UNITED STATES SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
WASHINGTON, D.C. 20549

FORM 10-K

____________________________________
þ ANNUAL REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934
For the Fiscal Year Ended December 31, 2016
For the Fiscal Year Ended December 31, 2019
OR
o TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934
For the transition period from __________ to __________
Commission File Number 001-35504
FORUM ENERGY TECHNOLOGIES, INC.
(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)
Delaware 61-1488595
(State or other jurisdiction of incorporation or organization) (I.R.S. Employer Identification No.)
920 Memorial City Way, Suite 1000
Houston, Texas 77024
10344 Sam Houston Park DriveSuite 300HoustonTexas77064
(Address of Principal Executive Offices)(Zip Code)
(Address of principal executive offices)
Registrant’s telephone number, including area code:(281) 949-2500(713351-7900
Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:
Common stock, $0.01 par valueFETNew York Stock Exchange
(Title of Each Class)(Trading Symbol)(Name of Each Exchange on Which Registered)
Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(g) of the Act: None
Indicate by check mark if the registrant is a well-known seasoned issuer, as defined in Rule 405 of the Securities Act. Yes þNoo
Indicate by check mark if the registrant is not required to file reports pursuant to Section 13 or Section 15(d) of the Act. Yes oNoþ
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. Yesþ No o
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically and posted on its corporate Web site, if any, every Interactive Data File required to be submitted and posted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit and post such files). Yesþ No o
Indicate by check mark if disclosure of delinquent filers pursuant to Item 405 of Regulation S-K is not contained herein, and will not be contained, to the best of registrant’s knowledge, in definitive proxy or information statements incorporated by reference in Part III of this Form 10-K or any amendment to this Form 10-K. o
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer or a smaller reporting company or an emerging growth company. See the definitions of "large“large accelerated filer," "accelerated filer"” “accelerated filer,” “smaller reporting company” and "smaller reporting company"“emerging growth company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act. (Check one):Act:
Large accelerated filerþ
Accelerated filero
Non-accelerated filero
Smaller reporting companyo
Emerging growth company(Do not check if a smaller reporting company)  
If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act.
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act). Yes o No þ
The aggregate market value of Common Stock held by non-affiliates on June 30, 2016,28, 2019, determined using the per share closing price on the New York Stock Exchange Composite tape of $17.31 $3.42on June 30, 2016,28, 2019, was approximately $1.2 billion.$280.5 million. For this purpose, our executive officers and directors and SCF Partners L.P. and its affiliates are considered affiliates.
As of February 24, 2017,2020, there were 96,081,493110,513,007 common shares outstanding.
DOCUMENTS INCORPORATED BY REFERENCE
Portions of our Proxy Statement for the 20172020 Annual Meeting of Stockholders are incorporated by reference into Part III of this report.


1





Forum Energy Technologies, Inc.
Index to Form 10-K


PART I
PART II
PART III
PART IV




2





PART I


Item 1. Business
Forum Energy Technologies, Inc., a Delaware corporation (“Forum,” the “Company,” “we” or “us”) a Delaware corporation,, is a global oilfield products company, serving the drilling, downhole, subsea, completion,completions, and production and infrastructure sectors of the oil and natural gas industry. Our common shares are listed on the New York Stock Exchange ("NYSE"(“NYSE”) under the symbol "FET."“FET.” Our principal executive offices are located at 920 Memorial City Way, Suite 1000,10344 Sam Houston Park Drive, Houston, Texas 77024,77064, our telephone number is (281) 949-2500,(713) 351-7900, and our website is www.f-e-t.com. Our Annual Reports on Form 10-K, quarterly reports on Form 10-Q and current reports on Form 8-K, and all amendments thereto, are available free of charge on our Internet website as soon as reasonably practicable after such reports are electronically filed with or furnished to the Securities and Exchange Commission ("SEC"(“SEC”). These reports are also available aton the SEC's InternetSEC’s website at www.sec.gov. Information contained on or accessible from our website is not incorporated by reference into this Annual Report on Form 10-K and should not be considered part of this report or any other filing that we make with the SEC.
Overview
We are a global oilfield products company, serving the drilling, downhole, subsea, completions and production sectors of the oil and natural gas industry. We design, manufacture and distribute products and engage in aftermarket services, parts supply and related services that complement our product offering. Our product offering includes a mix ofThe Company's products include highly engineered capital equipment as well as products and frequently replaced items that are usedconsumed in the exploration, development,drilling, well construction, production and transportation of oil and natural gas. Our product offering includes a mix of frequently replaced consumable products and highly engineered capital products. Our consumable products are used in drilling, well construction and completions activities, within the supporting infrastructure, and at processing centers and refineries. Our engineered capital products are targeteddirected at: drilling rig equipment for new rigs, upgrades and refurbishment projects; subsea construction and development projects; pressure pumping equipment; the placement of production equipment on new producing wells; pressure pumping equipment; and downstream capital projects. Our engineered systems are critical components used on drilling rigs, for well completions or in the course of subsea operations, while our consumable products are used to maintain efficient and safe operations at well sites in the well construction process, within the supporting infrastructure and at processing centers and refineries. Historically,In 2019, over 60%80% of our revenue iswas derived from activity-based consumable products and activity-based equipment, while the balance iswas primarily derived from capital products andwith a small amount from rental and other services.
We seek to design, manufacture and supply high quality reliable products that create value for our diverse customer base, which includes, among others, oil and natural gas operators, land and offshore drilling contractors, oilfield service companies, subsea construction and service companies, in both oil and natural gas and non-oil and natural gas industries, and pipeline and refinery operators.
We operateIn the first quarter of 2019, we changed our reporting segments to align with business activity drivers and the manner in which management reviews and evaluates operating performance. Forum now operates in the following three reporting segments: Drilling & Downhole, Completions and Production, and we believe that this reporting segment structure better aligns with the key phases of the well cycle and provides improved operating efficiencies. Prior to this change, we operated in three business segments,segments: Drilling & Subsea, Completions, and Production & Infrastructure. The table below provides a summaryWe moved the Downhole product line from Completions to Drilling & Subsea to form the new Drilling & Downhole segment. Completions retained the Stimulation & Intervention and Coiled Tubing product lines. Finally, we renamed Production & Infrastructure the Production segment. Our historical results of proportional revenue contributions from our three business segments and our primary geographic markets over the last three years:operations have been recast to retrospectively reflect these changes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles.
 Percentage of revenue
 Year ended December 31,
 2016 2015 2014
Drilling & Subsea38% 45% 50%
Completions22% 25% 25%
Production & Infrastructure40% 30% 25%
   Total100% 100% 100%
      
United States62% 60% 60%
Canada7% 5% 6%
Other International31% 35% 34%
   Total100% 100% 100%
We incorporate by reference in response to this item the segment and geographic information for the last three years set forth in "Management's DiscussionNote 17 Business Segments, and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations – Results of operations" in Item 7 of this Annual Report on Form 10-K and Note 15 of the Notes to consolidated financial statements included in Item 8 of this Annual Report on Form 10-K. We also incorporate by reference in response to this item the information with respect to acquisitions is set forth in "Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and

3



Results of Operations – Acquisitions" in Item 7 and in Note 3 of our Notes to consolidated financial statements included in Item 8 of this Annual Report on Form 10-K.4 Acquisitions & Dispositions.
Drilling & SubseaDownhole segment
In our Drilling & SubseaDownhole segment, we design, manufacture and supply products and provide related services to the drilling, downhole and subsea construction markets. Through this segment, we offer drilling technologies, including capital equipment and a broad line of products consumed in the drilling process; downhole technologies, including cementing and casing tools, protection products for artificial lift equipment and cables; and subsea technologies, including robotic vehicles and other capital equipment, specialty components and tooling, a broad suite of complementary subsea technical services, and rental items, and products used in pipeline infrastructure.
There are several factors that drive demand for our Drilling & SubseaDownhole segment. Our Drilling Technologies product line is influenced by global drilling activity,activity; the level of capital investment in drilling rigs,rigs; rig upgrades and equipment replacement as drilling contractors modify their existing rigs to increase capability or improve efficiency and safety,safety; and the number of rigs and well service equipment in use and the severity of the conditions under which they operate. Our Downhole Technologies product line is impacted by the level of well completion activity and complexity of well construction and completion.

3



Demand for our subsea products is impacted by global offshore activity, defense spending, subsea equipment and pipeline installation, repair and maintenance spending, and growth in offshore resource development.
Drilling Technologies. Technologies.We provide both drilling capital equipment and consumables, with a focus on products that enhance our customers'customers’ handling of tubulars and drilling fluids on the drilling rig. Our product offering includes powered and manual tubular handling equipment; specialized torque equipment; customized offline crane systems; drilling data acquisition management systems; pumps, pump parts, valves, and manifolds; drilling well servicing and hydraulic fracturing fluid end components, andcomponents; a broad line of items consumed in the drilling process.process; and digital monitoring products.
Drilling capital equipment. We design and manufacture a range of powered and manual tubular handling tools used on onshore and offshore drilling rigs. Our Forum B+V Oil Tools and Wrangler™ branded tools reduce direct human involvement in the handling of pipe during drilling operations, improving safety, speed and efficiency of operations. Our tubular handling tools include elevators, clamps, slip handles, tong handles, powered slips, spiders and kelly spinners. Our hydraulic catwalks mechanize the lifting and lowering of tubulars to and from the drill floor, eliminating or reducing the need for traditional drill pipe and casing "pick-up“pick-up and lay-down"lay-down” operations with associated personnel. In addition, our make-up and break-out tools, called Forum B+V Oil Tools Floorhand™FloorhandTM and Wrangler Roughneck™, automate a potentially dangerous rig floor task and improve rig drilling speed and safety. We also design and manufacture specialized torque equipment and related control systems for tubular connections, including high torque stroking, or bucking units, fully rotational torque units, portable torque units for field deployment, and provide aftermarket service. In addition, we design and manufacture a range of rig-based offline activity cranes and multi-purpose cranes and personnel transfer solutions. Many of these cranes are fit-for-purpose multi-axis cranes that provide access to hard-to-reach places and eliminate the need for manual interface.cranes.
In addition to powered tubular handling equipment, materials handling and personnel transfer equipment, we design and manufacture drilling manifold systems and high pressure piping packages. We also manufacture drill floor instrumentation and monitoring systems. These systems provide real-time monitoring and logging of drilling data to drilling contractors, and oil and natural gas producers on the rig and at remote locations.
Finally, we repair and service drilling equipment for both land and offshore rigs. Many of our service employees work in the field to address problems at the rig site.
Consumable products. We manufacture a range of consumable products used on drilling rigs, well servicing rigs, pressure pumping units, and hydraulic fracturing systems. Our consumable products include valves, centrifugal pumps, mud pump parts,fluid end components, mud pump modules, rig sensors, inserts, and dies. We are also a supplier of oilfield bearings to original equipment manufacturers and repair businesses for use onin drilling and well stimulation equipment.
Downhole Technologies. We manufacture a broad line of downhole products that are consumed during the well construction, completion and production phases of a well’s lifecycle.
Downhole protection systems. We offer a full range of downhole protection solutions and artificial lift accessories through our various brands such as Cannon Services™ and Multilift. The Cannon Services clamp, Forum cast clamp and protection products are used to shield downhole control lines, cables and gauges during installation and to provide protection during production enhancement operations. We design and manufacture a full range of downhole protection solutions for electrical submersible pump (“ESP”) cabling, encapsulated control lines, sub-surface safety valves and permanent downhole gauges. We provide both standard and customized protection systems, and we utilize a range of materials in our products for various downhole environments. SandGuard™ and Cyclone™ completion tools extend the useful life of an ESP by protecting it against sand and other solids after shutdown. Forum GasGuard™ breaks down gas slugs, creating an uninterrupted flow of liquid through an ESP.
Casing and cementing tools. Through our Davis-Lynch™ branded downhole well construction operations, we design and manufacture products used in the construction of oil and natural gas wells. We design and manufacture a full range of centralizers, float equipment, stage cementing tools, inflatable packers, flotation collars, cementing plugs, mudline suspension and surge reduction equipment. Our products are used globally in the construction of onshore and offshore wells.
Other downhole products. We manufacture a line of downhole composite plugs, which are primarily used for zonal isolation during multi-stage hydraulic fracturing in horizontal and vertical wells.
Our primary customers in this product line are oil and natural gas producers, and service companies providing completions, artificial lift and other intervention services to producers.
Subsea Technologies.We design and manufacture capital equipment and specialty components used in the subsea sector and provide a broad suite of complementary subsea technical services and rental items.services. We have a core focus on the design and manufacture of remotely operated vehicle ("ROV"(“ROV”) systems, and other specialty subsea vehicles, and rescue submarines, as well as critical components of these vehicles. Many of our related technical services complement our vehicle offerings.

4




Subsea vehicles. We are a leading designer and manufacturer of a wide range of ROVs that we supply to the offshore subsea construction, observation and related service markets. The market for subsea ROVs can be segmented into three broad classes of vehicles based on size and category of operations: (1) large work-class vehicles and trenchers for subsea construction and installation activities, (2) drilling-class vehicles deployed from and for use around an

4



offshore rig and (3) observation-class vehicles for inspection and light manipulation. We are a leading provider of work-class and observation-classobservation class vehicles.
We design and manufacture large work-class ROVs through our Perry® brand. These vehicles are principally used in deepwater construction applications with the largest vehicles providing up to 200250 horsepower, exceeding 1,200 pounds of payload capacity and having the capability to work in depths up to 4,0005,000 meters. In addition to work-class ROVs, we design and manufacture large subsea trenchers that travel along the sea floor for digging, installation and burial operations. The largest of these subsea trenchers provides up to 1,500 horsepower and is able to cut over three meters deep into the seafloor to lay pipelines, power cables or communications cables.
Our Forum Sub-Atlantic® branded observation-class vehicles are electrically powered and are principally used for inspection, survey and light manipulation, and serve a wide range of industries.
Designed primarily for the defense market, our subsea rescue vehicles are designed for a range of tasks including submarine rescue operations, diver support, seabed survey, port security, under hull search and a variety of other tasks.
Our subsea vehicle customers are primarily large offshore construction companies, but also includeincluding non-oil and natural gas industry entities, such as a range of governmental organizations including navies, maritime science and geoscience research organizations, offshore wind power companies, and other industries operating in marine environments.
Subsea products.products and technical services. In addition to subsea vehicles, we are a leading manufacturer of subsea products and components. We design and manufacture a group of products that are used in and around the ROV. For example, we manufacture Dynacon™Dynacon® branded ROV launch and recovery systems, Syntech™Syntech® branded syntactic foam buoyancy components, Sub-Atlantic® branded ROV thrusters, and a wide range of hydraulic power units and valve packs. We design and manufacture these ROV components for incorporation into our own vehicles as well as for sale to other ROV manufacturers. We also provide a broad suite of subsea tooling, both industry standard and custom designed.
In addition to vehicle-related subsea products, we provide products used in subsea infrastructure, including subsea pipeline inspection gauge launching and receiving systems, and subsea connectors. Our primary customers in this product line are offshore pipeline construction companies.
Subsea technical services and rental. We maintain a fleetbroad suite of subsea rental items, primarily subsea positioning equipment. Our customerstechnical services.
Subsea rental. On January 3, 2018, we contributed our Forum Subsea Rentals (“FSR”) business into Ashtead Technology, in exchange for rental items are primarily subsea construction and offshore service companies. In addition, we offer a system that offers40% interest in the combined business. The transaction created a complete solution for digital video capture, playback, processing and reportingmarket leading independent provider of subsea inspection survey data. We also maintain a geophysical and geotechnical engineering group that provides consulting servicesROV equipment rental services. Our interest in the combined business was presented in our consolidated financial statements as an equity method investment in the Drilling and Downhole segment. On September 3, 2019, we sold our aggregate 40% interest in Ashtead to the oil and natural gas, and marine industries, typicallymajority owners of Ashtead. Refer to interpret and analyze third party subsea data provided by clients.Note 4 Acquisitions & Dispositions for additional information.
Completions segment
In our Completions segment, we design, manufacture and supply products and provide related services to the well construction, completion,coiled tubing, stimulation and intervention markets. Through this segment, we offer downhole technologies, including cementing and casing tools, completion products, and a range of downhole cable protection solutions; and stimulation and intervention technologies, including hydraulic fracturing pumps, pump consumables, cooling systems, flow iron, wireline cable and pressure control equipment as well stimulation consumable products andas related recertification and refurbishment services. We also offer coiled tubing products, including coiled tubing strings and coiled line pipe.
There are several factors driving demand for our Completions segment. Our Downhole TechnologiesStimulation & Intervention and Coiled Tubing product line is impacted by the level of well completion activity, and complexity of well construction and completion. Our Stimulation and Intervention product line islines are impacted by the use of hydraulic fracturing to develop oil and natural gas reserves in shale or tight sand basins across North America and the level of workover and intervention activity.
Downhole Technologies.We manufacture a broad line of downhole products that are consumed during the well construction, completion and production enhancement processes.
Casing and cementing tools. Through our Davis-Lynch branded downhole well construction and completion tools business, we design and manufacture products used in the construction of oil and natural gas wells. We design and manufacture a full range of centralizers, float equipment, stage cementing tools, inflatable packers, flotation collars, cementing plugs, fill and circulation tools for running casing, casing hangers and surge reduction equipment. Our products are used in the construction of onshore and offshore wells.

5



Completion products. We manufacture a line of downhole completion tools, including composite plugs, wireline flow-control products and packers. Our composite plugs are primarily used for zonal isolation during multi-stage hydraulic fracturing in horizontal and vertical wells. The composite construction with metal slips allows the plugs to be drilled out quickly to improve service efficiency. We offer a variety of plug sizes to fit various casings as well as a range of temperature and pressure ratings to accommodate different well environments. Our wireline flow-control products include a number of components included in most completions such as landing nipples, circulating sleeves, blanking plugs and separation tools. Our packers include retrievable and permanent packers, bridge plugs, and accessories to oilfield service providers and packer repair companies.
Downhole protection systems. We offer a full range of downhole protection solutions through our Cannon Services brand. The clamp and protection system is used to shield downhole control lines, cables and gauges during installation and to provide protection during production enhancement operations. We design and manufacture a full range of downhole protection solutions for electrical submersible pump ("ESP") cabling, encapsulated control lines, sub-surface safety valves and permanent downhole gauges. We provide both standard and customized protection systems, and we utilize a range of materials in our products for various downhole environments.
Our primary customers in this product line are oil and natural gas producers, and service companies providing completion, ESP and other intervention services to producers.
Stimulation and Intervention. We provide a broad range of high pressure pumps and flow equipment used by well stimulation, or pressure pumping, companies during stimulation, intervention (principally plug and perforation activity) and flowback processes. We design and manufacture pressure control plug, chokepower end and relief valves, swivel joints, pup jointsfluid end assemblies, industrial heat exchanger and integral fittings,cooling systems, manifolds and manifold trailers, as well as triplex and quintuplex fluid-end assemblies.treating iron. Frequent refurbishment and recertification of flow equipment is critical to ensuring the reliable and safe operation of a pressure pumping company's fleet. We perform these services at various locations and operate a fleet of mobile refurbishment and recertification tractor trailers, which can be deployed to the customer's yard. We serve many of the unconventional basins acrossthroughout North America and seek to position our stocking and service locations in proximity to our customers' operations.

5



We also manufacture pressure control products that are used for well intervention operations and are sold directly to oilfield service companies and equipment rental companies. These products includecompanies both domestically and internationally including blowout preventers for coiled tubing and wireline blowout preventersunits and their accessories.our Hydraulic Latch Assembly which is used to facilitate efficient zipper fracturing operations. In addition, we manufacture electro-mechanical wireline cables as well as innovative EnviroLite (greaseless) cables. We also conduct aftermarket refurbishment and recertification services for pressure control equipment. In addition to blowout preventers for wireline units, we manufacture electro-mechanical wireline cables.
Our primary customers in the Stimulation and Intervention product line are pressure pumping and flowback service companies, although we also generate sales to original equipment manufacturers of pressure pumping units.
Coiled Tubing. We manufacture Global Tubing, LLC ("Global Tubing"), a joint venture among us and an equal partner (with Global Tubing's management retaining a small interest) is a manufacturer ofTubing® branded coiled tubing strings and coiled line pipe and provide related services. Global Tubing® coiledCoiled tubing strings are consumable components of coiled tubing units that perform well completion and intervention activities. Our investmentcoiled line pipe offering serves as an alternative to conventional line pipe in Global Tubing is reportedonshore and subsea applications.
Our primary customers in the Completions segment using the equity method of accounting.Coiled Tubing product line are service companies that provide coiled tubing services globally.
Production & Infrastructure segment
In our Production & Infrastructure segment, we design, manufacture and supply products and provide related equipment and services to the production and infrastructure markets. Through this segment, we supply production equipment, including well site production equipment and process equipment;equipment, and valve solutions, including a broad range of industrial and process valves.
The level of spending to bring new wells on production, including the related infrastructure, is the primary driver for our Production & Infrastructure segment. Our Production Equipment product line also has exposure to the amount of spending on midstream and downstream projects, as it offers products that go from the well site to inside the refinery fence. Our Valve Solutions product line is impacted by the level of infrastructure additions, upgrades and maintenance activities across the oil and natural gas industry, including the upstream, midstream and downstream sectors. This includes heavy oil development in Canada and investments in new petrochemical facilities. In addition, our valves are used in the power, process, petrochemical and mining industries.
Production Equipment. Our surface Production Equipment product line provides engineered process systems and field services for capital equipment used at the wellsite and for production processing in the United States.U.S. Once a well has been drilled, completed and brought on stream, we provide the well operator-produceroperator or producer with the process equipment necessary to make the oil or natural gas ready for transmission. We engineer, fabricate and install tanks,

6



separators, packaged production systems and American Society of Mechanical Engineers ("ASME") and American Petroleum Institute ("API") coded and non-coded pressure vessels, skidded vessels with gas measurement, modular process plants, header and manifold skids, process and flow control equipment and separators to help clean and process oil or natural gas as it travels from the wellhead and along the transmission line to the refinery. Our customers are principally oil and natural gas operators/operators or producers and our manufacturing and staging locations are positioned across North America to best serve the key emerging shale and unconventional resource plays.
A key to our competiveness is manufacturing tanks and pressure vessels in relatively close proximity to their location of use to reduce freight costs, as well as helping our customers manage their production equipment needs as their drilling programs progress. We have five North American manufacturing locations and two service centers. To ensure smooth delivery of equipment, we maintain a fleet of specialized trucks and crews that can deliver and install the production equipment on the well site..
We also design and provide process oil and produced water treatment equipment, including desalters and dehydrators, used in refineries and other process applications worldwide. We have a team of technicians and field service engineers for repair and installation, and we supply a broad range of replacement parts for our equipment and other manufacturers. This equipment removes sand, water and suspended solids from hydrocarbons prior to their transmission or refining.
Valve Solutions. We design, manufacture and provide a wide range of industrial valves that principally serve the upstream, midstream and downstream markets of the oil and natural gas industry. To a lesser extent, our valves serve general industrial, power and process industry customers as well as the mining industry. We provide ball, gate, globe, check and butterfly valves across a range of sizes and applications.
We market our valves to our customers and end users through our recognized brands: PBV™PBV®, DSI®DSI®, Quadrant®Quadrant®, Accuseal®Accuseal®, and ABZ™ABZ®. Much of our production is sold through distribution supply companies, with our marketing efforts targeting end users for pull through of our valve products. Our global sales force and representatives cover approximately 30 countries, with local sales and distribution in Australia and Canada. Our Canadian company providesoperations provide significant exposure to the heavy oil projects.
Our manufacturing and supply chain systems enable us to design and produce high-quality engineered valves, as well as provide standardized products, while maintaining competitive pricing and minimizing capital requirements. We also utilize our international manufacturing partners to produce components and completed products for a number of our other valve brands.
Depending on the product, we manufacture our valves are manufactured to conform to the standards of one or more of the API, American National Standards Institute, American Bureau of Shipping, and International Organization for Standardization and/or

6



other relevant standards governing the design and manufacture of industrial valves. Through our Valve Solutions product line, we participate in the API'sAPI’s standard-setting process.
Business history
Forum was incorporated in 2005 and formed through a series of acquisitions. In August 2010, Forum Oilfield Technologies, Inc. (“FOT”), was renamed Forum Energy Technologies, Inc., when four other companies were merged into Forum. On April 17, 2012, we completed our initial public offering.
Backlog
As we provide a mix of consumable products, capital goods, consumable products,and repair parts and rental services, a majority of our business does not require lengthy lead times. AThe majority of the orders and commitments included in our backlog as of December 31, 20162019 were scheduled to be delivered within six months. Our backlog net of cancellations, was approximately $165$173 million at December 31, 20162019 and approximately $183$276 million at December 31, 2015.
2018. Substantially all of the projects currently included in our backlog are subject to change and/or termination at the option of the customer. In the case of a change or termination, the customer is generally required to pay us for work performed and other costs necessarily incurred as a result of the change or termination. Prior to 2015, terminations and cancellations had not been material to our overall operating results. Since 2015, we have observed an increase in terminations and cancellations. Going forward, itIt is difficult to predict how much of our current backlog will be delayed or terminated, or subject to changes, as well as our ability to collect termination or change fees.

7



Our consumable and repair products are predominantly off-the-shelf items requiring short lead-times, generally less than six months, and our related refurbishment or other services are also not contracted with significant lead time. The composition of our backlog is reflective of our mix of capital equipment, consumable products, aftermarket and other related items. Our bookings, which consist of written orders or commitments for our products or related services, during the years ended December 31, 20162019 and 20152018 were approximately $597$863 million and $870$1,116 million, respectively.
Customers
No customer represented more than 10% of consolidated revenue in any of the last three years.
Seasonality
A substantial portion of our business is not significantly impacted by seasonality. We do, however, generally experience lower sales and profitability in the fourth quarter due to a decrease in working days caused by calendar year-end holidays, and manufacturing and shipping delays caused by weather. In addition, given the geographic proximity of a number of our facilities to the Gulf Coast, we are subject to business interruptions caused by hurricanes and tropical storms. A small portion of the revenue we generate from selectedselect Canadian operations often benefits from higher first quarter activity levels, as operators take advantage of the winter freeze to gain access to remote drilling and production areas. We also experience some exposure to seasonality through the portion of our subsea rental business that serves the North Sea. Due to the harsh winter environment, it is customary for North Sea activity to slow down between the months of November and February. Revenue exposed to this type of seasonality, however, comprised less than 5% of our overall revenue in 2016.2019.
Competition
The markets in which we operate are highly competitive. We compete with a number of companies, some of which have greater financial and other resources than we do. The principal competitive factors in our markets are product quality and performance, price, breadth of product offering, availability of products and services, distribution capabilities, responsiveness to customer needs, and reputation for service.service and intellectual property rights. We believe our products and services in each segment are at least comparable in price, quality, performance and dependability with our competitors'competitors’ offerings. We seek to differentiate ourselves from our competitors by providing a rapid response to the needs of our customers, a high level of customer service, and innovative product development initiatives. Some of our competitors expend greater amounts of money on formal research and engineering efforts than we do. We believe, however, that our product development efforts are enhanced by the investment of management time we make to improve our customer service and to work with our customers on their specific product needs and challenges.
Although we have no single competitor across all of our product lines, the companies we compete with across the greatest number of our product lines include Cameron International Corporation (a subsidiary of Schlumberger), Exterran Corp.Gardner Denver Holdings, Inc., National Oilwell Varco, Inc., TechnipFMC plc, Tenaris S.A., Weatherford International, Ltd., and Weir SPM, a subsidiary of The Weir Group.

7



Patents, trademarks and other intellectual property
We currently hold multiple U.S. and international patents and trademarks and have a number of pending patent and trademark applications. Although in the aggregate our patents, trademarks and licenses are important to us, we do not regard any single patent, trademark or license as critical or essentialmaterial to our business as a whole.
Raw materials
We acquire component parts, products and raw materials from suppliers, including foundries, forge shops, and original equipment manufacturers. The prices we pay for our raw materials may be affected by, among other things, energy, steel and other commodity prices, tariffs and duties on imported materials and foreign currency exchange rates. Certain of our component parts, products or raw materials, such as bearings, are only available from a limited number of suppliers. Please see "Risk“Risk factors—Risks related to our business—We are subject to the risk of supplier concentration."
We cannot assure you that we willmay not be able to continue to purchase raw materials on a timely basis or at acceptable prices. We generally try to purchase our raw materials from multiple suppliers so that we are not dependent on any one supplier, but this is not always possible.

8



Working capital
We fund our business operations through a combination of available cash and cash equivalents, short-term investments, and cash flow generated from operations. In addition, the revolving portion of our senior secured revolving credit facility (the “Credit Facility”) is available for working capital needs. For a summary of our credit facility,Credit Facility, please read "Management's“Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations – Operations—Liquidity and capital resources."Capital Resources.”
Inventory
An important consideration for many of our customers in selecting a vendor is timely availability of the product. Customers may pay a premium for earlier or immediate availability because of the cost of delays in critical operations. We stock our consumable products in regional warehouses around the world so that we can have these products are available for our customers when needed. This availability is especially critical for certain consumable products, causing us to carry substantial inventories for these products. For critical capital items in which demand is expected to be strong, we often build certain items before we have a firm order. Our having such goods available on short notice can be of great value to our customers. We also stockpilestock raw materials and components in order to be in a position to build products in response to market demand.
We typically offer our customers payment terms of net 30 days, although during downturns in activity, such as our industry experienced beginning in the second half of 2014, customers often take 60 days or more to settle accounts. For sales into certain countries or for select customers, we might require payment upfront or credit support through a letter of credit. For longer term projects, we typically require progress payments as important milestones are reached. On average, we collect our receivables in about 60 days from shipment resulting in a substantial investment in accounts receivable. Likewise, standard terms with our vendors are net 6090 days. For critical items sourced from significant vendors, we have settled accounts more quickly, sometimes in exchange for early payment discounts.
Environmental, transportation, health and safety regulation
Our operations are subject to numerous stringent and complex laws and regulations governing the discharge of materials into the environment, health and safety aspects of our operations, or otherwise relating to human health and environmental protection. We also operate vehicles that are subject to federal and state transportation regulations. Failure to comply with these laws or regulations or to obtain or comply with permits may result in the assessment of administrative, civil and criminal penalties, imposition of remedial or corrective action requirements, and the imposition of injunctions to prohibit certain activities or force future compliance.
The trend in environmental regulation has been to impose increasingly stringent restrictions and limitations on activities that may impact the environment, and thus, any changes in environmental laws and regulations or in enforcement policies that result in more stringent and costly waste handling, storage, transport, disposal, or remediation requirements could have a material adverse effect on our operations and financial position. Moreover, accidental releases or spills of regulated substances may occur in the course of our operations, and if so, we cannot assure you that we will notmay incur significant costs and liabilities as a result of such releases or spills, including any third party claims for damage to property, natural resources or persons.

8



The following is a summary of the more significant existing environmental, health and safety laws and regulations to which our business operations are subject and for which compliance may have a material adverse impact on our capital expenditures, results of operations or financial position.
Hazardous substances and waste
The Resource Conservation and Recovery Act (the "RCRA"“RCRA”) and comparable state statutes, regulate the generation, transportation, treatment, storage, disposal and cleanup of hazardous and non-hazardous wastes. Under the auspices of the Environmental Protection Agency (the "EPA"“EPA”), the individual states administer some or all of the provisions of the RCRA, sometimes in conjunction with their own, more stringent requirements. We are required to manage the transportation, storage and disposal of hazardous and non-hazardous wastes in compliance with the RCRA.

9



The Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation, and Liability Act (the "CERCLA"“CERCLA”), also known as the Superfund law, imposes joint and several liability, without regard to fault or legality of conduct, on classes of persons who are considered to be responsible for the release of a hazardous substance into the environment. These persons include the owner or operator of the site where the release occurred, and anyone who disposed or arranged for the disposal of a hazardous substance released at the site. We currently own, lease, or operate numerous properties that have been used for manufacturing and other operations for many years. We also contract with waste removal services and landfills. These properties and the substances disposed or released on them may be subject to the CERCLA, RCRA and analogous state laws. Under such laws, we could be required to remove previously disposed substances and wastes, remediate contaminated property, or perform remedial operations to prevent future contamination. In addition, it is not uncommon for neighboring landowners and other third-parties to file claims for personal injury and property damage allegedly caused by hazardous substances released into the environment.
Water discharges
The Federal Water Pollution Control Act (the "Clean“Clean Water Act"Act”) and analogous state laws impose restrictions and strict controls with respect to the discharge of pollutants, including spills and leaks of oil and other substances, into waters of the United States.U.S. The discharge of pollutants into regulated waters is prohibited, except in accordance with the terms of a permit issued by the EPA or an analogous state agency. A responsible party includes the owner or operator of a facility from which a discharge occurs. The Clean Water Act and analogous state laws provide for administrative, civil and criminal penalties for unauthorized discharges and, together with the Oil Pollution Act of 1990, impose rigorous requirements for spill prevention and response planning, as well as substantial potential liability for the costs of removal, remediation, and damages in connection with any unauthorized discharges.
Air emissions
The Federal Clean Air Act (the "Clean“Clean Air Act"Act”) and comparable state laws regulate emissions of various air pollutants through air emissions permitting programs and the imposition of other emission control requirements. In addition, the EPA has developed, and continues to develop, stringent regulations governing emissions of toxic air pollutants at specified sources. Non-compliance with air permits or other requirements of the Clean Air Act and associated state laws and regulations can result in the imposition of administrative, civil and criminal penalties, as well as the issuance of orders or injunctions limiting or prohibiting non-compliant operations.
Climate change
In December 2009, the EPA determined that emissions of carbon dioxide, methane and other "greenhouse gases"“greenhouse gases” (“GHGs”) present an endangerment to public health and the environment because emissions of such gases are, according to the EPA, contributing to warming of the earth'searth’s atmosphere and other climatic changes. Based on these findings, the EPA has begun adopting and implementing regulations to restrict emissions of greenhouse gases under existing provisions of the Clean Air Act.
In addition, the U.S. Congress has from time to time considered adopting legislation to reduce emissions of greenhouse gases and almost one-half of the states have already taken legal measures to reduce emissions of greenhouse gases primarily through the planned development of greenhouse gas emission inventories and/or regional greenhouse gas cap and trade programs. Most of these cap and trade programs work by requiring major sources of emissions, such as electric power plants, or major producers of fuels, such as refineries and gas processing plants, to acquire and surrender emission allowances. The number of allowances available for purchase is reduced each year in an effort to achieve the overall greenhouse gas emission reduction goal. Finally, inIn April 2016, the United StatesU.S. signed the Paris Agreement, which requires member countries to review and “represent a progression” in their nationally determined contributions, which set GHG emission reduction goals, every five years. In June 2017, President Trump announced that the U.S. will

9



withdraw from the Paris Agreement unless it is renegotiated. The State Department informed the United Nations of the U.S. withdrawal in August 2017. However, the earliest effective date of this withdrawal pursuant to the terms of the Paris Agreement is November 2020.
The adoption of legislation or regulatory programs to reduce emissions of greenhouse gases could require us to incur increased operating costs, such as costs to purchase and operate emissions control systems, to acquire emissions allowances or comply with new regulatory or reporting requirements. Any such legislation or regulatory programs could also increase the cost of consuming, and thereby reduce demand for, the oil and natural gas produced by our customers. Consequently, legislation and regulatory programs to reduce emissions of greenhouse gases could have an adverse effect on our business, financial condition and results of operations. Finally, it should be noted that some scientists have concluded that increasing concentrations of greenhouse gases in the earth'searth’s atmosphere may produce climate changes that have significant physical effects, such as increased frequency and severity of storms, droughts, and floods and other climatic events. If any such effects were to occur, they could have an adverse effect on our business, financial condition, results of operations and cash flow. For more information, please read “Risk Factors-Climate change

10



legislation or regulations restricting emissions of greenhouse gases could increase our operating costs or reduce demand for our products.”
Hydraulic fracturing
A significant percentage of our customers'customers’ oil and natural gas production is being developed from unconventional sources, such as hydrocarbon shales. These formations require hydraulic fracturing completion processes to release the oil or natural gas from the rock so that it can flow through the formations. Hydraulic fracturing involves the injection of water, sand and chemicals under pressure into the formation to stimulate production. A number of federal agencies, including the EPA and the U.S. Department of Energy, are analyzing, or have been requested to review, a variety of environmental issues associated with shale development, including hydraulic fracturing. For instance, the EPA released the final results of its comprehensive research studyMoreover, various political groups are requesting a ban on the potential adverse impacts that hydraulic fracturing may have on drinking water resources in December 2016. The EPA concluded that hydraulic fracturing activities can impact drinking water resources under some circumstances, including large volume spills and inadequate mechanical integrity of wells.federal lands. In addition, some states have adopted, and other states are considering adopting, regulations that could impose more stringent disclosure and/or well construction requirements on hydraulic fracturing operations. Local governments may also seek to adopt ordinances within their jurisdictions regulating the time, place and manner of drilling activities in general or hydraulic fracturing activities in particular, in some cases banning hydraulic fracturing entirely.Weentirely. We cannot predict whether any such legislation will ever be enacted and if so, what its provisions would be. If additional levels of regulation and permits were required through the adoption of new laws and regulations at the federal or state level, that could lead to delays, increased operating costs and process prohibitions for our customers that could reduce demand for our products and services, which would materially adversely affecthave a material adverse impact on our revenues, results of operations and cash flows. For more information, please read “Risk Factors-Potential legislation or regulations restricting the use of hydraulic fracturing could reduce demand for our products.”
Employee health and safety
We are subject to a number of federal and state laws and regulations, including the federal Occupational Safety and Health Act ("OSHA"(“OSHA”) and comparable state statutes, establishing requirements to protect the health and safety of workers. In addition, the OSHA hazard communication standard, the EPA community right-to-know regulations under Title III of the federal Superfund Amendment and Reauthorization Act and comparable state statutes require that information be maintained concerning hazardous materials used or produced in our operations and that this information be provided to employees, state and local government authorities and the public. Substantial fines and penalties can be imposed and orders or injunctions limiting or prohibiting certain operations may be issued in connection with any failure to comply with laws and regulations relating to worker health and safety. For more information, please read “Risk Factors-Potential legislation or regulations restricting the use of hydraulic fracturing could reduce demand for our products.”

10



Offshore regulation
Events in recent years have heightened environmental and regulatory concerns about the offshore oil and natural gas industry. From time to time, governing bodies may propose and have enacted legislation or regulations that may materially limit or prohibit offshore drilling in certain areas. If laws are enacted or other governmental action isactions are taken that delay, restrict or prohibit offshore operations in our customers'customers’ expected areas of operation, our business could be materially adversely affected. New or newly interpreted regulations and other regulatory initiatives by U.S. governmental agencies have created significant uncertainty regarding the outlook for offshore activity in the U.S. Gulf of Mexico and possible implications for regions outside of the U.S. Gulf of Mexico. Third party challenges to industry operations in the U.S. Gulf of Mexico may also serve to further delay or restrict activities. If the new regulations, operating procedures and possibility of increased legal liability are viewed by our current or future customers as a significant impairment to expected profitability on projects, then they could discontinue or curtail their offshore operations thereby reducing demand for our offshore products and services.
We also operate in non-U.S. jurisdictions, which may impose similar regulations, prohibitions or liabilities.
Operating risk and insurance
We maintain insurance coverage of types and amounts that we believe to be customary and reasonable for companies of our size and with similar operations. In accordance with industry practice, however, we do not maintain insurance coverage against all of the operating risks to which our business is exposed. Therefore, there is a risk our insurance program may not be sufficient to cover any particular loss or all losses. Currently, our insurance program includes coverage for, among other things, general liability, umbrella liability, sudden and accidental pollution, personal property, vehicle, workers'vehicles, workers’ compensation, and employer'semployer’s liability coverage.

11



Employees
As of December 31, 2016,2019, we had approximately 2,0502,300 employees. Of our total employees, approximately 1,4001,800 were in the United States, 330U.S., 200 were in the United Kingdom, 100 were in Germany, 80100 were in Canada and 140100 were in all other locations. We are not a party to any collective bargaining agreements, other than in our Hamburg, Germany and Monterrey, Mexico facilities, and wefacilities. We consider our relations with our employees to be satisfactory.

11



Item 1A. Risk Factors
Risks related to our business
We derive a substantial portion of our revenues from companies in or affiliated with the oil and natural gas industry, a historically cyclical industry, with levels of activity that are significantly affected by the levels and volatility of oil and natural gas prices. As a result, this cyclicality has caused, and will continue to cause fluctuations in our revenues and results of our operations.
We have experienced, and will continue to experience, fluctuations in revenues and operating results due to economic and business cycles. The willingness of oil and natural gas operators to make capital expenditures to explore for and produce oil and natural gas, the need of oilfield services companies to replenish consumable parts and the willingness of oilfield service companiesthese customers to invest in capital equipment and the need of these customers to replenish consumable parts depends largely upon prevailing industry conditions that are influenced by numerous factors over which we have no control. Such factors include:
supply of and demand for oil and natural gas;
level of prices, and expectations about future prices, of oil and natural gas;
ability or willingness of the Organization of Petroleum Exporting Countries (“OPEC”) and other major producers to set and maintain production limits;
cost of exploring for, developing, producing and delivering oil and natural gas;
levellevels of drilling activity and drilling day rates;completions activity;
expected decline in rates of current and future production, or faster than anticipated declines in production;
discovery rates of new oil and natural gas reserves;
ability of our customers to access new markets or areas of production or to continue to access current markets;markets, including as a result of trade restrictions;
weather conditions, including hurricanes, that can affect oil and natural gas operations over a wide area;
natural disasters, catastrophes or other events resulting in severe property damage;
more stringent restrictions in environmental regulation on activities that may impact the environment;regulations;
prohibitions, moratoriums or similar limitations on drilling or hydraulic fracturing activity resulting in a cessation or disruption of operations;
domestic and worldwide economic conditions;
financial stability of our customers and other industry participants;
political instability in oil and natural gas producing countries, including recent tensions between the United States and Middle East countries;
shareholder activism or activities by non-governmental organizations to restrict the exploration, development and production of oil and natural gas;
conservation measures and technological advances affecting energy consumption;
price and availability of alternative energy resources and fuels;
uncertainty in capital and commodities markets, and the ability of oil and natural gas companies to raise equity capital and debt financing;
interest rates and the cost of capital; and
merger and divestiture activity among oil and natural gas producers, drilling contractors and oilfield service companies.
In the second half of 2014 theThe oil and natural gas industry began to experienceexperienced a prolonged reduction in the overall level of exploration and development activities as a result ofin connection with the decline in commodity prices that continued into late 2016.began in 2014. As a result, many of our customers reduced or delayed their oil and natural gas exploration and production spending, reducingthere was a reduction in the demand for our products and services, and exerting downward pressure on the prices that we charge. These conditions have adversely impacted and ultimately an adverse impact on our business over the course of the last two years. Althoughbusiness. A significant decrease in crude oil prices increased fromin the fourth quarter of 2018 was followed by a low of $26 per barrelslight increase in February 2016 to a high of $54 per barrel2019. It is uncertain whether commodity prices will maintain current levels, decline or increase in December 2016, market reports indicate that prices are not expected to increase materially in 2017.There2020. Furthermore, there can be no assurance that the demand or pricing for oil and natural gas will follow historic patterns or recover meaningfully in the near term. The prolonged reductionDeclines in oil and natural gas prices, and depresseddecreased levels of exploration,

12



development, and production activity, and the willingness of customers to invest in their equipment relative to historical norms may continue to negatively affect:
revenues, cash flows, and profitability;
the ability to maintain or increase borrowing capacity;
the ability to refinance our Senior Unsecured Notes;
the ability to obtain additional capital to finance our business and the cost of that capital;
the ability to collect outstanding amounts from our customers; and

12



the ability to attract and retain skilled personnel to maintain our business or that will be needed in the event of an upturn in the demand for our products.
Our inability to control the inherent risks of acquiring and integrating businesses could disrupt our business and adversely affect our operating results going forward.
We continuously evaluate acquisitions and dispositions and may elect to acquire or dispose of assets in the future. These activities may distract management from day-to-day tasks. Acquisitions involve numerous risks, including:
unanticipated costs and exposure to unforeseen liabilities;
difficulty in integrating the operations and assets of the acquired businesses;
potential loss of key employees and customers of the acquired company;
potential inability to properly establish and maintain effective internal controls over an acquired company;
risk of enteringThe markets in which we have limited prior experience;operate are highly competitive, and
failure to realize the full range of synergies that were expected when assessing the value to be paid for the acquisition.
Achieving the anticipated or desired benefits some of our past or future acquisitions will depend, in part, upon whether the integration of the various businesses, products, services, technologycompetitors hold substantial market share and employees is accomplished in an efficient and effective manner. There can be no assurance thathave substantially greater resources than we will obtain these anticipated or desired benefitsdo. Furthermore, some of our past or future acquisitions, and if we fail to manage these risks successfully, our results of operations could be adversely affected.
Our failure to achieve consolidation savings, to integrate the acquired businesses and assets into our existing operations successfully or to minimize any unforeseen operational difficulties couldproduct lines have a material adverse effect on our business. In addition, we may incur liabilities arising from events prior to the acquisitionnumber of regional or prior to our establishment of adequate compliance oversight. While we generally seek to obtain indemnities for liabilities for events occurring before such acquisitions, these are limited in amount and duration, may be held to be unenforceable or the sellerlocal competitors. We may not be able to indemnify us.compete successfully in this environment.
The markets in which we operate are highly competitive and our products and services are subject to competition from significantly larger businesses. We have several competitors that are large national and multinational companies that have longer operating histories, greater financial, technical and other resources and greater name recognition than we do. In addition, we compete with many smaller companies on a regional or local basis. Our competitors may be able to respond more quickly to new or emerging technologies and services and changes in customer requirements. In addition, several of our competitors provide a much broader array of services, and have a stronger presence in more geographic markets. Our larger competitors are able to use their size and purchasing power to seek economies of scale and pricing concessions. Furthermore, some of our customers are our competitors and have in the past ceased buying from us, and may do the same in the future. We also incur indebtednesshave competitors outside of the U.S. with lower structural costs due to labor and raw material cost in and around their manufacturing centers, and prices based on foreign currencies. Accordingly, currency fluctuations may cause U.S. dollar-priced products to be less competitive than our competitors’ products that are priced in other currencies. Moreover, our competitors may utilize available capacity during a period of depressed energy prices to gain market share.
New competitors have also entered the markets in which we compete. We consider product quality, price, breadth of product offering, availability of products and services, performance, distribution capabilities, responsiveness to customer needs and reputation for service to be the primary competitive factors. Competitors may be able to offer more attractive pricing, duplicate strategies, or issue additional equity securitiesdevelop enhancements to finance future acquisitions. Debt service requirements could represent a burden on our results of operations and financial condition, and the issuance of additional equity securities could be dilutiveproducts that offer performance features that are superior to our existing stockholders.products. In addition, we may dispose of assets or products that investors may consider beneficial to us.
Our operating history may not be sufficient for investorsable to evaluate our business and prospects.
We have a relatively short operating history as a public company. In addition,retain key employees of entities that we have completed a number of acquisitions since our formation. These factors may make it more difficult for investors to evaluate our business and prospects, and to forecast our future operating results. As a result, historical financial data may not give you an accurate indication of what our actual results would have been if subsequent acquisitions had been completed at the beginning of the periods presented or of what our future results of operations are likely to be. Our future results will depend on our ability to efficiently manage our combined operations and execute our business strategy.
Facility consolidations and expansions may subject us to risks of construction delays, cost overruns and operating inefficiencies.
We have consolidated and plan to continue to consolidate facilities to achieve operating efficiencies and reduce costs. These facility consolidations may be delayed and cause us to incur increased costs, product or service delivery delays, decreased responsiveness to customer needs, liabilities under terms and conditions of sale or other operational inefficiencies, or may not provide the benefits we anticipate. We may lose key personnel and operational knowledge that might lead to quality issues or delaysacquire in production.
In the future weand those employees may grow our businesses throughchoose to compete against us following a contractually agreed period of non-competition that is permitted under the construction of new facilitieslaw. Competitive pressures, including those described above, and expansions of our existing facilities. These projects, and any other capital asset construction projects which we may commence, are subject to similar risks of delay or cost overrun inherent in any construction project resulting from numerous factors including the following:

difficulties or delays in obtaining land;
shortages of key equipment, materials or skilled labor;

13



unscheduled delays in the delivery of ordered materials and equipment;
unanticipated cost increases;
weather interferences; and
difficulties in obtaining necessary permits or in meeting permit conditions.    
Our common stock price has been volatile, and we expect it to continue to remain volatile in the future.
The market price of common stock of companies engaged in the oil and natural gas equipment manufacturing and services industry has been volatile. Likewise, the market price of our common stock has varied significantly in the past, reaching a high of $23.55 per share on December 12, 2016 and a low of $8.54 per share on February 12, 2016, and we expect it to continue to remain volatile given the cyclical nature of our industry.

The downturn in the oil and natural gas industry has negatively affected and will likely continue tocould adversely affect our abilitycompetitive position, resulting in a loss of market share or decreases in prices. For more information about our competitors, please read “Business—Competition.”
Given the uncertainty related to accurately predictlong-term commodity prices and associated customer demand, causing us towe hold excess or obsolete inventory and experiencehave experienced a reduction in gross margins and financial results.
We cannot accurately predict what or how many products our customers will need in the future. Orders are placed with our suppliers based on forecasts of customer demand and, in some instances, we may establish buffer inventories to accommodate anticipated demand. For example, atAt certain times, we have built capital equipment before receiving customer orders, and we have kept our standardized downhole protection systems and certain of our flow iron products in stock and readily available for delivery on short notice from customers. Our forecasts of customer demand are based on multiple assumptions, each of which may introducehave introduced errors into the estimates. In addition, many of our suppliers, such as those for certain of our standardized valves, require a longer lead time to provide products than our customers demand for delivery of our finished products. If we underestimate customer demand or if insufficient manufacturing capacity is available, we would miss revenue opportunities and potentially lose market share and damage our customer relationships. Conversely, if we overestimate customer demand, we maywould allocate resources to the purchase of material or manufactured products that we mayare not be able to sell when we expect to, if at all. As a result, we would hold excess or obsolete inventory, which would reduce gross margin and adversely affect financial results or writeupon writing down the value of inventory. Conversely, if we underestimate customer demand or if insufficient manufacturing capacity is available, we would miss revenue opportunities and potentially lose market share and damage our customer relationships. In addition, any future significant cancellations or deferrals of product orders or the return of previously sold products could materially and adversely affect profit margins, increase product obsolescence and restrict our ability to fund our operations.
A substantial portion of our business is driven by our customers’ spending on capital equipment such as drilling rigs. As a result of the substantial decrease in commodity prices, we expect much of our customer base to maintain capital spending at their current low levels, or to decrease their spending even further.
In various segments of the energy industry there have been high levels of demand for construction of capital intensive equipment in recent years, some of which has a long life once introduced into the industry. High levels of investment can produce excess supply of equipment for many years, reducing day rates and undermining the economics for new capital equipment orders. In addition, decreases in commodity prices resulted in a significant reduction in the North America rig count since June 2014, which has only recently begun to recover. As a result, many of our customers reduced capital expenditures beginning in 2015, and, if commodity prices remain at current levels, our customers may continue to curtail spending, may fail to resume spending at prior levels. When spending levels by our customers fall, we experience decreased demand for our capital equipment products. For example, starting in the second half of 2014 we saw spending levels on drilling rigs decrease relative to the pace of investment in the previous two years due to lower drilling activity. This resulted in lower revenues for us from capital equipment orders and consumables in 2014, 2015 and 2016. This reduction in capital spending is spread across most energy sectors that we supply. Our financial results have been negatively impacted by the recent and ongoing reduction in capital equipment spending in the oilfield services industry, and we expect that this will continue until oil prices increase substantially.
Our indebtedness could restrict our operations and make us more vulnerable to adverse economic conditions.
We currently have a substantial amount of indebtedness. In addition to our $400.0 million of 6.25% senior unsecured notes due October 2021, we may borrow under our $140.0 million senior secured revolving credit facility. Our level of indebtedness may adversely affect our operations and limit our growth, and we may have difficulty making debt service payments on our indebtedness as such payments become due. Our level of indebtedness may affect our operations in several ways, including the following:
our indebtedness may increase our vulnerability to general adverse economic and industry conditions;


1413




the covenants contained in the agreements that govern our indebtedness limit our ability to borrow funds, dispose of assets, pay dividends and make certain investments;
our debt covenants also affect our flexibility in planning for, and reacting to, changes in the economy and in its industry;
any failure to comply with the financial or other covenants of our indebtedness could result in an event of default, which could result in some or all of our indebtedness becoming immediately due and payable;
our indebtedness could impair our ability to obtain additional financing in the future for working capital, capital expenditures, acquisitions or other general corporate purposes; and
our business may not generate sufficient cash flow from operations to enable us to meet our debt obligations.
The indenture governing our notes and our credit facility contains operating and financial restrictions that may restrict our business and financing activities.
Our indenture and credit facility contain, and any future indebtedness we incur may contain, a number of restrictive covenants that will impose significant operating and financial restrictions on us, including restrictions on our ability to, among other things:

pay dividends on, purchase or redeem our common stock;
make certain investments;
incur or guarantee additional indebtedness or issue certain types of equity securities;
create certain liens;
sell assets, including equity interests in our restricted subsidiaries;
redeem or prepay subordinated debt;
restrict dividends or other payments of our restricted subsidiaries;
consolidate, merge or transfer all or substantially all of our assets;    
engage in transactions with affiliates; or
create unrestricted subsidiaries.
Our credit facility also contains covenants, which, among other things, require us, on a consolidated basis, to maintain specified financial ratios or conditions. As a result of these covenants, we may be limited in the manner in which we conduct our business, and we may be unable to engage in favorable business activities or finance future operations or capital needs. Our ability to borrow under the credit facility and comply with some of the covenants, ratios or tests contained in our indenture and credit facility may be affected by events beyond our control. If market or other economic conditions continue or deteriorate, and our financial performance does not improve, our ability to borrow under our credit facility will be reduced and our ability to comply with these covenants, ratios or tests may be impaired. A failure to comply with the covenants, ratios or tests or any future indebtedness could result in an event of default, which, if not cured or waived, could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition and results of operations.
We are subject to the risk of supplier concentration.
Certain of our product lines depend on a limited number of third party suppliers and vendors. In some cases the vendors own the intellectual property rights to the products we sell, or possess the technology or specialized tooling required to manufacture them. As a result of this concentration in some of our supply chains, our business and operations could be negatively affected if our key suppliers were to experience significant disruptions affecting the price, quality, availability or timely delivery of their products, or if they were to decide to terminate their relationships with us. For example, we have a limited number of vendors for our bearings product lines. The partial or complete loss of any one of our key suppliers, or a significant adverse change in the relationship with any of these suppliers, through consolidation or otherwise, would limit our ability to manufacture and sell certain of our products.
We may not realize revenue on our current backlog due to customer order reductions, cancellations andor acceptance delays, which may negatively impact our financial results and relationships with our customers.results.
In the current environment of decreased oil and natural gas prices, and the resulting uncertaintyUncertainty regarding demand for our customers’ services we have experiencedhas resulted in order reductions, cancellations and acceptance delays in the past, and we may

15



experience more of these in the future, as projects have become uneconomical for our customers.future. We may be unable to collect revenue for all of the orders reflected in our backlog, or we may be unable to collect cancellation penalties, to the extent we have the right to impose them, or the revenues may be pushed into future periods. In addition, customers who are more highly leveraged or otherwise unable to pay their creditors in the ordinary course of business may become insolvent or be unable to operate as a going concern. We may be unable to collect amounts due or damages we are awarded from these customers, and our efforts to collect such amounts may damage our customer relationships. Our results of operations and overall financial condition may be negatively impacted by a reduction in revenue as a result of these circumstances.
The marketscoronavirus outbreak in China could adversely affect our results of operations.
During January 2020, a strain of coronavirus was reported to have surfaced in Wuhan, China. In an effort to halt the outbreak, the Chinese government placed significant restrictions on travel within China and closed certain businesses in the region, and governments and other parties outside of China have halted or sharply curtailed the movement of people, goods and services to and from China. Certain of our key suppliers, including for our valves and coiled tubing product offerings, are located in China. In addition, we view China as a growth market for our intervention product offering. The coronavirus outbreak is adversely impacting our operations. If the impact of the coronavirus outbreak continues for an extended period, it could materially adversely impact our supply chain and the growth of our revenues from China. In addition, concerns about the coronavirus and its potential impact on the Chinese and global economy are creating uncertainty about the overall demand for oil, which could have negative implications for the demand of our products. At this point, we cannot accurately predict what effects these conditions will have on our business, which will depend on, among other factors, the ultimate geographic spread of the virus, the duration of the outbreak and travel restrictions and business closures imposed by the Chinese government or by others with respect to China. 
Tariffs imposed by the United States government could continue to adversely affect our results of operations.
The President of the United States has issued proclamations imposing tariffs on imports of selected products, including those sourced from China. In particular, the U.S. government has imposed global tariffs on certain imported steel and aluminum products pursuant to Section 232 of the Trade Expansion Act of 1962, as well as tariffs on $370 billion worth of Chinese imports pursuant to Section 301 of the Trade Act of 1974. In response, China and other countries have imposed retaliatory tariffs on a wide range of U.S. products, including those containing steel and aluminum. Our efforts to mitigate the impact of these tariffs on raw materials through the diversification of our supply chain may not be sufficiently successful. Furthermore, a prolonged imposition of tariffs on our goods could have a significant adverse effect on our results of operations.
The industry in which we operate are highly competitive, and someis undergoing continuing consolidation that may impact our results of our competitors hold substantial market share and have substantially greater resources than we do. We may not be able to compete successfully in this environment and, in particular, against a much larger competitor.operations.
The markets in which we operate are highly competitive and our products and services are subject to competition from significantly larger businesses. One competitor in particular holds substantial market share in our largest product line's market and has substantially greater resources than we do. We also have several other competitors that are large national and multinational companies that have longer operating histories, greater financial, technical and other resources and greater name recognition than we do. Some of our competitors may be able to respond more quickly to new or emerging technologieslargest customers have consolidated and services and changes in customer requirements. In addition, several of our competitors provide a much broader array of services, and have a stronger presence in more geographic markets. Our larger competitors may be able to useare using their size and purchasing power to seekachieve economies of scale and pricing concessions. Furthermore, someThis consolidation could result in reduced capital spending by such customers or decreased demand for our products and services. If we cannot maintain sales levels for customers that have consolidated or replace such revenues with increased business activities from other customers, this consolidation activity could have a significant negative impact on our results of operations or financial condition. We are unable to predict what effect consolidations in the industry may have on prices, capital spending by customers, selling strategies, competitive position, customer retention or our ability to negotiate favorable agreements with customers.
A portion of our business is driven by our customers’ spending on capital equipment such as drilling rigs. As a result of a greater focus by our customers on maintaining capital discipline, spending has declined and may remain at a low level despite any increase in commodity prices.
In recent years, there has been an oversupply of capital equipment in the oil and natural gas industry and a corresponding reduction in the demand for construction of these products. More recently, our customers and their investors have adopted business strategies placing significant emphasis on capital discipline that may limit the level of their future spending. As a result, we cannot provide any assurance that our capital equipment sales will increase if there is an increase in commodity prices.

