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UNITED STATES
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
WASHINGTON, D.C. 20549
FORM 10-K
(Mark One)
    ANNUAL REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934
For the fiscal year ended December 31, 20202021
or
    TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934
For the transition period from         to         
Commission File Number. 001-32876
TRAVEL + LEISURE CO.
(Exact name of Registrant as Specified in Its Charter)
Delaware20-0052541
(State or Other Jurisdiction
of Incorporation or Organization)
(I.R.S. Employer
Identification No.)
6277 Sea Harbor Drive32821
Orlando,Florida(Zip Code)
(Address of Principal Executive Offices)
(407) 626-5200
(Registrant’s telephone number, including area code)

Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:
Title of each ClassTrading SymbolName of each exchange on which registered
Common StockTNLNew York Stock Exchange

Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(g) of the Act:
None
(Title of Class)

Indicate by check mark if the registrant is a well-known seasoned issuer, as defined in Rule 405 of the Securities Act.    Yes      No  
Indicate by check mark if the registrant is not required to file reports pursuant to Section 13 or Section 15(d) of the Act.     Yes      No  
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days.    Yes      No  
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically every Interactive Data File required to be submitted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§ 232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit such files).    Yes      No  
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, a smaller reporting company, or an emerging growth company. See the definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer,” “smaller reporting company,” and “emerging growth company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.
Large accelerated filerAccelerated filer


Non-accelerated filer
Smaller reporting company
Emerging growth company

If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act.  
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has filed a report on and attestation to its management’s assessment of the effectiveness of its internal control over financial reporting under Section 404(b) of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act (15 U.S.C. 7262(b)) by the registered public accounting firm that prepared or issued its audit report.  
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Act).    Yes      No  
The aggregate market value of the registrant’s common stock held by non-affiliates of the registrant as of June 30, 2020,2021, was $2,355,189,546.$5,055,766,540. All executive officers and directors of the registrant have been deemed, solely for the purpose of the foregoing calculation, to be “affiliates” of the registrant.
As of January 31, 2021,2022, the registrant had outstanding 85,931,28485,712,356 shares of common stock.
DOCUMENTS INCORPORATED BY REFERENCE
Portions of our Proxy Statement prepared for our 20212022 Annual Meeting of Shareholders are incorporated by reference into Part III (Items 10, 11, 12, 13 and 14) of this report.



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TABLE OF CONTENTS

  Page
PART I
Item 1.
Item 1A.
Item 1B.
Item 2.
Item 3.
Item 4.
PART II
Item 5.
Item 6.
Item 7.
Item 7A.
Item 8.
Item 9.
Item 9A.
Item 9B.
Item 9C.
PART III
Item 10.
Item 11.
Item 12.
Item 13.
Item 14.
PART IV
Item 15.
Item 16.



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GLOSSARY OF TERMS
The following terms and acronyms appear in the text of this report and have the definitions indicated below:

Adjusted EBITDA    A non-GAAP measure, defined by the Company as Net incomeincome/(loss) from continuing operations before Depreciation and amortization, Interest expense (excluding Consumer financing interest), early extinguishment of debt, Interest income (excluding Consumer financing revenues) and income taxes. Adjusted EBITDA also excludes stock-based compensation costs, separation and restructuring costs, legacy items, transaction costs for acquisitions and divestitures, impairments, gains and losses on sale/disposition of business, and items that meet the conditions of unusual and/or infrequent. Legacy items include the resolution of and adjustments to certain contingent assets and liabilities related to acquisitions of continuing businesses and dispositions, including the separation of Wyndham Hotels and Cendant, and the sale of the vacation rentals businesses.
AOCL    Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss
ARDA    American Resort Development Association
ARN    Alliance Reservations Network
ARPA    American Rescue Plan Act of 2021
AUD    Australian Dollar
Awaze    Awaze Limited, formerly Compass IV Limited, an affiliate of Platinum Equity, LLC
Board    Board of Directors
CARES Act    Coronavirus Aid, Relief, and Economic Security Act
CCPA    California Consumer Privacy Act of 2018
Company    Travel + Leisure Co. and its subsidiaries
COVID-19    Novel coronavirus global pandemic
Credit Agreement Amendment    An amendment to the Company’s credit agreement for its revolving credit facility
Distribution    Pro rata distribution of Wyndham Hotels’Hotels & Resorts, Inc. stock to Travel + Leisure’sWyndham Worldwide Corporation’s shareholders
Distribution Date    May 31, 2018, the date we completed the Spin-off of our hotel business
EPS    Earnings/(loss) Per Share
FASB    Financial Accounting Standards Board
FTC    Federal Trade CommissionFirst Amendment    The first amendment to the Company’s credit agreement governing its revolving credit facility and term loan B entered on July 15, 2020
GAAP    Generally Accepted Accounting Principles in the United States
GDPR    General Data Protection Regulation
IRS    United States Internal Revenue Service
IRS Ruling    A private letter ruling from the IRS regarding certain U.S. federal income tax aspects of transactions related to the Spin-off of Wyndham Hotels & Resorts, Inc.
LIBOR    London Interbank Offered Rate
Meredith    Meredith Corporation
Moody’s    Moody’s Investors Service, Inc.
NQ    Non-Qualified stock options
NYSE    New York Stock Exchange
NZD    New Zealand Dollar
PCAOB    Public Company Accounting Oversight Board
PSU    Performance-vested restrictedRestricted Stock Units
Relief Period    Relief period of the Credit AgreementFirst Amendment, spanning from July 15, 2020 through April 1, 2022, or upon earlier termination by the Company
RSU    Restricted Stock Unit
S&P    Standard & Poor’s Rating Services
SEC    Securities and Exchange Commission
Second Amendment    The renewal of the Company’s credit agreement governing its revolving credit facility and term loan B entered on October 22, 2021
SOFR    Secured Overnight Financing Rate
SPE    Special Purpose Entity
SpinCo Assets    The assets that have been retained by or transferred to Wyndham Hotels & Resorts, Inc.
SpinCo Liabilities    The liabilities that have been retained by or transferred to Wyndham Hotels & Resorts, Inc.
Spin-off    Spin-off of Wyndham Hotels & Resorts, Inc.
SSAR    Stock-Settled Appreciation Rights
Travel + Leisure Co.    Travel + Leisure Co. and its subsidiaries
U.S. tax reform    Tax Cuts and Jobs Act
Vacasa    Vacasa LLC
VIE    Variable Interest Entity
VOCR    Vacation Ownership Contract Receivable
VOI     Vacation Ownership Interest
VPG    Volume Per Guest
Wyndham Hotels    Wyndham Hotels & Resorts, Inc.
Wyndham Worldwide    Wyndham Worldwide Corporation


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PART I

Forward Looking Statements
This report includes “forward-looking statements” as that term is defined by the Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”). Forward-looking statements are any statements other than statements of historical fact, including statements regarding our expectations, beliefs, hopes, intentions or strategies regarding the future. In some cases, forward-looking statements can be identified by the use of words such as “may,” “will,” “expects,” “should,” “believes,” “plans,” “anticipates,” “estimates,” “predicts,” “potential,” “continue,” “future” or other words of similar meaning. Forward-looking statements are subject to risks and uncertainties that could cause actual results of Travel + Leisure Co. and its subsidiaries (“Travel + Leisure”Leisure Co.” or “we”) to differ materially from those discussed in, or implied by, the forward-looking statements. Factors that might cause such a difference include, but are not limited to, risks associated withwith: the acquisition of the Travel + Leisure brand and allthe future prospects and plans for Travel + Leisure Co., including our ability to execute our strategies to grow our cornerstone timeshare and exchange businesses and expand into the broader leisure travel industry through new business extensions; our ability to compete in the highly competitive timeshare and leisure travel industries; uncertainties related assets from Meredith Corporation, including unanticipated costs and/or delays, unfavorable reaction by customers, partners, employees, or suppliers, future revenues being lower than expected, failure or inability to implement growth or expansion strategies in a timely manner or at all; localacquisitions, dispositions and global political and economic conditions; uncertainty with respect toother strategic transactions; the scope and durationhealth of the novel coronavirus global pandemic (“COVID-19”)travel industry and any resurgencesdeclines or disruptions caused by adverse economic conditions and the paceunemployment rates, terrorism or acts of recovery; the timing of the distribution of an effective vaccinegun violence, political strife, war, pandemics, and severe weather events and other natural disasters; adverse changes in consumer travel and vacation patterns, consumer preferences and demand for our products; increased or treatment for COVID-19;the potential impact of the COVID-19 pandemicunanticipated operating costs and governmental,other inherent business and individuals’ actions in response to the pandemic and our related contingency plans and cost and investment reductions on our business, vacation ownership interest sales and tour flow, consumer demand and liquidity,risks; our ability to comply with financial and restrictive covenants under our indebtedness and our ability to access capital markets on reasonable terms, at a reasonable cost or at all,all; maintaining the integrity of internal or customer data and protecting our abilitysystems from cyber-attacks; uncertainty with respect to the scope, impact and the ability of Wyndham Hotels & Resorts, Inc. (“Wyndham Hotels”) to maintain credit ratings, general economic conditions and unemployment rates, the performanceduration of the financialnovel coronavirus global pandemic (“COVID-19”), including resurgences, the pace of recovery, distribution and credit markets, the competitionadoption of vaccines and treatments, and actions in and the economic environment for the timeshare industry; risks associated with employees working remotely or operating with a reduced workforce; the impact of war, terrorist activity, political strife, severe weather events and other natural disasters, and pandemics (including COVID-19) or threats of pandemics; operating risks associated with the Vacation Ownership (formerly Wyndham Vacation Clubs) and Travel and Membership (formerly Vacation Exchange or Panorama) segments; uncertainties related to our ability to realize the anticipated benefits of the spin-off of the hotel business (“Spin-off”) Wyndham Hotels or the divestiture of our North American and European vacation rentals businesses or the acquisition of Alliance Reservations Network (“ARN”); unanticipated developments relatedresponse to the impact of the Spin-off, the divestiture of our North Americanevolving pandemic by governments, businesses and European vacation rentals businesses, the acquisition of ARN and related transactions, including any potential impact on our relationships with our customers, suppliers, employees and others with whom we have relationships, and possible disruption to our operations; our ability to execute on our strategy;individuals; the timing and amount of future dividends and share repurchases, if any,any; and those other factors disclosed as risks under “Risk Factors” in documents we have filed with the SEC, including in Part I, Item 1A of this report. We caution readers that any such statements are based on currently available operational, financial and competitive information, and they should not place undue reliance on these forward-looking statements, which reflect management’s opinion only as of the date on which they were made. Except as required by law, we undertake no obligation to review or update these forward-looking statements to reflect events or circumstances as they occur.

Where You Can Find More Information
 
We file annual, quarterly and current reports, proxy statements, reports filed or furnished pursuant to Section 13(a) or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, (“Exchange Act”), and other information with the SEC. Our SEC filings are available free of charge to the public over the Internet at the SEC’s website at http://www.sec.gov. Our SEC filings are also available on our website at http://www.travelandleisureco.com as soon as reasonably practicable after they are filed with or furnished to the SEC.

 
We maintain an internet site at http://www.travelandleisureco.com. Our website and the information contained on or connected to that site are not incorporated into this Annual Report.

ITEM 1.     BUSINESS
Company Overview
On January 5, 2021, Wyndham Destinations, Inc. acquired the Travel + Leisure brand from Meredith Corporation (“Meredith”) and subsequently changed its name to Travel + Leisure Co. on February 17, 2021. Travel + Leisure Co. is the world’s leading membership and leisure travel company.company, with nearly 20 travel brands across our resort, travel club, and lifestyle portfolio. We provide vacation experiences and travel inspiration to millions of owners, members, and members every yearsubscribers through our products and services. We have two financial reporting segments: Vacation Ownership, which includesTravel + Leisure Co. has the following business lines:

Wyndham Destinations, the world’s largest vacation ownership businesscompany with 247more than 245 vacation club resort locations across the globe;globe operating under the following brands: Club Wyndham, WorldMark by Wyndham, Shell Vacations Club, Margaritaville Vacation Club by Wyndham, and Travel and Membership,Presidential Reserve by Wyndham.
Panorama, the world’s foremost membership travel business whichthat includes the largest vacation exchange company, industry-leadingRCI, and Panorama Travel Solutions, which operates business-to-business (“B2B”) travel technology,membership programs. The following brands operate under the Panorama business line: RCI, Panorama Travel Solutions, Alliance Reservations Network (“ARN”), 7Across, The Registry Collection, and subscription travel brands. At Love Home Swap.
Travel + Leisure Co.Group, our global team of associates brings hospitality to millions, turning vacation inspiration into exceptionalwhich offers travel experiences. We put the world on vacation.services featuring top travel content and expertise, including Travel + Leisure Club, Travel + Leisure GO, and Extra Holidays.
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COVID-19 Pandemic
The results of operations for 2020 include impacts related to the novel coronavirus global pandemic (“COVID-19”), which have been significantly negative for the travel industry, our company, our customers, and our employees. In response to COVID-19, our Vacation Ownership segment temporarily closed its resorts in mid-March 2020 across the globe and suspended its sales and marketing operations. In our Travel and Membership segment, affiliate resort closures and regional travel restrictions contributed to decreased bookings and increased cancellations. As a result, we significantly reduced our workforce and furloughed thousands of associates. As of December 31, 2020, we have reopened 81% of our resorts (92% as of the date of this filing) and reopened 86% of our sales offices (92% as of the date of this filing). Throughout 2020, many of our associates returned to work as locations reopened; however, we exited the year with approximately 5,300 associates either laid off or furloughed. Our reopening plans were negatively impacted in the fourth quarter of 2020 by government shutdowns in California and Hawaii. We estimate that the remaining suspended operations will resume in early 2021.

During the year we have taken significant actions to maximize cash flow. In the first half of the year, we took actions that would have reduced our annualized 2020 operating cost base by approximately $225 million with $60 million of permanent general and administrative cost reductions. Savings related primarily to the impact of staff reductions/furloughs, travel and expense, and a reduction in third party vendor/consulting spend. Since this time 51% of our furloughed employees have returned to work. We reviewed inventory and capital expenditure requirements and reduced both by a combined $133 million for the 2020 fiscal year. Share repurchase activity has also been suspended since March 2020.

As a precautionary measure to enhance liquidity, we drew down our $1.0 billion revolving credit facility at the end of the first quarter, and subsequently issued $650 million senior secured notes, with a portion of these proceeds used to pay down borrowings under our revolving credit facility. We also amended our revolving credit facility and term loan B, which provides flexibility during the relief period spanning from July 15, 2020 through April 1, 2022. See Note 16—Debt to the Consolidated Financial Statements included in Part II, Item 8 of this Annual Report on Form 10-K for additional details.

Given these major events, our revenues were negatively impacted and we incurred $385 million of charges related to COVID-19 during 2020, which are discussed in further detail in Note 26—COVID-19 Related Items to the Consolidated Financial Statements included in Part II, Item 8 of this Annual Report on Form 10-K.

Continuing Operations
We have three branded business lines, Wyndham Destinations, Panorama, and Travel + Leisure Group. These business lines operate independently and each umbrella business line includes multiple brands. Wyndham Destinations is included in the Vacation Ownership (formerly Wyndham Vacation Clubs) reporting segment; Panorama and Travel + Leisure Group are included in the Travel and Membership (formerly Vacation Exchange or Panorama) reporting segment.
Vacation Ownership (comprised of Wyndham Destinations), is the world’s largest timeshare ownership business with 247 resorts and 867,000 owners. We develop, market, and sell vacation ownership interests (“VOIs”) to individual consumers, provide consumer financing in connection with the sale of VOIs, and provide property management services at resorts.
Travel and Membership (comprised of Panorama and Travel + Leisure Group), operates a variety of travel businesses, including three vacation exchange brands, a home exchange network, travel technology platforms, travel memberships, and direct-to-consumer rentals. Our RCI vacation exchange business is the world’s largest and has 3.7 million members and relationships with 4,200 vacation ownership resorts located in approximately 110 countries and territories. These businesses are primarily Fee-for-Service, selling third-party inventory that provides stable revenue streams and produces strong cash flow.

Our business segments generate a diversified revenue stream and significant cash flow. Prior to the impacts of COVID-19, we generated 46% of our revenues from the sale of VOIs, and 40% of our revenues from our Fee-for-Service businesses. This split was 23% and 53% in 2020 as a result of COVID-19. We derive our fee revenues principally from (i) providing property management services to vacation ownership resorts, (ii) providing vacation exchange services, and (iii) providing services under our Fee-for-Service model in our timeshare business.

Our businesses have both domestic and international operations. During 2020, we derived 88% of our revenues in the U.S. and 12% internationally. For further details on our segment revenues, profits, assets and geographical operations, see Note 24—Segment Information to the Consolidated Financial Statements included in Part II, Item 8 of this Annual Report on Form 10-K.

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Business Strategy
Our Travel + Leisure strategic pillars serve to clarify our top priorities in order to enhance shareholder value and return capital to our shareholders through dividends and share repurchases. The four strategic pillars of 1. Customer Obsession, 2. Best-in-Class Sales & Marketing, 3. Leading Brands & Product Innovation, and 4. Operating Excellence, affirm our mindset that customers must dominate our focus, while also reflecting our relentless drive for superior sales and marketing, exceptional brands and products, as well as our commitment to operate all areas of the business with excellence.
Our execution of this strategy is firmly anchored by our culture - the foundation comprised of the shared values, competencies, and spirit of our global team. Aligned with our mission to put the world on vacation, our values are the HEART of Travel + Leisure: Hospitality, Engagement, Accountability, Respect, and Teamwork. We recognize and appreciate our ability to positively impact the lives of our customers, associates, and the communities in which we operate. Travel + Leisure thrives upon the commitment of our 15,500 associates, and we foster a culture that unlocks our full potential for success as a company, and as individual and team contributors.

1.Customer Obsession
Far beyond a hospitality initiative,Customer Obsessionis our global credo that the Travel + Leisure team puts affiliates, owners, members, and guests first in all areas of our business. Three straightforward guidelines support this focus and underscore our commitment to excellence in customer service:
Make It Easy – we eliminate pain points across the customer lifecycle. Aligned with our goal to put our owners, members, and guests on vacation, we are enhancing technology to make it easier to search and book reservations. The alignment of our team, systems, and operations enables us to deliver better customer experiences.
Know Our Customers – we use rich customer data to customize engagement. Our investment in integrated Customer Relationship Management (“CRM”) throughout the customer lifecycle enables us to understand customer preferences, personalize engagement, and optimize sales, marketing, service and vacation experiences.
Customer, Customer, Customer – we consider the customer experience in every decision. We rely upon customer metrics from Net Promoter Score and Owner Engagement data across the business, and leverage surveys and customer feedback to remain responsive and relevant.

2.Best-in-Class Sales & Marketing
We focus on fueling the continued growth of Travel + Leisure. We will remain globally relevant to travelers by staying committed to innovation and continuing to build and strengthen relationships with our customers. Four core elements define our goals and align with our pledge to treat all customers with respect and integrity:
Blue Thread – we drive revenue through our connection to Wyndham Hotels & Resorts, Inc. (“Wyndham Hotels”) and Wyndham Rewards loyalty program customers. The demographics of this significant consumer group are strongly aligned to our owner demographics, enabling us to grow call transfer, cross sell, and onsite marketing to fill our sales pipeline and deliver new vacation experiences to Wyndham loyalists.
Digital & Customer Relationship Marketing– we bring timeshare to the next generation. We will optimize technology to be relevant and compelling to meet our customers’ expectations, driving retention through Search Engine Marketing and social channels.
Partnership Pipeline– we leverage the expertise of strategic partners to accelerate our growth and deliver enhanced benefits to our owners and members. We will strengthen and extend existing relationships, while developing new partners to reach untapped segments.
Sales Experience– we invest in the fundamentals as we re-imagine sales centers and processes with the customer experience in mind. These bold transformations modernize and revitalize the customer experience and drive engagement through a single view of the customer.

3.Leading Brands & Product Innovation
We create a simple yet powerful narrative of who we are and what we sell supported by the launch of Travel + Leisure, and the ongoing rebranding of Wyndham Destinations’ brands including Club Wyndham and WorldMark by Wyndham, and the refreshed branding of RCI, 7Across, and Love Home Swap. Three core elements define this strategy:
Brand Transformation– we strive to create brand fanatics through strong positioning and differentiation. With a clear value proposition for each of our brands, we remain relevant, and grow affinity and awareness among our diverse
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owners, members, and prospects.
Network Expansion – we grow our portfolio of resorts and brands, to meet the needs of our customers. We prioritize geographies that will create new leads around the world, and add depth in existing markets.
Product Innovation – we are investing in brands and technology that will help us launch new products and services which target different demographics from our traditional timeshare demographic. We are launching products and services which appeal to younger demographics seeking increased flexibility with their travel options. Examples include, shorter-term products as well as travel clubs.
Panorama Growth– we leverage our strengths to expand the business into the broader travel market aligned with our strategy to become a leading travel membership provider. We are enhancing the membership experience, and developing new offerings with wide appeal to broaden our demographic reach and grow market share.

4.Operating Excellence
Operating Excellence is the business engine that enables our delivery of great vacations and optimal performance through aligned operations. Two core elements drive this strategy:

Resort Operating Excellence – we deliver great vacation experiences to our owners, members, and guests. The strategic deployment of capital and reserves to maintain top quality resorts, combined with our optimal use of inventory, drives this cycle of excellence.
Prioritization – we operate with discipline as an integrated company. Our alignment around prioritized work and our management of general, administrative, and overhead expenses relative to revenue growth fuels efficiency and effectiveness.

In summary, we believe that the successful execution of our business strategy will allow us to increase cash flows and profitability, creating more value for our shareholders.

History and Development
Our corporate history can be traced back to the formation of Hospitality Franchise Systems (“HFS”) in 1990. HFS initially began as a hotel franchisor that later expanded to include the addition of the vacation exchange business. In December 1997, HFS merged with CUC International, Inc. to form Cendant Corporation, which then expanded further through the addition of vacation rentals and vacation ownership businesses. On July 31, 2006, Cendant distributed all of the shares of its subsidiary, Wyndham Worldwide Corporation (“Wyndham Worldwide”), to the holders of Cendant common stock. On August 1, 2006, we commenced “regular way” trading on the New York Stock Exchange (“NYSE”) under the symbol “WYN”.WYN.

On May 31, 2018, (the “Distribution Date”), we established Wyndham Destinations, Inc. and completed the spin-off of our hotel business (“Spin-off”) into a separate publicly traded company, Wyndham Hotels.Hotels & Resorts, Inc. (“Wyndham Hotels”). This transaction was effected through a pro rata distribution of the new hotel entity’s stock to shareholders at the time of Wyndham Worldwide (the “Distribution”). In connection with the Spin-off, we entered into certain agreements with Wyndham HotelsHotels. See “Key Agreements Related to implement the legal and structural separation, govern the relationship between our company and Wyndham Hotels up to and after the completion of the separation, and allocate various assets, liabilities and obligations, including, among other things, employee benefits, intellectual property, and tax-related assets and liabilities between us and Wyndham Hotels.Spin-Off” for more information. The two public companies have also entered into long-term exclusive license agreements to retain their affiliations with one of the industry’s top-rated loyalty programs, Wyndham Rewards, as well as to continue to collaborate on inventory-sharing and customer cross-selling initiatives.

RCI, our vacation exchange business, was established in 1974. Our vacation ownership brands began operations in 1978 with Shell Vacations Club, followed by Wyndham Vacation Resorts (formerly known as Fairfield Resorts) in 1978, and WorldMark by Wyndham (formerly known as Trendwest Resorts) in 1989.

As noted above under Company Overview, onOn January 5, 2021, we acquired the Travel + Leisure brand and all related assets from Meredith. The aggregate purchase price was $100 million, comprised of $35 million in cash paid at closing, with trailing payments through June 2024. The acquisition included Travel + Leisure’s travel clubs and their nearly 60,000 members.Meredith Corporation (“Meredith”). The acquisition created a strategic alliance between Travel + Leisure Co. and Meredith, with Meredith continuing to operate and monetize Travel + Leisure’sLeisure branded multi-platform media assets across multiple channels under a 30-year royalty-free, renewable licensing relationship. We also agreed to a five-year marketing commitment across Meredith’s portfolio of brands. In connection with this acquisition, on February 17, 2021, Wyndham Destinations, Inc. was renamed Travel + Leisure Co. and will continuecontinues to trade on the NYSE under the new ticker symbol TNL.
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See Note 5—Table of ContentsAcquisitions to the Consolidated Financial Statements for more information.

Business Strategy
We are primarily focused on leisure travel and our mission is to “Put the World on Vacation.” Travel + Leisure Co. has been a leader in the travel membership business for over 50 years. Our portfolio of well-known hospitality brands was assembled over the past 31 years. The followingstrategy is a timeline of someto accelerate growth of our acquisitions:
YearAcquisition
1996Resort Condominiums International (RCI)
2001Wyndham Vacation Resorts
2002WorldMark by Wyndham
Equivest
2012Shell Vacations Club
2017Love Home Swap
7Across, formerly DAE Global Pty Ltd
2019Alliance Reservations Network
2021Travel + Leisure
global businesses by broadening the strength of our cornerstone timeshare and exchange businesses and creating depth of leisure travel products and services through our business extensions, Panorama Travel Solutions and the Travel + Leisure Group.

BUSINESS DESCRIPTIONS
TheWe report results of operations for our three umbrella business lines in the following is a descriptionfinancial reporting segments, which are described in more detail below:
Vacation Ownership, comprised of Wyndham Destinations.
Travel and Membership, comprised of Panorama and the Travel + Leisure Group.

Our business segments generate diversified revenue streams and significant cash flow. Prior to COVID-19, we generated 46% of our two reporting segments, Vacation Ownershiprevenues from the sale of vacation ownership interests, and Travel40% of our revenues from our Fee-for-Service businesses. This split was 23% and Membership,53% in 2020 as a result of COVID-19, partially recovering to 38% and 48% in 2021.

Our businesses have both domestic and international operations. During 2021, we derived 88% of our revenues in the industries in which they compete.United States (“U.S.”) and 12% internationally. For further details on our segment revenues, profits, assets and geographical operations, see Note 24—Segment Information to the Consolidated Financial Statements.

VACATION OWNERSHIP
Industry
The vacation ownership industry, also referred to as the timeshare industry, enables consumers to share ownership of a fully-furnished vacation accommodation.accommodations. Typically, the consumer purchases either a title to a fraction of a unit through a points-based system or a right to use a property for a specific period of time.time through a weekly interval system. This is referred to as a vacation ownership interest. VOIs are generally sold through weekly interval or points-based systems. Under a weekly interval system, owners can use a specific unit at a specific resort often during a specific week of the year.interest (“VOI”). Under a points-based system, owners often have advance reservation rights for a particular destination, butand are free to redeem their points for various unit types and/or locations. In addition, points-owners can vary the length and frequency of product utilization. Once point values are established for particular units, they generally cannot be changed. For many purchasers,

According to a 2021 report issued by the American Resort Development Association, domestic vacation ownership is an attractive alternative to traditional lodging accommodations at hotels. In addition to avoiding variabilitysales were $4.9 billion during 2020. The pandemic impacted key industry performance measures in room rates, timeshare owners also enjoy accommodations that are, on average,2020 and industry sales decreased for
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the first time in more than twice the sizea decade. In 2019, domestic vacation ownership interest sales were $10.5 billion and typically have more features than traditional hotel rooms, such as kitchens, separate living areas, and in-unit laundry.in 2018, industry sales were $10.2 billion.

Typically, developers sell VOIs for a fixed purchase price that is paid in full at closing or financed through developer-offered financing options. Vacation ownership resorts are often operated by a property owners’ association of which the VOI owners are members. Most property owners’ associations are governed by a board of directors that includes owners and which may include representatives of the developer. The board of the property owners’ association typically delegates much of the responsibility for managing the resort to a management company, which is often affiliated with the developer.

After the initial purchase, most vacation ownership programs require the owner to pay an annual maintenance fee. This fee represents the owner’s allocable share of the costs and expenses of operating and maintaining the vacation ownership property and providing program services. This fee typically covers expenses such as housekeeping, landscaping, taxes, insurance, resort labor, a management fee payable to the management company, and an assessment to fund a reserve account used to renovate, refurbish and replace furnishings, appliances, common areas and other assets, such as structural elements and equipment, as needed over time. Owners typically reserve their usage of vacation accommodations in advance through a reservation system. These reservation systems are often provided by the management company or an affiliated entity.

Market awareness and acceptance of vacation ownership products has grown with the entrance into the market of well-known lodging and entertainment brands such as Wyndham, Marriott, Hilton, and Disney. Additionally, the industry’s growth can also be attributed to stronger consumer protection laws and the evolution from primarily weekly intervals systems to points-based systems. According to the American Resort Development Association (“ARDA”), a trade association representing the vacation ownership and resort development industries, industry-wide sales were divided 80.9% for points-based systems and 19.1% for weekly intervals in 2019.

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Based on published industry data, owners express the following primary reasons owners have expressed for buying and continuing to own their timeshare are as follows:timeshare:
saving money on future vacation costs;
location of resorts;
overall flexibility by allowing them the ability to use different locations, unit types, and times of year;
certainty of vacations; and
certainty of quality accommodations.

According to a 2020 report issued by ARDA, domestic vacation ownership sales were $10.5 billion in 2019, compared to $10.2 billion in 2018. Demographic factors explain, in part, the continued appeal of vacation ownership. A 2018 study of recent U.S. vacation ownership purchasers indicated that the average timeshare owner is 44 years old and has an average annual household income of $86,000. More than half of the respondents indicated they plan to buy or upgrade a timeshare over the next two years. This, along with other industry data, suggests that the typical purchaser in the U.S. has disposable income and is interested in purchasing vacation products. The data also suggests that millennials’ perception of the industry and primary reasons for buying their timeshare is similar to the overall population of owners; however, they seek even more flexibility in using and accessing the product. Most owners can exchange their timeshare unit through exchange companies and through the applicable vacation ownership company’s internal network of properties.

Vacation Ownership Overview
Our Vacation Ownership reportingreportable segment is comprised of our Wyndham Destinations branded business line, which is the world’s largest vacation ownership business. We develop and acquire vacation ownership resorts, market and sell VOIs, provide consumer financing for the majority of the sales, and provide property management services to property owners’ associations. As of December 31, 2020,2021, we had 247more than 245 vacation ownership resorts in the U.S., Canada, Mexico, Caribbean, and Asia Pacific that represent over 26,000 individual vacation ownership units and 867,000833,000 owners of VOIs.

Our brands primarily operate points-based vacation ownership systems through which VOIs can be redeemed for vacations that provide owners with flexibility as to resort location, length of stay, number of stays, unit type, and time of year. Our programs allow us to market and sell our vacation ownership products in variable quantities and to offer existing owners “upgrade” sales to supplement their existing VOIs.

AlthoughStrategies
Our goal is to strengthen our leadership position in the vacation ownership industry and generate consistent and long-term value for our shareholders. To achieve this goal, we offer separate brands, weintend to pursue the following strategies:

Optimize the revenue potential of our existing owner base as well as enhance our upgrade pipeline through the addition of new owners. We have integrated substantially all of the business functions, including consumer finance, information technology, staff functions, product development,strong embedded revenue potential through our existing owner base: owners upgrade as vacation needs evolve. We earn interest revenue on our portfolio as well as club and resort management fees. We also seek to enhance our future upgrade pipeline through sales to new owners. On average, new owners double their initial VOI purchase within six years, resulting in predictable, high-margin future revenue streams.

Maximize our relationship with Wyndham Hotels. We have a long-term, exclusive license agreement and marketing activities.arrangements with Wyndham Hotels, the world’s largest hotel franchiser with approximately 9,000 affiliated hotels located in approximately 95 countries. The Wyndham loyalty program, Wyndham Rewards, has over 92 million enrolled members, many of whom fit our target new-customer demographic, providing us with a substantial customer sourcing opportunity to drive future VOI sales. We plan to increase this sales channel with initiatives such as enhanced call transfers, online marketing, in-hotel marketing, and online rentals of vacation ownership resorts. Volume per guest on affinity marketing tours is higher than other tours, helping to increase margins on new owner sales.

Add leisure or hospitality brands to our existing portfolio. The addition of brands will help us expand in existing markets or extend into new markets. New brands will also help with lead generation for new owner tours.

Maintain a capital-efficient inventory sourcing strategy to produce attractive returns and cash flow. We have a diverse inventory sourcing model, including self-developed inventory, Just-in-Time inventory, Fee-for-Service inventory, consumer
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loan defaults, and inventory reclaimed from owners’ associations or owners that allow us to generate VOI sales. Our capital-efficient inventory sourcing strategy has significantly increased return on invested capital since 2010.

Revenues and Operating Statistics
Our vacation ownership business derives a majority of its revenues from timeshare sales, with the remainder of revenues coming from consumer financing and property management fees.

Performance in our vacation ownership business is measured by the following key operating statistics:
Gross vacation ownership interest sales or VOIs - Sales of VOIs including Fee-for-Service sales, before the effect of loan loss provisions.
Tours - Number of tours taken by guests in our efforts to sell VOIs.
Volume per guest (“VPG”) - Gross VOI sales (excluding tele-sales upgrades, which are non-tour upgrade sales) divided by the number of tours. We have excluded non-tour upgrade sales in the calculation of VPG because non-tour upgrade salesthey are generated by a different marketing channel.
Vacation Ownership Brands
We operate under the following brands under Wyndham Destinations:
Club Wyndham. As one of Wyndham Destinations’ flagship vacation ownership brands, Club Wyndham gives travelers the chance to live their bucket list and seek new adventures along the way. Spacious suites feature fully equipped kitchens, separate living and dining areas, separate bedrooms, and on-site recreation facilities. Club Wyndham lets travelers experience the best of what the world has to offer, with 150 resorts in top destinations across North America, Asia Pacific, and the Caribbean.

WorldMark by Wyndham. WorldMark promises families more time to be together and more time for new traditions and new discoveries at a resort that feels like home. WorldMark suites provide all the amenities families need - including
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fully equipped kitchens, separate living and dining areas, separate bedrooms, and a washer/dryer. WorldMark by Wyndham offers a flexible vacation portfolio, with nearly 100 resorts in a variety of destinations across the U.S., Canada, and Mexico.

Shell Vacations Club. With a 40-year tradition of hospitality and service, Shell Vacations Club members have access to vacation ownership resorts and properties in the heart of culturally rich metropolitan areas, serene mountain communities, and relaxed coastal resort cities. Shell Vacations Club’s 25 condo-style resorts are located throughout the U.S. western seaboard, Canada, and Mexico.

Margaritaville Vacation Club by Wyndham. Inspired by the laid-back, adventurous lifestyle of Jimmy Buffett and the escapism of Margaritaville®. Margaritaville Vacation Club delivers a tropical experience through accommodations with a nautical feel, including fully equipped kitchens with a bar area complete with a Frozen Concoction Maker® and relaxing outdoor seating areas. Margaritaville Vacation Club properties include St. Thomas, U.S. Virgin Islands; Rio Mar, Puerto Rico; and Nashville, Tennessee.

Presidential Reserve by Wyndham. Travelers seeking an enhanced vacation experience distinguished by luxurious suites, upgraded amenities, priority access, and other special benefits will enjoy the first-class experiences provided by Presidential Reserve by Wyndham.

Our multi-brand strategy allows us to deliver a broad range of vacation ownership products, locations, and price points to a wide spectrum of travelers. Likewise, it also allows us to pursue development opportunities in a wide range of destinations, including international and urban markets. Having a diverse brand portfolio means we can select the most appropriate brand and development partners to expand our footprint. We have used this advantage to build the largest global footprint in the timeshare industry, with resorts across North America, Asia, the South Pacific, and Caribbean.
DomesticInternational
ResortsUnitsResortsUnitsTotal ResortsTotal Units
Club Wyndham10113,935491,88715015,822
WorldMark by Wyndham877,07510575977,650
Presidential Reserve by Wyndham1839318393
Shell Vacations Club221,9343292252,226
Margaritaville Vacation Club32133213
Total (including dual-branded resorts)23123,550622,75429326,304
Less: Dual-branded resorts(46)
Total resorts247

Sales and Marketing
We employ a variety of marketing channels to encourage prospective owners of VOIs to tour our properties and attend sales presentations at our resort-based sales centers as well as off-site sales offices. Our resort-based sales centers also enable us to actively solicit upgrade sales to existing owners of VOIs while they vacation at our resorts. We operate a tele-sales program designed to market upgrade sales to existing owners of our products. Sales of VOIs relating to upgradesIn total VOI upgrade sales represented 73%72% and 63%73% of our net VOI sales during 2020in 2021 and 2019.2020.

We use a variety of marketing programs to attract prospective owners, including sponsored contests that offer vacation packages or gifts, targeted mailings, outbound and inbound telemarketing efforts, and in association with Wyndham Hotels brands, other co-branded marketing programs and events. We also partner with Wyndham Hotels by utilizing the Wyndham Rewards loyalty program to offer Wyndham Rewards points as an incentive to prospective VOI purchasers, and by providing additional redemption options to Wyndham Rewards members. We co-sponsor sweepstakes, giveaways and promotional programs with professional teams at major sporting events, and with other third parties at high-traffic consumer events. Where permissible under state law, we offer cash awards or other incentives to existing owners for referrals of new owners.

New owner acquisition is an important strategy for us as this will continue to maintain our pool of “lifetime” buyers of vacation ownership and thus enable us to solicit upgrade sales in the future. We added 12,000 and 36,000 new owners during 2020 and 2019. New owner acquisition in 2020 was negatively impacted by COVID-19 related closures of our resorts and sales centers.

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Our marketing and sales activities are often facilitated through marketing alliances with other travel, hospitality, entertainment, gaming, and retail companies that provide access to such companies’ customers through a variety of co-branded marketing offers. Our resort-based sales centers, which are located in popular travel destinations throughout the U.S., generate substantial tour flow by enabling us to market to tourists already visiting these destinations. Our marketing agents, who often operate on the premises of the hospitality, entertainment, gaming, and retail companies with which we have alliances, solicit tourists with offers relating to entertainment activities and other incentives in exchange for the tourists visiting the local resorts and attending sales presentations.

We offer a variety of entry-level programs and products as part of our sales strategy. For example, we have a program that allows prospective owners a one-time allotment of points or credits with no further obligations, which we refer to as our sampler program, and a biennial product that provides for vacations every other year. As part of our sales strategies, we rely on our points/credits-based programs, which provide prospective owners with the flexibility to buy relatively small packages of points or credits which can then be upgraded at a later date. To facilitate upgrade sales among existing owners, we market opportunities for owners to purchase additional points or credits through periodic marketing campaigns and promotions while those owners vacation at our properties.

PurchaserConsumer Financing
We offer financing to purchasers of VOIs which attracts additional customers and generates substantial incremental revenues and profits. We fund and service loans through our wholly-owned consumer financing subsidiary, Wyndham Consumer Finance. Wyndham Consumer Finance performs loan financing, servicing, and related administrative functions.

We typically perform a credit investigation or other inquiry into everya purchaser’s credit history before offering to finance a portion of the purchase price of the VOI. The interest rate offered to participating purchasers is determined by an automated underwriting process based upon the purchaser’s credit score and the amount of the down payment. We use a consumer credit score, Fair Isaac Corporation (“FICO”), which is a branded version of a consumer credit score widely used within the U.S. by the largest banks and lending institutions. FICO scores range from 300 to 850 and are calculated based on information obtained from one or more of the three major U.S. credit reporting agencies that compile and report on a consumer’s credit history. For purchasers with large loan balances, we maintain higher credit standards for new loan originations. Our weighted average FICO score on new originations was 736 and 735 for 2021 and 727 for 2020 and 2019.2020.

During 2020,2021, we generated $481$780 million of new receivables on $920 million$1.31 billion of gross vacation ownershipVOI sales, net of Fee-for-Service sales, resulting in 52.3%60% of our vacation ownershipVOI sales being financed. This level of financing is prior to the receipt of addenda cash. Addenda cash represents the cash received for full payment of a loan within 15 to 60 days of origination. After the application of addenda cash, we financed 50.9%53% of vacation ownershipVOI sales during 2020.2021.

We generally require a minimum down payment of 10% of the purchase price on all VOI sales of VOIs and offer consumer financing for the remaining balance for up to 10 years. While the minimum down payment is generally 10%, our average down payment on financed VOI sales of VOIs was 24% and 25% for 2021 and 24% for 2020 and 2019.2020. These loans are structured with equal monthly installments that fully amortize the principal by the final due date.

Similar to many other companies that provide consumer financing, we have historically securitized a majority of the receivables originated in connection with the salessale of VOIs. We initially place the financed contracts into a revolving warehouse securitization facility, generally within 30 to 90 days after origination. Many of the receivables are subsequently transferred from the warehouse securitization facility and placed into term securitization facilities.

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Our consumer financing subsidiary is responsible for the maintenance of contract receivables files as well as all customer service, billing, and collection activities related to theour domestic loans we extend.loans. We assess the performance of our loan portfolio by monitoring numerous metrics including collection rates, defaults by state of residency, and bankruptcies. Our consumer financing subsidiary also manages the selection and processing of loans pledged or to be pledged in our warehouse and term securitization facilities. As of December 31, 2020, 95%2021, 96% of our loan portfolio was current (not more than 30 days past due).

Property Management
On behalf of each of the property owners’ associations, we or our affiliates generally provide day-to-day management for vacation ownership resorts, which includes oversight of housekeeping services, maintenance, and refurbishment of the units, and provide certain accounting and administrative services to property owners’ associations. The terms of the property management agreements are generally between three to five years; however, the vast majority of the agreements provide a
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mechanism for automatic renewal upon expiration of the terms. In connection with these property management services, we receive fees which are generally based upon total costs to operate such resorts. Fees for property management services typically approximate 10% of budgeted operating expenses. As the owner of unsold VOIs, we pay maintenance fees in accordance with the legal requirements of the jurisdictions in which the resorts are located. In addition, at certain newly-developed resorts, we sometimesmay enter into subsidy agreements with the property owners’ associations to cover costs that otherwise would be covered by annual maintenance fees payable with respect to VOIs that have not yet been sold.

Inventory Sourcing
We sell inventory sourced primarily through five channels:
self-developed inventory;
Just-in-Time inventory;
Fee-for-Service;
consumer loan defaults; and
inventory reclaimed from owners’ associations or owners.

Self-developed inventory. Under the traditional timeshare industry development model, we develop inventory specifically for our timeshare sales. The process often begins with the purchase of land which we then develop. Depending on the size and complexity of the project, this process can take up to several years, but usually takes less.

Just-in-Time inventory. Our Just-in-Time inventory acquisition model enables us to acquire and own completed units close to the timing of their sale or to acquire completed inventory from a third-party partner based upon a predetermined purchase schedule. This model significantly reduces the period between the deployment of capital to acquire inventory and the subsequent return on investment which occurs at the time of its sale to a timeshare purchaser.

Fee-for-Service. In 2010, we introduced the first of our Fee-for-Service models. This timeshare sourcing model was designed to capitalize upon the large quantities of newly developed, nearly completed, or recently finished condominium or hotel inventory in the real estate market without assuming the risk that accompanies property acquisition or new construction. This business model offers turn-key solutions for developers or banks in possession of newly developed inventory, which we sell for a fee through our extensive sales and marketing channels. Fee-for-Service enables us to expand our resort portfolio with little or no capital deployment, while providing additional channels for new owner acquisition and growth for our Fee-for-Service property management business.

Consumer loan defaults. As discussed in the “Purchaser Financing” section, we offer financing to purchasers of VOIs. In the event of a default, we are able to recover the inventory and resell it at full current value. We are responsible for the payment of maintenance fees to the property owners’ associations until the product is sold. As of December 31, 2020, Inventory on the Consolidated Balance Sheets included estimated inventory recoveries on loan defaults of $246 million.

Inventory reclaimed from owners’ associations or owners. We have entered into agreements with a majority of the property associations representing our developments where we may acquire properties related to owners who have defaulted on their maintenance fees, provided there is no outstanding debt on such properties. In addition, we frequently work with owners to acquire their properties, provided they have no outstanding debt on such properties, prior to those owners defaulting on their maintenance fees. This provides the owner with a graceful exit from a property that is no longer utilized due to lifestyle changes.

Strategies
Our goal is to strengthen our leadership position in the vacation ownership industry and generate consistent and long-term value for our shareholders. To achieve this goal, we intend to pursue the following strategies:

Use our diverse brands to enter new and underpenetrated geographies and broaden our demographic reach. Our unique mix of brands coupled with our large, global footprint provides us with a strategic advantage when adding new inventory in target markets. We expect to use this advantage to grow our customer base by expanding our product offerings in existing markets and entering new, underpenetrated markets.

In our existing markets, we intend to grow our product offerings by adding new brands, either within an existing resort or at a new development. By having multiple brands within a single location, we are able to offer different products at different price points, thereby increasing our addressable market. For example, in Las Vegas, our second and third brands represent over 51%
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of our sales. In Nashville, our ability to offer a lifestyle brand, Margaritaville Vacation Club by Wyndham, resulted in our selection as a partner in a new hotel development in the popular “SoBro” district.

The breadth of our offerings also allows us to enter new markets with the appropriate brand and product mix. For example, in one of our newest timeshare markets, Austin, we offer two products, one targeted to new owners and the other targeted to existing owners, which allows us to appeal to a broader audience of customers. Additionally, we use our brand portfolio, combined with our strong sales and marketing platform, to penetrate non-traditional but attractive timeshare markets such as the Wisconsin Dells, where we are the only major hospitality brand.

Increase new owner sales to drive long-term growth. As part of our strategy, we seek to increase the percentage of our VOI sales from new owners, which will enable us to drive long-term revenue and earnings growth. On average, new owners double their initial VOI purchase within six years, resulting in predictable, high-margin future revenue streams. We plan to leverage our industry-leading sales and marketing platform to attract new owners by expanding our call transfer capabilities, leveraging our relationship with Wyndham Hotels, enhancing our marketing alliances, growing our Community Marketing Presence (“CMP”), and adding resorts in new markets.

Maximize our relationship with Wyndham Hotels. We have a long-term, exclusive license agreement and marketing arrangements with Wyndham Hotels, the world’s largest hotel franchiser, based on number of properties, with 20 iconic brands and more than 8,900 affiliated hotels located in nearly 95 countries. The Wyndham loyalty program, Wyndham Rewards, has earned accolades as the world’s most generous loyalty program, spanning more than 30,000 hotels, vacation club resorts, and vacation rentals globally. For the third consecutive year, in 2020, Wyndham Rewards was recognized as the best hotel loyalty program in the USA Today 10Best Readers’ Choice Awards.

We plan to significantly increase this sales channel with initiatives such as enhanced call transfers, online marketing, in-hotel marketing, and online rentals of vacation ownership resorts. In addition, Wyndham Rewards redemption options into our resorts provide enhanced tour flow opportunities. Cross-marketing to existing guests of Wyndham Hotels and members of Wyndham Rewards has proven to be more efficient than traditional marketing efforts. VPG on affinity marketing tours is higher than other tours, helping to increase margins on new owner sales. We believe further developing this affinity relationship, which currently represents only a small portion of VOI sales, offers a significant new owner growth opportunity that is more profitable than other new owner marketing channels.

Wyndham Rewards, with over 86 million enrolled members, many of whom fit our target new customer demographic, provides us with a substantial customer sourcing opportunity to drive future VOI sales.

Maintain a capital-efficient inventory sourcing strategy to produce attractive returns and cash flow. Vacation Ownership pioneered capital-efficient inventory sourcing in 2010. We have a diverse inventory sourcing model, including self-developed inventory, Just-in-Time inventory, Fee-for-Service inventory, and buyback programs that allow us to generate VOI sales. Our capital-efficient inventory sourcing strategy has significantly increased return on invested capital since 2010.

The scale and breadth of our brand and product offerings give us unparalleled access to inventory sources, including innovative capital-efficient opportunities, which gives us the ability to select the most attractive development options.

Seasonality
We rely, in part, upon tour flow to generate sales of VOIs; consequently, sales volume tends to increase in the spring and summer months as a result of greater tour flow from spring and summer travelers. Therefore,travelers, generally resulting in higher revenue from sales of VOIs are generally higher in the third quarter than in other quarters. Our seasonality has been and could continue to be impacted by COVID-19.

Competition
Our vacation ownership business principally competes with short-term vacation options such as lodging, cruise and home and apartment sharing services, as well as other timeshare developers for sales of VOIsdevelopers. The leisure travel industry is large and highly competitive. We compete based principally on lifetime value, location, convenience, quality of accommodations, price, service levels, amenities, and amenities, financing terms, qualityflexibility. In order to compete, we incent potential new owners and existing owners to tour with us in order to better understand our products and services.

The vacation ownership industry has consolidated over the last 15 years leaving multiple well-capitalized, branded companies including: Marriott Vacations Worldwide, Hilton Grand Vacations, Disney Vacation Club, Holiday Inn Club Vacations, and Bluegreen Vacations. As an industry, we largely source potential new owner tours from different marketing channels, but there is overlap when consumers are members of service, terms of property use, reservation systems, flexibility for membersmore than one loyalty program and/or travel to exchange into time at other timeshare properties or other travel rewards, including access to hotel loyalty programs, as well as brand name recognition and reputation.more than one resort within a market. We also compete for property acquisitions and partnerships with entities that have similar investment objectives as we do.objectives. There is also significant competition for talent at all levels within the industry, in particular for sales and management. Competitors range from small, independent vacation ownership companies, to large branded hospitality companies, all operating vacation ownership businesses involved in the development, finance, and operation of timeshare properties. Our primary competitors in the
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timeshare space include Marriott Vacations Worldwide, Hilton Grand Vacations, Disney Vacation Club, Holiday Inn Club Vacations, Bluegreen Vacations, and Diamond Resorts International.
In addition, our timeshare business competes with other entities engaged in the leisure and vacation industry, including resorts, hotels, cruises and other accommodation alternatives, such as condominium and single-family home rentals. We also compete with home and apartment sharing services (such as Airbnb and VRBO) that operate websites that market privately owned residential properties that can be rented on a nightly, weekly or monthly basis. In certain markets, we compete with established independent timeshare operators, and it is possible that other potential competitors may develop properties near our current resort locations. In addition, we face competition from other timeshare management companies in the management of resorts on behalf of owners on the basis of quality, cost, types of services offered and relationship.
The timeshare industry has experienced significant consolidation over the last fifteen years, which may increase competition. Additionally, competition in the vacation ownership industry may increase as private competitors become publicly traded companies or existing publicly traded competitors spin-off their vacation ownership operations, increasing the number of competitors in a highly fragmented industry.
For example, in September 2018, Marriott Vacations Worldwide acquired Interval Leisure Group, Inc., which operates the Interval International exchange program. Prior to that acquisition, Interval Leisure Group, Inc. had acquired Hyatt Residence Club in October 2014 and the timeshare operations of Starwood Hotels & Resorts Worldwide, Inc. in May 2016 (which includes the use of Westin and Sheraton brands for timeshare purposes), known as Vistana Signature Experiences, Inc. Diamond Resorts International, Inc. completed the acquisition of the timeshare business of Gold Key Resorts in October 2015 and the timeshare business of Intrawest Resort Club Group in January 2016. Most recently, in January 2021, Marriott Vacations Worldwide announced an agreement to acquire Welk Resorts.
In January 2017, Hilton Worldwide Holdings Inc. completed the spin-off of its vacation ownership operations and Hilton Grand Vacations Inc. is now a separate publicly traded company. In November 2017, Bluegreen Vacations Corporation completed an initial public offering that resulted in approximately 10% of its stock being held by the public. Competitors that are publicly traded companies may benefit from a lower cost of, and greater access to, capital, as well as more focused management attention.
Consolidation may create competitors that enjoy significant advantages resulting from, among other things, a lower cost of, and greater access to, capital and enhanced operating efficiencies.
We generally do not face competition in our consumer financing business to finance sales of our VOIs.VOI sales. We do face competition from financial institutions providing other forms of consumer credit, which may lead to full or partial prepayment of our timeshare financing receivables.

TRAVEL AND MEMBERSHIP
Industry
A large segment of worldwide leisure travel is delivered through non-traditional channels that provide broader options and flexibility, including vacation exchange and travel memberships. These non-traditional accommodations provide leisure travelers with flexibility and access to a wide variety of accommodation options that include membership platforms, such as timeshare exchange, closed user group, and home exchange.

Travel and membership is a Fee-for-Service industry that offers services and products through several business to business (“B2B”) and business to consumer (“B2C”) channels, including timeshare developers and owners, white-labeled third party travel clubs and also directly to travel club members.

Vacation Exchange. To participate in a vacation exchange, generally a timeshare owner deposits their interval from a resort, or points from their club or resort, into a vacation exchange company’s network thereby receiving the opportunity to use another owner’s interval at a different destination. The vacation exchange company assigns a value to the owner’s deposit based upon a number of factors, including supply and demand for the destination, size of the timeshare unit, dates of the interval, and the amenities at the resort. Vacation exchange companies generally derive revenues by charging fees for facilitating vacation exchanges and through annual membership dues.

Vacation ownership clubs, such as Club Wyndham, WorldMark by Wyndham, Hilton Grand Vacations, and Disney Vacation Club, give members the option to exchange both internally within their collection of resorts, or externally through vacation
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exchange networks such as RCI. Memberships in such clubs have been the largest driver of vacation ownership industry growth over the past several years. This long-term trend has a positive impact on the average number of exchange members, but negatively impacts the number of vacation exchange transactions per member and revenue per member for vacation exchange companies as members exchange more often within their respective clubs.

Travel and Membership Overview

Our Travel and Membership segment is comprised of our branded business lines, Panorama and the Travel + Leisure Group, which operatesoperate a variety of travel businesses, including three vacation ownership exchange brands, travel clubs, direct-to-consumer rentals, and a home exchange network, travel technology platforms, travel memberships and direct-to-consumer rentals.network. These businesses are primarily Fee-for-Service, selling third-party inventory that provides stable revenue streams and produces strong cash flow.

We are an internationally recognized leader in travel, and operate RCI, the world’s largest vacation exchange network based on the number of members and affiliated resorts. Through our collection of vacation exchange brands, we have 3.7 million paid member families. Each year,Annual member retention is high and over the last three years we retain more than 86%have retained on average 84% of the exchange memberships through our RCI, 7Across, and Love Home Swap networks. In the vast majority of cases, we acquire new members when an affiliated timeshare developer pays for the initial term of a membership on behalf of a timeshare owner as part of the vacation ownership purchase process. Generally, this initial membership is for either a one or two year term, after which these new members may choose to
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renew directly with us. We also acquire a small percentage of new members directly from online channels or direct consumer outreach. Members receive periodicals and other communications published by us and, for additional fees, may use the vacation exchange program and other services that provide the ability to protect trading power or points, extend the life of a deposit, and combine two or more deposits for the opportunity to exchange into intervals with higher trading power and book travel services.

Our vacation exchange business has relationships with 4,200 affiliated vacation ownership resorts in approximately 110 countries and territories located in North America, Latin America, the Caribbean, Europe, the Middle East, Africa, and Asia Pacific. We tailor our strategies and operating plans for each region where we have, or seek to develop, a substantial member base.

Travel and Membership offers travel membership solutions on a B2B and B2C basis. These travel clubs provide benefits to members including among others, discounted travel options. Whether on a B2B basis, through Panorama Travel Solutions offers global discount travel membership clubs and custom travel technology solutions to business-to-business affinity partners including large employers, banks and retailers, trade associations and others via their operations in the U.S., Mexico, Asia, and Europe. Our travel technology platforms are powered by Alliance Reservations Network, a Panorama company, which has been operating travel booking technology since 1995. Members are acquired through affinity partnerships where the affinity partner would offer a travel club membership to affiliated groups, usually its customers, members and/or B2C throughemployees.

Following our acquisition of the Travel + Leisure brand, we established the Travel + Leisure Group to offer travelers a suite of products and services that bring the brand to life, including Travel + Leisure Club, a subscription travel club where members can dream, plan, book and go – all in one place. Subscribers have access to preferred pricing on featured itineraries inspired by editorial coverage, personalized concierge service, extra savings on more than a million travel options, and exclusive experiences, along with a complimentary subscription to Travel + Leisure magazine.

Strategies
Our goal is to grow our members are generally charged acornerstone vacation exchange business, optimize cash flow, and broaden our reach into the leisure travel markets to accelerate overall growth for the segment through our business extensions, Panorama Travel Solutions and the Travel + Leisure Group. To achieve this goal, we intend to pursue the following strategies:

Expand and enhance our products and services to increase wallet share, propensity, and retention within our member base. Through the addition of more inventory options for exchange and more travel products and services, Panorama seeks to enhance its core exchange business lines’ growth through greater share of consumers’ travel spend, increased member engagement, and reduced churn.

Offer B2B travel club solutions. We seek to grow our membership feebeyond the timeshare industry, expanding B2B partnerships across multiple sectors driving incremental transaction revenue and then pay an additional fee based on transactions.subscriptions. We offer white-label solutions to associations, organizations, and other closed-user groups in order for these groups to offer travel benefits to their communities which increases engagement and loyalty.

Grow our Direct-to-Consumer (“D2C”) travel club leveraging the Travel + Leisure brand and content. We plan to leverage Travel + Leisure, one of the world’s most influential travel brands, to expand our total addressable market and grow our subscription travel club by marketing to Travel + Leisure magazine subscribers and leisure travelers in general.

Revenues and Operating Statistics
Travel and Membership derives the majority of its revenues from annual membership dues and fees for facilitating vacation exchangesexchange and non-exchange transactions and other travel accommodations and services. We also generate revenue from programs with affiliated resorts, club servicing, and loyalty programs, as well as additional products that provide exchange members with the ability to protect trading power or points, extend the life of deposits, and combine two or more deposits for the opportunity to exchange into intervals with higher trading power. No single customer, developer, or group accounts for more than 10% of our revenues.

Performance in our Travel and Membership business has been measured by the following key operating statistics through 2020:statistics:
Average number of exchange members - Represents paid members in our vacation exchange programs who are current on their annual membership dues.
Exchange revenue per member - Represents total revenues generated from fees associated with memberships, exchange transactions, and other servicing for the period divided by the average number of vacation exchange members during the period.

Given recent acquisitions, we willconsidered to be reporting the following key operating metric for our Travel and Membership segment in 2021:good standing.
Transactions Represents the number of vacation transactions bookedbookings recognized as revenue during the period, net of cancellations.

Revenue per transaction — Represents transactional revenue divided by transactions.
Our Brands
We operate under the following brands within Panorama:
RCI.Founded in 1974, RCI operates the world’s largest vacation ownership weeks-based vacation exchange network, RCI Weeks, and provides members with the ability to exchange week-long intervals in units at their home resort for intervals at comparable resorts. RCI also operates the world’s largest vacation ownership points-based vacation exchange network, RCI
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Points. This program allocates points to use rights
Sales and Marketing, Distribution and Customer Development
In the exchange business, we affiliate with vacation ownership developers directly through our in-house sales teams. Affiliated vacation ownership developers sign agreements that have an average duration of three years. Our vacation exchange members cede toare acquired primarily through our affiliated developers as part of the vacation exchange program. Members may redeem their points for the useownership purchase process. We acquire a small percentage of vacation properties for the duration they choose in our vacation exchange program or for discounts on other services and products which may changemembers directly from time to time, such as airfare, car rentals, cruises, hotels, and other accommodations. RCI also offers enhanced membership tiers (Gold and Platinum), which provide additional benefits to members.online channels.

Panorama Travel Solutions.collaborates with affinity groups outside of the vacation ownership industry through our Panorama Travel Solutions offers global discount travel membership clubs and custom travel technology solutions to B2Bbusiness, which includes ARN. These affinity partners including large employers, banks and retailers, trade associations and others via their operations in the U.S., Mexico, Asia, and Europe. From off-the-shelf house brands to bespoke travel clubs, Panorama Travel Solutions delivers the perfect solution for its partners based on their unique needs. Driven by Panorama’s vision to widen the scope of business, Panorama Travel Solutions is dedicated to growing its position within group tourism by offering new platforms and expanded products to its affinity partners.

Alliance Reservations Network. Founded in 1995, ARN is a travel technology provider that offers private-label travel booking technology solutions to affiliates and group travel planners. These travel booking solutions are highly configurable and offer unique benefits to our partners. ARN’s relationships with major global travel suppliers offer substantial discounts on travel and accommodations as a benefit to closed user groups such asinclude employee benefit programs,plans, professional associations, and other paid membership groups. Additionally, ARN’s groupgroups that are interested in providing travel planning solution helpsbenefits to automate the process of contracting, booking,their members to enhance customer loyalty, and managing the entire lodging process for group events.

7Across, formerly DAE. Founded in 1997, 7Across is a leading direct-to-consumer model of vacation exchange with global operations. This member-direct vacation exchange program is open to all timeshare owners, regardless of the resort where they own. 7Across offers weeks, points, and club owners a simple exchange system with modest support services, enabling them to enjoy resort style accommodations around the world.many cases, generate incremental fee streams.

TheRegistry Collection. Established in 2002, The Registry Collection vacation exchange program is the industry’s largest and first global vacation exchange network of luxury vacation accommodations. The luxury vacation accommodations in The Registry Collection network include fractional ownership resorts, higher-end vacation ownership resorts, condo-hotels, and yachts. The Registry Collection program allows members to exchange their intervals for the use of other luxury vacation properties within the network for a fee and also offers access to other services and products at member preferred rates, such as cruises, yachts, adventure travel, hotels, and other accommodations.

Love Home Swap. Founded in 2011, Love Home Swap provides homeowners two ways to turn their home into vacation opportunities. Members have the option to: (i) swap time at their home directly with another member for time at their property, or (ii) swap time at their home for points, which can be used at a later date to secure a stay at another member’s home. Love Home Swap has developed a sizeable footprint in the United Kingdom and Europe, as well as presence in the U.S. and Australia.

We will operate the following brands under our new Travel + Leisure Group in 2021:
BookTandL.com. This brand’s website serves asdevelops relationships directly with consumers through quality travel content and by marketing to both a research and transaction platform, providing consumers a single destination for every aspect of their vacation planning and booking journey.

Travel + Leisure Travel Clubs. This will includemagazine subscribers and leisure travelers in general. We distribute our products and services through proprietary websites and call centers around the two Travel + Leisure travel clubsworld. Customers are acquired in January 2021 as well as a new subscription travel club to be launched in 2021.

Travel + Leisure Group will be launchingthrough direct channels, partnerships with affinity groups, and cultivating a number of brands and websites over the next twelve months and beyond in order to leverage the Travel + Leisure brand.third party acquisition sources.

Inventory
The properties our business makes available to travelers include vacation ownership and fractional resorts, homes, private residence clubs, and traditional hotel rooms. Only in rare cases do we acquire and take title of inventory, as our network supply is predominantly owned and provided by third-party affiliates and suppliers. We offer travelers flexibility to select preferred travel dates in a variety of lodging options. We leverage inventory comprised of VOIs and independently owned properties across our network of brands to maximize value for affiliates and members.

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Customer Development
In the exchange business, we affiliate with vacation ownership developers directly through our in-house sales teams. Affiliated vacation ownership developers sign agreements that have an average duration of five years. Our vacation exchange members are acquired primarily through our affiliated developers as part of the vacation ownership purchase process. We acquire a small percentage of our members directly from online channels.

We also affiliate with affinity groups outside of the vacation ownership industry, primarily through our ARN business. These affiliates include employee benefit plans, professional associations, and other paid membership groups. These affiliates bring end user customers to our solutions via private label booking websites, which ultimately drives revenue-generating transactions for us.

Panorama Travel Solutions seeks to develop relationships with organizations, companies, or groups that are interested in providing travel benefits to their members to enhance customer loyalty, and in many cases, generate incremental fee streams. Panorama Travel Solutions will provide white-label services to its customers and will revenue-share or perform services for a fee, with its customers.

Travel + Leisure Group will develop relationships directly with consumers through quality content and by marketing to Travel + Leisure magazine subscribers and followers.

Loyalty Program
RCI’s loyalty program, RCI Elite Rewards, offers a co-branded credit card to members. The card allows members to earn reward points that can be redeemed for items related to our RCI vacation exchange programs, including annual membership dues, exchange fees for transactions, and other services and products offered by RCI or certain third parties, including airlines and retailers.

Distribution
We distribute our products and services through proprietary websites and call centers around the world. We invest in new technologies and online capabilities to ensure that our customers have the best experience and access to consistent information and services across digital and call center channels. We continue to enhance our digital channels, mobile capabilities, and e-commerce platforms across our network.

Part of our strategy has been to enhance and expand our online distribution channels, including global partnerships with several industry-leading online travel and distribution partners in order to streamline inventory connectivity and guest experience. This will continue to enhance our value proposition with members and accelerate revenue growth, while also allowing for more transactional business online to reduce reliance on call center support, thereby generating cost savings.

The requests we receive at our global call centers are handled by our vacation guides, who are trained to fulfill requests for vacation exchange. Call centers remain an important vacation exchange distribution channel for us and therefore we continue to invest resources to ensure that members and rental customers receive a high level of personalized customer service. Through our call centers, we also provide private-labeled reservation booking, customer care, and other services for our RCI affiliates.

Marketing
We market our services and products to our customers using our brands in 24 offices worldwide through several marketing channels including direct mail, email, social media, telemarketing, online distribution channels, brochures, and magazines. Our core marketing strategy is to personalize and customize our marketing to best match customer preferences. We also have a comprehensive strategy for communicating to customers using a variety of digital and social channels such as Facebook, Google, Instagram, Twitter, Pinterest, and YouTube. We use our resort directories and periodicals related to the vacation industry for marketing as well as for member retention and loyalty.

Strategy
Our strategy is to expand beyond our core vacation exchange model into the broader leisure travel market to become a leading travel membership provider. Our Panorama growth plan leverages our legacy of innovation, technology, and analytics expertise as well as our membership capabilities to fuel our growth and achieve our goals. We intend to pursue the following key strategic initiatives:
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Broaden our business beyond core exchange
We will continue to selectively pursue business opportunities to offer services to travelers both within and outside of our traditional member base in order to leverage our existing brands and scale, as well as enhance and grow the recently acquired ARN business. Our goal will be to serve as a true end-to-end travel provider, illustrating our expertise across the full spectrum of travel, vacation, and holidays.
Identify new capital efficient sources of supply
We have identified consumer demand for destinations where we have limited supply. We plan to leverage our scale, technology platforms, and robust industry relationships to secure new sources of supply with favorable pricing to enhance our inventory profile and satisfy our customer demand.
Offer new and innovative products to re-ignite our brands and further enhance the membership experience
We plan to continue our focus on Customer Obsession by offering more ways for customers to use their membership for global travel and vacations. Our goal is to simplify the exchange process and provide a more expansive offering of quality destination options and travel products.
Develop new solutions in partnership with our club affiliates to increase overall engagement with the club member population
While club owners have been the largest growing segment of our member base, club revenue per member is lower than our overall average due to a wide array of vacation options within the clubs, causing a reduced propensity for club owners to transact with our networks. We see opportunity to improve club engagement by working more closely with our club affiliate partners to drive additional value proposition in their owner base. We can achieve this by enhancing our technology platforms, providing innovative new product offerings, and enabling time flexibility to help owners avoid expiration of their club currency by depositing into our exchange programs.
Seasonality
Our revenues from vacation exchange fees have traditionally been higher in the first quarter, which is generally when our vacation exchange members plan and book their vacations for the year. Our seasonality has been and could continue to be impacted by COVID-19.

Competition
Our global exchange business competes with other worldwide vacation exchange companies, most notably Interval International, certain timeshare developers and clubs that offer vacation exchange through their own internal networks of properties. This business also competes with third-party internet travel intermediaries and peer-to-peer online networks that are used by consumers to search for and book their resort and other travel accommodations.

Our non-exchange Travel and Membership businesses compete more broadly with the larger universesector of leisure travel options including traditional travel agents, online travel agents, and travel clubs.

INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY
Our business is affected by our ability to protect against infringement of our intellectual property, including our trademarks, service marks, logos, trade names, domain names, and other proprietary rights. The foregoing segment descriptions specify the brands that are used by each of our segments. OurTravel + Leisure Co. and its subsidiaries actively use or license for use all significant marks and domain names, and we own or have exclusive licenses to use these marks and domain names. In connection with the Spin-off, we entered into a license, development and noncompetition agreement with Wyndham Hotels, which, among other things, granted to Travel + Leisure Co. the right to use the “Wyndham” trademark, “The Registry Collection” trademark, and certain other trademarks and intellectual property in our business. See “KeyKey Agreements Related to the Spin-Off—License, Development and Noncompetition Agreement”Agreement for more information. We register the marks that we own in the U.S. Patent and Trademark Office, as well as with other relevant authorities where we deem appropriate, and seek to protect our marks from unauthorized use as permitted by law.
GOVERNMENT REGULATION
Our business is subject to various international, national, federal, state and local laws, regulations, and policies in jurisdictions in which we operate. Some laws, regulations, and policies impact multiple areas of our business, such as securities, anti-discrimination, anti-fraud, data protection and security and anti-corruption and bribery laws and regulations or government economic sanctions, including applicable regulations under the U.S. Treasury’s Office of Foreign Asset Control and the U.S. Foreign Corrupt Practices Act (“FCPA”). The FCPA and similar anti-corruption and bribery laws in other jurisdictions
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generally prohibit companies and their intermediaries from making improper payments to government officials for the purpose of obtaining or generating business. Other laws, regulations, and policies primarily affect one of our areas of business: inventory sourcing activities; sales and marketing activities; purchaser financing activities; and property management activities.

Timeshare Inventory Sourcing RegulationPurchasing and Development
Our inventory sourcing activities are regulated under a number of different timeshare, condominium, and land sales disclosure statutes in many jurisdictions. We are generally subject to laws and regulations typically applicable to real estate development, subdivision, and construction activities, such as laws relating to zoning, land use restrictions, environmental regulation, accessibility, title transfers, title insurance, and taxation. In the U.S., these include the Fair Housing Act and the Americans with Disabilities Act of 1990 and the Accessibility Guidelines promulgated thereunder. In addition, we are subject to laws in some jurisdictions that impose liability on property developers for construction defects discovered or repairs made by future owners of property developed by the developer.

Sales and Marketing Regulation
Our sales and marketing activities are highly regulated. In addition to regulations implementing laws enacted specifically for the timeshare industry, a wide variety of laws and regulations govern our sales and marketing activities, including regulations implementing the USA PATRIOT Act, Foreign Investment In Real Property Tax Act, the Federal Interstate Land Sales Full Disclosure Act and fair housing statutes, U.S. Federal Trade Commission (“FTC”) and states’ “Little FTC Acts” and other regulations governing unfair, deceptive or abusive acts or practices including unfair or deceptive trade practices and unfair competition, state attorney general regulations, anti-fraud laws, prize, gift and sweepstakes laws, laws governing discount sales and buying clubs, real estate, title agency or insurance and other licensing or registration laws and regulations, anti-money laundering, consumer information privacy and security, breach notification, information sharing, telemarketing and telemarketingemail marketing laws, home solicitation sales laws, tour operator laws, lodging certificate and seller of travel laws, securities laws, subscription laws, and other consumer protection laws.

We must obtain the approval of numerous governmental authorities for our sales and marketing activities. Changes in circumstances or applicable law may necessitate the application for or modification of existing approvals. Our telemarketing activities are subject to regulation and enforcement activities including the federal Telephone Consumer Protection Act and “do not call” legislation, which may increase the cost of telemarketing activities and expose us to enforcement actions if we do not comply. We mitigate this risk by using permission-based marketing in some instances and have implemented procedures to comply with federal and state “do not call” regulations, including subscription to federal and certain state “do not call” registries and maintenance of an internal “do not call” list. Similarly, state and federal regulations may place limitations on our ability to engage our consumers in electronic mail marketing campaigns, including requirements applicable to the transmission of email messages with the primary purpose of advertising or promoting a commercial product or service. We have adopted email messaging practices responsive to the requirements of such regulations.

In addition, many jurisdictions, including many jurisdictions in the U.S., require that we file detailed registration or offering statements with regulatory authorities disclosing information regarding our VOIs, such as information concerning the intervals being offered, the project, resort or program to which the intervals relate, applicable timeshare plans, evidence of title, details regarding our business, the purchaser’s rights and obligations with respect to such intervals, and a description of the manner in which we intend to offer and advertise such intervals.

When we sell VOIs, local law grants the purchaser of a VOI the right to cancel a purchase contract during a specified rescission period following the later of the date the contract was signed or the date the purchaser received the last of the documents required to be provided by us.

In recent years, regulators in many jurisdictions have increased regulations and enforcement actions related to telemarketing operations, including requiring adherence to the federal Telephone Consumer Protection Act and “do not call” legislation. These measures have significantly increased the costs associated with telemarketing, in particular with respect to telemarketing to mobile numbers. While we continue to be subject to telemarketing risks and potential liability, we believe that our exposure to adverse effects from telemarketing legislation and enforcement is mitigated in some instances by the use of permission-based marketing in which we obtain permission to contact prospective purchasers in the future. We have also implemented procedures to comply with federal and state “do not call” regulations including subscribing to the federal do not call registry and certain state “do not call” registries as well as maintaining an internal “do not call” list.

Purchaser Financing Regulation
Our purchaser financing activities are subject to a number of laws and regulations including those of applicable supervisory agencies such as, in the U.S., the Consumer Financial Protection Bureau, the FTC,Federal Trade Commission, and the Financial Crimes Enforcement Network. These laws and regulations, some of which contain exceptions applicable to the timeshare industry, may include, among others, the Real Estate Settlement Procedures Act and Regulation X, the Truth In Lending Act and Regulation Z, the Federal Trade Commission Act, the Equal Credit Opportunity Act and Regulation B, the Fair Credit Reporting Act, the Fair Housing Act and implementing regulations, the Fair Debt Collection Practices Act, the Electronic Funds Transfer Act and Regulation E, unfair, deceptive or abusive acts or practices regulations and the Credit Practices rules, the USA PATRIOT Act, the Right to Financial Privacy Act, the Gramm-Leach-Bliley Act, the Servicemembers Civil Relief Act, and the Bank Secrecy Act. Our purchaser financing activities are also subject to the laws and regulations of other jurisdictions, including, among others, laws and regulations related to consumer loans, retail installment contracts, mortgage lending, fair debt collection and
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debt collection and credit reporting practices, consumer debt collection practices, mortgage disclosure, lender or mortgage loan originator licensing and registration and anti-money laundering.

Property Management Regulation
Our property management activities are subject to laws and regulations regarding community association management, public lodging, food and beverage services, liquor licensing, labor, employment, health care, health and safety, accessibility, discrimination, immigration, gaming, and the environment (including climate change). In addition, many jurisdictions in which we manage our resorts have statutory provisions that limit the duration of the initial and renewal terms of our management agreements for property owners’ associations.

HUMAN CAPITAL
Employee Profile
Aligned with our mission to put the world on vacation, we are committed to responsible tourism and the best interests of people and places around the world. We recognize our employees as associates who bring our mission to put the world on vacation to life through their service to the world’s leading membership and leisure travel company.

Oversight and Management
Our Human Resourceshuman resources organization is tasked with managingmanages employment-related matters, including recruiting and hiring, onboarding, compensation planning, performance management, and professional development. Our Board of Directors (“Board”) and its committees also provide oversight on certain human capital matters, including diversity and inclusion initiatives. Our Corporate Governance Committee periodically reviews matters of corporate social responsibility and sustainability performance, including potential long and short term trends and impacts of environmental, social, and governance issues that touch onaffect human capital matters. Our Compensation Committee is responsible for periodically reviewing certain of our human capital programs, policies and procedures, (except to the extent within the purview of the Corporate Governance Committee), including management succession planning and development. The Compensation Committee is also responsible for periodically reviewing incentives and risks relatingrelated to our compensation programs and arrangements.programs. Furthermore, our Audit Committee discusses compliance risks related to human capital matters and periodically reviews and updates our Code of Business Conduct and Ethics to promote ethical behavior by all of our associates.

As the unprecedented events of 2020 suspended global travel, we recalibrated operations and drove agile, sustained connectivity to our worldwide team of associates.associates, many of whom began to work remotely. We executed a workforce transformation aligned with the closure and reduction of operations around the world. Efficiencies in staffingStaffing related cost savings were achieved through a significant reduction in our workforce and the layoff or furlough of 9,000thousands of associates in Marchduring 2020. Benefits were provided to associates for the duration of their furlough.furlough and severance was provided to associates that were separated from Travel + Leisure Co. As of December 31, 2020, 4,8002021, we have reopened all of the resorts and sales offices in North America that we expect to reopen. The remaining closed resorts and sales offices that we intend to reopen are located in the South Pacific and are expected to reopen in 2022, contingent upon the lifting of government imposed travel restrictions. As a result of these reopenings the vast majority of our furloughed associatesemployees have returned to work and we have rehired 300 associates who were previously laid-off.work.

As of December 31, 2020,2021, our global team was comprised of more than 15,50016,800 associates, more than 3,0003,500 of whom work outside the U.S. 12,600; 14,100 associates support Vacation Ownership, 2,4002,600 associates support Travel and Membership, and 500100 associates comprise our corporate group. Nearly one percentLess than 1% of our associates are subject to collective bargaining agreements governing their employment with our company.

