UNITED STATES
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
Washington, D.C.  20549
 
FORM 10-K


(Mark One)
 
x ANNUAL REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934
 
For the fiscal year ended December 31, 20162017
 
OR
 
 o TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934


For the transition period from __________________ to __________________
 
Commission File Number  001-33572

Bank of Marin Bancorp
(Exact name of Registrant as specified in its charter)
 
California  
 20-8859754
(State or other jurisdiction of incorporation)   (IRS Employer Identification No.)
   
504 Redwood Boulevard, Suite 100, Novato, CA  94947
(Address of principal executive office) (Zip Code)
 
Registrant’s telephone number, including area code:  (415) 763-4520

Securities registered pursuant to Section 12 (b) of the Act:

None

Securities registered pursuant to section 12(g) of the Act:

   Common Stock, No Par Value,  
and attached Share Purchase Rights NASDAQ Capital Market
(Title of each class) (Name of each exchange on which registered)
 
Indicate by check mark if the registrant is a well-known seasoned issuer, as defined in Rule 405 of the Securities Act.
Yes   o         No  x
 
Indicate by check mark if the registrant is not required to file reports pursuant to Section 13 or Section 15(d) of the Act.
Yes   o         No  x

Note - checking the box above will not relieve any registrant required to file reports pursuant to Section 13 or 15(d) of the Exchange Act from their obligations under these sections.


Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days.
Yes x                   No o

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically and posted on its corporate web site, if any, every Interactive Data File required to be submitted and posted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit and post such files).
Yes x                   No o
 
Indicate by check mark if disclosure of delinquent filers pursuant to Item 405 of Regulation S-K is not contained herein, and will not be contained, to the best of the registrant's knowledge, in definitive proxy or information statements incorporated by reference in Part III of this form 10-K or any amendment to this Form 10-K.
ox

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, or a smaller reporting company, or an emerging growth company. See the definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer” and, “smaller reporting company”company,” and "emerging growth company" in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.
Large accelerated filer o
     Accelerated filer x
Non-accelerated filer o
(Do not check if a smaller reporting company)
     Smaller reporting company o
Emerging growth company o

If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act.
o
 
Indicate by check mark if the registrant is a shell company, as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.
Yes   o         No  x
 
As of June 30, 2016,2017, the last business day of the registrant's most recently completed second fiscal quarter, the aggregate market value of the voting common equity held by non-affiliates, based upon the closing price per share of the registrant's common stock as reported by the NASDAQ, was approximately $292$396 million. For the purpose of this response, directors and certain officers of the Registrant are considered the affiliates at that date.

As of February 28, 2017,2018, there were 6,129,8176,970,446 shares of common stock outstanding.

DOCUMENTS INCORPORATED BY REFERENCE

Portions of the registrant's Proxy Statement for the Annual Meeting of Shareholders to be held on May 16, 201722, 2018 are incorporated by reference into Part III.



TABLE OF CONTENTS
 
PART I 
   
Forward-Looking Statements
   
ITEM 1.BUSINESS
ITEM 1A.RISK FACTORS
ITEM 1B.UNRESOLVED STAFF COMMENTS
ITEM 2.PROPERTIES
ITEM 3.LEGAL PROCEEDINGS
ITEM 4.MINE SAFETY DISCLOSURES
   
PART II 
   
ITEM 5.MARKET FOR REGISTRANT'S COMMON EQUITY, RELATED STOCKHOLDER MATTERS AND ISSUER PURCHASES OF EQUITY SECURITIES
ITEM 6.SELECTED FINANCIAL DATA
ITEM 7.MANAGEMENT'S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS
 Forward-Looking Statements
 Executive Summary
 Critical Accounting Policies
   
 RESULTS OF OPERATIONS
 Net Interest Income
 Provision for Loan Losses
 Non-Interest Income
 Non-Interest Expense
 Provision for Income Taxes
   
 FINANCIAL CONDITION
 Investment Securities
 Loans
 Allowance for Loan Losses
 Other Assets
 Deposits
 Borrowings
 Deferred Compensation Obligations
 Off Balance Sheet Arrangements and Commitments
 Capital Adequacy
 Liquidity
 Selected Quarterly Financial Data
   
ITEM 7A.QUANTITATIVE AND QUALITATIVE DISCLOSURES ABOUT MARKET RISK
   
ITEM 8.FINANCIAL STATEMENTS AND SUPPLEMENTARY DATA
   

 NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
 Note 1: Summary of Significant Accounting Policies
 Note 2: Investment Securities
 Note 3: Loans and Allowance for Loan Losses
 Note 4: Bank Premises and Equipment
 Note 5: Bank Owned Life Insurance
 Note 6: Deposits
 Note 7: Borrowings
 Note 8: Stockholders' Equity and Stock Plans
 Note 9: Fair Value of Assets and Liabilities
 Note 10: Benefit Plans
 Note 11: Income Taxes
 Note 12: Commitments and Contingencies
 Note 13: Concentrations of Credit Risk
 Note 14: Derivative Financial Instruments and Hedging Activities
 Note 15: Regulatory Matters
 Note 16: Financial Instruments with Off-Balance Sheet Risk
 Note 17: Condensed Bank of Marin Bancorp Parent Only Financial Statements
Note 18: Acquisition
   
ITEM 9.CHANGES IN AND DISAGREEMENTS WITH ACCOUNTANTS ON ACCOUNTING AND FINANCIAL DISCLOSURE
   
ITEM 9A.CONTROLS AND PROCEDURES
   
ITEM 9B.OTHER INFORMATION
   
PART III 
   
ITEM 10.DIRECTORS, EXECUTIVE OFFICERS AND CORPORATE GOVERNANCE
   
ITEM 11.EXECUTIVE COMPENSATION
   
ITEM 12.SECURITY OWNERSHIP OF CERTAIN BENEFICIAL OWNERS AND MANAGEMENT AND RELATED STOCKHOLDER MATTERS
   
ITEM 13.CERTAIN RELATIONSHIPS AND RELATED TRANSACTIONS, AND DIRECTOR INDEPENDENCE
   
ITEM 14.PRINCIPAL ACCOUNTANT FEES AND SERVICES
   
PART IV 
   
ITEM 15.EXHIBITS AND FINANCIAL STATEMENT SCHEDULES
   
ITEM 16.FORM 10-K SUMMARY
   
SIGNATURES
EXHIBIT INDEX




PART I       

Forward-Looking Statements
 
This discussion of financial results includes forward-looking statements within the meaning of Section 27A of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, (the "1933 Act") and Section 21E of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, (the "1934 Act"). Those sections of the 1933 Act and 1934 Act provide a "safe harbor" for forward-looking statements to encourage companies to provide prospective information about their financial performance so long as they provide meaningful, cautionary statements identifying important factors that could cause actual results to differ significantly from projected results.
 
Our forward-looking statements include descriptions of plans or objectives of Management for future operations, products or services, and forecasts of revenues, earnings or other measures of economic performance. Forward-looking statements can be identified by the fact that they do not relate strictly to historical or current facts. They often include the words "believe," "expect," "intend," "estimate" or words of similar meaning, or future or conditional verbs preceded by "will," "would," "should," "could" or "may."
 
Forward-looking statements are based on Management's current expectations regarding economic, legislative, and regulatory issues, and the successful integration of acquisitions that may affect our earnings in future periods. A number of factors, many of which are beyond Management’s control, could cause future results to vary materially from current Management expectations. Such factors include, but are not limited to, general economic conditions and the economic uncertainty in the United States and abroad, including changes in interest rates, deposit flows, real estate values, and expected future cash flows on loans and securities; integrationcosts or effects of acquisitions andacquisitions; competition; changes in accounting principles, policies or guidelines; changes in legislation or regulation;regulation (including the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act of 2017); natural disasters;disasters (such as the recent wildfires in our area); adverse weather conditions; and other economic, competitive, governmental, regulatory and technological factors (including external fraud and cyber-security threats) affecting our operations, pricing, products and services.

Important factors that could cause results or performance to materially differ from those expressed in our prior forward-looking statements are detailed in ItemITEM 1A. 1A. Risk Factors of this report. Forward-looking statements speak only as of the date they are made. We do not undertake to update forward-looking statements to reflect circumstances or events that occur after the date the forward-looking statements are made or to reflect the occurrence of unanticipated events.

ITEM 1        BUSINESS

Bank of Marin (the “Bank”) was incorporated in August 1989, received its charter from the California Superintendent of Banks (now the California Department of Business Oversight or "DBO") and commenced operations in January 1990. The Bank is an insured bank by the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation (“FDIC”). On July 1, 2007 (the “Effective Date”), a bank holding company reorganization was completed whereby Bank of Marin Bancorp (“Bancorp”) became the parent holding company for the Bank, the sole and wholly-owned subsidiary of Bancorp. On the Effective Date, each outstanding share of Bank of Marin common stock was converted into one share of Bank of Marin Bancorp common stock. Bancorp is listed at NASDAQ under the ticker symbol BMRC, which was formerly used by the Bank. Prior to the Effective Date, the Bank filed reports and proxy statements with the FDIC pursuant to Section 12 of the 1934 Act. Upon formation of the holding company, Bancorp became subject to regulation under the Bank Holding Company Act of 1956, as amended, and Federal Reserve Board reporting and examination requirements.requirements by the Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System ("Federal Reserve"). Bancorp files periodic reports and proxy statements with the Securities and Exchange Commission pursuant to the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended.

References in this report to “Bancorp” mean Bank of Marin Bancorp, parent holding company for the Bank. References to “we,” “our,” “us” mean the holding company and the Bank that are consolidated for financial reporting purposes.

Virtually all of our business is conducted through Bancorp's subsidiary, Bank of Marin, which is headquartered in Novato, California. In addition to our headquarters, office, we operate through twentytwenty-three offices in Marin, Sonoma, San Francisco, Napa and Alameda counties, with a strong emphasis on supporting the local communities. Our customer base is made up of business and personal banking relationships from the communities near the branch office locations. Our business banking focus is on small to medium-sized businesses, professionals and not-for-profit organizations.
 


We offer a broad range of commercial and retail deposit and lending programs designed to meet the needs of our target markets. Our lending categories include commercial real estate loans, commercial and industrial loans, construction financing, consumer loans, and home equity lines of credit. Merchant card services are available for our business customers. Through third party vendors, we offer a proprietaryconsumer Visa® credit card product combined with a rewards program to our customers, a Business Visa® program, an American Express® credit card program, a leasing program for commercial equipment financing, and cash management sweep services.

We offer a variety of personal and business checking and savings accounts, and a number of time deposit alternatives, including time certificates of deposit, Individual Retirement Accounts (“IRAs”), Health Savings Accounts, Certificate of Deposit Account Registry Service® ("CDARS") and, Insured Cash Sweep® ("ICS"), and Demand Deposit MarketplaceSM("ICS"DDM Sweep") accounts. CDARS, ICS and ICSDDM Sweep accounts are part of a networknetworks through which we offer full FDIC insurance coverage in excess of the regulatory maximum by placing deposits in multiple banks participating in the network. For businesses, we now offer another sweep product which also provides full FDIC insurance coverage called Demand Deposit Marketplace, or DDM Sweep.networks. We also offer deposit options including mobile banking,deposit, remote deposit capture, Automated Clearing House services (“ACH”), fraud preventionwire transfers, and image lockbox services. A valet pick-up service is available for non-cash deposits to our professional and business clients.

Other products and services including Positive Pay for Checks, ACH,include Apple Pay®, Samsung Paypeer-to-peer funds transfer,®, Android Pay®, SurePayroll®, Positive Pay fraud detection tool, and image lockbox services. A valet deposit pick-up service is available to our professionalcash management solutions including Cash Vault and business clients.SafePoint.

Automated teller machines (“ATM's”) are available at most retail branch locations. Our ATM network is linked to the PLUS, CIRRUS and NYCE networks, as well as to a network of nation-wide surcharge-free ATM's called MoneyPass. We also offer our depositors 24-hour access to their accounts by telephone and through our internet and mobile banking productsservices available to personal and business account holders.

We offer Wealth Management and Trust Services (“WMTS”) which include customized investment portfolio management, trust administration, estate settlement and custody services. We also offer 401(k) plan services to small and medium-sized businesses through a third party vendor.

We make international banking services available to our customers indirectly through other financial institutions with whom we have correspondent banking relationships.

We hold no patents, licenses (other than licenses required by the appropriate banking regulatory agencies), franchises or concessions.  The Bank has registered the service marks "The Spirit of Marin", the words “Bank of Marin”, the Bank of Marin logo, and the Bank of Marin tagline “Committed to your business and our community” with the United States Patent & Trademark Office.  In addition, Bancorp has registered the service marks for the words “Bank of Marin Bancorp” and for the Bank of Marin Bancorp logo with the United States Patent & Trademark Office.

All service marks registered by Bancorp or the Bank are registered on the United States Patent & Trademark Office Principal Register, with the exception of the words "Bank of Marin Bancorp" which is registered on the United States Patent & Trademark Office Supplemental Register.

Market Area

Our primary market area consists of Marin, San Francisco, Napa, Sonoma and Alameda counties. Our customer base is primarily made up of business, not-for-profit and personal banking relationships within these market areas.

As discussed in Note 18 to the Consolidated Financial Statements in ITEM 8 of this report, in November 2017, we expanded our presence in Napa County through the acquisition of Bank of Napa, N.A. This resulted in the addition of $302.1 million of assets and the assumption of $251.9 million of liabilities as well as the addition of two branch offices serving the city of Napa. As a result, Bank of Marin is the largest community bank in Napa County based on deposit share1.

We attract deposit relationships from individuals, merchants, small to medium-sized businesses, not-for-profit organizations and professionals, merchants and individuals who live and/or work in the communities comprising our market areas. As of December 31, 2016,

1 We obtained the FDIC deposit market share data from S&P Global Market Intelligence of New York, New York.



2017, approximately 66%67% of our deposits are in Marin County and southern Sonoma County, and approximately 55% of our deposits are from businesses and 45% from individuals.

Competition

The banking business in California generally, and in our market area specifically, is highly competitive with respect to attracting both loan and deposit relationships. The increasingly competitive environment is affected by changes in regulation, interest rates, technology and product delivery systems, and consolidation among financial service providers. The banking industry is seeing strong competition for quality loans, with larger banks expanding their activities to attract businesses that are traditionally community bank customers. In all of our five counties, we have significant competition from nationwide banks with much larger branch networks and greater financial resources, as well as credit unions and


other local and regional banks. Nationwide banks have the competitive advantages of national advertising campaigns and technology infrastructure to achieve economies of scale. Large commercial banks also have substantially greater lending limits and the ability to offer certain services, which are not offered directly by us. Other competitors for depositors' funds are money market mutual funds and non-bank financial institutions such as brokerage firms and insurance companies.

In order to compete with the numerous, and often larger, financial institutions in our primary market area, we use, to the fullest extent possible, the flexibility and rapid response capabilities that derive from our local leadership and decision making. Our competitive advantages also include an emphasis on personalized service, extensive community involvement, philanthropic giving, local promotional activities and strong relationships with our customers.

In Marin County, we have the third largest market share of total deposits at 10.2%10.4%, based upon the FDIC deposit market share data as of June 30, 2016.201712. A significant driver of our franchise value is the growth and stability of our checking deposits, a low-cost funding source for our loan portfolio.

Employees

At December 31, 2016,2017, we employed 262291 full-time equivalent (“FTE”) staff. The actual number of employees, including part-time employees, at year-end 20162017 included sixseven executive officers, 106123 other corporate officers and 164183 staff. None of our employees are presently represented by a union or covered by a collective bargaining agreement. We believe that our employee relations are good. We have consistently been recognized as one of the “Best Places to Work” by the North Bay Business Journal and as a "Top Corporate Philanthropist” by the San Francisco Business Times.

SUPERVISION AND REGULATION

Bank holding companies and banks are extensively regulated under both federal and state law. The following discussion summarizes certain significant laws, rules and regulations affecting Bancorp and the Bank.

Bank Holding Company Regulation

Upon formation of the bank holding company on July 1, 2007, we became subject to regulation under the Bank Holding Company Act of 1956, as amended (“BHCA”) which subjects Bancorp to Federal Reserve Board ("FRB") reporting and examination requirements. Under the FRB'sFederal Reserve regulations, a bank holding company is required to serve as a source of financial and managerial strength to its subsidiary banks. Under this requirement, we are expected to commit resources to support the Bank, including at times when we may not be in a financial position to provide such resources, and it may not be in our, or our shareholders’ or creditors’, best interests to do so. In addition, any capital loans we make to the Bank are subordinate in right of payment to depositors and to certain other indebtedness of the Bank. The BHCA regulates the activities of holding companies including acquisitions, mergers and consolidations and, together with the Gramm-Leach Bliley Act of 1999, the scope of allowable banking activities. Bancorp is also a bank holding company within the meaning of the California Financial Code. As such, Bancorp and its subsidiaries are subject to examination by, and may be required to file reports with, the DBO.


2 Source: S&P Global Market Intelligence of New York, New York


Bank Regulation

Banking regulations are primarily intended to protect consumers, depositors' funds, federal deposit insurance funds and the banking system as a whole. These regulations affect our lending practices, consumer protections, capital structure, investment practices and dividend policy.

As a state chartered bank, we are subject to regulation, supervision and examination by the DBO. We are also subject to regulation, supervision and periodic examination by the FDIC. If, as a result of an examination of the Bank, the FDIC or the DBO should determine that the financial condition, capital resources, asset quality, earnings prospects, management, liquidity, or other aspects of our operations are unsatisfactory, or that we have violated any law or regulation, various remedies are available to those regulators including issuing a “cease and desist” order, monetary penalties, restitution, restricting our growth or removing officers and directors.


1 Source: SNL Financial LC of Charlottesville, Virginia


The Bank addresses the many state and federal regulations it is subject to through a comprehensive compliance program that addresses the various risks associated with these issues.

Dividends

The payment of cash dividends by the Bank to Bancorp is subject to restrictions set forth in the California Financial Code (the “Code”) in addition to regulations and policy statements of the FRB.Federal Reserve. Prior to any distribution from the Bank to Bancorp, a calculation is made to ensure compliance with the provisions of the Code and to ensure that the Bank remains within capital guidelines set forth by the DBO and the FDIC. See also Note 8 to the Consolidated Financial Statements, under the heading “Dividends” in ItemITEM 8 of this report.

FDIC Insurance Assessments

OurThe FDIC insures our customers' deposits are insured by the FDIC to the maximum amount permitted by law, which is currently $250,000 per depositor, based on the 2010 Dodd-Frank Wall Street Reform and Consumer Protection Act (the “Dodd-Frank Act”).

Our FDIC insurance assessment base is quarterly average consolidated total assets minus average tangible equity, defined as Common Equity Tier 1 Capital. The FDIC has reduced the deposit insurance assessment rates since the Deposit Insurance Fund Reserve Ratio reached its target level as of June 30, 2016. Assessment rates are currently between 1.5 and 40 basis points annually on the assessment base for banks in all risk categories. In deriving the risk categories, the FDIC uses a bank's capital level, supervisory ratios and other financial measures to determine a bank's ability to withstand financial stress.

Community Reinvestment Act

TheCongress enacted the Community Reinvestment Act (“CRA”) was enacted in 1977 to encourage financial institutions to meet the credit needs of the communities wherein which they are chartered.located. All banks and thrifts have a continuing and affirmative obligation, consistent with safe and sound operations, to help meet the credit needs of their entire communities, including low and moderate income neighborhoods. Regulatory agencies rate each bank's performance in assessing and meeting these credit needs. The Bank is committed to serving the credit needs of the communities in which we do business, and it is our policy to respond to all creditworthy segments of our market. As part of its CRA commitment, the Bank maintains strong philanthropic ties to the community. We invest in affordable housing projects that help economically disadvantaged individuals and residents of low- and moderate-income census tracts, in each case consistent with our long-established prudent underwriting practices. We also donate to, invest in and volunteer with organizations in our communities that serve the communities in which we do business, especially low- and moderate-income individuals, thatindividuals. These organizations offer educational and health programs to economically disadvantaged students and families, community development services and affordable housing programs. We provideoffer CRA reportable small business, small farm and community development loans within our assessment areas. The CRA requires a depository institution's primary federal regulator, in connection with its examination of the institution, to assess the institution's record in meeting CRA requirements. The regulatory agency's assessment of the institution's record is made available to the public. This record is taken into consideration when the institution establishes a new branch that accepts deposits, relocates an office, applies to merge or consolidate, or expands into other activities. The FDIC's lastFDIC assigned a “Satisfactory” rating to its CRA performance examination completed in May 2015, which was performed under the large bank requirements and was assignedrequirements. The FDIC completed a ratingperformance examination in January 2018, the report of “Satisfactory”.which is pending.

Anti Money-Laundering

Anti-Money-Laundering Regulations

A series of banking laws and regulations beginning with the Bank Secrecy Act in 1970 requires banks to prevent, detect, and report illicit or illegal financial activities to the federal government to prevent money laundering, international drug trafficking, and terrorism. Under the Uniting and Strengthening America by Providing Appropriate Tools Required to Intercept and Obstruct Terrorism Act of 2001, financial institutions are subject to prohibitions against specified financial transactions and account relationships, requirements regarding the Customer Identification Program, as well as enhanced due diligence and “know your customer” standards in their dealings with high risk customers, foreign financial institutions, and foreign individuals and entities.



Privacy and Data Security

The Gramm-Leach Bliley Act (“GLBA”) of 1999 imposes requirements on financial institutions with respect to consumer privacy. The GLBA generally prohibits disclosure of consumer information to non-affiliated third parties unless the consumer has been given the opportunity to object and has not objected to such disclosure. Financial institutions are further required to disclose their privacy policies to consumers annually. The GLBA also directs federal regulators, including the FDIC, to prescribe standards for the security of consumer information. We are subject to such standards, as well as standards for notifying consumers in the event of a security breach. We must disclose our privacy policy to consumers and permit consumers to “opt out” of having non-public customer information disclosed to third parties. We are required to have an information security program to safeguard the confidentiality and security of customer information and to ensure proper disposal of information that is no longer needed. Customers must be notifiedWe notify our customers when unauthorized disclosure involves sensitive customer information that may be misused.

Consumer Protection Regulations

Our lending activities are subject to a variety of statutes and regulations designed to protect consumers, including the CRA, Home Mortgage Disclosure Act, Fair Credit Reporting Act, Fair Lending, Fair Debt Collection Practices Act, Flood Disaster Protection Act, Equal Credit Opportunity Act, the Fair Housing Act, Truth-in-Lending Act ("TILA"), and the Real Estate Settlement Procedures Act ("RESPA"), and the Secure and Fair Enforcement for Mortgage Licensing Act ("SAFE"). Our deposit operations are also subject to laws and regulations that protect consumer rights including Expedited Funds Availability, Truth in Savings, and Electronic Funds Transfers. Other regulatory requirements include: the Unfair, Deceptive or Abusive Acts and Practices ("UDAAP"), Dodd-Frank Act, Right Toto Financial Privacy and Privacy of Consumer Financial Information. Additional rules govern check writing ability on certain interest earning accounts and prescribe procedures for complying with administrative subpoenas of financial records.

Restriction on Transactions between Bank's Affiliates

Transactions between Bancorp and the Bank are quantitatively and qualitatively restricted under Sections 23A and 23B of the Federal Reserve Act and Federal Reserve Regulation W. Section 23A places restrictions on the Bank's “covered transactions” with Bancorp, including loans and other extensions of credit, investments in the securities of, and purchases of assets from Bancorp. Section 23B requires that certain transactions, including all covered transactions, be on market terms and conditions. Federal Reserve Regulation W combines statutory restrictions on transactions between the Bank and Bancorp with FRBFederal Reserve interpretations in an effort to simplify compliance with Sections 23A and 23B.

Capital Requirements

The FRBFederal Reserve and the FDIC have adopted risk-based capital guidelines for bank holding companies and banks. Bancorp's ratios exceed the required minimum ratios for capital adequacy purposes and the Bank meets the definition for "well capitalized." Undercapitalized depository institutions may be subject to significant restrictions. Payment of dividends could be restricted or prohibited, with some exceptions, if the Bank wereBanks that are categorized as "critically undercapitalized" under applicable FDIC regulations.regulations are subject to dividend restrictions.

In July 2013, the federal banking regulators approved a final rule to implement the revised capital adequacy standards of the Basel Committee on Banking Supervision, commonly called Basel III. The final rule strengthens the definition of regulatory capital, increases risk-based capital requirements, makes selected changes to the calculation of risk-weighted assets, and adjusts the prompt corrective action thresholds. We became subject to the new rule on January 1,


2015 and certain provisions of the new rule will be phased in over the period of 2015 through 2019. In August 2017, the federal banking regulators published a final rule, halting the phase-in of certain Basel III capital rules. The rule extends the regulatory capital treatment applicable during 2017 under the regulatory capital rules for certain items. This effectively pauses the full transition to the Basel III treatment of certain assets until the federal banking regulators pursue more extensive rulemaking to simplify the treatment of those assets. We have modeled our ratios under the finalized Basel III rules and we do not expect that we will be required to raise additional capital when the new rules fully phase in. For further information on our risk-based capital positions and the effect of the new Basel III rules, see Note 15 to the Consolidated Financial Statements in ItemITEM 8 of this report.

The Dodd-Frank Wall Street Reform and Consumer Protection Act

The Dodd-Frank Act, a landmark financial reform bill comprised of voluminous new rules and restrictions on bank operations, included provisions aimed at preventing a repeat of the 2008 financial crisis and a new process for winding down failing, systemically important institutions in a manner as close to a controlled bankruptcy as possible. Among


other things, the Dodd-Frank Act established new government oversight responsibilities, enhanced capital adequacy requirements for certain institutions, established consumer protection laws and regulations, and placed limitations on certain banking activities. The newcurrent Presidential Administration ("Administration") has indicated a desireissued an executive order to reformconsider reforming the Dodd-Frank Act in order to reduce the regulatory burden on U.S. companies, including financial institutions. At this time, no details on the proposed reforms have been published and we are uncertain whether the intended deregulation will have a significant impact on us.

Notice and Approval Requirements Related to Control

Banking laws impose notice, approval and ongoing regulatory requirements on any shareholder or other party that seeks to acquire direct or indirect "control" of an FDIC-insured depository institution. These laws include the BHCA and the Change in Bank Control Act. Among other things, these laws require regulatory filings by a shareholder or other party that seeks to acquire direct or indirect "control" of an FDIC-insured depository institution or bank holding company. The determination whether an investor "controls" a depository institution is based on all of the facts and circumstances surrounding the investment. As a general matter, a party is deemed to control a depository institution or other company if the party owns or controls 25% or more of any class of voting stock. Subject to rebuttal, a party may be presumed to control a depository institution or other company if the investor owns or controls 10% or more of any class of voting stock. Ownership by family members, affiliated parties, or parties acting in concert, is typically aggregated for these purposes. If a party's ownership of the Company were to exceed certain thresholds, the investor could be deemed to "control" the Company for regulatory purposes. This could subject the investor to regulatory filings or other regulatory consequences.

In addition, except under limited circumstances, bank holding companies are prohibited from acquiring, without prior approval:

1) control of any other bank or bank holding company or all or substantially all the assets thereof; or
2) more than 5% of the voting shares of a bank or bank holding company whichthat is not already a subsidiary.

Incentive Compensation

The Dodd-Frank Act required federal bank regulators and the Securities and Exchange Commission ("SEC") to establish joint regulations or guidelines prohibiting incentive-based payment arrangements that encourage inappropriate risks by providing an executive officer, employee, director or principal stockholder with excessive compensation, fees, or benefits or that could lead to material financial loss to the entity. These regulations apply to institutions having at least $1 billion in total assets. In addition, regulators must establish regulations or guidelines requiring enhanced disclosure to regulators of incentive-based compensation arrangements. The agencies have not finalized regulations proposed such regulations in April 2011, but the regulations have not been finalized.2011. If the agencies adopt the regulations are adopted in the form initially proposed, they will impose limitations on the manner in which we may structure compensation for our executives.

The FRBFederal Reserve will review, as part of the regular, risk-focused examination process, the incentive compensation arrangements of banking organizations, such as us, that are not “large, complex banking organizations.” TheseThe Federal Reserve will tailor their reviews will be tailored tofor each organization based on the scope and complexity of the organization’s activities and the prevalence of incentive compensation arrangements. The findings of the supervisory initiatives will be included in reports of examination. Deficiencies will be incorporated into the organization’s supervisory ratings, which can affect the organization’s ability to make acquisitions and take other actions. Enforcement actions may be taken against a


banking organization if its incentive compensation arrangements, or related risk management control or governance processes, pose a risk to the organization’s safety and soundness and the organization is not taking prompt and effective measures to correct the deficiencies.

Available Information

On our Internet web site, www.bankofmarin.com, we post the following filings as soon as reasonably practical after they are filed with or furnished to the Securities and Exchange Commission: Annual Report to Shareholders, Form 10-K, Proxy Statement for the Annual Meeting of Shareholders, quarterly reports on Form 10-Q, current reports on Form 8-K, and any amendments to those reports filed or furnished pursuant to Section 13(a) or 15(d) of the Securities and Exchange Act of 1934. The text of the Code of Ethical Conduct for Bancorp and the Bank is also included on the website. All such materials on our website are available free of charge. This website address is for information only


and is not intended to be an active link, or to incorporate any website information into this document. In addition, copies of our filings are available by requesting them in writing or by phone from:


Corporate Secretary
Bank of Marin Bancorp    
504 Redwood Boulevard, Suite 100
Novato, CA 94947
415-763-4523



ITEM 1A      RISK FACTORS

We assume and manage a certain degree of risk in order to conduct our business. The material risks and uncertainties that Management believes may affect our business are listed below and in ItemITEM 7A, Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosure about Market Risk. The list is not exhaustive; additional risks and uncertainties that Management is not aware of, or focused on, or currently deems immaterial may also impair business operations. If any of the following risks, or risks that have not been identified, actually occur, our financial condition, results of operations, and stock trading price could be materially and adversely affected. We manage these risks by promoting sound corporate governance practices, which includes but is not limited to, establishing policies and internal controls, and implementing internal review processes. Before making an investment decision, investors should carefully consider the risks, together with all of the other information included or incorporated by reference in this Annual Report on Form 10-K and our other filings with the SEC. This report is qualified in its entirety by these risk factors.

Earnings are Significantly Influenced by General Business and Economic Conditions

Our success depends, to a certain extent, on local, national and global economic and political conditions. While labor market conditions continue to strengthen, real gross domestic product rose at a solid pace during the unemployment ratessecond half of 2017, and consumer sentiments in the U.S. and local economies have improved over recent years,household spending had been expanding at a moderate pace, there is no assurance that these improvements are unevensustainable. Economic pressure on consumers and corporate investment growth is still sluggish. There can be no assurance thatuncertainty regarding the sustainability of the economic improvements are sustainable. The pro-growth fiscal policy by the new Administration could cause the inflation rate to rise faster than expected,may result in changes in consumer and business spending, borrowing and savings habits, which may forceaffect the U.S. central bankdemand for loans and other products and services we offer. Our success also depends on the general economic conditions of the State of California, particularly the local markets in which we operate within the San Francisco Bay Area. Unlike larger national or other regional banks that are more geographically diversified, we provide banking and financial services to raise interest rates rapidlycustomers in the greater Bay Area. The local economic conditions in these areas have a significant impact on the demand for our products and services as well as the ability of our customers to combat rising inflation, even though economic activity remains uneven. Such stagflation risk may disruptrepay loans, the financial marketvalue of the collateral securing loans and may ultimately push the economy back to recession.stability of our deposit funding sources. In addition, oil price volatility, the level of U.S. debt and global economic conditions can continuecould destabilize financial markets. Lastly, the pro-growth fiscal policy could cause the inflation rate to have a destabilizing effect on financial markets.rise faster than expected, compelling the Federal Open Market Committee ("FOMC") of the Federal Reserve to raise interest rates rapidly to combat inflation and causing stock market volatility, which we observed in early 2018.

WeaknessIn general, weakness in commercial and residential real estate values and home sale volumes, financial stress on borrowers, increases in unemployment rates1, and customers' inability to pay debt could adversely affect our financial condition and results of operations in the following ways:

1 According to the California Employment Development Department's December 2017 labor reports, the unemployment rates in Marin, San Francisco, Sonoma, Alameda and Napa counties were 2.3%, 2.4%, 2.8%, 3.0% and 3.6%, respectively, compared to the state of California record low of 4.3%, which was down from 5.2% at the end of 2016.


Demand for our products and services may decline;
Low cost or non-interest bearing deposits may decrease;
Collateral for our loans, especially real estate, may decline in value;
Loan delinquencies, problem assets and foreclosures may increase as a result of a deterioration of our borrowers' creditworthiness; and
Investment securities may become impaired.

Interest Rate Risk is Inherent in Our Business

Our earnings are largely dependent upon our net interest income, which is the difference between interest income earned on interest-earning assets, such as loans and securities, and interest expense paid on interest-bearing liabilities, such as deposits and borrowed funds. Interest rates are sensitive to many factors outside of our control, including general economic conditions and the policies of various governmental and regulatory agencies and, in particular, the FRB,FOMC, which regulates the supply of money and credit in the United States. Changes in monetary policy, including changes in interest rates, can influence not only the interest we receive on loans and securities and interest we pay on deposits and borrowings, but can also affect (i) our ability to originate loans and obtain deposits, (ii) the fair value of our financial assets and liabilities, and (iii) the average duration of our securities and loan portfolios. Our portfolio of loans and securities will generally decline in value if market interest rates increase, and increase in value if market interest rates decline. In addition, our loans and callable mortgage-backed securities are also subject to prepayment risk when interest rates fall, and the borrowers' credit risk may increase in rising rate environments.

In December 2016, the Federal Open Market Committee of the FRB (“FOMC”)The FOMC increased the federal funds target rate by 25 basis points (basis points are equal to one hundredth of a percentage point) for the second time since 2008each in March, June and December 2017 to a current range of 0.50%1.25% to 0.75%1.50%. While there was no interest rate action in the first meeting of 2017,2018, the FOMC indicated that it may consider additional increasesfurther gradual adjustments in 2017 upon further strengthening2018 in light of strong labor markets and reachingexpectations that inflation will reach the targeted two percent inflation rate.rate over the medium term. Additionally, other factors such as productivity, oil prices, the strength of the U.S. dollar, and

1 According to the California Employment Development Department's December 2016 labor reports, the unemployment rates in Marin, San Francisco, Sonoma, Napa and Alameda counties were 2.9%, 3.0%, 3.7%, 4.4% and 3.8%, respectively, compared to the state of California of 5.2%.


global demand play a role in the FOMC's consideration of future rate hikes. Our net interest income is vulnerable to a falling or flat rate environment and will benefit if the prevailing market interest rates increase.

However, a rise in index rates leads to lower debt service coverage of variable rate loans if the borrower's operating cash flow does not also rise. This creates a paradox of an improving economy (leading to higher interest rates) with increased credit risk as short-term rates move up faster than the cash flow or income of the borrowers. Higher interest rates may also depress loan demand, making it more difficult for us to grow loans.
 
See the sections captioned “Net Interest Income” in Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations in ItemITEM 7 and Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures about Market Risk in ItemITEM 7A of this report for further discussion related to management of interest rate risk.

Banks and Bank Holding Companies are Subject to Extensive Government Regulation and Supervision

Bancorp and the Bank are subject to extensive federal and state governmental supervision, regulation and control. Holding company regulations affect the range of activities in which Bancorp is engaged. Banking regulations affect the Bank's lending practices, capital structure, investment practices and dividend policy, and compliance costs among other things. Future legislative changes or interpretations may also alter the structure and competitive relationship among financial institutions.

Disruptions in the financial marketplace during the most recent recession have leadled to additional regulations in an attempt to reform financial markets. This reform included, among other things, regulations over consumer financial products, capital adequacy, and the creation of a regime for regulating systemic risk across all types of financial service firms. Further restrictions on financial service companies may adversely affect our results of operations and financial condition, as well as increase our compliance risk. While regulations for higher capital requirements have been postponed and there is discussionare discussions to deregulate further the financial industry under the newcurrent Administration, the nature and extent of future legislative and regulatory changes from both the federal and California legislatures affecting us are unpredictable at this time.

Compliance risk is the current and prospective risk to earnings or capital arising from violations of, or non-conformance with, laws, rules, regulations, prescribed practices, internal policies and procedures, or ethical standards set forth by regulators. Compliance risk also arises in situations where the laws or rules governing certain bank products or activities


of our clients may be ambiguous or untested. This risk exposes Bancorp and the Bank to potential fines, civil money penalties, payment of damages and the voiding of contracts. Compliance risk can lead to diminished reputation, reduced franchise value, limited business opportunities, reduced expansion potential and an inability to enforce contracts.

For further information on supervision and regulation, see the section captioned “Supervision and Regulation” in ItemITEM 1 above.

Intense Competition with Other Financial Institutions to Attract and Retain Banking Customers

We are facing significant competition for customers from other banks and financial institutions located in the markets that we serve. We compete with commercial banks, saving banks,institutions, credit unions, non-bank financial services companies, including financial technology firms, and other financial institutions operating within or near our service areas. Some of our non-bank competitors and peer-to-peer lenders may not be subject to the same extensive regulations as we are, giving them greater flexibility in competing for business. We anticipate intense competition will continue for the coming year due to the consolidation of many financial institutions and more changes in legislature, regulation and technology. National and regional banks much larger than our size have entered our market through acquisitions and they may be able to benefit from economies of scale through their wider branch networks, more prominent national advertising campaigns, lower cost of borrowing, capital market access and sophisticated technology infrastructures. Further, intense competition for creditworthy borrowers could lead to pressure for loan rate concession pressureconcessions and affect our ability to generate profitable loans.

Going forward, we may see continued competition in the industry as competitors seek to expand market share in our core markets. Further, our customers may withdraw deposits to pursue alternative investment opportunities in the recent bullish equity market. Technology and other changes have made it more convenient for bank customers to transfer funds into alternative investments or other deposit accounts such as online virtual banks and non-bank service


providers. Efforts and initiatives we may undertake to retain and increase deposits, including deposit pricing, can increase our costs. Based on our current strong liquidity position, our adjustment to deposit pricing may lag the market in a rising interest rate environment. If our customers move money into higher yielding deposits or alternative investments, we may lose a relatively inexpensive source of funds, thus increasing our funding costs through more expensive wholesale borrowings.

Activities of Our Large Borrowers and Depositors May Cause Unexpected Volatilities in Our Loan and Deposit Balances, as well as Net Interest Margin

The recent rise inRising real estate values in the Bay Area market have motivated some of our borrowers to sell real estate that collateralized our loans, leadingcontributing to loan payoff activity. We experienced loan payoffs of $133 million and $158 million in 2017 and $169 million in 2016, respectively. These payoffs approximated nine and 2015, respectively, which approximated eleven percent annual turnover of our loan portfolio annually.in 2017 and 2016, respectively. Payoffs of loans originated during a higher interest rate environment may be replaced by new loans with lower interest rates, causing downward pressure on our net interest margin. On the other hand, early payoffs of acquired loans may lead to the acceleration of accretion on purchase discounts that temporarily inflate our net interest margin. Although we expect the gains from the early pay-offs of acquired loans to decline, we cannot predict the timing and their effect on our future net interest margin.

In addition, the top ten depositorsdepositor relationships account for approximately 10%nine percent of our total deposit balances. The business models and cash cycles of some of our large commercial depositors may also cause short-term volatility in their deposit balances held with us. As our customers' businesses grow, the dollar value of their daily activities may also grow leading to larger fluctuations in daily balances. Any long-term decline in deposit funding would adversely affect our liquidity. For additional information on our management of deposit volatility, refer to the Liquidity section of ItemITEM 7, Management's Discussion and Analysis, of this report.

Negative Conditions Affecting Real Estate May Harm Our Business and Our Commercial Real Estate ("CRE") Concentration May Heighten Such Risk

Concentration of our lending activities in the California real estate sector could negatively affect our results of operations if adverse changes in our lending area occur or intensify.occur. Although we do not offer traditional first mortgages, nor have sub-prime or Alt-A residential loans or significant amounts of securities backed by such loans in the portfolio, we are not immune to volatility in those markets. Approximately 85%87% of our loans were secured by real estate at December 31, 2016,2017, of which 65%70% were secured by CRE and the remaining 20%17% by residential real estate. Real estate valuations are influenced by demand, and demand is driven by economic factors such as employment rates and interest rates.



Loans secured by CRE include those secured by office buildings, owner-user office/warehouses, mixed-use residential/commercial properties and retail properties. There can be no assurance that the companies or properties securing our loans will generate sufficient cash flows to allow borrowers to make full and timely loan payments to us. In the event of default, the collateral value may not cover the outstanding amount due to us, especially during real estate market downturns.

Rising CRE lending concentrations may expose institutions like us to unanticipated earnings and capital volatility in the event of adverse changes in the CRE market. In addition,The FDIC applies two criteria for identifying institutions that are potentially exposed to significant CRE concentration risk may be subject to increased regulatory scrutiny. The FDIC regulatory threshold for heightened supervision is a two-part test.risk. The first test applies when thecriterion looks at whether non-owner occupied commercial real estate concentration exceedsloans, as defined by the guidelines, exceed 300% of the Bank's total capital. As of December 31, 2016,2017, our non-owner occupied CRE concentration was 332%loans represented 317% of the Bank's capital, which declined from 354%332% as of December 31, 2015. Although this concentration exceeds the regulatory guideline, we are below the regulatory threshold for the2016. The second part of the test, whichcriterion measures whether the non-owner occupied CRE growth rate during the prior 36 months.thirty six months exceeds 50%. Since December 31, 2013,2014, our non-owner occupied CRE portfolio has grown 36%by 22%, below the 50% growth rate per the regulatory hurdle.guideline. We maintain heightened review and analyses of our concentrations and have regular conversations with regulators to avoid unexpected regulatory risk.

Severe Weather, Natural Disasters or Other Climate Change Related Matters Could Significantly Affect Our Business

Our primary market is located in an earthquake-prone zone in northern California, which is also subject to other weather or disasters, such as severe rainstorms, wildfire, drought or flood. These events could interrupt our business operations unexpectedly. Climate-related physical changes and hazards could also pose credit risks for us. For example, our


borrowers may have collateral properties or operations located in coastal areas at risk to rising sea levels and erosion or subject to the risk of drought in California. The properties pledged as collateral on our loan portfolio could also be damaged by tsunamis, landslides, floods, earthquakes or wildfires and thereby the recoverability of loans could be impaired. A number of factors can affect credit losses, including the extent of damage to the collateral, the extent of damage not covered by insurance, the extent to which unemployment and other economic conditions caused by the natural disaster adversely affect the ability of borrowers to repay their loans, and the cost of collection and foreclosure to us. Lastly, there could be increased insurance premiums and deductibles, or a decrease in the availability of coverage, due to severe weather-related losses. The ultimate outcome on our business of a natural disaster, whether or not caused by climate change, is difficult to predict.

In October 2017, much of the North Bay region of Northern California was struck by widespread and destructive wildfires. Fortunately, there was no damage to bank facilities and no significant impairment to services. Management has assessed the impact of the fires on our loan and investment portfolios; including mapping client addresses and locations of municipal bond issuers to areas affected by the fires and evaluating any known damage to collateral and businesses. Based on our assessment, the loss to properties and businesses located in the affected areas that are pledged as collateral to our loans or bonds is minimal. However, the long-term impact to the Napa and Sonoma regional economies is uncertain. Management is monitoring the situation and will continue to respond to the needs of customers and employees during the rebuilding process.

We are Subject to Significant Credit Risk and Loan Losses May Exceed Our Allowance for Loan Losses in the Future

We maintain an allowance for loan losses, which is a reserve established through provisions for loan losses charged to expense, that represents Management's best estimate of probable losses that may be incurred within the existing portfolio of loans (the "incurred loss model"). The level of the allowance reflects Management's continuing evaluation of specific credit risks, loan loss experience, current loan portfolio quality and present economic, political and regulatory conditions. The determination of the appropriate level of the allowance for loan losses inherently involves a high degree of subjectivity and requires us to make significant estimates of current credit risks and future trends, all of which may undergo material changes. Further, we generally rely on appraisals of the collateral or comparable sales data to determine the level of specific reserve and/or the charge-off amount on certain collateral dependent loans. Inaccurate assumptions in the appraisals or an inappropriate choice of the valuation techniques may lead to an inadequate level of specific reserve or charge-offs.

Changes in economic conditions affecting borrowers, new information regarding existing loans and their collateral, identification of additional problem loans, and other factors may require an increase in our allowance for loan losses.


In addition, bank regulatory agencies periodically review our allowance for loan losses and may require an increase in the provision for loan losses or the recognition of further loan charge-offs. If charge-offs in future periods exceed the allowance for loan losses or cash flows from acquired loans do not perform as expected, we will need to record additional provision for loan losses.

In June 2016, the FASB issued ASU No. 2016-13, Financial Instruments - Credit Losses (Topic 326): Measurement of Credit Losses on Financial Instruments. This ASU replaces the incurred loss impairment methodology in current GAAP with a methodology that reflects expected credit losses, requiring a financial asset measured at amortized cost basis to be presented at the net amount expected to be collected. Under the new guidance, entities will be required to measure expected credit losses by utilizing forward-looking information to assess an entity recognizes as anentity's allowance its estimatefor credit losses. The measurement of expected credit losses whichwill be based on historical experience, current conditions and reasonable and supportable forecasts that affect the collectability of a credit over its remaining life. In addition, the ASU amends the accounting for potential credit losses on available-for-sale debt securities and purchased financial assets with credit deterioration. ASU 2016-13 is intended to result in more timely recognition of such losses. This impairment frameworkeffective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2019, including interim periods within those fiscal years. Early adoption is expected to have wide reaching implications to financial institutions and the allowancepermitted for loan losses may increase when it becomes effective on January 1, 2020. In March of 2016, we refined our methodology for determining the appropriate level of the allowance for loan losses.  We track individual net charge offs at the loan and risk grade level and utilize migration analysis in determining our historical loss rates.fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2018, including interim periods within those fiscal years. We have integrated detailed monthly loan-level data into the new model.  As a result, the bank is well-positioned to implement the new guidance.  Weformed an internal Current Expected Credit Loss ("CECL") committee and are in the process of working with our third party vendor to determine what methodologythe appropriate methodologies and assumptions we will use going forward.resources to utilize in preparation for transition to the new accounting standards. Refer to Note 1 to the Consolidated Financial Statements in ItemITEM 8 for further discussion.

Non-performing Assets Take Significant Time to Resolve and Adversely Affect Results of Operations and Financial Condition.

While our non-performing assets are currently at a low level, there can be no assurance that we will not experience increases in non-performing assets in the future. Generally, interest income is not recognized on non-performing loans and the administrative costs on these loans are higher than performing loans. We might incur losses if the creditworthiness of our borrowers deterioratedeteriorates to a point when we need to take collateral in foreclosures and similar proceedings, resulting in possible mark down of the loans to the fair value of the collateral. While we have managed our problem assets through workouts, restructurings and other proactive credit management practices that mitigate credit losses, decreases in the value of the underlying collateral, or deterioration in borrowers' performance or financial conditions, whether or not due to economic and market conditions beyond our control, could adversely affect our business, results of operations and financial condition. In addition, the resolution of non-performing assets can distract Management from other responsibilities.



Securities May Lose Value due to Credit Quality of the Issuers

We invest in significant portions of investment securities issued by government-sponsored enterprises ("GSE"), such as Federal Home Loan Bank ("FHLB"), Federal National Mortgage Association (“FNMA”), Federal Home Loan Mortgage Corporation ("FHLMC"), and Federal Farm Credit Bank. We also hold mortgage-backed securities (“MBS”) securities issued by FNMA and FHLMC. While we consider these securities to have low credit risk as they carry the backing of the U.S. Government, they are not direct obligations of the U.S. Government. GSE debt is sponsored but not guaranteed by the federal government, whereas government agencies such as Government National Mortgage Association ("GNMA") are divisions of the government whose securities are backed by the full faith and credit of the United States.

Since 2008, both FNMA and FHLMC have been under a U.S. Government conservatorship. As a result, securities issued by FNMA and FHLMC have benefited from this government support. However, the new Administration may introduce housing finance reform may be introduced to end GSE status, place FNMA and FHLMC into receivership and replace them with multiple mortgage guarantors, which could lead to a decline inimpact the fair value of our securities issued or guaranteed by these entities. CertainIn October 2017, the FOMC members recently expressed views that reducinginitiated the Fed'sbalance sheet normalization program, in which it intends to reduce the Federal Reserve's holdings of U.S. Treasury bonds is another way to normalize monetary policy without relying on rate hikes.and agency securities by gradually decreasing its reinvestment of the principal payments it receives from securities. If the U.S. Government stops reinvesting or starts selling their holdings in U.S. Treasury or MBS issued by the GSE; if the government support is phased-out or completely withdrawn; or if either FNMA or FHLMC comes under financial stress or suffers creditworthiness deterioration, the value of our investments may be significantly impacted.

We also invest in tax exempt obligations of state and political subdivisions whose value may be negatively impactedhave been affected by tax rate reductions discussed byfrom the new Administration.Tax Cuts and Jobs Act of 2017. Additionally, while we generally seek to minimize our exposure by diversifying the geographic location of our portfolio and investing in investment grade securities, there is no guarantee that the issuers will remain financially sound or continue their payments on these debentures.


Unexpected Early Termination of Interest Rate Swap Agreements May Affect Earnings

We have entered into interest-rate swap agreements, primarily as an asset/liability risk management tool, in order to mitigate the changes in the fair value of specified long-term fixed-rate loans and firm commitments to enter into long-term fixed-rate loans caused by changes in interest rates. These hedges allow us to offer long-term, fixed-rate loans to customers without assuming the interest rate risk of a long-term asset by swapping our fixed-rate interest stream for a floating-rate interest stream. In the event of default by the borrowers on our hedged loans, we may have to terminate these designated interest-rate swap agreements early, resulting in prepayment penalties charged by our counterparties and negatively affect our earnings.

Growth Strategy or Potential Future Acquisitions May Produce Unfavorable Outcomes

We seek to expand our franchise safely and consistently. A successful growth strategy requires us to manage multiple aspects of the business simultaneously, such as following adequate loan underwriting standards, balancing loan and deposit growth without increasing interest rate risk or compressing our net interest margin, maintaining sufficient capital, and recruiting, training and retaining qualified professionals.

Our strategic plan also includes merger and acquisition possibilities that either enhance our market presence or have potential for improved profitability through financial management, economies of scale or expanded services.services, such as the Bank of Napa acquisition in 2017. We may incur significant acquisition related expenses either during the due diligence phase of acquisition targets or during integration of the acquirees. These expenses have and may continue to negatively impact our earnings prior to realizing the benefits of acquisitions. We may also be exposed to difficulties in combining the operations of acquired institutions into our own operations, which may prevent us from achieving the expected benefits from our acquisition activities. Our earnings, financial condition and prospects after athe merger may affect our stock price and will depend in part on our ability to integrate the operations and management of the acquired institution while continuing to implement other aspects of our business plan. Inherent uncertainties exist in integrating the operations of an acquired institution and there is no assurance that we will be able to do so successfully. Among the issues that we could face are:

unexpected problems with operations, personnel, technology or credit;
loss of customers and employees of the acquiree;
difficulty in working with the acquiree's employees and customers;
the assimilation of the acquiree's operations, culture and personnel;


instituting and maintaining uniform standards, controls, procedures and policies; and
litigation risk not discovered during the due diligence period.

Undiscovered factors as a result of an acquisition could bring liabilities against us, our management and the management of the institutions we acquire. These factors could contribute to our not achieving the expected benefits from our acquisitions within desired time frames, if at all. Further, although we generally anticipate cost savings from acquisitions, we may not be able to fully realize those savings. Any cost savings that are realized may be offset by losses in revenues or other charges to earnings.

