, we may not be able to raise it on terms acceptable to us or at all. If we are unable to raise additional capital when desired, our business, financial condition and results of operations could be adversely affected.

Funding Requirements
While our expenses may continue to exceed our revenues in the near term due to investments we are making in sales, marketing and products to increase our market share, we expect this difference to decline as we progress to becoming operating cash flow positive. We expect to continue to incur capital expenditures as we procure and launch satellites to increase image collection capacity, as well as investing in our Gen-3 satellites and our Spectra AI platform to significantly expand our product capabilities in the future.

Short-term liquidity requirements
As of December 31, 2022, our current assets were approximately $88.5 million, consisting primarily of cash and cash equivalents, restricted cash, short-term investments, trade receivables, prepaid expenses and other current assets, and contract assets.
As of December 31, 2022, our current liabilities were approximately $26.9 million, consisting primarily of accounts payable and accrued liabilities, contract liabilities, and other non-recurring current liabilities. Accordingly, we have sufficient cash and working capital to fund our short-term liquidity requirements.

Long-Term Liquidity Requirements
We anticipate that our most significant long-term liquidity and capital needs will relate to continued funding of operations, satellite development capital expenditures, launch capital expenditures, and ongoing investments in our Spectra AI platform and internal infrastructure that will enable us to scale the business efficiently and securely. We can manage the timing for a large part of our capital expenditures, including the design, build, and launch of our new satellites currently under development, to provide us with additional flexibility to optimize our long-term liquidity requirements. Macroeconomic conditions and credit markets could also impact the availability and, or, the cost of potential future debt or equity financing.

Cash Flow Analysis
The following table provides a summary of cash flow data for the years ended December 31, 2022 and 2021:
Years Ended December 31,$
20222021Change
(in thousands)
Net cash used in operating activities$(44,456)$(53,872)$9,416 
Net cash used in investing activities(1)
(81,579)(63,614)(17,965)
Net cash (used in) provided by financing activities(5,053)275,017 (280,070)
Net (decrease) increase in cash, cash equivalents, and restricted cash(131,088)157,531 (288,619)
Cash, cash equivalents, and restricted cash – beginning of year168,104 10,573 157,531 
Cash, cash equivalents, and restricted cash – end of period(2)
$37,016 $168,104 $(131,088)
(1) Includes purchase of $50.3 million of short-term investments not categorized as cash
(2) $38.0 million of short-term investments are not classified as cash, cash equivalents, or restricted cash. Our short-term liquidity at December 31, 2022 was $75.0 million

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Operating activities
For the year ended December 31, 2022, net cash used in operating activities was $286,574. Net income of $350,893approximately $44.5 million. The contributor to the decrease in cash used during the year ended December 31, 2022 was affected by interest earned on marketable securities heldthe decrease in the trust account of $714,993,operating loss, adjusted for depreciation, amortization, stock-based compensation expense, and other non-cash items in the year ended December 31, 2022 as compared to the year ended December 31, 2021. The operating loss decrease in the year ended December 31, 2022 was primarily due to increased imagery and analytics revenue. This was partially offset by an unrealized loss on marketable securities heldincrease in our trust accountunbilled contract assets.

Investing activities
We continue to have significant cash outflows for satellite procurement and launch related services. Cash paid for the procurement of $6,479satellites and a deferred income tax benefitother launch-related costs decreased in the year ended December 31, 2022 as compared to 2021. Satellite capital expenditures decreased year over year by optimizing cash spend to meet our short and long-term operational needs. In addition, we purchased $50.3 million of $1,361. Changesshort-term investments in operating assetscorporate debt and liabilities provided $72,408governmental securities, which was partially offset by $13.0 million of proceeds from the investments.

We also continue to incur labor costs for internally developed capitalized software as we add innovative new services and tools to our Spectra AI platform.

Financing activities
The most significant impact in the change in cash flows from operating activities.

financing activities in the year ended December 31, 2022 as compared to the year ended December 31, 2021 was related to the $244.9 million proceeds from the Merger, or recapitalization transaction, net of equity issuance costs, and the $58.6 million loan proceeds from the Bridge Notes, both of which occurred in the prior year.



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Contractual Obligations and Commitments
As of December 31, 2019,2022, we had marketable securities heldhave a debt facility from related parties with an outstanding principal amount of $77.1 million and $1.2 million of accrued interest, which matures in October 2024. Please see Note 22 for further information on this facility. We have operational commitments for the trust accountnext several years related to office leases and remote ground station service arrangements of $316,958,514 (including approximately $709,000 of interest income, net of unrealized losses) consisting of U.S. treasury bills$6.3 million and $1.5 million, respectively. Please see Note 24 for further information.
We have commitments for launch and integration services with a maturity of 185 days or less. Interest income on the balance in the trust account may be used by us to pay taxes. Through December 31, 2019, we did not withdraw any interest earned on the trust account to pay for our income tax obligations.

We intend to use substantially all of the funds held in the trust account, including any amounts representing interest earned on the trust account (less income taxes payable), to complete our business combination. To the extent that our capital stock or debt is used, in whole or in part, as consideration to complete our business combination, the remaining proceeds held in the trust account will be used as working capital to finance the operations of the target business or businesses, make other acquisitions and pursue our growth strategies.

launch services provider. As of December 31, 2019,2022, we had cashhave a commitment for one launch to include up to two satellites totaling an amount of $1,083,611 held outside$1.7 million with options for additional launches. The terms of the trust account. We intendarrangement also allow for us to usere-manifest the funds held outside the trust account primarily to identify and evaluate target businesses, perform business due diligence on prospective target businesses, travel to and from the offices, plantssatellites if there are delays in excess of 365 days or similar locations of prospective target businesses or their representatives or owners, review corporate documents and material agreements of prospective target businesses, and structure, negotiate and complete a business combination.

In order to fund working capital deficiencies or finance transaction costs in connection with a business combination, the sponsor, an affiliate of the sponsor, or our officers and directors may, but are not obligated to, loan us funds as may be required. If we complete a business combination, we would repay such loaned amounts. In the event that a business combination does not close, we may use a portion of the working capital held outside the trust account to repay such loaned amounts but no proceeds from our trust account would be used for such repayment. Up to $1,500,000 of such loans may be convertible into warrants identical to the private placement warrants, at a price of $1.00 per warrant at the option of the lender.

We do not believe we will need to raise additional funds in order to meet the expenditures required for operating our business. However, if our estimate of the costs of identifying a target business, undertakingin-depth due diligence and negotiating a business combination are less than the actual amount necessary to do so, we may have insufficient funds available to operate our business prior to our business combination. Moreover, we may need to obtain additional financing either to complete our business combination or because we become obligated to redeem a significant number of our public shares upon consummation of our business combination, in which case we may issue additional securities or incur debt in connection with such business combination. Subject to compliance with applicable securities laws, we would only complete such financing simultaneouslyother inexcusable delays occur with the completionprovider. If re-manifest efforts fail, we can request a refund of our business combination. If weall recoverable costs after 487 days from original launch date. The launch service provider invoices are unable to complete our business combination because we do not have sufficient funds available to us, we will be forced to cease operations and liquidate the trust account.based on time-based milestone payments from estimated launch dates. Payment terms are 15 days from invoice date. In addition, following our business combination, if cash on hand is insufficient, we may need to obtain additional financing in order to meet our obligations.

Off-balance sheet financing arrangements

We did not have anyoff-balance sheet arrangementsentered into various other operational commitments for the next several years totaling $9.8 million as of December 31, 2019.

Contractual obligations

We do not have any long-term debt, capital lease obligations, operating lease obligations or long-term liabilities, other than an agreement to pay the sponsor a monthly fee of $10,000 for office space, utilities and secretarial and administrative support. Upon completion of the business combination or our liquidation, we will cease paying these monthly fees.

The underwriters are entitled to a deferred fee of $0.35 per unit, or $11,068,750 in the aggregate. The deferred fee will be forfeited by the underwriters solely in the event that we fail to complete a business combination, subject to the terms of the underwriting agreement.

2022.


Critical Accounting Policies

and Estimates

The preparation of our consolidated financial statements and related disclosures in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of Americanotes requires management to make judgments, estimates, and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets, liabilities, revenue, and liabilities, disclosureexpenses. Management has based its estimates on historical experience and on various other assumptions that are believed to be reasonable under the circumstances, the results of contingentwhich form the basis for making judgments about the carrying values of assets and liabilities that are not readily apparent from other sources. Actual results may differ from these estimates under different assumptions or conditions.
For a description of our significant accounting policies see Note 2—“Basis of Presentation and Summary of Significant Accounting Policies,” of the notes to the consolidated financial statements. An accounting policy is considered to be critical if it requires an accounting estimate to be made based on assumptions about matters that are highly uncertain at the time the estimate is made, and if different estimates that reasonably could have been used, or changes in the accounting estimates that are reasonably likely to occur periodically, could materially impact the consolidated financial statements. Management believes the following critical accounting policies reflect the more significant estimates and assumptions used in the preparation of our consolidated financial statements.

Revenue Recognition
The recognition and measurement of revenue requires the use of judgments and estimates. Specifically, judgment is used in interpreting complex arrangements with nonstandard terms and conditions and determining when all criteria for revenue recognition have been met.
We primarily generate revenue from the sale of imagery, data, software, and analytics, as well as, professional and engineering services.
Identifying the performance obligations contained in a contract, determining transaction price, allocating transaction price, and determining when performance obligations are satisfied can require the application of significant judgment, as further discussed below.
Identifying the performance obligations in a contract
We execute contracts for a single promise or multiple promises. Specifically, our firm fixed price contracts typically include multiple promises which are accounted for as separate performance obligations. Significant judgment is required in determining performance obligations, and these decisions could change the amount of revenue and profit or loss recorded in each period.
Classification of Revenue
We classify revenue as imagery and software analytical services, and professional and engineering services in our consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive loss based on the predominant attributes of the performance obligations.

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Determination of and Allocation of Transaction Price
Each customer purchase order sets forth the transaction price for the products and services purchased under the arrangement. The Company estimates any variable consideration, and whether the transaction price is constrained, upon execution of each contract. We may adjust the transaction price over time for any estimated constraints that become probable based on service level provisions within some of our customer purchase orders. For contracts with multiple performance obligations, we evaluate whether the stated selling prices for the products or services represent their standalone selling prices. When it is necessary to allocate the transaction price to multiple performance obligations, management typically uses the expected cost plus a reasonable profit margin to estimate the standalone selling price of each product or service. We also sell standard products or services with observable standalone revenue transactions. In these situations, the observable standalone revenue transactions are used to determine the standalone selling price.
Determination of when Performance Obligations are Satisfied
Imagery revenue is recognized ratably over the subscription period or at the point in time the customer receives access to the imagery. Software analytical services revenue derived from data, software, and analytics is recognized from the rendering of analytical and monitoring services over time on a firm-fixed price, or at the point in time the customer receives access to an analytic product. Professional and engineering services revenue is generated from both time and materials basis contracts and firm-fixed price service solutions contracts and firm-fixed price long-term engineering and construction contracts. Due to the long-term nature of our engineering and construction contracts, we generally recognize revenue over time using a cost-to-cost measure of progress because it best depicts the transfer of control to the customer as we incur costs on the contracts. Under the percentage-of-completion cost-to-cost measure of progress, the extent of progress towards completion is measured based on the ratio of costs incurred to date to the total estimated costs to complete the performance obligation(s). The estimation of total estimated costs at completion is subject to many variables and requires judgment. We recognize changes in contract estimates on a cumulative catch-up basis in the period in which the changes are identified. Such changes in contract estimates can result in the recognition of revenue in a current period for performance obligations which were satisfied or partially satisfied in a prior period. If at any time, the estimate of contract profitability indicates a probable anticipated loss on the contract, we recognize the total loss as and when known.

Equity Valuations
As there was not a market for Legacy BlackSky equity, valuations of Legacy BlackSky equity instruments require the application of significant estimates, assumptions, and judgments. These valuations impact various amounts and accounting conclusions reflected in our consolidated financial statements, inclusive of the recognition of equity-based compensation, debt discounts when debt issuances were accompanied by the issuance of equity (e.g., warrants), and the evaluation of whether beneficial conversion features existed within our convertible financial instruments. The following discussion provides additional details regarding the significant estimates, assumptions, and judgments that impacted the determination of the fair values of equity-based compensation awards, warrants, and the preferred stock and common stock that comprised our capital structure prior to the Merger. The following discussion also explains why these estimates, assumptions, and judgments could be subject to uncertainties and future variability.
Equity-Based Compensation
Legacy BlackSky issued equity and equity-based awards under our 2021 Equity Incentive Plan (“2021 Plan”), 2014 stock incentive plan, and 2011 stock incentive plan. Awards issued include stock options, restricted stock awards (“RSAs”), and RSUs. Awards under these Plans were approved by the board of directors, and awards that have been canceled, forfeited, or expired are available for issuance in connection with our 2021 Plan.
For purposes of recognizing equity-based compensation related to RSAs, RSUs, and stock options granted to employees, management estimates the grant date fair values of such awards to measure the costs to be recognized for services received. For awards with time-based vesting conditions, we recognize compensation costs based upon the straight-line amortization of the grant date fair value of the awards over the requisite service period. When equity-based compensation awards include a performance condition, no compensation is recognized until the

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performance condition is deemed probable to occur; we then recognize compensation costs based on the accelerated attribution method, which accounts for awards with discrete vesting dates as if they were a separate award.
Stock Option and Class A Common Stock Warrant Valuations
We use the Black-Scholes option-pricing model to value all options and Class A common stock warrants. Estimating the fair value of stock options using the Black-Scholes option-pricing model requires the application of significant assumptions, such as the fair value of our Class A common stock, the estimated term of the options, risk-free interest rates, the expected volatility of the price of our Class A common stock, and an expected dividend yield. Each of these assumptions is subjective, requires significant judgement, and is based upon management’s best estimates. If any of these assumptions were to change significantly in the future, equity-based compensation related to future awards may differ significantly, as compared with awards previously granted.
We have largely moved towards granting RSAs and RSUs to the bulk of our employees, for which the grant date fair value is equal to the trading price fair value of the Class A common stock on the date of grant. For stock options, which are primarily granted to certain management employees, we use the following inputs under Black-Scholes as follows:
Expected Dividend Yield—The Black-Scholes valuation model requires an expected dividend yield as an input. The dividend yield is based on historical experience and expected future changes. We currently have no plans to pay dividends on our Class A common stock and, accordingly, have assumed no dividend yield upon valuation of our stock options.
Expected Volatility—As there was no observable volatility with respect to our Legacy BlackSky Class A common stock and due to the lack of sufficient history of BlackSky Class A common stock, the expected volatility of our Legacy BlackSky and BlackSky Class A common stock was estimated based upon the historical share price volatility of guideline comparable companies.
Risk-free Interest Rate—The yield on actively traded, non-inflation indexed U.S. Treasury notes was used to extrapolate an average risk-free interest rate based on the expected term of the underlying grants.
Expected Term—For options granted in 2021 and 2022, since there is not a history of option exercises as a public company, we considered the option vesting terms and contractual period, as well as the demographics of the holders, in estimating the expected term. For options granted prior to 2021, the expected term was the estimated duration to a liquidation event based on a weighted average consideration of the most likely exit prospects for that stage of development. Legacy BlackSky was privately funded and, accordingly, the lack of marketability was factored into the expected term of options granted. We will continue to review our estimate in the future and adjust it, if necessary, due to changes in our historical exercises.

Private Placement Warrants and Sponsor Shares
We have classified the Private Placement Warrants and Sponsor Shares as long-term liabilities in our consolidated balance sheets as of December 31, 2022 and December 31, 2021. Each liability was initially recorded at fair value on the date of the Merger. The Private Placement Warrants were recorded at fair value using a Black-Scholes option pricing model and the Sponsor Shares were recorded at fair value using a Monte Carlo simulation model. These liabilities are re-measured to fair value at each subsequent reporting date and recorded to gain on derivatives on our consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive loss. We will continue to adjust the liability for changes in fair value until the financial statements, and income and expenses duringinstruments are exercised, redeemed, cancelled or released.
The fair value models require inputs including, but not limited to, the periods reported. Actual results could materially differ from those estimates. We have identified the following critical accounting policies:

Common stock subject to possible redemption

We account forfair value of our Class A common stock, subject to possible redemption in accordance with the guidance in Accounting Standards Codification (“ASC”) Topic 480 “Distinguishing Liabilities from Equity.” Common stock subject to mandatory redemption is classified as a liability instrumentrisk-free interest rate, expected term, expected dividend yield and is measured atexpected volatility. The fair value. Conditionally redeemable common stock (including common stock that features redemption rights that are either within the controlvalue of the holder or subject to redemption upon the occurrence of uncertain events not solely within the Company’s control) is classified as temporary equity. At all other times,our Class A common stock is classifiedthe closing stock price on the NYSE as stockholders’ equity. Ourof the measurement date. The risk-free interest rate assumption is determined by using U.S. Treasury rates for the same period as the expected terms of the financial instruments. The dividend yield assumption is based on the dividends expected to be paid over the expected life of the financial instruments. We have historically been a private company and lacked sufficient company-specific historical and implied volatility information. Therefore, the expected stock volatility includes both BlackSky’s Class A common stock features certain redemption rightsand public warrant historical volatility as well as the historical volatility of a publicly traded set of


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peer companies. Changes in these assumptions can materially affect the estimate of the fair value of these instruments and ultimately the change in fair value.

Goodwill Impairment
We assess goodwill for impairment at the reporting unit level, which is defined as an operating segment or one level below an operating segment. Goodwill is tested annually for impairment as of October 1st, or more frequently if events or circumstances indicate the carrying value may be impaired. A significant amount of judgement is involved in determining if an indicator of impairment has occurred. Such indicators may include (a) a significant decline in our common stock value; (b) a significant decline in our expected future cash flows; (c) a significant adverse change in legal factors or the business climate; (d) unanticipated competition; or (e) slower growth rates. We identify potential impairment by comparing the fair value of each of our reporting units with its carrying amount, including goodwill. If the carrying amount of a reporting unit exceeds its fair value, an impairment loss is recognized in an amount equal to that excess.

We performed an annual qualitative goodwill assessment over the balance of goodwill we held related to the BlackSky reporting unit as of October 1, 2022. We also determined that no triggering events occurred during the year ended December 31, 2022 that would require a quantitative assessment. We determined that it is more likely than not that the fair value of the BlackSky reporting unit sufficiently exceeds its carrying value, including goodwill. Although we have a history of recurring losses from operations, negative cash flows from operations, and a significant accumulated deficit, as of the October 1, 2022 analysis, the fair value was greater than 34% in excess of the carrying value for BlackSky. As of December 31, 2022, we believe that the estimated fair values of the BlackSky reporting unit is still in excess of its respective carrying value and therefore is not at-risk of being impaired.

Long Lived Asset Impairment
We evaluate long-lived assets, including finite-lived intangible assets, property and equipment, satellite procurement work in process and other long-term assets, for impairment whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying amounts of the assets may not be fully recoverable. Significant judgments in this area involve determining whether a triggering event has occurred and determining the future cash flows for assets involved. In conducting this analysis, we compare the undiscounted cash flows expected to be generated from the long-lived assets (or asset group) to the related net book values. If the undiscounted cash flows exceed the net book value, the long-lived assets are considered not to be outsideimpaired. If the net book value exceeds the undiscounted cash flows, an impairment charge is measured and recognized based upon the difference between the carrying value of our controllong-lived assets (or asset group) and subject to occurrence of uncertain future events. Accordingly, common stock subject to possible redemption is presented at redemption value as temporary equity, outside of the stockholders’ equity section of our balance sheet.

Net loss per common share

We apply thetwo-class method in calculating earnings per share. Shares of common stock subject to possible redemption which are not currently redeemable and are not redeemable attheir fair value, have been excluded from the calculation of basic net loss per share since such shares, if redeemed, only participate in their pro rata share of the Trust Account earnings. Our net income is adjusted for the portion of income that is attributable to common stock subject to possible redemption, as these shares only participate in the earnings of the Trust Account and not our income or losses.

Recent accounting standards

Management does not believe that any other recently issued, but not yet effective, accounting pronouncements, if currently adopted, would have a material effect on our financial statements.

value.

Item 7A.

ITEM 7A. QUANTITATIVE AND QUALITATIVE DISCLOSURES ABOUT MARKET RISK

As of December 31, 2019, we were not subject to any market or interest rate risk. Following the consummation of our initial public offering, the net proceeds of our initial public offering, including amounts in the Trust Account, have been invested in U.S. government treasury bills, notes or bonds with a maturity of 185 days or less or in certain money market funds that invest solely in U.S. treasuries. Due to the short-term nature of these investments, we believe there will be no associated material exposure to interest rate risk.

Not applicable.

Item
ITEM 8.

FINANCIAL STATEMENTS AND SUPPLEMENTARY DATA.

OSPREY TECHNOLOGY ACQUISITION CORP.

INDEX TO FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm

F-2

Financial Statements:

Balance Sheets

F-3

Statements of Operations

F-4

Statement of Changes in Stockholders’ Equity

F-5

Statements of Cash Flows

F-6

Notes to Financial Statements

F-7 toF-16
AND SUPPLEMENTARY DATA

REPORT OF INDEPENDENT REGISTERED PUBLIC ACCOUNTING FIRM

To the Shareholders and the Board of Directors of

Osprey Technology Acquisition Corp.

OpinionThe information required by this item is set forth beginning on the Financial Statements

We have audited the accompanying balance sheets of Osprey Technology Acquisition Corp. (the “Company”) as of December 31, 2019 and 2018, the related statements of operations, changes in stockholders’ equity and cash flows for the year ended December 31, 2019 and for the period from June 15, 2018 (inception) through December 31, 2018, and the related notes (collectively referred to as the “financial statements”). In our opinion, the financial statements present fairly, in all material respects, the financial position of the Company as of December 31, 2019 and 2018, and the results of its operations and its cash flows for the year ended December 31, 2019 and for the period from June 15, 2018 (inception) through December 31, 2018, in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America.

Basis for Opinion

These financial statements are the responsibility of the Company’s management. Our responsibility is to express an opinionpage F-1 on the Company’s financial statements basedthis Annual Report on our audit. We are a public accounting firm registered with the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States) (the “PCAOB”) and are required to be independent with respect to the Company in accordance with the U.S. federal securities laws and the applicable rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission and the PCAOB.

We conducted our audits in accordance with the standards of the PCAOB. Those standards require that we plan and perform the audits to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the financial statements are free of material misstatement, whether due to error or fraud. The Company is not required to have, nor were we engaged to perform, an audit of its internal control over financial reporting. As part of our audits we are required to obtain an understanding of internal control over financial reporting, but not for the purpose of expressing an opinion on the effectiveness of the Company’s internal control over financial reporting. Accordingly, we express no such opinion.

Our audits included performing procedures to assess the risks of material misstatement of the financial statements, whether due to error or fraud, and performing procedures that respond to those risks. Such procedures included examining, on a test basis, evidence regarding the amounts and disclosures in the financial statements. Our audit also included evaluating the accounting principles used and significant estimates made by management, as well as evaluating the overall presentation of the financial statements. We believe that our audits provide a reasonable basis for our opinion.

/s/ Marcum LLP

Marcum LLP

We have served as the Company’s auditor since 2018.

New York, NY

March 6, 2020

Form 10-K.

OSPREY TECHNOLOGY ACQUISITION CORP.

BALANCE SHEETS

   December 31, 
   2019   2018 

ASSETS

    

Current assets

    

Cash

  $1,083,611   $42,061 

Prepaid expenses

   202,472    —   
  

 

 

   

 

 

 

Total Current Assets

   1,286,083    42,061 

Deferred offering costs

   —      172,277 

Deferred tax asset

   1,361    —   

Marketable securities held in Trust Account

   316,958,514    —   
  

 

 

   

 

 

 

TOTAL ASSETS

  $318,245,958   $214,338 
  

 

 

   

 

 

 
    

LIABILITIES AND STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY

    

Current liabilities

    

Accounts payable and accrued expenses

  $181,732   $1,488 

Accrued offering costs

   —      90,027 

Income tax payable

   94,636    —   

Promissory note – related party

   —      100,000 
  

 

 

   

 

 

 

Total Current Liabilities

   276,368    191,515 

Deferred underwriting fee payable

   11,068,750    —   
  

 

 

   

 

 

 

Total Liabilities

   11,345,118    191,515 
  

 

 

   

 

 

 

Commitments (Note 6)

    

Common stock subject to possible redemption, 30,142,702 shares at redemption value at December 31, 2019

   301,900,836    —   
  

 

 

   

 

 

 
    

Stockholders’ Equity

    

Preferred stock, $0.0001 par value; 1,000,000 shares authorized; none issued and outstanding

   —      —   

Class A Common stock, $0.0001 par value; 150,000,000 shares authorized; 1,482,298 shares issued and outstanding (excluding 30,142,702 shares subject to possible redemption) at December 31, 2019

   148    —   

Class B Common stock, $0.0001 par value; 25,000,000 shares authorized; 7,906,250 and 9,487,500 shares issued and outstanding at December 31, 2019 and 2018, respectively(1)

   791    949 

Additionalpaid-in capital

   4,650,349    24,051 

Retained earnings/(Accumulated deficit)

   348,716    (2,177
  

 

 

   

 

 

 

Total Stockholders’ Equity

   5,000,004    22,823 
  

 

 

   

 

 

 

TOTAL LIABILITIES AND STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY

  $318,245,958   $214,338 
  

 

 

   

 

 

 

(1)

Included up to 1,031,250 and 1,237,500 shares, respectively, subject to forfeiture if the underwriters’ over-allotment option was not exercised in full or in part (see Note 5).

The accompanying notes are an integral part of the financial statements.

OSPREY TECHNOLOGY ACQUISITION CORP.

STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS

   Year Ended
December 31,
2019
  For the Period
from June 15,
2018
(inception)
through
December 31,
2018
 

Formation and operating costs

  $264,346  $2,177 
  

 

 

  

 

 

 

Loss from operations

   (264,346  (2,177
  

 

 

  

 

 

 

Other income:

   

Interest income

   714,993   —   

Unrealized loss on marketable securities held in Trust Account

   (6,479  —   
  

 

 

  

 

 

 

Other income, net

   708,514   —   
  

 

 

  

 

 

 

Income (loss) before provision for income taxes

   444,168   (2,177

Provision for income taxes

   (93,275  —   
  

 

 

  

 

 

 

Net income (loss)

  $350,893  $(2,177
  

 

 

  

 

 

 

Weighted average shares outstanding, basic and diluted(1)

   7,591,097   8,250,000 
  

 

 

  

 

 

 

Basic and diluted net loss per common share(2)

  $(0.02 $—   
  

 

 

  

 

 

 

(1)

Excludes an aggregate of up to 30,142,702 shares subject to possible redemption at December 31, 2019 and 1,237,500 shares for the period from June 15, 2018 (inception) through December 31, 2018 subject to forfeiture if the underwriters’ over-allotment option was not exercised in full or in part (see Note 5).

(2)

Net loss per common share – basic and diluted excludes income attributable to common stock subject to possible redemption of $474,698 for the year ended December 31, 2019 (see Note 2).

The accompanying notes are an integral part of the financial statements.


OSPREY TECHNOLOGY ACQUISITION CORP.

STATEMENTS OF74



ITEM 9. CHANGES IN STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY

   Class A Common Stock  Class B Common Stock  Paid-in  (Accumulated
Deficit)/
Retained
  Total
Stockholders’
 
   Shares  Amount  Shares  Amount  Capital  Earnings  Equity 

Balance – June 15, 2018 (inception)

   —    $—     —    $—    $—    $—    $—   

Issuance of common stock to Sponsor

   —     —     9,487,500   949   24,051   —     25,000 

Net loss

   —     —     —     —     —     (2,177  (2,177
  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

 

Balance – December 31, 2018

   —     —     9,487,500   949   24,051   (2,177  22,823 

Forfeiture of common stock by Sponsor

   —     —     (1,581,250  (158  158   —     —   

Sale of 31,625,000 Units, net of underwriting discounts and offering expenses

   31,625,000   3,162   —     —     298,198,962   —     298,202,124 

Sale of 8,325,000 Private Placement Warrants

   —     —     —     —     8,325,000   —     8,325,000 

Common stock subject to possible redemption

   (30,142,702  (3,014  —     —     (301,897,822  —     (301,900,836

Net income

     —     —     —     350,893   350,893 
  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

 

Balance – December 31, 2019

   1,482,298  $148   7,906,250  $791  $4,650,349  $348,716  $5,000,004 
  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

 

The accompanying notes are an integral part of the financial statements.