Employee Development
We seek to attract and retain top talent through our commitment to shared values and competencies, and the development of each associate as an integral contributor to our business and our culture. Our internal pipeline of talent is strengthened by our ability to help associates develop knowledge, skills, and a network of supporters throughout their career. We promote four competencies for all associates: Customer Obsession, Decision Velocity, Transparency, and Empowerment. Associates are encouraged to master these competencies through individual development plans, performance reviews, and training. Examples of our employee development programs and initiatives include:
Global Learning and Development: Our proprietary Destination U resource is a comprehensive solution that puts the ownership of each associate’s career development directly into their hands. By fostering growth potential for all associates at Travel + Leisure Co., we enable each individual to clearly understand their role in the context of the larger organization and to access development courses designed specifically to further their development.
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Programs focused on career progression include: formal talent reviews, succession planning, high-potential associate development programs, executive coaching, leader onboarding plans, new leader orientation new leaderand transition training, and tuition and certification reimbursement.

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Inclusion and Diversity
We understand that a culture of rich inclusion and diversity enhances our performance and ability to serve our customers. We strive to cultivate an inclusive environment where each individual is embraced as they are, and where each associate feels appreciated, respected, and valued as a contributor at every level within the organization.
Our inclusive talent acquisition strategy focuses on developing a diverse pipeline of candidates that includes applicants from a variety of backgrounds, cultures, and experiences. This includes women, diverse ethnicities, veterans, LGBTQ+LGBTQIA+, those with disabilities, generational diversity, and more.
Our Global Inclusion and Diversity Council (“GIDC”) is comprised of an associate-led global team of diverse senior and executive leaders. The mission of the GIDC is to foster, cultivate, and design actions to strengthen our culture and global communities, through inclusion, equitable opportunities, and social justice.
We host voluntary, associate-led Diversity Resource Groupsdiversity resource groups for our Asian/Pacific Islander, Black/African American, Hispanic/LatinX, LGBTQ+Latinx, LGBTQIA+, Veteran, and Women associates. Diversity Resource Groupsresource groups foster affiliation with colleagues across the business, and are designed to enable the personal growth, professional development, and retention of diverse talent. Participants have the opportunity to develop their careers through learning, leadership exposure, and business engagement. Our partnerships with Inclusioninclusion and Diversitydiversity organizations at national and regional levels provide a platform for our associates to develop leadership skills and gain Inclusioninclusion and Diversitydiversity education, while executives are given the opportunity to showcase thought leadership at sponsored programs and events.
Our roadmap to drive progress in Inclusioninclusion and Diversitydiversity is guided by our goals of continuing to enhance a diverse talent pipeline to increase women and diverse representation at the Directordirector and above level, continued focus on diverse hires at all levels, and maintaining and growing our business relationships with companies that have diverse ownership.

We remain committed to Listen,“Listen, Learn, and ActAct” to sustain engagement and responsiveness. Travel + Leisure Co. President and CEO Michael Brown signed the CEO Diversity Action Pledge in partnership with the CEO Action for Diversity & Inclusion, joining more than 1,6002,000 global organizations who have pledged to act on supporting a more inclusive workplace for employees, communities, and society at large. Also in 2020,Michael Brown was among 75 Central Florida leaders to sign the first-ever Orlando Economic Partnership Regional Corporate Pledge in 2020, committing to act for racialimprove regional diversity, equity, and inclusion.inclusion outcomes.

In an effort to improve employee diversity at the director-and-above level, we have implemented an approach where at least 50% of the candidate slate for any open employee position will be gender and/or ethnically diverse to the greatest extent practicable. During 2021, we improved diversity at the director-and-above level by 8%. During 2021, we had 6,102 active hires and our turnover rate was 62%, which is below the annual average for the industry for the proceeding five-year period per the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics.

As of December 31, 2021, 53% of our global associates were women, 44% were men, and 3% were not declared. Also at December 31, 2021, 53% of our global leaders with direct reports were men and 47% were women. The following table provides the global gender distribution by level:
GenderBelow Director
Director and above (a)
Female54%39%
Male43%61%
Undeclared3%—%
(a)Includes our executive officers which are 78% male and 22% female.

Our ethnic representation in the U.S as of December 31, 2021 was:
49% White
23% Hispanic/Latinx
13% Black/African American
8% Asian
3% Two or more races
2% Native Hawaiian/Other Pacific Islander
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1% Native American/American Indian
1% Undeclared

The following table provides the U.S. ethnic diversity distribution by level:
Below Director
Director and above (a)
White47%77%
Diverse51%22%
Undeclared2%1%
(a)Includes our executive officers which are 89% white and 11% diverse.

In addition to employee diversity, we have diverse representation on our Board, with four of our nine board members being gender and/or ethnically diverse.

Competitive Pay/Benefits
We offer a comprehensive total rewards program designed to attract and retain top talent, to fuel our business successobjectives, and to reward performance. Our total rewards package reflects our commitment to our associates and includes competitive pay, healthcare benefits, retirement savings plans, paid time off including parental leave, and other mental health and well-being support. Approximately 98%97% of our associates are eligible to participate in a company sponsored retirement plan sponsored by the Company or a mandatory pension plan in their country of residence, subject to plan terms. We also have an Employee Stock Purchase Plan with a 10% discount from the fair market value at the grant date available to approximately 80%89% of our associates. We regularly review our design and offerings to ensure alignment with country and regional competitive practices.

We believe in performance-based variable compensation programs that support a high performance environment. Below officer level allAll of our managers participate in an annual incentive plan that most closely aligns with their role. Our sales and marketing associates at all levels across our business lines participate in variable compensation plans aligned to their role. OverApproximately 50% of all our global associates participate in a variable pay incentive pay program.

Health & Safety
The health and safety of our associates is of the utmost importance. In response to the global pandemic, we created a COVID-19-specific plan for the safety and well-being of our associates, guests, and customers. This plan mirrored the direction from the Center for Disease Control (“CDC”) and Prevention guidelines for the United StatesU.S. and other equivalent government agencies in the regions where we operate globally. As part of our response, many of our employees worked remotely.

OurIn response to the COVID-19 pandemic outlinedmany of our commitmentemployees beginning to return to the health and safety of our associates. Ouroffice, we have adopted a global strategy is aligned by our We’ll“We’ll Be ReadyReady” return to work plan. This plan is a comprehensive and evolving resource outlining the protocols and actions we takehave taken to protect our associates including:
Transitioning associates to work from home, or work a hybrid work schedule, wherever possiblepossible.
Mandatory onsite temperature checks and health screeningscreenings at select locations.
Requiring the use of masks onsite for unvaccinated associates and as required by local ordinance.
Promotion of onsite social distancingdistancing.
Requiring sick associates to stay homehome.
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Immediate contact tracing responseresponse.
Enhanced onsite cleaning protocols in alignment with CDC, WHO,World Health Organization (“WHO”), and OSHA protocolsOccupational Safety and Health Administration (“OSHA”) protocols.
Enhanced safety and health training specific to COVID-19.
Vaccine education and incentive initiatives.
Time off for associates who choose to be vaccinated.
Required COVID-19 symptom awareness attestation.
Certified “We’ll Be Ready” health and safety champions at all resorts and sale sites.

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SOCIAL RESPONSIBILITY
We are committed to delivering shareholder and stakeholder value through our Social Responsibility program, Full Circle, which remains an integral part of our company culture and global business operations. We strive to cultivate an inclusive environment, in which our associates, customers, suppliers, and communities feel appreciated, respected, and valued. In 2020, we continued to strengthen our impact across four core pillars of Social Responsibility: Environmental Sustainability, Inclusion & Diversity, Philanthropy, and Ethics & Human Rights.

We are committed to sustainable business practices with a focus on social responsibility. Our 2025 environmental goals are to reduce carbon emissions by 40% and water consumption by 25%35% at our owned, managed, and leased assets (based on square foot intensity) compared to our 2010 baseline. AsWe have also joined the U.S. Department of December 31, 2020,Energy’s Better Buildings Challenge with a goal to reduce energy usage intensity 20% within U.S. operations by 2024.

Compared to our 2010 baseline, we hadhave reduced carbon emissions intensity by 29% and already reducedexceeded our original water usage intensity by greater thanwithdrawal goal of 25% as compared to our 2010 baseline,, while increasing our overall portfolio square footage by 16%. Progress towards, which includes our goals is measured throughmanaged resorts, corporate offices, and leased locations, including our environmental management system, the WYND Green Toolbox. Our goals will be achieved through innovative programssales and the implementation of efficiency projects aimed at responsible tourism.administrative offices and data centers. During 2021, we set a new goal to reduce our water withdrawal 35% by 2025. We have also set a goal to plant two million trees by 2025. As of December 31, 2021, we have planted more than 1.7 million trees. Part of our innovative approach to carbon sequestration measures is addressed through annual reforestation projects, protection of existing forests, and the sourcing of carbon neutral coffee. Our ongoing commitment to optimize solar resourcesreduce carbon emissions includes the implementation of an offsite solar project and 17 onsite solar projects to-date.

With a focus on improving the lives of children and families through vacations, we support charitable organizations with a similar focus and mission. Our philanthropic efforts drive support for organizations including Give Kids the World Village, Jack and Jill Late Stage Cancer Foundation, and our Associate Relief Fund. Our decades long history of partnership with Christel House International supports educational opportunities for children in underserved global communities. Additionally, through contributions to Step Up for Students, we support providing low incomelow-income families in Florida the opportunity to choose the best education for their children. Most recently, we established the Travel + Leisure Charitable Foundation. This foundation will embrace a diverse and inclusive community through a variety of programs, including leadership training, mentoring opportunities, and educational support. Since its formation, the Travel + Leisure Charitable Foundation has partnered with the School Board of Orange County, Florida, to create the Travel + Leisure Eatonville scholarship program, which strives to promote educational excellence within the Eatonville community, the oldest African-American-incorporated municipality in the U.S., by providing scholarships to eligible students.

We are committed to being an employer and neighbor of choice in the communities where we have a presence. Our commitment is recognized through prestigious honors including Newsweek’s list of America’s Most Responsible Companies, the National LGBT Chamber of Commerce’s Best-of-the-Best, the National Veteran-Owned Business Association’s Top 2021 Best Corporations for Veteran’s Business Enterprises, Forbes’ America’s Best Large Employers, and the Human Rights Campaign Corporate Equality Index, among others.

We remain committed to the highest standards of ethics, integrity, and responsible business practices across our global operations. Published in 13 languages, our associate Code of Conduct reinforces ethical practices including the equal and fair treatment of associates, owners, and guests; health and safety; avoiding and reporting conflicts of interest; protecting our information; anti-corruption; and financial and reporting integrity. We encourage the reporting of any concerns without fear of retaliation through channels including our 24-hour Wyntegrityintegrity internal reporting hotline. Aligned with our stand against human trafficking, and in partnership with ECPAT International, we arewere the first vacation ownership company to sign the Tourism Child Protection Code of Conduct and to enforce required training and education for associates globally in order to protect children from exploitation.
For
Visit our website at investor.travelandleisureco.com/esg for additional information on our social responsibility activities and initiative visit our website at investor.travelandleisureco.com/governance/Social-Responsibility.initiatives.

ENVIRONMENTAL COMPLIANCE
Our compliance with federal, state and local laws and regulations relating to environmental protection and discharge of hazardous materials has not had a material impact on our capital expenditures, earnings or competitive position, and we do not anticipate any material impact from such compliance in the future.

CLIMATE CHANGE
There has been public discussion that climate change is associated with extreme weather conditions and other natural disasters, such as increased frequency and severity of storms and floods, coastal erosion and flooding due to higher sea levels, increased
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temperatures, and increased forest fires. We manage properties exposed to areas which are susceptible to adverse effects resulting from these conditions and disasters. Based upon insurable property values as of December 31, 2021, approximately 35% of our managed properties are located in Tier I windstorm exposure areas, approximately 20% are located in areas with a high level of flood risk; and approximately 20% are located in high-risk wildfire-prone states. It is possible that the weather conditions and other natural disasters associated with climate change could increase in frequency and/or severity in the future which could have a material adverse effect on our managed property portfolio, operating costs, and demand for our products and/or services.

KEY AGREEMENTS RELATED TO THE SPIN-OFF
This section summarizes the material agreements between Travel + Leisure Co. and Wyndham Hotels that govern the ongoing relationships between the two companies after the Spin-off. Additional or modified agreements, arrangements, and transactions, which would be negotiated at arm’s length, may be entered into in the future. These summaries are qualified in their entirety by reference to the full text of the applicable agreements, which are incorporated by reference herein.

As of May 31, 2018, when the Spin-off was completed, Travel + Leisure Co. and Wyndham Hotels operateoperated independently, and neither company has any ownership interest in the other. Before the Spin-off, we entered into a Separation and Distribution Agreement and several other agreements with Wyndham Hotels related to the Spin-off. These agreements govern the relationship following completion of the Spin-off and provide for the allocation of various assets, liabilities, rights, and obligations. The following is a summary of the terms of the material agreements we entered into with Wyndham Hotels. The following summaries do not purport to be complete and are qualified in their entirety by reference to the full text of each
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agreement, which is incorporated by reference into this Annual Report on Form 10-K included in Part IV, Item 15 as Exhibits 2.5, 10.53, 10.54, 10.55,10.57, 10.58, 10.59, and 10.56.10.60.

Separation and Distribution Agreement 
We entered into a Separation and Distribution Agreement with Wyndham Hotels regarding the principal actions taken or to be taken in connection with the Spin-off. The Separation and Distribution Agreement providesprovided for the allocation of assets and liabilities between Travel + Leisure Co. and Wyndham Hotels and establishesestablished certain rights and obligations between the parties following the Distribution.
 
Transfer of Assets and Assumption of Liabilities. The Separation and Distribution Agreement providesprovided for those transfers of assets and assumptions of liabilities that arewere necessary in connection with the Spin-off so that Travel + Leisure Co. and Wyndham Hotels allocated the assets necessary to operate itstheir respective business,businesses, and retainsretain or assumesassume the liabilities allocated to itthem in accordance with the separation plan. The Separation and Distribution Agreement also providesprovided for the settlement or extinguishment of certain liabilities and other obligations among Travel + Leisure Co. and Wyndham Hotels. In particular, the Separation and Distribution Agreement providesprovided that, subject to certain terms and conditions: 
The assets that have been retained by or transferred to Wyndham Hotels (“SpinCo assets”) include, but are not limited to:
all of the equity interests of Wyndham Hotels;
any and all assets reflected on the audited combined balance sheet of the Wyndham Hotels businesses;
any and all contracts primarily relating to the Wyndham Hotels businesses; and
all rights in the “Wyndham” trademark and “The Registry Collection” trademark, and certain intellectual property related thereto. 

The liabilities that have been retained by or transferred to Wyndham Hotels (“SpinCo liabilities”) include, but are not limited to: 
any and all liabilities (whether accrued, contingent or otherwise, and subject to certain exceptions) to the extent primarily related to, arising out of or resulting from (i) the operation or conduct of the Wyndham Hotels businesses or (ii) the SpinCo assets;
any and all liabilities (whether accrued, contingent or otherwise) relating to, arising out of or resulting from any form, registration statement, schedule or similar disclosure document filed or furnished with the SEC, to the extent such filing is either made by Wyndham Hotels or made by us in connection with the Spin-off, subject to each party’s indemnification obligations under the Separation and Distribution Agreement with respect to any misstatement of or omission to state a material fact contained in any such filing to the extent the misstatement or omission is based upon information that was furnished by such party;
any and all liabilities relating to, arising out of, or resulting from any indebtedness of Wyndham Hotels or any indebtedness secured exclusively by any of the Wyndham Hotels assets; and
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any and all liabilities (whether accrued, contingent or otherwise) reflected on the audited combined balance sheet of the Wyndham Hotels businesses. 

Wyndham Hotels assumesassumed one-third and Travel + Leisure assumesCo. assumed two-thirds of certain contingent and other corporate liabilities of Travel + Leisure Co. and Wyndham Hotels (“shared contingent liabilities”) in each case incurred prior to the Distribution, including our liabilities related to, arising out of or resulting from (i) certain terminated or divested businesses, (ii) certain general corporate matters of Travel + Leisure Co., and (iii) any actions with respect to the separation plan or the Distribution made or brought by any third party; party.
Wyndham Hotels is entitled to receive one-third and Travel + Leisure Co. is entitled to receive two-thirds of the proceeds (or, in certain cases, a portion thereof) from certain contingent and other corporate assets of Travel + Leisure Co. and Wyndham Hotels (“shared contingent assets”) arising or accrued prior to the Distribution, including our assets related to, arising from or involving (i) certain terminated or divested businesses, and (ii) certain general corporate matters of Travel + Leisure;Leisure Co. 
In connection with the sale of our European vacation rentals business, Wyndham Hotels assumed one-third and Travel + Leisure Co. assumed two-thirds of certain shared contingent liabilities and certain shared contingent assets. Such shared contingent assets and shared contingent liabilities include: (i) any amounts paid or received by Travel + Leisure in respect of any indemnification claims made in connection with such sale, (ii) any losses actually incurred by Travel + Leisure or Wyndham Hotels in connection with its provision of post-closing credit support to the European vacation rentals business, in the form of an unsecured guarantee, letter of credit or otherwise, in a fixed amount to be
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determined, to ensure that the European vacation rentals business meets the requirements of certain service providers and regulatory authorities, and (iii) any tax assets or liabilities related to such sale; 
Except as otherwise provided in the Separation and Distribution Agreement or any ancillary agreement, the corporate costs and expenses relating to the Spin-off will be paid by the party with whom such costs were incurred, from a separate account maintained by each of Wyndham Hotels and Travel + Leisure Co. and established prior to completion of the Spin-off on terms agreed upon by Wyndham Hotels and Travel + Leisure Co. and, to the extent the funds in such separate account are not sufficient to satisfy such costs and expenses, be treated as shared contingent liabilities (as described above); and .
All of our assets and liabilities (whether accrued, contingent or otherwise) other than the SpinCo assets and SpinCo liabilities, subject to certain exceptions (including the shared contingent assets and shared contingent liabilities), have been retained by or transferred to Travel + Leisure Co., except as set forth in the Separation and Distribution Agreement or one of the other agreements described below. 
 
Release of Claims and Indemnification. Travel + Leisure Co. and Wyndham Hotels have agreed to broad releases pursuant to which each releases the other and certain related persons specified in the Separation and Distribution Agreement from any claims against any of them that arise out of or relate to events, circumstances or actions occurring or failing to occur or alleged to occur or to have failed to occur or any conditions existing or alleged to exist at or prior to the time of the Distribution. These releases are subject to certain exceptions set forth in the Separation and Distribution Agreement and the ancillary agreements. The Separation and Distribution Agreement provides for cross-indemnities that, except as otherwise provided in the Separation and Distribution Agreement, are principally designed to place financial responsibility for the obligations and liabilities of Wyndham Hotels’ business with Wyndham Hotels, and financial responsibility for the obligations and liabilities of Travel + Leisure’sLeisure Co.’s business with Travel + Leisure.Leisure Co. Specifically, each party will, and will cause its subsidiaries to, indemnify, defend and hold harmless the other party, its affiliates and subsidiaries and each of its and their respective officers, directors, employees and agents for any losses arising out of, by reason of or otherwise in connection with: 
the liabilities each such party assumed or retained pursuant to the Separation and Distribution Agreement; 
any misstatement of or omission to state a material fact contained in any party’s public filings, only to the extent the misstatement or omission is based upon information that was furnished by the indemnifying party (or incorporated by reference from a filing of such indemnifying party) and then only to the extent the statement or omission was made or occurred after the Spin-off; and 
any breach by such party of the Separation and Distribution Agreement or any ancillary agreement unless such ancillary agreement expressly provides for separate indemnification therein, in which case any such indemnification claims will be made thereunder.
 
The amount of each party’s indemnification obligations are subject to reduction by any insurance proceeds received by the party being indemnified. Except in the case of tax assets and liabilities related to the sale of our European vacation rentals business, indemnification with respect to taxes are governed solely by the Tax Matters Agreement.
 
Employee Matters Agreement
We are party to an Employee Matters Agreement with Wyndham Hotels that governs the respective rights, responsibilities and obligations of Wyndham Hotels and Travel + Leisure Co. following the Spin-off. The Employee Matters Agreement addresses the allocation of employees between Wyndham Hotels and us, defined benefit pension plans, qualified defined contribution plans, non-qualified deferred compensation plans, employee health and welfare benefit plans, incentive plans, equity-based awards, collective bargaining agreements andTravel + Leisure Co. as well as other employment, compensation
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and benefits-related matters. Following the Spin-off,As of January 1, 2021, Wyndham HotelsHotels’ employees no longer participate in Travel + Leisure’sLeisure Co.’s plans or programs, (provided that they did continue to participate in employee health and welfare benefit plans for a limited period of time following the Spin-off in conjunction with the Transition Services Agreement described below, which continued participation ended December 31, 2020), and Wyndham Hotels has established plans or programs for their employees as described in the Employee Matters Agreement.

Tax Matters Agreement
We have a Tax Matters Agreement with Wyndham Hotels that governs the respective rights, responsibilities and obligations of Wyndham Hotels and usTravel + Leisure Co. following the Spin-off with respect to tax liabilities and benefits, tax attributes, tax contests and other tax sharing regarding U.S. federal, state, local and foreign income taxes, other tax matters and related tax returns. As a former subsidiary of Travel + Leisure Co., Wyndham Hotels has joint and several liability with us to the U.S. Internal Revenue Service (“IRS”) for the combined U.S. federal income taxes of the Travel + Leisure Co. consolidated group relating to the taxable periods in which Wyndham Hotels was part of that group. In general, the Tax Matters Agreement specifies that Wyndham Hotels will
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bear one-third, and Travel + Leisure Co. two-thirds, of this tax liability, and Wyndham Hotels has agreed to indemnify us against any amounts for which we are not responsible including subject to the next sentence. The Tax Matters Agreement also provides special rules for allocating tax liabilities in the event that the Spin-off is not tax-free. In general, if a party’s actions cause the Spin-off not to be tax-free, that party will be responsible for the payment of any resulting tax liabilities (and will indemnify the other party with respect thereto). The Tax Matters Agreement provides for certain covenants that may restrict our ability to pursue strategic or other transactions that otherwise could maximize the value of our business. Although valid as between the parties, the Tax Matters Agreement will not be binding on the IRS.

Transition Services Agreement
We entered into a Transition Services Agreement with Wyndham Hotels under which Wyndham Hotels provided us with certain services, and we provided Wyndham Hotels with certain services, for a limited time to help ensure an orderly transition following the distribution. These services included certain finance, information technology, human resources, payroll, tax, and other services. The transition services have ended as of December 31, 2020.

License, Development and Noncompetition Agreement
In connection with the Spin-off, we entered into a license, development and noncompetition agreement with Wyndham Hotels, which, among other things, granted to Travel + Leisure Co. the right to use the “Wyndham” trademark, “The Registry Collection” trademark and certain other trademarks and intellectual property in our business. This right is generally limited to use in connection with our vacation ownership and vacation exchange businesses, with certain limited exceptions. This agreement has a term of 100 years with an option for us to extend the term for an additional 30 years. We will pay Wyndham Hotels certain royalties and other fees under this agreement.

Additionally, the license, developmentLicense, Development and noncompetition agreementNoncompetition Agreement governs arrangements between us and Wyndham Hotels with respect to the development of new projects and non-compete obligations. These non-compete obligations restrict us and Wyndham Hotels from competing with the other party’s business (subject to customary carve-outs) for the first 25 years of the term of the license, developmentLicense, Development and noncompetition agreement,Noncompetition Agreement, and we may extend the term of these non-compete obligations for an additional five year term if we achieve a certain sales target in the last full calendar year of the initial 25-year term. If either party acquires a business that competes with the other party’s businesses, Wyndham Hotels or us,Travel + Leisure Co., must offer the other party the right to acquire such competing business upon and subject to the terms and conditions set forth in the license, developmentLicense, Development and noncompetition agreement.Noncompetition Agreement. Additionally, if either party engages in a project that has a component that competes with the other party’s businesses, Wyndham Hotels or us,Travel + Leisure Co., must use commercially reasonable efforts to include the other party in such project, subject to the terms and conditions set forth in the license, developmentLicense, Development and Noncompetition Agreement. In January 2021, Travel + Leisure Co. and Wyndham Hotels entered into a letter agreement pursuant to which, among other things, Wyndham Hotels waived its right to enforce certain noncompetition agreement.covenants in the License, Development and Noncompetition Agreement.

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ITEM 1A.    RISK FACTORS
You should carefully consider each of the following risk factors and all of the other information set forth in this report. Based on the information currently known to us, we believe that the following information identifies the most significantmaterial risk factors affecting our company. However, the risks and uncertainties we face are not limited to those set forth in the risk factors described below. Additional risks and uncertainties not presently known to us or that we currently believe not to be material risks may also adversely affect our business. In addition, past financial performance may not be a reliable indicator of future performance and historical trends should not be used to anticipate results or trends in future periods.

Risks Related to Our Business and Our Industry
We may not be able to achieve the objectives of our acquisition of the Travel + Leisure brand or the future prospects and plans for the Company.Travel + Leisure Co.
On January 5, 2021, we acquired the Travel + Leisure brand and all related assets from Meredith Corporation. On February 17, 2021, Wyndham Destinations, Inc. changed its name to Travel + Leisure Co., and the new Travel + Leisure Co. stock began trading under the ticker symbol NYSE: TNL. See Note 32—5—Subsequent EventsAcquisitions to the Consolidated Financial Statements included in Part II, Item 8 of this Annual Report on Form 10-K for information concerning this acquisition.

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The expected results of the transaction and the future prospects for, and plans of, our company, including our strategies to accelerate growth of our global businesses by broadening the strength of our cornerstone timeshare and exchange businesses and creating depth of leisure travel products and services through our business extensions, are subject to a number of risks and uncertainties, many of which are beyond our control, including (without limitation) unanticipated costs and/or delays; unfavorable reaction by customers, partners, employees, or suppliers; future revenues being lower than expected; failure or inability to implement growth or expansion strategies in a timely manner or at all; local and global political and economic conditions.control.

Promotion activities associated with our new businessbusinesses may not yield increased revenue in the time expected or at all, and, even if revenue does increase, it may not be sufficient to offset the expenses we incur in building our brands. If we fail to successfully promote and maintain our new businessbusinesses and brands, or incur substantial expenses in an unsuccessful attempt to promote and maintain our brands, we may fail to attract or retain customers to the extent necessary to realize a sufficient return with respect to the acquisition and our rebranding efforts, which would adversely impact our business, results of operations, and financial condition.

In addition, a portion of the value associated with the Travel + Leisure brand is derived from the long-standing commitment to high-quality, independent travel journalism by Travel + Leisure magazine and associated media properties, which will continue to be operated by Meredith outside of our control. If the quality or reach of such media properties deteriorates in the future, it could negatively impact the perception of the Travel + Leisure brand and adversely impact our business.

The timeshare industry is highly competitive and we are subject to risks related to competition that may adversely affect our performance.
We will be adversely impacted if we cannot compete effectively in the highly competitive timeshare industry. OurThe continued success and future growth of our timeshare and exchange businesses, depends upon our ability to compete effectively in markets that contain numerous competitors, some of which may have significantly greater financial, marketing, and other resources than we have. Competition in theWe principally compete with short-term vacation options such as lodging, cruise, and home and apartment sharing services, as well as other timeshare industry isdevelopers. We compete based on brand name recognition and reputation, as well aslifetime value, location, convenience, quality of accommodations, price, service levels, amenities, and amenities, financing terms, quality of service, terms of property use, reservation systems, flexibility of membersflexibility. In order to exchange into other timeshare properties or other travel awards, property sizecompete, we incent potential new owners and availability, customer satisfaction, consumer confidence, consumer discretionary spending,existing owners to tour with us to better understand our products and the ability to earn and redeem loyalty program points.services. New resorts may be constructed and these additions to supply may create new competitors, in some cases without corresponding increases in demand. Competition may reduce fee structures, potentially causing us to lower our fees or prices, which may adversely impact our profits. New competition or existing competition that uses a business model that is different from our business model may require us to change our model so that we can remain competitive.

Our RCI exchange business depends on vacation ownership developers for new members and existing members and participants to renew their memberships and engage in exchange and non-exchange transactions. Our new owner enrollment volumes dropped significantly during the COVID-19 pandemic due to the industry wide drop in VOI sales to new owners. Although new owner sales levels have recovered from their lows in 2020, they have not yet returned to pre-pandemic levels and there is no assurance that they will recover in the timeframe or at the levels that we expect. Developers and members also supply resort accommodations for use in exchanges. If we are unable to negotiate new affiliation agreements with resort developers or secure renewals with existing members or developers in our RCI network, the number of new and/or existing members, the supply of resort accommodations available through our exchange networks and related revenue will decrease. The failure to secure the renewal of affiliation agreements with developers that have corporate member relationships, where the developer renews RCI membership fees for all of its active owners, has a greater adverse effect. The loss or renegotiation on less favorable terms of several of our largest affiliation agreements could materially impact our financial condition and results of operations. Our ability to maintain affiliate agreements with resort developers is also impacted by consolidation in the vacation ownership industry. For example, in connection with the acquisition of Welk Hospitality Group, Inc. (“Welk”) by Marriott Vacations Worldwide Corporation, the RCI contract with Welk was terminated. Consolidation can also lead to larger competitors with greater resources that compete with our vacation ownership business for customers, projects, and talent.

Our new business extensions operate in a highly competitive global environment and may take longer than expected to achieve the levels of revenues, customer acceptance and profitability we expect.
As we continue to expand our business into the broader leisure travel industry, we will be adversely impacted if we cannot compete effectively. There are a great number of existing competitive travel services, some of which have significantly greater financial, marketing, and other resources than we have, and while the market is currently fragmented, existing travel service companies as well as new entrants may adversely impact our ability to achieve the level of revenues, transactions, and profitability we expect.

Our Travel + Leisure Group’s subscription business is largely dependent on the success of our direct-to-consumer marketing efforts and the willingness of consumers to subscribe to the Travel + Leisure Club for access to preferred travel pricing,
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exclusive experiences and customized concierge services. Our Panorama Travel Solutions business is largely dependent on the success of marketing efforts to closed user groups through partner brands and the subsequent propensity of the members of those groups to use the platform for their travel bookings and upgrade to receive premium services. Both businesses are also reliant on our ability to leverage new and existing relationships with travel suppliers, including hotels, airlines, rental car companies, and wholesale suppliers, and their willingness to distribute products and services through our platforms. There is no assurance that these efforts will be successful within the timeframe or at the levels we expect.

We will also need to regularly update our technology infrastructure to continually changing conditions, needs, and advancements, which may not at all times occur in the time or in the manner needed to achieve our desired results.

While many of our activities in establishing and implementing each of these business extensions are using our existing expertise, resources and technologies, these subscription business extensions can be expected to require us to utilize and augment resources, including management and other personnel, beyond those required by our historic business offerings and, as a result, subject us to greater risks and uncertainties than historically considered for our core timeshare and exchange businesses.

Failure to maintain the integrity of internal or customer data or to protect our systems from cyber-attacks could disrupt our business, damage our reputation, and subject us to costs, fines or lawsuits.
In connection with our business, we and our service providers collect and retain large volumes of certain types of personal and proprietary information pertaining to our guests, shareholders and employees. Such information includes, but is not limited to, large volumes of guest credit and payment card information, guest travel documents, other identification documents, account numbers, and other personally identifiable information. We are subject to attack by cyber-criminals operating on a global basis attempting to gain access to such information, and the integrity and protection of that guest, shareholder, and employee data is critical to us.

While we maintain what we believe are reasonable security controls over personal and proprietary information, including the personal information of guests, shareholders, and employees, any breach of or breakdown in our systems that results in the theft, loss, fraudulent use or other unauthorized release of personal, confidential or other proprietary information or other data could nevertheless occur and persist for an extended period of time without detection, which could have a material adverse effect on our brands, reputation, business, financial condition and results of operations, as well as subject us to significant regulatory actions and fines, litigation, losses, third-party damages and other liabilities. Such a breach or a breakdown could also materially increase our costs to protect such information and to protect against such risks. Our and our third-party service providers’ vulnerability to attack exists in relation to known and unknown threats. As a consequence, the security measures we deploy are not perfect or impenetrable, and we may be unable to anticipate or prevent all unauthorized access attempts made on our systems or those of our third-party service providers.

Data breaches, viruses, ransomware and other serious cyber incidents have increased globally, along with the methods, techniques and complexity of attacks. We have been, and likely will continue to be, subject to such cyber-attacks. Also, the same cyber security issues exist for the third parties with whom we interact and share information, and cyber-attacks on third parties which possess or use our customer, personnel and other information could adversely impact us in the same way as would a direct cyber-attack on us.

While we have not incurred any material adverse impact on our operations or financial results as a result of a cyber-attack, there is no guarantee that cyber-attacks have not gone generally undetected or without general recognition of magnitude or will not occur in the future, any of which could materially adversely affect our brands, reputation, costs and profitability.

Additionally, the legal and regulatory environment surrounding information security and privacy in the U.S. and international jurisdictions is constantly evolving. For example, in the U.S., California enacted the California Consumer Privacy Act of 2018 (“CCPA”), which became effective on January 1, 2020. The CCPA provides to California consumers certain new access, deletion and opt-out rights related to their personal information, imposes civil penalties for violations and affords, in certain cases, a private right of action for data breaches. The CCPA was amended in November 2020 with passage of the California Privacy Rights Act (“CPRA”) ballot initiative, adding further consumer rights and compliance obligations. Complying with the CCPA has increased our compliance cost and compliance with additional provisions of CCPA and CPRA that will take effect in 2023 could increase these costs further. Similar legislation has been proposed or adopted in other states (for example, the Virginia Consumer Data Protection Act that is also going into effect in 2023). Aspects of the CCPA and these other state laws and regulations, as well as their enforcement, remain unclear, and we may be required to modify our practices in an effort to comply with them. Moreover, foreign data protection, privacy, consumer protection, content regulation and other laws and regulations are often more restrictive or burdensome than those in the United States. For example, the European Union (“E.U.”)
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General Data Protection Regulation (“GDPR”) imposes significant obligations to businesses that sell products or services to E.U. customers or otherwise control or process personal data of E.U. residents. Complying with GDPR caused us to update certain business practices and systems and incur costs related to continued compliance with GDPR and other international laws and regulations. In addition, should we violate or not comply with the CCPA, GDPR or any other applicable laws or regulations, contractual requirements relating to data security and privacy, or with our own privacy and security policies, either intentionally or unintentionally, or through the acts of intermediaries, it could have a material adverse effect on our brands, marketing, reputation, business, financial condition and results of operations, as well as subject us to significant fines, litigation, losses, third-party damages and other liabilities.

Our information technology infrastructure, including but not limited to our, and our third-party service providers’, information systems and legacy proprietary online reservation and management systems, has been and will likely continue to be vulnerable to system failures such as server malfunction or software or hardware failures, computer hacking, phishing attacks, user error, cyber-terrorism, loss of data, computer viruses, ransomware and malware installation, and other intentional or unintentional interference, negligence, fraud, misuse and other unauthorized attempts to access or interfere with these systems and our personal and proprietary information. In addition, as we continue to transition from our legacy systems to new, cloud-based technologies, we may continue to face start-up issues that may negatively impact guests. The increased scope and complexity of our information technology infrastructure and systems could contribute to the risk of future material security breaches or breakdowns, any of which could have a material adverse impact on our business, brands, reputation and results of operations.

Acquisitions, dispositions and other strategic transactions may not prove successful and could result in operating difficulties.
We regularly consider a wide array of acquisitions and other potential strategic transactions, including acquisitions of businesses and real property, joint ventures, business combinations, strategic investments and dispositions. Any of these transactions could be material to our business. We often compete for these opportunities with third parties, which may cause us to lose potential opportunities or to pay more than we may otherwise have paid absent such competition. We cannot assure you that we will be able to identify and consummate strategic transactions and opportunities on favorable terms or that any such
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strategic transactions or opportunities, if consummated, will be successful. Assimilating any strategic transactions may also create unforeseen operating difficulties and costs.

On May 9, 2018, we completed the sale of our European vacation rentals business and, on October 22, 2019, we completed the sale of our North American vacation rentals business. Dispositions of businesses, such as our European and North American vacation rentals transactions, pose risks and challenges that could negatively impact our business, including costs or disputes with buyers. Dispositions may also involve continued financial involvement, as we may be required to retain responsibility for, or agree to indemnify buyers against, credit support obligations, contingent liabilities related to a divested business, such as lawsuits, tax liabilities, or other matters. Under these types of arrangements, performance by the divested business or other conditions outside of our control could affect our financial condition or results of operations. See Note 29—Transactions with Former Parent and Former Subsidiaries to the Consolidated Financial Statements for a description of our obligations related to the European vacation rentals business and the North American vacation rentals business and Note 7—Held-for-Sale Business to the Consolidated Financial Statements for more details on the North American vacation rentals transaction, both of which are included in Part II, Item 8 of this Annual Report on Form 10-K.transaction.

On August 7, 2019, we completed the acquisition of Alliance Reservations Network, a company that provides private-label travel booking technology solutions, and on January 5, 2021, we completed the acquisition of the Travel + Leisure brand of Meredith, as described above in this Item 1A under “We may not be able to achieve the objectives of our acquisition of the Travel + Leisure brand or the future prospects and plans for the Company”.Meredith. Acquisitions of businesses, such as the ARN transaction, could result in potentially dilutive issuances of equity securities and/or the assumption of contingent liabilities. See Note 32—Subsequent Events and Note 5—Acquisitions to the Consolidated Financial Statements both of which are included in Part II, Item 8 of this Annual Report on Form 10-K for a description of the consideration paid in connection with the acquisition of the Travel + Leisure brand from Meredith, and the consideration paid, including the amount of shares of our common stock issued, in connection with the ARN transaction.these acquisitions.

Acquisitions may also be structured in such a way that we will be assuming unknown or undisclosed liabilities or obligations or we may incur unanticipated costs or expenses following the acquisition, including post-closing asset impairment charges, expenses associated with eliminating duplicate facilities, reductions in personnel, unexpected penalties or enforcement actions, and other liabilities. Moreover, we may be unable to efficiently integrate acquisitions, management attention and other resources may be diverted away from other potentially more profitable areas of our business and in some cases these acquisitions may turn out to be less compatible with our growth and operational strategy than originally anticipated. The success of our acquisitions is also subject to other risks, including, among others:

failure to realize expected technological and product synergies, economies of scale and cost reductions;
unforeseen expenses, delays or conditions related to the acquisitions, including those due to regulations;
adverse effects on existing business relationships with customers, partners, employees or suppliers;
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risks associated with entering into markets in which we have limited or no prior experience, including less visibility into demand;
inaccurate assumptions regarding the acquired business or integration process;
financial and operational results that may differ materially from our assumptions and forecasts;
unforeseen difficulties that may arise in integrating operations, processes and systems;
higher than expected investments that may be required to implement necessary compliance processes and related systems, including information technology systems, accounting systems and internal control over financial reporting;
failure to retain, motivate and integrate any key management and other employees of the acquired business;
higher than expected costs or other impacts resulting from unforeseen changes in tax, trade, environmental or other regulations in jurisdictions in which the acquired business conducts its operations; and
issues with retaining customers and integrating customer bases.

Many of these factors are outside of our control and any one of them could result in increased costs, decreases in the amount of expected revenues, and diversion of management’s time and attention. Furthermore, we may not realize the degree or timing of benefits we anticipate when we first enter into these transactions. Failure to successfully execute these transactions and integrate acquired businesses could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition, results of operations, and cash flows.

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Our revenues are highly dependent on the health of the travel industry and declines in or disruptions to the travel industry such as those caused by economic conditions, terrorism or acts of gun violence, political strife, severe weather events and other natural disasters, war, and pandemics may adversely affect us.
Declines in or disruptions to the travel industry mayhave in the past adversely impacted us and any future declines or disruptions are also likely to adversely impact us. Risks affecting the travel industry can be localized events or global in nature and timeshare industries include: economic slowdown and recession; economic factors such as increased costs of living and reduced discretionary income adversely impacting decisions by consumers and businesses to use and consume travel services and products; terrorist incidents and threats and associated heightened travel security measures; acts of gun violence or threats thereof; political and regional strife; natural disasters such as earthquakes, hurricanes, fires, floods and volcano eruptions; war; concerns with, and increased governmental regulations in response to, pandemics, contagious diseases or health epidemics;epidemics such as the continuing COVID-19 pandemic; environmental disasters; lengthy power outages; increased pricing, financial instability and capacity constraints of air carriers; airline job actions and strikes; and increases in gasoline and other fuel prices. Further, there

There has also been public discussion that climate change may beis associated with extreme weather conditions and other natural disasters, such as increased frequency and severity of storms and floods, coastal erosion and flooding due to higher sea levels, increased temperatures, at winter destinationsincreased forest fires, and other factors that may adversely impact the accessibility or desirability of travel to certain locations, and any regulationlocations. Additionally, increased regulations related to climate change could have an adverse impact on the leisure travel industry generally.

Any suchof the foregoing disruptions to the travel or timeshare industries maywould likely adversely affect our affiliated resorts, our RCI affiliates and other developers of vacation ownership resorts and timeshare property owner associations, and our new business extensions, thereby impacting our operations and the trading price of our common stock. Further, Travel + Leisure Co. develops and manages resort properties throughout the world, a portion of which are in areas with greater exposure to the adverse effects of severe weather events and other natural disasters associated with climate change due to their location in coastal areas or states where wildfires are common, which could cause such resorts to suffer greater adverse effects from those events than the leisure travel industry faces in general.

For risks related to the COVID-19 pandemic, see “Risks Related to the COVID-19 Pandemic.

We are subject to numerous business, financial, operating and other risks common to the travel andindustry, including timeshare, industries, any of which could reduce our revenues and our ability to make distributions and limit opportunities for growth.
Our business is subject to numerous business, financial, operating and other risks common to the travel and timeshare industries,industry, including adverse changes with respect to any of the following:
consumer travel and vacation patterns and consumer preferences;
increased or unanticipated operating costs, including as a result of inflation, inflation;
energy costs, labor shortages, including such shortages as have occurred during the COVID-19 pandemic, and labor costs such as minimum wage increases and unionization, workers' compensation and health-care related costs and insurance which may not be fully offset by price or fee increases in our business or otherwise;
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product and supply chain disruptions, such as have occurred during the COVID-19 pandemic;
desirability of geographic regions where resorts in or affiliated with our businessbusinesses are located;
the supply and demand for vacation ownership products and services, exchange services and products, and exchangetravel subscription services and products;
seasonality in our businesses, which may cause fluctuations in our operating results;
geographic concentrations of our operations and customers;
the availability of acceptable financing and the cost of capital as they apply to us, our customers, our RCI affiliates and other developers of vacation ownership resorts and timeshare property owner associations;
the quality of the services provided by affiliated resorts and properties in our exchange business or resorts in which we sell VOIs or by participants in the Wyndham Rewards loyalty program, which may adversely affect our image, reputation and brand value;
overbuilding or excess capacity in one or more segments of the timeshare industry or in one or more geographic regions;
our ability to conduct tours of our properties and generate new owners, both of which has beenwere significantly reduced during the continuance of the COVID-19 pandemic;
our ability to accurately plan for or estimate future timeshare inventory needs, which was adversely impacted by the effect of COVID-19 on vacation ownership tours and VOI sales, and balance our supply of new and existing timeshare properties with consumer demand for those properties;
success of any actions we may take in seeking to increase our vacation ownership contract receivables portfolio, which was adversely impacted by the effect of COVID-19 on vacation ownership tours and VOI sales;
success of any actions we may take to increase our exchange membership levels, which were adversely impacted by the effect of COVID-19 on VOI sales;
our ability to develop and maintain positive relations and contractual arrangements with VOI owners, current and potential vacation exchange members, resorts with units that are exchanged through our exchange business and timeshare property owner associations;
organized labor activities and associated litigation;
the bankruptcy or insolvency of customers or other adverse economic factors impacting the financial health of customers, which has impaired and could continue to impair our ability to collect outstanding fees or other amounts due or otherwise exercise our contractual rights;
our effectiveness in keeping pace with technological developments, including with respect to social media platforms, as well as any failure to upgrade our technology infrastructure to meet changing customer interfacing needs, which could impair our competitive position;
our ability to grow the membership base of our businesses;
our ability to offer acceptable customer pricing for products and services;
our ability to identify and obtain industry specific talent (including digital, sales, marketing, and operational leadership skills) to execute our growth strategy;
disruptions, including non-renewal or termination of agreements, in relationships with third parties including marketing alliances and affiliations with e-commerce channels;
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owners or other developers that have development advance notes with us, or who have received loans or other financial arrangements incentives from us, who have experienced and may continue to experience financial difficulties;
consolidation of developers could adversely affect our exchange business;
decrease in the supply of available exchange accommodations due to, among other reasons, a decrease in inventory included in the system or resulting from ongoing property renovations or a decrease in member deposits could adversely affect our exchange business;
decrease in or delays or cancellations of planned or future development or refurbishment projects, such as have occurred during the continuance of the COVID-19 pandemic;
the viability of property owners' associations that we manage and the maintenance and refurbishment of vacation ownership properties, which depend on property owners associations levying sufficient maintenance fees and the ability of members to pay such maintenance fees, particularly in times of economic downturn such as caused by the COVID-19 pandemic;
impact of existing or future inflation;
increases in maintenance fees, which could cause our product to become less attractive or less competitive;
our ability to securitize the receivables that we originate in connection with sales of VOIs;
defaults or delinquencies on loans to purchasers of VOIs who finance the purchase price of such vacation ownerships, which generally increase in times of economic downturn such as during the COVID-19 pandemic;
the level of unlawful or deceptive third-party VOI resale schemes, which could damage our reputation and brand value;
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the availability of and competition for desirable sites for the development of vacation ownership properties, difficulties associated with obtaining required approvals to develop vacation ownership properties, liability under state and local laws with respect to any construction defects in the vacation ownership properties we develop, and risks related to real estate project development costs and completion;
private resale of VOIs and the sale of VOIs on the secondary market, which could adversely affect our vacation ownership resorts and exchange business;
disputes with owners of VOIs, property owners associations, and vacation exchange affiliation partners, which may result in litigation and the loss of management contracts;
laws, regulations and legislation internationally and domestically, and on a federal, state or local level, concerning the timeshareleisure travel industry, which may make the operation of our business more onerous, more expensive or less profitable;
our failure or inability to adequately protect and maintain our trademarks and other intellectual property rights; and
market perception of the timeshare industry and negative publicity from online social media postings and related media reports, which could damage our brands.

Any of these factors could increase our costs, reduce our revenues or otherwise adversely impact our opportunities for growth.

Third-party Internet reservation systems and peer-to-peer online networks may adversely impact us.
Consumers increasingly use third-party internet travel intermediaries and peer-to-peer online networks to search for and book their lodging accommodations. As the percentage of internet reservations increases, travel intermediaries may be able to obtain higher commissions and reduced room rates from us to the detriment of our business. Additionally, such travel intermediaries may divert reservations away from our direct online channels or increase the overall cost of internet reservations for our affiliated resorts through their fees. As the use of these third-party reservation channels and peer-to-peer online networks increases, consumers may rely on these channels, adversely affecting our vacation ownership and vacation exchange brands, travel subscription businesses, reservation systems, bookings and rates.

We are subject to risks related to our vacation ownership receivables portfolio.
We are subject to risks that purchasers of VOIs who finance a portion of the purchase price default or otherwise delay payments on their loans due to adverse macro or personal economic conditions, third-party organizations that encourage defaults, or otherwise, which necessitates increases in loan loss reserves and adversely affects loan portfolio performance. When such defaults or delinquencies occur during the early part of the loan amortization period, we may not have recovered the marketing, selling, administrative and other costs associated with such VOIs. Additional costs are incurred in connection with the resale of
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repossessed VOIs, and the value we recover in a resale is not in all instances sufficient to cover the outstanding debt on the defaulted loan.

During 2020, in response to the COVID-19 pandemic, we initiated a program permitting our owners to defer payment on their receivables to us in order to provide financial assistance to these owners during a period of unprecedented economic insecurity. While a majority of owners who participated in this deferral program resumed normal payments to us, not all owners have resumed normal payment schedules, and financial difficulties of owners and customers arising from the continuation of the COVID-19 pandemic could result in increased payment defaults and delinquencies both during the continuation of, and following, the COVID-19 pandemic.

Also during 2020, in response to COVID-19, we substantially increased our loan loss allowance on our vacation ownership receivables portfolio. In the future, we could have to increase our loan loss allowance above average historic levels again, whether due to COVID-19 or other unexpected causes.

Our international operations are subject to additional risks not generally applicable to our domestic operations.
Our international operations are subject to numerous risks, including exposure to local economic conditions; potential adverse changes in the diplomatic relations of foreign countries with the U.S.; hostility from local populations; political instability; threats or acts of war, hostilities, or terrorism; the effect of disruptions caused by severe weather, natural disasters, outbreak of disease or other events that make travel to a particular region less attractive or more difficult; the presence and acceptance of varying levels of business corruption in international markets and the effect of various anti-corruption and other laws; restrictions and taxes on the withdrawal of foreign investment and earnings; government policies against businesses or properties owned by non-U.S. citizens; investment restrictions or requirements; diminished ability to legally enforce our contractual rights in foreign countries; forced nationalization of assets by local, state or national governments; foreign exchange restrictions; fluctuations in foreign currency exchange rates; conflicts between local laws and U.S. laws including laws that impact our rights to protect our intellectual property; withholding and other taxes on remittances and other payments by subsidiaries; and changes in and application of foreign taxation structures including value added taxes. Any of these risks or any adverse outcome resulting from the financial instability or performance of foreign economies, the instability of other currencies
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and the related volatility on foreign exchange and interest rates, could impact our results of operations, financial position or cash flows.

For risks related to the global COVID-19 pandemic, see “Risks Related to the COVID-19 Pandemic.”

Changes in U.S. federal, state and local or foreign tax law, interpretations of existing tax law, or adverse determinations by tax authorities, could increase our tax burden or otherwise adversely affect our financial condition or results of operations.
We are subject to taxation at the federal, state and local levels in the U.S. and various other countries and jurisdictions. Our future effective tax rate and future cash flows could be affected by changes in the composition of earnings in jurisdictions with differing tax rates, changes in statutory rates and other legislative changes, including as a result of the change in the U.S. presidential administration, changes in the valuation of our deferred tax assets and liabilities, changes in determinations regarding the jurisdictions in which we are subject to tax, and our ability to repatriate earnings from foreign jurisdictions. From time to time, U.S. federal, state and local and foreign governments make substantive changes to tax rules and their application, and which are being contemplated in the U.S. and certain other countries, and which could result in materially higher corporate taxes than would be incurred under existing tax law and could otherwise adversely affect our financial condition or results of operations. This includes potential changes in tax laws or the interpretation of tax laws arising out of the Base Erosion Profit Shifting project initiated by the Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development.

We are subject to ongoing and periodic tax audits and disputes in U.S. federal and various state, local and foreign jurisdictions. An unfavorable outcome from any tax audit could result in higher tax costs, penalties and interest, thereby adversely affecting our financial condition or results of operations.

We are subject to certain risks related to our indebtedness, hedging transactions, securitization of certain of our assets, surety bond requirements, the cost and availability of capital and the extension of credit by us.
We are a borrower of funds under credit facilities, credit lines, senior notes, aand term loan and securitization financings. We use financial instruments to reduce or hedge our financial exposure to the effects of currency and interest rate fluctuations.fluctuations from time to time. We are required to post surety bonds in connection with our development and sales activities. In connection with our debt obligations, hedging transactions, securitization of certain of our assets, surety bond requirements, the cost and availability of capital and the extension of credit by us, we are subject to numerous risks, including:
our cash flows from operations or available lines of credit may be insufficient to meet required payments of principal and interest, which could result in a default and acceleration of the underlying debt and other debt instruments that contain cross-default provisions;
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we may be unable to comply with the terms of the financial covenants under our revolving credit facility or other debt agreements, including a breach of the financial ratio tests, which could result in a default and acceleration of the underlying revolver debt and under other debt instruments that contain cross-default provisions;
our leverage may adversely affect our ability to obtain additional financing on favorable terms or at all;
our leverage may require the dedication of a significant portion of our cash flows to the payment of principal and interest thus reducing the availability of cash flows to fund working capital, capital expenditures, dividends, share repurchases or other operating needs;
a minimum liquidity covenant under our amended credit agreement is impacted by 50% of the amount of aggregate dividends paid after the July 2020 effective date of the amended credit agreement, which covenant will affect the amount of dividends, if any, we declare and pay to our shareholders;
increases in interest rates may adversely affect our financing costs and the costs of our VOI financing and associated increases in hedging costs;
during the second quarter of 2020, Moody’s Investors Service, Inc. (“Moody’s”) downgraded our secured debt rating from Ba2 to Ba3 with a “negative outlook”, and our secured debt is rated BB- with a “negative outlook” by Standard & Poor’s Rating Services (“S&P”) and BB+ with a “negative outlook” by Fitch Rating Agency; negative ratings and/or downgrades of our debt by rating agencies could increase our borrowing costs and prevent us from obtaining additional financing on favorable terms or at all;all, such as when during the second quarter of 2020, Moody’s Investors Service, Inc. downgraded our secured debt rating from Ba2 to Ba3 with a “negative outlook;”
failure or non-performance of counterparties to foreign exchange and interest rate hedging transactions could result in losses;
an inability to securitize our vacation ownership loan receivables on terms acceptable to us because of, among other factors, the performance of the vacation ownership loan receivables, adverse conditions in the market for vacation ownership loan-backed notes and asset-backed notes in general, and the risk that the actual amount of uncollectible accounts on our securitized vacation ownership loan receivables and other credit we extend is greater than expected;
breach of portfolio performance triggers under securitization transactions which if violated may result in a disruption or loss of cash flow from such transactions;
a reduction in commitments from surety bond providers, which may impair our vacation ownership business by requiring us to escrow cash in order to meet regulatory requirements of certain states;
prohibitive or increased cost, or inadequate availability, of capital could restrict the development or acquisition of vacation ownership resorts by us and the financing of purchases of VOIs;
the inability of developers of vacation ownership properties that have received mezzanine and other loans from us to pay back such loans;
increases in interest rates, which would increase the cost of our existing variable rate debt and cost of our subsequent fixed rate debt, and which also may prevent us from passing along the full amount of such increases to purchasers of VOIs to whom we provide financing; and
increases in interest rates on consumer financing to VOI purchasers could diminish our VOI sales;
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disruptions in the financial markets, including potential financial uncertainties surrounding the United Kingdom’s withdrawal from the European Union, commonly referred to as “Brexit,” and the failure of financial institutions that support our credit facilities, general economic conditions and market liquidity factors outside of our control, which may limit our access to short- and long-term financing, credit and capital.

Changes in the method pursuant to which the LIBOR rates are determined and phasing out of LIBOR after 2021 may affect our financial results.
The chief executive of the United Kingdom Financial Conduct Authority (“FCA”), which regulates the London Interbank Offered Rate (“LIBOR”), previously announced that the FCA intends to stop compelling banks to submit rates for the calculation of LIBOR after 2021. In response, the Federal Reserve Board and the Federal Reserve Bank of New York organized the Alternative Reference Rates Committee which identified the Secured Overnight Financing Rate (“SOFR”) as its preferred alternative to USD-LIBOR in derivatives and other financial contracts. It is not possible to predict the effect of these changes, including when LIBOR will cease to be available or when there will bethe pace at which sufficient liquidity in the SOFR and the other alternative LIBOR replacement rate markets.markets will develop. During 2020,2021, the LIBOR rate administrator announced its intention to extend publication of LIBOR rates for most USD LIBOR tenors through June 30, 2023. Our intention is to address LIBOR fallback language in all of our debt agreements by the end of 2021.

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Currently, we have debt and derivative instruments in place that reference LIBOR-based rates. In the transition from the use of LIBOR to SOFR or other alternatives, the level of interest payments we incur under our debt agreements may change. In addition, although certain of our LIBOR based obligations provide for alternative methods of calculating the related interest rate payable (including transition to an alternative benchmark rate) if LIBOR is not reported, uncertainty as to the extent and manner of future changes may result in interest rates and/or payments that are higher than, lower than, or that do not otherwise correlate over time with the interest rates and/or payments that would have been made on our obligations if LIBOR was available in its current form.

We are subject to risks related to litigation.
We are subject to a number of claims and legal proceedings and the risk of future litigation as described in these Risk Factors and throughout this report and as may be updated in subsequent SEC filings from time to time, including, but not limited to, with respect to Cendant and the Spin-off. See further discussion in Note 20—Commitments and Contingencies to the Consolidated Financial Statements and Note 29—Transactions with Former Parent and Former Subsidiaries to the Consolidated Financial Statements, both included in Part II, Item 8 of this Annual Report on Form 10-K.Statements. We cannot predict with certainty the ultimate outcome or related damages and costs of litigation and other proceedings filed or asserted by or against us. Unfavorable rulings or outcomes in litigation and other proceedings may harm our business.

Our operations are subject to extensive regulation and the cost of compliance or failure to comply with such regulations may adversely affect us.
Our operations are regulated by federal, state and local governments in the countries in which we operate. In addition, U.S. and international, federal, state and local regulators may enact new laws and regulations that may reduce our revenues, cause our expenses to increase or require us to modify our business practices substantially. If we are not in compliance with applicable laws and regulations, including, among others, those governing timeshare (including required government registrations), consumer financings and other lending, information security, data protection and privacy (including the General Data Protection Regulation “GDPR”), credit card and payment card security standards, marketing, sales, consumer protection and advertising, unfair and deceptive trade practices, fraud, bribery and corruption, telemarketing (including do-not-call and call-recording regulations), licensing, labor, employment, anti-discrimination, health care, health and safety, accessibility, immigration, gaming, environmental (including climate change) and remediation, intellectual property, securities, stock exchange listing, accounting, tax and regulations applicable under the Dodd-Frank Act, Office of Foreign Asset Control, Americans with Disabilities Act, the Sherman Act, the Foreign Corrupt Practices Act and local equivalents in international jurisdictions, including the United Kingdom Bribery Act, we may be subject to regulatory investigations or actions, fines, civil and/or criminal penalties, injunctions and potential criminal prosecution. In the past, when we have been subjected to regulatory investigations, the amount of the fines involved were not material to our business, financial condition or results of operations. However, we cannot predict whether any future fines, penalties or other sanctions that regulators might seek to impose would materially adversely affect our business, financial condition or results of operations.

Failure to maintain the security of personally identifiable and proprietary information, non-compliance with our contractual obligations or other legal obligations regarding such information or a violation of our privacy and security policies with respect to such information could adversely affect us.

In connection with our business, we and our service providers collect and retain large volumes of certain types of personal and proprietary information pertaining to our guests, shareholders and employees. Such information includes, but is not limited to, large volumes of guest credit and payment card information, guest travel documents, other identification documents, account numbers and other personally identifiable information. We are subject to attack by cyber-criminals operating on a global basis attempting to gain access to such information, and the integrity and protection of that guest, shareholder and employee data is critical to us.

While we maintain what we believe are reasonable security controls over personal and proprietary information, including the personal information of guests, shareholders and employees, any breach of or breakdown in our systems that results in the theft, loss, fraudulent use or other unauthorized release of personal or proprietary information or other data could nevertheless occur and persist for an extended period of time without detection, which could have a material adverse effect on our brands, reputation, business, financial condition and results of operations, as well as subject us to significant regulatory actions and fines, litigation, losses, third-party damages and other liabilities. Such a breach or a breakdown could also materially increase our costs to protect such information and to protect against such risks. Our and our third-party service providers’ vulnerability to attack exists in relation to known and unknown threats. As a consequence, the security measures we deploy are not perfect or impenetrable, and despite our investment in and maintenance of such controls, we may be unable to anticipate or prevent all unauthorized access attempts made on our systems or those of our third-party service providers.

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Additionally, the legal and regulatory environment surrounding information security and privacy in the U.S. and international jurisdictions is constantly evolving. For example, in the U.S., California enacted the California Consumer Privacy Act of 2018 (“CCPA”), which became effective on January 1, 2020. The CCPA provides to California consumers certain new access, deletion and opt-out rights related to their personal information, imposes civil penalties for violations and affords, in certain cases, a private right of action for data breaches. Regulations implementing the CCPA continue to be under development. Complying with the CCPA could increase our compliance cost. Similar legislation has been proposed or adopted in other states. Aspects of the CCPA and these other state laws and regulations, as well as their enforcement, remain unclear, and we may be required to modify our practices in an effort to comply with them. Moreover, foreign data protection, privacy, consumer protection, content regulation and other laws and regulations are often more restrictive or burdensome than those in the United States. For example, the European Union (“E.U.”) GDPR imposes significant obligations to businesses that sell products or services to E.U. customers or otherwise control or process personal data of E.U. residents. Complying with GDPR caused us to update certain business practices and systems and incur costs related to continued compliance with GDPR and other international laws and regulations. In addition, should we violate or not comply with the CCPA, GDPR or any other applicable laws or regulations, contractual requirements relating to data security and privacy, or with our own privacy and security policies, either intentionally or unintentionally, or through the acts of intermediaries, it could have a material adverse effect on our brands, marketing, reputation, business, financial condition and results of operations, as well as subject us to significant fines, litigation, losses, third-party damages and other liabilities.

Our information technology infrastructure, including but not limited to our, and our third-party service providers’, information systems and legacy proprietary online reservation and management systems, has been and will likely continue to be vulnerable to system failures such as server malfunction or software or hardware failures, computer hacking, phishing attacks, user error, cyber-terrorism, loss of data, computer viruses and malware installation, and other intentional or unintentional interference, negligence, fraud, misuse and other unauthorized attempts to access or interfere with these systems and our personal and proprietary information. In addition, as we continue to transition from our legacy systems to new, cloud-based technologies, we may continue to face start-up issues that may negatively impact guests. The increased scope and complexity of our information technology infrastructure and systems could contribute to the potential risk of security breaches or breakdown.

The insurance we carry may not always pay, or be sufficient to pay or reimburse us, for our liabilities, losses or replacement costs.
We carry insurance for general liability, property, business interruption, cyber security, directors and officers (“D&O”), and other insurable risks with respect to our business operations. We also self-insure for certain risks up to certain monetary limits. The terms and conditions or the amounts of coverage of our insurance may not at all times be sufficient to pay or reimburse us for the amount of our liabilities, losses or replacement costs, and there may also be risks for which we do not obtain insurance
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in the full amount or at all concerning a potential loss or liability, due to the cost or availability of such insurance. As a result, we may incur liabilities or losses in the operation of our business that are substantial which are not sufficiently covered by the insurance we maintain, or at all, which could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition and results of operations. Following the significant casualty losses incurred by the insurance industry due to hurricanes, fires, cyber security breaches and other events, property, cyber security and D&O insurance costs have beenincreased and in the future may be higher, and availability may be lower, in future periods, particularly in certain geographies. In addition, the effects of climate change, such as increased storm intensity and rising sea levels, may also increase the cost and decrease the available coverage levels of property insurance.

We rely on information technologies and systems to operate our business, which involves reliance on third-party service providers and on uninterrupted operation of service facilities.
We rely on information technologies and systems to operate our business, which involves reliance on third-party service providers and on uninterrupted operation of service facilities, including those used for our travel subscription businesses, reservation systems, payments systems, vacation exchange systems, property management, communications, procurement, member record databases, call centers, operation of our loyalty programs and administrative systems. We also maintain physical facilities to support these systems and related services. Any natural disaster, cyberattack, disruption or other impairment in our technology capabilities and service facilities or those of our third-party service providers could result in denial or interruption of service, financial losses, customer claims, litigation or damage to our reputation, or otherwise harm our business.business and financial results. In addition, any failure of our ability to provide our reservation systems, as a result of failures related to us or our third-party providers, may deter prospective resort owners from entering into agreements with us, and may expose us to liability from other parties with whom we have contracted to provide reservation services. Similarly, failure to keep pace with developments in technology, including continuing upgrades to our technology system which interface with customers, which is a significant part of our business, could impair our operations, orfinancial results and competitive position. Any failure of our business continuity planning as to any of these matters could have a material adverse impact on our business, brand and financial results.

The growth of our business and the execution of our business strategies depend on the services of our senior management and our associates.
We believe that our business success and future growth depends, in part, on the continued services of our senior management team, including our President and Chief Executive Officer, Michael D. Brown, and on our ability to successfully implement succession plans for
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members of our senior management team. The loss of any members of our senior management team, or the failure to identify successors for such positions, could adversely affect our strategic growth, new business extensions and customer relationships and impede our ability to execute our business strategies. In addition, insufficient numbers of talented associates could constrain our ability to maintain and expand our business. We compete with other companies both within and outside of our industry for talented personnel. If we cannot recruit, train, develop or retain sufficient numbers of talented associates, we could experience increased associate turnover, decreased guest satisfaction, low morale, inefficiency, or internal control failures.

We are subject to risks related to corporate social responsibility.
Many factors influence our reputation and the value of our brands including the perception held by our customers and other key stakeholders and the communities in which we do business. Our business faces increasing scrutiny related to environmental, social and governance activities and risk of damage to our reputation and the value of our brands if we fail to act responsibly or comply with regulatory requirements in a number of areas, such as business ethics and compliance, safety and security, responsible tourism, public health, environmental stewardship and sustainability, supply chain management, climate change, diversity, human rights and modern slavery, philanthropy and support for local communities.

We have publicly stated our goals related to environmental sustainability, which include reducing our water intensity and carbon emissions and increasing our renewable energy consumption. We may also take additional actions related to climate change and environmental sustainability voluntarily or in response to increased regulations in the future that would materially increase the costs to develop and operate our resorts, which could have an adverse impact on our profitability even though such actions may be necessary to increase the long term sustainability of our business.

Current and future international operations expose us to additional challenges and risks that may not be inherent in operating solely in the U.S. due to different social or cultural norms and practices that are not customary in the U.S., distance and language, including, but not limited to, our ability to sell products and services, enforce intellectual property rights and staff and manage operations.

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We are responsible for certain of Cendant's contingent and other corporate liabilities.
Under the separation agreement and the tax sharing agreement that we executed with Cendant (now Avis Budget Group) and former Cendant units, Realogy and Travelport, Travel + LeisureWyndham Worldwide Corporation and Realogy generally arewere responsible for 37.5% and 62.5% of certain of Cendant'sCendant’s contingent and other corporate liabilities and associated costs including certain contingent and other corporate liabilities of Cendant or its subsidiaries to the extent incurred on or prior to August 23, 2006. As a result of the completion of the Spin-off, Wyndham Hotels agreed to retain one-third of Cendant’s contingent and other corporate liabilities and associated costs; therefore, we are responsible for 25% of these liabilities and costs subsequent to the Spin-off. These liabilities include those relating to certain of Cendant'sCendant’s terminated or divested businesses, the Travelport sale, certain Cendant- relatedCendant-related litigation, actions with respect to the separation plan and payments under certain contracts that were not allocated to any specific party in connection with the separation.

If any party responsible for the liabilities described above were to default on its obligations, each non-defaulting party would be required to pay an equal portion of the amounts in default. Accordingly, we could under certain circumstances be obligated to pay amounts in excess of our share of the assumed obligations related to such liabilities including associated costs.

We may incur impairment charges related to the fair value of our assets.
Changes to estimates or projections used to assess the fair value of our assets or operating results that are lower than our current estimates may cause us to incur impairment losses and require us to write-off all or a portion of the remaining value of our goodwill or other intangibles of companies we have acquired.

Our total assets include goodwill and other intangible assets. We evaluate our goodwill for impairment on an annual basis or at other times during the year if events or circumstances indicate that it is more likely than not that the fair value is below the carrying value. We may be required to record a significant non-cash impairment charge in our financial statements during the period in which any impairment of our goodwill, other intangible assets or other assets is determined, negatively impacting our results of operations and shareholders' equity.

In 2020, we recorded $56 million of asset impairment charges, primarily associated with the impact of COVID-19 on our business.business, $6 million of which was subsequently reversed in 2021. With the COVID-19 pandemic continuing to impact the U.S. and global economy and our business, we cannot assure that these charges will be adequate in response to these unprecedented events or that additional asset impairment charges may not be required in the future related to COVID-19 concerns or events or otherwise.

Risks Related to the COVID-19 Pandemic
The global outbreak of COVID-19 pandemic has significantly negatively affected our operations and may significantly negatively affect our future business, financial condition and results of operations.
The global outbreak of COVID-19 pandemic has led and will likely continue to lead, tosignificant disruptions in the global and U.S. economy, in the timeshare and leisure travel industriesindustry and in our business. TourismThe extent and travel-related industries continueduration of the ongoing negative effects of COVID-19 continues to
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face significant disruption be impacted by uncertainty as the pandemic continues to evolve. As a result, the economic recovery, the recovery of our business, the COVID-19 pandemic, as the U.S. government and individual states and local jurisdictions as well as foreign countries have taken, and in light of the continuing COVID-19 pandemic, will likely continue to take, actions to curb the spread of COVID-19, including encouraging or mandating social distancing and quarantines, mandating certain business closures, limiting the number of individuals that may gather in one location and implementing travel restrictions. COVID-19 has also caused, and will likely continue to cause, volatility in the equity marketsmarket for our common stock and the capital markets generally.generally remain volatile. See “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations—Impact of COVID-19 on our Business” for more information.

Our business has been significantly negatively affected by COVID-19. In response to COVID-19, we temporarily closed our resorts in mid-March 2020 across the globe and suspended our vacation ownership sales and marketing operations. Our temporary resort and sales center closures led to significant declines in our VOI sales during this closure period. We also experienced an increase in cancellations and a decrease in bookings for our travel and membership business. As a result of these closures, we reduced our workforce and furloughed or laid off approximately 9,000 employees in March 2020, and an additional 1,400 employees during the remainder of the year. Given the magnitude of these events, our revenues were negatively impacted and we incurred $385 million of charges directly related to COVID-19 during the year ended December 31, 2020. As of December 31, 2020, we had reopened 81% of our resorts and the majority of these resorts have re-opened to full capacity following local health guidelines. Approximately 5,300 employees remained laid off or furloughed at December 31, 2020. We have reopened 86% of our sales offices; however, revenue has not returned to pre-COVID-19 levels. While the levels of restrictions on operations imposed by governmental authorities have reduced in most locations, there is continued uncertainty regarding restrictions going forward, which could cause additional resort and sales center closures or other restrictions or interruptions, increases in cancellations or reduction in bookings and reluctance of customers to travel.

The duration of the COVID-19 pandemic and its impact on our resort and sales centers and our ability to implement our growth strategy is uncertain, as the impact and duration of the COVID-19 outbreak continues to evolve. Continued closure and/or reclosure of resorts and sales centers could result in additional COVID-19 charges, including idle pay for certain sales and marketing employees, and could result in potential further impairment of assets. If the impact of COVID-19 continues or worsens, our revenues will continue to be negatively impacted.

The actions we have taken to reduce operating costs and improve efficiency, including the layoff and furloughing of a substantial number of our employees and further changes we may make in the future to reduce costs, have caused and may continue to cause us to experience operational challenges, including as a result of furloughed employees not returning to employment because they have obtained alternative employment or otherwise, and may negatively impact our ability to attract and retain associates, our reputation and market share. In addition, the increase in the number of our employees working remotely has increased certain risks to our business, including increased demand on our information technology resources and systems, greater potential for phishing and other cybersecurity attacks, and an increase in the number of points of potential attack, and any failure to effectively manage these risks and to timely identify and respond to any cyberattacks may adversely affect our business. The pandemic may also have long-term effects on the nature of the office environment and remote working, which may present operational challenges that could adversely affect our business. Working remotely has caused strain for,culture and may adversely impact the productivity of, certain employees, which conditions, if prolonged, could harm our business. Additionally, effortsOur corporate associates have been predominately working remotely since March 2020. We plan to re-openreopen our corporate offices safelyin 2022 and adopt a hybrid work environment in which many corporate associates will work both in the office and remotely on an ongoing basis. The re-opening of our offices may not be successful and could expose our personnel to health risks and will involve additional financial burdens.

In addition, increases in unemployment due to COVID-19 as well as decreases in consumer confidence and the continuation of the measures implemented to contain the spread of the virus may continue to negatively impact our VOI owners’ ability to repay their contract receivables. If unemployment rates increase and/or our collection experience for our vacation ownership contract receivables (“VOCRs”) declines more than we estimated, we may need to further increase our allowance for loan losses for VOCRs. The additional $205 million allowance recorded during the year ended December 31, 2020, provided our estimated impact of a prolonged recession, but we cannot assure that additional charges may not be required in the future.

There remains significant uncertainty concerning the current and future impact of the pandemicCOVID-19 on the U.S. and global economy, consumer confidence, the leisure travel the timeshare industry and our business. Some of these uncertainties and risks may include the following:
resurgences, continued high rates of infection and increasedhospitalization, and continued high death rates related to COVID-19, including in regions and locations where we have a significant number of resorts;
uncertainty regarding the ongoing lengthU.S. and severity of theglobal economic downturnimpact caused by the continuation of COVID-19;
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changes in federal, state and localgovernmental policies, rules and regulations which could change or otherwise impact our safety protocols and measures intended to protect our owners, guests, and team members;
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continued significant governmental restrictions on and recommendations and warnings against travel in certain regions, including in or to areas or locations where we have a significant number of resorts, as well as between the U.S. and other countries, including restrictions placed by foreign governments on U.S. citizens traveling to their countries;
continued closures and/or curtailmentlimitations on the number of operationsindividuals that may gather in one location at many popular tourist and entertainment center destinations, reducing the demand for leisure travel;
our inability to predict the length of time it will take for all of our properties to return to normal operations;
leisure travel may take longer to recover than expected, and we may see lower VOI sales or reductions in bookings, even after the risks associated with the pandemic decrease to acceptable levels, due to changing behavior of individuals and decrease in willingness to travel and stay at resorts, timeshares and other lodging facilities dueor reluctance to the pandemic, which may continue beyond when global health and safety conditions improve and vaccines become generally available;engage in discretionary spending or otherwise;
whether the steps we have taken, and in the future may continue to take, to reduce our operating costs and improve operating efficiencies, including furloughs and headcountour ongoing operating cost reductions implemented in 2020, may negatively impact our ability to attract and retain associates, the image of our brands and market share, sales of VOIs, and our near-term and long-term financial results;
our inability to predictvirtual tours and tele sales activities increased since the length of time it will take for our properties to return to normal operations;
whether certainstart of the operating practicespandemic and efficienciesmay not be as successful as we have adopted in response to the pandemic, such as virtual tours, will be successfulexpect during the continuance of the pandemic or thereafter;
our in-person tours materially decreased during 2020 and we expect will continue to be at depressed levels into 2021,thereafter, and our VOI sales can be expected to be negatively impacted until in-person tours return to normal levels;
we reduced project inventory and capital expenditures in 2020 in response to the pandemic, which may adversely impact future revenues;
average number of exchange members in our Travel and Membership segment wasis down significantly in 2020,as a result of the pandemic, and we expect this trend to continue into 2021;2022;
we raised FICO requirements for new owners,have elected not to reopen certain sales offices which is expected to strengthen our portfolio butwere closed as a result of the pandemic, which may adversely impact VOI sales;sales and exchange memberships;
continuedthe U.S. has experienced significant labor shortages, which has impacted most industries including the leisure travel industry and our business;
unemployment rates increased sharply in 2020 to record high levels as a result of the COVID-19 pandemic and, although as of December 31, 2021, unemployment rates had recovered to near pre-pandemic levels, resulting from the pandemicvolatility in unemployment may continue to impact consumer confidence and leisure travel;
leisure travel may take longer to recover than expected following a return to normalcy,generally, and we may see increases in cancellations or reductions in bookings, even after all government restrictionsnegatively impact our financial condition and recommendations are no longer in effect, the risks associated with the pandemic decrease and vaccines become generally available, due to reluctance to engage in discretionary spending or otherwise;
our telesales activities during the continuanceresults of the pandemic may not be as successful as we expect;operations;
owner defaults, delinquencies and payment delays may increase if the U.S. and global economies and consumer confidence do not rebound to pre-pandemic levels;levels or remain volatile;
there is no assurance that, post-pandemic, owner upgrades will return to levels which existed pre-pandemic;
our urban resort locations may be slower to recover to pre-pandemic levels than resorts in other locations;
potential cases of infection and transmission at our resorts despite the implementation of our safety measure efforts, which would be disruptive and may lead to exposure to assertions of liability; and
other actions we have taken or may take, or decisions we have made or may make, as a consequence of the COVID-19 pandemic that may result in investigations, legal claims (regardless of merit) or litigation against us.

Each of these uncertainties, risks and events associated with the COVID-19 pandemic may cause a significantly negative impact on our future business and financial results, and we are unable to predict the full extent or nature of these impacts at this time. While we have made and continue to make efforts to mitigate the impacts of COVID-19, there can be no assurance that these efforts will be successful, and as a result, our future business, financial condition and results of operations may be significantly negatively impacted. The volatile conditions stemming from COVID-19, as well as reactions to future pandemics or resurgences of COVID-19, could also precipitate or aggravate the other risk factors that we identify in this Item 1A, which in turn could significantly negatively affect our business, financial condition, liquidity, results of operations (including revenues and profitability) and/or stock price. Further, COVID-19 may affect our operating and financial results in a manner that is not presently known to us or that we currently do not consider to present significantmaterial risks to our operations.

