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UNITED STATES
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
Washington, D.C. 20549
______________________________________________ 

Form 10-K

 ______________________________________________
(Mark One)
ANNUAL REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934
For the fiscal year ended DecemberMarch 31, 20192023
or
TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934
For the transition period from to
Commission File No. 001-33202

ua-20191231_g1.jpgualogo013117a01.jpg
UNDER ARMOUR, INC.
(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)

______________________________________
Maryland52-1990078
(State or other jurisdiction of

incorporation or organization)
(I.R.S. Employer

Identification No.)
1020 Hull Street
Baltimore, Maryland 21230
(410) 454-6428468-2512
(Address of principal executive offices) (Zip Code)(Registrant’s Telephone Number, Including Area Code)Registrant's telephone number, including area code)
Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:
Class A Common StockUAANew York Stock Exchange
Class C Common StockUANew York Stock Exchange
(Title of each class)(Trading Symbols)(Name of each exchange on which registered)
Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(g) of the Act:
None
Indicate by check mark if the registrant is a well-known seasoned issuer, as defined in Rule 405 of the Securities Act.    Yesþ  ☐   No ¨

Indicate by check mark if the registrant is not required to file reports pursuant to Section 13 or Section 15(d) of the Act. Yes   ¨☐   Noþ ☑

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days.    Yesþ  ☑    No¨  ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically every Interactive Data File required to be submitted and posted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit such files).    Yes  þ    No  ¨

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, a smaller reporting company, or an emerging growth company. See the definitions of “large"large accelerated filer,” “accelerated
" "accelerated filer,” “smaller" "smaller reporting company," and "emerging growth company" in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.
Large accelerated filerAccelerated filer
Non-accelerated filerSmaller reporting company
Emerging growth company
If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act.
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has filed a report on and attestation to its management’s assessment of the effectiveness of its internal control over financial reporting under Section 404(b) of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act (15 U.S.C. 7262(b)) by the registered public accounting firm that prepared or issued its audit report.  ☑
If securities are registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act, indicate by check mark whether the financial statements of the registrant included in the filing reflect the correction of an error to previously issued financial statements.  ☐
Indicate by check mark whether any of those error corrections are restatements that required a recovery analysis of incentive-based compensation received by any of the registrant’s executive officers during the relevant recovery period pursuant to §240.10D-1(b).  ☐

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Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act).    Yes    Noþ

  ☑
As of June 28, 2019,September 30, 2022, the last business day of ourthe registrant's most recently completed second fiscal quarter, the aggregate market value of the registrant’s Class A Common Stock and Class C Common Stock held by non-affiliates was $4,752,779,802$1,250,424,223 and $5,002,002,219,$1,147,881,110, respectively.

As of January 31, 2020,May 15, 2023 there were 188,306,053188,704,689 shares of Class A Common Stock, 34,450,000 shares of Class B Convertible Common Stock and 229,070,426221,441,390 shares of Class C Common Stock outstanding.

DOCUMENTS INCORPORATED BY REFERENCE
Portions of Under Armour, Inc.’s Proxy Statement for the Annual Meeting of Stockholders to be held on May 10, 2020August 29, 2023 are incorporated by reference in Part III of this Annual Report on Form 10-K.


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UNDER ARMOUR, INC.
ANNUAL REPORT ON FORM 10-K
TABLE OF CONTENTS
Item 1A.
Item 1B.
Item 2
Item 5
Item 6
Item 7
Stockholder Matters
N/A 95



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PART II. FINANCIAL INFORMATION
FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS
Some of the statements contained in this Annual Report on Form 10-K constitute forward-looking statements. Forward-looking statements relate to expectations, beliefs, projections, future plans and strategies, anticipated events or trends and similar expressions concerning matters that are not historical facts, such as statements regarding our share repurchase program, our future financial condition or results of operations, our prospects and strategies for future growth, the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on our business, expectations regarding promotional activities, freight, product cost pressures and foreign currency impacts, the impact of global economic conditions and inflation on our results of operations, the development and introduction of new products, the implementation of our marketing and branding strategies, and the future benefits and opportunities from significant investments. In many cases, you can identify forward-looking statements by terms such as "may," "will," "could," "should," "expects," "plans," "anticipates," "believes," "estimates," "predicts," "outlook," "potential" or the negative of these terms or other comparable terminology.
The forward-looking statements contained in this Annual Report on Form 10-K reflect our current views about future events and are subject to risks, uncertainties, assumptions and changes in circumstances that may cause events or our actual activities or results to differ significantly from those expressed in any forward-looking statement. Although we believe that the expectations reflected in the forward-looking statements are reasonable, we cannot guarantee future events, results, actions, levels of activity, performance or achievements. Readers are cautioned not to place undue reliance on these forward-looking statements. A number of important factors could cause actual results to differ materially from those indicated by these forward-looking statements, including, but not limited to, those factors described in "Risk Factors" and "Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations" herein. These factors include without limitation:
changes in general economic or market conditions, including increasing inflation, that could affect overall consumer spending or our industry;
the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on our industry and our business, financial condition and results of operations, including impacts on the global supply chain;
failure of our suppliers, manufacturers or logistics providers to produce or deliver our products in a timely or cost-effective manner;
labor or other disruptions at ports or our suppliers or manufacturers;
increased competition causing us to lose market share or reduce the prices of our products or to increase our marketing efforts significantly;
fluctuations in the costs of raw materials and commodities we use in our products and our supply chain (including labor);
changes to the financial health of our customers;
our ability to successfully execute our long-term strategies;
our ability to effectively develop and launch new, innovative and updated products;
our ability to accurately forecast consumer shopping and engagement preferences and consumer demand for our products and manage our inventory in response to changing demands;
loss of key customers, suppliers or manufacturers;
our ability to effectively market and maintain a positive brand image;
our ability to further expand our business globally and to drive brand awareness and consumer acceptance of our products in other countries;
our ability to manage the increasingly complex operations of our global business;
the impact of global events beyond our control, including military conflict;
our ability to successfully manage or realize expected results from significant transactions and investments;
our ability to effectively meet the expectations of our stakeholders with respect to environmental, social and governance practices;
the availability, integration and effective operation of information systems and other technology, as well as any potential interruption of such systems or technology;
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any disruptions, delays or deficiencies in the design, implementation or application of our global operating and financial reporting information technology system;
our ability to attract key talent and retain the services of our senior management and other key employees;
our ability to effectively drive operational efficiency in our business and realize expected benefits from restructuring plans;
our ability to access capital and financing required to manage our business on terms acceptable to us;
our ability to accurately anticipate and respond to seasonal or quarterly fluctuations in our operating results;
risks related to foreign currency exchange rate fluctuations;
our ability to comply with existing trade and other regulations, and the potential impact of new trade, tariff and tax regulations on our profitability;
risks related to data security or privacy breaches; and
our potential exposure to litigation and other proceedings.

The forward-looking statements contained in this Annual Report on Form 10-K reflect our views and assumptions only as of the date of this Annual Report on Form 10-K. We undertake no obligation to update any forward-looking statement to reflect events or circumstances after the date on which the statement is made or to reflect the occurrence of unanticipated events.

Throughout this Annual Report on Form 10-K: (i) the term "Fiscal 2024" means our fiscal year beginning on April 1, 2023 and ending March 31, 2024; (ii) the term "Fiscal 2023" means our fiscal year beginning on April 1, 2022 and ended March 31, 2023; (iii) the term "Transition Period" means the period beginning on January 1, 2022 and ended March 31, 2022; (iii) the term "Fiscal 2021" means our fiscal year beginning on January 1, 2021 and ended December 31, 2021; and (iv) the term "Fiscal 2020" means our fiscal year beginning on January 1, 2020 and ended December 31, 2020. Our Consolidated Financial Statements are presented in U.S. dollars. As used in this report, the terms "we," "our," "us," "Under Armour" and the "Company" refer to Under Armour, Inc. and its subsidiaries unless the context indicates otherwise.

ITEM 1.
ITEM 1. BUSINESS

General
Our principal business activities are the development,developing, marketing and distribution ofdistributing branded performance apparel, footwear and accessories for men, women and youth. The brand’sOur performance apparel and footwearproducts are engineered in many designs and styles for wearuse in nearly every climate to provide a performance alternative to traditional products. Our products are sold worldwide and are worn worldwide by athletes at all levels, from youth to professional, on various playing fields around the globe as well asand by consumers with active lifestyles.
We generate net revenues from the sale of our products globally to national, regional, independent and specialty wholesalers and distributors. We also generate net revenue from the sale of our products through our direct to consumerdirect-to-consumer sales channel, which includes our brandowned Brand and factory houseFactory House stores and e-commerce websites. In addition, we generate net revenues through product licensing, digital fitness subscriptions and digital advertising on our Connected Fitness applications. A majority of our products are sold in North America; however we believe that our products appeal to athletes and consumers with active lifestyles around the globe.
We plan to continue to grow our business over the long termlong-term through increased sales of our apparel, footwear and accessories,accessories; growth in our direct-to-consumer sales channel; and expansion of our wholesale distribution,distribution. We believe that achievement of our long-term growth objectives depends, in part, on our directability to consumer sales channelexecute strategic initiatives in key areas including our wholesale, footwear, women’s and expansion in international markets. Ourdirect-to-consumer businesses. Additionally, our digital strategy is focused on supporting these long termlong-term objectives, emphasizing the connection and engagement with our consumers through multiple digital touch points, including through our Connected Fitness business.touchpoints.
We were incorporated as a Maryland corporation in 1996. As used in this report, the terms “we,” “our,” “us,” “Under Armour” and the “Company” refer to Under Armour, Inc. and its subsidiaries unless the context indicates otherwise. We have registered trademarks around the globe, including UNDER ARMOUR®, HEATGEAR®, COLDGEAR®, UA HOVR™HOVR® and the Under Armour UA Logologo.jpg®, and we have applied to register many other trademarks. This Annual Report on Form 10-K also contains additional trademarks and tradenames of our Company and our subsidiaries. All trademarks and tradenamestrade names appearing in this Annual Report on Form 10-K are the property of their respective holders.

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Products
Our product offerings consist of apparel, footwear and accessories for men, women and youth. We market our products at multiple price levels and provide consumers with products that we believe are a superior alternative to traditionalnon-performance-oriented athletic products. Our products are primarily designed for athletic and active occasions, though many of our products can be worn or used in casual occasions. In 2019,Fiscal 2023, sales of apparel, footwear and accessories represented 66%, 21%25% and 8%7% of net revenues, respectively. Licensing arrangements and revenue from our Connected Fitness business represented the remaining 5%2% of net revenues. Refer to Note 1711 to the Consolidated Financial Statements for net revenues by product.product category.
Apparel
Our apparel is offered in a variety of styles and fits intended to enhance comfort and mobility, support active movement, regulate body temperature and improve performance regardless of weather conditions. Our apparel is engineered to replace traditional non-performance fabrics in the world of athletics and fitness applications with performance alternativesinnovation and technologies designed and merchandised with a variety of innovativevarious techniques and product styles. Our highly technical products extend primarily across the sporting goods, outdoor and active lifestyle markets. We market our apparel for consumers to provide a benefit you never knew you needed, but can't imagine living without, including HEATGEAR® to wear when it is hot, COLDGEAR® to wear when it is cold, or our RUSH™ or RECOVER™ designed to increase blood flow. Our apparel comes in three primary fit types: compression (tight fit), fitted (athletic fit) and loose (relaxed)(relaxed fit).
HEATGEAR® Our mission is designed to be worn in warmmake athletes better, and we aim to hot temperatures under equipment orinnovate our technical apparel products to provide performance benefits, such as a single layer. While a sweat-soaked traditional non-performance T-shirt can weigh two to three pounds, HEATGEAR® is engineered with a microfiber blend designed to wick moisture from the body which helpscreating breathable warmth, helping the body stay cool and dry and light. We offer HEATGEAR® in a variety of tops and bottoms in a broad array of colors and styles for wear inhotter-than-normal conditions; harnessing the gym or outside in warm weather.
COLDGEAR® is designed to wick moisture from the body while circulating body heat from hot spotsbody's energy to help maintain corefight fatigue; adapting to each athlete's unique body temperature. Ourshape to improve fit and comfort and prevent slippage; and providing protection against rain while maintaining breathability.
These types of innovations and technologies, embedded in many of our apparel products, include: COLDGEAR® apparel provides both dryness, COLDGEAR INFRARED®, HEATGEAR®, UA Iso-Chill™, UA RUSH™, UA SMARTFORM™ and warmth in a single light
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layer that can be worn beneath a jersey, uniform, protective gear or ski-vest, and our COLDGEAR® outerwear products protect the athlete, as well as the coach and the fan from the outside in. Our COLDGEAR® products generally sell at higher prices than our other product styles.UA STORM™.
Footwear
Footwear primarily includes products for running, training, basketball, cleated sports, slides, training,recovery and outdoor.outdoor applications. Our footwear is light, breathable and built with performance attributes for athletes. Our footwear is designed with under-footthe mindset of making athletes better through differentiated and industry leading cushioning technologies includingsuch as Charged Cushioning®, UA HOVR™Flow™, HOVR® and UA Micro G®,. These cushioning platforms provide athletes with plush underfoot and Charged Cushioning®, engineeredimproved ground feel, enhanced responsiveness and lightweight solutions. We also incorporate advanced materials and innovative consumer-centric constructions to a specific sport with advanced outsole construction.enhance performance.
Accessories
Accessories primarily includes the sale of athletic performance gloves, bags, headwear, socks and headwear. Oursports masks. Some of our accessories include HEATGEAR® and COLDGEAR®the technologies mentioned above and are designed with advanced fabrications to provide the same level of performance as our other products.
Connected Fitness
We offer digital fitness subscriptions, along with digital advertising through our MapMyFitness, MyFitnessPal and Endomondo platforms. Our MapMyFitness platform includes applications, such as MapMyRun and MapMyRide.
License
We have agreements with licensees to develop certain Under Armour apparel, footwear, accessories and equipment. In order toTo maintain consistent brand quality, performance and performance,compliance standards, our product, marketing, sales and quality assurance teams are involved in substantially all steps of the design and go to market process in order to maintain brand and compliance standards and consistency.go-to-market process. During 2019,Fiscal 2023, our licensees offered collegiate National Football League ("NFL") and National Basketball Association ("NBA") apparel and accessories, baby and youth apparel, team uniforms, socks, water bottles, eyewear and other specific hard goods equipment that feature performance advantages and functionality similar tolike our other product offerings.

Marketing and Promotion
We currently focus on marketing our products to consumers primarily for use in athletics, fitness, and training activities, and as partemphasizing our ability to support the needs of an active lifestyle.our athletes at all moments of their day. We seek to drive consumer demand by building brand awareness that our products deliver advantages to help athletes perform better.
Sports Marketing
Our marketing and promotion strategy begins with providing and selling our products to high-performing athletes and teams at the high school, collegiate and professional levels. We execute this strategy through outfitting agreements, professional, club and collegiate sponsorship, individual athlete and influencer agreements and by providing and selling our products directly to team equipment managersteams and to individual athletes. We also seek to sponsor and host consumer events to drive awareness and brand authenticity from a grassroots level by hosting combines, camps and clinics for young athletes in manya variety of sports. As a result, our products are seen on the field and on the court, and
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by various consumer audiences through the internet, television, magazines and live at sporting events. This exposure to consumers helps us establish on-field authenticity as consumers can see our products being worn by high-performing athletes.
We are the official outfitter of athletic teams in several high-profile collegiate conferences. We are an official supplier of footwearconferences and gloves toprofessional sport organizations, supporting the NFLathletes on and a partner withoff the NBA which allows us to market our NBA athletes in game uniforms in connection with our products, including basketball footwear.field. We sponsor and sell our products to international sports teams, which helps to drive brand awareness in various countries and regions around the world.worldwide. Further, we leverage our relationships with athletes, teams, leagues and youth experiences in our global and regional marketing and promotions.
Media
We feature our products in a variety of national digital, broadcast, and print media outlets. We also utilize social and mobile media to engage consumers and promote connectivity with our brand and products while engaging with our products. For example, in 2019, we had a digitally led marketing approach for the launch of our UA HOVR™ run franchise, which included a variety of content on various social media platforms.
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consumers throughout their day.
Retail Presentation
The primary goal of ourOur retail marketing strategy is to increase brandfocused on increasing floor space dedicated to our products within our major wholesale accounts and elevating the presentation of our products within our Brand and Factory House retail accounts. Thestores. A key component of our strategy to secure prime floor space within our major wholesale accounts is the design and funding of Under Armour point of sale displays and concept shops, withinwhich enhance our major retail accounts has beenbrand’s presentation by creating a key initiativeshop-in-shop approach using dedicated space—including flooring, lighting, walls, displays and images—exclusively for securing prime floor space, educating the consumer and creatingour products through which we create an exciting environment for the consumer to experience and learn about our brand. Under Armour point of sale displays and concept shops enhance our brand’s presentation within our major retail accounts with a shop-in-shop approach, using dedicated floor space exclusively for our products, including flooring, lighting, walls, displays and images.

Sales and Distribution
The majority of our sales are generated through wholesale channels, which includeincluding national and regional sporting goods chains, independent and specialty retailers, department store chains, mono-branded Under Armour retail stores in certain international markets, institutional athletic departments and leagues and teams. In various countries where we do not have direct sales operations, we sell our products to independent distributors or we engage licensees to sell our products.
We also sell our products directly to consumers through our ownglobal network of brandBrand and factory houseFactory House stores and through e-commerce websites globally.websites. Factory houseHouse store products are specifically designed for sale in our factory houseFactory House stores and serve an important role in our overall inventory management by allowing us to sell a portion of excess, discontinued and out-of-season products, while maintaining the pricing integrity of our brand in our other distribution channels. Through our brand house stores, consumersConsumers experience thea premium full expression of our brand through our Brand House stores while having broader access to our performance products. In 2019,Fiscal 2023, sales through our wholesale, direct to consumer,direct-to-consumer and licensing and Connected Fitness channels represented 60%59%, 34%, 3%38% and 3%2% of net revenues, respectively.
We believe the trend toward performance products is global and plan to continue to introduce our products and simple merchandising story to athletes throughout the world. We are introducing our performance products and services outside of North America in a manner consistent with our past brand-building strategy, including selling our products directly to teams and individual athletes in these markets, thereby providing us with product exposure to broad audiences of potential consumers.
Our primary business operates in four geographic segments: (1)(i) North America, comprising the United States and Canada, (2)(ii) Europe, the Middle East and Africa ("EMEA"), (3)(iii) Asia-Pacific, and (4)(iv) Latin America. Each of theseThese geographic segments operate predominantly in one industry: the development,developing, marketing and distribution ofdistributing branded performance apparel, footwear and accessories. We also operate our Connected Fitness business as a separate segment. Effective January 1, 2019, we changed the way we internally analyze the business and exclude certain corporate costs from our segment profitability measures. We now report these costs within Corporate Other, which is designedRefer to provide increased transparency and comparability of our operating segments. Prior year amounts have been recast to conformNote 19 to the 2019 presentation. These changes have no impact on previously reported consolidated balance sheets, statements of operations, comprehensive income (loss), stockholders' equity, or cash flows.Consolidated Financial Statements for net revenues by segment.
Corporate Other consists largelyprimarily of (i) operating results related to our MapMyFitness digital platform, which includes MapMyRun® and MapMyRide® (collectively "MMR"), and other digital business opportunities; (ii) general and administrative expenses not allocated to an operating segment, including expenses associated with centrally managed departments such as global marketing, global IT, global supply chain and innovation, and other corporate support functions; costs related to our global assets and global marketing, costs related to our headquarters;(iii) restructuring and restructuring related charges; and (iv) certain foreign currency hedge gains and losses.
Our North America segment accounted for approximately 69%65% of our net revenues for 2019. Approximately 28% ofFiscal 2023, while our net revenues were generated from our internationalEMEA, Asia-Pacific and Latin America segments in 2019. Approximately 3% of our net revenues were generated from our Connected Fitness segment in 2019.Nocombined represented approximately 34%. For Fiscal 2023, no single customer accounted for more than 10% of ourthe Company's net revenues in 2019. We plan to continue to grow our business over the long term in part through continued expansion in new and established international markets. Refer to Note 17 to the Consolidated Financial Statements for net revenues by segment.revenues.
North America
We sell our apparel, footwear and accessories in North America through our wholesale and direct to consumerdirect-to-consumer channels. Net revenues generated from the sales of our products in the United States were $3.4 billion and $3.5 billion for the years ended December 31, 2019 and 2018, respectively.Fiscal 2023.
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Our direct to consumerdirect-to-consumer sales are generated through our brandBrand and factory houseFactory House stores and e-commerce website. As of DecemberMarch 31, 2019, we had 169 factory house stores2023, in North America, we had 176 Factory House stores primarily located in outlet
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centers and 18 Brand House stores throughout the United States. As of December 31, 2019, we had 19 brand house stores in North America.States and Canada. Consumers can also purchase our products directly from our e-commerce website, www.underarmour.com.website.
In addition, we earn licensing revenuelicense revenues in North America based on our licensees’ salelicensees' sales of collegiate apparel and accessories, as well as sales of other licensed products.
We distribute the majority of our products sold to our North American wholesale customers and our own retail stores and e-commerce businesseschannels from distribution facilities we lease and operate in California, Maryland and Tennessee. In addition, we distribute our products in North America through third-party logistics providers with primary locations in Canada, New Jersey and Florida. In some instances, we arrange to have products shipped directly to customer-designated facilities from the factories that manufacture our products directly to customer-designated facilities.products.
EMEA
We sell our apparel, footwear and accessories in EMEA primarily through wholesale customers and independent distributors, along with e-commerce websites and brandBrand and factory houseFactory House stores we operate within Europe. We also sell our branded products to various sports clubs and teams in Europe. We generally distribute our products to our retail customers and e-commerce consumers in Europe through a third-party logistics provider in the Netherlands.Netherlands and a bonded warehouse in the United Kingdom. We sell our apparel, footwear and accessories through independent distributors in the Middle East Africa and Russia.Africa.
Asia-Pacific
We sell our apparel, footwear and accessories products in China, South Korea, Australia, Singapore, Malaysia and AustraliaThailand through stores operated by our distribution and wholesale partners, along with e-commerce websites and brandBrand and factory houseFactory House stores that we own and operate. We also sell our products to distributors in New Zealand, India, Taiwan, Hong Kong, India and other countries in Southeast Asia where we do not have direct sales operations. We distribute our products in Asia-Pacific through third-party logistics providers based in Hong Kong, China, South Korea, Australia and India.Singapore.
We have a license agreement with Dome Corporation,a partner in Japan, which produces, markets and sells our branded apparel, footwear and accessories in Japan.accessories. Our branded products are sold in Japanthis market to large sporting goods retailers, independent specialty stores, and professional sports teams and through licensee-owned retail stores. We hold an equity method investmenta non-controlling stake in Dome.our partner.
Latin America
In Fiscal 2021, we transitioned away from direct sales operations to distributors in several countries within the Latin America region. We currently sell our productsapparel, footwear and accessories in Mexico and Chile through wholesale customers, e-commerce websites and branddirect-to-consumer channels. In countries where we no longer have direct sales operations, such as Chile, Argentina, Colombia and factory house stores. In these countries we operate through third-party distribution facilities. In other Latin American countriesBrazil, we distribute our products through independent distributors, which are sourced primarily through our international distribution hub in Panama. We have a license and distribution agreement with a third party that sells our products in Brazil.
Connected Fitness
We offer digital fitness subscriptions, along with digital advertising through our MapMyFitness, MyFitnessPal and Endomondo platforms. Our MapMyFitness platform includes applications, such as MapMyRun and MapMyRide. We engage this community by developing innovative services and other digital solutions to impact how athletes and fitness-minded individuals train, perform and live.

Seasonality
Historically, we have recognized a majority of our net revenues and a significant portion of our income from operations in the last two quarters of the calendar year, driven primarily by increased sales volume of our products during the fall selling season, including a larger proportion of higher margin direct to consumer sales. The level of our working capital generally reflects the seasonality and growth in our business. We generally expect inventory, accounts payable and certain accrued expenses to be higher in the second and third quarters in preparation for the fall selling season.

Product Design and Development
Our products are developed in collaboration with ourby internal product development teams and manufactured with technical fabrications produced by third parties. This approachapproach enables us to select and create superior, technically advanced materials, curated to our specifications, while focusing our product development efforts on style, performance and fit.
With a mission to make athletes better, weWe seek to deliver superior performance in all products.products, with a mission to make athletes better. Our developers proactively identify opportunities to create and improve performance products that meet the evolving
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needs of our consumer.consumers. We design products with consumer-valued technologies, utilizing color, texture and fabrication to enhance our consumersconsumer perception and understanding of product use and benefits.
Our product development team worksteams also work closely with our sports marketing and sales teams as well asand with professional, collegiate and collegiatevarsity athletes to identify product developments, trends and determine market needs. For example, these teams worked closely to identify the opportunity and market for our COLDGEAR® Infrared product, which is a ceramic print technology on the inside of our garments that provides athletes with lightweight warmth, and UA HOVR™, a proprietary underfoot cushioning wrapped in a mesh web, equipped with a MapMyRun powered sensor designed to deliver energy return and real-time coaching.

Sourcing, Manufacturing and Quality Assurance
Many of the specialty fabrics and other raw materials used in our apparel products are technically advanced products developedproduced by third parties and may be available, in the short term, from a limited number of sources.parties. The fabric and other raw materials used to manufacture our apparel products
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are sourced by our contracted manufacturers from a limited number of suppliers pre-approved by us. In 2019,Fiscal 2023, our top five suppliers provided approximately 42%38% of the fabric used in our apparel products came from 5suppliers.and accessories. These fabric suppliers have primary locations in Taiwan, China, Malaysia, United StatesTurkey and Vietnam.Malaysia. The fabrics used by our suppliers and manufacturers are primarily synthetic and involve raw materials, including petroleum basedpetroleum-based products that may be subject to price fluctuations and shortages. We also use cotton as a blended fabric in some of our apparel products, as a blended fabric and also in our CHARGED COTTON® line.products. Cotton is a commodity that is subject to price fluctuations and supply shortages. Additionally, our footwear uses raw materials that are sourced from a diverse base of third partythird-party suppliers. This includes chemicals and petroleum-based components such as rubber that are also subject to price fluctuations and supply shortages.
Substantially all of our products are manufactured by unaffiliated manufacturers. In 2019,Fiscal 2023, our apparel and accessories products were manufacturedmanufactured by 3733 primary contract manufacturers, operating in 1520 countries, with approximately 55%59% of our apparel and accessories products manufactured in Jordan, Vietnam, ChinaCambodia and Malaysia. Of our 3733 primary contract manufacturers, 10ten produced approximately 52%62% of our apparel and accessories products. In 2019,Fiscal 2023, substantially all of our footwear products were manufactured by six primaryeight primary contract manufacturers, operating primarily in Vietnam, ChinaIndonesia and Indonesia. These six primary contract manufacturers produced approximately 96%China.
All of our footwear products.
All manufacturers across all product divisions are evaluated for quality systems, social compliance and financial strength by our internal teams prior tobefore being selected and on an ongoing basis. Where appropriate, we strive to qualify multiple manufacturers for particular product types and fabrications. We also seek out vendors that can perform multiple manufacturing stages, such as procuring raw materials and providing finished products, which helps us to control our cost of goods sold. We enter into a variety ofvarious agreements with our contract manufacturers, including non-disclosure and confidentiality agreements, and weagreements. We require that all of our manufacturers adhere to aour supplier code of conduct regarding manufacturing quality, of manufacturing, working conditions and other social, concerns. Welabor and sustainability-related matters. However, we do not however, have any long term agreements requiring us to utilize any particular manufacturer, and no manufacturer is required to produce our products for the long term. We have subsidiaries strategically located near our key partners to support our manufacturing, quality assurance and sourcing efforts for our products. We also manufacture a limited number of products, primarily for high-profile athletes and teams, on-premises in our quick turn, Special Make-Up Shop located at one of our facilities in Maryland.efforts.

Inventory Management
Inventory management is important to the financial condition and operating results of our business. We manage our inventory levels based on existing orders, anticipated sales and the rapid-deliveryrapid delivery requirements of our customers. Our inventory strategy is focused on continuing to meetmeeting consumer demand while improving our inventory efficiency over the long term by putting systems and processes in place to improve our inventory management. These systems and processes, including our global operating and financial reporting information technology system, are designed to improve our forecasting and supply planning capabilities. In addition, we strive to systems and processes, key areas of focus that we believe will enhance our inventory performance are addedby focusing on adding discipline around theproduct purchasing, of product,reducing production lead time reduction, and betterimproving planning and execution infor selling of excess inventory through our factory houseFactory House stores and other liquidation channels.
Our practice, and the general practice in the apparel, footwear and accessory industries,industry, is to offer retail customers the right to return defective or improperly shipped merchandise. As it relatesFrom time to time, when introducing new product introductions,products, which can often requirerequires large initial launch shipments, we commence production before receiving orders for those products from time to time.products.

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Intellectual Property
We believe we own the material trademarks used in connection with the marketing, distribution and sale of our products both domesticallyin the United States and internationally,in key international markets where our products are currently sold or manufactured. Our major trademarks include the UA Logo logo.jpg® and UNDER ARMOUR®, both of which are registered in the United States, Canada, Mexico, the United Kingdom, the European Union, Japan, China and numerous other countries. We also own trademark registrations for other trademarks including, among others, UA®, ARMOUR®, HEATGEAR®, COLDGEAR®, PROTECT THIS HOUSE®, I WILL®, and many trademarks that incorporate the term ARMOUR such as ARMOURBOX®, ARMOUR® FLEECE,ARMOUR FLEECE® and ARMOUR BRA®BRATM. We also own registrations to protect our connected fitness branding such as MyFitnessPal®, MapMyFitness® and associated MapMy marks and UNDER ARMOUR CONNECTED FITNESS®.marks. We own domain names for our primary trademarks (most notably underarmour.com and ua.com) and hold copyright registrations for several commercials, as well as for certain artwork. We intend to continue to strategically register, both domestically and internationally, trademarks and copyrights we utilize today and those we develop in the future. We will continue to aggressively police our trademarks and pursue those who infringe, both domestically and internationally.
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We believe the distinctive trademarks we use in connection with our products are important in building our brand image and distinguishing our products from those of others. These trademarks are among our most valuable assets. In addition to our distinctive trademarks, we also place significant value on our trade dress, which is the overall image and appearance of our products, and we believe our trade dress helps to distinguish our products in the marketplace. We also have copyright protection covering various designs and other original works.
We apply for, own and maintain utility and design patents that protect certain technologies, materials, manufacturing processes, product features and industrial and aesthetic designs. These patents cover various footwear, apparel, accessories, equipment and digital applications. However, we traditionally have had limited patent protection on some of the technology, materials and processes used in the manufacture of our products. In addition, patents are increasingly important with respect to our innovative products and new businesses and investments. As we continue to expand and drive innovation in our products, we seek patent protection on products, features and concepts we believe to be strategic and important to our business. We will continue to file patent applications where we deem appropriate to protect our new products, innovations and designs that align with our corporate strategy. We expect the number of applications to increase as our business grows and as we continue to expand our products and innovate.

Competition
The market for performance apparel, footwear and accessories is highly competitive and includes many new competitors as well as increased competition from established companies expanding their production and marketing of performance products. Our most direct competitors include, among others, NIKE, Adidas, Puma and lululemon athletica, which are large apparel and footwear companies with strong worldwide brand recognition and significantly greater resources than us. Within our international markets, we also compete with local brands that may have stronger brand recognition regionally. Many of the fabrics and technology used in manufacturing our products are not unique to us, and we own a limited number of fabric or process patents. Some of our competitors are large apparel and footwear companies with strong worldwide brand recognition and significantly greater resources than us, such as Nike and Adidas. We also compete with other manufacturers, including those specializing in performance apparel and footwear, and private label offerings of certain retailers, including some of our retailwholesale customers.
In addition, we must compete with others for purchasing decisions, as well as limited floor space at retailers. We believe we have been successful in this area because of the relationships we have developed and the strong sales of our products. However, if retailers earn higher margins from our competitors’competitors' products or their own private label offerings, they may favor the display and sale of those products.
We believe we have been able to compete successfully because of our brand image and recognition, the performance and quality of our products and our selective distribution policies. We also believe our focusedfocus on athletic performance product style and merchandising story differentiates us from our competition. In the future we expect to compete for consumer preferences and expect that we may face greater competition on pricing. This may favor larger competitors with lower production costs per unit that can spread the effect of price discounts across a larger array of products and across a larger customer base than ours. The purchasing decisions of consumers for our products often reflect highly subjective preferences that can be influenced by many factors, including advertising, media, product sponsorships, product improvements, preferences for inclusive products and brands and changing styles.styles and trends.

Sustainability
At Under Armour, our mission is to make athletes better. Our sustainability strategy sets forth our long-term commitment to finding new ways to drive performance through sustainable innovations that not only deliver a better product for athletes, but also a better world. Our sustainability strategy is centered around three interconnected pillars—products, home field and team. Within these pillars, our strategy focuses on enabling materials innovation to bring about a more circular system, leaving our planet and shared spaces bettered by our presence. Additionally, our strategy focuses on championing diversity, equity and inclusion and human rights within our company, with our suppliers and their workers and in communities across our entire supply chain.
We have always been focused on product innovation, and we are challenging ourselves to be more innovative to improve our existing materials and to create new materials that meet our athletes' expectations—all while using circular design principles to expand our products' sustainability attributes and while reducing the impact of our design, development and manufacturing processes on the environment. We are exploring more ways to use digital technology to elevate the experience of our customers and consumers while also reducing the impact of our operations on the environment. Increasingly, we are working with our supply chain to embed sustainable practices, and be mindful about the sustainability profiles of key raw materials.
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EmployeesIn Fiscal 2021, we publicly announced certain environmental and sustainability goals for 2025, 2030 and 2050 that focus on reducing our greenhouse gas emissions and increasing our annual sourcing of renewable electricity in our owned and operated facilities. In Fiscal 2023, we published our 2021 Sustainability & Impact Report, which can be found on our website. Aligned with Global Reporting Initiative and Sustainable Accounting Standard Board industry standards, our 2021 Sustainability & Impact Report outlines our 23 goals and targets across the three pillars of our sustainability strategy and describes our progress toward a more sustainable future.

Human Capital Management
Under Armour is led by its purpose—We Empower Those Who Strive for More—and our teammates, who bring their different backgrounds, experiences and perspectives, are central to driving our long-term success as an organization and brand. Consistent with our purpose, we believe that our brand is stronger when our collective team is fully engaged and working together to support our athletes around the world. We also believe that having an engaged, diverse and committed workforce not only enhances our culture, it drives our business success, ultimately helping us to deliver the most innovative products that make athletes better. Our human capital management strategy is therefore focused on creating an inclusive workplace where our teammates can thrive by attracting, developing and retaining talent through a competitive total rewards program, numerous development opportunities and a diverse, inclusive and engaging work environment.
As of DecemberMarch 31, 2019,2023, we had approximately 16,400 employees,15,000 teammates worldwide, including approximately 11,30010,000 in our brandBrand and factory houseFactory House stores and approximately 1,5001,400 at our distribution facilities. Approximately 7,0007,400 of our employeesteammates were full-time. MostOf our approximately 7,400 part-time teammates, approximately 6% were seasonal teammates. Our total number of teammates fluctuates throughout the year, with a significant increase in seasonal teammates during the third quarter of each fiscal year.
Diversity, Equity and Inclusion
Our commitment to diversity, equity and inclusion starts at the top with a highly skilled and diverse Board of Directors. Our Board of Directors has ongoing oversight of our employeeshuman capital management strategies and programs and regularly reviews our progress towards achieving our diversity, equity and inclusion goals.
We have set measurable, time-bound goals for improving diversity amongst our team, including a commitment to increase the number of historically underrepresented teammates throughout the levels of leadership within our organization. These goals are locatedpublicly outlined on our corporate website, where we also publish our representation statistics annually. We are also committed to continuing to increase representation of women in the United States. Nonekey areas of our employeesbusiness particularly in leadership, commercial and technical roles globally. Our annual incentive plan for all teammates, including executives, incorporates performance measures in furtherance of our diversity, equity and inclusion goals.
As of March 31, 2023:
the race and ethnicity of our teammate population in the United States, are currently covered by a collective bargaining agreementincluding teammates in our Brand and there are no material collective bargaining agreements in effect in anyFactory House stores and our distribution facilities, was 47% White, 24% Hispanic or Latino, 17% Black or African American, 8% Asian and 4% other;
the race and ethnicity of our international locations."director" level and above positions in the United States was 75% White, 5% Hispanic or Latino, 9% Black or African American, 8% Asian and 3% other; and
53% of our global teammates were women, and women represented 42% of our "director" level and above positions globally.
In addition to building a more diverse team, we believe fostering an inclusive and ethical culture is key to our values and who we are as an organization. We believe open lines of communication are critical to fostering this environment. This starts with "tone at the top" and we emphasize the importance of our Code of Conduct and encourage our teammates to "speak-up" when they have concerns and provide multiple reporting mechanisms for them to do so. We require unconscious bias training for all of our corporate teammates and our retail and distribution facility leadership, including training focused on promoting diversity during our new-hire interview process. In Fiscal 2023, we continued a company-wide virtual series to facilitate meaningful conversations on anti-racism and social justice issues. For our senior leadership, we require mandatory training on cultural competency and building inclusive environments. In addition to our broader professional development programs described more fully below, we also invest in programs specifically for our historically underrepresented and women teammates to improve retention and advancement. We currently have nine teammate-led Teammate Resource Groups, which amplify business initiatives, provide networking opportunities, support community outreach and promote cultural awareness. In addition, we have an internal diversity, equity and inclusion council, known as the Global T.E.A.M.
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(Teammate Equity and Accountability Movement) Council, which consists of "director" level and above corporate teammates and focuses on fostering a diverse and inclusive work environment across our organization.
Total Rewards
Our total rewards strategy is focused on providing market competitive and internally equitable total rewards packages that allow us to attract, engage and retain a talented, diverse and inclusive workforce. In determining our compensation practices, we focus on offering competitive pay that is based on market data with packages that appropriately reflect roles and geographic locations and are transparently communicated. We believe in "pay for performance" and seek to design plans and programs to support a culture of high performance where we reward what is accomplished and how. We are also committed to achieving pay equity within all teammate populations, and with the assistance of third-party experts, conduct an annual review of pay equity and market comparison data. When we identify opportunities, we take prompt actions to close any gaps.
Our total rewards programs, which are outlined on the careers page of our corporate website, are aimed at the varying health, financial and home-life needs of our teammates. In the United States, where approximately 65% of our workforce is located, in addition to market-competitive pay and broad-based bonuses, our full-time teammates are eligible for healthcare benefits; health savings accounts; flexible spending accounts; retirement savings plan; paid time off; caregiver leave; adoption assistance; child and adult care resources; flexible work schedules; short and long term disability; life and accident insurance; tuition assistance; fitness benefits at on-site gyms or eligible fitness programs; commuter benefits; Under Armour merchandise discounts; and a Work-Life Assistance Program. We have had no labor-relatedimplemented a hybrid working model where many of our global corporate teammates are designated as in-office for a certain number of days each week and remote for the remainder, allowing us to provide our teammates flexibility while still achieving our objectives. We believe in promoting alignment between our teammates and stockholders. As such, these teammates are also eligible to participate in our Employee Stock Purchase Plan, and corporate teammates within our "director" level and above positions receive restricted stock unit awards as a key component of their total compensation package. Outside of the United States, we provide similarly competitive benefit packages to those of our U.S. teammates but tailored to market-specific practices and needs.
We believe that giving back to the communities where we live and work stoppages,is central to our culture. In addition to competitive time off benefits, our full-time teammates also receive 40 hours of additional paid time off each year for personal volunteer activities performed during working hours.
Talent Development and Engagement
Our purpose of empowering those who strive for more is embodied in our commitment to helping our teammates develop their skills, grow their careers and achieve their goals. We believe our investment in these areas enhances our teammate engagement, improves the efficiency and productivity of our work and ultimately drives better results for our business. We prioritize and invest in a wide range of training and development opportunities for teammates at all levels, including through both online and instructor-led internal and external programs. All of our teammates have access to an online learning platform and knowledge database, Armour U, which offers an extensive, regularly updated library of seminars on a variety of topics. We provide our corporate teammates two meeting-free days per year designated to focusing on professional development. We also offer resources to support individual development planning, including emphasizing development opportunities as part of teammates' annual goal setting process.
We invest in developing the leadership strength and capabilities of people-leaders at all levels. We leverage assessments, mentoring, executive coaching, and interactive training programs across a variety of leadership topics to improve leadership effectiveness and drive the performance of our team. Additionally, through our succession planning efforts, we further focus on talent development for key roles within our organization.
We believe these efforts keep our teammates engaged and motivated to do their best work. However, competition for employees in our industry is intense, and we believeregularly collect feedback to better understand and improve our relationsteammate experience and identify opportunities to continually strengthen our culture. See "Risk Factors—Business and Operational Risks—Our future success is substantially dependent on the continued service of our senior management and other key employees, and our continued ability to attract and retain highly talented new team members" included in Item 1A of this Annual Report on Form 10-K.
Health and Safety
We prioritize the health, safety and overall well-being of our teammates. We have policies and trainings in place to ensure a safe workplace environment across our organization, such as our crisis management plan, which prepares us to respond to critical incidents, including those involving our teammates. Throughout the COVID-19 pandemic, we continued to invest in the health and safety of our teammates by implementing COVID-19 protection
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and prevention measures at our distribution houses, Brand and Factory House retail stores and corporate offices, as well as providing a variety of additional physical, emotional and mental well-being resources.

Information About Our Executive Officers
Our executive officers are:
NameAgePosition
Kevin Plank50Executive Chair and Brand Chief
Stephanie Linnartz55President and Chief Executive Officer
Colin Browne58Chief Operating Officer
David Bergman50Chief Financial Officer
David Baxter56President of the Americas
Lisa Collier58Chief Product Officer
Tchernavia Rocker49Chief People and Administrative Officer
Mehri Shadman-Valavi41Chief Legal Officer and Corporate Secretary
Kevin Plank has been Executive Chair and Brand Chief since January 2020. Prior to that, he served as Chief Executive Officer and Chair of the Board of Directors from 1996, when he founded our Company, to 2019, and President from 1996 to July 2008 and August 2010 to July 2017. Mr. Plank also serves on the Board of Directors of the National Football Foundation and College Hall of Fame, Inc., and is a member of the Board of Trustees of the University of Maryland College Park Foundation.
Stephanie Linnartz has been President and Chief Executive Officer and a member of our Board of Directors since February 2023. Before joining Under Armour, Ms. Linnartz served as the President of Marriott International, Inc. beginning in February 2021. Prior to her role as President, she served as Marriott’s Group President Consumer Operations, Technology and Emerging Businesses from 2020 to 2021, and as Marriott’s Executive Vice President and Global Chief Commercial Officer from 2013 to 2019. Ms. Linnartz joined Marriott as a financial analyst in 1997, and held several positions in finance before moving into sales and marketing. Ms. Linnartz also serves on the Board of Directors of The Home Depot, Inc. and is a member of its Audit and Leadership Development & Compensation Committees.
Colin Browne has been Chief Operating Officer since February 2020. He served as interim President and Chief Executive Officer from June 2022 through February 2023. Previously, he served as Chief Supply Chain Officer from July 2017 to January 2020 and President of Global Sourcing from September 2016 to June 2017. Prior to joining our Company, he served as Vice President and Managing Director for VF Corporation, leading its sourcing and product supply organization in Asia and Africa from November 2013 to August 2016 and as Vice President of Footwear Sourcing from November 2011 to October 2013. Prior thereto, Mr. Browne served as Executive Vice President of Footwear and Accessories for Li and Fung Group LTD from September 2010 to November 2011 and Chief Executive Officer, Asia for Pentland Brands PLC from April 2006 to January 2010. Mr. Browne has over 25 years of experience leading sourcing efforts for large brands.
David Bergman has been Chief Financial Officer since November 2017. Mr. Bergman joined our Company in 2004 and has served in various Finance and Accounting leadership roles for the Company, including Corporate Controller from 2006 to October 2014, Vice President of Finance and Corporate Controller from November 2014 to January 2016, Senior Vice President, Corporate Finance from February 2016 to January 2017, and acting Chief Financial Officer from February 2017 to November 2017. Prior to joining the Company, Mr. Bergman worked as a C.P.A. within the audit and assurance practices at Ernst & Young LLP and Arthur Andersen LLP.
David Baxter has been President of the Americas since October 2022 and served as SVP, North America Wholesale from April 2020 to October 2022. Before joining Under Armour, Mr. Baxter served as President and CEO of LIDS Sports Group from June 2016 through February 2019. From March 2010 through June 2014, he was Vice President of adidas’s America’s Sport Performance division, where he directed the North American product and marketing strategies for sport performance categories, and prior to that oversaw all of adidas and Reebok’s sports licensed businesses with the major U.S. professional sports leagues. Prior to that, Mr. Baxter spent nine years at Reebok, where he held various roles, including key leadership roles within Reebok’s on-field and sports licensed divisions. Earlier in his career, he held various senior level sales positions at Logo Athletic.
Lisa Collierhas been Chief Product Officer since April 2020. Prior to joining our employees are good.Company, Ms. Collier served as President, Chief Executive Officer and Chairman of NYDJ (Not Your Daughter’s Jeans) from June 2016 to
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January 2020. Prior thereto, Ms. Collier served as Executive Vice President and President of Global Dockers Brand of Levi Strauss & Company from July 2013 to May 2016 and as Chief Transformation Officer from October 2013 to January 2015. Ms. Collier also served as Senior Vice President of Product Development and Innovation across all brands from 2012 to 2013, Senior Vice President Global Dockers Merchandising, Licensing, Supply Chain from 2010 to 2012, as Managing Director and General Manager of Levi Strauss Australia and New Zealand from 2007 to 2011, and prior to that in various other leadership roles at Levi Strauss & Company. Ms. Collier served in various leadership roles at Sunrise Brands (formerly Tarrant Apparel Group) from 1999 to 2003. She also served in various merchandising positions at The Limited from 1987 to 1999 and started her career in retail and apparel at Hess's Department Store.
Tchernavia Rocker has been Chief People and Administrative Officer since June 2020. Prior to that she served as Chief People and Culture Officer from February 2019 to May 2020. Prior to joining our Company, she served more than 18 years in Human Resources leadership roles at Harley-Davidson, Inc., most recently as Vice President and Chief Human Resources Officer from June 2016 through January 2019, as General Manager, Human Resources from January 2012 through May 2016, and in various other Human Resources leadership positions since joining the company in 2000. Prior to that, she served in various HR and operations roles at Goodyear Dunlop North America Tire Inc.
Mehri Shadman has been Chief Legal Officer and Corporate Secretary since October 2022. Ms. Shadman joined Under Armour in 2013 and served as Assistant Corporate Secretary from January 2017 to October 2022. Most recently she held the role of Deputy General Counsel, Corporate and Risk, overseeing the corporate legal, global ethics and compliance, data privacy, and enterprise risk management functions, and served as Vice President within the legal department from March 2019 through October 2022. Prior to that, she served as Senior Director, Managing Counsel, Corporate Affairs from January 2017 to February 2019. Before joining Under Armour, Ms. Shadman began her career as an associate at a large international law firm, in its capital markets practice.

Available Information
We will make available free of charge on or through our website at https://about.underarmour.com/ our annual reports on Form 10-K, quarterly reports on Form 10-Q, current reports on Form 8-K and amendments to these reports filed or furnished pursuant to Section 13(a) or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the "Exchange Act") as soon as reasonably practicable after we electronically file these materials with the Securities and Exchange Commission. We also post on this website our key corporate governance documents, including our board committee charters, our corporate governance guidelines and our code of conduct and ethics.

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ITEM 1A.
ITEM 1A. RISK FACTORS
Forward-Looking Statements
Some of the statements contained in this Form 10-K and the documents incorporated herein by reference constitute forward-looking statements. Forward-looking statements relate to expectations, beliefs, projections, future plans and strategies, anticipated events or trends and similar expressions concerning matters that are not historical facts, such as statements regarding our future financial condition or results of operations, our prospects and strategies for future growth, potential restructuring efforts, including the scope of these restructuring efforts and the amount of potential charges and costs, the timing of these measures and the anticipated benefits of our restructuring plans, the impact of the coronavirus on our business and results of operations, the development and introduction of new products, the implementation of our marketing and branding strategies, the impact of our investment in our licensee on our results of operations, and the future benefits and opportunities from significant investments. In many cases, you can identify forward-looking statements by terms such as “may,” “will,” “should,” “expects,” “plans,” “anticipates,” “believes,” “estimates,” “predicts,” “outlook,” “potential” or the negative of these terms or other comparable terminology.
The forward-looking statements contained in this Form 10-K and the documents incorporated herein by reference reflect our current views about future events and are subject to risks, uncertainties, assumptions and changes in circumstances that may cause events or our actual activities or results to differ significantly from those expressed in any forward-looking statement. Although we believe that the expectations reflected in the forward-looking statements are reasonable, we cannot guarantee future events, results, actions, levels of activity, performance or achievements. Readers are cautioned not to place undue reliance on these forward-looking statements. A number of important factors could cause actual results to differ materially from those indicated by these forward-looking statements, including, but not limited to, those factors described in “Risk Factors” and “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations.” These factors include without limitation:
changes in general economic or market conditions that could affect overall consumer spending or our industry;
changes to the financial health of our customers;
our ability to successfully execute our long-term strategies;
our ability to successfully execute any potential restructuring plans and realize their expected benefits;
the impact of public health crises or other significant catastrophic events, including the coronavirus;
our ability to effectively drive operational efficiency in our business;
our ability to manage the increasingly complex operations of our global business;
our ability to comply with existing trade and other regulations, and the potential impact of new trade, tariff and tax regulations on our profitability;
our ability to effectively develop and launch new, innovative and updated products;
our ability to accurately forecast consumer demand for our products and manage our inventory in response to changing demands;
any disruptions, delays or deficiencies in the design, implementation or application of our new global operating and financial reporting information technology system;
increased competition causing us to lose market share or reduce the prices of our products or to increase significantly our marketing efforts;
fluctuations in the costs of our products;
loss of key suppliers or manufacturers or failure of our suppliers or manufacturers to produce or deliver our products in a timely or cost-effective manner, including due to port disruptions;
our ability to further expand our business globally and to drive brand awareness and consumer acceptance of our products in other countries;
our ability to accurately anticipate and respond to seasonal or quarterly fluctuations in our operating results;
our ability to successfully manage or realize expected results from acquisitions and other significant investments or capital expenditures;
the impact of the performance of our equity method investment on our results of operations;
risks related to foreign currency exchange rate fluctuations;
our ability to effectively market and maintain a positive brand image;
the availability, integration and effective operation of information systems and other technology, as well as any potential interruption of such systems or technology;
risks related to data security or privacy breaches;
our ability to raise additional capital required to grow our business on terms acceptable to us;
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our potential exposure to litigation and other proceedings; and
our ability to attract key talent and retain the services of our senior management and key employees.
The forward-looking statements contained in this Form 10-K reflect our views and assumptions only as of the date of this Form 10-K. We undertake no obligation to update any forward-looking statement to reflect events or circumstances after the date on which the statement is made or to reflect the occurrence of unanticipated events.

Our results of operations and financial condition could be adversely affected by numerous risks. You should carefully consider the risk factors detailed below in conjunction with the other information contained in this Annual Report on Form 10-K. Should any of these risks actually materialize, our business, financial condition, results of operations and future prospects could be negatively impacted.

During a downturn in the economy,Economic and Industry Risks
Our business depends on consumer purchases of discretionary items, are affected, which can be negatively impacted during an economic downturn or periods of inflation. This could materially harmimpact our sales, profitability and financial condition and our prospects for growth.condition.
Many of our products may be considered discretionary items for consumers. Factors affecting the level of consumerMany factors impact discretionary spending, for such discretionary items includeincluding general economic conditions, unemployment, the availability of consumer credit and inflationary pressures and consumer confidence in future economic conditions. Uncertainty in globalGlobal and U.S. economic conditions continues,continue to be uncertain, particularly in light of rising interest rates, recession fears and trendsinstability in consumer discretionary spending remain unpredictable. However, consumerthe U.S. banking system. Consumer purchases of discretionary items tend to decline during recessionary periods when disposable income is lower or during other periods of economic instability or uncertainty, which may lead to declines in sales and slow our long-term growth more than we anticipate. A downturn in the economiesexpectations. Any near or long-term economic disruptions in markets in whichwhere we sell our products, particularly in the United States, China or other key markets, may materially harm our sales, profitability and financial condition and our prospects for growth.
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We derive a substantial portion of our sales from large wholesale customers. If the financial condition of our customers declines, our financial conditionThe COVID-19 pandemic has caused and results of operations could be adversely impacted.
In 2019, sales through our wholesale channel represented approximately 60% of our net revenues. We extend creditmay continue to our wholesale customers based on an assessment of a customer’s financial condition, generally without requiring collateral. We face increased risk of order reduction or cancellation when dealing with financially ailing customers or customers struggling with economic uncertainty. During weak economic conditions, customers may be more cautious with orders or may slow investments necessary to maintain a high quality in-store experience for consumers, which may result in lower sales of our products. In addition, a slowing economycause significant disruption in our key markets or a continued decline in consumer purchases of sporting goods generally could have an adverse effect on the financial health ofindustry, which has and may continue to materially impact our customers. From time to time certain of our customers have experienced financial difficulties. To the extent one or more of our customers experience significant financial difficulty, bankruptcy, insolvency or cease operations, this could have a material adverse effect on our sales, our ability to collect on receivables and ourbusiness, financial condition and results of operations.

WeOur business has been and may not successfully execute our long-term strategies, which may negatively impact our results of operations.
Our ability to execute on our long-term strategies depends, in part, on successfully executing on strategic growth initiatives in key areas, such as our international business, footwear and our global direct to consumer sales channel. Our growth in these areas depends on our ability to continue to successfully expand ourbe materially impacted by the COVID-19 pandemic, which has negatively affected the U.S. and global network of brand and factory house stores, grow our e-commerce and mobile application offerings throughout the world and continue to successfully increase our product offerings and market share in footwear. Our ability to invest in these growth initiatives would be negatively impacted if we are unable to grow net revenues in our international business at the rate we expect, or if our North America business, which represented 69% of our total net revenues in 2019, continues to decline or experiences significant market disruption. In addition, our long-term strategy depends on our ability to successfully drive expansion of our gross margins, manage our cost structure and drive return on our investments. If we cannot effectively execute our long-term growth strategies while managing costs effectively, our business could be negatively impacted and we may not achieve our expected results of operations.

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We may not fully realize the expected benefits of our restructuring plans or other operating or cost-saving initiatives, which may negatively impact our profitability.
In 2017 and 2018 we executed restructuring plans designed to more closely align our financial resources against the critical priorities of our business, and in February 2020, we announced that we are evaluating a potential restructuring plan for 2020. Our past plans included initiatives to improve operational efficiencies in targeted areas of our business, and included reductions in oureconomies, disrupted global workforce. We may not achieve the operational improvements and efficiencies that we targeted in our past restructuring plans, which could adversely impact our results of operationssupply chains and financial condition.markets, and led to significant travel and business restrictions, including mandatory closures, orders to "shelter-in-place" and restrictions on how businesses operate. The 2020 restructuring plan we are evaluating includes the potential decision to forego a flagship store in New York City while pursuing sublet options, in addition to further targeted cost saving measures we are assessing. If we fail to adopt a restructuring plan, our ability to optimize our cost structure will be negatively impacted. In addition, implementing any restructuring plan presents significant potential risks that may impair our ability to achieve anticipated operating improvements and/or cost reductions. These risks include, among others, higher than anticipated costs in implementing our restructuring plans, management distraction from ongoing business activities, failure to maintain adequate controls and procedures while executing our restructuring plans, damage to our reputation and brand image and workforce attrition beyond planned reductions. If we fail to achieve targeted operating improvements and/or cost reductions, our profitability and results of operations could be negatively impacted, which may be dilutive to our earnings in the short term.

Our business and results of operations could be negatively impacted by natural disasters, extreme weather conditions, public health or political crises or other catastrophic events.
We operate retail, distribution and warehousing facilities and offices across the world, and in locations subject to natural disasters or extreme weather conditions, as well as other potential catastrophic events, such as public health emergencies, terrorist attacks or political or military conflict. The occurrence of any of these events could disrupt our operations and negativelypandemic had an adverse impact sales of our products. Our customers and suppliers also manage global operations and could experience similar disruption. In addition, an occurrence of these types of events could negatively impact consumer spending in the impacted region or, depending on the severity, globally, which could negatively impact our results of operations. For example, in December 2019, a strain of coronavirus was reported to have surfaced in Wuhan, China, resulting in store closures and a decrease in consumer traffic in China, as well as potential delays in the manufacturing and shipment of products and raw materials to and from China. To the extent the impact of the coronavirus continues or worsens, we may have difficulty obtaining the materials necessary for the production and packaging of our products, factories which produce our products may remain closed for sustained periods of time, and industry-wide shipment of products may be negatively impacted. We expect the coronavirus to negatively impact our results of operations, particularly our Asia-Pacific segment, though the extent and duration of this impact remain uncertain and may have a material negative impact on our results of operations.

If we are unable to anticipate consumer preferences, successfully develop and introduce new, innovative and updated products or engage our consumers, our net revenues and profitability may be negatively impacted.
Our success depends on our ability to identify and originate product trends as well as to anticipate and react to changing consumer demands in a timely manner. All of our products are subject to changing consumer preferences that cannot be predicted with certainty. In addition, long lead times for certain of our products may make it hard for us to quickly respond to changes in consumer demands. Our new products may not receive consumer acceptance as consumer preferences could shift rapidly to different types of performance or other sports products or away from these types of products altogether, and our future success depends in part on our ability to anticipate and respond to these changes. Our failure to anticipate and respond timely to changing consumer preferences or to effectively introduce new products and enter into new product categories that are accepted by consumers could result in a decrease in net revenues and excess inventory levels, which could have a material adverse effect on our financial condition.

Even if we are successful in anticipating consumer preferences, our ability to adequately react to and address those preferences will in part depend upon our continued ability to develop and introduce innovative, high-quality products. If we fail to introduce technical innovation in our products or design products in the categories and styles that consumers want, demand for our products could decline and our brand image could be negatively impacted. If we experience problems with the quality of our products, our brand reputation may be negatively
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impacted and we may incur substantial expense to remedy the problems, which could negatively impact our results of operations.

Consumer shopping preferences and shifts in distribution channels continue to evolve and could negatively impact our results of operations or our future growth.
Consumer preferences regarding the shopping experience continue to rapidly evolve. We sell our products through a variety of channels, including through wholesale customers and distribution partners, as well as our own direct to consumer business consisting of our brand and factory house stores and e-commerce platforms. If we or our wholesale customers do not provide consumers with an attractive in-store experience, our brand image and results of operations could be negatively impacted. In addition, as part of our strategy to grow our e-commerce revenue, we are investing significantly in enhancing our platform capabilities and implementing systems to drive higher engagement with our consumers. If we do not successfully execute this strategy or continue to provide an engaging and user-friendly digital commerce platform that attracts consumers, our brand image and results of operations could be negatively impacted as well as our opportunities for future growth.

A decline in sales to, or the loss of, one or more of our key customers could result in a material loss of net revenues and negatively impact our prospects for growth.
We generate a significant portion of our wholesale revenues from sales to our largest customers. We currently do not enter into long term sales contracts with our key customers, relying instead on our relationships with these customers and on our position in the marketplace. As a result, we face the risk that these key customers may not increase their business with us as we expect, or may significantly decrease their business with us or terminate their relationship with us. The failure to increase our sales to these customers as much as we anticipate would have a negative impact on our growth prospects and any decrease or loss of these key customers' business could result in a material decrease in our net revenues and net income. In addition, our customers continue to experience ongoing industry consolidation, particularly in the sports specialty sector. As this consolidation continues, it increases the risk that if any one customer significantly reduces their purchases of our products, we may be unable to find sufficient alternative customers to continue to grow our net revenues, or our net revenues may decline.

We must successfully manage the increasingly complex operations of our global business, or our business and results of operations, particularly in Fiscal 2020, and although conditions improved during Fiscal 2021, the Transition Period and Fiscal 2023, adverse impacts may continue. The extent of the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on our business and financial performance will depend on future developments, including any resurgences, which are uncertain and cannot be predicted.
During Fiscal 2020, the COVID-19 pandemic resulted in temporary closures of our retail stores and the stores of our wholesale customers where our products are sold, reduced consumer traffic and consumer spending, temporary layoffs of certain employees in our North America retail stores and distribution centers and incremental operating expenses from adopting preventative health and safety measures in our stores, distribution centers and corporate offices. These negative impacts may continue or resurface depending on the ongoing development of the virus and related responses including resurgences and the impact of variants. For example, during Fiscal 2023, ongoing impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic in China caused labor disruptions resulting in temporary closures of our Brand and Factory House stores, distribution centers and corporate facilities, as well as negatively impacted consumer traffic and demand. Although, as of March 31, 2023, substantially all of our Brand and Factory House stores, distribution centers and corporate facilities in China were open, we may continue to experience varying degrees of volatility, business disruptions and periods of closure, which may continue to negatively impact our financial results.
The disruption caused by the pandemic has and may continue to disrupt the operations of our business partners, including our customers, suppliers, and vendors, and the financial condition of certain of our partners has been and could again be significantly impacted. Additionally, the COVID-19 pandemic has caused and may continue to cause global logistical challenges, including increased freight costs, shipping container shortages, transportation delays, labor shortages and port congestion. While we continue to see improvements across our supply chain, these challenges have and may continue to negatively impact our partners and our business, including by disrupting our inventory flow, requiring us to incur increased freight costs and requiring us to cancel or delay sales to some of our customers. This has and may continue to negatively impact our net revenues, gross margin, net income and results of operations.
The COVID-19 pandemic and resulting economic disruption also led to significant volatility in the capital markets and adversely impacted our stock price. While we have taken measures to maintain our operations and preserve and enhance our access to liquidity, our cash generated from operations was negatively impacted during certain periods of the pandemic and future cash flows may be further impacted by the ongoing development of the pandemic. If we are unable to effectively manage our spending in response to the pandemic, our profitability may be negatively impacted.
WeThe impact of the COVID-19 pandemic may also exacerbate other risks discussed below, any of which could have expanded our business and operations rapidly since our inception anda material effect on us. Though we must continue to successfully managemonitor the operational difficulties associated with expanding our business to meet increased consumer demand throughoutlatest developments regarding the world. We may experience difficulties in obtaining sufficient raw materials and manufacturing capacity to produce our products, as well as delays in production and shipments, as our products are subject to risks associated with overseas sourcing and manufacturing. We must also continually evaluate the need to expand critical functions in our business, including sales and marketing, product development and distribution functions, our management information systems and other processes and technology. To support these functions, we must hire, train and manage an increasing number of employees. We may not be successful in undertaking these types of initiatives cost effectively or at all, and could experience serious operating difficulties if we fail to do so. These growth efforts could also increase the strain on our existing resources. If we experience difficulties in supporting the growth of our business, we could experience an erosion of our brand image and a decrease in net revenues and net income.

