UNITED STATES

SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION

WASHINGTON, DC 20549

FORM 10-K

Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(g) of the Act: None

Indicate by check mark if the registrant is a well-known seasoned issuer, as defined in Rule 405 of the Securities Act.

Yes ☐ No ☒

Indicate by check mark if the registrant is not required to file reports pursuant to Section 13 or Section 15(d) of the Act.

Yes ☐ No ☒

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days.

Yes ☒ No ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically and posted on its corporate Web site, if any, every Interactive Data File required to be submitted and posted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (Section 232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit and post such files). Yes ☒ No ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer or a smaller reporting company. See the definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer” and “smaller reporting company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act (check one):

If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act. ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has filed a report on and attestation to its management’s assessment of the effectiveness of its internal control over financial reporting under Section 404(b) of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act (15 U.S.C. 7262(b)) by the registered public accounting firm that prepared or issued its audit report. ☐ 

If securities are registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act, indicate by check mark whether the financial statements of the registrant included in the filing reflect the correction of an error to previously issued financial statements. ☐

Indicate by check mark whether any of those error corrections are restatements that required a recovery analysis of incentive-based compensation received by any of the registrant’s executive officers during the relevant recovery period pursuant to §240.10D-1(b). ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act).

Yes ☐ No ☒

The aggregate market value of shares of common stock held by non-affiliates of the registrant on March 31, 20212023 was 12,943,370107,292,755 x $1.27$0.42 = $16,438,080.$45,062,957.

The number of shares outstanding of the registrant’s common stock as of December 22, 202115, 2023 was 114,100,455.109,092,402.

TABLE OF CONTENTS

PART I

Forward Looking Statements

This Annual Report on Form 10-K includes forward-looking statements within the meaning of Section 27A of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, and Section 21E of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the “Exchange Act”). The Company has based these forward-looking statements on the Company’s current expectations and projections about future events. These forward-looking statements are subject to known and unknown risks, uncertainties and assumptions about us and the Company’s subsidiaries that may cause the Company’s actual results, levels of activity, performance or achievements to be materially different from any future results, levels of activity, performance or achievements expressed or implied by such forward-looking statements. In some cases, you can identify forward-looking statements by terminology such as “may,” “will,” “should,” “could,” “would,” “expect,” “plan,” “anticipate,” “believe,” “estimate,” “continue” or the negative of such terms or other similar expressions. Factors that might cause or contribute to such a material difference include, but are not limited to, those discussed elsewhere in this Annual Report, including the section entitled “Risk Factors” and the risks discussed in the Company’s other Securities and Exchange Commission filings. The following discussion should be read in conjunction with the Company’s audited Financial Statements and related Notes thereto included elsewhere in this report.

Item 1. Business 

General

GEE Group Inc. (the "Company", "us", "our"“Company,” “us,” “our” or "we"“we”) was incorporated in the State of Illinois in 1962 and is the successor to employment offices doing business since 1893. We are a provider of human resources solutions which primarily include the provision of temporary and permanent personnel in the professional and industrial services sectors to customers located throughoutin the United Sates. We, through our operating subsidiaries, deliver our services from a network of four virtual locations and 26 branch office locations located in or near several major U.S. cities, including, but not limited to,to: Atlanta, Dallas, Denver, and Miami.

The Company has several subsidiary corporations all of which are wholly owned and consolidated under GEE Group Inc. Our material operating subsidiaries include Access Data Consulting Corporation, Agile Resources, Inc., BMCH, Inc., Paladin Consulting, Inc., Scribe Solutions, Inc., SNI Companies, Inc., Triad Logistics, Inc., and Triad Personnel Services, Inc. In addition, we and our operating subsidiaries own and operate under other trade names, including Accounting Now, Ashley Ellis, Staffing Now®, SNI Banking, SNI Certes®, SNI Energy®, SNI Financial®, SNI Technology®, GEE Group (Columbus), General Employment, Omni One and Triad Staffing.

Services Provided

We provide our services to a broad range of customers from small and medium-sized businesses to the Fortune 1000. Our services include the provision of highly specialized contract or permanently placed professionals in several verticals, including IT, engineering, accounting and finance, office support, and specialized contract healthcare professionals, including scribes who specialize in EMRelectronic medical record (“EMR”) services for emergency departments, specialty physician practices and clinics. We also provide temporary staffing services in the light industrial (blue collar) areas.

Our contract and placement services are principally provided under two operating divisions or segments: Professional Staffing Services and Industrial Staffing Services.

Our operating subsidiaries and end markets served under each of its operating divisions are as follows:

Professional Division

Industrial Division

The percentage of revenues derived from each of the Company’s direct hire and contract services lines are as follows:

Business Strategy

Our business strategy is multi-dimensional and encompasses both organic growth and growth through strategic acquisitions. Since 2015, the Company has completed four acquisitions, the most recent of which was SNI, which to date has been its largest. The main tenants of our strategy are to:

Grow Organically By:to grow organically by:

Growth Through Strategic Acquisitions:

We have historically grown significantlySince 2015, a significant portion of our growth has been achieved through acquisitions of complementary businesses. We intend to continue to expand our business through strategic acquisitions, subject to our business plans and management’s ability to identify, acquire and develop suitable acquisition or investment targets in both new and existing service categories. Along with our significant business growth to date, we have built a robust platform with the appropriate infrastructure and scalability, which we believe is necessary to assimilate acquisitions.

We continue to explore opportunities for potential acquisitions in the fragmented staffing industry. Our acquisition strategy includes, but is not limited to, targeting companies or transactions that we believe may have one or more of the following characteristics:

Marketing

We market our staffing services using our corporate and trade names in our respective vertical markets. As of September 30, 2021,2023, we operated from locations in eleven (11) states, including twenty-six (26) branch offices in downtown or suburban areas of major U.S. cities in eleven (11) states and four (4) additional U.S. locations utilizing local staff members working remotely serving four (4) additional U.S. locations.remotely. We have offices or serve markets remotely, as follows; (i) one office in each of Connecticut, Georgia,Illinois, Minnesota, and New Jersey, and one remote local market presence in Virginia; (ii) two offices each in IllinoisGeorgia and Massachusetts; (iii) three offices in Colorado; (iv) two offices and two additional local market presences in Texas; (v) fivesix offices and twoone additional local market presencespresence in Florida; and (vi) seven offices in Ohio.

We market our staffing services to prospective clients primarily through the use of the internet, specialty brands and corporate websites, digital direct mail campaigns, publishing annual electronic and widely distributed salary guides, advertising in tech, HR and accounting publications, attendance and booth displays at specialty trade shows, participation and membership in chambers of commerce the SIM, Women in Technology and other business organizations, and support for our employees’’ philanthropic activities, telephone marketing by ouractivities. Our sales consultants and business development managers also engage in telephone marketing using our CRM tools to identify prospects, and through the mailing of tailored employment bulletins which list highly-skilled candidates available for placement and contract employees available for assignment.

There was no customer that represented more than 10% of the Company’s consolidated revenue in fiscal 20212023 or fiscal 2020.2022.

Competition

The staffing industry is highly fragmented with a multitude of competitors. There are relatively few barriers to entry by firms offering direct hire placement and staff augmentation services although significant amounts of working capital typically are required to fund the payroll of temporary workers for businesses providing contract staffing services. New entrants to the staffing industry are constantly introduced to the marketplace. Our competitors include sole-proprietorship operations, local and regional firms as well as national organizations. In the U.S., large national firms have annual revenue of approximately $100 million and up to $10 billion. RegionalLocal and regional firms’ yearly revenuesrevenue can range from $10one to several million dollars or more. The largest portion of the marketplace is the bottom layer of this competitive landscape consistingconsists of small, individual-sized or family-run operations. With low barriers to entry, sole proprietorships and smaller entities routinely enter the staffing industry. Many competitors are larger corporations with substantially greater resources than ours; however, as described below, we believe we are able to compete successfully in the verticals and end markets in which it operates.we operate.

Our professional and industrial staffing services compete effectively by providing highly qualified candidates who are well matched for the position, by developing and maintaining outstanding client relationships on a local level, by responding quickly to client requests, and by establishing offices and presences in convenient locations. As part of our services, we provide professional reference checking, scrutiny of candidates’ work experience and optional custom background checks. In general, we believe that a positive client experience is most important, and pricing often is secondary to quality of service as a competitive factor. During slow hiring periods, however, competition can put pressure on our pricing andpricing; however, we believe we are able to effectively compete on price in such situations.

Our Competitive Strengths

We believe that we are able to compete effectively in the staffing industry because we have:

Recruiting

The success of our services is highly dependent on our ability to recruit and retain qualified candidates. Prospective employment candidates are generally recruited through job postings and contact made electronically using various internet tools as well as telephone contact by our employment consultants. For internet postings, we maintain our corporate web page at www.geegroup.com and our specialty brand web pages in addition to extensive use of internet job posting bulletin board services. We also maintain database records of applicants’ skills through our ATS to assist in matching applicant skills with job openings and contract assignments. We generally screen, interview and, in many cases background check, all applicants who are presented to our clients.

Industry Overview

The staffing industry is divided into three major segments: temporary staffing services, professional employer organizations (“PEOs”) and placement agencies. Temporary staffing services provide workers for limited periods, often to substitute for absent permanent workers or to help during periods of peak demand. These workers, who are often employees of the temporary staffing agency, will generally fill clerical, technical, or industrial positions. PEOs, sometimes referred to as employee leasing agencies, contract to provide workers to customers for specific functions, often related to human resource management. In many cases, a customer’s employees are hired by a PEO and then contracted back to the customer. Placement agencies, sometimes referred to as executive recruiters or headhunters, find workers to fill permanent positions at customer companies. These agencies may specialize in placing senior managers, mid-level managers, technical workers, or clerical and other support workers.

Our business is mainly that of a temporary staffing company within the broader staffing industry, however, we also offer and provide permanent placement services in our Professional Staffing Services segment. We employ the substantial portion of our staff members we place on temporary assignments with our clients. In addition to assisting our clients in managing peaks and valleys in their staffing needs, the temporary workers we place come in the form of a broader human resources management solution. That is, our clients do not bear the usual employment risks and compliance burdens associated with our temporary workers; instead, we retain these costs and risks as the employer of record. We believe this is a significant value add for our temporary staffing clients.

Staffing companies identify potential candidates through online advertising and referrals, and interview, test and counsel workers before sending them to the customer for approval. Pre-employment screening can include skills assessment and reference checking, as well as drug tests and criminal background checks. The personnel staffing industry has been radically changed by the internet. Many employers list available positions with one or several internet personnel sites, such as those offered by firms like Monster or CareerBuilder, and on their own websites. Personnel agencies operate their own sites and often still work as intermediaries by helping employers accurately describe job openings and by screening candidates who submit applications.

Major end-use customers include businesses from virtually all industries. Marketing involves direct sales presentations, referrals from existing clients and advertising. Agencies compete both for customers and workers. Depending on market supply and demand at any given time, agencies may allocate more resources either to finding potential employers or potential workers. Permanent placement agencies work either on a retained or on a contingency basis. Clients may retain an agency for a specific job search or on contract for a specific period. Temporary staffing services charge customers a fixed price per hour or a standard markup on prevailing hourly rates.

For many staffing companies, including ours, demand is lower late in the fourth calendar quarter and early in the first calendar quarter, partly because of holidays, and is higher during the rest of the year. Staffing companies may have high receivables from customers. Temporary staffing agencies and PEOs must manage a high cash flow because they funnelmake payroll payments fromto their employees on behalf of client employers. Cash flow imbalances also occur because agencies must pay workers even if they have not been paid by clients.

The revenue of staffing companies depends on the number of jobs they fill, which in turn can depend upon the economic environment. During economic slowdowns, many client companies may slow down or stop hiring altogether. During the recent COVID-19 pandemic, many client companies closed their businesses and stopped hiring or contracting employees. Internet employment sites expand a Company’s ability to find workers without the help of traditional agencies. Staffing companies often work as intermediaries, helping employers accurately describe job openings and screen candidates. Increasing the use of sophisticated, automated job description and candidate screening tools could make many traditional functions of personnel agencies obsolete. Free social networking sites such as LinkedIn and Facebook are also becoming a common way for recruiters and employees to connect without the assistance of a staffing agency.

To avoid large placement agency fees, big companies may use in-house personnel staff, current employee referrals, or human resources consulting companies to find and hire new personnel. Because placement agencies typically charge a fee based on a percentage of the first year’s salary of a new worker, companies with many jobs to fill have a financial incentive to avoid use of agencies.

Many staffing companies are small and may depend heavily on a big customer for a large portion of revenue. Large customer concentration may lead to increased revenue, but also expose agencies to higher risks. When major accounts experience financial hardships, and have less need for temporary employment services, agencies stand to lose large portions of revenue.

The loss of a staff member who handles a large volume of business may result in a large loss of revenue for a staffing company. Individual staff members, rather than the staffing company itself, often develop strong relationships with customers. Non-compete agreements are commonly used by staffing companies, however, staff members who move to another staffing company are often able to work around terms and conditions of their non-compete agreements and move customers with them.

Some of the best opportunities for temporary employment are in industries traditionally active in seasonal cycles, such as manufacturing, construction, wholesale and retail. However, seasonal demand for workers also creates cash flow fluctuations throughout the year.

Staffing companies are subject to regulations promulgated by the U.S. Department of Labor and the Equal Employment Opportunity Commission, and often by state authorities. Many federal anti-discrimination rules regulate the type of information that employment firms can request from candidates or provide to customers about candidates. In addition, the relationship between the agency and its temporary employees, or its employee candidates may not always be clear, resulting in legal and regulatory uncertainty.

Trends in the Staffing Business

Start-up costs for a staffing company can be relatively low. Individual offices can be profitable and consolidation is driven by opportunities for large or growing agencies to develop national relationships with big customers or build resources and scale for future growth. Some agencies expand by starting new offices in promising markets, others prefer to buy existing independent offices with proven staff and an existing customer roster, while still others focus on both.

At some companies, temporary workers have become such a large part of the workforce that staffing company employees sometimes work at the customer’s site to recruit, train, and manage temporary employees. Staffing companies try to match the best qualified employees for the customer’s needs, but often provide additional training specific to that company, such as instruction in the use of proprietary software.

Some personnel consulting firms and human resource departments use psychological tests to evaluate potential job candidates. In addition to more comprehensive background checks, headhunters often check the credit history of prospective employees.

We believe the trends of outsourcing entire departments and dependence on temporary and leased workers will continue to expand creating opportunities for staffing companies. Taking advantage of their in-house expertise in assessing worker capabilities, some staffing companies manage their clients’ entire human resource functions. Human resources outsourcing (“HRO”) may include management of personnel and payroll administration, tax filings, and benefit administration services. HRO may also include recruitment process outsourcing (“RPO”), whereby an agency manages all recruitment activities for a client.

New online technology is improving staffing efficiency. For example, some online applications coordinate workflow for staffing agencies, their clients and temporary workers, and allow agencies and customers to share work order requests, submit and track candidates, approve timesheets and expenses, and run reports. Interaction between candidates and potential employers is increasingly being handled online.

Initially viewed as rivals, some Internet job-search companies and traditional employment agencies are now collaborating. While some Internet sites do not allow agencies to use their services to post jobs or look through resumes, others find that agencies are their biggest customers, earning the sites a large percentage of their revenue. Some staffing companies contract to help client employers find workers online.

Most recently, the onset of theThe COVID-19 pandemic has caused staffing companies to significantly rethink and alter their operations and, in some cases, even their fundamental business models. Staffing companies already have played a prominent, if not leading, role in recent new workplace trends, including flexible scheduling and remote work arrangements, as two significant examples. A natural result of the shutdowns, quarantines, social distancing and other COVID-19 guidelines is reinforcement of these types of newer workplace trends.trends in many cases. Therefore, we expect that even as the threat of COVID-19 lessens,has substantially lessened, these workplace trends are likely to continue on and occupy a permanent place going forward.

Most recently, the staffing industry overall has experienced a material decline in business during 2023, following record or near record performance in 2022. Staffing Industry Analysts (“SIA”), a leading industry trade organization, recently published in its September 2023 Industry Forecast update, that the U.S. Staffing Industry is expected to decline by 10% in 2023. The SIA report cites forecasted declines in virtually all professional and industrial or commercial verticals. The identified causes vary within different verticals and scenarios, with the overall level of uncertainties that persist in the U.S. and global economies and labor markets receiving significant mention. Other cited causes of the decline particularly in light industrial and administrative and clerical markets are the rise of new B2C trends, such as Uber and DoorDash, and, in other markets, “side gigs” that offer potential candidates alternative opportunities and increased competition for recruiters.

Employees

As of September 30, 2021,2023, the Company had approximately 271251 regular employees and the number of contract service employees varied monthweek to monthweek during fiscal 2021,2023, from a minimum of approximately 2,1261,530 to a maximum of 2,434.1,996.

Our Corporate Information

We were incorporated in the State of Illinois in 1962 and are the successor to employment offices doing business since 1893. Our principal executive offices are located at 7751 Belfort Parkway, Suite 150, Jacksonville, Florida 32256, and our telephone number at that location is (630) 954-0400.(904) 512-7501.

Available Public Information

We file annual reports on Form 10-K, quarterly reports on Form 10-Q, current reports on Form 8-K, proxy and information statements and amendments to reports filed or furnished pursuant to Sections 13(a), 14 and 15(d) of the Exchange Act. The public may obtain these filings at the Securities and Exchange Commission (the “SEC”) Public Reference Room at 100 F Street, NE, Washington DC 20549 or by calling the SEC at 1-800-SEC-0330. The SEC also maintains a website at http//www.sec.gov that contains reports, proxy and information statements, and other information regarding the Company and other companies that file material with the SEC electronically. Copies of the Company’s reports can be obtained, free of charge, electronically through our internet website, http//www.geegroup.com. Information on the Company’s website is not incorporated in this report by the foregoing reference.