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The COVID-19 pandemic has impacted and may continue to impact our credit facilities and securitization facilities.
Given a range of different scenarios related to the COVID-19 impact on our business, we expect to maintain adequate liquidity. However, theThe effects of COVID-19 may negatively affect our ability to comply with existing covenants under our debt agreements, increase our cost of capital or make additional capital more difficult to obtain or available only on terms less favorable to us, if at all. SubjectIn response to the provisionsimpact of COVID-19 on our business, on July 15, 2020, we entered into an amendment to the credit agreement governing our revolving credit facility and term loan B (the “First Amendment”), which among other changes, provided financial covenant flexibility and imposed certain restrictions during a relief period that commenced on July 15, 2020 and was scheduled to end on April 1, 2022 (the “Relief Period”). As a result of improved business conditions, on October 22, 2021, we entered into a second amendment to our credit agreement (“Credit Agreement(the “Second Amendment”), our secured revolving credit facility requires us to maintain a minimum interest coverage ratio of at least 2.5 to 1.0 as of the measurement date and a maximum first lien leverage ratio not to exceed 4.25 to 1.0 as of the measurement date. However, the Credit Agreement Amendment establishes a relief period with respect to our secured revolving credit facility, which began on July 15, 2020, and will last until the earlier of April 1, 2022, and the termination by us of the relief period, subject to certain conditions (“Relief Period”). The Credit Agreement Amendment increases the leverage-based financial covenant by varying levels for each applicable quarter duringamong other changes terminated the Relief Period in each case which represents an increase early. See 16—Debt to the existing leverage-based financial covenant of 4.25 to 1.0. As of December 31, 2020,Consolidated Financial Statements for additional information. However, the Credit Agreement Amendment increased the maximum first lien leverage ratio to 7.50 to 1.0. Following the Relief Period, the Credit Agreement Amendment re-establishes the existing leverage-based financial covenant of 4.25 to 1.0, tested on the basis of trailing 12-month consolidated EBITDA (as defined in the credit agreement). In addition, the Credit Agreement Amendment, among other things, increases the interest rate applicable to borrowings under our secured revolving credit facility based on our first lien leverage ratio in any quarter if it exceeds 4.25 to 1.0, until the end of the Relief Period; adds a new minimum liquidity covenant, tested quarterly until the end of the Relief Period, of (i) $250 million plus (ii) 50% of the aggregate amount of dividends paid after the Amendment Effective Date and on or prior to the last day of the relevant fiscal quarter and requires us to maintain an interest coverage ratio (as defined in the credit agreement) of not less than 2.00 to 1.0, which shall increase to 2.50 to 1.0 after the Relief Period, the level existing prior to the Amendment Effective Date. Finally, the Credit Agreement Amendment amends the definition of “Material Adverse Effect” in the credit agreement to take into consideration the COVID-19 pandemic during the Relief Period, to the extent disclosed prior to July 15, 2020, in our public filings and certain other specified materials. The continued impact of COVID-19 on our industry and business may impact our ability to maintain compliance with these
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our debt covenants in the future. If we fail to comply with our debt covenants, including as amended by the Credit Agreement Amendment during the Relief Period, the lenders under our secured revolving credit facility and term loan B, subject to our right to cure, would have the right to terminate and declare the outstanding loans to be immediately due and payable, and any such default could trigger a cross-default, acceleration or other consequences under other indebtedness or financial instruments to which we are a party. Any continued impact of COVID-19 on our industry and business will also lead to a higher first lien leverage ratio in the future.

The interest coverage ratio is calculated by dividing consolidated EBITDA (as definedCOVID-19 also temporarily impacted the asset-backed securities market in 2020, and thus impacted the credit agreement) by consolidated interest expense (as defined in the credit agreement), both as measured on a trailing 12-month basis preceding the measurement date.cost of issuing asset-backed securities. As of December 31, 2020, our interest coverage ratio was 3.0 to 1.0. The first lien leverage ratio is calculated by dividing consolidated first lien debt (as defined in the credit agreement) as of the measurement date by consolidated EBITDA (as defined in the credit agreement) as measured on a trailing 12-month basis preceding the measurement date. As of December 31, 2020, our first lien leverage ratio was 5.4 to 1.0. These ratios do not include interest expense or indebtedness related to any qualified securitization financing (as defined in the credit agreement). As of December 31, 2020, we were in compliance with all of the financial covenants described above. Under the credit agreement, if our first lien leverage ratio exceeds 4.25 to 1.0, the interest rate on revolver borrowings would increase, and we would be subject to higher fees associated with our letters of credit. Given the first lien leverage ratio at December 31, 2020 the interest rate on the revolver borrowings will increase 25 basis points effective March 1, 2021.

COVID-19 has also impacted the public asset-backed securities market, and thus impacts our ability to issue asset-backed securities. In April 2020, we successfully closed on a $325 million private securitization financing at a higher cost compared to transactions we have completed in the past, though it was favorable to similar transactions completed in the public market at that time. In August 2020, we successfully closed on a $575 million securitization financing at a similar cost compared to transactions we have completed in the past. The impact of COVID-19 on the financial markets may have an impact on the availability of this type of funding and other types of financing in the near term or longer term and terms for hospitality/travel-related companies may command a higher interest rate. The ongoing effects of COVID-19 on our operations could have a significant negative impact on our financial results, capital and liquidity, as well as our credit rating, and such negative impact could continue well beyond the containment of such outbreak.

As of December 31, 2020,2021, we had $690$698 million of availability under our asset-backed conduit facilities. Any further disruption to the asset-backed securities market could negatively impact our ability to obtain asset-backed financings or the terms of such financings. Our liquidity, as it relates to our VOCRsvacation ownership contract receivables (“VOCRs”) securitization program, could be adversely affected if we were to fail to renew or replace our conduit facilities on their expiration dates, or if a particular receivables pool were to fail to meet certain ratios, which could occur in certain instances if the default rates or other credit metrics of the underlying VOCRs deteriorate as a result of the COVID-19 crisis or otherwise. Our ability to sell securities backed by our VOCRs depends on the continued
36


ability and willingness of capital market participants to invest in such securities, which may be negatively affected by COVID-19 and its impact on economic conditions and the credit of our VOCRs pools.

In connection with the sale of our European vacation rentals business, Wyndham Hotels provided certain post-closing credit support in the form of guarantees. As part of this agreement Wyndham Hotels is required to maintain minimum credit ratings which increased to Ba1 for Moody’s and BB+ for S&P. In April 2020, S&P downgraded Wyndham Hotels’ credit rating from BB+ to BB. Although any ultimate exposure relative to indemnities retained from the European vacation rentals sale will be shared two-thirds by Travel + Leisure and one-third by Wyndham Hotels, as the selling entity, we are responsible for administering additional security to enhance corporate guarantees in the event either company falls below a certain credit rating threshold.

As a result of the Wyndham Hotels credit ratings downgrade, we posted £58 million surety bond and a £36 million letter of credit ($79 million and $48 million as of December 31, 2020) and we will maintain them until such time that either companies’ S&P and Moody’s credit rating improves to BB+/Ba1. In addition, as a result of Moody’s downgrading our credit rating from Ba2 to Ba3 in May 2020, the coupon rate on the 5.65% notes due 2024, the 6.60% notes due 2025, and the 6.00% notes due 2027 each increased by 25 basis points per annum, effective October 1, 2020. Since issuance, the interest rates on these notes have increased 150 basis points as of December 31, 2020, with the maximum potential additional increase at 50 basis points.

We utilize surety bonds in our vacation ownership business for sales and development transactions in order to meet regulatory requirements of certain states. The availability, terms and conditions and pricing of bonding capacity are dependent on, among other things, continued financial strength and stability of the insurance company affiliates providing the bonding capacity, general availability of such capacity and our corporate credit rating. As a result of COVID-19, we could see a reduction in commitments from our surety providers. Any such reduction in commitments or reduced availability of bonding capacity, or a negative change to the terms and conditions and pricing of the bonding capacity, may negatively impact our vacation ownership business.

Risks Related to the Spin-Off
The Spin-off and related transactions may expose us to potential liabilities arising out of state and federal fraudulent conveyance laws and legal distribution requirements.
While we did receive a solvency opinion from an investment bank confirming that we and Wyndham Hotels were adequately capitalized immediately after the Spin-off, the Spin-off could be challenged under various state and federal fraudulent conveyance laws. An unpaid creditor could claim that we did not receive fair consideration or reasonably equivalent value in the Spin-off, and that the Spin-off left us insolvent or with unreasonably small capital or that we intended or believed we would incur debts beyond our ability to pay such debts as they mature. If a court were to agree with such a plaintiff, then such court could void the Spin-off as a fraudulent transfer and could impose a number of different remedies, including without limitation, returning the assets or the shares of common stock in Wyndham Hotels being distributed as part of the Spin-off or providing us with a claim for money damages against the spun-off business in an amount equal to the difference between the consideration received by usTravel + Leisure Co. and the fair market value of Wyndham Hotels at the time of the Spin-off.

Following completion of the Spin-off, our success depends in part on our ongoing relationship with Wyndham Hotels.
In connection with the Spin-off, we entered into a number of agreements with Wyndham Hotels that govern the ongoing relationships between Wyndham Hotels and Travel + Leisure Co. following the Spin-off. Our success will depend,depends, in part, on the maintenance of these ongoing relationships with Wyndham Hotels as well as Wyndham Hotels’ performance of its obligations under these agreements. If we are unable to maintain a good relationship with Wyndham Hotels, or if Wyndham Hotels does not perform its obligations under these agreements, fails to protect the trademarks, trade names and intellectual property that we license from it or if these brands deteriorate or materially change in an adverse manner, or the reputation of these brands declines, our brand may be negatively affected, our profitability and revenues could decrease and our growth potential may be adversely affected. We also have successfully utilized and leveraged our relationship with Wyndham Hotels’ loyalty program and any cessation of or adverse change in that loyalty program could be expected to materially adversely impact our business, growth strategy and financial results.

We are responsible for certain contingent and other corporate liabilities incurred prior to the Spin-off.
In accordance with the agreements we entered into with Wyndham Hotels in connection with the Spin-off, Wyndham Hotels assumed one-third and Travel + Leisure Co. assumed two-thirds of certain contingent and other corporate liabilities of Wyndham Worldwide incurred prior to the distribution,Distribution, including liabilities of Wyndham Worldwide related to certain terminated or divested businesses, certain general corporate matters, and any actions with respect to the separation plan. See Note 29—
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Transactions with Former Parent and Former Subsidiaries to the Consolidated Financial Statements included in Part II, Item 8 of this Annual Report on Form 10-K for a description of our obligations related to Wyndham Hotels.
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If Wyndham Hotels was to default on its obligations, we would be required to pay the amounts in default. Accordingly, we could under certain circumstances be obligated to pay amounts in excess of our share of the assumed obligations related to such liabilities including associated costs.

Certain directors who serve on our Board also serve on the board of directors of and own common stock of Wyndham Hotels.
Certain directors who serve on our Board currently serve as directors of and own shares of common stock of Wyndham Hotels, following the Spin-off, which may create, or appear to create, conflicts of interest, in particular when our or Wyndham Hotels’ management and directors face decisions that could have different implications for us and Wyndham Hotels, including the resolution of any dispute regarding the terms of the agreements governing the Spin-off and the relationship between us and Wyndham Hotels after the Spin-off or any other commercial agreements entered into in the future between usTravel + Leisure Co. and Wyndham Hotels.

If the Distribution, together with certain related transactions, were to fail to qualify as a reorganization for U.S. federal income tax purposes under Sections 368(a)(1)(D) and 355 of the Code, then our shareholders, we and Wyndham Hotels might be required to pay substantial U.S. federal income taxes.
In conjunction with the Distribution, we received opinions of our Spin-off tax advisors to the effect that, subject to the assumptions and limitations described therein, the Distribution, together with certain related transactions, will qualify as a reorganization for U.S. federal income tax purposes under Sections 368(a)(1)(D) and 355 of the Code in which no gain or loss is recognized by us or our shareholders, except, in the case of our shareholders, for cash received in lieu of fractional shares. The opinions of our Spin-off tax advisors were based on and relied on, among other things, certain assumptions as well as on the continuing accuracy of certain factual representations and statements that we and Wyndham Hotels made to the Spin-off tax advisors and certain covenants that Travel + Leisure Co. and Wyndham Hotels entered into, including covenants contained in the Tax Matters Agreement described below.Agreement. If any of these representations or statements are or become inaccurate or incomplete, or if Travel + Leisure Co. or Wyndham Hotels breach any of such covenants, the Distribution and such related transactions might not qualify for such tax treatment. The opinions of the Spin-off tax advisors are not binding on the IRS or a court, and there can be no assurance that the IRS will not challenge the validity of the distribution and such related transactions as a reorganization for U.S. federal income tax purposes under Sections 368(a)(1)(D) and 355 of the Code eligible for tax-free treatment, or that any such challenge ultimately will not prevail.

In addition, we received a private letter ruling from the IRS regarding certain U.S. federal income tax aspects of transactions related to the Spin-off (the “IRS Ruling”). Although the IRS Ruling generally is binding on the IRS, the continued validity of the IRS Ruling will be based upon and subject to the continuing accuracy of factual statements and representations made to the IRS by us. The IRS Ruling is limited to specified aspects of the Spin-off under Sections 355 and 361 of the Code and does not represent a determination by the IRS that all of the requirements necessary to obtain tax-free treatment to holders of our common stock and to us have been satisfied.

If the Distribution does not qualify as a tax-free transaction for any reason, including as a result of a breach of a representation or covenant, we would recognize a substantial gain attributable to Wyndham Hotels for U.S. federal income tax purposes. In such case, under U.S. Treasury regulations, each member of our consolidated group at the time of the Spin-off (including the hotel business) would be jointly and severally liable for the entire resulting amount of any U.S. federal income tax liability. Additionally, if the distribution of the common stock of Wyndham Hotels does not qualify as tax-free under Section 355 of the Code, our shareholders will be treated as having received a taxable distribution equal to the value of the stock distributed, treated as a taxable dividend to the extent of our current and accumulated earnings and profits, and then would have a tax-free basis recovery up to the amount of their tax basis in their shares, and then would have taxable gain from the sale or exchange of the shares to the extent of any excess.

General Risk Factors
Risks Related to Our Common Stock
The trading price of our shares of common stock may continue to fluctuate.
The trading price of our common stock may continue to fluctuate depending upon many factors, some of which may be beyond our control, including our quarterly or annual earnings or those of other companies in our industry; customer acceptance and success of our new business extensions; actual or anticipated fluctuations in our operating results due to seasonality and other factors related to our business; our ability or perceived ability
38


to realize the benefits of the Spin-off; our credit ratings, including the impact of the Spin-off and the global COVID-19 pandemic on such ratings; changes in accounting principles or rules; announcements by us or our competitors of significant acquisitions or dispositions; the lack of securities analysts covering our
30




common stock; lower than expected earnings or revenues or outlook for such financial measures, changes in earnings or revenues estimates by us or by securities analysts or our ability to meet those estimates; the operating and stock price performance of comparable companies; overall market fluctuations; and general economic conditions. Stock markets in general have experienced volatility that has often been unrelated to the operating performance of a particular company. These broad market fluctuations may adversely affect the trading price of our common stock.

Provisions in our certificate of incorporation and by-laws and under Delaware law may prevent or delay an acquisition of Travel + Leisure Co. which could impact the trading price of our common stock.
Our certificate of incorporation and by-laws and Delaware law contain provisions that are intended to deter coercive takeover practices and inadequate takeover bids. These provisions include that shareholders do not have the right to act by written consent, rules regarding how shareholders may present proposals or nominate directors for election at shareholder meetings, the right of our Board to issue preferred stock without shareholder approval and limitations on the right of shareholders to remove directors. Delaware law also imposes restrictions on mergers and other business combinations between us and any holder of 15% or more of our outstanding common stock. We believe these provisions protect our shareholders from coercive or otherwise unfair takeover tactics by requiring potential acquirers to negotiate with our Board and by providing our Board with more time to assess any acquisition proposal. These provisions are not intended to make us immune from takeovers. However, these provisions apply even if the offer may be considered beneficial by some shareholders and could delay or prevent an acquisition that our Board determines is not in the best interests of our company and our shareholders.

We cannot provide assurance that we will continue to pay dividends or purchase shares of our common stock under our share repurchase program.
There can be no assurance that we will have sufficient cash or surplus under Delaware law to be able to continue to pay dividends or purchase shares of our common stock under our share repurchase program. This may result from extraordinary cash expenses, actual expenses exceeding contemplated costs, funding of capital expenditures, increases in reserves or lack of available capital. Our Board may also suspend the payment of dividends or our share repurchase program if the Board deems such action to be in the best interests of our shareholders. During 2020, in response to the unprecedented COVID-19 pandemic, our Board, acting prudently, reduced our dividend and suspended our share repurchase program. While we expect to continue to pay dividends to shareholders during the continuance of the COVID-19 pandemic, and a continuance of dividends is permittedRelief Period restrictions under our modified credit facilities subject to certain conditions,First Amendment on share repurchases and dividend payments was terminated by amendment on October 22, 2021, we cannot assure that our Board may not need to consider further dividendlimitations, reductions or other restrictions on share repurchases and dividends in the future in response to continuing effects of the COVID-19 pandemic or otherwise.

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ITEM 1B.    UNRESOLVED STAFF COMMENTS
None.

ITEM 2.    PROPERTIES
Travel + Leisure Co. Corporate
Our corporate headquarters is located in a leased office at 6277 Sea Harbor Drive in Orlando, Florida, for which the lease expires in 2025. We also have a leased office in Virginia Beach, Virginia, for our Associate Service Center, for which the lease expires in 2021, as well as data centers in Phoenix, Arizona and Greenwood Village, Colorado, for which the leases end in 2022. The lease that is due to expire in 2021 is presently under review related to our ongoing requirements.

Vacation Ownership
Our vacation ownershipVacation Ownership business has its main corporate operations in Orlando, Florida, pursuant to several leases which begin to expire in 2025. Our vacation ownershipVacation Ownership business also has leased spacesspace in; Las Vegas, Nevada; Clark,the Philippines; Bundall, Australia; and Singapore, with various expiration dates between 20212022 and 2056. Our vacation ownershipVacation Ownership business leases space for administrative functions in Las Vegas, Nevada, that expires in 2028. In addition, our vacation ownershipVacation Ownership business utilizes 137145 marketing and sales offices with 109115 locations in the U.S. and the remaining locations in Australia, the Caribbean, Thailand, Mexico, Fiji, New Zealand, Indonesia, China, and the Philippines. Of these 145 marketing and sales offices, 66 are pursuant to leases with various expiration dates between 2022 and 2056. All leases that are due to expire in 20212022 are presently under review related to our ongoing requirements.

Travel and Membership
Our travelTravel and membershipMembership business is headquartered in Orlando, Florida, pursuant to several leases which begin to expire in 2025. The business also owns one property in Indianapolis, Indiana, and one property in Mexico. There are 2218 leased offices of which nine are located in Europe, four in Latin America, four in Asia Pacific, three in North America, and two in Africa. Such leases haveAfrica with expiration dates between 20212022 through 2029. All leases that are due to expire in 20212022 are presently under review related to our ongoing requirements.

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ITEM 3.    LEGAL PROCEEDINGS
We are involved in various claims and lawsuits arising in the ordinary course of business, none of which, in the opinion of management, is expected to have a material adverse effect on our results of operations, financial condition or cash flows. See Note 2020—Commitments and Contingencies to the Consolidated Financial Statements included in Part II, Item 8 of this Annual Report on Form 10-K for a description of claims and legal actions arising in the ordinary course of our business and Note 2929—Transactions with Former Parent and Former Subsidiaries to the Consolidated Financial Statements included in Part II, Item 8 of this Annual Report on Form 10-K for a description of our obligations regarding Cendant contingent litigation, matters related to Wyndham Hotels, matters related to the European vacation rentals business, and matters related to the North American vacation rentals business.

ITEM 4.    MINE SAFETY DISCLOSURES
Not applicable.
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PART II

ITEM 5.    MARKET FOR REGISTRANT’S COMMON EQUITY, RELATED STOCKHOLDER MATTERS AND ISSUER PURCHASES OF EQUITY SECURITIES

Market Price of Common Stock
Our common stock is listed on the New York Stock Exchange under the symbol “TNL.” As of January 31, 2021,2022, the number of stockholders of record was 4,546.4,378. The equity plan compensation information called for by Item 201(d) of Regulation S-K is set forth in Part III, Item 12 of this Annual Report on Form 10-K under the heading “Equity Compensation Plan Information as of December 31, 2020.2021.

Issuer Purchases of Equity Securities
Below is a summary of our Travel + Leisure Co. common stock repurchases by month for the quarter ended December 31, 2020:
ISSUER PURCHASES OF EQUITY SECURITIES
PeriodTotal Number
of Shares
Purchased
Average Price
Paid per Share
Total Number of
Shares
Purchased as
Part of Publicly
Announced Plan
Approximate Dollar
Value of Shares that
May Yet Be Purchased
Under the Publicly
Announced Plan
(a)
October 2020 (October 1-31)— $— — $351,074,356 
November 2020 (November 1-30)— — — 351,074,356 
December 2020(December 1-31)
— — — 351,074,356 
Total$$351,074,356
2021:
ISSUER PURCHASES OF EQUITY SECURITIES
PeriodTotal Number
of Shares
Purchased
Average Price
Paid per Share
Total Number of
Shares
Purchased as
Part of Publicly
Announced Plan
Approximate Dollar
Value of Shares that
May Yet Be Purchased
Under the Publicly
Announced Plan
(b)
October 2021 (October 1-31)18,550 $53.88 18,550 $353,258,681 
November 2021 (November 1-30)187,431 55.17 187,431 342,917,685 
December 2021 (a) (December 1-31)
289,974 51.44 289,974 328,002,326 
Total (a)
495,955 $52.94 495,955 $328,002,326 

(a)Includes 24,519 shares purchased for which the trade date occurred in December 2021 and settled in January 2022.
(b)On August 20, 2007, our Board of Directors (“Board”) authorized the repurchase of our common stock (the “Share Repurchase Program”). Under the Share Repurchase Program, we are authorized to repurchase shares through open market purchases, privately-negotiated transactions, or otherwise in accordance with applicable federal securities laws, including through Rule 10b5-1 trading plans and under Rule 10b-18 of the Exchange Act. The Share Repurchase Program has no time limit and may be suspended or discontinued completely at any time. The Board has since increased the capacity of the Share Repurchase Program eight times, most recently on October 23, 2017, by $1.0 billion, bringing the total authorization under the program to $6.0 billion. Proceeds received from stock option exercises have increased the repurchase capacity by $78$81 million since the inception of this program. Under our current and prior stock repurchase plans, the total authorization is $6.8 billion. See “Stockthe “Share Repurchase Program” section included in Item 7 of this Annual Report on Form 10-K for further information on the Share Repurchase Program.

For a description of limitations on the payment of our dividends, see the “Dividends” section included in Item 7 of this Annual Report on Form 10-K.

Stock Performance Graph
The Stock Performance Graph is not deemed filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”) and shall not be deemed incorporated by reference into any of our prior or future filings made with the SEC.

The following Stock Performance Graph compares the cumulative total stockholder return of our common stock against the cumulative total returns of the Standard & Poor’s Rating Services (“S&P”) Midcap 400 index and the S&P Hotels, Resorts & Cruise Lines index for the period from December 31, 2015,2016, to December 31, 2020.2021. The graph assumes that $100 was invested on December 31, 2015,2016, and all dividends and other distributions were reinvested.
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COMPARISON OF 5 YEAR CUMULATIVE TOTAL RETURN(a)
Among Travel + Leisure Co., the S&P Midcap 400 Index
and the S&P Hotels, Resorts, & Cruise Lines Index
wyn-20201231_g1.jpg
wyn-20211231_g1.jpg

(a) $100 invested on December 31, 2015,2016, in stock or index, including reinvestment of dividends.

Cumulative Total ReturnCumulative Total ReturnCumulative Total Return
Fiscal year ending December 31:Fiscal year ending December 31: 201520162017201820192020Fiscal year ending December 31: 201620172018201920202021
Travel + Leisure Co.Travel + Leisure Co.$100.00 $108.09 $167.99 $119.23 $178.92 $162.73 Travel + Leisure Co.$100.00 $155.42 $110.31 $165.53 $150.55 $189.63 
S&P Midcap 400S&P Midcap 400$100.00 $120.74 $140.35 $124.80 $157.49 $179.00 S&P Midcap 400$100.00 $116.24 $103.36 $130.44 $148.26 $184.97 
S&P Hotels, Resorts & Cruise LinesS&P Hotels, Resorts & Cruise Lines$100.00 $107.52 $160.30 $131.34 $180.01 $133.43 S&P Hotels, Resorts & Cruise Lines$100.00 $149.09 $122.16 $167.42 $124.10 $148.72 
The stock price performance included in this graph is not necessarily indicative of future stock price performance.

ITEM 6.    [Reserved]

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Table of Contents

ITEM 6.    SELECTED FINANCIAL DATA
 As of or For the Year Ended December 31,
 2020
2019 (a)
2018 (a)
2017 (a)
2016 (a)
Income statement data (in millions):
Net revenues$2,160 $4,043 $3,931 $3,806 $3,692 
Expenses
Operating and other (b)
1,999 3,106 3,051 3,000 2,907 
Depreciation and amortization126 121 138 136 127 
COVID-19 related costs88 — — — — 
Asset impairments52 27 (4)205 — 
Separation and related costs— 45 223 26 — 
Total expenses2,265 3,299 3,408 3,367 3,034 
Gain on sale of business— (68)— — — 
Operating (loss)/income(105)812 523 439 658 
Other (income), net(14)(23)(38)(28)(21)
Interest expense192 162 170 155 133 
Early extinguishment of debt— — — — 11 
Interest (income)(7)(7)(5)(6)(7)
(Loss)/income before income taxes(276)680 396 318 542 
(Benefit from)/provision for income taxes(23)191 130 (328)190 
Net (loss)/income from continuing operations(253)489 266 646 352 
(Loss)/income from operations of discontinued businesses, net of income taxes— — (50)209 260 
(Loss)/gain on disposal of discontinued business, net of income taxes(2)18 456 — — 
Net (loss)/income(255)507 672 855 612 
Net income attributable to noncontrolling interest— — — (1)(1)
Net (loss)/income attributable to Travel + Leisure shareholders$(255)$507 $672 $854 $611 
Per share data
Basic earnings/(loss) per share
Continuing operations$(2.95)$5.31 $2.69 $6.26 $3.19 
Discontinued operations(0.02)0.19 4.11 2.03 2.37 
$(2.97)$5.50 $6.80 $8.29 $5.56 
Basic weighted average shares outstanding (in millions)86.1 92.1 98.9 103.0 109.9 
Diluted earnings/(loss) per share
Continuing operations$(2.95)$5.29 $2.68 $6.22 $3.17 
Discontinued operations(0.02)0.19 4.09 2.02 2.35 
$(2.97)$5.48 $6.77 $8.24 $5.52 
 Diluted weighted average shares outstanding (in millions)86.1 92.4 99.2 103.7 110.6 
Dividends
Cash dividends declared per share$1.60 $1.80 $1.89 $2.32 $2.00 

(a)We sold our North American vacation rentals business on October 22, 2019. This business did not meet the criteria to be classified as a discontinued operation; therefore, its results of operations are reflected within continuing operations through the date of sale.
(b)Includes Operating, Cost of vacation ownership interests, Consumer financing interest, Marketing, General and administrative, and Restructuring expenses.

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 As of or For the Year Ended December 31,
 20202019201820172016
Balance sheet data (in millions):
Securitized assets (a)
$2,573 $3,121 $3,028 $2,680 $2,601 
Total assets7,613 7,453 7,158 10,450 9,866 
Non-recourse vacation ownership debt2,234 2,541 2,357 2,098 2,141 
Debt4,184 3,034 2,881 3,908 3,299 
Total (deficit)/equity(968)(524)(569)774 633 
Operating statistics:(b)
Vacation Ownership
Gross VOI sales (in millions)$967 $2,355 $2,271 $2,138 $2,007 
Tours (in 000s)333 945 904 869 819 
Volume Per Guest (“VPG”)$2,486 $2,381 $2,392 $2,345 $2,324 
Travel and Membership
Average number of members (in 000s)3,749 3,887 3,847 3,799 3,852 
Exchange revenue per member$126.48 $166.54 $171.04 $176.74 $172.56 
Transactions (in 000s) (c)
Exchange transactions762 1,493 N/AN/AN/A
Non-exchange transactions278 163 N/AN/AN/A
Total Travel and Membership transactions1,040 1,656 N/AN/AN/A

(a)Represents the portion of gross vacation ownership contract receivables, securitization restricted cash, and related assets that collateralize our non-recourse vacation ownership debt. Refer to Note 17—Variable Interest Entities to the Consolidated Financial Statements included in Item 8 of this Annual Report on Form 10-K for further details.
(b)For additional details on our operating statistics see the “Operating Statistics” section included in Item 7 of this Annual Report on Form 10-K.
(c)Given recent acquisitions, we will be reporting transactions as a key operating metric for our Travel and Membership segment beginning in 2021. We provided the 2020 and 2019 data in advance of this change.
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ITEM 7.    MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS
BUSINESS AND OVERVIEW
We are a global provider of hospitality services and travel products and operate our business in the following two segments:
Vacation Ownership (formerly Wyndham Vacation Clubs)—develops, markets and sells vacation ownership interests (“VOIs”) to individual consumers, provides consumer financing in connection with the sale of VOIs, and provides property management services at resorts.
Travel and Membership (formerly Panorama or Vacation Exchange)—operates a variety of travel businesses, including three vacation exchange brands, a home exchange network, travel technology platforms, travel memberships, and direct-to-consumer rentals.

Travel + Leisure Brand Acquisition
On January 5, 2021, Wyndham Destinations, Inc. acquired the Travel + Leisure brand and related assets from Meredith Corporation (“Meredith”) for $100 million, of which $55 million was paid during 2021. The remaining payments are to be completed by June 2024. This acquisition included Travel + Leisure branded travel clubs and members. We acquired the Travel + Leisure brand to accelerate our strategic plan to broaden our reach with the launch of new travel services, expand our membership travel business, and amplify the global visibility of our leisure travel products. Meredith will continue to operate and monetize Travel + Leisure branded multi-platform media assets across multiple channels under a 30-year royalty-free, renewable licensing relationship. In connection with this acquisition, on February 17, 2021, Wyndham Destinations, Inc. was renamed Travel + Leisure Co. and continues to trade on the New York Stock Exchange under the new ticker symbol TNL.

In connection with the Travel + Leisure brand acquisition we updated the names and composition of our reportable segments to better align with how they are managed. We created the Travel + Leisure Group which falls under the Travel and Membership segment along with the Panorama business line. With the formation of the Travel + Leisure Group, we decided that the operations of our Extra Holidays business, which focuses on direct-to-consumer bookings, better aligns with the operations of this new business line and therefore transitioned the management of our Extra Holidays business to the Travel and Membership segment. As such, we reclassified the results of our Extra Holidays business, which were previously reported within the Vacation Ownership segment, into the Travel and Membership segment.

Impact of COVID-19 on Our Business
The results of operations duringfor the yearyears ended December 31, 2021 and 2020 include impacts related to the novel coronavirus global pandemic (“COVID-19”), which have been significantly negative for the travel industry, our business and financial results,company, our customers, and our employees.

Our response to COVID-19 initially focused on the health and safety of our owners, members, guests, and employees when we closed the majority of our resorts and sales centers. We were also keenly focused on preserving cash, cutting costs,centers in early 2020. As a result, we significantly reduced our workforce and managing liquidity. Severalfurloughed thousands of our business lines have strong recurring sourcesemployees at that time. As of income and cash flow, for example, consumer finance, hospitality and our exchange membership businesses. The fee streams from these businesses, which represented approximately 50%December 31, 2021, we had reopened all of Adjusted EBITDA in 2019, bolstered our financial stability whenthe resorts and sales centers were mostlyoffices in North America that we expect to reopen. The remaining closed resorts and sales offices that we intend to reopen are located in the South Pacific and are expected to reopen in 2022, contingent upon the lifting of government imposed travel restrictions. As a result of reopening substantially all of our resorts, the majority of furloughed employees have returned to work.

Given the significant impacts of COVID-19 on our business, our revenues have been negatively impacted. While revenues are continuing to recover, not all product and service lines have yet reached pre-pandemic levels, and we believe that COVID-19 will continue to have an adverse effect on our financial condition and results of operations in the near term. Despite some volatility with recent spikes in COVID-19 case-counts as a result of variants, in general, we are seeing a broad increase in consumer confidence as well as a reduction in travel restrictions. These factors combined with progress in the roll-out of vaccinations have continued to help travel sentiment improve. Assuming travel sentiment continues to improve, we expect increases in both VOI sales and new owner mix in 2022. We also expect an increase in the percentage of financed VOI sales, which would impact our allowance for the months of April and May. We incurred expenses in connection with COVID-19 of $385 million duringloan losses.

During the year ended December 31, 2020, which are discussed2021, we reversed $61 million of COVID-19 charges, compared to $385 million of charges incurred in further detail in2020. The $61 million of net reversals during 2021 included the release of $91 million of the COVID-19 related allowance for loan losses. See Note26—COVID-19 Related Items to the Consolidated Financial Statements included in Item 8 of this Annual Reportfor additional details on Form 10-K.the impact COVID-19 had on our business.

ManyIncluded in the $385 million of our resorts and sales centers were closed or operated at reduced capacity throughoutCOVID-19 related charges for the year ended December 31, 2020, was a $225 million COVID-19 related loan loss provision recorded during the first quarter as a result of COVID-19. Operating at lessour evaluation of the impact of COVID-19
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on our owners’ ability to repay their vacation ownership contract receivables (“VOCRs”). As we began to see an improvement in net new defaults and lower than 100% capacity, combinedexpected unemployment rates, we reduced this provision by $20 million in the fourth quarter of 2020.

Since the time the COVID-19 related allowance was established in March 2020, we have reversed $111 million of the initial $225 million provision. After considering write-offs and the allowance for remaining likely defaults associated with depressed leisure travel demand overall, resulted in lower tours which negatively impacted gross VOI sales in 2020. In our Travel and Membership segment, affiliate resort closures and regional travel restrictions contributed to decreased bookings and increased cancellations, which resulted in lower net transactions, average numberloans that were granted payment deferrals, we have no COVID-19 related allowances as of members, and average revenue per member during 2020.December 31, 2021.

As resorts reopeneda precautionary measure to enhance liquidity during the pandemic, in the first quarter of 2020, we sawdrew down our $1.0 billion revolving credit facility and expectsuspended share repurchase activity. In the third quarter of 2020, we amended the credit agreement governing our revolving credit facility and term loan B (“First Amendment”), which provided financial covenant flexibility during the relief period that commenced on July 15, 2020 and was scheduled to continueend on April 1, 2022 (the “Relief Period”). During the Relief Period we were prohibited from using cash for share repurchases but maintained our ability to see United Statespay dividends and make investments in our business. During 2021 we repaid the $1.0 billion revolving credit facility, the $250 million 5.625% secured notes due March 2021, and the $650 million 4.25% secured notes due March 2022. On October 22, 2021, we renewed the credit agreement governing our revolving credit facility and term loan B (“Second Amendment”), which terminated the Relief Period, established new thresholds for our financial covenant ratios and eliminated the restrictions regarding share repurchases, dividends, and acquisitions established by the First Amendment. In connection with entering the Second Amendment, we resumed share repurchases during the fourth quarter of America (“U.S.”) consumers shift from international to domestic travel and also to destinations that require driving versus flying. We believe these shifts may be favorable2021.

As part of our reopening strategy, we focused on higher margin owner business by leveraging our owner upgrade pipeline. Prior to the timeshare industry. In addition, we believe larger condominium-like accommodations with kitchens will be more amenable for social distancing and travelers will seek trusted brands they can rely upon for thorough cleaningpandemic, just under 40% of vacation accommodations priorour sales transactions were to arrival. Historically, occupancy at our resorts has remained high in downturns because ourlower margin new owners own their vacations and are therefore committedas compared to traveling.28% during 2021.

We believe the ongoing effects of COVID-19also raised our credit standards and directed our marketing efforts towards higher Fair Isaac Corporation (“FICO”) scores, which we expect will continue to havestrengthen our receivables portfolio going forward. Additionally, we closed certain unprofitable marketing and sales locations and shifted marketing channels and resources to our most productive channels. All of these changes were designed to result in higher volume per guest (“VPG”), which is a significant adverse effect on our financial conditionmeasure of sales efficiency and results of operations during the first quarter of 2021 and potentially beyond. While we have made and continueis strongly correlated to make efforts to mitigate the impacts of COVID-19, there can be no assurance that these efforts will be successful in the future. COVID-19 may also affect our financial condition and results of operations in a manner that is not presently known to us. profitability.

For certain of the events, uncertainties, trends, and risks associated with the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on our future results and financial condition, see “RisksRisks Related to the COVID-19 Pandemic”Pandemic included in Part I, Item 1A of this Annual Report filed on Form 10-K.

Cost Actions and Preservation of Cash Flow
We have taken significant actions to maximize cash flow. In the first half of the year, we took actions that would have reduced our annualized 2020 operating cost base by approximately $225 million with $60 million of permanent general and administrative cost reductions. Savings related primarily to the impact of staff reductions/furloughs, travel and expense, and a reduction in third party vendor/consulting spend. Since this time 51% of our furloughed employees have returned to work. We reviewed inventory and capital expenditure requirements and reduced both by a combined $133 million for the 2020 fiscal year. Share repurchase activity has been suspended since March 2020. 

Operational Changes
We worked with government authorities and health experts in establishing new operational criteria and methodologies, for example, curbside check-in, enhanced cleaning protocols, and controlled amenity access. In May 2020, we partnered with Ecolab to launch the Vacation Ready program and our internal task force oversaw the implementation of safety protocols in
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accordance with guidelines and in consultation with health experts. While the levels of restrictions on operations imposed by governmental authorities have been reduced in some locations, they have increased in others, and there is continued uncertainty regarding the trend of these restrictions going forward. As of December 31, 2020, we have reopened 81% of our resorts (92% have reopened as of the date of this filing) and reopened 86% of our sales offices (92% as of the date of this filing) with plans to restart the remainder in early 2021. Our reopening plans were negatively impacted by government shutdowns in California and Hawaii, which required us to close resorts which were previously reopened. As of December 31, 2020, approximately 5,300 of the impacted employees remained laid off or furloughed.

Relief Under the CARES Act
On March 27, 2020, the Coronavirus Aid, Relief, and Economic Security (“CARES”) Act was established to provide emergency assistance and health care for individuals, families, and businesses affected by COVID-19 and generally support the U.S. economy. The CARES Act, among other things, includes provisions relating to refundable payroll tax credits, deferment of employer social security payments, net operating loss carryback periods, alternative minimum tax credit refunds, modifications to net interest deduction limitations, and technical corrections to tax depreciation methods for qualified improvement property. We recorded $26 million of employee retention tax credits for the year ended December 31, 2020, including credits from similar programs outside the U.S. We have deferred social security payments to the U.S. government until 2021 in accordance with CARES Act provisions and will have additional depreciation deductions relating to qualified improvement property. While we continue to review and consider any additional available benefits under the CARES Act or similar legislation that has been or in the future may be enacted in response to the COVID-19 pandemic for which we qualify, we cannot predict the manner in which such benefits will be allocated or administered and we cannot assure you that we will be able to receive such benefits in a timely manner or at all.

Focus on Higher Margin Business
As part of our reopening strategy, we focused on higher margin owner business by harvesting our owner upgrade pipeline. Prior to 2020, just under 40% of sales were to lower margin new owners.

We have also raised our credit standards which will strengthen our receivables portfolio going forward. We have closed some unprofitable marketing and sales locations and shifted marketing channels and resources to our most productive channels. All of these changes are designed to result in higher volume per guest (“VPG”) which is a measure of sales efficiency and is strongly correlated to profitability.

Other Developments
Continued closure and/or reclosure of resorts and sales centers could result in additional COVID-19 charges including idle pay for certain sales and marketing employees and potential further impairment of assets. During the first quarter, we evaluated the impact of COVID-19 on our owners’ ability to repay their contract receivables and as a result we recorded an additional $225 million allowance. The allowance recorded provided for the full estimated impact of a prolonged recession (approximately 15-20 months to return to pre-COVID-19 defaults) based on our historical data for the most recent recession in 2008. As a result of our quarterly analysis on the impact of COVID-19 on our owners, in the fourth quarter there was an improvement in net new defaults and lower than expected unemployment rates; as such we reduced this reserve by $20 million. If unemployment rates or our collection experience for our vacation ownership contract receivables (“VOCRs”) differ significantly from current expectations, we may need to further increase or decrease our allowance for loan losses for VOCRs. As of December 31, 2020, given the significant amount of government assistance provided to consumers in the early stages of the pandemic, we expect defaults to remain elevated for the next 12-15 months as a result of COVID-19.

Given a range of different scenarios related to the COVID-19 impact on our business, we expect to maintain adequate liquidity and remain in compliance with our debt covenants. As a precautionary measure to enhance liquidity, we drew down our $1.0 billion revolving credit facility at the end of the 2020 first quarter and had $1.2 billion of cash and cash equivalents on hand as of December 31, 2020. We suspended share repurchases in March and have made other operational decisions to preserve cash. During the third quarter, we amended our $1.0 billion revolving credit facility which modified existing quarterly-tested financial covenants through March 31, 2022, and raised the first lien coverage ratio in the near term to provide significant financial flexibility. Among other changes, the amendment prohibits the use of cash for share repurchases until such time as we choose to exercise our option to exit the amendment in accordance with its terms. We maintained our ability to pay dividends and to continue to invest in the business throughout the covenant relief period. See Note 16—Debt to the Consolidated Financial Statements included in Item 8 of this Annual Report on Form 10-K for additional details.

We successfully closed on a $325 million private securitization financing on April 29, 2020. While this transaction was at a higher cost compared to transactions we completed in the past, it was favorable to similar transactions completed in the public
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market at that time. We also closed on a $575 million securitization financing on August 13, 2020 at a similar cost compared to transactions we have completed in the past. These transactions provide reinforcement that we expect to maintain adequate liquidity.

On July 24, 2020, we issued $650 million senior secured notes maturing July 31, 2026, with an interest rate of 6.625%. The proceeds will be used for general corporate purposes, which may include the repayment of outstanding indebtedness under our secured revolving credit facility, the future repayment of our 5.625% secured notes due March 2021 and the payment of related fees and expenses. In the third quarter, we repaid $350 million of our indebtedness under the secured revolving credit facility.

Alliance Reservations Network AcquisitionTravel and Membership
On August 7, 2019, we acquired Alliance Reservations Network (“ARN”) for $102 million ($97 million net of cash acquired). ARN provides private-label travel booking technology solutions. This acquisition was undertaken for the purpose of accelerating growth atOur Travel and Membership by increasing the offerings availablebusiness is headquartered in Orlando, Florida, pursuant to its membersseveral leases which begin to expire in 2025. The business also owns one property in Indianapolis, Indiana, and affiliates. We have recognized the assetsone property in Mexico. There are 18 leased offices located in Europe, Latin America, Asia Pacific, North America, and liabilities of ARN based on estimates of their acquisition date fair values. ARN is reported within the Travel and Membership segment.

North American Vacation Rentals Business Sale
During 2018, we decidedAfrica with expiration dates between 2022 through 2029. All leases that are due to explore strategic alternatives for the North American vacation rentals business and on October 22, 2019, we closed on the sale of this business for $162 million. The assets and liabilities of this business were classified as held-for-sale as of December 31, 2018. This business did not meet the criteria to be classified as a discontinued operation; therefore, the results of operationsexpire in 2022 are reflected within continuing operations on the Consolidated Statements of (Loss)/Income through the date of sale.

Hotel Business Spin-off
We completed the spin-off of our hotel business on May 31, 2018 (“Spin-off”). This Spin-off resulted in our operations being held by two separate, publicly traded companies, Travel + Leisure Co. (“Travel + Leisure,” formerly Wyndham Destinations, Inc.) and Wyndham Hotels & Resorts, Inc. (“Wyndham Hotels”). The two public companies have entered into long-term exclusive license agreements to retain their affiliations with one of the industry’s top-rated loyalty programs, Wyndham Rewards, as well as to continue to collaborate on inventory-sharing and customer cross-sell initiatives. This transaction is expected to result in enhanced strategic and management focus on the core business and growth of each company; more efficient capital allocation, direct access to capital and expanded growth opportunities for each company; the ability to implement a tailored approach to recruiting and retaining employees at each company; improved investor understanding of the business strategy and operating results of each company; and enhanced investor choice by offering investment opportunities in separate entities. This transaction was effected through a pro rata distribution of the new hotel entity’s stock to existing Travel + Leisure shareholders. As a result of the Spin-off, we have classified the results of operations of our hotel business as discontinued operations on the Consolidated Financial Statements.

La Quinta Acquisition
In January 2018, we entered into an agreement with La Quinta Holdings Inc. (“La Quinta”) to acquire its hotel franchising and management businesses for $1.95 billion. At the time we entered into this agreement, we obtained financing commitments of $2.0 billion in the form of an unsecured bridge term loan, which was subsequently replaced with net cash proceeds from the issuance of $500 million unsecured notes, a $1.6 billion term loan and a $750 million revolving credit facility, which was undrawn. This acquisition closed on May 30, 2018, prior to the Spin-off on May 31, 2018. Upon completion of the Spin-off, La Quinta became a wholly-owned subsidiary of Wyndham Hotels and the associated debt was transferred to Wyndham Hotels.

European Vacation Rentals Business Sale
We sold our European vacation rentals business on May 9, 2018. This sale resulted in final net proceeds of $1.06 billion
and a 2018 after-tax gain of $456 million, net of $139 million in taxes. During 2020, we recognized a $2 million loss resulting from a tax audit. During 2019, we recognized an additional $18 million gain,presently under review related to $12 million of tax benefits associated with additional foreign tax credit utilization and lower than anticipated state income taxes, as well as $6 million in returned escrow for an expired guarantee and other changes in expired guarantees. We have provided post-closing credit support in order to ensure that Awaze Limited (“Awaze”), formerly Compass IV Limited, an affiliate of Platinum Equity, LLC, meets the requirements of certain service providers and regulatory authorities. The results of operations of this business through the date of sale have been classified as discontinued operations on the Consolidated Financial Statements.our ongoing requirements.

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SEGMENT
ITEM 3.    LEGAL PROCEEDINGS
We are involved in various claims and lawsuits arising in the ordinary course of business, none of which, in the opinion of management, is expected to have a material adverse effect on our results of operations, financial condition or cash flows. See Note 20—Commitments and Contingencies to the Consolidated Financial Statements for a description of claims and legal actions arising in the ordinary course of our business and Note 29—Transactions with Former Parent and Former Subsidiaries to the Consolidated Financial Statements for a description of our obligations regarding Cendant contingent litigation, matters related to Wyndham Hotels, matters related to the European vacation rentals business, and matters related to the North American vacation rentals business.

ITEM 4.    MINE SAFETY DISCLOSURES
Not applicable.
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PART II
ITEM 5.    MARKET FOR REGISTRANT’S COMMON EQUITY, RELATED STOCKHOLDER MATTERS AND ISSUER PURCHASES OF EQUITY SECURITIES
Market Price of Common Stock
Our common stock is listed on the New York Stock Exchange under the symbol “TNL.” As of January 31, 2022, the number of stockholders of record was 4,378. The equity plan compensation information called for by Item 201(d) of Regulation S-K is set forth in Part III, Item 12 of this Annual Report on Form 10-K under the heading “Equity Compensation Plan Information as of December 31, 2021.”

Issuer Purchases of Equity Securities
Below is a summary of our Travel + Leisure Co. common stock repurchases by month for the quarter ended December 31, 2021:
ISSUER PURCHASES OF EQUITY SECURITIES
PeriodTotal Number
of Shares
Purchased
Average Price
Paid per Share
Total Number of
Shares
Purchased as
Part of Publicly
Announced Plan
Approximate Dollar
Value of Shares that
May Yet Be Purchased
Under the Publicly
Announced Plan
(b)
October 2021 (October 1-31)18,550 $53.88 18,550 $353,258,681 
November 2021 (November 1-30)187,431 55.17 187,431 342,917,685 
December 2021 (a) (December 1-31)
289,974 51.44 289,974 328,002,326 
Total (a)
495,955 $52.94 495,955 $328,002,326 

(a)Includes 24,519 shares purchased for which the trade date occurred in December 2021 and settled in January 2022.
(b)On August 20, 2007, our Board of Directors (“Board”) authorized the repurchase of our common stock (the “Share Repurchase Program”). Under the Share Repurchase Program, we are authorized to repurchase shares through open market purchases, privately-negotiated transactions, or otherwise in accordance with applicable federal securities laws, including through Rule 10b5-1 trading plans and under Rule 10b-18 of the Exchange Act. The Share Repurchase Program has no time limit and may be suspended or discontinued completely at any time. The Board has since increased the capacity of the Share Repurchase Program eight times, most recently on October 23, 2017, by $1.0 billion, bringing the total authorization under the program to $6.0 billion. Proceeds received from stock option exercises have increased the repurchase capacity by $81 million since the inception of this program. Under our current and prior stock repurchase plans, the total authorization is $6.8 billion. See the “Share Repurchase Program” section included in Item 7 of this Annual Report on Form 10-K for further information on the Share Repurchase Program.

For a description of limitations on the payment of our dividends, see the “Dividends” section included in Item 7 of this Annual Report on Form 10-K.

Stock Performance Graph
The Stock Performance Graph is not deemed filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”) and shall not be deemed incorporated by reference into any of our prior or future filings made with the SEC.

The following Stock Performance Graph compares the cumulative total stockholder return of our common stock against the cumulative total returns of the Standard & Poor’s Rating Services (“S&P”) Midcap 400 index and the S&P Hotels, Resorts & Cruise Lines index for the period from December 31, 2016, to December 31, 2021. The graph assumes that $100 was invested on December 31, 2016, and all dividends and other distributions were reinvested.
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COMPARISON OF 5 YEAR CUMULATIVE TOTAL RETURN (a)
Among Travel + Leisure Co., the S&P Midcap 400 Index
and the S&P Hotels, Resorts, & Cruise Lines Index

wyn-20211231_g1.jpg

(a)$100 invested on December 31, 2016, in stock or index, including reinvestment of dividends.
Cumulative Total Return
Fiscal year ending December 31: 201620172018201920202021
Travel + Leisure Co.$100.00 $155.42 $110.31 $165.53 $150.55 $189.63 
S&P Midcap 400$100.00 $116.24 $103.36 $130.44 $148.26 $184.97 
S&P Hotels, Resorts & Cruise Lines$100.00 $149.09 $122.16 $167.42 $124.10 $148.72 
The stock price performance included in this graph is not necessarily indicative of future stock price performance.

ITEM 6.    [Reserved]

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ITEM 7.    MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS
BUSINESS AND OVERVIEW
We are a global provider of hospitality services and travel products and operate our business in the following two segments:
Vacation Ownership
We develop, market,— develops, markets and sell VOIssells vacation ownership interests (“VOIs”) to individual consumers, provideprovides consumer financing in connection with the sale of VOIs, and provideprovides property management services at resorts. Our sales
Travel and Membership — operates a variety of VOIs are either cash sales or developer-financed sales. Developer financed sales are typically collateralized by the underlying VOI. Revenue is recognized on VOI sales upon transfer of control, which is defined as the point in time whentravel businesses, including three vacation exchange brands, a binding sales contract has been executed, the financing contract has been executed for the remaining transaction price, the statutory rescission period has expired,home exchange network, travel technology platforms, travel memberships, and the transaction price has been deemed to be collectible.direct-to-consumer rentals.

For developer-financed sales, we reduceTravel + Leisure Brand Acquisition
On January 5, 2021, Wyndham Destinations, Inc. acquired the VOI sales transaction priceTravel + Leisure brand and related assets from Meredith Corporation (“Meredith”) for $100 million, of which $55 million was paid during 2021. The remaining payments are to be completed by an estimateJune 2024. This acquisition included Travel + Leisure branded travel clubs and members. We acquired the Travel + Leisure brand to accelerate our strategic plan to broaden our reach with the launch of uncollectible consideration atnew travel services, expand our membership travel business, and amplify the timeglobal visibility of the sale. Our estimates of uncollectible amounts are based largelyour leisure travel products. Meredith will continue to operate and monetize Travel + Leisure branded multi-platform media assets across multiple channels under a 30-year royalty-free, renewable licensing relationship. In connection with this acquisition, on February 17, 2021, Wyndham Destinations, Inc. was renamed Travel + Leisure Co. and continues to trade on the results of our static pool analysis which relies on historical payment data by customer class.New York Stock Exchange under the new ticker symbol TNL.

In connection with enteringthe Travel + Leisure brand acquisition we updated the names and composition of our reportable segments to better align with how they are managed. We created the Travel + Leisure Group which falls under the Travel and Membership segment along with the Panorama business line. With the formation of the Travel + Leisure Group, we decided that the operations of our Extra Holidays business, which focuses on direct-to-consumer bookings, better aligns with the operations of this new business line and therefore transitioned the management of our Extra Holidays business to the Travel and Membership segment. As such, we reclassified the results of our Extra Holidays business, which were previously reported within the Vacation Ownership segment, into a VOI sale, we may providethe Travel and Membership segment.

Impact of COVID-19 on Our Business
The results of operations for the years ended December 31, 2021 and 2020 include impacts related to the novel coronavirus global pandemic (“COVID-19”), which have been significantly negative for the travel industry, our company, our customers, and our employees.

Our response to COVID-19 initially focused on the health and safety of our owners, members, guests, and employees when we closed the majority of our resorts and sales centers in early 2020. As a result, we significantly reduced our workforce and furloughed thousands of employees at that time. As of December 31, 2021, we had reopened all of the resorts and sales offices in North America that we expect to reopen. The remaining closed resorts and sales offices that we intend to reopen are located in the South Pacific and are expected to reopen in 2022, contingent upon the lifting of government imposed travel restrictions. As a result of reopening substantially all of our resorts, the majority of furloughed employees have returned to work.

Given the significant impacts of COVID-19 on our business, our revenues have been negatively impacted. While revenues are continuing to recover, not all product and service lines have yet reached pre-pandemic levels, and we believe that COVID-19 will continue to have an adverse effect on our financial condition and results of operations in the near term. Despite some volatility with certain non-cash incentives, suchrecent spikes in COVID-19 case-counts as credits for future stays at our resorts. For thosea result of variants, in general, we are seeing a broad increase in consumer confidence as well as a reduction in travel restrictions. These factors combined with progress in the roll-out of vaccinations have continued to help travel sentiment improve. Assuming travel sentiment continues to improve, we expect increases in both VOI sales and new owner mix in 2022. We also expect an increase in the percentage of financed VOI sales, which would impact our allowance for loan losses.

During the year ended December 31, 2021, we bifurcatereversed $61 million of COVID-19 charges, compared to $385 million of charges incurred in 2020. The $61 million of net reversals during 2021 included the salerelease of $91 million of the COVID-19 related allowance for loan losses. See Note 26—COVID-19 Related Items to the Consolidated Financial Statements for additional details on the impact COVID-19 had on our business.

Included in the $385 million of COVID-19 related charges for the year ended December 31, 2020, was a $225 million COVID-19 related loan loss provision recorded during the first quarter as a result of our evaluation of the impact of COVID-19
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on our owners’ ability to repay their vacation ownership contract receivables (“VOCRs”). As we began to see an improvement in net new defaults and allocatelower than expected unemployment rates, we reduced this provision by $20 million in the sales price betweenfourth quarter of 2020.

Since the VOI saletime the COVID-19 related allowance was established in March 2020, we have reversed $111 million of the initial $225 million provision. After considering write-offs and the non-cash incentive. Non-cash incentives generallyallowance for remaining likely defaults associated with loans that were granted payment deferrals, we have expiration periodsno COVID-19 related allowances as of 18 months or lessDecember 31, 2021.

As a precautionary measure to enhance liquidity during the pandemic, in the first quarter of 2020, we drew down our $1.0 billion revolving credit facility and are recognized at a pointsuspended share repurchase activity. In the third quarter of 2020, we amended the credit agreement governing our revolving credit facility and term loan B (“First Amendment”), which provided financial covenant flexibility during the relief period that commenced on July 15, 2020 and was scheduled to end on April 1, 2022 (the “Relief Period”). During the Relief Period we were prohibited from using cash for share repurchases but maintained our ability to pay dividends and make investments in time upon transferour business. During 2021 we repaid the $1.0 billion revolving credit facility, the $250 million 5.625% secured notes due March 2021, and the $650 million 4.25% secured notes due March 2022. On October 22, 2021, we renewed the credit agreement governing our revolving credit facility and term loan B (“Second Amendment”), which terminated the Relief Period, established new thresholds for our financial covenant ratios and eliminated the restrictions regarding share repurchases, dividends, and acquisitions established by the First Amendment. In connection with entering the Second Amendment, we resumed share repurchases during the fourth quarter of control.2021.

As part of our reopening strategy, we focused on higher margin owner business by leveraging our owner upgrade pipeline. Prior to the pandemic, just under 40% of our sales transactions were to lower margin new owners as compared to 28% during 2021.

We provide day-to-day property management services including oversight of housekeeping services, maintenance,also raised our credit standards and certain accounting and administrative services for property owners’ associations and clubs. These services may also include reservation and resort renovation activities. Such agreements are generally for terms of one year or less, and are renewed automatically on an annual basis. Our management agreements contain cancellation clauses, which allow for either party to cancel the agreement, by either a majority board vote or a majority vote of non-developer interests. We receive fees for such property management services which are collected monthly in advance and are based upon total costs to operate such resorts (or as services are provided in the case of resort renovation activities). Fees for property management services typically approximate 10% of budgeted operating expenses. We are entitled to consideration for reimbursement of costs incurred on behalf of the property owners’ association in providing the management servicesdirected our marketing efforts towards higher Fair Isaac Corporation (“reimbursable revenue”FICO”). These reimbursable costs principally relate to the payroll costs for management of the associations, club and resort properties where we are the employer and are reflected as a component of Operating expenses on the Consolidated Statements of (Loss)/Income. We reduce management fees for amounts paid to the property owners’ association that reflect maintenance fees for VOIs for scores, which we retain ownership, asexpect will continue to strengthen our receivables portfolio going forward. Additionally, we have concluded that such payments are consideration payableclosed certain unprofitable marketing and sales locations and shifted marketing channels and resources to our most productive channels. All of these changes were designed to result in higher volume per guest (“VPG”), which is a customer.measure of sales efficiency and is strongly correlated to profitability.

Property management fee revenues are recognized whenFor certain of the services are performedevents, uncertainties, trends, and are recorded as a componentrisks associated with the impact of Servicethe COVID-19 pandemic on our future results and membership feesfinancial condition, see “Risks Related to the COVID-19 Pandemic” included in Part I, Item 1A of this Annual Report filed on the Consolidated Statements of (Loss)/Income. Property management revenues, which are comprised of management fee revenue and reimbursable revenue, were (in millions):
202020192018
Management fee revenue$343 $394 $314 
Reimbursable revenues252 308 351 
Property management revenues$595 $702 $665 
Form 10-K.

One of the associations that we manage paid our Travel and Membership segment $27 million for exchange services during 2020, and $29 million during both 2019 and 2018.

Within our Vacation Ownership segment, we measure operating performance using the following key operating statistics: (i) gross VOI sales including Fee-for-Service sales before the effect of loan loss provisions, (ii) tours, which represents the number of tours taken by guests in our efforts to sell VOIs, and (iii) VPG, which represents revenue per guest and is calculated by dividing the gross VOI sales (excluding tele-sales upgrades, which are non-tour upgrade sales) by the number of tours.

Travel and Membership
As a provider of vacation exchange services, we enter into affiliation agreementsOur Travel and Membership business is headquartered in Orlando, Florida, pursuant to several leases which begin to expire in 2025. The business also owns one property in Indianapolis, Indiana, and one property in Mexico. There are 18 leased offices located in Europe, Latin America, Asia Pacific, North America, and Africa with developers of vacation ownership propertiesexpiration dates between 2022 through 2029. All leases that are due to allow owners of VOIsexpire in 2022 are presently under review related to trade their intervals for intervals at other properties affiliated with our vacation exchange network and, for some members, for other leisure-related services and products.ongoing requirements.

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ITEM 3.    LEGAL PROCEEDINGS
We are involved in various claims and lawsuits arising in the ordinary course of business, none of which, in the opinion of management, is expected to have a material adverse effect on our results of operations, financial condition or cash flows. See Note 20—Commitments and Contingencies to the Consolidated Financial Statements for a description of claims and legal actions arising in the ordinary course of our business and Note 29—Transactions with Former Parent and Former Subsidiaries to the Consolidated Financial Statements for a description of our obligations regarding Cendant contingent litigation, matters related to Wyndham Hotels, matters related to the European vacation rentals business, and matters related to the North American vacation rentals business.

ITEM 4.    MINE SAFETY DISCLOSURES
Not applicable.
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PART II
ITEM 5.    MARKET FOR REGISTRANT’S COMMON EQUITY, RELATED STOCKHOLDER MATTERS AND ISSUER PURCHASES OF EQUITY SECURITIES
Market Price of Common Stock
Our common stock is listed on the New York Stock Exchange under the symbol “TNL.” As of January 31, 2022, the number of stockholders of record was 4,378. The equity plan compensation information called for by Item 201(d) of Regulation S-K is set forth in Part III, Item 12 of this Annual Report on Form 10-K under the heading “Equity Compensation Plan Information as of December 31, 2021.”

Issuer Purchases of Equity Securities
Below is a summary of our Travel + Leisure Co. common stock repurchases by month for the quarter ended December 31, 2021:
ISSUER PURCHASES OF EQUITY SECURITIES
PeriodTotal Number
of Shares
Purchased
Average Price
Paid per Share
Total Number of
Shares
Purchased as
Part of Publicly
Announced Plan
Approximate Dollar
Value of Shares that
May Yet Be Purchased
Under the Publicly
Announced Plan
(b)
October 2021 (October 1-31)18,550 $53.88 18,550 $353,258,681 
November 2021 (November 1-30)187,431 55.17 187,431 342,917,685 
December 2021 (a) (December 1-31)
289,974 51.44 289,974 328,002,326 
Total (a)
495,955 $52.94 495,955 $328,002,326 

(a)Includes 24,519 shares purchased for which the trade date occurred in December 2021 and settled in January 2022.
(b)On August 20, 2007, our Board of Directors (“Board”) authorized the repurchase of our common stock (the “Share Repurchase Program”). Under the Share Repurchase Program, we are authorized to repurchase shares through open market purchases, privately-negotiated transactions, or otherwise in accordance with applicable federal securities laws, including through Rule 10b5-1 trading plans and under Rule 10b-18 of the Exchange Act. The Share Repurchase Program has no time limit and may be suspended or discontinued completely at any time. The Board has since increased the capacity of the Share Repurchase Program eight times, most recently on October 23, 2017, by $1.0 billion, bringing the total authorization under the program to $6.0 billion. Proceeds received from stock option exercises have increased the repurchase capacity by $81 million since the inception of this program. Under our current and prior stock repurchase plans, the total authorization is $6.8 billion. See the “Share Repurchase Program” section included in Item 7 of this Annual Report on Form 10-K for further information on the Share Repurchase Program.

For a description of limitations on the payment of our dividends, see the “Dividends” section included in Item 7 of this Annual Report on Form 10-K.

Stock Performance Graph
The Stock Performance Graph is not deemed filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”) and shall not be deemed incorporated by reference into any of our prior or future filings made with the SEC.

The following Stock Performance Graph compares the cumulative total stockholder return of our common stock against the cumulative total returns of the Standard & Poor’s Rating Services (“S&P”) Midcap 400 index and the S&P Hotels, Resorts & Cruise Lines index for the period from December 31, 2016, to December 31, 2021. The graph assumes that $100 was invested on December 31, 2016, and all dividends and other distributions were reinvested.
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COMPARISON OF 5 YEAR CUMULATIVE TOTAL RETURN (a)
Among Travel + Leisure Co., the S&P Midcap 400 Index
and the S&P Hotels, Resorts, & Cruise Lines Index

wyn-20211231_g1.jpg

(a)$100 invested on December 31, 2016, in stock or index, including reinvestment of dividends.
Cumulative Total Return
Fiscal year ending December 31: 201620172018201920202021
Travel + Leisure Co.$100.00 $155.42 $110.31 $165.53 $150.55 $189.63 
S&P Midcap 400$100.00 $116.24 $103.36 $130.44 $148.26 $184.97 
S&P Hotels, Resorts & Cruise Lines$100.00 $149.09 $122.16 $167.42 $124.10 $148.72 
The stock price performance included in this graph is not necessarily indicative of future stock price performance.

ITEM 6.    [Reserved]

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ITEM 7.    MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS
BUSINESS AND OVERVIEW
We are a global provider of hospitality services and travel products and operate our business in the following two segments:
Vacation Ownership — develops, markets and sells vacation ownership interests (“VOIs”) to individual consumers, provides consumer financing in connection with the sale of VOIs, and provides property management services at resorts.
Travel and Membership — operates a variety of travel businesses, including three vacation exchange brands, a home exchange network, travel technology platforms, travel memberships, and direct-to-consumer rentals.

Travel + Leisure Brand Acquisition
On January 5, 2021, Wyndham Destinations, Inc. acquired the Travel + Leisure brand and related assets from Meredith Corporation (“Meredith”) for $100 million, of which $55 million was paid during 2021. The remaining payments are to be completed by June 2024. This acquisition included Travel + Leisure branded travel clubs and members. We acquired the Travel + Leisure brand to accelerate our strategic plan to broaden our reach with the launch of new travel services, expand our membership travel business, and amplify the global visibility of our leisure travel products. Meredith will continue to operate and monetize Travel + Leisure branded multi-platform media assets across multiple channels under a 30-year royalty-free, renewable licensing relationship. In connection with this acquisition, on February 17, 2021, Wyndham Destinations, Inc. was renamed Travel + Leisure Co. and continues to trade on the New York Stock Exchange under the new ticker symbol TNL.

In connection with the Travel + Leisure brand acquisition we updated the names and composition of our reportable segments to better align with how they are managed. We created the Travel + Leisure Group which falls under the Travel and Membership segment along with the Panorama business line. With the formation of the Travel + Leisure Group, we decided that the operations of our Extra Holidays business, which focuses on direct-to-consumer bookings, better aligns with the operations of this new business line and therefore transitioned the management of our Extra Holidays business to the Travel and Membership segment. As such, we reclassified the results of our Extra Holidays business, which were previously reported within the Vacation Ownership segment, into the Travel and Membership segment.

Impact of COVID-19 on Our Business
The results of operations for the years ended December 31, 2021 and 2020 include impacts related to the novel coronavirus global pandemic (“COVID-19”), which have been significantly negative for the travel industry, our company, our customers, and our employees.

Our response to COVID-19 initially focused on the health and safety of our owners, members, guests, and employees when we closed the majority of our resorts and sales centers in early 2020. As a result, we significantly reduced our workforce and furloughed thousands of employees at that time. As of December 31, 2021, we had reopened all of the resorts and sales offices in North America that we expect to reopen. The remaining closed resorts and sales offices that we intend to reopen are located in the South Pacific and are expected to reopen in 2022, contingent upon the lifting of government imposed travel restrictions. As a result of reopening substantially all of our resorts, the majority of furloughed employees have returned to work.

Given the significant impacts of COVID-19 on our business, our revenues have been negatively impacted. While revenues are continuing to recover, not all product and service lines have yet reached pre-pandemic levels, and we believe that COVID-19 will continue to have an adverse effect on our financial condition and results of operations in the near term. Despite some volatility with recent spikes in COVID-19 case-counts as a result of variants, in general, we are seeing a broad increase in consumer confidence as well as a reduction in travel restrictions. These factors combined with progress in the roll-out of vaccinations have continued to help travel sentiment improve. Assuming travel sentiment continues to improve, we expect increases in both VOI sales and new owner mix in 2022. We also expect an increase in the percentage of financed VOI sales, which would impact our allowance for loan losses.

During the year ended December 31, 2021, we reversed $61 million of COVID-19 charges, compared to $385 million of charges incurred in 2020. The $61 million of net reversals during 2021 included the release of $91 million of the COVID-19 related allowance for loan losses. See Note 26—COVID-19 Related Items to the Consolidated Financial Statements for additional details on the impact COVID-19 had on our business.

Included in the $385 million of COVID-19 related charges for the year ended December 31, 2020, was a $225 million COVID-19 related loan loss provision recorded during the first quarter as a result of our evaluation of the impact of COVID-19
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on our owners’ ability to repay their vacation ownership contract receivables (“VOCRs”). As we began to see an improvement in net new defaults and lower than expected unemployment rates, we reduced this provision by $20 million in the fourth quarter of 2020.

Since the time the COVID-19 related allowance was established in March 2020, we have reversed $111 million of the initial $225 million provision. After considering write-offs and the allowance for remaining likely defaults associated with loans that were granted payment deferrals, we have no COVID-19 related allowances as of December 31, 2021.

As a precautionary measure to enhance liquidity during the pandemic, in the first quarter of 2020, we drew down our $1.0 billion revolving credit facility and suspended share repurchase activity. In the third quarter of 2020, we amended the credit agreement governing our revolving credit facility and term loan B (“First Amendment”), which provided financial covenant flexibility during the relief period that commenced on July 15, 2020 and was scheduled to end on April 1, 2022 (the “Relief Period”). During the Relief Period we were prohibited from using cash for share repurchases but maintained our ability to pay dividends and make investments in our business. During 2021 we repaid the $1.0 billion revolving credit facility, the $250 million 5.625% secured notes due March 2021, and the $650 million 4.25% secured notes due March 2022. On October 22, 2021, we renewed the credit agreement governing our revolving credit facility and term loan B (“Second Amendment”), which terminated the Relief Period, established new thresholds for our financial covenant ratios and eliminated the restrictions regarding share repurchases, dividends, and acquisitions established by the First Amendment. In connection with entering the Second Amendment, we resumed share repurchases during the fourth quarter of 2021.

As part of our reopening strategy, we focused on higher margin owner business by leveraging our owner upgrade pipeline. Prior to the pandemic, just under 40% of our sales transactions were to lower margin new owners as compared to 28% during 2021.

We also raised our credit standards and directed our marketing efforts towards higher Fair Isaac Corporation (“FICO”) scores, which we expect will continue to strengthen our receivables portfolio going forward. Additionally, we closed certain unprofitable marketing and sales locations and shifted marketing channels and resources to our most productive channels. All of these changes were designed to result in higher volume per guest (“VPG”), which is a measure of sales efficiency and is strongly correlated to profitability.

For certain of the events, uncertainties, trends, and risks associated with the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on our future results and financial condition, see “Risks Related to the COVID-19 Pandemic” included in Part I, Item 1A of this Annual Report filed on Form 10-K.

Alliance Reservations Network Acquisition
On August 7, 2019, we acquired Alliance Reservations Network (“ARN”) for $102 million ($97 million net of cash acquired). ARN provides private-label travel booking technology solutions. This acquisition was undertaken for the purpose of accelerating growth at Travel and Membership by increasing the offerings available to its members and affiliates. See Note 5—Acquisitions to the Consolidated Financial Statements for additional details. ARN is reported within the Travel and Membership segment.

North American Vacation Rentals Business Sale
During 2019 we closed on the sale of our North American vacation rentals business for $162 million. This business did not meet the criteria to be classified as a discontinued operation; therefore, the results of operations are reflected within continuing operations on the Consolidated Statements of Income/(Loss) through the date of sale.

SEGMENT OVERVIEW
Vacation Ownership
We develop, market, and sell VOIs to individual consumers, provide consumer financing in connection with the sale of VOIs, and provide property management services at resorts. Our sales of VOIs are either cash sales or developer-financed sales. Developer-financed sales are typically collateralized by the underlying VOI. Revenue is recognized on VOI sales upon transfer of control, which is defined as the point in time when a binding sales contract has been executed, the financing contract has been executed for the remaining transaction price, the statutory rescission period has expired, and the transaction price has been deemed to be collectible.

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For developer-financed sales, we reduce the VOI sales transaction price by an estimate of uncollectible consideration at the time of the sale. Our estimates of uncollectible amounts are based largely on the results of our static pool analysis which relies on historical payment data by customer class.

In connection with entering into a VOI sale, we may provide our customers with certain non-cash incentives, such as credits for future stays at our resorts. For those VOI sales, we bifurcate the sale and allocate the sales price between the VOI sale and the non-cash incentive. Non-cash incentives generally have expiration periods of 18 months or less and are recognized at a point in time upon transfer of control.

We provide day-to-day property management services including oversight of housekeeping services, maintenance, and certain accounting and administrative services for property owners’ associations and clubs. These services may also include reservation and resort renovation activities. Such agreements are generally for terms of one year or less, and are renewed automatically on an annual basis. Our management agreements contain cancellation clauses, which allow for either party to cancel the agreement, by either a majority board vote or a majority vote of non-developer interests. We receive fees for such property management services which are collected monthly in advance and are based upon total costs to operate such resorts (or as services are provided in the case of resort renovation activities). Fees for property management services typically approximate 10% of budgeted operating expenses. We are entitled to consideration for reimbursement of costs incurred on behalf of the property owners’ association in providing the management services (“reimbursable revenue”). These reimbursable costs principally relate to the payroll costs for management of the associations, club and resort properties where we are the employer and are reflected as a component of Operating expenses on the Consolidated Statements of Income/(Loss). We reduce our management fees for amounts paid to the property owners’ association that reflect maintenance fees for VOIs for which we retain ownership, as we have concluded that such payments are consideration payable to a customer.

Property management fee revenues are recognized when the services are performed and are recorded as a component of Service and membership fees on the Consolidated Statements of Income/(Loss). Property management revenues, which are comprised of management fee revenue and reimbursable revenue, for the years ended December 31, were (in millions) (a):
202120202019
Management fee revenue$358 $331 $365 
Reimbursable revenues313 252 307 
Property management revenues$671 $583 $672 
(a)Reflects the impact of reclassifying the Extra Holidays business line from the Vacation Ownership segment to Travel and Membership.

One of the associations that we manage paid our Travel and Membership segment $30 million for exchange services during 2021, $27 million during 2020, and $29 million during 2019.

Within our Vacation Ownership segment, we measure operating performance using the following key operating statistics: (i) gross VOI sales including Fee-for-Service sales before the effect of loan loss provisions, (ii) tours, which represents the number of tours taken by guests in our efforts to sell VOIs, and (iii) VPG, which represents revenue per guest and is calculated by dividing the gross VOI sales (excluding tele-sales upgrades, which are non-tour upgrade sales) by the number of tours.

Travel and Membership
Travel and Membership derives a majority of revenues from membership dues and fees for facilitating members’ trading of their intervals. Revenues from membership dues represent the fees paid by members or affiliated clubs on their behalf. We recognize revenues from membership dues paid by the member on a straight-line basis over the membership period as the
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performance obligations are fulfilled through delivery of publications, if applicable, and by providing access to travel-related products and services. Estimated net contract consideration payable by affiliated clubs for memberships is recognized as revenue over the term of the contract with the affiliated club in proportion to the estimated average monthly member count. Such estimates are adjusted periodically for changes in the actual and forecasted member activity. For additional fees, members have the right to exchange their intervals for intervals at other properties affiliated with our vacation exchange networks and, for certain members, for other leisure-related services and products. We also derive revenue from facilitating bookings of travel accommodations for both members and non-members. Revenue is recognized when these transactions have been confirmed, net of expected cancellations.cancellations; except in certain transactions where we have a performance obligation that is not satisfied until the time of stay.

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As a provider of vacation exchange services, we enter into affiliation agreements with developers of vacation ownership properties to allow owners of VOIs to trade their intervals for intervals at other properties affiliated with our vacation exchange network and, for some members, for other leisure-related services and products.

Our vacation exchange business also derives revenues from programs with affiliated resorts, club servicing, and loyalty programs; and additional exchange-related products that provide members with the ability to protect trading power or points, extend the life of deposits, and combine two or more deposits for the opportunity to exchange into intervals with higher trading power. Other vacation exchange relatedexchange-related product fees are deferred and recognized as revenue upon the occurrence of a future exchange, event, or other related transaction.

We also derive revenue from other travel products and services, enabled as a result of our 2019 acquisition of ARN and via our resort services solution business, optimizing business to business (“B2B”) capabilities, and integration for consumer travel planning. Our relationships and buying power with major travel suppliers provide our partners with access to some of the most compelling travel inventory in the industry. Our affiliates and members enjoy inventory from accommodation wholesalers, airfare, and rental car providers.

We earn revenue from our RCI Elite Rewards co–branded credit card program, which is primarily generated by cardholder spending and the enrollment of new cardholders. The advance payments received under the program are recognized as a contract liability until our performance obligations have been satisfied. The primary performance obligation for the program relates to brand performance services. Total contract consideration is estimated and recognized on a straight-line basis over the contract term.

Prior to the sale of our vacation rental businesses, our vacation rental brands derived revenue from fees associated with the rental of vacation properties we managed and marketed by Travel and Membership on behalf of independent owners. We remitted the rental fee received from the renter to the independent owner, net of our agreed-upon fee. The related revenue from such fees, net of expected refunds, was recognized over the renter’s stay. Our vacation rental brands also derived revenues from additional services delivered to independent owners, vacation rental guests, and property owners’ associations which were generally recognized when the service was delivered.

Within our Travel and Membership segment, we measure operating performance using the following key operating statistics: (i) average number of vacation exchange members, which represents paid members in our vacation exchange programs who are current on their annual membership dues, or within the allowed grace period, and are entitled, for additional fees,considered to exchange their intervals for intervals at other properties affiliated with our exchange network and, for certain members, for other leisure-related services and products, andbe in good standings, (ii) exchange revenue per member,transactions, which represents total revenues generated from fees associated with memberships, exchange transactions, and other servicing for the period divided by the average number of vacation exchange membersbookings recognized as revenue during the period.period, net of cancellations, provided in two categories; Exchange, which is primarily RCI, and non-Exchange, and (iii) revenue per transaction, which represents transactional revenue divided by transactions, provided in two categories; Exchange, which is primarily RCI, and non-Exchange.

Other Items
We record property management services revenues and RCI Elite Rewards revenues for our Vacation Ownership and Travel and Membership segments in accordance with the guidance for reporting revenues gross as a principal versus net as an agent, which requires that these revenues be recorded on a gross basis.

