UNITED STATES

SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION

Washington, D.C. 20549

FORM 10-K

ANNUAL REPORT

PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d)

OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

FOR THE FISCAL YEAR ENDED DECEMBER 31, 20182020

Commission File No.: 001-32401

MANITEX INTERNATIONAL, INC.

(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)

Registrant’s telephone number, including area code: (708) 430-7500

Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:

Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(g) of the Act:

None

Indicate by check mark if the registrant is a well-known seasoned issuer, as defined in Rule 405 of the Securities Act.    Yes   ☐     No   ☒

Indicate by check mark if the registrant is not required to file reports pursuant to Section 13 or Section 15(d) of the Act.    Yes   ☐     No   ☒

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant: (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days.    Yes   ☐     No   ☒

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically and posted on its corporate Web site, if any, every Interactive Data File required to be submitted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (Section 232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit such files).    Yes   ☒     No   ☐

Indicate by check mark if disclosure of delinquent filers pursuant to Item 405 of Regulation S-K is not contained herein, and will not be contained, to the best of registrant’s knowledge, in definitive proxy or information statements incorporated by reference in Part III of this Form 10-K or any amendment to this Form 10-K.☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, or a smaller reporting company, or an emerging growth company. See the definitions of “large accelerated filer”, “accelerated filer” andfiler,” “smaller reporting company,” and “emerging growth company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.

If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act. ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has filed a report on and attestation to its management’s assessment of the effectiveness of its internal control over financial reporting under Section 404(b) of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act (15 U.S.C. 7262(b)) by the registered public accounting firm that prepared or issued its audit report.  ☒

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Act).    Yes   ☐     No   ☒

The aggregate market value of the shares of common stock, no par value (“Common Stock”), held by non-affiliates of the registrant as of June 30, 20182020 was approximately $169.2$71.5 million based upon the closing price for the Common Stock of $12.48$4.97 on the NASDAQ Stock Market on such date.

The number of shares of the registrant’s common stock outstanding as of March 1, 20192021 was 19,677,293.19,821,089.

DOCUMENTS INCORPORATED BY REFERENCE

Part III of this Annual Report on Form 10-K incorporates by reference information (to the extent specific sections are referred to herein) from the registrant’s ProxyStatement for its 20192021 Annual Meeting (the “2019“2021 Proxy Statement”) to be filed with the SEC within 120 days after the end of the fiscal year endedDecember 31, 2018.2020.

TABLE OF CONTENTS

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PART I

References to the “Company,” “we,” “our” and “us” refer to Manitex International, Inc., together in each case with our subsidiaries and any predecessor entities unless the context suggests otherwise.

Forward-Looking Statements

When reading this section of this Annual Report on Form 10-K, it is important that you also read the financial statements and related notes thereto. This Annual Report on Form 10-K and certain information incorporated herein by reference contain forward-looking statements within the “safe harbor” provisions of the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995. All statements contained in this Annual Report on Form 10-K, other than statements that are purely historical, are forward-looking statements and are based upon management’s present expectations, objectives, anticipations, plans, hopes, beliefs, intentions or strategies regarding the future. We use words such as “anticipate,” “estimate,” “plan,” “project,” “continuing,” “ongoing,” “expect,” “believe,” “intend,” “may,” “will,” “should,” “could,” and similar expressions to identify forward-looking statements. Forward-looking statements in this Annual Report on Form 10-K include, without limitation: (1) projections of revenue, earnings, capital structure and other financial items, (2) statements of our plans and objectives, (3) statements regarding the capabilities and capacities of our business operations, (4) statements of expected future economic conditions and the effect on us and on our customers, (5) expected benefits of our cost reduction measures, and (6) assumptions underlying statements regarding us or our business. Our actual results may differ from information contained in these forward-looking statements for many reasons, including those described below and in the section entitled “Item 1A. Risk Factors”:

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The risks described in our Annual Report on Form 10-K are not the only risks facing our Company. Additional risks and uncertainties not currently known to us or that we currently deem to be immaterial also may materially adversely affect our business, financial condition or operating results. All forward-looking statements are made only as of the date hereof. We do not undertake, and expressly disclaim, any obligation to update this forward-looking information, except as required under applicable law.

Our Business

The Company is a leading provider of engineered lifting solutions. The Company reports in a single business segment and has fivefour operating segments.units.  The Company designs, manufactures and distributes a diverse group of products that serve different functions and are used in a variety of industries.

Manitex, Inc. (“Manitex”) markets a comprehensive line of boom trucks, truck mounted cranes and sign cranes. Manitex’s boom trucks and crane products are primarily used for industrial projects, energy exploration and infrastructure development, including roads, bridges and commercial construction.

Badger Equipment Company (“Badger”) is a manufacturer of specialized rough terrain cranes and material handling products. Badger primarily serves the needs of the construction, municipality and railroad industries.

PM Oil and Steel S.p.A. (“PM” or “PM Group”), formerly known as PM Group S.p.A., is a leading Italian manufacturer of truck- mounted hydraulic knuckle boom cranes with a 50-year history of technology and innovation, and a product range spanning more than 50 models. PM is also a manufacturer of truck-mounted aerial platforms with a diverse product line and an international client base. Through its consolidated subsidiaries, PM Group has locations in Modena, Italy; Valencia, Spain; Arad, Romania; Chassieu, France; Buenos Aires, Argentina; Santiago, Chile; Singapore, and Querétaro, Mexico.

Manitex Valla S.r.L. (“Valla”) produces a full range of precision pick and carry industrial cranes using electric, diesel, and hybrid power options. Its cranes offer wheeled or tracked, and fixed or swing boom configurations, with special applications designed specifically to meet the needs of its customers. These products are sold internationally through dealers and into the rental distribution channel.

Manitex Sabre, Inc. (“Sabre”), which is located in Knox, Indiana, manufactures a comprehensive line of specialized mobile tanks for liquid and solid storage and containment solutions with capacities from 8,000 to 21,000 gallons. Its mobile tanks are sold to specialized independent tank rental companies and through the Company’s existing dealer network. The tanks are used in a variety of end markets such as petrochemical, waste management and oil and gas drilling. 

Crane and Machinery, Inc. (“C&M”) is a distributor of the Company’s products as well as Terex Corporation’s (“Terex”) rough terrain and truck cranes.  Crane and Machinery Leasing, Inc. (“C&M Leasing”) rents equipment manufactured by the Company as well as a limited amount of equipment manufactured by third parties.  Although C&M is a distributor of Terex rough terrain and truck cranes, C&M’s primary business is the distribution of products manufactured by the Company.  

Discontinued Operations

Consolidated Variable Interest EntityA.S.V., LLC

Even though it had no ownership interest in SVW Crane & Equipment Company (together with its wholly owned subsidiary, Rental Consulting Service Company, “SVW”), the Company previously had the power to direct the activities that most significantly impact SVW’s economic performance. Additionally, the Company was the primary beneficiary of the SVW relationship. SVW obtained third party financing, which was effectively guaranteed by the Company, on specific cranes the Company manufactured and remitted the loan proceedsPrior to the Company. Other than its business transactions described herein, SVW had no other substantial business operations. The Company determined that SVW was a Variable Interest Entity (“VIE”) that under current accounting guidance needed to be consolidated in the Company’s financial results. SVW was consolidated into the Company’s financial results beginning in the first quarter of 2016 through the fourth quarter of 2017. By December 31,ended June 30, 2017, SVW had ceased operations and is therefore not a consolidated VIE after December 31, 2017.

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Recent Acquisitions

On March 12, 2015, the Company entered into inventory and equipment purchase agreements with Columbia Tanks, LLC. Financial results are included in the consolidated results beginning on March 12, 2015.

On January 15, 2015, the Company acquired PM which is based in San Cesario sul Panaro, Modena, Italy. PM’s financial results are included in the consolidated results beginning on January 15, 2015.

On December 19, 2014, the Company completed an agreement with Terex and became the majority owner of ASV (as defined below), which is located in Grand Rapids, Minnesota. As a result of the transaction, the Company owned a 51% ofinterest in ASV and Terex owned 49% of ASV. ASV’s financial results were included in the consolidated results beginning on December 20, 2014. ASVHoldings, Inc., which was classifiedformerly known as a discontinued operation.  See “Discontinued Operations” section below for additional information.

On December 16, 2014, the Company, BGI USA Inc. (“BGI”)A.S.V., Movedesign SRL and R&S Advisory S.r.l., entered into an operating agreement for Lift Ventures LLC (“Lift Ventures”ASV” or “ASV Holdings”), a joint venture entity. Lift Ventures manufactures and sells certain products and components, including the Schaeff line of electric forklifts and certain Liftking products. The Company owned 25% of the equity of Lift Ventures and licenses certain intellectual property related to the Company’s products to Lift Ventures. In 2016, the Company determined its investment in Lift Ventures was impaired and has recognized an impairment charge to write off its entire investment in Lift Ventures LLC (See Note 27).

Discontinued Operations

ASV is located in Grand Rapids, Minnesota and manufactures a line of high-quality compact track and skid steer loaders. The products are used in site clearing, general construction, forestry, golf course maintenance and landscaping industries, with general construction being the largest.  

Prior to the quarter ended June 30, 2017, the Company owned a 51% interest in ASV Holdings, Inc., which was formerly known as A.S.V., LLC (“ASV” or “ASV Holdings”).  2

On May 11, 2017, in anticipation of an initial public offering, ASV Holdings converted from an LLC to a C-Corporation and the Company’s 51% interest was converted to 4,080,000 common shares of ASV.  On May 17, 2017, in connection within its initial public offering, ASV Holdings sold 1,800,000 of its own shares and the Company sold 2,000,000 shares of ASV Holdings common stock and reduced its investment in ASV to a 21.2% interest.  ASV was deconsolidated and was recorded as an equity investment starting with the quarter ended June 30, 2017. Periods ending before June 30, 2017 reflect ASV as a discontinued operation. In February 2018, the Company sold an additional 1,000,000 shares of ASV that it held which reduced the Company’s stake in ASV to approximately 11%.  The Company ceased accounting for its investment in ASV under the equity method and now accountsbegan accounting for its investment as a marketable equity security. In September 2019, in connection with the sale of ASV to Yanmar American Corporation the Company received cash merger consideration for its remaining 1,080,000 shares of ASV and no longer has an investment in ASV.

Manitex Sabre, Inc. (‘’Sabre”)

On March 4, 2020, the Company’s Board of Directors approved the exploration by management of various strategic alternatives for Sabre, including the possibility of a transaction involving the sale of all or part of Sabre’s business and assets, to determine whether such a transaction would provide value to shareholders. The criterion of asset held for sale had been met and Sabre is reported as a discontinued operation.

On August 21, 2020, the Company entered into an Asset Purchase Agreement to sell Manitex Sabre, Inc. to an affiliate of Super Steel, LLC for cash proceeds of $1.5 million, subject to certain adjustments based on closing date accounts receivable and inventory.

In addition to the proceeds from sale of $1,500 in cash received, the Company may receive a maximum royalty and earnout payments of approximately $2.9 million for years 2021 thru 2023 if certain revenue criteria are met. The Company will account for the contingent consideration as a gain in accordance with ASC 450. Under this approach, we will recognize the contingent consideration in earnings after the contingency is resolved. See Notes 11 and 26Note 22 for additional discussion related to the accounting treatment of the investment in ASV after the sale of the additional shares.

CVS Ferrari S.r.L (“CVS”) designedSabre’s business and manufactured a range of reach stackers and associated lifting equipment for the global container handling market.  CVS was sold on December 22, 2016 and is presented as a discontinued operation.

Manitex Liftking ULC (“Manitex Liftking” or “Liftking”) sold a complete line of rough terrain forklifts, a line of stand-up electric forklifts, cushioned tiered forklifts with lifting capacities from 18 thousand to 40 thousand pounds and special mission-oriented vehicles, as well as other specialized carriers, heavy material handling transporters and steel mill equipment. Liftking was sold on September 30, 2016 and is presented as a discontinued operation.    

Manitex Load King, LLC (“Load King”) manufactured specialized custom trailers and hauling systems typically used for transporting heavy equipment. Load King trailers served niche markets in the commercial construction, railroad, military and equipment rental industries through a dealer network.  Load King was sold on December 28, 2015 and is presented as a discontinued operation.assets.

General Corporate Information

Our predecessor company was formed in 1993 and was purchased in 2003 by Veri-Tek International, Corp., which changed its name to Manitex International, Inc. in 2008. Our principal executive offices are located at 9725 Industrial Drive, Bridgeview, Illinois 60455 and our telephone number is (708) 430-7500. Our website address is www.manitexinternational.com. Information contained on our website is not incorporated by reference into this report and such information should not be considered to be part of this report.

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INFORMATION ABOUT OUR BUSINESS

Boom Trucks

A boom truck is a straight telescopic boom crane outfitted with a hook and winch which is mounted on a standard flatbed commercial (Class 7 or 8) truck chassis. Relative to other lifting equipment, boom trucks provide increased versatility and arewith some models capable of transporting relatively large payloads from site to site at highway speeds. A boom truck is usually sold with outriggers, pads and devices for reinforcing the chassis in order to improve safety and stability. Although produced in a wide range of models and sizes, boom trucks can be broadly distinguished by their normal lifting capability as light, medium, and heavy-cranes. Various models of medium or heavy-lift boom trucks can safely lift loads from 15 to 80 tons and operating radii can exceed 200 feet. Another advantage of the boom truck is the ability to provide occasional man lift capabilities at a very low cost to height ratio. While it is not uncommon to see a very old boom truck, most replacement cycles seem to trend to seven years. The market for boom trucks has historically been cyclical.