Item 1A. Risk Factors.

WETHE U.S. ECONOMY CURRENTLY IS BEING NEGATIVELY IMPACTED BY HISTORICALLY SIGNIFICANT INFLATION, A LOOMING RESCESSION, AND DISRUPTIONS IN SUPPLY AND THE WORKFORCE; RECENT GLOBAL SOCIOECONOMIC TRENDS, INCLUDING THE WAR IN UKRAINE AND U.S. RELATIONS WITH CERTAIN FOREIGN POWERS MAY HAVE EXPERIENCED LOSSES FROM OPERATIONS INA FURTHER ADVERSE EFFECT ON THE PASTU.S. ECONOMY AND MAY NOT BE PROFITABLE IN THE FUTURE.OUR BUSINESS.

The U.S. and larger global economies experienced historically high inflation during 2022, which continued into 2023. The Federal Reserve and other Central Banks already have raised interest rates more aggressively and to their highest levels in decades. As a result, the prospect for a recession is considered by many to be likely. Some sources have declared that the U.S. already has experienced a recession. Consumer prices, including basic costs of food, fuel, utilities, healthcare, mortgage and personal loan rates, and other non-discretionary and discretionary consumer items have risen significantly. Wages are up, however, increases in wages have lagged price inflation resulting in a net decline in real personal incomes relative to consumer spending. Volatility continues to exist in the workforce making it more difficult and costly for employers to recruit, hire and/or retain workers. U.S. unemployment remains relatively low, however the labor utilization rate and ratio of workers to the total population also remain low. Shortages in the workforce are a significant factor in supply shortages relative to demand and also help fuel inflation. On the global stage, two wars are now being waged, the first led by the invasion of Ukraine by Russia, and the second, following the recent invasion of Israel by Hamas terrorists. These and overtures by China over Taiwan and the South China Sea, also add instability to the uncertainty driving socioeconomic forces, which in turn, impact the Company’s and its subsidiaries’ operations.

The present conditions and state of our U.S. and global economies make it difficult to predict the extent to which a recession has occurred or will occur or worsen in the near future, and we and other members of the U.S. Staffing Industry already have seen significant declines in business in 2023. In the event of recurring or worsening conditions, in which the U.S. economy remains uncertain or contracts, we expect that our business will continue to be negatively impacted, accordingly. The Company has experienced net lossestaken significant actions to shore up its resources and means in certainorder to mitigate the negative effects of its recent fiscal years.  Possible consequences of recurring net losses include, but are not limitedeconomic downturns; however, should economic conditions remain uncertain or worsen in the future, one may expect either scenario to negative cash flows, asset impairments, defaults undercontinue to have an adverse effect on the Company’s debt agreements, and possibly, the inabilitybusiness of the Company to continue operating as a going concern.  Amongand its subsidiaries.

THE NEGATIVE EFFECTS OF THE CORONAVIRUS PANDEMIC AND ITS SUBSEQUENT VARIANTS, CARES ACT REQUIREMENTS, AND TRENDS IN THE FINANCIAL MARKETS COULD ADVERSELY AFFECT OUR BUSINESS, LIQUIDITY AND FINANCIAL RESULTS.

Recent global socioeconomic conditions, including the consequencesnegative effects of the Coronavirus Pandemic (“COVID-19”), and disruption of financial markets, severely affected our business and results of operations during fiscal 2020 and, although to a lesser extent, fiscal 2021. The negative effects initially limited our access to credit or equity capital, our ability to refinance debt and disrupted ours and our clients’ businesses. In fiscal 2021 and 2022, we were able to regain reasonable access to credit and equity capital markets, but also have continued to experience some lingering negative effects on our business operations in certain markets. 

The operations and liquidity of our operating subsidiaries were severely impacted by COVID-19. As a result and out of necessity, in fiscal 2020, we applied for and obtained financial relief in the form of funds received in exchange for promissory notes issued by the U.S. Small Business Administration (“SBA”) and U.S. Treasury under the Payroll Protection Program of the CARES Act (“PPP loans”). The Company and eight of its operating subsidiaries received PPP loans, totaling $19,927 thousand, and have since applied for and received forgiveness of their respective PPP loans from the SBA. The forgiveness of these loans, including their respective accrued and unpaid interest amounts, have been recognized by eliminating them from the Company’s consolidated balance sheets with corresponding gains in consolidated net losses experienced,income in fiscal 2021 and 2022.

The former PPP loans obtained by GEE Group Inc., and its operating subsidiaries together as an affiliated group, exceeded the Company was$2 million audit threshold established by the SBA, and therefore, will be subject to audit by the SBA in the future. If any of the nine forgiven PPP loans are reinstated in whole or in part as the result of a future audit, a charge or charges would be incurred, accordingly, and they would need to be repaid. If the companies are unable to repay the portions of their PPP loans that ultimately may be reinstated from available liquidity or operating cash flow, we may be required to obtain amendments and waivers for missed covenants under its former senior revolving credit, term loan and security agreement.  Management has taken definitive actionsraise additional equity or debt capital to improve operations, reduce costs, improve operating profitability, and positionrepay the Company for future growth.  As of September 30, 2021, the Company had extinguished all of its former senior and subordinated debt and mezzanine preferred stock financing totaling over $100 million, in aggregate, reduced its interest expense and fees by approximately $12 million annually, and thereby improved its net cash flow and overall financial profile. However, other risk factors, including those described elsewhere herein and which include some risks that are outside the Company’s control, could also cause the Company to experience net losses in the future.PPP loans.

THE TERMS OF OUR SENIOR BANK ASSET BACKED LOAN AGREEMENT MAY PLACE SOME RESTRICTIONS ON OUR OPERATING AND FINANCIAL FLEXIBILITY, AND FAILURE TO COMPLY WITH COVENANTS OR TO SATISFY CERTAIN CONDITIONS OF THE AGREEMENT MAY RESULT IN ACCELERATION OF OUR REPAYMENT OBLIGATIONS, WHICH COULD HARM OUR LIQUIDITY, FINANCIAL CONDITION, OPERATING RESULTS, BUSINESS AND PROSPECTS AND CAUSE THE PRICE OF OUR SECURITIES TO DECLINE.

GEE Group Inc. and its subsidiaries, Agile Resources, Inc., Access Data Consulting Corporation, BMCH, Inc., GEE Group Portfolio, Inc., Paladin Consulting, Inc., Scribe Solutions, Inc., SNI Companies, Inc., Triad Personnel Services, Inc., and Triad Logistics, Inc. are co-borrowers under a Loan, Security and Guaranty Agreement for a $20 million asset-based senior secured revolving credit facility with CIT Bank, N.A. (the “CIT Facility”). The CIT Facility is collateralized by 100% of the assets of the Company and its subsidiaries who are co-borrowers and/or guarantors. The CIT Facility matures on the fifth anniversary of the closing date (May 14, 2026). The CIT Facility contains some restrictions and limitations that might inhibit our ability to engage in certain activities and transactions that may otherwise be in our long-term best interests. The affirmative and negative covenants contained in the Credit Agreement that may adversely affect our ability to operate our business include covenants that limit and restrict, among other things, our ability to incur additional indebtedness, transfer or sell certain assets, issue stock of subsidiaries, pay dividends on, repurchase or make distributions with respect to our capital stock or make other restricted payments, incur or permit liens or other encumbrances on assets, make certain investments, loans and advances, acquire other businesses, merge, consolidate, sell or otherwise dispose of all or substantially all of our assets, enter into certain transactions with our affiliates and amend certain agreements, without amendment of the CIT facility or the express approval of CIT Bank. Under the CIT Facility, advances are subject to a borrowing base formula based on 85% of eligible accounts receivable of the Company and subsidiaries, as defined, and subject to certain other criteria, conditions, and applicable reserves, including any additional eligibility requirements as determined by the administrative agent. Although the stated face amount of the CIT Facility is $20 million, the borrowing base formula significantly limits amounts available for us to borrow.

The CIT Facility also contains customary events of default, including, among others, payment default, bankruptcy events, cross-default, breaches of covenants and representations and warranties, change of control and judgment defaults. A breach of any of these covenants could result in default under our Credit Agreement, which could prompt the lenders to declare all amounts outstanding under the Credit Agreement to be immediately due and payable and terminate all commitments to extend further credit. In addition, a breach of the Credit Agreement would cause a cross-default of certain other indebtedness. If we were unable to repay those amounts, the lenders could proceed against the collateral granted to them to secure that indebtedness. If the lenders under the Credit Agreement accelerate the repayment of borrowings, we cannot ensure that we will have sufficient assets and funds to repay the borrowings under the Credit Agreement and our other indebtedness. An acceleration of our outstanding indebtedness could have serious consequences to our financial condition, operating results, and business, and could cause us to become insolvent or enter bankruptcy proceedings.

RECENT GLOBAL SOCIOECONOMIC TRENDS, INCLUDING THE NEGATIVE EFFECTS OF THE CORONAVIRUS PANDEMIC, CARES ACT REQUIREMENTS, AND TRENDS IN THE FINANCIAL MARKETS COULD ADVERSELY AFFECT OUR BUSINESS, LIQUIDITY AND FINANCIAL RESULTS.

Recent global socioeconomic conditions, including the negative effects of the Coronavirus Pandemic (“COVID-19”), and disruption of financial markets, severely affected our business and results of operations during fiscal 2020 and, although to a lesser extent, fiscal 2021. The negative effects initially limited our access to credit or equity capital, our ability to refinance debt and disrupted ours and our clients’ businesses. In fiscal 2021, we were able to regain reasonable access to credit and equity capital markets, but did continue to experience some disruptions in our business operations in certain markets.

Due to these disruptions, the operations and liquidity of our operating subsidiaries were negatively impacted by COVID-19, and as a result and out of necessity, in fiscal 2020, we were able to obtain financial relief in the form of funds received in exchange for promissory notes issued by the U.S. Small Business Administration (“SBA”) and U.S. Treasury under the Payroll Protection Program of the CARES Act (“PPP loans”). The nine (9) promissory notes had an aggregate face amount of $19.9 million, with interest at 1% per annum and are unsecured. The CARES Act PPP loans and related accrued interest are eligible for forgiveness by the SBA, in whole or in part, based upon the usage of the proceeds for costs and expenses determined by the SBA to be allowable and eligible. Allowable costs and expenses, as defined by the SBA, broadly include payroll and certain payroll related expenses, lease costs, utilities, and interest on business mortgage loans. Allowable costs and expenses that are eligible for forgiveness include those incurred during the covered periods, as defined, after certain specified limitations and reductions based on changes in compensation and headcount levels during the covered periods, as defined.

All nine of the Company’s operating subsidiaries (the Company and 8 of its operating subsidiaries) applied for forgiveness of their respective PPP loans having incurred adequate allowable expenses eligible for the use of loan proceeds and forgiveness, accordingly. Five (5) of the Company’s operating subsidiaries: Scribe Solutions, Inc., Triad Logistics, Inc., Access Data Consulting Corporation, Agile Resources, Inc., and Triad Personnel Services, Inc. had been fully forgiven by the SBA through September 30, 2021. On December 14, 2021, the Company received formal notification that the remaining four (4) operating subsidiaries’ PPP loans were fully forgiven by the SBA, including 100% of their respective outstanding principal and interest. The outstanding principal and accrued interest balances of these remaining PPP loans, one each for GEE Group Inc., BMCH, Inc., Paladin Consulting, Inc., and SNI Companies, Inc., in the aggregate amount of $16.7 million, are included in the Company’s current liabilities as of September 30, 2021, in the accompanying consolidated balance sheet. The forgiveness of these four loans will be recorded in the Company’s first fiscal quarter of the 2022 fiscal year ending December 31, 2021, by eliminating them from the consolidated balance sheet with corresponding gains in income.

The PPP loans obtained by GEE Group Inc., as a public company, and some of its operating subsidiaries, together as an affiliated group, have exceeded the $2 million audit threshold established by the SBA, and therefore, also will be subject to audit by the SBA in the future.  If any of the nine forgiven PPP loans are reinstated in whole or in part as the result of a future audit, a charge or charges would be incurred, accordingly, and they would need to be repaid.   If the companies are unable to repay the portions of their PPP loans that ultimately might be reinstated from available liquidity or operating cash flow, they may be required to raise additional equity or debt capital to repay the PPP loans.

IF WE ARE UNABLE TO GENERATE OR BORROW SUFFICIENT CASH TO MAKE PAYMENTS ON OUR INDEBTEDNESS OUR FINANCIAL CONDITION WOULD BE MATERIALLY HARMED, OUR BUSINESS COULD FAIL AND OUR SHAREHOLDERS MAY LOSE ALL OF THEIR INVESTMENT.

Our ability to make scheduled payments on or to refinance our obligations will depend onis dependent upon our financial and operating performance, which will beis affected by economic, financial, competitive, business, and other factors, some of which are beyond our control. While we believe we will be able to meet our liquidity requirements for the foreseeable future and for at least the next twelve months, we cannot assure you that our business will generate sufficient cash flow from operations to service our indebtedness or to fund our other liquidity needs. If we are unable to meet our debt obligations or fund our other liquidity needs, we may need to restructure or refinance all or a portion of our indebtedness on or before maturity. We cannot assure you that we will be able to restructure or refinance any of our indebtedness on commercially reasonable terms, if at all, which could cause us to default on our debt obligations and impair our liquidity. Any refinancing of our indebtedness could be at higher interest rates and may require us to comply with more onerous covenants, which could further restrict our business operations.

THE COMPANY HAS MATERIAL INTANGIBLE ASSETS, INCLUDING GOODWILL, CUSTOMER LISTS, TRADEMARKS AND TRADENAMES. THESE ASSETS ARE SUBJECT TO IMPAIRMENT RISKS, WHICH COULD RESULT IN FUTURE MATERIAL IMPAIRMENT CHARGES TO INCOME AND NEGATIVELY IMPACTING THE FUTURE OPERATING RESULTS AND FINANCIAL POSITION OF THE COMPANY.

The Company is required to evaluate its goodwill annually or when one or more triggering events or circumstances indicate that assets might be impaired. The other long-lived assets, including definite-lived intangible assets, have to be tested for impairment only when triggering events occur or circumstances indicate that these assets might be impaired. As a result, theThe Company has recognized a significant impairmentimpairments of its goodwill, inincluding most recently during the first quarter of its fiscal 2020.year ended September 30, 2022. In testing for impairments, management applies one or more valuation techniques to estimate the fair values of the reporting units, individual assets or groups of individual assets, as required under the circumstances. These valuation techniques rely on assumptions and other factors, such as the estimated future cash flows, the discount rates used to determine the present value of associated cash flows, and the market comparable assumptions. Changes to input assumptions and other factors used or considered in the analysis could result in materially different evaluations of impairment.

The valuation techniques utilized by management, for impairment testing, including estimated future cash flows, fundamentally include the inherent underlying assumption that the economy, the markets served by the Company, and the Company itself, will continue to recover from the COVID-19 pandemic in fiscal 2022 and beyond.grow. In the event the assumptions relied upon by management are not achieved, including assumed future growth rates, as a result of the prolonged impact of COVID-19 pandemic, impairments of goodwill or other long-lived assets could be recorded and such amounts could be material to the consolidated financial statements. A reduction in the projected long-term operating performance of one or both of the Company’s reporting units or other long-lived assets, future market declines, changes in discount rates or other conditions also could result in material impairments in the future. Thus, there can be no assurance that the Company’s goodwill or other long-lived assets will not become impaired in the future.

WE HAVE SIGNIFICANT WORKING CAPITAL NEEDS AND IF WE ARE UNABLE TO SATISFY THOSE NEEDS FROM CASH GENERATED FROM OUR OPERATIONS OR BORROWINGS UNDER OUR DEBT INSTRUMENTS, WE MAY NOT BE ABLE TO CONTINUE OUR OPERATIONS.

We require significant amounts of working capital to operate our business. We often have high receivables from our customers, and as a staffing company, we are prone to cash flow imbalances because we have to fund payroll payments to temporary workers before receiving payments from clients for our services. Cash flow imbalances also occur because we must pay temporary workers even when we have not been paid by our customers. If we experience a significant and sustained drop in operating profits, or if there are unanticipated reductions in cash inflows or increases in cash outlays, we may be subject to cash shortfalls. If such a sustained shortfall were to occur, for even a brief period of time, it maycould have a significantan adverse effect on our business. In particular, we use working capital to payfund expenses relating to our temporary workers and to satisfy our workers’ compensationother operating expenses and liabilities. As a result, we must maintain sufficient cash availability to pay temporary workers and fund related tax liabilities prior to receiving payment from customers.

In addition, our operating results tend to be unpredictable from quarter to quarter. Demand for our services is typically lower during traditional national vacation periods in the United States when customers and candidates are on vacation. No single quarter is predictive of results of future periods. Any extended period of time with low operating results or cash flow imbalances could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition and results of operations.

We derive working capital for our operations through cash generated by our operating activities and borrowings under our debt instruments. If our working capital needs increase in the future, we may be forced to seek additional sources of capital, which may not be available on commercially reasonable terms. The amount we are entitled to borrow under our debt instruments is calculated monthly based on the aggregate value of certain eligible trade accounts receivable generated from our operations, which are affected by financial, business, economic and other factors, as well as by the daily timing of cash collections and cash outflows. The aggregate value of our eligible accounts receivable may not be adequate to allow for borrowings for other corporate purposes, such as capital expenditures or growth opportunities, which could reduce our ability to react to changes in the market or industry conditions.