Discussed below are our consolidated results of operations and the results of operations for each of our reportable segments. These reportable segments represent our operating segments for which discrete financial information is available and which are utilized on a regular basis by our chief operating decision maker to assess performance and to allocate resources. In identifying the reportable segments, we also consider the nature of services provided by our operating segments. Management uses net revenues and Adjusted EBITDA to assess the performance of the reportable segments. We define Adjusted EBITDA as Net income/(loss)/income from continuing operations before Depreciation and amortization, Interest expense (excluding Consumer financing interest), early extinguishment of debt, Interest income (excluding Consumer financing revenues) and income taxes. Adjusted EBITDA also excludes stock-based compensation costs, separation and restructuring costs, legacy items, transaction costs for acquisitions and divestitures, impairments, gains and losses on sale/disposition of business, and items that meet the conditions of unusual and/or infrequent. Legacy items include the resolution of and adjustments to certain contingent assets and liabilities related to acquisitions of continuing businesses and dispositions, including the separation of Wyndham Hotels, Inc. (“Wyndham Hotels”) and Cendant, and the sale of the vacation rentals businesses. We believe that Adjusted EBITDA is a useful measure of performance for our segments which, when considered with Generally Accepted Accounting Principlesgenerally accepted accounting principles in the U.S. (“GAAP”) measures, gives a more complete understanding of our
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operating performance. Our presentation of Adjusted EBITDA may not be comparable to similarly-titled measures used by other companies.

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OPERATING STATISTICS
The table below presents our operating statistics for the years ended December 31, 20202021 and 2019.2020. These operating statistics are the drivers of our revenues and therefore provide an enhanced understanding of our businesses. Refer to the Results of Operations section for a discussion on how these operating statistics affected our business for the periods presented.
Year Ended December 31,
20202019
% Change (h)
Vacation Ownership (a)
Gross VOI sales (in millions) (b) (i)
$967 $2,355 (58.9)
Tours (in 000s) (c)
333 945 (64.8)
Volume Per Guest (“VPG”) (d)
$2,486 $2,381 4.4
Travel and Membership (a)
Average number of members (in 000s) (e)
3,749 3,887 (3.5)
Exchange revenue per member (f)
$126.48 $166.54 (24.1)
Transactions (in 000s) (g)
Exchange transactions762 1,493 (49.0)
Non-exchange transactions278 163 70.3
Total Travel and Membership transactions1,040 1,656 (37.2)

Year Ended December 31,
20212020
% Change (h)
Vacation Ownership
Gross VOI sales (in millions) (a) (i)
$1,491 $967 54.1
Tours (in 000s) (b)
451 333 35.7
Volume Per Guest (“VPG”) (c)
$3,143 $2,486 26.4
Travel and Membership (d)
Transactions (in 000s) (e)
Exchange1,182 762 55.0
Non-exchange778 458 69.8
Total transactions1,960 1,220 60.6
Revenue per transaction(f)
Exchange$322 $324 (0.6)
Non-exchange$205 $148 38.0
Total revenue per transaction$275 $258 6.8
Average number of exchange members (in 000s) (g)
3,721 3,749 (0.7)
(a)Includes the impact from acquisitions from the acquisition dates forward.
(b)Represents total sales of VOIs, including sales under the Fee-for-Service program before the effect of loan loss provisions. We believe that Gross VOI sales provide an enhanced understanding of the performance of our vacation ownership business because it directly measures the sales volume of this business during a given reporting period.
(c)(b)Represents the number of tours taken by guests in our efforts to sell VOIs.
(d)(c)VPG is calculated by dividing Gross VOI sales (excluding tele-sales upgrades, which are non-tour upgrade sales) by the number of tours. We believe that VPG provides an enhanced understanding of the performance of our vacation ownership business because it directly measures the efficiency of this business’sbusiness’ tour selling efforts during a given reporting period.
(d)Includes the impact from acquisitions from the acquisition dates forward
(e)Represents the number of vacation bookings recognized as revenue during the period, net of cancellations.
(f)Represents transactional revenue divided by transactions.
(g)Represents paid members in our vacation exchange programs who are current on their annual membership dues or within the allowed grace period.
(f)Represents total revenues generated from fees associated with memberships, exchange transactions, and other servicing for the period divided by the average number of vacation exchange members during the period.
(g)Represents the number of vacation transactions booked during the period, net of cancellations. Given recent acquisitions, we willconsidered to be reporting transactions as a key operating metric for our Travel and Membership segment beginning in 2021. We provided the 2020 and 2019 data in advance of this change.good standing.
(h)Change percentagesPercentage of change may not calculate due to rounding.
(i)The following table provides a reconciliation of Vacation ownership interest sales, net to Gross VOI sales for the years ended December 31, (in millions):
20202019
Vacation ownership interest sales, net$505 $1,848 
Loan loss provision415 479 
Gross VOI sales, net of Fee-for-Service sales920 2,327 
Fee-for-Service sales (1)
47 28 
Gross VOI sales$967 $2,355 

20212020
Vacation ownership interest sales, net$1,176 $505 
Loan loss provision129 415 
Gross VOI sales, net of Fee-for-Service sales1,305 920 
Fee-for-Service sales (1)
186 47 
Gross VOI sales$1,491 $967 
(1)     Represents total sales of VOIs through our Fee-for-Service programs where inventory is sold through our sales and marketing channels for a commission. Fee-for-Service commission revenues were $101 million and $22 million for the years ended December 31, 2021 and $18 million during 2020 and 2019.2020. These commissions are reported within Service and membership fees on the Consolidated Statements of Income/(Loss)/Income..

Our 2020 operating statistics include the impactsThe closures of COVID-19 which were significantly negative for the travel industry, our company,resorts and suspension of our customers,sales and our employees. Inmarketing operations in response to COVID-19 our Vacation Ownership segment temporarily closed its resorts in mid-March 2020 across the globe and suspended its sales and marketing operations. These closures resulted in lower tours which negatively impacted gross VOI sales.sales at our Vacation Ownership segment. In our Travel and Membership segment, affiliate resort closures and regional travel restrictions contributed to decreased bookings and increased cancellations, which resulted in lower net transactions averageand revenue per transaction during 2020. In 2021, we experienced significant improvements in VOI sales, tours, VPG, the number of members,Travel and averageMembership transactions, and revenue per member during 2020. Thetransaction; however, not all product and service lines have yet returned to pre-pandemic levels. We expect the impact of COVID-19 on our operating statistics is expected to continue into 2021.2022; however we do not expect to incur the same level of COVID-19 impact on our revenues or the level of COVID-19 expenses that we did in 2020.

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Table of Contents



RESULTS OF OPERATIONSVacation Ownership
Our consolidated resultsVacation Ownership business has its main corporate operations in Orlando, Florida, pursuant to several leases which begin to expire in 2025. Our Vacation Ownership business also has leased space in; Las Vegas, Nevada; the Philippines; Australia; and Singapore, with various expiration dates between 2022 and 2056. Our Vacation Ownership business leases space for administrative functions in Las Vegas, Nevada, that expires in 2028. In addition, our Vacation Ownership business utilizes 145 marketing and sales offices with 115 locations in the years ended December 31, 2020, versus December 31, 2019,U.S. and the remaining locations in Australia, the Caribbean, Thailand, Mexico, Fiji, New Zealand, Indonesia, China, and the Philippines. Of these 145 marketing and sales offices, 66 are as follows (in millions):
Year Ended December 31,
20202019Favorable/ (Unfavorable)
Net revenues$2,160 $4,043 $(1,883)
Expenses2,265 3,299 1,034 
Gain on sale of business— (68)(68)
Operating (loss)/income(105)812 (917)
Other (income), net(14)(23)(9)
Interest expense192 162 (30)
Interest (income)(7)(7)— 
(Loss)/income before income taxes(276)680 (956)
(Benefit)/provision for income taxes(23)191 214 
Net (loss)/income from continuing operations(253)489 (742)
(Loss)/gain on disposal of discontinued business, net of income taxes(2)18 (20)
Net (loss)/income attributable to Travel + Leisure shareholders$(255)$507 $(762)
pursuant to leases with various expiration dates between 2022 and 2056. All leases that are due to expire in 2022 are presently under review related to our ongoing requirements.

Net revenues decreased $1.88 billion during 2020 compared with 2019. During 2020
Travel and in anticipation of increased defaults on VOCRs due to the impact of COVID-19, we recorded an additional $205 million provision which negatively impacted revenues and a corresponding $48 million benefit to cost of vacation ownership interests, representing estimated recoveries related to the additional provision. The net negative impact of the additional provision related to COVID-19 on Adjusted EBITDA was $157 million. Revenue decrease of $1.88 billion (46.5%) was unfavorably impacted by foreign currency of $4 million (0.1%). The remaining decrease in net revenues after the impact of the additional provision, excluding foreign currency impact, was primarily the result of:Membership
$1.31 billion of decreased revenues in our Vacation Ownership segment due to decreased net VOI sales as a result of the temporary closure of our resorts and suspension of sales and marketing operations directly related to COVID-19 and decreased property management revenues, consumer financing revenues, and ancillary revenues; and
$367 million decrease in revenues in ourOur Travel and Membership segment driven by the absence of vacation rentals revenue as a result of the sale of thebusiness is headquartered in Orlando, Florida, pursuant to several leases which begin to expire in 2025. The business also owns one property in Indianapolis, Indiana, and one property in Mexico. There are 18 leased offices located in Europe, Latin America, Asia Pacific, North American vacation rentals business in October 2019,America, and the negative impact of COVID-19, partially offset by an increase in revenue at ARN, which was acquired in August 2019.

Expenses decreased $1.03 billion during 2020 comparedAfrica with 2019. The decrease in expenses of $1.03 billion (31.3%) was impacted by favorable foreign currency of $3 million (0.1%). Excluding foreign currency impact, the decrease in expenses was the result of:
$327 million decrease in marketing costs primarilyexpiration dates between 2022 through 2029. All leases that are due to the temporary suspension of sales and marketing operations;
$326 million decreaseexpire in sales and commission expenses primarily due to lower gross VOI sales as a result of COVID-19;
$194 million decrease in costs due to the sale of the North American vacation rentals business;
$183 million decrease in the cost of VOIs sold primarily due to lower gross VOI sales, including the $48 million benefit representing estimated recoveries2022 are presently under review related to the additional provision for loan losses associated with COVID-19;
$90 million decrease in property management expenses primarily due to lower management fees;
$70 million decrease in general and administrative expenses related to COVID-19 impacts;
$56 million decrease in Travel and Membership operating expenses associated with lower exchange and related service revenues driven by COVID-19 impacts and cost saving initiatives; and
$45 million decrease in separation costs; partially offset by
$88 million increase for COVID-19 related costs primarily due to workforce reduction;
$48 million increase due to the write-down of exchange inventory;
$44 million increase in maintenance fees on unsold inventory primarily due to the temporary closure of our resorts resulting in the inability to recover a portion of these costs;
$30 million increase in restructuring expense primarily due to COVID-19 impacts;
$29 million increase in impairments driven by COVID-19; and
$20 million of increased revenue-related expenses from the ARN business.ongoing requirements.

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Gain on sale of business was $68 million during 2019 due to the sale of the North American vacation rentals business.

Other income, net of other expense decreased $9 million during 2020 compared with 2019, due to the gain on sale of a building in 2019, higher business interruption recoveries in 2019, an unfavorable tax settlement in 2020, and decreased income from a profit share agreement at the Travel and Membership segment.

Interest expense increased $30 million during 2020 compared with 2019 due to higher average outstanding revolving credit facility balances driven by the drawdown of our $1.0 billion secured revolving credit facility as a precautionary measure due to COVID-19 and interest on the $650 million 6.625% secured notes issued in 2020 and the $350 million 4.625% secured notes issued in December 2019.

Our effective tax rates were 8.3% and 28.1% for the years ended December 31 2020 and 2019. The change in the effective tax rate is primarily due to the impacts of COVID-19 on our taxable earnings. Increases in valuation allowances on the deferred tax assets reduced the overall effective tax rate. In addition, the jurisdictional composition resulted in profits within higher tax rate jurisdictions and losses in lower tax rate jurisdictions, which significantly impacted the overall effective tax rate.

Our 2019 results of operations reflect a negative impact from hurricane Dorian. We estimate that the hurricane reduced revenues, Adjusted EBITDA, and net income by $20 million, $11 million, and $8 million.

Loss on disposal of discontinued businesses, net of income taxes was $2 million during 2020 resulting from a tax audit, net of Wyndham Hotels’ one-third share, related to the European vacation rentals business. Gain on disposal of discontinued businesses, net of income taxes was $18 million during 2019 mainly due to tax benefits associated with additional foreign tax credit utilization, lower than anticipated state income taxes, and the release of funds held in escrow related to the sale of the European vacation rentals business in 2018.

As a result of these items, Net loss attributable to Travel + Leisure shareholders was $255 million in 2020 as compared with Net income attributable to Travel + Leisure shareholders of $507 million in 2019.
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Following is a discussion of the 2020 results of each of our segments compared to 2019 (in millions):
Year Ended December 31,
Net revenues20202019
Vacation Ownership$1,637 $3,151 
Travel and Membership528 898 
Total reportable segments2,165 4,049 
Corporate and other (a)
(5)(6)
Total Company$2,160 $4,043 
Year Ended December 31,
Reconciliation of Net income to Adjusted EBITDA20202019
Net (loss)/income attributable to Travel + Leisure shareholders$(255)$507 
Loss/(gain) on disposal of discontinued business, net of income taxes(18)
(Benefit from)/provision for income taxes(23)191 
Depreciation and amortization126 121 
Interest expense192 162 
Interest (income)(7)(7)
Gain on sale of business— (68)
Asset impairments (b)
57 27 
COVID-19 related costs (c)
56 — 
Exchange inventory write-off48 — 
Restructuring39 
Stock-based compensation20 20 
Legacy items (d)
Acquisition and divestiture related costs— 
Separation and related costs (e)
— 45 
Adjusted EBITDA$259 $991 
Year Ended December 31,
Adjusted EBITDA20202019
Vacation Ownership$121 $756 
Travel and Membership191 289 
Total reportable segments312 1,045 
Corporate and other (a)
(53)(54)
Total Company$259 $991 

(a)Includes the elimination of transactions between segments.
(b)Includes $5 million of bad debt expense related to a note receivable for the year ended December 31, 2020, included in Operating Expenses on the Consolidated Statements of (Loss)/Income.
(c)Reflects severance and other employee costs associated with layoffs due to the COVID-19 workforce reduction offset in part by employee retention credits received in connection with the U.S. CARES Act and similar international programs for wages paid to certain employees despite having operations suspended. This amount does not include costs associated with idle pay.
(d)Represents the resolution of and adjustment to certain contingent liabilities resulting from the Spin-off, the sale of the European vacation rentals business, and our separation from Cendant.
(e)Includes $4 million of stock based compensation expenses for the year ended 2019.

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ITEM 3.    LEGAL PROCEEDINGS
We are involved in various claims and lawsuits arising in the ordinary course of business, none of which, in the opinion of management, is expected to have a material adverse effect on our results of operations, financial condition or cash flows. See Note 20—Commitments and Contingencies to the Consolidated Financial Statements for a description of claims and legal actions arising in the ordinary course of our business and Note 29—Transactions with Former Parent and Former Subsidiaries to the Consolidated Financial Statements for a description of our obligations regarding Cendant contingent litigation, matters related to Wyndham Hotels, matters related to the European vacation rentals business, and matters related to the North American vacation rentals business.

ITEM 4.    MINE SAFETY DISCLOSURES
Not applicable.
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PART II
ITEM 5.    MARKET FOR REGISTRANT’S COMMON EQUITY, RELATED STOCKHOLDER MATTERS AND ISSUER PURCHASES OF EQUITY SECURITIES
Market Price of Common Stock
Our common stock is listed on the New York Stock Exchange under the symbol “TNL.” As of January 31, 2022, the number of stockholders of record was 4,378. The equity plan compensation information called for by Item 201(d) of Regulation S-K is set forth in Part III, Item 12 of this Annual Report on Form 10-K under the heading “Equity Compensation Plan Information as of December 31, 2021.”

Issuer Purchases of Equity Securities
Below is a summary of our Travel + Leisure Co. common stock repurchases by month for the quarter ended December 31, 2021:
ISSUER PURCHASES OF EQUITY SECURITIES
PeriodTotal Number
of Shares
Purchased
Average Price
Paid per Share
Total Number of
Shares
Purchased as
Part of Publicly
Announced Plan
Approximate Dollar
Value of Shares that
May Yet Be Purchased
Under the Publicly
Announced Plan
(b)
October 2021 (October 1-31)18,550 $53.88 18,550 $353,258,681 
November 2021 (November 1-30)187,431 55.17 187,431 342,917,685 
December 2021 (a) (December 1-31)
289,974 51.44 289,974 328,002,326 
Total (a)
495,955 $52.94 495,955 $328,002,326 

(a)Includes 24,519 shares purchased for which the trade date occurred in December 2021 and settled in January 2022.
(b)On August 20, 2007, our Board of Directors (“Board”) authorized the repurchase of our common stock (the “Share Repurchase Program”). Under the Share Repurchase Program, we are authorized to repurchase shares through open market purchases, privately-negotiated transactions, or otherwise in accordance with applicable federal securities laws, including through Rule 10b5-1 trading plans and under Rule 10b-18 of the Exchange Act. The Share Repurchase Program has no time limit and may be suspended or discontinued completely at any time. The Board has since increased the capacity of the Share Repurchase Program eight times, most recently on October 23, 2017, by $1.0 billion, bringing the total authorization under the program to $6.0 billion. Proceeds received from stock option exercises have increased the repurchase capacity by $81 million since the inception of this program. Under our current and prior stock repurchase plans, the total authorization is $6.8 billion. See the “Share Repurchase Program” section included in Item 7 of this Annual Report on Form 10-K for further information on the Share Repurchase Program.

For a description of limitations on the payment of our dividends, see the “Dividends” section included in Item 7 of this Annual Report on Form 10-K.

Stock Performance Graph
The Stock Performance Graph is not deemed filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”) and shall not be deemed incorporated by reference into any of our prior or future filings made with the SEC.

The following Stock Performance Graph compares the cumulative total stockholder return of our common stock against the cumulative total returns of the Standard & Poor’s Rating Services (“S&P”) Midcap 400 index and the S&P Hotels, Resorts & Cruise Lines index for the period from December 31, 2016, to December 31, 2021. The graph assumes that $100 was invested on December 31, 2016, and all dividends and other distributions were reinvested.
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COMPARISON OF 5 YEAR CUMULATIVE TOTAL RETURN (a)
Among Travel + Leisure Co., the S&P Midcap 400 Index
and the S&P Hotels, Resorts, & Cruise Lines Index

wyn-20211231_g1.jpg

(a)$100 invested on December 31, 2016, in stock or index, including reinvestment of dividends.
Cumulative Total Return
Fiscal year ending December 31: 201620172018201920202021
Travel + Leisure Co.$100.00 $155.42 $110.31 $165.53 $150.55 $189.63 
S&P Midcap 400$100.00 $116.24 $103.36 $130.44 $148.26 $184.97 
S&P Hotels, Resorts & Cruise Lines$100.00 $149.09 $122.16 $167.42 $124.10 $148.72 
The stock price performance included in this graph is not necessarily indicative of future stock price performance.

ITEM 6.    [Reserved]

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ITEM 7.    MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS
BUSINESS AND OVERVIEW
We are a global provider of hospitality services and travel products and operate our business in the following two segments:
Vacation Ownership — develops, markets and sells vacation ownership interests (“VOIs”) to individual consumers, provides consumer financing in connection with the sale of VOIs, and provides property management services at resorts.
Travel and Membership — operates a variety of travel businesses, including three vacation exchange brands, a home exchange network, travel technology platforms, travel memberships, and direct-to-consumer rentals.

Travel + Leisure Brand Acquisition
On January 5, 2021, Wyndham Destinations, Inc. acquired the Travel + Leisure brand and related assets from Meredith Corporation (“Meredith”) for $100 million, of which $55 million was paid during 2021. The remaining payments are to be completed by June 2024. This acquisition included Travel + Leisure branded travel clubs and members. We acquired the Travel + Leisure brand to accelerate our strategic plan to broaden our reach with the launch of new travel services, expand our membership travel business, and amplify the global visibility of our leisure travel products. Meredith will continue to operate and monetize Travel + Leisure branded multi-platform media assets across multiple channels under a 30-year royalty-free, renewable licensing relationship. In connection with this acquisition, on February 17, 2021, Wyndham Destinations, Inc. was renamed Travel + Leisure Co. and continues to trade on the New York Stock Exchange under the new ticker symbol TNL.

In connection with the Travel + Leisure brand acquisition we updated the names and composition of our reportable segments to better align with how they are managed. We created the Travel + Leisure Group which falls under the Travel and Membership segment along with the Panorama business line. With the formation of the Travel + Leisure Group, we decided that the operations of our Extra Holidays business, which focuses on direct-to-consumer bookings, better aligns with the operations of this new business line and therefore transitioned the management of our Extra Holidays business to the Travel and Membership segment. As such, we reclassified the results of our Extra Holidays business, which were previously reported within the Vacation Ownership segment, into the Travel and Membership segment.

Impact of COVID-19 on Our Business
The results of operations for the years ended December 31, 2021 and 2020 include impacts related to the novel coronavirus global pandemic (“COVID-19”), which have been significantly negative for the travel industry, our company, our customers, and our employees.

Our response to COVID-19 initially focused on the health and safety of our owners, members, guests, and employees when we closed the majority of our resorts and sales centers in early 2020. As a result, we significantly reduced our workforce and furloughed thousands of employees at that time. As of December 31, 2021, we had reopened all of the resorts and sales offices in North America that we expect to reopen. The remaining closed resorts and sales offices that we intend to reopen are located in the South Pacific and are expected to reopen in 2022, contingent upon the lifting of government imposed travel restrictions. As a result of reopening substantially all of our resorts, the majority of furloughed employees have returned to work.

Given the significant impacts of COVID-19 on our business, our revenues have been negatively impacted. While revenues are continuing to recover, not all product and service lines have yet reached pre-pandemic levels, and we believe that COVID-19 will continue to have an adverse effect on our financial condition and results of operations in the near term. Despite some volatility with recent spikes in COVID-19 case-counts as a result of variants, in general, we are seeing a broad increase in consumer confidence as well as a reduction in travel restrictions. These factors combined with progress in the roll-out of vaccinations have continued to help travel sentiment improve. Assuming travel sentiment continues to improve, we expect increases in both VOI sales and new owner mix in 2022. We also expect an increase in the percentage of financed VOI sales, which would impact our allowance for loan losses.

During the year ended December 31, 2021, we reversed $61 million of COVID-19 charges, compared to $385 million of charges incurred in 2020. The $61 million of net reversals during 2021 included the release of $91 million of the COVID-19 related allowance for loan losses. See Note 26—COVID-19 Related Items to the Consolidated Financial Statements for additional details on the impact COVID-19 had on our business.

Included in the $385 million of COVID-19 related charges for the year ended December 31, 2020, was a $225 million COVID-19 related loan loss provision recorded during the first quarter as a result of our evaluation of the impact of COVID-19
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on our owners’ ability to repay their vacation ownership contract receivables (“VOCRs”). As we began to see an improvement in net new defaults and lower than expected unemployment rates, we reduced this provision by $20 million in the fourth quarter of 2020.

Since the time the COVID-19 related allowance was established in March 2020, we have reversed $111 million of the initial $225 million provision. After considering write-offs and the allowance for remaining likely defaults associated with loans that were granted payment deferrals, we have no COVID-19 related allowances as of December 31, 2021.

As a precautionary measure to enhance liquidity during the pandemic, in the first quarter of 2020, we drew down our $1.0 billion revolving credit facility and suspended share repurchase activity. In the third quarter of 2020, we amended the credit agreement governing our revolving credit facility and term loan B (“First Amendment”), which provided financial covenant flexibility during the relief period that commenced on July 15, 2020 and was scheduled to end on April 1, 2022 (the “Relief Period”). During the Relief Period we were prohibited from using cash for share repurchases but maintained our ability to pay dividends and make investments in our business. During 2021 we repaid the $1.0 billion revolving credit facility, the $250 million 5.625% secured notes due March 2021, and the $650 million 4.25% secured notes due March 2022. On October 22, 2021, we renewed the credit agreement governing our revolving credit facility and term loan B (“Second Amendment”), which terminated the Relief Period, established new thresholds for our financial covenant ratios and eliminated the restrictions regarding share repurchases, dividends, and acquisitions established by the First Amendment. In connection with entering the Second Amendment, we resumed share repurchases during the fourth quarter of 2021.

As part of our reopening strategy, we focused on higher margin owner business by leveraging our owner upgrade pipeline. Prior to the pandemic, just under 40% of our sales transactions were to lower margin new owners as compared to 28% during 2021.

We also raised our credit standards and directed our marketing efforts towards higher Fair Isaac Corporation (“FICO”) scores, which we expect will continue to strengthen our receivables portfolio going forward. Additionally, we closed certain unprofitable marketing and sales locations and shifted marketing channels and resources to our most productive channels. All of these changes were designed to result in higher volume per guest (“VPG”), which is a measure of sales efficiency and is strongly correlated to profitability.

For certain of the events, uncertainties, trends, and risks associated with the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on our future results and financial condition, see “Risks Related to the COVID-19 Pandemic” included in Part I, Item 1A of this Annual Report filed on Form 10-K.

Alliance Reservations Network Acquisition
On August 7, 2019, we acquired Alliance Reservations Network (“ARN”) for $102 million ($97 million net of cash acquired). ARN provides private-label travel booking technology solutions. This acquisition was undertaken for the purpose of accelerating growth at Travel and Membership by increasing the offerings available to its members and affiliates. See Note 5—Acquisitions to the Consolidated Financial Statements for additional details. ARN is reported within the Travel and Membership segment.

North American Vacation Rentals Business Sale
During 2019 we closed on the sale of our North American vacation rentals business for $162 million. This business did not meet the criteria to be classified as a discontinued operation; therefore, the results of operations are reflected within continuing operations on the Consolidated Statements of Income/(Loss) through the date of sale.

SEGMENT OVERVIEW
Vacation Ownership
We develop, market, and sell VOIs to individual consumers, provide consumer financing in connection with the sale of VOIs, and provide property management services at resorts. Our sales of VOIs are either cash sales or developer-financed sales. Developer-financed sales are typically collateralized by the underlying VOI. Revenue is recognized on VOI sales upon transfer of control, which is defined as the point in time when a binding sales contract has been executed, the financing contract has been executed for the remaining transaction price, the statutory rescission period has expired, and the transaction price has been deemed to be collectible.

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For developer-financed sales, we reduce the VOI sales transaction price by an estimate of uncollectible consideration at the time of the sale. Our estimates of uncollectible amounts are based largely on the results of our static pool analysis which relies on historical payment data by customer class.

In connection with entering into a VOI sale, we may provide our customers with certain non-cash incentives, such as credits for future stays at our resorts. For those VOI sales, we bifurcate the sale and allocate the sales price between the VOI sale and the non-cash incentive. Non-cash incentives generally have expiration periods of 18 months or less and are recognized at a point in time upon transfer of control.

We provide day-to-day property management services including oversight of housekeeping services, maintenance, and certain accounting and administrative services for property owners’ associations and clubs. These services may also include reservation and resort renovation activities. Such agreements are generally for terms of one year or less, and are renewed automatically on an annual basis. Our management agreements contain cancellation clauses, which allow for either party to cancel the agreement, by either a majority board vote or a majority vote of non-developer interests. We receive fees for such property management services which are collected monthly in advance and are based upon total costs to operate such resorts (or as services are provided in the case of resort renovation activities). Fees for property management services typically approximate 10% of budgeted operating expenses. We are entitled to consideration for reimbursement of costs incurred on behalf of the property owners’ association in providing the management services (“reimbursable revenue”). These reimbursable costs principally relate to the payroll costs for management of the associations, club and resort properties where we are the employer and are reflected as a component of Operating expenses on the Consolidated Statements of Income/(Loss). We reduce our management fees for amounts paid to the property owners’ association that reflect maintenance fees for VOIs for which we retain ownership, as we have concluded that such payments are consideration payable to a customer.

Property management fee revenues are recognized when the services are performed and are recorded as a component of Service and membership fees on the Consolidated Statements of Income/(Loss). Property management revenues, which are comprised of management fee revenue and reimbursable revenue, for the years ended December 31, were (in millions) (a):
202120202019
Management fee revenue$358 $331 $365 
Reimbursable revenues313 252 307 
Property management revenues$671 $583 $672 
(a)Reflects the impact of reclassifying the Extra Holidays business line from the Vacation Ownership segment to Travel and Membership.

One of the associations that we manage paid our Travel and Membership segment $30 million for exchange services during 2021, $27 million during 2020, and $29 million during 2019.

Within our Vacation Ownership segment, we measure operating performance using the following key operating statistics: (i) gross VOI sales including Fee-for-Service sales before the effect of loan loss provisions, (ii) tours, which represents the number of tours taken by guests in our efforts to sell VOIs, and (iii) VPG, which represents revenue per guest and is calculated by dividing the gross VOI sales (excluding tele-sales upgrades, which are non-tour upgrade sales) by the number of tours.

Travel and Membership
Travel and Membership derives a majority of revenues from membership dues and fees for facilitating members’ trading of their intervals. Revenues from membership dues represent the fees paid by members or affiliated clubs on their behalf. We recognize revenues from membership dues paid by the member on a straight-line basis over the membership period as the performance obligations are fulfilled through delivery of publications, if applicable, and by providing access to travel-related products and services. Estimated net contract consideration payable by affiliated clubs for memberships is recognized as revenue over the term of the contract with the affiliated club in proportion to the estimated average monthly member count. Such estimates are adjusted periodically for changes in the actual and forecasted member activity. For additional fees, members have the right to exchange their intervals for intervals at other properties affiliated with our vacation exchange networks and, for certain members, for other leisure-related services and products. We also derive revenue from facilitating bookings of travel accommodations for both members and non-members. Revenue is recognized when these transactions have been confirmed, net of expected cancellations; except in certain transactions where we have a performance obligation that is not satisfied until the time of stay.

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As a provider of vacation exchange services, we enter into affiliation agreements with developers of vacation ownership properties to allow owners of VOIs to trade their intervals for intervals at other properties affiliated with our vacation exchange network and, for some members, for other leisure-related services and products.

Our vacation exchange business also derives revenues from programs with affiliated resorts, club servicing, and loyalty programs; and additional exchange-related products that provide members with the ability to protect trading power or points, extend the life of deposits, and combine two or more deposits for the opportunity to exchange into intervals with higher trading power. Other vacation exchange-related product fees are deferred and recognized as revenue upon the occurrence of a future exchange, event, or other related transaction.

We earn revenue from our RCI Elite Rewards co–branded credit card program, which is primarily generated by cardholder spending and the enrollment of new cardholders. The advance payments received under the program are recognized as a contract liability until our performance obligations have been satisfied. The primary performance obligation for the program relates to brand performance services. Total contract consideration is estimated and recognized on a straight-line basis over the contract term.

Prior to the sale of our vacation rental businesses, our vacation rental brands derived revenue from fees associated with the rental of vacation properties we managed and marketed on behalf of independent owners. We remitted the rental fee received from the renter to the independent owner, net of our agreed-upon fee. The related revenue from such fees, net of expected refunds, was recognized over the renter’s stay. Our vacation rental brands also derived revenues from additional services delivered to independent owners, vacation rental guests, and property owners’ associations which were generally recognized when the service was delivered.

Within our Travel and Membership segment, we measure operating performance using the following key operating statistics: (i) average number of exchange members, which represents paid members in our vacation exchange programs who are considered to be in good standings, (ii) transactions, which represents the number of vacation bookings recognized as revenue during the period, net of cancellations, provided in two categories; Exchange, which is primarily RCI, and non-Exchange, and (iii) revenue per transaction, which represents transactional revenue divided by transactions, provided in two categories; Exchange, which is primarily RCI, and non-Exchange.

Other Items
We record property management services revenues and RCI Elite Rewards revenues for our Vacation Ownership and Travel and Membership segments in accordance with the guidance for reporting revenues gross as a principal versus net as an agent, which requires that these revenues be recorded on a gross basis.

Discussed below are our consolidated results of operations and the results of operations for each of our reportable segments. These reportable segments represent our operating segments for which discrete financial information is available and which are utilized on a regular basis by our chief operating decision maker to assess performance and to allocate resources. In identifying the reportable segments, we also consider the nature of services provided by our operating segments. Management uses net revenues and Adjusted EBITDA to assess the performance of the reportable segments. We define Adjusted EBITDA as Net income/(loss) from continuing operations before Depreciation and amortization, Interest expense (excluding Consumer financing interest), early extinguishment of debt, Interest income (excluding Consumer financing revenues) and income taxes. Adjusted EBITDA also excludes stock-based compensation costs, separation and restructuring costs, legacy items, transaction costs for acquisitions and divestitures, impairments, gains and losses on sale/disposition of business, and items that meet the conditions of unusual and/or infrequent. Legacy items include the resolution of and adjustments to certain contingent assets and liabilities related to acquisitions of continuing businesses and dispositions, including the separation of Wyndham Hotels, Inc. (“Wyndham Hotels”) and Cendant, and the sale of the vacation rentals businesses. We believe that Adjusted EBITDA is a useful measure of performance for our segments which, when considered with generally accepted accounting principles in the U.S. (“GAAP”) measures, gives a more complete understanding of our operating performance. Our presentation of Adjusted EBITDA may not be comparable to similarly-titled measures used by other companies.

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OPERATING STATISTICS
The table below presents our operating statistics for the years ended December 31, 2021 and 2020. These operating statistics are the drivers of our revenues and therefore provide an enhanced understanding of our businesses. Refer to the Results of Operations section for a discussion on how these operating statistics affected our business for the periods presented.
Year Ended December 31,
20212020
% Change (h)
Vacation Ownership
Gross VOI sales (in millions) (a) (i)
$1,491 $967 54.1
Tours (in 000s) (b)
451 333 35.7
Volume Per Guest (“VPG”) (c)
$3,143 $2,486 26.4
Travel and Membership (d)
Transactions (in 000s) (e)
Exchange1,182 762 55.0
Non-exchange778 458 69.8
Total transactions1,960 1,220 60.6
Revenue per transaction(f)
Exchange$322 $324 (0.6)
Non-exchange$205 $148 38.0
Total revenue per transaction$275 $258 6.8
Average number of exchange members (in 000s) (g)
3,721 3,749 (0.7)
(a)Represents total sales of VOIs, including sales under the Fee-for-Service program before the effect of loan loss provisions. We believe that Gross VOI sales provide an enhanced understanding of the performance of our vacation ownership business because it directly measures the sales volume of this business during a given reporting period.
(b)Represents the number of tours taken by guests in our efforts to sell VOIs.
(c)VPG is calculated by dividing Gross VOI sales (excluding tele-sales upgrades, which are non-tour upgrade sales) by the number of tours. We believe that VPG provides an enhanced understanding of the performance of our vacation ownership business because it directly measures the efficiency of this business’ tour selling efforts during a given reporting period.
(d)Includes the impact from acquisitions from the acquisition dates forward
(e)Represents the number of vacation bookings recognized as revenue during the period, net of cancellations.
(f)Represents transactional revenue divided by transactions.
(g)Represents paid members in our vacation exchange programs who are considered to be in good standing.
(h)Percentage of change may not calculate due to rounding.
(i)The following table provides a reconciliation of Vacation ownership interest sales, net to Gross VOI sales for the years ended December 31, (in millions):
20212020
Vacation ownership interest sales, net$1,176 $505 
Loan loss provision129 415 
Gross VOI sales, net of Fee-for-Service sales1,305 920 
Fee-for-Service sales (1)
186 47 
Gross VOI sales$1,491 $967 
(1)     Represents total sales of VOIs through our Fee-for-Service programs where inventory is sold through our sales and marketing channels for a commission. Fee-for-Service commission revenues were $101 million and $22 million for the years ended December 31, 2021 and 2020. These commissions are reported within Service and membership fees on the Consolidated Statements of Income/(Loss).

The closures of our resorts and suspension of our sales and marketing operations in response to COVID-19 in 2020 resulted in lower tours which negatively impacted gross VOI sales at our Vacation Ownership segment. In our Travel and Membership segment, affiliate resort closures and regional travel restrictions contributed to decreased bookings and increased cancellations, which resulted in lower transactions and revenue per transaction during 2020. In 2021, we experienced significant improvements in VOI sales, tours, VPG, the number of Travel and Membership transactions, and revenue per transaction; however, not all product and service lines have yet returned to pre-pandemic levels. We expect the impact of COVID-19 on our operating statistics to continue into 2022; however we do not expect to incur the same level of COVID-19 impact on our revenues or the level of COVID-19 expenses that we did in 2020.

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Vacation Ownership
NetOur Vacation Ownership business has its main corporate operations in Orlando, Florida, pursuant to several leases which begin to expire in 2025. Our Vacation Ownership business also has leased space in; Las Vegas, Nevada; the Philippines; Australia; and Singapore, with various expiration dates between 2022 and 2056. Our Vacation Ownership business leases space for administrative functions in Las Vegas, Nevada, that expires in 2028. In addition, our Vacation Ownership business utilizes 145 marketing and sales offices with 115 locations in the U.S. and the remaining locations in Australia, the Caribbean, Thailand, Mexico, Fiji, New Zealand, Indonesia, China, and the Philippines. Of these 145 marketing and sales offices, 66 are pursuant to leases with various expiration dates between 2022 and 2056. All leases that are due to expire in 2022 are presently under review related to our ongoing requirements.

Travel and Membership
Our Travel and Membership business is headquartered in Orlando, Florida, pursuant to several leases which begin to expire in 2025. The business also owns one property in Indianapolis, Indiana, and one property in Mexico. There are 18 leased offices located in Europe, Latin America, Asia Pacific, North America, and Africa with expiration dates between 2022 through 2029. All leases that are due to expire in 2022 are presently under review related to our ongoing requirements.

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ITEM 3.    LEGAL PROCEEDINGS
We are involved in various claims and lawsuits arising in the ordinary course of business, none of which, in the opinion of management, is expected to have a material adverse effect on our results of operations, financial condition or cash flows. See Note 20—Commitments and Contingencies to the Consolidated Financial Statements for a description of claims and legal actions arising in the ordinary course of our business and Note 29—Transactions with Former Parent and Former Subsidiaries to the Consolidated Financial Statements for a description of our obligations regarding Cendant contingent litigation, matters related to Wyndham Hotels, matters related to the European vacation rentals business, and matters related to the North American vacation rentals business.

ITEM 4.    MINE SAFETY DISCLOSURES
Not applicable.
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PART II
ITEM 5.    MARKET FOR REGISTRANT’S COMMON EQUITY, RELATED STOCKHOLDER MATTERS AND ISSUER PURCHASES OF EQUITY SECURITIES
Market Price of Common Stock
Our common stock is listed on the New York Stock Exchange under the symbol “TNL.” As of January 31, 2022, the number of stockholders of record was 4,378. The equity plan compensation information called for by Item 201(d) of Regulation S-K is set forth in Part III, Item 12 of this Annual Report on Form 10-K under the heading “Equity Compensation Plan Information as of December 31, 2021.”

Issuer Purchases of Equity Securities
Below is a summary of our Travel + Leisure Co. common stock repurchases by month for the quarter ended December 31, 2021:
ISSUER PURCHASES OF EQUITY SECURITIES
PeriodTotal Number
of Shares
Purchased
Average Price
Paid per Share
Total Number of
Shares
Purchased as
Part of Publicly
Announced Plan
Approximate Dollar
Value of Shares that
May Yet Be Purchased
Under the Publicly
Announced Plan
(b)
October 2021 (October 1-31)18,550 $53.88 18,550 $353,258,681 
November 2021 (November 1-30)187,431 55.17 187,431 342,917,685 
December 2021 (a) (December 1-31)
289,974 51.44 289,974 328,002,326 
Total (a)
495,955 $52.94 495,955 $328,002,326 

(a)Includes 24,519 shares purchased for which the trade date occurred in December 2021 and settled in January 2022.
(b)On August 20, 2007, our Board of Directors (“Board”) authorized the repurchase of our common stock (the “Share Repurchase Program”). Under the Share Repurchase Program, we are authorized to repurchase shares through open market purchases, privately-negotiated transactions, or otherwise in accordance with applicable federal securities laws, including through Rule 10b5-1 trading plans and under Rule 10b-18 of the Exchange Act. The Share Repurchase Program has no time limit and may be suspended or discontinued completely at any time. The Board has since increased the capacity of the Share Repurchase Program eight times, most recently on October 23, 2017, by $1.0 billion, bringing the total authorization under the program to $6.0 billion. Proceeds received from stock option exercises have increased the repurchase capacity by $81 million since the inception of this program. Under our current and prior stock repurchase plans, the total authorization is $6.8 billion. See the “Share Repurchase Program” section included in Item 7 of this Annual Report on Form 10-K for further information on the Share Repurchase Program.

For a description of limitations on the payment of our dividends, see the “Dividends” section included in Item 7 of this Annual Report on Form 10-K.

Stock Performance Graph
The Stock Performance Graph is not deemed filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”) and shall not be deemed incorporated by reference into any of our prior or future filings made with the SEC.

The following Stock Performance Graph compares the cumulative total stockholder return of our common stock against the cumulative total returns of the Standard & Poor’s Rating Services (“S&P”) Midcap 400 index and the S&P Hotels, Resorts & Cruise Lines index for the period from December 31, 2016, to December 31, 2021. The graph assumes that $100 was invested on December 31, 2016, and all dividends and other distributions were reinvested.
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COMPARISON OF 5 YEAR CUMULATIVE TOTAL RETURN (a)
Among Travel + Leisure Co., the S&P Midcap 400 Index
and the S&P Hotels, Resorts, & Cruise Lines Index

wyn-20211231_g1.jpg

(a)$100 invested on December 31, 2016, in stock or index, including reinvestment of dividends.
Cumulative Total Return
Fiscal year ending December 31: 201620172018201920202021
Travel + Leisure Co.$100.00 $155.42 $110.31 $165.53 $150.55 $189.63 
S&P Midcap 400$100.00 $116.24 $103.36 $130.44 $148.26 $184.97 
S&P Hotels, Resorts & Cruise Lines$100.00 $149.09 $122.16 $167.42 $124.10 $148.72 
The stock price performance included in this graph is not necessarily indicative of future stock price performance.

ITEM 6.    [Reserved]

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ITEM 7.    MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS
BUSINESS AND OVERVIEW
We are a global provider of hospitality services and travel products and operate our business in the following two segments:
Vacation Ownership — develops, markets and sells vacation ownership interests (“VOIs”) to individual consumers, provides consumer financing in connection with the sale of VOIs, and provides property management services at resorts.
Travel and Membership — operates a variety of travel businesses, including three vacation exchange brands, a home exchange network, travel technology platforms, travel memberships, and direct-to-consumer rentals.

Travel + Leisure Brand Acquisition
On January 5, 2021, Wyndham Destinations, Inc. acquired the Travel + Leisure brand and related assets from Meredith Corporation (“Meredith”) for $100 million, of which $55 million was paid during 2021. The remaining payments are to be completed by June 2024. This acquisition included Travel + Leisure branded travel clubs and members. We acquired the Travel + Leisure brand to accelerate our strategic plan to broaden our reach with the launch of new travel services, expand our membership travel business, and amplify the global visibility of our leisure travel products. Meredith will continue to operate and monetize Travel + Leisure branded multi-platform media assets across multiple channels under a 30-year royalty-free, renewable licensing relationship. In connection with this acquisition, on February 17, 2021, Wyndham Destinations, Inc. was renamed Travel + Leisure Co. and continues to trade on the New York Stock Exchange under the new ticker symbol TNL.

In connection with the Travel + Leisure brand acquisition we updated the names and composition of our reportable segments to better align with how they are managed. We created the Travel + Leisure Group which falls under the Travel and Membership segment along with the Panorama business line. With the formation of the Travel + Leisure Group, we decided that the operations of our Extra Holidays business, which focuses on direct-to-consumer bookings, better aligns with the operations of this new business line and therefore transitioned the management of our Extra Holidays business to the Travel and Membership segment. As such, we reclassified the results of our Extra Holidays business, which were previously reported within the Vacation Ownership segment, into the Travel and Membership segment.

Impact of COVID-19 on Our Business
The results of operations for the years ended December 31, 2021 and 2020 include impacts related to the novel coronavirus global pandemic (“COVID-19”), which have been significantly negative for the travel industry, our company, our customers, and our employees.

Our response to COVID-19 initially focused on the health and safety of our owners, members, guests, and employees when we closed the majority of our resorts and sales centers in early 2020. As a result, we significantly reduced our workforce and furloughed thousands of employees at that time. As of December 31, 2021, we had reopened all of the resorts and sales offices in North America that we expect to reopen. The remaining closed resorts and sales offices that we intend to reopen are located in the South Pacific and are expected to reopen in 2022, contingent upon the lifting of government imposed travel restrictions. As a result of reopening substantially all of our resorts, the majority of furloughed employees have returned to work.

Given the significant impacts of COVID-19 on our business, our revenues decreased $1.51have been negatively impacted. While revenues are continuing to recover, not all product and service lines have yet reached pre-pandemic levels, and we believe that COVID-19 will continue to have an adverse effect on our financial condition and results of operations in the near term. Despite some volatility with recent spikes in COVID-19 case-counts as a result of variants, in general, we are seeing a broad increase in consumer confidence as well as a reduction in travel restrictions. These factors combined with progress in the roll-out of vaccinations have continued to help travel sentiment improve. Assuming travel sentiment continues to improve, we expect increases in both VOI sales and new owner mix in 2022. We also expect an increase in the percentage of financed VOI sales, which would impact our allowance for loan losses.

During the year ended December 31, 2021, we reversed $61 million of COVID-19 charges, compared to $385 million of charges incurred in 2020. The $61 million of net reversals during 2021 included the release of $91 million of the COVID-19 related allowance for loan losses. See Note 26—COVID-19 Related Items to the Consolidated Financial Statements for additional details on the impact COVID-19 had on our business.

Included in the $385 million of COVID-19 related charges for the year ended December 31, 2020, was a $225 million COVID-19 related loan loss provision recorded during the first quarter as a result of our evaluation of the impact of COVID-19
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on our owners’ ability to repay their vacation ownership contract receivables (“VOCRs”). As we began to see an improvement in net new defaults and lower than expected unemployment rates, we reduced this provision by $20 million in the fourth quarter of 2020.

Since the time the COVID-19 related allowance was established in March 2020, we have reversed $111 million of the initial $225 million provision. After considering write-offs and the allowance for remaining likely defaults associated with loans that were granted payment deferrals, we have no COVID-19 related allowances as of December 31, 2021.

As a precautionary measure to enhance liquidity during the pandemic, in the first quarter of 2020, we drew down our $1.0 billion revolving credit facility and suspended share repurchase activity. In the third quarter of 2020, we amended the credit agreement governing our revolving credit facility and term loan B (“First Amendment”), which provided financial covenant flexibility during the relief period that commenced on July 15, 2020 and was scheduled to end on April 1, 2022 (the “Relief Period”). During the Relief Period we were prohibited from using cash for share repurchases but maintained our ability to pay dividends and make investments in our business. During 2021 we repaid the $1.0 billion revolving credit facility, the $250 million 5.625% secured notes due March 2021, and the $650 million 4.25% secured notes due March 2022. On October 22, 2021, we renewed the credit agreement governing our revolving credit facility and term loan B (“Second Amendment”), which terminated the Relief Period, established new thresholds for our financial covenant ratios and eliminated the restrictions regarding share repurchases, dividends, and acquisitions established by the First Amendment. In connection with entering the Second Amendment, we resumed share repurchases during the fourth quarter of 2021.

As part of our reopening strategy, we focused on higher margin owner business by leveraging our owner upgrade pipeline. Prior to the pandemic, just under 40% of our sales transactions were to lower margin new owners as compared to 28% during 2021.

We also raised our credit standards and directed our marketing efforts towards higher Fair Isaac Corporation (“FICO”) scores, which we expect will continue to strengthen our receivables portfolio going forward. Additionally, we closed certain unprofitable marketing and sales locations and shifted marketing channels and resources to our most productive channels. All of these changes were designed to result in higher volume per guest (“VPG”), which is a measure of sales efficiency and is strongly correlated to profitability.

For certain of the events, uncertainties, trends, and risks associated with the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on our future results and financial condition, see “Risks Related to the COVID-19 Pandemic” included in Part I, Item 1A of this Annual Report filed on Form 10-K.

Alliance Reservations Network Acquisition
On August 7, 2019, we acquired Alliance Reservations Network (“ARN”) for $102 million ($97 million net of cash acquired). ARN provides private-label travel booking technology solutions. This acquisition was undertaken for the purpose of accelerating growth at Travel and Membership by increasing the offerings available to its members and affiliates. See Note 5—Acquisitions to the Consolidated Financial Statements for additional details. ARN is reported within the Travel and Membership segment.

North American Vacation Rentals Business Sale
During 2019 we closed on the sale of our North American vacation rentals business for $162 million. This business did not meet the criteria to be classified as a discontinued operation; therefore, the results of operations are reflected within continuing operations on the Consolidated Statements of Income/(Loss) through the date of sale.

SEGMENT OVERVIEW
Vacation Ownership
We develop, market, and sell VOIs to individual consumers, provide consumer financing in connection with the sale of VOIs, and provide property management services at resorts. Our sales of VOIs are either cash sales or developer-financed sales. Developer-financed sales are typically collateralized by the underlying VOI. Revenue is recognized on VOI sales upon transfer of control, which is defined as the point in time when a binding sales contract has been executed, the financing contract has been executed for the remaining transaction price, the statutory rescission period has expired, and the transaction price has been deemed to be collectible.

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For developer-financed sales, we reduce the VOI sales transaction price by an estimate of uncollectible consideration at the time of the sale. Our estimates of uncollectible amounts are based largely on the results of our static pool analysis which relies on historical payment data by customer class.

In connection with entering into a VOI sale, we may provide our customers with certain non-cash incentives, such as credits for future stays at our resorts. For those VOI sales, we bifurcate the sale and allocate the sales price between the VOI sale and the non-cash incentive. Non-cash incentives generally have expiration periods of 18 months or less and are recognized at a point in time upon transfer of control.

We provide day-to-day property management services including oversight of housekeeping services, maintenance, and certain accounting and administrative services for property owners’ associations and clubs. These services may also include reservation and resort renovation activities. Such agreements are generally for terms of one year or less, and are renewed automatically on an annual basis. Our management agreements contain cancellation clauses, which allow for either party to cancel the agreement, by either a majority board vote or a majority vote of non-developer interests. We receive fees for such property management services which are collected monthly in advance and are based upon total costs to operate such resorts (or as services are provided in the case of resort renovation activities). Fees for property management services typically approximate 10% of budgeted operating expenses. We are entitled to consideration for reimbursement of costs incurred on behalf of the property owners’ association in providing the management services (“reimbursable revenue”). These reimbursable costs principally relate to the payroll costs for management of the associations, club and resort properties where we are the employer and are reflected as a component of Operating expenses on the Consolidated Statements of Income/(Loss). We reduce our management fees for amounts paid to the property owners’ association that reflect maintenance fees for VOIs for which we retain ownership, as we have concluded that such payments are consideration payable to a customer.

Property management fee revenues are recognized when the services are performed and are recorded as a component of Service and membership fees on the Consolidated Statements of Income/(Loss). Property management revenues, which are comprised of management fee revenue and reimbursable revenue, for the years ended December 31, were (in millions) (a):
202120202019
Management fee revenue$358 $331 $365 
Reimbursable revenues313 252 307 
Property management revenues$671 $583 $672 
(a)Reflects the impact of reclassifying the Extra Holidays business line from the Vacation Ownership segment to Travel and Membership.

One of the associations that we manage paid our Travel and Membership segment $30 million for exchange services during 2021, $27 million during 2020, and $29 million during 2019.

Within our Vacation Ownership segment, we measure operating performance using the following key operating statistics: (i) gross VOI sales including Fee-for-Service sales before the effect of loan loss provisions, (ii) tours, which represents the number of tours taken by guests in our efforts to sell VOIs, and (iii) VPG, which represents revenue per guest and is calculated by dividing the gross VOI sales (excluding tele-sales upgrades, which are non-tour upgrade sales) by the number of tours.

Travel and Membership
Travel and Membership derives a majority of revenues from membership dues and fees for facilitating members’ trading of their intervals. Revenues from membership dues represent the fees paid by members or affiliated clubs on their behalf. We recognize revenues from membership dues paid by the member on a straight-line basis over the membership period as the performance obligations are fulfilled through delivery of publications, if applicable, and by providing access to travel-related products and services. Estimated net contract consideration payable by affiliated clubs for memberships is recognized as revenue over the term of the contract with the affiliated club in proportion to the estimated average monthly member count. Such estimates are adjusted periodically for changes in the actual and forecasted member activity. For additional fees, members have the right to exchange their intervals for intervals at other properties affiliated with our vacation exchange networks and, for certain members, for other leisure-related services and products. We also derive revenue from facilitating bookings of travel accommodations for both members and non-members. Revenue is recognized when these transactions have been confirmed, net of expected cancellations; except in certain transactions where we have a performance obligation that is not satisfied until the time of stay.

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As a provider of vacation exchange services, we enter into affiliation agreements with developers of vacation ownership properties to allow owners of VOIs to trade their intervals for intervals at other properties affiliated with our vacation exchange network and, for some members, for other leisure-related services and products.

Our vacation exchange business also derives revenues from programs with affiliated resorts, club servicing, and loyalty programs; and additional exchange-related products that provide members with the ability to protect trading power or points, extend the life of deposits, and combine two or more deposits for the opportunity to exchange into intervals with higher trading power. Other vacation exchange-related product fees are deferred and recognized as revenue upon the occurrence of a future exchange, event, or other related transaction.

We earn revenue from our RCI Elite Rewards co–branded credit card program, which is primarily generated by cardholder spending and the enrollment of new cardholders. The advance payments received under the program are recognized as a contract liability until our performance obligations have been satisfied. The primary performance obligation for the program relates to brand performance services. Total contract consideration is estimated and recognized on a straight-line basis over the contract term.

Prior to the sale of our vacation rental businesses, our vacation rental brands derived revenue from fees associated with the rental of vacation properties we managed and marketed on behalf of independent owners. We remitted the rental fee received from the renter to the independent owner, net of our agreed-upon fee. The related revenue from such fees, net of expected refunds, was recognized over the renter’s stay. Our vacation rental brands also derived revenues from additional services delivered to independent owners, vacation rental guests, and property owners’ associations which were generally recognized when the service was delivered.

Within our Travel and Membership segment, we measure operating performance using the following key operating statistics: (i) average number of exchange members, which represents paid members in our vacation exchange programs who are considered to be in good standings, (ii) transactions, which represents the number of vacation bookings recognized as revenue during the period, net of cancellations, provided in two categories; Exchange, which is primarily RCI, and non-Exchange, and (iii) revenue per transaction, which represents transactional revenue divided by transactions, provided in two categories; Exchange, which is primarily RCI, and non-Exchange.

Other Items
We record property management services revenues and RCI Elite Rewards revenues for our Vacation Ownership and Travel and Membership segments in accordance with the guidance for reporting revenues gross as a principal versus net as an agent, which requires that these revenues be recorded on a gross basis.

Discussed below are our consolidated results of operations and the results of operations for each of our reportable segments. These reportable segments represent our operating segments for which discrete financial information is available and which are utilized on a regular basis by our chief operating decision maker to assess performance and to allocate resources. In identifying the reportable segments, we also consider the nature of services provided by our operating segments. Management uses net revenues and Adjusted EBITDA to assess the performance of the reportable segments. We define Adjusted EBITDA as Net income/(loss) from continuing operations before Depreciation and amortization, Interest expense (excluding Consumer financing interest), early extinguishment of debt, Interest income (excluding Consumer financing revenues) and income taxes. Adjusted EBITDA also excludes stock-based compensation costs, separation and restructuring costs, legacy items, transaction costs for acquisitions and divestitures, impairments, gains and losses on sale/disposition of business, and items that meet the conditions of unusual and/or infrequent. Legacy items include the resolution of and adjustments to certain contingent assets and liabilities related to acquisitions of continuing businesses and dispositions, including the separation of Wyndham Hotels, Inc. (“Wyndham Hotels”) and Cendant, and the sale of the vacation rentals businesses. We believe that Adjusted EBITDA is a useful measure of performance for our segments which, when considered with generally accepted accounting principles in the U.S. (“GAAP”) measures, gives a more complete understanding of our operating performance. Our presentation of Adjusted EBITDA may not be comparable to similarly-titled measures used by other companies.

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OPERATING STATISTICS
The table below presents our operating statistics for the years ended December 31, 2021 and 2020. These operating statistics are the drivers of our revenues and therefore provide an enhanced understanding of our businesses. Refer to the Results of Operations section for a discussion on how these operating statistics affected our business for the periods presented.
Year Ended December 31,
20212020
% Change (h)
Vacation Ownership
Gross VOI sales (in millions) (a) (i)
$1,491 $967 54.1
Tours (in 000s) (b)
451 333 35.7
Volume Per Guest (“VPG”) (c)
$3,143 $2,486 26.4
Travel and Membership (d)
Transactions (in 000s) (e)
Exchange1,182 762 55.0
Non-exchange778 458 69.8
Total transactions1,960 1,220 60.6
Revenue per transaction(f)
Exchange$322 $324 (0.6)
Non-exchange$205 $148 38.0
Total revenue per transaction$275 $258 6.8
Average number of exchange members (in 000s) (g)
3,721 3,749 (0.7)
(a)Represents total sales of VOIs, including sales under the Fee-for-Service program before the effect of loan loss provisions. We believe that Gross VOI sales provide an enhanced understanding of the performance of our vacation ownership business because it directly measures the sales volume of this business during a given reporting period.
(b)Represents the number of tours taken by guests in our efforts to sell VOIs.
(c)VPG is calculated by dividing Gross VOI sales (excluding tele-sales upgrades, which are non-tour upgrade sales) by the number of tours. We believe that VPG provides an enhanced understanding of the performance of our vacation ownership business because it directly measures the efficiency of this business’ tour selling efforts during a given reporting period.
(d)Includes the impact from acquisitions from the acquisition dates forward
(e)Represents the number of vacation bookings recognized as revenue during the period, net of cancellations.
(f)Represents transactional revenue divided by transactions.
(g)Represents paid members in our vacation exchange programs who are considered to be in good standing.
(h)Percentage of change may not calculate due to rounding.
(i)The following table provides a reconciliation of Vacation ownership interest sales, net to Gross VOI sales for the years ended December 31, (in millions):
20212020
Vacation ownership interest sales, net$1,176 $505 
Loan loss provision129 415 
Gross VOI sales, net of Fee-for-Service sales1,305 920 
Fee-for-Service sales (1)
186 47 
Gross VOI sales$1,491 $967 
(1)     Represents total sales of VOIs through our Fee-for-Service programs where inventory is sold through our sales and marketing channels for a commission. Fee-for-Service commission revenues were $101 million and $22 million for the years ended December 31, 2021 and 2020. These commissions are reported within Service and membership fees on the Consolidated Statements of Income/(Loss).

The closures of our resorts and suspension of our sales and marketing operations in response to COVID-19 in 2020 resulted in lower tours which negatively impacted gross VOI sales at our Vacation Ownership segment. In our Travel and Membership segment, affiliate resort closures and regional travel restrictions contributed to decreased $635 millionbookings and increased cancellations, which resulted in lower transactions and revenue per transaction during 2020. In 2021, we experienced significant improvements in VOI sales, tours, VPG, the number of Travel and Membership transactions, and revenue per transaction; however, not all product and service lines have yet returned to pre-pandemic levels. We expect the impact of COVID-19 on our operating statistics to continue into 2022; however we do not expect to incur the same level of COVID-19 impact on our revenues or the level of COVID-19 expenses that we did in 2020.

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RESULTS OF OPERATIONS
Our consolidated results for the years ended December 31, 2021, versus December 31, 2020, compared with 2019. are as follows (in millions):
Year Ended December 31,
20212020Favorable/ (Unfavorable)
Net revenues$3,134 $2,160 $974 
Expenses2,516 2,265 (251)
Operating income/(loss)618 (105)723 
Interest expense198 192 (6)
Interest (income)(3)(7)(4)
Other (income), net(6)(14)(8)
Income/(loss) before income taxes429 (276)705 
Provision/(benefit) for income taxes116 (23)(139)
Net income/(loss) from continuing operations313 (253)566 
Loss on disposal of discontinued business, net of income taxes(5)(2)(3)
Net income/(loss) attributable to Travel + Leisure Co. shareholders$308 $(255)$563 

During 2020 and in anticipation of increased defaults on VOCRs due towe evaluated the impactspotential impact of COVID-19 on our owners’ ability to repay their contract receivable and as a result of current and anticipated unemployment rates at that time, we recorded an additionala $205 million COVID-19 related provision, which negatively impacted revenues, and a corresponding $48 million benefit to costCost of vacation ownership interests, representing estimated recoveries related to this provision. These adjustments negatively impacted prior year Adjusted EBITDA by $157 million. During 2021 we analyzed the additional provision.adequacy of the COVID-19 related allowance consistent with past methodology, resulting in a $91 million release, which positively impacted revenues, and a corresponding $33 million increase in Cost of vacation ownership interests, representing the associated reduction in estimated recoveries. The net revenuepositive impact of the COVID-19 related allowance release on Adjusted EBITDA was $58 million for the year ended December 31, 2021.

Net revenues increased $974 million during 2021 compared with 2020. This increase was favorably impacted by foreign currency of $11 million (0.5%). Excluding the impacts of foreign currency and the COVID-19 related provision adjustments discussed above, the increase in net revenues was primarily the result of:
$475 million of increased revenues at our Vacation Ownership segment primarily due to an increase in gross VOI sales, higher property management and commission revenues as a result of the ongoing recovery of our operations from the impact of COVID-19; partially offset by a decrease in consumer financing revenues due to a lower average portfolio balance; and
$196 million increased revenues at our Travel and Membership segment driven by higher transaction revenues as we continue to recover from the impacts of $1.51 billion (48.0%)COVID-19, partially offset by a decrease in subscription revenues driven by lower new owner sales in the timeshare industry.

Expenses increased $251 million during 2021 compared with 2020. This increase was unfavorably impacted by foreign currency of $1$8 million (0.4%). Excluding the impacts of foreign currency, and the Cost of vacation ownership interest related to the COVID-19 provision adjustments discussed above the increase in expenses was the result of:
$97 million increase in cost of sales and other operating costs in support of higher Travel and Membership revenues;
$73 million increase in the cost of VOIs sold primarily due to higher gross VOI sales;
$66 million increase in property management expenses due to higher management fees and reimbursable expenses;
$52 million increase in commission expense as a result of higher Fee-for-Service VOI sales;
$51 million increase in sales and commission expenses at the Vacation Ownership segment primarily due to higher gross VOI sales;
$36 million increase in general and administrative expenses primarily due to higher employee-related costs;
$34 million increase in marketing costs in support of increased revenue; and
$16 million increase in maintenance fees on unsold inventory.

40




These increases were partially offset by:
$230 million decrease in COVID-19 related costs including employee compensation related costs ($84 million); impairments ($62 million); the write-down of exchange inventory ($48 million) and restructuring charges ($37 million); and
$20 million decrease in consumer financing interest expense primarily due to a lower average non-recourse debt balance.

Other income, net of other expense decreased $8 million during 2021 compared with 2020, primarily due to lower business interruption recoveries in 2021 and value added tax provision releases; partially offset by an unrealized gain from our equity stake in Vacasa, LLC (“Vacasa”) in 2021 and an unfavorable tax settlement in 2020.

Interest expense increased $6 million during 2021 compared with 2020 primarily due to a higher average outstanding balance in 2021.

Our effective tax rates were 27.0% and 8.3% for the years ended December 31, 2021 and 2020. Our effective tax rate in 2020 was significantly impacted by COVID-19, leading to a mix of earnings in higher tax rate jurisdictions and losses in lower tax rate jurisdictions that reduced our overall effective tax rate.

Loss on disposal of discontinued business, net of income taxes was $5 million during 2021 resulting from entering into a settlement agreement for post-closing adjustment claims related to the sale of the European vacation rentals business, contingent upon regulatory approval; and $2 million during 2020 resulting from a tax audit related to the European vacation rentals business. These losses were net of Wyndham Hotels’ one-third share.

As a result of these items, Net income attributable to Travel + Leisure Co. shareholders was $308 million in 2021 as compared with a Net loss attributable to Travel + Leisure Co. shareholders of $255 million in 2020.
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Following is a discussion of the 2021 results of each of our segments compared to 2020 (in millions):
Year Ended December 31,
Net revenues20212020
Vacation Ownership$2,403 $1,625 
Travel and Membership752 552 
Total reportable segments3,155 2,177 
Corporate and other (a)
(21)(17)
Total Company$3,134 $2,160 
Year Ended December 31,
Reconciliation of Net income to Adjusted EBITDA20212020
Net income/(loss) attributable to Travel + Leisure Co. shareholders$308 $(255)
Loss on disposal of discontinued business, net of income taxes
Provision/(benefit) for income taxes116 (23)
Depreciation and amortization124 126 
Interest expense198 192 
Interest (income)(3)(7)
Stock-based compensation32 20 
Legacy items
COVID-19 related costs (b)
56 
Exchange inventory write-off— 48 
Restructuring(1)39 
Unrealized gain on equity investment (c)
(3)— 
Asset impairments/(recovery) (d)
(5)57 
Adjusted EBITDA$778 $259 
Year Ended December 31,
Adjusted EBITDA20212020
Vacation Ownership$558 $121 
Travel and Membership282 191 
Total reportable segments840 312 
Corporate and other (a)
(62)(53)
Total Company$778 $259 
(a)Includes the elimination of transactions between segments.
(b)Reflects severance and other employee costs associated with layoffs due to the COVID-19 workforce reduction offset in part by employee retention credits received in connection with the U.S. Coronavirus Aid, Relief, and Economic Security (“CARES”) Act, American Rescue Plan Act of 2021, and similar international programs for wages paid to certain employees despite having operations suspended. This amount does not include costs associated with idle pay.
(c)Represents the unrealized gain associated with Vacasa equity acquired as part of the consideration for the sale of North America vacation rentals. The total amount of unrealized gain on this investment was $9 million for the year ended December 31, 2021, of which $6 million is included in Asset impairments/(recovery) on the Consolidated Statements of Income/(Loss) to offset the 2020 impairment recognized on this investment.
(d)Includes $5 million of bad debt expense related to a note receivable for the year ended December 31, 2020, included in Operating expenses on the Consolidated Statements of Income/(Loss).

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Vacation Ownership
Net revenues increased $778 million and the total Adjusted EBITDA decrease of $635increased $437 million (84.0%)during 2021 compared with 2020. The net revenue increase was not materiallyfavorably impacted by foreign currency.currency of $7 million (0.4%) and the Adjusted EBITDA increase was favorably impacted by foreign currency of $2 million (1.7%).
Other decreases in
The net revenuesrevenue increase excluding the impact of foreign currency werewas primarily driven by:
$1.41 billion decrease382 million increase in gross VOI sales, net of Fee-for-Service sales, primarily driven by a 64.8% decrease in tours resultingdue to the ongoing recovery of our operations from the temporary closureimpact of our resorts and suspension of sales and marketing operations directly related to COVID-19; partially offset by a $269
$286 million decrease in our provision for loan losses primarily due to lower gross VOI sales;the COVID-19 related allowance adjustments ($205 million provision recorded during 2020 and $91 million release during 2021);
$10785 million decreaseincrease in property management revenues primarily due to lowerhigher management fees and reimbursable revenues;
$48 million decrease in consumer financing revenues primarily due to a lower weighted average interest rate earned on a lower average portfolio balance; and
$21 million decrease in ancillary revenues primarily due to a decrease in trial vacation package revenue and our co-branded credit card program; partially offset by
$578 million increase in commission revenues as a result of higher Fee-for-Service VOI sales.
These increases were partially offset by a $63 million decrease in consumer financing revenues primarily due to a lower average portfolio balance.

In addition to the drivers mentioned above, Adjusted EBITDA excluding the impact of foreign currency was further impacted by:
$326154 million decrease in sales and commission expenses primarily due to lower gross VOI sales;
$321 million decrease in marketing costs primarily due to the temporary suspension of sales and marketing operations;
$135 million decreaseincrease in the cost of VOIs sold primarily due to lowerhigher gross VOI sales, the absence of a $48 million benefit recorded in 2020 representing estimated recoveries related to the COVID-19 related provision, and increaseda $33 million reduction in estimated inventory recoveries associated withrelated to the release of our provision for loan losses;COVID-19 related allowance during 2021;
$9066 million decreaseincrease in property management expenses primarily due to lowerhigher management fees and lower reimbursable expenses; and
$3052 million decreaseincrease in commission expense as a result of higher Fee-for-Service VOI sales;
$51 million increase in sales and commission expenses due to higher gross VOI sales;
$22 million increase in marketing costs in support of increased revenue;
$17 million increase in general and administrative expenses primarily due to lowerhigher employee-related costs; partially offset byand
$4416 million increase in maintenance fees on unsold inventory primarily due to the temporary closure of our resorts resultinginventory.
These increased expenses were partially offset by:
$30 million decrease in the inability to recover a portion of these costs;COVID-19 related costs associated with workforce reductions; and
$3120 million increasedecrease in COVID-19 related costsconsumer financing interest expense primarily due to workforce reduction.a lower average non-recourse debt balance.

Travel and Membership
Net revenues decreased $370increased $200 million and Adjusted EBITDA decreased $98increased $91 million during 20202021 compared with 2019. Revenue decrease of $367 million (40.9%)2020. The net revenue increase was unfavorablyfavorably impacted by foreign currency of $3$4 million (0.3%(0.7%). and the Adjusted EBITDA decrease of $97 million (33.6%)increase was unfavorablyfavorably impacted by foreign currency of $1 million (0.3%(0.5%).

DecreasesIncreases in net revenues excluding the impact of foreign currency were primarily driven by:
$171202 million net decreaseincrease in exchange and related service revenuestransaction revenue driven by the negative impact of COVID-19 which resulteda 61% increase in higher cancellationstransactions and lower bookings;a 7% increase in revenue per transaction; partially offset by
$1536 million decrease in vacation rentalssubscription revenue asdue to a result of the sale of the North American vacation rentals business in October 2019; and
$43 million net1% decrease in ancillary revenues primarily due toaverage number of exchange members driven by lower new owner sales in the $54 million decrease of ancillary revenue generated by the North American vacations rentals business which was sold in October 2019 and an $8 million decrease in exchange ancillary revenue primarily related to COVID-19, partially offset by an increase in revenue of $19 million from ARN, which was acquired in August 2019.timeshare industry.

In addition to the drivers mentionedrevenue changes explained above, 2020 Adjusted EBITDA excluding the impact of foreign currency was further impacted by:by the following operational costs in support of increased revenues:
$19486 million decreaseincrease in costs due to the salecost of the North American vacation rentals business;sales;
$12 million increase in marketing expense; and
$9611 million of decreased costs primarily associated withincrease in operational expenses.
These increased expenses were partially offset by a $3 million decrease in general and administrative expenses resulting from staff reductions and cost savings and lower exchange and related service revenues; partially offset by
$20 millioninitiatives implemented after the first quarter of increased revenue-related expenses from the ARN business.2020.

5443




Corporate and other
Corporate and other Adjusted EBITDA increased $1decreased $9 million (1.9%(17.0%) during 20202021 compared with 20192020 and was not materially impacted by foreign currency. The growthdecrease in Adjusted EBITDA was primarily due to lowerhigher employee-related costs.

For a comparative review of our consolidated results of operations and the results of operations of our reportable segments for the fiscal years ended December 31, 20192020 and 2018,2019, refer to Part II, Item 7 of our Annual Report on Form 10-K filed with the SEC on February 26, 2020.24, 2021.

DISCONTINUED OPERATIONS
We sold ourrecognized a loss on disposal of discontinued business, net of income taxes of $5 million during 2021 resulting from entering into a settlement agreement regarding post-closing adjustment claims related to the sale of the European vacation rentals business, on May 9, 2018. This sale resulted in final net proceeds of $1.06 billioncontingent upon regulatory approval. See Note 29—Transactions with Former Parent and a 2018 after-tax gain of $456 million, net of $139 million in taxes. Former Subsidiaries to the Consolidated Financial Statements for additional information.During 2020, we recognized a $2 million loss on disposal of discontinued business, net of income taxes resulting from a tax audit.audit related to the European vacation rentals business. During 2019, we recognized an additional $18 million gain on the sale of our European vacation rentals business, related to $12 million of tax benefits associated with additional foreign tax credit utilization and lower than anticipated state income taxes, as well as $6 million in returned escrow for andeposits associated with expired guarantee and other changes in expired guarantees. We have provided post-closing credit support in order to ensure that Awaze meets the requirements of certain service providers and regulatory authorities. The results of operations of this business have been classified as discontinued operations on the Consolidated Financial Statements.

We completed the Spin-off on May 31, 2018, which resulted in our operations being held by two separate, publicly traded companies. The two public companies have entered into long-term exclusive license agreements to retain their affiliations with one of the industry’s top-rated loyalty programs, Wyndham Rewards, as well as to continue to collaborate on inventory-sharing and customer cross-sell initiatives. As a result of the Spin-off, we have classified the results of operations of our hotel business as discontinued operations on the Consolidated Financial Statements.

During 2018, there was a $50 million loss from operations of discontinued businesses, net of taxes. Separation and related costs from discontinued operations was $111 million during 2018.

SEPARATION AND TRANSACTION COSTS
During 2019, we incurred $45 million of expenses in connection with the Spin-offspin-off of our hotel business completed on May 31, 2018, which are reflected within continuing operations. These separation costs were related to stock compensation, severance and other employee costs, as well as impairment charges due to the write-off of right-of-use assets and furniture, fixtures and equipment as a result of our abandoning portions of our administrative offices in New Jersey. This decision was part of our continued focus on rationalizing existing facilities in order to reduce our corporate footprint. These expenses also include additional impairment charges associated with the write-off of assets and liabilities related to the early termination of an operating lease in Chicago, Illinois, partially offset by an indemnification receivable from Wyndham Hotels. Refer to Note 13—Leases to the Consolidated Financial Statements included in Item 8 of this Annual Report on Form 10-K for additional detail regarding these impairments.

During 2018, we incurred $223 million of expenses in connection with the Spin-off which are reflected within continuing operations and include related costs of the Spin-off, of which $217 million were related to stock compensation modification expense, severance and other employee costs offset, in part, by favorable foreign currency. In addition, these costs include certain impairment charges related to the separation including property sold to Wyndham Hotels.

Additionally, during 2018, we incurred $111 million of separation related expenses in connection with the Spin-off and sale of the European vacation rentals business which are reflected within discontinued operations. These expenses include legal, consulting and auditing fees, stock compensation modification expense, severance and other employee-related costs.

RESTRUCTURING PLANS
During 2020, we recorded $37 million of charges related to restructuring initiatives, most$36 million of which were COVID-19 related. Due to the impact of COVID-19, we decided in the second quarter of 2020 to abandon the remaining portion of our administrative offices in New Jersey. We were also notified in the second quarter of 2020 that Wyndham Hotels exercised its early termination rights under the sublease agreement. As a result, we recorded $22 million of restructuring charges associated with non-lease components of the office space and $24 million of impairment charges associated with the write-off of right-of-use assets and furniture, fixtures and equipment at theour Travel and Membership segment. We also recognized $12 million of lease-related charges due to the renegotiation of an agreement and $2 million of facility-related restructuring charges associated with closed sales centers at theour Vacation Ownership segment. We additionally recognized $1 million in employee relatedemployee-related expenses associated with the consolidation of a shared service center within theour Travel and Membership segment. We reduced the 2020 restructuring liability by $5 million and $12 million of cash payments during 2021 and 2020. During 2021 we also reversed $1 million of expense related to the reimbursement of prepaid licensing fees that were previously written-off, and increased the liability by $3 million of cash reimbursements at our Vacation Ownership segment. The remaining 2020 restructuring liability of $25$22 million is expected to be paid
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by the end of 2029.

During 2019, we recorded $5 million of charges related to restructuring initiatives, most of which are personnel-related resulting from a reduction of approximately 100 employees. This action iswas primarily focused on enhancing organizational efficiency and rationalizing operations. The charges consisted of (i) $2 million at theour Vacation Ownership segment, (ii) $2 million at theour Travel and Membership segment, and (iii) $1 million at our corporate operations. During 2020, we incurred an additional $1 million of restructuring expenses at both theour Travel and Membership segment and our corporate operations. We reduced the restructuring liability by less than $1 million, $5 million, and $1 million of cash payments during 2021, 2020, and 2019. The remainingAs of December 31, 2021 the 2019 restructuring liability has been paid off.

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During 2018, we recorded $16 million of charges related to restructuring initiatives, all of which are personnel-related resulting from a reduction of approximately 500 employees. This action was primarily focused on enhancing organizational efficiency and rationalizing operations. The charges consisted of (i) $11 million at the Vacation Ownership segment, (ii) $4 million at the Travel and Membership segment, and (iii) $1 million at our corporate operations. During 2019, we incurred an additional $3 million of restructuring expenses at the Vacation Ownership segment and an additional $1 million at our corporate operations related to these restructuring activities. We reduced the restructuring liability by $3 million, $13 million, and $4 million of cash payments during 2020, 2019, and 2018. The remaining 2018 restructuring liability of less than $1 million is expected to be paid by the end of 2021.