Although the Company offers a complete line of boom trucks from light to heavy capacity cranes much of our efforts have been devoted to the development of higher capacity boom trucks specifically designed to meet the particular needs of customers including those in energy production and electrical power distribution. We believe it is an advantage to be skewed towards the heavier lifting capacity, since the heavier capacity cranes have somewhat higher margins.

Markets that drive demand for boom trucks include power distribution, oil and gas recovery, infrastructure and new home, commercial and industrial construction.  Historically, the new home construction market, which uses lower capacity cranes, has probably been the most cyclical. Over the past few years, demand from the energy sector has become more cyclical in part due to changes in oil prices.

The Company sells its boom trucks through a network of over forty full servicefull-service dealers in the United States, Canada, Mexico, South America, and the Middle East. A number of our dealers maintain a rental fleet of their own. Boom trucks can be rented for either short or long-term periods.

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In 2016, we noted that this selloff of excess equipment continued through much of the year. This selloff dampened demand2020, industry shipments for new equipment in both the energy marketstraight-mast cranes was approximately 750 units and the other markets we serve with our boom trucks.  We did note that oil prices did begindeclined approximately 39% compared to increase and by the beginning of June 2016 were approaching $50 per barrel.  Additionally, the oil rig count began to increase again and by year end totaled 525 oil rigs. Late in the year, orders received began to increase and included orders for a number of cranes in a multitude of markets2019.  The data that the Company serves.  

In 2017, Oil prices remained relatively stable through the first nine months of the year, before the prices began to strengthen considerably during the fourth quarter of the year.  Oil prices at the end of 2017 topped $61 per barrel.  The oil rig count declined during the first half of the year to 431 before rebounding to 658 by the end of 2017.  In early 2018, the oil rig count continued to increasehas seen indicates that dealer rental utilization and at the end of March 2018 was over 800.  The sell-off of used equipment continued through most of the year but the effects diminished throughout the year.  The market for boom trucks continued to improve throughout the year but remained below normal levels.  Orders, however, increased significantly in the fourth quarter of 2017 and going into 2018 demand for boom trucks continued to increase.

Entering 2018, the demand for boom trucks continued to be significantly above 2017 levels with industry shipments increasing 19% versus 2017. The general economic environment in the United States during 2018 was favorable.commercial construction indices experienced some economic disruption associated with COVID-19. During 2018,2020, the United States economy was strong, oil prices strengthened,Company launched two models of straight-mast cranes and U.S. oil rig count has increased to 1,083 at December 28, 2018 from 929 at December 29, 2017. The Company currently expects the favorable environment that it is currently operating in to continue through 2019.  continued development of higher capacity models as we head into 2021.

Knuckle Boom Cranes

PM is a leading Italian manufacturer of truck mounted hydraulic knuckle boom cranes with a 50-year history of technology and innovation, and a product range spanning more than 50 models. Through its consolidated subsidiaries, PM has locations in Modena, Italy; Arad, Romania; Chassieu, France; Buenos Aires, Argentina; Santiago, Chile; London, UK and Mexico City, Mexico.

PM knuckle boom cranes are hydraulic folding and articulating cranes, mounted on a commercial chassis, with lifting capacities that range from small (lifting capacity up to three-ton meter) to super heavy (lifting capacity two-hundred-and-ten-ton meter), often supplied with a jib for additional reach. With a compact design and footprint, the crane can be mounted to maximize the load carrying capability of the chassis onto which it is mounted. Combined with the crane’s ability to operate in a compact footprint the ability to carry a payload provides a competitive advantage over other truck mounted cranes and makes the knuckle boom crane particularly attractive for a variety of end uses in the construction and product delivery sectors.

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The knuckle boom crane market is a global market with a wide variety of end sector applications, but focused particularly on residential and non-residential construction, road and bridge infrastructure development, waste management and infrastructure development. Historically the knuckle boom crane has not had significant application in the energy sector.utility applications. PM knuckle boom cranes are sold into a variety of geographies including West and East Europe, Central Asia, Africa, North and Central America, South America, the Middle East and the Far East and Pacific region. Historically, PM focused on its domestic and local Western European markets, but in recent years has expanded its sales and distribution efforts internationally. PM has twelvesix international sales and distribution offices located in several European countries as well as the Far East and Latin America.  After acquisition by Manitex, the Company expanded its distribution capability with the existing Manitex dealer network in North America as well as expanding the number of independent service centers in the US.

The market for knuckle boom cranes has been growing in recent years as the acceptability of the product has grown and its advantages have been accepted. Growth in North America, where the straight maststraight-mast boom truck crane has been the more dominant product, has been more rapid in recent years in combination with the overall improvement in the North American construction sector. PM’s share of the North American market has been historically low; however, this is an area of growth opportunity for the Company following its acquisition by Manitex.

PMIn 2019 we started shipping articulated cranes under the brand name PM–Tadano to customers in Asia. This was a key branding initiative we launched during the second half of 2019. Our partnership with Tadano is gaining traction in Asia, and is now expanding into the Middle East, through our PM-Tadano branding efforts and distribution expansion.

Aerial Work Platforms

Oil & Steel aerial platforms are self-propelled or truck mounted and places an operator in a basket in the air in order to perform maintenance, repairs or similar activities. The equipment is used in a variety of applications including utilities, sign work and industrial maintenance and is often sold to rental operations.

PM group productOil & Steel serves in a number of geographies in North America, West and East Europe but also the near and Far East and sells through dealers as well as its own sales and distribution offices. In North America, the product sold under the Manitex brand and sold through its distribution network. The market generally follows the domestic economic cycle for any particular country. Consequently, the market has shown a positive trend in the recent past as European economies recover from the 2009 / 2010 economic crisis.  past.

As PM serves a global market, its revenues are affected by changes in economic conditions in markets it serves. In 2016, the middle-east market was soft and had an impact on PM 2016 revenues.  4

In 2017, the demand for knuckle boom cranes was up modestly in all the markets that PM sells into except for the Middle East.  The demand from the Middle East market was consistent with the prior year but remains significantly depressed.  During 2017, Western and North Europe were PM’s largest markets.  Although there was growth in the other PM markets, the demand from such other markets had not returned to earlier levels.  

During 2018, the demand for knuckle boom cranes was steady in all the markets that PM sells into except for some markets in Latin America where local currency turbulence with strong devaluations towards the Euro and US dollar affected the local demand.  The demand from the Middle East market was consistent with 2017 but remained significantly slow.  In 2018, demand from Western and Northern Europe, PM’s largest markets, remained at a solid level. Although there was light growth in the other PM markets, the demand from such other markets was still lower than the levels achieved in the past. PM’s markets appear to be stable or growing moving into 2019.

Industrial Cranes

Badger sells specialized industrial cranes through a network of dealers. The Badger product line includes specialized 15-15 and 30-ton industrial cranes (which can be used by the railroads) as well as a 10 ton carry deck crane which are all sold under both the Badger and Manitex names.  Additionally, Badger sells lattice cranes with 20 to 30 ton lifting capacity marketed under the Little Giant trade name.  The Little Giant line has five lattice boom models, three of which are dedicated rail cranes. In addition, Badger also sells a 30-ton truck crane and a 25-ton crawler crane under the Little Giant name.  Badger also has the capability to manufacture certain of our lower capacity boom trucks and provides expanded boom truck manufacturing capacity when needed.

The products are used by railroads, refineries, states, municipalities, and for general construction.  The Company believes it has an advantage over its competitors in selling to railroads as it is the only crane manufacturer that has integrated the installation of rail gear into its production process. Competitors send their cranes to a third party to have rail gear added which both increases cost and delays deliveries.

Valla product line of industrial cranes is a full range of precision pick and carry cranes from 2 to 9044 tons, using electric, diesel, and hybrid power options. Its cranes offer wheeled or tracked, and fixed or swing boom configurations, with special applications designed specifically to meet the needs of its customers. The product is sold internationally through dealers and into the rental distribution channel.

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Mobile Tanks

Sabre manufactures a comprehensive line of specialized mobile tanks for liquid and solid storage and containment solutions with capacities from 8,000 to 21,000 gallons. Its mobile tanks are sold to specialized independent tank rental companies and through other direct customers.

The tanks have historically been used in a variety of end markets such as petrochemical, waste management and oil and gas drilling. However, when we purchased Sabre in 2013, its business heavily skewed towards the energy sector.  Since early 2014, we have been working to diversify the products, customers, and applications.  This includes expanding environmental applications and using our tanks to store deicer fluid at airports.

Equipment Distribution

C&M is a distributor of the Company’s products as well as Terex’s rough terrain and truck cranes.

products. C&M Leasing rents equipment manufactured by the Company as well as a limited amount of equipment manufactured by third parties.  Although C&M is a distributor of Terex rough terrain and truck cranes; C&M’s primary business is the distribution of products manufactured by the Company.  

Part Sales

As part of our operations, we supply repair and replacement parts for our products. The parts business margins are higher than our overall margins. Part sales as a percentage of revenues tend to increase when there is a down-turn in the industry. Part sales as a percentage of revenues are approximately 12%, 11%16% and 13% for the years ended December 31, 2018, 20172020 and 2016,2019, respectively.

Total Company Revenues by Sources

The sources of the Company’s revenues are summarized below:

In 20182020 and 2016,2019, no customer accounted for 10% or more of the Company’s revenue. In 2017, one customer, Rush Truck Center, accounted for approximately 12.0% of the Company’s revenue.

Raw Materials

The Company purchases a variety of components used in the production of its products.  The Company purchases steel and a variety of machined parts, components and subassemblies including weldments, winches, cylinders, frames, rims, axles, wheels, tires, suspensions, cables, booms and cabs, as well as engines, transmissions and cabs.  Additionally, Manitex and PM mount their cranes on commercial truck chassis, which are either purchased by the Company or supplied by the customer. Lead times for these materials (including chassis) vary from several weeks to many months. The Company is vulnerable to a supply interruption in instances when only one supplier has been qualified and identifying and qualifying alternative suppliers can be very time consuming, and in some cases, could take longer than a year.  The Company has been working on qualifying secondary sources of some products to assure supply consistency and to reduce costs. The degree to which our supply base can respond to changes in market demand directly affects our ability to increase production and the Company attempts to maintain some additional inventory in order to react to unexpected increases in demand. During 2018, 2017 and 2016, raw materials and components were generally available to meet our production schedules and had no significant impact on full year revenues. During the first part of 2018 delivery of chassis for our larger cranes had a modest impact on production, however this was alleviated during the year as manufacturers increased their production and demand also slowed compared to the first half of the year.

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Any future supply chain issues that might impact the Company will in part depend on how fast the rate of growth is for a product as well as the rate of growth in the general economy. Strong general economic growth could put us in competition for parts with other industries. Additionally, events or circumstance at a particular supplier could impact the availability of a necessary component.

Patents and Trademarks

The Company protects its trade names and trademarks through registration. Its technology consists of bill of materials, drawings, plans, vendor sources and specifications and although the Company’s technology has considerable value, it does not generally have patent protection. The Company has (on rare occasions) filed for patent protection on a specific feature. In the future, the Company will consider seeking patent protection on any new design features believed to present a significant future benefit.

The Company owns and uses several trademarks relating to its brands that have significant value and are instrumental to the Company’s ability to market its products. The Company’s most significant trademark is “Manitex” (presently registered with the United States Patent and Trademark Office until 2027).  Badger Equipment Company markets its products under the “Little Giant” and Badger trade names. Sabre markets its products under the “Sabre” tradename. Valla markets its products under the “Valla” tradename. PM sells its products using the trademark “PM” and PM subsidiary, PM Oil & Steel S.p.A.; formerly known as PM Group S.p.A, sells its products using the “OIL & STEEL” trademark.  The Manitex, Badger, Valla, Little Giant, PM and OIL & STEEL trademarks and trade names are important to the marketing and operation of the Company’s business as a significant number of our products are sold under those names.  PM has three patents. One is registered with the Italian Patents and Trademarks Office until 2028.  PM has two additional patents registered with OHIM that are in force until 2031 and 2034, respectively.

Seasonality

Traditionally, the Company’s peak selling periods for cranes are the second and third quarters of a calendar year as a result of the need for equipment in the spring, summer and fall construction seasons.  A significant portion of cranes sold over the last several years have been deployed in specialized industries or applications, such as oil and gas production, power distribution and in the railroad industry. Sales in these markets are subject to significant fluctuations which correlate more with general economic conditions and the prices of commodities, including oil, and generally are not of a seasonal nature.

Sales of cranes from the Equipment Distribution division mirror the seasonality of the overall Company. However, the sale of parts is much less seasonal given the geographic breadth of the customer base. Crane repairs are performed by the Equipment Distribution division throughout the year but are somewhat affected by the slowdown in construction activity during the typically harsh winters in the Midwestern United States.

Competition

Lifting Equipment

The market for the Company’s boom trucks and knuckle boom cranes, industrial cranes and trailers is highly competitive. The Company competes based on product design, quality of products and services, product performance, maintenance costs and price. Several competitors have greater financial, marketing, manufacturing and distribution resources than we do. The Company believes that it effectively competes with its competitors.