OSPREY TECHNOLOGY ACQUISITION CORP.

STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS

   Year Ended
December 31,
2019
  For the
Period
from
June 15, 2018
(inception)
through
December 31,
2018
 

Cash Flows from Operating Activities:

   

Net income (loss)

  $350,893  $(2,177

Adjustments to reconcile net income (loss) to net cash used in operating activities:

   

Interest earned on marketable securities held in Trust Account

   (714,993  —   

Unrealized loss on marketable securities held in Trust Account

   6,479   —   

Deferred tax provision

   (1,361 

Changes in operating assets and liabilities:

   

Prepaid expenses

   (202,472  —   

Accounts payable and accrued expenses

   180,244   1,488 

Income taxes payable

   94,636   —   
  

 

 

  

 

 

 

Net cash used in operating activities

   (286,574)   (689) 
  

 

 

  

 

 

 
   

Cash Flows from Investing Activities:

   

Investment of cash in Trust Account

   (316,250,000  —   
  

 

 

  

 

 

 

Net cash used in investing activities

   (316,250,000  —   
  

 

 

  

 

 

 
   

Cash Flows from Financing Activities:

   

Proceeds from issuance of common stock to Sponsor

   —     25,000 

Proceeds from sale of Units, net of underwriting discounts paid

   309,925,000   —   

Proceeds from sale of Private Placement Warrants

   8,325,000   —   

Proceeds from promissory note – related party

   124,992   100,000 

Repayment of promissory note – related party

   (224,992  —   

Payment of offering costs

   (571,876  (82,250
  

 

 

  

 

 

 

Net cash provided by financing activities

   317,578,124   42,750 
  

 

 

  

 

 

 
   

Net Change in Cash

   1,041,550   42,061 

Cash – Beginning

   42,061   —   
  

 

 

  

 

 

 

Cash – Ending

  $1,083,611  $42,061 
  

 

 

  

 

 

 
   

Non-cash investing and financing activities:

   

Initial classification of common stock subject to possible redemption

  $301,534,750  $—   
  

 

 

  

 

 

 

Change in value of common stock subject to possible redemption

  $366,086  $—   
  

 

 

  

 

 

 

Deferred underwriting fee payable

  $11,068,750  $—   
  

 

 

  

 

 

 

Deferred offering costs included in accrued offering costs

  $—    $90,027 
  

 

 

  

 

 

 

The accompanying notes are an integral part of the financial statements.

OSPREY TECHNOLOGY ACQUISITION CORP.

NOTES TOAND DISAGREEMENTS WITH ACCOUNTANTS ON ACCOUNTING AND FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

DECEMBER 31, 2019

NOTE 1. DESCRIPTION OF ORGANIZATIONDISCLOSURES


None.

ITEM 9A. CONTROLS AND BUSINESS OPERATIONS

Osprey Technology Acquisition Corp. (formerly known as Osprey Energy Acquisition Corp. II) (the “Company”) was incorporated in Delaware as a blank check company under the name “Osprey Acquisition Corp. II” on June 15, 2018. The Company changed its name to “Osprey Energy Acquisition Corp. II” on September 27, 2018 and then to “Osprey Technology Acquisition Corp.” on June 17, 2019. The Company was formed for the purpose of effecting a merger, capital stock exchange, asset acquisition, stock purchase, reorganization or similar business combination with one or more businesses (the “Business Combination”).

The Company has generated no revenues to date and it does not expect that it will generate operating revenues until it consummates an initial business combination at the earliest. Although the Company may pursue an acquisition opportunity in any business or industry, it intends to focus on opportunities in the technology sector, particularly companies pursuing aSoftware-as-a-Service (“SaaS”) model.

As of December 31, 2019, the Company had not yet commenced operations. All activity for the period from June 15, 2018 (inception) through December 31, 2019 relates to the Company’s formation, the initial public offering (the “Initial Public Offering”), which is described below, and identifying a target company for a Business Combination.

The registration statements for the Company’s Initial Public Offering were declared effective on October 31, 2019. On November 5, 2019, the Company consummated the Initial Public Offering of 27,500,000 units (the “Units” and, with respect to the shares of Class A common stock included in the Units sold, the “Public Shares”), at $10.00 per Unit, generating gross proceeds of $275,000,000, which is described in Note 3.

Simultaneously with the closing of the Initial Public Offering, the Company consummated the sale of 7,500,000 warrants (the “Private Placement Warrants”) at a price of $1.00 per Private Placement Warrant in a private placement to Osprey Sponsor II, LLC (the “Sponsor”), generating gross proceeds of $7,500,000, which is described in Note 4.

Following the closing of the Initial Public Offering on November 5, 2019, an amount of $275,000,000 ($10.00 per Unit) from the net proceeds of the sale of the Units in the Initial Public Offering and the sale of the Private Placement Warrants was placed in a trust account (the “Trust Account”) and invested in U.S. government securities, within the meaning set forth in Section 2(a)(16) of the Investment Company Act, with a maturity of 185 days or less or in any open-ended investment company that holds itself out as a money market fund meeting the conditions of Rule2a-7 of the Investment Company Act of 1940, as amended (the “Investment Company Act”), as determined by the Company, until the earlier of: (i) the completion of a Business Combination or (ii) the distribution of the Trust Account, as described below.

On November 11, 2019, the underwriters notified the Company of their intention to exercise their over-allotment option in full on November 13, 2019. As such, on November 13, 2019, the Company consummated the sale of an additional 4,125,000 Units, at $10.00 per Unit, and the sale of an additional 825,000 Private Placement Warrants, at $1.00 per Private Placement Warrant, generating total gross proceeds of $42,075,000. A total of $41,250,000 of the net proceeds was deposited into the Trust Account, bringing the aggregate proceeds deposited in the Trust Account to $316,250,000.

Transaction costs for the Initial Public Offering amounted to $18,047,876 consisting of $6,325,000 of underwriting fees, $11,068,750 of deferred underwriting fees and $654,126 of other offering costs. In addition, $1,126,709 of cash was held outside of the Trust Account and is available for working capital purposes.

The Company’s management has broad discretion with respect to the specific application of the net proceeds of the Initial Public Offering and the sale of the Private Placement Warrants, although substantially all of the net proceeds are intended to be applied generally toward consummating a Business Combination. The Company’s initial Business Combination must be with one or more target businesses that together have a fair market value equal to at least 80% of the balance in the Trust Account (excluding the deferred underwriting fees and taxes payable on income earned on the Trust Account) at the time of the signing an agreement to enter into a Business Combination. The Company will only complete a Business Combination if the post-transaction company owns or acquires 50% or more of the outstanding voting securities of the target or otherwise acquires a controlling interest in the target sufficient for it not to be required to register as an investment company under the Investment Company Act. There is no assurance that the Company will be able to complete a Business Combination successfully.

The Company will provide its holders of the outstanding Public Shares (the “public stockholders”) with the opportunity to redeem all or a portion of their Public Shares upon the completion of a Business Combination either (i) in connection with a stockholder meeting called to approve the Business Combination or (ii) by means of a tender offer. The decision as to whether the Company will seek stockholder approval of a Business Combination or conduct a tender offer will be made by the Company, solely in its discretion. The public stockholders will be entitled to redeem their Public Shares for a pro rata portion of the amount then on deposit in the Trust Account (initially $10.00 per Public Share, plus any pro rata interest earned on the funds held in the Trust Account and not previously released to the Company to pay its franchise and income tax obligations). There will be no redemption rights upon the completion of a Business Combination with respect to the Company’s warrants.

PROCEDURES

OSPREY TECHNOLOGY ACQUISITION CORP.

NOTES TO FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

DECEMBER 31, 2019

The Company will proceed with a Business Combination if the Company has net tangible assets of at least $5,000,001 upon such consummation of a Business Combination and, if the Company seeks stockholder approval, a majority of the outstanding shares voted are voted in favor of the Business Combination. If a stockholder vote is not required by law and the Company does not decide to hold a stockholder vote for business or other legal reasons, the Company will, pursuant to its Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation, conduct the redemptions pursuant to the tender offer rules of the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission (the “SEC”) and file tender offer documents with the SEC prior to completing a Business Combination. If, however, stockholder approval of the transaction is required by law, or the Company decides to obtain stockholder approval for business or legal reasons, the Company will offer to redeem Public Shares in conjunction with a proxy solicitation pursuant to the proxy rules and not pursuant to the tender offer rules. If the Company seeks stockholder approval in connection with a Business Combination, the Company’s Sponsor has agreed to vote its Founder Shares (as defined below in Note 5) and any Public Shares purchased during or after the Initial Public Offering in favor of approving a Business Combination. Additionally, each public stockholder may elect to redeem their Public Shares irrespective of whether they vote for or against the proposed transaction.

Notwithstanding the foregoing, if the Company seeks stockholder approval of a Business Combination and it does not conduct redemptions pursuant to the tender offer rules, the Company’s Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation provides that a public stockholder, together with any affiliate of such stockholder or any other person with whom such stockholder is acting in concert or as a “group” (as defined under Section 13 of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the “Exchange Act”)), will be restricted from redeeming its shares with respect to more than an aggregate of 15% or more of the Public Shares, without the prior consent of the Company.

The Sponsor and the Company’s officers and directors have agreed (a) to waive their redemption rights with respect to their Founder Shares and Public Shares held by them in connection with the completion of a Business Combination and (b) not to propose an amendment to the Company’s Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation (a) that would modify the substance or timing of the Company’s obligation to allow redemption in connection with a Business Combination or to redeem 100% of its Public Shares if the Company does not complete a Business Combination or (b) with respect to any other provision relating to stockholders’ rights orpre-initial Business Combination activity, unless the Company provides the public stockholders with the opportunity to redeem their Public Shares in conjunction with any such amendment.

The Company will have until November 5, 2021 to consummate a Business Combination (the “Combination Period”). If the Company is unable to complete a Business Combination within the Combination Period, the Company will (i) cease all operations except for the purpose of winding up, (ii) as promptly as reasonably possible but not more than ten business days thereafter, redeem the Public Shares, at aper-share price, payable in cash, equal to the aggregate amount then on deposit in the Trust Account, including interest earned on the funds held in the Trust Account and not previously released to the Company to pay franchise and income taxes (less up to $100,000 of interest to pay dissolution expenses), divided by the number of then outstanding Public Shares, which redemption will completely extinguish the public stockholders’ rights as stockholders (including the right to receive further liquidating distributions, if any), subject to applicable law, and (iii) as promptly as reasonably possible following such redemption, subject to the approval of the Company’s remaining stockholders and the Company’s board of directors, dissolve and liquidate, subject in each case to the Company’s obligations under Delaware law to provide for claims of creditors and the requirements of other applicable law. There will be no redemption rights or liquidating distributions with respect to the Company’s warrants, which will expire worthless if the Company fails to complete a Business Combination within the Combination Period.

The Sponsor has agreed to waive its liquidation rights with respect to the Founder Shares if the Company fails to complete a Business Combination within the Combination Period. However, if the Sponsor or any of the Company’s officers, directors or any of their affiliates acquires Public Shares in or after the Initial Public Offering, they will be entitled to liquidating distributions from the Trust Account with respect to such Public Shares if the Company fails to complete a Business Combination within the Combination Period. The underwriters have agreed to waive their rights to their deferred underwriting commission (see Note 6) held in the Trust Account in the event the Company does not complete a Business Combination within the Combination Period and, in such event, such amounts will be included with the other funds held in the Trust Account that will be available to fund the redemption of the Public Shares. In the event of such distribution, it is possible that the per share value of the assets remaining available for distribution will be less than the Initial Public Offering price per Unit ($10.00).

In order to protect the amounts held in the Trust Account, Mr. Jonathan Cohen, the Company’sCo-Chairman, has agreed to be liable to the Company if and to the extent any claims by a vendor for services rendered or products sold to the Company, or a prospective target business with which the Company has discussed entering into a definitive agreement, reduce the amount of funds in the Trust Account to below (i) $10.00 per share or (ii) such lesser amount per Public Share held in the Trust Account as of the date of the liquidation of the Trust Account due to reductions in the value of the trust assets. This liability will not apply with respect to any claims by a third party who executed a waiver of any and all rights to seek access to the Trust Account or to any claims under the Company’s indemnity of the underwriters of the Initial Public Offering against certain liabilities, including liabilities under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the “Securities Act”). Moreover, in the event that an executed waiver is deemed to be unenforceable against a third party, Mr. Jonathan Cohen will not be responsible to the extent of any liability for such


OSPREY TECHNOLOGY ACQUISITION CORP.

NOTES TO FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

DECEMBER 31, 2019

third-party claims. The Company will seek to reduce the possibility that Mr. Jonathan Cohen will have to indemnify the Trust Account due to claims of creditors by endeavoring to have all vendors, service providers, prospective target businesses or other entities with which the Company does business, execute agreements with the Company waiving any right, title, interest or claim of any kind in or to monies held in the Trust Account.

NOTE 2. SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES

Basis of presentation

The accompanying financial statements have been prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America (“GAAP”) and pursuant to the rules and regulations of the SEC.

Emerging growth company

The Company is an “emerging growth company,” as defined in Section 2(a) of the Securities Act, as modified by the Jumpstart Our Business Startups Act of 2012 (the “JOBS Act”), and it may take advantage of certain exemptions from various reporting requirements that are applicable to other public companies that are not emerging growth companies including, but not limited to, not being required to comply with the independent registered public accounting firm attestation requirements of Section 404 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act, reduced disclosure obligations regarding executive compensation in its periodic reports and proxy statements, and exemptions from the requirements of holding a nonbinding advisory vote on executive compensation and stockholder approval of any golden parachute payments not previously approved.

Further, Section 102(b)(1) of the JOBS Act exempts emerging growth companies from being required to comply with new or revised financial accounting standards until private companies (that is, those that have not had a Securities Act registration statement declared effective or do not have a class of securities registered under the Exchange Act) are required to comply with the new or revised financial accounting standards. The JOBS Act provides that a company can elect to opt out of the extended transition period and comply with the requirements that apply tonon-emerging growth companies but any such election to opt out is irrevocable. The Company has elected not to opt out of such extended transition period which means that when a standard is issued or revised and it has different application dates for public or private companies, the Company, as an emerging growth company, can adopt the new or revised standard at the time private companies adopt the new or revised standard. This may make comparison of the Company’s financial statements with another public company which is neither an emerging growth company nor an emerging growth company, and which has opted out of using the extended transition period difficult or impossible because of the potential differences in accounting standards used.

Use of estimates

The preparation of the financial statements in conformity with GAAP requires the Company’s management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting period.

Making estimates requires management to exercise significant judgment. It is at least reasonably possible that the estimate of the effect of a condition, situation or set of circumstances that existed at the date of the financial statements, which management considered in formulating its estimate, could change in the near term due to one or more future confirming events. Accordingly, the actual results could differ significantly from those estimates.

Cash and cash equivalents

The Company considers all short-term investments with an original maturity of three months or less when purchased to be cash equivalents. The Company did not have any cash equivalents as of December 31, 2019 and 2018.

Marketable securities held in Trust Account

At December 31, 2019, the assets held in the Trust Account were substantially held in U.S. Treasury Bills.

Common stock subject to possible redemption

The Company accounts for its common stock subject to possible redemption in accordance with the guidance in Accounting Standards Codification (“ASC”) Topic 480 “Distinguishing Liabilities from Equity.” Common stock subject to mandatory redemption is classified as a liability instrument and is measured at fair value. Conditionally redeemable common stock (including common stock that features redemption

OSPREY TECHNOLOGY ACQUISITION CORP.

NOTES TO FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

DECEMBER 31, 2019

rights that are either within the control of the holder or subject to redemption upon the occurrence of uncertain events not solely within the Company’s control) is classified as temporary equity. At all other times, common stock is classified as stockholders’ equity. The Company’s Class A common stock features certain redemption rights that are considered to be outside of the Company’s control and subject to occurrence of uncertain future events. Accordingly, common stock subject to possible redemption is presented at redemption value as temporary equity, outside of the stockholders’ equity section of the Company’s balance sheet.

Income taxes

The Company follows the asset and liability method of accounting for income taxes under ASC 740, “Income Taxes.” Deferred tax assets and liabilities are recognized for the estimated future tax consequences attributable to differences between the financial statement carrying amounts of existing assets and liabilities and their respective tax bases. Deferred tax assets and liabilities are measured using enacted tax rates expected to apply to taxable income in the years in which those temporary differences are expected to be recovered or settled. The effect on deferred tax assets and liabilities of a change in tax rates is recognized in income in the period that included the enactment date. Valuation allowances are established, when necessary, to reduce deferred tax assets to the amount expected to be realized.

ASC 740 prescribes a recognition threshold and a measurement attribute for the financial statement recognition and measurement of tax positions taken or expected to be taken in a tax return. For those benefits to be recognized, a tax position must be more likely than not to be sustained upon examination by taxing authorities. The Company recognizes accrued interest and penalties related to unrecognized tax benefits as income tax expense. There were no unrecognized tax benefits and no amounts accrued for interest and penalties as of December 31, 2019and 2018. The Company is currently not aware of any issues under review that could result in significant payments, accruals or material deviation from its position.

The Company may be subject to potential examination by federal, state and city taxing authorities in the areas of income taxes. These potential examinations may include questioning the timing and amount of deductions, the nexus of income among various tax jurisdictions and compliance with federal, state and city tax laws. The Company is subject to income tax examinations by major taxing authorities since inception. The Company’s management does not expect that the total amount of unrecognized tax benefits will materially change over the next twelve months.

Net loss per common share

Net loss per common share is computed by dividing adjusted net loss by the weighted average number of common shares outstanding during the period. Weighted average shares outstanding at December 31, 2018 included an aggregate of 1,237,500 shares of common stock that were subject to forfeiture if the over-allotment option was not exercised by the underwriters (see Note 5). The Company applies thetwo-class method in calculating earnings per share. Shares of common stock subject to possible redemption at December 31, 2019, which are not currently redeemable and are not redeemable at fair value, have been excluded from the calculation of basic loss per share since such shares, if redeemed, only participate in their pro rata share of the Trust Account earnings. The Company has not considered the effect of warrants to purchase 24,137,500 shares of common stock that were sold in the Initial Public Offering and the private placement in the calculation of diluted loss per share, since the exercise of the warrants is contingent upon the occurrence of future events. As a result, diluted loss per share is the same as basic loss per share for the period presented.

Reconciliation of net loss per common share

The Company’s net income (loss) is adjusted for the portion of income that is attributable to common stock subject to possible redemption, as these shares only participate in the earning of the Trust Account and not the income or losses of the Company. Accordingly, basic and diluted loss per common share is calculated as follows:

   Year Ended
December 31,
2019
   For the Period
from June 15,
2018
(inception)
through
December 31,
2018
 

Net income (loss)

  $350,893   $(2,177

Less: Income attributable to common stock subject to possible redemption

   (474,698   —   
  

 

 

   

 

 

 

Adjusted net loss

  $(123,805  $(2,177
  

 

 

   

 

 

 

Weighted average shares outstanding, basic and diluted

   7,591,097    8,250,000 
  

 

 

   

 

 

 

Basic and diluted net loss per share

  $(0.02  $(0.00
  

 

 

   

 

 

 

OSPREY TECHNOLOGY ACQUISITION CORP.

NOTES TO FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

DECEMBER 31, 2019

Concentration of credit risk

Financial instruments that potentially subject the Company to concentrations of credit risk consist of cash accounts in a financial institution, which, at times may exceed the Federal Depository Insurance Coverage of $250,000. The Company has not experienced losses on these accounts and management believes the Company is not exposed to significant risks on such accounts.

Fair value of financial instruments

The fair value of the Company’s assets and liabilities, which qualify as financial instruments under ASC Topic 820, “Fair Value Measurement,” approximates the carrying amounts represented in the accompanying balance sheets, primarily due to their short-term nature.

Recent accounting standards

Management does not believe that any recently issued, but not yet effective, accounting standards, if currently adopted, would have a material effect on the Company’s financial statements.

NOTE 3. INITIAL PUBLIC OFFERING

Pursuant to the Initial Public Offering, the Company sold 31,625,000 Units, which includes the full exercise by the underwriters of their option to purchase an additional 4,125,000 Units, at a purchase price of $10.00 per Unit. Each Unit consists of one share of Class A common stock andone-half of one warrant (“Public Warrant”). Each whole Public Warrant entitles the holder to purchase one share of Class A common stock at a purchase price of $11.50 per share, subject to adjustment (see Note 7).

NOTE 4. PRIVATE PLACEMENT

Simultaneously with the closing of the Initial Public Offering and the underwriters’ over-allotment option, the Sponsor purchased an aggregate of 8,325,000 Private Placement Warrants at a price of $1.00 per Private Placement Warrant, for an aggregate purchase price of $8,325,000. Each Private Placement Warrant is exercisable to purchase one share of Class A common stock at an exercise price of $11.50. The proceeds from the Private Placement Warrants were added to the proceeds from the Initial Public Offering held in the Trust Account. If the Company does not complete a Business Combination within the Combination Period, the proceeds from the sale of the Private Placement Warrants will be used to fund the redemption of the Public Shares (subject to the requirements of applicable law), and all underlying securities will expire worthless.

NOTE 5. RELATED PARTY TRANSACTIONS

Founder Shares

In June 2018, the Sponsor purchased 125,000 shares (the “Founder Shares”) of the Company’s Class B common stock for an aggregate price of $25,000. In September 2018, the Company effectuated a69-for-1 forward stock split of its Class B common stock, resulting in an aggregate of 8,625,000 Founder Shares outstanding, of which an aggregate of up to 1,125,000 shares were subject to forfeiture to the extent the underwriters’ over-allotment option was not exercised in full or in part. As adjusted for the 1.1 for 1 stock dividend in October 2019 (see below), such amounts totaled 9,487,500 Founder Shares outstanding, of which 1,237,500 shares were subject to forfeiture. In April 2019, the Sponsor contributed back to the Company, for no consideration, 1,581,250 Founder Shares (as adjusted for the 1.1 for 1 stock dividend in October 2019), resulting in an aggregate of 7,187,500 Founder Shares outstanding, of which an aggregate of up to 937,500 shares were subject to forfeiture. In October 2019, the Company effected a 1.1 for 1 stock dividend for each share of Class B common stock outstanding, resulting in an aggregate of 7,906,250 Founder Shares outstanding, of which an aggregate of up to 1,031,250 shares were subject to forfeiture by the Sponsor to the extent that the underwriters’ over-allotment option was not exercised in full or in part so that the Sponsor will own, on anas-converted basis, 20% of the Company’s issued and outstanding shares after the Initial Public Offering (assuming the Sponsor does not purchase any Public Shares in the Initial Public Offering). The Founder Shares will automatically convert into Class A common stock upon the consummation of a Business Combination on aone-for-one basis, subject to adjustments as described in Note 7. In connection with the underwriters’ exercise of the over-allotment option in full, 1,031,250 Founder Shares are no longer subject to forfeiture.

OSPREY TECHNOLOGY ACQUISITION CORP.

NOTES TO FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

DECEMBER 31, 2019

The Sponsor has agreed, subject to certain limited exceptions, not to transfer, assign or sell any of its Founder Shares until the earlier to occur of: (i) one year after the completion of a Business Combination or (ii) the date on which the Company completes a liquidation, merger, capital stock exchange or other similar transaction that results in all of the Company’s stockholders having the right to exchange their shares of common stock for cash, securities or other property. Notwithstanding the foregoing, if the last sale price of the Class A common stock equals or exceeds $12.00 per share (as adjusted for stock splits, stock dividends, reorganizations, recapitalizations and the like) for any 20 trading days within any30-trading day period commencing at least 150 days after a Business Combination, the Founder Shares will be released from thelock-up.

Promissory Note – Related Party

On September 12, 2018, the Company issued an unsecured promissory note to the Sponsor (the “Promissory Note”), pursuant to which the Sponsor agreed to loan the Company an aggregate of up to $300,000 to cover expenses related to the Initial Public Offering. The Promissory Note wasnon-interest bearing and payable on the earlier of December 31, 2019 or the completion of the Initial Public Offering. The outstanding balance under the Promissory Note in the amount of $224,992 was repaid in full on November 5, 2019.

Administrative Support Agreement

The Company entered into an agreement whereby, commencing on November 5, 2019, the Company agreed to pay the Sponsor a total of $10,000 per month for office space, utilities and secretarial and administrative support. Upon completion of the Business Combination or the Company’s liquidation, the Company will cease paying these monthly fees. For the year ended December 31, 2019, the Company incurred and paid $20,000 in fees for these services.

Related Party Loans

In order to finance transaction costs in connection with a Business Combination, the Sponsor, an affiliate of the Sponsor, or the Company’s officers and directors may, but are not obligated to, loan the Company funds from time to time or at any time, as may be required (“Working Capital Loans”). Each Working Capital Loan would be evidenced by a promissory note. The Working Capital Loans would either be paid upon consummation of a Business Combination, without interest, or, at the holder’s discretion, up to $1,500,000 of the Working Capital Loans may be converted into warrants at a price of $1.00 per warrant. The warrants would be identical to the Private Placement Warrants. In the event that a Business Combination does not close, the Company may use a portion of the proceeds held outside the Trust Account to repay the Working Capital Loans, but no proceeds held in the Trust Account would be used to repay the Working Capital Loans.

NOTE 6. COMMITMENTS

Registration Rights

Pursuant to a registration rights agreement entered into on October 31, 2019, the Sponsor and holders of warrants issued upon conversion of Working Capital Loans, if any, will have registration rights to require the Company to register a sale of any of its securities held by them (in the case of the Founder Shares, only after conversion to Class A common stock). These holders will be entitled to make up to three demands, excluding short form registration demands, that the Company register such securities for sale under the Securities Act. In addition, these holders will have “piggy-back” registration rights to include such securities in other registration statements filed by the Company and rights to require the Company to register for resale such securities pursuant to Rule 415 under the Securities Act. However, the registration rights agreement provides that the Company will not permit any registration statement filed under the Securities Act to become effective until termination of the applicablelock-up period. The Company will bear the expenses incurred in connection with the filing of any such registration statements.

Underwriting Agreement

The Company granted the underwriters a45-day option to purchase up to 4,125,000 additional Units to cover over-allotments, if any, at the Initial Public Offering price, less the underwriting discounts and commissions. On November 13, 2019, the underwriters exercised their over-allotment option in full for an additional 4,125,000 Units.

The underwriters were paid a cash underwriting discount of $0.20 per Unit, or $6,325,000 in the aggregate. The underwriters are entitled to a deferred fee of $0.35 per Unit, or $11,068,750 in the aggregate. The deferred fee will be forfeited by the underwriters solely in the event that the Company fails to complete a Business Combination, subject to the terms of the underwriting agreement.

OSPREY TECHNOLOGY ACQUISITION CORP.

NOTES TO FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

DECEMBER 31, 2019

NOTE 7. STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY

Preferred Stock—The Company is authorized to issue 1,000,000 shares of preferred stock with a par value of $0.0001 per share with such designations, voting and other rights and preferences as may be determined from time to time by the Company’s board of directors. At December 31, 2019 and 2018 there were no shares of preferred stock issued or outstanding.

Class A Common Stock—The Company is authorized to issue 150,000,000 shares of Class A common stock with a par value of $0.0001 per share. Holders of Class A common stock are entitled to one vote for each share. At December 31, 2019 and 2018, there were 1,482,298 and-0- shares of Class A common stock issued or outstanding, excluding 30,142,702 and-0- shares of Class A common stock subject to possible redemption, respectively.

Class B Common Stock—The Company is authorized to issue 25,000,000 shares of Class B common stock with a par value of $0.0001 per share. Holders of Class B common stock are entitled to one vote for each share. At December 31, 2019 and 2018, there were 7,906,250 and 9,487,500 shares of Class B common stock issued and outstanding, respectively.

