This Annual Report on Form 10-K contains forward-looking statements that reflect our current views with respect to, among other things, future events and our future business, financial condition and results of operations. We intend such forward-looking statements to be covered by the safe-harbor provisions for forward-looking statements contained in the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995. These statements are often, but not always, made through the use of words or phrases such as “may,” “should,” “could,” “predict,” “potential,” “believe,” “will likely result,” “expect,” “continue,” “will,” “anticipate,” “seek,” “estimate,” “intend,” “plan,” “projection,” “would” and “outlook,” or the negative version of those words or phrases or other comparable words or phrases of a future or forward-looking nature. These forward-looking statements are not statements of historical fact, and are based on current expectations, estimates and projections about our industry as well as certain assumptions made by management, many of which, by their nature, are inherently uncertain and beyond our control. These forward-looking statements are subject to a number of known and unknown risks, uncertainties and assumptions, which you should consider and read carefully, including but not limited to:

This list of factors should not be construed as exhaustive and should be read in conjunction with the other cautionary statements that are included in this Annual Report on Form 10-K. We operate in a very competitive and rapidly changing environment. New risks emerge from time to time. It is not possible for us to predict all risks, nor can we assess the impact of all factors on our business or the extent to which any factor, or combination of factors, may cause actual results to differ materially from those contained in any forward-looking statements we may make. In light of these risks, uncertainties and assumptions, the future events and trends discussed in this Annual Report on Form 10-K, and our future levels of activity and performance, may not occur and actual results could differ materially and adversely from those described or implied in the forward-looking statements. As a result, you should not regard any of these forward-looking statements as a representation or warranty by us or any other person or place undue reliance on any such forward-looking statements. Any forward-looking statement speaks only as of the date on which it is made, and we do not undertake any obligation to publicly update or revise any forward-looking statement, whether as a result of new information, future developments or otherwise, except as required by law.

In addition, statements that contain “we believe” and similar statements reflect our beliefs and opinions on the relevant subject. These statements are based on information available to us as of the date of this Annual Report on Form 10-K. While we believe that this information provides a reasonable basis for these statements, this information may be limited or incomplete. Our statements should not be read to indicate that we have conducted an exhaustive inquiry into, or review of, all relevant information. These statements are inherently uncertain, and investors are cautioned not to unduly rely on these statements.

You should read this Annual Report on Form 10-K and the documents that we reference herein and have filed as exhibits to the Annual Report on Form 10-K completely and with the understanding that our actual future results may be materially different from what we expect. We qualify all of our forward-looking statements by the cautionary statements contained in this section and elsewhere in this Annual Report on Form 10-K.

Squarespace isenables anyone to stand out and succeed online. Our domains, website, marketing and social media management tools provide an all-in-one platformonline presence with everything to sell anything, providing customers in over 200 countriesbest-in-class design and territories with all thea consistent brand experience. Our commerce solutions include tools they need to sell physical products,for selling digital content, classes, appointments, reservations and events, physical goods and more. Powered by best-in-class design for a consistent brandWe facilitate an intuitive, seamless user experience across all touchpoints,products and provide a unified view of analytics.

Our mission is twofold - for the ease of use of our suite of fully integrated products enablesto provide anyone the ability to manage their projectsparticipate in the opportunity that comes from publishing and businesses through websites, domains, e-commerce, marketing tools, and scheduling, along with tools for managing a social media presence with Unfold and hospitality services via Tock.

We believe the need for online presence and commerce is growing and that the usability and flexibility of industries and use cases, from small and medium-sized businesses (“SMBs”) and independent creators, such as restaurants, photographers, wedding planners, artists, musicians and bloggers,our solutions allow us to iconic brands.help more entrepreneurial dreams become reality. As of December 31, 2021,2023, we had 4.1more than 4.6 million unique subscriptions to our platform.

Our expanding set of solutions also provides customers in a cost effective manner.with more ways to connect with their audiences and transact online, and streamlines their marketing and business operations. We believe we have a stable and predictable business model driven by efficientwith 92% of our revenue derived from subscriptions, stable customer acquisition and the adoption by our existing customers over time of higher valueadditional offerings and add-on subscriptions.subscriptions to grow and scale with our platform as their needs evolve. We generated in the years ended December 31, 20212023 and 2020,2022, respectively:

Squarespace has solidified its position as a go-to premium offering foris focused on what customers need to stand out and succeed online, presence and commerce. Ouron making that simple with comprehensive, integrated platform provides a unified experience for our customers. The key tenets of our platform are:easy-to-use solutions.

Squarespace’s product portfolio gives customers of various sizes and Productsindustries everything they need to stand out and succeed online.

We believe that a standout web presence is necessary for success for almost all new and existing businesses. Squarespace’s design differentiation, ease of use and comprehensive set of solutions across presence, commerce and marketing for businesses and independent creators to buildPresence offerings make us a beautiful online presence, grow their brands and manage their businesses across customer touchpoints. Our design excellence, woven throughout the entirety of our platform, provides customers with professional-quality branding and a differentiated digital presence.

Squarespace provides tools for customers to transact in the ways that work best for their businesses.businesses, including scheduling, digital content and hospitality functionality for services sellers and tailored products for physical goods sellers.

As add-onsSquarespace provides customers with tools to our presencehelp them grow their businesses through data insights and commerce subscriptions, we provide brands with powerful, integrated marketing products and features such as Email Campaigns, search engine optimization (“SEO”) and analytics.amplification.

We believe Squarespace has strong brand recognition. We advertise across various media, including online, television and billboards. Developed and executed in-house, our ads showcase our brand and the power of our design-centric ethos in a fragmented viewcreative and memorable manner.

We target potential customers through a variety of mediums, including direct response, digital advertising, social media, events, content marketing, public relations, partnerships and community initiatives. We also connect with podcast hosts and YouTube creators to authentically share our product offerings. In addition to a variety of direct channels, we work with the Circle community and partners who offer our solutions to their data across multiple systems.customers. Circle members can utilize discounts and earn referral payments for bringing customers to Squarespace.

Our customers represent a diverse range of industries and sizes, ranging from sole proprietors to large enterprises. As of December 31, 2023, we had 4.6 million unique subscriptions on our platform.

Our technology featuresWe have engineered a modern architecturetechnology infrastructure that has a high level of scalability, security and resiliency to support our customers. We host our modern infrastructure through a scalable, secure delivery platform that provides support for our global customer base.

Our Customers

Annually, we reviewWe believe that a diverse employee population helps ensure new ideas and perspectives and that an inclusive culture helps ensure that those ideas and perspectives can thrive in order to deliver the best solutions to our customers. Employees have opportunities to voice their questions and thoughts in a variety of ways, including company and department-wide meetings and employee engagement surveys. We make diversity and inclusion and inclusive leadership learning opportunities accessible to all employees and our employee resource group (“ERG”) program provides a supportive community for ERG members and brings awareness and education to the broader company, helping to foster an inclusive culture.

We offer industry competitive compensation and benefits package to ensure we can make competitive offers.benefits. Our annual compensation review coincides with our employee feedback cycle where employees and managers discuss performance over the last year to improve theirfacilitate learning and career development.

We rely on a combination of trade secret, trademark, copyright, patent and other intellectual property laws to protect our intellectual property. We also rely on contractual arrangements, such as licenses, assignments, and confidentiality agreements and technical measures.

We have been issued federal registrations forfederally registered trademarks, including “Squarespace”“Squarespace,” marks related to certain of our other brands, and related stylized marks.logos. We hold domestic and international domain namesname registrations that include “Squarespace” and similar variations.

We control access to our intellectual property and confidential information through internal and external controls. We require our employees and independent contractors to enter into agreements assigningthat protect our confidential information, and assign to us any inventions, trade secrets, works of authorship and other technology and intellectual property created for us and protecting our confidential information.us. We generally enter into confidentiality agreements with our vendors.

The legal environment of internet-based businesses, both in the United States and internationally, is evolving rapidly and is often unclear. This ambiguity includes topics such as data privacy and security, pricing, advertising, taxation, content regulation and intellectual property ownership and infringement.

We are subject to several local, state, federal and foreign laws and regulations regarding privacy and data protection. Regulators around the world have adopted or proposed limitations on, or requirements regarding, the collection, distribution, use, security and storage of personal information, payment card information or other confidential information of individuals and the FTCFederal Trade Commission (“FTC”) and many state attorneys general are applying federal and state consumer protection laws to impose standards on the online collection, use and dissemination of data. In the event of a security breach, these laws may subject us to incident response, notice and remediation costs. Failure to safeguard data adequately or to destroy data securely could subject us to regulatory investigations or enforcement actions under applicable data security, unfair practices or consumer protection laws. The scope and interpretation of these laws could change and the associated burdens and our compliance costs could increase in the future.

We are also subject to U.S. and foreign laws and regulations that govern or restrict our business and activities in certain countries and with certain persons, including the U.S. Commerce Department’s Export Administration Regulations and economic and trade sanctions regulations maintained by OFAC,the U.S. Treasury Department’s Office of Foreign Assets Control, as well as anti-bribery and anti-corruption laws and regulations, including the FCPAU.S. Foreign Corrupt Practices Act of 1977, as amended (“FCPA”) and the U.K. Bribery Act.

We have experienced growth in recent years, due in large part to sustained subscription growth and retention, including customers who expand their use of our platform over time. We offer two payment options for eachmost of our subscription plans: monthlyannual and annual.monthly. Customers’ subscriptions currently renew automatically at the end of each monthlyannual or annualmonthly period, as applicable, but the customer is free to disable automatic renewal or cancel the subscription at any time. As a result, even though the number of unique subscriptions to our platform has grown in recent years, there can be no assurance that we will be able to retain unique subscriptions beyond the existing monthlyannual or annualmonthly subscription periods. In addition, any limitation or restriction imposed on our ability to bill our customers on a recurring basis, whether due to new regulations or otherwise, may significantly lower our unique subscription retention rate.

A number of factors could impact our ability to attract and retain customers and expand our customers’ use of our platform, including:

We have historically experienced customer turnover as a result of general economic conditions and other risks affecting our customers’ businesses or needs. Many of these customers are in the entrepreneurial stage of their development and there is no guarantee that their businesses will succeed. Other customers may be looking for a shorter-term solution for a specific event. Our costs associated with renewals are substantially lower than costs associated with generating new unique subscriptions. Therefore, a reduction in retention of our unique subscriptions, even if offset by an increase in new unique subscriptions, could adversely impact our business, financial condition and results of operations. Moreover, any volatile or uncertain economic conditions due to the COVID-19 pandemic or otherwise and any resulting decrease in business formation or failures of SMBs could affect our ability to generate new unique subscriptions or retain existing unique subscriptions.

Additionally, our growth rate may decline over time even though the number of unique subscriptions on our platform increases. As our growth rate declines, investors’ perception of our business, financial condition and results of operations may be adversely affected. To the extent our growth rate slows, our business performance will become increasingly dependent on our ability to retain revenue from existing unique subscriptions and increase sales to existing customers.

The markets in which we compete are characterized by constant change and innovation, and we expect them to continue to evolve rapidly. The success of our business will depend, in part, on our ability to adapt and respond effectively to changing market dynamics on a timely basis while continuing to improve and enhance the functionality, performance, reliability, design, security and scalability of our solutions. For example, as commerce transacted over mobile devices continues to grow more rapidly than desktop transactions, continued effective mobile functionality becomes increasingly integral to our long-term development and growth strategy. If we are unable to develop new and upgraded solutions that satisfy our customers and that keep pace with rapid technological and industry change, our business, financial condition and results of operations could be adversely affected.