The Company’s boom cranes compete with cranes manufactured by National Crane, Terex,Custom Truck One Source, Weldco Beales, Elliott and Altec. The Company’s knuckle boom cranes compete with Palfinger, Fassi, Effer and HIAB. The Company competes primarily with Terex and Broderson in selling rough terrain and industrial cranes.  The Company’s mobile tanks compete with tanks sold by Dragon Tank and Pinnacle Mfg., LLC.

Equipment Distribution

The Equipment Distribution division’s primary business is facilitation of sale of products manufactured by the Company. As such, it faces the same competition described above for products manufactured by the Company.  Additionally, the Equipment Distribution division has a dealership arrangement with Terex and must compete against dealers of other rough terrain and truck crane manufacturers.  Locally, the Equipment Distribution division competes against Runnion Equipment (dealer for National Crane), Power Equipment Leasing (dealer for Elliott) and Guiffre Cranes (dealer for Manitex and Terex boom trucks)Manitex). Runnion is also authorized to sell Manitex boom trucks.

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While no geographic limitations exist regarding the Equipment Distribution business’s ability to sell cranes internationally, the lack of any barriers to entry and the heavy use of the Internet make this a highly active and competitive market in which to distribute cranes.

Competition for our Equipment Distribution repair business is even more intense since it is limited geographically due to the necessity of having physical access to the cranes. Most of the above referenced companies also compete in this aspect of the business, as do other types of crane and equipment dealers from nearby areas such as Indiana or Wisconsin.

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Equipment Distribution parts sales are global in scope and benefit greatly from the Internet and the tenure and expertise of our employees. While competition in this area is extensive, we believe that the breadth of the products offered and our long history in this part of the business is a competitive advantage.

Our Equipment Distribution business competes based on the design, quality and performance of the products it distributes, price and the supporting repair and part services that it provides. Several competitors have greater financial, marketing and distribution resources than we do. The Company, however, believes that it effectively competes with its competitors.

Backlog

The backlog at December 31, 20182020 was approximately $66.7$68 million, compared to a backlog of approximately $61.5$65 million at December 31, 2017.2019.  The December 31, 20182020 backlog has increased by $5.2$17.5 million since September 30, 20182020 when it was at $60.5$50.5 million.  The backlog has continued to grow during the early part of 20192021 and was $80.2$82 million at February 28, 2019.January 31, 2021.   The Company expects to ship product to fulfill its existing backlog within the next twelve months.

Revenue Recognition and Long-Lived Assets

The information regarding revenue, the basis for attributing revenue from external customers to individual countries and long-lived assets is found in Note 4 “Revenue Recognition” and Note 20 “Long-Lived Assets” to our consolidated financial statements, is hereby incorporated by reference into this Part I, Item 1.

Employees

As of December 31, 2018,2020, the Company had 619470 full time employees and 10 part time employees. The Company has not experienced any work stoppages and anticipates continued good employee relations. Nineteen (19)Eighteen (18) of our employees are covered by collective bargaining agreements. Fifteen (15)Fourteen (14) of our employees at our Badger subsidiary are represented by International Union, UAWUnited Automobile, Aerospace, and Agricultural Implement Workers of America, (“UAW”) and its local No. 316. The current union contract expires on January 21, 2020.2023. Four (4) employees are currently represented by Automobile Mechanics’ Local 701. The union contract expires on September 30, 2020.2023. The employees represented by the Automobile Mechanics’ Local 701 are mechanics that work in our Equipment Distribution business. A number of our Equipment Distribution customers in the Chicago metropolitan area mandate union mechanics usage for any service / repair jobs.

Governmental Regulation

The Company is subject to various governmental regulations, such as environmental regulations, employment and health regulations, and safety regulations. We have various internal controls and procedures designed to maintain compliance with these regulations. The cost of compliance programs is not material but is subject to additions to or changes in federal, state or local legislation or changes in regulatory implementation or interpretation of government regulations.

Available Information

The Company makes available free of charge our annual report on Form 10-K, quarterly reports on Form 10-Q, current reports on Form 8-K and amendments to those reports filed or furnished as required by Section 13(a) or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the “Exchange Act”), through our Internet Website (www.manitexinternational.com) as soon as is reasonably practicable after we electronically file such material with, or furnish it to, the Securities and Exchange Commission (the “SEC”). The SEC also maintains a website (www.sec.gov) that contains reports, proxy and information statements, and other information regarding issuers that file electronically with the SEC. Information contained in or incorporated into our Internet Website or the SEC’s website is not incorporated by reference herein.

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YouThe reader should carefully consider the following risks, together with the cautionary statement under the caption “Forward-Looking Statements” and the other information included in this report. The risks described below represent all of the material risks currently known to us; however, they are not the only ones the Company faces. Additional risks that are currently unknown to the Company or that the Company currently considers to be immaterial may also impair its business or adversely affect the Company’s financial condition or results of operations. If any of the following risks actually occur, the Company’s business, financial condition or results of operation could be adversely affected.

Significant

Risks Relating to the Company’s Business and Operations

A future substantial deterioration in economic conditions, especially in the United States and Europe, has had and may again have negative effects onwould adversely impact the Company’s results of operations and cash flowsflows.

Significant deterioration in economic conditions, especially in the United States and Europe, has had and may again have negative effects on the Company’s results of operations and cash flows. Economic conditions affect the Company’s sales volumes, pricing levels and overall profitability. Demand for many of the Company’s products depends on end-use markets. Challenging economic conditions may reduce demand for our products and may also impair the ability of customers to pay for products they have purchased. As a result, the Company’s reserves for doubtful accounts and write-offs for accounts receivable may increase. Significant deterioration in economic conditions, especially in the United States and Europe, has had and may again have negative effects on the Company’s results of operations and cash flows.

A significant deterioration in economic conditions has caused and may again cause deterioration in the credit quality of our customers and the estimated residual value of our equipment. This could further negatively impact the ability of our customers to obtain the resources they need to make purchases of our equipment. Reduced credit availability will diminish our customers’ ability to invest in their businesses, refinance maturing debt obligations, and meet ongoing working capital needs. If customers do not have sufficient access to credit, demand for the Company’s products will likely decline. Reduced access to credit and the capital markets will also negatively affect the Company’s ability to invest in strategic growth initiatives such as acquisitions.

Certain

COVID-19 and related economic conditions, including the Company’s assessment of the Company’s productsvulnerability of our customers and vendors in relation to the economic disruptions associated with COVID-19, are significantly affected bycontinuing to negatively impact our financial condition, results of operations and cash flows.

The global outbreak of COVID-19 severely restricted the level of economic activity in many parts of the world. In response to this outbreak, the governments of many countries, states, cities and other geographic regions have taken a variety of preventative or protective actions, such as imposing restrictions on travel and business operations. While some countries have experienced declining numbers of COVID-19 cases and have therefore reversed some of these preventative and protective measures, others, including many areas of the United States, have experienced increases in COVID-19 cases and have implemented or are considering implementing or re-implementing such actions.  These measures, while intended to curtail the spread of COVID-19, have had and are expected to continue to have significant adverse impacts of uncertain severity and duration on domestic and foreign economies. The outbreak and continued spread of COVID-19 have resulted in a global economic slowdown. Currently, the effectiveness of economic stabilization efforts and other measures being taken to mitigate the effects of these actions and the spread of COVID-19, including the development, approval and distribution of vaccines, is uncertain.

As a result of the COVID-19 pandemic, we and our affiliates, employees, suppliers, customers and others have been and may continue to be restricted or prevented from conducting normal business activities, including as a result of shutdowns, travel restrictions and other actions that may be recommended or mandated by governmental authorities. Such actions have prevented, and may in the future prevent us from accessing the facilities of our customers to provide services. While a substantial portion of our businesses have been classified as an essential business in jurisdictions in which facility closures have been mandated, we can give no assurance that there will not be closures in the future or that our businesses will be classified as essential in each of the jurisdictions in which we operate.

The COVID-19 outbreak has impacted, and may continue to impact, our office locations and manufacturing facilities, as well as those of our third-party vendors, including the effects of facility closures, reductions in operating hours and other social distancing efforts. In addition, we have modified our business practices (including practices regarding employee travel, employee work locations, and cancellation of physical participation in meetings, events and conferences), and we may take further actions as may be required by government authorities or that we determine are in the best interests of our employees, customers, suppliers and other partners. These modifications to our business practices may cause us to experience reductions in productivity and disruptions to our business routines. Further, we have experienced, and may continue to experience, disruptions or delays in our supply chain as a result of such actions, which has resulted in higher supply chain costs to us in order to maintain an adequate supply of materials and components for our products.

Our management of the impact of COVID-19 has and will continue to require significant investment of time from our management and employees, as well as resources across our global enterprise. The focus on managing and mitigating the impacts of COVID-19 on our business may cause us to divert or delay the application of our resources toward new initiatives or investments, which may adversely impact our future results of operations. In addition, issues relating to the COVID-19 pandemic may result in legal claims or litigation against us.

We may also experience impacts from market downturns and changes in consumer behavior related to pandemic fears as a result of COVID-19. In addition, our customers may choose to delay or abandon projects on which we provide products. We may also experience adverse impacts on demand and sales volumes from industries that are sensitive to economic downturns and volatility in commodity prices. If these adverse impacts continue, our stock price and the operating performances of our businesses could be adversely affected, which could require us to incur material impairment, restructuring or other charges.

Further, the impact of COVID-19 may cause significant uncertainty and volatility in the credit markets. We rely on the credit markets to provide us with liquidity to operate and grow our businesses beyond the liquidity that our operating cash flows provide. If our access to capital were to become significantly constrained or if costs of capital increased significantly due the impact of COVID-19, including volatility in the capital markets, or other factors, then our financial condition, results of operations and cash flows could be adversely affected.

Lastly, if the COVID-19 pandemic becomes more pronounced in our global markets, or resurges in markets recovering from the pandemic, our operations in impacted areas could experience further adverse financial impacts due to market changes and other resulting events and circumstances. The extent to which the COVID-19 outbreak impacts our financial condition will depend on future developments that are highly uncertain and cannot be predicted, including new information that may emerge concerning the severity of COVID-19, the longevity of COVID-19, the impact of COVID-19 on economic activity, and the actions to contain its impacts on public health and the global economy. The impact of COVID-19 may also exacerbate other risks discussed in this Item 1A of our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2020, any of which could have a material effect on our financial condition, results of operations and cash flows.

Our revenues and profitability are impacted by government spending, fluctuations in the construction industry, and capital expenditures in the oil and gas industry and lower capital expenditures have affected and may continue to affect the resultsindustry.

Many of the Company’s operations.customers depend substantially on government spending, including highway construction and maintenance and other infrastructure projects by U.S. federal and state governments as well as foreign governments. Any decrease or delay in government funding of highway construction and maintenance and other infrastructure projects could cause the Company’s revenues and profits to decrease.

The demand for our product in part depends on the condition of the oil and gas industry and, in particular, on the level of capital expenditures of companies engaged in the exploration, development, and production of oil and natural gas. Capital expenditures by these companies are influenced by the following factors:

Historically, prices of oil and natural gas and exploration, development and production have fluctuated substantially. A sustained period of substantially reduced capital expenditures by oil and gas companies will result in decreased demand for certain equipment produced by the Company, lower margins, and possibly net losses.  Additionally, oil and gas companies may sell excess equipment into the general construction market which could further depress demand for certain of products.

The Company’s level of indebtedness reduces our financial flexibility and meeting financial covenants required by our debt agreements could impede our ability to successfully operate.

As of December 31, 2018,2020, the Company’s total debt was $73$47.3 million, which includes:includes notes payable convertible debt and capital lease obligations.

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Our level of debt affects our operations in several important ways, including the following:

The Company must comply with restrictive covenants in its outstanding debt agreements.

The Company’s existing debt agreements contain a number of significant covenants which may limit itsour ability to, among other things, borrow additional money, make capital expenditures, pay dividends, dispose of assets and acquire new businesses. These covenants also require the Company to meet certain financial and non-financial tests. In 2018 and 2017, the Company received waivers related to non-compliance with certain covenants and defaults under its U.S. credit facilities and its convertible notes.  The Company also restructured certain debt arrangements which restructuring cured the defaults caused by the failed covenant.  An additionalA default or other event of non-compliance, if not waived or otherwise permitted by the Company’s lenders, could result in acceleration of the Company’s debt and possibly bankruptcy.

The Company may requirebe unable to negotiate extensions of our credit agreements and to obtain additional funding, which may not be available on favorable termsdebt or at all.equity financing when needed.

Our future capital requirements will depend on the amount of cash generated or required by our current operations, as well as additional funds which may be needed to finance future acquisitions. Future cash needs are subject to substantial uncertainty.

We cannot guarantee that adequateAdequate funds willmay not be available when needed, and if we do not receive sufficient capital, we may be required to alter or reduce the scope of our operations or to forego making future acquisitions. If we raise additional funds by issuing equity securities, existing stockholders may be diluted.

The remediation of the material weakness in our internal control over financial reporting has caused us to incur substantial audit, legal and other costs, and may reduce investor confidence in our financial statements.

We incur substantial unanticipated expenses and costs, including audit, legal and other professional fees, in connection with the ongoing remediation of material weaknesses in our internal control over financial reporting. Certain remediation actions were recommended, and we are in the process of implementing them (see Item 9A "Controls and Procedures" of this Form 10-K for a description of these remediation measures). To the extent these steps are not successful, we could be forced to incur additional time and expense. In addition, these ongoing remediation efforts have diverted our management’s attention away from the operation of our business.