Holders of Class B common stock will have the right to elect all of the Company’s directors prior to the consummation of a Business Combination. Holders of Class A common stock and Class B common stock will vote together as a single class on all other matters submitted to a vote of stockholders, except as required by law. These provisions of the Company’s Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation may only be amended if approved by holders of a majority of at least 90% of the Company’s common stock voting in a stockholder meeting.

The shares of Class B common stock will automatically convert into shares of Class A common stock at the time of a Business Combination on aone-for-one basis, subject to adjustment. In the case that additional shares of Class A common stock, or equity-linked securities, are issued or deemed issued in excess of the amounts offered in the Initial Public Offering and related to the closing of a Business Combination, the ratio at which shares of Class B common stock shall convert into shares of Class A common stock will be adjusted (unless the holders of a majority of the outstanding shares of Class B common stock agree to waive such adjustment with respect to any such issuance or deemed issuance) so that the number of shares of Class A common stock issuable upon conversion of all shares of Class B common stock will equal, in the aggregate, on anas-converted basis, 20% of the sum of the total number of all shares of common stock outstanding upon the completion of the Initial Public Offering (not including the shares of Class A common stock underlying the Private Placement Warrants) plus all shares of Class A common stock and equity-linked securities issued or deemed issued in connection with a Business Combination (excluding any shares or equity-linked securities issued, or to be issued, to any seller in a Business Combination, any private placement-equivalent securities issued, or to be issued, to any seller in a Business Combination, or any private placement equivalent securities issued to the Sponsor or its affiliates upon conversion of loans made to the Company). Holders of Founder Shares may also elect to convert their shares of Class B common stock into an equal number of shares of Class A common stock, subject to adjustment as provided above, at any time.

Warrants—Public Warrants may only be exercised for a whole number of shares. No fractional warrants will be issued upon separation of the Units and only whole warrants will trade. The Public Warrants will become exercisable on the later of (a) 30 days after the completion of a Business Combination or (b) 12 months from the closing of the Initial Public Offering; provided in each case that the Company has an effective registration statement under the Securities Act covering the shares of common stock issuable upon exercise of the Public Warrants and a current prospectus relating to them is available. The Company has agreed that as soon as practicable, but in no event later than 15 business days after the closing of a Business Combination, the Company will use its best efforts to file with the SEC a registration statement for the registration, under the Securities Act, of the shares of Class A common stock issuable upon exercise of the Public Warrants. The Company will use its best efforts to cause the same to become effective and to maintain the effectiveness of such registration statement, and a current prospectus relating thereto, until the expiration of the warrants in accordance with the provisions of the warrant agreement. Notwithstanding the above, if the Company’s Class A common stock is at the time of any exercise of a warrant not listed on a national securities exchange such that it satisfies the definition of a “covered security” under Section 18(b)(1) of the Securities Act, the Company may, at its option, require holders of Public Warrants who exercise their warrants to do so on a “cashless basis” in accordance with Section 3(a)(9) of the Securities Act and, in the event the Company so elects, the Company will not be required to file or maintain in effect a registration statement, but the Company will be required to use its best efforts to register or qualify the shares under applicable blue sky laws to the extent an exemption is not available. The Public Warrants will expire five years after the completion of a Business Combination or earlier upon redemption or liquidation.

Once the warrants become exercisable, the Company may redeem the Public Warrants:

in whole and not in part;

at a price of $0.01 per warrant;

upon not less than 30 days’ prior written notice of redemption;

OSPREY TECHNOLOGY ACQUISITION CORP.

NOTES TO FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

DECEMBER 31, 2019

if, and only if, the reported last sale price of the Company’s Class A common stock equals or exceeds $18.00 per share for any 20 trading days within a30-trading day period ending three business days before the Company sends the notice of redemption to the warrant holders; and

If, and only if, there is a current registration statement in effect with respect to the shares of Class A common stock underlying such warrants.

The Private Placement Warrants are identical to the Public Warrants underlying the Units sold in the Initial Public Offering, except that the Private Placement Warrants and the Class A common stock issuable upon the exercise of the Private Placement Warrants will not be transferable, assignable or salable until 30 days after the completion of a Business Combination, subject to certain limited exceptions. Additionally, the Private Placement Warrants will be exercisable on a cashless basis and benon-redeemable so long as they are held by the initial purchasers or their permitted transferees. If the Private Placement Warrants are held by someone other than the initial purchasers or their permitted transferees, the Private Placement Warrants will be redeemable by the Company and exercisable by such holders on the same basis as the Public Warrants.

If the Company calls the Public Warrants for redemption, management will have the option to require all holders that wish to exercise the Public Warrants to do so on a “cashless basis,” as described in the warrant agreement. The exercise price and number of shares of Class A common stock issuable upon exercise of the warrants may be adjusted in certain circumstances including in the event of a stock dividend, or recapitalization, reorganization, merger or consolidation. Additionally, in no event will the Company be required to net cash settle the warrants.

If the Company issues additional shares of Class A common stock or equity-linked securities for capital raising purposes in connection with the closing of a Business Combination at a newly issued price of less than $9.20 per share of Class A common stock (with such issue price or effective issue price to be determined in good faith by the Company’s board of directors and, in the case of any such issuance to the Sponsor or its affiliates, without taking into account any Founder Shares held by them, as applicable, prior to such issuance), the exercise price of the Public Warrants will be adjusted (to the nearest cent) to be equal to 115% of the higher of the market value (as defined in the warrant agreement) and the newly issued price.

If the Company is unable to complete a Business Combination within the Combination Period and the Company liquidates the funds held in the Trust Account, holders of warrants will not receive any of such funds with respect to their warrants, nor will they receive any distribution from the Company’s assets held outside of the Trust Account with respect to such warrants. Accordingly, the warrants may expire worthless.

NOTE 8. INCOME TAX

The Company did not have any significant deferred tax assets or liabilities as of December 31, 2018. The provision for income taxes was deemed to be immaterial for the period from June 15, 2018 (inception) through December 31, 2018.

The Company’s net deferred tax asset at December 31, 2019 was as follows:

   December 31,
2019
 

Deferred tax asset

  

Unrealized loss on marketable securities held in Trust Account

  $1,361 
  

 

 

 

Total deferred tax asset

   1,361 

Valuation allowance

   —   
  

 

 

 

Deferred tax asset, net of allowance

  $1,361 
  

 

 

 

The income tax provision for the year ended December 31, 2019 consists of the following:

   December 31,
2019
 

Federal

  

Current

  $94,636 

Deferred

   (1,361

State

  

Current

  $—   

Deferred

   —   

Change in valuation allowance

   —   
  

 

 

 

Income tax provision

  $93,275 
  

 

 

 

OSPREY TECHNOLOGY ACQUISITION CORP.

NOTES TO FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

DECEMBER 31, 2019

As of December 31, 2019 and 2018, the Company did not have any U.S. federal and state net operating loss carryovers (“NOLs”) available to offset future taxable income.

In assessing the realization of the deferred tax assets, management considers whether it is more likely than not that some portion or all of the deferred tax assets will not be realized. The ultimate realization of deferred tax assets is dependent upon the generation of future taxable income during the periods in which temporary differences representing net future deductible amounts become deductible. Management considers the scheduled reversal of deferred tax liabilities, projected future taxable income and tax planning strategies in making this assessment.

A reconciliation of the federal income tax rate to the Company’s effective tax rate at December 31, 2019 is as follows:

December 31,
2019

Statutory federal income tax rate

21.0

State taxes, net of federal tax benefit

0.0

Income tax provision

21.0

The Company files income tax returns in the U.S. federal jurisdiction and in various state and local jurisdictions. The Company’s tax returns since inception remain open and subject to examination.

NOTE 9. FAIR VALUE MEASUREMENTS

The Company follows the guidance in ASC 820 for its financial assets and liabilities that arere-measured and reported at fair value at each reporting period, andnon-financial assets and liabilities that arere-measured and reported at fair value at least annually.

The fair value of the Company’s financial assets and liabilities reflects management’s estimate of amounts that the Company would have received in connection with the sale of the assets or paid in connection with the transfer of the liabilities in an orderly transaction between market participants at the measurement date. In connection with measuring the fair value of its assets and liabilities, the Company seeks to maximize the use of observable inputs (market data obtained from independent sources) and to minimize the use of unobservable inputs (internal assumptions about how market participants would price assets and liabilities). The following fair value hierarchy is used to classify assets and liabilities based on the observable inputs and unobservable inputs used in order to value the assets and liabilities:

Level 1:Quoted prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities. An active market for an asset or liability is a market in which transactions for the asset or liability occur with sufficient frequency and volume to provide pricing information on an ongoing basis.
Level 2:Observable inputs other than Level 1 inputs. Examples of Level 2 inputs include quoted prices in active markets for similar assets or liabilities and quoted prices for identical assets or liabilities in markets that are not active.
Level 3:Unobservable inputs based on the Company’s assessment of the assumptions that market participants would use in pricing the asset or liability.

The following table presents information about the Company’s assets that are measured at fair value on a recurring basis at December 31, 2019, and indicates the fair value hierarchy of the valuation inputs the Company utilized to determine such fair value:

Description

  Level   December 31,
2019
 

Assets:

    

Marketable securities held in Trust Account

   1   $316,958,514 

OSPREY TECHNOLOGY ACQUISITION CORP.

NOTES TO FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

DECEMBER 31, 2019

NOTE 10. SUBSEQUENT EVENTS

The Company evaluated subsequent events and transactions that occurred after the balance sheet date up to the date that the financial statements were issued. Based upon this review, the Company did not identify any subsequent events that would have required adjustment or disclosure in the financial statements.

Item 9.

CHANGES IN AND DISAGREEMENTS WITH ACCOUNTANTS ON ACCOUNTING AND FINANCIAL DISCLOSURE

None.

Item 9A.

CONTROLS AND PROCEDURES

Evaluation of Disclosure Controls and Procedures


Disclosure controls are procedures that are designed with the objective of ensuring that information required to be disclosed in our reports filed under the Exchange Act, such as this Annual Report, is recorded, processed, summarized, and reported within the time period specified in the SEC’s rules and forms. Disclosure controls are also designed with the objective of reasonably ensuring that such information is accumulated and communicated to our management, including the chief executive officer and chief financial officer, as appropriate to allow timely decisions regarding required disclosure. Our management evaluated, with the participation of our chief executive officerChief Executive Officer and chief financial officerChief Financial Officer (our “Certifying Officers”), the effectiveness of our disclosure controls and procedures as of December 31, 2019,2022, pursuant toRule 13a-15(b) under the Exchange Act. Based upon that evaluation, our Certifying Officers concluded that, as of December 31, 2019,2022, our disclosure controls and procedures were effective.

We do not expect that oureffective at a reasonable assurance level.


In designing and evaluating the disclosure controls and procedures, will prevent all errors and all instances of fraud. Disclosuremanagement recognized that controls and procedures, no matter how well conceiveddesigned and operated, can provide only reasonable not absolute, assurance thatof achieving the objectives of the disclosure controls and procedures are met.desired control objectives. Further, the design of disclosure controls and procedures must reflect the fact that there are resource constraints, and the benefits must be considered relative to their costs. Becausebecause of the inherent limitations in all disclosure controls and procedures,control systems, no evaluation of disclosure controls and procedures can provide absolute assurance that we have detectedmisstatements due to error or fraud will not occur or that all our control deficienciesissues and instances of fraud, if any. The designany, within the Company will be detected.

Management’s Report on Internal Control Over Financial Reporting

Our management, including our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, is responsible for establishing and maintaining adequate internal control over financial reporting, as defined in Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f) of disclosurethe Exchange Act. Our internal control over financial reporting is a process designed under the supervision of the Company’s Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, and effected by the Company’s board of directors, management, and other personnel, to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of our consolidated financial statements for external purposes in accordance with GAAP.

Because of its inherent limitations, internal control over financial reporting may not detect or prevent misstatements. Also, projections of any evaluation of the effectiveness to future periods are subject to risk that controls andmay become inadequate because of changes in conditions, or that the degree of compliance with the policies or procedures alsomay deteriorate.

As of December 31, 2022, our management assessed the effectiveness of our internal control over financial reporting based on the criteria for effective internal control over financial reporting established in Internal Control - Integrated Framework, issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission in 2013. Based on the assessment, management believes that we maintained effective internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2022, based on those criteria.

Attestation Report of the Registered Public Accounting Firm

Our independent registered public accounting firm is based partly on certain assumptions aboutnot required to formally attest to the likelihoodeffectiveness of future events, and there can be no assurance that any design will succeed in achieving its stated goals under all potential future conditions.

our internal control over financial reporting for as long as we are an “emerging growth company” pursuant to the provisions of the JOBS Act.



75


Changes in Internal Control Over Financial Reporting

During the most recently completed fiscal quarter, there have been


There was no changeschange in our internal control over financial reporting, (as defined in Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f) under the Exchange Act) during the year ended December 31, 2022 that havehas materially affected, or areis reasonably likely to materially affect, our internal control over financial reporting.

Management’s Report on Internal Controls Over Financial Reporting

This Annual Report does not include a report of management’s assessment regarding internal control over financial reporting or an attestation report of the Company’s registered public accounting firm due


ITEM 9B. OTHER INFORMATION

None.

ITEM 9C. DISCLOSURE REGARDING FOREIGN JURISDICTIONS THAT PREVENT INSPECTIONS

None.

PART III
ITEM 10. DIRECTORS, EXECUTIVE OFFICERS AND CORPORATE GOVERNANCE

We will provide information that is responsive to a transition period established by the rules of the SEC for newly public companies.

Item 9B.

OTHER INFORMATION

None.

PART III

Item 10.

DIRECTORS, EXECUTIVE OFFICERS, AND CORPORATE GOVERNANCE.

Directors and Executive Officers

Our directors and executive officers are as follows:

Name

Age

Title

Edward E. Cohen*

80

Co-Chairman and Director

Jonathan Z. Cohen*

49

Co-Chairman and Director

David DiDomenico

49

Chief Executive Officer, President and Director

Jeffrey F. Brotman

56

Chief Financial Officer, Chief Legal Officer and Secretary

William Fradin

37

Executive Vice President

Savneet Singh

36

Director

Robert B. Henske

58

Director

Richard Reiss, Jr.

75

Director

Robert B. Tinker

50

Director

*

Jonathan Z. Cohen is the son of Edward E. Cohen

Edward E. Cohen has been theCo-Chairman of our board of directors since June 2019. He has been Vice Chairman of Falcon Minerals Corporation (Nasdaq: FLMN), formerly Osprey Energy Acquisition Corp., since August 2018, and before that was Executive Chairman of Osprey Energy Acquisition Corp. from April 2017 to August 2018. Mr. Cohen has been Chief Executive Officer of Atlas Energy Group, LLC since February 2015 and President from February 2015 to April 2015, and before that was Chairman and Chief Executive Officer since February 2012. Mr. Cohen has been Executive Chairman and a Class A Director of Titan Energy, LLC since September 2016. Mr. Cohen has also served as Chairman of the board of directors and Chief Executive Officer of the general partner of Atlas Growth Partners, L.P. since its inception in 2013. Mr. Cohen also serves as Chairman of HEPCO Capital Management, LLC, a private investment firm making control investments in middle market companies and real estate, since its formation in September 2016. Mr. Cohen was the Chairman of the board of directors of the general partner of Atlas Energy, L.P. from its formation in January 2006 until February 2011, when he became its Chief Executive Officer and President until February 2015. Mr. Cohen served as the Chief Executive Officer of Atlas Energy’s general partner from its formation in January 2006 until February 2009. Mr. Cohen served on the executive committee of Atlas Energy’s general partner from 2006 until February 2015. From August 2015 to September 2016, Mr. Cohen was also Executive Chairman of Titan Energy’s predecessor, Atlas Resource Partners, L.P. Atlas Resource Partners and subsidiaries filed a voluntarypre-packaged plan under Chapter 11 in July 2016, which was confirmed and the companies emerged from Chapter 11 in September 2016. Mr. Cohen also was the Chairman of the board of directors and Chief Executive Officer of Atlas Energy, Inc. (formerly known as Atlas America, Inc.) from its organization in 2000 until February 2011, and also served as its President from September 2000 to October 2009. Mr. Cohen was the Executive Chair of the managing board of Atlas Pipeline Partners GP, LLC from its formation in 1999 until February 2015. Mr. Cohen was the Chief Executive Officer of Atlas Pipeline GP from 1999 to January 2009. Mr. Cohen was the Chairman of the Board and Chief Executive Officer of Atlas Energy Resources, LLC and its manager, Atlas Energy Management, Inc., from their formation in June 2006 until February 2011. In addition, Mr. Cohen was: a director of Resource America, Inc. (formerly a publicly traded specialized asset management company) from 1988 until September 2016 and its Chairman of the board of directors from 1990 until September 2016, and was its Chief Executive Officer from 1988 until 2004 and President from 2000 until 2003; Chairman of the board of Resource Capital Corp., now known as Exantas Capital Corp. (a publicly traded real estate investment trust) from its formation in 2005 until November 2009 and served on its board until September 2016; and Chairman of the board of directors of Brandywine Construction & Management, Inc. (a property management company) since 1994. Mr. Cohen is the father of Jonathan Z. Cohen. Mr. Cohen’s strong financial, real estate and technology-related industry experience enables Mr. Cohen to provide valuable perspective and provides us with decisive and effective leadership. Mr. Cohen’s extensive experience in founding, operating and managing public and private companies of varying size and complexity, including in and outside of technology-related industries, and his extensive experience in the areas of finance, strategy and mergers and acquisitions enable him to provide valuable expertise to us.

Jonathan Z. Cohen has been theCo-Chairman of our board of directors since June 2019, and before that was our Chief Executive Officer from September 2018 to June 2019. He has been the Chairman of Falcon Minerals Corporation (Nasdaq: FLMN), formerly Osprey Energy Acquisition Corp., since August 2018, and before that was a Director and Chief Executive Officer of Osprey Energy Acquisition Corp. from April 2017 to August 2018. Mr. Cohen also serves as CEO and Founder of HEPCO Capital Management, LLC, a private investment firm making control investments in middle market companies and real estate, since its formation in September 2016. Since April 2017, Mr. Cohen has served as a director of Energen Corporation. Previously, Mr. Cohen was CEO (from 2004 to September 2016) and President (from 2003 to September 2016) of Resource America, Inc., an asset manager investing in real estate, financial services and credit until its sale toC-III Capital Partners. Mr. Cohen alsoco-founded both Atlas Pipeline Partners, L.P., a midstream energy company that was sold to Targa Resources, Inc. in 2015, and Atlas Energy, Inc., an exploration and production company that was sold to Chevron Corporation in 2011. Mr. Cohen wasco-founder of the general partner of Arc Logistics Partners LP, and served as Chairman from 2006 until it was sold in December 2017 to Zenith Energy; and founder of Resource Capital Corp., now known as Exantas Capital Corp., a commercial mortgage REIT. Mr. Cohen currently serves as Executive Chairman of Atlas Energy Group, LLC and in connection therewith serves as Executive Vice Chairman and a Class A director of the board of Titan Energy, LLC and Executive Vice Chairman of Atlas Growth Partners, L.P., both affiliates of ATLS. From August 2015 to September 2016, Mr. Cohen was also Executive Vice Chairman of Titan Energy’s predecessor, Atlas Resource Partners, L.P. Atlas Resource Partners and subsidiaries filed a voluntarypre-packaged plan under Chapter 11 in July 2016, which was confirmed and the companies emerged from Chapter 11 in September 2016. Mr. Cohen’s philanthropic endeavors include his role as Chairman of the Executive Committee of Lincoln Center Theater, a Trustee of The American School of Classical Studies in Athens, Greece and Trustee of Arete Foundation, a private family foundation. Mr. Cohen is the son of Edward E. Cohen. Mr. Cohen’s involvement with public and private entities of varying size, complexity and focus, including in technology-related industries, and raising debt and equity for such entities, provides him with extensive experience and contacts that will be valuable to us. Additionally, among the reasons for his appointment as a director, Mr. Cohen’s financial, business and operational experience, as well as the experience that he has accumulated through his activities as a financier and investor, add strategic vision to the board of directors to assist with our ultimate business combination transaction.

David DiDomenicohas been our Chief Executive Officer and President since June 2019 and a member of our board of directors since July 2019. Since 2010, Mr. DiDomenico has been a partner at JANA Partners, an investment advisor based in New York City. From 2010 to 2019, Mr. DiDomenico served as theco-portfolio manager of the JANA Partners and Nirvana funds, each being long/short equity investment partnerships with a particular focus on companies undergoing value-creating corporate change. From 2005 to 2010, Mr. DiDomenico served as a managing director of new Mountain Capital and the portfolio manager of the New Mountain Vantage Fund. From 2002 to 2005, he was an associate portfolio manager at Neuberger Berman and a member of the investment team at Starwood Capital Group from 1999 to 2002. Mr. DiDomenico began his career in public market investing at Tiger Management in 1998. He holds an MBA from the Stanford University Graduate School of Business and an AB from Harvard College. We believe that Mr. DiDomenico’s experience investing in and analyzing technology and technology-related companies for over 20 years provides us with access to his extensive and unique expertise in fundamental business analysis as well as his broad professional relationships with technologists and investors.

Jeffrey F. Brotman has been our Chief Financial Officer, Chief Legal Officer and Secretary since July 2019. He has been the Chief Legal Officer and Secretary of Falcon Minerals Corporation (Nasdaq: FLMN), formerly Osprey Energy Acquisition Corp., since April 2017 and served as its Chief Financial Officer from April 2017 to June 2019. Mr. Brotman has been Vice Chairman and Chief Operating Officer of HEPCO Capital Management, LLC, a private investment firm making control investments in middle market companies and real estate, since its formation in September 2016. Mr. Brotman was Chief Operating Officer and Executive Vice President at Resource America, Inc., formerly a publicly-traded specialized asset management company, until September 2016. He joined Resource America in 2007, and while at Resource America also served as Executive Vice President of Resource Capital Corp., now known as Exantas Capital Corp., a publicly-traded real estate investment trust. He was also Chairman of the board of directors of Primary Capital Mortgage, Director of Leaf Commercial Capital and sat on various investment committees across all product lines. Mr. Brotman was the President and Chief Executive Officer of Access to Money, Inc., formerly TRM Corp., one of the world’s largestnon-bank ATM operators, from March 2006 to June 2007, and served as the Chairman of its board of directors from September 2006 through September 2008. Mr. Brotman was aco-founder, and served as Managing Member, of Ledgewood, PC, a Philadelphia based business law firm, from June 1992 to March 2006, and was of counsel until June 2007. He was a Trustee of Resource Real Estate Diversified Income Fund from its inception in March 2013 until September 2016. He has been an adjunct Professor of Law at the University of Pennsylvania Law School since 1990, where he has taught courses in accounting and lending transactions. He is also a Certified Public Accountant (currently inactive) and a licensed real estate broker.

William (Bill) Fradin has been our Executive Vice President since July 2019. Mr. Fradin has served as Managing Director andCo-Founder of HEPCO Capital Management, LLC, a private investment firm making control investments in middle market companies and real estate, since its formation in September 2016. He is Managing Partner and Founder of Seal Rock Partners, a private equity firm, since its formation in February 2015. Prior to founding Seal Rock Partners, from June 2007 to January 2015, Mr. Fradin was an investment professional at JLL Partners, a middle market private equity firm, and, from June 2005 to June 2007, he was an investment banker at Merrill Lynch & Co. Mr. Fradin holds an AB from Harvard College and an MBA from the Wharton School at the University of Pennsylvania.

Independent Directors

Savneet Singh has been a member of our board of directors since July 2019. Since December 2018, Mr. Singh has been President and Chief Executive Officer of Par Technology Corporation (NYSE: PAR), a publicly-traded provider of restaurant point of sale technology, where he has also been a member of the board of directors since April 2018. Mr. Singh is also a partner, since May 2018, of CoVenture, LLC, a multi-asset manager with funds in venture capital, direct lending and crypto currency. From 2017 to 2018, Mr. Singh served as the Managing Partner of Tera-Holdings, LLC., a holding company of niche software businesses that heco-founded. In 2009, Mr. Singhco-founded GBI, a financial software platform that allows investors to buy, trade and store physical precious metals. Prior to GBI, Mr. Singh was an investment analyst at Chilton Investment Company where he covered investments in the technology, alternative energy and infrastructure space. In 2018, Mr. Singh joined the board of directors of Blockchain Power Trust (TSXV: BPWR.UN; TEP.DB). He received his BS in Applied Economics and Management from Cornell University. We believe that Mr. Singh’s experience as an entrepreneur, investor and manager of software and technology companies allows him to bring unique insight and a strategic perspective to our company.

Robert (Brad) Henske has served as a member of our board of directors since July 2019. From 2007 to 2014, Mr. Henske served as a Managing Director at Hellman & Friedman LLC, a private equity firm focused on companies in the software, information services, media, professional services and financial services industries, where he also served as a Senior Advisor from 2014 to 2016. Before that, from 2005 to 2007, Mr. Henske served as Senior Vice President and General Manager of the Consumer Tax Group (Turbotax) of Intuit Inc. (Nasdaq: INTU). He also served as Intuit’s Chief Financial Officer from 2003 to 2005. From 2000 to 2002, Mr. Henske served as Chief Financial Officer of Synopsys Inc. (NYSE: SNPS), a software company. In the past 5 years, Mr. Henske served on the board of directors of Blackhawk Network Holdings, Inc. (Nasdaq: HAWK) until June 2018, and VeriFone Systems, Inc. (NYSE: PAY) until August 2018. We believe that Mr. Henske’s finance background and experience investing in and analyzing companies in various industries will allow him to add depth to our board of directors and ultimately assist with our eventual business combination transaction.

Richard (Rick) Reiss, Jr. has served as a member of our board of directors since July 2019. Since January 1997, Mr. Reiss has been Chairman of Georgica Advisors and its affiliated entities, Reiss Capital Management and Value Insight Partners, an investment management company. He is also the managing member of VIP GP LLC. From 1978 until 1997, Mr. Reiss was a Managing Partner of Cumberland Associates and its affiliates. He is currently the lead independent director of the Lazard Funds. Mr. Reiss is Chairman of the Reiss Center on Law & Security at New York University School of Law, Chairman of the Executive Committee of The New York Historical Society and is a member of the President’s Leadership Council at Dartmouth College. He graduated from Dartmouth College and New York University School of Law. We believe that Mr. Reiss is well-qualified to serve on our board of directors due to his extensive experience in finance and investment management, along with the many contacts he has made over his storied career.

Robert (Bob) Tinker has served as a member of our board of directors since July 2019. He is a founding partner of Metamorph Partners, a startup private equity firm. From 2008 to 2016, Mr. Tinker was founding CEO and a director of MobileIron, a technology company focused on enterprise security. His leadership culminated in its initial public offering in June 2014. Prior to founding MobileIron, from August 2002 to January 2005, Mr. Tinker was the Vice President of Business Development at Airespace, an enterprise wireless pioneer which was acquired by Cisco in 2005, where he continued to lead the business development team for Cisco’s wireless business unit. Before that, Mr. Tinker was Director of Marketing at Vertical Networks from August 1998 to August 2002 and Vice President at NationsBank from 1992 to 1996, with roles in IT, sales, product management and operations. Heco-authored the book series,Survival to Thrival: The Enterprise Startup Guide, and his second book,Change or Be Changed,was released in July 2019. Since 2002, he has served as a Trustee and Foundation Board Member for the recently-opened University of California at Merced. He has a BS in Systems Engineering from the University of Virginia and an MBA from the Stanford University Graduate School of Business. We believe that Mr. Tinker is well qualified to be on our board of directors based on his extensive experience with technology and business development in the software and cloud computing industries.

Number and Terms of Office of Officers and Directors

Our board of directors is divided into three classes with only one class of directors being elected in each year and each class serving a three-year term. We may not hold an annual meeting of stockholders until after we consummate our initial business combination. The term of office of the first class of directors, consisting of Messrs. DiDomenico and Singh, will expire at our first annual meeting of stockholders. The term of office of the second class of directors, consisting of Messrs. E. Cohen and Reiss, will expire at the second annual meeting of stockholders. The term of office of the third class of directors, consisting of Messrs. J. Cohen, Henske and Tinker, will expire at the third annual meeting of stockholders.

Our officers are elected by the board of directors and serve at the discretion of the board of directors, rather than for specific terms of office. Our board of directors is authorized to appoint persons to the offices set forththis Item 10 in our bylaws as it deems appropriate.