OUR REVENUE CAN VARY BECAUSE OUR CUSTOMERS CAN TERMINATE THEIR RELATIONSHIP WITH US AT ANY TIME WITH LIMITED OR NO PENALTY.

We focus on providing mid-level professionalsprofessional and light industrial personnel on a temporary assignment-by-assignment basis, which customers can generally terminate at any time or reduce their level of use when compared to prior periods. To avoid large placement agency fees, large companies may use in-house personnel staff, current employee referrals, or human resources consulting companies to find and hire new personnel. Because placement agencies typically chargescharge fees as a mark-up to the hourly pay rate or based on a percentage of the first year’s salary of a new worker, companies with many jobs to fill may have a large financial incentive to avoid agencies.

Our business is also significantly affected by our customers’ hiring needs and their views of their future prospects. Our customers may, on very short notice, terminate, reduce or postpone their recruiting assignments with us and, therefore, affect demand for our services. As a result, a significant number of our customers can terminate their agreements with us at any time, making us particularly vulnerable to a significant decrease in revenue within a short period of time that could be difficult to quickly replace. This could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition and results of operations.

MOST OF OUR CONTRACTS DO NOT OBLIGATE OUR CUSTOMERS TO UTILIZE A SIGNIFICANT AMOUNT OF OUR STAFFING SERVICES AND MAY BE CANCELLED ON LIMITED NOTICE, SO OUR REVENUE STREAM MAY BE INCONSISTENT AND IS NOT GUARANTEED.

Substantially all of our revenue is derived from multi-year contracts that are terminable for convenience of the customer. Under our multi-year agreements, we contract to provide customers with staffing services through work or service orders at the customers’ request. Under these agreements, our customers often have little or no obligation to request our staffing services. In addition, most of our contracts are cancellable on limited notice, even if we are not in default under the contract. We may hire employees permanently to meet anticipated demand for services under these agreements that may ultimately be delayed or cancelled. We could face a significant decline in revenues and our business, financial condition or results of operations could be materially adversely affected if:

IF WE ARE UNABLE TO RETAIN A BROAD GROUP OF EXISTING CUSTOMERS, LOSE ONE OR MORE SIGNIFICANT CUSTOMERS, OR FAIL TO ATTRACT NEW CUSTOMERS, OUR RESULTS OF OPERATIONS COULD SUFFER.

Increasing the growth and profitability of our business is particularly dependent upon our ability to retain existing customers and capture additional customers. Our ability to do so is dependent upon our ability to provide high quality services and offer competitive prices. If we are unable to execute these tasks effectively, we may not be able to attract a significant number of new customers and our existing customer base could decrease, including the loss of a significant customer, either or all of which could have an adverse impact on our revenues.

SUBSTANTIAL ALTERATION OF OUR CURRENT BUSINESS AND REVENUE MODEL COULD HURT SHORT-TERM RESULTS.

Our present business and revenue model represents the currentour view of the optimal business and revenue structure,generation, which is to derive revenues and achieve profitability in the shortest period. There can be no assurance that current models will not be altered significantly or replaced with an alternative model that isone or more alternatives driven by motivations other than near-term revenues and/or profitability (for example, building market share beforeahead of our competitors). Any such alteration or replacement of our current business and revenue model may ultimately result in the deferring of certain revenues in favor of potentially establishing larger market share. We cannot assure that any such adjustment or change in the business and revenue model would prove to be successful whether adopted in response to industry changes or for other reasons.

WE DEPEND ON OUR SENIOR MANAGEMENT TEAM AND THE LOSS OF ONE OR MORE KEY EMPLOYEES OR AN INABILITY TO ATTRACT AND RETAIN HIGHLY SKILLED EMPLOYEES COULD ADVERSELY AFFECT OUR BUSINESS.

Our success depends largely upon the continued services of our executive officers.officers and on certain other mission-critical individual contributors. We rely on our leadership team for the management and oversight of our business operations, including but not limited to, developing and executing our strategy, business and financial planning, research and development, marketing, sales, human resources, client services, finance, and other general and administrative functions, and on mission-critical individual contributors.. From time to time, our executive management team may change from the hiring or departure of executives, which could disrupt our business. We do not have employmentEmployment agreements with our executive officers or other key personnel that require themcontain terms and conditions while employed by us, however, they also continue to be considered “at will” employees and, as such, they are not legally required to continue to work for us for any specified period; therefore, they couldperiod and may terminate their employment with us at any time.time should they choose. The loss of one or more of our executive officers or key employees (including any limitation on the performance of their duties or short term or long-term absences as a result of the COVID-19 pandemic) could have a serious adverse effect on our business.

To execute our growth plan, we must attract and retain highly qualified personnel. Competition for these personnel is intense, especially for experienced software engineers and senior sales executives. If we are unable to attract such personnel in cities where we are located, we may need to hire in other locations, which may add to the complexity and costs of our business operations. We expect to continue to experience difficultychallenges in hiring and retaining employees with appropriate qualifications. Extended stay-at-home, business closure, and other restrictive orders also may be expected to impact our ability to identify, hire, and train new personnel. Many of the companies with which we compete for experienced personnel have greater resources than we have. If we hire employees from competitors or other companies, their former employers may attempt to assert that these employees or we have breached legal obligations, resulting in a diversion of our time and resources. In addition, job candidates and existing employees often consider the value of the stock awards they receive in connection with their employment. If the perceived value of our stock awards declines, it may adversely affect our ability to recruit and retain highly skilled employees. If we fail to attract new personnel or fail to retain and motivate our current personnel, it could adversely affect our business and future growth prospects.

WE DEPEND ON ATTRACTING, INTEGRATING, MANAGING, AND RETAINING QUALIFIED PERSONNEL.

Our success depends upon our ability to attract, integrate, manage and retain personnel who possess the skills and experience necessary to fulfill our clients’ needs. Our ability to hire and retain qualified personnel could be impaired by any diminution of our reputation, decrease in compensation levels relative to our competitors, or modifications to our total compensation philosophy that might be perceived negatively, or aggressive competitor hiring programs. If we cannot attract, hire and retain required qualified personnel, our business, financial condition and results of operations would be negatively impacted. Our future success also depends upon our ability to manage the successful performance of our personnel. Failure to successfully manage the performance of our personnel could affect our profitability by causing operating inefficiencies that could increase operating expenses and reduce operating income.

WE DEPEND ON OUR ABILITY TO ATTRACT AND RETAIN QUALIFIED TEMPORARY WORKERS.

In addition to the members of our own team, our success is substantially dependent on our ability to recruit and retain large numbers of qualified temporary workers who possess the skills and experience necessary to meet the staffing requirements of our customers. We are required to continually evaluate our base of available qualified personnel to keep pace with changing customer needs. Competition for individuals with proven professional skills is intense, and demand for these individuals is expected to remain strong for the foreseeable future.

Since the onset of the COIVD-19 pandemic, the U.S. workforce has not yet fully recovered to employment levels prior to the pandemic. It is presently estimated by some that as many as 11 million former employees that left the U.S. workforce during the pandemic, have not yet re-entered the workforce, or may have re-entered the workforce temporarily. The later volatility in employment, referred to in the media as the “big resignation,” has created challenge to the Company’s and other U.S. staffing firms’ ability to fill placement orders from clients. It is uncertain as of now as to how this trend will ultimately unfold. There can be no assurance that qualified personnel will continue to be available.

WE MAY NOT BE ABLE TO COMPETE EFFECTIVELY WITH OUR EXISTING AND POTENTIAL COMPETITORS.

CompetitionStaffing Industry Analysts, a leading industry trade organization, recently published in its September 2023 Industry Forecast update, that the U.S. Staffing Industry is expected to decline by 10% in 2023. The identified causes vary within different market verticals and scenarios, with the overall level of uncertainties that persist in the market for placementU.S. and staffing services is intense. The Company faces competition from many larger, more established companies. In addition,global economies and labor markets receiving significant mention. Other cited causes of the decline particularly in light industrial and administrative and clerical markets are the rise of new B2C trends, such as Uber and DoorDash, and, in other companies could seekmarkets, “side gigs” that offer alternative opportunities to introduce competing servicespotential employment candidates and increased competition could result in a decrease in the price charged by the Company’s competitors for their services and reduce demand for the Company’s products and services, which would have a material adverse effect on the Company’s business, operating results and financial condition. There can be no assurance that the Company will be able to compete successfully with its existing or potential competitors, which may have substantially greater financial, technical, and marketing resources, longer operating histories, greater name recognition or more established relationships in the industry than the Company. If any of these competitors provides competitive services to the marketplace in the future, the Company cannot be sure that it will have the resources or expertise to compete successfully.amongst recruiters.

WE OPERATE IN AN INTENSELY COMPETITIVE AND RAPIDLY CHANGING BUSINESS ENVIRONMENT, AND THERE IS A SUBSTANTIAL RISK THAT OUR SERVICES COULD BECOME OBSOLETE OR UNCOMPETITIVE.

The markets for our services are highly competitive.competitive and include many larger, more established companies. Our markets are characterized by pressures to provide high levels of service, incorporate new capabilities and technologies, accelerate job completion schedules and reduce prices. Furthermore, we face competition from a number of sources, including other executive search firms and professional search, staffing and consulting firms. Several of our competitors have greater financial and marketing resources than we do. New and existing competitors are aided by technology, and the market has low barriers to entry. Furthermore, Internet employment sites expand a company’s ability to find workers without the help of traditional agencies. Personnel agencies often work as intermediaries, helping employers accurately describe job openings and screen candidates. Increasing the use of sophisticated, automated job description and candidate screening tools could make many traditional functions of staffing companies obsolete. Specifically, the increased use of the internet may attract technology-oriented companies to the professional staffing industry. Free social networking sites such as LinkedIn and Facebook are also becoming a common way for recruiters and employees to connect without the assistance of a staffing company.

Our future success will depend largely upon our ability to anticipate and keep pace with those developments and advances. Current or future competitors could develop alternative capabilities and technologies that are more effective, easier to use or more economical than our services. In addition, we believe that, with continuing development and increased availability of IT, the industries in which we compete may attract new competitors. If our capabilities and technologies become obsolete or uncompetitive, our related sales and revenue would decrease. Due to competition, we may experience reduced margins on our services, loss of market share, and loss of customers. If we are not able to compete effectively with current or future competitors as a result of these and other factors, our business, financial condition and results of operations could be materially adversely affected.

CHANGES IN GOVERNMENT REGULATION COULD LIMIT OUR GROWTH OR RESULT IN ADDITIONAL COSTS OF DOING BUSINESS.

We are subject to the same federal, state, and local laws as other companies conducting placement and staffing services, which are extensive. The adoption or modification of laws that affect the placement and staffing industry, including but not limited to, Federal and state laws and regulations pertaining to labor and minimum wages, workplace standards and safety, workers compensation laws, independent contractor status, the Family Medical Leave Act, Affordable Care Act, and others could harm our business, operating results, and financial condition by increasing our costs and administrative burdens.

WE MAY NOT BE ABLE TO OBTAIN THE NECESSARY ADDITIONAL FINANCING TO ACHIEVE OUR STRATEGIC GOALS.

There is no guarantee that we will be able to obtain any additional financing that may be required to continue to expand our business. Our continued viability depends on our ability to raise capital. Changes in economic, regulatory or competitive conditions may lead to cost increases. Management may also determine that it is in our best interest to expand more rapidly than currently intended, to expand marketing activities, to develop new or enhance existing services or products, to respond to competitive pressures or to acquire complementary services, businesses or technologies. In any such case or other change of circumstance, additional financing will be necessary. If any additional financing is required, there can be no assurances that we will be able to obtain such additional financing on terms acceptable to us and at times required by us, if at all. In such event, we may be required to materially alter our business plan or curtail all or a part of our expansion plans.

WE MAY NOT BE ABLE TO MANAGE EXPECTED GROWTH AND INTERNAL EXPANSION.

Our inabilityability to manage growth could hurteffectively will be important to our business and future results of operations.operations and financial condition. Expansion of our resources and operations will be required to address anticipated growth of our customer base and market opportunities. Expansion willmay be expected to place a significantadditional strain on our management, operational and financial resources. We willresources, and thereby our ability to provide quality services and support for our clients and other stakeholders. In these regards, we anticipate the need to enhance existing proceduresresources, processes and controls, as well as implementincluding but not limited to, implementation of new transaction processing, operational and financial systems, and development of additional procedures and controls to expand, train and manage our growing employee base.base and to service new and growing customers. Our failure to manage growth effectively, therefore, could have a damagingmaterially negative effect on our business, results of operations and financial condition.

WE ARE DEPENDENT UPON TECHNOLOGY SERVICES, AND IF WE EXPERIENCE DAMAGE, SERVICE INTERRUPTIONS OR FAILURES IN OUR COMPUTER AND TELECOMMUNICATIONS SYSTEMS, OUR EXISTING CUSTOMER RELATIONSHIPS AND OUR ABILITY TO ATTRACT NEW CUSTOMERS MAY BE ADVERSELY AFFECTED.

Our business could be interrupted by damage to or disruption of our computer and telecommunications equipment and software systems, and we may lose data. Our customers’ businesses may be adversely affected by any system or equipment failure we experience. As a result of any of the foregoing, our relationships with our customers may be impaired, we may lose customers, our ability to attract new customers may be adversely affected and we could be exposed to contractual liability. Precautions in place to protect us from, or minimize the effect of, such events may not be adequate. If an interruption by damage to or disruption of our computer and telecommunications equipment and software systems occurs, we could be liable and the market perception of our services could be harmed.

WE COULD BE HARMED BY IMPROPER DISCLOSURE OR LOSS OF SENSITIVE OR CONFIDENTIAL COMPANY, EMPLOYEE, ASSOCIATE OR CLIENT DATA, INCLUDING PERSONAL DATA, BY EMPLOYEE ERROR AND/OR CYBER RISKS.

In connection with the operation of our business, we store, process and transmit a large amount of data, including personnel and payment information, about our employees, clients, associates and candidates, a portion of which is confidential and/or personally sensitive. In doing so, we rely on our own technology and systems, and those of third-party vendors we use for a variety of processes. We and our third-party vendors have established policies and procedures to help protect the security and privacy of this information. Unauthorized disclosure or loss of sensitive or confidential data may occur through a variety of methods. These include, but are not limited to, systems failure, employee negligence, fraud or misappropriation, or unauthorized access to or through our information systems, whether by our employees or third parties, including a cyberattack by computer programmers, hackers, members of organized crime and/or state-sponsored organizations, who may develop and deploy viruses, worms or other malicious software programs.

Such disclosure, loss or breach could harm our reputation and subject us to government sanctions and liability under our contracts and laws that protect sensitive or personal data and confidential information, resulting in increased costs or loss of revenues. It is possible that security controls over sensitive or confidential data and other practices we and our third-party vendors follow may not prevent the improper access to, disclosure of, or loss of such information. The potential risk of security breaches and cyberattacks may increase as we introduce new services and offerings, such as mobile technology. Further, data privacy is subject to frequently changing rules and regulations, which sometimes conflict among the various jurisdictions in which we provide services. Any failure or perceived failure to successfully manage the collection, use, disclosure, or security of personal information or other privacy related matters, or any failure to comply with changing regulatory requirements in this area, could result in legal liability or impairment to our reputation in the marketplace.

WE RECENTLY EXPERIENCED A NETWORK SECURITY INCIDENT AFFECTING OUR IT NETWORK, INFORMATION SYSTEMS AND STORED INFORMATION. NETWORK SECURITY INCIDENTS AFFECTING OUR SYSTEMS AND INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY SUCH AS THIS ONE OR OTHERS COULD ADVERSELY IMPACT OUR ABILITY TO OPERATE AND HAVE WIDER-REACHING MATERIAL ADVERSE EFFECTS ON OUR BUSINESS AND FINANCIAL POSITION AND RESULTS.

On February 1, 2022, the Company detected and stopped a network security incident. An unauthorized third party gained access into our network, encrypted various systems, and demanded money to decrypt the affected systems and to delete and not publicly release stolen information. The Company’s IT professionals immediately disconnected and isolated the affected systems to prevent any further compromise. The senior executive management team was immediately notified who in turn reported the network security incident to the Company’s Audit Committee chairman who has board oversight authority for these types of matters. The Company’s audit committee and board of directors were fully briefed and a special committee of the board of directors was appointed to assist and oversee management in the investigations, response and full remediation of the incident. The Company engaged third party cyber security experts to assist its internal IT professionals and conducted a comprehensive investigation to determine the extent of the unauthorized activity. The Company also notified law enforcement and its cyber liability insurance carrier about the incident.

The Company’s investigation determined that the unauthorized third party acquired a relatively small amount of data maintained on the encrypted servers, to include in some cases, individual personal information such as names, social security numbers, passport and driver license information. Our forensic investigation has been concluded and we believe we have reasonably determined the scope of the incident. Individuals affected by this incident were sent formal notification in accordance with applicable state and federal laws. The cost of investigating and resolving the incident has been immaterial. Based on what management and the Company’s third-party cyber security experts have determined in their investigation, the Company also does not foresee this incident having any future material detrimental effect on our business or financial position. The Company has in place cyber liability insurance coverage, subject to certain policy limitations and deductibles. The Company had also immediately notified the cyber insurance carrier of the network security incident, who worked with management and the Company’s third-party cyber security experts on this matter.