Our results of operations could be materially harmed ifCOVID-19 pandemic closely, we are unable to accurately forecast demand for our products.
To ensure adequate inventory supply, we must forecast inventory needs and place orders with our manufacturers before firm orders are placed by our customers. In addition, a significant portionpredict the extent of our net revenues are generated by at-once orders for immediate delivery to customers, particularly during the last two quartersany continued impact of the year, which historically has beenpandemic on our peak season. If we fail to accurately forecast customer demand we may experience excess inventory levels or a shortage of product to deliver to our customers.
Factors that could affect our ability to accurately forecast demand for our products include:
an increase or decrease in consumer demand for our products;
our failure to accurately forecast consumer acceptance for our new products;
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product introductions by competitors;
unanticipated changes in general market conditions or other factors, which may result in cancellations of advance orders or a reduction or increase in the rate of reorders or at-once orders placed by retailers;
the impact on consumer demand due to unseasonable weather conditions;
weakening of economic conditions or consumer confidence in future economic conditions, which could reduce demand for discretionary items, such as our products; and
terrorism or acts of war, or the threat thereof, or political or labor instability or unrest which could adversely affect consumer confidence and spending or interrupt production and distribution of product and raw materials.
Inventory levels in excess of customer demand may result in inventory write-downs or write-offs and the sale of excess inventory at discounted prices or in less preferred distribution channels, which could impair our brand image and have an adverse effect on gross margin. In addition, if we underestimate the demand for our products, our manufacturers may not be able to produce products to meet our customer requirements, and this could result in delays in the shipment of our products and our ability to recognize revenue, lost sales, as well as damage to our reputation and retailer and distributor relationships.
The difficulty in forecasting demand also makes it difficult to estimate our future results ofbusiness, operations and financial condition from perioddue to period. A failure to accurately predict the leveluncertainty of demand for our products could adverselyfuture developments, including the impact our profitability or cause us not to achieve our expected financial results.

Sales of performance productsresurgences, and additional impacts may not continue to grow or may decline, which could negatively impact our sales and our ability to grow our business.
If consumersarise that we are not convinced performance apparel, footwear and accessories are a better choice than traditional alternatives, growth in the industry and our business could be adversely affected. In addition, because performance products are often more expensive than traditional alternatives, consumers who are convinced these products provide a better alternative may still not be convinced they are worth the extra cost. If industry-wide salesaware of performance products do not continue to grow or rather decline, our sales could be negatively impacted and we may not achieve our expected financial results. In addition, our ability to continue to grow our business in line with our expectations could be adversely impacted.

Our results of operations are affected by the performance of our equity investment, over which we do not exercise control.
We maintain a minority investment in our Japanese licensee, which we account for under the equity method, and are required to recognize our allocable share of its net income or loss in our consolidated financial statements. In addition, our results of operations are impacted by the licensee's performance under the license agreement. Our results of operations are affected by the performance of that business, over which we do not exercise control, and in 2019, our net income was negatively impacted by losses realized by that business. We are also required to regularly review our investment for impairment, and an impairment charge may result from the occurrence of adverse events or management decisions that impact the fair value or estimated future cash flows to be generated from our investment. In the fourth quarter of 2019, we impaired our investment and recognized a $39.0 million charge as a result. While the carrying value of our investment has been significantly reduced as a result of this impairment, we may be required to further impair our investment in the future.

currently.
We operate in highly competitive markets and the size and resources of some of our competitors may allow them to compete more effectively than we can, resulting in a loss of our market share and a decrease in our net revenues and gross profit.
The market for performance apparel, footwear and accessories is highly competitive and includes many new competitors, as well as increased competition from established companies expanding their production and marketing of performance products. Because we own a limited number of fabric or process patents, our current and future competitors are able to manufacture and sell products with performance characteristics and fabrications similar to certain of our products. Many of our competitors are large apparel and footwear companies with strong worldwide brand recognition. Within our international markets, we also compete with local brands that may have strong brand recognition amongst consumers within particular regions. Due to the fragmented nature of the industry, we also compete with other manufacturers, including those specializing in products similar to ours and private label offerings of certain retailers,
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including some of our retailwholesale customers. Many of our competitors have significant competitive advantages, including greater financial, distribution, marketing, digital and other resources,resources; longer
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operating histories,histories; better brand recognition among consumers,consumers; more experience in global marketsmarkets; greater ability to invest in technology, the digital consumer experience and innovations around sustainability; and greater economies of scale. In addition, our competitors have long termlong-term relationships with our key retail customers that are potentially more important to those customers because of the significantly larger volume and product mix that our competitors sell to them. As a result, these competitors may be better equipped than we are to influence consumer preferences or otherwise increase their market share by: 
by quickly adapting to changes in customer requirements or consumer preferences;
readily taking advantage of acquisition and other opportunities;
preferences, discounting excess inventory that has been written down or written off;
off, devoting resources to the marketing and sale of their products, including significant advertising, media placement, partnerships and product endorsement;
endorsement, adopting aggressive pricing policies;policies and
engaging in lengthy and costly intellectual property and other disputes.
In addition, while one of our growth strategies has been to increase floor space for our products in retail stores and generallyin certain markets expand our distribution to other retailers, retailers have limited resources and floor space, and we must compete with others to develop relationships with them. Increased competition by existing and future competitors could result in reductions in floor space in retail locations or reductions in sales or reductions in the prices of our products, and if retailers have better sell through or earn greater margins from our competitors’competitors' products, they may favor the display and sale of those products. Our inability to compete successfully against our competitors and maintain our gross margin could have a negative effect on our brand image and a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition and results of operations.

Our profitability may decline or our growth may be negatively impacted as a result of increasing pressure on pricing.
Our industry is subject to significant pricing pressure caused by many factors, including intense competition, consolidation in the retail industry, pressure from retailers to reduce the costs of products, the amount of excess inventory in the marketplace and changes in consumer demand. These factors may cause us to reduce our prices to retailers and consumers or engage in more promotional activity than we anticipate, which could negatively impact our margins and cause our profitability to decline if we are unable to offset price reductions with comparable reductions in our operating costs. In addition,Ongoing and sustained promotional activities could negatively impact our ability to achieve short-term growth targets may be negatively impactedbrand image. On the other hand, if we are unwilling to engage in promotional activity on a scale similar to that of our competitors, for instance, to protect our premium brand positioning, and we are unable to simultaneously offset declining promotional activity with increased sales at premium price points. Thispoints, our ability to achieve short-term growth targets may be negatively impacted, which could have a material adverse effect on our results of operations, financial condition and financial condition. In addition, ongoing and sustained promotional activities could negatively impactthe price of our brand image.

stock.
Fluctuations in the cost of raw materials and commodities we use in our products and costs related to our supply chain could negatively affect our operating results.
The fabrics used by our suppliers and manufacturers are made of raw materials including petroleum-based products and cotton. Significant price fluctuations, including due to inflation, or shortages in petroleum or other raw materials can materially adversely affect our cost of goods sold. In addition, certain of our manufacturers are subject to government regulations related to wage rates, and therefore the labor costs to produce our products may fluctuate. The cost of transporting our products for distribution and sale is also subject to fluctuation due in large part to the price of oil. Because most of our products are manufactured abroad, our products must be transported by third parties over large geographical distances and an increase in the price of oil can significantly increase costs. Manufacturing delays or unexpected transportation delays, can alsosuch as those caused by COVID-19 related global logistics challenges, have caused and may continue to cause us to rely more heavily on airfreight to achieve timely delivery to our customers, whichcustomers. These factors have and may continue to significantly increasesincrease our freight costs. Any of these fluctuations may increase our cost of products and have an adverse effect on our profit margins, results of operations and financial condition.
Our financial results and ability to grow our business may be negatively impacted by global events beyond our control.
We operate retail, distribution and warehousing facilities and offices around the world and substantially all of our manufacturers are located outside of the United States. We are subject to numerous risks and global events beyond our control which could negatively impact consumer spending or the operations of us or our customers or business partners, and therefore our results of operations, including: political or labor unrest; military conflict (such as the ongoing conflict between Russia and Ukraine); terrorism; public health crises, disease epidemics or pandemics (such as COVID-19); natural disasters and extreme weather conditions, which may increase in
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frequency and severity due to climate change; economic instability resulting in the disruption of trade from foreign countries; the imposition of new laws, regulations and rules, including those relating to sustainability and climate change, data privacy, labor conditions, minimum wage, quality and safety standards and disease epidemics or other public health concerns; changes in trade policy or actions of foreign or U.S. governmental authorities impacting trade and foreign investment, particularly during periods of heightened tension between U.S. and foreign governments, including the imposition of new import limitations, duties, tariffs, anti-dumping penalties, trade restrictions or restrictions on the transfer of funds; inflation; and changes in local economic conditions in countries where our stores, customers, manufacturers and suppliers are located.
These risks could hamper our ability to sell products, negatively affect the ability of our manufacturers to produce or deliver our products or procure materials and increase our cost of doing business generally, any of which could have an adverse effect on our results of operations, profitability, cash flows and financial condition. In the event that one or more of these factors make it undesirable or impractical for us to conduct business in a particular country, our business could be adversely affected.

Business and Operational Risks
We derive a substantial portion of our sales from large wholesale customers. If the financial condition of our customers declines, our financial condition and results of operations could be adversely impacted.
In Fiscal 2023, sales through our wholesale channel represented approximately 59% of our net revenues. We extend credit to our wholesale customers based on an assessment of a customer's financial condition, generally without requiring collateral or getting customer insurance against non-collection. We face increased risk of order reduction or cancellation and around collectibility when dealing with financially ailing customers or customers struggling with economic uncertainty. As a result of the COVID-19 pandemic, many of our wholesale customers throughout the world had to temporarily close their stores or operate their stores under significant restrictions and experienced reduced consumer traffic and purchasing, which resulted in lower sales and cancellations of orders of our products. If our wholesale customers again experience significant disruptions, this could result in reductions or cancellations of orders or late or extended payment terms to us, which could negatively impact our results of operations. In addition, during weak economic conditions, such as periods of high inflation and recessionary fears, customers may be more cautious with orders or may slow investments necessary to maintain a high quality in-store experience for consumers, which may result in lower sales of our products. Furthermore, a slowing economy in our key markets or a continued decline in consumer purchases of sporting goods generally could have an adverse effect on the financial health of our company.
From time to time, certain of our customers have experienced financial difficulties and we have been unable to collect all or a portion of the amounts owed to us. To the extent one or more of our customers experience significant financial difficulty, bankruptcy, insolvency or cease operations, this could have a material adverse effect on our sales, our ability to collect on receivables and our financial condition and results of operations.
We may not successfully execute our long-term strategies, which may negatively impact our results of operations.
Our ability to realize our long-term growth objectives depends, in part, on our ability to successfully execute strategic initiatives in key areas including our wholesale, footwear, women’s and direct-to-consumer businesses. With respect to our direct-to-consumer business, our growth depends on our ability to continue to successfully grow our digital offerings and experiences throughout the world, expand our global network of Brand and Factory House stores and continue to increase our product offerings and market share in footwear successfully. Our ability to invest in these growth initiatives could be negatively impacted if we again experience significant market disruption due to COVID-19 or other significant events, particularly if our North America business, which represented 65% of our total net revenues in Fiscal 2023, does not grow sufficiently. In addition, as we expand our global network of Brand and Factory House stores, if we are unable to operate our stores profitably, our financial results could be impacted, or we could be required to recognize impairment charges. Our long-term strategy also depends on our ability to successfully drive expansion of our gross margins, manage and leverage our cost structure and drive return on our investments. If we cannot effectively execute our long-term growth strategies while managing costs effectively, our business could be negatively impacted and we may not achieve our expected results of operations.
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If we are unable to anticipate consumer preferences, successfully develop and introduce new, innovative and updated products or engage our consumers, or if consumer preferences shift away from performance products, our sales, net revenues and profitability may be negatively impacted.
Our success depends on our ability to identify and originate product trends and anticipate and react to changing consumer demands in a timely manner. All of our products are subject to changing consumer preferences that shift rapidly and cannot be predicted with certainty. In addition, consumers are increasingly focused on the environmental and social practices of brands, including the sustainability of the products sold. Our ability to adequately react to and address consumer preferences depends in part upon our continued ability to develop and introduce innovative, high-quality products and to optimize available consumer data. In addition, long lead times for certain of our products may make it hard for us to respond quickly to changes in consumer demands. Accordingly, our new products may not receive consumer acceptance. From time to time, we may also introduce limited run or specialized products that may increase our sales in the near term, but that may fail to maintain sustained consumer demand. If consumers are not convinced performance apparel, footwear and accessories are a better choice than, and worth the additional cost over, traditional alternatives, sales of performance products may not grow or may decline. We also must successfully design and market our performance products for use by consumers in casual occasions. If we are unable to effectively anticipate and respond to consumer preferences as a result of any of these factors, our brand image could be negatively impacted, and our sales, net revenues, profitability and long-term growth plans may be negatively impacted.
Consumer shopping and engagement preferences and shifts in distribution channels continue to evolve and if we fail to adapt accordingly our results of operations or future growth could be negatively impacted.
Consumer preferences regarding the shopping experience and how to engage with brands continue to rapidly evolve. We sell our products through a variety of channels, including through wholesale customers and distribution partners, as well as our own direct-to-consumer business consisting of our Brand and Factory House stores and e-commerce platforms. If we or our wholesale customers do not provide consumers with an attractive in-store experience, our brand image and results of operations could be negatively impacted. In addition, as part of our growth strategy, we are investing significantly in enhancing our online platform capabilities, implementing systems to evolve towards a more omni-channel approach to service our consumers and establishing and growing consumer loyalty programs in certain regions. We are also investing in capabilities and tools to drive higher digital engagement with our consumers and create new digital experiences. If we do not successfully execute this strategy or continue to provide an engaging, reliable and user-friendly digital commerce platform or digital experiences that attract consumers, our brand image, and results of operations, as well as our opportunities for future growth, could be negatively impacted.
A decline in sales to, or the loss of, one or more of our key customers could result in a material loss of net revenues and negatively impact our prospects for growth.
We generate a significant portion of our wholesale revenues from sales to our largest customers. We currently do not enter into long-term sales contracts with our key customers, relying instead on our relationships with these customers and on our position in the marketplace. As a result, we face the risk that these key customers may not increase their business with us as we expect, or may significantly decrease their business with us or terminate their relationship with us. The failure to increase or maintain our sales to these customers as much as we anticipate would have a negative impact on our growth prospects and any decrease or loss of these key customers' business could result in a material decrease in our net revenues and net income or loss. In addition, our customers continue to experience ongoing industry consolidation, particularly in the sports specialty sector. As this consolidation continues, it increases the risk that if any one customer significantly reduces their purchases of our products, we may be unable to find sufficient alternative customers to continue to grow our net revenues, or our net revenues may decline materially. In addition, we may from time to time exit relationships with certain wholesale customers to further drive our premium brand position or for other reasons. This may negatively impact our net revenues if we are unable to replace those sales with additional sales to our other customers or direct sales to consumers.
The value of our brand and sales of our products could be diminished if we are associated with negative publicity.
Our business could be adversely impacted if negative publicity regarding our brand, our company or our business partners diminishes the appeal of our brand to consumers. For example, while we require our suppliers, manufacturers and licensees of our products to operate their businesses in compliance with applicable laws and
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regulations, as well as the social and other standards and policies we impose on them, including our code of conduct, we do not control the conduct of these third parties. A violation, or alleged violation of our policies, labor laws or other laws could interrupt or otherwise disrupt our sourcing or damage our brand image. Negative publicity regarding production methods, alleged practices or workplace or related conditions of any of our suppliers, manufacturers or licensees could adversely affect our reputation and sales and force us to locate alternative suppliers, manufacturers or licensees. The risk that our business partners may not act in accordance with our expectations may be exacerbated in markets where our direct sales, supply chain or logistics operations are not as widespread. In addition, we have sponsorship contracts with a variety of athletes, teams and leagues, and many athletes and teams use our products. From time to time, we also enter into collaborative arrangements with athletes, designers or other partners. Negative publicity regarding these partners could negatively impact our brand image and result in diminished loyalty to our brand, regardless of whether such claims are accurate. Furthermore, social media can potentially accelerate and increase the scope of negative publicity. This could diminish the value of our proprietary rights or harm our reputation or have a negative effect on our sales and results of operations.
We must successfully manage the increasingly complex operations of our global business, including continued expansion in certain markets where we have limited brand recognition, or our business and results of operations may be negatively impacted.
Part of our growth strategy depends on our continued expansion outside of North America, and we have limited brand recognition and operating experience in certain regions. We must continue to successfully manage the operational difficulties associated with expanding our business to meet increased consumer demand throughout the world. We have limited experience with regulatory requirements and market practices in certain regions outside of North America, and may face difficulties expanding into and successfully operating in those markets, including differences in regulatory environments, labor and market practices, and difficulties in keeping abreast of market, business and technical developments and consumers' tastes and preferences. We must also continually evaluate the need to expand critical functions in our business, including sales and marketing, product development and distribution functions, our management information systems and other processes and technology. We may not manage these efforts cost-effectively or these efforts could increase the strain on our existing resources. If we experience difficulties in supporting the growth of our business, we could experience an erosion of our brand image or operational challenges leading to a decrease in net revenues and results from operations.
Our results of operations could be materially harmed if we are unable to accurately forecast demand for our products.
To ensure adequate inventory supply, we must forecast inventory needs and place orders with our manufacturers based on estimated future demand for particular products, and before firm orders are placed by our wholesale customers. In addition, a portion of our net revenues may be generated by at-once orders for immediate delivery to wholesale customers, particularly during the last two quarters of the calendar year, which historically has been our peak season. If we fail to accurately forecast customer demand we may experience excess inventory levels or a shortage of product to deliver to our wholesale customers or for our direct-to-consumer channel. Excess inventory may result in inventory write-downs or write-offs or sales at discounted prices or in less preferred distribution channels, negatively impacting gross margin. On the other hand, if we underestimate the demand for our products, our manufacturers may not be able to produce products to meet our customer requirements, resulting in delays in the shipment of our products and our ability to recognize revenue, lost sales, as well as damage to our reputation and wholesale and consumer relationships.
Factors that could affect our ability to accurately forecast demand for our products include: changing consumer demand for our products; product introductions by competitors; unanticipated changes in general market or economic conditions or other factors, which may result in cancellations of advance orders or a reduction or increase in the rate of reorders or at-once orders placed by retailers; the impact on consumer demand due to unseasonable weather conditions, which may become more frequent or severe as a result of climate change; and terrorism or acts of war, or the threat thereof, political or labor instability or unrest or public health concerns and disease epidemics, such as the current COVID-19 pandemic.
The difficulty in forecasting demand also makes it difficult to estimate our future results of operations and financial condition from period to period. A failure to accurately predict the level of demand for our products could adversely impact our profitability or cause us not to achieve our expected financial results.
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We rely on third-party suppliers and manufacturers to provide raw materials for and to produce our products, and we have limited control over these suppliers and manufacturers and may not be able to obtain quality products on a timely basis or in sufficient quantity.
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Many of the materials used in our products are technically advanced products developed by third parties and may be available, in the short-term, from a very limited number of sources. Substantially all of our products are manufactured by unaffiliated manufacturers, and, in 2019, 10Fiscal 2023, ten manufacturers produced approximately 52%65% of our apparel and accessories products, and 6six produced approximately 96%substantially all of our footwear products. We have no long termlong-term contracts with our suppliers or manufacturing sources, and we compete with other companies for fabrics, raw materials production and import quotaproduction capacity.
A number of factors may require us to seek alternative or additional suppliers, which we may not be able to do in a timely or cost-effective manner. We may experience a significant disruption in the supply of fabrics or raw materials from current sources or, in the event of a disruption, we may be unable to locate alternative materials suppliers of comparable quality at an acceptable price, or at all. In addition,Moreover, our unaffiliated manufacturerssuppliers may not be able to fill our orders in a timely manner. Ifmanner depending on market conditions or increased demand for product. For example, in Fiscal 2021, certain of our manufacturers experienced significant financial and operational disruption due to COVID-19, including in key sourcing countries.
We have historically provided supply chain finance support to certain of our supply chain partners. In the past, the financial markets supporting supply chain finance programs experienced disruption that resulted in a temporary disruption to our program and challenged the cash flow and liquidity of our partners. While we worked with our partners through the disruption and have re-established a supply chain finance program, there can be no guarantee that such disruption will not occur again. Additionally, if one or more of our suppliers were to experience significant increased demand,financial difficulty, bankruptcy, insolvency or cease operations, or failed to comply with applicable labor or other laws, we may be required to seek alternative suppliers.
In addition, if we lose or need to replace an existing manufacturer or supplier as a result of adverse economic conditions or other reasons, additional supplies of fabrics or raw materials or additional manufacturing capacity may not be available when required on terms that are acceptable to us, or at all, or suppliers or manufacturers may not be able to allocate sufficient capacity to us in order to meet our requirements. In addition, evenEven if we are able to expand existing or find new manufacturing or fabric sources, we may encounter delays in production and added costs as a result of the time it takes to train our suppliers and manufacturers on our methods, products and quality control standards. Any delays, interruption or increased costs in the supply of fabric or manufacture of our products could have an adverse effect on our ability to meet retail customer and consumer demand for our products and result in lower net revenues and net income (or higher net loss) both in the short and long term.
We have occasionally received, and may in the future continue to receive, shipments of product that fail to conform to our quality control standards. In that event, unlessIf we are ableunable to obtain replacement products in a timely manner, we risk the loss of net revenues resulting from the inability to sell those products and related increased administrative and shipping costs. In addition, because we do not control our manufacturers, products that fail to meet our standards or other unauthorized products could end up in the marketplace without our knowledge, which could harm our brand and our reputation in the marketplace.

Labor or other disruptions at ports or our suppliers or manufacturers may adversely affect our business.
Our business depends on our ability to source and distribute products in a timely and cost effective manner. As a result, we rely on the free flow of goods through open and operational ports worldwide and on a consistent basis from our suppliers and manufacturers. Labor disputes and disruptions at various ports or at our suppliers or manufacturers could create significant risks for our business, particularly if these disputes result in work slowdowns, decreased operations, lockouts, strikes or other disruptions during our peak importing or manufacturing seasons,seasons. For example, the COVID-19 pandemic caused delays and coulddisruptions at ports due to workforce decreases, shipping backlogs and capacity constraints, container shortages and other disruptions, which resulted in slower than planned deliveries of inventory and delayed sales to customers. Significant delays or disruption in receiving and distributing our products, has had, and may again have, an adverse effect on our business, potentially resulting inincluding canceled orders by customers, unanticipated inventory accumulation or shortages, increased expense (including air freight) to deliver our products and reduced net revenues and net income.income or higher net loss.
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Our limited operating experience and limited brand recognition in new markets may limit our expansion strategy and cause our business and growth to suffer.
A significant element of our future growth strategy depends on our expansion efforts outside of North America. During the year ended December 31, 2019, 69% of our net revenues were earned in our North America segment. We have limited experience with regulatory environments and market practices in certain regions outside of North America, and may face difficulties in expanding to and successfully operating in those markets. International expansion may place increased demands on our operational, managerial and administrative resources and may be more costly than we expect. In addition, in connection with expansion efforts outside of North America, we may face cultural and linguistic differences, differences in regulatory environments, labor practices and market practices and difficulties in keeping abreast of market, business and technical developments and customers’ tastes and preferences. We may also encounter difficulty expanding into new markets because of more limited brand recognition leading to delayed acceptance of our products. Failure to successfully grow our business outside North America would negatively impact our ability to achieve our near-term and long-term growth targets.

Our financial results and ability to grow our business may be negatively impacted by economic, regulatory and political risks beyond our control.
Substantially all of our manufacturers are located outside of the United States and an increasing amount of our net revenue is generated by sales in our international business. As a result, we are subject to risks associated with doing business abroad, including:
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political or labor unrest, terrorism and economic instability resulting in the disruption of trade from foreign countries in which our products are manufactured;
currency exchange fluctuations or requirements to transact in specific currencies;
the imposition of new laws and regulations, including those relating to labor conditions, quality and safety standards, as well as rules and regulations regarding climate change;
uncertainties and the ongoing effect of the United Kingdom’s withdraw from the European Union;
actions of foreign or U.S. governmental authorities impacting trade and foreign investment, particularly during periods of heightened tension between U.S. and foreign governments, including the imposition of new import limitations, duties, anti-dumping penalties, trade restrictions or restrictions on the transfer of funds;
reduced protection for intellectual property rights in some countries;
disruptions or delays in shipments; and
changes in local economic conditions in countries where our stores, customers, manufacturers and suppliers are located.
These risks could hamper our ability to sell products in international markets, negatively affect the ability of our manufacturers to produce or deliver our products or procure materials and increase our cost of doing business generally, any of which could have an adverse effect on our results of operations, cash flows and financial condition. In the event that one or more of these factors make it undesirable or impractical for us to conduct business in a particular country, our business could be adversely affected.

If we fail to successfully manage or realize expected results from acquisitions and other significant transactions or investments, or if we are required to recognize an impairment of our goodwill or other intangible assets, it may have an adverse effect on our results of operations and financial position.
From time to time, we may engage in acquisition opportunities we believe are complementary to our business and brand. Integrating acquisitionsacquired businesses can also require significant efforts and resources, which could divert management attention from more profitable business operations. From time to time we have also disposed of certain assets where we did not think our activities aligned to our operating model. If we fail to successfully integrate acquired businesses or effectively manage dispositions, we may not realize the financial benefits or other synergies we anticipated. In addition, in connection with our acquisitions, we may record goodwill or other indefinite-lived intangible assets. We have recognized goodwill impairment charges in the past. If an acquired business does not produce results consistent with financial models used in our analysis of an acquisition, or if reporting units carryingpast, and additional goodwill do not meet our current expectations of future growth rates or market factors outside of our control change significantly, then one or more of our reporting units or intangible assets might become impaired, whichimpairment charges could have an adverse effect on our results of operations and financial position. AsAdditionally, from time to time, we may invest in business infrastructure, new businesses and expansion of December 31, 2019,existing businesses, such as the fairexpansion of our network of Brand and Factory House stores and our distribution facilities, implementing our global operating and financial reporting information technology system, supporting our digital strategy (including our e-commerce platform and loyalty programs), or supporting our corporate infrastructure (including the development of our new global headquarters located in the Baltimore Peninsula, an area of Baltimore previously referred to as Port Covington). These investments require substantial cash investments and management attention, and infrastructure investments may also divert funds from other potential business opportunities. We believe cost effective investments are essential to business growth and profitability. The failure of any significant investment to provide the returns or synergies we expect could adversely affect our financial results.
Climate change and an increased focus on sustainability issues, including those related to climate change, human rights and diversity, equity and inclusion, may have an adverse effect on our brand, sales of our products and our results of operations.
There are concerns that increased levels of greenhouse gases in the atmosphere have caused, and may continue to cause, increases in global temperatures, changes in weather patterns and an increase in the frequency and severity of natural disasters and extreme weather events. Climate change has the potential to impact our business in numerous ways. These concerns may impact consumer preferences and, if we fail to adapt accordingly, consumer demand for our product. The physical impacts of climate change, such as an increase in the frequency and severity of storms and flooding, may increase volatility in the supply chain, which could affect the availability, quality and cost of raw materials, and disruption to the production and distribution of our products. In addition, governmental authorities in various countries have proposed, and are likely to continue to propose, legislation and regulation to reduce or mitigate the impacts of climate change. Various countries and regions are following different approaches to the regulation of climate change, which could increase the complexity of, and potential cost related to complying with, such regulations. Any of the foregoing may require us to make additional investments. Failure to monitor, adapt, build resilience and develop solutions against the physical and transitional impacts from climate change may negatively impact our brand and reputation, sales of our products and our results of operations.
Certain customers, consumers, investors and other stakeholders are increasingly focusing on the sustainability and human rights practices of companies, including those related to climate change and diversity, equity and inclusion. If our sustainability and human rights practices do not meet such stakeholder expectations and standards, which continue to evolve, our brand and reputation could be negatively impacted. We have published, and may continue to publish, a sustainability report and other information describing our practices, targets and commitments on a variety of sustainability and human rights matters, including relating to our actions to address climate change, environmental targets and compliance, social and labor policies and practices, human capital management matters (including those relating to diversity, equity and inclusion) and the materials and manufacturing of our products. It is possible that stakeholders may not be satisfied with such disclosures, our sustainability and human rights practices, targets or commitments or the speed or success of their adoption. We may incur additional costs, face market and technological barriers, require additional resources or change investment decisions, which may require us to adjust or restate some or all of our targets and commitments. Any failure, or perceived failure, to meet stakeholder expectations or our targets or commitments could harm our reputation, negatively impact our employee retention or have a negative effect on our sales and results of operations.
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The costs and return on our investments for our sports marketing sponsorships may become more challenging and this could impact the value of eachour brand image.
A key element of our reporting units substantially exceeded its carrying value,marketing strategy has been to create a link in the consumer market between our products and professional, collegiate and young athletes. We have developed licensing and sponsorship agreements with a variety of sports teams and athletes at the exceptioncollegiate and professional level to be their official supplier of performance apparel and footwear. We have also developed licensing agreements to be an official supplier of footwear and/or performance apparel to a variety of professional sports leagues and clubs. However, as competition in the performance apparel and footwear industry has increased, the costs associated with athlete sponsorships and official supplier licensing agreements, including the costs of obtaining and retaining these sponsorships and agreements, have varied and at times increased greatly. If we are unable to maintain our Latin America reporting unit. While no events have occurred that indicated it was more likely than not that goodwill was impaired, an impairmentcurrent association with professional athletes, teams and leagues, or to do so at a reasonable cost, we could lose the on-field authenticity associated with our products, and we may be required to modify and substantially increase our marketing investments.
If we encounter problems with our distribution system, our ability to deliver our products to the market could be adversely affected.
We rely on a limited number of distribution facilities for our product distribution. Our distribution facilities utilize computer controlled and automated equipment, which means the operations are complicated and may be subject to a number of risks related to security or computer viruses or malware, the proper operation of software and hardware, power interruptions or other system failures. In addition, because many of our products are distributed from a limited number of locations, our operations could also be interrupted by severe weather conditions, floods, fires or other natural disasters in these locations, as well as labor or other operational difficulties or interruptions, including public health crises or disease epidemics. We maintain business interruption insurance, but it may not adequately protect us from the future ifadverse effects that could be caused by significant disruptions in our currentdistribution facilities or from all types of events causing such disruptions. Significant disruptions could lead to loss of customers or an erosion of our brand image. In addition, our distribution capacity is dependent on the timely performance of services by third parties. This includes the shipping of product to and from our distribution facilities, as well as partnering with third-party distribution facilities in certain regions where we do not maintain our own facilities. From time to time, certain of our partners have experienced and may continue to experience disruptions to their operations, including cyber-related disruptions and disruptions related to the COVID-19 pandemic. If we or our partners encounter such problems, our results of operations, as well as our ability to meet customer expectations, manage inventory, complete sales and achieve objectives for operating efficiencies could be materially adversely affected.
We rely significantly on information technology and any failure, inadequacy or interruption of that technology could harm our ability to effectively operate our business.
We rely on our own and our vendors' information technology throughout our business operations, including to design, forecast and order product, manage and maintain our inventory and internal reports, manage sales and distribution, operate our e-commerce website and mobile applications, process transactions, manage retail operations and other key business activities. We also communicate electronically throughout the world with our employees and with third parties, such as customers, suppliers, vendors and consumers. Our operations are dependent on the reliable performance of these systems and technologies and their underlying technical infrastructure, which incorporate complex software. Any of these information systems could fail or experience a service interruption for a number of reasons, including computer viruses, ransomware or other malware, programming errors, hacking or other unlawful activities, disasters or a failure to properly maintain system redundancy or protect, repair, maintain or upgrade the systems. For example, in Fiscal 2021, a remote code execution vulnerability in Apache log4j was identified as affecting large amounts of systems worldwide, including ours. We have not experienced any material operational disruptions related to this reporting unit are not met.event.
From time to time we have experienced, and may continue to experience, operational disruption due to attacks on our systems and those of our vendors. Although we maintain certain business continuity plans, there can be no assurance that our business continuity plans, or those of our vendors, will anticipate all material risks that may arise or will effectively resolve the issues in a timely manner or adequately protect us from the adverse effects that could be caused by significant disruptions in key information technology. The failure of these systems to operate effectively or to integrate with other systems, or a breach in security of these systems could cause delays in product fulfillment and reduced efficiency of our operations, lost sales, the exposure of sensitive business or personal information and damage to the reputation of our brand. Depending on the system and scope of disruption,
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in some instances a service interruption or shutdown could have a material adverse impact on our operating activities or results of operations. Remediation and repair of any failure, problem or breach of our key systems or known potential vulnerabilities could require significant capital investments, as well as divert resources and management attention from key projects or initiatives. While we have purchased cybersecurity insurance, there can be no assurance that the coverage would be adequate in relation to any incurred losses. Moreover, as cyber attacks increase in frequency and magnitude, we may be unable to obtain cybersecurity insurance in amounts and on terms we view as appropriate for our operations.
We also heavily rely on information systems to process financial and accounting information for financial reporting purposes. If we experience any significant disruption to our financial information systems that we are unable to mitigate, our ability to timely report our financial results could be impacted, which could negatively impact our stock price.
Our future success is substantially dependent on the continued service of our senior management and other key employees, and our continued ability to attract and retain highly talented new team members.
Our future success is substantially dependent on the continued service of our senior management, particularly Kevin Plank, our founder, Executive Chair and Brand Chief, Stephanie Linnartz, our President and Chief Executive Officer, other top executives and key employees who have substantial experience and expertise in our business, including product creation, innovation, sales, marketing, supply chain, informational technology, operational and other support personnel. The loss of the services of our senior management or other key employees could make it more difficult to successfully operate our business and achieve our business goals and could result in harm to key customer relationships, loss of key information, expertise or know-how and unanticipated recruitment and training costs. Changes in our senior management can also disrupt our business. The failure to successfully transition and assimilate key employees could adversely affect our results of operations.
In addition, to profitably grow our business and manage our operations, we will need to continue to attract, retain and motivate highly talented management and other employees with a range of skills, backgrounds and experiences. Competition for experienced and well-qualified employees in our industry is intense and we may not be successful in attracting and retaining such personnel. Additionally, changes to our current and future office environments, adoption of new work models and requirements about when or how often employees work on-site or remotely may fail to meet the expectations of our employees and present new challenges. As certain jobs and employers increasingly operate remotely, traditional geographic competition for talent may change in ways that cannot be fully predicted at this time. If we are unable to attract, retain and motivate management and other employees with the necessary skills, we may not be able to grow or successfully operate our business and achieve our long-term objectives. In addition, we have invested significant time and resources in building, maintaining and evolving our company culture and our values, which we believe to be critical to our future success. Failure to maintain and continue to evolve our culture could negatively affect our ability to attract, retain and motivate talented management and employees and to achieve our long-term objectives.
We may not fully realize the expected benefits of our restructuring plans or other operating or cost-saving initiatives, which may negatively impact our profitability.
Since 2017, we have executed three separate restructuring plans designed to more closely align our financial resources against the critical priorities of our business and rebalance our cost base to further improve future profitability and cash flow generation. We have also implemented several changes to our operating model and continue to refine our operating model in response to business and market conditions. We may not achieve the operational improvements and efficiencies that we targeted in our restructuring plans and operating model changes, which could adversely impact our results of operations and financial condition. Implementing any restructuring plan or operating model change presents significant potential risks including, among others, higher than anticipated implementation costs, management distraction from ongoing business activities, failure to maintain adequate controls and procedures while executing our restructuring plans and operating model changes, damage to our reputation and brand image and workforce attrition beyond planned reductions. If we fail to achieve targeted operating improvements and/or cost reductions, our profitability and results of operations could be negatively impacted, which may be dilutive to our earnings in the short term.
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Financial Risks
Our credit agreement contains financial covenants, and both our credit agreement and debt securities contain other restrictions on our actions, which could limit our operational flexibility or otherwise adversely affect our financial condition.
We have, from time to time, financed our liquidity needs in part from borrowings made under our credit facility and the issuance of debt securities. Our debt securitiesSenior Notes limit our ability to, subject to certain significant exceptions, incur secured debt and engage in sale leaseback transactions. Our amended credit agreement contains negative covenants that, subject to significant exceptions limit our ability, among other things to incur additional indebtedness, make restricted payments, sell or dispose of assets, pledge assets as security, make investments, loans, advances, guarantees and acquisitions, undergo fundamental changes and enter into transactions with affiliates. In addition, we must maintain a certain leverage ratio and interest coverage ratio as defined in the amended credit agreement. Our ability to continue to borrow amounts under our amended credit agreement is limited by continued compliance with these financial covenants, and in the past we have amended our credit agreement to increase these ratios inprovide certain quarterlyrelief from and revisions to our financial covenants for specified periods to provide us with sufficient access to liquidity during those periods. Failure to comply with these operating or financial covenants could result from, among other things, changes in our results of operations or general economic conditions. These covenants may restrict our ability to engage in transactions that would otherwise be in our best interests. Failure to comply with any of the covenants under the amended credit agreement or our debt securitiesSenior Notes could result in a default. default, which could negatively impact our access to liquidity.
In addition, the amended credit agreement includes a cross default provision whereby an event of default under certain other debt obligations (including our debt securities) will be considered an
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event of default under the amended credit agreement. If an event of default occurs, the commitments of the lenders under the amended credit agreement may be terminated and the maturity of amounts owed may be accelerated. Our debt securities include a cross acceleration provision which provides that the acceleration of certain other debt obligations (including our credit agreement) will be considered an event of default under our debt securities and, subject to certain time and notice periods, give bondholders the right to accelerate our debt securities.

We may need to raise additional capital required to manage and grow our business, and we may not be able to raise capital on terms acceptable to us or at all.
GrowingManaging and operatinggrowing our business will require significant cash outlays and capital expenditures and commitments. We have utilized cash on hand and cash generated from operations, accessed our credit facility and issued debt securities as sources of liquidity. IfFor example, during the first and second quarters of Fiscal 2020, our cash generated from operations was negatively impacted due to widespread temporary store closures as a result of the COVID-19 pandemic. As of March 31, 2023, our cash and cash equivalents totaled $712 million. However, if in future periods our cash on hand, and cash generated from operations and availability under our credit agreement are not sufficient to meet our cash requirements, we will need to seek additional capital, potentially through debt or equity financing, to fund our growth.operations and future growth, and we may be unable to obtain debt or equity financing on favorable terms or at all. Our ability to access the credit and capital markets in the future as a source of liquidity, and the borrowing costs associated with such financing, are dependent upon market conditions and our credit rating and outlook. Our credit ratings have been downgraded previously,in the past, and we cannot assure that we will be able to maintain our current ratings, which could increase our cost of borrowing in the future. In addition, equity financing may be on terms that are dilutive or potentially dilutive to our stockholders, and the prices at which new investors would be willing to purchase our securities may be lower than the current price per share of our common stock. The holders of new securities may also have rights, preferences or privileges which are senior to those of existing holders of common stock. If new sources of financing are required, but are insufficient or unavailable, we will be required to modify our growth and operating plans based on available funding, if any, which would harm our ability to grow our business.
In addition, the U.K. Financial Conduct Authority announced in 2017 that it intends to phase out LIBOR by the end of 2021. Our credit agreement permits us to borrow based on an adjusted LIBOR rate, plus an applicable margin. While the credit agreement provides for a mechanism for determining an alternative interest rate following this phase out, uncertainty regarding alternative rates may make borrowing under our credit agreement or refinancing our other indebtedness more expensive or difficult to achieve on terms we consider favorable.

Our operating results are subject to seasonal and quarterly variations in our net revenues and income from operations, which could adversely affect the price of our publicly traded common stock.
We have experienced, and expect to continue to experience, seasonal and quarterly variations in our net revenues and income or loss from operations. These variations are primarily related to the mix of our products sold during the fall selling season, including our higher price cold weather products, along with a larger proportion of higher margin direct to consumer sales. Our quarterly results may also vary based on the timing of customer orders. The majority of our net revenues wereare historically generated during the last two quarters in each of 2019, 2018 and 2017, respectively.
the calendar year. Our quarterly results of operations may also fluctuate significantly as a result of a variety of other factors, including among other things,the timing of our customer orders, our ability to timely delivery, the timing of marketing expenses and changes in our product mix. Variations in weather conditions may also have an adverse effect on our quarterly results of operations. For example, warmer than normal weather conditions throughout the fall or winter may reduce sales of our COLDGEAR® line, leaving us with excess inventory and operating results below our expectations.
As a result of these seasonal and quarterly fluctuations, we
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believe that comparisons of our operating results between different quarters within a single year are not necessarily meaningful and that these comparisons cannot be relied upon as indicators of our future performance. Any seasonal or quarterly fluctuations that we report in the future may not match the expectations of market analysts and investors. This could cause the price of our publicly traded stock to fluctuate significantly.

Our results of operations are affected by the performance of our equity investments, over which we do not exercise control.
We maintain certain minority investments, and may in the future invest in additional minority investments, which we account for under the equity method, and are required to recognize our allocable share of its net income or loss in our Consolidated Financial Statements. Our results of operations are affected by the performance of these businesses, over which we do not exercise control, and our net income or loss may be negatively impacted by losses realized by these investments. For example, we have previously recognized losses related to our Japanese licensee's business. We are also required to regularly review our investments for impairment, and an impairment charge may result from the occurrence of adverse events or management decisions that impact the fair value or estimated future cash flows to be generated from our investments. In addition, to the extent our Japanese licensee continues to experience challenges in the performance of its business, we may not continue to realize the license revenues from our Japanese licensee in line with its past results, which could negatively impact our net revenues and results of operations. Furthermore, based on its financial performance, our ability to recover our investment in the long term may be limited.
Our financial results could be adversely impacted by currency exchange rate fluctuations.
WeDuring Fiscal 2023, we generated approximately 28%34% of our consolidated net revenues outside the United States. As our international business grows, our results of operations could be adversely impacted by changes in foreign currency exchange rates. Revenues and certain expenses in markets outside of the United States are recognized in local foreign currencies, and we are exposed to potential gains or losses from the translation of those amounts into U.S. dollars for consolidation into our financial statements. These amounts can be material. Similarly, we are exposed to gains and losses resulting from currency exchange rate fluctuations on transactions generated by our foreign subsidiaries in currencies other than
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their local currencies. In addition, the business of our independent manufacturers may also be disrupted by currency exchange rate fluctuations by making their purchases of raw materials more expensive and more difficult to finance. As a result,From time to time, our results of operations have been, and may continue to be, adversely impacted by foreign currency exchange rate fluctuations may adversely impact our results of operations.

The value of our brand and sales of our products could be diminished if we are associated with negative publicity.
Our business could be adversely impacted if negative publicity regarding our brand, our company or our business partners diminishes the appeal of our brand to consumers. For example, while we require our suppliers, manufacturers and licensees of our products to operate their businesses in compliance with applicable laws and regulations as well as the social and other standards and policies we impose on them, including our code of conduct, we do not control their practices. A violation, or alleged violation of our policies, labor laws or other laws could interrupt or otherwise disrupt our sourcing or damage our brand image. Negative publicity regarding production methods, alleged practices or workplace or related conditions of any of our suppliers, manufacturers or licensees could adversely affect our reputation and sales and force us to locate alternative suppliers, manufacturers or licensees.
fluctuations. In addition, we have sponsorship contracts withpreviously designated cash flow hedges against certain forecasted transactions. If we determine that such a variety of athletestransaction is no longer probable to occur in the time period we expected, we are required to de-designate the hedging relationship and feature those athletesimmediately recognize the derivative instrument gain or loss in our advertisingearnings. From time to time, global macroeconomic factors, such as the ongoing impacts of COVID-19, have caused and marketing efforts,may continue to cause uncertainty in forecasted cash flows, which has resulted and many athletes and teams use our products, including those teams or leagues for which we are an official supplier. Actions taken by athletes, teams or leagues associated with our products could harmmay in the reputations of those athletes, teams or leagues. These and other types of negative publicity, especially through social media which potentially accelerates and increases the scope of negative publicity, could negatively impact our brand image andfuture result in diminished loyalty to our brand, regardlessthe de-designation of whether such claims are accurate. This could have a negative effect on our sales and results of operations.certain hedged transactions.

Sponsorships
Legal, Regulatory and designations as an official supplier may become more expensive and this could impact the value of our brand image.Compliance Risks
A key element of our marketing strategy has been to create a link in the consumer market between our products and professional and collegiate athletes. We have developed licensing agreements to be the official supplier of performance apparel and footwearOur business is subject to a varietywide array of sports teamslaws and leagues at the collegiateregulations, and professional level and sponsorship agreements with athletes. However, as competition in the performance apparel and footwear industry has increased, the costs associated with athlete sponsorships and official supplier licensing agreements have increased, including the costs associated with obtaining and retaining these sponsorships and agreements. If we are unable to maintain our current association with professional and collegiate athletes, teams and leagues, or to do so at a reasonable cost, we could lose the on-field authenticity associated with our products, and we may be required to modify and substantially increase our marketing investments. As a result, our brand image, net revenues, expenses and profitability could be materially adversely affected.

Our failure to comply with trade and other regulationsthese requirements could lead to investigations or actions by government regulators, increased expense or reputational damage.
Our business is subject to a wide array of laws and negative publicity.
Theregulations, including those addressing consumer protection, safety, labeling, distribution, importation, sustainability and environmental matters, labor and human rights matters, the marketing and sale of our products, data privacy and other matters. These requirements are subject to extensive regulationenforced by various federal agencies, including the Federal Trade Commission, Consumer Product Safety Commission and state attorneys general in the U.S.,United States, as well as by various other federal, state, provincial, local and international regulatory authorities in the locations in which our products are distributed or sold. If we fail to comply with thosethese regulations, we could become subject to significant penalties or claims or be required to stop selling or otherwise recall products, which could negatively impact our results of operations and disrupt our ability to conduct our business, as well as damage our brand image with consumers. In addition, the adoption of new legislation, regulations or industry standards, including related to data privacy, sustainability and climate change, or changes in the interpretation of existing regulations may result in significant unanticipated compliance costs or
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discontinuation of product sales and may impair the marketing of our products, resulting in significant loss of net revenues.
Our international operations are also subject to compliance with the U.S. Foreign Corrupt Practices Act, or FCPA, and U.S. sanctions laws, as well as other anti-bribery and sanctions laws applicable to our operations.of foreign jurisdictions where we conduct business. Although we have policies and procedures to address compliance with the FCPA and similar laws and sanctions requirements, there can be no assurance that all of our employees, contractors, agents and other partners will not take actions in violations of our policies.policies or that our procedures will effectively mitigate against such risks. Any such violation could subject us to sanctions or other penalties that could negatively affect our reputation, business and operating results.

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TableWe must also comply with increasingly complex and evolving regulatory standards throughout the world enacted to protect personal information and other data, including the General Data Protection Regulation, the ePrivacy Directive, the California Consumer Privacy Act of Contents
If we encounter problems with our distribution system,2018, the California Privacy Rights Act, state privacy laws in Virginia, Utah, Connecticut and Colorado and the Personal Information Protection Law in China. These laws and related regulations impact our ability to deliverengage with our products to the market could be adversely affected.
We rely on a limited number of distribution facilities for our product distribution. Our distribution facilities utilize computer controlledconsumers, and automated equipment, which means the operations are complicated and may be subject to a number of risks related to security or computer viruses or malware, the proper operation of software and hardware, power interruptions or other system failures. In addition, because many of our products are distributed from a limited number of locations, our operations could also be interrupted by severe weather conditions, floods, fires or other natural disasters in these locations, as well as labor or other operational difficulties or interruptions. We maintain business interruption insurance, but it may not adequately protect us from the adverse effects that could be caused by significant disruptions in our distribution facilities, such as the long term loss of customers or an erosion of our brand image. In addition, our distribution capacity is dependent on the timely performance of services by third parties. This includes the shipping of product to and from our distribution facilities, as well as partnering with third party distribution facilities in certain regions where we do not maintain our own facilities. From time to time, certain of our partners have experienced disruptions to their operations, including cyber-related disruptions. If we or our partners encounter such problems, our results of operations, as well as our ability to meet customer expectations, manage inventory, complete sales and achieve objectives for operating efficiencies could be materially adversely affected.

We rely significantly on information technology and any failure, inadequacy or interruption of that technology could harm our ability to effectively operate our business.
Our business relies on information technology. Our ability to effectively manage and maintain our inventory and internal reports, and to ship products to customers and invoice them on a timely basis depends significantly on our enterprise resource planning, warehouse management, and other information systems. We also heavily rely on information systems to process financial and accounting information for financial reporting purposes. Anysome of these privacy laws prohibit the transfer of personal information systems could fail or experience a service interruption for a number of reasons, including computer viruses or malware, programming errors, hacking orto certain other unlawful activities, disasters or our failure to properly maintain system redundancy or protect, repair, maintain or upgrade our systems. The failure of our information systems to operate effectively or to integratejurisdictions. Compliance with other systems, or a breach in security of these systems could cause delays in product fulfillmentexisting laws and reduced efficiency of our operations, whichregulations can be costly and could negatively impact our financial results. If we experienced any significant disruptionprofitability. Moreover, data privacy laws and regulations continue to evolve and it may be costly for us to adjust our financial information systems that we are unableoperations to mitigate, our ability to timely report our financial results could be impacted, which could negatively impact our stock price. We also communicate electronicallycomply with new requirements. Regulatory bodies throughout the world have increased enforcement efforts against companies who fail to comply with privacy requirements. Failure to comply with these regulatory standards could result in a violation of data privacy laws and regulations and subject us to legal proceedings against us by governmental entities or others, imposition of fines by governmental authorities, negative publicity and damage to our employees and with third parties, such as customers, suppliers, vendors and consumers. A service interruption or shutdownbrand image, all of which could have a materially adversenegative impact on our operating activities. Remediation and repair of any failure, problem or breach of our key information systems could require significant capital investments.
In addition, we interact with many of our consumers through both our e-commerce website and our mobile applications, and these systems face similar risk of interruption or attack. Consumers increasingly utilize these services to purchase our products and to engage with our Connected Fitness community. If we are unable to continue to provide consumers a user-friendly experience and evolve our platform to satisfy consumer preferences, the growth of our e-commerce business and our net revenues may be negatively impacted. The performance of our Connected Fitness business is dependent on reliable performance of its products, applications and services and the underlying technical infrastructure, which incorporate complex software. If this software contains errors, bugs or other vulnerabilities which impede or halt service, this could result in damage to our reputation and brand, loss of users or loss of revenue.

profitability.
Data security or privacy breaches could damage our reputation, cause us to incur additional expense, expose us to litigation and adversely affect our business and results of operations.
We collect sensitive and proprietary business information as well asand personally identifiable information in connection with digital marketing, digital commerce, our in-store payment processing systems and our Connected Fitness business. In particular, indigital business (including our Connected Fitness business weMapMyFitness platform). We collect and store a variety of information regarding our users,consumers, and on some of our platforms allow users to share their personal information with each other and with third parties. We also rely on third parties for the operation of certain of our e-commerce websites, and do not control these service providers. HackersLike other companies in our industry, we have in the past experienced, and data thieves are increasingly sophisticatedwe expect to continue to experience, cyberattacks, including phishing, cyber fraud incidents and operate large scaleother attempts to gain unauthorized access to our systems. These attempted attacks have increased throughout the COVID-19 pandemic and complex automated attacks.with our implementation of a hybrid work model for many of our global corporate employees. There can be no assurance that these attacks will not have a material impact in the future. Any breach of our data security or that of our service providers could result in an unauthorized release or transfer of customer, consumer, vendor user or employee information, or the loss of money, valuable business data or
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cause a disruption in our business. These events could give rise to unwanted media attention, damage our reputation, damage our customer, consumer or user relationships and result in lost sales, fines or lawsuits. We may also be required to expend significant capital and other resources to protect against or respond to or alleviate problems caused by a security breach, which could negatively impact our results of operations.
For example, in early 2018 an unauthorized third party acquired data associated with our Connected Fitness users' accounts for our MyFitnessPal application and website. Approximately 150 million user accounts were affected by this issue, and the affected information included usernames, email addresses and hashed passwords. We continue to face legal proceedings in connection with this incident, and we may face claims or investigations by government regulators and agencies. We may also be required to incur additional expense to further enhance our data security infrastructure.
We must also comply with increasingly complex regulatory standards throughout the world enacted to protect personal information and other data. Compliance with existing, proposed and forthcoming laws and regulations can be costly and could negatively impact our profitability. In addition, an inability to maintain compliance with these regulatory standards could result in a violation of data privacy laws and regulations and subject us to litigation or other regulatory proceedings. For example, the European Union adopted a new regulation that became effective in May 2018, called the General Data Protection Regulation (“GDPR”), which requires companies to meet new requirements regarding the handling of personal data, including its use, protection and transfer and the ability of persons whose data is stored to correct or delete such data about themselves. Failure to meet the GDPR requirements could result in penalties of up to 4% of annual worldwide revenue. The GDPR also confers a private right of action on certain individuals and associations. Other jurisdictions are considering adopting similar or stricter measures. For example, in January 2020, the California Consumer Privacy Act took effect, and establishes transparency roles and creates new data privacy rights for consumers. Any of these factors could negatively impact our profitability, result in negative publicity and damage our brand image or cause the size of our Connected Fitness community to decline.

We are in the process of implementing a new operating and information system, which involves risks and uncertainties that could adversely affect our business.
In 2015, we began the process of implementing a global operating and financial reporting information technology system, SAP Fashion Management Solution ("FMS"), as part of a multi-year plan to integrate and upgrade our systems and processes. The first phase of this implementation became operational during 2017 in our North America, EMEA and Connected Fitness operations. The next phase of this implementation became operational in 2019 in our Asia-Pacific region, and we are currently in the process of implementing FMS in our Latin American region, which is expected to become operational in 2020. Implementation of new information systems involves risks and uncertainties. Any disruptions, delays, or deficiencies in the design, implementation or application of these systems could result in increased costs, disruptions in our ability to effectively source, sell or ship our products, delays in the collection of payment from our customers or adversely affect our ability to timely report our financial results, all of which could materially adversely affect our business, results of operations, and financial condition.

Changes in tax laws and unanticipated tax liabilities could adversely affect our effective income tax rate and profitability.
We are subject to income taxes in the United States (federal and state) and numerous foreign jurisdictions. Our effective income tax rate could be adversely affected in the future by a number of factors, including changes in the mix of earnings in countries with differing statutory tax rates, changes in the valuation of deferred tax assets and liabilities, changes in tax laws and regulations or their interpretations and application, the outcome of income tax audits in various jurisdictions around the world, and any repatriation of non-U.S. earnings for which we have not previously provided applicable foreign withholding taxes, certain U.S. state income taxes, or foreign exchange rate impacts.
For example, the United States enacted the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act (the “Tax Act”) on December 22, 2017, which had a significant impact to our provision for income taxes. The Tax Act requires complex computations to be performed that were not previously required under U.S. tax law, significant judgments to be made in interpretation of the provisions of the Tax Act, and the preparation and analysis of information not previously relevant or regularly produced. The U.S. Treasury Department, the Internal Revenue Service, and U.S. states taxing authorities could interpret or issue guidance on how provisions of the Tax Act will be applied or otherwise administered that is different from our interpretation.
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Additionally,Moreover, we also engage in multiple types of intercompany transactions, and our allocation of profits and losses among us and our subsidiaries through our intercompany transfer pricing arrangements are subject to review by the Internal Revenue Service and foreign tax authorities. Although we believe we have clearly reflected the economics of these transactions in accordance with current rules and regulations, which are generally consistent with the arms-length standard, and the proper documentation is in place, tax authorities may propose and sustain adjustments that could result in changes that may materially impact our tax provision. Moreover,
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Additionally, many countries have implemented legislation and other guidance to align their international tax rules with the Organization for Economic Co-operation and DevelopmentDevelopment's ("OECD") Base Erosion and manyProfit Shifting ("BEPS") recommendations and action plan, which aim to standardize and modernize global corporate tax policy and include changes to cross-border tax, transfer pricing documentation rules and nexus-based tax incentive practices. As a result of this heightened scrutiny, we may experience an increase in income tax audits. In addition, prior decisions by tax authorities regarding treatments and positions of corporate income taxes could be subject to enforcement activities and/or legislative investigation, which could also result in changes in tax policies or prior tax rulings. Any such activities may result in the taxes we previously paid being subject to change, which could have a material adverse impact on our tax provision.
The OECD has issued rules intended to provide governments new taxing rights over the digital economy and specific digital services (“Pillar One”), as well as the implementation of a global minimum tax (“Pillar Two”). Many countries in which we do business continuehave operations are required to, evaluate changesor voluntarily plan to, implement Pillar Two taxes. For example, we have operations in the European Union, where member states are required to enact Pillar Two taxes by December 31, 2023, and in South Korea, which has enacted Pillar Two taxes effective for fiscal years beginning on or after January 1, 2024. The enactment of Pillar One and Pillar Two taxes in jurisdictions where we have operations could have a material adverse impact on our global transfer pricing arrangements, tax laws whichprovision, cash tax liability, effective tax rate and profitability.
Failure to protect our intellectual property rights, or our conflict with the rights of others, could significantly impact the allocation of profitsdamage our brand, weaken our competitive position and losses among us and our subsidiaries andnegatively impact our mixresults of earnings in countries with differing statutory rates.
We regularly assess all these matters to determine the adequacy of our tax provision, which is subject to significant judgment.

operations.
Our financial results may be adversely affected if substantial investmentssuccess depends in businesseslarge part on our brand image. We currently rely on a combination of copyright, trademark, trade dress, patent, anti-counterfeiting and operations failunfair competition laws, confidentiality procedures and licensing arrangements to produce expected returns.
From time to time, we may invest in business infrastructure, new businesses,establish and expansion of existing businesses, such as the ongoing expansion ofprotect our network of brand and factory house stores andintellectual property rights. Despite our distribution facilities, investments to implement our global operating and financial reporting information technology system, or investments to support our digital strategy. These investments require substantial cash investments and management attention. We believe cost effective investments are essential to business growth and profitability. The failure of any significant investment to provide the returns or synergies we expect could adversely affect our financial results. Infrastructure investments may also divert funds from other potential business opportunities.

Our future success is substantially dependent on the continued service of our senior management and other key employees.
Our future success is substantially dependent on the continued service of our senior management and other key employees, particularly Kevin A. Plank, our founder, Executive Chairman and Brand Chief and Patrik Frisk, our Chief Executive Officer and President and other top executives. The loss of the services of our senior management or other key employees could make it more difficult to successfully operate our business and achieve our business goals.
We also may be unable to retain existing management, product creation, innovation, sales, marketing, operational and other support personnel that are critical to our success, which could result in harm to key customer relationships, loss of key information, expertise or know-how and unanticipated recruitment and training costs.

If we are unable to attract and retain new team members, including senior management,strategic enforcement efforts, we may not be able to achieve our business objectives.
To be successful in continuing to profitably grow our business and manage our operations, we will need to continue to attract, retain and motivate highly talented management and other employees with a range of skills and experience. Competition for employees in our industry is intense and we have experienced difficulty from time to time in attracting the personnel necessary to support the growthprevent adequately infringement of our business,trademarks and we may experience similar difficulties in the future. If we are unable to attract, assimilate and retain management and other employees with the necessary skills, we may not be able to grow or successfully operate our business and achieve our long term objectives.

A numberproprietary rights by others, including imitation of our fabricsproducts and manufacturing technology are not patentedmisappropriation of our brand, and canintellectual property protection may be imitated by our competitors.
Theunavailable or limited in some jurisdictions. In addition, intellectual property rights in the technology, fabrics and processes used to manufacture the majority of our products are generally owned or controlled by our suppliers and are generally not unique to us. Our ability to obtain patent protection for our products is limitedus, and we currently own a limited number of fabric or process patents. As a result, our current and future competitors are able to manufacture and sell products with performance characteristics and fabrications similar to certain of our products. Because many of our competitors have significantly greater financial, distribution, marketing and other resources than we do, they may be able to manufacture and sell products based on certain of our fabrics and manufacturing technology at lower prices than we can. If our competitors do sell similar products to ours at lower prices, our net revenues and profitability could be materially adversely affected.

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Our intellectual property rights and product offerings could potentially conflict with the rights of others and we may be prevented from selling or providing some of our products.
Our success depends in large part on our brand image. We believe our registered and common law trademarks have significant value and are important to identifying and differentiating our products from those of our competitors and creating and sustaining demand for our products. In addition, patents are increasingly important with respect to our innovative products and new businesses and investments, including our digital business. From time to time, we have received or brought claims relating to the enforcement of our intellectual property rights against others or have discovered unauthorized products in the marketplace that are either counterfeit reproductions of our products or unauthorized irregulars that do not meet our quality control standards. If we fail to protect, maintain and enforce our intellectual property rights, the value of our brand could decrease and our competitive position may suffer. In addition, from time to time others and we expect suchmay seek to enforce infringement claims will continue or increase, particularly as we expand our business and the number of products we offer. Any such claim, regardless of its merit, could be expensive and time consuming to defend or prosecute.against us. Successful infringement claims against us could result in significant monetary liability or prevent us from selling or providing some of our products. In addition,The resolution of such claims may require us to pull product from the market, redesign our products, license rights belonging to third parties or cease using those rights altogether. Any of these events could harm our business and have a material adverse effect on our results of operations and financial condition.

Our failure to protect our intellectual property rights could diminish the value of our brand, weaken our competitive position and reduce our net revenues.
We currently rely on a combination of copyright, trademark and trade dress laws, patent laws, unfair competition laws, confidentiality procedures and licensing arrangements to establish and protect our intellectual property rights. The steps taken by us to protect our proprietary rights may not be adequate to prevent infringement of our trademarks and proprietary rights by others, including imitation of our products and misappropriation of our brand. In addition, intellectual property protection may be unavailable or limited in some foreign countries where laws or law enforcement practices may not protect our proprietary rights as fully as in the United States, and it may be more difficult for us to successfully challenge the use of our proprietary rights by other parties in these countries. If we fail to protect and maintain our intellectual property rights, the value of our brand could be diminished and our competitive position may suffer.
From time to time, we discover unauthorized products in the marketplace that are either counterfeit reproductions of our products or unauthorized irregulars that do not meet our quality control standards. If we are unsuccessful in challenging a third party’s products on the basis of trademark infringement, continued sales of their products could adversely impact our brand, result in the shift of consumer preferences away from our products and adversely affect our business.
We have licensed in the past, and expect to license in the future, certain of our proprietary rights, such as trademarks or copyrighted material, to third parties. These licensees may take actions that diminish the value of our proprietary rights or harm our reputation.

We are the subject of a number of ongoing legal proceedings that have resulted in significant expense, and adverse developments in our ongoing proceedings and/or future legal proceedings could have a material adverse effect on our business, reputation, financial condition, results of operations or stock price.