Delinquent Section 16(a) Reports

Section 16(a) of the Exchange Act requires our executive officers and directors, and persons who own more than ten percent of any publicly traded class of our equity securities, to file reports of ownership and changes in ownership of equity securities of the Company with the SEC. Officers, directors, andgreater-than-ten-percent stockholders are required by the SEC’s regulations to furnish the Company with copies of all Section 16(a) forms that they file.

Based solely upon a review of Forms 3 and Forms 4 furnished to the Company during the most recent fiscal year, and Forms 5 with respect to its most recent fiscal year, we believe that all such forms required to be filed pursuant to Section 16(a) of the Exchange Act were timely filed by the officers, directors, and security holders required to file the same during the fiscal year ended December 31, 2019.

Board Committees

Audit Committee

Subject tophase-in rules and a limited exception, the rules of the NYSE and Rule 10A of the Exchange Act require that the audit committee of a listed company consist of at least three members and be comprised solely of independent directors. We have established an audit committee of the board of directors, which consists of Messrs. Reiss, Henske and Singh. Messrs. Reiss, Henske and Singh each meet the independent director standard under the NYSE’s listing standards and under Rule10A-3(b)(1) of the Exchange Act and our board of directors has determined that Messrs. Henske and Singh each qualify as an “audit committee financial expert” as defined in applicable SEC rules. Mr. Reiss serves as Chairman of our audit committee. The Audit Committee Charter is available on our website, osprey-technology.com.

The audit committee’s duties, which are specified in our Audit Committee Charter, include, but are not limited to:

the appointment, compensation, retention, replacement, and oversight of the work of the independent auditors and any other independent registered public accounting firm engaged by us;

pre-approving all audit andnon-audit services to be provided by the independent auditors or any other registered public accounting firm engaged by us, and establishingpre-approval policies and procedures;

reviewing and discussing with the independent auditors all relationships the auditors have with us in order to evaluate their continued independence;

setting clear hiring policies for employees or former employees of the independent auditors;

setting clear policies for audit partner rotation in compliance with applicable laws and regulations;

obtaining and reviewing a report, at least annually, from the independent auditors describing (i) the independent auditor’s internal quality-control procedures and (ii) any material issues raised by the most recent internal quality-control review, or peer review, of the audit firm, or by any inquiry or investigation by governmental or professional authorities, within, the preceding five years respecting one or more independent audits carried out by the firm and any steps taken to deal with such issues;

reviewing and approving any related party transaction required to be disclosed pursuant to Item 404 of RegulationS-K promulgated by the SEC prior to us entering into such transaction; and

reviewing with management, the independent auditors, and our legal advisors, as appropriate, any legal, regulatory or compliance matters, including any correspondence with regulators or government agencies and any employee complaints or published reports that raise material issues regarding our financial statements or accounting policies and any significant changes in accounting standards or rules promulgated by the Financial Accounting Standards Board, the SEC or other regulatory authorities.

Compensation Committee

We have established a compensation committee of the board of directors, which consists of Messrs. Tinker and Reiss. Under the NYSE listing standards and applicable SEC rules, we are required to have at least two members of the compensation committee, all of whom must be independent. Messrs. Tinker and Reiss meet the independent director standard under the NYSE listing standards and applicable SEC rules. Mr. Tinker serves as Chairman of our compensation committee. The Compensation Committee Charter is available on our website, osprey-technology.com.

The compensation committee’s duties, which are specified in our Compensation Committee Charter, include, but are not limited to:

reviewing and approving on an annual basis the corporate goals and objectives relevant to our Chief Executive Officer’s compensation, if any, evaluating our Chief Executive Officer’s performance in light of such goals and objectives and determining and approving the remuneration (if any) of our Chief Executive Officer’s based on such evaluation;

reviewing and recommending to the board of directors the compensation, if any, of all of our other executive officers;

reviewing our executive compensation policies and plans;

implementing and administering our incentive compensation equity-based remuneration plans;

assisting management in complying with ourdefinitive proxy statement and annual report disclosure requirements;

approving all special perquisites, special cash payments and other special compensation and benefit arrangements for our executive officers and employees;

producing a report on executive compensation to be included2023 Annual Meeting of Stockholders or in our annual proxy statement; and

reviewing, evaluating and recommending changes, if appropriate, to the remuneration for directors.

The charter also provides that the compensation committee may, in its sole discretion, retain or obtain the advice of a compensation consultant, legal counsel or other adviser and will be directly responsible for the appointment, compensation and oversight of the work of any such adviser. However, before engaging or receiving advice from a compensation consultant, external legal counsel or any other adviser, the compensation committee will consider the independence of each such adviser, including the factors required by the NYSE and the SEC.

Nominating and Corporate Governance Committee

We have established a nominating and corporate governance committee of the board of directors, which consists of Messrs. Henske and Tinker, both of whom meet the independent director standard under the NYSE listing standards and applicable SEC rules. Mr. Henske serves as Chairman of our nominating and corporate governance committee. The Nominating and Corporate Governance Committee Charter is available on our website, osprey-technology.com.

The nominating and corporate governance committee’s duties, which are specified in our Nominating and Corporate Governance Committee Charter, include, but are not limited to:

identifying, screening and reviewing individuals qualified to serve as directors and recommending to the board of directors candidates for nomination for election at the annual meeting of stockholders or to fill vacancies on the board of directors;

developing, recommending to the board of directors and overseeing implementation of our corporate governance guidelines;

coordinating and overseeing the annual self-evaluation of the board of directors, its committees, individual directors and management in the governance of the Company; and

reviewing on a regular basis our overall corporate governance and recommending improvements as and when necessary.

Code of Conduct and Ethics

We have adopted a code of conduct and ethics applicable to our directors, officers and employees in accordance with applicable federal securities laws, a copy of which is attached as an exhibitamendment to this Annual Report. Report on Form 10-K not later than 120 days after December 31, 2022. Such information is incorporated into this Item 10 by reference.


ITEM 11. EXECUTIVE COMPENSATION

We will make a printed copyprovide information that is responsive to this Item 11 in our definitive proxy statement for our 2023 Annual Meeting of our code of conduct and ethics availableStockholders or in an amendment to any stockholder who so requests. Requests for a printed copy may be directed to us as follows: Osprey Technology Acquisition Corp., 1845 Walnut Street, Suite 1111, Philadelphia, PA 19103, Attention: Secretary.

Item 11.

EXECUTIVE COMPENSATION.

Compensation Discussion and Analysis

None of our executive officers or directors has received any compensation (cash ornon-cash) for services rendered. this Annual Report on Form 10-K not later than 120 days after December 31, 2022. Such information is incorporated into this Item 11 by reference.


ITEM 12. SECURITY OWNERSHIP OF CERTAIN BENEFICIAL OWNERS AND MANAGEMENT AND RELATED STOCKHOLDER MATTERS

We will not pay compensationprovide information that is responsive to this Item 12 in our definitive proxy statement for our 2023 Annual Meeting of any kind, including finder’s and consulting fees, to holders of founder shares, executive officers and directors, or any of their respective affiliates, for services rendered prior toStockholders or in connection with the consummationan amendment to this Annual Report on Form 10-K not later than 120 days after December 31, 2022. Such information is incorporated into this Item 12 by reference.

ITEM 13. CERTAIN RELATIONSHIPS AND RELATED TRANSACTIONS, AND DIRECTOR INDEPENDENCE

We will provide information that is responsive to this Item 13 in our definitive proxy statement for our 2023 Annual Meeting of Stockholders or in an initial business combination otheramendment to this Annual Report on Form 10-K not later than (i) repayment of loans made120 days after December 31, 2022. Such information is incorporated into this Item 13 by reference.

ITEM 14. PRINCIPAL ACCOUNTANT FEES AND SERVICES

Information about aggregate fees billed to us by our sponsor to cover initial public offering-relating and organization expenses, (ii) repayment of loans that our sponsor, members of our management team or any of their respective affiliates or other third parties may make to finance transaction costs in connection with an intended initial business combination (provided that if we do not consummate an initial business combination, we may use working capital held outside the trust account to repay such loaned amounts, but no proceeds from the trust account may be used for such repayment), (iii) payments to our sponsor or its affiliate of a total of $10,000 per month for office space, utilities, secretarial support and administrative services, and (iv) to reimburse for anyout-of-pocket expenses related to identifying, investigation and completing an initial business combination. Our audit committee reviews on a quarterly basis all payments that were made to our sponsor, officers, directors or our or any of their affiliates.

After the consummation of our initial business combination, directors or members of our management team who remain in one of those capacities may be paid director, consulting, management or other fees from the combined company with any and all amounts being fully disclosed to stockholders, to the extent then known, in the tender offer materials or proxy solicitation materials furnished to our stockholders in connection with a proposed business combination. It is unlikely the amount of such compensationprincipal accountant, Deloitte & Touche LLP (PCAOB ID No. 34) will be known at the time, as it will be up to the directors of the post-combination business to determine executive and director compensation.

Any compensation to be paid to our executive officers will be determined by a compensation committee constituted solely by independent directors.

We do not intend to take any action to ensure that members of our management team maintain their positions with us after the consummation of our initial business combination, although it is possible that some or all of our executive officers and directors may negotiate employment or consulting arrangements to remain with us after the initial business combination. The existence or terms of any such employment or consulting arrangements may influence our management’s motivation in identifying or selecting a target business although we do not believe that the ability of our management to remain with us after the consummation of an initial business combination will be a determining factorpresented in our decisiondefinitive proxy statement for our 2023 Annual Meeting of Stockholders or in an amendment to proceed with any potential business combination. Wethis Annual Report on Form 10-K not later than 120 days after December 31, 2022. Such information is incorporated into this Item 14 by reference.


76


PART IV
ITEM 15. EXHIBIT AND FINANCIAL STATEMENT SCHEDULES
1. and 2. Financial Statements and Financial Statement Schedules
The consolidated financial statements and financial statement schedules of BlackSky required by Part II, Item 8, are not party to any agreements with our executive officers and directors that provide for benefits upon termination of employment.

Compensation Committee Interlocks and Insider Participation

None of our executive officers currently serves andincluded in the past year has not served as a member of the board of directors or compensation committee of any entity that has one or more executive officers serving on our board of directors, except that each of Messrs. Edward Cohen and Jonathan Cohen serve as directors and executive officers of us and have served in the past year as executive officers and/or directors of Atlas Energy Group, LLC, Titan Energy, LLC and Atlas Growth Partners GP, LLC, and each of Messrs. Edward Cohen and Jonathan Cohen have served in the past year as executive officers and/or directors of Osprey Energy.

Item 12.

SECURITY OWNERSHIP OF CERTAIN BENEFICIAL OWNERS AND MANAGEMENT AND RELATED STOCKHOLDER MATTERS.

The following table sets forth information regarding the beneficial ownership of our common stock as of March 6, 2020, by:

each person known by us to be the beneficial owner of more than 5% of our outstanding shares of common stock;

each of our named executive officers and directors that beneficially owns shares of our common stock; and

all our executive officers and directors as a group.

The table below represents beneficial ownership of Class A common stock, Class B common stock and Class A common stock and Class B common stock voting together as a single class, and is reported in accordance with the beneficial ownership rules of the SEC under which a person is deemed to be the beneficial owner of a security if that person has or shares voting power or investment power with respect to such security or has the right to acquire such ownership within 60 days. The table does not reflect record or beneficial ownership of any outstanding warrants as no warrants are exercisable within 60 days.

The beneficial ownership of the Company’s voting common stock is based on 31,625,000 shares of Class A common stock outstanding and 7,906,250 shares of Class B common stock outstanding, except as otherwise indicated.

Unless otherwise indicated, we believe that all persons named in the table have sole voting and investment power with respect to all shares of common stock beneficially owned by them.

   Class A Common Stock
   Class B Common Stock  Combined Voting
Power
(2)
 

Name and Address of Beneficial Owners

  Number   % of class   Number   % of class  Number   % of class 

Directors and Executive Officers:(1)

           

Edward E. Cohen

   —      —      —      —     —      —   

Jonathan Z. Cohen(3)

   —      —      7,906,250    100.0  7,906,250    20.0

David DiDomenico

   —      —      —      —     —      —   

Jeffrey F. Brotman

   —      —      —      —     —      —   

William Fradin

   —      —      —      —     —      —   

Savneet Singh

   —      —      —      —     —      —   

Robert Henske

   —      —      —      —     —      —   

Richard Reiss, Jr.

   —      —      —      —     —      —   

Robert Tinker

   —      —      —      —     —      —   

All directors and executive officers as a group (nine individuals)

   —      —      7,906,250    100.0  7,906,250    20.0

   Class A Common Stock  Class B Common Stock  Combined Voting
Power(2)
 

Name and Address of Beneficial Owners

  Number   % of class  Number   % of class  Number   % of class 

5% or Greater Beneficial Owners:

          

Osprey Sponsor II, LLC(3)

   —      —     7,906,250    100.0  7,906,250    20.0

HGC Investment Management Inc.(4)

   2,499,900    7.9  —      —     2,499,900    6.3

BlueCrest Capital Management Limited(5)

   2,475,000    7.8  —      —     2,475,000    6.3

Magnetar Financial LLC(6)

   2,000,000    6.3  —      —     2,000,000    5.1

Polar Asset Management Partners Inc.(7)

   2,599,900    8.2  —      —     2,599,900    6.6

*

Less than 1 percent.

1.

Unless otherwise noted, the business address of each of the persons and entities listed above is 1845 Walnut Street, Suite 1111, Philadelphia, PA 19103.

2.

Represents the percentage of voting power of our Class A common stock and Class B common stock voting together as a single class.

3.

Osprey Sponsor II, LLC, our sponsor, is the record holder of the shares reported herein. Jonathan Z. Cohen,our Co-Chairman, is the Manager of our sponsor and is deemed to have voting and dispositive power over the shares held by it.

4.

Based on information contained in a Schedule 13G filed on February 14, 2020 by HGC Investment Management Inc. (“HGC Management”). HGC Management serves as the investment manager of HGC Arbitrage Fund LP (“HGC Fund”) with respect to the shares of Class A common stock held by HGC Management on behalf of the HGC Fund. The business address of HGC Management is 366 Adelaide, Suite 601, Toronto, Ontario, M5V 1R9 Canada.

5.

Shares beneficially owned are based on a Schedule 13G filed with the SEC on November 08, 2019 by BlueCrest Capital Management Limited and Michael Platt (collectively, the BlueCrest Parties”). BlueCrest Capital Management Limited serves as the investment manager to BSMA Limited (the “Fund”). Mr. Platt serves as principal, director and control person of BlueCrest Capital Management Limited. According to the Schedule 13G, each of the BlueCrest Parties has shared voting and shared dispositive power over the 2,475,000 shares held for the account of the Fund. The address of each of the BlueCrest Parties is Ground Floor, Harbour Reach, La Rue de Carteret, St Helier, Jersey, Channel Islands, JE2 4HR.

6.

Based on information contained in a Schedule 13G filed on February 13, 2020, Magnetar Financial LLC (“Magnetar Financial”) shares voting and investment power with Magnetar Capital Partners LP (“Magnetar Capital Partners”), Supernova Management LLC (“Supernova Management”) and Alec N. Litowitz. Magnetar Financial serves as the investment adviser to each of Magnetar Constellation Master Fund, Ltd, Magnetar Constellation Fund II, Ltd, Magnetar Xing He Master Fund Ltd, Magnetar SC Fund Ltd, Magnetar Capital Master Fund Ltd and Magnetar Structured Credit Fund, LP (collectively, the “Magnetar Funds”), and as such, Magnetar Financial exercises voting and investment power over the shares of Class A common stock held for the Magnetar Funds’ accounts. Magnetar Capital Partners serves as the sole member and parent holding company of Magnetar Financial. Supernova Management is the general partner of Magnetar Capital Partners. The manager of Supernova Management is Mr. Litowitz. The business address of each reporting person is 1603 Orrington Avenue, 13th Floor, Evanston, Illinois 60201.

7.

Based on information contained in a Schedule 13G filed with the SEC on February 12, 2020 by Polar Asset Management Partners Inc. Polar Asset Management Partners Inc. serves as the investment manager to Polar Multi Strategy Master Fund, a Cayman Islands exempted company (“PMSMF”) and certain managed accounts (together with PMSMF, the “Polar Vehicles”), with respect to the shares of Class A common stock directly held by the Polar Vehicles. The address of Polar Asset Management Partners Inc. is 401 Bay Street, Suite 1900, PO Box 19, Toronto, Ontario M5H 2Y4, Canada.

Item 13.

CERTAIN RELATIONSHIPS AND RELATED TRANSACTIONS, AND DIRECTOR INDEPENDENCE.

Founder Shares

In June 2018, our sponsor purchased 125,000 founder shares for an aggregate purchase price of $25,000. We effectuated a69-for-1 forward stock split in September 2018. In April 2019, our sponsor contributed back to us for no consideration 1,437,500 shares of common stock. In October 2019, we effected a 1.1 for 1 stock dividend for each share of Class B common stock outstanding, and, as a result, our sponsor holds 7,906,250 founder shares as of the datePart IV of this Annual Report. report. See Index to Consolidated Financial Statements and Financial Statement Schedules beginning on Page F-1.

3. Exhibits
The number of founder shares was determined based on the expectation that the founder shares would represent 20% of our issued and outstanding shares after the initial public

offering. The founder shares represent 100% of our issued and outstanding shares of Class B common stock. The founder shares will automatically convert into Class A common stock upon the consummation of a business combination on aone-for-one basis, subject to adjustments. Our sponsor is collectively owneddocuments listed below are incorporated by our officers and directors.

The sponsor has agreed not to transfer, assignreference or sell any of the founder shares until the earlier of (i) one year after the completion of our initial business combination, (ii) the last sales price of our Class A common stock equals or exceeds $12.00 per share (as adjusted for stock splits, stock dividends, reorganizations, recapitalizations and the like) for any 20 trading days within any30-trading day period commencing at least 150 days after our initial business combination, and (iii) the date following the completion of our initial business combination on which we complete a liquidation, merger, capital stock exchange, reorganization or other similar transaction that resultsare filed with this report, in all of our public stockholders having the right to exchange their shares of common stock for cash, securities or other property.

Private Placement

Simultaneously with the initial public offering, our sponsor purchased an aggregate of 7,500,000 private placement warrants at $1.00 per private placement warrant for an aggregate purchase price of $7,500,000. On November 13, 2019, we consummated the sale of an additional 825,000 private placement warrants at a price of $1.00 per private placement warrant, which were purchased by our sponsor, generating gross proceeds of $825,000. Each private placement warrant is exercisable to purchase one share of Class A common stock at an exercise price of $11.50 per share. The proceeds from the private placement warrants were added to the proceeds from the initial public offering held in the trust account. If we do not complete a business combination within the combination period, the proceeds of the sale of the private placement warrants will be used to fund the redemption of the public shares (subjecteach case as indicated therein.

Exhibit No.Exhibit DescriptionFormSEC File No.Exhibit No.Filing DateFiled or Furnished Herewith
2.1†424(b)(3)333-256103Annex AAugust 11, 2021
3.18-K001-391133.1September 15, 2021
3.28-K001-391133.2September 15, 2021
4.1S-3333-2678894.1October 14, 2022
4.2S-3333-2678894.3October 14, 2022
4.3S-1333-2341804.2October 11, 2019
4.48-K001-391134.4November 5, 2019
4.5X
4.68-K001-391134.1March 9, 2023
10.18-K001-3911310.4November 5, 2019
10.2+424(b)(3)333-256103Annex EAugust 11, 2021
10.3+424(b)(3)333-256103Annex FAugust 11, 2021
10.4+X
10.5+8-K001-3911310.4September 15, 2021
10.6S-4333-25610310.10May 13, 2021
10.78-K001-3911310.3February 22, 2021
10.8424(b)(3)333-256103Annex HAugust 11, 2021
10.98-K001-3911310.5February 22, 2021
10.108-K001-3911310.1February 22, 2021
10.11+S-4/A333-25610310.15June 25, 2021
10.12+8-K001-3911310.1August 18, 2021
10.13+8-K001-3911310.2August 18, 2021
10.14+8-K001-3911310.3August 18, 2021
10.15+8-K001-3911310.4August 18, 2021

77


Exhibit No.Exhibit DescriptionFormSEC File No.Exhibit No.Filing DateFiled or Furnished Herewith
10.16+8-K001-3911310.5August 18, 2021
10.17S-4/A333-25610310.17June 25, 2021
10.18S-4/A333-25610310.18June 25, 2021
10.19S-4/A333-25610310.19June 25, 2021
10.20S-4/A333-25610310.20June 25, 2021
10.218-K001-3911399.2September 1, 2021
10.228-K001-3911310.3February 22, 2021
10.238-K001-3911310.5September 15, 2021
10.24S-1333-26045810.25October 25, 2021
10.25+8-K001-3911310.6August 18, 2021
10.26+S-8333-2617784.4December 20, 2021
10.27+S-8333-2617784.5December 20, 2021
10.28+S-8333-2617784.7December 20, 2021
10.29+S-8333-2617784.8December 20, 2021
10.30+S-8333-2617784.9December 20, 2021
10.31+S-8333-2617784.6December 20, 2021
10.32+S-8333-2617784.4March 4, 2022
10.33+10-K001-3911310.34March 31, 2022
10.34+10-Q001-3911310.3August 10, 2022
10.35+10-Q001-3911310.2August 10, 2022
10.36†10-Q001-3911310.1August 10, 2022
10.378-K001-391131.1December 15, 2022

78


Exhibit No.Exhibit DescriptionFormSEC File No.Exhibit No.Filing DateFiled or Furnished Herewith
10.388-K001-3911310.1March 9, 2023
10.398-K001-3911310.2March 9, 2023
16.18-K001-3911316.1September 15, 2021
21.1X
23.1X
24.1X
31.1X
31.2X
32.1*X
32.2*X
101.INSInline XBRL Instance DocumentX
101.SCHInline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Schema DocumentX
101.CALInline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Calculation Linkbase DocumentX
101.DEFInline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Definition Linkbase DocumentX
101.LABInline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Label Linkbase DocumentX
101.PREInline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Presentation Linkbase DocumentX
104Cover Page Interactive Data File (formatted as Inline XBRL and contained in Exhibit 101)X
________________
+    Indicates management contract or compensatory plan.
† Certain portions of this exhibit have been omitted in accordance with Regulation S-K Item 601. The Registrant agrees to furnish an unredacted copy of the exhibit to the SEC upon request.
 * The certifications attached as Exhibit 32.1 and 32.2 that accompany this Annual Report on Form 10-K are not deemed filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission and are not to be incorporated by reference into any filing of the Registrant under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, or the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, whether made before or after the date of this Annual Report on Form 10-K, irrespective of any general incorporation language contained in such filing.
ITEM 16. FORM 10-K SUMMARY

None.


79


ITEM 16A. SIGNATURES
SIGNATURES
Pursuant to the requirements of applicable law) and the private placement warrants will expire worthless. There will be no redemption rightsSection 13 or liquidating distributions from the trust account with respect to the private placement warrants. The private placement warrants (including the Class A common stock issuable upon exercise of the private placement warrants) may not, subject to certain limited exceptions, be transferred, assigned or sold until 30 days after the completion of our initial business combination.

Advances from Related Party

Our sponsor, officers and directors or any of their respective affiliates will be reimbursed for anyout-of-pocket expenses incurred in connection with activities on our behalf such as identifying potential target businesses and performing due diligence on suitable business combinations. Our audit committee will review on a quarterly basis all payments that were made to our sponsor, officers, directors or our or any of their affiliates and will determine which expenses and the amount of expenses that will be reimbursed. There is no cap or ceiling on the reimbursement ofout-of-pocket expenses incurred by such persons in connection with activities on our behalf.

Promissory Note – Related Party

Prior to the closing of the initial public offering, our sponsor loaned us a total of $224,992 under a promissory note to be used for the payment of costs related to the initial public offering. The promissory note wasnon-interest bearing, unsecured and due on the earlier of December 31, 2019 or the completion of the initial public offering. The promissory note was repaid in full upon the consummation of the initial public offering on November 5, 2019.

Related Party Loans

In order to finance transaction costs in connection with an intended initial business combination, our sponsor, an affiliate of our sponsor or certain of our officers and directors may, but are not obligated to, loan us funds from time to time, as may be required. If we complete our initial business combination, we would repay such loaned amounts. In the event that our initial business combination does not close, we may use a portion of the working capital held outside the trust account to repay such loaned amounts but no proceeds from our trust account would be used for such repayment. If such funds are insufficient to repay the loan amounts, the unpaid amounts would be forgiven. Up to $1,500,000 of such loans may be convertible into warrants of the post business combination entity at a price of $1.00 per warrant at the option of the lender. The warrants would be identical to the private placement warrants issued to our sponsor. The terms of such loans by our sponsor, an affiliate of our sponsor or certain of our officers and directors, if any, have not been determined and no written agreements exist with respect to such loans. There were no working capital loans outstanding as of December 31, 2019.

Registration Rights

Pursuant to a registration rights agreement entered into on October 31, 2019, the sponsor and holders of warrants (and their underlying securities) issued upon conversion of working capital loans, if any, are entitled to registration rights (in the case of the founder shares, only after conversion to Class A common stock). The holders will be entitled to make up to three demands, excluding short form

demands, that we register such securities. In addition, the holders will have certain “piggy-back” registration rights with respect to registration statements filed subsequent to the completion of a business combination and rights to require us to register for resale such securities pursuant to Rule 415 under the Securities Act. However, the registration rights agreement provides that we will not permit any registration statement filed under the Securities Act to become effective until termination of the applicablelock-up period. We will bear the expenses incurred in connection with the filing of any such registration statements.

Administrative Services

Commencing on November 1, 2019, we pay an amount equal to $10,000 per month to our sponsor or its affiliate for office space, utilities, secretarial support and administrative services provided to us.

Trust Account Indemnification

Mr. Jonathan Cohen has agreed that he will be liable to us if and to the extent any claims by a vendor for services rendered or products sold to us, or a prospective target business with which we have discussed entering into a definitive agreement for a business combination, reduce the amount of funds in the trust account to below (i) $10.00 per public share or (ii) such lesser amount per public share held in the trust account as of the date of the liquidation of the trust account due to reductions in the value of the trust assets, in each case net of the interest which may be withdrawn to pay our franchise and income taxes, except as to any claims by a third party who executed a waiver of any and all rights to seek access to the trust account and except as to any claims under our indemnity of the underwriters of the initial public offering against certain liabilities, including liabilities under the Securities Act. Moreover, in the event that an executed waiver is deemed to be unenforceable against a third party, Mr. Cohen will not be responsible to the extent of any liability for such third party claims. We have not independently verified whether Mr. Cohen has sufficient funds to satisfy his indemnity obligation. We have not asked Mr. Cohen to reserve for such eventuality. We believe the likelihood of Mr. Cohen having to indemnify the trust account is limited because we endeavor to have all vendors and prospective target businesses as well as other entities execute agreements with us waiving any right, title, interest or claim of any kind in or to monies held in the trust account.

Conflicts of Interest

Our sponsor, officers and directors may become involved with subsequent special purpose acquisition companies similar to our company, although our sponsor, officers andnon-independent directors have agreed not to participate in the formation of, or become an officer or director of, any special purpose acquisition company formed for the purpose of effecting a business combination with one or more businesses in the technology industry with a class of securities registered under the Exchange Act until we have entered into a definitive agreement regarding our initial business combination or we have failed to complete our initial business combination by November 5, 2021. Potential investors should also be aware of the following other potential conflicts of interest:

None of our officers or directors is required to commit his or her full time to our affairs and, accordingly, may have conflicts of interest in allocating his or her time among various business activities.

In the course of their other business activities, our officers and directors may become aware of investment and business opportunities which may be appropriate for presentation to us as well as the other entities with which they are affiliated. Our management may have conflicts of interest in determining to which entity a particular business opportunity should be presented.