14



Technological advances have rendered drilling more efficient, reducing the amount of capital equipment required to drill the same number of wells and the demand for our products.
New techniques and technological advances have reduced the number of days required to drill wells. The number of days required for a drilling rig to be on a site to drill a well has in many areas been reduced by at least half over the last several years. This has exacerbated the oversupply of drilling rigs and is likely to lengthen the time until significant capital investment is required by our drilling company customers. These advances are also our competitorsexpected to result in a lower overall level of capital investment when the current generation of drilling rigs is required to be replaced.
We may be impacted by disruptions in the political, regulatory, economic and they may cease buying from us. We also have competitors outsidesocial conditions of the United States with lower structural costs due to labor and raw material costforeign countries in and around their manufacturing centers. Moreover, our competitors may utilize available capacity during a period of depressed energy prices, similar to that which we are expected to conduct business.
Instability and unforeseen changes in the international markets in which we conduct business, including economically and politically volatile areas such as North Africa, the Middle East, Latin America and the Asia Pacific region, could cause or contribute to factors that have an adverse effect on the demand for the products and services we provide. For example, we have previously transferred management and operations from certain Latin American countries, due to the presence of political turmoil, to other countries in the region that are more politically stable.
In addition, worldwide political, economic, and military events have contributed to oil and natural gas price volatility and are likely to continue to do so in the future. Depending on the market prices of oil and natural gas, oil and natural gas exploration and development companies may cancel or curtail their drilling programs, thereby reducing demand for our products and services.
Our common stock price has been volatile, and we expect it to continue to remain volatile in the future.
The market price of common stock of companies engaged in the oil and natural gas equipment manufacturing and services industry has been volatile. Likewise, the market price of our common stock has varied significantly in the past. For example, in 2019, the market price of our common stock reached a high of $7.00 per share on February 12, 2019 and a low of $0.88 per share on November 18, 2019. We expect it to continue to remain volatile given the cyclical nature of our industry.
We may be adversely affected by developments relating to the U.K.’s departure from the European Union.
The U.K. held a referendum on June 23, 2016 in which a majority voted for the U.K.’s withdrawal from the European
Union (“EU”), which is commonly referred to as Brexit. As a result of this vote, a process of negotiation began to determine the terms of Brexit, which resulted in the EU-U.K. Withdrawal Agreement. The U.K. withdrew from the EU on January 31, 2020, consistent with the terms of the EU-U.K. Withdrawal Agreement. The terms of that agreement provide for a “transition period”, from January 31, 2020 to December 31, 2020, during which the trading relationship between the EU and the U.K. will remain the same while the U.K. and the EU try to negotiate an agreement regarding their future trading relationship. The effects of the Brexit vote and the perceptions as to the impact of the withdrawal of the U.K. from the EU may adversely affect business activity and economic and market conditions in the U.K., the Eurozone, and globally and could contribute to instability in global financial and foreign exchange markets, including volatility in the value of the pound sterling and the euro. In addition, Brexit could lead to additional political, legal and economic instability in the EU. Any of these effects of Brexit, and others we cannot anticipate, could adversely affect the value of our assets in the U.K., as well as our business, financial condition, results of operations and cash flows.
We have a significant amount of indebtedness. Our leverage and debt service obligations restrict our operations and make us more vulnerable to adverse economic conditions.
We currently experiencing,have a substantial amount of indebtedness, including $400.0 million of 6.25% senior unsecured notes due October 2021. Our level of indebtedness and restrictions in our debt agreements have significant consequences for our future prospects, including limiting our liquidity and flexibility in obtaining additional financing. In addition, we may have difficulty making debt service payments on our indebtedness as such payments become due. Furthermore, our $300.0 million Credit Facility, which had no outstanding balance as of December 31, 2019, will mature prior to gainthe maturity date of our Senior Notes. Our level of indebtedness and the terms of our debt agreements affect our operations in several ways, including the following:
requiring us to dedicate a substantial portion of our cash flow from operations to servicing existing debt obligations;
increasing our vulnerability to general adverse economic and industry conditions;
limiting our ability to borrow funds, dispose of assets, pay dividends and make certain investments;
reducing our flexibility to plan for, and react to, changes in the economy and in our industry; and

15



impairing our ability to obtain additional financing in the future for working capital, capital expenditures, acquisitions or other general corporate purposes.
Our ability to pay our expenses, and fund our working capital needs and debt obligations, will depend on our future performance, which will be affected by financial, business, economic, regulatory and other factors that are outside of our control. As a result of these factors, our business may not generate sufficient cash flow from operations to enable us to meet our debt obligations. In addition, under the terms of our Credit Facility, any failure to comply with the financial or other covenants of our indebtedness would result in an event of default, which would cause some or all of our indebtedness to become immediately due and payable and have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition and results of operations.
The indenture governing our notes and our Credit Facility contain operating and financial restrictions that restrict our business and financing activities.
Our indenture and Credit Facility contain, and any future indebtedness we incur may contain, a number of restrictive covenants that will impose significant operating and financial restrictions on us, including restrictions on our ability to, among other things:
pay dividends on, purchase or redeem our common stock;
make certain investments;
incur or guarantee additional indebtedness or issue certain types of equity securities;
create certain liens;
sell assets, including equity interests in our restricted subsidiaries;
redeem or prepay subordinated debt;
restrict dividends or other payments of our restricted subsidiaries;
consolidate, merge or transfer all or substantially all of our assets;    
engage in transactions with affiliates;
create unrestricted subsidiaries; or
execute our acquisition strategy.
Our Credit Facility also contains covenants, which, among other things, require us in certain circumstances, on a consolidated basis, to maintain specified financial ratios or conditions. As a result of these covenants, we will be limited in the manner in which we conduct our business, and we may be unable to engage in favorable business activities or finance future operations or capital needs. Our ability to borrow under the Credit Facility and comply with some of the covenants, ratios or tests contained in our indenture and Credit Facility may be affected by events beyond our control. If market share.or other economic conditions deteriorate, and there is a decrease in our accounts receivable and inventory, our ability to borrow under our Credit Facility will be reduced and our ability to comply with these covenants, ratios or tests may be impaired. A failure to comply with the covenants, ratios or tests would result in an event of default, which, if not cured or waived, would cause some or all of our indebtedness to become immediately due and payable and have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition and results of operations.
New competitorsA further downgrade in our credit ratings could also enternegatively impact our cost of and ability to access the capital and credit markets.
Major U.S. credit rating agencies have recently downgraded our senior unsecured debt ratings and we continue to be at risk for further downgrades. Our ability to access the capital and credit markets or to otherwise obtain sufficient financing is adversely affected by the current credit ratings of our senior unsecured debt by major U.S. credit rating agencies. These ratings, or further downgrades, may increase the cost of future debt, and potentially require us to post letters of credit for certain obligations.
Our exposure to currency exchange rate fluctuations may result in fluctuations in our cash flows and could have an adverse effect on our results of operations.
Fluctuations in currency exchange rates could be material to us depending upon, among other things, our manufacturing locations and the sourcing for our raw materials and components. In particular, we are sensitive to fluctuations in currency exchange rates between the U.S. dollar and each of the Canadian dollar, the British pound sterling, the Euro, and, to a lesser degree, the Mexican peso, the Chinese yuan, the Singapore dollar, and the Saudi riyal. There may be instances in which costs and revenue will not be matched with respect to currency denomination. As a result, to

16



the extent that we continue our expansion on a global basis, management expects that increasing portions of revenue, costs, assets and liabilities will be subject to fluctuations in foreign currency valuations. We may experience economic loss and a negative impact on earnings or net assets solely as a result of foreign currency exchange rate fluctuations. Further, the markets in which we compete. We consider product quality, price, breadthoperate could restrict the removal or conversion of product offering, availabilitythe local currency, resulting in our inability to hedge against these risks.
Our ability to access the capital and credit markets to raise capital on favorable terms is limited by our debt level and industry conditions.
Our ability to access the capital and credit markets is limited by, among other things, oil and natural gas prices, our existing capital structure, our credit ratings, the state of the economy, the health of the drilling and overall oil and natural gas industry, trends among investors to avoid companies associated with the production of hydrocarbon products, and services, performance, distribution capabilities, responsivenessthe liquidity of the capital markets. Many of the factors that affect our ability to customer needsaccess capital markets are outside of our control. Recent trends and reputationconditions in the capital and credit markets with respect to the energy sector limit our ability to access these markets or may significantly increase our cost of capital. Low levels of exploration and drilling activity have caused and may continue to cause lenders to increase the interest rates under our credit facilities, enact tighter lending standards, refuse to refinance existing debt on acceptable terms or at all and may reduce or cease to provide funding. If we are unable to access the capital or credit markets on terms acceptable to us, it could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition, results of operations, cash flows and liquidity, particularly in respect of our ability to repay or refinance our debt, including our senior notes due October 2021.
During the years ended December 31, 2019, 2018 and 2017 we incurred impairment charges, and we may incur additional impairment charges in the future.
For the years ended December 31, 2019, 2018 and 2017, we recognized goodwill impairments totaling $471.0 million, $298.8 million, and $68.0 million, respectively, which are included in “Impairments of goodwill, intangible assets, property and equipment” in the consolidated statements of comprehensive loss. Following these impairment charges, there is no remaining goodwill balance for service to beany of our reporting units.
We evaluate our long-lived assets, including property and equipment and intangible assets with definite lives, for potential impairment whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the primary competitive factors. Competitors may be able to offer more attractive pricing, duplicate strategies, or develop enhancements to products that could offer performance features that are superior to our products. In addition, wecarrying amount of a long-lived asset may not be ablerecoverable. In performing our review for impairment, future cash flows expected to result from the use of the asset and its eventual value upon disposal are estimated. If the undiscounted future cash flows are less than the carrying amount of the assets, there is an indication that the asset may be impaired. The amount of the impairment is measured as the difference between the carrying value and the estimated fair value of the asset. The fair value is determined either through the use of an external valuation, or by means of an analysis of discounted future cash flows based on expected utilization.
For the year ended December 31, 2019, we recognizedproperty and equipment impairment charges totaling $7.9 million. For the years ended December 31, 2019, 2018 and 2017, we recognized intangible asset impairment charges totaling $53.5 million, $64.7 million and $1.1 million, respectively. These charges are included in “Impairments of goodwill, intangible assets, property and equipment” in the consolidated statements of comprehensive loss. See Note 6 Property and Equipment and Note 7 Goodwill and Intangible Assets for further information related to these charges.
If we determine that the carrying value of our long-lived assets is less than their fair value, we would be required to record additional charges in the future, which could adversely affect our financial condition and results of operations.
Our executive officers and certain key personnel are critical to our business and these officers and key personnel may not remain with us in the future.
Our future success depends in substantial part on our ability to hire and retain our executive officers and other key employeespersonnel. In particular, we are highly dependent on our executive officers. These individuals possess extensive expertise, talent and leadership, and they are critical to our success. The diminution or loss of the services of these individuals, or other integral key personnel affiliated with entities that we acquire in the future, could have a material adverse effect on our business. Furthermore, we may not be able to enforce all of the provisions in the agreements we have entered into with our executive officers and those employeessuch agreements may choose to compete against us. Competitive pressures, including those described above, and other factors could adversely affect our competitive position, resultingnot otherwise be effective in a loss of market share or decreases in prices. In addition, some competitors are based in foreign countries and have cost structures and prices based on foreign currencies. Accordingly, currency fluctuations could cause U.S. dollar-priced products to be less competitive than our competitors' products that are priced in other currencies. For more information about our competitors, please read "Business-Competition."retaining such individuals.
We may be unable to employ a sufficient number of skilled and qualified workers.
The delivery of our products and services requires personnel with specialized skills and experience. Our ability to be productive and profitable depends upon our ability to employ and retain skilled workers. During periods of low activity in our industry, such as we are now experiencing, we reducehave reduced the size of our labor force to match declining revenue levels, and other employees may choosehave chosen to leave in order to find more stable employment. This may causecauses us to lose skilled personnel, the absence

17



of which could cause us to incur quality, efficiency and deliverability issues in our operations, or delay our response to an upturn in the market. During periods of highincreasing activity in our industry, our ability to expand our operations depends in part on our ability to increase the size of our skilled labor force. In addition, during those periods, the demand for skilled workers is high, the supply is limited and the cost to attract and retain qualified personnel increases.increases, especially for skilled workers. For example, duringwe have in the last upturn wepast experienced shortages of engineers, mechanical assemblers, machinists and code welders, which in some instances slowed the productivity of certain of our operations. Furthermore, a significant increase in the wages paid by competing employers could result in a reduction of our skilled labor force, increases in the wage rates that we must pay, or both. If any of these events were to occur, our ability to respond quickly to customer demands or strong market conditions may be inhibited and our growth potential could be impaired.
We rely on relationships with key suppliers to operate and maintain our business.
Certain of our product lines depend on a limited number of third party suppliers. In some cases, the suppliers own the intellectual property rights to the products we sell, or possess the technology or specialized tooling required to manufacture them. As a result of this concentration in part of our supply chain, our business and operations may be negatively affected if our key suppliers were to experience significant disruptions affecting the price, quality, availability or timely delivery of their products, or if they were to decide to terminate their relationships with us. For example, we have a limited number of suppliers for our bearings product lines and certain of our valve product lines. The limited number of these suppliers can restrict the quantity and timeliness of customer deliveries. Recently, some of our suppliers have imposed more stringent payment terms and conditions on us based on our perceived risk as a counterparty. The partial or complete loss of any one of our key suppliers, or a significant adverse change in the relationship with any of these suppliers, through consolidation or otherwise, would limit our ability to manufacture and sell certain of our products.
Our business depends upon our ability to obtain key raw materials and specialized equipment from suppliers. Increased costs of raw materials and other components may result in increased operating expenses.
Should our suppliers be unable to provide the necessary raw materials or finished products or otherwise fail to deliver such materials and products timely and in the quantities required, resulting delays in the provision of products or

16



services to customers could have a material adverse effect on our business. In particular, because many of our products are manufactured out of steel, we are particularly susceptible to fluctuations in steel prices. Our results of operations may be adversely affected by our inability to manage the rising costs and availability of raw materials and components used in our products.
If suppliers cannot provide adequate quantities of materials to meet customers'customers’ demands on a timely basis or if the quality of the materials provided does not meet established standards, we may lose customers or experience lower profitability.
Some of our customer contracts require us to compensate customers if we do not meet specified delivery obligations. We rely on suppliers to provide required materials and in many instances these materials must meet certain specifications. Managing a geographically diverse supply base poses inherently significant logistical challenges. Furthermore, the ability of third party suppliers to deliver materials to our specifications may be affected by events beyond our control. As a result, there is a risk that we could experience diminished supplier performance resulting in longer than expected lead times and/or product quality issues. For example, in the past, we have experienced issues with the quality of certain forgings used to produce materials utilized in our products. As a result, we were required to seek alternative suppliers for those forgings, which resulted in increased costs and a disruption in our supply chain. We have also been required in certain circumstances to provide better economic terms to some of our suppliers in exchange for their agreement to increase their capacity to satisfy our supply needs. The occurrence of any of the foregoing factors couldwould have a negative impact on our ability to deliver products to customers within committed time frames.
OurWe may not be able to satisfy technical requirements, testing requirements, code requirements or other specifications under contracts and contract tenders.
Many of our products are used in operationsharsh environments and severe service applications. Our contracts with customers and customer requests for bids often set forth detailed specifications or technical requirements (including that they meet certain industrial code requirements, such as API, ASME or similar codes, or that our processes and facilities maintain ISO or similar certifications) for our products and services, which may also include extensive testing requirements. We anticipate that such code testing requirements will become more common in our contracts. We cannot assure that our products or facilities will be able to satisfy the specifications or requirements, or that we will be able to perform the full-scale testing necessary to prove that the product specifications are subjectsatisfied in future contract bids or under existing contracts, or that the costs of modifications to potential hazards inherent inour products or facilities to satisfy the oilspecifications and natural gas industry and, as a result, we are exposed to potential liabilities that maytesting will not adversely affect our financial condition and reputation.
Our products are used in potentially hazardous drilling, completion and production applications in the oil and natural gas industry where an accident or a failureresults of a product can potentially have catastrophic consequences. Risks inherent to these applications, such as equipment malfunctions and failures, equipment misuse and defects, explosions, blowouts and uncontrollable flows of oil, natural gas or well fluids and natural disasters, on land or in deepwater or shallow-water environments, can cause personal injury, loss of life, suspension of operations, damage to formations, damage to facilities, business interruption and damage to or destruction of property, surface water and drinking water resources, equipment and the environment. In addition, we provide certain services that could cause, contribute to or be implicated in these events.operations. If our products or services failfacilities are unable to meet specificationssatisfy such

18



requirements, or we are involved in accidentsunable to perform or satisfy any required full-scale testing, we may suffer reputational harm and our customers may cancel their contracts and/or seek new suppliers, and our business, results of operations or financial position may be adversely affected.
A failure or breach of our information technology infrastructure, including as a result of cyber attacks or failures weof data protection measures, could face warranty, contract or other litigation claims, which couldadversely impact our business and results of operations and expose us to substantial liability for personal injury, wrongful death, property damage,potential liabilities.
The efficient operation of our business is dependent on our information technology (“IT”) systems. Accordingly, we rely upon the capacity, reliability and security of our IT hardware and software infrastructure and our ability to expand and update this infrastructure in response to our changing needs. Despite our implementation of security measures, our IT systems are vulnerable to computer viruses, natural disasters, incursions by intruders or hackers, failures in hardware or software, power fluctuations, cyber terrorists and other similar disruptions. In certain instances, our IT systems have failed to perform as anticipated, resulting in disruptions in operations and other adverse consequences. Should our IT systems materially fail in the future, it may result in numerous other adverse consequences, including reduced effectiveness and efficiency of our operations, inappropriate disclosure of confidential information, increased overhead costs, and loss of oilintellectual property, which could lead to liability to third parties or otherwise and natural gas production,have a material adverse effect on our business and pollution and other environmental damages.results of operations. Our insurance policies may not be adequate to cover all liabilities. Further, insurance may not protect us against such occurrences or our insurers may refuse to make payment. In addition, we may be generally availablerequired to incur significant costs to prevent damage caused by these disruptions or security breaches in the future or, if available, insurance premiums may make such insurance commercially unjustifiable. Moreover, even if we are successful in defending a claim, it could be time-consuming and costly to defend.future.
In addition, recent laws and regulations governing data privacy and the frequencyunauthorized disclosure of confidential information, including the European Union General Data Protection Regulation and severity of such incidents could affect operating costs, insurabilitylaws enacted in certain U.S. jurisdictions, pose increasingly complex compliance challenges and relationships with customers, employees and regulators. In particular,potentially elevate our customers may elect not to purchase our products or services if they view our safety record as unacceptable, which could causecosts. Any failure by us to lose customerscomply with these laws and substantial revenues. In addition, these risks may be greaterregulations, including as a result of a security or privacy breach, could result in significant penalties and liabilities for us becauseus. Additionally, if we acquire a company that has violated or is not in compliance with applicable data protection laws, we may acquire companies that have not allocatedincur significant resourcesliabilities and management focus to quality, or safety requiring rehabilitative efforts during the integration process. We may incur liabilities for losses associated with these newly acquired companies before we are able to rehabilitate such companies' quality, safety and environmental programs.penalties as a result.
Our success depends on our ability to implement new technologies and services.services more efficiently and quickly than our competitors.
Our success depends on the ongoing developmentour ability to develop and implementation ofimplement new product designs and improvements and onthat meet our abilitycustomer’s needs in a manner equal to protect and maintain critical intellectual property assets related to these developments.or more effective than those offered by our competitors. If we are not able to obtain patent or other intellectual property protection of our technology, we may not be ablecontinue to recoup development costs or fully exploit systems,provide new and innovative services and technologies in a manner that allows us to meet evolving industry requirements at prices acceptable to our customers.customers, our financial results would be negatively affected. In addition, some of our competitors are large national and multinational companies that may bewe believe are able to devote greater financial, technical, manufacturing and marketing resources to research and development of newdevelop more or better systems, services and technologies than we are able to do. We have not spent materialMoreover, as a result of the currently depressed levels of customer activity, we may be unable to allocate sufficient amounts onof capital to research and new product development activities, duringwhich may limit our ability to compete in the three most recent fiscal years.

17



market and generate revenue.
Our success will be affected by the use and protection of our proprietary technology. There areDue to the limitations toof our intellectual property rights, in our proprietary technology, and thus our rightability to exclude others from the use of suchour proprietary technology.technology may be reduced. Furthermore, we may be adversely affected by disputes regarding intellectual property rights.
Our success will be affected by our development and implementation of new product designs and improvements and by our ability to protect and maintain critical intellectual property assets related to these developments. Although in many cases our products are not protected by any registered intellectual property rights, in othersome cases we rely on a combination of patents and trade secret laws to establish and protect this proprietary technology.
We currently hold multiple U.S. and international patents and have multipleseveral pending patent applications forassociated with our products and processes in the U.S. and certain non-U.S. countries.processes. Patent rights give the owner of a patent the right to exclude third parties from making, using, selling, and offering for sale the inventions claimed in the patents in the applicable country. Patent rights do not necessarily grant the owner of a patent the right to practice the invention claimed in a patent, but merely the right to exclude others from practicing the invention claimed in the patent. It may also beis possible forthat a third party towill design around our patents. Furthermore, patent rights have strict territorial limits. Some of our work will beis conducted in international waters and, may, therefore, does not fall within the scope of any country'scountry’s patent jurisdiction. We may notAs a result, we would be ablelimited in the degree to which we can enforce our patents against infringement occurring in international waters and other "non-covered"“non-covered” territories. Also, we do not have patents in every jurisdiction in which we conduct business and our patent portfolio will not protect all aspects of our business and may relate to obsolete or unusual methods, which would not prevent third parties from entering the same market.

19



In addition, by customarily entering into confidentiality and/or license agreements with our employees, customers and potential customers and suppliers, we attempt to limit access to and distribution of our technology. Our efforts to maintain information as trade secrets or proprietary technology are subject to determination by the U.S. judicial system and applicable international judicial systems and may not be successful. Furthermore, our rights in our confidential information, trade secrets, and confidential know-how will not prevent third parties from independently developing similar information. Publicly available information, (e.g.including information in expired issued patents, published patent applications, and scientific literature)literature, can also be used by third parties to independently develop technology. We cannot provide assurance that this independently developed technology will not be equivalent or superior to our proprietary technology.
OurFrom time to time, our competitors may infringehave infringed upon, misappropriate, violatemisappropriated, circumvented, violated or challengechallenged the validity or enforceability of our intellectual property andproperty. In the future, we may not be able to adequately protect or enforce our intellectual property rights. Our failure or inability to protect our proprietary information or successfully oppose intellectual property challenges against us could materially and adversely affect our competitive position. Moreover, third parties from time to time may initiate litigation against us by asserting that the conduct of our business infringes, misappropriates or otherwise violates their intellectual property rights. For example, in 2017, one of our subsidiaries filed an action seeking a declaratory judgment action of non-infringement against Tenaris Coiled Tubes, LLC. Tenaris subsequently filed counterclaims against our subsidiary and us alleging infringement on certain of its patents. We may not prevail in any such legal proceedings, and our products and services may be found to infringe, impair, misappropriate, dilute or otherwise violate the intellectual property rights of others. Any legal proceeding concerning intellectual property is likely to be protracted and costly and is inherently unpredictable, and could have a material adverse effect on our business, regardless of its outcome. Further, our intellectual property rights may not have the value expected and such value is expected to change over time as new products are designed and improved.
We may incur liabilities, fines, penalties or additional costs, or we may be unable to sell to certain customers if we do not maintain safe operations.
If we fail to comply with safety regulations or maintain an acceptable level of safety at our facilities, we will incur fines, penalties or other liabilities, or we may be held criminally liable. In addition, a portion of our work force is made up of newer employees who are less experienced and therefore more prone to injury. As a result, new employees require ongoing training and a higher degree of oversight. We incur additional costs to encourage training and ensure proper oversight of these shorter service employees. Moreover, we incur costs in the future.connection with equipment upgrades, or other costs to facilitate our compliance with safety regulations. Failure to maintain safe operations or achieve certain safety performance metrics could disqualify us from doing business with certain customers, particularly major oil companies.
During periods of high market activity, if we cannot continue operating our manufacturing facilities at adequate levels, our results of operations could be adversely affected.
We operate a number of manufacturing facilities. The equipment and management systems necessary for such operations may break down, perform poorly or fail, resulting in fluctuations in manufacturing efficiencies. Such fluctuations may affect our ability to deliver quality products to our customers on a timely basis.
DuringIf we are unable to continue operating successfully overseas or to successfully expand into new international markets, our revenues may decrease.
For the year ended December 31, 2015,2019, we incurred impairment charges and we may incur additional impairment charges in the future.
For goodwill and intangible assets with indefinite lives, an assessment for impairment is performed annually or when there is an indication an impairment may have occurred. Goodwill is reviewed for impairment by comparing the carrying value of each reporting unit's net assets, including allocated goodwill, to the estimated fair value of the reporting unit. We determine the fair value of eachderived approximately 30% of our six reporting units using a discounted cash flow approach. Determiningrevenue from sales outside the fair valueU.S. (based on product destination). In addition, one of a reporting unit requires the useour key growth strategies is to market products in international markets. We may not succeed in selling, marketing, branding, and distributing products to generate revenues in these new international markets.
If we fail to maintain an effective system of estimates and assumptions. If the reporting unit's carrying value is greater than its fair value, a second step is performed whereby the implied fair value of goodwill is estimated by allocating the fair value of the reporting unit in a hypothetical purchase price allocation analysis. We recognize a goodwill impairment charge for the amount by which the carrying value of goodwill exceeds its reassessed fair value. Due to the further deterioration of market conditions for our products,internal controls, we recorded a $123.2 million of impairment loss for our Subsea reporting unit for the year ended December 31, 2015. No impairment loss was recorded for the year ended December 31, 2016. The cost of exploring for or producing oil and natural gas in offshore areas is generally much higher than it is for onshore fields; as such significantly higher oil and natural gas prices may be required in order to stimulate an increase in activity. A further decline of offshore activity or failure for that activity to increase could require further impairment charges for our Subsea product line in the future.
We evaluate our long-lived assets, including property and equipment and intangible assets with definite lives, for potential impairment whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying amount of a long-lived asset may not be recoverable.able to accurately report our financial results or prevent fraud.
Effective internal control over financial processes and reporting are necessary for us to provide reliable financial reports that effectively prevent fraud and operate successfully. Our efforts to maintain internal control systems have not been successful in the past. The existence of a material weakness in the future or a failure of our internal controls could affect our ability to obtain financing or increase the cost of any such financing. The identification of a material weakness in the future could also cause investors to lose confidence in the reliability of our financial statements and could result in a decrease in the value of our common stock. In performingaddition, the entities that we acquire in the future may not maintain effective systems of internal control or we may encounter difficulties integrating our review for impairment, future cash flows expectedsystem of internal controls with those of acquired entities. If we are unable to maintain effective internal controls and, as a result, from thefail to provide reliable financial reports and effectively prevent fraud, our reputation and operating results would be harmed.


1820





useFacility consolidations or expansions may subject us to risks of the assetoperating inefficiencies, construction delays and its eventual value upon disposal are estimated. If the undiscounted future cash flows are less than the carrying amount of the assets, there is an indication that the assetcost overruns.
We have consolidated and may continue to consolidate facilities to achieve operating efficiencies and reduce costs. These facility consolidations may be impaired. The amountdelayed and cause us to incur increased costs, product or service delivery delays, decreased responsiveness to customer needs, liabilities under terms and conditions of sale or other operational inefficiencies, or may not provide the impairment is measured asbenefits we anticipate. We may lose key personnel and operational knowledge that might lead to quality issues or delays in production.
In the difference between the carrying value and the estimated fair value of the asset. The fair value is determined eitherfuture, we may grow our businesses through the useconstruction of an external valuation,new facilities and expansions of our existing facilities. These projects, and any other capital asset construction projects that we may commence, are subject to similar risks of delay or by meanscost overruns inherent in any construction project resulting from numerous factors, including the following:
difficulties or delays in obtaining land;
shortages of an analysis of discounted future cash flows based on expected utilization. Following the impairment charge, at December 31, 2015, our Subsea reporting unit has a remaining balance of $73 million in goodwill. No impairment loss was recorded for the year ended December 31, 2016. The impairment loss recognized represents the excess of the asset's carrying value as compared to its estimated fair value. Further declines in commodity priceskey equipment, materials or sustained lower valuation for the Company's common stock could indicate a reductionskilled labor;
unscheduled delays in the estimatedelivery of reporting unit fair value which,ordered materials and equipment;
unanticipated cost increases;
weather interferences; and
difficulties in turn, could lead to additional impairment charges associated with goodwill. The impairment loss recognized represents the excess of the asset's carrying value as compared to its estimated fair value.
Intangible assets with definite lives are tested for impairment whenever eventsobtaining necessary permits or changes in circumstances indicate that their carrying amount may not be recoverable. In the fourth quarter of 2015, an impairment loss of $1.9 million related to certain trade names that were no longer in use was recorded. No impairment loss was recorded for the year ended December 31, 2016.
If we determine that the carrying value of our long-lived assets, goodwill or intangible assets is less than their fair value, we may be required to record additional charges in the future, which could adversely affect our financial condition and results of operations.

meeting permit conditions.
Our operations and our customers'customers’ operations are subject to a variety of governmental laws and regulations that may increaseaffect our and our customers'customers’ costs, prohibit or curtail our customers'customers’ operations in certain areas, limit the demand for our products and services or restrict our operations.
Our business and our customers'customers’ businesses may be significantly affected by:
federal, state and local U.S. and non-U.S. laws and other regulations relating to oilfield operations, worker safety and protection of the environment;
changes in these laws and regulations; and
the level of enforcement of these laws and regulations.

In addition, we depend on the demand for our products and services from the oil and natural gas industry. This demand is affected by changing taxes, price controls and other laws and regulations relating to the oil and natural gas industry in general. For example, the adoption of laws and regulations curtailing exploration and development drilling for oil and natural gas for economic or other policy reasons could adversely affect our operations by limiting demand for our products. In addition, some non-U.S. countries may adopt regulations or practices that provide an advantage to indigenouslocal oil companies in bidding for oil leases, or require indigenouslocal companies to perform oilfield services currently supplied by international service companies. To the extent that such companies are not our customers, or we are unable to develop relationships with them, our business may suffer. We cannot determine the extent to which our future operations and earnings may be affected by new legislation, new regulations or changes in existing regulations.
Because of our non-U.S. operations and sales, we are also subject to changes in non-U.S. laws and regulations that may encourage or require hiring of local contractors or require non-U.S. contractors to employ citizens of, or purchase supplies from, a particular jurisdiction. If we fail to comply with any applicable law or regulation, our business, results of operations or financial condition may be adversely affected.
Potential legislation or regulations restricting the use of hydraulic fracturing could reduce demand for our products.
Hydraulic fracturing is an important and common practice in the oil and natural gas industry which involves the injection of water, sand and chemicals under pressure into a formation to fracture the surrounding rock and stimulate production of hydrocarbons. Certain environmental advocacy groups have suggested that additional federal, state and local laws and regulations may be needed to more closely regulate the hydraulic fracturing process, and have made claims that hydraulic fracturing techniques are harmful to surface water and drinking water resources. Various governmental entities (within and outside the U.S.) are in the process of studying, restricting, regulating or preparing to regulate hydraulic fracturing, directly or indirectly.
For example, the EPA released the final results of its comprehensive research study on the potential adverse impacts that hydraulic fracturing may have on drinking water resources in December 2016. The EPA concluded that hydraulic fracturing activities can impact drinking water resources under some circumstances, including large volume spills and

21



inadequate mechanical integrity of wells. The EPA has asserted federal authority over hydraulic fracturing using fluids that contain “diesel fuel” under the federal Safe Drinking Water Act (“SDWA”) Underground Injection Control Program and has issued permitting guidance for hydraulic fracturing operations involving the use of diesel fuel in fracturing fluids in those states where the EPA is the permitting authority.  Additionally, the Department of the Interior’s Bureau of Land Management (“BLM”) issued final rules to regulate hydraulic fracturing on federal lands in March 2015.  These rules were struck down by a federal court in Wyoming in June 2016, but reinstated on appeal by the Tenth Circuit in September 2017. While this appeal was pending, BLM proposed a rule making in July 2017 to rescind these rules in their entirety. BLM published a final rule rescinding the 2015 rules on December 29, 2017. Several states filed judicial challenges to the BLM’s proposed rescission; however, these challenges were stayed by a federal court in April 2018 pending the finalization or withdrawal of the BLM’s February 2018 proposal. In September 2018, BLM published a final rule that largely adopted the February 2018 proposal and rescinded several requirements. The September 2018 rule was challenged in the U.S. District Court for the Northern District of California almost immediately after issuance. The challenge is still pending.
In past sessions, Congress has considered, but not passed, the adoption of legislation to provide for federal regulation of hydraulic fracturing under the SDWA and to require disclosure of the chemicals used in the hydraulic fracturing process. Some states have adopted, and other states are considering adopting, legal requirements that could impose more stringent permitting, public disclosure or well construction requirements on hydraulic fracturing activities or impose bans or moratoria on these activities altogether. Local governments also may seek to adopt ordinances within their jurisdictions regulating the time, place and manner of drilling activities in general or hydraulic fracturing activities in particular, in some cases banning hydraulic fracturing entirely. For example, the Colorado state legislature passed a package of hydraulic fracturing regulations in April 2019. Under the new law, the state oil and natural gas agency must review well locations for environmental protection criteria. In addition, the legislation broadened the authority for local governments to further regulate or restrict hydraulic fracturing. In November 2019, the California governor’s office imposed new regulations on hydraulic fracturing, including a moratorium on all new hydraulic fracturing permits pending review by a panel of scientists. In February 2018, the Oklahoma Corporation Commission released a protocol that requires operators to suspend hydraulic fracturing well completion operations in response to certain levels of seismic activity.
If new or more stringent federal, state or local legal restrictions relating to the hydraulic fracturing process are adopted in areas where our oil and natural gas exploration and production customers operate, they could incur potentially significant added costs to comply with such requirements, experience delays or curtailment in the pursuit of exploration, development, and production activities, and perhaps even be precluded from drilling wells, some or all of which could adversely affect demand for our products and services from those customers.
Our financial results could be adversely impacted by changes in regulation of oil and natural gas exploration and development activity in response to significant environmental incidents.
The U.S. Department of the Interior implemented additional safety and certification requirements applicable to drilling activities in the U.S. Gulf of Mexico, imposed additional requirements with respect to exploration, development and production activities in U.S. waters and imposed a moratorium that delayed the approval of drilling plans and well permits in both deepwater and shallow-water areas due to the Macondo well incident. Although neither we nor our products were involved in the incident, the delays caused by the new regulations and requirements had an overall negative effect on drilling activity in U.S. waters, and to a certain extent, our financial results. Another similar environmental incident could result in similar drilling moratoria, and could result in increased federal, state, and international regulation of our and our customers’ operations that could negatively impact our earnings, prospects and the availability and cost of insurance coverage. Any additional regulation of the exploration and production industry as a whole could result in fewer companies being financially qualified to operate offshore or onshore in the U.S. or in non-U.S. jurisdictions, resulting in higher operating costs for our customers and reduced demand for our products and services.
Our tax position may be adversely affected by changes in tax lawlaws relating to multinational corporations, or increased scrutiny by tax authorities.
Recent legislative proposalsWe have aimedoperations in multiple countries that are subject to make changesthe jurisdiction of a significant number of taxing authorities. The final determination of our income tax liabilities involves the interpretation of local tax laws, tax treaties and related authorities in each jurisdiction, as well as the taxationsignificant use of U.S.estimates and multinational corporations, including proposal to limit the ability of corporations to deduct interest expense.assumptions. The U.S. Congress and government agencies in non-U.S. jurisdictions where we, and our affiliates, do business have recently focused on issues related to the taxation of multinational corporations. Moreover, the Trump Administration and members of the U.S. Congress have called for substantial change to fiscal and tax policies, which may include comprehensive tax reform or the imposition of taxes on the imports of goods into the United States. As a result, the lax laws in the United States and other countries in which we and our affiliates do business could change on a prospective or retroactive basis. Until we know what changes are enacted, weWe cannot predict whether these changesany legislation or any regulatory or other administrative guidance could materially adversely affect us.



1922




If the United States were to withdraw from or modify the North American Free Trade Agreement our financial performance and results of operations may be negatively affected.

We utilize our facility located in Mexico to manufacture products and export them to the United States under the North American Free Trade Agreement (“NAFTA”). The Trump Administration has made comments suggesting that it is not supportive of NAFTA. As a result, it is unclear what may or may not be done with respect to this trade agreement. Withdrawal from or modifications to NAFTA could impose additional tariffs or duties on imports from our facility.  Additionally, taxes may be imposed generally on imports to the United States by virtue of the corporate tax reform efforts currently being discussed. Under either of these scenarios the use of our facility in Mexico may be rendered uneconomical for our operations. This may cause us to lose the value of our investment in this facility, interrupt our operations and may negatively impact our financial performance and results of operations.


Our operations are subject to environmental and operational safety laws and regulations that may expose us to significant costs and liabilities.
Our operations are subject to numerous stringent and complex laws and regulations governing the discharge of materials into the environment, health and safety aspects of our operations, or otherwise relating to human health and environmental protection. These laws and regulations may, among other things, regulate the management and disposal of hazardous and nonhazardous wastes; require acquisition of environmental permits related to our operations; restrict the types, quantities, and concentrations of various materials that can be released into the environment; limit or prohibit operational activities in certain ecologically sensitive and other protected areas; regulate specific health and safety criteria addressing worker protection; require compliance with operational and equipment standards; impose testing, reporting and recordkeepingrecord keeping requirements; and require remedial measures to mitigate pollution from former and ongoing operations. Failure to comply with these laws and regulations or to obtain or comply with permits may result in the assessment of administrative, civil and criminal penalties, imposition of remedial or corrective action requirements and the imposition of injunctions to prohibit certain activities or force future compliance. Certain environmental laws may impose joint and several liability, without regard to fault or legality of conduct, on classes of persons who are considered to be responsible for the release of a hazardous substance into the environment. In addition, these risks may be greater for us because the companies we acquire or have acquired may not have allocated sufficient resources and management focus to environmental compliance, potentially requiring rehabilitative efforts during the integration process or exposing us to liability before such rehabilitation occurs.
The trend in environmental regulation has been to impose increasingly stringent restrictions and limitations on activities that may impact the environment. The implementation of new laws and regulations could result in materially increased costs, stricter standards and enforcement, larger fines and liability and increased capital expenditures and operating costs, particularly for our customers.
We may incur liabilities, fines, penalties or additional costs, or we may be unable to sell to certain customers if we do not maintain safe operations.
If we fail to comply with safety regulations or maintain an acceptable level of safety at our facilities we may incur fines, penalties or other liabilities, or may be held criminally liable. We may incur additional costs to upgrade equipment or conduct additional training, or otherwise incur costs in connection with compliance with safety regulations. Failure to maintain safe operations or achieve certain safety performance metrics could disqualify us from doing business with certain customers, particularly major oil companies.
Our executive officers and certain key personnel are critical to our business and these officers and key personnel may not remain with us in the future.
Our future success depends in substantial part on our ability to hire and retain our executive officers and other key personnel. In particular, we are highly dependent on certain of our executive officers. These individuals possess extensive expertise, talent and leadership, and they are critical to our success. The diminution or loss of the services of these individuals, or other integral key personnel affiliated with entities that we acquire in the future, could have a material adverse effect on our business. Furthermore, we may not be able to enforce all of the provisions in any employment agreement we have entered into with certain of our executive officers and such employment agreements may not otherwise be effective in retaining such individuals. In addition, we may not be able to retain key employees of entities that we acquire in the future. This may impact our ability to successfully integrate or operate the assets we acquire.

20



The industry in which we operate is undergoing continuing consolidation that may impact results of operations.
Some of our largest customers have consolidated and are using their size and purchasing power to achieve economies of scale and pricing concessions. This consolidation may result in reduced capital spending by such customers or the acquisition of one or more of our primary customers, which may lead to decreased demand for our products and services. If we cannot maintain sales levels for customers that have consolidated or replace such revenues with increased business activities from other customers, this consolidation activity could have a significant negative impact on results of operations or financial condition. We are unable to predict what effect consolidations in the industries may have on prices, capital spending by customers, selling strategies, competitive position, ability to retain customers or ability to negotiate favorable agreements with customers.
If we are unable to continue operating successfully overseas or to successfully expand into new international markets, our revenues may decrease.
For the year ended December 31, 2016, we derived approximately 38% of our revenue from sales outside the United States (based on product destination). In addition, one of our key growth strategies is to market products in international markets. We may not succeed in marketing, developing a recognized brand, selling, distributing products and generating revenues in these new international markets.
Our non-U.S. operations will subject us to special risks.
We are subject to various risks inherent in conducting business operations in locations outside of the United States.U.S. These risks may include changes in regional, political or economic conditions, local laws and policies, including taxes, trade protection measures, and unexpected changes in regulatory requirements governing the operations of companies that operate outside of the United States.U.S. In addition, if a dispute arises from international operations, courts outside of the United StatesU.S. may have exclusive jurisdiction over the dispute, or we may not be able to subject persons outside of the United StatesU.S. to the jurisdiction of U.S. courts.
Our exposure to currency exchange rate fluctuations may result in fluctuations in our cash flows and could have an adverse effect on our results of operations.
From time to time, fluctuations in currency exchange rates could be material to us depending upon, among other things, our manufacturing locations and the sourcing for our raw materials and components. In particular, we are sensitive to fluctuations in currency exchange rates between the United States dollar and each of the Canadian dollar, the British pound sterling, the Euro, and, to a lesser degree, the Mexican Peso, the Chinese Yuan and the Singapore dollar. There may be instances in which costs and revenue will not be matched with respect to currency denomination. As a result, to the extent that we continue our expansion on a global basis, management expects that increasing portions of revenue, costs, assets and liabilities will be subject to fluctuations in foreign currency valuations. We may experience economic loss and a negative impact on earnings or net assets solely as a result of foreign currency exchange rate fluctuations. Further, the markets in which we operate could restrict the removal or conversion of the local or foreign currency, resulting in our inability to hedge against these risks.
Our business operations in countries outside of the United Statesworldwide are subject to a number of U.S. federal laws and regulations, including restrictions imposed by the United StatesU.S. Foreign Corrupt Practices Act (“FCPA”) as well as trade sanctions administered by the Office of Foreign Assets Control and the Commerce Department.Department, as well as similar laws in non-U.S. jurisdictions that govern our operations by virtue of our presence or activities there.
We rely on a large number of agents in non-U.S. countries that posehave been identified as posing a high risk of corrupt activities and whose local laws and customs differ significantly from those in the United States.U.S. In many countries, particularly in those with developing economies, it is common to engage in business practices that are prohibited by the regulations applicable to us. The United StatesU.S. Foreign Corrupt Practices Act and similar anti-briberyanti-corruption laws in other jurisdictions, including the UK Bribery Act 2010, ("(“anti-corruption laws"laws”) prohibit corporations and individuals including us and our employees, from engaging in certain activities to obtain or retain business or to influence a person working in an official capacity. We may be held responsible for violations by our employees, contractors and agents for violations of anti-corruption laws. We may also be held responsible for any violations by an acquired company that occursoccur prior to an acquisition, or subsequent to thean acquisition but before we are able to institute our compliance procedures. In addition, our non-U.S. competitors that are not subject to the FCPA or similar anti-corruption laws may be able to secure business or other preferential treatment in such countries by means that such laws prohibit with respect to us. The UK Bribery Act 2010 is broader in scope than the FCPA, and applies to public and private sector corruption, and contains no facilitating payments exception. A violation of any of these laws, even if prohibited by our policies, could have a material adverse effect on

21



our business. Actual or alleged violations could damage our reputation, be expensive to defend, impair our ability to do business, and cause us to incur civil and criminal fines, penalties and sanctions.
Compliance with regulations relating to export controls, trade sanctions and embargoes administered by the countries in which we operate, including the United StatesU.S. Department of the Treasury'sTreasury’s Office of Foreign Assets Control ("OFAC"(“OFAC”) and similar regulations in non-U.S. jurisdictions also posespose a risk to us. We cannot provide products or services to certain countries, companies or individuals subject to trade sanctions of the U.S. and other countries. Furthermore, the laws and regulations concerning import activity, export recordkeepingrecord keeping and reporting, export controlcontrols and economic sanctions are complex and constantly changing. Any failure to comply with applicable legal and regulatory trading obligations

23



could result in criminal and civil penalties and sanctions, such as fines, imprisonment, debarment from governmental contracts, seizure of shipments and loss of import and export privileges.
Unionization efforts and labor regulations in certain areas in which we operate could materially increase our costs or limit our flexibility.
We are not a party to any collective bargaining agreements, other than in our Hamburg, Germany and Monterrey, Mexico and Hamburg, Germany facilities. We operate in certain states within the United StatesU.S. and in international areas that have a history of unionization and we may become the subject of a unionization campaign. If some or all of our workforce were to become unionized and collective bargaining agreement terms, including any renegotiation of our Hamburg, Germany and Monterrey, Mexico and Hamburg, Germany collective bargaining agreements, were significantly different from our current compensation arrangements or work practices, our costs could be increased, our flexibility in terms of work schedules and reductions in force could be limited, and we could be subject to strikes or work slowdowns, among other things.
We may incur liabilities to customers as a result of warranty claims.
We provide warranties as to the proper operation and conformance to specifications of the products we manufacture or install. Failure of our products to operate properly or to meet specifications may increase costs by requiring additional engineering resources and services, replacement of parts and equipment or monetary reimbursement to a customer. We have in the past received warranty claims, and we expect to continue to receive them in the future. To the extent that we incur substantial warranty claims in any period, our reputation, ability to obtain future business and earnings could be adversely affected.
We are subject to litigation risks that may not be covered by insurance.
In the ordinary course of business, we become the subject of various claims, lawsuits and administrative proceedings seeking damages or other remedies concerning our commercial operations, products, employees and other matters, including occasional claims by individuals alleging exposure to hazardous materials as a result of our products or operations. Some of these claims relate to the activities of businesses that we have acquired, even though these activities may have occurred prior to our acquisition of such businesses. Our insurance does not cover all of our potential losses, and we are subject to various self-insured retentions and deductibles under our insurance. A judgment may be rendered against us in cases in which we could be uninsured or beyondwhich exceed the amounts that we currently have reserved or anticipate incurring for such matters.
The number and cost of our current and future asbestos claims could be substantially higher than we have estimated and the timing of payment of claims could be sooner than we have estimated.
One of our subsidiaries has been and continues to be named as a defendant in asbestos related product liability actions. The actual amounts expended on asbestos-related claims in any year may be impacted by the number of claims filed, the nature of the allegations asserted in the claims, the jurisdictions in which claims are filed, and the number of settlements. As of December 31, 2016,2019, our subsidiary has a net liability of $0.3$0.3 million for the estimated indemnity cost associated with the resolution of its current open claims and future claims anticipated to be filed during the next five years.
Due to a number of uncertainties, that may result in significant changes in the current estimate, the actual costs of resolving these pending claims could be substantially higher than the current estimate. Among these are uncertainties as to the ultimate number and type of claimslawsuits filed, the amounts of claim costs, the impact of bankruptcies of other companies with asbestos claimssuits or of our insurers, and potential legislative changes and uncertainties surrounding the litigation process from jurisdiction to jurisdiction and from case to case. In addition, future claims beyond the five-year forecast period are possible, but the accrual does not cover losses that may arise from such additional future claims. Therefore, any such future claims could result in a loss.

22



Significant costs are incurred in defending asbestos claims and these costs are recorded at the time incurred. Receipt of reimbursement from our insurers may be delayed for a variety of reasons. In particular, if our primary insurers claim that certain policy limits have been exhausted, we may be delayed in receiving reimbursement as a result ofdue to the transition from one set of insurers to another. Our excess insurers may also dispute the claims of exhaustion, or may rely on certain policy requirements to delay or deny claims. Furthermore, the various per occurrence and aggregate limits in different insurance policies may result in extended negotiations or the denial of reimbursement for particular claims. For more information on the cost sharing agreements related to this risk, please read "Business—Legal proceedings."refer to Note 12 Commitments and Contingencies.
If we failOur products are used in operations that are subject to maintain an effective system of internal controls, we may not be able to accurately report our financial results or prevent fraud.
Effective internal control over financial processes and reporting are necessary for us to provide reliable financial reports effectively prevent fraud and operate successfully. Our efforts to maintain internal control systems may not be successful. In addition, the entities that we acquirepotential hazards inherent in the future may not maintain effective systems of internal control or we may encounter difficulties integrating our system of internal control with those of acquired entities. If we are unable to maintain effective internal controloil and natural gas industry and, as a result, fail to provide reliable financial reports and effectively prevent fraud, our reputation and operating results would be harmed.
We may be impacted by disruptions in the political, regulatory, economic and social conditions of the foreign countries in which we are expectedexposed to conduct business.
Instability and unforeseen changes in the international markets in which we conduct business, including economically and politically volatile areas such as North Africa, the Middle East, Latin America and the Asia Pacific region, could cause or contribute to factorspotential liabilities that could have an adverse effect on the demand for theaffect our financial condition and reputation.
Our products are used in potentially hazardous completion, production and services we provide. For example, we have previously transferred management and operations from certain Latin American countries, due to the presence of political turmoil, to other countriesdrilling applications in the region that are more politically stable.
In addition, worldwide political, economic, and military events have contributed to oil and natural gas price volatilityindustry where an accident or a failure of a product can potentially have catastrophic consequences. Risks inherent to these applications, such as equipment malfunctions; failures; explosions; blowouts or uncontrollable flows of oil, natural gas or well fluids; and natural disasters on land or in deepwater or shallow-water environments, can cause personal injury; loss of life; suspension of operations; damage to formations; damage to facilities; business interruption and damage to or destruction of property, surface water and drinking water resources, equipment and the environment. These risks can be caused or contributed to by failure of, defects in or misuse of our products. In addition, we provide certain services that could cause, contribute to or be implicated in these events. If our products or services fail to meet specifications or are likelyinvolved in accidents or failures, we could face warranty, contract or other litigation claims, which

24



could expose us to continue to do so in the future. Depending on the market pricessubstantial liability for personal injury, wrongful death, property damage, loss of oil and natural gas oilproduction, and natural gas exploration and development companies may cancelpollution or curtail their drilling programs, thereby reducing demand forother environmental damages. In addition, failure of our products to operate properly or to meet specifications may increase costs by requiring additional engineering resources and services.services, replacement of parts and equipment or monetary reimbursement to a customer. Our insurance policies may not be adequate to cover all liabilities. Further, insurance may not be generally available in the future or, if available, insurance premiums may make such insurance commercially unjustifiable. Moreover, even if we are successful in defending a claim, it could be time-consuming and costly to defend.
In addition, the frequency and severity of such incidents could affect operating costs, insurability and relationships with customers, employees and regulators. In particular, our customers may elect not to purchase our products or services if they view our safety record as unacceptable, which could cause us to lose customers and revenues. In addition, these risks may be greater for us because we may acquire companies that have not allocated significant resources and management focus to quality or safety, requiring rehabilitative efforts during the integration process. We may incur liabilities for losses associated with these newly acquired companies before we are able to rehabilitate such companies’ quality, safety and environmental programs.
Our acquisitions and dispositions may not result in anticipated benefits and may present risks not originally contemplated, which may have a material adverse effect on our business, consolidated results of operations and consolidated financial condition.
We continually seek opportunities to maximize efficiency and value through various transactions, including purchases or sales of assets, businesses, investments, or joint venture interests. These transactions are intended to (but may not) result in the realization of savings, the creation of efficiencies, the offering of new products or services, the generation of cash or income, or the reduction of risk. Acquisition transactions may use cash on hand or be financed by additional borrowings or by the issuance of our common stock. These transactions may also affect our business, consolidated results of operations and consolidated financial condition. These transactions also involve risks, and we cannot ensure that:
any acquisitions we attempt will be completed on the terms announced, or at all;
any acquisitions would result in an increase in income or provide an adequate return of capital or other anticipated benefits;
any acquisitions would be successfully integrated into our operations and internal controls;
the due diligence conducted prior to an acquisition would uncover situations that could result in financial or legal exposure, including under the FCPA, or that we will appropriately quantify the exposure from known risks;
any disposition would not result in decreased earnings, revenue, or cash flow;
use of cash for acquisitions would not adversely affect our cash available for capital expenditures and other uses; or
any dispositions, investments, or acquisitions, including integration efforts, would not divert management resources.

25



Climate change legislation or regulations restricting emissions of greenhouse gases and related divestment and other efforts could increase our operating costs or reduce demand for our products.
Environmental advocacy groups and regulatory agencies in the United StatesU.S. and other countries have focused considerable attention on the emissions of carbon dioxide, methane and other greenhouse gases and their potential role in climate change. In response to scientific studies suggesting that emissions of GHGs, including carbon dioxide and methane, are contributing to the warming of the Earth'sEarth’s atmosphere and other climatic conditions, the U.S. Congress has considered adopting comprehensive legislation to reduce emissions of GHGs, and almost half of the states have already taken legal measures to reduce emissions of GHGs, primarily through measures to promote the use of renewable energy and/or regional GHG cap-and-trade programs. The Environmental Protection Agency (the "EPA"“EPA”) has already begun to regulate greenhouse gas emissions under the federal Clean Air Act. In December 2009, the EPA determined that emissions of carbon dioxide, methane and certain other GHGs endanger public health and the environment because emissions of such gases are, according to the EPA, contributing to warming of the Earth'sEarth’s atmosphere and other climatic changes. Accordingly, the EPA has begun adopting rules under the Clean Air Act that, among other things, cover reductions in GHG emissions from motor vehicles, permits for certain large stationary sources of GHGs, and monitoring and annual reporting of GHG emissions from specified GHG emission sources, including oil and natural gas exploration and production operations. Additionally, in May 2016, the EPA issued final new source performance standards governing methane emissions that impose more stringent controls on methane and volatile organic compounds emissions at new and modified oil and natural gas production, processing, storage and transmission facilities. The EPA has also announced that it intends to impose methane emission standards for existing sources and has issued information collection requests to companies with production, gathering and boosting, gas processing, storage and transmission facilities. The EPA has also adopted rules requiring the reporting of greenhouse gas emissions from specified large greenhouse gas emission sources in the United States,U.S., including oil and gas systems. Similarly, the Department of the Interior’s Bureau of Land Management (“BLM”) issued final rules in November 2016 relating to the venting, flaring and leaking of natural gas by oil and natural gas producers who operate on federal and Indian lands.systems.

