Our automated data acquisition solutions utilize smart sensing and monitoring, robotic inspection systems, and digitized spot inspections to provide asset integrity data with greater insight into current and future asset conditions.
Field inspection services lend themselves to integration with our other offerings, and as such have often served as the initial entry point to more advanced customer engagements that require additional solutions. After an initial field inspection is performed, MISTRAS is able to provide multiple supplemental solutions that further serve to solidify our relationships with our customers and drive additional revenue.
Consulting
We provide a broad range of engineering consulting services, primarily for process equipment, technologies and facilities. Our engineering consultations include plant mill or site. Theseoperations and management support, turnaround/shutdown planning, profit improvement, facilities planning studies, engineering design, process safety reviews, energy optimization evaluations, benchmarking/key performance indicator (KPI) development and technical training.
Our Asset Integrity Management/Mechanical Integrity (AIMS/MI) services help improve asset reliability and regulatory compliance through a systematic, engineering-based approach to ensure the ongoing integrity and safety of equipment and industrial facilities. AIMS/MI services can include conducting an inventory of infrastructure assets; developing, implementing and training personnel in executing inspection and maintenance procedures; and managing MI programs. We help to identify gaps between existing and desired practices and establish quality assurance standards for example, mechanical integrity (MI) assessments, aboveground storage tank inspection, pipeline inspection, American Petroleum Institute (API) visual inspectionsfabrication, engineering and predictive maintenance (PdM) programs.installation of infrastructure assets.
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Maintenance
Our multi-disciplined technicians offer maintenance and light mechanical services in hard-to-access areas, in combination with rope access or diving strategies.
Mechanical services are still a small part of our business, and we are carefulcarefully try to try and avoid providing any such services that conflict with our inspection services.
Data Management
PCMS offers wide-ranging support for mechanical integrity programs, including:
•Comprehensive inspection tracking, scheduling and analysis
•Corrosion analysis & trending
•Integrated risk-based inspection (RBI) calculators
•Safety relief valve management
PCMS compares data to prior operations, and testing of similar assets, industrial standards and specific risk conditions, such as use with highly-flammable or corrosive materials. It also develops asset integrity management plans based on Risk-Based Inspections (RBI)RBI calculations that specify an optimal schedule for the testing, maintenance and retirement of assets.
We believe PCMS is one of the most widely used plant or enterprise structuralcondition management software systems in North American refineries. We estimate it is currently used by approximately 50% of the U.S. refining capacity, as well as by leading midstream pipeline energy companies and major energy companies in Canada and Europe. This provides us with recurring maintenance and support fees and additional marketing opportunities for additional software and solutions.
Following our recent acquisitions of companies that support the midstream sector of the Oil & Gas industry, we believe MISTRAS provides amongst the most comprehensive, data-driven pipeline protection solution available to the industry. These proprietary pipeline data analysis solutions enable deep integration of inline inspection (ILI) big data with real-time risk analytics and business intelligence (BI) to provide capabilities for supporting pipeline integrity, data, comparisonwhich we believe provides us with an important competitive advantage.
MISTRAS also digitizes the transfer of integrityfield inspection and monitoring data to our library of historical inspection data management systems (IDMS). MISTRAS Digital™ is an electronic platform that digitally delivers field inspection assignments and analysisrelated data, captures inspection results, and delivers electronic reporting and productivity tracking via Key Performance Indicators (KPIs). MISTRAS Digital integrates with PCMS and other inspection data management systems to better assess structural integrity. They also provide alerts for and prioritize future inspections and maintenance.
additional productivity improvements. Similarly, our online monitoring systems feed data directly into our cloud-based monitoring portal, providing customers with real-time access to their asset integrity data.5
Monitoring
•Tube Leaking
•Power Transformer Health & Reliability
•Stator Vane Cracking
•Bridge Structural Health Monitoring (SHM)
•Wall Thickness Tracking
•High-Energy Piping (HEP) Integrity
•Fluid Corrosivity
•Through-Valve Leaking
With expertise in monitoring hardware and services, MISTRAS designs and installs monitoring systems, and provides commissioning, training, reporting, technical support and annual maintenance services. We offer a variety of secure, web-based solutions that monitor structural integrity and analyze conditions against our customers' locations, where NDTlibrary of historical inspection data, allowing users to stay aware of potential concerns and mechanical servicesprioritize future inspections and maintenance. We also offer custom-developed software that integrates into onsite IDMSs, stores and trends monitoring data and provides immediate automated data analysis.
We provide continuous, periodic and conditional monitoring, depending on the type of asset and its operating condition. Continuous monitoring is applied on critical assets to observe the earliest onset of a defect to predict its progress and to track its progression to help avoid catastrophic failure. Periodic monitoring, or “walk around” monitoring, is a preventative maintenance technique to observe changes in an asset's condition over a specified period of time. Conditional monitoring solutions are performed on-site. However,typically used when there is a known defect that needs to be monitored until the majorityasset is repaired or replaced.
Laboratory Quality Assurance/Control (QA/QC)
Our network of our aerospace revenues are generated at our various in-house laboratories that have Nadcaplocated across North America and numerous otherEurope offers quality assurance and quality control (QA/QC) solutions for new and existing metal and alloy components, materials and composites.
Our in-house labs work with our customers throughout their components’ lifetimes, from preparation and production to post-processing and in-service component monitoring. MISTRAS’ laboratory QA/QC solutions help to meet customer accreditations. needs throughout their manufacturing cycles, with a focus on optimizing production logistics. Our in-house lab solutions include:
•Non-destructive evaluation/inspection (NDE/NDI)
•Destructive testing (DT)
•Metallurgical testing
•Chemical analysis testing
•Mechanical services
•Pre-machining
•Finishing services
We have special machineryoften inspect and equipmenttest components prior to assembly to screen for defects and specialized technicians at these labsdiscontinuities introduced in the manufacturing process. We also inspect existing components to perform various forms of NDT inspection and mechanical services, which can include chemical cleaning, coating application, painting, and pressure testing techniques. ensure they remain fit-for-purpose.
Our labs hold a wide variety of certifications that allow them to perform inspections to meet or exceed stringent regulatory requirements, such as: Nadcap (formerly NADCAP, the National Aerospace and Defense Contractors Accreditation Program), AS9100/ISO-9001, FAAFederal Aviation Administration (FAA) Repair Station, the International Traffic in Arms Regulations/Export Administration Regulations (ITAR/EAR) and ITAR/EAR.manufacturers' requirements. With these certifications comes a comprehensive range of approvals from prime contractors of major projects, the military,militaries, and internationally-renowned original equipment manufacturers (OEMs) from many of our key markets, including the oil and gas, aerospace and defense, power generation, and industrial markets.
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Equipment
We design and manufacture portable, handheld, wireless and turnkey NDT equipment, along with corresponding data acquisition sensors and software, for spot inspections and long-term, unattended monitoring applications.
We sell these solutions as individual components, or as complete systems, which include a combination of sensors, amplifiers, signal processing electronics, knowledge-based software and decision and feedback electronics. We also sell integrated service-and-system technology packages, in which our field technicians utilize our proprietary and specialized testing procedures and hardware, advanced pattern recognition, neural network software and databases to compare test results against our prior testing data or industry standards.
We provide a range of acoustic emission (AE) products and are a leader in the design and manufacture of AE sensors, instruments and turnkey systems manufacturers from aerospace to nuclear energy, transportation to petrochemical industries.used for monitoring and testing materials, pressure components, processes and structures. MISTRAS also designs and manufactures ultrasonic testing (UT) equipment.
Centers of Excellence
Another differentiator in our business model are our Centers of Excellence (COEs), which offer support for asset, technology, or industry-specific solutions. Our subject matter experts engage in strategic sales opportunities to protectoffer customers value-added solutions using advanced technologies and methods. The COEs help to standardize our investmentapproach to common problems in intellectual property while providing our customers an added value which generates a substantial source of recurring revenues. key market segments. Our COEs include:
•Aerospace
•American Petroleum Institute (API) Turnarounds
•AIMS/MI/Engineering
•Automated Ultrasonics
•Fossil Power
•Guided Wave Ultrasonics
•Infrastructure
•PCMS Software & Services segment. Our revenues are diversified, with our top ten customers accounting for approximately 38%, 37%, 36% and 33% of our revenues during the year ended December 31, 2017, the transition period ended December 31, 2016 and fiscal 2016 and 2015, respectively.
•Mechanical Services
•Nuclear Power
•Offshore
•Phased Array
•Pipeline
•Power Generation
•Predictive Maintenance
•Refractory Inspection
•Rope Access/Wind
•Substation Reliability
•Tank Inspection
•Transportation
•Tube Inspection
•Unmanned Systems
ASSET PROTECTION INDUSTRY OVERVIEW
Asset Protection Industry Overview
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NDT has historically been a prominent solution in the asset protection industry due to its capacity to detect defects without compromising the usefulnessintegrity of the tested materials or equipment. The evolutionsupply of NDT inspection services in combination with broader industry trends, including increased asset utilization and aging of infrastructure, includes the desire by owners to extend the useful life of their existing infrastructure, new construction projects, enhanced government regulation and the shortage of certified NDT professionals, have made NDT an integral and increasingly outsourced part ofhas traditionally come from many asset-intensive industries. The industry has progressed such that end users are actively seeking firms that can provide asset protection solutions to both in and out of service issues.
Due to a transition from traditional NDT solutions to more advanced solutions that employ automated digital sensor
Key Dynamics of the Asset Protection Industry
We believe the following represent key dynamics of the asset protection industry:industry, and that the market available to us will continue to grow as these macro-market trends continue to develop:
Extending the Useful Life of Aging Infrastructure. TheInfrastructure While Increasing Utilization. Due to the prohibitive costcosts and challengechallenges of building new infrastructure, has resulted in the significant aging of existing infrastructure and causedmany companies to seek wayshave chosen to extend the useful life of existing assets through enhancements, rather than replacing these assets. For example, due toThis has resulted in the significant cost associated with constructing new refineries, stringent environmental regulations which haveaging and increased the costsutilization of managing them and difficulty in finding suitable locations on which to build them, only one new refinery has been constructed in the United States since 1976. Another example is in the area of power transmission and distribution. The Smart Grid initiative in the United States is causing increased loading on aging transformers that are more than 40 years old in many cases. The need to test and monitor these units to ensure their reliability until replacement is instrumental in support of a reliable Smart Grid network. Because aging infrastructure requires relatively higher levels of maintenance and repair in comparison to new infrastructure, as well as more frequent, extensive and ongoing testing, companies and public authorities continue to spend on asset protection solutions to ensure the operational and structural integrity of existing infrastructure.
Outsourcing of Non-Core Activities and Technical Resource Constraints. Due to the increasing sophistication and automation of NDT programs, a decreasing supply of skilled professionals and increasing governmental regulations, companies are increasingly using asset protection solutionsoutsourcing NDT to efficiently ensure the integritythird-party providers with advanced solution portfolios, engineering expertise and safety of their assets. Implementation of asset protection solutions can also lead to increased productivity as a result of reduced maintenance-related downtime.
trained workforces.Increasing Corrosion from Low-Quality Inputs.Inputs. The increased availability and low cost of crude oil from areas such as shale plays and oil sands resources have led to the use of lower gradelower-grade raw materials and feedstock used in refinery and power generation processes. These lower grade raw materials and feedstock,feedstock. This leads to higher rates of corrosion, especially in the case of the refining processprocesses involving petroleum with higher sulfur content, can rapidly corrode the infrastructure with which they come into contact, which in turn increases the need for asset protection solutions to identify such corrosion and enable infrastructure owners todetect and/or proactively combat the problems caused by such corrosion.
prevent corrosion-related issues.Increasing Use of Advanced Materials.Materials. Customers in various of our target markets - particularly aerospace and defense - are increasingly utilizing advanced materials, such as composites and other unique technologies in the manufacturing and construction of new infrastructure and aerospace applications. As a result, they require advanced testing, assessment and maintenance technologies to inspect and to protect these assets, since many of these advancedtheir assets. These materials often cannot be tested using traditional NDT techniques. We believe that demand for NDTmore advanced testing and assessment solutions will increase as companies and public authorities continue to usealong with the demand for these advanced materials not only during the operating phase of the lifecycle of their assets, but also during the design, manufacturing, operating and quality control phases and are more frequently integrating and embedding sensors directly into the end product in support of total life cycle asset management.
phases.Meeting Safety Regulations.Regulations. Owners and operators of infrastructure assetsrefineries, pipelines and petrochemical and chemical plants increasingly face strict government regulations and more stringent process safety requirements.enforcement standards. This includes the continued implementation of the Occupational Safety and Health Administration’s (OSHA) National Emphasis Program (NEP). Failure to meet these standards can result in significant financial liabilities, increased scrutiny by Occupational Safetygovernment and Health Administration (OSHA), U.S. DOT Pipeline and Hazardous
Expanding Addressable End-Markets. Advances in NDT sensor technology and asset protection software based systems, and theEnd-Markets. The continued emergence of newand advances in asset protection technologies and software-based systems are creating increasedincreasing the demand for asset protection solutions in applications where existing techniques were previously ineffective.
Expanding Aerospace Industry. Industry. We believe that increased demand will continue to come from the aerospace industry due to the approximately decade-long backlog for next generationnext-generation commercial aircraft to be built, driving the need for enhanced levelsadvanced solutions that drive cost and quality efficiencies.
Crude Oil Prices. We expect the current range for crude oil prices to continue for the foreseeable future. With the prices lower than the 2006 to 2014 time period, we continue to see reductions in NDT and maintenance spending, although not to the extent as experienced in recent years, due in part to the price stabilization. We expect customers may continue to defer inspection or maintenance spending into early 2020.
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Expanding Pipeline Integrity Regulations: The United States Pipeline & Hazardous Materials Safety Administration’s (PHMSA) “Mega Rule” adopted in October 2019, expands pipeline integrity regulations on more than 500,000 miles of pipelines that carry natural gas, oil and other hazardous materials throughout the U.S. Some of these requirements will take operators decades to fulfill. These regulations require inspection and integrity data records throughout a pipeline’s lifetime to be “reliable, traceable, verifiable, and complete,” increasing the demand for integrated inspection, engineering, monitoring, and data management and analysis solutions.
Our Competitive Strengths
We believe the following competitive strengths contribute to our being a leading provider of asset protection solutions and will allow us to further capitalize on growth opportunities in our industry:
One Source Provider for Asset Protection Solutions. We believe we have one of the most comprehensive portfolios of integrated asset protection solutions worldwide, which positions us to be a leading single-source provider for our customers’ asset protection requirements. This is particularly a competitive strength in regards to turnarounds and shutdowns - during which facilities temporarily cease operations in order to perform plant-wide inspections, maintenance and repairs - as these work stoppages make up significant portions of refinery, process and power plant maintenance budgets. Demand for our solutions increases during these outages, as facilities seek third-party providers to perform a wide spectrum of asset protection operations while the plant is offline. In addition, as companies are increasingly outsourcing their NDT needs to third-party providers, we believe that the ability to offer a comprehensive package of solutions provides us with a competitive advantage.
Integrated Data Management: MISTRAS’ expertise and proprietary research and development in data solutions throughout the asset protection cycle provides a competitive advantage. With solutions for integrated data acquisition, storage, visualization and analytics, our integrated data management solutions are ahead of the industry’s trend towards centralizing asset protection to fewer, highly-skilled and multi-disciplined vendors. Many of our data solutions are platform-agnostic, which expands the potential customer pool for our solutions as we can integrate into customers’ existing operations.
Long-Standing Trusted Provider to a Diversified and Growing Customer Base. We have become a trusted partner to a large and growing customer base across numerous global markets through our proven, decades-long track record of successful operations. Our customers include some of the largest and most well-recognized firms in the oil and gas, chemicals, power generation and aerospace and defense industries, as well as public authorities.
Repository of Customer-Specific Inspection Data. Through our PCMS world-class enterprise data management and analysis software, we have accumulated extensive, proprietary process data that allows us to provide our customers with value-added services, such as benchmarking, risk-based inspection (RBI) and reliability-centered maintenance (RCM).
Proprietary Products, Software and Technology Packages. Our deep knowledge base in asset protection services and equipment enables us to offer technology packages, in which our field technicians utilize our proprietary and specialized testing procedures and hardware, advanced pattern recognition, neural network software and databases to compare test results against our prior testing data or national and international structural integrity standards.
Deep Domain Knowledge and Extensive Industry Experience. We have extensive asset protection experience and data, dating back several decades of operations. We have gained this through our industry leadership in developing advanced asset protection solutions, including research and development of advanced NDT technologies and applications; process engineering technologies; online plant asset integrity management with sensor fusion; and enterprise software solutions for plant-wide and fleet-wide inspection data archiving and management.
Technological Research and Development. The NDT industry continues to move towards more advanced, automated solutions, requiring service providers to find safer and more cost-efficient inspection techniques. We believe that we remain ahead of the technological curve by backing our extensive industry expertise with the investment of resources in research and development (R&D). Some of the advanced inspection technologies developed by our internal R&D teams include an automated radiographic testing (aRT) crawler for corrosion under insulation (CUI) inspections in aboveground pipelines; our Large Structure Inspection (LSI) scanner; and our real-time radiography (RTR) crawler for 360° inspections of pipeline girth welds.
Collaborating with Our Customers. We have historically expanded our asset protection solution portfolio in response to our customers’ unique performance specifications. Our technology packages have often been developed in close cooperation and partnership with key customers and industry organizations.
Experienced Management Team. Our management team has a track record of asset protection organizational leadership. These individuals also have successfully driven operational growth organically and through acquisitions, which we believe is important to facilitate future growth in the asset protection industry.
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Our Growth Strategy
Our growth strategy emphasizes the following key elements:
Expand Our Focus in the Aerospace Industry. We believe that ownersthe introduction of capital assets willnext-generation airframes and aircraft engines has created an inherent demand for inspection, testing, machining and mechanical services required for the production of parts. The recent interest in the use of additive manufacturing techniques to create components also necessitates advanced inspection and testing solutions. The Company consummated two acquisitions of aerospace inspection companies in 2017. These recent actions are driven by our increased focus to provide solutions to our customers throughout their manufacturing value chains in this growing area.
Expand Our Focus in the Pipeline Integrity Industry. MISTRAS intends to continue broadening our solutions for the pipeline market. Recent industry regulations significantly expanded pipeline integrity management regulations, requiring pipeline owner/operators to inspect, document, and assess the risk of operating conditions for existing lines. This provides MISTRAS with the opportunity to provide asset protection solutions for both the new construction and integrity phases. In 2019, we acquired a company that provides pipeline integrity management software and services to energy transportation companies. We acquired an inline inspection provider based in Canada in 2018 with operations in the U.S. and have implemented our PCMS software for several pipeline operators to support their integrity data management.
Expanding our Mechanical Services Portfolio. We believe that performing mechanical services to complement inspections, such as removing and reapplying insulation or preparing surfaces for coating or painting, is an important market differentiator for us. This is particularly true when considering the cost-efficiencies our customers realize when our rope access technicians perform these services at height without the use of scaffolding. Many of our customers already require these services, but utilize multiple vendors to do so, creating an opportunity for us to provide greater value to a customer base that increasingly lookrequires enhanced speed and efficiency.
Continue to Develop Technology-Enabled & Digital Asset Protection Solutions. We intend to maintain and enhance our technological leadership by continuing to invest in developing new technology, applications and data services. We intend to continue deepening synergies between our solutions to provide our customers with uniquely-integrated offerings, which we believe makes us a more attractive vendor for a single vendor who can providecustomers seeking to centralize their asset protection. We also intend to continue to develop technologies that enhance the flow of data throughout multiple operational phases and facilities, through solutions such as MISTRAS Digital, our integrated pipeline integrity data portfolio, and our cloud-based monitoring data portal.
Expand our Solution Offerings to Existing Customers. We believe that branching into adjacent, complementary services, such as mechanical services, increases our value proposition and our ability to capture additional business. Many of our customers are multinational corporations with asset protection requirements at multiple locations. We believe that expanding our solution offerings, combined with the trend of customers outsourcing asset protection to service providers with integrated offerings, provides opportunities for significant additional recurring revenues.
Continue to Expand Our Customer Base into New End Markets. We believe we have significant opportunities to expand our customer base in relatively new end markets, including wind and other alternative energy, natural gas transportation industries pipeline integrity and additive manufacturing. The expansion of our addressable markets is being driven by the increased recognition and adoption of advanced asset protection technologies that are supplanting traditional methods.
Capitalize on Acquisitions. We have completed several acquisitions to supplement and enhance our solutions, add new customers, expand our sales channels and accelerate our expected growth. Due to our current debt levels and restrictions related to the debt covenants in our credit facility, we do not expect to make any acquisitions in 2020. However, once we reduce our debt, we expect to make selective acquisitions beyond 2020.
Our Segments
The Company has three operating segments:
Services. This segment provides asset protection solutions predominantly in North America, with the largest concentration in the United States, consisting primarily of non-destructive testing, inspection, mechanical and engineering services that are complementaryused to inspectionevaluate the structural integrity and reliability of critical energy, industrial and public infrastructure.
International. This segment offers services, suchproducts and systems similar to those of our Services and Products and Systems segments to select markets within Europe, the Middle East, Africa, Asia and South America, but not to customers in China and South Korea, which are served by our Products and Systems segment.
Products and Systems. This segment designs, manufactures, sells, installs and services our asset protection products and systems, including equipment and instrumentation, predominantly in the United States.
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For a discussion of segment revenues, operating results and other financial information, including geographic areas in which we generated revenues, see “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations” in Item 7, as removing insulationwell as Note 2–Revenue in orderthe notes to inspect piping, then reinstalling insulation.
consolidated financial statements in Item 8 of this Annual Report.