The process of developing new technology is complex and uncertain. If we fail to accurately predict customers’ changing needs or emerging technological trends, or we otherwise fail to achieve the benefits expected from our investments in technology, our business, financial condition and results of operations could be harmed. The development of new and upgraded solutions involves a significant amount of time and effort from our research and development team, as it can take months to update, code and test new and upgraded solutions and integrate them into our existing solutions. Further,

The market for providing SaaS-based website design and management software is evolving and highly fragmented and we face competition in various aspects of our business, which we expect to intensify in the future as existing and new competitors introduce new solutions or enhance existing solutions. We also compete with specific providers offering services or products that overlap with parts of our solutions, including online presence solutions, e-commerce solutions, domain registration and website hosting services, email marketing solutions, scheduling solutions and schedulingreservation and restaurant management solutions. Some of our competitors have longer operating histories, larger customer bases, greater brand recognition, more extensive commercial relationships and greater financial and other resources than we do.

New or existing competitors may be able to develop solutions better received by customers or may be able to respond more quickly and effectively than we can to new or changing opportunities, technologies, regulations or requirements of our customers and their users. In addition, some larger competitors may be able to leverage a larger installed customer base and distribution network to adopt more aggressive pricing policies and offer more attractive sales terms, which could increase customer churn, cause us to lose potential sales or reduce prices to remain competitive.

Competition may also intensify as our competitors enter into business combinations or alliances or raise additional capital, or as established companies in other market segments or geographic regions expand into our market segments or geographic regions. For instance, certain competitors could use strong or dominant positions in one or more markets to gain a competitive advantage by integrating competing platforms or features into solutions they control such as search engines, web browsers, mobile device operating systems or social networks or by making access to our platform more difficult. We also expect new entrants to offer competitive solutions. If we cannot compete successfully against current and future competitors, our business, financial condition and results of operations could be negatively impacted.

The growth that we have experienced places significant demands on our operational infrastructure. The scalability and flexibility of our platform depends on the functionality of our technology and network infrastructure and our ability to

Our growth has also placed, and will likely continue to place, a significant strain on our managerial, administrative, operational, financial and other resources. We intend to further expand the business, including into new geographic regions, with no assurance that our revenue will continue to grow. We are likely to recognize the costs associated with these investments earlier than some of the anticipated benefits, and the return on these investments may be lower or may develop more slowly than we expect. Unless our growth results in an increase in our revenues that is proportionate to, or greater than, the increase in our costs associated with this growth, our profitability may be adversely affected. As we grow, we will be required to continue to improve our operational and financial controls, management information systems and reporting procedures and we may not be able to do so effectively.

We believe that protecting, maintaining and enhancing the Squarespace brand is integral to our success, particularly as we seek to attract new customers. Protecting, maintaining and enhancing our brand will depend largely on our ability to continue to provide design-focused and differentiated solutions, which we may not do successfully. The value of our brand may decline if we are unable to maintain the image of the Squarespace brand as design-focused. Successfully maintaining our brand will depend largely on the effectiveness of our marketing efforts, our ability to provide a reliable and useful platform to meet the needs of our customers, our ability to maintain our customers’ trust and our ability to continue to develop and successfully differentiate our solutions. Errors, defects, disruptions or other performance problems with our solutions, including with third-party services accessed through our platform, may harm our reputation and brand.

We also believe that the importance of brand recognition will increase as competition in our market increases and the promotion of our brand may require substantial expenditures. We have invested, and expect tomay continue to invest, substantial resources to increase our brand awareness, both generally and in specific geographies and to specific customer groups. There can be no assurance that our brand development strategies and investment of resources will enhance recognition of the Squarespace brand or lead to an increased customer base. Furthermore, our international branding efforts may prove unsuccessful due to language barriers and cultural differences. If our efforts to protect and promote our brand are not successful, our business, financial condition and results of operations may be adversely affected. In addition, even if brand recognition and loyalty increases, revenue may not increase at a level commensurate with our marketing spend.

We use a variety of marketing channels to promote our brand, including online keyword search, sponsorships and celebrity endorsements, television, podcasts, print and online advertising, email and social media marketing. If we lose access to one or more of these channels because the costs of advertising become prohibitively expensive or for other reasons, we may not be able to promote our brand effectively, which could limit our ability to grow our business. In addition, in order to maintain our current revenues and grow our business, we need to continuously optimize our marketing campaigns aimed at acquiring new customers. However, we may fail to accurately predict customer interest and, as a result, fail to generate the expected return on marketing spend. An unexpected increase in the marginal acquisition cost of new customers may have an adverse effect on our ability to grow our subscription base. We have and may in the future invest a significant portion of our marketing expenses in more traditional advertising and promotion of our brand, including through printout-of-home campaigns and television commercials, the effectiveness of which is more difficult to track than online marketing. If these marketing activities fail to generate traffic to our website, attract potential customers and lead to new and renewed subscriptions at the levels we anticipate, our business, financial condition and results of operations would be adversely affected.

Although we expect continued demand from individuals and businesses for our solutions, it is possible the rate of growth may not meet our expectations, or the market may not grow, including as a result of a negative economic impact from the COVID-19 pandemic or future adverse public health developments.grow. Our expectations for future revenue growth are based in part on assumptions reflecting our industry knowledge and experience serving individuals and businesses, as

Our ability to compete successfully depends on our ability to offer an integrated and comprehensive platform enabling a diverse base of customers to start, grow and run their businesses or promote their brand. The success of our solutions is predicated on the assumption that an online presence is, and will continue to be, an important factor in our customers’ abilities to establish, expand and manage their brand and business quickly, easily and affordably. If we are incorrect in this assumption, for example due to the introduction of a new technology or industry standard superseding the importance of an online presence or rendering our existing or future solutions obsolete, then our ability to retain existing customers and attract new customers could be adversely affected, which could harm our business, financial condition and results of operations.

We believe our focus on customer support is critical to acquiring new customers, retaining existing customers and growing our business. As a result, we have invested heavily in the quality and training of our Customer Operations team along with the tools they use to provide this service. If we are unable to maintain a consistently high level of customer support, we may lose existing customers. In addition, our ability to attract new customers and increase unique subscriptions depends, in part, on the support we provide to customers as well as positive recommendations from our existing customers. Any failure to maintain a consistently high level of customer support, or a market perception that we do not maintain high-quality customer support, could adversely affect our brand, business, financial condition and results of operations.

We have from time to time changed our overall pricing model or the various price points of our subscription plans and add-on services and expect to do so in the future. However, no assurance can be given that any new pricing model or

From time to time, we evaluate potential strategic acquisition or investment opportunities and we have completed various strategic acquisitions in recent periods.periods, including the acquisition of Google Domains. Any future transactions that we enter into could be material to our business, financial condition and results of operations. The process of acquiring and integrating another company or technology could create unforeseen operating difficulties and expenditures. Acquisitions and investments involve a number of risks, such as:

Future acquisitions and investments may also result in dilutive issuances of equity securities, which could adversely affect the trading price of our Class A common stock, result in issuances of securities with superior rights and preferences to our Class A common stock or result in the incurrence of debt with restrictive covenants that limit our operating flexibility.

We may not be able to identify future acquisition or investment opportunities that meet our strategic objectives, or to the extent such opportunities are identified, we may not be able to negotiate terms with respect to the acquisition or investment that are acceptable to us. Acquisitions we complete may not ultimately strengthen our competitive position or achieve our strategic objectives, and any acquisitions we complete could be viewed negatively by investors. To pay for any such acquisition, we may have to use cash or incur debt, both of which may affect our financial condition or the trading price of our Class A common stock. At this time we have made no commitments or agreements with respect to any such material transactions.

Our future success will depend upon our continued ability to attract, hire, integrate and retain highly skilled personnel, including senior management, engineers, designers, product managers, finance, and legal personnel and customer support. Competition for highly skilled personnel is intense. We compete with many other companies for engineers, designers and product managers with meaningful experience in designing, developing and managing software, as

In addition to hiring and integrating new employees, we must continue to focus on retaining our key employees who foster and promote our innovative corporate culture. Our future performance depends on the continued services and contributions of our Founder and Chief Executive Officer, Mr. Casalena, who is critical to the development of our business and growth strategy, in addition to other key employees to execute on our business plan and to identify and pursue new opportunities and solutions. The failure to properly develop or manage succession plans or develop leadership talent or the loss of services of key employees could significantly delay or prevent the achievement of our strategic objectives. From time to time, there may be changes in our senior management team resulting from the hiring or departure of executives, which could disrupt our business. We do not have employmentfixed term agreements with our executive officers or other key personnel that require them to continue to work for us for any specifiedbeyond a standard notice period; therefore, they could terminate their employment with us at any time. The loss of one or more of our key employees (including any limitation on the performance of their duties or short term or long term absences as a result of illness) could adversely affect our business, financial condition and results of operations.

The success of our platform depends, in part, on our ability to integrate and offer third-party services to our customers. In particular, we use Stripe, Inc. (“Stripe”) to process our transactions with our customers and we offer payment processing integrations for our customers to charge their users through Stripe, PayPal Holdings, Inc. (“PayPal”) and Block, Inc. (“Block”). We also use Stripe to process transactions for our native payment solution. While we offer our customers access to three payment processing integrations and our native payment solution through which to charge their users, disruptions or problems with the relevant services provided by any of these companiesStripe, PayPal or Block could have an adverse effect on our reputation, business, financial condition and results of operations. IfFurther, if Stripe PayPal or Blockany of the other payment service providers we use were to terminate, or materially alter, its relationship with us or become unable to continue processing payments on our behalf, we could experience an impact to our financial results or incur substantial delays and expense in finding and integrating an alternative payment service provider to process payments from our customers and their users, and the quality and reliability of any such alternative payment service provider may not be comparable.

In addition to offering our customers access to Stripe and other payment solutions, we offer our customers access to third-party applications for order fulfillment, accounting and other business services as well as third-party content. Third-party application providers may change the features of their applications and third-party content providers and application providers may change how others can access the application or content or alter the terms governing use of their applications or content in an adverse manner. Such changes could limit, restrict or terminate our access to their applications and content, which could negatively impact our solutions and harm our business, financial condition and results of operations. In addition, competitors may offer better functionality than the third-party applications integrated into our platform. If we fail to integrate new third-party applications and content that our customers need for their online presence or to develop them directly, we may not be able to offer the functionality that our customers expect, which would negatively impact our solutions and, as a result, harm our business, financial condition and results of operations.

The reliability and continuous availability of our platform is critical to our success. However, software such as ours often contains errors, defects, security vulnerabilities or software bugs that are difficult to detect and correct, particularly when first introduced or when new versions or enhancements are released. Any third-party software we incorporate into our

Since customers may use our solutions for processes that are critical to their businesses, errors, defects, security vulnerabilities, service interruptions or software bugs in our platform could result in losses to our customers. Customers may seek significant compensation from us for any losses they suffer or they may cease conducting business with us altogether. Further, a customer could share information about bad experiences on social media, which could result in damage to our reputation. There can be no assurance that provisions typically included in agreements with our customers that attempt to limit exposure to claims would be enforceable or adequate or would otherwise protect us from liabilities or damages with respect to any particular claim. Even if not successful, a claim brought against us by any of our customers would likely be time-consuming, divert management’s attention and be costly to defend and could seriously damage our reputation and brand, making it harder to sell our solutions.

Many customers locate our platform through internet search engines, such as Google, and advertisements on social networking sites and online streaming services, such as FacebookInstagram and YouTube. IfYouTube as an alternative to typing our website address directly into a web browser navigation bar. Changes in these customer behaviors or practices may potentially result in reduced traffic to our website. Moreover, if we are listed less prominently or fail to appear in search results for any reason, visits to our website could decline significantly, and we may not be able to replace this traffic. Search engines revise their algorithms from time to time in an attempt to optimize their search results. If the search engines on which we rely for algorithmic listings modify their algorithms, we may appear less prominently or not at all in search results, which could result in reduced traffic to our website that we may not be able to replace. Additionally, if the costs of search engine marketing services, such as Google AdWords, increase, we may incur additional marketing expenses, we may be required to allocate a larger portion of our marketing spend to this channel or we may be forced to attempt to replace it with another channel (which may not be available at reasonable prices, if at all), and our business, financial condition and results of operations could be adversely affected.