The Company’s network environment is fully operational and additional security measures have been added and/or are being evaluated to prevent further intrusions. The Company has not observed any additional malicious activity on the network to date. The Company’s operations were only minimally impacted by the incident, and we were able to serve our clients and other stakeholders without issue throughout.

OUR STRATEGY OF GROWING THROUGH ACQUISITIONS MAY BE IMPEDED BY A LACK OF FINANCIAL RESOURCES AND IMPACT OUR BUSINESS IN UNEXPECTED WAYS. WE COULD BE ADVERSELY AFFECTED BY RISKS ASSOCIATED WITH ACQUISITIONS.

We intend to expand our business through acquisitions of complementary businesses, technologies, services or products, subject to our business plans and management’s ability to identify, acquire and develop suitable acquisition or investment targets in both new and existing service categories. In certain circumstances, acceptable acquisition or investment targets might not be available. Acquisitions involve a number of risks, including, but not limited to:

In addition, if we incur indebtedness to finance an acquisition, it may reduce our capacity to borrow additional amounts and requiring us to dedicate a greater percentage of our cash flow from operations to payments on our debt, thereby reducing the cash resources available to us to fund capital expenditures, pursue other acquisitions or investments in new business initiatives and meet general corporate and working capital needs. This increased indebtedness may also limit our flexibility in planning for, and reacting to, changes in or challenges relating to our business and industry.

The use of our common stock or other securities (including those that might be convertible into or exchangeable or exercisable for our common stock) to finance any such acquisition may also result in dilution of our existing shareholders.

The potential risks associated with recent and future acquisitions could disrupt our ongoing business, result in the loss of key customers or personnel, increase expenses and otherwise have a material adverse effect on our business, results of operations and financial condition.

WE MAY BE EXPOSED TO EMPLOYMENT-RELATED CLAIMS AND LOSSES, INCLUDING CLASS ACTION LAWSUITS, WHICH COULD HAVE A MATERIAL ADVERSE EFFECT ON OUR BUSINESS.

We employ people internally and in the workplaces of other businesses. Many of these individuals have access to client information systems and confidential information. The risks of these activities include possible claims relating to:

We may incur fines and other losses or negative publicity with respect to these problems and claims. Such claims may result in negative publicity, injunctive relief, criminal investigations and/or charges, payment by us of monetary damages or fines, or other material adverse effects on our business. In addition, these claims may give rise to litigation, which could be time-consuming and expensive. New employment and labor laws and regulations may be proposed or adopted that may increase the potential exposure of employers to employment-related claims and litigation. There can be no assurance that the corporate policies we have in place to help reduce our exposure to these risks will be effective or that we will not experience losses as a result of these risks. There can also be no assurance that the insurance policies we have purchased to insure against certain risks will be adequate or that insurance coverage will remain available on reasonable terms or be sufficient in amount or scope of coverage.

WE FACE SIGNIFICANT EMPLOYMENT-RELATED LEGAL RISK.

We employ people internally and in the workplaces of other businesses. Many of these individuals have access to client information systems and confidential information. An inherent risk of such activity includes possible claims of errors and omissions; intentional misconduct; release, misuse or misappropriation of client intellectual property, confidential information, funds, or other property; cyber security breaches affecting our clients and/or us; discrimination and harassment claims; employment of illegal aliens; criminal activity; torts; or other claims. Such claims may result in negative publicity, injunctive relief, criminal investigations and/or charges, civil litigation, payment by us of monetary damages or fines, or other material adverse effects on our business.

OUR ABILITY TO UTILIZE OUR NET OPERATING CARRYFORWARDS AND CERTAIN OTHER TAX ATTRIBUTES MAY BE LIMITED.

Federal and state tax laws impose restrictions on the utilization of net operating loss (“NOL”) and tax credit carryforwards in the event of an “ownership change” as defined by section 382 of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended (“Section 382”). Generally, an ownership change occurs if the percentage of the value of the stock that is owned by one or more direct or indirect “five percent shareholders” increases by more than 50% over their lowest ownership percentage at any time during the applicable testing period (typically, three years).

Under Section 382, if a corporation undergoes an “ownership change,” the corporation’s ability to use its pre-change NOL carryforwards and other pre-change tax attributes to offset its post-change income may be limited. We have not completed a study to assess whether an “ownership change” has occurred or whether there have been multiple ownership changes since we became a “loss corporation” as defined in Section 382. Future changes in our stock ownership, which may be outside of our control, may trigger an “ownership change”. In addition, future equity offerings or acquisitions that have equity as a component of the purchase price could result in an “ownership change.” If an “ownership change” has occurred or does occur in the future, utilization of the NOL carryforwards or other tax attributes may be limited, which could potentially result in increased future tax liability to us.

THE MARKET PRICE OF SHARES OF OUR COMMON STOCK HAS BEEN VOLATILE, WHICH COULD CAUSE THE VALUE OF YOUR INVESTMENT TO DECLINE. A MORE ACTIVE, LIQUID TRADING MARKET FOR OUR COMMON STOCK MAY NOT DEVELOP, AND THE PRICE OF OUR COMMON STOCK MAY FLUCTUATE SIGNIFICANTLY.

The market price of our common stock has been highly volatile and could be subject to wide fluctuations. Securities markets worldwide experience significant price and volume fluctuations. The securities markets have experienced significant volatility as a result of the COVID-19 pandemic.pandemic and more recently, significant inflation, rising interest rates, economic uncertainty and volatility and uncertainty in our labor market. Market volatility, as well as general economic, market, or political conditions, could reduce the market price of shares of our common stock regardless of our operating performance.

Although our common stock is listed on the NYSE American, we cannot assure you that an active public market will develop for our common stock. There has been relatively limited trading volume in the market for our common stock, and a more active, liquid public trading market may not develop or may not be sustained. Limited liquidity in the trading market for our common stock may adversely affect a shareholder’s ability to sell its shares of common stock at the time it wishes to sell them or at a price that it considers acceptable. If a more active, liquid public trading market does not develop, we may be limited in our ability to raise capital by selling shares of common stock and our ability to acquire other companies or assets by using shares of our common stock as consideration. In addition, if there is a thinthe relatively limited trading market or “float”volumes for our stock persists, the market price for our common stock may fluctuate significantly more than the stock market as a whole. Without a large enough float,trading volumes, our common stock wouldmay be expected to remain less liquid than the stock of other more actively traded companies with broader public ownership and, as a result, the trading prices of our common stock may be more volatile. Furthermore, the stock market is subject to significant price and volume fluctuations, and the price of our common stock could fluctuate widely in response to several factors, including:

In response, the market price of shares of our common stock could decrease significantly. You may be unable to resell your shares of common stock at or above the public offering price.

Following periods of volatility in the overall market and the market price of a company’s securities, securities class action litigation has often been instituted against these companies. Such litigation, if instituted against us, could result in substantial costs and a diversion of our management’s attention and resources.

OUR COMMON STOCK COULD BE DELISTED FROM THE NYSE AMERICAN IF WE DO NOT MEET ITS CONTINUED LISTING REQUIREMENTS.

The NYSE American has established certain standards for the continued listing of a security on the NYSE American. There can be no assurance that we will be able to meet these standards in the future to maintain the listing of our common stock on the NYSE American. Factors that could have an impact on our ability to maintain the listing of our common stock on NYSE American include the status of the market for our common stock at the time, our reported results of operations in future periods, and general economic, market and industry conditions.

If we are delisted from the NYSE American, our common stock may be eligible for trading on an over-the-counter market. In the event that we are not able to obtain a listing on another stock exchange or quotation service for our common stock, it may be extremely difficult or impossible for shareholders to sell their common stock. Moreover, if we are delisted from the NYSE American, but obtain a substitute listing for our common stock, it will likely be on a market with less liquidity, and therefore experience potentially more price volatility than experienced on the NYSE American. Shareholders may not be able to sell their common stock on any such substitute. market in the quantities, at the times, or at the prices that could potentially be available on a more liquid trading market. As a result of these factors, if our common stock is delisted from Nasdaq, the price of our common stock is likely to decline. A delisting of our common stock from the NYSE American could also adversely affect our ability to obtain financing for our operations and/or result in a loss of confidence by investors, or employees.

WE HAVE NO CURRENT PLANS TO PAY CASH DIVIDENDS ON OUR COMMON STOCK; AS A RESULT, YOU MAY NOT RECEIVE ANY RETURN ON INVESTMENT UNLESS YOU SELL YOUR COMMON STOCK FOR A PRICE GREATER THAN THAT WHICH YOU PAID FOR IT.

We intend to retain alla substantial portion of future earnings for use in the development of our business and do not anticipate paying any cash dividends on our common stock in the near future. AnyWe are presently repurchasing our own common shares in the open market, under authorization of our board of directors and in accordance with applicable Federal and state laws, regulations and rules. However, any future determination to pay dividends will be made at the discretion of our board of directors, subject to applicable laws. It will depend on a number of factors, including our financial condition, results of operations, capital requirements, contractual, legal, tax and regulatory restrictions, general business conditions, and other factors that our board of directors may deem relevant. In addition, our ability to pay cash dividends is restricted by the terms of our debt financing arrangements, and any future debt financing arrangement likely will contain terms restricting or limiting the amount of dividends that may be declared or paid on our common stock. As a result, you may not receive any return on an investment in our common stock unless you sell your common stock for a price greater than that which you paid for it.

THERE MAY BE FUTURE SALES OF OUR SECURITIES OR OTHER DILUTION OF OUR EQUITY, WHICH MAY ADVERSELY AFFECT THE MARKET PRICE OF OUR COMMON STOCK.

We may need to raise additional capital in the future to finance our operations, which may not be available on acceptable terms, or at all. Failure to obtain this necessary capital when needed may force us to delay, limit or terminate our product development efforts or other operations.

We have had recurringexperienced losses from operations and negative operating cash flow in the past and have an accumulated deficit. We have had to raise additional funds in order to continue financingdeleverage, recapitalize and finance our current operations and may have to in the future.future if we are unable to sustain our current operations and results. If additional capital is not available to us when and if needed or on acceptable terms, we may not be able to continue to operate our business pursuant to our business plan or we may have to discontinue our operations entirely. Any additional capital raised through the sale of equity or equity-backed securities may be expected to dilute our shareholders’ ownership percentages and could also result in a decrease in the market value of our equity securities. The terms of any securities issued by us in future capital transactions may be more favorable to new investors, and may include preferences, superior voting rights and the issuance of warrants or other derivative securities, which may have a further dilutive effect on the holders of any of our securities then outstanding.

If we are unable to secure additional funds when needed or on acceptable terms, we may be required to defer, reduce or eliminate significant planned expenditures, restructure, curtail or eliminate some or all of our operations, dispose of technology or assets, pursue an acquisition of our company by a third party at a price that may result in a loss on investment for our shareholders, file for bankruptcy or cease operations altogether. Any of these events could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition and results of operations. Moreover, if we are unable to obtain additional funds on a timely basis, there will be substantial doubt about our ability to continue as a going concern and increased risk of insolvency and up to a total loss of investment by our shareholders.

PROVISIONS IN OUR AMENDED AND RESTATED ARTICLES OF INCORPORATION, AS AMENDED, OUR AMENDED AND RESTATED BY-LAWS, AS AMENDED AND ILLINOIS LAW MIGHT DISCOURAGE, DELAY OR PREVENT A CHANGE IN CONTROL OF OUR COMPANY OR CHANGES IN OUR MANAGEMENT AND, THEREFORE, DEPRESS THE TRADING PRICE OF OUR COMMON STOCK.

Provisions of our amended and restated articles of incorporation, as amended, our amended and restated by-laws, as amended, and Illinois law may have the effect of deterring unsolicited takeovers or delaying or preventing a change in control of our company or changes in our management, including transactions in which our shareholders might otherwise receive a premium for their shares over then current market prices. In addition, these provisions may limit the ability of shareholders to approve transactions that they may deem to be in their best interests. These provisions include:include, but are not limited to:

The existence of the forgoing provisions and anti-takeover measures could limit the price that investors might be willing to pay in the future for shares of our common stock. They could also deter potential acquirers of our company, thereby reducing the likelihood that you could receive a premium for your common stock in an acquisition.

IF SECURITIES OR INDUSTRY ANALYSTS DO NOT PUBLISH OR CEASE PUBLISHING RESEARCH OR REPORTS ABOUT US, OUR BUSINESS OR OUR MARKET, OR IF THEY CHANGE THEIR RECOMMENDATIONS REGARDING OUR STOCK ADVERSELY, OUR STOCK PRICE AND TRADING VOLUME COULD DECLINE.

The trading market for our common stock will be influenced by the research and reports that industry or securities analysts may publish about us, our business, our market or our competitors. If any of the analysts who may cover us change their recommendation regarding our stock adversely, or provide more favorable relative recommendations about our competitors, our stock price would likely decline. If any analyst who may cover us were to cease coverage of our company or fail to regularly publish reports on us, we could lose visibility in the financial markets, which in turn could cause our stock price or trading volume to decline.

A POSSIBLE “SHORT SQUEEZE” DUE TO A SUDDEN INCREASE IN DEMAND OF OUR COMMON STOCK THAT LARGELY EXCEEDS SUPPLY MAY LEAD TO FURTHER PRICE VOLATILITY IN OUR COMMON STOCK.

Investors may purchase our common stock to hedge existing exposure in our common stock or to speculate on the price of our common stock. Speculation on the price of our common stock may involve long and short exposures. To the extent aggregate short exposure exceeds the number of shares of our common stock available for purchase in the open market, investors with short exposure may have to pay a premium to repurchase our common stock for delivery to lenders of our common stock. Those repurchases may in turn, dramatically increase the price of our common stock until investors with short exposure are able to purchase additional common shares to cover their short position. This is often referred to as a “short squeeze.”squeeze” in lay terms. A short squeeze could lead to volatile price movements in our common stock that are not directly correlated to the performance or prospects of our company and once investors purchase the shares of common stock necessary to cover their short position the price of our common stock may decline.

THE REQUIREMENTS OF BEING A PUBLIC COMPANY MAY STRAIN OUR FINANCIAL AND HUMAN RESOURCES AND DISTRACT MANAGEMENT.

As a public company, we are subject to the reporting requirements of the Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the “Exchange Act”), and the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 (the “Sarbanes-Oxley Act”). These requirements are extensive. The Exchange Act requires that we file annual, quarterly and current reports with respect to our business and financial condition. The Sarbanes-Oxley Act requires that we maintain effective disclosure controls and procedures and internal controls over financial reporting.

We incur significant costs associated with our public company reporting requirements and costs associated with applicable corporate governance requirements. These applicable rules and regulations significantly increase our legal and financial compliance costs and to make some activities more time consuming and costly than privately owned companies that are not SEC registrants. This also may divert management’s attention from other business concerns, which must be balanced so as not to cause material adverse effects on our business, financial condition and results of operations. We also believe compliance risks associated with these rules and regulations tend to make it more difficult and expensive to obtain director and officer liability insurance and could result in our need to accept reduced policy limits and coverage or incur substantially higher costs to obtain the same or similar coverage. As a result, it may be more difficult for us to attract and retain qualified individuals to serve on our Board of Directors or as executive officers. We are currently evaluating and monitoring developments with respect to these rules, and we cannot predict or estimate the amount of additional costs we may incur or the timing of such costs.

Additionally, shareholder activism, the current political environment, and the current high level of government intervention and regulatory reform may lead to substantial new regulations and disclosure obligations, which may lead to additional compliance costs and impact the manner in which we operate our business in ways we cannot currently anticipate. Our management and other personnel will need to devote a substantial amount of time to these compliance initiatives. Moreover, these rules and regulations have increased our legal and financial compliance costs and will make some activities more time consuming and costly.

WE MAY BE UNABLE TO IMPLEMENT AND MAINTAIN APPROPRIATE INTERNAL CONTROLS OVER FINANCIAL REPORTING. IF WE FAIL TO MAINTAIN AN EFFECTIVE SYSTEM OF INTERNAL CONTROL OVER FINANCIAL REPORTING, WE MAY NOT BE ABLE TO ACCURATELY REPORT OUR FINANCIAL RESULTS AND CURRENT AND POTENTIAL SHAREHOLDERS MAY LOSE CONFIDENCE IN OUR FINANCIAL REPORTING.

Our management is responsible for establishing and maintaining adequate internal control over financial reporting, and the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 and the SEC rules require that our management report annually on the effectiveness of our internal control over financial reporting and our disclosure controls and procedures. Among other things, our management must conduct an assessment of our internal control over financial reporting to allow management to report on the effectiveness of our internal control over financial reporting, as required by Section 404 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.

A “material weakness” is a deficiency, or a combination of deficiencies, in internal control over financial reporting, such that there is a reasonable possibility that a material misstatement of our annual or interim consolidated financial statements will not be prevented or detected on a timely basis. While we are not aware of any material weaknesses, we cannot assure you that one or more will not be identified in the future.

Any failure to implement or maintain required new or improved controls, or any difficulties we encounter in their implementation, could result in additional material weaknesses, or could result in material misstatements in our consolidated financial statements. These misstatements could result in a restatement of our consolidated financial statements, cause us to fail to meet our reporting obligations, reduce our ability to obtain financing or cause investors to lose confidence in our reported financial information, leading to a decline in our stock price.

THERE ARE INHERENT LIMITATIONS IN ALL CONTROL SYSTEMS, AND MISSTATEMENTS DUE TO ERROR OR FRAUD MAY OCCUR AND NOT BE DETECTED.