Our Target Markets
Overview
Mistras operates in a highly competitive, but fragmented market. Domestically, the market is serviced by several national competitors and many regional and/or local companies. Internationally, our primary competitors are divisions of large companies, with additional competition from small independent local companies which may be limited to a specific product, service or technology and focused on a niche market or geographic region. We focus our strategic sales, marketing and product development efforts on a range of infrastructure-intensive based industries and governmental authorities. We view energy-related infrastructure and commercial aerospace as the Company's largest market opportunities. We perform inspection and mechanical services for customers in both industries.
In the energy market, there are various economic indicators that drive our business, especially in the U.S. domestic markets. These factors are excerpted below from various Energy Information Administration (EIA) outlook reports;reports:
There are a number of economic factors which drive the aerospace market, including:
•The approximately decade-long backlog for next generation commercial aircraft to be built, including several large and mid-sized aircraft built by Boeing Airbus, Bombardier and Embraer,Airbus, among other manufacturers;
•At CFM International's planned full Leap production rate of 2,000-plus engines a year from 2020 onward, the existing order backlog represents eight full years of production; and
•The continuing regulatory scrutiny to ensure public safety associated with these new technologically advanced aircraft, which serves to ensure the continued need for inspection and mechanical services to be performed, as well as to limit the numberperformed.
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Revenue by Target Market
The following chart represents the percentage of consolidated revenues we generated from our various markets for the year ended December 31, 2017:2019:
Mistras Revenues by Target Market
(Year ended December 31, 2017)2019)
Oil and Gas
MISTRAS supplies oil and gas asset protection solutions to downstream (refining), midstream (transportation and storage), upstream (exploration and production) and petrochemical operations.
We actively seek to evolve our solutions through technological enhancements and R&D to discover new applications. Online monitoring and permanently mountedpermanently-mounted sensors, as well as the use of drones and other alternative delivery devices, are all being considered as the Oiloil and Gasgas infrastructure owners look to “smart” technologies that reduce human intervention while delivering highly accurate datahighly-accurate inspection & integrity data. We also have actively sought to aid in their operational decisions. This helps to drive demand forfurther enhance our integrated approach to asset protection. protection, through the development of our complementary mechanical service portfolio.
In general, the energy market is poised to leverage digital solutions to facilitate process improvements as well as increase plant reliability and improve process and personnel safety. This provides an opportunity for the Company to synergistically leverage our asset protection solutions into our new MISTRAS Digital platform. Digital transmission of data in various industry sectors, with built-in analytic functions, will allow our customers to better leverage inspection data that is being generated in the field.
While we expect off-stream inspection of vessels and piping during a plant shut-down or turnaroundcritical assets to remain a routine practice, by companies in these industries, we anticipate this practice will decrease as owners utilizean increase in the demand for non-invasive, or on-stream inspections, of critical assets.inspections. Non-invasive inspections enablesenable companies to minimize the costs associated with shutdownsshutting down equipment during testing, while enabling the economic and safety advantages of advanced planning and/or predictive maintenance.
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Aerospace and Defense
The aerospace industry is enjoyingundergoing unprecedented growth with many original equipment manufacturers (OEMs) reporting recordrecord-high backlogs of up to ten years. We serve this rapidly growingrapidly-growing target market by providing our state of the art fully integrated inspection systems to OEMs. For the OEM that prefers to outsource this inspection, we provide a full range of inspection, testing, machining, mechanical, finishing, additive manufacturing and equipment solutions, which we are Nadcap certified. Our state-of-the-art in-house services through our various regional facilities. These facilities have obtained andlabs maintain numerous accreditations from industry organizations, including Nadcap and certifications required to meet the stringent inspection criteria that the aerospace industry demands.
Advanced composite materials found in new classes of aircraft require advanced asset protection solutions, including x-ray of critical engine components, ultrasonic fatigue testing of complete aircraft structures and corrosion detection and on-board monitoring of landing gear and other critical components. Many OEMs are shifting towards condition-based maintenance utilizing embedded monitoring sensors to track component structural and operational integrity over time as opposed to performing maintenance on time-based intervals. We expect increased demand for our solutions to result from wider useincrease with the adoption of advanced compositesthese new-age materials and distributed on-lineonline sensor networksnetworks. We also expect demand for asset protection solutions to increase with the continued adoption of additive manufacturing techniques.
Industrial
The quality control requirements driven by the need for zero-to-low-defect component tolerance within automated, robotic-intensive industries such as automotive, consumer electronics and other embedded analytical applications built intomedical industries serve as key drivers for increased demand in asset protection, particularly for in-house inspection and testing. We expect that increasingly stringent quality-control requirements and competitive forces will drive the structure of assets that enable real-time performance monitoringdemand for more-costly finishing and condition-based maintenance.
polishing which, in turn, creates opportunities for integrated partnerships between MISTRAS and our customers throughout the production lifecycle.
Power Generation and Transmission
The growing availability of cheap natural gas, along with environmental concerns with coal, has stimulated the construction of new natural gas-fired power plants across North America, creating opportunities for MISTRAS to provide specialized solutions in multiple phases. These include facility design consultations, NDT services during construction and plant operations and long-term condition monitoring. We anticipate sharp growth in these types of plants as natural gas pricing remains low, and the environmental impacts of coal remain unattractive to the public.
Process Industries
failure.
Public Infrastructure, Research and Engineering
We believe that high profilehigh-profile infrastructure catastrophes such as the collapse of the I-35W Mississippi River Bridge in Minneapolis and others since, have caused public authorities to more actively seek ways to prevent similar events from occurring. Public authorities tasked with new construction and maintenance of existing public infrastructure increasingly use asset protection solutions to inspect these assets, including the use of embedded sensors to enable on-lineonline monitoring throughout the life of the asset. This is a target market for our application technology and experience. Over the last twenty years, we
We have provided testing and structural health monitoring (SHM) solutions on many bridges and structures worldwide, among which includeincluding some of the largest and most well-known bridges in the United States and United Kingdom. In fiscal 2015, for example, we installed several wire break systems complete with multipleOur sensors types (known as sensor fusion). These bridgescontinuously monitor these assets, alerting owner/operators when defects are being monitored continuously and automatically, alerting the bridge owner when a crack is detected. Other services are offered, including internet and cloud data transfer, secure web sites andOur monitoring contracts thatteams also provide for “around the clock monitoring” and regular reports which provide information on the status of the bridge andthat include early detectionwarnings of suspect areas that can be identified and repaired before an alarm is generated. We continue to provide these monitoring services worldwide.
Customers
We provide our asset protection solutions to a global customer base of diverse companies primarily in our target markets. OneNo customer BP plc., accounted for approximately 11%, 12% andrepresented 10% or more of our total revenuesrevenue for either of the yearyears ended December 31, 2017, the transition period ended December 31, 20162019 or 2018.
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Geographic Areas
We have operations in 10 countries and fiscal 2016, respectively. No customer accounted for more than 10%occasionally conduct business in a few other countries. Most of our revenues in fiscal 2015.
Sales and Marketing
We sell our asset protection solutions through our direct sales and marketing teams within all of our offices worldwide. In addition, our project and laboratory managers, as well as our management, are trained on our solutions and often are the source of sales leads and customer contacts. Our direct sales and marketing teams work closely with our customers’ research and design personnel, reliability engineers and facilities maintenance engineers to demonstrate the benefits and capabilities of our asset protection solutions, refine our asset protection solutions based on changing market and customer needs and identify potential sales opportunities. We divide our sales and marketing efforts into services sales, products and systems sales and marketing and utilize customer relationship management (CRM) systems to collect, manage and collaborate customer information with our teams globally. Our CRM's also provide critical data to provide accurate forecasting and reporting.
Manufacturing
Most of our hardware products are manufactured in our Princeton Junction, New Jersey facility. Our Princeton Junction facility includes the capabilities and personnel to fully produce all of our AE products and NDT Automation Ultrasonic equipment. We also design and manufacture automated ultrasonic systems and scanners in France.
Employees
Providing our asset protection solutions requires a highly-skilled and technically proficient employee base. As of December 31, 2019, we had approximately 5,500 employees worldwide, of which approximately 65% were based in the United States. Less than 0.5% of our employees in the United States are unionized. We believe that we have good relations with our employees.
Seasonality
Our business is seasonal. This seasonality relates primarily to our Services segment.oil and gas business. U.S. refineries’ non-peak periods are generally in the fall, when they are retooling to produce more heating oil for winter, and in the spring, when they are retooling to produce more gasoline for summer. The peak periods for these customers are the summer and winter months, when they run at peak capacity and are not retooling or performing turnarounds or shut downs. As a result, our revenues in the summer and winter months are typically lower than our revenues in the fall and spring because demand for our asset protection solutions from the oil and gas as well as the fossil and nuclear power industries increases during their non-peak production periods. Because we are increasing our work in the fall and spring, our cash flows are lower in those quarters than in the summer and winter, as collections of receivables lag behind revenues. We expect that this seasonality will continue.
Competition
We operate in a highly competitive, but fragmented, market. Our primary competitors are divisions of large companies and many of our other competitors arevarious small companies which generally are limited to a specific product or technology and focused on a niche market or geographic region. We believe that nonefew, if any, of our competitors currently providesprovide the full range of asset protection and NDT products, enterprise software (PCMS) and the traditional and advanced services solutions that we offer. Our competition with respect to NDT services include the Acuren division of Rockwood Service Corporation, SGS Group, the Team Qualspec division of Team, Inc. and APPLUS RTD. Our competition with respect to our PCMS software includes UltraPIPE, Lloyd’s Register Capstone, Inc. and Meridium Systems. In the traditional NDT market, we believe the principal competitive factors include project management, availability of qualified personnel, execution, price, reputation and quality. Inquality; whereas in the advanced NDT market, reputation, quality and size are moretend to be the most significant competitive factors than price.factors. We believe that the NDT market has significant barriers to entry which would make it difficult for new competitors to enter the market. These barriers include: (1) having to acquire or develop advanced NDT services, products and systems technologies, which in our case occurred over many years of customer engagements and at significant internal research and development expense, (2) complex regulations and safety codes that require significant industry experience, (3) license requirements and evolved quality and safety programs,
(4) costly and time-consuming certification processes, (5) capital requirements and (6) emphasis by large customers on size and critical mass, length of relationship and past service record.
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Research and MarketingDevelopment
MISTRAS makes strategic R&D investments in technologies that support integration with our other solution offerings to enhance cost- and time-efficiencies, maximize uptime and safety and improve the flow of data from field technicians to inspection databases. We are investing resources in the development of MISTRAS Digital, an electronic platform that will digitally deliver field inspection assignments and related data, capture inspection results, and provide electronic reporting and productivity tracking. MISTRAS also invested significant R&D in pre-machining and advanced testing technologies in a purpose-built facility includesfor an aerospace customer, with the capabilitiesgoal of reducing the customer’s production cycle logistics and personnelcosts.
We also work with customers to fully produce alldevelop new products or applications for our technology, including:
•Testing of new composites
•Detecting crack propagation
•Wireless and communications technologies
•Development of permanently embedded inspection systems to provide continuous, online, in-service monitoring of critical structural components
Research and development expenses are reflected on our consolidated statements of income as research and engineering expenses. Our company-sponsored research and engineering expenses were approximately $3.0 million, $3.3 million and $2.3 million for the years ended December 31, 2019, 2018 and 2017, respectively. While we have historically funded most of our AE products, NDT Automation Ultrasonic equipmentresearch and Vibra-Metrics vibration sensing productsdevelopment expenditures, from time to time we also receive customer-sponsored research and systems. Certaindevelopment funding. Most of the projects are in our target markets; however, a few of the projects could lead to other hardware is manufactured by a third party and then loaded by us with our proprietary software. We also design and manufacture automated ultrasonic systems and scanners in France.future market opportunities.
Intellectual Property
Our success depends, in part, on our ability to maintain and protect our proprietary technology and to conduct our business without infringing on the proprietary rights of others. We utilize a combination of intellectual property safeguards, including patents, copyrights, trademarks and trade secrets, as well as employee and third-party confidentiality agreements, to protect our intellectual property.
As of December 31, 2017,2019, we held 4two U.S. patents (by direct ownership or exclusive licensing), all in the United States, which will expire at various times betweenin 2021 and 2026, respectively, and licensehad four patents pending in the U.S. for applications filed in 2018 and 2019, and had licenses to certain other patents. However, we do not principally rely on these patents or licenses to provide our proprietary asset protection solutions. Our trademarks and service marks provide us and our products and servicessolutions with a certain amount of brand recognition in our markets. We do not consider any single patent, trademark or service mark material to our financial condition or results of operations.
As of December 31, 2017,2019, the primary trademarks and service marks that we held in the United States included MistrasMISTRAS® and our stylized globe design. Other key trademarks or service marks that we utilize in localized markets or product advertising include PCMS®, Physical Acoustics Corporation and the PAC logo, Ropeworks®, NOESIS, Pocket AE®, Pocket UT®, AEwin®, AEwinPost, UTwin®, UTIA, LST, Vibra-Metrics®, Field CAL®, MONPAC, PERFPAC, TANKPAC® , Valve-Squeak®,VPAC, POWERPAC, Sensor Highway, QSL, NDT Automation, and include:
•One Source for Asset ProjectionProtection Solutions®.
•PCMS®
•Streamview™
•Ropeworks®
•Sensor Highway™
•TankPAC®
•CALIPERAY®
•VPAC™
•Transformer Clinic™
Many elements of our asset protection solutions involve proprietary know-how, technology or data that are not covered by patents or patent applications because they are not patentable or patents covering them would be difficult to enforce, including technical processes, equipment designs, algorithms and procedures. We believe that this proprietary know-how, technology and data is the most
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important component of our intellectual property assets used in our asset protection solutions and is a primary differentiator of our asset protection solutions from those of our competitors. We rely on various trade secret protection techniques and agreements with our customers, service providers and vendors to protect these assets. All of our employees are subject to confidentiality requirements through our employee handbook. In addition, employees in our Products and Systems segment and our other employees involved in the developmentmany of our intellectual propertyemployees have entered into confidentiality and proprietary information agreements with us. Our employee handbook and these agreements require our employees not to use or disclose our confidential information, to assign to us all of the inventions, designs and technologies they develop during the course of employment with us and to otherwise address intellectual property protection issues. We also seek confidentiality agreements from our customers and business partners before we disclose any sensitive aspects of our asset protection solutions technologytechnologies or business strategies. We are not currently involved in any material intellectual property claims.
Environmental Matters
We are subject to numerous environmental, legal and regulatory requirements related to our operations worldwide. In the United States, these laws and regulations include, among others: the Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation, and Liability Act, the Resources Conservation and Recovery Act, the Clean Air Act, the Federal Water Pollution Control Act, the Toxic Substances Control Act, the Atomic Energy Act, the Energy Reorganization Act of 1974, and applicable regulations. In addition to the federal laws and regulations, states and other countries where we do business often have numerous environmental, legal and regulatory requirements by which we must abide. We evaluate and address the environmental impact of our operations by assessing properties in order to avoid future liabilities and comply with environmental, legal and regulatory requirements.
We received a notice in May 2015 that the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (“EPA”) performed a preliminary assessment of a leased facility we operate in Cudahy, California. Based upon the preliminary assessment, the EPA conducted an investigation of the site. The purpose of the investigation issites to determine whether any hazardous materials were released from the facility. We have beenwere informed that certain hazardous materials and pollutants have been found in the ground water in the general vicinity of the site and the EPA is attempting to ascertain the origination or source of these materials and pollutants. Given the historic industrial use of the site, the EPA determined that the site of our Cudahy facility should be examined along with numerous other sites in the vicinity. In 2018, the California Department of Toxic Substances Control notified the owner of the property that it may perform additional investigation of the property. At this time, we are not able to determine whether we have any liability in connection with this matter and if so, the amount or range of any such liability.
Executive Officers
The following are our executive officers and other key employees as of December 31, 20172019 and their background and experience:
| Name | Age | Position | ||||||||||||
| Executive Chairman and Director | ||||||||||||||
| Dennis Bertolotti | President, Chief Executive Officer and Director | |||||||||||||
| Edward J. Prajzner | 53 | Executive Vice President, Chief Financial Officer and Treasurer | ||||||||||||
| Michael C. Keefe | Executive Vice President, General Counsel and Secretary | |||||||||||||
| Michael J. Lange | Senior Executive Vice President of Global Business Development, Marketing & Strategic Planning, and Director | |||||||||||||
| Jonathan H. Wolk | Senior Executive Vice President | |||||||||||||
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Dennis Bertolotti joined Mistras when Conam Inspection Services was acquired in 2003, where Mr. Bertolotti was a Vice President at the time of the acquisition. Since then, Mr. Bertolotti has had increasing levels of responsibility with Mistras, and became our President and Chief Executive Officer and Director, effective August 10, 2017. From June 1, 2016 to August 9, 2017, Mr. Bertolotti was our President and Chief Operating Officer. Mr. Bertolotti has been in the NDT business for over 30 years, and previously held ASNT Level III certifications and various American Petroleum Institute, or API, certifications, and received his Associate of Science degree in NDT from Moraine Valley Community College in 1983. Mr. Bertolotti has also received a Bachelor of Science and MBA from Otterbein College.
Edward J. Prajzner joined Mistras in January 2018. Prior to joining Mistras, Mr. Prajzner worked at CECO Environmental Corp., a global service provider to environmental, energy and filtration industries, and served as Chief Financial Officer and Secretary from 2014 to 2017, Vice President of Finance and Chief Accounting Officer from 2013 until his appointment as CFO in 2014, and Corporate Controller and Chief Accounting Officer from 2012 to 2013. Mr. Prajzner also served in senior finance roles at CDI Corporation (now AE Industrial Partners), and American Infrastructure (now Allan Myers). Mr. Prajzner began his career in public accounting at Ernst & Young, received his B.S. in accountancy from Villanova University, his MBA in finance from Temple University and is a certified public accountant.
Michael C. Keefe joined Mistras in December 2009. Prior to joining Mistras, Mr. Keefe worked at International Fight League, a publicly-traded sports promotion company, from 2007 until 2009, in various executive positions. From 1990 until 2006, Mr. Keefe served in various legal roles with Lucent Technologies and AT&T, the last four years as Vice President, Corporate and Securities Law and Assistant Secretary. Mr. Keefe received a BS in Business Administration (Accounting) from Seton Hall University and a J.D. from Seton Hall University School of Law.
Michael J. Lange joined Mistras when we acquired Quality Services Laboratories in November 2000, and was elected a Director in 2003. Mr. Lange has held various executive level positions with Mistras, becoming Vice Chairman in July 2015 and Senior Executive Vice President, effective June 1, 2016. Mr. Lange is a well-recognized authority in Radiography and has held an ASNT Level III Certificate for almost 20 years. Mr. Lange received an Associate of Science degree in NDT from the Spartan School of Aeronautics.
Jonathan H. Wolk joined Mistras in November 2013 and served as Executive Vice President, Chief Financial Officer and Treasurer until August 10, 2017, when Mr. Wolk became Senior Executive Vice President and Chief Operating Officer. Mr. Wolk was also acting Chief Financial Officer from August 10, 2017 until the appointment of Mr. Prajzner on January 5, 2018. Prior to joining Mistras, Mr. Wolk served as Senior Vice President, Chief Financial Officer and Secretary of American Woodmark Corporation from 2004 until August 2013. Prior to American Woodmark, he served as the Chief Financial Officer and Treasurer of Tradecard, Inc., from 2000 to 2004, and was the global controller of GE Capital Real Estate from 1998 to 2000. Mr. Wolk started his career in public accounting at KPMG, received his B.S. in accounting from State University of New York-Albany and is a certified public accountant.
Our executive officers are elected by, and serve at the discretion of, our board of directors. There are no family relationships among any of our directors or executive officers.
Our Website and Available Information
Our website address is www.mistrasgroup.com. We file reports with the SEC, including Quarterly Reports on Form 10-Q, Annual Reports on Form 10-K, Current Reports on Form 8-K and Proxy Statements. All of the materials we file with or furnish to the SEC are available free of charge on our website at http://investors.mistrasgroup.com/sec.cfm, as soon as reasonably practicable after having been electronically submitted to the SEC. Information contained on or connected to our website is not incorporated by reference into this Annual Report on Form 10-K and should not be considered part of this report or any other filing with the SEC. All of our SEC filings are also available at the SEC’s website at www.sec.gov. In addition, materials we file with the SEC may be read and copied at the SEC’s Public Reference Room at 100 F Street, NE, Washington, DC 20549. The public may obtain information on the operation of the Public Reference Room by calling the SEC at 1-800-SEC-0330.
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ITEM 1A.RISK FACTORS
This section describes the major risks to us, our business and our common stock. You should carefully read and consider the risks described below, together with the other information contained in this Annual Report, including our financial statements and the notes thereto and “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations”(MD&A) before making an investment decision. The statements contained in this section constitute cautionary statements under the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995. If any of these risks occur, our business, financial condition, results of operations and future growth prospects may be adversely affected. As a result, the trading price of our common stock would likely decline, and you may lose all or part of your investment. You should understand that it is not possible to predict or identify all risk factors that could impact us. For example, the current pandemic created by the COVID-19 coronavirus is causing a dramatic negative impact on the health of citizens of many countries, which in turn has caused major disruptions in economies and markets around the world, including our key markets. Accordingly, you should not consider the following to be a complete discussion of all risks and uncertainties pertaining to us and our common stock.
Risks Related to Our Business
Our long-term growth strategy includes acquisitions. We may not be able to identify suitable acquisition candidates or integrate acquired businesses successfully, which may adversely impact our results. In addition, due to our current debt levels and the restrictions related to the debt covenants in our credit facility, we do not expect to complete any acquisitions in 2020. Furthermore, acquisitions that we dohave completed or may complete in the future could expose us to a number of unanticipated operational and financial risks.