Our sponsor has agreed to waive its redemption rights with respect to its founder shares and any public shares in connection with the consummation of our initial business combination. Our directors and officers have agreed to waive the redemption rights with respect to public shares acquired by them (if any) following the initial public offering. Additionally, our sponsor agreed to waive its redemption rights with respect to its founder shares if we fail to consummate our initial business combination by November 5, 2021. If we do not complete our initial business combination within such applicable time period, the proceeds of the sale of the private placement warrants will be used to fund the redemption of our public shares, and the private placement warrants will expire worthless. With certain limited exceptions, the founder shares will not be transferable, assignable or salable by our sponsor until the earlier of: (i) one year after the completion of our initial business combination; and (ii) the date on which we consummate a liquidation, merger, capital stock exchange, reorganization, or other similar transaction after our initial business combination that results in all of our stockholders having the right to exchange their shares of common stock for cash, securities or other property. Notwithstanding the foregoing, if the last sale price of our common stock equals or exceeds $12.00 per share (as adjusted for stock splits, stock dividends, reorganizations, recapitalizations and the like) for any 20 trading days within any30-trading day period commencing at least 150 days after our initial business combination, the founder shares will be released from thelock-up. With certain limited exceptions, the private placement warrants and the common stock underlying such warrants, will not be

transferable, assignable or salable by our sponsor until 30 days after the completion of our initial business combination. Due to the affiliation of our officers and certain of our directors with our sponsor and since our sponsor owns common stock and warrants, our officers and directors may have a conflict of interest in determining whether a particular target business is an appropriate business with which to effectuate our initial business combination.

Our key personnel may negotiate employment or consulting agreements with a target business in connection with a particular business combination. These agreements may provide for them to receive compensation following our initial business combination and as a result, may cause them to have conflicts of interest in determining whether to proceed with a particular business combination.

Our key personnel may have a conflict of interest with respect to evaluating a particular business combination if the retention or resignation of any such key personnel was included by a target business as a condition to any agreement with respect to our initial business combination.

The conflicts described above may not be resolved in our favor.

In general, officers and directors of a corporation incorporated under the laws of the State of Delaware are required to present business opportunities to a corporation if:

the corporation could financially undertake the opportunity;

the opportunity is within the corporation’s line of business; and

it would not be fair to the corporation and its stockholders for the opportunity not to be brought to the attention of the corporation.

We are not prohibited from pursuing an initial business combination with a company that is affiliated with our sponsor, officers or directors. In the event we seek to complete our initial business combination with such a company, we, or a committee of independent and disinterested directors, would obtain an opinion from an independent investment banking firm which is a member of FINRA or from an independent accounting firm, that such an initial business combination is fair to our company from a financial point of view. Commencing on November 1, 2019, we have paid an amount equal to $10,000 per month to our sponsor or its affiliate for office space, utilities, secretarial support and administrative services provided to us. We may also make payments to personnel affiliated with our sponsor, or reimburse affiliates of our sponsor for the use of personnel, who are not our directors or executive officers, for services related to identifying, investigating and completing an initial business combination.

In addition, our sponsor or any of its affiliates may make additional investments in the company in connection with the initial business combination, although our sponsor and its affiliates have no obligation or current intention to do so. If our sponsor or any of its affiliates elects to make additional investments, such proposed investments could influence our sponsor’s motivation to complete an initial business combination.

In the event that we submit our initial business combination to our public stockholders for a vote, our sponsor has agreed to vote its founder shares and any public shares it may acquire during or after the initial public offering in favor of our initial business combination, and our officers and directors have also agreed to vote public shares purchased by them (if any) during or after the initial public offering in favor of our initial business combination.

Director Independence

NYSE listing standards require that a majority of our board of directors be independent. An “independent director” is defined generally as a person other than an officer or employee of the company or its subsidiaries or any other individual having a relationship which in the opinion of the company’s board of directors, would interfere with the director’s exercise of independent judgment in carrying out the responsibilities of a director. We have determined that Messrs. Singh, Henske, Reiss and Tinker are independent directors under NYSE rules and Rule10A-3 of the Exchange Act. Our independent directors hold regularly scheduled meetings at which only independent directors are present.

Item 14.

PRINCIPAL ACCOUNTING FEES AND SERVICES. 

The firm of Marcum LLP acted as our independent registered public accounting firm during the year ended December 31, 2019 and the period ended December 31, 2018. The following is a summary of fees paid to Marcum LLP for services rendered.

Audit Fees

Audit fees consist of fees billed for professional services rendered for the audit of ouryear-end financial statements and services that are normally provided by Marcum LLP in connection with regulatory filings. During the year ended December 31, 2019 and the period ended December 31, 2018, audit fees for our independent registered public accounting firm were $52,000 and $25,000, respectively.

Audit-Related Fees

Audit-related services consist of fees billed for assurance and related services that are reasonably related to performance of the audit or review of our financial statements and are not reported under “Audit Fees.” These services include attest services that are not required by statute or regulation and consultations concerning financial accounting and reporting standards. We paid Marcum LLP $60,500 during the year ended December 31, 2019 for services related to our initial public offering registration statement. No audit-related fees were paid during the period ended December 31, 2018.

Tax Fees

During the year ended December 31, 2019 and the period ended December 31, 2018, our independent registered public accounting firm did not render any fees for tax services to us.

All Other Fees

During the year ended December 31, 2019 and the period ended December 31, 2018, there were no fees billed for services provided by our independent registered public accounting firm other than those set forth above.

Audit CommitteePre-Approval Policies and Procedures

Our audit committee was formed upon the consummation of the initial public offering. As a result, the audit committee did notpre-approve all of the foregoing services, although any services rendered prior to the formation of our audit committee were approved by our board of directors. Since the formation of our audit committee, and on a going-forward basis, the audit committee has and willpre-approve all auditing services and permittednon-audit services to be performed for us by our auditors, including the fees and terms thereof (subject to the de minimis exceptions fornon-audit services described in the Exchange Act which are approved by the audit committee prior to the completion of the audit).

PART IV

Item 15.

EXHIBITS AND FINANCIAL STATEMENT SCHEDULES.

(a)

The following documents are filed as part of this Annual Report:

(1)

Financial Statements:

The financial statements required by this Item 15(a)(1) are set forth in “Item 8. Financial Statements and Supplementary Data.”

(2)

Financial Statements Schedule

None.

(3)

Exhibits

The following exhibits are filed as part of, or incorporated by reference into, this Annual Report on Form10-K.

No.    

Description of Exhibit

    1.1Underwriting Agreement, dated October 31, 2019, between the Company and Credit Suisse Securities (USA) LLC (1)
    3.1Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation, filed with the Secretary of State of the State of Delaware on November  1, 2019 (1)
    3.2Amended and Restated Bylaws (2)
    4.1Specimen Unit Certificate (1)
    4.2Specimen Class A Common Stock Certificate (1)
    4.3Specimen Warrant Certificate (included in Exhibit 4.4)
    4.4Warrant Agreement, dated October 31, 2019, between Continental Stock Transfer & Trust Company and the Company (1)
    4.5*Description of Securities of Osprey Technology Acquisition Corp.
  10.1Letter Agreement, dated October 31, 2019, by and among the Company, its officers, directors and Osprey Sponsor II, LLC (1)
  10.2Investment Management Trust Agreement, dated October 31, 2019, between Continental Stock Transfer  & Trust Company and the Company (1)
  10.3Registration Rights Agreement, dated October 31, 2019, among the Company and certain security holders (1)
  10.4Private Placement Warrants Purchase Agreement, dated October  31, 2019, by and between the Company and Osprey Sponsor II, LLC (1)
  10.5Administrative Services Agreement, dated October 31, 2019, between the Company and Osprey Sponsor II, LLC (1)
  10.6Form of Indemnity Agreement (2)
  10.7Promissory Note for expenses prior to initial public offering from Osprey Sponsor II, LLC to the Company (2)
  14.1Code of Business Conduct and Ethics (2)
  21.1*Subsidiaries of the Registrant
  31.1*Certification of Principal Executive Officer Pursuant to Securities Exchange Act Rules13a-14(a) and15(d)-14(a), as adopted Pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002
  31.2*Certification of Principal Financial Officer Pursuant to Securities Exchange Act Rules13a-14(a) and15(d)-14(a), as adopted Pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002
  32.1*Certification of Principal Executive Officer Pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as adopted Pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002
  32.2*Certification of Principal Financial Officer Pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as adopted Pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002
101.INS*XBRL Instance Document
101.CAL*XBRL Taxonomy Extension Calculation Linkbase Document
101.SCH*XBRL Taxonomy Extension Schema Document
101.DEF*XBRL Taxonomy Extension Definition Linkbase Document
101.LAB*XBRL Taxonomy Extension Labels Linkbase Document
101.PRE*XBRL Taxonomy Extension Presentation Linkbase Document

*   Filed herewith.

(1)   Previously filed as an exhibit to our Current Report on Form8-K filed on November 5, 2019

(2)   Previously filed as an exhibit to our Registration Statement on FormS-1, as amended (FileNo. 333-234180)

Item 16.

FORM10-K SUMMARY.

Not applicable

SIGNATURES

In accordance with the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized.

March 23, 2023

OspreyBlackSky Technology Acquisition Corp.

Inc.

Dated: March 6, 2020

/s/ David DiDomenico

By: /s/ Brian E. O’Toole
Brian E. O'Toole

David DiDomenico

Chief Executive Officer and Director

(Principal Executive Officer)
By: /s/ Henry Dubois
Henry Dubois
Chief Financial Officer
(Principal Financial Officer)
By: /s/ Tracy Ward
Tracy Ward
Vice President

and Controller
(Principal Accounting Officer)





















80









POWER OF ATTORNEY

Each person whose signature appears below constitutes and appoints Brian O’Toole, Henry Dubois, and Tracy Ward, and each one of them, as his or her true and lawful attorney-in-fact and agent with full power of substitution and resubstitution, for such individual in any and all capacities, to sign any and all amendments to this Annual Report on Form 10-K, and to file the same, with all exhibits thereto and other documents in connection therewith, with the Securities and Exchange Commission, granting unto said attorneys-in-fact and agents, and each of them, full power and authority to do and perform each and every act and thing requisite and necessary to be done in connection therewith, as fully for all intents and purposes as he or she might or could do in person, hereby ratifying and confirming all that said attorneys-in-fact and agents, or any of them, or the individual’s substitute, may lawfully do or cause to be done by virtue thereof.

Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, this reportAnnual Report on Form 10-K has been signed below by the following persons on behalf of the registrant and in the capacities and on the dates indicated.

indicated on behalf of the registrant.

Name

Signature
Title

Position

Date

/s/ David DiDomenico

David DiDomenico

Brian E. O’TooleChief Executive Officer, President and Director
(Principal (Principal Executive Officer)
March 23, 2023
Brian O’Toole
/s/ Henry DuboisChief Financial Officer (Principal Financial Officer)March 6,23, 2023
Henry Dubois
/s/ Tracy WardVice President and Controller (Principal Accounting Officer)March 23, 2023
Tracy Ward
/s/ Magid AbrahamDirectorMarch 23, 2023
Magid Abraham
/s/ David DiDomenicoDirectorMarch 23, 2023
David DiDomenico
/s/ Susan GordonDirectorMarch 23, 2023
Susan Gordon
/s/ Timothy HarveyDirectorMarch 23, 2023
Timothy Harvey
/s/ William PorteousDirectorMarch 23, 2023
William Porteous
/s/ James TolonenDirectorMarch 23, 2023
James Tolonen


81


Index to Consolidated Financial Statements
Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm
Consolidated Balance Sheets
Consolidated Statements of Operations and Comprehensive Loss
Consolidated Statements of Changes in Stockholders' Equity (Deficit)
Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
























REPORT OF INDEPENDENT REGISTERED PUBLIC ACCOUNTING FIRM

To the stockholders and the Board of Directors of BlackSky Technology Inc.

Opinion on the Financial Statements
We have audited the accompanying consolidated balance sheets of BlackSky Technology Inc. (the "Company") as of December 31, 2022 and 2021, the related consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive loss, changes in stockholders’ equity (deficit), and cash flows, for each of the twoyears in the period ended December 31, 2022, and the related notes (collectively referred to as the "financial statements"). In our opinion, the financial statements present fairly, in all material respects, the financial position of the Company as of December 31, 2022 and 2021, and the results of its operations and its cash flows for each of the two years in the period ended December 31, 2022, in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America.
Basis for Opinion
These financial statements are the responsibility of the Company's management. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on the Company's financial statements based on our audits. We are a public accounting firm registered with the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States) (PCAOB) and are required to be independent with respect to the Company in accordance with the U.S. federal securities laws and the applicable rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission and the PCAOB.
We conducted our audit in accordance with the standards of the PCAOB. Those standards require that we plan and perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the financial statements are free of material misstatement, whether due to error or fraud. The Company is not required to have, nor were we engaged to perform, an audit of its internal control over financial reporting. As part of our audit, we are required to obtain an understanding of internal control over financial reporting but not for the purpose of expressing an opinion on the effectiveness of the Company’s internal control over financial reporting. Accordingly, we express no such opinion.
Our audits included performing procedures to assess the risks of material misstatement of the financial statements, whether due to error or fraud, and performing procedures that respond to those risks. Such procedures included examining, on a test basis, evidence regarding the amounts and disclosures in the financial statements. Our audits also included evaluating the accounting principles used and significant estimates made by management, as well as evaluating the overall presentation of the financial statements. We believe that our audits provide a reasonable basis for our opinion.
/s/ Deloitte & Touche LLP

McLean, VA
March 23, 2023
We have served as the Company's auditor since 2015.
F-2


PART I. FINANCIAL INFORMATION
ITEM 1. FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
BLACKSKY TECHNOLOGY INC.
CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS
(in thousands, except par value)
December 31,December 31,
20222021
Assets
Current assets:
Cash and cash equivalents$34,181 $165,586 
Restricted cash2,8352,518
Short-term investments37,982
Accounts receivable, net of allowance of $0 and $39, respectively3,1122,629
Prepaid expenses and other current assets4,7136,264
Contract assets5,7061,678
Total current assets88,529178,675
Property and equipment - net71,58470,551
Operating lease right of use assets - net3,586
Goodwill9,3939,393
Investment in equity method investees5,2854,002
Intangible assets - net1,9182,480
Satellite procurement work in process50,95440,102
Other assets2,841 560 
Total assets$234,090 $305,763 
Liabilities and stockholders’ equity
Current liabilities:
Accounts payable and accrued liabilities$14,368 $10,837 
Amounts payable to equity method investees3,7285,613
Contract liabilities - current6,78311,266
Other current liabilities2,0482,819
Total current liabilities26,92730,535
Liability for estimated contract losses7146,054
Long-term contract liabilities109568
Operating lease liabilities3,132
Derivative liabilities5,11316,925
Long-term debt - net of current portion76,21971,408
Other liabilities2653
Total liabilities112,216126,143
Commitments and contingencies (Note 24)
Stockholders’ equity:
Class A common stock, $0.0001 par value-authorized, 300,000 shares; issued, 121,938 and 117,160 shares; outstanding, 119,508 shares and 114,452 shares as of December 31, 2022 and 2021, respectively.1211
Additional paid-in capital666,973650,518
Accumulated deficit(545,111)(470,909)
Total stockholders’ equity121,874179,620
Total liabilities and stockholders’ equity$234,090 $305,763 

See notes to consolidated financial statements
F-3


BLACKSKY TECHNOLOGY INC.
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS AND COMPREHENSIVE LOSS
(in thousands, except per share amounts)
Years Ended December 31,
20222021
Revenue
Imagery & software analytical services$47,415 $15,365 
Professional & engineering services17,935 18,720 
Total revenue65,350 34,085 
Costs and expenses
Imagery & software analytical service costs, excluding depreciation and amortization14,462 13,013 
Professional & engineering service costs, excluding depreciation and amortization21,365 21,735 
Selling, general and administrative79,672 86,655 
Research and development739 112 
Depreciation and amortization35,661 14,306 
Satellite impairment loss— 18,407 
Operating loss(86,549)(120,143)
Gain on debt extinguishment— 4,059 
Gain on derivatives11,812 23,885 
Income on equity method investment2,087 1,027 
Interest income1,116 — 
Interest expense(5,426)(5,165)
Other income (expense), net2,081 (147,656)
Loss before income taxes(74,879)(243,993)
Income tax (expense) benefit— — 
Loss from continuing operations(74,879)(243,993)
Discontinued operations:
Gain (loss) from discontinued operations707 (1,650)
Income tax (expense) benefit— — 
Gain (loss) from discontinued operations, net of income taxes707 (1,650)
Net loss(74,172)(245,643)
Other comprehensive income— — 
Total comprehensive loss$(74,172)$(245,643)
Basic and diluted loss per share of common stock:
Loss from continuing operations$(0.64)$(3.37)
Gain (loss) from discontinued operations, net of income taxes0.01 (0.02)
Net loss per share of common stock$(0.63)$(3.39)

See notes to consolidated financial statements
F-4


BLACKSKY TECHNOLOGY INC.
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CHANGES IN STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY (DEFICIT)
(in thousands)
Year Ended December 31, 2022
Common StockAdditional Paid-InAccumulatedTotal Stockholders'
SharesAmountCapitalDeficitEquity
Balance as of January 1, 2022114,452$11 $650,518 $(470,909)$179,620 
Stock-based compensation21,47721,477 
Issuance of common stock upon exercise of stock options7094747 
Issuance of common stock upon vesting of restricted stock awards200— 
Issuance of common stock upon vesting of restricted stock units6,7281
Withholding of stock units to satisfy tax withholding obligations upon the vesting of restricted stock units and exercise of stock options(2,566)(5,069)(5,069)
Repurchase and retirement of common stock(15)(30)(30)
Net loss(74,172)(74,172)
Balance as of December 31, 2022119,508 $12 $666,973 $(545,111)$121,874 

Year Ended December 31, 2021
Common StockAdditional Paid-InAccumulatedTotal Stockholders' Equity
SharesAmountCapitalDeficit(Deficit)
Balance as of January 1, 2021, as adjusted34,692$$191,168 $(223,984)$(32,813)
Stock-based compensation42,58242,582 
Issuance of common stock due to Bridge Notes20,3432106,351106,353 
Issuance of common stock upon exercise of stock options1,044130130 
Issuance of common stock upon exercise of warrants, inclusive of preferred stock warrants exercised then converted to common stock in connection with the merger3,2512,2892,289 
Issuance of common stock upon vesting of restricted stock awards546— 
Issuance of common stock upon vesting of restricted stock units111— 
Conversion of bridge notes and accrued interest into common stock7,736177,09677,097 
Exercise of warrants in connection with merger11,187138,32838,329 
Issuance of sponsor earn-out shares(17,659)(17,659)
Reverse recapitalization, net (Note 4)34,5844202,195(1,282)200,917
Issuance of common stock upon settlement of promissory notes9588,0388,038
Net loss(245,643)(245,643)
Balance as of December 31, 2021114,452 $11 $650,518 $(470,909)$179,620 



See notes to consolidated financial statements
F-5


BLACKSKY TECHNOLOGY INC.
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS
(in thousands)
Years Ended December 31,
20222021
Cash flows from operating activities:
Net loss$(74,172)$(245,643)
Gain (loss) from discontinued operations, net of income taxes707 (1,650)
Loss from continuing operations(74,879)(243,993)
Adjustments to reconcile net loss to net cash used in operating activities:
Depreciation and amortization expense35,661 14,306 
Operating lease right of use assets amortization1,640 — 
Gain on debt extinguishment— (4,059)
Bad debt (recovery) expense(22)58 
Stock-based compensation expense20,025 42,571 
Loss on issuance of 2021 convertible Bridge Notes— 99,669 
Issuance costs for derivative liabilities and debt carried at fair value— 48,009 
Amortization of debt discount and issuance costs1,805 1,807 
Income on equity method investment(2,087)(1,027)
Loss on disposal of property and equipment— 24 
Gain on derivatives(11,812)(23,885)
Satellite impairment loss— 18,407 
Interest income(656)— 
Other, net106 — 
Changes in operating assets and liabilities:
Accounts receivable(461)216 
Contract assets - current and long-term(5,996)2,118 
Prepaid expenses and other current assets1,413 (5,207)
Other assets(12)(309)
Accounts payable and accrued liabilities(74)2,543 
Other current liabilities(1,180)(2,680)
Contract liabilities - current and long-term(4,942)(5,262)
Liability for estimated contract losses(5,340)(198)
Other liabilities2,355 3,020 
Net cash used in operating activities(44,456)(53,872)
Cash flows from investing activities:
Purchase of property and equipment(11,677)(1,266)
Satellite procurement work in process(32,385)(62,643)
Purchase of short-term investments(50,343)— 
Proceeds from maturities of short-term investments13,000 — 
Purchase of domain name— (7)
Proceeds from equity method investment804 302 
Cash flows used in investing activities - continuing operations(80,601)(63,614)
Cash flows used in investing activities - discontinued operations(978)— 
Net cash used in investing activities(81,579)(63,614)
Cash flows from financing activities:
Proceeds from recapitalization transaction, net of payment of equity issuance costs— 244,880 
Payments of transaction costs related to Sponsor Shares— (291)
Proceeds from issuance of debt— 58,573 
Proceeds from options exercised47 130 
Proceeds from warrants exercised— 163 
Capital lease payments— (2)
Debt payments— (22,198)
Payments for deferred offering costs(31)— 
Payments for debt issuance costs— (6,238)
Withholding tax payments on vesting of restricted stock units(5,069)— 
Net cash (used in) provided by financing activities(5,053)275,017 
Net (decrease) increase in cash, cash equivalents, and restricted cash(131,088)157,531 
Cash, cash equivalents, and restricted cash – beginning of year168,104 10,573 
Cash, cash equivalents, and restricted cash – end of period$37,016 $168,104 
See notes to consolidated financial statements
F-6


The following table provides a reconciliation of cash, cash equivalents, and restricted cash reported within the consolidated balance sheets that sum to the total of the same such amounts shown in the consolidated statements of cash flows:
December 31,
20222021
Cash and cash equivalents$34,181 $165,586 
Restricted cash2,835 2,518 
Total cash, cash equivalents, and restricted cash$37,016 $168,104 
Years Ended December 31,
20222021
(in thousands)
Supplemental disclosures of cash flow information:
Cash paid for interest$$378 
Supplemental disclosures of non-cash financing and investing information:
Property and equipment additions accrued but not paid$6,455 $5,222 
Capitalized stock-based compensation1,470 11 
Capitalized interest for property and equipment placed into service220 620 
Accretion of short-term investments' discounts and premiums640 — 
Repurchase and retirement of common stock30 — 
Equity issuance costs accrued but not paid491 — 
Issuance of common stock due to Bridge Notes, net of issuance costs— 106,353 
Issuance of common stock warrants due to Bridge Notes— 18,800 
Issuance of common stock upon settlement of promissory notes— 8,038 
Net exercise of common stock warrants— 210 
Net exercise of common stock warrants in connection with merger— 1,324 
Conversion of Bridge Notes— 77,097 
Net exercise of Bridge Note warrants— 38,329 
Contingent liability for working capital adjustment and use taxes to M&Y Space Co. Ltd— 1,650 
Increase of debt principal for paid-in-kind interest3,006 2,889 
See notes to consolidated financial statements
F-7


BLACKSKY TECHNOLOGY INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
December 31, 2022

1. Organization and Business
On September 9, 2021, Osprey Technology Acquisition Corp. (“Osprey”) consummated the previously announced merger (the “Merger”) with BlackSky Holdings, Inc. (f/k/a Spaceflight Industries, Inc.), a Delaware corporation (“Legacy BlackSky”), pursuant to the agreement and plan of merger, dated February 17, 2021, by and among Osprey, Osprey Technology Merger Sub, Inc., a direct, wholly owned subsidiary of Osprey, and Legacy BlackSky. Immediately following the Merger, Osprey changed its name to BlackSky Technology Inc. (“BlackSky” or the “Company”). Legacy BlackSky survived the Merger and is now a wholly owned subsidiary of BlackSky. As a special purpose acquisition corporation, Osprey had no pre-Merger operations other than to identify and consummate a merger. Therefore, BlackSky’s operations post-Merger are attributable to those of Legacy BlackSky and its subsidiaries, and references to “BlackSky” or the “Company” should be read to include BlackSky’s wholly owned subsidiaries. References in this report to Company actions, assets/liabilities, or contracts may be references to actions taken, assets/liabilities held, or contracts entered into by one or more current Company subsidiaries; however, the Company has distinguished between actions taken by Legacy BlackSky or Osprey for certain time based, historical transactions.
BlackSky, headquartered in Herndon, Virginia, is a leading provider of real-time geospatial intelligence. The Company owns and operates one of the industry's leading high-performance low earth orbit small satellite constellations. Our constellation is optimized to cost-efficiently capture imagery at high revisit rates where and when our customers need it. BlackSky’s Spectra AI software platform processes millions of observations a day from our proprietary satellite constellation and from multiple external data sources including imaging, radar and radio frequency satellites, environmental sensors, asset tracking sensors, Internet of Things (“IoT”) connected devices, internet-enabled narrative sources, and a variety of geotemporal data feeds. Spectra AI employs advanced, proprietary artificial intelligence ("AI") and machine learning (“ML”) techniques to process, analyze, and transform these data feeds into alerts, information, and insights. Customers can access Spectra AI’s data and analytics through easy-to-use web services or through platform application programming interfaces.
As of December 31, 2022, BlackSky had 14 satellites in commercial operation. BlackSky has two primary operating subsidiaries, BlackSky Global LLC and BlackSky Geospatial Solutions, Inc. The Company also owns fifty percent of LeoStella LLC (“LeoStella”), its joint venture with Thales Alenia Space US Investment LLC (“Thales”). LeoStella is a vertically-integrated small satellite design and manufacturer based in Tukwila, Washington, from which the Company procures satellites to operate its business. The Company accounts for LeoStella and X-Bow Launch Systems Inc. (“X-Bow”), a space technology company specializing in additive manufacturing of solid rocket motors of which BlackSky owns less than 20%, as equity method investments (Note 7).
The Company made two disclosures related to 2021 that were previously undisclosed. The first relates to a supplemental cash flow disclosure on the paid-in-kind interest on a loan. The second relates to payments made to Thales Alenia Space in the FN 22 – Related Party Transactions. The Company believes both disclosures are immaterial to the 2021 consolidated financial statements.

2. Basis of Presentation and Summary of Significant Accounting Policies

Basis of Preparation
The Company has prepared its consolidated financial statements in accordance with Generally Accepted Accounting Principles in the United States of America (“GAAP”) and the instructions to Form 10-K and Article 8 of Regulation S-X of the Securities and Exchange Commission (the "SEC"). The accompanying consolidated financial statements include the accounts of the Company and its wholly-owned subsidiaries. In addition, the consolidated financial statements include the Company’s proportionate share of the earnings or losses of its equity method investments and a corresponding increase or decrease to its investment, with recorded losses
F-8


limited to the carrying value of the Company’s investment. All intercompany transactions and balances have been eliminated upon consolidation.
For accounting purposes, the Merger constituted a reverse recapitalization (the “Reverse Recapitalization”), with Osprey treated as the “acquired” company and Legacy BlackSky as the “acquirer”. The Reverse Recapitalization was treated as the equivalent of Legacy BlackSky issuing equity for the net assets of Osprey, accompanied by a recapitalization, rather than a business combination, which would have included goodwill and intangible assets. Legacy BlackSky was considered the acquirer based on the facts and circumstances, including the following factors evaluated at the time of the Merger:
Legacy BlackSky’s former stockholders held a majority ownership interest in BlackSky;
Legacy BlackSky’s senior management team comprise senior management of BlackSky;
Legacy BlackSky was able to designate all but one director to BlackSky’s initial board;
Legacy BlackSky was the larger of the companies based on historical operating activity and employee base; and
Legacy BlackSky’s operations comprise the ongoing operations of BlackSky.
Accordingly, all historical financial information presented in these consolidated financial statements represents the accounts of Legacy BlackSky and its wholly owned subsidiaries “as if” Legacy BlackSky is the predecessor and legal successor. The historical operations of Legacy BlackSky are deemed to be those of the Company. Thus, the financial statements included in this report reflect (i) the historical operating results of Legacy BlackSky prior to the Merger; (ii) the combined results of Osprey and Legacy BlackSky following the Merger; (iii) the assets and liabilities of Legacy BlackSky at their historical carrying value; and (iv) the Company’s equity structure for all periods presented.
Effective January 1, 2022, the Company reorganized its captions on the consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive loss to better align the Company’s broad portfolio. As a result, for the year ended December 31, 2021, the amounts presented to reflect the impact of the reorganization have been recasted. This resulted in a $9.7 million reclassification between imagery & software analytical services revenue and professional & engineering services revenue and an $8.5 million reclassification between imagery & software analytical service costs, excluding depreciation and amortization and professional & engineering service costs, excluding depreciation and amortization in the Company's consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive loss.
Effective January 1, 2022, we adopted Accounting Standards Codification (ASC) Topic 842, "Leases" ("ASC 842") (Note 3). The adoption of this standard is reflected in the amounts and disclosures set forth in this Form 10-K.
The Company’s consolidated financial statements have been prepared on a historical cost basis, except for certain financial assets and liabilities, including derivative financial instruments, which are stated at fair value. The Company also incurred debt, which was also stated at fair value and subsequently converted to equity in the Merger. Unless otherwise indicated, amounts presented in the Notes pertain to the Company’s continuing operations.