FINANCIAL CONDITION LIQUIDITY AND CAPITAL RESOURCES
Financial Condition
(In millions)December 31,
2020
December 31,
2019
Change
Total assets$7,613 $7,453 $160 
Total liabilities8,581 7,977 604 
Total deficit(968)(524)(444)
(In millions)December 31,
2021
December 31,
2020
Change
Total assets$6,588 $7,613 $(1,025)
Total liabilities7,382 8,581 (1,199)
Total deficit(794)(968)174 

Total assets increased $160 milliondecreased $1.03 billion from December 31, 2019,2020 to December 31, 2020,2021, due to:
$841827 million increasedecrease in Cash and cash equivalents primarily due to net cash proceeds from debt borrowings,repayments, including the revolving credit facility, notes, and non-recourse debt; dividend payments; property and equipment additions; payments associated with the acquisition of the Travel + Leisure brand; and treasury share repurchases; partially offset by treasury share repurchases, and dividend payments; andnet cash provided by operating activities.
$148 million increase in Inventory primarily due to an increase in completed inventory partially offset by net COVID-19 impacts of exchange inventory write-offs and estimated recoveries. These increases were partially offset by
$26 million decrease in Restricted cash primarily due to decrease in collateral related to the USD bank conduit facility;
$29 million decrease in Trade receivables, net primarily due lower sales activity as a result of COVID-19 impacts;
$638173 million decrease in Vacation ownership contract receivables, net, primarily due to lower VOI sales driven by the economic downturn as a result of COVID-19,principal collections and the additional $205 million allowance for loan losses, recorded based on our evaluation of the potential impact of COVID-19 on owners’ ability to repay their contract receivables,partially offset by net VOI originations;
$131 million decrease in Inventory driven by VOI sales and lower estimated VOI recoveries, partially offset by purchases; and
$8748 million decrease in Other assets primarily due to the receipt of employee retention credits earned in connection with the CARES Act in 2020, as well as decreases in tax receivables, right-of-use assets, and deferred costs, partially offset by an increase in marketable securities.

These decreases were partially offset by an $88 million increase in Other intangibles, net primarily related to COVID-19 impairments, deferred costs,the acquisition of the Travel + Leisure brand from Meredith; a $23 million increase in Prepaid expenses; and tax receivables.a $23 million increase in Property and equipment, net.

Total liabilities increased $604 milliondecreased $1.2 billion from December 31, 2019,2020 to December 31, 2020,2021, due to:
$1.15 billion increase in Debt due to $547 million increased net borrowing under our revolving credit facility and issuance of the $650 million 6.625% secured notes during the third quarter, partially offset by $40 million repayment of our 7.375% secured notes. This increase was partially offset by
$44 million decrease in Accrued expenses and other liabilities primarily due to lower employee costs as a result of COVID-19 impacts, and deferred consideration payments for ARN acquisition;
$9465 million decrease in Deferred income primarily due to lowerincreased usage of deferred VOI trial package salespackages, VOI incentives, and lower upfront subscription payments associated with reduced member acquisitionrevenue as a result of COVID-19;owners and members returning to vacation as COVID-19 travel restrictions lifted;
$307300 million decrease in Non-recourse vacation ownership debt primarily due to net repayments;
$805 million decrease in Debt due to net repayments of the revolving credit facility, early payoff of the $650 million notes due March 2022, and the repayment of the $250 million notes due March 2021; partially offset by the issuance of $650 million notes due December 2029; and
$9039 million decrease in Deferred income taxes due to installment sales of VOIs.partially offset by the allowance for bad debt.

Total deficit increased $444decreased $174 million from December 31, 2019,2020 to December 31, 2020,2021, due to $255$308 million of Net lossincome attributable to Travel + Leisure Co. shareholders; $140and $32 million of dividends; and $125 million share repurchases; partially offset by $39 million of Additional paid-in capital mainly due to changes in stock based compensation, equity based payment associated with the acquisitioncompensation; partially offset by $111 million of ARN, and the issuancedividends; $32 million of common stock under our employee stock purchase plan; and $37 million of
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favorableunfavorable currency translation adjustments driven by fluctuations in the exchange rates, primarily of the euro, the Australian dollar, the Danish krone, and the British pound sterling.Euro; and $26 million of share repurchases.

Liquidity and capital resourcesLIQUIDITY AND CAPITAL RESOURCES
The global spread of COVID-19 has significantly impacted the travel industry, our company, our customers, and our employees. In response to COVID-19, we temporarily closed our resorts and suspended our sales and marketing operations for the majority of April and May. As a result, we significantly reduced our workforce and furloughed thousands of employees. These actions have had, and continue to have, an impact on our operations, which could impact our liquidity in the future. However, weWe believe that our current net cash from operations, cash and cash equivalents on hand, and continued access to the debt markets provide us withwe have sufficient liquidity to meet our ongoing cash needs for the next 12 months.year and beyond, including capital expenditures, operational and/or strategic opportunities, and expenditures for human capital, intellectual property, contractual obligations, off-balance sheet arrangements, and other such requirements. Our net cash from operations and cash and cash equivalents are key sources of liquidity to meet our ongoing cash needs. In addition to these sources, we also rely on access to our revolving credit facilities, bank conduit facilities, and continued access to debt markets. Our discussion below highlights these sources of liquidity and how they have been utilized to support our cash needs.

At$1.0 Billion Revolving Credit Facility
We generally utilize our revolving credit facility to finance our short-term to medium-term business operations, as needed. As a precautionary measure at the endonset of the first quarter,global pandemic, in March 2020 we fully drew down our $1.0 billion five-year revolving credit facility, which expires in May 2023,facility. Based on the ongoing recovery of our business to date, our strong liquidity position and ability to access secured debt capital markets, we fully repaid the remaining outstanding revolver balance as a precautionary measure to enhance liquidity. As of December 31, 2020, we have $1.2 billion in cash2021, and cash equivalents and $357had $998 million of available capacity on our revolving credit facility, net of letters of credit.

On July 15, 2020, we amendedentered into the First Amendment governing our revolving credit agreement (“Credit Agreement Amendment”).facility and term loan B. The Credit AgreementFirst Amendment established a relief period (“Relief Period”)Period with respect to our secured revolving credit facility, which commenced on July 15,
45

2020, and willwas scheduled to end on April 1, 2022. Among other changes, this amendment addsthe First Amendment added a new minimum liquidity covenant, tested quarterly until the end of the Relief Period, of (i) $250 million plus (ii) 50% of the aggregate amount of dividends paid after the effective date of the Credit AgreementFirst Amendment and on or prior to the last day of the relevant fiscal quarter. On October 22, 2021, we entered into the Second Amendment governing our revolving credit facility and term loan B which resulted in the termination of this Relief Period and extended the commitment period for the revolving credit facility from May 2023 to October 2026.

On July 24,The revolving credit facility and term loan B are subject to covenants including the maintenance of specific financial ratios as defined in the credit agreement. The financial ratio covenants consist of a minimum interest coverage ratio and a maximum first lien leverage ratio. The interest coverage ratio is calculated by dividing consolidated EBITDA (as defined in the credit agreement) by consolidated interest expense (as defined in the credit agreement), both as measured on a trailing 12-month basis preceding the measurement date. The first lien leverage ratio is calculated by dividing consolidated first lien debt (as defined in the credit agreement) as of the measurement date by consolidated EBITDA (as defined in the credit agreement) as measured on a trailing 12-month basis preceding the measurement date. The Second Amendment stipulates a first lien leverage ratio financial covenant not to exceed 4.75 to 1.0 commencing with the December 31, 2021 period through June 30, 2022, after which time it will return to 4.25 to 1.0, the level in existence prior to the effective date of the First Amendment. It also reestablished the interest coverage ratio (as defined in the credit agreement) of no less than 2.5 to 1.0, the level existing prior to the effective date of the First Amendment. Additionally, the Second Amendment reestablished the annual interest rate in existence prior to the effective date of the First Amendment which is equal to, at our option, either a base rate plus a margin ranging from 0.75% to 1.25% or the London Interbank Offered Rate (“LIBOR”) plus a margin ranging from 1.75% to 2.25%, in either case based upon our first lien leverage ratio. The Second Amendment also includes customary LIBOR replacement language providing for alternative interest rate option upon the cessation of LIBOR publication.

As of December 31, 2021, our first lien leverage ratio was 3.99 to 1.0 and our interest coverage ratio was 4.00 to 1.0. These ratios do not include interest expense or indebtedness related to any qualified securitization financing (as defined in the credit agreement). As of December 31, 2021, we were in compliance with the financial covenants described above.

Secured Notes and Term Loan B
We generally utilize borrowing under our secured notes to meet our long-term financing needs. During 2020 we issued $650 million senior secured notes maturing July 31,due 2026 with an interest rate of 6.625% and during 2021, we issued $650 million of senior secured notes due 2029 with an interest rate of 4.50%. The proceedsThese transactions positively impacted our liquidity and reinforce our expectation that we will be usedmaintain adequate liquidity for general corporate purposes, which may include the repayment of outstanding indebtedness undernext year and beyond.

During 2021, we repaid our secured revolving credit facility, the future repayment of our$250 million 5.625% secured notes due March 2021 and our $650 million 4.25% secured notes due March 2022. As of December 31, 2021, we had $3.37 billion outstanding of secured notes and Term Loan B, with maturities ranging from 2023 to 2030.

Non-recourse Vacation Ownership Debt
Our vacation ownership business finances certain of its VOCRs through (i) asset-backed conduit facilities and (ii) term asset-backed securitizations, all of which are non-recourse to us with respect to principal and interest. For the paymentsecuritizations, we pool qualifying VOCRs and sell them to bankruptcy-remote entities, all of related feeswhich are consolidated into the accompanying Consolidated Balance Sheets as of December 31, 2021. We plan to continue using these sources to finance certain VOCRs. We believe that our USD bank conduit facility with a term through October 2022, which we expect to extend prior to its expiration, and expenses. Inour AUD/NZD bank conduit facility, with a term through April 2023, amounting to a combined capacity of $1.02 billion ($698 million available as of December 31, 2021), along with our ability to issue term asset-backed securities, provide sufficient liquidity to finance the third quarter, we used a portionsale of these proceeds to repay $350 million of our indebtedness underVOIs beyond the secured revolving credit facility.next year.

We plan to continue to use our conduit facilities and non-recourse debt borrowings to finance VOCRs. During the second quarter of 2020, we successfully closed on a $325securitization financings of $850 million private securitization financing. While this transaction was at a higher cost compared to transactions we completed in the past, it was favorable to similar transactions completed2021 and $900 million in the public market at that time. We also closed on a $575 million securitization financing during the third quarter of 2020 at a similar cost compared to transactions we have completed in the past.2020. These transactions positively impacted our liquidity and reinforcedreinforce our expectation that we will be able to maintain adequate liquidity for the near future. Our underlying portfolio continues to perform well with delinquencies lower year-over-year, driven in part by deferral programs, as well as a more mature portfolio from reduced originations over the historically busy summer months. Requests for deferrals have continued to trend down since the second quarter of 2020,next year and now active deferments represent just one percent of loans outstanding.beyond.

Our liquidity position may be negatively affected by unfavorable conditions in the capital markets in which we operate or if our VOCR portfolios do not meet specified portfolio credit parameters. Our liquidity, as it relates to our VOCR securitization program, could be adversely affected if we were to fail to renew or replace our conduit facilities on their expiration dates, or if a particular receivables pool were to fail to meet certain ratios, which could occur in certain instances if the default rates or other credit metrics of the underlying VOCRs deteriorate. Our ability to sell securities backed by our VOCRs depends on the continued ability and willingness of capital market participants to invest in such securities.

46

Each of our non-recourse, timeshare receivables U.S. dollars (“USD”)securitized term notes, and the bank conduit facility was renewed on October 27, 2020. The facility has a borrowing capacityfacilities contain various triggers relating to the performance of $800 million through October 2022, and had $632 millionthe applicable loan pools. If the VOCR pool that collateralizes one of available capacityour securitization notes fails to perform within the parameters established by the contractual triggers (such as higher default or delinquency rates), there are provisions pursuant to which the cash flows for that pool will be maintained in the securitization as extra collateral for the note holders or applied to accelerate the repayment of outstanding principal to the note holders. As of December 31, 2020. Borrowings under this facility are required to be repaid as the collateralized receivables amortize, but no later than November 2023.

Our non-recourse timeshare receivables Australian and New Zealand dollars (“AUD” and “NZD”) bank conduit facility has a borrowing capacity2021, all of A$255 million and NZ$48 million through September 2021 and available capacity of $58 million as of December 31, 2020. Borrowings under this facility are required to be repaid no later than September 2023.our securitized loan pools were in compliance with applicable contractual triggers.

We may, from time to time, depending on market conditions and other factors, repurchase our outstanding indebtedness, whether or not such indebtedness trades above or below its face amount, for cash and/or in exchange for other securities or other consideration, in each case in open market purchases and/or privately negotiated transactions.

For additional details regarding our credit facilities, term loan B, and non-recourse debt see Note 16—Debt to the Consolidated Financial Statements.

Material Cash Requirements
The following table summarizes material future contractual obligations of our continuing operations (in millions). We plan to fund these obligations along with our other cash requirements with net cash from operations, cash and cash equivalents as well as access to our revolving credit facilities, bank conduit facilities, and continued access to debt markets.

20222023202420252026ThereafterTotal
Debt$$407 $303 $625 $643 $1,394 $3,379 
Non-recourse debt (a)
424 234 201 201 214 660 1,934 
Interest on debt (b)
230 205 182 163 114 151 1,045 
Purchase commitments (c)
208 117 105 132 93 171 826 
Operating leases32 30 28 24 14 35 163 
Inventory sold subject to conditional repurchase (d)
35 30 — — — — 65 
Total (e)
$936 $1,023 $819 $1,145 $1,078 $2,411 $7,412 
(a)Represents debt that is securitized through bankruptcy-remote special purpose entities the creditors of which have no recourse to us for principal and interest.
(b)Includes interest on both debt and non-recourse debt; estimated using the stated interest rates.
(c)Includes (i) $656 million for marketing related activities, (ii) $61 million relating to the development of vacation ownership properties, and (iii) $45 million for information technology activities.
(d)Represents obligations to repurchase completed vacation ownership properties from third-party developers (see Note 11—Inventory to the Consolidated Financial Statements for further detail) of which $13 million is included within Accrued expenses and other liabilities on the Consolidated Balance Sheets.
(e)Excludes a $38 million liability for unrecognized tax benefits since it is not reasonably estimable to determine the periods in which such liability would be settled with the respective tax authorities.

In addition to the amounts shown in the table above and in connection with our separation from Cendant, we entered into certain guarantee commitments with Cendant (pursuant to our assumption of certain liabilities and our obligation to indemnify Cendant, Realogy, and Travelport for such liabilities) and guarantee commitments related to deferred compensation arrangements with Cendant and Realogy. We also entered into certain guarantee commitments related to the sale of our European vacation rentals business. For information on matters related to our former parent and subsidiaries see Note 29—Transactions with Former Parent and Former Subsidiaries to the Consolidated Financial Statements.

In addition to the key contractual obligation and separation related commitments mentioned above, we have the following other commercial commitments and off-balance sheet arrangements:

We enter into agreements that contain standard guarantees and indemnities whereby we indemnify another party for specified breaches of, or third-party claims relating to, an underlying agreement. Such underlying agreements are typically entered into by one of our subsidiaries. The various underlying agreements generally govern purchases, sales or outsourcing of products or services, leases of real estate, licensing of software and/or development of vacation ownership properties, access to credit facilities, derivatives, and issuances of debt securities. We also provide corporate guarantees for our operating business units relating to merchant credit-card processing for prepaid customer stays and other deposits. While a majority of these guarantees
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and indemnifications extend only for the duration of the underlying agreement, some survive the expiration of the agreement. We are not able to estimate the maximum potential amount of future payments to be made under these guarantees and indemnifications as the triggering events are not predictable. In certain cases we maintain insurance coverage that may mitigate any potential payments.

Our vacation ownership business provides guarantees to certain owners’ associations for funds required to operate and maintain vacation ownership properties in excess of assessments collected from owners of the VOIs. We may be required to fund such a shortfall as a result of unsold company-owned VOIs or failure by owners to pay such assessments. In addition, from time to time, we may agree to reimburse certain owner associations up to 80% of their uncollected assessments. These guarantees extend for the duration of the underlying subsidy or similar agreement (which generally approximate one year and are renewable at our discretion on an annual basis). The maximum potential future payments that we could be required to make under these guarantees was $518 million as of December 31, 2021. We would only be required to pay this maximum amount if none of the assessed owners paid their assessments. Any assessments collected from the owners of the VOIs would reduce the maximum potential amount of future payments to be made by us. Additionally, should we be required to fund the deficit through the payment of any owners’ assessments under these guarantees, we would be permitted to use that property to engage in revenue-producing activities such as rentals. During 2021, 2020, and 2019, we made payments related to these guarantees of $13 million, $13 million, and $11 million. As of December 31, 2021 and 2020, we maintained a liability in connection with these guarantees of $32 million and $26 million included within Accrued expenses and other liabilities on the Consolidated Balance Sheets.

As part of the Fee-for-Service program, we may guarantee to reimburse the developer or to purchase inventory from the developer, for a percentage of the original sale price if certain future conditions exist. As of December 31, 2021, the maximum potential future payments that we may be required to make under these guarantees is $41 million. As of December 31, 2021 and 2020, we had no recognized liabilities in connection with these guarantees.

We generally utilize letters of credit to support the securitization of VOCR fundings, certain insurance policies, and development activities in our vacation ownership business. As of December 31, 2021, we had $36 million of irrevocable standby letters of credit outstanding, of which $2 million were under our revolving credit facilities. As of December 31, 2020, we had $127 million of irrevocable standby letters of credit outstanding, of which $96 million were under our revolving credit facilities. Such letters of credit issued during 2020 included a $48 million letter of credit for guarantees related to the sale of the European vacation rentals business in which Wyndham Hotels and Travel + Leisure Co. were required to maintain certain credit ratings. This letter of credit was released during 2021, see Note 29—Transactions with Former Parent and Former Subsidiaries to the Consolidated Financial Statements for additional details.

We primarily utilize surety bonds in our vacation ownership business for sales and development transactions in order to meet regulatory requirements of certain states. In the ordinary course of our business, we have assembled commitments from 12 surety providers in the amount of $2.3 billion, of which we had $292 million outstanding as of December 31, 2021. The availability, terms and conditions, and pricing of bonding capacity are dependent on, among other things, continued financial strength and stability of the insurance company affiliates providing the bonding capacity, general availability of such capacity, and our corporate credit rating. If the bonding capacity is unavailable or, alternatively, the terms and conditions and pricing of the bonding capacity are unacceptable to us, our vacation ownership business could be negatively impacted.

We have Company sponsored severance plans in place for certain employees in the event of involuntary terminations, other than for cause. As of December 31, 2021, our maximum obligation under these severance plans was $152 million. Refer to the Proxy Statement for our 2022 Annual Meeting of Shareholders under the captions “Compensation of Directors,” “Executive Compensation” and “Committees of the Board” for additional details regarding executive compensation.

Our secured debt is rated Ba3 with a “negative outlook” by Moody’s Investors Service, BB- with a “stable outlook” by
Standard & Poor’s Rating Services, and BB+ with a “negative outlook” by Fitch Rating Agency. A security rating is not a recommendation to buy, sell or hold securities and is subject to revision or withdrawal by the assigning rating organization.
Reference in this report to any such credit rating is intended for the limited purpose of discussing or referring to aspects of our liquidity and of our costs of funds. Any reference to a credit rating is not intended to be any guarantee or assurance of, nor should there be any undue reliance upon, any credit rating or change in credit rating, nor is any such reference intended as any inference concerning future performance, future liquidity or any future credit rating. For information regarding the impact of changes to our credit rating and the credit rating of Wyndham Hotels, see Note 29—Transactions with Former Parent and Former SubsidiariesMatters Related to the European Vacation Rentals Business to the Consolidated Financial Statements.

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We are currently evaluating the impact of the transition from the London Interbank Offered Rate (“LIBOR”)LIBOR as an interest rate benchmark to other potential alternative reference rates, including but not limited to the Secured Overnight Financing Rate (“SOFR”). Currently, we have debt and derivative instruments in place that reference LIBOR-based rates. Although certain of these LIBOR based obligations provide for alternative methods of calculating the related interest rate payable (including transition to an alternative benchmark rate) if LIBOR is not reported, uncertainty as to the extent and manner of future changes may result in interest rates and/or payments that are higher than, lower than, or that do not otherwise correlate over time with the interest rates and/or payments that would have been made on our obligations if LIBOR was available in its current form.
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The transition from LIBOR based benchmark rates is expected to begin January 1, 2022 and be completed when USD LIBOR rates are phased out by June 30, 2023. Management will continue to actively assess the related opportunities and risks involved in this transition. On October 27, 2020, we closed on

We adopted appropriate LIBOR replacement rate transition language into the agreements for the renewal of our USD bank conduit facility (see Note 16—Debt toin 2020 and the Consolidated Financial Statements included in Item 8 of this Annual Report on Form 10-K for additional details) and adopted appropriate LIBOR disclosures for asset-backed securities (“ABS”) financing structures as partrenewal of the renewal. We intendcredit agreement governing the revolving credit facility and term loan B which closed on October 22, 2021. These agreements represented our largest exposure to include such language in our other relevant agreements prior to the end of 2021.LIBOR.

CASH FLOWS
The following table summarizes the changes in cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash between 20202021 and 20192020 (in millions). For a comparative review of the fiscal years ended December 31, 20192020 and 2018,2019, refer to the Cash Flows section in Part II, Item 7 of our Annual Report on Form 10-K filed with the SEC on February 26, 2020.
Year Ended December 31,
20202019Change
Cash provided by/(used in)
Operating activities:
Continuing operations$374 $453 $(79)
Discontinued operations— (1)
Investing activities:
Continuing operations(60)(44)(16)
Discontinued operations(5)(22)17 
Financing activities:
Continuing operations502 (289)791 
Discontinued operations— — — 
Effects of changes in exchange rates on cash and cash equivalents
Net change in cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash$815 $98 $717 
24, 2021.
Year Ended December 31,
Cash provided by/(used in)20212020Change
Operating activities:$568 $374 $194 
Investing activities:
Continuing operations(93)(60)(33)
Discontinued operations— (5)
Financing activities:(1,288)502 (1,790)
Effects of changes in exchange rates on cash and cash equivalents(7)(11)
Net change in cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash$(820)$815 $(1,635)

Operating Activities
Net cash provided by operating activities from continuing operations was $374$568 million for the year ended December 31, 2020,2021, compared to $453$374 million in the prior year. This $79$194 million decreaseincrease in 20202021 was primarily driven by a $742$563 million decreaseincrease in net income from continuing operations; andpartially offset by a $170$281 million decrease in non-cash add-back items, mainly due to lower deferred income taxes, partially offset by an $833provision for loan losses, and a $91 million decreaseincrease in cash utilized for working capital (net cash inflow due to the net change in assets and liabilities).

Net cash used in operating activities from discontinued operations was $1 million for the year ended December 31, 2019.capital.

Investing Activities
Net cash used in investing activities from continuing operations was $60$93 million for the year ended December 31, 2020,
2021, compared to $44$60 million in the prior year. This increase in cash used was primarily driven by $106$37 million of net proceeds fromcash payments for the saleacquisition of the North American vacation rentals businessTravel + Leisure brand in 20192021; partially offset by $51 million outflow for the acquisition of businesses in 2019, and $39$12 million lower property and equipment additions in 20202021.
Net cash used in investing activities from discontinued operations was $5$5 million for the year ended December 31, 2020, compared to which$22 million in the prior year. Cash used in investing activities from discontinued operations for both periods was related to the sale of the European vacation rentalrentals business.

Financing Activities
Net cash provided byused in financing activities from continuing operations was $502 million$1.29 billion for the year ended December 31, 2020,2021, compared to net cash usedprovided of $289$502 million in the prior year. This increaseThe variance was primarily due to $1.02 billion of higher net proceeds from debt and notes driven byrepayments in 2021 due to the early payoff of our $650 million note issuanceandnotes due March 2022, the net proceedspayoff of $547 million on our secured revolving credit facility in 2020,of $547 million, and payoff of our $250 million notes due March 2021, partially offset by$128 the issuance of $650 million notes due December 2029; compared to prior year proceeds from the issuance of $650 million notes and $547 million of net proceeds from debt and notes in 2019 and a $40 million note repayment in 2020. Additionally, the remaining increaseborrowings under our secured revolving credit facility. The variance was also due to a $212 million decrease in cash used for share repurchases, and $69$103 million of payments madedecreased share repurchase activity in 2021 compared to Wyndham Hotels in 2019, for which there was no equivalent in 2020. These increases were partially offset by $518 million of higher net repayments of non-recourse debt in 2020.

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Capital Deployment
We focus on deploying capital for the highest possible returns. Ultimately, our business objective is to grow our business while optimizing cash flow and Adjusted EBITDA. We intend to continue to invest in select capital and technological improvements across our business. We may also seek to strategically grow the business through merger and acquisition activities. We also intendAs part of our merger and acquisition strategy, we have made, and expect to reduce our long term indebtednesscontinue to make, acquisition proposals and seekenter into non-binding letters of intent, allowing us to return toconduct due diligence on a first lien leverage ratio below 4.25 to 1.0 on or prior to April 1, 2022. Finally, overconfidential basis. A potential transaction contemplated by a letter of intent may never reach the long termpoint where we enter into a definitive agreement, nor can we predict the timing of such a potential transaction. Finally, we intend to continue to return value to shareholders through the repurchase of common stock and payment of dividends, although our share repurchase program has been suspended since March 2020 as a result of the impact of COVID-19.dividends. All future declarations of quarterly cash dividends are subject to final approval by the Board.

On October 22, 2021, we renewed the credit agreement governing our revolving credit facility and term loan B. The renewal eliminated the Relief Period restrictions on share repurchases, among other changes, and we resumed share repurchases during the fourth quarter of 2021.

During 2020,2021, we spent $177$165 million inon vacation ownership development projects (inventory), a reduction of approximately $83 million from the expected spend as communicated in our 2019 Annual Report on Form 10-K filed with the SEC on February 26, 2020, due to the impact of COVID-19 on our industry and business.. We believe that our vacation ownership business currently has adequate finished inventory on our balance sheet to support vacation ownership sales for at least 2021.several years. The average inventory spend on vacation ownership development projects for the five-year period from 20212022 through 20252026 is expected to be between $170$140 million and $200$170 million annually. After factoring in the anticipated additional average annual spending, we expect to have adequate inventory to support vacation ownership sales through at least the next four to five years.

During 2020,2021, we invested $69$57 million foron capital expenditures, primarily on information technology enhancement and facility related projects, a reduction of approximately $50 million from the expected spend as communicated in our 2019 Annual Report on Form 10-K filed with the SEC on February 26, 2020, due to the impact of COVID-19.sales center improvement projects. During 2021,2022, we anticipate investing $70$60 million to $75$65 million on capital expenditures.

In connection with our focus on optimizing cash flow, we are continuing our asset-light efforts in vacation ownership by seeking opportunities with financial partners whereby they make strategic investments to develop assets on our behalf. We refer to this as Just-in-Time. The partner may invest in new ground-up development projects or purchase from us, for cash, existing in-process inventory which currently resides on our balance sheet. The partner will complete the development of the project and we may purchase finished inventory at a future date as needed or as obligated under the agreement.

We expect that the majority of the expenditures that will be required to pursue our capital spending programs, strategic investments and vacation ownership development projects will be financed with cash flow generated through operations.operations and cash and cash equivalents. We expect that additional expenditures will be financed with general secured corporate borrowings, including through the use of available capacity under our revolving credit facility.

StockShare Repurchase Program
On August 20, 2007, our Board authorized a stockshare repurchase program that enables us to purchase our common stock. The Board has since increased the capacity of the program eight times, most recently in October 2017 by $1.0 billion, bringing the total authorization under the current program to $6.0 billion. Proceeds received from stock option exercises have increased theour repurchase capacity by $78$81 million since the inception of this program. We had $351$328 million of remaining availability in our program as of December 31, 2020.2021.

Under our current share repurchase program, we repurchased 3.10.5 million shares at an average price of $40.79$52.94 for a cost of $125$26 million during the year ended December 31, 2020.2021. The amount and timing of specific repurchases are subject to market conditions, applicable legal requirements and other factors.factors, including capital allocation priorities. Repurchases may be conducted in the open market or in privately negotiated transactions. We suspended share repurchase activity in March 2020 due to uncertainty associated with COVID-19. On July 15, 2020, we amendedentered into the credit agreement for our revolving credit facility and term loan B. Among other changes, the Credit AgreementFirst Amendment places us into a Relief Period from July 15, 2020 through April 1, 2022 that prohibits the use of cash for share repurchases until such time as we choose to exercise our option to exit the amendment.

Dividends
For each of the quarterly periods ended March 31, and June 30, 2020 we paid cash dividends of $0.50 per share, and for each of the quarterly periods ended September 30, and December 31, 2020 we paid cash dividends of $0.30 per share. For each of the quarterly periods in 2019, we paid cash dividends of $0.45 per share. During the quarterly period ended March 31, 2018, Wyndham Worldwide Corporation (“Wyndham Worldwide”) paid cash dividends of $0.66 per share, and in each of the quarterly periods ended June 30, September 30, and December 31, 2018, we paid cash dividends of $0.41 per share. The dividend of $0.66 per share was declared by Wyndham Worldwide prior to the Spin-off. The aggregate of dividends paid to shareholders for 2020, 2019, and 2018, were $138 million, $166 million, and $194 million.

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On July 15, 2020, we amended the credit agreement governing our revolving credit facility and term loan B. Among other changes, the amendment placesFirst Amendment placed us into a Relief Period from July 15, 2020 through April 1, 2022 that prohibited the use of cash for share repurchases during this period. On October 22, 2021, we entered into the Second Amendment which addsrenewed the credit agreement governing our revolving credit facility and term loan B. This Second Amendment eliminated the Relief Period restrictions on share repurchases, among other changes. In connection with this Second Amendment we resumed share repurchases during the fourth quarter of 2021.

Dividends
During 2021, we paid cash dividends of $0.30 per share for the first, second, and third quarters, and $0.35 per share for the fourth quarter. During 2020, we paid cash dividends of $0.50 per share for the first and second quarters, and $0.30 per share for the third and fourth quarters. We paid cash dividends of $0.45 per share for all four quarters of 2019. The aggregate of dividends paid to shareholders for 2021, 2020, and 2019, were $109 million, $138 million, and $166 million.
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The First Amendment, which we entered into on July 15, 2020, among other changes, established a Relief Period which added a new minimum liquidity covenant, tested quarterly until the end of the Relief Period, of (i) $250 million plus (ii) 50% of the aggregate amount of dividends paid after the amendment effective date of the First Amendment and on or prior to the last day of the relevant fiscal quarter. Additionally, the amendment limitsFirst Amendment limited the payout of dividends during the Relief Period to not exceed $0.50 per share, the rate in effect prior to the amendment.First Amendment. The Second Amendment, which was entered into on October 22, 2021, renewed the credit agreement governing our revolving credit facility and term loan B and terminated the Relief Period which, among other changes, eliminated the restrictions on dividends and the Relief Period minimum liquidity covenant established by the First Amendment.

Although our quarterly dividend was previously reduced during the third quarter of 2020 due to the impactimpacts of COVID-19, we intendwere able to increase our dividend in the fourth quarter of 2021 and our long-term expectation is to grow our dividend at the rate of growth of our earnings at a minimum, with the exception of the adjustment during 2018 as a result of the Spin-off, and limitations set by the Credit Agreement Amendment.minimum. The declaration and payment of future dividends to holders of our common stock are at the discretion of our Board and depend upon many factors, including our financial condition, earnings, capital requirements of our business, covenants associated with certain debt obligations, legal requirements, regulatory constraints, industry practice and other factors that our Board deems relevant. There is no assurance that a payment of a dividend or a dividend at current levels will occur in the future.

Foreign Earnings
Although the one-time mandatory deemed repatriation tax during 2017 and the territorial tax system created as a result of the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act, which is also commonly referred to as ‘‘U.S. tax reform,” generally eliminate U.S. federal income taxes on dividends from foreign subsidiaries, weWe assert that substantially all of the undistributed foreign earnings of $805 million will be reinvested indefinitely as of December 31, 2020.2021. In the event we determine not to continue to assert that all or part of our undistributed foreign earnings are permanently reinvested, such a determination in the future could result in the accrual and payment of additional foreign withholding taxes, as well as U.S. taxes on currency transaction gains and losses, the determination of which is not practicable.

LONG-TERM DEBT COVENANTS
The revolving credit facilities and term loan B are subject to covenants including the maintenance of specific financial ratios as defined in the credit agreement. The financial ratio covenants consist of a minimum interest coverage ratio and a maximum first lien leverage ratio. The interest coverage ratio is calculated by dividing consolidated EBITDA (as defined in the credit agreement) by consolidated interest expense (as defined in the credit agreement), both as measured on a trailing 12-month basis preceding the measurement date. The first lien leverage ratio is calculated by dividing consolidated first lien debt (as defined in the credit agreement) as of the measurement date by consolidated EBITDA (as defined in the credit agreement) as measured on a trailing 12-month basis preceding the measurement date.

The global spread of COVID-19 has significantly impacted the travel industry, our company, our customers, and our employees. Our response to COVID-19 initially focused on the health and safety of our owners, members, guests and employees, when we closed the majority of our resorts and sales centers. We were also keenly focused on preserving cash, cutting costs, and managing liquidity. While we have reopened 81% of our resorts as of December 31, 2020 (92% as of the date of this filing) and reopened 86% of our sales offices (92% as of the date of this filing), the continued impact of COVID-19 on our industry and business will lead to a higher first lien leverage ratio in the near term. On July 15, 2020, we amended the credit agreement governing the revolving credit facility and term loan B which increased the maximum first lien leverage ratio and decreased the minimum interest coverage ratio allowed during the specified Relief Period through the first quarter of 2022. The Relief Period includes certain restrictions on the use of cash including the prohibition of share repurchases unless the first lien leverage ratio is below the original ratio of 4.25 to 1.0 after the share repurchase. We have the option to terminate this Relief Period at any time we can demonstrate compliance with the 4.25 to 1.0 first lien leverage ratio. As of December 31, 2020, the Relief Period increased the maximum first lien leverage ratio to not exceed 7.50 to 1.0. Additionally, during the Relief Period, a new minimum liquidity covenant was added, which is tested quarterly until the end of the Relief Period, and requires us to maintain an interest coverage ratio (as defined in the credit agreement) of not less than 2.00 to 1.0. See Note 16—Debt to the Consolidated Financial Statements included in Item 8 of this Annual Report on Form 10-K for additional details.

As of December 31, 2020, our first lien leverage ratio was 5.4 to 1.0 and our interest coverage ratio was 3.0 to 1.0. These ratios do not include interest expense or indebtedness related to any qualified securitization financing (as defined in the credit agreement). As of December 31, 2020, we were in compliance with the financial covenants described above. Under the credit agreement, if our first lien leverage ratio exceeds 4.25 to 1.0, the interest rate on revolver borrowings would increase, and we would be subject to higher fees associated with our letters of credit. Given the first lien leverage ratio at December 31, 2020, the interest rate on the revolver borrowings will increase 25 basis points effective March 1, 2021. This interest rate is subject to future changes based on our first lien ratio which could serve to further increase the rate up to an additional 25 basis points, or reduce this rate.

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Each of our non-recourse, securitized term notes, and the bank conduit facilities contain various triggers relating to the performance of the applicable loan pools. If the VOCRs pool that collateralizes one of our securitization notes fails to perform within the parameters established by the contractual triggers (such as higher default or delinquency rates), there are provisions pursuant to which the cash flows for that pool will be maintained in the securitization as extra collateral for the note holders or applied to accelerate the repayment of outstanding principal to the note holders. As of December 31, 2020, all of our securitized loan pools were in compliance with applicable contractual triggers.

For additional details regarding our credit facilities, term loan B, and non-recourse debt see Note 16—Debt to the Consolidated Financial Statements included in Item 8 of this Annual Report on Form 10-K.

LIQUIDITY
Our vacation ownership business finances certain of its VOCRs through (i) asset-backed conduit facilities and (ii) term asset-backed securitizations, all of which are non-recourse to us with respect to principal and interest.

We believe that our USD bank conduit facility with an extended term through October 2022 and our AUD/NZD bank conduit facility, with a current term through September 2021, amounting to a combined capacity of $1.03 billion, along with our ability to issue term asset-backed securities, should provide sufficient liquidity for our expected sales pace, and we expect to have available liquidity to finance the sale of VOIs for the next 12 months. As of December 31, 2020, we had $690 million of availability under these asset-backed conduit facilities. Any disruption to the asset-backed securities market could adversely impact our future ability to obtain asset-backed financings.

Our liquidity position may also be negatively affected by unfavorable conditions in the capital markets in which we operate or if our VOCRs portfolios do not meet specified portfolio credit parameters. Our liquidity, as it relates to our VOCRs securitization program, could be adversely affected if we were to fail to renew or replace our conduit facilities on their expiration dates, or if a particular receivables pool were to fail to meet certain ratios, which could occur in certain instances if the default rates or other credit metrics of the underlying VOCRs deteriorate. Our ability to sell securities backed by our VOCRs depends on the continued ability and willingness of capital market participants to invest in such securities. During the second quarter of 2020, we successfully closed on a $325 million private securitization financing. While this transaction was at a higher cost compared to transactions we have completed in the past, it was favorable to similar transactions completed in the public market at that time. We also closed on a $575 million securitization financing during the third quarter of 2020 at a similar cost compared to transactions we have completed in the past. These transactions positively impacted our liquidity and reinforced our expectation that we will be able to maintain adequate liquidity for the near future.

We primarily utilize surety bonds in our vacation ownership business for sales and development transactions in order to meet regulatory requirements of certain states. In the ordinary course of our business, we have assembled commitments from 12 surety providers in the amount of $2.3 billion, of which we had $261 million outstanding as of December 31, 2020. The availability, terms and conditions, and pricing of bonding capacity are dependent on, among other things, continued financial strength and stability of the insurance company affiliates providing the bonding capacity, general availability of such capacity and our corporate credit rating. If the bonding capacity is unavailable or, alternatively, the terms and conditions and pricing of the bonding capacity are unacceptable to us, our vacation ownership business could be negatively impacted.

During the second quarter of 2020, Moody’s Investors Service, Inc. downgraded our secured debt rating from Ba2 to Ba3 with a “negative outlook.” Our secured debt is rated BB- with a “negative outlook” by S&P, and BB+ with a “negative outlook” by Fitch Rating Agency. A security rating is not a recommendation to buy, sell or hold securities and is subject to revision or withdrawal by the assigning rating organization. Reference in this report to any such credit rating is intended for the limited purpose of discussing or referring to aspects of our liquidity and of our costs of funds. Any reference to a credit rating is not intended to be any guarantee or assurance of, nor should there be any undue reliance upon, any credit rating or change in credit rating, nor is any such reference intended as any inference concerning future performance, future liquidity or any future credit rating. For information regarding the impact of our credit rating downgrade and credit rating downgrade of Wyndham Hotels, see Note 29—Transactions with Former Parent and Former Subsidiaries- Matters Related to the European Vacation Rentals Business to the Consolidated Financial Statements included in Item 8 of this Annual Report on Form 10-K.

SEASONALITY
We experience seasonal fluctuations in our net revenues and net income from sales of VOIs and vacation exchange fees. Revenues from sales of VOIs are generally higher in the third quarter than in other quarters due to increased leisure travel. Revenues from vacation exchange fees are generally highest in the first quarter, which is generally when members of our
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vacation exchange business book their vacations for the year. Our seasonality has been and could continue to be impacted by COVID-19.

The seasonality of our business may cause fluctuations in our quarterly operating results. As we expand into new markets and geographical locations, we may experience increased or different seasonality dynamics that create fluctuations in operating results different from the fluctuations we have experienced in the past.

COMMITMENTS AND CONTINGENCIES
From time to time, we are involved in claims, legal and regulatory proceedings, and governmental inquiries related to our business, none of which, in the opinion of management, is expected to have a material effect on our results of operations or financial condition. See Note 2020—Commitments and Contingencies to the Consolidated Financial Statements included in Item 8 of this Annual Report on Form 10-K for a description of claims and legal actions arising in the ordinary course of our business along with our guarantees and indemnifications and Note 2929—Transactions with Former Parent and Former Subsidiaries to the Consolidated Financial Statements included in Item 8 of this Annual Report on Form 10-K for a description of our obligations regarding Cendant contingent litigation, matters related to Wyndham Hotels, matters related to the European vacation rentals business, and matters related to the North American vacation rentals business.

CONTRACTUAL OBLIGATIONS
The following table summarizes the future contractual obligations of our continuing operations for the 12-month periods beginning on January 1st of each of the years set forth below (in millions):
20212022202320242025ThereafterTotal
Debt$253 $653 $952 $301 $622 $1,395 $4,176 
Non-recourse debt (a)
369 341 223 224 241 836 2,234 
Interest on debt (b)
268 229 190 160 138 134 1,119 
Purchase commitments (c)
228 184 100 100 98 263 973 
Operating leases35 30 28 27 23 49 192 
Inventory sold subject to conditional repurchase (d)
29 30 — — — — 59 
Separation liabilities (e)
12 — — — 15 
Finance leases— — — 
Other (f)
11 — 10 — — — 21 
Total (g)
$1,197 $1,482 $1,505 $812 $1,122 $2,679 $8,797 

(a)Represents debt that is securitized through bankruptcy-remote special purpose entities the creditors of which have no recourse to us for principal and interest.
(b)Includes interest on both debt and non-recourse debt; estimated using the stated interest rates on our debt and non-recourse debt.
(c)Includes (i) $714 million for marketing related activities, (ii) $143 million relating to the development of vacation ownership properties, $53 million of which is included within Accrued expenses and other liabilities on the Consolidated Balance Sheets included in Item 8 of this Annual Report on Form 10-K; and (iii) $31 million for information technology activities. Commitments for marketing related activities decreased $317 million from 2019 to 2020, primarily related to renegotiated and exited contracts as a result of COVID-19.
(d)Represents obligations to repurchase completed vacation ownership properties from third-party developers (see Note 11—Inventory to the Consolidated Financial Statements included in Item 8 of this Annual Report on Form 10-K for further detail) of which $13 million is included within Accrued expenses and other liabilities on the Consolidated Balance Sheets included in Item 8 of this Annual Report on Form 10-K.
(e)Represents liabilities which we assumed and are responsible for pursuant to the Cendant separation and Spin-off (See Note 29—Transactions with Former Parent and Former Subsidiaries to the Consolidated Financial Statements included in Item 8 of this Annual Report on Form 10-K for further detail).
(f)Represents future consideration to be paid for the acquisition of ARN (See Note 5—Acquisitions to the Consolidated Financial Statements included in Item 8 of this Annual Report on Form 10-K for further detail).
(g)Excludes a $35 million liability for unrecognized tax benefits since it is not reasonably estimable to determine the periods in which such liability would be settled with the respective tax authorities.

In addition to the amounts shown in the table above and in connection with our separation from Cendant, we entered into certain guarantee commitments with Cendant (pursuant to our assumption of certain liabilities and our obligation to indemnify Cendant, Realogy, and Travelport for such liabilities) and guarantee commitments related to deferred compensation
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arrangements with each of Cendant and Realogy. For information on matters related to our former parent and subsidiaries see Note 29—Transactions with Former Parent and Former Subsidiaries to the Consolidated Financial Statements included in Item 8 of this Annual Report on Form 10-K.

OTHER COMMERCIAL COMMITMENTS AND OFF-BALANCE SHEET ARRANGEMENTS
Standard Guarantees/Indemnifications. In the ordinary course of business, we enter into agreements that contain standard guarantees and indemnities whereby we indemnify another party for specified breaches of, or third-party claims relating to, an underlying agreement. Such underlying agreements are typically entered into by one of our subsidiaries. The various underlying agreements generally govern purchases, sales or outsourcing of products or services, leases of real estate, licensing of software and/or development of vacation ownership properties, access to credit facilities, derivatives, and issuances of debt securities. Also in the ordinary course of business, we provide corporate guarantees for our operating business units relating to merchant credit-card processing for prepaid customer stays and other deposits. While a majority of these guarantees and indemnifications extend only for the duration of the underlying agreement, some survive the expiration of the agreement. We are not able to estimate the maximum potential amount of future payments to be made under these guarantees and indemnifications as the triggering events are not predictable. In certain cases we maintain insurance coverage that may mitigate any potential payments.

Other Guarantees/Indemnifications. In the ordinary course of business, our vacation ownership business provides guarantees to certain owners’ associations for funds required to operate and maintain vacation ownership properties in excess of assessments collected from owners of the VOIs. We may be required to fund such excess as a result of unsold company-owned VOIs or failure by owners to pay such assessments. In addition, from time to time, we will agree to reimburse certain owner associations up to 80% of their uncollected assessments. These guarantees extend for the duration of the underlying subsidy or similar agreement (which generally approximate one year and are renewable at our discretion on an annual basis). The maximum potential future payments that we could be required to make under these guarantees was $550 million as of December 31, 2020. We would only be required to pay this maximum amount if none of the assessed owners paid their assessments. Any assessments collected from the owners of the VOIs would reduce the maximum potential amount of future payments to be made by us. Additionally, should we be required to fund the deficit through the payment of any owners’ assessments under these guarantees, we would be permitted access to the property for our own use and may use that property to engage in revenue-producing activities such as rentals. During 2020, 2019, and 2018, we made payments related to these guarantees of $13 million, $11 million, and $10 million. As of December 31, 2020 and 2019, we maintained a liability in connection with these guarantees of $26 million and $21 million included within Accrued expenses and other liabilities on the Consolidated Balance Sheets included in Item 8 of this Annual Report on Form 10-K.

We guarantee our Vacation Ownership subsidiary’s obligations to repurchase completed property in Las Vegas, Nevada, from third-party developers subject to the property meeting our vacation ownership resort standards and provided that the third-party developers have not sold the property to another party. The maximum potential future payments that we may be required to make under these commitments was $59 million as of December 31, 2020.

As part of the Fee-for-Service program, we may guarantee to reimburse the developer a certain payment or to purchase inventory from the developer, for a percentage of the original sale price if certain future conditions exist. As of December 31, 2020, the maximum potential future payments that we may be required to make under these guarantees is $32 million. As of December 31, 2020 and 2019, we had no recognized liabilities in connection with these guarantees.

In connection with our vacation ownership inventory sale transactions, for which we have conditional rights and conditional obligations to repurchase the completed properties, we are required to maintain an investment-grade credit rating from at least one rating agency. As a result of the Spin-off, we failed to maintain an investment-grade credit rating with at least one rating agency, which triggered a default. During 2018, we agreed to pay $8 million in fees in lieu of posting collateral in favor of the development partner in an amount equal to the remaining obligations under the agreements.

Securitizations. We pool qualifying VOCRs and sell them to bankruptcy-remote entities, all of which are consolidated into the accompanying Consolidated Balance Sheets as of December 31, 2020.

Letters of Credit. As of December 31, 2020, we had $127 million of irrevocable standby letters of credit outstanding, of which $96 million were under our revolving credit facilities. As of December 31, 2019, we had $60 million of irrevocable standby letters of credit outstanding, of which $17 million were under our revolving credit facilities. Such letters of credit issued during 2020 include a $48 million letter of credit for guarantees related to the sale of the European vacation rentals business in which Wyndham Hotels and Travel + Leisure are required to maintain certain credit ratings, see Note 29—Transactions with Former Parent and Former Subsidiaries to the Consolidated Financial Statements included in Item 8 of this Annual Report on Form
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10-K for additional details. The letters of credit issued during 2020 and 2019 also supported the securitization of VOCRs fundings, certain insurance policies, and development activity in our vacation ownership business.

Surety Bonds. As of December 31, 2020, we had assembled commitments from 12 surety providers in the amount of $2.3 billion, of which $261 million was outstanding. See Note 20—Commitments and Contingencies to the Consolidated Financial Statements included in Item 8 of this Annual Report on Form 10-K for additional discussion of our surety bonds.

CRITICAL ACCOUNTING POLICIESESTIMATES
In presenting our financial statements in conformity with GAAP, we are required to make estimates and assumptions that affect the amounts reported therein. Several of the estimates and assumptions we are required to make relate to matters that are inherently uncertain as they pertain to future events. However, events that are outside of our control cannot be predicted and, as such, they cannot be contemplated in evaluating such estimates and assumptions. If there is a significant unfavorable change to current conditions, it could result in a material impact to our consolidated results of operations, financial position, and liquidity. We believe that the estimates and assumptions we used when preparing our financial statements were the most appropriate at that time. In addition to our significant accounting policies referenced in Note 2—Summary of Significant Accounting Policiesto the Consolidated Financial Statements, included in Item 8 of this Annual Report on Form 10-K, presented below are thosethe critical accounting policiesestimates that we believe require subjective and complex judgments that could potentially affect reported results. However, the majority

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Vacation Ownership Revenue Recognition.Recognition and Allowance for Loan Losses. Our sales of VOIs are either cash sales or developer-financed sales. Developer financed sales are typically collateralized by the underlying VOI. Revenue is recognized on VOI sales upon transfer of control, which is defined as the point in time when a binding sales contract has been executed, the financing contract has been executed for the remaining transaction price, the statutory rescission period has expired, and the transaction price has been deemed to be collectible. For developer-financed sales, we reduceproject our losses for uncollectible accounts over the VOI sales transaction price by anentire lives of our notes. This estimate of uncollectible consideration reduces the amount of revenue recognized at the time of sale and establishes an allowance for loan loss which reduces the sale. receivable.

Our estimates of uncollectible amounts are based largely on the results of our static pool analysis which relies on historical payment data by customer class. In connection with entering into a VOI sale, we may provide our customers with certain non-cash incentives, such as credits for future stays at our resorts. For those VOI sales, we bifurcate the sale and allocate the sales price between the VOI sale and the non-cash incentive. Non-cash incentives generally have expiration periods of 18 months or less and are recognized at a point in time upon transfer of control.

Allowance for Loan Losses. In our Vacation Ownership segment, we provide for estimated VOCR defaults at the time of VOI sales by recording a provision for loan losses as a reduction of Vacation ownership interest sales on the Consolidated Statements of (Loss)/Income. We assess the adequacy of the allowance for loan losses based on the historical performance of similar VOCRs. We use a technique referred to as static pool analysis which tracks defaults for each year’s sales over the entire life of those contract receivables. We consider current defaults, past due aging, historical write-offs of contracts and consumer credit scores (FICO scores) in the assessment of a borrower’s credit strength, down payment amount and expected loan performance. We also consider whether the historical economic conditions are comparable to current economic conditions. If current or expected future conditions differ from the conditions in effect when the historical experience was generated, we adjust the allowance for loan losses to reflect the expected effects of the current environment on the collectability of our VOCRs. There were no changes to the assumptions used in this model in 2021.

DuringIn March 2020, as a result of the first quarter of 2020, we evaluated theCOVID-19 pandemic’s impact of COVID-19 on our owners’ ability to repay their contract receivables, and as a result we recordedadded an additional model that increased the allowance for loan losses by $225 million, allowance. Werepresenting 6% of gross VOCRs as of March 31, 2020. This additional model was based our COVID-19 loan loss estimate upon historical data on the relationship between unemployment rates and net new defaults observed during the most recent recession.defaults. The allowance recordedmodel provided for the full estimated impact of a prolonged recession (approximately 15-20 months to return to pre-COVID-19 defaults)from the peak of unemployment) based on our historical data forfrom the most recent recession in 2008. As a result ofBased upon improved performance in our quarterly analysis on the impact of COVID-19 on our owners, in the fourth quarter there was an improvement inportfolio (lower net new defaultsdefaults) and lower than expected unemployment rates; as such we reduced this reserve by $20 million. Ifimproved unemployment rates, or our collection experiencewe reversed $111 million of the initial $225 million provision recorded in March 2020. After considering write-offs and the allowance for our VOCRs differ significantly from current expectations,remaining likely defaults associated with loans that were granted payment deferrals, we may need to further increase or decrease ourhave no COVID-19 related allowances as of December 31, 2021. The allowance for loan losses for VOCRs. Asis our most significant and complex estimate. Over the past five years, the year-end allowance as a percentage of December 31,gross VOCRs has ranged from 18.1% to 19.5% with the exception of 2020 given the significant amount of government assistance provided to consumers in the early stages of the pandemic, we expect defaults to remain elevated for the next 12-15 monthswhich was 21.8% as a result of the impact of COVID-19. See Note 10—Vacation Ownership Contract Receivables to the Consolidated Financial Statements for additional details of changes in the COVID-19 estimates and impacts to the financial statements.

Inventory. Our inventory primarily consists of completed VOIs, VOIs under construction, land held for future VOI development, vacation credits and real estate interests sold subject to conditional repurchase. We carry our inventory at the lower of cost, or estimated fair value less costs to sell, which can result in impairment charges and/or recoveries of previous
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impairments. Cost of VOIs includes all costs directly associated with the acquisition, development and construction of the underlying resort property, including capitalized interest, property taxes and certain other carrying costs incurred during the construction process.

We use the relative sales value method of costing and relieving our VOI inventory. This method requires us to make estimates subject to significant uncertainty, including future sales prices and volumes as well as credit losses and related inventory recoveries. The impact of any changes in estimates under the relative sales value method is recorded in Cost of vacation ownership interests on the Consolidated Statements of Income/(Loss)/Income in order to retrospectively adjust the margin previously recorded subject to those estimates. There were no changes in these assumptions during 2021.

Impairment of Long-Lived Assets. With regard to theWe perform an annual review of our goodwill and other indefinite-lived intangible assets, recorded in connection with business combinations, we annually (during the fourth quarter of each year subsequent to completing our annual forecasting process), or more frequently if circumstances indicate that the value of goodwill may be impaired, review the reporting units’ carrying values as required by the guidance for goodwill and other intangible assets. This is done either by performing a qualitative assessment or a quantitative assessment, with an impairment being recognized only if a reporting unit’s fair value is less than carrying value. In any given year we can elect to perform a qualitative assessment to determine whether it is more likely than not that the fair value of a reporting unit is in excess of its carrying value. If it is not more likely than not that the fair value is in excess of the carrying value, or we elect to bypass the qualitative assessment, we would utilize the quantitative assessment. The qualitative factors evaluated include macroeconomic conditions, industry and market considerations, cost factors, overall financial performance, our historical share price as well as other industry-specific considerations.

Given the impact of COVID-19 on our industry and business, we performed a qualitative assessment for impairment on each reporting unit’s goodwill, as well as a quantitative assessment on ARN’s goodwill, during 2020. Based on the results of these assessments performed during 2020, we determined that ARN’s goodwill is not impaired and that it is more likely than not that our goodwill is not impaired at our other reporting units. To the extent estimated discounted cash flows are revised downward for ARN, whether as a result of continued and worsening COVID-19 impacts or if management’s current negotiations to expand ARN programs both internally and externally do not materialize as expected, we may be required to write-down all or a portion of goodwill, which would adversely impact earnings.

We also determine whether the carrying value of other indefinite-lived intangible assets is impaired on an annual basis or more frequently if indicators of potential impairment exist. Application of the other indefinite-lived intangible assets impairment test requires judgment in the assumptions underlying the approach used to determine fair value. The fair value of each other indefinite-lived intangible asset is estimated using a discounted cash flow methodology. This analysis requires significant judgments, including anticipated market conditions, operating expense trends, estimation of future cash flows, which are dependent on internal forecasts, and estimation of long-term rate of growth. The estimates used to calculate the fair value of other indefinite-lived intangible assets change from year to year based on operating results and market conditions. There were no changes in the assumptions used in this analysis in 2021. Changes in these estimates and assumptions could materially affect the determination of fair value and the other indefinite-lived intangible assets impairment.

We also evaluate the recoverability of our other long-lived assets, including property and equipment and amortizable intangible assets, if circumstances indicate impairment may have occurred, pursuant to guidance for impairment or disposal of long-lived assets. This analysis is performed by comparing the respective carrying values of the assets to the current and expected future cash flows, on an undiscounted basis, to be generated from such assets. Property and equipment is evaluated separately within each segment. If such analysis indicates that the carrying value of these assets is not recoverable, the carrying value of such assets is reduced to fair value.

In addition to the goodwill assessment mentioned above, as a result of the impacts of COVID-19 we performed an impairment analysis on our property and equipment, inventory, other intangible assets and certain other assets during 2020. There were $10 million of impairments recognized during the first quarter of 2020 related to prepaid development costs and undeveloped land and impairment of the Love Home Swap tradename. In the second quarter, we recorded a $24 million impairment related to the New Jersey lease (see Note 28—Restructuringto the Consolidated Financial Statements included in Item 8 of this Annual Report on Form 10-K for additional details), and a $9 million impairment related to other assets including equity investments, lease assets, and furniture, fixtures and equipment. During the third quarter we recorded $6 million of impairments driven by right-to-use leases and related fixed assets within the Vacation Ownership segment due to closed sales centers. During the fourth quarter we recorded a $1 million impairment driven by right-to-use leases at our corporate segments and another $1 million impairment related to a terminated marketing agreement at the Vacation Ownership segment. These impairments are included within Asset impairments on the Consolidated Statements of (Loss)/Income included in Item 8 of this Annual Report
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on Form 10-K. For additional details on these impairments see Note 27—Impairments and Other Charges to the Consolidated Financial Statements included in Item 8 of this Annual Report on Form 10-K.

Business Combinations. A component of our growth strategy has been to acquire and integrate businesses that complement our existing operations. We account for business combinations in accordance with the guidance for business combinations and related literature. Accordingly, we allocate the purchase price of acquired companies to the tangible and intangible assets acquired and liabilities assumed based upon their estimated fair values at the date of purchase. The difference between the purchase price and the fair value of the net assets acquired is recorded as goodwill.

In determining the fair values of assets acquired and liabilities assumed in a business combination, we use various recognized valuation methods including present value modeling and referenced market values (where available). Further, we make assumptions within certain valuation techniques including discount rates and timing of future cash flows. Valuations are performed by management or independent valuation specialists under management’s supervision, where appropriate. We believe that the estimated fair values assigned to the assets acquired and liabilities assumed are based on reasonable assumptions that marketplace participants would use. However, such assumptions are inherently uncertain and actual results could differ from those estimates.

Guarantees. In the ordinary course of business, we enter into agreements that contain standard guarantees and indemnities whereby we indemnify another party for specified breaches of, or third-party claims relating to, an underlying agreement. Such underlying agreements are typically entered into by one of our subsidiaries. The various underlying agreements generally govern purchases, sales or outsourcing of products or services, leases of real estate, licensing of software and/or development of
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vacation ownership properties, access to credit facilities, derivatives and issuances of debt securities. Also in the ordinary course of business, we provide corporate guarantees for our operating business units relating to merchant credit-card processing for prepaid customer stays and other deposits. While a majority of these guarantees and indemnifications extend only for the duration of the underlying agreement, some survive the expiration of the agreement. We are not able to estimate the maximum potential amount of future payments to be made under these guarantees and indemnifications as the triggering events are not predictable. In certain cases, we maintain insurance coverage that may mitigate any potential payments.

Income TaxesTaxes. . We recognize deferred tax assets and liabilities based on the differences between the financial statement carrying amounts and the tax basis of assets and liabilities using currently enacted tax rates. We recognize the effects of changes in tax laws, or rates, as a component of income taxes from continuing operations within the period that includes the enactment date. We regularly review our deferred tax assets to assess their potential realization and establish a valuation allowance for portions of such assets that we believe will not be ultimately realized. In performing this review, we make estimates and assumptions regarding projected future taxable income, the expected timing of the reversals of existing temporary differences and the implementation of tax planning strategies. A change in these assumptions may increase or decrease our valuation allowance resulting in an increase or decrease in our effective tax rate, which could materially impact our results of operations.

For tax positions we have taken or expect to take in our tax return, we apply a more likely than not threshold, under which we must conclude a tax position is more likely than not to be sustained, assuming that the position will be examined by the appropriate taxing authority that has full knowledge of all relevant information, in order to recognize or continue to recognize the benefit. In determining our provision for income taxes, we use judgment, reflecting our estimates and assumptions, in applying the more likely than not threshold.

Refer to Note 2—Summary of Significant Accounting Policies and Note 9—Income Taxes to the Consolidated Financial Statements included in Item 8 of this Annual Report on Form 10-K for additional detail.

ITEM 7A.    QUANTITATIVE AND QUALITATIVE DISCLOSURES ABOUT MARKET RISK
We use various financial instruments, particularly interest rate caps, to manage and reduce the interest rate risk related to our debt. Foreign currency forwards, spots, and swaps are also used to manage and reduce the foreign currency exchange rate risk associated with our foreign currency denominated receivables and payables, forecasted royalties, forecasted earnings, cash flows of foreign subsidiaries, and other transactions.

We are exclusively an end user of these instruments, which are commonly referred to as derivatives. We do not engage in trading, market making, or other speculative activities in the derivatives markets. More detailed information about these financial instruments is provided in Note 19—Financial Instruments to the Consolidated Financial Statements included in Item 8 of this Annual Report on Form 10-K.Statements. Our principal market exposures are interest rate and foreign currency rate risks.
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Our primary interest rate exposure as of December 31, 2020,2021, was to interest rate fluctuations in the U.S., specifically LIBOR and asset-backed commercial paper interest rates due to their impact on variable rate borrowings and other interest rate sensitive liabilities. In addition, interest rate movements in one country, as well as relative interest rate movements between countries, can impact us. We anticipate that LIBOR and asset-backed commercial paper rates will remain a primary market risk exposure for the foreseeable future.until an appropriate replacement is adopted.
We are currently evaluating the impact of the transition from LIBOR as an interest rate benchmark to other potential alternative reference rates, including but not limited to SOFR. Currently, we have debt and derivative instruments in place that reference LIBOR-based rates. Although certain of these LIBOR based obligations provide for alternative methods of calculating the related interest rate payable (including transition to an alternative benchmark rate) if LIBOR is not reported, uncertainty as to the extent and manner of future changes may result in interest rates and/or payments that are higher than, lower than, or that do not otherwise correlate over time with the interest rates and/or payments that would have been made on our obligations if LIBOR was available in its current form. The transition from LIBOR based benchmark rates is expected to begin January 1, 2022 and be completed when USD LIBOR rates are phased out by June 30, 2023. Management will continue to actively assess the related opportunities and risks involved in this transition. On October 27, 2020, we closed onWe adopted appropriate LIBOR replacement rate transition language into the agreements for the renewal of our USD bank conduit facility (see Note 16—Debt toin 2020 and the Consolidated Financial Statements included in Item 8 of this Annual Report on Form 10-K for additional details) and adopted appropriate LIBOR disclosures for asset-backed securities (“ABS”) financing structures as partrenewal of the renewal. We intendcredit agreement governing the revolving credit facility and term loan B which closed on October 22, 2021. These agreements represented our largest exposure to include such language in our other relevant agreements prior to the end of 2021.LIBOR.
We have foreign currency rate exposure to exchange rate fluctuations worldwide particularly with respect to the euro,Euro, British pound sterling, Australian and Canadian dollars, and Mexican peso. We anticipate that such foreign currency exchange rate risk will remain a market risk exposure for the foreseeable future.

We assess our market risks based on changes in interest and foreign currency exchange rates utilizing a sensitivity analysis that measures the potential impact in earnings, fair values, and cash flows based on a hypothetical 10% change (increase and decrease) in interest and foreign currency exchange rates. We used December 31, 20202021 market rates to perform a sensitivity analysis separately for each of our market risk exposures. The estimates assume instantaneous, parallel shifts in interest rate yield curves and exchange rates. We have determined, through such analyses, that a hypothetical 10% change in the interest
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rates would have resulted in a less than $1 million increase or decrease in annual consumer financing interest expense and total interest expense. We use a current market pricing model to assess the changes in the value of our foreign currency derivatives used to hedge underlying exposure that primarily consist of our non-functional current assets and liabilities and those of our subsidiaries. The primary assumption used in these models is a hypothetical 10% weakening or strengthening of the U.S. dollar against all our currency exposures as of December 31, 2021. As of December 31, 2021, the absolute notional amount of our outstanding foreign exchange hedging instruments was $58 million. We have determined that a hypothetical 10% change in the foreign currency exchange rates would have resulted in an approximate increase or decrease to the fair value of our outstanding forward foreign currency exchange contracts of $6$4 million, which would generally be offset by an opposite effect on the underlying exposure being economically hedged. As such, we believe that a 10% change in interest rates or foreign currency exchange rates would not have a material effect on our prices, earnings, fair values, or cash flows.

Our variable rate borrowings, which include our term loan B, non-recourse conduit facilities, and revolving credit facility, expose us to risks caused by fluctuations in the applicable interest rates. The total outstanding balance of such variable rate borrowings at December 31, 2020,2021 was $341$320 million in non-recourse debt and $838$288 million in corporate debt. A 100 basis point change in the underlying interest rates would result in a $3 million increase or decrease in annual consumer financing interest expense and a $8$3 million increase or decrease in our annual debt interest expense.

The fair values of cash and cash equivalents, trade receivables, accounts payable and accrued expenses and other current liabilities approximate carrying values due to the short-term nature of these assets and liabilities. We use a discounted cash flow model in determining the fair values of VOCRs. The primary assumptions used in determining fair value are prepayment speeds, estimated loss rates, and discount rates. We use a duration-based model in determining the impact of interest rate shifts on our debt and interest rate derivatives. The primary assumption used in these models is that a 10% increase or decrease in the benchmark interest rate produces a parallel shift in the yield curve across all maturities.

We use a current market pricing model to assess the changes in the value of our foreign currency derivatives used to hedge underlying exposure that primarily consist of our non-functional current assets and liabilities and those of our subsidiaries. The primary assumption used in these models is a hypothetical 10% weakening or strengthening of the U.S. dollar against all our currency exposures as of December 31, 2020. The gains and losses on the hedging instruments are largely offset by the gains and losses on the underlying assets, liabilities, or expected cash flows. As of December 31, 2020, the absolute notional amount of our outstanding foreign exchange hedging instruments was $83 million. We have determined through such analyses, that a hypothetical 10% change in foreign currency exchange rates would not generate a material increase or decrease to the fair value of our outstanding forward foreign currency exchange contracts, which would generally be offset by an opposite effect on the underlying exposure being economically hedged.

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Our total market risk is influenced by a wide variety of factors including the volatility present within the markets and the liquidity of the markets. There are certain limitations inherent in the sensitivity analyses presented. While probably the most meaningful analysis, these “shock tests” are constrained by several factors, including the necessity to conduct the analysis based on a single point in time and the inability to include the complex market reactions that normally would arise from the market shifts modeled.

We used December 31, 2020,2021 market rates on outstanding financial instruments to perform the sensitivity analysis separately for each of our market risk exposures —exposures: interest and foreign currency rate instruments. The estimates are based on the market risk sensitive portfolios described in the preceding paragraphs and assume instantaneous, parallel shifts in interest rate yield curves and exchange rates.

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ITEM 8.    FINANCIAL STATEMENTS AND SUPPLEMENTARY DATA
INDEX TO ANNUAL CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
Page
Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm
Consolidated Statements of (Loss)/Income for the years ended December 31, 2020, 2019, and 2018
Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive (Loss)/Income for the years ended December 31, 2020, 2019, and 2018
Consolidated Balance Sheets as of December 31, 2020 and 2019
Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows for the years ended December 31, 2020, 2019, and 2018
Consolidated Statements of Equity/(Deficit) for the years ended December 31, 2020, 2019, and 2018
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
  1. Background and Basis of Presentation
  2. Summary of Significant Accounting Policies
  3. Revenue Recognition
  4. Earnings/(Loss) Per Share
  5. Acquisitions
  6. Discontinued Operations
  7. Held-for-Sale Business
  8. Intangible Assets
  9. Income Taxes
10. Vacation Ownership Contract Receivables
11. Inventory
12. Property and Equipment, net
13. Leases
14. Other Assets
15. Accrued Expenses and Other Liabilities
16. Debt
17. Variable Interest Entities
18. Fair Value
19. Financial Instruments
20. Commitments and Contingencies
21. Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income/(Loss)
22. Stock-Based Compensation
23. Employee Benefit Plans
24. Segment Information
25. Separation and Transaction Costs
26. COVID-19 Related Items
27. Impairments and Other Charges
28. Restructuring
29. Transactions with Former Parent and Former Subsidiaries
30. Selected Quarterly Financial Data - (unaudited)
31. Related Party Transactions
32. Subsequent Events
 Page
— PCAOB ID No.34
  1. Background and Basis of Presentation
  2. Summary of Significant Accounting Policies
  3. Revenue Recognition
  4. Earnings/(Loss) Per Share
  5. Acquisitions
  6. Discontinued Operations
  7. Held-for-Sale Business
  8. Intangible Assets
  9. Income Taxes
10. Vacation Ownership Contract Receivables
11. Inventory
12. Property and Equipment, net
13. Leases
14. Other Assets
15. Accrued Expenses and Other Liabilities
16. Debt
17. Variable Interest Entities
18. Fair Value
19. Financial Instruments
20. Commitments and Contingencies
21. Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income/(Loss)
22. Stock-Based Compensation
23. Employee Benefit Plans
24. Segment Information
25. Separation and Transaction Costs
26. COVID-19 Related Items
27. Impairments and Other Charges
28. Restructuring
29. Transactions with Former Parent and Former Subsidiaries
30. Related Party Transactions

6955

REPORT OF INDEPENDENT REGISTERED PUBLIC ACCOUNTING FIRM

To the Stockholders and the Board of Directors of Travel + Leisure Co.
Orlando, Florida

Opinions on the Financial Statements and Internal Control over Financial Reporting
We have audited the accompanying consolidated balance sheets of Travel + Leisure Co. (formerly Wyndham Destinations, Inc.) and subsidiaries (the "Company") as of December 31, 20202021 and 2019,2020, the related consolidated statements of income/(loss)/income,, comprehensive income/(loss)/income,, cash flows, and equity/(deficit)deficit for each of the three years in the period ended December 31, 2020,2021, and the related notes (collectively referred to as the "financial statements"). We also have audited the Company’s internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2020,2021, based on criteria established in Internal Control — Integrated Framework (2013) issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission (COSO).

In our opinion, the financial statements referred to above present fairly, in all material respects, the financial position of the Company as of December 31, 20202021 and 2019,2020, and the results of its operations and its cash flows for each of the three years in the period ended December 31, 2020,2021, in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America. Also, in our opinion, the Company maintained, in all material respects, effective internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2020,2021, based on criteria established in Internal Control — Integrated Framework (2013) issued by COSO.

Basis for Opinions
The Company’s management is responsible for these financial statements, for maintaining effective internal control over financial reporting, and for its assessment of the effectiveness of internal control over financial reporting, included in the accompanying Management’s Report on Internal Control over Financial Reporting. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on these financial statements and an opinion on the Company’s internal control over financial reporting based on our audits. We are a public accounting firm registered with the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States) (PCAOB) and are required to be independent with respect to the Company in accordance with the U.S. federal securities laws and the applicable rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission and the PCAOB.

We conducted our audits in accordance with the standards of the PCAOB. Those standards require that we plan and perform the audits to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the financial statements are free of material misstatement, whether due to error or fraud, and whether effective internal control over financial reporting was maintained in all material respects.

Our audits of the financial statements included performing procedures to assess the risks of material misstatement of the financial statements, whether due to error or fraud, and performing procedures to respond to those risks. Such procedures included examining, on a test basis, evidence regarding the amounts and disclosures in the financial statements. Our audits also included evaluating the accounting principles used and significant estimates made by management, as well as evaluating the overall presentation of the financial statements. Our audit of internal control over financial reporting included obtaining an understanding of internal control over financial reporting, assessing the risk that a material weakness exists, and testing and evaluating the design and operating effectiveness of internal control based on the assessed risk. Our audits also included performing such other procedures as we considered necessary in the circumstances. We believe that our audits provide a reasonable basis for our opinions.

Definition and Limitations of Internal Control over Financial Reporting
A company’s internal control over financial reporting is a process designed to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles. A company’s internal control over financial reporting includes those policies and procedures that (1) pertain to the maintenance of records that, in reasonable detail, accurately and fairly reflect the transactions and dispositions of the assets of the company; (2) provide reasonable assurance that transactions are recorded as necessary to permit preparation of financial statements in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles, and that receipts and expenditures of the company are being made only in accordance with authorizations of management and directors of the company; and (3) provide reasonable assurance regarding prevention or timely detection of unauthorized acquisition, use, or disposition of the company’s assets that could have a material effect on the financial statements.

Because of its inherent limitations, internal control over financial reporting may not prevent or detect misstatements. Also, projections of any evaluation of effectiveness to future periods are subject to the risk that controls may become inadequate because of changes in conditions, or that the degree of compliance with the policies or procedures may deteriorate.

7056



Critical Audit Matter
The critical audit matter communicated below is a matter arising from the current-period audit of the financial statements that was communicated or required to be communicated to the audit committee and that (1) relates to accounts or disclosures that are material to the financial statements and (2) involved our especially challenging, subjective, or complex judgments. The communication of critical audit matters does not alter in any way our opinion on the financial statements, taken as a whole, and we are not, by communicating the critical audit matter below, providing a separate opinion on the critical audit matter or on the accounts or disclosures to which it relates.

Allowance for Loan Losses - Refer to Notes 2 and 10 in the financial statements
Critical Audit Matter Description
The Company generates vacation ownership contract receivables by extending financing to the purchasers of its vacation ownership interests. The Company assesses the adequacy of the allowance for loan losses related to these vacation ownership interests using a technique referred to as a static pool model. The model is based upon the historical performance of similar vacation ownership contract receivables and incorporates more recent history of default information. Management prepares a static pool analysis to track defaults for each year's sales over the entire life of the contract receivable as a means to project future losses. A further qualitative assessment is also performed by the Company which considers whether any external economic conditions or internal portfolio characteristics exist which indicate an adjustment is necessary to reflect expected impacts on the contract receivable portfolio. Due to the economic disruption resulting from COVID-19 during the first quarter of 2020, the Company estimated an additional loan loss allowance related to the impacts on the owners’ ability to repay their contract receivables. The Company based its COVID-19 loan loss estimate upon historical data on the relationship between unemployment rates and net new defaults observed during the most recent recession in 2008.

Given the level of difficulty required to accurately predict losses over the life of the contract receivables, including the determination of any qualitative adjustments, auditing the allowance for loan losses involved especially complex and subjective judgements.

How the Critical Audit Matter Was Addressed in the Audit
Our audit procedures related to the vacation ownership interest allowance for loan loss included the following, among others:
We tested the effectiveness of controls over the Company’s Static Pool model, COVID-19 loan loss estimate, historical loss data, and the calculation of a loss rate.
We evaluated the qualitative adjustment to the historical loss rates, including assessing the basis for the adjustments and the reasonableness of the significant assumptions for the Static Pool model and COVID-19 loan loss estimate.
We tested the accuracy and evaluated the relevance of the historical loss data as an input to the Static Pool model and COVID-19 loan loss estimate.
We tested the accuracy and evaluated the relevance of the historical and future projected unemployment rate data as an input to the COVID-19 loan loss estimate.
We performed our own independent analyses using alternative assumptions to assess the reasonableness of the specific allowance models used by the Company.
We evaluated the predictability of the Company’s models through analyzing the results of a look-back analysis.
We utilized our credit specialists to evaluate the Static Pool model and COVID-19 loan loss estimate.

/s/ Deloitte & Touche LLP


Tampa, Florida
February 24, 202123, 2022

We have served as the Company's auditor since 2005.



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TRAVEL + LEISURE CO.
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF INCOME/(LOSS)/INCOME
(In millions, except per share amounts)


Year Ended December 31,Year Ended December 31,
202020192018202120202019
Net revenuesNet revenuesNet revenues
Service and membership feesService and membership fees$1,139 $1,606 $1,611 Service and membership fees$1,502 $1,139 $1,606 
Vacation ownership interest salesVacation ownership interest sales505 1,848 1,769 Vacation ownership interest sales1,176 505 1,848 
Consumer financingConsumer financing467 515 491 Consumer financing404 467 515 
OtherOther49 74 60 Other52 49 74 
Net revenuesNet revenues2,160 4,043 3,931 Net revenues3,134 2,160 4,043 
ExpensesExpensesExpenses
OperatingOperating1,130 1,648 1,642 Operating1,359 1,130 1,648 
Cost of vacation ownership interestsCost of vacation ownership interests186 183 Cost of vacation ownership interests157 186 
Consumer financing interestConsumer financing interest101 106 88 Consumer financing interest81 101 106 
General and administrativeGeneral and administrative398 491 513 General and administrative434 398 491 
MarketingMarketing329 666 609 Marketing363 329 666 
Depreciation and amortizationDepreciation and amortization126 121 138 Depreciation and amortization124 126 121 
COVID-19 related costsCOVID-19 related costs88 COVID-19 related costs88 — 
Asset impairments52 27 (4)
Separation and related costsSeparation and related costs— — 45 
RestructuringRestructuring39 16 Restructuring(1)39 
Separation and related costs45 223 
Asset impairments/(recovery)Asset impairments/(recovery)(5)52 27 
Total expensesTotal expenses2,265 3,299 3,408 Total expenses2,516 2,265 3,299 
Gain on sale of businessGain on sale of business(68)Gain on sale of business— — (68)
Operating (loss)/income(105)812 523 
Operating income/(loss)Operating income/(loss)618 (105)812 
Interest expenseInterest expense198 192 162 
Interest (income)Interest (income)(3)(7)(7)
Other (income), netOther (income), net(14)(23)(38)Other (income), net(6)(14)(23)
Interest expense192 162 170 
Income/(loss) before income taxesIncome/(loss) before income taxes429 (276)680 
Provision/(benefit) for income taxesProvision/(benefit) for income taxes116 (23)191 
Net income/(loss) from continuing operationsNet income/(loss) from continuing operations313 (253)489 
Interest (income)(7)(7)(5)
(Loss)/income before income taxes(276)680 396 
(Benefit from)/provision for income taxes(23)191 130 
Net (loss)/income from continuing operations(253)489 266 
Loss from operations of discontinued businesses, net of income taxes(50)
(Loss)/gain on disposal of discontinued business, net of income taxes(Loss)/gain on disposal of discontinued business, net of income taxes(2)18 456 (Loss)/gain on disposal of discontinued business, net of income taxes(5)(2)18 
Net (loss)/income attributable to Travel + Leisure shareholders$(255)$507 $672 
Net income/(loss) attributable to Travel + Leisure Co. shareholdersNet income/(loss) attributable to Travel + Leisure Co. shareholders$308 $(255)$507 
Basic earnings/(loss) per shareBasic earnings/(loss) per shareBasic earnings/(loss) per share
Continuing operationsContinuing operations$(2.95)$5.31 $2.69 Continuing operations$3.62 $(2.95)$5.31 
Discontinued operationsDiscontinued operations(0.02)0.19 4.11 Discontinued operations(0.06)(0.02)0.19 
$(2.97)$5.50 $6.80 $3.56 $(2.97)$5.50 
Diluted earnings/(loss) per shareDiluted earnings/(loss) per shareDiluted earnings/(loss) per share
Continuing operationsContinuing operations$(2.95)$5.29 $2.68 Continuing operations$3.58 $(2.95)$5.29 
Discontinued operationsDiscontinued operations(0.02)0.19 4.09 Discontinued operations(0.06)(0.02)0.19 
$(2.97)$5.48 $6.77 $3.52 $(2.97)$5.48 

See Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements.