We May Not Be Able to Attract and Retain Key Employees

Our success depends, in large part, on our ability to attract and retain key people. Competition for the best people in most activities engaged by us has been intense, especially in light of the recent improvement in the job market, and we may not be able to hire skilled people or retain them. We do not have non-compete agreements with any of our senior officers. The unexpected loss of key personnel could have an unfavorable effect on our business because of the skills, knowledge of our market, years of industry experience and difficulty of promptly finding qualified replacement personnel.

Accounting Estimates and Risk Management Processes Rely on Analytical and Forecasting Models

The processes we use to estimate probable loan losses and to measure the fair value of financial instruments, as well as the processes used to estimate the effects of changing interest rates and other market measures on our financial condition and results of operations, depends upon the use of analytical and forecasting models. These models reflect assumptions that may not be accurate, particularly in times of market stress or other unforeseen circumstances. Even


if these assumptions are adequate, the models may prove to be inadequate or inaccurate because of other flaws in their design or their implementation. If the models we use for interest rate risk and asset-liability management are inadequate, we may incur increased or unexpected losses upon changes in market interest rates or other market measures. If the models we use for determining our probable loan losses are inadequate, the allowance for loan losses may not be sufficient to support future charge-offs. If the models we use to measure the fair value of financial instruments are inadequate, the fair value of such financial instruments may fluctuate unexpectedly or may not accurately reflect what we could realize upon sale or settlement of such financial instruments. Any such failure in our analytical or forecasting models could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition and results of operations.

The Value of Goodwill and Other Intangible Assets May Decline in the Future

As of December 31, 2016,2017, we had goodwill totaling $6.4$30.1 million and a core deposit intangible asset totaling $2.6$6.5 million from a business acquisition.acquisitions. A significant decline in expected future cash flows, a significant adverse change in the business climate, slower growth rates or a significant and sustained decline in the price of our common stock could necessitate taking charges in the future related to the impairment of goodwill or other intangible assets. If we were to conclude that a future write-down of goodwill or other intangible assets is necessary, we would record the appropriate charge, which could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition and results of operations.

We May Take Filing Positions or Follow Tax Strategies That May Be Subject to Challenge

We provide for current and deferred taxestax provision in our consolidated financial statements based on our results of operations, business activities and business combinations, legal structure and federal and state legislation and regulations.regulations, which is still evolving from the December 2017 enactment of the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act of 2017. We may take filing positions or follow tax strategies that are subject to interpretation of tax statutes. Our net income may be reduced if a federal, state or local authority were to assess charges for taxes that have not been provided for in our consolidated financial statements. Taxing authorities could change applicable tax laws and interpretations, challenge filing positions or assess new taxes and interest charges. If taxing authorities take any of these actions, our business, results of operations or financial condition could be significantly affected.

We May Be Affected by Changes in Tax Laws and Regulations

Congress and the new Administration have indicated a desire to reform U.S. corporate taxes, including reducing the corporate tax rate. An increase in our on-going net income from a reduction in corporate tax rates may be partially


offset by a write-down in the value of our deferred tax assets upon a tax rate reduction. The one-time impact on our deferred tax assets is dependent on the extent of the tax rate reduction, which remains uncertain at this time.

The Financial Services Industry is Undergoing Rapid Technological Changes and, As a Result, We Have a Continuing Need to Stay Current with Those Changes to Compete Effectively and Increase Our Efficiencies. We May Not Have Thethe Resources to Implement New Technology to Stay Current with These Changes
The financial services industry is undergoing technological changes with frequent introductions of new technology-driven products and services. In addition to providing better client service, the effective use of technology increases efficiency and reduces operational costs. Our future success will depend in part upon our ability to use technology to provide products and services that will satisfy client demands securely and cost-effectively. In connection with implementing new technology enhancements and/or products, we may experience operational challenges (e.g. human error, system error, incompatibility) which could result in us not fully realizing the anticipated benefits from such new technology or require us to incur significant costs to remedy any such challenges in a timely manner.

Risks Associated with Cyber Security Could Negatively Affect Our Earnings and Reputation

Our business requires the secure e-managementmanagement of sensitive client and bank information. We work diligently through implementingto implement security measures that are intendedintend to make our communications and information systems safe to conduct business. Cyber threats such as social engineering, ransomware, and phishing emails are more prevalent now than ever before. These incidents include intentional and unintentional events that may present threats that are designed to disrupt operations, corrupt data, release sensitive information or cause denial-of-service attacks. A cyber security breach of systems operated by the Bank, merchants, vendors, customers, or externally publicized breaches of other financial institutions may significantly harm our reputation, result in a loss of customer business, subject us to regulatory scrutiny, or expose us to civil litigation and financial liability. While we have systems and procedures designed to prevent security breaches, we cannot be certain that advances in criminal capabilities, physical system or network break-ins or inappropriate access will not compromise or breach the technology protecting our networks or proprietary client information.



We Rely on Third-Party Vendors for Important Aspects of Our Operation

We depend on the accuracy and completeness of information and systems provided by certain key vendors, including but not limited to data processing, payroll processing, technology support, investment safekeeping and accounting. In particular,For example, we outsource core processing to Fidelity Information Services ("FIS") and wire processing to D+H, both ofFinastra, which are leading financial services solution providers whichthat allow us access to competitive technology offerings without having to directly invest in their development. Our ability to operate, as well as our financial condition and results of operations, could be negatively affected in the event of an interruption of an information system, an undetected error, a cyber breach,cyber-breach, or in the event of a natural disaster whereby certain vendors are unable to maintain business continuity.

Failure of Correspondent Banks May Affect Liquidity

Financial services institutions are highly interrelated as a resultbecause of clearing and exchange, counterparty, and other business relationships. In particular, the financial services industry in general was materially and adversely affected by the recent credit crisis, including the failure and consolidation of banks in the industry in recent years. While we regularly monitor the financial health of our correspondent banks and we have diverse sources of liquidity, should any one of our correspondent banks become financially impaired, our available credit may decline and/or they may be unable to honor their commitments.

Deterioration of Credit Quality or Insolvency of Insurance Companies May Impede Our Ability to Recover Losses

The financial crisis led certain major insurance companies to be downgraded by rating agencies. We have property, casualty and financial institution risk coverage underwritten by several insurance companies, who may not avoid insolvency risk inherent in the insurance industry. In addition, some of our investments in obligations of state and political subdivisions are insured by insurance companies. While we closely monitor the credit ratings of our insurers and the insurers of our municipal securities and we are poised to make quick changes if needed, we cannot predict


an unexpected inability to honor commitments. We also invest in bank-owned life insurance policies on certain members of Management, which may lose value in the event of a carrier's insolvency. In the event that a bank-owned life insurance policy carrier's credit ratings fall below investment grade, we may exchange policies to other carriers at a cost charged by the original carrier, or we may terminate the policies, which may result in adverse tax consequences.

Our loan portfolio is secured primarily by properties located in earthquake or fire-prone zones. In the event of a disaster that causes pervasive damage to the region in which we operate, not only the Bank, but also the loan collateral may suffer losses not recoverable by insurance.

Bancorp Relies on Dividends from the Bank to Pay Cash Dividends to Shareholders

Bancorp is a separate legal entity from its subsidiary, the Bank. Bancorp receives substantially all of its cash stream from the Bank in the form of dividends, which is Bancorp's principal source of funds to pay cash dividends to Bancorp's common shareholders, service subordinated debt, and cover operational expenses of the holding company. Various federal and state laws and regulations limit the amount of dividends that the Bank may pay to Bancorp. In the event that the Bank is unable to pay dividends to Bancorp, Bancorp may not be able to pay dividends to its shareholders or pay interest on the subordinated debentures. As a result, it could have an adverse effect on Bancorp's stock price and investment value.

Under federalFederal law would prohibit capital distributions from the Bank, would become prohibited, with limited exceptions, if the Bank were categorized as "undercapitalized" under applicable FRBFederal Reserve or FDIC regulations. In addition, as a California bank, Bank of Marin is subject to state law restrictions on the payment of dividends. For further information on the distribution limit from the Bank to Bancorp, see the section captioned “Bank Regulation” in ItemITEM 1 above and “Dividends” in Note 8 to the Consolidated Financial Statements in ItemITEM 8 of this report.

The Trading Volume of Bancorp's Common Stock is Less than That of Other, Larger Financial Services Companies

Our common stock is listed on the NASDAQ Capital Market exchange. Our trading volume is less than that of nationwide or larger regional financial institutions. A public trading market having the desired characteristics of depth, liquidity


and orderliness depends on the presence of willing buyers and sellers of common stock at any given time. This presence depends on the individual decisions of investors and general economic and market conditions over which we have no control. Given the low trading volume of our common stock, significant trades of our stock in a given time, or the expectations of these trades, could cause volatility in the stock price.

We may need to Raise Additional Capital in the Future, and if we Fail to Maintain Sufficient Capital, Whether due to Losses, an Inability to Raise Additional Capital or Otherwise, our Financial Condition, Liquidity and Results of Operations, as well as our Ability to Maintain Regulatory Compliance, Could be Adversely Affected

We face significant capital and other regulatory requirements as a financial institution. We may need to raise additional capital in the future to provide us with sufficient capital resources and liquidity to meet our commitments and business needs, which could include the possibility of financing acquisitions. In addition, Bancorp, on a consolidated basis, and the Bank, on a stand-alone basis, must meet certain regulatory capital requirements and maintain sufficient liquidity. Importantly, as discussed below, regulatory capital requirements could increase from current levels, which could require us to raise additional capital or contract our operations. Our ability to raise additional capital depends on conditions in the capital markets, economic conditions and a number of other factors, including investor perceptions regarding the banking industry, market conditions and governmental activities, and on our financial condition and performance. Accordingly, we cannot assure that we will be able to raise additional capital if needed or on terms acceptable to us. If we fail to maintain capital to meet regulatory requirements, our liquidity, business, financial condition and results of operations could be materially and adversely affected.

We may be Subject to more Stringent Capital Requirements in the Future

We are subject to regulatory requirements specifying minimum amounts and types of capital that we must maintain. From time to time, the regulators change these regulatory capital adequacy guidelines. If we fail to meet these minimum capital guidelines and other regulatory requirements, Bancorp or the Bank may be restricted in the types of activities


we may conduct and we may be prohibited from taking certain capital actions, such as paying dividends and repurchasing or redeeming capital securities.

In particular, the capital requirements applicable to us under the Basel III capital framework in the United States, which became effective beginning January 2015, will be fully phased-in by January 2019. As these new rules take effect, we will be required to satisfy additional, more stringent, capital adequacy standards than we have in the past. In addition, if If we become subject to annual stress testing requirements, our stress test results may have the effect of requiring us to comply with even greater capital requirements. While we currently meet the requirements of the new Basel III-based capital rules on a fully implemented basis, we may eventually fail to do so. In addition, these requirements could have a negativenegatively affect on our ability to lend, grow deposit balances, make acquisitions or make capital distributions in the form of dividends or share repurchases. Higher capital levels could also lower our return on equity.

We may be Subject to Environmental Liabilities in Connection with the Foreclosure on Real Estate Assets Securing our Loan Portfolio

Hazardous or toxic substances or other environmental hazards may be located on the properties that secure our loans. If we acquire such properties as a result of foreclosure or otherwise, we could become subject to various environmental liabilities. For example, we could be held liable for the cost of cleaning up or otherwise addressing contamination at or from these properties. We could also be held liable to a governmental entity or third-partythird party for property damage, personal injury or other claims relating to any environmental contamination at or from these properties. In addition, we own and operate certain properties that may be subject to similar environmental liability risks. Although we have policies and procedures that are designed to mitigate against certain environmental risks, we may not detect all environmental hazards associated with these properties. If we ever became subject to significant environmental liabilities, our business, financial condition and results of operations could be adversely affected.

The Small to Medium-sized Businesses that we Lend to may have Fewer Resources to Weather Adverse Business Developments, which may Impair a Borrower's Ability to Repay a Loan, and such Impairment could Adversely Affect our Results of Operations and Financial Condition

We focus our business development and marketing strategy primarily on small to medium-sized businesses. Small to medium-sized businesses frequently have smaller market shares than their competition, may be more vulnerable to economic downturns, often need substantial additional capital to expand or compete and may experience substantial volatility in operating results, any of which may impair a borrower's ability to repay a loan. In addition, the success of a small and medium-sized business often depends on the management talents and efforts of one or two people or a small group of people, and the death, disability or resignation of one or more of these people could adversely affect


the business and its ability to repay its loan. If general economic conditions negatively affect the California markets in which we operate and small to medium-sized businesses are adversely affected or our borrowers are otherwise affected by adverse business developments, our business, financial condition and results of operations may be negatively affected.

A Lack of Liquidity could Adversely Affect our Operations and Jeopardize our Business, Financial Condition and Results of Operations

Liquidity is essential to our business. We rely on our ability to generate deposits and effectively manage the repayment and maturity schedules of our loans and investment securities, respectively, to ensure that we have adequate liquidity to fund our operations. An inability to raise funds through deposits, borrowings, securities sales, Federal Home Loan Bank advances, the sale of loans and other sources could have a substantial negative effect on our liquidity. Our most important source of funds consists of deposits. Deposit balances can decrease when customers perceive alternative investments as providing a better risk/return tradeoff. If customers move money out of bank deposits and into other investments, then we would lose a relatively low-cost source of funds, increasing our funding costs and reducing our net interest income and net income.

Other primary sources of funds consist of cash flows from operations, investment maturities and sales, loan repayments, and proceeds from the issuance and sale of any equity and debt securities to investors. Additional liquidity is provided by the ability to borrow from the Federal Reserve Bank of San Francisco and the Federal Home Loan Bank and our ability to raise brokered deposits. We also may borrow funds from third-party lenders, such as other financial institutions. Our access to funding sources in amounts adequate to finance or capitalize our activities, or on terms that are acceptable


to us, could be impaired by factors that affect us directly or the bank or non-bank financial services industries or the economy in general, such as disruptions in the financial markets or negative views and expectations about the prospects for the bank or non-bank financial services industries.

Based on past experience, we believe that our deposit accounts are relatively stable sources of funds. If we increase interest rates paid to retain deposits, our earnings may be adversely affected, which could have an adverse effect on our business, financial condition and results of operations.

Any decline in available funding could adversely affect our ability to originate loans, invest in securities, meet our expenses, and pay dividends to our shareholders or to fulfill obligations such as repaying our borrowings or meeting deposit withdrawal demands, any of which could have a material adverse impact on our liquidity, business, financial condition and results of operations.

Changes to, or Elimination of, London Interbank Offered Rate (“LIBOR”) Could Adversely Affect our Financial Instruments with Interest Rates Currently Indexed to LIBOR

Regulators and law-enforcement agencies from a number of governments, including entities in the United States, Japan, Canada and the United Kingdom, have been conducting civil and criminal investigations into whether the banks that contributed to the British Bankers’ Association (the “BBA”) in connection with the calculation of daily LIBOR may have underreported or otherwise manipulated or attempted to manipulate LIBOR. Based on a review conducted by the Financial Conduct Authority of the United Kingdom (the “FCA”) and a consultation conducted by the European Commission, proposals have been made for governance and institutional reform, regulation, technical changes and contingency planning. In particular: (a) new legislation has been enacted in the United Kingdom pursuant to which LIBOR submissions and administration are now “regulated activities” and manipulation of LIBOR has been brought within the scope of the market abuse regime; (b) legislation has been proposed which if implemented would, among other things, alter the manner in which LIBOR is determined, compel more banks to provide LIBOR submissions, and require these submissions to be based on actual transaction data; and (c) LIBOR rates for certain currencies and maturities are no longer published daily. In addition, pursuant to authorization from the FCA, the ICE Benchmark Administration Limited (the “IBA”) took over the administration of LIBOR from the BBA on February 1, 2014.

In a speech on July 27, 2017, Andrew Bailey, the Chief Executive of the FCA, announced the FCA’s intention to cease sustaining LIBOR after 2021. The FCA has statutory powers to require panel banks to contribute to LIBOR where necessary. The FCA has decided not to ask, or to require, that panel banks continue to submit contributions to LIBOR beyond the end of 2021. The FCA has indicated that it expects that the current panel banks will voluntarily sustain LIBOR until the end of 2021. The FCA’s intention is that after 2021, it will no longer be necessary for the FCA to ask,


or to require, banks to submit contributions to LIBOR. The FCA does not intend to sustain LIBOR through using its influence or legal powers beyond that date. While it is possible that the IBA and the panel banks could continue to produce LIBOR on the current basis after 2021, there is no assurance that LIBOR will survive in its current form, or at all.

We have floating rate loans and investment securities, interest rate swap agreements and subordinated debentures whose interest rates are indexed to LIBOR. We cannot predict the effect of the FCA’s decision not to sustain LIBOR or, if changes are ultimately made to LIBOR, the effect of those changes. In addition, we cannot predict what alternative index would be chosen, should this occur. If LIBOR in its current form does not survive or if an alternative index is chosen, the market value and/or liquidity of our financial instruments currently indexed to LIBOR could be adversely affected.

ITEM 1B      UNRESOLVED STAFF COMMENTS

None

ITEM 2     PROPERTIES

We lease our corporate headquarters building in Novato, California, which houses substantial loan production, operations and administration.  We also lease other branch or office facilities within our primary market areas in the cities of Corte Madera, San Rafael, Novato, Sausalito, Mill Valley, Tiburon, Greenbrae, Petaluma, Santa Rosa, Healdsburg, Sonoma, Napa, San Francisco, Alameda and Oakland.  We consider our properties to be suitable and adequate for our needs. For additional information on properties, see Notes 4 and 12 to the Consolidated Financial Statements included in ItemITEM 8 of this report.

ITEM 3         LEGAL PROCEEDINGS
 
We may be party to legal actions whichthat arise from time to time as part of the normal course of our business.  We believe, after consultation with legal counsel, that we have meritorious defenses in these actions, and that litigation contingent liability, if any, will not have a material adverse effect on our financial position, results of operations, or cash flows.
 
We are responsible for our proportionate share of certain litigation indemnifications provided to Visa U.S.A. by its member banks in connection with lawsuits related to anti-trust charges and interchange fees. For further details, see Note 12 to the Consolidated Financial Statements in ItemITEM 8 of this report.

ITEM 4      MINE SAFETY DISCLOSURES
 
Not applicable.



PART II     
 
ITEM 5      MARKET FOR REGISTRANT'S COMMON EQUITY, RELATED STOCKHOLDER MATTERS AND ISSUER PURCHASES OF EQUITY SECURITIES

Bancorp common stock trades on the NASDAQ Capital Market under the symbol BMRC. At February 28, 2017, 6,129,8172018, 6,970,446 shares of Bancorp's common stock, no par value, were outstanding and held by approximately 2,2002,900 holders of record and beneficial owners. The following table sets forth, for the periods indicated, the range of high and low intra-day sales prices of Bancorp's common stock.
Calendar2016201520172016
QuarterHigh
Low
High
Low
High
Low
High
Low
1st Quarter
$54.50
$45.65
$52.96
$48.63
$72.50
$63.25
$54.50
$45.65
2nd Quarter
$51.61
$47.16
$53.00
$45.81
$69.95
$59.05
$51.61
$47.16
3rd Quarter
$52.47
$47.25
$52.89
$46.81
$70.75
$60.95
$52.47
$47.25
4th Quarter
$75.05
$49.25
$56.77
$47.75
$77.90
$63.90
$75.05
$49.25

The table below shows cash dividends paid to common shareholders on a quarterly basis in the last two fiscal years.
Calendar2016201520172016
QuarterPer Share
Dollars
Per Share
Dollars
Per Share
Dollars
Per Share
Dollars
1st Quarter
$0.25
$1,518
$0.22
$1,307
$0.27
$1,655
$0.25
$1,518
2nd Quarter
$0.25
$1,526
$0.22
$1,313
$0.27
$1,661
$0.25
$1,526
3rd Quarter
$0.25
$1,528
$0.22
$1,316
$0.29
$1,788
$0.25
$1,528
4th Quarter
$0.27
$1,651
$0.24
$1,454
$0.29
$1,792
$0.27
$1,651
$1.02
$6,223
$0.90
$5,390
$1.12
$6,896
$1.02
$6,223

On January 20, 201719, 2018, the CompanyBoard of Directors declared a quarterly cash dividend of 27 cents$0.29 per share, payable on February 10, 20179, 2018 to shareholders of record at the close of business on February 3, 2017.2, 2018. For additional information regarding our ability to pay dividends, see discussion in Note 8 to the Consolidated Financial Statements, under the heading “Dividends,” in ItemITEM 8 of this report.

There were no purchases made by or on behalf of Bancorp or any “affiliated purchaser” (as defined in Rule 10b-18(a)(3) under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934), of the Bancorp's common stock during the fourth quarter of 2016.2017.

On July 2, 2007,6, 2017, Bancorp executed a shareholder rights agreement (“Rights Agreement”), which expires July 23, 2022, designed to discourage takeovers that involve abusive tactics or do not provide fair value to shareholders, which was amended on June 17, 2016.shareholders. For further information, see Note 8 to the Consolidated Financial Statements, under the heading “Preferred Stock and Shareholder Rights Plan” in ItemITEM 8 of this report.

Securities Authorized for Issuance under Equity Compensation Plans

The following table summarizes information as of December 31, 20162017, with respect to equity compensation plans. All plans have been approved by the shareholders.
 (A)
(B)
(C)
 
Shares to be issued upon exercise of outstanding options1

Weighted average exercise price of outstanding options
Shares remaining available for future issuance (excluding shares in column A) 2
Equity compensation plans approved by shareholders181,789
$41.20
269,592
 
Shares to be issued upon exercise of outstanding options1

Weighted average exercise price of outstanding options
Shares remaining available for future issuance 2
Equity compensation plans approved by shareholders258,968
$40.84
219,414
1 Represents shares of common stock issuable upon exercise of outstanding options under the Bank of Marin 1999 Stock OptionBancorp 2017 Equity Plan and the Bank of Marin Bancorp 2007 Equity Plan.
2 Represents remaining shares of common stock available for future grants under the 20072017 Equity Plan and the 2010 Director Stock Plan, excluding 258,968 shares to be issued upon exercise of outstanding options.options and 192,453 shares available to be issued under the Employee Stock Purchase Plan.



Five-Year Stock Price Performance Graph

The following graph, compiled by SNL Financial LCS&P Global Market Intelligence of Charlottesville, Virginia,New York, New York, shows a comparison of cumulative total shareholder return on our common stock during the five fiscal years ended December 31, 20162017 compared to the Russell 2000 Stock index and the SNL Bank $1B - $5B Index. The comparison assumes the investment of $100 was invested on December 31, 2011 in our common stock on December 31, 2012 and the reinvestment of all of the dividends were reinvested.dividends. The graph represents past performance and shoulddoes not be considered to be an indication ofindicate future performance. In addition, total return performance results vary depending on the length of the performance period.
 

2011
2012
2013
2014
2015
2016
2012
2013
2014
2015
2016
2017
Bank of Marin Bancorp (BMRC)100
101.52
119.69
147.63
152.61
203.45
100.00
117.90
145.42
150.33
200.41
198.70
Russell 2000 Index100
116.35
161.52
169.43
161.95
196.45
100.00
138.82
145.62
139.19
168.85
193.58
SNL Bank $1B - $5B Index100
123.31
179.31
187.48
209.86
301.92
Source: SNL Financial LC of Charlottesville, Virginia 
SNL Bank $1B - $5B Index 1
100.00
145.41
152.04
170.20
244.85
261.04
Source: S&P Global Market IntelligenceSource: S&P Global Market Intelligence 

1 Includes all Major Exchange (NYSE, NYSE MKT, and Nasdaq) banks in S&P Global's coverage universe with $1 billion to $5 billion in assets as of the most recent available financial data.


ITEM 6        SELECTED FINANCIAL DATA

The following data has been derived from the audited consolidated financial statements of Bank of Marin Bancorp. For additional information, refer to ItemITEM 7, Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations,, and ItemITEM 8, Financial Statements and Supplementary Data.Data.
At December 31,At December 31,
(in thousands)2016201520142013201220172016201520142013
Selected financial condition data:  
Total assets$2,023,493
$2,031,134
$1,787,130
$1,805,194
$1,434,749
$2,468,154
$2,023,493
$2,031,134
$1,787,130
$1,805,194
Loans, net1,471,174
1,436,299
1,348,252
1,255,098
1,060,291
1,663,246
1,471,174
1,436,299
1,348,252
1,255,098
Deposits1,772,700
1,728,226
1,551,619
1,587,102
1,253,289
2,148,670
1,772,700
1,728,226
1,551,619
1,587,102
Borrowings5,586
72,395
20,185
19,969
15,000
5,739
5,586
72,395
20,185
19,969
Stockholders' equity230,563
214,473
200,026
180,887
151,792
297,025
230,563
214,473
200,026
180,887
For the Years Ended December 31,For the Years Ended December 31,
(dollars in thousands, except per share data)2016201520142013201220172016201520142013
Selected operating data:  
Net interest income$73,161
$67,187
$70,441
$58,775
$63,190
$74,852
$73,161
$67,187
$70,441
$58,775
(Reversal of) provision for loan losses(1,850)500
750
540
2,900
Provision for (reversal of) loan losses500
(1,850)500
750
540
Non-interest income9,161
9,193
9,041
8,066
7,112
8,268
9,161
9,193
9,041
8,066
Non-interest expense 1
47,692
46,949
47,263
44,092
38,694
53,782
47,692
46,949
47,263
44,092
Net income 1
23,134
18,441
19,771
14,270
17,817
15,976
23,134
18,441
19,771
14,270
Net income per common share:  
Basic$3.81
$3.09
$3.35
$2.62
$3.34
$2.58
$3.81
$3.09
$3.35
$2.62
Diluted$3.78
$3.04
$3.29
$2.57
$3.28
$2.55
$3.78
$3.04
$3.29
$2.57
At or for the Years ended December 31,At or for the Years Ended December 31,
2016201520142013201220172016201520142013
Performance and other financial ratios:  
Return on average assets1.15%0.98%1.08%0.96%1.24%0.75%1.15%0.98%1.08%0.96%
Return on average equity10.23%8.84%10.31%8.86%12.36%6.49%10.23%8.84%10.31%8.86%
Tax-equivalent net interest margin3.91%3.83%4.13%4.20%4.74%3.80%3.91%3.83%4.13%4.20%
Efficiency ratio57.93%61.47%59.46%65.97%55.04%64.70%57.93%61.47%59.46%65.97%
Loan-to-deposit ratio83.86%83.97%87.87%79.98%85.69%78.14%83.86%83.97%87.87%79.98%
Cash dividend payout ratio on common stock 2
26.77%29.10%23.90%27.90%21.00%43.41%26.77%29.10%23.90%27.90%
Cash dividends per common share$1.02
$0.90
$0.80
$0.73
$0.70
$1.12
$1.02
$0.90
$0.80
$0.73
Asset quality ratios:  
Allowance for loan losses to total loans1.04%1.03%1.11%1.12%1.27%0.94%1.04%1.03%1.11%1.12%
Allowance for loan losses to non-performing loans 3
106.5 x
6.88x
1.61x
1.22x
0.77x
38.88x
106.5x
6.88x
1.61x
1.22x
Non-performing loans to total loans 3
0.01%0.15%0.69%0.92%1.64%0.02%0.01%0.15%0.69%0.92%
Capital ratios:  
Equity to total assets ratio11.39%10.60%11.20%10.00%10.60%12.03%11.39%10.60%11.20%10.00%
Total capital (to risk-weighted assets)14.32%13.37%13.94%13.21%13.71%14.91%14.32%13.37%13.94%13.21%
Tier 1 capital (to risk-weighted assets)13.37%12.44%12.87%12.18%12.52%14.04%13.37%12.44%12.87%12.18%
Tier 1 capital (to average assets)11.39%10.67%10.62%10.78%10.30%12.13%11.39%10.67%10.62%10.78%
Common equity Tier 1 capital (to risk-weighted assets)13.07%12.16%N/A
N/A
N/A
13.75%13.07%12.16%N/A
N/A
Other data:  
Number of full service offices20
20
21
21
17
23
20
20
21
21
Full time equivalent employees262
259
260
281
238
291
262
259
260
281
1 2017, 2014 and 2013 included $2.2 million, $746 thousand and $3.7 million, respectively, in merger-related expenses.
2 Calculated as dividends on common shares divided by basic net income per common share.
3 Non-performing loans include loans on non-accrual status and loans past due 90 days or more and still accruing interest.



ITEM 7     MANAGEMENT'S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS
 
The following discussion of financial condition as of December 31, 20162017 and 20152016 and results of operations for each of the years in the three-year period ended December 31, 20162017 should be read in conjunction with our consolidated financial statements and related notes thereto, included in Part II ItemITEM 8 of this report. Average balances, including balances used in calculating certain financial ratios, are generally comprised of average daily balances.
 
Forward-Looking Statements
 
The disclosures set forth in this item are qualified by important factors detailed in Part I captioned Forward-Looking Statements and ItemITEM 1A captioned Risk Factors of this report and other cautionary statements set forth elsewhere in the report.

Critical Accounting Policies and Estimates

Critical accounting policies are those that are both very important to the portrayal of our financial condition and results of operations and require Management's most difficult, subjective, or complex judgments, often because of the need to make estimates about the effect of matters that are inherently uncertain and imprecise.

Management has determined the following four accounting policies to be critical:

Allowance for Loan Losses: For information regarding our ALLL methodology, the related provision for loan losses, risks related to asset quality and lending activity, see ITEM 1A - Risk Factors, ITEM 7 - Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations, and Note 1 - Summary of Significant Accounting Policies and Note 3 - Loans and Allowance for Loan Losses in ITEM 8 - Financial Statements and Supplementary Data of this Form 10-K.

Other-than-temporary Impairment of Investment Securities: For information regarding our investment securities, investment activity, and related risks, see ITEM 1A - Risk Factors, ITEM 7 - Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations, Note 1 - Summary of Significant Accounting Policies and Note 2 - Investment Securities in ITEM 8 - Financial Statements and Supplementary Data of this Form 10-K.

Accounting for Income Taxes: For information on our tax assets and liabilities, and related provision for income taxes, see Note 1 - Summary of Significant Accounting Policies and Note 11 - Income Taxes in ITEM 8 - Financial Statements and Supplementary Data of this Form 10-K.

Fair Value Measurements: For information on our use of fair value measurements and our related valuation methodologies, see Note 1 - Summary of Significant Accounting Policies and Note 9 - Fair Value of Assets and Liabilities in ITEM 8 - Financial Statements and Supplementary Data of this Form 10-K.



Executive Summary
 
Annual earnings increased 25.4%were $16.0 million in 20162017 compared to $23.1 million compared to $18.4 million in 2015.2016. Diluted earnings of $3.78were $2.55 per share for the year ended December 31, 20162017, compared to $3.04$3.78 per share in the same period of 2015.2016.

The following are highlights of operating and financial performance for the year ended December 31, 2016:2017:
RecordIn 2017, Bank of Marin acquired Bank of Napa. As a result, Bank of Marin is the largest community bank in Napa County by deposit share. This is the third acquisition in the past six years that strengthens the Bank’s presence in the San Francisco Bay Area. Additionally, we expanded our presence in Sonoma County by opening our Healdsburg office.
Earnings in 2017 included a $3.0 million one-time deferred tax asset write-down due to the enactment of the new federal tax law on December 22, 2017, and expenses related to the acquisition of Bank of Napa. Without these expenses, diluted earnings resulted in a return on assetsper share ("ROA"EPS") of 1.15%would have been $3.28 for the full year, and net income would have been $20.5 million for the year ended December 31, 2016, and2017. Refer to table on the following page for a return on equity ("ROE"detailed reconciliation of these financial measures presented according to the Generally Accepted Accounting Principles (“GAAP”) of 10.23%. Earningsvs. non-GAAP. Additionally, annual earnings in 2016 benefitedwere higher than 2017 due to loan recoveries and early payoff of several acquired loans purchased at a discount, which positively impacted the 2016 EPS by $0.47.
The Bank achieved organic loan growth of $59.5 million, or 4.0% in 2017. Including loans acquired from higher earning assets, a largeBank of Napa, the total loan recovery in the third quarter that resulted in interest recoveries of $1.4 million and reversal of loan loss reserve of $1.6 million and a $1.0 million increase in gains on payoffs of purchased credit impaired loans.
Credit quality is very strong and continues to improve. Non-accrual loans continued to trend downward, and decreased to $145.0 thousand at December 31, 2016portfolio grew 12.9% from $2.2 million at December 31, 2015, and as a percentage of total loans declined to 0.01% from 0.15% a year ago. Due to our current low level of non-performing loans, going forward we do not anticipate any significant recoveries on problem loans similar to the ones that boosted our earnings this year.
Our loan to deposit ratio totaled 84% at December 31, 2016. Loans increased by $35.4 million for the year and totaled $1,486.6 million at December 31, 2016 compared to $1,451.2$1,679.0 million at December 31, 2015. New loan volume of approximately $1922017. In early 2018, we are funding loans carried over from the prior year as we continue to rebuild our pipeline.
Organic deposit growth was $144.5 million, in 2016 resulted primarily from originations of investor commercial real estate, owner occupied commercial real estate and commercial and industrial loans. Loan payoffs of approximately $158 millionor 8.2% for the year were down $11year. Combined organic growth and deposits acquired from Bank of Napa resulted in 21.2% total deposit growth to $2,148.7 million from 2015 and primarily the result of property sales, cash repayments and successful completion of construction projects.
Deposits grew $44.5 million, or 2.6%,at December 31, 2017, compared to $1,772.7 million at December 31, 2016 from $1,728.2 million at December 31, 2015.2016. Non-interest bearing deposits, totaled $817.0including those acquired, grew by $197.1 million at December 31, 2016, an increase of $46.9 million, or 6.1%, when compared to December 31, 2015. Non-interest bearing deposits represented 46.1%in 2017 and made up 47% of total deposits at year end. Cost of total deposits remained low at 0.07% despite three short-term interest rate increases by the Federal Reserve Open Market Committee in 2017.
Strong credit quality remains a cornerstone of the Bank’s consistent performance. Non-accrual loans represent 0.02% of the Bank's loan portfolio as of December 31, 2016 compared2017. A $500 thousand provision for loan losses was recorded in the fourth quarter due to 44.6% at December 31, 2015.continuing loan growth and elevated risk factors associated with the unknown long-term impacts of the 2017 North Bay wildfires and effects of the Bank of Napa acquisition.
While the long-term impact of the October 2017 wildfires on the North Bay economy is still unknown, the immediate impact to our loan portfolio and to our customer base was minimal. Bank of Marin is committed to helping our customers and our communities recover and rebuild.
Net interest income totaled $74.9 million and $73.2 million in 2017 and $67.2 million in 2016, and 2015, respectively. The increase of $6.0$1.7 million in 20162017 is primarily due to an increase of $120 million in average earning assets of $114.4 million, partially offset by a $1.4 million interest recovery, and greaterdecrease in gains on payoffs and accretion on purchased loans, partially offset by lower average rates on loans and investment securities and prepayment fees of $312 thousand on a Federal Home Loan Bank ("FHLB") advance$1.4 million interest recovery in the second quarter of 2016. The tax equivalent net interest margin increaseddecreased to 3.80% in 2017 compared to 3.91% in 2016 compared to 3.83% in 2015 for the same reasons. Refer to the Net Interest Income section below for information on the tax equivalent net interest margin and the reported net interest margin.
OurThe effective tax rate of 44.6% for the year was elevated by 10.5 percentage points due to the deferred tax asset write-down. Without this charge, the effective tax rate would have been slightly lower than the previous years.
The efficiency ratio (the ratio of non-interest expense divided bywas 64.7% for the sum of net interest income and non-interest income) was 57.93% and 61.47%full year, up from 57.9% in 2016 and 2015, respectively. Our expense discipline allowed for a healthy2016. Acquisition expenses increased the efficiency ratio notwithstandingby 2.7 percentage points for the challenging interest rate, competitiveyear. We expect approximately $1.0 million in additional acquisition-related expenses in 2018.



For the year ended December 31, 2017, return on assets ("ROA") was 0.75% and regulatory environments.return on equity ("ROE") was 6.49%. Acquisition expenses and the deferred tax asset write-down reduced ROA by 0.22 percentage points and ROE by 1.86 percentage points.

All of our capital ratios are well above current regulatory requirements for a "well-capitalized"well-capitalized institution. The total risk-based capital ratio for Bancorp was 14.9% at December 31, 2017, compared to 14.3% at December 31, 2016 compared to 13.4% last year.2016.

Looking forward into the new year, the investments we made in both organic growth and the Bank of Napa acquisition in 2017 we believe we are well-positionedshould position us very well for 2018.
The reduced tax rate resulting from the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act of 2017 presents an opportunity for the Bank to growconsider or accelerate certain strategies, including potential value-added investments, changes to our loans and deposits with strong loan and deposit pipelines atdividend policy or other capital actions.   Additionally, in January 2018, the endBank awarded special bonuses to staff in recognition of 2016 despite many market uncertainties and a general expectation of 10% annual loan runoff.  We expect to be able to weather economic uncertainties, including but not limitedtheir consistent contributions to the interest rate environment and corporate tax rates.Bank's ongoing success.
We have ample liquidity and capital to support organic growth and acquisitions in coming years.
As part of its organic growth plan, the Bank expanded its executive and lending teams with several strategic hires in 2017, including a Chief Operating Officer and a Commercial Banking Regional Manager for the Bank’s Napa and Sonoma markets.
Acquisitions remain a component of our strategic plan. The Bay Area is an economically attractive areaplan and we intendwill continue to expandevaluate merger and acquisition opportunities that fit with our footprint through organic growth (including opening new branches and commercial banking offices) and strategic acquisitions. As we build our teamculture and add strategic client-facing staff, we continuevalue for our expense control measures to remain an efficient bank.
shareholders.
Our disciplined credit culture and relationship-focused banking continue to be critical components of our success.
Statement regarding use of non-GAAP financial measures

Management believes that presentation of operating results using non-GAAP financial measures provides useful supplemental information to investors and facilitates the analysis of Bancorp's core operating results and comparison of operating results across reporting periods. Management also uses non-GAAP financial measures to establish budgets and manage Bancorp's business. A reconciliation of the GAAP financial results to non-GAAP financial results is included in the following table.
Reconciliation of GAAP and Non-GAAP Financial Measures 
 Years ended
(in thousands, unaudited)December 31, 2017December 31, 2016December 31, 2015
Net income (GAAP)$15,976
$23,134
$18,441
Acquisition-related expenses2,209


Tax effect associated with acquisition-related expenses               (657)


Deferred tax asset write-down              3,017


Comparable net income (Non-GAAP)$20,545
$23,134
$18,441
Diluted earnings per share (GAAP)$2.55
$3.78
$3.04
Acquisition-related expenses                0.35


Tax effect associated with acquisition-related expenses              (0.10)


Deferred tax asset write-down                0.48


Comparable diluted earnings per share (Non-GAAP)$3.28
$3.78
$3.04

Following is a description of the adjustments made to GAAP financial measures:

Acquisition-related costs: Costs related to closing and integration of the acquired bank.

Tax expense associated with write-down of the net deferred tax assets due to the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act of 2017 discussed earlier.


RESULTS OF OPERATIONS

Net Interest Income
 
Net interest income is the difference between the interest earned on loans, investments and other interest-earning assets and the interest expense incurred on deposits and other interest-bearing liabilities. Net interest income is affected by changes in general market interest rates and by changes in the amounts and composition of interest-earning assets and interest-bearing liabilities. Interest rate changes can create fluctuations in net interest income and/or margin due to an imbalance in the timing of repricing or maturity of assets or liabilities. We manage interest rate risk exposure with the goal of minimizing the effect of interest rate volatility on net interest income.
 
Net interest margin is expressed as net interest income divided by average interest-earning assets. Net interest rate spread is the difference between the average rate earned on total interest-earning assets and the average rate incurred on total interest-bearing liabilities. Both of these measures are reported on a taxable-equivalent basis. Net interest margin is the higher of the two because it reflects interest income earned on assets funded with non-interest-bearing sources of funds, which include demand deposits and stockholders’ equity.
 
The following table, Average Statements of Condition and Analysis of Net Interest Income, compares interest income, average interest-earning assets, interest expense, and average interest-bearing liabilities for the periods presented. The table also presents net interest income, net interest margin and net interest rate spread for the years indicated.
Table 1 Average Statements of Condition and Analysis of Net Interest Income
 Year ended Year ended Year ended Year ended Year ended Year ended
 December 31, 2016 December 31, 2015 December 31, 2014 December 31, 2017 December 31, 2016 December 31, 2015
  Interest   Interest   Interest   Interest   Interest   Interest 
 AverageIncome/Yield/ AverageIncome/Yield/ AverageIncome/Yield/ AverageIncome/Yield/ AverageIncome/Yield/ AverageIncome/Yield/
(dollars in thousands; unaudited)(dollars in thousands; unaudited)BalanceExpenseRate BalanceExpenseRate BalanceExpenseRate(dollars in thousands; unaudited)BalanceExpenseRate BalanceExpenseRate BalanceExpenseRate
AssetsAssets        Assets        
Interest-bearing due from banks 1
$38,314
$209
0.54% $52,004
$135
0.26% $63,150
$161
0.25%
Interest-bearing due from banks 1
$80,351
$995
1.22% $38,314
$209
0.54% $52,004
$135
0.26%
Investment securities 2, 3
406,640
8,671
2.13% 370,730
8,255
2.23% 341,787
8,385
2.45%
Investment securities 2, 3
419,873
9,732
2.32% 406,640
8,671
2.13% 370,730
8,255
2.23%
Loans 1, 3, 4
1,452,357
68,794
4.66% 1,354,564
62,953
4.58% 1,317,794
65,856
4.93%
Loans 1, 3, 4
1,511,503
68,562
4.47% 1,452,357
68,794
4.66% 1,354,564
62,953
4.58%
   Total interest-earning assets 1
1,897,311
77,674
4.03% 1,777,298
71,343
3.96% 1,722,731
74,402
4.26%
   Total interest-earning assets 1
2,011,727
79,289
3.89% 1,897,311
77,674
4.03% 1,777,298
71,343
3.96%
Cash and non-interest-bearing due from banks42,150
   44,543
   44,452
  Cash and non-interest-bearing due from banks42,511
   42,150
   44,543
  
Bank premises and equipment, net8,836
   9,705
   9,290
  Bank premises and equipment, net8,411
   8,836
   9,705
  
Interest receivable and other assets, net59,989
   58,201
   56,592
  Interest receivable and other assets, net63,301
   59,989
   58,201
  
Total assetsTotal assets$2,008,286
   $1,889,747
   $1,833,065
  Total assets$2,125,950
   $2,008,286
   $1,889,747
  
Liabilities and Stockholders' EquityLiabilities and Stockholders' Equity        Liabilities and Stockholders' Equity        
Interest-bearing transaction accounts$94,252
$109
0.12% $95,662
$115
0.12% $101,133
$99
0.10%Interest-bearing transaction accounts$105,544
$108
0.10% $94,252
$109
0.12% $95,662
$115
0.12%
Savings accounts151,214
58
0.04% 134,997
50
0.04% 125,169
46
0.04%Savings accounts167,190
66
0.04% 151,214
58
0.04% 134,997
50
0.04%
Money market accounts524,989
445
0.08% 505,280
495
0.10% 507,055
550
0.11%Money market accounts542,592
555
0.10% 524,989
445
0.08% 505,280
495
0.10%
Time accounts, including CDARS158,878
742
0.47% 156,316
853
0.55% 155,229
917
0.59%Time accounts, including CDARS146,069
576
0.39% 158,878
742
0.47% 156,316
853
0.55%
Overnight borrowings 1
5,383
23
0.42% 784
3
0.38% 4

%
Overnight borrowings 1
1

1.75% 5,383
23
0.42% 784
3
0.38%
FHLB fixed-rate advances 1
6,803
456
6.59% 15,000
315
2.07% 15,000
315
2.07%
FHLB fixed-rate advances 1


% 6,803
456
6.59% 15,000
315
2.07%
Subordinated debentures 1
5,493
436
7.80% 5,288
420
7.94% 5,070
422
8.36%
Subordinated debentures 1
5,664
439
7.65% 5,493
436
7.80% 5,288
420
7.94%
   Total interest-bearing liabilities947,012
2,269
0.24% 913,327
2,251
0.25% 908,660
2,349
0.26%   Total interest-bearing liabilities967,060
1,744
0.18% 947,012
2,269
0.24% 913,327
2,251
0.25%
Demand accounts819,916
   753,038
   717,738
  Demand accounts899,289
   819,916
   753,038
  
Interest payable and other liabilities15,142
   14,856
   14,934
  Interest payable and other liabilities13,506
   15,142
   14,856
  
Stockholders' equity226,216
   208,526
   191,733
  Stockholders' equity246,095
   226,216
   208,526
  
Total liabilities & stockholders' equityTotal liabilities & stockholders' equity$2,008,286
   $1,889,747
   $1,833,065
  Total liabilities & stockholders' equity$2,125,950
   $2,008,286
   $1,889,747
  
Tax-equivalent net interest income/margin 1
Tax-equivalent net interest income/margin 1
 $75,405
3.91%  $69,092
3.83%  $72,053
4.13%
Tax-equivalent net interest income/margin 1
 $77,545
3.80%  $75,405
3.91%  $69,092
3.83%
Reported net interest income/margin 1
Reported net interest income/margin 1
 $73,161
3.79%  $67,187
3.73%  $70,441
4.03%
Reported net interest income/margin 1
 $74,852
3.67%  $73,161
3.79%  $67,187
3.73%
Tax-equivalent net interest rate spreadTax-equivalent net interest rate spread 
3.79%  3.71%  4.00%Tax-equivalent net interest rate spread 
3.71%  3.79%  3.71%
1 Interest income/expense is divided by actual number of days in the period times 360 days to correspond to stated interest rate terms, where applicable.
1 Interest income/expense is divided by actual number of days in the period times 360 days to correspond to stated interest rate terms, where applicable.
1 Interest income/expense is divided by actual number of days in the period times 360 days to correspond to stated interest rate terms, where applicable.
2 Yields on available-for-sale securities are calculated based on amortized cost balances rather than fair value, as changes in fair value are reflected as a component of stockholders' equity. Investment security interest is earned on 30/360 day basis monthly.
2 Yields on available-for-sale securities are calculated based on amortized cost balances rather than fair value, as changes in fair value are reflected as a component of stockholders' equity. Investment security interest is earned on 30/360 day basis monthly.
2 Yields on available-for-sale securities are calculated based on amortized cost balances rather than fair value, as changes in fair value are reflected as a component of stockholders' equity. Investment security interest is earned on 30/360 day basis monthly.
3 Yields and interest income on tax-exempt securities and loans are presented on a taxable-equivalent basis using the Federal statutory rate of 35 percent.
3 Yields and interest income on tax-exempt securities and loans are presented on a taxable-equivalent basis using the Federal statutory rate of 35 percent.
3 Yields and interest income on tax-exempt securities and loans are presented on a taxable-equivalent basis using the Federal statutory rate of 35 percent.
4 Average balances on loans outstanding include non-performing loans. The amortized portion of net loan origination fees is included in interest income on loans, representing an adjustment to the yield.
4 Average balances on loans outstanding include non-performing loans. The amortized portion of net loan origination fees is included in interest income on loans, representing an adjustment to the yield.
4 Average balances on loans outstanding include non-performing loans. The amortized portion of net loan origination fees is included in interest income on loans, representing an adjustment to the yield.


Table 2     Analysis of Changes in Net Interest Income

The following table presents the effects of changes in average balances (volume) or changes in average rates on net interest income for the years indicated. Volume variances are equal to the increase or decrease in average balances multiplied by prior period rates. Rate variances are equal to the increase or decrease in rates multiplied by prior period average balances. Mix variances are attributable to the change in yields or rates multiplied by the change in average balances.
2016 compared to 20152015 compared to 20142017 compared to 20162016 compared to 2015
(in thousands, unaudited)Volume
Yield/Rate
Mix
Total
Volume
Yield/Rate
Mix
Total
Volume
Yield/Rate
Mix
Total
Volume
Yield/Rate
Mix
Total
Interest-bearing due from banks$(36)$149
$(39)$74
$(28)$3
$(1)$(26)$229
$266
$291
$786
$(36)$149
$(39)$74
Investment securities 1
800
(350)(34)416
710
(774)(66)(130)282
754
25
1,061
800
(350)(34)416
Loans 1
4,545
1,209
87
5,841
1,838
(4,612)(129)(2,903)2,802
(2,915)(119)(232)4,545
1,209
87
5,841
Total interest-earning assets5,309
1,008
14
6,331
2,520
(5,383)(196)(3,059)3,313
(1,895)197
1,615
5,309
1,008
14
6,331
Interest-bearing transaction accounts(2)(4)
(6)(5)23
(1)17
13
(13)(1)(1)(2)(4)
(6)
Savings accounts6
2

8
4


4
6
2

8
6
2

8
Money market accounts19
(67)(3)(51)(2)(53)
(55)15
91
4
110
19
(67)(3)(51)
Time accounts, including CDARS14
(123)(2)(111)6
(70)
(64)(60)(115)9
(166)14
(123)(2)(111)
FHLB borrowings and overnight borrowings(155)690
(374)161


3
3
(479)

(479)(155)690
(374)161
Subordinated debentures17


17
18
(20)(1)(3)14
(10)(1)3
17


17
Total interest-bearing liabilities(101)498
(379)18
21
(120)1
(98)(491)(45)11
(525)(101)498
(379)18
$5,410
$510
$393
$6,313
$2,499
$(5,263)$(197)$(2,961)$3,804
$(1,850)$186
$2,140
$5,410
$510
$393
$6,313
1 Yields and interest income on tax-exempt securities and loans are presented on a taxable-equivalent basis using the federal statutory rate of 35%.
1 Yields and interest income on tax-exempt securities and loans are presented on a taxable-equivalent basis using the federal statutory rate of 35%.
1 Yields and interest income on tax-exempt securities and loans are presented on a taxable-equivalent basis using the federal statutory rate of 35%.

2017 Compared with 2016
Net interest income totaled $74.9 million and $73.2 million in 2017 and 2016, respectively. The increase of $1.7 million in 2017 is primarily due to an increase in earning assets of $114.4 million, partially offset by a decrease in gains on payoffs and accretion on purchased loans, and a $1.4 million interest recovery in 2016. The tax-equivalent net interest margin was 3.80% in 2017, compared to 3.91% in 2016.  The decrease of eleven basis points was primarily due to a $1.4 million interest recovery upon payoff of a problem credit in 2016. Other factors that affected the net interest margin during 2017 included a decline in gains on payoffs and accretion on purchased loans and a shift in the mix of earning assets. These factors were partially offset by higher average yields on investment securities and cash in 2017, and prepayment fees of $312 thousand on FHLB borrowings in 2016. The net interest spread decreased eight basis points over the same period for the same reasons.

The yield on average interest-earning assets decreased fourteen basis points in 2017 compared to 2016 for the reasons listed above. The loan portfolio as a percentage of average interest-earning assets, decreased to 75.1% in 2017, from 76.6% in 2016. Cash was 4.0% and 2.0% of average interest-earning assets in 2017 and 2016, respectively. Total average interest-earning assets increased $114.4 million, or 6.0%, in 2017 compared to 2016.

2016 Compared with 2015
 
The tax-equivalent net interest margin was 3.91% in 2016, compared to 3.83% in 2015.  The increase of eight basis points was primarily due to a $1.4 million interest recovery upon payoff of a problem credit.credit in 2016. Other factors that affected the net interest margin during 2016 included greater gains on payoffs and accretion on purchased loans and a shift to higher yielding earning assets, partially offset by lower average rates on loans and investment securities and prepayment fees of $312 thousand on FHLB borrowings. The net interest spread increased eight basis points over the same period for the same reasons.