A significant factor in our growth has been and will continue to be based upon our ability to make acquisitions and successfully integrate these acquired businesses. We intend to continue to seek additional acquisition opportunities,have used acquisitions both to expand into new markets and to enhance our position in existing markets. This strategy has provided us with many benefits and has helped fuel our growth, but also carries with it many risks. Some of the risks associated with our acquisition strategy include:
•whether we successfully identify suitable acquisition candidates, negotiate appropriate acquisition terms, and complete proposed acquisitions;
•whether we can successfully integrate acquired businesses into our current operations, including our accounting, internal control and information technology systems, marketing and other key infrastructure;
•whether we can adequately capture opportunities that an acquired business may offer, including the expansion into new markets in which we do not have significantlittle to no experience or presence;
•whether we value an acquired business properly when determining the purchase price and terms, and whether we are able to achieve the returns on the investment we expect;
•whether an acquired business can achieve levels of revenues, profitability, productivity or cost savings we expect;
•whether an acquired business is compatible with our culture and philosophy of doing business;
•the unexpected loss of key personnel and customers of an acquired business;
•the assumption of liabilities and risks (including environmental-related costs) of an acquired business, some of which may not be anticipated;
•the potential disruption of our ongoing business and distraction of management and other personnel of us and the acquired business resulting from the efforts to acquire, then integrate, an acquired business;
•the potential for greater exposure to risks associated with international operations; and
•the useamount and cost of significant funds, including those borrowedfunding (including borrowings under our bank credit agreement,agreement) to acquire and the opportunity cost associated with the funds spent on the acquisition and integration ofintegrate other businesses (some of which acquisition funding may be substantial), as well asrequire substantial funding) and the impact of the acquisition and borrowing on our continued compliance with covenants in our bank covenants.credit agreement.
Our ability to undertake acquisitions is limited by our financial resources, including available cash and borrowing capacity. Due to our current debt levels and restrictions related to the debt covenant in our credit facility, we do not expect to make any acquisitions in 2020. Future acquisitions could result in potentially dilutive issuances of equity securities, the incurrence of substantial additional indebtedness and other expenses, any of which could adversely impact our financial condition and results of operations. Although management intends to: (i) evaluate the risks inherent in any particular transaction, (ii) assume only
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risks management believes to be acceptable, and (iii) develop plans to mitigate such risks, there are no assurances that we will properly ascertain or accurately assess the extent of all such risks. Difficulties encountered with acquisitions may adversely impact our business, financial condition and results of operations.
In addition, we have a significant amount of goodwill and other intangible assets on our balance sheet from our acquisitions. This will increase as we complete more acquisitions. If our acquisitions do not perform as planned and we do not realize the benefits and profitability we expect, we could incur significant write-downs and impairment charges to our earnings due to the impairment of the goodwill and other intangible assets we have acquired or acquire in the future.
Our international operations are subject to risks relating to non-U.S. operations.
For the yearyears ended December 31, 2017, the transition period ended December 31, 20162019, 2018 and fiscal 2016 and 2015,2017, we generated approximately 33%34%, 36%34%, 28% and 31%33% of our revenues outside the United States, respectively. In addition, our international operations as a percentage of our business may increase over time. Our primary operations outside the United States are in Canada, Germany, France, the United Kingdom and Brazil. We also have operations in the Netherlands, Belgium, Greece and India. There are numerous risks inherent in doing business in international markets, including:
•fluctuations in currency exchange rates and interest rates;
•varying regional and geopolitical business and economic conditions and demands;
•compliance with applicable foreign regulations and licensing requirements, and U.S. laws and regulation with respect to our business in other countries, including export controls and anti-bribery laws;
•the cost and uncertainty of obtaining data and creating solutions that are relevant to particular geographic markets;
•the need to provide sufficient levels of technical support in different locations;
•the complexity of maintaining effective policies and procedures in locations around the world;
•political instability and civil unrest;
•restrictions or limitations on outsourcing contracts or services abroad;
•the impact of the United Kingdom exiting the European Union; the ultimate effects of Brexit on the Company are difficult to predict. The Company currently has subsidiaries that operate in the United Kingdom and Europe and our UK subsidiary and other European subsidiaries from time to time share employees and equipment. Brexit will make this sharing of employees and equipment more time consuming and expensive, which could cause disruptions and adversely affect the Company’s financial condition, operating results and cash flows.
•restrictions or limitations on the repatriation of funds, or tax consequences on the non-repatriation of overseas operationally generated funds; and
•other potentially adverse tax consequences.
Due to our dependency on customers in the oil and gas industry, we are susceptible to prolonged negative trends relating to this industry that could adversely affect our operating results.
Our customers in the oil and gas industry (including the petrochemical market) have accounted for a substantial portion of our historical revenues. Specifically, they accounted for approximately 58%, 55%56%, 56% and 52%58% of our revenues for the yearyears ended December 31, 2017, the transition period ended December 31, 20162019, 2018 and fiscal 2016 and 2015,2017, respectively. Although we have expanded our customer base into industries other than the oil and gas industry, we still receive approximately halfa majority of our revenues from this industry. Our services are vital to the operators of plants and refineries and we have expanded our services offerings, such as expanding our mechnicalmechanical services capabilities. However, economic slowdowns or low oil prices have, and could continue to, result in cutbacks in contracts for our services. In addition, low oil prices could depress the level of new exploration and construction, which would adversely affect our market opportunities. If the oil and gas industry were to continue to operate in a market with low oil prices, our revenues, profits and cash flows may be reduced. While we continue to expand our market presence in the aerospace, power generation and transmission, and the chemical processing industries, among others, these markets are also cyclical in nature and as such, are subject to economic downturns.
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We expect to continue expanding and our success depends on how effectively we manage our growth.
We expect to continue experiencing growth including through acquisitions, in the number of employees and the scope of our operations over the long-term. To effectively manage our anticipated future growth, we must continue to implement and improve our managerial, operational, compliance, financial and reporting systems and capabilities, expand our facilities and continue to recruit and train additional qualified personnel. We expect that all these measures will require significant expenditures and will demand the attention of management. Failure to manage our growth effectively could lead us to over or under-invest in technology and operations, result in weaknesses in our infrastructure, systems, compliance programs or controls, and give rise to operational mistakes, the loss of business opportunities, the loss of employees and reduced productivity among remaining employees. Our expected growth could require significant capital expenditures and may divert financial resources from other projects, such as the development of new solutions. If our management is unable to effectively manage our expected growth, our expenses may increase more than expected, our profit margins may suffer, our revenues could decline or may grow more slowly than expected and we may be unable to implement our business strategy as anticipated.
Our operating results could be adversely affected by a reduction in business with our significant customers.
We derive a significant amount of revenues from a few customers. For instance, various divisions or business units of our largest customer were responsible for approximately 11% of our revenues for 2017. Taken as a group, our top ten customers were responsible for approximately 38%34%, 37%34%, 36% and 33%38% of our revenues for the yearyears ended December 31, 2017, the transition period ended December 31, 20162019, 2018 and fiscal 2016 and 2015,2017, respectively. This concentration pertains almost exclusively to our Services segment, which accounted for more than 70% of our revenues for the yearyears ended December 31, 2017, the transition period ended December 31, 20162019, 2018 and fiscal 2016 and 2015.2017. These customers are primarily in the oil and gas sector. Generally, our customers do not have an obligation to make purchases from us and may stop ordering our products and services or may terminate existing orders or contracts at any time with little or no financial penalty. The loss of any of our significant customers, any substantial decline in sales to these customers or any significant change in the timing or volume of purchases by our customers could result in lower revenues and could harm our business, financial condition or results of operations. During 2017, we have noted a challenged region within our Services segment ("the Challenged Region") which includes a large customer contract. During the first quarter of 2018, the large contract in the Challenged Region was awarded to another contractor. Accordingly, our 2018 results will be impacted by the loss of this contract.
An accident or incident involving our asset protection solutions could expose us to claims, harm our reputation and adversely affect our ability to compete for business and, as a result, harm our operating performance.
We could be exposed to liabilities arising out of the solutions we provide. For instance, we furnish the results of our testing and inspections for use by our customers in their assessment of their assets, facilities, plants and other structures. If such results were to be incorrect or incomplete, as a result of, for instance, poorly designed inspections, malfunctioning testing equipment or our employees’ failure to adequately test or properly record data, we could be subject to claims. Further, if an accident or incident involving a structure we tested occurs and causes personal injuries or property damage, such as the collapse of a bridge or an explosion in a facility, and particularly if these injuries or damages could have been prevented by our customers had we provided them with correct or complete results, we maywould likely face significant claims relating to personal injury, property damage or other losses. Even if our results are correct and complete, we may face claims for such injuries or damage simply because we tested the structure or facility in question. In addition, during the course of a single engagement, such as the inspection of a pipeline, we often perform tests on thousands of welds. Even if the accuracy of only a small number of these test results are questioned, a customer may attempt to refuse payment for the entire project. While we do have insurance, our insurance coverage does not cover non-payment by customers and may not be adequate to cover the damages from any such claims, forcing us to bear these uninsured damages directly, which could harm our operating results and may result in additional expenses and possible loss of revenues. An accident or incident for which we are found partially or fully responsible, even if fully insured, or even an incident at a customer or site for which we provide services although we were found not to be responsible, may also result in negative publicity, which would harm our reputation among our customers and the public, cause us to lose existing and future contracts or make it more difficult for us to compete effectively, thereby significantly harming our operating performance. In addition, the occurrence of an accident or incident might also make it more expensive or extremely difficult for us to insure against similar events in the future.
Many of the sites at which we work are inherently dangerous workplaces. If we fail to maintain a safe work environment, we may incur losses and lose business.
Many of our customers, particularly in the oil and gas and chemical industries, require their inspectors and other contractors working at their facilities to have good safety records because of the inherent danger at these sites. If our employees are injured at the work place, we willcould incur costs for the injuries and lost productivity. In addition, safety records are impacted by the number and amount of workplace incidents involving a contractor’s employees. If our safety record is not within the levels required by our customers, or compares unfavorably to our competitors, we could lose business, be prevented from working at
certain facilities or suffer other adverse consequences, all of which could negatively impact our business, revenues, reputation and profitability.
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We may face risks regarding our information technology and security.
Significant disruptions of our computerinformation technology systems or breaches of information security could adversely affect our business. We rely upon information technology systems to operate many parts of our business. We routinely collect, store and communications hardwaretransmit large amounts of sensitive or confidential information, including data from the results of our testing and inspections. We deploy and operate various technical and procedural controls to maintain the confidentiality and integrity of such sensitive or confidential information. Furthermore, as we automate more of our inspection process and procedures, including through the use of Mistras Digital, we become more vulnerable to security breaches and other system disruptions. In addition, we rely on third parties for significant elements of our information technology infrastructure and, as a result, we are managing many independent vendor relationships with third parties who may or could have access to our confidential information. The size and complexity of our information technology and information security systems, and those of our third-party vendors with whom we contract (and the large amounts of confidential information that is located atpresent on them), make such systems potentially vulnerable to service interruptions or to security breaches from inadvertent or intentional actions by our employees or vendors, or from attacks by malicious third parties. Such attacks are of ever-increasing levels of sophistication and expertise, including organized criminal groups, “hacktivists,” and others. Due to the nature of some of these attacks, there is a single facility,risk that they may remain undetected for a period of time. While we have invested in the failureprotection of data and information technology, there can be no assurance that our efforts will prevent service interruptions or security breaches. Any such interruption or breach of our systems could adversely affect our business operations and/or result in the loss of critical or sensitive confidential information, and could result in financial, legal, business and reputational harm to us. We maintain cyber liability insurance; however this insurance may not be sufficient to cover the financial, legal, business or reputational losses that may result from an interruption or breach of our systems. The occurrence or perception of security breaches in connection with our asset protection solutions or our customers’ concerns about internet security or the security of our solutions, whether warranted or not, would likely harm our reputation and business, inhibit market acceptance of our asset protection solutions and cause us to lose customers, any of which would harm our businessfinancial condition and results of operations.
We are subject to privacy and data security/protection laws in the jurisdictions in which we operate and may be exposed to
substantial costs and liabilities associated with such laws and regulations.
The regulatory environment surrounding information security and privacy is increasingly demanding, with frequent imposition
of new and changing requirements. The European Union's General Data Protection Regulation (“GDPR”), which became
effective in May 2018, imposed significant new requirements on how companies process and transfer personal data, as well as
significant fines for non-compliance. In addition to GDPR, many states in the U.S. have enacted, or are considering, data
privacy requirements similar to GDPR, and thus we will need to ensure our procedures comply with these various state laws.
Compliance with changes in privacy and information security laws and standards may result in significant expense due to
increased investment in technology and the development of new operational processes, which could have a material adverse
effect on our financial condition and results of operations. In addition, the payment of potentially significant fines or penalties in the event of a breach of the GDRP or other privacy and information security laws, as well as the negative publicity associated
with such a breach, could damage the Company’s reputation and adversely impact product demand and customer relationships.
If our software or system produces inaccurate information or are incompatible with the systems used by our customers and
make us unable to successfully provide our solutions, it could lead to a loss of revenues and customers.
Our software and systems are complex and, accordingly, may contain undetected errors or failures. Software or system defects
or inaccurate data may cause incorrect recording, reporting or display of information related to our asset protection solutions.
Any such failures, defects and inaccurate data may prevent us from successfully providing our asset protection solutions, which
could result in lost revenues. Software or system defects or inaccurate data may lead to customer dissatisfaction and could cause
our customers to seek to hold us liable for any damages incurred. As a result, we could lose customers, our reputation may be
harmed and our financial condition and results of operations could be materially adversely affected.
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We currently serve a commercial, industrial and governmental customer base that uses a wide variety of constantly changing
hardware, software solutions and operating systems. Our asset protection solutions need to interface with these non-standard
systems in order to gather and assess data. Our business depends on the following factors, among others:
•our ability to integrate our technology with new and existing hardware and software systems;
•our ability to anticipate and support new standards, especially internet-based standards; and
•our ability to integrate additional software modules under development with our existing technology and operational
processes.
If we are unable to adequately address any of these factors, our results of operations and prospects for growth and profitability
would be adversely impacted.
If we are unable to attract and retain a sufficient number of trained certified technicians, engineers and scientists at competitive wages, our operational performance may be harmed and our costs may increase.
We believe that our success depends, in part, upon our ability to attract, develop and retain a sufficient number of trained certified technicians, engineers and scientists at competitive wages. The demand for such employees fluctuates as the demand for NDT and inspection services fluctuate. There is currently a reduced demand for technicians because of a slowdown of spending in the oil and gas industry. However, iffluctuates. When the demand for qualified technicians increases, we will likelyoften experience increased labor costs.costs, which we may not recover in the amounts we can charge our customers. The markets for our products and services require us to use personnel trained and certified in accordance with standards set by domestic or international standard-setting bodies, such as the American Society of Non-Destructive Testing or the American Petroleum Institute. Because of the limited supply of these certified technicians, we expend substantial resources maintaining in-house training and certification programs. If we fail to attract sufficient new personnel or fail to motivate and retain our current personnel, our ability to perform under existing contracts and orders or to pursue new business may be harmed, preventing us from growing our business or causing us to lose customers and revenues, and the costs of performing such contracts and orders may increase, which would likely reduce our margins.
We operate in competitive markets and if we are unable to compete successfully, we could lose market share and revenues and our margins could decline.
We face strong competition from NDT and a variety of niche asset protection providers, both larger and smaller than we are. Some of our competitors have greater financial resources than we do and could focus their substantial financial resources to develop a competing business model or develop products or services that are more attractive to potential customers than what we offer. Some of our competitors are business units of companies substantially larger than us and could attempt to combine asset protection solutions into an integrated offering to customers who already purchase other types of products or services from them. Our competitors may offer asset protection solutions at lower prices than ours in order to attempt to gain market share. Smaller niche competitors with small customer bases could be aggressive in their pricing in order to retain customers. These competitive factors could reduce our market share, revenues and profits.
Some of our workforce is unionized and the terms of employment for these workers are governed by collective bargaining agreements, or CBAs. Under these CBAs, we are required to contribute to the national pension funds for the unions representing these employees, which are multi-employer pension plans. If we experience a significant reductionSignificant reductions in the employees covered by the CBAs, including as acontributions to these pension plans, or events that result of lost business in the Challenged Region,our subsidiaries no longer contributing to these pension plans, can result in a complete or partial withdrawal liability to these multi-employer pension plans could result under ERISA. Depending on the circumstances, this liability couldERISA, which can be significant and adversely impact our earnings and cash flow. The Company recorded a charge of $5.9 million during 2018 and $0.8 million during 2019 for this potential withdrawal liability.
Events such as natural disasters, industrial accidents, epidemics, pandemics, war and acts of terrorism, and adverse weather conditions could disrupt our business or the business of our customers, which could significantly harm our operations, financial results and cash flow.
Our operations and those of our customers are susceptible to the occurrence of catastrophic events outside our control, ranging fromwhich may include events like epidemics, pandemics and other health crises, severe weather conditions, toindustrial accidents, and acts of war and terrorism.terrorism, to name a few. Any such events could cause a serious business disruption that reduces our customers’ need or interest in purchasing our asset protection solutions. In the past, such events have resulted in order cancellations and delays because customer equipment, facilities or operations have been damaged, or are not then operational or available. A large portion of our customer base has operations in the Gulf of Mexico, which is subject to hurricanes and tropical storms.
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In addition, these events could disrupt commodity prices or financial markets or have other negative macroeconomic impacts, such as those being caused by COVID-19 coronavirus, which could harm our business.
If we lose key members of our senior management team upon whom we are dependent, we may be less effective in managing our operations and may have more difficulty achieving our strategic objectives.
Our future success depends to a considerable degree upon the availability, contributions, vision, skills, experience and effort of our senior management team. We have in place various compensation programs, such as an annual cash incentive program, equity incentive program and a severance policy, each designed to incentivize and retain our key senior managers. We have also made changes to our senior management structure so that executive officers other than our founder, Dr. Sotirios Vahaviolos, provide executive leadership for operational, business development and strategy matters. At this time, we do not have any reason to believe that we may lose the services of any of these key persons in the foreseeable future and we believe our compensation programs will help us retain these individuals. We believe we have sufficient depth in our executive management to continue our success if we were to lose the services of an executive. However, an unplanned loss or interruption of the service of numerous key members of our senior management team could harm our business, financial condition and results of operations and could significantly reduce our ability to manage our operations and implement our strategy.
Deteriorations in economic conditions in certain markets or other factors may cause us to recognize impairment charges for our goodwill.
As of December 31, 2017,2019, the carrying amount of our goodwill was approximately $203$282.4 million, of which approximately $38$247.2 million relatesand $35.2 million relate to our Services and International segment. Asegments, respectively. Our Services segment is predominantly concentrated in North America whereas a significant portion of our international operationsInternational segment are concentrated in Europe and Brazil. Significant deterioration in industry or economic conditions in which we operate, disruptions to our business, not effectively integrating acquired businesses, or other factors, may cause impairment charges to goodwill in future periods. During 2017, the Products and Systems segment had contract bids which management assessed as having a reasonable chance of success and were not awarded to the Company. As a result of this missed opportunity, the annual forecasting process was accelerated, resulting in a goodwill impairment test for the Products and Systems reporting unit and a $13.2 million impairment charge during the third quarter of 2017.
The success of our businesses depends, in part, on our ability to develop new asset protection solutions, increase the functionality of our current offerings and meet the needs and demands of our customers.
The market for asset protection solutions is impacted by technological change, uncertain product lifecycles, shifts in customer demands and evolving industry standards and regulations. We may not be able to successfully develop and market new asset protection solutions that comply with present or emerging industry regulations and technology standards. Also, new regulations or technology standards could increase our cost of doing business.
From time to time, our customers have requested greater value and functionality in our solutions. As part of our strategy to enhance our asset protection solutions and grow our business, we continue to make investments in the research and development of new technologies, inspection tools and methodologies. We believe our future success will depend, in part, on our ability to continue to design new, competitive and broader asset protection solutions, enhance our current solutions and provide new, value-added services. Many traditional NDT and inspection services are subject to price competition by our customers. Accordingly, the need to demonstrate our value-added services is becoming more important. Developing new solutions will require continued investment, and we may experience unforeseen technological or operational challenges. In addition, our asset protection software is complex and can be expensive to develop, and new software and software enhancements can require long development and testing periods. If we are unable to develop new asset protection solutions or enhancements that meet market demands on a timely basis, we may experience a loss of customers or otherwise be likely to lose opportunities to earn revenues and to gain customers or access to markets, and our business and results of operations will be adversely affected.
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Even if we develop new solutions, if our customers, or potential customers, do not see the value our solutions have over competing products and services, our operating results could be adversely impacted. In addition, because the asset protection solutions industry is rapidly evolving, we could lose insight into trends that may be emerging, which would further harm our competitive position by making it difficult to predict and respond to customer needs. If the market for our asset protection solutions does not continue to develop, our ability to grow our business would be limited and we might not be able to maintain
profitability. If we cannot convince our customers of the advantages and value of our advanced NDT services, we could lose large contracts or suffer lower profit margin.
The seasonal nature of our business reduces our revenues and profitability in the winter and summer.summer and related cash flows.
Our business primarily in our Services segment, is seasonal. The fall and spring revenues for our Services segment are typically higher than our revenues in the winter and summer because demand for our asset protection solutions from the oil and gas as well as the fossil and nuclear power industries increases during their non-peak production periods. For instance, U.S. refineries’ non-peak periods are generally in the fall, when they are retooling to produce more heating oil for winter, and in the spring, when they are retooling to produce more gasoline for summer. As a result of these trends, we generally have reduced cash flows in the fall and spring, as collections of receivables lag behind revenues, possibly requiring us to borrow under our credit agreement. In addition, most of our operating expenses, such as employee compensation and property rental expense, are relatively fixed over the short term. Moreover, our spending levels are based in part on our expectations regarding future revenues. As a result, if revenues for a particular quarter are below expectations, we may not be able to proportionately reduce operating expenses for that quarter. We expect that the impact of seasonality will continue.