23



Finally, effortsEfforts have also been made and continue to be made in the international community toward the adoption of international treaties or protocols that would address global climate change issues. In 2015, the United StatesU.S. participated in the United Nations Conference on Climate Change, which led to the creation of the Paris Agreement. In April 2016, the United States signed the Paris Agreement, which requires member countries to review and “represent a progression” in their nationally determined contributions, which set GHG emission reduction goals every five years. In November 2019, the State Department formally informed the United Nations of the U.S.’s withdrawal from the Paris Agreement. Due to the Paris Agreement’s protocol, the withdrawal will be effective in November 2020.
The adoption of additional legislation or regulatory programs to reduce emissions of greenhouse gases could require us to incur increased operating costs to comply with new emissions-reduction or reporting requirements. Any such legislation or regulatory programs could also increase the cost of consuming, and thereby reduce demand for, hydrocarbons that certain of our customers produce.produce and reduce revenues by other of our customers who provide services to those exploration and production customers. Consequently, legislation and regulatory programs to reduce emissions of greenhouse gases could have an adverse effect on our business, financial condition and results of operations.
In addition to the regulatory efforts described above, there have also been efforts in recent years aimed at the investment community, including investment advisers, sovereign wealth funds, public pension funds, universities and other groups, promoting the divestment of fossil fuel equities as well as to pressure lenders and other financial services companies to limit or curtail activities with companies engaged in the extraction of fossil fuel reserves. If these efforts are successful, our ability to access capital markets may be limited and our stock price may be negatively impacted.
Members of the investment community have recently increased their focus on sustainability practices, including practices related to GHGs and climate change, in the oil and natural gas industry. As a result, we and our customers have come under increasing pressure to improve our sustainability practices. Some of our customers have begun to screen their service providers, including us, for compliance with sustainability metrics. Additionally, members of the investment community have begun to screen companies such as ours for sustainability performance before investing in our stock. If we are unable to establish adequate sustainability practices, we may lose customers, our stock price may be negatively impacted, our reputation may be negatively affected, and it may be more difficult for us to compete effectively. Our efforts to improve our sustainability practices in response to these pressures may increase our costs, and we may be forced to implement technologies that are not economically viable in order to improve our sustainability performance and to perform services for certain customers. Finally, some scientists have concluded that increasing concentrations of greenhouse gases in the Earth'sEarth’s atmosphere may produce climate changes that have significant physical effects, such as increased frequency and severity of storms, droughts, and floods and other climatic events.
Adverse weather conditions adversely affectnegatively impact demand for services and operations.
Adverse weather conditions, such as hurricanes, tornadoes, ice or snow may damage or destroy our facilities, interrupt or curtail our operations, or our customers'customers’ operations, cause supply disruptions and result in a loss of revenue, which

26



may or may not be insured. For example, certain of our facilities located in Oklahoma and Pennsylvania have experienced suspensions in operations due to tornado activity or extreme cold weather conditions.
A natural disaster, catastrophe or other event could result in severe property damage, which could curtail our operations.
Some of our operations involve risks of, among other things, property damage, which could curtail our operations. For example, disruptionsDisruptions in operations or damage to a manufacturing plant could reduce our ability to produce products and satisfy customer demand. In particular, we have offices and manufacturing facilities in Houston, Texas, and in various places throughout the U.S. Gulf Coast region. These offices and facilities are particularly susceptible to severe tropical storms and hurricanes, which may disrupt our operations. IfDamage to one or more of our manufacturing facilities are damaged by severe weather or any other disaster, accident, catastrophe or event, could significantly interrupt our operations could be significantly interrupted.operations. Similar interruptions could result from damage to production or other facilities that provide supplies or other raw materials to our plants or other stoppages arising from factors beyond our control. These interruptions might involve significant damage to property, among other things, property and repairs might take from a week or less for a minor incident to many months or more for a major interruption.
Potential legislation or regulations restricting the usesignificant amount of hydraulic fracturing could reduce demand for our products.
Hydraulic fracturing is an important and common practicetime. For example, in the oilthird quarter 2017, we were impacted by idled facilities and natural gas industry, which involves the injectionoperations directly related to Hurricane Harvey’s widespread damage in Texas and Louisiana. As a result, our financial results were negatively impacted by foregone revenue and under-absorption of water, sand and chemicals under pressure into a formation to fracture the surrounding rock and stimulate production of hydrocarbons. Certain environmental advocacy groups have suggested that additional federal, state and local laws and regulations may be needed to more closely regulate the hydraulic fracturing process, and have made claims that hydraulic fracturing techniques are harmful to surface water and drinking water resources. Various governmental entities (within and outside the United States) are in the process of studying, restricting, regulating or preparing to regulate hydraulic fracturing, directly or indirectly
For example, the EPA also released the final results of its comprehensive research study on the potential adverse impacts that hydraulic fracturing may have on drinking water resources in December 2016. The EPA concluded that hydraulic fracturing activities can impact drinking water resources under some circumstances, including large volume spills and inadequate mechanical integrity of wells. In May 2016, the EPA issued final new source performance standard requirements that impose more stringent controls on methane and volatile organic compounds emissions from oil and natural gas development and production operations, including hydraulic fracturing and other well completion activity. The EPA has also issued federal Safe Drinking Water Act (“SDWA”) permitting guidance for hydraulic fracturing operations involving the use of diesel fuel in fracturing fluids in those states where the EPA is the permitting authority. Additionally, the BLM issued final rules to regulate hydraulic fracturing on federal lands in March 2015. Although these rules were struck down by a federal court in Wyoming in June 2016, an appeal of the decision is still pending.
In past sessions, Congress has considered, but not passed, the adoption of legislation to provide for federal regulation of hydraulic fracturing under the SDWA and to require disclosure of the chemicals used in the hydraulic fracturing

24



process. Some states have adopted, and other states are considering adopting, legal requirements that could impose more stringent permitting, public disclosure or well construction requirements on hydraulic fracturing activities. Local government also may seek to adopt ordinances within their jurisdictions regulating the time, place and manner of drilling activities in general or hydraulic fracturing activities in particular, in some cases banning hydraulic fracturing entirely.
If new or more stringent federal, state or local legal restrictions relating to the hydraulic fracturing process are adopted in areas where our oil and natural gas exploration and production customers operate, they could incur potentially significant added costs to comply with such requirements, experience delays or curtailment in the pursuit of exploration, development, or production activities, and perhaps even be precluded from drilling wells, some or all of which activities could adversely affect demand for our services to those customers.
Compliance with government regulations regarding the use of "conflict minerals" may result in increasedmanufacturing costs, and, risks to us.
As part of the Dodd-Frank Wall Street Reform and Consumer Protection Act of 2010 ("Dodd-Frank"), the SEC has promulgated disclosure requirements regarding the use of certain minerals, which are mined from the Democratic Republic of Congo and adjoining countries, known as conflict minerals. We are required to publicly disclose our determination as to whether the products we sell contain conflict minerals and could incur significant costs related to implementing a process that will meet the mandates of Dodd-Frank. Additionally, customers may rely on us to provide critical data regarding the parts they purchase and will likely request conflict mineral information. We have many suppliers and each will provide conflict mineral information in a different manner, if at all. Accordingly, because the supply chain is complex, we may face reputational challenges if we are unable to sufficiently verify the origins of certain minerals used in our products. Additionally, customers may demand that the products they purchase be free of conflict minerals. The implementation of this requirement could affect the sourcing and availability of products we purchase from our suppliers. This may reduce the number of suppliers that may be able to provide conflict free products, and may affect our ability to obtain products in sufficient quantities to meet customer demand or at competitive prices. In addition, there may be material costs associated with complying with the disclosure requirements, such as costs related to determining the source of any relevant minerals used in our products, as well as costs arising from any changes as a consequence of such verification activities.
Our financial results could be adversely impacted by changes in regulation of oil and natural gas exploration and development activity, in response to significant environmental incidents.
The U.S. Department of the Interior implemented additional safety and certification requirements applicable to drilling activities in the U.S. Gulf of Mexico, imposed additional requirements with respect to exploration, development and production activities in U.S. waters and imposed a moratorium that delayed the approval of drilling plans and well permits in both deepwater and shallow-water areasindirectly, due to the Macondo well incident. Although neither we nor our products were involved in the incident, the delays caused by the new regulationssupplier and requirements had an overall negative effect on drilling activity in U.S. waters, and to a certain extent, our financial results. Another similar environmental incident could result in similar drilling moratoria, and could result in increased state, international and additional federal regulation of our and our customers' operations that could negatively impact our earnings, prospects and the availability and cost of insurance coverage. Any additional regulation of the exploration and production industry as a whole could result in fewer companies being financially qualified to operate offshore or onshore in the U.S. or in non-U.S. jurisdictions, result in higher operating costs for our customers and reduce demand for our products and services.
We may not be able to satisfy technical requirements, testing requirements, code requirements or other specifications under contracts and contract tenders.
Many of our products are used in harsh environments and severe service applications. Our contracts with customers and customer requests for bids often set forth detailed specifications or technical requirements (including that they meet certain industrial code requirements, such as API, ASME or similar codes, or that our processes and facilities maintain ISO or similar certifications) for our products and services, which may also include extensive testing requirements. We anticipate that such code testing requirements will become more common in our contracts. We cannot assure you that our products or facilities will be able to satisfy the specifications or requirements, or that we will be able to perform the full-scale testing necessary to prove that the product specifications are satisfied in future contract bids or under existing contracts, or that the costs of modifications to our products or facilities to satisfy the specifications and testing will not adversely affect our results of operations. If our products or facilities are unable to satisfy such requirements, or we are unable to perform or satisfy any required full-scale testing, we may suffer

25



reputational harm and our customers may cancel their contracts and/or seek new suppliers, and our business, results of operations or financial position may be adversely affected.
We may be adversely affected by disputes regarding intellectual property rights and the value of our intellectual property rights is uncertain.
As discussed above, we may become involved in legal proceedings from time to time to protect and enforce our intellectual property rights. Third parties from time to time may initiate litigation against us by asserting that the conduct of our business infringes, misappropriates or otherwise violates intellectual property rights. We may not prevail in any such legal proceedings related to such claims, and our products and services may be found to infringe, impair, misappropriate, dilute or otherwise violate the intellectual property rights of others. Any legal proceeding concerning intellectual property could be protracted and costly and is inherently unpredictable and could have a material adverse effect on our business, regardless of its outcome. Further, our intellectual property rights may not have the value that management believes them to have and such value may change over time as we and others develop new product designs and improvements.
A failure or breach of our information technology infrastructure, including as a result of cyber attacks, could adversely impact our business and results of operations.
The efficient operation of our business is dependent on our information technology ("IT") systems. Accordingly, we rely upon the capacity, reliability and security of our IT hardware and software infrastructure and our ability to expand and update this infrastructure in response to our changing needs. Despite our implementation of security measures, our IT systems are vulnerable to computer viruses, natural disasters, incursions by intruders or hackers, failures in hardware or software, power fluctuations, cyber terrorists and other similar disruptions. The failure of our IT systems to perform as anticipated for any reason or any significant breach of security could disrupt our business and result in numerous adverse consequences, including reduced effectiveness and efficiency of our operations and that of our customers, inappropriate disclosure of confidential information, increased overhead costs, and loss of intellectual property, which could lead to liability to third parties or otherwise and have a material adverse effect on our business and results of operations. In addition, we may be required to incur significant costs to prevent damage caused by these disruptions or security breaches in the future.logistical delays.
Provisions in our organizational documents and under Delaware law could delay or prevent a change in control of our company, which could adversely affect the price of our common stock.
The existence of some provisions in our organizational documents and under Delaware law could delay or prevent a change in control of our company that a stockholder may consider favorable, which could adversely affect the price of our common stock. Certain provisions of our amended and restated certificate of incorporation and amended and restated bylaws could make it more difficult for a third party to acquire control of our company, even if the change of control would be beneficial to our stockholders. These provisions include:
a classified board of directors, so that only approximately one-third of our directors are elected each year;
authority of our board to fill vacancies and determine its size;
the ability of our board of directors to issue preferred stock without stockholder approval;
limitations on the removal of directors; and
limitations on the ability of our stockholders to call special meetings.
In addition, our amended and restated bylaws establish advance notice provisions for stockholder proposals and nominations for elections to the board of directors to be acted upon at meetings of stockholders. Furthermore, if SCF’s ownership is reduced to less than 15%, certain restrictions under Delaware law on business combinations with greater than 15% stockholders will begin to apply to us.
L.E. Simmons & Associates, Incorporated ("LESA"(“LESA”), through SCF Partners (“SCF”), may effectively controlsignificantly influence the outcome of stockholder voting and may exercise this voting power in a manner adverse to our other stockholders.
As of February 24, 2017,2020, SCF held approximately 20.517.8 million shares of our common stock, equal to approximately 21%16% of the outstanding common stock at that date. LESA is the ultimate general partner of SCF and will exert significant controlinfluence over us, including over the outcome of most matters requiring a stockholder vote, such as the election of directors, adoption of amendments to our charter and bylaws and approval of transactions involving a change of control. LESA'sLESA’s interests may differ from our other stockholders, and SCF may vote its common stock in a manner that may adversely affect those stockholders.

26



SCF is a party to a registration rights agreement with us, which requires us to effect the registration of its shares in certain circumstances. SCF exercised such rights in 2013, 2014 and 2016 with respect to 6.0 million, 11.5 million and 3.7 million shares, respectively, which were offered and sold in November 2013, May 2014 and December 2016, respectively. Additional salesthe past. Sales of substantial amounts of our common stock by SCF, or the perception that such sales could occur, may adversely affect prevailing market prices of our common stock.

27



Certain of our directors may have conflicts of interest because they are also directors or officers of SCF. The resolution of these conflicts of interest may not be in the best interests of our Company or our other stockholders.
Certain of our directors, namely David C. Baldwin and Andrew L. Waite, are currently officers of LESA. In addition, our CEO, directly and through a trust in which thefor his children of our Chief Executive Officer, C. Christopher Gaut,who are primary beneficiaries, holds an ownership interest in the general partner of each of SCF-VI, L.P. and SCF-VII, L.P.various SCF funds. These positions may create conflicts of interest because of the ownership interest these directors and Mr. Gaut have an ownership interest in SCF-VI, L.P. and SCF-VII, L.P. and/or responsibilities to SCF Partners and its owners.maintain. Duties as directors or officers of LESA may conflict with such individuals'individuals’ duties as one of our directors or officers regarding business dealings and other matters between SCF Partners and us. The resolution of these conflicts may not always be in the best interest of our Company or our other stockholders. Please read "We“We have renounced any interest in specified business opportunities, and SCF Partners and its director nominees on our board of directors generally have no obligation to offer us those opportunities."
We have renounced any interest in specified business opportunities, and SCF Partners and its director nominees on our board of directors generally have no obligation to offer us those opportunities.
Our certificate of incorporation provides that, so long as we have a director or officer who is affiliated with SCF Partners (an "SCF Nominee"“SCF Nominee”) and for a continuous period of one year thereafter, we renounce any interest or expectancy in any business opportunity in which any member of the SCF group participates or desires or seeks to participate in and that involves any aspect of the energy equipment or services business or industry, other than (i) any business opportunity that is brought to the attention of an SCF Nominee solely in such person’s capacity as a director or officer of our Company and with respect to which no other member of the SCF group independently receives notice or otherwise identifies such opportunity and (ii) any business opportunity that is identified by the SCF group solely through the disclosure of information by or on behalf of our Company. We refer to SCF Partners and its other affiliates and its portfolio companies as the SCF group. We are not prohibited from pursuing any business opportunity with respect to which we have renounced any interest.
SCF Partners has investments in other oilfield service companies that may compete with us, and SCF Partners and its affiliates, other than our Company, may invest in other such companies in the future. LESA, the ultimate general partner of SCF, Partners, has an internal policy that discourages it from investing in two or more portfolio companies with substantially overlapping industry segments and geographic areas. However, LESA’s internal policy does not restrict the management or operation of its other individual portfolio companies from competing with us. Pursuant to LESA’s policy, LESA may allocate any potential opportunities to the existing portfolio company where LESA determines, in its discretion, such opportunities are the most logical strategic and operational fit. As a result, LESA or its affiliates may become aware, from time to time, of certain business opportunities, such as acquisition opportunities, and may direct such opportunities to its other portfolio companies, in which case we may not become aware of or otherwise have the ability to pursue such opportunities. Furthermore, LESA does not have a specific policy with regard to allocation of financial professionals and they are under no obligation to provide us with financial professionals.
Item 1B. Unresolved Staff Comments
Not applicable.None.




2728





Item 2. Properties
The following tables describetable describes the materialsignificant facilities owned or leased by us as of December 31, 2016:
2019 for our Drilling & Downhole (“D&D”), Completions (“C”) and Production (“P”) segments:
Country Location Number of facilitiesDescriptionLeased or OwnedSegments
 
Canada AlbertaRed Deer2Service/Distribution LeasedC
  Calgary 2Service/DistributionLeasedShared
  Edmonton 2Service/DistributionLeasedShared
Grande Prairie1Service/DistributionLeasedC
ChinaShanghai1DistributionLeasedP
Suzhou1DistributionLeasedP
Germany Hamburg 1ManufacturingLeasedD&D
Mexico Monterrey 1ManufacturingLeasedD&D
Saudi ArabiaDammam1Manufacturing/DistributionOwnedShared
Singapore Singapore 1Manufacturing/Service/DistributionLeasedD&D
UAE Dubai 1Service/DistributionLeasedD&D
Jebel Ali1Service/DistributionLeasedD&D
United Kingdom Aberdeen 1ServiceLeasedD&D
  Kirkbymoorside Leased1ManufacturingOwnedD&D
  Findon Leased
1 NewcastleManufacturing/Distribution LeasedD&D
United StatesBryan, TXOwned
 Broussard, LA Leased
3 Broussard, LAManufacturing/Service/Distribution OwnedShared
  Brownsville, PA 1Service/DistributionLeasedC
Bryan, TX1ManufacturingOwnedD&D
  Clearfield, PA 1Manufacturing/Service/DistributionOwnedP
  Davis, OK 2Manufacturing/ServiceOwnedC
  Dayton, TX 1ManufacturingOwnedC
  Elmore City, OK 1ManufacturingOwnedP
  Fort Worth, TX 1Manufacturing/ServiceLeasedC
  Guthrie, OK 1ManufacturingLeasedP
  Houston, TX 2Corporate/ManufacturingLeasedShared
Humble, TX1ManufacturingLeasedC
Liberty, TX1ServiceOwnedD&D
  Madison, KS 5ManufacturingLeasedP
Midland, TX2Service/DistributionLeasedC
Missouri City, TX1ManufacturingLeasedD&D
  Odessa, TX 1Service/DistributionLeasedC
Odessa, TX1Service/DistributionOwnedD&D
  Pearland, TX Owned
1 Pearland, TXManufacturing/Distribution LeasedOwnedD&D

29



  Plantersville, TX 1Manufacturing/DistributionOwnedD&D
  San Antonio, TXSmock, PA Owned1ServiceLeasedC
  Stafford, TX 2Manufacturing/DistributionLeasedShared
  Stafford, TX 1ManufacturingOwnedD&D
  Tyler, TX 1DistributionLeasedD&D
  Williston, ND 3Service/DistributionLeasedShared
We believe our facilities are suitable for their present and intended purposes, and are adequate for our current and anticipated level of operations.
We incorporate by reference in response to this item the information set forth in Item 1 and Item 7 of this Annual Report on Form 10-K and the information set forth in Note 6 Property and Equipmentand Note 11 of the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements included in Item 8 of this Annual Report on Form 10-K.12 Commitments and Contingencies.
Item 3. Legal Proceedings
Information related to Item 3. Legal Proceedings is included in Note 11 to the consolidated financial statements,12 Commitments and Contingencies, which areis incorporated herein by referencereference. In addition to these matters, we are involved in Part II, Item 8 "Financial Statements and Supplementary Data"various other legal proceedings incidental to the conduct of this Annual Reportour business. We do not believe that any of these legal proceedings will have a material adverse effect on Form 10-K.our financial condition, results of operation or cash flows.



28



Item 4. Mine Safety Disclosures
Not applicable.

Information About Our Executive officers of the registrantOfficers
The following table indicates the names, ages and positions of the executive officers of Forum as of February 24, 2017:2020:
NameAgePosition
C. Christopher Gaut6063President, Chief Executive Officer and Chairman of the Board
Prady IyyankiPablo G. Mercado4643President and Chief Operating Officer
James W. Harris57ExecutiveSenior Vice President and Chief Financial Officer
James L. McCullochJohn C. Ivascu6442ExecutiveSenior Vice President, General Counsel and Secretary
Michael D. Danford5457Senior Vice President-HumanPresident - Human Resources
D. Lyle Williams50Senior Vice President - Operations
C. Christopher Gaut. Mr. Gaut was appointed to serve as President and Chief Executive Officer in November 2018 and has served as our ChiefChairman of the board of directors since December 2017. Prior to that, from May 2017 to December 2017, he served as Executive Officer and Chairman of the Board, sinceand as Chief Executive Officer from May 2016.2016 to May 2017. From August 2010 to May 2016 he also served as President, Chief Executive Officer and Chairman of the Board, and as one of our directors since December 2006. He served as a consultant to LESA, the ultimate general partner of SCF, our largest stockholder, from November 2009 to August 2010.2010 and from April 2018 to November 2018. Mr. Gaut served at Halliburton Company, a leading diversified oilfield services company, as President of the Drilling and Evaluation Division and prior to that as Chief Financial Officer, from March 2003 through April 2009. From April 2009 through November 2009, Mr. Gaut was a private investor. Prior to joining Halliburton Company in 2003, Mr. Gaut was thea Co-Chief Operating Officer of Ensco International, a provider of offshore contract drilling services. He also served as Ensco'sEnsco’s Chief Financial Officer from 1988 until 2003. Mr. Gaut is currently a member of the board of directors of EnscoEOG Resources, an independent crude oil and natural gas company, and previously served as a director of Valaris plc the successor to Ensco International, and Key Energy Services Inc., a well services provider to major oil companies.provider. Mr. Gaut holds an A.B. in Engineering Sciences from Dartmouth College and an M.B.A. from The Wharton School at the University of Pennsylvania.
Prady Iyyanki. Pablo G. Mercado.Mr. IyyankiMercado has served as our President and Chief OperatingFinancial Officer since May 2016. FromMarch 2018. Prior to that, he served as Senior Vice President - Finance from June 2017 to March 2018; Vice President, Operations Finance from August 2015 to June 2017; Vice President, Corporate Strategy and Treasurer from January 2014 to May 2016, he served as ExecutiveAugust 2015; Vice President, and Chief Operating Officer.  Mr. Iyyanki was a private investorCorporate Development & Strategy from MarchFebruary 2013 to DecemberJanuary 2014; and Vice President, Corporate Development from November 2011 to February 2013. From AprilMay 2005 to October 2011, to March 2013, Mr. Iyyanki served as Vice PresidentMercado was an investment

30



banker in the Oil and Gas a manufacturerGroup of capital equipmentCredit Suisse Securities (USA) LLC where he worked with oilfield services companies and service provider forother companies in the oil and natural gas industry, and from April 2011 to December 2012 he served as President & Chief Executive Officer of the GE Oil and Gas Turbo Machinery business. From June 2006 to April 2011, Mr. Iyyanki served as President and Chief Executive Officer of the GE Power and Water Gas Engines business. Mr. Iyyanki holds a B.S. in Mechanical Engineering from Jawaharlal Nehru Technology University and an M.S. in Engineering from South Dakota State University.
James W. Harris. Mr. Harris has served as our Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer since February 2015. From December 2005 to February 2015, Mr. Harris held various titles, the most recent of which was Senior Vice President and Chief Financial Officer. Mr. Harris was Vice President, Controller of VeriCenter, Inc., a provider of information technology services, and General Manager of its AppSite Hosting service line from January 2004 through November 2005. Prior to joining VeriCenter, from August 1999 through December 2001, Mr. Harris worked for Enron Energy Services, Inc.,recently as a Vice PresidentDirector. From 1998 to 2001 and thereafter served as a consultant2003 to Enron through December 2003.May 2005, Mr. Harris began his careerMercado was an investment banker at Price Waterhouse from January 1985 until February 1994,other firms, primarily working with his final position being a Senior Tax Manager,companies in the oil and at Baker Hughes Incorporated from February 1994 until May 1999 in various positions, including Vice President, Tax and Controller. Mr. Harrisnatural gas industry. He is currently serves as a member of the board of directors of Oil Patch Group,Comfort Systems USA, Inc., a privately held company specializing in the rental of drill pipe, living quartersnational heating, ventilation and other rental equipment for the oil and natural gas industry.cooling company. Mr. HarrisMercado holds a B.S.B.B.A. from the Cox School of Business and Masters of Accountinga B.A. in Economics from Brigham Youngthe Dedman College, both at Southern Methodist University, and an M.B.A. from Rice University. Mr. Harris is a certified public accountant.The University of Chicago Booth School of Business.
James L. McCullochJohn C. Ivascu. Mr. McCullochIvascu has served as our Executive Vice President, General Counsel and Secretary since May 2016. From October 2010 to May 2016 he served as Senior Vice President, General Counsel and Secretary. Mr. McCulloch was a private investor from January 2008 until October 2010, andSecretary since February 20082019. Prior to that, he has also served on the board of directors of Sunland Inc., a privately held pipeline constructionas Vice President, Deputy General Counsel and services company. In 1983, Mr. McCulloch joined Global Marine Inc., a leading international offshore drilling contractor, asSecretary from February 2018 to February 2019; Vice President, Associate General Counsel and Assistant Secretary from August 2015 to February 2018; and Assistant General Counsel from June 2011 to August 2015. From 2006 to June 2011, Mr. Ivascu practiced corporate law at Vinson & Elkins L.L.P., representing public and private companies and investment banking firms in capital markets offerings, mergers and acquisitions, corporate governance and bankruptcy matters. From 2004 to 2006, Mr. Ivascu served in a varietyas an attorney for the U.S. Securities & Exchange Commission, Division of capacities within the legal department until being named Senior Vice President and General Counsel in 1995. In 2001, Global Marine merged with Santa Fe International Corporation, an international land and offshore drilling contractor, to form GlobalSantaFe Corporation, whereEnforcement. Mr. McCulloch continued to serve as

29



Senior Vice President and General Counsel until the company's merger with Transocean Inc. in December 2007. Mr. McCullochIvascu holds a B.A.B.B.A. from Tulanethe Stephen M. Ross School of Business at the University of Michigan, and a J.D. from Tulane University School of Law.Brooklyn Law School.
Michael D. Danford. Mr. Danford has served as our Senior Vice President - Human Resources since February 2015. Prior to that, Mr. Danford served as Vice President - Human Resources from November 2007 to February 2015. Prior to joining Forum and, from August 2007 through November 2007, he worked at Trico Marine Services Inc., a privately held provider of subsea and marine support vessels and services to the oil and natural gas industry, as Vice President - Human Resources. From 1997 through July 2007, Mr. Danford served as Director of Human Resources and Vice President - Human Resources for Hydril Company.Company, a publicly traded manufacturer of connections used for oil and natural gas drilling and production. From 1991 to 1997, Mr. Danford served in various human resources roles for Baker Hughes Incorporated.Incorporated, a publicly traded oilfield services company. Prior to joining Baker Hughes, Incorporated, from 1990 to 1991, Mr. Danford served as a recruiter and as an employee relations representative in the human resources department for Compaq Computer.Computer, a publicly traded developer and manufacturer of computer systems. Mr. Danford holds a B.S. degree in Computer Science from the University of Louisiana at Monroe (formerly Northeast Louisiana University).

D. Lyle Williams, Jr. Mr. Williams has served as Senior Vice President - Operations since May 2018. Since January 2007, Mr. Williams has held various financial and operations roles, including Vice President - Corporate Development and Treasurer; Vice President - Operations Finance; Vice President - Finance and Accounting, Drilling and Subsea Segment; Senior Vice President - Downhole Technologies; Vice President - Subsea Products; and Vice President - Capital Equipment. Prior to joining Forum, Mr. Williams held various operations positions with Cooper Cameron Corporation, including Director of Operations - Engineering Products. He holds a B.A. in Economics and English from Rice University and an M.B.A. from Harvard University Graduate School of Business Administration.





3031





PART II
Item 5. Market for Registrant'sRegistrant’s Common Equity, Related Stockholder Matters and Issuer Purchases of Equity Securities
Our common stock trades on the NYSE under the trading symbol "FET." The following table sets forth, for each full quarterly period indicated, the high and low closing sales prices for our common stock as quoted on the NYSE:
Year Ended December 31, 2016 High Low
First Quarter $13.52
 $8.54
Second Quarter $19.00
 $12.54
Third Quarter $19.86
 $15.09
Fourth Quarter $23.55
 $17.10
Year Ended December 31, 2015 High Low
First Quarter $20.95
 $15.31
Second Quarter $23.26
 $19.62
Third Quarter $19.30
 $12.21
Fourth Quarter $15.66
 $11.67
“FET.” As of February 24, 2017,2020, there were approximately 6757 shareholders of record of our common stock. In calculating the number of shareholders, we consider clearing agencies and security position listings as one shareholder for each agency or listing.
No dividends were declared or issued during 20162019 or 2015,2018, and we do not currently have any plans to pay cash dividends in the future. Our credit facility prohibits us from paying any cash dividends. Our future dividend policy is within the discretion of our Boardboard of Directorsdirectors and will depend upon various factors, including our results of operations, financial condition, capital requirements, investment opportunities, and other loan agreements. The indenture governing our senior notes also restricts the payment of dividends.
Purchase of Equity Securities
Our Board of Directors authorized on October 27, 2014, a share repurchase program for the repurchase of outstanding shares of our Common Stock having an aggregate purchase price of up to $150 million. Our credit facility prohibits us from repurchasing shares.

The shares of common stock purchased and placed in treasury during the three months ended December 31, 2016 is provided in the table below. 15,076 shares were purchased during the three months ended December 31, 2016 from employees in connection with the settlement of income tax and related benefit withholding obligations arising from the vesting of restricted stock grants.
Period Total number of shares purchased (a) Average price paid per share Total number of shares purchased as part of publicly announced plan or programs 
Maximum value of shares that may yet be purchased under the plan or program
(in thousands)
October 1, 2016 - October 31, 2016 2,008
 $21.13
 
 $49,752
November 1, 2016 - November 30, 2016 41
 $18.15
 
 
December 1, 2016 - December 31, 2016 13,027
 $22.05
 
 
Total 15,076
 $21.92
 
 $49,752
Performance Graph
The following graph compares total shareholder return on our common stock with the Standard & Poor’s 500 Stock Index and the Philadelphia Oil Service Sector Index ("OSX"(“OSX”), an index of oil and natural gas related companies that represents an industry composite of our peers. This graph covers the period from April 13, 2012, using the closing price for the first day of trading immediately following the effectiveness of our initial public offering per SEC regulations (rather than the IPO offering price of $20.00 per share),December 31, 2014 through December 31, 2016.2019. This comparison assumes the

31



investment of $100 on April 13, 2012,December 31, 2014 and the reinvestment of all dividends. The shareholder return set forth is not necessarily indicative of future performance.
chart-d70fed6ce7415eb6805.jpg
The performance graph above is furnished and not filed for purposes of Section 18 of the Exchange Act and will not be incorporated by reference into any registration statement filed under the Securities Act of 1933 (the "Securities Act"“Securities Act”) unless specifically identified therein as being incorporated therein by reference. The performance graph is not soliciting material subject to Regulation 14A.


32



Purchase of Equity Securities
Following is a summary of our repurchases of our common stock during the three months ended December 31, 2019.
PeriodTotal number of shares purchased (a) Average price paid per share Total number of shares purchased as part of publicly announced plan or programs (b) Maximum value of shares that may yet be purchased under the plan or program (in thousands) (b)
October 1, 2019 - October 31, 20191,945
 $3.42
 
 $49,752
November 1, 2019 - November 30, 2019
 $
 
 $49,752
December 1, 2019 - December 31, 2019
 $
 
 $49,752
Total1,945
 $3.42
 
  

a) All of the 1,945 shares purchased during the three months ended December 31, 2019 were acquired from employees in connection with the settlement of income tax and related benefit withholding obligations arising from the vesting of restricted stock grants. These shares were not part of a publicly announced program to purchase common stock.
(b) In October 2014, our board of directors approved a program for the repurchase of outstanding shares of our common stock with an aggregate purchase amount of up to $150.0 million. From the inception of this program through December 31, 2019, we have repurchased approximately 4.5 million shares of our common stock for aggregate consideration of approximately $100.2 million. Remaining authorization under this program is $49.8 million.
Acquisition of Innovative Valve Components
On January 9, 2017, we acquired all of the issued and outstanding partnership interests of Innovative Valve Components. As partial consideration for the acquisition we issued 196,249 shares of our common stock. Pursuant to the terms of the purchase agreement, we issued 8,400 shares of our common stock on January 9, 2018 and 82,962 shares of our common stock on January 9, 2019 in connection with the first and second anniversaries of the closing, respectively. The issuance of our common stock was exempt from registration under the Securities Act pursuant to Rule 4(a)(2) thereof and the safe harbor provided by Rule 506 of Regulation D promulgated thereunder.
Contingent shares issuance
On July 3, 2017, the Company acquired Multilift Welltec, LLC and Multilift Wellbore Technology Limited. In connection with the transactions, the Company entered into a contingent stock agreement with an employee. Pursuant to the contingent stock agreement, we issued 30,582 shares of our common stock on February 1, 2019. The issuance of our common stock was exempt from registration under the Securities Act pursuant to Rule 4(a)(2) thereof and the safe harbor provided by Rule 506 of Regulation D promulgated thereunder.





33



Item 6. Selected Financial Data
The following selected historical consolidated financial data should be read in conjunction with Item 7, "Management's“Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations"Operations” and our consolidated financial statements and related notes appearing in Item 8 "Financial“Financial Statements and Supplementary Data"Data” of this Annual Report on Form 10-K to fully understand the factors that may affect the comparability of the information presented below.
The selected historical financial data as of December 31, 20162019 and 2015,2018, and for the years ended December 31, 2016, 20152019, 2018 and 20142017 are derived from our audited consolidated financial statements and related notes thereto that are included herein. The selected historical data as of December 31, 2014, 20132017, 2016 and 20122015 and for the years ended December 31, 20132016 and 20122015 have been derived from our audited consolidated financial statements, which are not included in this Annual Report on Form 10-K. Our historical results are not necessarily indicative of our results to be expected in any future period.

32



  Year ended December 31,
(in thousands, except per share information)2019 2018 2017 2016 2015
Income Statement Data:         
Revenues$956,533
 $1,064,219
 $818,620
 $587,635
 $1,073,652
Total operating expenses1,492,361
 1,461,357
 961,215
 718,411
 1,202,199
Earnings (loss) from equity investment(318) 140
��1,000
 1,824
 14,824
Operating loss(536,146) (396,998) (141,595) (128,952) (113,723)
Total other expense (income)32,725
 (7,244) (86,316) 9,047
 20,600
Loss before income taxes(568,871) (389,754) (55,279) (137,999) (134,323)
Income tax expense (benefit)(1,814) (15,674) 4,121
 (56,051) (14,939)
Net loss(567,057) (374,080) (59,400) (81,948) (119,384)
Less: Income (loss) attributable to noncontrolling interest
 
 
 30
 (31)
Net loss attributable to common stockholders(567,057) (374,080) (59,400) (81,978) (119,353)
          
Weighted average shares outstanding         
Basic110,100
 108,771
 98,689
 91,226
 89,908
Diluted110,100
 108,771
 98,689
 91,226
 89,908
Loss per share         
Basic$(5.15) $(3.44) $(0.60) $(0.90) $(1.33)
Diluted$(5.15) $(3.44) $(0.60) $(0.90) $(1.33)
  Year ended December 31,
(in thousands, except per share information)2016 2015 2014 2013 2012
Income Statement Data:         
Net sales$587,635
 $1,073,652
 $1,739,717
 $1,524,811
 $1,414,933
Total operating expenses718,411
 1,202,199
 1,496,843
 1,322,569
 1,174,053
Earnings from equity investment1,824
 14,824
 25,164
 7,312
 
Operating income (loss)(128,952) (113,723) 268,038
 209,554
 240,880
Total other expenses9,047
 20,600
 25,516
 23,472
 18,085
Income (loss) from continuing operations before income taxes(137,999) (134,323) 242,522
 186,082
 222,795
Provision for income tax expense (benefit)(56,051) (14,939) 68,145
 56,478
 71,265
Net income (loss)(81,948) (119,384) 174,377
 129,604
 151,530
Less: Income (loss) attributable to noncontrolling interest30
 (31) 12
 65
 74
Net income (loss) attributable to common stockholders(81,978) (119,353) 174,365
 129,539
 151,456
          
Weighted average shares outstanding         
Basic91,226
 89,908
 92,628
 90,697
 80,111
Diluted91,226
 89,908
 95,308
 94,604
 86,937
Earnings (loss) per share         
Basic$(0.90) $(1.33) $1.88
 $1.43
 $1.89
Diluted$(0.90) $(1.33) $1.83
 $1.37
 $1.74
 As of December 31,
(in thousands)2019 2018 2017 2016 2015
Balance Sheet Data:         
Cash and cash equivalents$57,911
 $47,241
 $115,216
 $234,422
 $109,249
Net property, plant and equipment154,836
 177,358
 197,281
 152,212
 186,667
Total assets1,159,997
 1,829,652
 2,195,228
 1,835,192
 1,886,042
Long-term debt398,862
 517,544
 506,750
 396,747
 396,016
Total stockholders’ equity486,039
 1,030,126
 1,409,016
 1,235,202
 1,257,020
 As of December 31,
(in thousands)2016 2015 2014 2013 2012
Balance Sheet Data:         
Cash and cash equivalents$234,422
 $109,249
 $76,579
 $39,582
 $41,063
Net property, plant and equipment152,212
 186,667
 189,974
 180,292
 152,983
Total assets1,835,192
 1,886,042
 2,214,102
 2,160,247
 1,892,980
Long-term debt396,747
 396,016
 420,484
 503,455
 400,201
Total stockholders’ equity1,235,202
 1,257,020
 1,395,356
 1,330,355
 1,161,472
 Year ended December 31,
(in thousands)2019 2018 2017 2016 2015
Other financial data:         
Net cash provided by (used in) operating activities$104,144
 $2,407
 $(40,033) $64,742
 $155,913
Capital expenditures for property and equipment(15,102) (24,043) (26,709) (16,828) (32,291)
Proceeds from the sale of equity investment, business, property and equipment43,237
 9,258
 1,971
 9,763
 1,821
Acquisition of businesses, net of cash acquired
 (60,622) (162,189) (4,072) (60,836)
Net cash provided by (used in) investing activities28,135
 (75,407) (187,968) (11,137) (91,306)
Net cash provided by (used in) financing activities(122,191) 6,522
 100,563
 86,195
 (26,937)

 Year ended December 31,
(in thousands)2016 2015 2014 2013 2012
Other financial data:         
Net cash provided by operating activities$64,742
 $155,913
 $269,966
 $211,393
 $137,941
Capital expenditures for property and equipment(16,828) (32,291) (53,792) (60,263) (49,685)
Proceeds from sale of property and equipment9,763
 1,821
 2,718
 964
 5,051
Acquisition of businesses, net of cash acquired(4,072) (60,836) (38,289) (181,718) (139,889)
Net cash used in investing activities(11,137) (91,306) (70,691) (289,030) (184,523)
Net cash provided by / (used in) financing activities86,195
 (26,937) (162,018) 77,054
 65,782


3334





 
Item 7. Management'sManagement’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations
The following discussion and analysis of our financial condition and results of operations should be read in conjunction with "Selected“Selected historical consolidated financial data"data” included under Item 6 of this Annual Report on Form 10-K and our financial statements and related notes included under Item 8 of this Annual Report on Form 10-K. This discussion contains forward-looking statements based on our current expectations, estimates and projections about our operations and the industry in which we operate. Our actual results may differ materially from those anticipated in these forward-looking statements as a result of a variety of risks and uncertainties, including those described in "Risk factors", "—Cautionary“Risk Factors” and “Cautionary note regarding forward-looking statements"statements” and elsewhere in this Annual Report on Form 10-K. We assume no obligation to update any of these forward-looking statements.
Overview
We are a global oilfield products company, serving the drilling, downhole, subsea, completion,completions and production and infrastructure sectors of the oil and natural gas industry. We design, manufacture and distribute products and engage in aftermarket services, parts supply and related services that complement our product offering. Our product offering includes a mix ofThe Company's products include highly engineered capital equipment as well as products and frequently replaced items that are usedconsumed in the exploration, development,drilling, well construction, production and transportation of oil and natural gas. Our consumable products are used in drilling, well construction and completions activities, within the supporting infrastructure, and at processing centers and refineries. Our engineered capital products are directed at: drilling rig equipment for new rigs, upgrades and refurbishment projects; subsea construction and development projects; pressure pumping equipment; the placement of production equipment on new producing wells; pressure pumping equipment; and downstream capital projects. Our engineered systems are critical components used on drilling rigs, for completions or in the course of subsea operations, while our consumable products are used to maintain efficient and safe operations at well sites in the well construction process, within the supporting infrastructure and at processing centers and refineries. Historically,In 2019, over 60%80% of our revenue iswas derived from consumable products and activity-based equipment, while the balance iswas primarily derived from capital products andwith a small amount from rental and other services.
We seek to design, manufacture and supply high quality reliable products that create value for our diverse customer base, which includes, among others, oil and natural gas operators, land and offshore drilling contractors, oilfield service companies, subsea construction and service companies, and pipeline and refinery operators.
Beginning withIn the first quarter of 2016,2019, we realignedchanged our segments. Several product lines were combined into a new segment, designated asreporting segments to align them with business activity drivers and the Completions segment,manner in recognition of the expansion in these operationswhich management reviews and their significant growth potential. We are reporting our results of operationsevaluates operating performance. Forum now operates in the following reportablethree reporting segments: Drilling & Downhole, Completions and Production, and we believe that this reporting segment structure better aligns with the key phases of the well cycle and provides improved operating efficiencies. Prior to this change, we operated in three business segments: Drilling & Subsea, Completions, and Production & Infrastructure. We moved the Downhole product line from Completions to Drilling & Subsea to form the new Drilling & Downhole segment. Completions retained the Stimulation & Intervention and Coiled Tubing product lines. Finally, we renamed Production & Infrastructure insteadthe Production segment. Our historical results of the original two reportable segments. Management’s change in the composition of our reportable segments was made in orderoperations have been recast to align with activity drivers and the customers of our product groups, and how management reviews and evaluates operating performance. This change is reflected on a retrospective basisretrospectively reflect these changes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles in the United States ("GAAP"), with prior years adjusted to reflect the change in reportable segments. The new segments are composedprinciples.
A summary of the following:
Drilling & Subsea segment. This segment designs and manufactures products and provides related services to the drilling and subsea construction and services markets.offered by each segment is as follows:
Drilling & Downhole. This segment designs and manufactures products and provides related services to the drilling, well construction, artificial lift and subsea energy construction and services markets as well as other sectors such as alternative energy, defense and communications. The products and related services consist primarily of: (i) capital equipment and a broad line of expendable drilling products consumed in the drilling process; (ii) well construction casing and cementing equipment, protection products for artificial lift equipment and cables, and composite plugs used for zonal isolation in hydraulic fracturing; and (iii) subsea remotely operated vehicles and trenchers, specialty components and tooling, products used in subsea pipeline infrastructure, and complementary subsea technical services.
Completions. This segment designs, manufactures and supplies products and provides related services to the coiled tubing, stimulation and intervention markets. The products and related services consist primarily of: (i) capital and consumable products sold to the pressure pumping, hydraulic fracturing and flowback services markets, including hydraulic fracturing pumps, pump consumables, cooling systems and flow iron as well as wireline cable, and pressure control equipment used in the well completion and intervention service markets; and (ii) coiled tubing strings and coiled line pipe and related services.
Production. This segment designs, manufactures and supplies products and provides related equipment and services for production and infrastructure markets. The products and related services consist primarily of: (i) engineered process systems, production equipment, as well as specialty separation equipment; and (ii) a wide

35


Completions segment. This segment designs, manufactures and supplies products and provides related services to the well construction, completion, stimulation and intervention markets. The products and related services consist primarily of: (i) well construction casing and cementing equipment, cable protectors used in completions, composite plugs used for zonal isolation in hydraulic fracturing and wireline flow-control products; and (ii) capital and consumable products sold to the pressure pumping, hydraulic fracturing and flowback services markets, including hydraulic fracturing pumps, pump consumables and flow iron as well as coiled tubing, wireline cable, and pressure control equipment used in the well completion and intervention service markets.

Production & Infrastructure segment. This segment designs, manufactures and supplies products and provides related equipment and services for production and infrastructure markets.  The products and related services consist primarily of: (i) engineered process systems, production equipment and related field services, as well as oil and produced water treatment equipment; and (ii) a wide range of industrial valves focused on serving upstream, midstream, and downstream oil and natural gas customers.

34



customers as well as power and other general industries.
Market Conditions
The level of demand for our products and services is directly related to the activity levels and the capital and operating budgets of our customers, which in turn are heavily influenced heavily by energy prices and the expectationexpectations as to future trendsprice trends. In addition, the availability of existing capital equipment adequate to serve exploration and production requirements, or lack thereof, drives demand for our capital equipment products.
The probability of changes in those prices. Energyenergy prices and their extent and duration are difficult to predict. Oil prices fluctuated throughout 2019 and were on average lower compared to 2018.
The volume of rigs drilling for oil and natural gas in North America and the level of hydraulic fracturing and other well completion activities are drivers for our revenue from this region. In the second half of 2019, activity levels significantly slowed in the North America market, which caused a material reduction in demand for many of our products and thus, our revenue. In addition to oil prices, other factors contributed to this slowdown in activity. Publicly traded exploration and production and oilfield services companies are under pressure from investors to reduce capital spending, generate positive free cash flow and return capital to investors. This has led service companies to reduce capital expenditures on new equipment and defer maintenance on existing fleets by utilizing equipment from idle fleets.
Increases in activity in international regions, as well as global offshore and subsea activity, have historicallyseen a modest recovery in 2019. As a result, we have seen an increase in international demand for our drilling and subsea capital equipment offerings, especially in the Middle East market. However, revenue levels remain far below the level achieved during the last newbuild cycle due to the oversupply of relatively new or recently upgraded equipment. 
Revenue for our Valve Solutions product line is also influenced by energy prices, but to a lesser extent compared to our other product lines, resulting in more stable operating and financial results over the long-term. Demand for valves from the oil and natural gas industry worldwide is driven by planned investments in global refinery and petrochemical projects, as well as the construction of additional pipeline capacity. Our valve distribution customers have also been cyclicalunder pressure to generate positive free cash flow. This has led them to decrease the amount of valves in nature, as exemplified by the significanttheir inventories, causing a decrease in oil prices beginningorders from our valve distribution customers until their inventories reach targeted levels. This was particularly evident in the middlesecond half of 2014,2019 when our Valve Solutions product line experienced a material slowdown in bookings and are affected byoverall customer demand.
The U.S. government has imposed tariffs on imports of selected products, including those sourced from China. In response, China and other countries have imposed retaliatory tariffs on a wide range of factors. The low energy price environmentU.S. products, including those containing steel and aluminum. These tariffs have caused a steep reduction in activity and spending by our customers beginning in 2014. Many exploration and production companies, especially those with operations in North America or offshore, curtailed operations, reduced the numbercost of wells being drilled, or choseraw materials to defer the completion of wells that had been drilled. The low commodity prices also resulted in a substantial reduction in activity and revenue for energy service companies, resulting in both exploration and production and energy service companies significantly reducing their purchases of both capital and consumable equipment from the Company and other equipment manufacturers. This widespread reduction in spending had a negative impact on our financial results and new orders from the second half of 2014 through 2016.
Although the probability of any cyclical change in energy prices and the extent and duration of such a change are difficult to predict, there are signs that the market may be recovering from the recent downturn. The announcement by the Organization of Petroleum Exporting Countries ("OPEC") and other unaffiliated countries that their production levels would be capped or reduced has led to a modest increase, in oil prices. As a result, a number of exploration and production companies have announced increases in their capital budgets for 2017 based on a more optimistic assessment of the direction of oil prices in the near to medium term. Should this additional spending materialize and continue, our customers, led by those active in North American land basins, should see increased activity and require additional consumable and capital equipment from the Company and other equipment manufacturers. Activity in high cost areas, however, especially offshore and in some international areas, is expected to lag any recovery. Influenced by the expectation of higher energy prices, our inbound orders increased in the fourth quarter. The pace and strength of a recovery in energy markets andprimarily in our results, however, remain uncertain asCoiled Tubing and Valve Solutions product lines. In response, we enter 2017.are taking actions to mitigate the impact, including through the pricing of our products, diversification of our supply chain and applying for tariff exemptions for certain products.
The table below shows average crude oil and natural gas prices for West Texas Intermediate crude oil (WTI), United Kingdom Brent crude oil (Brent), and Henry Hub natural gas:
 2016 2015 2014 2019 2018 2017
Average global oil, $/bbl            
West Texas Intermediate $43.29
 $48.66
 $93.21
 $56.98
 $65.07
 $50.80
United Kingdom Brent $43.67
 $52.32
 $98.97
 $64.30
 $71.11
 $54.12
            
Average North American Natural Gas, $/Mcf            
Henry Hub $2.52
 $2.62
 $4.37
 $2.56
 $3.16
 $2.99
Average WTI and Brent oil prices were 11%12% and 17%10% lower, respectively, in 2016 than 2015.for the year ended December 31, 2019 compared to 2018. The spot WTI and Brent oil price was $53.75closed at $61.14 and $37.13$67.77 per barrel, onrespectively, as of December 31, 20162019 versus $45.15 and 2015, respectively.$50.57, respectively, as of December 31, 2018. Average natural gas prices were 4%19% lower in 20162019 than 2015. Primarily as a result of increasing supply2018. Concerns about the coronavirus and insufficientits potential impact on the Chinese and global economy are creating uncertainty about the overall demand growth, crude oilfor hydrocarbons resulting in lower prices began a significant decline in the second half of 2014 and have declined 50% from peak prices in June 2014 to the end of December 2016. The precipitous decline infor oil and natural gas prices resulted in a significant decrease in exploration and production activity and spending by our customers, causing us to experience a significant adverse impact on our results of operation during that period.early 2020.



3536





The table below shows the average number of active drilling rigs based on the weekly Baker Hughes Incorporated rig count, operating by geographic area and drilling for different purposes.purposes based on the weekly rig count information published by Baker Hughes Company.
 2016 2015 2014 2019 2018 2017
Active Rigs by Location            
United States 509
 978
 1,862
 943
 1,032
 877
Canada 130
 192
 379
 134
 191
 206
International 955
 1,167
 1,337
 1,098
 989
 948
Global Active Rigs 1,594
 2,337
 3,578
 2,175
 2,212
 2,031
            
Land vs. Offshore Rigs            
Land 1,348
 2,016
 3,193
 1,903
 1,987
 1,812
Offshore 246
 321
 385
 272
 225
 219
Global Active Rigs 1,594
 2,337
 3,578
 2,175
 2,212
 2,031
            
U.S. Commodity Target, Land            
Oil/Gas 408
 750
 1,526
 773
 841
 704
Gas 100
 227
 333
 169
 190
 172
Unclassified 1
 1
 3
 1
 1
 1
Total U.S. Land Rigs 509
 978
 1,862
 943
 1,032
 877
            
U.S. Well Path, Land            
Horizontal 400
 744
 1,273
 826
 900
 737
Vertical 60
 139
 377
 54
 63
 70
Directional 49
 95
 212
 63
 69
 70
Total U.S. Active Land Rigs 509
 978
 1,862
 943
 1,032
 877
As a result of lower oil and natural gas prices, the average U.S. rig count decreased 48% from 2015, while the international rig count and the Canadian rig count decreased 18% and 32%, respectively, from 2015. The U.S. rig count declined 79% from the peak of 1,931 rigs in the third quarter of 2014 to the trough of 404 rigs in the second quarter of 2016. Since then the number of working rigs has increased steadily to 658 rigs at the end of December 2016. A substantial portion of our revenue is impacted by the level of rig activity and the number of wells completed. WhileThe average U.S. and Canadian rig counts in 2019 decreased 9% and 30%, respectively, as compared to 2018, while the international rig count increased 11% compared to 2018. The average U.S. and Canadian rig counts decreased significantly in the second half of 2019. As of December 31, 2019, the number of working rigs in the U.S. land rig count has starteddecreased to recover, it remains low compared to historical norms.805 active rigs, from 1,083 active rigs as of December 31, 2018.
The table below shows the amount of total inbound orders by segment for the years ended December 31, 2016, 20152019, 2018 and 2014:2017:
(in millions of dollars) 2016 2015 2014
Orders:      
Drilling & Subsea $216.7
 $363.5
 $1,002.2
Completions 129.3
 209.2
 373.9
Production & Infrastructure 250.8
 297.3
 470.1
Total Orders $596.8
 $870.0
 $1,846.2



36

Table of Contents


(in millions of dollars) 2019 2018 2017
Orders:      
Drilling & Downhole $314.2
 $371.7
 $299.3
Completions 273.8
 373.8
 212.3
Production 275.4
 370.8
 358.3
Total Orders $863.4
 $1,116.3
 $869.9
Acquisitions and Dispositions
Subsequent toOn December 31, 2016,4, 2019, we acquired substantially all of thesold certain assets of our Cooper Valves, LLC (“Cooper”) as well asAlloy brand of valve products for total consideration of $4.0 million and recognized a gain on disposition totaling $2.3 million.
On October 5, 2018, we acquired 100% of the general partnership interestsstock of Innovative Valve ComponentsHouston Global Heat Transfer LLC (“GHT”) for total aggregate consideration of $14.5 million.$57.3 million, net of cash acquired. The acquired Cooper brands includeaggregate consideration includes the Accuseal® metal seated ball valves engineeredestimated fair value of certain contingent cash payments due to meet Class VI shut off standards for usethe former owners of GHT if certain conditions are met in severe service applications, as well as a full line of cast2019 and forged gate, globe,2020. Based in Houston, Texas, GHT designs, engineers, and check valves. Innovative Valve Components, in partnership with Cooper Valves, commercialized critical service valvesmanufactures premium industrial heat exchanger and components for the power generation, mining and oil and natural gas industries. Cooper is included in the Production and Infrastructure segment.
On April 28, 2016, we completed thecooling systems used primarily on hydraulic fracturing equipment. This acquisition of the wholesale completion packers business of Team Oil Tools, Inc. The acquisition includes a wide variety of completion and service tools, including retrievable and permanent packers, bridge plugs and accessories which are sold to oilfield service providers, packer repair companies and distributors on a global basis, and is included in the Completions segment.

37

Table of Contents


On FebruaryJuly 2, 2015,2018, we completed the acquisitionacquired certain assets of J-Mac Tool, Inc. (“J-Mac”)ESP Completion Technologies LLC, a subsidiary of C&J Energy Services, for aggregatecash consideration of approximately $61.9$8.0 million. J-Mac, located in Fort Worth, Texas, manufactures hydraulic fracturing pumps, power ends, fluid ends and other pump accessories. The acquired business also provides repair and refurbishment services at its main location in Fort Worth and at other service center locations. J-Mac is included inESPCT consists of a portfolio of early stage technologies that maximize the Completions segment.
On May 1, 2014, we completed therun life of artificial lift systems, primarily electric submersible pumps. This acquisition of Quality Wireline & Cable, Inc. ("Quality") for consideration of $38.3 million. Quality is a Calgary, Alberta based manufacturer of high-performance cased-hole electro-mechanical wireline cables and specialty cables for the oil and natural gas industry. Quality is included in the Drilling & Subseaand Downhole segment.
NoneOn January 3, 2018, we contributed our subsea rentals business to Ashtead to create an independent provider of these transactions included potential future payments contingent on financial performance.subsea survey and equipment rental services. In exchange, we received a 40% interest in the combined business, a cash payment of £2.7 million British Pounds and a note receivable from Ashtead of £3.0 million British Pounds. Following this transaction, our 40% interest in Ashtead was accounted for as an equity method investment and reported as Investment in unconsolidated subsidiary in our consolidated balance sheets. On September 3, 2019, we sold our aggregate 40% interest in Ashtead to the majority owners of Ashtead. Total consideration for Forum’s 40% interest and the settlement of the £3.0 million British Pounds note receivable from Ashtead was $47.7 million. Forum received $39.3 million in cash proceeds and a new £6.9 million British Pounds note receivable with a three year maturity.
There are factors related to the businesses we have acquired and disposed that may result in lower or higher net profit margins on a going-forwardgo-forward basis, primarily the federal income tax status of the legal entity and the level of depreciation and amortization charges arising out of the accounting for the purchase.
For additional information regarding our 2016, 2015,acquisitions and 2014 acquisitions, please readdispositions, refer to Note 3 of the Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements in Part II, Item 8 "Financial Statements and Supplementary Data" of this Annual Report on Form 10-K.
Evaluation of operations
We manage our operations through the three business segments described above. We have focused on implementing financial reporting and controls at all of our operations to accelerate the availability of critical information necessary to support informed decision making. We use a number of financial and non-financial measures to routinely analyze and evaluate, on a segment and corporate level, the performance of our business. As an example of a non-financial measure, we measure our safety by tracking the total recordable incident rate and we consider this as an indication of the quality of our products. Financial measures include the following:
Revenue growth. We compare actual revenue achieved each month to the most recent estimate for that month and to the annual plan for the month established at the beginning of the year. We monitor our revenue to analyze trends in the relative performance of each of our product lines as compared to standard revenue drivers or market metrics applicable to that product. We are particularly interested in identifying positive or negative trends and investigating to understand the root causes. In addition, we review these metrics on a quarterly basis. We also evaluate changes in the mix of products sold and the resultant impact on reported gross margins.
Gross margin percentage. We define gross margin percentage as our gross margin, or net sales minus cost of sales, divided by our net sales. Our management continually evaluates our consolidated gross margin percentage and our gross margin percentage by segment to determine how each segment is performing. This metric aids management in capital resource allocation and pricing decisions.
Selling, general and administrative expenses as a percentage of total revenue. Selling, general and administrative expenses include payroll related costs for sales, marketing, administrative, accounting, information technology, certain engineering and human resources functions; audit, legal and other professional fees; insurance; franchise taxes not based on income; travel and entertainment; advertising and promotions; depreciation and amortization expense; bad debt expense; and other office and administrative related costs. Our management continually evaluates the level of our selling, general and administrative expenses in relation to our revenue and makes appropriate changes in light of activity levels to preserve and improve our profitability while meeting the on-going support and regulatory requirements of the business.

37

Table of Contents


Operating income and operating margin percentage. We define operating income as revenue less cost of goods sold less selling, general and administrative expenses. We define our operating margin percentage as operating income divided by revenue. These metrics assist management in evaluating the performance of each segment as a whole, especially to determine whether the amount of administrative burden is appropriate to support current business activity levels.
Earnings per share. We calculate fully-diluted earnings per share as prescribed under GAAP, that is net income divided by common shares outstanding, giving effect for the assumed exercise of all outstanding options and warrants with a strike price less than the average fair value of the shares over the period covered for the calculation. There is no dilutive effect for 2016 and 2015 since we are in a net loss position. We believe this measure is important as it reflects the sum total of operating results and all attendant capital decisions, showing in one number the amount earned for the stockholders of our Company.
Free cash flow. We define free cash flow as net cash provided by operating activities, less capital expenditures for property and equipment net of proceeds from sale of property and equipment and other. We believe that this measure is important because it encompasses both profitability and capital management in evaluating results. Free cash flow represents the business’ contribution in the generation of funds available to pay debt outstanding, invest in other areas, or return funds to our stockholders.
Free cash flow is a non-GAAP financial measure and should not be considered as an alternative to cash provided by operating activities as a cash flow measurement.4 Acquisitions & Dispositions.
Factors affecting the comparability of our future results of operations to our historical results of operations
Our future results of operations may not be comparable to our historical results of operations for the periods presented, primarily for the following reasons:
Since our initial public offering in 2012, we have grown our business both organically and through strategic acquisitions. We have expanded and diversified our product portfolio and business lines with the acquisition of one businesstwo businesses in each of 2016, 2015, and 2014.2018. The historical financial data for periods prior to the acquisitions does not include the results of any of the acquired companies for the periods presented and, aspresented. In addition, we completed two strategic dispositions in 2019. The historical financial data for periods prior to these dispositions include the results attributable to the disposed assets for the periods presented. As such, doeshistorical financial results may not provide an accurate indication of our future results.
As we integrate acquired companies and further implement internal controls, processes and infrastructure to operate in compliance with the regulatory requirements applicable to companies with publicly traded shares, it is likely that we will incur incremental selling, general and administrative expenses relative to historical periods.
Our future results will depend on our ability to efficiently manage our combined operations and execute our business strategy.




38

Table of Contents




Results of operations
Year ended December 31, 20162019 compared with year ended December 31, 2015
2018
Year ended December 31, Favorable / (Unfavorable)
2016 2015 $ %Year ended December 31, Change
(in thousands of dollars, except per share information)       2019 2018 $ %
Revenue:              
Drilling & Subsea$227,872
 $487,299
 $(259,427) (53.2)%
Drilling & Downhole$334,829
 $334,019
 $810
 0.2 %
Completions127,432
 267,236
 (139,804) (52.3)%305,089
 373,107
 (68,018) (18.2)%
Production & Infrastructure233,754
 320,442
 (86,688) (27.1)%
Production320,996
 361,407
 (40,411) (11.2)%
Eliminations(1,423) (1,325) (98) *
(4,381) (4,314) (67) *
Total revenue$587,635
 $1,073,652
 (486,017) (45.3)%$956,533
 $1,064,219
 (107,686) (10.1)%
Cost of sales:              
Drilling & Subsea$189,132
 $359,004
 $169,872
 47.3 %
Drilling & Downhole$240,175
 $256,208
 $(16,033) (6.3)%
Completions123,548
 212,238
 88,690
 41.8 %226,713
 272,280
 (45,567) (16.7)%
Production & Infrastructure176,643
 241,058
 64,415
 26.7 %
Production249,174
 283,673
 (34,499) (12.2)%
Eliminations(1,423) (1,325) 98
 *
(4,381) (4,314) (67) *
Total cost of sales$487,900
 $810,975
 $323,075
 39.8 %$711,681
 $807,847
 $(96,166) (11.9)%
Gross profit:              
Drilling & Subsea$38,740
 $128,295
 $(89,555) (69.8)%
Drilling & Downhole$94,654
 $77,811
 $16,843
 21.6 %
Completions3,884
 54,998
 (51,114) (92.9)%78,376
 100,827
 (22,451) (22.3)%
Production & Infrastructure57,111
 79,384
 (22,273) (28.1)%
Production71,822
 77,734
 (5,912) (7.6)%
Total gross profit$99,735
 $262,677
 $(162,942) (62.0)%$244,852
 $256,372
 $(11,520) (4.5)%
Selling, general and administrative expenses:              
Drilling & Subsea$92,329
 $121,405
 $29,076
 23.9 %
Drilling & Downhole$86,993
 $111,286
 $(24,293) (21.8)%
Completions50,783
 58,698
 7,915
 13.5 %71,795
 68,903
 2,892
 4.2 %
Production & Infrastructure56,456
 56,726
 270
 0.5 %
Production64,020
 71,712
 (7,692) (10.7)%
Corporate27,440
 28,077
 637
 2.3 %28,928
 35,079
 (6,151) (17.5)%
Total selling, general and administrative expenses$227,008
 $264,906
 $37,898
 14.3 %$251,736
 $286,980
 $(35,244) (12.3)%
Operating income (loss):       
Drilling & Subsea$(53,589) $6,890
 $(60,479) *
Operating income margin %(23.5)% 1.4%    
Segment operating income (loss):       
Drilling & Downhole$7,343
 $(33,335) $40,678
 122.0 %
Operating margin %2.2 % (10.0)%    
Completions(45,075) 11,124
 (56,199) *
6,581
 31,924
 (25,343) (79.4)%
Operating income margin %(35.4)% 4.2%    
Production & Infrastructure655
 22,658
 (22,003) (97.1)%
Operating income margin %0.3 % 7.1%    
Operating margin %2.2 % 8.6 %    
Production7,802
 6,022
 1,780
 29.6 %
Operating margin %2.4 % 1.7 %    
Corporate(27,440) (28,077) 637
 2.3 %(28,928) (35,079) 6,151
 17.5 %
Total segment operating income (loss)$(125,449) $12,595
 $(138,044) *
Operating income margin %(21.3)% 1.2%    
Goodwill and Intangible asset impairment
 125,092
 125,092
 *
Total segment operating loss$(7,202) $(30,468) $23,266
 76.4 %
Operating margin %(0.8)% (2.9)%    
Transaction expenses865
 480
 (385) *
1,159
 3,446
 (2,287) *
Loss on sale of assets2,638
 746
 (1,892) *
Loss from operations(128,952) (113,723) (15,229) (13.4)%
Interest expense, net27,410
 29,945
 2,535
 8.5 %
Other (income) expense, net(21,341) (9,345) 11,996
 *
Deferred loan cost written off2,978
 
 (2,978) *
Other (income) expense, net9,047
 20,600
 11,553
 56.1 %
Impairments of goodwill, intangible assets, property and equipment532,336
 363,522
 168,814
 *
Contingent consideration benefit(4,629) 
 (4,629) *
Loss (gain) on disposal of assets and other78
 (438) 516
 *
Operating loss(536,146) (396,998) (139,148) (35.1)%
Interest expense31,618
 32,532
 (914) (2.8)%
Foreign exchange losses (gains) and other, net5,022
 (6,270) 11,292
 *
Gain on contribution of subsea rentals business
 (33,506) 33,506
 *
Gain on disposition of business(2,348) 
 (2,348) *
Gain realized on previously held equity investment(1,567) 
 (1,567) *
Total other (income) expense, net32,725
 (7,244) 39,969
 *
Loss before income taxes(137,999) (134,323) (3,676) (2.7)%(568,871) (389,754) (179,117) (46.0)%
Income tax benefit(56,051) (14,939) 41,112
 *
(1,814) (15,674) 13,860
 *
Net loss(81,948) (119,384) 37,436
 31.4 %(567,057) (374,080) (192,977) (51.6)%
Less: Income (loss) attributable to non-controlling interest30
 (31) 61
 *
Loss attributable to common stockholders$(81,978) $(119,353) $37,375
 31.3 %
              
Weighted average shares outstanding              
Basic91,226
 89,908
    110,100
 108,771
    
Diluted91,226
 89,908
    110,100
 108,771
    
Earnings (loss) per share       
Loss per share       
Basic$(0.90) $(1.33)    $(5.15) $(3.44)    
Diluted$(0.90) $(1.33)    $(5.15) $(3.44)    
* not meaningful              


39

Table of Contents




Revenue
Our revenue for the year ended December 31, 2016 decreased $486.02019 was $956.5 million, a decrease of $107.7 million, or 45.3%10.1%, to $587.6 million compared to the year ended December 31, 2015.2018. In general, the decrease in revenue is due to lower drilling and completions activity in the North America market resulting from lower oil and natural gas prices compared to the previous year resulting in lower spending by exploration and production companies. For the year endedDecember 31, 2016,2019, our Drilling & SubseaDownhole segment, Completions segment, and Production & Infrastructure segment comprised 38.5%35.0%, 21.7%31.4% and 39.8%33.6% of our total revenue, respectively, compared to 45.3%31.4%, 24.9%34.6% and 29.8%34.0%, respectively, for the year ended December 31, 2015.2018. The changes in revenue changes by operating segment consisted of the following:
Drilling & SubseaDownhole segment — Revenue decreased $259.4was $334.8 million or 53.2%, to $227.9 million duringfor the year ended December 31, 20162019, an increase of $0.8 million, or 0.2%, compared to the year ended December 31, 2015 as2018. This increase was driven by a result$10.3 million increase in revenue for our Subsea product line, primarily due to higher sales of decreased oilnon-oil and natural gas drillingcapital equipment and well completions activity, both onshore and offshore, and pricing pressure. The U.S. average rig count decreased 48% compared to the prior year period resultingan $11.1 million increase in decreased sales of our drilling equipment products. We also recognized lower revenue compared to the prior year period on our subsea products as demand for our remotely operated vehicles and associated systems and other offshore products decreased substantiallyDownhole product line due to reduced investmentcontinued sales volume growth for our artificial lift products, including the revenue contribution from ESPCT which was acquired in offshore projects globally.the third quarter of 2018. These increases were mostly offset by a $20.6 million decrease in revenue for our Drilling product line on lower sales volumes of consumable products due to lower U.S. rig activity.
Completions segment — Revenue decreased $139.8was $305.1 million or 52.3%, to $127.4 million duringfor the year ended December 31, 20162019, a decrease of $68.0 million, or 18.2%, compared to the year ended December 31, 2015. The2018. This decrease includes a $66.7 million decrease in revenue wasfor our Stimulation and Intervention product line attributable to lower well completions activity globally, including in North America, and pricing pressure, leading to lower revenue fromcapital spending by our casing and cementing equipment, products sold to pressure pumping service providers and pressure control equipment.customers, partially offset by a full year of revenue contribution from GHT, which was acquired in the fourth quarter of 2018. The remaining decline was driven by a $1.3 million decrease in sales volumes for our Coiled Tubing product line primarily attributable to lower U.S. completions activity, partially offset by higher sales into international markets.
Production & Infrastructure segment - Revenue decreased $86.7was $321.0 million or 27.1%, to $233.8 million duringfor the year ended December 31, 20162019, a decrease of $40.4 million, or 11.2%, compared to the year ended December 31, 2015. The2018. This decrease in revenue was primarily attributable todriven by a decrease$21.9 million decline in explorationsales volumes of our valve products, particularly sales into the North America midstream oil and production budgets, which led to pricing pressure andnatural gas market. Revenue for our Production Equipment product line decreased by $18.5 million as a result of lower sales volumes of our surface production equipment and,due to a lesser extent,decline in well completions activity and lower sales ofproject activity with our valves to the upstream sector. The demanddownstream customers for our midstream and downstream valves has continued to be more resilient than some of our other product lines.process oil treatment equipment.
Segment operating income (loss)loss and segment operating margin percentage
Segment operating income (loss)loss for the year ended December 31, 2016 decreased $138.02019 improved $23.3 million to a loss of $125.4$7.2 million compared tofrom a loss of $30.5 million for the year ended December 31, 2015.2018. The operating margin percentage decreasedimproved to (21.3)(0.8)% for the year ended December 31, 20162019 from 1.2%(2.9)% for the year ended December 31, 2015. The 2016 results include total charges of $38.3 million related to several facility consolidations and closures, inventory write-downs across all product lines attributable to expected continuing lower activity levels, and severance paid to employees under our policy for reductions in force. In 2015, similar charges totaled $63.7 million.2018. The segment operating margin percentage is calculated by dividing segment operating income (loss) by revenue. Forrevenue for the year ended December 31, 2016, the adjusted segmentperiod. The change in operating margin percentage excluding charges, decreased to (14.8)% from the 7.1% adjustedfor each segment is explained as follows:
Drilling & Downhole segment — The operating margin percentage for this segment was 2.2% for the year ended December 31, 2015. We believe that adjusted operating margins excluding the costs described above are useful for assessing operating performance, especially when comparing periods. The change in adjusted operating margin percentage for each segment, excluding charges, is explained as follows:
Drilling & Subsea segment — The operating margin percentage decreased2019 compared to (23.5)(10.0)% for the year ended December 31, 20162018. The improvement in operating margins is attributable to increased operating leverage on higher revenues for our Downhole and Subsea product lines. In addition, operating margins improved from 1.4%a reduction in selling, general and administrative expenses including lower employee related costs as a result of cost reduction actions, an $8.3 million reduction in amortization expense following intangible asset impairments recognized in the fourth quarter of 2018 and a $9.1 million reduction in inventory write downs in 2019 compared to 2018.
Completions segment — The operating margin percentage declined to 2.2% for the year ended December 31, 2015. The year ended December 31, 2016 and 2015 included $12.6 million and $32.1 million, respectively, of inventory write-downs due2019 compared to lower activity levels and reduced pricing of our products, and severance and facility closure costs incurred to further reduce our cost structure in line with current activity levels. Excluding these charges, the adjusted operating margin percentage decreased to (18.0)%,8.6% for the year ended December 31, 2016, from 8.0%2018. This decline is due to decreased operating leverage on lower sales volumes of our well stimulation products and incremental selling, general and administrative expenses following the fourth quarter 2018 acquisition of GHT. These declines were partially offset by a $9.5 million reduction in inventory write downs recognized in 2019 compared to 2018.
Production segment — The operating margin percentage was 2.4% for the year ended December 31, 2015. The main driver for this decrease in operating margin percentage is the lower activity levels, which have caused a loss of manufacturing scale efficiencies and more intense competition for fewer sales opportunities reducing our prices.
Completions segment — The operating margin percentage decreased2019 compared to (35.4)%1.7% for the year ended December 31, 2016 from 4.2% for the year ended December 31, 2015. The year ended December 31, 2016 and 2015 included $21.2 million and $25.2 million, respectively, of inventory write-downs attributable to lower activity levels and reduced pricing of our products, and facility closure costs incurred to reduce our cost structure in line with current market activity levels. Excluding these charges, the adjusted2018. Segment operating margin percentage decreased to (18.8)%, for the year ended December 31, 2016, from 13.6% for the year ended December 31, 2015. The decrease in operating margin percentage ismargins improved due to reduceda $7.6 million reduction in inventory write downs in 2019 compared to 2018 and lower selling, general and administrative expenses, primarily lower employee related costs as a result of cost reduction actions. These cost reductions were mostly offset by decreased operating leverage on lower sales volumes of our valves products and pricing pressure especially on consumable flow equipment sold to pressure pumping service companies. Also impacting margins were lower earningsincremental cost from our investment in Global Tubing.steel tariffs.

40

Table of Contents


Production & Infrastructure segment — The operating margin percentage decreased to 0.3% for the year ended December 31, 2016 from 7.1% for the year ended December 31, 2015. The year ended December 31, 2016 and 2015 included $3.9 million and $5.1 million, respectively, of costs related to facility consolidation and severance. Excluding these charges, adjusted operating margin percentage decreased to 1.9% for the year ended December 31, 2016, from 8.7% for the year ended December 31, 2015. The decrease in operating margin percentage was attributable to reduced operating leverage on lower volumes, and pricing pressure on our surface production equipment on lower activity levels. The operating margins for our valve products have been more resilient as demand for midstream and downstream valves remains steady.
Corporate — Selling, general and administrative expenses for Corporate decreased $0.6$6.2 million, or 2.3%17.5%, for the year ended December 31, 20162019 compared to the year ended December 31, 2015,2018. This decrease was primarily attributable to a $3.8 million reduction in severance costs in 2019 compared to 2018 as well as lower employee payroll costs, professional fees and facilities costs as a result of cost reduction actions. Corporate costs include, among other

40

Table of Contents


items, payroll related costs for management, administration, finance, legal, and human resources personnel; professional fees for legal, accounting and related services; and marketing costs.
Other items not included in segment operating loss
Several items are not included in segment operating loss, but are included in the total operating loss. These items include transaction expenses, impairments of goodwill, intangible assets, property and equipment, contingent consideration benefit and losses (gains) on the disposal of assets and other. Transaction expenses relate to legal and other advisory costs incurred in acquiring or disposing of businesses and are not considered to be part of segment operating loss. These costs were $1.2 million and $3.4 million for the years ended December 31, 2019 and 2018, respectively.
For the years ended December 31, 2019 and 2018, we recognized material impairments of goodwill, intangible assets, property and equipment primarily as a result of substantial declines in the quoted market prices of our common stock and significant declines in drilling and completions activity. In 2019, we recognized goodwill impairments totaling $471.0 million, intangible asset impairments totaling $53.5 million and property and equipment impairments totaling $7.9 million. In 2018, we recognized goodwill impairments totaling $298.8 million and intangible impairments totaling $64.7 million. See Note 7 Goodwill and Intangible Assets and Note 6 Property and Equipment for further information related to these charges.
The contingent consideration benefit relates to a gain of $4.6 million recognized in the first quarter of 2019 due to reducing the estimated fair value of the contingent cash liability associated with the acquisition of GHT. See Note 4 Acquisitions & Dispositions for additional information.
Other income and expense
Other income and expense includes interest expense, foreign exchange losses (gains) and other, net, gains on the disposition of businesses and a gain realized on our previously held equity investment.
We incurred $31.6 million of interest expense during the year ended December 31, 2019, a decrease of $0.9 million compared to the year ended December 31, 2018 due to a lower personnelaverage outstanding balance on our Credit Facility.
The foreign exchange losses (gains) are primarily the result of movements in the British pound, the Euro, and Canadian Dollars relative to the U.S. dollar. These movements in exchange rates create foreign exchange gains or losses when applied to monetary assets or liabilities denominated in currencies other than the location’s functional currency, primarily U.S. dollar denominated cash, trade account receivables and net intercompany receivable balances for our entities using a functional currency other than the U.S. dollar. The foreign exchange loss was $5.0 million for the year ended December 31, 2019 compared to a gain of $6.3 million for the year ended December 31, 2018.
In the first quarter of 2018, we recognized a gain of $33.5 million as a result of the deconsolidation of our Forum Subsea Rentals business which was contributed to Ashtead in exchange for an aggregate 40% interest in the combined business. In the third quarter of 2019, we sold our aggregate 40% interest in Ashtead and recognized a gain of $1.6 million as a result of this transaction. In the fourth quarter of 2019, we sold certain assets of our Cooper Alloy brand of valve products and recognized a gain on disposition totaling $2.3 million. See Note 4 Acquisitions & Dispositions for further information related to these transactions.
Taxes
The effective tax rate, calculated by dividing total tax benefit by loss before income taxes, was (0.3)% and (4.0)% for the years ended December 31, 2019 and 2018 respectively. The tax rate for 2019 is different than 2018 primarily due to higher goodwill impairments, increases in our valuation allowance related to our deferred tax assets and a non-recurring benefit of the tax effects of tax reform recorded in 2018. We recorded a tax benefit of $1.8 million for the year ended December 31, 2019, compared to a tax benefit of $15.7 million for the year ended December 31, 2018. Items impacting the effective tax rate for the year ended December 31, 2019 include an increase in our valuation allowance of $98.9 million to write down our deferred tax assets in the U.S., U.K., Germany, Singapore and Saudi Arabia primarily due to operating losses incurred where the recording of a tax benefit is not available and $27.2 million of tax expense related to the impairment of non-tax deductible goodwill. Items impacting the effective tax rate for the year ended December 31, 2018 include $46.1 million of tax expense associated with the impairment of non-tax deductible goodwill for our Drilling and Downhole reporting units, $50.0 million of tax expense for a partial valuation allowance in the U.S. and full valuation allowances in the U.K., Germany and Singapore, and $15.6 million of tax benefit from adjusting the provisional impact of U.S. tax reform. See Note 10 Income Taxes for additional information on the impact of U.S. Tax Reform.

41

Table of Contents


Year ended December 31, 2018 compared to year ended December 31, 2017
 Year ended December 31, Change
 2018 2017 $ %
(in thousands of dollars, except per share information)       
Revenue:       
Drilling & Downhole$334,019
 $310,523
 $23,496
 7.6 %
Completions373,107
 184,182
 188,925
 102.6 %
Production361,407
 327,287
 34,120
 10.4 %
Eliminations(4,314) (3,372) (942) *
Total revenue$1,064,219
 $818,620
 245,599
 30.0 %
Cost of sales:       
Drilling & Downhole$256,208
 $241,263
 $14,945
 6.2 %
Completions272,280
 140,118
 132,162
 94.3 %
Production283,673
 251,823
 31,850
 12.6 %
Eliminations(4,314) (3,372) (942) *
Total cost of sales$807,847
 $629,832
 $178,015
 28.3 %
Gross profit:       
Drilling & Downhole$77,811
 $69,260
 $8,551
 12.3 %
Completions100,827
 44,064
 56,763
 128.8 %
Production77,734
 75,464
 2,270
 3.0 %
Total gross profit$256,372
 $188,788
 $67,584
 35.8 %
Selling, general and administrative expenses:       
Drilling & Downhole$111,286
 $116,366
 $(5,080) (4.4)%
Completions68,903
 36,267
 32,636
 90.0 %
Production71,712
 67,653
 4,059
 6.0 %
Corporate35,079
 33,427
 1,652
 4.9 %
Total selling, general and administrative expenses$286,980
 $253,713
 $33,267
 13.1 %
Segment operating income (loss):       
Drilling & Downhole$(33,335) $(47,106) $13,771
 29.2 %
Operating income margin %(10.0)% (15.2)%    
Completions31,924
 8,797
 23,127
 262.9 %
Operating income margin %8.6 % 4.8 %    
Production6,022
 7,811
 (1,789) (22.9)%
Operating income margin %1.7 % 2.4 %    
Corporate(35,079) (33,427) (1,652) (4.9)%
Total segment operating loss$(30,468) $(63,925) $33,457
 52.3 %
Operating income margin %(2.9)% (7.8)%    
Impairments of goodwill and intangible assets363,522
 69,062
 294,460
 *
Transaction expenses3,446
 6,511
 (3,065) *
Loss (gain) on disposal of assets and other(438) 2,097
 (2,535) *
Operating loss(396,998) (141,595) (255,403) (180.4)%
Interest expense32,532
 26,808
 5,724
 21.4 %
Foreign exchange losses (gains) and other, net(6,270) 7,268
 (13,538) *
Gain on contribution of subsea rentals business(33,506) 
 (33,506) *
Gain realized on previously held equity investment
 (120,392) 120,392
 *
Total other income(7,244) (86,316) 79,072
 *
Loss before income taxes(389,754) (55,279) (334,475) (605.1)%
Income tax expense (benefit)(15,674) 4,121
 (19,795) *
Net loss$(374,080) $(59,400) $(314,680) (529.8)%
        
Weighted average shares outstanding       
Basic108,771
 98,689
    
Diluted108,771
 98,689
    
Loss per share       
Basic$(3.44) $(0.60)    
Diluted$(3.44) $(0.60)    
* not meaningful       

42

Table of Contents


Revenue
Our revenue for the year ended December 31, 2018 was $1,064.2 million, an increase of $245.6 million, or 30.0%, compared to the year ended December 31, 2017. In general, the increase in revenue is due to higher market activity resulting from higher oil prices. For the year endedDecember 31, 2018, our Drilling & Downhole segment, Completions segment, and Production segment comprise 31.4%, 34.6% and 34.0% of our total revenue, respectively, compared to 37.9%, 22.1% and 40.0%, respectively, for the year ended December 31, 2017. The changes in revenue by operating segment consisted of the following:
Drilling & Downhole segment — Revenue was $334.0 million for the year ended December 31, 2018, an increase of $23.5 million, or 7.6%, compared to the year ended December 31, 2017. Revenue from sales of our Downhole products increased $29.0 million, primarily due to incremental revenue from Multilift and ESPCT which were acquired in the second quarter of 2017 and third quarter of 2018, respectively. Refer to Note 4 Acquisitions & Dispositions for additional information. Revenue from sales of our drilling products increased $9.4 million , primarily due to higher sales of capital equipment to international markets in 2018. These increases were partially offset by a $14.9 million decline in revenue for our subsea product line primarily due to the contribution of our subsea rentals business to Ashtead in exchange for a 40% interest in the combined business.
Completions segment — Revenue was $373.1 million for the year ended December 31, 2018, an increase of $188.9 million, or 102.6%, compared to the year ended December 31, 2017. This change includes a $108.8 million increase in revenue from Global Tubing which was acquired and fully consolidated in our financial statements beginning in the fourth quarter of 2017. The remaining increase was driven by an $80.1 million increase in sales of our well stimulation and intervention products due to higher sales volumes of pressure pumping products attributable to higher completions spending by exploration and production companies in the U.S. market and revenue contributed by the acquisition of GHT in the fourth quarter of 2018.
Production segment — Revenue was $361.4 million for the year ended December 31, 2018, an increase of $34.1 million, or 10.4%, compared to the year ended December 31, 2017. The increase in oil and natural gas operators budgets and resulting infrastructure spending have led to increased sales of our valve products and surface production equipment. Approximately $17.3 million of the increase is due to higher sales volumes of valve products, particularly sales into the North America oil and natural gas market. The remaining $16.8 million increase is attributable to higher sales volumes of our activity-based surface production equipment to exploration and production operators.
Segment operating income (loss) and segment operating margin percentage
Segment operating loss for the year ended December 31, 2018 improved $33.5 million, to a loss of $30.5 million from a loss of $63.9 million for the year ended December 31, 2017. The operating margin percentage improved to (2.9)% for the year ended December 31, 2018 from (7.8)% for the year ended December 31, 2017. The segment operating margin percentage is calculated by dividing segment operating income (loss) by revenue for the period. The change in operating margin percentage for each segment is explained as follows:
Drilling & Downhole segment — The operating margin percentage was (10.0)% for the year ended December 31, 2018 compared to (15.2)% for the year ended December 31, 2017. The improvement in operating margin percentage is due to a more favorable sales mix and a decrease in employee related costs resulting from cost reduction actions. This improvement was partially offset by an increase in restructuring charges and lower professional fees.inventory write downs totaling approximately $18.5 million and $12.9 million for the years ended December 31, 2018 and 2017, respectively.
Completions segment — The operating margin percentage improved to 8.6% for the year ended December 31, 2018 from 4.8% for the year ended December 31, 2017. The improvement in operating margin percentage is due to increased operating leverage on higher volumes, especially on higher sales of our well stimulation and intervention products as discussed above. In addition, operating margin was positively impacted by the late 2017 acquisition of the remaining ownership interest of Global Tubing, which was previously reported as an equity method investment for the first nine months of 2017 and was fully consolidated in our financial statements beginning in the fourth quarter of 2017. The improvement in operating margins was partially offset by $12.5 million of charges to write-down inventory for the year ended December 31, 2018.
Production segment — The operating margin percentage was 1.7% for the year ended December 31, 2018compared to 2.4% for the year ended December 31, 2017. The slight decline in operating margin percentage was driven by $9.9 million of charges to write-down inventory for the year ended December 31, 2018 compared to $4.3 million for the year ended December 31, 2017.
Corporate — Selling, general and administrative expenses for Corporate increased $1.7 million, or 4.9%, for the year ended December 31, 2018 compared to the year ended December 31, 2017, primarily due to an increase in employee severance and payroll costs, partially offset by a decrease in share based compensation expense. Corporate costs

43

Table of Contents


include, among other items, payroll related costs for general management and management of finance and administration, legal, human resources and information technology,resources; professional fees for legal, accounting and related services,services; and marketing costs.costs.
Other items not included in segment operating income (loss)loss
Several items are not included in segment operating income (loss),loss, but are included in total operating income (loss).loss. These items include:include goodwill and intangible asset impairments, transaction expenses, gains/losses fromand loss (gain) on the saledisposal of assets, and impairment losses of intangible assets and goodwill.assets. Transaction expenses relate to legal and other advisory costs incurred in acquiring and disposing of businesses including fees to accomplish an internal legal entity restructuring, and are not considered to be part of segment operating income (loss)loss. These costs were $0.9$3.4 million and $0.5$6.5 million for the years ended December 31, 20162018 and 2015, respectively. In2017, respectively, with these costs primarily related to the yearacquisitions of GHT and ESPCT in 2018 and Global Tubing and Multilift in 2017.
For the years ended December 31, 2016,2018 and 2017, we recognized a net lossmaterial impairments of $2.6 million on sales ofgoodwill and intangible assets primarily includingas a gainresult of $1.7substantial declines in the quoted market prices of our common stock and significant declines in drilling and completions activity. In 2018, we recognized goodwill impairments totaling $298.8 million from the sale of a plant, a loss of $1.9and intangible impairments totaling $64.7 million. In 2017, we recognized goodwill impairments totaling $68.0 million and intangible impairments totaling $1.1 million. See Note 7 Goodwill and Intangible Assets for further information related to an operation in South Africa expected to be sold, and a loss of $2.4 million related to one of our Texas facilities sold in fourth quarter of 2016.
The 2015 impairment losses for intangible assets and goodwill were $1.9 million and $123.2 million, respectively. The intangible assets that were written off related to certain trade names that were no longer in use. Due to the further deterioration of market conditions for our products, the goodwill impairment test showed that goodwill in our subsea product line was impaired, and based on a valuation of the applicable assets we recorded a charge in the fourth quarter 2015. No impairment losses were recorded on goodwill or indefinite-lived intangible assets for the year ended December 31, 2016.    these charges.
Other income and expense
Other income and expense includes interest expense, and foreign exchange gainslosses (gains), a gain recognized on the contribution of our subsea rentals business and losses.a gain realized on the previously held equity investment in Global Tubing. We incurred $27.4$32.5 million of interest expense during the year ended December 31, 2016, a decrease2018, an increase of $2.5$5.7 million fromcompared to the year ended December 31, 2015 on lower2017 primarily due to an increase in average outstanding indebtedness and lower commitment fees on the unused portion ofborrowings under our revolving credit line. Credit Facility.
The foreign exchange gain was $21.3$6.3 million for the year ended December 31, 2016, an increase2018 compared to a loss of $12.0$7.3 million fromfor the year ended December 31, 2015, and was2017. The foreign exchange losses (gains) are primarily the result of movements in the British pound and the Euro relative to the U.S. dollar. These movements in exchange rates create foreign exchange gains or losses when applied to monetary assets or liabilities denominated in currencies other than the location’s functional currency, primarily U.S. dollar denominated cash, trade account receivables and net intercompany receivable balances for our entities using a functional currency other than the U.S. dollar.
In year ended December 31, 2016,2018, we wrote off $3.0recognized a gain of $33.5 million of deferred financing costs as a result of the amendmentsdeconsolidation of our credit facilityForum Subsea Rentals business. In 2017, we recognized a gain of $120.4 million on the previously held equity investment in Global Tubing upon acquiring the first andremaining interest in the fourth quarter of 2016 which reduced the size of our undrawn revolving credit line.2017. Refer to Note 4 Acquisitions & Dispositions for additional information
Taxes
Tax expense includes current income taxes expected to be due based on taxable income to be reported during the periods in the various jurisdictions in which we conduct business, and deferred income taxes based on changes in the tax effect of temporary differences between the bases of assets and liabilities for financial reporting and tax purposes at the beginning and end of the respective periods. The effective tax rate, calculated by dividing total tax expense (benefit) by income before income taxes, was a benefit of 40.6%(4.0)% and a benefit of 11.1%7.5% for the years ended December 31, 20162018 and 2015,2017, respectively. The tax rate for 2018 is significantly different than 2017 primarily due to higher goodwill impairments, increases in our valuation allowance related to our deferred tax assets, the reduction in the U.S. corporate income tax rate as a result of U.S. tax reform and the tax effects of tax reform recorded in 2018 as compared to those recorded in 2017. Items impacting the effective tax rate for the year ended December 31, 2016 is significantly different than2018 include $46.1 million of tax expense associated with the comparable period in 2015 primarily due to net operating losses incurred in the United States offset by earnings generated outside the United States in jurisdictions subject to lower tax rates. In addition, the majorityimpairment of thenon-tax deductible goodwill impairment loss in 2015 was not tax deductible. The effective tax rate can vary from period to period depending on our relative mix of U.S. and non-U.S. earnings. Excluding the goodwill and intangible asset impairment and the charges discussed above in the segment operating margin discussion, our effective tax rate would have been approximately 22% for the year ended December 31, 2015.



41

Table of Contents



Year ended December 31, 2015 compared to year ended December 31, 2014
 Year ended December 31, Favorable / (Unfavorable)
 2015 2014 $ %
(in thousands of dollars, except per share information)       
Revenue:       
Drilling & Subsea$487,299
 $864,320
 $(377,021) (43.6)%
Completions267,236
 441,345
 (174,109) (39.4)%
Production & Infrastructure320,442
 436,271
 (115,829) (26.5)%
Eliminations(1,325) (2,219) 894
 *
Total revenue$1,073,652
 $1,739,717
 (666,065) (38.3)%
Cost of sales:       
Drilling & Subsea$359,004
 $580,195
 $221,191
 38.1 %
Completions212,238
 279,961
 67,723
 24.2 %
Production & Infrastructure241,058
 322,328
 81,270
 25.2 %
Eliminations(1,325) (2,219) (894) *
Total cost of sales$810,975
 $1,180,265
 $369,290
 31.3 %
Gross profit:       
Drilling & Subsea$128,295
 $284,125
 $(155,830) (54.8)%
Completions54,998
 161,384
 (106,386) (65.9)%
Production & Infrastructure79,384
 113,943
 (34,559) (30.3)%
Total gross profit$262,677
 $559,452
 $(296,775) (53.0)%
Selling, general and administrative expenses:       
Drilling & Subsea$121,405
 $153,052
 $31,647
 20.7 %
Completions58,698
 59,959
 1,261
 2.1 %
Production & Infrastructure56,726
 57,795
 1,069
 1.8 %
Corporate28,077
 42,015
 13,938
 33.2 %
Total selling, general and administrative expenses$264,906
 $312,821
 $47,915
 15.3 %
Operating income:       
Drilling & Subsea$6,890
 $131,072
 $(124,182) (94.7)%
Operating income margin %1.4% 15.2%    
Completions11,124
 126,590
 (115,466) (91.2)%
Operating income margin %4.2% 28.7%    
Production & Infrastructure22,658
 56,148
 (33,490) (59.6)%
Operating income margin %7.1% 12.9%    
Corporate(28,077) (42,015) 13,938
 33.2 %
Total segment operating income$12,595
 $271,795
 (259,200) (95.4)%
Operating income margin %1.2% 15.6%    
Goodwill and Intangible asset impairment125,092
 
 (125,092) *
Transaction expenses480
 2,326
 1,846
 *
Loss on sale of assets746
 1,431
 685
 *
Income (loss) from operations(113,723) 268,038
 (381,761) (142.4)%
Interest expense, net29,945
 29,847
 (98) (0.3)%
Other, net(9,345) (4,331) 5,014
 *
Other (income) expense, net20,600
 25,516
 4,916
 19.3 %
Income (loss) before income taxes(134,323) 242,522
 (376,845) (155.4)%
Income tax expense (benefit)(14,939) 68,145
 83,084
 121.9 %
Net income (loss)(119,384) 174,377
 (293,761) (168.5)%
Less: Income (loss) attributable to non-controlling interest(31) 12
 (43) *
Income (loss) attributable to common stockholders$(119,353) $174,365
 $(293,718) (168.5)%
        
Weighted average shares outstanding       
Basic89,908
 92,628
    
Diluted89,908
 95,308
    
Earnings (loss) per share       
Basic$(1.33) $1.88
    
Diluted$(1.33) $1.83
    
* not meaningful       

42

Table of Contents


Revenue
Our revenue for the year ended December 31, 2015 decreased $666.1 million, or 38.3%, to $1,073.7 million compared to the year ended December 31, 2014. For the year endedDecember 31, 2015, our Drilling & Subsea segment, Completions segment, and Production & Infrastructure segment comprised 45.3%, 24.9%% and 29.8%Downhole reporting units, $50.0 million of our total revenue, respectively, compared to 49.6%, 25.3% and 25.1%, respectively,tax expense for the year ended December 31, 2014. The revenue changes by operating segment consisted of the following:
Drilling & Subsea segment — Revenue decreased $377.0 million, or 43.6%, to $487.3 million during the year ended December 31, 2015 compared to the year ended December 31, 2014. The decrease is primarily attributable to decreased oil and natural gas drilling activity in North America and, to a lesser extent lower international activity. The U.S. average rig count decreased 48% compared to the prior year period, and the number of rigs workingpartial valuation allowance in the U.S. was down 62% from the beginning to the end of the year, resulting in decreased sales of our drilling equipment. We also recognized lower revenue compared to the prior year period on our subsea products , such as ROVs, as investment in offshore oil and natural gas projects declined.
Completions segment — Revenue decreased $174.1 million, or 39.4%, to $267.2 million during the year ended December 31, 2015 compared to the year ended December 31, 2014. The decrease is primarily attributable to decreased oil and natural gas drilling and well completions activity in North America, resulting in decreased sales of our completions products. The decrease in revenue was also due to lower sales of our consumable flow equipment products to pressure pumping service providers, offset by the addition of J-Mac sales from the first quarter 2015 acquisition.
Production & Infrastructure segment — Revenue decreased $115.8 million, or 26.5%, to $320.4 million during the year ended December 31, 2015 compared to the year ended December 31, 2014. The decrease in revenue was due to lower sales of our surface production equipment to exploration and production operators. Our customers, exploration and production operators, completed fewer wellsa full valuation allowance in the current year resulting in lower spending with their suppliers, including us. UnlikeU.K., Germany and Singapore writing down our other product lines, Valve Solutions derives a significant portiondeferred tax assets to what is more likely than not realizable, and $15.6 million of its revenuetax benefit from adjusting the midstream, downstream and processing sectors, which have not suffered the same decline in activity experienced as the upstream sector. Revenue for the product line decreased, primarily due to reduced sales in the upstream sector including the slower Canadian market activity, and fewer large project orders in the downstream sector. However, the decrease was less than that experienced by our other product lines.provisional impact of U.S. tax reform.
Segment operating income and segment operating margin percentage
Segment operating income for the year ended December 31, 2015 decreased $259.2 million, or 95.4%, to $12.6 million compared to the year ended December 31, 2014. The 2015 results include total charges of $63.7 million related to several facility consolidations and closures, inventory write-downs across all product lines attributable to expected continuing lower activity levels, and severance paid to employees under our policy for reductions in force. In 2014, similar charges totaled $3.8 million. The segment operating margin percentage is calculated by dividing segment operating income by revenue. For the year ended December 31, 2015, the adjusted segment operating margin percentage, excluding charges, decreased to 7.1% from 15.8% adjusted operating margin percentage for the year ended December 31, 2014. We believe that adjusted operating margins excluding the costs described above are useful for assessing operating performance, especially when comparing periods. The change in adjusted operating margin percentage for each segment, excluding charges, is explained as follows:
Drilling & Subsea segment — The operating margin percentage decreased to 1.4% for the year ended December 31, 2015 from 15.2% for the year ended December 31, 2014. The charges described above that were excluded from this segment’s adjusted operating margin for 2015 and 2014, respectively, were approximately $32.1 million and $1.6 million. Excluding these charges, the adjusted operating margin percentage decreased to 8.0%, for the year ended December 31, 2015, from 15.3% for the year ended December 31, 2014. The primary reasons for the decrease in adjusted operating margin percentage are lower activity levels, causing a loss of manufacturing scale efficiencies, and more intense competition for fewer sales opportunities which reduces prices charged to the customer.
Completions segment — The operating margin percentage decreased to 4.2% for the year ended December 31, 2015 from 28.7% for the year ended December 31, 2014. The charges described above that were excluded from this segment’s adjusted operating margin for 2015 and 2014 were approximately $25.2 million and $0.1 million, respectively. Excluding these charges, the adjusted operating margin percentage decreased to 13.6%, for the year ended December 31, 2015, from 28.7% for the year ended December 31, 2014. The overall decrease in operating margin percentage is due to reduced operating leverage on lower volumes and pricing pressure especially on consumable flow equipment sold to pressure pumping service companies. Also impacting margins were lower earnings from our investment in Global Tubing.


4344

Table of Contents



Production & Infrastructure segment — Operating margin percentage decreased to 7.1% for the year ended December 31, 2015, from 12.9% for the year ended December 31, 2014. The charges described above that were excluded from this segment’s adjusted operating margin for 2015 and 2014, respectively, were approximately $5.1 million and $0.4 million. Excluding these charges, adjusted operating margin percentage decreased to 8.7% for the year ended December 31, 2015, from 13.0% for the year ended December 31, 2014. The decrease in adjusted operating margin percentage was attributable to higher competition for fewer sales on lower activity levels, and reduced operating leverage on lower volumes.
Corporate — Selling, general and administrative expenses for Corporate decreased $13.9 million, or 33.2%, for the year ended December 31, 2015 compared to the year ended December 31, 2014 due to lower personnel costs, including reduced bonus accruals, and lower professional fees. Corporate costs include, among other items, payroll related costs for general management and management of finance and administration, legal, human resources and information technology; professional fees for legal, accounting and related services; and marketing costs.
Other items not included in segment operating income
Several items are not included in segment operating income, but are included in total operating income (loss). These items include: transaction expenses, gains/losses from the sale of assets, and impairment losses of intangible assets and goodwill. Transaction expenses relate to legal and other advisory costs incurred in acquiring businesses, including fees to accomplish an internal legal entity restructuring, and are not considered to be part of segment operating income. These costs were $0.5 million and $2.3 million for the years ended December 31, 2015 and 2014, respectively. In the year ended December 31, 2015, we recognized a net loss of $0.7 million on sales of assets, primarily related to plant consolidations.
The 2015 impairment losses for intangible assets and goodwill were $1.9 million and $123.2 million, respectively. The intangible assets that were written off related to certain trade names that were no longer in use. Due to the further deterioration of market conditions for our products, the goodwill impairment test showed that goodwill in our subsea product line was impaired, and based on a valuation of the applicable assets we recorded a charge in the fourth quarter 2015. No impairment losses were recorded on goodwill or indefinite-lived intangible assets for the year ended December 31, 2014.    
Other income and expense
Other income and expense includes interest expense, and foreign exchange gains and losses. We incurred $29.9 million of interest expense during the year ended December 31, 2015, a increase of $0.1 million from the year ended December 31, 2014. The change in foreign exchange gains or losses is primarily the result of movements in the British pound and the Euro relative to the U.S. dollar.
Taxes
Tax expense includes current income taxes expected to be due based on taxable income to be reported during the periods in the various jurisdictions in which we conduct business, and deferred income taxes based on changes in the tax effect of temporary differences between the bases of assets and liabilities for financial reporting and tax purposes at the beginning and end of the respective periods. The effective tax rate, calculated by dividing total tax expense by income before income taxes, was a benefit of 11.1% and a provision of 28.1% for the years ended December 31, 2015 and 2014, respectively. The effective tax rate for the year ended December 31, 2015 is significantly different than the comparable period in 2014 primarily due to a higher proportion of our earnings being generated outside the United States in jurisdictions subject to lower tax rates and because the majority of the goodwill impairment loss was not tax deductible. The effective tax rate can vary from period to period depending on our relative mix of U.S. and non-U.S. earnings. Excluding the goodwill and intangible asset impairment and the charges discussed above in the segment operating margin discussion, our effective tax rate would have been approximately 22% for the year ended December 31, 2015.


Liquidity and capital resources
Sources and uses of liquidity
Our internal sources of liquidity are cash on hand and cash flows from operations, while our primary external sources have included our credit facility described below,include trade credit and the issuance of our senior notesCredit Facility and Senior Notes described below. Our primary uses of capital have been for acquisitions,inventories, sales on credit to our customers and ongoing maintenance and growth capital expenditures,

44

Table of Contents


inventories and sales on credit to our customers.expenditures. We continually monitor potential capital sources, including equity and debt financing, to meet our investment and target liquidity requirements. Our future success and growth will be highly dependent on our ability to continue togenerating positive operating cash flow and access outside sources of capital. Based on existing market conditions and our expected liquidity needs, among other factors, we may use a portion of our cash flows from operations, proceeds from divestitures, securities offerings or borrowings to reduce debt prior to scheduled maturities, and may seek opportunities to refinance all or a portion of our senior secured notes.
At December 31, 2016,2019, we had cash and cash equivalents of $234.4$57.9 million, availability under our Credit Facility of $229.1 million and total debt of $396.9$399.6 million. We believe that cash on handCapital expenditures for 2019 totaled $15.1 million and cash generated from operations will be sufficient to fund operations, working capital needs, capital expenditure requirements and financing obligations for the foreseeable future. We intend to elect to carry back our 2016 U.S. net operating loss to recover taxes paid in earlier periods, and we expect to receive a tax refund of approximately $33 million in the third quarter 2017.
Our total 2017 capital expenditure budget is approximately $30.0 million, which consistsconsist of, among other items, investments in maintaining certain manufacturing facilities, replacing end of life machinery and equipment, maintaining our rental fleet of subsea equipment,and continuing the implementation of our enterprise resource planning solution globally, and general capital expenditures. This budget does not include expenditures for potential business acquisitions.
The amount of capital expenditures incurred in 2016 was $16.8 million. These expenditures were paid for from internally generated funds.globally. We believe that cash flowson hand, cash generated from operations shouldand availability under our Credit Facility will be sufficient to fund ouroperations, working capital needs, and capital expenditure requirements for 2017.the foreseeable future.
AlthoughIn 2018 we do not budget for acquisitions, pursuing growth through acquisitions is a significant part of our business strategy. We expanded and diversified our product portfolio with the acquisition of one business in the second quarter 2016two businesses for total consideration of $3.0 million, one business$65.3 million. In 2019, we sold our aggregate 40% interest in the first quarter 2015 for total consideration (netAshtead and we sold certain assets of cash acquired)our Cooper Alloy brand of $61.9 million, and one business in the second quarter 2014 for total consideration (net of cash acquired) of $38.3 million. Subsequent to December 31, 2016, we acquired one businessvalve products for total consideration of $14.5$51.7 million. We used cash on hand and borrowings under our credit facility to finance these acquisitions.did not complete any acquisitions in 2019. For additional information, see Note 4 Acquisitions & Dispositions. We continue to actively review acquisition opportunities on an ongoing basis, and we may fundpursue acquisitions in the future, acquisitionswhich may be funded with cash and/or equity. Our ability to make significant additional acquisitions for cash may require us to obtainpursue additional equity or debt financing, which we may not be able to obtain on terms acceptable to us or at all.
In October 2014, our Board of Directors approved a share repurchase program for the repurchase of outstanding shares of our common stock with an aggregate purchase price of up to $150 million. We have purchased approximately 4.5 million shares of stock under this program for aggregate consideration of approximately $100.2 million. Remaining authorization under this program is $49.8 million. However, our credit facility prohibits us from repurchasing shares.
Our cash flows for the yearsyears ended December 31, 2016, 20152019, 2018 and 20142017 are presented below (in millions):
  Year ended December 31,
 2016 2015 2014
Net cash provided by operating activities$64.7
 $155.9
 $270.0
Net cash used in investing activities(11.1) (91.3) (70.7)
Net cash provided by (used in) financing activities86.2
 (26.9) (162.0)
Net increase in cash and cash equivalents125.2
 32.7
 37.0
Free cash flow, before acquisitions$57.7
 $125.4
 $218.9
Free cash flow, a non-GAAP financial measure, is defined as net cash provided by operating activities, less capital expenditures for property and equipment net of proceeds from sale of property and equipment and other, plus the payment of contingent consideration included in operating activities. Management believes free cash flow is an important measure because it encompasses both profitability and capital management in evaluating results. Free cash flow should not be considered an alternative to net cash provided by operating activities as a cash flow measurement. A reconciliation of cash flow from operating activities to free cash flow, before acquisitions, is as follows (in millions)thousands):
  Year ended December 31,
 2016 2015 2014
Cash flow from operating activities$64.7
 $155.9
 $270.0
Capital expenditures for property and equipment(16.8) (32.3) (53.8)
Proceeds from sale of property and equipment9.8
 1.8
 2.7
Free cash flow, before acquisitions$57.7
 $125.4
 $218.9
  Year ended December 31,
 2019 2018 2017
Net cash provided by (used in) operating activities$104,144
 $2,407
 $(40,033)
Net cash provided by (used in) investing activities28,135
 (75,407) (187,968)
Net cash provided by (used in) financing activities(122,191) 6,522
 100,563
Effect of exchange rate changes on cash582
 (1,497) 8,232
Net increase (decrease) in cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash$10,670
 $(67,975) $(119,206)

45

Table of Contents


Cash flowsNet cash provided by (used in) operating activities
2019 vs. 2018.Net cash provided by operating activities was $64.7$104.1 million and $155.9 million for the years ended December 31, 2016 and 2015, respectively. Cash provided by operations decreased primarily as a result of the change in earnings, slightly offset by the positive cash flow resulting from changes in working capital, such as inventory, compared to the year ended December 31, 2015.2019 compared to $2.4 million for the year ended December 31, 2018. This improvement is primarily attributable to changes in working capital which provided cash of $63.5 million for the year ended December 31, 2019 compared to a $75.3 million use of cash in 2018.
2018 vs. 2017.Net cash provided by operating activities was $155.9$2.4 million and $270.0 million for the years ended December 31, 2015and2014, respectively. Cash provided by operations decreased primarily as a result of lower earnings, offset by the positive cash flow resulting from changes in working capital, such as accounts receivable, compared to the year ended December 31, 2014.2018 compared to $40.0 million of net cash used in operating activities for the year ended December 31, 2017. Due to improved operating results, net income adjusted for non-cash items provided $77.7 million of cash for the year ended December 31, 2018 as compared to $1.7 million of cash used for the same period in 2017. However, higher investments in working capital used $75.3 million of cash for the year ended December 31, 2018 compared to $38.4 million for the same period in 2017. The increase in working capital in 2018 was primarily due to increases in inventory.
Our operating cash flows are sensitive to a number of variables, the most significant of which is the level of drilling and production activity for oil and natural gas reserves. These activity levels are in turn impacted by the volatility of oil and natural gas prices, regional and worldwide economic activity, and its effect on demand for hydrocarbons, weather, infrastructure capacity to reach markets and other variablevarious factors. These factors are beyond our control and are difficult to predict.
Cash flows
45

Table of Contents


Net cash provided by (used in) investing activities
2019 vs. 2018. Net cash provided by investing activities was $28.1 million for the year ended December 31, 2019 compared to $75.4 million of net cash used in investing activities for the year ended December 31, 2018. Net cash provided by investing activities for the year ended December 31, 2019 includes $43.2 million in cash proceeds from the sale of equity investment, business, property and equipment partially offset by $15.1 million of capital expenditures for property and equipment. In comparison, net cash used in investing activities for the year ended December 31, 2018 included $60.6 million for the acquisition of two businesses and $24.0 million of capital expenditures for property and equipment, partially offset by $9.3 million of proceeds from the sale of businesses, property and equipment.
2018 vs. 2017. Net cash used in investing activities was $11.1$75.4 million and $91.3 million for the years ended December 31, 2016 and 2015, respectively, a $80.2 million decrease. The decrease was primarily due to consideration of $4.1 million paid primarily for an acquisition during the year ended December 31, 2016 compared to consideration of $60.8 million paid for an acquisition during the year ended December 31, 2015. A lower investment in property and equipment of $16.8 million was made during the year ended December 31, 2016 compared to an investment of $32.3 million during the year ended December 31, 2015. The proceeds from the sale of business and properties was $9.8 million during the year ended December 31, 2016, compared to $1.8 million during the year ended December 31, 2015.
Net cash used in investing activities was $91.3 million and $70.7$188.0 million for the years ended December 31, 20152018 and 2014, respectively, a $20.6 million increase.2017, respectively. The increasedecrease was primarily due to $60.6 million of cash consideration (net of $60.8cash acquired) paid for two acquisitions in 2018 compared $162.2 million paid for an acquisition duringthree acquisitions in 2017. Capital expenditures were $24.0 million and $26.7 million for the years ended December 31, 2018 and 2017, respectively.
Net cash provided by (used in) financing activities
2019 vs. 2018. Net cash used in financing activities was $122.2 million for the year ended December 31, 20152019 compared to consideration$6.5 million of $38.3 million paidnet cash provided by financing activities for an acquisition during the year ended December 31, 2014. A lower investment2018. This change is primarily related to net repayments of debt totaling $119.9 million in property and equipment of $32.3 million was made during the year ended December 31, 2015 compared to an investment of $53.8 million during the year ended December 31, 2014. The proceeds from the sale of business and properties was $1.8 million during the year ended December 31, 2015, compared to $12.2 million during the year ended December 31, 2014. In addition, there was no return of investment in our unconsolidated subsidiary during the year ended December 31, 2015, compared to $9.2 million during the year ended December 31, 2014.2019.
Other than capital required for acquisitions, we expect to fund all maintenance and other growth capital expenditures from our current cash on hand, and from internally generated funds.
Cash flows provided by (used in) financing activities
2018 vs. 2017. Net cash provided by financing activities was $86.2$6.5 million and $100.6 million for the yearyears ended December 31, 20162018 and was2017, respectively. The decrease primarily dueresulted from net borrowings on our Credit Facility of $10.2 million in 2018 compared to the equity offering proceeds of $85.5$107.4 million for the years ended December 31, 2016.
Net cash used in financing activities was $26.9 million for the year ended December 31, 2015 and was primarily due to the net pay down of debt of $25.8 million.
Net cash used in financing activities was $162.0 million for the year ended December 31, 2014 and was primarily due to the repurchase of our stock for $96.6 million and the net pay down of long-term debt of $84.2 million .2017.
Senior Notes Due 2021
In October 2013, we issued $300.0Our Senior Notes have $400.0 million of 6.25% senior unsecured notes due 2021 at par, and in November 2013 we issued an additional $100.0 million aggregate principal amount of the notes at 103.25% of par, plus accrued interest from October 2, 2013 (the "Senior Notes"). The Senior Notesoutstanding which bear interest at a rate of 6.25% per annum, payable on April 1 and October 1 of each year, and mature on October 1, 2021. Net proceeds fromThe Senior Notes are senior unsecured obligations guaranteed on a senior unsecured basis by our subsidiaries that guarantee the issuances of approximately $394.0 million, after deducting initial purchasers' discountsCredit Facility and offering expenses and excluding accrued interest paid byrank junior to, among other indebtedness, the purchasers, were used forCredit Facility to the repaymentextent of the then-outstanding term loan balance and a portionvalue of the revolving credit facility balance.collateral securing the Credit Facility.
The terms of the Senior Notes are governed by the indenture, dated October 2, 2013 (the “Indenture”), by and among us, the guarantors named therein and Wells Fargo Bank, National Association, as trustee (the “Trustee”). The Senior Notes are senior unsecured obligations, are guaranteed on a senior unsecured basis by our subsidiaries that guarantee

46

Table of Contents


our credit facility and rank junior to, among other indebtedness, the credit facility to the extent of the value of the collateral securing the credit facility.trustee. The Senior Notes contain customary covenants including some limitations and restrictions on our ability to pay dividends on, purchase or redeem our common stockstock; redeem or purchase or redeemprepay our subordinated debt; make certain investments; incur or guarantee additional indebtedness or issue certain types of equity securities; create certain liens, sell assets, including equity interests in our restricted subsidiaries; redeem or prepay subordinated debt; restrict dividends or other payments of our restricted subsidiaries; consolidate, merge or transfer all or substantially all of our assets; engage in transactions with affiliates; and create unrestricted subsidiaries. Many of these restrictions will terminate if the Senior Notes become rated investment grade. The Indenture also contains customary events of default, including nonpayment, breach of covenants in the Indenture, payment defaults or acceleration of other indebtedness, failure to pay certain judgments and certain events of bankruptcy and insolvency. We are required to offer to repurchase the Senior Notes in connection with specified change in control events or with excess proceeds of asset sales not applied for permitted purposes.
We may redeem the Senior Notes due 2021:
beginning on October 1, 2016 at a redemption price of 104.688%100.0% of their principal amount plus accrued and unpaid interest andinterest. For additional interest, if any; then
at a redemption price of 103.125% of their principal amount plus accrued and unpaid interest and additional interest, if any, for the twelve-month period beginning October 1, 2017; then
at a redemption price of 101.563% of their principal amount plus accrued and unpaid interest and additional interest, if any, for the twelve-month period beginning October 1, 2018; and then
at a redemption price of 100.000% of their principal amount plus accrued interest and unpaid interest and additional interest, if any, beginning on October 1, 2019.information, refer to Note 8 Debt.
Credit Facility
On February 25, 2016, we amended our credit facility with Wells Fargo Bank, National Association, as administrative agent, and several financial institutions as lenders (the “Credit Facility”) to reduce lender commitments to $200.0 million. On December 12, 2016, we further amended theOur Credit Facility (such further amendment, the “Amended Credit Facility”), to, among other things, reduceprovides revolving credit line commitments from $200.0 million to $140.0of $300.0 million, including the previously existing sublimits for up to $25.0$30.0 million available to certain Canadian subsidiaries of the Company for loans in United States or Canadian dollars, $45.0 million available for letters of credit issued for the account of the Company and up to $10.0certain of its domestic subsidiaries and $3.0 million in swingline loans. As of December 31, 2016, we had no borrowings outstanding under our Amended Credit Facility, $17.0 million of outstandingavailable for letters of credit andissued for the capacity to borrow an additional $103.7 millionaccount of Canadian subsidiaries of the Company. Lender commitments under the Amended Credit Facility. Our Amended Credit Facility, matures in November 2018 and, subject to certain limitations, lender commitments may be increased by an additional $150.0$100.0 million. Our borrowing capacityThe Credit Facility matures in July 2021, but if our outstanding Senior Notes due October 2021 are refinanced or replaced with indebtedness maturing in or after February 2023, the final maturity of the Credit Facility will automatically extend to October 2022.
Availability under the Amended Credit Facility could be reduced or eliminated, depending on our future EBITDA. Weighted average interest rates under the Amended Credit Facility for the twelve months ended December 31, 2016 and 2015 were approximately 3.00% and 2.00%, respectively. Availability is subject to a borrowing base calculated by reference to eligible accounts receivable in the United States, United KingdomCanada and Canada,certain other jurisdictions (subject to a cap) and eligible inventory in the United States and cash on hand.
The AmendedCanada. Our borrowing capacity under the Credit Facility contains various covenants that, among other things, limitcould be reduced or eliminated, depending on future fluctuations in our ability to incur additional indebtedness, grant certain liens, make certain loansreceivables and investments, make distributions, enter into mergers or acquisitions unless certain conditions are satisfied, enter into hedging transactions, changeinventory. As of December 31, 2019, our linestotal borrowing base was $253.0 million,

46

Table of business, prepay certain indebtedness, enter into certain affiliate transactions or engage in certain asset dispositions. The Amended Credit Facility also limits our ability to incur additional indebtedness with certain exceptions, including the ability to incur up to $150.0Contents


of which zero was drawn and $23.9 million was used for security of additional unsecured debt, $10.0 million of capital leases, $30.0 million of foreign overdraft lines, $10.0 million ofoutstanding letters of credit, outsideresulting in remaining availability of $229.1 million.
If excess availability under the facility,Credit Facility falls below the greater of 10.0% of the borrowing base and $50.0$20.0 million, of other debt.
The Amended Credit Facility’s financial covenants, among other things, require us, on a consolidated basis,we will be required to maintain specified financial ratios or conditions. We were in compliance with all financial covenants under the Amended Credit Facility at December 31, 2016. We anticipate that we will continue to be in compliance with the Amended Credit Facility for the next twelve months. The Amended Credit Facility’s financial covenants are summarized as follows:
Senior secured debt to adjusted EBITDA of not more than 4.50 to 1.0 for each fiscal quarter through December 31, 2017 and not more than 3.50 to 1.0 for each fiscal quarter ending thereafter through the termination of the Amended Credit Facility. For purposes of calculation of senior secured debt to adjusted EBITDA, the Amended Credit Facility provides for netting of certain cash and cash equivalents against senior secured debt for each fiscal quarter through December 31, 2017; and

47

Table of Contents


Aa fixed charge coverage ratio of not less than 1.25 to 1.0. This ratio is measuredat least 1.00:1.00 as EBITDA minus maintenance capital expenditures minus taxes paid in cash divided by scheduled principal and interest payments. The fixed charge coverage ratio is tested only if availability under the Amended Credit Facility falls below certain levels.
Under the Amended Credit Facility, EBITDA is defined to generally exclude the effect of non-cash items, and to give pro forma effect to acquisitions and non-ordinary course asset sales (with adjustments to EBITDA of the acquired businesses or related to the sold assets to be made in accordance with the guidelines for pro forma presentations set forth by the SEC or in a manner otherwise reasonably acceptable to the Administrative Agent under the Amended Credit Facility). The EBITDA of Global Tubing is excluded until such time as it is distributed as cash to the Company.
We have the ability to elect the interest rate applicable to borrowings under the Amended Credit Facility. Interest under the Amended Credit Facility may be determined by reference to (1) the London interbank offered rate, or LIBOR, plus an applicable margin which ranges from 3.0% to 4.0% per annum or (2) the Adjusted Base Rate plus an applicable margin which ranges from 0.00% to 1.50% per annum, in each case with the applicable margin depending upon availability under the Amended Credit Facility. The Adjusted Base Rate is equal to the highest of (1) the Federal Funds Rate, as published by the Federal Reserve Bank of New York, plus one half of 1.0%, (2) the prime rate of Wells Fargo Bank, National Association, as established from time to time at its principal U.S. office and (3) daily LIBOR for an interest period of one-month plus 1.0%.
Interest is payable quarterly for base rate loans and at the end of each interest period for LIBOR loans, except that if the interest period for a LIBOR loan is longer than three months, interest is paid at the end of each three-month period.
All of the obligationsfiscal quarter until excess availability under the Amended Credit Facility are secured by first priority liens (subjectexceeds such thresholds for at least 60 consecutive days. For additional information, refer to permitted liens) on substantially all of the assets of the Company and its wholly-owned domestic restricted subsidiaries, with exceptions for real property and certain other assets. Additionally, all of the obligations under the Amended Credit Facility are guaranteed by the wholly-owned domestic restricted subsidiaries of the Company.
If an event of default exists under the Amended Credit Facility, lenders holding greater than 50% of the aggregate outstanding loans and letter of credit obligations and unfunded commitments have the right to accelerate the maturity of the obligations outstanding under the Amended Credit Facility and exercise other rights and remedies. Obligations outstanding under the Amended Credit Facility, however, will be automatically accelerated upon an event of default arising from a bankruptcy or insolvency event. Each of the following constitutes an event of default under the Amended Credit Facility:
Failure to pay any principal when due or any interest, fees or other amount within certain grace periods;
Representations and warranties in the Amended Credit Facility or other loan documents being incorrect or misleading in any material respect;
Failure to perform or otherwise comply with the covenants in the Amended Credit Facility or other loan documents, subject, in certain instances, to grace periods;
Impairment of security under the loan documents affecting collateral having a fair market value in excess of $25 million;
The actual or asserted invalidity of any material provisions of the guarantees of the indebtedness under the Amended Credit Facility;
Default by us or our restricted subsidiaries in the payment of any other indebtedness with a principal amount in excess of $25 million, any default in the performance of any obligation or condition with respect to such indebtedness beyond the applicable grace period if the effect of the default is to permit or cause the acceleration of the indebtedness, or such indebtedness will be declared due and payable prior to its scheduled maturity;
Bankruptcy or insolvency events involving us or our restricted subsidiaries;
The entry, and failure to pay, of one or more adverse judgments in excess of $25 million, upon which enforcement proceedings are commenced or that are not stayed pending appeal; and
The occurrence of a change in control (as defined in the Amended Credit Facility)Note 8 Debt.
The Amended Credit Facility also provides for a commitment fee in the amount of 0.375% per annum on the unused portion of commitments.
Off-balance sheet arrangements
As of December 31, 2016,2019, we had no off-balance sheet instruments or financial arrangements, other than operating leases and letters of credit entered into in the ordinary course of business.

48

Table of Contents


Contractual obligations
Our debt, lease and financial obligations Operating leases were excluded from our balance sheet as of December 31, 2016 will mature2018, but are included in the balance sheet as of December 31, 2019 following the January 1, 2019 adoption of ASC 842. For additional information, refer to Note 2 Summary of Significant Accounting Policies and become dueNote 9 Leases.
Contractual obligations
The following table summarizes our significant contractual obligations and payable according to the following tableother long- term liabilities as of December 31, 2019 (in thousands):
  2017 2018 2019 2020 2021 After 2021 Total
Senior notes due October 2021 (1)
 $25,000
 $25,000
 $25,000
 $25,000
 $418,750
 $
 $518,750
Senior secured credit facility 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Other debt 124
 82
 
 
 
 
 206
Operating leases 15,455
 12,526
 10,939
 8,988
 7,858
 10,253
 66,019
Letters of credit 13,585
 3,282
 136
 
 
 
 17,003
Pension 343
 313
 311
 323
 317
 6,530
 8,137
Total $54,507
 $41,203
 $36,386
 $34,311
 $426,925
 $16,783
 $610,115
(1) Includes 5 years of interest on $400 million of senior notes at 6.25% that become due in 2021.
 2020 2021 2022 2023 2024 Thereafter Total
Senior Notes due 2021 (1)
$25,000
 $418,750
 $
 $
 $
 $
 $443,750
Credit Facility (2)

 
 
 
 
 
 
Leases17,679
 14,870
 11,329
 7,593
 6,363
 25,507
 83,341
Letters of Credit20,913
 1,480
 2,125
 
 
 
 24,518
Pension315
 316
 342
 325
 362
 7,837
 9,497
Total$63,907
 $435,416
 $13,796
 $7,918
 $6,725
 $33,344
 $561,106
(1) Includes interest on $400 million of senior notes at 6.25% that are due in October 2021.
(2) No outstanding balance under the Credit Facility as of December 31, 2019.


As discussed in Note 9 of the Consolidated Financial Statements,10 Income Taxes, as of December 31, 20162019 the Company has approximately $14.2$14.6 million of liabilities associated with uncertain tax positions in the various jurisdictions in which the Company conducts business.  Due to the uncertain and complex application of the tax regulations, combined with the difficulty in predicting when tax audits throughout the world may be concluded, the Company cannot make precise estimates of the timing of cash outflows relating to these liabilities. Accordingly, liabilities associated with uncertain tax positions have been excluded from the contractual obligations table above.
Inflation
Global inflation has been relatively low in recent years and did not have a material impact on our results of operations during 2016, 20152019, 2018 or 2014.2017. Although the impact of inflation has been insignificant in recent years, it is still a factor in the global economy and we tend todo experience inflationary pressure on the cost of raw materials and components used in our products.

47

Table of Contents


Critical accounting policies and estimates
The discussion and analysis of our financial condition and results of operations are based upon our consolidated financial statements, which have been prepared in accordance with GAAP. The preparation ofIn preparing our consolidated financial statements, requires us towe make judgments, estimates and assumptions affecting the amounts reported. We base our estimates on factors including historical experience and various assumptions that affectwe believe are reasonable under the reported amountscircumstances. These factors form the basis for making estimates about the carrying values of assets and liabilities revenues and expenses and related disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities.that are not readily apparent from other sources. Certain accounting policies involve judgments and uncertainties to such an extent that there is a reasonable likelihood that materially different amounts could have been reported under different conditions, or if different assumptions had been used. We evaluate our estimates and assumptions on a regular basis. We base our estimates on historical experience and various other assumptions that are believed to be reasonable under the circumstances, the results of which form the basis for making judgments about the carrying values of assets and liabilities that are not readily apparent from other sources. Actual results may differ from these estimates and assumptions used in preparation of our consolidated financial statements. We
In order to provide expanded discussiona better understanding of how we make judgments, and develop estimates and assumptions about future events, we have described our most critical accounting policies estimates and judgments below. We believe that these accounting policies reflect our more significant estimates and assumptions used in preparation of our consolidated financial statements.
Revenue recognition
Revenue is recognized in accordance with Accounting Standards Codification Topic 606 (“ASC 606”), when control of the promised goods or services is transferred to our customers, in an amount that reflects the consideration we expect to be entitled to in exchange for those goods or services.
Contract Identification. We account for a contract when it is approved, both parties are committed, the rights of the parties are identified, payment terms are defined, the contract has commercial substance and collection of consideration is probable.
Performance Obligations. A performance obligation is a promise in a contract to transfer a distinct good or service to the customer under ASC 606. The substantial majority of our contracts with customers contain a single performance obligation to provide agreed-upon products or services. For contracts with multiple performance obligations, we allocate revenue to each performance obligation based on its relative standalone selling price. In accordance with ASC 606, we do not assess whether promised goods or services are performance obligations if they are immaterial in the context of the contract with the customer. We have elected to apply the practical expedient to account for shipping and handling costs associated with outbound freight after control of a product has transferred to a customer as a fulfillment cost which is included in Cost of Sales. Furthermore, since our customer payment terms are short-term in nature, we have also elected to apply the practical expedient which allows an entity to not adjust for the effects of a significant financing component if it expects that the customer’s payment period will be less than one year in duration.
Contract Value. Revenue is measured based on the amount of consideration specified in the contracts with our customers and excludes any amounts collected on behalf of third parties. We have elected the practical expedient to exclude amounts collected from customers for all sales (and other similar) taxes.
The estimation of total revenue from a customer contract is subject to elements of variable consideration. Certain customers may receive rebates or discounts which are accounted for as variable consideration. We estimate variable consideration as the most likely amount to which we expect to be entitled, and we include estimated amounts in the transaction price to the extent it is probable that a significant reversal of cumulative revenue will not occur when the uncertainty associated with the variable consideration is resolved. Our estimate of variable consideration and determination of whether to include estimated amounts in the transaction price are based largely on an assessment of our anticipated performance and all information (historic, current, forecast) that is reasonably available to us.
Timing of Recognition. We recognize revenue when we satisfy a performance obligation by transferring control of a product or service to a customer. Our performance obligations are satisfied at a point in time or over time as work progresses.
Revenue from goods transferred to customers at a point in time accounted for 96% of revenues for the year ended December 31, 2019. The majority of this revenue is product sales, which are generally recognized when the associated goodsitems are shipped from our facilities and title passes to the customer or when services have been rendered, as long as allcustomer. The amount of revenue recognized for products is adjusted for expected returns, which are estimated based on historical data.
Revenue from goods transferred to customers over time accounted for 4% of revenues for the year ended December 31, 2019, which is related to certain contracts in our Subsea and Production Equipment product lines. Recognition over time for these contracts is supported by our assessment of the criteriaproducts supplied as having no alternative use to us and by clauses in the contracts that provide us with an enforceable right to payment for recognition described in Note 2performance completed to date. We use the cost-to-cost method to measure progress for these contracts because it best depicts the transfer of the Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements in Part II, Item 8 "Financial Statements and Supplementary Data" of this Annual Report on Form 10-K have been met. The only revenue recognition criteria requiring judgment on these sales is assurance of collectability. We carefully evaluate creditworthiness of our customers before extending payment terms other than cash upfront, and historically we have not incurred significant losses for bad debt.
Revenue generated from long-term contracts, typically longer than six months in duration, is recognized on the percentage-of-completion method of accounting. Approximately 9% of our 2016 revenue was accounted for on this basis. There are significant estimates and judgments involved in recognizing revenue over the term of the contract. For that portion of our business accounted for on the percentage-of-completion method, we generally recognize revenue and cost of goods sold each period based upon the advancement of the work-in-progress. The percentage complete


4948

Table of Contents




assets to the customer which occurs as costs are incurred on the contract. The amount of revenue recognized is determinedcalculated based on the ratio of costs incurred to dateto-date compared to total estimated costs for the project. The percentage-of-completion methodwhich requires management to calculate reasonably dependable estimates of progress towards completion and total contract costs. Each period these long-term contracts are reevaluated and may result in upward or downward revisions in estimated total costs, which are accounted for in the period of the change to reflect a catch up adjustment for the cumulative impact from inception of the contract to date in the period of the revision. Whenever revisions of estimated contract costs and contract value indicatesvalues indicate that the contract costs will exceed estimated revenue,revenues, thus creating a loss, a provision for the total estimated loss is recorded in that period. We recognize revenue and cost of sales each period based upon the advancement of the work-in-progress unless the stage of completion is insufficient to enable a reasonably certain forecast of profit to be established. In such cases, no profit is recognized during the period.
RevenueAccounting estimates during the course of projects may change, primarily related to our remotely operated vehicles (“ROVs”) which may take longer to manufacture. The effect of such a change, which can be upward as well as downward, is accounted for in the period of change, and the cumulative income recognized to date is adjusted to reflect the latest estimates. These revisions to estimates are accounted for on a prospective basis.
Contracts are sometimes modified to account for changes in product specifications or requirements. Most of our contract modifications are for goods and services that are not distinct from the rentalexisting contract. As such, these modifications are accounted for as if they were part of equipment or providingthe existing contract, and therefore, the effect of servicesthe modification on the transaction price and our measure of progress for the performance obligation to which it relates is recognized overas an adjustment to revenue on a cumulative catch-up basis. No adjustment to any one contract was material to our consolidated financial statements for the years ended December 31, 2019, 2018 and 2017.
We sell our products through a number of channels including a direct sales force, marketing representatives, and distributors. We have elected to expense sales commissions when incurred as the amortization period would be less than one year. These costs are recorded within cost of sales.
Portfolio Approach. We have elected to apply ASC 606 to a portfolio of contracts with similar characteristics as we reasonably expect that the effects on the financial statements of applying this guidance to the portfolio would not differ materially from applying this guidance to the individual contracts within that portfolio.
Disaggregated Revenue. Refer to Note 17 Business Segments for disaggregated revenue by product line and geography.
Contract Balances. Contract balances are determined on a contract by contract basis. Contract assets represent revenue recognized for goods and services provided to our customers when payment is conditioned on something other than the assetpassage of time. Similarly, when we receive consideration, or such consideration is rentedunconditionally due, from a customer prior to transferring goods or services are renderedto the customer under the terms of a sales contract, we record a contract liability. Such contract liabilities typically result from billings in excess of costs incurred and collectability is reasonably assured. Rates for asset rental and service provision are pricedadvance payments received on a per day, per man hour, or similar basis. There are typically delays in receiving some field tickets reporting utilization of equipment or personnel requiring us to make estimates for revenue recognition in the period. In the following period, these estimates are adjusted to actual field tickets received late.product sales.
Share-basedStock based compensation
We account for awards of share-basedstock based compensation at fair value on the date granted to employees and recognize the compensation expense in theour consolidated financial statements over the requisite service period. FairThe fair value of the share-basedstock based compensation was measured using the fair value of the common stock for restricted stock and restricted stock units, the Black-Scholes model for most of the outstanding options, and a latticeMonte Carlo Simulation model for performance share units.units and stock appreciation rights. These models require assumptions and estimates for inputs, especially the estimate of the volatility in the value of the underlying share price, that affect the resultant values and hence the amount of compensation expense recognized.
Inventories
Inventory, consisting of finished goods and materials and supplies held for resale, is carried at the lower of cost or market.net realizable value. We evaluate our inventories, based on an analysis of stocking levels, historical sales experiencelevels and future sales forecasts, to determine obsolete, slow-moving and excess inventory. While we have policies for calculating and recording reserves against inventory carrying values, we exercise judgment in establishing and applying these policies.

49

Table of Contents


Business combinations, goodwill and other intangible assets
Business combinations
Goodwill acquired in connection with business combinations represents the excess of consideration over the fair value of net assets acquired. Certain assumptions and estimates are employed in evaluating the fair value of assets acquired and liabilities assumed. These estimates may be affected by factors such as changing market conditions, technological advances in the oil and natural gas industry or changes in regulations governing that industry. The most significant assumptions requiring judgment involve identifying and estimating the fair value of intangible assets and the associated useful lives for establishing amortization periods. To finalize purchase accounting for significant acquisitions, we utilize the services of independent valuation specialists to assist in the determination of the fair value of acquired intangible assets.
Goodwill and intangible assets with indefinite lives
For goodwill and intangible assets with indefinite lives, an assessment for impairment is performed annually or when there is an indication an impairment may have occurred. We typically completeuse an assessment date of October 1 for our annual impairment test for goodwill and other indefinite-lived intangibles using an assessment date of October 1.intangible assets. Goodwill is reviewed for impairment by comparing the carrying value of each of our six reporting unit’sunits’ net assets, including allocated goodwill, to the estimated fair value of the reporting unit. We determine the fair value of our reporting units using a combination of discounted cash flow approach.and guideline public company methodologies. We selected thisthese valuation approachmethodologies because we believe it, combined with our best judgment regarding underlying assumptions and estimates, providesthey provide the best estimate of fair value for each of our reporting units. Determining the fair value of a reporting unitThe discounted cash flow methodology requires the use of estimates and assumptions. Such estimates and assumptions includesuch as revenue growth rates, future operating margins, the weighted average cost of capital, a terminal growth value, and future market conditions, among others. The guideline public company methodology is a valuation technique in which the value of an entity is determined based on a comparison to similar publicly traded companies with an evaluation of pricing multiples determined as equity value relative to appropriate measures of operating results. Criteria for comparability in the selection of publicly traded companies includes, but are not limited to, operational characteristics, growth patterns, relative size, earnings trends, markets served, and risk characteristics. We believe that the estimates and assumptions used in our impairment assessments are reasonable. If the reporting unit’s carrying value is greater than its calculated fair value, a second step is performed whereby the implied fair value of goodwill is estimated by allocating the fair value of the reporting unit in a hypothetical purchase price allocation analysis. Wewe recognize a goodwill impairment charge for the amount by which the carrying value of goodwill exceeds its reassessed fair value.
At October 1, 2016,For the years ended December 31, 2019, 2018 and 2017, we performed our annualrecognized goodwill impairment test on eachcharges totaling $471.0 million, $298.8 million and $68.0 million, respectively, which are included in “Impairments of goodwill, intangible assets, property and equipment” in the consolidated statements of comprehensive loss. See Note 7 Goodwill and Intangible Assets for further information related to these charges. Following the goodwill impairment charges recognized in the third quarter of 2019, there is no remaining goodwill balance for any of our reporting units and concluded that there had been no impairment because the estimated fair value of each of those reporting units exceeded its carrying value. As such, no impairment losses were recorded on goodwill for the year ended December 31, 2016. If the market conditions do not improve further, however, we may have additional impairment charges in our Subsea reporting units in the future.units.
For the year ended December 31, 2015, we recorded $123.2 million of impairment losses for our Subsea reporting unit for the year ended December 31, 2015.

50

Table of Contents


No impairment losses were recorded on goodwill for the year ended December 31, 2014.Intangible assets with definite lives
Intangible assets with definite lives are tested for impairment whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that their carrying amount may not be recoverable. In performing the fourth quarterreview for impairment, future cash flows expected to result from the use of 2015,the asset are estimated. If the undiscounted future cash flows are less than the carrying amount of the assets, there is an indication that the asset may be impaired. The amount of the impairment loss of $1.9 million related to certain trade names that were no longer in use was recorded. No impairments to intangible assets were recorded in 2016 and 2014.
Income taxes
We followis measured as the liability method of accounting for income taxes. Under this method, deferred income tax assets and liabilities are determined based upon temporary differencesdifference between the carrying amountsvalue and tax basesthe estimated fair value of our assets and liabilities at the balance sheet date, and are measured using enacted tax rates and laws that will be in effect whenasset. The fair value is determined either through the differences are expected to reverse. We record ause of an external valuation, allowance whenever management believes that it is more likely than not that any deferred tax asset will not be realized. We must apply judgment in assessing the realizabilityor by means of deferred tax assets, including estimating our future taxable income, to predict whether aan analysis of discounted future cash tax reduction will be realized fromflows. The impairment loss recognized represents the deferred tax asset. Any changesexcess of an assets’ carrying value as compared to its estimated fair value.
For the years ended December 31, 2019, 2018 and 2017, we recognized intangible asset impairment charges totaling $53.5 million, $64.7 million and $1.1 million, respectively, which are included in “Impairments of goodwill, intangible assets, property and equipment” in the valuation allowance dueconsolidated statements of comprehensive loss. See Note 7 Goodwill and Intangible Assets for further information related to changes in circumstances and estimates are recognized in income tax expense in the period the change occurs.
The accounting guidance for income taxes requires that we recognize the financial statement benefit of a tax position only after determining that the relevant tax authority would more likely than not sustain the position following an audit. If a tax position meets the "more likely than not" recognition criteria, the accounting guidance requires the tax position be measured at the largest amount of benefit greater than 50% likely of being realized upon ultimate settlement. If management determines that likelihood of sustaining the realization of the tax benefit is less than or equal to 50%, then the tax benefit is not recognized in the financial statements.
We have operations in countries other than the United States. Consequently, we are subject to the jurisdiction of a number of taxing authorities. The final determination of tax liabilities involves the interpretation of local tax laws, tax treaties, and related authorities in each jurisdiction. Changes in the operating environment, including changes in tax law or interpretation of tax law and currency repatriation controls, could impact the determination of our tax liabilities for a given tax year.these charges.
Property and equipment
Property and equipment is stated at cost less accumulated depreciation. Depreciation is computed using the straight-line method based on the estimated useful lives of assets, generally 3 to 30 years. We have established standard useful lives for certain classes of assets.
We review long-lived assets for potential impairment whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying amount of a long-lived asset may not be recoverable. In performing the review for impairment, future cash flows expected to result from the use of the asset and its eventual disposal are estimated. If the undiscounted future cash flows are less than the carrying amount of the assets, there is an indication that the asset may be impaired. The

50

Table of Contents


amount of the impairment is measured as the difference between the carrying value and the estimated fair value of the asset. The fair value is determined either through the use of an external valuation, or by means of an analysis of discounted future cash flows based on expected utilization. The impairment loss recognized represents the excess of the assetsan assets’ carrying value as compared to its estimated fair value.
For the year ended December 31, 2019, we recognized property and equipment impairment charges totaling $7.9 million, which are included in “Impairments of goodwill, intangible assets, property and equipment” in the consolidated statements of comprehensive loss. See Note 6 Property and Equipment for further information related to these charges.
No significant impairments of property and equipment were recorded for the years ended December 31, 2018 and 2017.
Income taxes
We follow the liability method of accounting for income taxes. Under this method, deferred income tax assets and liabilities are determined based upon temporary differences between the carrying amounts and tax bases of our assets and liabilities at the balance sheet date, and are measured using enacted tax rates and laws that will be in effect when the differences are expected to reverse. We recognize deferred tax assets to the extent that we believe these assets are more likely than not to be realized. In making such a determination, we consider all available positive and negative evidence, including future reversals of existing temporary differences, projected future taxable income, including the effect of U.S. tax reform, tax-planning and recent operating results. Any changes in our judgment as to the realizability of our deferred tax assets are recorded as an adjustment to the deferred tax asset valuation allowance in the period the change occurs.
The accounting guidance for income taxes requires that we recognize the financial statement benefit of a tax position only after determining that the relevant tax authority would more likely than not sustain the position following an audit. If a tax position meets the “more likely than not” recognition criteria, the accounting guidance requires the tax position be measured at the largest amount of benefit greater than 50% likely of being realized upon ultimate settlement. If management determines that likelihood of sustaining the realization of the tax benefit is less than or equal to 50%, then the tax benefit is not recognized in the consolidated financial statements.
We have operations in countries other than the U.S. Consequently, we are subject to the jurisdiction of a number of taxing authorities. The final determination of tax liabilities involves the interpretation of local tax laws, tax treaties, and related authorities in each jurisdiction. Changes in the operating environment, including changes in tax law or interpretation of tax law and currency repatriation controls, could impact the determination of our tax liabilities for a given tax year.
During 2018, we completed our analysis of the impact of U.S. tax reform enacted in December 2017 based on further guidance provided on the new tax law by the U.S. Treasury Department and Internal Revenue Service. We finalized our accounting for the effects of U.S. tax reform during 2018 based on the additional guidance issued and recognized an income tax benefit of $15.6 million for the year ended December 31, 2018.
For the years ended December 31, 2019 and 2018, we recognized tax expense for valuation allowances totaling $98.9 million and $50.0 million, respectively. See Note 10 Income Taxes for further information related to these charges.
Recognition of provisions for contingencies
In the ordinary course of business, we are subject to various claims, suits and complaints. We, in consultation with internal and external legal advisors, will provide for a contingent loss in the consolidated financial statements if, at the date of the consolidated financial statements, it is probable that a liability has been incurred at the date of the consolidated financial statements and the amount can be reasonably estimated. If it is determined that the reasonable estimate of the loss is a range and that there is no best estimate within thethat range, a provision will be made for the lower amount of the range. Legal costs are expensed as incurred.
An assessment is made of the areas where potential claims may arise under the contract warranty clauses. Where a specific risk is identified, and the potential for a claim is assessed as probable and can be reasonably estimated, an appropriate warranty provision is recorded. Warranty provisions are eliminated at the end of the warranty period except where warranty claims are still outstanding. The liability for product warranty is included in other accrued liabilities onin the consolidated balance sheets.

51

Table of Contents


Recent accounting pronouncements
In November 2016,From time to time, new accounting pronouncements are issued by the Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) issued Accounting Standards Update (“ASU”) No. 2016-18 Statement of Cash Flows (Topic 230) - Restricted Cash a consensus of the FASB Emerging Issues Task Force. This new guidance requires that a statement of cash flows explain the change during the period in the total of

51

Table of Contents


cash, cash equivalents, and amounts generally described as restricted cash or restricted cash equivalents. Therefore, amounts generally described as restricted cash and restricted cash equivalents should be included with cash and cash equivalents when reconciling the beginning-of-period and end-of-period total amounts shown on the statement of cash flows. ASU 2016-18 is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2018, and interim periods within fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2019 and is not expected to have a material impact on our consolidated financial statements.
In October 2016, the FASB issued ASU No. 2016-16 Income Tax (Topic 740) - Intra-Entity Transfers of Assets Other Than Inventory. Current GAAP prohibits the recognition of current and deferred income taxes for an intra-entity asset transfer until the asset has been sold to an outside party.This new guidance eliminates this exception and requires an entity to recognize the income tax consequences of an intra-entity transfer of an asset other than inventory when the transfer occurs. ASU 2016-16 is effective for annual reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2017, including interim reporting periods within those annual reporting periods, and should be applied on a modified retrospective basis through a cumulative-effect adjustment directly to retained earnings, which we adopt as of the beginningspecified effective date. Refer to Note 2 Summary of the period of adoption. The ASU is not expected to have a material impact on our consolidated financial statements.
In August 2016, the FASB issued ASU No. 2016-15 Cash Flow Statement (Topic 230) - Classification of Certain Cash Receipts and Cash Payments. This new guidance addresses eight specific cash flow issues with the objective of reducing the existing diversity in practice, including: debt prepayment or debt extinguishment costs, settlement of zero-coupon debt instruments or other debt instruments, contingent consideration payments made after a business combination, proceeds from the settlement of insurance claims, proceeds from the settlement of corporate-owned life insurance policies, distributions received from equity method investees, beneficial interests in securitization transactions, and separately identifiable cash flows and application of the predominance principle. The only issue currently relevant to us is distributions received from equity method investees, where the new guidance allows an accounting policy election between the cumulative earnings approach and the nature of the distribution approach. We will continue to use the cumulative earnings approach, therefore the guidance is not expected to have a material impact on our consolidated financial statements. ASU 2016-15 is effectiveSignificant Accounting Policies for public business entities for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2017, and interim periods within those fiscal years.
In May 2016, the FASB issued ASU No. 2016-11 Revenue Recognition (Topic 605) and Derivatives and Hedging (Topic 815) - Rescission of SEC Guidance Because of Accounting Standards Updates No. 2014-09 and No. 2014-16 Pursuant to Staff Announcements at the March 3, 2016 EITF Meeting. This new guidance rescinded certain SEC staff observer comments in Topic 605information related to revenue and expense recognition for freight services in process andrecent accounting for shipping and handling fees and costs, in Topic 932 related to gas-balancing arrangements, and in Topic 815 related to the nature of a host contract related to a hybrid instrument issued in the form of a share. ASU 2016-11 is effective upon adoption of Topic 606 and is not expected to have a material impact on our consolidated financial statements.pronouncements.
In March 2016, the FASB issued ASU No. 2016-09, Improvements to Employee Share-Based Payment Accounting.  This new guidance includes provisions intended to simplify how share-based payments are accounted for and presented in the financial statements, including: a) all excess tax benefits and tax deficiencies should be recognized as income tax expense or benefit in the income statement; b) excess tax benefits should be classified along with other income tax cash flows as an operating activity; c) an entity can make an entity-wide accounting policy election to either estimate the number of awards that are expected to vest or account for forfeitures when they occur; d) the threshold to qualify for equity classification permits withholding up to the maximum statutory tax rates in the applicable jurisdictions; e) cash paid by an employer should be classified as a financing activity when shares are directly withheld for tax withholding purposes. There are also two additional provisions for non-public entities that do not apply to us. The element of the new standard that will have the most impact on our financial statements will be income tax consequences. Excess tax benefits and tax deficiencies on stock-based compensation awards will now be included in our tax provision within our consolidated statement of comprehensive income, rather than our current accounting of recording in additional paid-in capital on our consolidated balance sheet. The standard will take effect for public companies for annual periods beginning after December 15, 2016, and interim periods within those annual periods.
In February 2016, the FASB issued ASU No. 2016-02, Leases.  Under this new guidance, lessees will be required to recognize assets and liabilities on the balance sheet for the rights and obligations created by all leases with terms of more than twelve months. The standard will take effect for public companies for fiscal years, and interim periods within those fiscal years, beginning after December 15, 2018.  We are currently evaluating the impact of the adoption of this guidance.
In August 2014, the FASB issued ASU No. 2014-15, Presentation of Financial Statements - Going Concern. The new standard requires management to evaluate whether there are conditions or events that raise substantial doubt as to an entity's ability to continue as a going concern for both annual and interim reporting periods. The guidance was


52

Table of Contents



effective for us for the annual period ending after December 15, 2016 and interim periods thereafter. The guidance did not have a material impact on our consolidated financial statements.
In May 2014, the FASB issued ASU No. 2014-09, Revenue from Contracts with Customers (Topic 606). The comprehensive new standard will supersede existing revenue recognition guidance and require revenue to be recognized when promised goods or services are transferred to customers in amounts that reflect the consideration to which the company expects to be entitled in exchange for those goods or services. Adoption of the new rules could affect the timing of revenue recognition for certain transactions. The guidance permits two implementation approaches, one requiring retrospective application of the new standard with restatement of prior years and one requiring prospective application of the new standard with disclosure of results under old standards. The FASB issued several subsequent standards in 2016 containing implementation guidance related to the new standard. These standards provide additional guidance related to principal versus agent considerations, licensing, and identifying performance obligations. Additionally, these standards provide narrow-scope improvements and practical expedients as well as technical corrections and improvements. Overall, the new guidance is to be effective for the fiscal year beginning after December 15, 2017. Companies are able to early adopt the pronouncement, however not before fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2016. We currently anticipate that we will adopt this standard using the modified retrospective method. We have put in place an implementation team to provide training and to review contracts to assess the impact, if any, the new revenue standard will have on our consolidated financial statements. Our approach includes performing a detailed review of key contracts representative of our different businesses and comparing historical accounting policies and practices to the new standard. We will also continue to monitor for any additional implementation or other guidance that may be issued in 2017 with respect to the new revenue standard and adjust its assessment and implementation plans accordingly.


Cautionary note regarding forward-looking statements
This Annual Report on Form 10-K contains forward-looking statements within the meaning of Section 27A of the Securities Act and Section 21E of the Exchange Act. These forward-looking statements are subject to a number of risks and uncertainties, many of which are beyond the Company'sCompany’s control. All statements, other than statements of historical fact, included in this Annual Report on Form 10-K regarding our strategy, future operations, financial position, estimated revenues and losses, projected costs, prospects, plans and objectives of management are forward-looking statements. When used in this Annual Report on Form 10-K, the words "will," "could," "believe," "anticipate," "intend," "estimate," "expect," "may," "continue," "predict," "potential," "project"“will,” “could,” “believe,” “anticipate,” “intend,” “estimate,” “expect,” “may,” “continue,” “predict,” “potential,” “project” and similar expressions are intended to identify forward-looking statements, although not all forward-looking statements contain such identifying words.
Forward-looking statements may include, but are not limited to, statements about:about the following subjects:
business strategy;
cash flows and liquidity;
the volatility and impact of recent significant declineschanges in oil and natural gas prices;
the availability of raw materials and specialized equipment;
our ability to accurately predict customer demand;
customer order cancellations or deferrals;
competition in the oil and natural gas industry;
governmental regulation and taxation of the oil and natural gas industry;industry, including the application of tariffs by governmental authorities;
environmental liabilities;
political, social and economic issues affecting the countries in which we do business;
changes in relative activities of U.S. and international operations;
our ability to deliver our backlog in a timely fashion;
our ability to implement new technologies and services;
availability and terms of capital;
general economic conditions;
our ability to successfully manage our growth, including risks and uncertainties associated with integrating and retaining key employees of the businesses we acquire;

53

Table of Contents


benefits of our acquisitions;
availability of key management personnel;
availability of skilled and qualified labor;
operating hazards inherent in our industry;
the continued influence of our largest shareholder;
the ability to establish and maintain effective internal control over financial reporting;
financial strategy, budget, projections and operating results;
uncertainty regarding our future operating results; and
plans, objectives, expectations and intentions contained in this report that are not historical.

All forward-looking statements speak only as of the date of this Annual Report on Form 10-K. We disclaim any obligation to update or revise these statements unless required by law, and you should not place undue reliance on these forward-looking statements. Although we believe that our plans, intentions and expectations reflected in or suggested by the forward-looking statements we make in this Annual Report on Form 10-K are reasonable, we can give no assurance that these plans, intentions or expectations will be achieved. We disclose important factors that could cause our actual results to differ materially from our expectations in "Risk Factors"“Risk Factors” and "Management's“Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations"Operations” and elsewhere in this Annual Report on Form 10-K. These cautionary statements qualify all forward-looking statements attributable to us or persons acting on our behalf.




5453

Table of Contents




Item 7A. Quantitative and qualitative disclosures about market risk
We are currently exposed to market risk from changes in foreign currency and changes in interest rates. From time to time, we may enter into derivative financial instrument transactions to manage or reduce our market risk, but we do not enter into derivative transactions for speculative purposes. A discussion of our market risk exposure in financial instruments follows.
Non-U.S. currency exchange rates
In certain regions, we conduct our business in currencies other than the U.S. dollar and for the majority of our non-U.S. operations, the functional currency is the applicable local currency. We operate primarily in the U.S., CanadianCanada, United Kingdom, and UK markets, and asEurope. As a result, our primary exposure to fluctuations in currency exchange rates relates to fluctuations between the U.S. dollar and the Canadian dollar, the British pound sterling, the Euro, and, to a lesser degree, the Mexican Peso and the Singapore dollar. In countries in whichwhere we operate in the local currency, the effects of currency fluctuations are largely mitigated because local expenses of such operations are also generally denominated in the local currency. There may be instances, however, in which costs and revenue will not be matched with respect to currency denomination anddenomination. As a result, we may experience economic losslosses and a negative impact on earnings or net assets solely as a result ofdue to foreign currency exchange rate fluctuations. To the extent that we continue our expansion on a global basis, management expects that increasing portions
Realized and unrealized gains and losses resulting from re-measurements of revenue, costs,monetary assets and liabilities will be subject to fluctuationsdenominated in a currency other than the local entity’s functional currency are included in the consolidated statements of comprehensive loss as incurred. Our consolidated statements of comprehensive loss include foreign currency valuations.exchange losses of $5.2 million and gains of $5.4 million for the years ended December 31, 2019 and 2018, respectively.
Assets and liabilities for whichFinancial statements of our foreign operations where the functional currency is not the local currencyU.S. dollar are translated into U.S. dollars using the current rate method whereby assets and liabilities are translated at the balance sheet rate and income and expenses are translated at the average exchange rates in effect atduring the balance sheet date, resulting inperiod. The resultant translation adjustments that are reflectedreported as a component of accumulated other comprehensive income in theloss within stockholders’ equity section onin our consolidated balance sheet. We recorded $45.9 million in net foreign currency translation loss, net of tax that is included in other comprehensive income forsheets. For the year ended December 31, 20162019, net foreign currency translation gains of $8.0 million are included in other comprehensive income to reflect the net impact of the general weakeningstrengthening of other applicable currencies against the U.S. dollar. ThisThese translation loss wasgains were caused primarily by the relative weakeningstrengthening of the Euro and the British pound sterling, as it appreciated 4%, offset by weakening of the Euro, and the British pound sterlingas it depreciated 3% and 16%2%, respectively, relative to the U.S. dollar from December 31, 20152018 to December 31, 2016.2019.
Interest rates
At December 31, 2016,2019, our long-termprincipal amount of debt consistedoutstanding included $400.0 million of $402.0 million in 6.25% Senior Notes and no long-term borrowingswhich bear interest at a fixed rate of 6.25%.
Borrowings under our Amended Credit Facility. At December 31, 2016, the fair value of the Senior Notes approximated $402.0 million. WeFacility are subject to a variable interest rate as determined by the credit agreement and are exposed to interest rate risk on our floating interest rate borrowings. Floating rate debt, where the interest rate fluctuates periodically, exposes us to short-termassociated with changes in market interest rates. All of the long-term debtAt December 31, 2019, we had no borrowings outstanding under our Amended Credit Facility is structured on floating interest rate terms.Facility.



5554



 


 
Item 8. Consolidated Financial Statements and Supplementary Data
 Page






5655





Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm


REPORT OF INDEPENDENT REGISTERED PUBLIC ACCOUNTING FIRM
To the shareholders and the Board of Directors and Stockholders of Forum Energy Technologies, Inc.:Incorporated

Opinion on the Financial Statements
In our opinion,We have audited the accompanying consolidated balance sheetssheet of Forum Energy Technologies, Incorporated and subsidiaries (the "Company") as of December 31, 2019, the related consolidated statementsstatement of comprehensive income (loss), of changes in stockholders’stockholders' equity, and of cash flows, for the period ended December 31, 2019, and the related notes (collectively referred to as the "financial statements"). In our opinion, the financial statements present fairly, in all material respects, the financial position of Forum Energy Technologies, Inc. and its subsidiaries atthe Company as of December 31, 2016 and December 31, 2015,2019, and the results of theirits operations and theirits cash flows for each of the three years in the periodyear ended December 31, 20162019, in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America. Also in our opinion, the Company maintained, in all material respects, effective internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2016, based on criteria established in Internal Control - Integrated Framework 2013 issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission (COSO). The Company's management is responsible for these financial statements, for maintaining effective internal control over financial reporting and for its assessment of the effectiveness of internal control over financial reporting, included in Management's Report on Internal Control over Financial Reporting appearing under Item 9A. Our responsibility is to express opinions on these financial statements and on the Company's internal control over financial reporting based on our integrated audits.
We conducted our auditshave also audited, in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States). (PCAOB), the Company's internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2019, based on criteria established in Internal Control - Integrated Framework (2013) issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission and our report dated February 25, 2020 expressed an unqualified opinion on the Company's internal control over financial reporting.
Basis for Opinion
These financial statements are the responsibility of the Company's management. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on the Company's financial statements based on our audits. We are a public accounting firm registered with the PCAOB and are required to be independent with respect to the Company in accordance with the U.S. federal securities laws and the applicable rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission and the PCAOB.
We conducted our audits in accordance with the standards of the PCAOB. Those standards require that we plan and perform the auditsaudit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the financial statements are free of material misstatement, and whether effective internal control over financial reporting was maintained in all material respects.due to error or fraud. Our audits included performing procedures to assess the risks of material misstatement of the financial statements, whether due to error or fraud, and performing procedures that respond to those risks. Such procedures included examining, on a test basis, evidence supportingregarding the amounts and disclosures in the financial statements, assessingstatements. Our audits also included evaluating the accounting principles used and significant estimates made by management, andas well as evaluating the overall presentation of the financial statement presentation. Our audit of internal control over financial reporting included obtaining an understanding of internal control over financial reporting, assessing the risk that a material weakness exists, and testing and evaluating the design and operating effectiveness of internal control based on the assessed risk. Our audits also included performing such other procedures as we considered necessary in the circumstances.statements. We believe that our audits provide a reasonable basis for our opinions.opinion.

/s/ Deloitte & Touche LLP
A company’s internal control over financial reporting is a process designed to provide reasonable assurance regarding
Houston, Texas
February 25, 2020

We have served as the reliabilityCompany’s auditor since 2019.




56


REPORT OF INDEPENDENT REGISTERED PUBLIC ACCOUNTING FIRM
To the Board of financial reportingDirectors and Stockholders of Forum Energy Technologies, Inc.
Opinion on the Financial Statements
We have audited the consolidated balance sheet of Forum Energy Technologies, Inc. and its subsidiaries (the “Company”) as of December 31, 2018, and the preparationrelated consolidated statements of comprehensive loss, of changes in stockholders’ equity and of cash flows for each of the two years in the period ended December 31, 2018, including the related notes (collectively referred to as the “consolidated financial statements”). In our opinion, the consolidated financial statements present fairly, in all material respects, the financial position of the Company as of December 31, 2018, and the results of its operations and its cash flows for external purposeseach of the two years in the period ended December 31, 2018 in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America.
Basis for Opinion
These consolidated financial statements are the responsibility of the Company's management. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on the Company’s consolidated financial statements based on our audits. We are a public accounting firm registered with the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States) (PCAOB) and are required to be independent with respect to the Company in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles. A company’s internal control over financial reporting includes those policiesthe U.S. federal securities laws and procedures that (i) pertain to the maintenance of records that, in reasonable detail, accuratelyapplicable rules and fairly reflect the transactions and dispositionsregulations of the assetsSecurities and Exchange Commission and the PCAOB.
We conducted our audits of the company; (ii) provide reasonable assurance that transactions are recorded as necessary to permit preparation of these consolidatedfinancial statements in accordance with generally acceptedthe standards of the PCAOB. Those standards require that we plan and perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the consolidated financial statements are free of material misstatement, whether due to error or fraud.
Our audits included performing procedures to assess the risks of material misstatement of the consolidated financial statements, whether due to error or fraud, and performing procedures that respond to those risks. Such procedures included examining, on a test basis, evidence regarding the amounts and disclosures in the consolidatedfinancial statements. Our audits also included evaluating the accounting principles used and that receipts and expendituressignificant estimates made by management, as well as evaluating the overall presentation of the company are being made only in accordance with authorizations of management and directors of the company; and (iii)consolidatedfinancial statements. We believe that our audits provide a reasonable assurance regarding prevention or timely detection of unauthorized acquisition, use, or disposition of the company’s assets that could have a material effect on the financial statements.

Because of its inherent limitations, internal control over financial reporting may not prevent or detect misstatements. Also, projections of any evaluation of effectiveness to future periods are subject to the risk that controls may become inadequate because of changes in conditions, or that the degree of compliance with the policies or procedures may deteriorate.



basis for our opinion.
/s/ PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP

Houston, Texas
February 27, 201728, 2019, except for the change in composition of reportable segments discussed in Notes 4, 7, and 17 to the consolidated financial statements, as to which the date is May 3, 2019.

We served as the Company's auditor from 2005 to 2019.


57



 


Forum Energy Technologies, Inc. and subsidiaries
Consolidated statements of comprehensive income (loss)loss
  
Year ended December 31,
(in thousands, except per share information)2016 2015 2014
Net sales$587,635
 $1,073,652
 $1,739,717
Cost of sales487,900
 810,975
 1,180,265
Gross profit99,735
 262,677
 559,452
Operating expenses     
Selling, general and administrative expenses227,008
 264,906
 312,821
Goodwill and Intangible asset impairment
 125,092
 
Transaction expenses865
 480
 2,326
Loss on sale of assets2,638
 746
 1,431
Total operating expenses230,511
 391,224
 316,578
Earnings from equity investment1,824
 14,824
 25,164
Operating income (loss)(128,952) (113,723) 268,038
Other expense (income)     
Interest expense27,410
 29,945
 29,847
Foreign exchange (gains) losses and other, net(21,341) (9,345) (4,331)
Deferred loan costs written off2,978
 
 
Total other expense9,047
 20,600
 25,516
Income (loss) before income taxes(137,999) (134,323) 242,522
Provision for income tax expense (benefit)(56,051) (14,939) 68,145
Net income (loss)(81,948) (119,384) 174,377
Less: Income (loss) attributable to noncontrolling interest30
 (31) 12
Net income (loss) attributable to common stockholders(81,978) (119,353) 174,365
      
Weighted average shares outstanding     
Basic91,226
 89,908
 92,628
Diluted91,226
 89,908
 95,308
Earnings (loss) per share     
Basic$(0.90) $(1.33) $1.88
Diluted$(0.90) $(1.33) $1.83
      
      
Other comprehensive income (loss), net of tax:     
Net income (loss)(81,948) (119,384) 174,377
Change in foreign currency translation, net of tax of $0(45,722) (45,270) (43,694)
Gain (loss) on pension liability(335) 46
 (1,110)
Comprehensive income (loss)(128,005) (164,608) 129,573
Less: comprehensive loss (income) attributable to noncontrolling interests(162) 168
 46
Comprehensive income (loss) attributable to common stockholders$(128,167) $(164,440) $129,619
  
Year ended December 31,
(in thousands, except per share information)2019 2018 2017
Revenues$956,533
 $1,064,219
 $818,620
Cost of sales711,681
 807,847
 629,832
Gross profit244,852
 256,372
 188,788
Operating expenses     
Selling, general and administrative expenses251,736
 286,980
 253,713
Impairments of goodwill, intangible assets, property and equipment532,336
 363,522
 69,062
Transaction expenses1,159
 3,446
 6,511
Contingent consideration benefit(4,629) 
 
Loss (gain) on disposal of assets and other78
 (438) 2,097
Total operating expenses780,680
 653,510
 331,383
Earnings (loss) from equity investments(318) 140
 1,000
Operating loss(536,146) (396,998) (141,595)
Other expense (income)     
Interest expense31,618
 32,532
 26,808
Foreign exchange losses (gains) and other, net5,022
 (6,270) 7,268
Gain on contribution of subsea rentals business
 (33,506) 
Gain realized on previously held equity investment(1,567) 
 (120,392)
Gain on disposition of business(2,348) 
 
Total other expense (income), net32,725
 (7,244) (86,316)
Loss before income taxes(568,871) (389,754) (55,279)
Income tax expense (benefit)(1,814) (15,674) 4,121
Net loss(567,057) (374,080) (59,400)
      
Weighted average shares outstanding     
Basic110,100
 108,771
 98,689
Diluted110,100
 108,771
 98,689
Loss per share     
Basic$(5.15) $(3.44) $(0.60)
Diluted$(5.15) $(3.44) $(0.60)
      
Other comprehensive income (loss), net of tax:     
Net loss(567,057) (374,080) (59,400)
Change in foreign currency translation, net of tax of $07,958
 (24,752) 36,163
Gain (loss) on pension liability(1,666) 1,489
 107
Comprehensive loss(560,765) (397,343) (23,130)
Less: comprehensive loss attributable to noncontrolling interests
 
 
Comprehensive loss attributable to common stockholders$(560,765) $(397,343) $(23,130)
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.




58



 


Forum Energy Technologies, Inc. and subsidiaries
Consolidated balance sheets
(in thousands, except share information)December 31,
2016
 December 31,
2015
December 31,
2019
 December 31,
2018
Assets      
Current assets      
Cash and cash equivalents$234,422
 $109,249
$57,911
 $47,241
Accounts receivable—trade, net105,268
 138,597
Accounts receivable—trade, net of allowances of $9,048 and $7,432154,182
 206,055
Inventories, net338,583
 424,121
414,640
 479,023
Income tax receivable32,801
 
Prepaid expenses and other current assets29,443
 33,836
33,820
 23,677
Costs and estimated profits in excess of billings9,199
 12,009
4,104
 9,159
Accrued revenue1,260
 862
Total current assets749,716
 717,812
665,917
 766,017
Property and equipment, net of accumulated depreciation152,212
 186,667
154,836
 177,358
Operating lease assets48,682
 
Deferred financing costs, net1,112
 4,125
1,243
 2,071
Intangibles, net216,418
 246,650
272,300
 359,048
Goodwill652,743
 669,036

 469,647
Investment in unconsolidated subsidiary59,140
 57,719

 44,982
Deferred income taxes, net851
 780
654
 1,234
Other long-term assets3,000
 3,253
16,365
 9,295
Total assets$1,835,192
 $1,886,042
$1,159,997
 $1,829,652
Liabilities and equity      
Current liabilities      
Current portion of long-term debt$124
 $253
$717
 $1,167
Accounts payable—trade73,775
 76,823
98,720
 143,186
Accrued liabilities55,604
 58,563
86,625
 81,032
Deferred revenue8,338
 7,283
4,877
 8,335
Billings in excess of costs and profits recognized4,004
 8,631
5,911
 3,210
Total current liabilities141,845
 151,553
196,850
 236,930
Long-term debt, net of current portion396,747
 396,016
398,862
 517,544
Deferred income taxes, net26,185
 51,100
2,465
 15,299
Operating lease liabilities49,938
 
Other long-term liabilities34,654
 29,956
25,843
 29,753
Total liabilities599,431
 628,625
673,958
 799,526
Commitments and contingencies
 


 


Equity      
Common stock, $0.01 par value, 296,000,000 shares authorized, 103,682,128
and 98,605,902 shares issued
1,037
 986
Common stock, $0.01 par value, 296,000,000 shares authorized, 118,840,611 and 117,411,158 shares issued1,189
 1,174
Additional paid-in capital998,169
 891,248
1,231,650
 1,214,928
Treasury stock at cost, 8,174,963 and 8,145,802 shares(133,941) (133,318)
Retained earnings498,174
 580,152
Treasury stock at cost, 8,211,919 and 8,200,477 shares(134,493) (134,434)
Retained earnings (accumulated deficit)(503,369) 63,688
Accumulated other comprehensive loss(128,237) (82,048)(108,938) (115,230)
Total stockholders’ equity1,235,202
 1,257,020
Noncontrolling interest in subsidiary559
 397
Total equity1,235,761
 1,257,417
486,039
 1,030,126
Total liabilities and equity$1,835,192
 $1,886,042
$1,159,997
 $1,829,652
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.


59



 


Forum Energy Technologies, Inc. and subsidiaries
Consolidated statements of cash flows
Year ended December 31,Year ended December 31,
(in thousands, except share information)2016 2015 20142019 2018 2017
Cash flows from operating activities          
Net income (loss)$(81,948) $(119,384) $174,377
Adjustments to reconcile net income (loss) to net cash provided by operating activities     
Net loss$(567,057) $(374,080) $(59,400)
Adjustments to reconcile net loss to net cash provided by (used in) investing activities:     
Impairments of goodwill, intangible assets, property and equipment532,336
 363,522
 69,062
Depreciation expense35,636
 38,388
 37,414
30,629
 33,148
 34,401
Amortization of intangible assets26,124
 27,295
 27,658
32,612
 41,360
 30,728
Impairment of intangible assets and goodwill
 125,092
 
Inventory reserves25,537
 51,917
 8,171
Share-based compensation expense20,535
 21,675
 18,770
Earnings from equity investment, net of distributions(1,421) (8,044) 1,376
Stock-based compensation expense15,846
 19,927
 20,310
Inventory write downs10,324
 36,606
 14,620
Provision for doubtful accounts3,152
 3,342
 2,903
Deferred income taxes(24,418) (23,246) (3,270)(12,985) (13,552) 149
Deferred loan costs written off2,978
 
 
Provision for doubtful accounts485
 4,358
 2,492
Contingent consideration benefit(4,629) 
 
Gain on disposition of business(2,348) 
 
Gain realized on previously held equity investment(1,567) 
 (120,392)
(Earnings) loss from equity investments, net of distributions318
 (140) 2,073
Gain on contribution of subsea rentals business
 (33,506) 
Other4,389
 3,867
 4,109
4,040
 1,086
 3,886
Changes in operating assets and liabilities          
Accounts receivable—trade29,450
 145,753
 (44,727)49,732
 (4,833) (64,844)
Inventories57,294
 344
 (34,051)54,265
 (60,903) (66,646)
Prepaid expenses and other current assets621
 (7,980) 12,462
Income tax receivable(32,801) 
 

 
 30,929
Prepaid expenses and other current assets1,071
 3,576
 (4,107)
Cost and estimated profit in excess of billings1,897
 2,215
 8,742
Cost and estimated profits in excess of billings4,632
 1,273
 (171)
Accounts payable, deferred revenue and other accrued liabilities3,799
 (111,264) 62,772
(48,056) (4,192) 52,142
Billings in excess of costs and estimated profits earned(3,865) (6,629) 10,240
2,279
 1,329
 (2,245)
Net cash provided by operating activities$64,742
 $155,913
 $269,966
Net cash provided by (used in) operating activities$104,144
 $2,407
 $(40,033)
Cash flows from investing activities          
Capital expenditures for property and equipment(15,102) (24,043) (26,709)
Acquisition of businesses, net of cash acquired(4,072) (60,836) (38,289)
 (60,622) (162,189)
Capital expenditures for property and equipment(16,828) (32,291) (53,792)
Return of investment in unconsolidated subsidiary
 
 9,240
Proceeds from sale of business, property and equipment9,763
 1,821
 12,150
Net cash used in investing activities$(11,137) $(91,306) $(70,691)
Proceeds from the sale of equity investment, business, property and equipment43,237
 9,258
 1,971
Investment in unconsolidated subsidiary
 
 (1,041)
Net cash provided by (used in) investing activities$28,135
 $(75,407) $(187,968)
Cash flows from financing activities          
Borrowings under credit facility
 94,984
 15,423
Repayment of long-term debt
 (120,077) (98,415)
Borrowings of debt137,000
 221,980
 107,431
Repayments of debt(256,900) (211,783) 
Repurchases of stock(623) (6,438) (96,632)(1,094) (2,777) (4,742)
Excess tax benefits from stock based compensation
 (8) 7,742
Proceeds from stock issuance87,676
 5,275
 11,101

 249
 1,491
Payment of capital lease obligation(92) (673) (1,231)
Payment of capital lease obligations(1,197) (1,147) (1,187)
Deferred financing costs(766) 
 (6)
 
 (2,430)
Net cash provided by (used in) financing activities$86,195
 $(26,937) $(162,018)$(122,191) $6,522
 $100,563
     
Effect of exchange rate changes on cash(14,627) (5,000) (260)582
 (1,497) 8,232
Net increase in cash and cash equivalents125,173
 32,670
 36,997
Cash and cash equivalents     
Beginning of period109,249
 76,579
 39,582
End of period$234,422
 $109,249
 $76,579
     
Net increase (decrease) in cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash10,670
 (67,975) (119,206)
Cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash at beginning of period47,241
 115,216
 234,422
Cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash at end of period$57,911
 $47,241
 $115,216
Supplemental cash flow disclosures          
Interest paid26,331
 27,870
 27,628
Income taxes paid (refunded)(6,273) 19,919
 55,576
Cash paid for interest31,940
 30,269
 25,986
Cash paid (refunded) for income taxes3,917
 5,560
 (29,094)
Noncash investing and financing activities          
Acquisition via issuance of stock
 
 177,972
Assets contributed for equity method investment
 18,070
 
Note receivable related to equity method investment transaction4,725
 4,067
 
Accrued purchases of property and equipment797
 929
 765
91
 1,708
 1,398
Accrued consideration for acquisition
 1,070
 

 4,650
 
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.


60



 


Forum Energy Technologies, Inc. and subsidiaries
Consolidated statements of changes in stockholders’ equity
 Common Stock 
Additional
paid in
capital
 Treasury Shares Warrants 
Retained
earnings
 
Accumulated
other
comprehensive
income / (loss)
 
Total
common
Stockholders’ equity
 
Non controlling
Interest
 
Total
Equity
Shares Amount Shares Amount
               (in thousands of dollars, except share information) 
Balance at December 31, 2013 96,306,753
 $964
 $826,028
 (3,585,098) $(30,249) $687
 $525,140
 $7,785
 $1,330,355
 $611
 $1,330,966
(in thousands) Common stock Additional
paid-in
capital
 Treasury stock Retained
earnings (accumulated deficit)
 Accumulated
other
comprehensive
income / (loss)
 Total
common
stockholders’
equity
 Non
controlling
Interest
 Total
equity
Balance at December 31, 2016 $1,037
 $998,169
 $(133,941) $498,174
 $(128,237) $1,235,202
 $559
 $1,235,761
Restricted stock issuance, net of forfeitures 70,179
 1
 (680) 
 
 
 
 
 (679) 
 (679) 3
 (3,152) 
 
 
 (3,149) 
 (3,149)
Stock based compensation expense 
 
 18,770
 
 
 
 
 
 18,770
 
 18,770
Exercised stock options 1,108,045
 11
 9,174
 
 
 
 
 
 9,185
 
 9,185
Exercise of warrants 248,189
 2
 685
 
 
 (687) 
 
 
 
 
Issuance of performance shares 21,603
 
 (70) 
 
 
 
 
 (70) 
 (70)
Shares issued in employee stock purchase plan 110,509
 1
 2,664
 
 
 
 
 
 2,665
 
 2,665
Treasury stock 
 
 
 (4,523,885) (102,231) 
 
 
 (102,231) 
 (102,231)
Excess tax benefits 
 
 7,742
 
 
 
 
 
 7,742
 
 7,742
Change in pension liability 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 (1,110) (1,110) 
 (1,110)
Currency translation adjustment 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 (43,636) (43,636) (58) (43,694)
Net income 
 
 
 
 
 
 174,365
 
 174,365
 12
 174,377
Balance at December 31, 2014 97,865,278
 $979
 $864,313
 (8,108,983) $(132,480) $
 $699,505
 $(36,961) $1,395,356
 $565
 $1,395,921
Restricted stock issuance, net of forfeitures 157,577
 1
 (875) 
 
 
 
 
 (874) 
 (874)
Stock based compensation expense 
 
 21,675
 
 
 
 
 
 21,675
 
 21,675
Stock-based compensation expense 
 20,310
 
 
 
 20,310
 
 20,310
Exercised stock options 419,363
 4
 3,618
 
 
 
 
 
 3,622
 
 3,622
 2
 1,489
 
 
 
 1,491
 
 1,491
Issuance of performance shares 17,282
 
 (22) 
 
 
 
 
 (22) 
 (22) 3
 (1,244) 
 
 
 (1,241) 
 (1,241)
Shares issued in employee stock purchase plan 146,402
 2
 2,547
 
 
 
 
 
 2,549
 
 2,549
 1
 1,912
 
 
 
 1,913
 
 1,913
Shares issued for acquisition 117
 177,855
 

 

 

 177,972
 
 177,972
Sale of non-controlling interest 
 
 
 
 
 
 (559) (559)
Treasury stock 
 
 
 (36,819) (838) 
 
 
 (838) 
 (838) 
 
 (352) 
 
 (352) 
 (352)
Excess tax benefits 
 
 (8) 
 
 
 
 
 (8) 
 (8)
Change in pension liability 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 46
 46
 
 46
 
 
 
 
 107
 107
 
 107
Currency translation adjustment 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 (45,133) (45,133) (137) (45,270) 
 
 
 
 36,163
 36,163
 
 36,163
Net Loss 
 
 
 
 
 
 (119,353) 
 (119,353) (31) (119,384) 
 
 
 (59,400) 
 (59,400) 
 (59,400)
Balance at December 31, 2015 98,605,902
 $986
 $891,248
 (8,145,802) $(133,318) $

$580,152
 $(82,048) $1,257,020
 $397
 $1,257,417
Balance at December 31, 2017 $1,163
 $1,195,339
 $(134,293) $438,774
 $(91,967) $1,409,016
 $
 $1,409,016
Restricted stock issuance, net of forfeitures 670,769
 6
 (1,051) 
 
 
 
 
 (1,045) 
 (1,045) 7
 (2,370) 
 
 
 (2,363) 
 (2,363)
Stock based compensation expense 
 
 20,535
 
 
 
 
 
 20,535
 
 20,535
Stock-based compensation expense 
 19,927
 
 
 
 19,927
 
 19,927
Exercised stock options 151,335
 2
 1,710
 
 
 
 
 
 1,712
 
 1,712
 
 249
 
 
 
 249
 
 249
Issuance of performance shares 42,443
 1
 (48) 
 
 
 
 
 (47) 
 (47) 2
 (275) 
 
 
 (273) 
 (273)
Shares issued in employee stock purchase plan 186,679
 2
 1,976
 
 
 
 
 
 1,978
 
 1,978
 2
 1,933
 
 
 
 1,935
 
 1,935
Equity offering 4,025,000
 40
 85,038
 
 
 
 
 
 85,078
 
 85,078
Contingent shares issued for acquisition of Cooper 
 125
       125
   125
Treasury stock 
 
 
 (29,161) (623) 
 
 
 (623) 
 (623) 
 
 (141) 
 
 (141) 
 (141)
Excess tax benefits 
 
 (1,239) 
 
 
 
 
 (1,239) 
 (1,239)
Adjustment for adoption of ASU 2016-16 (Intra-entity asset transfers) 
 
 
 (1,006) 
 (1,006) 
 (1,006)
Change in pension liability 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 (335) (335) 
 (335) 
 
 
 
 1,489
 1,489
 
 1,489
Currency translation adjustment 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 (45,854) (45,854) 132
 (45,722) 
 
 
 
 (24,752) (24,752) 
 (24,752)
Net Loss 
 
 
 
 
 
 (81,978) 
 (81,978) 30
 (81,948) 
 
 
 (374,080) 
 (374,080) 
 (374,080)
Balance at December 31, 2016 103,682,128
 $1,037
 $998,169
 (8,174,963) $(133,941) $
 $498,174
 $(128,237) $1,235,202
 $559
 $1,235,761
Balance at December 31, 2018 $1,174
 $1,214,928
 $(134,434) $63,688
 $(115,230) $1,030,126
 $
 $1,030,126
Restricted stock issuance, net of forfeitures 9
 (1,044) 
 
 
 (1,035) 
 (1,035)
Stock-based compensation expense 
 15,846
 
 
 
 15,846
 
 15,846
Shares issued in employee stock purchase plan 5
 1,546
 
 
 
 1,551
 
 1,551
Contingent shares issued for acquisition of Cooper 1
 374
 
 
 
 375
 
 375
Treasury stock 
 
 (59) 
 
 (59) 
 (59)
Change in pension liability 
 
 
 
 (1,666) (1,666) 
 (1,666)
Currency translation adjustment 
 
 
 
 7,958
 7,958
 
 7,958
Net Loss 
 
 
 (567,057) 
 (567,057) 
 (567,057)
Balance at December 31, 2019 $1,189
 $1,231,650
 $(134,493) $(503,369) $(108,938) $486,039
 $
 $486,039
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.