The yield on average interest-earning assets increased seven basis points in 2016 compared to 2015 for the reasons listed above. The loan portfolio as a percentage of average interest-earning assets, increased to 76.6% in 2016, from 76.2% in 2015. The investment securities were 21.4% and 20.9% of average interest-earning assets in 2016 and 2015, respectively. Total average interest-earning assets increased $120.0 million, or 6.8%, in 2016 compared to 2015.

2015 Compared with 2014
The tax-equivalent net interest margin was 3.83% in 2015, compared to 4.13% in 2014.  The decrease of thirty basis points was primarily due to a lower yield on interest-earning assets, mainly relating to a decrease in accretion and gains on payoffs of acquired loans, new loans and investment securities yielding lower rates and downward repricing on renewed loans. The net interest spread decreased twenty nine basis points over the same period for the same reasons.

The yield on average interest-earning assets decreased thirty basis points in 2015 compared to 2014 for the reasons listed above. The loan portfolio as a percentage of average interest-earning assets, decreased to 76.2% in 2015, from 76.5% in 2014. Investment securities were 20.9% and 19.8% of average interest-earning assets in 2015 and 2014, respectively. Total average interest-earning assets increased $54.6 million, or 3.2%, in 2015 compared to 2014.



Market Interest Rates

Market interest rates are, in part, based on the target federal funds interest rate (the interest rate banks charge each other for short-term borrowings) regulatedimplemented by the Federal Reserve Open Market Committee ("FOMC"). In December 2015 and December 2016,Actions by the FOMC raisedto increase the target federal funds rate by 25 basis points to a range of 0.25% to 0.50%in December 2015, December 2016, March 2017, June 2017 and 0.50% to 0.75%, respectively.December 2017, have positively impacted yields on our rate sensitive interest-earning assets. The increase in 2016June 2017, to the current target range for the federal funds rate of 1.25% to 1.50%, was only the secondfifth rate hike since 2008. The prolonged low interest rate environment has negatively affected our net interest margin and yields on our earning assets and resulted in significant net interest margin compression over the last several years. Our net interest margin may compress due to repricing on loans and securities if the prevailing marketIf interest rates do not increase. If interest ratescontinue to rise, we anticipate that our net interest income will increase. While short-term interest rates have risen and improved the Bank’s yields on prime-rate adjustable assets, there has been little movement in longer-term rates that influence competitive pricing for fixed-rate lending activities.

Impact of Acquired Loans on Net Interest Margin

Early payoffs or prepayments of our acquired loans with significant unamortized purchase discount/premium could result in volatility in our net interest margin. Accretions and gains on payoffs of purchased loans are recorded in interest income. The loans acquired from Bank of Napa are not expected to significantly increase the accretion of purchased loans. As our acquired loans from prior acquisitions continue to pay off, we expect accretion income from these loans to continue to decline. The positive affect on our net interest margin during the past three years was as follows:

Years ended December 31,Years ended December 31,
2016 2015 20142017 2016 2015
(dollars in thousands; unaudited)Dollar AmountBasis point affect on net interest margin Dollar AmountBasis point affect on net interest margin Dollar AmountBasis point affect on net interest marginDollar AmountBasis point affect on net interest margin Dollar AmountBasis point affect on net interest margin Dollar AmountBasis point affect on net interest margin
Accretion on PCI loans$364
2 bps $495
3 bps $614
4 bps
Accretion on purchased credit impaired ("PCI") loans$331
2 bps $364
2 bps $495
3 bps
Accretion on non-PCI loans$1,411
7 bps $1,389
8 bps $3,292
19 bps$571
3 bps $1,411
7 bps $1,389
8 bps
Gains on payoffs of PCI loans$1,027
5 bps $44
0 bps $622
4 bps$184
1 bps $1,027
5 bps $44
0 bps

Critical Accounting Policies and Estimates

Critical accounting policies are those that are both very important to the portrayal of our financial condition and results of operations and require Management's most difficult, subjective, or complex judgments, often as a result of the need to make estimates about the effect of matters that are inherently uncertain and imprecise.

Management has determined the following four accounting policies to be critical:

Allowance for Loan Losses: For information regarding our ALLL methodology, the related provision for loan losses, risks related to asset quality and lending activity, see Item 1A - Risk Factors, Item 7 - Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations, and Note 1 - Summary of Significant Accounting Policies and Note 3 - Loans and Allowance for Loan Losses in Item 8 - Financial Statements and Supplementary Data of this Form 10-K.

Other-than-temporary Impairment of Investment Securities: For information regarding our investment securities, investment activity, and related risks, see Item 1A - Risk Factors, Item 7 - Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations, Note 1 - Summary of Significant Accounting Policies and Note 2 - Investment Securities in Item 8 - Financial Statements and Supplementary Data of this Form 10-K.

Accounting for Income Taxes: For information on our tax assets and liabilities, and related provision for income taxes, see Note 1 - Summary of Significant Accounting Policies and Note 11 - Income Taxes in Item 8 - Financial Statements and Supplementary Data of this Form 10-K.

Fair Value Measurements: For information on our use of fair value measurements and our related valuation methodologies, see Note 1 - Summary of Significant Accounting Policies and Note 9 - Fair Value of Assets and Liabilities in Item 8 - Financial Statements and Supplementary Data of this Form 10-K.



Provision for Loan Losses
 
Management assesses the adequacy of the allowance for loan losses on a quarterly basis based on several factors including growth of the loan portfolio, analysis of probable losses in the portfolio, historical loss experience and the current economic climate.  Actual losses on loans are charged against the allowance, and the allowance is increased by loss recoveries and provisions for loan losses charged to expense.  For further discussion, see Note 1 to the Consolidated Financial Statements in ItemITEM 8 of this report.

A $1.9 million reversal of theWe recorded a $500 thousand provision for loan losses was recordedin 2017, consistent with our organic loan growth and changing risk factors, compared to a reversal of loan losses of $1.9 million in 2016 primarily relateddue to a $2.6 million recoverythe resolution and payoff of a problem commercial real estate credit and an improvement in credit quality of the portfolio. Provisioncredit. The provision for loan losses totaled $500 thousand in 2015 and $750 thousand in 2014.2015. The allowance for loan losses totaledwas 0.94%, 1.04%, and 1.03% and 1.11% of loans at December 31, 2017, 2016 and 2015, respectively. The decline in ratio compared to the prior year was primarily due to loans acquired from Bank of Napa in November 2017 that were recorded at fair value upon acquisition requiring no allowance as of December 31, 2017. The allowance for loan losses, excluding acquired loans, was 1.06%, 1.10% and 2014,1.12% of loans at December 31, 2017, 2016 and 2015, respectively. Net charge-offs totaled $175 thousand in 2017, compared to net recoveries of $2.3 million in 2016, primarily related to the resolution of athe problem commercial real estate credit (discussed previously), compared to netcredit. Net charge-offs oftotaled $600 thousand in the prior year2015, primarily relating to a land development loan sold in 2015. Net recoveries totaled $125 thousand in 2014. See the section captioned “Allowance for Loan Losses” below for further analysis of the provision for loan losses.



Non-interest Income
 
The table below details the components of non-interest income.
Table 3 Components of Non-Interest Income
Years ended2016 compared to 2015 2015 compared to 2014Years ended2017 compared to 2016 2016 compared to 2015
December 31,AmountPercent AmountPercentDecember 31,AmountPercent AmountPercent
(dollars in thousands; unaudited)2016
2015
2014
Increase (Decrease)Increase (Decrease) Increase (Decrease)Increase (Decrease)2017
2016
2015
Increase (Decrease)Increase (Decrease) Increase (Decrease)Increase (Decrease)
Service charges on deposit accounts$1,789
$1,979
$2,167
$(190)(9.6)% $(188)(8.7)%$1,784
$1,789
$1,979
$(5)(0.3)% $(190)(9.6)%
Wealth Management and Trust Services2,090
2,391
2,309
(301)(12.6)% 82
3.6 %2,090
2,090
2,391

 % (301)(12.6)%
Debit card interchange fees1,503
1,445
1,378
58
4.0 % 67
4.9 %1,531
1,503
1,445
28
1.9 % 58
4.0 %
Merchant interchange fees449
545
803
(96)(17.6)% (258)(32.1)%398
449
545
(51)(11.4)% (96)(17.6)%
Earnings on bank-owned life insurance844
814
841
30
3.7 % (27)(3.2)%845
844
814
1
0.1 % 30
3.7 %
Dividends on FHLB stock1,153
1,003
563
150
15.0 % 440
78.2 %766
1,153
1,003
(387)(33.6)% 150
15.0 %
Gains on investment securities, net425
79
80
346
438.0 % (1)(1.3)%(185)425
79
(610)(143.5)% 346
438.0 %
Other income908
937
900
(29)(3.1)% 37
4.1 %1,039
908
937
131
14.4 % (29)(3.1)%
Total non-interest income$9,161
$9,193
$9,041
$(32)(0.3)% $152
1.7 %$8,268
$9,161
$9,193
$(893)(9.7)% $(32)(0.3)%

2017 Compared with 2016

Non-interest income totaled $8.3 million and $9.2 million in 2017 and 2016, respectively. The decrease compared to the prior year primarily relates to a special FHLB dividend of $347 thousand and $425 thousand net gains on the sale of investment securities recorded in 2016. Additionally, merchant interchange fees continue to trend down as we transitioned our merchant customers to a new service provider with different contract arrangements in 2016 and 2017.

2016 Compared with 2015

Non-interest income totaled $9.2 million in both 2016 and 2015, respectively. Non-interest income in 2016 included higher gains on the sale of investment securities, and higher dividends on FHLB stock as we purchased $1.8 million in capital stock due to an increase in the total asset base used to calculate our membership stock requirement, and received a $347 thousand special dividend, compared to a $305 thousand special dividend in 2015. These increases were offset by lower service charges on business analysis accounts due to higher average deposit balances and lower wealth management and trust related fees due to the settlement of several large estates in 2015 and early 2016. Additionally, merchant interchange fees continue to trend down as we transition our merchant customers to a new service provider with different contract arrangements.

2015 Compared with 2014

Non-interest income totaled $9.2 million and $9.0 million in 2015 and 2014, respectively. The increase compared to the prior year primarily relates to the increase in dividends on FHLB stock, due to a $305 thousand special dividend from the FHLB and higher annualized dividend rates in 2015. The increase was partially offset by lower merchant interchange fees due to decreased transaction volume and lower service charges on deposit accounts compared to 2014.



Non-interest Expense

The table below details the components of non-interest expense.
Table 4 Components of Non-Interest Expense
Years ended2016 compared to 20152015 compared to 2014Years ended2017 compared to 20162016 compared to 2015
December 31,AmountPercentAmountPercentDecember 31,AmountPercentAmountPercent
(dollars in thousands; unaudited)2016
2015
2014
Increase (Decrease)Increase (Decrease)Increase (Decrease)Increase (Decrease)2017
2016
2015
Increase (Decrease)Increase (Decrease)Increase (Decrease)Increase (Decrease)
Salaries and related benefits$26,663
$25,764
$25,005
$899
3.5 %$759
3.0 %$29,958
$26,663
$25,764
$3,295
12.4 %$899
3.5 %
Occupancy and equipment5,081
5,498
5,470
(417)(7.6)%28
0.5 %5,472
5,081
5,498
391
7.7 %(417)(7.6)%
Depreciation and amortization1,822
1,968
1,585
(146)(7.4)%383
24.2 %1,941
1,822
1,968
119
6.5 %(146)(7.4)%
FDIC insurance825
997
1,032
(172)(17.3)%(35)(3.4)%666
825
997
(159)(19.3)%(172)(17.3)%
Data processing3,625
3,318
3,665
307
9.3 %(347)(9.5)%4,906
3,625
3,318
1,281
35.3 %307
9.3 %
Professional services2,044
2,121
2,230
(77)(3.6)%(109)(4.9)%2,858
2,044
2,121
814
39.8 %(77)(3.6)%
Directors' expense553
826
628
(273)(33.1)%198
31.5 %720
553
826
167
30.2 %(273)(33.1)%
Information technology862
736
675
126
17.1 %61
9.0 %769
862
736
(93)(10.8)%126
17.1 %
Provision for (reversal of) losses on off-balance sheet commitments150
(263)334
413
(157.0)%(597)(178.7)%57
150
(263)(93)(62.0)%413
(157.0)%
Other non-interest expense:        
Advertising565
334
400
231
69.2 %(66)(16.5)%567
565
334
2
0.4 %231
69.2 %
Amortization of core deposit intangible533
619
771
(86)(13.9)%(152)(19.7)%528
533
619
(5)(0.9)%(86)(13.9)%
Other expense4,969
5,031
5,468
(62)(1.2)%(437)(8.0)%5,340
4,969
5,031
371
7.5 %(62)(1.2)%
Total other non-interest expense6,067
5,984
6,639
83
1.4 %(655)(9.9)%6,435
6,067
5,984
368
6.1 %83
1.4 %
Total non-interest expense$47,692
$46,949
$47,263
$743
1.6 %$(314)(0.7)%$53,782
$47,692
$46,949
$6,090
12.8 %$743
1.6 %

2017 Compared with 2016

In 2017, non-interest expense increased by $6.1 million to $53.8 million. The increase primarily relates to higher salaries and benefits due to additional full-time equivalent personnel, annual merit increases, and higher employee insurance. The number of average FTE employees totaled 269 in 2017 and 258 in 2016. The increase also relates to $2.2 million in acquisition expenses ($1.1 million in data processing, $952 thousand in professional services, $35 thousand in personnel severance and $114 thousand in other expense), as well as higher occupancy and equipment expenses related to rent increases, new branches and higher maintenance costs.

These increases were partially offset by lower FDIC assessments due to lower assessment rates. For additional information on the acquisition related expenses, see Note 18 to the Consolidated Financial Statements in ITEM 8 of this report.

2016 Compared with 2015

Non-interestIn 2016, non-interest expense increased by $743 thousand to $47.7 million in 2016.million. The increase primarily relates to higher salaries and benefits due to annual merit increases, higher employee insurance and stock-based compensation expense, partially offset by the effect of job vacancies during the year. The number of average FTE employees totaled 258 in 2016 and 260 in 2015. The increase also relates to a higher reserve for losses on off-balance sheet commitments, as unused commitments increased in 2016, and 2015 included a one-time adjustment (reversal) related to a refinement in methodology (see discussion below). Data processing costs also increased due to higher transaction volume and the addition of new products and services.

These increases were partially offset by a decrease in occupancy and equipment expenses from cost savings related to the relocation of offices in 2016 and lease accounting adjustments recorded in 2015, lower director expense resulting from fewer board members, as well as lower FDIC assessment expense due to lower assessment rates.

2015 Compared with 2014

Non-interest expense decreased by $314 thousand to $46.9 million in 2015. The decrease primarily relates to the reversal of provision for losses on off-balance sheet commitments that was mainly due to a refinement in methodology used in the calculation of the loss reserve on these commitments by incorporating rolling four-quarter and average commitment usage, as well as eliminating outlier data for small commitment categories. Management believes this refined method reflects a better estimate of its credit exposure for unused loan commitments. The decrease also includes a decline in data processing expenses from bank acquisition-related expenses totaling $442 thousand in the first quarter of 2014 related to the system conversion.

The decrease in non-interest expense was partially offset by higher salaries and related benefits mainly due to higher employee benefits and lower deferred loan origination costs (partially off-set by lower salaries, commissions and associated payroll taxes in 2015 mainly related to the absence of acquisition-related personnel costs). The number of average FTE employees totaled 260 in 2015and 266 in 2014. Depreciation and amortization expense also increased primarily due to non-recurring accounting adjustments in 2015.



Provision for Income Taxes

The provision for income taxes totaled $12.9 million at an effective tax rate of 44.6% in 2017, compared to $13.3 million at an effective tax rate of 36.6% in 2016, compared to and $10.5 million at an effective tax rate of 36.3% in 2015 and $11.7 million at an effective tax rate of 37.2% in 2014. The increase in both the2017 provision for income taxes included a $3.0 million write-down of net deferred tax assets related to the enactment of the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act of 2017 on December 22, 2017, which reduced the federal corporate income tax rate to 21% at which the temporary difference of tax items are expected to reverse in the future. The deferred tax write-down in 2017 raised the effective tax rate fromby 10.5%. We incurred non-deductible acquisition related expenses in 2017, which also increased our effective tax rate by 0.8% compared to the prior year is primarily due to the higher amount of pre-tax income with the effect of diluting theyear. Additionally, discrete tax benefits from tax-exempt earnings. Thesethe exercise of stock options and vesting of restricted stock increased in 2017 as a result of the adoption of FASB Accounting Standards Codification ("ASU") No. 2016-09, Compensation - Stock Compensation (Topic 718): Improvements to Employee Share-Based Payment Accounting ("ASU 2016-09"), as discussed in Note 1 to the Consolidated Financial Statements in ITEM 8 of this report. Income tax provisions reflect accruals for taxes at the applicable rates for federal income tax and California franchise tax based upon reported pre-tax income, and adjusted for the effects of all permanent differences between income for tax and financial reporting purposes (such as earnings on qualifiedtax exempt loans and municipal securities, bank owned life insurance ("BOLI") and certain tax-exempt loans)low income housing credits). Therefore, there areAdditional fluctuations in the effective rate from period to period based onare due to the relationship of net permanent differences to income before tax.

Additionally, effective tax rates reflect the adoption of the amended FASB Accounting Standards Codification ("ASC") Topic 323-740 Investments—Equity Method and Joint Ventures—Income Taxes, beginning in 2014. In accordance with the proportional amortization methodology in accounting for low income tax credit investments, the tax credit investment amortization expense is presented as a component of provision for income taxes, as discussed in Note 2 to the Consolidated Financial Statements in Item 8 of this report.

We file a consolidated return in the U.S. Federal tax jurisdiction and a combined return in the State of California tax jurisdiction. There were no ongoing federal or state income tax examinations at the issuance of this report. In June 2015, the State of California completed its examination of the 2011 and 2012 corporate income tax returns, resulting in a minor adjustment. At December 31, 20162017 and 2015,2016, neither the Bank nor Bancorp had accruals for interest andor penalties related to unrecognized tax benefits.

The Tax Cuts and Jobs Act of 2017 includes numerous uncertainties, which will likely require the issuance of new regulations or other interpretive guidance for clarification. Although we believe our assumptions, judgments and estimates are reasonable, changes in tax laws and their interpretation could significantly impactaffect the amounts provided for income taxes in our consolidated financial statements. In general, aWe estimate that the reduction in the federal statutory tax rate wouldfor corporations like us effective January 1, 2018 from 35% to 21% will reduce our effective tax rate for 2018 to approximately 24%. However, there can be a benefitno assurance as to the actual amount because the provision for income taxes is dependent upon the nature and amount of future income and expenses as well as transactions with discrete tax effects such as the exercise of stock options. The Tax Cuts and Jobs Act of 2017 has provisions that will have an unfavorable impact to our future ongoing net income. However, upontax expenses, including but not limited to 1) elimination or reductions to the yeardeductibility of tax rate reduction, there would becertain meals, entertainment, parking and transportation expenses, 2) elimination of the exception for performance-based executive compensation resulting in our inability to deduct executive compensation exceeding $1.0 million, and 3) clarification of the definition of a one-time write down to our deferred tax assets.covered employee for excessive employee compensation purposes.

FINANCIAL CONDITION

The balance sheet declined $7.6Our assets increased $445 million betweenfrom December 31, 2015 and2016 to December 31, 2016.2017. Increases of $44.5$376 million in deposits and $35.4$192 million in loans were more than offsetreflected both organic growth and the acquisition of Bank of Napa. The influx of deposits also raised our cash level by the sale of investment securities and repayment of $67.0 million in FHLB borrowings.

A comparison of average balances between 2015 and 2016 shows healthy trends in loan and deposit growth of $97.8 million and $104.0 million, respectively.$155 million.

Investment Securities

We maintain an investment securities portfolio to provide liquidity and to generate earnings on funds that have not been loaned to customers. Management determines the maturities and types of securities to be purchased based on liquidity, the interest rate risk position, and the desire to attain a reasonable investment yield balanced with risk exposure. Table 5 shows the composition of the debt securities portfolio by expected maturity at December 31, 20162017 and 2015.2016. Expected maturities differ from contractual maturities because the issuers of the securities may have the right to call or prepay obligations with or without call or prepayment penalties. We estimate and update expected maturity dates regularly based on current and historical prepayment speeds. The weighted average maturitylife of the investment portfolio at December 31, 20162017 and 20152016 was approximately five years and four years.years, respectively.



Table 5 Investment Securities
December 31, 2017Within 1 Year 1-5 Years 5-10 Years After 10 Years Total
(dollars in thousands; unaudited)
AmortizedCost1

Average Yield2

 
AmortizedCost1

Average Yield2

 
AmortizedCost1

Average Yield2

 
AmortizedCost1

Average Yield2

 
AmortizedCost1

Fair Value
Average Yield2

Held-to-maturity:              
State and municipal3
$7,606
4.64% $11,293
4.02% $747
5.18% $
% $19,646
$19,998
4.31%
MBS/CMOs issued by U.S. government agencies

 26,245
2.18
 101,291
2.26
 3,850
2.64
 131,386
131,034
2.26
Total held-to-maturity7,606
4.64
 37,538
2.74
 102,038
2.28
 3,850
2.64
 151,032
151,032
2.52
              
Available-for-sale:              
MBS/CMOs issued by U.S. government agencies800
1.81
 118,125
2.19
 45,739
2.54
 24,702
2.75
 189,366
188,061
2.34
SBA backed securities167
5.23
 1,759
2.12
 22,554
2.57
 1,499
3.09
 25,979
25,982
2.59
State and municipal3
7,192
1.84
 51,832
2.09
 36,984
2.39
 2,019
4.53
 98,027
97,491
2.24
Debentures of government sponsored agencies1,495
1.55
 11,445
2.06
 

 

 12,940
12,938
2.00
Privately issued CMOs121
3.35
 1,311
2.53
 

 

 1,432
1,431
2.60
Corporate bonds4,531
1.94
 2,010
2.88
 

 

 6,541
6,564
2.23
Total available-for-sale14,306
1.89
 186,482
2.16
 105,277
2.50
 28,220
2.90
 334,285
332,467
2.32
Total$21,912
2.84% $224,020
2.26% $207,315
2.39% $32,070
2.87% $485,317
$483,499
2.38%
              
December 31, 2016Within 1 Year 1-5 Years 5-10 Years After 10 Years TotalWithin 1 Year 1-5 Years 5-10 Years After 10 Years Total
(dollars in thousands; unaudited)
AmortizedCost1

Average Yield2

 
AmortizedCost1

Average Yield2

 
AmortizedCost1

Average Yield2

 
AmortizedCost1

Average Yield2

 
AmortizedCost1

Fair Value
Average Yield2

AmortizedCost1

Average Yield2

 
AmortizedCost1

Average Yield2

 
AmortizedCost1

Average Yield2

 
AmortizedCost1

Average Yield2

 
AmortizedCost1

Fair Value
Average Yield2

Held-to-maturity:                            
State and municipal$9,954
3.18% $18,925
5.33% $1,977
6.85% $
% $30,856
$31,544
4.73%
State and municipal3
$9,954
3.18% $18,925
5.33% $1,977
6.85% $
% $30,856
$31,544
4.73%
Corporate bonds3,519
1.07
 

 

 

 3,519
3,518
1.07
3,519
1.07
 

 

 

 3,519
3,518
1.07
MBS/CMOs issued by U.S. government agencies

 4,051
3.50
 6,012
3.32
 

 10,063
10,035
3.39


 4,051
3.50
 6,012
3.32
 

 10,063
10,035
3.39
Total held-to-maturity13,473
2.63
 22,976
5.01
 7,989
4.19
 

 44,438
45,097
4.14
13,473
2.63
 22,976
5.01
 7,989
4.19
 

 44,438
45,097
4.14
                            
Available-for-sale:              Available-for-sale:             
MBS/CMOs issued by U.S. government agencies11,609
1.65
 143,216
2.05
 103,260
1.92
 

 258,085
254,041
1.98
11,609
1.65
 142,602
2.03
 103,260
1.92
 

 257,471
253,434
1.97
State and municipal4,027
1.93
 31,929
2.35
 41,980
3.07
 1,369
5.46
 79,305
77,701
2.76
SBA backed securities

 614
5.21
 

 

 614
607
5.21
State and municipal3
4,027
1.93
 31,929
2.35
 41,980
3.07
 1,369
5.46
 79,305
77,701
2.76
Debentures of government sponsored agencies5,000
1.00
 30,486
1.13
 

 

 35,486
35,403
1.11
5,000
1.00
 30,486
1.13
 

 

 35,486
35,403
1.11
Privately issued CMOs265
1.62
 154
3.01
 

 

 419
419
2.13
265
1.62
 154
3.01
 

 

 419
419
2.13
Corporate bonds

 3,965
1.97
 994
1.99
 

 4,959
5,016
1.97


 3,965
1.97
 994
1.99
 

 4,959
5,016
1.97
Total available-for-sale20,901
1.55
 209,750
1.97
 146,234
2.25
 1,369
2.31
 378,254
372,580
2.06
20,901
1.55
 209,750
1.96
 146,234
2.25
 1,369
5.46
 378,254
372,580
2.06
Total$34,374
1.97% $232,726
2.28% $154,223
2.35% $1,369
2.31% $422,692
$417,677
2.28%$34,374
1.97% $232,726
2.26% $154,223
2.35% $1,369
5.46% $422,692
$417,677
2.28%
              
December 31, 2015Within 1 Year 1-5 Years 5-10 Years After 10 Years Total
(dollars in thousands; unaudited)
AmortizedCost1

Average Yield2

 
AmortizedCost1

Average Yield2

 
AmortizedCost1

Average Yield2

 
AmortizedCost1

Average Yield2

 
AmortizedCost1

Fair Value
Average Yield2

Held-to-maturity:              
State and municipal$7,795
2.82% $28,966
4.42% $6,158
6.40% $
% $42,919
$44,146
4.41%
Corporate bonds11,534
2.16
 3,538
1.07
 

 

 15,072
15,098
1.90
MBS/CMOs issued by U.S. government agencies

 2,240
4.65
 9,406
1.80
 

 11,646
11,810
2.35
Total held-to-maturity19,329
2.43
 34,744
4.09
 15,564
3.62
 

 69,637
71,054
3.52
              
Available-for-sale:             
MBS/CMOs issued by U.S. government agencies4,262
2.93
 157,982
2.04
 27,459
2.41
 

 189,703
190,093
2.11
State and municipal4,673
2.24
 32,406
2.25
 17,755
3.58
 2,276
4.84
 57,110
57,673
2.77
Debentures of government sponsored agencies19,107
1.00
 142,583
1.36
 

 

 161,690
160,892
1.32
Privately issued CMOs

 980
1.30
 2,980
2.20
 

 3,960
4,150
1.98
Corporate bonds

 3,954
1.40
 993
1.43
 

 4,947
4,979
1.41
Total available-for-sale28,042
1.50
 337,905
1.76
 49,187
2.80
 2,276
4.84
 417,410
417,787
1.88
Total$47,371
1.88% $372,649
1.98% $64,751
3.00% $2,276
4.84% $487,047
$488,841
2.12%
1 Book value reflects cost, adjusted for accumulated amortization and accretion.
2 Weighted average yields on tax-exempt basis and weighted average calculation is based on amortized cost of securities.
3 Yields on tax-exempt municipal bonds are presented on a taxable equivalent basis, using federal tax rate of 21% for 2017 data and 35% for
2016 data.

The amortized cost of our investment securities portfolio decreased $64.4increased $62.6 million or 13.2%14.8% during 2016. $163.82017. We purchased $123.2 million in securities were purchased in 2016. $2.42017, including $4.5 million of the purchased securities were designated as held-to-maturity and $161.4$118.7 million were designated as available-for-sale to provide flexibility for liquidity and interest rate risk management. In addition, we acquired $75.5 million of investment securities from the Bank of Napa acquisition. These purchases were partially offset by $155.4$74.9 million of paydowns, calls and maturities, and $69.5$56 million of sales during 20162017. Sales of securities were mainly due to repay $67.0 million of FHLB borrowings.changes in credit and tax law implications.

During 2016,2017, we purchased $5.0$10 million in agency debentures issued by FNMA, $103.3FHLMC, $4.5 million in mortgage pass-through securities, $28.0 million in municipal securities, and $27.5$88 million in collateralized mortgage obligations ("CMOs"), and $20.7 million in Small Business Administration backed securities ("SBAs"). We consider agency debentures, mortgage-backed securities, and CMOs issued by U.S. government sponsored entities to have low credit risk as they carry the credit support of the U.S. federal government. We also invest in municipalities with sound credit fundamentals. The debentures and MBS issued by the U.S. government sponsored agencies, state and municipal


securities, SBAs and corporate bonds, made up 71.8%68.8%, 26.1%24.2%, 5.4% and 2.0%1.4% of the portfolio at December 31, 2016,2017, compared to 74.5%71.7%, 20.5%26.1%, 0.2% and 4.1%2.0%, respectively at December 31, 2015.2016. See the discussion in the section captioned “Securities May Lose Value due to Credit Quality of the Issuers” in ItemITEM 1A Risk Factors above.



Any investment securities in our portfolio that may be backed by sub-prime or Alt-A mortgages, which account for approximately 0.1% of our total securities portfolio, relate to privately issued CMOs. See Note 2 to the Consolidated Financial Statements in Item 8, for more information on investment securities.

At December 31, 2016,2017, distribution of our investment in obligations of state and political subdivisions was as follows:
December 31, 2016December 31, 2015December 31, 2017December 31, 2016
(dollars in thousands; unaudited)Amortized Cost
Fair Value
% of
state and municipal securities

Amortized Cost
Fair Value
% of
state and municipal securities

Amortized Cost
Fair Value
% of
state and municipal securities

Amortized Cost
Fair Value
% of
state and municipal securities

Within California:        
General obligation bonds$15,777
$15,660
14.3%$18,642
$18,830
18.6%$19,634
$19,678
16.7%$15,777
$15,660
14.3%
Revenue bonds10,895
11,127
9.9
15,453
15,767
15.5
11,660
11,776
9.9
10,895
11,127
9.9
Tax allocation bonds4,043
4,178
3.7
5,411
5,603
5.4
6,099
6,234
5.2
4,043
4,178
3.7
Total within California30,715
30,965
27.9
39,506
40,200
39.5
37,393
37,688
31.8
30,715
30,965
27.9
Outside California:        
General obligation bonds71,534
70,376
64.9
51,920
52,990
51.9
68,890
68,454
58.5
71,534
70,376
64.9
Revenue bonds7,913
7,904
7.2
8,603
8,629
8.6
11,390
11,346
9.7
7,913
7,904
7.2
Total outside California79,447
78,280
72.1
60,523
61,619
60.5
80,280
79,800
68.2
79,447
78,280
72.1
Total obligations of state and political subdivisions$110,162
$109,245
100.0%$100,029
$101,819
100.0%$117,673
$117,488
100.0%$110,162
$109,245
100.0%

The portion of the portfolio outside the state of California is distributed among 2028 states. The largest concentrations outside California are in Washington (11.9%(12.1%), Minnesota (11.8%Texas (11.4%), and Texas (11.4%Minnesota (7.7%). Revenue bonds, both within and outside California, primarily consisted of bonds relating to essential services (such as roads,transportation, infrastructure, public transportationservices, education and utilities).

Investments in states, municipalities and political subdivisions are subject to an initial pre-purchase credit assessment and ongoing monitoring. Key considerations include:

The soundness of a municipality’s budgetary position and stability of its tax revenues
Debt profile and level of unfunded liabilities, diversity of revenue sources, taxing authority of the issuer
Local demographics/economics including unemployment data, largest local taxpayers and employers, income indices and home values
For revenue bonds, the source and strength of revenue for municipal authorities including obligors' financial condition and reserve levels, annual debt service and debt coverage ratio, and credit enhancement (such as insurer’s strength)
Credit ratings by major credit rating agencies.
    



Loans

Table 6 Loans Outstanding by Type at December 31
(in thousands; unaudited)2016
2015
2014
2013
2012
2017
2016
2015
2014
2013
Commercial loans$218,615
$219,452
$210,223
$183,291
$176,431
$235,835
$218,615
$219,452
$210,223
$183,291
Real estate  
Commercial owner-occupied247,713
242,309
230,605
241,113
196,406
300,963
247,713
242,309
230,605
241,113
Commercial investor724,228
715,879
673,499
625,019
509,006
822,984
724,228
715,879
673,499
625,019
Construction74,809
65,495
48,413
31,577
30,665
63,828
74,809
65,495
48,413
31,577
Home equity117,207
112,300
110,788
98,469
93,237
132,467
117,207
112,300
110,788
98,469
Other residential 1
78,549
73,154
73,035
72,634
49,432
95,526
78,549
73,134
73,035
72,634
Installment and other consumer loans25,495
22,639
16,788
17,219
18,775
27,410
25,495
22,639
16,788
17,219
Total loans1,486,616
1,451,228
1,363,351
1,269,322
1,073,952
1,679,013
1,486,616
1,451,208
1,363,351
1,269,322
Allowance for loan losses(15,442)(14,999)(15,099)(14,224)(13,661)(15,767)(15,442)(14,999)(15,099)(14,224)
Total net loans$1,471,174
$1,436,229
$1,348,252
$1,255,098
$1,060,291
$1,663,246
$1,471,174
$1,436,209
$1,348,252
$1,255,098
1 Our residential loan portfolio includes no sub-prime loans, nor is it our normal practice to underwrite loans commonly referred to as "Alt-A mortgages", the characteristics of which are loans lacking full documentation, borrowers having low FICO scores or collateral compositions reflecting high loan-to-value ratios. Substantially all of our residential loans are indexed to Treasury Constant Maturity Rates and have provisions to reset five years after their origination dates.
1 Our residential loan portfolio includes no sub-prime loans, nor is it our normal practice to underwrite loans commonly referred to as "Alt-A mortgages", the characteristics of which are loans lacking full documentation, borrowers having low FICO scores or collateral compositions reflecting high loan-to-value ratios. Substantially all of our residential loans are indexed to Treasury Constant Maturity Rates and have provisions to reset five years after their origination dates.
1 Our residential loan portfolio includes no sub-prime loans, nor is it our normal practice to underwrite loans commonly referred to as "Alt-A mortgages", the characteristics of which are loans lacking full documentation, borrowers having low FICO scores or collateral compositions reflecting high loan-to-value ratios. Substantially all of our residential loans are indexed to Treasury Constant Maturity Rates and have provisions to reset five years after their origination dates.
We continued to strengthen market presence throughout our footprint in 2016.2017, including the acquisition of Bank of Napa, which added $134.7 million to our loan portfolio in November 2017. New organic loan volume totaled approximately $192$173.1 million in 2016,2017, compared to approximately $252$191.8 million in 2015.2016. Approximately 87% and 85% of our outstanding loans were secured by real estate at both December 31, 2017 and 2016, and 2015.respectively. Also, see ItemITEM 1A, Risk Factors, regarding our loan concentration risk.

At both December 31, 2017 and 2016, approximately 2.0% of our total loans contained an interest-only feature as part of the loan terms. All of these loans were current with their payments as of December 31, 2017. Except for two loans to one borrowing relationship totaling $7.0 million as of December 31, 2017 and 2016, all were considered to have low credit risk (graded "Pass").

As of December 31, 2017 and 2016, approximately $40.8 million and $48.7 million, respectively, of our loans had interest reserves, all of which were construction loans. When we determine a loan is impaired before the depletion of the interest reserve, we apply the interest funded by the interest reserve against loan principal. As of December 31, 2017 and 2016, no loans having interest reserve balances were determined to be impaired.

The following table summarizes our commercial real estate loan portfolio by the geographic location in which the property is located as of December 31, 20162017 and 2015.2016.

Table 7 Commercial Real Estate Loans Outstanding by Geographic Location
December 31, 2016 December 31, 2015December 31, 2017 December 31, 2016
(dollars in thousands; unaudited)Amount% of Commercial real estate loans Amount% of Commercial real estate loans
Amount% of Commercial real estate loans Amount% of Commercial real estate loans
Marin$310,286
31.9% $317,035
33.1%$341,827
30.4% $310,286
31.9%
Sonoma155,066
16.0
 132,592
13.8
167,014
14.9
 155,066
16.0
Napa151,778
13.5
 79,872
8.2
San Francisco143,975
14.8
 130,164
13.6
150,376
13.4
 143,975
14.8
Alameda121,467
12.5
 135,835
14.2
143,939
12.8
 121,467
12.5
Napa79,872
8.2
 76,409
8.0
Contra Costa41,808
4.3
 40,084
4.2
42,093
3.7
 41,808
4.3
San Mateo22,360
2.3
 21,756
2.3
20,481
1.8
 22,360
2.3
Solano18,071
1.6
 10,606
1.1
El Dorado14,146
1.5
 14,414
1.5
13,860
1.2
 14,146
1.5
Sacramento11,083
1.1
 17,592
1.8
11,030
1.0
 11,083
1.1
Other71,878
7.4
 72,307
7.5
63,478
5.7
 61,272
6.3
Total$971,941
100.0% $958,188
100.0%$1,123,947
100.0% $971,941
100.0%



Commercial real estate loans increased by $152.0 million in 2017 and $13.8 million in 20162016. The increase in 2017 included $92.3 million from the Bank of Napa acquisition, as well as lending activities in Marin and $54.1 million in 2015.Alameda Counties. Of the commercial real estate loans at December 31, 2016 and 2015, 75%2017, 73% were non-owner occupied and 25%27% were owner occupied. Almost all of ourthe entire commercial real estate loan portfolio is comprised of term loans for which the primary source of repayment is the operating cash flow from the leasing activities of the real estate collateral. Originated loans are subject to our conservative credit underwriting standards and both the acquired and originated loans are actively managed.



The following table shows an analysis of construction loans by type and location as of December 31, 20162017 and 2015.2016.

Table 8 Construction Loans Outstanding by Type and Geographic Location
(dollars in thousands; unaudited)December 31, 2016 December 31, 2015December 31, 2017 December 31, 2016
Construction loans by typeAmount
% of Construction Loans
 Amount
% of Construction Loans
Amount
% of Construction Loans
 Amount
% of Construction Loans
1-4 Single family residential$41,106
55.0% $39,444
60.2%$22,780
35.7% $41,106
55.0%
Commercial real estate19,861
26.6
 17,962
27.4
20,935
32.8
 19,861
26.6
Apartments and multifamily9,088
12.1
 3,127
4.8
14,878
23.3
 9,088
12.1
Land - improved3,245
4.3
 3,224
4.9
3,668
5.7
 3,245
4.3
Land - unimproved1,509
2.0
 1,738
2.7
1,567
2.5
 1,509
2.0
Total$74,809
100.0% $65,495
100.0%$63,828
100.0% $74,809
100.0%
          
(dollars in thousands; unaudited)December 31, 2016 December 31, 2015December 31, 2017 December 31, 2016
Construction loans by geographic locationAmount
% of Construction Loans
 Amount
% of Construction Loans
Amount
% of Construction Loans
 Amount
% of Construction Loans
San Francisco$31,256
41.8% $26,120
39.9%$21,664
33.9% $31,256
41.8%
Napa12,072
18.9
 3,363
4.5
Marin19,354
25.9
 15,921
24.3
9,750
15.3
 19,354
25.9
Alameda14,905
19.9
 1,305
2.0
7,783
12.2
 14,905
19.9
Sonoma4,683
7.3
 2,609
3.5
San Mateo

 9,327
14.2
3,495
5.5
 

Napa3,363
4.5
 7,749
11.8
Riverside3,224
4.3
 3,224
4.9
2,969
4.7
 3,224
4.3
Sonoma2,609
3.5
 1,725
2.6
Other98
0.1
 124
0.3
1,412
2.2
 98
0.1
Total$74,809
100.0% $65,495
100.0%$63,828
100.0% $74,809
100.0%

Construction loans decreased by $11.0 million in 2017 and increased by $9.3 million in 2016 and $17.12016. The decrease in 2017 was due to payoffs from completed construction projects, partially offset by $3.2 million in 2015.constructions loans from the Bank of Napa acquisition. The increase in 2016 was due to draws on both new and existing single familysingle-family development construction projects as well as on mixed-use commercial and owner-occupied construction projects. The increases in construction fundings were partially offset by payoffs related to completed construction projects. The increase in 2015 was due to substantial draws on existing single family development construction projects as they approached completion and origination of new construction loans. The improving economy resulted in a number of new financing opportunities for existing customers who had successfully completed construction projects in the past.

At December 31, 2016 and 2015, respectively, approximately 2.0% and 1.5% of our total loans contained an interest-only feature as part of the loan terms. All of these loans were current with their payments as of December 31, 2016. Except for two loans to one borrowing relationship totaling $7.0 million as of December 31, 2016 and 2015, all were considered to have low credit risk (graded "Pass").

As of December 31, 2016 and 2015, approximately $48.7 million and $43.4 million, respectively, of our loans had interest reserves, all of which were construction loans. When we determine a loan is impaired before the interest reserve has been depleted, the interest funded by the interest reserve is applied against loan principal. As of December 31, 2016 and 2015, no loans having interest reserve balances were determined to be impaired.




The following table presents the maturity distribution of our commercial and construction loans as of December 31, 20162017 based on their contractual maturity dates and does not include scheduled payments or potential prepayments.

Table 9A Commercial and Construction Loan Maturity Distribution
Due within
Due after 1 but
Due after
 Due within
Due after 1 but
Due after
 
(in thousands; unaudited)1 year
within 5 years
5 years
Total
1 year
within 5 years
5 years
Total
Maturity distribution: 

 

Commercial$75,278
$72,146
$71,191
$218,615
$93,686
$80,554
$61,595
$235,835
Construction53,128
2,606
19,075
74,809
46,892
15,916
1,020
63,828
Total$128,406
$74,752
$90,266
$293,424
$140,578
$96,470
$62,615
$299,663



The following table shows the mix of variable-rate loans to fixed-rate loans for commercial and construction loans. The large majority of the variable-rate loans are tied to independent indices (such as the Wall Street Journal prime rate or a Treasury Constant Maturity Rate). Most loans with original terms of more than five years have provisions for the fixed rates to reset, or convert to variable rates, after one, three or five years. These loans are included in variable rate balances.

Table 9B Commercial and Construction Loan Interest Rate Sensitivity
(in thousands; unaudited)Fixed
Variable
Total
Fixed
Variable
Total
Commercial$99,992
$118,623
$218,615
$111,978
$123,857
$235,835
Construction1,412
73,397
74,809
2,457
61,371
63,828
Total$101,404
$192,020
$293,424
$114,435
$185,228
$299,663

Allowance for Loan Losses

Credit risk is inherent in the business of lending. As a result, we maintain an allowance for loan losses to absorb probable losses in our loan portfolio through a provision for loan losses charged against earnings. All specifically identifiable and quantifiable losses are charged off against the allowance. The balance of our allowance for loan losses is Management's best estimate of the remaining probable losses in the portfolio. The ultimate adequacy of the allowance is dependent upon a variety of factors beyond our control, including the real estate market, changes in interest rates and economic and political environments. Based on the current conditions of the loan portfolio, Management believes that the $15.4$15.8 million allowance for loan losses at December 31, 20162017 is adequate to absorb losses in our loan portfolio. NoHowever, we can provide no assurance can be given, however, that adverse economic conditions or other circumstances will not result in increased losses in the portfolio.

The Components of the Allowance for Loan Losses

As stated in Note 1 to the Consolidated Financial Statements in ItemITEM 8 of this report, the overall allowance consists of 1) specific allowances for individually identified impaired loans ("ASC 310-10") and 2) general allowances for pools of loans ("ASC 450-20"), which incorporate quantitative (e.g., loan loss rates) and qualitative risk factors (e.g., portfolio growth and trends, credit concentrations, economic and regulatory factors, etc.).

The first component, specific allowances, results from the analysis of identified problem credits and the evaluation of sources of repayment including collateral, as applicable. TheseManagement evaluates these loans are evaluatedindividually for impairment individually by Management.impairment. Management considers an originated loan to be impaired when it is probable we will be unable to collect all amounts due according to the contractual terms of the loan agreement. For PCI loans, specific allowances are established to account for credit deterioration subsequent to acquisition if we have probable decreases in cash flows expected to be collected. For loans determined to be impaired, the extent of the impairment is measured based on the present value of expected future cash flows discounted at the loan's effective interest rate at origination (for originated loans), based on the loan's observable market price, or based on the fair value of the collateral if the loan is collateral dependent or if foreclosure is imminent. Generally, with problem credits that are collateral dependent, we obtain appraisals of the collateral at least annually. We may obtain appraisals more frequently if we believe the collateral is subject to market volatility, if a specific event has occurred to the collateral, or if we believe foreclosure is imminent. Impaired loan balances decreased to $18.3$16.9 at December 31, 20162017 from $21.2$18.3 million at December 31, 2015. The


decrease primarily relates to the resolution and pay-off of a $1.9 million commercial real estate credit and paydowns of several other impaired loans.2016. The specific allowance for impaired loans decreased slightly to $513 thousand at December 31, 2017 from $991 thousand at December 31, 2016 from $1.2 million at December 31, 2015.2016. The decreases in impaired loan balances and related reserves primarily relate to payoffs and paydowns, charge-off of an unsecured commercial loan, and changes to valuation assumptions on existing impaired loans.

The second component is an estimate of the probable inherent losses in each loan pool with similar risk characteristics. This analysis encompasses the entire loan portfolio, excluding individually identified impaired loans and acquired loans whose purchase discount has not been fully accreted. Under our allowance model, loans are evaluated on a pool basis by federal regulatory reporting codes ("CALL codes" or "segments"), which are further delineated by assigned credit risk ratings, as described in Note 3 to the Consolidated Financial Statements in ItemITEM 8 of this report. At December 31, 20162017 and 2015,2016, the allowance allocated for the second component totaled $14.5$15.3 million and $13.8$14.5 million, respectively. The increase from 20152016 to 20162017 primarily relates to a $63.6an $84.3 million increase in loans subject to general allowances for pools of loans.loans and elevated qualitative risk factors associated with unknown long-term impacts of the 2017 North Bay wildfires and the Bank of Napa acquisition.



Table 10 shows the allocation of the allowance by loan type as well as the percentage of total loans in each of the same loan types.

Table 10 Allocation of Allowance for Loan Losses
December 31, 2016 December 31, 2015 December 31, 2014 December 31, 2013 December 31, 2012December 31, 2017 December 31, 2016 December 31, 2015 December 31, 2014 December 31, 2013
(dollars in thousands; unaudited)Allowance balance allocation
Loans as a percent of total loans
 Allowance balance allocation
Loans as a percent of total loans
 Allowance balance allocation
Loans as a percent of total loans
 Allowance balance allocation
Loans as a percent of total loans
 Allowance balance allocation
Loans as a percent of total loans
Allowance balance allocation
Loans as a percent of total loans
 Allowance balance allocation
Loans as a percent of total loans
 Allowance balance allocation
Loans as a percent of total loans
 Allowance balance allocation
Loans as a percent of total loans
 Allowance balance allocation
Loans as a percent of total loans
Commercial loans$3,248
14.7% $3,023
15.1% $2,837
15.4% $3,056
14.4% $4,100
16.4%$3,654
14.0% $3,248
14.7% $3,023
15.1% $2,837
15.4% $3,056
14.4%
Real Estate:                            
Commercial, owner-occupied1,753
16.7
 2,249
16.7
 1,924
16.9
 2,012
19.0
 1,313
18.3
2,294
17.9
 1,753
16.7
 2,249
16.7
 1,924
16.9
 2,012
19.0
Commercial, investor6,320
48.7
 6,178
49.4
 6,672
49.4
 6,196
49.2
 4,372
47.4
6,475
49.1
 6,320
48.7
 6,178
49.4
 6,672
49.4
 6,196
49.2
Construction781
5.0
 724
4.5
 839
3.6
 633
2.5
 611
2.9
681
3.8
 781
5.0
 724
4.5
 839
3.6
 633
2.5
Home Equity973
7.9
 910
7.7
 859
8.1
 875
7.8
 1,264
8.7
1,031
7.9
 973
7.9
 910
7.7
 859
8.1
 875
7.8
Other residential454
5.3
 394
5.0
 433
5.4
 317
5.7
 551
4.6
536
5.7
 454
5.3
 394
5.0
 433
5.4
 317
5.7
Installment and other consumer372
1.7
 425
1.6
 566
1.2
 629
1.4
 1,231
1.7
378
1.6
 372
1.7
 425
1.6
 566
1.2
 629
1.4
Unallocated allowance1,541
N/A
 1,096
N/A
 969
N/A
 506
 N/A
 219
 N/A
718
N/A
 1,541
N/A
 1,096
N/A
 969
N/A
 506
 N/A
Total allowance for loan losses$15,442
  $14,999
  $15,099
  $14,224
  $13,661
 $15,767
  $15,442
  $14,999
  $15,099
  $14,224
 
Total percent 100.0%  100.0%  100.0%  100.0%  100.0% 100.0%  100.0%  100.0%  100.0%  100.0%

Table 11 shows the activity in the allowance for loan losses for each of the years in the five-year period ended December 31, 2016.2017.

Table 11 Allowance for Loan Losses
(dollars in thousands; unaudited)2016201520142013201220172016201520142013
Beginning balance$14,999
$15,099
$14,224
$13,661
$14,639
$15,442
$14,999
$15,099
$14,224
$13,661
(Reversal of) provision for loan losses(1,850)500
750
540
2,900
Provision for (reversal of) loan losses500
(1,850)500
750
540
Loans charged-off:  
Commercial(11)(5)(66)(672)(892)(289)(11)(5)(66)(672)
Real Estate:  
Commercial, owner occupied(20)


(181)
(20)


Commercial, investor


(156)(2,414)



(156)
Construction
(839)(204)(62)(373)

(839)(204)(62)
Home equity


(176)(382)



(176)
Other residential



(196)




Installment and other consumer(5)(20)(7)(88)(122)(4)(5)(20)(7)(88)
Total loans charged-off(36)(864)(277)(1,154)(4,560)(293)(36)(864)(277)(1,154)
Loans recovered:  
Commercial143
236
168
1,021
541
111
143
236
168
1,021
Real Estate:  
Commercial, owner occupied

5
84
5



5
84
Commercial, investor2,156
23
45
40


2,156
23
45
40
Construction

96
1
122



96
1
Home equity3
3
3
10
12

3
3
3
10
Other residential









Installment and other consumer27
2
85
21
2
7
27
2
85
21
Total loans recovered2,329
264
402
1,177
682
118
2,329
264
402
1,177
Net loans recovered (charged-off)2,293
(600)125
23
(3,878)
Net loans (charged-off) recovered(175)2,293
(600)125
23
Ending balance$15,442
$14,999
$15,099
$14,224
$13,661
$15,767
$15,442
$14,999
$15,099
$14,224
Total loans outstanding at end of year, before deducting allowance for loan losses$1,486,616
$1,451,228
$1,363,351
$1,269,322
$1,073,952
$1,679,013
$1,486,616
$1,451,208
$1,363,351
$1,269,322
Average total loans outstanding during year$1,452,357
$1,354,564
$1,317,794
$1,092,885
$1,023,165
$1,511,503
$1,452,357
$1,354,564
$1,317,794
$1,092,885
Ratio of allowance for loan losses to total loans at end of year1.04 %1.03%1.11 %1.12 %1.27%0.94%1.04 %1.03%1.11 %1.12 %
Net (recoveries) charge-offs to average loans(0.16)%0.04%(0.01)% %0.38%
Ratio of allowance for loan losses to net (recoveries) charge-offs(673.4)%2,499.8%(12,079.2)%(61,843.5)%352.3%
Net charge-offs (recoveries) to average loans0.01%(0.16)%0.04%(0.01)% %
Ratio of allowance for loan losses to net charge-offs (recoveries)9,009.7%(673.4)%2,499.8%(12,079.2)%(61,843.5)%



Net charge-offs totaled $175 thousand in 2017, compared to net recoveries totaledof $2.3 million in 2016, compared to net charge-offs of $6002016. Charge-offs in 2017 primarily included a $283 thousand in 2015.unsecured commercial loan. Recoveries in 2016 primarily resulted from the resolution and pay-off of a commercial real estate credit. Charge-offs in 2015 were primarily comprised of an $839 charge-off related to a land development loan that was sold. The percentage of net charge-offs (recoveries) charge-offs to average loans was 0.01% in 2017, compared to (0.16)% in 2016 compared toand 0.04% in 2015, and (0.01)% in 2014, reflecting the factors discussed above.