Our business, and the industries we currently serve, are currently subject to governmental regulation, and may become subject to modified or new government regulation that may negatively impact our ability to market our asset protection solutions.
We incur substantial costs in complying with various government regulations and licensing requirements. For example, the transportation and overnight storage of radioactive materials used in providing certain of our asset protection solutions such as radiography are subject to regulation under federal and state laws and licensing requirements. Our Services segment is currently licensed to handle radioactive materials by the U.S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission (NRC), over 20 state regulatory agencies and the Canadian Nuclear Safety Commission. If we allegedly fail to comply with these regulations, we may be investigated and incur significant legal expenses associated with such investigations, and if we are found to have violated these regulations, we may be fined or lose one or more of our licenses or permits, which would prevent or restrict our ability to provide radiography services. In addition, while we are investigated, we may be required to suspend work on the projects associated with our alleged noncompliance, resulting in loss of profits or customers, and damage to our reputation. Many of our customers have strict requirements concerning safety or loss time occurrences and if we are unable to meet these requirements it could result in lost revenues. In the future, governmental agencies may seek to change current regulations or impose additional regulations on our business. Any modified or new government regulation applicable to our current or future asset protection solutions may negatively impact the marketing and provision of those solutions and increase our costs of providing these solutions and have a corresponding adverse effect on our margins.
Additionally, greenhouse gases that result from human activities, including burning of fossil fuels, have been the focus of increased scientific and political scrutiny and are being subjected to various legal requirements. International agreements, national laws, state laws and various regulatory schemes limit or otherwise regulate emissions of greenhouse gases, and additional restrictions are under consideration by different governmental entities. We derive a significant amount of revenues and profits from such industries, including oil and gas, power generation and transmission, and chemicals processing. Such regulations could negatively impact our customers, which could negatively impact the market for the services and products we provide. This could materially adversely affect our business, financial condition, results of operations and cash flows.
We rely on certification of our NDT solutions by industry standards-setting bodies. We and/or our subsidiaries currently have International Organization for Standardization (ISO) 9001:2008 certification, ISO 14001:2004 certification and OHSAS 18001:2007 certification. In addition, we currently have NADCAP (formerly National Aerospace and Defense Contractors Accreditation Program) and similar certifications for certain of our locations. We continually review our NDT solutions for compliance with the requirements of industry specification standards and the NADCAP special processes quality requirements. However, if we fail to maintain our ISO, Nadcap or other certifications, our business may be harmed because our customers generally require that we have these certifications before they purchase our NDT solutions.
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Intellectual property may impact our business and results of operations.
Our ability to compete effectively depends in part upon the maintenance and protection of the intellectual property related to our asset protection solutions. Patent protection is unavailable for certain aspects of the technology and operational processes important to our business and any patent or patent applications, trademarks or copyrights held by us or to be issued to us, may not adequately protect us. Some of our trademarks that are not in use may become available to others. To date, we have relied principally on copyright, trademark and trade secrecy laws, as well as confidentiality agreements and licensing arrangements, to establish and protect our intellectual property. However, we have not obtained confidentiality agreements from all of our customers and vendors. Although we obligate our employees to confidentiality, we cannot be certain that these obligations will be honored or enforceable.
We may require additional capital to support business growth, which might not be available.
We intend to continue making investments to support our business growth and may require additional funds to respond to business challenges or opportunities, including the need to develop new, or enhance our current, asset protection solutions, enhance our operating infrastructure or acquire businesses and technologies. Accordingly, we may need to engage in equity or debt financings to secure additional funds. If we raise additional funds through further issuances of equity or convertible debt securities, our current stockholders could suffer significant dilution, and any new equity securities we issue could have rights, preferences and privileges superior to those of holders of our common stock. WhileOur current credit facility meets our current bank financing is meetingneeds, except that due to our current need, anydebt levels, the facility limits our ability to make acquisitions until our debt ratio improve. If we were to secure other debt financing secured by us in the future, it could involve restrictive covenants relating to our capital-raising activities and other financial and operational matters, which may make it more difficult for us to obtain additional capital and to pursue business opportunities, including potential acquisitions. In addition, no assurance can be given that adequate or acceptable financing will be available to us, in which case we may not be able to grow our business, including through acquisitions, or respond to business challenges.
Our credit agreement contains financial and operating restrictions that may limit our access to credit. If we fail to comply with financial or other covenants in our credit agreement, we may be required to repay indebtedness to our existing lenders, which may harm our liquidity.
Our credit agreement contains financial covenants that require us to maintain compliance with specified financial ratios. If we fail to comply with these covenants, the lenders could prevent us from borrowing under our credit agreement, require us to pay all amounts outstanding, require that we cash collateralize letters of credit issued under the credit agreement and restrict us from making acquisitions. If the maturity of our indebtedness is accelerated, we then may not have sufficient funds available for repayment or the ability to borrow or obtain sufficient funds to replace the accelerated indebtedness on terms acceptable to us, or at all.
Our current credit agreement also imposes restrictions on our ability to engage in certain activities, such as creating liens, making certain investments, incurring more debt, disposing of certain property, paying dividends and making distributions and entering into a new line of business. While these restrictions have not impeded our business operations to date, if our plans change, these restrictions could be burdensome or require that we pay fees to have the restrictions waived.
Risks Related to Our Common Stock
Our stock price could fluctuate for numerous reasons, including variations in our results.
Our quarterly operating results have fluctuated in the past and may do so in the future. Accordingly, we believe that period-to-period comparisons of our results of operations may be the best indicators of our business. You should not rely upon the results of one quarter as an indication of future performance. Our revenues and operating results may fall below the expectations of securities analysts or investors in any future period. Our failure to meet these expectations may cause the market price of our common stock to decline, perhaps substantially. Our quarterly revenues and operating results may vary depending on a number of factors, including those listed previously under “Risks Related to Our Business.” In addition, the price of our common stock is subject to general economic, market, industry, and competitive conditions, the risk factors discussed below and numerous other conditions outside of our control.
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A significant stockholder controls the direction of our business. The concentrated ownership of our common stock may prevent other stockholders from influencing significant corporate decisions.
Dr. Sotirios J. Vahaviolos, our founder and Executive Chairman, owns approximately 37%36% of our outstanding common stock. As a result, Dr. Vahaviolos exhibitshas significant control over our Company and has the ability to exert substantial influence over all matters requiring approval by our shareholders, including the election and removal of directors, amendments to our certificate of incorporation, and any proposed merger, consolidation or sale of all or substantially all of our assets and other corporate transactions. This concentration of ownership could be disadvantageous to other shareholders with differing interests from Dr. Vahaviolos.
We currently have no plans to pay dividends on our common stock.
We have not declared or paid any cash dividends on our common stock to date, and we do not anticipate declaring or paying any dividends on our common stock in the foreseeable future. To the extent we do not pay dividends on our common stock, investors must look solely to stock appreciation for a return on their investment.
Shares eligible for future sale may cause the market price for our common stock to decline even if our business is doing well.
Future sales by us or by our existing shareholders of substantial amounts of our common stock in the public market, or the perception that these sales may occur, could cause the market price of our common stock to decline. This could also impair our ability to raise additional capital in the future through the sale of our equity securities. Under our certificate of incorporation, we are authorized to issue up to 200,000,000 shares of common stock, of which approximately 28,302,00029,035 thousand shares of common stock were outstanding as of March 5, 2018.23, 2020. In addition, we have approximately 3,093,000824 thousand shares of common stock reserved for issuance related to stock options and restricted stock units that were outstanding as of March 5, 2018.23, 2020. We cannot predict the size of future issuances of our common stock or the effect, if any, that future sales and issuances of shares of our common stock, or the perception of such sales or issuances, would have on the market price of our common stock.
Provisions of our charter, bylaws and of Delaware law could discourage, delay or prevent a change of control of our company, which may adversely affect the market price of our common stock.
Certain provisions of our certificate of incorporation and bylaws could discourage, delay or prevent a merger, acquisition, or other change of control that stockholders may consider favorable, including transactions in which our stockholders might otherwise receive a premium for their shares. These provisions also could limit the price that investors might be willing to pay in the future for shares of our common stock, thereby depressing the market price of our common stock. Stockholders who wish to participate in these transactions may not have the opportunity to do so. Furthermore, these provisions could prevent or frustrate attempts by our stockholders to replace or remove our management. These provisions:
•allow the authorized number of directors to be changed only by resolution of our board of directors;
•require that vacancies on the board of directors, including newly created directorships, be filled only by a majority vote of directors then in office;
•authorize our board of directors to issue, without stockholder approval, preferred stock that, if issued, could operate as a “poison pill” to dilute the stock ownership of a potential hostile acquirer to prevent an acquisition that is not approved by our board of directors;
•require that stockholder actions must be effected at a duly called stockholder meeting by prohibiting stockholder action by written consent;
•prohibit cumulative voting in the election of directors, which may otherwise allow holders of less than a majority of stock to elect some directors; and
•establish advance notice requirements for stockholder nominations to our board of directors or for stockholder proposals that can be acted on at stockholder meetings and limit the right to call special meetings of stockholders to the Chairman of the Board, the Chief Executive Officer, the board of directors acting pursuant to a resolution adopted by a majority of directors or the Secretary upon the written request of stockholders entitled to cast not less than 35% of all the votes entitled to be cast at such meeting.
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In addition, because we are incorporated in Delaware, we are governed by the provisions of Section 203 of the Delaware General Corporation Law, which may, unless certain criteria are met, prohibit large stockholders, in particular those owning 15% or more of our outstanding voting stock, from merging or combining with us for a prescribed period of time.
ITEM 1B.UNRESOLVED STAFF COMMENTS
None.
ITEM 2.PROPERTIES
As of December 31, 2017,2019, we operated approximately 120 officesfacilities in 1410 countries, with our corporate headquarters located in Princeton Junction, New Jersey. Our headquarters in Princeton Junction is our primary location, where most of our manufacturing and research and development is conducted. While we lease most of our facilities, as of December 31, 2017,2019, we owned properties located in Monroe, North Carolina; Trainer, Pennsylvania; LaPorte, Texas; Burlington, Washington; Gillette,Evanston, Wyoming Ellabell, Georgia; and Jonquiere, Quebec. Our Services segment utilizes approximately 80 officesfacilities throughout North America (including Canada). Our Products and Systems segment’s primary location is in our Princeton Junction, NJ facility. Our International segment has approximately 40 officesfacilities including locations in Belgium, Brazil, France, Germany, Greece, India, the Netherlands and the United Kingdom. We believe that all of our facilities are well maintained and are suitable and adequate for our current needs.the foreseeable future.
ITEM 3.LEGAL PROCEEDINGS
We are subject to periodic legal proceedings, investigations and claims that arise in the ordinary course of business. See “Litigation” in Note 18 — 18–Commitments and Contingencies to our auditedthe consolidated financial statements contained in Item 8 of this Annual Report for a description of legal proceedings involving us and our business, which is incorporated herein by reference.
ITEM 4.MINE SAFETY DISCLOSURES
None.
ITEM 5.MARKET FOR REGISTRANT’S COMMON EQUITY, RELATED STOCKHOLDER MATTERS AND ISSUER PURCHASE OF EQUITY SECURITIES
Market for Common Stock
Our common stock currently trades on the New York Stock Exchange (NYSE) under the ticker symbol “MG.” The following table sets forth for the periods indicated the range of high and low sales prices, based on closing stock price, of our common stock.
| Year ended December 31, 2017 | |||||||
| High | Low | ||||||
| Quarter ended March 31, 2017 | $ | 26.33 | $ | 20.00 | |||
| Quarter ended June 30, 2017 | $ | 22.78 | $ | 20.54 | |||
| Quarter ended September 30, 2017 | $ | 22.51 | $ | 17.12 | |||
| Quarter ended December 31, 2017 | $ | 23.47 | $ | 20.38 | |||
| Transition period ended December 31, 2016 | |||||||
| Transition period: | High | Low | |||||
Quarter ended June 30, 2016 (1) | $ | 25.32 | $ | 23.01 | |||
| Quarter ended September 30, 2016 | $ | 25.86 | $ | 22.81 | |||
| Quarter ended December 31, 2016 | $ | 26.07 | $ | 20.04 | |||
| Year ended May 31, 2016 | Year ended May 31, 2015 | |||||||||||||||
| High | Low | High | Low | |||||||||||||
| Quarter ended August 31, | $ | 20.14 | $ | 13.88 | $ | 25.04 | $ | 20.70 | ||||||||
| Quarter ended November 30, | $ | 21.53 | $ | 12.79 | $ | 21.55 | $ | 15.98 | ||||||||
| Quarter ended February 28, | $ | 22.59 | $ | 18.42 | $ | 21.50 | $ | 15.87 | ||||||||
| Quarter ended May 31, | $ | 26.00 | $ | 22.02 | $ | 19.34 | $ | 17.50 | ||||||||
Holders of Record
As of March 5, 2018,23, 2020, there were 87 holders of record of our Common Stock. The number of record holders was determined from the records of our transfer agent and does not include beneficial owners of common stock whose shares are held in the names of various security brokers, dealers, and registered clearing agencies. The transfer agent of our common stock is American Stock Transfer & Trust Company, 6201 15th Avenue, Brooklyn, New York 11219.
Dividends
No cash dividends have been paid on our Common Stock to date. We currently intend to retain our future earnings, if any, to finance the expansion of our business and do not expect to pay any cash dividends in the foreseeable future.
Purchases of Equity Securities
The following sets forth theCompany's Board of Directors approved a $50 million stock repurchase plan in 2015. The Company retired all its repurchased shares of our common stock we acquired during the fourth quarter of 2017 pursuant to the surrender of shares by employees to satisfy minimum tax withholding obligations in connection with the vesting of restricted stock units.
| Month Ending | Total Number of Shares (or Units) Purchased | Average Price Paid per Share (or Unit) | Total Number of Shares Purchased as Part of Publicly Announced Plans or Programs (1) | Approximate dollar Value of Shares that May Yet Be Purchased Under the Plans or Programs (2) | |||||||||
| October 31, 2017 | 1,233 | $ | 20.69 | — | $ | 25,081,657 | |||||||
| November 30, 2017 | 2,741 | $ | 21.33 | — | $ | 25,081,657 | |||||||
| December 31, 2017 | 2,918 | $ | 23.47 | — | $ | 25,081,657 | |||||||
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ITEM 6.SELECTED FINANCIAL DATA
The following table presents selected financial data for the yearyears ended December 31, 2019, 2018 and 2017, the transition period ended December 31, 2016 as well as each of(see footnote 4 below) and the last four fiscal years.years ended May 31, 2016 and 2015. This selected financial data should be read in conjunction with “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations” in Item 7 and the audited consolidated financial statements and the notes thereto in Item 8 in this Annual Report.
| For the year ended | For the Transition period ended | For the year ended May 31, | For the year ended December 31, | For the Transition period ended | For the year ended May 31, | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| December 31, 2017 (1) | December 31, 2016 (2) | 2016 (3) | 2015 (3) | 2014 (3) | 2013 (4) | 2019 (1) | 2018 (2) | 2017 (3) | December 31, 2016 (4) | 2016 (5) | 2015 (5) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| ($ in thousands, except per share data) | ($ in thousands, except per share data) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Statement of Income Data: | Statement of Income Data: | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Revenues | $ | 700,970 | $ | 404,161 | $ | 719,181 | $ | 711,252 | $ | 623,447 | $ | 529,282 | Revenues | $ | 748,586 | $ | 742,354 | $ | 700,970 | $ | 404,161 | $ | 719,181 | $ | 711,252 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Gross profit | 187,712 | 117,004 | 203,008 | 184,733 | 172,943 | 148,371 | Gross profit | 217,297 | 207,874 | 187,712 | 117,004 | 203,008 | 184,733 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Income from operations | 4,160 | 17,533 | 43,177 | 30,353 | 38,295 | 27,554 | Income from operations | 24,137 | 22,221 | 4,160 | 17,533 | 43,177 | 30,353 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Net (loss) income attributable to Mistras Group, Inc. | $ | (2,175 | ) | $ | 9,568 | $ | 24,654 | $ | 16,081 | $ | 22,518 | $ | 11,646 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Net income (loss) attributable to Mistras Group, Inc. | Net income (loss) attributable to Mistras Group, Inc. | $ | 6,060 | $ | 6,836 | $ | (2,175) | $ | 9,568 | $ | 24,654 | $ | 16,081 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Per Share Information: | Per Share Information: | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Weighted average common shares outstanding: | Weighted average common shares outstanding: | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Basic | 28,422 | 28,989 | 28,856 | 28,613 | 28,365 | 28,141 | Basic | 28,740 | 28,406 | 28,422 | 28,989 | 28,856 | 28,613 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Diluted | 28,422 | 30,125 | 29,891 | 29,590 | 29,324 | 29,106 | Diluted | 29,046 | 29,427 | 28,422 | 30,125 | 29,891 | 29,590 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| (Loss) earnings per common share: | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Earnings (loss) per common share: | Earnings (loss) per common share: | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Basic | $ | (0.08 | ) | $ | 0.33 | $ | 0.85 | $ | 0.56 | $ | 0.79 | $ | 0.41 | Basic | $ | 0.21 | $ | 0.24 | $ | (0.08) | $ | 0.33 | $ | 0.85 | $ | 0.56 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Diluted | $ | (0.08 | ) | $ | 0.32 | $ | 0.82 | $ | 0.54 | $ | 0.77 | $ | 0.40 | Diluted | $ | 0.21 | $ | 0.23 | $ | (0.08) | $ | 0.32 | $ | 0.82 | $ | 0.54 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Balance Sheet Data: | Balance Sheet Data: | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Cash and cash equivalents | $ | 27,541 | $ | 19,154 | $ | 21,188 | $ | 10,555 | $ | 10,020 | $ | 7,802 | Cash and cash equivalents | $ | 15,016 | $ | 25,544 | $ | 27,541 | $ | 19,154 | $ | 21,188 | $ | 10,555 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Total assets | 554,441 | 469,427 | 482,675 | 471,727 | 443,972 | 377,997 | Total assets | 719,878 | 694,037 | 554,441 | 469,427 | 482,675 | 471,727 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Total long-term debt and obligations under capital leases, including current portion | 181,491 | 103,466 | 104,776 | 132,822 | 97,563 | 77,956 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Total long-term debt and obligations under finance leases, including current portion | Total long-term debt and obligations under finance leases, including current portion | 271,887 | 303,617 | 181,491 | 103,466 | 104,776 | 132,822 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Total Mistras Group, Inc. stockholders’ equity | $ | 270,619 | $ | 270,582 | $ | 276,163 | $ | 244,819 | $ | 242,104 | $ | 210,053 | Total Mistras Group, Inc. stockholders’ equity | $ | 285,822 | $ | 270,897 | $ | 270,619 | $ | 270,582 | $ | 276,163 | $ | 244,819 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Cash Flow Data: | Cash Flow Data: | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Net cash provided by operating activities | $ | 55,239 | $ | 30,259 | $ | 68,124 | $ | 49,840 | $ | 36,873 | $ | 43,503 | Net cash provided by operating activities | $ | 59,110 | $ | 41,664 | $ | 55,799 | $ | 30,259 | $ | 68,124 | $ | 49,840 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Net cash used in investing activities | (102,797 | ) | (17,374 | ) | (16,752 | ) | (49,651 | ) | (38,005 | ) | (45,479 | ) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Net cash (used in) investing activities | Net cash (used in) investing activities | (25,280) | (155,450) | (102,797) | (17,374) | (16,752) | (49,651) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Net cash (used in) provided by financing activities | 53,605 | (12,869 | ) | (40,378 | ) | 2,066 | 3,262 | 1,144 | Net cash (used in) provided by financing activities | $ | (44,137) | $ | 113,969 | $ | 53,045 | $ | (12,869) | $ | (40,378) | $ | 2,066 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
2 - Includes pre-tax charges of $9.4 million relating to special items. See the Income from Operations table in Item 7 for a description of these items. The impact of these items, net of taxes, on net income and diluted earnings per share was $9.3 million and $0.32, respectively, including a $1.7 million tax charge related to the Tax Act.
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3 - Includes pre-tax charges of $21.0 million relating to special items. The impact of these items, net of taxes, on net income and diluted earnings per share was $14.9 million and $0.51, respectively, including a $2.0 million tax charge related to the Tax Act.
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ITEM 7.MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATION
The following Management’s Discussion and Analysis (“MD&A”) provides a narrativediscussion of our results of operations and financial position for the year ended December 31, 20172019. A discussion of our results of operations and financial position for the comparable periodyear ended December 31, 2016,2018 is included in Part II–Item 7, Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations of our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the transition periodfiscal year ended December 31, 2016 and2018 filed with the comparable period ended December 31, 2015 (whichSEC on March 18, 2019, which discussion is referred to as "transition period 2015") and the fiscal years ended May 31, 2016 and 2015, respectively, and our financial position as of December 31, 2017 and December 31, 2016, respectively.incorporated herein by reference. The MD&A should be read together with our consolidated financial statements and related notes included in Item 8 in this Annual Report on Form 10-K. Unless otherwise specified or the context otherwise requires, “Mistras,” “the Company,” “we,” “us” and “our” refer to Mistras Group, Inc. and its consolidated subsidiaries. The MD&A includes the following sections:
•Forward-Looking Statements
•Overview
•Note about Non-GAAP Measures
•Consolidated Results of Operations
•Liquidity and Capital Resources
•Critical Accounting Estimates
•Recent Accounting Pronouncements
Forward-Looking Statements
This annual reportAnnual Report on Form 10-K contains forward-looking statements within the meaning of Section 27A of the Securities Act of 1933 (Securities Act), and Section 21E of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 (Exchange Act). Such forward-looking statements include those that express plans, anticipation, intent, contingency, goals, targets or future development and/or otherwise are not statements of historical fact. See “Forward-Looking Statements” at the beginning of Item 1 of this Annual Report.