The Company’s business is affected by the cyclical nature of its markets.

A substantial portion of our revenues are attributed to a limited number of customers which may decrease or cease purchasing any time, since the Company’s products depends upon the general economic conditions of the markets in which the Company competes. The Company’s sales depend in part upon its customers’ replacement or repair cycles. Adverse economic conditions, including a decrease in commodity prices, may cause customers to forego or postpone new purchases in favor of repairing existing machinery. Downward economic cycles may result in reductions in sales of the Company’s products, which may reduce the Company’s profits. The Company has taken a number of steps to reduce its fixed costs and diversify its operations to decrease the negative impact of these cycles. There can be no assurance, however, that these steps will prevent the negative impact of poor economic conditions.

The Company’s business is sensitive to increases in interest rates.

The Company is exposed to interest rate volatility with regard to future issuances of fixed rate debt and existing issuances of variable rate debt. Primary exposure includes movementsIn addition, our credit agreement indebtedness may use LIBOR as a benchmark for establishing our interest rate. LIBOR is

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the subject of recent national, international and other regulatory guidance and proposals for reform. These reforms and other pressures may cause LIBOR to perform differently than in the U.S. prime rate, LIBOR and Italian short-term borrowing rates.past or to be replaced entirely. The consequences of these developments cannot be entirely predicted but could include an increase in the cost of our credit agreement indebtedness.

If interest rates rise, it becomes costlier for the Company’s customers to borrow money to pay for the equipment they buy from the Company. Should the U.S. Federal Reserve Board decide to increase rates, prospects for business investment and manufacturing could deteriorate sufficiently and impact sales opportunities.

Our increasingly international operations expose us to additional risks and challenges associated with conducting business internationally.

The Company’sinternational expansion of our business is sensitivemay expose us to government spending.risks inherent in conducting foreign operations. These risks include:

ManyAdditionally, changes to the United States’ participation in, withdrawal from, renegotiation of certain international trade agreements or other major trade related issues including the Company’s customers depend substantiallynon-renewal of expiring favorable tariffs granted to developing countries, tariff quotas, and retaliatory tariffs (including, but not limited to, the current United States administration’s tariffs on government spending, including highway constructionChina and maintenanceChina's retaliatory tariffs on certain products from the United States), trade sanctions, new or onerous trade restrictions, embargoes and other infrastructure projects by U.S. federal and state governments and governments in other nations. Any decrease or delay instringent government funding of highway construction and maintenance and other infrastructure projects could cause the Company’s revenues and profits to decrease.

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The Company’s revenues are attributed to limited number of customers which may decrease or cease purchasing any time.

The Company’s revenues are attributed to a limited number of customers. We generally do not have long-term supply agreements with our customers. Even if a multi-year contract exists, the customer is not required to commit to minimum purchases and can cease purchasing at any time. If we were to lose either a significant customer or several smaller customers our operating results and cash flows would be adversely impacted.

The Company is dependent upon third-party suppliers, making us vulnerable to supply shortages.

The Company obtains materials and manufactured components from third-party suppliers. Any delay in the ability of the Company’s suppliers to provide the Company with necessary materials and components may affect the Company’s capabilities at a number of our manufacturing locations, or may require the Company to seek alternative supply sources. Delays in obtaining supplies may result from a number of factors affecting the Company’s suppliers including capacity constraints, labor disputes, the impaired financial condition of a particular supplier, suppliers’ allocations to other purchasers, weather emergencies or acts of war or terrorism. Any delay in receiving supplies could impair the Company’s ability to deliver products to customers and, accordingly, could have a material adverse effect on business, results of operations and financial condition.

In addition, the Company purchases material and services from suppliers on extended terms based on the Company’s overall credit rating. Negative changes in the Company’s credit rating may impact suppliers’ willingness to extend terms and increase the cash requirements of the business.

Price increases in materials could affect our profitability.

We use large amounts of steel and other items in the manufacture of our products. In the past, market prices of some of our key raw materials increased significantly. If we experience future significant increases in material costs, including steel, we may not be able to reduce product cost in other areas or pass future raw material price increases on to our customers and our margins could be adversely affected.

We provide credit guarantees or residual value guarantees for some of our customers.

The Company’s customers, from time to time, may fund acquisitions of our products through third-party finance companies. In certain instances, the Company has in the past provided credit guarantees or residual value guarantees. With these guarantees, we must assess the probability of losses or non-performance in ways similar to the evaluation of accounts receivable. We establish reserves based upon our analysis of the current quality and financial position of our customers, past payment experience and collateral values. In circumstances where we believe it is probable that a specific customer will have difficulty meeting its financial obligations, a specific reserve is recorded to recognize a liability for a guarantee we expect to pay, taking into account any amounts that we would anticipate realizing if we are forced to repossess the equipment that supports the customer’s financial obligations to us. During periods of economic weakness, collateral underlying our guarantees of indebtedness of customers or receivables can decline sharply, thereby increasing our exposure to losses. In the future, we may incur losses in excess of our recorded reserves if the financial condition of our customers were to deteriorate further or the full amount of any anticipated proceeds from the sale of the collateral supporting our customers’ financial obligations is not realized. Historically, no losses related to guarantees have been realized; however, there can be no assurance that our historical experience with respect to guarantees will be indicative of future results.

The Company depends on its information technology systems. If its information technology systems do not perform in a satisfactory manner or if the security of them is breached, it could be disruptive and or adversely affect the operations and results of operations of the Company.

The Company depends on its information technology systems, some of which are managed by third parties, to process, transmit and store electronic information (including sensitive data such as confidential business information and personally identifiable data relating to employees, customers and other business partners), and to manage or support a variety of critical business processes and activities. If our information technology systems do not perform in a satisfactory manner, it could be disruptive and or adversely affect the operations and results of operations of the Company, including the ability of the Company to report accurate and timely financial results.  

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Furthermore, our information technology systems may be damaged, disrupted or shut down due to attacks by computer hackers, computer viruses, employee error or malfeasance, power outages, hardware failures, telecommunication or utility failures, catastrophes or other unforeseen events, and in any such circumstances our system redundancy and other disaster recovery planning may be ineffective or inadequate. A failure of or breach in information technology security could expose us and our customers, distributors and suppliers to risks of misuse of information or systems, the compromise of confidential information, manipulation and destruction of data, defective products, production downtimes and operations disruptions. In addition, such breaches in security could result in litigation, regulatory action and potential liability, as well as the costs and operational consequences of implementing further data protection measures, each of whichcontrols could have a material adverse effect on our business, or results of operations and financial condition.

The risks that the Company faces in its international operations may continue to intensify if the Company further develops and expands its international operations.

The Company may face limitations on its ability to integrate acquired businesses.businesses and manage anticipated growth, and may be unable to effectively respond to technological change and implementing new systems.

The successful integration of new businesses depends on the Company’s ability to manage these new businesses and cut excess costs. While the Company believes it has successfully integrated these acquisitions to date, the Company cannot ensure that these acquired companies will operate profitably or that the intended beneficial effect from these acquisitions will be realized.

If the Company is unable to manage anticipated growth effectively, the business could be harmed.

If the Company fails to manage growth, the Company’s financial results and business prospects may be harmed. To manage the Company’s growth and to execute its business plan efficiently, the Company will need to institute, maintain and continue to improve operational, financial and management controls, as well as reporting systems and procedures. The Company also must effectively expand, train and manage its employee base. The Company cannot assure you that it will be successful in any of these endeavors.

The Company relies on key management.

The Company relies on the management and leadership skills of David Langevin, Chairman and Chief Executive Officer. When Mr. Langevin joined the Company, he signed a three-year employment agreement with the Company which expired on December 31, 2008. Mr. Langevin’s employment agreement has been extended and now expires on December 31, 2019. Under the employment agreement, Mr. Langevin’s employment term automatically extends for successive periods of three years unless either the Company or Mr. Langevin gives written notice to the other party of non-renewal at least 90 days prior to the end of the then current employment term.  The loss of his services could have a significant and negative impact on the Company’s business. In addition, the Company relies on the management and leadership skills of other senior executives. The Company could be harmed by the loss of key personnel in the future.

The Company’s success depends upon the continued protection of its trademarks and the Company may be forced to incur substantial costs to maintain, defend, protect and enforce its intellectual property rights.

The Company’s registered and common law trademarks, as well as certain of the Company’s licensed trademarks, have significant value and are instrumental to the Company’s ability to market its products. The Company’s marks “Manitex”, “Badger”, “Sabre”, “Valla”, “PM” and “O&S” are important to the Company’s business as the majority of the Company’s products are sold under those names. The Company has not registered all of its trademarks in the United States nor in the foreign countries where it does business. Third parties could assert claims against such intellectual property that the Company could be unable to successfully resolve. If the Company has to change the names of any of its products, it may experience a loss of goodwill associated with its brand names, customer confusion and a loss of sales.

In addition, international protection of the Company’s intellectual property may not be available in some foreign countries to the same extent permitted by the laws of the United States. The Company could also incur substantial costs to defend legal actions relating to use of its intellectual property, which could have a material adverse effect on the Company’s business, results of operations or financial condition.

The Company may be required to record goodwill impairment charges on all or a significant amount of the goodwill on its Consolidated Balance Sheets.

As of December 31, 2018, the Company had approximately $36.3 million of goodwill. The Company tests goodwill for impairment at least annually. If the carrying value of goodwill exceeds the implied fair value of the goodwill, an impairment charge is recorded for the excess. An impairment of a significant portion of goodwill could materially negatively affect the Company’s results of operations.

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The Company may be unable to effectively respond to technological change, which could have a material adverse effect on the Company’s results of operations and business.

The markets served by the Company are not historically characterized by rapidly changing technology. Nevertheless, the Company’s future success will depend in part upon the Company’s ability to enhance its current products and to develop and introduce new products. If the Company fails to anticipate or respond adequately to competitors’ product improvements and new production introductions, future results of operations and financial condition will be negatively affected.

Some of our customers rely on financing with third parties to purchase our products.

We rely on sales of our products to generate cash from operations. Significant portions of our sales are financed by third party finance companies on behalf of our customers. The availability and terms of financing by third parties are affected by general economic conditions, credit worthiness of our customers and estimated residual value of our equipment. Deterioration in credit quality of our

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customers or estimated residual value of our equipment, increases in interest rates or changes in the terms of third party financing agreements could negatively impact the ability or willingness of our customers to obtain resources they need to purchase our equipment. There can be no assurance third party finance companies will continue to extend credit to our customers.

The Company operates in a highly competitive industry and the Company is particularly subject to the risks of such competition.

The Company competes in a highly competitive industry and the competition which the Company encounters has an effect on its product prices, market share, revenues and profitability. Because certain competitors have substantially greater financial, production, research and development resources and substantially greater name recognition than the Company, the Company is particularly subject to the risks inherent in competing with them and may be put at a competitive disadvantage. To compete successfully, the Company’s products must excel in terms of quality, price, product line, ease of use, safety and comfort, and the Company must also provide excellent customer service. The greater financial resources of the Company’s competitors may put it at a competitive disadvantage. If competition in the Company’s industry intensifies or if the Company’s current competitors enhance their products or lower their prices for competing products, the Company may lose sales or be required to lower its prices. This may reduce revenue from the Company’s products and services, lower its gross margins or cause the Company to lose market share. The Company may not be able to differentiate our products from those of competitors, successfully develop or introduce less costly products, offer better performance than competitors or offer purchasers of our products payment and other commercial terms as favorable as those offered by competitors.

The Company is dependent upon third-party suppliers, making us vulnerable to supply shortages.

The Company obtains materials and manufactured components from third-party suppliers. Any delay in the ability of the Company’s suppliers to provide the Company with necessary materials and components may affect the Company’s capabilities at a number of our manufacturing locations, or may require the Company to seek alternative supply sources. Delays in obtaining supplies may result from a number of factors affecting the Company’s suppliers including capacity constraints, labor disputes, the impaired financial condition of a particular supplier, suppliers’ allocations to other purchasers, difficulties in obtaining raw materials, shipping delays or disruptions, public health emergencies, weather emergencies or acts of war or terrorism. Any delay in receiving supplies could impair the Company’s ability to deliver products to customers and, accordingly, could have a material adverse effect on business, results of operations and financial condition.

In addition, the Company purchases materials and services from suppliers on extended terms based on the Company’s overall credit rating. Negative changes in the Company’s credit rating may impact suppliers’ willingness to extend terms and increase the cash requirements of the business.

Price increases in materials could reduce our profitability.

We use large amounts of steel and other items in the manufacture of our products. In the past, market prices of some of our key raw materials increased significantly. If we experience future significant increases in material costs, including steel, we may not be able to reduce product cost in other areas or pass future raw material price increases on to our customers and our margins could be adversely affected.

The Company faces product liability claims and other liabilities due to the nature of its business.

In the Company’s lines of business numerous suits have been filed alleging damages for accidents that have occurred during the use or operation of the Company’s products. The Company is self-insured, up to certain limits, for these product liability exposures, as well as for certain exposures related to general, workers’ compensation and automobile liability. Insurance coverage is obtained for catastrophic losses as well as those risks required to be insured by law or contract. Any material liabilities not covered by insurance could have an adverse effect on the Company’s financial condition.