Table 12 shows non-performing assets and impaired loans for each of the years in the five-year period ended December 31, 2016.2017.

Table 12 Non-performing Assets and Impaired Loans
(dollars in thousands; unaudited)2016
2015
2014
2013
2012
2017
2016
2015
2014
2013
Non-accrual loans:  
Commercial$
$21
$
$1,187
$4,893
$
$
$21
$
$1,187
Real Estate:  
Commercial, owner-occupied

1,403
1,403
1,403



1,403
1,403
Commercial, investor
1,903
2,429
2,807
6,843


1,903
2,429
2,807
Construction
1
5,134
5,218
2,239


1
5,134
5,218
Home equity91
171
280
234
545
406
91
171
280
234
Other residential


660
1,196




660
Installment and other consumer54
83
104
169
533

54
83
104
169
Total non-accrual loans145
2,179
9,350
11,678
17,652
406
145
2,179
9,350
11,678
Other real estate owned408
421
461
461


408
421
461
461
Repossessed personal properties



35
Total non-performing assets$553
$2,600
$9,811
$12,139
$17,687
$406
$553
$2,600
$9,811
$12,139
Accruing restructured loans:  
Commercial$2,207
$4,562
$3,584
$4,514
$4,577
$2,165
$2,207
$4,562
$3,584
$4,514
Real Estate:  
Commercial, owner-occupied6,993
6,993
7,056
534

6,999
6,993
6,993
7,056
534
Commercial, investor2,256
513
524
2,930

2,171
2,256
513
524
2,930
Construction3,245
3,237
550
1,516
1,929
2,969
3,245
3,237
550
1,516
Home equity625
388
414
272
648
347
625
388
414
272
Other residential1,965
2,011
2,045
1,403
2,116
1,148
1,965
2,011
2,045
1,403
Installment and other consumer877
1,168
1,689
1,693
1,515
721
877
1,168
1,689
1,693
Total accruing restructured loans18,168
18,872
15,862
12,862
10,785
16,520
18,168
18,872
15,862
12,862
Accreting impaired PCI loans: 
Commercial real estate 1



1,155
1,866
Commercial 1

137



Construction1


11


Accreting impaired PCI loans: 1
 
Commercial real estate



1,155
Commercial

137


Construction


11

Total accreting impaired PCI loans
137

1,155
1,866


137
11
1,155
Total non-accrual loans (from above)406
145
2,179
9,350
11,678
Total impaired loans$18,313
$21,188
$25,212
$25,695
$30,303
$16,926
$18,313
$21,188
$25,223
$25,695
Allowance for loan losses to non-accrual loans at period end10,650%688%162%122%77%3,883%10,650%688%162%122%
Non-accrual loans to total loans0.01%0.15%0.69%0.92%1.64%0.02%0.01%0.15%0.69%0.92%
1 The expected cash flows on these PCI loans declined post-acquisition, yet continue to accrete interest based on the revised expected cash flows.
1 The expected cash flows on these PCI loans declined post-acquisition, yet continue to accrete interest based on the revised expected cash flows.
1 The expected cash flows on these PCI loans declined post-acquisition, yet continue to accrete interest based on the revised expected cash flows.

Other real estate owned decreased in 2017 from the sale of two properties obtained from a bank acquisition in 2013. The decrease in non-performingtotal impaired loans from 2016 to 2017 primarily relates to pay-offs and paydowns, and the charge-off of an unsecured commercial loan mentioned above, which were partially offset by an increase in non-accrual loans. The decrease in total impaired loans from 2015 to 2016 primarily relates to the resolution and pay-off of a commercial real estate credit, mentioned above.credit. The decrease in non-performingtotal impaired loans from 2014 to 2015 primarily relates to a previously non-performingnon-accrual loan that was returned to accrual status, the pay-off of a commercial real estate loan, and the sale of a land development loan that was sold.loan. The decrease in non-accrualtotal impaired loans from 2013 to 2014 primarily relates to the successful resolution of several problem loans that led to pay offs, pay downs or resumptionthe return of payments.loans to accrual status, partially offset by in increase in accruing troubled debt restructured loans.

Troubled debt restructured loans, whose contractual terms have beenwere restructured in a manner which grantsthat granted a concession to a borrower experiencing financial difficulties, totaled $18.2$16.5 million and $19.1$18.2 million as of December 31, 20162017 and 2015,2016, respectively. The decrease from 2016 to 2017 primarily relates to the same reasons mentioned above. The


decrease from 2015 to 2016 primarily relates to loan pay-offs and paydowns, net of loans modified as TDRs during 2016. The decrease from 2014 to 2015 primarily relates to five loans that were removed from TDR designation, one sold TDR loan and pay-offs and paydowns of several other TDR loans. For more information, refer to Note 3 to the Consolidated Financial Statements in ItemITEM 8, under “Troubled Debt Restructuring”.



Other Assets

BOLI totaled $38.1 million at December 31, 2017, compared to $32.4 million at December 31, 2016, compared to $29.5 million at December 31, 2015, and is recorded in other assets. The increase primarily relates to $2.1$4.8 million in BOLI purchases in 2016.acquired from the Bank of Napa acquisition.

Other assets also included net deferred tax assets of $15.3$8.8 million and $12.7$15.3 million at December 31, 2017 and 2016, and 2015, respectively. These deferredDeferred tax assets consist primarily of tax benefits expected to be realized in future periods related to temporary differences such as allowance for loan losses and off-balance sheet credit commitments, net operating loss carryforwards, temporary differences of allowance for loan losses, fair value adjustments on acquired loans, deferred compensation plan and accrued but unpaid expenses. The increase in deferred tax assets in 2016 primarily relates to a higher amount ofsalary continuation plan, and net unrealized loss on available-for-sale securities. Management believes theseThe decrease in 2017 primarily relates to a $3.0 million write-down of net deferred tax assets due to the enactment of the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act of 2017 on December 22, 2017. There were other fluctuations in our net deferred tax asset balances due to the Bank of Napa acquisition and other tax planning strategies. Management believes deferred tax assets will be realizable due to our consistent record of earnings and the expectation that earnings will continue at a level adequate to realize such benefits. Therefore, no valuation allowance has beenwas established as of December 31, 20162017 or 2015.2016. For additional information, refer to Note 11 to the Consolidated Financial Statements in ITEM 8 of this report.

In addition, we held $10.2$11.1 million and $8.4$10.2 million of FHLB stock recorded at cost in other assets at December 31, 20162017 and 2015,2016, respectively. The increase is due to a $1.8 million$918 thousand in FHLB capital stock purchase in April 2016 associated with our increased asset size.acquired from the Bank of Napa acquisition. The FHLB paid $1.2 million$766 thousand and $1.0$1.2 million in cash dividends in 20162017 and 2015,2016, respectively. On February 21, 2017,2018, the FHLB declared a cash dividend for the fourth quarter of 20162017 at an annualized dividend rate of 9.08%7.00%.

Other assets also included $6.4
Deposits

Organic deposits increased $144.5 million, or8.2%, in goodwill at both December 31, 20162017. Combined organic growth and 2015, as a result of a previous bank acquisition. Goodwill representsdeposits acquired from the excess of the total purchase price paid over the fair value of the assets acquired, net of the fair value of liabilities assumed. Goodwill mainly reflects expected value created through the combined operations of the acquired business and Bank of Marin, which we considerNapa resulted in 21.2% total deposit growth to be one reporting unit. We determined that the fair value of our traditional community banking activities (provided through our branch network) exceeded the carrying amount. Therefore, no impairment on goodwill was recognized in 2016, 2015, or 2014. The goodwill is not deductible for tax purposes.

A core deposit intangible asset, net of amortization, totaling $2.6 million and $3.1$2,148.7 million at December 31, 2016 and December 31, 2015, respectively, is included in other assets which represents the estimated future benefits of acquired deposits and is booked separately from the related deposits. The value of the core deposit intangible asset was determined using a discounted cash flow approach to arrive at the cost differential between the core deposits (non-maturity deposits such as transaction, savings and money market accounts) and alternative funding sources. It was calculated as the present value of the difference  in  cash flows between maintaining the core deposits (interest  and maintenance  costs) and the cost of an equal amount of  funds with a similar term from an alternative source. The core deposit intangible is amortized on an accelerated basis over an estimated ten-year life, and it is evaluated periodically for impairment. No impairment loss was recognized in 2016, 2015, or 2014. For more information, refer to Note 1 to the Consolidated Financial Statements under “Goodwill and Other Intangible Assets” in Item 8 of this report.


Deposits

Deposits increased $44.5 million, or2.6%, in 2016. The increase in deposits in 20162017, compared to 2015 is primarily due to the expansion of business by many of our commercial depositors as well as the acquisition of new clients. Non-interest bearing deposits totaled $817.0$1,772.7 million at December 31, 2016, an increase of $46.9 million when compared to December 31, 2015.2016. Non-interest bearing deposits, totaled 46.1%including those acquired, grew by $197.1 million in 2017 and made up 47.2% of total deposits as of December 31, 2016, compared to 44.6% at December 31, 2015.year-end. No individual customer accounted for more than 5% of deposits. Also, see ItemITEM 1A. Risk Factors, for a discussion risks associated with volatility due to activity of our large deposit customers.



Table 13 Distribution of Average Deposits    

Table 13 shows the relative composition of our average deposits for the years 2017, 2016 2015 and 2014.2015. For average rates paid on deposits, refer to Table 1 in ItemITEM 7- Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations.
   Years ended December 31,      Years ended December 31,   
2016 2015 20142017 2016 2015
(dollars in thousands; unaudited)     Amount
Percent
      Amount
Percent
      Amount
Percent
     Amount
Percent
      Amount
Percent
      Amount
Percent
Non-interest bearing$819,916
46.9% $753,038
45.8% $717,738
44.7%$899,289
48.3% $819,916
46.9% $753,038
45.8%
Interest bearing transaction94,252
5.4
 95,662
5.8
 101,133
6.3
105,544
5.6
 94,252
5.4
 95,662
5.8
Savings151,214
8.6
 134,997
8.2
 125,169
7.8
167,190
9.0
 151,214
8.6
 134,997
8.2
Money market 1
524,989
30.0
 505,280
30.7
 507,055
31.6
542,592
29.2
 524,989
30.0
 505,280
30.7
Time deposits, including CDARS:                
Less than $100,00037,359
2.2
 39,666
2.4
 43,982
2.9
35,136
1.9
 37,359
2.2
 39,666
2.4
$100,000 or more121,519
6.9
 116,650
7.1
 111,247
6.7
110,933
6.0
 121,519
6.9
 116,650
7.1
Total time deposits158,878
9.1
 156,316
9.5
 155,229
9.6
146,069
7.9
 158,878
9.1
 156,316
9.5
Total average deposits$1,749,249
100.0% $1,645,293
100.0% $1,606,324
100.0%$1,860,684
100.0% $1,749,249
100.0% $1,645,293
100.0%
1 Included in money market balances are Insured Cash Sweep® ("ICS") balances and Demand Deposit MarketplaceSM ("DDM") defined in Note 6
to the Consolidated Financial Statements in ItemITEM 8 of this report.



Table 14 Maturities of Time Deposits of $100,000 or more at December 31

Table 14 below shows the maturity groupings for time deposits of $100,000 or more at December 31, 2017, 2016 2015 and 2014.2015.
    December 31,    December 31,
(in thousands; unaudited)2016
2015
2014
2017
2016
2015
Three months or less$34,212
$29,694
$19,634
$36,669
$34,212
$29,694
Over three months through six months17,482
18,525
16,668
20,617
17,482
18,525
Over six months through twelve months26,301
35,735
20,207
22,638
26,301
35,735
Over twelve months37,122
37,969
49,076
40,481
37,122
37,969
Total$115,117
$121,923
$105,585
$120,405
$115,117
$121,923

Borrowings

As of December 31, 20162017 and 2015,2016, respectively, we had $513.7$538.9 million and $470.6$513.7 million in secured lines of credit with FHLB and $43.1$52.1 million and $37.8$43.1 million with the Federal Reserve Bank of San Francisco (“FRBSF”). We also had $100.4 million (including $8.4 million assumed from Bank of Napa) and $92.0 million in unsecured lines with correspondent banks to cover any short or long-term borrowing needs at both December 31, 2017 and 2016, and 2015.respectively.

At December 31, 2016 thereThere were no FHLB overnight borrowings compared to $52.0 million in FHLB overnight borrowings at a rateas of 0.27% at December 31, 2015.2017 or 2016. On February 5, 2008, the Bank entered into a ten-year borrowing agreement under the same FHLB line of credit for $15.0 million at a fixed rate of 2.07%. On June 15, 2016, the Bank repaid the $15.0 million early and incurred a prepayment fee of $312 thousand recorded in interest expense. At December 31, 2017 and 2016, and 2015, respectively, $513.7$538.9 million and $403.4$513.7 million were remaining as available for borrowing from the FHLB, net of outstanding borrowings and an unused standby letter of credit totaling $241 thousand at December 31, 2015.FHLB. The FRBSF and correspondent bank lines were not utilized at December 31, 20162017 and 2015.2016.

As part of a bank acquisition in 2013, we assumed two subordinated debentures due to the NorCal Community Bancorp Trusts I and II at fair values totaling $5.0 million at the acquisition date, which are being accreted up to the contractual values totaling $8.2 million over the remaining terms of the debentures. The subordinated debentures havehad been accreted up to $5.6$5.7 million and $5.4$5.6 million as of December 31, 20162017 and 2015,2016, respectively.

For additional information, see Note 7 to the Consolidated Financial Statements in ItemITEM 8 of this report.



Deferred Compensation Obligations

We maintain a non-qualified, unfunded deferred compensation plan for certain key management personnel. Under this plan, participating employees may defer compensation, which will entitle them to receive certain payments for up to fifteen years commencing upon retirement, death, disability or termination of employment. The participating employee may elect to receive payments over periods not to exceed fifteen years. At December 31, 20162017 and 2015,2016, our aggregate payment obligations under this plan totaled $3.2$3.4 million and $3.0$3.2 million, respectively.

We established a Salary Continuation Plan on January 1, 2011. The plan was to provide a percentage of salary continuation benefits to a select group of Executive Management upon retirement at age sixty-five and reduced benefits upon early retirement.  At December 31, 20162017 and 2015,2016, our liability under the Salary Continuation Plan was $2.5 million (including $1.2 million assumed from Bank of Napa) and $1.0 million, and $823 thousand, respectively, and is recorded in interest payable and other liabilities in the Consolidated Statements of Condition. This Plan is unfunded and non-qualified for tax purposes and for purposes of Title I of the Employee Retirement Income Security Act of 1974.

For additional information, see Note 10 to the Consolidated Financial Statements in ItemITEM 8 of this report.

Off-Balance Sheet Arrangements, Commitments and Contractual Obligations

We make commitments to extend credit in the normal course of business to meet the financing needs of our customers. For additional information, see Note 16 to the Consolidated Financial Statements in ItemITEM 8 of this report. The following is a summary of our contractual obligations as of December 31, 2016.2017.



Table 15 Contractual Obligations at December 31, 20162017
Payments due by periodPayments due by period
(in thousands; unaudited)<1 year
1-3 years
4-5 years
>5 years
Total
<1 year
1-3 years
4-5 years
>5 years
Total
Operating leases$3,850
$7,644
$5,519
$4,069
$21,082
$4,444
$7,956
$3,468
$2,904
$18,772
Subordinated debentures


8,248
8,248



8,248
8,248
Certificates of deposit104,616
20,216
26,631

151,463
108,352
23,511
28,252
1
160,116
Other long term liabilities (salary continuation payments)1
68
62
214
1,652
1,996
Total$108,466
$27,860
$32,150
$12,317
$180,793
$112,864
$31,529
$31,934
$12,805
$189,132
1 Includes $1.96 million in future benefit payments under executive salary continuation agreements assumed from the Bank of Napa acquisition whereby participants will receive payments after reaching the age of 65. Amounts exclude future benefit payment obligations totaling $4.2 million under executive salary continuation agreements whereby the participants will receive payments upon retirement. For additional information, see Note 10 to the Consolidated Financial Statements in ITEM 8 of this report.

The contractual amount of loan commitments not reflected on the consolidated statements of condition was $422.3$453.2 million and $376.6$422.3 million at December 31, 20162017 and 2015,2016, respectively.

As permitted or required under California law and to the maximum extent allowable under that law, we have certain obligations to indemnify our current and former officers and directors for certain events or occurrences while the officer or director is, or was serving, at our request in such capacity. These indemnification obligations are valid as long as the director or officer acted in good faith and in a manner the person reasonably believed to be in, or not opposed to, our best interests, and with respect to any criminal action or proceeding, had no reasonable cause to believe his or her conduct was unlawful. The maximum potential amount of future payments we could be required to make under these indemnification obligations is unlimited; however, we have a director and officer insurance policy that mitigates our exposure and enables us to recover a portion of any future amounts paid. As we believe the possibility of potential claims to be remote and any amounts under the indemnifications would be covered by the insurance policy, we have not recorded an indemnification obligation.

Capital Adequacy

As discussed in Note 15 to the Consolidated Financial Statements in ItemITEM 8 of this report, the Bank's capital ratios are above regulatory guidelines to be considered "well capitalized" and Bancorp's ratios exceed the required minimum ratios for capital adequacy purposes. The Bank's total risk-based capital ratio increased from 13.1% at December 31, 2015 to 14.1% at December 31, 2016 to 14.7% at December 31, 2017, primarily due to stock issued in the Bank of Napa acquisition and accumulation of undistributed net income of the Bank in 20162017 of $17.6 million.$9.6 million, partially offset by increased risk weighted assets resulting from the Bank of Napa acquisition. Bancorp's total risk-based capital ratio increased from 13.4% at December 31, 2015 to 14.3% at December 31, 2016 to 14.9% at December 31, 2017, primarily due to stock issued in the Bank of Napa acquisition and the accumulation of undistributed net income of $16.9$9.1 million in 2016.


2017, partially offset by increased risk weighted assets resulting from the Bank of Napa acquisition.

We expect to maintain strong capital levels. Our anticipated sources of capital in 20172018 include future earnings and shares issued under the stock-based compensation program.

Liquidity
 
The goal of liquidity management is to provide adequate funds to meet loan demand and to fund operating activities and deposit withdrawals. We accomplish this goal by maintaining an appropriate level of liquid assets and formal lines of credit with the FHLB, FRBSF and correspondent banks that enable us to borrow funds as needed.discussed in Note 7 to the Consolidated Financial Statement in ITEM 8 of this report. Our Asset Liability Management Committee ("ALCO"), which is comprised of certain Bank directors, of the Bank, is responsible for approving and monitoring our liquidity targets and strategies. ALCO has adopted a contingency funding plan that provides early detection of a potential shortfallliquidity issues in liquidity below internal requirementsthe market or the Bank and institutes prompt responses that may prevent or alleviate a potential liquidity crisis. Management monitors liquidity daily and regularly adjusts our position based on current and future liquidity needs. We also have relationships with third party deposit networks and can adjust the placement of our deposits via reciprocal or one-way sales as part of our cash management strategy.
 


We obtain funds from the repayment and maturity of loans, as well as deposit inflows, investment security maturities paydowns and sales,paydowns, federal funds purchases, FHLB advances, other borrowings, and other borrowings.cash flow from operations.  Our primary uses of funds are the origination of loans, the purchase of investment securities, withdrawals of deposits, maturity of certificates of deposit, repayment of borrowings, and dividends to common stockholders.
 
The most volatilesignificant factor in our short-termdaily liquidity position has been the level of customer deposits. We attract and retain new deposits, which depends upon the variety and effectiveness of our customer account products, service and convenience, and rates paid to customers, as well as our financial strength. However, the business model and cyclical nature of theThe cash cycles of some of our large commercial depositors may also cause short-term volatilityfluctuations in their deposit balances held with us.

Any long-term decline in deposit funding would adversely affectAt December 31, 2017 our liquidity. Management monitors our liquidity position daily and regularly adjusts our investments in liquid assets, based uponwhich included unencumbered available-for-sale securities and cash, totaled $501.9 million, an increase of $187.1 million from December 31, 2016. Our cash and cash equivalents increased $154.7 million from December 31, 2016. The primary sources of funds during 2017 included $130.3 million in proceeds from sales, paydowns and maturities of investment securities, an increase in net deposits of $126.1 million, $59.8 million cash acquired, net of cash paid, from the Bank of Napa acquisition and $26.9 million net cash provided by operating activities. The primary uses of liquidity during 2017 were $123.2 million in investment securities purchases, $57.2 million in loan originated (net of loan principal collections) and $6.9 million cash dividends paid on common stock to our assessment of expected loan demand and pay-off activities, expected deposit flows, desired mix and yields on interest-earning assets and the objectives of our asset/liability management program. In addition, we have secured borrowing capacity through the FHLB and FRBSF, as discussed in Note 7 to the Consolidated Financial Statements in Item 8 of this report, that can be drawn upon.shareholders. Management anticipates our current strong liquidity position and core deposit base will provide adequate liquidity to fund our operations.

At December 31, 2016 our liquid assets, which included unencumbered available-for-sale securities and cash, totaled $314.8 million, compared to $375.0 million at December 31, 2015. The decline is primarily due to $68.7 million of available-for-sale securities sold to repay $67.0 million of FHLB borrowings in 2016. As presented in the accompanying consolidated statements of cash flows, the sources of liquidity vary between periods. Our cash and cash equivalents at December 31, 2016 totaled $48.8 million, an increase of $22.5 million from December 31, 2015. The primary sources of funds during 2016 included $225.4 million in proceeds from sales, paydowns and maturities of investment securities, a net increase of $44.5 million in deposits and $25.4 million net cash provided by operating activities. The primary uses of liquidity during 2016 were $163.8 million in investment securities purchases, the repayment of $67.0 million in borrowings to lower our funding costs going forward, loan originations (net of loan principal collections) of $32.0 million and $6.2 million cash dividends paid on common stock to our shareholders.
 
Undrawn credit commitments, as discussed above and in Note 16 to the Consolidated Financial Statements in ItemITEM 8 of this report, totaled $422.3$453.2 million at December 31, 20162017. These commitments, to the extent used, are expected to be funded primarily through the repayment of existing loans, deposit growth and liquid assets. Over the next twelve months, $104.6$108.4 million of time deposits will mature. We expect these funds to be replaced with new deposits. Our emphasis on local deposits combined with our well capitalized equity position, provides a very stable funding base.
 
Since Bancorp is a holding company and does not conduct regular banking operations, its primary sources of liquidity are dividends from the Bank. Under the California Financial Code, payment of a dividend from the Bank to Bancorp without advance regulatory approval is restricted to the lesser of the Bank’s retained earnings or the amount of the Bank’s net profits from the previous three fiscal years less the amount of dividends paid during that period. The primary uses of funds for Bancorp are shareholder dividends and ordinary operating expenses.  Bancorp held $3.6$3.2 million of cash at December 31, 20162017. In January 2018, Bancorp obtained a dividend distribution from the Bank in the amount of $4.0totaling $6.3 million, in February of 2017. These funds arewhich is deemed sufficient to cover Bancorp's operational needs and cash dividends to shareholders through the end of 2017.2018. Management anticipates that there will be sufficient earnings at the Bank to provide dividends to Bancorp to meet its funding requirements for the foreseeable future.



Quarterly Financial Data

Table 16 Summary of Quarterly Financial Data

2016 Quarters Ended 2015 Quarters Ended2017 Quarters Ended 2016 Quarters Ended
(dollars in thousands; unaudited)Dec. 31
Sept. 30
Jun. 30
Mar. 31
 Dec. 31
Sept. 30
Jun. 30
Mar. 31
Dec. 31
Sept. 30
Jun. 30
Mar. 31
 Dec. 31
Sept. 30
Jun. 30
Mar. 31
Interest income$18,408
$19,834
$17,993
$19,195
 $17,795
$17,445
$17,018
$17,180
$20,650
$19,211
$18,703
$18,032
 $18,408
$19,834
$17,993
$19,195
Interest expense432
453
827
557
 552
562
564
582
511
423
399
411
 432
453
827
557
Net interest income17,976
19,381
17,166
18,638
 17,243
16,883
16,454
16,598
20,139
18,788
18,304
17,621
 17,976
19,381
17,166
18,638
(Reversal of) provision for loan losses(300)(1,550)

 500



Net interest income after (reversal of)    
provision for loan losses18,276
20,931
17,166
18,638
 16,743
16,883
16,454
16,598
Provision for (reversal of) loan losses500



 (300)(1,550)

Net interest income after provision for     
(reversal of) loan losses19,639
18,788
18,304
17,621
 18,276
20,931
17,166
18,638
Non-interest income2,463
2,114
2,421
2,163
 2,098
2,298
2,608
2,189
1,991
2,066
2,096
2,115
 2,463
2,114
2,421
2,163
Non-interest expense11,755
11,910
12,017
12,010
 11,135
11,638
12,319
11,848
15,104
13,036
12,631
13,011
 11,755
11,910
12,017
12,010
Income before provision for income taxes8,984
11,135
7,570
8,791
 7,706
7,543
6,743
6,939
6,526
7,818
7,769
6,725
 8,984
11,135
7,570
8,791
Provision for income taxes3,297
4,171
2,733
3,145
 2,781
2,770
2,457
2,482
5,416
2,686
2,583
2,177
 3,297
4,171
2,733
3,145
Net income$5,687
$6,964
$4,837
$5,646
 $4,925
$4,773
$4,286
$4,457
$1,110
$5,132
$5,186
$4,548
 $5,687
$6,964
$4,837
$5,646
Net income available to common stockholders$5,687
$6,964
$4,837
$5,646
 $4,925
$4,773
$4,286
$4,457
$1,110
$5,132
$5,186
$4,548
 $5,687
$6,964
$4,837
$5,646
      
Net income per common share:      
Basic$0.93
$1.14
$0.80
$0.93
 $0.82
$0.80
$0.72
$0.75
$0.17
$0.84
$0.85
$0.75
 $0.93
$1.14
$0.80
$0.93
Diluted$0.93
$1.14
$0.79
$0.93
 $0.81
$0.79
$0.71
$0.74
$0.17
$0.83
$0.84
$0.74
 $0.93
$1.14
$0.79
$0.93

Refer to the Executive Summary section above for a discussion of items that affected the financial results for the quarter ended December 31, 2017, including a one-time deferred tax asset write-down due to the enactment of the new federal tax law on December 22, 2017, and expenses related to the acquisition of Bank of Napa.

ITEM 7A.     Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosure about Market Risk

Market risk is defined as the risk of loss arising from an adverse change in the market value (or prices) of financial instruments. A significant form of market risk is interest rate risk, which is inherent in our investment, borrowing, lending and deposit gathering activities. The Bank manages interest rate sensitivity to minimize the exposure of our net interest margin, earnings, and capital to changes in interest rates. Interest rate changes can create fluctuations in the net interest margin due to an imbalance in the timing of repricing or maturity of assets or liabilities.

To mitigate interest rate risk, the structure of the Consolidated Statement of Condition is managed with the objective of correlating the effects of interest rate changes on loans and investments with those of deposits and borrowings. The asset liability management policy sets limits on the acceptable amount of change to net interest income and economic value of equity in different interest rate environments.

From time to time, we enter into interest rate swap contracts to mitigate the changes in the fair value of specified long-term fixed-rate loans and firm commitments to enter into long-term fixed-rate loans caused by changes in interest rates. See Note 14 to the Consolidated Financial Statements in ItemITEM 8 of this report.

Exposure to interest rate risk is reviewed at least quarterly by ALCO and the Board of Directors. Simulation models are used to measure interest rate risk and to evaluate strategies to improve profitability. A simplified statement of condition is prepared on a quarterly basis as a starting point, using instrument level data of our actual loans, investments, borrowings and deposits as inputs. If potential changes to net equity value and net interest income resulting from hypothetical interest rate changes are not within the limits established by the Board of Directors, Management may adjust the asset and liability mix to bring the risk position within approved limits.

In December 2016, the FOMC raised the target federal funds rate, the second time since December 2008, by 25 basis points to a range of 0.50% to 0.75%. The Bank currently has low interest rate risk and, in general, is slightly asset sensitive (netsensitive. Our net interest margin is expected to increase if rates go up, primarily due to our cash earning the Federal Funds rate, adjustable rate loans and our significant non-interest bearing deposit base).base. Our net interest income isremains most vulnerable to a falling interest rate environment.



The following table estimates the effect of interest rate changes in all points of the yield curve as measured against a flat rate scenario. For modeling purposes, the likelihood of a decrease in interest rates beyond 100 basis points as of December 31, 2016 was considered to be remote given prevailing low interest rate levels. The interest rate risk is within policy guidelines established by ALCO and the Board of Directors.


Table 17Effect of Interest Rate Change on Net Interest Income (NII) at December 31, 2016 
 Immediate Changes in Interest Rates (in basis points)Estimated Change in NII in Year 1 (as percent of NII)Estimated Change in NII in Year 2 (as percent of NII)
 up 400(0.6)%10.0%
 up 300(0.2)%8.1%
 up 2000.1%5.9%
 up 1000.3%3.9%
 down 100(5.7)%(10.6)%
Table 17 Effect of Interest Rate Change on Net Interest Income (NII) at December 31, 2017 
Immediate Changes in Interest Rates (in basis points)Estimated Change in NII in Year 1 (as percent of NII)Estimated Change in NII in Year 2 (as percent of NII)
up 4003.1%12.9%
up 3002.5%10.1%
up 2001.9%7.1%
up 1001.3%4.4%
down 100(6.8)%(11.5)%

Interest rate sensitivity is a function of the repricing characteristics of our assets and liabilities. The Bank runs a combination of scenarios and sensitivities in its attempt to capture the range of interest rate risk. As with any simulation model or other method of measuring interest rate risk, limitations are inherent in the process and dependent on assumptions. For example, if we choose to pay interest on certain business deposits that are currently non-interest bearing, causing these deposits to become rate sensitive in the future, we would become less asset sensitive than the model currently indicates. Assets and liabilities may react differently to changes in market interest rates in terms of both timing and responsiveness to market rate movements. Further, the actual rates and timing of prepayments on loans and investment securities, and the behavior of depositors, could vary significantly from the assumptions applied in the various scenarios. Lastly, changes in U.S. Treasury rates accompanied by a change in the shape of the yield curve could produce different results from those presented in the table. Accordingly, the results presented should not be relied upon as indicative of actual results in the event of changing market interest rates.



ITEM 8.  FINANCIAL STATEMENTS AND SUPPLEMENTARY DATA
 
Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm

The Board of Directors and Shareholders
Bank of Marin Bancorp

Opinions on the Financial Statements and Internal Control over Financial Reporting

We have audited the accompanying consolidated statements of condition of Bank of Marin Bancorp and subsidiary, (the “Company”) as of December 31, 20162017 and 2015, and2016, the related consolidated statements of comprehensive income, changes in stockholders'stockholders’ equity and cash flows for each of the three years in the period ended December 31, 2016.2017, and the related notes (collectively referred to as the “consolidated financial statements”). We also have audited the Company'sCompany’s internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2016,2017, based on criteria established in Internal Control - Integrated Framework (2013)2013 issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission. Commission (COSO).

In our opinion, the consolidated financial statements referred to above present fairly, in all material respects, the consolidated financial position of the Company as of December 31, 2017 and 2016, and the consolidated results of their operations and their cash flows for each of the three years in the period ended December 31, 2017, in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America. Also in our opinion, the Company maintained, in all material respects, effective internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2017, based on criteria established in Internal Control - Integrated Framework 2013 issued by COSO.

Basis for Opinions

The Company'sCompany’s management is responsible for these consolidated financial statements, for maintaining effective internal control over financial reporting, and for its assessment of the effectiveness of internal control over financial reporting, included in the accompanying Management'saccompanying: Management Report on Internal Control over Financial Reporting and Compliance with Applicable Laws and Regulations.included in ITEM 8. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on thesethe Company’s consolidated financial statements and an opinion on the Company'sCompany’s internal control over financial reporting based on our audits. We are a public accounting firm registered with the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States) (“PCAOB”) and are required to be independent with respect to the Company in accordance with the U.S. federal securities laws and the applicable rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission and the PCAOB.

We conducted our audits in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States).PCAOB. Those standards require that we plan and perform the audits to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the consolidated financial statements are free of material misstatement, whether due to error or fraud, and whether effective internal control over financial reporting was maintained in all material respects.

Our audits of the consolidated financial statements included performing procedures to assess the risks of material misstatement of the consolidated financial statements, whether due to error or fraud, and performing procedures to respond to those risks. Such procedures included examining, on a test basis, evidence supportingregarding the amounts and disclosures in the consolidated financial statements, assessingstatements. Our audits also included evaluating the accounting principles used and significant estimates made by Management, andmanagement, as well as evaluating the overall presentation of the consolidated financial statement presentation.statements. Our audit of internal control over financial reporting included obtaining an understanding of internal control over financial reporting, assessing the risk that a material weakness exists, and testing and evaluating the design and operating effectiveness of internal control based on the assessed risk. Our audits also included performing such other procedures as we considered necessary in the circumstances. We believe that our audits provide a reasonable basis for our opinions.

Definition and Limitations of Internal Control Over Financial Reporting

A company'scompany’s internal control over financial reporting is a process designed to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles. A company'scompany’s internal control over financial reporting includes those policies and procedures that (1) pertain to the maintenance of records that, in reasonable detail, accurately and fairly reflect the transactions and dispositions of the assets of the company; (2) provide reasonable assurance that transactions


are recorded as necessary to permit preparation of financial statements in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles, and that receipts and expenditures of the company are being made only in accordance with authorizations of Managementmanagement and directors of the company; and (3) provide reasonable assurance regarding prevention or timely detection of unauthorized acquisition, use, or disposition of the company'scompany’s assets that could have a material effect on the consolidated financial statements.

Because of its inherent limitations, internal control over financial reporting may not prevent or detect misstatements. Also, projections of any evaluation of effectiveness to future periods are subject to the risk that controls may become inadequate because of changes in conditions, or that the degree of compliance with the policies or procedures may deteriorate.

In our opinion,
/s/ Moss Adams LLP
San Francisco, California
March 14, 2018

We have served as the consolidated financial statements referred to above present fairly, in all material respects, the consolidated financial positionCompany's auditor since 2004.



March 14, 2018


Management's Report on Internal Control over Financial Reporting

Management of Bank of Marin Bancorp and subsidiary, as(the "Company") is responsible for establishing and maintaining adequate internal control over financial reporting. Internal control over financial reporting is a process designed to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of December 31, 2016 and 2015,financial reporting and the consolidated resultspreparation of their operations and their cash flows each of the three yearsfinancial statements for external purposes in the period ended December 31, 2016, in conformityaccordance with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles ("GAAP"). The Company's internal control over financial reporting includes those policies and procedures that (1) pertain to the maintenance of records that, in reasonable detail, accurately and fairly reflect the United Statestransactions and dispositions of America. Alsothe Company's assets; (2) provide reasonable assurance that transactions are recorded as necessary to permit preparation of financial statements in our opinion, Bankaccordance with GAAP, and that receipts and expenditures are being made only in accordance with authorizations of Marin Bancorp maintained, in allmanagement and board of directors; and (3) provide reasonable assurance regarding prevention, or timely detection and correction of unauthorized acquisition, use, or disposition of the Company's assets that could have a material respects, effectiveeffect on the financial statements.

Management conducted an assessment of the effectiveness of internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2016, based on criteria2017, utilizing the framework established in Internal Control - Integrated Framework (2013) issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission.

/s/ Moss Adams LLP
San Francisco, California
March 13, 2017



504 Redwood Blvd, Suite 100
Novato, CA 94947


March 13, 2017

To the Shareholders:

Management's Report on Internal Control over Financial Reporting and Compliance with Applicable Laws and Regulations

Management of the Bank of Marin Bancorp and its subsidiary (”Bancorp”) is responsible for preparing the Bancorp's annual consolidated financial statements in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles. Management is also responsible for establishing and maintaining internal control over financial reporting, including controls over the preparation of regulatory financial statements, and for complying with the designated safety and soundness laws and regulations pertaining to insider loans and dividend restrictions. Bancorp's internal control contains monitoring mechanisms, and actions are taken to correct deficiencies identified.

There are inherent limitations in the effectiveness of any internal control, including the possibility of human error and the circumvention or overriding of controls. Accordingly, even effective internal control can provide only reasonable assurance with respect to financial statement preparation. Further, because of changes in conditions, the effectiveness of internal control may vary over time.

Management has assessed Bancorp's internal control over financial reporting encompassing both consolidated financial statements prepared in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles and those prepared for regulatory reporting purposes as of December 31, 2016Commission (COSO). The assessment was based on criteria for effective internal control over financial reporting described in Internal Control - Integrated Framework (2013) issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission. Based on this assessment, Management believeshas concluded that as of December 31, 2016, Bancorpthe Company maintained effective internal control over financial reporting encompassing both consolidated financial statements prepared in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles and those prepared for regulatory reporting purposes in all material respects. Management also believes that Bancorp complied with the designated safety and soundness laws and regulations pertaining to insider loans and dividend restrictions during 2016.as of December 31, 2017.

Management's assessment of the effectiveness of Bancorp'sThe Company's independent registered public accounting firm, Moss Adams LLP, has issued an attestation report on our internal control over financial reporting, as of December 31, 2016 has been audited by Moss Adams LLP, an independent registered public accounting firm, which expresses an unqualified opinion as stated in their report which appears on the previous page.




/s/ Russell A. Colombo     
Russell A. Colombo, President and Chief Executive Officer



/s/ Tani Girton     
Tani Girton, EVP and Chief Financial Officer



BANK OF MARIN BANCORP
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CONDITION 
December 31, 20162017 and 20152016
(in thousands, except share data)2016201520172016
Assets 
  
 
Cash and due from banks$48,804
$26,343
$203,545
$48,804
Investment securities 
 
 
 
Held-to-maturity, at amortized cost44,438
69,637
151,032
44,438
Available-for-sale, at fair value372,580
417,787
332,467
372,580
Total investment securities417,018
487,424
483,499
417,018
Loans, net of allowance for loan losses of $15,442 and $14,999 at December 31, 2016 and 2015, respectively1,471,174
1,436,229
Loans, net of allowance for loan losses of $15,767 and $15,442 at December 31, 2017 and 2016, respectively1,663,246
1,471,174
Bank premises and equipment, net8,520
9,305
8,612
8,520
Goodwill6,436
6,436
30,140
6,436
Core deposit intangible2,580
3,113
6,492
2,580
Interest receivable and other assets68,961
62,284
72,620
68,961
Total assets$2,023,493
$2,031,134
$2,468,154
$2,023,493
  
Liabilities and Stockholders' Equity 
 
 
 
Liabilities 
 
 
 
Deposits 
 
 
 
Non-interest bearing$817,031
$770,087
$1,014,103
$817,031
Interest bearing 


 


Transaction accounts100,723
114,277
169,195
100,723
Savings accounts163,516
141,316
178,473
163,516
Money market accounts539,967
541,089
626,783
539,967
Time accounts151,463
161,457
160,116
151,463
Total deposits1,772,700
1,728,226
2,148,670
1,772,700
Federal Home Loan Bank ("FHLB") borrowings
67,000
Subordinated debentures5,586
5,395
5,739
5,586
Interest payable and other liabilities14,644
16,040
16,720
14,644
Total liabilities1,792,930
1,816,661
2,171,129
1,792,930
  
Stockholders' Equity 
 
 
 
Preferred stock, no par value,
Authorized - 5,000,000 shares, none issued




Common stock, no par value,
Authorized - 15,000,000 shares;
Issued and outstanding - 6,127,314 and 6,068,543 at December 31, 2016 and 2015,
respectively
87,392
84,727
Common stock, no par value,
Authorized - 15,000,000 shares;
Issued and outstanding - 6,921,542 and 6,127,314 at December 31, 2017 and
2016, respectively
143,967
87,392
Retained earnings146,464
129,553
155,544
146,464
Accumulated other comprehensive (loss) income, net(3,293)193
Accumulated other comprehensive loss, net(2,486)(3,293)
Total stockholders' equity230,563
214,473
297,025
230,563
Total liabilities and stockholders' equity$2,023,493
$2,031,134
$2,468,154
$2,023,493

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.


BANK OF MARIN BANCORP
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF COMPREHENSIVE INCOME

Years ended December 31, 2017, 2016 2015 and 20142015
(in thousands, except per share amounts)201620152014201720162015
Interest income  
Interest and fees on loans$67,472
$61,754
$64,823
$66,799
$67,472
$61,754
Interest on investment securities 
 
  
 
 
Securities of U.S. government agencies5,155
4,709
4,502
6,463
5,155
4,709
Obligations of state and political subdivisions2,339
2,155
2,273
2,195
2,339
2,155
Corporate debt securities and other256
685
1,031
144
256
685
Interest on federal funds sold and due from banks208
135
161
995
208
135
Total interest income75,430
69,438
72,790
76,596
75,430
69,438
Interest expense 
 
  
 
 
Interest on interest-bearing transaction accounts109
115
99
108
109
115
Interest on savings accounts58
51
46
66
58
51
Interest on money market accounts445
495
550
555
445
495
Interest on time accounts743
853
917
576
743
853
Interest on FHLB and overnight borrowings478
317
315

478
317
Interest on subordinated debentures436
420
422
439
436
420
Total interest expense2,269
2,251
2,349
1,744
2,269
2,251
Net interest income73,161
67,187
70,441
74,852
73,161
67,187
(Reversal of) provision for loan losses(1,850)500
750
Provision for (reversal of) loan losses500
(1,850)500
Net interest income after provision for loan losses75,011
66,687
69,691
74,352
75,011
66,687
Non-interest income 
 
  
 
 
Service charges on deposit accounts1,789
1,979
2,167
1,784
1,789
1,979
Wealth Management and Trust Services2,090
2,391
2,309
2,090
2,090
2,391
Debit card interchange fees1,503
1,445
1,378
1,531
1,503
1,445
Merchant interchange fees449
545
803
398
449
545
Earnings on bank-owned life Insurance844
814
841
845
844
814
Dividends on FHLB stock1,153
1,003
563
766
1,153
1,003
Gains on investment securities, net425
79
80
(Losses) gains on investment securities, net(185)425
79
Other income908
937
900
1,039
908
937
Total non-interest income9,161
9,193
9,041
8,268
9,161
9,193
Non-interest expense 
 
  
 
 
Salaries and related benefits26,663
25,764
25,005
29,958
26,663
25,764
Occupancy and equipment5,081
5,498
5,470
5,472
5,081
5,498
Depreciation and amortization1,822
1,968
1,585
1,941
1,822
1,968
Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation insurance825
997
1,032
666
825
997
Data processing3,625
3,318
3,665
4,906
3,625
3,318
Professional services2,044
2,121
2,230
2,858
2,044
2,121
Directors' expense553
826
628
720
553
826
Information technology862
736
675
769
862
736
Provision for (reversal of) losses on off-balance sheet commitments150
(263)334
Provision for losses on off-balance sheet commitments57
150
(263)
Other expense6,067
5,984
6,639
6,435
6,067
5,984
Total non-interest expense47,692
46,949
47,263
53,782
47,692
46,949
Income before provision for income taxes36,480
28,931
31,469
28,838
36,480
28,931
Provision for income taxes13,346
10,490
11,698
12,862
13,346
10,490
Net income$23,134
$18,441
$19,771
$15,976
$23,134
$18,441
Net income per common share:  
Basic$3.81
$3.09
$3.35
$2.58
$3.81
$3.09
Diluted$3.78
$3.04
$3.29
$2.55
$3.78
$3.04
Weighted average shares:  
Basic6,073
5,966
5,893
6,196
6,073
5,966
Diluted6,115
6,065
6,006
6,273
6,115
6,065
Dividends declared per common share$1.02
$0.90
$0.80
$1.12
$1.02
$0.90
Comprehensive income:



 



 
Net income$23,134
$18,441
$19,771
$15,976
$23,134
$18,441
Other comprehensive income 
Other comprehensive income (loss): 
Change in net unrealized gain or loss on available-for-sale securities(5,658)(1,420)2,939
3,671
(5,679)(1,481)
Reclassification adjustment for (gains) losses on available-for-sale securities included in net income(394)(6)24
Net change in unrealized gain or loss on available-for-sale securities, before tax(6,052)(1,426)2,963
Deferred tax (benefit) expense(2,566)(531)1,203
Other comprehensive (loss) income, net of tax(3,486)(895)1,760
Reclassification adjustment for losses (gains) on available-for-sale securities in net income185
(394)(6)
Net unrealized loss on securities transferred from available-for-sale to held-to-maturity(3,036)

Amortization of net unrealized losses on securities transferred from available-for-sale to held-to-maturity426
21
61
Subtotal1,246
(6,052)(1,426)
Deferred tax expense (benefit)439
(2,566)(531)
Other comprehensive income (loss), net of tax807
(3,486)(895)
Comprehensive income$19,648
$17,546
$21,531
$16,783
$19,648
$17,546
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.


BANK OF MARIN BANCORP
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTSTATEMENTS OF CHANGES IN STOCKHOLDERS' EQUITY
Years ended December 31, 2017, 2016 2015 and 20142015
(in thousands, except share data)Common Stock
Retained
Earnings

Accumulated Other Comprehensive
 Income (Loss),
Net of Taxes

 Total
Common Stock
Retained
Earnings

Accumulated Other Comprehensive
 Income (Loss),
Net of Taxes

 Total
Shares
Amount
Shares
Amount
Balance at December 31, 20135,877,524
$80,095
$101,464
$(672)$180,887
Net income

19,771

19,771
Other comprehensive income


1,760
1,760
Stock options exercised49,415
1,452


1,452
Excess tax benefit - stock-based compensation
172

��
172
Stock issued under employee stock purchase plan521
23


23
Restricted stock granted8,523




Restricted stock forfeited / cancelled(2,067)



Stock-based compensation - stock options
200


200
Stock-based compensation - restricted stock
246


246
Cash dividends paid on common stock

(4,733)
(4,733)
Stock purchased by directors under director stock plan260
12


12
Stock issued in payment of director fees5,306
236


236
Balance at December 31, 20145,939,482
$82,436
$116,502
$1,088
$200,026
5,939,482
$82,436
$116,502
$1,088
$200,026
Net income

18,441

18,441


18,441

18,441
Other comprehensive loss


(895)(895)


(895)(895)
Stock options exercised37,071
1,139


1,139
37,071
1,139


1,139
Excess tax benefit - stock-based compensation
212


212

212


212
Stock issued under employee stock purchase plan339
17


17
339
17


17
Restricted stock granted15,970




15,970




Restricted stock forfeited / cancelled(450)



(450)



Stock-based compensation - stock options
252


252

252


252
Stock-based compensation - restricted stock
384


384

384


384
Cash dividends paid on common stock

(5,390)
(5,390)

(5,390)
(5,390)
Stock purchased by directors under director stock plan245
12


12
245
12


12
Stock issued in payment of director fees5,295
275


275
5,295
275


275
Stock issued from exercise of warrants70,591




70,591




Balance at December 31, 20156,068,543
$84,727
$129,553
$193
$214,473
6,068,543
$84,727
$129,553
$193
$214,473
Net income

23,134

23,134


23,134

23,134
Other comprehensive loss


(3,486)(3,486)


(3,486)(3,486)
Stock options exercised36,117
1,227


1,227
36,117
1,227


1,227
Excess tax benefit - stock-based compensation
161


161

161


161
Stock issued under employee stock purchase plan621
32


32
621
32


32
Restricted stock granted16,910




16,910




Stock-based compensation - stock options
347


347

347


347
Stock-based compensation - restricted stock
638


638

638


638
Cash dividends paid on common stock

(6,223)
(6,223)

(6,223)
(6,223)
Stock purchased by directors under director stock plan516
26


26
516
26


26
Stock issued in payment of director fees4,607
234


234
4,607
234


234
Balance at December 31, 20166,127,314
$87,392
$146,464
$(3,293)$230,563
6,127,314
$87,392
$146,464
$(3,293)$230,563
Net income

15,976

15,976
Other comprehensive income


807
807
Stock options exercised, net of shares surrendered for cashless exercises and tax withholdings9,266
28


28
Stock issued under employee stock purchase plan512
32


32
Stock issued under employee stock ownership plan ("ESOP")29,547
1,850


1,850
Restricted stock granted16,230




Stock-based compensation - stock options
529


529
Stock-based compensation - restricted stock
742


742
Cash dividends paid on common stock

(6,896)
(6,896)
Stock purchased by directors under director stock plan531
35


35
Stock issued in payment of director fees2,878
188


188
Stock and stock options issued to Bank of Napa shareholders (net of payment for fractional shares of $14 thousand)735,264
53,171


53,171
Balance at December 31, 20176,921,542
$143,967
$155,544
$(2,486)$297,025

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.