We are currentlyactively involved in a variety of litigation investigations and other legal matters and may be subject to additional litigations, investigations, arbitration proceedings, audits, regulatory inquiries and similar actions, including matters related to commercial disputes, intellectual property, employment, securities laws, disclosures, environmental, tax, accounting, insurance coverage, class action and product liability, as well as trade, regulatory and other claims related to our business and our industry, which we refer to collectively as legal proceedings. For example, we are subject to an ongoing securities class action proceeding regarding our prior disclosures (including regarding the use of "pull forward" sales) and derivative complaints regarding related matters, as well as past related party transactions, among other legal proceedings. Refer to Note 89 to our Consolidated Financial Statements included in Part II, Item 8 of this Annual Report on Form 10-K for additional information regarding these specific matters. In addition, as previously disclosed in November 2019, we have been responding to requests for documents and information from the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission and Department of Justice regarding certain of our accounting practices and related disclosures.
Legal proceedings in general, and securities and class action litigation and regulatory investigations in particular, can be expensive and disruptive. We cannot predict the outcome of any particular legal proceeding, or whether ongoing legal proceedings will be resolved favorably or ultimately result in charges or material damages, fines or other penalties. Our insurance may not cover all claims that may be asserted against us, and we are unable
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to predict how long the legal proceedings to which we are currently subject will continue. In addition, we cannot predict theAn unfavorable outcome of any particularlegal proceeding or whether ongoing investigations will be resolved favorably or ultimately result in enforcement actions, charges or material damages, fines or other penalties. An unfavorable outcome may have ana material adverse impact on our business, financial condition and results of operations or
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our stock price. Any legal proceeding could negatively impact our reputation among our customers or our shareholders. Furthermore, publicity surrounding ongoing legal proceedings, even if resolved favorably for us, could result in additional legal proceedings against us, as well as damage our brand image.

The trading prices for our Class A and Class C common stock may differ and fluctuate from time to time.
The trading prices of our Class A and Class C common stock may differ and fluctuate from time to time in response to various factors, some of which are beyond our control. These factors may include, among others, overall performance of the equity markets and the economy as a whole, variations in our quarterly results of operations or those of our competitors, our ability to meet our published guidance and securities analyst expectations, or recommendations by securities analysts. In addition, our non-voting Class C common stock has traded at a discountRisks Related to our Class A common stock, and there can be no assurance that this will not continue.

Common Stock
Kevin Plank, our Executive ChairmanChair and Brand Chief, controls the majority of the voting power of our common stock.
Our Class A common stock has one vote per share, our Class B common stock has 10 votes per share and our Class C common stock has no voting rights (except in limited circumstances). Our Executive ChairmanChair and Brand Chief, Kevin A. Plank, beneficially owns all outstanding shares of Class B common stock. As a result, Mr. Plank has the majority voting control and is able to direct the election of all of the members of our Board of Directors and other matters we submit to a vote of our stockholders. Under certain circumstances, the Class B common stock automatically converts to Class A common stock, which would also result in the conversion of our Class C common stock into Class A common stock. As specified in our charter, these circumstances include when Mr. Plank beneficially owns less than 15.0% of the total number of shares of Class A and Class B common stock outstanding, if Mr. Plank were to resign as an Approved Executive Officer of the Company (or was otherwise terminated for cause) or if Mr. Plank sells more than a specified number of any class of our common stock within a one-year period. This concentration of voting control may have various effects including, but not limited to, delaying or preventing a change of control or allowing us to take action that the majority of our shareholdersstockholders do not otherwise support. In addition, we utilize shares of our Class C common stock to fund employee equity incentive programs and may do so in connection with future stock-based acquisition transactions, which could prolong the duration of Mr. Plank’sPlank's voting control.

The trading prices for our Class A and Class C common stock may differ and fluctuate from time to time.
The trading prices of our Class A and Class C common stock may differ and fluctuate from time to time in response to various factors, some of which are beyond our control. These factors may include, among others, overall performance of the equity markets and the economy as a whole, variations in our quarterly results of operations or those of our competitors, our ability to meet our published guidance and securities analyst expectations, or recommendations by securities analysts. In addition, our non-voting Class C common stock has traded at a discount to our Class A common stock, and there can be no assurance that this will not continue.


ITEM 1B.
ITEM 1B. UNRESOLVED STAFF COMMENTS
Not applicable.

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ITEM 2.
PROPERTIES
The following includes a summary of the principal properties that we own or lease as of DecemberMarch 31, 2019.2023.
Our principal executive and administrative offices are located at an office complex in Baltimore, Maryland, the majority of which we own and a portion of which we lease. We also own office space and undeveloped acreage in the Baltimore Peninsula, an area of Baltimore, Maryland previously referred to as Port Covington, which we are in the process of renovating and further developing. We expect to move our principal executive and administrative offices to this location by late 2024. For each of our European,EMEA, Latin America and Asia PacificAsia-Pacific headquarters, we lease office space. Additionally, we lease space in Austin, Texas and San Francisco, California for our Connected Fitness business.
We lease our primary distribution facilities, which are located in Sparrows Point, Maryland, Mount Juliet, Tennessee and Rialto, California. Combined, these facilities represent approximately 3.5 million square feet of facility space. These leases expire at various dates, with the earliest lease termination date through May 2023.occurring in December 2027. We believe our distribution facilities and space available through our third-party logistics providers will be adequate to meet our short term needs.
In addition, as of DecemberMarch 31, 2019,2023, we leased 388 brand439 Brand and factory houseFactory House stores located primarily in the United States, China, Canada, Mexico, Korea, Chile, Australia, the United Kingdom, and CanadaMalaysia with lease end
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termination dates occurring in 20192023 through 2033.2035. We also lease additional office space for sales, quality assurance and sourcing, marketing and administrative functions. We anticipate that we will be able to extend these leases that expire in the near future on satisfactory terms or relocate to other locations.


ITEM 3.
LEGAL PROCEEDINGS
From time to time, we have been involved in litigation and other proceedings, including matters related to commercial disputes and intellectual property, as well as trade, regulatory and other claims related to our business. Refer toSee Note 89 to our Consolidated Financial Statements for information on certain legal proceedings, which is incorporated by reference herein.

Information About Our Executive Officers
Our executive officers are:
NameAgePosition
Kevin Plank47 Executive Chairman and Brand Chief
Patrik Frisk57 Chief Executive Officer and President
David Bergman47 Chief Financial Officer
Colin Browne56 Chief Operating Officer
Kevin Eskridge43 Chief Product Officer
Paul Fipps47 Chief Experience Officer
Alessandro de Pestel54 Chief Marketing Officer
Stephanie Pugliese49 President of North America
Tchernavia Rocker46 Chief People and Culture Officer
John Stanton59 General Counsel and Corporate Secretary

Kevin Plank has been Executive Chairman and Brand Chief since January 2020. Prior to that, he served as Chief Executive Officer and Chairman of the Board of Directors from 1996, when he founded our Company, to 2019, and President from 1996 to July 2008 and August 2010 to July 2017. Mr. Plank also serves on the Board of Directors of the National Football Foundation and College Hall of Fame, Inc., and is a member of the Board of Trustees of the University of Maryland College Park Foundation.

Patrik Frisk has been Chief Executive Officer and President and a member of our Board of Directors since January 2020. Prior to that, he served as President and Chief Operating Officer from July 2017 to December 2019. Prior to Under Armour, he was Chief Executive Officer of The ALDO Group, a global footwear and accessories company. Previous to that, he spent more than a decade with VF Corporation where he held numerous leadership positions including Coalition President of Outdoor Americas (The North Face® and Timberland®), President of the Timberland® brand, President of Outdoor & Action Sports (EMEA), and Vice President and General Manager of The
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North Face®. Before joining VF Corporation, Mr. Frisk ran his own retail business in Scandinavia and held senior positions with Peak Performance and W.L. Gore & Associates.

David Bergman has been Chief Financial Officer since November 2017. Mr. Bergman joined the Company in 2005 and has served in various Finance and Accounting leadership roles for the Company, including Corporate Controller from 2006 to October 2014, Vice President of Finance and Corporate Controller from November 2014 to January 2016, Senior Vice President, Corporate Finance from February 2016 to January 2017, and acting Chief Financial Officer from February 2017 to November 2017. Prior to joining the Company, Mr. Bergman worked as a C.P.A. within the audit and assurance practices at Ernst & Young LLP and Arthur Andersen LLP.

Colin Browne has been Chief Operating Officer since February 2020. Prior to that, he served as Chief Supply Chain Officer from July 2017 to January 2020 and President of Global Sourcing from September 2016 to June 2017. Prior to joining our Company, he served as Vice President and Managing Director for VF Corporation, leading its sourcing and product supply organization in Asia and Africa from November 2013 to August 2016 and as Vice President of Footwear Sourcing from November 2011 to October 2013. Prior thereto, Mr. Browne served as Executive Vice President of Footwear and Accessories for Li and Fung Group LTD from September 2010 to November 2011 and Chief Executive Officer, Asia for Pentland Brands PLC from April 2006 to January 2010. Mr. Browne has over 25 years of experience leading sourcing efforts for large brands.

Kevin Eskridge has been Chief Product Officer since May 2017, with oversight of the Company’s category management, product, merchandising and design functions. Mr. Eskridge joined our Company in 2009 and has served in various leadership roles including Senior Director, Outdoor from September 2009 to September 2012, Vice President, China from October 2012 to April 2015, Senior Vice President, Global Merchandising from May 2015 to June 2016 and President, Sports Performance from July 2016 to April 2017. Prior to joining our Company, he served as Vice President, Merchandising of Armani Exchange from 2006 to 2009.

Paul Fipps has been Chief Experience Officer since February 2020. Prior to that, he served as Chief Digital Officer from April 2018 to January 2020, Chief Technology Officer from July 2017 to March 2018, Chief Information Officer from March 2015 and Executive Vice President of Global Operations from September 2016 to June 2017 and as Senior Vice President of Global Operations from January 2014 to February 2015. Prior to joining our Company, he served as Chief Information Officer and Corporate Vice President of Business Services at Breakthru Beverage Group, formerly The Charmer Sunbelt Group ("CSG"), a leading distributor of fine wines, spirits, beer, bottled water and other beverages from May 2009 to December 2013, as Vice President of Business Services from January 2007 to April 2009 and in other leadership positions for CSG from 1998 to 2007.

Alessandro de Pestel has been Chief Marketing Officer since October 2018. Prior to joining our Company, he served as Executive Vice President of Global Marketing, Communications and Consumer Insights for Tommy Hilfiger Global from October 2014 to September 2018 and as Senior Vice President of Marketing and Communication from January 2007 to September 2014. Prior thereto, Mr. de Pestel served in various leadership roles in Marketing and Communications at brands such as Calvin Klein, Fila, Omega and Christian Dior from 1999 to 2006.

Stephanie Pugliese has been President of North America since September 2019. Prior to joining our Company, Ms. Pugliese served as Chief Executive Officer and President of Duluth Trading Company from February 2015 to August 2019, and as President from February 2012 to August 2019. Prior thereto, Ms. Pugliese served as President and Chief Operating Officer of Duluth Trading Company from February 2014 to February 2015, Senior Vice President and Chief Merchandising Officer from July 2010 to February 2012 and as Vice President of Product Development from November 2008 to July 2010. Ms. Pugliese also served in various leadership roles with Lands’ End, Inc. from 2005 to 2008 and at Ann Inc. from 2000 to 2003.

Tchernavia Rocker has been Chief People and Culture Officer since February 2019. Prior to joining our Company, she served more than 18 years in Human Resources leadership roles at Harley-Davidson, Inc., most recently as Vice President and Chief Human Resources Officer from June 2016 through January 2019, as General Manager, Human Resources from January 2012 through May 2016, and in various other Human Resources leadership positions since joining the company in 2000. Prior to that, she served in various HR and operations roles at Goodyear Dunlop North America Tire Inc.

John Stanton has been General Counsel since March 2013, and Corporate Secretary since February 2008. Prior thereto, he served as Vice President, Corporate Governance and Compliance from October 2007 to February 2013 and Deputy General Counsel from February 2006 to September 2007. Prior to joining our Company, he
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served in various legal roles at MBNA Corporation from 1993 to 2005, including as Senior Executive Vice President, Corporate Governance and Assistant Secretary. He began his legal career at the law firm Venable, LLP.

ITEM 4.
ITEM 4. MINE SAFETY DISCLOSURES
Not applicable.
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PART II

PART II.
ITEM 5.MARKET FOR REGISTRANT’S
ITEM 5. MARKET FOR REGISTRANT'S COMMON EQUITY, RELATED STOCKHOLDER MATTERS AND ISSUER PURCHASES OF EQUITY SECURITIES
Under Armour’sArmour's Class A Common Stock and Class C Common Stock are traded on the New York Stock Exchange (“NYSE”("NYSE") under the symbols “UAA”"UAA" and "UA", respectively. As of January 31, 2020,May 15, 2023, there were 1,6562,306 record holders of our Class A Common Stock, 65 record holders of Class B Convertible Common Stock which are beneficially owned by our Executive ChairmanChair and Brand Chief, Kevin A. Plank, and 1,1961,578 record holders of our Class C Common Stock.
Our Class A Common Stock was listed on the NYSE under the symbol “UA”"UA" until December 6, 2016 and under the symbol "UAA" since December 7, 2016. Prior to November 18, 2005, there was no public market for our Class A Common Stock. Our Class C Common Stock was listed on the NYSE under the symbol “UA.C”"UA.C" since its initial issuance on April 8, 2016 and until December 6, 2016 and under the symbol "UA" since December 7, 2016.
Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds
The following table sets forth the Company's repurchases of Class C Common Stock during the quarter ended March 31, 2023 under the two-year $500 million share repurchase program authorized by our Board of Directors in February 2022.
PeriodTotal Number of Shares PurchasedAverage Price Paid per ShareTotal Number of Shares Purchased as Part of a Publicly Announced ProgramApproximately Dollar Value of Shares that May Yet be Purchased Under the Program
(in millions)
01/01/2023 to 01/31/20231,049,821 $9.14 1,049,821 $75.0 
02/01/2023 to 02/28/2023— $— — $75.0 
03/01/2023 to 03/31/2023— $— — $75.0 
Dividends
No cash dividends were declared or paid during 2019Fiscal 2023, Fiscal 2021, Fiscal 2020 or 2018the Transition Period on any class of our common stock. We currently anticipate we will retain any future earnings for use in our business. As a result, we do not anticipate paying any cash dividends in the foreseeable future. In addition,However, if we were to consider declaring a cash dividend to our stockholders, we may be limited in our ability to pay dividends to our stockholdersdo so under our credit facility. Refer to “Financial"Financial Position, Capital Resources and Liquidity”Liquidity" within Management’sManagement's Discussion and Analysis and Note 78 to the Consolidated Financial Statements for a further discussion of our credit facility.
Stock Compensation Plans
The following table contains certainSee Item 12 "Security Ownership of Certain beneficial Owners and Management and Related Stockholder Matters" for information regarding our equity compensation plans.
Plan CategoryClass of Common Stock
Number of
securities to be
issued upon exercise of
outstanding options,
warrants and rights
(a)
Weighted-average
exercise price of
outstanding options,
warrants and rights
(b)
Number of securities
remaining
available for future
issuance under equity
compensation plans
(excluding securities
reflected in column (a))
(c)
Equity compensation plans approved by security holdersClass A1,647,644  $14.85  11,732,941  
Equity compensation plans approved by security holdersClass C10,450,611  $16.96  29,864,112  
Equity compensation plans not approved by security holdersClass A111,427  $—  —  
Equity compensation plans not approved by security holdersClass C112,215  $—  —  
The number of securities to be issued upon exercise of outstanding options, warrants and rights issued under equity compensation plans approved by security holders includes 1.2 million Class A and 9.8 million Class C restricted stock units and deferred stock units issued to employees, non-employees and directors of Under Armour; these restricted stock units and deferred stock units are not included in the weighted average exercise price calculation above. The number of securities remaining available for future issuance includes 9.0 million shares of our Class A Common Stock and 27.4 million shares of our Class C Common Stock under our Third Amended and Restated 2005 Omnibus Long-Term Incentive Plan (“2005 Stock Plan”) and 2.7 million of our Class A Common Stock and 2.5 million shares of our Class C Common Stock under our Employee Stock Purchase Plans. In addition to securities issued upon the exercise of stock options, warrants and rights, the 2005 Stock Plan authorizes the issuance of restricted and unrestricted shares of our Class A and C Common Stock and other equity awards. Refer to Note 13 to the Consolidated Financial Statements for information required by this Item regarding the material features of each plan.
The number of securities issued upon exercise of outstanding options, warrants and rights issued under equity compensation plans not approved by security holders includes 111.4 thousand shares of our Class A Common Stock and 112.2 thousand shares of our Class C Common Stock issued in connection with the delivery of shares pursuant to deferred stock units granted to certain of our marketing partners. These deferred stock units are not included in the weighted average exercise price calculation above. 
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The deferred stock units are issued to certain of our marketing partners in connection with their entering into endorsement and other marketing services agreements with us. The terms of each agreement set forth the number of deferred stock units to be granted and the delivery dates for the shares, which range over a multi-year period, depending on the contract. The deferred stock units are non-forfeitable.
Stock Performance Graph
The stock performance graph below compares cumulative total return on Under Armour, Inc. Class A Common Stock to the cumulative total return of the S&P 500 Index and S&P 500 Apparel, Accessories and Luxury Goods Index from December 31, 20142017 through DecemberMarch 31, 2019.2023. The graph assumes an initial investment of $100 in Under Armour and each index as of December 31, 20142017 and reinvestment of any dividends. The performance shown on the graph below is not intended to forecast or be indicative of possible future performance of our common stock.

Graph v2.jpg
ua-20191231_g2.jpg

12/31/201412/31/201512/31/201612/31/201712/31/201812/31/201912/31/201712/31/201812/31/201912/31/202012/31/20213/31/20223/31/2023
Under Armour, Inc.Under Armour, Inc.$100.00  $118.70  $82.81  $41.13  $50.37  $61.57  Under Armour, Inc.$100.00 $122.45 $149.69 $118.99 $146.85 $117.94 $65.76 
S&P 500S&P 500$100.00  $101.38  $113.51  $138.29  $132.23  $173.86  S&P 500$100.00 $95.62 $125.72 $148.85 $191.58 $182.77 $168.65 
S&P 500 Apparel, Accessories & Luxury GoodsS&P 500 Apparel, Accessories & Luxury Goods$100.00  $76.23  $67.62  $81.46  $68.62  $84.57  S&P 500 Apparel, Accessories & Luxury Goods$100.00 $84.24 $103.82 $93.06 $98.71 $81.67 $56.59 


ITEM 6. [RESERVED]
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ITEM 6.SELECTED FINANCIAL DATA
The following selected financial data is qualified by reference to, and should be read in conjunction with, the Consolidated Financial Statements, including the notes thereto, and “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations” of this Annual Report on Form 10-K.
 Year Ended December 31,
(In thousands, except per share amounts)20192018201720162015 (1)
Net revenues$5,267,132  $5,193,185  $4,989,244  $4,833,338  $3,963,313  
Cost of goods sold2,796,599  2,852,714  2,737,830  2,584,724  2,057,766  
Gross profit2,470,533  2,340,471  2,251,414  2,248,614  1,905,547  
Selling, general and administrative expenses2,233,763  2,182,339  2,099,522  1,831,143  1,497,000  
Restructuring and impairment charges—  183,149  124,049  —  —  
Income (loss) from operations236,770  (25,017) 27,843  417,471  408,547  
Interest expense, net(21,240) (33,568) (34,538) (26,434) (14,628) 
Other expense, net(5,688) (9,203) (3,614) (2,755) (7,234) 
Income (loss) before income taxes209,842  (67,788) (10,309) 388,282  386,685  
Income tax expense (benefit)70,024  (20,552) 37,951  131,303  154,112  
Income (loss) from equity method investment(47,679) 934  —  —  —  
Net income (loss)92,139  (46,302) (48,260) 256,979  232,573  
       Adjustment payment to Class C capital stockholders—  —  —  59,000  —  
Net income (loss) available to all stockholders$92,139  $(46,302) $(48,260) $197,979  $232,573  
Net income available per common share
Basic net income (loss) per share of Class A and B common stock$0.20  $(0.10) $(0.11) $0.45  $0.54  
Basic net income (loss) per share of Class C common stock$0.20  $(0.10) $(0.11) $0.72  $0.54  
Diluted net income (loss) per share of Class A and B common stock$0.20  $(0.10) $(0.11) $0.45  $0.53  
Diluted net income (loss) per share of Class C common stock$0.20  $(0.10) $(0.11) $0.71  $0.53  
Weighted average common shares outstanding Class A and B common stock
Basic222,532  221,001  219,254  217,707  215,498  
Diluted223,206  221,001  219,254  221,944  220,868  
Weighted average common shares outstanding Class C common stock
Basic228,431  224,814  221,475  218,623  215,498  
Diluted231,068  224,814  221,475  222,904  220,868  
Dividends declared$—  $—  $—  $59,000  $—  
Not applicable.

(1) Stockholders' equity and all references to share and per share amounts in the following table have been retroactively adjusted to reflect the one-for-one stock dividend, distributed in April 2016.
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 At December 31,
(In thousands)20192018201720162015
Cash and cash equivalents$788,072  $557,403  $312,483  $250,470  $129,852  
Working capital (1)1,280,200  1,277,651  1,277,304  1,279,337  1,019,953  
Inventories892,258  1,019,496  1,158,548  917,491  783,031  
Total assets (2)4,843,531  4,245,022  4,006,367  3,644,331  2,865,970  
Total debt, including current maturities592,687  728,834  917,046  817,388  666,070  
Total stockholders’ equity$2,150,087  $2,016,871  $2,018,642  $2,030,900  $1,668,222  
(1) Working capital is defined as current assets minus current liabilities.
(2) As a result of the adoption of ASU 2016-02, Leases (Topic 842), on January 1, 2019, the selected financial data for fiscal year 2019 reflects the recognition of lease assets and liabilities for operating leases with terms of more than twelve months. Prior period amounts were not adjusted and continue to be reported in accordance with our historic accounting policies.

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ITEM 7.MANAGEMENT’S
ITEM 7. MANAGEMENT'S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS
The information contained in this sectionfollowing Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations ("MD&A") is intended to help readers understand our results of operations and financial condition, and is provided as a supplement to, and should be read in conjunction with, our Consolidated Financial Statements and related notesthe accompanying Notes to our Consolidated Financial Statements under Part II, Item 8 and the information contained elsewhere in this Annual Report on Form 10-K under the captions “Risk Factors,” “Selected Financial Data,”"Business" and “Business.”"Risk Factors".
This section includes a discussionAnnual Report on Form 10-K, including this MD&A, contains forward-looking statements within the meaning of our financial conditionthe Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995, Section 21E of the U.S. Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the Exchange Act), and resultsSection 27A of operationsthe U.S. Securities Act of 1933, as ofamended ("the Securities Act"), and for the fiscal years ended December 31, 2019, 2018 and 2017. Certain prior year information discussed in this section has been recast to conformis subject to the 2019 presentation. However, certain informationsafe harbors created by those sections. All statements other than statements of historical facts are statements that was not recast regarding fiscal year 2017could be deemed forward-looking statements. See "Forward Looking Statements."
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All dollar and percentage comparisons made herein refer to Fiscal 2023 compared with the related comparisontwelve months ended March 31, 2022, unless otherwise noted. Please refer to fiscal year 2018 may be found under “Item 7. Management’s Discussion and AnalysisPart II, Item 7 of Financial Condition and Results of Operations” in our Annual Report on Form 10-K, filed with the Securities Exchange Commission ("SEC") on February 23, 2022, for a comparative discussion of our Fiscal 2021 financial results as compared to Fiscal 2020, which is incorporated by reference herein.
Fiscal Year End Change
As previously disclosed, we changed our fiscal year 2018,end from December 31 to March 31, effective for the fiscal year beginning April 1, 2022. Our current fiscal year began on April 1, 2022 and ended on March 31, 2023 ("Fiscal 2023"). We refer to the period beginning on January 1, 2022 and ending on March 31, 2022 as the "Transition Period". We filed a Transition Report on Form 10-QT that included financial information for the Transition Period with the SEC on May 9, 2022. Our 2021 fiscal year began on January 1, 2021 and ended on December 31, 2021 ("Fiscal 2021"). There was no Fiscal 2022.
We have presented the twelve months ended March 31, 2022 as a comparison to our results for Fiscal 2023 as we believe this comparison is more meaningful to a reader’s understanding of our Fiscal 2023 results of operations than a comparison to Fiscal 2021. A comparison of the three-months ended March 31, 2022 to the three-months ended March 31, 2021 may be found in Part I, Item 2, of our Transition Report on Form 10-QT for the three-months ended March 31, 2022 filed with the SEC on February 22, 2019.May 9, 2022.
OverviewThe following tables have been included to help readers better understand how the statement of operations and statement of cash flows for the twelve months ended March 31, 2022 were derived.
Deduct:Add:
(In thousands)Year ended
December 31, 2021
Three Months ended March 31, 2021Three Months Ended March 31, 2022Twelve months ended
March 31, 2022
Net revenues$5,683,466 $1,257,195 $1,300,945 $5,727,216 
Cost of goods sold2,821,967 628,554 695,781 2,889,194 
Gross profit2,861,499 628,641 605,164 2,838,022 
Selling, general and administrative expenses2,334,691 514,638 594,446 2,414,499 
Restructuring and impairment charges40,518 7,113 56,674 90,079 
Income (loss) from operations486,290 106,890 (45,956)333,444 
Interest income (expense), net(44,300)(14,137)(6,154)(36,317)
Other income (expense), net(51,113)(7,180)(51)(43,984)
Income (loss) before income taxes390,877 85,573 (52,161)253,143 
Income tax expense (benefit)32,072 9,881 8,181 30,372 
Income (loss) from equity method investments1,255 2,060 732 (73)
Net income (loss)$360,060 $77,752 $(59,610)$222,698 
Deduct:Add:
(In thousands)Year ended
December 31, 2021
Three Months ended March 31, 2021Three Months Ended March 31, 2022Twelve months ended
March 31, 2022
Net cash provided by (used in):
Operating activities$664,829 $(150,588)$(321,443)$493,974 
Investing activities(68,346)(7,904)(39,923)(100,365)
Financing activities(418,737)(3,443)(310,512)(725,806)
Effect of exchange rate changes on cash and cash equivalents(23,391)(6,900)11,134 (5,357)
Net increase (decrease) in cash and cash equivalents$154,355 $(168,835)$(660,744)$(337,554)

OVERVIEW
We are a leading developer, marketer, and distributor of branded performance apparel, footwear, and accessories. The brand’sOur brand's moisture-wicking fabrications are engineered in many differentvarious designs and styles for wear in nearly every climate to provide a performance alternative to traditional products. Our products are sold worldwide
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and worn by athletes at all levels, from youth to professional, on playing fields around the globe, as well asand by consumers with active lifestyles. The Under Armour Connected Fitness strategy is
Strategically and operationally, we remain focused on engaging with these consumersdriving premium brand-right growth and increasing awareness and sales of our products.
Our net revenues grew to $5,267.1 million in 2019 from $3,963.3 million in 2015. We believe that our growth in net revenues has been driven by a growing interest in performance products and the strength of the Under Armour brand in the marketplace. Our long-term growth strategy is focused on increased sales of our products through ongoing product innovation, investment in our distribution channels and international expansion. While we plan to continue to invest in growth, we also plan to improve efficiencies throughout our business as we seek to gain scale through our operations and return on our investments.
Financial highlights for full year 2019 as compared to the prior year period include:
Net revenues increased 1%.
Wholesale revenues increased 1% and direct to consumer revenues were flat.
Apparel revenue was flat. Footwear revenue increased 2% and accessories revenue decreased 1%.
Revenue in our North America segment declined 2%. Revenue in our Asia-Pacific, EMEA and Latin America segments grew 14%, 5% and 3%, respectively, with 13% growth in our Connected Fitness segment.
Gross margin increased 180 basis points.
Selling, general and administrative expense increased 2%.
A large majority of our products are sold in North America; however, we believe our products appeal to athletes and consumers with active lifestyles around the globe. Internationally, our net revenues are generated primarily from a mix of sales to retailers and distributors in our wholesale channel and sales through our direct to consumer channel in Europe, Latin America, and Asia-Pacific.
We believe there is an increasing recognition of the health benefits of an active lifestyle. We believe this trend provides us with an expanding consumer base for our products. We also believe there is a continuing shift in consumer demand from traditional non-performance products to performance products, which are intended to provide better performance by wicking perspiration away from the skin, helping to regulate body temperature and enhancing comfort.improved profitability. We plan to continue to grow our business over the long termlong-term through increased sales of our apparel, footwear and accessories,accessories; growth in our direct-to-consumer sales channel; and expansion of our wholesale distribution,distribution. We believe that achievement of our long-term growth objectives depends, in our direct to consumer sales channel and expansion in international markets.
Although we believe these trends will facilitate our growth, we also face potential challenges that could limitpart, on our ability to take advantageexecute strategic initiatives in key areas including our wholesale, footwear, women’s and direct-to-consumer businesses. Additionally, our digital strategy is focused on supporting these long-term objectives, emphasizing connection and engagement with our consumers through multiple digital touchpoints.
During Fiscal 2023, we faced a challenging retail environment that included higher promotions and discounting related to industry-wide elevated inventory balances, ongoing COVID-19 related impacts in China and further negative impacts from changes in foreign currency rates.
Fiscal 2023 Performance
Financial highlights for Fiscal 2023 as compared to the twelve months ended March 31, 2022 include:
Total net revenues increased 3.1%.
Within our channels, wholesale revenue increased 5.9% and direct-to-consumer revenue decreased 2.5%.
Within our product categories, apparel revenue decreased 0.9%, footwear revenue increased 16.3%, and accessories revenue decreased 7.4%.
Net revenue in Europe, the Middle East and Africa ("EMEA"), Latin America and Asia-Pacific increased 13.2%, 10.7% and 2.7%, respectively, while revenue decreased 0.6% in North America.
Gross margin decreased 470 basis points to 44.9%.
Selling, general and administrative expenses decreased 2.0%.
COVID-19 Update
The COVID-19 pandemic has caused, and may continue to cause, disruption and volatility in our business and in the businesses of these opportunities orour wholesale customers, licensing partners, suppliers, logistics providers and vendors.
During Fiscal 2023, we continued to experience COVID-19 related impacts, including global logistical challenges, such as increased freight costs and transportation delays, and labor disruptions in China, which caused temporary closures of our Brand and Factory House stores, distribution centers and corporate facilities in China and negatively impactimpacted consumer traffic and demand. As of March 31, 2023, we continue to see improvements across our supply chain, including progress towards a return to pre-pandemic production efficiency and improving freight costs, and all of our Brand and Factory House stores, distribution centers and corporate facilities in China were open. However, the ongoing impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic negatively impacted our financial results including, among others,for Fiscal 2023, and we cannot predict how the risk of general economic or market conditions that could affect consumer spending and the financial health of our retail customers. For example, recent and ongoing developments regarding the coronavirusCOVID-19 pandemic may negatively impact our business and results of operations. Additionally, we may not be able to successfully execute on our long-term strategies, or successfully manage the increasingly complex operations of our global business effectively. Although we have implemented restructuring plans in the past and may implement additional plans in the future, weFiscal 2024.
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may not fully realize the expected benefits of these plans or other operating or cost-saving initiatives. In addition, we may not consistently be able to anticipate consumer preferences and develop new and innovative products that meet changing preferences in a timely manner. Furthermore, our industry is very competitive, and competition pressures could cause us to reduce the prices of our products or otherwise affect our profitability. We also rely on third-party suppliers and manufacturers outside the U.S. to provide fabrics and to produce our products, and disruptions to our supply chain could harm our business. Our results may also be negatively impacted by the performance of our Japanese licensee. For a more complete discussion of the COVID-19 related risks facing our business, refer to the “Risk Factors”our "Risk Factors" section included in Item 1A. 1A of this Annual Report on Form 10-K.
Segment PresentationEffects of Inflation and MarketingOther Global Events
Effective January 1, 2019, we changedMacroeconomic factors, such as inflationary pressures and fluctuations in foreign currency exchange rates have and may continue to impact our business. We continue to monitor these factors and the way we internally analyzepotential impacts they may have on our financial results, including product input costs, freight costs and consumer discretionary spending and therefore consumer demand for our products. We also continue to monitor the business and now exclude certain corporate costs from our segment profitability measures. We now report these costs within Corporate Other, which is designed to provide increased transparency and comparabilitybroader impacts of the performanceRussia Ukraine conflict on the global economy, including its effect on inflationary pressures and the price of oil globally.
See "Risk Factors—Economic and Industry Risks—Our business depends on consumer purchases of discretionary items, which can be negatively impacted during an economic downturn or periods of inflation. This could materially impact our operating segments. Prior year amounts have been recast to conform tosales, profitability and financial condition"; "—Fluctuations in the 2019 presentation. These changes had no impact on previously reported consolidated balance sheets, statementscost of operations, comprehensive income (loss), stockholders' equity, or cash flows.
Corporate Other consists largely of generalraw materials and administrative expenses not allocated to an operating segment, including expenses associated with centrally managed departments such as global marketing, global IT, global supply chain, innovationcommodities we use in our products and other corporate support functions; costs related to our supply chain could negatively affect our operating results"; "—Our financial results and ability to grow our business may be negatively impacted by global assetsevents beyond our control"; and global marketing, costs related to our headquarters; restructuring and restructuring related charges; and certain foreign"—Financial Risks—Our financial results could be adversely impacted by currency hedge gains and losses.
In connection with the Corporate Other presentation discussed above, effective January 1, 2019, we changed the way we internally analyze marketing. Personnel costs previously exchange rate fluctuations" included in marketing expense are now included in other expense and digital advertising and placement services previously included in other expense are now included in marketing expense. We believe these changes provide management with increased transparencyItem 1A of our demand creation investments. Certain prior year amounts have been recast to conform to the 2019 presentation. These changes did not have a material impactthis Annual Report on marketing amounts.
2020 Restructuring Initiative
In February 2020, we announced that we are currently assessing a potential 2020 restructuring initiative to rebalance our cost base to further improve profitability and cash flow generation. In connection with this initiative, we are considering $325 million to $425 million in estimated pre-tax charges for 2020, including approximately $225 million to $250 million related to the possibility of foregoing opening a flagship store in New York City while pursuing sublet options for the long-term lease. We expect to complete our assessment during the first quarter of 2020, and subject to review and approval by our Board of Directors, would announce any potential restructuring charges upon adoption of a restructuring plan.
2017 and 2018 Restructuring Plans
In both 2017 and 2018, our Board of Directors approved restructuring plans (the "2017 restructuring plan" and "2018 restructuring plan") designed to more closely align our financial resources with the critical priorities of our business and optimize operations. We recognized approximately $203.9 million of pre-tax charges in connection with our 2018 restructuring plan and approximately $129.1 million of pre-tax charges in connection with our 2017 restructuring plan, inclusive of $28.6 million of restructuring related goodwill impairment charges for our Connected Fitness business.
The summary of the costs incurred during the years ended December 31, 2018 and 2017, in connection with the 2018 and 2017 restructuring plans, respectively, are as follows:
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Year Ended December 31,
(In thousands)20182017
Costs recorded in cost of goods sold:
Inventory write-offs$20,800  $5,077  
Total cost recorded in cost of goods sold20,800  5,077  
Costs recorded in restructuring and impairment charges:
Impairment12,146  71,378  
Employee related costs9,949  14,572  
Contract exit costs114,126  12,029  
Other restructuring costs46,928  26,070  
Total costs recorded in restructuring and impairment charges183,149  124,049  
Total restructuring, impairment and restructuring related costs$203,949  $129,126  

There were no restructuring charges incurred during
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RESULTS OF OPERATIONS
The following tables set forth key components of our results of operations for the year ended December 31, 2019.periods indicated, both in dollars and as a percentage of net revenues:

General
(In thousands)Year ended
March 31, 2023
Twelve months ended
March 31, 2022
Net revenues$5,903,636 $5,727,216 
Cost of goods sold3,254,296 2,889,194 
Gross profit2,649,340 2,838,022 
Selling, general and administrative expenses2,365,529 2,414,499 
Restructuring and impairment charges— 90,079 
Income (loss) from operations283,811 333,444 
Interest income (expense), net(12,826)(36,317)
Other income (expense), net16,780 (43,984)
Income (loss) before income taxes287,765 253,143 
Income tax expense (benefit)(101,046)30,372 
Income (loss) from equity method investments(2,042)(73)
Net income (loss)$386,769 $222,698 

(As a percentage of net revenues)Year ended
March 31, 2023
Twelve months ended
March 31, 2022
Net revenues100.0 %100.0 %
Cost of goods sold55.1 %50.4 %
Gross profit44.9 %49.6 %
Selling, general and administrative expenses40.1 %42.2 %
Restructuring and impairment charges— %1.6 %
Income (loss) from operations4.8 %5.8 %
Interest income (expense), net(0.2)%(0.6)%
Other income (expense), net0.3 %(0.8)%
Income (loss) before income taxes4.9 %4.4 %
Income tax expense (benefit)(1.7)%0.5 %
Loss from equity method investment— %— %
Net income (loss)6.6 %3.9 %
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Revenues
Net revenues compriseconsist of net sales, license revenues, and Connected Fitness revenues.revenues from digital subscriptions, other digital business opportunities and advertising. Net sales compriseconsist of sales from our primary product categories, which are apparel, footwear and accessories.accessories products. Our license revenues primarily consist of fees paid to us fromby licensees in exchange for the use of our trademarks on their products. Our Connected FitnessThe following tables summarize net revenues consistby product category and distribution channel for the periods indicated:
(In thousands)Year ended
March 31, 2023
Twelve months ended
March 31, 2022
Change
$
Change
%(1)
Net Revenues by Product Category
Apparel(2)
$3,871,638 $3,907,812 $(36,174)(0.9)%
Footwear1,455,265 1,251,776 203,489 16.3 %
Accessories408,521 441,301 (32,780)(7.4)%
Net Sales5,735,424 5,600,889 134,535 2.4 %
License revenues116,746 117,568 (822)(0.7)%
Corporate Other (3)
51,466 8,759 42,707 N/M
    Total net revenues$5,903,636 $5,727,216 $176,420 3.1 %
Net Revenues by Distribution Channel
Wholesale$3,468,126 $3,275,341 $192,785 5.9 %
Direct-to-consumer(2)
2,267,298 2,325,548 (58,250)(2.5)%
Net Sales5,735,424 5,600,889 134,535 2.4 %
License revenues116,746 117,568 (822)(0.7)%
Corporate Other (3)
51,466 8,759 42,707 N/M
    Total net revenues$5,903,636 $5,727,216 $176,420 3.1 %
(1) "N/M" = not meaningful
(2) During the Fiscal 2023, we recognized approximately $10.1 million of revenue relating to gift cards not expected to be redeemed ("breakage"), which was previously included in contract liabilities. Refer to Note 11 of the Consolidated Financial Statements for additional details.
(3) Corporate Other primarily includes foreign currency hedge gains and losses related to revenues generated by entities within our operating segments but managed through our central foreign exchange risk management program, as well as subscription revenues from MMR and revenue from other digital advertisingbusiness opportunities.
Net sales
Net sales increased by $134.5 million, or 2.4%, to $5,735.4 million during Fiscal 2023, from $5,600.9 million during the twelve months ended March 31, 2022. Apparel decreased primarily due to lower average selling prices, resulting from higher discounts and subscriptionspromotions and the impact of foreign exchange rates, partially offset by higher unit sales and favorable channel mix. Additionally, apparel was positively impacted by the recognition of breakage relating to gift cards, as described in the table above. Footwear increased primarily due to higher unit sales which benefited from better product availability, partially offset by the impact of foreign exchange rates and unfavorable channel mix. Accessories decreased primarily due to lower average selling prices, the impact of foreign exchange rates and unfavorable channel mix. From a channel perspective, the increase in net sales was due to an increase in wholesale, partially offset by a decrease in direct-to-consumer.
License revenues
License revenues decreased by $0.8 million or 0.7%, to $116.7 million during Fiscal 2023, from $117.6 million during the twelve months ended March 31, 2022. This was primarily due to lower revenues from our Connected Fitness business.Japanese licensee, partially offset by higher revenues from our licensing partners in the North America region.
Gross Profit
Cost of goods sold consists primarily of product costs, inbound freight and duty costs, outbound freight costs, handling costs to make products floor-ready to customer specifications, royalty payments to endorsers based on a predetermined percentage of sales of selected products, and write downs for inventory obsolescence. The fabrics in many of our products are made primarily of petroleum-based synthetic materials. Therefore our product costs, as well as our inbound and outbound freight costs, could be affected by long term pricing trends of oil. In general, as a percentage of net revenues, we expect cost of goods sold associated with our apparel and accessories to be lower than that of our footwear. A limited portion of cost of goods sold is associated with licensedigital
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subscription and Connected Fitnessadvertising revenues, primarily website hosting costs, and no cost of goods sold is associated with our license revenues.
We include outbound freight costs associated with shipping goods to customers as cost of goods sold; however, we include the majority of outbound handling costs as a component of selling, general and administrative expenses. As a result, our gross profit may not be comparable to that of other companies that include outbound handling costs in their cost of goods sold. Outbound handling costs include costs associated with preparing goods to ship to customers and certain costs to operate our distribution facilities. These costs were $81.0$79.5 million $91.8in Fiscal 2023 (twelve months ended March 31, 2022: $76.9 million).
Gross profit decreased by $188.7 million to $2,649.3 million during Fiscal 2023, from $2,838.0 million during the twelve months ended March 31, 2022. Gross profit as a percentage of net revenues, or gross margin, decreased to 44.9% from 49.6%. This decrease in gross margin of 470 basis points was primarily driven by negative impacts of approximately:
170 basis points from higher promotions and $101.5 million fordiscounting within our direct-to-consumer channel and unfavorable pricing of sales to the years ended December 31, 2019, 2018off-price channel;
130 basis points of supply chain impact mainly due to higher product input costs and 2017, respectively.freight costs;
70 basis points from unfavorable channel impacts;
50 basis points from changes in foreign currency;
30 basis points from unfavorable product mix due to the strength of footwear sales; and
20 basis points from unfavorable regional mix.
We expect higher discounting and promotional activities and elevated product input costs to continue to negatively impact our gross margin in the near term.
Selling, General and Administrative Expenses
Our selling, general and administrative expenses consist of costs related to marketing, selling, product innovation and supply chain, and corporate services. We consolidate our selling, general and administrative expenses into two primary categories: marketing and other. The other category is the sum of our selling, product innovation and supply chain, and corporate services categories. The marketing category consists primarily of sports and brand marketing, media, and retail presentation. Sports and brand marketing includes professional, club and collegiate sponsorship agreements, individual athlete and influencer agreements, and providing and selling products provided directly to team equipment managersteams and to individual athletes. Media includes digital, broadcast, and print media outlets, including social and mobile media. Retail presentation includes sales displays and concept shops and depreciation expense specific to our in-store fixture programs. Our marketing costs are an important driver of our growth.
(In thousands)Year ended
March 31, 2023
Twelve months ended
March 31, 2022
Change
$
Change
%
Selling, General and Administrative Expenses$2,365,529 $2,414,499 $(48,970)(2.0)%
Selling, general and administrative expenses decreased by$49.0 million, or 2.0%, during Fiscal 2023 as compared to the twelve months ended March 31, 2022. Within selling, general and administrative expense:
Marketing costs decreased $65.3 million or 9.6%, due to lower marketing activity during the period. As a percentage of net revenues, marketing costs decreased to 10.5% from 11.9%.
Other costs increased $16.4 million or 0.9%, primarily driven by higher salaries, other selling expenses, litigation accrual, travel expenses and facility-related expenses, partially offset by lower incentive compensation expenses and lower consulting expenses. As a percentage of net revenues, other costs decreased to 29.6% from 30.2%.

As a percentage of net revenues, selling, general and administrative expenses decreased to 40.1% during Fiscal 2023 as compared to 42.2% during the twelve months ended March 31, 2022.
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Restructuring and Impairment Charges
(In thousands)Year ended
March 31, 2023
Twelve months ended
March 31, 2022
Change
$
Change
%
Restructuring and Impairment Charges$— $90,079 $(90,079)(100.0)%
Restructuring and impairment charges within our operating expenses were $90.1 million during the twelve months ended March 31, 2022. No charges were recorded during Fiscal 2023. See Note 12 to our Consolidated Financial Statements.
Interest Expense, net
Interest expense, net is primarily comprised of interest incurred on our debt facilities, offset by interest income earned on our cash and cash equivalents.
(In thousands)Year ended
March 31, 2023
Twelve months ended
March 31, 2022
Change
$
Change
%
Interest expense, net$12,826 $36,317 $(23,491)(64.7)%
Interest expense, net decreased by $23.5 million to $12.8 million during Fiscal 2023. This was primarily due to an increase in interest income as a result of higher interest rates and a reduction in interest expense on our Convertible Senior Notes as a result of repurchasing approximately $419.1 million in aggregate principal amount during the twelve months ended March 31, 2022. See Note 8 to our Consolidated Financial Statements.
Other Income (Expense), net
Other income (expense), net primarily consists of unrealized and realized gains and losses on our foreign currency derivative financial instruments, and unrealized and realized gains and losses on adjustments that arise from fluctuations in foreign currency exchange rates relating to transactions generated by our international subsidiaries.

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Results of Operations
The following table sets forth key components of our results of operations Other income (expense), net also includes rent expense relating to lease assets held solely for sublet purposes, primarily the periods indicated, both in dollars and as a percentage of net revenues:
 Year Ended December 31,
(In thousands)201920182017
Net revenues$5,267,132  $5,193,185  $4,989,244  
Cost of goods sold2,796,599  2,852,714  2,737,830  
Gross profit2,470,533  2,340,471  2,251,414  
Selling, general and administrative expenses2,233,763  2,182,339  2,099,522  
Restructuring and impairment charges—  183,149  124,049  
Income (loss) from operations236,770  (25,017) 27,843  
Interest expense, net(21,240) (33,568) (34,538) 
Other expense, net(5,688) (9,203) (3,614) 
Income (loss) before income taxes209,842  (67,788) (10,309) 
Income tax expense (benefit)70,024  (20,552) 37,951  
Income (loss) from equity method investment(47,679) 934  —  
Net income (loss)$92,139  $(46,302) $(48,260) 

 Year Ended December 31,
(As a percentage of net revenues)201920182017
Net revenues100.0 %100.0 %100.0 %
Cost of goods sold53.1  54.9  54.9  
Gross profit46.9  45.1  45.1  
Selling, general and administrative expenses42.4  42.0  42.1  
Restructuring and impairment charges—  3.5  2.5  
Income (loss) from operations4.5  (0.4) 0.5  
Interest expense, net(0.4) (0.7) (0.7) 
Other expense, net(0.1) (0.2) (0.1) 
Income (loss) before income taxes4.0  (1.3) (0.2) 
Income tax expense (benefit)1.3  (0.4) 0.8  
Income (loss) from equity method investment(0.9) —  —  
Net income (loss)1.7 %(0.9)%(1.0)%


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Consolidated Results of Operations
Year Ended December 31, 2019 Compared to Year Ended December 31, 2018
Net revenues increased $73.9 million, or 1.4%, to $5,267.1 million in 2019 from $5,193.2 million in 2018. Net revenues by product category are summarized below:
 Year Ended December 31,
(In thousands)20192018$ Change% Change
Apparel$3,470,285  $3,464,120  $6,165  0.2 %
Footwear1,086,551  1,063,175  23,376  2.2  
Accessories416,354  422,496  (6,142) (1.5) 
Net Sales4,973,190  4,949,791  23,399  0.5  
License revenues138,775  124,785  13,990  11.2  
Connected Fitness136,378  120,357  16,021  13.3  
Corporate Other (1)18,789  (1,748) 20,537  1,174.9  
    Total net revenues$5,267,132  $5,193,185  $73,947  1.4 %
(1) Corporate Other revenues consist of foreign currency hedge gains and losseslease related to revenues generatedour New York City, 5th Avenue location.
(In thousands)Year ended
March 31, 2023
Twelve months ended
March 31, 2022
Change
$
Change
%
Other income (expense), net$16,780 $(43,984)$60,764 138.2 %
Other income (expense), net increased by entities within our geographic operating segments, but managed through our central foreign exchange risk management program.

The increase in net sales was driven primarily by unit sales growth in footwear, resulting from strength in our run category. The increase was partially offset by unit sales decline in accessories driven by softer demand.
Licenserevenues increased $14.0 million, or 11.2%, to $138.8 million in 2019 from $124.8 million in 2018, primarily driven by minimum guaranteed royalties and settlements with two of our North America licensing partners.
Connected Fitnessrevenue increased $16.0 million, or 13.3%, to $136.4 million in 2019 from $120.4 million in 2018 primarily driven by an increase in new subscription revenue and a one-time development fee from a partner. This was partially offset by a decrease in media revenue.
Gross profit increased $130.0$60.8 million to $2,470.5income of $16.8 million in 2019 from $2,340.5 million in 2018. Gross profit as a percentage of net revenues, or gross margin, increased to 46.9% in 2019 compared to 45.1% in 2018.during Fiscal 2023. This increase in gross margin percentage was primarily driven by the following:
approximate 90 basis point increase driven by supply chain initiatives related to favorable product costs and lower air freight;
approximate 50 basis point increase driven by channel mix, primarily due to a lower percentageloss of off-price sales within$58.5 million that was recognized during the twelve months ended March 31, 2022 upon the extinguishment of $419.1 million in principal amount of our wholesale channel;Convertible Senior Notes. Additionally, other income increased during Fiscal 2023, due to a $10 million higher earnout recorded in connection with the sale of the MyFitnessPal platform. These increases were offset by losses on foreign currency hedges of $5.9 million and losses from changes in foreign currency exchange rates of $2.4 million.
approximate 40 basis point increase driven by restructuring related chargesIncome Tax Expense (Benefit)
(In thousands)Year ended
March 31, 2023
Twelve months ended
March 31, 2022
Change
$
Change
%
Income tax expense (benefit)$(101,046)$30,372 $(131,418)(432.7)%
During Fiscal 2023, income tax expense decreased $131.4 million resulting in an income tax benefit of $101.0 million from an income tax expense of $30.4 million during the twelve months ended March 31, 2022. The change was primarily due to the recognition of an income tax benefit from the release of the U.S. federal valuation allowance on beginning of year deferred tax assets.
On August 16, 2022, the Inflation Reduction Act (the "Act") was enacted and signed into law in the prior year period.
WithUnited States. The Act contains a number of revisions to the exception of improvementsInternal Revenue Code, including a 15% corporate minimum tax and a 1% excise tax on corporate stock repurchases in supply chain initiatives related to product cost improvements, wetax years beginning after December 31, 2022. We do not expect these trendstax provisions to have a material impact on the full year 2020.
Selling, general and administrative expenses increased $51.5 million to $2,233.8 million in 2019 from $2,182.3 million in 2018. As a percentage of net revenues, selling, general and administrative expenses increased to 42.4% in 2019 from 42.0% in 2018. Selling, general and administrative expense was impacted by the following:
Marketing costs increased $19.3 million to $579.0 million in 2019 from $559.7 million in 2018. This increase was primarily due to increased marketing investments with the growth of our international business and additional investments in brand marketing campaigns. This was partially offset by lower sports marketing sponsorship expense. As a percentage of net revenues, marketing costs increased to 11.0% in 2019 from 10.8% in 2018.
Other costs increased $32.2 million to $1,654.8 million in 2019 from $1,622.6 million in 2018. This increase was primarily due to higher compensation expense, increased process design efficiency consulting expense and increased spend in digital consulting and managed services. As a percentage of net revenues, other costs increased to 31.4% in 2019 from 31.2% in 2018.
Restructuring and impairment charges related to the 2018 restructuring plan were $183.1 million for the year ended December 31, 2018. There was no restructuring plan or charges in the year ended December 31, 2019.
Income (loss) from operations increased $261.8 million, or 1046.4%, to income of $236.8 million in 2019 from a loss of $25.0 million in 2018. As a percentage of net revenues, Income from operations increased to income
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of 4.5% in 2019 from a loss of 0.4% in 2018. Income from operations for the year ended December 31, 2018 was negatively impacted by $203.9 million of restructuring, impairment and related charges in connection with the 2018 restructuring plan.
Interest expense, net decreased $12.4 million to $21.2 million in 2019 from $33.6 million in 2018. This decrease was due to lower interest expense as a result of the prepayment of the outstanding balance of $136.3 million on our term loan and lower borrowings on our revolving credit facility.
Other expense, net decreased $3.5 million to $5.7 million in 2019 from $9.2 million in 2018. This decrease was due to lower net loss on the combined foreign currency exchange rate changes on transactions denominated in foreign currencies as compared to the prior period, primarily due to increased number of currencies included in our foreign exchange hedging program.
Income tax expense (benefit) increased $90.6 million to an expense of $70.0 million in 2019 from a benefit of $20.6 million in 2018. Our income tax expense (benefit) for 2019, as compared to 2018, was higher primarily due to pre-tax income in 2019 compared to pre-tax losses in 2018, increases in valuation allowances recorded for certain U.S. state jurisdictions, and the one-time benefit in 2018 for an intercompany intangible asset sale. These increases were partially offset by a decrease in valuation allowances recorded for certain foreign jurisdictions in 2019 compared to 2018.
Income (loss) from equity method investment decreased $48.6 million to a loss of $47.7 million in 2019 from income of $0.9 million in 2018. This decrease was primarily due to a $39.0 million impairment of our equity method investment in our Japanese licensee for the year ended December 31, 2019.
Year Ended December 31, 2018 Compared to Year Ended December 31, 2017
Net revenues increased $203.9 million, or 4.1%, to $5,193.2 million in 2018 from $4,989.2 million in 2017. Net revenues by product category are summarized below:
 Year Ended December 31,
(In thousands)20182017$ Change% Change
Apparel$3,464,120  $3,284,652  $179,468  5.5 %
Footwear1,063,175  1,037,840  25,335  2.4  
Accessories422,496  445,838  (23,342) (5.2) 
Net Sales4,949,791  4,768,330  181,461  3.8  
License revenues124,785  116,575  8,210  7.0  
Connected Fitness120,357  101,870  18,487  18.1  
Corporate Other (1)(1,748) 2,469  (4,217) (170.8) 
    Total net revenues$5,193,185  $4,989,244  $203,941  4.1 %
(1) Corporate Other revenues consist of foreign currency hedge gains and losses related to revenues generated by entities within our geographic operating segments, but managed through our central foreign exchange risk management program.
The increase in net sales was driven primarily by:
Apparel unit sales growth driven by the train category; and
Footwear unit sales growth, led by the run category.
The increase was partially offset by unit sales decline in accessories.
License revenues increased $8.2 million, or 7.0%, to $124.8 million in 2018 from $116.6 million in 2017.
Connected Fitness revenue increased $18.5 million, or 18.1%, to $120.4 million in 2018 from $101.9 million in 2017 primarily driven by increased subscribers on our fitness applications.
Gross profit increased $89.1 million to $2,340.5 million in 2018 from $2,251.4 million in 2017. Gross profit as a percentage of net revenues, or gross margin, was unchanged at 45.1% in 2018 compared to 2017. Gross profit percentage was favorably impacted by lower promotional activity, improvements in product cost, lower air freight, higher proportion of international and Connected Fitness revenue and changes in foreign currency; these favorable impacts were offset by channel mix including higher sales to our off-price channel and restructuring related charges.
Selling, general and administrative expenses increased $82.8 million to $2,182.3 million in 2018 from $2,099.5 million in 2017. As a percentage of net revenues, selling, general and administrative expenses decreased slightly to 42.0% in 2018 from 42.1% in 2017. Selling, general and administrative expense was impacted by the following:
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Marketing costs decreased $5.5 million to $559.7 million in 2018 from $565.2 million in 2017. This decrease was primarily due to restructuring efforts, resulting in lower sports marketing sponsorship expense. This decrease was partially offset by higher costs in connection with brand marketing campaigns and increased marketing investments with the growth of our international business. As a percentage of net revenues, marketing costs decreased to 10.8% in 2018 from 11.3% in 2017.
Other costs increased $88.3 million to $1,622.6 million in 2018 from $1,534.3 million in 2017. This increase was primarily due to higher incentive compensation expense and higher costs incurred for the continued expansion of our direct to consumer distribution channel and international business. As a percentage of net revenues, other costs increased to 31.2% in 2018 from 30.8% in 2017.
Restructuring and impairment charges increased $59.1 million to $183.1 million from $124.0 million in 2017. Refer to the 2017 and 2018 Restructuring Plans section above for a summary of charges.
Income (loss) from operations decreased $52.8 million, or 189.9%, to a loss of $25.0 million in 2018 from income of $27.8 million in 2017. As a percentage of net revenues, Income from operations decreased to a loss of 0.4% in 2018 from income of 0.5% in 2017. Income from operations for the year ended December 31, 2018 was negatively impacted by $203.9 million of restructuring, impairment and related charges in connection with the 2018 restructuring plan. Income from operations for the year ended December 31, 2017 was negatively impacted by $129.1 million of restructuring, impairment and related charges in connection with the 2017 restructuring plan.
Interest expense, net decreased $0.9 million to $33.6 million in 2018 from $34.5 million in 2017.
Other expense, net increased $5.6 million to $9.2 million in 2018 from $3.6 million in 2017. This increase was due to higher net loss on the combined foreign currency exchange rate changes on transactions denominated in foreign currencies as compared to the prior period.
Income tax expense (benefit) decreased $58.6 million to a benefit of $20.6 million in 2018 from an expense of $38.0 million in 2017. Our effective tax rate was 30.3% in 2018 compared to (368.2)% in 2017. Our effective tax rate for 2018, as compared to 2017, was positively impacted by a one-time tax benefit recorded in 2018 for an intercompany intangible asset sale and the decrease in one-time tax charges due to the Tax Act. These positive impacts were partially offset by the impact of the decrease in the U.S. federal rate applied to U.S. pre-tax losses in 2018.
As of December 31, 2018, we had completed our accounting for the one-time tax effects of the enactment of the Tax Act. Our 2018 provision for income taxes included a $1.5 million charge to income tax expense as a result of completing this accounting. This was comprised of $12.0 million of income tax expense related to the transition tax and $(10.5) million of income tax benefit for the re-measurement of deferred tax assets for the reduction in the U.S. corporate income tax rate from 35% to 21%.consolidated financial statements.


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Segment Results of OperationsSEGMENT RESULTS OF OPERATIONS
Our operating segments are based on how theour Chief Operating Decision Maker (“CODM”("CODM") makes decisions about allocating resources and assessing performance. Our segments are defined by geographic regions, including North America, EMEA, Asia-Pacific, and Latin America. Connected Fitness is also an operating segment.
We exclude certain corporate costsitems from our segment profitability measures. We reportsreport these costsitems within Corporate Other, which is designed to provide increased transparency and comparability of our operating segmentssegments' performance. Corporate Other consists largelyprimarily of (i) operating results related to our MMR platforms and other digital business opportunities; (ii) general and administrative expenses not allocated to an operating segment, including expenses associated with centrally managed departments such aswhich include global marketing, global IT, global supply chain and innovation, and other corporate support functions; costs related to our global assets and global marketing, costs related to our headquarters;(iii) restructuring and restructuring related charges; and (iv) certain foreign currency hedge gains and losses.
The net revenues and operating income (loss) associated with our segments are summarized in the following tables.
Year Ended December 31, 2019 ComparedNet Revenues
(In thousands)Year ended
March 31, 2023
Twelve months ended
March 31, 2022
Change
$
Change
%(1)
North America (2)
$3,820,993 $3,845,746 $(24,753)(0.6)%
EMEA992,624 876,684 115,940 13.2 %
Asia-Pacific825,338 803,450 21,888 2.7 %
Latin America213,215 192,577 20,638 10.7 %
Corporate Other (3)
51,466 8,759 42,707 N/M
Total net revenues$5,903,636 $5,727,216 $176,420 3.1 %
(1) "N/M" = not meaningful
(2) During Fiscal 2023, we recognized approximately $10.1 million of revenue relating to Year Ended December 31, 2018gift cards not expected to be redeemed ("breakage"), which was previously included in contract liabilities. Refer to Note 11 of the Consolidated Financial Statements for additional details.
Net revenues(3) by segment are summarized below:
Year Ended December 31,
(In thousands)20192018$ Change% Change
North America$3,658,353  $3,735,293  $(76,940) (2.1)%
EMEA621,137  591,057  30,080  5.1  
Asia-Pacific636,343  557,431  78,912  14.2  
Latin America196,132  190,795  5,337  2.8  
Connected Fitness136,378  120,357  16,021  13.3  
Corporate Other (1)18,789  (1,748) 20,537  1,174.9  
Total net revenues$5,267,132  $5,193,185  $73,947  1.4 %
(1) Corporate Other revenues consist ofprimarily includes foreign currency hedge gains and losses related to revenues generated by entities within our geographic operating segments but managed through our central foreign exchange risk management program.program, as well as subscription revenues from MMR and revenue from other digital business opportunities.

The increase in total net revenues for Fiscal 2023, compared to the twelve months ended March 31, 2022, was driven by the following:
Net revenues in our North America operating segmentregion decreased $76.9by $24.8 million, or 0.6%, to $3,658.4$3,821.0 million from $3,845.7 million. This was driven by a decrease in 2019 from $3,735.3 millionboth our direct-to-consumer channel, which includes the recognition of breakage relating to gift cards as described in 2018 primarilythe table above, and our wholesale channel, partially offset by an increase in license revenues. Within our direct-to-consumer channel, net revenues were lower due to a unit sales decrease of off-price sales within our wholesale channel and a unit sales decrease in our direct to consumer channel. This wasowned and operated retail store sales, partially offset by favorable impacts of returns activity within our wholesale channel, driven by approximately $33.1 million of specific customer returns that were lower than the reserves previously established.an increase in e-commerce sales.
Net revenues in our EMEA operating segmentregion increased $30.1by $115.9 million, or 13.2%, to $621.1$992.6 million from $876.7 million. This was primarily driven by an increase in 2019 from $591.1 millionboth our wholesale channel and direct-to-consumer channel. Within our direct-to-consumer channel, net revenues increased in 2018 primarily due to unitboth owned and operated retail store sales growthand e-commerce sales. Net revenues in our wholesale and direct to consumer channels.EMEA region were also negatively impacted by changes in foreign exchange rates.
Net revenues in our Asia-Pacific operating segmentregion increased $78.9by $21.9 million, or 2.7%, to $636.3$825.3 million in 2019 from $557.4 million in 2018 primarily due to unit sales growth$803.5 million. This was driven by an increase in our wholesale channel, partially offset by a decrease in our direct-to-consumer channel and directa decrease in license revenues from our Japanese licensee. Within our direct-to-consumer channel, net revenues were lower due to consumer channels.decreases in both e-commerce and owned and operated retail store sales, which were negatively impacted by COVID-19 related restrictions and limitations in China. Net revenues in our Asia-Pacific region were also negatively impacted by changes in foreign exchange rates.
Net revenues in our Latin America operating segmentregion increased $5.3by $20.6 million, or 10.7%, to $196.1$213.2 million in 2019 from $190.8 million in 2018$192.6 million. This was primarily due to unit sales growthdriven by an increase in our wholesale channel, partially offset byas we have moved to a decreasedistributor operating model for certain countries within this region. Within our direct-to-consumer channel,
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net revenues were slightly higher due to a changeincreases in our business model in Brazil from a subsidiary to a licenseboth owned and distributor model.operated retail store sales and e-commerce sales.
Net revenues in our Connected Fitness operating segment increased $16.0 million to $136.4 million in 2019 from $120.4 million in 2018 primarily driven by an increase in new subscription revenue and a one-time development fee from a partner. This was partially offset by a decrease in media revenue.
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Operating income (loss) by segment is summarized below:
 Year Ended December 31,
(In thousands)20192018$ Change% Change
North America$733,442  $718,195  $15,247  2.1 %
EMEA53,739  30,388  23,351  76.8  
Asia-Pacific97,641  103,527  (5,886) (5.7) 
Latin America(3,160) (16,879) 13,719  81.3  
Connected Fitness17,140  5,948  11,192  188.2  
Corporate Other(662,032) (866,196) 204,164  23.6  
    Total operating income (loss)$236,770  $(25,017) $261,787  1046.4 %
The increase in total operating income was driven by the following:
Operating segments
Operating income in our North America operating segment increased $15.2 million to $733.4 million in 2019 from $718.2 million in 2018 primarily due to gross margin benefits based on a lower percentage of off-price sales within our wholesale channel and lower incentive compensation expense, partially offset by decreases in net revenues discussed above.
Operating income in our EMEA operating segment increased $23.4 million to $53.7 million in 2019 from$30.4 million in 2018 primarily due to increases in net revenues discussed above.
Operating income in our Asia-Pacific operating segment decreased $5.9 million to $97.6 million in 2019 from $103.5 million in 2018 primarily due to higher compensation expense and marketing investments. This decrease was partially offset by increases in net revenues discussed above.
Operating loss in our Latin America operating segment decreased $13.7 million to $3.2 million in 2019 from $16.9 million in 2018 primarily due to changes to our business model in Brazil.
Operating income in our Connected Fitness segment increased $11.2 million to $17.1 million in 2019 from$5.9 million in 2018 primarily driven by increases in net revenue discussed above.
Non-operating segment
Operating loss in our Corporate Other non-operating segment decreased $204.2increased by $42.7 million to $662.0$51.5 million in 2019 from $866.2 million in 2018$8.8 million. This was primarily duedriven by foreign currency hedge gains related to $203.9 million of 2018 restructuring plan charges for the year ended December 31, 2018. There was no restructuring plan or charges in the year ended December 31, 2019.revenues generated by entities within our operating segments, but managed through our central foreign exchange risk management program.