The ongoing internal control provisions of Section 404 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 require us to identify material weaknesses in internal control over financial reporting, which is a process to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting for external purposes in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States. Our management, including our Chief Executive Officer and Principal Financial Officer, does not expect that our internal controls and disclosure controls will prevent all errors and all fraud. A control system, no matter how well conceived and operated, can provide only reasonable, not absolute, assurance that the objectives of the control system are met. In addition, the design of a control system must reflect the fact that there are resource constraints and the benefit of controls must be relative to their costs. Because of the inherent limitations in all control systems, no evaluation of controls can provide absolute assurance that all control issues and instances of fraud, if any, in our Company have been detected. These inherent limitations include the realities that judgments in decision-making can be faulty and that breakdowns can occur because of simple errors or mistakes. Further, controls can be circumvented by individual acts of some persons, by collusion of two or more persons, or by management override of the controls. The design of any system of controls is also based in part upon certain assumptions about the likelihood of future events, and there can be no assurance that any design will succeed in achieving our stated goals under all potential future conditions. Over time, a control may be inadequate because of changes in conditions, such as growth of the Company or increased transaction volume, or the degree of compliance with the policies or procedures may deteriorate. Because of inherent limitations in a cost-effective control system, misstatements due to error or fraud may occur and not be detected.

In addition, discovery and disclosure of a material weakness, could have a material adverse impact on our consolidated financial statements. Such an occurrence could discourage certain customers or suppliers from doing business with us, cause downgrades in our future debt ratings leading to higher borrowing costs and affect how our stock trades. This could, in turn, negatively affect our ability to access public debt or equity markets for capital.

OUR OPERATIONS MAY BE AFFECTED BY DOMESTIC AND GLOBAL ECONOMIC FLUCTUATIONS.

Customers’ demand for our services may fluctuate widely with changes in economic conditions in the markets in which we operate. Those conditions include slower employment growth or reductions in employment, which directly impact our service offerings. As a staffing company, our revenue depends on the number of jobs we fill, which in turn depends on economic growth. During economic slowdowns, many customer companies stop hiring altogether. For example, in prior economic downturns, many employers in our operating regions reduced their overall workforce to reflect the slowing demand for their products and services. We may face lower demand and increased pricing pressures during these periods, which this could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition and results of operations.

INTERRUPTION OF OUR BUSINESS COULD RESULT FROM INCREASED SECURITY MEASURES IN RESPONSE TO TERRORISM OR CIVIL UNREST.

The continued threat of terrorism within the United States and the ongoing military action and heightened security measures in response to such threat has and may cause significant disruption to commerce. The U.S. economy, in general, is being adversely affected by terrorist activities and the potential activities for terrorist activities or other civil unrest. Any resulting economic downturn could adversely impact our results of operations, impair our ability to raise capital or otherwise adversely affect our ability to grow the business. It is impossible to predict how this may affect our business or the economy in the U.S. and in the world. In the event of further threats or acts of terrorism or civil unrest, our business and operations may be further severely and adversely affected.

OUR BUSINESS MAY BE IMPACTED BY POLITICAL EVENTS, WAR, PUBLIC HEALTH ISSUES, INCLEMENT WEATHER, NATURAL DISASTERS AND OTHER BUSINESS INTERRUPTIONS.

War, geopolitical uncertainties, public health issues (such as the COVID-19 pandemic) and other business interruptions have caused and could cause damage or disruption to commerce and the economy, and thus could have a material adverse effect on us and our customers. Two wars are now being waged at the global level, the first led by the invasion of Ukraine by Russia, and the second, following the recent invasion of Israel by Hamas terrorists. These and continuing overtures by China over Taiwan and the South China Sea, also add instability to the uncertainty driving socioeconomic forces, which in turn, impact the Company’s and its subsidiaries’ operations. Our business operations also are subject to interruption by, among others, inclement weather, natural disasters, whether as a result of climate change or otherwise, fire, power shortages, nuclear power plant accidents and other industrial accidents, terrorist attacks, civil unrest and other hostile acts, labor disputes, public health issues and other events beyond our control. Such events could decrease demand for our services.

OUR COMPLIANCE WITH COMPLICATED REGULATIONS CONCERNING CORPORATE GOVERNANCE AND PUBLIC DISCLOSURE HAS RESULTED IN ADDITIONAL EXPENSES.

We are faced with expensive, complicated and evolving disclosure, governance and compliance laws, regulations and standards relating to corporate governance and public disclosure. New standards are developing concerning environmental, social and governance matters (“ESG”) and other emerging socioeconomic trends and matters. In addition, as a staffing company, we are regulated by the U.S. Department of Labor, the Equal Employment Opportunity Commission, and often by state authorities. New or changing laws, regulations and standards are subject to varying interpretations in many cases due to their lack of specificity, and their application in practice may evolve over time as new guidance is provided by regulatory and governing bodies, which could result in continuing uncertainty regarding compliance matters and higher costs necessitated by ongoing compliance work.

Our failure to comply with all laws, rules and regulations applicable to U.S. public companies could subject us or our management to regulatory scrutiny or sanction, which could harm our reputation and stock price. Our efforts to comply with evolving laws, regulations and standards are likely to continue to result in increased general and administrative expenses and a diversion of management time and attention from revenue-generating activities to compliance activities.

FINANCIAL CHALLENGES AT OTHER BANKING INSTITUTIONS COULD LEAD TO DEPOSITOR CONCERNS THAT SPREAD WITHIN THE BANKING INDUSTRY CAUSING DISRUPTIVE DEPOSIT OUTFLOWS AND OTHER DESTABILIZING RESULTS.

In March and April 2023, certain specialized banking institutions with elevated concentrations of uninsured deposits experienced large deposit outflows coupled with insufficient liquidity to meet withdrawal demands, resulting in the institutions being placed into Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation (“FDIC”) receiverships. In the aftermath, there has been market disruption and indications that diminished depositor confidence could spread across the banking industry, leading to deposit outflows and other destabilizing results. The Federal Reserve Board announced that it would provide funding to ensure that banks have sufficient liquidity to meet the needs of their depositors, but there can be no assurance whether such funding will be adequate to fully address these issues. The Company currently has bank deposits with financial institutions in the U.S. that exceed FDIC insurance limits. However, the Company has taken measures to diversify its deposit base, that are intended to mitigate and minimize its potential exposure to losses as a result of maintaining cash deposits in accounts that exceed FDIC insurance limits. Among these, during fiscal 2023, the Company established, and initially deposited $13 million of its excess cash, under a brokerage arrangement with a major financial advisory institution that manages and deposits these funds under a specialized program whereby the funds are allocated among FDIC insured banks in amounts that individually do not exceed the established FDIC insured limit of $250 thousand. To date, the Company has not experienced any material loss as a result of the failure of any financial institution in which it has funds or other assets on deposit. 

Item 1B. Unresolved Staff Comments. 

Not applicable.

Item 2. Properties.

The Company’s policy is to lease (rather than purchase) commercial office space for all of its offices. The Company’s headquarters are co-locatedlocated with one of its branch locations in Jacksonville Florida, for which the applicable lease expires in 2026.

The Company markets its services using the trade names General Employment Enterprises, Omni One, Ashley Ellis, Agile Resources, Scribe Solutions Inc., Access Data Consulting Corporation, Paladin Consulting Inc., SNI Companies, Accounting Now, Staffing Now®, SNI Banking, SNI Certes®, SNI Energy®, SNI Financial®, SNI Technology®, Triad Personnel Services and Triad Staffing. As of September 30, 2021,2023, we operated from locations in eleven (11) states, including twenty-six (26) branch offices in downtown or suburban areas of major U.SU.S. cities in eleven (11) states and four (4) additional U.S. locations utilizing local staff members working remotely serving four additional U.S. locations.remotely. We have offices or serve markets remotely, as follows; (i) one office in each of Connecticut, Georgia,Illinois, Minnesota, and New Jersey, and one remote local market presence in Virginia; (ii) two offices each in IllinoisGeorgia and Massachusetts; (iii) three offices in Colorado; (iv) two offices and two additional local market presences in Texas; (v) fivesix offices and twoone additional local market presencespresence in Florida; and (vi) seven offices in Ohio.

Established offices are operated from leased spacespaces ranging from 800 to 7,500 square feet, and generally for initial lease periods of one to seven years, with cancellation clauses after certain periods of occupancy in some cases. Management believes that existing facilities are adequate for the Company’s current needs and that its leasing strategies provide the Company with sufficient flexibility to open or close offices to accommodate business needs.

As the Company’s leases for its existing offices near their expiration or renewal dates, the Company evaluates the continued necessity for maintaining the location, including consideration of matters ranging from whether they are in close proximity of other available service offices, proximity and importance of a local presence to existing clients and as a competitive advantage in the local market, the size and number of staff located there, whether staff have the means to work effectively on a remote basis supported by resources available from other larger locations, and other factors.

Item 3. Legal Proceedings. 

As of September 30, 2021, the Company was not a party to any material legal proceedings.None.

Item 4. Mine Safety Disclosures. 

Not applicable.

(Amounts in thousands except per share data, unless otherwise stated)

PART II

Item 5. Market for Registrant’s Common Equity, Related Stockholder Matters and Issuer Purchases of Equity Securities. 

Market Information

The Company’s common stock is listed on the NYSE American and is traded under the symbol “JOB.”

Holders of Record

There were 730745 holders of record of the Company’s common stock on September 30, 2021.2023.

Dividends

No dividends were declared or paid during the fiscal years ended September 30, 20212023 and 2020.2022. We do not anticipate paying any cash dividends for the foreseeable future.

DuringShare Repurchase Program

On April 27, 2023, the fiscal yearsCompany’s Board of Directors approved a share repurchase program authorizing the Company to purchase up to an aggregate of $20 million of the Company’s currently outstanding shares of common stock. The share repurchase program will continue through December 31, 2023, may be suspended or discontinued at any time and does not obligate the Company to repurchase any number of shares of common stock. The share repurchase program is being conducted in accordance with Rule 10b-18 of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended. Subject to applicable rules and regulations, the shares of common stock may be purchased from time to time in the open market transactions and in amounts as the Company deems appropriate, based on factors such as market conditions, legal requirements, and other business considerations. The Company has conducted repurchases consistently since the program’s implementation and intends to continue to take advantage of the present attractive market prices for its common stock.

Our purchases of our common stock during the three months ended September 30, 2021 and 2020, no equity securities of the Company2023, were repurchasedas follows:

As of December 15, 2023, the Company has repurchased 5,808,053 shares of its common stock pursuant to the share repurchase program (accounting for approximately 5.1% of our issued and outstanding common shares immediately prior to the program).

Securities Authorized for Issuance under Equity Compensation Plans

As of September 30, 2021,2023, there were stock options outstanding under the Company’s Amended and Restated 2013 Incentive Stock Plan. The plan granted specified numbers of options to non-employee directors, and they authorized the Compensation Committee of the Board of Directors to grant either restricted stock and incentive or non-statutory stock options to employees. Effective July 13, 2022, the tenth anniversary of the Plan, incentive stock options are no longer eligible to be granted. Vesting periods are established by the Compensation Committee at the time of grant. All stock options outstanding as of September 30, 20212023 and September 30, 20202022 were non-qualified stock options, had exercise prices equal to the market price on the date of grant, and had expiration dates ten years from the date of grant. The maximum number of shares that may be granted under the 2013 Plan is 15,00015 million (7,500 thousand for restricted stock grants and 7,500 thousand for stock option grants). This number is subject to adjustment to reflect changes in the capital structure or organization of the Company.

Item 6.[Reserved].

(Amounts in thousands except per share data, unless otherwise stated)

Item 6. [Reserved].

Not applicable.

Item 7. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations. 

Management’s discussion and analysis contains forward-looking statements that are provided to assist in the understanding of anticipated future performance. However, future performance involves risks and uncertainties which may cause actual results to differ materially from those expressed in the forward-looking statements. Item 7 should be read in conjunction with the information contained in “Forward-Looking Statements” at the beginning of this report and with the Consolidated Financial Statementsconsolidated financial statements and Notesnotes thereto included in Item 8. References such as the “Company,” “we,” “our” and “us” refer to GEE Group Inc. and its consolidated subsidiaries.

Overview

GEE Group Inc. and its wholly owned material operating subsidiaries, Access Data Consulting Corporation, Agile Resources, Inc., BMCH, Inc., Paladin Consulting, Inc., Scribe Solutions, Inc., SNI Companies, Inc., Triad Logistics, Inc., and Triad Personnel Services, Inc. are providers of permanent and temporary professional and industrial staffing and placement services in and near several major U.S cities. We specialize in the placement of information technology, accounting, finance, office, and engineering professionals for direct hire and contract staffing for our clients, data entry assistants (medical scribes) who specialize in electronic medical records (EMR) services for emergency departments, specialty physician practices and clinics, and provide temporary staffing services for our industrial clients. The acquisitions of Scribe Solutions, Inc., a Florida corporation (“Scribe”) in April 2015, Agile Resources, Inc., a Georgia corporation (“Agile”), in July 2015, Access Data Consulting Corporation, a Colorado corporation (“Access”), in October 2015, Paladin Consulting Inc. (“Paladin”) in January 2016, and SNI Companies, Inc., a Delaware corporation (“SNI”) in April 2017, expanded our geographical footprint within the professional placement and contract staffing verticals or end markets of information technology, accounting, finance, office, engineering professionals, and engineering professionals.medical scribes.

The Company markets its services using the trade names General Employment Enterprises, Omni One, Ashley Ellis, Agile Resources, Scribe Solutions Inc., Access Data Consulting Corporation, Paladin Consulting Inc., SNI Companies (including Staffing Now, Accounting Now, and Certes), Triad Personnel Services and Triad Staffing. As of September 30, 2021,2023, we operated from locations in eleven (11) states, including twenty-six (26) branch offices in downtown or suburban areas of major U.SU.S. cities in eleven (11) states and four (4) additional U.S. locations utilizing local staff members working remotely serving four additional U.S. locations.remotely. We have offices or serve markets remotely, as follows; (i) one office in each of Connecticut, Georgia,Illinois, Minnesota, and New Jersey, and one remote local market presence in Virginia; (ii) two offices each in IllinoisGeorgia and Massachusetts; (iii) three offices in Colorado; (iv) two offices and two additional local market presences in Texas; (v) fivesix offices and twoone additional local market presencespresence in Florida; and (vi) seven offices in Ohio.

Management has implemented a strategy which includes organic and acquisition growth components. Management’s organic growth strategy includes seeking out and winning new client business, as well as expansion of existing client business and on-going cost reduction and productivity improvement efforts in operations. Management’s acquisition growth strategy includes identifying strategic, accretive acquisitions, financed primarily through a combination of cash and debt, including seller financing, the issuance of equity in appropriate circumstances, and debtthe use of earn-outs where efficient to improve the overall profitability and cash flows of the Company.

The Company’s contract and placement services are principally provided under two operating divisions or segments: Professional Staffing Services and Industrial Staffing Services. We believe our current segments and array of businesses and brands within our segments complement one another and position us for future growth.

(Amounts in thousands except per share data, unless otherwise stated)

In approximately mid-March 2020, the Company began to experience the severe negative effects of the economic disruptions resulting from the COVID-19 pandemic. These have included abrupt reductions in demand for the Company’s primary sources of revenue, its temporary and direct hire placements, lost productivity due to business closings both by clients and at the Company’s own operating locations. These effects have been, and continue to be felt to an extent, across our businesses, with the most severe impacts being felt in the industrial segment and in the finance, accounting, and office clerical (“FA&O”) end markets within the professional segment. In response to the crisis, in April 2020 we took a series of proactive actions including a 10% pay cut for full-time salaried employees, temporary furloughing and redeployment of some employees, reduction of discretionary expenses and projects, and obtaining funds under CARES Act Payroll Protection Program (“PPP”). These actions allowed us to generate cost savings, liquidity and time with which to mitigate the impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic on our businesses and brands. Our businesses have continued to recover to a significant extent during fiscal 2021, as compared to fiscal 2020. While we have experienced significant recovery towards pre-COVID-19 levels of results and performance, the rate of future recovery and growth is still somewhat uncertain as potential resurgences and negative impacts of COVID-19 or variants thereof have continued to have negative impacts on the U.S. economy so far in 2021, including in some cases, certain markets and clients we serve.

Results of Operations

Fiscal year ended September 30, 20212023 (“fiscal 2021”2023”), and fiscal year ended September 30, 20202022 (“fiscal 2020”2022”)

Summary and Outlook

Fiscal 2023 results declined from those of fiscal 2022, as expected, primarily as the result of economic and labor market uncertainties and instability, which negatively impacted the numbers of orders and candidates available to fill orders across our businesses. Fiscal 2022 also was an above average year in terms of performance, and while fiscal 2023 results were lower overall, the Company once again was profitable and generated positive cash flow from operations, as it has consistently done since completion of the significant deleveraging initiatives and a follow-on offering during the quarter ended June 30, 2021. We also believe our top line performance was in line with our industry peers and above average in regards to our IT brands. Our lowest performing businesses continued to be those serving light industrial and office clerical markets. We are cautiously optimistic about our ability to return to growth once again, and especially in our largest professional services businesses, led by IT, as uncertainties and unknowns about the economy and labor environments lessen.

We experienced twelve quarters of cumulative pre-tax income during our fiscal third quarter ended June 30, 2023, for purposes of evaluation of our deferred income tax valuation allowance, which had been set at 100% of our net deferred tax assets. As a result of this and our evaluations of other positive and negative evidence, we have recognized a net deferred tax benefit of $7,249 for the fiscal year ended September 30, 2023, which accounted for approximately $0.06 of this period’s earnings per share. The reversal of this allowance during fiscal 2023 represented a significant milestone and indication of our progress.