61

Table of Contents
Forum Energy Technologies, Inc. and subsidiaries
Notes to consolidated financial statements




1. Nature of operationsOperations
Forum Energy Technologies, Inc. (the "Company"“Company”), a Delaware corporation, is a global oilfield products company, serving the drilling, downhole, subsea, completion,completions and production and infrastructure sectors of the oil and natural gas industry. The Company designs, manufactures and distributes products, and engages in aftermarket services, parts supply and related services that complement the Company’s product offering.
2. Summary of significant accounting policiesSignificant Accounting Policies
Basis of presentation
The accompanying consolidated financial statements are prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America ("GAAP"(“GAAP”).
Principles of consolidation
The consolidated financial statements include the accounts of the Company and its wholly and majority owned subsidiaries after elimination of intercompany balances and transactions. Noncontrolling interest principally representsrepresented ownership by others of the equity in oura consolidated majority owned South African subsidiary.subsidiary which we sold in the first quarter of 2017.
The Company's investmentOur investments in an operating entityentities where the Company haswe have the ability to exert significant influence, but doesdo not control operating and financial policies, isare accounted for using the equity method. The Company'smethod of accounting with our share of the net income of this entity is recorded as "Earningsreported in “Earnings (loss) from equity investment"investments” in the consolidated statements of comprehensive income (loss). The investmentloss and the investments reported in this entity is included in "Investment“Investment in unconsolidated subsidiary"subsidiary” in the consolidated balance sheets. The Company reports itsCompany’s share of equity earnings are reported within operating incomeloss as the investee's operations of investees are similar in natureintegral to the operations of the Company.
Prior to acquiring the remaining membership interest of Global Tubing, LLC (“Global Tubing”) on October 2, 2017, the Company’s investment was accounted for using the equity method of accounting.
On January 3, 2018, the Company contributed Forum Subsea Rentals (“FSR”) into Ashtead Technology, a competing business, in exchange for a 40% interest in the combined business. After the merger, our interest in the combined business was accounted for using the equity method of accounting. On September 3, 2019, we sold our aggregate 40% interest in Ashtead to the majority owners of Ashtead. As of December 31, 2019, we have no investments in unconsolidated subsidiaries. Refer to Note 4 Acquisitions & Dispositions for further discussion.
Use of estimates
The preparation of financial statements in conformity with GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities as of the date of the financial statements and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting period.
In the preparation of these consolidated financial statements, estimates and assumptions have been made by management including, among others, costs to complete contracts, an assessment of percentage of completion of projects, the selection of useful lives of tangible and intangible assets, fair value of reporting units used for goodwill impairment testing, fair value associated with business combinations, expected future cash flows from long lived assets to support impairment tests, provisions necessary for trade receivables, amounts of deferred taxes and income tax contingencies. Actual results could differ from these estimates.
The financial reporting of contracts depends on estimates, which are assessed continually during the term of those contracts. RecognizedThe amounts of revenues and income recognized are subject to revisions as the contract progresses to completion and changes in estimates are reflected in the period in which the facts that give rise to the revisions become known. Additional information that enhances and refines the estimating process that is obtained after the balance sheet date, but before issuance of the consolidated financial statements is reflected in the consolidated financial statements.
Cash and cash equivalents
Cash and cash equivalents consist of cash on deposit and high quality, short term money market instruments with an original maturity of three months or less. Cash equivalents are stated at cost plus accrued interest, which approximatesbased on quoted market prices, a Level 1 fair value.value measure.


62

Table of Contents
Forum Energy Technologies, Inc. and subsidiaries
Notes to consolidated financial statements (continued)


Accounts receivable-trade
Trade accounts receivables are carried at their estimated collectible amounts. Trade credit is generally extended on a short-term basis; thus receivables do not bear interest, although a finance charge may be applied to amounts past due. The Company maintainsWe maintain an allowance for doubtful accounts for estimated losses that may result from the inability of itsour customers to make required payments. Such allowances are based upon several factors including, but not limited to, credit approval practices, industry and customer historical experience as well as the current and projected financial condition of the specific customer. Accounts receivable outstanding longer than contractual terms are considered past due. The Company writesWe write off accounts receivable to the allowance for doubtful accounts when they become uncollectible. Any payments subsequently received on receivables previously written off are credited to bad debt expense.
The change in amounts of the allowance for doubtful accounts during the three year period ended December 31, 20162019 is as follows (in thousands):
Period ended Balance at beginning of period Charged to expense Deductions or other Balance at end of period
December 31, 2017 $3,331
 $2,903
 $(439) $5,795
December 31, 2018 5,795
 3,342
 (1,705) 7,432
December 31, 2019 7,432
 3,152
 (1,536) 9,048
Period ended Balance at beginning of period Charged to expense Deductions or other Balance at end of period
December 31, 2014 $5,725
 $2,492
 $(2,571) $5,646
December 31, 2015 5,646
 4,358
 (1,885) 8,119
December 31, 2016 8,119
 485
 (5,273) 3,331

Inventories
Inventory consisting of finished goods and materials and supplies held for resale is carried at the lower of cost or market.net realizable value. For certain operations, cost, which includes the cost of raw materials and labor for finished goods, is determined using standard cost which approximates a first-in first-out basis. For other operations, this cost is determined on an average cost, first-in first-out or specific identification basis. Market means current replacement cost except that (1) market should not exceed netNet realizable value means estimated selling price in the ordinary course of business, less reasonably predictable cost of completion, disposal, and (2) market should not be less than net realizable value reduced by an allowance for a normal profit margin. The Companytransportation. We continuously evaluatesevaluate inventories based on an analysis of inventory levels, historical sales experience and future sales forecasts, to determine obsolete, slow-moving and excess inventory. Adjustments to reduce such inventory to its estimated recoverablenet realizable value have been recorded by management.recorded.
Property and equipment
Property and equipment are stated at cost less accumulated depreciation. Equipment held under capitalCapital leases of property and equipment are stated at the present value of future minimum lease payments. Expenditures for property and equipment and for items which substantially increase the useful lives of existing assets are capitalized at cost and depreciated over their estimated useful life utilizing the straight-line method. Routine expenditures for repairs and maintenance are expensed as incurred. Depreciation is computed using the straight-line method based on the estimated useful lives of assets, generally three3 to thirty30 years. Property and equipment held under capital leases are amortized straight-line over the shorter of the lease term or estimated useful life of the asset. Gains or losses resulting from the disposition of assets are recognized in income andwith the related asset cost and accumulated depreciation are removed from the accounts.balance sheet. Assets acquired in connection with business combinations are recorded at fair value.
Rental equipment consists of equipment leasedrented to customers under operating leases.short-term rental agreements. Rental equipment is recorded at cost and depreciated using the straight-line method over the estimated useful life of three to ten years.
The Company reviewsWe review long-lived assets for potential impairment whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying amount of a long-lived asset may not be recoverable. In performing the review for impairment, future cash flows expected to result from the use of the asset and its eventual disposal are estimated. If the undiscounted future cash flows are less than the carrying amount of the assets, there is an indication that the asset may be impaired. The amount of the impairment is measured as the difference between the carrying value and the estimated fair value of the asset. The fair value is determined either through the use of an external valuation, or by means of an analysis of discounted future cash flows based on expected utilization. The impairment loss recognized represents the excess of the assets carrying value as compared to its estimated fair value. For the year ended December 31, 2016, the Company recorded an impairment loss of $4.3 million related to an operation in South Africa and one of the Company's Texas facilities.
For the years ended December 31, 20152019, we recognized property and 2014, no impairmentsequipment impairment charges totaling $7.9 million, which are included in “Impairments of goodwill, intangible assets, property and equipment” in the consolidated statements of comprehensive loss. See Note 6 Property and Equipment for further information related to these charges.
No significant impairment charges were recorded.recorded for the years ended December 31, 2018 and 2017.
To the extent that asset retirement obligations are incurred, the Company records
63

Table of Contents
Forum Energy Technologies, Inc. and subsidiaries
Notes to consolidated financial statements (continued)

We record the fair value of an asset retirement obligationobligations as a liability in the period in which the associated legal obligation is incurred. The fair valuesvalue of these

63

Table of Contents
Forum Energy Technologies, Inc. and subsidiaries
Notes to consolidated financial statements (continued)

obligations arethe obligation is recorded as liabilities on a discounted basis. The costs associated with these liabilities areliability and capitalized as part of the related assets and depreciated.asset. Over time, the liabilities areliability is accreted for any change in their present value.to its future value and the capitalized cost is depreciated over the estimated useful life of the related asset. The current portion of the liability is included in other accrued liabilities and the non-current portion is included in other long-term liabilities onin the consolidated balance sheets.
Goodwill and intangible assets
For goodwill and intangible assets with indefinite lives, an assessment for impairment is performed annually or when there is an indication an impairment may have occurred. The Company completes itsWe use an assessment date of October 1 for our annual impairment test for goodwill and other indefinite-lived intangibles using an assessment date of October 1.intangible assets. Goodwill is reviewed for impairment by comparing the carrying value of each of our six7 reporting unit’sunits’ net assets, (includingincluding allocated goodwill)goodwill, to the estimated fair value of the reporting unit. TheWe determine the fair value of theour reporting units is determined using a discounted cash flow approach. We selected this valuation approach because we believe it, combined with our best judgment regarding underlying assumptions and estimates, provides the best estimate of fair value for each of our reporting units. Determining the fair value of a reporting unit requires the use of estimates and assumptions. Such estimates and assumptions include revenue growth rates, future operating margins, the weighted average costscost of capital, a terminal growth rate,value, and future market conditions, among others. The Company believesWe believe that the estimates and assumptions used in our impairment assessments are reasonable. If the reporting unit’s carrying value is greater than its calculated fair value, a second step is performed whereby the implied fair value of goodwill is estimated by allocating the fair value of the reporting unit in a hypothetical purchase price allocation analysis. The Company recognizeswe recognize a goodwill impairment charge for the amount by which the carrying value of goodwill exceeds its fair value. Any impairment losses are reflected in operating income.
At October 1, 2016,For the Company performed the annual impairment test on each of its reporting units and concluded that there had been no impairment because the estimated fair value of each of those reporting units exceeded its carrying value. As such, no impairment losses were recorded on goodwill for the yearyears ended December 31, 2016. If the market conditions do not improve further, however,2019, 2018 and 2017, we may have additionalrecognized goodwill impairment charges totaling $471.0 million, $298.8 million and $68.0 million, respectively, which are included in our Subsea reporting unit“Impairments of goodwill, intangible assets, property and equipment” in the future.
Forconsolidated statements of comprehensive loss. See Note 7 Goodwill and Intangible Assets for further information related to these charges. Following the year ended December 31, 2015, the Company performed the impairment test on all six reporting units, and recorded $123.2 million of impairment losses for its Subsea reporting unit. In 2014, no goodwill impairment losses were recorded.charges recognized in the third quarter of 2019, there is no remaining goodwill balance for any of our reporting units.
Intangible assets with definite lives are comprised of customer and distributor relationships, patents and technology, trade names, trademarks and non-compete agreements and patentswhich are amortized on a straight-line basis over the life of the intangible asset, generally threetwo to seventeentwenty-two years. These assets are tested for impairment whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that their carrying amount may not be recoverable. In performing the fourth quarterreview for impairment, future cash flows expected to result from the use of 2015, $1.9the asset are estimated. If the undiscounted future cash flows are less than the carrying amount of the assets, there is an indication that the asset may be impaired. The amount of the impairment is measured as the difference between the carrying value and the estimated fair value of the asset. The fair value is determined either through the use of an external valuation, or by means of an analysis of discounted future cash flows. The impairment loss recognized represents the excess of an assets’ carrying value as compared to its estimated fair value.
For the years ended December 31, 2019, 2018 and 2017, we recognized intangible asset impairment charges totaling $53.5 million, $64.7 million and $1.1 million, respectively, which are included in “Impairments of goodwill, intangible assets, were written offproperty and equipment” in the consolidated statements of comprehensive loss. See Note 7 Goodwill and Intangible Assets for further information related to trade names no longer in use. No impairments to intangible assets were recorded in 2016 and 2014. Refer to Note 7, Goodwill and intangible assets, for further discussion.these charges.
Recognition of provisions for contingencies
In the ordinary course of business, the Company iswe are subject to various claims, suits and complaints. The Company,We, in consultation with internal and external legal advisors, will provide for a contingent loss in the consolidated financial statements if, at the date of the consolidated financial statements, it is probable that a liability has been incurred at the date of the consolidated financial statements and the amount can be reasonably estimated. If it is determined that the reasonable estimate of the loss is a range and that there is no best estimate within thethat range, a provision will be made for the lower amount of the range. Legal costs are expensed as incurred.
An assessment is made of the areas where potential claims may arise under the contract warranty clauses. Where a specific risk is identified, and the potential for a claim is assessed as probable and can be reasonably estimated, an appropriate warranty provision is recorded. Warranty provisions are eliminated at the end of the warranty period except where warranty claims are still outstanding. The liability for product warranty is included in other accrued liabilities onin the consolidated balance sheets.
Changes in the Company’s warranty liability were as follows (in thousands):
Period ended Balance at beginning of period Charged to expense Deductions or other Balance at end of period
December 31, 2014 $5,280
 $2,588
 $(2,554) $5,314
December 31, 2015 5,314
 5,539
 (5,156) 5,697
December 31, 2016 5,697
 4,031
 (6,504) 3,224


64

Table of Contents
Forum Energy Technologies, Inc. and subsidiaries
Notes to consolidated financial statements (continued)


Revenue recognition and deferred revenue
Revenue is recognized in accordance with Accounting Standards Codification Topic 606 (“ASC 606”), when allcontrol of the following criteria have been met: (a) persuasive evidence ofpromised goods or services is transferred to our customers, in an arrangement exists, (b) deliveryamount that reflects the consideration we expect to be entitled to in exchange for those goods or services.
Contract Identification. We account for a contract when it is approved, both parties are committed, the rights of the equipmentparties are identified, payment terms are defined, the contract has occurredcommercial substance and collection of consideration is probable.
Performance Obligations. A performance obligation is a promise in a contract to transfer a distinct good or service to the customer under ASC 606. The majority of our contracts with customers contain a single performance obligation to provide agreed-upon products or services. For contracts with multiple performance obligations, we allocate revenue to each performance obligation based on its relative standalone selling price. In accordance with ASC 606, we do not assess whether promised goods or services have been rendered, (c)are performance obligations if they are immaterial in the pricecontext of the contract with the customer. We have elected to apply the practical expedient to account for shipping and handling costs associated with outbound freight after control of a product has transferred to a customer as a fulfillment cost which is included in Cost of Sales. Furthermore, since our customer payment terms are short-term in nature, we have also elected to apply the practical expedient which allows an entity to not adjust for the effects of a significant financing component if it expects that the customer’s payment period will be less than one year in duration.
Contract Value. Revenue is measured based on the amount of consideration specified in the contracts with our customers and excludes any amounts collected on behalf of third parties. We have elected the practical expedient to exclude amounts collected from customers for all sales (and other similar) taxes.
The estimation of total revenue from a customer contract is subject to elements of variable consideration. Certain customers may receive rebates or discounts which are accounted for as variable consideration. We estimate variable consideration as the most likely amount to which we expect to be entitled, and we include estimated amounts in the transaction price to the extent it is probable that a significant reversal of cumulative revenue will not occur when the uncertainty associated with the variable consideration is resolved. Our estimate of variable consideration and determination of whether to include estimated amounts in the transaction price are based largely on an assessment of our anticipated performance and all information (historic, current, forecast) that is reasonably available to us.
Timing of Recognition. We recognize revenue when we satisfy a performance obligation by transferring control of a product or service is fixed and determinable and (d) collectability is reasonably assured. to a customer. Our performance obligations are satisfied at a point in time or over time as work progresses.
Revenue from goods transferred to customers at a point in time accounted for 96% of revenues for the year ended December 31, 2019. The majority of this revenue is product sales, including shipping costs, iswhich are generally recognized as title passes to the customer, which generally occurs when items are shipped from our facilities and title passes to the Company’s facilities. customer. The amount of revenue recognized for products is adjusted for expected returns, which are estimated based on historical data.
Revenue from servicesgoods transferred to customers over time accounted for 4% of revenues for the year ended December 31, 2019, which is recognized whenrelated to certain contracts in our Subsea and Production Equipment product lines. Recognition over time for these contracts is supported by our assessment of the service isproducts supplied as having no alternative use to us and by clauses in the contracts that provide us with an enforceable right to payment for performance completed to date. We use the customer’s specifications.
Customerscost-to-cost method to measure progress for these contracts because it best depicts the transfer of assets to the customer which occurs as costs are sometimes billed in advance of services performed or products manufactured, and the Company recognizes the associated liability as deferred revenue.
Revenue generated from long-term contracts typically longer than six months in duration are recognizedincurred on the percentage-of-completion methodcontract. The amount of accounting. The Company recognizesrevenue recognized is calculated based on the ratio of costs incurred to-date compared to total estimated costs which requires management to calculate reasonably dependable estimates of total contract costs. Whenever revisions of estimated contract costs and contract values indicate that the contract costs will exceed estimated revenues, thus creating a loss, a provision for the total estimated loss is recorded in that period. We recognize revenue and cost of goods soldsales each period based upon the advancement of the work-in-progress unless the stage of completion is insufficient to enable a reasonably certain forecast of profit to be established. In such cases, no profit is recognized during the period. The percentage-of-completion is calculated based on
Accounting estimates during the ratiocourse of costs incurred to-date to total estimated costs, taking into account the level of completion. The percentage-of-completion method requires management to calculate reasonably dependable estimates of progress toward completion of contract revenues and contract costs. Whenever revisions of estimated contract costs and contract values indicate that the contract costs will exceed estimated revenues, thus creating a loss, a provision for the total estimated loss is recorded in that period.
Primarilyprojects may change, primarily related to theour remotely operated vehicles ("ROVs"(“ROVs”), which may take longer to manufacture, accounting estimates during the course of the project may change.manufacture. The effect of such a change, which can be upward as well as downward, is accounted for in the period of change, and the cumulative income recognized to date is adjusted to reflect the latest estimates. These revisions to estimates are accounted for on a prospective basis.
OnContracts are sometimes modified to account for changes in product specifications or requirements. Most of our contract modifications are for goods and services that are not distinct from the existing contract. As such, these modifications

65

Table of Contents
Forum Energy Technologies, Inc. and subsidiaries
Notes to consolidated financial statements (continued)

are accounted for as if they were part of the existing contract, and therefore, the effect of the modification on the transaction price and our measure of progress for the performance obligation to which it relates is recognized as an adjustment to revenue on a cumulative catch-up basis. No adjustment to any one contract was material to our consolidated financial statements for the years ended December 31, 2019, 2018 and 2017.
We sell our products through a number of channels including a direct sales force, marketing representatives, and distributors. We have elected to expense sales commissions when incurred as the amortization period would be less than one year. These costs are recorded within cost of sales.
Portfolio Approach. We have elected to apply ASC 606 to a portfolio of contracts with similar characteristics as we reasonably expect that the effects on the financial statements of applying this guidance to the portfolio would not differ materially from applying this guidance to the individual contracts within that portfolio.
Disaggregated Revenue. Refer to Note 17 Business Segments for disaggregated revenue by product line and geography.
Contract Balances. Contract balances are determined on a contract by contract basis, cost and profit in excess of billings represents the cumulativebasis. Contract assets represent revenue recognized lessfor goods and services provided to our customers when payment is conditioned on something other than the cumulative billingspassage of time. Similarly, when we receive consideration, or such consideration is unconditionally due, from a customer prior to transferring goods or services to the customer. Similarly,customer under the terms of a sales contract, we record a contract liability. Such contract liabilities typically result from billings in excess of costs incurred and profits represent the cumulative billings to the customer less the cumulative revenue recognized.
Revenue from the rental of equipment or providing of services is recognized over the period when the asset is rented or services are rendered and collectability is reasonably assured. Rates for asset rental and service provision are pricedadvance payments received on a per day, per man hour, or similar basis.product sales.
Concentration of credit risk
Financial instruments which potentially subject the Company to credit risk include trade accounts receivable. Trade accounts receivable consist of uncollateralized receivables from domestic and internationally basedinternational customers. For the years ended December 31, 2016, 20152019, 2018 and 2014,2017, no one customer accounted for 10% or more of the total revenue or 10% or more of the total accounts receivable balance at the end of the respective period.
Share-basedStock based compensation
The Company measuresWe measure all share-basedstock based compensation awards at fair value on the date they are granted to employees and directors, and recognizesrecognize compensation cost net of forfeitures, over the requisite service period for awards with only a service condition, and over a graded vesting period for awards with service and performance or market conditions.
The fair value of share-basedstock based compensation awards with market conditions is measured using a latticeMonte Carlo Simulation model and, in accordance with Accounting Standards Codification ("ASC"(“ASC”) 718, is not adjusted based on actual achievement of the performance goals. The Black-Scholes option pricing model is used to measure the fair value of options. The followingsections address the assumptions used related to the Black-Scholes option pricing model:
Expected life
The expected term of stock options represents the period the stock options are expected to remain outstanding and is based on the simplified method, which is the weighted average vesting term plus the original contractual term divided by two. The Company uses the simplified method due to a lack of sufficient historical share option exercise experience upon which to estimate an expected term.outstanding.
Expected volatility
Expected volatility measures the amount that a stock price has fluctuated or is expected to fluctuate during a period and is estimated based on a weighted average of the Company'sCompany’s historical stock price.
Dividend yield

65

Table of Contents
Forum Energy Technologies, Inc. and subsidiaries
Notes to consolidated financial statements (continued)

The Company hasWe have never declared or paid any cash dividends and doesdo not plan to pay cash dividends infor the foreseeable future. Therefore, a zero expected dividend yield was used in the valuation model.
Risk-free interest rate
The risk-free interest rate is based on United StatesU.S. Treasury zero-coupon issues with remaining terms similar to the expected term onlife of the options.
Forfeitures
The Company estimates forfeitures at the timeForfeitures are accounted for as they occur.

66

Table of grantContents
Forum Energy Technologies, Inc. and revises those estimates in subsequent periods if actual forfeitures differ from those estimates. The Company uses historical datasubsidiaries
Notes to estimate pre-vesting option forfeitures and record stock-based compensation expense only for those awards that are expected to vest. If the Company’s actual forfeiture rate is materially different from its estimate, the stock-based compensation expense could be different from what the Company has recorded in the current period. Historically, estimated forfeitures have been in line with actual forfeitures.consolidated financial statements (continued)

Income taxes
The Company followsWe follow the liability method of accounting for income taxes. Under this method, deferred income tax assets and liabilities are determined based upon temporary differences between the carrying amounts and tax bases of the Company’sour assets and liabilities at the balance sheet date, and are measured using enacted tax rates and laws that will be in effect when the differences are expected to reverse. The effect on deferred tax assets and liabilities of a change in the tax rates is recognized in income in the period in which the change occurs. The Company recordsWe record a valuation allowance in each reporting period when management believes that it is more likely than not that any deferred tax asset created will not be realized. See Note 10 Income Taxes for more information on valuation allowances recognized.
During 2018, we completed our analysis of the impact of U.S. tax reform enacted in December 2017 based on further guidance provided on the new tax law by the U.S. Treasury Department and Internal Revenue Service. Refer to Note 10 Income Taxes for further discussion.
Accounting guidance for income taxes requires that the Companywe recognize the financial statement benefit of a tax position only after determining that the relevant tax authority would more likely than not sustain the position following an audit. If a tax position meets the "more“more likely than not"not” recognition criteria, accounting guidance requires the tax position be measured at the largest amount of benefit greater than 50% likely of being realized upon ultimate settlement.
Earnings per share
Basic earnings per share for all periods presented equals net income divided by the weighted average number of the shares of the Company’s common stock outstanding during the period. Diluted earnings per share is computed by dividing net income by the weighted average number of shares of the Company’s common stock outstanding during the period as adjusted for the dilutive effect of the Company’s stock options, restricted share plans.
The exercise price of each option is based on the Company’s stock price at the date of grant. There is no dilutive effect for 2016 and 2015 since the Company is in a net loss position. The diluted earnings per share calculation excludes approximately 0.5 million stock options for the year ended December 31, 2014, because they were anti-dilutive as the option exercise price or warrant conversion price was greater than the average market price of the common stock.
The following is a reconciliation of the number of shares used for the basic and diluted earnings per share computations (shares in thousands):
  December 31,
  2016 2015 2014
Basic weighted average shares outstanding 91,226
 89,908
 92,628
Dilutive effect of stock option, restricted share plan and warrants 
 
 2,680
Diluted weighted average shares outstanding 91,226
 89,908
 95,308
Non-U.S. local currency translation
The Company operates globallyWe have global operations and its primary functional currency is the U.S. dollar ($). The majority of the Company’sour non-U.S. operations have designated the local currency as theirthe functional currency. Realized and unrealized gains and losses resulting from re-measurements of monetary assets and liabilities denominated in a currency other than the local entity’s functional currency are included in the consolidated statements of comprehensive loss as incurred.
Financial statements of these non-U.S.our foreign operations where the functional currency is not the U.S. dollar are translated into U.S. dollars using the current rate method whereby assets and liabilities are translated at the balance sheet rate and income and expenses are translated into U.S. dollars at the average exchange rates in effect during the period. The resultant translation adjustments are reported as a component of accumulated other comprehensive income (loss)loss within stockholders’ equity.

66

Table of Contents
Forum Energy Technologies, Inc. and subsidiaries
Notes to consolidated financial statements (continued)

Noncontrolling interest
Noncontrolling interests are classified as equity in theour consolidated balance sheets. Net earnings include the net earnings for both controlling and noncontrolling interests, with disclosure of both amounts on the consolidated statements of comprehensive income (loss).
Fair value
The carrying amounts for financial instruments classified as current assets and current liabilities approximate fair value, due to the short maturity of such instruments. The book values of other financial instruments, such as the Company’sour debt related to the credit facility,Credit Facility, approximates fair value because interest rates charged are similar to other financial instruments with similar terms and maturities and the rates vary in accordance with a market index.
For the financial assets and liabilities disclosed at fair value, fair value is determined as the exit price, or the price that would be received to sell an asset or paid to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction between market participants at the measurement date. The established fair value hierarchy divides fair value measurement into three broad levels:
Level 1 - inputs are quoted prices (unadjusted) in active markets for identical assets or liabilities that the reporting entity has the ability to access at the measurement date;
Level 2 - inputs other than quoted prices included within Level 1 that are observable for the assetsasset or liability, either directly or indirectly; and
Level 3 - inputs are unobservable for the asset or liability, which reflect the best judgment of management.
The financial assets and liabilities that are disclosed at fair value for disclosure purposes are categorized in one of the above three levels based on the lowest level input that is significant to the fair value measurement in its entirety. Level 1 provides the most reliable measure of fair value, whereas Level 3 generally requires significant management judgment.
Recent accounting pronouncements
From time to time, new accounting pronouncements are issued by the Financial Accounting Standards Board ("FASB"(“FASB”), which are adopted by the Companywe adopt as of the specified effective date.
In November 2016, Unless otherwise discussed, management believes that the FASBimpact of recently issued ASU No. 2016-18 Statement of Cash Flows (Topic 230) - Restricted Cash a consensus of the FASB Emerging Issues Task Force. This new guidance requires that a statement of cash flows explain the change during the period in the total of cash, cash equivalents, and amounts generally described as restricted cash or restricted cash equivalents. Therefore, amounts generally described as restricted cash and restricted cash equivalents should be included with cash and cash equivalents when reconciling the beginning-of-period and end-of-period total amounts shown on the statement of cash flows. ASU 2016-18 isstandards, which are not yet effective, for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2018, and interim periods within fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2019 and iswill not expected to have a material impact on the Company'sour consolidated financial statements.statements upon adoption.
In October 2016, the FASB issued ASU No. 2016-16 Income Tax (Topic 740) - Intra-Entity Transfers of Assets Other Than Inventory. Current GAAP prohibits the recognition of current and deferred income taxes for an intra-entity asset transfer until the asset has been sold to an outside party.This new guidance eliminates this exception and requires an entity to recognize the income tax consequences of an intra-entity transfer of an asset other than inventory when the transfer occurs. ASU 2016-16 is effective for annual reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2017, including interim reporting periods within those annual reporting periods, and should be applied on a modified retrospective basis through a cumulative-effect adjustment directly to retained earnings as of the beginning of the period of adoption. The ASU is not expected to have a material impact on the Company's consolidated financial statements.
In August 2016, the FASB issued Accounting Standards Update ("ASU") No. 2016-15 Cash Flow Statement (Topic 230) - Classification of Certain Cash Receipts and Cash Payments. This new guidance addresses eight specific cash flow issues with the objective of reducing the existing diversityAdopted in practice, including: debt prepayment or debt extinguishment costs, settlement of zero-coupon debt instruments or other debt instruments, contingent consideration payments made after a business combination, proceeds from the settlement of insurance claims, proceeds from the settlement of corporate-owned life insurance policies, distributions received from equity method investees, beneficial interests in securitization transactions, and separately identifiable cash flows and application of the predominance principle. The only issue currently relevant to the Company is distributions received from equity method investees, where the new guidance allows an accounting policy election between the cumulative earnings approach and the nature of the distribution approach. The Company will continue to use the cumulative earnings approach, therefore the guidance is not expected to have a material impact on the Company's consolidated financial statements. ASU2019


67

Table of Contents
Forum Energy Technologies, Inc. and subsidiaries
Notes to consolidated financial statements (continued)


2016-15 is effective for public business entities for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2017,Stranded Tax Effects from the Tax Cuts and interim periods within those fiscal years.
Jobs Act. In May 2016,February 2018, the FASB issued ASU No. 2016-11 Revenue Recognition (Topic 605)2018-02 Reclassification of Certain Tax Effects from Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income. U.S. GAAP requires deferred tax liabilities and Derivativesassets to be adjusted for the effect of a change in tax laws or rates, with the effect included in income from continuing operations in the reporting period that includes the enactment date, even in situations in which the related income tax effects of items in accumulated other comprehensive income were originally recognized in other comprehensive income (referred to as “stranded tax effects”). The amendments in this ASU allow a specific exception for reclassification from accumulated other comprehensive income to retained earnings for stranded tax effects resulting from the Tax Cuts and Hedging (Topic 815) - RescissionJobs Act. The underlying guidance that requires that the effect of SEC Guidance Becausea change in tax laws or rates be included in income from continuing operations is not affected. In addition, the amendments in this update also require certain disclosures about stranded tax effects. We applied the update beginning January 1, 2019. The adoption of Accounting Standards Updates No. 2014-09 and No. 2014-16 Pursuant to Staff Announcements at the March 3, 2016 EITF Meeting. Thisthis new guidance rescinded certain SEC staff observer comments in Topic 605 related to revenue and expense recognition for freight services in process and accounting for shipping and handling fees and costs, in Topic 932 related to gas-balancing arrangements, and in Topic 815 related to the nature of a host contract related to a hybrid instrument issued in the form of a share. ASU 2016-11 is effective upon adoption of Topic 606 and is not expected to have ahad no material impact on the Company'sour consolidated financial statements.
In March 2016, the FASB issued ASU No. 2016-09, Improvements to Employee Share-Based Payment Accounting.  This new guidance includes provisions intended to simplify how share-based payments are accounted for and presented in the financial statements, including: a) all excess tax benefits and tax deficiencies should be recognized as income tax expense or benefit in the income statement; b) excess tax benefits should be classified along with other income tax cash flows as an operating activity; c) an entity can make an entity-wide accounting policy election to either estimate the number of awards that are expected to vest or account for forfeitures when they occur; d) the threshold to qualify for equity classification permits withholding up to the maximum statutory tax rates in the applicable jurisdictions; e) cash paid by an employer should be classified as a financing activity when shares are directly withheld for tax withholding purposes. There are also two additional provisions for non-public entities that do not apply to the Company. The element of the new standard that will have the most impact on Company's financial statements will be income tax consequences. Excess tax benefits and tax deficiencies on stock-based compensation awards will now be included in the tax provision within the consolidated statement of comprehensive income, rather than the Company's current accounting of recording in additional paid-in capital on the consolidated balance sheet. The standard will take effect for public companies for annual periods beginning after December 15, 2016, and interim periods within those annual periods.
Leases. In February 2016, the FASB issued ASU No. 2016-02, Leases.Leases (“ASU 842”). Under this new guidance, lessees will beare required to recognize assets and liabilities on the balance sheet for the rights and obligations created by all leases (finance and operating). The classification as either a finance or operating lease determines whether lease expense is recognized on an effective interest method basis or on a straight-line basis over the term of the lease, respectively.
We adopted this new standard as of January 1, 2019 using the modified retrospective transition method which requires leases existing at, or entered into after, January 1, 2019 to be recognized and measured. As such, the comparative information has not been restated and continues to be reported under the accounting standards in effect for those periods. We took advantage of various practical expedients provided by the new standard, including:
use of the transition package of practical expedients which, among other things, allows us to carry forward the historical lease classification for existing leases;
making an accounting policy election for leases with termsan initial term of greater than twelve months. 12 months or less to be excluded from the balance sheet; and
electing to not separate non-lease components from lease components for all classes of underlying lease assets.
The adoption of this standard resulted in the recording of net operating lease assets of approximately $54 million and operating lease liabilities of approximately$65 million as of January 1, 2019. The new standard did not materially affect our consolidated statements of comprehensive loss for the year ended December 31, 2019. For additional information, please refer to Note 9 Leases.
Accounting Standards Issued But Not Yet Adopted
Accounting for Implementation Costs Related to a Cloud Computing Arrangement. In August 2018, the FASB issued ASU No. 2018-15 Customer’s Accounting for Implementation Costs Incurred in a Cloud Computing Arrangement that is a Service Contract. This new guidance aligns the requirements for capitalizing implementation costs incurred by an entity related to a cloud computing arrangement with the requirements for capitalizing implementation costs incurred to develop or obtain internal-use software. Accordingly, this guidance requires an entity to capitalize certain implementation costs incurred and then amortize them over the term of the cloud hosting arrangement. Furthermore, this guidance also requires an entity to present the expense, cash flows, and capitalized implementation costs in the same financial statement line items as the associated hosting service. This new guidance will take effect for public companies with fiscal years, and interim periods within those fiscal years, beginning after December 15, 2018.2019, and early adoption is permitted. The Company isamendments in this update should be applied either retrospectively or prospectively to all implementation costs incurred after the date of adoption. We are currently evaluating the impact of adopting this guidance. However, we currently expect that the adoption of this guidance.
In August 2014, the FASB issued ASU No. 2014-15, Presentation of Financial Statements - Going Concern. The new standard requires management to evaluate whether there are conditions or events that raise substantial doubt as to an entity's ability to continue as a going concern for both annual and interim reporting periods. The guidance was effective for the Company for the annual period ending after December 15, 2016 and interim periods thereafter. The guidance didwill not have a material impact on the Company'sour consolidated financial statements.
Fair Value Measurement Disclosure. In May 2014,August 2018, the FASB issued ASU No. 2014-09, Revenue from Contracts with Customers2018-13 Fair Value Measurement (Topic 606).820) - Disclosure Framework - Changes to the Disclosure Requirement for Fair Value Measurement. This new guidance eliminated, modified and added certain disclosure requirements related to fair value measurements. The comprehensive new standard will supersede existing revenue recognition guidance and require revenue to be recognized when promised goods or servicesamended disclosure requirements are transferred to customers in amounts that reflect the consideration to which the company expects to be entitled in exchangeeffective for those goods or services. Adoption of the new rules could affect the timing of revenue recognitionall entities for certain transactions. The guidance permits two implementation approaches, one requiring retrospective application of the new standard with restatement of priorfiscal years, and one requiring prospective application of the new standard with disclosure of results under old standards. The FASB issued several subsequent standards in 2016 containing implementation guidance related to the new standard. These standards provide additional guidance related to principal versus agent considerations, licensing, and identifying performance obligations. Additionally, these standards provide narrow-scope improvements and practical expedients as well as technical corrections and improvements. Overall, the new guidance is to be effective for the fiscal year beginning after December 15, 2017. Companies are able to early adopt the pronouncement, however not beforeinterim periods within those fiscal years, beginning after December 15, 2016. The Company2019. We are evaluating the impact of adopting this guidance. However, we currently anticipatesexpect that itthe adoption of this guidance will adopt this standard usingnot have a material impact on our consolidated financial statements.
Financial Instruments—Credit Losses. In June 2016, the modified retrospective method.FASB issued ASU No. 2016-13 Financial Instruments—Credit Losses (Topic 326), which introduced an expected credit loss methodology for the impairment of financial assets


68

Table of Contents
Forum Energy Technologies, Inc. and subsidiaries
Notes to consolidated financial statements (continued)


measured at amortized cost basis. It requires an entity to estimate credit losses expected over the life of an exposure based on historical information, current information, and reasonable and supportable forecasts, including estimates of prepayments. The amendments affect loans, debt securities, trade receivables, net investments in leases, off-balance-sheet credit exposures, reinsurance receivables, and any other financial assets not excluded from the scope that have the contractual right to receive cash. This guidance will take effect for public companies with fiscal years, and interim periods within those fiscal years, beginning after December 15, 2019.
The Company is currently evaluating the impact of adopting ASU No. 2016-13 and is in the process of:
reviewing historical data that will be used in the calculation of expected credit loss;
documenting relevant assumptions to calculate expected losses; and
updating policies, procedures and internal controls.
Although we are continuing to asses all potential impacts of the standard, based on our analysis completed to date, we expect the adoption of this guidance will result in a change of less than $4.0 million for the calculation of our allowance for doubtful accounts for trade accounts receivable.
Income Tax. In December 2019, the FASB issued ASU No. 2019-12 Income Taxes (Topic 740) - Disclosure Framework - Simplifying the Accounting for Income Taxes, which simplified the accounting for income taxes by removing certain exceptions to the general principles of Topic 740 and clarifying and amending existing guidance. This guidance will take effect for public companies with fiscal years, and interim periods within those fiscal years, beginning after December 15, 2020. We are currently evaluating the impact of this new guidance. However, we currently expect that the adoption of this guidance will not have a material impact on our consolidated financial statements.
3. Revenues
Disaggregated Revenue
Refer to Note 17 Business Segments for disaggregated revenue by product line and geography.
Contract Balances
The following table reflects the changes in our contract assets and contract liabilities balances for the year ended December 31, 2019:
 December 31, 2019 December 31, 2018 Decrease
   $ %
Accrued revenue$1,260
 $862
    
Costs and estimated profits in excess of billings4,104
 9,159
    
Contract assets$5,364
 $10,021
 $(4,657) (46)%
        
Deferred revenue$4,877
 $8,335
    
Billings in excess of costs and profits recognized5,911
 3,210
    
Contract liabilities$10,788
 $11,545
 $(757) (7)%

During the year ended December 31, 2019, our contract assets decreased by $4.7 million primarily due to the timing of billings on a large project in our Subsea Technologies product line and our contract liabilities decreased by $0.8 million primarily due to a reduction in customer pre-payments in our Drilling Technologies and Stimulation and Intervention product lines.
During the year ended December 31, 2019, we recognized revenue of $6.5 million that was included in the contract liability balance at the beginning of the period.
In the second quarter of 2018, our Subsea Technologies product line received an order to supply a submarine rescue vehicle and related equipment that we expect to deliver in 2020. We use the cost-to-cost method to measure progress on this contract to recognize revenue over time. Other than this contract, all of our other contracts are less than one year in duration. As such, we have elected to apply the practical expedient which allows an entity to exclude disclosures

69


about its remaining performance obligations if the performance obligation is part of a contract that has an original expected duration of one year or less.
4. Acquisitions & Dispositions
Acquisitions
20162018 Acquisition of Houston Global Heat Transfer LLC
In April 2016,On October 5, 2018, we acquired 100% of the Company completedstock of Houston Global Heat Transfer LLC (“GHT”) for total aggregate consideration of $57.3 million, net of cash acquired. The aggregate consideration included the estimated fair value (as of the acquisition date) of certain contingent cash payments due to the wholesale completion packers businessformer owners of Team Oil Tools, Inc. TheGHT if certain conditions are met in 2019 and 2020. Based in Houston, Texas, GHT designs, engineers, and manufactures premium industrial heat exchanger and cooling systems used primarily on hydraulic fracturing equipment. GHT’s flagship product, the Jumbotron, is an innovative cube-style radiator that substantially reduces customer maintenance expense. This acquisition includes a wide variety of completion and service tools, including retrievable and permanent packers, bridge plugs and accessories which are sold to oilfield service providers, packer repair companies and distributors on a global basis, and is included in the Completions segment. TheIn the first quarter of 2019, we updated the estimated fair valuesvalue of the assets acquiredcontingent cash payments and liabilities assumed have not been presented because they are not material torecognized a $4.6 million reduction in the audited consolidated financial statements. Pro forma results of operations for the 2016 acquisition have not been presented because the effects were not material to the consolidated financial statements.
2015 Acquisition
Effectively February 2015, the Company completed the acquisition of J-Mac Tool, Inc. (“J-Mac”) for aggregate consideration of approximately $61.9 million. J-Mac is a Fort Worth, Texas based manufacturer of high quality hydraulic fracturing pumps, power ends, fluid ends and other pump accessories. J-Maccontingent cash liability. This gain is included in contingent consideration benefit in the Completions segment. consolidated statements of comprehensive loss.
The following table summarizes the fair values of the assets acquired and liabilities assumed at the date of the acquisition (in thousands):
Current assets, net of cash acquired $18,468
Property and equipment 2,408
Non-current assets 238
Intangible assets (primarily customer relationships) 30,400
Tax-deductible goodwill 20,746
Current liabilities (12,633)
Long-term liabilities $(2,355)
Net assets acquired, net of cash acquired $57,272
  2015 Acquisition
Current assets, net of cash acquired $36,174
Property and equipment 11,506
Intangible assets (primarily customer relationships) 10,400
Tax-deductible goodwill 13,977
Current liabilities (10,129)
Long term liabilities (22)
Net assets acquired $61,906

Revenue and net income related to the 2015for this acquisition were not significant for the year ended December 31, 2015.2019 and 2018. Pro forma results of operations for the 2015this acquisition have not been presented because the effects were not material to the consolidated financial statements.
20142018 Acquisition of ESP Completion Technologies LLC
Effective May 1, 2014, the Company completed the acquisitionOn July 2, 2018, we acquired certain assets of Quality Wireline & Cable, Inc.ESP Completion Technologies LLC ("Quality"ESPCT"), a subsidiary of C&J Energy Services, for cash consideration of $38.3$8.0 million. Quality isESPCT consists of a Calgary, Alberta based manufacturerportfolio of high-performance cased-hole electro-mechanical wireline cables and specialty cables forearly stage technologies that maximize the oil and natural gas industry. Qualityrun life of artificial lift systems, primarily electric submersible pumps. This acquisition is included in the Drilling & Subseaand Downhole segment. The following table summarizes the fair values of the assets acquired and liabilities assumed atas well as the datepro forma results of operations for this acquisition have not been presented because they are not material to the consolidated financial statements.

70

Table of Contents
Forum Energy Technologies, Inc. and subsidiaries
Notes to consolidated financial statements (continued)

2017 Acquisition of Global Tubing
On October 2, 2017, we acquired all of the remaining ownership interests of Global Tubing, LLC (“Global Tubing”) from our joint venture partner and management for total consideration of approximately $290.3 million. We originally invested in Global Tubing with a joint venture partner in 2013. Prior to acquiring the remaining ownership interest in Global Tubing, we reported this investment using the equity method of accounting. The financial results for Global Tubing are reported in the Completions segment. Located in Dayton, Texas, Global Tubing provides coiled tubing, coiled line pipe and related services to customers worldwide.
The acquisition (in thousands):
  2014 Acquisition
Current assets, net of cash acquired $7,596
Property and equipment 3,837
Intangible assets (primarily customer relationships) 11,527
Non-tax-deductible goodwill 20,573
Current liabilities (1,615)
Deferred tax liabilities (3,629)
Net assets acquired $38,289
Revenueof Global Tubing contributed revenues of $35.5 million and net income relatedof $3.8 million to our consolidated statement of comprehensive loss from the 2014time of acquisition were not significantto December 31, 2017. The following unaudited pro forma summary presents consolidated information as if the Global Tubing acquisition had occurred on January 1, 2016:
  
Pro Forma Year Ended
December 31, 2017
Net sales $901,856
Net loss attributable to common stockholders (125,204)

The pro forma consolidated results of operations amounts have been calculated after applying our accounting policies, and include the following adjustments:
An increase in depreciation and amortization expense resulting from the fair value adjustments of property, plant and equipment and intangible assets recognized as part of the Global Tubing Acquisition;
Removal of earnings from equity investment;
Removal of the historical interest expense from Global Tubing’s historical debt and inclusion of interest expense from the amount borrowed on our Credit Facility to finance the acquisition;
As a result of acquiring the remaining equity interest of Global Tubing, the Company’s previously held equity interest was remeasured to fair value, resulting in a gain of approximately $120.4 million. This gain has been recognized in the consolidated statement of comprehensive loss for the year ended December 31, 2014.2017 and is excluded from the pro forma results above; and
Estimated tax benefits of approximately $45 million to tax-effect the aforementioned pro forma adjustments using an estimated U.S. federal income tax rate of 35%.
The pro forma amounts do not include any potential synergies, cost savings or other expected benefits of the acquisition, and are presented for illustrative purposes only and are not necessarily indicative of results that would have been achieved if the acquisition had occurred as of January 1, 2016 or of future operating performance.
The following table summarizes the consideration transferred to acquire the remaining ownership interests of Global Tubing (in thousands other than stock price and shares issued):

71

Table of Contents
Forum Energy Technologies, Inc. and subsidiaries
Notes to consolidated financial statements (continued)

  Purchase Consideration
Forum Energy Technologies' closing stock price on October 2, 2017 $15.10
Multiplied by number of shares issued for acquisition 11,488,208
Common shares $173,472
Cash 31,764
Repayment of Global Tubing debt at acquisition 85,084
Total Consideration paid for the acquisition $290,320

2017 Acquisition of Multilift
On July 3, 2017, we acquired Multilift Welltec, LLC and Multilift Wellbore Technology Limited (collectively, “Multilift”) for approximately $39.2 million in cash consideration. These acquisitions are included in the Completions segment. Based in Houston, Texas, Multilift manufactures the patented SandGuardTM and the CycloneTM completion tools. Pro forma results of operations for the 2014this acquisition have not been presented because the effects were not material to the consolidated financial statements.

2017 Acquisition of Cooper Valves
On January 9, 2017, we acquired substantially all of the assets of Cooper Valves, LLC as well as 100% of the general partnership interests of Innovative Valve Components (collectively, “Cooper”) for total aggregate consideration of $14.0 million, after settlement of working capital adjustments. The aggregate consideration includes the issuance of stock valued at $4.5 million and certain contingent stock issuances. These acquisitions are included in the Production segment. The acquired Cooper brands include the Accuseal® metal seated ball valves engineered to meet Class VI shut off standards for use in severe service applications, as well as a full line of Cooper Alloy® cast and forged gate, globe, and check valves. Innovative Valve Components, in partnership with Cooper Valves, commercialized critical service valves and components for the power generation, mining and oil and natural gas industries. Pro forma results of operations for this acquisition have not been presented because the effects were not material to the consolidated financial statements.
Dispositions
2019 Disposition of Cooper Alloy®
On December 4, 2019, we sold certain assets of our Cooper Alloy® brand of valve products for total consideration of $4.0 million and recognized a gain on disposition totaling $2.3 million. Pro forma results of operations for this disposition have not been presented because the effects were not material to the consolidated financial statements.
2019 Disposition of Equity Interest in Ashtead Technology
On September 3, 2019, we sold our aggregate 40% interest in Ashtead to the majority owners of Ashtead. Total consideration for Forum’s 40% interest and the settlement of a £3.0 million British Pounds note receivable from Ashtead was $47.7 million. Forum received $39.3 million in cash proceeds and a new £6.9 million British Pounds note receivable with a three year maturity. In the third quarter of 2019, we recognized a gain of $1.6 million as a result of this transaction, which is classified as Gain realized on previously held equity investment in the consolidated statements of comprehensive loss. Pro forma results of operations for this transaction have not been presented because the effects were not material to the consolidated financial statements.
2018 Disposition of Forum Subsea Rentals
On January 3, 2018, we contributed our subsea rentals business to Ashtead to create an independent provider of subsea survey and equipment rental services. In exchange, we received a 40% interest in the combined business, a cash payment of £2.7 million British Pounds and a note receivable from Ashtead of £3.0 million British Pounds. Our 40% interest in Ashtead was accounted for as an equity method investment and reported as Investment in unconsolidated subsidiary in our consolidated balance sheets prior to the disposition of our equity interest discussed above. In the first quarter of 2018, we recognized a gain of $33.5 million as a result of the deconsolidation of our Forum Subsea Rentals business, which is classified as Gain on contribution of subsea rentals business in the consolidated statements of comprehensive loss. This gain was equal to the sum of the consideration received, which included the fair value of our 40% interest in Ashtead, £2.7 million British Pounds in cash, and the £3.0 million British Pounds note receivable from Ashtead, less the $18.1 million carrying value of the Forum subsea rentals assets at the time of closing.

6972

Table of Contents
Forum Energy Technologies, Inc. and subsidiaries
Notes to consolidated financial statements (continued)


4. InvestmentThe fair value of such 40% interest in unconsolidated subsidiary
Effective July 1, 2013,Ashtead was determined based on the Company jointly purchased Global Tubing, LLC ("Global Tubing") with an equal partner, with Global Tubing's management retainingpresent value of estimated future cash flows of the combined entity as of January 3, 2018. The difference between the fair value of our 40% interest in Ashtead of $43.8 million and the book value of the underlying net assets resulted in a small interest. Global Tubing is a Dayton, Texasbasis difference, which was allocated to fixed assets, intangible assets and goodwill based provideron their respective fair values as of coiled tubing stringsJanuary 3, 2018. The basis difference allocated to fixed assets and related services. The Company'sintangible assets was amortized through equity investment is reported inearnings (loss) over the Completions segment and is accounted for usingestimated life of the equity method of accounting. As Global Tubing's products are complementaryrespective assets prior to the Company’s well intervention and stimulation products anddisposition of our equity interest discussed above. Pro forma results of operations for this transaction have not been presented because the investment's business is integraleffects were not material to the Company's operations, the earnings from the equity investment are included within operating income (loss).
Condensedconsolidated financial data for the equity investment in the unconsolidated subsidiary is summarized as follows:
 December 31,
2016
 December 31,
2015
Current assets$48,194
 $56,160
Long-term assets142,682
 145,965
Current liabilities11,918
 10,861
Long-term liabilities80,500
 95,000
 Year ended December 31,
 2016 2015
Net revenues$71,473
 $103,532
Gross profit16,899
 45,333
Net income3,795
 30,888
The Company's earnings from equity investment1,824
 14,824
Subsequent to December 31, 2016, the Company contributed $1.0 million to Global Tubing, LLC.statements.
5. Inventories
The Company'sCompany’s significant components of inventory at December 31, 20162019 and 20152018 were as follows (in thousands):


 December 31,
2019
 December 31,
2018
Raw materials and parts$172,083
 $212,526
Work in process29,972
 39,494
Finished goods278,660
 302,590
Gross inventories480,715
 554,610
Inventory reserve(66,075) (75,587)
Inventories$414,640
 $479,023

 December 31,
2016
 December 31,
2015
Raw materials and parts$106,329
 $148,372
Work in process23,303
 38,381
Finished goods277,303
 315,256
Gross inventories406,935
 502,009
Inventory reserve(68,352) (77,888)
Inventories$338,583
 $424,121
The change in the amounts of the inventory reserve during the three year period ended December 31, 20162019 is as follows (in thousands):
Period endedBalance at beginning of period Charged to expense Deductions or other Balance at end of period
December 31, 2017$68,352
 $14,620
 $(8,654) $74,318
December 31, 201874,318
 36,606
 (35,337) $75,587
December 31, 201975,587
 10,324
 (19,836) $66,075

Period ended Balance at beginning of period Charged to expense Deductions or other Balance at end of period
December 31, 2014 $26,419
 $8,171
 $(5,134) $29,456
December 31, 2015 29,456
 51,917
 (3,485) $77,888
December 31, 2016 77,888
 25,537
 (35,073) $68,352


7073

Table of Contents
Forum Energy Technologies, Inc. and subsidiaries
Notes to consolidated financial statements (continued)


6. Property and equipmentEquipment
Property and equipment consists of the following (in thousands):
  Estimated useful lives December 31,
   2019 2018
Land   $9,870
 $9,755
Buildings and leasehold improvements 5-30 103,383
 103,761
Computer equipment 3-5 55,941
 54,721
Machinery & equipment 5-10 166,123
 162,110
Furniture & fixtures 3-10 6,731
 6,631
Vehicles 3-5 5,382
 6,160
Right of use assets - finance leases 2-6 2,528
 
Construction in progress   3,663
 9,155
    353,621
 352,293
Less: accumulated depreciation   (199,210) (180,717)
Property and equipment, net   154,411
 171,576
       
Rental equipment 3-10 3,779
 9,535
Less: accumulated depreciation   (3,354) (3,753)
Rental equipment, net   425
 5,782
       
Total property and equipment, net   $154,836
 $177,358

  Estimated useful lives December 31,
   2016 2015
Land   $10,157
 $11,467
Buildings and leasehold improvements 5-30 75,947
 83,983
Computer equipment 3-5 42,248
 39,986
Machinery & equipment 5-10 131,860
 128,879
Furniture & fixtures 3-10 5,626
 6,866
Vehicles 3-5 8,660
 10,090
Construction in progress   4,545
 5,841
    279,043
 287,112
Less: accumulated depreciation   (143,677) (121,713)
Property & equipment, net   135,366
 165,399
       
Rental equipment 3-10 69,475
 76,908
Less: accumulated depreciation   (52,629) (55,640)
Rental equipment, net   16,846
 21,268
       
Total property & equipment, net   $152,212
 $186,667
Depreciation expense was $35.6$30.6 million, $38.4$33.1 million and $37.4$34.4 million for the years ended December 31, 2016, 20152019, 2018 and 20142017, respectively.
For the year ended December 31, 2019, we recognized property and equipment impairment charges of $5.2 million in our Subsea product line and $2.7 million in our Stimulation and Intervention product line, which are included in Impairments of goodwill, intangible assets, property and equipment in the consolidated statements of comprehensive loss. The amount of the impairment is measured as the difference between the carrying value and the estimated fair value of the asset. The fair value is determined either through the use of an external valuation, or by means of an analysis of discounted future cash flows based on expected utilization (classified within level 3 of the fair value hierarchy).
7. Goodwill and intangible assetsIntangible Assets
Goodwill
The changes in the carrying amount of goodwill from January 1, 2015 to December 31, 2016, were as follows (in thousands):
 Drilling & DownholeCompletionsProductionTotal
Goodwill balance at December 31, 2017$494,983
$240,816
$19,446
$755,245
Acquisitions, net of dispositions1,753
20,559

22,312
Impairment(298,789)

(298,789)
Impact of non-U.S. local currency translation(6,796)(2,095)(230)(9,121)
Goodwill balance at December 31, 2018191,151
259,280
19,216
469,647
Acquisitions, net of dispositions427
187

614
Impairment(191,485)(260,238)(19,287)(471,010)
Impact of non-U.S. local currency translation(93)771
71
$749
Goodwill balance at December 31, 2019$
$
$
$

 
Drilling &
Subsea
CompletionsProduction & InfrastructureTotal
 20162015201620152016201520162015
Goodwill Balance at January 1, net$334,595
$472,891
$316,914
$307,448
$17,527
$18,142
$669,036
$798,481
Acquisitions, net of dispositions


13,977



13,977
Impairment
(123,200)




(123,200)
Impact of non-U.S. local currency translation(17,189)(15,096)779
(4,511)117
(615)(16,293)(20,222)
Goodwill Balance at December 31, net$317,406
$334,595
$317,693
$316,914
$17,644
$17,527
$652,743
$669,036
Goodwill and intangible assets with indefinite lives are assessed forWe perform our annual impairment annuallytests of goodwill as of October 1 or wheneverwhen there is an event indicatingindication an impairment may have occurred. During the year ended December 31, 2015, the Company elected to change the dateRelevant events and circumstances which could be an indicator of the Company's annual assessments of goodwill and indefinite lived intangible assets impairment from December 31 to October 1. This was a change in method of applying an accounting principle, which management believed was a preferable alternative as it better aligned the timing of the assessment with our planning and forecasting process and alleviated constraints on accounting resources during our annual reporting process. The change in the assessment date did not delay, accelerate, or avoid a potential impairment charge.include: macroeconomic


7174

Table of Contents
Forum Energy Technologies, Inc. and subsidiaries
Notes to consolidated financial statements (continued)