Furthermore, competitors may in the future bid on our brand names and other search terms that we use to drive traffic to our website. Such actions could increase our marketing costs and result in decreased traffic to our website. In addition, search engines, social networking sites and video streaming services may change their advertising policies from time to time. If any change to these policies delays or prevents us from advertising through these channels, it could result in

We believe that our integrated web and mobile platform has helped us to grow our customer base. In addition to offering customers mobile-optimized websites created on our platform, we offer mobile apps that enable customers to monitor analytics, fulfill orders and create, edit and manage content from their mobile devices, among other things. In the future, mobileMobile and desktop operating system providers, such as Microsoft, Google, Apple or any other provider of internet browsers, could introduce new features that would make it difficult for customers to use our platform, change existing browser specifications such that they would be incompatible with our platform, prevent users from accessing customers’ sites or limit or preclude our marketing efforts. In addition, we are subject to the standard policies and terms of service of these providers, which may change in the future. We may incur additional costs in order to adapt our platform to other operating systems and may face technical challenges adapting our solutions to different versions of already-supported operating systems, such as Android variants offered by different mobile phone manufacturers, and we may face technical challenges adapting to new hardware and software on the Android and iOS platforms. Any changes to technologies used in our

We currently rely on a limited number of cloud service providers and third-party data center facilities. While we engineer and architect the systems upon which our platform runs, and own the hardware installed at the data centers on which we rely, we do not control the operation of these facilities. We also obtain cloud storage and computing from Amazon and Google. We have experienced, and may in the future experience, failures at the third-party data centers where our hardware is deployed. Data centers are vulnerable to damage or interruption from human error, cyber-crimes, computer viruses and other intentional bad acts, earthquakes, hurricanes, floods, fires, war, terrorist attacks, power losses, hardware failures, systems failures, telecommunications failures and similar events. Changes in law or regulations applicable to data centers in various jurisdictions could also cause a disruption in service. Similarly, if we are unable to utilize cloud services from Amazon andor Google, we could experience delays or disruptions. The occurrence of any of these events or other unanticipated problems with these providers or at these facilities could result in loss of data (including personal information), lengthy interruptions in the availability of our solutions and harm to our reputation and brand.

While our third-party data center and cloud provider agreements may include automatic renewal provisions, these service providers have no obligation to renew the agreements on commercially reasonable terms or at all. In addition, a timely notice of intent not to renew under one or more of these agreements may not provide us with adequate time to transfer operations and may cause disruptions to our platform. Similarly, service providers of other aspects of our critical infrastructure, such as private network connectivity, content delivery, DDoS mitigation, domain registration and domain name servers, among others, are under no obligation to continue to provide these services after the expiration of the respective service agreements, nor are they obligated to renew the terms of those agreements. If we were required to move our equipment to a new facility, move cloud platforms or migrate to a new critical infrastructure vendor without adequate time to plan and prepare for such a migration, we would face significant challenges due to the technical complexity, risk and high costs of the relocation or migration. If we are unable to renew these agreements on commercially reasonable terms, or if the service providers close such facilities or cease providing such services, we may be required to transfer to new service providers and may incur costs and possible service interruption in connection with doing so.

Our success depends upon the general public’s ability to access the internet and continued willingness to use the internet as a means to pay for purchases, communicate, access social media and research and conduct commercial transactions, including through mobile devices. If consumers or sellers become unable, unwilling or less willing to use the internet for commerce for any reason, including lack of access to high-speed communications equipment, internet outages or delays, disruptions or other damage to sellers’ and consumers’ computers, increases in the cost of accessing the internet and security and privacy risks or the perception of such risks, our business, financial condition and results of operations could be adversely affected.

Currently, internet access is provided by companies that have significant market power in the broadband and internet access marketplace, including incumbent telephone companies, cable companies, mobile communications companies and government-owned service providers. Laws or regulations that adversely affect the growth, popularity or use of the internet, including changes to laws or regulations impacting internet neutrality, could decrease the demand for our solutions, increase our operating costs, require us to alter the manner in which we conduct our business or otherwise adversely affect our business, financial condition and results of operations. We could experience discriminatory or anti-competitive practices that could impede our growth, cause us to incur additional expense or otherwise negatively affect our business, financial condition and results of operations. For example, paid prioritization could enable internet service providers to impose higher fees. Public opinion towards internet infrastructure, mobile connected devices and other similar technological advancements is rapidly evolving and such industries have faced criticism in the past. We cannot be certain that the public will continue to support existing or new technologies on which we, our service providers, our customers and

Intellectual property rights are important to our business. We rely on a combination of trade secret, copyright, patent and trademark laws as well as contractual provisions, such as confidentiality clauses, to protect our proprietary technology, know-how, brand and other intellectual property, all of which offer only limited protection. While it is our policy to protect and defend our intellectual property, the steps we take may be inadequate to prevent infringement, misappropriation, dilution or other potential violations of our intellectual property rights or to provide us with any competitive advantage. Further, the laws of foreign countries may not provide as much protection to intellectual property as exists in the United States. For example, some license provisions protecting against unauthorized use, copying, transfer and disclosure of our solutions may be unenforceable or otherwise limited under the laws of certain jurisdictions and foreign countries. Moreover, policing unauthorized use of our intellectual property is difficult, expensive and time-consuming, particularly in foreign countries where the laws may not be as protective of intellectual property rights as those in the United States and where mechanisms for enforcement of intellectual property rights may be weak. To the extent we expand our international activities, our exposure to unauthorized copying and use of our intellectual property and proprietary information may increase. We will not be able to protect our intellectual property if we are unable to enforce our rights or if we do not detect unauthorized use of our intellectual property. Despite the precautions taken by us, it may be possible for unauthorized third partiesthird-parties to copy or reverse engineer our solutions and use information that we regard as proprietary to create solutions that compete with those offered by us.

We enter into confidentiality and invention assignment agreements with our employees and consultants and enter into confidentiality agreements with the parties with whom we have strategic relationships and business alliances. No assurance can be given that these agreements will be effective in controlling access to, or ownership of, our proprietary information and technology or providing adequate remedies for unauthorized use or disclosure of such information or technology. Further, these agreements do not prevent competitors from independently developing technologies that are substantially equivalent or superior to our solutions. Additionally, from time to time we may be subject to opposition or similar proceedings with respect to applications for registrations of our intellectual property, including but not limited to trademark applications. While we aim to acquire adequate protection of our brand through trademark registrations in key markets, occasionally third partiesthird-parties may have already registered or otherwise acquired rights to identical or similar marks for solutions that also address the software market. Any of the pending or future trademark applications and any future patent applications, whether or not challenged, may not be issued with the scope of the claims we seek, if at all. There can be no guarantee that additional trademarks will issue from pending or future applications, that patents will issue from future applications, if any, or that any issued patents or trademarks will not be challenged, invalidated, circumvented or declared invalid or unenforceable, or that the rights granted under the patents will provide us with meaningful protection or any commercial advantage. We rely on our brand and trademarks to identify our solutions to our customers and to differentiate our solutions from those of our competitors. If we are unable to adequately protect our trademarks, third partiesthird-parties may use brand names or trademarks similar to ours in a manner that may cause confusion or dilute our brand names or trademarks, which could decrease the value of our brand.

The software industry is characterized by the existence of a large number of patents and frequent claims and related litigation regarding patents and other intellectual property rights. Third partiesThird-parties have asserted, and may in the future assert, that our platform, solutions, technology, methods or practices infringe, misappropriate or otherwise violate their intellectual

Additionally, non-practicing entities purchase intellectual property assets for the purpose of makingmay make claims of infringement and attemptingattempt to extract settlements from companies like us, and such entities are unlikely to be deterred by a patent portfolio of any size because their sole or primary business is the assertion of patent claims. The risk of claims may increase as the number of solutions we offer and the number of competitors increases and overlaps occur. In addition, to the extent we gain greater visibility and market exposure, we face a higher risk of being the subject of intellectual property infringement claims. If it appears necessary or desirable, we may seek to license intellectual property that our solutions are alleged to infringe. If required licenses cannot be obtained, litigation could result.

Regardless of merit, litigation is inherently uncertain and defending intellectual property claims is costly, can impose a significant burden on management and employees, can disrupt the conduct of our business and can have an adverse effect on our brand, business, financial condition and results of operations. The terms of any settlement or any adverse judgment may require us to pay substantial damages, develop non-infringing technology, enter into royalty-bearing licensing agreements, stop selling or marketing some or all of our solutions, indemnify our customers or partners, refund fees or re-brand our solutions, any of which could be costly and could materially and adversely affect our business, financial condition and results of operations.

We use open-source software that is subject to one or more open-source licenses in connection with our software development and we may incorporate additional open-source software into our software, or otherwise link our software to open-source software. Open-source software is typically freely accessible, usable and modifiable, subject to compliance with the applicable licenses. Certain open-source software licenses require an entity who distributes or otherwise makes available the open-source software in connection with the entity’s software to publicly disclose publicly part or all of the source code to the entity’s software or to make any derivative works of the open-source code or even the entity’s software available to others on potentially unfavorable terms or at no cost.

However, the terms of many open-source licenses have not been interpreted by United States or foreign courts and there is little or no legal precedent governing the interpretation of many of the terms of certain of these licenses. As a result, the potential impact of these terms on our business is uncertain and may result in unanticipated obligations or restrictions relating to the use of our platform. In that event, we could be required to seek licenses from third partiesthird-parties in order to continue offering our solutions, to re-develop our solutions, to discontinue sales of our solutions or to release our proprietary source code under the terms of an open-source license, any of which could harm our business, financial condition and results of operations. From time to time, companies that use open-source software have faced claims challenging the use of open-source software and/or compliance with open-source license terms, and we may be subject to such claims in the future.

While we monitor our use of open-source software and try to ensure that none is used in a manner that would require disclosure of proprietary source code that would preclude us from charging fees for the use of our software or that would otherwise breach the terms of an open-source agreement, we cannot guarantee that our monitoring efforts will be fully successful. While it is our view that the majority of our solutions are not considered distributed software since no installation of the applicable software is necessary, this position could be challenged. In addition, parts of our platform, such as our mobile applications, for example, may be considered to be distributed. Finally, certain open-source licenses require disclosure of proprietary code under certain circumstances, even in the absence of distribution. In those instances, if a specific open-source license requires it, we might be obligated to disclose part of our proprietary code or otherwise be subject to undesirable open-source license terms. Any termination of an open-source license, requirement to disclose proprietary source code or distribute proprietary software on open-source license terms or pay damages for breach of contract could be harmful to our business, financial condition and results of operations, and could help our competitors develop solutions that are similar to or better than ours.

In addition to risks related to license requirements, usage of open-source software can lead to greater risks than the use of third-party commercial software, as open-source licensors generally do not provide warranties, controls on the origin or development of the software or remedies against the licensors. Further, given the nature of open-source software, it may be more likely that third partiesthird-parties might assert copyright and other intellectual property infringement claims against us based on our use of open-source software. Finally, use of open-source software may introduce vulnerabilities into our solutions. Disclosing the source code of our proprietary software could also make it easier for cyber attackers and other third-parties to discover or exploit vulnerabilities in or to defeat the protections of our solutions, which could result in our solutions failing to provide our customers with the security they expect. Likewise, some open source projects have known security or other vulnerabilities or architecture instabilities, or are otherwise subject to security attacks due to their wide availability, or are provided on an “as-is” basis. Many of the risks associated with usage of open-source software cannot be eliminated and could adversely affect our business, financial condition and results of operations.

We accept payments through credit and debit cards and are therefore subject to a number of risks related to credit and debit card payments, including:

There can also be no assurance that the billing system data security standards of our third-party payment service providerproviders will adequately comply with the billing standards of any future jurisdiction in which we seek to market our solutions.