Emerging Growth Company
The Company is an emerging growth company (“EGC”), as defined in the Jumpstart Our Business Startups Act of 2012 (the “JOBS Act”). The JOBS Act permits companies with EGC status to take advantage of an extended transition period to comply with new or revised accounting standards, delaying the adoption of these accounting standards until they would apply to private companies. The Company has elected to use this extended transition period to enable it to defer the adoption of new or revised accounting standards that have different effective dates for public and private companies until the earlier of the date it (i) is no longer an emerging growth company or (ii) affirmatively and irrevocably opts out of the extended transition period provided for by the JOBS Act. As a result, the Company’s financial statements may not be comparable to companies that comply with the new or revised accounting standards as of public company effective dates.
F-9


In addition, the Company intends to rely on the other exemptions and reduced reporting requirements provided by the JOBS Act. Subject to certain conditions set forth in the JOBS Act, if, as an EGC, the Company intends to rely on such exemptions, the Company is not required to, among other things: (i) provide an auditor’s attestation report on its system of internal controls over financial reporting pursuant to Section 404(b) of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act; (ii) provide certain of the compensation disclosure that may be required of non-emerging growth public companies under the Dodd Frank Wall Street Reform and Consumer Protection Act; (iii) comply with any requirement that may be adopted by the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board regarding mandatory audit firm rotation or a supplement to the auditor’s report providing additional information about the audit and the financial statements (auditor discussion and analysis); and (iv) disclose certain executive compensation related items such as the correlation between executive compensation and performance and comparisons of the Chief Executive Officer’s compensation to median employee compensation.

Use of Estimates
The preparation of the consolidated financial statements requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities, the disclosure of contingencies at the reporting date, and the reported amounts of revenue and expenses during the reporting period. These estimates are based on management’s best knowledge of current events and actions the Company may undertake in the future. Actual results could materially differ from these estimates. Significant estimates made by the Company include, but are not limited to, revenue and associated cost recognition, the collectability of accounts receivable, the recoverability and useful lives of property and equipment, the valuation of equity warrants and warrant liabilities, fair value estimates, the recoverability of goodwill and intangible assets, the provision for income taxes, and stock-based compensation.

Cash and Cash Equivalents
Cash and cash equivalents are comprised of cash in banks and highly liquid investments with original maturities of three months or less.

Restricted Cash
The Company classifies cash as restricted when the cash is unavailable for withdrawal or usage for general operations. Restricted cash represents certificates of deposits held by a bank as a compensating balance for letters of credit that facilitate certain contracts with customers and cash collateral for leasing arrangements.

Accounts Receivable - net
Accounts receivable are customer obligations due to the Company under normal trade terms. The majority of the Company's sales are with U.S. federal government and agencies, which limits uncollectible accounts receivable. The Company performs continuing credit evaluations on each customer’s financial condition and reviews accounts receivable on a periodic basis to determine if any accounts receivable will potentially be uncollectible. The Company reserves for any accounts receivable balances that are determined to be uncollectible in the allowance for doubtful accounts. After all attempts to collect an accounts receivable balance have failed, the accounts receivable balance is written off against the allowance for doubtful accounts. The Company assessed all existing accounts receivable and recorded an allowance for doubtful accounts of $0 and $39 thousand as of December 31, 2022 and 2021, respectively.

Prepaid Expenses and Other Current Assets
Prepaid expenses are advance payments made in the ordinary course of business and are amortized on a straight-line basis over the period of benefit. Other current assets consist primarily of non-trade receivables.

Investments
In May 2022, we began investing a portion of our cash and cash equivalents in short-term investments, which generally consist of A-1, or higher, rated corporate debt and governmental securities. Our investments are
F-10


classified as held-to-maturity and have a stated maturity date of one year or less from the balance sheet date. Any investments with original maturities less than three months are considered cash equivalents.
As of December 31, 2022 and 2021, the Company’s short-term investments had a carrying value of $38.0 million and $0, respectively, which represents amortized cost, and an aggregate fair value of $37.9 million and $0, respectively. The gross unrecognized holding losses as of December 31, 2022 and 2021 was $134 thousand and $0, respectively; there were not any gross unrecognized holding gains as of December 31, 2022 or 2021.


Property and Equipment - net
Property and equipment are stated at cost, less accumulated depreciation. Depreciation expense is recognized in the consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive loss on a straight-line basis over the estimated useful life of the related asset to its residual value.
The estimated useful lives are as follows:
Estimated useful lives-years
Satellites3
Computer equipment and software3
Site and other equipment 2 - 5
Office furniture and fixtures5
Leasehold improvementsshorter of useful life or remaining lease term
Capitalized satellite costs include material costs, labor costs incurred from the start of the pre-acquisition stage through the construction stage, insurance, and the costs incurred to launch the satellite into orbit for its intended use. Labor costs incurred prior to and after the pre-acquisition and construction stages are charged to expense. Once the satellite has reached orbit and makes contact with the Company's network, the Company commences depreciation. The designated useful life of the Company's satellites is estimated to be three years, and depreciation is recognized using the straight-line method. Subsequent to launch, the Company's satellites must meet certain performance and operational criteria to be deemed commercially viable. If the criteria are not met, the Company assesses the satellite for impairment.
The Company capitalizes internal and external costs incurred to develop and implement internal-use software, which consist primarily of costs related to design, coding, and testing. Internal costs include salaries and allocations of fringe and stock-based compensation. When the software is ready for its intended use, capitalization ceases and such costs are amortized on a straight-line basis over the estimated life to either depreciation or cost of sales depending on the nature of the software. Costs incurred prior to and after the application development stage are charged to expense. We regularly review our capitalized software projects for impairment.

Goodwill, Intangible Assets - net, and Other Long-Lived Assets
Goodwill
Goodwill represents the excess of purchase price over the fair value of the identifiable assets acquired less the liabilities assumed in the acquisition of a business.
Goodwill is tested annually for impairment at October 1, or more frequently if events or circumstances indicate that the carrying value of goodwill may be impaired. Goodwill is tested for impairment at the reporting unit level by first taking a qualitative approach to determine whether it is more likely than not that a reporting unit's fair value is less than its carrying value. If the Company determines that it is more likely than not that a
F-11


reporting unit's fair value is less than its carrying amount, the Company compares the reporting unit’s carrying amount to the fair value of the reporting unit. If the carrying amount of the reporting unit exceeds its fair value, an impairment loss is recognized in an amount equal to that excess. In testing for goodwill impairment, the Company may utilize a mix of income and market approaches that include the use of comparable multiples of publicly traded companies whose services are comparable to ours.
The Company continuously evaluates whether indicators of impairment exist to determine whether it is necessary to perform a quantitative goodwill impairment test. A significant amount of judgment is involved in determining if an indicator of impairment has occurred. Such indicators may include (a) a significant decline in the Company's common stock value; (b) a significant decline in the Company's expected future cash flows; (c) a significant adverse change in legal factors or in the business climate; (d) unanticipated competition; (e) the testing for recoverability of a significant asset group within a reporting unit; or (f) slower growth rates. Any adverse change in these factors could have a significant impact on the recoverability of goodwill and could have a material impact on the consolidated financial statements.
Long-Lived Assets and Finite-Lived Intangible Assets
The Company reviews long-lived assets, including finite-lived intangible assets, property and equipment, satellite procurement work in process and other long-term assets, for impairment whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying amounts of the assets may not be fully recoverable. Significant judgments in this area involve determining whether a triggering event has occurred and determining the future cash flows for assets involved. In conducting this analysis, the Company compares the undiscounted cash flows expected to be generated from the long-lived assets (or asset group) to the related net book values. If the undiscounted cash flows exceed the net book value, the long-lived assets are considered not to be impaired. If the net book value exceeds the undiscounted cash flows, an impairment charge is measured and recognized based upon the difference between the carrying value of long-lived assets (or asset group) and their fair value.
Intangible assets subject to amortization include customer backlog and relationships, distribution agreements, and technology. Such intangible assets, excluding customer-related intangibles, are amortized on a straight-line basis over their estimated useful lives. Customer-related intangible assets are amortized on either a straight-line or accelerated basis, depending upon the pattern in which the economic benefits of the intangible asset are utilized.
The estimated useful lives of the Company's finite-lived intangible assets are as follows:
Estimated useful lives-years
Distribution agreements2
Customer backlog and relationships1 - 10
Technology3 - 5

Leases
The Company leases office space under various non-cancellable operating leases with varying lease expiration dates through 2033. We determine whether a contract is or contains a lease and whether the lease should be classified as an operating or finance lease at contract inception.
The Company determines if an arrangement is a lease at inception of the contract. Operating leases are included in operating lease right-of-use ("ROU") assets, current portion of operating lease liabilities, and long-term operating lease liabilities in the consolidated balance sheets.
ROU assets represent the Company’s right to use underlying assets for the lease term, and lease liabilities represent the Company’s obligation to make lease payments arising from the leases. ROU assets and lease liabilities are recognized at the commencement date based on the present value of lease payments over the lease term. The Company uses the implicit rate when readily determinable. For leases where the rate is not determinable, the Company determines the incremental borrowing rate. We do not recognize a ROU asset and a
F-12


lease liability for leases with an initial term of 12 months or less; we recognize lease expense for these leases on a straight-line basis over the lease term. Many of the Company’s lease agreements contain incentives for tenant improvements. For tenant improvement incentives received, if the incentive is determined to be a leasehold improvement owned by the lessee, the Company generally records the incentives as a reduction to the ROU asset, which reduces rent expense over the lease term. For these lease incentives, the Company uses the date of initial possession as the commencement date, which is generally when the Company is given the right of access to the space and begins to make improvements in preparation for intended use. Finance leases are not material to our consolidated financial statements and the Company is not a lessor in any material arrangements. We do not have any material restrictions or covenants in our lease agreements, sale-leaseback transactions, land easements or residual value guarantees.

Equity Method Investments
Investments where the Company has the ability to exercise significant influence, but not control, are accounted for under the equity method of accounting and are included in investment in equity method investees on the Company's consolidated balance sheets. Significant influence typically exists if the Company has a 20% to 50% ownership interest in the investee or retains a voting seat on the investee's board of directors. Under this method of accounting, the Company's share of the net earnings or losses of the investee are included in the Company's consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive loss.
Equity method investments are evaluated for impairment whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying amounts of such investments may be impaired. If a decline in the value of an equity method investment is determined to be other than temporary, a loss is recorded in earnings in the current period.
Intra-entity profits arising from the sale of assets from the equity method investments to the Company are eliminated and deferred if those assets are still held by the Company at the end of the reporting period. The intra-entity profits will be recognized as the assets are consumed.

Satellite Procurement Work in Process
Satellite procurement work in process primarily represents deposits paid to (a) LeoStella for the progress payments associated with the engineering, long lead procurement of satellite components, and manufacturing of the Company's satellites and (b) launch service vendors for the costs associated with launching the Company's satellites. Satellite procurement work in process capitalized, but not yet paid, is recognized as the Company has the rights to the in-process assets that LeoStella is engineering on the Company's behalf or a refund of amounts paid to date, less certain costs. At launch, these costs, and other costs incurred to put a satellite into service, are aggregated and reclassified as property and equipment, subject to depreciation (Note 9).

Contingent Liabilities
The Company may become involved in litigation or other financial claims in the normal course of its business operations. The Company periodically analyzes currently available information relating to these claims, assesses the probability of loss, and provides a range of possible outcomes when it believes that sufficient and appropriate information is available. The Company accrues a liability for those contingencies where the occurrence of a loss is probable and the amount can be reasonably estimated. If a loss is probable and a range of amounts can be reasonably estimated but no amount within the range is a better estimate than any other amount in the range, then the minimum of the range is accrued. We do not accrue a liability when the likelihood that the liability has been incurred is believed to be probable but the amount cannot be reasonably estimated or when the likelihood that a liability has been incurred is believed to be only reasonably possible or remote. For contingencies where an unfavorable outcome is reasonably possible and the impact could potentially be material, we disclose the nature of the contingency and, where feasible, an estimate of the possible loss or range of loss.

Debt Issuance Costs and Debt Discount
F-13


Debt issuance costs are capitalized and amortized to interest expense using the effective interest method over the life of the related debt. In prior years, a debt discount was recorded upon the issuance of detachable warrants, which were granted in conjunction with the issuance of debt and calculated at fair market value. The debt discount was amortized to interest expense using the effective interest method over the life of the related debt. Short-term and long-term debt are presented net of the unamortized debt issuance costs and debt discount in the consolidated balance sheets.

Fair Value of Financial Instruments
The Company accounts for certain assets and liabilities at fair value. Fair value is defined as the price that would be received to sell an asset or paid to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction between market participants at the measurement date.
The process for analyzing the fair value measurement of certain financial instruments on a recurring, or non-recurring, basis includes significant judgment and estimates of inputs including, but not limited to, share price, volatility, discount for lack of marketability, application of an appropriate discount rate, and probability of liquidating events. The Company utilizes the market valuation methodology and specific option pricing methodology, such as the Monte Carlo simulation, method to value the more complex financial instruments and the Black-Scholes option-pricing model to value standard common stock warrants and common stock options.
The framework for measuring fair value specifies a hierarchy of valuation techniques based on whether the inputs to those valuation techniques are observable or unobservable. Observable inputs reflect market data obtained from independent sources, while unobservable inputs reflect the Company's assumptions. The hierarchy gives the highest priority to unadjusted quoted prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities (Level 1 measurement) and the lowest priority to unobservable inputs (Level 3 measurement).
The three levels of the fair value hierarchy are as follows:
Level 1 Inputs. Inputs are unadjusted quoted prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities available at the measurement date.
Level 2 Inputs. Inputs are unadjusted quoted prices for similar assets and liabilities in active markets, quoted prices for identical or similar assets and liabilities in markets that are not active, inputs other than quoted prices that are observable, and inputs derived from or corroborated by observable market data.
Level 3 Inputs. Inputs are unobservable inputs which reflect the Company’s own assumptions on what assumptions market participants would use in pricing the asset or liability based on the best available information.

Revenue Recognition
The Company generates revenue from the sale of imagery and software analytical services and professional and engineering services. Imagery and software analytical services revenue includes imagery, data, software, and analytics. This revenue is recognized from services rendered under non-cancellable subscription order agreements or variable not-to-exceed purchase orders. Professional and engineering services revenue is generated from both time and materials basis contracts and firm fixed price service solutions contracts and firm fixed price long-term engineering and construction contracts.
The Company generates revenue primarily through contracts with government agencies. Some of the fixed price contracts include multiple promises, which are generally separated as distinct performance obligations. The Company allocates the transaction price to each performance obligation based on the relative standalone selling prices using observable sales transactions where applicable.
In accordance with Accounting Standards Update No. 2014-09, “Revenue from Contracts with Customers (Topic 606)(“ASC 606”), the Company uses the five-step model of identifying the performance obligations contained in a contract, determining transaction price, allocating transaction price, and determining when
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performance obligations are satisfied can require the application of significant judgment, as further discussed below.
Revenue is measured at the fair value of consideration received or receivable and net of discounts. The Company applies a policy election to exclude transaction taxes collected from customer sales when the tax is both imposed on and concurrent with a specific revenue-producing transaction. The Company estimates any variable consideration, and whether the transaction price is constrained, upon execution of each contract. The Company did not have any active contracts with significant variable consideration as of December 31, 2022.

Imagery & Software Analytical Services Revenue
Imagery
Imagery services include imagery delivered from the Company’s satellites in orbit via our Spectra AI platform and in limited cases directly uploaded to certain customers. Customers can directly task our proprietary satellite constellation to collect and deliver imagery over specific locations, sites and regions that are critical to their operations. We offer customers several service level options that include basic plans for on-demand tasking or multi-year assured access programs, where customers can secure priority access and imaging capacity at a premium over a region of interest on a take or pay basis. Imagery revenue is recognized ratably over the subscription period or at the point in time the customer receives access to the imagery.

Data, Software, and Analytics
The Company leverages proprietary AI and ML algorithms to analyze data coming from both the Company’s proprietary sensor network and third-party space and terrestrial sources to provide hard-to-get data, insights, and analytics for customers. The Company continues to integrate and enhance its offerings by performing contract development, while retaining the intellectual property rights. The Company also offers services related to object, change and anomaly detection, site monitoring, and enhanced analytics, through which the Company can detect key pattern of life changes in critical locations such as ports, airports, and construction sites; retail activity; commodities stockpiles; and other sites that contain critical commodities and supply chain information.
Our analytics services are also offered on a subscription or consumption basis and provide customers with access to our site monitoring, event monitoring and global data services. Software analytical services revenue derived from data, software, and analytics is recognized from the rendering of analytical and monitoring services over time on a firm fixed price, or at the point in time the customer receives access to an analytic product.

Professional and Engineering ServicesRevenue
The Company provides technology enabled professional service solutions to support customer-specific software development requests, integration, testing, and training. The Company uses system engineers to support customer efforts to manage mass quantities of data. For firm fixed price professional service contracts, the Company recognizes revenue using total estimated costs to complete the performance obligation, ("Estimate at Completion" or "EAC"). A performance obligation’s EAC includes all direct costs such as labor, materials, subcontract costs and overhead. In addition, an EAC of a performance obligation includes future losses estimated to be incurred on contracts, as and when known. For contracts structured as cost-plus-fixed-fee or on a time and materials basis, the Company generally recognizes revenue based on the right-to-invoice when practically expedient, as the Company is contractually able to invoice the customer based on the control transferred to the customer in an amount that corresponds directly with the value to the customer of the entity’s performance completed to date.

The Company also develops and delivers advanced launch vehicle, satellite and payload systems for a limited number of customers that leverage the Company’s capabilities in mission systems engineering and operations, ground station operations, and software and systems development. These systems are sold to
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government customers under fixed price contracts. The Company generally recognizes revenue over time using the cost-to-cost method to measure progress, pursuant to which the extent of progress towards completion is measured based on the ratio of costs incurred to date to the EAC. The estimation of total estimated costs at completion is subject to many variables and requires judgment. The Company recognizes changes in contract estimates on a cumulative catch-up basis in the period in which the changes are identified. Such changes in contract estimates can result in the recognition of revenue in a current period for performance obligations which were satisfied or partially satisfied in a prior period. If at any time, the estimate of profitability for a performance obligation indicates a probable anticipated loss, the Company recognizes the total loss for the performance obligation in the period it is identified. Changes in estimates related to contracts accounted for using the cost-to-cost measure of progress are recognized in the period in which such changes are made for the inception-to-date effect of the changes. For the year ended December 31, 2022, the Company recognized $2.3 million of unfavorable cumulative adjustments to revenue directly from estimated cost increases on two professional and engineering services contracts (Note 6). All, or a portion, of this cumulative adjustment will be recognized in future revenue as the percentage of completion increases over time. During the year ended December 31, 2021, the Company recognized a $4.6 million unfavorable impact to revenue attributable to changes in estimates for two professional and engineering services contracts. During the year ended December 31, 2022, there was no revenue recognized from performance obligations satisfied in previous periods.


Imagery and Software Analytical Service and Professional and Engineering Service Costs
Imagery and software analytical service costs primarily include internal labor to support the ground station network and space operations, third-party data and imagery, and cloud computing and hosting services. The Company recognizes stock-based compensation expense for those employees whose work supports the imagery and software analytical service costs we provide to customers, under imagery and software analytical service costs, excluding depreciation and amortization. For those employees who provide these services to support customer-based programs, the stock-based compensation expense is classified under imagery and software analytical services costs.

Professional and engineering service costs primarily include the cost of internal labor for design and engineering in support of long-term development contracts for launch vehicle, satellite, and payload systems, as well as subcontract direct materials and external labor costs to build and test specific components, such as the communications system, payload demands, and sensor integration. In addition, we also recognize internal labor costs and external subcontract labor costs for our customer-centric software service solutions. We recognize stock-based compensation expense for those employees who provide professional and engineering services support to customers, under professional and engineering service costs, excluding depreciation and amortization.

Research and Development Costs
The Company primarily incurs research and development costs, which are expensed as incurred, for data science modeling and algorithm development related to its geospatial analytical platform. In addition, the Company recognizes costs incurred before the technological feasibility stage for internal projects, such as aerospace and other satellite developments, as research and development costs.

Advertising Costs
Advertising costs are expenses associated with promoting the Company’s services and products. Advertising costs are expensed as incurred and included in selling, general and administrative expenses in the accompanying consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive loss. For the years ended December 31, 2022 and 2021, advertising costs were $1.3 million and $1.1 million, respectively.

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Income Taxes
The Company accounts for income taxes following the asset and liability method, which requires the recognition of deferred tax assets and liabilities for the expected future tax consequences of events that have been included in the consolidated financial statements. Under this method, deferred tax assets and liabilities are determined based on differences between the consolidated financial statements carrying amounts of existing assets and liabilities and their respective tax bases. Deferred tax assets and liabilities are measured using enacted tax rates expected to apply to taxable income in the years in which those temporary differences are expected to be recovered or settled. The effect on the deferred tax assets and liabilities of a change in tax rates is recognized in income in the period that includes the enacted date.
The Company measures deferred tax assets based on the amount that the Company believes is more likely than not to be realized. In making such a determination, the Company considers all available positive and negative evidence, including reversals of existing taxable temporary differences, tax-planning strategies, and historical results of recent operations. In evaluating the objective evidence that historical results provide, the Company considers three trailing years of cumulative operating income or loss. Valuation allowances are provided, if, based upon the weight of the available evidence, it is more likely than not that some or all of the deferred tax assets will not be realized. A full valuation allowance was recorded against the deferred tax assets as of December 31, 2022 and 2021. Changes in tax laws and rates may affect recorded deferred tax assets and liabilities and the Company's effective tax rate in the future.
The Company believes that its tax positions comply with applicable tax law. The Company may recognize the tax benefit from an uncertain tax position only if it is more likely than not that the tax position will be sustained on examination by the taxing authorities, based on the technical merits of the position.
The Company's income tax expense or benefit, liability and/or receivable, deferred tax assets and liabilities, and liabilities for uncertain tax benefits reflect management’s best assessment of estimated current and future taxes to be paid or received.

Stock-Based Compensation
Restricted Stock Awards and Restricted Stock Units
The Company has granted restricted stock awards ("RSAs") and grants restricted stock units ("RSUs") to certain employees, for which the grant date fair value is equal to the trading price fair value of the Class A common stock on the date of grant. In order to determine the fair value of its Class A common stock on the date of grant and prior to the Merger, Legacy BlackSky historically performed a valuation analysis using a combination of market and income approaches. Subsequent to the Merger, the Company uses the New York Stock Exchange (“NYSE”) trading price as the fair value of the Class A common stock for valuation purposes. For all awards for which vesting is only subject to a service condition, including those subject to graded vesting, the Company has elected to use the straight-line method to recognize the fair value as compensation cost over the requisite service period.
Certain of the Company’s outstanding RSUs had performance vesting conditions that were triggered upon the consummation of the Merger. Therefore, since the performance conditions attributable to these RSUs had been met, the Company commenced recording the associated compensation expense, inclusive of a catch-up amount for the service period between their grant date and satisfaction of the performance condition, as of the closing of the Merger. The fair value of the RSUs that include a performance condition is recognized as compensation expense over the requisite service period using the accelerated attribution method, which accounts for RSUs with discrete vesting dates as if they were a separate award. Expense related to stock-based payments is classified in the consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive loss based upon the classification of each employees’ cash compensation.
Stock Options
The Company uses the Black-Scholes option pricing model to value all options and the straight-line method to recognize the fair value as compensation cost over the requisite service period. The fair value of each option
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granted was estimated as of the date of grant. The Company granted options in the year ended December 31, 2022. The Company uses the following inputs when applying the Black-Scholes option pricing model:
Expected Dividend Yield. The Black-Scholes valuation model requires an expected dividend yield as an input. The dividend yield is based on historical experience and expected future changes. The Company currently has no plans to pay dividends on its Class A common stock.
Expected Volatility. The Company does not have enough historical share price history; therefore, the expected volatility was estimated based upon the historical share price volatility of guideline comparable companies.
Risk-free Interest Rate. The yield on actively traded non-inflation indexed U.S. Treasury notes was used to extrapolate an average risk-free interest rate based on the expected term of the underlying grants.
Expected Term. For options granted in 2021 and 2022, since there is not a history of option exercises as a public company, the Company considered the option vesting terms and contractual period, as well as the demographics of the holders, in estimating the expected term. For options granted prior to 2021, the expected term was the estimated duration to a liquidation event based on a weighted average consideration of the most likely exit prospects for that stage of development. Legacy BlackSky was privately funded and, accordingly, the lack of marketability was factored into the expected term of options granted. The Company will review its estimate in the future and adjust it, if necessary, due to changes in the Company’s historical exercises.
The most significant assumption used to determine the fair value of the Legacy BlackSky equity-based awards was the estimated fair value of the Class A common stock on the grant date. In order to determine the fair value of its Class A common stock on the date of grant and prior to the Merger, Legacy BlackSky historically performed a valuation analysis using a combination of market and income approaches. Subsequent to the Merger, the Company uses the NYSE trading price as the fair value of the Class A common stock for valuation purposes.
Legacy BlackSky historically adjusted the exercise price of certain outstanding stock options. For each award with an adjusted exercise price, Legacy BlackSky calculated the incremental fair value, which was the excess of the fair value of the modified award over the fair value of the original award immediately before the modification. The incremental fair value was recognized as stock-based compensation expense immediately to the extent that the modified stock option already had vested, and for stock options that were not yet vested, the incremental fair value has been recognized as stock-based compensation expense over the remaining vesting period.

Common Stock Repurchases and Retirements
The Company may repurchase common stock from employees or former employees and recognizes any excess of the repurchase price over the fair value of the instruments repurchased as additional compensation cost. Further, when that same common stock is retired, the excess is charged entirely to retained earnings. During the year ended December 31, 2022, the Company repurchased and retired 14,603 shares of common stock. The Company recorded $30 thousand to retained earnings in the consolidated balance sheets as of December 31, 2022 and $18 thousand to stock-based compensation as part of selling, general, and administrative expense in the consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive loss for the year ended December 31, 2022.

Segment Information
The Company’s Chief Operating Decision Maker (as defined under GAAP), who is the Company’s Chief Executive Officer, has determined the allocation of resources and assessed performance based upon the consolidated results of the Company. Accordingly, the Company is currently deemed to be comprised of only one operating segment and one reportable segment. This segment, which comprises the continuing operations of the Company’s single operating and reportable segment, provides geospatial intelligence, imagery and related data analytic products and services, and mission systems that include the development, integration, and operation of satellite and ground systems to government and commercial customers.

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Sponsor Shares
Osprey pre-Merger class B common shares were exchanged for the Company’s class A common shares upon the consummation of the merger (“Sponsor Shares”). The Company accounted for the Sponsor Shares in accordance with the guidance contained in ASC 815-40, under which the Sponsor Shares did not meet the criteria for equity treatment and were recorded as derivative liabilities in the Company’s consolidated balance sheets as of December 31, 2022. The Sponsor Shares are adjusted to fair value at each reporting period and the change in fair value is recognized in gain on derivatives in the Company’s consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive loss.