Our increasingly international operations expose usThe Company’s success depends upon the continued protection of its trademarks and the Company may be forced to additional risksincur substantial costs to maintain, defend, protect and challengesenforce its intellectual property rights.

The Company’s registered and common law trademarks, as well as certain of the Company’s licensed trademarks, have significant value and are instrumental to the Company’s ability to market its products. The Company’s trademarks “Manitex”, “Badger”, “Valla”, “PM” and “O&S” are important to the Company’s business as the majority of the Company’s products are sold under those names. The Company has not registered all of its trademarks in the United States nor in the foreign countries where it does business. Third parties could assert claims against such intellectual property that the Company could be unable to successfully resolve. If the Company has to change the names of any of its products, it may experience a loss of goodwill associated with conductingits brand names, customer confusion and a loss of sales.

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In addition, international protection of the Company’s intellectual property may not be available in some foreign countries to the same extent permitted by the laws of the United States. The Company could also incur substantial costs to defend legal actions relating to use of its intellectual property, which could have a material adverse effect on the Company’s business, internationally.results of operations or financial condition.

The international expansionCompany may be unable to access the capital markets to raise funds and provide liquidity when needed.

Our access to capital markets to raise funds through the sale of equity or debt securities is subject to various factors, including general economic and/or financial market conditions which are outside our control, as well as our historical and expected future financial performance and perceived credit worthiness. Significant changes in market liquidity conditions or our actual or perceived financial condition could impact access to funding and associated funding costs, which could reduce our earnings and cash flows.

The Company is subject to currency fluctuations.

The reporting currency for our consolidated financial statements is the U.S. dollar. Certain of our businessassets, liabilities, expenses, revenues and earnings are denominated in other countries’ currencies, including the Euro, Chilean peso, and Argentinean peso. Those assets, liabilities, expenses, revenues and earnings are translated into U.S. dollars at the applicable exchange rates to prepare our consolidated financial statements. Therefore, increases or decreases in exchange rates between the U.S. dollar and those other currencies affect the value of those items as reflected in our consolidated financial statements, even if their value remains unchanged in their original currency. Due to the continued volatility of foreign currency exchange rates to the U.S. dollar, fluctuations in currency exchange rates may expose us to risks inherent in conducting foreign operations. These risks include:

Additionally, changesThe Company depends on its information technology systems, some of which are managed by third parties, to process, transmit and store electronic information (including sensitive data such as confidential business information and personally identifiable data relating to employees, customers and other business partners), and to manage or support a variety of critical business processes and activities. If our information technology systems do not perform in a satisfactory manner, it could be disruptive and or adversely affect the United States’ participation in, withdrawal from, renegotiationoperations and results of certain international trade agreementsoperations of the Company, including the ability of the Company to report accurate and timely financial results.  

Furthermore, our information technology systems may be damaged, disrupted or shut down due to attacks by computer hackers, computer viruses, employee error or malfeasance, power outages, hardware failures, telecommunication or utility failures, catastrophes or other major trade related issues including the non-renewal of expiring favorable tariffs granted to developing countries, tariff quotas,unforeseen events, and retaliatory tariffs (including, but not limited to, the current United States administration’s tariffs on China and China's retaliatory tariffs on certain products from the United States), trade sanctions, new or onerous trade restrictions, embargoesin any such circumstances our system redundancy and other stringent government controlsdisaster recovery planning may be ineffective or inadequate. A failure of or breach in information technology security could expose us and our customers, distributors and suppliers to risks of misuse of information or systems, the compromise of confidential information, manipulation and destruction of data, defective products, production downtimes and operations disruptions. In addition, such breaches in security could result in litigation, regulatory action and potential liability, as well as the costs and operational consequences of implementing further data protection measures, each of which could have a material adverse effect on our business or results of operations and financial condition.operations.

The risks thatAs noted in item 9A below, the Company facesdid not maintain an effective control environment over the information technology general controls based upon the criteria established in its international operations may continuethe COSO framework, to intensify if theenable identification and mitigation of risks of material accounting errors. The Company has developed and is implementing a remediation plan to address this issue. See Item 9A “Controls and Procedures” for further develops and expands its international operations.information.

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The Company is subjectrelies on key management.

The Company relies on the management and leadership skills of Steve Filipov, its Chief Executive Officer. Mr. Filipov entered into an employment agreement commencing on September 1, 2019. Under the employment agreement, Mr. Filipov’s employment term automatically extends for successive periods of three years unless either the Company or Mr. Filipov gives written notice to currency fluctuations.

Changes in exchange rates between various currenciesthe other party of non-renewal at least 90 days prior to the end of the then current employment term.  The loss of his services could have had,a significant and will continue to have, annegative impact on our earnings. We regularly evaluate opportunities for,the Company’s business. In addition, the Company relies on the management and at times engage in, hedging activities to mitigate the impact that changes in exchange rates for various currencies may have on our financial results. Our hedging activities are designed to reduce and delay, but not to eliminate, the effectsleadership skills of foreign currency fluctuations. Factors that could affect the effectiveness of our hedging activities include volatility of currency markets, and the availability of effective hedging instruments. Since the hedging activities are designed to reduce volatility, they may have the effect of reducing both the negative and positive impacts that changes in exchange rates may have.  Our future financial resultsother senior executives. The Company could be significantly affectedharmed by the loss of key personnel in the future.

The Company may be required to record goodwill or other intangible impairment charges on all or a significant amount of the goodwill or intangibles on its Consolidated Balance Sheets.

As of December 31, 2020, the Company had approximately $27.5 million of goodwill and $15.7 million of net intangibles. The Company tests goodwill for impairment at least annually. If the carrying value of goodwill exceeds the implied fair value of the U.S. dollar versusgoodwill, an impairment charge is recorded for the native currenciesexcess, as occurred in both 2020 and 2019. An impairment of oura significant portion of goodwill could materially negatively affect the Company’s results of operations.

The Company received a loan under the Paycheck Protection Program of the CARES Act, and all or a portion of the loan may not be forgivable. 

On April 14, 2020, the Company and its United States subsidiaries (primarilyreceived a loan under the Euro)Paycheck Protection Program (PPP), which is part of the recently enacted CARES Act. The Company received total proceeds of $3.7 million from the PPP loan, and in accordance with the requirements of the PPP, the Company used proceeds from the PPP loan primarily for payroll costs. The loan is recorded on the balance sheet in current liabilities as well asdeferred income liability and cash provided by operating activities on the native currenciesstatement of foreign subsidiariescash flows. We have applied to have this loan forgiven in accordance with applicable provisions of the PPP loan program, and other currencies in which they conduct business.   The degree to which our financial results are affected forwe anticipate that this application will be approved.  However, we cannot provide any given time period will depend in part upon our hedging activities. There can be no assurance that our hedging activitiesany amount of the PPP loan will have the desired beneficial impact on our financial condition or results of operations. Moreover, no hedging activity can completely insulate us from the risks associated with changes in currency exchange rates. We currently have exposure to changes in exchange rates for a number of currencies including the Euro, the Chilean peso and the Argentinean peso.ultimately be forgiven.

Risks Relating to ourOur Common Stock

The Company’s principal shareholders, executive officers and directors hold a significant percentage of the Company’s common stock, and these shareholders may take actions that may be adverse to your interests.

The Company’s principal shareholders, executive officers and directors beneficially own, in the aggregate, approximately 27%39% of the Company’s common stock as of February 18, 2019.1, 2021. As a result, these shareholders, acting together, will be able to significantly influence all matters requiring shareholder approval, including the election and removal of directors and approval of significant corporate transactions such as mergers, consolidations, sales and purchases of assets. They also could dictate the management of the

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Company’s business and affairs. This concentration of ownership could have the effect of delaying, deferring or preventing a change in control or impeding a merger or consolidation, takeover or other business combination, even if smaller shareholders support such a transaction, which could cause the market price of our common stock to fall or prevent yousmaller shareholders from receiving a premium in such a transaction.

Provisions of the Michigan Business Corporation Act and the Company’s Articles of Incorporation, Amended and Restated Bylaws, and Rights Agreement may discourage or prevent a takeover of the Company.

Provisions of the Company’s Articles of Incorporation and Amended and Restated Bylaws, Michigan law, and the Rights Agreement, as amended, between the Company and Broadridge Corporate Issuer Solution, Inc., as rights agent, could make it more difficult for a third party to acquire the Company, even if doing so would be perceived to be beneficial to you. These provisions could discourage potential takeover attempts and could adversely affect the market price of the Company’s shares. Because of these provisions, you might not be able to receive a premium on your investment. These provisions:

The provisions described above could prevent, delay or defer a change in control of the Company or its management.

General Risk Factors

The trading price of our common stock is highly volatile.

The trading price of the Company’s common stock is highly volatile and could be subject to wide fluctuations in price in response to various factors, many of which are beyond the Company’s control, including:

In the past, following periods of volatility in the market price of a company’s securities, class action litigation has often been brought against companies. If a securities class action suit is filed against us, whether or not meritorious, we would incur substantial legal fees and our management’s attention and resources would be diverted from operating our business in order to respond to the litigation.

The cost of compliance with Section 404 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 may negatively impact the Company’s income.

The Company is subject to the rules and regulations of the SEC, including those rules and regulations mandated by the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002. Section 404 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act requires all reporting companies to include in their annual report a statement of management’s responsibilities for establishing and maintaining adequate internal control over financial reporting, together with an assessment of the effectiveness of those internal controls. Section 404 further requires that the reporting company’s independent auditors attest to, and report on, this management assessment. The Company expects its expenses related to its internal

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and external auditors to be significant. In particular, we have incurred and continue to incur substantial expenses and costs, including audit, legal and other professional fees, in connection with our ongoing efforts to remediate material weaknesses in our internal control over financial reporting identified in 2017 and 2018. If we fail to successfully remediate these material weaknesses and establish and maintain a system of adequate controls, it could have an adverse effect on our business and stock price.

The price of our common stock is highly volatile.

The trading price of the Company’s common stock is highly volatile and could be subject to wide fluctuations in price in response to various factors, many of which are beyond the Company’s control, including:

In the past, following periods of volatility in the market price of a company’s securities, class action litigation has often been brought against companies. If a securities class action suit is filed against us, whether or not meritorious, we would incur substantial legal fees and our management’s attention and resources would be diverted from operating our business in order to respond to the litigation.

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Provisions of the Michigan Business Corporation Act and the Company’s Articles of Incorporation, Amended and Restated Bylaws, and Rights Agreement may discourage or prevent a takeover of the Company.

Provisions of the Company’s Articles of Incorporation and Amended and Restated Bylaws, Michigan law, and the Rights Agreement, dated October 17, 2008, between the Company and Broadridge Corporate Issuer Solution, Inc., as rights agent, could make it more difficult for a third party to acquire the Company, even if doing so would be perceived to be beneficial to you. These provisions could discourage potential takeover attempts and could adversely affect the market price of the Company’s shares. Because of these provisions, you might not be able to receive a premium on your investment. These provisions:

The provisions described above could prevent, delay or defer a change in control of the Company or its management.

The restatement of our previously issued financial statements was time-consuming and expensive and could expose us to additional risks that could have a negative effect on our Company.

We restated our previously issued audited financial statements for the year ended December 31, 2016 as well as the unaudited quarterly financial information included in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2016, the unaudited financial statements for the quarter ended March 31, 2017 included in our Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended March 31, 2017, and the unaudited financial statements for the six-month period ended June 30, 2017 included in our Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended June 30, 2017.  In addition, our Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended September 30, 2017 and our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2017 were not filed in a timely manner.  The restatement process was time consuming and expensive and, along with the failure to make certain filings with the SEC in a timely manner, could expose us to additional risks that could have a negative effect on our Company.  In particular, we had incurred substantial unanticipated expenses and costs, including audit, legal and other professional fees, in connection with the restatement of our previously issued financial statements and the ongoing remediation of material weaknesses in our internal control over financial reporting. Certain remediation actions had been recommended and we are in the process of implementing them (see Item 9A "Controls and Procedures" of this Form 10-K for a description of these remediation measures). To the extent these steps are not successful, we could be forced to incur additional time and expense. Our management’s attention had also been diverted from the operation of our business in connection with the restatement and these ongoing remediation efforts. In addition, as a result of these restatements and failure to timely make certain filings with the SEC, we could be subject to governmental, regulatory or other actions. Any such proceedings could, regardless of the outcome, consume a significant amount of management’s time and attention and could result in additional legal, accounting and other costs and liabilities.

The Company continues to comply with the SEC investigation regarding the Company’s restatement of prior financial statements, which was completed in April 2018.None

The Company’s executive offices are located at 9725 Industrial Drive, Bridgeview, Illinois 60455. The Company has sevensix principal operating plants. The Company’s Lifting Equipment business operates from the facilities described in this paragraph. The Company builds boom trucks and sign cranes in its 188,000 sq. ft. leased facility located in Georgetown, Texas. The Company manufactures its knuckle boom cranes in two owned facilities, the 542,000 sq. ft. plant located in S. Cesario sul Panaro, Italy and the 213,000 sq. ft. facility located in Arad, Romania.  The Romania facility also produces sub-assemblies that are incorporated into PM products manufactured in Italy.  The Company manufactures its precision pick and carry cranes in a 58,000 sq. ft. facility located in Piacenza, Italy. The Company builds specialized rough terrain cranes and material handling product in its 170,000 sq. ft. owned facility located in Winona, Minnesota.  The Company builds its specialized mobile tanks for liquid and solid storage and containment solutions in its 100,000 sq. ft. leased facility located in Knox, Indiana.