Further, certain of our subsidiaries perform services that relate to the processing of payments or similar activities. The U.S. Department of Treasury’s Financial Crimes Enforcement Network and various state banking departments regulate entities engaged in money transmission and require registration, at the federal level, and licensure, at the state level, of entities engaged in regulated activity. We have relied on various exemptions from such registration and licensing requirements to date and believe, based on our business model, that such exemptions are valid. Any determination that we are not exempt may require expenditures of time and money to remediate and could adversely affect our business, financial condition and results of operations.

Our business involves the storage and/or transmission of personal information, payment card information and other confidential information. In addition, the amount of potentially sensitive or confidential data we store for customers on our servers has been increasing. increasing, including since the introduction of Squarespace Payments, our native payment solution. There has also been an increase in the number of malicious software attacks in the technology industry generally. In our industry, it is typical to experience a high rate of such attacks. For example, we have experienced, and may experience in the future, DDoS attacks aimed at disrupting service to our customers and other attacks on our systems by sophisticated threat actors. Social engineering efforts may compromise our personnel or those of our third party vendors, leading to unauthorized access to facilities, systems or information we have a responsibility to protect.

If third partiesthird-parties succeed in penetrating our security measures or those of our service providers, or in otherwise accessing or obtaining without authorization the sensitive or confidential information we or our service

If we experience any material breaches of security measures or sabotage or otherwise suffer unauthorized use or disclosure of, or access to, personal information, payment card information or other confidential information, we might be required to expend significant capital and resources to address these problems. We may not be able to remedy any problems caused by hackers or other similar actors in a timely manner, or at all. Because techniques used to obtain unauthorized access or to sabotage systems change frequently and generally are not recognized until after they are launched against a target, we and our service providers may be unable to anticipate these techniques or to implement adequate preventative measures. Advances in computer capabilities, discoveries of new weaknesses and other developments with software generally used by the internet community also increase the risk we, or customers using our servers, will suffer a material security breach. We cannot guarantee that our systems, security protocols, network protection mechanisms, cybersecurity awareness training, insider threat protection program, access controls, and other procedures and measures currently in place, or that may be in place in the future, will be adequate to prevent or remediate service interruptions, system failure, third party operating systems and software vulnerabilities, damage to one or more of our systems, data loss, security breaches or other data security incidents. We, our service providers or our customers may also suffer material security breaches or unauthorized access to personal information, payment card information and other confidential information due to employee error, rogue employee activity, unauthorized access by third partiesthird-parties acting with malicious intent or who commit an inadvertent mistake or social engineering. If a material breach of security or other data security incident occurs or is perceived to have occurred, the perception of the effectiveness of our security measures and reputation could be harmed and we could lose current and potential customers, even if the security breach were to also affect one or more of our competitors. Further, concerns about practices with regard to the collection, use, disclosure or security of personal information, payment card information or other confidential information, even if unfounded, could damage our reputation and adversely affect our business, financial condition and results of operations.

Any actual or alleged security breaches or other unauthorized access to personal information, payment card information and other confidential information or alleged violation of federal, state or foreign laws or regulations relating to privacy and data security could result in:

We are subject to a variety of laws and regulations, including regulation by various federal government agencies, including the Federal Trade Commission (“FTC”),FTC, the Federal Communications Commission and state and local agencies, as well as data privacy and security laws in jurisdictions outside of the United States. We collect personal information and other potentially protected information from our employees, our current and prospective customers and their users. The U.S. federal and various state and foreign governments have adopted or proposed limitations on, or requirements regarding, the collection, distribution, use, security and storage of personal information, payment card information or other confidential information of individuals and the FTC and many state attorneys general are applying federal and state consumer protection laws to impose standards on the online collection, use and dissemination of data. Self-regulatory obligations, other industry standards, policies and other legal obligations may apply to our collection, distribution, use, security or storage of personal information, payment card information, payment solution know-your-customer and risk information or other confidential information relating to individuals. These obligations may be interpreted and applied inconsistently from one jurisdiction to another and may conflict with one another, other regulatory requirements or our internal practices. Any failure or perceived failure by us to

We expect there will continue to be newly enacted and proposed laws and regulations as well as emerging industry standards concerning privacy, data protection and information security in the United States, the European Union and other jurisdictions, and we cannot yet determine the impact such future laws, regulations and standards may have on our business. Such laws, regulations, standards and other obligations could impair our ability to, or the manner in which we collect or use information to target advertising to our customers, thereby having a negative impact on our ability to maintain and grow our customer base and increase revenue. For example, the CCPA requires, among other things, that covered companies such as ours provide new disclosures to California consumers and affords such consumers new rights, including the right to access and delete their information and to opt-out of certain sharing and sales of personal information or opt into certain financial incentive programs. The law also prohibits covered businesses from discriminating against consumers (e.g., charging more for services) for exercising any of their CCPA rights. The CCPA took effect on January 1, 2020 and enforcement of the CCPA by the California Attorney General began on July 1, 2020. The CCPA imposes a severe statutory damages framework as well as a private right of action for certain data breaches that result in the loss of personal information. This private right of action is expected to increase the likelihood of, and risks associated with, data breach litigation. It remains unclear how various provisions of the CCPA will be interpreted and enforced. The CCPA has been amended on multiple occasions and is the subject of regulations of the California Attorney General finalized on August 14, 2020.Privacy Protection Agency. Additionally, the California Secretary of State recently certified a new privacy law, the California Privacy Rights Act (the “CPRA”), which California voters approved on November 4, 2020. This initiative significantly modifiesmodified the CCPA, potentially resulting in further uncertainty and requiring us to incur additional costs and expenses in an effort to comply. The CCPAOther states have passed and CPRAothers may lead other states to pass comparable legislation, with potentially greater penalties and more rigorous compliance requirements relevant to our business. The effects of the CCPA, and other similar state or federal laws, are potentially significant and may require us to modify our data processing practices and policies and to incur substantial costs and potential liability in an effort to comply with such legislation. Future restrictions on the collection, use, sharing or disclosure of our customers’ data or additional requirements for express or implied consent of customers for the collection, use, disclosure, sharing or other processing of such information could increase our operating expenses, require us to modify our solutions, possibly in a material manner, or stop offering certain solutions, and could limit our ability to develop and implement new solutions.

In addition, several foreign countries and governmental bodies, including the European Union and Canada, have laws and regulations concerning the collection and use of their residents’ personal information and payment card information, which are often more restrictive than those in the United States. Laws and regulations in these jurisdictions apply broadly to the collection, use, storage, disclosure and security of personal information and payment card information identifying, or which may be used to identify, an individual, such as names, email addresses and, in some jurisdictions, Internet Protocol (IP) addresses, device identifiers and other data. Although we are working to comply with those laws and regulations applicable to us, these and other obligations may be modified and interpreted in different ways by courts, and new laws and regulations may be enacted in the future. We are subject to the E.U. General Data Protection Regulation 2016/679 (the “GDPR”), and following the United Kingdom’s exit from the European Union, from January 1, 2021, we are also subject to the United Kingdom GDPR (the “U.K. GDPR”), which, together with the amended U.K. Data Protection Act of 2018 (the “U.K. Data Protection Act”), retains the GDPR in U.K. national law. The U.K. GDPR mirrors the fines

The regulatory environment applicable to the handling of European Economic Area (“EEA”), Swiss and United Kingdom individuals’ personal data (as such item is used in the GDPR), and our actions taken in response, may cause us to face a risk of enforcement actions by data protection authorities in the EEA, Switzerland and the United Kingdom, assume additional liabilities or incur additional costs and could result in our business, financial condition and results of operations being harmed. In particular, with regard to transfers to the United States of personal data (as such term is used in the GDPR) of our European and United Kingdom employees and our European, Swiss and United Kingdom customers and their users, the U.S.-E.U.European Commission, the United Kingdom Government, and the Swiss Federal Administration (working with the U.S. Department of Commerce) adopted an adequacy decision pursuant to the EU-U.S. Data Privacy Shield wasFramework, the Swiss-U.S. Data Privacy Framework and the UK Extension to the EU-U.S. Data Privacy Frameworks (each individually and jointly, the “Data Privacy Frameworks”). We comply with the Data Privacy Frameworks to provide an additional legal basis for transfers of personal data to the United States from the EEA, Switzerland and the United Kingdom. It is expected that the Data Privacy Frameworks will be subject to legal challenge to be invalidated bythrough the Court of Justice of the European Union in July 2020, and the E.U. Model Clauses have been subject to legal challenge and may be modified or invalidated. The European Commission has adopted the new modular E.U. Model Clauses providing for an 18 month implementation period and the non-legally binding guidance on Supplementary Measures that has been issued by the European Data Protection Board casts doubt on the ability to transfer unencrypted data to the United States. We are monitoring thesethe developments related to the Data Privacy Frameworks and E.U. Model Clauses, but depending on the outcome, we may be unsuccessful in maintaining a legitimate means for our transfer and receipt of personal data from the EEA, Switzerland and United Kingdom in the United States and any other countries

We are also subject to evolving privacy laws on tracking technologies, including cookies and e-marketing. For example, in the European Union and the United Kingdom, regulators are increasingly focusing on compliance with requirements in the online behavioral advertising ecosystem, and current national laws that implement the ePrivacy Directive are highly likely to be replaced by an E.U. regulation known as the ePrivacy Regulation which will significantly increase fines for non-compliance. Recent guidanceGuidance and case law in the European Union and the United Kingdom require opt-in consent for the placement of a cookie or similar tracking technologies on a customer’s device and for direct electronic marketing. Evolving privacy laws on cookies and e-marketing could lead to substantial costs, require significant systems changes, limit the effectiveness of our marketing activities, divert the attention of our technology personnel, adversely affect our margins, increase costs and subject us to additional liabilities. Regulation of cookies and similar technologies, and any decline of cookies or similar online tracking technologies as a means to identify and potentially target users, may lead to broader restrictions and impairments on our marketing and personalization activities and may negatively impact our efforts to understand our customers.

Consumers can, with increasing ease, implement technologies that limit our ability to collect and use data to deliver or advertise our services, or otherwise limit the effectiveness of our platform. Cookies may be deleted or blocked by consumers. The most commonly used Internet browsers allow consumers to modify their browser settings to block first-party cookies (placed directly byfrom the publisher ordomain of the website owner that the consumer intends to interact with)is browsing) or third-party cookies (placed by parties that do not havefrom a direct relationship with the consumer)different domain), and some browsers block third-party cookies by default. Some prominent technology companies, including Google, the owner of the Chrome browser, have announced intentions to discontinue support of third-party cookies, and to develop alternative methods and mechanisms for tracking consumers. Many applications and other devices allow consumers to avoid receiving advertisements by paying for subscriptions or other downloads. Mobile devices using Android and iOS operating systems limit the ability of cookies, or similar technology, to track consumers while they are using applications other than their web browser on the device.

If our privacy or data security measures fail to comply with current or future laws, regulations, policies, legal obligations or industry standards, or are perceived to have failed to so comply, we may be subject to litigation, regulatory investigations and related actions, significant fines (which, for certain breaches of the GDPR or U.K. GDPR, may be up to the greater of €20 million or 4% of total global annual turnover), civil claims including representative actions and other class action type litigation (potentially amounting to significant compensation or damages liabilities) or other liabilities, negative publicity and a potential loss of business. Moreover, if future laws, regulations, other legal obligations or industry standards, or any changed interpretations of the foregoing, limit our customers’ ability to use and share personal information, including payment card information, or our ability to store, process and share such personal information or

Our terms of service and acceptable use policy prohibit our customers from using our platform to engage in illegal or otherwise prohibited activities and our terms of service and acceptable use policy permit us to terminate a customer’s account if we become aware of such use. Customers may nonetheless use our platform to engage in prohibited or illegal activities, such as uploading content in violation of applicable laws, which could subject us to liability. Furthermore, our brand may be negatively impacted by the actions of customers that may be deemed to be hostile, offensive, inappropriate or illegal, whether such actions occur on our platform or otherwise. We do not proactively monitor or review the appropriateness of our customers’ content and we do not have control over customer activities or the activities in which their users engage. The safeguards we have in place may not be sufficient for us to avoid liability or avoid harm to our brand, especially if such hostile, offensive, inappropriate or illegal use is or becomes high profile, which could adversely affect our business, financial condition and results of operations. Customers using the platform may also operate businesses in regulated industries, which are subject to additional scrutiny, increasing the potential liability we could incur.