Transaction Costs
Transaction costs consist of legal fees, accounting fees, underwriting fees, and other third-party costs related directly to the Reverse Recapitalization. As a reverse recapitalization transaction between a private operating company and a public shell company that had cash on its balance sheet and that was accounted for as the issuance of equity by Legacy BlackSky for the cash of the shell company, the transaction costs incurred by Legacy BlackSky were permitted to be charged directly to equity. Upon the closing of the Merger, $19.2 million of transaction costs that had been incurred by Legacy BlackSky, inclusive of amounts that previously had been capitalized as other assets prior to the closing of the Merger, were recorded as a reduction to additional paid-in capital in the consolidated statements of changes in stockholders’ equity (deficit) and consolidated balance sheets, and as a reduction to proceeds from the transaction in the consolidated statements of cash flows. The transaction costs of $0.3 million related to the Sponsor Shares were expensed.

Deferred Offering Costs
Offering costs consist of legal fees, accounting fees, underwriting fees, and other third-party costs that are directly related to the Company’s future equity offering(s) and will be charged to additional paid in capital upon the completion of the applicable future transaction. During the year ended December 31, 2022 the Company incurred offering costs of $0.5 million, which are included in other assets in the Company's consolidated balance sheets as of December 31, 2022; there were no deferred offering costs capitalized as of December 31, 2021.

3. Accounting Standards Updates (“ASU”)

Accounting Standards Recently Adopted
Effective January 1, 2022, the Company adopted ASC 842. Theamendments in this update required the recognition of lease assets and lease liabilities on the balance sheet, as well as certain qualitative disclosures regarding leasing arrangements. The Company adopted ASC 842 using the modified retrospective method, with the cumulative effect of initially applying these updates recognized at the date of initial application. The adoption of this standard is reflected in the amounts and disclosures set forth in this Form 10-K. Upon adoption, the Company recognized operating lease ROU assets of $3.6 million, current operating lease liabilities of $530 thousand and long-term operating lease liabilities of $3.1 million, respectively in its consolidated balance sheets. There were no material impacts to the consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive loss or consolidated statements of cash flows.

Effective January 1, 2022, the Company adopted ASU No. 2019-12, Income Taxes (Topic 740): Simplifying the Accounting for Income Taxes”. The amendments in this update are intended to simplify various aspects related to accounting for income taxes. This ASU removes certain exceptions to the general principles in Topic 740 and also clarifies and amends existing guidance to improve consistent application. This ASU was applied on a prospective basis. There were no material impacts to the consolidated financial statements upon adoption.

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Accounting Standards Recently Issued But Not Yet Adopted
In June 2016, the FASB issued ASU No. 2016-13,Financial Instruments - Credit Losses (Topic 326): Measurement of Credit Losses on Financial Instruments”. The amendments in this update are primarily for entities holding financial assets and net investment leases measured under an incurred loss impairment methodology. A new methodology must be adopted to reflect expected credit losses and requires consideration of a broader range of reasonable and supportable information to inform credit loss estimates, which would include losses on trade accounts receivable. This ASU requires modified retrospective application. The guidance is effective for public business entities that are not smaller reporting companies for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2019, including interim periods therein. For all other entities, the guidance is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2022, including interim periods therein. The Company will adopt this guidance as of January 1, 2023 and we do not expect this guidance will materially impact the Company.

4. Reverse Recapitalization
As described in Note 1, the Merger between Osprey and Legacy BlackSky closed on September 9, 2021. In connection with the Merger:
A number of parties agreed to purchase an aggregate of 18.0 million shares of Osprey class A common stock (the “PIPE Shares”), for a purchase price of $10.00 per share, and an aggregate purchase price of $180.0 million, pursuant to the subscription agreements dated February 17, 2021. While executed pre-Merger, the sale of PIPE Shares was consummated substantially concurrently with the closing of the Merger and participants received shares of BlackSky Class A common stock.
As part of a strategic partnership, Palantir Technologies Inc. (“Palantir”) agreed to purchase an aggregate of 0.8 million shares of Osprey class A common stock for a purchase price of $10.00 per share and an aggregate purchase price of $8.0 million pursuant to a subscription agreement entered into on August 31, 2021, which contained substantially similar terms as the PIPE subscription agreement described above. The Palantir subscription agreement closed on September 13, 2021, two business days subsequent to the closing of the Merger, and Palantir received 0.8 million shares of BlackSky Class A common stock.
79.0 million shares of Osprey class A common stock were issued for all of the issued and outstanding equity interests of Legacy BlackSky, inclusive of shares of Osprey’s class A common stock issued in exchange for Legacy BlackSky’s (1) issued and outstanding class A common stock, (2) issued and outstanding preferred stock, (3) shares of common stock issued upon the conversion of Legacy BlackSky’s convertible promissory notes (inclusive of interest accrued thereon), as if each had converted into Legacy BlackSky class A common stock immediately prior to the Merger, and (4) shares of preferred stock and common stock issued upon the manual or automatic exercise of certain warrants immediately prior to the Merger. Both outstanding preferred stock shares and preferred stock share activity related to all of Legacy BlackSky’s redeemable convertible preferred stock have been retrospectively adjusted for the exchange and included as equity in the Company’s consolidated balance sheets and statements of changes in redeemable convertible preferred stock and stockholders’ equity (deficit) from the beginning of the earliest period presented in order to reflect the Company’s equity structure for all reporting periods.
Outstanding Legacy BlackSky RSUs, RSAs, options, and common stock warrants that were neither exercised nor forfeited immediately prior to the Merger were exchanged, based on the exchange ratio applicable to shares of Legacy BlackSky’s class A common stock, for RSUs, RSAs, options, and warrants, respectively, that vest into or become exercisable for the Company’s Class A common stock. Upon exchange, these awards remained subject to the same vesting and exercise terms and conditions as were applicable to the awards pre-Merger.
21.4 million shares of Osprey class A common stock were redeemed by Osprey pre-Merger public shareholders. The price paid in excess of the pro-rata portion of additional paid-in capital was recorded
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in accumulated deficit in the consolidated balance sheets and consolidated statements of changes in stockholders’ equity (deficit) as of and for the year ended December 31, 2021.
7.9 million shares of Osprey class B common stock that were outstanding immediately prior to the Merger were converted to 7.9 million shares of Osprey class A common stock, inclusive of 2.4 million shares that are subject to (1) up to a seven year lockup period, with release terms that are based upon the performance of the Company’s common stock or a change in control event and (2) potential forfeiture.
The following table reconciles the elements of the Merger to the consolidated statements of cash flows and the consolidated statement of changes in stockholder's equity (deficit) for the year ended December 31, 2021 (in thousands):
Cash – Osprey’s trust and cash (net of redemptions)$103,049 
Cash - PIPE financings (PIPE Shares and Palantir)188,000 
Gross Merger proceeds$291,049 
Less: fees paid to Osprey IPO underwriters(11,173)
Less: other Osprey transaction costs(15,831)
Less: BlackSky transaction costs(19,165)
Proceeds from Reverse Recapitalization, net payment of BlackSky equity issuance costs$244,880 
Less: non-cash assets and warrant liabilities assumed from Osprey(43,963)
Net impact from Reverse Recapitalization to BlackSky's equity$200,917 
The number of shares of Company Class A common stock originally issued by Osprey prior to Merger and the recapitalization of the Class A common stock following the Merger are as follows:
Number of Shares
(in thousands)
Osprey class A common stock, outstanding prior to Merger31,625 
Less: redemption of Osprey class A common stock(21,375)
Total Osprey class A common stock pre-Merger10,250 
Osprey Founder class A common stock5,534 
Class A common stock issued in PIPE and Palantir financing18,800 
Total Merger, PIPE, and Palantir financing class A common stock34,584

5. Revenue
Disaggregation of Revenue
The Company earns revenue through the sale of imagery and software analytical services and professional and engineering services. The Company’s management primarily disaggregates revenue as follows: (i) imagery; (ii) data, software and analytics; and (iii) professional and engineering services. This disaggregation allows the Company to evaluate market trends in certain imagery and software analytical services and professional and engineering services. These offerings currently have both recurring and non-recurring price attributes, particularly the professional and engineering services offerings.
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The following table disaggregates revenue by type for the years ended December 31, 2022 and 2021:
Years Ended December 31,
20222021
(in thousands)
Imagery$34,242 $8,648 
Data, software and analytics13,173 6,717 
Engineering services9,372 9,039 
Professional services8,563 9,681 
Total revenue$65,350 $34,085 
The approximate revenue based on geographic location of customers is as follows for the years ended December 31, 2022 and 2021:
Years Ended December 31,
20222021
(in thousands)
North America$54,052 $29,557 
Middle East3,459 2,661 
Asia6,246 1,300 
Other1,593 567 
Total revenue$65,350 $34,085 
Revenue from significant customers for the years ended December 31, 2022 and 2021 is as follows:
Years Ended December 31,
20222021
(in thousands)
U.S. federal government and agencies$53,186 $29,382 
International governments11,375 4,102 
Commercial and other789 601 
Total revenue$65,350 $34,085 
As of December 31, 2022 and 2021, accounts receivable consisted of the following:
December 31,December 31,
20222021
(in thousands)
U.S. federal government and agencies$2,540 $2,576 
International government261 76 
Commercial and other311 16 
Allowance for doubtful accounts— (39)
Total accounts receivable$3,112 $2,629 
Backlog
Backlog represents the future sales we expect to recognize on firm orders received by the Company and is equivalent to the Company’s remaining performance obligations at the end of each period. It comprises both
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funded backlog (firm orders for which funding is authorized and appropriated) and unfunded backlog. The Company's backlog excludes unexercised contract options. As of December 31, 2022, the Company had $259.4 million of backlog, which represents the transaction price of executed contracts less inception to date revenue recognized. The Company expects to recognize revenue relating to our backlog, of which a portion is recorded in deferred revenue in the consolidated balance sheets, of $63.0 million, $28.5 million, and $167.9 million in the fiscal year 2023, 2024, and thereafter, respectively.

6. Contract Assets and Liabilities
The components of contract assets and contract liabilities consisted of the following:
December 31,December 31,
20222021
(in thousands)
Contract assets - current
Unbilled revenue$5,706 $788 
Contract assets— 890 
Total contract assets - current$5,706 $1,678 
Contract assets - long-term
Unbilled revenue - long-term$1,287 $— 
Contract assets - long-term681 — 
Total contract assets - long-term(1)
$1,968 $— 
Contract liabilities - current
Deferred revenue - short-term$6,783 $11,082 
Other contract liabilities - short-term— 184 
Total contract liabilities - current$6,783 $11,266 
Deferred revenue - long-term— 568 
Other contract liabilities - long-term109 — 
Total contract liabilities - long-term$109 $568 
(1) Total contract assets - long term is included in other assets in the consolidated balance sheets.
Deferred revenue and other contract liabilities are reported as contract liabilities in the accompanying consolidated balance sheets. Contract liabilities include payments received and billings made in advance of the satisfaction of performance obligations under the contract and are realized when the associated revenue is recognized under the contract. Contract assets include (i) unbilled revenue, which is the amount of revenue recognized in excess of the amount billed to customers, where the rights to payment are not just subject to the passage of time; and (ii) costs incurred to fulfill contract obligations. Other contract assets and other contract liabilities primarily relate to contract commissions on customer contracts.
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Changes in short-term and long-term contract assets and contract liabilities for the year ended December 31, 2022 were as follows:
Contract AssetsContract Liabilities
(in thousands)
Balance on January 1, 2022$1,678 $11,834 
Billings or revenue recognized that was included in the beginning balance(788)(10,576)
Changes in contract assets or contract liabilities, net of reclassification to receivables6,992 2,317 
Cumulative catch-up adjustment arising from changes in estimates to complete— 2,778 
Cumulative catch-up adjustment arising from contract modification— 614 
Changes in costs to fulfill and amortization of commission costs(208)— 
Changes in contract commission costs— (75)
Balance on December 31, 2022$7,674 $6,892 

7. Equity Method Investments
LeoStella
The Company accounts for its investment in LeoStella as an equity method investment. The Company did not make any additional capital investments in LeoStella during the years ended December 31, 2022 or 2021; the Company received distributions of $0.8 million and $0.3 million during the years ended December 31, 2022 and 2021, respectively. During the years ended December 31, 2022 and 2021, the Company remitted $28.0 million and $19.3 million, respectively, of payments to LeoStella for satellite manufacturing and satellite software development.
LeoStella's revenue from related parties was $26.1 million and $46.2 million for the years ended December 31, 2022 and 2021, respectively. The Company had differences between the carrying value of its equity method investments and the underlying equity in the net assets of the investees of $2.6 million and $2.9 million as of December 31, 2022 and 2021, respectively. The difference is the result of the elimination of upstream intra-entity profits from the sale of satellites.
X-Bow
In 2017, the Company entered into a stock subscription and technology transfer agreement with X-Bow, whereby the Company assigned and transferred certain intellectual property rights owned by the Company to X-Bow in exchange for 13.5 million shares of X-Bow, a strategic investment in a space technology company specializing in additive manufacturing of solid rocket motors. As of December 31, 2022, the Company's interest in X-Bow was less than 20%.
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The following tables present summarized financial information for the Company’s equity method investments as of December 31, 2022 and December 31, 2021 and for the years ended December 31, 2022 and 2021.
December 31,December 31,
Summarized balance sheets20222021
(in thousands)
Current assets$61,473 $60,652 
Non-current assets10,308 5,798 
Total assets$71,781 $66,450 
Current liabilities$35,695 $39,612 
Noncurrent liabilities2,642 706 
Total liabilities$38,337 $40,318 
Years Ended December 31,
Summarized statements of operations20222021
(in thousands)
Revenue$41,668 $61,802 
Net (loss) income(6,000)6,540 
Current assets of the Company’s equity method investees primarily consisted of cash of $30.5 million and $25.8 million as of December 31, 2022 and 2021, respectively. Total liabilities of the Company’s equity method investees primarily consisted of customer advances of $29.2 million and $35.2 million as of December 31, 2022 and 2021, respectively.

8. Discontinued Operations
On June 12, 2020, the Company completed the sale of 100% of its equity interests in Spaceflight to M&Y Space. Under a transition services agreement that ended in March 2022, the Company provided post-closing transition services to Spaceflight, including, but not limited to, the sublease of the Company’s office facility in Seattle, Washington and common area maintenance fees related to the sublease.
Settlement Arrangement for the Sale of Spaceflight
On March 30, 2021, the Company settled certain disputes with respect to the purchase price in the total amount of $6.8 million, which was accrued as a liability as of December 31, 2020. The Company paid the settlement amount in two tranches—(i) $2.0 million on April 1, 2021 and (ii) the remaining $4.8 million was triggered at the closing of the Merger. In April 2021, the Company also terminated a launch arrangement with Spaceflight and, as agreed upon by the parties, offset the amount due to M&Y Space with a contractual refund of $3.9 million, of which the net amount of $819 thousand was settled for cash in September 2021. As a result, the Company recorded a reduction to the accrued liability and a reduction to satellite procurement in the consolidated balance sheet as of December 31, 2021.
On February 9, 2022, the Company received an indemnification claim notice regarding certain collection and tax payments related to the Share Purchase Agreement dated as of January 31, 2020 among BlackSky Holdings, Inc., Spaceflight, and M&Y Space. On October 21, 2022, the parties agreed to the framework for a global settlement of such indemnification claims, to include a settlement payment by the Company of $1.0 million and a holdback amount of $0.1 million subject to M&Y Space Co.’s ability to collect against certain receivables. As a result, we reduced our existing contingent liability by $0.7 million, which was recorded as a gain from discontinued operations in the year ended December 31, 2022.
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The following summarizes the components of the gain (loss) from discontinued operations, net of income taxes, that the Company has reported in the consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive loss. The Company recognized an unfavorable working capital adjustment of $1.7 million during the year ended December 31, 2021 primarily related to a potential shortfall in accounts receivable in the closing balance sheet delivered to M&Y Space.
Years Ended December 31,
20222021
(in thousands)
Major classes of line items constituting loss from discontinued operations:
Revenue - launch services$— $— 
Total operating costs and expenses— — 
Operating loss— — 
Loss from discontinued operations, before income taxes— — 
Gain (loss) on disposal of discontinued operations707 (1,650)
Total gain (loss) from discontinued operations, net of income taxes707 (1,650)


9. Property and Equipment - net
The following summarizes property and equipment - net as of:
December 31,December 31,
20222021
(in thousands)
Satellites$116,219 $93,709 
Software8,503
Software development in process2,942
Computer equipment1,9961,372
Office furniture and fixtures674744
Other equipment631682
Site equipment2,5581,504
Total133,52398,011
Less: accumulated depreciation(61,939)(27,460)
Property and equipment — net$71,584 $70,551 
Depreciation of property and equipment from continuing operations was $35.1 million and $12.9 million for the years ended December 31, 2022 and 2021, respectively.
The Company disposed of property and equipment, which consisted of site equipment, furniture and ground station equipment of $0.6 million and $2.9 million, during the years ended December 31, 2022 and 2021, respectively, for a loss of $0 and $24 thousand for the years ended December 31, 2022 and 2021, respectively.
On May 15, 2021, a rocket carrying two of the Company's satellites suffered a failure during flight, resulting in the loss of both satellites. This resulted in the total carrying value of $18.4 million being impaired in the second quarter of 2021. The $18.4 million includes satellite procurement, launch, shipping, launch support and other associated costs. There was no impairment for the year ended December 31, 2022.

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10. Goodwill and Intangible Assets

Goodwill
The Company performed an annual qualitative goodwill assessment of the goodwill held related to the BlackSky reporting unit as of October 1, 2022. The Company determined that no triggering events occurred that would require the Company to quantitatively test goodwill for impairment during the year ended December 31, 2022. As of December 31, 2022, the Company believes that the estimated fair values of the BlackSky reporting unit is still in excess of its respective carrying value and therefore is not at-risk of being impaired. To the extent this reporting unit realizes actual operating results in the future below forecasted results, or realizes decreases in forecasted results as compared to previous forecasts or, in the event the estimated fair value of the reporting unit decreases (as a result, among other things, of changes in market capitalization, including further declines in the stock price), the Company may incur goodwill impairment charges in the future. Goodwill was as follows:
December 31, 2022December 31, 2021
(in thousands)
Gross carrying amount$9,393 $9,393 
Accumulated impairment losses— — 
Net carrying value of goodwill$9,393 $9,393 

Intangible Assets
The components of intangible assets were as follows:
December 31, 2022December 31, 2021
(in thousands)
Gross carrying amount$6,530 $6,530 
Accumulated amortization(4,612)(4,050)
Net carrying amount (1)
$1,918 $2,480 
(1) For the years ended December 31, 2022 and 2021, the net carrying amount of intangible assets was made up entirely of customer relationships.

For the years ended December 31, 2022 and 2021, amortization expense related to intangible assets was $0.6 million and $1.4 million, respectively. These amounts were included in depreciation and amortization expense in the consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive loss. The Company estimates that it will have the following amortization expense for the future periods indicated below:
For the years ending December 31:(in thousands)
2023$561 
2024561 
2025561 
2026235 
Total$1,918 

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11. Accounts Payable and Accrued Liabilities
The components of accounts payable and accrued liabilities were as follows:
December 31,December 31,
20222021
(in thousands)
Accounts payable$2,421 $1,723 
Accrued payroll6,127 4,089 
Accrued professional services, legal, and other general and administrative3,040 2,043 
Accrued cost of goods sold and other expenses2,780 2,982 
Total accounts payable and accrued liabilities$14,368 $10,837 

12. Other Current Liabilities
The components of other current liabilities were as follows:
December 31,December 31,
20222021
(in thousands)
Other current liabilities$256 $324 
Accrued interest1,176 — 
Current portion of capital lease— 49 
Operating lease right-of-use liabilities530 — 
Contingent liability86 761 
Working capital liability— 1,685 
Total other current liabilities$2,048 $2,819 


13. Employee Benefit Plan
The Company has a 401(k) savings plan. Eligible employees may voluntarily contribute a percentage of their compensation to their 401(k) account. The Company provides a 401(k) employer match of 50% of the first 6% of the employee’s salary contribution. The benefit vests over a five-year period beginning 90 days after the employee’s date of hire. For the years ended December 31, 2022 and 2021, the 401(k) employer match expense was $0.9 million and $0.6 million, respectively, for continuing operations.

14. Income Taxes
The Company's consolidated effective income tax rate from continuing operations for the years ended December 31, 2022 and 2021 was 0.0%. The Company's provision for income taxes from continuing operations for the years ended December 31, 2022 and 2021 is as follows:
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Years Ended December 31,
20222021
(in thousands)
Current:
Federal$— $— 
State— — 
Total current$— $— 
Deferred:
Federal— — 
State— — 
Total deferred$— $— 
Total provision for income taxes$— $— 
The Company’s operations are domestically located and therefore, the Company is not subject to tax in foreign jurisdictions. Income tax (benefit) expense differed from the amount computed by applying the federal statutory income tax rate of 21% to loss before income taxes due to the following items for the years ended December 31, 2022 and 2021:
Years Ended December 31,
20222021
(in thousands)
Tax benefit at federal statutory rate$(15,725)$(51,673)
Non-deductible compensation(1,092)4,431 
State tax, net of federal benefit(3,227)(3,296)
Valuation allowance18,834 25,631 
Shortfall of stock compensation deduction3,190 — 
Non-deductible interest— 21,715 
Non-taxable warrants(2,481)(5,016)
Uncertain tax position— 8,449 
Other501 (241)
Income tax (expense) benefit$— $— 
The income tax (expense) benefit as of December 31, 2022 and 2021 was $0. The tax benefits associated with losses generated by the consolidated group have been reduced by a full valuation allowance as the Company does not believe it is more-likely-than-not that the losses will be utilized.
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Deferred tax assets and liabilities as of December 31, 2022 and 2021, consisted of the following:
December 31,
20222021
(in thousands)
Deferred tax assets:
Net operating loss carryforwards$54,892 $45,181 
Sec. 163(j) carryforward7,741 6,414 
Accruals and reserves1,613 2,359 
Deferred revenue271 778 
Capital loss carryforward3,919 3,689 
Section 174 - research expenditures6,238 — 
Other deferred tax assets6,385 3,631 
Total deferred tax assets81,059 62,052 
Valuation allowance(80,137)(61,460)
Total net deferred tax assets922 592 
Deferred tax liabilities
Basis difference in intangibles(468)(588)
Other deferred tax liabilities(454)(4)
Total deferred tax liabilities(922)(592)
Net deferred tax liabilities$— $— 
The Company continues to provide for a full valuation allowance on its net deferred tax assets as the Company does not believe it is more-likely-than-not that the losses will be utilized after evaluation of all significant positive and negative evidence including, but not limited to, historical cumulative losses over the prior three-year period, as adjusted for permanent items, insufficient sources of taxable income in prior carryback periods and unavailability of prudent and feasible tax-planning strategies.
Below is a summary of the Company's estimated loss and tax credit carryforwards. In the year ended December 31, 2022, the Company performed a historic ownership change analysis and concluded that $1.5 million of federal net operating loss carryforward pre-tax attributes were subject to limitations, as defined by the Internal Revenue Code Sections 382 and 383.
Tax EffectedExpiration
(in thousands)
Federal net operating loss (“NOL”) carryforward$7,966 2033-2036
Federal NOL carryforward45,122 Indefinite
Federal capital loss carryforward3,919 2025
State NOL carryforwards1,804 2037-2042
At December 31, 2022 and 2021 the Company had $252.8 million and $213.9 million of net operating loss (“NOL”) carryforwards for U.S. federal tax purposes, respectively. U.S. federal tax NOL carryforwards generated prior to 2018 of $37.9 million will expire, if unused, between 2033-2036. Under the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act of 2017, as modified by the Coronavirus Aid, Relief, and Economic Security Act, federal NOL carryforwards generated in tax years beginning after December 31, 2017 may be carried forward indefinitely. As of December 31, 2022, the Company had $214.9 million of NOL carryforwards generated after 2017 for U.S. federal tax purposes, which may be used to offset 80% of its taxable income annually.
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The Company files income tax returns in the United States federal jurisdiction and various state jurisdictions. In the normal course of business, the Company is subject to examination by taxing authorities. Tax years 2014-2021 remain open for examination.
Below is a tabular reconciliation of the total amounts of unrecognized tax benefits:
20222021
(in thousands)
Unrecognized tax benefits - January 1$8,443 $— 
Gross increase - tax positions in current period— 8,443 
Gross increase - tax positions in prior period563 — 
Unrecognized tax benefits - December 31$9,006 $8,443 
The majority of the unrecognized tax benefits as of the year ended December 31, 2022 is from the valuation of guaranteed incentives shares issued for SVB guarantors. The balance of unrecognized tax benefits as of December 31, 2022 and 2021, if recognized, would not affect our effective tax rate and would result in adjustments to other tax accounts, primarily deferred tax assets and the net operating loss carry forward.

15. Debt and Other Financing
The carrying value of the Company’s outstanding debt consisted of the following amounts:
December 31,December 31,
20222021
(in thousands)
Current portion of long-term debt$— $— 
Non-current portion of long-term debt77,132 74,126 
Total long-term debt77,132 74,126 
Unamortized debt issuance cost(913)(2,718)
Outstanding balance$76,219 $71,408 
The outstanding debt was solely comprised of loans from related parties with effective interest rates of 7.41% to 8.00% and a maturity date of October 31, 2024.
Under the Company’s loan agreements, minimum required maturities are as follows:
For the years ending December 31,(in thousands)
2023— 
202477,132 
Total outstanding$77,132 
Bridge Notes and Related Transactions
On February 2, 2021, Legacy BlackSky amended its omnibus agreement dated June 27, 2018 (the “2021 Omnibus Amendment”). As a result of the amendment, Legacy BlackSky was permitted to enter into additional indebtedness by issuing new subordinated, unsecured convertible promissory notes (the "Bridge Notes"), between February 2, 2021 and June 30, 2021, for up to an aggregate principal amount of $60 million.
During the period from February 2, 2021 through February 3, 2021, Legacy BlackSky completed the closing of its initial tranche of the Bridge Notes from existing stockholders. The aggregate principal amount of the Bridge Notes issued in the initial tranche was $18.1 million. All investors participating in the initial tranche also received incentive equity equal to seven shares of class A common stock of Legacy BlackSky for each dollar invested. Certain investors participating in the initial tranche additionally received warrants exercisable for shares of Legacy BlackSky class A common stock in amounts ranging from 0.14% of Legacy BlackSky’s
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fully-diluted share capital for each dollar invested divided by $1.0 million to 3.5% of Legacy BlackSky’s fully-diluted share capital (Note 16). On February 18, 2021, the Company completed the closing of a second tranche of the Bridge Notes, raising an aggregate principal amount of $40.0 million from an existing stockholder and from new investors. Participants in the second tranche did not receive shares of Legacy BlackSky class A common stock or warrants to purchase Legacy BlackSky class A common stock.
Upon the closing of the two previously mentioned tranches, $1.9 million of Bridge Notes remained available to be offered to certain shareholders under terms similar to the initial tranche pursuant to a rights offering (“Rights Offering”). The Company subsequently completed the Rights Offering in June 2021 with a total of $0.5 million additional investment, resulting in final aggregate proceeds of $58.6 million in principal investments pursuant to the Bridge Notes. As the terms of the Rights Offering were substantially identical to those offered in the initial tranche of the Bridge Notes, participants received seven shares of the Legacy BlackSky's class A common stock for each dollar invested, as well as warrants.
The Bridge Notes, in all three tranches, bore interest at a rate of 10% and had a maturity date of April 30, 2025. There were no covenants in the Bridge Notes that were tied to financial metrics. The Company made an irrevocable election to carry the Bridge Notes at fair value.
In connection with the Merger, all of the Company’s issued and outstanding Bridge Notes were converted into Legacy BlackSky class A common stock at a conversion price of 80% of the deemed value of a single Legacy BlackSky class A common share and, immediately thereafter, those Legacy BlackSky class A common shares were exchanged for Osprey class A common shares based on the class A common stock exchange ratio. As of December 31, 2022 and 2021, the Company had no convertible Bridge Notes outstanding.
In connection with the 2021 Omnibus Amendment, the investors guaranteeing the Silicon Valley Bank (“SVB”) line of credit further reaffirmed their guarantees and received a one-time issuance of seven shares of Legacy BlackSky class A common stock for every dollar guaranteed. Additionally, Legacy BlackSky agreed to pay a fee to each of its senior secured lenders (“Consent Fees”). The Consent Fees were payable in either cash or shares of Legacy BlackSky’s class A common stock at the choice of the lender. The Consent Fees were considered variable share-settled liabilities and were recorded at fair value. All of the Consent Fees were settled for cash at the closing of the Merger.
The following table summarizes the additional shares of Legacy BlackSky class A common stock and warrants to purchase Legacy BlackSky class A common stock issued as a result of the Bridge Notes.
Legacy BlackSky Class A Common Stock(1)
Legacy BlackSky Class A Common Stock Warrants(1)
(in thousands)
Issued to SVB guarantors8,485 — 
Issued in connection with the initial tranche of Bridge Notes11,544 3,873 
Issued as incentive shares and as incentive warrants, in connection with the Rights Offering314 51 
Total20,343 3,924 
(1) Issuance of class A common stock and class A common stock warrants has been retroactively restated to give effect to the reverse recapitalization.
In connection with the Merger, all issued and outstanding Legacy BlackSky Bridge Notes and Class A common stock warrants granted in accordance with the Bridge Notes were automatically exercised into Legacy BlackSky class A common stock and those shares were exchanged for the Company's common shares at the exchange rate applicable to the Company’s common stock.
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Loans from Related Parties
After the Merger, the Company’s primary debt (and its sole secured debt) consists of its amended and restated loan and security agreement dated October 31, 2019, as amended or modified from time to time, with Intelsat Jackson Holdings SA (“Intelsat”) and Seahawk SPV Investment LLC (“Seahawk”). Interest accrues on the amounts outstanding under this facility at a fixed rate of 9% until October 31, 2023 and 10% from November 1, 2023 to the maturity date of October 31, 2024. Interest is payable in cash semi-annually in arrears commencing on May 1, 2023. This facility is secured by substantially all of the Company’s assets, is guaranteed by the Company’s subsidiaries, and contains customary covenants and events of default. There are no covenants tied to financial metrics.
Fair Value of Debt
The estimated fair value of all of the Company’s outstanding long-term debt was $73.2 million and $76.1 million as of December 31, 2022 and December 31, 2021, respectively, which is different than the historical costs of such long-term debt as reflected in the Company’s consolidated balance sheets. The fair value of the long-term debt was estimated using Level 3 inputs, based on interest rates available for debt with terms and maturities similar to the Company’s existing debt arrangements and credit rating.
Compliance with Debt Covenants
As of December 31, 2022, all debt instruments contain customary covenants and events of default. There are no covenants tied to financial metrics and the Company was in compliance with all non-financial covenants as of December 31, 2022.