At October 1, 2016, the Company performed its annual impairment test on each of the reporting units and concluded that there had been no impairment because the estimated fair values of each of those reporting units exceeded its carrying value. Relevant events and circumstances which could have a negative impact on goodwill include: macroeconomic conditions; industry and market conditions, such asconditions; commodity prices; operating cost factors; overall financial performance; the impact of dispositions and acquisitions; valuation of the Company’s common stock and other entity-specific events. Further declines in commodity prices or sustained lower valuation for
During the Company's common stock could indicate a reduction in the estimate of reporting unit fair value which, in turn, could lead to an impairment of reporting unit goodwill.
After October 1, 2015, the Company continued to monitor events and circumstances which could have a negative impact on estimates of reporting unit fair value. Commodity prices had remained at low levels and the active rig count had continued to decline resulting inthird quarter 2019, there was a significant decline in the Company’squoted market capitalization. Whileprices of our common stock and a continued decline in U.S. onshore drilling and completions activity, which led us to evaluate all of our reporting units for a triggering event as of September 30, 2019. Upon evaluation, we considered these developments to be a triggering event that required us to update our goodwill impairment evaluation for all reporting units as of September 30, 2019 based on our current forecast and expectations for market conditions. As a result, we determined that the Company incorporated a downturn into its forecastscarrying value of each of our Downhole, Stimulation and Intervention, Coiled Tubing, Production Equipment and Valve Solutions reporting units exceeded their respective estimated fair value and we recorded non-cash goodwill impairment charges of $191.5 million, $126.3 million, $133.9 million, $4.6 million, and $14.7 million, respectively. These charges are included in this October 1 annual test, several factors occurred lateImpairments of goodwill, intangible assets, property and equipment in the consolidated statements of comprehensive loss. Following these impairment charges, there is no remaining goodwill balance for any of our reporting units.
During the fourth quarter 2018, we completed the annual evaluation of 2015goodwill related to all of our reporting units as of October 1, 2018, our annual testing date. Based on this evaluation, we determined that indicated an occurrencethe carrying value of our Drilling reporting unit exceeded its estimated fair value. As a result, we recorded a non-cash impairment charge of $245.4 million to write-off the goodwill in our Drilling reporting unit. Additionally, during the fourth quarter 2018, there was a significant decline in oil prices, lowered industry expectations for U.S. drilling and completions activities and a substantial decline in the quoted market prices of our common stock, which led us to evaluate all of our reporting units for a triggering event as of December 31, 2018. Upon evaluation, we considered these developments to be a triggering event for our Downhole reporting unit that required us to update our goodwill impairment evaluation as of December 31, 2018 based on our current forecast and expectations for market conditions. As a result, we determined that the carrying value of our Downhole reporting unit exceeded its estimated fair value and we recorded a non-cash impairment charge of $53.4 million to write-off a portion of the goodwill in our Downhole reporting unit. These charges are included in Impairments of goodwill, intangible assets, property and equipment in the consolidated statements of comprehensive loss.
In the second quarter of 2017, there was a decline in oil prices and a developing consensus view that production from lower cost oil basins would be sufficient to meet anticipated demand for a longer period, delaying the need for production from higher cost basins. With this indication of further declines in market activity.  These factors included: 1) the OPEC confirmed that its members would not reduce production evendelays in the facerecovery of low commodity prices and excess global oil supply; 2) oil prices declined further; 3) a consensus expectation developed that oil prices would stay lower for longer than previously expected; 4) exploration and production companies significantly decreased their budgets as the demand for oil and natural gas was lower and production was significantly less economical for them; and 5) macroeconomic concerns developed regarding a slowdown in the global economy. Due to this further deterioration ofoffshore market, conditions for our products, the Companywe performed an impairment test on all sixand determined that the carrying value of the goodwill in our Subsea reporting units. The Company identified andunit was impaired. As a result, we recorded an impairment charge of $123.2$68.0 million for its Subsea reporting unit forin the year endedsecond quarter of 2017.
Accumulated impairment losses on goodwill were $1,006.6 million, $535.6 million and $236.8 million as of December 31, 2015. Following the impairment charge, at December 31, 2015, our Subsea reporting unit had a remaining balance of $73 million in goodwill.2019, 2018, and 2017, respectively.
The fair values used in each impairment analysis were determined using the net present value of the expected future cash flows for each reporting unit. Duringunit (classified within level 3 of the Company’s goodwill impairment analysis, the Company determinesfair value hierarchy). We determine the fair value of each of its reporting units as a wholeunit using a combination of discounted cash flow analysis,and guideline public company methodologies, which requires significant assumptions and estimates about the future operations of each reporting unit. The assumptions about future cash flows and growth rates are based on our current budget for 2017 and for future periods, as well as ourestimates, strategic plans and management’s beliefs aboutestimates for future activity levels. The discount rate we used for future periods could change substantially if the cost of debt or equity were to significantly increase or decrease, or if we were to choose different comparable companies in determining the appropriate discount rate for our reporting units. Forecasted cash flows in future periods were estimated using a terminal value calculation, which considered long-term earnings growth rates. Accumulated impairment losses on goodwill were $168.8 million, $168.8 million and $45.6 million as of
Intangible assets
At December 31, 2016, 2015, 2019and 2014, respectively. There was no impairment2018, intangible assets consisted of goodwill during the year ended December 31, 2016 and 2014, respectively.

following, respectively (in thousands):
72
 December 31, 2019
 Gross carrying
amount
 Accumulated
amortization
 Net intangibles Amortization
period (in years)
Customer relationships$281,052
 $(110,410) $170,642
 10 - 15
Patents and technology92,498
 (20,819) 71,679
 5 - 19
Non-compete agreements190
 (100) 90
 2 - 6
Trade names43,284
 (21,015) 22,269
 7 - 19
Distributor relationships22,160
 (18,866) 3,294
 15 - 22
Trademark5,089
 (763) 4,326
 15
Intangible Assets Total$444,273
 $(171,973) $272,300
  

75

Table of Contents
Forum Energy Technologies, Inc. and subsidiaries
Notes to consolidated financial statements (continued)


Intangible assets
At December 31, 2016and 2015, intangible assets consisted of the following, respectively (in thousands):
 December 31, 2018
 Gross carrying
amount
 Accumulated
amortization
 Net intangibles Amortization
period (in years)
Customer relationships$337,546
 $(110,228) $227,318
 4 - 15
Patents and technology104,394
 (17,148) 87,246
 5 - 17
Non-compete agreements6,245
 (5,600) 645
 3 - 6
Trade names47,493
 (18,107) 29,386
 10 - 15
Distributor relationships22,160
 (17,602) 4,558
 8 - 15
Trademark10,319
 (424) 9,895
 15 - Indefinite
Intangible Assets Total$528,157
 $(169,109) $359,048
  

  
December 31, 2016
 
Gross carrying
amount
 
Accumulated
amortization
 
Net amortizable
intangibles
 
Amortization
period (in years)
Customer relationships$270,586
 $(115,381) $155,205
 4-15
Patents and technology33,936
 (12,225) 21,711
 5-17
Non-compete agreements6,230
 (5,594) 636
 3-6
Trade names44,494
 (17,944) 26,550
 10-15
Distributor relationships22,160
 (15,074) 7,086
 8-15
Trademark5,230
 
 5,230
 Indefinite
Intangible Assets Total$382,636
 $(166,218) $216,418
  

  
December 31, 2015
 
Gross carrying
amount
 
Accumulated
amortization
 
Net amortizable
intangibles
 
Amortization
period (in years)
Customer relationships$280,297
 $(101,636) $178,661
 4-15
Patents and technology34,140
 (10,264) 23,876
 5-17
Non-compete agreements7,269
 (6,292) 977
 3-6
Trade names45,446
 (15,890) 29,556
 10-15
Distributor relationships22,160
 (13,810) 8,350
 8-15
Trademark5,230
 
 5,230
 Indefinite
Intangible Assets Total$394,542
 $(147,892) $246,650
  
Intangible assets with definite lives are tested for impairment whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that their carrying amount may not be recoverable. During
In the year ended December 31, 2015,third quarter of 2019, due to the impairment indicators discussed above, we determined that certain intangibles in our Stimulation and Intervention and our Valve Solutions reporting units were impaired. As a result, we recognized an aggregate $53.5 million of impairment losscharges on these intangible assets (primarily customer relationships, technology and trademarks) in the third quarter of $1.92019.
In the fourth quarter of 2018, due to the impairment indicators discussed above, we determined that certain intangible assets in our Downhole Technologies reporting unit were impaired. As a result, we recognized $50.2 million wasof impairment charges on these intangible assets (primarily customer relationships and trade names) in the fourth quarter of 2018. In the second quarter of 2018, we made the decision to exit specific products within the Subsea Technologies and Downhole Technologies product lines. As a result, we recognized $14.5 million of impairment losses on certain intangible assets (primarily customer relationships).
In 2017, impairment charges totaling $1.1 million were recorded on certain intangible assets within the DrillingSubsea Technologies and Subsea segment. The impairedDownhole Technologies reporting units related to management’s decision to abandon specific product lines.
All of the intangible asset impairment charges discussed above are included in Impairments of goodwill, intangible assets, included trade names that were no longer in useproperty and is recorded under "Impairment of intangible assets and goodwill"equipment in the consolidated statementstatements of comprehensive income (loss). No indicatorsloss. The amount of intangible assetthe impairment occurred duringcharges were measured as the difference between the carrying value and the estimated fair value of the assets. The fair value was determined either through the use of an external valuation, or by means of an analysis of discounted future cash flows (classified within level 3 of the fair value hierarchy).
Amortization expense was $32.6 million, $41.4 million and $30.7 million for the years ended December 31, 20162019, 2018 and 2014.
Amortization expense was $26.1 million, $27.3 million and $27.7 million for the years ended December 31, 2016, 2015 and 2014,2017, respectively. The total weighted average amortization period is 14 years and the estimated future amortization expense for the next five years is as follows (in thousands):
Year ending December 31, Amount
2020 $27,974
2021 26,951
2022 25,976
2023 24,413
2024 22,872

Year ending December 31,  
2017 $26,647
2018 26,556
2019 26,207
2020 24,295
2021 23,730


7376

Table of Contents
Forum Energy Technologies, Inc. and subsidiaries
Notes to consolidated financial statements (continued)


8. Debt
Notes payable and lines of credit as of December 31, 20162019 and 20152018 consisted of the following (in thousands):
 December 31,
2019
 December 31,
2018
6.25% Senior notes due October 2021$400,000
 $400,000
Unamortized debt premium770
 1,176
Debt issuance cost(3,232) (3,121)
Senior secured revolving credit facility
 119,000
Other debt2,041
 1,656
Total debt399,579
 518,711
Less: current maturities(717) (1,167)
Long-term debt$398,862
 $517,544
 December 31,
2016
 December 31,
2015
6.25% Senior notes due October 2021$400,000
 $400,000
Unamortized debt premium1,989
 2,395
Debt issuance cost(5,324) (6,425)
Senior secured revolving credit facility
 
Other debt206
 299
Total debt396,871
 396,269
Less: current maturities(124) (253)
Long-term debt$396,747
 $396,016

Senior Notes Due 2021
In October 2013, the Companywe issued $300.0 million of 6.25% senior unsecured notes due 2021 at par, and in November 2013, the Companywe issued an additional $100.0 million aggregate principal amount of the notes at a price of 103.25% of par plus accrued interest from October 2, 2013 (the "Senior Notes"“Senior Notes”). The Senior Notes bear interest at a rate of 6.25% per annum, payable on April 1 and October 1 of each year, and mature on October 1, 2021. Net proceeds fromThe Senior Notes are senior unsecured obligations, and are guaranteed on a senior unsecured basis by our subsidiaries that guarantee the issuance of approximately $394.0 million, after deducting initial purchasers' discountsCredit Facility and offering expenses and excluding accrued interest paid byrank junior to, among other indebtedness, the purchasers, were used forCredit Facility to the repaymentextent of the then-outstanding term loan balance and a portionvalue of the revolving credit facility balance.collateral securing the Credit Facility.
The terms of the Senior Notes are governed by the indenture, dated October 2, 2013 (the “Indenture”), between the Company,by and among us, the guarantors named therein and Wells Fargo Bank, National Association, as trustee (the “Trustee”). The Senior Notes are senior unsecured obligations, and are guaranteed on a senior unsecured basis by the Company’s subsidiaries that guarantee the credit facility and rank junior to, among other indebtedness, the credit facility to the extent of the value of the collateral securing the credit facility.trustee. The Senior Notes contain customary covenants including some limitations and restrictions on the Company’sour ability to pay dividends on, purchase or redeem itsour common stockstock; redeem or purchase or redeem itsprepay our subordinated debt; make certain investments; incur or guarantee additional indebtedness or issue certain types of equity securities; create certain liens, sell assets, including equity interests in itsour restricted subsidiaries; redeem or prepay subordinated debt; restrict dividends or other payments of itsour restricted subsidiaries; consolidate, merge or transfer all or substantially all of itsour assets; engage in transactions with affiliates; and create unrestricted subsidiaries. Many of these restrictions will terminate if the Senior Notes become rated investment grade. The Indenture also contains customary events of default, including nonpayment, breach of covenants in the Indenture, payment defaults or acceleration of other indebtedness, failure to pay certain judgments and certain events of bankruptcy and insolvency. The Company isWe are required to offer to repurchase the Senior Notes in connection with specified change in control events or with excess proceeds of asset sales not applied for permitted purposes.
The CompanyWe may redeem the Senior Notes due 2021:
beginning on October 1, 2016 at a redemption price of 104.688%100.0% of their principal amount plus accrued and unpaid interest and additional interest, if any; then
at a redemption price of 103.125% of their principal amount plus accrued and unpaid interest and additional interest, if any, for the twelve-month period beginning October 1, 2017; then
at a redemption price of 101.563% of their principal amount plus accrued and unpaid interest and additional interest, if any, for the twelve-month period beginning October 1, 2018; and then
at a redemption price of 100.000% of their principal amount plus accrued interest and unpaid interest and additional interest, if any, beginning on October 1, 2019.


74

Table of Contents
Forum Energy Technologies, Inc. and subsidiaries
Notes to consolidated financial statements (continued)

interest.
Credit Facility

On February 25, 2016, the Company amended the credit facility with Wells Fargo Bank, National Association, as administrative agent and several financial institutions as lenders to reduce lender commitments to $200.0 million. On December 12, 2016, the Company further amended theOur Credit Facility to, among other things, reduceprovides revolving credit line commitments from $200.0of $300.0 million to $140.0 million, including the previously existing sublimits for(with a sublimit of up to $25.0$45.0 million available for letters of credit issued for the account of the Company and certain of its domestic subsidiaries (the “U.S. Line”), of which up to $10.0$30.0 million is available to certain of our Canadian subsidiaries for loans in swingline loans. AsU.S. or Canadian dollars (with a sublimit of December 31, 2016, the Company had no borrowings outstanding under the Amended Credit Facility, $17.0up to $3.0 million of outstandingavailable for letters of credit andissued for the capacity to borrow an additional $103.7 millionaccount of our Canadian subsidiaries (the “Canadian Line”). Lender commitments under the Amended Credit Facility. The Amended Credit Facility, matures in November 2018 and, subject to certain limitations, lender commitments may be increased by an additional $150.0$100.0 million. The Company's borrowing capacity under the Amended Credit Facility could be reducedmatures in July 2021, but if our outstanding Notes due October 2021 are refinanced or eliminated, depending onreplaced with indebtedness maturing in or after February 2023, the future EBITDA. Weighted average interest rates underfinal maturity of the Amended Credit Facility at December 31, 2016 and 2015 were approximately 3.00% and 2.00%, respectively. will automatically extend to October 2022.
Availability under the Amended Credit Facility is subject to a borrowing base calculated by reference to eligible accounts receivable in the United States, United KingdomCanada and Canada,certain other jurisdictions (subject to a cap) and eligible inventory in the United States and cashCanada. Our borrowing capacity under the Credit Facility could be reduced or eliminated, depending on hand.future fluctuations in our receivables and inventory. As of December 31, 2019, our total borrowing base was $253.0 million, of which 0 was drawn and $23.9 million was used for security of outstanding letters of credit, resulting in remaining availability of $229.1 million.


The Amended
77

Table of Contents
Forum Energy Technologies, Inc. and subsidiaries
Notes to consolidated financial statements (continued)

If excess availability under the Credit Facility’s financial covenants, among other things, requireFacility falls below the Company, on a consolidated basis,greater of 10.0% of the borrowing base and $20.0 million, we will be required to maintain specified financial ratios or conditions. The Company was in compliance with all financial covenants under the Amended Credit Facility at December 31, 2016. The Company anticipates that it will continue to be in compliance with the Amended Credit Facility for the next twelve months.
The Amended Credit Facility’s financial covenants are summarized as follows:
Senior secured debt to adjusted EBITDA of not more than 4.50 to 1.0 for each fiscal quarter through December 31, 2017, and not more than 3.50 to 1.0 for each fiscal quarter ending thereafter through the termination of the facility; For purposes of calculation of senior secured debt to adjusted EBITDA, the Amended Credit Facility provides for netting of certain cash and cash equivalents against senior secured debt for each fiscal quarter through December 31, 2017; and
Aa fixed charge coverage ratio of not less than 1.25 to 1.0. This ratio is measuredat least 1.00:1.00 as EBITDA minus maintenance capital expenditures minus taxes paid in cash divided by scheduled principal and interest payments.The fixed charge coverage ratio is tested only ifof the end of each fiscal quarter until excess availability under the Amended Credit Facility falls below certain levels.exceeds such thresholds for at least 60 consecutive days.
Borrowings under the U.S. Line bear interest at a rate equal to, at our option, either (a) the LIBOR rate or (b) a base rate determined by reference to the highest of (i) the rate of interest per annum determined from time to time by Wells Fargo as its prime rate in effect at its principal office in San Francisco, (ii) the federal funds rate plus 0.50% per annum and (iii) the one-month adjusted LIBOR plus 1.00% per annum, in each case plus an applicable margin. Borrowings under the Canadian Line bear interest at a rate equal to, at Forum Canada’s option, either (a) the CDOR rate or (b) a base rate determined by reference to the highest of (i) the prime rate for Canadian dollar commercial loans made in Canada as reported from time to time by Thomson Reuters and (ii) the CDOR rate plus 1.00%, in each case plus an applicable margin. The applicable margin for LIBOR and CDOR loans will initially range from 1.75% to 2.25%, depending upon average excess availability under the Credit Facility. After the first quarter ending on or after March 31, 2018 in which our total net leverage ratio is less than or equal to 4.00:1.00, the applicable margin for LIBOR and CDOR loans will range from 1.50% to 2.00%, depending upon average excess availability under the Credit Facility. The weighted average interest rate under the Credit Facility was approximately 4.16% during the year ended December 31, 2019.
The Credit Facility also provides for a commitment fee in the amount of (a) 0.375% per annum on the unused portion of commitments if average usage of the Credit Facility is greater than 50% and (b) 0.500% per annum on the unused portion of commitments if average usage of the Credit Facility is less than or equal to 50%. After the first quarter in which our total leverage ratio is less than or equal to 4.00:1.00, the commitment fees will range from 0.25% to 0.375%, depending upon average usage of the Credit Facility.
Other debt
Other debt consists primarily of various capitalfinance leases of equipment.
Debt issueDeferred loan costs
The Company has incurred loan costs that have been capitalized and are amortized to interest expense over the term of the Senior Notes and the Amended Credit Facility. As a result, approximately $1.9 million, $2.6$1.9 million and $2.6$1.7 million were amortized to interest expense for the years ended December 31, 2016, 20152019, 2018 and 2014,2017, respectively. On February 25, 2016 and December 12, 2016, the Company amended its credit facility. In connection with such amendments, lender commitments were reduced from $600.0 million to $140.0 million. Accordingly, the Company has written off $3.0 million of the deferred financing costs related to the credit facility in 2016.


75

Table of Contents
Forum Energy Technologies, Inc. and subsidiaries
Notes to consolidated financial statements (continued)

Future payments
Future principal payments under long-term debt for each of the years ending December 31 are as follows (in thousands):
2020 $806
2021 400,806
2022 441
2023 43
2024 19
Thereafter 5
Total future payment $402,120
Add: Unamortized debt premium 770
Less: Debt issuance cost (3,232)
Less: present value discount on finance leases $(79)
Total debt $399,579


78
2017 $124
2018 82
2019 
2020��
2021 400,000
Thereafter 
Total future payment $400,206
Add: Unamortized debt premium 1,989
Less: Debt issuance cost (5,324)
Total debt $396,871

9. Income taxes
The components of the Company's income before income taxes for the years ended December 31, 2016, 2015 and 2014 are as follows (in thousands):
 2016 2015 2014
U.S.$(155,058) $(114,862) $127,270
Non-U.S.17,059
 (19,461) 115,252
Income (loss) before income taxes$(137,999) $(134,323) $242,522
The Company’s provision (benefit) for income taxes from continuing operations for the years ended December 31, 2016, 2015 and 2014 are as follows (in thousands):
 2016 2015 2014
Current     
U.S. Federal and state$(38,589) $43
 $47,100
Non-U.S.6,956
 8,264
 24,315
Total current(31,633) 8,307
 71,415
Deferred     
U.S. Federal and state(18,290) (19,071) (2,080)
Non-U.S.(6,128) (4,175) (1,190)
Total deferred(24,418) (23,246) (3,270)
Provision for income tax expense (benefit)$(56,051) $(14,939) $68,145

76

Table of Contents
Forum Energy Technologies, Inc. and subsidiaries
Notes to consolidated financial statements (continued)


9. Leases

We determine if an arrangement is a lease at inception. Leases with an initial term of 12 months or less are not recorded in our consolidated balance sheets. Leases with an initial term greater than 12 months are recognized in our consolidated balance sheets based on lease classification as either operating or financing. Operating leases are included in operating lease assets, accrued liabilities and operating lease liabilities. Finance leases are included in property and equipment, current portion of long-term debt, and long-term debt. Some of our lease agreements include lease and non-lease components for which we have elected to not separate for all classes of underlying assets. Our lease agreements do not contain any material residual value guarantees or material restrictive covenants. We sublease certain real estate to third parties when we have no future use for the property.
Our lease portfolio primarily consists of operating leases for certain manufacturing facilities, warehouses, service facilities, office spaces, equipment and vehicles. Operating lease Right of Use (“ROU”) assets and operating lease liabilities are recognized based on the present value of the future minimum lease payments at the commencement date. As most of our leases do not provide an implicit rate, we use our incremental borrowing rate based on the information available at the commencement date in determining the present value of future payments. Our leases have remaining terms of 1 year to 14 years and may include options to extend or terminate the lease when it is reasonably certain that we will exercise that option. The operating lease ROU assets also include any upfront lease payments made and exclude lease incentives and initial direct costs incurred. Lease expense for operating leases is recognized on a straight-line basis over the lease term.
The following table summarizes the supplemental balance sheet information related to leases as of December 31, 2019 (in thousands):
As of
ClassificationDecember 31, 2019
Assets
Operating lease assetsOperating lease assets48,682
Finance lease assetsProperty and equipment, net of accumulated depreciation2,085
Total lease assets50,767
Liabilities
Current
OperatingAccrued liabilities12,538
FinanceCurrent portion of long-term debt717
Noncurrent
OperatingOperating lease liabilities49,938
FinanceLong-term debt, net of current portion1,324
Total lease liabilities64,517

The following table summarizes the components of lease expenses for the twelve months ended December 31, 2019 (in thousands):
Lease Cost Classification Twelve Months Ended December 31, 2019
Operating lease cost Cost of sales and Selling, general and administrative expenses $13,675
Finance lease cost    
Amortization of leased assets Selling, general and administrative expenses 445
Interest on lease liabilities Interest expense 81
Sublease income Cost of sales and Selling, general and administrative expenses (1,635)
Net lease cost   $12,566


79

Table of Contents
Forum Energy Technologies, Inc. and subsidiaries
Notes to consolidated financial statements (continued)

Total rent expense under operating leases was $13.7 million, $18.3 million and $19.3 million for the years ended December 31, 2019, 2018 and 2017, respectively.
The maturities of lease liabilities as of December 31, 2019 are as follows (in thousands):
  Operating Leases Finance Leases Total
2020 $16,873
 $806
 $17,679
2021 14,064
 806
 14,870
2022 10,888
 441
 11,329
2023 7,550
 43
 7,593
2024 6,344
 19
 6,363
Thereafter 25,502
 5
 25,507
Total lease payments 81,221
 2,120
 83,341
Less: present value discount (18,745) (79) (18,824)
Present value of lease liabilities $62,476
 $2,041
 $64,517

Future minimum lease payments under operating leases as of December 31, 2018 are as follows (in thousands):
  Total
2019 $17,536
2020 14,826
2021 12,800
2022 11,202
2023 5,701
Thereafter 15,069
Total $77,134

The following table summarizes the weighted-average remaining lease term and weighted average discount rates related to leases as of December 31, 2019:
Lease Term and Discount RateDecember 31, 2019
Weighted-average remaining lease term (years)
Operating leases6.8 years
Financing leases2.8 years
Weighted-average discount rate
Operating leases6.58%
Financing leases6.58%


80

Table of Contents
Forum Energy Technologies, Inc. and subsidiaries
Notes to consolidated financial statements (continued)

The following table summarizes the supplemental cash flow information related to leases as of December 31, 2019:
  Twelve Months Ended December 31, 2019
Cash paid for amounts included in the measurement of lease liabilities:  
Operating cash flows from operating leases $12,679
Operating cash flows from finance leases 81
Financing cash flows from finance leases $1,197
Noncash activities from right-of-use assets obtained in exchange for lease obligations:  
Operating leases $9,745
Finance leases 1,822
Noncash activities from adoption of ASC 842 as of January 1, 2019  
Prepaid expenses and other current assets $(884)
Operating lease assets 54,069
Operating lease liabilities 64,506
Accrued liabilities (11,321)

10. Income Taxes
The components of loss before income taxes for the years ended December 31, 2019, 2018 and 2017 are as follows (in thousands):
 2019 2018 2017
U.S.$(532,363) $(285,141) $(3,015)
Non-U.S.(36,508) (104,613) (52,264)
Loss before income taxes$(568,871) $(389,754) $(55,279)

The components of income tax expense (benefit) for the years ended December 31, 2019, 2018 and 2017 are as follows (in thousands):
 2019 2018 2017
Current     
U.S. federal and state$(1,423) $(6,932) $(1,426)
Non-U.S.12,594
 4,810
 5,398
Total current11,171
 (2,122) 3,972
Deferred     
U.S. federal and state3,580
 (21,467) 6,415
Non-U.S.(16,565) 7,915
 (6,266)
Total deferred(12,985) (13,552) 149
Income tax expense (benefit)$(1,814) $(15,674) $4,121


81

Table of Contents
Forum Energy Technologies, Inc. and subsidiaries
Notes to consolidated financial statements (continued)

The reconciliation between the actual provision for income taxes from continuing operations and that computed by applying the U.S. statutory rate to income before income taxes and noncontrolling interests are outlined below (in thousands):
 2019 2018 2017
Income tax expense at the statutory rate$(119,463)(21.0)% $(81,849)(21.0)% $(19,348)(35.0)%
State taxes, net of federal tax benefit(5,846)(1.0)% (2,564)(0.7)% (294)(0.5)%
Non-U.S. operations(4,023)(0.7)% (10,166)(2.6)% 6,337
11.5 %
Domestic incentives(633)(0.1)% (286)(0.1)% (254)(0.5)%
Prior year federal, non-U.S. and state tax257
 % (2,880)(0.7)% (1,283)(2.3)%
Nondeductible expenses348
0.1 % 502
0.1 % 644
1.2 %
Goodwill impairment27,244
4.8 % 46,051
11.8 % 14,731
26.6 %
Global Tubing acquisition
 % 
 % (9,160)(16.6)%
U.S. tax reform
 % (15,604)(4.0)% 10,138
18.3 %
Valuation allowance98,900
17.4 % 50,005
12.8 % 4,523
8.2 %
Other1,402
0.2 % 1,117
0.4 % (1,913)(3.4)%
Income tax expense (benefit)$(1,814)(0.3)% $(15,674)(4.0)% $4,121
7.5 %

Our effective tax rate was (0.3)%, (4.0)%, and 7.5% for the years ended December 31, 2019, 2018 and 2017, respectively. For the year ended December 31, 2019, we recognized the following significant items impacting our effective tax rate:
$27.2 million of tax expense associated with the impairment of non-tax deductible goodwill, and
$98.9 million of tax expense consisting of a full valuation allowance against our deferred tax assets in the U.S, U.K., Germany, Singapore and Saudi Arabia, as further described below under the primary components of deferred taxes.
On December 22, 2017, the U.S. enacted the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act of 2017, a comprehensive U.S. tax reform package that, effective January 1, 2018, among other things, lowered the corporate income tax rate from 35% to 21% and moved the country towards a territorial tax system with a one-time mandatory tax on previously deferred earnings of non-U.S. subsidiaries. The effects of U.S. tax reform on us include two major categories: (i) recognition of liabilities for taxes on mandatory deemed repatriation and (ii) re-measurement of deferred taxes. In 2017, we recorded provisional amounts as an estimate of federal and state tax related to the effects of U.S. tax reform including the recognition of liabilities for taxes on mandatory deemed repatriation of non-U.S. earnings of $27.7 million and a $17.6 million tax benefit for the re-measurement of deferred taxes based on the new 21% U.S. corporate tax rate, resulting in a net $10.1 million provisional net tax charge for the year.
During 2018, we completed our analysis of the impact of U.S. tax reform based on further guidance provided on the new tax law by the U.S. Treasury Department and Internal Revenue Service. We finalized our accounting for the effects of U.S. tax reform during 2018 based on the additional guidance issued and recognized an income tax benefit of $15.6 million resulting in an overall net tax benefit related to U.S. tax reform of $5.5 million.

82

Table of Contents
Forum Energy Technologies, Inc. and subsidiaries
Notes to consolidated financial statements (continued)
 2016 2015 2014
Income tax expense (benefit) at the statutory rate$(48,300)35.0 % $(47,013)35.0 % $84,882
35.0 %
State taxes, net of federal tax benefit(1,425)1.0 % (1,157)0.9 % 4,132
1.7 %
Non-U.S. operations(5,791)4.2 % 6,300
(4.7)% (15,060)(6.2)%
Domestic incentives(170)0.1 % (250)0.2 % (4,412)(1.8)%
Prior year federal, non-U.S. and state tax(777)0.6 % (518)0.4 % (1,692)(0.7)%
Nondeductible expenses345
(0.2)% 279
(0.2)% 663
0.3 %
Goodwill impairment
 % 27,210
(20.3)% 
 %
Other67
(0.1)% 210
(0.2)% (368)(0.2)%
Provision for income tax expense (benefit)$(56,051)40.6 % $(14,939)11.1 % $68,145
28.1 %

The primary components of deferred taxes include (in thousands):
 2019 2018
Deferred tax assets   
Reserves and accruals$4,590
 $7,259
Operating lease liabilities14,912
 
Inventory16,429
 18,694
Stock awards5,185
 5,637
Net operating loss and other tax carryforwards83,325
 66,098
Goodwill and intangible assets45,528
 
Other1,150
 549
Gross deferred tax assets171,119
 98,237
Valuation allowance(152,795) (54,441)
Total deferred tax assets18,324
 43,796
Deferred tax liabilities   
Property and equipment(7,733) (9,565)
Operating lease assets(12,006) 
Goodwill and intangible assets
 (42,502)
Investment in unconsolidated subsidiary
 (5,402)
Prepaid expenses and other(396) (392)
Total deferred tax liabilities(20,135) (57,861)
Net deferred tax liabilities$(1,811) $(14,065)
 2016 2015
Deferred tax assets   
Reserves and accruals$6,603
 $7,174
Inventory24,677
 29,154
Stock awards10,984
 9,350
Other982
 544
Net operating loss and other tax credit carryforwards30,317
 1,673
Total deferred tax assets73,563
 47,895
Deferred tax liabilities   
Property and equipment(13,593) (16,925)
Goodwill and intangible assets(73,074) (68,635)
Investment in unconsolidated subsidiary(10,000) (10,764)
Unremitted non-U.S. earnings(740) (740)
Prepaid expenses and other(1,490) (1,151)
Total deferred tax liabilities(98,897) (98,215)
Net deferred tax liabilities$(25,334) $(50,320)
At December 31, 2016, the Company had $59.7 million U.S. net operating loss carryforwards and $3.6 million state net operating losses. The losses will expire no later than 2036 if they are not utilized prior to that date. The Company intends to elect to carry the current U.S. net operating loss back to recover taxes paid in earlier periods to the extent eligible. As a result, a tax benefit of $32.8 million was classified as a current income tax receivable, and is not included in the $59.7 million U.S. net operating carryforward. The Company also had $21.6 million of non-U.S. net operating loss carryforwards with indefinite expiration dates. The Company anticipates being able to fully utilize the losses prior to their expiration. Where the Company has unrecognized tax benefits in jurisdictions with existing net operating losses, the Company utilizes the unrecognized tax benefits as a source of income to offset such losses.
At December 31, 2016, the Company had $5.1 million of foreign tax credit carryforwards which will generally expire no later than 2025. The Company anticipates being able to fully utilize the foreign tax credits prior to their expiration.
Goodwill from certain acquisitions is tax deductible due to the acquisition structure as an asset purchase or due to tax elections made by the Company and the respective sellers at the time of acquisition.
We have deferred tax assets related to net operating loss and other tax carryforwards in the U.S., and in certain states and foreign jurisdictions. We recognize deferred tax assets to the extent that we believe these assets are more likely than not to be realized.
At December 31, 2019, we had $238.3 million of U.S. net operating loss carryforwards and $7.5 million of state net operating losses. Of these losses, $151.1 million will expire no later than 2037 if they are not utilized prior to that date. The Company believes that itremaining $94.7 million will not expire. We also had $155.4 million of non-U.S. net operating loss carryforwards with indefinite expiration dates. The ultimate realization of income tax benefits for these net operating loss carryforwards depends on our ability to generate sufficient taxable income in the respective taxing jurisdictions. Where we have unrecognized tax benefits in jurisdictions with existing net operating losses, we utilize the unrecognized tax benefits as a source of income to offset such losses. We do not anticipate being able to fully utilize all of the losses prior to their expiration in the following jurisdictions: the U.S, the U.K, Germany, Singapore and Saudi Arabia.
During 2019, we recognized $98.9 million of tax expense related to the increase in our valuation allowance provided against our deferred tax assets to write down our deferred tax assets in these jurisdictions to what is more likely than not thatrealizable. We increased our valuation allowance related to our U.S. and foreign deferred tax assets at December 31, 2016by $98.0 million and 2015 will be utilized to offset$0.9 million, respectively. In making such a determination for each of these jurisdictions, we considered all available positive and negative evidence, including our recent history of pretax losses over the prior three year period, the goodwill and intangible asset impairments for various reporting units, the future reversals of existing taxable temporary differences, the projected future taxable income or loss, including the effect of U.S. tax reform, and tax-planning.
Deferred tax liabilities arising from the reversal of taxable temporary differences. Consequently, no valuation allowance has been recorded indifference between the financial statements.

77

Tablereporting and income tax bases inherent in our foreign subsidiaries, referred to as outside basis differences, have not been provided for U.S. income tax purposes because we do not intend to sell, liquidate or otherwise trigger the recognition of Contents
Forum Energy Technologies, Inc. and subsidiaries
NotesU.S. taxable income with regard to consolidated financial statements (continued)


Taxes are provided as necessary with respect to non-U.S. earnings that are not permanently reinvested. For all other non-U.S. earnings, no U.S. taxes are provided because such earnings are intended to be reinvested indefinitely to finance non-U.S. activities. The determination ofour investment in these foreign subsidiaries. Determining the amount of the unrecognizedU.S. deferred tax liability for temporaryliabilities associated with outside basis differences related to investments in non-US subsidiaries is not practicable.practicable at this time.
The Company filesWe file income tax returns in the U.S. as well as in various states and non-U.S. jurisdictions. With few exceptions, the Company iswe are no longer subject to income tax examination by tax authorities in these jurisdictions prior to 2010.2013.
The Company accounts
83

Table of Contents
Forum Energy Technologies, Inc. and subsidiaries
Notes to consolidated financial statements (continued)

We account for uncertain tax positions in accordance with guidance in FASB ASC 740, which prescribes the minimum recognition threshold a tax position taken or expected to be taken in a tax return is required to meet before being recognized in the financial statements. A reconciliation of the beginning and ending amount of uncertain tax positions is as follows (in thousands):
Balance at January 1, 2019 $13,254
Additional based on tax positions related to prior years 2,069
Additional based on tax positions related to current year 2,057
Reduction based on tax positions related to prior years (666)
Settlement with tax authorities (100)
Lapse of statute of limitations (2,048)
Balance at December 31, 2019 14,566
Balance at January 1, 2016 $8,410
Additional based on tax positions related to prior years 1,785
Additional based on tax positions related to current year 6,103
Reduction based on tax positions related to prior years 
Lapse of statute of limitations (2,078)
Balance at December 31, 2016 14,220
Deferred tax benefits on uncertain tax position related to U.S. and non-U.S. income tax 
Net balance at December 31, 2016 $14,220

The total amount of unrecognized tax benefits at December 31, 20162019 was $14.2$14.6 million, of which it is reasonably possible that $1.3$1.8 million could be settled during the next twelve-month period as a result of the conclusion of various tax audits or due to the expiration of the applicable statute of limitations. Substantially allWe estimate that $12.5 million of the unrecognized tax benefits at December 31, 20162019, excluding consideration of valuation allowance, would impact the Company’sour future effective income tax rate, if recognized.
The Company recognizesWe recognize interest and penalties related to uncertain tax positions within the provision for income taxes in the consolidated statementstatements of income.comprehensive loss. As of December 31, 20162019 and 2015,2018, we had accrued approximately $0.5$0.3 million and $0.40.3 million, respectively, in interest and penalties.penalties, respectively. During the years ended December 31, 20162019 and 2015,2018, we recognized no material change in the interest and penalties related to uncertain tax positions.
10.11. Fair value measurementsValue Measurements
At December 31, 2016,2019 the Company had no0 balance outstanding under the Credit Facility, and at December 31, 2018, the Company had $119.0 million of debt outstanding under the AmendedCredit Facility. The Credit Facility and all of the debt under this facility incurs interest at a variable interest rate and therefore, the carrying amount approximates fair value. The fair value of the debt is classified as a Level 2 measurement because interest rates charged are similar to other financial instruments with similar terms and maturities.
The fair value of the Company’s Senior Notes is estimated using Level 2 inputs in the fair value hierarchy and is based on quoted prices for those or similar instruments. At December 31, 2016,2019, the fair value and the carrying value of the Company’s unsecured Senior Notes each approximated $402.0 million.$354.0 million and $397.5 million, respectively. At December 31, 2015,2018, the fair value and the carrying value of the Company’s unsecured Senior Notes approximated $334.1$362.0 million and $402.5$398.1 million, respectively.
There were no other significant outstanding financial instruments as of December 31, 20162019 and 20152018 that required measuring the amounts at fair value on a recurring basis. The Company did not change its valuation techniques associated with recurring fair value measurements from prior periods and there were no transfers between levels of the fair value hierarchy during the year ended December 31, 2016.2019.


7884

Table of Contents
Forum Energy Technologies, Inc. and subsidiaries
Notes to consolidated financial statements (continued)


11.12. Commitments and contingenciesContingencies
Litigation
In the ordinary course of business, the Company is, and in the future, could be involved in various pending or threatened legal actions, some of which may or may not be covered by insurance. Management has reviewed such pending judicial and legal proceedings, the reasonably anticipated costs and expenses in connection with such proceedings, and the availability and limits of insurance coverage, and has established reserves that are believed to be appropriate in light of those outcomes that are believed to be probable and can be estimated. The reserves accrued at December 31, 20162019 and 20152018 are immaterial. In the opinion of management, the Company'sCompany’s ultimate liability, if any, with respect to these actions is not expected to have a material adverse effect on the Company’s financial position, results of operations or cash flows.
Asbestos litigation
One of our subsidiaries has been named as one of many defendants in a number of product liability claims for alleged exposure to asbestos. These lawsuits are typically filed on behalf of plaintiffs who allege exposure to asbestos, against numerous defendants, often 40 or more, who mayare alleged to have manufactured or distributed products containing asbestos. The injuries alleged by plaintiffs in these cases range from mesothelioma and other cancers to asbestosis. The earliest claims against our subsidiary were filed in New Jersey in 1998, and our subsidiary currently has active cases in Missouri, New Jersey, New York, Illinois, Delaware, and Illinois.Pennsylvania. These complaints do not typically include requests for a specific amount of damages. TheOur subsidiary acquired the trademark for the product line with asbestos exposure was acquiredin question in 1985. OurTo date, the claims against our subsidiary hasalleging illnesses due to asbestos have generally been successful in obtaining dismissals in many lawsuits wherebased on products manufactured by the exposure isprevious owner prior to 1985 that are alleged to have occurred prior to our acquisition of the trademark. The law in some states does not find purchasers of product lines to have tort liability for incidents occurring prior to the acquisition date unless they assumed the responsibility or in certain other circumstances. The law in certain other states on so called “successor liability” may be different or ambiguous in this regard. Mostcontained asbestos. Many claimants alleging illnesses due to asbestos sue on the basis of exposure prior to 1985, as by that date the hazards of asbestos exposure were well known and asbestos had begun to fall into disusedisuse. Our subsidiary has been successful in industrial settings.obtaining dismissals in most lawsuits without any cash contribution including because the “successor liability” law in most states does not hold a purchaser in good faith liable for the actions of the seller prior to the acquisition date unless the purchaser contractually assumed the liabilities, which our subsidiary did not. There are exceptions to the successor liability doctrine in many states, so there are no assurances that our subsidiary will not be found liable for the actions of its predecessor. The law in other states on so called “successor liability” may be different or ambiguous in this regard, and could also expose our subsidiary to liability. Our subsidiary could also be found liable should a trier of fact reject our subsidiary’s position that it is not responsible for the alleged asbestos injuries. To date, asbestos claims have not had a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition, results of operations, or cash flow, as our annual out-of-pocket costs over the last five years has been less than $200,000. There are typicallywere fewer than 10025 new cases filed against our subsidiary in each year,of last two years, and a similarsignificant number of existing cases arewere dismissed, settled or otherwise disposed of eachover the last year. We currently have fewer than 200150 lawsuits pending against this subsidiary. Our subsidiary has over $17 million in face amount of insurance per occurrence and over $23 million of aggregate primary insurance coverage; a portion of the coverage has been eroded by payments made by insurers.coverage. In addition, our subsidiary has over $950 million in face amount of excess coverage applicable to the claims. There can be no guarantee that all of this can be collected due to policy terms and conditions and insurer insolvencies in the past or in the future. In January 2011, we entered into an agreement with seven7 of our primary insurers under which they have agreed to pay 80% of the costs of handling and settling each asbestos claim against the affected subsidiary. After an initial period,The insurers’ portion of the settlements is funded by our aggregate primary limits, which are eroded only by settlements and under certain circumstances,not legal fees. Approximately $2.0 million in settlements has been paid by insurers and our subsidiary to date, with approximately $40,000 paid over the course of the last two years. Our subsidiary and the subscribing insurers mayhave the right to withdraw from this agreement.agreement, but to date, no party has exercised this right or expressed an intent to do so.

85

Table of Contents
Forum Energy Technologies, Inc. and subsidiaries
Notes to consolidated financial statements (continued)

Portland Harbor Superfund litigation
In May 2009, one of the Company'sCompany’s subsidiaries (which is presently a dormant company with nominal assets except for rights under insurance policies) was named along with many defendants in a suit filed by the Port of Portland, Oregon seeking reimbursement of costs related to a five-year study of contaminated sediments at the port. In March 2010, the subsidiary also received a notice letter from the Environmental Protection Agency indicating that it had been identified as a potentially responsible party with respect to environmental contamination in the "study area"“study area” for the Portland Harbor Superfund Site. Under a 1997 indemnity agreement, the subsidiary is indemnified by a third party with respect to losses relating to environmental contamination. As required under the indemnity agreement, the subsidiary provided notice of these claims, and the indemnitor has assumed responsibility and is providing a defense of the claims. Although the Company believes that it is unlikely that the subsidiary contributed to the contamination at the Portland Harbor Superfund Site, the potential liability of the subsidiary and the ability of the indemnitor to fulfill its indemnity obligations cannot be quantified at this time.


79

Table of Contents
Forum Energy Technologies, Inc. and subsidiaries
Notes to consolidated financial statements (continued)

Operating leases
The Company has operating leases for warehouse,warehouses, office space, manufacturing facilities and equipment. The leases generally require the Company to pay certain expenses including taxes, insurance, maintenance, and utilities. The minimum future lease commitments under noncancelable leases in effect at December 31, 2016 are as follows:
2017$15,455
201812,526
201910,939
20208,988
20217,858
Thereafter10,253
 $66,019
Total rent expense was $18.6 million, $20.9 million and $20.8 million under operating leasesSee Note 9 Leases for the years ended December 31, 2016, 2015 and 2014, respectively.further information.
Letters of credit and guarantees
The Company executes letters of credit in the normal course of business to secure the delivery of product from specific vendors and also to guarantee the Company fulfilling certain performance obligations relating to certain large contracts. At December 31, 2016,2019, the Company had $17.0$24.5 million in letters of credit.credit outstanding.
12.13. Earnings Per Share
The reconciliation of basic and diluted earnings per share for each period presented was as follows (dollars and shares in thousands, except per share amounts):
 Year ended December 31,
 2019 2018 2017
Net loss attributable to common stockholders$(567,057) $(374,080) $(59,400)
      
Basic - weighted average shares outstanding110,100
 108,771
 98,689
Dilutive effect of stock options and restricted stock
 
 
Diluted - weighted average shares outstanding110,100
 108,771
 98,689
      
Loss per share     
Basic$(5.15) $(3.44) $(0.60)
Diluted$(5.15) $(3.44) $(0.60)

For all periods presented, we excluded all potentially dilutive restricted shares and stock options in calculating diluted earnings per share as the effect was anti-dilutive due to the net losses incurred for these periods.
14. Stockholders' equityEquity and employee benefit plansEmployee Benefit Plans

Shares issued for Acquisition
Equity offering
In December 2016,On January 9, 2017, the Company offered and sold 4.0issued 196,249 shares of common stock to acquire 100% of the general partnership interests of Innovative Valve Components. On October 2, 2017, the Company issued 11.5 million shares of the Company's common stock to acquire the remaining membership interests in Global Tubing. Refer to Note 4 Acquisitions & Dispositions for further details on these acquisitions.

86

Table of Contents
Forum Energy Technologies, Inc. and raised $85.1 million in cash (net of expenses) pursuantsubsidiaries
Notes to a public equity offering.consolidated financial statements (continued)

Employee benefit plans
The Company sponsorsWe sponsor a 401(k) savings plan for USU.S. employees and related savings plans for certain non-USnon-U.S. employees. These plans benefit eligible employees by allowing them the opportunity to make contributions up to certain limits. The Company contributesWe contribute by matching a percentage of each employee's contributions. In 2015 and 2016, for certain plans, the Company suspended the matching ofemployee’s contributions. Subsequent to the closing of all acquisitions, employees of those acquired entities will generally be eligible to participate in the Company'sCompany’s 401(k) savings plan. The CompanyWe also hashave the discretion to provide a profit sharing contribution to each participant depending on the Company’s performance for the applicable year. The expense under the Company'sCompany’s plan was $1.4$5.8 million, $2.26.2 million, and $10.8$5.4 million for the years ended December 31, 2016, 20152019, 2018 and 2014,2017, respectively.
The Company hasWe have an Employee Stock Purchase Plan, which allows eligible employees to purchase shares of the Company'sCompany’s common stock at six-month intervals through periodic payroll deductions at a price per share equal to 85%85.0% of the lower of the fair market value at the beginning and ending of the six-month intervals. Following the fourth quarter of 2019, this plan was suspended.
Stock repurchases
In October 2014, the Boardboard of Directorsdirectors approved a share repurchase program for the repurchase of outstanding shares of the Company'sCompany’s common stock with an aggregate purchase price of up to $150.0 million. The Company has purchasedWe have repurchased approximately 4.5 million shares primarily(primarily in 20142014) under this program for aggregate consideration of approximately $100.2 million. However, we recently amended our credit facility in 2016 which prohibits us from repurchasing shares.

80

Table of Contents
Forum Energy Technologies, Inc. and subsidiaries
Notes to consolidated financial statements (continued)

13.15. Stock based compensationBased Compensation
FET share-basedstock based compensation plan
In August 2010, , the Companywe created the 2010 Stock Incentive Plan (the " 2010 Plan"“2010 Plan”) to allow for employees, directors and consultants of the Company and its subsidiaries to maintain stock ownership in the Company through the award of stock options, restricted stock, restricted stock units or any combination thereof. Under the terms of the 2010 Plan, a total of 18.5 million shares were authorized for awards.
In May 2016, the Companywe created a new 2016 Stock and Incentive Plan (the " 2016 Plan"“2016 Plan”). Under the terms of the 2016 Plan, the aggregate number of shares that may be issued may not exceed the number of shares reserved but not issued under the 2010 Plan as of May 17, 2016, the effective date of the 2016 plan, a total of 5.7 million shares. No further awards shallwill be made under the 2010 Plan after such date, and outstanding awards granted under the 2010 Plan shall continue to be outstanding. In May 2019, we amended and restated the 2016 Plan to add an additional 2.9 million shares and revised certain terms of the 2016 Plan (the “2016 Amended Plan”). Approximately 5.64.8 million shares remained available under the 2016 Amended Plan for future grants as of December 31, 2016.2019.
The total amount of share-basedstock based compensation expense recorded was approximately $20.5$15.8 million,, $21.7 $19.9 million and $18.8$20.3 million for the years ended December 31, 2016, 20152019, 2018 and 2014,2017, respectively. As of December 31, 2016,2019, the Company expects to record share-basedstock based compensation expense of approximately $30.1$19.2 million over thea weighted average remaining term of the restricted stock and options of approximately two years. Future stock option grants will result in additional compensation expense.
Stock options
The exercise price of each option is based on the fair market value of the Company’s stock at the date of grant. Options generally have a ten-year life and vest annually in equal increments over three or four years. The Company’sOur policy for issuing stock upon a stock option exercise is to issue new shares. Compensation expense is generally recognized on a straight line basis over the vesting period. The following tables provide additional information related to thestock options:
2019 ActivityNumber of shares
(in thousands)
 Weighted average exercise price Remaining weighted average contractual life in years Intrinsic value
(in millions)
Beginning balance5,740
 $12.39
 3.7 $
Granted
 $
    
Exercised
 $
    
Forfeited/expired(364) $13.05
    
Total outstanding5,376
 $12.35
 2.5 $
Options exercisable5,033
 $12.29
 2.2 $


87

Table of Contents
Forum Energy Technologies, Inc. and subsidiaries
Notes to consolidated financial statements (continued)
2016 Activity
Number of shares
(in thousands)
 Weighted average exercise price Remaining weighted average contractual life in years 
Intrinsic value
(in millions)
Beginning balance5,250.4
 $12.94
 5.7 $15.1
Granted818.6
 $9.39
   
Exercised(151.3) $11.31
   
Forfeited/expired(46.6) $20.93
   
Total outstanding5,871.1
 $12.42
 5.3 $59.1
Options exercisable4,403.4
 $11.74
 4.2 $45.2

The assumptions used in the Black-Scholes pricing model to estimate the fair value of the options granted in 2016, 2015 and 2014 are as follows:
 2016 2015 2014
Weighted average fair value$3.85 $6.36 $8.47
Assumptions     
Expected life (in years)6.25 6.30 6.25
Volatility40% 33% 27%
Dividend yield—% —% —%
Risk free interest rate1.40% 1.81% 1.96%
The intrinsic value of the options exercised was $1.3 million in 2016, $3.9 million in 2015 and $24.8 million2014. The intrinsic value is the amount by which the fair value of the underlying share exceeds the exercise price of anthe stock option. NaN stock options were exercised in 2019. The intrinsic value of stock options exercised in 2018 and 2017 was $0.2 million and $1.6 million, respectively.

As of December 31, 2019 and 2018, the share price of the Company was less than the exercise price for all outstanding stock options. Therefore, the intrinsic value for stock options outstanding and exercisable were both 0.
No stock options were granted in 2019. The assumptions used in the Black-Scholes pricing model to estimate the fair value of stock options granted in 2018 and 2017 are as follows:
81
 2019 2018 2017
Weighted average fair valuen/a $5.62 $8.95
Assumptions     
Expected life (in years)n/a 6.25 6.25
Volatilityn/a 44% 43%
Dividend yieldn/a —% —%
Risk free interest raten/a 2.74% 2.11%

Restricted stock
Restricted stock generally vests over a three or four year period from the date of grant. The following table provides additional information related to our restricted stock:
2019 ActivityRestricted stock (shares in thousands)
Nonvested at beginning of year195
Granted150
Vested(135)
Forfeited(2)
Nonvested at the end of year208

The weighted average grant date fair value of the restricted stock was $6.59, $12.00and $19.00 per share during the years ended December 31, 2019, 2018 and 2017, respectively. The total fair value of shares vested was $1.5 million during 2019, $1.7 million during 2018 and $2.3 million during 2017.
Restricted stock units
Restricted stock units generally vest over a three or four year period from the date of grant. The following table provides additional information related to our restricted stock units:
2019 ActivityRestricted stock units (shares in thousands)
Nonvested at beginning of year2,455
Granted1,227
Vested(905)
Forfeited(588)
Nonvested at the end of year2,189

The weighted average grant date fair value of the restricted stock units was $6.54, $10.54 and $17.97per share during the years ended December 31, 2019, 2018 and 2017, respectively. The total fair value of units vested was $11.8 million, $14.2 million, and $10.0 million during 2019, 2018 and 2017, respectively.
Performance share awards
During 2019, we granted 390,896 performance share awards with service-vesting and market-vesting conditions. These awards may settle between 0 and 2 shares of the Company’s common stock for each performance share unit awarded. The number of shares issued for the 2019 performance share awards will be determined based on the

88

Table of Contents
Forum Energy Technologies, Inc. and subsidiaries
Notes to consolidated financial statements (continued)


Restricted stock
Restricted stock generally vests over a three or four year period from the date of grant. Further information about the restricted stock follows (shares in thousands):
2016 Activity
Nonvested at beginning of year204.2
Granted397.2
Vested(174.1)
Forfeited(9.5)
Nonvested at the end of year417.8
The weighted average grant date fair value of the restricted stock was $10.28, $18.87and $31.71 per share during the years ended December 31, 2016, 2015, and 2014, respectively. The total fair value of shares vested was $3.9 million during 2016, $5.1 million during 2015 and $10.9 million during 2014.
Restricted stock units
Restricted stock units generally vest over a four year period from the date of grant. Further information about the restricted stock units follows (shares in thousands):
Restricted stock units
2016 Activity
Nonvested at beginning of year1,212.2
Granted1,075.8
Vested(363.8)
Forfeited(159.1)
Nonvested at the end of year1,765.1
The weighted average grant date fair value of the restricted stock units was $9.74, $18.06 and $27.81per share during the years ended December 31, 2016, 2015, and 2014, respectively. The total fair value of units vested was $8.4 million, $6.7 million, and $3.0 million during 2016, 2015, and 2014 .
Performance share awards
During 2016, the Company granted 257,900 performance share awards with service-vesting and market-vesting conditions. These awards may settle between zero and two shares of the Company's common stock. The number of shares issued pursuant to the performance share awards will be determined based on the total shareholder return of the Company'sCompany’s common stock as compared to a group of peer companies measured annually over a one year, two year, and three-year performance period.
Stock appreciation rights
In the fourth quarter of 2019, we granted stock appreciation rights with service-vesting and market-vesting conditions. The following table provides additional information related to our stock appreciation rights:
2019 ActivityStock Appreciation Rights (in thousands)
Nonvested at beginning of year
Granted6,352
Forfeited
Nonvested at the end of year6,352

The grant date fair value of the stock appreciation rights was $0.19. The stock appreciation rights will vest on the third anniversary from the grant date if the average closing price of a share of our Common Stock over the twenty trading days prior to the third anniversary date (the “Ending Market Value”) is equal to or greater than $5.00. If vested, the stock appreciation rights will ultimately be settled for the difference between the Ending Market Value and the exercise price of $1.45. The stock appreciation rights, if vested, may be settled in stock or cash. If vested, we intend to settle the stock appreciation rights in stock.
14.16. Related party transactionsParty Transactions
The Company has sold and purchased inventory, services and fixed assets to and from various affiliates of certain directors. The dollar amounts related to these related party activities are not significant to the Company’sour consolidated financial statements.

82

Table of Contents17. Business Segments
Forum Energy Technologies, Inc. and subsidiaries
Notes to consolidated financial statements (continued)

15. Business segments
Beginning withIn the first quarter of 2016, the Company realigned its segments. Several product lines were combined into a new segment, designated as the Completions segment, in recognition of the expanded operations and their significant growth potential. The Company is reporting its results of operations in the following three reportable segments: Drilling & Subsea , Completions and Production & Infrastructure, instead of the original two reportable segments. Management’s change in the composition of the Company’s2019, we changed our reporting segments was made in order to align with business activity drivers and the customers of our product group, and howmanner in which management reviews and evaluates operating performance. ThisForum now operates in the following 3 reporting segments: Drilling & Downhole, Completions and Production, and we believe that this reporting segment structure better aligns with the key phases of the well cycle and provides improved operating efficiencies. Prior to this change, is reflected on a retrospective basiswe operated in three business segments: Drilling & Subsea, Completions, and Production & Infrastructure. We have moved the Downhole product line from Completions to Drilling & Subsea to form the new Drilling & Downhole segment. Completions retains the Stimulation & Intervention and Coiled Tubing product lines. Finally, we renamed Production & Infrastructure the Production segment. Our historical results of operations have been recast to retrospectively reflect these changes in accordance with GAAP.generally accepted accounting principles.
The Drilling & SubseaDownhole segment designs manufactures and suppliesmanufactures products and provides related services to the drilling, well construction, artificial lift and subsea energy construction and services markets.markets as well as other markets such as alternative energy, defense and communications. The Completions segment designs, manufactures and supplies products and provides related services to the well construction, completion,coiled tubing, stimulation and intervention markets. The Production & Infrastructure segment designs, manufactures and supplies products, and provides related equipment and services for production and infrastructure markets.
The Company’s reportable segments are strategic units that offer distinct products and services. They are managed separately since each business segment requires different marketing strategies. Operating segments have not been aggregated as part of a reportable segment. The Company evaluates the performance of its reportable segments based on operating income. This segmentation is representative of the manner in which our Chief Operating Decision Maker and our Boardboard of Directorsdirectors view the business. We consider the Chief Operating Decision Maker to be the Chief Executive Officer.



83

Table of Contents
Forum Energy Technologies, Inc. and subsidiaries
Notes to consolidated financial statements (continued)

The amounts indicated below as "Corporate"“Corporate” relate to costs and assets not allocated to the reportable segments. Summary financial data by segment follows (in thousands):
  Year ended December 31,
  2016 2015 2014
Net sales:      
Drilling & Subsea $227,872
 $487,299
 $864,320
Completions 127,432
 267,236
 441,345
Production & Infrastructure 233,754
 320,442
 436,271
Intersegment eliminations (1,423) (1,325) (2,219)
Total net sales $587,635
 $1,073,652
 $1,739,717
       
Operating income (loss):      
Drilling & Subsea $(53,589) $6,890
 $131,072
Completions (45,075) 11,124
 126,590
Production & Infrastructure 655
 22,658
 56,148
Corporate (27,440) (28,077) (42,015)
Total segment operating income (loss) (125,449) 12,595
 271,795
Intangible asset and goodwill impairment 
 125,092
 
Transaction expenses 865
 480
 2,326
(Gain)/loss on sale of assets 2,638
 746
 1,431
Income (loss) from operations $(128,952) $(113,723) $268,038
       
Depreciation and amortization      
Drilling & Subsea $27,765
 $33,348
 $36,148
Completions 23,405
 24,317
 20,135
Production & Infrastructure 4,935
 7,377
 7,856
Corporate 5,655
 641
 933
Total depreciation and amortization $61,760
 $65,683
 $65,072
       
Capital expenditures      
Drilling & Subsea $7,822
 $13,803
 $22,891
Completions 2,509
 8,401
 19,942
Production & Infrastructure 1,953
 3,102
 4,569
Corporate 4,544
 6,985
 6,390
Total capital expenditures $16,828
 $32,291
 $53,792
  Year ended December 31,
  2019 2018 2017
Revenue:      
Drilling & Downhole $334,829
 $334,019
 $310,523
Completions 305,089
 373,107
 184,182
Production 320,996
 361,407
 327,287
Eliminations (4,381) (4,314) (3,372)
Total revenue $956,533
 $1,064,219
 $818,620
       
Segment operating income (loss):      
Drilling & Downhole $7,343
 $(33,335) $(47,106)
Completions 6,581
 31,924
 8,797
Production 7,802
 6,022
 7,811
Corporate (28,928) (35,079) (33,427)
Total segment operating loss (7,202) (30,468) (63,925)
Impairments of goodwill, intangible assets, property and equipment 532,336
 363,522
 69,062
Transaction expenses 1,159
 3,446
 6,511
Contingent consideration benefit (4,629) 
 
Loss (gain) on disposal of assets and other 78
 (438) 2,097
Operating loss $(536,146) $(396,998) $(141,595)
       
Depreciation and amortization      
Drilling & Downhole $21,433
 $31,985
 $38,463
Completions 32,780
 33,943
 17,631
Production 8,478
 8,407
 8,608
Corporate 550
 173
 427
Total depreciation and amortization $63,241
 $74,508
 $65,129
A summary of capital expenditures by reportable segment is as follows (in thousands):
  Year ended December 31,
Capital expenditures 2019 2018 2017
Drilling & Downhole $3,169
 $8,067
 $7,093
Completions 3,886
 4,997
 4,789
Production 4,041
 4,877
 6,855
Corporate 4,006
 6,102
 7,972
Total capital expenditures $15,102
 $24,043
 $26,709

89

Table of Contents
Forum Energy Technologies, Inc. and subsidiaries
Notes to consolidated financial statements (continued)

A summary of consolidated assets by reportable segment is as follows (in thousands):
  Year ended December 31,
Assets 2019 2018 2017
Drilling & Downhole $407,779
 $663,414
 $1,057,378
Completions 496,714
 872,731
 790,255
Production 186,786
 243,354
 251,685
Corporate 68,718
 50,153
 95,910
Total assets $1,159,997
 $1,829,652
 $2,195,228
  As of December 31,
Assets 2016 2015 2014
Drilling & Subsea $786,455
 $912,324
 $1,204,416
Completions 675,987
 728,745
 726,972
Production & Infrastructure 175,940
 187,741
 231,771
Corporate 196,810
 57,232
 50,943
Total assets $1,835,192
 $1,886,042
 $2,214,102

Corporate assets primarily include primarily deferred tax assetscash, certain prepaid expenses and deferred loan costs.