BANK OF MARIN BANCORP
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS
Years ended December 31, 2017, 2016 2015 and 20142015
(in thousands)201620152014201720162015
Cash Flows from Operating Activities:  
  
Net income$23,134
$18,441
$19,771
$15,976
$23,134
$18,441
Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash provided by operating activities: 
 
 
 
 
 
(Reversal of) provision for loan losses(1,850)500
750
Provision for (reversal of) loan losses500
(1,850)500
Provision for (reversal of) losses on off-balance sheet commitments150
(263)334
57
150
(263)
Compensation expense--common stock for director fees180
274
270
Write-down of deferred tax assets, net3,017


Noncash contribution expense to employee stock ownership plan1,152


Noncash director compensation expense-common stock197
180
274
Stock-based compensation expense985
636
446
1,271
985
636
Excess tax benefits from exercised stock options(161)(187)(118)
Amortization of core deposit intangible533
619
771
529
533
619
Amortization of investment security premiums, net of accretion of discounts3,212
2,825
2,759
2,912
3,212
2,825
Accretion of discount on acquired loans(1,775)(1,883)(3,906)(902)(1,775)(1,883)
Accretion of discount on subordinated debentures191
210
216
153
191
210
Net amortization of deferred loan origination costs/fees114
(281)(463)65
114
(281)
Write-down of other real estate owned13
40

Gain on sale of investment securities(425)(79)(93)
Other-than-temporary impairment on securities available-for-sale

13
(Gain on sale) write-down of other real estate owned(6)13
40
Loss (gain) on sale of investment securities185
(425)(79)
Depreciation and amortization1,822
1,968
1,585
1,941
1,822
1,968
Loss on disposal of premises and equipment3
4


3
4
Earnings on bank owned life insurance policies(844)(814)(841)(845)(844)(814)
Net change in operating assets and liabilities:  
Interest receivable324
(734)(143)
Interest payable(53)(26)(40)
Deferred rent and other rent-related expenses(254)(4)160
(12)(254)(4)
Other assets257
1,081
(184)
Other liabilities(110)1,355
(2,430)
Interest receivable and other assets(278)581
347
Interest payable and other liabilities1,035
(324)1,142
Net cash provided by operating activities25,446
23,682
18,857
26,947
25,446
23,682
Cash Flows from Investing Activities: 
 
 
 
 
 
Purchase of held-to-maturity securities(2,424)(2,375)
(4,497)(2,424)(2,375)
Purchase of available-for-sale securities(161,374)(287,144)(18,206)(118,666)(161,374)(287,144)
Proceeds from sale of available-for-sale securities68,673
2,099
2,436
55,408
68,673
2,099
Proceeds from sale of held-to-maturity securities1,265
1,015
2,146

1,265
1,015
Proceeds from paydowns/maturities of held-to-maturity securities25,779
47,181
16,793
48,559
25,779
47,181
Proceeds from paydowns/maturities of available-for-sale securities129,669
64,839
46,371
26,333
129,669
64,839
Loans originated and principal collected, net(32,005)(88,123)(88,872)(57,181)(32,005)(88,123)
Purchase of bank owned life insurance policies(2,133)


(2,133)
Purchase of premises and equipment(1,040)(1,418)(2,334)(1,434)(1,040)(1,418)
Proceeds from sale of loan
1,502



1,502
Proceeds from sale of other real estate owned414


Cash acquired from the Bank of Napa acquisition59,779


Purchase of Federal Home Loan Bank stock(1,791)(136)(492)
(1,791)(136)
Cash paid for low income housing investment(301)(718)(494)(902)(301)(718)
Net cash provided by (used in) investing activities24,318
(263,278)(42,652)7,813
24,318
(263,278)
Cash Flows from Financing Activities: 
 
 
 
 
 
Net increase (decrease) in deposits44,474
176,607
(35,483)
Net increase in deposits126,084
44,474
176,607
Proceeds from stock options exercised1,227
1,139
1,452
88
1,388
1,326
Payment of tax withholding for stock options exercised(60)

Federal Home Loan Bank (repayments) borrowings(67,000)52,000


(67,000)52,000
Cash dividends paid on common stock(6,223)(5,390)(4,733)(6,896)(6,223)(5,390)
Proceeds from stock issued under employee and director stock purchase plans58
29
35
Excess tax benefits from exercised stock options161
187
118
Net cash (used in) provided by financing activities(27,303)224,572
(38,611)
Proceeds from stock issued under employee and director stock purchase plans and ESOP765
58
29
Net cash provided by (used in) financing activities119,981
(27,303)224,572
Net increase (decrease) in cash and cash equivalents22,461
(15,024)(62,406)154,741
22,461
(15,024)
Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of period26,343
41,367
103,773
48,804
26,343
41,367
Cash and cash equivalents at end of period$48,804
$26,343
$41,367
$203,545
$48,804
$26,343
Supplemental disclosure of cash flow items, non-cash investing and financing activities:  
Cash paid in interest$2,131
$2,066
$2,185
$1,535
$2,131
$2,066
Cash paid in income taxes$13,365
$9,068
$11,290
$9,761
$13,365
$9,068
Change in unrealized gain on available-for-sale securities$(6,052)$(1,426)$2,963
$1,246
$(6,052)$(1,426)
Stock issued in payment of director fees$234
$275
$236
Stock issued in payment of director fees and to ESOP$1,340
$234
$275
Subscription in low income housing tax credit investment$
$1,023
$1,000
$
$
$1,023
Securities transferred from available-for-sale to held-to-maturity$
$
$14,297
$128,965
$
$
Transfer of loan to loans held-for-sale at fair value$
$1,502
$
$
$
$1,502
Acquisition: Merger consideration - stock and stock options issued to the Bank of Napa shareholders$53,185
$
$
Fair value of assets acquired, excluding cash acquired$245,342
$
$
Fair value of liabilities assumed$251,938
$
$
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.


NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

Note 1:  Summary of Significant Accounting Policies
 
Basis of Presentation: The consolidated financial statements include the accounts of Bank of Marin Bancorp (“Bancorp”), a bank holding company, and its wholly-owned bank subsidiary, Bank of Marin (the “Bank”), a California state-chartered commercial bank. References to “we,” “our,” “us” mean the holding companyBancorp and the Bank that are consolidated for financial reporting purposes. All material intercompany transactions have been eliminated. We have evaluated subsequent events through the date of filing with the Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”) and have determined that there are no subsequent events that require additional recognition or disclosure, except for the transfer of certain investment securities from the available-for-sale category to held-to-maturity as discussed in Note 2, Investment Securities, herein.disclosure.

The NorCal Community Bancorp Trusts I and II, respectively (the "Trusts"), were formed for the sole purpose of issuing trust preferred securities. Bancorp is not considered the primary beneficiary of the Trusts (variable interest entities), therefore the Trusts are not consolidated in our consolidated financial statements, but rather the subordinated debentures are shown as a liability on our consolidated statements of condition (See Note 7, Borrowings). Bancorp's investment in the securities of the Trusts is accounted for under the equity method and is included in interest receivable and other assets on the consolidated statements of condition.

Nature of Operations: Bancorp, headquartered in Novato, CA, conducts business primarily through its wholly-owned subsidiary, the Bank, which provides a wide range of financial services to customers, who are predominantly professionals, small and middle-market businesses, and individuals who work and/or reside in Marin, Sonoma, Napa, San Francisco and Alameda counties. Besides the headquarters office in Novato, CA, the Bank operates ten branches in Marin County, onethree in Napa County, one in San Francisco, fivesix in Sonoma County and three in Alameda County. Our accounting and reporting policies conform to generally accepted accounting principles, general practice, and regulatory guidance within the banking industry. A summary of our significant policies follows.

Cash and Cash Equivalents include cash, due from banks, federal funds sold and other short-term investments with maturity less than three months at the time of origination.

Investment Securities are classified as "held-to-maturity," "trading securities" or "available-for-sale." Investments classified as held-to-maturity are those that we have the ability and intent to hold until maturity and are reported at cost, adjusted for the amortization or accretion of premiums or discounts. Investments held for resale in anticipation of short-term market movements are classified as trading securities and are reported at fair value, with unrealized gains and losses included in earnings. Investments that are neither held-to-maturity nor trading are classified as available-for-sale and are reported at fair value. Unrealized gains and losses for available-for-sale securities, net of related tax, are reported as a separate component of comprehensive income and included in stockholders' equity until realized. For discussion of our methodology in determining fair value, see Note 9, Fair Value of Assets and Liabilities.

Securities transferred from the available-for-sale category to the held-to-maturity category are recorded at fair value at the date of transfer. Unrealized holding gains or losses associated with the transfer of securities from available-for-sale to held-to-maturity are included in the balance of accumulated other comprehensive income (loss), net of tax, in the consolidated balance sheets. These unrealized holding gains or losses are amortized over the remaining life of the security as a yield adjustment in a manner consistent with the amortization or accretion of the original purchase premium or discount on the associated security.

At each financial statement date, we assess whether declines in the fair value of held-to-maturity and available-for-sale securities below their costs are deemed to be other-than-temporary. We consider, among other things, (i) the length of time and the extent to which the fair value has been less than cost, (ii) the financial condition and near-term prospects of the issuer, and (iii) our intent and ability to retain the investment for a period of time sufficient to allow for any anticipated recovery in fair value. Evidence evaluated includes, but is not limited to, the remaining payment terms of the instrument and economic factors that are relevant to the collectability of the instrument, such as: current prepayment speeds, the current financial condition of the issuer(s), industry analyst reports, credit ratings, credit default rates, interest rate trends, the quality of any credit enhancement and the value of any underlying collateral.

For each security in an unrealized loss position ("impaired security"), we assess whether we intend to sell the security or if it is more likely than not that we will be required to sell the security before recovery of its amortized cost basis. If we intend to sell the security or it is more likely than not we will be required to sell the security before recovery of its


amortized cost basis, the entire difference between the investment’s amortized cost basis and its fair value at the balance sheet date is recognized against earnings.

For impaired securities that are not intended for sale and will not be required to be sold prior to recovery of our amortized cost basis, we determine if the impairment has a credit loss component. For both held-to-maturity and available-for-


saleavailable-for-sale securities, if the amount of cash flows expected to be collected are less than the amortized cost, an other-than-temporary impairment shall be considered to have occurred and the credit loss component is recognized against earnings as the difference between present value of the expected future cash flows and the amortized cost. In determining the present value of the expected cash flows, we discount the expected cash flows at the effective interest rate implicit in the security at the date of purchase. The remaining difference between the fair value and the amortized basis is deemed to be due to factors that are not credit related and is recognized in other comprehensive income, net of applicable taxes.

For held-to-maturity securities, if there is no credit loss component, no impairment is recognized. The portion of other-than-temporary impairment recognized in other comprehensive income for credit impaired debt securities classified as held-to-maturity is accreted from other comprehensive income to the amortized cost of the debt security over the remaining life of the debt security in a prospective manner on the basis of the amount and timing of future estimated cash flows.

Premiums and discounts are amortized or accreted over the life of the related security as an adjustment to yield using the effective interest method. In March 2017, the Financial Accounting Standards Board ("FASB") issued ASU No. 2017-08, Receivables - Nonrefundable Fees and Other Costs (Subtopic 310-20): Premium Amortization on Purchased Callable Debt Securities. The amendments in this ASU shorten the amortization period for certain callable debt securities purchased at a premium and require the premium to be amortized to the earliest call date. The ASU is effective for annual periods beginning after December 15, 2018, including interim periods within those periods. We early adopted this ASU effective January 1, 2017, which did not have a material impact on our financial condition and results of operations.

Dividend and interest income are recognized when earned. Realized gains and losses on the sale of securities and credit losses related to other-than-temporary impairment on available-for-sale and held-to-maturity securities are included in non-interest income as gains (losses) on investment securities, net. The specific identification method is used to calculate realized gains and losses on sales of securities.

Originated Loans are reported at the principal amount outstanding net of deferred fees (costs), charge-offs and the allowance for loan losses (“ALLL”). Interest income is accrued daily using the simple interest method. Loans are placed on non-accrual status when Management believes that there is doubt as to the collection of principal or interest, generally when they become contractually past due by ninety days or more with respect to principal or interest, except for loans that are well-secured and in the process of collection. When loans are placed on non-accrual status, any accrued but uncollected interest is reversed from current-period interest income. Non-accrual loans may be returned to accrual status when one of the following occurs:

The borrower has resumed paying the full amount of the principal and interest and we are satisfied with the borrower's financial position. In order to meet this test, we must have received repayment of all past due principal and interest unless the amounts contractually due are reasonably assured of repayment within a reasonable period of time, and there has been a sustained period of repayment performance (generally, six consecutive monthly payments), according to the original contractual terms or modified terms for loans whose contractual terms have been restructured in a manner which grants a concession to a borrower experiencing financial difficulties (“troubled debt restructuring”).
The loan has become well secured and is in the process of collection.

Loan origination fees and commitment fees, offset by certain direct loan origination costs, are deferred and amortized as yield adjustments over the contractual lives of the related loans.

Loan Charge-Off Policy: For all loan types excluding overdraft accounts, we generally make a charge-off determination at or before 90 days past due. A collateral-dependent loan is partially charged down to the fair value of collateral securing it if: (1) it is deemed uncollectable, or (2) it has been classified as a loss by either our internal loan review


process or external examiners. A non-collateral-dependent loan is partially charged down to its net realizable value under the same circumstances. Overdraft accounts are generally charged off when they exceed 60 days past due.

Acquired Loans: Acquired loans are recorded at their estimated fair values at acquisition date in accordance with ASCAccounting Standards Code ("ASC") 805, Business Combinations, factoring in credit losses expected to be incurred over the life of the loan. Accordingly, an allowance for loan losses is not carried over or recorded for acquired loans as of the acquisition date.

We estimated the fair value of acquired loans at the acquisition date based on a discounted cash flow methodology that considered factors including the type of loan and related collateral, risk classification, fixed or variable interest rate, term of loan, whether or not the loan was amortizing, and current discount rates. Loans, except for purchased credit impaired ("PCI") loans, were grouped together according to similar risk characteristics and treated in the aggregate when applying various valuation techniques. Expected cash flows incorporated our best estimate of key assumptions at the time, such as property values, default rates, loss severity and prepayment speeds. Discount rates were based on market rates for new originations of comparable loans, where available, and included adjustments for liquidity


factors. To the extent comparable market rates were not readily available, a discount rate was derived based on the assumptions of market participants' cost of funds, servicing costs and return requirements for comparable risk assets. In either case, the discount rate did not include a factor for credit losses, as that had been considered in estimating the cash flows. The process of calculating fair values of acquired loans, including estimates of losses expected to be incurred over the estimated remaining lives of the loans at acquisition date and ongoing updates to Management's expectation of future cash flows, requires significant subjective judgments and assumptions. The economic environment and lack of market liquidity and transparency are factors that have influenced, and may continue to affect, these assumptions and estimates.

We acquired loans with evidence of significant credit quality deterioration subsequent to their origination and for which it was probable, at acquisition, that we would be unable to collect all contractually required payments. Management applied significant subjective judgment in determining which loans were PCI loans. Evidence of credit quality deterioration as of the purchase date may include data such as past due and nonaccrual status, risk grades and charge-off history. Revolving credit agreements (e.g., home equity lines of credit and revolving commercial loans) where the borrower had revolving rights at acquisition date were not considered PCI loans because the timing and amount of cash flows could not be reasonably estimated.

The difference between the undiscounted expected cash flows expected to be collected and the fair value at acquisition date ("accretable difference") is accreted into interest income at a level yield of return over the estimated remaining life of the PCI loan, provided that the timing and amount of future cash flows is reasonably estimable. The accretable yield is affected by:
 
Changes in interest rate indices for variable rate loans – Expected future cash flows are based on the variable rates in effect at the time of the regular evaluations of cash flows expected to be collected;
 
Changes in prepayment assumptions – Prepayments affect the estimated life of the loans which may change the amount of interest income, and possibly principal, expected to be collected; and
 
Changes in the expected principal and interest payments over the estimated life – Updates to expected cash flows are driven by the credit outlook and actions taken with borrowers. Changes in expected future cash flows from loan modifications are included in the regular evaluations of cash flows expected to be collected.
 
The cash flows expected to be collected are updated each quarter based on current assumptions regarding default rates, loss severities, and other factors that are reflective of current financial conditions of the borrowers and the market conditions. Probable decreases in expected cash flows after acquisition result in impairment recorded as a specific allowance for loan losses or a charge-off to the allowance. Impairment is calculated as the present value of the expected future cash flows on the PCI loan, discounted at the loan's effective interest rate implicit in the loan.

The nonaccretable difference on the date of acquisition is defined as the difference between the contractually required payments and the cash flows expected to be collected, considering the result of prepayments, and is not recorded.

For purposes of accounting for the PCI loans from past business combinations, we elected not to apply the pooling method but to account for these loans individually. Disposals of loans, which may include sales of loans to third parties, receipt of payments in full by the borrower, or foreclosure of the collateral, result in removal of the loan from the PCI


loan portfolio at its carrying amount. If a PCI loan pays off earlier than expected, a gain is recorded as interest income when the payoff amount exceeds the recorded investment.

For acquired loans not considered credit impaired ("non-PCI"), we recognize the entire fair value discount accretion to interest income, based on contractual cash flows using an effective interest rate method for term loans, and on a straight line basis for revolving lines. When a non-PCI loan is placed on non-accrual status subsequent to acquisition, accretion stops until the loan is returned to accrual status. The level of accretion on non-PCI loans varies from period to period due to maturities and early pay-offs of these loans during the reporting periods. Subsequent to acquisition, if the probable and estimable losses for non-PCI loans exceed the amount of the remaining unaccreted discount, the excess is established as an allowance for loan losses.

For further information regarding our acquired loans, see Note 3, Loans and Allowance for Loan Losses.



Allowance for Loan Losses is based upon estimates of loan losses and is maintained at a level considered adequate to provide for probable losses inherent in the loan portfolio. The allowance is increased by provisions for loan losses charged against earnings and reduced by charge-offs, net of recoveries.

In periodic evaluations of the adequacy of the allowance balance, Management considers current economic conditions, known and inherent risks in the portfolio, adverse situations that may affect the borrower's ability to repay, the estimated value of any underlying collateral, our past loan loss experience and other factors. The ALLL is based on estimates, and ultimate losses may vary from current estimates. Our Board of Directors' Asset/Liability Management Committee (“ALCO”) reviews the adequacy of the ALLL at least quarterly.

The overall allowance consists of 1) specific allowances for individually identified impaired loans ("ASC 310-10") and 2) general allowances for pools of loans ("ASC 450-20"), which incorporate quantitative (e.g., historical loan loss rates) and qualitative risk factors (e.g., portfolio growth and trends, credit concentrations, economic and regulatory factors, etc.).

The first component, specific allowances, results from the analysis of identified problem credits and the evaluation of sources of repayment including collateral, as applicable. Through Management's ongoing loan grading and credit monitoring process, individual loans are identified that have conditions indicating the borrower may be unable to pay all amounts due in accordance with the contractual terms. These loans are evaluated for impairment individually by Management. Management considers an originated loan to be impaired when it is probable we will be unable to collect all amounts due according to the contractual terms of the loan agreement. When the fair value of the impaired loan is less than the recorded investment in the loan, the difference is recorded as an impairment through the establishment of a specific allowance. For loans determined to be impaired, the extent of the impairment is measured based on the present value of expected future cash flows discounted at the loan's effective interest rate at origination (for originated loans), based on the loan's observable market price, or based on the fair value of the collateral if the loan is collateral dependent or if foreclosure is imminent. Generally, with problem credits that are collateral dependent, we obtain appraisals of the collateral at least annually. We may obtain appraisals more frequently if we believe the collateral value is subject to market volatility, if a specific event has occurred to the collateral, or if we believe foreclosure is imminent.

The second component is an estimate of the probable inherent losses in each loan pool with similar characteristics. This analysis encompasses the entire loan portfolio, excluding individually identified impaired loans and acquired loans whose purchase discount has not been fully accreted. Under our allowance model, loans are evaluated on a pool basis by federal regulatory reporting codes ("CALL codes" or "segments"), which are further delineated by assigned credit risk ratings, as described in Note 3, Loans and Allowance for Loan Losses. Segments include the following:

Loans secured by real estate:
-     1-4 family residential construction loans
-     Other construction loans and all land development and other land loans
-     Secured by farmland (including residential and other improvements)
-     Revolving, open-end loans secured by 1-4 family residential properties and extended under lines of credit
-     Closed-end loans secured by 1-4 family residential properties, secured by first liens
-     Closed-end loans secured by 1-4 family residential properties, secured by junior liens
-     Secured by multifamily (5 or more) residential properties


-     Loans secured by owner-occupied non-farm nonresidential properties
-     Loans secured by other non-farm nonresidential properties
Loans to finance agricultural production and other loans to farmers
Commercial and industrial loans
Loans to individuals for household, family and other personal expenditures (i.e., consumer loans)
Other loans

The model determines general allowances by loan segment based on quantitative (loss history) and qualitative risk factors. Qualitative internal and external risk factors include, but are not limited to, the following:

Changes in the nature and volume of the loan portfolio.
Changes in the volume and severity of past due loans, the volume of non-accruals loans, and the volume and severity of adversely classified or graded loans.


The existence and effect of individual loan and loan segment concentrations.
Changes in lending policies and procedures, including changes in underwriting standards and collection, charge-off, and recovery practices not considered elsewhere.
Changes in the experience, ability, and depth of lending management and other relevant staff.
Changes in the quality of our systematic loan review processes.
Changes in economic and business conditions, and developments that affect the collectability of the portfolio.
Changes in the value of underlying collateral, where applicable.
The effect of other external factors such as legal and regulatory requirements on the level of estimated credit losses in the portfolio.
The effect of acquisitions of other loan portfolios on our infrastructure, including risk associated with entering new geographic areas as a result of such acquisitions.
The presence of specialized lending segments in the portfolio.

Beginning with the quarter ended March 31, 2016, Management enhanced its methodology for determining the quantitative and qualitative risk factors assigned to unimpaired loans in order to capture historical loss information at the loan level, track loss migration through risk grade deterioration, increase efficiencies related to performing the calculations, and refine how we incorporate environmental and other unique risk elements into our estimation of credit losses. The changes in methodology did not result in a material difference in general allowances. Prior to March 31, 2016, under the Bank's allowance model, each segment was assigned a quantitative loss factor that was primarily based on a rolling twenty-quarter look-back at our historical losses for that particular segment, as well as a number of other assumptions. Under the current methodology, the quantitative risk factor for each segment utilizes the greater of either the historical loss method based on a rolling twenty-four-quarter look-back period or migration analysis loss method based on loss history beginning March 2010.

Under the historical loss method, quarterly loss rates are calculated for each segment by dividing annualized net charge-offs during each quarter by the quarter's average segment balances. The quarterly loss rates are averaged over the entire loss history period. Under the migration analysis method, loss rates are calculated at the risk grade and segment levels by dividing the net charge-off amount by the total segment balance at the beginning of each migration period where the charged-off loan in question was present. Migration loss rates are averaged for each risk grade and segment for the entire loss history period. For each segment, the loss rates that result in the larger of the migration loss reserves or segment historical loss reserves are applied to the current loan balances. Qualitative factors are combined with these quantitative factors at the segment level to arrive at the overall general allowances.

We establish specific allowances to account for credit deterioration for probable decreases in cash flows for PCI loans subsequent to acquisition. The estimated cash flows expected to be collected on PCI loans is updated quarterly and requires the use of key assumptions and estimates based on factors such as the current economic environment, changes in collateral values, loan workout plans, changes in the probability of default, loss severities, and prepayments. Probable decreases in expected cash flows after acquisition result in impairment recorded as a specific allowance for loan losses or a charge-off to the allowance. Impairment is calculated as the present value of the expected future cash flows on the PCI loan, discounted at the loan's effective interest rate implicit in the loan.

While we believe we use the best information available to determine the allowance for loan losses, our results of operations could be significantly affected if circumstances differ substantially from the assumptions used in determining the allowance. A decline in local and national economic conditions, or significant changes in other assumptions, could result in a material increase in the allowance for loan losses and may adversely affect our financial condition and results


of operations. In addition, the determination of the amount of the allowance for loan losses is subject to review by bank regulators as part of their routine examination process, which may result in the establishment of additional allowance for loan losses based upon their judgment of information available to them at the time of their examination.

For further information regarding the allowance for loan losses, see Note 3, Loans and Allowance for Loan Losses.

Allowance for Losses on Off-Balance Sheet Commitments: We make commitments to extend credit to meet the financing needs of our customers in the form of loans or standby letters of credit. We are exposed to credit loss in the event that a decline in credit quality of the borrower leads to nonperformance. We record an allowance for losses on these off-balance sheet commitments based on estimates of probability that these commitments will be drawn upon according to our historical utilization experience on different types of commitments and expected loss severity. This allowance is included in interest payable and other liabilities on the consolidated statements of condition.



Transfers of Financial Assets: We have entered into certain participation agreements with other organizations. We account for these transfers of financial assets as sales when control over the transferred financial assets has been surrendered. Control over transferred assets is deemed to be surrendered when (1) the assets and liabilities have been isolated from us, (2) the transferee has the right to pledge or exchange the assets (or beneficial interests) it received, free of conditions that constrain it from taking advantage of that right, beyond a trivial benefit and (3) we do not maintain effective control over the transferred financial assets or third-party beneficial interests related to those transferred assets. No gain or loss has been recognized by us on the sale of these participation interests in 2017, 2016 2015 and 2014.2015.

Premises and Equipment: Premises and equipment consist of leasehold improvements, furniture, fixtures, software and equipment and are stated at cost, less accumulated depreciation and amortization, which are calculated on a straight-line basis. Furniture and fixtures are depreciated over eight years and equipment is generally depreciated over three to twenty years. Leasehold improvements are amortized over the lesser of their estimated useful lives or the terms of the leases. When assets are sold or otherwise disposed of, the cost and related accumulated depreciation or amortization are removed from the accounts and any resulting gain or loss is recognized in income for the period. The cost of maintenance and repairs is charged to expense as incurred.

Business Combinations: Business combinations are accounted for under the acquisition method of accounting in accordance with ASC 805, Business Combinations. Under the acquisition method the acquiring entity in a business combination recognizes the acquired assets and assumed liabilities at their estimated fair values as of the date of acquisition. Any excess of the purchase price over the fair value of net assets and other identifiable intangible assets acquired is recorded as goodwill. To the extent the fair value of net assets acquired, including other identifiable assets, exceed the purchase price, a bargain purchase gain is recognized. Assets acquired and liabilities assumed from contingencies must also be recognized at fair value, if the fair value can be determined during the measurement period. Results of operations of an acquired business are included in the statementconsolidated statements of operations from the date of acquisition. Acquisition-related costs, including conversion and restructuring charges, are expensed as incurred.

Goodwill and Other Intangible Assets: Goodwill is determined as the excess of the fair value of the consideration transferred, plus the fair value of any noncontrolling interests in the acquiree, over the fair value of the net assets acquired and liabilities assumed as of the acquisition date. Goodwill that arises from a business combination is periodically evaluated for impairment at the reporting unit level, at least annually. Intangible assets with definite useful lives are amortized over their estimated useful lives to their estimated residual values. Core deposit intangible ("CDI") represents the estimated future benefit of deposits related to an acquisition and is booked separately from the related deposits and evaluated periodically for impairment. The core deposit intangibleCDI asset is amortized on an accelerated method over its estimated useful life of ten years. At December 31, 2016,2017, the future estimated amortization expense for the CDI arising from our past acquisitions is as follows:
(in thousands)2017
2018
2019
2020
2021
Thereafter
Total
2018
2019
2020
2021
2022
Thereafter
Total
Core deposit intangible amortization$472
$413
$388
$365
$343
$599
$2,580
$921
$887
$853
$818
$782
$2,231
$6,492

We make a qualitative assessment of whether it is more likely than not that the fair value of a reporting unit where goodwill is assigned is less than its carrying amount before applying a two-step goodwill impairment test.amount. If we conclude that it is more likely than not that the fair value is more than its carrying amount, we do not perform the two-stepno impairment test.is recorded. Goodwill is tested for impairment on an interim basis if circumstances change or an event occurs between annual tests that would more likely than not reduce the fair value


of the reporting unit below its carrying amount. The qualitative assessment includes adverse events or circumstances identified that could negatively affect the reporting units’ fair value as well as positive and mitigating events. Such indicators may include, among others, a significant change in legal factors or in the general business climate, significant change in our stock price and market capitalization, unanticipated competition, and an action or assessment by a regulator. If the fair value of a reporting unit is less than its carrying amount, an impairment charge for the amount by which the carrying amount exceeds the reporting unit's fair value is recognized. The loss recognized should not exceed the total amount of goodwill allocated to that reporting unit.

In January 2017, the FASB issued ASU No. 2017-04, Intangibles - Goodwill and Other (Topic 350): Simplifying the Test for Goodwill Impairment. The ASU is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2019. Early adoption is permitted for interim or annual goodwill impairment tests performed on testing dates after January 1, 2017. We early adopted this ASU effective January 1, 2017, which did not have a material impact on our financial condition and results of operations.

Other Real Estate Owned ("OREO"): OREO is comprised of property acquired through foreclosure, in substance repossession or acceptance of deeds-in-lieu of foreclosure when the related loan receivable is de-recognized. OREO is recorded at fair value of the collateral less estimated costs to sell, establishing a new cost basis, and subsequently accounted for at the lower of cost or fair value less estimated costs to sell. Any shortfall of collateral value from the recorded investment of the related loan is recognized as loss at the time of foreclosure and is charged against the allowance for loan losses. Fair value of collateral is generally based on an independent appraisal of the property.


Revenues and expenses associated with OREO, and subsequent adjustments to the fair value of the property and to the estimated costs of disposal, are realized and reported as a component of non-interest income and expense when incurred.

Bank Owned Life Insurance ("BOLI"): The Bank owns life insurance policies on certain key current and former officers. BOLI is recorded in interest receivable and other assets on the consolidated statements of condition at the amount that can be realized under the insurance contract at the period end, which is the cash surrender value adjusted for other charges or amounts due that are probable at settlement.

Federal Home Loan Bank of San Francisco ("FHLB") Stock: The Bank is a member of the FHLB. Members are required to own a certain amount of stock based on the level of borrowings and other factors. Our investment in FHLB stock is carried at cost and is included as part of interest receivable and other assets on the consolidated statements of condition. We periodically evaluate FHLB stock for impairment based on ultimate recovery of par value. Both cash and stock dividends are reported as non-interest income.

Investments in Low Income Housing Tax Credit Funds: We have invested in limited partnerships that were formed to develop and operate affordable housing projects for low or moderate incomemoderate-income tenants throughout California. Our ownership in each limited partnership is less than two percent. In accordance with ASU No. 2014-01, Investments - Equity Method and Joint Ventures (Topic 323), we elected toWe account for the investments in qualified affordable housing tax credit funds using the proportional amortization method. Under the proportional amortization method, where the initial cost of the investment is amortized in proportion to the tax credits and other tax benefits received and the net investment performance is recognized as part of income tax expense (benefit). Each of the partnerships must meet the regulatory minimum requirements for affordable housing for a minimum 15-year compliance period to fully utilize the tax credits. If the partnerships cease to qualify during the compliance period, the credit may be denied for any period in which the project is not in compliance and a portion of the credit previously taken is subject to recapture with interest. We record an impairment charge if the value of the future tax benefits is less than the carrying value of the investments.

Employee Stock Ownership Plan (“ESOP”): We recognize compensation cost of the ESOP contribution when funds become committed for the purchase of Bancorp's common shares into the ESOP in the year in which the employees render service entitling them to the contribution. If we contribute stock, the compensation cost is the fair value of the shares when they are committed to be released i.e.(i.e., when the number of shares becomes known. Duringknown and formally approved). In 2017, the Bank made only stock contributions to the ESOP. In 2016, 2015 and 2014,2015, the Bank made only cash contributions to the ESOP without leveraging.

Income Taxes: Income taxes reported in the consolidated financial statements are computed based on an asset and liability approach. We recognize the amount of taxes payable or refundable for the current year and we record deferred tax assets and liabilities for future tax consequences attributable to differences between the financial statement carrying amount of existing assets and liabilities and their respective tax bases using enacted tax rates in effect for the year in


which the temporary differences are expected to reverse. We record net deferred tax assets to the extent it is more likely than not that they will be realized. In evaluating our ability to recover the deferred tax assets and the need to establish a valuation allowance against the deferred tax assets, Management considers all available positive and negative evidence, including scheduled reversals of deferred tax liabilities, projected future taxable income, and tax planning strategies. In projecting future taxable income, Management develops assumptions including the amount of future state and federal pretax operating income, the reversal of temporary differences, and the implementation of feasible and prudent tax planning strategies. These assumptions require significant judgment about the forecasts of future taxable income and are consistent with the plans and estimates being used to manage the underlying business. Bancorp files consolidated federal and combined state income tax returns.

We recognize the financial statement effect of a tax position when it is more likely than not, based on the technical merits and all available evidence, that the position will be sustained upon examination, including the resolution through protests, appeals or litigation processes. For tax positions that meet the more-likely-than-not threshold, we measure and record the largest amount of tax benefit that is greater than fifty percent likely of being realized upon ultimate settlement with the taxing authority. The remainder of the benefits associated with tax positions taken is recorded as unrecognized tax benefits, along with any related interest and penalties. Interest and penalties related to unrecognized tax benefits are recorded in tax expense.

In deciding whether or not our tax positions taken meet the more-likely-than-not recognition threshold, we must make judgments and interpretations about the application of inherently complex state and federal tax laws. To the extent tax authorities disagree with tax positions taken by us, our effective tax rates could be materially affected in the period


of settlement with the taxing authorities. Revision of our estimate of accrued income taxes also may result from our own income tax planning, which may affect effective tax rates and results of operations for any reporting period.

We present an unrecognized tax benefit as a reduction of a deferred tax asset for a net operating loss ("NOL") carryforward, or similar tax loss or tax credit carryforward, rather than as a liability, when (1) the uncertain tax position would reduce the NOL or other carryforward under the tax law of the applicable jurisdiction and (2) we intend to and are able to use the deferred tax asset for that purpose. Otherwise, the unrecognized tax benefit is presented as a liability instead of being netted with deferred tax assets.

Earnings per share (“EPS”) are based upon the weighted average number of common shares outstanding during each year. The following table shows: 1) weighted average basic shares, 2) potentially dilutive weighted average common shares related to stock options, unvested restricted stock awards and stock warrant, and 3) weighted average diluted shares. Basic EPS are calculated by dividing net income by the weighted average number of common shares outstanding during each annual period, excluding unvested restricted stock awards. Diluted EPS are calculated using the weighted average number of potentially dilutive common shares. The number of potentially dilutive common shares included in quarterly diluted EPS is computed using the average market prices during the three months included in the reporting period under the treasury stock method. The number of potentially dilutive common shares included in year-to-date diluted EPS is a year-to-date weighted average of potentially dilutive common shares included in each quarterly diluted EPS computation. In computing diluted EPS, we exclude anti-dilutive shares such as options whose exercise prices exceed the current common stock price as they would not reduce EPS under the treasury method. We have two forms of our outstanding common stock: common stock and unvested restricted stock awards. Holders of unvested restricted stock awards receive non-forfeitable dividends at the same rate as common shareholders and they both share equally in undistributed earnings. Under the two-class method, the difference in EPS is not significantnominal for these participating securities.
(in thousands, except per share data)2016
2015
2014
2017
2016
2015
Weighted average basic shares outstanding6,073
5,966
5,893
6,196
6,073
5,966
Potentially dilutive common shares related to:  
Stock options34
41
43
62
34
41
Unvested restricted stock awards8
5
5
15
8
5
Warrant
53
65


53
Weighted average diluted shares outstanding6,115
6,065
6,006
6,273
6,115
6,065
Net income$23,134
$18,441
$19,771
$15,976
$23,134
$18,441
Basic EPS$3.81
$3.09
$3.35
$2.58
$3.81
$3.09
Diluted EPS$3.78
$3.04
$3.29
$2.55
$3.78
$3.04
Weighted average anti-dilutive shares not included in the calculation of diluted EPS64
36
45
21
64
36



Share-Based Compensation: All share-based payments, including stock options and restricted stock, are recognized as stock-based compensation expense in the statements of comprehensive income based on the grant-date fair value of the award with a corresponding increase in common stock. The grant-date fair value of the award is amortized on a straight-line basis over the requisite service period, which is generally the vesting period. The stock-based compensation expense excludes stock grants to directors as compensation for their services, which are recognized as director expenses separately based on the grant-date value of the stock. See Note 8, Stockholders' Equity and Stock Option Plans for further discussion.

We determine fair value of stock options at the grant date using a Black-Scholes pricing model that takes into account the stock price at the grant date, the exercise price, the expected life of the option, the volatility of the underlying stock, the expected dividend yield and the risk-free interest rate over the expected life of the option. The expected term of options granted is derived from historical data on employee exercises and post-vesting employment termination behavior. The risk-free rate for periods within the expected life of the option is based on the U.S. Treasury yield curve in effect at the time of the grant. Expected volatility is based on the historical volatility of the common stock over the most recent period that is generally commensurate with the expected life of the options. In addition, we estimate forfeitures based on historical forfeiture experience and expense is recognized only for those shares expected to vest. The Black-Scholes option valuation model requires the input of highly subjective assumptions, including the expected life of the stock-based award and stock price volatility. The assumptions used represent Management's best estimates based on historical information, but these estimates involve inherent uncertainties and the application of Management's judgment. As a result, if other assumptions had been used, the recorded stock-based compensation expense could


have been materially different from that recorded in the consolidated financial statements. The fair value of restricted stock is based on the stock price on grant date.

In March 2016, the FASB issued ASU No. 2016-09, Compensation - Stock Compensation (Topic 718): Improvements to Employee Share-Based Payment Accounting ("ASU 2016-09"). This ASU identifies areas for simplification involving several aspects of accounting for share-based payment transactions, including the income tax consequences, classification of awards as equity or liabilities, forfeiture accounting, and classifications on the statement of cash flows. We adopted the requirements of this ASU effective January 1, 2017, which impacted the following areas:

Forfeiture rates: We have elected to account for forfeitures as they occur. Previously, we accounted for forfeitures based on an estimate of the number of awards expected to vest. The policy change was applied using a modified retrospective approach and did not have a material effect on our financial condition or results of operations.

Income taxes: We have recorded excess tax benefits (deficiencies) resulting from the exercise of non-qualified stock options, the disqualifying disposition of incentive stock options and vesting of restricted stock awards as tax benefits (expense) in the consolidated statements of comprehensive income with a corresponding decrease (increase) to current taxes payable. Prior to the adoption of this ASU, excess tax benefits (deficiencies) were recognized as an increase (decrease) to common stock in the consolidated statements of changes in stockholders' equity. In addition, we have reflected excess tax benefits as an operating activity in the consolidated statements of cash flows. Prior to the adoption of this ASU, excess tax benefits were reflected as a financing activity. We applied the amendment prospectively and did not reclassify cash flows from operating and financing activities in the prior period consolidated financial statements. For the year ended December 31, 2017, we recognized $214 thousand in excess tax benefits recorded as a reduction to income tax expense.

Statutory tax withholding: Cash paid for tax withholdings when shares are surrendered in a cashless stock option exchange has been classified as a financing activity in the consolidated statements of cash flows. There were no shares surrendered for tax withholdings prior to the adoption of ASU 2016-09.

Derivative Financial Instruments and Hedging Activities - Fair Value Hedges: All of our interest rate swap contracts are designated and qualified as fair value hedges. The terms of our interest rate swap contracts are closely aligned to the terms of the designated fixed-rate loans. The hedging relationships are tested for effectiveness on a quarterly basis. The interest rate swaps are carried on the consolidated statements of condition at their fair value in other assets (when the fair value is positive) or in other liabilities (when the fair value is negative). The changes in the fair value of the interest rate swaps are recorded in interest income. The unrealized gains or losses due to changes in fair value of the hedged fixed-rate loans are recorded as an adjustment to the hedged loans and offset in interest income. For derivative instruments executed with the same counterparty under a master netting arrangement, we do not offset fair value amounts of interest rate swaps in liability positionpositions with the ones in asset position.positions.



From time to time, we make firm commitments to enter into long-term fixed-rate loans with borrowers backed by yield maintenance agreements and simultaneously enter into forward interest rate swap agreements with correspondent banks to mitigate the change in fair value of the yield maintenance agreement. Prior to loan funding, yield maintenance agreements with net settlement features that meet the definition of a derivative are considered as non-designated hedges and are carried on the consolidated statements of condition at their fair value in other assets (when the fair value is positive) or in other liabilities (when the fair value is negative). The offsetting changes in the fair value of the forward swap and the yield maintenance agreement are recorded in interest income. When the fixed-rate loans are originated, the forward swaps are designated to offset the change in fair value in the loans. Subsequent to the point of the swap designations, the fair value of the related yield maintenance agreements are no longer considered derivatives. Their fair value at the designation date was recorded in other assets and is amortized using the effective yield method over the life of the respective designated loans.

The net effect of the change in fair value of interest rate swaps, the amortization of the yield maintenance agreement and the change in the fair value of the hedged loans result in an insignificant amount of hedge ineffectiveness recognized in interest income. For further detail, see Note 14, Derivative Financial Instruments and Hedging Activities.

Advertising Costs are expensed as incurred. For the years ended December 31, 20162017, 20152016, and 20142015, advertising costs totaled $565567 thousand, $334565 thousand, and $400334 thousand, respectively.

Comprehensive Income includes net income, and changes in the unrealized gaingains or loss oflosses on available-for-sale investment securities, and amortization of net unrealized gains or losses on securities transferred from available-for-sale to held-to-maturity, net of related taxes, reported on the consolidated statements of comprehensive income and as components of stockholders' equity.

Fair Value Measurements: We use fair value measurements to record fair value adjustments to certain assets and liabilities and to determine fair value disclosures. We base our fair values on the price that would be received to sell an asset or paid to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction between market participants at the measurement date. Securities available-for-sale and derivatives are recorded at fair value on a recurring basis. Additionally, from time to time, we may be required to record certain assets and liabilities at fair value on a non-recurring basis, such as purchased loans and acquired deposits recorded at acquisition date, certain impaired loans, other real estate owned and securities held-to-maturity that are other-than-temporarily impaired. These non-recurring fair value adjustments typically involve write-downs of individual assets due to application of lower-of-cost or market accounting.

When we develop our fair value measurement process, we maximize the use of observable inputs. Whenever there is no readily available market data, we use our best estimates and assumptions in determining fair value, but these estimates involve inherent uncertainties and the application of Management's judgment. As a result, if other assumptions had been used, our recorded earnings or disclosures could have been materially different from those reflected in these consolidated financial statements.

For detailed information on our use of fair value measurements and our related valuation methodologies, see Note 9, Fair Value of Assets and Liabilities.

Use of Estimates: The preparation of financial statements in conformity with generally accepted accounting principles in the United States of America requires Management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosure of contingent amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting


period. Actual results could differ from those estimates. Significant accounting estimates reflected in the consolidated financial statements include ALLL, other-than-temporary impairment of investment securities, accrued liabilities, accounting for income taxes and fair value measurements (including fair values of acquired assets and assumed liabilities at acquisition dates) as discussed in the Notes herein.

Recently Adopted and Issued Accounting Standards

In April 2015,May 2014, the FASB issued ASU No. 2015-05, Intangibles - Goodwill and Other - Internal-Use Software (Subtopic 350-40) Customer's Accounting for Fees Paid in a Cloud Computing Arrangement. This ASU was further clarified in December 2015 by ASU No. 2015-19, Technical Corrections and Improvements. These amendments provide guidance about a customer's accounting for fees paid in a cloud computing arrangement. If a cloud computing arrangement includes a software license, then the customer should account for the software license element of the arrangement as an intangible asset. If a cloud computing arrangement does not include a software license, then the customer should account for the arrangement as a service contract. The two criteria that must be met to be considered a software license are: 1) the customer has the contractual right to take possession of the software at any time during the hosting period without significant penalty; and 2) it is feasible for the customer to either run the software on its own hardware or contract with another party unrelated to the vendor to host the software. We adopted the accounting standards on a prospective basis during the first quarter of 2016 with no material impact on our financial condition or results of operations.

In May 2014, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (FASB) issued Accounting Standards Update (ASU) No. 2014-09, Revenue from Contracts with Customers (Topic 606). This ASU is a converged standard involving FASB and International Financial Reporting Standards that provides a single comprehensive revenue recognition model for all contracts with customers across transactions and industries. The core principalprinciple of the guidance is that an entity should recognize revenue to depict the transfer of promised goods or services to customers in an amount and at a time that reflects the consideration to which the entity expects to be


entitled in exchange for those goods or services. Subsequent updates related to Revenue from Contracts with Customers (Topic 606) are as follows:

August 2015 ASU No. 2015-14 - Deferral of the Effective Date, institutes a one-year deferral of the effective date of this amendment to interim and annual reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2017. Early application is permitted only as of annual periods beginning after December 15, 2016, including interim reporting periods within that reporting period.
March 2016 ASU No. 2016-08 - Principal versus Agent Considerations (Reporting Revenue Gross versus Net), clarifies the implementation guidance on principal versus agent considerations and on the use of indicators that assist an entity in determining whether it controls a specified good or service before it is transferred to the customer.
April 2016 ASU No. 2016-10 - Identifying Performance Obligations and Licensing, provides guidance in determining performance obligations in a contract with a customer and clarifies whether a promise to grant a license provides a right to access or the right to use intellectual property.
May 2016 ASU No. 2016-12 - Narrow Scope Improvements and Practical Expedients, gives further guidance on assessing collectability, presentation of sales taxes, noncash consideration, and completed contracts and contract modifications at transition.
December 2016 ASU No. 2016-20 - Technical Corrections and Improvements to Topic 606, further clarifies specific aspects of previously issued guidance or corrects unintended application of the guidance.

Our revenue is mainly comprised of net interest income on financial assets and financial liabilities,instruments, which is explicitly excluded from the scope of ASU 2014-09. We have identified applicable sources of non-interest income and are gathering and reviewing related contracts and evaluating their potential impact to our revenue recognition under the new standards. While the recognition of certain revenue arrangements of components of our non-interest income may be affected by the ASU, we do not expect it to have a material impact on our financial condition and results of operations.

In January 2016, the FASB issued ASU No. 2016-01, Financial Instruments - Overall (Subtopic 825-10): Recognition and Measurement of Financial Assets and Financial Liabilities. The amendments in this ASU make improvements to accounting standards related to financial instruments, including the following:
Requires equity investments, except for those accounted for under the equity method of accounting or those that result in consolidation of the investee, to be measured at fair value with changes in fair value recognized


in net income. However, an entity may choose to measure equity investments that do not have readily determinable fair values at cost minus impairment, if any, plus or minus changes resulting from observable price changes in orderly transactions for the identical or a similar investment of the same issuer.
Simplifies the impairment assessment of equity investments without readily determinable fair values by requiring a qualitative assessment to identify impairment. When impairment exists, an entity is required to measure the investment at fair value.
Eliminates the requirement to disclose the method(s) and significant assumptions used to estimate the fair value that is currently required to be disclosed for financial instruments measured at amortized cost on the consolidated balance sheet.
Requires public companies to use the exit price notion when measuring the fair value of financial instruments for disclosure purposes.
Requires separate presentation of financial assets and financial liabilities by measurement category and form of financial asset (i.e., securities or loans and receivables) on the balance sheet or the accompanying notes to the financial statements.
Clarifies that an entity should evaluate the need for a valuation allowance on a deferred tax asset related to available-for-sale securities in combination with the entity's other deferred tax assets.

ASU 2016-01 is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2017, including interim periods within those fiscal years. This ASU may affect our financial statement presentation and related footnotes, but we do not expect it to have a material impact on our financial condition or results of operations.



In February 2016, the FASB issued ASU No. 2016-02, Leases (Topic 842). The amendments in this ASU intend to increase transparency and comparability among organizations by recognizing an asset, which represents the right to use the asset for the lease term, and a lease liability, which is a lessee's obligation to make lease payments measured on a discounted basis. This ASU generally applies to leasing arrangements exceeding a twelve month term. ASU 2016-02 is effective for annual periods, including interim periods within those annual periods beginning after December 15, 2018 and requires a modified retrospective method of adoption. Early application of the amendments is permitted. We intend to adopt this ASU during the first quarter of 2019, as required, and are currently evaluatingcontinuing to evaluate our lease agreements and potential accounting solutions.software solutions as they become available. As of December 31, 2016,2017, our undiscounted operating lease obligations that were off-balance sheet totaled $21.1$18.8 million (See Note 12, Commitments and Contingencies). Upon adoption of this ASU, the present values of leases currently classified as operating leases will be recognized as lease assets and liabilities on our consolidated balance sheet.sheets. Additional disclosures of key information about our leasing arrangements will also be required. We do not expect that the ASU will have a material impact on our capital ratios or return on average assets when adopted and we are currently evaluating the effect that the ASU will have on other components of our financial condition and results of operations.

In March 2016, the FASB issued ASU No. 2016-05, Derivatives and Hedging (Topic 815): Effect of Derivative Contract Novations on Existing Hedge Accounting Relationships. A contract novation refers to replacing one of the parties to a derivative instrument with a new party. This ASU clarifies that a change in counterparty in a derivative instrument does not, in and of itself, require dedesignation of that hedging relationship and therefore discontinue the application of hedge accounting. ASU 2016-05 is effective for financial statements issued for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2016, and interim periods within those fiscal years. We have evaluated the requirements of this ASU and have determined that it will not have a material impact on our financial condition or results of operations upon adoption in the first quarter of 2017.

In March 2016, the FASB issued ASU No. 2016-09, Compensation - Stock Compensation (Topic 718): Improvements to Employee Share-Based Payment Accounting. This ASU identifies areas for simplification involving several aspects of accounting for share-based payment transactions, including the income tax consequences, classification of awards as either equity or liabilities, forfeiture accounting, and classifications on the statement of cash flows. ASU 2016-09 is effective for annual periods beginning after December 15, 2016, and interim periods within those annual periods. We have implemented the requirements of this ASU and have elected to change our accounting policy to recognize forfeitures as they occur starting January 1, 2017, which might cause earnings volatility in the future if there are material forfeitures. ASU 2016-09 also requires that all income tax effects related to settlements of share-based payment awards be reported in earnings as an increase (or decrease) to income tax expense. Previously, income tax benefits at settlement of an award were reported as an increase (or decrease) to stockholders' equity to the extent that those


benefits were greater than (or less than) the income tax benefits recognized in earnings during the award's vesting period. The requirement to report those income tax effects in earnings will be applied to settlements occurring on or after January 1, 2017. These changes and those of the remaining provisions of ASU 2016-09 are not expected to have significant impact on our financial condition and results of operations.

In June 2016, the FASB issued ASU No. 2016-13, Financial Instruments - Credit Losses (Topic 326): Measurement of Credit Losses on Financial Instruments. Under the new guidance, entities will be required to measure expected credit losses by utilizing forward-looking information to assess an entity's allowance for credit losses. The measurement of expected credit losses iswill be based on historical experience, current conditions and reasonable and supportable forecasts that affect the collectability of a credit over its remaining life. In addition, the ASU amends the accounting for potential credit losses on available-for-sale debt securities and purchased financial assets with credit deterioration. ASU 2016-13 is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2019, including interim periods within those fiscal years. Early adoption is permitted for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2018, including interim periods within those fiscal years. As discussed previously under Allowance For Loan Losses, Management refinedWe have formed an internal Current Expected Credit Loss ("CECL") committee and are working with our allowance for loan loss model in 2016third party vendor to determine the appropriate methodologies and enhanced our loan-level data collection and methodology for analyzing credit lossesresources to utilize in preparation for transition to the new accounting standards. We will continue our evaluation of the provisions of this ASU and will be monitoring developments, additional guidance and the potential outcome the amendments will have on our financial condition and results of operations upon adoption in the first quarter of 2020.

In August 2016, the FASB issued ASU No. 2016-15, Statement of Cash Flows (Topic 230): Classification of Certain Cash Receipts and Cash Payments. This ASU provides guidance on how to present and classify eight specific cash flow topics in the statement of cash flows. The ASU is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2017, and interim periods within those fiscal years. Early adoption is permitted, including adoption in an interim period. The amendments should be applied using a retrospective transition method to each period presented, if practical. This ASU may affect our financial statement presentation of certain cash flows and their categorization as operating, investing or financing activities in the consolidated statements of cash flows, but we do not expect it to have a material impact on our financial condition statements of cash flows, or results of operations.

In January 2017, the FASB issued ASU No. 2017-01, Business Combinations (Topic 805): Clarifying the Definition of a Business. The amendments are intended to help companies evaluate whether transactions should be accounted for as acquisitions (or disposals) of assets or businesses and provide a more robust framework to use in determining when a set of assets and activities is a business. The amendments are effective for annual periods after December 31, 2017, including interim periods within those periods. The amendments will be adopted prospectively. We will consider these amendments in our evaluation of the accounting for any future business acquisitions or disposals of assets, upon adoption in first quarter of 2018.asset disposals.

In JanuaryMay 2017, the FASB issued ASU No. 2017-04,2017-09, IntangiblesCompensation - Goodwill and OtherStock Compensation (Topic 350)718): Simplifying the Test for Goodwill ImpairmentScope of Modification Accounting. This amendment simplifies how an entity is requiredASU applies to test goodwillentities that change the terms or conditions of a share-based payment award. The FASB adopted this ASU to provide clarity in what constitutes a modification and to reduce diversity in practice in applying Topic 718. In order for impairment by eliminating Step 2 froma change to a share-based arrangement to not require Topic 718 modification accounting treatment, all of the goodwill impairment test, which would measure a goodwill impairment loss by comparing the impliedfollowing must be met: no change in fair value, no change in vesting conditions and no change in the balance sheet classification of goodwill with the carrying amount of that goodwill. Instead, an entity will perform only Step 1 of its quantitative goodwill impairment test by comparing the fair value of a reporting unit with its carrying amount, and then recognizing an impairment charge for the amount by which the carrying amount exceeds the reporting unit's fair value. The loss recognized should not exceed the total amount of goodwill allocated to that reporting unit. The new guidance does not amend the optional qualitative assessment of goodwill impairment, which Bancorp currently uses.modified award. The ASU is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2019.2017, including interim periods within those periods. Early adoption is permitted, forincluding adoption in an interim period. The amendments should be applied prospectively to an award modified on or annual goodwill impairment tests performed on testing dates after January 1, 2017.the adoption date. We anticipate thatdo not expect this ASU to have a material impact on our financial condition or results of operations.