Operating Income (loss)
Year Ended December 31, 2018 Compared to Year Ended December 31, 2017
(In thousands)Year ended
March 31, 2023
Twelve months ended
March 31, 2022
Change
$
Change
%
North America$734,881 $915,615 $(180,734)(19.7)%
EMEA112,161 136,252 (24,091)(17.7)%
Asia-Pacific100,276 91,862 8,414 9.2 %
Latin America23,487 27,274 (3,787)(13.9)%
Corporate Other (1)
(686,994)(837,559)150,565 18.0 %
Total operating income (loss)$283,811 $333,444 $(49,633)(14.9)%
Net revenues(1) by segment are summarized below:
 Year Ended December 31,
(In thousands)20182017$ Change% Change
North America$3,735,293  $3,801,056  $(65,763) (1.7)%
EMEA591,057  471,560  119,497  25.3  
Asia-Pacific557,431  430,972  126,459  29.3  
Latin America190,795  181,317  9,478  5.2  
Connected Fitness120,357  101,870  18,487  18.1  
Corporate Other (1)(1,748) 2,469  (4,217) (170.8) 
    Total operating income (loss)$5,193,185  $4,989,244  $203,941  4.1 %
(1) Corporate Other revenues consist ofprimarily includes foreign currency hedge gains and losses related to revenues generated by entities within our geographic operating segments but managed through our central foreign exchange risk management program.
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The increase in total netprogram, as well as subscription revenues was driven by the following:
Net revenues infrom MMR and revenue from other digital business opportunities. Corporate Other also includes expenses related to our North America operating segment decreased $65.8 million to $3,735.3 million in 2018 from $3,801.1 million in 2017 primarily due to lower sales driven by lower demand, partially offset by increased off-price sales, in each case within our wholesale channel.central supporting functions.

Net revenues in our EMEA operating segment increased $119.5 million to $591.1 million in 2018 from $471.6 million in 2017 primarily due to unit sales growth in our wholesale channel in the United Kingdom, Italy and Spain.
Net revenues in our Asia-Pacific operating segment increased $126.5 million to $557.4 million in 2018 from $431.0 million in 2017 primarily due to unit sales growth in our direct to consumer channel and our wholesale channel in China.
Net revenues in our Latin America operating segment increased $9.5 million to $190.8 million in 2018 from $181.3 million in 2017 primarily due to unit sales growth in our wholesale channel in Mexico and Chile, partially offset by a decrease in unit sales due a change in our business model in Brazil from a subsidiary to a license and distributor model.
Net revenues in our Connected Fitness operating segment increased $18.5 million to $120.4 million in 2018 from $101.9 million in 2017 primarily driven by additional subscription revenue on our fitness applications.
Operating income (loss) by segment is summarized below:
 Year Ended December 31,
(In thousands)20182017$ Change% Change
North America$718,195  $700,190  $18,005  2.6 %
EMEA30,388  26,042  4,346  16.7  
Asia-Pacific103,527  89,320  14,207  15.9  
Latin America(16,879) (14,400) (2,479) (17.2) 
Connected Fitness5,948  (6,541) 12,489  190.9  
Corporate Other(866,196) (766,768) (99,428) (13.0) 
    Total operating income (loss)$(25,017) $27,843  $(52,860) (189.9)%
The decrease in total operating income for Fiscal 2023, compared to the twelve months ended March 31, 2022, was primarily driven by the following:
Operating segments
Operating income in our North America operating segment increased $18.0region decreased by $180.7 million to $718.2$734.9 million in 2018 from $700.2 million in 2017$915.6 million. This was primarily due to decreased marketinga decline in gross profit and higher distribution and selling costs.expenses, partially offset by lower marketing-related expenses. The decline in gross profit was driven by higher product input and freight costs, increased promotions and discounting and lower net revenues as discussed above.
Operating income in our EMEA operating segment increased $4.3region decreased by $24.1 million to $30.4$112.2 million in 2018 from $26.0 million in 2017$136.3 million. This was primarily due to the increasea decline in net sales discussed above,gross profit, higher distribution and selling expenses and higher bad debt expense, partially offset by a reserve related to a commercial dispute and increased marketing.lower marketing-related expenses. The decline in gross profit was driven by unfavorable channel mix, partially offset by higher net revenues as discussed above.
Operating income in our Asia-Pacific operating segmentregion increased $14.2by $8.4 million to $103.5$100.3 million in 2018 from $89.3 million in 2017$91.9 million. This was primarily due to sales growth discussed above. This increasea decrease in marketing-related expenses, consulting expenses and facility-related expenses, partially offset by a decline in gross profit. The decline in gross profit was driven by increased promotions and discounting, partially offset by higher investments in our direct to consumer business.net revenues as discussed above.
Operating lossincome in our Latin America operating segment increased $2.5region decreased by $3.8 million to $16.9$23.5 million in 2018 from $14.4 million in 2017$27.3 million. This was primarily due to lower gross margin based on a higher percentage of off-pricefreight and independent distributor sales within our wholesale channel.
Operating loss in our Connected Fitness segment decreased $12.5 million to income of $5.9 million in 2018 from a loss of $6.5 million in 2017 primarily drivendistribution costs, partially offset by increased sales growth discussed above.higher net revenues.
Non-operating segment
Operating loss in our Corporate Other non-operating segment increased $99.4decreased by $150.6 million to $866.2$687.0 million in 2018 from $766.8 million in 2017$837.6 million. This was primarily due to a $74.8 milliongains from foreign currency hedges, lower incentive compensation expenses and no further restructuring charges, partially offset by an increase in the 2018 restructuring plan charges of $203.9 million, compared to the 2017 restructuring plan charges of $129.1 million.
Seasonality
Historically, we have recognized a majority of our net revenuessalaries expenses and a significant portion of our income from operations in the last two quarters of the calendar year, driven primarily by increased sales volume of our products
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during the fall selling season, including a larger proportion of higher margin direct to consumer sales. The level of our working capital generally reflects the seasonality and growth in our business. We generally expect inventory, accounts payable and certain accrued expenses to be higher in the second and third quarters in preparation for the fall selling season.
The following table sets forth certain financial information for the periods indicated. The data is prepared on the same basis as the audited Consolidated Financial Statements included elsewhere in this Form 10-K. All recurring, necessary adjustments are reflected in the data below:
 Quarter Ended (unaudited)
(In thousands)3/31/20186/30/20189/30/201812/31/20183/31/20196/30/20199/30/201912/31/2019
Net revenues$1,185,370  $1,174,859  $1,442,976  $1,389,980  $1,204,722  $1,191,729  $1,429,456  $1,441,225  
Gross profit523,453  526,584  665,207  625,227  544,787  554,321  689,898  681,527  
Marketing SG&A expenses126,618  139,497  130,665  162,956  133,876  144,734  133,924  166,431  
Other SG&A expenses388,016  413,122  396,975  424,490  375,652  421,069  417,054  441,023  
Restructuring and impairment charges37,480  78,840  18,601  48,228  —  —  —  —  
Income (loss) from operations$(28,661) $(104,875) $118,966  $(10,447) $35,259  $(11,482) $138,920  $74,073  
(As a percentage of annual totals)   
Net revenues22.8 %22.6 %27.8 %26.8 %22.9 %22.6 %27.1 %27.4 %
Gross profit22.4 %22.5 %28.4 %26.7 %22.1 %22.4 %27.9 %27.6 %
Marketing SG&A expenses22.6 %24.9 %23.3 %29.1 %23.1 %25.0 %23.1 %28.7 %
Other SG&A expenses23.9 %25.5 %24.5 %26.2 %22.7 %25.4 %25.2 %26.7 %
Restructuring and impairment charges20.5 %43.0 %10.2 %26.3 %— %— %— %— %
Income (loss) from operations114.6 %419.2 %(475.5)%41.8 %14.9 %(4.8)%58.7 %31.3 %

Financial Position, Capital Resources and LiquidityLIQUIDITY AND CAPITAL RESOURCES
Our cash requirements have principally been for working capital and capital expenditures. We fund our working capital, primarily inventory, and capital investments from cash flows from operating activities, cash and cash equivalents on hand, and borrowings available under our credit and long term debt facilities and the issuance of debt securities.facilities. Our working capital requirements generally reflect the seasonality and growth in our business as we historically recognize the majority of our net revenues in the back halflast two quarters of the calendar year. Our capital investments have generally included expanding our in-store fixture and branded concept shop program, improvements and expansion of our distribution and corporate facilities, to supportincluding construction of our growth,new global headquarters, leasehold improvements to our brandBrand and factory houseFactory House stores, and investment and improvements in information technology systems.
Our inventory strategy is focused on continuing to meet consumer demand while improving our inventory efficiency over the long
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term by putting systems and processes in place to improve our inventory management. These systems and processes including our global operating and financial reporting information technology system, are designed to improve our forecasting and supply planning capabilities. In addition, we strive to systems and processes, key areas of focus that we believe will enhance our inventory performance are addedby focusing on adding discipline around theproduct purchasing, of product,reducing production lead time reduction, and betterimproving planning and execution infor selling of excess inventory through our factory houseFactory House stores and other liquidation channels.
As of March 31, 2023, we had approximately $711.9 million of cash and cash equivalents. We believe our cash and cash equivalents on hand, cash from operations, our ability to reduce our expenditures as needed, borrowings available to us under our amended credit agreement, and other financing instruments and our ability to access the capital markets, and other financing alternatives are adequate to meet our liquidity needs and capital expenditure requirements for at least the next twelve months. AlthoughIn addition, from time to time, based on prevailing market conditions, our liquidity requirements, contractual restrictions and other factors and subject to compliance with applicable laws and regulations, we believemay seek to utilize cash on hand, borrowings or raise capital to retire, repurchase or redeem our debt securities, repay debt, repurchase shares of our common stock or otherwise enter into similar transactions to support our capital structure and business or utilize excess cash flow on a strategic basis. For example, as described below, in February 2022, our Board of Directors authorized the repurchase of up to $500 million of our Class C Common Stock over the following two years and, subsequently, during the Transition Period and Fiscal 2023, we have adequateentered into agreements related to accelerated share repurchase transactions to repurchase $425 million of our Class C Common Stock.
If there are unexpected material impacts to our business in future periods from COVID-19 or other global macroeconomic factors and we need to raise or conserve additional cash to fund our operations, we may consider additional alternatives similar to those we used in Fiscal 2020, including further reducing our expenditures, changing our investment strategies, reducing compensation costs, including through temporary reductions in pay and layoffs, limiting certain marketing and capital expenditures, and negotiating, extending or delaying payment terms with our customers and vendors. In addition, we may seek alternative sources of liquidity, overincluding but not limited to, accessing the long term, an economic recessioncapital markets, sale leaseback transactions or a slow recovery could adversely affect our business and liquidity (refer to the “Risk Factors” section included in Item 1A). In addition,other sales of assets, or other alternative financing measures. However, instability in, or tightening of the capital markets, could adversely affect our ability to obtain additionalaccess the capital to grow our businessmarkets on terms acceptable to us or at all. Although we believe we have adequate sources of liquidity over the long term, a prolonged or more severe economic recession, inflationary pressure, or a slow recovery could adversely affect our business and liquidity and could require us to take certain of the liquidity preserving actions described above.
At DecemberAs of March 31, 2019, $165.42023, $396.5 million or approximately 21.0%,56% of cash and cash equivalents was held by our foreign subsidiaries. Based on the capital and liquidity needs of our foreign operations, we intend to indefinitely reinvest these funds outside the United States. In addition, our United States operations do not require the
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repatriation of these funds to meet our currently projected liquidity needs. Should we require additional capital in the United States, we may borrow in the United States or elect to repatriate indefinitely reinvested foreign funds or raise capital in the United States.
The Tax Act imposed U.S. federal tax on all post-1986 foreign unrepatriated earnings accumulated through December 31, 2017. The portion of these earnings not subject to U.S. federal income tax as part of the one-time transition tax should, in general, not be subject to U.S. federal income tax. We will continue to permanently reinvest these earnings, as well as future earnings from our foreign subsidiaries, to fund international growth and operations. funds.If we were to repatriate indefinitely reinvested foreign funds, we would still be required to accrue and pay certain taxes upon repatriation, including foreign withholding taxes and certain U.S. state taxes and recordrecognized foreign exchange rate impacts. Determination of the unrecorded deferred tax liability that would be incurred if such amounts were repatriated is not practicable.

Refer to our "Risk Factors" section included in Item 1A of this Annual Report on Form 10-K.
Cash Flows
The following table presents the major components of net cash flows used in and provided by operating, investing and financing activities for the periods presented:
 Year Ended December 31,
(In thousands)201920182017
Net cash provided by (used in):
Operating activities$509,031  $628,230  $237,460  
Investing activities(147,113) (202,904) (282,987) 
Financing activities(137,070) (189,868) 106,759  
Effect of exchange rate changes on cash and cash equivalents5,100  12,467  4,178  
Net increase in cash and cash equivalents$229,948  $247,925  $65,410  
Operating Activities
Operating activities consist primarily of net income adjusted for certain non-cash items. Adjustments to net income for non-cash items include depreciation and amortization, unrealized foreign currency exchange rate gains and losses, losses on disposals of property and equipment, stock-based compensation, deferred income taxes and changes in reserves and allowances. In addition, operating cash flows include the effect of changes in operating assets and liabilities, principally inventories, accounts receivable, income taxes payable and receivable, prepaid expenses and other assets, accounts payable and accrued expenses.
Cash flows provided by operating activities decreased $119.2 million to $509.0 million in 2019 from $628.2 million in 2018. The decrease was due to decreased net cash inflows from operating assets and liabilities of $360.2 million. The decrease in cash inflows related to changes in operating assets and liabilities period over period was primarily driven by the following:
a decrease in cash provided by accounts receivable of $232.3 million in 2019 as compared to 2018;
a decrease in changes in reserves and allowances and customer refund liabilities of $176.9 million in 2019 as compared to 2018; and
a decrease in accrued expenses and other liabilities of $153.6 million in 2019 as compared to 2018.
This was partially offset by an increase in cash provided by changes in prepaid expenses and other assets of $132.2 million and an increase in net income adjusted for non-cash items of $241.0 million year over year.
Investing Activities
Cash used in investing activities decreased $55.8 million to $147.1 million in 2019 from $202.9 million in 2018, primarily due to lower capital expenditures and the purchase of an additional 10% common stock ownership in Dome Corporation ("Dome"), our Japanese licensee in 2018.
Total capital expenditures were $144.3 million and $154.3 million in 2019 and 2018, respectively. Capital expenditures for 2020 are expected to be approximately $165.0 million.
Financing Activities
Cash used in financing activities decreased $52.8 million to $137.1 million in 2019 from $189.9 million in 2018. This decrease was primarily due to lower borrowings and net repayments on our credit facility in 2019 compared to 2018.

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Credit FacilityShare Repurchase Program
On March 8, 2019, we entered into an amended and restated credit agreement, amending and restatingFebruary 23, 2022, our prior credit agreement. As amended and restated, our credit agreement has a termBoard of five years, maturing in March 2024, and provides revolving credit commitments forDirectors authorized us to repurchase up to $1.25 billion$500 million (exclusive of borrowings,fees and commissions) of outstanding shares of our Class C Common Stock over the following two years. The Class C Common Stock may be repurchased from time to time at prevailing prices in the open market, through plans designed to comply with no term loan borrowings, which were provided for under our prior credit agreement. As of December 31, 2019, there were no amounts outstanding under our revolving credit facility. As of December 31, 2018, there were no amounts outstandingRule 10b5-1 under the revolving credit facility and $136.3 million outstanding under our prior term loan.
At our request and the lender's consent, revolving andSecurities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, via private purchases through forward, derivative, accelerated share repurchase transactions or term loan borrowings may be increased by up to $300.0 million in aggregate,otherwise, subject to certain conditions as set forth in the credit agreement, as amended. Incremental borrowings are uncommittedapplicable regulatory restrictions on volume, pricing and the availability thereoftiming. The timing and amount of any repurchases will depend on market conditions, atour financial condition, results of operations, liquidity and other factors.
Pursuant to the timepreviously disclosed accelerated share repurchase transactions that we seekentered into in February 2022, May 2022, August 2022 and November 2022 (the "ASR Agreements"), we repurchased 18.7 million and 16.2 million shares of Class C Common Stock, which were immediately retired, during Fiscal 2023 and the Transition Period, respectively. As a result, $174.0 million was recorded to incur such borrowings.
The borrowings underretained earnings to reflect the revolving credit facility have maturities of less than one year. Up to $50.0 milliondifference between the market price of the facility may be used for the issuanceClass C Common Stock repurchased and its par value during Fiscal 2023 (Transition Period: $240.0 million).
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Table of letters of credit. There were $5.0 million of letters of credit outstanding as of December 31, 2019.
The credit agreement contains negative covenants that, subject to significant exceptions, limit our ability to, among other things, incur additional indebtedness, make restricted payments, pledge our assets as security, make investments, loans, advances, guarantees and acquisitions, undergo fundamental changes and enter into transactions with affiliates. We are also required to maintain a ratio of consolidated EBITDA, as defined in the credit agreement, to consolidated interest expense of not less than 3.50 to 1.00 and we are not permitted to allow the ratio of consolidated total indebtedness to consolidated EBITDA to be greater than 3.25 to 1.00 ("consolidated leverage ratio"). As of December 31, 2019, we were in compliance with these ratios. In addition, the credit agreement contains events of default that are customary for a facility of this nature, and includes a cross default provision whereby an event of default under other material indebtedness, as defined in the credit agreement, will be considered an event of default under the credit agreement.
Borrowings under the credit agreement bear interest at a rate per annum equal to, at our option, either (a) an alternate base rate, or (b) a rate based on the rates applicable for deposits in the interbank market for U.S. Dollars or the applicable currency in which the loans are made (“adjusted LIBOR”), plus in each case an applicable margin. The applicable margin for loans will be adjusted by reference to a grid (the “Pricing Grid”) based on the consolidated leverage ratio and ranges between 1.00% to 1.25% for adjusted LIBOR loans and 0.00% to 0.25% for alternate base rate loans. The weighted average interest rate under the outstanding term loans was 3.2% during the year ended December 31, 2018. During the year ended December 31, 2019, there were no borrowings under the outstanding term loan. The weighted average interest rate under the revolving credit facility borrowings was 3.6% and 3.0% during the years ended December 31, 2019 and 2018, respectively. We pay a commitment fee on the average daily unused amount of the revolving credit facility and certain fees with respect to letters of credit. As of December 31, 2019, the commitment fee was 15 basis points. Since inception, we incurred and deferred $3.4 million in financing costs in connection with the credit agreement.Contents

3.250% Senior Notes
In June 2016,As of the date of this Annual Report on Form 10-K, we issued $600.0have repurchased a total of $425 million aggregate principal amountor 34.9 million outstanding shares of 3.250% senior unsecured notes due June 15, 2026 (the “Notes”). The proceeds were used to pay down amounts outstandingour Class C Common Stock under the revolving credit facility. Interest is payable semi-annually on June 15 and December 15 beginning December 15, 2016. Prior to March 15, 2026 (three months prior to the maturity date of the Notes), we may redeem some or all of the Notes at any time or from time to time at a redemption price equal to the greater of 100% of the principal amount of the Notes to be redeemed or a “make-whole” amount applicable to such Notes as described in the indenture governing the Notes, plus accrued and unpaid interest to, but excluding, the redemption date. On or after March 15, 2026 (three months prior to the maturity date of the Notes), we may redeem some or all of the Notes at any time or from time to time at a redemption price equal to 100% of the principal amount of the Notes to be redeemed, plus accrued and unpaid interest to, but excluding, the redemption date.
The indenture governing the Notes contains covenants, including limitations that restrict our ability and the ability of certain of our subsidiaries to create or incur secured indebtedness and enter into sale and leaseback transactions and our ability to consolidate, merge or transfer all or substantially all of our properties or assets to another person, in each case subject to material exceptions described in the indenture. We incurred and deferred $5.3 million in financing costs in connection with the Notes.

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Other Long Term Debt
In December 2012, we entered into a $50.0 million recourse loan collateralized by the land, buildings and tenant improvements comprising our corporate headquarters. In July 2018, this loan was repaid in full, without penalties, using borrowings under our revolving credit facility.
Interest expense, net was $21.2 million, $33.6 million, and $34.5 million for the years ended December 31, 2019, 2018 and 2017, respectively. Interest expense includes the amortization of deferred financing costs, bank fees, capital and built-to-suit lease interest and interest expense under the credit and other long term debt facilities. Amortization of deferred financing costs was $2.4 million, $1.5 million, and $1.3 million for the years ended December 31, 2019, 2018 and 2017, respectively.
We monitor the financial health and stability of our lenders under the credit and other long term debt facilities, however during any period of significant instability in the credit markets lenders could be negatively impacted in their ability to perform under these facilities.

share repurchase program.
Contractual Commitments and Contingencies
We lease warehouse space, office facilities, space for our brandBrand and factory houseFactory House stores and certain equipment under non-cancelable operating leases. The leases expire at various dates through 2035, excluding extensions at our option, and include provisions for rental adjustments. In addition, this table includes executed lease agreements for brandBrand and factory houseFactory House stores that we did not yet occupy as of DecemberMarch 31, 2019.2023. The operating leases generally contain renewal provisions for varying periods of time. Our significant contractual obligations and commitments as of DecemberMarch 31, 2019 as well as significant agreements entered into during the period after December 31, 2019 through the date of this report2023 are summarized in the following table:
 Payments Due by Period
(in thousands)Total
Less Than
1 Year
1 to 3 Years3 to 5 Years
More Than
5 Years
Contractual obligations
Long term debt obligations (1)$726,750  $19,500  $39,000  $39,000  $629,250  
Operating lease obligations (2)1,341,292  157,217  324,575  264,192  595,308  
Product purchase obligations (3)1,087,634  1,087,634  —  —  —  
Sponsorships and other (4)679,109  131,297  219,662  186,796  141,354  
Transition Tax Related to the Tax Act (5)10,865  —  1,130  3,293  6,442  
Total$3,845,650  $1,395,648  $584,367  $493,281  $1,372,354  
Payments Due by Period
(In thousands)TotalLess Than 1 Year1 to 3 Years3 to 5 YearsMore Than 5 Years
Long term debt obligations (1)
$750,990 $20,714 $120,526 $609,750 $— 
Operating Lease obligations (2)
1,027,700 176,218 290,688 199,724 361,070 
Product purchase obligations (3)
1,161,097 1,161,097 — — — 
Sponsorships and other (4)
412,425 83,342 189,758 40,575 98,750 
Total future minimum payments$3,352,212 $1,441,371 $600,972 $850,049 $459,820 
(1) Includes estimated interest payments based on applicable fixed and currently effective floating interest rates as of DecemberMarch 31, 2019,2023, timing of scheduled payments, and the term of the debt obligations.
(2) Includes the minimum payments for lease obligations. The lease obligations do not include any contingent rent expense we may incur at our brandBrand and factoryFactory house stores based on future sales above a specified minimum or payments made for maintenance, insurance and real estate taxes. Contingent rent expense was $12.9$14.2 million for the year ended December 31, 2019. In February 2020, we announced that we are considering foregoing opening a flagship store in New York City while pursuing sublet options for the long-term lease. The amounts included above reflect our existing contractual obligations with respect to that lease, which totaled $506.2 million as of December 31, 2019.Fiscal 2023.
(3) We generally place orders with our manufacturers at least three to four months in advance of expected future sales. The amounts listed for product purchase obligations primarily represent our open production purchase orders with our manufacturers for our apparel, footwear and accessories, including expected inbound freight, duties and other costs. These open purchase orders specify fixed or minimum quantities of products at determinable prices. The product purchase obligations also includes fabric commitments with our suppliers, which secure a portion of our material needs for future seasons. The reported amounts exclude product purchase liabilities included in accounts payable as of DecemberMarch 31, 2019.2023.
(4) Includes sponsorships with professional teams, professional leagues, colleges and universities, individual athletes, athletic events and other marketing commitments in order to promote our brand. Some of these sponsorship agreements provide for additional performance incentives and product supply obligations. It is not possible to determine how much we will spend on product supply obligations on an annual basis as contracts generally do not stipulate specific cash amounts to be spent on products. The amount of product
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provided to these sponsorships depends on many factors including general playing conditions, the number of sporting events in which they participate and our decisions regarding product and marketing initiatives. In addition, it is not possible to determine the performance incentive amounts we may be required to pay under these agreements as they are primarily subject to certain performance based and other variables. The amounts listed above are the fixed minimum amounts required to be paid under these sponsorship agreements. Additionally, these amounts include minimum guaranteed royalty payments to endorsers and licensors based upon a predetermined percent of sales of particular products.
(5)  Represents the future cash payments due related to the Tax Act enacted in 2017 as part of the one-time transition tax on deemed repatriation of undistributed earnings of foreign subsidiaries.
The table above excludes a liability of $37.2$58.8 million for uncertain tax positions, including theinclusive of related interest and penalties, recorded in accordance with applicable accounting guidance, as we arethe Company is unable to reasonably estimate the timing an amount of future cash settlement. Refer to Note 1117 to the Consolidated Financial Statements for a further discussion of our uncertain tax positions.
Cash Flows
The following table presents the major components of our cash flows provided by and used in operating, investing and financing activities for the periods presented:
(In thousands)Year ended
March 31, 2023
Twelve months ended
March 31, 2022
Change
$
Net cash provided by (used in):
Operating activities$(9,914)$493,974 $(503,888)
Investing activities(152,796)(100,365)(52,431)
Financing activities(126,375)(725,806)599,431 
Effect of exchange rate changes on cash and cash equivalents(5,315)(5,357)42 
Net increase (decrease) in cash and cash equivalents$(294,400)$(337,554)$43,154 
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Operating Activities
Cash flows from operating activities decreased by $503.9 million, as compared to the twelve months ended March 31, 2022, primarily driven by a decrease in net income before the impact of non-cash items of $54.0 million and a decrease from changes in working capital of $449.9 million.
The changes in working capital were due to the following outflows:
$411.3 million from changes in inventories;
$140.7 million from changes in other non-current assets;
$69.5 million from changes in accounts receivable; and
$20.3 million from changes in prepaid expenses and other current assets.
These outflows were partially offset by the following working capital inflows:
$127.6 million from changes in accrued expenses and other liabilities;
$33.2 million from changes in customer refund liabilities;
$26.4 million from changes in accounts payable; and
$5.0 million from changes in income taxes payable and receivable, net.
Investing Activities
Cash flows used in investing activities increased by $52.4 million, as compared to the twelve months ended March 31, 2022. This was primarily due to an increase in capital expenditures, partially offset by the collection of the year one earn-out previously recorded in connection with the sale of the MyFitnessPal platform.
Total capital expenditures during Fiscal 2023 were $187.8 million, or approximately 3% of net revenues, representing an $86.6 million increase from $101.2 million during the twelve months ended March 31, 2022. During Fiscal 2021, we reduced capital expenditures in response to ongoing uncertainty related to COVID-19. Our long-term operating principle for capital expenditures is to spend between 3% and 5% of annual net revenues as we invest in our global direct-to-consumer, e-Commerce and digital businesses, information technology systems, distribution centers and our global offices, including our new global headquarters in the Baltimore Peninsula, an area of Baltimore, Maryland, previously referred to as Port Covington. During Fiscal 2023, we incurred capital expenditures of $68.1 million relating to the construction of our new global headquarters. As previously disclosed, our plans for our new headquarters have been designed in line with our long-term sustainability strategy and include a commitment to reduce greenhouse gas emissions and increase sourcing of renewable electricity in our owned and operated facilities. We expect a portion of our capital expenditures over the next few years to include investments incorporating sustainable and intelligent building design features into this facility.
Financing Activities
Cash flows used in financing activities decreased by $599.4 million, as compared to the twelve months ended March 31, 2022. During the twelve months ended March 31, 2022, we paid $506.3 million to certain exchanging holders for the exchange of approximately $419.1 million in aggregate principal amount of our 1.50% Convertible Senior Notes. Concurrently with these exchanges we terminated certain capped call agreements and in exchange received approximately $91.7 million. For more details, see discussion below under "1.50% Convertible Senior Notes". Additionally, during Fiscal 2023 and the twelve months ended March 31, 2022, we paid $125.0 million and $300.0 million, respectively, to repurchase shares of our Class C Common Stock through accelerated share repurchase programs. For more details, see discussion above under "Share Repurchase Program".

Off-Balance Sheet ArrangementsCapital Resources
Credit Facility
On March 8, 2019, we entered into an amended and restated credit agreement by and among us, as borrower, JPMorgan Chase Bank, N.A., as administrative agent, and the other lenders and arrangers party thereto (the "credit agreement"). In May 2020, May 2021 and December 2021, we entered into the first, second and third amendments to the credit agreement, respectively (the credit agreement as amended and the "amended credit agreement" or the "revolving credit facility"). The amended credit agreement provides for revolving credit commitments of $1.1 billion and has a term that ends on December 3, 2026, with permitted extensions under certain circumstances. As of March 31, 2023 and March 31, 2022, there were no amounts outstanding under the revolving credit facility.
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At our request and a lender's consent, commitments under the amended credit agreement may be increased by up to $300.0 million in aggregate, subject to certain conditions as set forth in the amended credit agreement. Incremental borrowings are uncommitted and the availability thereof will depend on market conditions at the time we seek to incur such borrowings.
Borrowings, if any, under the revolving credit facility have maturities of less than one year. Up to $50.0 million of the facility may be used for the issuance of letters of credit. As of March 31, 2023, there was $4.4 million of letters of credit outstanding (March 31, 2022: $4.5 million).
Our obligations under the amended credit agreement are guaranteed by certain domestic significant subsidiaries of Under Armour, Inc., subject to customary exceptions (the "subsidiary guarantors") and primarily secured by a first-priority security interest in substantially all of the assets of Under Armour, Inc. and the subsidiary guarantors, excluding real property, capital stock in and debt of subsidiaries of Under Armour, Inc. holding certain real property and other customary exceptions. The amended credit agreement provides for the permanent fall away of guarantees and collateral upon our achievement of investment grade rating from two rating agencies.
The amended credit agreement contains negative covenants that, subject to significant exceptions, limit our ability to, among other things: incur additional secured and unsecured indebtedness; pledge the assets as security; make investments, loans, advances, guarantees and acquisitions (including investments in and loans to non-guarantor subsidiaries); undergo fundamental changes; sell assets outside the ordinary course of business; enter into transactions with affiliates; and make restricted payments.
We are also required to maintain a ratio of consolidated EBITDA, to consolidated interest expense of not less than 3.50 to 1.0 (the "interest coverage covenant") and we are not permitted to allow the ratio of consolidated total indebtedness to consolidated EBITDA to be greater than 3.25 to 1.0 (the "leverage covenant"), as described in more detail in the amended credit agreement. As of March 31, 2023, we were in compliance with the applicable covenants.
In addition, the amended credit agreement contains events of default that are customary for a facility of this nature, and includes a cross default provision whereby an event of default under other material indebtedness, as defined in the amended credit agreement, will be considered an event of default under the amended credit agreement.
The amended credit agreement implements SOFR as the replacement of LIBOR as a benchmark interest rate for the U.S. dollar borrowings (and analogous benchmark rate replacements for borrowings in Yen, Canadian dollars, Pound Sterling and Euro). Borrowings under the amended credit agreement bear interest at a rate per annum equal to, at our option, either (a) an alternate base rate (for borrowings in U.S. dollars), (b) a term rate (for borrowings in U.S. dollars, Euros, Japanese Yen or Canadian dollars) or (c) a "risk free" rate (for borrowings in U.S. dollars or Pounds Sterling), plus in each case an applicable margin. The applicable margin for loans will be adjusted by reference to a grid (the "pricing grid") based on the leverage ratio of consolidated total indebtedness to consolidated EBITDA and ranges between 1.00% to 1.75% (or, in the case of alternate base rate loans 0.00% to 0.75%). We will also pay a commitment fee determined in accordance with the pricing grid on the average daily unused amount of the revolving credit facility and certain fees with respect to letters of credit. As of March 31, 2023, the commitment fee was 17.5 basis points.
1.50% Convertible Senior Notes
In May 2020, we issued $500.0 million aggregate principal amount of 1.50% convertible senior notes due 2024 (the "Convertible Senior Notes"). The Convertible Senior Notes bear interest at the fixed rate of 1.50% per annum, payable semiannually in arrears on June 1 and December 1 of each year, beginning December 1, 2020. The Convertible Senior Notes will mature on June 1, 2024, unless earlier converted in accordance with their terms, redeemed in accordance with their terms or repurchased.
The net proceeds from the offering (including the net proceeds from the exercise of the over-allotment option) were $488.8 million, after deducting the initial purchasers' discount and estimated offering expenses that we paid, of which we used $47.9 million to pay the cost of the capped call transactions described below. We utilized $439.9 million to repay indebtedness that was outstanding under our revolving credit facility at the time, and to pay related fees and expenses.
The Convertible Senior Notes are not secured and are not guaranteed by any of our subsidiaries. The indenture governing the Convertible Senior Notes does not contain any financial or operating covenants or restrictions on the payments of dividends, the incurrence of indebtedness or the issuance or repurchase of securities by us or any of our subsidiaries.
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During Fiscal 2021, we entered into exchange agreements with certain holders of the Convertible Senior Notes, who agreed to exchange approximately $419.1 million in aggregate principal amount of the Convertible Senior Notes for cash and/or shares of our Class C Common Stock, plus payment for accrued and unpaid interest (the "Exchanges"). In connection with various contractsthe Exchanges, we paid approximately $507.0 million cash and agreements,issued approximately 18.8 million shares of the Company's Class C Common Stock to the exchanging holders. Additionally, we have agreedrecognized losses on debt extinguishment of $58.5 million during Fiscal 2021, within Other Income (Expense), net on our Consolidated Statements of Operations. Following the Exchanges, approximately $80.9 million aggregate principal amount of the Convertible Senior Notes remain outstanding as of March 31, 2023.
The Convertible Senior Notes are convertible into cash, shares of our Class C Common Stock or a combination of cash and shares of Class C Common Stock, at our election, as described further below. The initial conversion rate is 101.8589 shares of our Class C Common Stock per $1,000 principal amount of Convertible Senior Notes (equivalent to indemnifyan initial conversion price of approximately $9.82 per share of Class C Common Stock), subject to adjustment if certain events occur. Prior to the close of business on the business day immediately preceding January 1, 2024, holders may (at their option) convert their Convertible Senior Notes only upon satisfaction of one or more of the following conditions:
during any calendar quarter commencing after the calendar quarter ended on September 30, 2020 (and only during such calendar quarter), if the last reported sale price of our Class C Common Stock for at least 20 trading days (whether or not consecutive) during the period of 30 consecutive trading days ending on, and including, the last trading day of the immediately preceding calendar quarter is greater than or equal to 130% of the conversion price on each applicable trading day;
during the five business day period after any five consecutive trading day period (the "measurement period") in which the trading price per $1,000 principal amount of Convertible Senior Notes for each trading day of the measurement period was less than 98% of the product of the last reported sale price of our Class C Common Stock and the conversion rate on each such trading day;
upon the occurrence of specified corporate events or distributions on our Class C Common Stock; or
if we call any Convertible Senior Notes for redemption prior to the close of business on the business day immediately preceding January 1, 2024.
On or after January 1, 2024, until the close of business on the second scheduled trading day immediately preceding the maturity date, holders may convert all or any portion of their Convertible Senior Notes at the conversion rate at any time irrespective of the foregoing conditions.
Beginning on December 6, 2022, we may redeem for cash all or any part of the Convertible Senior Notes, at our option, if the last reported sale price of our Class C Common Stock has been at least 130% of the conversion price then in effect for at least 20 trading days (whether or not consecutive) during any 30 consecutive trading day period (including the last trading day of such period) ending on, and including, the trading day immediately preceding the date on which we provide notice of redemption at a redemption price equal to 100% of the aggregate principal amount of the Convertible Senior Notes to be redeemed, plus accrued and unpaid interest to, but excluding, the redemption date.
If we undergo a fundamental change (as defined in the indenture governing the Convertible Senior Notes) prior to the maturity date, subject to certain conditions, holders may require us to repurchase for cash all or any portion of their Convertible Senior Notes in principal amounts of $1,000 or an integral multiple thereof at a price which will be equal to 100% of the aggregate principal amount of the Convertible Senior Notes to be repurchased, plus accrued and unpaid interest to, but excluding, the fundamental change repurchase date.
Concurrently with the offering of the Convertible Senior Notes, we entered into privately negotiated capped call transactions with JPMorgan Chase Bank, National Association, HSBC Bank USA, National Association, and Citibank, N.A. (the "option counterparties"). The capped call transactions are expected generally to reduce potential dilution to our Class C Common Stock upon any conversion of Convertible Senior Notes and/or offset any cash payments we are required to make in excess of the aggregate principal amount of converted Convertible Senior Notes upon any conversion thereof, as the case may be, with such reduction and/or offset subject to a cap based on the cap price. The cap price of the capped call transactions is initially $13.4750 per share of our Class C Common Stock, representing a premium of 75% above the last reported sale price of our Class C Common Stock on May 21, 2020, and is subject to certain adjustments under the terms of the capped call transactions.
During Fiscal 2021, concurrently with the Exchanges, we entered into, with each of the option counterparties, against certain third party claimstermination agreements relating to a number of options corresponding to the infringementnumber of intellectual property rightsConvertible Senior Notes exchanged. Pursuant to such termination agreements, each of the option counterparties paid us a
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cash settlement amount in respect of the portion of capped call transactions being terminated. We received approximately $91.7 million in connection with such termination agreements related to the Exchanges.
The Convertible Senior Notes contain a cash conversion feature. Prior to the adoption of Accounting Standards Update ("ASU") No. 2020-06 "Debt - Debt with Conversion and other items. Generally, such indemnification obligations doOther Options (Subtopic 470-20) and Derivatives and Hedging - Contracts in Entity's Own Equity (Subtopic 815-40)" ("ASU 2020-06"), we had separated it into liability and equity components. We valued the liability component based on its borrowing rate for a similar debt instrument that does not apply in situations incontain a conversion feature. The equity component, which our counterparties are grossly negligent, engage in willful misconduct, or act in bad faith. Based on our historical experiencewas recognized as a debt discount, was valued as the difference between the face value of the Convertible Senior Notes and the estimated probability of future loss, we have determined the fair value of the liability component.
We adopted ASU 2020-06 on January 1, 2022 using the modified retrospective method. As a result, the Convertible Senior Notes are no longer accounted for as separate liability and equity components, but rather a single liability. See Note 2 to the Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements included in Part I of our Transition Report on Form 10-QT for the three months ended March 31, 2022 for more details.
3.250% Senior Notes
In June 2016, we issued $600.0 million aggregate principal amount of 3.250% senior unsecured notes due June 15, 2026 (the "Senior Notes"). The proceeds were used to pay down amounts outstanding under the revolving credit facility, at the time. The Senior Notes bear interest at the fixed rate of 3.250% per annum, payable semi-annually on June 15 and December 15 beginning December 15, 2016. Prior to March 15, 2026 (three months prior to the maturity date of the Notes), we may redeem some or all of the Senior Notes at any time or from time to time at a redemption price equal to the greater of 100% of the principal amount of the Senior Notes to be redeemed or a "make-whole" amount applicable to such indemnifications is notSenior Notes as described in the indenture governing the Senior Notes, plus accrued and unpaid interest to, but excluding, the redemption date.
The indenture governing the Senior Notes contains covenants, including limitations that restrict our ability and the ability of certain of our subsidiaries to create or incur secured indebtedness and enter into sale and leaseback transactions and our ability to consolidate, merge or transfer all or substantially all of our properties or assets to another person, in each case subject to material to our financial position or results of operations.exceptions described in the indenture.

Critical Accounting Policies and EstimatesCRITICAL ACCOUNTING ESTIMATES AND ASSUMPTIONS
Our consolidated financial statementsConsolidated Financial Statements have been prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America.U.S. GAAP. To prepare these financial statements, we must make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets, liabilities, revenues and expenses, as well as the disclosures of contingent assets and liabilities. Actual results could be significantly different from these estimates. We believe the following discussion addresses the critical accounting policies that are necessary to understand and evaluate our reported financial results.
Our significant accounting policies are described in Note 2 of the audited Consolidated Financial Statements. We consider an accounting policy to be critical if it is important to our financial condition and results of operations and requires significant judgments and estimates on the part of management in its application. Our estimates are often based on complex judgments, probabilities and assumptions that management believes to be reasonable, but that are inherently uncertain and unpredictable. It is also possible that other professionals, applying reasonable judgment to the same facts and circumstances, could develop and support a range of alternative estimated amounts.
There were no significant changes to our critical accounting policies during the year ended December 31, 2019. The following description of our critical accounting policies largely summarize generally accepted accounting principles in the United States and are meant to provide clarity regarding our existing application of Actual results could be significantly different from these policies.

estimates.
Revenue Recognition
We recognize revenue pursuant to Accounting Standards Codification 606 ("ASC 606"). Net revenues consist of net sales of apparel, footwear and accessories, license and Connected Fitness revenue. We recognize revenue when we satisfy our performance obligations by transferring control of promised products or services to our customers, which occurs either at a point in time or over time, depending on when the customer obtains the ability to direct the use of and obtain substantially all of the remaining benefits from the products or services. The amount of revenue recognized considers terms of sale that create variability in the amount of consideration that we ultimately expect to be entitled to in exchange for the products or services and is subject to an overall constraint that a significant revenue reversal will not occur in future periods. Sales taxes imposed on our revenues from product sales are presented on a net basis within the consolidated statements of operations, and therefore do not impact net revenues or costs of goods sold.
Revenue transactions associated with the sale of apparel, footwear, and accessories, comprise a single performance obligation, which consists of the sale of products to customers either through wholesale or direct to consumer channels. We satisfy the performance obligation and record revenues when transfer of control has passed to the customer, based on the terms of sale. In our wholesale channel, transfer of control is based upon shipment under free on board shipping point for most goods or upon receipt by the customer depending on the
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country of the sale and the agreement with the customer. We may also ship product directly from our supplier to wholesale customers and recognize revenue when the product is delivered to and accepted by the customer. In our direct to consumer channel, transfer of control takes place at the point of sale for brand and factory house customers and upon shipment to substantially all e-commerce customers. Payment terms for wholesale transactions are established in accordance with local and industry practices. Payment is generally required within 30 to 60 days of shipment to or receipt by the wholesale customer in the United States, and generally within 60 to 90 days of shipment to or receipt by the wholesale customer internationally. Payment is generally due at the time of sale for direct to consumer transactions.
Gift cards issued to customers by us are recorded as contract liabilities until they are redeemed, at which point revenue is recognized. We also estimate and recognize revenue for gift card balances not expected to ever be redeemed ("breakage") to the extent that we do not have a legal obligation to remit the value of such unredeemed gift cards to the relevant jurisdiction as unclaimed or abandoned property. Such estimates are based upon historical redemption trends, with breakage income recognized in proportion to the pattern of actual customer redemptions.
Revenue from our licensing arrangements is recognized over time during the period that licensees are provided access to our trademarks and benefit from such access through their sales of licensed products. These arrangements require licensees to pay a sales-based royalty, which for most arrangements may be subject to a contractually guaranteed minimum royalty amount. Payments are generally due quarterly. We recognize revenue for sales-based royalty arrangements (including those for which the royalty exceeds any contractually guaranteed minimum royalty amount) as licensed products are sold by the licensee. If a sales-based royalty is not ultimately expected to exceed a contractually guaranteed minimum royalty amount, the minimum is recognized as revenue over the contractual period. This sales-based output measure of progress and pattern of recognition best represents the value transferred to the licensee over the term of the arrangement, as well as the amount of consideration that we are entitled to receive in exchange for providing access to our trademarks.
Revenue from Connected Fitness subscriptions is recognized on a gross basis and is recognized over the term of the subscription. We receive payments in advance of revenue recognition for subscriptions and these payments are recorded as contract liabilities in our consolidated balance sheet. Related commission cost is included in selling, general and administrative expense in the consolidated statement of operations. Revenue from Connected Fitness digital advertising is recognized as we satisfy performance obligations pursuant to customer insertion orders.
We record reductions to revenue at the time of the transaction for estimated customer returns, allowances, markdowns and discounts. We base these estimates on historical rates of customer returns and allowances as well as the specific identification of outstanding returns, markdowns and allowances that have not yet been received by us. The actual amount of customer returns and allowances, which are inherently uncertain, may differ from our estimates. If we determine that actual or expected returns or allowances are significantly higher or lower than the reserves we established, we would record a reduction or increase, as appropriate, to net sales in the period in which we make such a determination. Provisions for customer specific discounts are based on contractual obligations with certain major customers. Reserves for returns, allowances, markdowns and discounts are included within customer refund liability and the value of inventory associated with reserves for sales returns are included within prepaid expenses and other current assets on the consolidated balance sheet.Consolidated Balance Sheets. As of DecemberMarch 31, 20192023 and 2018,2022, there were $219.4$160.5 million and $301.4$159.6 million, respectively, in reserves for returns, allowances, markdowns and discounts within customer refund liability and $61.1$40.7 million and $113.9$44.3 million, respectively, as the estimated value of inventory associated with the reserves for sales returns within prepaid expenses and other current assets on the consolidated balance sheet. Refer to Note 2 to the Consolidated Financial Statements for a further discussionBalance Sheets.
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Allowance for Doubtful Accounts
We make ongoing estimates relating to the collectability of accounts receivable and maintain an allowance for estimated losses resulting from the inability of our customers to make required payments. In determining the amount of the reserve, we consider historical levels of credit losses and significant economic developments within the retail environment that could impact the ability of our customers to pay outstanding balances and make judgmentjudgments about the creditworthiness of significant customers based on ongoing credit evaluations. Because we cannot predict future changes in the financial stability of our customers, actual future losses from uncollectible accounts may differ from estimates. If the financial condition of customers were to deteriorate, resulting in their inability to make payments, a larger reserve might be required. In the event we determine a smaller or larger reserve is appropriate, we would record a benefit or charge to selling, general and administrative expense in the
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period in which such a determination was made. As of DecemberMarch 31, 20192023 and 2018,2022, the allowance for doubtful accounts was $15.1$10.8 millionand $22.2$7.1 million, respectively.
Inventory Valuation and Reserves
Inventories consist primarily of finished goods. Costs of finished goods inventories include all costs incurred to bring inventory to its current condition, including inbound freight, duties and other costs. We value our inventory at standard cost which approximates landed cost, using the first-in, first-out method of cost determination. Net realizable value is estimated based upon assumptions made about future demand and retail market conditions. If we determine that the estimated net realizable value of our inventory is less than the carrying value of such inventory, we record a charge to cost of goods sold to reflect the lower of cost or net realizable value. If actual market conditions are less favorable than those that we projected, further adjustments may be required that would increase the cost of goods sold in the period in which such a determination was made. As of March 31, 2023 and 2022, the inventory reserve was$34.8 million and $26.8 million, respectively.
Goodwill, Intangible Assets and Long-Lived Assets
Goodwill and intangible assets are recorded at their estimated fair values at the date of acquisition and are allocated to the reporting units that are expected to receive the related benefits. Goodwill and indefinite lived intangible assets are not amortized and are required to be tested for impairment at least annually or sooner whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that it is more likely than not that the fair value of the reporting unit is less than its carrying amount. In conducting an annual impairment test, we first review qualitative factors to determine whether it is more likely than not that the fair value of the reporting unit is less than its carrying amount. If factors indicate that is the case, we perform the goodwill impairment test. We compare the fair value of the reporting unit with its carrying amount. We estimate fair value using the discounted cash flows model, under the income approach, which indicates the fair value of the reporting unit based on the present value of the cash flows that we expect the reporting unit to generate in the future. Our significant estimates in the discounted cash flows model include: our weighted average cost of capital, long-term rate of growth and profitability of the reporting unit's business, and working capital effects. If the carrying amount of a reporting unit exceeds its fair value, goodwill is impaired to the extent that the carrying value exceeds the fair value of the reporting unit. We perform our annual impairment testing in the fourth quarter of each year.
As of our annual impairment test, in the fourth quarter of 2019, no impairment of goodwill was identified. The fair value of each reporting unit substantially exceeded its carrying value, with the exception of our Latin America reporting unit. The fair value of the Latin America reporting unit exceeded its carrying value by 19%. Holding all other assumptions used in the fair value measurement of the Latin America reporting unit constant, a reduction in the growth rate of revenue by 2.25 percentage points or a reduction in the growth rate of net income by 3.5 percentage points would eliminate the headroom. No events occurred during the period ended December 31, 2019 that indicated it was more likely than not that goodwill was impaired. Refer to Note 5 to the Consolidated Financial Statements for a further discussion of goodwill.
We continually evaluate whether events and circumstances have occurred that indicate the remaining estimated useful life of long-lived assets may warrant revision or that the remaining balance may not be recoverable. These factors may include a significant deterioration of operating results, changes in business plans, or changes in anticipated cash flows. When factors indicate that an asset should be evaluated for possible impairment, we review long-lived assets to assess recoverability from future operations using undiscounted cash flows. If future undiscounted cash flows are less than the carrying value, an impairment is recognized in earnings to the extent that the carrying value exceeds fair value.
Equity Method Investment
In April 2018, we invested ¥4.2 billion or $39.2 million in exchange for an additional 10% common stock ownership in Dome Corporation ("Dome"), our Japanese licensee. This additional investment brought our total investment in Dome's common stock to 29.5%, from 19.5%. We account for our investment in Dome under the equity method, given that we have the ability to exercise significant influence, but not control, over Dome. Investments under the equity method are required to be considered for impairment when events or circumstances suggest that the carrying amount may not be recoverable. If a qualitative assessment indicates that our investment in Dome may be impaired, a quantitative assessment is performed. If the quantitative assessment indicates a decline in value that is determined to be other-than-temporary, an impairment charge would be recognized.
In connection with the preparation of our financial statements for the year ended December 31, 2019, we performed a qualitative assessment of potential impairment indicators for our investment in Dome and determined that indicators of impairment exist. While there was no single event or factor, we considered Dome's future rate of
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growth and profitability and strategic objectives. We performed a valuation of our investment in Dome and determined that the fair value of our investment is less than its carrying value by $39.0 million. We determined this decline in value to be other-than-temporary considering the extent to which the market value of our investment is less than the carrying value, the amount of Dome's indebtedness maturing within a short-term period, and Dome's long-term financial forecast. As a result, we recorded a $39.0 million impairment of our equity method investment in Dome in the fourth quarter of 2019, for the year ended December 31, 2019. The impairment charge was recorded within income (loss) from equity method investment on the consolidated statements of operations and as a reduction to the invested balance within other long term assets on the consolidated balance sheets. We calculate fair value using the discounted cash flows model, which indicates the fair value of the investment based on the present value of the cash flows that we expect the investment to generate in the future.
For the years ended December 31, 2019 and 2018, we recorded the allocable share of Dome’s net loss of $8.7 million and net income of $1.0 million, respectively, within income (loss) from equity method investment on the consolidated statements of operations and as an adjustment to the invested balance within other long term assets on the consolidated balance sheets. As of December 31, 2019 and 2018, the carrying value of our total investment in Dome was $5.1 million and $52.8 million, respectively.
In addition to the investment in Dome, we have a license agreement with Dome. We recorded license revenues from Dome of $37.8 million and $35.6 million for the years ended December 31, 2019 and 2018, respectively. As of December 31, 2019 and 2018, respectively, we have $15.6 million and $13.1 million in licensing receivables outstanding, recorded in the prepaid expenses and other current assets line item within our consolidated balance sheet. To the extent Dome continues to experience challenges in the performance of their business, we may not continue to realize the licensing revenues received from them in line with their past results.
Income Taxes
Income taxes are accounted for under the asset and liability method. Deferred income tax assets and liabilities are established for temporary differences between the financial reporting basis and the tax basis of our assets and liabilities at tax rates expected to be in effect when such assets or liabilities are realized or settled. Deferred income tax assets are reduced by valuation allowances when necessary. We have made the policy election to record any liability associated with Global Intangible Low Taxed Income (“GILTI”) in the period in which it wasis incurred.
Income taxes include the largest amount of tax benefit for an uncertain tax position that is more likely than not to be sustained upon audit based on the technical merits of the tax position. Settlements with tax authorities, the expiration of statutes of limitations for particular tax positions or obtaining new information on particular tax positions may cause a change to the effective tax rate. We recognize accrued interest and penalties related to unrecognized tax benefits in the provision for income taxes on the Consolidated Statement of Operations.
Assessing whether deferred tax assets are realizable requires significant judgment. We consider all available positive and negative evidence, including historical operating performance and expectations of future operating performance. The ultimate realization of deferred tax assets is often dependent upon future taxable income and therefore can be uncertain. To the extent we believe it is more likely than not that all or some portion of the asset will not be realized, valuation allowances are established against our deferred tax assets, which increase income tax expense in the period when such a determination is made.
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A significant portion of our deferred tax assets relate to U.S. federal and state taxing jurisdictions. Realization of these deferred tax assets is dependent on future U.S. pre-tax earnings. In evaluating the recoverability of these deferred tax assets at Decemberas of March 31, 2019,2023, we have considered all available evidence, both positive and negative, including but not limited to the following:
Positive
2019Current year pre-tax income plus tax permanent differences andearnings including positive financial taxable income in the U.S. federal and certain state jurisdictions;jurisdiction.
Three yearPrior three-year cumulative pre-taxpositive financial taxable income plus tax permanent differences in the U.S. federal jurisdiction;jurisdiction.
Forecasted future pre-taxpositive financial taxable income plus tax permanent differences in the U.S. federal and certain state jurisdictions;
No material definite lived tax attributes (excluding capital loss) subject to expiration in the near short term.
No history of U.S. federal and material state tax attributes expiring unused;
Restructuring plans undertaken in 2017, 2018, and being assessed for 2020, which aim to improve future profitability;unused.
Available prudent and feasible tax planning strategies may exist;strategies.
Reversal of deferred tax liabilities and timing thereof.

Negative
Three yearPrior three-year cumulative pre-tax losses plus tax permanent differences in certain state jurisdictions;
Forecasted year over year U.S. revenue declines in 2020 which decrease profitabilityfinancial taxable loss in the U.S. federal and certain state jurisdictions;
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Restructuring plans undertaken in 2017, 2018, and being assessed for 2020, which result in significant one-time charges, which reduce profitability in the U.S. federal and certain state jurisdictions;jurisdictions.
Inherent challenges in forecasting sufficient future U.S. state pre-tax earnings which rely,to overcome existing cumulative losses in part, on improved profitability from our restructuring efforts;prior years.
The continued challenges in the U.S. consumer retail business environment.Existing definite life state attributes related to credits and net operating losses.

As of DecemberMarch 31, 2019,2023, we believe that the weight of the positive evidence outweighs the negative evidence regarding the realization of our U.S. federal deferred tax assets. However, asassets, resulting in the release of Decemberthe corresponding valuation allowances in the fourth quarter of the Fiscal 2023. The release of U.S. federal valuation allowance (excluding capital losses) resulted in a material benefit to income tax expense and net income in the period. As of March 31, 2019,2023, for U.S. states, we believe the weight of the negative evidence outweighscontinues to outweigh the positive evidence regarding the realization of the majority of the state deferred tax assets and have recordedmaintained a valuation allowance against these assets. Our current forecast for the U.S. indicates that there is a possibility that within the next 12 months, sufficient positive evidence may become available to reach a conclusion that a portion of the U.S state valuation allowance will no longer be required. The actualization of these forecasted results may result in a reversal of a portion of previously recorded U.S state valuation allowances in the United States. The release of valuation allowances would result in a benefit to income tax expense in the period the release is recorded. The timing and amount are subject to change based on the actual profitability that we are able to actually achieve in the United States.
As of each reporting date, management considers new evidence, both positive and negative, that could affect its view of the future realization of deferred tax assets. We will continue to evaluate our ability to realize our net deferred tax assets on a quarterly basis.
Income taxes include the largest amount of tax benefit for an uncertain tax position that is more likely than not to be sustained upon audit based on the technical merits of the tax position. Settlements with tax authorities, the expiration of statutes of limitations for particular tax positions or obtaining new information on particular tax positions may cause a change to the effective tax rate. We recognize accrued interest and penalties related to unrecognized tax benefits in the provision for income taxes on the consolidated statements of operations.
Stock-Based Compensation
We account for stock-based compensation in accordance with accounting guidance that requires all stock-based compensation awards granted to employees and directors to be measured at fair value and recognized as an expense in the financial statements. As of December 31, 2019, we had $90.5 million of unrecognized compensation expense expected to be recognized over a weighted average period of 2.43 years. This unrecognized compensation expense does not include any expense related to performance-based restricted stock units and stock options for which the performance targets have not been deemed probable as of December 31, 2019.
The assumptions used in calculating the fair value of stock-based compensation awards represent management’s best estimates, but the estimates involve inherent uncertainties and the application of management judgment. In addition, compensation expense for performance-based awards is recorded over the related service period when achievement of the performance targets is deemed probable, which requires management judgment. Refer to Note 2 and Note 13 to the Consolidated Financial Statements for a further discussion on stock-based compensation.

Recently Issued Accounting StandardsSummary of Significant Account Policies
Refer to Note 2 to theof our Consolidated Financial Statements, included in this Annual Report on Form 10-K, for a summary of our significant accounting policies and our assessment of recently issued accounting standards.