A summary of long-lived assets by country is as follows (in thousands):
84
  Year ended December 31,
Long-lived assets: 2019 2018 2017
United States $397,219
 $868,295
 $1,087,381
Europe 54,519
 100,451
 213,008
Canada 32,703
 87,221
 88,280
Asia-Pacific 1,707
 984
 7,984
Middle East 5,653
 6,049
 7,362
Latin America 2,279
 635
 832
Total long-lived assets $494,080
 $1,063,635
 $1,404,847

The following table presents our revenues disaggregated by geography based on shipping destination (in thousands):
  Year ended December 31,
  2019 2018 2017
Revenue: $% $% $%
United States $670,205
70.1% $811,724
76.3% $621,445
76.0%
Canada 62,651
6.5% 68,635
6.4% 60,898
7.4%
Europe & Africa 71,527
7.5% 57,632
5.4% 61,134
7.5%
Middle East 62,169
6.5% 54,541
5.1% 25,634
3.1%
Asia-Pacific 59,517
6.2% 46,503
4.4% 28,694
3.5%
Latin America 30,464
3.2% 25,184
2.4% 20,815
2.5%
Total Revenue $956,533
100.0% $1,064,219
100.0% $818,620
100.0%

The following table presents our revenues disaggregated by product line (in thousands):
  Year ended December 31,
  2019 2018 2017
Revenue: $% $% $%
Drilling Technologies $157,648
16.6 % $178,260
16.6 % $168,816
20.6 %
Downhole Technologies 116,104
12.1 % 104,974
9.9 % 76,010
9.3 %
Subsea Technologies 61,077
6.4 % 50,785
4.8 % 65,697
8.0 %
Stimulation and Intervention 162,025
16.9 % 228,721
21.5 % 148,666
18.2 %
Coiled Tubing 143,064
15.0 % 144,386
13.6 % 35,516
4.3 %
Production Equipment 122,654
12.8 % 141,169
13.3 % 124,323
15.2 %
Valve Solutions 198,342
20.7 % 220,238
20.7 % 202,964
24.8 %
Eliminations (4,381)(0.5)% (4,314)(0.4)% (3,372)(0.4)%
Total revenue $956,533
100.0 % $1,064,219
100.0 % $818,620
100.0 %


90

Table of Contents
Forum Energy Technologies, Inc. and subsidiaries
Notes to consolidated financial statements (continued)


Net sales by shipping destination and long-lived assets by country were as follows (in thousands):
  Year ended December 31,
Net sales: 2016 2015 2014
  $% $% $%
United States $361,941
61.7% $646,928
60.3% $1,049,609
60.3%
Europe & Africa 77,847
13.2% 188,414
17.5% 305,376
17.6%
Asia-Pacific 51,880
8.8% 69,923
6.5% 154,669
8.9%
Middle East 25,975
4.4% 59,680
5.6% 65,498
3.8%
Canada 42,520
7.2% 57,837
5.4% 103,077
5.9%
Latin America 27,472
4.7% 50,870
4.7% 61,488
3.5%
Total net sales $587,635
100.0% $1,073,652
100.0% $1,739,717
100.0%
  As of December 31,
Long-lived assets: 2016 2015 2014
United States $809,545
 $869,388
 $932,173
Europe & Africa 184,768
 202,852
 313,589
Canada 79,403
 83,688
 59,207
Asia-Pacific 7,855
 8,192
 9,132
Middle East 3,175
 3,189
 3,192
Latin America 730
 921
 1,650
Total long-lived assets $1,085,476
 $1,168,230
 $1,318,943
Net sales by product lines were as follows (in thousands):
  Year ended December 31, 
Net sales: 2016 2015 2014
  $% $% $%
Drilling Technologies $139,458
23.7 % $298,209
27.7 % $543,281
31.1 %
Subsea Technologies 88,414
15.0 % 189,090
17.6 % 321,039
18.5 %
Downhole Technologies 55,191
9.4 % 106,532
9.9 % 190,771
11.0 %
Stimulation and Intervention 72,241
12.3 % 160,704
15.0 % 250,574
14.4 %
Production Equipment 77,166
13.1 % 145,927
13.6 % 228,815
13.2 %
Valve Solutions 156,588
26.6 % 174,515
16.3 % 207,456
11.9 %
Eliminations (1,423)(0.1)% (1,325)(0.1)% (2,219)(0.1)%
Total net sales $587,635
100.0 % $1,073,652
100.0 % $1,739,717
100.0 %

85

Table of Contents
Forum Energy Technologies, Inc. and subsidiaries
Notes to consolidated financial statements (continued)

16.18. Condensed consolidating financial statementsConsolidating Financial Statements
The Senior Notes are guaranteed by our domestic subsidiaries which are 100% owned, directly or indirectly, by the Company. The guarantees are full and unconditional, joint and several and on an unsecured basis.
Condensed consolidating statements of operations and comprehensive income (loss)
           
  December 31, 2016
  FET (Parent) Guarantor Subsidiaries Non-Guarantor Subsidiaries Eliminations Consolidated
      (in thousands)    
Net sales $
 $436,785
 $198,684
 $(47,834) $587,635
Cost of sales 
 375,509
 161,190
 (48,799) 487,900
Gross profit 
 61,276
 37,494
��965
 99,735
Operating expenses          
Selling, general and administrative expenses 
 187,974
 39,034
 
 227,008
Transaction expenses 
 825
 40
 
 865
Loss on sale of assets 
 2,616
 22
 
 2,638
Total operating expenses 
 191,415
 39,096
 
 230,511
Earnings (loss) from equity investment 
 1,824
 
 
 1,824
Equity earnings from affiliate, net of tax (62,180) 14,663
 
 47,517
 
Operating income (loss) (62,180) (113,652) (1,602) 48,482
 (128,952)
Other expense (income)          
Interest expense 27,480
 (110) 40
 
 27,410
Foreign exchange (gains) losses and other, net 
 (5,264) (16,077) 
 (21,341)
Deferred loan costs written off 2,978
 
 
 
 2,978
Total other expense (income) 30,458
 (5,374) (16,037) 
 9,047
Income (loss) before income taxes (92,638) (108,278) 14,435
 48,482
 (137,999)
Provision for income tax expense (benefit) (10,660) (46,098) 707
 
 (56,051)
Net income (loss) (81,978) (62,180) 13,728
 48,482
 (81,948)
Less: Loss attributable to noncontrolling interest 
 
 30
 
 30
Net income (loss) attributable to common stockholders (81,978) (62,180) 13,698
 48,482
 (81,978)
           
Other comprehensive income (loss), net of tax:          
Net income (loss) (81,978) (62,180) 13,728
 48,482
 (81,948)
Change in foreign currency translation, net of tax of $0 (45,722) (45,722) (45,722) 91,444
 (45,722)
Change in pension liability (335) (335) (335) 670
 (335)
Comprehensive income (loss) (128,035) (108,237) (32,329) 140,596
 (128,005)
Less: comprehensive (income) loss attributable to noncontrolling interests 
 
 (162) 
 (162)
Comprehensive income (loss) attributable to common stockholders $(128,035) $(108,237) $(32,491) $140,596
 $(128,167)
Condensed consolidating statements of comprehensive loss
           
  Year ended December 31, 2019
  FET (Parent) Guarantor Subsidiaries Non-Guarantor Subsidiaries Eliminations Consolidated
  (in thousands)
Revenue $
 $811,566
 $211,665
 $(66,698) $956,533
Cost of sales 
 614,429
 162,715
 (65,463) 711,681
Gross Profit 
 197,137
 48,950
 (1,235) 244,852
Operating Expenses          
Selling, general and administrative expenses 69
 208,862
 42,805
 
 251,736
Goodwill and intangible assets impairment 
 487,212
 45,124
 
 532,336
Transaction Expenses 
 1,067
 92
 
 1,159
Contingent consideration benefit 
 (4,629) 
 
 (4,629)
Loss (gain) on disposal of assets and other 
 201
 (123) 
 78
Total operating expenses 69
 692,713
 87,898
 
 780,680
Earnings (loss) from equity investment 
 (668) 350
 
 (318)
Equity loss from affiliate, net of tax (535,435) (53,778) 
 589,213
 
Operating loss (535,504) (550,022) (38,598) 587,978
 (536,146)
Other expense (income)          
Interest expense (income) 31,553
 (84) 149
 
 31,618
Foreign exchange and other losses (gains), net 
 (138) 5,160
 
 5,022
(Gain) loss realized on previously held equity investment 
 (14,045) 12,478
 
 (1,567)
Gain on disposition of Business 
 (2,348) 
 
 (2,348)
Total other (income) expense, net 31,553
 (16,615) 17,787
 
 32,725
Loss before income taxes (567,057) (533,407) (56,385) 587,978
 (568,871)
Income tax expense (benefit) 
 2,028
 (3,842) 
 (1,814)
Net loss (567,057) (535,435) (52,543) 587,978
 (567,057)
           
Other comprehensive income (loss), net of tax:          
Net loss (567,057) (535,435) (52,543) 587,978
 (567,057)
Change in foreign currency translation, net of tax of $0 7,958
 7,958
 7,958
 (15,916) 7,958
Loss on pension liability (1,666) (1,666) (1,666) 3,332
 (1,666)
Comprehensive loss $(560,765) $(529,143) $(46,251) $575,394
 $(560,765)


8691

Table of Contents
Forum Energy Technologies, Inc. and subsidiaries
Notes to consolidated financial statements (continued)


Condensed consolidating statements of operations and comprehensive income (loss)
           
  December 31, 2015
  FET (Parent) Guarantor Subsidiaries Non-Guarantor Subsidiaries Eliminations Consolidated
      (in thousands)    
Net sales $
 $810,890
 $369,186
 $(106,424) $1,073,652
Cost of sales 
 646,076
 269,900
 (105,001) 810,975
Gross profit 
 164,814
 99,286
 (1,423) 262,677
Operating expenses          
Selling, general and administrative expenses 
 201,904
 63,002
 
 264,906
Goodwill and intangible assets impairment 
 57,392
 67,700
 
 125,092
Transaction expenses 
 480
 
 
 480
(Gain) loss on sale of assets 
 943
 (197) 
 746
Total operating expenses 
 260,719
 130,505
 
 391,224
Earnings from equity investment 
 14,824
 
 
 14,824
Equity earnings from affiliate, net of tax (99,908) (28,419) 
 128,327
 
Operating income (loss) (99,908) (109,500) (31,219) 126,904
 (113,723)
Other expense (income)          
Interest expense 29,914
 10
 21
 
 29,945
Foreign exchange (gains) losses and other, net 
 (479) (8,866) 
 (9,345)
Total other expense (income) 29,914
 (469) (8,845) 
 20,600
Income (loss) before income taxes (129,822) (109,031) (22,374) 126,904
 (134,323)
Provision (benefit) for income tax expense (10,469) (9,123) 4,653
 
 (14,939)
Net income (loss) (119,353) (99,908) (27,027) 126,904
 (119,384)
Less: Loss attributable to noncontrolling interest 
 
 (31) 
 (31)
Net income (loss) attributable to common stockholders (119,353) (99,908) (26,996) 126,904
 (119,353)
           
Other comprehensive income (loss), net of tax:          
Net income (loss) (119,353) (99,908) (27,027) 126,904
 (119,384)
Change in foreign currency translation, net of tax of $0 (45,270) (45,270) (45,270) 90,540
 (45,270)
Change in pension liability 46
 46
 46
 (92) 46
Comprehensive income (loss) (164,577) (145,132) (72,251) 217,352
 (164,608)
Less: comprehensive (income) loss attributable to noncontrolling interests 
 
 168
 
 168
Comprehensive income (loss) attributable to common stockholders $(164,577) $(145,132) $(72,083) $217,352
 $(164,440)
Condensed consolidating statements of comprehensive loss
           
  Year ended December 31, 2018
  FET (Parent) Guarantor Subsidiaries Non-Guarantor Subsidiaries Eliminations Consolidated
  (in thousands)
Revenue $
 $936,319
 $187,647
 $(59,747) $1,064,219
Cost of sales 
 717,519
 151,787
 (61,459) 807,847
Gross Profit 
 218,800
 35,860
 1,712
 256,372
Operating Expenses          
Selling, general and administrative expenses 
 231,492
 55,488
 
 286,980
Goodwill and intangible assets impairment 
 233,635
 129,887
 
 363,522
Transaction Expenses 
 2,926
 520
 
 3,446
Loss (gain) on disposal of assets and other 
 (1,274) 836
 
 (438)
Total operating expenses 
 466,779
 186,731
 
 653,510
Earnings (loss) from equity investment 
 529
 (389) 
 140
Equity loss from affiliate, net of tax (348,557) (118,601) 
 467,158
 
Operating loss (348,557) (366,051) (151,260) 468,870
 (396,998)
Other expense (income)          
Interest expense 32,307
 158
 67
 
 32,532
Foreign exchange and other gains, net 
 (296) (5,974) 
 (6,270)
(Gain) loss on contribution of subsea rentals business 
 5,856
 (39,362) 
 (33,506)
Total other (income) expense, net 32,307
 5,718
 (45,269) 
 (7,244)
Loss before income taxes (380,864) (371,769) (105,991) 468,870
 (389,754)
Income tax expense (benefit) (6,784) (23,212) 14,322
 
 (15,674)
Net loss (374,080) (348,557) (120,313) 468,870
 (374,080)
           
Other comprehensive income (loss), net of tax:          
Net loss (374,080) (348,557) (120,313) 468,870
 (374,080)
Change in foreign currency translation, net of tax of $0 (24,752) (24,752) (24,752) 49,504
 (24,752)
Gain on pension liability 1,489
 1,489
 1,489
 (2,978) 1,489
Comprehensive loss $(397,343) $(371,820) $(143,576) $515,396
 $(397,343)


8792

Table of Contents
Forum Energy Technologies, Inc. and subsidiaries
Notes to consolidated financial statements (continued)


Condensed consolidating statements of comprehensive loss
           
  Year ended December 31, 2017
  FET (Parent) Guarantor Subsidiaries Non-Guarantor Subsidiaries Eliminations Consolidated
  (in thousands)
Revenue $
 $703,409
 $182,417
 $(67,206) $818,620
Cost of sales 
 550,931
 145,743
 (66,842) 629,832
Gross Profit 
 152,478
 36,674
 (364) 188,788
Operating Expenses          
Selling, general and administrative expenses 
 205,672
 48,041
 
 253,713
Goodwill and intangible assets impairment 
 33,301
 35,761
 
 69,062
Transaction Expenses 
 6,521
 (10) 
 6,511
Loss on disposal of assets and other 
 1,981
 116
 
 2,097
Total operating expenses 
 247,475
 83,908
 
 331,383
Earnings from equity investment 
 1,000
 
 
 1,000
Equity loss from affiliate, net of tax (41,253) (53,682) 
 94,935
 
Operating loss (41,253) (147,679) (47,234) 94,571
 (141,595)
Other expense (income)          
Interest expense (income) 27,919
 (569) (542) 
 26,808
Foreign exchange and other losses (gains), net 
 (118) 7,386
 
 7,268
Gain realized on previously held equity investment 
 (120,392) 
 
 (120,392)
Total other (income) expense, net 27,919
 (121,079) 6,844
 
 (86,316)
Loss before income taxes (69,172) (26,600) (54,078) 94,571
 (55,279)
Income tax expense (benefit) (9,772) 14,653
 (760) 
 4,121
Net loss (59,400) (41,253) (53,318) 94,571
 (59,400)
           
Other comprehensive income (loss), net of tax:          
Net loss (59,400) (41,253) (53,318) 94,571
 (59,400)
Change in foreign currency translation, net of tax of $0 36,163
 36,163
 36,163
 (72,326) 36,163
Gain on pension liability 107
 107
 107
 (214) 107
Comprehensive loss (23,130) (4,983) (17,048) 22,031
 (23,130)

Condensed consolidating statements of operations and comprehensive income
           
  December 31, 2014
  FET (Parent) Guarantor Subsidiaries Non-Guarantor Subsidiaries Eliminations Consolidated
      (in thousands)    
Net sales $
 $1,266,376
 $637,205
 $(163,864) $1,739,717
Cost of sales 
 887,428
 453,785
 (160,948) 1,180,265
Gross profit 
 378,948
 183,420
 (2,916) 559,452
Operating expenses          
Selling, general and administrative expenses 
 244,577
 68,244
 
 312,821
Other operating expense 
 3,564
 193
 
 3,757
Total operating expenses 
 248,141
 68,437
 
 316,578
Earnings (loss) from equity investment 
 25,164
 
 
 25,164
Equity earnings from affiliate, net of tax 193,724
 90,067
 
 (283,791) 
Operating income 193,724
 246,038
 114,983
 (286,707) 268,038
Other expense (income)          
Interest expense 29,783
 78
 (14) 
 29,847
Interest income with affiliate 
 (5,770) 
 5,770
 
Interest expense with affiliate 
 
 5,770
 (5,770) 
Foreign exchange (gains) losses and other, net 
 116
 (4,447) 
 (4,331)
Total other expense (income) 29,783
 (5,576) 1,309
 
 25,516
Income before income taxes 163,941
 251,614
 113,674
 (286,707) 242,522
Provision for income tax expense (10,424) 57,890
 20,679
 
 68,145
Net income 174,365
 193,724
 92,995
 (286,707) 174,377
Less: Income attributable to noncontrolling interest 
 
 12
 
 12
Net income attributable to common stockholders 174,365
 193,724
 92,983
 (286,707) 174,365
           
Other comprehensive income, net of tax:          
Net income 174,365
 193,724
 92,995
 (286,707) 174,377
Change in foreign currency translation, net of tax of $0 (43,694) (43,694) (43,694) 87,388
 (43,694)
Change in pension liability (1,110) (1,110) (1,110) 2,220
 (1,110)
Comprehensive income 129,561
 148,920
 48,191
 (197,099) 129,573
Less: comprehensive (income) loss attributable to noncontrolling interests 
 
 46
 
 46
Comprehensive income attributable to common stockholders $129,561
 $148,920
 $48,237
 $(197,099) $129,619


8893

Table of Contents
Forum Energy Technologies, Inc. and subsidiaries
Notes to consolidated financial statements (continued)


Condensed consolidating balance sheets
                    
 December 31, 2016 December 31, 2019
 FET (Parent) Guarantor Subsidiaries Non-Guarantor Subsidiaries Eliminations Consolidated FET (Parent) Guarantor Subsidiaries Non-Guarantor Subsidiaries Eliminations Consolidated
     (in thousands)     (in thousands)
Assets                    
Current assets                    
Cash and cash equivalents $65
 $143,275
 $91,082
 $
 $234,422
 $
 $32,387
 $25,524
 $
 $57,911
Accounts receivable—trade, net 
 77,229
 28,039
 
 105,268
 
 116,862
 37,320
 
 154,182
Inventories 
 269,036
 77,987
 (8,440) 338,583
Income tax receivable 
 32,801
 
 
 32,801
Cost and profits in excess of billings 
 4,477
 4,722
 
 9,199
Other current assets 
 21,013
 8,430
 
 29,443
Inventories, net 
 344,920
 78,047
 (8,327) 414,640
Prepaid expenses and other current assets 
 31,485
 2,335
 
 33,820
Costs and estimated profits in excess of billings 
 4,029
 75
 
 4,104
Accrued revenue 
 428
 832
 
 1,260
Total current assets 65
 547,831
 210,260
 (8,440) 749,716
 
 530,111
 144,133
 (8,327) 665,917
Property and equipment, net of accumulated depreciation 
 127,094
 25,118
 
 152,212
 
 133,974
 20,862
 
 154,836
Deferred financing costs, net 1,112
 
 
 
 1,112
 1,243
 
 
 
 1,243
Deferred income taxes, net 
 
 851
 
 851
Intangibles 
 166,437
 49,981
 
 216,418
Operating lease assets 
 29,518
 19,164
 
 48,682
Intangible assets 
 245,507
 26,793
 
 272,300
Goodwill 
 481,374
 171,369
 
 652,743
 
 
 
 
 
Investment in unconsolidated subsidiary 
 59,140
 
 
 59,140
 
 
 
 
 
Deferred income taxes, net 
 
 654
 
 654
Other long-term assets 
 6,682
 9,683
 
 16,365
Investment in affiliates 1,080,337
 460,166
 
 (1,540,503) 
 348,623
 218,228
 
 (566,851) 
Long-term loan and advances to affiliates 557,061
 
 71,057
 (628,118) 
Other long-term assets 
 2,322
 678
 
 3,000
Long-term advances to affiliates 541,351
 
 116,053
 (657,404) 
Total assets $1,638,575
 $1,844,364
 $529,314
 $(2,177,061) $1,835,192
 $891,217
 $1,164,020
 $337,342
 $(1,232,582) $1,159,997
Liabilities and equity                    
Current liabilities                    
Current portion of long-term debt $
 $23
 $101
 $
 $124
 $
 $566
 $151
 $
 $717
Accounts payable—trade 
 59,261
 14,514
 
 73,775
 
 75,999
 22,721
 
 98,720
Accrued liabilities 6,708
 40,630
 8,266
 
 55,604
 7,640
 35,746
 43,239
 
 86,625
Deferred revenue 
 1,206
 7,132
 
 8,338
 
 1,616
 3,261
 
 4,877
Billings in excess of costs and profits recognized 
 1,799
 2,205
 
 4,004
 
 787
 5,124
 
 5,911
Total current liabilities 6,708
 102,919
 32,218
 
 141,845
 7,640
 114,714
 74,496
 
 196,850
Long-term debt, net of current portion 396,665
 
 82
 
 396,747
 397,538
 1,128
 196
 
 398,862
Long-term loans and payables to affiliates 
 628,118
 
 (628,118) 
Deferred income taxes, net 
 17,650
 8,535
 
 26,185
 
 
 2,465
 
 2,465
Operating Lease liabilities 
 29,896
 20,042
 
 49,938
Other long-term liabilities 
 15,340
 19,314
 
 34,654
 
 12,255
 13,588
 
 25,843
Long-term payables to affiliates 
 657,404
 
 (657,404) 
Total liabilities 403,373
 764,027
 60,149
 (628,118) 599,431
 405,178
 815,397
 110,787
 (657,404) 673,958
                   
Total stockholder's equity 1,235,202
 1,080,337
 468,606
 (1,548,943) 1,235,202
Noncontrolling interest in subsidiary 
 
 559
 
 559
Equity 1,235,202
 1,080,337
 469,165
 (1,548,943) 1,235,761
Total equity 486,039
 348,623
 226,555
 (575,178) 486,039
Total liabilities and equity $1,638,575
 $1,844,364
 $529,314
 $(2,177,061) $1,835,192
 $891,217
 $1,164,020
 $337,342
 $(1,232,582) $1,159,997


8994

Table of Contents
Forum Energy Technologies, Inc. and subsidiaries
Notes to consolidated financial statements (continued)


Condensed consolidating balance sheets
           
  December 31, 2018
  FET (Parent) Guarantor Subsidiaries Non-Guarantor Subsidiaries Eliminations Consolidated
  (in thousands)
Assets          
Current assets          
Cash and cash equivalents $
 $24,977
 $22,264
 $
 $47,241
Accounts receivable—trade, net 
 177,986
 28,069
 
 206,055
Inventories, net 
 416,237
 69,878
 (7,092) 479,023
Prepaid expenses and other current assets 
 23,585
 92
 
 23,677
Costs and estimated profits in excess of billings 
 6,202
 2,957
 
 9,159
Accrued revenue 
 
 862
 
 862
Total current assets 
 648,987
 124,122
 (7,092) 766,017
Property and equipment, net of accumulated depreciation 
 156,434
 20,924
 
 177,358
Deferred financing costs, net 2,071
 
 
 
 2,071
Intangible assets 
 320,056
 38,992
 
 359,048
Goodwill 
 433,415
 36,232
 
 469,647
Investment in unconsolidated subsidiary 
 1,222
 43,760
 
 44,982
Deferred income taxes, net 
 1,170
 64
 
 1,234
Other long-term assets 
 4,194
 5,101
 
 9,295
Investment in affiliates 877,764
 265,714
 
 (1,143,478) 
Long-term advances to affiliates 674,220
 
 98,532
 (772,752) 
Total assets $1,554,055
 $1,831,192
 $367,727
 $(1,923,322) $1,829,652
Liabilities and equity          
Current liabilities          
Current portion of long-term debt $
 $1,150
 $17
 $
 $1,167
Accounts payable—trade 
 121,019
 22,167
 
 143,186
Accrued liabilities 6,873
 40,913
 33,246
 
 81,032
Deferred revenue 
 4,742
 3,593
 
 8,335
Billings in excess of costs and profits recognized 
 84
 3,126
 
 3,210
Total current liabilities 6,873
 167,908
 62,149
 
 236,930
Long-term debt, net of current portion 517,056
 480
 8
 
 517,544
Deferred income taxes, net 
 
 15,299
 
 15,299
Other long-term liabilities 
 12,288
 17,465
 
 29,753
Long-term payables to affiliates 
 772,752
 
 (772,752) 
Total liabilities 523,929
 953,428
 94,921
 (772,752) 799,526
           
Total equity 1,030,126
 877,764
 272,806
 (1,150,570) 1,030,126
Total liabilities and equity $1,554,055
 $1,831,192
 $367,727
 $(1,923,322) $1,829,652

Condensed consolidating balance sheets
           
  December 31, 2015
  FET (Parent) Guarantor Subsidiaries Non-Guarantor Subsidiaries Eliminations Consolidated
      (in thousands)    
Assets          
Current assets          
Cash and cash equivalents $
 $36,884
 $72,365
 $
 $109,249
Accounts receivable—trade, net 
 85,537
 53,060
 
 138,597
Inventories 
 318,360
 115,165
 (9,404) 424,121
Cost and profits in excess of billings 
 6,477
 5,532
 
 12,009
Other current assets 
 25,447
 8,389
 
 33,836
Total current assets 
 472,705
 254,511
 (9,404) 717,812
Property and equipment, net of accumulated depreciation 
 153,995
 32,672
 
 186,667
Deferred financing costs, net 4,125
 
 
 
 4,125
Deferred income taxes, net 
 
 780
 
 780
Intangibles 
 186,234
 60,416
 
 246,650
Goodwill 
 481,374
 187,662
 
 669,036
Investment in unconsolidated subsidiary 
 57,719
 
 
 57,719
Investment in affiliates 1,188,707
 514,893
 
 (1,703,600) 
Long-term advances to affiliates 467,184
 
 60,221
 (527,405) 
Other long-term assets 
 2,549
 704
 
 3,253
Total assets $1,660,016
 $1,869,469
 $596,966
 $(2,240,409) $1,886,042
Liabilities and equity          
Current liabilities          
Current portion of long-term debt $
 $243
 $10
 $
 $253
Accounts payable—trade 
 57,529
 19,294
 
 76,823
Accrued liabilities 7,026
 40,875
 10,662
 
 58,563
Deferred revenue 
 1,334
 5,949
 
 7,283
Billings in excess of cost and profit recognized 
 1,872
 6,759
 
 $8,631
Total current liabilities 7,026
 101,853
 42,674
 
 151,553
Long-term debt, net of current portion 395,970
 34
 12
 
 396,016
Long-term payables to affiliates 
 527,406
 
 (527,406) 
Deferred income tax, net $
 $36,937
 $14,163
 $
 51,100
Other long-term liabilities 
 14,533
 15,423
 
 29,956
Total liabilities 402,996
 680,763
 72,272
 (527,406) 628,625
           
Total stockholder's equity 1,257,020
 1,188,706
 524,297
 (1,713,003) 1,257,020
Noncontrolling interest in subsidiary 
 
 397
 
 397
Equity 1,257,020
 1,188,706
 524,694
 (1,713,003)
1,257,417
Total liabilities and equity $1,660,016
 $1,869,469
 $596,966
 $(2,240,409) $1,886,042




9095

Table of Contents
Forum Energy Technologies, Inc. and subsidiaries
Notes to consolidated financial statements (continued)


Condensed consolidating statements of cash flows
                    
 Year ended December 31, 2016 Year ended December 31, 2019
 FET (Parent) Guarantor Subsidiaries Non-Guarantor Subsidiaries Eliminations Consolidated FET (Parent) Guarantor Subsidiaries Non-Guarantor Subsidiaries Eliminations Consolidated
     (in thousands)     (in thousands)
Cash flows from (used in) operating activities $(16,882) $31,055
 $73,772
 $(23,203) $64,742
Cash flows from operating activities $(28,883) $143,219
 $(10,192) $
 $104,144
Cash flows from investing activities                    
Capital expenditures for property and equipment 
 (13,619) (1,483) 
 (15,102)
Acquisition of businesses, net of cash acquired 
 (4,072) 
 
 (4,072) 
 
 
 
 
Capital expenditures for property and equipment 
 (12,033) (4,795) 
 (16,828)
Investment in unconsolidated subsidiary 
 
 
 
 
Proceeds from sale of business, property and equipment 
 18,522
 24,715
 
 43,237
Long-term loans and advances to affiliates (69,340) 12,912
 
 56,428
 
 148,977
 
 (10,362) (138,615) 
Other 
 9,442
 321
 
 9,763
Net cash provided by (used in) investing activities (69,340) 6,249
 (4,474) 56,428
 (11,137)
Net cash provided by investing activities 148,977
 4,903
 12,870
 (138,615) 28,135
Cash flows from financing activities                    
Borrowings under credit facility 
 
 
 
 
Repayment of long-term debt 
 
 
 
 
Borrowings of debt 137,000
 
 
 
 137,000
Repayments of debt (256,000) (900) 
 
 (256,900)
Repurchases of stock (1,094) 
 
 
 (1,094)
Proceeds from stock issuance 
 
 
 
 
Payment of capital lease obligations 
 (1,197) 
 
 (1,197)
Long-term loans and advances to affiliates 
 69,340
 (12,912) (56,428) 
 
 (138,615) 
 138,615
 
Dividend paid to affiliates 
 
 (23,203) 23,203
 
 
 
 
 
 
Repurchases of stock (623) 
 
 
 (623)
Proceeds from stock issuance 87,676
 
 
 
 87,676
Other (766) (253) 161
 
 (858)
Net cash provided by (used in) financing activities 86,287
 69,087
 (35,954) (33,225) 86,195
Net cash used in financing activities (120,094) (140,712) 
 138,615
 (122,191)
          
Effect of exchange rate changes on cash 
 
 (14,627) 
 (14,627) 
 
 582
 
 582
Net increase (decrease) in cash and cash equivalents 65
 106,391
 18,717
 
 125,173
Cash and cash equivalents          
Beginning of period 
 36,884
 72,365
 
 109,249
End of period $65
 $143,275
 $91,082
 $
 $234,422
          
Net increase in cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash 
 7,410
 3,260
 
 10,670
Cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash at beginning of period 
 24,977
 22,264
 
 47,241
Cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash at end of period $
 $32,387
 $25,524
 $
 $57,911




9196

Table of Contents
Forum Energy Technologies, Inc. and subsidiaries
Notes to consolidated financial statements (continued)


Condensed consolidating statements of cash flows
                    
 Year ended December 31, 2015 Year ended December 31, 2018
 FET (Parent) Guarantor Subsidiaries Non-Guarantor Subsidiaries Eliminations Consolidated FET (Parent) Guarantor Subsidiaries Non-Guarantor Subsidiaries Eliminations Consolidated
     (in thousands)     (in thousands)
Cash flows from (used in) operating activities $(17,306) $112,629
 $60,590
 $
 $155,913
Cash flows from operating activities $10,461
 $(76) $15,972
 $(23,950) $2,407
Cash flows from investing activities                    
Capital expenditures for property and equipment 
 (20,288) (3,755) 
 (24,043)
Acquisition of businesses, net of cash acquired 
 (60,836) 
 
 (60,836) 
 (60,622) 
 
 (60,622)
Capital expenditures for property and equipment 
 (23,035) (9,256) 
 (32,291)
Proceeds from sale of business, property and equipment 
 5,192
 4,066
 
 9,258
Long-term loans and advances to affiliates 38,019
 41,755
 
 (79,774) 
 (18,130) 9,690
 
 8,440
 
Other 
 1,057
 764
 
 1,821
Net cash provided by (used in) investing activities 38,019
 (41,059) (8,492) (79,774) (91,306) (18,130) (66,028) 311
 8,440
 (75,407)
Cash flows from financing activities                    
Borrowings under credit facility 94,984
 
 
 
 94,984
Repayment of long-term debt (120,077) 
 
 
 (120,077)
Long-term loans and advances to affiliates 
 (38,019) (41,755) 79,774
 
Borrowings of debt 221,980
 
 
 
 221,980
Repayments of debt (211,783) 
 
 
 (211,783)
Repurchases of stock (6,438) 
 
 
 (6,438) (2,777) 
 
 
 (2,777)
Proceeds from stock issuance 5,275
 
 
 
 5,275
 249
 
 
 
 249
Other (8) (673) 
 
 (681)
Payment of capital lease obligations 
 (1,030) (117) 
 (1,147)
Long-term loans and advances to affiliates 
 18,130
 (9,690) (8,440) 
Dividend paid to affiliates 
 
 (23,950) 23,950
 
Net cash provided by (used in) financing activities (26,264) (38,692) (41,755) 79,774
 (26,937) 7,669
 17,100
 (33,757) 15,510
 6,522
          
Effect of exchange rate changes on cash 
 
 (5,000) 
 (5,000) 
 
 (1,497) 
 (1,497)
Net increase (decrease) in cash and cash equivalents (5,551) 32,878
 5,343
 
 32,670
Cash and cash equivalents          
Beginning of period 5,551
 4,006
 67,022
 
 76,579
End of period $
 $36,884
 $72,365
 $
 $109,249
          
Net decrease in cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash 
 (49,004) (18,971) 
 (67,975)
Cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash at beginning of period 
 73,981
 41,235
 
 115,216
Cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash at end of period $
 $24,977
 $22,264
 $
 $47,241




9297

Table of Contents
Forum Energy Technologies, Inc. and subsidiaries
Notes to consolidated financial statements (continued)


Condensed consolidating statements of cash flows
           
  Year ended December 31, 2017
  FET (Parent) Guarantor Subsidiaries Non-Guarantor Subsidiaries Eliminations Consolidated
  (in thousands)
Cash flows from operating activities $(15,718) $483
 $3,702
 $(28,500) $(40,033)
Cash flows from investing activities          
Capital expenditures for property and equipment 
 (20,499) (6,210) 
 (26,709)
Acquisition of businesses, net of cash acquired 
 (157,297) (4,892) 
 (162,189)
Investment in unconsolidated subsidiary 
 (1,041) 
 
 (1,041)
Proceeds from sale of property and equipment 
 2,038
 (67) 
 1,971
Long-term loans and advances to affiliates (86,097) 22,072
 
 64,025
 
Net cash used in investing activities (86,097) (154,727) (11,169) 64,025
 (187,968)
Cash flows from financing activities          
Borrowings of debt 107,431
 
 
 
 107,431
Repurchases of stock (4,742) 
 
 
 (4,742)
Proceeds from stock issuance 1,491
 
 
 
 1,491
Payment of capital lease obligations 
 (1,147) (40) 
 (1,187)
Deferred financing costs (2,430) 
 
 
 (2,430)
Long-term loans and advances to affiliates 
 86,097
 (22,072) (64,025) 
Dividend paid to affiliates 
 
 (28,500) 28,500
 
Net cash provided by (used in) financing activities 101,750
 84,950
 (50,612) (35,525) 100,563
           
Effect of exchange rate changes on cash 
 
 8,232
 
 8,232
           
Net decrease in cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash (65) (69,294) (49,847) 
 (119,206)
Cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash at beginning of period 65
 143,275
 91,082
 
 234,422
Cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash at end of period $
 $73,981
 $41,235
 $
 $115,216

Condensed consolidating statements of cash flows
           
  Year ended December 31, 2014
  FET (Parent) Guarantor Subsidiaries Non-Guarantor Subsidiaries Eliminations Consolidated
      (in thousands)    
Cash flows from (used in) operating activities $(16,796) $175,700
 $111,062
 $
 $269,966
Cash flows from investing activities          
Acquisition of businesses, net of cash acquired 
 
 (38,289) 
 (38,289)
Capital expenditures for property and equipment 
 (42,334) (11,458) 
 (53,792)
Long-term loans and advances to affiliates 191,290
 34,010
 
 (225,300) 
Other 
 20,862
 528
 
 21,390
Net cash provided by (used in) investing activities 191,290
 12,538
 (49,219) (225,300) (70,691)
Cash flows from financing activities          
Borrowings under credit facility 15,000
 423
 
 
 15,423
Repayment of long-term debt (98,406) 124
 (133) 
 (98,415)
Long-term loans and advances to affiliates 
 (191,290) (34,010) 225,300
 
Repurchase of stock (96,632) 
 
 
 (96,632)
Proceeds from stock issuance 11,101
 
 
 
 11,101
Other (6) 6,511
 
 
 6,505
Net cash provided by (used in) financing activities (168,943) (184,232) (34,143) 225,300
 (162,018)
Effect of exchange rate changes on cash 
 
 (260) 
 (260)
Net increase (decrease) in cash and cash equivalents 5,551
 4,006
 27,440
 
 36,997
Cash and cash equivalents          
Beginning of period 
 
 39,582
 
 39,582
End of period $5,551
 $4,006
 $67,022
 $
 $76,579




9398

Table of Contents
Forum Energy Technologies, Inc. and subsidiaries
Notes to consolidated financial statements (continued)


17.19. Quarterly resultsResults of operations (unaudited)Operations (Unaudited)
The following tables summarize the Company'sCompany’s results by quarter for the years ended December 31, 20162019 and 2015.2018. The quarterly results may not be comparable primarily due to acquisitions and dispositions in 2016, 20152019, 2018 and 2014.2017. Refer to Note 3, 4 Acquisitions & Dispositions for further information.
20162019
(in thousands, except per share information)Q1 Q2 Q3 Q4Q1 Q2 Q3 Q4
Net sales$159,441
 $142,723
 $138,268
 $147,203
Revenues$271,842
 $245,648
 $239,266
 $199,777
Cost of sales124,884
 137,442
 108,984
 116,590
201,744
 182,460
 176,632
 150,845
Gross profit34,557
 5,281
 29,284
 30,613
70,098
 63,188
 62,634
 48,932
Total operating expenses(1)60,147
 58,375
 55,920
 56,069
64,952
 63,022
 595,954
 56,752
Earnings from equity investment577
 216
 414
 617
Earnings (loss) from equity investment(849) 570
 (39) 
Operating income (loss)(25,013) (52,878) (26,222) (24,839)4,297
 736
 (533,359) (7,820)
Total other expense8,341
 (3,229) 3,594
 341
Income (loss) before income taxes(33,354) (49,649) (29,816) (25,180)
Provision for income tax expense (benefit)(10,406) (21,147) (11,821) (12,677)
Net income (loss)(22,948) (28,502) (17,995) (12,503)
Less: loss attributable to noncontrolling interest(5) 35
 (6) 6
Net income (loss) attributable to common stockholders$(22,943) $(28,537) $(17,989) $(12,509)
Total other expense, net (2)10,458
 6,077
 2,999
 13,191
Loss before income taxes(6,161) (5,341) (536,358) (21,011)
Income tax expense (benefit)1,727
 8,393
 (3,371) (8,563)
Net loss(7,888) (13,734) (532,987) (12,448)
              
Weighted average shares outstanding              
Basic90,477
 90,707
 90,860
 91,923
109,643
 109,987
 110,295
 110,464
Diluted90,477
 90,707
 90,860
 91,923
109,643
 109,987
 110,295
 110,464
Earnings (loss) per share       
Loss per share       
Basic$(0.25) $(0.31) $(0.20) $(0.14)$(0.07) $(0.12) $(4.83) $(0.11)
Diluted$(0.25) $(0.31) $(0.20) $(0.14)$(0.07) $(0.12) $(4.83) $(0.11)
(1)
Q1 includes a $4.6 million contingent consideration benefit related to GHT. See Note 4 Acquisitions & Dispositions for further information related to this benefit. Q3 includes $471.0 million of goodwill impairments, $53.5 million of intangible asset impairments and $7.9 million of property and equipment impairments. See Note 7 Goodwill and Intangible Assets and Note 6 Property and Equipment for further information related to these charges.
(2)
Q3 includes a $1.6 million gain realized on the sale of our previously held equity investment in Ashtead. Q4 includes a 2.3 million gain on the sale of certain assets of our Cooper Alloy® brand of valve products. See Note 4 Acquisitions & Dispositions for further information related to these gains.





9499

Table of Contents
Forum Energy Technologies, Inc. and subsidiaries
Notes to consolidated financial statements (continued)


20152018
(in thousands, except per share information)Q1 Q2 Q3 Q4Q1 Q2 Q3 Q4
Net sales$348,096
 $284,415
 $244,993
 $196,148
Revenues$250,231
 $274,003
 $267,037
 $272,948
Cost of sales238,970
 199,532
 179,231
 193,242
182,944
 201,334
 192,496
 231,073
Gross profit109,126
 84,883
 65,762
 2,906
67,287
 72,669
 74,541
 41,875
Total operating expenses (1)
73,465
 66,285
 57,439
 194,035
73,030
 84,721
 72,764
 422,995
Earnings from equity investment4,571
 3,840
 3,870
 2,543
Earnings (loss) from equity investment(963) 350
 659
 94
Operating income (loss)40,232
 22,438
 12,193
 (188,586)(6,706) (11,702) 2,436
 (381,026)
Total other expense971
 11,662
 4,543
 3,424
Total other expense (income), net (2)(21,868) 2,001
 6,598
 6,025
Income (loss) before income taxes39,261
 10,776
 7,650
 (192,010)15,162
 (13,703) (4,162) (387,051)
Provision (benefit) for income tax expense10,605
 1,911
 932
 (28,387)
Income tax expense (benefit)(12,904) 1,646
 (1,108) (3,308)
Net income (loss)28,656
 8,865
 6,718
 (163,623)28,066
 (15,349) (3,054) (383,743)
Less: Income (loss) attributable to noncontrolling interest(16) (9) (2) (4)
Net income (loss) attributable to common stockholders$28,672
 $8,874
 $6,720
 $(163,619)
              
Weighted average shares outstanding              
Basic89,482
 89,767
 90,058
 90,175
108,423
 108,714
 108,856
 109,082
Diluted91,469
 91,884
 91,687
 90,175
110,857
 108,714
 108,856
 109,082
Earnings (loss) per share              
Basic$0.32
 $0.10
 $0.07
 $(1.81)$0.26
 $(0.14) $(0.03) $(3.52)
Diluted$0.31
 $0.10
 $0.07
 $(1.81)$0.25
 $(0.14) $(0.03) $(3.52)
(1)
Total operating expenses includes $14.5 million of intangible asset impairments for the Subsea and Downhole product lines in Q2, $298.8 million of goodwill impairment charges in Q4 and $50.2 million of intangible asset impairments in Q4. See Note 7 Goodwill and Intangible Assets for further information related to these charges.
(2)
Total other expenses includes a $33.5 million gain on contribution of our subsea rentals business in Q1. See Note 4 Acquisitions & Dispositions for further information related to this gain.
(1) Total Operating expenses in Q4 included $125,092 goodwill and intangible assets impairment.

18. Subsequent event
On January 9, 2017, the Company acquired substantially all of the assets of Cooper Valves, LLC (“Cooper”) as well as 100% of the general partnership interests of Innovative Valve Components for total aggregate consideration of $14.5 million. The acquired Cooper brands include the Accuseal® metal seated ball valves engineered to meet Class VI shut off standards for use in severe service applications, as well as a full line of cast and forged gate, globe, and check valves. Innovative Valve Components, in partnership with Cooper Valves, commercialized critical service valves and components for the power generation, mining and oil and natural gas industries. The fair values of the assets acquired and liabilities assumed have not been presented because they are not material to the audited consolidated financial statements. Pro forma results of operations for this acquisition have not been presented because the effects were not material to the consolidated financial statements.



95100

Table of Contents




Item 9. Changes in and Disagreements with Accountants on Accounting and Financial Disclosure
None.

Item 9A. Controls and Procedures
Evaluation of Disclosure Controls and Procedures
We maintain disclosure controls and procedures (as defined under Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e) of the Exchange Act). Our management, under the supervision and with the participation of our Chief Executive Officer and our Chief Financial Officer, evaluated the effectiveness of ourThe Company’s disclosure controls and procedures pursuant to Exchange Act Rule 13a-15(b) as of December 31, 2016. Based on that evaluation, our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer concluded that our disclosure controls and procedures were effective as of December 31, 2016have been designed to provide reasonable assurance that information required to be disclosed in our reports filed or submitted under the Exchange Act is recorded, processed, summarized, and reported within the time periods specified in the SEC'sSEC’s rules and forms. Our disclosure controls and procedures include controls and procedures designed to ensureprovide reasonable assurance that information required to be disclosed in reports filed or submitted under the Exchange Act is accumulated and communicated to our management, including our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, as appropriate, to allow timely decisions regarding required disclosure.
Our management, under the supervision and with the participation of our Chief Executive Officer and our Chief Financial Officer, evaluated the effectiveness of our disclosure controls and procedures pursuant to Exchange Act Rule 13a-15(b) as of December 31, 2019. Based on that evaluation, our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer concluded that our disclosure controls and procedures were effective at the reasonable assurance level as of December 31, 2019.
Management’s Report on Internal Control Over Financial Reporting
Our management is responsible for establishing and maintaining adequate internal control over financial reporting. Management’s intentOur internal control over financial reporting is to design a process to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with GAAP in the United States of America.generally accepted accounting principles.
Our management performed an assessment of the overall effectiveness of our internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2019, utilizing the criteria described in the “Internal Control - Integrated Framework” (2013) issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission. Based on this assessment, management has concluded that the Company’s internal control over financial reporting is effective as of December 31, 2019.
Our independent registered public accounting firm, Deloitte & Touche LLP, audited the effectiveness of our internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2016, utilizing the criteria described in the “Internal Control - Integrated Framework (2013)” issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission. Based on our assessment, management believes that, as of December 31, 2016, the Company’s internal control over financial reporting is effective.
Our independent registered public accounting firm, PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP, independently assessed the effectiveness of our internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2016,2019, as stated in their report which appears herein.
Changes in Internal Control over Financial Reporting
There werehave been no changes in our internal control over financial reporting during the quarter ended December 31, 20162019 that have materially affected, or are reasonably likely to materially affect, ourthe Company’s internal control over financial reporting.

REPORT OF INDEPENDENT REGISTERED PUBLIC ACCOUNTING FIRM
To the shareholders and the Board of Directors of Forum Energy Technologies, Incorporated
Opinion on Internal Control over Financial Reporting
We have audited the internal control over financial reporting of Forum Energy Technologies, Incorporated and subsidiaries (the “Company”) as of December 31, 2019, based on criteria established in Internal Control - Integrated Framework (2013) issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission (COSO). In our opinion, the Company maintained, in all material respects, effective internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2019, based on criteria established in Internal Control - Integrated Framework (2013) issued by COSO.
We have also audited, in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States) (PCAOB), the consolidated financial statements as of and for the year ended December 31, 2019, of the Company and our report dated February 25, 2020 expressed an unqualified opinion on those financial statements.
Basis for Opinion
The Company’s management is responsible for maintaining effective internal control over financial reporting and for its assessment of the effectiveness of internal control over financial reporting, included in the accompanying Management’s Report on Internal Control over Financial Reporting. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on the Company’s internal control over financial reporting based on our audit. We are a public accounting firm registered with the PCAOB and are required to be independent with respect to the Company in accordance with the U.S. federal securities laws and the applicable rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission and the PCAOB.

101

Table of Contents


We conducted our audit in accordance with the standards of the PCAOB. Those standards require that we plan and perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether effective internal control over financial reporting was maintained in all material respects. Our audit included obtaining an understanding of internal control over financial reporting, assessing the risk that a material weakness exists, testing and evaluating the design and operating effectiveness of internal control based on the assessed risk, and performing such other procedures as we considered necessary in the circumstances. We believe that our audit provides a reasonable basis for our opinion.
Definition and Limitations of Internal Control over Financial Reporting
A company’s internal control over financial reporting is a process designed to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles. A company’s internal control over financial reporting includes those policies and procedures that (1) pertain to the maintenance of records that, in reasonable detail, accurately and fairly reflect the transactions and dispositions of the assets of the company; (2) provide reasonable assurance that transactions are recorded as necessary to permit preparation of financial statements in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles, and that receipts and expenditures of the company are being made only in accordance with authorizations of management and directors of the company; and (3) provide reasonable assurance regarding prevention or timely detection of unauthorized acquisition, use, or disposition of the company’s assets that could have a material effect on the financial statements.
Because of its inherent limitations, internal control over financial reporting may not prevent or detect misstatements. Also, projections of any evaluation of effectiveness to future periods are subject to the risk that controls may become inadequate because of changes in conditions, or that the degree of compliance with the policies or procedures may deteriorate.
/s/ Deloitte & Touche LLP
Houston, TX
February 25, 2020
Item 9B. Other information
None.

Item 10. Directors, executive officers and corporate governance
Information required by this item is incorporated herein by reference fromto our Proxy Statement for the 20162020 Annual Meeting of Stockholders.
Code of Ethics
We have adopted a Financial Code of Ethics, which applies to our Chief Executive Officer, Chief Financial Officer (or other principal financial officer), Corporate Controller (or other principal accounting officer) and other senior financial officers. We have posted a copy of the code under "Corporate Governance"“Corporate Governance” in the "Investors"“Investors” section of our internet website at www.f-e-t.com. Copies of the code may be obtained free of charge on our website. Any waivers of the code must be approved by our Boardboard of Directorsdirectors or a designated committee of our Boardboard of Directors.directors. Any change to, or waiver from, the Code of Ethics will be promptly disclosed as required by applicable U.S. federal securities laws and the corporate governance rules of the NYSE.


96

Table of Contents


Item 11. Executive compensation
Information required by this item is incorporated herein by reference fromto our Proxy Statement for the 20172020 Annual Meeting of Stockholders.

Item 12. Security ownership of certain beneficial owners and management and related stockholder matters
Information required by this item is incorporated herein by reference fromto our Proxy Statement for the 20172020 Annual Meeting of Stockholders.

Item 13. Certain Relationships and Related Transactions, and Director Independence
Information required by this item is incorporated herein by reference fromto our Proxy Statement for the 20172020 Annual Meeting of Stockholders.



102

Table of Contents


Item 14. Principal accountant fees and services
Information required by this item is incorporated herein by reference fromto our Proxy Statement for the 20172020 Annual Meeting of Stockholders.


Item 15. Exhibits
(a) The following documents are filed as part of this Annual Report on Form 10-K:
1. Financial Statements filed as part of this report
Index to Consolidated Financial StatementsPage
2. Financial Statement Schedules
All financial statement schedules have been omitted since the required information is not applicable or is not present in amounts sufficient to require submission of the schedule, or because the information required is included on the Consolidated Financial Statements and Notes thereto.
3. Exhibits
Index to Exhibits
Exhibit 
NumberDESCRIPTION
2.1*
  
3.1*
  
3.2*
  

97

Table of Contents


4.1*
  
4.2*
  
4.3*
  
4.4*
 
4.5**
  
10.1*
  

103

Table of Contents


10.2*#Second Amended
  
10.3*#
10.4*#
10.4*#Form of Restricted Stock Agreement (Directors) (incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 10.2 to the Company's Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q, filed on April 29, 2014).
  
10.5*#Form of Restricted Stock Unit Agreement (Employees and Consultants) (incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 10.3 to the Company's Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q, filed April 29, 2014).
10.6*#
10.7*#Form of Performance Share Award Agreement (Employees and Consultants) (incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 10.5 to the Company's Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q, filed on April 29, 2014).
10.8*#Form of Restricted Stock Unit Agreement (Directors) (incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 10.1 to the Company'sCompany’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q, filed on May 1, 2015).
  
10.9*10.6*#Form of Restricted Stock Agreement (Directors) (incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 10.2 to the Company's Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q, filed on May 1, 2015).
10.10*#Form of Restricted Stock Unit Agreement (Employees and Consultants) (incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 10.3 to the Company's Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q, filed May 1, 2015).
10.11*#Form of Nonstatutory Stock Option Agreement (Employees and Consultants) (incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 10.4 to the Company's Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q, filed on May 1, 2015).
10.12*#Form of Performance Share Award Agreement (Employees and Consultants) (incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 10.5 to the Company's Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q, filed on May 1, 2015).
10.13*#Form of Restricted Stock Unit Agreement - Three Year Cliff Vesting (Employees and Consultants) (incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 10.4 to the Company's Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q, filed on October 30, 2015).
10.14*#
  
10.15*10.7*#
  

98

Table of Contents


10.16*10.8*#Employment Agreement dated as of August 2, 2010 between Forum Energy Technologies, Inc. and James W. Harris (incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 10.6 to the Registration Statement, filed on August 31, 2011).
10.17*#
  
10.18*10.9*#
  
10.19*10.10*#Amendment to Employment Agreement dated as of April 12, 2012 between Forum Energy Technologies, Inc. and James W. Harris (incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 10.4 on the Company's Current Report on Form 8-K, filed on April 17, 2012).
10.20*#
  
10.11*#
 
10.21*10.12*#
  
10.22*10.13*#
  
10.23*10.14*#
  
10.24*10.15*#
  
10.25*10.16*#
  
10.26*10.17*#
  
10.27*10.18*#
  
10.28*10.19*#
10.29*#Employee Stock Purchase Plan (incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 10.610.2 to the Company's QuarterlyCompany’s Current Report on Form 10-Q,10- Q, filed on August 2, 2013)November 6, 2012) (File No. 1-35504).
  
10.30*10.20*#
  

104

Table of Contents


10.31*#Retirement and Separation Agreement, effective as of December 18, 2014 (incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 10.1 to the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K, filed on December 18, 2014).
10.21*#
10.32*Amendment No.1 to the Second Amended and Restated Credit
  
10.22*#
 
10.33*10.23*#Form
  

99

Table of Contents


10.34*10.24*#Form
  
10.35*10.25*#
  
10.36*#10.26#
  
10.37*10.27*#
  
10.38*10.28*#
  
10.39*10.29*#
  
10.40*10.30*#
  
10.41*10.31*#
  
10.32*#
 
10.42*10.33*#
 
Amendment No.210.34*#
10.35*#
10.36*#
10.37*#
10.38*#
10.39*#
10.40*#
10.41*#

105



10.42*#
10.43*#
10.44*#
10.45*#
10.46*
10.47*#
10.48*#
10.49*#
10.50*#
10.51*#
10.52*#
10.53*
10.54*
 
10.55*#
10.56*#
10.57*#
10.58*#
16.1*
  
21.1**
  
23.1**
  
23.2**
 

106



101.INS**XBRL Instance Document.
  
101.SCH**XBRL Taxonomy Extension Schema Document.
  
101.CAL**XBRL Taxonomy Extension Calculation Linkbase Document.
  
101.LAB**XBRL Taxonomy Extension Label Linkbase Document.
  
101.PRE**XBRL Taxonomy Extension Presentation Linkbase Document.
  
101.DEF**XBRL Taxonomy Extension Definition Linkbase Document.
104**Cover Page Interactive Data File (formatted as Inline XBRL and contained in Exhibit 101).
* Previously filed.
** Filed herewith.
# Identifies management contracts and compensatory plans or arrangements.



Item 16. Form 10-K Summary
None.


100107





SIGNATURES
As required byPursuant to the requirements of Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has authorizedduly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, authorized individuals.thereunto duly authorized.
  
FORUM ENERGY TECHNOLOGIES, INC.
 
  By:/s/ James W. HarrisPablo G. Mercado
February 25, 2020Pablo G. Mercado 
   James W. Harris
ExecutiveSenior Vice President and Chief Financial Officer 
   (As Duly Authorized Officer and Principal Financial Officer) 
      
 February 25, 2020By:/s/ Tylar K. SchmittJohn McElroy 
   Tylar K. SchmittJohn McElroy 
   Vice President and Chief Accounting OfficerCorporate Controller 
   (As Duly Authorized Officer and Principal Accounting Officer) 

101



As required by the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, this report has been signed below by the following persons on behalf of the registrant and in the capacities anand on the dates indicated.
Signature Title Date
     
/s/ C. Christopher Gaut 
President, Chief Executive Officer and Chairman of the Board
(Principal Executive Officer)
 February 27, 201725, 2020
C. Christopher Gaut    
     
/s/ James W. HarrisPablo G. Mercado Executive
Senior Vice President and Chief Financial Officer (Principal
(Principal Financial Officer)
 February 27, 201725, 2020
James W. HarrisPablo G. Mercado   
     
/s/ Tylar K. SchmittJohn McElroy Vice President and Chief
Corporate Controller
(Principal Accounting Officer (Principal Accounting Officer)
 February 27, 201725, 2020
Tylar K. SchmittJohn McElroy    
     
/s/ Evelyn M. Angelle Director February 27, 201725, 2020
Evelyn M. Angelle    
     
/s/ David C. Baldwin Director February 27, 201725, 2020
David C. Baldwin    
     
/s/ John A. Carrig Director February 27, 201725, 2020
John A. Carrig    
     
/s/ Michael McShane Director February 27, 201725, 2020
Michael McShane    
     
/s/ Terence O'TooleO’Toole Director February 27, 201725, 2020
Terence O'Toole
/s/ Franklin MyersDirectorFebruary 27, 2017
Franklin MyersO’Toole    
     
/s/ Louis A. Raspino Director February 27, 201725, 2020
Louis A. Raspino    
     
/s/ John Schmitz Director February 27, 201725, 2020
John Schmitz    
     
/s/ Andrew L. Waite Director February 27, 201725, 2020
Andrew L. Waite    




102108