16. Equity Warrants Classified as Derivative Liabilities

Equity warrants that are classified as derivative liabilities must be measured at fair value upon issuance and re-valued at the end of each reporting period through expiration and are included in derivative liabilities in the Company's consolidated balance sheets. Any change in fair value between the respective reporting dates is recognized as an unrealized gain or loss in the accompanying consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive loss (Note 23). In the year ended December 31, 2022, the Company's derivative liabilities were made up of only the equity warrants and the Sponsor Shares. In the year ended December 31, 2021, the Company's derivative liabilities included warrants, Consent Fees from the Bridge Notes (see Note 15), and Legacy BlackSky preferred stock warrants.
The following table is a summary of the number of shares of the Company’s Class A common stock issuable upon exercise of warrants at December 31, 2022:
Number of SharesExercise PriceRedemption PriceExpiration DateClassificationGain in value for the year ended December 31, 2022Fair Value at December 31, 2022
(in thousands)(in thousands)
Public Warrants15,813 $11.50 $18.00 9/9/2026Liability$6,600 $2,097 
Private Placement Warrants4,163 $11.50 $18.00 9/9/2026Liability1,623 874 
Private Placement Warrants4,163 $20.00 $18.00 9/9/2026Liability541 458 
In addition, the Company has 1.8 million Class A common stock warrants outstanding which have an exercise price of $0.11 and expiration dates from June 27, 2028 to October 31, 2029. These warrants are equity classified and are included in additional paid-in capital in the Company’s consolidated balance sheets.

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17. Other (Expense) Income
Years Ended December 31,
20222021
(in thousands)
Loss on issuance of Bridge Notes tranche one$— $(84,291)
Loss on issuance of Bridge Notes tranche two— (12,185)
Loss on issuance of Bridge Notes Rights Offering— (3,193)
Debt issuance costs expensed for debt carried at fair value— (47,718)
Transaction costs associated with derivative liabilities— (291)
Proceeds from earn-out payment2,000 — 
Other81 22 
$2,081 $(147,656)
In the year ended December 31, 2022, performance on an earn-out condition within the Share Purchase Agreement dated as of January 31, 2020 among BlackSky Holdings, Inc., Spaceflight, and M&Y Space was met and thus, the Company received payment of $2.0 million.
In February 2021, Legacy BlackSky issued Bridge Notes in two tranches (Note 15). The first tranche of the Bridge Notes were issued at par to several existing investors at a principal amount of $18.1 million and a fair value of $24.2 million. Additionally, certain investors in the first tranche of Bridge Notes received 11.5 million shares of Legacy BlackSky class A common stock with a fair value of $59.8 million and warrants to purchase 3.9 million shares of Legacy BlackSky class A common stock with a fair value of $18.4 million. The transaction involved investments primarily by the existing Legacy BlackSky investors at that time. Legacy BlackSky, which had an external valuation performed on the Bridge Notes, Legacy BlackSky class A common stock, and Legacy BlackSky warrants, determined that the fair value of the financial instruments issued exceeded the cash proceeds received. Since no unstated rights and/or privileges were identified with the first tranche of the Bridge Notes, Legacy BlackSky recorded a loss on issuance of $84.3 million.
The second tranche of the Bridge Notes were issued at par to several new investors and an existing investor at a principal amount of $40.0 million and a fair value of $52.2 million, resulting in a loss on issuance of $12.2 million.
Legacy BlackSky incurred and expensed $47.6 million in debt issuance costs related to the Bridge Notes issued in February 2021 and the modification of existing debt arrangements at that time. These debt issuance costs consisted of 8.5 million shares of Legacy BlackSky class A common stock valued at $43.9 million that were issued to certain guarantors in conjunction with modification of Legacy BlackSky’s SVB line of credit and $3.7 million paid to third-parties in cash. Additionally, the Company incurred $0.1 million in debt issuance costs related to the rights offering, which was expensed.
The debt issuance costs were expensed because the Bridge Notes were being carried on the balance sheet at fair value. The modification of existing debt did not qualify as a troubled debt restructuring, nor did it result in the extinguishment of the debt.

18. Stockholders’ Equity

Class A Common Stock
As of December 31, 2022, the Company was authorized to issue 300.0 million shares of Class A common stock and 100.0 million shares of preferred stock.
Issued and outstanding stock as of December 31, 2022 consisted of 121.9 million and 119.5 million shares of Class A common stock, respectively. The par value of each share of the class A common stock is $0.0001 per share.
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The Company had reserved shares of Class A common stock for issuance in connection with the following:
December 31,December 31,
20222021
(in thousands)
Common stock warrants (exercisable for class A common stock) treated as equity1,770 1,770 
Stock options outstanding8,641 5,022 
Restricted stock units outstanding7,854 10,959 
Public Warrants (exercisable for class A common stock) treated as liability15,813 15,813 
Private Placement Warrants (exercisable for class A common stock) treated as liability8,325 8,325 
Shares available for future grant135,645 140,951 
Total class A common stock reserved178,048 182,840 
The Company has approximately 2.4 million Sponsor Shares that are subject to specific lock-up provisions and potential forfeitures depending upon the post-Merger performance of the Company’s Class A common stock, and therefore are required to be recorded as derivative liabilities at their fair value and adjusted to fair value at each reporting period. As a result, as of December 31, 2022 and December 31, 2021, the Company's derivative liabilities in the consolidated balance sheets included Sponsor Shares of $1.7 million and $4.7 million, respectively. The Company recorded a $3.0 million gain on derivatives in the Company’s consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive loss for the year ended December 31, 2022 related to the fair value adjustments of these Sponsor Shares. The Sponsor Shares have the following provisions:
Terms
Contractual LifeSeven years from the closing date of the Merger

/s/ Jeffrey F. Brotman

Jeffrey F. Brotman

Release Provision
Chief Financial Officer, Chief Legal Officer and Secretary (Principal Financial Officer and Principal Accounting Officer)March 6, 2020Exactly half of the Sponsor Shares have a release provision ("Release") at such time that the volume weighted average price ("VWAP") is equal to, or greater than, $15.00 per share for ten of any twenty consecutive trading days. The remaining Sponsor Shares Release at such time that the VWAP is equal to, or greater than, $17.50 per share for ten of any twenty consecutive trading days. There is an additional provision for acceleration of the Release upon a defined change in control.

/s/ Edward E. Cohen

Edward E. Cohen

Forfeiture Provision
Co-Chairman of
If, within the Board of Directorsseven year period, the Sponsor Shares have not met the Release provisions, the Sponsor Shares will automatically forfeit and be cancelled.


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19. Net Loss Per Share of Class A Common Stock
The following table includes the calculation of basic and diluted net (loss) income per share:
Years Ended December 31,
20222021
(in thousands except per share information)
Loss from continuing operations$(74,879)$(243,993)
Gain (loss) from discontinued operations707 (1,650)
Net loss available to common stockholders$(74,172)$(245,643)
Basic and diluted net loss per share - continuing operations$(0.64)$(3.37)
Basic and diluted net gain (loss) per share - discontinued operations0.01 (0.02)
Basic and diluted net loss per share$(0.63)$(3.39)
Shares used in the computation of basic and diluted net loss per share117,821 72,462 
The potentially dilutive securities listed below were not included in the calculation of diluted weighted average common shares outstanding, as their effect would have been anti-dilutive during the years ended December 31, 2022 and 2021.
Years Ended December 31,
20222021
(in thousands)
Restricted class A common stock57 335 
Common Stock warrants1,770 1,770 
Stock options8,641 5,022 
Restricted stock units7,854 10,959 
Public Warrants (exercisable for class A common stock) treated as liability15,813 15,813 
Private Placement Warrants (exercisable for class A common stock) treated as liability8,325 8,325 
Sponsor Shares2,372 2,372 

20. Stock-Based Compensation
The Company adopted two equity incentive plans in prior years. Legacy BlackSky issued equity and equity-based awards under its 2014 stock incentive plan (the “2014 Plan”) and 2011 stock incentive plan (the “2011 Plan”, together with the 2014 Plan, collectively the “Plans”), which are now administered by the Company’s board of directors. The Plans are no longer active; however, outstanding awards granted under these Plans will not be affected. Both Plans allowed the board of directors to grant stock options, designated as incentive or nonqualified, and stock awards to employees, officers, directors, and consultants. Stock options were granted with an exercise price per share equal to at least the estimated fair value of the underlying class A common stock on the date of grant. The vesting period was determined through individual award agreements and was generally over a four-year period. Awards generally expired 10 years from the date of grant. As of December 31, 2022, the Company had 41 thousand and 1.4 million options outstanding, respectively, under the 2011 and 2014 Plans.
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The stock-based compensation expense attributable to continuing operations is included in the consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive loss as indicated in the table below. Effective January 1, 2022, the Company reorganized its captions on the consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive loss to better align the Company’s broad portfolio. As a result, for the year ended December 31, 2021, the amounts presented to reflect the impact of the reorganization have been recasted. This resulted in a $2.3 million reclassification of stock compensation expense between imagery & software analytical service costs, excluding depreciation and amortization and professional & engineering service costs, excluding depreciation and amortization in the Company's consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive loss.
Years Ended December 31,
20222021
(in thousands)
Imagery & software analytical service costs, excluding depreciation and amortization$553 $1,824 
Professional & engineering service costs, excluding depreciation and amortization1,341 2,297 
Selling, general and administrative18,131 38,450 
Total stock-based compensation expense$20,025 $42,571 
The stock-based compensation expense recorded for the RSUs during the year ended December 31, 2021 included a cumulative adjustment for service completed from the grant date to the close of the Merger as the result of a vested performance condition. Additionally, the Company recorded stock-based compensation related to capitalized internal labor for software development activities of $1.5 million and $11 thousand during the years ended December 31, 2022 and 2021, respectively. These amounts are included in property, plant, and equipment - net in the consolidated balance sheets.

Stock Options
Following the Merger, the outstanding stock options issued under the 2011 Plan and the 2014 Plan may be exercised (subject to their original vesting, exercise and other terms and conditions) to purchase a number of shares of class A common stock equal to the number of shares of Legacy BlackSky class A common stock, as adjusted for the common stock exchange ratio, subject to the same terms and conditions as were applicable to such Legacy BlackSky stock option (each an “Assumed Company Stock Option”). The exercise price per share of each Assumed Company Stock Option was equal to the quotient obtained by dividing the exercise price per share applicable to such Legacy BlackSky stock option by the common stock exchange ratio.
The Black-Scholes option pricing model is used to determine the fair value of options granted. The Company utilized assumptions concerning expected term, a risk-free interest rate, and expected volatility to determine such values. A summary of the weighted-average assumptions used by the Company is presented below:
Years Ended December 31,
20222021
Fair value per common share$2.06 - $2.15$5.40 
Weighted-average risk-free interest rate3.20% - 4.72%1.44 %
Volatility33.90% - 41.10%33.40 %
Expected term (in years)7.638.00
Dividend rate%%
Legacy BlackSky historically adjusted the exercise price of certain outstanding stock options. For each award with an adjusted exercise price, Legacy BlackSky calculated the incremental fair value, which was the excess of the fair value of the modified award over the fair value of the original award immediately before the modification. The incremental fair value was recognized as stock-based compensation expense immediately to the extent that the modified stock option already had vested, and for stock options that were not yet vested, the
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incremental fair value has been recognized as stock-based compensation expense over the remaining vesting period.
A summary of the Company’s stock option activity under the Plans during the year ended December 31, 2022 is presented below:
OptionsWeighted-Average Exercise PriceWeighted Average Contractual TermAggregate Intrinsic Value
(in thousands)(in years)(in thousands)
Outstanding - January 1, 20225,022 $4.49 
Granted5,305 2.14 
Exercised(709)0.07 
Forfeited(977)7.21 
Outstanding - December 31, 20228,641 3.10 8.68$1,868 
Exercisable - December 31, 20221,898 2.73 6.151,333
For options exercised, intrinsic value is calculated as the difference between the estimated fair value on the date of exercise and the exercise price. The total intrinsic value of options exercised during the years ended December 31, 2022 and 2021 was $1.8 million and $7.1 million, respectively. The total fair value of options vested during the years ended December 31, 2022 and 2021 was $1.2 million and $0.9 million, respectively.
As of December 31, 2022, there was $6.6 million of total unrecognized compensation cost, which is expected to be recognized over a weighted-average period of 3.4 years.

Restricted Stock Awards
During the year ended December 31, 2020, the Company granted RSAs, which vest based upon the individual award agreements and generally vest over a three to four-year period. These shares are deemed issued as of the date of grant, but not outstanding until they vest. The Company intends to settle the RSAs in stock, and the Company has the shares available to do so.
A summary of the Company’s nonvested RSA activity during the year ended December 31, 2022 is presented below:
Restricted Stock AwardsWeighted-Average Grant-Date Fair Value
(in thousands)
Nonvested - January 1, 2022335 $0.01 
Vested(200)0.01 
Canceled(78)0.01 
Nonvested - December 31, 202257 0.01 
The Company has not granted any RSAs since 2020.
As of December 31, 2022, there was $1 thousand of total unrecognized compensation cost related to nonvested RSAs granted under the Plan, which is expected to be recognized over a weighted-average period of 1.7 years. The total grant date fair value of shares vested during the year ended December 31, 2022 was $2 thousand.

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Restricted Stock Units
The Company granted an aggregate of 4.6 million RSUs to certain employees and service providers during the year ended December 31, 2022 under the 2021 Plan. The general vesting provisions are that 25% will vest on the one-year anniversary of the vesting commencement date and 75% will vest ratably over twelve consecutive quarters on specified quarterly vesting dates, with the first of such quarterly vesting dates occurring at least three months after the vesting of the initial 25% of the RSUs. During March 2022, 155 thousand RSUs were granted with a different vesting schedule, whereby 50% will vest annually on the anniversary of the vesting commencement date and during September 2022, 419 thousand RSUs were granted whereby 100% of such RSUs will vest at the earlier of (i) the one-year anniversary of the grant date or (ii) the date of the next annual meeting following the grant date.
A summary of the Company’s nonvested RSU activity during the year ended December 31, 2022 is presented below:
Restricted Stock UnitsWeighted-Average Grant-Date Fair Value
(in thousands)
Nonvested - January 1, 202210,959 $6.77 
Granted4,558 2.06 
Vested(6,728)6.92 
Canceled(935)5.36 
Nonvested - December 31, 20227,854 4.08 
A significant portion of the pre-Merger RSU grants vested in accordance with the vesting schedule of 180 days subsequent to the Merger. During the year ended December 31, 2022, 2.6 million of the vested RSUs were withheld to satisfy payroll tax withholding obligations, which was recorded to additional paid-in capital totaling $5.1 million. Unrecognized compensation costs related to nonvested restricted stock units totaled $18.0 million as of December 31, 2022, which is expected to be recognized over a weighted-average period of 2.5 years.

21. Leases
Total Lease Cost
As described in Note 3, effective January 1, 2022, we adopted ASC 842 using the optional transition method. We did not recast the prior period consolidated financial statements and all prior period amounts and disclosures are presented under ASC Topic 840, "Leases".
The components of rent expense, which are included in selling, general and administrative expenses in the Company's consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive loss, were as follows:
March 6, 2020

/s/ Jonathan Z. Cohen

Jonathan Z. Cohen

Co-Chairman of the Board of Directors

March 6, 2020Year Ended December 31, 2022
(in thousands)

/s/ Savneet Singh

Savneet Singh

Operating lease expense

Director

March 6, 2020$1,861 
Variable lease expense960 
Short-term lease expense127 
Sublease income(127)
Total rent expense$2,821 
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Supplemental Balance Sheet Information
Supplemental operating lease balance sheet information consists of the following:

/s/ Robert B. Henske

Robert B. Henske

Director

March 6, 2020As of December 31, 2022
(in thousands)

/s/ Richard Reiss, Jr.

Richard Reiss, Jr.

Operating lease right of use assets - net

Director

March 6, 2020$3,586 

/s/ Robert B. Tinker

Robert B. Tinker

Other current liabilities

Director

March 6, 2020530 
Operating lease liabilities3,132 
Total operating lease liabilities$3,662 

Other Supplemental Information
Other supplemental operating lease information consists of the following for the year ended December 31, 2022:
Operating cash flows for operating leases (in thousands)$1,771 
ROU assets obtained in exchange for new lease liabilities (in thousands)$5,225
Weighted average remaining lease term (in years)9.36
Weighted average discount rate10.95 %

22. Related Party Transactions
A summary of the Company’s related party transactions during the year ended December 31, 2022 is presented below:
Amount Due to Related Party as of
December 31,December 31,
20222021
NameNature of RelationshipDescription of the Transactions(in thousands)
SeahawkDebt IssuerIn 2019, the Company raised and converted $18.4 million from prior debt into new, outstanding debt and issued 13.5 million warrants to purchase Legacy BlackSky common stock.$20,787 $19,977 
IntelsatDebt IssuerIn 2019, the Company entered into a term loan facility for $50.0 million and issued 20.2 million warrants to purchase Legacy BlackSky common stock.56,345 54,149 
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Amount Due to Related Party as of
Total Payments in the year ended December 31,December 31,December 31,
Nature of Relationship2022202120222021
NameDescription of the Transactions(in thousands)
LeoStellaJoint VentureDesign, development and manufacture of multiple satellites.$28,042 $19,257 $3,728 $8,381 
X-BowEquity Method InvesteeIn 2017, the Company received stock in X-Bow. As of December 31, 2022, the Company had a less than 20% investment in X-Bow and had one Board seat. As described in Note 7, the Company has engaged X-Bow to develop a rocket for the Company.900 1,865 — — 
Ursa Space SystemsStrategic PartnerThe chairman of the Company’s board of directors, Will Porteous, is also an investor and member of the board of directors of Ursa Space Systems. The Company has a non-cancelable operational commitment with Ursa Space Systems.583 809 — 83 
Thales Alenia SpaceShareholder and Parent of Wholly-owned Subsidiary, Seahawk (Debt Issuer)Design, development and manufacture of telescopes.11,388 6,050 693 — 
In January 2023, the Company finalized a settlement agreement with LeoStella whereby the Company agreed to pay certain outstanding invoices of $1.4 million and LeoStella agreed to purchase certain customer satellite equipment from the Company for $1.0 million. The net amount due from the Company of $0.4 million was paid to LeoStella in February 2023. As a result of the agreement, as of December 31, 2022, the Company accrued for the proceeds from the sale of the equipment as a reduction in the amounts owed to LeoStella and reduced professional & engineering service costs, excluding depreciation and amortization for the year ended December 31, 2022.
Interest on the term loan facility is accrued and compounded annually. No significant interest payments were made in the years ended December 31, 2022 or 2021. The Company had interest due to related parties of $1.2 million, included in other current liabilities as of December 31, 2022, and $0.5 million included in other liabilities as of December 31, 2021. In February 2021, in connection with the Bridge Notes, the Company agreed to pay Consent Fees of $2.5 million to Intelsat and Seahawk, which were settled for cash at the closing of the Merger (Note 15).
During the first half of 2021, the Company paid $2.5 million to the Founders towards the principal balance, along with a $25 thousand interest payment. In December 2021, the Company issued Class A common stock in exchange for the outstanding principal and accrued interest totaling $12.1 million (Note 15). The total number of Class A common stock exchanged to settle the outstanding debt was 958,082.
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23. Fair Value of Financial Instruments

The following tables present information about the Company’s liabilities that are measured at fair value on a recurring basis as of December 31, 2022 and 2021 and indicate the fair value hierarchy level of the valuation techniques and inputs that the Company utilized to determine such fair value:
December 31, 2022Quoted Prices in Active MarketsSignificant Other Observable InputSignificant Other Unobservable Inputs
(Level 1)(Level 2)(Level 3)
(in thousands)
Liabilities
Public Warrants$2,097 $— $— 
Private Placement Warrants— — 1,332 
Sponsor Shares— — 1,684 
$2,097 $— $3,016 
December 31, 2021Quoted Prices in Active MarketsSignificant Other Observable InputSignificant Other Unobservable Inputs
(Level 1)(Level 2)(Level 3)
(in thousands)
Liabilities
Public Warrants$8,697 $— $— 
Private Placement Warrants— — 3,496 
Sponsor Shares— — 4,732 
$8,697 $— $8,228 
The carrying values of the following financial instruments approximated their fair values as of December 31, 2022 and December 31, 2021 based on their maturities: cash and cash equivalents, restricted cash, short-term investments, accounts receivable, prepaid expenses and other current assets, accounts payable, accrued liabilities, leases payable and other current liabilities.
There were no transfers into or out of any of the levels of the fair value hierarchy during the years ended December 31, 2022 or 2021.
Changes in the fair value of the Level 3 liabilities during the year ended December 31, 2021 of $3.4 million included the Bridge Notes, Private Placement Warrants, Sponsor Shares, Class A common stock warrants, Legacy BlackSky preferred stock warrants, and Consent Fees. The following is a summary of changes in the fair value of the Level 3 liabilities during the year ended December 31, 2022:
Sponsor SharesPrivate Placement Warrants
(in thousands)
Balance, January 1, 2022$4,732 $3,496 
Gain from changes in fair value(3,048)(2,164)
Balance, December 31, 2022$1,684 $1,332 

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24. Commitments and Contingencies

Leases
The Company leases office space under various non-cancellable operating leases with varying lease expiration dates through 2033. Future minimum lease payments under non-cancellable office leases as of December 31, 2022 are as follows:
(in thousands)
For the years ending December 31,
2023$604 
2024889 
2025475 
2026489 
2027504 
Thereafter3,303 
Total lease payments6,264 
Less: imputed interest(2,602)
Present value of lease liabilities$3,662 
As of December 31, 2022, the Company has approximately $149 thousand of commitments for an office space lease that has not yet commenced. The lease commenced in January 2023 with a lease term of 4 years.

Ground Station Services
The Company has purchase commitments for ground station services to be performed by third-parties subsequent to December 31, 2022. Future purchase commitments under non-cancellable ground station service contracts as of December 31, 2022 are as follows:
(in thousands)
For the years ending December 31,
2023$619 
2024443 
2025298 
2026125 
$1,485 

Legal Proceedings
From time to time, we may become involved in various claims and legal proceedings arising in the ordinary course of business, which, by their nature, are inherently unpredictable. We are not currently a party to any material claims or legal proceedings the outcome of which, if determined adversely to us, would individually or in the aggregate, have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition or results of operations. Regardless of outcome, litigation and other legal proceedings can have an adverse impact on us because of defense and settlement costs, diversion of management resources and other factors.

Other Contingencies
The Company analyzed its unique facts and circumstances related to potential obligations in a certain state jurisdiction, including the delivery nature of its prior year intercompany services, payroll and other benefits-
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related services, current shared services between the parent and subsidiaries, and changing state laws and interpretations of those laws, and has determined that the Company may have an indirect tax obligation.
The Company has continued correspondence with the applicable authorities in an effort toward identifying a taxpayer-favorable resolution of the potential liabilities. As a result of this correspondence, the Company has updated its liability including interest and penalties based on its best estimate as of December 31, 2022.
The following table summarizes the estimated indirect tax liability activity during the year ended December 31, 2022:
(in thousands)
Balance, January 1, 2022$737 
Payments(504)
Adjustment to Expense(146)
Balance, December 31, 2022$87 
The Company continues to analyze the additional obligations it may have, if any, and it will adjust the liability accordingly.

Other Commitments
The Company has a commitment for launch and integration services with a launch services provider. As of December 31, 2022, the Company had a commitment for one launch, to include up to two satellites at a future estimated launch date for $1.7 million. The terms of the arrangement also allow the Company to remanifest the satellites if significant delays in excess of 365 days or other inexcusable delays occur with the provider. Subsequent to remanifest efforts four months after the 365 days, the Company can request a refund of all recoverable costs. Payment terms are 15 days from invoice date.
In addition, we have various other operational commitments for the next several years totaling $9.8 million as of December 31, 2022.

25. Concentrations, Risks, and Uncertainties
The Company maintains all cash and cash equivalents with one financial institution. Financial instruments that potentially subject the Company to concentrations of credit risk are primarily accounts receivable and cash deposits.
For the years ended December 31, 2022 and 2021, revenue from customers representing 10% or more of the consolidated revenue from continuing operations was $27.3 million and $15.4 million, respectively. Accounts receivable related to these customers as of December 31, 2022 and 2021 was $0 and $1.3 million, respectively.
Revenue from the U.S. federal government and agencies was $53.2 million and $29.4 million for the years ended December 31, 2022 and 2021, respectively. Accounts receivable related to U.S. federal government and agencies was $2.5 million and $2.6 million as of December 31, 2022 and 2021, respectively.
The Company generally extends credit on account, without collateral. Outstanding accounts receivable balances are evaluated by management, and accounts are reserved when it is determined collection is not probable. As of December 31, 2022 and 2021, the Company evaluated the realizability of the aged accounts receivable, giving consideration to each customer’s financial history and liquidity position, credit rating and the facts and circumstances of collectability on each outstanding account, and did not have a significant reserve for uncollectible account.

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26. Subsequent Events
On March 8, 2023, the Company completed the closing of a private placement whereby the Company issued 16,403,677 shares of the Company’s Class A common stock and warrants to purchase up to an additional 16,403,677 shares of Common Stock.
The purchase price of each share and associated warrant was $1.79. The aggregate gross proceeds to the Company from the private placement were approximately $29.5 million, before deducting the placement agent fees and other offering expenses payable by the Company. The Company intends to use the net proceeds from the private placement for general corporate purposes, including working capital.
The warrants have an exercise price of $2.20 per share of common stock, and are exercisable beginning on September 8, 2023 until September 8, 2028. The warrants issued in the private placement provide that a holder of warrants will not have the right to exercise any portion of its warrants if such holder, together with its affiliates, would beneficially own in excess of 4.99% of the number of shares of common stock outstanding immediately after giving effect to such exercise; provided, however, that each holder may increase or decrease the beneficial ownership limitation by giving notice to the Company; but not to any percentage in excess of 9.99%.

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