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The Company operates its crane distribution business from a 39,000 sq. ft. leased facility located in Bridgeview, Illinois.  The Bridgeview facility also houses our corporate offices.

All our facilities are used exclusively by the Company. The Company believes that its facilities are suitable for its business and will be adequate to meet our current needs.

The Company is involvedinformation set forth in various legal proceedings, including product liabilityNote 21 (Legal Proceedings and workers’ compensation matters which have arisen in the normal course of operations. The Company has product liability insurance with self-insurance retention that ranges from $50 thousand to $0.5 million. The Company has a $250 thousand per claim deductible on worker compensation claims and aggregates of $1.0 million to $1.9 million depending on the policy year.  Certain cases are at a preliminary stage and it is not possible to estimate the amount or timing of any costOther Contingencies) to the Company. However, the Company does not believe that these contingencies,accompanying Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements included in the aggregate, will have a material adverse effectPart II.  Item 8 “Financial Statements” on the Company. Reserves have been established for several liability cases related to PM acquisitions. When itForm 10-K is probable that a loss has been incurred and possible to make a reasonable estimate of the Company’s liability with respect to such matters, a provision is recorded for the amount of such estimate or the minimum amount of a range of estimates when it is not possible to estimate the amount within the range that is most likely to occur.incorporated herein by reference.

Not applicable

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PART II

Market for the Company’s Common Stock

The Company’s common stock is listed on The NASDAQ Capital Market trading under the symbol MNTX.

Number of Common Stockholders

As of February 27, 2019,9, 2021, there were 155 record holders of the Company’s common stock.

Dividends

During the fiscal years ended December 31, 2018, 20172020 and 2016,2019, the Company did not declare or pay any cash dividends on its common stock and the Company does not intend to pay any cash dividends in the foreseeable future. Furthermore, the terms of our credit facility do not allow us to declare or pay dividends without the prior written consent of the lender.

Performance Graph

The following stock performance graph is intended to show our stock performance compared with that of comparable companies. The stock performance graph shows the change in market value of ten thousand dollars invested in our Common Stock, the Russell 2000 Index and a peer group of comparable companies (“Peer Group”) for the five-year period commencing December 31, 2013 through December 31, 2018. The cumulative total stockholder return of the peer group and Russell 2000 Index assumes dividends are reinvested. The stockholder return shown on the graph below is not indicative of future performance. The companies in the Peer Group are weighted by market capitalization.

The Peer Group consists of the following companies, which are in similar lines of business to Manitex International Inc. Lindsay Corporation (LNN), Gencor Industries Inc. (GENC), Astec Industries, Inc. (ASTE), Columbus McKinnon Corporation (CMCO) and Alamo Group, Inc. (ALG). The companies in the Peer Group generally have market capitalizations that are significantly greater than the Company’s market capitalization. It was necessary to select companies with higher market capitalizations to find companies with similar lines of business. Our competitors are most often either small privately-owned companies with a narrow product line or a segment of a very large company. In selecting our Peer Group, we intentionally excluded the companies that had the largest market capitalization even when their product lines were similar to ours.

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CUMULATIVE TOTAL RETURN

Based upon an initial investment of $10,000 on December 31, 2013

with dividends reinvested

Issuer Purchases of Equity Securities

The following table provides information about the Company’s purchases of equity securities during the quarter ended December 31, 2018:2020:

18Not applicable.

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The following selected financial data should be read in conjunction with our financial statements and the related notes thereto and “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations” included elsewhere in this report.

The Company’s results include the results for companies acquired from their respective effective dates of acquisition: December 16, 2014 for Lift Ventures, December 20, 2014 for ASV, January 15, 2015 for the PM Group and March 12, 2015 for Columbia Tanks.

The below financial data reflects the following entities as discontinued operations from 2014 through the year in which the entity was disposed:  2015 for Load King, and 2016 for Liftking, and CVS.  In addition, the data for the years 2014 to 2017 presents ASV as a discontinued operation.

(In thousands except share information)

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Recent Developments

Impact of COVID-19

We are continuing to closely monitor the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on all aspects of our business, including how it is impacting our customers, employees, supply chain, and distribution network, as well as the demand for our products in the industries and markets that we serve. Our first priority is the health and safety of our employees, customers, and business partners and we believe that we have taken every necessary step to keep our facilities clean and safe during the COVID-19 pandemic. While COVID19 had a material impact on our reported results for our second, third, and fourth quarters, we are unable to predict the ultimate impact that it may have on our business, future results of operations, financial position or cash flows. The extent to which our operations may be impacted by the COVID-19 pandemic will depend largely on future developments, which are highly uncertain and cannot be accurately predicted, including new information which may emerge concerning the ultimate severity and duration of the outbreak and actions by government authorities to contain the outbreak or treat its impact. Furthermore, the impacts of a potential worsening of global economic conditions and the continued disruptions to and volatility in the financial markets remain unknown. See Part II, Item 1A, Risk Factors, for an additional discussion of risks related to COVD-19.

As a result of the impact of the COVID-19 outbreak, during the second, third, and fourth quarters of 2020, the Company experienced a temporary reduction of its manufacturing and operating capacity in Italy as a result of government-mandated actions to control the spread of COVID-19 which adversely impacted our revenues. Further, the Company has experienced and may continue to experience disruptions or delays in its supply chain as a result of such actions, which would result in higher supply chain costs to the Company in order to maintain the supply of materials and components for its products. In addition, the Company has modified its business practices (including practices regarding employee travel, employee work locations, and cancellation of physical participation in meetings, events and conferences).

During 2020, to address the COVID-19 outbreak induced downturn in our business including, but not limited to, the Company adopted a restructuring plan for North American operations to generate approximately $4.5 million in annualized cost savings.

In addition to the above, we continued to take steps to minimize the negative impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on our business and to protect the safety of our employees and customers. For the year ended December 31, 2020, we had available liquidity through cash and our credit facility of approximately $29 million to address liquidity concerns and we remained in compliance with the covenants in our bank credit facility as we were able to generate positive cash flow from operations of approximately $8.3 million (excluding the PPP loan of $3.7 million) for the year ended December 31, 2020 and maintain a strong balance sheet. Furthermore, in December 2020, the Company paid down approximately $17.5 million of the convertible notes and European bank debt. Lastly, the company's consolidated backlog of approximately $82 million, as of January 31, 2021 is at its highest level in over three years.

Business Overview

The following management’s discussion and analysis of financial condition and results of continuing operations should be read in conjunction with the Company’s financial statements and notes, and other information included elsewhere in this Report.

FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS

When reading this section of this Annual Report on Form 10-K, it is important that you also read the financial statements and related notes thereto. This Annual Report on Form 10-K and certain information incorporated herein by reference contain forward-looking statements within the “safe harbor” provisions of the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995. All statements contained in this Annual Report on Form 10-K, other than statements that are purely historical, are forward-looking statements and are based upon management’s present expectations, objectives, anticipations, plans, hopes, beliefs, intentions or strategies regarding the future. We use words such as “anticipate,” “estimate,” “plan,” “project,” “continuing,” “ongoing,” “expect,” “believe,” “intend,” “may,” “will,” “should,” “could,” and similar expressions to identify forward-looking statements. Forward-looking statements in this Annual Report on Form 10-K include, without limitation:  projections of revenue, earnings, capital structure and other financial items, statements of our plans and objectives, statements regarding the capabilities and capacities of our business operations,  statements of expected future economic conditions and the effect on us and on our customers, expected benefits of our cost reduction measures, and  assumptions underlying statements regarding us or our business. Our actual results may differ from information contained in these forward-looking statements for many reasons, including those described below and in the section entitled “Item 1A. Risk Factors”:See “Forward-Looking Statements”.  

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The risks described in this Annual Report on Form 10-K are not the only risks facing our Company. Additional risks and uncertainties not currently known to us or that we currently deem to be immaterial also may materially adversely affect our business, financial condition or operating results. All forward-looking statements are made only as of the date hereof. We do not undertake, and expressly disclaim, any obligation to update this forward-looking information, except as required under applicable law.

OVERVIEW

The Company is a leading provider of engineered lifting solutions. The Company reports in a single business segment and has five operating segments.  The Company designs, manufactures and distributes a diverse group of products that serve different functions and are used in a variety of industries.

Manitex, Inc. (“Manitex”) markets a comprehensive line of boom trucks, truck cranes and sign cranes. Manitex’s boom trucks and crane products are primarily used for industrial projects, energy exploration and infrastructure development, including roads, bridges and commercial construction.

Badger Equipment Company (“Badger”) is a manufacturer of specialized rough terrain cranes and material handling products. Badger primarily serves the needs of the construction, municipality and railroad industries.

PM Oil and Steel S.p.A. (“PM”), formerly known as PM Group S.p.A., is a leading Italian manufacturer of truck-mounted hydraulic knuckle boom cranes with a 50-year history of technology and innovation, and a product range spanning more than 50 models. Its largest subsidiary, Oil & Steel (“O&S”), is a manufacturer of truck-mounted aerial platforms with a diverse product line and an international client base.

Valla product line of industrial cranes is a full range of precision pick and carry cranes using electric, diesel, and hybrid power options. Its cranes offer wheeled or tracked, and fixed or swing boom configurations, with special applications designed specifically to meet the needs of its customers. These products are sold internationally through dealers and into the rental distribution channel.

Manitex Sabre, Inc. (“Sabre”), which is located in Knox, Indiana, manufactures a comprehensive line of specialized mobile tanks for liquid and solid storage and containment solutions with capacities from 8,000 to 21,000 gallons. Its mobile tanks are sold to specialized independent tank rental companies and through the Company’s existing dealer network. The tanks are used in a variety of end markets such as petrochemical, waste management and oil and gas drilling.  

Crane and Machinery, Inc. (“C&M”) is a distributor of the Company’s products as well as Terex Corporation’s (“Terex”) rough terrain and truck cranes.  Crane and Machinery Leasing, Inc. (“C&M Leasing”) rents equipment manufactured by the Company as well as a limited amount of equipment manufactured by third parties.  Although C&M is a distributor of Terex rough terrain and truck cranes, C&M’s primary business is the distribution of products manufactured by the Company.  

Consolidated Variable Interest Entity

Even though it had no ownership interest in SVW Crane & Equipment Company (together with its wholly owned subsidiary, Rental Consulting Service Company, “SVW”), the Company had the power to direct the activities that most significantly impact SVW’s economic performance. Additionally, the Company was the primary beneficiary of the SVW relationship. SVW obtained third party financing, which was effectively guaranteed by the Company, on specific cranes the Company manufactured and remitted the loan proceeds to the Company. Other than its business transactions described herein, SVW had no other substantial business operations. The Company had determined that SVW is a Variable Interest Entity (“VIE”) that under current accounting guidance needed to be consolidated in the Company’s financial results. SVW was consolidated into the Company’s financial results beginning in the first quarter of 2016 through the fourth quarter of 2017.  By December 31, 2017, SVW had ceased operations and is therefore not a consolidated VIE after December 31, 2017.

Income and losses related to VIE’s are typically shown in a company’s financial statements as being attributed to a non-controlling interest.  Other than its transactions between SVW and the Company, SVW had no other substantial business operations.  Furthermore, the Company exercised control and absorbed all losses and received all the income from SVW operations.  Therefore, the Company has concluded that income and losses related to the VIE are attributable to the Shareholders of the Company.

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Economic Conditions

In 2016, we noted that the selloff by energy companies of excess equipment that began in 2015 continued through much of the year. This selloff dampened demand for new equipment in both the energy market and the other markets we serve with our boom trucks.  We did note that oil prices did begin to increase and by the beginning of June 2016 were approaching $50 per barrel.  Additionally, the oil rig count began to increase again and by year end totaled 525 oil rigs. Late in the year, orders received began to increase and included orders for a number of cranes in a multitude of markets that the Company serves.   The Company continues to aggressively pursue multiple markets including the tree, utility, general construction and energy markets.

In 2017, Oil prices remained relatively stable through the first nine months of the year, before the prices began to strengthen considerably during the fourth quarter of the year.  Oil prices at the end of 2017 topped $61 per barrel.  The oil rig count declined during the first half of the year to 431 before rebounding to 658 by the end of 2017.  In early 2018, the oil rig count continued to increase and at the end of March 2018 increased to over 800.  The sell-off of used equipment continued through most of the year but the effects diminished throughout the year.  The market for boom trucks continued to improve throughout the year but remained below normal levels.  Orders, however, increased significantly in the fourth quarter of 2017 and going into 2018 demand for boom trucks continued to increase.

The market for PM knuckle boom cranes was not significantly affected by decrease in oil prices.  The markets for these products have been more stable.  The North American market for knuckle boom cranes is growing. PM currently has a small share of the market for knuckle boom cranes in North America. The Company has started to manufacture knuckle boom cranes on a limited basis in the United States and is marketing them through the Company’s current distribution channels. The Company currently has a strong presence in North America for its boom trucks. The Company believes that it can significantly increase the Company’s share for knuckle boom cranes in North America. The Company believes this is an immediate opportunity that will continue to grow over time.

In 2017, the demand for knuckle boom cranes was up modestly in all the markets that PM sells into except for the Middle East.  The demand from the Middle East market was consistent with the prior year but remains significantly depressed.  In 2017, Western and North Europe were PM’s largest markets. Although there was growth in the other PM markets, the demand from such other markets has not returned to levels achieved in the past.    