At the time of this report, the COVID-19 coronavirus is having a negative impact on our key markets and is causing significant economic disruption worldwide. Our discussion below is qualified by the unknown impact that the COVID-19 coronavirus could have on our business and the economy in general, including the duration of the health risk the virus will cause and resulting economic disruption.
Overview
We offer our customers “one source“OneSource for asset protection solutions”®Asset Protection Solutions®" and are a leading global provider of technology-enabled asset protection solutions used to evaluate the structural integrity and reliability of critical energy, commercial aerospace and defense, industrial and public infrastructure. We combine industry-leading products and technologies, expertise in mechanical integrity (MI), Non-Destructive Testing (NDT), Destructive Testing (DT), mechanical and predictive maintenance (PdM) services, process and fixed asset engineering and consulting services, proprietary data analysis and our world class enterprise inspection database management and analysis software, PCMS, to deliver a comprehensive portfolio of customized solutions, ranging from routine inspections to complex, plant-wide asset integrity management and assessments. These mission critical solutions enhance our customers’ ability to comply with governmental safety and environmental regulations, extend the useful life of their assets, increase productivity, minimize repair costs, manage risk and avoid catastrophic disasters. Our comprehensive “OneSource” portfolio of customized solutions, utilizing a proven systematic method that creates a closed-loop lifecycle for addressing continuous asset protection and improvement, helps us to deliver value to our customers.
Our operations consist of three reportable segments: Services, International, and Products and Systems.
•Services provides asset protection solutions predominantly in North America, with the largest concentration in the United States, followed by Canada, consisting primarily of NDT, inspection, mechanical and engineering services that are used to evaluate the structural integrity and reliability of critical energy, industrial and public infrastructure.
•International offers services, products and systems similar to those of the other segments to select markets within Europe, the Middle East, Africa, Asia and South America, but not to customers in China and South Korea, which are served by the Products and Systems segment.
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•Products and Systems designs, manufactures, sells, installs and services the Company’s asset protection products and systems, including equipment and instrumentation, predominantly in the United States.
Given the role our solutions play in ensuringenhancing the safe and efficient operation of infrastructure, we have historically provided a
majority of our servicessolutions to our customers on a regular, recurring basis. We serveperform these services largely at our customers’ facilities, while primarily servicing our aerospace customers at our growing network of state-of-the-art, in-house laboratories. These solutions typically include NDT and inspection services, and can also include a global customer basewide range of mechanical services, including engineering assessments, heat tracing, pre-inspection insulation stripping, inspections, coating applications, reinsulation, and long-term condition-monitoring. Under this business model, many customers outsource their inspection to us on a “run and maintain” basis. We have established long-term relationships as a critical solutions provider to many of the leading companies with asset-intensive infrastructure including companies in theour target markets. These markets include oil and gas (downstream, midstream, upstream and petrochemical), commercial aerospace and defense, power generation (natural gas, fossil, nuclear, alternative, renewable, and transmission and distribution), public infrastructure, chemicals, transportation, primary metals and metalworking pharmaceutical/biotechnology and food processing industries and research and engineering institutions. As of December 31, 2017, we had approximately
reach and leverage our fixed costs. We have increased our capabilities and the size of our customer base through the development of applied technologies and managed support services, organic growth and the integration of acquired companies. These acquisitions have provided us with additional service lines, technologies, resources and customers that we believe will enhance our advantages over our competition.
The acquisition of Onstream, completed in December 2018, helps support many of our Corporate initiatives. Onstream's strong presence in inline inspection provides us with a strong foundation within the midstream oil and gas market, which is an important piece of our overall growth strategy. We have already generated new business opportunities through introduction of our inline inspection capabilities to existing midstream customers. The acquisition of Onstream also provides us with an additional digital solution, Streamview™ software, which is an innovative application of advanced digital technology.
We believe long-term growth can be realized in all of our target markets. We expect the timing of our oil and gas customers inspection spend to be impacted by oil price fluctuations. Demand for our services in the aerospace industry are strong and we continue to focus on expanding our capabilities to service this market. In addition, we have increased our capabilities and the size of our customer base through the development of applied technologies and managed support services, organic growth and the integration of acquired companies. Recent acquisitions have provided us with additional products, technologies, resources and customers that we believe will enhance our advantages over our competition.
Note about Non-GAAP Measures
In this MD&A under the heading "Income from Operations", the non-GAAP financial performance measure "Income (loss) before special items" is used for each of our three segments, the Corporate segment and the Total Company, with tables reconciling the measure to a financial measure under GAAP. This non-GAAP measure excludes from the GAAP measure "Income (loss) from Operations" (a) transaction expenses related to acquisitions, such as professional fees and due diligence costs, (b) the net changes in the fair value of acquisition-related contingent consideration liabilities, (c) impairment charges, (d) reorganization and (d)other costs, which includes items such as severance, labor relations matters and asset and lease termination costs and (e) other special items. These special itemsadjustments have been excluded from the GAAP measure because these expenses and credits are not related to the Company’s or Segment’s core business operations. The acquisition related costs and special items can be a net expense or credit in any given period.
We believe investors and other users of our financial statements benefit from the presentation of "Income (loss) before special items” for each of our three segments, the Corporate segment and the Total Company in evaluating our performance. Income (loss) before special items excludes the identified special items,adjustments, which provides additional tools to compare our core business operating performance on a consistent basis and measure underlying trends and results in our business. Income (loss) before special items is not used to determine incentive compensation for executives or employees, nor is it a replacement for GAAP and/or necessarily comparable to other companiescompanies' non-GAAP financial measures.
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Consolidated Results of Operations
Year ended December 31, 20172019 vs. Year ended December 31, 20162018
The following table summarizes our consolidated statements of operations for the years ended December 31, 20172019 and 2016:2018:
| For the year ended December 31, | |||||||||||||||||
| 2019 | 2018 | ||||||||||||||||
| ($ in thousands) | |||||||||||||||||
| Revenues | $ | 748,586 | $ | 742,354 | |||||||||||||
| Gross profit | 217,297 | 207,874 | |||||||||||||||
| Gross profit as a % of Revenue | 29.0 | % | 28.0 | % | |||||||||||||
| Total operating expenses | 193,160 | 185,653 | |||||||||||||||
| Operating expenses as a % of Revenue | 25.8 | % | 25.0 | % | |||||||||||||
| Income from operations | 24,137 | 22,221 | |||||||||||||||
| Income from operations as a % of Revenue | 3.2 | % | 3.0 | % | |||||||||||||
| Interest expense | 13,698 | 7,950 | |||||||||||||||
| Income before provision for income taxes | 10,439 | 14,271 | |||||||||||||||
| Provision for income taxes | 4,359 | 7,426 | |||||||||||||||
| Net income | 6,080 | 6,845 | |||||||||||||||
| Less: net income attributable to noncontrolling interests, net of taxes | 20 | 9 | |||||||||||||||
| Net income attributable to Mistras Group, Inc. | $ | 6,060 | $ | 6,836 | |||||||||||||
| For the year ended December 31, | ||||||||
| 2017 | 2016 (unaudited) | |||||||
| ($ in thousands) | ||||||||
| Revenues | $ | 700,970 | $ | 684,762 | ||||
| Gross profit | 187,712 | 194,134 | ||||||
| Gross profit as a % of Revenue | 27 | % | 28 | % | ||||
| Total operating expenses | 183,552 | 168,588 | ||||||
| Operating expenses as a % of Revenue | 26 | % | 25 | % | ||||
| Income from operations | 4,160 | 25,546 | ||||||
| Income from operations as a % of Revenue | 1 | % | 4 | % | ||||
| Interest expense | 4,386 | 3,075 | ||||||
| (Loss) income before provision for income taxes | (226 | ) | 22,471 | |||||
| Provision for income taxes | 1,942 | 8,008 | ||||||
| Net (loss) income | (2,168 | ) | 14,463 | |||||
| Less: net income attributable to noncontrolling interests, net of taxes | 7 | 54 | ||||||
| Net (loss) income attributable to Mistras Group, Inc. | $ | (2,175 | ) | $ | 14,409 | |||
Revenues
Revenues by segment for the years ended December 31, 20172019 and 20162018 were as follows:
| For the year ended December 31, | |||||||||||||||||
| 2019 | 2018 | ||||||||||||||||
| ($ in thousands) | |||||||||||||||||
| Revenues | |||||||||||||||||
| Services | $ | 595,130 | $ | 574,619 | |||||||||||||
| International | 144,271 | 153,448 | |||||||||||||||
| Products and Systems | 18,583 | 23,426 | |||||||||||||||
| Corporate and eliminations | (9,398) | (9,139) | |||||||||||||||
| $ | 748,586 | $ | 742,354 | ||||||||||||||
| For the year ended December 31, | ||||||||
| 2017 | 2016 (unaudited) | |||||||
| ($ in thousands) | ||||||||
| Revenues | ||||||||
| Services | $ | 543,565 | $ | 519,378 | ||||
| International | 144,265 | 148,761 | ||||||
| Products and Systems | 23,297 | 26,049 | ||||||
| Corporate and eliminations | (10,157 | ) | (9,426 | ) | ||||
| $ | 700,970 | $ | 684,762 | |||||
Revenue was $701.0$748.6 million for the year ended December 31, 2017,2019, an increase of $16.2$6.2 million, or 2%0.8%, compared with the year ended December 31, 2016.2018. The increase was driven by the Services segment, which increased by $24.2$20.5 million, or 5%3.6%, driven by mid-single-digit acquisition growth primarily relating to the acquisition of Onstream in the fourth quarter of 2018, partially offset by a decrease of $4.5 million, or 3% from the International segmentlow single-digit organic decline and the Products and Systems segment, which decreased $2.8 million, or 11%. The Services segment increase was driven by mid-single digit acquisition growth.unfavorable impact of foreign exchange rates. The International segment decrease wasrevenues decreased 6.0%, driven primarily by a mid-single digit organic decline, offset by low single digit favorablethe unfavorable impact of foreign exchange rates. The Products and Systems segment decrease wasdecreased 20.7%, driven by lower sales volume.volume and by the sale of a subsidiary during the third quarter of 2018.
Revenues from oil and gas customers comprised 58% for the year ended December 31, 2017, compared to 57% for the year ended December 31, 2016. Revenues from aerospace customers comprised 13%and 56% for the years ended December 31, 20172019 and 2016.2018, respectively. Revenues from aerospace and defense customers comprised 13% and 15% for the years ended December 31, 2019 and 2018, respectively. This decrease in aerospace and defense customer revenues is attributed to the run-off of the German staff leasing contracts in the International segment, as more fully described in Note 18–Commitments and Contingencies to the consolidated financial statements, and the increase in volume in the oil and gas market is due to the Onstream acquisition completed in the fourth quarter of 2018.
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Gross Profit
Gross profit by segment for the years ended December 31, 20172019 and December 31, 20162018 was as follows:
| For the year ended December 31, | |||||||||||||||||
| 2019 | 2018 | ||||||||||||||||
| ($ in thousands) | |||||||||||||||||
| Gross profit | |||||||||||||||||
| Services | $ | 165,513 | $ | 151,974 | |||||||||||||
| % of segment revenue | 27.8 | % | 26.4 | % | |||||||||||||
| International | 43,145 | 45,464 | |||||||||||||||
| % of segment revenue | 29.9 | % | 29.6 | % | |||||||||||||
| Products and Systems | 8,639 | 10,560 | |||||||||||||||
| % of segment revenue | 46.5 | % | 45.1 | % | |||||||||||||
| Corporate and eliminations | — | (124) | |||||||||||||||
| $ | 217,297 | $ | 207,874 | ||||||||||||||
| % of total revenue | 29.0 | % | 28.0 | % | |||||||||||||
| For the year ended December 31, | ||||||||
| 2017 | 2016 (unaudited) | |||||||
| ($ in thousands) | ||||||||
| Gross profit | ||||||||
| Services | $ | 139,160 | $ | 133,532 | ||||
| % of segment revenue | 25.6 | % | 25.7 | % | ||||
| International | 38,974 | 48,372 | ||||||
| % of segment revenue | 27.0 | % | 32.5 | % | ||||
| Products and Systems | 9,798 | 11,956 | ||||||
| % of segment revenue | 42.1 | % | 45.9 | % | ||||
| Corporate and eliminations | (220 | ) | 274 | |||||
| $ | 187,712 | $ | 194,134 | |||||
| % of total revenue | 26.8 | % | 28.4 | % | ||||
Gross profit decreased $6.4increased $9.4 million, or 3%4.5%, for the year ended December 31, 20172019 compared to the year ended December 31, 2016, despite2018, with a sales increase of 2%0.8%. Gross profit margin was 26.8%29.0% and 28.4%28.0% for the years ended December 31, 20172019 and 2016,2018, respectively. Services segment gross profit margins had a year-on-year increase of 140 basis points to 27.8% for the year ended December 31, 2019, due primarily to favorable operating leverage and service mix. International segment gross margins had a year-on-year declineincrease of 55030 basis points to 27.0%29.9% for the year ended December 31, 2017. This decline was2019, due primarily driven by lower revenues in the Company's German subsidiary, as well as poor margins on a large contract and lower utilization of technical labor in the United Kingdom.to favorable sales mix. Products and Systems segment gross margins declinedimproved by 380140 basis points for the year ended December 31, 20172019 to 42.1%46.5%, driven by lower sales volumes and a less favorable sales mix.
Operating Expenses
Operating expenses for the years ended December 31, 2019 and December 31, 2018 was as follows:
| For the year ended December 31, | |||||||||||||||||
| 2019 | 2018 | ||||||||||||||||
| ($ in thousands) | |||||||||||||||||
| Operating Expenses | |||||||||||||||||
| Selling, general and administrative expenses | $ | 168,621 | $ | 165,702 | |||||||||||||
| Bad debt provision for troubled customers, net of recoveries | 3,038 | 650 | |||||||||||||||
| Pension withdrawal expense | 848 | 5,886 | |||||||||||||||
| Gain on sale of subsidiary | — | (2,384) | |||||||||||||||
| Research and engineering | 3,045 | 3,310 | |||||||||||||||
| Depreciation and amortization | 16,733 | 11,957 | |||||||||||||||
| Acquisition-related expense, net | 875 | 532 | |||||||||||||||
| $ | 193,160 | $ | 185,653 | ||||||||||||||
| % of total revenue | 25.8 | % | 25.0 | % | |||||||||||||
Operating expenses increased $7.5 million, or 4.0%, for the year ended December 31, 2019 compared to the year ended December 31, 2018. Operating expenses, as a percentage of revenue, increased to 25.8% for the year ended December 31, 2019 compared to 25.0% for the year ended December 31, 2018. Operating expenses related to the 2019 and 2018 acquisitions within our Services segment gross profit marginscontributed approximately $13.6 million of additional expenses, inclusive of approximately $5.5 million in depreciation and amortization. Transactional foreign exchange expense was approximately $1.8 million lower in 2019 as compared to 2018, primarily as a result of a stronger Canadian dollar compared to the U.S. dollar during 2019. The Company incurred approximately $1.7 million in additional bad debt expense mainly attributable to customer disputes (see Note 4–Accounts Receivable to the consolidated financial statements). Legal related expenses were consistentapproximately $1.0 million lower in 2019 as compared with 2018, primarily due to the pension withdrawal and legal related matters as discussed in Note 18–
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Commitments and Contingencies to the consolidated financial statements. There were approximately $3.8 million less operating expenses related to special items as presented below.
The workforce of certain of the Company’s subsidiaries are unionized and the terms of employment for these workers are governed by collective bargaining agreements, or CBAs. Under these CBAs, the Company’s subsidiaries are required to contribute to the national pension funds for the unions representing these employees, which are multi-employer pension plans. The Company was notified that a significant project was awarded to another contractor in January 2018, and as a result, one of the Company’s subsidiaries experienced a significant reduction in the number of its employees covered by one of the CBAs. Under certain circumstances, such a reduction in the number of employees participating in multi-employer pension plans pursuant to this CBA could result in a complete or partial withdrawal liability to these multi-employer pension plans under the Employee Retirement Income Security Act of 1974 ("ERISA"). Management explored options to retain a level of union work that would avoid withdrawal liability to the pension plans, but concluded during the third quarter of 2018 that the Company's subsidiaries probably would not obtain sufficient union work to avoid withdrawal liability. Therefore, the Company determined that it is probable that its subsidiary will incur a withdrawal liability related to these multi-employer pension plans. Accordingly, the Company recorded a charge of $5.9 million during 2018 and $0.8 million during 2019 for this potential withdrawal liability. The Company’s subsidiary reached an agreement with one of the pension funds in September 2019 and made a final payment of $0.9 million in complete satisfaction of the withdrawal liability of the subsidiary. Excluding the settlement payment, the Company has made monthly payments totaling $3.3 million through December 31, 2019. The balance of the estimated total amount of this potential liability as of December 31, 2019 is approximately $2.5 million.
The Company’s German subsidiary provides employees to customers under temporary staff leasing arrangements. In April 2017, the German Labor Lease Act was passed in Germany limiting the duration of temporary workers to eighteen months, or longer as subsequently agreed with by a customer appropriate authority. Since the passing of the German Labor Lease Act, the Company explored selling its staff leasing services and concluded during the third quarter of 2018 that a sale would not be probable. As a result, the Company decided that it would not renew several of these leasing services contracts when they expired beginning in 2019. Due to the limit on the length of service allowed under the German Labor Lease Act, employees are being transitioned off the customer contracts. The German subsidiary has terminated, or will terminate, some of these employees, creating a severance obligation to the terminated employees, and has transitioned, or will transition other employees to the Company's other customers. During December 2019, the Company executed an agreement to sell the rights of certain customer contracts for total consideration of approximately $0.1 million, effective January 1, 2020. No other assets or liabilities other than those employee benefits related to employees working on the customer contracts were included in the sale. As of December 31, 2019, the Company accrued approximately $0.8 million for estimated severance payment obligations, which takes into account the Company's estimate with respect to the employees that have been or will be transitioned to the German subsidiaries' other customers. The $0.8 million of estimated obligations is net of $0.2 million in payments and $0.5 million in reversals due to employees being transitioned to customer contracts.
During 2018, the Company recorded approximately $1.2 million in charges related to labor claims against its Brazilian subsidiary, which are included within Selling, general and administrative expenses. These claims related to employees in a company acquired by the Brazilian subsidiary in a prior year.period. The Company believes it is entitled to indemnification from the sellers of the acquired company for most of these charges but has not recorded the expected recovery of indemnification for these labor claims as the amount and timing of collection is uncertain as of December 31, 2019.
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Income from Operations.
The following table shows a reconciliation of segment income (loss) from operations to income (loss) before special items for the years ended December 31, 20172019 and 2016:2018:
| For the year ended December 31, | |||||||||||||||||
| 2019 | 2018 | ||||||||||||||||
| ($ in thousands) | |||||||||||||||||
| Services: | |||||||||||||||||
| Income from operations (GAAP) | $ | 49,593 | $ | 47,126 | |||||||||||||
| Pension withdrawal expense | 848 | 5,886 | |||||||||||||||
| Bad debt provision for troubled customers, net of recoveries | 3,018 | 650 | |||||||||||||||
| Reorganization and other costs | 302 | 458 | |||||||||||||||
| Acquisition-related expense, net | 541 | 576 | |||||||||||||||
| Income before special items (non-GAAP) | $ | 54,302 | $ | 54,696 | |||||||||||||
| International: | |||||||||||||||||
| Income from operations (GAAP) | $ | 5,856 | $ | 3,953 | |||||||||||||
| Reorganization and other costs | 266 | 3,966 | |||||||||||||||
| Acquisition-related (benefit), net | — | (409) | |||||||||||||||
| Bad debt provision for troubled customers, net of recoveries | 20 | — | |||||||||||||||
| Income before special items (non-GAAP) | $ | 6,142 | $ | 7,510 | |||||||||||||
| Products and Systems: | |||||||||||||||||
| Income (loss) from operations (GAAP) | $ | (529) | $ | 2,368 | |||||||||||||
| Gain on sale of subsidiary | — | (2,384) | |||||||||||||||
| Reorganization and other costs | 218 | 29 | |||||||||||||||
| Income (loss) before special items (non-GAAP) | $ | (311) | $ | 13 | |||||||||||||
| Corporate and Eliminations: | |||||||||||||||||
| Loss from operations (GAAP) | $ | (30,783) | $ | (31,226) | |||||||||||||
| Reorganization and other costs | 104 | 305 | |||||||||||||||
| Acquisition-related expense, net | 334 | 365 | |||||||||||||||
| Loss before special items (non-GAAP) | $ | (30,345) | $ | (30,556) | |||||||||||||
| Total Company: | |||||||||||||||||
| Income from operations (GAAP) | $ | 24,137 | $ | 22,221 | |||||||||||||
| Pension withdrawal expense | 848 | 5,886 | |||||||||||||||
| Gain on sale of subsidiary | — | (2,384) | |||||||||||||||
| Bad debt provision for troubled customers, net of recoveries | 3,038 | 650 | |||||||||||||||
| Reorganization and other costs | 890 | 4,758 | |||||||||||||||
| Acquisition-related expense, net | 875 | 532 | |||||||||||||||
| Income before special items (non-GAAP) | $ | 29,788 | $ | 31,663 | |||||||||||||
| For the year ended December 31, | |||||||
| 2017 | 2016 (unaudited) | ||||||
| ($ in thousands) | |||||||
| Services: | |||||||
| Income from operations (GAAP) | $ | 46,677 | $ | 37,788 | |||
| Litigation charges | — | 6,320 | |||||
| Bad debt provision for a customer bankruptcy | 1,200 | — | |||||
| Severance costs | 561 | 77 | |||||
| Asset write-offs and lease terminations | 123 | — | |||||
| Acquisition-related (benefit) expense, net | 392 | (232 | ) | ||||
| Income before special items (non-GAAP) | 48,953 | 43,953 | |||||
| International: | |||||||
| Income from operations (GAAP) | 3,537 | 12,908 | |||||
| Severance costs | 1,055 | 1,184 | |||||
| Asset write-offs and lease terminations | — | 1,042 | |||||
| Acquisition-related (benefit) expense, net | (501 | ) | (42 | ) | |||
| Income before special items (non-GAAP) | 4,091 | 15,092 | |||||
| Products and Systems: | |||||||
| Loss from operations (GAAP) | (16,991 | ) | (180 | ) | |||
| Impairment charges | 15,810 | — | |||||
| Severance costs | 18 | 31 | |||||
| Loss before special items (non-GAAP) | (1,163 | ) | (149 | ) | |||
| Corporate and Eliminations: | |||||||
| Loss from operations (GAAP) | (29,063 | ) | (24,970 | ) | |||
| Litigation charges | 1,600 | — | |||||
| Severance costs | 184 | 133 | |||||
| Acquisition-related expense (benefit), net | 591 | 269 | |||||
| Loss before special items (non-GAAP) | (26,688 | ) | (24,568 | ) | |||
| Total Company: | |||||||
| Income from operations (GAAP) | $ | 4,160 | $ | 25,546 | |||
| Litigation charges | $ | 1,600 | $ | 6,320 | |||
| Impairment charges | $ | 15,810 | $ | — | |||
| Bad debt provision for a customer bankruptcy | $ | 1,200 | $ | — | |||
| Severance costs | $ | 1,818 | $ | 1,425 | |||
| Asset write-offs and lease terminations | $ | 123 | $ | 1,042 | |||
| Acquisition-related (benefit) expense, net | $ | 482 | $ | (5 | ) | ||
| Income before special items (non-GAAP) | $ | 25,193 | $ | 34,328 | |||
Operating expenses, excluding special items (non-GAAP), as a percentage of revenue, was 25.0% for the year ended December 31, 2019 compared to 23.7% for the year ended December 31, 2018. Total Company income from operations (GAAP) decreasedincreased by $21.4$1.9 million, or 84%8.6% compared to the year ended December 31, 2016.2018. Total Company income before special items (non-GAAP) decreased by $9.1$1.9 million or 27%5.9% compared with the year
ended December 31, 2016.2018. Income before
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special items declineddecreased by 14030 basis points to 3.6%4.0% for the year ended December 31, 20172019 from 5.0%4.3% for the year ended December 31, 2016.2018.
Interest Expense
Interest expense was $4.4$13.7 million and $3.1$8.0 million for the years ended December 31, 20172019 and December 31, 2016.2018, respectively. The increase was primarilyis related to increasedhigher average levels of borrowings on the Company's revolving linecredit agreement, which is primarily attributable to the Onstream acquisition completed during the fourth quarter of credit.2018, and to a lesser extent, from an increase in the base borrowing rate.
Income Taxes
Our effective income tax rate was approximately (858)%41.8% for the year ended December 31, 2017,2019, compared to 36%52.0% for the year ended December 31, 2016.2018. The change in effective tax rate was primarily driven by decrease due to a tax reform in the United States. States resulting in a transition tax impact in prior years, a decrease in a Canadian provincial tax rate, partially offset by an increase in nondeductible share-based compensation.
On June 28, 2019, the Canadian province of Alberta enacted the Job Creation Tax Cut which reduced the Alberta corporate income tax rate from 12% to 11% starting in 2019 with further annual reductions to 10% in 2020, 9% in 2021, and 8% in 2022. This rate reduction had a favorable impact of approximately $1.9 million on the Company’s net deferred tax liabilities in this jurisdiction.
The United States enacted the Coronavirus Aid, Relief, and Economic Security Act (CARES Act). The CARES Act is an approximately $2 trillion emergency economic stimulus package in response to the Coronavirus outbreak, which among other things contains numerous income tax provisions. Some of these tax provisions are expected to be effective retroactively for years ending before the date of enactment. The Company is currently evaluating the impact of the CARES Act on its consolidated financial position, results of operations, and cash flows.
On December 22, 2017, the United States enacted fundamental changes to federal tax law following the passage of the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act (the “Tax Act”). The Tax Act is complex and significantly changes the U.S. corporate tax system. Our financial statements forDuring the year ended December 31, 2017 reflect certain2018, the Company completed the accounting for the effects of the Tax Act on the period ended December 31, 2017, which includes a reduction in the corporate tax rate from 35% to 21%, imposition of a tax on unrepatriated foreign earnings (“the transition tax”), and a reduction to deferred tax assets attributable to changes made to executive compensation rules. As a result of the changes to tax laws and tax rates under the Tax Act, we incurred an increaseresulted in income tax expense of $1.9 million during the year ended December 31, 2017, which$1.7 million. This consisted primarily of a $2.3an increase of $0.1 million decrease in our net deferred tax liabilities due to the reduction in the federal corporate tax rate from 35% to 21%, an increase of $3.9$1.3 million in tax expense attributable to the transition tax, and a decrease in the realizability of deferred tax assets of $0.3$0.4 million due to changes made to executive compensation rules pursuant to the Tax Act. compensation.
Income tax expense varies as a function of pre-tax income and the level of non-deductible expenses, such as certain amounts of meals and entertainment expense, valuation allowances, and other permanent differences. It is also affected by discrete items that may occur in any given year, but are not consistent from year to year. Our effective income tax rate may fluctuate over the next few years due to many variables including the amount and future geographic distribution of our pre-tax income, changes resulting from our acquisition strategy, and increases or decreases in our permanent differences, and the effects of the Tax Act.differences.
| For the Transition period ended December 31, | ||||||||
| 2016 | 2015 (unaudited) | |||||||
| ($ in thousands) | ||||||||
| Revenues | $ | 404,161 | $ | 427,913 | ||||
| Gross profit | 117,004 | 123,190 | ||||||
| Gross profit as a % of Revenue | 29 | % | 29 | % | ||||
| Total operating expenses | 99,471 | 88,092 | ||||||
| Operating expenses as a % of Revenue | 25 | % | 21 | % | ||||
| Income from operations | 17,533 | 35,098 | ||||||
| Income from operations as a % of Revenue | 4 | % | 8 | % | ||||
| Interest expense | 2,052 | 3,672 | ||||||
| Income before provision for income taxes | 15,481 | 31,426 | ||||||
| Provision for income taxes | 5,870 | 11,627 | ||||||
| Net income | 9,611 | 19,799 | ||||||
| Less: net income (loss) attributable to noncontrolling interests, net of taxes | 43 | (15 | ) | |||||
| Net income attributable to Mistras Group, Inc. | $ | 9,568 | $ | 19,814 | ||||
| For the Transition period ended December 31, | ||||||||
| 2016 | 2015 (unaudited) | |||||||
| ($ in thousands) | ||||||||
| Revenues | ||||||||
| Services | $ | 293,218 | $ | 327,118 | ||||
| International | 104,013 | 87,411 | ||||||
| Products and Systems | 14,541 | 18,786 | ||||||
| Corporate and eliminations | (7,611 | ) | (5,402 | ) | ||||
| $ | 404,161 | $ | 427,913 | |||||
| For the Transition period ended December 31, | ||||||||
| 2016 | 2015 (unaudited) | |||||||
| ($ in thousands) | ||||||||
| Gross profit | ||||||||
| Services | $ | 75,784 | $ | 87,514 | ||||
| % of segment revenue | 25.8 | % | 26.8 | % | ||||
| International | 34,210 | 26,762 | ||||||
| % of segment revenue | 32.9 | % | 30.6 | % | ||||
| Products and Systems | 6,920 | 8,986 | ||||||
| % of segment revenue | 47.6 | % | 47.8 | % | ||||
| Corporate and eliminations | 90 | (72 | ) | |||||
| $ | 117,004 | 123,190 | ||||||
| % of total revenue | 28.9 | % | 28.8 | % | ||||
| For the transition period ended December 31, | |||||||
| 2016 | 2015 (unaudited) | ||||||
| ($ in thousands) | |||||||
| Services: | |||||||
| Income from operations (GAAP) | $ | 22,411 | $ | 37,175 | |||
| Severance costs | 77 | 188 | |||||
| Acquisition-related expense (benefit), net | 236 | (593 | ) | ||||
| Income before special items (non-GAAP) | 22,724 | 36,770 | |||||
| International: | |||||||
| Income from operations (GAAP) | 10,597 | 6,888 | |||||
| Severance costs | 474 | 175 | |||||
| Asset write-offs and lease terminations | 1,042 | — | |||||
| Acquisition-related expense (benefit), net | 29 | (457 | ) | ||||
| Income before special items (non-GAAP) | 12,142 | 6,606 | |||||
| Products and Systems: | |||||||
| (Loss) income from operations (GAAP) | (254 | ) | 2,613 | ||||
| Severance costs | 14 | 17 | |||||
| (Loss) income before special items (non-GAAP) | (240 | ) | 2,630 | ||||
| Corporate and Eliminations: | |||||||
| Loss from operations (GAAP) | (15,221 | ) | (11,578 | ) | |||
| Severance costs | 133 | — | |||||
| Acquisition-related expense (benefit), net | 231 | 91 | |||||
| Loss before special items (non-GAAP) | (14,857 | ) | (11,487 | ) | |||
| Total Company: | |||||||
| Income from operations (GAAP) | $ | 17,533 | $ | 35,098 | |||
| Severance costs | $ | 698 | $ | 380 | |||
| Asset write-offs and lease terminations | $ | 1,042 | $ | — | |||
| Acquisition-related expense (benefit), net | $ | 496 | $ | (959 | ) | ||
| Income before special items (non-GAAP) | $ | 19,769 | $ | 34,519 | |||
| For the year ended May 31, | |||||||
| 2016 | 2015 | ||||||
| ($ in thousands) | |||||||
| Revenues | $ | 719,181 | $ | 711,252 | |||
| Gross profit | 203,008 | 184,733 | |||||
| Gross profit as a % of Revenue | 28 | % | 26 | % | |||
| Total operating expenses | 159,831 | 154,380 | |||||
| Operating expenses as a % of Revenue | 22 | % | 22 | % | |||
| Income from operations | 43,177 | 30,353 | |||||
| Income from operations as a % of Revenue | 6 | % | 4 | % | |||
| Interest expense | 4,762 | 4,622 | |||||
| Income before provision for income taxes | 38,415 | 25,731 | |||||
| Provision for income taxes | 13,765 | 9,740 | |||||
| Net income | 24,650 | 15,991 | |||||
| Less: net (loss) income attributable to noncontrolling interests, net of taxes | (4 | ) | (90 | ) | |||
| Net income attributable to Mistras Group, Inc. | $ | 24,654 | $ | 16,081 | |||
| For the year ended May 31, | ||||||||
| 2016 | 2015 | |||||||
| ($ in thousands) | ||||||||
| Revenues | ||||||||
| Services | $ | 553,279 | $ | 540,224 | ||||
| International | 143,025 | 146,953 | ||||||
| Products and Systems | 30,293 | 31,255 | ||||||
| Corporate and eliminations | (7,416 | ) | (7,180 | ) | ||||
| $ | 719,181 | $ | 711,252 | |||||
| For the year ended May 31, | |||||||
| 2016 | 2015 | ||||||
| ($ in thousands) | |||||||
| Gross profit | |||||||
| Services | $ | 145,262 | $ | 135,201 | |||
| % of segment revenue | 26.3 | % | 25.0 | % | |||
| International | 43,613 | 34,572 | |||||
| % of segment revenue | 30.5 | % | 23.5 | % | |||
| Products and Systems | 14,022 | 14,314 | |||||
| % of segment revenue | 46.3 | % | 45.8 | % | |||
| Corporate and eliminations | 111 | 646 | |||||
| $ | 203,008 | $ | 184,733 | ||||
| % of total revenue | 28.2 | % | 26.0 | % | |||
| For the year ended May 31, | |||||||
| 2016 | 2015 | ||||||
| ($ in thousands) | |||||||
| Services: | |||||||
| Income from operations (GAAP) | $ | 52,552 | $ | 49,142 | |||
| Legal settlement | 6,320 | — | |||||
| Severance costs | 188 | — | |||||
| Acquisition-related expense (benefit), net | (1,061 | ) | (639 | ) | |||
| Income before special items (non-GAAP) | 57,999 | 48,503 | |||||
| International: | |||||||
| Income (loss) from operations (GAAP) | $ | 9,293 | $ | (575 | ) | ||
| Severance costs | 885 | 1,082 | |||||
| Asset write-offs and lease terminations | — | 872 | |||||
| Acquisition-related expense (benefit), net | (520 | ) | (2,926 | ) | |||
| Income (loss) before special items (non-GAAP) | 9,658 | (1,547 | ) | ||||
| Products and Systems: | |||||||
| Income from operations (GAAP) | $ | 2,688 | $ | 2,461 | |||
| Severance costs | 34 | 99 | |||||
| Asset write-offs and lease terminations | — | 157 | |||||
| Acquisition-related expense (benefit), net | — | — | |||||
| Income before special items (non-GAAP) | 2,722 | 2,717 | |||||
| Corporate and Eliminations: | |||||||
| Loss from operations (GAAP) | $ | (21,356 | ) | $ | (20,675 | ) | |
| Severance costs | — | 542 | |||||
| Charges related to sale of foreign operations | — | 2,516 | |||||
| Acquisition-related expense (benefit), net | 128 | (1,602 | ) | ||||
| Loss before special items (non-GAAP) | (21,228 | ) | (19,219 | ) | |||
| Total Company: | |||||||
| Income from operations (GAAP) | $ | 43,177 | $ | 30,353 | |||
| Legal settlement | $ | 6,320 | $ | — | |||
| Severance costs | $ | 1,107 | $ | 1,723 | |||
| Asset write-offs and lease terminations | $ | — | $ | 1,029 | |||
| Charges related to sale of foreign operations | $ | — | $ | 2,516 | |||
| Acquisition-related expense (benefit), net | $ | (1,453 | ) | $ | (5,167 | ) | |
| Income before special items (non-GAAP) | $ | 49,151 | $ | 30,454 | |||
Liquidity and Capital Resources
Overview
The Company has funded its operations from cash provided from operations, bank borrowings and capital lease financings. Management believes that the Company's existing cash and cash equivalents, anticipated cash flows from operating activities, and available borrowings under our credit agreement will be more than sufficient to meet anticipated cash needs over the next 12 months. The Company generated operating cash flow of $55.2$59.1 million and $41.7 million for the yearyears ended December 31, 2017, $63.2 million for the year ended December 31, 20162019 and $30.3 million for the transition period ended December 31, 2016. The Company generated operating cash flow of $68.1 million in fiscal 2016 and $49.8 million in fiscal 2015.2018, respectively. Capital expenditures for the purchase of property, plant and equipment and of intangible assets was $20.6 million $15.9 million, $9.8 million, $16.2$22.9 million and $16.0$21.1 million for the years ended December 31, 20172019 and 2016, the transition period ended December 31, 2016 and for fiscal 2016 and 2015,2018, respectively.
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Cash Flows Table
The following table summarizes our cash flows for the years ended December 31, 20172019 and 2016, the transition period ended December 31, 2016 and fiscal 2016 and 2015:2018:
| For the year ended December 31, | For the Transition period ended December 31, | For the year ended May 31, | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 2017 | 2016 | 2016 | 2016 | 2015 | For the year ended December 31, | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| ($ in thousands) | (unaudited) | ($ in thousands) | 2019 | 2018 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Net cash provided by (used in): | Net cash provided by (used in): | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Operating activities | $ | 55,239 | $ | 63,211 | $ | 30,259 | $ | 68,124 | $ | 49,840 | Operating activities | $ | 59,110 | $ | 41,664 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Investing activities | (102,797 | ) | (22,408 | ) | (17,374 | ) | (16,752 | ) | (49,651 | ) | Investing activities | (25,280) | (155,450) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Financing activities | 53,605 | (30,031 | ) | (12,869 | ) | (40,378 | ) | 2,066 | Financing activities | (44,137) | 113,969 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Effect of exchange rate changes on cash | 2,340 | (1,217 | ) | (2,050 | ) | (361 | ) | (1,720 | ) | Effect of exchange rate changes on cash | (221) | (2,180) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Net change in cash and cash equivalents | $ | 8,387 | $ | 9,555 | $ | (2,034 | ) | $ | 10,633 | $ | 535 | Net change in cash and cash equivalents | $ | (10,528) | $ | (1,997) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Cash Flows from Operating Activities
Cash provided by operating activities for the year ended December 31, 20172019 was $55.2$59.1 million, a declinean increase of $8$17.4 million from the prior year. The decreaseincrease was primarily attributable to a lower level of net income, exclusive of the $15.8 million impairment charge during 2017.movements in working capital.
Cash Flows from Investing Activities
Net cash used in investing activities for the year ended December 31, 20172019 was $102.8$25.3 million, principally due to $83.4a decline of $130.2 million of acquisitions and $20.6from the prior year. In addition, the Company used $1.8 million purchases of property, plant and equipment and intangible assets. Net cash used in investing activitiesless for the year ended December 31, 2016 was $22.4 million, principally due to $15.9 million purchases of property, plant and equipment and intangible assets as well as $8.3in 2019 compared to 2018. In 2018, the Company used $135.7 million for acquisitions, net of acquisitions. dispositions.
Cash Flows from Financing Activities
Net cash providedused by financing activities for the year ended December 31, 20172019 was $53.6$44.1 million, derived from ourcompared to net borrowingscash provided by financing activities of $114.0 million for the year ended December 31, 2018. In 2018, the Company had net borrowings of $71.5$125.2 million, the proceeds of which were primarily used to fund acquisitions, offset principally by $15.9of which approximately $29.7 million of treasury stock purchases. Net cash used in financing activities for the year ended December 31, 2016 was $30.0 million, driven primarily by $17.3 million of net repayments of debt and $9.0 million of treasury stock purchases.repaid during 2019.
Cash Balance and Credit Facility Borrowings
As of December 31, 2017,2019, the Company had cash and cash equivalents totaling $27.5$15.0 million of which $27.3 million is outside of the United States, and available borrowing capacity of up to $88.2$149.6 million under its credit agreement (as defined below). Borrowings of $156.9$246.7 million and letters of credit of $4.9$3.7 million were outstanding under the credit agreement at December 31, 2017.2019. We finance our operations primarily through our existing cash balances, cash collected from operations, bank borrowings and capital lease financing. We believe these sources are sufficient to fund our operations for the foreseeable future.
On December 8, 2017,13, 2018, the Company entered into a FourthFifth Amended and Restated Credit Agreement (“Credit Agreement”). The Credit Agreement increased the Company’s revolving line of credit from $175.0$250 million to $250.0$300 million and provides that under certain circumstances the line of credit can be increased to $300.0$450 million. In addition, the Credit Agreement provided the Company with a $100 million senior secured term loan A facility. The Company increased its borrowing capacity under the Credit Agreement primarily to fund an acquisition in December 2018. Both the revolving line of credit and the term loan A facility under the Credit Agreement have a maturity date of December 12, 2023. The Company may continue to borrow up to $30.0$100 million in non-U.S. Dollar currencies and use up to $10.0$20 million of the credit limit for the issuance of letters of credit. The maturity date of the Credit Agreement is December 7, 2022.
Loans under the Credit Agreement bear interest at LIBOR plus an applicable LIBOR margin ranging from 1% to 2%, or a base rate less a margin of 1.25% to 0.375%, at ourthe option of the Company, based upon ourthe Company’s Funded Debt Leverage Ratio. Funded Debt Leverage Ratio is generally the ratio of (1) all outstanding indebtedness for borrowed money and other interest-bearing indebtedness as of the date of determination to (2) EBITDA (which is (a) net income, less (b) income (or plus loss) from discontinued operations and extraordinary items, plus (c) income tax expenses, plus (d) interest expense, plus (e) depreciation, depletion, and amortization (including non-cash loss on retirement of assets), plus (f) stock compensation expense, less (g) cash expense related to stock compensation, plus (h) certain amounts of EBITDA of acquired business for the prior twelve months, plus (i) certain expenses related to the closing of the Credit Agreement, plus (j) non-cash expenses which do not (in the current or any future period) represent a cash item (excluding non-cash gains which increase net income), plus (k) non-recurring charges (not to exceed $5$10 million in the four consecutive quarters immediately preceding the date of
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determination) for items such as severance, lease termination charges, asset write-offs and litigation settlements paid, during the period,and multi-employer pension plan withdrawal liabilities, all determined for the period of four consecutive fiscal quarters immediately preceding the date of determination.determination of EBITDA. The Company has the benefit of the lowest margin if its Funded Debt Leverage Ratio is equal to or less than 0.51.0 to 1, and the margin increases as the ratio increases, to the maximum margin if the ratio is greater than 2.753.25 to 1. The Company will also bear additional costs for market disruption, regulatory changes effectingaffecting the lenders’ funding costs, and default pricing of an additional 2% interest rate margin on any amounts not paid when due. Amounts borrowed under the Credit Agreement are secured by liens on substantially all of the assets of the Company and is guaranteed by some of our subsidiaries.
The Credit Agreement contains financial covenants requiring that wethe Company maintain a Funded Debt Leverage Ratio of no greater than 4.25 to 1 through December 31, 2018, reducing to a maximum permitted ratio of 3.50 to 1 as of March 31, 2020 and an Interestall quarterly periods thereafter, and a Fixed Charge Coverage Ratio of at least 3.01.25 to 1. InterestFixed Charge Coverage Ratio means the ratio, as of any date of determination, of (a) (i) EBITDA for the 12 month period immediately preceding the date of determination, totaken together as one accounting period, less (ii) the aggregate amount of all capital expenditures made during the period, less (iii) taxes paid in cash during the period, less (iv) Restricted Payments paid in cash during the period, -to- (b) the sum of (i) all interest, premium payments, debt discount, fees, charges and related expenses of us and our subsidiaries in connection with borrowed money (including capitalized interest) or in connection with the deferred purchase price of assets, in each case, to the extent treated as interest in accordance with GAAP,U.S. generally accepted accounting principles ("GAAP") and to the extent paid in cash during the 12 month period, immediately preceding(ii) the dateaggregate principal amount of determination.all redemptions or similar acquisitions for value of outstanding debt for borrowed money or regularly scheduled principal payments made during the period, but excluding any such payments to the extent refinanced through the incurrence of additional Indebtedness otherwise expressly permitted under the Credit Agreement, and (iii) payments made during the period under all leases that have been or should be, in accordance with GAAP as in effect for our 2017 audited financial statement, recorded as capitalized leases.
On March 9, 2020, the Credit Agreement was amended to provide that the maximum Funded Debt Leverage Ratio is 4.0 to 1 for the quarters ended December 31, 2019 through June 30, 2020; 3.75 to 1 for the quarter ending September 30, 2020; and 3.5 to 1 for the quarter ending December 31, 2020 and each quarter end thereafter, and increased the maximum LIBOR margin from 2.0% to 2.25% if the Funded Debt Leverage Ratio exceeds 3.75 to 1. Beginning in 2020, the Company can elect to increase the maximum Funded Debt Leverage Ratio to 3.754.0 to 1 temporarily for four fiscal quarters immediately following the fiscal quarter in which the Company acquires another business.business, with the maximum permitted ratio reducing back to 3.5 to 1 in the fifth fiscal quarter following such acquisition. The Company can make this election twice during the term of the Credit Agreement.
The Credit Agreement also limits the Company’s ability to, among other things, create liens, make investments, incur more indebtedness, merge or consolidate, make dispositions of property, pay dividends and make distributions to stockholders or repurchase our stock, enter into a new line of business, enter into transactions with affiliates and enter into burdensome agreements. The Credit Agreement does not limit the Company’s ability to acquire other businesses or companies except that the acquired business or company must be in the Company's line of business, the Company must be in compliance with the financial covenants on a pro forma basis after taking into account the acquisition, and, if the acquired business is a separate subsidiary, in certain circumstances the lenders will receive the benefit of a guaranty of the subsidiary and liens on its assets and a pledge of its stock. However, as amended on March 9, 2020, for acquisitions completed prior to April 1, 2021, (a) the aggregate consideration for all acquisitions made on or after March 9, 2020 and prior to April 1, 2021 shall not exceed $5,000,000, and (b) prior to the first of any such acquisition, the Company shall have demonstrated a Funded Debt Leverage Ratio of not greater than 3.0 to 1.0 for two consecutive fiscal quarters immediately prior to such acquisition.
As of December 31, 2017,2019, the Company was in compliance with the terms of the Credit Agreement, and has undertaken to continuously monitor compliance with these covenants.
Liquidity and Capital Resources Outlook
Future Sources of Cash
We expect our future sources of cash to include cash flow generated from our operating activities and borrowings under our Credit Agreement. Our revolving credit facility is available for cash advances required for working capital and for letters of credit to support our operations. Acquisitions are funded through available cash and borrowings under the revolving credit facility and seller notes.Credit Agreement.
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Future Uses of Cash
We expect our future uses of cash will primarily be for acquisitions,repayment of debt, international expansion, stock repurchases, purchases or manufacture of field testingfield-testing equipment to support growth, additional investments in technology and software products and the replacement of existing assets and equipment used in our operations. We often make purchases to support new sources of revenues, particularly in our Services segment. In addition, we will need to fund a certain amount of replacement equipment, including our fleet vehicles. We historically spend approximately 2% to 4%3% of our total revenues on capital expenditures, excluding acquisitions, and expect to fund these expenditures through a combination of cash and lease financing. Our cash capital expenditures, excluding acquisitions, for each of the yearyears ended December 31, 2017,2019 and 2018 were approximately 3% of revenues. However, the transition periodcurrent COVID-19 coronavirus pandemic will negatively impact our cash flow and our uses of cash, particularly if we experience a material reduction in our revenues due to actions taken to combat the spread of the virus. We are taking steps to reduce spending and preserve cash.
As a result of restrictions in our credit agreement, as amended, we do not expect to make any acquisitions in 2020. We acquired one company during each of the years ended December 31, 20162019 and 2018, for fiscal 2016 and 2015 were approximately 3%, 2%, 2% and 2% of revenues, respectively.
We also expect to use cash to support our working capital requirements for our operations, particularly in the event of further growth and due to the impacts of seasonality on our business. Our future working capital requirements will depend on many factors, including the rate of our revenue growth, our introduction of new solutions and enhancements to existing solutions and our expansion of sales and marketing and product development activities. To the extent that our cash and cash equivalents and future cash flows from operating activities are insufficient to fund our future activities, we may need to raise additional funds through bank credit arrangements, public or private equity financings, or debt financings. We also may need to raise additional funds in the event we determine in the future to effect one or more acquisitions of businesses, technologies or products that will complement our existing operations. In the event additional funding is required, we may not be able to obtain bank credit arrangements or effect an equity or debt financing on acceptable terms.
Contractual Obligations
We generally do not enter into long-term minimum purchase commitments. Our principal commitments, in addition to those related to our long-term debt discussed below, consist of obligations under facility leases for office space and equipment leases and contingent consideration obligations in connection with our acquisitions.
The following table summarizes our outstanding contractual obligations as of December 31, 2017:2019:
| ($ in thousands) | Total | December 31, 2018 | December 31, 2019 | December 31, 2020 | December 31, 2021 | December 31, 2022 | Thereafter | |||||||||||||||||||||
| Long-term debt (1) | $ | 166,878 | $ | 2,358 | $ | 1,664 | $ | 1,243 | $ | 892 | $ | 157,728 | $ | 2,993 | ||||||||||||||
| Capital lease obligations (2) | 15,344 | 5,899 | 3,788 | 2,485 | 1,778 | 634 | 760 | |||||||||||||||||||||
| Operating lease obligations | 49,432 | 11,542 | 8,888 | 6,902 | 4,881 | 4,304 | 12,915 | |||||||||||||||||||||
| Contingent consideration obligations (3) | 5,508 | 3,430 | 1,279 | 799 | — | — | — | |||||||||||||||||||||
| Total | $ | 237,162 | $ | 23,229 | $ | 15,619 | $ | 11,429 | $ | 7,551 | $ | 162,666 | $ | 16,668 | ||||||||||||||
| ($ in thousands) | Total | 2020 | 2021 | 2022 | 2023 | 2024 | Thereafter | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Long-term debt(1) | $ | 254,713 | $ | 6,593 | $ | 8,864 | $ | 11,210 | $ | 225,343 | $ | 890 | $ | 1,813 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Finance lease obligations(2) | 18,864 | 6,241 | 4,255 | 3,381 | 2,489 | 1,607 | 891 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Right-of-use obligations(2) | 56,285 | 12,466 | 10,347 | 8,193 | 6,790 | 5,224 | 13,265 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Contingent consideration obligations(3) | 3,216 | 2,614 | 301 | 301 | — | — | — | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Purchase commitments(4) | 1,442 | — | 1,442 | — | — | — | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Total | $ | 334,520 | $ | 27,914 | $ | 25,209 | $ | 23,085 | $ | 234,622 | $ | 7,721 | $ | 15,969 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
(1)Consists primarily of the principal portion of borrowings from our senior credit facility in connection with our acquisitions and includes the current portion outstanding.
(2)Includes minimum lease payments over the remaining terms of the leases.
(3)Fair Value of payments deemed reasonably likely to occur in connection with our acquisitions.
(4)Consists of the remaining portion of a three-year cumulative agreement to purchase products from the buyer associated with the sale of a subsidiary.
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Off-Balance Sheet Arrangements
During the yearyears ended December 31, 2017, the transition period ended December 31, 2016 as well as fiscal 20162019 and 2015,2018, we did not have any relationships with unconsolidated entities or financial partnerships, such as entities often referred to as structured finance or special purpose entities, which would have been established for the purpose of facilitating off-balance sheet arrangements or other contractually narrow or limited purposes.
Critical Accounting Policies and Estimates
The preparation of financial statements in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles requires that we make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of financial statements and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting period. The accounting policies that we believe require more significant estimates and assumptions include: revenue recognition, long-
We believe that the following critical accounting policies comprise the more significant estimates and assumptions used in the preparation of our consolidated financial statements.
Revenue Recognition
Performance Obligations
A performance obligation is a promise in a contract to transfer a distinct good or service to the customer, and is the unit of account in ASC Topic 606. A contract’s transaction price is allocated to each distinct performance obligation and recognized as revenue when, or as, the performance obligation is satisfied. The majority of our contracts have a single performance obligation as the promise to transfer the individual goods or services is not separately identifiable from other promises in the contracts and is, therefore, not distinct. The Company provides highly integrated and bundled inspection services to its customers. Some of our contracts have multiple performance obligations, most commonly due to the contract providing both goods and services. For contracts with multiple performance obligations, the Company allocates the contract’s transaction price to each performance obligation using our best estimate of the standalone selling price of each customer arrangement, upon completion ofdistinct good or service in the earnings process and when collection is reasonably assured. At the end of any reporting period, earned revenue is accrued for services that have been provided which have not yet been billed. Reimbursable costs, including those relatedcontract. The primary method used to travel and out-of-pocket expenses, are included in revenue, and equivalent amounts of reimbursable costs are included in cost of services.
Contract modifications are not routine in the performance of our contracts. Generally, when contracts are modified, the modification is to account for changes in scope to the goods and interchangeable competitor productsservices that are provided. In most instances, contract modifications are for goods or services in standalone sales to similarly situated customers. We determine ESP by considering internal factors such as margin objectives, pricing practices and controls, customer segment pricing strategies and the product life cycle. Consideration is also given to market conditions such as competitor pricing strategies and industry technology life cycles. When determining ESP, we apply management judgment to establish margin objectives and pricing strategies and to evaluate market conditions and product life cycles. Changes in the aforementioned factors may result in a different allocation of revenue to the deliverables in multiple element arrangementsthat are distinct, and, therefore, may change the pattern and timing of revenue recognitionare accounted for these elements, but will not change the total revenue recognized for the arrangement.as a separate contract.
The majority of our revenue recognized at a point in time is related to product sales when the customer obtains control of the asset, which is generally upon shipment to the customer. Contract costs include labor, material and overhead.
The Company expects any significant remaining performance obligations to be satisfied within one year.
Contract Estimates
The majority of our revenues are short-term in nature. The Company has many Master Service Agreements (MSAs) that specify an overall framework and terms of contract when the Company and customers agree upon services or products underto be provided. The actual contracting to provide services or furnish products are triggered by a work order, purchase order, or some similar document issued pursuant to a MSA which sets forth the scope of services and/or identifies the products to be provided. From time-to-time, the Company may enter into long-term contracts, that may lastwhich can range from several months to several years, dependingyears. Revenue on the contract. Revenues fromsuch long-term contracts are recognized on the percentage-of-completion method of accounting. Under the percentage-of-completion method of accounting revenues areis recognized as work is performed. The percentage of completion at any point in time is generallyperformed based on total costs or total labor dollars incurred to date in relation to the total
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estimated costs or total labor dollars estimatedfor the performance of the contract at completion. The percentage of completion is then applied to the totalThis includes contract revenue to determine the amount of revenue to be recognized in the period. Application of the percentage-of-completion method of accounting requires the use of estimates of costs to be incurred for the performance of the contract. Contract costs include all direct materials, direct labor costs and those indirect costs related to contract performance, such as indirect labor, supplies, tools, repairs, and all costs associated with operation of equipment. The costCost estimation process is based upon the professional knowledge and experience of our engineers, project managers, engineers and financial professionals. Factors that are considered in estimating the work to be completed include the availability and productivity of labor, the nature and complexity of the work to be performed, the effect of change orders, the availability of materials, the effect of any delays in our project performance and the recoverability of any claims. Whenever revisions of estimatedestimates, contract costs andand/or contract values indicate that the contract costs will exceed estimated revenues, thus creating a loss, a provision for the total estimated loss is recorded in that period.
Long-Lived Assets
We perform a review of long-lived assets (or asset groups) for impairment when events or changes in circumstances indicate the carrying value of such assets may not be recoverable. If an indication of impairment is present, we compare the estimated undiscounted future cash flows to be generated by the asset (or asset group) to its carrying amount. If the undiscounted future cash flows are less than the carrying amount of the asset (or asset group), we record an impairment loss equal to the excess of the asset’s carrying amount over its fair value. We estimate fair value based on valuation techniques such as a discounted cash flow analysis or a comparison to fair values of similar assets. As of December 31, 20172019 and December 31, 2016,2018, we had $87.1$98.6 million and $73.1$93.9 million in net property, plant and equipment, respectively, and $63.7$109.5 million and $40.0$111.4 million in intangible assets, net, respectively. During the third quarter of 2017, there was a triggering event in the Products and Systems segment that resulted in a $2.6 million impairment charge of long-lived assets. (See Note 9 in the notes to consolidated financial statements in Item 8 of this Annual Report for further details) During the transition period ended December 31, 2016, $0.8 million of specifically identified assets were written off.
Goodwill
Goodwill represents the excess purchase price of acquired businesses over the fair values attributed to underlying net tangible assets and identifiable intangible assets. We test goodwill for impairment at a “reporting unit” level (which for the Company is represented by (i) our Services segment, (ii) our Products and Systems segment, and (iii) the European component of our International segment and (iv) the Brazilian component of our International segment). Our annual impairment test is conducted on the first day of our fourth quarter. In connection with the change in our fiscal year to December 31, our annual test datequarter, which is October 1. For the transition period ended December 31, 2016, a December 1 date was used and historically, prior to the fiscal year end change, the Company tested for impairment annually as of March 1. Goodwill is also tested for impairment whenever an event occurs or circumstances change that would more likely than not reduce the fair value of a reporting unit below its carrying amount. During the third quarter of 2017, there was a triggering event in the Products and Systems segment that resulted in a $13.2 million goodwill impairment charge. See Note 8 in the notes to consolidated financial statements in Item 8 of this Annual Report for further details.
If the fair value of a reporting unit is less than its carrying value, this is an indicator that the goodwill assigned to that reporting unit may be impaired. As a result of the Company adopting ASU 2017-04, impairment will be recorded in the amount that fair value is less than carrying value, as the ASU eliminated step two of the goodwill impairment process. The Company considers the income and market approaches to estimating the fair value of our reporting units, which requires significant judgment in evaluation of economic and industry trends, estimated future cash flows, discount rates and other factors. Sustained declines in the Company’s stock price and related market capitalization could impact key assumptions in the overall estimated fair values of its reporting units and could result in non-cash impairment charges that could be material to the Company's consolidated balance sheet or results of operations. As of December 31, 2019, there are no indicators of an impairment. See Note 8–Goodwill to the consolidated financial statements for additional information.
We allocate the purchase price of acquired businesses to their identifiable tangible assets and liabilities as well as identifiable intangible assets, such as customer relationships, technology, non-compete agreements and trade names. Allocations are based on estimated fair values of assets and liabilities, which reflects assumptions that would be made by typical market participants if they were to buy or sell each asset on an individual asset basis. Certain estimates and judgments are required in the application of the fair value techniques, including estimates of the respective acquisitions' future performance and related cash flows, selection of a discount rate and economic lives, and use of Level 3 measurements as defined in Accounting Standards Update ("ASC") 820 Fair Value Measurements and Disclosure. Deferred taxes are recorded for any differences between the assigned values and tax bases of assets and liabilities. We typically engage third-party valuation experts to assist in determining the fair values for both identifiable tangible and intangible assets. The judgments made in determining the estimated fair value assigned to each class of assets acquired and liabilities assumed, as well as asset lives, could materially impact our results of operations. See Note 7–Acquisitions and Disposition to the consolidated financial statements for additional information.
Recent Accounting Pronouncements
For information about recent accounting pronouncements, see Note 21–Summary of Significant Accounting Policies and Practices to the consolidated financial statements.
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ITEM 7A.Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk
Interest Rate Sensitivity
The company’sCompany’s investment portfolio primarily includes cash equivalents for which the market values are not significantly affected by changes in interest rates. Our interest rate risk results primarily from our variable rate indebtedness under our credit facility, which is influenced by movements in short-term rates. Borrowings under our $250.0$300.0 million revolving credit facility as well as our $100.0 million senior secured term loan A facility are based on an LIBOR, plus an additional margin based on our Funded Debt Leverage Ratio. Based on the amount of variable rate debt, $156.9$246.7 million at December 31, 2017,2019, an increase in interest rates by one hundred basis points from our current rate would increase annual interest expense by approximately $1.6$2.5 million.
Foreign Currency Risk
We have foreign currency exposure related to our operations in foreign locations. This foreign currency exposure, particularly the Euro, British Pound Sterling, Brazilian Real, Canadian Dollar and the Indian Rupee, arises primarily from the translation of our foreign subsidiaries’ financial statements into U.S. Dollars. For example, a portion of our annual sales and operating costs are denominated in British Pound Sterling and we have exposure related to sales and operating costs increasing or decreasing based on changes in currency exchange rates. If the U.S. Dollar increases in value against these foreign currencies, the value in U.S. Dollars of the assets and liabilities originally recorded in these foreign currencies will decrease. Conversely, if the U.S.
Dollar decreases in value against these foreign currencies, the value in U.S. Dollars of the assets and liabilities originally recorded in these foreign currencies will increase. Thus, increases and decreases in the value of the U.S. Dollar relative to these foreign currencies have a direct impact on the value in U.S. Dollars of our foreign currency denominated assets and liabilities, even if the value of these items has not changed in their original currency. Translation adjustments for these movements are recorded as a separate component of Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income in ShareholderStockholder Equity. We do not currently enter into forward exchange contracts to hedge exposures denominated in foreign currencies. An unfavorable 10% change (strengthening) in the average U.S. Dollar exchange rates for the year ended December 31, 20172019 would cause a decrease in consolidated operating income of approximately $0.8 million and a favorable 10% change (weakening) would cause an increase of approximately $0.9$0.4 million. We may consider entering into hedging or forward exchange contracts in the future, as sales in international currencies increase due to growth in our International segment.
Fair Value of Financial Instruments
We do not have material exposure to market risk with respect to investments, as our investments consist primarily of highly liquid investments purchased with a remaining maturity of three months or less. We do not use derivative financial instruments for speculative or trading purposes; however, this does not preclude our adoption of specific hedging strategies in the future.
Effects of Inflation and Changing Prices
Our results of operations and financial condition have not been significantly affected by inflation and changing prices.
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ITEM 8. FINANCIAL STATEMENTS AND SUPPLEMENTARY DATA
Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm
Mistras Group, Inc.:
Opinion on the Consolidated Financial Statements and Internal Control Over Financial Reporting
We have audited the accompanying consolidated balance sheets of Mistras Group, Inc. and subsidiaries (the “Company”)Company) as of December 31, 20172019 and 2016,2018, the related consolidated statements of income (loss) income,, comprehensive income (loss), equity, and cash flows for the year ended December 31, 2017, the seven month transition period ended December 31, 2016, and each of the years in the two-yearthree-year period ended MayDecember 31, 2016,2019, and the related notes (collectively, the “consolidatedconsolidated financial statements”)statements). We also have audited the Company’s internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2017, based on criteria established in Internal Control - Integrated Framework (2013) issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission.
In our opinion, the consolidated financial statements referred to above present fairly, in all material respects, the financial position of the Company as of December 31, 20172019 and 2016,2018, and the results of its operations and its cash flows for the year ended December 31, 2017, the seven month transition period ended December 31, 2016, and each of the years in the two-yearthree-year period ended MayDecember 31, 2016,2019, in conformity with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles. Also
We also have audited, in our opinion,accordance with the standards of the Public Company maintained, in all material respects, effectiveAccounting Oversight Board (United States) (PCAOB), the Company’s internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2017,2019, based on criteria established in Internal Control -– Integrated Framework (2013) issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission.
Basis for Opinion
These consolidated financial statements are the responsibility of the Company as of and for the year ended December 31, 2017. Our audit of internal control over financial reporting of the Company also excluded an evaluation of the internal control over financial reporting of these entities.
We conducted our audits in accordance with the standards of the PCAOB. Those standards require that we plan and perform the auditsaudit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the consolidated financial statements are free of material misstatement, whether due to error or fraud, and whether effective internal control over financial reporting was maintained in all material respects.
fraud. Our audits of the consolidated financial statements included performing procedures to assess the risks of material misstatement of the consolidated financial statements, whether due to error or fraud, and performing procedures that respond to those risks. Such procedures included examining, on a test basis, evidence regarding the amounts and disclosures in the consolidated financial statements. Our audits also included evaluating the accounting principles used and significant estimates made by management, as well as evaluating the overall presentation of the consolidated financial statements. We believe that our audits provide a reasonable basis for our opinion.
/s/ KPMG LLP
We have served as the Company's auditor since 2013.
Short Hills, New Jersey
March 27, 2020
43
Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm
To the Stockholders and Board of Directors
Mistras Group, Inc.:
Opinion on Internal Control Over Financial Reporting
We have audited Mistras Group, Inc. and subsidiaries’ (the Company) internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2019, based on criteria established in Internal Control – Integrated Framework (2013) issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission. In our opinion, because of the effect of the material weaknesses, described below, on the achievement of the objectives of the control criteria, the Company has not maintained effective internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2019, based on criteria established in Internal Control – Integrated Framework (2013) issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission.
We also have audited, in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States) (PCAOB), the consolidated balance sheets of the Company as of December 31, 2019 and 2018, the related consolidated statements of income (loss), comprehensive income (loss), equity, and cash flows for each of the years in the three-year period ended December 31, 2019, and the related notes (collectively, the consolidated financial statements), and our report dated March 27, 2020 expressed an unqualified opinion on those consolidated financial statements.
A material weakness is a deficiency, or a combination of deficiencies, in internal control over financial reporting, such that there is a reasonable possibility that a material misstatement of the company’s annual or interim financial statements will not be prevented or detected on a timely basis. Material weaknesses have been identified and included in management’s assessment related to risk assessment not sufficiently considering changes in business processes and not having a sufficient complement of trained resources with knowledge of financial reporting processes and internal control related to accounting for income taxes. As a consequence, process level controls over the completeness, existence, accuracy, valuation and presentation of the income tax provision, including deferred tax assets and liabilities and valuation allowance, were not effective. The material weaknesses were considered in determining the nature, timing, and extent of audit tests applied in our audit of the 2019 consolidated financial statements, and this report does not affect our report on those consolidated financial statements.
The Company acquired New Century Software, LLC during 2019, and management excluded from its assessment of the effectiveness of the Company’s internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2019, New Century Software, LLC’s internal control over financial reporting associated with total assets of 0.2% and total revenues of 0.3% included in the consolidated financial statements of the Company as of and for the year ended December 31, 2019. Our audit of internal control over financial reporting of the Company also excluded an evaluation of the internal control over financial reporting of New Century Software, LLC.
Basis for Opinion
The Company’s management is responsible for maintaining effective internal control over financial reporting and for its assessment of the effectiveness of internal control over financial reporting, included in the accompanying Management’s Report on Internal Control Over Financial Reporting. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on the Company’s internal control over financial reporting based on our audit. We are a public accounting firm registered with the PCAOB and are required to be independent with respect to the Company in accordance with the U.S. federal securities laws and the applicable rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission and the PCAOB.
We conducted our audit in accordance with the standards of the PCAOB. Those standards require that we plan and perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether effective internal control over financial reporting was maintained in all material respects. Our audit of internal control over financial reporting included obtaining an understanding of internal control over financial reporting, assessing the risk that a material weakness exists, and testing and evaluating the design and operating effectiveness of internal control based on the assessed risk. Our auditsaudit also included performing such other procedures as we considered necessary in the circumstances. We believe that our audits provideaudit provides a reasonable basis for our opinions.opinion.
Definition and Limitations of Internal Control Over Financial Reporting
A company’s internal control over financial reporting is a process designed to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles. A company’s internal control over financial reporting includes those policies and procedures that (1) pertain to the maintenance of records that, in reasonable detail, accurately and fairly reflect the transactions and dispositions of the assets of the company; (2) provide reasonable assurance that transactions are recorded as necessary to permit preparation of financial statements in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles, and that receipts and expenditures of the company are being made only in
accordance with authorizations of management and directors of the company; and (3) provide reasonable assurance regarding
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prevention or timely detection of unauthorized acquisition, use, or disposition of the company’s assets that could have a material effect on the financial statements.
Because of its inherent limitations, internal control over financial reporting may not prevent or detect misstatements. Also, projections of any evaluation of effectiveness to future periods are subject to the risk that controls may become inadequate because of changes in conditions, or that the degree of compliance with the policies or procedures may deteriorate.
/s/ KPMG LLP
Short Hills, New Jersey
March 27, 2020
45
Mistras Group, Inc. and Subsidiaries
Consolidated Balance Sheets
(in thousands, except share and per share data)data)
| December 31, | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| December 31, | 2019 | 2018 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| 2017 | 2016 | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| ASSETS | ASSETS | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Current Assets | Current Assets | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Cash and cash equivalents | $ | 27,541 | $ | 19,154 | Cash and cash equivalents | $ | 15,016 | $ | 25,544 | |||||||||||||||
| Accounts receivable, net | 138,080 | 130,852 | Accounts receivable, net | 135,997 | 148,324 | |||||||||||||||||||
| Inventories | 10,503 | 10,017 | Inventories | 13,413 | 13,053 | |||||||||||||||||||
| Deferred income taxes | — | 6,230 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| Prepaid expenses and other current assets | 18,884 | 16,399 | Prepaid expenses and other current assets | 14,729 | 15,870 | |||||||||||||||||||
| Total current assets | 195,008 | 182,652 | Total current assets | 179,155 | 202,791 | |||||||||||||||||||
| Property, plant and equipment, net | 87,143 | 73,149 | Property, plant and equipment, net | 98,607 | 93,895 | |||||||||||||||||||
| Intangible assets, net | 63,739 | 40,007 | Intangible assets, net | 109,537 | 111,395 | |||||||||||||||||||
| Goodwill | 203,438 | 169,940 | Goodwill | 282,410 | 279,259 | |||||||||||||||||||
| Deferred income taxes | 1,606 | 1,086 | Deferred income taxes | 1,786 | 1,930 | |||||||||||||||||||
| Other assets | 3,507 | 2,593 | Other assets | 48,383 | 4,767 | |||||||||||||||||||
| Total Assets | $ | 554,441 | $ | 469,427 | Total Assets | $ | 719,878 | $ | 694,037 | |||||||||||||||
| LIABILITIES AND EQUITY | LIABILITIES AND EQUITY | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Current Liabilities | Current Liabilities | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Accounts payable | $ | 10,362 | $ | 6,805 | Accounts payable | $ | 15,033 | $ | 13,863 | |||||||||||||||
| Accrued expenses and other current liabilities | 65,561 | 58,697 | Accrued expenses and other current liabilities | 81,389 | 73,895 | |||||||||||||||||||
| Current portion of long-term debt | 2,358 | 1,379 | Current portion of long-term debt | 6,593 | 6,833 | |||||||||||||||||||
| Current portion of capital lease obligations | 5,875 | 6,488 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| Current portion of finance lease obligations | Current portion of finance lease obligations | 4,131 | 3,922 | |||||||||||||||||||||
| Income taxes payable | 6,069 | 4,342 | Income taxes payable | 2,094 | 1,958 | |||||||||||||||||||
| Total current liabilities | 90,225 | 77,711 | Total current liabilities | 109,240 | 100,471 | |||||||||||||||||||
| Long-term debt, net of current portion | 164,520 | 85,917 | Long-term debt, net of current portion | 248,120 | 283,787 | |||||||||||||||||||
| Obligations under capital leases, net of current portion | 8,738 | 9,682 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| Obligations under finance leases, net of current portion | Obligations under finance leases, net of current portion | 13,043 | 9,075 | |||||||||||||||||||||
| Deferred income taxes | 8,803 | 17,584 | Deferred income taxes | 21,290 | 23,148 | |||||||||||||||||||
| Other long-term liabilities | 11,363 | 7,789 | Other long-term liabilities | 42,163 | 6,482 | |||||||||||||||||||
| Total Liabilities | 283,649 | 198,683 | Total Liabilities | $ | 433,856 | $ | 422,963 | |||||||||||||||||
| Commitments and contingencies | Commitments and contingencies | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Equity | Equity | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Preferred stock, 10,000,000 shares authorized | — | — | Preferred stock, 10,000,000 shares authorized | — | — | |||||||||||||||||||
| Common stock, $0.01 par value, 200,000,000 shares authorized, 28,294,968 and 29,216,745 shares issued | 282 | 292 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| Common stock, $0.01 par value, 200,000,000 shares authorized, 28,945,472 and 28,562,608 shares issued | Common stock, $0.01 par value, 200,000,000 shares authorized, 28,945,472 and 28,562,608 shares issued | 289 | 285 | |||||||||||||||||||||
| Additional paid-in capital | 222,425 | 217,211 | Additional paid-in capital | 229,205 | 226,616 | |||||||||||||||||||
| Treasury stock at cost, 0 and 420,258 shares | — | (9,000 | ) | |||||||||||||||||||||
| Retained earnings | 64,717 | 91,803 | Retained earnings | 77,613 | 71,553 | |||||||||||||||||||
| Accumulated other comprehensive loss | (16,805 | ) | (29,724 | ) | Accumulated other comprehensive loss | (21,285) | (27,557) | |||||||||||||||||
| Total Mistras Group, Inc. stockholders’ equity | 270,619 | 270,582 | Total Mistras Group, Inc. stockholders’ equity | 285,822 | 270,897 | |||||||||||||||||||
| Non-controlling interests | 173 | 162 | Non-controlling interests | 200 | 177 | |||||||||||||||||||
| Total Equity | 270,792 | 270,744 | Total Equity | 286,022 | 271,074 | |||||||||||||||||||
| Total Liabilities and Equity | $ | 554,441 | $ | 469,427 | Total Liabilities and Equity | $ | 719,878 | $ | 694,037 | |||||||||||||||
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.
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Mistras Group, Inc. and Subsidiaries
Consolidated Statements of Income (Loss) Income
(in thousands, except per share data)data)
| For the year ended December 31, | For the transition period ended December 31, | For the year ended May 31, | For the year ended December 31, | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 2017 | 2016 | 2016 | 2015 | 2019 | 2018 | 2017 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Revenue | $ | 700,970 | $ | 404,161 | $ | 719,181 | $ | 711,252 | Revenue | $ | 748,586 | $ | 742,354 | $ | 700,970 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Cost of revenue | 492,238 | 274,298 | 494,911 | 506,281 | Cost of revenue | 509,489 | 512,024 | 492,238 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Depreciation | 21,020 | 12,859 | 21,262 | 20,238 | Depreciation | 21,800 | 22,456 | 21,020 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Gross profit | 187,712 | 117,004 | 203,008 | 184,733 | Gross profit | 217,297 | 207,874 | 187,712 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Selling, general and administrative expenses | 153,025 | 91,058 | 141,229 | 143,978 | Selling, general and administrative expenses | 168,621 | 165,702 | 151,825 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Bad debt provision for troubled customers, net of recoveries | Bad debt provision for troubled customers, net of recoveries | 3,038 | 650 | 1,200 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Impairment charges | 15,810 | — | — | — | Impairment charges | — | — | 15,810 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Pension withdrawal expense | Pension withdrawal expense | 848 | 5,886 | — | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Gain on sale of subsidiary | Gain on sale of subsidiary | — | (2,384) | — | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Research and engineering | 2,272 | 1,577 | 2,523 | 2,521 | Research and engineering | 3,045 | 3,310 | 2,272 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Depreciation and amortization | 10,363 | 6,340 | 11,212 | 13,048 | Depreciation and amortization | 16,733 | 11,957 | 10,363 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Acquisition-related expense (benefit), net | 482 | 496 | (1,453 | ) | (5,167 | ) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Acquisition-related expense, net | Acquisition-related expense, net | 875 | 532 | 482 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Litigation charges | 1,600 | — | 6,320 | — | Litigation charges | — | — | 1,600 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Income from operations | 4,160 | 17,533 | 43,177 | 30,353 | Income from operations | 24,137 | 22,221 | 4,160 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Interest expense | 4,386 | 2,052 | 4,762 | 4,622 | Interest expense | 13,698 | 7,950 | 4,386 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| (Loss) income before provision for income taxes | (226 | ) | 15,481 | 38,415 | 25,731 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Income (loss) before provision for income taxes | Income (loss) before provision for income taxes | 10,439 | 14,271 | (226) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Provision for income taxes | 1,942 | 5,870 | 13,765 | 9,740 | Provision for income taxes | 4,359 | 7,426 | 1,942 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Net (loss) income | (2,168 | ) | 9,611 | 24,650 | 15,991 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Less: net income (loss) attributable to noncontrolling interests, net of taxes | 7 | 43 | (4 | ) | (90 | ) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Net (loss) income attributable to Mistras Group, Inc. | $ | (2,175 | ) | $ | 9,568 | $ | 24,654 | $ | 16,081 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| (Loss) earnings per common share | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Net income (loss) | Net income (loss) | 6,080 | 6,845 | (2,168) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Less: net income attributable to noncontrolling interests, net of taxes | Less: net income attributable to noncontrolling interests, net of taxes | 20 | 9 | 7 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Net income (loss) attributable to Mistras Group, Inc. | Net income (loss) attributable to Mistras Group, Inc. | $ | 6,060 | $ | 6,836 | $ | (2,175) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Earnings (loss) per common share | Earnings (loss) per common share | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Basic | $ | (0.08 | ) | $ | 0.33 | $ | 0.85 | $ | 0.56 | Basic | $ | 0.21 | $ | 0.24 | $ | (0.08) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Diluted | $ | (0.08 | ) | $ | 0.32 | $ | 0.82 | $ | 0.54 | Diluted | $ | 0.21 | $ | 0.23 | $ | (0.08) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Weighted average common shares outstanding: | Weighted average common shares outstanding: | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Basic | 28,422 | 28,989 | 28,856 | 28,613 | Basic | 28,740 | 28,406 | 28,422 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Diluted | 28,422 | 30,125 | 29,891 | 29,590 | Diluted | 29,046 | 29,427 | 28,422 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.
47
Mistras Group, Inc. and Subsidiaries
Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income (Loss)
(in thousands)
| For the year ended December 31, | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| For the year ended December 31, | For the transition period ended December 31, | For the year ended May 31, | 2019 | 2018 | 2017 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 2017 | 2016 | 2016 | 2015 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Net (loss) income | $ | (2,168 | ) | $ | 9,611 | $ | 24,650 | $ | 15,991 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Net income (loss) | Net income (loss) | $ | 6,080 | $ | 6,845 | $ | (2,168) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Other comprehensive income (loss): | Other comprehensive income (loss): | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Foreign currency translation adjustments | 12,919 | (9,625 | ) | 1,014 | (19,602 | ) | Foreign currency translation adjustments | 6,272 | (10,752) | 12,919 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Comprehensive income (loss) | 10,751 | (14 | ) | 25,664 | (3,611 | ) | Comprehensive income (loss) | 12,352 | (3,907) | 10,751 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Less: net income (loss) attributable to noncontrolling interests | 7 | 43 | (4 | ) | (90 | ) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Less: net income attributable to noncontrolling interests | Less: net income attributable to noncontrolling interests | 20 | 9 | 7 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Foreign currency translation adjustments attributable to noncontrolling interests | 4 | 6 | 1 | 5 | Foreign currency translation adjustments attributable to noncontrolling interests | 3 | (5) | 4 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Comprehensive income (loss) attributable to Mistras Group, Inc. | $ | 10,748 | $ | (51 | ) | $ | 25,669 | $ | (3,516 | ) | Comprehensive income (loss) attributable to Mistras Group, Inc. | $ | 12,335 | $ | (3,921) | $ | 10,748 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.
48
Mistras Group, Inc. and Subsidiaries
Consolidated Statements of Equity
(in thousands)
| Common Stock | Treasury Stock | Additional paid-in capital | Retained earnings | Accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) | Total Mistras Group, Inc. Stockholders’ Equity | Noncontrolling Interest | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Common Stock | Treasury Stock | Additional paid-in capital | Retained earnings | Accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) | Total Mistras Group, Inc. Stockholders’ Equity | Noncontrolling Interest | Shares | Amount | Shares | Amount | Total Equity | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Shares | Amount | Shares | Amount | Total Equity | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Balance at May 31, 2014 | 28,456 | $ | 284 | — | $ | — | $ | 201,831 | $ | 41,500 | $ | (1,511 | ) | $ | 242,104 | $ | 288 | $ | 242,392 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Net income | — | — | — | — | — | 16,081 | — | 16,081 | (90 | ) | 15,991 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Other comprehensive loss, net of tax | — | — | — | — | — | — | (19,602 | ) | (19,602 | ) | (5 | ) | (19,607 | ) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Share-based payments | 21 | — | — | — | 6,579 | — | — | 6,579 | — | 6,579 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Net settlement on vesting of restricted stock units | 161 | 2 | — | — | (1,483 | ) | — | — | (1,481 | ) | — | (1,481 | ) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Excess tax benefit from share-based payment compensation | — | — | — | — | 388 | — | — | 388 | — | 388 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Exercise of stock options | 65 | 1 | — | — | 749 | — | — | 750 | — | 750 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Balance at May 31, 2015 | 28,703 | $ | 287 | — | $ | — | $ | 208,064 | $ | 57,581 | $ | (21,113 | ) | $ | 244,819 | $ | 193 | $ | 245,012 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Net income | — | — | — | — | — | 24,654 | — | 24,654 | (4 | ) | 24,650 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Other comprehensive income, net of tax | — | — | — | — | — | — | 1,014 | 1,014 | (64 | ) | 950 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Share-based payments | — | — | — | — | 6,394 | — | — | 6,394 | — | 6,394 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Net settlement on vesting of restricted stock units | 182 | 2 | — | — | (1,093 | ) | — | — | (1,091 | ) | — | (1,091 | ) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Excess tax benefit from share-based payment compensation | — | — | — | — | (170 | ) | — | — | (170 | ) | — | (170 | ) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Exercise of stock options | 55 | 1 | — | — | 542 | — | — | 543 | — | 543 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Balance at May 31, 2016 | 28,940 | $ | 290 | — | $ | — | $ | 213,737 | $ | 82,235 | $ | (20,099 | ) | $ | 276,163 | $ | 125 | $ | 276,288 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Net income | — | — | — | — | — | 9,568 | — | 9,568 | 43 | 9,611 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Other comprehensive loss, net of tax | — | — | — | — | — | — | (9,625 | ) | (9,625 | ) | (6 | ) | (9,631 | ) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Share-based payments | — | — | — | — | 4,627 | — | — | 4,627 | — | 4,627 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Net settlement on vesting of restricted stock units | 212 | 2 | — | — | (2,325 | ) | — | — | (2,323 | ) | — | (2,323 | ) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Excess tax benefit from share-based payment compensation | — | — | — | — | 568 | — | — | 568 | — | 568 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Purchase of treasury stock | — | (420 | ) | (9,000 | ) | — | — | — | (9,000 | ) | — | (9,000 | ) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Exercise of stock options | 65 | — | — | — | 604 | — | — | 604 | — | 604 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Balance at December 31, 2016 | 29,217 | $ | 292 | (420 | ) | $ | (9,000 | ) | $ | 217,211 | $ | 91,803 | — | $ | (29,724 | ) | $ | 270,582 | $ | 162 | $ | 270,744 | Balance at December 31, 2016 | 29,217 | $ | 292 | (420) | $ | (9,000) | $ | 217,211 | $ | 91,803 | $ | (29,724) | $ | 270,582 | $ | 162 | $ | 270,744 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Net loss | — | — | — | — | — | (2,175 | ) | — | (2,175 | ) | 7 | (2,168 | ) | Net loss | — | — | — | — | — | (2,175) | — | (2,175) | 7 | (2,168) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Other comprehensive income, net of tax | — | — | — | — | — | — | 12,919 | 12,919 | 4 | 12,923 | Other comprehensive income, net of tax | — | — | — | — | — | — | 12,919 | 12,919 | 4 | 12,923 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Share-based payments | — | — | — | — | 6,588 | — | — | 6,588 | — | 6,588 | Share-based payments | — | — | — | — | 6,588 | — | — | 6,588 | — | 6,588 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Net settlement on vesting of restricted stock units | 187 | 2 | — | — | (1,649 | ) | — | — | (1,647 | ) | — | (1,647 | ) | Net settlement on vesting of restricted stock units | 187 | 2 | — | — | (1,649) | — | — | (1,647) | — | (1,647) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Retirement of treasury stock | (1,146 | ) | (12 | ) | 1,146 | 24,923 | — | (24,911 | ) | — | — | — | — | Retirement of treasury stock | (1,146) | (12) | 1,146 | 24,923 | — | (24,911) | — | — | — | — | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Purchase of treasury stock | — | — | (726 | ) | (15,923 | ) | — | — | — | (15,923 | ) | — | (15,923 | ) | Purchase of treasury stock | — | — | (726) | (15,923) | — | — | — | (15,923) | — | (15,923) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Exercise of stock options | 37 | — | — | — | 275 | — | — | 275 | — | 275 | Exercise of stock options | 37 | — | — | — | 275 | — | — | 275 | — | 275 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Balance at December 31, 2017 | 28,295 | $ | 282 | — | $ | — | $ | 222,425 | — | $ | 64,717 | — | $ | (16,805 | ) | $ | 270,619 | $ | 173 | — | $ | 270,792 | Balance at December 31, 2017 | 28,295 | $ | 282 | — | $ | — | $ | 222,425 | $ | 64,717 | $ | (16,805) | $ | 270,619 | $ | 173 | $ | 270,792 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Net income | Net income | — | — | — | — | — | 6,836 | — | 6,836 | 9 | 6,845 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Other comprehensive income, net of tax | Other comprehensive income, net of tax | — | — | — | — | — | — | (10,752) | (10,752) | (5) | (10,757) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Share-based payments | Share-based payments | 243 | 3 | — | — | 6,106 | — | — | 6,109 | — | 6,109 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Net settlement on vesting of restricted stock units | Net settlement on vesting of restricted stock units | — | — | — | — | (2,188) | — | — | (2,188) | — | (2,188) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Exercise of stock options | Exercise of stock options | 25 | — | — | — | 273 | — | — | 273 | — | 273 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Balance at December 31, 2018 | Balance at December 31, 2018 | 28,563 | $ | 285 | — | $ | — | $ | 226,616 | $ | 71,553 | $ | (27,557) | $ | 270,897 | $ | 177 | $ | 271,074 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Net income | Net income | — | — | — | — | — | 6,060 | — | 6,060 | 20 | 6,080 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Other comprehensive income, net of tax | Other comprehensive income, net of tax | — | — | — | — | — | — | 6,272 | 6,272 | 3 | 6,275 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Share-based payments | Share-based payments | 30 | — | — | — | 5,759 | — | — | 5,759 | — | 5,759 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Net settlement of options and restricted stock units | Net settlement of options and restricted stock units | 349 | 4 | — | — | (3,202) | — | — | (3,198) | — | (3,198) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Exercise of stock options | Exercise of stock options | 3 | — | — | — | 32 | — | — | 32 | — | 32 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Balance at December 31, 2019 | Balance at December 31, 2019 | 28,945 | $ | 289 | — | $ | — | $ | 229,205 | $ | 77,613 | $ | (21,285) | $ | 285,822 | $ | 200 | $ | 286,022 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||