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ITEM 7A.QUANTITATIVE AND QUALITATIVE DISCLOSURE
ITEM 7A. QUANTITATIVE AND QUALITATIVE DISCLOSURES ABOUT MARKET RISK
Foreign Currency and Interest Rate Risk
We are exposed to global market risks, including the effects of changes in foreign currency and interest rates. We use derivative instruments to manage financial exposures that occur in the normal course of business and do not hold or issue derivatives for trading or speculative purposes.
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We may elect to designate certain derivatives as hedging instruments under U.S. GAAP. We formally document all relationships between designated hedging instruments and hedged items, as well as our risk management objectives and strategies for undertaking hedged transactions. This process includes linking all derivatives designated as hedges to forecasted cash flows and assessing, both at inception and on an ongoing basis, the effectiveness of the hedging relationships.
Our foreign exchange risk management program consists of designated cash flow hedges and undesignated hedges. As of DecemberMarch 31, 2019,2023, we had hedge instruments, primarily for British Pound/U.S. Dollar, U.S. Dollar/Chinese Renminbi, Euro/U.S. Dollar, U.S. Dollar/Canadian Dollar, Euro/U.S. Dollar, U.S. Dollar/Mexican Peso and U.S. Dollar/Japanese YenSouth Korean Won currency pairs. All derivatives are recognized on the consolidated balance sheetsConsolidated Balance Sheets at fair value and classified based on the instruments maturity dates. The table below provides information about our foreign currency forward exchange agreements for the currencies listed above and presents the notional amounts and weighted average exchange rates by contractual maturity dates:
Fair Value as of Year EndedFiscal year ending March 31,Fair Value as of
(In thousands)(In thousands)20202021202220232024 and ThereafterTotalDecember 31, 2019December 31, 2018(In thousands)20242025202620272028 and There-afterTotalMarch 31, 2023March 31, 2022December 31, 2021
On-Balance Sheet Financial InstrumentsOn-Balance Sheet Financial InstrumentsOn-Balance Sheet Financial Instruments
USD Functional CurrencyUSD Functional CurrencyUSD Functional Currency
EUREURNotional  $83,749  $21,709  $—  $—  $—  $105,458  $182  $2,360  EURNotional$91,046 $22,218 $— $— $— $113,264 $(3,263)$2,238 $4,447 
Weighted Average Exchange Rate1.15  1.14  1.15  Weighted Average Exchange Rate1.07 1.05 1.07 
GBPGBPNotional  207,673  47,044  —  —  —  254,717  (3,504) 9,476  GBPNotional213,437 43,741 — — — 257,178 6,024 8,764 3,270 
Weighted Average Exchange Rate1.31  1.31  1.31  
JPYNotional  30,564  7,070  —  —  —  37,634  198  33  
Weighted Average Exchange Rate106.64  105.45  106.42  Weighted Average Exchange Rate1.29 1.19 1.27 
CNY Functional CurrencyCNY Functional CurrencyCNY Functional Currency
USDUSDNotional  186,011  29,300  —  —  —  215,311  531  —  USDNotional121,935 35,842 — — — 157,777 2,461 (7,691)(6,090)
Weighted Average Exchange Rate6.97  7.14  6.99  Weighted Average Exchange Rate6.65 6.75 6.67 
CAD Functional CurrencyCAD Functional CurrencyCAD Functional Currency
USDUSDNotional  163,633  31,200  —  —  —  194,833  (2,421) 6,822  USDNotional71,318 32,491 — — — 103,809 3,538 (775)(343)
Weighted Average Exchange Rate1.32  1.32  1.32  Weighted Average Exchange Rate1.29 1.32 1.30 
MXN Functional CurrencyMXN Functional CurrencyMXN Functional Currency
USDUSDNotional  58,276  13,550  —  —  —  71,826  (2,137) 812  USDNotional75,527 15,568 — — — 91,095 (15,271)(2,917)(237)
Weighted Average Exchange Rate20.18  20.79  20.29  Weighted Average Exchange Rate22.00 22.58 22.10 
KRW Functional CurrencyKRW Functional Currency
USDUSDNotional25,561 16,714 — — — 42,275 646 (1,790)— 
Weighted Average Exchange Rate1,234.64 1,310.96 1,264.82 

We currently generate a majority of our consolidated net revenues in the United States, and the reporting currency for our Consolidated Financial Statements is the U.S. dollar. As our net revenues and expenses generated outside of the United States increase, our results of operations could be adversely impacted by changes in foreign currency exchange rates. For example, as we recognize foreign revenues in local foreign currencies and if the U.S. dollar strengthens, it could have a negative impact on our foreign revenues upon translation of those results into the U.S. dollar upon consolidation of our financial statements. In addition, we are exposed to gains and losses resulting from fluctuations in foreign currency exchange rates relating to transactions generated by our international subsidiaries in currencies other than their local currencies. These gains and losses are driven by non-functional currency generated revenue, non-functional currency inventory purchases, investments in U.S. Dollardollar denominated available-for-sale debt securities, and certain other intercompany transactions. As of DecemberMarch 31, 2019,2023, the
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aggregate notional value of our outstanding cash flow hedges was $879.8was $799.7 million, withwith contract maturities ranging from one to twenty-four months.
In order to maintain liquidity and fund business operations, we may enter into long term debt arrangements with various lenders which bear a range of fixed and variable rates of interest. The nature and amount of our long term debt can be expected to vary as a result of future business requirements, market conditions and other factors.
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We may elect to enter into interest rate swap contracts to reduce the impact associated with interest rate fluctuations from time to time. However, as of December 31, 2019, our exposure to interest rate fluctuations was not material to our financial condition or results of operations, as substantially all of our debt is fixed-rate indebtedness and we do not have a material investment portfolio. Our interest rate swap contracts are accounted for as cash flow hedges. As of December 31, 2019, we had no outstanding interest rate swap contracts.
For contracts designated as cash flow hedges, the changes in fair value are reported as other comprehensive income and are recognized in current earnings in the period or periods during which the hedged transaction affects current earnings. One of the criteria for this accounting treatment is the notional value of these derivative contracts should not be in excess of specifically identified anticipated transactions. By their very nature, our estimates of the anticipated transactions may fluctuate over time and may ultimately vary from actual transactions. When anticipated transaction estimates or actual transaction amounts decline below hedged levels, or if it is no longer probable a forecasted transaction will occur by the end of the originally specified time period or within an additional two-month period of time, we are required to reclassify the cumulative change in fair value of the over-hedged portion of the related hedge contract from Other comprehensive income (loss) to Other expense, net during the period in which the decrease occurs.
We enter into derivative contracts with major financial institutions with investment grade credit ratings and are exposed to credit losses in the event of non-performance by these financial institutions. This credit risk is generally limited to the unrealized gains in the derivative contracts. However, we monitor the credit quality of these financial institutions and consider the risk of counterparty default to be minimal. Although we have entered into foreign currency contracts to minimize some of the impact of foreign currency exchange rate fluctuations on future cash flows, we cannot be assured that foreign currency exchange rate fluctuations will not have a material adverse impact on our financial condition and results of operations.
Credit Risk
We are exposed to credit risk primarily on our accounts receivable. We provide credit to customers in the ordinary course of business and perform ongoing credit evaluations. We believe that our exposure to concentrations of credit risk with respect to trade receivables is largely mitigated by our customer base. We believe that our allowance for doubtful accounts is sufficient to cover customer credit risks as of DecemberMarch 31, 2019.2023. Refer to "Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations - Critical Accounting Policies and Estimates - Allowance for Doubtful Accounts" for a further discussion on our policies.
Inflation
Inflationary factors such as increases in the cost of our productpressures have and overhead costs may continue to adversely affect our operating results. Although we do not believe that inflation has had a material impactWe continue to monitor these factors and the potential impacts they may have on our financial position or results, of operations in recent periods, a high rate of inflation in the future may have an adverse effectincluding product input costs, freight costs and consumer discretionary spending and therefore consumer demand on our ability to maintain current levelsproducts. See our "Risk Factors—Economic and Industry Risks—Our business depends on consumer purchases of gross margindiscretionary items, which can be negatively impacted during an economic downturn or periods of inflation. This could materially impact our sales, profitability and selling, general and administrative expenses as a percentagefinancial condition" included in Item 1A of net revenues if the selling prices of our products do not increase with these increased costs.

this Annual Report on Form 10-K.

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ITEM 8.FINANCIAL STATEMENTS AND SUPPLEMENTARY DATA
ITEM 8. FINANCIAL STATEMENTS AND SUPPLEMENTARY DATA
Report of Management on Internal Control Over Financial Reporting
Management is responsible for establishing and maintaining adequate internal control over financial reporting for the Company. We conducted an evaluation of the effectiveness of our internal control over financial reporting based on the framework in Internal Control—Integrated Framework issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission (COSO) in 2013. This evaluation included review of the documentation of controls, evaluation of the design effectiveness of controls, testing of the operating effectiveness of controls and a conclusion on this evaluation. Based on our evaluation, we have concluded that our internal control over financial reporting was effective as of DecemberMarch 31, 2019.2023.
The effectiveness of our internal control over financial reporting as of DecemberMarch 31, 2019,2023, has been audited by PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP, an independent registered public accounting firm, as stated in their report which appears herein.
/s/ PSTEPHANIE C. LINNARTZATRIK FRISK
President and Chief Executive Officer and President
Patrik FriskStephanie C. Linnartz  
/s/ DAVIDDAVID E. BBERGMANERGMAN
  Chief Financial Officer
David E. Bergman
Dated: May 24, 2023
Dated: February 26, 2020

5146



Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm

To the Board of Directors and Stockholders of Under Armour, Inc.:

Opinions on the Financial Statements and Internal Control over Financial Reporting
We have audited the accompanying consolidated balance sheets of Under Armour, Inc. and its subsidiaries(the (the “Company”) as of March 31, 2023, March 31, 2022 and December 31, 2019 and 20182021, and the related consolidated statements of operations, of comprehensive income (loss), stockholders’of stockholders' equity and of cash flows for each ofthe year ended March 31, 2023, for the three years inmonths ended March 31, 2022 and for the periodyears ended December 31, 2019,2021 and 2020, including the related notes and schedule of valuation and qualifying accounts for each ofthe year ended March 31, 2023, for the three years inmonths ended March 31, 2022 and for the periodyears ended December 31, 20192021 and 2020 listed in the index appearing under Item 15(a)(2) (collectively referred to as the “consolidated financial statements”).We also have audited the Company's internal control over financial reporting as of DecemberMarch 31, 2019,2023, based on criteria established in Internal Control - Integrated Framework(2013)issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission (COSO).
In our opinion, the consolidated financial statements referred to above present fairly, in all material respects, the financial position of the Company as of March 31, 2023, March 31, 2022 and December 31, 2019 and 2018,2021, and the results of its operations and its cash flows for each ofthe year ended March 31, 2023, for the three years inmonths ended March 31, 2022 and for the periodyears ended December 31, 20192021 and 2020 in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America. Also in our opinion, the Company maintained, in all material respects, effective internal control over financial reporting as of DecemberMarch 31, 2019,2023, based on criteria established in Internal Control - Integrated Framework(2013)issued by the COSO.

Changes in Accounting Principles
As discussed in Note 2 to the consolidated financial statements, the Company changed the manner in which it accounts for its leases in 2019 and the manner in which it accounts for revenues from contracts with customers in 2018.

Basis for Opinions
The Company's management is responsible for these consolidated financial statements, for maintaining effective internal control over financial reporting, and for its assessment of the effectiveness of internal control over financial reporting, included in the accompanying Report of Management on Internal Control Overover Financial Reporting. Our responsibility is to express opinions on the Company’s consolidatedfinancial statements and on the Company's internal control over financial reporting based on our audits. We are a public accounting firm registered with the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States) (PCAOB) and are required to be independent with respect to the Company in accordance with the U.S. federal securities laws and the applicable rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission and the PCAOB.
We conducted our audits in accordance with the standards of the PCAOB. Those standards require that we plan and perform the audits to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the consolidated financial statements are free of material misstatement, whether due to error or fraud, and whether effective internal control over financial reporting was maintained in all material respects.
Our audits of the consolidated financial statements included performing procedures to assess the risks of material misstatement of the consolidatedfinancial statements, whether due to error or fraud, and performing procedures that respond to those risks. Such procedures included examining, on a test basis, evidence regarding the amounts and disclosures in the consolidated financial statements. Our audits also included evaluating the accounting principles used and significant estimates made by management, as well as evaluating the overall presentation of the consolidated financial statements. Our audit of internal control over financial reporting included obtaining an understanding of internal control over financial reporting, assessing the risk that a material weakness exists, and testing and evaluating the design and operating effectiveness of internal control based on the assessed risk. Our audits also included performing such other procedures as we considered necessary in the circumstances. We believe that our audits provide a reasonable basis for our opinions.

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Definition and Limitations of Internal Control over Financial Reporting
A company’s internal control over financial reporting is a process designed to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles. A company’s internal control over financial reporting includes those policies and procedures that (i) pertain to the maintenance of records that, in reasonable detail,
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accurately and fairly reflect the transactions and dispositions of the assets of the company; (ii) provide reasonable assurance that transactions are recorded as necessary to permit preparation of financial statements in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles, and that receipts and expenditures of the company are being made only in accordance with authorizations of management and directors of the company; and (iii) provide reasonable assurance regarding prevention or timely detection of unauthorized acquisition, use, or disposition of the company’s assets that could have a material effect on the financial statements.
Because of its inherent limitations, internal control over financial reporting may not prevent or detect misstatements. Also, projections of any evaluation of effectiveness to future periods are subject to the risk that controls may become inadequate because of changes in conditions, or that the degree of compliance with the policies or procedures may deteriorate.

Critical Audit Matters
The critical audit mattersmatter communicated below are mattersis a matter arising from the current period audit of the consolidated financial statements that werewas communicated or required to be communicated to the audit committee and that (i) relaterelates to accounts or disclosures that are material to the consolidated financial statements and (ii) involved our especially challenging, subjective, or complex judgments. The communication of critical audit matters does not alter in any way our opinion on the consolidated financial statements, taken as a whole, and we are not, by communicating the critical audit mattersmatter below, providing a separate opinionsopinion on the critical audit mattersmatter or on the accounts or disclosures to which they relate.

Goodwill Impairment Assessment – Latin America Reporting Unit
As described in Notes 2 and 5 to the consolidated financial statements, the Company’s consolidated goodwill balance was $550.2 million as of December 31, 2019, and the goodwill associated with the Latin America reporting unit was $46.7 million. Management conducts an impairment test at least annually in the fourth quarter or sooner if events or changes in circumstances indicate that it is more likely than not that the fair value of the reporting unit is less than its carrying amount. Management estimates fair value of the reporting unit using the discounted cash flow model under the income approach, which indicates the fair value of the reporting unit based on the present value of the cash flows that management expects the reporting unit to generate in the future. Management’s significant estimates in the discounted cash flows model include the Company's weighted average cost of capital, long-term rate of growth and profitability of the reporting unit’s business, and working capital effects. If the carrying amount of a reporting unit exceeds its fair value, goodwill is impaired to the extent that the carrying value exceeds the fair value of the reporting unit.
The principal considerations for our determination that performing procedures relating to the goodwill impairment assessment of the Latin America reporting unit is a critical audit matter are there was significant judgment by management when developing the fair value measurement of the reporting unit, which in turn led to a high degree of auditor judgment, effort, and subjectivity in performing procedures and evaluating significant assumptions, including the Company’s long-term rate of growth and profitability. In addition, the audit effort involved the use of professionals with specialized skill and knowledge to assist in performing these procedures and evaluating the audit evidence obtained.
Addressing the matter involved performing procedures and evaluating audit evidence in connection with forming our overall opinion on the consolidated financial statements. These procedures included testing the effectiveness of controls relating to management’s goodwill impairment test, including controls over the valuation of the Company’s reporting units. These procedures also included, among others, testing management’s process for developing the fair value estimate; evaluating the appropriateness of the discounted cash flow model; testing the completeness, accuracy, and relevance of the underlying data used in the model; and evaluating the reasonableness of significant assumptions, including the long-term rate of growth and profitability. Evaluating management’s assumptions related to the long-term rate of growth and profitability involved evaluating management’s ability to execute on future growth strategies and evaluating whether the assumptions used were reasonable considering (i) the current and past performance of the reporting unit, (ii) the consistency with external market and industry data, and (iii) whether these
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assumptions were consistent with evidence obtained in other areas of the audit. Professionals with specialized skill and knowledge were used to assist in the evaluation of the Company’s discounted cash flow model and certain assumptions, including the Company’s weighted average cost of capital.

relates.
Reserve for Customer Returns
As described in Note 2 to the consolidated financial statements, the Company recorded $219.4$160.5 million as of DecemberMarch 31, 20192023 in reserves for returns, allowances, markdowns and discounts within customer refund liability. Management bases its estimates of the reserve for customer returns on historical rates of customer returns and allowances as well as the specific identification of outstanding returns, markdowns and allowances that have not yet been received by the Company.
The principal considerations for our determination that performing procedures relating to the reserve for customer returns is a critical audit matter are there was(i) the significant judgment by management in estimatingdeveloping the estimate of reserve for customer returns, reserve, which in turn led toand (ii) a high degree of auditor judgment, effort,subjectivity, and subjectivityeffort in performing procedures and evaluating themanagement’s significant assumptions used in developing the estimate, includingassumption related to the amount of outstanding returns that have not yet been received by the Company.
Addressing the matter involved performing procedures and evaluating audit evidence in connection with forming our overall opinion on the consolidated financial statements. These procedures included testing the effectiveness of controls relating to management’s estimate of the estimation of management’sreserve for customer returns, reserve, including the assumption related to the outstanding returns that have not yet been received by the Company. These procedures also included, among others, testing management’s process for developing the customer returns reserve; evaluating the appropriateness of the method; testing the completeness, accuracy, and relevance of underlying data used in the estimate; and evaluating the reasonableness of management’s significant assumptions, includingassumption related to the amount of outstanding returns that have not yet been received by the Company. Evaluating management’s significant assumption related to outstanding returns that have not yet been received by the Company involved evaluating whether the assumption used by management was reasonable considering (i) historical rates of customer returns,returns; (ii) specific identification of outstanding returns,returns; and (iii) whether these assumptions were consistent with evidence obtained in other areas of the audit.


/s/ PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP
Baltimore, Maryland
February 26, 2020May 24, 2023

We have served as the Company’sCompany's auditor since 2003.


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Under Armour, Inc. and Subsidiaries
Consolidated Balance Sheets
(In thousands, except share data)
March 31,
2023
March 31,
2022
December 31,
2021
Assets
Current assets
Cash and cash equivalents$711,910 $1,009,139 $1,669,453 
       Accounts receivable, net (Note 3)759,860 702,197 569,014 
Inventories1,190,253 824,455 811,410 
Prepaid expenses and other current assets, net297,563 297,034 286,422 
Total current assets2,959,586 2,832,825 3,336,299 
Property and equipment, net (Note 4)672,736 601,365 607,226 
Operating lease right-of-use assets (Note 5)489,306 420,397 448,364 
Goodwill (Note 6)481,992 491,508 495,215 
Intangible assets, net (Note 7)8,940 10,580 11,010 
Deferred income taxes (Note 17)186,167 20,141 17,812 
Other long-term assets58,356 76,016 75,470 
Total assets$4,857,083 $4,452,832 $4,991,396 
Liabilities and Stockholders' Equity
Current liabilities
Accounts payable$649,116 $560,331 $613,307 
Accrued expenses354,643 317,963 460,165 
Customer refund liabilities (Note 11)160,533 159,628 164,294 
Operating lease liabilities (Note 5)140,990 134,833 138,664 
Other current liabilities51,609 125,840 73,746 
Total current liabilities1,356,891 1,298,595 1,450,176 
Long term debt, net of current maturities (Note 8)674,478 672,286 662,531 
Operating lease liabilities, non-current (Note 5)705,713 668,983 703,111 
Other long-term liabilities121,598 84,014 86,584 
Total liabilities2,858,680 2,723,878 2,902,402 
Stockholders' equity (Note 10)
Class A Common Stock, $0.0003 1/3 par value; 400,000,000 shares authorized as of March 31, 2023, March 31, 2022 and December 31, 2021; 188,704,689 shares issued and outstanding as of March 31, 2023 (March 31, 2022: 188,668,560 and December 31, 2021: 188,650,987)63 63 63 
Class B Convertible Common Stock, $0.0003 1/3 par value; 34,450,000 shares authorized, issued and outstanding as of March 31, 2023, March 31, 2022 and December 31, 202111 11 11 
Class C Common Stock, $0.0003 1/3 par value; 400,000,000 shares authorized as of March 31, 2023, March 31, 2022 and December 31, 2021; 221,346,517 shares issued and outstanding as of March 31, 2023 (March 31, 2022: 238,472,217 and December 31, 2021: 253,161,064)73 79 84 
Additional paid-in capital1,136,536 1,046,961 1,108,613 
Retained earnings929,562 721,926 1,027,833 
Accumulated other comprehensive income (loss)(67,842)(40,086)(47,610)
Total stockholders' equity1,998,403 1,728,954 2,088,994 
Total liabilities and stockholders' equity$4,857,083 $4,452,832 $4,991,396 
December 31, 2019December 31, 2018
Assets
Current assets
Cash and cash equivalents$788,072  $557,403  
Accounts receivable, net708,714  652,546  
Inventories892,258  1,019,496  
Prepaid expenses and other current assets313,165  364,183  
Total current assets2,702,209  2,593,628  
Property and equipment, net792,148  826,868  
Operating lease right-of-use assets591,931  —  
Goodwill550,178  546,494  
Intangible assets, net36,345  41,793  
Deferred income taxes82,379  112,420  
Other long term assets88,341  123,819  
Total assets$4,843,531  $4,245,022  
Liabilities and Stockholders’ Equity
Current liabilities
Accounts payable$618,194  $560,884  
Accrued expenses374,694  340,415  
Customer refund liabilities219,424  301,421  
Operating lease liabilities125,900  —  
Current maturities of long term debt—  25,000  
Other current liabilities83,797  88,257  
Total current liabilities1,422,009  1,315,977  
Long term debt, net of current maturities592,687  703,834  
Operating lease liabilities, non-current580,635  —  
Other long term liabilities98,113  208,340  
Total liabilities2,693,444  2,228,151  
Commitments and contingencies (see Note 8)
Stockholders’ equity
Class A Common Stock, $0.0003 1/3 par value; 400,000,000 shares authorized as of December 31, 2019 and 2018; 188,289,680 shares issued and outstanding as of December 31, 2019, and 187,710,319 shares issued and outstanding as of December 31, 2018.62  62  
Class B Convertible Common Stock, $0.0003 1/3 par value; 34,450,000 shares authorized, issued and outstanding as of December 31, 2019 and 2018.11  11  
Class C Common Stock, $0.0003 1/3 par value; 400,000,000 shares authorized as of December 31, 2019 and 2018; 229,027,730 shares issued and outstanding as of December 31, 2019, and 226,421,963 shares issued and outstanding as of December 31, 2018.76  75  
Additional paid-in capital973,717  916,628  
Retained earnings1,226,986  1,139,082  
Accumulated other comprehensive loss(50,765) (38,987) 
Total stockholders’ equity2,150,087  2,016,871  
Total liabilities and stockholders’ equity$4,843,531  $4,245,022  
Commitments and Contingencies (Note 9)
Related Party Transactions (Note 20)

See accompanying notes.
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Under Armour, Inc. and Subsidiaries
Consolidated Statements of Operations
(In thousands, except per share amounts)
Year Ended December 31,
201920182017 Year Ended March 31, 2023Three Months Ended
March 31, 2022
(Transition Period)
Year Ended December 31, 2021Year Ended December 31, 2020
Net revenuesNet revenues$5,267,132  $5,193,185  $4,989,244  Net revenues$5,903,636 $1,300,945 $5,683,466 $4,474,667 
Cost of goods soldCost of goods sold2,796,599  2,852,714  2,737,830  Cost of goods sold3,254,296 695,781 2,821,967 2,314,572 
Gross profitGross profit2,470,533  2,340,471  2,251,414  Gross profit2,649,340 605,164 2,861,499 2,160,095 
Selling, general and administrative expensesSelling, general and administrative expenses2,233,763  2,182,339  2,099,522  Selling, general and administrative expenses2,365,529 594,446 2,334,691 2,171,934 
Restructuring and impairment chargesRestructuring and impairment charges—  183,149  124,049  Restructuring and impairment charges— 56,674 40,518 601,599 
Income (loss) from operationsIncome (loss) from operations236,770  (25,017) 27,843  Income (loss) from operations283,811 (45,956)486,290 (613,438)
Interest expense, net(21,240) (33,568) (34,538) 
Other expense, net(5,688) (9,203) (3,614) 
Interest income (expense), netInterest income (expense), net(12,826)(6,154)(44,300)(47,259)
Other income (expense), netOther income (expense), net16,780 (51)(51,113)168,153 
Income (loss) before income taxesIncome (loss) before income taxes209,842  (67,788) (10,309) Income (loss) before income taxes287,765 (52,161)390,877 (492,544)
Income tax expense (benefit)Income tax expense (benefit)70,024  (20,552) 37,951  Income tax expense (benefit)(101,046)8,181 32,072 49,387 
Income (loss) from equity method investment(47,679) 934  —  
Income (loss) from equity method investmentsIncome (loss) from equity method investments(2,042)732 1,255 (7,246)
Net income (loss)Net income (loss)$92,139  $(46,302) $(48,260) Net income (loss)$386,769 $(59,610)$360,060 $(549,177)
Basic net income (loss) per share of Class A, B and C common stock$0.20  $(0.10) $(0.11) 
Diluted net income (loss) per share of Class A, B and C common stock$0.20  $(0.10) $(0.11) 
Basic net income (loss) per share of Class A, B and C common stock (Note 18)Basic net income (loss) per share of Class A, B and C common stock (Note 18)$0.86 $(0.13)$0.77 $(1.21)
Diluted net income (loss) per share of Class A, B and C common stock (Note 18)Diluted net income (loss) per share of Class A, B and C common stock (Note 18)$0.84 $(0.13)$0.77 $(1.21)
Weighted average common shares outstanding Class A, B and C common stockWeighted average common shares outstanding Class A, B and C common stockWeighted average common shares outstanding Class A, B and C common stock
BasicBasic450,964  445,815  440,729  Basic451,426 471,425 465,504 454,089 
DilutedDiluted454,274  445,815  440,729  Diluted461,509 471,425 468,644 454,089 
See accompanying notes.
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Under Armour, Inc. and Subsidiaries
Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income (Loss)
(In thousands)
Year Ended December 31, Year Ended March 31, 2023Three Months Ended
March 31, 2022
(Transition Period)
Year Ended December 31, 2021Year Ended December 31, 2020
201920182017
Net income (loss)Net income (loss)$92,139  $(46,302) $(48,260) Net income (loss)$386,769 $(59,610)$360,060 $(549,177)
Other comprehensive income (loss):Other comprehensive income (loss):Other comprehensive income (loss):
Foreign currency translation adjustmentForeign currency translation adjustment10,754  (18,535) 23,357  Foreign currency translation adjustment(10,402)7,045 (6,552)(5,060)
Unrealized gain (loss) on cash flow hedge, net of tax benefit (expense) of $7,798, $(7,936), and $5,668 for the years ended December 31, 2019, 2018, and 2017, respectively.(21,646) 22,800  (16,624) 
Loss on intra-entity foreign currency transactions(886) (5,041) 7,199  
Unrealized gain (loss) on cash flow hedges, net of tax benefit (expense) of $6,241, $(909), $(5,725) and $1,791 for the year ended March 31, 2023, three months ended March 31, 2022 and years ended December 31, 2021, 2020, respectively.Unrealized gain (loss) on cash flow hedges, net of tax benefit (expense) of $6,241, $(909), $(5,725) and $1,791 for the year ended March 31, 2023, three months ended March 31, 2022 and years ended December 31, 2021, 2020, respectively.1,473 758 18,603 (18,075)
Gain (loss) on intra-entity foreign currency transactionsGain (loss) on intra-entity foreign currency transactions(18,827)(279)(476)14,715 
Total other comprehensive income (loss)Total other comprehensive income (loss)(11,778) (776) 13,932  Total other comprehensive income (loss)(27,756)7,524 11,575 (8,420)
Comprehensive income (loss)Comprehensive income (loss)$80,361  $(47,078) $(34,328) Comprehensive income (loss)$359,013 $(52,086)$371,635 $(557,597)
See accompanying notes.
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Under Armour, Inc. and Subsidiaries
Consolidated Statements of Stockholders’Stockholders' Equity
(In thousands)
Class A
Common Stock
Class B
Convertible
Common Stock
Class C
Common Stock
Additional Paid-in-CapitalRetained
Earnings
Accumulated Other Comprehensive IncomeTotal
Equity
Class A
Common Stock
Class B
Convertible
Common Stock
Class C
Common Stock
Additional Paid-in-CapitalRetained
Earnings
Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss)Total
Equity
SharesAmountSharesAmountSharesAmountSharesAmountSharesAmountSharesAmountTotal
Equity
Balance as of December 31, 2016183,815  61  34,450  11  220,174  73  823,484  1,259,414  (52,143) $2,030,900  
Balance as of December 31, 2019Balance as of December 31, 2019188,290 $62 34,450 $11 229,028 $76 $973,717 $1,226,986 $(50,765)$2,150,087 
Exercise of stock optionsExercise of stock options609  —  —  —  556  —  3,664  —  —  3,664  Exercise of stock options148 — — — 136 — 517 — — 517 
Shares withheld in consideration of employee tax obligations relative to stock-based compensation arrangementsShares withheld in consideration of employee tax obligations relative to stock-based compensation arrangements(65) —  —  —  (78) —  —  (2,781) —  (2,781) Shares withheld in consideration of employee tax obligations relative to stock-based compensation arrangements(1)— — — (262)— — (3,954)— (3,954)
Issuance of Class A Common Stock, net of forfeituresIssuance of Class A Common Stock, net of forfeitures898  —  —  —  —  —  —  —  —  —  Issuance of Class A Common Stock, net of forfeitures166 — — — — — — — — — 
Issuance of Class C Common Stock, net of forfeituresIssuance of Class C Common Stock, net of forfeitures—  —  —  —  1,723   7,852  —  —  7,853  Issuance of Class C Common Stock, net of forfeitures— — — — 3,052 4,225 — — 4,226 
Impact of adoption of accounting standard updates—  —  —  —  —  —  (2,666) (23,932) —  (26,598) 
Equity component value of convertible note issuance, netEquity component value of convertible note issuance, net— — — — — — 40,644 — — 40,644 
Stock-based compensation expenseStock-based compensation expense—  —  —  —  —  —  39,932  —  —  39,932  Stock-based compensation expense— — — — — — 42,070 — — 42,070 
Comprehensive income (loss)Comprehensive income (loss)—  —  —  —  —  —  —  (48,260) 13,932  (34,328) Comprehensive income (loss)— — — — — — — (549,177)(8,420)(557,597)
Balance as of December 31, 2017185,257  $61  34,450  $11  222,375  $74  $872,266  $1,184,441  $(38,211) $2,018,642  
Exercise of stock options and warrants2,084   —  —  2,127  —  6,747  —  —  6,748  
Shares withheld in consideration of employee tax obligations relative to stock-based compensation arrangements(23) —  —  —  (140) —  —  (2,564) —  (2,564) 
Issuance of Class A Common Stock, net of forfeitures392  —  —  —  —  —  —  —  —  —  
Issuance of Class C Common Stock, net of forfeitures—  —  —  —  2,060   (4,168) —  —  (4,167) 
Impact of adoption of accounting standard updates—  —  —  —  —  —  —  3,507  —  3,507  
Stock-based compensation expense—  —  —  —  —  —  41,783  —  —  41,783  
Comprehensive loss—  —  —  —  —  —  —  (46,302) (776) (47,078) 
Balance as of December 31, 2018187,710  $62  34,450  $11  226,422  $75  $916,628  $1,139,082  $(38,987) $2,016,871  
Balance as of December 31, 2020Balance as of December 31, 2020188,603 $62 34,450 $11 231,954 $77 $1,061,173 $673,855 $(59,185)$1,675,993 
Exercise of stock optionsExercise of stock options441  —  —  —  293  —  2,101  —  —  2,101  Exercise of stock options— — — — 23 — — 23 
Shares withheld in consideration of employee tax obligations relative to stock-based compensation arrangementsShares withheld in consideration of employee tax obligations relative to stock-based compensation arrangements(15) —  —  —  (227) —  —  (4,235) —  (4,235) Shares withheld in consideration of employee tax obligations relative to stock-based compensation arrangements— — — — (291)— — (6,082)— (6,082)
Issuance of Class A Common Stock, net of forfeituresIssuance of Class A Common Stock, net of forfeitures154  —  —  —  —  —  —  —  —  —  Issuance of Class A Common Stock, net of forfeitures42 — — — — — — — 
Issuance of Class C Common Stock, net of forfeituresIssuance of Class C Common Stock, net of forfeitures—  —  —  —  2,540   5,370  —  —  5,371  Issuance of Class C Common Stock, net of forfeitures— — — — 21,491 3,623 — — 3,630 
Stock-based compensation expenseStock-based compensation expense—  —  —  —  —  —  49,618  —  —  49,618  Stock-based compensation expense— — — — — — 43,794 — — 43,794 
Comprehensive income (loss)Comprehensive income (loss)—  —  —  —  —  —  —  92,139  (11,778) 80,361  Comprehensive income (loss)— — — — — — — 360,060 11,575 371,635 
Balance as of December 31, 2019188,290  $62  34,450  $11  229,028  $76  $973,717  $1,226,986  $(50,765) $2,150,087  
Balance as of December 31, 2021Balance as of December 31, 2021188,651 $63 34,450 $11 253,161 $84 $1,108,613 $1,027,833 $(47,610)$2,088,994 
Adoption of ASU 2020-06Adoption of ASU 2020-06— — — — — — (14,351)5,144 — (9,207)
Shares withheld in consideration of employee tax obligations relative to stock-based compensation arrangementsShares withheld in consideration of employee tax obligations relative to stock-based compensation arrangements— — — — — — — (11,446)— (11,446)
Class C Common Stock repurchasedClass C Common Stock repurchased— — — — (16,151)(5)(60,000)(239,995)— (300,000)
Issuance of Class A Common Stock, net of forfeituresIssuance of Class A Common Stock, net of forfeitures18 — — — — — — — — — 
Issuance of Class C Common Stock, net of forfeituresIssuance of Class C Common Stock, net of forfeitures— — — — 1,462 — 935 — — 935 
Stock-based compensation expenseStock-based compensation expense— — — — — — 11,764 — — 11,764 
Comprehensive income (loss)Comprehensive income (loss)— — — — — — — (59,610)7,524 (52,086)
Balance as of March 31, 2022Balance as of March 31, 2022188,669 $63 34,450 $11 238,472 $79 $1,046,961 $721,926 $(40,086)$1,728,954 
Exercise of stock optionsExercise of stock options— — — — — — — — — — 
Shares withheld in consideration of employee tax obligations relative to stock-based compensation arrangementsShares withheld in consideration of employee tax obligations relative to stock-based compensation arrangements— — — — — — — (5,151)— (5,151)
Class C Common Stock repurchasedClass C Common Stock repurchased— — — — (18,725)(6)48,988 (173,982)— (125,000)
Issuance of Class A Common Stock, net of forfeituresIssuance of Class A Common Stock, net of forfeitures36 — — — — — — — — — 
Issuance of Class C Common Stock, net of forfeituresIssuance of Class C Common Stock, net of forfeitures— — — — 1,600 — 3,776 — — 3,776 
Stock-based compensation expenseStock-based compensation expense— — — — — — 36,811 — — 36,811 
Comprehensive income (loss)Comprehensive income (loss)— — — — — — — 386,769 (27,756)359,013 
Balance as of March 31, 2023Balance as of March 31, 2023188,705 $63 34,450 $11 221,347 $73 $1,136,536 $929,562 $(67,842)$1,998,403 
See accompanying notes.
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Under Armour, Inc. and Subsidiaries
Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows
(In thousands)
 Year Ended March 31, 2023Three Months Ended
March 31, 2022
(Transition Period)
Year Ended December 31, 2021Year Ended December 31, 2020
Cash flows from operating activities
Net income (loss)$386,769 $(59,610)$360,060 $(549,177)
Adjustments to reconcile net income (loss) to net cash provided by (used in) operating activities
Depreciation and amortization137,620 34,960 141,144 164,984 
Unrealized foreign currency exchange rate (gain) loss(8,463)(8,585)18,877 (9,295)
Loss on extinguishment of senior convertible notes— — 58,526 — 
Loss on disposal of property and equipment2,619 1,604 4,468 3,740 
Gain on sale of the MyFitnessPal platform— — — (179,318)
Non-cash restructuring and impairment charges1,959 (1,871)26,938 470,543 
Amortization of bond premium and debt issuance costs2,192 549 16,891 12,070 
Stock-based compensation36,811 11,764 43,794 42,070 
Deferred income taxes(152,403)(2,500)(2,642)43,992 
Changes in reserves and allowances11,696 (5,250)(25,766)10,347 
Changes in operating assets and liabilities:
Accounts receivable(62,162)(131,988)(31,153)167,614 
Inventories(373,714)(6,425)93,287 15,306 
Prepaid expenses and other assets(36,652)(4,326)10,224 18,603 
Other non-current assets(52,795)27,628 79,782 (259,735)
Accounts payable77,558 (54,970)26,027 (40,673)
Accrued expenses and other liabilities12,081 (122,589)(114,794)318,532 
Customer refund liability851 (4,398)(38,861)(19,250)
Income taxes payable and receivable6,119 4,564 (1,973)2,511 
Net cash provided by (used in) operating activities(9,914)(321,443)664,829 212,864 
Cash flows from investing activities
Purchases of property and equipment(187,796)(39,923)(69,759)(92,291)
Sale of property and equipment— — 1,413 — 
Earn-out from the sale of MyFitnessPal platform35,000 — — — 
Sale of MyFitnessPal platform— — — 198,916 
Purchase of businesses— — — (40,280)
Net cash provided by (used in) investing activities(152,796)(39,923)(68,346)66,345 
Cash flows from financing activities
Proceeds from long-term debt and revolving credit facility— — — 1,288,753 
Payments on long-term debt and revolving credit facility— — (506,280)(800,000)
Proceeds from capped call— — 91,722 — 
Purchase of capped call— — — (47,850)
Common shares repurchased(125,000)(300,000)— — 
Employee taxes paid for shares withheld for income taxes(5,151)(11,446)(5,983)(3,675)
Proceeds from exercise of stock options and other stock issuances3,776 934 3,688 4,744 
Payments of debt financing costs— — (1,884)(5,219)
Other financing fees— — — 100 
Net cash provided by (used in) financing activities(126,375)(310,512)(418,737)436,853 
Effect of exchange rate changes on cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash(5,315)11,134 (23,391)16,445 
Net increase (decrease) in cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash(294,400)(660,744)154,355 732,507 
Cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash
Beginning of period1,022,126 1,682,870 1,528,515 796,008 
End of period$727,726 $1,022,126 $1,682,870 $1,528,515 

 Year Ended December 31,
 201920182017
Cash flows from operating activities
Net income (loss)$92,139  $(46,302) $(48,260) 
Adjustments to reconcile net income (loss) to net cash provided by operating activities
Depreciation and amortization186,425  181,768  173,747  
Unrealized foreign currency exchange rate gain (loss)(2,073) 14,023  (29,247) 
Impairment charges39,000  9,893  71,378  
Amortization of bond premium254  254  254  
Loss on disposal of property and equipment4,640  4,256  2,313  
Stock-based compensation49,618  41,783  39,932  
Excess tax benefit (loss) from stock-based compensation arrangements—  —  (75) 
Deferred income taxes38,132  (38,544) 55,910  
Changes in reserves and allowances(26,096) (234,998) 108,757  
Changes in operating assets and liabilities:
Accounts receivable(45,450) 186,834  (79,106) 
Inventories149,519  109,919  (222,391) 
Prepaid expenses and other assets24,334  (107,855) (52,106) 
Other non-current assets19,966  —  —  
Accounts payable59,458  26,413  145,695  
Accrued expenses and other liabilities(18,987) 134,594  109,823  
Customer refund liability(80,710) 305,141  —  
Income taxes payable and receivable18,862  41,051  (39,164) 
Net cash provided by operating activities509,031  628,230  237,460  
Cash flows from investing activities
Purchases of property and equipment(145,802) (170,385) (281,339) 
Sale of property and equipment—  11,285  —  
Purchase of equity method investment—  (39,207) —  
Purchases of other assets(1,311) (4,597) (1,648) 
Net cash (used in) provided by investing activities(147,113) (202,904) (282,987) 
Cash flows from financing activities
Proceeds from long term debt and revolving credit facility25,000  505,000  763,000  
Payments on long term debt and revolving credit facility(162,817) (695,000) (665,000) 
Employee taxes paid for shares withheld for income taxes(4,235) (2,743) (2,781) 
Proceeds from exercise of stock options and other stock issuances7,472  2,580  11,540  
Other financing fees63  306  —  
Payments of debt financing costs(2,553) (11) —  
Net cash used in financing activities(137,070) (189,868) 106,759  
Effect of exchange rate changes on cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash5,100  12,467  4,178  
Net increase in cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash229,948  247,925  65,410  
Cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash
Beginning of period566,060  318,135  252,725  
End of period$796,008  $566,060  $318,135  
Non-cash investing and financing activities
Change in accrual for property and equipment$(8,084) $(14,611) $10,580  
Other supplemental information
Cash paid (received) for income taxes, net of refunds23,352  (16,738) 36,921  
Cash paid for interest, net of capitalized interest18,031  28,586  29,750  
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Under Armour, Inc. and Subsidiaries
Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows
(In thousands)
 Year Ended March 31, 2023Three Months Ended
March 31, 2022
(Transition Period)
Year Ended December 31, 2021Year Ended December 31, 2020
Non-cash investing and financing activities
Change in accrual for property and equipment$7,581 $(23,533)$19,214 $(13,875)
Other supplemental information
Cash paid (received) for income taxes, net of refunds$28,542 $6,851 $42,623 $24,443 
Cash paid (received) for interest, net of capitalized interest$19,218 $7,120 $25,226 $28,626 

Reconciliation of cash, cash equivalents and restricted cashMarch 31,
2023
March 31,
2022
December 31, 2021December 31, 2020
Cash and cash equivalents$711,910 $1,009,139 $1,669,453 $1,517,361 
Restricted cash15,816 12,987 13,417 11,154 
Total cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash$727,726 $1,022,126 $1,682,870 $1,528,515 
See accompanying notes.
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Under Armour, Inc. and Subsidiaries
Notes to the Audited Consolidated Financial Statements
(Tabular amounts in thousands, except share and per share data)

NOTE 1. Description of the DESCRIPTION OF BUSINESS AND BASIS OF PRESENTATION
Business
Under Armour, Inc. (together with its wholly owned subsidiaries, the "Company") is a developer, marketer and distributor of branded athletic performance apparel, footwear and accessories. The Company creates products engineered to solve problems and make athletes better as well as digital healthwith a vision to inspire performance solutions you never knew you needed and fitness apps built to connect people and drive performance.can't imagine living without. The Company's products are made, sold and worn worldwide.

Fiscal Year End Change
2. Summary of Significant Accounting PoliciesAs previously disclosed, the Company changed its fiscal year end from December 31 to March 31, effective for the fiscal year beginning April 1, 2022. The Company's current fiscal year began on April 1, 2022 and ended on March 31, 2023 ("Fiscal 2023"). This Annual Report on Form 10-K refers to the period beginning on January 1, 2022 and ending March 31, 2022 as the "Transition Period". The Company filed a Transition Report on Form 10-QT that included financial information for the Transition Period with the SEC on May 9, 2022. The Company's 2021 fiscal year began on January 1, 2021 and ended on December 31, 2021 ("Fiscal 2021"). There was no Fiscal 2022.
Basis of Presentation
The accompanying consolidated financial statementsConsolidated Financial Statements are presented in U.S. Dollars and include the accounts of Under Armour, Inc. and its wholly owned subsidiaries (the “Company”). All intercompany balances and transactions have been eliminated. The accompanying consolidated financial statements were prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America ("U.S. GAAP").
During 2019, Intercompany balances and transactions were eliminated upon consolidation. Throughout this Annual Report on Form 10-K, in addition to the Company recorded an adjustment related to prior periods to correct unrecorded consulting expenses incurred primarily in connection withterms Fiscal 2023, Transition Period and Fiscal 2021 which are defined above, the 2018 restructuring plan. Selling, generalterm "Fiscal 2020" means the Company's fiscal year beginning January 1, 2020 and administrative expenses for the year ended December 31, 2019 includes $5.5 million of expense that was understated in prior periods. The Company concluded that the error was not material to any prior or interim periods presented.2020.
During 2018, the Company identified an immaterial error in the presentation of premium subscriptions in its Connected Fitness reporting segment. Subscription revenue wasReclassifications
As previously recorded net of any related commission. Beginningdisclosed, beginning in the first quarter of 2018, subscription revenue is recordedFiscal 2021, the Company no longer reports Connected Fitness as a discrete reportable segment. Where applicable, all prior periods that used to separately reflect financial information about the Connected Fitness business have been recast to be included within the Corporate Other reportable segment, in order to conform with current period presentation. Such reclassifications did not affect total consolidated net revenues, consolidated income from operations or consolidated net income.
Additionally, certain prior period comparative amounts in Note 17 and Note 18 have been reclassified to conform to the current period presentation. Such reclassifications were not material and did not not affect the consolidated financial statements.
Management Estimates and COVID-19 Update
The preparation of financial statements in conformity with U.S. GAAP requires management to make estimates, judgments, and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the Consolidated Financial Statements and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting period. These estimates, judgments and assumptions are evaluated on an on-going basis. The Company bases its estimates on historical experience and on various other assumptions that it believes are reasonable at that time; however, actual results could differ from these estimates.
As the impacts of major global events, including the COVID-19 pandemic, continue to evolve, estimates and assumptions about future events and their effects cannot be determined with certainty and therefore require increased judgment. The extent to which the evolving events impact the Company's financial statements will depend on a gross basisnumber of factors including, but not limited to, any new information that may emerge concerning the severity of these major events and the related commission cost is includedactions that governments around the world may take in selling, generalresponse. While the Company believes it has made appropriate accounting estimates and administrative expenseassumptions based on the facts and circumstances available as of this reporting date, the Company may experience further impacts based on long-term effects on the Company's customers and the countries in which the consolidated statementCompany operates. Please see the risk factors discussed in Part I, Item 1A "Risk Factors" of operations. The Company revised 2017 to be consistent with the current presentation resulting in an increase in net revenues and selling, general and administrative expensethis Annual Report on Form 10-K.

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Table of $12.7 million for the year ended December 31, 2017. There was no impact in any period on income (loss) from operations. The Company concluded that the error was not material to any of its previously issued financial statements.Contents

NOTE 2. SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES
Cash, Cash Equivalents and Restricted Cash
In accordance with Accounting Standards Codification ("ASC") Topic 305 "Cash and Cash Equivalents
TheEquivalents", the Company considers all highly liquid investments with an original maturity of three months or less at the date of inceptionpurchase to be cash and cash equivalents. The Company's restricted cash is reserved for cash collateral held for standby letters of credit and payments related to claims for its captive insurance program, which is included in prepaid expenses and other current assets on the Company's consolidated balance sheet. The following table provides a reconciliation of cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash reported within the consolidated balance sheets to the consolidated statements of cash flows.

December 31, 2019December 31, 2018
Cash and cash equivalents$788,072  $557,403  
Restricted cash7,936  8,657  
Total cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash$796,008  $566,060  

Consolidated Balance Sheets.
Concentration of Credit Risk
Financial instruments that subject the Company to significant concentration of credit risk consist primarily of accounts receivable. The majority of the Company’sCompany's accounts receivable is due from large retailers. Credit is extended based on an evaluationwholesale customers. As of the customer’s financial condition and collateral is not required. None of the Company's customers accounted for more than 10% of accounts receivable as of DecemberMarch 31, 2019 and December 31, 2018, respectively. For the years ended December 31, 2019, 2018 and 2017,2023, no single customer accounted for more than 10% of the Company's accounts receivable balance. As of March 31, 2022 and December 31, 2021, one customer accounted for more than 10% of the Company's accounts receivable balance. For Fiscal 2023, no single customer accounted for more than 10% of the Company's net revenues. For Fiscal 2021, one customer within the North America region accounted for approximately 11% of the Company's net revenues. For Fiscal 2020 and the Transition Period, no single customer accounted for more than 10% of the Company's net revenues.
Sale of Accounts Receivable
In 2018, the Company entered into agreements with two financial institutions to sell selected accounts receivable on a recurring, non-recourse basis. In 2019, the Company amended one agreement to reduce the facility amount. Under each agreement, the Company may sell up to $140.0 million and $50.0 million, respectively, provided the accounts receivable of certain customers cannot be outstanding simultaneously with both institutions. Balances may remain outstanding at any point in time. The Company removes the sold accounts receivable from
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the consolidated balance sheets at the time of sale. The Company does not retain any interests in the sold accounts receivable. The Company acts as the collection agent for the sold accounts receivable balances on behalf of the financial institutions.
As of December 31, 2019 and 2018, there were no amounts outstanding in connection with these arrangements. The funding fee charged by the financial institutions is included in the other income (expense), net line item in the consolidated statement of operations.

Credit Losses - Allowance for Doubtful Accounts
The Company is exposed to credit losses primarily through customer receivables associated with the sale of products within the Company's wholesale channel and through credit card receivables associated with the sale of products within the Company's direct-to-consumer channel, recorded within accounts receivable, net on the Company's Consolidated Balance Sheets. The Company also has other receivables, including receivables from licensing arrangements recorded in prepaid expenses and other current assets on the Company's Consolidated Balance Sheets.
Credit is extended to wholesale customers based on a credit review. The credit review considers each customer's financial condition, including a review of the customer's established credit rating or, if an established credit rating is not available, then the Company's assessment of the customer's creditworthiness is based on their financial statements, local industry practices, and business strategy. A credit limit and invoice terms are established for each customer based on the outcome of this review. To mitigate credit risk from the wholesale channel, the Company may require customers to provide security in the form of guarantees, letters of credit, deposits, collateral or prepayment. Further, to mitigate certain risk from other wholesale customers, the Company has acquired specific trade accounts receivable insurance policies.
The allowance for doubtful accounts is based on the Company's assessment of the collectability of customer accounts receivable. In accordance with ASC Topic 326 "Financial Instruments - Credit Losses", the Company makes ongoing estimates relating to the collectability of accounts receivable and maintainsrecords an allowance for estimated losses resultingexpected from the inability of its customers to make required payments. In determining the amount of the reserve, theThe Company considersestablishes expected credit losses by evaluating historical levels of credit losses, and significantcurrent economic developments within the retail environmentconditions that could impact themay affect a customer's ability of its customers to pay, outstanding balances and makes judgments about the creditworthiness of significant customers based on ongoingcustomers. These inputs are used to determine a range of expected credit evaluations. Becauselosses and an allowance is recorded within the Company cannot predict future changes in the financial stabilityrange. Accounts receivable are written off when there is no reasonable expectation of its customers, actual future losses from uncollectible accounts may differ from estimates. If the financial condition of customers were to deteriorate, resulting in their inability to make payments, a larger reserve might be required. In the event the Company determines a smaller or larger reserve is appropriate, it would record a benefit or charge to selling, general and administrative expense in the period in which such a determination was made. As of December 31, 2019 and 2018, the allowance for doubtful accounts was $15.1 million and $22.2 million, respectively.recovery.
Inventories
Inventories consist primarily of finished goods. Costs of finished goods inventories include all costs incurred to bring inventory to its current condition, including inbound freight, duties and other costs. TheIn accordance with ASC Topic 330 "Inventory", the Company values its inventory at standard cost which approximates landed cost, using the first-in, first-out method of cost determination. Net realizable value is estimated based upon assumptions made about future demand and retail market conditions. If the Company determines that the estimated net realizable value of its inventory is less than the carrying value of such inventory, it records a charge to cost of goods sold to reflect the lower of cost or net realizable value. If actual market conditions are less favorable than those projected by the Company, further adjustments may be required that would increase the cost of goods sold in the period in which such a determination was made.
Income Taxes
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Income taxes
Property and Equipment
In accordance with ASC Topic 360 "Property, Plant and Equipment", property and equipment are accountedstated at cost less accumulated depreciation. The Company includes the cost associated with software customized for underinternal use within Property and Equipment on the Company's Consolidated Balance Sheets. Property and equipment is depreciated using the straight-line method over the estimated useful lives of the assets, as follows:
Years
Furniture, fixtures and displays, office equipment, software and plant equipment (1)
3 to 10
Site improvements, buildings and building equipment10 to 35
Leasehold and tenant improvements
Shorter of the remaining lease term
or related asset life
(1) The cost of in-store apparel and footwear fixtures and displays are capitalized as part of "furniture, fixtures and displays", and depreciated over three years.