Our business activities are subject to various restrictions under U.S. export controls and trade and economic sanctions laws, including the U.S. Commerce Department’s Export Administration Regulations and economic and trade sanctions regulations maintained by the U.S. Treasury Department’s Office of Foreign Assets Control (“OFAC”).Control. If we fail to comply with these laws and regulations, we could be subject to civil or criminal penalties and reputational harm. U.S.

Even though we take precautions to prevent transactions with U.S. sanctions targets, there is risk that in the future we could provide our solutions to such targets despite such precautions. This could result in negative consequences to us, including government investigations, penalties and reputational harm. Changes in the list of embargoed countries and regions or prohibited persons may require us to modify these procedures in order to comply with governmental regulations.

Changes in our solutions, changes in export and import regulations or changes in the global environment may create delays in the introduction and sale of our solutions in international markets or, in some cases, prevent the sale of our solutions to certain countries, governments or persons altogether. Any change in export or import regulations, shift in the enforcement or scope of existing regulations or change in the countries, governments, persons or technologies targeted by such regulations, could result in decreased use of our platform or decreased ability to sell our solutions to existing or potential customers. Any decreased use of our solutions or limitation on our ability to sell our solutions internationally could adversely affect our growth prospects.

If we are found to be in violation of the export controls laws and regulations or economic sanctions laws and regulations, penalties may be imposed against us and our employees, including loss of export privileges and monetary penalties, which could have an adverse effect on our business, financial condition and results of operations.

The global nature of our business creates various domestic and local regulatory challenges. The U.S. Foreign Corrupt Practices Act of 1977, as amended (“FCPA”), theFCPA, U.K. Bribery Act, 2010 (“U.K. Bribery Act”), the U.S. Travel Act of 1961 and similar anti-bribery and anti-corruption laws in other jurisdictions generally prohibit companies and their intermediaries from making improper payments to foreign government officials and other persons for the corrupt purpose of obtaining or retaining business, directing business to any person or securing any advantage. In addition, companies are required to maintain records accurately and fairly representing their transactions and having an adequate system of internal accounting controls. We face significant risks if we fail to comply with the FCPA and other anti-corruption and anti-bribery laws prohibiting companies and their employees and third-party intermediaries from authorizing, offering or providing, directly or indirectly, improper payments or benefits to foreign government officials, political parties and private-sector recipients for an illegal purpose.

We sell our solutions to customers around the world, including some in areas of the world that experience corruption by government officials to some degree and, in certain circumstances, compliance with anti-bribery laws may conflict with local customs and practices. In addition, changes in laws could result in increased regulatory requirements and compliance costs which could adversely affect our business, financial condition and results of operations. While we are committed to complying, and training our employees to comply, with all applicable anti-bribery and anti-corruption laws, we cannot assure our employees or other agents will not engage in prohibited conduct and render us responsible under the FCPA, the U.K. Bribery Act or other anti-bribery and anti-corruption laws.

If we are found to be in violation of the FCPA, the U.K. Bribery Act or other anti-bribery and anti-corruption laws (either due to acts or inadvertence of our employees, or due to the acts or inadvertence of others), we could suffer criminal or civil penalties or other sanctions, which could have an adverse effect on our business, financial condition and results of operations. Any violation of the FCPA or other applicable anti-corruption or anti-bribery laws could result in whistleblower complaints, adverse media coverage, investigations, loss of export privileges, severe criminal or civil sanctions and, in the case of the FCPA, suspension or debarment from U.S. government contracts, which could have an adverse effect on our reputation, business, financial condition and results of operations. In addition, responding to any enforcement action may result in a significant diversion of management’s attention and resources and significant defense costs and other professional fees.

To date, laws, regulations and enforcement actions by governments have not materially restricted use of the internet in most parts of the world. However, the legal and regulatory environment relating to the internet is uncertain, and governments may impose regulation in the future. New laws may be passed, courts may issue decisions affecting the internet, existing but previously inapplicable or unenforced laws may be deemed to apply to the internet or regulatory agencies may begin to more rigorously enforce such formerly unenforced laws, or existing legal safe harbors may be narrowed, both by U.S. federal or state governments and by governments of foreign jurisdictions. The adoption of any new laws or regulations, or the narrowing of any safe harbors, could hinder growth in the use of the internet and online services generally, and decrease acceptance of the internet and online services as a means of communications, e-commerce and advertising. In addition, such changes in laws could increase our costs of doing business or prevent us from delivering our solutions over the internet or in specific jurisdictions, which could harm our business, financial condition and results of operations. For example, we rely on a variety of statutory and common-law frameworks and defenses relevant to the

The Internet Corporation for Assigned Names and Numbers (“ICANN”) is a multi-stakeholder, private sector, not-for-profit corporation formed in 1998 for the express purposes of overseeing a number of internet related tasks, including managing the Domain Name System’s (“DNS”) allocation of IP addresses, accreditation of domain name registrars and registries and the definition and coordination of policy development for all of these functions. ICANN has been subject to strict scrutiny by the public and governments around the world, as well as multi-governmental organizations such as the United Nations, with many of those bodies becoming increasingly interested in internet governance. Any instability in the domain name registration system may make it difficult for us to maintain our relationships with accredited domain name registrars andor registries, continue to offer our existing solutions, andor introduce new ones.offerings.

We rely heavily on our network infrastructure and IT systems for our business operations. Unanticipated events such as an onlinea cyber attack (including illegal hacking, ransomware, phishing or criminal fraud or impersonation), earthquake, fire, flood, terrorist attack, power loss, global pandemic or other future adverse public health developments, telecommunications failure or other similar catastrophic events could cause interruptions in the availability of our platform, delays in accessing our solutions, reputational harm and loss of critical data. Such events could prevent us from providing our solutions to our customers and their users. A catastrophic event that results in the destruction or disruption of our data centers, network infrastructure or IT systems, including any errors, defects or failures in third-party services, could result in costly litigation or other claims and adversely affect our business, financial condition and results of operations. We may also need to expend significant additional resources to protect against cyber attacks or other catastrophic events or to redress problems caused by such events. Additionally, our insurance policies may not be adequate to reimburse us for losses caused by these events and we may not be able to fully collect, if at all, under these insurance policies.

As of December 31, 2021,2023, we have outstanding $529.9$571.4 million aggregate principal amount of borrowings under the Term Loan and $9.6$7.3 million aggregate principal amount of borrowings under the Revolving Credit Facility (as defined above). If our cash flows and capital resources are insufficient to fund our debt service obligations, we may be forced to reduce or delay investments and capital expenditures or to sell assets, seek additional capital or restructure or refinance our indebtedness. Our ability to restructure or refinance our current or future debt will depend on the condition of the capital markets and our financial condition at such time. Any refinancing of our debt could be at higher interest rates and may require us to comply with more onerous covenants, which could further restrict our business operations. The terms of existing or future debt instruments may restrict us from adopting some of these alternatives. We cannot assure you that our business will be able to generate sufficient levels of cash or that future borrowings or other financings will be available to us in an amount sufficient to enable us to service our indebtedness and fund our other liquidity needs. In addition, our

The terms of our Credit Agreement include a number of covenants that limit our ability to (subject to negotiated exceptions), among other things, incur additional indebtedness or issue preferred stock, incur liens on assets, enter into agreements related to mergers and acquisitions, dispose of assets or pay dividends and make distributions. The terms of our Credit Agreement may restrict our current and future operations and could adversely affect our ability to finance our future operations or capital needs. In addition, complying with these covenants may make it more difficult for us to successfully execute our business strategy and compete against companies which are not subject to such restrictions.

A failure by us to comply with the covenants specified in the Credit Agreement could result in an event of default under the agreement, which would give the lenders the right to terminate their commitments to provide additional loans under our Revolving Credit Facility and to declare all borrowings outstanding, together with accrued and unpaid interest and fees, to be immediately due and payable. If the debt under the Credit Agreement were to be accelerated, we may not have sufficient cash or be able to borrow sufficient funds to refinance the debt or sell sufficient assets to repay the debt, which could adversely affect our business, financial condition and results of operations.

We offer annual and monthly subscriptions and generally recognize revenue over the term of our customers’ contracts in accordance with GAAP. Accordingly, increases in annual subscriptions during a particular period do not translate into immediate, proportional increases in revenue during such period, and a substantial portion of the revenue we recognize during a quarter is derived from deferred revenue from annual subscriptions purchased during previous quarters. Conversely, a decline in new or renewed annual subscriptions in any one quarter may not significantly reduce revenue for that quarter but could negatively affect revenue in future quarters. Accordingly, the effect of significant downturns in new or renewed sales of our solutions may not be fully reflected in our results of operations until future periods.

As of December 31, 2021,2023, we had customers in over 200 countries and territories and expect to continue to expand our international operations in the future. However, international sales and the use of our platform in various countries subject us to risks that we do not generally face with respect to domestic sales. These risks include, but are not limited to:

These factors may cause international costs of doing business to exceed comparable domestic costs and may also require significant management attention and financial resources. Any negative impact from our international business efforts could adversely affect our business, financial condition and results of operations.

Our business, financial condition and results of operations are affected by fluctuations due to changes in foreign currency exchange rates. While we generate the majority of our revenue in U.S. dollars, a portion of our revenue is denominated in Euros. For the year ended December 31, 2023, 71.7% of our revenue was denominated in U.S. dollars and 28.3% of our revenue was denominated in Euros. As we expand globally, we will be further exposed to fluctuations in currency exchange rates to the extent that the revenue that we generate in currencies other than the U.S. dollar increases. Furthermore, currency exchange rates have been especially volatile in the recent past, and these currency fluctuations have made and may continue to make it difficult for us to accurately predict our results of operations.

With sales in various countries, we are subject to taxation in several jurisdictions around the world with increasingly complex tax laws, the application of which can be uncertain. The amount of taxes paid in these jurisdictions could increase substantially as a result of changes in the applicable tax principles, including increased tax rates, new tax laws or revised interpretations of existing tax laws and precedents, which could have an adverse impact on our liquidity and results of operations.

The determination of our worldwide provision for income taxes and other tax liabilities requires significant judgment by management, and there are transactions where the ultimate tax determination is uncertain. Although we believe that our estimates are reasonable, the ultimate tax outcome may differ from the amount recorded in our consolidated financial statements and may materially affect our financial results in the period or periods for which such determination is made.

We are expanding our international operations and personnel to support our business in international markets. Our corporate structure and associated transfer pricing policies consider the functions, risks and assets of the various entities involved in the intercompany transactions. If two or more affiliated companies are located in different countries, the tax laws or regulations of each country generally will require that transfer prices be the same as those between unrelated companies dealing at arm’s length. If tax authorities in any of these countries were to successfully challenge our transfer prices as not reflecting arm’s length transactions, they could require us to adjust our transfer prices and thereby reallocate income to reflect these revised transfer prices, which could result in a higher tax liability. Our financial statements could fail to reflect adequate reserves to cover such a contingency.

In addition, the authorities in several jurisdictions could review our tax returns and impose additional tax, interest and penalties, which could have an impact on us and our business, financial condition and results of operations.

State, local and foreign jurisdictions have differing tax rules and regulations governing sales, use, value-added, digital services, and other taxes, and these rules and regulations are subject to varying interpretations that may change over time. In particular, the applicability of such taxes to our platform in various jurisdictions is unclear. These jurisdictions’ rules regarding tax nexus are complex and vary significantly. Significant judgment is required on an ongoing basis to evaluate applicable tax obligations, and as a result, amounts recorded are estimates and are subject to adjustments. In many cases, the ultimate tax determination is uncertain because it is not clear how new and existing statutes might apply to our business.

One or more states, localities, the federal government or other countries may seek to impose additional reporting, record-keeping or indirect tax collection and remittance obligations on businesses like ours. An increasing number of jurisdictions have enacted laws or are considering enacting laws requiring e-commerce platforms to report user activity or collect and remit taxes on certain sales through a marketplace. Imposition of an information reporting, record-keeping or tax collection requirement could require us to incur substantial costs in order to comply, including costs associated with tax calculation, collection and remittance, which could adversely affect our business and results of operations. In some cases

As a result, we could face tax assessments and audits. Our liability for these taxes and associated penalties could exceed our historical tax accruals. Jurisdictions in which we have not historically collected or accrued sales, use, value-added or other taxes could assert our liability for such taxes. A successful assertion that we should be collecting additional taxes in jurisdictions where we have not historically done so could result in substantial tax liabilities for past sales. Furthermore, certain jurisdictions such as the United Kingdom and France, have recently introduced a digital services tax, which is generally a tax on gross revenue generated from users or customers located in those jurisdictions, and other jurisdictions have enacted or are considering enacting similar laws. Further, even where we are collecting and remitting taxes to the appropriate authorities, we may fail to accurately calculate, collect, report and remit such taxes. Any of these events could result in substantial tax liabilities and related penalties for past sales. It could also discourage customers from using our platform or otherwise harm our business, financial condition and results of operations.

Determining whether a valuation allowance for deferred tax assets is appropriate requires significant judgment and an evaluation of all positive and negative evidence. We assess the need for, or the sufficiency of, a valuation allowance against deferred tax assets at each reporting period. In making such an assessment, significant weight is given to evidence that can be objectively verified. New facts and circumstances, future financial results, and new tax legislation, among other factors, may require us to reevaluate our valuation allowance positions which could potentially affect our effective tax rate.

We continue to monitor the likelihood that we will be able to recover our deferred tax assets, including those for which a valuation allowance is recorded. There can be no assurance that our deferred tax assets will be fully realized. The determination to record or reverse a valuation allowance is subject to objective factors that cannot be readily predicted in advance and may have a material impact on our financial condition and results of operations.

The Sarbanes-Oxley Act requires, among other things, that we assess the effectiveness of our internal control over financial reporting annually and the effectiveness of our disclosure controls and internal controls over financial reporting that is compliant with Section 404 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act. Our current internal control systems and procedures may not prove to be adequate to support our rapid growth. Any failure of our internal systems, controls and procedures could have an adverse effect on our business, financial condition and results of operations.

Irrespective of compliance with Section 404, asAs we mature, we will need to further develop our internal control systems and procedures to keep pace with our rapid growth and we are currently working to improve our controls. Our current controls and any new controls that we develop may become inadequate because, among other reasons, they may not keep pace with our growth or the conditions in our business may change.

If we fail to maintain effective systems, controls and procedures, including disclosure controls and internal controls over financial reporting, our ability to produce timely and accurate financial statements or comply with applicable regulations and prevent fraud could be adversely impacted. Moreover, we may have to disclose in periodic reports we file with the SEC material weaknesses in our system of internal controls. The existence of a material weakness would preclude management from concluding that our internal controls over financial reporting are effective, and would preclude our independent auditors from issuing an unqualified opinion that our internal controls over financial reporting are effective. We may also experience higher than anticipated operating expenses during and after the implementation of these changes.

If we are unable to implement any of the changes to our internal control over financial reporting effectively or efficiently or are required to do so earlier than anticipated, it could adversely affect our business, financial condition and results of operations. Additionally, we do not expect that our internal control systems, even if timely and well established, will prevent all errors and all fraud. Internal control systems, no matter how well designed and operated, can provide only reasonable, not absolute, assurance that the control system’s objectives will be met.

Most members of our management team have limited experience managing a publicly traded company, interacting with public company investors and complying with the increasingly complex laws pertaining to public companies. Our management team may not successfully or efficiently manage our transition to being a public company that is subject to significant regulatory oversight and reporting obligations under the federal securities laws and the continuous scrutiny of

As a public company, we are subject to the reporting requirements of the Exchange Act, the Sarbanes-Oxley Act, the Dodd-Frank Wall Street Reform and Consumer Protection Act, the listing requirements of the New York Stock Exchange (“NYSE”) on which our Class A common stock is traded and other applicable securities rules and regulations. The SEC and other regulators have continued to adopt new rules and regulations and make additional changes to existing regulations that require our compliance. Stockholder activism, the current political environment and the current high level of government intervention and regulatory reform may lead to substantial new regulations and disclosure obligations, which may lead to additional compliance costs and impact, in ways we cannot currently anticipate, the manner in which we operate our business. We expect that compliance with these rules and regulations will continue to cause us to incur additional accounting, legal and other expenses that we did not incur as a private company. Any failure by us to file our periodic reports with the SEC in a timely manner could harm our reputation and reduce the trading price of our Class A common stock. We also anticipate that we will continue to incur costs associated with corporate governance requirements, including requirements under securities laws, as well as rules and regulations implemented by the SEC and the NYSE, particularly after we are no longer an “emerging growth company.”NYSE. We expect these rules and regulations to increase our legal and financial compliance costs and to make some activities more time-consuming and costly, while also diverting some of management’s time and attention from revenue-generating activities. Furthermore, these rules and regulations could make it more difficult or more costly for us to obtain certain types of insurance, including director and officer liability insurance, and we may be forced to accept reduced policy limits and coverage or incur substantially higher costs to obtain the same or similar coverage. The impact of these requirements could also make it more difficult for us to attract and retain qualified persons to serve on our board of directors, our board committees or as executive officers. These rules and regulations are often subject to varying interpretations, in many cases due to their lack of specificity, and, as a result, their application in practice may evolve over time as new guidance is provided by regulatory and governing bodies. This could result in continuing uncertainty regarding compliance matters and higher costs necessitated by ongoing revisions to disclosure and governance practices. In addition, if we fail to comply with these rules and regulations, we could be subject to a number of penalties, including the delisting of our Class A common stock, fines, sanctions or other regulatory action or civil litigation.

The trading price of our Class A common stock may be volatile and subject to wide fluctuations in response to many risk factors listed in this section, and others beyond our control, including:

In addition to the supply and demand and volatility factors discussed above, sales of a substantial number of shares of our Class A common stock into the public market, particularly sales by our Founder, directors, executive officers and principal stockholders, or the perception that these sales might occur in large quantities, could cause the trading price of our Class A common stock to decline.

None of our security holders are subject to any contractual restriction on the transfer or sale of their shares.

In addition, certain of our stockholders have rights, subject to some conditions, to require us to file registration statements for the public resale of their Class A common stock or to include such shares in registration statements that we may file for us or other stockholders. Any registration statement we file to register additional shares, whether as a result of registration rights or otherwise, could cause the trading price of our Class A common stock to decline or be volatile.

Our Class A common stock has one vote per share and our Class B common stock has ten votes per share. The multi-class structure of our common stock has the effect of concentrating voting control with our Class B common stockholders. As of December 31, 2021,2023, Mr. Casalena holds a majority of the voting power of our outstanding capital stock. As a result, Mr. Casalena will have control over most matters that require approval by our stockholders, including the election of directors and approval of significant corporate transactions. He may also have interests that differ from yours and may vote in a way with which you disagree and which may be adverse to your interests. Corporate actions might be taken even if other stockholders oppose them. This concentration of ownership may have the effect of delaying, preventing or deterring a change of control or other liquidity event of our company, could deprive our stockholders of an opportunity to receive a premium for their shares of Class A common stock as part of a sale or other liquidity event and might ultimately affect the trading price of our Class A common stock. Future transfers by holders of Class B common stock will generally result in those shares converting to Class A common stock, which will have the effect, over time, of increasing the relative voting power of those holders of Class B common stock who retain their shares in the long term.

Pursuant to our amended and restated certificate of incorporation, we are authorized to issue 1,000,000,000 shares of Class C common stock and as of December 31, 2021,2023, there is no Class C common stock outstanding. Although we have no current plans to issue any shares of Class C common stock in the future, we may issue shares of Class C common stock for a variety of corporate purposes, including financings, acquisitions, investments, dividends and equity incentives to our employees, consultants and directors. Under our amended and restated certificate of incorporation, our board of directors has the authority, without stockholder approval except as required by the listing standards of the NYSE, to issue additional shares of our capital stock. Because the Class C common stock carries no voting rights, is not convertible into any other capital stock and is not listed for trading on an exchange or registered for sale with the SEC, shares of Class C common stock may be less liquid and less attractive to any future recipients of these shares than shares of Class A common stock, although we may seek to list the Class C common stock for trading and register shares of Class C common stock for sale in the future. In addition, because our Class C common stock carries no voting rights and is not counted when determining whether the seven percent ownership threshold related to automatic conversion of the Class B common stock is met, if we issue shares of Class C common stock in the future, the holders of our Class B common stock, including our Founder and Chief Executive Officer, may be able to elect all of our directors and to determine the outcome of most matters submitted to a vote of our stockholders for a longer period of time than would be the case if we issued Class A common stock rather than Class C common stock in such transactions. In addition, if we issue shares of Class C common stock in the future, such issuances would have a dilutive effect on the economic interests of our Class A common stock and Class B common stock.

We cannot predict whether our multi-class structure will result in a lower or more volatile market price of our Class A common stock, in adverse publicity or other adverse consequences. For example, certain index providers have announced restrictions on including companies with multiple-class share structures in certain of their indexes. S&P, Dow Jones and FTSE Russell have each announced changes to their eligibility criteria for inclusion of shares of public companies on certain indices, including the S&P 500. These changes exclude companies with multiple classes of shares of common stock from being added to these indices. In addition, several stockholder advisory firms have announced their opposition to the use of multiple class structures. As a result, the multi-class structure of our capital stock may prevent the inclusion of our Class A common stock in these indices and may cause stockholder advisory firms to publish negative commentary about our corporate governance practices or otherwise seek to cause us to change our capital structure. Any such exclusion from

The multi-class structure of our common stock additionally has the effect of concentrating voting control with our Class B common stockholders, including our Founder and Chief Executive Officer. This concentrated control could delay, defer, or prevent a change of control, merger, consolidation, takeover, or other business combination involving us that you, as a stockholder, may otherwise support, and could allow us to take actions that some of our stockholders do not view as beneficial, which could reduce the trading price of our Class A common stock. Furthermore, this concentrated control could also discourage a potential investor from acquiring our Class A common stock due to the limited voting power of such stock relative to the Class B common stock and might harm the trading price of our Class A common stock. Any issuance of Class C common stock could also cause the trading price of our Class A common stock to decline.

Our amended and restated certificate of incorporation and our amended and restated bylaws contain provisions that could delay or prevent a change in control of our company. These provisions could also make it more difficult for stockholders to elect directors and take other corporate actions. These provisions include:

These and other provisions in our amended and restated certificate of incorporation and our amended and restated bylaws and under Delaware law could discourage potential takeover attempts, reduce the price investors might be willing to pay in the future for shares of our Class A common stock and result in the trading price of our Class A common stock being lower than it would be without these provisions.

Our amended and restated certificate of incorporation provides that, unless we consent in writing to the selection of an alternative forum, the Court of Chancery of the State of Delaware will be the sole and exclusive forum for (i) any derivative action or proceeding brought on our behalf; (ii) any action asserting a claim of breach of a duty (including any fiduciary duty) owed by any of our current or former directors, officers, stockholders, employees or agents to us or our stockholders; (iii) any action asserting a claim against us or any of our current or former directors, officers, stockholders,

This provision, however, does not apply to suits brought to enforce any duty or liability created by the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the "Securities Act") or the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the "Exchange Act"), or rules and regulations thereunder. The federal district courts of the United States of America will, to the fullest extent permitted by law, be the sole and exclusive forum for resolving any complaint asserting a cause of action arising under the Securities Act or the Exchange Act. Accordingly, while there can be no assurance that federal or state courts will determine that our exclusive forum provision should be enforced in a particular case, suits brought by our stockholders to enforce any duty or liability created by the Securities Act must be brought in federal court and cannot be brought in state court.

Our investors are deemed to have notice of and consented to these forum provisions, provided, however, that stockholders will not be deemed to have waived our compliance with the federal securities laws and the rules and regulations thereunder. These provisions may limit our stockholders’ ability to bring a claim in a judicial forum they find favorable for disputes with us or our directors, officers or other employees, which may discourage lawsuits against us and our directors, officers and other employees and agents. Alternatively, if a court were to find the choice of forum provision contained in our amended and restated certificate of incorporation to be inapplicable or unenforceable in an action, we may incur additional costs associated with resolving such action in other jurisdictions, which could harm our business, operating results and financial condition.

From time to time, we may provide guidance via public disclosures regarding our projected business, financial condition or results of operations. However, any such projections involve risks, assumptions and uncertainties, and our actual results could differ materially from such projections. Factors that could cause or contribute to such differences include, but are not limited to, those identified in these Risk Factors, some or all of which are not predictable or in our control. Other unknown or unpredictable factors also could adversely impact our performance, and we undertake no obligation to update or revise any projections, whether as a result of new information, future events or otherwise. In addition, various news sources, bloggers and other publishers often make statements regarding our historical or projected business or financial performance, and you should not rely on any such information even if it is attributed directly or indirectly to us.

The trading market for our Class A common stock will be influenced by the research and reports that industry or securities analysts publish about us or our business. We do not control these analysts. If any of the analysts who cover us downgrade our Class A common stock or our industry, or the stock of any of our competitors, or publish inaccurate or unfavorable research about our business, the price of our Class A common stock may decline. If analysts cease coverage of us or fail to regularly publish reports on us, we could lose visibility in the financial markets, which in turn could cause the price or trading volume of our Class A common stock to decline and our Class A common stock to be less liquid.

Additional issuances of our stock, exercise of options or vesting of RSUs will result in dilution to existing holders of our capital stock. The amount of dilution could be substantial depending upon the size of the issuance, exercise or vesting. As part of our business strategy, we may acquire or make investments in companies, products or technologies and issue equity securities to pay for any such acquisition or investment. Any such issuances of additional capital stock may cause stockholders to experience significant dilution of their ownership interests and the trading price of our Class A common stock to decline.

Our corporate headquarters, primarily used for product development, marketing and business operations, areis located in New York, New York and consistconsists of 166,088 square feet of office space under a lease that expires in 2030. We also lease 26,248 square feet of office space in Portland, Oregon,Chicago, IL, primarily used for our hospitality platform, and 24,586 square feet of office spaceinternationally in Dublin, Ireland primarily used for additional business operations andservices, customer care under leases that expire in 2031 and 2030, respectively. We also lease 6,498 square feet of office space in Los Angeles, California primarily for creative marketing under a lease that expires in 2023. In March 2021, in conjunction with the acquisition of Tock, we assumed 20,118 square feet of leased office space in Chicago, Illinois under a lease that expires in 2023. In July 2021, we leased an additional 51,345 square feet of office space in Chicago, Illinois under a lease that expires in 2033.product development.

From time to time, we may be involved in various legal proceedings arising from the normal course of business activities. We are not presently a party to any litigation the outcome of which we believe, if determined adversely to us, would individually or taken together have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition and results of operations.

Our Class A common stock has been listed on the NYSE under the symbol “SQSP” since May 19, 2021. Prior to that date, there was no public trading market for our Class A common stock. Our Class B and Class C common stock are neither listed nor publicly traded.

As of February 15, 2022,20, 2024, there were 9435 holders of record of our Class A common stock and 43 holders of record of our Class B common stock. As of February 15, 2022,20, 2024, there were no shares of our Class C common stock outstanding. Because many of our shares of Class A common stock are held by brokers and other institutions on behalf of stockholders, we are unable to estimate the total number of stockholders represented by these record holders.

We currently intend to retain any future earnings and do not expect to pay any dividends in the foreseeable future. Any future determination to declare cash dividends will be made at the discretion of our board of directors, subject to applicable laws, and will depend on a number of factors, including our financial condition, results of operations, capital requirements, contractual restrictions, general business conditions and other factors that our board of directors may deem relevant. In addition, the terms of our credit facility contain restrictions on our ability to declare and pay cash dividends on our capital stock, and we may enter into credit agreements or other borrowing arrangements in the future that may restrict our ability to declare and pay cash dividends.

The following graph compares the cumulative total return to stockholders on our Class A common stock from May 19, 2021 (the date our Class A common stock commenced trading on the NYSE) through December 31, 2023 relative to the cumulative total returns of the Standard & Poor’s 500 Index and the Standard & Poor’s Information Technology Index over the same period. An investment of $100 (with reinvestment of all dividends) is assumed to have been made in our Class A common stock and in each index at the market close on May 19, 2021, and its relative performance is tracked through December 31, 2021.2023. The returns shown are based on historical results and are not intended to suggest future performance.

Squarespace is an all-in-one platform with everythingenables anyone to sell anything,stand out and succeed online, providing customers in over 200 countries and territories with all the tools they need to sell physical products,for an online presence with best-in-class design and a consistent brand across domains, websites, marketing and social media. Our commerce solutions include tools for selling digital content, classes, appointments, reservations, physical goods and more. Powered by best-in-class design for a consistent brand experience across all touchpoints, our suite of fully integrated products enables anyone to manage their projects and businesses through websites, domains, e-commerce, marketing tools, and scheduling, along with tools for managing a social media presence with Unfold and hospitality services via Tock.

We primarily derive revenue from monthlyannual and annualmonthly subscriptions to our presence and commerce solutions. Subscription revenue accounted for 92.1%92.0%, 91.5% and 94.3%92.1% of our total revenue duringfor the years ended 2021December 31, 2023, 2022 and 2020,2021, respectively. Payments for our subscription plans are generally collected at the beginning of the subscription period and we generally recognize the associated revenue ratably over the term of the customer contract. Non-subscription revenue primarily consists of commerce transaction fees received through revenue sharing arrangements with payment processors that handle our customers’ commerce transactions, payment processing fees received in exchange for use of our hospitality services as well as revenue we generate from third-party services we offer that provide additional functionality to our customers.

We generated revenue of $1,012.3 million, $867.0 million and $784.0 million during the years ended December 31, 2023, 2022 and $621.1 million in fiscal 2021, and 2020, respectively, and a net (loss)/incomeloss of $(249.1)$7.1 million, $252.2 million and $30.6$249.1 million induring the years ended December 31, 2023, 2022 and 2021, and 2020, respectively. We believe we have a stable and predictableour business model is driven by efficient customerstable retention of our existing customers as well as the acquisition and the adoption by ourof new customers, over time of higher valueincluding additional offerings and add-on subscriptions. Oursubscriptions which allow our customers to grow and scale with our platform serves all types of customers, from SMBs and independent creators, such as restaurants, photographers, wedding planners, artists, musicians and bloggers, to iconic brands.their needs evolve. No individual unique subscription accounted for more than 1% of our total bookings in 2021 and 2020.

On September 7, 2023, we had not experiencedclosed an asset purchase agreement with Google LLC ("Google") to acquire, among other things, Google's domain assets, including all domain names for which Google is the registrar or reseller, for a materially adverse impact from COVID-19. We continue to assess the potential impactstotal amount paid of COVID-19$180.7 million (the "Google Domains Asset Acquisition "). See "Item 8. Financial Statements and the measures taken by governments, businesses and other organizations in response to COVID-19 as information becomes available. See “Item 1A. Risk Factors” and “CautionarySupplementary Data, Note Regarding Forward-Looking Statements”4. Acquisitions" for further information. Unique subscriptions and average revenue per unique

The growth of newAcquiring and retaining unique subscriptions to our platform is the primary driver of our revenue growth. The number of unique subscriptions toon our platform, has grown sequentially across 24 consecutive quarters, rising to 4.1excluding the Acquired Domain Assets, was 4.6 million unique subscriptions as of December 31, 2021,2023, representing an increase of 11.8%10.2% relative to December 31, 2020.2022. The number of unique subscriptions on our platform was 4.2 million as of December 31, 2022, representing an increase of 2.9% relative to December 31, 2021. In order to continue to growsupport the numberacquisition of new unique subscriptions, we intend to continue to invest in our direct response marketing efforts develop new points of entry to our platform and expand internationally. We increased our marketing and sales spend over 30.7% during the year ended December 31, 2021 relative to the year ended December 31, 2020. We view this increased spending as a long-term investment in our business to attract new unique subscriptions.

We believe that our commerce offerings significantly expand our addressable market. Our comprehensive commerce offerings enable our customers to sell anything online, attracting a differentiated set of commerce-oriented brands to our platform. On March 31, 2021, we acquired Tock, which expanded

We continue to invest in our commerce offerings by adding a platform for reservations, take-out, deliveryto deepen and eventsexpand functionality. Our commerce revenue was $308.0 million, $269.7 million and $229.5 million for the hospitality industry. For the yearyears ended December 31, 2023, 2022 and 2021, our platform

We rely on hiring and retaining a talented product development workforce. The success of our customers relies on the innovation tied to this workforce and our ability to remain agile to address customer needs. Our research and product development expenses were $242.2 million, $227.3 million and $190.4 million for the years ended December 31, 2023, 2022 and 2021, respectively, representing an increase of 6.6% and 19.4% from the same period in 2022 and 2021, representing 13.4% growth over 2020.respectively.

As of December 31, 2021,2023, we had customers in over 200 countries and territories and our international customers represented approximately 30% of our total bookings. As foreign currency exchange rates change, translation of the statements of operations of our international businesses into U.S. dollars may affect year-over-year comparability of our operating results.results of operations.

We primarily derive revenue from annual and monthly subscriptions. Typically, annual and monthly subscriptions represent 70%approximately 75% and 30%25% of total subscriptions, respectively. Revenue is also derived from non-subscription services, including fixed percentages or fixed-fees earned on revenue share arrangements with third partiesthird-parties and on sales made through our customers’ sites. In addition, we earn fixed-fees on sales through certain hospitality offerings and payment processing fees in exchange for use of our hospitality services. Payments received for subscriptions in advance of fulfillment of our performance obligations are recorded as deferred revenue. Subscription plans automatically renew unless advance notice is provided to us. We primarily recognize subscription revenue ratably on a straight-line basis, net of a reserve for refunds. Transaction fee revenue, payment processing revenue and revenue generated from third partiesthird-parties is recognized at a point in time, when the sale has been completed.

Presence revenue primarily consists of fixed-fee subscriptions to our plans that offer core platform functionalities, currently branded “Personal” and “Business” plans in our offerings. Presence revenue also consists of fixed-fee subscriptions related to additional entry points for starting online such as domain managed services and social media stories.services. Additionally, presence revenue is derived from third-party solutions related to email services and access to third-party content to enhance online presence. For customers in need of a larger scale solution, we have an enterprise offering where revenue is recognized over the life of the contract.

Commerce revenue primarily consists of fixed-fee subscriptions to our plans that offer all the features of presence plans as well as additional features that support end to end commerce transactions, currently branded “Basic” and “Advanced” in our plan offerings. Commerce revenue also includes fixed-fee subscriptions to a number of other tools that support running an online business such as marketing, members areas,memberships, courses, scheduling and hospitality tools. Non-subscription revenue is derived from fixed-fees earned on revenue share arrangements with commerce partners as well as fixed transaction fees earned on GMV processed through our native payment processing solution, Business plan sites and certain hospitality offerings. Commerce revenue also includes payment processing fees received in exchange for use of our hospitality services.

Cost of revenue primarily consists primarily of domain name registration fees, credit card and payment processing fees, domain registration fees, andcustomer support employee related expenses, web hosting costs. Costcosts, amortization of revenue also includes customer support employee-related expenses, amortizationacquisition-related intangible assets associated with acquired technology and depreciation,

Research and product development expenses are primarily employee-related expenses, costs associated with continuously developing new solutions and enhancing and maintaining our technology platform as well as allocated shared costs. These costs are expensed as incurred. Employee-related expenses consist of salaries, taxes, benefits and stock-based compensation. In addition, weWe capitalize employee-related expenses relating to software development costs incurred in connection with adding functionality to our platform, as well as internal-use projects during the application development stage. These capitalized software development costs are deferred and amortized ratably over three years.

Marketing and sales expenses include costs related to advertisements used to drive customer acquisition, employee-related expenses, related to our brand,amortization of acquisition-related intangible assets associated with acquired customer relationships, customer acquisition and creative assets, affiliate fees on customer referrals sales commissions and allocated shared costs. Employee-related expenses consist of salaries, sales commissions, taxes, benefits and stock-based compensation. Allocated shared costs include customer support costs related to assistance provided by our customer service team to customers during their trial periods on our platform. Depending on the nature of the advertising, costs are expensed at the time a commercial initially airs, when a promotion first appears in the media or as incurred. Affiliate fees on customer referrals are deferred and recognized ratably over the expected period of our relationship with the new customer. In addition, we capitalize salesSales commissions paid to internal sales personnel relating to obtaining customer contracts for hospitality services. Theseare capitalized sales commissions are deferred and amortized ratably over the expected life of the new customer.

General and administrative expenses are primarily employee-related expenses, which consist of salaries, taxes, benefits and stock-based compensation associated with supporting business operationsoperations. General and administrative expenses also include software and subscription services, external accounting and legal professional service fees, indirect taxes, as well as expenses required to comply with government regulations in the markets in which we operate.insurance. The functional elements included in general and administrative are finance, people, legal, information technology and overall corporate support. Employee-related expenses consist

In conjunction with the listing of our class A common stock (the “Direct Listing”) on the New York Stock Exchange (“NYSE”) inNYSE on May 19, 2021, we incurred certain stock-based compensation expenses associated with the vesting conditions of a grant to our Chief Executive Officer (“CEO”) of shares of Class B common stock upon consummation of the listing which resulted in a one-time expense of $229.3 million.million during the year ended December 31, 2021. In addition, during the year ended December 31, 2021, we incurred professional fees of $25.3 million associated with the Direct Listing. We expect

The impairment charge during the year ended December 31, 2022 represents a non-cash goodwill impairment charge of $225.2 million primarily due to continuemarket values deteriorating subsequent to incur additional expensesthe Tock acquisition as awell as the result of operatinga change in product strategy during the fourth quarter of 2022 as a public company, including costs to comply with the rules and regulations applicable to companies listed on a U.S. securities exchange and costs related to compliance and reporting obligations pursuant to the rules and regulationsresult of the SEC. In addition, as a public company, we expect to incur additional costs associated with accounting, compliance, insurancedeparture of certain members of management. See “Item 8. Financial Statements and investor relations.Supplementary Data, Note 9. Goodwill and Intangible Assets, Net” for further information on the impairment charge.

Interest expense primarily consists of the interest expense related to our debt facilities as well as the expense on acquisition liabilities.facilities. For further discussion on our interest expense related to our debt facilities, see “Liquidity"Liquidity and Capital Resources, Indebtedness.”

Other income/(loss),income, net is primarily comprised of net investment income and realized and unrealized foreign currency gains and losses. See “Item 7A. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk, Foreign Currency Exchange Risk.”

We are subject to income taxation and file U.S. federal income tax returns as well as income tax returns in the various U.S. states and foreign jurisdictions in which we conduct business. During interim periods we use the estimated annual effective tax rate approach to determine the (provision for)/benefit fromThe Company accounts for income taxes expectedunder the asset and liability method, and deferred tax assets and liabilities are recognized for jurisdictions for which a loss is expectedthe future tax consequences attributable to differences between the financial statement carrying values of existing assets and liabilities and their respective tax bases. Deferred tax assets and liabilities are measured using enacted tax rates in effect for the year in which those temporary differences are expected to be recovered or settled. The Company recognizes deferred tax assets to the extent it believes these assets are more likely than not to be realized. In making such a determination, the Company considers all positive and no benefit cannegative evidence, including future reversals of existing taxable temporary differences, projected future taxable income, tax planning strategies and recent results of operations. A valuation allowance is provided if it is determined that it is more likely than not that the deferred tax asset will not be realized.

The Company recognizes tax benefits from uncertain tax positions only if it is more likely than not that the tax positions will be sustained on examination by the tax authority. The tax benefits recognized in the financial statements from such positions are measured based on the largest amount that is more than 50% likely to be realized upon ultimate settlement. The Company recognizes interest and penalties, where appropriate, related to unrecognized tax benefits in income tax expense.

Effective December 1, 2018, the Company became subject to a U.S. tax requirement that certain income earned by foreign subsidiaries, referred to as Global Intangible Low-Taxed Income (“GILTI”), must be included in the gross income of the subsidiary’s U.S. shareholder. Accounting principles generally accepted in the U.S. provide for those losses, and the tax effectan accounting policy election of discrete itemseither recognizing deferred taxes for temporary differences expected to reverse as GILTI in future years or recognizing such taxes as a current period expense when incurred. The Company elected to treat GILTI as a current period expense when incurred.

The following table sets forth our consolidated statements of operations information for the years ended December 31, 20212023, 2022 and 2020.2021:

The following table sets forth our consolidated statements of operations information as a percentage of total revenue for the years ended December 31, 20212023, 2022 and 2020.2021:

The following table sets forth our consolidated revenue by geographic location and our consolidated revenue by geographic location as a percentage of total revenue for the years ended December 31, 20212023, 2022 and 2020.2021:

Presence revenue increased $76.7$107.0 million, or 16.1%17.9%, for the year ended December 31, 20212023 compared to the same period in 2020.2022. This increase was primarily the result of the growth of our unique subscriptions, which contributed $60.6 million, or 56.6%, driven by retention of existing subscriptions and continued acquisition of new subscriptions across our presence offerings. As described above, unique subscriptions do not account for the Acquired Domain Assets. Additionally, price increases across our website subscription plans contributed $34.3 million, or 32.1%, to the year-over-year presence revenue growth.

Cost of revenue increased $54.9 million, or 35.9%, for the year ended December 31, 2023 compared to the same period in 2022. The increase was primarily a resultdue to increases in domain name registration fees of stronger retention of our existing subscriptions, which we believe stems from a sustained demand for an online presence as more brands look to expand their digital operations.$35.3 million, primarily

Gross profit increased $86.2$90.5 million, or 60.1%12.7%, for the year ended December 31, 20212023 compared to the same period in 2020.2022, primarily due to the growth of our unique subscriptions, partially offset by increases in domain name registration fees primarily attributed to domain subscriptions associated with the Google Domains Asset Acquisition. As a result, gross profit as a percentage of revenue was 79.5% for the year ended December 31, 2023 compared to 82.4% for the same period in 2022.

Research and product development expenses increased $14.9 million, or 6.6%, for the year ended December 31, 2023 compared to the same period in 2022. The increase was primarily due to payroll and associated benefit expenses of $24.3 million, partially offset by capitalized internally developed software costs of $10.4 million in support of our product development.

Interest expense increased $18.6 million, or 101.9%, for the year ended December 31, 2023 compared to the same period in 2022, primarily due to higher interest rates, driven by increased benchmark rates on our total debt outstanding, as well as additional term loan commitments received during the year ended December 31, 2023.

Presence revenue increased $42.8 million, or 7.7%, for the year ended December 31, 2022 compared to the same period in 2021. This increase was primarily the result of the growth of our unique subscriptions, which contributed $60.3 million, or 141.3%, driven by retention of existing subscriptions and continued acquisition of new subscriptions across our presence offerings. Additionally, price increases across our website subscription base, hospitality services, andplans contributed $5.9 million, or 13.9%, to the year-over-year presence revenue growth. These increases were partially offset by the unfavorable effect of foreign currency translation adjustments of $23.4 million, or 54.7%.

Commerce revenue increased $40.2 million, or 17.5%, for the year ended December 31, 2022 compared to the same period in 2021. This increase was primarily the result of the growth of GMV processed through our platformunique subscriptions, which contributed approximately $32.8 million, or 81.6%, driven by retention of existing subscriptions and products.continued acquisition of new subscriptions across our commerce offerings, including subscriptions for our scheduling and hospitality services.

Cost of revenue increased $28.3$26.0 million, or 28.8%20.6%, for the year ended December 31, 20212022 compared to the same period in 2020.2021. The increase was primarily driven bydue to increased payment processing fees as well as third-partyof $9.0 million, hosting costs of $4.9 million and hosting costsdomain name registration fees of $2.7 million associated with our growing subscription base and our hospitality services. The increase was also driven byas well as payroll and associated benefit expenses of $8.7 million for customer support associated with hospitality services.support.

Gross profit increased $134.6$56.9 million, or 25.7%8.7%, for the year ended December 31, 20212022 compared to the same period in 2020.2021. As a percentage of total revenue, gross profit was 83.8%82.4% and 84.2%83.8% for the years ended December 31, 20212022 and 2020,2021, respectively.

Research and product development expenses increased $22.5$36.9 million, or 13.4%19.4%, for the year ended December 31, 20212022 compared to the same period in 2020.2021. The increase iswas primarily due to payroll and associated benefitsbenefit expenses of $37.0 million related to increased headcount, partially offset by capitalized internally developed software costs of $4.5 million, in support of our product development roadmap, and the addition of hospitality services. This increase is offset by an $18.3 million special bonus included within the year ended December 31, 2020 with no comparable expense during the year ended December 31, 2021.

Marketing and sales expenses increased $79.9decreased $17.9 million, or 30.7%5.3%, for the year ended December 31, 20212022 compared to the same period in 2020,2021, primarily due to increaseddecreased advertising expenses of $33.0 million mainly related to decreased brand spend in multiple brand andchannels, partially offset by increased direct response channels in both domestic and international markets. The remainder of the increasechannels. Additionally, this decrease was primarily due topartially offset by increased payroll and associated benefitsbenefit expenses of $13.4 million related to increased headcount in support of our expanded marketing operations and amortization of intangible assets.

We incurred an impairment charge of $225.2 million for the year ended December 31, 2022 which represents a public company, including increased expenses for insurance, costsnon-cash goodwill impairment charge primarily due to comply with the rules and regulations applicable to companies listed on a national securities exchange, costs related to compliance and reporting obligations pursuantmarket values deteriorating subsequent to the rules and regulationsTock acquisition as well as the result of a change in product strategy during the fourth quarter of 2022 as the result of the SECdeparture of certain members of management. See “Item 8. Financial Statements and investor relationsSupplementary Data, Note 9. Goodwill and professional services expenses.Intangible Assets, Net” for further information on the impairment charge.

Interest expense increased $1.0$7.1 million, or 10.3%64.3%, for the year ended December 31, 20212022 compared to the same period in 2020,2021, due to higher interest rates, driven by increased LIBOR rates on our total debt outstanding throughout the year in relationrelated to our amended credit agreementagreement.

Other income, net was $5.0 million for the year ended December 31, 2022 compared to $6.6 million for the same period in 2021. The decrease was primarily due to decreased unrealized and realized gains of $3.1 million due to unfavorable foreign exchange rates, partially offset by favorableincreased interest earned on cash and cash equivalents of $1.1 million due to higher interest rates for the year ended December 31, 20212022 compared to the same period in 2020.2021.

Other income/(loss), net was in a netThe provision for income position of $6.6 milliontaxes increased for the year ended December 31, 2021 compared to a net loss position of $(7.7) million during the same period in 2020, primarily due to unrealized gains resulting from favorable foreign exchange rates for the year ended December 31, 20212022 compared to the same period in 2020.2021, primarily driven by capitalization and amortization of research and development expenditures and an increase in GILTI.