We also implemented a $20 million share repurchase program during fiscal 2023, providing a means to return excess capital to our shareholders from our growing cash balances. As of September 30, 2023, we had repurchased 3,411 shares. As of December 15, 2023, the Company has repurchased 5,808 shares (accounting for approximately 5.1% of our issued and outstanding common shares immediately prior to the program). The Company has conducted repurchases consistently since the program’s implementation and intends to continue to take advantage of the present attractive market prices for its common shares.

Net Revenues

Consolidated net revenues are comprised of the following:

Contract staffing services contributed $129,802,$133,051, or approximately 87%, of consolidated revenue and direct hire placement services contributed $19,078,$19,392, or approximately 13%, of consolidated revenue for fiscal 2021.2023. This compares to contract staffing services revenue of $114,526,$138,507, or approximately 88%84%, of consolidated revenue and direct hire placement revenue of $15,309,$26,605, or approximately 12%16%, of consolidated revenue for fiscal 2020.2022.

The overall increase inAs a result of the economic headwinds encountered during fiscal 2023, including persistent inflation and threats of recession, consolidated contract staffing services revenue of $15,276, or 13%revenues for fiscal 20212023 were down only $5,456, or 4%, when compared to fiscal 2020 was primarily attributable2022. Professional contract services revenue decreased by $2,516, or 2%, which can be attributed to recoverycompletion of certain discreet (non-recurring) projects in fiscal 2022, including professional staffing support provided to former COVID-19 response vaccination and improvementtesting facilities. These discreet projects generated $3,152 in revenue during fiscal 2022. Excluding the effects of these discreet projects, professional contract services markets from the negative effects of the COVID-19 pandemic beginning approximately in the month of June 2020. The onset of COVID-19 resulted in a near immediate decline in demand for ourrevenues would have increased $636, or 0.5%, during fiscal 2023. Industrial staffing services revenues decreased by $2,940, or 18%, mainly due to client closures, postponementsa decrease in projects and related needs for our services at some clients, significant travel restrictions, and corresponding decreasesorders from clients. Our industrial staffing markets in the volume of contract services billable hours. Professional contract services have experienced consistent recovery through this fiscal year resulting in the revenue increase of $15,504 for fiscal 2021 as compared fiscal 2020.

Management believes this trend is the result of U.S. economic recovery,Ohio, as well as actions takenoffice clerical markets in various locations, continue to be affected by the Companyworkforce volatility following COVID-19, resulting in more competition for orders and temporary labor to adapt to COVID-19, hire top talent, and position the Company for recovery and growth. Industrial contract services revenue experienced improvement in the second half of fiscal 2021, compared with the second half of fiscal 2020, also consistent with continuing recovery and improvement from negative impacts related to COVID-19. However, duefill orders. According to a lingering workforce shortage that has been felt acrossU.S. Staffing Industry Forecast report published in September 2023 by Staffing Industry Analysts, U.S. staffing industry revenues are expected to decline 10% over the U.S., including in the local markets served by our industrial segment, industrial contract services revenue for fiscal 2021 did not fully recover to its fiscal 2020 level. These labor shortages have limited the Company’s ability to fully fill all of its contract orders in its industrial segment as well as some orders in the professional segment and are widely believed to be attributable to recent plentiful economic stimulus and unemployment benefits, as well as school and business shutdowns and disruptions.2023 calendar year.

(Amounts in thousands except per share data, unless otherwise stated)

Direct hire placement revenue for fiscal 2021 increased2023 decreased by $3,769$7,213, or 25%27%, over fiscal 2020, driven by an increase in the number of placements.2022. Direct hire opportunities tend to be highly cyclical and demand dependent, tending to rise during economic recovery and decline during downturns. Demand for the Company’s direct hire services also increased due toin fiscal 2022 was extraordinarily high driven by post-COVID employment recovery trends, and is down in 2023 on the continuing recovery and significant improvement from the negative effectspresence of the COVID-19 pandemic beginning in approximately June 2020.

economic uncertainties . Management believes that the underlying trends toward recovery since May 2020 are generally consistentCompany’s direct hire performance during fiscal 2023 was on par with the recovery experienced in the overall U.S. economy so farlarger employment and therefore, may be expected to continue, accordingly. The Company continues to observe, analyze and make modifications and changes to its business model and practices on a routine basis in response to the on-going COVID-19 pandemic and related health and safety concerns. These include, but are not limited to, implementation of policies and procedures in observance of federal, state and/or local guidelines regarding the coronavirus, including matters ranging from working from home, use of personal protective equipment (principally, protective masks), social distancing, personal hygiene and sanitary practices, and other preventative and responsive measures, impacting both our core human resources, as well as our contract laborers serving clients.industry trends.

Cost of Contract Services

Cost of contract services includes wages and related payroll taxes, employee benefits of the Company’sCompany's contract services employees, and certain other employee-related costs, while they work on contract assignments. Cost of contract services for fiscal 2021 increased2023 decreased by approximately 13%4% to $96,339$99,571 compared to $103,434 for fiscal 2020 of $85,131.2022. The $11,208 increase$3,863 decrease in cost of contract services for fiscal 2021 compared to fiscal 2020 is consistent with the increasedecrease in revenues which isas discussed further below.above.

The Company’s combined gross profit margin, including direct hire placement services (recorded at 100% gross margin) for fiscal 20212023 was approximately 35.3%34.7% versus approximately 34.4%37.4% for fiscal 2022. The substantial portion of the decline in fiscal 2020. 2023 compared with fiscal 2022, is due to the corresponding declines in the volume and mix of direct hire placement revenues in fiscal 2023.

In the professional contract staffing services segment, the gross margin excluding direct placement services was approximately 26.3%26.1% for fiscal 20212023 compared to approximately 26.4%26.6% for fiscal 2020. The year-over-year improvement2022. This decrease is due in our consolidated gross margin is consistentpart to increases in contractor pay associated with the increaserecent rise in mixinflation resulting in some margin compression. The Company stepped-up counter-inflationary measures during the second half of permanent placement business for fiscal 2021 by approximately 1.0%, or 100 basis points, offset by a 0.1%, or 10 basis points, decrease2023, including seeking increases in professional contract services gross margin. The small decrease in the professional services grossbill rates and spreads, where possible, to address margin is consistent with the increase in the mix of lower margin office clerical placements, which were initially among the hardest hit by the COVID-19 pandemic and also among the last to recover fully.compression.

The Company’s industrial staffing services gross margin for fiscal 20212023 was approximately 22.3%16.5% as compared with approximately 21.7%15.4% for fiscal 2020. The2022. This increase is mainly attributable to price increases enacted to offset increases in industrial contract services gross margin is due to an increasecontractor payroll and achieve higher spreads in the amount of premium refunds the Company’s industrial business is eligible to receive under the Ohio Bureau of Workers’ Compensation retrospectively rated insurance program. The industrial contract services gross margins excluding the impact of these items were approximately 14.9% and 14.4% for the fiscal 2021 and fiscal 2020, respectively.Industrial segment.

(Amounts in thousands except per share data, unless otherwise stated)

Selling, General and Administrative Expenses

Selling, general and administrative expenses include the following categories:

The Company’s SG&A for fiscal 2021,2023 decreased by $2,750$4,336 as compared to fiscal 2020.2022. SG&A for fiscal 20212023 as a percentage of revenue was approximately 28%31.2% versus 34%31.4% for fiscal 2020.2022. The decrease in SG&A expenses asrelative to revenue, despite the effects of inflation on compensation and other operating costs, is largely a percentageresult of revenue is primarily attributable to the significant recovery and improvement in revenues discussed earlier and the Company’s mitigating efforts to reduce and manage costs to positioncertain cost reductions implemented by the Company for recoveryduring the second quarter of fiscal 2023. These cost reductions were expected to provide annual savings of approximately $4.0 million. The Company monitors operating costs including the impacts of inflation with a view towards identifying and profitable growth. Additionally, SG&A in fiscal 2020 includedtaking advantage of potential cost reductions on a charge to bad debt expense of $1,653 related to a key customer in our industrial segment that filed for bankruptcy protection in fiscal 2020. In fiscal 2021, a settlement with this customer lead to bad debt recovery of $413.routine basis.

SG&A also includes certain non-cash costs and expenses incurred related to acquisition, integration and restructuring and other non-recurring items,activities, such as certain corporate legal and general expenses associated with capital markets activities that either are not directly associated with core business operations and other items thator have been eliminated on a going forward basis or are of an isolated, non-recurring nature.basis. These costs were $412$838 and $4,277$2,060 for fiscal 20212023 and fiscal 2020,2022, respectively, and include mainly expenses associated with former closed and consolidated locations, legal fees and a settlement, and personnel costs associated with eliminated positions. The significant reduction in the amount of these items in fiscal 2021, as compared with fiscal 2020, is primarily associated with the significant actions undertaken and completed in fiscal 2020 to mitigate the negative impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic.

Depreciation and Amortization Expense

Depreciation expense was $311$383 and $248$371 for fiscal 20212023 and 2020,2022, respectively. The increase in depreciation expense is due to recent net additions to fixed asset additions.

Amortization Expense

assets. Amortization expense was $4,089,$2,879, and $5,038$3,469 for fiscal 20212023 and 2020,2022, respectively. The decrease is due to amortization completion of certain SNI intangible assets related to certain non-compete agreements that wereand trade names becoming fully amortized as of March 31, 2020.amortized.

Goodwill Impairment

The Company performedcompleted its most recent annual goodwill impairment testing effectiveassessment as of September 30, 2021,2023 and allocatesdetermined that its goodwill among two reporting units, its Professional reporting unit and its Industrial reporting unit, for purposes of evaluation for impairments. As a result of the evaluation performed, the estimated fair value of the Company’s Professional reporting unit and Industrial reporting unit exceeded the carrying value of the net assetswas not impaired. During fiscal 2022, as of September 30, 2021. For purposesDecember 31, 2021, an interim assessment was performed as the amount of performing this goodwill impairment assessment, management applied valuation techniques and assumptions to its Professional and Industrial reporting units as reporting units and also considered recent trendsdiscount inherent in the Company’s stock price, implied control or acquisition premiums, earnings and other possible factors and their effects on estimated fair value of the Company’s reporting units.

(Amounts in thousands except per share data, unless otherwise stated)

Due to a previous sustained decline in the market capitalization of our common stock during fiscal 2020, we also performed a goodwill impairment assessment in accordance with the provisions of ASU 2017-04 and recognized a non-cash charge for the impairment of goodwill of $8,850 in fiscal 2020. Management also considered the Company’s market capitalization,as reported on the NYSE American exchange in conducting its assessment, which was lower than itswhen compared with consolidated stockholders’ equity, or net book value, (consolidated stockholders’ equity). Management believedhad increased since the annual goodwill impairment assessment as of September 30, 2021. The estimated fair values of its Professional Services and Industrial Services reporting units were adjusted based on qualitative and quantitative analysis so that the declines in global economic and labor market conditions and other disruptions caused by the COVID-19 pandemic that had negatively impactedthey reconciled more precisely with the Company’s business and operating results also was a contributing factor to the Company’s stock prices, market capitalization and potentially,as of December 31, 2021, plus an assumed control premium. As a result, the value of its goodwill resulting, in part, in theCompany recognized a non-cash impairment charge recognizedof $2,150 during the first quarter of fiscal 2020.2022. Upon completion of the annual goodwill impairment assessment as of September 30, 2022, it was determined that the Company’s goodwill was not impaired.

Income (Loss) from Operations

As the net result of the matters discussed regarding revenues and operating expenses above, incomeIncome from operations increased by $20,323 to $6,490was $2,033 and $3,775 for fiscal 2021 from $(13,833) for fiscal 2020. The increase2023 and 2022, respectively. This decrease of $1,742 is due to the factors described above including a significant improvement and recovery in revenues and the Company’s mitigating efforts beginning in approximately mid-March 2020 to restore and grow revenues, and to manage costs effectively to adapt to the COVID-19 pandemic and position the Company for recovery. Other significant factors includeconsistent with the decrease in bad debt expense of $2,205revenues, mainly in fiscal 2021 compared to fiscal 2020. Fiscal 2020 also had a goodwill impairment non-cash charge of $8,850.

Interest Expense

Interest expense decreased by $6,355 to $5,878 for fiscal 2021 from $12,233 for fiscal 2020. This decrease is mostly attributable to the interest expense related to the former Senior Credit Agreement, 9.5% Notes,direct hire placements, as discussed above, and 10% Notes that were included in the fiscal 2020. The Company’s former Senior Credit Agreement contributed $4,684 and $8,962 in interest expense for fiscal 2021 and fiscal 2020, respectively. On April 20, 2021, the Company retired and fully repaid its remaining principal and accrued interest balances under its former Senior Credit Agreement.

Provision for Income Taxes

The Company recognized provisions for income tax expense of $58 and $597 in fiscal 2021 and 2020, respectively. The composition of the Company’s income tax provisions is relatively complex; however, the net decrease in the provision for fiscal 2021 as compared with fiscal 2020 can be attributed to lower state and local taxes in certain jurisdictions.

Net Income (Loss)

The Company’s net income (loss) was $6 and $(14,347) for fiscal 2021 and 2020, respectively. In addition to the changes in income (loss) from operations as outlined above, including notably, the decrease in interest expense of $6,355 from fiscal 2020 to fiscal 2021, andtaking into account the goodwill impairment charge of $8,850 recognized$2,150 included in fiscal 2020, which did not recur in fiscal 2021.

Net Income Attributable to Common Stockholders

Net Income Attributable to Common Stockholders decreased by $10,122 to $6 for fiscal 20212022 income from $10,128 for fiscal 2020. The significant contributing item in fiscal 2020 was the net gain of $24,475, resulting from extinguishment of the Company’s outstanding preferred stock on June 30, 2020.

The Company continues to seek opportunities to increase revenue and closely manage costs, including opportunities to selectively add revenue producing resources in key markets and industry verticals. The Company also seeks to organically grow its professional contract services revenue and direct hire placement revenue, including business from staff augmentation, permanent placement, statement of work (SOW) and other human resource solutions in the information technology, engineering, healthcare and finance and accounting higher margin staffing specialties. The Company’s strategic plans to achieve this goal involve setting aggressive new business growth targets, initiatives to increase services to existing customers, increasing its numbers of revenue producing core professionals, including primarily, business development managers and recruiters, and assessments of the effectiveness of compensation, commission and bonus plans to identify enhancements to incentivize producers. Senior management also has frequent interaction with the field and facilitates collaboration among brands and locations to identify and share growth opportunities, and to monitor and motivate growth. The Company’s strategic plan contains both internal and acquisition growth objectives to increase revenue in the aforementioned higher margin and more profitable professional services sectors of staffing.

(Amounts in thousands except per share data, unless otherwise stated)

Liquidity and Capital Resources

The primary sources of liquidity for the Company are revenues earned and collected from its clients for the placement of contractors and permanent employment candidates and borrowings available under its current and former asset-based senior secured revolving credit facilities. Uses of liquidity include primarily the costs and expenses necessary to fund operations, including payment of compensation to the Company’s contract and permanent employees and employment-related expenses, operating costs and expenses, taxes and capital expenditures.

The following table sets forth certain consolidated statements of cash flows data:

At September 30, 2021, the Company had $9,947 of cash which was a decrease of $4,127 from $14,074 at September 30, 2020. At September 30, 2021, the Company had working capital of $2,528 compared to $13,351 of working capital at September 30, 2020. The decrease in cash at September 30, 2021 from September 30, 2020 is mainly the culmination of financing activities during fiscal 2021, as further discussed below, including payment of fees in the amount of $4,978, related to the retirement of the Company’s former senior credit agreement.

Net cash provided by (used in) operating activities for fiscal 2021 and fiscal 2020 was $370 and $(2,247), respectively. The revenue growth and other improvements in operating results, including the significant reduction in interest expense and other cost savings, described in management’s discussion and analysis, above, contributed the cash from operations for fiscal 2021.

Cash flows used in investing activities for fiscal 2021 and fiscal 2020 was $126 and $119, respectively. The primary use of cash for these activities was for the acquisition of property and equipment in fiscal 2021 and fiscal 2020.

Cash flows (used in) provided by financing activities for the fiscal 2021 and fiscal 2020 were $(4,371) and $12,385, respectively. The net cash used in financing activities during fiscal 2021 was primarily attributable to the full repayment and retirement of the Company’s former high-cost senior revolving credit facility and term loan on April 20, 2021, using the net proceeds received from the Company’s follow-on public offering initially closed on April 19, 2021, and followed by additional net proceeds from exercise of an over-allotment option by the underwriters. In addition, the Company incurred direct costs and expenses associated with its new senior bank asset backed loan facility. No significant amounts due were outstanding on the new credit facility and the Company estimates that it has borrowing availability of approximately $15,280 at September 30, 2021. The net cash provided by financing activities during fiscal 2020 was due to net proceeds received from CARES Act PPP Loans, offset by scheduled or required debt repayments and settlements, including the conversions and retirement of the Company’s former subordinated debt and mezzanine preferred stock.

Minimum debt service payments, including principal and interest, for the twelve-month period commencing after the close of business on September 30, 2021, were approximately $16,741. Monthly principal and interest payments under the Company’s PPP loans are to be deferred to either (1) the date that SBA remits the borrower’s loan forgiveness amount to the lender, or (2) if the borrower does not apply for loan forgiveness, 10 months after the end of the borrower’s loan forgiveness covered period. The Company has filed applications for forgiveness of all nine of its PPP loans. Five have been fully forgiven by the SBA and the remaining four have been approved by BBVA, the Company’s PPP lender, and were at the SBA awaiting completion of their review as of September 30, 2021. 