In August 2017, the FASB issued ASU No. 2017-12, Derivatives and Hedging (Topic 815): Targeted Improvements to Accounting for Hedging Activities. This amendment changes both the designation and measurement guidance for qualifying hedging relationships and the presentation of hedge results. It is intended to more closely align hedge accounting with companies' risk management strategies, simplify the application of hedge accounting, and increase


transparency as to the scope and results of hedging programs. The ASU is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2018, and interim periods within those fiscal years. Early adoption is permitted, including adoption in an interim period. The amended presentation and disclosure guidance will simplifybe required prospectively. We expect this amendment to affect the presentation of our evaluation of the impairment of goodwill andhedging activities, but we do not expect it to have a material impact on our financial condition andor results of operations.

In February 2018, the FASB issued ASU No. 2018-02, Income Statement - Reporting Comprehensive Income (Topic 220): Reclassification of Certain Tax Effects from Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income. This amendment helps organizations address certain stranded income tax effects in accumulated other comprehensive income (AOCI) resulting from the enactment of the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act of 2017. The ASU requires financial statement preparers to disclose a description of the accounting policy for releasing income tax effects from AOCI, whether they elect to reclassify the stranded income tax effects from the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act of 2017 and information about the other income tax effects that are reclassified. The amendments are effective for all organizations for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2018, and interim periods within those fiscal years. Early adoption is permitted. The amendments in this ASU should be applied either in the period of adoption or retrospectively to each period (or periods) in which the effect of the change in the U.S. federal corporate tax rate in the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act of 2017 is recognized. We are early adopting this ASU in the first quarter of 2018 by reclassifying $637 thousand from AOCI to retained earnings. This amount represents the stranded income tax effects related to the unrealized loss on available-for-sale securities in AOCI on the date of the enactment of the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act of 2017.

Note 2:  Investment Securities
 
Our investment securities portfolio consists of obligations of state and political subdivisions, corporate bonds, U.S. government agency securities, including mortgage-backed securities (“MBS”) and collateralized mortgage obligations (“CMOs”) issued or guaranteed by Federal National Mortgage Association ("FNMA"), Federal Home Loan Mortgage Corporation ("FHLMC"), or Government National Mortgage Association ("GNMA"), Small Business Administration ("SBA") backed securities, debentures issued by government-sponsored agencies such as FNMA, Federal Farm Credit Bureau, FHLB and FHLMC, as well as privately issued CMOs, as reflected in the table below:

 December 31, 2017December 31, 2016
 Amortized
Fair
Gross UnrealizedAmortized
Fair
Gross Unrealized
(in thousands)Cost
Value
Gains
(Losses)
Cost
Value
Gains
(Losses)
Held-to-maturity:        
  Obligations of state and
  political subdivisions
$19,646
$19,998
$383
$(31)$30,856
$31,544
$694
$(6)
  Corporate bonds



3,519
3,518

(1)
MBS pass-through securities issued by FHLMC and FNMA100,376
100,096
234
(514)10,063
10,035
126
(154)
  CMOs issued by FHLMC31,010
30,938
2
(74)



Total held-to-maturity151,032
151,032
619
(619)44,438
45,097
820
(161)
Available-for-sale:        
Securities of U.S. government agencies:        
MBS pass-through securities issued by FHLMC and FNMA65,559
65,262
126
(423)193,384
189,959
145
(3,570)
SBA-backed securities25,979
25,982
58
(55)614
607

(7)
CMOs issued by FNMA35,340
35,125
33
(248)13,790
13,772
91
(109)
CMOs issued by FHLMC70,514
69,889
3
(628)43,452
42,758
37
(731)
CMOs issued by GNMA17,953
17,785
26
(194)6,844
6,945
102
(1)
Debentures of government- sponsored agencies12,940
12,938
3
(5)35,486
35,403
7
(90)
Privately issued CMOs1,432
1,431
1
(2)419
419
1
(1)
Obligations of state and
political subdivisions
98,027
97,491
298
(834)79,306
77,701
135
(1,740)
Corporate bonds6,541
6,564
26
(3)4,959
5,016
57

Total available-for-sale334,285
332,467
574
(2,392)378,254
372,580
575
(6,249)
Total investment securities$485,317
$483,499
$1,193
$(3,011)$422,692
$417,677
$1,395
$(6,410)

 December 31, 2016December 31, 2015
 Amortized
Fair
Gross UnrealizedAmortized
Fair
Gross Unrealized
(in thousands)Cost
Value
Gains
(Losses)
Cost
Value
Gains
(Losses)
Held-to-maturity:        
  Obligations of state and
  political subdivisions
$30,856
$31,544
$694
$(6)$42,919
$44,146
$1,246
$(19)
  Corporate bonds3,519
3,518

(1)15,072
15,098
42
(16)
MBS pass-through securities issued by FHLMC and FNMA10,063
10,035
126
(154)11,646
11,810
171
(7)
Total held-to-maturity44,438
45,097
820
(161)69,637
71,054
1,459
(42)
Available-for-sale:        
Securities of U.S. government agencies:        
MBS pass-through securities issued by FHLMC and FNMA193,998
190,566
145
(3,577)138,222
138,462
694
(454)
CMOs issued by FNMA13,790
13,772
91
(109)18,266
18,219
97
(144)
CMOs issued by FHLMC43,452
42,758
37
(731)22,889
22,932
82
(39)
CMOs issued by GNMA6,844
6,945
102
(1)10,326
10,480
169
(15)
Debentures of government- sponsored agencies35,486
35,403
7
(90)161,690
160,892
28
(826)
Privately issued CMOs419
419
1
(1)3,960
4,150
190

Obligations of state and
political subdivisions
79,306
77,701
135
(1,740)57,110
57,673
580
(17)
Corporate bonds4,959
5,016
57

4,947
4,979
43
(11)
Total available-for-sale378,254
372,580
575
(6,249)417,410
417,787
1,883
(1,506)
Total investment securities$422,692
$417,677
$1,395
$(6,410)$487,047
$488,841
$3,342
$(1,548)


The amortized cost and fair value of investment debt securities by contractual maturity at December 31, 20162017 are shown below. Expected maturities may differ from contractual maturities if the issuers of the securities have the right to call or prepay obligations with or without call or prepayment penalties.
December 31, 2016December 31, 2015December 31, 2017December 31, 2016
Held-to-MaturityAvailable-for-SaleHeld-to-MaturityAvailable-for-SaleHeld-to-MaturityAvailable-for-SaleHeld-to-MaturityAvailable-for-Sale
(in thousands)Amortized Cost
Fair Value
Amortized Cost
Fair Value
Amortized Cost
Fair Value
Amortized Cost
Fair Value
Amortized Cost
Fair Value
Amortized Cost
Fair Value
Amortized Cost
Fair Value
Amortized Cost
Fair Value
Within one year$13,473
$13,506
$20,136
$20,109
$18,853
$18,920
$12,135
$12,176
$2,151
$2,172
$10,268
$10,272
$13,473
$13,506
$20,136
$20,109
After one but within five years16,706
17,150
58,334
58,267
31,677
32,360
188,007
187,326
15,577
15,791
71,576
71,237
16,706
17,150
58,334
58,267
After five years through ten years3,000
3,125
113,576
110,842
8,580
8,969
64,899
64,999
54,641
54,554
129,723
128,954
3,000
3,125
113,576
110,842
After ten years11,259
11,316
186,208
183,362
10,527
10,805
152,369
153,286
78,663
78,515
122,718
122,004
11,259
11,316
186,208
183,362
Total$44,438
$45,097
$378,254
$372,580
$69,637
$71,054
$417,410
$417,787
$151,032
$151,032
$334,285
$332,467
$44,438
$45,097
$378,254
$372,580

Sales of investment securities and gross gains and losses are shown in the following table. The sales of the held-to-maturity securities were due to evidence of significant deterioration of the issuers' creditworthiness since purchase.
(in thousands)201620152014201720162015
Available-for-sale:  
Sales proceeds$68,673
$2,099
$2,436
$55,408
$68,673
$2,099
Gross realized gains$458
$7
$4
$46
$458
$7
Gross realized losses$(64)$(1)$(28)$(231)$(64)$(1)
Held-to-maturity:  
Sales proceeds$1,265
$1,015
$2,146
$
$1,265
$1,015
Gross realized gains$32
$73
$104
$
$32
$73
Gross realized losses$
$
$
$
$
$
        
Investment securities carried at $109.1 million and $87.9 million at December 31, 2016 and 2015, respectively, were pledged with the State of California: $108.3 million million and $87.1 million to secure public deposits in compliance with the Local Agency Security Program at December 31, 2016 and 2015, respectively, and $822 thousand and $840 thousand to provide collateral for trust deposits. In addition,Pledged investment securities carried at $2.1 million and $1.1 million were pledged to collateralize a Wealth Management and Trust Services (“WMTS”) checking account at December 31, 2016 and 2015, respectively.are shown in the following table:
(in thousands)December 31, 2017December 31, 2016
Pledged to the State of California:  
   Secure public deposits in compliance with the Local Agency Security Program$107,829
$108,304
   Collateral for trust deposits761
822
      Total investment securities pledged to the State of California$108,590
$109,126
Collateral for Wealth Management and Trust Services ("WMTS') checking account$2,026
$2,146

As part of our ongoing review of our investment securities portfolio, we reassessed the classification of certain MBS pass-through and CMOs securities issued by FHLMC and FNMA. Effective February 24,During 2017, we transferred $129 million of these securities, which we intend and have the ability to hold to maturity, from available-for-sale securities to held-to-maturity at fair value. The net unrealized pre-tax losslosses of $3.0 million at the date of transfer remained in accumulated other comprehensive income and isare amortized over the remaining lives of the securities. Amortization of the net unrealized pre-tax losses totaled $426 thousand in 2017, and $21 thousand and $61 thousand in 2016 and 2015, respectively, for securities transferred from available-for-sale to held-to-maturity in 2014. There were no securities transferred from available-for-sale to held to maturity in 2016 or 2015.

Other-Than-Temporarily Impaired ("OTTI") Debt Securities
 
We have evaluated the credit of our investment securities and their issuers and/or insurers. Based on our evaluation, Management has determined that no investment security in our investment portfolio is other-than-temporarily impaired as of December 31, 2016.2017. We do not have the intent and it is more likely than not that we will not have to sell the remaining securities temporarily impaired at December 31, 20162017 before recovery of the amortized cost basis.
 


One hundred thirty-fourThere were 198 and fifty-four investment134 securities were in unrealized loss positions at December 31, 20162017 and 2015,2016, respectively. Those securities are summarized and classified according to the duration of the loss period in the tables below:
December 31, 2016< 12 continuous months  ≥ 12 continuous months  
Total securities
 in a loss position
 
December 31, 2017< 12 continuous months  ≥ 12 continuous months  
Total securities
 in a loss position
 
(in thousands)Fair value
Unrealized loss
 Fair value
Unrealized loss
 Fair value
Unrealized loss
Fair value
Unrealized loss
 Fair value
Unrealized loss
 Fair value
Unrealized loss
Held-to-maturity:          
MBS pass-through securities issued by FHLMC and FNMA$2,250
$(154) 



 $2,250
$(154)$16,337
$(143) $46,845
$(371) $63,182
$(514)
Obligations of state and political subdivisions3,362
(6) 



 3,362
(6)3,648
(31) 

 3,648
(31)
Corporate bonds3,518
(1) 



 3,518
(1)
CMOs issued by FHLMC

11,066
(31) 13,824
(43) 24,890
(74)
Total held-to-maturity9,130
(161) 

 9,130
(161)31,051
(205) 60,669
(414) 91,720
(619)
Available-for-sale:          
MBS pass-through securities issued by FHLMC and FNMA162,016
(3,577) 



 162,016
(3,577)32,189
(121) 15,325
(302) 47,514
(423)
SBA-backed securities11,028
(53) 165
(2) 11,193
(55)
CMOs issued by FNMA9,498
(109) 



 9,498
(109)26,401
(171) 5,440
(77) 31,841
(248)
CMOs issued by FHLMC31,545
(731) 



 31,545
(731)69,276
(628) 

 69,276
(628)
CMOs issued by GNMA1,583
(1) 



 1,583
(1)14,230
(194) 

 14,230
(194)
Debentures of government- sponsored agencies19,951
(38) 9,946
(52) 29,897
(90)
Debentures of government-sponsored agencies2,984
(5) 

 2,984
(5)
Obligations of state and political subdivisions59,567
(1,740) 



 59,567
(1,740)52,197
(288) 19,548
(546) 71,745
(834)
Corporate bonds3,060
(3)   3,060
(3)
Privately issued CMO's154
(1) 



 154
(1)1,310
(2) 

 1,310
(2)
Total available-for-sale284,314
(6,197) 9,946
(52) 294,260
(6,249)212,675
(1,465) 40,478
(927) 253,153
(2,392)
Total temporarily impaired securities$293,444
$(6,358) $9,946
$(52) $303,390
$(6,410)$243,726
$(1,670) $101,147
$(1,341) $344,873
$(3,011)
December 31, 2016< 12 continuous months  > 12 continuous months  
Total securities
 in a loss position
 
(in thousands)Fair value
Unrealized loss
 Fair value
Unrealized loss
 Fair value
Unrealized loss
Held-to-maturity:        
MBS pass-through securities issued by FHLMC and FNMA$2,250
$(154) $
$
 $2,250
$(154)
Obligations of state and political subdivisions3,362
(6) 

 3,362
(6)
Corporate bonds3,518
(1) 

 3,518
(1)
Total held-to-maturity9,130
(161) 

 9,130
(161)
Available-for-sale:        
MBS pass-through securities issued by FHLMC and FNMA161,409
(3,570) 

 161,409
(3,570)
SBA-backed securities607
(7) 

 607
(7)
CMOs issued by FNMA9,498
(109) 

 9,498
(109)
CMOs issued by FHLMC31,545
(731) 

 31,545
(731)
CMOs issued by GNMA1,583
(1) 

 1,583
(1)
Debentures of government- sponsored agencies19,951
(38) 9,946
(52) 29,897
(90)
Obligations of state and political subdivisions59,567
(1,740) 

 59,567
(1,740)
Corporate bonds154
(1) 

 154
(1)
Total available-for-sale284,314
(6,197) 9,946
(52) 294,260
(6,249)
Total temporarily impaired securities$293,444
$(6,358) $9,946
$(52) $303,390
$(6,410)


December 31, 2015< 12 continuous months  > 12 continuous months  
Total securities
 in a loss position
 
(in thousands)Fair value
Unrealized loss
 Fair value
Unrealized loss
 Fair value
Unrealized loss
Held-to-maturity:        
MBS pass-through securities issued by FHLMC and FNMA$2,332
$(7) $
$
 $2,332
$(7)
Obligations of state and political subdivisions8,297
(19) 

 8,297
(19)
Corporate bonds3,523
(15) 1,999
(1) 5,522
(16)
Total held-to-maturity14,152
(41) 1,999
(1) 16,151
(42)
Available-for-sale:        
MBS pass-through securities issued by FHLMC and FNMA68,809
(454) 

 68,809
(454)
CMOs issued by FNMA9,277
(80) 3,158
(64) 12,435
(144)
CMOs issued by FHLMC

 1,989
(39) 1,989
(39)
CMOs issued by GNMA164

 2,374
(15) 2,538
(15)
Debentures of government- sponsored agencies136,064
(713) 9,887
(113) 145,951
(826)
Obligations of state and political subdivisions4,557
(15) 579
(2) 5,136
(17)
Corporate bonds2,986
(11) 

 2,986
(11)
Total available-for-sale221,857
(1,273) 17,987
(233) 239,844
(1,506)
Total temporarily impaired securities$236,009
$(1,314) $19,986
$(234) $255,995
$(1,548)
 
As of December 31, 2016, there was one debenture of government-sponsored agency security that2017, fifty-five investment securities in our portfolio had been in a continuous loss position for twelve months or more. They consisted of thirty-two obligations of U.S. state and political subdivisions, four CMOs issued by FHLMC, three CMOs issued by FNMA and sixteen agency MBS securities. We have evaluated iteach issuer's financial information as well as credit enhancement and guarantees, and believe that the decline in fair value is primarily driven by factors other than credit. It is probable that we will be able to collect all amounts due according to the contractual terms as it is supported by the U.S. Federal Government, which protects us from credit losses.and no other-than-temporary impairment exists on these securities. Based upon our assessment of the credit fundamentals, we concluded that this security wasthese securities were not other-than-temporarily impaired at December 31, 2016.2017.

OneThere were one hundred thirty-threeforty-three investment securities in our portfolio werethat had been in a temporary loss positionpositions for less than twelve months as of December 31, 2016,2017, and their temporary loss positions mainly arose from changes in interest rates since purchase. They consisted of eighty-sixeighty-one obligations of U.S. state and political subdivisions, onefive corporate bond, thirty-onebonds, sixteen agency MBS securities, thirteenthirty-four agency CMOs, onetwo privately issued CMOCMOs and one debenturefive debentures of government-sponsored agencies. The MBS, CMOs and debentures issued bySecurities of government-sponsored agencies are supported by the U.S. Federal Government, which protects us from credit losses. Other temporarily impaired securities are deemed creditworthy after internal analysis of the issuers' latest financial information and credit enhancement. Additionally, all are rated as investment grade by at least one major rating agency. As a result of this impairment analysis, we concluded that these securities were not other-than-temporarily impaired at December 31, 2016.2017.

Non-Marketable Securities
 
As a member of the FHLB, we are required to maintain a minimum investment in FHLB capital stock determined by the Board of Directors of the FHLB. The minimum investment requirements can increase in the event we increase our total asset size or borrowings with the FHLB. Shares cannot be purchased or sold except between the FHLB and its members at the $100 per share par value. We held $10.211.1 million and $8.410.2 million of FHLB stock recorded at cost in other assets on the consolidated statements of condition at December 31, 20162017 and 2015,2016, respectively. The carrying amounts of these investments are reasonable estimates of fair value because the securities are restricted to member banks and they do not have a readily determinable market value. Management does not believe that the FHLB stock is other-than-temporarily-impaired, due to FHLB's current financial position. On February 21, 2017,2018, FHLB announced a cash dividend for the fourth quarter of 20162017 at an annualized dividend rate of 9.08%7.00% to be distributed in mid-March 2017.2018. Cash dividends paid on FHLB capital stock are recorded as non-interest income.



As a member bank of Visa U.S.A., we hold 16,939 shares of Visa Inc. Class B common stock with a carrying value of zero, which is equal to our cost basis. These shares are restricted from resale until their conversion into Class A (voting) shares upon the termination of Visa Inc.'s Covered Litigation escrow account. As a result of the restriction, these shares are not considered available-for-sale and are not carried at fair value. When converting this Class B common stock to Class A common stock under the conversion rate of 1.6483, as of the latest SEC Form 10-Q filed by Visa, Inc. on February 2, 2017,1, 2018, and the closing stock price of Class A shares, the value of our shares of Class B common stock would have been $3.2 million and $2.2 million at both December 31, 2017 and 2016, and 2015.respectively. The conversion rate is subject to further reduction upon the final settlement of the covered litigation against Visa Inc. and its member banks. See Note 12, Commitments and Contingencies herein.

We invest in low income housing tax credit funds as a limited partner, which totaled $2.5$2.1 million and $2.7$2.5 million recorded in other assets as of December 31, 20162017 and 2015,2016, respectively. In 2016,2017, we recognized $297$332 thousand of low income housing tax credits and other tax benefits, net of $236$331 thousand of amortization expense of low income housing tax credit investment, as a component of income tax expense. As of December 31, 2016,2017, our unfunded commitments for these low income housing tax credit funds totaled $1.4 million.$546 thousand. We did not recognize any impairment losses on these low income housing tax credit investments during 2017 or 2016, or 2015.as the value of the future tax benefits exceeds the carrying value of the investments.

On December 22, 2017, the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act of 2017 was signed into law, which reduces the federal corporate income tax rate from 35% to 21% for tax years beginning 2018. Due to the tax rate change, we revised the amortization schedule according to the proportional amortization method for the tax deduction benefits on these low income housing tax credit investments starting in 2018 using the 21% federal tax rate and recorded a catch-up amortization expense of $67 thousand in 2017 as a component of income tax expense.



Note 3:  Loans and Allowance for Loan Losses
 
Credit Quality of Loans
 
Virtually all of our loans are from customers located in California, primarily in Marin, Alameda, Sonoma, San Francisco and Napa counties. Approximately 87% and 85% of total loans were secured by real estate at both December 31, 2017 and 2016, and 2015.respectively. At December 31, 2016, 65%2017, 67% of our loans were for commercial real estate, 83%85% of which were secured by real estate located in Marin, Sonoma, Alameda, San Francisco and Napa counties (California).

The following table shows outstanding loans by class and payment aging as of December 31, 20162017 and 20152016.
Loan Aging Analysis by Class
(in thousands)Commercial and industrial
Commercial real estate, owner-occupied
Commercial real estate, investor
Construction
Home equity
Other residential 1

Installment and other consumer
Total
Commercial and industrial
Commercial real estate, owner-occupied
Commercial real estate, investor
Construction
Home equity
Other residential 1

Installment and other consumer
Total
December 31, 2017 
30-59 days past due$
$
$
$
$99
$255
$330
$684
60-89 days past due1,340






1,340
90 days or more past due



307


307
Total past due1,340



406
255
330
2,331
Current234,495
300,963
822,984
63,828
132,061
95,271
27,080
1,676,682
Total loans 3
$235,835
$300,963
$822,984
$63,828
$132,467
$95,526
$27,410
$1,679,013
Non-accrual loans 2
$
$
$
$
$406
$
$
$406
December 31, 2016  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
30-59 days past due$283
$
$
$
$77
$
$2
$362
$283
$
$
$
$77
$
$2
$362
60-89 days past due






49
49






49
49
90 days or more past due



91


91




91


91
Total past due283



168

51
502
283



168

51
502
Current218,332
247,713
724,228
74,809
117,039
78,549
25,444
1,486,114
218,332
247,713
724,228
74,809
117,039
78,549
25,444
1,486,114
Total loans 3
$218,615
$247,713
$724,228
$74,809
$117,207
$78,549
$25,495
$1,486,616
$218,615
$247,713
$724,228
$74,809
$117,207
$78,549
$25,495
$1,486,616
Non-accrual loans 2
$
$
$
$
$91
$
$54
$145
$
$
$
$
$91
$
$54
$145
December 31, 2015 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
30-59 days past due$36
$
$1,096
$1
$
$
$249
$1,382
60-89 days past due



633

89
722
90 days or more past due21



99


120
Total past due57

1,096
1
732

338
2,224
Current219,395
242,309
714,783
65,494
111,568
73,154
22,301
1,449,004
Total loans 3
$219,452
$242,309
$715,879
$65,495
$112,300
$73,154
$22,639
$1,451,228
Non-accrual loans 2
$21
$
$1,903
$1
$171
$
$83
$2,179
1 Our residential loan portfolio does not include sub-prime loans, nor is it our practice to underwrite loans commonly referred to as "Alt-A mortgages," the characteristics of which are loans lacking full documentation, borrowers having low FICO scores or higher loan-to-value ratios.

2 There were nothree purchased credit impaired ("PCI") loans with unpaid balances totaling $131 thousand and no carrying values that had stopped accreting interest at December 31, 2017. There were no PCI loans that had stopped accreting interest at December 31, 2016. Amounts include $1 thousand of PCI loans that had stopped accreting interest at December 31, 2015. Amounts exclude accreting PCI loans of $2.9$2.1 million and $3.7$2.9 million at December 31, 20162017 and 2015,2016, respectively, as we have a reasonable expectation about future cash flows to be collected and we continue to recognize accretable yield on these loans in interest income. There were no accruing loans past due more than ninety days at December 31, 20162017 or 2015.2016.

3 Amounts include net deferred loan origination costs of $883$818 thousand and $768$883 thousand at December 31, 20162017 and 2015,2016, respectively. Amounts are also net of unaccreted purchase discounts on non-PCI loans of $1.8$1.2 million and $3.2$1.8 million at December 31, 20162017 and 20152016, respectively.



Our commercial loans are generally made to established small and mid-sized businesses to provide financing for their growth and working capital needs, equipment purchases and/orand acquisitions.  Management examines historical, current, and projected cash flows to determine the ability of the borrower to repay obligations as agreed. Commercial loans are made based primarily on the identified cash flows of the borrower and secondarily on the underlying collateral and/orand guarantor support. The cash flows of borrowers, however, may not occur as expected, and the collateral securing these loans may fluctuate in value. Most commercial and industrial loans are secured by the assets being financed, such as accounts receivable and/orand inventory, and typically include a personal guarantee. We target stable businesses with guarantors thatwho provide additional sources of repayment and have proven to be resilient in periods of economic stress.  Typically, the guarantors provide an additional source of repayment for most of our credit extensions.
 
Commercial real estate loans are subject to underwriting standards and processes similar to commercial loans discussed above. We underwrite these loans to be repaid from cash flow and to be supported by real property collateral. Underwriting standards for commercial real estate loans include, but are not limited to, debt coverage and loan-to-value ratios. Furthermore, substantially all of our loans are guaranteed by the owners of the properties.  Commercial real estate loans may be adversely affected by conditions in the real estate markets or in the general economy. In the event of a vacancy, guarantors are expected to carry the loans until a replacement tenant can be found.  The owner's substantial equity investment provides a strong economic incentive to continue to support the commercial real estate projects. As such, we have generally experienced a relatively low level of loss and delinquencies in this portfolio.



Construction loans are generally made to developers and builders to finance construction, renovation and occasionally land acquisitions in anticipation of near-term development. These loans are underwritten after evaluation of the borrower's financial strength, reputation, prior track record, and independent appraisals. The construction industry can be affected by significant events, including: the inherent volatility of real estate markets and vulnerability to delays due to weather, change orders, inability to obtain construction permits, labor or material shortages, and price changes. Estimates of construction costs and value associated with the completed project may be inaccurate. Repayment of construction loans is largely dependent on the ultimate success of the project.
 
Consumer loans primarily consist of home equity lines of credit and other residential (tenancy-in-common, or “TIC”)tenancy-in-common fractional interest loans ("TIC"), floating homes and mobile homes along with a small number of installment and other consumer loans. We originate consumer loans utilizing credit score information, debt-to-income ratio and loan-to-value ratio analysis. Diversification among consumer loan types, coupled with relatively small loan amounts that are spread across many individual borrowers, mitigates risk. Additionally, trend reports are reviewed by Management on a regular basis. Our other residential loan portfolio includesloans include TIC units located almost entirely in San Francisco California. Installment and other consumer loans include mostly loans for floating homes and mobile homes along with a small number of installment loans.County.
 
We use a risk rating system to evaluate asset quality, and to identify and monitor credit risk in individual loans, and ultimately in the loan portfolio. Definitions of loans that are risk graded “Special Mention” or worse are consistent with those used by the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation ("FDIC").  Our internally assigned grades are as follows:
 
Pass and Watch: Loans to borrowers of acceptable or better credit quality. Borrowers in this category demonstrate fundamentally sound financial positions, repayment capacity, credit history and management expertise.  Loans in this category must have an identifiable and stable source of repayment and meet the Bank’s policy regarding debt service coverage ratios.  These borrowers are capable of sustaining normal economic, market or operational setbacks without significant financial consequences.  Negative external industry factors are generally not present.  The loan may be secured, unsecured or supported by non-real estate collateral for which the value is more difficult to determine and/or marketability is more uncertain. This category also includes “Watch” loans, where the primary source of repayment has been delayed. “Watch” is intended to be a transitional grade, with either an upgrade or downgrade within a reasonable period.
 
Special Mention: Potential weaknesses that deserve close attention. If left uncorrected, those potential weaknesses may result in deterioration of the payment prospects for the asset. Special Mention assets do not present sufficient risk to warrant adverse classification.
 
Substandard: Inadequately protected by either the current sound worth and paying capacity of the obligor or the collateral pledged, if any. A Substandard asset has a well-defined weakness or weaknesses that jeopardize(s) the liquidation of the debt. Substandard assets are characterized by the distinct possibility that we will sustain some loss if such weaknesses or deficiencies are not corrected. Well-defined weaknesses include adverse trends or developments of the borrower’s financial condition, managerial weaknesses and/or significant collateral deficiencies.
 


Doubtful: Critical weaknesses that make collection or liquidation in full improbable. There may be specific pending events that work to strengthen the asset; however, the amount or timing of the loss may not be determinable. Pending events generally occur within one year of the asset being classified as Doubtful. Examples include: merger, acquisition, or liquidation; capital injection; guarantee; perfecting liens on additional collateral; and refinancing. Such loans are placed on non-accrual status and usually are collateral-dependent.

We regularly review our credits for accuracy of risk grades whenever new information is received. Borrowers are required to submit financial information at regular intervals. Generally, commercial borrowers with lines of credit are required to submit financial information with reporting intervals ranging from monthly to annually depending on credit size, risk and complexity. Investor commercial real estate borrowers are generally required to submit rent rolls or property income statements annually. Construction loans are monitored monthly, and reviewed on an ongoing basis. Home equity and other consumer loans are reviewed based on delinquency. Loans graded “Watch” or worse, regardless of loan type, are reviewed no less than quarterly.

The following table represents an analysis of the carrying amount in loans, net of deferred fees orand costs and purchase premiums or discounts, by internally assigned risk grades, including PCI loans, at December 31, 20162017 and 20152016.


Credit Risk Profile by Internally Assigned Risk Grade
(in thousands)Commercial and industrial
Commercial real estate, owner-occupied
Commercial real estate, investor
Construction
Home equity
Other residential
Installment and other consumer
Purchased credit-impaired
Total
Commercial and industrial
Commercial real estate, owner-occupied
Commercial real estate, investor
Construction
Home equity
Other residential
Installment and other consumer
Purchased credit-impaired
Total
December 31, 2017December 31, 2017 
Pass$214,636
$281,104
$818,570
$60,859
$130,558
$95,526
$27,287
$1,325
$1,629,865
Special Mention9,318
9,284
1,850




790
21,242
Substandard11,816
9,409
1,774
2,969
1,815

123

27,906
Total loans$235,770
$299,797
$822,194
$63,828
$132,373
$95,526
$27,410
$2,115
$1,679,013
December 31, 2016December 31, 2016 December 31, 2016 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Pass$201,987
$234,849
$720,417
$71,564
$115,680
$78,549
$25,083
$2,920
$1,451,049
$201,987
$234,849
$720,417
$71,564
$115,680
$78,549
$25,083
$2,920
$1,451,049
Special Mention9,197
4,799
607

1,334



15,937
9,197
4,799
607

1,334



15,937
Substandard7,391
6,993
1,498
3,245
91

412

19,630
7,391
6,993
1,498
3,245
91

412

19,630
Total loans$218,575
$246,641
$722,522
$74,809
$117,105
$78,549
$25,495
$2,920
$1,486,616
$218,575
$246,641
$722,522
$74,809
$117,105
$78,549
$25,495
$2,920
$1,486,616
December 31, 2015 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Pass$192,560
$219,060
$710,042
$62,255
$109,959
$73,154
$22,307
$3,260
$1,392,597
Special Mention22,457
12,371
372

1,100



36,300
Substandard4,260
9,167
3,739
3,239
1,173

332
421
22,331
Total loans$219,277
$240,598
$714,153
$65,494
$112,232
$73,154
$22,639
$3,681
$1,451,228
 
Troubled Debt Restructuring
 
Our loan portfolio includes certain loans that have been modified in a troubled debt restructuring (“TDR”), where economic concessions have been granted to borrowers experiencing financial difficulties. These concessions typically result from our loss mitigation activities and could include reductions in the interest rate, payment extensions, forgiveness of principal, forbearance or other actions. TDRs on non-accrual status at the time of restructure may be returned to accruing status after Management considers the borrower’s sustained repayment performance for a reasonable period, generally six months, and obtains reasonable assurance of repayment and performance.
 
A loan may no longer be reported as a TDR if all of the following conditions are met:
The loan is subsequently refinanced or restructured at current market interest rates and the new terms are consistent with the treatment of creditworthy borrowers under regular underwriting standards;
The borrower is no longer considered to be in financial difficulty;
Performance on the loan is reasonably assured, and;
Existing loan did not have any forgiveness of principal or interest.

The removal of TDR status must be approved by the same Management level that approved the upgrading of the loan classification.

There wewere no loans removed from TDR designation during 2017 or 2016. During 2015, five loans with a recorded investment totaling $1.6 million were removed from TDR designation, after meeting all of the conditions noted above.




The following table below summarizes the carrying amount of TDR loans by loan class as of December 31, 20162017 and December 31, 20152016. The summary includes both TDRs that are on non-accrual status and those that continue to accrue interest.
(in thousands)As ofAs of
Recorded investment in Troubled Debt Restructurings 1
December 31, 2016
December 31, 2015
December 31, 2017
December 31, 2016
Commercial and industrial$2,207
$4,698
$2,165
$2,207
Commercial real estate, owner-occupied6,993
6,993
6,999
6,993
Commercial real estate, investor2,256
514
2,171
2,256
Construction 2
3,245
3,238
Construction2,969
3,245
Home equity625
460
347
625
Other residential1,965
2,010
1,148
1,965
Installment and other consumer877
1,168
721
877
Total$18,168
$19,081
$16,520
$18,168
1 There were no TDR loans on non-accrual status at December 31, 2016 and $72 thousand in TDR loans on non-accrual status as of2017 or December 31, 2015.2016. Includes no acquired TDR loans as of December 31, 2016 and $137 thousand in acquired loans at2017 or December 31, 2015.

2 In 2015, one TDR loan was transferred to loans held-for-sale at fair value totaling $1.5 million, net of an $839 thousand charge-off to the allowance for loan losses. The loan was subsequently sold in 2015 for no additional gain or loss.2016.

The following table below presents the following information for loans modified in a TDR during the presented periods:periods, including the number of contracts modified, the recorded investment in the loans prior to modification, and the recorded investment in the loans at period end after being restructured. The table below excludes fully charged-off TDR loans and loans modified in a TDR and subsequently paid-off during the years presented.


(dollars in thousands)Number of Contracts Modified
Pre-Modification Outstanding Recorded Investment
Post-Modification Outstanding Recorded Investment
Post-Modification Outstanding Recorded Investment at Period End
Number of Contracts Modified
Pre-Modification Outstanding Recorded Investment
Post-Modification Outstanding Recorded Investment
Post-Modification Outstanding Recorded Investment at Period End
TDRs modified during 2017: 
 
 
 
Installment and other consumer1
$50
$50
$47
TDRs modified during 2016: 
 
 
  
 
 
 
Commercial real estate, investor2
$1,830
$1,826
$1,752
2
$1,830
$1,826
$1,752
Home equity 1
1
$87
$222
$245
1
87
222
245
Installment and other consumer1
$68
$67
$66
1
68
67
66
Total4
$1,985
$2,115
$2,063
4
$1,985
$2,115
$2,063
1 The home equity line of credit modified in 2016 included debt consolidation, which increased the post-modification balance.
1 The home equity line of credit modified in 2016 included debt consolidation, which increased the post-modification balance.
1 The home equity line of credit modified in 2016 included debt consolidation, which increased the post-modification balance.
TDRs modified during 2015: 
 
 
   
Commercial and industrial7
$3,271
$3,251
$2,811
7
$3,271
$3,251
$2,811
TDRs modified during 2014:  
Commercial and industrial6
$1,039
$1,258
$1,251
Commercial real estate, owner occupied1
4,226
4,216
4,175
Commercial real estate, investor2
224
224
220
Construction2
964
1,312
1,309
Installment and other consumer6
281
278
268
Total17
$6,734
$7,288
$7,223

ModificationsThe modifications during 20162017, 20152016 and 20142015 primarily involved maturity or payment extensions, and interest rate concessions, or some combination thereof.renewals, and other changes to loan terms. During 2017, 2016 2015 and 2014,2015, there were no defaults on loans that had been modified in a TDR within the prior twelve-month period. We report defaulted TDRs based on a payment default definition of more than ninety days past due.



Impaired Loans

The table below summarizesfollowing tables summarize information by class on impaired loans and their related allowances. Total impaired loans include non-accrual loans, accruing TDR loans and accreting PCI loans that have experienced post-acquisition declines in cash flows expected to be collected.
(in thousands)Commercial and industrial
Commercial real estate, owner-occupied
Commercial real estate, investor
Construction
Home equity
Other residential
Installment and other consumer
Total
Commercial and industrial
Commercial real estate, owner-occupied
Commercial real estate, investor
Construction
Home equity
Other residential
Installment and other consumer
Total
December 31, 2017December 31, 2017 
Recorded investment in impaired loans:Recorded investment in impaired loans: 
With no specific allowance recorded$309
$
$
$2,689
$406
$995
$46
$4,445
With a specific allowance recorded1,856
6,999
2,171
280
347
153
675
12,481
Total recorded investment in impaired loans$2,165
$6,999
$2,171
$2,969
$753
$1,148
$721
$16,926
Unpaid principal balance of impaired loans$2,278
$6,993
$2,168
$2,963
$750
$1,147
$720
$17,019
Specific allowance$50
$188
$159
$7
$6
$1
$102
$513
Average recorded investment in impaired loans during 2017$2,113
$6,998
$2,842
$3,132
$679
$1,324
$841
$17,929
Interest income recognized on impaired loans during 2017 1
$202
$266
$87
$147
$24
$62
$37
$825
December 31, 2016December 31, 2016 December 31, 2016 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Recorded investment in impaired loans:Recorded investment in impaired loans: Recorded investment in impaired loans: 
 
 
 
 
 
With no specific allowance recorded$315
$
$
$2,692
$91
$1,008
$103
$4,209
$315
$
$
$2,692
$91
$1,008
$103
$4,209
With a specific allowance recorded1,892
6,993
2,256
553
624
957
829
14,104
1,892
6,993
2,256
553
624
957
829
14,104
Total recorded investment in impaired loans$2,207
$6,993
$2,256
$3,245
$715
$1,965
$932
$18,313
$2,207
$6,993
$2,256
$3,245
$715
$1,965
$932
$18,313
Unpaid principal balance of impaired loans$2,177
$6,993
$2,252
$3,238
$713
$1,965
$932
$18,270
$2,177
$6,993
$2,252
$3,238
$713
$1,965
$932
$18,270
Specific allowance$285
$163
$375
$8
$7
$55
$98
$991
$285
$163
$375
$8
$7
$55
$98
$991
Average recorded investment in impaired loans during 2016$3,514
$7,069
$2,950
$3,242
$945
$1,988
$1,127
$20,835
$3,514
$7,069
$2,950
$3,242
$945
$1,988
$1,127
$20,835
Interest income recognized on impaired loans during 2016 1
$175
$199
$1,514
$137
$60
$90
$48
$2,223
$175
$199
$1,514
$137
$60
$90
$48
$2,223
December 31, 2015 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Recorded investment in impaired loans: 
 
 
 
 
 
With no specific allowance recorded$2,198
$4,111
$2,416
$2,687
$171
$1,214
$131
$12,928
With a specific allowance recorded2,522
2,882

551
388
797
1,120
8,260
Total recorded investment in impaired loans$4,720
$6,993
$2,416
$3,238
$559
$2,011
$1,251
$21,188
Unpaid principal balance of impaired loans$4,763
$6,993
$4,408
$3,424
$559
$2,011
$1,251
$23,409
Specific allowance$912
$70
$
$1
$3
$67
$116
$1,169
Average recorded investment in impaired loans during 2015$4,237
$7,886
$2,833
$4,164
$602
$2,028
$1,523
$23,273
$4,237
$7,886
$2,833
$4,164
$602
$2,028
$1,523
$23,273
Interest income recognized on impaired loans during 2015 1
$238
$295
$33
$86
$18
$92
$64
$826
$238
$295
$33
$86
$18
$92
$64
$826
Average recorded investment in impaired loans during 2014$5,354
$6,604
$3,138
$6,471
$741
$1,744
$1,857
$25,909
Interest income recognized on impaired loans during 2014 1
$378
$288
$28
$85
$19
$74
$76
$948
1 Interest income recognized on a cash basis totaled $1.4 million in 2016 and was primarily related to the interest recovery upon the pay-off of a partially charged off non-accrual commercial real estate loan during the third quarter. No interest interest income on impaired loans was recognized on a cash basis in 2015 and 2014.
1 Interest income recognized on a cash basis totaled $100 thousand in 2017 and was primarily related to the pay-off of a commercial non-accrual PCI loan in the fourth quarter. Interest income recognized on a cash basis totaled $1.4 million in 2016 and was primarily related to the interest recovery upon the pay-off of a partially charged off non-accrual commercial real estate loan during the third quarter. No interest income on impaired loans was recognized on a cash basis in 2015.
1 Interest income recognized on a cash basis totaled $100 thousand in 2017 and was primarily related to the pay-off of a commercial non-accrual PCI loan in the fourth quarter. Interest income recognized on a cash basis totaled $1.4 million in 2016 and was primarily related to the interest recovery upon the pay-off of a partially charged off non-accrual commercial real estate loan during the third quarter. No interest income on impaired loans was recognized on a cash basis in 2015.

Management monitors delinquent loans continuously and identifies problem loans, generally loans graded substandard or worse, loans on non-accrual status and loans modified in a TDR, to be evaluated individually for impairment testing.


Generally, the recorded investment in impaired loans is net of any charge-offs from estimated losses related to specifically-identified impaired loans when they are deemed uncollectible. There were no charged-off portions of impaired loans outstanding at December 31, 2017 and 2016. The charged-off portion of impaired loans outstanding at December 31, 2015 totaled approximately $2.1 million. In addition, the recorded investment in impaired loans is net of purchase discounts or premiums on acquired loans and net deferred fees and cost.costs. At December 31, 20162017 and 2015,2016, outstanding commitments to extend credit on impaired loans, including performing loans to borrowers whose terms have been modified in TDRs, totaled $935 thousand and $1.6 million, and $1.3 million, respectively.

















The following tables disclose activity in the ALLLallowance for loan losses ("ALLL") and the recorded investment in loans by class, as well as the related ALLL disaggregated by impairment evaluation method.
Allowance for Loan Losses Rollforward for the Period
Allowance for Loan Losses Rollforward for the Year EndedAllowance for Loan Losses Rollforward for the Year Ended
(in thousands)Commercial and industrial
Commercial real estate, owner-occupied
Commercial real estate, investor
Construction
Home equity
Other residential
Installment and other consumer
Unallocated
Total
Commercial and industrial
Commercial real estate, owner-occupied
Commercial real estate, investor
Construction
Home equity
Other residential
Installment and other consumer
Unallocated
Total
Year ended December 31, 2017Year ended December 31, 2017 
Beginning balance$3,248
$1,753
$6,320
$781
$973
$454
$372
$1,541
$15,442
Provision (reversal)584
541
155
(100)58
82
3
(823)500
Charge-offs(289)




(4)
(293)
Recoveries111





7

118
Ending balance$3,654
$2,294
$6,475
$681
$1,031
$536
$378
$718
$15,767
Year ended December 31, 2016Year ended December 31, 2016  
Beginning balance$3,023
$2,249
$6,178
$724
$910
$394
$425
$1,096
$14,999
$3,023
$2,249
$6,178
$724
$910
$394
$425
$1,096
$14,999
Provision (reversal)93
(476)(2,014)57
60
60
(75)445
(1,850)93
(476)(2,014)57
60
60
(75)445
(1,850)
Charge-offs(11)(20)



(5)
(36)(11)(20)



(5)
(36)
Recoveries143

2,156

3

27

2,329
143

2,156

3

27

2,329
Ending balance$3,248
$1,753
$6,320
$781
$973
$454
$372
$1,541
$15,442
$3,248
$1,753
$6,320
$781
$973
$454
$372
$1,541
$15,442
Year ended December 31, 2015  
Beginning balance$2,837
$1,924
$6,672
$839
$859
$433
$566
$969
$15,099
$2,837
$1,924
$6,672
$839
$859
$433
$566
$969
$15,099
Provision (reversal)(45)325
(517)724
48
(39)(123)127
500
(45)325
(517)724
48
(39)(123)127
500
Charge-offs(5)

(839)

(20)
(864)(5)

(839)

(20)
(864)
Recoveries236

23

3

2

264
236

23

3

2

264
Ending balance$3,023
$2,249
$6,178
$724
$910
$394
$425
$1,096
$14,999
$3,023
$2,249
$6,178
$724
$910
$394
$425
$1,096
$14,999
Year ended December 31, 2014 
Beginning balance$3,056
$2,012
$6,196
$633
$875
$317
$629
$506
$14,224
Provision (reversal)(321)(93)431
314
(19)116
(141)463
750
Charge-offs(66)

(204)

(7)
(277)
Recoveries168
5
45
96
3

85

402
Ending balance$2,837
$1,924
$6,672
$839
$859
$433
$566
$969
$15,099
Allowance for Loan Losses and Recorded Investment In Loans
(dollars in thousands)Commercial and industrial
Commercial real estate, owner-occupied
Commercial real estate, investor
Construction
Home equity
Other residential
Installment and other consumer
Unallocated
Total
Commercial and industrial
Commercial real estate, owner-occupied
Commercial real estate, investor
Construction
Home equity
Other residential
Installment and other consumer
Unallocated
Total
December 31, 2016 
December 31, 2017 
Ending ALLL related to loans collectively evaluated for impairment$2,963
$1,590
$5,945
$773
$966
$399
$274
$1,541
$14,451
$3,604
$2,106
$6,316
$674
$1,025
$535
$276
$718
$15,254
Ending ALLL related to loans individually evaluated for impairment285
163
375
8
7
55
98

991
50
188
159
7
6
1
102

513
Ending ALLL related to purchased credit-impaired loans

















Ending balance$3,248
$1,753
$6,320
$781
$973
$454
$372
$1,541
$15,442
$3,654
$2,294
$6,475
$681
$1,031
$536
$378
$718
$15,767
Recorded Investment: 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Collectively evaluated for impairment$216,368
$239,648
$720,266
$71,564
$116,390
$76,584
$24,563
$
$1,465,383
$233,605
$292,798
$820,023
$60,859
$131,620
$94,378
$26,689
$
$1,659,972
Individually evaluated for impairment2,207
6,993
2,256
3,245
715
1,965
932

18,313
2,165
6,999
2,171
2,969
753
1,148
721

16,926
Purchased credit-impaired40
1,072
1,706

102



2,920
65
1,166
790

94



2,115
Total$218,615
$247,713
$724,228
$74,809
$117,207
$78,549
$25,495
$
$1,486,616
$235,835
$300,963
$822,984
$63,828
$132,467
$95,526
$27,410
$
$1,679,013
Ratio of allowance for loan losses to total loans1.49%0.71%0.87%1.04%0.83%0.58%1.46%NM
1.04%1.55%0.76%0.79%1.07%0.78%0.56%1.38%NM
0.94%
Allowance for loan losses to non-accrual loansNM
NM
NM
NM
1,071%NM
683%NM
10,650%NM
NM
NM
NM
254%NM
NM
NM
3,883%
NM - Not Meaningful


Allowance for Loan Losses and Recorded Investment In Loans
(dollars in thousands)Commercial and industrial
Commercial real estate, owner-occupied
Commercial real estate, investor
Construction
Home equity
Other residential
Installment and other consumer
Unallocated
Total
December 31, 2015         
Ending ALLL related to loans collectively evaluated for impairment$2,111
$2,179
$6,178
$723
$907
$327
$309
$1,096
$13,830
Ending ALLL related to loans  individually evaluated for impairment904
70


3
67
116

1,160
Ending ALLL related to purchased  credit-impaired loans8


1




9
Ending balance$3,023
$2,249
$6,178
$724
$910
$394
$425
$1,096
$14,999
Loans outstanding: 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Collectively evaluated for impairment$214,695
$233,605
$711,737
$62,256
$111,673
$71,143
$21,388
$
$1,426,497
Individually evaluated for impairment1
4,582
6,993
2,416
3,238
559
2,011
1,251

21,050
Purchased credit-impaired175
1,711
1,726
1
68



3,681
Total$219,452
$242,309
$715,879
$65,495
$112,300
$73,154
$22,639
$
$1,451,228
Ratio of allowance for loan losses to total loans1.38%0.93%0.86%1.11%0.81%0.54%1.88%NM
1.03%
Allowance for loan losses to non-accrual loans14,395%NM
325%72,400%532%NM
512%NM
688%
1 Totals exclude $138 thousand in PCI loans that have experienced credit deterioration post-acquisition, which are included in the "purchased credit-impaired" amount in the next line below.
Allowance for Loan Losses and Recorded Investment In Loans
(dollars in thousands)Commercial and industrial
Commercial real estate, owner-occupied
Commercial real estate, investor
Construction
Home equity
Other residential
Installment and other consumer
Unallocated
Total
December 31, 2016         
Ending ALLL related to loans collectively evaluated for impairment$2,963
$1,590
$5,945
$773
$966
$399
$274
$1,541
$14,451
Ending ALLL related to loans individually evaluated for impairment285
163
375
8
7
55
98

991
Ending ALLL related to purchased credit-impaired loans








Ending balance$3,248
$1,753
$6,320
$781
$973
$454
$372
$1,541
$15,442
Loans outstanding: 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Collectively evaluated for impairment$216,368
$239,648
$720,266
$71,564
$116,390
$76,584
$24,563
$
$1,465,383
Individually evaluated for impairment2,207
6,993
2,256
3,245
715
1,965
932

18,313
Purchased credit-impaired40
1,072
1,706

102



2,920
Total$218,615
$247,713
$724,228
$74,809
$117,207
$78,549
$25,495
$
$1,486,616
Ratio of allowance for loan losses to total loans1.49%0.71%0.87%1.04%0.83%0.58%1.46%NM
1.04%
Allowance for loan losses to non-accrual loansNM
NM
NM
NM
1,071%NM
683%NM
10,650%
NM - Not Meaningful

Purchased Credit-Impaired Loans
 
Acquired loans are considered credit-impaired if there is evidence of significant deterioration of credit quality since origination and it is probable, at the acquisition date, that we will be unable to collect all contractually required payments receivable. Management has determined certain loans purchased in our two bank acquisitions to be PCI loans based on credit indicators such as nonaccrual status, past due status, loan risk grade, loan-to-value ratio, etc. Revolving credit agreements (e.g., home equity lines of credit and revolving commercial loans) are not considered PCI loans as cash flows cannot be reasonably estimated.
 
The following table reflects the unpaid principal balance and related carrying value of PCI loans:
PCI LoansDecember 31, 2016December 31, 2015December 31, 2017December 31, 2016

(in thousands)
Unpaid Principal Balance
Carrying Value
Unpaid Principal Balance
Carrying Value
Unpaid Principal Balance
Carrying Value
Unpaid Principal Balance
Carrying Value
Commercial and industrial$45
$40
$237
$175
$276
$65
$45
$40
Commercial real estate, owner occupied1,344
1,072
2,573
1,711
1,297
1,166
1,344
1,072
Commercial real estate, investor1,713
1,706
1,756
1,726
1,064
790
1,713
1,706
Construction

187
1




Home equity248
102
224
68
231
94
248
102
Total purchased credit-impaired loans$3,350
$2,920
$4,977
$3,681
$2,868
$2,115
$3,350
$2,920
 
There were no fluctuations in expected future cash flows on the remaining PCI loans that resulted in changes to the allowance for loan losses during 2016. The specific allowance for PCI loan losses increased by $4 thousandand $3 thousand during2015 and 2014, respectively. Probable and significant increases in expected cash flows would first reverse any related allowance for loan losses and any remaining increases would be recognized prospectively as interest income over the estimated remaining lives of the loans. The specific allowance for PCI loan losses decreased by $6 thousand during 2016 as a result of loan pay-offs. The allowance for loan losses for PCI loans, due to increases in the present value of cash flows expected to be collected, decreased by $2 thousand and $238 thousand during 2015 and 2014, respectively.



The activities in the accretable yield, or income expected to be earned over the remaining lives of the PCI loans were as follows: 
Accretable YieldYears endedYears ended
(in thousands)December 31, 2016
December 31, 2015
December 31, 2014
December 31, 2017
December 31, 2016
December 31, 2015
Balance at beginning of period$2,618
$4,027
$3,649
$1,476
$2,618
$4,027
Additions


109


Removals 1
(778)(914)(273)
(778)(914)
Accretion(364)(495)(613)(331)(364)(495)
Reclassifications from nonaccretable difference 2


1,264
Balance at end of period$1,476
$2,618
$4,027
$1,254
$1,476
$2,618
1 Represents the accretable difference that is relieved when a loan exits the PCI population due to payoff, full charge-off, or transfer to repossessed assets, etc.
1 Represents the accretable difference that is relieved when a loan exits the PCI population due to payoff, full charge-off, or transfer to repossessed assets, etc.
1 Represents the accretable difference that is relieved when a loan exits the PCI population due to payoff, full charge-off, or transfer to repossessed assets, etc.
2 Primarily relates to changes in expected credit performance and changes in expected timing of cash flows.



Pledged Loans
 
Our FHLB line of credit is secured under terms of a blanket collateral agreement by a pledge of certain qualifying loans with an unpaid principal balancebalances of $869.2887.9 million and $833.8869.2 million at December 31, 20162017 and 20152016, respectively. In addition, we pledge a certain residential loan portfolio, which totaled $54.667.6 million and $45.254.6 million at December 31, 20162017 and 20152016, respectively, to secure our borrowing capacity with the Federal Reserve Bank of San Francisco (FRBFRBSF). Also, see Note 7, Borrowings, below.Borrowings.

Related Party Loans

The Bank has, and expects to have in the future, banking transactions in the ordinary course of its business with directors, officers, principal shareholders and their businesses or associates. These transactions, including loans, are granted on substantially the same terms, including interest rates and collateral on loans, as those prevailing at the same time for comparable transactions with persons not related to us. Likewise, these transactions do not involve more than the normal risk of collectability or present other unfavorable features. During the first and fourth quarters of 2017, two new directors joined our Board of Directors resulting in the reclassification of existing loans to those directors and their businesses as related party status.

An analysis of net loans to related parties for each of the three years ended December 31, 20162017, 20152016 and 20142015 is as follows:
(in thousands)2016
2015
2014
2017
2016
2015
Balance at beginning of year$2,562
$3,329
$3,749
$1,988
$2,562
$3,329
Additions


3,186


Advances
165

74

165
Repayments(574)(390)(420)(128)(574)(390)
Reclassified as unrelated-party loan due to a change in borrower status
(542)
Reclassified due to a change in borrower status6,732

(542)
Balance at end of year$1,988
$2,562
$3,329
$11,852
$1,988
$2,562

Undisbursed commitments to related parties totaled $1.19.1 million and $1.0$1.1 million as of December 31, 20162017 and 2015,2016, respectively.
 
Note 4:  Bank Premises and Equipment

A summary of Bank premises and equipment at December 31 follows:
(in thousands)2016
2015
2017
2016
Leasehold improvements$13,883
$13,615
$14,937
$13,883
Furniture and equipment10,627
9,887
11,113
10,627
Subtotal24,510
23,502
26,050
24,510
Accumulated depreciation and amortization(15,990)(14,197)(17,438)(15,990)
Bank premises and equipment, net$8,520
$9,305
$8,612
$8,520

The amount of depreciation and amortization totaled $1.9 million, $1.8 million, $2.0 million, and $1.6$2.0 million for the years ended December 31, 2017, 2016 2015 and 2014,2015, respectively.

Note 5:  Bank Owned Life Insurance

We own life insurance policies on the lives of certain officers designated by the Board of Directors to financefund our employee benefit programs, and death benefits provided under the specific terms of these programsinsurance policies are estimated to be $71.0$81.9 million at December 31, 20162017. The benefits to employees' beneficiaries are limited to the employee's active service period. The investment in bank owned life insurance policies are reported in interest receivable and other assets at their cash surrender value of $32.438.1 million and $29.532.4 million at December 31, 20162017 and 20152016, respectively. The cash surrender value includes both the original premiums paid for the life insurance policies and the accumulated accretion of policy income since inception of the policies. Income of $844845 thousand, $814844 thousand and $841814 thousand


was recognized on the life insurance policies in 20162017, 20152016 and 20142015, respectively. We regularly monitor the credit ratings of our insurance carriers to ensure that they are in compliancecomply with our policy.

Note 6:  Deposits

A stratification of time deposits at December 31, 20162017 and 20152016 is presented in the following table:
(in thousands)December 31, 2016
December 31, 2015
December 31, 2017
December 31, 2016
Time deposits of less than $100 thousand$36,346
$39,534
$39,361
$36,346
Time deposits of $100 thousand to $250 thousand66,092
67,352
68,391
66,092
Time deposits of more than $250 thousand49,025
54,571
52,364
49,025
Total time deposits$151,463
$161,457
$160,116
$151,463

Interest on time deposits was $743576 thousand, $853743 thousand and $917853 thousand in 20162017, 20152016 and 20142015, respectively.

Scheduled maturities of time deposits at December 31, 20162017 are presented as follows:
(in thousands)2017
2018
2019
2020
2021
Thereafter
Total
2018
2019
2020
2021
2022
Thereafter
Total
Scheduled maturities of time deposits$104,616
$12,325
$7,891
$7,246
$19,385
$
$151,463
$108,352
$13,000
$10,511
$18,976
$9,276
$1
$160,116

As of December 31, 20162017, $36.4107.8 million in securities held-to-maturity and $71.9 million securities available-for-sale were pledged as collateral for our local agency deposits.

Our deposit portfolio includes deposits offered through the Promontory Interfinancial Network that are comprised of Certificate of Deposit Account Registry Service® ("CDARS") balances included in time deposits and Insured Cash Sweep® ("ICS") balances included in money market deposits. In addition, in 2016, we began offering deposits through Reich & Tang Deposit Networks, LLC, comprised of Demand Deposit MarketplaceSM ("DDM") balances, mostly in money market deposits. Through these two networks we are able to offer our customers access to FDIC-insured deposit products in aggregate amounts exceeding current insurance limits. When we place funds through CDARS, ICS and DDM, on behalf of a customer, we typically receivehave the option of receiving matching deposits through the network's reciprocal deposit program. We consider the reciprocal deposits to be in-market deposits as distinguished from traditional out-of-market brokered deposits. We had $15.1$13.5 million and $14.3$15.1 million in CDARS and $29.0$41.0 million and $12.2$29.0 million in ICS balances in the reciprocal deposit program at December 31, 20162017 and 2015,2016, respectively. In addition, we had $29.2 million and $36.4 million in DDM balances in the reciprocal deposit program at December 31, 2016.2017 and 2016, respectively. We also have the ability to place deposits through the networks for which we receive no matching deposits ("one-way" deposits). One-way CDARS and ICS deposits totaled $361 thousand$4.2 million and $355$361 thousand at December 31, 20162017 and 2015,2016, respectively.
 
The aggregate amount of deposit overdrafts that have been reclassified as loan balances was $229224 thousand and $84229 thousand at December 31, 20162017 and 20152016, respectively. Collectability of these overdrafts is subject to the same credit review process as other loans.

The Bank accepts deposits from shareholders, directors and employees in the normal course of business, and the terms are comparable to those with non-affiliated parties. The total deposits from directors and their businesses, and executive officers were $7.329.9 million and $8.3$7.3 million at December 31, 20162017 and 20152016, respectively.


Note 7: Borrowings
 
Federal Funds Purchased – The Bank had unsecured lines of credit totaling $92.0 million with correspondent banks for overnight borrowings totaling $100.4 million at both December 31, 20162017 (including $8.4 million assumed from Bank of Napa) and 2015.$92.0 million at December 31, 2016.  In general, interest rates on these lines approximate the federal funds target rate. We had no overnight borrowings under these credit facilities at December 31, 20162017 and December 31, 2015.2016.
 
Federal Home Loan Bank Borrowings – As of December 31, 20162017 and 2015,2016, the Bank had lines of credit with the FHLB totaling $513.7$538.9 million and $470.6$513.7 million, respectively, based on eligible collateral of certain loans. At December 31, 2016 thereThere were no FHLB overnight borrowings compared to $52.0 million in FHLB overnight borrowings at a rate of 0.27% at December 31, 2015.2017 or 2016. On February 5, 2008, the Bank entered into a ten-year


borrowing agreement under the same FHLB line of credit for $15.0 million at a fixed rate of 2.07%. On June 15, 2016, the Bank repaid the $15.0 million early and incurred a prepayment fee of $312 thousand recorded in interest expense. At December 31, 2017 and 2016, and 2015, $513.7$538.9 million and $403.4$513.7 million, respectively, were remaining as available for borrowing from the FHLB, net of outstanding borrowings and an unused standby letter of credit totaling $241 thousand at December 31, 2015.FHLB.
 
Federal Reserve Line of Credit – The Bank has a line of credit with the Federal Reserve Bank of San Francisco ("FRBSF")FRBSF secured by certain residential loans.  At December 31, 20162017 and 2015,2016, the Bank had borrowing capacity under this line totaling $43.1$52.1 million and $37.8$43.1 million, respectively, and had no outstanding borrowings with the FRBSF.

As part of an acquisition, Bancorp assumed two subordinated debentures due to NorCal Community Bancorp Trusts I and II (the "Trusts"), established for the sole purpose of issuing trust preferred securities on September 22, 2003 and December 29, 2005, respectively. The subordinated debentures were recorded at fair values totaling $4.95 million at acquisition date with contractual values totaling $8.2 million. The difference between the contractual balance and the fair value at acquisition date is accreted into interest expense over the lives of the debentures. Accretion on the subordinated debentures totaled $191$153 thousand, $210191 thousand and $216$210 thousand in 20162017, 20152016 and 2014,2015, respectively. Bancorp has the option to defer payment of the interest on the subordinated debentures for a period of up to five years, as long as there is no default on the subordinated debentures. In the event of interest deferral, dividends to Bancorp common stockholders are prohibited. The trust preferred securities were sold and issued in private transactions pursuant to an exemption from registration under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended. Bancorp has guaranteed, on a subordinated basis, distributions and other payments due on trust preferred securities totaling $8.0 million issued by the Trusts, which have identical maturity, repricing and payment terms as the subordinated debentures.

The following is a summary of the contractual terms of the subordinated debentures due to the Trusts as of December 31, 2016:2017:
(in thousands)  
Subordinated debentures due to NorCal Community Bancorp Trust I on October 7, 2033 with interest payable quarterly, based on 3-month LIBOR plus 3.05%, repricing quarterly (3.93% as of December 31, 2016), redeemable, in whole or in part, on any interest payment date$4,124
Subordinated debentures due to NorCal Community Bancorp Trust II on March 15, 2036 with interest payable quarterly, based on 3-month LIBOR plus 1.40%, repricing quarterly (2.36% as of December 31, 2016), redeemable, in whole or in part, on any interest payment date4,124
Subordinated debentures due to NorCal Community Bancorp Trust I on October 7, 2033 with interest payable quarterly, based on 3-month LIBOR plus 3.05%, repricing quarterly (4.41% as of December 31, 2017), redeemable, in whole or in part, on any interest payment date$4,124
Subordinated debentures due to NorCal Community Bancorp Trust II on March 15, 2036 with interest payable quarterly, based on 3-month LIBOR plus 1.40%, repricing quarterly (2.99% as of December 31, 2017), redeemable, in whole or in part, on any interest payment date4,124
Total$8,248
$8,248
 
Borrowings at December 31, 20162017 and 20152016 are summarized as follows:
2016 20152017 2016 
(dollars in thousands)Carrying Value
Average Balance
Average Rate
 Carrying Value
Average Balance
Average Rate
Carrying Value
Average Balance
Average Rate
 Carrying Value
Average Balance
Average Rate
 
FHLB overnight borrowings$
$5,383
0.42% $52,000
$784
0.38%$
$1
1.75% $
$5,383
0.42% 
FHLB fixed-rate advances$
$6,803
6.59%
1 
$15,000
$15,000
2.07%$
$
% $
$6,803
6.59%
1 
Subordinated debentures$5,586
$5,493
7.80% $5,395
$5,288
7.94%$5,739
$5,664
7.65% $5,586
$5,493
7.80% 
1 AmountAverage rate includes the impact of the $312 thousand prepayment fee in 2016 discussed above.



Note 8:  Stockholders' Equity and Stock Plans
Warrant

Under the United States Department of the Treasury Capital Purchase Program (the “TCPP”), Bancorp issued to the U.S. Treasury a warrant to purchase 154,242 shares of common stock at a per share exercise price of $27.23. The warrant was immediately exercisable and was subsequently auctioned to two institutional investors in November 2011. The warrant, as adjusted, represented the right to purchase 157,711 shares of common stock at $26.63 per share when it was exercised in September 2015 and the cashless exercise resulted in the issuance of 70,591 shares of common stock.

Share-Based Awards

On May 11, 2010, our shareholders approved the 2010 Director Stock Plan to pay director fees in shares of Bancorp common stock up to 150,000 shares. In 2016, 2015addition to cash compensation, we issued 2,878, 4,607 and 2014, our directors were awarded a total5,295 shares of 4,607, 5,295 and 5,306 common shares, respectively, fromunder the 2010 Director Stock Plan to directors in addition to their cash compensation.2017, 2016 and 2015, respectively. As of December 31, 2016, 113,8422017, 110,433 shares were available for future grants under this plan.

On September 27, 2017, the Board of Directors adopted the 2017 Employee Stock Purchase Plan, effective July 1, 2017, which replaced the 2007 Employee Stock Purchase Plan. Under the plan, our employees may purchase Bancorp common shares through payroll deductions of between one percent and fifteen percent of pay in each pay period. Shares are purchased quarterly at a five percent discount from the closing market price on the last day of the quarter.


Of the 200,000 common shares set aside for employee purchases, there were 192,453 shares available for future grants under the plan as of December 31, 2017. Shares purchased under the 2017 plan are restricted until the plan is approved by our shareholders.

On March 17, 2017, the Board of Directors approved the 2017 Equity Plan, which was affirmed by Bancorp's shareholders on May 8, 2007,16, 2017 and replaced the 2007 Equity Plan was approved by the Bank shareholders. The 2007 Equity Plan was subsequently adopted by Bancorp as partPlan. As of the holding company formation. All new share-based awards from the approval2017 Equity Plan's effective date, forward are granted through the 2007 Equity Plan.

The 2007 Equity Plan provides financial incentives for selected employees, advisors and non-employee directors. Terms of the plan provide for the issuance of up to 500,000there were 118,668 shares of common stock available for thesefuture grants to employees, advisors and non-employee directors. As of December 31, 2016,2017, there were 155,750108,981 shares available for future grants under the 20072017 Equity Plan. The Compensation Committee of the Board of Directors has the discretion to determine which employees, advisors and non-employee directors will receive an award, the timing of awards, the vesting schedule for each award, the type of award to be granted, the number of shares of Bancorp stock to be subject to each option and restricted stock award, and any other terms and conditions. Restricted or unrestricted whole-share awards are limited to 250,000 of the total shares available under the 2007 Equity Plan.

Effective July 1, 2007, we adopted an Employee Stock Purchase Plan whereby our employees may purchase Bancorp common shares through payroll deductions of between one percent and fifteen percent of pay in each pay period. Shares are purchased quarterly at a five percent discount from the closing market price on the last day of the quarter. The plan calls for 200,000 common shares to be set aside for employee purchases, and there were 192,965 shares available for future grants under the plan as of December 31, 2016.

The inactive 1999 Stock Option Plan covered certain full-time employees and directors who had substantial responsibility for the successful operation of the Bank. Stock options granted pursuant to the 1999 Stock Option Plan were subsequently adopted by Bancorp as part of the holding company formation. Stock options under that plan now relate to shares of common stock of Bancorp. Upon approval of the 2007 Equity Plan, no new awards have been granted under the 1999 Stock Option Plan.

Options are issued at an exercise price equal to the fair value of the stock at the date of grant. Options and restricted stock awarded to officers and employees during 2006 through 2014 vest 20% on each anniversary of the grant date for five years and expire ten years from the grant date. Options granted to non-employee directors prior to 2016 vest 20% immediately and 20% on each anniversary of the grant date for four years and expire seven years from the grant date. AllIn general, options granted after 2014 for employees and in 2016after 2015 for non-employee directors generally vest by one-third on each anniversary of the grant for three years and expire ten years from the grant date. Options issued as replacement awards in connection with the Bank of Napa acquisition were fully vested as part of the merger agreement with Bank of Napa.

Stock options may be net settled by a reduction in the number of shares otherwise deliverable upon exercise in satisfaction of the exercise payment and applicable tax withholding requirements. During 2017, we withheld 12,208 shares totaling $801 thousand at a weighted-average price of $65.63 for cashless stock option exercises. There were no stock options exercised under net settlement arrangements in 2016 or 2015. Shares withheld under net settlement arrangements are available for future grants.

Beginning in 2015, performance-based stock awards were issued to a selected group of employees. Stock award vesting is contingent upon the achievement of pre-established long-term performance goals set by the Compensation Committee of the Board of Directors. Performance is measured over a three-year period and cliff vested. These performance-based stock awards were granted at a maximum opportunity level, and based on the achievement of the pre-established goals, the actual payouts can range from 0% to 200% of the target award. For performance-based stock awards, an estimate is made of the number of shares expected to vest based on the probability that the


performance criteria will be achieved to determine the amount of compensation expense to be recognized. The estimate is re-evaluated quarterly and total compensation expense is adjusted for any change in the current period.

A summary of activity for stock options for the years ended December 31, 20162017, 20152016 and 20142015 is presented below. The intrinsic value of options outstanding and exercisable is calculated as the number of in-the-money options times the difference between the market price of our stock as of each year endyear-end presented and the exercise prices of the in-the-money options.
 Number of Shares
Weighted Average Exercise Price
 Aggregate Intrinsic Value
(in thousands)

Weighted Average Grant-Date Fair Value
Weighted Average Remaining Contractual Term
(in years)
Options outstanding at December 31, 2013220,456
$32.74
$2,349


4.05
Granted26,421
44.83


$12.04
 
Cancelled, expired or forfeited(2,790)39.01




 
Exercised(49,415)29.39
771


 
Options outstanding at December 31, 2014194,672
35.14
3,398


4.48
      
Exercisable (vested) at December 31, 2014133,153
32.31
2,701


2.88
      
Options outstanding at December 31, 2014194,672
35.14
3,398


4.48
Granted28,320
50.70


12.21
 
Cancelled, expired or forfeited(652)48.38




 
Exercised(37,071)30.72
755


 
Options outstanding at December 31, 2015185,269
38.35
2,788


5.00
      
Exercisable (vested) at December 31, 2015114,581
34.12
2,209


3.21
      
Options outstanding at December 31, 2015185,269
38.35
2,788


5.00
Granted32,637
49.37


10.11
 
Exercised(36,117)33.98
661


 
Options outstanding at December 31, 2016181,789
41.20
5,190


5.77
      
Exercisable (vested) at December 31, 2016103,211
36.65
3,416


4.18


The following table shows
 Number of Shares
Weighted Average Exercise Price
 Aggregate Intrinsic Value
(in thousands)

Weighted Average Grant-Date Fair Value
Weighted Average Remaining Contractual Term
(in years)
Options outstanding at December 31, 2014194,672
$35.14
$3,398


4.48
Granted28,320
50.70


$12.21
 
Cancelled, expired or forfeited(652)48.38




 
Exercised(37,071)30.72
755


 
Options outstanding at December 31, 2015185,269
38.35
2,788


5.00
Exercisable (vested) at December 31, 2015114,581
34.12
2,209


3.21
Options outstanding at December 31, 2015185,269
38.35
2,788


5.00
Granted32,637
49.37


10.11
 
Exercised(36,117)33.98
661


 
Options outstanding at December 31, 2016181,789
41.20
5,190


5.77
Exercisable (vested) at December 31, 2016103,211
36.65
3,416


4.18
Options outstanding at December 31, 2016181,789
41.20
5,190


5.77
Granted 1
100,664
39.78


32.61
 
Cancelled, expired or forfeited(2,011)43.97




 
Exercised(21,474)38.62
585


 
Options outstanding at December 31, 2017258,968
40.84
7,075


5.34
Exercisable (vested) at December 31, 2017192,172
35.69
6,212


4.42
1 Includes 70,145 replacement stock option awards issued in the number,Acquisition with a $27.20 weighted average exercise price intrinsic value, and a $40.71 weighted average remaining contractual life of options outstanding, vested and expected to vest as of December 31, 2016.
Number of options177,122
Weighted average exercise price$41.03
Aggregate intrinsic value (in thousands)
$5,086
Weighted average remaining contractual term (in years)
5.71
grant-date fair value. See Note 18, Acquisition.

The following table summarizes non-vested restricted stock awards and changes during the years ended December 31, 2017, 2016 2015 and 2014.


2015.
 Restricted Stock Awards
 Number of Shares
Weighted Average Grant-Date Fair Value
Non-vested awards at December 31, 201322,521
$37.59
  Granted8,523
45.36
  Vested(6,554)34.65
  Forfeited(2,067)39.32
Non-vested awards at December 31, 201422,423
41.25
  Granted15,970
50.75
  Vested(6,555)40.00
  Forfeited(450)48.45
Non-vested awards at December 31, 201531,388
46.24
  Granted16,910
49.65
  Vested(8,599)44.14
Non-vested awards at December 31, 201639,699
48.15

As of December 31, 2016, there was $1.6 million of total unrecognized compensation expense related to non-vested stock options and restricted stock awards. This cost is expected to be recognized over a weighted-average period of approximately 1.8 years. The total grant-date fair value of stock options vested during the years ended December 31, 2016, 2015 and 2014 was $282 thousand, $202 thousand and $187 thousand, respectively. The total grant-date fair value of restricted stock awards vested during 2016, 2015 and 2014 was $380 thousand, $262 thousand and $227 thousand, respectively.
 Number of Shares
Weighted Average Grant-Date Fair Value
Non-vested awards at December 31, 201422,423
$41.25
  Granted15,970
50.75
  Vested(6,555)40.00
  Forfeited(450)48.45
Non-vested awards at December 31, 201531,388
46.24
  Granted16,910
49.65
  Vested(8,599)44.14
Non-vested awards at December 31, 201639,699
48.15
  Granted16,230
69.59
  Vested(10,321)45.78
Non-vested awards at December 31, 201745,608
56.31

A summary of the options outstanding and exercisable by price range as of December 31, 20162017 is presented in the following table:
 Stock Options Outstanding as of December 31, 2016  Stock Options Exercisable as of December 31, 2016
Range of Exercise PricesStock Options Outstanding
Remaining Contractual Life (in years)
Weighted Average Exercise Price
 Stock Options Exercisable
Weighted Average Exercise Price
$20.00 - $25.0013,138
2.3$22.25
 13,138
$22.25
$25.01 - $30.0010,180
1.328.75
 10,180
28.75
$30.01 - $35.009,195
3.333.10
 9,195
33.10
$35.01 - $40.0046,588
4.137.70
 39,038
37.48
$40.01 - $45.0029,551
5.941.95
 17,130
41.91
$45.01 - $50.0045,187
8.748.40
 5,020
45.88
$50.01 - $55.0027,950
7.950.70
 9,510
50.69
 181,789



 103,211


 Stock Options Outstanding as of December 31, 2017  Stock Options Exercisable as of December 31, 2017
Range of Exercise PricesStock Options Outstanding
Remaining Contractual Life (in years)Weighted Average Exercise Price
 Stock Options Exercisable
Weighted Average Exercise Price
$10.00 - $20.0014,120
2.1$17.74
 14,120
$17.74
$20.01 - $30.0051,731
1.126.05
 51,731
26.05
$30.01 - $40.0070,363
5.335.53
 68,238
35.41
$40.01 - $50.0064,511
7.146.14
 33,224
44.73
$50.01 - $60.0027,724
6.950.70
 18,200
50.70
$60.01 - $70.0030,519
9.368.68
 6,659
65.46
 258,968



 192,172





We determine the fair value of stock options at the grant date using the Black-Scholes pricing model that takes into account the stock price at the grant date, the exercise price, and the following assumptions (weighted-average shown).
 Years ended December 31,
 2017
2016
2015
Risk-free interest rate1.66%1.37%1.67%
Expected dividend yield on common stock1.70%2.02%1.75%
Expected life in years2.4
6.0
6.0
Expected price volatility25.58%25.56%28.06%

The fair value of stock options on the grant date is recorded as a stock-based compensation expense in the consolidated statements of comprehensive income over the requisite service period with a corresponding increase in common stock. Stock-based compensation also includes compensation expense related to the issuance of restricted stock awards pursuant to the 2007 Equity Plan.awards. The grant-date fair value of the restricted stock awards, which equals intrinsic value on that date, is being recorded as compensation expense over the requisite service period. Total compensation cost for these share-based payment arrangements was $1.3 million, $994 thousand and $636 thousand during 2017, 2016 and $446 thousand during 2016, 2015, and 2014, respectively, and the total recognized deferred tax benefits related thereto were $293 thousand, $318 thousand and $194 thousand, respectively.

As of December 31, 2017, there was $1.5 million of total unrecognized compensation expense related to non-vested stock options and $128restricted stock awards. This cost is expected to be recognized over a weighted-average period of approximately 2.1 years. The total grant-date fair value of stock options vested during the years ended December 31, 2017, 2016 and 2015 was $449 thousand, $282 thousand and $202 thousand, respectively. In addition, weThe total grant-date fair value of restricted stock awards vested during 2017, 2016 and 2015 was $473 thousand, $380 thousand and $262 thousand, respectively.

We adopted ASU No. 2016-09, Compensation - Stock Compensation (Topic 718): Improvements to Employee Share-Based Payment Accounting effective January 1, 2017 as discussed in Note 1, which requires us to record excess tax benefits if any, on(deficiencies) resulting from the exercise of non-qualified stock options, the disqualifying disposition of incentive stock options and vesting of restricted stock awards as an addition to common stockincome tax benefits (expense) in the consolidated statements of comprehensive income with a corresponding decrease in(increase) to current taxes payable. For the year ended December 31, 2017, we recognized $214 thousand in excess tax benefits recorded as a reduction to income tax expense related to these types of transactions. Prior to the adoption of this ASU, excess tax benefits (deficiencies) were recognized as an increase (decrease) to common stock in the consolidated statements of changes in stockholders' equity. The tax benefitbenefits realized from disqualifying dispositions of incentive stock options were recognized in tax expense to the consolidated statementsextent of comprehensive incomethe book compensation cost recorded. Total tax benefits from disqualifying dispositions of incentive stock options recognized during 2016 and 2015 and 2014 waswere $70 thousand and $49 thousand, and $76 thousand, respectively.


We determine the fair value of stock options at the grant date using the Black-Scholes pricing model that takes into account the stock price at the grant date, the exercise price, and the following assumptions (weighted-average shown).
 Years ended December 31,
 2016
2015
2014
Risk-free interest rate1.37%1.67%2.04%
Expected dividend yield on common stock2.02%1.75%1.70%
Expected life in years6.0
6.0
6.0
Expected price volatility25.56%28.06%30.32%

Dividends
 
Presented below is a summary of cash dividends paid to common shareholders, recorded as a reduction of retained earnings. On January 20, 2017,19, 2018, the Board of Directors declared a cash dividend of $0.27$0.29 per share, payable on February 10, 20179, 2018 to shareholders of record at the close of business on February 3, 2017.2, 2018.
Years ended December 31,Years ended December 31,
(in thousands except per share data)2016
2015
2014
2017
2016
2015
Cash dividends to common stockholders$6,223
$5,390
$4,733
$6,896
$6,223
$5,390
Cash dividends per common share$1.02
$0.90
$0.80
$1.12
$1.02
$0.90
 
The holders of the unvested restricted commonstock awards and performance-based stock awards are entitled to dividends on the same per-share ratio as the holders of common stock. DividendsUpon the adoption of ASU No. 2016-09, tax benefits on dividends paid on unvested restricted stock awards are recorded as tax benefits in the portionconsolidated statements of share-basedcomprehensive income with a corresponding decrease to current taxes payable. Dividends on forfeited awards not expected to vest are included in stock-based compensation expense. TaxPrior to the adoption of ASU No. 2016-09, tax benefits on dividends paid on the portion of share-based awards expected to vest are recordedwere recognized as an increase to common stock with a corresponding decrease in current taxes payable.the consolidated statements of changes in stockholders' equity.



Under the California Corporations Code, payment of dividends by Bancorp to its shareholders is restricted to the amount of retained earnings immediately prior to the distribution or the amount of assets that exceeds the total liabilities immediately after the distribution. As of December 31, 20162017, Bancorp's retained earnings and the amount of assets that exceeds the total liabilities were $146.5$155.5 million and $230.6$297.0 million, respectively.

Under the California Financial Code, payment of dividends by the Bank to Bancorp is restricted to the lesser of retained earnings or the amount of undistributed net profits of the Bank from the three most recent fiscal years. Under this restriction, approximately $50.8$39.9 million of the Bank's retained earnings balance was available for payment of dividends to Bancorp as of December 31, 2016.2017. Bancorp held $3.5$3.2 million in cash at December 31, 2016.2017. This cash, combined with the $50.8$39.9 million dividends available to be distributed from the Bank, is expected to be adequate to cover Bancorp's estimated operational needs and cash dividends to shareholders for 2017.2018.

Preferred Stock and Shareholder Rights Plan

On July 2, 2007,6, 2017, Bancorp executedadopted a new shareholder rights agreement (“Rights Agreement”), which replaced the existing Rights Agreement that expired on July 23, 2017. The Rights Agreement, which expires on July 23, 2022, is designed to discourage takeovers that involve abusive tactics or do not provide fair value to shareholders. The Rights Agreement was amended on June 17, 2016 to reducedefines the percentage of share ownership definingof an "acquiring person" and certain related terms from 15% toas 10% of the outstanding common shares. Each right entitles the registered holder to purchase from Bancorp one one-hundredth of a share of Series A Junior Participating Preferred Stock, no par value, of Bancorp at an initial price of $90 per one one-hundredth of a preferred share, subject to adjustment upon the occurrence of certain events. As of December 31, 2016,2017, Bancorp was authorized to issue five million shares of preferred stock with no par value, one million shares of which have been designated as Series A Junior Participating Preferred Stock, with no par value under the Rights Agreement. In the event of a proposed merger, tender offer or other attempt to gain control of Bancorp that the Board of Directors does not approve, it might be possible for the Board of Directors tomay authorize the issuance of shares of common or preferred stock that would impede the completion of such a transaction. An effect of the possible issuance of common or preferred stock, therefore, may be to deter a future takeover attempt. The Board of Directors has no present plans or understandings for the issuance of any common or preferred stock in connection with the Rights Agreement.

Warrant

Under the United States Department of the Treasury Capital Purchase Program (the “TCPP”), Bancorp issued to the U.S. Treasury a warrant to purchase 154,242 shares of common stock at a per share exercise price of $27.23. The warrant was immediately exercisable and was subsequently auctioned to two institutional investors in November 2011. The warrant, as adjusted, represented the right to purchase 157,711 shares of common stock at $26.63 per share when it was exercised in September 2015 and the cashless exercise resulted in the issuance of 70,591 shares of common stock.



Note 9:  Fair Value of Assets and Liabilities
 
Fair Value Hierarchy and Fair Value Measurement
 
We group our assets and liabilities that are measured at fair value in three levels within the fair value hierarchy, based on the markets in which the assets and liabilities are traded and the reliability of the assumptions used to determine fair value. These levels are:
 
Level 1: Valuations are based on unadjusted quoted prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities.
 
Level 2: Valuations are based on quoted prices for similar instruments in active markets, quoted prices for identical or similar instruments in markets that are not active and model-based valuations for which all significant assumptions are observable or can be corroborated by observable market data.
 
Level 3: Valuations are based on unobservable inputs that are supported by little or no market activity and that are significant to the fair value of the assets or liabilities. Values are determined using pricing models and discounted cash flow models and may include significant Management judgment and estimation.

Transfers between levels of the fair value hierarchy are recognized through our monthly and/or quarterly valuation process in the reporting period during which the event or circumstances that caused the transfer occurred.

The following table summarizes our assets and liabilities that were required to be recorded at fair value on a recurring basis.
(in thousands)
Description of Financial Instruments
Carrying Value
Quoted Prices in Active Markets for Identical Assets (Level 1)
Significant Other Observable Inputs (Level 2)
Significant Unobservable Inputs (Level 3)
 Carrying Value
Quoted Prices in Active Markets for Identical Assets (Level 1)
Significant Other Observable Inputs (Level 2)
Significant Unobservable Inputs (Level 3)
December 31, 2016    
December 31, 2017   
Securities available for sale:       
Mortgage-backed securities and collaterized mortgage obligations issued by U.S. government agencies$254,041
$
$253,434
$607
 
Mortgage-backed securities and collateralized mortgage obligations issued by U.S. government agencies$188,061
$
$188,061
$
SBA-backed securities$25,982
$
$25,817
$165
Debentures of government sponsored agencies$35,403
$
$35,403
$
 $12,938
$
$12,938
$
Privately-issued collateralized mortgage obligations$419
$
$419
$
 $1,431
$
$1,431
$
Obligations of state and political subdivisions$77,701
$
$77,701
$
 $97,491
$
$97,491
$
Corporate bonds$5,016
$
$5,016
$
 $6,564
$
$6,564
$
Derivative financial assets (interest rate contracts)$55
$
$55
$
 $74
$
$74
$
Derivative financial liabilities (interest rate contracts)$933
$
$933
$
 $740
$
$740
$
December 31, 2015 
  
 
 
December 31, 2016 
  
 
Securities available for sale: 
  
 
  
  
 
Mortgage-backed securities and collaterized mortgage obligations issued by U.S. government agencies$190,093
$
$188,381
$1,712
 
Mortgage-backed securities and collateralized mortgage obligations issued by U.S. government agencies$253,434
$
$253,434
$
SBA-backed securities$607
$
$
$607
Debentures of government sponsored agencies$160,892
$
$160,892
$
 $35,403
$
$35,403
$
Privately-issued collateralized mortgage obligations$4,150
$
$4,150
$
 $419
$
$419
$
Obligations of state and political subdivisions$57,673
$
$57,673
$
 $77,701
$
$77,701
$
Corporate bonds$4,979
$
$4,979
$
 $5,016
$
$5,016
$
Derivative financial assets (interest rate contracts)$3
$
$3
$
 $55
$
$55
$
Derivative financial liabilities (interest rate contracts)$1,658
$
$1,658
$
 $933
$
$933
$
 
Securities available-for-sale are recorded at fair value on a recurring basis. When available, quoted market prices (Level 1) are used to determine the fair value of securities available-for-sale. If quoted market prices are not available, we obtain pricing information from a reputable third-party service provider, who may utilize valuation techniques that


use current market-based or independently sourced parameters, such as bid/ask prices, dealer-quoted prices, interest


rates, benchmark yield curves, prepayment speeds, probability of default, loss severity and credit spreads (Level 2).   Level 2 securities include obligations of state and political subdivisions, U.S. agencies or government-sponsored agencies' debt securities, mortgage-backed securities, government agency-issued, privately-issued collateralized mortgage obligations and corporate bonds. As of December 31, 20162017 and 2015,2016, there were no securities that were considered Level 1 securities. As of December 31, 20162017, we have one available-for-sale security that is considered a Level 3 security. The security is a U.S. government agency obligation collateralized by a small number of business equipment loans guaranteed by the Small Business Administration ("SBA") program. This security is not actively traded and is owned only by a few investors. The significant unobservable data that is reflected in the fair value measurement include dealer quotes, projected prepayment speeds/average life and credit information, among other things. The decrease in fair value during 2016 was due to the pay-off of one of the larger loans in the pool collateralizing the security. The unrealized gain or loss on this SBA-guaranteed security decreased by $15$6 thousand in the same period2017 recorded as part of other comprehensive income.

Securities held-to-maturity may be written down to fair value (determined using the same techniques discussed above for securities available-for-sale) as a result of an other-than-temporary impairment, and we did not record any write-downs during 20162017 or 2015.2016.

On a recurring basis, derivative financial instruments are recorded at fair value, which is based on the income approach using observable Level 2 market inputs, reflecting market expectations of future interest rates as of the measurement date.  Standard valuation techniques are used to calculate the present value of the future expected cash flows assuming an orderly transaction.  Valuation adjustments may be made to reflect both our own credit risk and the counterparties’ credit risk in determining the fair value of the derivatives. Level 2 inputs for the valuations are limited to observable market prices for London Interbank Offered Rate (“LIBOR”) and Overnight Index Swap ("OIS") rates (for the very short term), quoted prices for LIBOR futures contracts, observable market prices for LIBOR and OIS swap rates, and one-month and three-month LIBOR basis spreads at commonly quoted intervals. Mid-market pricing of the inputs is used as a practical expedient in the fair value measurements. We project spot rates at reset days specified by each swap contract to determine future cash flows, then discount to present value using either LIBOR or OIS curves depending on whether the swap positions are fully collateralized as of the measurement date. When the value of any collateral placed with counterparties is less than the interest rate derivative liability, a credit valuation adjustment ("CVA") is applied to reflect the credit risk we pose to counterparties. We have used the spread between the Standard & Poor's BBB rated U.S. Bank Composite rate and LIBOR for the closest maturity term corresponding to the duration of the swaps to derive the CVA. A similar credit risk adjustment, correlated to the credit standing of the counterparty, is made when collateral posted by the counterparty does not fully cover their liability to the Bank. For further discussion on our methodology in valuing our derivative financial instruments, refer to Note 14, Derivative Financial Instruments and Hedging Activities.Activities.
 
Certain financial assets may be measured at fair value on a non-recurring basis. These assets arecan be subject to fair value adjustments that result from the application of the lower of cost or fair value accounting or write-downs of individual assets, such as impaired loans and other real estate owned ("OREO"). In addition, assets acquired or liabilities assumed from business combinations are measured at fair value at the date of acquisition. Refer to Note 18 for details of fair value measurement used in association with business combinations.

The following table presents the carrying value of assets and liabilities measured at fair value on a non-recurring basis and that were held in the consolidated statements of condition at each respective period end, by level within the fair value hierarchy as of December 31, 20162017 and 2015.2016.
(in thousands)
Description of Financial Instruments
Carrying Value
Quoted Prices in Active Markets for Identical Assets
(Level 1)

Significant Other Observable Inputs
(Level 2)

Significant Unobservable Inputs 
(Level 3)

Carrying Value
Quoted Prices in Active Markets for Identical Assets
(Level 1)

Significant Other Observable Inputs
(Level 2)

Significant Unobservable Inputs 
(Level 3)

December 31, 2017  
 
 
None$
$
$
$
December 31, 2016  
 
 
 
 
 
 
Other real estate$408
$
$
$408
$408
$
$
$408
December 31, 2015 
 
 
 
Other real estate$421
$
$
$421
 


When a loan is identified as impaired, it is reported at the lower of cost or fair value, measured based on the loan's observable market price (Level 1) or the current net realizable value of the underlying collateral securing the loan, if the loan is collateral dependent (Level 3).  Net realizable value of the underlying collateral is the fair value of the


collateral less estimated selling costs and any prior liens. Appraisals, recent comparable sales, offers and listing prices are factored in when valuing the collateral. We review and verify the qualifications and licenses of the certified general appraisers used for appraising commercial properties or certified residential appraisers for residential properties. Real estate appraisals may utilize a combination of approaches including replacement cost, sales comparison and the income approach. Comparable sales and income data are analyzed by the appraisers and adjusted to reflect differences between them and the subject property such as property characteristics, leasing status and physical condition. When appraisals are received, Management reviews the underlying assumptions and methodology utilized, as well as the overall resulting value in conjunction with independent data sources such as recent market data and industry-wide statistics. We generally use a 6% discount for selling costs which is applied to all properties, regardless of size. Appraised values may be adjusted to reflect changes in market conditions that have occurred subsequent to the appraisal date, or for revised estimates regarding the timing or cost of the property sale. These adjustments are based on qualitative judgments made by Management on a case-by-case basis and are generally unobservable valuation inputs as they are specific to the underlying collateral. There have been no significant changes in the valuation techniques during 2016.2017.

OREO represents collateral acquired through foreclosure and is initially recorded at fair value as established by a current appraisal, adjusted for disposition costs. Subsequently, OREO is measured at lower of cost or fair value. OREO values are reviewed on an ongoing basis and any subsequent decline in fair value is recorded as a foreclosed asset expense in the current period. The value of OREO is determined based on independent appraisals, similar to the process used for impaired loans, discussed above, and is classified as Level 3. All OREO resulted from an acquisition. Decreases in the estimated fair valuehad been acquired through business combinations and were sold as of OREO totaled $13 thousand and $40 thousand during 2016 and 2015, respectively.December 31, 2017.

Disclosures about Fair Value of Financial Instruments
 
The table below is a summary of fair value estimates for financial instruments as of December 31, 20162017 and 2015,2016, excluding financial instruments recorded at fair value on a recurring basis (summarized in the first table in this note). The carrying amounts in the following table are recorded in the consolidated statements of condition under the indicated captions. Further, we have not disclosed the fair value of financial instruments specifically excluded from disclosure requirements of the Financial Instruments Topic of the Codification (ASC 825-10-50-8), such as BOLI. Additionally, we hold shares of FHLB stock and Visa Inc. Class B common stock at cost. These shares are restricted from resale and their values were discussed in Note 2, Investment Securities, above.
December 31, 2016 December 31, 2015December 31, 2017 December 31, 2016
(in thousands)Carrying Amounts
Fair Value
Fair Value Hierarchy Carrying Amounts
Fair Value
Fair Value HierarchyCarrying Amounts
Fair Value
Fair Value Hierarchy Carrying Amounts
Fair Value
Fair Value Hierarchy
Financial assets:            
Cash and cash equivalents$48,804
$48,804
Level 1 $26,343
$26,343
Level 1$203,545
$203,545
Level 1 $48,804
$48,804
Level 1
Investment securities held-to-maturity44,438
45,097
Level 2 69,637
71,054
Level 2151,032
151,032
Level 2 44,438
45,097
Level 2
Loans, net1,471,174
1,473,360
Level 3 1,436,229
1,470,380
Level 31,663,246
1,650,198
Level 3 1,471,174
1,473,360
Level 3
Interest receivable6,319
6,319
Level 2 6,643
6,643
Level 27,501
7,501
Level 2 6,319
6,319
Level 2
Financial liabilities: 
 
  
 
  
 
  
 
 
Deposits1,772,700
1,773,102
Level 2 1,728,226
1,728,717
Level 22,148,670
2,148,050
Level 2 1,772,700
1,773,102
Level 2
Federal Home Loan Bank borrowing

Level 2 67,000
67,279
Level 2
Subordinated debentures5,586
5,083
Level 3 5,395
5,132
Level 35,739
5,118
Level 3 5,586
5,083
Level 3
Interest payable134
134
Level 2 187
187
Level 2191
191
Level 2 134
134
Level 2

Following is a description of methods and assumptions used to estimate the fair value of each class of financial instrument not recorded at fair value but required for disclosure purposes:
 
Cash and Cash Equivalents - The carrying amounts of cash and cash equivalents approximate their fair value because of the short-term nature of these instruments.
 
Held-to-maturity Securities - Held-to-maturity securities, which generally consist of obligations of state and political subdivisions and corporate bonds, are recorded at their amortized cost. Their fair value for disclosure purposes is


determined using methodologies similar to those described above for available-for-sale securities using Level 2 inputs. If Level 2 inputs are not available, we may utilize pricing models that incorporate unobservable inputs that are supported by little or no market activity and that are significant to the fair value of the assets or liabilities (Level 3).  As of December 31, 20162017 and 20152016, we did not hold any held-to-maturity securities whose fair value was measured using significant unobservable inputs.
 
Loans - The fair value of loans with variable interest rates approximates their current carrying value, because their rates are regularly adjusted to current market rates. The fair value of fixed rate loans or variable loans at negotiated interest rate floors or ceilings with remaining maturities in excess of one year is estimated by discounting the future cash flows using current market rates at which similar loans would be made to borrowers with similar creditworthiness and similar remaining maturities. The allowance for loan losses (“ALLL”) is considered to be a reasonable estimate of the portion of loan discount attributable to credit risks.
 
Interest Receivable and Payable - The interest receivable and payable balances approximate their fair value due to the short-term nature of their settlement dates.

Deposits - The fair value of deposits without stated maturity, such as transaction accounts, savings accounts and money market accounts, is the amount payable on demand at the reporting date. The fair value of time deposits is estimated by discounting the future cash flows using current rates offered for deposits of similar remaining maturities.
 
Federal Home Loan Bank Borrowing - The fair value is estimated by discounting the future cash flows using current rates offered by the Federal Home Loan Bank of San Francisco ("FHLB") for similar credit advances corresponding to the remaining term of our fixed-rate credit advances.
Subordinated Debentures - The fair values of the subordinated debentures were estimated by discounting the future cash flows (interest payment at a rate of three-month LIBOR plus 3.05% and 1.40%) to their present values using current market rates at which similar bonds would be issued with similar credit ratings as ours and similar remaining maturities. Each interest payment was discounted at the spot rate of the corresponding term, determined based on the yields and terms of comparable trust preferred securities, plus a liquidity premium. In July 2010, the Dodd-Frank Act was signed into law and limits the ability of certain bank holding companies to treat trust preferred security debt issuances as Tier 1 capital. This law effectively closed the trust-preferred securities markets for new issuances and led to the absence of observable or comparable transactions in the market place. Due to the use of unobservable inputs of trust preferred securities, we consider the fair value to be a Level 3 measurement. See Note 7, Borrowings for further information.

Commitments - The value of unrecognized financial instruments is estimated based on the fee income associated with the commitments which, in the absence of credit exposure, is considered to approximate their settlement value. The fair value of commitment fees was not material as of December 31, 20162017 and 2015,2016, respectively.

Note 10: Benefit Plans

In 2003, we established a Deferred Compensation Plan that allows certain key Management personnel designated by the Board of Directors of the Bank to defer up to 80% of their salary and 100% of their annual bonus. The plan was amended in 2007 in order to comply with the most recent Internal Revenue Code Section 409A changes. Under the amended plan, amounts deferred earn interest that is equal to the prime rate as published in the Wall Street Journal, on the first business day of the year, which was 3.5%3.75% on January 1, 2017, 3.50% on January 1, 2016 and 3.25% on both January 1, 2015 and 2014.2015. Our deferred compensation obligation totaled $3.2$3.4 million and $3.03.2 million at December 31, 20162017 and 2015,2016, respectively, and is included in interest payable and other liabilities.



Our 401(k) Defined Contribution Plan (the “401(k) Plan”) commenced in May 1990 and is available to all regular employees at least eighteen years of age who complete ninety days of service, and enter the plan during one of the four open enrollment dates (January 1, April 1, July 1, and October 1) of each year. Under the 401(k) Plan, employees can defer between 1% and 50% of their eligible compensation, up to the maximum amount allowed by the Internal Revenue Code. Contributions to the 401(k) Plan for the employer match are vested at a rate of 20% per year over a five year period. TheIn 2015 and 2016, the Bank matched 50%60% of each participant's contribution, prior to 2013 at which timewith a maximum of $4 thousand of matching contribution per participant per year. In 2017, the Bank increased the match to 60%,70% of each participant's contribution, with a maximum of $4$5 thousand annually.of matching contribution per participant per year. Employer contributions totaled $765 thousand, $589 thousand $555 thousand and $548$555 thousand for the years ended December 31, 2017, 2016 and 2015, and 2014, respectively.



In 1999, the 401(k) Plan was amended to include an employee stock ownership component and was renamed the Bank of Marin Employee Stock Ownership and Savings Plan (the “Plan”). Under the terms of the Plan, as amended, the Board of Directors determines a specific portion of the Bank's profits to be contributed to the employee stock ownership each year either in common stock or in cash for the purchase of Bancorp stock to be allocated to all eligible employees based on a percentage of their salaries, regardless of whether an employee is participating in the 401(k) plan or not. In January 2010, the Bank of Marin Employee Stock Ownership and Savings Plan was split into two plans: Bank of Marin 401(k) Plan and Bank of Marin Employee Stock Ownership Plan ("ESOP"). The same eligibility criteria apply under the ESOP, while employees' contributions are not permitted. For all participants, employer contributions vest over a five year period of service. After five years of service, all employer contributions vest immediately. The Bank of Marin 401(k) Plan was amended in early 2016 to incorporate recent changes in the pension laws, and was amended again in November 2016 to include a Roth 401(k) option.

The Bank contributed cash in the amount of $1.2 million in 2016 and $1.1 million and $1.2 million in 2016, 2015 and 2014, respectively, to the ESOP, which purchased Bancorp stock at market prices. Starting in 2017, Bancorp issued shares of common stock and contributed them to the ESOP and recognized $1.2 million in expense, based on the quoted market price on the date of contribution. Cash dividends paid on Bancorp stock held by the ESOP are used to purchase additional shares in the open market. All shares of Bancorp stock held by the ESOP are included in the calculations of basic and diluted earnings per share. The employer contributions to the ESOP and the 401(k) Plan are included in salaries and benefits expense.

On January 1, 2011, we established a Salary Continuation Plan for a select group of Executive Management, who will receive twenty-five percent of their estimated salary at retirement as salary continuation benefit payments upon retirement.  Each participant will need to participate in this plan for five years before vesting begins. After five years, the participant will vest ratably in the benefit over the remaining period until age 65. This Plan is unfunded and nonqualified for tax purposes and for purposes of Title I of the Employee Retirement Income Security Act of 1974. As part of the acquisition of Bank of Napa in November 2017, we assumed the salary continuation agreements for four former executive officers of Bank of Napa. Under these agreements, fixed annual retirement benefit payments will be made for ten years beginning the first day of the month following the executive reaching the age of 65. At December 31, 20162017 and 2015,2016, respectively, our liability under the Salary Continuation Plan was $2.5 million (including $1.2 million assumed from Bank of Napa) and $1.0 million and $823 thousand recorded in interest payable and other liabilities.

Note 11: Income Taxes

The current and deferred components of the income tax provision for each of the three years ended December 31 are as follows:
(in thousands)2016
2015
2014
2017
2016
2015
Current tax provision  
Federal$9,710
$7,097
$8,523
$5,379
$9,710
$7,097
State3,794
2,931
3,195
2,623
3,794
2,931
Total current13,504
10,028
11,718
8,002
13,504
10,028
Deferred tax provision (benefit)  
Federal(206)382
(146)4,444
(206)382
State48
80
126
416
48
80
Total deferred(158)462
(20)4,860
(158)462
Total income tax provision$13,346
$10,490
$11,698
$12,862
$13,346
$10,490

On December 22, 2017, the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act of 2017 was signed into law. The law reduces the federal corporate income tax rate to 21% for tax years beginning on or after January 1, 2018. Due to the enactment of the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act of 2017, the Bank has valued all of its deferred tax assets and liabilities at the 21% rate. The adjustment to the net deferred tax assets valuation as of December 22, 2017 was $3.0 million and has been recorded in the provision for income taxes in the fourth quarter of 2017.



The following table shows the tax effect of our cumulative temporary differences as of December 31:
(in thousands)2016
2015
2017
2016
Deferred tax assets:  
Allowance for loan losses and off-balance sheet credit commitments$6,871
$5,918
$4,945
$6,871
Net operating loss carryforwards3,582
4,090
2,629
3,582
Net unrealized loss on securities available-for-sale2,543
59
1,405
2,543
Deferred compensation plan and salary continuation plan1,773
1,619
1,744
1,773
State franchise tax1,300
1,005
557
1,300
Accrued but unpaid expenses1,251
1,188
212
1,251
Fair value adjustment on acquired loans799
1,197
570
799
Deferred rent and other lease incentives547
595
328
547
Depreciation and disposals on premises and equipment528
231
632
528
Other real estate owned448
448

448
Stock-based compensation398
273
463
398
Interest received on non-accrual loans185
864
130
185
Other196
381
266
196
Total gross deferred tax assets20,421
17,868
13,881
20,421
Deferred tax liabilities:  
Deferred loan origination costs and fees(2,784)(2,567)(2,153)(2,784)
Unaccreted discount on subordinated debentures(1,119)(1,200)(742)(1,119)
Core deposit intangible asset(1,085)(1,309)(1,919)(1,085)
Accretion on investment securities(54)(55)(56)(54)
Other(42)(42)(221)(42)
Total gross deferred tax liabilities(5,084)(5,173)(5,091)(5,084)
Net deferred tax assets$15,337
$12,695
$8,790
$15,337

As of December 31, 20162017, federal and California net operating loss carryforwards ("NOLs") of $6.3$5.1 million and $19.3$18.1 million, respectively, corresponded to the total $3.6$2.6 million deferred tax asset above. If not fully utilized, the federal NOLs will begin to expire in 2029,2030, and the California NOLs will begin to expire in 2028. Based upon the level of historical taxable income and projections for future taxable income over the periods during which the deferred tax assets are expected to be deductible, Management believes it is more likely than not we will realize the benefit of the remaining deferred tax assets. Accordingly, no valuation allowance has been established as of December 31, 20162017 or 20152016.

The effective tax rate for 20162017, 20152016 and 20142015 differs from the current federal statutory income tax rate as follows:
2016
2015
2014
2017
2016
2015
Federal statutory income tax rate35.0 %35.0 %35.0 %35.0 %35.0 %35.0 %
Increase (decrease) due to:  
California franchise tax, net of federal tax benefit6.8 %6.8 %6.8 %6.9 %6.8 %6.8 %
Write down of federal deferred tax assets, net 1
10.5 % % %
Tax exempt interest on municipal securities and loans(4.0)%(4.2)%(3.3)%(6.1)%(4.0)%(4.2)%
Tax exempt earnings on bank owned life insurance(0.8)%(1.0)%(0.9)%(1.0)%(0.8)%(1.0)%
Non-deductible acquisition related expenses0.8 % % %
Low income housing and qualified zone academy bond tax credits(0.3)%(0.2)%(0.1)%(0.4)%(0.3)%(0.2)%
Stock-based compensation excess tax benefit 2
(0.3)% % %
Other(0.1)%(0.1)%(0.3)%(0.8)%(0.1)%(0.1)%
Effective Tax Rate36.6 %36.3 %37.2 %44.6 %36.6 %36.3 %

1 Due to the enactment of the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act of 2017, which reduces the federal corporate income tax rate to 21% for tax years beginning on or after January 1, 2018, we wrote down net deferred tax assets as of December 22, 2017 by $3.0 million and has been recorded in income tax expense in 2017.

2 Due to the adoption of ASU 2016-09 in 2017, all excess (or deficient) tax benefits associated with stock-based compensation awards are recognized as income tax benefit (expense).

Bancorp and the Bank have entered into a tax allocation agreement, which provides that income taxes shall be allocated between the parties on a separate entity basis. The intent of this agreement is that each member of the consolidated group will incur no greater tax liability than it would have incurred on a stand-alone basis.



We file a consolidated return in the U.S. Federal tax jurisdiction and a combined return in the State of California tax jurisdiction. There were no ongoing federal or state income tax examinations at the issuance of this report. We are


no longer subject to examinations by tax authorities for years before 20132014 for federal income tax and before 20122013 for California. At December 31, 20162017 and 2015,2016, there were no unrecognized tax benefits, and neither the Bank nor Bancorp had accruals for interest and penalties related to unrecognized tax benefits.

Note 12:  Commitments and Contingencies

We rent certain premises under long-term, non-cancelable operating leases expiring at various dates through the year 2032. Most of the leases contain certain renewal options and escalation clauses. At December 31, 2016,2017, the approximate minimum future commitments payable under non-cancelable contracts for leased premises are as follows:
(in thousands)2017
2018
2019
2020
2021
Thereafter
Total
2018
2019
2020
2021
2022
Thereafter
Total
Operating leases1
$3,850
$3,919
$3,725
$3,405
$2,114
$4,069
$21,082
$4,444
$4,198
$3,758
$2,138
$1,330
$2,904
$18,772
1 Minimum payments have not been reduced by minimum sublease rentals of $151$51 thousand due in the future under non-cancelable subleases.

Rent expense included in occupancy expense totaled $3.94.1 million in 2017 and $3.9 million in 2016 and $4.2 million in 2015 and 2014, respectively.2015.

Litigation Matters

We may be party to legal actions, which arise from time to time as part of the normal course of our business.  We believe, after consultation with legal counsel, that we have meritorious defenses in these actions, and that litigation contingent liability, if any, will not have a material adverse effect on our financial position, results of operations, or cash flows.

We are responsible for our proportionate share of certain litigation indemnifications provided to Visa U.S.A. ("Visa") by its member banks in connection with lawsuits related to anti-trust charges and interchange fees ("Covered Litigation"). In 2012, Visa had reached a $4.0 billion interchange multidistrict litigation class settlement agreement for which it maintains an escrow account from whichto be used for settlements of, or judgments in the Covered Litigation are paid.Litigation. At December 31, 2017, according to Visa's Form 10-Q filed on February 1, 2018, the escrow account balance was $828 million. While the accrualaccrued liability related to the Covered Litigation could be higher or lower than the litigation escrow account balance, Visa did not record an additional accrual for the Covered Litigation during 2016. At December 31, 2016, according to the latest SEC Form 10-Q filed by Visa, Inc. on February 2,2017. In 2017, the balance of the escrow account was $1.0 billion. Visa had reached a $4.0 billion interchange multidistrict litigation class settlement agreement. However, a number of objectors have appealed and on June 30, 2016, an appellate court reversed the approvalclass plaintiffs filed amended complaints for damages or filed new class complaints against Visa for injunctive relief. In addition, Wal-Mart Stores, Inc. entered into a new, unconditional settlement agreement with Visa in October 2017. As of the date of Visa's filing, it had reached settlement byagreements with individual merchants representing 51% of the lower court. UntilVisa-branded payment card sales volume of merchants who opted out of the 2012 settlement agreement. Litigation is ongoing and until the appeal process is complete, Visa is uncertain whether it will resolve the claims as contemplated by the settlement agreement and additional lawsuits may arise. The conversion rate of Visa Class B common stock held by us to Class A common stock (as discussed in Note 2, Investment Securities) may decrease if Visa makes more Covered Litigation settlement payments in the future, and the full effect on member banks is still uncertain. However, we are not aware of significant future cash settlement payments required by us on the Covered Litigation.

Note 13: Concentrations of Credit Risk

Concentration of credit risk is the risk associated with a lack of diversification, such as having substantial investments in a few individual issuers, thereby exposing us to greater risks resulting from adverse economic, political, regulatory, geographic, industrial or credit developments. Financial instruments that potentially subject us to concentrations of credit risk consist primarily of cash and cash equivalents, investment securities and loans.
Our cash in correspondent bank accounts, at times, may exceed FDIC insured limits. We place cash and cash equivalents with high quality financial institutions, periodically monitor their credit worthiness and limit the amount of credit exposure with any one institution according to regulations. Concentrations of credit risk with respect to investment securities are limited to the U.S. Government, its agencies and Government Sponsored Enterprises ("GSEs") and was $299.5358.4 million, or 72%74% of our total investment portfolio at December 31, 20162017 and $362.6$299.5 million, or 74.4%72% at December 31, 2015.2016.


We also manage our credit exposure related to our loan portfolio to avoid the risk of undue concentration of credits in a particular industry by reducing significant exposure to highly leveraged transactions or to any individual customer or counterparty, and by obtaining collateral as appropriate. No individual borrower accounts for more than 5%2% of loans held in the portfolio. The largest loan concentration group by industry of the borrowers is real estate, which accounts for 79%81% and 80%79% of our loan portfolio at December 31, 20162017 and 2015,2016, respectively.



Note 14: Derivative Financial Instruments and Hedging Activities

We have entered into interest rate swap agreements, primarily as an asset/liability management strategy, in order to mitigate the changes in the fair value of specified long-term fixed-rate loans (or firm commitments to enter into long-term fixed-rate loans) caused by changes in interest rates. These hedges allow us to offer long-term fixed rate loans to customers without assuming the interest rate risk of a long-term asset. Converting our fixed-rate interest payments to floating-rate interest payments, generally benchmarked to the one-month U.S. dollar LIBOR index, protects us against changes in the fair value of our loans associated with fluctuating interest rates.

Our credit exposure, if any, on interest rate swap asset positions is limited to the fair value (net of any collateral pledged to us) and interest payments of all swaps by each counterparty. Conversely, when an interest rate swap is in a liability position exceeding a certain threshold, we may be required to post collateral to the counterparty in an amount determined by the agreements. Collateral levels are monitored and adjusted on a regular basis for changes in interest rate swap values.

As of December 31, 2016,2017, we had five interest rate swap agreements, which are scheduled to mature in June 2031, October 2031, July 2032, August 2037 and October 2037. All of our derivatives are accounted for as fair value hedges. The notional amounts of the interest rate contracts are equal to the notional amounts of the hedged loans. In September 2016 and April 2016, respectively, one interest rate swap scheduled to mature in August 2020 and another one scheduled to mature in June 2020 were terminated as the hedged loans were paid off. In both cases, prepayment fees were collected from the borrowers to settle the interest rate swap liability, resulting in no net gain or loss on the terminations of the swaps and loan pay-offs. Our interest rate swap payments are settled monthly with counterparties. Accrued interest on the swaps totaled $13$8 thousand and $28$13 thousand as of December 31, 20162017 and 2015,2016, respectively. Information on our derivatives follows:
Asset derivativesLiability derivativesAsset derivativesLiability derivatives
(in thousands)December 31, 2016
December 31, 2015
December 31, 2016
December 31, 2015
December 31, 2017
December 31, 2016
December 31, 2017
December 31, 2016
Fair value hedges:    
Interest rate contracts notional amount$4,217
$4,407
$15,495
$22,187
$4,019
$4,217
$14,810
$15,495
Interest rate contracts fair value 1
$55
$3
$933
$1,658
$74
$55
$740
$933
Years ended December 31,Years ended December 31,
(in thousands)2016
2015
2014
2017
2016
2015
Increase (decrease) in value of designated interest rate swaps due to LIBOR interest rate movements recognized in interest income$778
$280
$(377)
Increase in value of designated interest rate swaps due to LIBOR interest rate movements recognized in interest income$212
$778
$280
Payment on interest rate swaps recorded in interest income(556)(918)(1,002)(333)(556)(918)
(Decrease) increase in value of hedged loans recognized in interest income(571)(308)662
Decrease in value of hedged loans recognized in interest income(166)(571)(308)
Decrease in value of yield maintenance agreement recognized against interest income(94)(52)(91)(15)(94)(52)
Net loss on derivatives recognized against interest income 2
$(443)$(998)$(808)$(302)$(443)$(998)

1 See Note 9, Fair Value of Assets and Liabilities for valuation methodology.
2 Includes hedge ineffectiveness gain of $31 thousand, gain of $113 thousandand loss of $80 thousandand gain of $194 thousand for the years December 31, 20162017, 20152016 and 20142015, respectively. Changes in value of swaps were included in the assessment of hedge effectiveness. Hedge ineffectiveness is the measure of the extent to which the change in the fair value of the hedging instruments does not exactly offset the change in the fair value of the hedged items from period to period.

Our derivative transactions with counterparties are under International Swaps and Derivative Association (“ISDA”) master agreements that include “right of set-off” provisions. “Right of set-off” provisions are legally enforceable rights to offset recognized amounts and there may be an intention to settle such amounts on a net basis. We do not offset such financial instruments for financial reporting purposes.



Information on financial instruments that are eligible for offset in the consolidated statements of condition follows:
Offsetting of Financial Assets and Derivative Assets
 Gross Amounts Not Offset in the Statements of Condition  Gross Amounts Not Offset in the Statements of Condition 
 Gross AmountsNet Amounts  Gross AmountsNet Amounts 
Gross AmountsOffset in theof Assets Presented Gross AmountsOffset in theof Assets Presented 
of RecognizedStatements ofin the StatementsFinancialCash Collateral of RecognizedStatements ofin the StatementsFinancialCash Collateral 
(in thousands)
Assets1
Condition
of Condition1
InstrumentsReceivedNet Amount
Assets1
Condition
of Condition1
InstrumentsReceivedNet Amount
December 31, 2017 
Derivatives by Counterparty: 
Counterparty A$74

$74
$(74)
$
Total$74
$
$74
$(74)$
$
 
December 31, 2016  
Derivatives by Counterparty:  
Counterparty A$55

$55
$(55)
$
$55
$
$55
$(55)$
$
Total$55
$
$55
$(55)$
$
$55
$
$55
$(55)$
$
 
December 31, 2015 
Derivatives by Counterparty: 
Counterparty A$3
$
$3
$(3)$
$
Total$3
$
$3
$(3)$
$
1 Amounts exclude accrued interest totaling $0.3 thousand and $1 thousand at bothDecember 31, 2017 and December 31, 2016, and December 31, 2015, respectively.
Offsetting of Financial Liabilities and Derivative Liabilities
 Gross Amounts Not Offset in the Statements of Condition  Gross Amounts Not Offset in the Statements of Condition 
 Gross AmountsNet Amounts of  Gross AmountsNet Amounts of 
Gross AmountsOffset in theLiabilities Presented Gross AmountsOffset in theLiabilities Presented 
of RecognizedStatements ofin the Statements ofFinancialCash Collateral of RecognizedStatements ofin the Statements ofFinancialCash Collateral 
(in thousands)
Liabilities2
Condition
Condition2
InstrumentsPledgedNet Amount
Liabilities2
Condition
Condition2
InstrumentsPledgedNet Amount
December 31, 2017 
Derivatives by Counterparty: 
Counterparty A$740

$740
$(74)(666)$
Total$740
$
$740
$(74)$(666)$
 
December 31, 2016  
Derivatives by Counterparty:  
Counterparty A$933

$933
$(55)(878)$
$933
$
$933
$(55)$(878)$
Total$933
$
$933
$(55)$(878)$
$933
$
$933
$(55)$(878)$
 
December 31, 2015 
Derivatives by Counterparty: 
Counterparty A$1,390
$
$1,390
$(3)$(1,387)$
Counterparty B268

268

(268)
Total$1,658
$
$1,658
$(3)$(1,655)$

2 Amounts exclude accrued interest totaling $12$8 thousand and $27$12 thousand at December 31, 20162017 and December 31, 2015,2016, respectively.

Note 15: Regulatory Matters

We are subject to various regulatory capital requirements administered by the federal banking agencies. Failure to meet minimum capital requirements as set forth in the tables below can initiate certain mandatory and possibly additional discretionary actions by regulators that, if undertaken, could have a material effect on our consolidated financial statements. Under capital adequacy guidelines and the regulatory framework for prompt corrective action, we must meet specific capital guidelines that involve quantitative measures of our assets, liabilities, and certain off-balance sheet items as calculated under regulatory accounting practices. The capital amounts and the Bank’s prompt corrective action classification are also subject to qualitative judgments by the regulators about components of capital, risk weightings and other factors.
 
Capital ratios are reviewed by Management on a regular basis to ensure that capital exceeds the prescribed regulatory minimums and is adequate to meet our anticipated future needs.  For all periods presented, the Bank’s ratios exceed the regulatory definition of “well capitalized” under the regulatory framework for prompt corrective action and Bancorp’s ratios exceed the required minimum ratios to be considered a well capitalized bank holding company. In addition, the most recent notification from the FDIC categorized the Bank as well capitalized under the regulatory framework for prompt corrective action as of December 31, 2016.2017. There are no conditions or events since that notification that


Management believes have changed the Bank’s categories and we expect the Bank to remain well capitalized for prompt corrective action purposes.

In July 2013, the Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System, the FDICFederal Deposit Insurance Corporation and the Office of the Comptroller of the Currency ("Agencies") finalized regulatory capital rules known as “Basel III.” The rules became effective beginning January 2015, and will be fully phased-in by January 2019. The guidelines, among other things, changed the minimum capital requirements of banks and bank holding companies, by increasing the Tier 1 capital to risk-weighted assets ratio to 6%, and introduced a new requirement to maintain a minimum ratio of common equity Tier 1 capital to risk-weighted assets of 4.5%. By 2019, when fully phased in, the rules will require further increases to certain minimum capital requirements and a capital conservation buffer of an additional 2.5% of risk-weighted assets.

In August 2017, the Agencies published a final rule ("transitions NPR") halting the phase-in of certain Basel III permits certaincapital rules for banks such as us to exclude accumulated other comprehensive income or loss fromnot using the Basel advanced approaches. The rule extends the regulatory capital through a one-time election intreatment applicable during 2017 under the first quarterregulatory capital rules for certain items. These items include regulatory capital deductions, risk weights, and certain minority interest limitations. This effectively pauses the full transition to the Basel III treatment of 2015. As it was consistent with our existing treatment, there were no changes to our capital ratios as a result of making this election. The changes that affected us most significantly include:

shifting off-balance sheet items with an original maturity of one year or less from 0% to 20% risk weight,

moving past due loan balances from 100% to 150% risk weight,

deductingmortgage servicing assets, certain deferred tax assets, associated with NOLsinvestments in the capital of unconsolidated financial institutions and tax credits from common equity Tierminority interests while the Agencies pursue more extensive rulemaking to simplify the treatment of assets. The transitions NPR that was effective January 1, capital, and

subjecting deferred tax assets related2018 does not apply to temporary timing differences that exceed certain thresholds to 250% risk-weighting, beginning in 2018.Bank of Marin.

We have modeled our ratios under fully phased-in Basel III rules and, based on present facts, we do not expect that we will be required to raise additional capital as a result of the fully phased-in rules.

The Bancorp’s and Bank's capital adequacy ratios as of December 31, 20162017 and 20152016 are presented in the following tables. Bancorp's Tier 1 capital includes the subordinated debentures, which are not included at the Bank level. We continued to build capital in 20162017 through stock issued in the Bank of Napa acquisition and the accumulation of net income.
Capital Ratios for Bancorp
(dollars in thousands)
Actual Ratio 
Adequately Capitalized Threshold 1
 Ratio to be a Well Capitalized Bank Holding CompanyActual Ratio 
Adequately Capitalized Threshold 1
 Ratio to be a Well Capitalized Bank Holding Company
December 31, 2017Amount
Ratio
 Amount
Ratio
 Amount
Ratio
Total Capital (to risk-weighted assets)$287,435
14.91% ≥ $178,323
≥ 9.250% ≥ $192,782
≥ 10.000%
Tier 1 Capital (to risk-weighted assets)$270,710
14.04% ≥ $139,767
≥ 7.250% ≥ $154,225
≥ 8.000%
Tier 1 Capital (to average assets)$270,710
12.13% ≥ $89,285
≥ 4.000% ≥ $111,607
≥ 5.000%
Common Equity Tier 1 (to risk-weighted assets)$265,119
13.75% ≥ $110,849
≥ 5.750% ≥ $125,308
≥ 6.500%
December 31, 2016Amount
Ratio
 Amount
Ratio
 Amount
Ratio
 
 
  
 
  
 
Total Capital (to risk-weighted assets)$247,453
14.32% ≥ $149,039
≥ 8.625% ≥ $172,799
≥ 10.000%$247,453
14.32% ≥ $149,039
≥ 8.625% ≥ $172,799
≥ 10.000%
Tier 1 Capital (to risk-weighted assets)$231,111
13.37% ≥ $114,479
≥ 6.625% ≥ $138,239
≥ 8.000%$231,111
13.37% ≥ $114,479
≥ 6.625% ≥ $138,239
≥ 8.000%
Tier 1 Capital (to average assets)$231,111
11.39% ≥ $81,189
≥ 4.000% ≥ $101,486
≥ 5.000%$231,111
11.39% ≥ $81,189
≥ 4.000% ≥ $101,486
≥ 5.000%
Common Equity Tier 1 (to risk-weighted assets)$225,925
13.07% ≥ $88,559
≥ 5.125% ≥ $112,319
≥ 6.500%$225,925
13.07% ≥ $88,559
≥ 5.125% ≥ $112,319
≥ 6.500%
December 31, 2015 
 
  
 
  
 
Total Capital (to risk-weighted assets)$227,269
13.37% ≥ $135,996
≥ 8.000% ≥ $169,995
≥ 10.000%
Tier 1 Capital (to risk-weighted assets)$211,521
12.44% ≥ $101,997
≥ 6.000% ≥ $135,996
≥ 8.000%
Tier 1 Capital (to average assets)$211,521
10.67% ≥ $79,296
≥ 4.000% ≥ $99,120
≥ 5.000%
Common Equity Tier 1 (to risk-weighted assets)$206,724
12.16% ≥ $76,498
≥ 4.500% ≥ $110,497
≥ 6.500%
1 The 2016 adequately capitalized threshold includes the capital conservation buffer that was effective January 1, 2016. These ratios are not reflected on a fully phased-in basis, which will occur in January 2019.
1 The 2017 and 2016 adequately capitalized thresholds include the capital conservation buffer that was effective January 1, 2016 and January 1, 2017, respectively. These ratios are not reflected on a fully phased-in basis.
1 The 2017 and 2016 adequately capitalized thresholds include the capital conservation buffer that was effective January 1, 2016 and January 1, 2017, respectively. These ratios are not reflected on a fully phased-in basis.


Capital Ratios for the Bank (dollars in thousands)
Actual Ratio 
Adequately Capitalized Threshold 1
 Ratio to be Well Capitalized under Prompt Corrective Action ProvisionsActual Ratio 
Adequately Capitalized Threshold 1
 Ratio to be Well Capitalized under Prompt Corrective Action Provisions
December 31, 2017Amount
Ratio
 Amount
Ratio
 Amount
Ratio
Total Capital (to risk-weighted assets)$283,885
14.73% ≥ $178,281
≥ 9.250% ≥ $192,737
≥ 10.000%
Tier 1 Capital (to risk-weighted assets)$267,160
13.86% ≥ $139,734
≥ 7.250% ≥ $154,189
≥ 8.000%
Tier 1 Capital (to average assets)$267,160
11.97% ≥ $89,275
≥ 4.000% ≥ $111,593
≥ 5.000%
Common Equity Tier 1 (to risk-weighted assets)$267,160
13.86% ≥ $110,824
≥ 5.750% ≥ $125,279
≥ 6.500%
December 31, 2016Amount
Ratio
 Amount
Ratio
 Amount
Ratio
 
 
  
 
  
 
Total Capital (to risk-weighted assets)$243,468
14.09% ≥ $149,016
≥ 8.625% ≥ $172,772
≥ 10.000%$243,468
14.09% ≥ $149,016
≥ 8.625% ≥ $172,772
≥ 10.000%
Tier 1 Capital (to risk-weighted assets)$227,127
13.15% ≥ $114,462
≥ 6.625% ≥ $138,218
≥ 8.000%$222,127
13.15% ≥ $114,462
≥ 6.625% ≥ $138,218
≥ 8.000%
Tier 1 Capital (to average assets)$227,127
11.19% ≥ $81,176
≥ 4.000% ≥ $101,469
≥ 5.000%$222,127
11.19% ≥ $81,176
≥ 4.000% ≥ $101,469
≥ 5.000%
Common Equity Tier 1 (to risk-weighted assets)$227,127
13.15% ≥ $88,546
≥ 5.125% ≥ $112,302
≥ 6.500%$222,127
13.15% ≥ $88,546
≥ 5.125% ≥ $112,302
≥ 6.500%
December 31, 2015 
 
  
 
  
 
Total Capital (to risk-weighted assets)$222,830
13.11% ≥ $135,968
≥ 8.000% ≥ $169,960
≥ 10.000%
Tier 1 Capital (to risk-weighted assets)$207,082
12.18% ≥ $101,976
≥ 6.000% ≥ $135,968
≥ 8.000%
Tier 1 Capital (to average assets)$207,082
10.45% ≥ $79,268
≥ 4.000% ≥ $99,085
≥ 5.000%
Common Equity Tier 1 (to risk-weighted assets)$207,082
12.18% ≥ $76,482
≥ 4.500% ≥ $110,474
≥ 6.500%
1 The 2016 adequately capitalized threshold includes the capital conservation buffer that was effective January 1, 2016. These ratios are not reflected on a fully phased-in basis, which will occur in January 2019.
1 The 2017 and 2016 adequately capitalized thresholds include the capital conservation buffer that was effective January 1, 2016 and January 1, 2017, respectively. These ratios are not reflected on a fully phased-in basis.
1 The 2017 and 2016 adequately capitalized thresholds include the capital conservation buffer that was effective January 1, 2016 and January 1, 2017, respectively. These ratios are not reflected on a fully phased-in basis.

Note 16:  Financial Instruments with Off-Balance Sheet Risk
 
We make commitments to extend credit in the normal course of business to meet the financing needs of our customers. These financial instruments include commitments to extend credit in the form of loans or through standby letters of credit. Commitments to extend credit are agreements to lend to a customer as long as there is no violation of any condition established in the contract. Commitments generally have fixed expiration dates or other termination clauses and may require payment of a fee. Because various commitments will expire without being fully drawn upon, the total commitment amount does not necessarily represent future cash requirements.
 
We are exposed to credit loss equal to the contractcontractual amount of the commitment in the event of nonperformance by the borrower. We use the same credit underwriting criteria for all credit exposure. The amount of collateral obtained, if deemed necessary by us, is based on Management's credit evaluation of the borrower. Collateral types pledged may include accounts receivable, inventory, other personal property and real property.

The contractual amount of undrawn loan commitments and standby letters of credit not reflected on the consolidated statements of condition are as follows:
(in thousands)December 31, 2016
December 31, 2015
December 31, 2017
December 31, 2016
Commercial lines of credit$216,774
$191,305
$224,370
$216,774
Revolving home equity lines148,143
130,359
177,678
148,143
Undisbursed construction loans44,798
39,442
35,322
44,798
Personal and other lines of credit10,635
11,112
11,758
10,635
Standby letters of credit1,939
4,381
4,074
1,939
Total commitments and standby letters of credit$422,289
$376,599
$453,202
$422,289

We record an allowance for losses on these off-balance sheet commitments based on an estimate of probabilities of these commitments being drawn upon according to ourthe historical utilization experience on different types of commitments and expected loss severity.loss. We set aside an allowance for losses on off-balance sheet commitments in the amount of $899$958 thousand and $749$899 thousand as of December 31, 20162017 and 2015,2016, respectively, which is recorded in interest payable and other liabilities on the consolidated statements of condition. The increase in the reserve for off-balance sheet commitments in 2016 was primarily due to an increase in commitments and a decrease in average utilization. Approximately 42%44% of the commitments expire in 2017,2018, approximately 42%41% expire between 20182019 and 20242025 and approximately 16%15% expire thereafter.


Note 17:  Condensed Bank of Marin Bancorp Parent Only Financial Statements

Presented below is financial information for Bank of Marin Bancorp, parent holding company only.

CONDENSED UNCONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CONDITION
December 31, 2016 and 2015
December 31, 2017 and 2016December 31, 2017 and 2016
  
(in thousands)2016201520172016
Assets  
Cash and due from Bank of Marin$3,568
$3,796
$3,246
$3,568
Investment in bank subsidiary232,431
215,722
299,486
232,431
Other assets670
770
586
670
Total assets$236,669
$220,288
$303,318
$236,669
  
Liabilities and Stockholders' Equity  
Subordinated debentures$5,586
$5,395
$5,739
$5,586
Accrued expenses payable96
109
146
96
Other liabilities424
311
408
424
Total liabilities6,106
5,815
6,293
6,106
Stockholders' equity230,563
214,473
297,025
230,563
Total liabilities and stockholders' equity$236,669
$220,288
$303,318
$236,669

CONDENSED UNCONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF INCOME
Years ended December 31, 2016, 2015 and 2014
Years ended December 31, 2017, 2016 and 2015Years ended December 31, 2017, 2016 and 2015
  
(in thousands)201620152014201720162015
Income  
Dividends from bank subsidiary$6,400
$6,500
$
$8,000
$6,400
$6,500
Miscellaneous Income7
6
8
8
7
6
Total income6,407
6,506
8
8,008
6,407
6,506
Expense  
Interest expense435
420
421
439
435
420
Non-interest expense984
973
851
2,087
984
973
Total expense1,419
1,393
1,272
2,526
1,419
1,393
Income (loss) before income taxes and equity in undistributed net income of subsidiary4,988
5,113
(1,264)5,482
4,988
5,113
Income tax benefit594
583
532
876
594
583
Income (loss) before equity in undistributed net income of subsidiary5,582
5,696
(732)6,358
5,582
5,696
Earnings of bank subsidiary greater (less) than dividends received from bank subsidiary17,552
12,745
20,503
9,618
17,552
12,745
Net income$23,134
$18,441
$19,771
$15,976
$23,134
$18,441



CONDENSED UNCONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS
Years ended December 31, 2016, 2015 and 2014
Years ended December 31, 2017, 2016 and 2015Years ended December 31, 2017, 2016 and 2015
  
(in thousands)201620152014201720162015
Cash Flows from Operating Activities:  
Net income$23,134
$18,441
$19,771
$15,976
$23,134
$18,441
Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash provided by (used in) operating activities:  
Earnings of bank subsidiary greater than dividends received from bank subsidiary(17,552)(12,745)(20,503)(9,618)(17,552)(12,745)
Net change in operating assets and liabilities:  
Accretion of discount on subordinated debentures191
210
216
153
191
210
Other assets353
(298)(88)92
353
(298)
Intercompany receivable171
(18)
(40)171
(18)
Other liabilities(302)368
(99)51
(302)368
Net cash provided by (used in) operating activities5,995
5,958
(703)
Noncash director compensation expense - common stock20


Net cash provided by operating activities6,634
5,995
5,958
Cash Flows from Investing Activities:  
Capital contribution to subsidiary(1,285)(1,156)(1,475)(853)(1,285)(1,156)
Net cash used in investing activities(1,285)(1,156)(1,475)(853)(1,285)(1,156)
Cash Flows from Financing Activities:  
Stock options exercised and stock purchases1,285
1,156
1,475
Proceeds from stock options exercised and stock issued under employee and director stock purchase plans and ESOP853
1,285
1,156
Payment of tax withholdings for stock options exercised(60)

Dividends paid on common stock(6,223)(5,390)(4,733)(6,896)(6,223)(5,390)
Net cash used by financing activities(4,938)(4,234)(3,258)(6,103)(4,938)(4,234)
Net (decrease) increase in cash and cash equivalents(228)568
(5,436)(322)(228)568
Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of period3,796
3,228
8,664
3,568
3,796
3,228
Cash and cash equivalents at end of period$3,568
$3,796
$3,228
$3,246
$3,568
$3,796
Supplemental schedule of non-cash investing and financing activities:  
Stock issued in payment of director fees$234
$275
$236
$188
$234
$275





Note 18: Acquisition

On November 21, 2017, we completed the merger of Bank of Napa, N.A. (OTCQB: BNNP), to enhance our market presence in Napa, California. Bank of Napa was a national bank with two branch offices serving Napa. The acquisition added $134.7 million in loans, $249.9 million in deposits and $75.5 million in investment securities to Bank of Marin as of the acquisition date. Bank of Napa shareholders received 0.307 shares of Bancorp common stock for each share of Bank of Napa common stock outstanding. The acquisition of Bank of Napa constituted a business combination and has been accounted for using the acquisition method of accounting. The assets acquired and liabilities assumed, both tangible and intangible, were recorded at their fair values as of the acquisition date in accordance with ASC 805, Business Combinations. The acquisition was treated as a "reorganization" within the definition of section 368(a) of the Internal Revenue Code and is generally considered tax-free for U.S. federal income tax purposes.

The following table reflects the estimated fair values of the assets acquired and liabilities assumed related to the acquisition:
(dollars in thousands)Acquisition Date November 21, 2017
Assets: 
  Cash and cash equivalents$59,779
  Investment securities75,469
  Loans134,720
  Core deposit intangible4,441
  Goodwill23,705
  Bank premises and equipment599
  Other assets6,408
     Total assets acquired$305,121
Liabilities: 
  Deposits: 
     Non-interest bearing$77,266
     Interest bearing 
        Transaction accounts50,080
        Savings accounts12,157
        Money market accounts85,045
        Other time accounts25,338
      Total deposits249,886
  Other liabilities2,050
     Total liabilities assumed$251,936
Merger consideration of $53,185 (735,264 common shares and 70,145 shares of replacement stock options issued by Bank of Marin Bancorp).$53,185

The following table presents the net assets acquired from Bank of Napa, consideration paid and the estimated fair value adjustments:
(dollars in thousands)Acquisition Date November 21, 2017
Book value of net assets acquired from Bank of Napa$26,152
Fair value adjustments: 
  Loans1,301
  Core deposit intangible asset4,441
     Total purchase accounting adjustments5,742
  Deferred tax liabilities (tax effect of purchase accounting adjustments at 42.05%)(2,414)
  Fair value of net assets acquired from Bank of Napa$29,480
Merger consideration$53,185
Less: fair value of net assets acquired(29,480)
Goodwill$23,705





Goodwill

As a result of the Bank of Napa acquisition, we recorded $23.7 million in goodwill, which represents the excess of the total purchase price paid over the fair value of the assets acquired, net of the fair values of liabilities assumed. Goodwill mainly reflects expected value created through the combined operations of Bank of Napa and Bank of Marin. It is evaluated for impairment annually. We determined that the fair value of our traditional community banking activities (provided through our branch network) exceeded the carrying amount of the bank-level reporting unit. Therefore, no impairment on goodwill was recorded in 2017. The goodwill is not deductible for tax purposes.

The following is a description of the methods used to determine the fair values of significant assets and liabilities whose fair values are different from their carrying amounts on Bank of Napa's books at acquisition date presented above.

Loans

The fair values for acquired loans were developed based upon the present values of the expected cash flows utilizing market-derived discount rates. Expected cash flows for each acquired loan were projected based on contractual cash flows adjusted for expected prepayment, expected default (i.e. probability of default and loss severity), and principal recovery.

Prepayment rates were applied to the principal outstanding based on the type of loan, where appropriate. Prepayments were based on a constant prepayment rate (“CPR”) applied across the life of a loan. For performing loans, we used annual CPRs between 5 percent and 27 percent, depending on the characteristics of the loan pool (e.g. construction, commercial real estate, etc.). For classified loans, no prepayment was assumed and applied.

Non-PCI loans were valued on a loan-by-loan basis when applying the discount rate on the expected cash flows. The discount rates used were based on current market rates for new originations of comparable loans, where available, and include adjustments for credit and illiquidity premium. To the extent comparable market rates are not readily available, a discount rate was derived based on the assumptions of a market participant's cost of funds, capital charge, servicing costs, and return requirements for comparable risk assets. PCI loans were also valued on an individual basis.

The following table presents the fair value of loans acquired from Bank of Napa for PCI loans as of the acquisition date (November 21, 2017):
(in thousands)PCI loans
Contractually required payments including interest$1,769
Less: contractual cash flows not expected to be collected (nonaccretable difference)805
Cash flows expected to be collected (undiscounted)964
Less: interest component of cash flows expected to be collected (accretable yield)109
Fair value of PCI loans$855

The following table presents the fair value of loans acquired from Bank of Napa for non-PCI loans as of the acquisition date (November 21, 2017):
(in thousands)Non-PCI loans
Contractually required payments including interest$183,833
Contractual cash flows not expected to be collected$14,227
Fair value of non-PCI loans$133,865

The following table reflects the outstanding balance and related fair value of PCI loans as of the acquisition date:
PCI Loans (in thousands)
Unpaid principal balance
Fair value
Commercial$417
$70
Commercial real estate1,070
785
Total purchased credit-impaired loans$1,487
$855



Core Deposit Intangible

The core deposit intangible represents the estimated future benefits of acquired deposits and is booked separately from the related deposits. The value of the core deposit intangible asset was determined using a discounted cash flow approach to arrive at the cost differential between the core deposits (non-maturity deposits such as transaction, savings and money market accounts) and alternative funding sources. It was calculated as the present value of the difference  in  cash flows between maintaining the core deposits (interest and net maintenance costs) and the cost of an equal amount of  funds with a similar term from an alternative source. The core deposit intangible is amortized on an accelerated basis over an estimated ten-year life, and is evaluated periodically for impairment. No impairment loss was recognized in 2017.

We recorded a core deposit intangible asset of $4.4 million at acquisition, of which $56 thousand was amortized in 2017. At December 31, 2017, the future estimated amortization expense on the CDI from the Bank of Napa acquisition is as follows:
(in thousands)2018
2019
2020
2021
2022
Thereafter
Total
Core deposit intangible amortization$508
$499
$488
$475
$460
$1,955
$4,385

Pro Forma Results of Operations

The first column of the following table presents the former Bank of Napa's operations and its actual contribution to our net interest income and net income included in our consolidated statement of comprehensive income from the acquisition date (November 21, 2017) through December 31, 2017. The table also presents pro forma information of the combined entity as if the acquisition occurred on January 1, 2016. The pro forma information does not necessarily reflect the results of operations that would have resulted had the acquisition been completed at the beginning of the periods presented, nor is it indicative of the results of operations in future periods. Furthermore, cost savings and other business synergies related to the acquisition are not reflected in the pro forma amounts.
Pro Forma Revenue and Earnings    
(in thousands)Actual from acquisition date through December 31, 2017
 2017
 2016
 
Net interest income$913
 $82,802
 $80,898
 
Net (loss) Income$(576)
1 
$18,898
2 
$21,559
2 
1 Bank of Napa's net loss from November 21, 2017 through December 31, 2017 includes acquisition-related costs, accretion of the discount on acquired loans and core deposit intangible amortization.
2 2017 pro forma combined net income was adjusted to exclude acquisition related costs of $2.2 million incurred by Bank of Marin Bancorp and $2.5 million incurred by Bank of Napa. 2016 pro forma combined earnings were adjusted to include these acquisition related costs as if the merger occurred on January 1, 2016.

Acquisition-related expenses are recognized as incurred and continue until all systems have been converted and operational functions become fully integrated. Bank of Marin Bancorp incurred acquisition-related expenses in the consolidated statements of comprehensive income in 2017 for the Bank of Napa acquisition as follows:
(in thousands)Year Ended December 31, 2017
Data processing1
$1,108
Professional services952
Personnel severance35
Other114
   Total$2,209
1 Primarily relates to Bank of Napa's core processing system contract termination and deconversion fees.

End of 20162017 Audited Consolidated Financial Statements



ITEM 9.CHANGES IN AND DISAGREEMENTS WITH ACCOUNTANTS ON ACCOUNTING AND FINANCIAL DISCLOSURE
None.

ITEM 9A.    CONTROLS AND PROCEDURES

(A)    Evaluation of Disclosure Controls and Procedures

Bank of Marin Bancorp and its subsidiary (the "Company") conducted an evaluation under the supervision and with the participation of our Management, including our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, of the effectiveness of the design and operation of our disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Rule 13a-15(e) or 15d-15(e) under the Exchange Act of 1934 (the “Act”)) as of the end of the period covered by this report. The term disclosure controls and procedures means controls and other procedures that are designed to ensure that information required to be disclosed by us in the reports that we file or submit under the Act (15 U.S.C. 78a et seq.) is recorded, processed, summarized and reported within the time periods specified in the Commission's rules and forms. Disclosure controls and procedures include, without limitation, controls and procedures designed to ensure that information required to be disclosed by us in the reports that we file or submit under the Act is accumulated and communicated to our Management, including our principal executive and principal financial officers, or persons performing similar functions, as appropriate to allow timely decisions regarding required disclosure. Based upon that evaluation, our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer concluded that our disclosure controls and procedures were effective as of the end of the period covered by this report.



(B)    Management's Annual Report on Internal Control over Financial Reporting

Management is responsible for establishing and maintaining effective internal control over financial reporting (as defined in Rules 13a-15(f) promulgated under the 1934 Act). The internal control process has been designed under our supervision to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of the Company's financial statements for external reporting purposes in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America. Management conducted an assessment of the effectiveness of internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2016,2017, utilizing the framework established in Internal Control - Integrated Framework (2013) issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission (COSO). Based on this assessment, Management has concluded that the Company maintained effective internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2016.2017.

There are inherent limitations to the effectiveness of any system of internal control over financial reporting. These limitations include the possibility of human error, the circumvention or overriding of the system and reasonable resource constraints. Because of its inherent limitations, our internal control over financial reporting may not prevent or detect misstatements. Projections of any evaluation of effectiveness to future periods are subject to the risks that controls may become inadequate because of changes in conditions, or that the degree of compliance with the policies or procedures may deteriorate.

Management's report on internal control over financial reporting is set forth in ItemITEM 8 and is incorporated herein by reference.

(C)    Audit Report of the Registered Public Accounting Firm

The Company's independent registered public accounting firm, Moss Adams, LLP, has audited the effectiveness of internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 20162017 as stated in their audit report, which is included in itemITEM 8 and incorporated herein by reference.

(D)    Changes in Internal Control Over Financial Reporting

As a result of the acquisition of Bank of Napa in November 2017, we continue to integrate and incorporate their business processes and systems into our overall internal control over financial reporting. During the quarter ended December 31, 2016,2017, other than the interim effect of the acquisition noted above, there were no


significant changes that materially affected, or are reasonably likely to affect, our internal control over financial reporting identified in connection with the evaluation mentioned in (B) above.

ITEM 9B.    OTHER INFORMATION

None.

PART III     


ITEM 10.    DIRECTORS, EXECUTIVE OFFICERS AND CORPORATE GOVERNANCE

The information required by this Item is incorporated by reference from our Proxy Statement for the 20172018 Annual Meeting of Shareholders. Bancorp and the Bank have adopted a Code of Ethics that applies to all staff including the Chief Executive Officer, Chief Financial Officer and Principal Accounting Officer. A copy of the Code of Ethical Conduct, which is also included on our website, will be provided to any person, without charge, upon written request to Corporate Secretary, Bank of Marin Bancorp, 504 Redwood Boulevard, Suite 100, Novato, CA 94947. During 20162017 there were no changes in the procedures for the election or nomination of directors.

ITEM 11.     EXECUTIVE COMPENSATION

The information required by this Item is incorporated by reference from our Proxy Statement for the 20172018 Annual Meeting of Shareholders.

ITEM 12.SECURITY OWNERSHIP OF CERTAIN BENEFICIAL OWNERS AND MANAGEMENT AND


RELATED STOCKHOLDER MATTERS

The information required by this Item is incorporated by reference from ItemITEM 5 above, Note 8 to our audited consolidated financial statements and our Proxy Statement for the 20172018 Annual Meeting of Shareholders.

ITEM 13.CERTAIN RELATIONSHIPS AND RELATED TRANSACTIONS, AND DIRECTOR INDEPENDENCE

The information required by this Item is incorporated by reference from our Proxy Statement for the 20172018 Annual Meeting of Shareholders.

ITEM 14.    PRINCIPAL ACCOUNTANT FEES AND SERVICES

The information required by this Item is incorporated by reference from our Proxy Statement for the 20172018 Annual Meeting of Shareholders.



PART IV

ITEM 15.    Exhibits and Financial Statement Schedules
 
(A)     Documents Filed as Part of this ReportReport:

1.     Financial Statements

The financial statements and supplementary data listed below are filed as part of this report under ItemITEM 8, captioned Financial Statements and Supplementary Data.
Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm for the years ended December 31, 2017, 2016 2015 and 20142015    
Management's Report on Internal Control over Financial Reporting     
Consolidated Statements of Condition as of December 31, 20162017 and 20152016    
Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income for the Years Endedyears ended December 31, 2017, 2016 2015 and 20142015    
Consolidated Statement of Changes in Stockholders' Equity for the Years Endedyears ended December 31, 2017, 2016 2015 and 20142015    
Consolidated Statement of Cash Flows for the Years Endedyears ended December 31, 2017, 2016 2015 and 20142015    
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements    

2.     Financial Statement Schedules

All financial statement schedules have been omitted, as they are inapplicable or the required information is included in the financial statements or notes thereto.

(B)    Exhibits FiledFiled:

The following exhibits are filed as part of this report or hereby incorporated by references to filings previously made with the SEC.


  Incorporated by Reference 
Exhibit NumberExhibit DescriptionFormFile No.ExhibitFiling DateHerewith
2.01Modified Whole Bank Purchase and Assumption Agreement dated February 18, 2011 among Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation, Receiver of Charter Oak Bank, Napa, California, Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation, and Bank of Marin8-K001-3357299.2February 28, 2011 
2.02Agreement and Plan of Merger with NorCal Community Bancorp, dated July 1, 20138-K001-335722.1July 5, 2013 
3.01Articles of Incorporation, as amended10-Q001-335723.01November 7, 2007 
3.02Bylaws10-Q001-335723.02May 9, 2011 
3.02aBylaw Amendment8-K001-335723.03July 6, 2015 
4.01Rights Agreement dated as of July 2, 20078-A12B001-335724.1July 2, 2007 
4.01aRights Agreement, Amendment No. 1, dated June 17, 20168-K001-335724.2June 22, 2016 
10.012007 Employee Stock Purchase PlanS-8333-1448104.1July 24, 2007 
10.031999 Stock Option PlanS-8333-1448084.1July 24, 2007 
10.042007 Equity PlanS-8333-1448094.1July 24, 2007 
10.052010 Director Stock PlanS-8333-1676394.1June 21, 2010 
10.06Form of Indemnification Agreement for Directors and Executive Officers dated August 9, 200710-Q001-3357210.06November 7, 2007 
10.07Form of Employment Agreement dated January 23, 20098-K001-3357210.1January 26, 2009 
10.092010 Annual Individual Incentive Compensation Plan8-K001-3357299.1October 21, 2010 
10.10aSalary Continuation Agreements with executive officers, Russell Colombo, Chief Executive Officer, and Peter Pelham, Director of Retail Banking, dated January 1, 20118-K001-33572
10.1
10.4
January 6, 2011 
10.10bSalary Continuation Agreements with executive officers Tani Girton, Chief Financial Officer, dated October 18, 2013 and Elizabeth Reizman, Chief Credit Officer, dated July 20, 20148-K001-33572
10.2
10.3

November 4, 2014 
10.10cSalary Continuation Agreement for executive officer Timothy Myers, Executive Vice President and Commercial Banking Manager, dated May 28, 20158-K001-3357210.4June 2, 2015 
10.112007 Form of Change in Control Agreement8-K001-3357210.1October 31, 2007 
10.12Information Technology Services Agreement with Fidelity Information Services, LLC, dated July 11, 20128-K001-3357210.1July 17, 2012 
11.01Earnings Per Share Computation - included in Note 1 to the Consolidated Financial Statements    Filed
14.02Code of Ethical Conduct, dated June 17, 2016 001-3357214.02 Filed
23.01Consent of Moss Adam LLP    Filed
31.01Certification of Principal Executive Officer pursuant to Rule 13a-14(a)/15d-14(a) as adopted pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002    Filed
31.02Certification of Principal Financial Officer pursuant to Rule 13a-14(a)/15d-14(a) as adopted pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002    Filed
32.01Certification pursuant to 18 U.S.C. §1350 as adopted pursuant to §906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002    Filed
101.01*XBRL Interactive Data File    Furnished
  Incorporated by Reference 
Exhibit NumberExhibit DescriptionFormFile No.ExhibitFiling DateHerewith
2.018-K001-335722.1August 2, 2017 
3.0110-Q001-335723.01November 7, 2007 
3.0210-Q001-335723.02May 9, 2011 
3.02a8-K001-335723.03July 6, 2015 
4.018-A12B001-335724.1July 7, 2017 
10.01S-8333-2182744.1May 26, 2017 
10.02S-8333-2212194.1October 30, 2017 
10.03S-8333-2190674.1June 30, 2017 
10.04S-8333-1676394.1June 21, 2010 
10.0510-Q001-3357210.06November 7, 2007 
10.068-K001-3357210.1January 26, 2009 
10.078-K001-3357299.1October 21, 2010 
10.088-K001-3357210.1January 6, 2011 
10.098-K001-3357210.4January 6, 2011 
10.108-K001-3357210.2
November 4, 2014 
10.118-K001-3357210.3November 4, 2014 
10.128-K001-3357210.4June 2, 2015 
10.138-K001-3357210.1October 31, 2007 
10.148-K001-3357210,100July 17, 2012 
11.01    Filed
14.0210-K001-3357214.02March 14, 2017 
23.01    Filed
31.01    Filed
31.02    Filed
32.01    Filed
101.01*XBRL Interactive Data File    Furnished
*    As provided in Rule 406T of Regulation S-T, this information is furnished and not filed for purposes of Sections 11 and 12
of the Securities Act of 1933 and Section 18 of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934.


ITEM 16.     Form 10-K Summary

None.



SIGNATURES

Pursuant to the requirements of Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized.

   Bank of Marin Bancorp (registrant)
    
 March 13, 201714, 2018 /s/ Russell A. Colombo
 Date Russell A. Colombo
   President &
   Chief Executive Officer
   (Principal Executive Officer)
    
 March 13, 201714, 2018  /s/ Tani Girton
 Date Tani Girton
   Executive Vice President &
   Chief Financial Officer
   (Principal Financial Officer)
    
 March 13, 201714, 2018 /s/ Cecilia Situ
 Date Cecilia Situ
   First Vice President &
   Manager of Finance & Treasury
   (Principal Accounting Officer)



Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, this report has been signed below by the following persons on behalf of the registrant and in the capacities and on the dates indicated.
     
 Dated:March 13, 201714, 2018  /s/ Tani Girton
    Tani Girton
    Executive Vice President & Chief Financial Officer
    (Principal Financial Officer)
     
 Dated:March 13, 201714, 2018 /s/ Cecilia Situ
    Cecilia Situ
    First Vice President & Manager of Finance & Treasury
    (Principal Accounting Officer)

    Members of Bank of Marin Bancorp's Board of Directors
     
 Dated:March 13, 201714, 2018 /s/ Brian M. Sobel
    Brian M. Sobel
    Chairman of the Board
     
 Dated:March 13, 201714, 2018 /s/ Russell A. Colombo
    Russell A. Colombo
    President & Chief Executive Officer
    (Principal Executive Officer)
     
 Dated:March 13, 201714, 2018/s/ Steven I. Barlow
Steven I. Barlow
Dated:March 14, 2018 /s/ James C. Hale
    James C. Hale
     
 Dated:March 13, 201714, 2018 /s/ Robert Heller
    Robert Heller
     
 Dated:March 13, 201714, 2018 /s/ Norma J. Howard
    Norma J. Howard
     
 Dated:March 13, 201714, 2018 /s/ Kevin R. Kennedy
    Kevin R. Kennedy
     
 Dated:March 13, 201714, 2018 /s/ William H. McDevitt, Jr.
    William H. McDevitt, Jr.
     
 Dated:March 13, 201714, 2018 /s/ Leslie E. Murphy
    Leslie E. Murphy
     
 Dated:March 13, 2017/s/ Michaela Rodeno
Michaela Rodeno
Dated:March 13, 201714, 2018 /s/ Joel Sklar
    Joel Sklar, M.D.
     
     
     
     


Page-103
EXHIBIT INDEX
Exhibit No.DescriptionLocation
14.02Code of Ethical Conduct, dated June 17, 2016Filed herewith.
23.01Consent of Moss Adams LLP.Filed herewith.
31.01Certification of Principal Executive Officer pursuant to Rule 13a-14(a)/15d-14(a) as adopted pursuant to §302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.Filed herewith.
31.02Certification of Principal Financial Officer pursuant to Rule 13a-14(a)/15d-14(a) as adopted pursuant to §302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.Filed herewith.
32.01Certification pursuant to 18 U.S.C. §1350 as adopted pursuant to §906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.Furnished herewith.


Page-101