The Company periodically reviews its assets' estimated useful lives based upon actual experience and expected future utilization. A change in useful life is treated as a change in accounting estimate and is applied prospectively.
The Company capitalizes the cost of interest for long term property and equipment projects based on the Company's weighted average borrowing rates in place while the projects are in progress. Capitalized interest was $3.1 million as of March 31, 2023 (March 31, 2022: $1.1 million; December 31, 2021: $1.2 million).
Upon retirement or disposition of property and equipment, the cost and accumulated depreciation are removed from the accounts and any resulting gain or loss is reflected in selling, general and administrative expenses for that period. Major additions and betterments are capitalized to the asset accounts while maintenance and liability method. Deferred income taxrepairs are expensed as incurred.
Leases
The Company enters into operating leases domestically and internationally to lease certain warehouse space, office facilities, space for its Brand and Factory House stores, and certain equipment under non-cancelable operating leases. The leases expire at various dates through 2035, excluding extensions at the Company's option, and include provisions for rental adjustments.
In accordance with ASC Topic 842 "Leases", the Company accounts for a contract as a lease when it has the right to direct the use of the asset for a period of time while obtaining substantially all of the asset's economic benefits. The Company determines the initial classification and measurement of its right-of-use ("ROU") assets and lease liabilities at the lease commencement date and thereafter if modified. ROU assets represent the Company's right to control the underlying assets under lease, over the contractual term. ROU assets and lease liabilities are recognized on the Consolidated Balance Sheets based on the present value of future minimum lease payments to be made over the lease term. ROU assets and lease liabilities are established on the Company's Consolidated Balance Sheets for temporary differences between the financial reporting basisleases with an expected term greater than one year. Short-term lease payments were not material for Fiscal 2023, Fiscal 2021, Fiscal 2020 and the tax basisTransition Period.
As the rate implicit in a lease is not readily determinable, the Company uses its secured incremental borrowing rate to determine the present value of the Company’slease payments. The Company calculates the incremental borrowing rate based on the current market yield curve and adjusts for foreign currency impacts for international leases.
Fixed lease costs are included in the recognition of ROU assets and liabilities at tax rates expected to belease liabilities. Variable lease costs are not included in effect when such assets or liabilitiesthe measurement of the lease liability. These variable lease payments are realized or settled. Deferred income tax assets are reduced by valuation allowances when necessary. The Company has maderecognized in the policy election to record any liability associated with Global Intangible Low Taxed Income ("GILTI")Consolidated Statements of Operations in the period in which itthe obligation for those payments is incurred.
Assessing whether deferred tax assets are realizable requires significant judgment. Variable lease payments primarily consist of payments dependent on sales in Brand and Factory House stores. The Company considers all available positivehas elected to combine lease and negative evidence, including historical operating performance and expectationsnon-lease components in the determination of future operating performance.lease costs for its leases. The ultimate realization of deferred tax assets is often dependent upon future taxable income and therefore can be uncertain. Tolease liability includes lease payments related to options to extend or renew the extentlease term only if the Company believes it is more likely than not that all or some portion of the asset will not be realized, valuation allowances are established against the Company’s deferred tax assets, which increase income tax expense in the period when such a determination is made.
Income taxes include the largest amount of tax benefit for an uncertain tax position that is more likely than notreasonably certain to be sustained upon audit based on the technical merits of the tax position. Settlements with tax authorities, the expiration of statutes of limitations for particular tax positions or obtaining new information on particular tax positions may cause a change to the effective tax rate. The Company recognizes accrued interest and penalties related to unrecognized tax benefits in the provision for income taxes on the consolidated statements of operations.exercise those options.
Goodwill, Intangible Assets and Long-Lived Assets
Goodwill and intangible assets are recorded at their estimated fair values at the date of acquisition and are allocated to the reporting units that are expected to receive the related benefits. Goodwill and indefinite lived intangible assets are not amortized and, in accordance with ASC Topic 350-20 "Goodwill", are required to be tested for impairment at least annually or sooner whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that it is more
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likely than not that the fair value of the reporting unit is less than its carrying amount. In conducting an annual impairment test, the Company first reviews
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qualitative factors to determine whether it is more likely than not that the fair value of the reporting unit is less than its carrying amount. If factors indicate that is the case, the Company performs the goodwill impairment test. The Company compares the fair value of the reporting unit with its carrying amount. The Company estimates fair value using the discounted cash flows model, under the income approach, which indicates the fair value of the reporting unit based on the present value of the cash flows that the Company expects the reporting unit to generate in the future. The Company's significant estimates in the discounted cash flows model include: the Company's weighted average cost of capital, long-term rate of growth and profitability of the reporting unit’sunit's business, and working capital effects. If the carrying amount of a reporting unit exceeds its fair value, goodwill is impaired to the extent that the carrying value exceeds the fair value of the reporting unit. The Company performs its annual impairment testing in the fourth quarter of each fiscal year.
As No goodwill impairments were recorded during Fiscal 2023, Fiscal 2021 or the Transition Period. During Fiscal 2020, as a result of the Company's annualimpacts of COVID-19, the Company determined that sufficient indicators existed to trigger an interim goodwill impairment test, noanalysis for all of the Company’s reporting units. The Company recognized goodwill impairment charges of goodwill was identified. The fair value of each reporting unit substantially exceeded its carrying value, with$51.6 million for the exception of its Latin America reporting unit. No events occurred duringunit and the period ended December 31, 2019 that indicated it was more likely than not that goodwill was impaired. Refer to Note 5 toCanada reporting unit, which is within the Consolidated Financial Statements for a further discussion of goodwill.North America operating segment.
The Company continually evaluates whether events and circumstances have occurred that indicate the remaining estimated useful life of long-lived assets may warrant revision or that the remaining balance may not be recoverable. These factors may include a significant deterioration of operating results, changes in business plans, or changes in anticipated cash flows. When factors indicate that an asset should be evaluated for possible impairment, the Company reviews long-lived assets to assess recoverability from future operations using undiscounted cash flows. If future undiscounted cash flows are less than the carrying value, an impairment is recognized in earnings to the extent that the carrying value exceeds fair value.
During Fiscal 2023, the Company performed an impairment analysis on its long-lived assets, including retail stores at an individual store level and determined that certain long-lived assets had net carrying values that exceeded their estimated undiscounted future cash flows. Accordingly, the Company estimated the fair values of these long-lived assets based on their market rent assessments or discounted cash flows and compared these estimated fair values to the net carrying values. The significant estimates used in the fair value methodology, which are based on Level 3 inputs, include: the Company's expectations for future operations and projected cash flows, including net revenue, gross profit and operating expenses and market conditions, including estimated market rent. As a result, the Company recorded $2.0 million of long-lived asset impairment charges within selling, general and administrative expenses on the Consolidated Statements of Operations and as a reduction to the related asset balances on the Consolidated Balance Sheets. The long-lived asset impairment charges for Fiscal 2023 are included within the Company's operating segments as follows: $1.4 million recorded in North America and $0.6 million recorded in Asia-Pacific.
During Fiscal 2021, the Company recorded $2.0 million of long-lived asset impairment charges within selling, general and administrative expenses on the Consolidated Statements of Operations and as a reduction to the related asset balances on the Consolidated Balance Sheets. During Fiscal 2020, as a result of the impacts of COVID-19, the Company recorded $89.7 million of long-lived asset impairment charges as part of the Company's restructuring and impairment charges on the Consolidated Statements of Operations. Additionally, in connection with the Company's 2020 restructuring plan, the Company recognized $1.7 million and $290.8 million of long-lived asset impairment charges related to the Company's New York City flagship store during Fiscal 2021 and Fiscal 2020, respectively. Refer to Note 12 for a further discussion of the restructuring and related impairment charges.There were no impairment charges taken during the Transition Period.
Accrued Expenses
Accrued expenses consisted of the following: 
As of March 31, 2023As of March 31, 2022As of December 31, 2021
Accrued compensation and benefits$66,742 $69,361 $151,887 
Accrued marketing39,832 41,854 58,754 
Accrued royalties25,415 17,262 16,386 
Accrued taxes26,297 20,055 35,588 
Forward currency contract liabilities28,067 12,303 13,193 
Other168,290 157,128 184,357 
Total Accrued Expenses$354,643 $317,963 $460,165 
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At December
Revenue Recognition
The Company recognizes revenue in accordance with ASC Topic 606 "Revenue from Contracts with Customers". Net revenues primarily consist of net sales of apparel, footwear and accessories, license revenues and revenues from digital subscriptions, advertising and other digital business.
The Company recognizes revenue when it satisfies its performance obligations by transferring control of promised products or services to its customers, which occurs either at a point in time or over time, depending on when the customer obtains the ability to direct the use of and obtain substantially all of the remaining benefits from the products or services. The amount of revenue recognized considers terms of sale that create variability in the amount of consideration that the Company ultimately expects to be entitled to in exchange for the products or services and is subject to an overall constraint that a significant revenue reversal will not occur in future periods. Sales taxes imposed on the Company's revenues from product sales are presented on a net basis on the Consolidated Statements of Operations, and therefore do not impact net revenues or costs of goods sold.
Revenue transactions associated with the sale of apparel, footwear, and accessories, comprise a single performance obligation, which consists of the sale of products to customers either through wholesale or direct-to-consumer channels. The Company satisfies the performance obligation and records revenues when transfer of control has passed to the customer, based on the terms of sale. In the Company's wholesale channel, transfer of control is based upon shipment under free on board shipping point for most goods or upon receipt by the customer depending on the country of the sale and the agreement with the customer. The Company may also ship product directly from its supplier to wholesale customers and recognize revenue when the product is delivered to and accepted by the customer. In the Company's direct-to-consumer channel, transfer of control takes place at the point of sale for Brand and Factory House customers and upon shipment to substantially all e-commerce customers. Payment terms for wholesale transactions are established in accordance with local and industry practices. Payment is generally required within 30 to 60 days of shipment to or receipt by the wholesale customer in the United States, and generally within 60 to 90 days of shipment to or receipt by the wholesale customer internationally. From time to time, based on market circumstances, the Company does grant certain customers with longer than average payment terms. Payment is generally due at the time of sale for direct-to-consumer transactions.
Gift cards issued to customers by the Company are recorded as contract liabilities until they are redeemed, at which point revenue is recognized. During the year-ended March 31, 2019,2023, the Company completed an assessment of its process for estimating revenue recognized for gift card balances not expected to be redeemed (“breakage”). Based on the assessment, which included analyzing historical gift card redemption data, the Company has determined that substantially all of its gift cards are redeemed within 24 months of issuance, and after 24 months the likelihood of a gift card being redeemed is remote. Therefore, to the extent that it does not have a legal obligation to remit the value of such unredeemed gift cards to the relevant jurisdiction as unclaimed or abandoned property, the Company recognizes gift card breakage at that time when the likelihood of the gift card being redeemed is remote, which the Company has determined to be 24 months following its issuance.
The Company offers customer loyalty programs in which customers earn points based on purchases and other promotional activities that can be redeemed for discounts on future purchases or other rewards. A contract liability is estimated based on the standalone selling price of benefits earned by customers through the programs and the related redemption experience under the programs. The value of each point earned is recorded as deferred revenue and is included within accrued expenses primarily included $118.7 millionon the Consolidated Balance Sheets.
Revenue from the Company's licensing arrangements is recognized over time during the period that licensees are provided access to the Company's trademarks and $63.2 millionbenefit from such access through their sales of accrued compensationlicensed products. These arrangements require licensees to pay a sales-based royalty, which for most arrangements may be subject to a contractually guaranteed minimum royalty amount. Payments are generally due quarterly. The Company recognizes revenue for sales-based royalty arrangements (including those for which the royalty exceeds any contractually guaranteed minimum royalty amount) as licensed products are sold by the licensee. If a sales-based royalty is not ultimately expected to exceed a contractually guaranteed minimum royalty amount, the minimum is recognized as revenue over the contractual period, if all other criteria of revenue recognition have been met. This sales-based output measure of progress and benefits and marketing expenses, respectively. At December 31, 2018, accrued expenses primarily included $130.8 million and $60.1 millionpattern of accrued compensation and benefits and marketing expenses, respectively.
Foreign Currency Translation and Transactions
The functional currency for eachrecognition best represents the value transferred to the licensee over the term of the Company’s wholly owned foreign subsidiariesarrangement, as well as the amount of consideration that the Company is generallyentitled to receive in exchange for providing access to its trademarks.
Revenue from digital subscriptions is recognized on a gross basis and is recognized over the applicable local currency.term of the subscription. The translationCompany receives payments in advance of foreign currencies into U.S. dollars is performedrevenue recognition for assetssubscriptions and these payments are recorded as contract liabilities using current foreign currency exchange rates in effect at the balance sheet dateCompany's Consolidated Balance Sheets. Commissions related to subscription revenue are capitalized and for revenue and expense accounts using average foreign currency exchange rates duringrecognized over the period. Capital accounts are translated at historical foreign currency exchange rates. Translation gains and lossessubscription period, which are included in stockholders’ equityselling,
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general and administrative expense in the Consolidated Statements of Operations. Revenue from digital advertising is recognized as the Company satisfies performance obligations pursuant to customer insertion orders.
The Company records reductions to revenue for estimated customer returns, allowances, markdowns, and discounts. The Company bases its estimates on historical rates of customer returns and allowances as well as the specific identification of outstanding returns, markdowns and allowances that have not yet been received by the Company. The actual amount of customer returns and allowances, which is inherently uncertain, may differ from the Company's estimates. If the Company determines that actual or expected returns or allowances are significantly higher or lower than the reserves it established, it would record a reduction or increase, as appropriate, to net sales in the period in which it makes such a determination. Provisions for customer specific discounts are based on negotiated arrangements with certain major customers. Reserves for returns, allowances, markdowns, and discounts are included within customer refund liability and the value of inventory associated with reserves for sales returns are included within prepaid expenses and other current assets on the Consolidated Balance Sheets. At a minimum, the Company reviews and refines these estimates on a quarterly basis.
The Company has made a policy election to account for shipping and handling activities that occur after the customer has obtained control of a good as a fulfillment cost rather than an additional promised service. Additionally, the Company has elected not to disclose certain information related to unsatisfied performance obligations for subscriptions for its MMR platforms, as they have an original expected length of one year or less.
Shipping and Handling Costs
The Company charges customers shipping and handling fees based on contractual terms, which are recorded in net revenues. The Company incurs freight costs associated with shipping goods to customers. These costs are recorded as a component of accumulated other comprehensive income. Adjustmentscost of goods sold.
The Company also incurs outbound handling costs associated with preparing goods to ship to customers and certain costs to operate the Company's distribution facilities. These costs are recorded as a component of selling, general and administrative expenses. For Fiscal 2023, these costs totaled $79.5 million (Fiscal 2021:$82.9 million; Fiscal 2020: $80.5 million; Transition Period: $17.3 million).
Advertising Costs
Advertising costs are charged to selling, general and administrative expenses. Advertising production costs are expensed the first time an advertisement related to such production costs is run. Media placement costs are expensed in the month during which the advertisement appears, and costs related to event sponsorships are expensed when the event occurs. In addition, advertising costs include sponsorship expenses. Accounting for sponsorship payments is based upon specific contract provisions and the payments are generally expensed uniformly over the term of the contract after recording expense related to specific performance incentives once they are deemed probable. Advertising expense, including amortization of in-store marketing fixtures and displays, was $618.3 million for Fiscal 2023 (Fiscal 2021: $649.2 million; Fiscal 2020: $550.4 million; Transition Period: $173.2 million). As of March 31, 2023, prepaid advertising costs were $41.8 million (March 31, 2022: $30.3 million; December 31, 2021: $22.4 million).
Income Taxes
In accordance with ASC Topic 740 "Income Taxes," income taxes are accounted for under the asset and liability method. Deferred income tax assets and liabilities are established for temporary differences between the financial reporting basis and the tax basis of the Company's assets and liabilities at tax rates expected to be in effect when such assets or liabilities are realized or settled. Deferred income tax assets are reduced by valuation allowances when necessary. The Company has made the policy election to record any liability associated with Global Intangible Low Tax Income ("GILTI") in the period in which it is incurred.
Assessing whether deferred tax assets are realizable requires significant judgment. The Company considers all available positive and negative evidence, including historical operating performance and expectations of future operating performance. The ultimate realization of deferred tax assets is often dependent upon future taxable income and therefore can be uncertain. To the extent the Company believes it is more likely than not that arise from foreign currency exchange rate changesall or some portion of the asset will not be realized, valuation allowances are established against the Company's deferred tax assets, which increase income tax expense in the period when such a determination is made.
Income taxes include the largest amount of tax benefit for an uncertain tax position that is more likely than not to be sustained upon audit based on transactions, primarily driventhe technical merits of the tax position. Settlements with tax authorities, the expiration of statutes of limitations for particular tax positions or obtaining new information on particular tax positions
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may cause a change to the effective tax rate. The Company recognizes accrued interest and penalties related to unrecognized tax benefits in the provision for income taxes line on the Consolidated Statements of Operations.
Earnings per Share
Basic earnings per common share is computed by intercompany transactions, denominated in a currency other thandividing net income available to common stockholders for the functional currencyperiod by the weighted average number of common shares outstanding during the period. Any stock-based compensation awards that are determined to be participating securities, which are stock-based compensation awards that entitle the holders to receive dividends prior to vesting, are included in the calculation of basic earnings per share using the two class method. Diluted earnings per common share is computed by dividing net income available to common stockholders for the period by the diluted weighted average common shares outstanding during the period. Diluted earnings per share reflects the potential dilution from common shares issuable through stock options, warrants, restricted stock units, other expense,equity awards and the Company's 1.50% convertible senior notes due 2024. Refer to Note 18 for a further discussion of earnings per share.
Equity Method Investment
The Company has a common stock investment of 29.5% in its Japanese licensee. The Company accounts for its investment in its licensee under the equity method, given it has the ability to exercise significant influence, but not control, over the entity. The Company recorded its allocable share of its Japanese licensee's net income (loss) of $(2.5) million for Fiscal 2023, (Fiscal 2021: $1.8 million; Fiscal 2020: $3.5 million; Transition Period: $0.9 million) within income (loss) from equity method investment on the consolidatedConsolidated Statements of Operations and as an adjustment to the invested balance within other long term assets on the Consolidated Balance Sheets. As of March 31, 2023, the carrying value of the Company's investment in its Japanese licensee was $0.3 million (March 31, 2022: $2.7 million; December 31, 2021: $1.8 million).
In connection with the license agreement with the Japanese licensee, the Company recorded license revenues of $36.8 million for Fiscal 2023 (Fiscal 2021: $42.4 million; Fiscal 2020: $40.1 million; Transition Period: $9.9 million). As of March 31, 2023, the Company had $7.6 million in licensing receivables outstanding, recorded in the prepaid expenses and other current assets line item within the Company's Consolidated Balance Sheets (March 31, 2022: $8.9 million; December 31, 2021:$17.1 million).
On March 2, 2020, as part of the Company's acquisition of Triple Pte. Ltd., the Company assumed 49.5% of common stock ownership in UA Sports (Thailand) Co., Ltd. ("UA Sports Thailand"). The Company accounts for its investment in UA Sports Thailand under the equity method, given it has the ability to exercise significant influence, but not control, over UA Sports Thailand. For Fiscal 2023, the Company recorded the allocable share of UA Sports Thailand's net income (loss) of $0.8 million (Fiscal 2021: $(0.6) million; Fiscal 2020: $(1.1) million; Transition Period: $(0.2) million) within income (loss) from equity method investment on the Consolidated Statements of Operations and as an adjustment to the invested balance within other long term assets on the Consolidated Balance Sheets. As of March 31, 2023, the carrying value of the Company's investment in UA Sports Thailand was $5.9 million (March 31, 2022: $5.7 million; December 31, 2021: $5.0 million).
Stock-Based Compensation
The Company accounts for stock-based compensation in accordance with ASC Topic 718 "Compensation - Stock Compensation", which requires all stock-based compensation awards granted to be measured at fair value and recognized as an expense in the financial statements over the service period. In addition, this guidance requires that excess tax benefits related to stock-based compensation awards be reflected as operating cash flows.
The Company uses the Black-Scholes option-pricing model to estimate the fair market value of operations.stock option awards and grant date fair value for other awards. The Company uses the "simplified method" to estimate the expected life of options, as permitted by accounting guidance. The "simplified method" calculates the expected life of a stock option equal to the time from grant to the midpoint between the vesting date and contractual term, taking into account all vesting tranches. The risk free interest rate is based on the yield for the U.S. Treasury bill with a maturity equal to the expected life of the stock option. Expected volatility is based on the Company's historical average. Compensation expense is recognized net of forfeitures on a straight-line basis over the total vesting period, which is the implied requisite service period. Compensation expense for performance-based awards is recorded over the implied requisite service period when achievement of the performance target is deemed probable.
The Company issues new shares of Class A Common Stock and Class C Common Stock upon exercise of stock options, grant of restricted stock or share unit conversion. Refer to Note 14 for further details on stock-based compensation.
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Fair Value of Financial Instruments
The carrying amounts shown for the Company's cash and cash equivalents, accounts receivable and accounts payable approximate fair value because of the short term maturity of those instruments. As of March 31, 2023, the fair value of the Company's 3.250% Senior Notes were $553.9 million (March 31, 2022: $580.0 million; December 31, 2021: $619.9 million). The fair value of the Company's 1.50% Convertible Senior Notes, was $85.8 million as of March 31, 2023 (March 31, 2022: $126.6 million; December 31, 2021: $149.6 million). The fair value of the Company's other long term debt approximates its carrying value based on the variable nature of interest rates and current market rates available to the Company. The fair value of a foreign currency contract is based on the net difference between the U.S. dollars to be received or paid at the contracts' settlement date and the U.S. dollar value of the foreign currency to be sold or purchased at the current exchange rate. The fair value of an interest rate swap contract is based on the net difference between the fixed interest to be paid and variable interest to be received over the term of the contract based on current market rates.
Derivatives and Hedging Activities
The Company uses derivative financial instruments in the form of foreign currency and interest rate swap contracts to minimize the risk associated with foreign currency exchange rate and interest rate fluctuations. The Company accounts for derivative financial instruments pursuant to applicable accounting guidance.in accordance with ASC Topic 815 "Derivatives and Hedging". This guidance establishes accounting and reporting standards for derivative financial instruments and requires all derivatives to be recognized as either assets or liabilities on the balance sheet and to be measured at fair value. Unrealized derivative gain positions are recorded as other current assets or other long term assets, and unrealized derivative loss positions are recorded as other current liabilities or other long term liabilities, depending on the derivative financial instrument’sinstrument's maturity date.
For contracts designated as cash flow hedges, the changes in fair value are reported as other comprehensive income and are recognized in current earnings in the period or periods during which the hedged transaction affects current earnings. One of the criteria for this accounting treatment is the notional value of these derivative contracts should not be in excess of specifically identified anticipated transactions. By their very nature, the Company's estimates of the anticipated transactions may fluctuate over time and may ultimately vary from actual transactions. When anticipated transaction estimates or actual transaction amounts decline below hedged levels, or if it is no longer probable a forecasted transaction will occur by the end of the originally specified time period or within an additional two-month period of time, the Company is required to reclassify the cumulative change in fair value of the over-hedged portion of the related hedge contract from Other comprehensive income (loss) to
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Other expense, net during the period in which the decrease occurs. The Company does not enter into derivative financial instruments for speculative or trading purposes.
Revenue RecognitionForeign Currency Translation and Transactions
The Company recognizes revenue pursuant to Accounting Standards Codification 606 ("ASC 606"). Net revenues consist of net sales of apparel, footwear and accessories, license and Connected Fitness revenue. The Company recognizes revenue when it satisfies its performance obligations by transferring control of promised products or services to its customers, which occurs either at a point in time or over time, depending on when the customer obtains the ability to direct the use of and obtain substantially allfunctional currency for each of the remaining benefits fromCompany's wholly owned foreign subsidiaries is generally the products or services. The amountapplicable local currency. In accordance with ASC Topic 830 "Foreign Currency Matters", the translation of revenue recognized considers terms of sale that create variabilityforeign currencies into U.S. dollars is performed for assets and liabilities using current foreign currency exchange rates in the amount of consideration that the Company ultimately expects to be entitled to in exchange for the products or services and is subject to an overall constraint that a significant revenue reversal will not occur in future periods. Sales taxes imposed on the Company’s revenues from product sales are presented on a net basis on the consolidated statements of operations, and therefore do not impact net revenues or costs of goods sold.
Revenue transactions associated with the sale of apparel, footwear, and accessories, comprise a single performance obligation, which consists of the sale of products to customers either through wholesale or direct to consumer channels. The Company satisfies the performance obligation and records revenues when transfer of control has passed to the customer, based on the terms of sale. In the Company’s wholesale channel, transfer of control is based upon shipment under free on board shipping point for most goods or upon receipt by the customer depending on the country of the sale and the agreement with the customer. The Company may also ship product directly from its supplier to wholesale customers and recognize revenue when the product is delivered to and accepted by the customer. In the Company’s direct to consumer channel, transfer of control takes placeeffect at the point of salebalance sheet date and for brandrevenue and factory house customers and upon shipment to substantially all e-commerce customers. Payment terms for wholesale transactions are established in accordance with local and industry practices. Payment is generally required within 30 to 60 days of shipment to or receipt by the wholesale customer in the United States, and generally within 60 to 90 days of shipment to or receipt by the wholesale customer internationally. Payment is generally due at the time of sale for direct to consumer transactions.
Gift cards issued to customers by the Company are recorded as contract liabilities until they are redeemed, at which point revenue is recognized. The Company also estimates and recognizes revenue for gift card balances not expected to ever be redeemed ("breakage") to the extent that it does not have a legal obligation to remit the value of such unredeemed gift cards to the relevant jurisdiction as unclaimed or abandoned property. Such estimates are based upon historical redemption trends, with breakage income recognized in proportion to the pattern of actual customer redemptions
Revenue from the Company's licensing arrangements is recognized over timeexpense accounts using average foreign currency exchange rates during the period that licenseesperiod. Capital accounts are provided access to the Company's trademarkstranslated at historical foreign currency exchange rates. Translation gains and benefit from such access through their sales of licensed products. These arrangements require licensees to pay a sales-based royalty, which for most arrangements may be subject to a contractually guaranteed minimum royalty amount. Paymentslosses are generally due quarterly. The Company recognizes revenue for sales-based royalty arrangements (including those for which the royalty exceeds any contractually guaranteed minimum royalty amount) as licensed products are sold by the licensee. If a sales-based royalty is not ultimately expected to exceed a contractually guaranteed minimum royalty amount, the minimum is recognized as revenue over the contractual period. This sales-based output measure of progress and pattern of recognition best represents the value transferred to the licensee over the term of the arrangement, as well as the amount of consideration that the Company is entitled to receive in exchange for providing access to its trademarks.
Revenue from Connected Fitness subscriptions is recognized on a gross basis and is recognized over the term of the subscription. The Company receives payments in advance of revenue recognition for subscriptions and are recorded as contract liabilities in the Company's consolidated balance sheet. Related commission cost is included in selling, general and administrative expensestockholders' equity as a component of accumulated other comprehensive income. Adjustments that arise from foreign currency exchange rate changes on transactions, primarily driven by intercompany transactions, denominated in the consolidated statement of operations. Revenue from Connected Fitness digital advertising is recognized as the Company satisfies performance obligations pursuant to customer insertion orders.
The Company records reductions to revenue for estimated customer returns, allowances, markdowns and discounts. The Company bases its estimates on historical rates of customer returns and allowances as well as the specific identification of outstanding returns, markdowns and allowances that have not yet been received by the Company. The actual amount of customer returns and allowances, which is inherently uncertain, may differ from the Company’s estimates. If the Company determines that actual or expected returns or allowances are significantly higher or lowera currency other than the reserves it established, it would record a reduction or increase, as appropriate, to net sales
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in the period in which it makes such a determination. Provisions for customer specific discounts are based on negotiated arrangements with certain major customers. Reserves for returns, allowances, markdowns and discounts are included within customer refund liability and the value of inventory associated with reserves for sales returns are included within prepaid expenses and other current assets on the consolidated balance sheet. The Company reviews and refines these estimates on at least a quarterly basis. As of December 31, 2019 and 2018, there were $219.4 million and $301.4 million, respectively, in reserves for returns, allowances, markdowns and discounts within customer refund liability and $61.1 million and $113.9 million, respectively, as the estimated value of inventory associated with the reserves for sales returns within prepaid expenses and other current assets on the consolidated balance sheet.
Refer to Note 17 to the Consolidated Financial Statements for a further discussion of disaggregated revenues.
Contract Liability
Contract liabilities are recorded when a customer pays consideration, or the Company has a right to an amount of consideration that is unconditional, before the transfer of a good or service to the customer and thus represent the Company's obligation to transfer the good or service to the customer at a future date. The Company's contract liabilities consist of payments received in advance of revenue recognition for subscriptions for the Company's Connected Fitness applications, gift cards and royalty arrangements. Contract liabilitiesfunctional currency are included in other liabilitiesexpense, net on the Company's consolidated balance sheet. AsConsolidated Statements of December 31, 2019 and 2018, contract liability was $60.4 million and $55.0 million, respectively.Operations.
For the year ended December 31, 2019, the Company recognized $48.5 million of revenue that was previously included in contract liability as of December 31, 2018. For the year ended December 31, 2018, the Company recognized $41.1 million of revenue that was previously included in contract liability as of December 31, 2017. The change in the contract liability balance primarily results from the timing differences between the Company's satisfaction of performance obligations and the customer's payment. Commissions related to subscription revenue are capitalized and recognized over the subscription period.
Practical Expedients and Policy ElectionsRecently Adopted Account Pronouncements
The Company has made a policy election to account for shippingassesses the applicability and handling activities that occur afterimpact of all Accounting Standard Updates ("ASUs"). There were no ASUs adopted during Fiscal 2023.
Recently Issued Accounting Pronouncements
In September 2022, the customer has obtained control of a good as a fulfillment cost rather than an additional promised service. Additionally, the Company has elected notFinancial Accounting Standards Board ("FASB") issued ASU 2022-04 "Liabilities - Supplier Finance Programs (Subtopic 405-50)" ("ASU 2022-04") which requires entities to disclose certainthe key terms of supplier finance programs used in connection with the purchase of goods and services along with information related to unsatisfied performanceabout their obligations for subscriptions for its Connected Fitness applications as they have an original expected lengthunder these programs, including a rollforward of one year or less.
Advertising Costs
Advertising costs are charged to selling, general and administrative expenses. Advertising production costs are expensed the first time an advertisement related to such production costs is run. Media (television, print and radio) placement costs are expensed in the month during which the advertisement appears, and costs related to event sponsorships are expensed when the event occurs. In addition, advertising costs include sponsorship expenses. Accounting for sponsorship payments is based upon specific contract provisions and the payments are generally expensed uniformly over the term of the contract after recording expense related to specific performance incentives once they are deemed probable. Advertising expense, including amortization of in-store marketing fixtures and displays, was $578.9 million, $543.8 million and $565.1 millionthose obligations. The Company adopted ASU 2022-04 on April 1, 2023 on a retrospective basis, except for the years ended December 31, 2019, 2018 and 2017, respectively. At December 31, 2019 and 2018, prepaid advertising costs were $26.9 millionand $20.8 million, respectively.
Shipping and Handling Costs
The Company charges certain customers shipping and handling fees. These fees are recorded in net revenues. The Company includesamendments relating to the majority of outbound handling costs as a component of selling, general and administrative expenses. Outbound handling costs include costs associated with preparing goods to ship to customers and certain costs to operate the Company’s distribution facilities. These costs, included within selling, general and administrative expenses, were $81.0 million, $91.8 million and $101.5 million for the years ended December 31, 2019, 2018 and 2017, respectively. The Company includes outbound freight costs associated with shipping goods to customers as a component of cost of goods sold.
Equity Method Investment
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In April 2018, the Company invested ¥4.2 billion or $39.2 million in exchange for an additional 10% common stock ownership in Dome Corporation ("Dome"), the Company's Japanese licensee. This additional investment brought the Company's total investment in Dome's common stock to 29.5%, from 19.5%. The Company accounted for its investment in Dome under the equity method, given that it has the ability to exercise significant influence, but not control, over Dome. Investments under the equity methodrollforward requirement, which are required to be considered for impairment when events or circumstances suggest that the carrying amount may not be recoverable. If a qualitative assessment indicates that the Company's investment in Dome may be impaired, a quantitative assessment is performed. If the quantitative assessment indicates a decline in value that is determined to be other-than-temporary, an impairment charge would be recognized.
The Company performed a qualitative assessment of potential impairment indicators for its investment in Dome and determined that indicators of impairment exist. While there was no single event or factor, the Company considered Dome's future rate of growth and profitability and strategic objectives. The Company performed a valuation of its investment in Dome and determined that the fair value of its investment is less than its carrying value by $39.0 million. The Company determined this decline in value to be other-than-temporary considering the extent to which the market value of its investment is less than the carrying value, the amount of Dome's indebtedness maturing within a short-term period, and Dome's long-term financial forecast. As a result, the Company recorded a $39.0 million impairment of the Company's equity method investment in Dome in the fourth quarter of 2019, for the year ended, December 31, 2019. The impairment charge was recorded within income (loss) from equity method investmentadopted on the consolidated statements of operations and as a reduction to the invested balance within other long term assets on the consolidated balance sheets. The Company calculated fair value using the discounted cash flows model, which indicates the fair value of the investment based on the present value of the cash flows that it expects the investment to generate in the future.
For the years ended December 31, 2019 and 2018, the Company recorded the allocable share of Dome’s net loss of $8.7 million and net income of $1.0 million, respectively, within income (loss) from equity method investment on the consolidated statements of operations and as an adjustment to the invested balance within other long term assets on the consolidated balance sheets. As of December 31, 2019 and 2018, the carrying value of the Company's total investment in Dome was $5.1 million and $52.8 million, respectively.
In addition to the investment in Dome, the Company has a license agreement with Dome. The Company recorded license revenues from Dome of $37.8 million and $35.6 million for the years ended December 31, 2019 and 2018, respectively. As of December 31, 2019 and 2018, respectively, the Company had $15.6 million and $13.1 million in licensing receivables outstanding, recorded in the prepaid expenses and other current assets line item within the Company's consolidated balance sheet.
Earnings per Share
Basic earnings per common share is computed by dividing net income available to common stockholders for the period by the weighted average number of common shares outstanding during the period. Any stock-based compensation awards that are determined to be participating securities, which are stock-based compensation awards that entitle the holders to receive dividends prior to vesting, are included in the calculation of basic earnings per share using the two class method. Diluted earnings per common share is computed by dividing net income available to common stockholders for the period by the diluted weighted average common shares outstanding during the period. Diluted earnings per share reflects the potential dilution from common shares issuable through stock options, warrants, restricted stock units and other equity awards. Refer to Note 12 for further discussion of earnings per share.
Stock-Based Compensation
The Company accounts for stock-based compensation in accordance with accounting guidance that requires all stock-based compensation awards granted to employees and directors to be measured at fair value and recognized as an expense in the financial statements. In addition, this guidance requires that excess tax benefits related to stock-based compensation awards be reflected as operating cash flows.
The Company uses the Black-Scholes option-pricing model to estimate the fair market value of stock-based compensation awards. The Company uses the “simplified method” to estimate the expected life of options, as permitted by accounting guidance. The “simplified method” calculates the expected life of a stock option equal to the time from grant to the midpoint between the vesting date and contractual term, taking into account all vesting tranches. The risk free interest rate is based on the yield for the U.S. Treasury bill with a maturity equal to the expected life of the stock option. Expected volatility is based on the Company's historical average. Compensation expense is recognized net of forfeituresApril 1, 2024 on a straight-line basis over the total vesting period, which is the implied
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requisite service period. Compensation expense for performance-based awards is recorded over the implied requisite service period when achievement of the performance target is deemed probable.
prospective basis. The Company issues new shares of Class A Common Stock and Class C Common Stock upon exercise of stock options, grant of restricted stock or share unit conversion. Refer to Note 13 for further details on stock-based compensation.
Management Estimates
The preparation of financial statements in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the consolidated financial statements and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting period. Actual results could differ from these estimates.
Fair Value of Financial Instruments
The carrying amounts shown for the Company’s cash and cash equivalents, accounts receivable and accounts payable approximate fair value because of the short term maturity of those instruments. The fair value of the Company's Senior Notes was $587.5 million and $500.1 million as of December 31, 2019 and 2018. The fair value of the Company's other long term debt approximates its carrying value based on the variable nature of interest rates and current market rates available to the Company. The fair value of foreign currency contracts is based on the net difference between the U.S. dollars to be received or paid at the contracts’ settlement date and the U.S. dollar value of the foreign currency to be sold or purchased at the current exchange rate. The fair value of the interest rate swap contract is based on the net difference between the fixed interest to be paid and variable interest to be received over the term of the contract based on current market rates.

Recently Issued Accounting Standards
In June 2016, the Financial Accounting Standards Boards ("FASB") issued ASU 2016-13 - Financial Instruments – Credit Losses: Measurement of Credit Losses on Financial Instruments. This ASU amends the impairment model to utilize an expected loss methodology in place of the currently used incurred loss methodology, which will result in more timely recognition of losses. The new standard applies to financial assets measured at amortized cost basis, including receivables that result from revenue transactions. The ASU is effective for fiscal years, and interim periods within those fiscal years, beginning after December 15, 2019, and early adoption is permitted for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2018. The Company doesdid not expect the adoption of this ASU to have a material impact on its consolidated financial statements.
In December 2019, the FASB issued ASU 2019-12 to simplify the accounting for income taxes. The ASU impacts various topic areas within ASC 740, including accounting for taxes under hybrid tax regimes, accounting for increases in goodwill, allocation of tax amounts to separate company financial statements within a group that files a consolidated tax return, intra period tax allocation, interim period accounting, and accounting for ownership changes in investments, among other minor codification improvements. The guidance in this ASU becomes effective for fiscal years, and interim periods within those fiscal years, beginning after December 15, 2020. The Company is currently evaluating this guidance and anticipates adopting effective January 1, 2021. The Company does not believe the adoption of this ASU will have a material impact on its consolidated financial statements.
Recently Adopted Accounting Standards
In August 2017, the FASB issued ASU 2017-12, Derivatives and Hedging (Topic 815): Targeted Improvements to Accounting for Hedging Activities, an update that amends and simplifies certain aspects of hedge accounting rules to increase transparency of the impact of risk management activities in the financial statements. The Company adopted this ASU on January 1, 2019. There was no material impact to the Company's consolidated financial statements.
In February 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-02, Leases (Topic 842), which amends the existing guidance for leases and requires recognition of operating leases with lease terms of more than twelve months and all financing leases on the balance sheet. For these leases, companies record assets for the rights and liabilities for the obligations that are created by the leases. This ASU requires disclosures that provide qualitative and quantitative information for the lease assets and liabilities recorded in the financial statements. The Company adopted this ASUConsolidated Financial Statements and related amendments on January 1, 2019, and has elected certain practical expedients permitted under the transition guidance. The Company elected the optional transition method that allows for a cumulative-effect adjustment in the period of adoption and did not restate prior periods. Accordingly, results for reporting periods as ofdisclosures.
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January 1, 2019 are presented under the new standard, while prior period results continue to be reported under the previous standard. As permitted, the Company (i) did not reassess whether existing contracts are or contain leases, (ii) carried forward the lease classification for any existing or expired leases, and (iii) did not reassess any initial direct costs for any existing leases and whether existing land easements and rights of way, which were not previously accounted for as leases, are leases. The Company did not elect the practical expedient of hindsight when determining the lease term of existing contracts at the effective date. The Company implemented a new lease accounting system in connection with the adoption of this ASU. The Company has operating lease right-of-use assets of $613.8 million and operating lease liabilities of $724.6 million on the Company's consolidated balance sheets upon the date of adoption, January 1, 2019. The difference between the operating lease right-of-use assets and operating lease liabilities primarily represents the existing deferred rent and tenant improvement allowance liabilities balance, resulting from historical straight-lining of operating leases, which were effectively reclassified upon adoption to reduce the measurement of the leased assets. The adoption of Topic 842 had no material impact to the consolidated statements of operations, consolidated statements of comprehensive income, consolidated statement of shareholders' equity and consolidated statements of cash flows. Refer to Note 6 for a discussion of leases.

NOTE 3. RestructuringALLOWANCE FOR DOUBTFUL ACCOUNTS
The Company's allowance for doubtful accounts was established with information available as of March 31, 2023, including reasonable and Impairment
As previously announced, in both 2017 and 2018, the Company's Board of Directors approved restructuring plans (the "2017 restructuring plan" and "2018 restructuring plan") designed to more closely align its financial resources with the critical priorities of the business and optimize operations. The Company recognized approximately $203.9 million of pre-tax charges in connection with the 2018 restructuring plan and approximately $129.1 million of pre-tax charges in connection with the 2017 restructuring plan, inclusive of $28.6 million of restructuring related goodwill impairment charges for the Company's Connected Fitness business. All restructuring charges under the plans were incurred by December 31, 2018.
Property and equipment impairment
As a part of the 2018 and 2017 restructuring plans, the Company abandoned the use of several assets included within Property and equipment, resulting in an impairment charge of $12.1 million and $30.7 million during the years ended December 31, 2018 and 2017, respectively, reducing the carrying value of these assets to their estimated fair values. Fair value was estimated using an income-approach based on management’s forecastsupportable estimates of future cash flows expected to be derived from the asset's use.
Intangible asset impairment
In connection with the 2017 restructuring plan, strategic decisions were made during the third quarter of 2017 to abandon the use of certain intangible assets in the Company's Connected Fitness reporting unit. These intangible assets included technology and brand names, resulting in total intangible asset impairment charges of $12.1 million, reducing the carrying value of these assets to their estimated fair values. Fair value was estimated using an income-approach based on management’s forecast of future cash flows expected to be derived from the asset's use.
Goodwill impairment
In addition, the Company also made the strategic decision to not pursue certain other planned future revenue streams in connection with the 2017 restructuring plan.risk. The Company determined sufficient indication existed to trigger the performance of an interim goodwill impairment for the Company’s Connected Fitness reporting unit. Using updated cash flow projections, the Company calculated the fair value of the Connected Fitness reporting unit based on the discounted cash flows model. The carrying value exceeded the fair value, resulting in an impairment of goodwill. As the excess of the carrying value for the Connected Fitness reporting unit was greater than the goodwill for this reporting unit, the Company recorded goodwill impairment of $28.6 million, which represented all of the goodwill for this reporting unit.
The summary of the costs incurred during the years ended December 31, 2018 and 2017, in connection with the 2018 and 2017 restructuring plans, respectively, are as follows:

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(In thousands)Year Ended December 31, 2018Year Ended
December 31, 2017
Costs recorded in cost of goods sold:
Inventory write-offs$20,800  $5,077  
Total cost recorded in cost of goods sold20,800  5,077  
Costs recorded in restructuring and impairment charges:
Property and equipment impairment12,146  30,677  
Intangible asset impairment—  12,054  
Goodwill impairment—  28,647  
Employee related costs9,949  14,572  
Contract exit costs114,126  12,029  
Other restructuring costs46,928  26,070  
Total costs recorded in restructuring and impairment charges183,149  124,049  
Total restructuring, impairment and restructuring related costs$203,949  $129,126  

A summary offollowing table illustrates the activity in the restructuring reserve relatedCompany's allowance for doubtful accounts:
Allowance for doubtful accounts - within accounts receivable, net
Allowance for doubtful accounts - within prepaid expenses and other current assets (1)
Balance as of December 31, 2020$20,350 $7,029 
Increases (decreases) to costs and expenses(3,821)— 
Write-offs, net of recoveries(9,401)— 
Balance as of December 31, 2021$7,128 $7,029 
Increases (decreases) to costs and expenses(36)— 
Write-offs, net of recoveries21 — 
Balance as of March 31, 2022$7,113 $7,029 
Increases (decreases) to costs and expenses5,193 — 
Write-offs, net of recoveries(1,493)(6,802)
Balance as of March 31, 2023$10,813 $227 
(1) Includes an allowance pertaining to the Company's 2017 and 2018 Restructuring Plan is as follows:
(In thousands)Employee Related CostsContract Exit CostsOther Restructuring Related Costs
Balance at January 1, 2019$8,532  $71,356  $4,876  
Additions charged to expense—  —  —  
Cash payments charged against reserve(5,732) (21,914) (4,794) 
Reclassification to operating lease liabilities (1)—  (30,572) —  
Changes in reserve estimate(2,338) (1,027) (82) 
Balance at December 31, 2019$462  $17,843  $—  
(1) Certain restructuring reserves have been reclassified to operating lease liabilities on the consolidated balance sheets in connection with the adoption of ASU 2016-02.a royalty receivable.

NOTE 4. Property and Equipment, Net
Property and equipment are stated at cost, including the cost of internal labor for software customized for internal use, less accumulated depreciation and amortization. Property and equipment is depreciated using the straight-line method over the estimated useful lives of the assets: 3 to 10 years for furniture, office equipment, software and plant equipment and 10 to 35 years for site improvements, buildings and building equipment. Leasehold and tenant improvements are amortized over the shorter of the lease term or the estimated useful lives of the assets. The cost of in-store apparel and footwear fixtures and displays are capitalized, included in furniture, fixtures and displays, and depreciated over 3 years. The Company periodically reviews assets’ estimated useful lives based upon actual experience and expected future utilization. A change in useful life is treated as a change in accounting estimate and is applied prospectively.
The Company capitalizes the cost of interest for long term property and equipment projects based on the Company’s weighted average borrowing rates in place while the projects are in progress. Capitalized interest was $1.6 million and $1.9 million as of December 31, 2019 and 2018, respectively.
Upon retirement or disposition of property and equipment, the cost and accumulated depreciation are removed from the accounts and any resulting gain or loss is reflected in selling, general and administrative expenses for that period. Major additions and betterments are capitalized to the asset accounts while maintenance and repairs, which do not improve or extend the lives of assets, are expensed as incurred.
As part of the Company's 2018 restructuring plan, the Company abandoned the use of several assets included within Property and equipment, resulting in an impairment charge of $12.1 million during the year ended December 31, 2018, reducing the carrying value of these assets to their estimated fair values.
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PROPERTY AND EQUIPMENT, NET
Property and equipment consisted of the following: 
December 31,As of March 31, 2023As of March 31, 2022As of December 31, 2021
(In thousands)20192018
Leasehold and tenant improvementsLeasehold and tenant improvements$563,061  $446,330  Leasehold and tenant improvements$462,721 $461,394 $462,588 
Furniture, fixtures and displaysFurniture, fixtures and displays235,721  218,930  Furniture, fixtures and displays289,539 263,749 259,534 
BuildingsBuildings52,184  48,230  Buildings48,632 48,382 48,382 
SoftwareSoftware337,577  286,014  Software380,586 339,722 333,560 
Office equipmentOffice equipment126,412  121,202  Office equipment132,301 132,452 132,629 
Plant equipmentPlant equipment144,844  138,867  Plant equipment178,194 178,188 178,187 
LandLand83,626  83,626  Land83,626 83,626 83,626 
Construction in progress54,771  136,916  
Construction in progress (1)
Construction in progress (1)
143,243 64,869 52,598 
OtherOther4,071  2,348  Other17,837 5,751 5,545 
Subtotal property and equipmentSubtotal property and equipment1,602,267  1,482,463  Subtotal property and equipment1,736,679 1,578,133 1,556,649 
Accumulated depreciationAccumulated depreciation(810,119) (655,595) Accumulated depreciation(1,063,943)(976,768)(949,423)
Property and equipment, netProperty and equipment, net$792,148  $826,868  Property and equipment, net$672,736 $601,365 $607,226 
(1)Construction in progress primarily includes costs incurred for construction of corporate offices, software systems, leasehold improvements and in-store fixtures and displays not yet placed in use.

Depreciation expense related to property and equipment was $177.3 million, $173.4 million and $164.3$135.7 million for the years ended December 31, 2019, 2018 and 2017, respectively.Fiscal 2023 (Fiscal 2021: $139.2 million; Fiscal 2020: $154.4 million; Transition Period: $34.5 million).

NOTE 5. Goodwill and Intangible Assets, Net
The following table summarizes changes in the carrying amount of the Company’s goodwill by reportable segment as of the periods indicated:
(In thousands) North AmericaEMEAAsia-PacificLatin America Connected FitnessTotal
Balance as of December 31, 2017$318,455  $111,155  $81,323  $44,741  $—  $555,674  
Effect of currency translation adjustment(955) (6,332) (1,913) 20  —  $(9,180) 
Balance as of December 31, 2018317,500  104,823  79,410  44,761  —  546,494  
Effect of currency translation adjustment788  1,243  (242) 1,895  —  3,684  
Balance as of December 31, 2019$318,288  $106,066  $79,168  $46,656  $—  $550,178  

As of December 31, 2019, the Company's goodwill had an aggregate carrying value of $550.2 million. The Company performed its annual impairment testing in the fourth quarter of 2019. As of the Company's annual impairment test, no impairment of goodwill was identified. The fair value of each reporting unit substantially exceeded its carrying value, with the exception of the Latin America reporting unit. The fair value of the Latin America reporting unit exceeded its carrying value by 19%. Holding all other assumptions used in the fair value measurement of the Latin America reporting unit constant, a reduction in the growth rate of revenue by 2.25 percentage points or a reduction in the growth rate of net income by 3.5 percentage points would eliminate the headroom. No events occurred during the period ended December 31, 2019 that indicated it was more likely than not that goodwill was impaired.
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The following table summarizes the Company’s intangible assets as of the periods indicated:
 December 31, 2019December 31, 2018
(In thousands)Useful Lives from Date of Acquisitions (in years)Gross
Carrying
Amount
Accumulated
Amortization
ImpairmentNet Carrying
Amount
Gross
Carrying
Amount
Accumulated
Amortization
ImpairmentNet Carrying
Amount
Intangible assets subject to amortization:
User base10$48,227  $(23,316) $—  $24,911  $48,326  $(18,456) $—  $29,870  
Technology5-72,536  (965) —  1,571  2,536  (386) —  2,150  
Customer relationships2-3—  —  —  —  9,851  (9,851) —  —  
Nutrition database104,500  (2,156) —  2,344  4,500  (1,706) —  2,794  
Lease-related intangible assets1-155,152  (2,380) —  2,772  6,114  (3,633) —  2,481  
Other5-101,428  (1,154) —  274  1,376  (1,128) —  248  
Total$61,843  $(29,970) $—  $31,871  $72,703  $(35,160) $—  $37,543  
Indefinite-lived intangible assets4,474  4,250  
Intangible assets, net$36,345  $41,793  
In connection with the Company's sale of its Brazil subsidiary, the Company sold certain indefinite-lived intangible assets in 2018, which resulted in a reduction to the net carrying amount of the Company's indefinite-lived intangible assets.
Amortization expense, which is included in selling, general and administrative expenses, was $6.1 million, $6.1 million and $8.2 million for the years ended December 31, 2019, 2018 and 2017, respectively. The following is the estimated amortization expense for the Company’s intangible assets as of December 31, 2019:
(In thousands) 
2020$6,870  
20216,582  
20226,332  
20235,690  
20245,341  
2025 and thereafter1,056  
Amortization expense of intangible assets$31,871  

6. LeasesLEASES
The Company enters into operating leases both domestically and internationally to lease certain warehouse space, office facilities, space for its brandBrand and factory houseFactory House stores, and certain equipment under non-cancelable operating leases. The leases expire at various dates through 2035, excluding extensions at the Company's option, and include provisions for rental adjustments.
The Company accounts for a contract as a lease when it has the right to direct the use of the asset for a period of time while obtaining substantially all of the asset’s economic benefits. The Company determines the initial classification and measurement of its right-of-use ("ROU") assets and lease liabilities at the lease commencement date and thereafter if modified. ROU assets represent the Company’s right to control the underlying assets under lease, over the contractual term. ROU assets and lease liabilities are recognized on the consolidated balance sheets based on the present value of future minimum lease payments to be made over the lease term. ROU assets and lease liabilities are established on the consolidated balance sheets for leases with an expected term greater than one year. Short-term lease payments were not material for Fiscal 2023, Fiscal 2021, Fiscal 2020 or the year ended December 31, 2019.Transition Period.
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As the rate implicit in the lease is not readily determinable, the Company uses its secured incremental borrowing rate to determine the present value of the lease payments. The Company calculates the incremental borrowing rate based on the current market yield curveLease Costs and adjusts for foreign currency for international leases.Other Information
Fixed lease costs are included in the recognition of ROU assets and lease liabilities. Variable lease costs are not included in the measurement of the lease liability. These variable lease payments are recognized in the consolidated statements of operations in the period in which the obligation for those payments is incurred. Variable lease payments primarily consist of payments dependent on sales in brand and factory house stores. The Company has elected to combine lease and non-lease components in the determination of lease costs for its leases. The lease liability includes lease payments related to options to extend or renew the lease term only if the Company is reasonably certain to exercise those options.
The Company recognizes lease expense on a straight-line basis over the lease term. IncludedThe following table illustrates operating and variable lease costs, included in selling, general and administrative expenses were operating lease costswithin the Company's Consolidated Statements of $166.4 million, including $12.9 million in variable lease payments,Operations, for the year ended December 31, 2019, under non-cancelable operating lease agreements.periods indicated:
Year Ended
March 31,
2023
Three Months Ended
March 31, 2022
(Transition Period)
Year Ended December 31, 2021Year Ended December 31, 2020
Operating lease costs$148,760 $36,699 $142,965 $147,390 
Variable lease costs$14,177 $3,759 $16,115 $9,293 
There are no residual value guarantees that exist, and there are no restrictions or covenants imposed by leases. The Company rents or subleases excess office facilities and warehouse space to third parties. Sublease income is not material.
Supplemental balance sheet information related to leases wasThe weighted average remaining lease term and discount rate for the periods indicated below were as follows:
December 31, 2019
Weighted average remaining lease term (in years)6.73
Weighted average discount rate4.26 %
As of
March 31, 2023
As of
March 31, 2022
As of
December 31, 2021
Weighted average remaining lease term (in years)8.038.698.73
Weighted average discount rate4.69 %3.72 %3.72 %
Supplemental Cash Flow Information
The following table presents supplemental information relating to cash flow and other information related to leases was as follows:arising from lease transactions:
Year Ended
March 31,
2023
Three Months Ended
March 31, 2022
(Transition Period)
Year Ended December 31, 2021Year Ended December 31, 2020
Operating cash outflows from operating leases$167,774 $43,903 $177,391 $155,990 
Leased assets obtained in exchange for new operating lease liabilities$181,080 $(892)$28,244 $390,957 
(In thousands)Year ended
December 31, 2019
Cash paid for amounts included in the measurement of lease liabilities
Operating cash outflows fromMaturity of Lease Liabilities
The following table presents the future minimum lease payments under the Company's operating leases
$116,811 
Leased assets obtained in exchange for new operating lease liabilities$70,075 
Maturities of lease liabilities are as follows:
(In thousands)
2020$152,920  
2021136,219  
2022123,477  
2023109,053  
202492,000  
2025 and thereafter209,492  
Total lease payments$823,161  
Less: Interest116,626  
Total present value of lease liabilities$706,535  
of March 31, 2023:
Fiscal year ending March 31,
2024$175,002 
2025160,326 
2026127,319 
2027107,147 
202889,890 
2029 and thereafter355,135 
Total lease payments$1,014,819 
Less: Interest168,116 
Total present value of lease liabilities$846,703 
As of DecemberMarch 31, 2019,2023, the Company has additional operating lease obligations that have not yet commenced of approximately $350.2$13.0 million, which are not reflected in the table above. These relate to retail store lease obligations commencing

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NOTE 6. GOODWILL
The following table summarizes changes in 2020, with lease terms up to 15 years, and primarily relate to a flagship store.the carrying amount of the Company's goodwill by reportable segment as of the periods indicated:
 North AmericaEMEAAsia-PacificLatin AmericaTotal
Balance as of December 31, 2020$301,523 $113,037 $87,654 $— $502,214 
Effect of currency translation adjustment(152)(5,296)(1,551)— (6,999)
Balance as of December 31, 2021$301,371 $107,741 $86,103 $— $495,215 
Effect of currency translation adjustment— (2,688)(1,019)— (3,707)
Balance as of March 31, 2022$301,371 $105,053 $85,084 $— $491,508 
Effect of currency translation adjustment— (3,957)(5,559)— (9,516)
Balance as of March 31, 2023$301,371 $101,096 $79,525 $— $481,992 
Supplemental Information for Comparative PeriodsThere were no goodwill impairments recorded during Fiscal 2023, Fiscal 2021 or the Transition Period.

NOTE 7. INTANGIBLE ASSETS, NET
The following is a schedule of future minimum lease payments for non-cancelable real property and equipment operating leasestables summarize the Company's intangible assets as of December 31, 2018:the periods indicated:
 Useful Lives from Date of Acquisitions (in years)As of March 31, 2023
Gross Carrying
Amount
Accumulated
Amortization
Net Carrying
Amount
Intangible assets subject to amortization:
Technology5-7$2,536 $(2,503)$33 
Customer relationships2-68,711 (4,377)4,334 
Lease-related intangible assets1-151,664 (1,542)122 
Total$12,911 $(8,422)$4,489 
Indefinite-lived intangible assets4,451 
Intangible assets, net$8,940 

 Useful Lives from Date of Acquisitions (in years)As of March 31, 2022
Gross Carrying
Amount
Accumulated
Amortization
Net Carrying
Amount
Intangible assets subject to amortization:
Technology5-7$2,536 $(2,103)$433 
Customer relationships2-68,552 (2,893)5,659 
Lease-related intangible assets1-159,112 (8,892)220 
Other5-10475 (427)48 
Total$20,675 $(14,315)$6,360 
Indefinite-lived intangible assets4,220 
Intangible assets, net$10,580 
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(In thousands)
2019$142,648  
2020148,171  
2021154,440  
2022141,276  
2023128,027  
2024 and thereafter699,262  
Total future minimum lease payments$1,413,824  
 Useful Lives from Date of Acquisitions
(in years)
As of December 31, 2021
Gross Carrying
Amount
Accumulated
Amortization
Net Carrying
Amount
Intangible assets subject to amortization:
Technology5-7$2,536 $(2,003)$533 
Customer relationships2-68,567 (2,552)6,015 
Lease-related intangible assets1-158,852 (8,602)250 
Other5-10475 (415)60 
Total$20,430 $(13,572)$6,858 
Indefinite-lived intangible assets4,152 
Intangible assets, net$11,010 
IncludedAmortization expense, which is included in selling, general and administrative expenses, was rent expense of $152.7 million and $141.2$1.9 million for Fiscal 2023 (Fiscal 2021: $2.0 million; Fiscal 2020: $7.0 million; Transition Period: $0.5 million).
During Fiscal 2023, the years ended December 31, 2018Company reduced the gross carrying amount and 2017, respectively, under non-cancelable operating lease agreements. Includedrelated accumulated amortization of certain of its lease-related and other intangible assets by $8.3 million as a result of such assets being fully amortized and no longer in these amounts was contingent rentuse.
The following is the estimated amortization expense of $14.2 million and $15.5 million for the years ended DecemberCompany's intangible assets as of March 31, 2018 and 2017, respectively.2023:
Fiscal year ending March 31,
2024$1,561 
20251,522 
20261,397 
2027
2028 and thereafter— 
Total amortization expense of intangible assets$4,489 

7. Credit FacilityNOTE 8. CREDIT FACILITY AND OTHER LONG TERM DEBT
The Company's outstanding debt consisted of the following:
As of
March 31, 2023
As of
March 31, 2022
As of
December 31, 2021
1.50% Convertible Senior Notes due 2024$80,919 $80,919 $80,919 
3.25% Senior Notes due 2026600,000 600,000 600,000 
Total principal payments due680,919 680,919 680,919 
Unamortized debt discount on Convertible Senior Notes(1)
— — (9,207)
Unamortized debt discount on Senior Notes(814)(1,067)(1,131)
Unamortized debt issuance costs - Convertible Senior Notes(267)(677)(779)
Unamortized debt issuance costs - Senior Notes(1,728)(2,266)(2,401)
Unamortized debt issuance costs - Credit facility(3,632)(4,623)(4,870)
Total amount outstanding674,478 672,286 662,531 
Less:
Current portion of long-term debt:
Credit Facility borrowings— — — 
Non-current portion of long-term debt$674,478 $672,286 $662,531 
(1) The Company adopted ASU 2020-06, effective January 1, 2022 using the modified retrospective transition approach. As a result of this adoption, the Company derecognized the remaining unamortized debt discount on Convertible Senior Notes and Other Long Term Debtrecorded a cumulative effect adjustment to retained earnings.
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Credit Facility
On March 8, 2019, the Company entered into an amended and restated credit agreement by and among the Company, as borrower, JPMorgan Chase Bank, N.A., as administrative agent, PNC Bank, National Association, as syndication agent and the other lenders and arrangers party thereto (the "credit agreement"), amending. In May 2020, May 2021 and restatingDecember 2021, the Company's priorCompany entered into the first, second and third amendments to the credit agreement.agreement, respectively (the credit agreement as amended, the "amended credit agreement" or the "revolving credit facility"). The amended credit agreement provides for revolving credit commitments of $1.1 billion and has a term of five years, maturing in March 2024,that ends on December 3, 2026, with permitted extensions under certain circumstances, and provides revolving credit commitments of up to $1.25 billion of borrowings, but no term loan borrowings, which were provided for under the prior credit agreement.circumstances. As of March 31, 2023, March 31, 2022 and December 31, 2019,2021, there were 0no amounts outstanding under the revolving credit facility or the term loan. As of December 31, 2018, there were 0 amounts outstanding under the revolving credit facility and $136.3 million outstanding under the term loan.facility.
At the Company's request and thea lender's consent, revolving and or term loan borrowingscommitments under the amended credit agreement may be increased by up to $300.0 million in aggregate, subject to certain conditions as set forth in the amended credit agreement, as amended.agreement. Incremental borrowings are uncommitted and the availability thereof will depend on market conditions at the time the Company seeks to incur such borrowings.
The borrowingsBorrowings, if any, under the revolving credit facility have maturities of less than one year. Up to $50.0 million of the facility may be used for the issuance of letters of credit. ThereAs of March 31, 2023, there were $5.0$4.4 million of letters of credit outstanding as of(March 31, 2022: $4.5 million; December 31, 2019.2021: $4.3 million).
The obligations of the Company under the amended credit agreement are guaranteed by certain domestic significant subsidiaries of Under Armour, Inc., subject to customary exceptions (the "subsidiary guarantors") and primarily secured by a first-priority security interest in substantially all of the assets of Under Armour, Inc. and the subsidiary guarantors, excluding real property, capital stock in and debt of subsidiaries of Under Armour, Inc. holding certain real property and other customary exceptions. The amended credit agreement provides for the permanent fall away of guarantees and collateral upon the Company's achievement of investment grade rating from two rating agencies.
The amended credit agreement contains negative covenants that, subject to significant exceptions, limit the Company's ability of the Company and its subsidiaries to, among other things,things: incur additional indebtedness, make restricted payments,secured and unsecured indebtedness; pledge theirthe assets as security,security; make investments, loans, advances, guarantees and acquisitions (including investments in and loans to non-guarantor subsidiaries); undergo fundamental changes andchanges; sell assets outside the ordinary course of business; enter into transactions with affiliates. affiliates; and make restricted payments.
The Company is also required to maintain a ratio of consolidated EBITDA, as defined in the credit agreement, to consolidated interest expense of not less than 3.50 to 1.001.0 (the "interest coverage covenant") and the Company is not permitted to allow the ratio of consolidated total indebtedness to consolidated EBITDA to be greater than 3.25 to 1.00 ("consolidated leverage ratio"1.0 (the "leverage covenant")., as described in more detail in the amended credit agreement. As of DecemberMarch 31, 2019,2023, the Company was in compliance with these ratios. the applicable covenants.
In addition, the amended credit agreement contains events of default that are customary for a facility of this nature, and includes a cross default provision whereby an event of default under other material indebtedness, as defined in the amended credit agreement, will be considered an event of default under the amended credit agreement.
The amended credit agreement implements SOFR as the replacement of LIBOR as a benchmark interest rate for U.S. dollar borrowings (and analogous benchmark rate replacements for borrowings in Yen, Canadian dollars, Pound Sterling and Euro). Borrowings under the amended credit agreement bear interest at a rate per annum equal to, at the Company’sCompany's option, either (a) an alternate base rate or(for borrowings in U.S. dollars), (b) a term rate based on the rates applicable for deposits(for borrowings in the interbank market for U.S. Dollarsdollars, Euro, Japanese Yen or the applicable currencyCanadian dollars) or (c) a "risk free" rate (for borrowings in which the loans are made (“adjusted LIBOR”)U.S. dollars or Pounds Sterling), plus in each case an applicable margin. The applicable margin for loans will be adjusted by reference to a grid (the “Pricing Grid”"pricing grid") based on the consolidated leverage ratio of consolidated total indebtedness to consolidated EBITDA and ranges between 1.00% to 1.25% for adjusted LIBOR1.75% (or, in the case of alternate base loans, and 0.00% to 0.25% for alternate base rate loans. The weighted average interest rate under the outstanding term loan was 3.2% during the year ended December 31, 2018. During the year ended December 31, 2019, there were 0 borrowings under the outstanding term loan. The weighted average interest rate under the revolving credit facility borrowings was 3.6% and 3.0% during the years ended December 31, 2019 and 2018, respectively.0.75%). The Company payswill also pay a commitment fee determined in accordance with the pricing grid on the average daily unused amount of the revolving credit facility and certain fees with respect to letters of credit. As of DecemberMarch 31, 2019,2023, the commitment fee was 1517.5 basis points. Since inception,
1.50% Convertible Senior Notes
In May 2020, the Company incurredissued $500.0 million aggregate principal amount of 1.50% convertible senior notes due 2024 (the "Convertible Senior Notes"). The Convertible Senior Notes bear interest at the fixed rate of 1.50% per annum, payable semiannually in arrears on June 1 and deferred $3.4December 1 of each year, beginning December 1, 2020. The Convertible Senior Notes will mature on June 1, 2024, unless earlier converted in accordance with
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their terms, redeemed in accordance with their terms or repurchased.
The net proceeds from the offering (including the net proceeds from the exercise of the over-allotment option) were $488.8 million, after deducting the initial purchasers' discount and estimated offering expenses paid by the Company, of which the Company used $47.9 million to pay the cost of the capped call transactions described below. The Company utilized $439.9 million to repay indebtedness that was outstanding under its revolving credit facility at the time, and to pay related fees and expenses.
The Convertible Senior Notes are not secured and are not guaranteed by any of the Company's subsidiaries. The indenture governing the Convertible Senior Notes does not contain any financial or operating covenants or restrictions on the payments of dividends, the incurrence of indebtedness or the issuance or repurchase of securities by the Company or any of its subsidiaries.
During Fiscal 2021, the Company entered into exchange agreements with certain holders of the Convertible Senior Notes, who agreed to exchange approximately $419.1 million in financing costsaggregate principal amount of the Convertible Senior Notes for cash and/or shares of the Company's Class C Common Stock, plus payment for accrued and unpaid interest (the "Exchanges"). In connection with the Exchanges, the Company paid approximately $507.0 million cash and issued approximately 18.8 million shares of the Company's Class C Common Stock to the exchanging holders. Additionally, the Company recognized losses on debt extinguishment of $58.5 million during Fiscal 2021, within Other Income (Expense), net on the Company's Consolidated Statements of Operations. Following the Exchanges, approximately $80.9 million aggregate principal amount of the Convertible Senior Notes remain outstanding as of March 31, 2023.
The Convertible Senior Notes are convertible into cash, shares of the Company's Class C Common Stock or a combination of cash and shares of Class C Common Stock, at the Company's election, as described further below. The initial conversion rate is 101.8589 shares of the Company's Class C Common Stock per $1,000 principal amount of Convertible Senior Notes (equivalent to an initial conversion price of approximately $9.82 per share of Class C Common Stock), subject to adjustment if certain events occur. Prior to the close of business on the business day immediately preceding January 1, 2024, holders may (at their option) convert their Convertible Senior Notes only upon satisfaction of one or more of the following conditions:
during any calendar quarter commencing after the calendar quarter ended on September 30, 2020 (and only during such calendar quarter), if the last reported sale price of the Company's Class C Common Stock for at least 20 trading days (whether or not consecutive) during the period of 30 consecutive trading days ending on, and including, the last trading day of the immediately preceding calendar quarter is greater than or equal to 130% of the conversion price on each applicable trading day;
during the five business day period after any five consecutive trading day period (the "measurement period") in which the trading price per $1,000 principal amount of Convertible Senior Notes for each trading day of the measurement period was less than 98% of the product of the last reported sale price of the Company's Class C Common Stock and the conversion rate on each such trading day;
upon the occurrence of specified corporate events or distributions on the Company's Class C Common Stock; or
if the Company calls any Convertible Senior Notes for redemption prior to the close of business on the business day immediately preceding January 1, 2024.
On or after January 1, 2024, until the close of business on the second scheduled trading day immediately preceding the maturity date, holders may convert all or any portion of their Convertible Senior Notes at the conversion rate at any time irrespective of the foregoing conditions.
Beginning on December 6, 2022, the Company may redeem for cash all or any part of the Convertible Senior Notes, at its option, if the last reported sale price of the Company's Class C Common Stock has been at least 130% of the conversion price then in effect for at least 20 trading days (whether or not consecutive) during any 30 consecutive trading day period (including the last trading day of such period) ending on, and including, the trading day immediately preceding the date on which the Company provides notice of redemption at a redemption price equal to 100% of the aggregate principal amount of the Convertible Senior Notes to be redeemed, plus accrued and unpaid interest to, but excluding, the redemption date.
If the Company undergoes a fundamental change (as defined in the indenture governing the Convertible Senior Notes) prior to the maturity date, subject to certain conditions, holders may require the Company to repurchase for cash all or any portion of their Convertible Senior Notes in principal amounts of $1,000 or an integral multiple thereof at a price which will be equal to 100% of the aggregate principal amount of the Convertible Senior
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Notes to be repurchased, plus accrued and unpaid interest to, but excluding, the fundamental change repurchase date.
Concurrently with the offering of the Convertible Senior Notes, the Company entered into privately negotiated capped call transactions with JPMorgan Chase Bank, National Association, HSBC Bank USA, National Association, and Citibank, N.A. (the "option counterparties"). The capped call transactions are expected generally to reduce potential dilution to the Company's Class C Common Stock upon any conversion of Convertible Senior Notes and/or offset any cash payments the Company is required to make in excess of the aggregate principal amount of converted Convertible Senior Notes upon any conversion thereof, as the case may be, with such reduction and/or offset subject to a cap based on the cap price. The cap price of the capped call transactions is initially $13.4750 per share of the Company's Class C Common Stock, representing a premium of 75% above the last reported sale price of the Company's Class C Common Stock on May 21, 2020, and is subject to certain adjustments under the terms of the capped call transactions.
During Fiscal 2021, concurrently with the Exchanges, the Company entered into, with each of the option counterparties, termination agreements relating to a number of options corresponding to the number of Convertible Senior Notes exchanged. Pursuant to such termination agreements, each of the option counterparties paid the Company a cash settlement amount in respect of the portion of capped call transactions being terminated. The Company received approximately $91.7 million in connection with such termination agreements related to the credit agreement.Exchanges.
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TableThe Convertible Senior Notes contain a cash conversion feature. Prior to the adoption of ContentsASU 2020-06, the Company had separated it into liability and equity components. The Company valued the liability component based on its borrowing rate for a similar debt instrument that does not contain a conversion feature. The equity component, which was recognized as a debt discount, was valued as the difference between the face value of the Convertible Senior Notes and the fair value of the liability component.
The Company adopted ASU 2020-06 on January 1, 2022 using the modified retrospective method. As a result, the Convertible Senior Notes are no longer accounted for as separate liability and equity components, but rather a single liability. See Note 2 to the Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements included in Part I of the Company's Transition Report of Form 10-QT for the three months ended March 31, 2022 for more details.
3.250% Senior Notes
In June 2016, the Company issued $600.0 million aggregate principal amount of 3.250% senior unsecured notes due June 15, 2026 (the “Notes”"Senior Notes"). The proceeds were used to pay down amounts outstanding underSenior Notes bear interest at the revolving credit facility. Interest isfixed rate of 3.250% per annum, payable semi-annually on June 15 and December 15 beginning December 15, 2016. Prior to March 15, 2026 (three months prior to the maturity date of the Notes), theThe Company may redeem some or all of the Senior Notes at any time, or from time to time, at a redemption price equal to the greater of 100% of the principal amount of the Notes to be redeemed or a “make-whole” amount applicable to such Notes asprices described in the indenture governing the Notes, plus accrued and unpaid interest to, but excluding, the redemption date. On or after March 15, 2026 (three months prior to the maturity date of the Notes), the Company may redeem some or all of the Notes at any time or from time to time at a redemption price equal to 100% of the principal amount of the Notes to be redeemed, plus accrued and unpaid interest to, but excluding, the redemption date.
Senior Notes. The indenture governing the Senior Notes contains negative covenants including limitations that restrictlimit the Company’sCompany's ability and the ability ofto engage in certain of its subsidiaries to create or incur secured indebtedness and enter into sale and leaseback transactions and the Company’s ability to consolidate, merge or transfer all or substantially all of its properties or assets to another person, in each caseare subject to material exceptions described in the indenture. The Company incurred and deferred $5.3$5.4 million in financing costs in connection with the Senior Notes.
Other Long Term Debt
In December 2012, the Company entered into a $50.0 million recourse loan collateralized by the land, buildings and tenant improvements comprising the Company's corporate headquarters. In July 2018, this loan was paid in full, without penalties, using borrowings under the Company's revolving credit facility.
The following are the scheduled maturities of long term debt as of December 31, 2019:
(In thousands)
2020$— 
2021— 
2022— 
2023— 
2024— 
2025 and thereafter600,000 
Total scheduled maturities of long term debt$600,000 
Current maturities of long term debt$— 
Interest Expense
Interest expense net was $21.2 million, $33.6 million, and $34.5 million for the years ended December 31, 2019, 2018 and 2017, respectively. Interest expense includes the amortization of deferred financing costs, bank fees, capital and built-to-suit lease interest and interest expense under the credit and other long term debt facilities. Amortization of deferred financing costsInterest expense, net was $2.4 million, $1.5 million, and $1.3$12.8 million for Fiscal 2023 (Fiscal 2021: $44.3 million; Fiscal 2020: $47.3 million; Transition Period: $6.2 million).
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Maturity of Long Term Debt
The following are the years ended Decemberscheduled maturities of long term debt as of March 31, 2019, 2018 and 2017, respectively.2023:
Fiscal year ending March 31,
2024$— 
202580,919 
2026— 
2027600,000 
2028— 
2029 and thereafter— 
Total scheduled maturities of long term debt$680,919 
Current maturities of long term debt$— 
The Company monitors the financial health and stability of its lenders under the credit and other long term debt facilities, however during any period of significant instability in the credit markets, lenders could be negatively impacted in their ability to perform under these facilities.

8. Commitments and ContingenciesNOTE 9. COMMITMENTS AND CONTINGENCIES
Sports Marketing and Other Commitments
Within the normal course of business, the Company enters into contractual commitments in order to promote the Company’s brand and products. These commitments include sponsorship agreements with teams and athletes on the collegiate and professional levels, official supplier agreements, athletic event sponsorships and other marketing commitments. The following is a schedule of the Company’s future minimum payments under its sponsorship and other marketing agreements as of DecemberMarch 31, 2019, as well as significant sponsorship and other marketing agreements entered into during the period after December 31, 2019 through the date of this report:
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(In thousands) 
2020$131,297  
2021114,407  
2022105,255  
202399,260  
202487,536  
2025 and thereafter141,354  
Total future minimum sponsorship and other payments$679,109  
Fiscal year ending March 31,
2024$83,342 
2025142,396 
202647,362 
202723,867 
202816,708 
2029 and thereafter98,750 
Total future minimum sponsorship and other payments$412,425 
The amounts listed above are the minimum compensation obligations and guaranteed royalty fees required to be paid under the Company’s sponsorship and other marketing agreements. The amounts listed above do not include additional performance incentives and product supply obligations provided under certainthe agreements. It is not possible to determine how much the Company will spend on product supply obligations on an annual basis as contracts generally do not stipulate specific cash amounts to be spent on products. The amount of product provided to the sponsorships depends on many factors including general playing conditions, the number of sporting events in which they participate and the Company’s decisions regarding product and marketing initiatives. In addition, the costs to design, develop, source and purchase the products furnished to the endorsers are incurred over a period of time and are not necessarily tracked separately from similar costs incurred for products sold to customers.
Other
In connection with various contracts and agreements, the Company has agreed to indemnify counterparties against certain third party claims relating to the infringement of intellectual property rights and other items. Generally, such indemnification obligations do not apply in situations in which the counterparties are grossly negligent, engage in willful misconduct, or act in bad faith. Based on the Company’s historical experience and the estimated probability of future loss, the Company has determined that the fair value of such indemnifications is not material to its consolidated financial position or results of operations.
From time to time, the Company is involved in litigation and other proceedings, including matters related to commercial and intellectual property disputes, as well as trade, regulatory and other claims related to its business. Other than as described below, the Company believes that all current proceedings are routine in nature and incidental to the conduct of its business, and thatbusiness. However, the ultimate resolutionmatters described below, if decided adversely to or settled by
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the Company, could result, individually or in the aggregate, in a liability material adverse effect on itsto the Company's consolidated financial position, results of operations or cash flows.
In re Under Armour Securities Litigation
On March 23, 2017, 3three separate securities cases previously filed against the Company in the United States District Court for the District of Maryland (the “District Court”"District Court") were consolidated under the caption In re Under Armour Securities Litigation,, Case No. 17-cv-00388-RDB (the “Consolidated Action”"Consolidated Securities Action"). On August 4, 2017,November 6 and December 17, 2019, two additional putative securities class actions were filed in the lead plaintiffDistrict Court against the Company and certain of its current and former executives (captioned Patel v. Under Armour, Inc., No. 1:19-cv-03209-RDB ("Patel"), and Waronker v. Under Armour, Inc., No. 1:19-cv-03581-RDB ("Waronker"), respectively). On September 14, 2020, the District Court issued an order that, among other things, consolidated the Patel and Waronker cases into the Consolidated Securities Action.
The operative complaint (the Third Amended Complaint or the "TAC") in the Consolidated Securities Action, North East Scotland Pension Fund, joined by named plaintiff Bucks CountyEmployees Retirement Fund,was filed a consolidated amended complaint (the “Amended Complaint”) against the Company, the Company’s then-Chief Executive Officer, Kevin Plank,on October 14, 2020. The TAC asserts claims under Sections 10(b) and former Chief Financial Officers Lawrence Molloy and Brad Dickerson. The Amended Complaint alleges violations of Section 10(b) (and Rule 10b-5)20(a) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the “Exchange Act”"Exchange Act"), against the Company and Mr. Plank and under Section 20(a) control person liability under20A of the Exchange Act against the officers named in the Amended Complaint, claimingMr. Plank. The TAC alleges that the defendants made material misstatementssupposedly concealed purportedly declining consumer demand for certain of the Company's products between the third quarter of 2015 and omissionsthe fourth quarter of 2016 by making allegedly false and misleading statements regarding the Company's performance and future prospects and by engaging in undisclosed and allegedly improper sales and accounting practices, including shifting sales between quarterly periods allegedly to appear healthier. The TAC also alleges that the defendants purportedly failed to disclose that the Company was under investigation by and cooperating with the U.S. Department of Justice ("DOJ") and the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission (the "SEC") since July 2017. The class period identified in the TAC is September 16, 2015 through November 1, 2019.
Discovery in the Consolidated Securities Action commenced on June 4, 2021 and is currently ongoing. On July 23, 2021, the Company and Mr. Plank filed an answer to the TAC denying all allegations of wrongdoing and asserting affirmative defenses to the claims asserted in the TAC. On December 1, 2021, the plaintiffs filed a motion seeking, among other things, certification of the class they are seeking to represent in the Consolidated Securities Action. On September 29, 2022, the court granted the plaintiffs' class certification motion.
The Company continues to believe that the claims asserted in the Consolidated Securities Action are without merit and intends to defend the lawsuit vigorously.
State Court Derivative Complaints
In June and July 2018, two purported stockholder derivative complaints were filed in Maryland state court (in cases captioned Kenney v. Plank, et al. (filed June 29, 2018) and Luger v. Plank, et al. (filed July 26, 2018), respectively). The cases were consolidated on October 19, 2018 under the caption Kenney v. Plank, et. al. The consolidated complaint in the Kenney matter names Mr. Plank, certain other current and former members of the Company's Board of Directors, certain former Company executives, and Sagamore Development Company, LLC ("Sagamore") as defendants, and names the Company as a nominal defendant. The consolidated complaint asserts breach of fiduciary duty, unjust enrichment, and corporate waste claims against the individual defendants and asserts a claim against Sagamore for aiding and abetting certain of the alleged breaches of fiduciary duty. The consolidated complaint seeks damages on behalf of the Company and certain corporate governance related actions.
The consolidated complaint includes allegations challenging, among other things, the Company's disclosures related to growth and consumer demand for certain of the Company's products.products, as well as stock sales by certain individual defendants. The class period identifiedconsolidated complaint also makes allegations related to the Company's 2016 purchase from entities controlled by Mr. Plank (through Sagamore) of certain parcels of land to accommodate the Company's growth needs, which was approved by the Audit Committee of the Company's Board of Directors in accordance with the Company's policy on transactions with related persons.
On March 29, 2019, the court in the Amended Complaint is September 16, 2015 through January 30, 2017. The Amended Complaint also assertsconsolidated Kenney action granted the Company's and the defendants' motion to stay that case pending the outcome of both the Consolidated Securities Action and an earlier-filed derivative action asserting similar claims under Sections 11 and 15to those asserted in the Kenney action relating to the Company's purchase of parcels in the Baltimore Peninsula, an area of Baltimore previously referred to as Port Covington (which derivative action has since been dismissed in its entirety).
Prior to the filing of the Securities Actderivative complaints in Kenney v. Plank, et al. and Luger v. Plank, et al., both of 1933, as amended (the “Securities Act”), in connection with the Company’s public offeringpurported stockholders had sent the Company's Board of senior unsecured notes in June 2016. The Securities Act claims are asserted againstDirectors a letter demanding that the Company pursue claims similar to the Mr. Plank, Mr. Molloy, the Company’s directors who signed the registration statement pursuant to which the offering was made and the underwriters that participatedclaims asserted in the offering. The Amended Complaint allegesderivative complaints. Following an investigation, a majority of
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disinterested and independent directors of the Company determined that the offering materials utilized in connection with the offering contained false and/or misleading statements and omissions regarding, among other things, the Company’s growth and consumer demand for certain of the Company’s products.
On November 9, 2017,claims should not be pursued by the Company and both of these purported stockholders were informed of that determination.
In 2020, two additional purported shareholder derivative complaints were filed in Maryland state court, in cases captioned Cordell v. Plank, et al. (filed August 11, 2020) and Salo v. Plank, et al. (filed October 21, 2020), respectively.
Prior to the other defendants filed motions to dismissfiling of the Amended Complaint. On September 19, 2018,derivative complaints in these two actions, neither of the District Court dismissedpurported stockholders made a demand that the Securities ActCompany's Board of Directors pursue the claims with prejudice and the Exchange Act claims without prejudice. The lead plaintiff filed a Second Amended Complaint on November 16, 2018, asserting claims under the Exchange Act and naming the Company and Mr. Plank as the remaining defendants. The remaining defendants filed a motion to dismiss the Second Amended Complaint on January 17, 2019. On August 19, 2019, the District Court dismissed the Second Amended Complaint with prejudice.
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In September 2019, plaintiffs filed an appealasserted in the United States Court of Appeals forcomplaints. In October 2021, the Fourth Circuit challengingcourt issued an order (i) consolidating the decisions by the District Court on September 19, 2018Cordell and August 19, 2019 (the “Appeal”). The Appeal was fully briefed as of January 16, 2020. On November 18, 2019, before briefing on the Appeal was complete, the lead plaintiff filed in the District Court a motion for an indicative ruling under Federal Rule of Civil Procedure 62.1 (the “Rule 62.1 Motion”) seeking relief from the final judgment pursuant to Federal Rule of Civil Procedure 60(b). The Rule 62.1 Motion alleged that purported newly discovered evidence entitled the lead plaintiff to relief from the District Court’s final judgment. On January 22, 2020, the District Court granted the Rule 62.1 motion and indicated that it would grant a motion for relief from the final judgment and provide the lead plaintiffSalo actions with the opportunity to fileconsolidated Kenney action into a third amended complaint ifsingle consolidated derivative action (the "Consolidated State Derivative Action"); (ii) designating the Fourth Circuit remands for that purpose. The District Court further stated that it would, upon remand, consolidate the matter with Patel v. Under Armour, Inc. and Waronker v. Under Armour Inc., described below, and appoint the lead plaintiff of In re Under Armour Securities LitigationKenney action as the lead plaintiff overcase; and (iii) specifying that the consolidated cases.scheduling order in the Kenney action shall control the Consolidated State Derivative Action.
The Company continues to believebelieves that the claims asserted in the Consolidated State Derivative Action are without merit and intends to defend the lawsuitthis matter vigorously. However, because of the inherent uncertainty as to the outcome of this proceeding, the Company is unable at this time to estimate the possible impact of this matter.
Patel v. Under Armour, Inc. and Waronker v. Under Armour, Inc.
On November 6, 2019, a purported shareholder of the Company filed a securities case in the United States District Court for the District of Maryland against the Company and the Company’s then-Chief Executive Officer, Kevin Plank, Chief Financial Officer, David Bergman, and then-Chief Operating Officer, Patrik Frisk, as well as former Chief Financial Officer, Lawrence Molloy (captioned Patel v. Under Armour, Inc., No 1:19-cv-03209-RDB). The complaint alleges violations of Section 10(b) (and Rule 10b-5) of the Exchange Act, against all defendants, and Section 20(a) control person liability under the Exchange Act against the current and former officers named in the complaint. The complaint claims that the defendants’ disclosures and statements supposedly misrepresented or omitted that the Company was purportedly shifting sales between quarterly periods allegedly to appear healthier and that the Company was under investigation by and cooperating with the United States Department of Justice and the United States Securities and Exchange Commission since July 2017. The class period identified in the complaint is August 3, 2016 through November 1, 2019, inclusive.
On December 17, 2019, a purported shareholder of the Company filed a securities case in the United States District Court for the District of Maryland against the Company and Mr. Plank, Mr. Bergman and Mr. Frisk, as well as two former Chief Financial Officers of the Company (captioned Waronker v. Under Armour, Inc., No. 1:19-cv-03581-RDB). Like the Patel complaint, the Waronker complaint alleges violations of Section 10(b) (and Rule 10b-5) of the Exchange Act, against all defendants, and Section 20(a) control person liability under the Exchange Act against the current and former officers named in the complaint. The complaint claims that the defendants’ disclosures and statements supposedly misrepresented or omitted that the Company was purportedly shifting sales between quarterly periods allegedly to appear healthier and that the Company was under investigation by and cooperating with the United States Department of Justice and the United States Securities and Exchange Commission since July 2017. The class period identified in the complaint is September 16, 2015 through November 1, 2019, inclusive.
The Court has not consolidated these cases or appointed a lead plaintiff and the Company has no pending deadline to respond to the complaint in either of these actions. As described above, the Court indicated in a January 22, 2020 decision in the In re Under Armour Securities Litigation case that it anticipated consolidating that matter with these cases and appointing the lead plaintiff in In re Under Armour Securities Litigation as the lead plaintiff over the consolidated cases, in the event that the Fourth Circuit remands the In re Under Armour Securities Litigation case.
The Company believes that the claims are without merit and intends to defend the lawsuits vigorously. However, because of the inherent uncertainty as to the outcome of these proceedings, the Company is unable at this time to estimate the possible impact of these matters.
Olin Derivative Complaint
On December 26, 2019, Dale Olin, a purported shareholder of the Company, filed a shareholder derivative lawsuit in state court in Baltimore, Maryland, captioned Olin v. Under Armour, Inc., et al., No. 24-C-19-006850 (Md. Cir. Ct.). The complaint was brought against Mr. Plank, Mr. Bergman and Mr. Frisk, and certain other members of the Company’s Board of Directors and names the Company as a nominal defendant. The complaint alleges that the defendants breached their fiduciary duties between August 2016 and November 2019 by (i) failing to disclose or take appropriate action regarding alleged shifting of sales between quarterly periods to appear healthier, (ii) failing
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to “adhere to accepted accounting principles regarding revenue recognition, which resulted in materially false and misleading public statements by the Company,” (iii) failing to disclose that the Company was under investigation by and cooperating with the United States Department of Justice and the United States Securities and Exchange Commission, and (iv) exposing the Company to the aforementioned investigations and to a securities fraud class action. The Company has not yet responded to the complaint. On February 5, 2020, the parties filed a joint motion for assignment of the action to the Business & Technology Case Management Program and a stipulation setting forth a deadline of March 12, 2020 for the Company to respond to the complaint.
Prior to the filing of the derivative complaint in Olin v. Under Armour, Inc., et al., the purported stockholder did not make a demand that the Company pursue claims similar to the claims asserted in the complaint.
The Company believes that the claims are without merit and intends to defend the lawsuit vigorously. However, because of the inherent uncertainty as to the outcome of this proceeding, the Company is unable at this time to estimate the possible impact of this matter.
SagamoreFederal Court Derivative Complaints
In April 2018, two purported stockholders filedOn January 27, 2021, the District Court entered an order consolidating for all purposes four separate stockholder derivative complaintscases that previously had been filed in the United States District Court for the District of Maryland. These were brought against Mr. Plank and certain other members of the Company’s Board of Directors and name the Company as a nominal defendant. The complaints make allegations related to the Company’s purchase of certain parcels of land from entities controlled by Mr. Plank (through Sagamore Development Company, LLC (“Sagamore”)), as well as other related party transactions.
Sagamore purchased these parcels in 2014. Its total investment in the parcels was approximately $72.0 million, which included the initial $35.0 million purchase price for the property, an additional $30.6 million to terminate a lease encumbering the property and approximately $6.4 million of development costs. As previously disclosed, in June 2016, the Company purchased the unencumbered parcels for $70.3 million in order to further expand the Company’s corporate headquarters to accommodate its growth needs. The Company negotiated a purchase price for the parcels that it determined represented the fair market value of the parcels and approximated the cost to the seller to purchase and develop the parcels. In connection with its evaluation of the potential purchase, the Company engaged an independent third-party to appraise the fair market value of the parcels, and the Audit Committee of the Company’s Board of Directors engaged its own independent appraisal firm to assess the parcels. The Audit Committee determined that the terms of the purchase were reasonable and fair, and the transaction was approved by the Audit Committee in accordance with the Company’s policy on transactions with related persons.
On March 20, 2019, these cases were consolidated under the caption In re Under Armour, Inc. Shareholder Derivative Litigation and a lead plaintiff was appointed by the court. On May 1, 2019,February 2, 2023, the District Court issued an order appointing Balraj Paul and Anthony Viskovich as lead plaintiff filed a consolidated derivative complaint asserting that Mr. Plankplaintiffs (“Derivative Lead Plaintiffs”), appointing counsel for the Derivative Lead Plaintiffs as lead counsel, and the director defendants breached their fiduciary duties in connection with the purchase of the parcels and other related party transactions and that Sagamore aided and abetted the alleged breaches of fiduciary duty by the other defendants in connection with Sagamore’s alleged role in the sale of the parcels to the Company. The consolidated complaint also asserts an unjust enrichment claim against Mr. Plank and Sagamore. It seeks damages on behalf of the Company and certain corporate governance related actions. The Company and the defendants filed a motion to dismissrecaptioning the consolidated complaint on July 2, 2019, which was fully briefedcase as of October 17, 2019 and is currently pending.
In June and July 2018, 3 additional purported stockholder derivative complaints were filed. Two of the complaints were filed in Maryland state court (in cases captioned KenneyPaul et al. v. Plank et al. (filed June 29, 2018) and Luger v. Plank, et al. (filed July 26, 2018), respectively), and those cases were consolidated on October 19, 2018 under the caption Kenney v. Plank, et. al. The other complaint was filed in the United States District (the “Federal Court for the District of Maryland (in a case captioned Andersen v. Plank et al. (filed July 23, 2018)Derivative Action”). The operativePrior to their filing derivative complaints, in these cases name Mr. Plank, certain other membersboth of the Company’s Board of Directors and certain former Company executives as defendants, and name the Company as a nominal defendant. The operative complaints include allegations similar to those in the In re Under Armour Securities Litigation matter discussed above that challenges, among other things, the Company’s disclosures related to growth and consumer demand for certain of the Company’s products and stock sales by certain individual defendants. The operative complaints in each of these cases assert breach of fiduciary duty and unjust enrichment claims against the individual defendants. The operative complaint in the Kenney matter also makes allegations similar to those in the consolidated complaint in the In re Under Armour, Inc. Shareholder Derivative Litigation matter discussed above regarding the Company’s purchase of parcels from entities controlled by Mr. Plank through Sagamore and asserts a claim of corporate waste against the individual defendants. These complaints seek similar remedies to the remedies sought in the In re Under Armour, Inc. Shareholder Derivative Litigation complaint.
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The Andersen action was stayed between December 2018 and August 2019 pursuant to a court order. In September 2019, pursuant to an agreement between the parties, the court in the Andersen action entered an order staying that case pending the resolution of the Appeal in In re Under Armour Securities Litigation. On March 29, 2019, the court in the consolidated Kenney action granted the Company’s and the defendants’ motion to stay that case pending the outcome of both the In re Under Armour Securities Litigation and the In re Under Armour, Inc. Shareholder Derivative Litigation matters.
Prior to the filing of the derivative complaints in In re Under Armour, Inc. Shareholder Derivative Litigation, Kenney v. Plank, et al., Luger v. Plank, et al., and Andersen v. Plank et al., each of the purported stockholdersLead Plaintiffs had sent the CompanyCompany's Board of Directors a letter demanding that the Company pursue claims similar to the claims asserted in the derivative complaints. Following an investigation, a majority of disinterested and independent directors of the Company determined that the claims should not be pursued by the Company, and the Derivative Lead Plaintiffs were informed each of these purported stockholders of that determination.
On March 16, 2023, the District Court issued an order granting a motion for voluntary dismissal without prejudice that had been filed by the plaintiff in one of the four derivative cases who had not been appointed as a lead plaintiff. The other three consolidated derivative cases remain pending as part of the Federal Court Derivative Action.
On April 24, 2023, the Derivative Lead Plaintiffs designated an operative complaint in the Federal Court Derivative Action. The operative complaint names Mr. Plank, certain other current and former members of the Company's Board of Directors and certain former Company executives as defendants, and names the Company as a nominal defendant. It asserts allegations similar to those in the TAC filed in the Consolidated Securities Action matter discussed above, including allegations challenging (i) the Company's disclosures related to growth and consumer demand for certain of the Company's products; (ii) the Company's practice of shifting sales between quarterly periods supposedly to appear healthier and its purported failure to disclose that practice; (iii) the Company's internal controls with respect to revenue recognition and inventory management; and (iv) the Company's supposed failure to timely disclose investigations by the SEC and DOJ. The operative complaint asserts breach of fiduciary duty and unjust enrichment claims against the defendants, and asserts a contribution claim under the federal securities laws against certain defendants. It seeks damages on behalf of the Company and certain corporate governance related actions. The deadline for the Company and the defendants to respond to the operative complaint is June 23, 2023.
The Company believes that the claims asserted in the derivative complaintsFederal Court Derivative Action are without merit and intends to defend these mattersthis matter vigorously. However, because of the inherent uncertainty as to the outcome of these proceedings,this proceeding, the Company is unable at this time to estimate the possible impact of the outcome of these matters.this matter.
Data IncidentContingencies
In 2018, an unauthorized third party acquired data associatedaccordance with Accounting Standards Codification (“ASC”) Topic 450 “Contingencies” (“Topic 450”), the Company's Connected Fitness users' accountsCompany establishes accruals for contingencies when (i) the Company's MyFitnessPal applicationCompany believes it is probable that a loss will be incurred and website. The(ii) the amount of the loss can be reasonably estimated. If the reasonable estimate is a range, the Company will accrue the best estimate in that range; where no best estimate can be determined, the Company will accrue the minimum. As of March 31, 2023, the Company has faced consumer class action lawsuits associatedestimated its liability and recorded $20 million in respect of certain ongoing legal proceedings summarized above.The timing of the resolution is unknown and the amount of loss ultimately incurred in connection with this incident and has received inquiries regarding the incident from certain government regulators and agencies. The Company does not currently consider these matters may be substantially higher or lower than the amount accrued for these matters, and the Company expects a portion of the loss, if any is incurred, to be material and believes its insurance coverage will provide coverage should any significant expense arise.covered
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by the Company’s insurance. Legal proceedings for which no accrual has been established are disclosed to the extent required by ASC 450.
In addition, in connection with the matters described above and previously disclosed government investigations, the Company provided notice of claims under multiple director and officer liability insurance policy periods. With respect to one policy period, a lawsuit was filed against the Company by certain of its insurance carriers seeking a declaration that no further amounts will be payable with respect to that policy period and with respect to one carrier, reimbursement for $10 million in defense and investigation costs previously paid to the Company. On April 26, 2023, the Company and one of its insurance carriers resolved the dispute related to that carrier’s claims for a declaration that no further amounts would be payable and seeking reimbursement of previously paid amounts. The resolution resulted in no reimbursement payable by the Company. The other carriers remaining in the case continue to seek a declaration that no further amounts will be payable with respect to that policy period. The timing of the resolution is unknown for the remaining claims in this matter.
From time to time, the Company’s view regarding probability of loss with respect to outstanding legal proceedings will change, proceedings for which the Company is able to estimate a loss or range of loss will change, and the estimates themselves will change. In addition, while many matters presented in financial disclosures involve significant judgment and may be subject to significant uncertainties, estimates with respect to legal proceedings are subject to particular uncertainties. Other than as described above, the Company believes that all current proceedings are routine in nature and incidental to the conduct of its business. However, the matters described above, if decided adversely to or settled by the Company, could result, individually or in the aggregate, in a liability material to the Company's consolidated financial position, results of operations or cash flows.
9. Stockholders’ EquityNOTE 10. STOCKHOLDERS' EQUITY
The Company’sCompany's Class A Common Stock and Class B Convertible Common Stock have an authorized number of shares at December 31, 2019 of 400.0 million shares and 34.534.45 million shares, respectively, and each have a par value of $0.0003 1/3 per share.share as of March 31, 2023. Holders of Class A Common Stock and Class B Convertible Common Stock have identical rights, including liquidation preferences, except that the holders of Class A Common Stock are entitled to 1one vote per share and holders of Class B Convertible Common Stock are entitled to 10 votes per share on all matters submitted to a stockholder vote. Class B Convertible Common Stock may only be held by Kevin Plank, the Company’sCompany's founder, Executive ChairmanChair and Brand Chief, or a related party of Mr. Plank, as defined in the Company’sCompany's charter. As a result, Mr. Plank has a majority voting control over the Company. Upon the transfer of shares of Class B Convertible Stock to a person other than Mr. Plank or a related party of Mr. Plank, the shares automatically convert into shares of Class A Common Stock on a one-for-one basis. In addition, all of the outstanding shares of Class B Convertible Common Stock will automatically convert into shares of Class A Common Stock on a one-for-one basis upon the death or disability of Mr. Plank or on the record date for any stockholders’stockholders' meeting upon which the shares of Class A Common Stock and Class B Convertible Common Stock beneficially owned by Mr. Plank is less than 15% of the total shares of Class A Common Stock and Class B Convertible Common Stock outstanding or upon the other events specified in the Class C Articles Supplementary to the Company's charter as documented below. Holders of the Company’sCompany's common stock are entitled to receive dividends when and if authorized and declared out of assets legally available for the payment of dividends.
The Company's Class C Common Stock has an authorized number of shares at December 31, 2019 of 400.0 million shares and havehas a par value of $0.0003 1/3 per share.share as of March 31, 2023. The terms of the Class C common stockCommon Stock are substantially identical to those of the Company's Class A common stock,Common Stock, except that the Class C common stockCommon Stock has no voting rights (except in limited circumstances), will automatically convert into Class A common stockCommon Stock under certain circumstances and includes provisions intended to ensure equal treatment of Class C common stockCommon Stock and Class B common stockCommon Stock in certain corporate transactions, such as mergers, consolidations, statutory share exchanges, conversions or negotiated tender offers, and including consideration incidental to these transactions.
Share Repurchase Program
On February 23, 2022, the Company's Board of Directors authorized the Company to repurchase up to $500 million (exclusive of fees and commissions) of outstanding shares of the Company's Class C Common Stock over the next two years. The Class C Common Stock may be repurchased from time to time at prevailing prices in the open market, through plans designed to comply with Rule 10b5-1 under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, via private purchases through forward, derivative, accelerated share repurchase transactions or otherwise, subject to applicable regulatory restrictions on volume, pricing and timing. The timing and amount of any repurchases will depend on market conditions, the Company's financial condition, results of operations, liquidity and other factors.
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Pursuant to the previously disclosed accelerated share repurchase transactions that the Company entered into in February 2022, May 2022, August 2022 and November 2022 (the "ASR Agreements"), the Company repurchased 18.7 million and 16.2 million shares of Class C Common Stock, which were immediately retired, during Fiscal 2023 and the Transition Period, respectively. As a result, $174.0 million was recorded to retained earnings to reflect the difference between the market price of the Class C Common Stock repurchased and its par value during Fiscal 2023 (Transition Period: $240.0 million).
As of the date of this Annual Report on Form 10-K, the Company has repurchased a total of $425 million or 34.9 million outstanding shares of its Class C Common Stock under its share repurchase program.

10. Fair Value MeasurementsNOTE 11. REVENUES
The following tables summarize the Company's net revenues by product category and distribution channels:
 Year Ended
March 31, 2023
Three Months Ended March 31, 2022 (Transition Period)Year Ended December 31, 2021Year Ended December 31, 2020
Apparel$3,871,638 $876,604 $3,841,249 $2,882,562 
Footwear1,455,265 296,696 1,264,127 934,333 
Accessories408,521 96,803 461,894 414,082 
Net Sales5,735,424 1,270,103 5,567,270 4,230,977 
License revenues116,746 26,602 112,623 105,779 
Corporate Other51,466 4,240 3,573 137,911 
    Total net revenues$5,903,636 $1,300,945 $5,683,466 $4,474,667 


 Year Ended
March 31, 2023
Three Months Ended March 31, 2022 (Transition Period)Year Ended December 31, 2021Year Ended December 31, 2020
Wholesale$3,468,126 $829,179 $3,245,749 $2,383,353 
Direct-to-consumer2,267,298 440,924 2,321,521 1,847,624 
Net Sales5,735,424 1,270,103 5,567,270 4,230,977 
License revenues116,746 26,602 112,623 105,779 
Corporate Other51,466 4,240 3,573 137,911 
    Total net revenues$5,903,636 $1,300,945 $5,683,466 $4,474,667 
The Company records reductions to revenue for estimated customer returns, allowances, markdowns and discounts. These reserves are included within customer refund liability and the value of the inventory associated with reserves for sales returns are included within prepaid expenses and other current assets on the Consolidated Balance Sheets. The following table presents the customer refund liability, as well as the associated value of inventory for the periods indicated:
As of
March 31, 2023
As of
March 31, 2022
As of
December 31, 2021
Customer refund liability$160,533 $159,628 $164,294 
Inventory associated with reserves for sales returns$40,661 $44,291 $47,569 
Contract Liabilities
Contract liabilities are recorded when a customer pays consideration, or the Company has a right to an amount of consideration that is unconditional, before the transfer of a good or service to the customer, and thus represent the Company's obligation to transfer the good or service to the customer at a future date. The Company's contract liabilities primarily consist of payments received in advance of revenue recognition for subscriptions for the Company's digital fitness applications and royalty arrangements which are in in other current and other long-term liabilities, and gift cards, included in accrued expenses on the Company's Consolidated Balance Sheets. As of March 31, 2023, contract liabilities were $25.9 million (March 31, 2022: $35.3 million; December 31, 2021: $39.1 million).
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During Fiscal 2023, the Company completed an assessment of its process for estimating revenue recognized for gift card balances not expected to be redeemed (“breakage”). Based on the assessment, which included analyzing historical gift card redemption data, the Company has determined that substantially all of its gift cards are redeemed within 24 months of issuance, and after 24 months the likelihood of a gift card being redeemed is remote. Therefore, to the extent that it does not have a legal obligation to remit the value of such unredeemed gift cards to the relevant jurisdiction as unclaimed or abandoned property, the Company recognizes gift card breakage at that time when the likelihood of the gift card being redeemed is remote, which the Company has determined to be 24 months following its issuance. As a result, the Company recognized approximately $10.1 million of revenue during Fiscal 2023, that was previously included in contract liabilities, which benefited net income by $10.1 million, or $0.02 per share of Class A, B and C Common Stock.
For Fiscal 2023, including the breakage discussed above, the Company recognized approximately $19.3 million, of revenue that was previously included in contract liabilities as of March 31, 2022. For Fiscal 2021, the Company recognized approximately $21.5 million of revenue that was previously included in contract liabilities as of December 31, 2020. For the Transition Period, the Company recognized $5.0 million of revenue that was previously included in contract liabilities as of December 31, 2021. The change in the contract liabilities balance primarily results from the timing differences between the Company's satisfaction of performance obligations and the customer's payment, and with respect to Fiscal 2023, the breakage discussed above.

NOTE 12. RESTRUCTURING AND RELATED IMPAIRMENT CHARGES
During Fiscal 2020, the Company's Board of Directors approved a restructuring plan ranging between $550 million to $600 million in costs (the "2020 restructuring plan") designed to rebalance the Company's cost base to further improve profitability and cash flow generation. The Company concluded the 2020 restructuring plan during the Transition Period.
Restructuring and related impairment charges and recoveries require the Company to make certain judgments and estimates regarding the amount and timing as to when these charges or recoveries occur. The estimated liability could change subsequent to its recognition, requiring adjustments to the expense and the liability recorded. On a quarterly basis, the Company conducts an evaluation of the related liabilities and expenses and revises its assumptions and estimates as appropriate, as new or updated information becomes available. No adjustments to expense were recorded during Fiscal 2023.
All restructuring and related impairment charges are included in the Company's Corporate Other segment. A summary of the activity in the restructuring reserve related to the Company's 2020 restructuring plan, as well as prior restructuring plans in 2018 and 2017 are as follows:
Employee Related CostsContract Exit CostsOther Restructuring Related Costs
Balance as of December 31, 2020$12,868 $61,642 $6,098 
Net additions (recoveries) charged to expense(1,655)17,814 (1,494)
Cash payments(5,473)(47,486)(6,078)
Foreign exchange and other(2,192)(565)120 
Balance as of December 31, 2021$3,548 $31,405 $(1,354)
Net additions (recoveries) charged to expense(10)58,555 (1,871)
Cash payments(955)(9,280)— 
Foreign exchange and other89 (2,443)3,225 
Balance as of March 31, 2022$2,672 $78,237 $— 
Net additions (recoveries) charged to expense— — — 
Cash payments(1,057)(76,287)— 
Foreign exchange and other(659)(1,832)— 
Balance as of March 31, 2023$956 $118 $— 

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NOTE 13. OTHER EMPLOYEE BENEFITS
The Company offers a 401(k) Deferred Compensation Plan for the benefit of eligible employees. Employee contributions are voluntary and subject to Internal Revenue Service limitations. The Company matches a portion of the participant's contribution and recorded expense for Fiscal 2023 of $11.6 million (Fiscal 2021: $8.9 million; Fiscal 2020: $5.4 million; Transition Period: $6.1 million)
In addition, the Company offers the Under Armour, Inc. Deferred Compensation Plan which allows a select group of management or highly compensated employees, as approved by the Human Capital and Compensation Committee of the Board of Directors, to make an annual base salary and/or bonus deferral for each year. As of March 31, 2023, the Deferred Compensation Plan obligations were $14.1 million (March 31, 2022: $14.2 million; December 31, 2021: $14.5 million) and were included in other long term liabilities on the Consolidated Balance Sheets.
The Company established a Rabbi Trust to fund obligations to participants in the Deferred Compensation Plan. As of March 31, 2023, the assets held in the Rabbi Trust were trust owned life insurance ("TOLI") policies with cash-surrender values of $7.7 million (March 31, 2022: $8.4 million; December 31, 2021: $9.0 million). These assets are consolidated and are included in other long term assets on the Consolidated Balance Sheets. Refer to Note 15 for a discussion of the fair value measurements of the assets held in the Rabbi Trust and the Deferred Compensation Plan obligations.

NOTE 14. STOCK BASED COMPENSATION
The Under Armour, Inc. Third Amended and Restated 2005 Omnibus Long-Term Incentive Plan as amended (the "2005 Plan") provides for the issuance of stock options, restricted stock, restricted stock units and other equity awards to officers, directors, key employees and other persons. The 2005 Plan terminates in 2029. As of March 31, 2023, 8.3 million Class A shares and 23.9 million Class C shares are available for future grants of awards under the 2005 Plan.
Awards Granted to Employees and Non-Employee Directors
Total stock-based compensation expense associated with awards granted to employees and non-employee directors for Fiscal 2023 was $36.8 million (Fiscal 2021: $43.8 million; Fiscal 2020: $42.1 million; Transition Period: $11.8 million). The related tax benefits, excluding consideration of valuation allowances, were $6.3 million for Fiscal 2023 (Fiscal 2021: $8.2 million; Fiscal 2020: $9.0 million; Transition Period: $2.0 million). The valuation allowances associated with these benefits were $1.2 million for Fiscal 2023 (Fiscal 2021: $7.2 million; Fiscal 2020: $9.0 million; Transition Period: $1.0 million) As of March 31, 2023, the Company had $70.4 million of unrecognized compensation expense related to these awards expected to be recognized over a weighted average period of 2.06 years. Refer to "Stock Options" and "Restricted Stock and Restricted Stock Unit Awards" below for further information on these awards.
A summary of each of these plans is as follows:
Employee Stock Compensation Plan
Stock options, restricted stock and restricted stock unit awards under the 2005 Plan generally vest ratably over a period of two to five years. The contractual term for stock options is generally 10 years from the date of grant. The Company generally receives a tax deduction for any ordinary income recognized by a participant in respect to an award under the 2005 Plan.
Non-Employee Director Compensation Plan
The Company's Non-Employee Director Compensation Plan (the "Director Compensation Plan") provides for cash compensation and equity awards to non-employee directors of the Company under the 2005 Plan. Non-employee directors have the option to defer the value of their annual cash retainers as deferred stock units in accordance with the Under Armour, Inc. Non-Employee Deferred Stock Unit Plan (the "DSU Plan"). Each new non-employee director receives an award of restricted stock units upon the initial election to the Board of Directors, with the units covering stock valued at $100 thousand on the grant date and vesting in three equal annual installments. In addition, each non-employee director receives, following each annual stockholders' meeting, a grant under the 2005 Plan of restricted stock units covering stock valued at $150 thousand on the grant date. However, in May 2022, following the 2022 annual stockholders' meeting, each non-employee director received a grant under the 2005 plan of restricted stock units covering stock valued at $187.5 thousand to account for the Company's change in fiscal year. Each award vests 100% on the date of the next annual stockholders' meeting following the grant date.
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The receipt of the shares otherwise deliverable upon vesting of the restricted stock units automatically defers into deferred stock units under the DSU Plan. Under the DSU Plan each deferred stock unit represents the Company’s obligation to issue one share of the Company's Class A or Class C Common Stock with the shares delivered six months following the termination of the director's service. The Company had 0.8 million deferred stock units outstanding as of March 31, 2023.
Employee Stock Purchase Plan
The Company's Employee Stock Purchase Plan (the "ESPP") allows for the purchase of Class A Common Stock and Class C Common Stock by all eligible employees at a 15% discount from fair market value subject to certain limits as defined in the ESPP. As of March 31, 2023, 2.7 million Class A shares and 1.1 million Class C shares are available for future purchases under the ESPP. During Fiscal 2023, 536.0 thousand Class C shares were purchased under the ESPP (Fiscal 2021: 234.7 thousand; Fiscal 2020: 482.9 thousand; Transition Period: 69.8 thousand).
Awards granted to Marketing Partners
In addition to the plans discussed above, the Company may also, from time to time, issue deferred stock units or restricted stock units to certain of our marketing partners in connection with their entering into endorsement and other marketing services agreements with us. The terms of each agreement set forth the number of units to be granted and the delivery dates for the shares, which range over a multi-year period, depending on the contract.
Total stock-based compensation expense related to these awards for Fiscal 2023 was $3.3 million (Fiscal 2021: $3.5 million; Fiscal 2020: $3.5 million; Transition Period: $0.8 million). As of March 31, 2023, we had $4.3 million of unrecognized compensation expense associated with these awards expected to be recognized over a weighted average period of 1.68 years.
As previously disclosed, on April 3, 2023, subsequent to the fiscal year end, the Company issued an award of restricted stock units for 8.8 million shares of the Company's Class C common stock to an entity affiliated with professional basketball player Stephen Curry. The award was issued in connection with Mr. Curry's entry into a stock unit agreement and an Under Armour, Inc. Athlete Product, Brand, Ambassador, and Endorsement Agreement with the Company, pursuant to which Mr. Curry is continuing his relationship with the Company.
Summary by Award Classification:
Stock Options
No stock options were granted during Fiscal 2023, Fiscal 2021 or the Transition Period. The weighted average fair value of stock options granted in Fiscal 2020 was $6.61. The fair value of each stock option granted is estimated on the date of grant using the Black-Scholes option-pricing model with the following weighted average assumptions:
Year Ended
March 31, 2023
Three Months Ended March 31, 2022 (Transition Period)Year Ended December 31, 2021Year Ended December 31, 2020
Risk-free interest raten/an/an/a1.5 %
Average expected life in yearsn/an/an/a6.25
Expected volatilityn/an/an/a43.1 %
Expected dividend yieldn/an/an/a— %

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A summary of the Company's stock options activity for the year ended March 31, 2023 is presented below:
Number
of Stock
Options
Weighted
Average
Exercise
Price
Weighted
Average
Remaining
Contractual
Life (Years)
Total
Intrinsic
Value
Outstanding at March 31, 20221,578 $19.44 5.82$217 
Granted, at fair market value— — — — 
Exercised— — — — 
Forfeited— — — — 
Outstanding at March 31, 20231,578 $19.44 4.82$— 
Options exercisable at March 31, 20231,503 $19.66 4.72$— 
No stock options were exercised during Fiscal 2023 or the Transition Period. For Fiscal 2021 and Fiscal 2020, the intrinsic value of stock options exercised was $0.2 million and $4.5 million, respectively. The income tax benefits related to stock options exercised, excluding consideration of valuation allowances were $0.0 million and $1.2 million for Fiscal 2021 and Fiscal 2020, respectively.
Restricted Stock and Restricted Stock Unit Awards
A summary of the Company's restricted stock and restricted stock unit awards activity for the year ended March 31, 2023 is presented below:
Number of
Restricted Shares
Weighted Average
Grant Date Fair Value
Outstanding at March 31, 20227,807 $16.57 
Granted3,759 8.75 
Forfeited(2,002)14.88 
Vested(1,906)17.53 
Outstanding at March 31, 20237,658 $13.01 
The awards outstanding at March 31, 2023 in the table above includes 1.1 million performance-based restricted stock units that were awarded to certain executives and key employees during Fiscal 2023 under the 2005 Plan. The performance-based restricted stock units awarded have a weighted average fair value of $9.13 and have vesting that is tied to the achievement of certain combined annual revenue and operating income targets. The Company deemed the achievement of certain of these targets probable and recorded $1.4 million of stock-based compensation expense related to these awards during Fiscal 2023. The Company assesses the probability of the achievement of the remaining revenue and operating income targets at the end of each reporting period and based on that assessment cumulative adjustments may be recorded in future periods.

NOTE 15. FAIR VALUE MEASUREMENTS
Fair value is defined as the price that would be received to sell an asset or the exit price that would be paid to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction between market participants at the measurement date (an exit price).date. The fair value accounting guidance outlines a valuation framework, creates a fair value hierarchy in order to increase the consistency and comparability of fair value measurements and the related disclosures, and prioritizes the inputs used in measuring fair value as follows:
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Level 1:Observable inputs such as quoted prices in active markets;
Level 2:Inputs, other than quoted prices in active markets, that are observable either directly or indirectly; and
Level 3:Unobservable inputs for which there is little or no market data, which require the reporting entity to develop its own assumptions.
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Financial assets and liabilities measured at fair value on a recurring basis
The Company's financial assets (liabilities) measured at fair value are set forth inon a recurring basis consisted of the table below:following types of instruments as of the following periods:
December 31, 2019December 31, 2018
(In thousands)Level 1Level 2Level 3Level 1Level 2Level 3
Derivative foreign currency contracts (see Note 15)—  (7,151) —  —  19,531  —  
Interest rate swap contracts (see Note 15)—  —  —  —  1,567  —  
TOLI policies held by the Rabbi Trust—  6,543  —  —  5,328  —  
Deferred Compensation Plan obligations—  (10,839) —  —  (6,958) —  
March 31, 2023March 31, 2022December 31, 2021
Level 1Level 2Level 3Level 1Level 2Level 3Level 1Level 2Level 3
Derivative foreign currency contracts (see Note 16)$— $(3,127)$— $— $988 $— $— $631 $— 
TOLI policies held by the Rabbi Trust (see Note 13)$— $7,691 $— $— $8,379 $— $— $9,008 $— 
Deferred Compensation Plan obligations (see Note 13)$— $(14,082)$— $— $(14,230)$— $— $(14,489)$— 
Fair values of the financial assets and liabilities listed above are determined using inputs that use as their basis readily observable market data that are actively quoted and are validated through external sources, including third-party pricing services and brokers. The Company purchases marketable securities that are designated as available-for-sale. The foreign currency contracts represent unrealized gains and losses on derivative contracts, which is the net difference between the U.S. dollar value to be received or paid at the contracts’contracts' settlement date and the U.S. dollar value of the foreign currency to be sold or purchased at the current market exchange rate. The interest rate swap contracts represent gains and losses on the derivative contracts, which is the net difference between the fixed interest to be paid and variable interest to be received over the term of the contract based on current market rates. The fair value of the trust owned life insurance (“TOLI”)TOLI policies held by the Rabbi Trust isare based on the cash-surrender value of the life insurance policies, which are invested primarily in mutual funds and a separately managed fixed income fund. These investments are initially made in the same funds and purchased in substantially the same amounts as the selected investments of participants in the Under Armour, Inc. Deferred Compensation Plan (the “Deferred"Deferred Compensation Plan”Plan"), which represent the underlying liabilities to participants in the Deferred Compensation Plan. Liabilities under the Deferred Compensation Plan are recorded at amounts due to participants, based on the fair value of participants’participants' selected investments.
As of December 31, 2019 and 2018, the fair value of the Company's Senior Notes was $587.5 million and $500.1 million, respectively. The carrying value of the Company's other long term debt approximated its fair value as of December 31, 2019 and 2018. The fair value of long term debt is estimated based upon quoted prices for similar instruments or quoted prices for identical instruments in inactive markets (Level 2).

11. Provision for Income Taxes
Income (loss) before income taxes is as follows:As of March 31, 2023, the fair value of the Convertible Senior Notes
 Year Ended December 31,
(In thousands)201920182017
Income (loss) before income taxes
United States$81,122  $(121,396) $(131,475) 
Foreign128,720  53,608  121,166  
Total$209,842  $(67,788) $(10,309) 









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The components of the income tax expense (benefit) consisted of the following:
 Year Ended December 31,
(In thousands)201920182017
Current
Federal$7,232  $(15,005) $(46,931) 
State771  3,253  (8,336) 
Foreign21,952  34,975  34,005  
29,955  23,223  (21,262) 
Deferred
Federal12,750  (27,808) 51,447  
State25,508  (6,202) 12,080  
Foreign1,811  (9,765) (4,314) 
40,069  (43,775) 59,213  
Income tax expense (benefit)$70,024  $(20,552) $37,951  

A reconciliation from the U.S. statutory federal income tax rate to the effective income tax rate is as follows:
 Year Ended December 31,
201920182017
U.S. federal statutory income tax rate$44,067  21.0 %$(14,235) 21.0 %$(3,608) 35.0 %
State taxes, net of federal tax impact4,620  2.2 %(6,715) 9.9 %(9,537) 92.5 %
Unrecognized tax benefits(2,031) (1.0)%(7,598) 11.2 %1,178  (11.4)%
Permanent tax benefits/nondeductible expenses328  0.2 %5,609  (8.2)%2,246  (21.8)%
Intercompany asset sale—  — %(18,834) 27.8 %—  — %
Goodwill impairment—  — %—  — %8,522  (82.7)%
Foreign rate differential(10,494) (5.0)%(12,294) 18.1 %(25,563) 248.0 %
Valuation allowances30,137  14.4 %33,058  (48.8)%29,563  (286.8)%
Impacts related to Tax Act—  — %1,536  (2.3)%38,833  (376.7)%
Other3,397  1.6 %(1,079) 1.6 %(3,683) 35.7 %
Effective income tax rate$70,024  33.4 %$(20,552) 30.3 %$37,951  (368.2)%

The Company's income tax expense (benefit) for 2019, as compared to 2018, was higher primarily due to pre-tax income in 2019 compared to pre-tax losses in 2018, increases in valuation allowances recorded for certain U.S. state jurisdictions, and the one-time benefit in 2018 for an intercompany intangible asset sale. These increases were partially offset by a decrease in valuation allowances recorded for certain foreign jurisdictions in 2019 compared to 2018.

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Deferred tax assets and liabilities consisted of the following:
 December 31,
(In thousands)20192018
Deferred tax assets
Lease liability and deferred rent140,673  17,555  
Foreign net operating loss carry-forwards31,524  23,164  
Reserves and accrued liabilities25,676  47,509  
Tax basis inventory adjustment25,620  20,165  
U.S. state net operating loss carryforward24,124  23,818  
Allowance for doubtful accounts and sales return reserves23,257  28,620  
Intangible assets20,041  21,886  
Stock-based compensation14,828  14,119  
Foreign tax credit carry-forwards11,807  10,274  
State tax credits, net of federal impact7,480  8,432  
Inventory obsolescense reserves6,589  8,529  
Other4,835  2,209  
Total deferred tax assets336,454  226,280  
Less: valuation allowance(101,997) (72,710) 
Total net deferred tax assets234,457  153,570  
Deferred tax liabilities
Right-of-use asset(118,917) —  
Property, plant and equipment(16,956) (27,480) 
Prepaid expenses(15,862) (11,058) 
Other(1,717) (4,041) 
Total deferred tax liabilities(153,452) (42,579) 
Total deferred tax assets, net$81,005  $110,991  
All deferred tax assets and liabilities are classified as non-current on the consolidated balance sheets as of$85.8 million (March 31, 2022: $126.6 million; December 31, 2019 and December 31, 2018. In evaluating its ability to realize the net deferred tax assets, the Company considered all available positive and negative evidence, including its past operating results and the forecast of future market growth, forecasted earnings, future taxable income, and prudent and feasible tax planning strategies. The assumptions utilized in determining future taxable income require significant judgment and actual operating results in future years could differ from the current assumptions, judgments and estimates.
A significant portion of the Company’s deferred tax assets relate to U.S. federal and state taxing jurisdictions. Realization of these deferred tax assets is dependent on future U.S. pre-tax earnings. In evaluating the recoverability of these deferred tax assets at December 31, 2019, the Company has considered all available evidence, both positive and negative, including but not limited to the following:
Positive
2021: $149.6 million).2019 pre-tax income plus tax permanent differences and taxable income in the U.S. federal and certain state jurisdictions;
Three year cumulative pre-tax income plus tax permanent differences in the U.S. federal jurisdiction;
Forecasted future pre-tax income plus tax permanent differences in the U.S. federal and certain state jurisdictions;
No history of U.S. federal and state tax attributes expiring unused;
Restructuring plans undertaken in 2017, 2018, and being assessed for 2020, which aim to improve future profitability;
Available prudent and feasible tax planning strategies may exist;
Reversal of deferred tax liabilities and timing thereof.
Negative
Three year cumulative pre-tax losses plus tax permanent differences in certain state jurisdictions;
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Forecasted year over year U.S. revenue declines in 2020 which decrease profitability in the U.S. federal and certain state jurisdictions;
Restructuring plans undertaken in 2017, 2018, and being assessed for 2020, which result in significant one-time charges, which reduce profitability in the U.S. federal and certain state jurisdictions;
Inherent challenges in forecasting future pre-tax earnings which rely, in part, on improved profitability from restructuring efforts;
The continued challenges in the U.S. consumer retail business environment.

The Company believes that the weight of the positive evidence outweighs the negative evidence regarding the realization of its U.S. federal deferred tax assets. The Company will continue to evaluate its ability to realize these assets on a quarterly basis.
The Company believes the weight of the negative evidence outweighs the positive evidence regarding the realization of the majority of the state deferred tax assets, including state net operating loss carryforwards, state tax credit carryforwards, and certain other state deferred tax assets, and has recorded valuation allowances of $54.5 million against these state deferred tax assets.
As of March 31, 2023, the fair value of the Senior Notes was $553.9 million (March 31, 2022: $580.0 million; December 31, 2019, the Company had $24.1 million2021: $619.9 million).
Assets and liabilities measured at fair value on a non-recurring basis
Certain assets are not remeasured to fair value on an ongoing basis but are subject to fair value adjustments only in deferred taxcertain circumstances. These assets associated with $383.6 million in state net operating loss carryforwards and $7.5 million in deferred tax assets associated with state tax credits, net of federal benefit, the majority of which are definite lived. Certain of the definite lived state net operating losses and state tax credits will begin to expire within 1 to 5 years, and the majority will begin to expire within 5 to 20 years.
As of December 31, 2019, the Company had $31.5 million in deferred tax assets associated with approximately $124.8 million in foreign net operating loss carryforwards and $11.8 million in deferred tax assets associated with foreign tax credit carryforwards. While the majority of the foreign net operating loss carryforwards and foreign tax credit carryforwards have an indefinite carryforward period, certain are definite lived, with the majority to expire within 5 to 12 years. Additionally, as of December 31, 2019, the Company is not able to forecast the utilization of a majority of the deferred tax assets associated with foreign net operating loss carryforwards, foreign tax credit carryforwards and certain other foreign deferred taxcan include long-lived assets and has recorded a valuation allowance of $47.5 million against these foreign deferred tax assets.
As of December 31, 2019, approximately $165.4 million of cash and cash equivalents was held by the Company's non-U.S. subsidiaries whose cumulative undistributed earnings total $765.5 million. The Tax Act imposed U.S. federal tax on all post-1986 foreign unrepatriated earnings accumulated through December 31, 2017. The portion of these earningsgoodwill that have been reduced to fair value when impaired. Assets that are written down to fair value when impaired are not subjectsubsequently adjusted to U.S. federal income tax as part of the one-time transition tax should, in general, not be subject to U.S. federal income tax. The Company will continue to permanently reinvest these earnings, as well as future earnings from our foreign subsidiaries, to fund international growth and operations. If the Company were to repatriate indefinitely reinvested foreign funds, the Company would still be required to accrue and pay certain taxes upon repatriation, including foreign withholding taxes and certain U.S. state taxes and record foreign exchange rate impacts. Determination of the unrecorded deferred tax liability that would be incurred if such amounts were repatriated is not practicable.
As of December 31, 2019 and 2018, the total liability for unrecognized tax benefits, including related interest and penalties, was approximately $44.3 million and $60.0 million, respectively. The following table represents a reconciliation of the Company's total unrecognized tax benefits balances, excluding interest and penalties, for the years ended December 31, 2019, 2018 and 2017.

 Year Ended December 31,
(In thousands)201920182017
Beginning of year$55,855  $51,815  $64,359  
Increases as a result of tax positions taken in a prior period1,545  1,978  457  
Decreases as a result of tax positions taken in a prior period(11,005) (1,600) (40) 
Increases as a result of tax positions taken during the current period1,158  12,802  14,580  
Decreases as a result of settlements during the current period(6,359) —  (13,885) 
Reductions as a result of a lapse of statute of limitations during the current period—  (9,140) (13,656) 
End of year$41,194  $55,855  $51,815  
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As of December 31, 2019, $32.8 million of unrecognized tax benefits, excluding interest and penalties, would impact the Company's effective tax rate if recognized.
As of December 31, 2019, 2018 and 2017, the liability for unrecognized tax benefits included $3.1 million, $4.2 million, and $3.5 million, respectively, for the accrual of interest and penalties.For each of the years ended December 31, 2019, 2018 and 2017, the Company recorded $2.0 million, $1.9 million, and $1.6 million, respectively, for the accrual of interest and penalties in its consolidated statements of operations.The Company recognizes accrued interest and penalties related to unrecognized tax benefits in the provision for income taxes on the consolidated statements of operations.
The Company files income tax returns in the U.S. federal jurisdiction and various state and foreign jurisdictions.The Company is currently under audit by the U.S. Internal Revenue Service for the years 2015 through 2017 and by the Chilean Internal Revenue Service for the years 2015 through 2018.The majority of the Company's other returns for years before 2016 are no longer subject to U.S. federal, state and local or foreign income tax examinations by tax authorities.
The total amount of unrecognized tax benefits relating to the Company's tax positions is subject to change based on future events including, but not limited to, the settlements of ongoing tax audits and assessments and the expiration of applicable statutes of limitations.Although the outcomes and timing of such events are highly uncertain, the Company does not anticipate that the balance of gross unrecognized tax benefits, excluding interest and penalties, will change significantly during the next twelve months. However, changes in the occurrence, expected outcomes, and timing of such events could cause the Company's current estimate to change materially in the future.fair value unless further impairment occurs.

12. Earnings per Share
The calculation of earnings per share for common stock shown below excludes the income attributable to outstanding restricted stock awards from the numerator and excludes the impact of these awards from the denominator. The following is a reconciliation of basic earnings per share to diluted earnings per share:
 Year Ended December 31,
(In thousands, except per share amounts)201920182017
Numerator
Net income (loss)$92,139  $(46,302) $(48,260) 
Denominator
Weighted average common shares outstanding Class A, B and C450,964  445,815  440,729  
Effect of dilutive securities Class A, B and C3,310  —  —  
Weighted average common shares and dilutive securities outstanding Class A, B and C454,274  445,815  440,729  
Basic net income (loss) per share of Class A, B and C common stock$0.20  $(0.10) $(0.11) 
Diluted net income (loss) per share of Class A, B and C common stock$0.20  $(0.10) $(0.11) 
Effects of potentially dilutive securities are presented only in periods in which they are dilutive. Stock options, and restricted stock units representing 1.8 million, 3.3 million and 5.0 million shares of Class A and C common stock outstanding for the years ended December 31, 2019, 2018 and 2017, respectively, were excluded from the computation of diluted earnings per share because their effect would be anti-dilutive.

13. Stock-Based Compensation
Stock Compensation Plans
The Under Armour, Inc. Third Amended and Restated 2005 Omnibus Long-Term Incentive Plan as amended (the “2005 Plan”) provides for the issuance of stock options, restricted stock, restricted stock units and other equity awards to officers, directors, key employees and other persons. Stock options and restricted stock and restricted stock unit awards under the 2005 Plan generally vest ratably over a two to five year period. The contractual term for stock options is generally 10 years from the date of grant. The Company generally receives a tax deduction for any ordinary income recognized by a participant in respect to an award under the 2005 Plan. The
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2005 Plan terminates in 2025. As of December 31, 2019, 9.0 million Class A shares and 27.4 million Class C shares are available for future grants of awards under the 2005 Plan.
Total stock-based compensation expense for the years ended December 31, 2019, 2018 and 2017 was $49.6 million, $41.8 million and $39.9 million, respectively. The related tax benefits were $9.1 million, $8.9 million, and $9.0 million for the years ended December 31, 2019, 2018, and 2017, respectively. As of December 31, 2019, the Company had $90.5 million of unrecognized compensation expense expected to be recognized over a weighted average period of 2.43 years. This unrecognized compensation expense does not include any expense related to performance-based restricted stock units and stock options for which the performance targets have not been deemed probable as of December 31, 2019. Refer to “Stock Options” and “Restricted Stock and Restricted Stock Units” below for further information on these awards.
Employee Stock Purchase Plan
The Company’s Employee Stock Purchase Plan (the “ESPP”) allows for the purchase of Class A Common Stock and Class C Common Stock by all eligible employees at a 15% discount from fair market value subject to certain limits as defined in the ESPP. As of December 31, 2019, 2.7 million Class A shares and 2.5 million Class C shares are available for future purchases under the ESPP. During the years ended December 31, 2019, 2018 and 2017, 329.1 thousand, 393.8 thousand and 563.9 thousand Class C shares were purchased under the ESPP, respectively.
Non-Employee Director Compensation Plan and Deferred Stock Unit Plan
The Company’s Non-Employee Director Compensation Plan (the “Director Compensation Plan”) provides for cash compensation and equity awards to non-employee directors of the Company under the 2005 Plan. Non-employee directors have the option to defer the value of their annual cash retainers as deferred stock units in accordance with the Under Armour, Inc. Non-Employee Deferred Stock Unit Plan (the “DSU Plan”). Each new non-employee director receives an award of restricted stock units upon the initial election to the Board of Directors, with the units covering stock valued at $100.0 thousand on the grant date and vesting in three equal annual installments. In addition, each non-employee director receives, following each annual stockholders’ meeting, a grant under the 2005 Plan of restricted stock units covering stock valued at $150.0 thousand on the grant date. Each award vests 100% on the date of the next annual stockholders’ meeting following the grant date.
The receipt of the shares otherwise deliverable upon vesting of the restricted stock units automatically defers into deferred stock units under the DSU Plan. Under the DSU Plan each deferred stock unit represents the Company’s obligation to issue one share of the Company’s Class A or Class C Common Stock with the shares delivered six months following the termination of the director’s service.
Stock Options
The weighted average fair value of a stock option granted for the years ended December 31, 2019, 2018 and 2017 was $19.39, $15.41 and $19.04, respectively. The fair value of each stock option granted is estimated on the date of grant using the Black-Scholes option-pricing model with the following weighted average assumptions:
 Year Ended December 31,
 201920182017
Risk-free interest rate2.5 %2.8 %2.1 %
Average expected life in years6.506.506.50
Expected volatility41.0 %40.4 %39.6 %
Expected dividend yield— %— %— %

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A summary of the Company’s stock options as of December 31, 2019, 2018 and 2017, and changes during the years then ended is presented below:
(In thousands, except per share amounts)Year Ended December 31,
201920182017
 
Number
of Stock
Options
Weighted
Average
Exercise
Price
Number
of Stock
Options
Weighted
Average
Exercise
Price
Number
of Stock
Options
Weighted
Average
Exercise
Price
Outstanding, beginning of year2,732  $12.98  3,782  $12.71  4,265  $9.63  
Granted, at fair market value460  19.39  579  15.41  734  19.04  
Exercised(733) 3.41  (1,262) 5.53  (1,046) 3.72  
Expired—  —  —  —  —  —  
Forfeited(490) 19.04  (367) 35.55  (171) 17.59  
Outstanding, end of year1,969  $16.61  2,732  $12.98  3,782  $12.71  
Options exercisable, end of year913  $15.45  1,366  $7.70  2,512  $5.85  
Included in the table above are 0.2 million and 0.3 million performance-based stock options awarded to the Company’s Executive Chairman and Brand Chief under the 2005 Plan during the years ended December 31, 2019 and 2018, respectively. The performance-based stock options awarded in 2019 and 2018 have weighted average fair values of $19.39 and $15.41, respectively, and have vesting that is tied to the achievement of certain combined annual operating income targets.
The intrinsic value of stock options exercised during the years ended December 31, 2019, 2018 and 2017 was $12.4 million, $15.2 million and $16.3 million, respectively.
For the years ended December 31, 2019, 2018, and 2017 income tax benefits related to stock options exercised were $2.0 million, $3.0 million, and $5.8 million, respectively.
The following table summarizes information about stock options outstanding and exercisable as of December 31, 2019:
(In thousands, except per share amounts)
Options OutstandingOptions Exercisable
Number of
Underlying
Shares
Weighted
Average
Exercise
Price Per
Share
Weighted
Average
Remaining
Contractual
Life (Years)
Total
Intrinsic
Value
Number of
Underlying
Shares
Weighted
Average
Exercise
Price Per
Share
Weighted
Average
Remaining
Contractual
Life (Years)
Total
Intrinsic
Value
1,969  $16.61  6.19$9,379  913  $15.45  3.66$7,725  
Restricted Stock and Restricted Stock Units
A summary of the Company’s restricted stock and restricted stock units as of December 31, 2019, 2018 and 2017, and changes during the years then ended is presented below:
 Year Ended December 31,
201920182017
(In thousands, except per share amounts)
Number
of
Restricted
Shares
Weighted
Average
Grant Date Fair Value
Number
of
Restricted
Shares
Weighted
Average
Fair Value
Number
of
Restricted
Shares
Weighted
Average
Fair Value
Outstanding, beginning of year8,284  $18.03  9,923  $24.41  6,771  $19.68  
Granted3,501  19.32  5,165  15.57  7,630  18.84  
Forfeited(2,760) 18.56  (4,745) 27.43  (2,290) 28.71  
Vested(2,364) 20.24  (2,059) 24.95  (2,188) 24.78  
Outstanding, end of year6,661  $18.02  8,284  $18.03  9,923  $24.41  
Included in the table above are 0.6 million, 0.8 million and 1.9 million performance-based restricted stock units awarded to certain executives and key employees under the 2005 Plan during the years ended December 31, 2019, 2018 and 2017, respectively. The performance-based restricted stock units awarded in 2019, 2018 and 2017 have weighted average grant date fair values of $19.39, $15.60, and $18.76, respectively, and have vesting that is tied to the achievement of certain combined annual revenue and operating income targets.
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During the year ended December 31, 2019, the Company deemed the achievement of certain revenue and operating income targets improbable for the performance-based stock options and restricted stock units granted in 2019, and recorded a reversal of expense of $1.5 million for the three months ended December 31, 2019. During the year ended December 31, 2017, the Company deemed the achievement of certain revenue and operating income targets improbable for the performance-based stock options and restricted stock units granted in 2017, and recorded a reversal of expense of $4.2 million for the three months ended December 31, 2017.
Warrants
The Company issued fully vested and non-forfeitable warrants to purchase 1.92 million shares of the Company's Class A Common Stock and 1.93 million shares of the Company’s Class C Common Stock to NFL Properties as partial consideration for footwear promotional rights which were recorded as an intangible asset in 2006. The warrants had a term of 12 years from the date of issuance and an exercise price of $4.66 per Class A share and $4.56 per Class C share. In August 2018, all of the warrants were exercised on a net exercise basis.

14. Other Employee Benefits
The Company offers a 401(k) Deferred Compensation Plan for the benefit of eligible employees. Employee contributions are voluntary and subject to Internal Revenue Service limitations. The Company matches a portion of the participant’s contribution and recorded expense of $7.5 million, $9.9 million and $7.4 million for the years ended December 31, 2019, 2018 and 2017, respectively. Shares of the Company’s Class A Common Stock and Class C common stock are not investment options in this plan.
In addition, the Company offers the Under Armour, Inc. Deferred Compensation Plan which allows a select group of management or highly compensated employees, as approved by the Compensation Committee, to make an annual base salary and/or bonus deferral for each year. As of December 31, 2019 and 2018, the Deferred Compensation Plan obligations were $10.8 million and $7.0 million, respectively, and were included in other long term liabilities on the consolidated balance sheets.
The Company established the Rabbi Trust to fund obligations to participants in the Deferred Compensation Plan. As of December 31, 2019 and 2018, the assets held in the Rabbi Trust were TOLI policies with cash-surrender values of $6.5 million and $5.3 million, respectively. These assets are consolidated and are included in other long term assets on the consolidated balance sheet. Refer to Note 10 for a discussion of the fair value measurements of the assets held in the Rabbi Trust and the Deferred Compensation Plan obligations.

15. Risk Management and Derivatives
Foreign Currency Risk ManagementNOTE 16. RISK MANAGEMENT AND DERIVATIVES
The Company is exposed to global market risks, including the effects of changes in foreign currency and interest rates. The Company uses derivative instruments to manage financial exposures that occur in the normal course of business and does not hold or issue derivatives for trading or speculative purposes.
The Company may elect to designate certain derivatives as hedging instruments under U.S. GAAP. The Company formally documents all relationships between designated hedging instruments and hedged items, as well as its risk management objectives and strategies for undertaking hedge transactions. This process includes linking all derivatives designated as hedges to forecasted cash flows and assessing, both at inception and on an ongoing basis, the effectiveness of the hedging relationships.
The Company's foreign exchange risk management program consists of designated cash flow hedges and undesignated hedges. As of DecemberMarch 31, 2019,2023, the Company has hedge instruments primarily for for:
British Pound/U.S. Dollar, Dollar;
U.S. Dollar/Chinese Renminbi, Renminbi;
Euro/U.S. Dollar;
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U.S. Dollar/Canadian Dollar, Euro/U.S. Dollar, Dollar;
U.S. Dollar/Mexican Peso,Peso; and
U.S. Dollar/Japanese Yen currency pairs. Korean Won.
All derivatives are recognized on the consolidated balance sheetsConsolidated Balance Sheets at fair value and classified based on the instrument’sinstrument's maturity date.
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TableThe following table presents the fair values of Contents
derivative instruments within the Consolidated Balance Sheets. Refer to Note 15 of the Consolidated Financial Statements for a discussion of the fair value measurements.
(In thousands)Balance Sheet ClassificationDecember 31, 2019December 31, 2018
Balance Sheet ClassificationMarch 31, 2023March 31, 2022December 31, 2021
Derivatives designated as hedging instruments under ASC 815Derivatives designated as hedging instruments under ASC 815Derivatives designated as hedging instruments under ASC 815
Foreign currency contractsForeign currency contractsOther current assets  $4,040  $19,731  Foreign currency contractsOther current assets$22,473 $11,561 $7,488 
Foreign currency contractsForeign currency contractsOther long term assets  24  —  Foreign currency contractsOther long term assets619 2,730 2,887 
Interest rate swap contractsOther long term assets  —  1,567  
Total derivative assets designated as hedging instrumentsTotal derivative assets designated as hedging instruments$4,064  $21,298  Total derivative assets designated as hedging instruments$23,092 $14,291 $10,375 
Foreign currency contractsForeign currency contractsOther current liabilities  $8,772  $228  Foreign currency contractsOther current liabilities$21,622 $11,209 $8,663 
Foreign currency contractsForeign currency contractsOther long term liabilities  2,443  —  Foreign currency contractsOther long term liabilities5,769 3,645 779 
Total derivative liabilities designated as hedging instrumentsTotal derivative liabilities designated as hedging instruments$11,215  $228  Total derivative liabilities designated as hedging instruments$27,391 $14,854 $9,442 
Derivatives not designated as hedging instruments under ASC 815Derivatives not designated as hedging instruments under ASC 815Derivatives not designated as hedging instruments under ASC 815
Foreign currency contractsForeign currency contractsOther current assets  $2,337  $1,097  Foreign currency contractsOther current assets$3,408 $4,412 $1,999 
Total derivative assets not designated as hedging instrumentsTotal derivative assets not designated as hedging instruments$2,337  $1,097  Total derivative assets not designated as hedging instruments$3,408 $4,412 $1,999 
Foreign currency contractsForeign currency contractsOther current liabilities  $9,510  $2,307  Foreign currency contractsOther current liabilities$6,563 $1,213 $4,648 
Foreign currency contractsForeign currency contractsOther long term liabilities$$— $— 
Total derivative liabilities not designated as hedging instrumentsTotal derivative liabilities not designated as hedging instruments$9,510  $2,307  Total derivative liabilities not designated as hedging instruments$6,567 $1,213 $4,648 

The following table presents the amounts in the consolidated statementsConsolidated Statements of operationsOperations in which the effects of cash flow hedges are recorded and the effects of cash flow hedge activity on these line items.
Year Ended December 31,
201920182017
(In thousands)TotalAmount of Gain (Loss) on Cash Flow Hedge ActivityTotalAmount of Gain (Loss) on Cash Flow Hedge ActivityTotalAmount of Gain (Loss) on Cash Flow Hedge Activity
Net revenues$5,267,132  $18,789  $5,193,185  $(1,748) $4,989,244  $2,469
Cost of goods sold2,796,599  4,703  2,852,714  (1,279) 2,737,830  380  
Interest expense, net(21,240) 1,598  (33,568) 386  (34,538) (920) 
Other expense, net(5,688) 871  (9,203) 1,537  (3,614) (5,716) 
items:
Year Ended
March 31, 2023
Three Months Ended March 31, 2022 (Transition Period)Year Ended
December 31, 2021
Year Ended
December 31, 2020
TotalAmount of Gain (Loss) on Cash Flow Hedge ActivityTotalAmount of Gain (Loss) on Cash Flow Hedge ActivityTotalAmount of Gain (Loss) on Cash Flow Hedge ActivityTotalAmount of Gain (Loss) on Cash Flow Hedge Activity
Net revenues$5,903,636 $44,492 $1,300,945 $2,049 $5,683,466 $(6,410)$4,474,667 $2,098 
Cost of goods sold$3,254,296 $2,016 $695,781 $(2,903)$2,821,967 $(11,825)$2,314,572 $9,516 
Interest income (expense), net$(12,826)$(37)$(6,154)$(9)$(44,300)$(37)$(47,259)$(36)
Other income (expense), net$16,780 $— $(51)$— $(51,113)$— $168,153 $25 

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The following tables present the amounts affecting the statementsConsolidated Statements of comprehensive income (loss).
(In thousands)Balance as of
December 31, 2018
Amount of gain (loss) recognized in other comprehensive income (loss) on derivativesAmount of gain (loss) reclassified from other comprehensive income (loss) into incomeBalance as of December 31, 2019
Derivatives designated as cash flow hedges
Foreign currency contracts$21,908  $(3,550) $24,363  $(6,005) 
Interest rate swaps954  67  1,598  (577) 
Total designated as cash flow hedges$22,862  $(3,483) $25,961  $(6,582) 
Comprehensive Income (Loss):
Balance as of
March 31, 2022
Amount of gain (loss) recognized in other comprehensive income (loss) on derivativesAmount of gain (loss) reclassified from other comprehensive income (loss) into incomeBalance as of March 31, 2023
Derivatives designated as cash flow hedges
Foreign currency contracts$41 $41,703 $46,508 $(4,764)
Interest rate swaps(495)— (37)(458)
Total designated as cash flow hedges$(454)$41,703 $46,471 $(5,222)

(In thousands)Balance as of
December 31, 2017
Amount of gain (loss) recognized in other comprehensive income (loss) on derivativesAmount of gain (loss) reclassified from other comprehensive income (loss) into incomeBalance as of
December 31, 2018
Balance as of
December 31, 2021
Amount of gain (loss) recognized in other comprehensive income (loss) on derivativesAmount of gain (loss) reclassified from other comprehensive income (loss) into incomeBalance as of March 31, 2022
Derivatives designated as cash flow hedgesDerivatives designated as cash flow hedgesDerivatives designated as cash flow hedges
Foreign currency contractsForeign currency contracts$(8,312) $28,730  $(1,490) $21,908  Foreign currency contracts$(1,617)$804 $(854)$41 
Interest rate swapsInterest rate swaps438  902  386  954  Interest rate swaps(504)— (9)(495)
Total designated as cash flow hedgesTotal designated as cash flow hedges$(7,874) $29,632  $(1,104) $22,862  Total designated as cash flow hedges$(2,121)$804 $(863)$(454)

Balance as of
December 31, 2020
Amount of gain (loss) recognized in other comprehensive income (loss) on derivativesAmount of gain (loss) reclassified from other comprehensive income (loss) into incomeBalance as of
December 31, 2021
Derivatives designated as cash flow hedges
Foreign currency contracts$(25,908)$6,056 $(18,235)$(1,617)
Interest rate swaps(541)— (37)(504)
Total designated as cash flow hedges$(26,449)$6,056 $(18,272)$(2,121)
Balance as of
December 31, 2019
Amount of gain (loss) recognized in other comprehensive income (loss) on derivativesAmount of gain (loss) reclassified from other comprehensive income (loss) into incomeBalance as of
December 31, 2020
Derivatives designated as cash flow hedges
Foreign currency contracts$(6,005)$(8,336)$11,567 $(25,908)
Interest rate swaps(577)— (36)(541)
Total designated as cash flow hedges$(6,582)$(8,336)$11,531 $(26,449)

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(In thousands)Balance as of
December 31, 2016
Amount of gain (loss) recognized in other comprehensive income (loss) on derivativesAmount of gain (loss) reclassified from other comprehensive income (loss) into incomeBalance as of
December 31, 2017
Derivatives designated as cash flow hedges
Foreign currency contracts$15,524  $(26,703) $(2,867) $(8,312) 
Interest rate swaps(1,107) 625  (920) 438  
Total designated as cash flow hedges$14,417  $(26,078) $(3,787) $(7,874) 

The following table presents the amounts in the consolidated statementsConsolidated Statements of operationsOperations in which the effects of undesignated derivative instruments are recorded and the effects of fair value hedge activity on these line items.items:
Year Ended
March 31, 2023
Three Months Ended March 31, 2022
(Transition Period)
Year Ended
December 31, 2021
Year Ended
December 31, 2020
TotalAmount of Gain (Loss) on Fair Value Hedge ActivityTotalAmount of Gain (Loss) on Fair Value Hedge ActivityTotalAmount of Gain (Loss) on Fair Value Hedge ActivityTotalAmount of Gain (Loss) on Fair Value Hedge Activity
Other income (expense), net$16,780 $(7,200)$(51)$4,481 $(51,113)$(8,502)$168,153 $(2,173)
Year ended December 31,
201920182017
(In thousands)TotalAmount of Gain (Loss) on Fair Value Hedge ActivityTotalAmount of Gain (Loss) on Fair Value Hedge ActivityTotalAmount of Gain (Loss) on Fair Value Hedge Activity
Other expense, net$(5,688) $(6,141) $(9,203) $(13,688) $(3,614) $129  
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Cash Flow Hedges
The Company is exposed to gains and losses resulting from fluctuations in foreign currency exchange rates relating to transactions generated by its international subsidiaries in currencies other than their local currencies. These gains and losses are driven by non-functional currency generated revenue, non-functional currency inventory purchases, investments in U.S. Dollar denominated available-for-sale debt securities, and certain other intercompany transactions. The Company enters into foreign currency contracts to reduce the risk associated with the foreign currency exchange rate fluctuations on these transactions. Certain contracts are designated as cash flow hedges. As of DecemberMarch 31, 2019,2023, the aggregate notional value of the Company's outstanding cash flow hedges was $879.8$799.7 million with(as March 31, 2022: $1,096.5 million; December 31, 2021: $556.5 million) of which contract maturities ranging from one to twenty-four months.
The Company may enter into long term debt arrangements with various lenders which bear a range of fixed and variable rates of interest. The nature and amount of the Company's long term debt can be expected to vary as a result of future business requirements, market conditions and other factors. The Company may elect to enter into interest rate swap contracts to reduce the impact associated with interest rate fluctuations. The interest rate swap contracts are accounted for as cash flow hedges. Refer to Note 78 of the Consolidated Financial Statements for a discussion of long term debt. As of December 31, 2019, the Company had no outstanding interest rate swap contracts.
For contracts designated as cash flow hedges, the changes in fair value are reported as other comprehensive income (loss) and are recognized in current earnings in the period or periods during which the hedged transaction affects current earnings. Effective hedge results are classified in the consolidated statementsConsolidated Statements of operationsOperations in the same manner as the underlying exposure.
In March 2023, the Company unwound and de-designated certain derivative instruments previously designated as cash flow hedges. The pre-tax gain of $2.3 million, which had been recorded in other comprehensive income prior to the de-designation of the derivative instruments, was recognized in earnings during the period.
Undesignated Derivative Instruments
The Company may elect to enterhas entered into foreign exchange forward contracts to mitigate the change in fair value of specific assets and liabilities on the consolidated balance sheets. These undesignatedConsolidated Balance Sheets. Undesignated instruments are recorded at fair value as a derivative asset or liability on the consolidated balance sheetsConsolidated Balance Sheets with their corresponding change in fair value recognized in other expense, net, together with the re-measurement gain or loss from the hedged balance sheet position. As of DecemberMarch 31, 2019,2023, the total notional value of the Company's outstanding undesignated derivative instruments was $304.2 million.$396.7 million (March 31, 2022: $228.4 million; December 31, 2021: $258.2 million).
Credit Risk
The Company enters into derivative contracts with major financial institutions with investment grade credit ratings and is exposed to credit losses in the event of non-performance by these financial institutions. This credit risk is generally limited to the unrealized gains in the derivative contracts. However, the Company monitors the credit quality of these financial institutions and considers the risk of counterparty default to be minimal.
NOTE 17. PROVISION FOR INCOME TAXES
Income (loss) before income taxes is as follows: 
(In thousands)Year Ended
March 31, 2023
Three Months Ended
March 31, 2022
(Transition Period)
Year Ended December 31, 2021Year Ended December 31, 2020
Income (loss) before income taxes
United States$27,650 $(88,789)$191,201 $(478,465)
Foreign260,115 36,628 199,676 (14,079)
Total$287,765 $(52,161)$390,877 $(492,544)

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The components of the income tax expense (benefit) consisted of the following:
(In thousands)Year Ended
March 31, 2023
Three Months Ended
March 31, 2022
(Transition Period)
Year Ended December 31, 2021Year Ended December 31, 2020
Current
Federal$18,483 $331 $(2,454)$(30,047)
State3,771 99 864 34 
Foreign29,103 10,251 36,304 16,720 
51,357 10,681 34,714 (13,293)
Deferred
Federal(159,277)159 5,148 50,620 
State215 (4)(3,645)587 
Foreign6,659 (2,655)(4,145)11,473 
(152,403)(2,500)(2,642)62,680 
Income tax expense (benefit)$(101,046)$8,181 $32,072 $49,387 

A reconciliation from the U.S. statutory federal income tax rate to the effective income tax rate is as follows: 
 Year Ended
March 31, 2023
Three Months Ended
March 31, 2022
(Transition Period)
Year Ended
December 31, 2021
Year Ended
December 31, 2020
U.S. federal statutory income tax rate$60,431 21.0 %$(10,954)21.0 %$82,086 21.0 %$(103,434)21.0 %
State taxes, net of federal tax impact8,800 3.0 %(5,314)10.2 %23,508 6.0 %(29,341)6.0 %
Effect of foreign earnings(2,019)(0.7)%(361)0.7 %(10,697)(2.7)%(762)0.2 %
Permanent tax benefits/nondeductible expenses(9,330)(3.2)%(900)1.7 %(12,343)(3.2)%15,993 (3.2)%
Permanent tax benefits/nondeductible losses - divestitures— — %(552)1.1 %7,317 1.9 %(118,321)24.0 %
Unrecognized tax benefits11,560 4.0 %750 (1.4)%9,813 1.1 %2,260 (0.5)%
Impacts related to U.S. Tax Act— — %— — %— — %(13,987)2.8 %
Valuation allowance(170,414)(59.2)%26,223 (50.3)%(63,418)(14.9)%302,575 (61.4)%
Other(74)— %(711)1.3 %(4,194)(1.1)%(5,596)1.1 %
Effective income tax rate$(101,046)(35.1)%$8,181 (15.7)%$32,072 8.2 %$49,387 (10.0)%
For Fiscal 2023 the Company recorded an income tax benefit of $101.0 million compared to income tax expense of $8.2 million and $32.1 million in the periods ending March 31, 2022, and December 31, 2021, respectively. The change was primarily due to the recognition of an income tax benefit from the release of the U.S. federal valuation on beginning of year deferred tax assets in the period ending March 31, 2023. In the period ending March 31, 2022, additional valuation allowances were recorded for the U.S. and for the period ended December 31, 2021, the income tax benefits for the reduction in U.S. valuation allowances was limited to the current period earnings.
On August 16, 2022, the Inflation Reduction Act (the "Act") was enacted and signed into law in the United States. The Act contains a number of revisions to the Internal Revenue Code, including a 15% corporate minimum tax and a 1% excise tax on corporate stock repurchases in tax years beginning after December 31, 2022. The Company does not expect these tax provisions to have a material impact to the consolidated financial statements.
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Deferred tax assets and liabilities consisted of the following:
(In thousands)March 31, 2023March 31, 2022December 31, 2021
Deferred tax assets
Operating lease liabilities$213,381 $191,342 $197,682 
U.S. Federal and State Capital Loss45,099 57,200 57,097 
Reserves and accrued liabilities44,401 61,846 41,943 
Capitalized research expenditures35,539 8,646 — 
Inventory33,768 18,862 26,860 
Foreign net operating loss carry-forwards33,492 38,069 33,875 
Intangible assets22,923 25,935 26,281 
U.S. state net operating loss13,708 17,438 16,636 
Allowance for doubtful accounts and sales return reserves13,112 15,168 14,940 
Foreign tax credits9,522 9,423 8,606 
Stock-based compensation8,076 6,299 11,301 
Deductions limited by income5,957 6,083 3,288 
U.S. tax credits4,567 7,970 7,273 
Convertible debt instruments725 1,196 — 
Other8,674 8,896 5,490 
Total deferred tax assets492,944 474,373 451,272 
Less: valuation allowance(175,185)(350,610)(318,221)
Total net deferred tax assets$317,759 $123,763 $133,051 
Deferred tax liabilities
Right-of-use asset$(122,286)$(93,541)$(98,085)
Convertible debt instruments— — (1,066)
Prepaid expenses(4,875)(8,012)(8,356)
Property, plant and equipment(3,862)(1,913)(7,018)
Other(1,888)(2,042)(3,743)
Total deferred tax liabilities(132,911)(105,508)(118,268)
Total deferred tax assets, net$184,848 $18,255 $14,783 

    
All deferred tax assets and liabilities are classified as non-current on the Consolidated Balance Sheets as of March 31, 2023, March 31, 2022 and December 31, 2021. In evaluating its ability to realize the net deferred tax assets, the Company considered all available positive and negative evidence, including its past operating results and the forecast of future market growth, forecasted earnings, future taxable income, and prudent and feasible tax planning strategies. The assumptions utilized in determining future taxable income require significant judgment and actual operating results in future years could differ from the Company's current assumptions, judgments and estimates.
A significant portion of the Company’s deferred tax assets relate to U.S. federal and state taxing jurisdictions. Realization of these deferred tax assets is dependent on future U.S. pre-tax earnings. In evaluating the recoverability of these deferred tax assets as of March 31, 2023, the Company has considered all available evidence, both positive and negative, including but not limited to the following:
Positive
Current year pre-tax earnings including positive financial taxable income in the U.S. federal jurisdiction.
Prior three-year cumulative positive financial taxable income in the U.S. federal jurisdiction.
Forecasted future positive financial taxable income in the U.S.
No material definite lived tax attributes (excluding capital loss) subject to expiration in the near short term.
No history of U.S. federal and material state tax attributes expiring unused.
Available prudent and feasible tax planning strategies.
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Negative
Prior three-year cumulative financial taxable loss in the U.S. state jurisdiction.
Inherent challenges in forecasting sufficient future state pre-tax earnings to overcome existing cumulative losses in prior years.
Existing definite life state attributes related to credits and net operating losses.
As of March 31, 2023, the Company believes that the weight of the positive evidence outweighs the negative evidence regarding the realization of the Company’s U.S. federal deferred tax assets, resulting in the release of the corresponding valuation allowance. The release of valuation allowance (excluding capital losses) resulted in a material benefit to income tax expense and net income in the period. As of March 31, 2023, for U.S states the Company believes the weight of the negative evidence continues to outweigh the positive evidence regarding the realization of the state deferred tax assets and the Company has maintained a valuation allowance against these assets. The Company's current forecast for the U.S. indicates that there is a possibility that within the next 12 months, sufficient positive evidence may become available to reach a conclusion that a portion of the U.S state valuation allowance will no longer be required. The actualization of these forecasted results may result in a reversal of a portion of previously recorded U.S state valuation allowances in the United States. The release of valuation allowances would result in a benefit to income tax expense in the period the release is recorded. The timing and amount are subject to change based on the actual profitability that the Company is able to actually achieve in the United States.The Company also continues to maintain a valuation allowance against its net deferred income tax assets in certain foreign tax jurisdictions and will evaluate its ability to realize its net deferred tax assets on a quarterly basis.
As of each reporting date, management considers new evidence, both positive and negative, that could affect its view of the future realization of deferred tax assets. The Company will continue to evaluate our ability to realize our net deferred tax assets on a quarterly basis.
As of March 31, 2023, the Company had $13.7 million in deferred tax assets associated with $261.5 million in state net operating loss carryforwards and $4.6 million in deferred tax assets associated with state tax credits, the majority of which are definite lived. Certain definite lived state net operating losses and state tax credits will begin to expire within ten to twenty years. The Company had $45.1 million in deferred tax assets associated with federal and state capital loss carryforwards of $176.8 million, which, if unused, will expire in two years. The Company is not able to forecast the utilization of the deferred tax assets associated with state net operating loss carryforwards, the deferred tax assets associated with federal and state capital loss carryforwards, and a majority of the deferred tax assets associated with state tax credits and has recorded a valuation allowance of $63.1 million against these deferred tax assets.
As of March 31, 2023, the Company had $38.4 million in deferred tax assets associated with approximately $177.6 million in foreign net operating loss carryforwards and $9.5 million in deferred tax assets associated with foreign tax credit carryforwards. While the majority of the foreign net operating loss carryforwards and foreign tax credit carryforwards have an indefinite carryforward period, certain are definite lived, expected to expire within three to fifteen years. Additionally, the Company is not able to forecast the utilization of a majority of the deferred tax assets associated with foreign net operating loss carryforwards, foreign tax credit carryforwards and certain other foreign deferred tax assets and has recorded a valuation allowance of $68.9 million against these foreign deferred tax assets.
As of March 31, 2023, approximately $396.5 million of cash and cash equivalents was held by the Company's non-U.S. subsidiaries whose cumulative undistributed earnings total $1.3 billion. The Tax Cuts and Jobs Act of 2017 imposed U.S. federal tax on all post-1986 foreign unrepatriated earnings accumulated through December 31, 2017. The portion of these earnings not subject to U.S. federal income tax as part of the one-time transition tax should, in general, not be subject to U.S. federal income tax. The Company will continue to permanently reinvest these earnings, as well as future earnings from its foreign subsidiaries, to fund international growth and operations. If the Company was to repatriate indefinitely reinvested foreign funds, it would still be required to accrue and pay certain taxes upon repatriation, including foreign withholding taxes and certain U.S. state taxes and recognized foreign exchange rate impacts. Determination of the unrecorded deferred tax liability that would be incurred if such amounts were repatriated is not practicable.
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The following table represents a reconciliation of the Company's total unrecognized tax benefits balances, excluding interest and penalties.
(In thousands)Year Ended
March 31, 2023
Three Months Ended
March 31, 2022
(Transition Period)
Year Ended December 31, 2021Year Ended December 31, 2020
Beginning of period$49,842 $49,125 $40,314 $41,194 
Increases as a result of tax positions taken in a prior period4,987 159 6,713 1,738 
Decreases as a result of tax positions taken in a prior period(598)(37)(332)(2,309)
Increases as a result of tax positions taken during the current period4,594 595 2,430 2,142 
Decreases as a result of settlements during the current period— — — (1,500)
Reductions as a result of divestiture— — — (951)
End of period$58,825 $49,842 $49,125 $40,314 
As of March 31, 2023, the total liability for unrecognized tax benefits was approximately $67.2 million (March 31, 2022: $55.6 million; December 31, 2021: $54.6 million) including $8.5 million for the accrual of interest and penalties (March 31, 2022: $5.7 million; December 31, 2021: $5.5 million).
For Fiscal 2023, the Company recorded $2.7 million for the accrual of interest and penalties within the provision for income taxes on its Consolidated Statements of Operations (Fiscal 2021: $1.2 million; Fiscal 2020: $1.2 million; Transition Period: $0.2 million).
As of March 31, 2023, $50.3 million of unrecognized tax benefits, excluding interest and penalties, would impact the Company's effective tax rate if recognized. Also included in the balance are unrecognized tax benefits of $6.6 million that, if recognized, would result in adjustments to other tax accounts, primarily valuation allowances on deferred tax assets.
The Company files income tax returns in the U.S. federal jurisdiction and various state and foreign jurisdictions. The Company is currently under audit by the U.S. Internal Revenue Service for the years 2015 through 2020. The majority of the Company's other returns for years before 2017 are no longer subject to U.S. federal, state and local or foreign income tax examinations by tax authorities.
The total amount of unrecognized tax benefits relating to the Company's tax positions is subject to change based on future events including, but not limited to, the settlements of ongoing tax audits and assessments and the expiration of applicable statutes of limitations. Although the outcomes and timing of such events are highly uncertain, the Company does not anticipate that the balance of gross unrecognized tax benefits, excluding interest and penalties, will change significantly during the next twelve months. However, changes in the occurrence, expected outcomes, and timing of such events could cause the Company's current estimate to change materially in the future.

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NOTE 18. EARNINGS PER SHARE
The following represents a reconciliation from basic net income (loss) per share to diluted net income (loss) per share:
Year Ended
March 31,
2023
Three Months Ended
March 31, 2022
(Transition Period)
Year Ended December 31, 2021(1)
Year Ended December 31, 2020
Numerator
Net income (loss) - Basic$386,769 $(59,610)$360,060 $(549,177)
Interest on Convertible Senior Notes due 2024, net of tax (2)
899 — — — 
Net income (loss) - Diluted$387,668 $(59,610)$360,060 $(549,177)
Denominator
Weighted average common shares outstanding Class A, B and C - Basic451,426 471,425 465,504 454,089 
Dilutive effect of Class A, B, and C securities (2)
1,841 — 3,035 — 
Dilutive effect of Convertible Senior Notes due 2024 (2)
8,242 — 105 — 
Weighted average common shares and dilutive securities outstanding Class A, B, and C461,509 471,425 468,644 454,089 
Class A and Class C securities excluded as anti-dilutive (3)
6,989 6,539 1,578 6,364 
Basic net income (loss) per share of Class A, B and C common stock$0.86 $(0.13)$0.77 $(1.21)
Diluted net income (loss) per share of Class A, B and C common stock$0.84 $(0.13)$0.77 $(1.21)
(1) The Company adopted Accounting Standard Update No. 2020-06 "Debt - Debt with Conversion and Other Options (Subtopic 470-20) and Derivatives and Hedging - Contracts in Entity's Own Equity (Subtopic 815-40)" (ASU 2020-06) on January 1, 2022 using the modified retrospective transition approach. As a result, prior period comparatives have not been restated to conform to current period presentation.
(2) Effects of potentially dilutive securities are presented only in periods in which they are dilutive. No stock options, restricted stock units, or effects from the Convertible Senior Notes due 2024 are included in the computation of diluted earnings per share during periods when the Company is in the net loss position, as their effect would be anti-dilutive.
(3) Represents stock options and restricted stock units of Class A and Class C Common Stock outstanding that were excluded from the computation of diluted earnings per share because their effect would have been anti-dilutive.

NOTE 19. SEGMENT DATA
The Company's operating segments are based on how the Chief Operating Decision Maker ("CODM") makes decisions about allocating resources and assessing performance. As such, the CODM receives discrete financial information for the Company's principal business by geographic region based on the Company's strategy of being a global brand. These geographic regions include North America, Europe, the Middle East and Africa ("EMEA"), Asia-Pacific and Latin America. Each geographic segment operates exclusively in one industry: the development, marketing and distribution of branded performance apparel, footwear and accessories. Total expenditures for additions to long-lived assets are not disclosed as this information is not regularly provided to the CODM.
The Company excludes certain corporate items from its segment profitability measures. The Company reports these items within Corporate Other, which is designed to provide increased transparency and comparability of the Company's operating segments' performance. Corporate Other consists primarily of (i) operating results related to MMR platforms and other digital business opportunities; (ii) general and administrative expenses not allocated to an operating segment, including expenses associated with centrally managed departments which include global marketing, global IT, global supply chain and innovation, and other corporate support functions; (iii) restructuring and restructuring related charges; and (iv) certain foreign currency hedge gains and losses.
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16. Related Party TransactionsThe following tables summarize the Company's net revenues and operating income (loss) by its geographic segments. Intercompany balances were eliminated for separate disclosure:
Year Ended
March 31, 2023
Three Months Ended
March 31, 2022
(Transition Period)
Year Ended December 31, 2021Year Ended December 31, 2020
Net revenues
North America$3,820,993 $841,101 $3,810,372 $2,944,978 
EMEA992,624 228,056 842,511 598,296 
Asia-Pacific825,338 181,908 831,762 628,657 
Latin America213,215 45,640 195,248 164,825 
Corporate Other51,466 4,240 3,573 137,911 
Total net revenues$5,903,636 $1,300,945 $5,683,466 $4,474,667 


Year Ended
March 31,
2023
Three Months Ended
March 31, 2022
(Transition Period)
Year Ended December 31, 2021Year Ended December 31, 2020
Operating income (loss)
North America$734,881 $154,084 $972,093 $474,584 
EMEA112,161 30,336 132,602 60,592 
Asia-Pacific100,276 5,464 132,911 
Latin America23,487 6,343 22,388 (42,790)
Corporate Other(686,994)(242,183)(773,704)(1,105,826)
    Total operating income (loss)283,811 (45,956)486,290 (613,438)
Interest expense, net(12,826)(6,154)(44,300)(47,259)
Other income (expense), net16,780 (51)(51,113)168,153 
    Income (loss) before income taxes$287,765 $(52,161)$390,877 $(492,544)

Long-lived assets are primarily composed of property and equipment, net and operating lease right-of-use assets. The Company's long-lived assets by geographic area were as follows:
March 31, 2023March 31, 2022December 31, 2021
Long-lived assets
United States$921,845 $787,806 $801,130 
Canada15,671 20,756 21,094 
Total North America937,516 808,562 822,224 
Other foreign countries224,526 213,200 233,366 
Total long-lived assets$1,162,042 $1,021,762 $1,055,590 

NOTE 20. RELATED PARTY TRANSACTIONS
The Company has an operating lease agreement with an entity controlled by the Company’sCompany's Executive ChairmanChair and Brand Chief to lease an aircraft for business purposes. The Company paidrecorded $2.0 million infor lease payments to the entity for its use of the aircraft during eachFiscal 2023, of the years ended December 31, 2019, 2018 and 2017. NaN amounts werewhich $0.6 million remained payable to this related party as of DecemberMarch 31, 2019 and 2018.2023 (Fiscal 2021: $2.0 million; Fiscal 2020: $2.0 million; Transition Period: $0.5 million). The Company determined the lease payments were at fair market lease rates.
In June 2016, the Company purchased parcels of land from an entity controlled by the Company's Executive ChairmanChair and Brand Chief, to be utilized to expand the Company’sCompany's corporate headquarters to accommodate its growth needs. The purchase price for these parcels totaled $70.3 million. The Company determined that the purchase price for the land represented the fair market value of the parcels and approximated the cost to the seller to purchase and develop the parcels, including costs related to the termination of a lease encumbering the parcels.
In connection with the purchase of these parcels, in September 2016, the parties entered into an agreement in September 2016 and a supplement thereto in May 2022, pursuant to which the parties will share the burden of any special taxes
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arising due to infrastructure projects in the surrounding area. The allocation to the Company is based on the expected benefits to the Company’sCompany's parcels from these projects. No obligationsamounts were owed by either party under this agreement as of DecemberMarch 31, 2019.2023.

17. Segment Data and Disaggregated RevenueITEM 9. CHANGES IN AND DISAGREEMENTS WITH ACCOUNTANTS ON ACCOUNTING AND
The Company’s operating segments are based on how the Chief Operating Decision Maker (“CODM”) makes decisions about allocating resources and assessing performance. As such, the CODM receives discrete financial information for the Company's principal business by geographic region based on the Company’s strategy to become a global brand. These geographic regions include North America, Europe, the Middle East and Africa (“EMEA”), Asia-Pacific, and Latin America. Each geographic segment operates exclusively in one industry: the development, marketing and distribution of branded performance apparel, footwear and accessories. The CODM also receives discrete financial information for the Company's Connected Fitness business. Total expenditures for additions to long-lived assets are not disclosed as this information is not regularly provided to the CODM.FINANCIAL DISCLOSURE
Effective January 1, 2019, the Company changed the way management internally analyzes the business and excludes certain corporate costs from its segment profitability measures. The Company reports these costs within Corporate Other, which is designed to provide increased transparency and comparability of the Company's operating segments performance. Prior year amounts have been recast to conform to the 2019 presentation. These changes have no impact on previously reported consolidated balance sheets, statements of operations, comprehensive income (loss), stockholders' equity, or cash flows.
Corporate Other consists largely of general and administrative expenses not allocated to an operating segment, including expenses associated with centrally managed departments such as global marketing, global IT, global supply chain, innovation and other corporate support functions; costs related to the Company's global assets and global marketing, costs related to the Company’s headquarters; restructuring and restructuring related charges; and certain foreign currency hedge gains and losses.
Disposition of a Subsidiary
On October 1, 2018, the Company sold its Brazilian subsidiary within the Company's Latin America segment. In connection with this sale, the Company entered into a license and distribution agreement with the buyer who will continue to sell the Company's products in Brazil. The Company's Brazil business represented less than 1% of the Company’s net revenue and was not considered material to the Company's consolidated results of operations.
Segment Data
The net revenues and operating income (loss) associated with the Company's segments are summarized in the following tables. Net revenues represent sales to external customers for each segment. Intercompany balances were eliminated for separate disclosure.
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(In thousands)Year Ended December 31,
201920182017
Net revenues
North America$3,658,353  $3,735,293  $3,801,056  
EMEA621,137  591,057  471,560  
Asia-Pacific636,343  557,431  430,972  
Latin America196,132  190,795  181,317  
Connected Fitness136,378  120,357  101,870  
Corporate Other (1)18,789  (1,748) 2,469  
Total net revenues$5,267,132  $5,193,185  $4,989,244  
(1) Corporate Other revenues consist of foreign currency hedge gains and losses related to revenues generated by entities within the Company's operating segments, but managed through the Company's central foreign exchange risk management program.
Net revenues in the United States were $3,394.0 million, $3,464.0 million, and $3,626.6 million for the years ended December 31, 2019, 2018 and 2017, respectively. 

(In thousands)Year Ended December 31,
201920182017
Operating income (loss)
North America$733,442  $718,195  $700,190  
EMEA53,739  30,388  26,042  
Asia-Pacific97,641  103,527  89,320  
Latin America(3,160) (16,879) (14,400) 
Connected Fitness17,140  5,948  (6,541) 
Corporate Other(662,032) (866,196) (766,768) 
    Total operating income (loss)236,770  (25,017) 27,843  
Interest expense, net(21,240) (33,568) $(34,538) 
Other income (expense), net(5,688) (9,203) $(3,614) 
    Income (loss) before income taxes$209,842  $(67,788) $(10,309) 
The operating income (loss) information for Corporate Other presented above includes the impact of all restructuring, impairment and restructuring related charges related to the Company's 2018 and 2017 restructuring plans. These unallocated charges are as follows:
(In thousands)Year Ended December 31,
20182017
Unallocated restructuring, impairment and restructuring related charges
North America related$115,687  $56,103  
EMEA related34,699  1,855  
Asia-Pacific related 112  
Latin America related27,107  13,903  
Connected Fitness related1,505  48,111  
Corporate Other related24,950  9,042  
Total unallocated restructuring, impairment and restructuring related costs$203,949  $129,126  
There were 0 restructuring charges incurred during the year ended December 31, 2019.

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Long-lived assets are primarily composed of Property and equipment, net and ROU assets. The Company's long-lived assets by geographic area were as follows:
(In thousands)Year Ended December 31,
20192018
Long-lived assets
United States$1,051,089  $705,776  
Canada23,268  11,669  
Total North America1,074,357  717,445  
Other foreign countries309,722  109,423  
Total long lived assets$1,384,079  $826,868  

Disaggregation of Revenue
The following tables disaggregate the Company's net revenues into categories that depict how the nature, amount, timing, and uncertainty of net revenues and cash flows are affected by economic factors for the fiscal periods presented.
Net revenues by product category are as follows:
(In thousands)Year Ended December 31,
201920182017
Apparel$3,470,285  $3,464,120  $3,284,652  
Footwear1,086,551  1,063,175  1,037,840  
Accessories416,354  422,496  445,838  
Net Sales4,973,190  4,949,791  4,768,330  
License revenues138,775  124,785  116,575  
Connected Fitness136,378  120,357  101,870  
Corporate Other (1)18,789  (1,748) 2,469  
    Total net revenues$5,267,132  $5,193,185  $4,989,244  
(1) Corporate Other revenues consist of foreign currency hedge gains and losses related to revenues generated by entities within the Company's operating segments, but managed through the Company's central foreign exchange risk management program.
Net revenues by distribution channel are as follows:
(In thousands)Year Ended December 31,
201920182017
Wholesale$3,167,625  $3,141,983  $3,038,020  
Direct to Consumer1,805,565  1,807,808  1,730,310  
Net Sales4,973,190  4,949,791  4,768,330  
License revenues138,775  124,785  116,575  
Connected Fitness136,378  120,357  101,870  
Corporate Other (1)18,789  (1,748) 2,469  
Total Net Revenues$5,267,132  $5,193,185  $4,989,244  
(1) Corporate Other revenues consist of foreign currency hedge gains and losses related to revenues generated by entities within the Company's operating segments, but managed through the Company's central foreign exchange risk management program.None.

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18. Unaudited Quarterly Financial Data
(In thousands)Quarter Ended (unaudited)
Year Ended
December 31,
March 31,June 30,September 30,December 31,
2019     
Net revenues$1,204,722  $1,191,729  $1,429,456  $1,441,225  $5,267,132  
Gross profit544,787  554,321  689,898  681,527  2,470,533  
Income (loss) from operations35,259  (11,482) 138,920  74,073  236,770  
Net income (loss)$22,477  $(17,349) $102,315  $(15,304) $92,139  
Basic net income (loss) per share of Class A, B and C common stock$0.05  $(0.04) $0.23  $(0.03) $0.20  
Diluted net income (loss) per share of Class A, B and C common stock$0.05  $(0.04) $0.23  $(0.03) $0.20  
2018     
Net revenues$1,185,370  $1,174,859  $1,442,976  $1,389,980  $5,193,185  
Gross profit523,453  526,584  665,207  625,227  2,340,471  
Income (loss) from operations(28,661) (104,875) 118,966  (10,447) (25,017) 
Net income (loss)$(30,242) $(95,544) $75,266  $4,218  $(46,302) 
Basic net income (loss) per share of Class A, B and C common stock$(0.07) $(0.21) $0.17  $0.01  $(0.10) 
Diluted net income (loss) per share of Class A, B and C common stock$(0.07) $(0.21) $0.17  $0.01  $(0.10) 

19. Subsequent Events
Acquisition
On February 20, 2020, the Company entered into an agreement to acquire Triple Pte. Ltd. ("Triple"), a distributor of the Company's products in Southeast Asia. The purchase price for the acquisition will be $30 million in cash, which will be adjusted to reflect that the acquisition will close on a debt free basis with Triple's transaction expenses borne by the sellers and subject to a working capital adjustment. In addition, the aggregate purchase price payable at the closing is subject to an upward adjustment to reflect the amount of net cash held by Triple at closing. The acquisition is currently expected to close during the first quarter of 2020, subject to the satisfaction of customary closing conditions. The acquisition is expected to be funded through cash on hand.


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ITEM 9.CHANGES IN AND DISAGREEMENTS WITH ACCOUNTANTS ON ACCOUNTING AND FINANCIAL DISCLOSURE
None


ITEM 9A.CONTROLS AND PROCEDURES
ITEM 9A. CONTROLS AND PROCEDURES
Evaluation of Disclosure Controls and Procedures
Our management has evaluated, under the supervision and with the participation of our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, the effectiveness of our disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e) under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the “Exchange Act”"Exchange Act")) as of the end of the period covered by this report. Based on that evaluation, our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer have concluded that our disclosure controls and procedures are effective in ensuring that information required to be disclosed in our Exchange Act reports is (1) recorded, processed, summarized and reported in a timely manner and (2) accumulated and communicated to our management, including our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, as appropriate to allow timely decisions regarding required disclosure. The Company’s internal
Management's Annual Report on Internal control over financial reporting asFinancial Reporting is included in Item 8 of December 31, 2019 has been audited by PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP, as stated in their report which appears herein.this Annual Report on Form 10-K.
Changes in Internal Controls
In 2015, we beganWe have assessed the process of implementing a global operating and financial reporting information technology system, SAP Fashion Management Solution ("FMS"), as part of a multi-year plan to integrate and upgrade our systems and processes. The first phase of this implementation became operational in July 2017, in our North America, EMEA, and Connected Fitness operations. The second phase of this implementation became operational in April 2019 in China and South Korea. We believe the implementation of the systems and relatedimpact on changes to internal controls will enhance our internal controls over financial reporting. We also expect to continue to see enhancements to our global systems, which will then continue to strengthen our internal financial reporting controls by automating select manual processes and standardizing both business processes and relied upon reporting across our organization.
We are currently in the process of implementing FMS in our Latin America operations and expect it to become operational in 2020. As the phased implementation of this system continues, we will continue to experience certain changes to our processes and procedures which, in turn, result in changes to our internal control over financial reporting. In addition, we believe that our robust assessment provides effective global coverage for key control activities that support our internal controls over financial reporting, conclusion. While we expect FMS to strengthen our internal financial controls by automating certain manual processes and standardizing business processes and reporting across our organization, management will continue to evaluate and monitor our internal controls as each of the affected areas evolve. For a discussion of risks related to the implementation of new systems, see Item 1A - "Risk Factors - Risks Related to Our Business - Risks and uncertainties associated with the implementation of information systems may negatively impact our business."
During the quarter ended March 31, 2019, we implemented controls to ensure we adequately evaluated our contracts and properly assessed the impact of the new lease accounting standard on our financial statements in connection with the adoption of ASU 2016-02 on January 1, 2019. We also implemented controls to support the new lease system and accounting under this ASU to monitor and maintain appropriate internal control over financial reporting.
Thereconclude that there have been no changes in our internal control over financial reporting, as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f), during the most recent fiscal quarter that have materially affected, or that are reasonably likely to materially affect our internal controls over financial reporting. We have not experienced any material impact to our internal controls over financial reporting despite the fact that a significant number of our employees have transitioned to a hybrid work environment. We continue to monitor and assess impacts of hybrid work on our control environment and control activities in order to minimize the impact on the design and operating effectiveness of our controls.
We have implemented a new e-commerce order management system in North America. In connection with this implementation and resulting business process changes, we did not make any material changes to the design and operation of our internal controls over financial reporting.


ITEM 9B.
ITEM 9B. OTHER INFORMATION
On February 26, 2020,May 23, 2023, the Board of Directors of the Company approved and adopted certain amendments (the “Amendments”) to the appointment of Aditya MaheshwariCompany’s Bylaws (the “Bylaws” and, as principal accounting officeramended, the “Amended Bylaws”), which became effective immediately.
The Amendments update various provisions of the Company, effective March 1, 2020. Mr. Maheshwari, age 46, joinedBylaws to require parties proposing a nominee for election of a director to comply with the universal proxy rules recently adopted by the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission. In addition, the Amendments update the Bylaws’ proxy and advance notice provisions, specifically, the notice required thereby, to require, among other things: (i) certain representations with respect to the solicitation intentions of a proposing stockholder; (ii) additional representations regarding the willingness and ability of a proposed nominee to serve on the Board, if elected; and (iii) that advance notice of any nomination or proposal of other business contain all information that would be required to be disclosed in a proxy statement or other filing required to be made in connection with the solicitation of proxies in support of such nominee or proposal pursuant to Regulation 14A of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as well as disclosure of any substantial direct or indirect interests of the proposing stockholder, persons acting in concert with the stockholder and any proposed nominee in the Company, in December 2019 as Senior Vice President, Controller and Chief Accounting Officer, reporting directlyother than by virtue of ownership of Company stock. The Amendments also clarify that a stockholder may not nominate more individuals than there are directors to David Bergman, the Company's Chief Financial Officer (who currently serves as principal financial and principal accounting officer). Mr. Bergman will continue to serve as principal financial officer following Mr. Maheshwari's appointment. Prior to joining the Company, Mr. Maheshwari served as Senior Vice President andbe elected or substitute or replace a proposed
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Chief Accounting Officer of Open Text Corporation from February 2016 through November 2019. Prior to joining OpenText, Mr. Maheshwari was an Audit Partnernominee without compliance with the requirements for nomination in the Technology, Mediabylaws, including compliance with applicable deadlines.
The Amendments also update the title of “chairman” to “chair” and Telecommunications practice at KPMG LLP, Canada until February 2016. Mr. Maheshwari is a Chartered Professional Accountant (Ontario), Certified Public Accountant (Colorado)remove gendered language throughout the Bylaws, make various other conforming and Chartered Accountant (India). Mr. Maheshwari’s annual base salary is $330,000. In connection with his joining the Company, he received a one-time cash bonus payable in two installments. He also participates in the Company’s annual cash incentive plan and received an annual equity award in February 2020 commensurate with awards granted to other senior vice presidentstechnical changes including clarification of the Company.duties of the inspector of elections and the powers of the chair of a stockholder meeting and update provisions relating to virtual meetings to align with changes to the Maryland General Corporation Law statutory language.
The foregoing summary does not purport to be complete and is qualified in its entirety by reference to the full text of the Amended Bylaws, a copy of which is attached hereto as Exhibit 3.03 and incorporated herein by reference.

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ITEM 9C. DISCLOSURE REGARDING FOREIGN JURISDICTIONS THAT PREVENT INSPECTIONS
PART III
Not applicable.

PART III.
ITEM 10.
ITEM 10. DIRECTORS, EXECUTIVE OFFICERS AND CORPORATE GOVERNANCE
The information required by this Item regarding directors is incorporated herein by reference from the 20202023 Proxy Statement, under the headings “NOMINEES FOR ELECTION AT THE ANNUAL MEETING,” “CORPORATE GOVERNANCE AND RELATED MATTERS: Audit Committee”"Election of Directors," "Corporate Governance and “SECTION 16(a) BENEFICIAL OWNERSHIP REPORTING COMPLIANCE.”Related Matters - Board Meetings and Committees." Information required by this Item regarding executive officers is included under “Executive Officers of the Registrant”"Executive Officers" in Part 1 of this Annual Report on Form 10-K.
Code of Ethics
We have a written code of ethics and business conduct in place that applies to all our employees, including our principal executive officer, principal financial officer, and principal accounting officer and controller. A copy of our code of ethics and business conduct is available on our website: https://about.underarmour.com/investor-relations/governance. We are required to disclose any change to, or waiver from, our code of ethics and business policy for our senior financial officers. We intend to use our website as a method of disseminating this disclosure as permitted by applicable SEC rules.


ITEM 11.ITEM 11. INFORMATION ABOUT OUR EXECUTIVE COMPENSATION
The information required by this Item is incorporated by reference herein from the 20202023 Proxy Statement under the headings “CORPORATE GOVERNANCE AND RELATED MATTERS:"Corporate Governance and Related Matters - Compensation of Directors," and “EXECUTIVE COMPENSATION.”"Executive Compensation."


ITEM 12.
ITEM 12. SECURITY OWNERSHIP OF CERTAIN BENEFICIAL OWNERS AND MANAGEMENT AND RELATED STOCKHOLDER MATTERS
The information required by this Item is incorporated by reference herein from the 20202023 Proxy Statement under the heading “SECURITY OWNERSHIP OF MANAGEMENT AND CERTAIN BENEFICIAL OWNERS OF SHARES.” Also refer to Item 5headings "Security Ownership of this Annual Report on Form 10-K, “Market for Registrant’s Common Equity, Related Stockholder MattersManagement and Issuer PurchasesCertain Beneficial Owners of Equity Securities.”Shares" and "Equity Compensation Plan Information."


ITEM 13.
ITEM 13. CERTAIN RELATIONSHIPS AND RELATED TRANSACTIONS, AND DIRECTOR INDEPENDENCE
The information required by this Item is incorporated by reference herein from the 20202023 Proxy Statement under the heading “TRANSACTIONS WITH RELATED PERSONS”"Transactions with Related Persons" and “CORPORATE GOVERNANCE AND RELATED MATTERS—"Corporate Governance and Related Matters - Independence of Directors."


ITEM 14.
ITEM 14. PRINCIPAL ACCOUNTANT FEES AND SERVICES
The information required by this Item is incorporated by reference herein from the 20202023 Proxy Statement under the heading “INDEPENDENT AUDITORS.”
"Independent Auditors."
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PART IV
IV.

ITEM 15.
ITEM 15. EXHIBITS AND FINANCIAL STATEMENT SCHEDULES
a. The following documents are filed as part of this Annual Report on Form 10-K:
1. Financial Statements:
2. Financial Statement Schedule
All other schedules are omitted because they are not applicable or the required information is shown in the consolidated financial statementsConsolidated Financial Statements or notes thereto.

3. Exhibits
The following exhibits are incorporated by reference or filed herewith. References to any Form 10-K of the Company below are to the Annual Report on Form 10-K for the related fiscal year. For example, references to the Company’s 2018 Form 10-K are to the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2018.
Exhibit
No.
 
Amended and Restated Articles of Incorporation (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 3.01 of the Company’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarterly period ending March 31, 2016).Incorporation.
Articles Supplementary setting forth the terms of the Class C Common Stock, dated June 15, 2015 (incorporated by reference to Appendix F to the Preliminary Proxy Statement filed by the Company on June 15, 2015).
Third Amended and Restated By-Laws (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 3.01Bylaws of the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed October 17, 2019, as amended)Under Armour, Inc. (effective May 23, 2023).
Description of the Company’s Securities Registered Pursuant to Section 12 of the Exchange Act.Act (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.01 of the Company's Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2020, filed on February 24, 2021).
Indenture, dated as of June 13, 2016, between the Company and Wilmington Trust, National Association, as trustee (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.1 of the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed on June 13, 2016).
First Supplemental Indenture, dated as of June 13, 2016, relating to the 3.250% Senior Notes due 2026, between the Company and Wilmington Trust, National Association, as trustee, and the Form of 3.250% Senior Notes due 2026 (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.2 of the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed on June 13, 2016).
TermsIndenture, dated as of SettlementMay 27, 2020, relating to the Company’s 1.50% Convertible Senior Notes due 2024, between the Company and Wilmington Trust, National Association, as Trustee and the Form of In re: Under Armour Shareholder Litigation, Case No, 24-C-15-003241.50% Convertible Senior Notes due 2024 (incorporated by reference fromto Exhibit 4.24.1 of the Company's Registration StatementCompany’s Current Report on Form 8-A8-K filed on March 21, 2016)May 28, 2020).
Credit Agreement, dated March 8, 2019, by and among Under Armour, Inc.,the Company, as borrower, JPMorgan Chase Bank, N.A., as administrative agent, PNC Bank, National Association, as syndication agent and the other lenders and arrangers party thereto (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.01 of the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed on March 8, 2019).
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Exhibit
No.
Under Armour, Inc. Executive Incentive PlanAmendment No. 1, dated May 12, 2020, to the Amended and Restated Credit Agreement, dated March 8, 2019, by and among the Company, as borrower, JPMorgan Chase Bank, N.A., as administrative agent, and the other lenders and arrangers party thereto (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.01 of the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed on May 6, 2013)12, 2020).*
Amendment No. 2, dated May 17, 2021, to the Amended and Restated Credit Agreement dated March 8, 2019, by and among the Company, as borrower, JPMorgan Chase Bank, N.A., as administrative agent, and the other lenders and arrangers party thereto (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.01 of the Company's Current Report on Form 8-K filed on May 19, 2021).
Amendment No. 3, dated December 3, 2021, to the Amended and Restated Credit Agreement, dated March 8, 2019, by and among the Company, as borrower, JPMorgan Chase Bank, N.A., as administrative agent, and the other lenders and arrangers party thereto (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.01 of the Company's Current Report on Form 8-K filed on December 8, 2021).
Technical Modification, dated February 24, 2023, to the Amended and Restated Credit Agreement, dated March 8, 2019, by and among the Company, as borrower, JPMorgan Chase Bank, N.A., as administrative agent, and the other lenders and arrangers party thereto.
Form of Capped Call Confirmation (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 of the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed on May 28, 2020).
Form of Accelerated Share Repurchase Agreement (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 of the Company's Current Report on Form 8-K filed on February 25, 2022).
Under Armour, Inc. Amended and Restated Executive Incentive Compensation Plan (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.01 of the Company's Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended June 30, 2022, filed on August 4, 2022).*
Under Armour, Inc. Amended and Restated Deferred Compensation Plan (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.10 of the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2018, Form 10-K)filed on February 22, 2019).*
Form ofUnder Armour, Inc. Executive Change in Control Severance Agreement (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.04 of the Company’s 2016 Form 10-K).Plan.*
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Exhibit
No.
Under Armour, Inc. Executive Severance Program.*
Under Armour, Inc. Third Amended and Restated 2005 Omnibus Long-Term Incentive Plan (the “2005 Plan”) (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.01 of the Company’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended June 30, 2019, filed on August 1, 2019).*
Form of Non-Qualified Stock Option Grant Agreement under the 2005 Plan between the Company and Kevin Plank.Plank (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.06 of the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2019, filed on February 26, 2020).*
Form of Non-Qualified Stock Option Grant Agreement under the 2005 Plan between the Company and Kevin Plank (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.13 of the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2018, Form 10-K)filed on February 22, 2019).*
Form of Annual Restricted Stock Unit Grant Agreement under the 2005 Plan (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.12 of the Company's Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2021, filed on February 23, 2022).*
Form of Annual Restricted Stock Unit Grant Agreement under the 2005 Plan.*
Form of Special Restricted Stock Unit Grant Agreement under the 2005 Plan.*
Form of Performance-Based Restricted Stock Unit Agreement under the 2005 Plan (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.02 of the Company's Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended June 30, 2022, filed on August 4, 2022).*
Form of Special Restricted Stock Unit Grant Agreement under the 2005 Plan (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.13 of the Company's Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2021, filed on February 23, 2022).*
Form of Restricted Stock Unit Grant Agreement under the 2005 Plan.Plan (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.08 of the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2019, filed on February 26, 2020).*
Form of Restricted Stock Unit Grant Agreement under the 2005 Plan (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.14 of the Company's Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2017, Form 10-K)filed on February 28, 2018).*
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10.10
Exhibit
No.
Form of Restricted Stock Unit Grant Agreement under the 2005 Plan (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.07 of the Company’s 2016 Form 10-K).*
Form of Performance-Based Stock Option Grant Agreement under the 2005 Plan between the Company and Kevin Plank (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.18 of the Company’s 2018 Form 10-K).*
Form of Performance-Based Restricted Stock Unit Grant Agreement under the 2005 Plan (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.21 of the Company’s 2018 Form 10-K).*
Form of Performance-Based Stock Option Grant Agreement under the 2005 Plan (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.16 of the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2017, Form 10-K)filed on February 28, 2018).*
Form of Performance-Based Restricted Stock Unit Agreement under the 2005 Plan (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.19 of the Company’s 2017 Form 10-K).*
Form of Employee Confidentiality, Non-Competition and Non-Solicitation Agreement by and between certain executives of the Company (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.11 of the Company’s 2016 Form 10-K).Company.*
Under Armour, Inc. 2019Fiscal 2024 Non-Employee Director Compensation Plan (the “Director Compensation Plan”) (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.01 of the Company's Form 10-Q for the quarterly period ended March 31, 2019).*
Form of Initial Restricted Stock Unit Grant under the Director Compensation Plan (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 of the Company's Current Report on Form 8-K filed on June 6, 2006).*
Form of Annual Restricted Stock Unit Grant under the Director Compensation Plan (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.610.06 of the Company’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarterly periodquarter ended June 30, 2011, filed on August 4, 2011).*
Under Armour, Inc. 2006 Non-Employee Director Deferred Stock Unit Plan (the “Director DSU Plan”) (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.02 of the Company’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarterly periodquarter ended March 31, 2010, filed on May 5, 2010).*
Amendment One to the Director DSU Plan (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.23 of the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2010, Form 10-K)filed on February 24, 2011).*
Amendment Two to the Director DSU Plan (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.02 of the Company’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarterly periodquarter ended June 30, 2016, filed on August 3, 2016).*
Amendment Three to the Director DSU Plan.Plan (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.22 of the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2019, filed on February 26, 2020).*
Employee Confidentiality, Non-Competition and Non-Solicitation Agreement by and between Patrik Frisk and the Company (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.01 of the Company’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarterly periodquarter ended March 31, 2018, filed on May 9, 2018).*
First Amendment to Employee Confidentiality, Non-Competition and Non-Solicitation Agreement, dated June 30, 2021, by and between Paul FippsPatrik Frisk and the Company (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.0210.03 of the Company’sCompany's Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarterly periodquarter ended March 31, 2018)June 30, 2021, filed on August 5, 2021).*
Separation Agreement between the Company and Patrik Frisk dated May 17, 2022, including General Release and Form of Consulting Agreement (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.01 of the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed on May 18, 2022).*
Confidentiality, Non-Competition and Non-Solicitation Agreement, dated June 15, 2015, between the Company and Kevin Plank (the “Plank Non-Compete Agreement”) (incorporated by reference to Appendix E to the Preliminary Proxy Statement filed by Under Armour, Inc. on June 15, 2015).*
First Amendment to the Plank Non-Compete Agreement, dated April 7, 2016 (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.03 of the Company’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarterly periodquarter ended March 31, 2016, filed on April 29, 2016).*
Form of Separation Agreement between the Company and Stephanie Pugliese, including General Release (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.03 of the Company's Quarterly Report of Form 10-Q for the quarter ended September 30, 2022, filed on November 8, 2022).*
Employment Offer Letter (including specific contractual obligations), dated December 14, 2022, by and between Stephanie C. Linnartz and the Company (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.01 of the Company’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended December 31, 2022, filed on February 8, 2023)*
Special Restricted Stock Unit Agreement under the 2005 Plan, dated February 27, 2023, between the Company and Stephanie C. Linnartz.*
List of Subsidiaries.
Consent of PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP.
Section 302 Chief Executive Officer Certification.
Section 302 Chief Financial Officer Certification.
Section 906 Chief Executive Officer Certification.
Section 906 Chief Financial Officer Certification.
101.INSXBRL Instance Document - the instance document does not appear in the Interactive Data File because its XBRL tags are embedded within the Inline XBRL document
101.SCHXBRL Taxonomy Extension Schema Document
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Exhibit
No.
101.CALXBRL Taxonomy Extension Calculation Linkbase Document
101.DEFXBRL Taxonomy Extension Definition Linkbase Document
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Exhibit
No.
101.LABXBRL Taxonomy Extension Label Linkbase Document
101.PREXBRL Taxonomy Extension Presentation Linkbase Document
104Cover Page Interactive Data File (embedded within the Inline XBRL document)
___________
*Management contract or a compensatory plan or arrangement required to be filed as an Exhibit pursuant to Item 15(b) of Form 10-K.

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ITEM 16. FORM 10-K SUMMARY
None.
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SIGNATURES
Pursuant to the requirements of Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized.
UNDER ARMOUR, INC.
By:
/s/ PATRIK FRISK
Patrik FriskSTEPHANIE C. LINNARTZ
Stephanie C. Linnartz
President and Chief Executive Officer and President
Dated: February 26, 2020Date: May 24, 2023
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Act of 1934, this report has been signed below by the following persons on behalf of the registrant and in the capacities and on the date indicated.
/s/ PATRIK FRISK
STEPHANIE C. LINNARTZ
President and Chief Executive Officer President and Director (principal executive officer)
Patrik FriskStephanie C. Linnartz
/s/ DAVIDDAVID E. BBERGMANERGMAN
Chief Financial Officer (principal accounting and financial officer)
David E. Bergman
/s/ KADITYA MAHESHWARI
EVINSenior Vice President and Chief Accounting Officer (principal accounting officer)
Aditya Maheshwari
/s/ KEVIN A. PPLANKLANKExecutive ChairmanChair and Brand Chief
Kevin A. Plank
/s/ GEORGE W. BODENHEIMER
Director
George W. Bodenheimer
/s/ DOUGLASDOUGLAS E. CCOLTHARPOLTHARP
Director
Douglas E. Coltharp
/s/ JERRIJERRI L. DDEVARDEVARD
Director
Jerri L. DeVard
/s/ MOHAMEDMOHAMED A. EEL-ERIANL-ERIAN
Director
Mohamed A. El-Erian
/s/ KCAROLYN N. EVERSON
ARENDirector
Carolyn N. Everson
/s/ DAVID W. KGIBBSATZDirector
David W. Gibbs
/s/ KAREN W. KATZDirector
Karen W. Katz
/s/ A.B. KRONGARD
Director
A.B. KrongardERIC T. OLSON
/s/ ERIC T. OLSON
Director
Eric T. Olson
/s/ HPATRICK W. WHITESELLARVEY L. SANDERS
Director
Harvey L. SandersPatrick W. Whitesell
Dated: February 26, 2020
May 24, 2023
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Schedule II
Valuation and Qualifying Accounts
(In thousands)
Description
Balance at
Beginning
of Year
Charged to
Costs and
Expenses
Write-Offs
Net of
Recoveries
Balance at
End of
Year
Allowance for doubtful accounts
For the year ended December 31, 2019$22,224  $(4,066) $(3,076) $15,082  
For the year ended December 31, 201819,712  23,534  (21,022) 22,224  
For the year ended December 31, 201711,341  9,520  (1,149) 19,712  
Sales returns and allowances
For the year ended December 31, 2019$136,734  $180,124  $(218,206) $98,652  
For the year ended December 31, 2018190,794  247,939  (301,999) 136,734  
For the year ended December 31, 2017121,286  285,474  (215,966) 190,794  
Deferred tax asset valuation allowance
For the year ended December 31, 2019$72,710  $31,926  $(2,639) $101,997  
For the year ended December 31, 201873,544  21,221  (22,055) 72,710  
For the year ended December 31, 201737,969  40,282  (4,707) 73,544  

Description
Balance at
Beginning
of Year
Charged to
Costs and
Expenses
Write-Offs
Net of
Recoveries
Balance at
End of
Year
Allowance for doubtful accounts
For the year ended March 31, 2023$7,113 $5,193 $(1,493)$10,813 
For the three months ended March 31, 2022 (Transition Period)7,128 (36)21 7,113 
For the year ended December 31, 202120,350 (3,821)(9,401)7,128 
For the year ended December 31, 202015,082 10,456 (5,188)20,350 
Sales returns and allowances
For the year ended March 31, 2023$70,136 $(125,816)$125,871 $70,191 
For the three months ended March 31, 2022 (Transition Period)69,070 (23,649)24,715 70,136 
For the year ended December 31, 202194,179 (96,632)71,523 69,070 
For the year ended December 31, 202098,652 (431,253)426,780 94,179 
Deferred tax asset valuation allowance
For the year ended March 31, 2023$350,610 $5,338 $(180,763)$175,185 
For the three months ended March 31, 2022 (Transition Period)318,221 33,743 (1,354)350,610 
For the year ended December 31, 2021388,431 12,605 (82,815)318,221 
For the year ended December 31, 2020101,997 291,887 (5,453)388,431 
9997