During 2018, demand for boom trucks continued to be significantly above 2017 levels with industry shipments increasing 19% versus 2017. The general economic environment in the United States during 2018 was favorable. During 2018, the United States economy was strong, oil prices strengthened, and U.S. oil rig count increased to 1,083 at December 28, 2018 from 929 at December 31, 2017. The Company currently expects the favorable environment that it is currently operating to continue through 2019.  

During 2018, the demand for knuckle boom cranes was steady in all the markets that PM sells into except for some markets in Latin America where local currency turbulence with strong devaluations towards the Euro and US dollar affected the local demand.  The demand from the Middle East market was consistent with 2017 but remained significantly slow.  During 2018, demand from Western and Northern Europe, PM’s largest markets, remained at a solid level. Although there was light growth in the other PM markets, the demand from such other markets was still lower than the levels achieved in the past. PM’s markets appeared to be stable or growing moving into 2019.

Factors Affecting Revenues and Gross Profit

The Company derives most of its revenue from purchase orders from dealers and distributors. The demand for the Company’s products depends upon the general economic conditions of the markets in which the Company competes. The Company’s sales depend in part upon its customers’ replacement or repair cycles. Adverse economic conditions, including a decrease in commodity prices, may cause customers to forego or postpone new purchases in favor of repairing existing machinery.

Gross profit varies from period to period. Factors that affect gross profit include product mix, production levels and cost of raw materials. Margins tend to increase when production is skewed towards larger capacity cranes.

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The following table sets forth certain financial data for the three years ended December 31, 2018, 20172020, and 2016:2019:

Results of Consolidated Operations

MANITEX INTERNATIONAL, INC.

(In thousands, except share data)thousands)

Year Ended December 31, 2018 from2020 Continuing Operations Compared to Year Ended December 31, 2017 from Continuing Operations2019

Net loss(loss) income from continuing operations

For the year ended December 31, 2018,2020, net loss was $13.2$12.7 million, which consists of revenue of $242.1 million, cost of sales of $198.1 million, research and development costs of $2.8 million, SG&A costs of $41.5 million, interest expense of $5.5 million, interestcompared to net income of $0.2, a loss in the change in fair value of securities held of $5.5, foreign currency transaction loss of $0.8$0.1 million other loss of $0.4 million, loss in non-marketable equity interest of $0.4 million and income tax expense of $0.5 million.

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For the year ended December 31, 2017, net loss was $7.1 million, which consists of revenue of $213.1 million, cost of sales of $176.3 million, research and development costs of $2.6 million, SG&A costs of $34.5 million, interest expense of $6.5 million, foreign currency transaction loss of $1.1 million, other income of $0.4 million, income in non-marketable equity interest of $0.4 million and income tax benefit of $0.1 million.for 2019.

Net revenue and gross profit —For the year ended December 31, 2018,2020, net revenue and gross profit were $242.1$167.5 million and $44.0$30.9 million, respectively. Gross profit as a percent of net revenues was 18.2%18.4% for the year ended December 31, 2018.2020.  For the year ended December 31, 2017,2019, net revenue and gross profit were $213.1$215.5 million and $36.8$40.8 million, respectively. Gross profit as a percent of salesnet revenues was 17.3%19.0% for the year ended December 31, 2017.  2019.  

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For 2018,2020, revenues increased $29.0decreased $48.0 million or 13.6%22.3% from $213.1$215.5 million for 2017 to $242.1 million for 2018.  2019. The increase isdecreases are primarily due to decreases in straight mast crane sales and revenues from the Company’s United States subsidiaries, primarily due to the impact of the ongoing of COVID-19 pandemic partially offset by an increase in straight mast cranes revenues and specialized mobile tank revenues. The Company also had increases from all other business units for the year.   The revenues for the year ended December 31, 2018 were also favorably impacteddue to a favorable impact by a stronger Euro, which accounted for approximately $3.7 million of the increase in revenue.  $2.2 million.  

Gross profit as a percent of net revenues was 18.2%18.4% for the year ended December 31, 2018,2020, which increaseddecreased from 17.3%19.0% for the year ended December 31, 2017.2019. The improvementdecrease in gross profit is attributable to decreases in revenues and product mix partially offset by decrease in cost of sales. The decline in the gross profit percentage is primarily due to an increasedriven by product mix as lower margin products were sold in the gross margin percentage generated on the sale of straight mast cranes and specialized mobile tanks.  Boom truck margins were favorably impacted by an increase in production volume and improved pricing.  Pricing improved in 2018, largely the result of a decrease in discounts being offered during 2018. The gross margin percent for the year ended December 31, 2017 was affected by $1.7 million in inventory reserve adjustments in the third and fourth quarters of 2017.  2020.

Research and development —Research and development for the year ended December 31, 20182020 was $2.8$3.2 million compared to $2.6$2.7 million for the comparable period in 2017. Research and development expenditures were relatively consistent with the prior period.2019. The Company’s research and development spending continues to reflect our commitment to develop and introduce new products that give the Company a competitive advantage.

Selling, general and administrative expense —Selling, — Selling, general and administrative expense for the year ended December 31, 20182020 was $41.5$28.7 million compared to $34.5$34.1 million for the comparable period in 2017, an increase2019, a decrease of $7.0$5.4 million. Approximately $5.8 million wasThe decreases are primarily related to net impairment charges to intangible assets. Approximately $2 millioncost savings initiatives implemented during the second quarter of the increase is attributed to fees related to financial statement restatement2020 at our US facilities resulting in permanent and temporary layoffs of employees, postponement of consulting costs, and $0.6 million of the increase is attributed to currency exchange impact. In 2017, a non-recurring expense related to the ConExpo trade show (the show is held every three years and was held in March 2017) accountedlower professional fees.  Also cost reduction occurred driven by our Italian subsidiaries which were shut down for $0.5 million in expense.  The remaining $1 million is attributed to decreases in PM expenses related to restructuring activities, partially offset by increases in the United States which are partiallyfour weeks due to increased revenues.COVID-19. In addition, 2019 included restructuring charges at our PM facilities, which did not occur in 2020.

Operating loss —The Company had an operating loss of $0.2 millionAdvertising —Advertising costs are expensed as incurred and were $489 and $965 for the yearyears ended December 31, 2018 compared to an operating loss2020, and 2019, respectively. The advertising costs are included within the SG&A financial statement caption and the decrease in expense is consistent with the cost savings initiatives discussed above.

Impairment of $0.3 million in the prior year.  Operating loss increased due to changes in revenue, cost of sales and operating expenses explained above.

Interest expense —Interestintangible assets – Impairment expense was $5.5$6.7 million and $6.5$1.5 million for the years ended December 31, 20182020 and 2017,2019, respectively. 2018 interestThe increase was driven by the COVID-19 pandemic which caused a decrease in the Company’s market capitalization causing a triggering event which resulted in a $6.6 million goodwill impairment charge and a $0.1 million tradename impairment charge during 2020.

Interest expense —Interest expense was $3.6 million and $4.5 million for the years ended December 31, 2020 and 2019, respectively.  The decrease reflects the benefitimpact of decreases inlower outstanding debt balances partially offset by higherand lower interest rates.rates during 2020.

Foreign currency transaction loss

Gain from extinguishment of debt— Foreign currency loss was $0.8 million forFor 2020, the Company paid off the entire PM term and unsecured debt at a 15% discount to its face value which resulted in a gain of $0.6 million.

Change in fair value of securities held— For the year ended December 31, 2018 and $1.1 million for2020, the Company held no marketable securities. For the year ended December 31, 2017. As stated2019, the Company had a gain of $5.5 million due to a change in the past,fair value of securities held in ASV.

Foreign currency transaction loss — For the year ended December 31, 2020, the Company attemptshad a foreign currency loss of $0.8 million consistent with the loss incurred during 2019. A substantial portion of the losses relate to purchase forward currency exchange contracts such that the exchange gains and losses on the assets and liabilities denominated in other than the reporting units’ functional currency will be offset by the changes in the market value of the forward currency exchange contracts it holds.  Currency risks can be reduced but not eliminated in part because theArgentinian peso. The Company has not been able to identify a strategy to effectively hedge the currency risks related to the Argentinian peso.   The Company records at the balance sheet date the forward currency exchange contracts at their market value with any associated gain or loss being recorded in current earnings as a currency gain or loss.

A substantial portion of the 2018 loss is attributable to exchange losses related to the Argentinian peso.  As previously stated, the Company has not been able to identify a strategy to effectively hedge currency risks related to the Argentinian peso.  

Other (loss)(expense) income— For the years ended December 31, 2018 and 2017, the Company had other loss of $0.4 million and other income of $0.4 million, respectively. For the year ended December 31, 2018,2020, the Company had other lossexpenses of $0.5 million compared to other income of less than $0.1 million for the comparable period in 2019. Other expense for the year ended December 31, 2020, was primarily related to a legal settlement and the increase in the fair market valueclosing of a contingent liability associated with the PM acquisition based on a revaluation that used updated information.location in Italy.

Discontinued operations— For the year ended December 31, 2017, other income is the result of revaluing a contingent acquisition liability related to an option to acquire certain PM bank debt.

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Change in fair value of securities held—-For the year ended December 31, 2018,2020, the Company had lossesa net loss from discontinued operations of $5.5 million. Losses$0.9 million compared to a net loss from discontinued operations of $8.6 million for the comparable period in 2019. The improvement was mainly driven by no impairment expense during 2020, compared to $6.6 million of goodwill and intangible impairment expense during 2019.

Income tax — On March 27, 2020, the “Coronavirus Aid, Relief and Economic Security (CARES) Act” was enacted. The CARES Act, among other things, includes provisions relating to net operating loss carrybacks, alternative minimum tax credit refunds, a modification to the net interest deduction limitations and a technical correction to tax depreciation methods for qualified improvement

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property. The CARES Act did not have a material impact on the Company’s consolidated financial statements for the year ended December 31, 2018 were due to a change in the fair value of securities held in ASV (see Notes 11 and 26 in the accompanying Consolidated Financial Statements).2020.

Income tax — On December 22, 2017, the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act (the “Jobs Act”) was enacted into law. The Jobs Act makes comprehensive changes to the U.S. tax code, including, but not limited to, reducing the U.S. federal corporate tax rate from 35% to 21%, changes to the rules related to uses and limitations of net operating loss carryforwards created in tax years beginning after December 31, 2017, immediate expensing of certain qualified property, creation of a new limitation on deductible interest expense, repealcalculation of the U.S. corporate minimum tax (“AMT”), and changes in the manner in which international operations are taxed in the U.S. Although the majority of the changes resulting from the Jobs Act are effective beginning in 2018, U.S. GAAP requires that certain impacts of the Jobs Act be recognized in theoverall income tax provision in the period of enactment.

In response to the enactment of the Jobs Act, the SEC issued Staff Accounting Bulletin (“SAB”) 118, which provides guidance on accounting for the tax effects of the Jobs Act. SAB 118 provides a measurement period that should not extend beyond one year from the Jobs Act enactment date for companies to complete the accounting under ASC 740. To the extent that a company’s accounting for certain income tax effects of the Jobs Act is incomplete but is able to determine a reasonable estimate, it must record a provisional estimate in the financial statements.

In accordance with SAB 118, the Company recorded a provisional increase to its net deferred tax asset of $0.4 million, which is primarily attributable to deferred tax liabilities related to indefinite lived intangible assets that became available as a source of taxable income to offset existing deferred tax assets and for the recognition of refundable alternative minimum tax credits as provided for in the Jobs Act.

The Jobs Act includes a mandatory one-time transition tax on accumulated earnings of foreign subsidiaries. As a result, all previously unremitted earnings for which no U.S. deferred tax liability had been accrued are now subject to U.S. tax. The Company recorded a provisional amount for the one-time transition tax liability for all of its foreign subsidiaries resulting in an income tax expense of approximately $0.5 million, which was offset by a reduction in the valuation allowance. During the year12 months ended December 31, 2018, we increased our one-time transition tax on accumulated earnings2020 primarily consists of foreign subsidiaries by $0.3 million, which was offset by a reduction in the valuation allowance. Due to our net loss position, we were not subject to US federal and state taxes in connection with the deemed repatriation of foreign earnings.

The Company completed its analysis of the Jobs Act during 2018. There was no impact todomestic income tax expense as a result of the changes to provisional amounts recorded in the consolidated financial statements for the year-ended December 31, 2017.

Approximately $3.8 million of the Company’s undistributed foreign earnings have been subject to US federal taxation as required by the Jobs Act. The Company’s assertion to indefinitely reinvest its foreign earnings remains unchanged despite the taxation of its undistributed foreign earnings. Upon remittance of these earnings, the Company would be subject to withholding taxprovision resulting from state and some state tax. It is not practicable to estimate the tax impact of the reversal of the outside basis difference, or the repatriation of cash due to the complexity associated with the calculations.

The Jobs Act also establishes Global Intangible Low-Taxed Income (“GILTI”) provisions that impose a tax onlocal taxes, foreign income taxes, the change in excess of a deemed return on tangible assets of foreign corporations. The Company has elected to recognize GILTI as a period cost as incurred, therefore there are no deferred taxes recognized for basis differences that are expected to impact the amount of the GILTI inclusion upon reversal.unrecognized tax benefits and valuation allowance.

The Company’s effective tax rate from continuing operations was an income tax provision of 4.04%5.6% on a pretax loss of $12.7$12.0 million compared to an income tax benefitprovision of 1.6%98.1% on a pretax lossincome of $7.2 million.$2.8 million from prior year. The increase in the effective tax rate isfor the year ended December 31, 2020 differs from the U.S. statutory rate of 21% primarily due primarily to the tax effects related to the mix of domestic and foreign earnings, and an increase in nondeductible permanent differences, domestic losses for which the Company is not recognizing an income tax benefit, the change in unrecognized tax benefits and the valuation allowance. In the prior year the Company established a valuation allowance against the deferred assets of PM.

Liquidity and Capital Resources

(Loss) income in equity investments — The Company had (loss)ultimate duration and income related to its equity investment of $(0.4) million and $0.4 million for the years ended December 31, 2018 and 2017, respectively. Loss for the year ended December 31, 2018 was from sale of shares of ASV Holdings stock and loss on equity investment in ASV Holdings compared to income from equity investment in ASV Holdings for the comparable period.   

Net loss from continuing operations —Net loss for the years ended December 31, 2018 and 2017 was $13.2 million and $7.1 million, respectively. The change is explained above.

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Year Ended December 31, 2017 from Continuing Operations Compared to Year Ended December 31, 2016 from Continuing Operations

Net loss from continuing operations

For the year ended December 31, 2017, net loss was $7.1 million, which consists of revenue of $213.1 million, cost of sales of $176.3 million, research and development costs of $2.6 million, SG&A costs of $34.5 million, interest expense of $6.5 million, foreign currency transaction loss of $1.1 million, other income of $0.4 million, income in non-marketable equity interest of $0.4 million and income tax benefit of $0.1 million.

For the year ended December 31, 2016, net loss was $23.2 million, which consists of revenue of $173.2 million, cost of sales of $143.3 million, research and development costs of $2.9 million, SG&A costs of $37.0 million, interest expense of $7.8 million (including debt issuance costs of $1.4 million), foreign currency transaction loss of $1.1 million, other income of $0.9 million, loss in non-marketable equity interest of $5.8 million and income tax benefit of $0.6 million.

Net revenue and gross profit —For the year ended December 31, 2017, net revenue and gross profit were $213.1 million and $36.8 million, respectively. Gross profit as a percent of sales was 17.3% for the year ended December 31, 2017.  For the year ended December 31, 2016, net revenue and gross profit were $173.2 million and $29.9 million, respectively. Gross profit as a percent of sales was 17.3% for the year ended December 31, 2016.  

For 2017 revenues increased $39.9 million or 23.0% from $173.2 million for 2016 to $213.1 million for 2017.  The increase is primarily due to an increase in straight mast cranes revenues.   The increase is due to an improvement in market conditions addressed above under the heading “Economic Conditions”.  The revenues for the year ended December 31, 2017 were also favorably impacted by a stronger Euro, which accounted for approximately $1.0 millionseverity of the increase in revenue.  

Gross profit as a percent of net revenues was 17.3% for the year ended December 31, 2017, which is equal to the gross profit for the year ended December 31, 2016 year. The gross margin percent for the year ended December 31, 2017 was affected by $1.7 million in inventory reserve adjustments in the third and fourth quarters of 2017.  

Research and development —Research and development for the year ended December 31, 2017 was $2.6 million compared to $2.9 million for the comparable period in 2016. Research and development expenditures were relatively consistent with the prior period. The Company’s research and development spending continues to reflect our commitment to develop and introduce new products that give the Company a competitive advantage.

Selling, general and administrative expense —Selling, general and administrative expense for the year ended December 31, 2017 was $34.5 million compared to $37.0 million for the comparable period in 2016, a decrease of $2.4 million.  The three months ended March 31, 2017 included expenses of $0.5 million incurred in connection with our participationCOVID-19 pandemic remain highly uncertain at the 2017 Con Expo trade show. The Con Expo show, which is held every three years, was held in Las Vegas in March of this year. This show is an international gathering place for the construction industries. It is estimated that 130,000 professionals from around the world attended the show.  

Selling, general and administrative expenses decreased $2.9 million when Con Expo expenses are excluded. The decrease is primarily related to the Company’s continued cost cutting programs.  

Operating loss —The Company had an operating loss of $0.3 million for the year ended December 31, 2017 compared to an operating loss of $10.0 million in the prior year.  Operating income increased due to changes in revenue, cost of sales and operating expenses explained above.

Interest expense —Interest expense was $6.5 million and $7.8 million for the years ended December 31, 2017 and 2016, respectively.  A non-recurring expense in 2016 of $1.4 million accounts for the majority of the decrease.  The non-recurring charge was the result of expensing deferred financing costs when debt was refinanced.

As the majority of the Company’s debt is variable interest rate debt, the modest increases in market interest rates including LIBOR and the U.S. prime rates were mostly offset by a decrease in outstanding debt.

Foreign currency transaction loss — Foreign currency loss was $1.1 million for both years ended December 31, 2017 and 2016. As stated in the past, the Company attempts to purchase forward currency exchange contracts such that the exchange gains and lossestime.  Accordingly, its impact on the assetsglobal economy generally and liabilities denominated in other than the reporting units’ functional currency will be offset by the changes in the market value of the forward currency exchange contracts it holds.  Currency risks can be reduced but not eliminated in part because the Company has not been able to identify a strategy to effectively hedge the currency risks related to the Argentinian peso.   The Company records at the balance sheet date the forward currency exchange contracts at their market value with any associated gain or loss being recorded in current earnings as a currency gain or loss.

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A substantial portion of the 2017 loss is attributable to exchange losses related to the Argentinian peso.  As previously stated, the Company has not been able to identify a strategy to effectively hedge currency risks related to the Argentinian peso.  

The 2016 currency loss also reflects the recognition of deferred loss of $0.2 million related to an intercompany receivable.  The loss had been previously deferred in other comprehensive income as there was an intercompany receivable that was not expected to be repaid.  The repayment of the receivable resulted in the recognition of the previously deferred loss.  

Other income (loss) — For the years ended December 31, 2017our customers and 2016, the Company had other income of $0.4 million and $0.9 million, respectively.  For the year ended December 31, 2017, other income is the result of revaluing a contingent acquisition liability related to an option to acquire certain PM bank debt. The fair market value of the contingent acquisition liability is subject to revaluation on a recurring basis.  The revaluation that was performed for March 31, 2018 will take into account the effect of PM debt restructuring that happened in the first quarter of 2018. During 2016, the fair value of this liability was recalculated based on updated 2017 EBITDA projections.  This revaluation resulted in a gain of approximately $0.9 million.  

Income tax — On December 22, 2017, the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act (the “Jobs Act”) was enacted into law. The Jobs Act makes comprehensive changes to the U.S. tax code, including, but not limited to, reducing the U.S. federal corporate tax rate from 35% to 21%, changes to the rules related to uses and limitations of net operating loss carryforwards created in tax years beginning after December 31, 2017, immediate expensing of certain qualified property, creation of a new limitation on deductible interest expense, repeal of the U.S. corporate minimum tax (“AMT”), and changes in the manner in which international operations are taxed in the U.S. Although the majority of the changes resulting from the Jobs Act are effective beginning in 2018, U.S. GAAP requires that certain impacts of the Jobs Act be recognized in the income tax provision in the period of enactment.

In response to the enactment of the Jobs Act, the SEC issued Staff Accounting Bulletin (“SAB”) 118, which provides guidance on accounting for the tax effects of the Jobs Act. SAB 118 provides a measurement period that should not extend beyond one year from the Jobs Act enactment date for companies to complete the accounting under ASC 740. To the extent that a company’s accounting for certain income tax effects of the Jobs Act is incomplete but is able to determine a reasonable estimate, it must record a provisional estimate in the financial statements. As described in Note 16, the Company has completed its analysis of the Jobs Act during 2018. There was no impact to income tax expense as a result of the changes to provisional amounts recorded in the consolidated financial statements for the year-ended December 31, 2017.

Income tax (benefit) from continuing operations was $(0.1) million and $(0.6) million for the years ended December 31, 2017 and 2016, respectively. The income tax benefit is attributed to a pre-tax loss of $7.2 million and $23.8 million from continuing operations for the years ended December 31, 2017 and December 31, 2016, respectively. The Company’s effective rate decreased to 1.64% for 2017 from 2.38% for 2016. The decrease in the effective tax rate is due primarily to the tax effects related to the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act, a decrease in the valuation allowance, a decrease in deferred tax liabilities related to indefinite lived intangible assetssuppliers specifically, as well as the mixultimate potential negative financial impact to our results of domesticoperations and foreign earnings.liquidity position cannot be reasonably estimated at this time, but have been and could continue to be material. In the context of these uncertain conditions, we are actively managing the business to maintain cash flow and ensure that we have sufficient liquidity for a variety of scenarios. We believe that such strategy will allow us to meet our anticipated funding requirements.

Income (loss) in equity investments —

On April 14, 2020, the Company and its United States subsidiaries received a loan under the Paycheck Protection Program (PPP), which is part of the recently enacted CARES Act administered by the U.S. Small Business Administration. The Company hadreceived total proceeds of $3.7 million from the PPP loan.  We have applied to have this loan forgiven in accordance with applicable provisions of the PPP loan program, and we anticipate that this application will be approved. In accordance with the requirements of the PPP, the Company used proceeds from the PPP loan primarily for payroll costs. The loan is recorded on the balance sheet in current liabilities as deferred income (loss) related to its equity investmentliability and cash provided by operating activities on the statement of $0.4 millioncash flows (See Note 3 for accounting policy on loan). While there is no guarantee that the Company will receive forgiveness for any outstanding amounts under the PPP Loan, it believes that it has acted in compliance with the terms of the program and ($5.8) million foris seeking forgiveness of the years ended December 31, 2017 and 2016, respectively.  Income for the year ended December 31, 2017 was from earnings from our equity investment in ASV Holdings. The loss in 2016 is result of recognizing an impairment charge of $5.6 million to write off our entire investment in Lift Ventures LLC during 2016. See Note 27 to the financial statements for additional information related this impairment.

Net loss from continuing operations —Net loss for the years ended December 31, 2017 and 2016 was $7.1 million and $23.2 million, respectively. The change is explained above.

Liquidity and Capital ResourcesPPP Loan.

Cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash were $22.3$17.4 million and $5.4$23.6 million at December 31, 20182020 and December 31, 2017,2019, respectively. In addition, the Company has a U.S. revolving credit facility with a maturity date of July 20, 2021.2023. At December 31, 20182020 the Company had approximately $24.5$9.1 million available to borrow under its revolving credit facility.

At December 31, 2018,2020, the PM Group had established working capital facilities with five Italian, banks, one Spanish bank and eighteleven South American banks. Under these facilities, the PM Group can borrow $25.2$25.1 million against orders, invoices and letters of credit. These facilities are divided into two types: working capital facilities and cash facilities. At December 31, 2018,2020, the PM Group had received advances of $18.9$13 million. Future advances are dependent on having available collateral.

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Our subsidiary in Argentina (“PM Argentina”) began accounting for their operations as highly inflationary effective July 1, 2018, as required by GAAP.  Under highly inflationary accounting, PM Argentina’s functional currency became the Euro (its parent company’s reporting currency), and its income statement and balance sheet have been measured in Euros using both current and historical rates of exchange.  The effect of changes in exchange rates on peso-denominated monetary assets and liabilities has been reflected in earnings in other (income) and expense, net and was not material.  As of December 31, 2018, PM Argentina had a small net peso monetary position.  Net sales of PM Argentina were less than 5 and 10 percent of our consolidated net sales for the years ended December 31, 2018 and 2017, respectively.

Significant Transactions Affecting Company Liquidity

During 2018,On August 21, 2020, the Company entered into two transactions that had a significant beneficial impactan Asset Purchase Agreement to sell Manitex Sabre, Inc. to an affiliate of Super Steel, LLC for cash proceeds of $1,500, subject to certain adjustments based on closing date accounts receivable and inventory.

In addition to the Company’s liquidity.  During February 2018,proceeds from sale of $1,500 in cash received, the Company sold 1.0may receive a maximum royalty and earnout payments of approximately $2,900 for years 2021 thru 2023 if certain revenue criteria are met. The Company accounts for the contingent consideration as a gain in accordance with ASC 450. Under this approach, we will recognize the contingent consideration in earnings after the contingency is resolved. See Note 21 for additional discussion related to the sale of Sabre’s business and assets.

In September 2019, ASV was acquired by Yanmar American Corporation resulting in the Company receiving $7.05 per share in cash, or $7.6 million, for its remaining 1,080,000 shares of ASV common stock it held for $7.0 million and on May 29, 2018 Tadano Ltd. purchased approximately 2.9 million shares of the Company’s common stock, which generated cash of approximately $32.0 million, net of expenses.   A portion of the proceeds raised in these two transactions were used to support an increase in working capital, the result of increased revenues.  The remaining proceeds are the principal reason cash has increased by $16.9 million and debt has decreased by $22.9 million since year end.  ASV.

Nevertheless, because our availability under our credit lines is limited, it is important that we manage our working capital.  The Company may need to raise additional capital through debt or equity financings to support our long-term growth strategy, which may include additional acquisitions. There is no assurance that such financing will be available or, if available, on acceptable terms.

Outstanding borrowings and required payments

The following is a summary of our outstanding borrowings at December 31, 2018:

(In millions)