(Amounts in thousands except per share data, unless otherwise stated)

On December 14, 2021, the Company received formal notification that the remaining four (4) operating subsidiaries’ PPP loans were fully forgiven by the SBA, including 100% of their respective outstanding principal and interest. The outstanding principal and accrued interest balances of these remaining PPP loans, one each for GEE Group Inc., BMCH, Inc., Paladin Consulting, Inc., and SNI Companies, Inc., in the aggregate amount of $16,741, are included in the Company’s current liabilities as of September 30, 2021, in the accompanying consolidated balance sheet. The forgiveness of these four loans will be recorded in the Company’s first fiscal quarter of the 2022 fiscal year ending December 31, 2021, by eliminating them from the consolidated balance sheet with corresponding gains in income.

Minimum lease payments under all the Company’s lease agreements for the twelve-month period commencing after the close of business on September 30, 2021, are approximately $1,888. All the Company’s office facilities are leased.

The Company experienced net losses for fiscal 2020 and in recent prior fiscal years, which also negatively impacted the Company’s ability to generate liquidity. During much of this period, the Company significantly restructured its operations, made significant cost reductions, including closing and consolidating unprofitable locations, eliminating underperforming personnel while pursuing top talent, implemented strategic management changes, and intensified focus on stabilizing the business and restoring profitable growth. As a result of these actions, management believes the Company had begun to see its operations and business stabilize.

In approximately mid-March 2020, the Company began to experience the severe negative effects of the economic disruptions resulting from the COVID-19. These included abrupt reductions in demand for the Company’s primary sources of revenue, its temporary and direct hire placements, lost productivity due to business closings both by clients and at the Company’s own operating locations, and the significant disruptive impacts to many other aspects of normal operations. These effects have continued to be felt to an extent across all businesses, with the most significant impacts being felt in the industrial segment and finance, accounting and office clerical end markets within the professional segment.

Between April 29 and May 7, 2020, the Company was able to obtain CARES Act relief financing under the Paycheck Protection Program (“PPP Loans”) for each of its operating subsidiaries, in the aggregate amount of $19,927. These funds were the only source of financing available to our companies and businesses and were absolutely critical to our ability to maintain operations, including the employment of our temporary and full-time employees, in order to produce and meet our foreseeable liquidity requirements in the midst of the worldwide COVID-19 pandemic.

The Company and its operating subsidiaries have submitted applications and required documentation for forgiveness of their respective outstanding PPP loans initially to their lender, BBVA USA, which in turn, reviewed, initially approved, and forwarded them on to the SBA. During fiscal 2021, the Company’s subsidiaries, Scribe Solutions, Inc., Triad Personnel Services, Inc., Triad Logistics, Inc., Access Data Consulting Corporation, and Agile Resources, Inc. were notified by the SBA that their total outstanding PPP loans and accrued interest were forgiven in the amounts of $279, $408, $79, $1,470, and $1,220, respectively. Applications for forgiveness of the outstanding PPP loans to GEE Group Inc., BMCH, Inc., Paladin Consulting, Inc. and SNI Companies, Inc., in the aggregate amounts of $16,741, including accrued interest, remained at the SBA for review and approval as of September 30, 2021.

As discussed above, on December 14, 2021, the Company received formal notification that the remaining four (4) operating subsidiaries’ PPP loans were fully forgiven by the SBA, including 100% of their respective outstanding principal and interest. The PPP loans obtained by GEE Group Inc., as a public company, and some of its operating subsidiaries, together as an affiliated group, have exceeded the $2,000 audit threshold established by the SBA, and therefore, also will be subject to audit by the SBA in the future. If any of the nine forgiven PPP loans are reinstated in whole or in part as the result of a future audit, a charge or charges would be incurred, accordingly, and they would need to be repaid. If the companies are unable to repay the portions of their PPP loans that ultimately are not forgiven from available liquidity or operating cash flow, they may be required to raise additional equity or debt capital to repay the PPP loans.

(Amounts in thousands except per share data, unless otherwise stated)

OnInterest Expense

Interest expense decreased by $41 to $336 for fiscal 2023 from $377 for fiscal 2022.

Interest Income

The Company began holding excess cash in interest bearing accounts in August 2022 on which interest income earned was $472 and $16 in fiscal 2023 and 2022, respectively.

Provision for Income Taxes

The Company recognized income tax benefits (expense) of $7,249 and $(588) for fiscal 2023 and 2022, respectively. Our effective tax rates for fiscal years ended September 30, 2023 and 2022 are lower than the statutory rate primarily due to the effect of the change in valuation allowance on the net deferred tax asset (“DTA”) position.

As of each reporting date, management considers new evidence, both positive and negative, that could affect its view of the future realization of deferred tax assets. As of June 30, 2020, the Company completed a comprehensive financial restructuring and eliminated approximately $19,685 of its subordinated indebtedness and approximately $27,695 of its convertible preferred stock as required pursuant2023, in part due to the termsfact that in the current year we achieved three years of cumulative pretax income, management determined that there is sufficient positive evidence to conclude that it is more likely than not that the Seventh Amendment, dated as of April 28, 2020, to the Revolving Credit, Term Loan and Security Agreement, dated as of March 31, 2017.deferred taxes are realizable. As a result, the Company released $7,581 of the completion of these transactions the Company was able to repurchase, convert and eliminate obligations totaling $47,380, in exchange for $4,978 in cash and 1,811 shares of its common stock, resulting in net gains of $12,316 on the extinguishment of subordinated debt and $24,475 on the redemption of its Class B preferred stock. The cash available for the fundings for these transactions was facilitated by the Company’s senior lenders who agreed to significant liquidity concessions under the Former Senior Credit Agreement, including the deferral of payment of a comparable amount of fees.valuation allowance accordingly during fiscal 2023.

On April 19, 2021,Net Income

The Company’s net income was $9,418 and $19,599 for fiscal 2023 and 2022, respectively. In addition to the Company completedchanges in income from operations as outlined above, the initial closingdecrease is primarily due to gains of a follow-on public offering of 83,333 shares of common stock at a public offering price of $0.60 per share. Gross proceeds of the offering totaled $50,000, which after deducting the underwriting discount, legal fees,$16,773 recorded in fiscal 2022 from forgiveness and offering expenses, resulted in net proceeds of $45,478. On April 27, 2021, the underwritersextinguishment of the Company’s April 19, 2021, public offering exercised in full their 15% over–allotment option to purchase an additional 12,500 common shares (the “option shares”)remaining PPP loans, offset by the deferred tax benefit of $7,249 during fiscal 2023.

Liquidity and Capital Resources

The primary sources of liquidity for the Company at the public offering price of $0.60 per share. The Company closed the transaction on April 28, 2021are revenues earned and received net proceedscollected from the sale of the option shares of approximately $6,937, after deducting the applicable underwriting discount. ThinkEquity, a division of Fordham Financial Management, Inc., acted as sole book-running manager for the offering.

On April 20, 2021, as the result of the completion of the public offering, the Company repaid $56,022 in aggregate outstanding indebtednessits clients and borrowings available under its existing Revolving Credit, Term Loan and Security Agreement, dated as of March 31, 2017, including accrued interest, using the net proceeds of its recent underwritten public offering and available cash. The repaid debt was originally obtained from investors led by MGG Investment Group LP (“MGG”) on April 21, 2017 and had a maturity date of June 30, 2023. The MGG debt was comprised of a revolving credit facility with a principal balance on the date of repayment of approximately $11,828, which was subject to an annual interest rate comprised of the greater of the London Interbank Offering Rate (“LIBOR”) or 1%, plus a 10% margin (approximately 11% per annum), and a term loan with a principal balance on the date of repayment of approximately $43,735, which was subject to an annual interest rate of the greater of LIBOR or 1% plus a 10% margin. The term loan also had an annual payment-in-kind (“PIK”) interest rate of 5% in addition to its cash interest rate, which was being added to the term loan principal balance (cash and PIK interest rate combined of approximately 16% per annum). Accrued interest of approximately $459 was paid in connection with the principal repayments. The Company took a one-time charge of $4,004 which represents unamortized debt issue costs associated with its former senior debt.

On May 14, 2021, GEE Group Inc. and its subsidiaries, Agile Resources, Inc., Access Data Consulting Corporation, BMCH, Inc., GEE Group Portfolio, Inc., Paladin Consulting, Inc., Scribe Solutions, Inc., SNI Companies, Inc., Triad Personnel Services, Inc., and Triad Logistics, Inc. entered a Loan, Security and Guaranty Agreement for a $20 million asset-based senior secured revolving credit facility with CIT Bank, N.A. (the “CIT Facility”). facility. Uses of liquidity include primarily the costs and expenses necessary to fund operations, including payment of compensation to the Company’s contract and permanent employees, employment-related expenses, operating costs and expenses, taxes and capital expenditures.

The CIT Facility is collateralized by 100%following table sets forth certain consolidated statements of the assetscash flows data:

As of September 30, 2023, the Company had $22,471 of cash which was an increase of $3,623 from $18,848 as of September 30, 2022. The Company reported $5,890 and its subsidiaries who are co-borrowers and/or guarantors. The CIT Facility matures on$9,396 in cash flow from operations for the fifth anniversaryfiscal years ended September 30, 2023 and 2022, respectively. 

As of the closing date (May 14, 2026). Concurrent with the May 14, 2021 closing of the CIT Facility,September 30, 2023, the Company borrowed $5,326had working capital of $30,290 compared to $26,643 as of September 30, 2022. The increase in working capital is mainly attributable to positive cash flow from operations less purchases of treasury stock during fiscal 2023. Cash flows were reduced by installment payments of deferred payroll taxes under the CARES Act from fiscal 2020, of $1,847 each, during the fiscal years ended September 30, 2023 and utilized these funds to pay all remaining unpaid Exit and Restructuring Fees due to its former senior lenders in the amount of $4,978, with the remainder going to direct fees and costs associated with the CIT Facility.2022.

Under the CIT Facility, advances will be subject to a borrowing base formula that will be computed based on 85%The primary uses of eligible accounts receivable of the Company and subsidiaries as defined in the CIT Facility, and subject to certain other criteria, conditions, and applicable reserves, including any additional eligibility requirements as determined by the administrative agent. The CIT Facility is subject to usual and customary covenants and events of defaultcash for credit facilities of this type. The interest rate, at the Company’s election, will be based on either the Base Rate, as defined, plus the applicable margin; or the London Interbank Offering Rate (“LIBOR” or any successor thereto)investing activities were for the applicable interest period, subject to a 1% floor, plus the applicable margin. The CIT Facility also contains provisions addressing the potential future replacementacquisition of LIBOR utilizedproperty and referenced in the loan agreement, in the event LIBOR becomes no longer available. In addition to interest costs on advances outstanding, the CIT Facility will provide for an unused line fee ranging from 0.375% to 0.50% depending on the amount of undrawn credit, original issue discountequipment, principally information technology equipment, during fiscal 2023 and certain fees for diligence, implementation, and administration.2022.

Management believes that the Company can generate adequate liquidity to meet its obligations for the foreseeable future assuming the negative economic effects of COVID-19 do not worsen, and that economic recovery continues.

(Amounts in thousands except per share data, unless otherwise stated)

The cash flows used in financing activities were for purchases of treasury stock during fiscal 2023, and payments made on finance leases during fiscal 2023 and 2022.

The Company had approximately $11,251 in availability for borrowings under its CIT facility as of September 30, 2023. There were no outstanding borrowings on the CIT Facility as of September 30, 2023, or September 30, 2022, except for certain accrued carrying fees and costs, which are included in other current liabilities in the accompanying consolidated balance sheets.

On April 27, 2023, the Company’s Board of Directors approved a share repurchase program authorizing the Company to purchase up to an aggregate of $20 million of the Company’s currently outstanding shares of common stock. The share repurchase program will continue through December 31, 2023, may be suspended or discontinued at any time and does not obligate the Company to repurchase any number of shares of common stock. The share repurchase program is to be conducted in accordance with Rule 10b-18 of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended. Subject to applicable rules and regulations, the shares of common stock may be purchased from time to time in the open market transactions and in amounts as the Company deems appropriate, based on factors such as market conditions, legal requirements, and other business considerations. During fiscal 2023, the Company repurchased 3,411 shares of its common stock at a total cost of $1,984.

As of December 15, 2023, the Company has repurchased 5,808 shares (accounting for approximately 5.1% of our issued and outstanding common shares immediately prior to the program).

All the Company’s office facilities are leased. Minimum lease payments under all the Company’s lease agreements for the twelve-month period commencing after the close of business on September 30, 2023, are approximately $1,669. There are no minimum debt service principal payments due during the twelve-month period commencing after the close of business on September 30, 2023.

Management believes that the Company can generate adequate liquidity to meet its obligations for the foreseeable future and at least for the next twelve months after the date this Annual Report on Form 10-K is filed.

Off-Balance Sheet Arrangements

As of September 30, 2021,2023, and 2020,2022, and during the two fiscal years then ended, there were no transactions, agreements, or other contractual arrangements to which an unconsolidated entity was a party, under which the Company (a) had any direct or contingent obligation under a guarantee contract, derivative instrument or variable interest in the unconsolidated entity, or (b) had a retained or contingent interest in assets transferred to the unconsolidated entity.

Critical Accounting Policies and Estimates

The consolidated financial statements are prepared in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America and the rules of the United States Securities and Exchange Commission.

Management makes estimates and assumptions that can affect the amounts of assets and liabilities reported as of the date of the consolidated financial statements, as well as the amounts of reported revenues and expenses during the periods presented. Those estimates and assumptions typically involve expectations about events to occur subsequent to the balance sheet date, and it is possible that actual results could ultimately differ from the estimates. If differences were to occur in a subsequent period, the Company would recognize those differences when they became known.

Significant accounting and disclosure matters requiring the use of estimates and assumptions include, but may not be limited to, revenue recognition, accounts receivable allowances, determining fair values of financial assets and liabilities, income tax provisions and benefits, including deferred income tax valuation allowances, accounting for asset impairments, and accounting for derivative liabilities and beneficial conversion features.share-based compensation. Management believes that its estimates and assumptions are reasonable, based on information that is available at the time they are made.

(Amounts in thousands except per share data, unless otherwise stated)

The following accounting policies are considered by management to be “critical” because of the judgments and uncertainties involved, and because different amounts would be reported under different conditions or using different assumptions.

Revenue Recognition

Revenues from contracts with customers are generated through the following services: direct hire placement services, temporary professional services staffing, and temporary industrial staffing. RevenuesOur revenues are recognized when promised services are performed for customers, and in an amount that reflects the consideration the Company expects to be entitled to in exchange for those services. Our revenues are recorded net of variable consideration such as sales adjustments or allowances.

Direct hire placement service revenues from contracts with customers are recognized when employment candidates accept offers of employment, less a provision for estimated credits or refunds to customers as the result of applicants not remaining employed for the entirety of the Company’sCompany's guarantee period (referred to as “falloffs”). The Company’s guarantee periods for permanently placed employees generally range from 60 to 90 days from the date of hire.   Fees

Falloffs and refunds during the period, including estimates for future falloffs associated with candidate placementrevenues that have been recognized, are generally calculatedreflected in the consolidated statements of operations as a percentagereduction of placement service revenues and in the new employee’s annual compensation. No feesconsolidated balance sheets, in combination with allowance for permanent placement servicesuncollectible accounts, as a reduction of accounts receivable. Estimated future falloffs are chargeddetermined by analyzing recent historical trends of actual falloffs and applying a formula comprised of average numbers of falloffs, average falloff amounts, and average cycle times between billing and fall off dates to employment candidates.derive an allowance for falloffs. Thus, the estimated allowance is derived from observed trends in actual historical falloffs and assumes that historical trends are indicative of future falloff activity.

Temporary staffing service revenues from contracts with customers are recognized in amounts for which the Company has a right to invoice, as the services are rendered by the Company’s temporary employees. The Company records temporary staffing revenue on a gross basis as a principal versus on a net basis as an agent in the presentation of revenues and expenses. The Company has concluded that gross reporting is appropriate because the Company controls the specified service before that service is performed for a customer. The Company has the risk of identifying and hiring qualified employees, has the discretion to select the employees and establish their price, and bears the risk for services that are not fully paid for by customers.

Falloffs and refunds during the period are reflected in the consolidated statements of operations as a reduction of placement service revenues. Expected future falloffs and refunds are reflected in the consolidated balance sheet as a reduction of accounts receivable.

See Note 16 for disaggregated revenues by segment.

Payment terms in our contracts vary by the type and location of our customer and the services offered. The terms between invoicing and when payments are due are not significant.

(Amounts in thousands except per share data, unless otherwise stated)

Accounts Receivable

The Company extends credit to its various customers based on evaluation of the customer’s financial condition and ability to pay the Company in accordance with the payment terms. An allowance for doubtful accounts is recorded, as a charge to bad debt expense, where collection is considered to be doubtful due to credit issues. An allowance for placement falloffs is recorded, as a reduction of revenues, for estimated losses due to applicants not remaining employed for the Company’s guarantee period. These allowances together reflect management’s estimate of the potential losses inherent in the accounts receivable balances, based on historical loss statistics and known factors impacting its customers. Management believes that the nature of the contract service business, wherein client companies are generally dependent on our contract employees in the same manner as permanent employees for their production cycles and the conduct of their respective businesses contributes to a relatively small accounts receivable allowance.