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CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF COMPREHENSIVE INCOME/(LOSS)/INCOME
(In millions)


Year Ended December 31,
202020192018
Net (loss)/income attributable to Travel + Leisure shareholders$(255)$507 $672 
Other comprehensive income/(loss), net of tax
Foreign currency translation adjustments, net of tax37 (38)
Defined benefit pension plans, net of tax(1)
Other comprehensive income/(loss), net of tax36 (33)
Comprehensive (loss)/income attributable to Travel + Leisure shareholders$(219)$507 $639 
Year Ended December 31,
202120202019
Net income/(loss) attributable to Travel + Leisure Co. shareholders$308 $(255)$507 
Other comprehensive (loss)/income, net of tax
Foreign currency translation adjustments, net of tax(32)37 — 
Defined benefit pension plans, net of tax— (1)— 
Other comprehensive (loss)/income, net of tax(32)36 — 
Comprehensive income/(loss) attributable to Travel + Leisure Co. shareholders$276 $(219)$507 

See Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements.

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TRAVEL + LEISURE CO.
CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS
(In millions, except share data)


December 31,
2020
December 31,
2019
December 31,
2021
December 31,
2020
AssetsAssetsAssets
Cash and cash equivalentsCash and cash equivalents$1,196 $355 Cash and cash equivalents$369 $1,196 
Restricted cash (VIE - $92 as of 2020 and $110 as of 2019)121 147 
Restricted cash (VIE - $84 as of 2021 and $92 as of 2020)Restricted cash (VIE - $84 as of 2021 and $92 as of 2020)128 121 
Trade receivables, netTrade receivables, net115 144 Trade receivables, net131 115 
Vacation ownership contract receivables, net (VIE - $2,458 as of 2020 and $2,984 as of 2019)2,482 3,120 
Vacation ownership contract receivables, net (VIE - $2,061 as of 2021 and $2,458 as of 2020)Vacation ownership contract receivables, net (VIE - $2,061 as of 2021 and $2,458 as of 2020)2,309 2,482 
InventoryInventory1,347 1,199 Inventory1,216 1,347 
Prepaid expensesPrepaid expenses204 221 Prepaid expenses227 204 
Property and equipment, netProperty and equipment, net666 680 Property and equipment, net689 666 
GoodwillGoodwill964 970 Goodwill961 964 
Other intangibles, netOther intangibles, net131 143 Other intangibles, net219 131 
Other assetsOther assets387 474 Other assets339 387 
Total assetsTotal assets$7,613 $7,453 Total assets$6,588 $7,613 
Liabilities and (deficit)Liabilities and (deficit)Liabilities and (deficit)
Accounts payableAccounts payable$62 $73 Accounts payable$62 $62 
Accrued expenses and other liabilitiesAccrued expenses and other liabilities929 973 Accrued expenses and other liabilities939 929 
Deferred incomeDeferred income447 541 Deferred income382 447 
Non-recourse vacation ownership debt (VIE)Non-recourse vacation ownership debt (VIE)2,234 2,541 Non-recourse vacation ownership debt (VIE)1,934 2,234 
DebtDebt4,184 3,034 Debt3,379 4,184 
Deferred income taxesDeferred income taxes725 815 Deferred income taxes686 725 
Total liabilitiesTotal liabilities8,581 7,977 Total liabilities7,382 8,581 
Commitments and contingencies (Note 20)Commitments and contingencies (Note 20)00Commitments and contingencies (Note 20)00
Stockholders' (deficit):Stockholders' (deficit):Stockholders' (deficit):
Preferred stock, $.01 par value, authorized 6,000,000 shares, none issued and outstandingPreferred stock, $.01 par value, authorized 6,000,000 shares, none issued and outstandingPreferred stock, $.01 par value, authorized 6,000,000 shares, none issued and outstanding— — 
Common stock, $.01 par value, 600,000,000 shares authorized, 221,755,960 issued as of 2020 and 220,863,070 as of 2019
Treasury stock, at cost – 135,824,676 shares as of 2020 and 132,759,876 shares as of 2019(6,508)(6,383)
Common stock, $.01 par value, 600,000,000 shares authorized, 222,250,970 issued as of 2021 and 221,755,960 as of 2020Common stock, $.01 par value, 600,000,000 shares authorized, 222,250,970 issued as of 2021 and 221,755,960 as of 2020
Treasury stock, at cost – 136,320,631 shares as of 2021 and 135,824,676 shares as of 2020Treasury stock, at cost – 136,320,631 shares as of 2021 and 135,824,676 shares as of 2020(6,534)(6,508)
Additional paid-in capitalAdditional paid-in capital4,157 4,118 Additional paid-in capital4,192 4,157 
Retained earningsRetained earnings1,390 1,785 Retained earnings1,587 1,390 
Accumulated other comprehensive lossAccumulated other comprehensive loss(16)(52)Accumulated other comprehensive loss(48)(16)
Total stockholders’ (deficit)Total stockholders’ (deficit)(975)(530)Total stockholders’ (deficit)(801)(975)
Noncontrolling interestNoncontrolling interestNoncontrolling interest
Total (deficit)Total (deficit)(968)(524)Total (deficit)(794)(968)
Total liabilities and (deficit)Total liabilities and (deficit)$7,613 $7,453 Total liabilities and (deficit)$6,588 $7,613 

See Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements.

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TRAVEL + LEISURE CO.
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS
(In millions)

Year Ended December 31,Year Ended December 31,
202020192018202120202019
Operating activitiesOperating activitiesOperating activities
Net (loss)/income$(255)$507 $672 
Loss from operations of discontinued businesses, net of income taxes50 
Net income/(loss)Net income/(loss)$308 $(255)$507 
Loss/(gain) on disposal of discontinued business, net of income taxesLoss/(gain) on disposal of discontinued business, net of income taxes(18)(456)Loss/(gain) on disposal of discontinued business, net of income taxes(18)
Adjustments to reconcile net (loss)/income to net cash provided by operating activities:
Adjustments to reconcile net income/(loss) to net cash provided by operating activities:Adjustments to reconcile net income/(loss) to net cash provided by operating activities:
Provision for loan lossesProvision for loan losses129 415 479 
Depreciation and amortizationDepreciation and amortization126 121 138 Depreciation and amortization124 126 121 
Provision for loan losses415 479 456 
Deferred income taxes(88)79 122 
Stock-based compensationStock-based compensation20 24 129 Stock-based compensation32 20 24 
Non-cash interestNon-cash interest22 23 21 
Asset impairments52 36 
Non-cash lease expenseNon-cash lease expense17 23 31 
Gain on sale of businessGain on sale of business(68)Gain on sale of business— — (68)
Non-cash lease expense23 31 
Non-cash interest23 21 20 
Asset impairments/(recovery)Asset impairments/(recovery)(5)52 36 
Deferred income taxesDeferred income taxes(39)(88)79 
Other, netOther, net(9)
Net change in assets and liabilities, excluding impact of acquisitions and dispositions:Net change in assets and liabilities, excluding impact of acquisitions and dispositions:Net change in assets and liabilities, excluding impact of acquisitions and dispositions:
Trade receivablesTrade receivables30 (15)(27)Trade receivables(15)30 (15)
Vacation ownership contract receivablesVacation ownership contract receivables237 (562)(615)Vacation ownership contract receivables35 237 (562)
InventoryInventory(119)13 (27)Inventory(6)(119)13 
Prepaid expensesPrepaid expenses15 (64)(26)Prepaid expenses(24)15 (64)
Other assetsOther assets23 (17)Other assets32 23 
Accounts payable, accrued expenses, and other liabilitiesAccounts payable, accrued expenses, and other liabilities24 (21)(151)
Deferred incomeDeferred income(100)10 Deferred income(72)(100)10 
Accounts payable, accrued expenses, and other liabilities(21)(151)(146)
Other, net(9)
Net cash provided by operating activities - continuing operationsNet cash provided by operating activities - continuing operations374 453 292 Net cash provided by operating activities - continuing operations568 374 453 
Net cash (used in)/provided by operating activities - discontinued operations(1)150 
Net cash used in operating activities - discontinued operationsNet cash used in operating activities - discontinued operations— — (1)
Net cash provided by operating activitiesNet cash provided by operating activities374 452 442 Net cash provided by operating activities568 374 452 
Investing activitiesInvesting activitiesInvesting activities
Property and equipment additionsProperty and equipment additions(69)(108)(99)Property and equipment additions(57)(69)(108)
Acquisition of business, net of cash acquired(51)(5)
AcquisitionsAcquisitions(37)— (51)
Proceeds from asset salesProceeds from asset sales12 Proceeds from asset sales— — 
Proceeds from sale of business, netProceeds from sale of business, net106 Proceeds from sale of business, net— — 106 
Other, netOther, net(8)Other, net
Net cash used in investing activities - continuing operationsNet cash used in investing activities - continuing operations(60)(44)(99)Net cash used in investing activities - continuing operations(93)(60)(44)
Net cash used in investing activities - discontinued operationsNet cash used in investing activities - discontinued operations(5)(22)(626)Net cash used in investing activities - discontinued operations— (5)(22)
Net cash used in investing activitiesNet cash used in investing activities(65)(66)(725)Net cash used in investing activities(93)(65)(66)
Financing activitiesFinancing activitiesFinancing activities
Proceeds from non-recourse vacation ownership debtProceeds from non-recourse vacation ownership debt1,563 2,253 2,977 Proceeds from non-recourse vacation ownership debt1,419 1,563 2,253 
Principal payments on non-recourse vacation ownership debtPrincipal payments on non-recourse vacation ownership debt(1,896)(2,068)(2,713)Principal payments on non-recourse vacation ownership debt(1,713)(1,896)(2,068)
Proceeds from debtProceeds from debt1,062 2,677 3,203 Proceeds from debt10 1,062 2,677 
Principal payments on debtPrincipal payments on debt(519)(2,892)(3,520)Principal payments on debt(562)(519)(2,892)
Repayments of commercial paper, net(147)
Proceeds from notes issued and term loanProceeds from notes issued and term loan643 346 300 Proceeds from notes issued and term loan643 643 346 
Repayment of notesRepayment of notes(43)(3)(790)Repayment of notes(903)(43)(3)
Repayments of vacation ownership inventory arrangementRepayments of vacation ownership inventory arrangement(16)(12)(12)Repayments of vacation ownership inventory arrangement— (16)(12)
Dividends to shareholdersDividends to shareholders(138)(166)(194)Dividends to shareholders(109)(138)(166)
Payment of deferred acquisition considerationPayment of deferred acquisition consideration(30)(11)— 
Repurchase of common stockRepurchase of common stock(25)(128)(340)
Debt issuance/modification costsDebt issuance/modification costs(20)(20)(22)
Net share settlement of incentive equity awardsNet share settlement of incentive equity awards(9)(2)(4)
Cash transferred to Wyndham Hotels related to Spin-offCash transferred to Wyndham Hotels related to Spin-off(69)(476)Cash transferred to Wyndham Hotels related to Spin-off— — (69)
Proceeds from issuance of common stockProceeds from issuance of common stock11 Proceeds from issuance of common stock11 11 
Repurchase of common stock(128)(340)(330)
Debt issuance/modification costs(20)(22)(20)
Payment of deferred acquisition consideration(11)
Net share settlement of incentive equity awards(2)(4)(60)
Other, net(4)
Net cash provided by/(used in) financing activities - continuing operations502 (289)(1,786)
Net cash provided by financing activities - discontinued operations2,066 
Net cash provided/(used in) by financing activities502 (289)280 
Net cash (used in)/provided by financing activitiesNet cash (used in)/provided by financing activities(1,288)502 (289)
Effect of changes in exchange rates on cash, cash equivalents and restricted cashEffect of changes in exchange rates on cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash(9)Effect of changes in exchange rates on cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash(7)
Net change in cash, cash equivalents and restricted cashNet change in cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash815 98 (12)Net change in cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash(820)815 98 
Cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash, beginning of periodCash, cash equivalents and restricted cash, beginning of period502 404 416 Cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash, beginning of period1,317 502 404 
Cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash, end of periodCash, cash equivalents and restricted cash, end of period1,317 502 404 Cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash, end of period497 1,317 502 
Less: Restricted cashLess: Restricted cash121 147 155 Less: Restricted cash128 121 147 
Less: Cash and cash equivalents and restricted cash included in assets of discontinued operations and held-for-sale business31 
Cash and cash equivalentsCash and cash equivalents$1,196 $355 $218 Cash and cash equivalents$369 $1,196 $355 

See Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements.

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CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF EQUITY/(DEFICIT)DEFICIT
(In millions, except per share amounts)


Common Shares OutstandingCommon StockTreasury StockAdditional Paid-in CapitalRetained EarningsAccumulated Other Comprehensive (Loss)/IncomeNon-controlling InterestTotal Equity/(Deficit)Common Shares OutstandingCommon StockTreasury StockAdditional Paid-in CapitalRetained EarningsAccumulated Other Comprehensive LossNon-controlling InterestTotal Deficit
Balance as of December 31, 2017100 $2 $(5,719)$3,996 $2,501 $(11)$5 $774 
Beginning balance adjustment due to change in accounting principle— — — — (9)(8)— (17)
Balance as of December 31, 2018Balance as of December 31, 201895.0 $2 $(6,043)$4,077 $1,442 $(52)$5 $(569)
Net incomeNet income— — — — 672 — — 672 Net income— — — — 507 — — 507 
Other comprehensive loss— — — — — (33)— (33)
Issuance of shares for RSU vestingIssuance of shares for RSU vesting— — — — — — — Issuance of shares for RSU vesting0.3 — — — — — — — 
Net share settlement of stock-based compensationNet share settlement of stock-based compensation— — — (60)— — — (60)Net share settlement of stock-based compensation— — — (4)— — — (4)
Change in stock-based compensation— — — 150 — — — 150 
Change in stock-based compensation and impact of equity restructuring for Board of Directors— — — (9)— — — (9)
Repurchase of common stock(6)— (324)— — — — (324)
Dividends ($1.89 per share) (a)
— — — — (191)— — (191)
Distribution for separation of Wyndham Hotels and adjustments related to discontinued business— — — — (1,531)— — (1,531)
Balance as of December 31, 201895 2 (6,043)4,077 1,442 (52)5 (569)
Net income— — — — 507 — — 507 
Issuance of shares for RSU vesting— — — — — — — 
Net share settlement of stock-based compensation— — — (4)— — — (4)
Employee stock purchase program issuances— — — 11 — — — 11 
Employee stock purchase programEmployee stock purchase program0.2 — — 11 — — — 11 
Change in stock-based compensationChange in stock-based compensation— — — 24 — — — 24 Change in stock-based compensation— — — 24 — — — 24 
Repurchase of common stockRepurchase of common stock(8)— (340)— — — — (340)Repurchase of common stock(7.6)— (340)— — — — (340)
Dividends ($1.80 per share)Dividends ($1.80 per share)— — — — (167)— — (167)Dividends ($1.80 per share)— — — — (167)— — (167)
Distribution for separation of Wyndham Hotels and adjustments related to discontinued businessDistribution for separation of Wyndham Hotels and adjustments related to discontinued business— — — — — — Distribution for separation of Wyndham Hotels and adjustments related to discontinued business— — — — — — 
Acquisition of a businessAcquisition of a business— — — 10 — — — 10 Acquisition of a business0.2 — — 10 — — — 10 
Non-controlling interest ownership changeNon-controlling interest ownership change— — — — — — Non-controlling interest ownership change— — — — — — 
Balance as of December 31, 2019Balance as of December 31, 201988 2 (6,383)4,118 1,785 (52)6 (524)Balance as of December 31, 201988.1 2 (6,383)4,118 1,785 (52)6 (524)
Net lossNet loss— — — — (255)— — (255)Net loss— — — — (255)— — (255)
Other comprehensive incomeOther comprehensive income— — — — — 36 — 36 Other comprehensive income— — — — — 36 — 36 
Issuance of shares for RSU vestingIssuance of shares for RSU vesting— — — — — — — Issuance of shares for RSU vesting0.2 — — — — — — — 
Net share settlement of stock-based compensationNet share settlement of stock-based compensation— — — (2)— — — (2)Net share settlement of stock-based compensation— — — (2)— — — (2)
Employee stock purchase program issuancesEmployee stock purchase program issuances— — — — — — Employee stock purchase program issuances0.2 — — — — — 
Change in stock-based compensationChange in stock-based compensation— — — 20 — — — 20 Change in stock-based compensation— — — 20 — — — 20 
Repurchase of common stockRepurchase of common stock(3)— (125)— — — — (125)Repurchase of common stock(3.1)— (125)— — — — (125)
Dividends ($1.60 per share)Dividends ($1.60 per share)— — — — (140)— — (140)Dividends ($1.60 per share)— — — — (140)— — (140)
Acquisition of a businessAcquisition of a business— — — 14 — — — 14 Acquisition of a business0.5 — — 14 — — — 14 
Non-controlling interest ownership changeNon-controlling interest ownership change— — — — — — Non-controlling interest ownership change— — — — — — 
Balance as of December 31, 2020Balance as of December 31, 202085.9 2 (6,508)4,157 1,390 (16)7 (968)
Net incomeNet income— — — — 308 — — 308 
Other comprehensive lossOther comprehensive loss— — — — — (32)— (32)
Stock option exercisesStock option exercises0.1 — — — — — 
Issuance of shares for RSU vestingIssuance of shares for RSU vesting0.3 — — — — — — — 
Net share settlement of stock-based compensationNet share settlement of stock-based compensation— — — (9)— — — (9)
Employee stock purchase program issuancesEmployee stock purchase program issuances0.1 — — — — — 
Change in stock-based compensationChange in stock-based compensation— — — 32 — — — 32 
Repurchase of common stockRepurchase of common stock(0.5)— (26)— — — — (26)
Dividends ($1.25 per share)Dividends ($1.25 per share)— — — — (111)— — (111)
Balance as of December 31, 202086 $2 $(6,508)$4,157 $1,390 $(16)$7 $(968)
Balance as of December 31, 2021Balance as of December 31, 202185.9 $2 $(6,534)$4,192 $1,587 $(48)$7 $(794)

(a)Includes dividends declared by Wyndham Worldwide Corporation during the first quarter of 2018, prior to the spin-off of Wyndham Hotels & Resorts, Inc. and subsequent dividends declared by Travel + Leisure Co. (formerly, Wyndham Destinations, Inc.).

See Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements.

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NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(Unless otherwise noted, all amounts are in millions, except per share amounts)

1.    Background and Basis of Presentation
Background
On January 5, 2021, Wyndham Destinations, Inc. acquired the Travel + Leisure brand and all related assets from Meredith Corporation (“Meredith”).Corporation. The aggregate purchase price was $100 million, of which $55 million was paid during 2021. The remaining payments are to be completed by June 2024. In connection with this acquisition, Wyndham Destinations, Inc. changed its name to Travel + Leisure Co. and changed its ticker symbol to TNL on February 17, 2021.

The newly named Travel + Leisure Co. and its subsidiaries (collectively, “Travel + Leisure Co.,” or the “Company,” formerly Wyndham Destinations, Inc.) is a global provider of hospitality services and travel products. The Company operates inhas 2 reportable segments: Vacation Ownership (formerly Wyndham Vacation Clubs) and Travel and Membership (formerly Vacation Exchange or Panorama).Membership. In connection with the Travel + Leisure brand acquisition the Company elected to updateupdated the names and composition of its segment namesreportable segments to better align with how the segments will be referred to internally and externally.are managed.

The Vacation Ownership segment develops, markets, and sells vacation ownership interests (“VOIs”) to individual consumers, provides consumer financing in connection with the sale of VOIs, and provides property management services at resorts. This segment is wholly comprised of the Wyndham Destinations business line. The following brands operate under the Wyndham Destinations business line: Club Wyndham, WorldMark by Wyndham, Shell Vacations Club, Margaritaville Vacation Club by Wyndham, and Presidential Reserve by Wyndham.

The Travel and Membership segment operates a variety of travel businesses, including three3 vacation exchange brands, a home exchange network, travel technology platforms, travel memberships, and direct-to-consumer rentals. This segment is comprised of the Panorama and the Travel + Leisure Group business lines. With the formation of the Travel + Leisure Group, the Company decided that the operations of its Extra Holidays business, which focuses on direct-to-consumer bookings, better aligns with the operations of this new business line and therefore transitioned the management of the Extra Holidays business to the Travel and Membership segment. As such, the Company reclassified the results of its Extra Holidays business, which was previously reported within the Vacation Ownership segment, into the Travel and Membership segment. Prior period segment information has been restated to reflect this change. The following brands operate under the Panorama business line: RCI, Panorama Travel Solutions, Alliance Reservations Network (“ARN”), 7Across, The Registry Collection, and Love Home Swap. The Travel + Leisure Group operates Travel + Leisure GO, Travel + Leisure Travel Clubs, and the Extra Holidays brands.

Impact of COVID-19
The results of operations for 2021 and 2020 include impacts related to the novel coronavirus global pandemic (“COVID-19”), which have been significantly negative for the travel industry, the Company, its customers, and employees. The Company’sIn response to COVID-19, initially focused on the health and safety of its owners, members, guests, and employees, when itVacation Ownership segment temporarily closed the majority of its resorts in mid-March 2020 across the globe and suspended its sales centers.and marketing operations. In the Travel and Membership segment, affiliate resort closures and regional travel restrictions contributed to decreased bookings and increased cancellations. As a result, the Company significantly reduced its workforce and furloughed thousands of employees.associates in the second quarter of 2020. As of December 31, 2020,2021, the Company has reopened 81% of its resorts (92% asall of the date of this filing)resorts and reopened 86% of its sales offices (92% asin North America that it expects to reopen. The remaining closed resorts and sales offices that the Company intends to reopen are located in the South Pacific and are expected to reopen in 2022, contingent upon the lifting of government imposed travel restrictions. As a result of these reopenings the date of this filing). Throughout 2020, manymajority of the Company’s furloughed employees have returned to work as locations reopened; however, the Company exited the year with approximately 5,300 employees either laid off or furloughed. The Company’s reopening plans were negatively impacted in the fourth quarter of 2020 by government shutdowns in California and Hawaii, which required temporarily closing resorts previously reopened. The Company estimates that the remaining suspended operations will resume in early 2021.work.

Given these significant events, the Company’s revenues were negatively impacted and $385 million of charges related to COVID-19 were incurred during the year ended December 31, 2020, which are discussed in further detail in Note 26—COVID-19 Related Items.

The Company was also keenly focused on preserving cash, cutting costs, and managing liquidity. As a precautionary measure to enhance liquidity, in the first quarter of 2020 the Company drew down its $1.0 billion revolving credit facility atand suspended its share repurchase activity, and in the end of the firstthird quarter of 2020 and subsequently issued new $650 million senior secured notes, with a portion of these proceeds used to pay down borrowings under its revolving credit facility. The Company also amended the credit agreement forgoverning its revolving credit facility and term loan B which(“First Amendment”). The First Amendment provided flexibility during the relief period spanning from July 15, 2020 through April 1, 2022.2022, or upon earlier termination by the Company (“Relief Period”). The Company has since repaid its $1.0 billion revolving credit facility. During the fourth quarter of 2021, the Company renewed the credit agreement governing its $1.0 billion revolving credit facility and term loan B (“Second Amendment”). The Second Amendment updated the terms and maturity date of the revolving credit facility, extending the maturity date to October 2026. In addition, the Second Amendment terminated the Relief Period and restrictions regarding share repurchases, dividends, and acquisitions established by the First Amendment. See Note 16—Debt for additional details. Additionally,
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Given the significant COVID-19 related events, the Company’s revenues were negatively impacted and while revenues are continuing to recover, not all product and service lines have yet reached pre-pandemic levels. The Company reversed $61 million of COVID-19 charges for the year ended December 31, 2021, compared to $385 million of charges incurred in 2020. The $385 million of charges incurred for the year ended December 31, 2020 included a $205 million COVID-19 related loan loss provision recorded as a result of the Company’s evaluation of the impact of COVID-19 on its owners’ ability to repay their vacation ownership contract receivables (“VOCRs”). The $61 million of net reversals in 2021 included the release of $91 million of the COVID-19 related allowance for loan losses, as the Company suspended share repurchase activity since March 2020.has continued to experience improvements in net new defaults. Refer to Note 26—COVID-19 Related Items for additional details.

On April 29, 2020, the Company successfully closed on a $325 million private securitization financing. While this transaction was at a higher cost compared to transactions the Company has completed in the past, it was favorable to similar transactions completed in the public market at that time. The Company also closed on a $575 million securitization financing on August 13, 2020, at a similar cost compared to transactions it has completed in the past. These transactions positively impacted the Company’s liquidity and reinforced its expectation to maintain adequate liquidity for the near future.

Alliance Reservations Network Acquisition
On August 7, 2019, the Company acquired Alliance Reservations Network (“ARN”) for $102 million ($97 million net of cash acquired). ARN provides private-label travel booking technology solutions. This acquisition was undertaken for the purpose of accelerating growth at Travel and Membership by increasing the offerings available to its members and affiliates. The Company has recognized the assets and liabilities of ARN based on estimates of their acquisition date fair values, including the impacts of certain post-closing adjustments. ARN is reported within the Travel and Membership segment. See Note 5—Acquisitions for additional details.
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During 2018, the Company completed the sale of its European vacation rentals business and completed the spin-off of its hotel business (“Spin-off”) into a separate publicly traded company, Wyndham Hotels & Resorts, Inc. (“Wyndham Hotels”). This transaction was effected through a pro rata distribution of the new hotel entity’s stock to Travel + Leisure shareholders. In connection with the Spin-off, the Company entered into certain agreements with Wyndham Hotels to implement the legal and structural separation, govern the relationship between the Company and Wyndham Hotels up to and after the completion of the separation, and allocate various assets, liabilities, and obligations, including, among other things, employee benefits, intellectual property, and tax-related assets and liabilities between the Company and Wyndham Hotels. The two public companies have entered into long-term exclusive license agreements to retain their affiliations with one of the industry’s top-rated loyalty programs, Wyndham Rewards, as well as to continue to collaborate on inventory-sharing and customer cross-sell initiatives.

For all relevant periods presented, the Company has classified the results of operations for its hotel business and its European vacation rentals business as discontinued operations. See Note 6—Discontinued Operations for further details.

Also during 2018, the Company decided to explore strategic alternatives for its North American vacation rentals business and on October 22, 2019, completed the sale of this business for $162 million. The assets and liabilities of this business were classified as held-for-sale as of December 31, 2018. This business did not meet the criteria to be classified as a discontinued operation; therefore, the results of operations are reflected within continuing operations on the Consolidated Statements of (Loss)/Income through the date of sale. See Note 7—Held-for-Sale Business for further details.

Basis of Presentation
The accompanying Consolidated Financial Statements in this Annual Report on Form 10-K include the accounts and transactions of Travel + Leisure Co., as well as the entities in which Travel + Leisure Co. directly or indirectly has a controlling financial interest. The accompanying Consolidated Financial Statements have been prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the U.S. All intercompany balances and transactions have been eliminated in the Consolidated Financial Statements. In addition, certain prior period amountssegment results have been reclassifiedrestated to comply with newly adopted accounting standards.reflect the aforementioned reclassification of the Extra Holidays business into the Travel and Membership segment.

The Company presents an unclassified balance sheet which conforms to that of the Company’s peers and industry practice.

In presenting the Consolidated Financial Statements, management makes estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets, liabilities, revenues and expenses, and related disclosures. Estimates, by their nature, are based on judgment and available information. Accordingly, actual results could differ from those estimates and assumptions. In management’s opinion, the Consolidated Financial Statements contain all normal recurring adjustments necessary for a fair presentation of annual results reported.

2.    Summary of Significant Accounting Policies
PRINCIPLES OF CONSOLIDATION
When evaluating an entity for consolidation, the Company first determines whether an entity is a variable interest entity (“VIE”). If the entity is deemed to be a VIE, the Company determines whether it would be the entity’s primary beneficiary and consolidates those VIEs for which the Company would beis the primary beneficiary. The Company will also consolidate an entity not deemed a VIE upon determination that the Company has a controlling financial interest. For entities where the Company does not have a controlling financial interest, the investments in such entities are accounted for using the equity or cost method, as appropriate.

REVENUE RECOGNITION
In 2018, the Company adopted the Revenue from Contracts with Customers guidance utilizing the full retrospective transition method. Refer to Note 3—Revenue Recognition for full details of the Company’s revenue recognition policies.

CASH AND CASH EQUIVALENTS
The Company considers highly-liquid investments purchased with an original maturity of three months or less to be cash equivalents.

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RESTRICTED CASH
The largest portion of the Company’s restricted cash relates to securitizations. The remaining portion is comprised of cash held in escrow accounts.

Securitizations. In accordance with the contractual requirements of the Company’s various vacation ownership contract receivable (“VOCR”)VOCR securitizations, a dedicated lockbox account, subject to a blocked control agreement, is established for each securitization. At each month end, the total cash in the collection account from the previous month is analyzed and a monthly servicer report is prepared by the Company, whichCompany. This report details how much cash should be remitted to the note holders for principal and interest
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payments, and any cash remaining is transferred by the trustee back to the Company. Additionally, as required by various securitizations, the Company holds an agreed-upon percentage of the aggregate outstanding principal balances of the VOI contract receivables collateralizing the asset-backed notes in a segregated trust account as credit enhancement. Each time a securitization closes and the Company receives cash from the note holders, a portion of the cash is deposited in the trust account. As of December 31, 20202021 and 2019,2020, restricted cash for securitizations totaled $92$84 million and $110$92 million.

Escrow Deposits. Laws in most U.S. states require the escrow of down payments on VOI sales, with the typical requirement mandating that the funds be held in escrow until the rescission period expires. As sales transactions are consummated, down payments are collected and are subsequently placed in escrow until the rescission period has expired. Rescission periods vary by state, but range on average from five to seven calendar days. In certain states, the escrow laws require that 100% of VOI purchaser funds (excluding interest payments, if any) be held in escrow until the deeding process is complete. Where possible, the Company utilizes surety bonds in lieu of escrow deposits. Similarly, laws in certain U.S. states require the escrow of advance deposits received from guests for vacations paid and not yet traveled through the Company’s vacation exchange business.Travel and Membership businesses. Such amounts are required to be held in escrow until the legal restriction expires, which varies from state to state. Escrow deposits were $29$44 million and $37$29 million as of December 31, 20202021 and 2019.2020.

RECEIVABLE VALUATION
Trade receivables
The Company provides for estimated bad debts based on its assessment of the ultimate ability to realize receivables, considering historical collection experience, the economic environment, and specific customer information. When the Company determines that an account is not collectible, the account is written-off to the allowance for doubtful accounts.
The following table illustrates the Company’s allowance for doubtful accounts activity from continuing operations for the yearyears ended December 31 (in millions):
202020192018
Beginning balance$154 $104 $78 
Bad debt expense125 100 75 
Write-offs(58)(51)(49)
Translation and other adjustments
Ending balance$221 $154 $104 
202120202019
Beginning balance$221 $154 $104 
Bad debt expense127 125 100 
Write-offs(149)(58)(51)
Translation and other adjustments— — 
Ending balance$199 $221 $154 

Vacation ownership contract receivables
In the Vacation Ownership segment, the Company provides for estimated VOCR defaults at the time of VOI sales by recording a provision for loan losses as a reduction of Vacation ownership interest sales on the Consolidated Statements of Income/(Loss)/Income.. The Company assesses the adequacy of the allowance for loan losses related to these VOIs using a technique referred to as a static pool analysis. This analysis is based upon the historical performance of similar VOCRs and incorporates more recent history of default information. Management prepares a model to track defaults for each year'syear’s sales over the entire life of the contract receivable as a means to project future expected losses. A qualitative assessment is also performed to determine whether any external economic conditions or internal portfolio characteristics indicate an adjustment is necessary to reflect expected impacts on the contract receivables portfolio. If current or expected future conditions differ from the conditions in effect when the historical experience was generated, the Company adjusts the allowance for loan losses to reflect the expected effects of the current environment on the collectability of VOCR.VOCRs. Due to the economic disruption resulting from COVID-19, the Company estimated an additional loan loss allowance related to the impacts on its owners’ ability to repay their contract receivables. The Company based its COVID-19 loan loss estimate upon historical dataFor additional details on the relationship between unemployment ratesCompany’s vacation ownership contract receivables, including information on the related allowances and net new defaults observed during the most recent recession in 2008.

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INVENTORY
Inventory primarily consists of completed VOIs, VOIs under construction, land held for future VOI development, vacation exchange credits, and real estate interests sold subject to conditional repurchase. The Company applies the relative sales value method for relieving VOI inventory and recording the related cost of sales. Under the relative sales value method, cost of sales is recorded using a percentage ratio of total estimated development cost to total estimatedand VOI revenue, including estimated future revenue, and incorporating factors such as changes in prices and the recovery of VOIs, generally as a result of contract receivable defaults. The effect of such changes in estimates under the relative sales value method is accounted for in each period usingas a current-period adjustment to inventory and cost of sales. Inventory is stated at the lower of cost, including

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capitalized interest, property taxes, and certain other carrying costs incurred during the construction process, or estimated fair value less costs to sell. There was no capitalized interest applied to inventory in 2021. Capitalized interest related to inventory was less than $1 million induring 2020 and $1 million in both 2019 and 2018.during 2019.

PROPERTY AND EQUIPMENT
Property and equipment (including leasehold improvements) are recorded at cost, and presented net of accumulated depreciation and amortization. Depreciation, recorded as a component of Depreciation and amortization on the Consolidated Statements of Income/(Loss)/Income,, is computed utilizing the straight-line method over the lesser of the lease terms or estimated useful lives of the related assets. Amortization of leasehold improvements, also recorded as a component of Depreciation and amortization, is computed utilizing the straight-line method over the lesser of the estimated benefit period of the related assets or the lease terms. Useful lives are generally 30 years for buildings, up to 20 years for leasehold improvements, up to 30 years for vacation rental properties, and range from three to seven years for furniture, fixtures and equipment.

The Company capitalizes the costs of software developed for internal use in accordance with the guidance for accounting for costs of computer software developed or obtained forfor internal use. Capitalization of software costs developed for internal use commences during the development phase of the project.project. The Company amortizes software developed or obtained for internal use on a straight-line basis over its estimated useful life, which is generally three to five years, with the exception of certain enterprise resource planning, reservation, and inventory management software, which is generally up to 10 years. Such amortization commences when the software is substantially ready for its intended use.

The net carrying value of software developed or obtained for internal use was $191$156 million and $193$191 million as of December 31, 20202021 and 2019.2020. Capitalized interest was less than $1 million, $1 million, and $2 million during 2021, 2020, and $1 million during 2020, 2019, and 2018.2019.

DERIVATIVE INSTRUMENTS
The Company uses derivative instruments as part of its overall strategy to manage its exposure to market risks primarily associated with fluctuations in foreign currency exchange rates and interest rates. As a matter of policy, the Company does not use derivatives for trading or speculative purposes. All derivatives are recorded at fair value either as assets or liabilities. Changes in fair value of derivatives not designated as hedging instruments and of derivatives designated as fair value hedging instruments are recognized in Operating income/(loss)/income and net interest expense, based upon the nature of the hedged item, on the Consolidated Statements of Income/(Loss)/Income.. Changes in fair value of derivatives designated as cash flow hedging instruments are recorded as components of other comprehensive income. Amounts included in other comprehensive income are reclassified into earnings in the same period during which the hedged item affects earnings.

INCOME TAXES    
The Company recognizes deferred tax assets and liabilities using the asset and liability method, under which deferred tax assets and liabilities are calculated based upon the temporary differences between the financial statement and income tax bases of assets and liabilities using currently enacted tax rates. These differences are based upon estimated differences between the book and tax basis of the assets and liabilities for the Company as of December 31, 20202021 and 2019.2020. The Company recognizes the effects of changes in tax laws, or rates, as a component of income taxes from continuing operations within the period that includes the enactment date.

The Company’s deferred tax assets are recorded net of a valuation allowance when, based on the weight of available evidence, it is more likely than not that some portion or all of the recorded deferred tax assets will not be realized in future periods. Decreases to the valuation allowance are recorded as reductions to the Company’s provision for income taxes, and increases to the valuation allowance result in additional provision for income taxes. The realization of the Company’s

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deferred tax assets, net of the valuation allowance, is primarily dependent on estimated future taxable income. A change in the Company’s estimate of future taxable income may require an additiona change to or reduction from the valuation allowance.

For tax positions the Company has taken or expects to take in a tax return, the Company applies a more likely than not threshold, under which the Company must conclude that a tax position is more likely than not to be sustained, assuming that the position will be examined by the appropriate taxing authority that has full knowledge of all relevant information, in order to recognize or continue to recognize the benefit. In determining the Company’s provision for income taxes, the Company uses judgment, reflecting its estimates and assumptions, in applying the more likely than not threshold. The Company classifies interest and penalties associated with unrecognized tax benefits as a component of (Benefit from)/provisionProvision/(benefit) for income taxes on the Consolidated Statements of Income/(Loss)/Income..

During 2018, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) issued guidance on the accounting for tax on the global intangible low-taxed income provisions66

Table of the recently enacted tax law. These provisions impose a tax on foreign income in excess of a deemed return on tangible assets of foreign corporations. The Company has elected to treat taxes due on future inclusions in taxable income as a current-period expense when incurred.

During the fourth quarter of 2018, in accordance with the Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”) Staff Accounting Bulletin No. 118 - Income Tax Accounting Implications of the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act, the Company completed its accounting for the tax effects of the U.S. tax reform recorded for 2017.Contents

LOYALTY PROGRAMS
The Company earns revenue from its RCI Elite Rewards co–branded credit card program, which is primarily generated by cardholder spending and the enrollment of new cardholders. The advance payments received under the program are recognized as a contract liability until the Company’s performance obligations have been satisfied. The primary performance obligation for the program relates to brand performance services. Total contract consideration is estimated and recognized on a straight-line basis over the contract term.

Revenues relating to the RCI Elite Rewards program, which are recorded in Other revenues on the Consolidated Statements of (Loss)/Income, were $13 million, $15 million, and $12 million during 2020, 2019, and 2018. Expenses related to this program, which are recorded within Operating expenses on the Consolidated Statements of (Loss)/Income, were $7 million, $9 million, and $5 million during 2020, 2019, and 2018. The liabilities associated with the program as of December 31, 2020 and 2019, were $15 million and $18 million, and are included within Deferred income on the Consolidated Balance Sheets.

As a result of the Spin-off, the Company has entered into long-term exclusive license agreements to retain its affiliations with one of the industry’s top-rated loyalty programs, Wyndham Rewards. Wyndham Rewards members accumulate points by staying in hotels franchised under one of the Wyndham Hotels brands, and by purchasing everyday services and products utilizing their co-branded credit cards. Members may redeem their points for hotel stays, airline tickets, rental cars, resort vacations, electronics, sporting goods, movie and theme park tickets, gift certificates, vacation ownership maintenance fees, annual membership dues, and exchange fees for transactions.

ADVERTISING EXPENSE
Advertising costs are expensed in the period incurred and are recorded within Marketing expenseexpenses on the Consolidated Statements of Income/(Loss)/Income.. Advertising costs were $33 million, $26 million, and $37 million in 2021, 2020, and $27 million in 2020, 2019, and 2018.2019.

STOCK-BASED COMPENSATION
In accordance with the guidance for stock-based compensation, theThe Company measures all stock-based compensation awards using a fair value method and records the related expense in its Consolidated Statements of Income/(Loss)/Income..

LONG-LIVED ASSETS
Assets such as customer lists, management agreements, and trademarks acquired by the Company are classified as intangible assets and recorded at their fair value as of the date of the acquisition and categorized as having either a finite life or an indefinite life. Assets deemed to have a finite life are assigned an appropriate useful life and amortized on a straight-line basis.

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IMPAIRMENT OF LONG-LIVED ASSETS
The Company has goodwill and other indefinite-lived intangible assets recorded in connection with business combinations. The Company annually (duringin the fourth quarter, of each year subsequent to completing the Company’s annual forecasting process), or more frequently if circumstances indicate that the value of goodwill may be impaired, reviews the reporting units’ carrying values as required by the guidance for goodwill and other indefinite-lived intangible assets.values. This is done either by performing a qualitative assessment or a quantitative assessment, with an impairment being recognized only if a reporting unit’s fair value is less than carrying value. In any given year the Company can elect to perform a qualitative assessment to determine whether it is more likely than not that the fair value of a reporting unit is in excess of its carrying value. If it is not more likely than not that the fair value is in excess of the carrying value, or the Company elects to bypass the qualitative assessment, it would utilize the quantitative assessment. The qualitative factors evaluated include macroeconomic conditions, industry and market considerations, cost factors, overall financial performance, and the Company’s historical share price as well as other industry-specific considerations.

Under current accounting guidance, goodwillGoodwill and other intangible assets with indefinite lives are not subject to amortization. However, goodwill and other intangibles with indefinite lives are subject to fair value-based rules for measuring impairment, and resulting write-downs, if any, are reflected in Asset impairments.impairments/(recovery) on the Consolidated Statements of Income/(Loss). The Company has goodwill recorded at reporting units comprising its Vacation Ownership and Travel and Membership reporting units.reportable segments. The Company performedcompleted its annual goodwill impairment test by performing a qualitative analysis for each of its reporting units for each quarter of 2020, including its annual fourth quarter analysis as of October 1, 2020. Additionally, the Company performed quantitative assessments of the goodwill acquired as part of the ARN acquisition during the third2021 and fourth quarters of 2020 which resulted in the fair value exceeding the carrying value. For the quantitative assessment performed in the fourth quarter as part of the Company’s annual impairment analysis on October 1, 2020, it was determined that the fair value exceeded the carrying amount by approximately 20%. Based on the results of these qualitative and quantitative assessments the Company determined that ARN’s goodwill is not impaired and that it is more likely than not that goodwill is not impaired at the Company’s other reporting units.no impairment exists.

The Company also evaluates the recoverability of its other long-lived assets, including property and equipment and amortizable intangible assets, if circumstances indicate impairment may have occurred, pursuant to guidance for impairment or disposal of long-lived assets.occurred. This analysis is performed by comparing the respective carrying values of the assets to the current and expected future cash flows, on an undiscounted basis, to be generated from such assets. Property and equipment is evaluated separately within each segment. If such analysis indicates that the carrying value of these assets is not recoverable, the carrying value of such assets is reduced to fair value.

In addition to the goodwill assessment mentioned above, as a result of the impacts of COVID-19 the Company performed an impairment analysis on select long-lived assets during 2020. As a result of this analysis, the Company recorded $56 million of COVID-19 related impairment charges during 2020 with $51 million included in Asset impairments and $5 million included in Operating expenses on the Consolidated Statements of (Loss)/Income. See Note 26—COVID-19 Related Items for additional details.

ACCOUNTING FOR RESTRUCTURING ACTIVITIES
The Company’s restructuring activities require it to make significant estimates in several areas including (i) expenses for severance and related benefit costs, (ii) the ability to generate sublease income, as well as its ability to terminate lease obligations, and (iii) contract terminations. The amount that the Company accrued as of December 31, 2020,2021, represents its best estimate of the obligations incurred in connection with these actions, but could change due to various factors including market conditions, the outcome of negotiations with third parties, or the continuing effects of the COVID-19 pandemic.

OTHER INCOME
During 2021, the Company recorded $6 million of other income primarily due to activity at the Travel and Membership segment including (i) an unrealized gain on Vacasa equity investment; (ii) value added tax provision release; and (iii) equity earnings. During 2020, the Company recorded $14 million of other income primarily related to (i) settlements of various business interruption claims at its Vacation Ownership segment and (ii) value added tax provision releases at its Travel and Membership segment. During 2019, the Company recorded $23 million of other income primarily related to (i)

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settlements of various business interruption claims, (ii) value added tax provision releases at its Travel and Membership segment, and (iii) profit sharingequity earnings at its Travel and Membership segment. During 2018, the Company recorded $38 million of income related to (i) value added tax refunds at its Travel and Membership segment, (ii) settlements of various business interruption claims, and (iii) co-branded revenue at its Vacation Ownership segment.

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RECENTLY ISSUED ACCOUNTING PRONOUNCEMENTS
SimplifyingContract Assets and Contract Liabilities from Contracts with Customers Acquired in a Business Combination. In October 2021, the Financial Accounting for Income Taxes. In December 2019, the FASBStandards Board (“FASB”) issued guidance which requires companies to simplify the accounting for income taxes. The guidance amends the accounting for hybrid tax regimes where a tax jurisdiction imposes the greater of tax based on income versus tax based on another measurement basis, addresses the recognition of tax basisapply Accounting Standards Committee (“ASC”) 606 to recognize and measure contract assets and contract liabilities from contracts with customers acquired in goodwill not generated through a business combination, eliminates certain exceptionscombination. This creates an exception to the approach for intraperiod tax allocation when a loss from continuing operations exists, calculating interim period taxes related to enacted changesgeneral recognition and measurement principle in tax law, requirementsASC 805. This generally will result in companies recognizing contract assets and contract liabilities at amounts consistent with those recorded by the recognition of deferred tax liabilities for outside basis differences and exceptions toacquiree immediately before the ability not to recognize deferred tax liability for a foreign subsidiary when a foreign equity method investment becomes a subsidiary. The issued guidance also clarifies the financial statement presentation for tax benefits related to tax deductible dividends.acquisition date. This guidance is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2020,2022, including interim periods within those fiscal years. The amendments should be applied prospectively to business combinations occurring on or after the effective date. Early adoption is permitted. As this guidance would only be applicable to future business combinations, the Company is currently unable to determine the impact of adopting this guidance.

Government Assistance. In November 2021, the FASB issued guidance which requires business entities to provide certain disclosures when they (i) have received government assistance and (ii) use a grant or contribution accounting model by analogy to other accounting guidance. The guidance is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2021. The adoption of this guidance is not expected to have a material impact on the Company’s Consolidated Financial Statements.Statements or related disclosures.

Reference Rate Reform. In March 2020, the FASB issued guidance which provides optional expedients and exceptions for applying generally accepted accounting principles to contract modifications and hedging relationships, subject to meeting certain criteria that reference the London Interbank Offered Rate (“LIBOR”) or another reference rate expected to be discontinued. This guidance was effective as of March 12, 2020, and will apply through December 31, 2022. The transition from LIBOR based benchmark rates is expected to begin January 1, 2022 and be completed when U.S. Dollar (“USD”) LIBOR rates are phased out by June 30, 2023. The Company is currently evaluating the impact of the transition from LIBOR on its financial statements and related disclosures and the related impact of this guidance on the transition. On October 27, 2020, the Company closed on the renewal of its USD bank conduit facility (see Note 16—Debt for additional details) and adopted appropriate LIBOR disclosures for asset-backed securities (“ABS”) financing structures as part of the renewal. The Company intends to adopt such language, as appropriate, in its other relevant agreements prior to the end of 2021.

RECENTLY ADOPTED ACCOUNTING PRONOUNCEMENTS
Financial Instruments - Credit LossesSimplifying the Accounting for Income Taxes. In June 2016,December 2019, the FASB issued guidance which amendsto simplify the guidance on measuring credit losses onaccounting for income taxes and clarify the financial assets held at amortized cost. The guidance requires the measurement of all expected credit lossesstatement presentation for financial assets held at the reporting date based on historical experience, current conditions, and reasonable and supportable forecasts.tax benefits related to tax deductible dividends. This guidance wasbecame effective for the Company on January 1,fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2020, including interim periods within thethose fiscal year.years. The adoption of this guidance did not have a material impact on the Company’s Consolidated Financial Statements as the Company’s prior approach in estimating the allowance for loan losses generally aligned with the expected credit loss model required upon adoption of this guidance. The Company has included additional disclosures in accordance with the adoption of this guidance, which are included in Note 10—Vacation Ownership Contract Receivables. As part of the adoption of this accounting pronouncement, the Company made an accounting policy election to present accrued interest receivable within Trade receivables, net separate from its Vacation ownership contract receivables, net on the Consolidated Balance Sheets and elected not to estimate an allowance for credit losses on the accrued interest receivable balance. Once a contract is 91 days past due, the Company ceases accruing interest and reverses all accrued interest recognized to date against interest income included within Consumer financing revenue on the Consolidated Statements of (Loss)/Income. The Company resumes accruing interest for contracts which it had previously ceased accruing interest once the contract is less than 91 days past due.or related disclosures.

Simplifying the Test for Goodwill ImpairmentReference Rate Reform. In January 2017,March 2020, the FASB issued guidance which simplifiesprovides optional expedients and exceptions for applying generally accepted accounting principles in the current two-step goodwill impairment testU.S. (“GAAP”) to contract modifications and hedging relationships, subject to meeting certain criteria that reference the London Interbank Offered Rate (“LIBOR”) or another reference rate expected to be discontinued. This guidance became effective as of March 12, 2020, and will apply through December 31, 2022. The transition from LIBOR based benchmark rates is expected to begin January 1, 2022 and be completed when U.S. Dollar (“USD”) LIBOR rates are phased out by eliminating step twoJune 30, 2023. The Company adopted appropriate LIBOR replacement rate transition language into the agreements for the renewal of its USD bank conduit facility in 2020 and the renewal of the test. The guidance requires a one-step impairment test incredit agreement governing the revolving credit facility and term loan B which an entity comparesclosed during 2021. These agreements represented the fair value of a reporting unit with its carrying amount and recognizes an impairment charge for the amount by which the carrying amount exceeds the reporting unit’s fair value, if any. This guidance was effective for the Company on January 1, 2020, including interim periods within the fiscal year, and was applied on a prospective basis.Company’s largest exposure to LIBOR. The adoption of this guidance did not have a material impact on the Company’s Consolidated Financial Statements.Statements or related disclosures.


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3.    Revenue Recognition
Vacation Ownership
The Company develops, markets and sells VOIs to individual consumers, provides consumer financing in connection with the sale of VOIs, and provides property management services at resorts. The Company’s sales of VOIs are either cash sales or developer-financed sales. Developer financedDeveloper-financed sales are typically collateralized by the underlying VOI. Revenue is recognized on VOI sales upon transfer of control, which is defined as the point in time when a binding sales contract has been executed, the financing contract has been executed for the remaining transaction price, the statutory rescission period has expired, and the transaction price has been deemed to be collectible.

For developer-financed sales, the Company reduces the VOI sales transaction price by an estimate of uncollectible consideration at the time of the sale. The Company’s estimates of uncollectible amounts are based largely on the results of the Company’s static pool analysis which relies on historical payment data by customer class.

In connection with entering into a VOI sale, the Company may provide its customers with certain non-cash incentives, such as credits for future stays at its resorts. For those VOI sales, the Company bifurcates the sale and allocates the sales price between the VOI sale and the non-cash incentive. Non-cash incentives generally have expiration periods of 18 months or less and are recognized at a point in time upon transfer of control.

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The Company provides day-to-day property management services including oversight of housekeeping services, maintenance, and certain accounting and administrative services for property owners’ associations and clubs. These services may also include reservation and resort renovation activities. Such agreements are generally for terms of one year or less, and are renewed automatically on an annual basis. The Company’s management agreements contain cancellation clauses, which allow for either party to cancel the agreement, by either a majority board vote or a majority vote of non-developer interests. The Company receives fees for such property management services which are collected monthly in advance and are based upon total costs to operate such resorts (or as services are provided in the case of resort renovation activities). Fees for property management services typically approximate 10% of budgeted operating expenses. The Company is entitled to consideration for reimbursement of costs incurred on behalf of the property owners’ association in providing management services (“reimbursable revenue”). These reimbursable costs principally relate to the payroll costs for management of the associations, club and resort properties where the Company is the employer and are reflected as a component of Operating expenses on the Consolidated Statements of Income/(Loss)/Income.. The Company reduces its management fees for amounts it has paid to the property owners’ association that reflect maintenance fees for VOIs for which it retains ownership, as the Company has concluded that such payments are consideration payable to a customer.

Property management fee revenues are recognized when the services are performed and are recorded as a component of Service and membership fees on the Consolidated Statements of Income/(Loss)/Income.. Property management revenues, which are comprised of management fee revenue and reimbursable revenue, for the years ended December 31, were (in millions)(a):
202020192018202120202019
Management fee revenueManagement fee revenue$343 $394 $314 Management fee revenue$358 $331 $365 
Reimbursable revenuesReimbursable revenues252 308 351 Reimbursable revenues313 252 307 
Property management revenuesProperty management revenues$595 $702 $665 Property management revenues$671 $583 $672 
(a)Reflects the impact of reclassifying the Extra Holidays business line from the Vacation Ownership segment to Travel and Membership.

OneNaN of the associations that the Company manages paid its Travel and Membership segment $27$30 million for exchange services during 2021, $27 million during 2020, and $29 million during both 2019 and 2018.2019.

Travel and Membership
As a provider of vacation exchange services, the Company enters into affiliation agreements with developers of vacation ownership properties to allow owners of VOIs to trade their intervals for intervals at other properties affiliated with the Company’s vacation exchange network and, for some members, for other leisure-related services and products.

Travel and Membership derives a majority of its revenues from membership dues and fees for facilitating members’ trading of their intervals. Revenues from membership dues represent the fees paid by members or affiliated clubs on their behalf. The Company recognizes revenues from membership dues paid by the member on a straight-line basis over the membership period as the performance obligations are fulfilled through delivery of publications, if applicable, and by providing access to travel-related products and services. Estimated net contract consideration payable by affiliated clubs for memberships is recognized as revenue over the term of the contract with the affiliated club in proportion to the estimated average monthly member count. Such estimates are adjusted periodically for changes in the actual and forecasted member activity. For

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additional fees, members have the right to exchange their intervals for intervals at other properties affiliated with the Company’s vacation exchange networks and, for certain members, for other leisure-related services and products. The Company also derives revenue from facilitating bookings of travel accommodations for both members and non-members. Revenue is recognized when these transactions have been confirmed, net of expected cancellations.cancellations, except in certain transactions where the Company has a performance obligation that is not satisfied until the time of stay.

As a provider of vacation exchange services, the Company enters into affiliation agreements with developers of vacation ownership properties to allow owners of VOIs to trade their intervals for intervals at other properties affiliated with the Company’s vacation exchange network and, for some members, for other leisure-related services and products.

The Company’s vacation exchange business also derives revenues from programs with affiliated resorts, club servicing, and loyalty programs; and additional exchange-related products that provide members with the ability to protect trading power or points, extend the life of deposits, and combine two or more deposits for the opportunity to exchange into intervals with higher trading power. Other vacation exchange relatedexchange-related product fees are deferred and recognized as revenue upon the occurrence of a future exchange, event, or other related transaction.

The Company also derives revenue from other travel products and services, enabled as a result of the 2019 acquisition of ARN and via the Company’s resort services solution business, optimizing business to business (“B2B”) capabilities, and integration for consumer travel planning. The Company’s relationships and buying power with major travel suppliers provide its partners with access to some of the most compelling travel inventory in the industry. The Company’s affiliates and members enjoy inventory from accommodation wholesalers, airfare, and rental car providers.

The Company earns revenue from its RCI Elite Rewards co–branded credit card program, which is primarily generated by cardholder spending and the enrollment of new cardholders. The advance payments received under the program are recognized as a contract liability until the Company’s performance obligations have been satisfied. The primary

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performance obligation for the program relates to brand performance services. Total contract consideration is estimated and recognized on a straight-line basis over the contract term.

Prior to the sale of the vacation rental businesses, the Company’s vacation rental brands derived revenue from fees associated with the rental of vacation properties managed and marketed by the Company on behalf of independent owners. The Company remitted the rental fee received from the renter to the independent owner, net of the Company’s agreed-upon fee. The related revenue from such fees, net of expected refunds, was recognized over the renter’s stay. The Company’s vacation rental brands also derived revenues from additional services delivered to independent owners, vacation rental guests, and property owners’ associations which were generally recognized when the service was delivered.

Other Items
The Company records property management services revenues for its Vacation Ownership segment and RCI Elite Rewards revenues for its Vacation Ownership and Travel and Membership segments gross as a principal.

Contract Liabilities
Contract liabilities generally represent payments or consideration received in advance for goods or services that the Company has not yet transferred to the customer. Contract liabilities as of December 31, were as follows (in millions):
20202019
Deferred subscription revenue$176 $206 
Deferred VOI trial package revenue115 145 
Deferred VOI incentive revenue74 107 
Deferred exchange-related revenue (a)
59 58 
Deferred co-branded credit card programs revenue16 19 
Deferred other revenue
Total$448 $539 

20212020
Deferred subscription revenue$166 $176 
Deferred VOI trial package revenue85 115 
Deferred exchange-related revenue (a)
61 59 
Deferred VOI incentive revenue55 74 
Deferred co-branded credit card programs revenue12 16 
Deferred other revenue
Total$382 $448 
(a)Includes contractual liabilities to accommodate members for cancellations initiated by the Company due to unexpected events. These amounts are included within Accrued expenses and other liabilities on the Consolidated Balance Sheets.

In the Company’s vacation ownershipVacation Ownership business, deferred VOI trial package revenue represents consideration received in advance for a trial VOI, which allows customers to utilize a vacation package typically within one year of purchase. Deferred VOI incentive revenue represents payments received in advance for additional travel-related services and products at the time of a VOI sale. Revenue is recognized when a customer utilizes the additional services and products, which is typically within one year of the VOI sale.


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Within the Company’s vacation exchangeTravel and Membership business, deferred subscription revenue represents billings and payments received in advance from members and affiliated clubs for memberships in the Company’s vacation exchangetravel programs which are recognized in future periods. Deferred exchange-related revenue primarily represents payments received in advance from members for the right to exchange their intervals for intervals at other properties affiliated withaccess the Company’s vacation exchange networkstravel network to book vacation exchanges and forrent travel accommodations which are recognized on a straight-line basis over the contract period, generally within one year. Deferred revenue also includes other leisure-related services and products revenue which are generallyis recognized as revenue within one year.customers utilize the associated benefits.

Changes in contract liabilities for the years ended December 31, follow (in millions):
202020192018
Beginning balance$539 $519 $556 
Additions223 387 352 
Revenue recognized(314)(367)(341)
Held-for-sale(38)
Other(10)
Ending balance$448 $539 $519 
202120202019
Beginning balance$448 $539 $519 
Additions247 223 387 
Revenue recognized(313)(314)(367)
Ending balance$382 $448 $539 

Capitalized Contract Costs
The Company’s Vacation Ownership segment incurs certain direct and incremental selling costs in connection with VOI trial package and incentive revenues. Such costs are capitalized and subsequently amortized over the utilization period, which is typically within one year of the sale. As of December 31, 20202021 and 2019,2020, these capitalized costs were $41$28 million and $53$41 million; and are included within Other assets on the Consolidated Balance Sheets.

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The Company’s Travel and Membership segment incurs certain direct and incremental selling costs to obtain contracts with customers in connection with subscription revenues and exchange–related revenues. Such costs, which are primarily comprised of commissions paid to internal and external parties and credit card processing fees, are deferred at the inception of the contract and recognized when the benefit is transferred to the customer. As of December 31, 20202021 and 2019,2020, these capitalized costs were $16$19 million and $20$16 million; and are included within Other assets on the Consolidated Balance Sheets.

Practical Expedients
The Company has not adjusted the consideration for the effects of a significant financing component if it expected, at contract inception, that the period between when the Company satisfied the performance obligation and when the customer paid for that good or service was one year or less.

Performance Obligations
A performance obligation is a promise in a contract with a customer to transfer a distinct good or service to the customer. The consideration received from a customer is allocated to each distinct performance obligation and recognized as revenue when, or as, each performance obligation is satisfied.

The following table summarizes the Company’s remaining performance obligations for the 12-month periods set forth below (in millions):
202120222023ThereafterTotal
Subscription revenue$105 $37 $17 $17 $176 
VOI trial package revenue115 115 
VOI incentive revenue74 74 
Exchange-related revenue55 59 
Co-branded credit card programs revenue16 
Other revenue
Total$361 $43 $21 $23 $448 
202220232024ThereafterTotal
Subscription revenue$96 $37 $17 $16 $166 
VOI trial package revenue82 — — 85 
Exchange-related revenue56 — 61 
VOI incentive revenue55 — — — 55 
Co-branded credit card programs revenue12 
Other revenue— — — 
Total$295 $44 $23 $20 $382 


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Disaggregation of Net Revenues
The table below presents a disaggregation of the Company’s net revenues from contracts with customers by major services and products for each of the Company’s segments (in millions)(a):
Year Ended December 31,
202120202019
Vacation Ownership
Vacation ownership interest sales (b)
$1,176 $505 $1,848 
Property management fees and reimbursable revenues671 583 672 
Consumer financing404 467 515 
Fee-for-Service commissions101 22 18 
Ancillary revenues51 48 69 
Total Vacation Ownership2,403 1,625 3,122 
Travel and Membership
Transaction revenues540 315 492 
Subscription revenues176 160 216 
Vacation rental revenues (c)
— — 153 
Ancillary revenues36 77 83 
Total Travel and Membership752 552 944 
Corporate and other
Ancillary revenues— — 
Eliminations(21)(17)(24)
Total Corporate and other(21)(17)(23)
Net revenues$3,134 $2,160 $4,043 
Year Ended December 31,
202020192018
Vacation Ownership
Property management fees and reimbursable revenues$595 $702 $665 
Vacation ownership interest sales (a)
505 1,848 1,769 
Consumer financing467 515 491 
Fee-for-Service commissions22 18 31 
Ancillary revenues48 68 60 
Total Vacation Ownership1,637 3,151 3,016 
Travel and Membership
Exchange revenues474 647 658 
Vacation rental revenues (b)
153 170 
Ancillary revenues54 98 90 
Total Travel and Membership528 898 918 
Corporate and other
Ancillary revenues
Eliminations(5)(7)(3)
Total Corporate and other(5)(6)(3)
Net revenues$2,160 $4,043 $3,931 
(a)This table reflects the reclassification of Extra Holidays from the Vacation Ownership segment into the Travel and Membership segment for all periods presented. Extra Holidays revenue is included within Transaction revenues.
(b)The Company increased its loan loss allowance by $205 million during 2020, due to an expected increase in net new defaults driven by higher unemployment associated with COVID-19, which is reflected as a reduction to Vacation ownership interest sales on the Consolidated Statements of Income/(Loss)/Income.. During 2021, the Company analyzed the adequacy of this COVID-19 related allowance consistent with past methodology, resulting in releases of $91 million which is reflected as an increase in Vacation ownership interest sales on the Consolidated Statements of Income/(Loss).
(b)(c)The Company completed the sale of the North American vacation rentals business on October 22, 2019.


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4.    Earnings/(Loss) Per Share
The computations of basic and diluted earnings/(loss) per share (“EPS”) are based on Net income/(loss)/income attributable to Travel + Leisure Co. shareholders divided by the basic weighted average number of common shares and diluted weighted average number of common shares outstanding. The following table sets forth the computations of basic and diluted EPS (in millions, except per share data):
Year Ended December 31,
202020192018
Net (loss)/income from continuing operations attributable to Travel + Leisure shareholders$(253)$489 $266 
Loss from operations of discontinued businesses attributable to Travel + Leisure shareholders, net of income taxes(50)
(Loss)/gain on disposal of discontinued business attributable to Travel + Leisure shareholders, net of income taxes(2)18 456 
Net (loss)/income attributable to Travel + Leisure shareholders$(255)$507 $672 
Basic earnings/(loss) per share
Continuing operations$(2.95)$5.31 $2.69 
Discontinued operations(0.02)0.19 4.11 
$(2.97)$5.50 $6.80 
Diluted earnings/(loss) per share
Continuing operations$(2.95)$5.29 $2.68 
Discontinued operations(0.02)0.19 4.09 
$(2.97)$5.48 $6.77 
Basic weighted average shares outstanding86.1 92.1 98.9 
Stock-settled appreciation rights (“SSARs”), RSUs (a) and PSUs (b)
0.3 0.3 
Diluted weighted average shares outstanding (c)(d)
86.1 92.4 99.2 
Dividends:
Cash dividends per share (e)
$1.60 $1.80 $1.89 
Aggregate dividends paid to shareholders$138 $166 $194 

Year Ended December 31,
202120202019
Net income/(loss) from continuing operations attributable to Travel + Leisure Co. shareholders$313 $(253)$489 
(Loss)/gain on disposal of discontinued business attributable to Travel + Leisure Co. shareholders, net of income taxes(5)(2)18 
Net income/(loss) attributable to Travel + Leisure Co. shareholders$308 $(255)$507 
Basic earnings/(loss) per share (a)
Continuing operations$3.62 $(2.95)$5.31 
Discontinued operations(0.06)(0.02)0.19 
$3.56 $(2.97)$5.50 
Diluted earnings/(loss) per share (a)
Continuing operations$3.58 $(2.95)$5.29 
Discontinued operations(0.06)(0.02)0.19 
$3.52 $(2.97)$5.48 
Basic weighted average shares outstanding86.5 86.1 92.1 
Stock-settled appreciation rights (“SSARs”), RSUs (b), PSUs (c) and NQs (d)
0.8 — 0.3 
Diluted weighted average shares outstanding (e)
87.3 86.1 92.4 
Dividends:
Cash dividends per share (f)
$1.25 $1.60 $1.80 
Aggregate dividends paid to shareholders$109 $138 $166 
(a)Earnings/(loss) per share amounts are calculated using whole numbers.
(b)Excludes 0.4 million, 1.1 million, 0.4 million, and 0.50.4 million of restricted stock units (“RSUs”) that would have been anti-dilutive to EPS for the years 2021, 2020, 2019, and 2018,2019, of which 0.2 million would have been dilutive during 2020 had the Company not been in a net loss position. These shares could potentially dilute EPS in the future.
(b)(c)Excludes performance-vested restricted stock units (“PSUs”) of 0.4 million, 0.3 million, and 0.2 million for the years 2021, 2020, and 2019 as the Company had not met the required performance metrics. As a result ofThese PSUs could potentially dilute EPS in the Spin-off during the second quarter of 2018, the Company accelerated the vesting of outstanding PSUs and there were 0 outstanding PSUs as of December 31, 2018.future.
(c)(d)Excludes 1.4 million, 2.1 million, 1.2 million, and 0.51.2 million of outstanding non-qualified stock option (“NQs”) awards that would have been anti-dilutive to EPS for the years 2021, 2020, 2019, and 2018.2019. These outstanding stock option awards could potentially dilute EPS in the future.
(d)(e)The dilutive impact of the Company’s potential common stock is computed utilizing the treasury stock method using average market prices during the period.
(e)(f)For eachDuring 2021 the Company paid cash dividends of $0.30 per share for the quarterly periods ended March 31,first, second and June 30,third quarters, and $0.35 per share for the fourth quarter. During 2020 the Company paid cash dividends of $0.50 per share for the first and in the quarterly periods ended September 30,second quarters, and December 31, 2020, the Company paid cash dividends of $0.30 per share. For each ofshare for the quarterly periods in 2019, thethird and fourth quarters. The Company paid cash dividends of $0.45 per share. For the quarterly period ended March 31, 2018, Wyndham Worldwide Corporation paid cash dividendsshare for all four quarters of $0.66 prior to the Spin-off. In each of the following periods ended June 30, September 30, and December 31, 2018, the Company paid cash dividends of $0.41.2019.

Share Repurchase Program
As of December 31, 2020,2021, the total authorization under the Company’s current share repurchase program was $6.0 billion, of which $351$328 million remains available. Proceeds received from stock option exercises have increased the repurchase capacity by $78$81 million since the inception of this program. In March 2020, the Company suspended its share repurchase activity due to the uncertainty resulting from COVID-19. On July 15, 2020, the Company amendedentered into the First Amendment to the credit agreement forgoverning its revolving credit facility and term loan B. Among other changes, theThis amendment placesplaced the Company into a reliefRelief Period from July 15, 2020 through April 1, 2022 that prohibited the use of cash for share repurchases during this period. On October 22, 2021, the Company entered into the Second Amendment which renewed the credit agreement governing its revolving credit facility and term loan B, thereby terminating the Relief Period and

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period from July 15, 2020 through April 1, 2022 (“eliminating the Relief Period”) that prohibits the use of cash forPeriod restrictions regarding share repurchases until such time asand dividends. The Company resumed share repurchases during the Company chooses to exercise its option to exit the amendment.fourth quarter of 2021.

The following table summarizes stock repurchase activity under the current share repurchase program (in millions):
SharesCost
As of December 31, 2019108.2 $5,602 
Repurchases3.1 125 
As of December 31, 2020111.3 $5,727 
SharesCost
As of December 31, 2020111.3 $5,727 
Repurchases0.5 26 
As of December 31, 2021111.8 $5,753 

5.    Acquisitions
Assets acquired and liabilities assumed in business combinations were recorded on the Consolidated Balance Sheets as of the respective acquisition dates based upon their estimated fair values at such dates. The results of operations of businesses acquired by the Company have been included in the Consolidated Statements of Income/(Loss)/Income since their respective dates of acquisition. The excess of the purchase price over the estimated fair values of the underlying assets acquired and liabilities assumed was allocated to goodwill. In certain circumstances, the allocations of the excess purchase price arewere based upon preliminary estimates and assumptions. Accordingly, the allocations may be subject to revision when the Company receives final information, including appraisals and other analyses. Any revisions to the fair values during the measurement period will be recorded by the Company as further adjustments to the purchase price allocations. Although, in certain circumstances, the Company has substantially integrated the operations of its acquired businesses, additional future costs relating to such integration may occur. These costs may result from integrating operating systems, relocating employees, closing facilities, reducing duplicative efforts, and exiting and consolidating other activities. These costs will be recorded on the Consolidated Statements of Income/(Loss)/Income as expenses.

2021 ACQUISITIONS
Travel + Leisure. On January 5, 2021, the Company acquired the Travel + Leisure brand from Meredith Corporation for $100 million, $55 million of which was paid in 2021. These payments are reflected as $35 million of cash used in investing activities, along with the associated professional fees, and $20 million of cash used in financing activities on the Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows. The remaining payments are to be completed by June 2024. This transaction was accounted for as an asset acquisition, with the full consideration allocated to the related trademark indefinite-lived intangible asset. The Company acquired the Travel + Leisure brand to accelerate its strategic plan to broaden its reach with the launch of new travel services, expand its membership travel business, and amplify the global visibility of its leisure travel products.

2019 ACQUISITIONS
Alliance Reservations Network. On August 7, 2019, the Company acquired all of the equity of ARN. ARN provides private-label travel booking technology solutions. This acquisition was undertaken for the purpose of accelerating growth at Travel and Membership by increasing the offerings available to its members and affiliates. ARN was acquired for $102 million ($97 million net of cash acquired). The fair value of purchase consideration was comprised of: (i) $48 million deliveredpaid in cash at closing;closing, which is included in cash used in investing activities on the Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows, net of cash received; and $11 million paid in each of 2020 and 2021 included in cash used in financing activities on the Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows; (ii) $24 million of Travel + Leisure Co. stock valued at $10 million (253,350(721,450 shares at $39.29a weighted average price per share) delivered at closing;share of $32.51); and (iii) $21 million to be paid over 24 months post-closing ($11 million of which was paid on August 7, 2020); (iv) $10 million of contingent consideration based on achieving certain financial and operational metrics; and (v) additional shares of Travel + Leisure stock valued at $14 million (468,100 shares at $28.84 per share) delivered on August 7, 2020.metrics.

The Company recognized the assets and liabilities of ARN based on estimates of their acquisition date fair values. The determination of the fair values of the acquired assets and assumed liabilities, including goodwill and other intangible assets, requires significant judgment. The purchase price allocation, including the impacts of certain post-closing adjustments, consists of: (i) $27 million of developed software with a weighted average life of 10 years included within Property and equipment, net; (ii) $38 million of Goodwill; (iii) $35 million of definite-lived intangible assets with a weighted average life of 12 years primarily consisting of customer relationships; and (iv) $4 million of Accounts payable. All of the goodwill and other intangible assets are deductible for income tax purposes. ARN is reported within the Travel and Membership segment.

The Company completed purchase accounting for this transaction during the third quarter of 2020. The details above reflect the following final purchase accounting adjustments: $7 million increase in developed software and $7 million decrease in Goodwill.

Given the impact of COVID-19 on the industry, the Company performed assessments of the goodwill acquired as part of the ARN acquisition at October 1, 2021 and each interim period in 2020, including the annual assessment on October 1,

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2020, and concluded at each assessment that the goodwill of ARN was not impaired. For the assessment performed on October 1, 2020,2021, it was determined that the fair value substantially exceeded the carrying amount by approximately 20%.value.

Although the Company has determined that the goodwill of ARN iswas not impaired at this time,these times, to the extent estimated discounted cash flows are revised downward, whether as a result of continued and worsening COVID-19 impacts or if management’s current negotiations to expand ARN programs both internally and externally do not materialize as expected, the Company may be required to write-down all or a portion of this goodwill, which would negatively impact earnings.


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As a result of the impacts of COVID-19, the Company also performed an impairment analysis of ARN’s property and equipment and other intangible assets during each quarter of 2020, including the fourth quarter as part of its annual impairment analysis on October 1, 2020, and determined in all periods that it iswas more likely than not that these assets were not impaired. The Company did not have any triggering events requiring an impairment test to be performed for these amortizing assets in 2021.

Other. During the third quarter of 2019, the Company completed a business acquisition at its Vacation Ownership segment for $13 million ($10 million net of cash acquired). The acquisition resulted in the recognition of (i) $4 million of Inventory, (ii) $7 million of definite-lived intangible assets, and (iii) $1 million of Accrued expenses and other liabilities.

2018 ACQUISITIONS
La Quinta Holdings Inc. (“La Quinta”). In January 2018, the Company entered into an agreement with La Quinta to acquire its hotel franchising and management businesses for $1.95 billion. This acquisition closed on May 30, 2018, prior to the hotel business Spin-off on May 31, 2018. Upon completion of the Spin-off, La Quinta became a wholly-owned subsidiary of Wyndham Hotels.

Other. During 2018, the Company completed 1 other acquisition at its Travel and Membership segment for $5 million in cash, net of cash acquired. The purchase price allocations resulted in the recognition of (i) $1 million of Goodwill, none of which is expected to be deductible for tax purposes, (ii) $4 million of definite-lived intangible assets with a weighted average life of 21 years, (iii) less than $1 million in Other assets, and (iv) less than $1 million of liabilities.

6.    Discontinued Operations
During 2018, the Company completed the Spin-offspin-off of its hotel business (“Spin-off”) and the sale of its European vacation rentals business. AsSubsequent to these transactions closing, the Company recognized additional gain and losses on disposal associated with these discontinued businesses. During 2021, the Company recognized a loss on disposal of discontinued business, net of income taxes of $5 million as a result the Company has classified the results of operationsentering into a settlement agreement for these businesses as discontinued operations in its Consolidated Financial Statements andpost-closing adjustment claims related notes. Discontinued operations include direct expenses clearly identifiable to the businesses being discontinued. The sale of the European vacation rentals business resulted in final net proceeds of $1.06 billionbusiness. See Note 29—Transactions with Former Parent and a 2018 after-tax gain of $456 million, net of $139 million in taxes.
Former Subsidiaries
for additional information.
During 2020, the Company recognized a $2 million loss on disposal of discontinued business, net of income taxes resulting from a tax audit related to the European vacation rentals business. During 2019, the Company recognized an additional $18 million gain on disposal of discontinued operations.business, net of income taxes. This gain was related to $12 million of tax benefits associated with additional foreign tax credit utilization and lower than anticipated state income taxes, as well as $6 million in returned escrow for an expired guarantee and other changes indeposits associated with expired guarantees related to the sale of the European vacation rentals business. The Company does not expect to incur significant ongoing expenses classified asgains and losses for these discontinued operations except for certain tax adjustments that may be required as final tax returns are completed. Discontinued operations exclude the allocation of corporate overhead and interest.operations.

Prior to their classification as discontinued operations, the hotel business comprised the Hotel Group segment and the European vacation rentals business was part of the Travel and Membership segment.


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The following table presents information regarding certain components of income from discontinued operations, net of income taxes for the years ended (in millions):
Year Ended December 31,
202020192018
Net revenues$$$720 
Expenses:
Operating343 
Marketing200 
General and administrative71 
Separation and related costs111 
Depreciation and amortization52 
Total expenses777 
Benefit for income taxes(7)
Loss from operations of discontinued businesses, net of income taxes(50)
(Loss)/gain on disposal of discontinued business, net of income taxes(2)18 456 
Net (loss)/income from discontinued operations, net of income taxes$(2)$18 $406 

The following table presents information regarding certain components of cash flows from discontinued operations for the years ended December 31, (in millions):
Year Ended December 31,
202020192018
Cash flows (used in)/provided by operating activities$$(1)$150 
Cash flows used in investing activities(5)(22)(626)
Cash flows provided by financing activities2,066 
Non-cash items:
Forgiveness of intercompany debt from Wyndham Hotels197 
Depreciation and amortization52 
Stock-based compensation22 
Deferred income taxes(23)
Property and equipment additions(38)
Net assets of business acquired, net of cash acquired(1,696)
Proceeds from sale of businesses and asset sales1,099 
202120202019
Cash flows used in operating activities$— $— $(1)
Cash flows used in investing activities— (5)(22)

7.    Held-for-Sale Business
During 2018, the Company decided to explore strategic alternatives for its North American vacation rentals business and on October 22, 2019, the Company closed on the sale of thisits North American vacation rentals business for $162 million. After customary closing adjustments, the Company received $156 million in cash and $10 million in Vacasa LLC (“Vacasa”) equity, resulting in a gain of $68 million which is included in Gain on sale of business on the Consolidated Statements of Income/(Loss)/Income.

The assets and liabilities of this business were classified as held-for-sale as of December 31, 2018. This business did not meet the criteria to be classified as a discontinued operation; therefore, the results of operations are reflected within continuing operations on the Consolidated Statements of (Loss)/Income through the date of sale.. Prior to sale, this business was reported within the Travel and Membership segment.

During December 2021, Vacasa merged with a publicly traded special purpose acquisition company and began trading on the Nasdaq Global Select market. As of December 31, 2021, the fair value of the Company’s investment in Vacasa was $13 million, as measured using quoted prices in the active market (Level 1); representing an increase of $9 million during the year. This increase is reflected as a $6 million recovery in Asset impairments/(recovery), and $3 million of Other income, net on the Consolidated Statements of Income/(Loss).


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8.    Intangible Assets
Intangible assets consisted of (in millions):
As of December 31, 2020As of December 31, 2019
Gross
Carrying
Amount
Accumulated
Amortization
Net
Carrying
Amount
Gross
Carrying
Amount
Accumulated
Amortization
Net
Carrying
Amount
Unamortized Intangible Assets:
Goodwill$964 $970 
Trademarks (a)
$47 $51 
Amortized Intangible Assets:
 Customer lists (b)
$75 $25 $50 $74 $19 $55 
 Management agreements (c)
53 31 22 52 27 25 
 Trademarks (d)
Other (e)
$145 $61 $84 $143 $51 $92 

As of December 31, 2021As of December 31, 2020
Gross
Carrying
Amount
Accumulated
Amortization
Net
Carrying
Amount
Gross
Carrying
Amount
Accumulated
Amortization
Net
Carrying
Amount
Unamortized Intangible Assets:
Goodwill$961 $964 
Trademarks (a)
$146 $47 
Amortized Intangible Assets:
 Customer lists (b)
$75 $31 $44 $75 $25 $50 
 Management agreements (c)
52 34 18 53 31 22 
 Trademarks (d)
Other (e)
— — 
$143 $70 $73 $145 $61 $84 
(a)Comprised of trademarks that the Company has acquired that are expected to generate future cash flows for an indefinite period of time.
(b)Amortized between 4 to 15 years with a weighted average life of 1312 years.
(c)Amortized between 10 to 25 years with a weighted average life of 17 years.
(d)Amortized between 7 to 8 years with a weighted average life of 7 years.
(e)Includes business contracts, which are amortized between 10 to 69 years with a weighted average life toof 57 years.

Goodwill
TheDuring the fourth quarters of 2021, 2020, and 2019, the Company performed its annual goodwill impairment test and determined no impairment existed as the fair value of goodwill at its reporting units was in excess of the carrying value.

Due to the impacts of COVID-19, the Company also performed a qualitative analysis for each of its reporting units forduring each quarter of 2020, including its annual fourth quarter analysis as of October 1, 2020. Additionally, the Company performed quantitative assessments of the goodwill acquired as part of the ARN acquisition during the third and fourth quarters of 20202020; which resulted in the fair value exceeding the carrying value. For the quantitative assessment performed in the fourth quarter as part of the Company’s annual impairment analysis on October 1, 2020, it was determined that the fair value of the ARN goodwill exceeded the carrying amount by approximately 20%. Based on the results of these qualitative and quantitative assessments, the Company determined that ARN’s goodwill iswas not impaired and that it iswas more likely than not that goodwill iswas not impaired at the Company’s other reporting units. DuringFor the fourth quartersquantitative assessment performed on October 1, 2021 as part of 2019 and 2018, the Company performed itsCompany’s annual goodwill impairment test andanalysis, it was determined 0 impairment existed asthat the fair value of the ARN goodwill at its reporting units was in excess ofsubstantially exceeded the carrying value.

The changes in the carrying amount of goodwill are as follows (in millions):
Balance as of December 31, 2019Adjustments to Goodwill During 2020Foreign ExchangeBalance as of December 31, 2020
Vacation Ownership$27 $$$27 
Travel and Membership943 (7)(a)937 
Total Company$970 $(7)$$964 

(a)Represents purchase price adjustments related to the acquisition of ARN.


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Unamortized Trademarks
The changes in the carrying amount of unamortized trademarks are as follows (in millions):
Balance as of December 31, 2019Adjustments to unamortized trademarks during 2020Balance as of December 31, 2020
Travel and Membership$51 $(4)(a)$47 
Total Company$51 $(4)$47 

(a)Represents impairment of Love Home Swap trade name. See Note 27 —Impairments and Other Charges for additional details.
Balance as of December 31, 2020Foreign ExchangeBalance as of December 31, 2021
Travel and Membership$937 $(3)$934 
Vacation Ownership27 — 27 
Total Company$964 $(3)$961 

Amortizable Intangible Assets
Amortization expense relating to amortizable intangible assets is included as a component of Depreciation and amortization on the Consolidated Statements of Income/(Loss)/Income, and was as follows (in millions):
202020192018
Customer lists$$$
Management agreements
Other
Total$10 $$12 
202120202019
Customer lists$$$
Management agreements
Other— — 
Total$$10 $


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Based on the Company’s amortizable intangible assets as of December 31, 2020,2021, the Company expects related amortization expense for the next five years as follows (in millions):
Amount
2021$10 
202210 
202310 
2024
2025
Amount
2022$10 
202310 
2024
2025
2026

9.    Income Taxes
On March 27, 2020,11, 2021, the American Rescue Plan Act of 2021 (“ARPA”) was signed into law, which is the latest stimulus package to provide COVID-19 relief. ARPA included an extension of the Coronavirus Aid, Relief, and Economic Security
(“CARES”) Act Employee Retention Tax Credit until December 31, 2021. In addition to the expansion of the employee retention credit (among other provisions), ARPA includes several revenue-raising and business tax provisions. One such provision that will impact the Company is the expansion of the limitation of compensation deductions above $1 million for certain covered employees of publicly held corporations. Effective for taxable years after December 31, 2026, ARPA expands the limitation to include the next five highest compensated employees.

On March 27, 2020, the CARES Act was established to provide emergency assistance and health care for individuals, families, and businesses affected by COVID-19 and generally support the U.S. economy. The CARES Act, among other things, includesincluded provisions relating to refundable payroll tax credits, deferment of employer social security payments, net operating loss carryback periods, alternative minimum tax credit refunds, modifications to the net interest deduction limitations, and technical corrections to tax depreciation methods for qualified improvement property.

The Company recorded $2 million and $26 million of employee retention tax credits for the yearyears ended December 31, 2021 and 2020, including credits from similar programs outside the U.S. This provision of the CARES Act has no additional requirements or restrictions. The Company has deferred social security payments and taken additional depreciation deductions relating to qualified improvement property. While the Company continues to review and consider any additional available benefits under the CARES Act or similar legislation that has been or in the future may be enacted in response to the COVID-19 pandemic for which it qualifies, the Company cannot predict the manner in which such benefits will be allocated or administered and cannot assure that it will be able to receive such benefits in a timely manner or at all.

On December 22, 2017, the U.S. enacted the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act, which is also commonly referred to as ‘‘U.S. tax reform,’’ and significantly changed U.S. corporate income tax laws by reducing the U.S. corporate income tax rate from 35.0% to 21.0% starting in 2018, and imposing a one-time mandatory deemed repatriation tax on undistributed historic earnings of foreign subsidiaries. Other provisions of the law include, but are not limited to, creating a territorial tax system which generally eliminates U.S. federal income taxes on dividends from foreign subsidiaries, eliminating or limiting the deduction of certain expenses, and imposing a minimum tax on earnings generated by foreign subsidiaries.


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The Company made a reasonable estimate for the impact of U.S. tax reform on December 31, 2017, and finalized the accounting for the tax effects of U.S. tax reform in 2018. The following table presents the impact of the accounting for the enactment of U.S. tax reform on the Company’s benefit/provision for income taxes for the year ended December 31, 2018 (in millions). There were no such amounts for the years ended December 31, 2020 and 2019.
2018
Remeasurement of net deferred income tax and uncertain tax liabilities$(24)
One-time mandatory repatriation tax on undistributed historic earnings of foreign subsidiaries
Valuation allowance established for the impact of the law on certain tax attributes(13)
Net (benefit) for income taxes impact$(29)

Although theone-time mandatory deemed repatriation tax during 2017 and the territorial tax system created as a result of U.S. tax reform generally eliminate U.S. federal income taxes on dividends from foreign subsidiaries, the Company asserts that substantially all of the undistributed foreign earnings of $805 million will be reinvested indefinitely as of December 31, 2020.2021. In the event the Company determines not to continue to assert that all or part of its undistributed foreign earnings are permanently reinvested, such a determination in the future could result in the accrual and payment of additional foreign withholding taxes, as well as U.S. taxes on currency transaction gains and losses, the determination of which is not practicable.

The income tax provision consisted of the following for the years ended December 31 (in millions):
202020192018
Current
Federal$42 $74 $(24)
State12 (6)
Foreign11 29 38 
65 112 
Deferred
Federal(82)57 77 
State(3)17 44 
Foreign(3)
(88)79 122 
(Benefit)/provision for income taxes$(23)$191 $130 
Pre-tax (loss)/income for domestic and foreignprovision/(benefit) attributable to continuing operations consisted of the following for the years ended December 31 (in millions):
202020192018
Domestic$(326)$452 $258 
Foreign50 228 138 
(Loss)/income before income taxes$(276)$680 $396 
202120202019
Current
Federal$111 $42 $74 
State27 12 
Foreign17 11 29 
155 65 112 
Deferred
Federal(38)(82)57 
State(2)(3)17 
Foreign(3)
(39)(88)79 
Provision/(benefit) for income taxes$116 $(23)$191 


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Pre-tax income/(loss) for domestic and foreign operations attributable to continuing operations consisted of the following for the years ended December 31 (in millions):
202120202019
Domestic$314 $(326)$452 
Foreign115 50 228 
Income/(loss) before income taxes$429 $(276)$680 

Deferred income tax assets and liabilities, as of December 31, were comprised of the following (in millions):
20202019
Deferred income tax assets:
Net operating loss carryforward$37 $33 
Foreign tax credit carryforward75 78 
Tax basis differences in assets of foreign subsidiaries12 12 
Accrued liabilities and deferred income80 49 
Provision for doubtful accounts and loan loss reserves for vacation ownership contract receivables227 229 
Other comprehensive income69 64 
Other92 82 
Valuation allowance (a)
(153)(133)
Deferred income tax assets439 414 
Deferred income tax liabilities:
Depreciation and amortization228 189 
Installment sales of vacation ownership interests780 876 
Estimated VOI recoveries60 68 
Other comprehensive income49 47 
Other20 23 
Deferred income tax liabilities1,137 1,203 
Net deferred income tax liabilities$698 $789 
Reported in:
Other assets$27 $26 
Deferred income taxes725 815 
Net deferred income tax liabilities$698 $789 

20212020
Deferred income tax assets:
Provision for doubtful accounts and loan loss allowance for vacation ownership contract receivables$180 $227 
Foreign tax credit carryforward77 75 
Accrued liabilities and deferred income76 80 
Other comprehensive income73 69 
Net operating loss carryforward33 37 
Tax basis differences in assets of foreign subsidiaries11 12 
Other89 92 
Valuation allowance (a)
(156)(153)
Deferred income tax assets383 439 
Deferred income tax liabilities:
Installment sales of vacation ownership interests700 780 
Depreciation and amortization227 228 
Other comprehensive income53 49 
Estimated VOI recoveries46 60 
Other18 20 
Deferred income tax liabilities1,044 1,137 
Net deferred income tax liabilities$661 $698 
Reported in:
Other assets$25 $27 
Deferred income taxes686 725 
Net deferred income tax liabilities$661 $698 
(a) The valuation allowance of $156 million at December 31, 2021, relates to foreign tax credits, net operating loss carryforwards, and certain deferred tax assets of $56 million, $21 million, and $79 million. The valuation allowance of $153 million at December 31, 2020, relates to foreign tax credits, net operating loss carryforwards, and certain deferred tax assets of $50 million, $22 million, and $81 million. The valuation allowance of $133 million at December 31, 2019, relates to foreign tax credits, net operating loss carryforwards, and certain deferred tax assets of $35 million, $21 million, and $77 million. The valuation allowance will be reduced when and if the Company determines it is more likely than not that the related deferred income tax assets will be realized.

As of December 31, 2020,2021, the Company’s net operating loss carryforwards primarily relate to state and foreign net operating losses whichof $17 million and $14 million. The state net operating losses are due to expire at various dates, but no later than 2040.2041. The majority of the foreign net operating losses can be carried forward indefinitely. As of December 31, 2020,2021, the Company had $75$77 million of foreign tax credits. These foreign tax credits expire between 20212022 and 2030.2031.

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The Company’s effective income tax rate differs from the U.S. federal statutory rate as follows for the years ended December 31:
202020192018
Federal statutory rate21.0%21.0%21.0%
State and local income taxes, net of federal tax benefits(0.9)6.81.7
Taxes on foreign operations at rates different than U.S. federal statutory rates(0.9)1.42.1
Taxes on foreign income, net of tax credits0.20.42.7
Valuation allowance(7.1)(2.4)10.8
Non-deductible expenses(1.6)00
Impact of U.S. tax reform00(5.5)
Other(2.4)0.90
8.3%28.1%32.8%
202120202019
Federal statutory rate21.0%21.0%21.0%
State and local income taxes, net of federal tax benefits4.5(0.9)6.8
Taxes on foreign operations at rates different than U.S. federal statutory rates(3.2)(0.9)1.4
Taxes on foreign income, net of tax credits3.50.20.4
Valuation allowance1.8(7.1)(2.4)
Installment sale interest1.3(0.8)0.5
Other(1.9)(3.2)0.4
27.0%8.3%28.1%


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TableThe effective income tax rate for 2021 differed from the statutory U.S. Federal income tax rate of Contents

21.0%
primarily due to the effect of state income taxes and the net increases in valuation allowances on the Company’s deferred tax assets. The effective income tax rate for 2020 differed from the statutory U.S. Federal income tax rate of 21.0% primarily due to net increases in valuation allowances on the Company’s deferred tax assets. The effective income tax rate for 2019 differed from the statutory U.S. Federal income tax rate of 21.0% primarily due to the effect of state income taxes, which were mainly related to additional taxes resulting from 2019 state legislative changes retroactively applicable to 2018 tax filings.

The following table summarizes the activity related to the Company’s unrecognized tax benefits (in millions):
 202020192018
Beginning balance$29 $28 $28 
Increases related to tax positions taken during a prior period
Increases related to tax positions taken during the current period
Decreases related to settlements with taxing authorities(1)
Decreases as a result of a lapse of the applicable statute of limitations(3)(2)(2)
Decreases related to tax positions taken during a prior period(2)(1)(3)
Ending balance$26 $29 $28 
 202120202019
Beginning balance$26 $29 $28 
Increases related to tax positions taken during a prior period— 
Increases related to tax positions taken during the current period
Decreases related to settlements with taxing authorities— — (1)
Decreases related to tax positions taken during a prior period— (2)(1)
Decreases as a result of a lapse of the applicable statute of limitations(3)(3)(2)
Ending balance$27 $26 $29 

The gross amount of the unrecognized tax benefits that, if recognized, would affect the Company’s effective tax rate was $26$22 million, $29$22 million, and $28$24 million as of December 31, 2021, 2020, 2019, and 2018.2019. The Company accrued potential penalties and interest as a component of (Benefit from)/provisionProvision/(benefit) for income taxes on the Consolidated Statements of Income/(Loss)/Income related to these unrecognized tax benefits of $1 million, $1 million, and $2 million during 2021, 2020, and $1 million during 2020, 2019, and 2018.2019. The Company had a liability for potential penalties of $4 million as of December 31, 2021, 2020, 2019, and 2018,2019, and potential interest of $11 million, $10 million, $9 million, and $7$9 million as of December 31, 2021, 2020, 2019, and 2018.2019. Such liabilities are reported as a component of Accrued expenses and other liabilities on the Consolidated Balance Sheets. The Company does not expect the unrecognized tax benefits balance to change significantly over the next 12 months.

The Company files U.S. federal and state, and foreign income tax returns in jurisdictions with varying statutes of limitations. The Company is currently under a U.S. federal exam for the 2016 tax year and generally remains subject to examination by U.S. federal tax authorities for tax years 20172018 through 2020.2021. The 20112012 through 20202021 tax years generally remain subject to examination by many U.S. state tax authorities. In significant foreign jurisdictions, the 20132014 through 20202021 tax years generally remain subject to examination by their respective tax authorities. The statutes of limitations are scheduled to expire within 12 months of the reporting date in certain taxing jurisdictions, and the Company believes that it is reasonably possible that the total amount of its unrecognized tax benefits could decrease by $3$2 million due to $5 million.statute expirations.

The Company made cash income tax payments, net of refunds, of $110 million, $50 million, and $89 million during 2021, 2020, and $108 million during 2020, 2019, and 2018.2019. In addition, the Company made cash income tax payments, net of refunds, of $8 million $39 million, and $9$39 million during 2020 2019, and 20182019 related to discontinued operations. Such payments exclude income tax related payments made to or refunded by the Company’s former parent Cendant.Cendant and Wyndham Hotels & Resorts, Inc. (“Wyndham Hotels”).


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10.    Vacation Ownership Contract Receivables
The Company generates VOCRs by extending financing to the purchasers of its VOIs. As of December 31, Vacation ownership contract receivables, net consisted of (in millions):
20202019
Vacation ownership contract receivables:
Securitized (a)
$2,458 $2,984 
Non-securitized (b)
717 883 
Vacation ownership contract receivables, gross3,175 3,867 
Less: Allowance for loan losses693 747 
Vacation ownership contract receivables, net$2,482 $3,120 

20212020
Vacation ownership contract receivables:
Securitized (a)
$2,061 $2,458 
Non-securitized (b)
758 717 
Vacation ownership contract receivables, gross2,819 3,175 
Less: Allowance for loan losses510 693 
Vacation ownership contract receivables, net$2,309 $2,482 
(a)Excludes $2317 million and $25$23 million of accrued interest on VOCRs as of December 31, 20202021 and 2019,2020, which are included in Trade receivables, net on the Consolidated Balance Sheets.
(b)Excludes $9$5 million and $7$9 million of accrued interest on VOCRs as of December 31, 20202021 and 2019,2020, which are included in Trade receivables, net on the Consolidated Balance Sheets.

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Principal payments due on the Company’s VOCRs during each of the five years subsequent to December 31, 2020,2021, and thereafter are as follows (in millions):
SecuritizedNon -
Securitized
Total
2021$245 $70 $315 
2022263 69 332 
2023280 76 356 
2024294 81 375 
2025287 74 361 
Thereafter1,089 347 1,436 
$2,458 $717 $3,175 
SecuritizedNon -
Securitized
Total
2022$219 $68 $287 
2023233 77 310 
2024245 83 328 
2025258 88 346 
2026249 78 327 
Thereafter857 364 1,221 
$2,061 $758 $2,819 

During 2021, 2020, 2019, and 2018,2019, the Company’s securitized VOCRs generated interest income of $304 million, $391 million, $405 million, and $363$405 million. Such interest income is included within Consumer financing revenue on the Consolidated Statements of Income/(Loss)/Income..

During 2021, 2020, 2019, and 2018,2019, the Company originated VOCRshad net VOCR originations of $780 million, $481 million, $1.5 billion, and $1.51$1.5 billion and received principal collections of $815 million, $718 million, $937 million, and $890$937 million. The weighted average interest rate on outstanding VOCRs was 14.4%14.5%, 14.4%, and 14.1%14.4% during 2021, 2020, 2019, and 2018.2019.

The activity in the allowance for loan losses on VOCRs was as follows (in millions):
 Amount
Allowance for loan losses as of December 31, 20172018$691 
Provision for loan losses456 
Contract receivables written off, net(413)
Allowance for loan losses as of December 31, 2018734 
Provision for loan losses, net479 
Contract receivables write-offs, net(466)
Allowance for loan losses as of December 31, 2019747 
Provision for loan losses, net415 
Contract receivables write-offs, net(469)
Allowance for loan losses as of December 31, 2020693 
Provision for loan losses, net129 
Contract receivables write-offs, net(312)
Allowance for loan losses as of December 31, 2021$693510 

The Company recorded a provision for loan losses of $415 million as a reduction of net revenues during the year ended December 31, 2020, and $479 million for the year ended December 31, 2019. Due to the economic downturn resulting from COVID-19 during the first quarter of 2020, the Company evaluated the potential impact of COVID-19 on its owners’ ability to repay their contract receivables and as a result of current and projected unemployment rates at that time, the Company increasedrecorded a COVID-19 related allowance for loan losses. The

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Company based its COVID-19 loan loss estimate upon historical data on the relationship between unemployment rates and net new defaults observed during the most recent recession in 2008. This allowance in the first quarterconsisted of 2020. Thisa $225 million COVID-19 related provision, which was reflected as a $225 million reduction to Vacation ownership interest sales and a $55 million of estimated recoveries, which were reflected as a reduction to Cost of vacation ownership interests on the Consolidated Statements of Income/(Loss)/Income.. During the fourth quarter of 2020, the Company updated its evaluation of the impact of COVID-19 on its owners’ ability to repay their contract receivables and, as a result of an improvement in net new defaults and lower than expected unemployment rates, reduced the reserveprovision by $20 million with a corresponding $7 million changeincrease in Cost of vacation ownership interests. The total impact of COVID-19 on the ability for owners’ to repay their contracts receivables for the year ended December 31, 2020, is reflected as a $205 million reduction to Vacation ownership interest sales and a $48 million reduction to Cost of vacation ownership interests on the Consolidated Statements of Income/(Loss)/Income.. During 2021, the Company analyzed the adequacy of the COVID-19 related allowance consistent with past methodology, and due to improvement in net new defaults the Company reduced the allowance resulting in a $91 million increase to Vacation ownership interest sales and a corresponding $33 million increase to Cost of vacation ownership interests on the Consolidated Statements of Income/(Loss).

Estimating the amount of the additional loan lossCOVID-19 related allowance for COVID-19 involvedinvolves the use of significant estimates and assumptions. Management based its estimates upon historical data onSince the relationship between unemployment ratestime this allowance was established in March 2020, the Company has reversed $111 million of the initial $225 million provision. After considering write-offs and net newthe allowance for remaining likely defaults observed duringassociated with loans that were granted payment deferrals, the most recent recession in 2008. Specifically, historical data indicated that net new defaults did not return to prior levels until 15-20 months after the peak in unemployment. AsCompany has no COVID-19 related allowances as of December 31, 2020, given the significant amount of government assistance provided to consumers in the early stages of the pandemic, the Company estimated default rates would remain elevated for the next 12-15 months as a result of COVID-19. The Company will continue to monitor this reserve as more information becomes available.2021.


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TableThe Company recorded net provisions for loan losses of Contents$129 million and $415 million as a reduction of net revenues during the years ended December 31, 2021 and 2020, inclusive of the aforementioned COVID-19 related adjustments.

Credit Quality for Financed Receivables and the Allowance for Credit Losses
The basis of the differentiation within the identified class of financed VOI contract receivables is the consumer’s Fair Isaac Corporation (“FICO”) score. A FICO score is a branded version of a consumer credit score widely used within the U.S. by the largest banks and lending institutions. FICO scores range from 300 to 850 and are calculated based on information obtained from one or more of the three major U.S. credit reporting agencies that compile and report on a consumer’s credit history. The Company updates its records for all active VOI contract receivables with a balance due on a rolling monthly basis to ensure that all VOI contract receivables are scored at least every six months. The Company groups all VOI contract receivables into five different categories: FICO scores ranging from 700 to 850, from 600 to 699, below 600, no score (primarily comprised of consumers for whom a score is not readily available, including consumers declining access to FICO scores and non-U.S. residents), and Asia Pacific (comprised of receivables in the Company’s Vacation Ownership Asia Pacific business for which scores are not readily available).

The following table details an aging analysis of financing receivables using the most recently updated FICO scores, based on the policy described above (in millions):
As of December 31, 2020
700+600-699<600No ScoreAsia PacificTotal
Current$1,706 $835 $160 $96 $221 $3,018 
31 - 60 days20 25 13 64 
61 - 90 days13 18 12 47 
91 - 120 days12 16 14 46 
Total (a)
$1,751 $894 $199 $106 $225 $3,175 
As of December 31, 2019
700+600-699<600No ScoreAsia PacificTotal
Current$2,019 $1,049 $196 $134 $250 $3,648 
31 - 60 days25 37 21 90 
61 - 90 days18 28 17 67 
91 - 120 days13 21 24 62 
Total (a)
$2,075 $1,135 $258 $145 $254 $3,867 

As of December 31, 2021
700+600-699<600No ScoreAsia PacificTotal
Current$1,630 $734 $98 $72 $169 $2,703 
31 - 60 days17 24 10 55 
61 - 90 days12 — 29 
91 - 120 days12 32 
Total (a)
$1,665 $782 $124 $77 $171 $2,819 
As of December 31, 2020
700+600-699<600No ScoreAsia PacificTotal
Current$1,706 $835 $160 $96 $221 $3,018 
31 - 60 days20 25 13 64 
61 - 90 days13 18 12 47 
91 - 120 days12 16 14 46 
Total (a)
$1,751 $894 $199 $106 $225 $3,175 
(a)Includes contracts under temporary deferment (up to 180 days). As of December 31, 20202021 and 2019,2020, contracts under deferment total $37$7 million and $8$37 million.

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The Company ceases to accrue interest on VOI contract receivables once the contract has remained delinquent for greater than 90 days and reverses all of the associated accrued interest recognized to date against interest income included within Consumer financing revenue on the Consolidated Statements of Income/(Loss)/Income.. At greater than 120 days, the VOI contract receivable is written off to the allowance for loan losses. In accordance with its policy, the Company assesses the allowance for loan losses primarily using a static pool methodology and thus does not assess individual loans for impairment separate from the pool.impairment.


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The following table details the year of origination of financing receivables using the most recently updated FICO scores, based on the policy described above (in millions):

As of December 31, 2021
700+600-699<600No ScoreAsia PacificTotal
20212021$534 $221 $11 $11 $38 $815 
20202020224 105 17 38 390 
20192019324 168 37 19 33 581 
20182018234 117 25 14 24 414 
20172017157 76 15 11 14 273 
PriorPrior192 95 19 16 24 346 
TotalTotal$1,665 $782 $124 $77 $171 $2,819 
As of December 31, 2020As of December 31, 2020
700+600-699<600No ScoreAsia PacificTotal700+600-699<600No ScoreAsia PacificTotal
20202020$424 $173 $11 $17 $55 $680 2020$424 $173 $11 $17 $55 $680 
20192019476 269 67 27 70 909 2019476 269 67 27 70 909 
20182018339 183 50 21 36 629 2018339 183 50 21 36 629 
20172017220 115 31 16 22 404 2017220 115 31 16 22 404 
20162016128 63 16 10 16 233 2016128 63 16 10 16 233 
PriorPrior164 91 24 15 26 320 Prior164 91 24 15 26 320 
TotalTotal$1,751 $894 $199 $106 $225 $3,175 Total$1,751 $894 $199 $106 $225 $3,175 
As of December 31, 2019
700+600-699<600No ScoreAsia PacificTotal
2019$866 $454 $54 $53 $119 $1,546 
2018486 285 80 32 49 932 
2017303 166 51 23 29 572 
2016173 89 29 14 20 325 
201599 56 17 14 195 
Prior148 85 27 14 23 297 
Total$2,075 $1,135 $258 $145 $254 $3,867 

11.    Inventory
Inventory, as of December 31, consisted of (in millions):
20202019
Completed VOI inventory$1,049 $802 
Estimated VOI recoveries246 281 
VOI construction in process30 24 
Inventory sold subject to repurchase13 24 
Vacation exchange credits and other65 
Land held for VOI development
Total inventory$1,347 $1,199 
20212020
Completed VOI inventory$998 $1,049 
Estimated VOI recoveries187 246 
VOI construction in process13 30 
Inventory sold subject to repurchase13 13 
Vacation exchange credits and other
Land held for VOI development
Total inventory$1,216 $1,347 

The Company had net transfers of $30$75 million and $41$30 million of VOI inventory to property and equipment during 20202021 and 2019.2020.

During 2020, as a result of resort closures and cancellations surrounding COVID-19, the Company recorded a $48 million reduction to exchange inventory consisting of costs previously incurred by RCI to provide enhanced out-of-network travel options to members. The write-off was included within Operating expenses on the Consolidated Statements of Income/(Loss)/Income.. The Company anticipates that remaining inventory will be fully utilized to maximize exchange supply for its members in 20212022 and beyond.


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Inventory Sale Transactions
During 2020, the Company acquired properties in Orlando, Florida, and Moab, Utah, from third-party developers for vacation ownership inventory and property and equipment.

During 2017, the Company acquired property located in Austin, Texas, from a third-party developer for vacation ownership inventory and property and equipment.


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During 2013, the Company sold real property located in Las Vegas, Nevada, and Avon, Colorado, to a third-party developer, consisting of vacation ownership inventory and property and equipment. The Company recognized 0no gain or loss on these sales transactions.

In accordance with the agreements with the third-party developers, the Company has conditional rights and conditional obligations to repurchase the completed properties from the developers subject to the properties conforming to the Company'sCompany’s vacation ownership resort standards and provided that the third-party developers have not sold the properties to another party. Under the sale of real estate accounting guidance, the conditional rights and obligations of the Company constitute continuing involvement and thus the Company was unable to account for these transactions as a sale.

The following table summarizes the activity related to the Company’s inventory obligations (in millions):
Avon (a)
Austin (a)
Las Vegas (a)
Moab (a)
Orlando (a)
Other (b)
Total
December 31, 2018$11 $31 $52 $$$$100 
Purchases27 148 176 
Payments(11)(32)(36)(148)(227)
December 31, 201943 49 
Purchases36 41 44 107 228 
Payments(66)(10)(22)(96)(194)
December 31, 2020$$$13 $31 $22 $17 $83 

Las Vegas (a)
Moab (a)
Orlando (a)
Other (b)
Total
December 31, 2019$43 $— $— $$49 
Purchases36 41 44 107 228 
Payments(66)(10)(22)(96)(194)
December 31, 202013 31 22 17 83 
Purchases25 70 99 
Payments(2)(56)(24)(86)(168)
December 31, 2021$13 $— $— $$14 
(a)Included in Accrued expenses and other liabilities on the Consolidated Balance Sheets.
(b)Included in Accounts payable on the Consolidated Balance Sheets.

The Company has committed to repurchase the completed property located in Las Vegas, Nevada, from third-party developers subject to the property meeting the Company’s vacation ownership resort standards and provided that the third-party developers have not sold the property to another party. The maximum potential future payments that the Company may be required to make under these commitments was $59$65 million as of December 31, 2020.2021.

12.    Property and Equipment, net
Property and equipment, net, as of December 31, consisted of (in millions):
20202019
Land$30 $28 
Building and leasehold improvements591 572 
Furniture, fixtures and equipment207 218 
Capitalized software694 652 
Finance leases14 14 
Construction in progress12 40 
Total property and equipment1,548 1,524 
Less: Accumulated depreciation and amortization882 844 
Property and equipment, net$666 $680 
20212020
Capitalized software$707 $694 
Building and leasehold improvements653 591 
Furniture, fixtures and equipment204 207 
Land30 30 
Finance leases20 14 
Construction in progress18 12 
Total property and equipment1,632 1,548 
Less: Accumulated depreciation and amortization943 882 
Property and equipment, net$689 $666 

During 2021, 2020, 2019, and 2018,2019, the Company recorded depreciation and amortization expense from continuing operations of $115 million, $117 million, $113 million, and $126$113 million related to property and equipment. As of December 31, 20202021 and 2019,2020, the Company had accrued capital expenditures of $3$1 million and $2$3 million.

13. Leases
The Company adopted the new Leases accounting standard as of January 1, 2019, resulting in the recognition of $158 million of right-of-use assets and $200 million of related lease liabilities. Right-of-use assets were decreased by $42 million of tenant improvement allowances and deferred rent balances reclassified from other liabilities. Both the right-of-use assets and related lease liabilities recognized upon adoption included $21 million associated with the Company’s held-for-sale business. The new standard requires a lessee to recognize right-of-use assets and lease liabilities on the balance sheet for all lease obligations and disclose key information about leasing arrangements, such as the amount, timing, and uncertainty of cash flows arising from leases. The Company adopted the standard using the modified retrospective

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approach; therefore, prior year financial statements were not recast. The Company elected the package of transition provisions available for expired or existing contracts, which allowed the Company to carryforward its historical assessments of (i) whether contracts are leases or contain leases, (ii) lease classification, and (iii) initial direct costs.

13. Leases
The Company leases property and equipment under finance and operating leases for its corporate headquarters, administrative functions, marketing and sales offices, and various other facilities and equipment. For leases with terms greater than 12 months, the Company records the related asset and obligation at the present value of lease payments over the term. Many of its leases include rental escalation clauses, lease incentives, renewal options and/or termination options that are factored into the Company’s determination of lease payments. The Company elected the hindsight practical expedient to determine the reasonably certain lease term for existing leases. The Company also made an accounting policy election to keep leases with an initial term of 12 months or less off the balance sheet and recognize the associated lease payments on a straight-line basis over the lease term in the statementsConsolidated Statements of (loss)/income.Income/(Loss).

When available, the Company uses the rate implicit in the lease to discount lease payments to present value; however, most of its leases do not provide a readily determinable implicit rate. Therefore, the Company must estimate its incremental borrowing rate to discount the lease payments based on information available at lease commencement. The majority of the Company’s leases have remaining lease terms of one to 20 years, some of which include options to extend the leases for up to 10 years, and some of which include options to terminate the leases within one year.

The table below presents information related to the lease costs for finance and operating leases for the yearyears ended December 31, (in millions):
20202019
Operating lease cost$30 $37 
Short-term lease cost$14 $23 
Finance lease cost:
Amortization of right-of-use assets$$
Interest on lease liabilities
Total finance lease cost$$
202120202019
Operating lease cost$22 $30 $37 
Short-term lease cost$13 $14 $23 
Finance lease cost:
Amortization of right-of-use assets$$$
Interest on lease liabilities— — — 
Total finance lease cost$$$

The table below presents the lease-related assets and liabilities recorded on the balance sheet:
Balance Sheet ClassificationDecember 31, 2020December 31, 2019
Operating Leases (in millions):
Operating lease right-of-use assetsOther assets$92 $136 
Operating lease liabilitiesAccrued expenses and other liabilities$157 $180 
Finance Leases (in millions):
Finance lease assets (a)
Property and equipment, net$$
Finance lease liabilitiesDebt$$
Weighted Average Remaining Lease Term:
Operating leases7.1 years7.8 years
Finance leases2.6 years2.8 years
Weighted Average Discount Rate:
Operating leases (b)
5.9 %6.2 %
Finance leases5.6 %4.2 %

Consolidated Balance Sheets:
Balance Sheet ClassificationDecember 31, 2021December 31, 2020
Operating Leases (in millions):
Operating lease right-of-use assetsOther assets$79 $92 
Operating lease liabilitiesAccrued expenses and other liabilities$136 $157 
Finance Leases (in millions):
Finance lease assets (a)
Property and equipment, net$10 $
Finance lease liabilitiesDebt$$
Weighted Average Remaining Lease Term:
Operating leases6.4 years7.1 years
Finance leases2.6 years2.6 years
Weighted Average Discount Rate:
Operating leases (b)
5.8 %5.9 %
Finance leases4.4 %5.6 %
(a)Presented net of accumulated depreciation.
(b)Upon adoption of the new lease standard, discount rates used for existing leases were established at January 1, 2019.


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The table below presents supplemental cash flow information related to leases for the yearyears ended December 31, (in millions):
20202019
Cash paid for amounts included in the measurement of lease liabilities:
Operating cash flows from operating leases$36 $48 
Operating cash flows from finance leases
Financing cash flows from finance leases
Right-of-use assets obtained in exchange for lease obligations:
Operating leases$$
Finance leases
202120202019
Cash paid for amounts included in the measurement of lease liabilities:
Operating cash flows from operating leases$36 $36 $48 
Operating cash flows from finance leases— — — 
Financing cash flows from finance leases
Right-of-use assets obtained in exchange for lease obligations:
Operating leases$$$
Finance leases

The table below presents maturities of lease liabilities as of December 31, 20202021 (in millions):
Operating LeasesFinance
Leases
2021$35 $
202230 
202328 
202427 
202523 
Thereafter49 
Total minimum lease payments192 
Less: Amount of lease payments representing interest(35)(1)
Present value of future minimum lease payments$157 $
Operating LeasesFinance
Leases
2022$32 $
202330 
202428 
202524 — 
202614 — 
Thereafter35 — 
Total minimum lease payments163 10 
Less: Amount of lease payments representing interest(27)(1)
Present value of future minimum lease payments$136 $

Due to the impact of COVID-19 during 2020, the Company decided to abandon the remaining portion of its administrative offices in New Jersey. In 2020, the Company was also notified that Wyndham Hotels exercised its early termination rights under the sublease agreement for this building. As a result, the Company recorded $22 million of restructuring charges associated with non-lease components of the office space and $24 million of impairment charges associated with the write-off of right-of-use assets and furniture, fixtures and equipment. Additionally during 2020, the Company incurred $5 million of impairment charges related to right-of-use assets at closed sales centers within its Vacation Ownership segment, and $1 million of restructuring charges at each of the Vacation Ownership and corporate segments related to right-of-use assets at its corporate headquarters.

Subsequent to the Spin-off and in accordance with the Company’s decision to further reduce its corporate footprint, the Company focused on rationalizing existing facilities which included abandoning portions of its administrative offices in New Jersey. As a result, during 2019 the Company recorded $12 million of non-cash impairment charges associated with the write-off of right-of-use assets and furniture, fixtures and equipment. During 2019, the Company also entered into an early termination agreement for an operating lease in Chicago, Illinois, resulting in $6 million of non-cash impairment charges associated with the write-off of right-of-use assets, related lease liabilities, and furniture, fixtures and equipment. These charges were offset by a $9 million indemnification receivable from Wyndham Hotels. Such amounts are included within Separation and related costs on the Consolidated Statements of Income/(Loss)/Income.

Due. Refer to Note 27—Impairments and Other Charges for additional information on the impact of COVID-19 during 2020, the Company decided to abandon the remaining portion of its administrative offices in New Jersey. The Company was also notified that Wyndham Hotels exercised its early termination rights under the sublease agreement for this building. As a result, the Company recorded $22 million of restructuring charges associated with non-lease components of the office space and $24 million of impairment charges associated with the write-off of right-of-use assets and furniture, fixtures and equipment. Additionally during 2020, the Company incurred $5 million of impairment chargesCompany’s lease related to right-of-use assets at closed sales centers within its Vacation Ownership segment, and $1 million of restructuring charges at each of the Vacation Ownership and corporate segments related to right-of-use assets at its corporate headquarters.

impairments.

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14.    Other Assets
Other assets, as of December 31, consisted of (in millions):
20202019
Right-of-use assets$92 $136 
Deferred costs90 106 
Non-trade receivables, net77 82 
Deferred tax asset27 26 
Investments26 35 
Tax receivables20 34 
Deposits20 15 
Marketable securities10 
Other26 30 
$387 $474 
20212020
Deferred costs$81 $90 
Right-of-use assets79 92 
Non-trade receivables, net57 77 
Marketable securities27 
Deferred tax asset25 27 
Investments21 26 
Deposits19 20 
Tax receivables20 
Other25 26 
$339 $387 

15.    Accrued Expenses and Other Liabilities
Accrued expenses and other liabilities, as of December 31, consisted of (in millions):
20202019
Accrued payroll and related costs$166 $205 
Lease liabilities (a)
157 180 
Accrued taxes73 86 
Guarantees67 72 
Inventory sale obligation (b)
66 43 
Accrued interest65 41 
Accrued advertising and marketing61 54 
Payables associated with separation and sale of business activities39 41 
Resort related obligations39 33 
Restructuring liabilities (c)
26 
Accrued VOI maintenance fees24 19 
Deferred consideration21 44 
Accrued legal and professional fees20 22 
Accrued legal settlements13 13 
Customer advances10 20 
Accrued separation costs14 
COVID-19 liabilities (d)
Accrued other69 79 
$929 $973 

20212020
Accrued payroll and related costs$209 $166 
Lease liabilities (a)
136 157 
Accrued taxes106 73 
Guarantees67 67 
Resort related obligations54 39 
Accrued interest53 65 
Deferred consideration52 21 
Payables associated with separation and sale of business activities39 39 
Accrued advertising and marketing34 61 
Accrued VOI maintenance fees29 24 
Restructuring liabilities (b)
22 26 
Accrued legal and professional fees21 20 
Accrued legal settlements19 13 
Inventory sale obligation (c)
13 66 
Customer advances10 10 
Accrued separation costs— 
COVID-19 liabilities (d)
Accrued other74 69 
$939 $929 
(a)See Note 13—Leases for details.
(b)See Note 11—28—InventoryRestructuring for details.
(c)See Note 28—11—RestructuringInventory for details.
(d)See Note 26—COVID-19 Related Items for details.


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16.    Debt
The Company’s indebtedness, as of December 31, consisted of (in millions):
20202019
Non-recourse vacation ownership debt: (a)
Term notes (b)
$1,893 $1,969 
AUD/NZD bank conduit facility (due September 2021) (c)
173 64 
USD bank conduit facility (due October 2022) (d)
168 508 
Total$2,234 $2,541 
Debt: (e)
$1.0 billion secured revolving credit facility (due May 2023) (f)
$547 $
$300 million secured term loan B (due May 2025) (g)
291 293 
$40 million 7.375% secured notes (due March 2020)40 
$250 million 5.625% secured notes (due March 2021)250 249 
$650 million 4.25% secured notes (due March 2022) (h)
650 649 
$400 million 3.90% secured notes (due March 2023) (i)
402 404 
$300 million 5.65% secured notes (due April 2024) (j)
299 298 
$350 million 6.60% secured notes (due October 2025) (k)
344 342 
$650 million 6.625% secured notes (due July 2026)641 
$400 million 6.00% secured notes (due April 2027) (l)
408 409 
$350 million 4.625% secured notes (due March 2030)345 345 
Finance leases
Total$4,184 $3,034 

20212020
Non-recourse vacation ownership debt: (a)
Term notes (b)
$1,614 $1,893 
USD bank conduit facility (due October 2022) (c)
190 168 
AUD/NZD bank conduit facility (due April 2023) (d)
130 173 
Total$1,934 $2,234 
Debt: (e)
$1.0 billion secured revolving credit facility (due October 2026) (f)
$— $547 
$300 million secured term loan B (due May 2025) (g)
288 291 
$250 million 5.625% secured notes (due March 2021)— 250 
$650 million 4.25% secured notes (due March 2022) (h)
— 650 
$400 million 3.90% secured notes (due March 2023) (i)
401 402 
$300 million 5.65% secured notes (due April 2024)299 299 
$350 million 6.60% secured notes (due October 2025) (j)
345 344 
$650 million 6.625% secured notes (due July 2026)643 641 
$400 million 6.00% secured notes (due April 2027) (k)
407 408 
$650 million 4.50% secured notes (due December 2029)641 — 
$350 million 4.625% secured notes (due March 2030)346 345 
Finance leases
Total$3,379 $4,184 
(a)Represents non-recourse debt that is securitized through bankruptcy-remote special purpose entities (“SPEs”), the creditors of which have no recourse to the Company for principal and interest. These outstanding borrowings (which legally are not liabilities of the Company) are collateralized by $2.57$2.17 billion and $3.12$2.57 billion of underlying gross VOCRs and related assets (which legally are not assets of the Company) as of December 31, 20202021 and 2019.2020.
(b)The carrying amounts of the term notes are net of debt issuance costs of $21$18 million and $23$21 million as of December 31, 20202021 and 2019.2020.
(c)The Company has a borrowing capacity of 255 million Australian dollars (“AUD”) and 48 million New Zealand dollars (“NZD”) under the AUD/NZD bank conduit facility through September 2021. Borrowings under this facility are required to be repaid no later than September 2023.
(d)The Company has a borrowing capacity of $800 million under the USD bank conduit facility through October 2022. Borrowings under this facility are required to be repaid as the collateralized receivables amortize but no later than November 2023.
(d)The Company has a borrowing capacity of 250 million Australian dollars (“AUD”) and 48 million New Zealand dollars (“NZD”) under the AUD/NZD bank conduit facility through April 2023. Borrowings under this facility are required to be repaid no later than May 2025.
(e)The carrying amounts of the secured notes and term loan are net of unamortized discounts of $16$20 million and $12$16 million as of December 31, 20202021 and 2019,2020, and net of unamortized debt financing costs of $8 million and $7 million as of December 31, 20202021 and 2019.2020.
(f)The weighted average effective interest rate on borrowings from this facility was 3.02%3.19% and 5.19%3.02% as of December 31, 20202021 and 2019.2020. In late March 2020, the Company drew down its $1.0 billion secured revolving credit facility as a precautionary measure due to COVID-19. The Company used a portionAs of the proceeds from the issuance of the $650 million secured notes to repay a portion of this debt. At December 31, 2020, the Company had $1.2 billion in Cash and cash equivalents on the Consolidated Balance Sheet.2021, these borrowings have been repaid.
(g)The weighted average effective interest rate on borrowings from this facility was 2.93%2.39% and 4.71%2.93% as of December 31, 20202021 and 2019.2020.
(h)Includes less than $1 million and $1 million of unamortized gains from the settlement of a derivative as of December 31, 2020 and 2019.2020.
(i)Includes $3$2 million and $5$3 million of unamortized gains from the settlement of a derivative as of December 31, 20202021 and 2019.2020.
(j)Effective October 1, 2020, the interest rate of these notes were increased from 5.40% to 5.65% as a result of the Company’s corporate notes being downgraded on May 6, 2020.
(k)Effective October 1, 2020, the interest rate of these notes were increased from 6.35% to 6.60% as a result of the Company’s corporate notes being downgraded on May 6, 2020. Includes $5$4 million and $6$5 million of unamortized losses from the settlement of a derivative as of December 31, 20202021 and 2019.2020.
(l)(k)Effective October 1, 2020, the interest rate of these notes were increased from 5.75% to 6.00% as a result of the Company’s corporate notes being downgraded on May 6, 2020. Includes $11$9 million and $13$11 million of unamortized gains from the settlement of a derivative as of December 31, 20202021 and 2019.2020.


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Maturities and Capacity
The Company’s outstanding debt as of December 31, 20202021, matures as follows (in millions):
Non-recourse Vacation Ownership DebtDebtTotal
Within 1 year$369 $256 

$625 
Between 1 and 2 years341 656 997 
Between 2 and 3 years223 954 1,177 
Between 3 and 4 years224 301 525 
Between 4 and 5 years241 622 863 
Thereafter836 1,395 2,231 
$2,234 $4,184 $6,418 
Non-recourse Vacation Ownership DebtDebtTotal
Within 1 year$424 $

$431 
Between 1 and 2 years234 407 641 
Between 2 and 3 years201 303 504 
Between 3 and 4 years201 625 826 
Between 4 and 5 years214 643 857 
Thereafter660 1,394 2,054 
$1,934 $3,379 $5,313 

Required principal payments on the non-recourse vacation ownership debt are based on the contractual repayment terms of the underlying VOCRs. Actual maturities may differ as a result of prepayments by the VOCR obligors.

As of December 31, 2020,2021, the available capacity under the Company’s borrowing arrangements was as follows (in millions):
Non-recourse Conduit Facilities (a)
Revolving
Credit Facilities (b)
Total capacity$1,031 $1,000 
Less: Outstanding borrowings341 547 
Less: Letters of credit96 
Available capacity$690 $357 

Non-recourse Conduit Facilities (a)
Revolving
Credit Facilities (b)
Total capacity$1,018 $1,000 
Less: Outstanding borrowings320 — 
Less: Letters of credit— 
Available capacity$698 $998 
(a)Consists of the Company’s USD bank conduit facility and AUD/NZD bank conduit facility. The capacity of these facilities is subject to the Company’s ability to provide additional assets to collateralize additional non-recourse borrowings.
(b)Consists of the Company’s $1.0 billion secured revolving credit facility.

Non-recourse Vacation Ownership Debt
As discussed in Note 17—Variable Interest Entities, the Company issues debt through the securitization of VOCRs.

Sierra Timeshare 2020-12021-1 Receivables Funding, LLC. On April 29, 2020,March 8, 2021, the Company closed on a private securitization financing,placement of a series of term notes payable, issued by Sierra Timeshare 2020-12021-1 Receivables Fundings LLC, with an initial principal amount of $325$500 million, which are secured by VOCRs and bearing interest at a floating interestweighted average coupon rate of 3.50% as of December 31, 20201.57%. The advance rate for this transaction was 85%98%. As of December 31, 2020,2021, the Company had $222$316 million of outstanding borrowings under these term notes, net of debt issuance costs.

Sierra Timeshare 2020-22021-2 Receivables Funding LLC. On August 13, 2020,October 26, 2021, the Company closed on a placement of a series of term notes payable, issued by Sierra Timeshare 2020-22021-2 Receivables Funding LLC, with an initial principal amount of $575$350 million, which are secured by VOCRs and bearbearing interest at a weighted average coupon rate of 2.81%1.82%. The advance rate for this transaction was 90%98%. As of December 31, 2020,2021, the Company had $479$309 million of outstanding borrowings under these term notes, net of debt issuance costs.

Term Notes. In addition to the 20202021 term notes described above, as of December 31, 2020,2021, the Company had $1.19 billion$989 million of outstanding non-recourse borrowings, net of debt issuance costs, under term notes entered into prior to December 31, 2019.2020. The Company’s non-recourse term notes include fixed and floating rate term notes for which the weighted average interest rate was 4.5%3.9%, 4.5%, and 4.1%4.5% during 2021, 2020, 2019, and 2018.2019.

USD bank conduit facility. The Company has a non-recourse timeshare receivables conduit facility with a total capacity of $800 million and bears interest at variable rates based on the base rate or the LIBOR rate plus a spread. On October 27, 2020, the Company renewed the facility, extending the end of the commitment period from August 30, 2021 to October 31, 2022 and making certain other amendments, including to the advance rate, the LIBOR replacement mechanism, certain default and delinquency triggers, the applicable commercial paper rate and certain concentration limits. The facility bears

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bearing interest based on variable commercial paper rates plus a spread or LIBOR (or a successor rate), plus a spread. Borrowings under this facility are required to be repaid as the collateralized receivables amortize, no later than November 2023. As of December 31, 2020,2021, the Company had $168$190 million of outstanding borrowings under these term notes.this facility.


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AUD/NZD bank conduit facility. TheOn April 27, 2021, the Company has arenewed its AUD/NZD non-recourse timeshare receivables conduit facility, withextending the commitment period from September 2021 to April 2023. The renewal included a total capacityreduction of the AUD borrowing from A$255 million andto A$250 million, while the NZD capacity remained unchanged at NZ$48 million, whichmillion. The facility is secured by VOCRs and bears interest at variable rates based on the Bank Bill Swap Bid Rate plus 1.50%1.65%. Borrowings under this facility are required to be repaid no later than September 2023.May 2025. As of December 31, 2020,2021, the Company had $173$130 million of outstanding borrowings under these term notes.this facility.

As of December 31, 2020,2021, the Company’s non-recourse vacation ownership debt of $2.23$1.93 billion was collateralized by $2.57$2.17 billion of underlying gross VOCRs and related assets. Additional usage of the capacity of the Company’s non-recourse bank conduit facilities are subject to the Company’s ability to provide additional assets to collateralize such facilities. The combined weighted average interest rate on the Company’s total non-recourse vacation ownership debt was 4.2%4.0%, 4.4%4.2%, and 4.2%4.4% during 2021, 2020, 2019, and 2018.2019.

Debt
$1.0 billion Revolving Credit Facility and $300 million Term Loan B. In 2018, the Company entered into a credit agreement with Bank of America, N.A. as administrative agent and collateral agent. The agreement providesprovided for new senior secured credit facilities in the amount of $1.3 billion, consisting of the secured term loan B of $300 million maturing in 2025 and a new secured revolving facility of $1.0 billion maturing in 2023.2026. On October 22, 2021, the Company entered the Second Amendment which renewed the credit agreement governing its $1.0 billion revolving credit facility and term loan B, extending the end of the commitment period of the revolving credit facility from May 2023 to October 2026. The Second Amendment reestablished the annual interest rate pricing construct in existence prior to the First Amendment which is equal to, at the Company’s option, either a base rate plus a margin ranging from 0.75% to 1.25% or LIBOR plus a margin ranging from 1.75% to 2.25%, in either case based upon the Company’s first lien leverage ratio. The interest rate per annum applicable to term loan B is equal to, at the Company’s option, either a base rate plus a margin of 1.25% or LIBOR plus a margin of 2.25%. The Second Amendment also includes customary LIBOR transition language providing for alternate interest rate per annum applicable to borrowings underoptions upon the revolving credit facility prior to and after the Relief Period terminates (as per the credit agreement amendment) is equal to, at the Company’s option, either a base rate plus a margin ranging from 0.75% to 1.25% orcessation of LIBOR plus a margin ranging from 1.75% to 2.25%, however, during the Relief Period, the margin ranges are 0.75% to 1.75% for base rates and 1.75% to 2.75% for LIBOR based rates. The LIBOR rate with respect to either term loan B or the revolving credit facility borrowings are subject to a “floor” of 0.00%.publication. As of December 31, 2020,2021, the Company’s interest rate per annum applicable to term loan B and borrowings under the revolving credit facility was the applicable LIBOR based rate plus a margin of 2.25%.

InAs of December 31, 2021, the security agreement that exists in connection with thisthe credit agreement the Company entered into a security agreement withnames Bank of America N.A., as collateral agent ason behalf of the secured parties (as defined in the security agreement, for the secured parties.agreement), and has been in force since May 31 2018. The security agreement grantedgrants a security interest in the collateral of the Company (as defined in the security agreement) and addedincludes the holders of Travel + Leisure’s outstanding 7.375% notes due 2020, 5.625% notes due 2021, 4.25% notes due 2022,Leisure Co.'s 3.90% notes due 2023, 5.65% notes due 2024, 6.60% notes due 2025, and6.625% notes due 2026, 6.00% notes due 2027, 4.50% notes due 2029, and the 4.625% notes due 2030, as “secured parties,parties.as defined in the security agreement, thatThese noteholders share equally and ratably in the collateral (as defined in the security agreement) owned by the Company for so long as the indebtedness under the credit agreement is secured by such collateral.

The interest rates on the aforementioned notes reflect increases resulting fromfor those notes that were impacted by the rating agency downgrades of the Company’s corporate notes. Pursuant to the terms of the indentures governing such rating sensitive series of notes, the interest rate on each such series of notes may be subject to future increases or decreases, as a result of future downgrades or upgrades to the credit ratings of such notes by Standard & Poor’s Rating Services (“S&P”), Moody’s Investors Services, Inc. (“Moody’s”), or a substitute rating agency. Since issuance, the interest rates on thesethe impacted notes have increased 150 basis points as of December 31, 2020,2021, with a maximum potential for additional increase of 50 basis points.

Secured Notes. On July 24, 2020,November 18, 2021, the Company issued secured notes, with a face value of $650 million and an interest rate of 6.625%4.5%, for net proceeds of $643 million. Debt discount and deferred financing costs were collectively $9 million, which will be amortized over the life of the notes. Interest is payable semi-annually in arrears on the notes.arrears. The notes will mature on July 31, 2026,December 1, 2029, and are redeemable at the Company’s option at a redemption price equal to the greater of (i) the sum of the principal being redeemed, and (ii) a “make-whole” price specified in the Indentureindenture and the notes, plus, in each case, accrued and unpaid interest. The net proceeds will beof this offering, together with cash on hand, was used for general corporate purposes, which may include the repayment of outstanding indebtedness under its secured revolving credit facility, the future repaymentto redeem all of the Company’s 5.625%$650 million 4.25% secured notes due March 20212022, and to pay the payment of related fees and expenses. In the third quarter, the Company used a portion of the secured notes proceeds to repay $350 million of its indebtedness under the secured revolving credit facility.

As of December 31, 2020,2021, the Company had $2.7$2.44 billion of outstanding secured notes issued prior to December 31, 2019.2020. Interest on these notes is payable semi-annually in arrears on the notes.arrears. The notes are redeemable at the Company’s option at a redemption price equal to the greater of (i) the sum of the principal being redeemed, and (ii) a “make-whole” price specified in the Indentureindenture of the notes, plus, in each case, accrued and unpaid interest. These notes rank equally in right of payment with all of the Company’s other secured indebtedness.


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Deferred Financing Costs
The Company classifies debt issuance costs related to its revolving credit facilities and the bank conduit facilities within Other assets on the Consolidated Balance Sheets. Such costs were $10 million and $11 million as of December 31, 20202021 and 2019.2020.

Fair Value Hedges
During 2017, the Company entered into pay-variable/receive-fixed interest rate swap agreements on its 6.00% secured notes with notional amounts of $400 million. The fixed interest rates on these notes were effectively modified to a variable LIBOR-based index. During 2019, the Company terminated these swap agreements resulting in a gain of $13 million which will be amortized over the remaining life of the secured notes as a reduction to Interest expense on the Consolidated Statements of Income/(Loss)/Income.. The Company had $11$9 million and $13$11 million of deferred gains associated with this transaction as of December 31, 20202021 and 2019,2020, which are included within Debt on the Consolidated Balance Sheets.

During 2013, the Company entered into pay-variable/receive-fixed interest rate swap agreements on its 3.90% and 4.25% senior unsecured notes with notional amounts of $400 million and $100 million. The fixed interest rates on these notes were effectively modified to a variable LIBOR-based index. During May 2015, the Company terminated the swap agreements resulting in a gain of $17 million, which is being amortized over the remaining life of the senior unsecuredsecured notes as a reduction to Interest expense on the Consolidated Statements of Income/(Loss)/Income.. The Company had $4$2 million and $6$4 million of deferred gains as of December 31, 20202021 and 2019,2020, which are included within Debt on the Consolidated Balance Sheets.

Debt Covenants
The revolving credit facilities and term loan B are subject to covenants including the maintenance of specific financial ratios as defined in the credit agreement. The original financial ratio covenants consist of a minimum interest coverage ratio of at leastno less than 2.5 to 1.0 as of the measurement date and a maximum first lien leverage ratio not to exceed 4.25 to 1.0 as of the measurement date. The interest coverage ratio is calculated by dividing consolidated EBITDA (as defined in the credit agreement) by consolidated interest expense (as defined in the credit agreement), both as measured on a trailing 12-month basis preceding the measurement date. The first lien leverage ratio is calculated by dividing consolidated first lien debt (as defined in the credit agreement) as of the measurement date by consolidated EBITDA (as defined in the credit agreement) as measured on a trailing 12-month basis preceding the measurement date.

On July 15, 2020, the Company entered into an amendmentthe First Amendment to the Company’s credit agreement (“Credit Agreement Amendment”).governing its revolving credit facility and term loan B. The Credit AgreementFirst Amendment established a relief periodRelief Period with respect to the Company’s secured revolving credit facility, which commenced on July 15, 2020, and willwas scheduled to end on April 1, 2022, or upon termination by the Company of the relief period, subject to certain conditions.2022. The Credit AgreementFirst Amendment increased the existing leverage-based financial covenant of 4.25 to 1.0 by varying levels for each applicable quarter during the Relief Period. As of December 31, 2020,Among other changes, the Credit AgreementFirst Amendment increased the maximum first lien leverage ratio to 7.50 to 1.0. Following the Relief Period, the Credit Agreement Amendment reestablishes the existing leverage-based financial covenant of 4.25 to 1.0, tested on the basis of trailing 12-month consolidated EBITDA (as defined in the credit agreement). In addition, the Credit Agreement Amendment, among other things, increased the interest rate applicable to borrowings under the Company’s secured revolving credit facility utilizing a tiered pricing grid based on the Company’s first lien leverage ratio in any quarter it exceedsexceeded 4.25 to 1.0, until the end of the Relief Period; added a new minimum liquidity covenant, tested quarterly until the end of the Relief Period, of (i) $250 million plus (ii) 50% of the aggregate amount of dividends paid after the effective date of the Credit AgreementFirst Amendment and on or prior to the last day of the relevant fiscal quarter; and requiresrequired the Company and its subsidiaries to maintain an interest coverage ratio (as defined in the credit agreement) of notno less than 2.002.0 to 1.0, which shall increase to 2.50 to 1.0 after the Relief Period, the level existing prior to the effective date of the Credit Agreement Amendment. Finally, the Credit Agreement1.0. The First Amendment amendsamended the definition of “Material Adverse Effect” in the credit agreement to take into consideration the impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic during the Relief Period, to the extent disclosed prior to July 15, 2020, in the Company’s public filings and certain other specified materials.Period. The Relief Period includesincluded certain restrictions on the use of cash including the prohibition of share repurchases until such time asrepurchases. Finally, the Company chooses to exercise its option to exit the amendment. Additionally, the amendment limitsFirst Amendment limited the payout of dividends during the Relief Period to not exceed $0.50 per share, the rate in effect prior to the amendment.

Under the First Amendment to the credit agreement, if the first lien leverage ratio exceeded 4.25 to 1.0, the interest rate on revolver borrowings would increase, and the Company would be subject to higher fees associated with its letters of credit, both of which were based on a tiered pricing grid. Given the first lien leverage ratio at December 31, 2020, the fees associated with letters of credit and the interest rate on the revolver borrowings increased 25 basis points effective March 1, 2021, until the Relief period was terminated by the Second Amendment on October 22, 2021.

The Company hasSecond Amendment stipulated a first lien leverage ratio financial covenant not to exceed 4.75 to 1.0 commencing with the optionDecember 31, 2021 period through June 30, 2022, after which time it will return to terminate4.25 to 1.0, the level in existence prior to the effective date of the First Amendment. The Second Amendment also increased the interest coverage ratio (as defined in the credit agreement) to no less than 2.5 to 1.0, the level existing prior to the effective date of the First

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Amendment, and eliminated restrictions regarding share repurchases, dividends, acquisitions, and the Relief Period at any time it can demonstrate complianceminimum liquidity covenant. In connection with entering the 4.25Second Amendment, the Company resumed share repurchases during the fourth quarter of 2021.

The Second Amendment reestablished the tiered pricing grid that was in place prior to 1.0the First Amendment. The interest rate on revolver borrowings and fees associated with letters of credit are subject to future changes based on the Company’s first lien leverage ratio.ratio which could serve to further reduce the interest rate if the ratio were to decrease to 3.75 to 1.0 or below.

As of December 31, 2020,2021, the Company’s interest coverage ratio was 3.04.00 to 1.0 and the first lien leverage ratio was 5.43.99 to 1.0. These ratios do not include interest expense or indebtedness related to any qualified securitization financing (as defined in the credit agreement). As of December 31, 2020,2021, the Company was in compliance with all of the financial

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covenants described above. Under the Credit Agreement Amendment, if the first lien leverage ratio exceeds 4.25 to 1.0, the interest rate on revolver borrowings would increase, and the Company would be subject to higher fees associated with its letters of credit. Given the first lien leverage ratio at December 31, 2020, the interest rate on the revolver borrowings will increase 25 basis points effective March 1, 2021. This interest rate is subject to future changes based on the Company’s first lien ratio which could serve to further increase the rate up to an additional 25 basis points, or reduce this rate.

Each of the Company’s non-recourse securitized term notes, and the bank conduit facilities contain various triggers relating to the performance of the applicable loan pools. If the VOCR pool that collateralizes one of the Company’s securitization notes fails to perform within the parameters established by the contractual triggers (such as higher default or delinquency rates), there are provisions pursuant to which the cash flows for that pool will be maintained in the securitization as extra collateral for the note holders or applied to accelerate the repayment of outstanding principal to the note holders. As of December 31, 2020,2021, all of the Company’s securitized loan pools were in compliance with applicable contractual triggers.

Interest Expense
The Company incurred interest expense of $192$198 million during 2020. Such amount consisted primarily2021, consisting of interest on debt, excluding non-recourse vacation ownership debt, and includedincluding an offset of less than $1 million of capitalized interest. Cash paid related to such interest was $207 million.

The Company incurred interest expense of $192 million during 2020, consisting of interest on debt, excluding non-recourse vacation ownership debt, and including an offset of $1 million of capitalized interest. Cash paid related to such interest was $163 million.

The Company incurred interest expense of $162 million during 2019. Such amount consisted primarily2019, consisting of interest on debt, excluding non-recourse vacation ownership debt, and includedincluding an offset of $3 million of capitalized interest. Cash paid related to such interest was $158 million.

The Company incurred interest expense of $170 million during 2018. Such amount consisted primarily of interest on debt, excluding non-recourse vacation ownership debt, and included an offset of $2 million of capitalized interest. Cash paid related to such interest was $159 million.

Interest expense incurred in connection with the Company’s non-recourse vacation ownership debt was $81 million, $101 million, and $106 million during 2021, 2020, and $88 million during 2020, 2019, and 2018, and is reported within Consumer financing interest on the Consolidated Statements of Income/(Loss)/Income.. Cash paid related to such interest was $56 million, $74 million, and $81 million during 2021, 2020, and $58 million during 2020, 2019, and 2018.2019.

17.    Variable Interest Entities
In accordance with the applicable accounting guidance for the consolidation of a VIE, theThe Company analyzes its variable interests, including loans, guarantees, SPEs, and equity investments, to determine if an entity in which the Company has a variable interest is a VIE. If the entity is considereddeemed to be a VIE, the Company determines whether it would be considered the entity’s primary beneficiary. The Company consolidates into its financial statements those VIEs for which it has determined that itthe Company is the primary beneficiary.

Vacation Ownership Contract Receivables Securitizations
The Company pools qualifying VOCRs and sells them to bankruptcy-remote entities. VOCRs qualify for securitization based primarily on the credit strength of the VOI purchaser to whom financing has been extended. VOCRs are securitized through bankruptcy-remote SPEs that are consolidated within the Consolidated Financial Statements. As a result, the Company does not recognize gains or losses resulting from these securitizations at the time of sale to the SPEs. Interest income is recognized when earned over the contractual life of the VOCRs. The Company services the securitized VOCRs pursuant to servicing agreements negotiated on an arm’s-length basis based on market conditions. The activities of these SPEs are limited to (i) purchasing VOCRs from the Company’s vacation ownership subsidiaries, (ii) issuing debt securities and/or borrowing under a conduit facility to fund such purchases, and (iii) entering into derivatives to hedge interest rate exposure. The bankruptcy-remote SPEs are legally separate from the Company. The receivables held by the bankruptcy-remote SPEs are not available to creditors of the Company and legally are not assets of the Company. Additionally, the non-recourse debt that is securitized through the SPEs is legally not a liability of the Company and thus, the creditors of these SPEs have no recourse to the Company for principal and interest.


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The assets and liabilities of these vacation ownership SPEs are as follows (in millions):
December 31,
2020
December 31,
2019
Securitized contract receivables, gross (a)
$2,458 $2,984 
Securitized restricted cash (b)
92 110 
Interest receivables on securitized contract receivables (c)
23 25 
Other assets (d)
Total SPE assets2,578 3,123 
Non-recourse term notes (e)(f)
1,893 1,969 
Non-recourse conduit facilities (e)
341 572 
Other liabilities (g)
Total SPE liabilities2,236 2,545 
SPE assets in excess of SPE liabilities$342 $578 

December 31,
2021
December 31,
2020
Securitized contract receivables, gross (a)
$2,061 $2,458 
Securitized restricted cash (b)
84 92 
Interest receivables on securitized contract receivables (c)
17 23 
Other assets (d)
Total SPE assets2,166 2,578 
Non-recourse term notes (e)(f)
1,614 1,893 
Non-recourse conduit facilities (e)
320 341 
Other liabilities (g)
Total SPE liabilities1,936 2,236 
SPE assets in excess of SPE liabilities$230 $342 
(a)Included in Vacation ownership contract receivables, net on the Consolidated Balance Sheets.
(b)Included in Restricted cash on the Consolidated Balance Sheets.
(c)Included in Trade receivables, net on the Consolidated Balance Sheets.
(d)Primarily includes deferred financing costs for the bank conduit facility and a security investment asset, which is included in Other assets on the Consolidated Balance Sheets.
(e)Included in Non-recourse vacation ownership debt on the Consolidated Balance Sheets.
(f)Includes deferred financing costs of $21$18 million and $23$21 million as of December 31, 20202021 and 2019,2020, related to non-recourse debt.
(g)Primarily includes accrued interest on non-recourse debt, which is included in Accrued expenses and other liabilities on the Consolidated Balance Sheets.

In addition, the Company has VOCRs that have not been securitized through bankruptcy-remote SPEs. Such gross receivables were $717$758 million and $883$717 million as of December 31, 20202021 and 2019.2020. A summary of total vacation ownership receivables and other securitized assets, net of securitized liabilities and the allowance for loan losses, is as follows (in millions):
December 31,
2020
December 31,
2019
SPE assets in excess of SPE liabilities$342 $578 
Non-securitized contract receivables717 883 
Less: Allowance for loan losses693 747 
Total, net$366 $714 

Clearwater, FloridaProperty
During 2015, the Company entered into an agreement with a third-party partner whereby the partner would develop and construct VOI inventory through an SPE. The Company is considered to be the primary beneficiary for specified assets and liabilities of the SPE and, therefore, during 2017 the Company consolidated $51 million of both its Property and equipment, net and Debt on its Consolidated Balance Sheets. During 2018, the Company made its final purchase of VOI inventory from the SPE, and the mortgage note was extinguished.
December 31,
2021
December 31,
2020
SPE assets in excess of SPE liabilities$230 $342 
Non-securitized contract receivables758 717 
Less: Allowance for loan losses510 693 
Total, net$478 $366 

Saint Thomas, U.S. Virgin Islands Property
During 2015, the Company sold real property located in Saint Thomas, U.S. Virgin Islands, to a third-party developer to construct VOI inventory through an SPE. In accordance with the agreements with the third-party developer, the Company has conditional rights and conditional obligations to repurchase the completed property from the developer subject to the property conforming to the Company'sCompany’s vacation ownership resort standards and provided that the third-party developer has not sold the property to another party.

As a result of a disruption to VOI sales caused by the impact of the hurricanes on Saint Thomas, U.S. Virgin Islands, in 2017, there was a change in the economics of the transaction due to a reduction in the fair value of the assets of the SPE. As such, during 2017, the Company was considered the primary beneficiary for specified assets and liabilities of the SPE, and therefore consolidated $64 million of Property and equipment, net and $104 million of Debt on its Consolidated Balance Sheets. As a result of this consolidation, the Company incurred a non-cash $37 million loss due to the write-down

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of property and equipment to fair value. Such loss is presented within Asset impairments on the Consolidated Statements of (Loss)/Income. During 2019, the Company made its final purchase of VOI inventory from the SPE and the debt was extinguished.

During 2020, the SPEs conveyed 0 property and equipment to the Company. The SPEs conveyed $23 million ofno property and equipment to the Company during 2019.either 2021 or 2020.


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18.    Fair Value
The Company measures its financial assets and liabilities at fair value on a recurring basis and utilizes the fair value hierarchy to determine such fair values. Financial assets and liabilities carried at fair value are classified and disclosed in one of the following three categories:

Level 1: Quoted prices for identical instruments in active markets.

Level 2: Quoted prices for similar instruments in active markets; quoted prices for identical or similar instruments in markets that are not active; and model-derived valuations whose inputs are observable or whose significant value driver is observable.

Level 3: Unobservable inputs used when little or no market data is available. In certain cases, the inputs used to measure fair value may fall into different levels of the fair value hierarchy. In such cases, the level in the fair value hierarchy within which the fair value measurement falls has been determined based on the lowest level input (closest to Level 3) that is significant to the fair value measurement. The Company’s assessment of the significance of a particular input to the fair value measurement in its entirety requires judgment, and considers factors specific to the asset or liability.

The Company’s derivative instruments currently consist of interest rate caps and foreign exchange forward contracts. See Note 19—Financial Instruments for additional details.

As of December 31, 2020,2021, the Company had foreign exchange contracts resulting in $3$1 million of assets which are included within Other assets and less than $1 million of liabilities which are included in Accrued expenses and other liabilities on the Consolidated Balance Sheets. On a recurring basis, such assets and liabilities are remeasured at estimated fair value (all of which are Level 2) and thus are equal to the carrying value.

The impact of interest rate caps was immaterial as of December 31, 2021 and 2020.

For assets and liabilities that are measured using quoted prices in active markets, the fair value is the published market price per unit multiplied by the number of units held without consideration of transaction costs. Assets and liabilities that are measured using other significant observable inputs are valued by reference to similar assets and liabilities. For these items, a significant portion of fair value is derived by reference to quoted prices of similar assets and liabilities in active markets. For assets and liabilities that are measured using significant unobservable inputs, fair value is primarily derived using a fair value model, such as a discounted cash flow model.

The fair value of financial instruments is generally determined by reference to market values resulting from trading on a national securities exchange or in an over-the-counter market. In cases where quoted market prices are not available, fair value is based on estimates using present value or other valuation techniques, as appropriate. The carrying amounts of cash and cash equivalents, restricted cash, trade receivables, accounts payable, and accrued expenses and other current liabilities approximate fair value due to the short-term maturities of these assets and liabilities.

The carrying amounts and estimated fair values of all other financial instruments were as follows (in millions):
December 31, 2020December 31, 2019
Carrying
Amount
Estimated Fair ValueCarrying
Amount
Estimated Fair Value
Assets
Vacation ownership contract receivables, net (Level 3)$2,482 $3,035 $3,120 $3,907 
Liabilities
Debt (Level 2)$6,418 $6,705 $5,575 $5,709 
December 31, 2021December 31, 2020
Carrying
Amount
Estimated Fair ValueCarrying
 Amount
Estimated Fair Value
Assets
Vacation ownership contract receivables, net (Level 3)$2,309 $2,858 $2,482 $3,035 
Liabilities
Debt (Level 2)$5,313 $5,514 $6,418 $6,705 


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The Company estimates the fair value of its VOCRs using a discounted cash flow model which it believes is comparable to
the model that an independent third-party would use in the current market. The model uses Level 3 inputs consisting of default rates, prepayment rates, coupon rates, and loan terms for the contract receivables portfolio as key drivers of risk and relative value that, when applied in combination with pricing parameters, determines the fair value of the underlying contract receivables.


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The Company estimates the fair value of its non-recourse vacation ownership debt by obtaining Level 2 inputs comprised of indicative bids from investment banks that actively issue and facilitate the secondary market for timeshare securities. The Company estimates the fair value of its debt, excluding finance leases, using Level 2 inputs based on indicative bids from investment banks and determines the fair value of its secured notes using quoted market prices (such secured notes are not actively traded).

19.    Financial Instruments
The designation of a derivative instrument as a hedge and its ability to meet the hedge accounting criteria determine how the change in fair value of the derivative instrument will be reflected on the Consolidated Financial Statements. A derivative qualifies for hedge accounting if, at inception, the derivative is expected to be highly effective in offsetting the underlying hedged cash flows or fair value, and the hedge documentation standards are fulfilled at the time the Company enters into the derivative contract. A hedge is designated as a cash flow hedge based on the exposure being hedged. The asset or liability value of the derivative will change in tandem with its fair value. Changes in fair value for qualifying cash flow hedges, are recorded in Accumulated other comprehensive loss (“AOCL”). The derivative’s gain or loss is released from AOCL to match the timing of the underlying hedged cash flows effect on earnings. A hedge is designated as a fair value hedge when the derivative is used to manage an exposure to changes in the fair value of a recognized asset or liability. For fair value hedges, the portion of the gain or loss on the derivative instrument designated as a fair value hedge will be recognized in earnings. The Company concurrently records changes in the value of the hedged asset or liability via a basis adjustment to the hedged item. These two changes in fair value offset one another in whole or in part and are reported in the same statement of income line item as the hedged risk.

The Company reviews the effectiveness of its hedging instruments on an ongoing basis, recognizes current period hedge ineffectiveness immediately in earnings and discontinues hedge accounting for any hedge that it no longer considers to be highly effective. The Company recognizes changes in fair value for derivatives not designated as hedges or those not qualifying for hedge accounting in current period earnings. Upon termination of cash flow hedges, the Company releases gains and losses from AOCL based on the timing of the underlying cash flows, unless the termination results from the failure of the intended transaction to occur in the expected time frame. Such untimely transactions require the Company to immediately recognize in earnings gains and losses previously recorded in AOCL.

Changes in interest rates and foreign exchange rates expose the Company to market risk. The Company has usedperiodically uses cash flow and fair value hedges as part of its overall strategy to manage its exposure to market risks associated with fluctuations in interest rates and foreign currency exchange rates. As a matter of policy, the Company only enters into transactions that it believes will be highly effective at offsetting the underlying risk and it does not use derivatives for trading or speculative purposes.

The Company uses the following derivative instruments to mitigate its foreign currency exchange rate and interest rate risks:

Foreign Currency Risk
The Company has foreign currency rate exposure to exchange rate fluctuations worldwide with particular exposure to the euro,Euro, British pound sterling, Australian and Canadian dollars, and Mexican peso. The Company uses freestanding foreign currency forward contracts to manage a portion of its exposure to changes in foreign currency exchange rates associated with its foreign currency denominated receivables, payables, and forecasted earnings of foreign subsidiaries. Additionally, the Company has used foreign currency forward contracts designated as cash flow hedges to manage a portion of its exposure to changes in forecasted foreign currency denominated vendor payments. The amount of gains or losses relating to contracts designated as cash flow hedges that the Company expects to reclassify from AOCL to earnings over the next 12 months is not material.

Interest Rate Risk
A portion of the debt used to finance the Company’s operations is exposed to interest rate fluctuations. The Company periodically uses financial derivatives to strategically adjust its mix of fixed to floating rate debt. The derivative

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instruments utilized include interest rate swaps which convert fixed-rate debt into variable-rate debt (i.e. fair value hedges) and interest rate caps (undesignated hedges) to manage the overall interest cost. For relationships designated as fair value hedges, changes in fair value of the derivatives are recorded in income, with offsetting adjustments to the carrying amount of the hedged debt. As of December 31, 2020,2021, the Company did not have anyhad no interest rate derivatives designated as fair value or cash flow hedges.

The following table summarizes information regarding the

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There were no losses on derivatives recognized in AOCL for the years ended December 31, (in millions):
202020192018
Designated hedging instruments
Foreign exchange contracts$$$(1)
2021, 2020, or 2019.

The following table summarizes information regarding the gains recognized in income on the Company’s freestanding derivatives for the years ended December 31 (in millions):
202020192018
Non-designated hedging instruments
Foreign exchange contracts (a)
$$$

202120202019
Non-designated hedging instruments
Foreign exchange contracts (a)
$$$
(a)Included within Operating expenses on the Consolidated Statements of Income/(Loss)/Income,, which is primarily offset by changes in the value of the underlying assets and liabilities.

Credit Risk and Exposure
The Company is exposed to counterparty credit risk in the event of nonperformance by counterparties to various agreements and sales transactions. The Company manages such risk by evaluating the financial position and creditworthiness of such counterparties and by requiring collateral in instances in which financing is provided. The Company mitigates counterparty credit risk associated with its derivative contracts by monitoring the amounts at risk with each counterparty to such contracts, periodically evaluating counterparty creditworthiness and financial position, and where possible, dispersing its risk among multiple counterparties.

As of December 31, 2020,2021, there were no significant concentrations of credit risk with any individual counterparty or groups of counterparties. However, 18%17% of the Company’s outstanding VOCRs portfolio relates to customers who reside in California. With the exception of the financing provided to customers of its vacation ownership businesses, the Company does not normally require collateral or other security to support credit sales.

Market Risk
The Company is subject to risks relating to the geographic concentrations of (i) areas in which the Company is currently developing and selling vacation ownership properties, (ii) sales offices in certain vacation areas, and (iii) customers of the Company’s vacation ownership business, which in each case, may result in the Company’s results of operations being more sensitive to local and regional economic conditions and other factors, including competition, extreme weather conditions and other natural disasters, and economic downturns, than the Company’s results of operations would be, absent such geographic concentrations. Local and regional economic conditions and other factors may differ materially from prevailing conditions in other parts of the world. Florida and Nevada are examples of areas with concentrations of sales offices. For the year ended December 31, 2020, 16% and2021, 15% of the Company’s VOI sales revenues were generated in sales offices located in Florida and 15% in Nevada.

Included within the Consolidated Statements of Income/(Loss)/Income are net revenues generated from transactions in the state of Florida of 18%15%, 19%18%, and 16%19% during 2021, 2020, 2019, and 2018. There were2019; net revenues generated from transactions in California of 10%, 12% of, and 11%; and net revenues generated from transactions in the state of California during 2020,Nevada of 10%, 6%, and 11% during 2019 and 2018.9%.


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20.    Commitments and Contingencies
COMMITMENTSCOMMITMENTS
Leases
The Company is committed to making finance and operating lease payments covering various facilities and equipment. Total future minimum lease obligations are $200$173 million, including finance leases, operating leases, leases signed but not yet commenced, and leases with a lease term of less than 12 months. See Note 13—Leases for additional detail.

Purchase Commitments
In the normal course of business, the Company makes various commitments to purchase goods or services from specific suppliers, including those related to vacation ownership resort development and other capital expenditures. Purchase commitments made by the Company as of December 31, 2020,2021, aggregated to $973$826 million, of which $714$656 million were for marketing-related activities, $143$61 million were related to the development of vacation ownership properties, and $31$45 million were for information technology activities. Commitments for marketing related activities decreased $317 million from 2019 to 2020, primarily related to renegotiated and exited contracts as a result of COVID-19.


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Inventory Sold Subject to Conditional Repurchase
In the normal course of business, the Company makes various commitments to repurchase completed vacation ownership properties from third-party developers. Inventory sold subject to conditional repurchase made by the Company as of December 31, 2020,2021 aggregated to $59$65 million. See Note 11—Inventory for additional detail.

Letters of Credit
As of December 31, 2021, the Company had $36 million of irrevocable standby letters of credit outstanding, of which $2 million were under its revolving credit facilities. As of December 31, 2020, the Company had $127 million of irrevocable standby letters of credit outstanding, of which $96 million were under its revolving credit facilities. As of December 31, 2019, the Company had $60 million of irrevocable standby letters of credit outstanding, of which $17 million were under its revolving credit facilities. Such letters of credit issued during 2020 includesincluded a $48 million letter of credit for guarantees related to the sale of the European vacation rentals business infor which Wyndham Hotels and Travel + Leisure Co. are required to maintain certain credit ratings,ratings. This letter of credit was released during 2021, see Note 29—Transactions with Former Parent and Former Subsidiaries for additional details. The letters of credit issued during 20202021 and 20192020 also supported the securitization of VOCR fundings, certain insurance policies, and development activity at the Company’s Vacation Ownership segment.

Surety Bonds
A portion of the Company’s vacation ownership sales and developments are supported by surety bonds provided by affiliates of certain insurance companies in order to meet regulatory requirements of certain states. In the ordinary course of the Company’s business, it has assembled commitments from 12 surety providers in the amount of $2.3 billion, of which the Company had $261$292 million outstanding as of December 31, 2020.2021. The availability, terms and conditions, and pricing of bonding capacity are dependent on, among other things, continued financial strength and stability of the insurance company affiliates providing the bonding capacity, general availability of such capacity and the Company’s corporate credit rating. If the bonding capacity is unavailable or, alternatively, the terms and conditions and pricing of the bonding capacity are unacceptable to the Company, its vacation ownership business could be negatively impacted.

LITIGATION
The Company is involved in claims, legal and regulatory proceedings, and governmental inquiries related to its business, none of which, in the opinion of management, is expected to have a material effect on the Company’s results of operations or financial condition.

Travel + Leisure Co. Litigation
The Company may be from time to time involved in claims, legal and regulatory proceedings, and governmental inquiries arising in the ordinary course of its business including but not limited to: for its Vacation Ownership business — breach of contract, bad faith, conflict of interest, fraud, consumer protection and other statutory claims by property owners’ associations, owners and prospective owners in connection with the sale or use of VOIs or land, or the management of vacation ownership resorts, construction defect claims relating to vacation ownership units or resorts or in relation to guest reservations and bookings; and negligence, breach of contract, fraud, consumer protection and other statutory claims by guests and other consumers for alleged injuries sustained at or acts or occurrences related to vacation ownership units or resorts or in relation to guest reservations and bookings; for its Travel and Membership business — breach of contract,

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fraud and bad faith claims by affiliates and customers in connection with their respective agreements, negligence, breach of contract, fraud, consumer protection and other statutory claims asserted by members, guests and other consumers for alleged injuries sustained at or acts or occurrences related to affiliated resorts, or in relation to guest reservations and bookings; and for each of its businesses, bankruptcy proceedings involving efforts to collect receivables from a debtor in bankruptcy, employment matters including but not limited to, claims of wrongful termination, retaliation, discrimination, harassment and wage and hour claims, whistleblower claims, claims of infringement upon third parties’ intellectual property rights, claims relating to information security, privacy and consumer protection, fiduciary duty/trust claims, tax claims, environmental claims, and landlord/tenant disputes.

The Company records an accrual for legal contingencies when it determines, after consultation with outside counsel where appropriate, that it is probable that a liability has been incurred and the amount of the loss can be reasonably estimated. In making such determinations, the Company evaluates, among other things, the degree of probability of an unfavorable outcome and, when it is probable that a liability has been incurred, the Company’s ability to make a reasonable estimate of loss. The Company reviews these accruals each fiscal quarter and makes revisions based on changes in facts and circumstances including changes to its strategy in dealing with these matters. The Company believes that it has adequately accrued for such matters with reserves of $19 million and $13 million as of December 31, 20202021 and 2019.2020. Litigation is inherently unpredictable and, although the Company believes that its accruals are adequate and/or that it has valid defenses

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in these matters, unfavorable results could occur. As such, an adverse outcome from such proceedings for which claims are awarded in excess of the amounts accrued, if any, could be material to the Company with respect to earnings and/or cash flows in any given reporting period. As of December 31, 2021, it is estimated that the potential exposure resulting from adverse outcomes of such legal proceedings could, in the aggregate, range up to $31 million in excess of recorded accruals. Such reserves are exclusive of matters relating to the Company’s separation from Cendant, matters relating to the Spin-off, matters relating to the sale of the European vacation rentals business, and matters relating to the sale of the North American vacation rentals business, which are discussed in Note 29—Transactions with Former Parent and Former Subsidiaries. Litigation is inherently unpredictable and, although the Company believes that its accruals are adequate and/or that it has valid defenses in these matters, unfavorable results could occur. As such, an adverse outcome from such proceedings for which claims are awarded in excess of the amounts accrued, if any, could be material to the Company with respect to earnings and/or cash flows in any given reporting period. As of December 31, 2020, the potential exposure resulting from adverse outcomes of such legal proceedings could, in the aggregate, range up to $35 million in excess of recorded accruals. However, the Company does not believe that the impact of such litigation should result in a material liability to the Company in relation to its consolidated financial position and/or liquidity.

For matters deemed reasonably possible, therefore not requiring accrual, the Company believes that such matters will not have a material effect on its results of operations, financial position or cash flows based on information currently available. As of December 31, 2020,2021, it is estimated that the potential exposure resulting from adverse outcomes of such legal proceedings could, in the aggregate, range up to an amount less than $1 million.

GUARANTEES/INDEMNIFICATIONS
Standard Guarantees/Indemnifications
In the ordinary course of business, the Company enters into agreements that contain standard guarantees and indemnities whereby the Company indemnifies another party for specified breaches of, or third-party claims relating to, an underlying agreement. Such underlying agreements are typically entered into by one of the Company’s subsidiaries. The various underlying agreements generally govern purchases, sales or outsourcing of products or services, leases of real estate, licensing of software and/or development of vacation ownership properties, access to credit facilities, derivatives and issuances of debt securities. Also in the ordinary course of business, the Company provides corporate guarantees for its operating business units relating to merchant credit-card processing for prepaid customer stays and other deposits. While a majority of these guarantees and indemnifications extend only for the duration of the underlying agreement, some survive the expiration of the agreement. The Company is not able to estimate the maximum potential amount of future payments to be made under these guarantees and indemnifications as the triggering events are not predictable. In certain cases, the Company maintains insurance coverage that may mitigate any potential payments.

Other Guarantees and Indemnifications
Vacation Ownership
The Company has committed to repurchase completed property located in Las Vegas, Nevada, from a third-party developer subject to such property meeting the Company’s vacation ownership resort standards and provided that the third-party developer has not sold such property to another party. See Note 11—Inventory for additional details.

In connection with the Company’s vacation ownership inventory sale transactions, for which it has conditional rights and conditional obligations to repurchase the completed properties, the Company was required to maintain an investment-grade credit rating from at least one rating agency. As a result of the Spin-off, the Company failed to maintain an investment-grade credit rating with at least one rating agency, which triggered a default. During 2018, the Company agreed to pay $8
See Note 29—
Transactions with Former Parent and Former Subsidiaries
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million in fees in lieu of posting collateral in favor of the development partner in an amount equal to the remaining obligations under the agreements.

As part of the Fee-for-Service program, the Company may guarantee to reimburse the developer a certain payment or to purchase inventory from the developer, for a percentage of the original sale price if certain future conditions exist. As of December 31, 2020,2021, the maximum potential future payments that the Company may be required to make under these guarantees is $32$41 million. As of December 31, 20202021 and 2019,2020, the Company had 0no recognized liabilities in connection with these guarantees. For information on guarantees and indemnifications related to the Company’s former parent and subsidiaries see Note 29—Transactions with Former Parent and Former Subsidiaries.


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21.    Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income/(Loss)
The components of accumulated other comprehensive income/(loss) are as follows (in millions):
PretaxForeign Currency Translation AdjustmentsUnrealized (Losses)/Gains on Cash Flow HedgesDefined Benefit Pension PlansAccumulated Other Comprehensive (Loss)/Income
Balance as of December 31, 2018$(147)$(2)$$(147)
Other comprehensive loss before reclassifications(1)— (1)(2)
Amount reclassified to earnings— — 
Balance as of December 31, 2019(148)(1)(148)
Other comprehensive income/(loss) before reclassifications35 — (1)34 
Balance as of December 31, 2020(113)(1)— (114)
Other comprehensive loss before reclassifications(32)— — (32)
Balance as of December 31, 2021$(145)$(1)$— $(146)
PretaxForeign Currency Translation AdjustmentsUnrealized Gains/(Losses) on Cash Flow HedgesDefined Benefit Pension PlansAccumulated Other Comprehensive Income/(Loss)
Balance as of December 31, 2017$(96)$(2)$(5)$(103)
Other comprehensive (loss)/income before reclassifications(75)(74)
Amount reclassified to earnings24 30 
Balance as of December 31, 2018(147)(2)(147)
Other comprehensive (loss) before reclassifications(1)(1)(2)
Amount reclassified to earnings
Balance as of December 31, 2019(148)(1)(148)
Other comprehensive income/(loss) before reclassifications35 (1)34 
Balance as of December 31, 2020$(113)$(1)$$(114)
TaxForeign Currency Translation AdjustmentsUnrealized (Losses)/Gains on Cash Flow HedgesDefined Benefit Pension PlansAccumulated Other Comprehensive (Loss)/Income
Balance as of December 31, 2018$94 $$(1)$95 
Other comprehensive income/(loss) before reclassifications(1)
Balance as of December 31, 201995 — 96 
Other comprehensive income before reclassifications— — 
Balance as of December 31, 202097 — 98 
Other comprehensive income before reclassifications— — — — 
Balance as of December 31, 2021$97 $$— $98 

TaxForeign Currency Translation AdjustmentsUnrealized Gains/(Losses) on Cash Flow HedgesDefined Benefit Pension PlansAccumulated Other Comprehensive Income/(Loss)
Balance as of December 31, 2017$89 $$$92 
Other comprehensive income before reclassifications13 13 
Amount reclassified to earnings(2)(2)
Effect of adoption of new accounting principle (a)
(8)(8)
Balance as of December 31, 201894 (1)95 
Other comprehensive income/(loss) before reclassifications(1)
Amount reclassified to earnings
Balance as of December 31, 201995 96 
Other comprehensive income before reclassifications
Balance as of December 31, 2020$97 $$$98 


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Net of TaxForeign Currency Translation AdjustmentsUnrealized Gains/(Losses) on Cash Flow HedgesDefined Benefit Pension PlansAccumulated Other Comprehensive Income/(Loss)
Balance as of December 31, 2017$(7)$$(4)$(11)
Other comprehensive (loss)/income before reclassification(62)(61)
Amount reclassified to earnings24 28 
Other comprehensive (loss)/income(38)(33)
Effect of adoption of new accounting principle (a)
(8)(8)
Balance as of December 31, 2018(53)(52)
Other comprehensive (loss) before reclassifications(1)(1)
Amount reclassified to earnings
Balance as of December 31, 2019(53)(52)
Other comprehensive income/(loss) before reclassifications37 (1)36 
Balance as of December 31, 2020$(16)$$$(16)

(a)    Impact of the Company’s adoption of new accounting guidance which allowed for the reclassification of the stranded tax effects resulting from the implementation of the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act of 2017. This adoption resulted in an $8 million reclassification of tax benefit from AOCL to Retained Earnings.
Net of TaxForeign Currency Translation AdjustmentsUnrealized (Losses)/Gains on Cash Flow HedgesDefined Benefit Pension PlansAccumulated Other Comprehensive (Loss)/Income
Balance as of December 31, 2018$(53)$— $$(52)
Other comprehensive loss before reclassification— (1)— (1)
Amount reclassified to earnings— — 
Balance as of December 31, 2019(53)— (52)
Other comprehensive income/(loss) before reclassifications37 — (1)36 
Balance as of December 31, 2020(16)— — (16)
Other comprehensive loss before reclassifications(32)— — (32)
Balance as of December 31, 2021$(48)$— $— $(48)

Currency translation adjustments exclude income taxes related to investments in foreign subsidiaries where the Company intends to reinvest the undistributed earnings indefinitely in those foreign operations.

ReclassificationsThere were no reclassifications out of AOCL are presented in the following table. Amounts in parentheses indicate debits to the Consolidated Statements of (Loss)/Income (in millions):
Year Ended December 31,
20202019
Unrealized losses on cash flow hedge, net
(Loss)/gain on disposal of discontinued business, net of income taxes$$(1)
Net income attributable to Travel + Leisure shareholders$$(1)
during 2021 and 2020.


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22.    Stock-Based Compensation
The Company has a stock-based compensation plan available to grant RSUs, PSUs, SSARs, non-qualified stock options (“NQs”),NQs, and other stock-based awards to key employees, non-employee directors, advisors, and consultants.

The Wyndham Worldwide Corporation 2006 Equity and Incentive Plan was originally adopted in 2006 and was amended and restated in its entirety and approved by shareholders on May 17, 2018, (the “Amended and Restated Equity Incentive Plan”). Under the Amended and Restated Equity Incentive Plan, a maximum of 15.7 million shares of common stock may be awarded. As of December 31, 2020, 11.92021, 11.3 million shares remain available.

Incentive Equity Awards Granted by the Company
During the year ended December 31, 2020,2021, the Company granted incentive equity awards to key employees and senior officers totaling $35 million in the form of RSUs, $8$7 million in the form of PSUs, and $8$2 million in the form of stock options. Of these awards, the majority of NQsRSUs and RSUsNQs will vest ratably over a period of four years. The PSUs will cliff vest on the third anniversary of the grant date, contingent upon the Company achieving certain performance metrics.

During the year ended December 31, 2020, the Company granted incentive equity awards totaling $35 million in the form of RSUs, $8 million in the form of PSUs, and $8 million in the form of stock options. During 2019, the Company granted incentive equity awards totaling $26 million in the form of RSUs, $7 million in the form of PSUs, and $5 million in the form of stock options. During 2018, the Company granted incentive equity awards totaling $58 million in the form of RSUs and $7 million in the form of stock options.



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The activity related to incentive equity awards granted to the Company’s key employees and senior officers by the Company for the year ended December 31, 2020,2021, consisted of the following (in millions, except grant prices):
Balance as of December 31, 2019GrantedVested/Exercised
Forfeitures(a)
Balance as of December 31, 2020
RSUs
Number of RSUs1.0 1.0 (0.3)(0.1)1.6 (b)
Weighted average grant price$46.32 $33.64 $46.44 $42.95 $38.22 
PSUs
Number of PSUs0.2 0.1 0.3 (c)
Weighted average grant price$44.38 $41.04 $$$42.57 
SSARs
Number of SSARs0.2 0.2 (d)
Weighted average grant price$34.24 $$$$34.51 
NQs (f)
Number of NQs1.3 1.1 (0.1)2.3 (e)
Weighted average grant price$46.84 $41.04 $$43.43 $44.15 

Balance as of December 31, 2020Granted
Vested/Exercised (a)
Forfeitures (b)
Balance as of December 31, 2021
RSUs
Number of RSUs1.6 0.6 (0.3)(0.1)1.8 (c)
Weighted average grant price$38.22 $58.47 $44.72 $47.25 $47.83 
PSUs
Number of PSUs0.3 0.1 — — 0.4 (d)
Weighted average grant price$42.57 $59.00 $— $— $48.18 
SSARs
Number of SSARs0.2 — (0.2)— — (e)
Weighted average grant price$34.51 $— $34.51 $— $— 
NQs
Number of NQs2.3 0.1 (0.1)— 2.3 (f)
Weighted average grant price$44.15 $59.00 $44.50 $— $45.32 
(a)Upon exercise of NQs and SSARs and upon vesting of RSUs and PSUs, the Company issues new shares to participants.
(b)The Company recognizes forfeitures as they occur.
(b)(c)Aggregate unrecognized compensation expense related to RSUs was $45$51 million as of December 31, 2020,2021, which is expected to be recognized over a weighted average period of 2.4 years.
(c)(d)There was 0no unrecognized compensation expense related to PSUs as these awards were not probable of December 31, 2020.
(d)There were 0.2 million SSARs that were exercisablevesting as of December 31, 2020. There was 0 unrecognized2021. The maximum amount of compensation expense related to SSARs asassociated with these awards would be $8 million which would be recognized over a weighted average period of 2.0 years.
(e)As of December 31, 2020, as2021, all SSARs were vested.had been exercised; therefore there was no unrecognized compensation expense.
(e)(f)There were 0.50.9 million NQs which were exercisable as of December 31, 2020.2021. These NQs will expire over a weighted average period of 7.76.9 years and carry a weighted average grant date fair value of $8.61.$8.39. Unrecognized compensation expense for the NQs was $11$8 million as of December 31, 2020,2021, which is expected to be recognized over a weighted average period of 2.82.3 years.
(f)
Upon execution
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The fair value of stock options granted by the Company during 2021, 2020, and 2019 were estimated on the dates of these grants using the Black-Scholes option-pricing model with the relevant weighted average assumptions outlined in the table below. Expected volatility was based on both historical and implied volatilities of the Company’s stock and the stock of comparable companies over the estimated expected life for options. The expected life represents the period of time these awards are expected to be outstanding. The risk-free interest rate is based on yields on U.S. Treasury strips with a maturity similar to the estimated expected life of the options. The projected dividend yield was based on the Company’s anticipated annual dividend divided by the price of the Company’s stock on the date of the grant.
Stock OptionsStock Options20202019Stock Options202120202019
Grant date fair value Grant date fair value$7.27-$7.28$8.98 Grant date fair value$18.87$7.27-$7.28$8.98
Grant date strike price Grant date strike price$41.04$44.38 Grant date strike price$59.00$41.04$44.38
Expected volatility Expected volatility32.60 %-32.88%29.97% Expected volatility44.80%32.60 %-32.88%29.97%
Expected life(a) Expected life(a)6.25-7.50 years6.25 years Expected life(a)6.25 years6.25-7.50 years6.25 years
Risk-free interest rate Risk-free interest rate0.95 %-1.03%2.59% Risk-free interest rate1.09%0.95 %-1.03%2.59%
Projected dividend yieldProjected dividend yield4.87%4.06%Projected dividend yield3.12%4.87%4.06%
(a)The maximum contractual term for these options is 10 years.

The total intrinsic value of exercised options during 2021 were $1 million. There were no options exercised during2020 or 2019. The fair value of vested options during 2021, 2020, and 2019 were $6 million, $3 million, and $1 million.

Stock-Based Compensation Expense
The Company recorded stock-based compensation expense of $32 million, $20 million, and $24 million during 2021, 2020, and $151 million during 2020, 2019, and 2018, related to the incentive equity awards granted to key employees, senior officers, and non-employee directors. Such stock-based compensation expense included expense related to discontinued operations of $22 million for 2018. Stock-based compensation expense for 2019 and 2018 included $4 million and $105 million of expense which has

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been classified within Separation and related costs in continuing operations on the Consolidated Statements of Income/(Loss)/Income.. The Company recognized $9 million, $2 million, and $7 million of associated tax benefits during 2021, 2020, and 2019.

The Company paid $9 million, $2 million, $4 million, and $60$4 million of taxes for the net share settlement of incentive equity awards that vested during 2021, 2020, 2019, and 2018.2019. Such amounts are included within Financingfinancing activities on the Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows.

Employee Stock Purchase Plan
During 2019, theThe Company implementedhas an employee stock purchase plan. This plan which allows eligible employees to purchase common shares of Company stock through payroll deductions at a 10% discount from the fair market value at the grant date. The Company issued 0.1 million, 0.2 million, and 0.2 million shares in bothduring 2021, 2020, and 2019 and recognized $1 million of compensation expense related to the grants under this plan in each period. The value of shares issued under this plan was $8 million, $7 million, and $11 million forduring 2021, 2020, and 2019.

23.    Employee Benefit Plans
Defined Contribution Benefit Plans
Travel + Leisure Co. sponsors domestic defined contribution savings plans and a domestic deferred compensation plan that provide eligible employees of the Company an opportunity to accumulate funds for retirement. The Company matches the contributions of participating employees on the basis specified by each plan. The Company’s cost for these plans was $27 million, $19 million, during 2020, and $33 million during both 20192021, 2020, and 2018.2019.

In addition, the Company contributes to several foreign employee benefit contributory plans which also provide eligible employees with an opportunity to accumulate funds for retirement. The Company’s contributory cost for these plans was $6 million, $7 million, during 2020,and $8 million during 2019,2021, 2020, and $10 million during 2018.2019.

Defined Benefit Pension Plans
The Company sponsors defined benefit pension plans for certain foreign subsidiaries, which were primarily part of the Company’s European vacation rentals business, which is presented as discontinued operations. Under these plans, benefits are based on an employee’s years of credited service and a percentage of final average compensation or as otherwise described by the plan. During 2018, the Company recognized a $4 million loss related to the settlement of its obligation under these plans for the European vacation rentals business which was included as a component of the (Loss)/gain on disposal of discontinued business, net of income taxes on the Consolidated Statements of (Loss)/Income. The Company had $5$4 million and $4$5 million of net pension liability as of December 31, 2021 and

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2020, and 2019, included within Accrued expenses and other liabilities. As of December 31, 20202021 and 2019,2020, the Company had less than $1 million of unrecognized gains included within Accumulated other comprehensive loss on the Consolidated Balance Sheets.

The Company’s policy is to contribute amounts sufficient to meet minimum funding requirements as set forth in employee benefit and tax laws and additional amounts that the Company determines to be appropriate. The Company had 0recognized no pension expense related to these plans during 2021, 2020, 2019, and 2018.2019.

24.    Segment Information
The Company has 2 operatingreportable segments: Vacation Ownership and Travel and Membership. In connection with the Travel + Leisure brand acquisition the Company updated the names and composition of its segments to better align with how the segments are managed. The Vacation Ownership segment develops, markets and sells VOIs to individual consumers, provides consumer financing in connection with the sale of VOIs, and provides property management services at resorts. The Travel and Membership segment operates a variety of travel businesses, including three3 vacation exchange brands, a home exchange network, travel technology platforms, travel memberships, and direct-to-consumer rentals. During 2018,With the formation of the Travel + Leisure Group the Company decided that the operations of its Extra Holidays business, which focuses on direct-to-consumer bookings, better aligns with the operations of this new business line and therefore transitioned the management of the Extra Holidays business to explore strategic alternatives forthe Travel and Membership segment. As such, the Company reclassified the results of its Extra Holidays business, which was previously reported within the Vacation Ownership segment, into the Travel and Membership segment. This change is reflected in all periods reported. During 2019, the Company sold its North American vacation rentals business, which was part of its Travel and Membership segment and completed the sale of this business on October 22, 2019. The assets and liabilities of this business were classified as held-for-sale until the sale was completed.segment. This business did not meet the criteria to be classified as a discontinued operation; therefore, the results of operations through the date of sale are included in the 2018 and 2019 results presented in the tables below. The reportable segments presented below represent the Company’s operating segmentsare those for which discrete financial information is available and which are utilized on a regular basis by itsthe chief operating decision maker to assess performance and to allocate resources. In identifying its reportable segments, the Company also considers the nature of services provided by its operating segments. Management uses net revenues and Adjusted EBITDA to assess the performance of the reportable segments. Adjusted EBITDA is defined by the Company as Net income/(loss)/income from continuing operations before Depreciation and amortization, Interest expense (excluding Consumer financing interest), early extinguishment of debt, Interest income (excluding Consumer financing revenues) and income taxes. Adjusted

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EBITDA also excludes stock-based compensation costs, separation and restructuring costs, legacy items, transaction costs for acquisitions and divestitures, impairments, gains and losses on sale/disposition of business, and items that meet the conditions of unusual and/or infrequent. Legacy items include the resolution of and adjustments to certain contingent assets and liabilities related to acquisitions of continuing businesses and dispositions, including the separation of Wyndham Hotels and Cendant, and the sale of the vacation rentals businesses. The Company believes that Adjusted EBITDA is a useful measure of performance for its segments which, when considered with generally accepted accounting principles in the U.S. (“GAAP”)GAAP measures, the Company believes gives a more complete understanding of its operating performance. The Company’s presentation of Adjusted EBITDA may not be comparable to similarly-titled measures used by other companies.















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The following tables present the Company’s segment information (in millions):

Year Ended December 31,
Net revenues202020192018
Vacation Ownership$1,637 $3,151 $3,016 
Travel and Membership528 898 918 
Total reportable segments2,165 4,049 3,934 
Corporate and other (a)
(5)(6)(3)
Total Company$2,160 $4,043 $3,931 
Year Ended December 31,
Reconciliation of Net income to Adjusted EBITDA202020192018
Net (loss)/income attributable to Travel + Leisure shareholders$(255)$507 $672 
Loss from operations of discontinued businesses, net of income taxes50 
Loss/(gain) on disposal of discontinued business, net of income taxes(18)(456)
(Benefit from)/provision for income taxes(23)191 130 
Depreciation and amortization126 121 138 
Interest expense192 162 170 
Interest (income)(7)(7)(5)
Gain on sale of business(68)
Asset impairments (b)
57 27 (4)
COVID-19 related costs (c)
56 
Exchange inventory write-off48 
Restructuring39 16 
Stock-based compensation20 20 23 
Legacy items (d)
Acquisition and divestiture related costs
Value-added tax refund(16)
Separation and related costs (e)
45 223 
Adjusted EBITDA$259 $991 $942 
Year Ended December 31,
Adjusted EBITDA202020192018
Vacation Ownership$121 $756 $731 
Travel and Membership191 289 278 
Total reportable segments312 1,045 1,009 
Corporate and other (a)
(53)(54)(67)
Total Company$259 $991 $942 

Year Ended December 31,
Net revenues202120202019
Vacation Ownership$2,403 $1,625 $3,122 
Travel and Membership752 552 944 
Total reportable segments3,155 2,177 4,066 
Corporate and other (a)
(21)(17)(23)
Total Company$3,134 $2,160 $4,043 
Year Ended December 31,
Reconciliation of Net income to Adjusted EBITDA202120202019
Net income/(loss) attributable to Travel + Leisure Co. shareholders$308 $(255)$507 
Loss/(gain) on disposal of discontinued business, net of income taxes(18)
Provision/(benefit) for income taxes116 (23)191 
Depreciation and amortization124 126 121 
Interest expense198 192 162 
Interest (income)(3)(7)(7)
Gain on sale of business— — (68)
Stock-based compensation32 20 20 
Legacy items
COVID-19 related costs (b)
56 — 
Exchange inventory write-off— 48 — 
Acquisition and divestiture related costs— — 
Separation and related costs (c)
— — 45 
Restructuring(1)39 
Unrealized gain on equity investment (d)
(3)— — 
Asset impairments/(recovery) (e)
(5)57 27 
Adjusted EBITDA$778 $259 $991 
Year Ended December 31,
Adjusted EBITDA202120202019
Vacation Ownership$558 $121 $736 
Travel and Membership282 191 309 
Total reportable segments840 312 1,045 
Corporate and other (a)
(62)(53)(54)
Total Company$778 $259 $991 
(a)Includes the elimination of transactions between segments.
(b)Includes $5 million of bad debt expense related to a note receivable for the year ended December 31, 2020, included in Operating Expenses on the Consolidated Statements of (Loss)/Income.
(c)Reflects severance and other employee costs associated with layoffs due to the COVID-19 workforce reduction offset in part by employee retention credits received in connection with the U.S. CARES Act, ARPA, and similar international programs for wages paid to certain employees despite having operations suspended. This amount does not include costs associated with idle pay.
(c)Includes $4 million of stock-based compensation expenses for the year ended December 31, 2019.
(d)Represents the unrealized gain associated with Vacasa equity acquired as part of the consideration for the sale of North America vacation rentals. The total amount of unrealized gain on this investment was $9 million for the year ended December 31, 2021, of which $6 million is included in Asset impairments/(recovery) on the Consolidated Statements of Income/(Loss) to offset the 2020 impairment recognized on this investment.
(e)Includes $5 million of bad debt expense related to a note receivable for the year ended December 31, 2020, included in Operating expenses on the Consolidated Statements of Income/(Loss).

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(d)Represents the resolution of and adjustment to certain contingent liabilities resulting from the Spin-off, the sale of the European vacation rentals business, and the Company’s separation from Cendant.
(e)Includes $4 million and $105 million of stock-based compensation expenses for the years ended 2019 and 2018.

Year Ended December 31,
Segment Assets (a)
20202019
Vacation Ownership$5,009 $5,582 
Travel and Membership1,362 1,482 
Total reportable segments6,371 7,064 
Corporate and other1,242 389 
Total Company$7,613 $7,453 

Year Ended December 31,
Segment Assets (a)
20212020
Vacation Ownership$4,743 $5,000 
Travel and Membership1,414 1,372 
Total reportable segments6,157 6,372 
Corporate and other431 1,241 
Total Company$6,588 $7,613 
(a)Excludes investment in consolidated subsidiaries.

Year Ended December 31,Year Ended December 31,
Capital ExpendituresCapital Expenditures202020192018Capital Expenditures202120202019
Vacation OwnershipVacation Ownership$41 $69 $66 Vacation Ownership$34 $41 $69 
Travel and MembershipTravel and Membership21 27 25 Travel and Membership17 21 27 
Total reportable segmentsTotal reportable segments62 96 91 Total reportable segments51 62 96 
Corporate and otherCorporate and other12 Corporate and other12 
Total CompanyTotal Company$69 $108 $99 Total Company$57 $69 $108 

The geographic segment information provided below is classified based on the geographic location of the Company’s subsidiaries (in millions):
Year Ended December 31,Year Ended December 31,
Net RevenuesNet Long-lived Assets
20202019201820202019
United States$1,904 $3,513 $3,500 $1,471 $1,497 
All other countries256 530 431 290 296 
Total$2,160 $4,043 $3,931 $1,761 $1,793 
Year Ended December 31,Year Ended December 31,
Net RevenuesNet Long-lived Assets
20212020201920212020
United States$2,753 $1,904 $3,513 $1,574 $1,471 
All other countries381 256 530 295 290 
Total$3,134 $2,160 $4,043 $1,869 $1,761 

25.    Separation and Transaction Costs
During 2019, the Company incurred $45 million of expenses in connection with the Spin-off completed on May 31, 2018, which are reflected within continuing operations. These separation costs were related to stock compensation, severance and other employee costs, as well as impairment charges due to the write-off of right-of-use assets and furniture, fixtures and equipment as a result of the Company abandoning portions of its administrative offices in New Jersey. This decision was part of the Company’s continued focus on rationalizing existing facilities in order to reduce its corporate footprint. These expenses also include additional impairment charges associated with the write-off of assets and liabilities related to the early termination of an operating lease in Chicago, Illinois, partially offset by an indemnification receivable from Wyndham Hotels. Refer to Note 13—Leases for additional detail regarding these impairments.

During 2018, the Company incurred $223 million of expenses in connection with the Spin-off which are reflected within continuing operations and include related costs of the Spin-off, of which $217 million were related to stock compensation modification expense, severance and other employee costs offset, in part, by favorable foreign currency. In addition, these costs include certain impairment charges related to the separation including property sold to Wyndham Hotels.

Additionally, during 2018, the Company incurred $111 million of separation related expenses in connection with the Spin-off and sale of the European vacation rentals business which are reflected within discontinued operations. These expenses include legal, consulting and auditing fees, stock compensation modification expense, severance and other employee-related costs.


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26.    COVID-19 Related Items
For the year ended December 31, 2020,2021, the Company incurred $88 million of expensesCompany’s financial statements included impacts directly related to COVID-19 which are included within COVID-19 related costs on the Consolidated Statements of (Loss)/Income and $297 million of additional items directly related to COVID-19 that are reflected elsewhere on the Consolidated Statements of (Loss)/Income as displayeddetailed in the table below (in millions):
Vacation OwnershipTravel and MembershipCorporateConsolidatedIncome Statement Classification
Allowance for loan losses:
Provision$(91)$— $— $(91)Vacation ownership interest sales
Recoveries33 — — 33 Cost of vacation ownership interests
Employee compensation related and other— COVID-19 related costs
Asset impairment recovery— (6)— (6)Asset impairments/(recovery)
Lease-related(1)— — (1)Restructuring
Total COVID-19$(56)$(6)$$(61)

Vacation OwnershipTravel and MembershipCorporateConsolidatedIncome Statement Classification
Allowance for loan losses:
Provision$205 $$$205 Vacation ownership interest sales
Recoveries(48)(48)Cost of vacation ownership interests
Employee compensation related and other65 14 88 COVID-19 related costs
Asset impairments21 34 56 Asset impairments/Operating expenses
Exchange inventory write-off48 48 Operating expenses
Lease-related14 22 36 Restructuring
Total COVID-19$257 $113 $15 $385 
For the year ended December 31, 2020, the Company’s financial statements included impacts directly related to COVID-19 as detailed in the table below (in millions):
Vacation OwnershipTravel and MembershipCorporateConsolidatedIncome Statement Classification
Allowance for loan losses:
Provision$205 $— $— $205 Vacation ownership interest sales
Recoveries(48)— — (48)Cost of vacation ownership interests
Employee compensation related and other65 14 88 COVID-19 related costs
Asset impairments21 34 56 Asset impairments/(recovery) and Operating expenses
Exchange inventory write-off— 48 — 48 Operating expenses
Lease-related14 22 — 36 Restructuring
Total COVID-19$257 $113 $15 $385 

Allowance for loan losses - During— Due to the closure of resorts and sales centers and the economic downturn resulting from COVID-19 during 2020, the Company evaluated the potential impact of COVID-19 on its owners’ ability to repay their contract receivables and as a result of higher unemployment, the Company increased itsrecorded a COVID-19 related allowance for loan loss allowance.losses. This allowance consisted of a $205 million COVID-19 related provision, which was reflected as a $205 million reduction to Vacation ownership interest sales and a $48 million of estimated recoveries, which were reflected as a reduction to Cost of vacation ownership interests on the Consolidated Statements of Income/(Loss)/Income.. The net negative impact of the additionalthis COVID-19 related provision related to COVID-19 on Adjusted EBITDA was $157 million for the year ended December 31, 2020.

During 2021, the Company analyzed the adequacy of the COVID-19 related allowance consistent with past methodology, and due to the improvement in net new defaults the Company reduced this allowance resulting in a $91 million increase to Vacation ownership interest sales and a corresponding $33 million increase to Cost of vacation ownership interests on the Consolidated Statements of Income/(Loss). The net positive impact of these adjustments on Adjusted EBITDA was $58 million for the year ended December 31, 2021. Based upon improved performance in the Company’s portfolio (lower net new defaults) and improved unemployment rates since the time this allowance was established, and after considering write-offs and the allowance for remaining likely defaults associated with loans that were granted payment deferrals, the

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Company will continue to monitor this reservehas no COVID-19 related allowances as more information becomes available.of December 31, 2021. Refer to Note 10—Vacation Ownership Contract Receivables for additional details.

Employee Compensation Relatedcompensation related and Otherother - These— During 2020, these costs included $97$71 million related to severance and other employee costs resulting from the layoffs, salary and benefits continuation for certain employees while operations were suspended, and vacation payments associated with furloughed employees, $17 million related to professional fees and expenses related to renegotiating or exiting certain agreements; partially offset byemployees. These costs are inclusive of $26 million of employee retention credits earned in connection with government programs, primarily the CARES Act.

A reductionEmployee compensation related and other costs also included $17 million related to renegotiating or exiting certain agreements and other professional fees in workforce in March resulted in the layoff or furlough of approximately 9,000 employees, with an additional 1,400 of furloughs during the remainder of the year. As of December 31, 2020, there were approximately 5,300 employees that were laid off or remained furloughed.2020.

AsDuring 2021, employee compensation related and other costs included $3 million of December 31, 2020,professional and other costs; as well as $1 million of severance and other employee costs resulting from layoffs, salary and benefits continuation at the Vacation Ownership segment, inclusive of $2 million of employee retention credits earned in connection with government programs.

In connection with these actions the Company had liabilities of $6 million forrecorded COVID-19 employee-related costsliabilities which are included within Accrued expenses and other liabilities on the Consolidated Balance Sheets. The activity associated with the Company’s COVID-19 related liabilities is summarized as follows (in millions):

Liability as ofLiability as of
December 31, 2019
Costs Recognized (a)
Cash Payments
Other (b)
December 31, 2020
COVID-19 employee-related$$71 $(64)$(1)$
Ending balance$$71 $(64)$(1)$

(a)These charges consisted of (i) $54 million at the Vacation Ownership segment, (ii) $8 million at the Travel and Membership segment, and (iii) $9 million at the Company’s corporate operations during 2020.
(b)Includes employee-related write-offs.


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Liability as ofLiability as of
December 31, 2020Costs RecognizedCash PaymentsDecember 31, 2021
COVID-19 employee-related$$$(6)$
Ending balance$$$(6)$

Asset Impairments -impairments/(recovery) During 2020, the Company incurred $56 million of COVID-19 related impairments, including $51 million recorded within Asset Impairmentsimpairments/(recovery) and $5 million included in Operating expenses on the Consolidated Statements of Income/(Loss)/Income.. Refer to Note 27 —27—Impairments and Other Charges for additional details. During 2021, the Company reversed $6 million of asset impairments related to its previously impaired equity investment in Vacasa. Refer to Note 7—Held-for-Sale Business for additional details.

Exchange Inventoryinventory write-off - During 2020, the Company wrote-off $48 million of exchange inventory as discussed in Note 11—Inventory.

Lease-RelatedLease-related - During 2020, the Company also recognized $36 million of COVID-19 relatedrestructuring charges including $22 million related to the New Jersey lease discussed in Note 28—Restructuring and $12 million related to the renegotiation of an agreement.

27.    Impairments and Other Charges
Impairments
During 2021, the Company had a net $5 million recovery of impairments driven by the $6 million reversal of a 2020 COVID-19 related impairment of the Vacasa equity investment at the Travel and Membership segment. See Note 7—Held-for-Sale Business for additional details. This reversal was partially offset by less than $1 million of impairments at the Vacation Ownership segment.

During 2020, the Company recorded $52 million of asset impairments, $51 million of which were COVID-19 related. InDuring the first quarter of 2020, there were $6 million of impairments at the Vacation Ownership segment related to prepaid development costs and undeveloped land and $4 million at the Travel and Membership segment related to the Love Home Swap trade name. In the second quarter,period, the Company recorded a $24 million impairment at the Travel and Membership segment related to the New Jersey lease discussed in Note 28—Restructuring and the associated furniture, fixtures and equipment, a $6 million impairment for equity investments held at the Travel and Membership segment, and a $3 million impairment at the Vacation Ownership segment related to lease assets and furniture, fixtures and equipment. During the third quarter, $6equipment; $10 million of impairments were driven by right-to-use leases and related fixed assets within the Vacation Ownership operating segment due to sales center closures. During the fourth quarter, there was $1segment; $6 million of impairments at the Vacation Ownership segment related to prepaid development costs and undeveloped land; a $6 million impairment for the Vacasa equity investment held at the Travel and Membership segment; a $4 million impairment at the Travel and Membership segment related to the Love Home Swap trade name; and $1 million of impairments at the corporate segment. These impairments are recorded within Asset impairmentsimpairments/(recovery) on the Consolidated Statements of Income/(Loss)/Income.. In addition to the COVID-19 related impairments mentioned above, the Company also recorded an additionala $1 million of impairment chargescharge at the Vacation Ownership segment that were unrelated to COVID-19.


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During 2019, the Company sold certain property for $52 million in cash and a note receivable of $4 million. The Company recorded a loss of $27 million, which is recorded within Asset impairmentsimpairments/(recovery) on the Consolidated Statements of Income/(Loss)/Income..

During 2018, the Company sold a property which was previously impaired by $27 million as part of a fair value assessment on land held for VOI development. The Company received net proceeds of $11 million, resulting in a gain on sale of $8 million, which is included within Asset impairments on the Consolidated Statements of (Loss)/Income. Also, as a result of changes in market conditions, the Company updated its long-term development goals during 2018 which resulted in $4 million of additional impairment charges on previously impaired properties. This additional impairment expense and the aforementioned reversal, resulted in a net impairment reversal of $4 million during 2018.

Other Charges
Refer to Note 25—Separation and Transaction Costs, for discussion of the additional 2019 and 2018 impairments associated with the Spin-off.

28.    Restructuring
2020 Restructuring Plans
During 2020, the Company recorded $37 million of restructuring charges, $36 million of which were COVID-19 related. Due to the impact of COVID-19, the Company decided in the second quarter of 2020 to abandon the remaining portion of its administrative offices in New Jersey. The Company was notified in the second quarter that Wyndham Hotels exercised its early termination rights under the sublease agreement. As a result, the Company recorded $22 million of restructuring charges associated with non-lease components of the office space and $24 million of impairment charges associated with the write-off of right-of-use assets and furniture, fixtures and equipment at its Travel and Membership segment. The Company also recognized $12 million of lease-related charges due to the renegotiation of an agreement and $2 million of facility-related restructuring charges associated with closed sales centers at its Vacation Ownership segment. The Travel and Membership segment additionally recognized $1 million in employee relatedemployee-related expenses associated with the consolidation of a shared service center. The Company reduced the 2020 restructuring liability by $5 million and $12 million of cash payments during 2021 and 2020. The remaining 2020 restructuring liability of $25$22 million is expected to be paid by the end of 2029.

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2019 Restructuring Plans
During 2019, the Company recorded $5 million of charges related to restructuring initiatives, most of which are personnel-related resulting from a reduction of approximately 100 employees. This action is primarily focused on enhancing organizational efficiency and rationalizing operations. The charges consisted of (i) $2 million at the Vacation Ownership segment, (ii) $2 million at the Travel and Membership segment, and (iii) $1 million at the Company’s corporate operations. During 2020, the Company incurred an additional $1 million of restructuring expenses at both the Travel and Membership segment and its corporate operations. The Company reduced its restructuring liability by less than $1 million, $5 million, and $1 million of cash payments during 2021, 2020, and 2019. The remaining 2019 restructuring liability was paid off as of less than $1 million is expected to be paid by the end ofDecember 31, 2021.
2018 Restructuring Plans

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During 2018, the Company recorded $16 million of charges related to restructuring initiatives, all of which are personnel-related resulting from a reduction of approximately 500 employees. This action was primarily focused on enhancing organizational efficiency and rationalizing operations. The charges consisted of (i) $11 million at the Vacation Ownership segment, (ii) $4 million at the Travel and Membership segment, and (iii) $1 million at the Company’s corporate operations. During 2019, the Company incurred an additional $3 million of restructuring expenses at its Vacation Ownership segment and an additional $1 million at its corporate operations related to these restructuring activities. The Company reduced its restructuring liability by $3 million
, $13 million, and $4 million of cash payments during 2020, 2019, and 2018. The remaining 2018 restructuring liability of less than $1 million is expected to be paid by the end of 2021.

The activity associated with all of the Company’s restructuring plans is summarized by category as follows (in millions):
Liability as of2018 ActivityLiability as of
December 31, 2017Costs
Recognized
Cash
Payments
December 31, 2018
Personnel-related$$16 $(8)$12 
Facility-related(1)
$$16 $(9)$12 
Liability as of2019 ActivityLiability as ofLiability as of2019 ActivityLiability as of
December 31, 2018Costs
Recognized
Cash
Payments
December 31, 2019December 31, 2018Costs
Recognized
Cash
Payments
OtherDecember 31, 2019
Personnel-relatedPersonnel-related$12 $$(14)$Personnel-related$12 $$(14)$— $
$12 $$(14)$$12 $$(14)$— $
Liability as of2020 ActivityLiability as ofLiability as of2020 ActivityLiability as of
December 31, 2019Costs
Recognized
Cash
Payments
December 31, 2020December 31, 2019Costs
Recognized
Cash
Payments
OtherDecember 31, 2020
Personnel-relatedPersonnel-related$$$(9)$Personnel-related$$$(9)$— $
Facility-relatedFacility-related24 (1)23 Facility-related— 24 (1)— 23 
Marketing-relatedMarketing-related12 (10)Marketing-related— 12 (10)— 
$$39 $(20)$26 $$39 $(20)$— $26 
Liability as of2021 ActivityLiability as of
December 31, 2020Costs
Recognized
Cash
Payments
OtherDecember 31, 2021
Personnel-relatedPersonnel-related$$— $(1)$— $— 
Facility-relatedFacility-related23 — (1)— 22 
Marketing-relatedMarketing-related(1)(a)(4)(b)— 
$26 $(1)$(6)$$22 
(a)Includes $1 million reversal of expense related to the reimbursement of prepaid licensing fees that were previously written-off at the Vacation Ownership segment.
(b)Includes $2 million reimbursement of termination payments and $1 million reimbursement of license fees at the Vacation Ownership segment.


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29.    Transactions with Former Parent and Former Subsidiaries
Matters Related to Cendant
Pursuant to the Separation and Distribution Agreement with Cendant (the Company’s former parent company)company, now Avis Budget Group), the Company entered into certain guarantee commitments with Cendant and Cendant’s former subsidiary, Realogy. These guarantee arrangements primarily relate to certain contingent litigation liabilities, contingent tax liabilities, and Cendant contingent and other corporate liabilities, of which Wyndham Worldwide Corporation (“Wyndham Worldwide”) assumed 37.5% of the responsibility while Cendant’s former subsidiary Realogy is responsible for the remaining 62.5%. As a result ofIn connection with the Wyndham Worldwide separation,Spin-off, Wyndham Hotels agreed to retain one-third of Cendant’s contingent and other corporate liabilities and associated costs; therefore, Travel + Leisure Co. is effectively responsible for 25% of such matters subsequent to the separation. Since Cendant’s separation, Cendant has settled the majority of the lawsuits that were pending on the date of the separation.

As of December 31, 2021 and 2020 the Cendant separation and related liabilities ofwere $13 million, are comprisedall of $12 million forwhich were tax related liabilities and $1 million for other contingent and corporate liabilities. As of December 31, 2019, the Company had $13 million of Cendant separation-related liabilities.related. These liabilities are included within Accrued expenses and other liabilities on the Consolidated Balance Sheets.

Matters Related to Wyndham Hotels
In connection with the Spin-off on May 31, 2018, Travel + Leisure Co. entered into several agreements with Wyndham Hotels that govern the relationship of the parties following the separation including the Separation and Distribution Agreement, the Employee Matters Agreement, the Tax Matters Agreement, the Transition Services Agreement and the License, Development and Noncompetition Agreement.

On January 4, 2021, the Company and Wyndham Hotels entered into a letter agreement pursuant to which, among other things Wyndham Hotels waived its right to enforce certain noncompetition covenants in the License, Development and Noncompetition Agreement.


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In accordance with the agreements governing the relationship between Travel + Leisure Co. and Wyndham Hotels, Travel + Leisure Co. assumed two-thirds and Wyndham Hotels assumed one-third of certain contingent corporate liabilities of the Company incurred prior to the distribution,Spin-off, including liabilities of the Company related to certain terminated or divested businesses, certain general corporate matters, and any actions with respect to the separation plan. Likewise, Travel + Leisure Co. is entitled to receive two-thirds and Wyndham Hotels is entitled to receive one-third of the proceeds from certain contingent corporate assets of the Company arising or accrued prior to the distribution.

During 2018, the Company conveyed the lease for its former corporate headquarters located in Parsippany, New Jersey, to Wyndham Hotels, which resulted in the removal of a $66 million capital lease obligation and a $43 million asset from the Consolidated Balance Sheets.Spin-off.

Travel + Leisure Co. entered into a transition service agreement with Wyndham Hotels, pursuant to which the companies agreed to provide each other certain transitional services including human resources, facilities, payroll, tax, information technology, information management and related services, treasury, finance, sourcing, and employee benefits administration on an interim, transitional basis. During 2020 and 2019, the Company recognized transition service agreement expenses of less than $1 million were included in General and administrative expense. During 2019, transition service agreement expenses of $3 million, were included in General and administrative expense andon the Consolidated Statements of Income/(Loss). During 2019, the Company recognized transition service agreement expenses of $2 million which were included in Separation and related costs on the Consolidated Statements of Income/(Loss)/Income.. Transition service agreement income of $1 million in 2019 was included in Other revenue on the Consolidated Statements of Income/(Loss)/Income. During 2018, transition service agreement expenses were $8 million and transition service agreement income was $6 million. As of December 31, 2020, these. These transition services have ended.ended in 2020.

AsDuring 2019, as a result of the sale of the North American vacation rentals business to Vacasa, the Company paid Wyndham Hotels $5 million for a trade name royalty buy-out. The related expense was recorded as a reduction to Gain on sale of business on the Consolidated Statements of Income/(Loss)/Income..

Matters Related to the European Vacation Rentals Business
In connection with the sale of the Company’s European vacation rentals business to Awaze Limited (“Awaze”), formerly Compass IV Limited, an affiliate of Platinum Equity, LLC, the Company and Wyndham Hotels agreed to certain post-

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closingpost-closing credit support for the benefit of certain credit card service providers, a British travel association, and certain regulatory authorities to allow them to continue providing services or regulatory approval to the business. Post-closing credit support may be called if the business fails to meet its primary obligation to pay amounts when due. Awaze has provided an indemnification to Travel + Leisure Co. in the event that the post-closing credit support is enforced or called upon. Such post-closing credit support included a guarantee of up to $180 million which expired June 30, 2019.

At closing, the Company agreed to provide additional post-closing credit support to a British travel association and regulatory authority. An escrow was established at closing, of which $46 million was subsequently released in exchange for a secured bonding facility and a perpetual guarantee denominated in pound sterling of $46 million. The estimated fair value of the guarantee was $22 million at December 31, 2020.2021. The Company establishedmaintains a $7 million receivable from Wyndham Hotels for its portion of the guarantee.

During 2019, the Company reached an agreement with Awaze on certain post-closing adjustments, resulting in a reduction of proceeds by $27 million. In accordance with the separation agreement, the Company and Wyndham Hotels agreed to share two-thirds and one-third, in the European vacation rentals business’ final net proceeds (as defined by the sales agreement). The Company paid $40 million to Wyndham Hotels in 2019 for certain items including the return of the escrow, post-closing adjustments, transaction expenses, and estimated taxes.

The Company also deposited $5 million into an escrow account for which all obligations ceased to exist on May 9, 2019. The escrow was returned to the Company in May 2019.

In addition, the Company agreed to indemnify Awaze against certain claims and assessments, including income tax, value-added tax and other tax matters, related to the operations of the European vacation rentals business for the periods prior to the transaction. The estimated fair value of the indemnifications was $40$42 million at December 31, 2020.2021. The Company has a $13$14 million receivable from Wyndham Hotels for its portion of the guarantee.

During 2020, the Company recorded a $2 million loss on disposal resulting from a tax audit, net of Wyndham Hotels’ one-third share related to the European vacation rentals business. This additional expense was included within (Loss)/gain on disposal of discontinued businesses,business, net of income taxes on the Consolidated Statements of Income/(Loss)/Income..

Wyndham Hotels provided certain post-closing credit support primarily for the benefit of a British travel association in the form of guarantees which are mainly denominated in pound sterling of up to an approximate $81£61 million ($81 million USD) on a perpetual basis. These guarantees totaled $39£29 million ($39 million USD) at December 31, 2020.2021. Travel + Leisure Co. is responsible for two-thirds of these guarantees.

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As part of this agreement Wyndham Hotels iswas required to maintain minimum credit ratings which increased to Ba1 for Moody’s and BB+ for S&P on May 9, 2020. In April 2020, S&P downgraded Wyndham Hotels’ credit rating from BB+ to BB. Although any ultimate exposure relative to indemnities retained from the European vacation rentals sale willwould be shared two-thirds by Travel + Leisure Co. and one-third by Wyndham Hotels, as the selling entity, Travel + Leisure isCo. was responsible for administering additional security to enhance corporate guarantees in the event either company falls below a certain credit rating threshold. As a result of the Wyndham Hotels credit ratings downgrade, during the third quarter,2020, the Company posted a £58 million surety bond and a £36 million letter of credit ($79 million and $48 million ascredit. During the third quarter of December 31, 2020) which will be maintained until such time that either companies’2021, S&P and Moody’supgraded Wyndham Hotels’ credit rating improves to BB+/Ba1.. In connection with the upgrade of Wyndham Hotels’ credit rating and as part of the settlement of other claims, the surety bond and letter of credit were released during the fourth quarter of 2021.

The estimated fair value of the guarantees and indemnifications for which Travel + Leisure Co. is responsible related to the sale of the European vacation rentals business at December 31, 2020,2021, including the two-thirds portion related to guarantees provided by Wyndham Hotels, totaled $90 million and was recorded in Accrued expenses and other liabilities and total receivables of $21 million were included in Other assets on the Consolidated Balance Sheets, representing the portion of these guarantees and indemnifications for which Wyndham Hotels is responsible.

During 2019, Awaze proposed certain post-closing adjustments of $44£35 million which could serve($44 million USD) related to reduce the net consideration received from the sale of the European vacation rentals business. The Company finds no basis for such adjustments, and at this timeDuring the fourth quarter of 2021, the Company cannot reasonably estimateentered into a settlement agreement, contingent upon regulatory approval, to settle these post-closing adjustment claims for £5 million ($7 million USD), one-third of which is the probability or amountresponsibility of the potential liability that may be owed to Awaze, if any. Any potential liability would be shared two-thirds and one-third between the Company and Wyndham Hotels and the impact would be included in discontinued operations. After the close of the second quarter, Awaze filed its claim with the high courts of England and Wales. The Company filed its defense on September 25, 2020, setting forth its disagreement with the claim and rebuttal of any obligation for the amounts claimed.Hotels.


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Travel + Leisure Co. entered into a transition service agreement with Awaze, pursuant to which the companies agreed to provide each other certain transitional services including human resources, facilities, payroll, tax, information technology, information management and related services, treasury, finance, and sourcing on an interim, transitional basis. During 2020, transition service agreement expenses were less than $1 million and transition service agreement income was less than $1 million. During 2019, transition service agreement expenses were $2 million and transition service agreement income was $2 million. During 2018, transition service agreement expenses were $3 million and transition service agreement income was $3 million. Transition service agreement expenses were included in General and administrative expense and transition service income was included in Net revenues on the Consolidated Statements of Income/(Loss)/Income. As of September 30, 2020, these. These transition services have ended.ended in 2020.

Matters Related to the North American Vacation Rentals Business
In connection with the sale of the North American vacation rentals business, the Company agreed to indemnify Vacasa against certain claims and assessments, including income tax and other tax matters related to the operations of the North American vacationsvacation rentals business for the periods prior to the transaction. The estimated fair value of the indemnifications was $2 million, which was included in Accrued expenses and other liabilities on the Consolidated Balance SheetSheets as of December 31, 2020.2021.

In connection with the sale of the North American vacationsvacation rentals business in the fourth quarter of 2019, the Company entered into a transition service agreement with Vacasa, pursuant to which the companies agreed to provide each other certain transitional services including human resources, facilities, payroll, information technology, information management and related services, treasury, and finance on an interim, transitional basis. During 2021, transition service agreement expenses were less than $1 million and transition service agreement income was less than $1 million. During 2020, transition service agreement expenses were $1 million and transition service agreement income was $2 million. During 2019, transition service agreement expenses were $3 million and transition service agreement income was $3 million. Transition service agreement expenses were included in General and administrative expense and transition service income was included in Other revenue on the Consolidated Statements of Income/(Loss)/Income.. These transition services ended in February 2021.

30.    Selected Quarterly Financial Data - (unaudited)
Provided below is selected unaudited quarterly financial data for 2020.
 
2020 (a)
(in millions, except per share data)FirstSecondThirdFourth
Net revenues$558 $343 $614 $645 
Total expenses699 457 550 560 
Operating (loss)/income(141)(114)64 85 
Net (loss)/income from continuing operations(134)(164)40 
(Loss) on disposal of discontinued business, net of income taxes(2)
Net (loss)/income attributable to Travel + Leisure shareholders(134)(164)40 
Basic earnings/(loss) per share
Continuing operations$(1.54)$(1.92)$0.47 $0.05 
Discontinued operations(0.02)
$(1.54)$(1.92)$0.47 $0.03 
Diluted earnings/(loss) per share
Continuing operations$(1.54)$(1.92)$0.47 $0.05 
Discontinued operations(0.02)
$(1.54)$(1.92)$0.47 $0.03 
Weighted average shares outstanding
Basic86.9 85.4 85.9 86.1 
Diluted86.9 85.4 86.1 86.6 

Note:     The sum of the quarters may not agree to the Consolidated Statements of (Loss)/Income for the year ended December 31, 2020due to rounding.
(a)The results of operations for 2020 include impacts related to COVID-19. See Note 26—COVID-19 Related Items for additional details.




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Provided below is selected unaudited quarterly financial data for 2019.
 2019
(in millions, except per share data)
First (a)
Second (a)
Third (a)
Fourth
Net revenues$918 $1,039 $1,105 $981 
Total expenses778 841 891 790 
Gain on sale of business(68)
Operating income140 198 214 259 
Net income from continuing operations81 118 135 155 
(Loss)/gain on disposal of discontinued business, net of income taxes(1)12 
Net income attributable to Travel + Leisure shareholders80 124 135 167 
Basic earnings per share
Continuing operations$0.86 $1.27 $1.48 $1.73 
Discontinued operations(0.01)0.06 0.14 
$0.85 $1.33 $1.48 $1.87 
Diluted earnings per share
Continuing operations$0.85 $1.26 $1.47 $1.73 
Discontinued operations0.06 0.14 
$0.85 $1.32 $1.47 $1.87 
Weighted average shares outstanding
Basic94.4 93.0 91.7 89.5 
Diluted94.7 93.3 92.0 89.8 

Note:     The sum of the quarters may not agree to the Consolidated Statements of (Loss)/Income for the year ended December 31, 2019 due to rounding.
(a)The Company sold its North American vacation rentals business on October 22, 2019. This business did not meet the criteria to be classified as a discontinued operation; therefore, its results of operations are reflected within continuing operations through the date of sale.

31.    Related Party Transactions
During 2021, the fourth quarterCompany sold a parcel of land in Crossville, Tennessee, that is no longer core to the Company’s Operations to a former executive of the Company for less than $1 million.

During 2020, the Company sold parcels of land in Shawnee, Pennsylvania, that are no longer core to the Company’s operations to a former executive of the Company for less than $1 million.


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In March 2019, the Company entered into an agreement with a former executive of the Company whereby the former executive through an SPE would develop and construct VOI inventory located in Orlando, Florida. On July 8,In 2020, the Company acquired the completed vacation ownership property for $45 million. This agreement was subsequently amended during 2021, increasing the purchase to $47 million.

In August 2018, the Company provided notification to the owner trustee of the Company’s leased aircraft of its intent to exercise the purchase option for such aircraft at fair market value. In connection with that purchase, the Company entered into an agreement to sell the Company aircraft to its former CEO and current Chairman of the Board of Directors at a price equivalent to the purchase price. In January 2019, the transactiontransactions to purchase the aircraft and sell the aircraft for $16 million was closed. The Company occasionally sublets this aircraft for business travel through a timesharing arrangement, and incurred less than $1 million of expenses in 2021, 2020, and 2019.

32.    Subsequent Events
On January 5, 2021, Wyndham Destinations, Inc. acquired the Travel + Leisure brand from Meredith Corporation for $100 million, with $35 million paid at closing and trailing payments to be completed by June 2024. In addition, Wyndham Destinations, Inc. agreed to a five-year marketing commitment across Meredith’s portfolio of brands.

In connection with this acquisition, on February 17, 2021, Wyndham Destinations, Inc. was renamed Travel + Leisure Co. and will continue to trade on the New York Stock Exchange under the new ticker symbol TNL. The new Travel + Leisure Co. will continue to maintain its current portfolio of brands and products, with Vacation Ownership now serving as the

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umbrella brand for its vacation club resorts, and with Travel and Membership operating the exchange, membership travel, and technology businesses.

ITEM 9.    CHANGECHANGES IN AND DISAGREEMENTS WITH ACCOUNTANTS ON ACCOUNTING AND FINANCIAL DISCLOSURE
None.

ITEM 9A.    CONTROLS AND PROCEDURES
Disclosure Controls and Procedures. Our management, with the participation of our principal executive and principal financial officers, has evaluated the effectiveness of our disclosure controls and procedures (as such term is defined in Rule 13a-15(e) under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the “Exchange Act”) as of the end of the period covered by this report. Based on such evaluation, our principal executive and principal financial officers have concluded that, as of the end of such period, our disclosure controls and procedures were effective and operating to provide reasonable assurance that information required to be disclosed by us in the reports that we file or submit under the Exchange Act is recorded, processed, summarized and reported within the time periods specified in the rules and forms of the SEC,Securities and Exchange Commission, and to provide reasonable assurance that such information is accumulated and communicated to our management, including our principal executive and principal financial officers, as appropriate, to allow timely decisions regarding required disclosure.

Management’s Report on Internal Control over Financial Reporting. Our management is responsible for establishing and maintaining adequate internal control over financial reporting, as defined in Rule 13a-15(f) under the Exchange Act. Our management assessed the effectiveness of our internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2020.2021. In making this assessment, management used the criteria established in Internal Control - Integrated Framework (2013) issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission. Based on this assessment, our management believes that, as of December 31, 2020,2021, our internal control over financial reporting is effective. Our independent registered public accounting firm has issued an attestation report on the effectiveness of our internal control over financial reporting, see Item 8—Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm of this Annual Report on Form 10-K.

There have been no changes in our internal control over financial reporting (as such term is defined in Rule 13a-15(f) under the Exchange Act) during the most recent fiscal quarter to which this report relates that have materially affected or are reasonably likely to materially affect our internal control over financial reporting.

As a result of COVID-19, most of our employees began working remotely in late March 2020. We have not identified any material changes in our disclosure controls and procedures, nor our internal control over financial reporting as a result of this change. We are continually monitoring and assessing the COVID-19 situation to minimize the impact on the design and operating effectiveness of our internal controls.

ITEM 9B.    OTHER INFORMATION
None.

ITEM 9C.    DISCLOSURE REGARDING FOREIGN JURISDICTIONS THAT PREVENT INSPECTIONS
Note applicable.

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PART III
ITEM 10.    DIRECTORS, EXECUTIVE OFFICERS AND CORPORATE GOVERNANCE
Information concerning Executive Officers required by this item is located under the headings “Governance of the Company” and “Executive Officers of the Company”“Information about our Executive Officers” in the Proxy Statement for our 20212022 Annual Meeting of Shareholders and is incorporated herein by reference.

Information concerning Directors required by this item is located under the headings “Election of Directors” and “Nominations“Nominees for Elections to the Board” in the Proxy Statement for our 20212022 Annual Meeting of Shareholders and is incorporated herein by reference.

Information concerning the Audit Committee and the Code of Conduct and Business Ethics required by this item is located under the headings “Governance of the Company” and “Code of Business Conduct and Ethics” in the Proxy Statement for our 20212022 Annual Meeting of Shareholders and is incorporated herein by reference.

The Board of Directors maintains a Code of Business Conduct and Ethics for Directors with ethics guidelines specifically applicable to Directors. In addition, we maintain a Code of Conduct applicable to all our associates, including our Chief Executive Officer, Chief Financial Officer, and Chief Accounting Officer.

We will disclose on our website any amendment to or waiver from a provision of our Code of Business Conduct and Ethics for Directors or Code of Conduct as may be required and within the time period specified under the applicable Securities and Exchange Commission and New York Stock Exchange rules. The Code of Business Conduct and Ethics for Directors and our Code of Conduct are available on the Investor Relations page of our website at investor.travelandleisureco.com by clicking on the “Governance” link followed by the “Governance Documents” link. Copies of these documents may also be obtained free of charge by writing to our Corporate Secretary.

ITEM 11.    EXECUTIVE COMPENSATION
The information required by Item 11 is included in the Proxy Statement for our 20212022 Annual Meeting of Shareholders under the captions “Compensation of Directors,” “Executive Compensation” and “Committees of the Board,” and is incorporated herein by reference.

ITEM 12.    SECURITY OWNERSHIP OF CERTAIN BENEFICIAL OWNERS AND MANAGEMENT AND RELATED STOCKHOLDER MATTERS

Equity Compensation Plan Information as of December 31, 2020
2021
 Plan CategoryNumber of securities
to be issued upon exercise of
outstanding options,
warrants and rights
Weighted-average exercise price
of outstanding options, warrants
and rights
Number of securities remaining
available for future issuance under
equity compensation plans (excluding securities reflected in the first column)
Equity compensation plans approved by security holders
4.64.9 million(a)
$43.6545.32(b)
11.911.3 million(c)
Equity compensation plans not approved by security holdersNoneNot applicableNot applicable

(a)Consists of shares issuable upon exercise of stock-settled appreciation rights, non-qualified stock options, performance-vested restricted stock units, and restricted stock units.
(b)Consists of weighted-average exercise price of outstanding stock-settled appreciation rights and non-qualified stock options. The weighted-average exercise price does not reflect the shares that will be issued in connection with the settlement of performance-vested restricted stock units or restricted stock units, as these units have no exercise price.
(c)Consists of shares available for future grants under the 2006 Equity and Incentive Plan, as amended.
The remaining information required by Item 12 is included in the Proxy Statement for our 20212022 Annual Meeting of Shareholders under the caption “Ownership of Company Stock” and is incorporated herein by reference.

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ITEM 13.    CERTAIN RELATIONSHIPS AND RELATED TRANSACTIONS AND DIRECTOR INDEPENDENCE
The information required by Item 13 is included in the Proxy Statement for our 20212022 Annual Meeting of Shareholders under the captions “Related Party Transactions” and “Governance of the Company,” and is incorporated herein by reference.

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ITEM 14.    PRINCIPAL ACCOUNTING FEES AND SERVICES
The information required by Item 14 is included in the Proxy Statement for our 20212022 Annual Meeting of Shareholders under the captions “Disclosure About Fees” and “Pre-Approval of Audit and Non-Audit Services,” and is incorporated herein by reference.

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PART IV
ITEM 15.    EXHIBITS AND FINANCIAL STATEMENT SCHEDULES
(a) The following documents are filed as a part of this report:

(1) Financial Statements.

The following consolidated financial statements of Travel + Leisure Co. and its subsidiaries are filed as part of this report under Item 8 — 8—Financial Statements and Supplementary Data:
Data:
 Page
Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm
Consolidated Statements of Income/(Loss)/Income for the years ended December 31, 2021, 2020, 2019, and 20182019
Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income/(Loss)/Income for the years ended December 31, 2021, 2020, 2019, and 20182019
Consolidated Balance Sheets as of December 31, 20202021 and 20192020
Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows for the years ended December 31, 2021, 2020, 2019, and 20182019
Consolidated Statements of Equity/(Deficit)Deficit for the years ended December 31, 2021, 2020, 2019, and 20182019
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements

(2) Financial Schedules.

The financial statement schedule entitled “Schedule II – Valuation and Qualifying Accounts” has been omitted since the information required is included in the consolidated financial statements and notes thereto. Other schedules are omitted because they are not required.

(3) Exhibits.
See Exhibit Index commencing on page 131See Exhibit Index commencing on page 113 hereof.

The agreements included or incorporated by reference as exhibits to this report contain representations and warranties by each of the parties to the applicable agreement. These representations and warranties were made solely for the benefit of the other parties to the applicable agreement and (i) were not intended to be treated as categorical statements of fact, but rather as a way of allocating the contractual risk to one of the parties if those statements prove to be inaccurate, (ii) may have been qualified in such agreement by disclosures that were made to the other party in connection with the negotiation of the applicable agreement, (iii) may apply contract standards of “materiality” that are different from “materiality” under the applicable securities laws, (iv) were made only as of the date of the applicable agreement or such other date or dates as may be specified in the agreement, (v) may be qualified by a confidential disclosure schedule that contains some nonpublic information that is not material under applicable securities laws, and (vi) only parties to such agreement and specified third party beneficiaries, if any, have a right to enforce the agreement. We acknowledge that, notwithstanding the inclusion of the foregoing cautionary statements, we are responsible for considering whether additional specific disclosures of material information regarding material contractual provisions are required to make the statements in this report not misleading.

Exhibit Index
Exhibit No.Description of Exhibit
2.1
2.2
2.3
2.4
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2.5
113

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3.1
3.2
3.3
3.4
4.1
4.2
4.3
4.4
4.5
4.6
4.7
4.8
4.9
4.10
4.11
4.124.3
4.134.4
4.144.5
4.154.6
4.164.7
4.174.8
4.184.9
4.194.10
4.204.11
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4.214.12
4.224.13
4.23*4.14
4.15
4.16
10.1
10.2
10.3
10.4
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10.410.5
10.510.6
10.610.7
10.710.8
10.810.9
10.910.10
10.1010.11
10.1110.12
10.12*10.13
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10.1310.14
10.1410.15
10.1510.16†
10.1610.17†
10.1710.18†
10.19†
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10.20†
10.21†
10.22†
10.2010.23†
10.2110.24†
10.2210.25†
10.2310.26†
10.27†*
10.28†
10.25*10.29†
10.26*10.30†
10.2710.31†
10.2810.32†
10.2910.33†
10.30*10.34†
10.3110.35†
10.3210.36†
10.3310.37†
10.3410.38†
10.3510.39†
10.3610.40†
10.3710.41†
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10.3810.42†
10.3910.43†
10.4010.44†
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10.4110.45†
10.4210.46†
10.4310.47†
10.4410.48†
10.4510.49†
10.4610.50†
10.4710.51†
10.4810.52†
10.4910.53
10.5010.54
10.5110.55
10.5210.56
10.5310.57
10.5410.58
10.5510.59
10.5610.60
10.5710.61
10.5810.62†
10.5910.63
10.64
10.65
21.1*
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10.60
21.1*
23.1*
31.1*
31.2*
32**
101.INS*Inline XBRL Instance Document
101.SCH*Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Schema Document
101.CAL*Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Calculation Linkbase Document
101.DEF*Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Definition Linkbase Document
101.LAB*Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Label Linkbase Document
101.PRE*Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Presentation Linkbase Document
104*Cover Page Interactive Data File (formatted as Inline XBRL and contained in Exhibit 101)

* Filed with this report.
**    Furnished with this report.
Management contract or compensatory plan or arrangement.

ITEM 16.    FORM 10-K SUMMARY
None.

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SIGNATURES
Pursuant to the requirements of Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized.
 
TRAVEL + LEISURE CO.
By: 
/s/    MICHAEL D. BROWN        
 Michael D. Brown
 President and Chief Executive Officer
 Date: February 24, 202123, 2022
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, this report has been signed below by the following persons on behalf of the registrant and in the capacities and on the dates indicated.
NameTitleDate
/s/    MICHAEL D. BROWN
President, Chief Executive Officer and Director
(Principal Executive Officer)
February 24, 202123, 2022
Michael D. Brown
/s/    MICHAEL A. HUG
Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer
(Principal Financial Officer)
February 24, 202123, 2022
Michael A. Hug
/s/    ELIZABETH E. DREYER
Senior Vice President and Chief Accounting Officer
(Principal Accounting Officer)
February 24, 202123, 2022
Elizabeth E. Dreyer
/s/    STEPHEN P. HOLMES
Chairman of the Board of DirectorsFebruary 24, 202123, 2022
Stephen P. Holmes
/s/    LOUISE F. BRADY
DirectorFebruary 24, 202123, 2022
Louise F. Brady
/s/    JAMES E. BUCKMAN
DirectorFebruary 24, 202123, 2022
James E. Buckman
/s/    GEORGE HERRERA
DirectorFebruary 24, 202123, 2022
George Herrera
/s/    LUCINDA MARTINEZ
DirectorFebruary 23, 2022
Lucinda Martinez
/s/    DENNY MARIE POST
DirectorFebruary 24, 202123, 2022
Denny Marie Post
/s/    RONALD L. RICKLES
DirectorFebruary 24, 202123, 2022
Ronald L. Rickles
/s/    MICHAEL H. WARGOTZ
DirectorFebruary 24, 202123, 2022
Michael H. Wargotz

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