Fair Value Measurement

The Company follows the provisions of Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”), Accounting Standards Codification (“ASC”) 820, “FairFair Value Measurement”Measurement, which defines fair value, establishes a framework for measuring fair value and enhances fair value measurement disclosure. Under these provisions, fair value is defined as the price that would be received to sell an asset or paid to transfer a liability (i.e., the “exit price”) in an orderly transaction between market participants at the measurement date.

The standard establishes a hierarchy for inputs used in measuring fair value that maximizes the use of observable inputs and minimizes the use of unobservable inputs by requiring that the most observable inputs be used when available. Observable inputs are inputs that market participants would use in pricing the asset or liability developed based on market data obtained from sources independent of the Company. Unobservable inputs are inputs that reflect the Company’s assumptions about the assumptions market participants would use in pricing the asset or liability developed based on the best information available in the circumstances.circumstances when observable inputs are not available. The hierarchy is described below:

(Amounts in thousands except per share data, unless otherwise stated)

Level 1: Quoted prices (unadjusted) in active markets that are accessible at the measurement date for assets or liabilities. The fair value hierarchy gives the highest priority to Level 1 inputs.

Level 2: Observable prices that are based on inputs not quoted on active markets but corroborated by market data.

Level 3: Unobservable inputs are used when little or no market data is available. The fair value hierarchy gives the lowest priority to Level 3 inputs.

Income Taxes

We accountThe Company accounts for income taxes under the asset and liability method, FASB ASC 740, Income Taxes, which requires the recognition of deferred tax assets and liabilities for the expected future tax consequences of events that have been included in the consolidated financial statements. Under this method, we determine deferred tax assets and liabilities are determined on the basis of the differences between the financial statement and tax basisbases of assets and liabilities by using enacted tax rates in effect for the year in which the differences are expected to reverse. The effect of a change in tax rates on deferred tax assets and liabilities is recognized in income in the period that includes the enactment date.

We recognizeThe Company recognizes deferred tax assets to the extent that we believe thatit is believed these assets are more likely than not to be realized. In making such a determination, we consider all available positive and negative evidence is considered, including future reversals of existing taxable temporary differences, projected future taxable income, tax-planning strategies, and results of recent operations. If we determineIn the event it is determined that wethe Company would not be able to realize ourthe entire amount of recorded deferred tax assets in the future, in excess of their net recorded amount, wean adjustment would make an adjustmentbe made to the deferred tax asset valuation allowance, which would reduceincrease the provision for income taxes.

We recordThe Company records uncertain tax positions in accordance with ASC 740 on the basis of a two-step process in which (1) we determine whether it is more likely than not that the tax positions will be sustained on the basis of the technical merits of the position and (2) for those tax positions that meet the more-likely-than-not recognition threshold, we recognizethe Company recognizes the largest amount of tax benefit that is more than 50 percent likely to be realized upon ultimate settlement with the related tax authority.

(Amounts in thousands except per share data, unless otherwise stated)

We recognize interestInterest and penalties related to unrecognizeduncertain tax benefits are recognized on the income tax expense line in the accompanying consolidated statement of operations. As of September 30, 20212023 and 2020,2022, no accrued interest or penalties are included on the related tax liability line in the accompanying consolidated balance sheet.

Goodwill

The Company evaluates its goodwill for possible impairment as prescribed by FASB ASU 2017-04, Intangibles — Goodwill and Other (Topic 350), Simplifying the Test for Goodwill Impairment, at least annually and on an interim basis when one or more triggering events or circumstances indicate that the goodwill might be impaired. Under this guidance, annual or interim goodwill impairment testing is performed by comparing the estimated fair value of a reporting unit with its carrying amount. An impairment charge is recognized for the amount by which the carrying amount exceeds the reporting unit’s fair value, not to exceed the carrying value of goodwill.

The Company performed annual goodwill impairment testing effective as of September 30, 2021,2023, and allocatesallocated its goodwill among two reporting units: its professional reporting unit and its industrial reporting unit for purposes of evaluation for impairments. In determining the fair value of our two reporting units, we use one or a combination of commonly accepted valuation methodologies: 1)(1) the income approach, which is based on the present value of discounted cash flows projected for the reporting unit or, in certain instances, capitalization of earnings, and 2)(2) the market approach, which estimates a fair value based on an appropriate revenue and/or earnings multiple(s) derived from comparable companies. These valuation techniques rely upon assumptions and other factors, such as the estimated future cash flows of our reporting units, the discount rate used to determine the present value of future cash flows, and the market multiples of comparable companies utilized. In applying our methods, we consider and use averages and medians in the selection of assumptions derived from comparable companies or market data, where applicable, and in the application of the income and/or market approaches if we determine that this will provide a more appropriate estimated fair value or range of fair value estimates of the reporting units. Changes to input assumptions and other factors used or considered in the analysis could result in materially different evaluations of goodwill impairment.

(Amounts in thousands except per share data, unless otherwise stated)

For purposes of performing this goodwill impairment assessment, management applied the valuation techniques and assumptions to its professional and industrial segments as reporting units discussed above; and also considered recent trends in the Company’s stock price, implied control or acquisition premiums, earnings, and other possible factors and their effects on estimated fair value of the Company’s reporting units.

As a result of the evaluation performed, the estimated fair valuevalues exceeded the carrying valuevalues of its net assets of the Company’s professional and industrial reporting units as of September 30, 2021.

The Company’s market capitalization, as recently reported on the NYSE American exchange, has been lower than its consolidated net book value (consolidated stockholders’ equity), as reported in its consolidated financial statements as of September 30, 2021. Management believes that this entire difference can be attributed to an implied control or acquisition premium inherent in the Company’s stock price, especially considering and taking into account volatility and other effects since the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic. At the same time, and while market control and acquisition premiums have risen in 2020 and 2021, relative to prior years, the Company expects its consolidated book value and the carrying values of its professional and industrial segment reporting units to continue to rise. There can be no assurance that this will occur. However, if this occurs and the Company’s market price and market capitalization do not respond adequately to reflect such increases, it is possible that this would result in a triggering event and require updated testing of goodwill resulting in a possible impairment charge.

In the process of preforming our required annual goodwill impairment testing, we recognized a non-cash charge for the impairment of goodwill of $8,850 in fiscal 2020. Management believes that the impact in global economic and labor market conditions and other disruptions caused by the COVID-19 pandemic that have negatively impacted the Company’s business and operating results also are a contributing factor to the Company’s stock prices, market capitalization, and potentially, the value of its goodwill resulting, in part, in the non-cash impairment charge recognized during fiscal 2020.

(Amounts in thousands except per share data, unless otherwise stated)2023.

Intangible Assets

Separately identifiable intangible assets held in the form of customer lists, non-compete agreements, customer relationships management agreements and trade names were recorded at their estimated fair value at the date of acquisition and are amortized over their estimated useful lives ranging from two to ten years using both accelerated and straight-line methods.

Impairment of Long-lived Assets (other than Goodwill)

The Company recognizes an impairment of long-lived intangible assets used in operations, other than goodwill, when events or circumstances indicate that these assets might be impaired and the estimated undiscounted cash flows to be generated by those assets over their remaining lives are less than the carrying amount of those items. In the event theThe net carrying value of the Company’s long-lived assets are determined not to be recoverable they areis reduced to fair value, which is typically calculated using one or a combination of the relief from royalty method, the multiple of excess cash flow method, and/or other applicable adaptations of the discounted cash flow method. For purposes of testing the long-lived assets other than goodwill, long-lived assets are grouped and considered with other assets and liabilities within the professional and industrial reporting units. The Company did not record any impairments to its long-lived assets during fiscal 20212023 and 2020.2022.

Stock-BasedShare-Based Compensation

The Company accounts for stock-basedshare-based awards to employees in accordance with FASB ASC 718, “Compensation-Stock Compensation”Compensation-Stock Compensation, which requires compensation expense related to share-based transactions, including employee stock options, to be measured and recognized in the consolidated financial statements based on a determination of the fair value of the stock options.options or restricted stock grants. The grant date fair value of stock options is determined using the Black-Scholes-Merton (“Black-Scholes”("Black-Scholes") pricing model. For all employee stock options we recognizeand restricted stock grants, the Company recognizes expense on an accelerated basis over the employee’semployee's requisite service period (generally the vesting period of the equity grant). and records an estimate for forfeitures. The Company’sCompany's option pricing model requires the input of highly subjective assumptions, including the expected stock price volatility, and expected term, and forfeiture rate.term. Any changes in these highly subjective assumptions significantly impact stock-basedour share-based compensation expense.

Options awardedSee Note 10 for the assumptions used to purchasecalculate the fair value of share-based employee and non-employee compensation. Upon the exercise of options, it is the Company's policy to issue new shares of common stock issued to non-employees in exchange for services are accounted for as variable awards in accordance with FASB ASC 718, “Compensation-Stock Compensation”. Such options are valued using the Black-Scholes option pricing model.rather than utilizing treasury shares.

Recent Accounting Pronouncements

Recently Issued Accounting Pronouncements Not Yet AdoptedAdopted

In November 2023, the FASB issued ASU 2023-07, Current Expected Credit Losses Model. Segment Reporting (Topic 280), which enhances prior reportable segment disclosure requirements in part by requiring entities to disclose significant expenses related to their reportable segments. The guidance also requires disclosure of the Chief Operating Decision Maker's (“CODM”) position for each segment and detail of how the CODM uses financial reporting to assess their segment’s performance. The new guidance is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2023. The Company does not expect implementation of the new guidance to have a material impact on its consolidated financial statements and disclosures.

In June 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-13, Financial Instruments-Credit Losses (“ASC 326”), authoritative guidance amending how entities will measure credit losses for most financial assets and certain other instruments that are not measured at fair value through net income. The guidance requires the application of a current expected credit loss model, which is a new impairment model based on expected losses. The new guidance is effective for interim and annual reporting periodsfiscal years beginning after December 15, 2022. The Company has not yet determinedis still evaluating the impact of this guidance on its consolidated financial statements but does not expect implementation of the new guidance to have a material impact on its consolidated financial statements and related disclosures.

(Amounts in thousands except per share data, unless otherwise stated)

In December 2019, the FASB issued ASU 2019-12, Income Taxes (Topic 740): Simplifying the Accounting for Income Taxes. This ASU simplifies accounting for income taxes by removing the following exceptions: (1) exception to the incremental approach for intraperiod tax allocation, (2) exceptions to accounting for basis differences when there are ownership changes in foreign investments, and (3) exception in interim period income tax accounting for year-to-date losses that exceed anticipated losses. The ASU also improves financial statement preparers’ application of income tax related guidance for franchise taxes that are partially based on income; transactions with a government that result in a step up in the tax basis of goodwill; separate financial statements of legal entities that are not subject to tax; and enacted changes in tax laws in interim periods. The ASU is effective for public business entities for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2020, and interim periods within those fiscal years. Early adoption is permitted for public business entities for periods for which financial statements have not been issued. An entity that elects early adoption in an interim period should reflect any adjustments as of the beginning of the annual period that includes that interim period. Additionally, an entity that elects early adoption should adopt all the amendments in the same period. We are still evaluating the impact of this ASU on the Company’s consolidated financial statements

In March 2020, the FASB issued ASU 2020-04, Reference Rate Reform (Topic 848): Facilitation of the Effects of Reference Rate Reform on Financial Reporting. This ASU provides temporary optional expedients and exceptions to the GAAP guidance on contract modifications and hedge accounting to ease the financial reporting burdens related to the expected market transition from the London Interbank Offered Rate (“LIBOR”) and other interbank offered rates to alternative reference rates. This ASU is effective for all entities beginning as of its date of effectiveness, March 12, 2020. The guidance is temporary and can be applied through December 31, 2022. In January 2021, the FASB issued ASU 2021-01, Reference Rate Reform (Topic 848): Scope, to provide supplemental guidance and to further clarify the scope of the amended guidance. The guidance has not impacted the consolidated financial statements to date. The Company will continue to monitor the impact of the ASU on our consolidated financial statements in the future.

No other recent accounting pronouncements were issued by FASB and the SEC that are believed by management to have a material impact on the Company’s present or future financial statements.

Item 7A. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk. 

Not applicable.

Item 8. Consolidated Financial Statements and Supplementary Data. 

REPORT OF INDEPENDENT REGISTERED PUBLIC ACCOUNTING FIRM

To the Shareholders, Board of Directors, and Audit Committee

Stockholders of GEE Group Inc.

Opinion on the Consolidated Financial Statements

We have audited the accompanying consolidated balance sheets of GEE Group Inc. (the Company)“Company”) as of September 30, 20212023 and 2020, and2022, the related consolidated statements of operations, shareholders’ equity, and cash flows for each of the years in the two-year period ended September 30, 2021,2023, and the related notes (collectively referred to as the “consolidated financial“financial statements”). In our opinion, the consolidated financial statements referred to above present fairly, in all material respects, the financial position of the Company as of September 30, 20212023 and 2020,2022, and the results of its operations and its cash flows for each of the years in the two-year period ended September 30, 2021,2023, in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America.

Basis for Opinion

These consolidated financial statements are the responsibility of the Company’s management. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on the Company’s consolidated financial statements based on our audits.

We are a public accounting firm registered with the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States) (PCAOB)(“PCAOB”) and are required to be independent with respect to the Company in accordance with the U.S. federal securities laws and the applicable rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission and the PCAOB.

We conducted our audits in accordance with the standards of the PCAOB. Those standards require that we plan and perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the consolidated financial statements are free of material misstatement, whether due to error or fraud. The Company is not required to have, nor were we engaged to perform, an audit of its internal control over financial reporting. As part of our audits,audit, we are required to obtain an understanding of internal control over financial reporting but not for the purpose of expressing an opinion on the effectiveness of the Company’s internal control over financial reporting. Accordingly, we express no such opinion.

Our audits included performing procedures to assess the risks of material misstatement of the consolidated financial statements, whether due to error or fraud, and performing procedures that respond to those risks. Such procedures includedinclude examining, on a test basis, evidence regarding the amounts and disclosures in the consolidated financial statements. Our audits also included evaluating the accounting principles used and significant estimates made by management, as well as evaluating the overall presentation of the consolidated financial statements. We believe that our audits provide a reasonable basis for our opinion.

Critical Audit Matter

The critical audit matter communicated below is a matter arising from the current periodcurrent-period audit of the consolidated financial statements that was communicated or required to be communicated to the audit committee and that: (1) relaterelated to accounts or disclosures that are material to the consolidated financial statements and (2) involved our especially challenging, subjective, or complex judgments. The communication of the critical audit matter does not alter in any way our opinion on the consolidated financial statements, taken as a whole, and we are not, by communicating the critical audit matter below, providing a separate opinionopinions on the critical audit matter or on the accounts or disclosures to which it relates.

Impairment Evaluation of Goodwill and Long-lived Assets

As discussed in Note 2 to the consolidated financial statements, the Company reviews goodwill on an annual basis for impairment, or when events and circumstances indicate that the asset might be impaired. Additionally, the Company reviews long-lived assets, such as property and equipment, intangible assets subject to amortization, and right-of-use assets on operating leases for impairment whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying amount of an asset or asset group may not be recoverable. The Company’s evaluation of goodwill for impairment involves the comparison of the fair value of each reporting unit to its carrying value. Recoverability of long-lived assets to be held and used is measured by a comparison of the carrying amount of the assets to the future undiscounted cash flows expected to be generated by the assets. If these assets are determined to be impaired, the amount of impairment recognized is the amount by which the carrying amount of the assets exceeds their fair value. Fair value is generally determined using forecasted cash flows discounted using an estimated weighted average cost of capital. As of September 30, 2021, the Company had goodwill of approximately $63.4 million. Long-lived assets consisted of property and equipment, net, intangible assets subject to amortization, and right of use assets, net, totaling approximately $19.4 million.

We identified the evaluation of the impairment analysis of goodwill and long-lived assets as a critical audit matter. There was a high degree of subjective auditor judgment in evaluating the earnings multiples, control premium, and the estimated undiscounted future cash flows used to test reporting units for recoverability and the determination of fair value of the relevant assets when required.

How We Addressed the Matter in Our Audit

The following are the primary procedures we performed to address this critical audit matter. We obtained an understanding and evaluated the procedures over management’s impairment review process. We evaluated management’s significant assumptions and tested data inputs utilized in fair value assessment of goodwill, including earnings multiples and the control premium. We also evaluated management’s significant assumptions and data inputs utilized in the calculation of future undiscounted cash flows. We evaluated management’s ability to accurately forecast future operating cash flows by comparing actual results to management’s historical forecasts.

/s/ Friedman LLP

We have served as the Company’s auditor since 2012.

Marlton, New Jersey

December 23, 2021

Goodwill Impairment Assessment

As of September 30, 2023, the Company’s goodwill was $61.3 million. As discussed in Notes 2 and 6 of the financial statements, the Company evaluates goodwill for impairment at the reporting unit level annually, as of September 30, and whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate the carrying value of goodwill may not be recoverable. The Company performed a Step 1 analysis as of September 30, 2023, for the Company’s annual impairment test, and the analysis noted no impairment of goodwill as of such date. The Company’s goodwill impairment analysis relies on assumptions and other factors, such as industry multiples applied to earnings, estimated future cash flows, the discount rates used to determine the present value of associated cash flows, and market comparable assumptions.

We identified the goodwill impairment assessment as a critical audit matter. The principal considerations for our determination are the high degree of auditor judgment and subjectivity in evaluating management’s significant assumptions used in the impairment analyses, particularly as it relates to industry multiples applied to earnings, estimated future cash flows, the discount rates used to determine the present value of associated cash flows, and market comparable assumptions.

The primary procedures we performed to address this critical audit matter included: