Indicate by check mark if the registrant is a well-known seasoned issuer, as defined in Rule 405 of the Securities Act. Yes ☐No☒

Indicate by check mark if the registrant is not required to file reports pursuant to Section 13 or 15(d) of the Act. Yes ☐No☒

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. Yes☒ No ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically every Interactive Data File required to be submitted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit such files). Yes☒ No ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, a smaller reporting company, or an emerging growth company. See the definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer,” “smaller reporting company,” and “emerging growth company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.

If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act. ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has filed a report on and attestation to its management’s assessment of the effectiveness of its internal control over financial reporting under Section 404(b) of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act (15 U.S.C. 7262(b)) by the registered public accounting firm that prepared or issued its audit report. ☐

If securities are registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act, indicate by check mark whether the financial statements of the registrant included in the filing reflect the correction of an error to previously issued financial statements. ☐

Indicate by check mark whether any of those error corrects are restatements that required a recovery analysis of incentive-based compensation received by any of the registrant's executive officers during the relevant recovery period pursuant to §240.10D-1(b). ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act). Yes ☐ No ☒

The aggregate market value of the voting common equity held by non-affiliates of the registrant, based on the closing price of the registrant’s shares of common stock as reported by The Nasdaq Stock Market LLC on June ~~25, 2021~~26, 2022 (the last business day of the registrant’s second fiscal quarter), was approximately ~~$535.4~~$266 million. This calculation does not reflect a determination that certain persons are affiliates of the Registrant for any other purpose.

As of March ~~7, 2022,~~6, 2023, the registrant had ~~40,531,537~~40,748,747 shares of common stock, $0.0001 par value per share, outstanding.

This Annual Report contains “forward-looking statements” (within the meaning of Section 27A of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, and Section 21E of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended) about us and our industry that involve substantial risks and uncertainties. All statements other than statements of historical facts contained in this Annual Report, including statements regarding our future results of operations or financial condition, business strategy and plans and objectives of management for future operations, are forward-looking statements. In some cases, you can identify forward-looking statements because they contain words such as “anticipate,” “believe,” “contemplate,” “continue,” “could,” “estimate,” “expect,” “intend,” “may,” “plan,” “potential,” “predict,” “project,” “should,” “target,” “will” or “would” or the negative of these words or other similar terms or expressions. These forward-looking statements include, but are not limited to, statements concerning the following:

You should not rely on forward-looking statements as predictions of future events. We have based the forward-looking statements contained in this Annual Report primarily on our current expectations and projections about future events and trends that we believe may affect our business, financial condition and operating results. The outcome of the events described in these forward-looking statements is subject to risks, uncertainties and other factors described in the section titled “Risk Factors” in Part I, Item 1A of this Annual Report and elsewhere in this Annual Report. A summary of selected risks associated with our business is set forth at the beginning of Part I, Item 1A of this Annual Report. Moreover, we operate in a very competitive and rapidly changing environment. New risks and uncertainties emerge from time to time, and it is not possible for us to predict all risks and uncertainties that could have an impact on the forward-looking statements contained in this Annual Report. The results, events and circumstances reflected in the

forward-looking statements may not be achieved or occur, and actual results, events or circumstances could differ materially from those described in the forward-looking statements.

In addition, statements that “we believe” and similar statements reflect our beliefs and opinions on the relevant subject. These statements are based on information available to us as of the date of this Annual Report. And while we believe that information provides a reasonable basis for these statements, that information may be limited or incomplete. Our statements should not be read to indicate that we have conducted an exhaustive inquiry into, or review of, all relevant information. These statements are inherently uncertain, and investors are cautioned not to unduly rely on these statements.

The forward-looking statements made in this Annual Report relate only to events as of the date on which the statements are made. We undertake no obligation to update any forward-looking statements made in this Annual Report to reflect events or circumstances after the date of this Annual Report or to reflect new information or the occurrence of unanticipated events, except as required by law. We may not actually achieve the plans, intentions or expectations disclosed in our forward-looking statements, and you should not place undue reliance on our forward-looking statements. Our forward-looking statements do not reflect the potential impact of any future acquisitions, mergers, dispositions, joint ventures or investments.

Vital Farms is an ethically minded food company that is disrupting the U.S. food system. We have developed a framework that challenges the norms of the incumbent food model and allows us to bring high-quality products from our network of family farms to a national audience. This framework has enabled us to become the leading U.S. brand of pasture-raised eggs and the second largest U.S. egg brand by retail dollar sales. Our ethics are exemplified by our focus on animal welfare and sustainable farming practices. We believe our standards produce happy hens with varied diets, which produce better eggs. There is a seismic shift in consumer demand for natural, traceable, clean-label, great-tasting and nutritious foods. Supported by a steadfast adherence to the values on which we were founded, we have designed our brand and products to appeal to this consumer movement.

Our purpose is rooted in a commitment to Conscious Capitalism, which prioritizes the long-term benefits of each of our stakeholders (farmers and suppliers, customers and consumers, communities and the environment, employees, who we refer to as crew members, and stockholders). We make decisions based on what we believe is sustainable for all our stakeholders. Simply put, we will not be a sustainable business if our stakeholders are not sustainable as well. We believe our collective sustainable business practices will enable us to fulfill our purpose of improving the lives of people, animals and the planet through food, now and long into the future. For us, it is not about short-term outcomes or a trade-off between purpose and profit. We are fierce business competitors who believe that prioritizing the long-term viability of all stakeholders will produce stronger outcomes, for everyone, over time. Our approach has been validated by our financial performance and our initial designation and January 2022 recertification as a Certified B Corporation, a certification reserved for businesses that balance profit and purpose to meet the highest verified standards of social and environmental performance, public transparency and legal accountability.

We have scaled our brand through our strong relationships with family farms and deliberate efforts to design and build the infrastructure to bring our products to a national audience. Today, with a network of more than ~~275~~300 family farms, we believe we have set the national standard for pastured-raised eggs. We believe the success of our relationships with family farms and the efficiency of our supply chain provide us with a competitive advantage in the approximately $45 billion U.S. natural food and beverage industry, in which achieving reliable supply at a national scale can be challenging. In 2017, we opened Egg Central Station, a shell egg processing facility in Springfield, Missouri, which is centrally located within our network of family farms. Egg Central Station is capable of packing ~~three~~six million eggs per day and has achieved Safe Quality Food, or SQF, Level 3 certification, the highest level of such certification recognized by the Global Food Safety Initiative, or GFSI. In addition, Egg Central Station is the only egg facility, and, as of January 2020, we were one of only six companies (and ten sites) globally, to have received the Safe Quality Food Institute, or SQFI, Select Site certification, indicating that the site has voluntarily elected to undergo annual unannounced recertification audits by SQFI, the organization responsible for administering a global food safety and quality program known as the SQF Program. The design of Egg Central Station includes investments in support of each of our stakeholders, from our crew members (daylighting, climate control and slip resistant floors in the egg grading room), to the community and environment (consulting with the community before we built the facility, restoring native vegetation on the property, best-in-class stormwater ~~management)~~management and the use of solar panels), to our customers and consumers (food safety and maintenance investments far beyond regulatory requirements). In ~~November 2019,~~April 2022, we ~~began construction on a facility~~completed expansion of Egg Central Station that ~~will~~ nearly ~~double our~~doubled its current square footage. ~~This expansion will enable us to double our capacity to meet growing demand. We expect the expansion to be complete in mid-2022.~~ We believe owning and operating this important element of

our supply chain is a key differentiator and provides us with a competitive advantage, which we intend to continue to leverage to grow both our net revenue and gross margin.

Our loyal and growing consumer base has fueled the expansion of our brand from the natural channel to the mainstream channel and has facilitated our entry into the foodservice channel. As of December ~~2021,~~2022, we offer 3225 retail stock keeping units, or SKUs, through a multi-channel retail distribution network across more than ~~20,900~~22,000 stores and an online shopping ~~platform launched in 2021.~~platform. Our products generate stronger velocities and, we believe, greater profitability per unit for our retail customers in key traffic-generating categories as compared to products offered by our competitors. We believe we have significant room for growth within the retail and, in the medium- to long-term, foodservice channels, and we believe that we can capture this opportunity by growing brand awareness and through new product innovation. We also believe there are incremental growth opportunities in additional distribution channels, including the convenience, drugstore, club, military and international markets, which we may access along with retail growth opportunities to enable us to continue our net revenue growth.

We have built a sustainable company founded on products that increasingly resonate with consumers. Our trusted brand and Conscious Capitalism-focused business model have resulted in significant growth. We have increased net revenue from $1.9 million in fiscal 2010 to ~~$260.9~~$362.1 million in fiscal ~~2021,~~2022, which represents a ~~56.5%~~54.9% compounded annual growth rate, or CAGR. ~~From fiscal 2019 to fiscal 2021, we grew net revenue by 85%, and the number of stores carrying our products increased by 24%.~~ Going forward, we believe the consumer movement away from factory farming practices will continue to fuel demand for our products. We believe these demands extend to the food industry and that consumers are recognizing the benefits of our egg and dairy products. Our management team is committed to ensuring our values remain aligned with those of our consumers while delivering stockholder value.

Evidence of our historical success in continuing to scale our business is shown in the graphics below. ~~All dates refer to the year ended December 31, except for 2018, 2019, 2020, and 2021, which~~Dates refer to the fiscal ~~year~~years ended December 30, 2018, December 29, 2019, December 27, 2020, December 26, 2021, and December ~~26,~~25, 2022, respectively.

Vital Farms was founded in 2007 on a 27-acre plot of land in Austin, Texas. Armed with a small flock of hens, the company maintained a strong belief that a varied diet and better animal welfare practices would lead to superior eggs. Our first sales came from farmers markets and restaurants around Austin and, less than a year later, our eggs were discovered by Whole Foods Market, Inc., or Whole Foods. ~~The opportunity was identified~~From the beginning, we sought to ~~do something more than~~not simply sell eggs to a few ~~stores. The opportunity was~~stores, but to build a sustainable company that aligned with the family farming community and was able to profitably deliver quality products to a devoted consumer base. As our business has continued to grow, our model remains rooted in trust and mutual accountability with our farmers, who are and will remain core to our business.

In 2014, our current president and chief executive officer, Russell Diez-Canseco, joined Vital Farms and led the development of our large and scalable network of family farms. In 2015, recognizing the opportunity to elevate our production process and bolster long-term growth and profitability, we began the design process for Egg Central Station, which opened in 2017 in Springfield, Missouri. We meticulously designed Egg Central Station in service of all of our stakeholders by improving on the best practices we observed across numerous world-class facilities. Today, Egg Central Station is capable of packing ~~three~~six million eggs per day and has achieved an SQF Level 3 certification, the highest level of such certification recognized by GFSI. In addition, Egg Central Station is the only egg facility, and as of January 2020, we were one of only six companies (and ten sites) globally to have received the SQFI Select Site certification.

Demand for our high-quality products has enabled us to expand our brand beyond the natural channel and into the mainstream channel through relationships with Albertsons Companies, Inc., or Albertsons, The Kroger Co., or Kroger, Publix Super Markets, Inc., or Publix, Target Corporation, or Target, Walmart Inc., or Walmart, and numerous other national and regional food retailers. As of December ~~2021,~~2022, our products are sold in more than ~~20,900~~22,000 stores nationwide and through our online shopping platform. Over the

course of our journey, our founder, Matthew O’Hayer, has continued to inform our strategic vision and remains intimately involved with the business as our executive ~~chairman.~~chairperson.

Our purpose is to improve the lives of people, animals and the planet through food. Our mission is to bring ethical food to the table. We carry out our purpose and mission by partnering with family farms that operate within our strictly defined set of ethically minded practices. We are motivated by the influence we have on rural communities through creating impactful, long-term business opportunities for family farmers. Moreover, we are driven to stand up for sustainable production practices that have been largely cast aside under the factory farming system. In our view, the factory farming system has been consistently misguided, focused on producing products at lowest cost rather than driving long-term and sustainable benefits for all stakeholders.

Since inception, our values have been rooted in the principles of Conscious Capitalism. We believe managing our business in the best interest of all of our stakeholders will result in a more successful and sustainable enterprise. A key premise of our business model is our consumer-centric approach, which focuses on identifying consumer needs and developing products that address these needs. While remaining committed to ethical decision-making, we have achieved strong financial performance and earned the Certified B Corporation designation, reflecting our role as a contributor to the global cultural shift toward redefining success in business in order to build a more inclusive and sustainable economy. We believe our consumers connect with Vital Farms because they love our products, relate to our values and trust our practices.

We operate in the large and growing U.S. natural food and beverage industry. Consumer awareness of the negative health, environmental and agricultural impacts of processed food and factory farming standards has resulted in increased consumer demand for ethically produced food. We believe this trend has had a meaningful impact on the growth of the natural food industry, which is increasingly penetrating the broader U.S. food market as mainstream retailers respond to consumer demand. We believe increased demand for natural food and a willingness to pay a premium for brands focused on transparency, sustainability and ethical values will continue to be a catalyst for our growth.

According to SPINS, LLC, or SPINS, data, the U.S. shell egg market accounted for approximately ~~$6.2~~$9.4 billion in retail sales for the 52 weeks ended December ~~26, 2021~~25, 2022 and grew at a CAGR of ~~0.4%~~10.5% between 2018 and December ~~2021.~~2022. Our relatively low household penetration of ~~5.0%~~7.0%, compared to the shell egg category penetration of approximately 98%, provides a significant long-term growth opportunity for our business. According to SPINS data, the U.S. pasture-raised retail egg market accounted for approximately ~~$303.0~~$428.0 million in retail sales for the 52 weeks ended December ~~26, 2021~~25, 2022 and grew at a CAGR of ~~29%~~32% between 2018 and December ~~2021,~~2022, while the specialty egg (including pasture-raised, free-range and cage-free) market accounted for approximately ~~$1.3~~$1.7 billion in retail sales for the 52 weeks ended December ~~26, 2021~~25, 2022 and grew at a CAGR of ~~10%~~15% between 2018 and December ~~2021. Additionally, we estimate that the U.S. processed egg market as of December 2021 accounted for approximately $3.3 billion in retail sales.~~2022. According to SPINS data, the U.S. butter market accounted for approximately ~~$3.5~~$4.2 billion in retail sales for the 52 weeks ended December ~~26, 2021~~25, 2022 and grew at a CAGR of ~~2.5%~~6.9% between 2018 and December ~~2021.~~2022. We believe the strength of our platform, coupled with significant investments in our crew members and infrastructure, position us to continue to deliver industry-leading growth across new and existing categories.

We believe consumers have grown to trust our brand because of our adherence to our values and a high level of transparency. We have positioned our brand to capitalize on growing consumer interest in natural, clean-label, traceable, ethical, great-tasting and nutritious foods. Growing public awareness of major issues connected to animal farming, including human health, climate change and resource conservation, is closely aligned with our ethical mission. We believe consumers are increasingly focused on the source of their food and are willing to pay a premium for brands that deliver transparency, sustainability and integrity. As a company focused on driving the success of our stakeholders, our brand resonates with consumers who seek to align themselves with companies that share their values. Through our Vital Times newsletter and social media presence, we cultivate and support our relationship with consumers by communicating our values, building trust and promoting brand loyalty.

Our historical performance has demonstrated that we are a strategic and valuable partner to retailers. We have ~~innovated and grown into adjacent food categories while reaching~~reached a broad set of consumers through a variety of retail partners, including Albertsons, Kroger, Publix, Target and Walmart. As of December ~~2021,~~2022, we are the number one or two egg brand by retail dollar sales for branded eggs with key customers such as Albertsons, Kroger, Sprouts Farmers Market, or Sprouts, Target and Whole Foods. We believe the success of our brand demonstrates that consumers are demanding premium products that meet a higher ethical standard. We have expanded into the mainstream channel while continuing to command premium prices for our ~~products, which sell for as much as three times the price of commodity eggs.~~products. We believe that our products are more attractive to retail customers because they help generate growth, deliver strong gross profits and drive strong ~~velocities, as represented by the natural channel velocities depicted below.~~velocities.

~~Source: Refrigerated Eggs & Refrigerated Butter - Crown, Natural Channel, 52 Weeks Ended December 26, 2021~~

Our ongoing commitment to the social and economic interests of our stakeholders guides our supply chain decisions. We carefully select and ~~partner~~collaborate with family farms in the Pasture Belt, the U.S. region where ~~our eggs can be produced year-round.~~the weather is conducive to hens being outside as much as possible. We establish supply contracts that we believe are attractive for all parties, demonstrate our commitment to our network of family farms through educational programs that transfer critical best practice knowledge and pay farmers competitive prices for high-quality eggs. ~~During fiscal year 2021, we experienced no voluntary attrition for supply contract renewals.~~ We believe our commitment to farmers facilitates more sustainable farm operations and significantly reduces turnover. Our network of family farms gives us a strategic advantage through a scaled and sustainable supply chain and allows us to go to market with the highest quality premium products.

We have an experienced and passionate executive management team that ~~we refer to as the “C-crew,” which~~ has approximately 100 years of combined industry experience and includes our president and chief executive officer, Russell Diez-Canseco, a seasoned food industry expert with over 1718 years of relevant experience, including at H-E-B, a privately held supermarket chain. Our ~~C-crew~~leadership team works in partnership with Matthew O’Hayer, our founder and executive ~~chairman,~~chairperson, who continues to inform our strategic vision with the entrepreneurial perspective gained through over 40 years of building businesses. We also have a deep bench of talent with strong business and operational experience, and crew members at all levels of our organization who are passionate about addressing the needs of our stakeholders. We have leveraged the experience and passion of our ~~C-crew,~~leadership team, our founder and executive ~~chairman,~~chairperson, and our other crew members to grow net revenue over ~~253%~~390% since the beginning of 2017, enter our second major food category, butter, and build and expand our first shell egg processing facility, Egg Central Station.

We believe our investments in our brand, our stakeholders and our infrastructure position us to continue delivering industry-leading growth that outpaces both the natural food industry and the overall food industry.

Continuing to compete at the top of our current categories will ensure we are continuing to earn trust with our fans across all consumer groups and fuel our continued profitable growth. We believe there is significant opportunity to grow volume with existing retail customers by building consumer awareness and demand for our brand. Our products generate stronger velocities and, we believe, greater profitability per unit for our retail customers in the categories in which we compete. By capturing greater shelf space, driving higher product velocities and increasing our average SKU count per retail partner, we believe there is meaningful runway for further growth with existing retail customers. Beyond our existing retail footprint, we believe there are significant opportunities to gain incremental stores from existing retail customers and to add new retail customers. We also believe there are significant further long-term opportunities in additional distribution channels, including the convenience, drugstore and club channels. Additionally, we believe there is significant demand for our products in the foodservice channel since we offer versatile ingredients with high menu penetrations across all commercial and non-commercial operator segments. We see considerable opportunity for medium- to long-term growth in this channel by increasing our category market share through sales to values-aligned foodservice operators and their distributors.

We are a food company. In order to achieve our goal of becoming the most trusted food brand, we must expand beyond eggs and butter. We believe making strategic bets on larger-scale opportunities will support this expansion. The successes of our core products have confirmed our belief that there is significant demand for ethically produced food products, and our proprietary consumer surveys confirm our belief that there is significant demand for our brand across a wide spectrum of food categories. We expect to continue to extend our product offerings through innovation in both new and existing categories.

We will compete in the marketplace by aspiring to build the most trusted brand. Critical to the success of this mission is our ability to share our story with a broader audience. We intend to increase our household penetration by educating consumers about our brand, our values and the premium quality of our products. Our relatively low household penetration of ~~5.0%~~7.0% for our shell eggs, compared to the shell egg category penetration of approximately 98%, demonstrates that expanding the national presence of our brand offers a significant runway for future growth. We believe we are well positioned to increase household penetration of our products given their alignment with consumer trends and approachability with consumers. We intend to increase the number of consumers who buy our products by using digitally integrated media campaigns, social media tools and other owned media channels, and we believe these efforts will educate consumers on our values and the attractive attributes of our products, generate further demand for our products and ultimately expand our consumer base.

We have always believed that our most important competitive advantage is great people, operating as one, high-performing team in a strong culture, with the right tools to help us reach our potential, both individually and collectively. We have recently combined our strategic and people functions under a single leader to unify our organization in attracting talent that supports our growth initiatives and our culture. This effort is critical not only to our current success but the direction of our company in the future. As we continue our focus on scaling a world-class organization, we believe this tighter link between where we are going, the processes we will put in place to get there, and, most importantly, how we engage, inspire, and develop our crew members will fuel our continued growth.

Motivated by our mission, our success and our customers’ feedback, we continue to innovate and expand our product offering to address growing consumer demand.

The successes of our core products have confirmed our belief that there is significant demand for ethically produced food products. We expect to continue to expand our product offerings through innovation in both existing and new categories. We have a dedicated product development team that leverages comprehensive consumer insights and trend data to provide innovative solutions and ideas that meet new consumer needs and usage occasions. We also have a proven innovation model that utilizes a trusted network of partners to bring products to market without requiring significant upfront investment. We are committed to building on the success of our recent product launches and continuing to introduce consumers to our expanding range of product offerings.

Our multi-faceted, consumer-centric marketing strategy has been instrumental in building our brand and driving net revenue. Our marketing strategy is aimed at solidifying our brand’s ~~positioning~~position as a leading provider of ethically minded food. We execute on this strategy by advertising through digitally integrated media campaigns, social media tools and other owned media channels. Our ~~brand’s~~ standout packaging has been a signature communication vehicle since our inception. We maintain a presence across all major social media platforms.

Our brand has grown rapidly into the #1 U.S. pasture-raised, #1 U.S. natural channel and #2 U.S. overall egg brand by retail dollar sales, with an ~~88%~~over 90% share of the U.S. pasture-raised retail egg market for the 52-week period ended December ~~26, 2021.~~25, 2022. Our brand awareness is represented by a strong social media following, with approximately ~~122,000~~133,000 Instagram followers. Building on prior success, we will continue to invest in the brand through digitally integrated national media campaigns and build customer loyalty through other media formats, including our quirky Vital Times newsletter, now in its ~~eleventh~~twelfth year of print, which is placed in each egg carton. ~~During the past two years, we~~We have circulated ~~approximately~~more than 100 million copies of our Vital Times ~~newsletter.~~newsletter since 2021.

Building upon a landscape of shifting consumer preferences, we are focused on reaching new consumers to educate them about our ethically focused value proposition. We work continuously to understand our consumers and leverage those insights to develop impactful communication plans and messaging. We remain focused on deploying our sophisticated marketing capabilities and world-class sales team to ensure that both customers and consumers understand the Vital Farms story.

We market our products throughout the United States, with the majority of our net revenue coming from our shell egg products. As of December ~~2021,~~2022, we distribute through third parties and direct to retailers to reach more than ~~20,900~~22,000 stores. With significant expansion in recent years, our retail sales are distributed between the natural channel and mainstream channel. Because of our brand equity, loyal consumer base and expanding line of high-quality products, we believe there are attractive growth opportunities across these channels, in addition to a sizable opportunity in the foodservice ~~channel in the medium- to long-term.~~channel. We believe there are also incremental growth opportunities in additional distribution channels, including the convenience, drugstore, club, military and international markets, which we may access along with retail growth opportunities to enable us to continue our net revenue growth.

Natural channel retailers, including Whole Foods and Sprouts, represented approximately ~~51%~~47%, ~~47%~~42% and ~~42%~~39% of our retail dollar sales in fiscal years ~~2019,~~ 2020, 2021 and ~~2021,~~2022, respectively.

Widespread consumer demand for high-quality and traceable foods has driven our expansion into the mainstream channel with national retailers, including Albertsons, Kroger, Publix, Target and Walmart. We began selling eggs in select Kroger divisions in 2014. Since that time, Kroger has grown to become our second largest customer, offering our products in over 2,100 stores. We also continue to expand our relationships with Albertsons, Publix, Target and Walmart. The mainstream channel represented approximately ~~49%~~53%, ~~53%~~58% and ~~58%~~61% of our retail dollar sales in fiscal years ~~2019,~~ 2020, 2021 and ~~2021,~~2022, respectively.

In addition to our primary natural and mainstream channels, we ~~have a presence in foodservice by selling~~sell shell and value-added eggs ~~to hundreds of~~into the foodservice channel, which includes commercial and non-commercial ~~operators across the country.~~foodservice operators. We expect our foodservice business to

continue to grow in the medium- to long-term through ~~expansive new~~our two-pronged sales approach. We anticipate growing our foodservice distribution penetration through our relationships, for example, with Dot Foods, the largest redistribution company in the country, and broad-line distributors, ~~as well as~~including Sysco, US Foods, Performance Food Group, Gordon Food Service and Ben E. Keith. By deepening our distribution penetration, we are becoming more accessible to foodservice operators across the country. We anticipate more growth with values-aligned regional and national restaurant ~~chains.~~ chains that want to raise their menu standards with our ethically produced eggs.

In fiscal years ~~2019,~~ 2020, 2021 and ~~2021,~~2022, the foodservice channel accounted for approximately 2%1%, 1% and 1%3%, respectively, of our net revenue.

Our established foodservice partnerships help to extend our marketing efforts through unique co-branding ~~opportunities.~~opportunities, which amplify our consumer awareness and allow us to reach new households. We ~~plan to~~will continue to capitalize on these ~~opportunities~~co-marketing tactics as we work to ~~introduce~~bring new ~~products through the~~ foodservice ~~channel.~~operators into our customer base.

~~One~~A multi-unit example offrom our successful foodservice ~~programs~~program is ~~HomeState,~~True Food Kitchen, an award-winning restaurant brand and a ~~Texas kitchen~~pioneer of wellness-driven dining with ~~four~~43 locations ~~in Southern California.~~across the country that shares our values for improving the lives of people, animals and the planet. Our collaboration is a recipe for success to serve nourishing food that people know they can trust. At the start of ~~2022, HomeState~~2023, True Food Kitchen committed to exclusively using our ~~liquid whole~~pasture-raised eggs for its menu and calling out our brand in its marketing channels. We expect to continue building a robust relationship with True Food Kitchen. We plan to co-market our consciously crafted seasonal menu items, limited-time promotions and events with True Food Kitchen throughout the year.

We have launched similar relationships with national chains, including Hopdoddy Burger Bar and Original ChopShop. Additionally, we have regional chain collaborations in all four of our U.S. sales territories. Several examples include:

We have strategically designed our supply chain to ensure high production standards and optimal year-round operation. We are motivated by the positive impact we have on rural communities and enjoy a strong relationship and reputation with our network of more than ~~275~~300 family farms. In order to capitalize on this strong supply network, we built a state-of-the-art shell egg processing facility, Egg Central Station in Springfield, Missouri. Following its expansion in April 2022, Egg Central Station is ~~currently~~ approximately ~~82,000~~153,000 square feet and utilizes highly automated equipment to grade and package our shell egg products. The design of our facility includes investments in support of each of our stakeholders, from our crew members, ~~(daylighting, climate control, slip resistant floors in the egg grading room),~~ to the ~~community. This expansion will enable us~~community and the environment, to ~~double~~ our ~~capacity to meet growing demand. We expect the expansion to be complete in mid-2022.~~customers and consumers.

Our eggs are kept in on-farm coolers using precise equipment specified by us. The eggs are then collected on a regular basis by a third-party freight carrier and placed in cold storage until packing for shipment to customers. Each of our butter, ghee, hard-boiled eggs, and liquid whole egg ~~and convenient breakfast~~ products have a dedicated ~~co-manufacturing partner.~~co-manufacturer. To support the growth of our business, we are focused on expanding existing co-manufacturing relationships where appropriate and establishing new relationships.

Our egg packaging consists primarily of corrugated boxes and egg ~~cartons, and we use a limited amount of recycled plastic packaging.~~cartons. Our corrugated boxes are sourced from a supplier in Springfield, Missouri, and our egg cartons are substantially sourced from a single-source supplier from Missouri, Canada and ~~Europe from a sole-source supplier and our recycled plastic packaging is sourced from Mexico from a single-source supplier.~~Europe. Our other products are packaged in jars, bottles, film and cartons that are primarily managed by our co-manufacturing partners. In every case, we strive to find the most sustainable and environmentally considered packaging, shipping materials and inks.

We operate in a highly competitive environment across each of our product categories. We have numerous competitors of varying sizes, including producers of private-label products as well as producers of other branded egg and butter products that compete for trade merchandising support and consumer dollars. We compete with large egg companies such as Cal-Maine, Inc. and large international food companies such as Ornua Co-operative Limited (Kerrygold). We also compete directly with local and regional egg and dairy companies, as well as private-label specialty products processed by other egg and dairy companies. In our market,

competition is based on, among other things, product quality and taste, brand recognition and loyalty, product variety, product packaging and package design, shelf space, reputation, price, advertising, promotion and nutritional claims.

~~Shell~~Across the industry, eggs may be sourced from hens that are caged, cage-free, free-range or pasture-raised. Large egg companies offer commodity eggs sourced from caged hens, and in an attempt to address growing consumer demand for ethically produced and higher quality eggs, they have also grown their cage-free and free-range offerings.

Although we operate in competitive industries, we believe that we have a strong and sustainable competitive advantage based on an ongoing process of values-driven decisions, our fundamental commitment to producing ethically minded food, the trust we have developed in our brand and our ability to provide reliable supply to our distribution partners and customers. We built and operate what we believe is one of the largest sourcing and distribution networks of family farms with strong growth potential. By focusing on the interests of each of our stakeholders, we believe we have created a model that attracts the best family farm partners, produces the highest quality products and creates benefits for all parties. We believe our experience in building this network will provide significant scale and execution advantages as we continue to expand.

We are subject to laws and regulations administered by various federal, state and local government agencies in the United States, such as the U.S. Department of Agriculture, or USDA; the Food and Drug Administration, or FDA; the Federal Trade Commission, or FTC; the Environmental Protection Agency, or EPA; and the Occupational Safety and Health Administration, or

OSHA. These laws and regulations apply to the processing, packaging, distribution, sale, marketing, labeling, quality, safety and transportation of our products, as well as our occupational safety and health practices.

Under various federal statutes and implementing regulations, these agencies, among other things, prescribe the requirements and establish the standards for quality and safety and regulate our products and the manufacturing, labeling, marketing, promotion and advertising thereof. With respect to eggs in particular, the FDA and the USDA split jurisdiction depending on the type of product involved. While the FDA has primary responsibility for the regulation of shell eggs, the USDA has primary responsibility for the regulation of dried, frozen or liquid eggs and other “egg products,” subject to certain exceptions. In addition, with respect to meat products, the USDA has primary jurisdiction for the regulation of products made wholly or in part from cattle, sheep, swine, or goats, such as certain of our egg bite products which contain bacon or ham, subject to certain exceptions.

Among other things, the facilities in which our products are manufactured or processed must register with the FDA and/or the USDA, comply with current good manufacturing practices, or cGMPs, and comply with a range of food safety and labeling requirements established by the Federal Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act, as amended by the Food Safety Modernization Act of 2011, the Egg Products Inspection Act, the Federal Meat Inspection Act, the Organic Foods Production Act and the Agricultural Marketing Act of 1946, among other laws implemented by the FDA, the USDA and other regulators. The FDA and the USDA have the authority to inspect these facilities depending on the type of product involved; For example, Egg Central Station, our facility in Springfield, Missouri, has been subject to periodic inspections by the USDA to evaluate compliance with certain applicable requirements, and the FDA may likewise inspect the facility. The FDA and the USDA also require that certain nutrition and product information appear on our product labels and, more generally, that our labels and labeling be truthful and non-misleading. Similarly, the FTC requires that our marketing and advertising be truthful, non-misleading and not deceptive to consumers. We are also restricted from making certain types of claims about our products, including nutrient content claims, health claims, organic claims and claims regarding the effects of our products on any structure or function of the body, whether express or implied, unless we satisfy certain regulatory requirements. We also participate in the USDA’s voluntary egg grading program, which requires compliance with additional labeling and facility requirements.

In addition, our suppliers are subject to numerous regulatory requirements. For example, the farmers who produce our shell eggs may be subject to requirements implemented by the FDA pertaining to pest control, salmonella enteritidis prevention and other requirements.

We are also subject to state and local food safety regulation, including registration and licensing requirements for our facilities, enforcement of standards for our products and facilities by state and local health agencies, and regulation of our trade practices in connection with selling our products.

We are also subject to labor and employment laws, laws governing advertising, privacy laws, safety regulations and other laws, including consumer protection regulations that regulate retailers or govern the promotion and sale of merchandise. Our operations, and those of our co-manufacturers, distributors and suppliers, are subject to various laws and regulations relating to environmental protection and worker health and safety matters.

In order to be designated as a Certified B Corporation, companies are required to take a comprehensive and objective assessment of their positive impact on society and the environment. The assessment evaluates how a company’s operations and business model impact its workers, customers, suppliers, community and the environment using a 200-point scale. While the assessment varies depending on a company’s size (number of employees), sector and location, representative indicators in the assessment include payment above a living wage, employee benefits, stakeholder engagement, supporting underserved suppliers and environmental benefits from a company’s products or services. After completing the assessment, B Lab will verify the company’s score to determine if it meets the 80-point minimum bar for certification. The review process includes a phone review, a random selection of indicators for verifying documentation and a random selection of company locations for onsite reviews, including employee interviews and facility tours. Once certified, every Certified B Corporation must make its assessment score transparent on B Lab’s website.

Designation and continued certification as a Certified B Corporation ~~and continued certification~~ is at the sole discretion of B Lab. To maintain our certification, we are required to update our assessment and verify our updated score with B Lab every three years. We were initially recertified in February 2018, began our latest reassessment process in 2021 and were most recently recertified in January 2022. Our Certified B Corporation designation remains in good standing.

In connection with our Certified B Corporation status and as a demonstration of our long-term commitment to our mission to bring ethical food to the table, ~~by coordinating a network of family farms to operate with a well-defined set of organic agricultural practices that includes the humane treatment of farm animals as a central tenet,~~ we elected in October 2017 to be treated as a public benefit corporation under Delaware law.

Under Delaware law, a public benefit corporation is required to identify in its certificate of incorporation the public benefit or benefits it will promote, and its directors have a duty to manage the affairs of the corporation in a manner that balances the pecuniary interests of the corporation’s stockholders, the best interests of those materially affected by the corporation’s conduct, and the specific public benefit or benefits identified in the certificate of incorporation. Public benefit corporations organized in Delaware are also required to assess their benefit performance internally and to disclose to stockholders at least biennially a report detailing their success in meeting their benefit objectives.

As provided in our amended and restated certificate of incorporation, the public benefits that we promote, and pursuant to which we manage our company, are: (i) bringing ethically produced food to the table; (ii) bringing joy to our customers through products and services; (iii) allowing crew members to thrive in an empowering, fun environment; (iv) fostering lasting partnerships with our farms and suppliers; (v) forging an enduring profitable business; and (vi) being stewards of our animals, land, air and water, and being supportive of our community.

At Vital Farms, we are dedicated to creating long-term benefits through sustainable practices for our stockholders, crew members, farmers and suppliers, customers and consumers, communities and the environment. We promote sustainable practices and place an emphasis on being conscious environmental stewards. Our commitment to bringing ethical food to the table has enabled us to integrate sustainable practices throughout our business. Our dedication to our stakeholders inspires us to continuously raise our standards and practices.

In ~~2021,~~2022, we ~~conducted an assessment~~continued to develop and advance our environmental, social and governance, or ESG, strategy. ~~We engaged key stakeholders across our organization, including investors, crew members, and customers, to identify~~Based on a comprehensive review we conducted in 2021 of the ESG issues ~~that are~~ most impactful to our business and most important to ~~them.~~ ~~The process helped us to identify key risks~~our stakeholders, we identified in December 2022 our initial set of ESG goals. Such goals include addressing the ecological impact of our business, driving inclusion within our crew, fostering governance accountability and ~~opportunities while maintaining our stakeholder-driven approach.~~mitigating climate-related risks. The identification of these risks and opportunities, ~~will~~together with the development of goals to address them, help to guide our approach to aligning our business and our ESG priorities.

To ensure that ESG is prioritized throughout our business, the Nominating and Corporate Governance Committee of our Board of Directors has been tasked with oversight of our strategy, initiatives, policies, practices and reporting relating to ESG matters. Additionally, we have adopted several policies to uphold our commitment to our values across our business and operations, including a Human Rights Policy, an Environmental Policy, a Diversity, Equity and Inclusion, or DEI, Policy, a Health and Workplace Safety Policy and a Supplier Code of Conduct.

We are committed to building a people-first culture that embodies our values and understands the unique needs of our crew members. We will continue to hold ourselves accountable to the important role we play in helping transition the world around us to a more diverse, equitable and inclusive place. In 2021, we appointed our first Head of DEI and established an internal Diversity Council to oversee our DEI approach and initiatives. In 2022, we continued to build on our DEI priorities through the establishment of crew resource groups and establishment of a tangible, measurable goal to increase crew inclusion. See the section titled “—Culture and Human Capital” below for further information about our commitment to a diverse crew and an inclusive work environment.

We acknowledge the potential threat that climate change may have on our business and are committed to taking action to mitigate our emissions and overall environmental risk. In 2021, we began to track and analyze our greenhouse gas emissions to understand and mitigate our carbon ~~footprint. Additionally, we have engaged a third-party organization to identify and assess~~footprint, as well as water risks relative to our business and operations. In December 2022, we published our initial disclosures under the Task Force on Climate-Related Financial Disclosure framework.

We believe in providing transparent disclosure of our ESG efforts and communicating our progress with ~~stakeholders. To that end,~~stakeholders, and concurrently with this Annual Report, we released our ~~inaugural Sustainability~~annual Impact Report in March ~~2022.~~2023 (previously referred to as our Sustainability Report). To learn more about our ESG efforts and our relevant ~~ESG~~ policies, please visit our investor relations website: investors.vitalfarms.com. Information contained on, or that can be accessed through, our website (including information in our Impact Report) is not incorporated by reference into this Annual Report or any of our other filings with the SEC. We welcome our stakeholders’ feedback on our approach to ESG and can be contacted at investors@vitalfarms.com.

Demand for shell eggs fluctuates in response to seasonal factors. Shell egg demand tends to increase with the start of the school year, is highest prior to holiday periods, particularly Thanksgiving, Christmas and Easter, and is lowest during the summer months. As a result of these seasonal and quarterly fluctuations, comparisons of our sales and operating results between different quarters within a single fiscal year are not necessarily meaningful comparisons.

We own trademarks and other proprietary rights that are important to our business, including our principal trademark, Vital Farms. All of our key trademarks are registered with the U.S. Patent and Trademark Office. Our trademarks are valuable assets that reinforce the distinctiveness of our brand to our consumers. We believe the protection of our trademarks, copyrights and domain names are important to our success. We aggressively protect our intellectual property rights by relying on trademark and copyright.

Our commitment to prioritizing ~~the~~ long-term benefits ofto each of our stakeholders includes our talented and passionate crew members, our employees who are invaluable to our business. Prioritizing Conscious Capitalism, our business decisions consider the impact on all of our stakeholders, ~~which~~including our crew members, and we believe this helps us to create a more sustainable and successful business.

Vital Farms is committed to fostering an environment that values collaboration, trust, and respect. Furthermore, we endeavor to provide our crew members with the resources they need to be successful through culture-enhancing programs and professional development opportunities.

~~At Vital Farms, we~~We believe in cultivating meaningful opportunities, from supporting the economic well-being of the family farmers in our network to fostering a collaborative and inspiring environment for our crew members across the country.

Through a thoughtful and thorough screening process, we bring crew members into the business who we believe are aligned towith our values and culture. In ~~the~~ fiscal ~~year ended December 26, 2021,~~2022, we ~~received 21,651 direct employment applications~~engaged in an extensive restructuring of our orientation and ~~hired 171 new crew members. In fiscal 2021, we surveyed new hires within their first week of employment~~onboarding processes, including in-person visits to ~~gather feedback on their orientation experience,~~our Austin headquarters and ~~96% of those surveyed indicated that they had a positive orientation experience.~~Egg Central Station processing facility, as well as fireside chats with functional leadership and substantive introductions to each business unit. The Vital Farms crew

member journey, including recruiting, onboarding and each step of the career experience, is guided by the philosophy of supporting a people-first culture. We believe in enabling our crew members to grow both professionally and personally. We cultivate leaders across every level of the business and are committed to building a culture that embodies our values and understands the unique needs of our crew members. This commitment is evidenced by our Leadership Academy for all people managers at our Egg Central Station facility and our extensive online learning platform available to in-person and remote crew members, providing training options for both functional and interpersonal skills.

We believe in a culture of transparency and ownership. We communicate regularly with our crew members across departments and position levels, including through weekly team huddles at Egg Central Station and monthly all-company meetings that include executive question-and-answer sessions. These frequent touchpoints are focused on helping crew members feel connected to our mission and empowered to make informed decisions that drive our business forward. At Egg Central Station, we maintain an “idea board” for crew members to share suggestions on how to make the workplace experience more engaging, and we have implemented ~~over 30%~~many of the suggestions shared.

In 2020, we spent time listening to our crew members to understand how they felt about returning to the office and learned that the majority appreciated the flexibility of working from home. As a result, in 2021 we made the decision to support their preference and transitioned to a remote workforce for our crew members outside Egg Central Station. We continue to believe this transition has enabled us to attract top talent across the country and has had a positive impact on crew member retention and engagement. We see examples of this daily, with everything from children popping in to say “hi” during team meetings to crew members appreciating the ability to take care of family needs when necessary. We ~~believe we have an extreme~~strive to foster acceptance of our crew members’ needs and ~~are pleased that we foster~~build a culture where they can bring their full selves to work.

~~Particularly in light of the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic, we~~We have made the safety and well-being of our crew a top priority and have implemented a number of features to ensure our crew members feel safe, engaged and valued. At Egg Central Station, these features ~~include~~have included identification of opportunities to automate more physically challenging processes, offering subsidies to purchase slip-resistant and safety toe shoes and partnering with a local sports medicine practice for regular training of Egg Central Station crew members on ergonomics. Additionally, we have implemented and continue to follow an internal COVID-19 protocol and preventative measures to protect the health and safety of our crew members, customers and communities.

We have defined our company values as (1) Be Humble, (2) Act Like an Owner, (3) Lead with a Growth Mindset, (4) Practice Empathy and (5) Compete to Win. We strive to create a culture that reflects these important pillars of our business.

As of December ~~26, 2021,~~25, 2022, we had approximately ~~288~~368 full-time crew members, including ~~169~~190 in operations, 4252 in sales and marketing, 2125 in finance and 39101 in general and administrative functions, all of whom are located in the United States. Of our full-time crew members, ~~three are~~one is a contract ~~workers.~~worker. As of December ~~26, 2021,~~25, 2022, approximately ~~45%~~47% of our full-time crew members were women and approximately ~~17%~~21% were members of underrepresented minority groups. None of our crew members is represented by a labor union. We have never experienced a labor-related work stoppage, and we consider our relations with our crew members to be good.

We were founded in 2007, originally incorporated in Texas in July 2009 and reincorporated in Delaware in June 2013, and we became a public benefit corporation in Delaware in October 2017. Our principal executive offices are located at 3601 South Congress Avenue, Suite C100, Austin, Texas 78704, and our telephone number is (877) 455-3063. Our website address is www.vitalfarms.com. Information contained on, or that can be accessed through, our website is not incorporated by reference into this Annual Report or any of our other filings with the Securities and Exchange Commission, or SEC. We make available on our website, free of charge, our Annual Report on Form 10-K, our Quarterly Reports on Form 10-Q and our Current Reports on Form 8-K and any amendments to those reports filed or furnished pursuant to Section 13(a) or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, or the Exchange Act, as soon as reasonably practicable after we electronically file such material with, or furnish it to, the SEC. The SEC maintains a website that contains reports, proxy and information statements and other information regarding our filings at www.sec.gov.

Our operations and financial results are subject to various risks and uncertainties. The following is a description of the known factors that may materially affect our business, results of operations or financial condition. You should carefully consider the following risk factors, as well as the other information in this Annual Report. If any of the following risks actually occurs, our business, results of operations and financial condition could be adversely affected. In this case, the trading price of our common stock would likely decline. Additional risks and uncertainties not presently known to us or that we currently deem immaterial also may adversely affect our business, results of operations and financial condition.

Our business faces significant risks and uncertainties. If any of the following risks are realized, our business, financial condition and results of operations could be materially and adversely affected. These risks include, among others, the following:

Our recent, rapid growth may not be indicative of our future growth, and if we continue to grow rapidly, we may not be able to effectively manage our growth or evaluate our future prospects. If we fail to effectively manage our future growth or evaluate our future prospects, our business could be adversely affected.

We have grown rapidly since inception and anticipate further growth. For example, our net revenue increased from ~~$140.7 million in fiscal 2019 to~~ $214.3 million in fiscal 2020 to $260.9 million in fiscal ~~2021.~~2021 to $362.1 million in fiscal 2022. This growth has placed significant demands on our management, financial, operational, technological and other resources. The ~~anticipated~~continued growth and expansion of our business depends on a number of factors, including our ability to:

~~Such~~The growth and expansion of our business has placed, and will continue to place, significant demands on our management and operations teams and require significant additional resources, financial and otherwise, to meet our needs, which may not be available in a cost-effective manner, or at all. We expect to continue to expend substantial resources ~~on:~~on our current and future processing facilities, our sales and marketing efforts, product innovation and development, and general administration associated with being a public company.

These investments may not result in the continued growth of our business. Even if these investments do result in the growth of our business, if we do not effectively manage our growth, we may not be able to execute on our business plan, respond to competitive pressures, take advantage of market opportunities, satisfy customer requirements or maintain high-quality product offerings, any of which could adversely affect our business, financial condition and results of operations.

We have incurred net losses in the past and we may not be able to maintain or increase our profitability in the future.

For fiscal ~~2019,~~2020, fiscal ~~2020~~2021 and fiscal ~~2021,~~2022, we generated net income of ~~$3.3 million,~~ $9.0 million, $2.4 million and ~~$2.4~~$1.2 million, respectively. However, we have experienced net losses in prior years, including a net loss of $2.1 million in fiscal 2017. Our ability to maintain or increase our profitability is subject to various factors, many of which are beyond our control. As we expand our operations, we anticipate that our operating expenses and capital expenditures will increase substantially in the foreseeable future as we continue to invest to increase our household penetration, customer base, supplier network, marketing channels and product portfolio, expand and enhance our processing, manufacturing and distribution facilities as needed, and hire additional crew members. Our ongoing expansion efforts may prove more expensive than we anticipate (including as a result of inflation, increases in ~~equipment prices~~input costs or ~~transportation costs, which may be due to actual or threatened~~ disruptions in our supply chain relating to public health pandemics, such as COVID-19, trade wars, geopolitical tensions, such as the Russia-Ukraine war, or other factors), and we may not succeed in increasing our net revenue and margins sufficiently to offset the anticipated higher expenses. We have incurred significant expenses in connection with investing in our ~~egg~~ processing ~~facility,~~capacity, our co-manufacturing and co-packing relationships, and obtaining and storing raw materials, and we will continue to incur significant expenses in developing and marketing products. In addition, many of our expenses, including the costs associated with our

existing and any future processing and manufacturing facilities, are fixed. We also expect to continue to incur significant ~~additional~~ legal, accounting and other expenses as ~~a public company that~~ we ~~did not incur~~grow and mature as a ~~private~~public company. If we fail ~~to continue~~ to grow our revenue at a greater rate than our costs and expenses, we may be unable to maintain or increase our profitability and may incur losses in the future.

We have only recently expanded our product offerings beyond shell eggs and butter, which makes it difficult to forecast our future results of operations.

We have only recently expanded our product offerings beyond shell eggs and butter. As a result of our limited experience managing multiple product lines, our ability to accurately forecast our future results of operations is limited and subject to a number of uncertainties, including our ability to plan for and model future growth. Our historical revenue growth should not be considered indicative of our future performance. Further, in future periods, our revenue growth could slow or our revenue could decline for a number of reasons, including slowing demand for our products, increasing competition, a decrease in the growth of our overall market, or our failure ~~for any reason,~~ to ~~continue to~~successfully take advantage of growth opportunities. If our assumptions regarding these risks and uncertainties and our future revenue growth are incorrect or change, or if we do not address these risks successfully, our operating and financial results could differ materially from our expectations, and our business could suffer.

Sales of shell eggs ~~contribute~~constitute the vast majority of our net revenue, and a reduction in these sales would have an adverse effect on our financial condition.

Shell eggs accounted for approximately ~~90% of our net revenue in fiscal 2019, 90%~~92% of our net revenue in fiscal 2020, ~~and 89%~~92% of our net revenue in fiscal ~~2021.~~2021 and 94% of our net revenue in fiscal 2022. Shell eggs are our flagship product and have been the focal point of our sales and marketing efforts, and we believe that sales of shell eggs will continue to constitute a significant portion of our net revenue, net income and cash flow for the foreseeable future. We cannot be certain that we will be able to continue to expand sales, processing and distribution of shell eggs, or that consumer and customer demand for our other existing and future products will expand to allow such products to represent a larger percentage of our revenue than they do currently. Accordingly, any factor adversely affecting sales of our shell eggs (including consumers’ election to purchase lower-priced private-label or other economy brands during times of economic uncertainty) could have an adverse effect on our business, financial condition and results of operations.

Failure to introduce successful new products, successfully enter into new product categories or to successfully pursue growth by other means may adversely affect our ability to continue to grow.

One element of our growth strategy depends on our ability to develop and market new products that meet our standards for quality and appeal to consumer preferences. The success of our innovation and product development efforts is affected by our ability to anticipate changes in consumer preferences, the technical capability of our innovation staff in developing and testing product prototypes, our ability to comply with applicable governmental regulations, and the success of our management and sales and marketing teams in introducing and marketing new ~~products.~~products, including through entry into new product categories. There can be no assurance that we will successfully develop and market new products ~~that appeal to consumers. For example, in January 2022, we decided to discontinue our convenient breakfast offerings due primarily to financial performance, supply chain complexities and~~or successfully enter into product ~~shelf life limitations. Any failure to successfully develop, market and launch future products may lead to a decrease in our growth, sales and profitability.~~

~~Additionally, the~~categories. The development and introduction of new products requires substantial marketing expenditures, which we may be unable to recoup if the new products do not gain widespread market acceptance. If we are unsuccessful in meeting our objectives with respect to new or improved products, our business could be harmed. For example, in 2022, we decided to discontinue our convenient breakfast and ghee offerings to focus on product categories that are core to our operations. Any failure to successfully develop, market and launch future products or enter into new product categories may lead to decreased growth, sales and profitability.

Further risks are presented if we elect to pursue continued growth or enter new product categories by means other than new product introductions, including by acquisitions or investments in business or technologies that we believe could offer growth opportunities. The pursuit of such ~~growth~~ opportunities may divert the attention of management. Furthermore, it may cause us to incur various costs and expenses in identifying, investigating and pursuing such transactions, regardless of whether such opportunities are realized. Such acquisitions, transactions or investments may also result in potentially dilutive equity issuances, the incurrence of debt or contingent liabilities or challenges with integration, any of which could adversely affect our business, financial condition and results of operations.

We estimate market opportunity and forecast market growth that may prove to be inaccurate, and even if the market in which we compete achieves the forecasted growth, our business could fail to grow at similar rates, if at all.

Our estimates of market opportunity and growth forecasts included in this Annual Report are subject to significant uncertainty and are based on assumptions and estimates that may not prove to be accurate, particularly in light of ~~the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic and the related~~ economic ~~impact.~~uncertainties. The variables that go into the calculation of our market opportunity are subject to change over time, and there is no guarantee that any particular number or percentage of customers covered by our market opportunity estimates will purchase our products at all or generate any particular level of revenue for us. Any expansion in our market depends on

a number of factors, including the cost and perceived value associated with our products and those of our competitors. Even if the market in which we compete meets the size estimates and growth forecast, our business could fail to grow at the rate we anticipate, if at all. Our growth is subject to many factors, including our success in implementing our business strategy, which is subject to many risks and uncertainties. Accordingly, ~~the~~our forecasts of market growth ~~included herein~~ should not be taken as indicative of our future growth.

We may require additional financing to achieve our goals, and the failure to obtain this necessary capital when needed on acceptable terms, or at all, may force us to delay, limit, reduce or terminate our product manufacturing and development, and other operations.

We have funded our operations since inception primarily through equity financings and sales of our products. We have incurred and expect to continue to incur significant expenses related to the expansion of our ~~egg packing~~processing capacity, including ~~through~~in connection with our construction and expansion of Egg Central ~~Station.~~Station and the potential development of an additional egg packing center. We believe that we will continue to expend substantial resources for the foreseeable future as we consider additional markets we may choose to ~~pursue. These expenditures are expected to include working capital, costs associated with research~~pursue and ~~development, manufacturing and supply, as well as marketing and selling existing and new products. In addition,~~ other ~~unanticipated costs may arise.~~growth opportunities.

We expect that our existing cash will be sufficient to fund our planned operating expenses, capital expenditure requirements and debt service payments through at least the next 12 months. However, our operating plan may change because of factors currently unknown to us, and we may need to seek additional funds sooner than planned, through public or private equity or debt financings or other sources, such as strategic collaborations. We may also seek financing in connection with potential new product introductions or acquisitions or investments in businesses or technologies that we believe could offer growth opportunities. Weakness and volatility in the capital markets and the economy in general could limit our access to the capital markets and increase our cost of borrowing. Such financings may result in dilution to stockholders, imposition of debt covenants and repayment obligations, or other restrictions that may adversely affect our business. In addition, we may seek additional capital due to favorable market conditions or strategic considerations even if we believe we have sufficient funds for our current or future operating plans.

We are dependent on the market for shell eggs, and fluctuations in this market could adversely affect our business, financial condition and results of operations.

We contract with family farms to purchase all of their egg production for the duration of our contracts. We are contractually obligated to purchase these eggs irrespective of our ability to sell such eggs. Periodically in our industry, ~~including recently,~~ there has been an oversupply of eggs, which has caused egg prices to contract, sometimes substantially so, and as a result we have sold or donated our excess supply at reduced prices or no cost. If we are unable to sell such eggs upon commercially reasonable terms, or at all, our gross margins, business, financial condition and operating results may be adversely affected. Conversely, in fiscal 2022, there were at times supply shortages in the egg industry, with supply impacted by, among other things, avian influenza, increased demand for eggs and increases in feed and other input costs. Such supply shortages, together with price increases we or others in the industry have implemented and may choose to implement in the future, could result in declining consumer demand for shell eggs or inability to fulfill customer demand, each of which could have a material impact on our financial condition and results and operations.

We ~~also~~ sell shell eggs to consumers at a premium price point, and when prices for commodity shell eggs fall relative to the price of our shell eggs (including due to any price increases we may implement), price-sensitive consumers may choose to purchase commodity shell eggs offered by our competitors at a greater velocity than, or instead of, our eggs. As a result, low commodity shell egg prices relative to the price of our shell eggs may adversely affect our business, financial condition and results of operations.

We also sell a small percentage of our shell eggs to wholesalers and egg breaking plants at commodity shell egg prices, which fluctuate widely and are outside our control. Small increases in production, or small decreases in demand, can have a large adverse effect on the prices at which these eggs are sold.

Fluctuations in commodity prices and in the availability of feed grains could negatively impact our results of operations and financial condition.

The price we pay to purchase shell eggs from farmers fluctuates based on pallet weight and is also indexed quarterly in arrears for changes in feed cost, which may cause our agreed-upon pricing under these contracts to fluctuate on a quarterly basis. Therefore, our results of operations and financial condition, including our gross margin and profitability, fluctuate based on the cost and supply of commodities, including corn, soybean meal and other feed ingredients.

Although feed ingredients are available from a number of sources, we have little, if any, control over the prices of these ingredients, which are affected by weather, speculators, export restrictions, various supply and demand factors, geopolitical tensions, inflation, transportation and storage costs, and agricultural and energy policies in the United States and internationally. We saw increasing prices for conventional and organic corn and soybean crops on a global basis in ~~2021.~~2021 and 2022, including increased prices resulting from the Russia-Ukraine war and measures taken in response thereto, inflation and supply chain shortages. In December 2022, we implemented a commodity hedging program for conventional and organic feed ingredients. If we are unable to successfully conduct this program to hedge against the impact of continued commodity price fluctuations, our financial condition and results of operations may be impacted.

We may not be able to increase our product prices enough or in a timely manner to sufficiently offset increased commodity costs due to consumer price sensitivity or the pricing postures of our competitors and, in many cases, our retailers may not accept a price increase or may require price increases to occur after a specified period of time elapses. ~~In addition, if we increase prices to~~

~~offset higher commodity costs, we could experience lower demand for our products, decreased ability to attract new customers and lower sales volumes.~~ Over time, if we are unable to price our products to cover increased costs, unable to offset operating cost increases with continuous improvement savings or unsuccessful in our current or any ~~commodity-hedging~~future commodity hedging program, then commodity price volatility or increases could adversely affect our business, financial condition and results of operations.

If we fail to effectively expand our processing, manufacturing and production capacity as we continue to grow and scale our business, our business and operating results and our brand reputation could be harmed.

While our current supply, processing and manufacturing capabilities are sufficient to meet our present business needs, we may need to expand these capabilities in the future as we continue to grow and scale our business. For example, in fiscal 2022 we ~~are in the process~~completed an expansion of ~~expanding~~ Egg Central Station, our shell egg processing facility in Springfield, Missouri, to increase our capacity for the distribution of shell eggs. Additionally, we announced that we have begun the design and the site selection process for our next egg packing center. However, there is risk in our ability to effectively scale production and processing and effectively manage our supply chain requirements. We must accurately forecast demand for our products in order to ensure we have adequate processing and manufacturing capacity to effectively allocate product supply across our stock keeping units, or SKUs.

Our forecasts are based on multiple assumptions ~~which~~that, if inaccurate, may ~~be inaccurate and~~ affect our ability to ~~obtain our own~~maintain adequate processing and manufacturing capacities (or co-processing and co-manufacturing capacities) in order to meet the demand for our products, which could prevent us from meeting increased customer demand.

~~Our brand and our business could be harmed if we are unable to fulfill orders in a timely manner or at all.~~ If we fail to meet demand for our products and, as a result, consumers who have previously purchased our products buy other brands or our retailers allocate shelf space to other brands, our business, financial condition and results of operations could be adversely affected.

On the other hand, if we overestimate our demand ~~(in general or on a particular SKU)~~ or overbuild our capacity, ~~relative to distribution,~~ we may have significantly underutilized supply or other assets and may experience reduced margins. If we do not accurately align our processing and manufacturing capabilities with demand, our business, financial condition and results of operations could be adversely affected.

A substantial amount of our shell eggs are processed at our Egg Central Station ~~in Springfield, Missouri.~~processing facility. Any damage or disruption at this facility may harm our business.

A substantial amount of our shell egg processing occurs at our Egg Central Station ~~our~~ shell egg processing ~~facility in Springfield, Missouri.~~facility. Any shutdown or period of reduced production at Egg Central Station, which may be caused by regulatory noncompliance or other issues, as well as other factors beyond our control, such as natural disaster, weather, fire, power interruption, work stoppage, disease outbreaks or pandemics (such as COVID-19), equipment failure or delay in raw materials delivery, would significantly disrupt our ability to deliver our products in a timely manner, meet our contractual obligations and operate our business. Further, the processing equipment used for our shell eggs is costly to replace or repair, particularly because certain of our processing equipment is sourced internationally. In fiscal 2022, we saw pricing and capacity constraints related to internationally sourced equipment, and our equipment supply chains may be further disrupted in connection with public health pandemics, ~~such as COVID-19,~~geopolitical tensions and wars, including the Russia-Ukraine war, inflation, trade wars or other factors. If any material amount of our machinery were damaged, we could be unable to predict when, if at all, we could replace or repair such machinery or find co-manufacturers with suitable alternative machinery, which could adversely affect our business, financial condition and operating results. ~~We have~~The property and business disruption insurance ~~in place~~we maintain for Egg Central ~~Station; however, such insurance coverage~~Station may not be sufficient to cover all of our potential losses and may not continue to be available to us on acceptable terms, or at all.

~~We are currently expanding Egg Central Station, and~~If we ~~may not successfully complete the construction of or commence operations in this expansion, we may not be successful in adequately staffing the expanded facility~~fail to ~~meet production needs or the expanded facility may not operate in accordance~~effectively maintain relationships with our ~~expectations.~~existing farm network or further expand our farm network, our business, operating results and brand reputation could be harmed.

~~In January 2019, we commenced design~~We source our eggs and cream for our products from our network of an expansion of Egg Central Station, our shell egg processing facility, in order to address our rapid growth and increase our shell egg processing capacity. Constructing and commencing operations at this expanded facility has required, and will continue to require, significant capital expenditures andfamily farms, which is the ~~efforts and attention~~foundation of our management and other personnel, which has and will continue to divert resources from our existing business or operations. In addition, we will need to hire and retain more crew members to operate the expanded facility. In Springfield, Missouri, where Egg Central Station is located, there is a tight labor market.supply chain. If we are unable to ~~hire~~maintain and ~~train additional crew members due~~expand this supply chain because of actions taken by farmers or other events outside of our control, we may be unable to ~~the current labor market (or as~~timely supply distributors and customers with our products, which could lead to cancellation of purchase orders, damage to our commercial relationships and impairment of our brand. For example, we require our egg farmers to build and equip their farms to certain specifications, which requires a ~~result~~significant upfront capital investment, and any inability of ~~other labor disruptions,~~farmers to obtain adequate financing on acceptable terms, including due to ~~the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic), our~~interest rate increases, would impair their ability to ~~fully realize~~contract with us. These and other factors, including economic uncertainty, may make it more difficult for us to recruit and attract new farmers to our network in a number sufficient to meet product demand.

There are a number of factors that could impair our relationship with farmers, many of which are outside of our control. While we strive to operate our business in a manner that drives long-term and sustainable benefits for our stakeholders, including our farmers, we may make strategic decisions that the farmers disagree with and which could cause the farmers to terminate their relationships with us. Reputational harm resulting from impairment of our relationship with existing farmers may also make it more difficult to attract new farmers to expand our network. If our relationship with our existing or future farmers is disrupted due to these or other factors, we may not be able to sustain the supply necessary to meet customer and consumer demand for our products, each of which would negatively impact our operating results. Any failure to maintain or expand our farm network would adversely affect our business, financial condition and results of operations.

Future expansions of our processing capacity may not provide us with the benefits we expect to receive.

In April 2022, we completed a significant expansion of our Egg Central Station processing facility and we announced that we have begun the ~~expanded facility may be materially limited. Even~~design and site selection process for our next egg packing center. If the design and site selection process does not proceed as anticipated, if the ~~expanded facility~~potential new egg packing center is not brought up to full processing capacity itor if we are unable to hire, train and retain crew members to support an additional egg packing center, we may not ~~provide us with all~~be able to fully realize the potential benefits of such additional egg packing center and our business, financial condition and operating results could be adversely affected.

If we fail to effectively price our products or implement price increases, our financial condition may be adversely affected.

The prices of our products are driven by a number of factors, including supply constraints, customer and consumer demand, inflation, input costs and market conditions. In response to such conditions, we increased prices on certain of our products in January 2022, May 2022 and January 2023. While we have not yet seen significant decreases in sales volume due to such price increases, if we further increase prices, we could experience lower margins, declining demand for our products, decreased ability to attract new customers and lower sales volumes. If price increases result in a greater spread between the ~~operational~~price of our products and the price of conventional or private-label products, consumers may be less willing to pay a premium for our products, particularly in times of economic uncertainty. Additionally, our retail customers may not accept such price increases or may require increased promotional activity. If we cannot effectively price our products or carry out price increases, our business, financial ~~benefits we expect to receive.~~condition and operating results could be adversely affected.

Increased transportation and freight costs or failure by our transportation providers to pick up raw materials or deliver our products on time, in compliance with applicable governmental regulations or at all, ~~could~~have adversely impact and are expected to continue to adversely impact our operating results.

We ~~currently~~ rely upon third-party transportation providers for a significant portion of our raw material transportation and product shipments. Our utilization of pickup and delivery services for shipments is subject to risks, including increases in fuel prices, ~~chronic~~ driver shortages, trucking capacity limitations due to general increases in freight demand, employee and contractor strikes or unavailability (including due to ~~the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic)~~disease outbreaks and pandemics, such as COVID-19) or inclement weather, any of which could increase our transportation and freight costs. For example, due in part to increased labor costs arising from the COVID-19 pandemic and rising fuel costs due to international tensions and wars, we saw during fiscal 2022 increased transportation and freight costs, ~~during 2021,~~ and we expect that these elevated costs could remain in effect for the foreseeable future. Further increases in transportation and freight costs could have an adverse effect on our ability to increase or to maintain production on a profitable basis and could therefore adversely affect our operating results. We may not be able to increase our product prices enough or in a timely manner to sufficiently offset increased transportation costs due to consumer price sensitivity or the pricing postures of our competitors and, in many cases, our retailers may not accept a price increase or may require price increases to occur after a specified period of time elapses. In addition, if we increase prices to offset higher transportation and freight costs, we could experience lower demand for our products, decreased ability to attract new customers and lower sales volumes.

Furthermore, noncompliance by our third-party transportation providers with applicable regulatory requirements may impact the ability of providers to provide delivery services that adequately meet our shipping needs. Due to increased costs or noncompliance by our transportation providers with applicable regulatory requirements, we may change shipping companies, and we could face logistical difficulties with any such change that could adversely affect deliveries. In addition, we could incur costs and expend resources in connection with such change. Moreover, we may not be able to obtain terms as favorable as those we receive from the third-party transportation providers that we currently use, which in turn would increase our costs and thereby adversely affect our operating results.

~~If we fail to effectively maintain or expand our network of family farms, our business, operating results and brand reputation could be harmed.~~24

We source our eggs and cream for our products from our network of family farms, which is the foundation of our supply chain. If we are unable to maintain and expand this supply chain because of actions taken by farmers or other events outside of our control, we may be unable to timely supply distributors and customers with our products, which could lead to cancellation of purchase orders, damage to our commercial relationships and impairment of our brand. For example, we require these farmers to build and equip their farms to certain specifications, which requires a significant upfront capital investment, and any inability of farmers to obtain adequate financing on acceptable terms would impair their ability to partner with us. If our relationship with these farmers is disrupted, we may not be able to fully recover our investments in birds and feed, which would negatively impact our operating results. There are a number of factors that could impair our relationship with farmers, many of which are outside of our control. For example, while we strive to operate our business in a manner that drives long-term and sustainable benefits for our stakeholders, including farmers, we may make strategic decisions that the farmers do not believe align with their interests or values, which could cause the farmers to terminate their relationships with us. Any failure to maintain or expand our network of family farms would adversely affect our business, financial condition and results of operations.

Our future business, results of operations and financial condition may be adversely affected by reduced or limited availability of eggs, cream and other raw materials that meet our standards.

Our ability to ensure a continuing supply of eggs, cream and other raw materials for our products at competitive prices depends on many factors beyond our control. In particular, we rely on the farms that supply us with eggs and cream to implement controls and procedures to manage the risk of exposing animals to harmful diseases, but outbreaks may occur despite their efforts. An outbreak of disease could result in increased government restriction on the sale and distribution of our products, and negative publicity could impact customer and consumer perception of our products, even if an outbreak does not directly impact the animals from which we source our products. Our farm network ~~of family farms~~ for our shell eggs is in a geographic region we refer to as the Pasture Belt, which is a term we use that refers to the U.S. region where ~~our eggs can be produced year-round.~~the weather is conducive to hens being outside as much as possible. Our cream supply is located in Ohio and New York. The occurrence of a natural disaster in any of these regions could have a significant negative impact on us, the farmers and our supply chain. Additionally, the animals from which our products are sourced, the crops on which we rely for feed and the pastures on which these animals are raised, are vulnerable to adverse weather conditions and natural disasters, such as floods, droughts, frosts, earthquakes, hurricanes and pestilence. Disease, adverse weather conditions and natural disasters can adversely impact pasture quantity and quality, leading to reduced yields and quality, which in turn could reduce the available supply of, or increase the price of, our raw materials. If we raised prices for our products to account for this increase, we could experience decreased demand for our products and lower sales volumes, thereby adversely affecting our business, financial condition and results of operations.

We also compete with other food companies in the procurement of eggs and cream, and this competition may increase in the future if consumer demand increases for these items or products containing them or if competitors increasingly offer products in these market sectors. If supplies of eggs and cream that meet our quality standards are reduced or are in greater demand, we may not be able to obtain sufficient supply to meet our needs on favorable terms, or at all. For example, as a result of the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic, there have been recent disruptions in the U.S. cream supply, including increased freight costs for both collection and transport of cream ingredients to processing facilities. The cooperatives that we work with are under enormous financial pressures and

the segregation of supply is an ongoing risk. We worked with our co-manufacturers to mitigate these supply disruptions during 2021, but we expect that these supply disruptions will continue for the foreseeable future and that they may be further exacerbated by the ongoing effects of COVID-19, which could impact our freight costs and our ability to fill customer orders in the future.

Our supply may also be affected by the number and size of farms that raise chickens and cows that meet our standards, changes in U.S. and global economic conditions and our ability to forecast our raw materials requirements. For example, in order to meet our standards, we require our ~~poultry~~egg farms to invest in infrastructure at the outset of our relationship. The typical upfront investment for each of the farms is significant and many of the farmers seek financing assistance from local and regional banks as well as federal government loans from the U.S. Department of Agriculture, or USDA, Farm Service Agency. Changes in U.S. and global economic conditions, interest rate increases or any U.S. government shutdown ~~(including in connection with COVID-19)~~ could significantly ~~decrease~~affect the loans available to farmers. Many of these farmers have alternative income opportunities and the relative financial performance of raising chickens and cows in accordance with our standards as compared to other potentially more profitable opportunities could affect their interest in working with us. Any of these factors could impact our ability to supply our products to distributors and customers and may adversely affect our business, financial condition and results of operations.

We operate in a highly competitive environment across each of our product categories. We have numerous competitors of varying sizes, including producers of private-label products, as well as producers of other branded egg and butter products that compete for trade merchandising support and consumer dollars. Numerous brands and products compete for limited retailer shelf space, including in the refrigerated section, foodservice, and customers and consumers. In our market, competition is based on, among other things, product quality and taste, brand recognition and loyalty, product variety, product packaging and package design, shelf space, reputation, price, advertising, promotion and nutritional claims.

We compete with large egg companies such as Cal-Maine, Inc. and large international food companies such as Ornua Co-operative Limited (Kerrygold). We also compete directly with local and regional egg and dairy companies, as well as private-label specialty products processed by other egg and dairy companies. Each of these competitors may have substantially greater financial and other resources than us and some of ~~whose~~our competitors' products are well accepted in the marketplace today. They may also have lower operational costs, and as a result may be able to offer comparable or substitute products to customers at lower costs. This could put pressure on us to lower our prices, resulting in lower profitability or, in the alternative, cause us to lose market share if we fail to lower prices. Conversely, if we were to raise prices, including as a result of fluctuations in the shell egg market, increased commodity or raw material costs, increased packaging or transportation costs or otherwise, any resulting decline in consumer demand for our products may be exacerbated by the competitiveness of our market.

Generally, the food industry is dominated by multinational corporations with substantially greater resources and operations than we have. We cannot be certain that we will successfully compete with larger competitors that have greater financial, sales and technical resources. Conventional food companies may acquire our competitors or launch their own egg and butter products, and they may be able to use their resources and scale to respond to competitive pressures and changes in consumer preferences by introducing new products, reducing prices or increasing promotional activities, among other things. Retailers also market competitive products under their own private labels, which are generally sold at lower prices, and may change the merchandising of our products so they have less favorable placement. ~~Competitive~~Larger competitors may also be less affected by economic disruption and uncertainty, including with respect to inflation, global economic conditions or agricultural diseases such as avian influenza, than we are. These competitive pressures ~~or other factors~~ could cause us to lose market share, which may require us to lower prices, increase marketing and advertising expenditures or increase the use of discounting or promotional campaigns, each of which would adversely affect our margins and could result in a decrease in our operating results and profitability.

Failure to leverage our brand value propositions to compete against private-label products, especially during an economic downturn, may adversely affect our profitability.

In many product categories, we compete not only with ~~substantially~~other well-advertised nationally branded products, but also with private-label products. Such private-label products generally are sold at lower prices. Consumers are more likely to purchase our products if they believe that our products provide a higher quality and greater ~~operations~~value than less expensive alternatives. If the difference in perceived value between our brands and ~~resources than~~private-label products narrows, or if there is a perception of such a narrowing, consumers may choose not to buy our products at prices that are profitable for us. We believe that in periods of economic uncertainty, particularly in periods of uncertainty driven by high inflation, consumers may purchase more often from lower-priced private-label or other economy brands. To the extent this occurs, we ~~have may~~could experience a decrease in the sales volume of our higher margin products or a shift in our product mix to lower margin offerings. In addition, our foodservice product sales will be ~~less affected by~~reduced if consumers reduce the ~~ongoing COVID-19 pandemic than we are. In connection with the pandemic, we have restricted employee travel, cancelled certain events with consumers,~~amount of food that they consume away-from-home at our foodservice customers, or partners, imposed operational safeguards at Egg Central Station and limited access to our headquarters. Although we are monitoring the situation, we cannot predict for how long, or the ultimate extent to which, the pandemic may disrupt our operationsincluding as a result of ~~these measures~~public health pandemics or ~~if we are required to implement~~economic uncertainty driven by inflation or other changes, such as closure of our egg processing facility. Any significant disruption resulting from this or similar events on a large scale or over a prolonged period of time could cause significant delays and disruption to our business until we would be able to resume normal business operations or shift to other third-party vendors, negatively affecting our revenue and other financial results. A prolonged disruption of our business could also damage our reputation.factors.

In addition, our ability to compete successfully in our market depends, in large part, on our ability to implement our growth strategy of expanding supply and distribution, improving placement of our products, attracting new consumers to our brand and introducing new products and product extensions. Our ability to implement this growth strategy depends, among other things, on our ability to:

~~Our sales and operating results will be adversely affected if we do not successfully implement our growth strategy or if we invest resources in a growth strategy that ultimately proves unsuccessful.~~

We currently have a limited number of co-manufacturers. Loss of one or more of our co-manufacturers or our failure to timely identify and establish relationships with new co-manufacturers could harm our business and impede our growth.

A significant amount of our revenue is derived from products manufactured at facilities owned and operated by our co-manufacturers. We currently rely on two co-manufacturers for hard-boiled eggs, ~~one co-manufacturer~~two co-manufacturers for stick butter, one co-manufacturer for ~~ghee,~~spreadable tub butter and one co-manufacturer for liquid ~~eggs, one co-manufacturer for egg bites and one co-manufacturer for breakfast bars.~~eggs. While we currently have written manufacturing contracts with our ~~co-manufacturers~~co-manufacturer for ~~butter,~~ spreadable tub butter ~~egg bites, breakfast bars~~ and one of our co-manufacturers for hard-boiled eggs, we do not currently have written manufacturing contracts with our other co-manufacturers. Due to the absence of written contracts with certain of our co-manufacturers, these co-manufacturers can generally seek to alter or terminate their relationships with us at any time, leaving us with periods during which we have limited or no ability to manufacture certain of our products.

In addition, due to the limited number of co-manufacturers, an interruption in, or the loss of operations at, one or more of our co-manufacturing facilities, which may be caused by work stoppages, regulatory issues or noncompliance, disease outbreaks or pandemics (such as COVID-19), ~~acts of~~ war, terrorism, fire, earthquakes, flooding or other weather or natural disasters, could delay, postpone or reduce production of some of our products, which could have an adverse effect on our business, financial condition and results of operations until such time as the interruption is resolved or an alternate source of production is secured, especially in times of low inventory.

We believe there are a limited number of competent, high-quality co-manufacturers in our industry that meet our geographical requirements and our strict quality and control standards, and should we seek to obtain additional or alternative co-manufacturing arrangements in the future, there can be no assurance that we would be able to do so on satisfactory terms, in a timely manner, or at all. Therefore, the loss of one or more co-manufacturers, any disruption or delay at a co-manufacturer or any failure to identify and engage co-manufacturers for new products and product extensions could delay, postpone or reduce production of our products, which could have an adverse effect on our business, financial condition and results of operations.

Outbreaks of agricultural diseases, including avian influenza, the perception that outbreaks may occur or regulatory or market responses to outbreaks could reduce supply or demand for our products and harm our business.

Our business activities are subject to a variety of agricultural risks, including pests and diseases such as avian influenza, the occurrence of which can materially and adversely affect the quality and quantity of products, including shell eggs, that we distribute. Since the outbreak of highly pathogenic avian influenza, or HPAI, in early 2022, we have been closely following the progression of the virus. To date, we have experienced outbreaks at two of our farms, one located in Missouri and one in Tennessee. While we have not experienced material disruptions to our egg supply due to such outbreaks, if a substantial portion of our farms or production facilities were affected by an outbreak of HPAI, or a disease like it, this could have a material and adverse effect on our business, financial condition and results of operations.

Even if our farms and production facilities were not directly impacted by avian disease, we may nevertheless be negatively affected by resulting governmental restrictions on our operations and the sale and distribution of our products, as well as negative publicity and impacted consumer perceptions for our industry. Such impacts could result in decreased consumer demand for our products and impact our operating results. Additionally, certain states in which our family farms are located recommended or required at certain points during fiscal 2022 that farms keep hens indoors to help limit exposure to avian influenza. Prolonged requirements to keep our hens indoors could adversely impact consumer perception of our egg products in comparison to those of our competitors, which could have a negative effect on our business, financial condition and operating results.

We could be adversely affected by a change in consumer preferences, perception and spending habits in the natural food industry generally and on animal-based products in particular, and failure to develop or enrich our product offerings or gain market acceptance of our new products could have a negative effect on our business.

We have positioned our brand to capitalize on growing consumer interest in natural, clean-label, traceable, ethically produced, great-tasting and nutritious foods. The market in which we operate is subject to changes in consumer preference, perception and spending habits. Our performance depends significantly on factors that may affect the level and pattern of consumer spending in the U.S. natural food industry market in which we operate. Such factors include consumer preference, consumer confidence, consumer income, consumer perception of the safety and quality of our products and shifts in the perceived value for our products relative to alternatives. Media coverage regarding the safety or quality of, or diet or health issues relating to, our products or the raw materials, ingredients or processes involved in their manufacturing may damage consumer confidence in our products. A general decline in the consumption of our products could occur at any time as a result of change in consumer preference, perception, confidence and spending habits, including an unwillingness to pay a premium or an inability to purchase our products due to financial hardship or increased price sensitivity, which may be exacerbated by ~~the effects of the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic~~economic uncertainty and general inflationary trends. For example, we and many of our customers face pressure from animal rights groups to require all companies that supply food products to operate their business in a manner that treats animals in conformity with certain standards developed or approved by these animal rights groups. If consumer preferences shift away from animal-based products for these reasons, because of a preference for plant-based products or otherwise, our business, financial condition and results of operations could be adversely affected.

The success of our products depends on a number of factors, including our ability to accurately anticipate changes in market demand and consumer preferences, our ability to differentiate the quality of our products from those of our competitors, and the effectiveness of our marketing and advertising campaigns for our products. We may not be successful in identifying trends in consumer preferences and developing products that respond to such trends in a timely manner. We also may not be able to effectively promote our products by our marketing and advertising campaigns and gain market acceptance. If our products fail to gain market acceptance, are restricted by regulatory requirements or have quality problems, we may not be able to fully recover costs and expenses incurred in our operation, and our business, financial condition or results of operations could be materially and adversely affected.

A limited number of distributors represent a substantial portion of our sales, and the loss of one or more distributor relationships that cannot be replaced in a timely manner may adversely affect our results of operations.

Our products are distributed through a broker-distributor-retailer network whereby brokers represent our products to distributors and retailers who in turn sell our products to consumers. We serve the majority of natural channel customers through food distributors,

such as United Natural Foods, Inc., or UNFI, and KeHE Distributors, LLC, or KeHE, ~~and US Foods, Inc., or US Foods,~~ which purchase, store, sell and deliver our products to retailers, including Whole Foods and Sprouts.

In fiscal years ~~2019,~~ 2020, 2021 and ~~2021,~~2022, UNFI (which was Whole ~~Foods’~~Foods' primary distributor other than from April 2020 to August 2021) accounted for approximately ~~35%~~15%, ~~15%~~18% and ~~18% of our net revenue, respectively, KeHE accounted for approximately 11%, 12% and 10%~~26% of our net revenue, respectively, and ~~US Foods (which was Whole Foods’ primary distributor from April 2020 to August 2021)~~KeHE accounted for approximately 12%, 10% and less than 10%~~, 18%, and 14%~~ of our net revenue, respectively. Since these distributors act as intermediaries between us and the retail grocers or foodservice providers, who generally select the distributors, we do not have short-term or long-term commitments or minimum purchase volumes in our contracts with distributors that ensure future sales of our products. These distributors are able to decide on the products carried, and they may limit the products available for retailers, such as Whole Foods and Sprouts, to purchase. We expect that most of our sales will be made through a core number of distributors for the foreseeable future. The loss of one or more of our significant distributor relationships that cannot be replaced in a timely manner (or at all), under similar terms and conditions, could adversely affect our business, financial condition and results of operations.

We are dependent on hatcheries and pullet farms to supply our farmer network ~~of family farms~~ with laying hens. Any disruption in that supply chain could materially and adversely affect our business, financial condition or results of operations.

Under the terms of our contracts with our network of family farms, while we do not own laying hens, we are generally responsible for coordinating the acquisition and delivery of laying hens to the farmers. In order to meet these obligations, we place orders for chicks directly with hatcheries intended to supply a future year’s production of eggs at least a year in advance. Once the chicks are hatched, they are delivered to a network of pullet farms, who rear the chicks to approximately 16 to 18 weeks of age, at which time they begin laying eggs. The hens are then delivered directly from the pullet farms to our network of family farms, which then place the hens into egg production.

We ~~currently~~ work primarily with ~~a sole source supplier~~three pullet hatcheries that ~~contracts~~contract with a network of independent pullet farms. We do not have a long-term supply contract with ~~this supplier,~~these suppliers, and if the ~~supplier~~suppliers were to cease doing business with us for any reason, we may have a difficult time finding and contracting with alternate pullet farms in sufficient scale to meet our needs, if at all. Additionally, any disruption in these supply services for any reason, including agricultural disease such as avian influenza, natural disaster, fire, power interruption, work stoppage or other calamity, could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition and results of operations if we cannot replace these providers in a timely manner on acceptable terms or at all.

Our business and operating results could be harmed by factors such as the availability, terms of and increases in interest rates. These changes could cause our cost of doing business to increase and limit our ability to pursue growth opportunities. Disruptions and volatility in the global financial markets may lead to a contraction in credit availability impacting our ability to finance our operations. A significant reduction in cash flows from operations or reduction in the availability of credit could materially and adversely affect our ability to achieve planned growth and operating results.

Higher interest rates may also adversely impact the ability of our family farmers to access capital. We require our egg farmers to build and equip their farms to certain specifications, which requires a significant upfront capital investment, and any inability of farmers to obtain adequate financing on acceptable terms, including as a result of interest rate increases, would impair their ability to partner with us. If our relationship with these egg farmers is disrupted, we may not be able to fully recover our investments in birds and feed, which would negatively impact our operating results.

Consolidation of retail customers or the loss of a significant retail customer could negatively impact our sales and profitability.

Our retail customers include natural channel and mainstream channel stores, which have been undergoing a consolidation in recent years. This consolidation has produced larger, more sophisticated organizations with increased negotiating and buying power that are able to resist price increases, as well as operate with lower inventories, decrease the number of brands that they carry and increase their emphasis on private-label products, all of which could negatively impact our business. ~~During fiscal years 2019, 2020 and 2021, our largest direct retail customer, Kroger, accounted for approximately 14%, 13% and 12% of our net revenue, respectively.~~

With certain of our retail customers, like Whole Foods, ~~and Sprouts,~~ we sell our products through distributors. We are not able to precisely attribute our net revenue to a specific retailer for products sold through distributors. We rely on third-party data to calculate the portion of retail sales attributable to retailers, but this data is inherently imprecise because it is based on gross sales generated by our products sold at retailers, without accounting for price concessions, promotional activities or chargebacks, and because it measures retail sales for only the portion of our retailers serviced through distributors. Based on this third-party data and internal analysis, Whole Foods accounted for approximately ~~30%~~28%, ~~28%~~29% and ~~29%~~23% of our retail sales in fiscal years ~~2019,~~ 2020, 2021 and ~~2021, respectively, and Sprouts~~2022, respectively. Kroger accounted for approximately 8%13%, 7%12% and 7%12% of our retail sales in fiscal years ~~2019,~~ 2020, 2021 and ~~2021,~~2022, respectively. The loss of ~~Kroger,~~ Whole Foods, ~~Sprouts~~Kroger or any other large retail customer, or the reduction of purchasing levels or the cancellation of any business from ~~Kroger,~~ Whole Foods, ~~Sprouts~~Kroger or any other large retail customer, for an extended length of time could negatively impact our sales and profitability.

A retailer may take actions that affect us for reasons that we cannot always anticipate or control, such as their financial condition, changes in their business strategy or operations, the introduction of competing products or the perceived quality of our products. Despite operating in different channel segments, our retailers sometimes compete for the same consumers. Because of actual or perceived conflicts resulting from this competition, retailers may take actions that negatively affect us. Consequently, our financial results may fluctuate significantly from period to period based on the actions of one or more significant retailers.

We source substantially all of our shell egg cartons from a sole source supplier, and any disruptions may impact our ability to sell our eggs.

We obtain substantially all of the packaging for our shell eggs from a sole-source supplier. Any disruption in the supply of our shell egg cartons, including as a result of interruptions to global shipping, could delay our production and hinder our ability to meet our commitments to customers. If we are unable to obtain a sufficient quantity of our packaging on commercially reasonable terms or in a timely manner, or if we are unable to obtain alternative sources, sales of our products could be delayed or we may be required to redesign our products. For example, in connection with increased demand for shell eggs in relation to the COVID-19 pandemic in 2020, the supplier of substantially all of our shell egg cartons began to prioritize packaging for core egg products (such as 12-count packages), and we separately experienced certain quality issues with our 18-count egg cartons. As a result of these events, and in order to otherwise meet demand for our products, we began using recycled plastic packaging for certain of our shell egg products. While this change in packaging did not materially impact our operations, there is no guarantee that we will not experience similar packaging issues in the future, or that any such packaging issues will not impact our ability to meet product demand for our shell eggs. Any of these events could result in lost sales, price increases, reduced gross margins or damage to our customer relationships, which would have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition and results of operations.

Because we rely on a limited number of third-party cold storage vendors to ~~manufacture and~~ store our products, we may not be able to maintain ~~manufacturing and storage~~or obtain the capacity ~~at the times and with the capacities~~ necessary to ~~produce and~~ store our ~~products or meet the demand for our~~ products.

We rely on a limited number of ~~co-manufacturers and~~ cold storage providers. We currently rely on two co-manufacturers for hard-boiled eggs, one co-manufacturer for butter, one co-manufacturer for ghee, one co-manufacturer for liquid eggs, one co-manufacturer for egg bites and one co-manufacturer for breakfast bars.providers to store our products. Our financial performance depends in large part on our ability to obtain adequate ~~co-manufacturing and~~ cold storage facilities services in a timely manner. We are not assured of continued ~~co-manufacturing and~~ cold storage capacities. Certain of ~~our co-manufacturers or~~ our cold storage providers could discontinue or seek to alter their relationship with us. In addition, we are not assured of sufficient capacities of these providers commensurate with increased product demand.

Any disruption in the supply of our final products from these providers would have an adverse effect on our business if we cannot replace these providers in a timely manner or at all. For example, in December 2019, our co-manufacturer for hard-boiled eggs conducted a voluntary Class I recall of all hard-boiled eggs produced at its facility, including ours, due to a potential listeria contamination at the production facility. In connection with the recall, our co-manufacturer elected to permanently close the affected production facility and move all production to a different facility, which did not have sufficient capacity to meet product demand. As a result, we were unable to supply customers with hard-boiled eggs for a period of time in the first quarter of fiscal 2020. This disruption led to the loss of certain customer accounts for this product, the revenues from which were immaterial in the aggregate.28

Our brand and reputation may be diminished due to real or perceived quality or food safety issues with our products, which could have an adverse effect on our business, reputation, operating results and financial condition.

We believe our consumers rely on us to provide them with high-quality products. Therefore, real or perceived quality or food safety concerns or failures to comply with applicable food regulations and requirements, whether or not ultimately based on fact and whether or not involving us (such as incidents involving our competitors), could cause negative publicity and reduced confidence in our company, brand or products, which could in turn harm our reputation and sales, and could adversely affect our business, financial condition and operating results.

Our products may be subject to contamination by foreign materials or disease-producing organisms or pathogens, such as salmonella and E. coli. These organisms and pathogens are found generally in the environment and there is a risk that one or more could be present in our products, either as a result of food processing or as an inherent risk based on the nature of our products. These organisms and pathogens also can be introduced to our products as a result of improper handling at the further-processing, foodservice or consumer level. These risks may be controlled, but may not be eliminated, by adherence to good manufacturing practices and finished product testing. Shipment of contaminated products, even if inadvertent, could result in a violation of law and lead to increased risk of exposure to product liability claims, product recalls and increased scrutiny by federal and state regulatory agencies, penalties and adverse publicity. In addition, products purchased from other producers, including co-manufacturers, could contain contaminants that we might inadvertently redistribute.

If our products become contaminated, or if there is a potential health risk associated with our products, we or our co-manufacturers might decide or need to recall a product. Any product recall could result in a loss of consumer confidence in our products and adversely affect our reputation with existing and potential customers. For example, in December 2019, our co-manufacturer for hard-boiled eggs conducted a voluntary Class I recall of all hard-boiled eggs produced at its facility, including ours, due to potential listeria contamination at the production facility. In connection with the recall, our co-manufacturer elected to permanently close the affected production facility and move all production to a different facility. As a result, we were unable to supply

customers with hard-boiled eggs for a period of time in the first quarter of fiscal 2020, which led to the loss of certain customer accounts for this product, the revenues from which were immaterial in the aggregate.

We also have no control over our products once purchased by consumers. For example, consumers may store our products under conditions and for periods of time inconsistent with USDA, U.S. Food and Drug Administration, or FDA, and other governmental guidelines, which may adversely affect the quality and safety of our products.

If consumers do not perceive our products to be of high quality or safe, then the value of our brand would be diminished, and our business, results of operations and financial condition would be adversely affected. Any loss of confidence on the part of consumers in the quality and safety of our products would be difficult and costly to overcome. Any such adverse effect could be exacerbated by our market positioning as a socially conscious purveyor of high-quality products and may significantly reduce our brand value. Issues regarding the safety of any of our products, regardless of the cause, may have an adverse effect on our brand, reputation and operating results. Further, the growing use of social and digital media by us, our consumers and third parties increases the speed and extent that information or misinformation and opinions can be shared. Negative publicity about us, our brands or our products on social or digital media could seriously damage our brands and reputation. If we do not maintain the favorable perception of our brands, our business, financial condition and results of operations could be adversely affected.

~~Failure to leverage our brand value propositions to compete against private-label products, especially during an economic downturn, may adversely affect our profitability.~~

In many product categories, we compete not only with other widely advertised branded products, but also with private-label products that generally are sold at lower prices. Consumers are more likely to purchase our products if they believe that our products provide a higher quality and greater value than less expensive alternatives. If the difference in perceived value between our brands and private-label products narrows, or if there is a perception of such a narrowing, consumers may choose not to buy our products at prices that are profitable for us. We believe that in periods of economic uncertainty, particularly in periods of uncertainty driven by high inflation, consumers may purchase more lower-priced private-label or other economy brands. To the extent this occurs, we could experience a reduction in the sales volume of our higher margin products or a shift in our product mix to lower margin offerings. In addition, our foodservice product sales will be reduced if consumers reduce the amount of food that they consume away from home at our foodservice customers, whether as a result of restaurant closures or government-ordered quarantines, travel restrictions or other directives in connection with the COVID-19 pandemic or in other times of economic uncertainty.

We must expend resources to maintain consumer awareness of our brand, build brand loyalty and generate interest in our products. Our marketing strategies and channels will evolve and our programs may or may not be successful.

In order to remain competitive and expand and keep shelf placement for our products, we have increased and may ~~need~~continue to increase our marketing and advertising spending to maintain and increase consumer awareness, protect and grow our existing market share or promote new products, which could impact our operating results. ~~Substantial~~Further advertising and promotional expenditures may be required to maintain or improve our brand’s market position or to introduce new products to the market, and participants in our industry are increasingly engaging with non-traditional media, including consumer outreach through social media and web-based channels, which may not prove successful.

~~An increase~~Increases in our marketing and advertising efforts may not maintain our current reputation or lead to increased brand awareness. Further, social media platforms frequently change the algorithms that determine the ranking and display of results of a user’s search and may make other changes to the way results are displayed, or may increase the costs of such advertising, which can negatively affect the placement of our links and, therefore, reduce the number of visits to our website and social media channels or make such marketing cost prohibitive. In addition, social media platforms typically require compliance with their policies and procedures, which may be subject to change or new interpretation with limited ability to negotiate, which could negatively impact our marketing capabilities. If we are unable to maintain and promote a favorable perception of our brand and products on a cost-effective basis, our business, financial condition and results of operations could be adversely affected.

We have developed a strong and trusted brand that has contributed significantly to the success of our business, and we believe our continued success depends on our ability to maintain and grow the value of the Vital Farms brand. Maintaining, promoting and positioning our brand and reputation will depend on, among other factors, the success of our product offerings, food safety, quality assurance, marketing and merchandising efforts, our continued focus on animal welfare, the environment and sustainability and our ability to provide a consistent, high-quality consumer and customer experience. Any negative publicity, regardless of its accuracy, could have an adverse effect on our business. Brand value is based on perceptions of subjective qualities, and any incident that erodes the loyalty of our consumers, customers, farmers, suppliers or co-manufacturers, including changes to our products or packaging, adverse publicity or a governmental investigation, litigation or regulatory enforcement action, could significantly reduce the value of our brand and significantly damage our business.

If we fail to cost-effectively acquire new consumers or retain our existing consumers, our business could be adversely affected.

Our success, and our ability to increase revenue and operate profitably, depends in part on our ability to cost-effectively acquire new consumers, retain existing consumers and keep existing consumers engaged so that they continue to purchase our products. While we intend to continue to invest significantly in sales and marketing to educate consumers about our brand, our values and our products, there is no assurance that these efforts will generate further demand for our products or expand our consumer base. Our ability to attract new consumers and retain our existing consumers will depend on the perceived value and quality of our products, consumers’ desire to purchase ethically produced products at a premium, offerings of our competitors, our ability to offer new and relevant products and the effectiveness of our marketing efforts, among other items. For example, because our shell eggs are sold to consumers at a premium price point, when prices for commodity shell eggs fall relative to the price of our shell eggs, we may be unable to entice price-sensitive consumers to try our products. We may also lose loyal consumers to our competitors if we are unable to meet consumer demand in a timely manner. If we are unable to cost-effectively acquire new consumers, retain existing consumers and keep existing consumers engaged, our business, financial condition and operating results would be adversely affected.

Our sales and profits are dependent upon our ability to expand existing customer relationships and acquire new customers.

Our business depends on our ability to increase our household penetration, to expand the number of products sold through existing retail customers, to grow within the foodservice channel and to strengthen our product offerings through innovation in both new and existing categories. Any strategies we employ to pursue this growth are subject to numerous factors outside of our control. For example, retailers continue to aggressively market their private-label products, which could reduce demand for our products. The expansion of our business also depends on our ability over the long term to obtain customers in additional distribution channels, such as convenience, drugstore, club, military and international markets. Any growth in distribution channels may also affect our existing customer relationships and present additional challenges, including related to pricing strategies. Additionally, we may need to increase or reallocate spending on marketing and promotional activities, such as rebates, temporary price reductions, off-invoice discounts, retailer advertisements, product coupons and other trade activities, and these expenditures are subject to risks, including related to consumer acceptance of our efforts. Our failure to obtain new customers, or expand our business with existing customers, could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition, results of operations and cash flows.

Demand for shell eggs is subject to seasonal fluctuations and can adversely impact our results of operations in certain quarters.

Demand for shell eggs fluctuates in response to seasonal factors. Shell egg demand tends to increase with the start of the school year and is highest prior to holiday periods, particularly Thanksgiving, Christmas and Easter, and ~~the~~ lowest during the summer months. As a result of these seasonal and quarterly fluctuations, comparisons of our sales and operating results between different quarters within a single fiscal year are not necessarily meaningful comparisons. If we are not correct in predicting our future shell egg demand, we may experience a supply and demand shell egg imbalance. This imbalance between supply and demand can adversely impact our results of operations at certain times of the year.

Packaging costs are volatile, have recently increased and may continue to rise significantly, which may negatively impact our profitability, and any reduced availability of packaging supplies may otherwise impact our business.

We and our co-manufacturers purchase and use significant quantities of cardboard, glass, corrugated fiberboard, kraft paper, flexible plastic, flexible film and paperboard to package our products. Costs of packaging are volatile and can fluctuate due to conditions that are difficult to predict, including global competition for resources, weather conditions, consumer demand and changes in governmental ~~trade.~~trade, and we saw higher packaging costs in the fiscal year ended December 25, 2022. Volatility in the prices of supplies we and our co-manufacturers purchase could increase our cost of sales and reduce our profitability. Moreover, although we have not seen significant decreases in volume due to previous price increases, we may not be able to implement further price increases for our products to cover any increased costs, and any price increases we do implement may result in lower consumer demand, decreased ability to attract new customers and lower sales volumes.

Additionally, if the availability of certain packaging supplies is limited due to factors beyond our control (including as a result of the ~~COVID-19 pandemic)~~public health pandemics or disruptions to global supply chains), or if packaging supplies do not meet our standards, we may make changes to our product packaging, which could negatively impact the perception of our brand. For example, in connection with increased demand for shell eggs in relation to the COVID-19 pandemic in 2020, the supplier of substantially all of our shell egg cartons began to prioritize packaging for core egg products (such as 12-count packages), and we separately experienced certain quality issues with our 18-count egg cartons. As a result of these events, and in order to otherwise meet demand for our products, we began using recycled plastic packaging for certain of our shell egg products. If we are not successful in managing our packaging costs or the supply of packaging that meets our standards to use for our products, if we are unable to increase our prices to cover increased costs or if such price increases reduce our sales volumes, any of these factors could adversely affect our business, financial condition, and results of operations.

Our net revenue and earnings may fluctuate as a result of price actions, promotional activities and chargebacks.

Retailers may require price concessions that would negatively impact our margins and our profitability. Alternatively, we may increase our prices to offset commodity inflation and potentially impact our margins and volume.

In addition, we periodically offer sales incentives through various programs to customers and consumers, including rebates, temporary price reductions, off-invoice discounts, retailer advertisements, product coupons and other trade activities.

Additionally, while we continue to work to optimize supply chain logistics, we are occasionally charged fees and/or fines by retailers for various delivery and order discrepancies. While we challenge and vet these charges, we may be subject to such charges that could be detrimental to our performance, particularly when combined with the effects of increased freight costs or the other risks outlined in this section. The cost associated with promotions and chargebacks is estimated and recorded as a reduction in net revenue. We anticipate that these price concessions, promotional activities and chargebacks could adversely impact our net revenue and that changes in such activities could adversely impact period-over-period results. If we are not correct in predicting the performance of promotions, or if we are not correct in estimating chargebacks, our business, financial condition and results of operations would be adversely affected.

If we fail to retain and motivate members of our management team or other key crew members, or fail to attract, train, develop and retain additional qualified crew members to support our operations, our business and future growth prospects would be harmed.

Our success and future growth depend largely upon the continued services of our executive officers as well as our other key crew members. These executives and key crew members have been primarily responsible for determining the strategic direction of our business and for executing our growth strategy and are integral to our brand, culture and the reputation we enjoy with farmers, suppliers, co-manufacturers, distributors, customers and consumers. From time to time, there may be changes in our executive management team or other key crew members resulting from the hiring or departure of these personnel. The loss of one or more of our executive officers, or the failure by our executive team to effectively work with our crew members and lead our company, could harm our business.

In addition, our success depends in part upon our ability to attract, train, develop and retain a sufficient number of crew members who understand and appreciate our culture and can represent our brand effectively and establish credibility with our business partners and consumers. If we are unable to win in a competitive market for top talent capable of meeting our business needs and expectations, our business and brand image may be impaired. For example, in Springfield, Missouri, where Egg Central Station is located, there is a tight labor market. As a result of this tight labor market, we may be unable to attract and retain crew members with the skills we require, particularly given the need for additional crew members due to our expansion of Egg Central Station. Any failure to meet our staffing needs or any material increase in turnover rates of our crew members may adversely affect our business, financial condition and results of operations.

If we cannot maintain our company culture or focus on our purpose as we grow, our success and our business and competitive position may be harmed.

We believe our culture and our purpose have been key contributors to our success to date and that the critical nature of the platform that we provide promotes a sense of greater purpose and fulfillment in our crew members. Any failure to preserve our culture or focus on our purpose could negatively affect our ability to retain and recruit personnel, which is critical to our growth, and to effectively focus on and pursue our corporate objectives. As we grow and develop the infrastructure of a public company, we may find it difficult to maintain these important values. We may also have difficulty preserving our company culture as a large portion of our existing and newly hired workforce ~~will be~~is working remotely on a permanent basis. If we fail to maintain our company culture or focus on our purpose, our business and competitive position may be harmed.

Our operations are geographically consolidated. A major tornado or other natural disaster within the region in which we operate could seriously disrupt our entire business.

Egg Central Station, our shell egg processing facility, is located in Springfield, Missouri. This facility and our network of family farms supporting our ~~poultry~~shell egg business are concentrated in the Midwestern portion of the Pasture Belt. The cream for our butter is sourced from two separate and distinct geographical areas, one area in the Midwest and one area in the Northeast. This supply encompasses a total of approximately 5770 farms. Butter is manufactured in close proximity to the Midwest farm supply. The impact of natural disasters such as tornadoes, drought or flood within these areas is difficult to predict, particularly given the potential of climate change to increase the frequency and intensity of such natural disasters, but a natural disaster could seriously disrupt our entire business. Our insurance may not adequately cover our losses and expenses in the event of a natural disaster. As a result, natural disasters within these areas could lead to substantial losses.

Outbreaks of agricultural diseases, including avian influenza, the perception that outbreaks may occur or regulatory or market responses to outbreaks could reduce demand for our products and harm our business.

Our business activities are subject to a variety of agricultural risks, including pests and diseases such as avian influenza, which can materially and adversely affect the quality and quantity of products, including shell eggs, that we distribute. While we are

confident in the controls and procedures we maintain to reduce the risk to our farms and production facilities of disease, if a substantial portion of our farms or production facilities were affected by an outbreak of disease such as avian influenza, this could have a material and adverse effect on our business, financial condition and results of operations. Even if our farms and production facilities were not directly impacted by avian disease, we may nevertheless be negatively affected by resulting governmental restrictions on the sale and distribution of our products, as well as negative publicity and impacted consumer perceptions for our industry.

Our inability to maintain our GFSI and SQF Select Site certifications may negatively affect our reputation.

The Safe Quality Food Institute administers the SQF Program, which is a third-party auditing program that examines and certifies food producers with respect to certain aspects of the producer’s business, including food safety, quality control and social, environmental and occupational health and safety management systems. The SQF Select Site certification is one of a number of available SQF certifications and involves both auditing for food safety issues and unannounced inspections by SQF personnel on an annual basis.

The Global Food Safety Initiative, or GFSI, is a private organization established and managed by an international trade association, The Consumer Goods Forum. GFSI operates a benchmarking scheme whereby certification bodies, such as the SQF Program, are “recognized” as meeting certain criteria maintained by GFSI. GFSI itself does not certify or accredit entities in the food industry.

SQF Select Site certification and the GFSI recognition of the SQF Program do not themselves have any independent legal significance and do not necessarily signal regulatory compliance. As a practice matter, however, certain retailers, including some of our largest customers, require SQF certification or certification by another GFSI-recognized program as a condition for doing business. Loss of SQF Select Site certification could impair our ability to do business with these customers, which could materially and adversely affect our business, financial condition and operating results.

~~The COVID-19 pandemic could have a material adverse impact on~~Disruptions in the worldwide economy may adversely affect our business, results of operations and financial condition.

~~In connection with~~Adverse and uncertain economic conditions, including uncertainty related to inflation, market volatility, outbreaks of contagious disease such as the COVID-19 pandemic, ~~governments~~or geopolitical tensions and wars, including the Russia-Ukraine war, may impact distributor, retailer, foodservice and consumer demand for our products. In addition, our ability to manage normal commercial relationships with our farmers, suppliers, co-manufacturers, distributors, retailers, foodservice consumers and creditors may suffer. Consumers may shift purchases to lower-priced or other perceived value offerings during economic downturns. In particular, consumers may reduce the amount of our egg products that they purchase where there are more affordable products, including caged, cage-free and free-range egg and egg product offerings, which generally have ~~implemented significant measures,~~lower retail prices than our eggs. In addition, our products are sold to consumers at a premium price point, and in an economic downturn, consumers may choose to purchase private-label or commodity products rather than our products because they are generally less expensive.

An economic downturn may cause customers to be less receptive to price increases on our products. Adverse economic conditions may also affect our farmers. In fiscal 2022, inflationary factors resulted in increased costs for our farmers to build, equip and operate their farms. If our relationship with our existing farmers, or our ability to attract new farmers, is disrupted due to economic conditions or otherwise, our operating results may be adversely affected. Further, our foodservice product sales will be reduced if consumers reduce the amount of food they consume away from home at our foodservice customers, including ~~closures, quarantines, travel restrictions~~as a result of inflationary concerns or other economic uncertainty. Distributors and customers may become more conservative in response to these conditions and seek to reduce their inventories. Our results of operations depend upon, among other things, our ability to maintain and increase sales volume with our existing distributors, retailer and foodservice customers, our ability to attract new consumers, the financial condition of our consumers and our ability to provide products that appeal to consumers at the right price. Prolonged unfavorable economic conditions may have an adverse effect on our sales and profitability.

Disruptions in international trade, including disruptions due to the COVID-19 pandemic and Russia-Ukraine war, may have a material adverse impact on us, our suppliers and our network of farms, including our ability to expand our operations as planned.

The COVID-19 pandemic and the Russia-Ukraine war have disrupted international trade, resulting in increased shipping costs and delays in the import and export of goods to and from the United States and other ~~social distancing directives, intended to control~~countries. Specifically, the ~~spread~~increased demand for international shipping has resulted in shortages of ~~the virus. Companies have also taken precautions, such as requiring employees to work remotely, imposing travel restrictions~~shipping containers and ~~temporarily closing businesses. Certain~~delays at international ports. We, our suppliers and our network of ~~these restrictions were reinstated at various points during 2021 as a response to the emergence of new variants or increased rates of infection.~~family farms are dependent on equipment and other supplies imported from Europe and other locations. To the extent that ~~any~~disruptions to global shipping, including disruptions due to COVID-19 pandemic or geopolitical tensions or wars, such restrictions remain in place, additional prevention and mitigation measures are implemented in the future, or there is uncertainty about the effectiveness of these or any other measures to contain or treat COVID-19, there is likely to be an adverse impact on global economic conditions and consumer confidence and spending, which could materially and adversely affect our supply chain as well as the demand for our products. While at this time we are working to manage and mitigate potential disruptions to our supply chain, and we have not experienced decreases in demand or material financial impacts as compared to prior periods, the fluid nature of the COVID-19 pandemic and uncertainties regarding the related economic impact may result in sustained market turmoil, which could alsoRussia-Ukraine war, negatively impact our, ~~business, financial condition and cash flows.~~

~~The impact of COVID-19 on any of~~ our suppliers, co-manufacturers, distributors or transportation or logistics providers may negatively affect the price and availability of our raw materials and impact our supply chain. If the disruptions caused by COVID-19, including interruptions to global shipping that may impact oursuppliers’ and our ~~suppliers’~~network of farms’ ability to access ~~equipment and other materials, continue for an extended period of time, our ability to meet the demands of our customers or~~necessary goods, we may not be able to expand our operations as planned, ~~may be materially impacted. The COVID-19 vaccination rate in the State of Missouri currently is currently lower than the national rate,~~ and the reported rates of infection and hospitalization due to COVID-19 in Greene County, Missouri, where our Egg Central Station shell egg processing facility is located, have risen at certain points in early 2022. If we are forced to scale back hours of operation or close this facility in response to the pandemic, or if the effects of COVID-19 or related mitigation measures make it difficult to adequately staff the facility to meet the demands of its expansion, our business, financial condition and results of operations would be materially and adversely affected.

Further, COVID-19 may impact customer and consumer demand. Retail and grocery stores may be impacted if governments implement or reimpose regional business closures, quarantines, travel restrictions and other social distancing directives to slow the spread of the virus. Further, to the extent our customers’ operations are negatively impacted, our customers may reduce demand for or spending on our products, or customers or distributors may delay payments to us or request payment or other concessions. There may also be significant reductions or volatility in consumer demand for our products due to travel restrictions or social distancing directives, as well as the temporary inability of consumers to purchase our products due to illness, quarantine or financial hardship, shifts in demand away from one or more of our products, decreased consumer confidence and spending or pantry-loading activity, any

of which may negatively impact our results, including as a result of an increased difficulty in planning for operations. Additionally, we may be unable to effectively modify our trade promotion and advertising activities to reflect changing consumer viewing and shopping habits due to event cancellations, reduced in-store visits and travel restrictions. Further, additional governmental restrictions on the movement of people, public gatherings and businesses may result in fewer people eating out and greater numbers of restaurant closures, both of which would negatively affect our foodservice business.

In addition, any health and safety concerns and/or demands on agency resources related to the COVID-19 pandemic that prevent the FDA or USDA from conducting their regular regulatory activities could significantly impact the ability of these agencies to regulate our products, which could have a material adverse effect on our business.

The extent of COVID-19’s effect on our operational and financial performance will depend on future developments, including the duration, spread and intensity of the pandemic, the emergence of new variants and the adoption and effectiveness of vaccination programs and other actions intended to mitigate the effects of the pandemic, all of which are uncertain and difficult to predict considering the rapidly evolving landscape. As a result, it is not currently possible to ascertain the overall impact of COVID-19 on our business. However, if the pandemic continues to persist as a severe worldwide health crisis, the disease could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition results of operations and cash flows, and may also have the effect of heightening many of the other risks described in this “Risk Factors” section.

A U.S. federal government shutdown could have a material adverse impact on our results of operations and financial condition.

The partial shutdown of the U.S. federal government that began in late 2018 and continued into 2019 adversely impacted many of our family farmers’ ability to access capital, as these farmers receive funding through farm loan programs of the USDA Farm Service Agency. The partial shutdown also impacted our ability to receive governmental approvals for products and labeling of new products. Another U.S. federal government shutdown of similar or greater duration could similarly impact our business, which could have a material adverse effect on our results of operations and financial condition.

~~Disruptions in the worldwide economy may adversely affect~~Public health pandemics, such as COVID-19, could have a material adverse impact on our business, results of operations and financial condition.

~~Adverse~~The impact of public health pandemics, such as COVID-19, on any of our farmers, suppliers, co-manufacturers, distributors or transportation or logistics providers may negatively affect the price and ~~uncertain economic conditions,~~availability of our raw materials and impact our supply chain. If the disruptions caused by such pandemics, including ~~uncertainty related~~interruptions to ~~inflation, market volatility or the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic,~~global shipping that may impact ~~distributor, retailer, foodservice~~our and ~~consumer demand~~our farmers' and other suppliers’ ability to access equipment and other materials, continue for ~~our products. In addition,~~an extended period of time, our ability to manage normal commercial relationships with our suppliers, co-manufacturers, distributors, retailers, foodservice consumers and creditors may suffer. Consumers may shift purchases to lower-priced or other perceived value offerings during economic downturns. In particular, consumers may reducemeet the ~~amount~~demands of our ~~egg products that they purchase where there~~customers or to expand as planned may be materially impacted. If we are ~~more affordable products, including caged, cage-free and free-range egg and egg product offerings, which generally have lower retail prices than~~forced to scale back hours of operation or close our eggs. In addition, consumers may choose to purchase private-label products rather than branded products because they are generally less expensive. Further, our foodservice product sales will be reduced if consumers reduce the amount of food they consume away from home at our foodservice customers, whether as a result of restaurant closures or government-ordered quarantines, travel restrictions and other social distancing directives in connection with the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic, or in other times of economic uncertainty. Distributors and customers may become more conservativefacilities in response to ~~these conditions and seek~~public health threats, or if the effects of COVID-19 or related mitigation measures make it difficult to ~~reduce their inventories. Our results of operations depend upon, among other things,~~adequately staff the facility to meet our ability to maintain and increase sales volume with our existing distributors, retailer and foodservice customers, our ability to attract new consumers, the financial condition of our consumers and our ability to provide products that appeal to consumers at the right price. Prolonged unfavorable economic conditions may have an adverse effect on our sales and profitability.

Disruptions in international trade, including disruptions due to the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic, may have a material adverse impact on us, our suppliers and our network of farms, including our ability to expand our operations as planned.

The global COVID-19 pandemic has disrupted international trade, resulting in increased shipping costs and delays in the import and export of goods to and from the United States and other countries. Specifically, the increased demand for international shipping has resulted in shortages of shipping containers and delays at international ports. We, our suppliers and our network of family farms are dependent on the import of equipment and other supplies from Europe and other locations. To the extent that disruptions to global shipping negatively impact our, our suppliers’ and our network of farms’ ability to access necessary goods, we may not be able to expand our operations as planned, andcapacity demands, our business, financial condition and results of operations would be materially and adversely affected.

~~We are subject to risks related to heightened stakeholder focus on sustainability and corporate social responsibility.~~

Our business faces increasing scrutiny related to environmental, social and governance issues, including sustainable development, product packaging, renewable resources, environmental stewardship, supply chain management, climate change,

diversity and inclusion, workplace conduct, human rights, philanthropy and support for local communities. If we fail to meet applicable standards or expectations with respect to these issues, including Uncertainties regarding the ~~expectations we establish for our own business, our reputation and brand image~~economic impacts of public health pandemics, such as COVID-19, may result in sustained market turmoil, which could ~~be damaged, and~~also negatively impact our business, financial condition and results of ~~operations could be adversely impacted.~~operations.

Implementation of our environmental and sustainability initiatives, including in connection with our annual sustainability report, may require certain financial expenditures and employee resources, and if we are unable to meet our environmental, social and governance goals, this could have a material adverse effect on our reputation and brand and negatively impact our relationship with our investors, crew members, customers and consumers.

Climate change, or legal, regulatory or market efforts to address climate change, may negatively affect our business and ~~operations~~operations..

There is growing concern that carbon dioxide and other greenhouse gases emissions may have an adverse impact on global temperatures, weather conditions, and the frequency and severity of natural disasters. If climate change has a negative effect on agricultural productivity, we may be subject to decreased availability or less favorable pricing for certain raw materials that are necessary for our products, including corn, soybean meal and other feed ~~ingredients~~.ingredients. We may further be subject to unpredictable water availability due to the impact of climate change, and the lack of available water may adversely affect our business and operations.

Additionally, extreme weather and natural disasters exacerbated by climate change may impact our business. The ~~family~~egg farms in our network are all geographically located in a region that provides an environment conducive to year-round raising of chickens. However, if climate change ~~has a negative effect on~~negatively impacts the year-round habitability of this region for chickens, we may be subject to decreased availability or less favorable pricing for our eggs. WeAdverse weather conditions and natural disasters, including those caused by climate change, can adversely impact pasture conditions, leading to reduced yields and quality. For example, in the summer of 2022, extreme temperatures in the Pasture Belt contributed to lower-than-normal shell egg yield at certain of our farms. Adverse weather conditions and natural disasters may also impact the habitability and pasture conditions of the farms where we source cream for our butter products. Further, we may incur increased transportation, storage and processing costs if we are unable to source products within a certain distance from ~~Egg Central Station~~our processing and co-manufacturing facilities due to the effects of climate change.

Governmental and market concern about climate change and its effects may result in additional legal or regulatory requirements to reduce or mitigate the effects of greenhouse gases or water usage. Such laws or regulations, to the extent applicable to us or our suppliers, co-manufacturers or service providers, may result in significant increases to our costs of operation, particularly the supply chain and distribution costs associated with our products.

Failure to adequately respond to stakeholder scrutiny related to environmental, social and governance (ESG) issues, or failure to achieve our ESG goals, could adversely impact our reputation and brand.

Our business faces increasing scrutiny related to ESG issues, including sustainable development, product packaging, renewable resources, environmental stewardship, supply chain management, climate change, diversity and inclusion, workplace conduct, human rights, philanthropy and support for local communities. In December 2022, we announced a series of ESG goals relating to, among other things, ecological impacts, diversity and inclusion, governance accountability and climate change. There is no assurance that we will be able to achieve our ESG goals. Failure to achieve our ESG goals could damage our reputation and brand image and our business, financial condition and results of operations could be adversely impacted.

Implementation of our environmental and sustainability initiatives, including in connection with our ESG goals and annual impact report, may require certain financial expenditures and crew member resources, and if we are unable to meet our ESG goals or other applicable standards or expectations with respect to ESG issues, this could have a material adverse effect on our reputation and brand and negatively impact our relationship with our investors, crew members, customers and consumers.

Food safety and food-borne illness incidents or advertising or product mislabeling may materially and adversely affect our business by exposing us to lawsuits, product recalls or regulatory enforcement actions, increasing our operating costs and reducing demand for our product offerings.

Selling food for human consumption involves inherent legal and other risks, and there is increasing governmental scrutiny of and public awareness regarding food safety. Illness, injury or death related to allergens, food-borne illnesses, foreign material contamination or other food safety incidents caused by our products, or involving our farmers or other suppliers, could result in the disruption or discontinuance of sales of these products or our relationships with such farmers or suppliers, or otherwise result in increased operating costs, regulatory enforcement actions or harm to our reputation. For example, in December 2019, our co-manufacturer for hard-boiled eggs conducted a voluntary Class I recall of all hard-boiled eggs produced at its facility, including ours, due to a potential listeria contamination at the production facility. Our co-manufacturer elected to permanently close the affected production facility and move all production to a different facility, which did not have sufficient capacity to meet product demand. As a result, we were unable to supply customers with hard-boiled eggs for a period of time in the first quarter of fiscal 2020.

Shipment of adulterated or misbranded products, even if inadvertent, can result in criminal or civil liability. Such incidents could also expose us to product liability, negligence or other lawsuits, including consumer class action lawsuits. Any claims brought against us may exceed or be outside the scope of our existing or future insurance policy coverage or limits. Any judgment against us that is more than our policy limits or not covered by our policies or not subject to insurance would have to be paid from our cash reserves, which would reduce our capital resources.

The occurrence of food-borne illnesses or other food safety incidents could also adversely affect the price and availability of affected raw materials, resulting in higher costs, disruptions in supply and a reduction in our sales. Furthermore, any instances of food contamination or regulatory noncompliance, whether or not caused by our actions, could compel us, our farms or suppliers, our distributors or our customers, depending on the circumstances, to conduct a recall in accordance with FDA or USDA regulations and policies, and comparable state laws. Food recalls could result in significant losses due to their costs, the destruction of product inventory, lost sales due to the unavailability of the product for a period of time and potential loss of existing distributors or customers and a potential negative impact on our ability to attract new customers due to negative consumer experiences or because of an adverse impact on our brand and reputation. The costs of a recall could be outside the scope of our existing or future insurance policy coverage or limits.

In addition, food companies have been subject to targeted, large-scale tampering as well as to opportunistic, individual product tampering, and we, like any food company, could be a target for product tampering. Forms of tampering could include the introduction

of foreign material, chemical contaminants and pathological organisms into food products, as well as product substitution. Governmental regulations require companies like us to analyze, prepare and implement mitigation strategies specifically to address tampering designed to inflict widespread public health harm. If we do not adequately address the possibility, or any actual instance, of product tampering, we could face possible seizure or recall of our products and the imposition of civil or criminal sanctions, which could adversely affect our business, financial condition and operating results.

Our operations are subject to FDA and USDA federal regulation and state regulation, and there is no assurance that we will be in compliance with all regulations.

Our operations are subject to extensive regulation by the FDA, the USDA and other federal, state and local authorities. With respect to eggs in particular, the FDA and the USDA split jurisdiction depending on the type of product involved. While the FDA has primary responsibility for the regulation of shell eggs, the USDA has primary responsibility for the regulation of dried, frozen or liquid eggs and other “egg products,” subject to certain exceptions. Specifically, our shell eggs, butter, hard-boiled eggs, ~~ghee, egg bite~~ and ~~breakfast bar~~ghee products are subject to the requirements of the Federal Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act, as amended, or the FDCA, and regulations promulgated thereunder by the FDA. This comprehensive regulatory program governs, among other things, the manufacturing, composition and ingredients, packaging, labeling and safety of most food products. The FDA requires that facilities that manufacture food products comply with a range of requirements, including hazard analysis and preventative controls regulations, current good manufacturing practices, or cGMPs, and supplier verification requirements. Our shell egg operations are further subject to FDA regulatory requirements governing the production, storage and transportation of shell eggs for the control of salmonella. FDA-inspected processing facilities are subject to periodic and “for cause” inspection by federal, state and local authorities. In addition, certain of our products, such as our liquid whole egg ~~and certain of our egg bite and breakfast bar~~ products, are subject to regulation by the USDA, including facility registration, inspection, manufacturing and labeling requirements. We do not control the manufacturing processes of, and rely upon, our co-manufacturers for compliance with cGMPs and other regulatory requirements for the manufacturing of our products that is conducted by our co-manufacturers. If we or our co-manufacturers cannot successfully manufacture products that conform to our specifications and the strict regulatory requirements of the FDA, the USDA or others, we or they may be subject to adverse inspectional findings or enforcement actions, which could materially impact our ability to market our products, result in our co-manufacturers’ inability to continue manufacturing for us, result in a recall of our products that have already been distributed and result in damage to our brand and reputation. For example, in December 2019, our co-manufacturer for hard-boiled eggs conducted a voluntary Class I recall of all hard-boiled eggs produced at its facility, including ours, due to a potential listeria contamination at the production facility. We rely upon our co-manufacturers to maintain adequate quality control, quality assurance and qualified personnel. If the FDA, the USDA or another regulatory authority determines that we or these co-manufacturers have not complied with the applicable regulatory requirements, our business may be adversely impacted.

Our liquid whole eggs are subject to the requirements of the Egg Products Inspection Act, or EPIA, and regulations promulgated thereunder by the USDA. The USDA has comprehensive regulations in place that apply to establishments that break, dry and process shell eggs into liquid egg products. This regulatory scheme governs the manufacturing, processing, pasteurizations, packaging, labeling and safety of egg products. Under the EPIA and USDA regulations, establishments that manufacture egg products must comply with the USDA’s requirements for sanitation, temperature control, pasteurization and labeling. In addition, in September 2020, the USDA announced that it had finalized its Egg Products Inspection Rule. Pursuant to the regulatory requirements established by this rule, we anticipate that our co-manufacturers’ liquid whole egg establishment will be required to implement Hazard Analysis and Critical Control Point plans within two years after publication of the final rule in the Federal Register and will further be required to implement Sanitary Standard Operating Procedures within one year after publication in the Federal Register. Certain of our egg bite products that contain bacon and ham are also subject to USDA regulation, pursuant to the Federal Meat Inspection Act, or FMIA. The FMIA and USDA regulations establish registration, inspection, recordkeeping, labeling and other requirements governing certain products that contain meat, including our products. We do not control the manufacturing processes of, and rely upon, our co-manufacturers for compliance with USDA regulations for the manufacturing of our liquid whole egg ~~egg bite and breakfast bar~~ products, which is conducted by our co-manufacturers. If we or our co-manufacturers cannot successfully manufacture ~~liquid whole eggs, egg bites or breakfast bars~~products that conform to our specifications and the strict regulatory requirements of the USDA or others, we or they may be subject to adverse inspectional findings or enforcement actions, which could materially impact our ability to market our products, could result in our co-manufacturers’ inability to continue manufacturing for us, or could result in a recall of our product that has already been distributed. In addition, we rely upon our co-manufacturers to maintain adequate quality control, quality assurance and qualified personnel. If the USDA or a comparable foreign regulatory authority determines that we or these co-manufacturers have not complied with the applicable regulatory requirements, our business may be materially impacted.

In addition to regulation pursuant to the FDCA, EPIA and FMIA, some of our products are subject to the Agricultural Marketing Act of 1946, or the AMA. The AMA governs voluntary grade claims that appear on some of our products and are administered by the USDA Agricultural Marketing Service, or AMS. For instance, our shell eggs, including those handled by our co-manufacturers, are graded for quality by USDA AMS grading personnel. ~~Similarly, our butter product, including those handled by our co-manufacturers, are graded for flavor, body, color and salt content.~~ We do not control the processes in place on our contract farms or with our co-manufacturers (which can affect the assigned grade), and rely upon both to provide us quality, fresh products that meet our stringent quality standards. If we, or our network of family farms and co-manufacturers, cannot successfully manufacture products that confirm with our quality specifications or meet appropriate grading standards under the AMA, we may have difficulty marketing our products or may be required to source our products from other farms and co-manufacturers.

Our products that are labeled as “organic” are subject to the requirements of the Organic Foods Production Act, or OFPA, and the USDA’s National Organic Program, or NOP, regulations. The OFPA is a comprehensive regulatory scheme that mandates certain practices and prohibits other practices pertaining to the raising of animals and handling and processing of food products. We, and our network of family farms and co-manufacturers, contract with NOP-accredited certifying agents to ensure that our organic products are produced in compliance with the OFPA and NOP regulations. We do not control the farms where our products are raised and rely on the farms for compliance with the on-farm requirements of the OFPA and NOP regulations. Similarly, we do not control the manufacturing processes of, and we rely upon, our co-manufacturers for compliance with requirements of the OFPA and NOP regulations with respect to organic products handled and manufactured by our co-manufacturers. If we, the farms or the co-manufacturers cannot successfully raise and manufacture products that meet the strict regulatory requirements of the OFPA and the NOP, we or they may be subject to adverse inspectional findings or enforcement actions, which could materially impact our ability to market our products as “organic,” could result in the farms or co-manufacturers’ inability to continue to raise farm products or manufacture food for us, or we, the farms, or the co-manufacturer could lose the right to market products as “organic,” and subject us, the farms, or co-manufacturers to civil monetary penalties. If the USDA or a comparable foreign regulatory authority determines that we or these co-manufacturers have not complied with the applicable regulatory requirements, our business may be materially impacted.

We are also subject to state and local regulations, including product requirements, labeling requirements and import restrictions. For example, the State of Iowa requires that grocery stores which participate in the Special Supplement Nutrition Program for Women, Infants, and Children, and which sell eggs produced by chickens advertised as being housed in cage-free, free-range or enriched colony cage environments, also sell “conventional” eggs produced by chickens that are not so advertised. That regulation impacted the space allocation for non-caged eggs on the shelves of retailers in Iowa and their willingness to carry our eggs. In addition, one or more states could pass regulations that establish requirements that our products would not satisfy. If our products fail to meet such individual state standards or are restricted from being imported into a ~~state-by-state~~state by regulatory requirements, our business, financial condition or results of operations could be materially and adversely affected.

We seek to comply with applicable regulations through a combination of employing internal experience and expert personnel to ensure ~~quality-assurance~~quality assurance compliance (i.e., assuring that our products are not adulterated or misbranded) and contracting with third-party laboratories that conduct analyses of products to ensure compliance with nutrition labeling requirements and to identify any potential contaminants before distribution. Failure by us, the farms or the co-manufacturers to comply with applicable laws and regulations or maintain permits, licenses or registrations relating to our or our co-manufacturers’ operations could subject us to civil remedies or penalties, including fines, injunctions, recalls or seizures, warning letters, restrictions on the marketing or manufacturing of products, or refusals to permit the import or export of products, as well as potential criminal sanctions, which could result in increased operating costs resulting in a material effect on our operating results and business. See the section titled “—Government Regulation” in Part I, Item 1, “Business,” of this Annual Report for further information on the regulations to which we are subject.

Changes in existing laws or regulations, or the adoption of new laws or regulations may increase our costs and otherwise adversely affect our business, results of operations and financial condition.

The manufacture and marketing of food products is highly regulated. We, our farmers, our suppliers and our co-manufacturers are subject to a variety of laws and regulations. These laws and regulations apply to many aspects of our business, including the manufacture, packaging, labeling, distribution, advertising, sale, quality and safety of our products, as well as the health and safety of our crew members and the protection of the environment.

In the United States, we are subject to regulation by various government agencies, including the FDA, the USDA, the Federal Trade Commission, or FTC, the Occupational Safety and Health Administration, or OSHA, and the Environmental Protection Agency, or EPA, as well as various state and local agencies. We are also regulated outside the United States by various international regulatory bodies. In addition, we are subject to certain standards, such as GFSI standards and review by voluntary organizations, such as the Council of Better Business Bureaus’ National Advertising Division. We could incur costs, including fines, penalties and third-party claims, because of any violations of, or liabilities under, such requirements, including any competitor or consumer challenges relating to compliance with such requirements. For example, in connection with the marketing and advertisement of our products, we could be the target of claims relating to false or deceptive advertising, including under the auspices of the FTC and the consumer protection statutes of some states.

The regulatory environment in which we operate could change significantly and adversely in the future. Any change in manufacturing, labeling or packaging requirements for our products may lead to an increase in costs or interruptions in production, either of which could adversely affect our operations and financial condition. New or revised government laws and regulations could result in additional compliance costs and, in the event of non-compliance, civil remedies, including fines, injunctions, withdrawals, recalls or seizures and confiscations, as well as potential criminal sanctions, any of which may adversely affect our business, financial condition and results of operations.

Failure by our network of family farms, suppliers of raw materials or co-manufacturers to comply with food safety, environmental or other laws and regulations, or with the specifications and requirements of our products, may disrupt our supply of products and adversely affect our business.

If any of our family farms, suppliers or co-manufacturers fail to comply with food safety, environmental, health and safety or other laws and regulations, or face allegations of non-compliance, their operations may be disrupted and our reputation could be harmed. Additionally, the farms and co-manufacturers are required to maintain the quality of our products and to comply with our standards and specifications. In the event of actual or alleged non-compliance, we might be forced to find alternative farms, suppliers or co-manufacturers and we may be subject to lawsuits and/or regulatory enforcement actions related to such non-compliance by the farms, suppliers and co-manufacturers. As a result, our supply of eggs and other raw materials or finished inventory could be disrupted or our costs could increase, which would adversely affect our business, results of operations and financial condition. The failure of any partner farmer or co-manufacturer to produce products that conform to our standards could adversely affect our reputation in the marketplace and result in product recalls, product liability claims, government or third-party actions and economic loss. For example, in December 2019, our co-manufacturer for hard-boiled eggs conducted a voluntary Class I recall of all hard-boiled eggs produced at its facility, including ours, due to a potential listeria contamination at the production facility. Additionally, actions we may take to mitigate the impact of any disruption or potential disruption in our supply of eggs and other raw materials or finished inventory, including increasing inventory in anticipation of a potential supply or production interruption, may adversely affect our business, financial condition and results of operations.

We are subject to stringent environmental regulation and potentially subject to environmental litigation, proceedings and investigations.

Our business operations and ownership and past and present operation of real property are subject to stringent federal, state, and local environmental laws and regulations pertaining to the discharge of materials into the environment and natural resources. Violation of these laws and regulations could lead to substantial liabilities, fines and penalties or to capital expenditures related to pollution control equipment that could have a material adverse effect on our business. We could also experience in the future significant opposition from third parties with respect to our business, including environmental non-governmental organizations, neighborhood groups and municipalities. Additionally, new matters or sites may be identified in the future, including in connection with the potential expansion of our processing capacity, that will require additional environmental investigation, assessment, or expenditures, which could cause additional capital expenditures. Future discovery of contamination of property underlying or in the vicinity of our present or future properties, or facilities ~~and/~~or waste disposal sites could require us to incur additional expenses, delays to our business and to our proposed construction. The occurrence of any of these events, the implementation of new laws and regulations, or stricter interpretation of existing laws or regulations, could adversely affect our business, financial condition and results of operations.

Legal claims, government investigations or other regulatory enforcement actions could subject us to civil and criminal penalties.

We operate in a highly regulated environment with constantly evolving legal and regulatory frameworks. Consequently, we are subject to a heightened risk of legal claims, government investigations or other regulatory enforcement actions. Although we have implemented policies and procedures designed to ensure compliance with existing laws and regulations, there can be no assurance that our crew members, consultants, independent contractors, farmers, suppliers, co-manufacturers or distributors will not violate our policies and procedures. Moreover, a failure to maintain effective control processes could lead to violations, unintentional or otherwise, of laws and regulations. Legal claims, government investigations or regulatory enforcement actions arising out of our failure or alleged failure to comply with applicable laws and regulations could subject us to civil and criminal penalties that could materially and adversely affect our product sales, reputation, financial condition and operating results. In addition, the costs and other effects of defending potential and pending litigation and administrative actions against us may be difficult to determine and could adversely affect our financial condition and operating results.

Litigation or legal proceedings could expose us to significant liabilities and have a negative impact on our reputation or business.

From time to time, we may be party to various claims and litigation proceedings. We evaluate these claims and litigation proceedings to assess the likelihood of unfavorable outcomes and to estimate, if possible, the amount of potential losses. Based on these assessments and estimates, we may establish reserves, as appropriate. These assessments and estimates are based on the information available to management at the time and involve a significant amount of management judgment. Actual outcomes or losses may differ materially from our assessments and estimates. We are not currently party to any material litigation.

Even when not merited, the defense of these lawsuits may divert our management’s attention, and we may incur significant expenses in defending these lawsuits. The results of litigation and other legal proceedings are inherently uncertain, and adverse judgments or settlements in some of these legal disputes may result in adverse monetary damages, penalties or injunctive relief against us, which could have a material adverse effect on our financial position, cash flows or results of operations. Any claims or litigation, even if fully indemnified or insured, could damage our reputation and make it more difficult to compete effectively or to obtain adequate insurance in the future.

Furthermore, while we maintain insurance for certain potential liabilities, such insurance does not cover all types and amounts of potential liabilities and is subject to various exclusions and caps on amounts recoverable. Even if we believe a claim is covered by insurance, insurers may dispute our entitlement to recovery for a variety of potential reasons, which may affect the timing and, if the insurers prevail, the amount of our recovery.

Risks Related to Our Status as a Certified B Corporation and Public Benefit Corporation

Our status as a public benefit corporation and a Certified B Corporation may not result in the benefits that we anticipate.

We have elected to be classified as a public benefit corporation under Delaware law. As a public benefit corporation, we are required to balance the financial interests of our stockholders with the best interests of those stakeholders materially affected by our conduct, including particularly those affected by the specific benefit purposes set forth in our amended and restated certificate of incorporation. ~~In addition, there~~There is no assurance that the expected positive impact from being a public benefit corporation will be ~~realized. Accordingly, being~~realized and our status as a public benefit corporation and ~~complying~~compliance with our related obligations could negatively impact our ability to provide the highest possible return to our stockholders.

As a public benefit corporation, we are required to publicly disclose ~~to stockholders~~ a report at least biennially on our overall public benefit performance and on our assessment of our success in achieving our specific public benefit ~~purpose, which we may disclose through our annual report and proxy statement for our annual meeting of stockholders made available to our stockholders each year.~~purpose. If we are not timely or are unable to provide this report, or if the report is not viewed favorably by parties doing business with us or regulators or others reviewing our credentials, our reputation and status as a public benefit corporation may be harmed.

While not required by Delaware law or the terms of our certificate of incorporation, we have elected to have our social and environmental performance, accountability and transparency assessed against the proprietary criteria established by B Lab, an independent non-profit organization. As a result of this assessment, we have been designated as a “Certified B Corporation,” which refers to companies that are certified as meeting certain levels of social and environmental performance, accountability and transparency. The standards for Certified B Corporation certification are B Lab and may change over time, and our continued certification is at the sole discretion of B Lab. To maintain our certification, we are required to update our assessment and verify our updated score with B Lab every three years. We were most recently recertified as a Certified B Corporation in January 2022. Our reputation could be harmed if we lose our status as a Certified B Corporation, whether by our choice or by our failure to continue to meet the certification requirements, particularly if that failure or change were to create a perception that we are more focused on financial performance and are no longer as committed to the values shared by Certified B ~~Corporations. Likewise, our reputation could be harmed~~Corporations, or if our publicly reported Certified B Corporation score declines.

As a public benefit corporation, our duty to balance a variety of interests may result in actions that do not maximize stockholder value.

As a public benefit corporation, our board of directors has a duty to balance (i) the pecuniary interest of our stockholders, (ii) the best interests of those materially affected by our conduct and (iii) specific public benefits identified in our amended and restated certificate of incorporation. While we believe our public benefit designation and ~~obligation~~associated obligations will benefit our stockholders, in balancing these interests our board of directors may take actions that do not maximize stockholder value. Any benefits to stockholders resulting from our public benefit purposes may not materialize within the timeframe we expect or at all and may have negative effects. For example:

We may be unable or slow to realize the benefits we expect from actions taken to benefit our stakeholders, including farmers, suppliers, crew members and local communities, which could adversely affect our business, financial condition and results of operations, which in turn could cause our stock price to decline.

As a public benefit corporation, we may be subject to increased derivative litigation concerning our duty to balance stockholder and public benefit interests, the occurrence of which may have an adverse impact on our financial condition and results of operations.

As a Delaware public benefit corporation, our stockholders (if they, individually or collectively, own at least 2% of our outstanding capital stock or shares having at least $2 million in market value (whichever is less)) are entitled to file a derivative lawsuit claiming that our directors failed to balance stockholder and public benefit interests. This potential liability does not exist for traditional corporations. Therefore, we may be subject to the possibility of increased derivative litigation, which would require the attention of management and, as a result, may adversely impact management’s ability to effectively execute our strategy. Any such derivative litigation may be costly and have an adverse impact on our financial condition and results of operations.

If we fail to maintain an effective system of internal control over financial reporting in the future, we may not be able to accurately report our financial condition, results of operations or cash flows, which may adversely affect investor confidence in us and, as a result, the value of our common ~~stock~~stock..

The Sarbanes-Oxley Act requires, among other things, that we maintain effective internal controls ~~for~~over financial reporting, ~~and~~ disclosure controls and procedures. We are required, under Section 404 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act, or Section 404, to furnish a report by management on, among other things, the effectiveness of our internal control over financial reporting. This assessment must include disclosure of any material weaknesses identified by our management in our internal control over financial reporting. A material weakness is a deficiency, or combination of deficiencies, in internal control over financial reporting that results in more than a reasonable possibility that a material misstatement of annual or interim financial statements will not be prevented or detected on a timely basis. Section 404 also generally requires an attestation from our independent registered public accounting firm on the effectiveness of our internal control over financial reporting. However, for as long as we remain an “emerging growth company,” as defined in the Jumpstart Our Business Startups Act of 2012, or JOBS Act, we intend to take advantage of the exemption permitting us not to comply with the independent registered public accounting firm attestation requirement.

Our compliance with Section 404 will require that we continue to incur substantial expense and expend significant management ~~efforts.~~efforts to ensure ongoing compliance. We may not be able to complete our evaluation, testing and any required remediation in a timely fashion. During the evaluation and testing process, if we identify one or more material weaknesses in our internal control over financial reporting, we will be unable to assert that our internal control over financial reporting is effective. We cannot assure you that there will not be material weaknesses or significant deficiencies in our internal control over financial reporting in the future. Any failure to maintain internal control over financial reporting could severely inhibit our ability to accurately report our financial condition, results of operations or cash flows. If we are unable to conclude that our internal control over financial reporting is effective, or if our independent registered public accounting firm determines we have a material weakness or significant deficiency in our internal control over financial reporting once that firm conducts its Section 404 reviews, we could lose investor confidence in the accuracy and completeness of our financial reports, the market price of our common stock could decline, and we could be subject to sanctions or investigations by The Nasdaq Stock Market LLC, or Nasdaq, the SEC or other regulatory authorities. Failure to remedy any material weakness in our internal control over financial reporting, or to implement or maintain other effective control systems required of public companies, could also restrict our future access to the capital markets.

We are an “emerging growth company,” and we cannot be certain if the reduced reporting and disclosure requirements applicable to emerging growth companies will make our common stock less attractive to investors.

We are an “emerging growth company,” as defined in the JOBS Act, and we may take advantage of certain exemptions from various reporting requirements that are applicable to other public companies that are not emerging growth companies, including the auditor attestation requirements of Section 404, reduced disclosure obligations regarding executive compensation in our periodic reports and proxy statements, and exemptions from the requirements of holding a nonbinding advisory vote on executive compensation and stockholder approval of any golden parachute payments not previously approved. Pursuant to Section 107 of the JOBS Act, as an emerging growth company, we have elected to use the extended transition period for complying with new or revised accounting standards until those standards would otherwise apply to private companies. As a result, our consolidated financial statements may not be comparable to the financial statements of issuers who are required to comply with the effective dates for new or revised accounting standards that are applicable to public companies, which may make our common stock less attractive to investors. In addition, if we cease to be an emerging growth company, we will no longer be able to use the extended transition period for complying with new or revised accounting ~~standards.~~standards and as a result will incur additional expenses.

We will remain an emerging growth company until the earliest of: (1) December 28, 2025; (2) the last day of the first fiscal year in which our annual gross revenue is ~~$1.07~~$1.235 billion or more; (3) the date on which we have, during the previous rolling three-year period, issued more than $1 billion in non-convertible debt securities; and (4) the last day of the fiscal year in which the market value of our common stock held by non-affiliates ~~exceeded~~exceeds $700 million as of the last business day of the second fiscal quarter of such fiscal year.

We cannot predict if investors will find our common stock less attractive if we choose to rely on these exemptions. For example, if we do not adopt a new or revised accounting standard, our future results of operations may not be as comparable to the results of operations of certain other companies in our industry that have adopted such standards. If some investors find our common stock less attractive as a result, there may be a less active trading market for our common stock, and our stock price may be more volatile.

We have incurred and will continue to incur increased costs as a result of operating as a public company, and our management will be required to devote substantial time to compliance with our public company responsibilities and corporate governance practices.

As a public company, we have incurred and will continue to incur significant finance, legal, accounting, and other expenses, including director and officer liability insurance. We expect that these expenses will increase further after we are no longer an “emerging growth company.” The Sarbanes-Oxley Act, the Dodd-Frank Wall Street Reform and Consumer Protection Act, the listing requirements of Nasdaq and other applicable securities rules and regulations impose various requirements on public companies. Our management and other personnel devote a substantial amount of time to compliance with these requirements. Moreover, these rules and regulations will increase our legal and financial compliance costs and will make some activities more time-consuming and costly. We cannot predict or estimate the amount of additional costs we will incur as a public company or the specific timing of such costs.

We rely on information technology systems and any inadequacy, failure, interruption or security breaches of those systems may harm our ability to effectively operate our business.

We are dependent on various information technology systems, including, but not limited to, networks, applications and outsourced services in connection with the operation of our business. A failure of our information technology systems to perform as we anticipate could disrupt our business and result in transaction errors, processing inefficiencies and loss of sales, causing our business to suffer. Further, because of our remote work policies, information that is normally protected, including company confidential information, may be less secure and we may be more vulnerable to cyberattacks. In addition, while we have not experienced a material information security breach in the last three years, our information technology systems may be vulnerable to damage or interruption from circumstances beyond our control, including fire, natural disasters, systems failures, viruses and security breaches. Any such damage or interruption could have an adverse effect on our business.

A cybersecurity incident or other technology disruptions could negatively impact our business and our relationships with customers and consumers.

We use computers in substantially all aspects of our business operations. We also use mobile devices, social networking and other online activities to connect with our crew members, farmers, suppliers, co-manufacturers, distributors, customers and consumers. Such uses give rise to cybersecurity risks, including security breaches, espionage, system disruption, theft and inadvertent release of information. Cybersecurity incidents are increasing in their frequency, sophistication and intensity, with third-party phishing and social engineering attacks in particular increasing in connection with the COVID-19 pandemic. Our business involves sensitive information and intellectual property, including customers’, distributors’ and suppliers’ information, private information about crew members and financial and strategic information about us and our business partners. Further, as we pursue new initiatives that improve our operations and cost structure, we also intend to expand and improve our information technologies, resulting in a larger technological presence and corresponding exposure to cybersecurity risk. If we fail to assess and identify cybersecurity risks associated with new initiatives, we may become increasingly vulnerable to such risks.

~~In 2021, we launched~~We maintain an online ordering platform for certain of our products, and in connection with this platform, our third-party service providers may collect, store, process, and use personal and payment information and other customer and consumer data. Any breach of our data security or that of our service providers could result in an unauthorized release or transfer of information or the loss of valuable business data or cause a disruption in our business. Any such breach could result in harm to our brand and exposure to losses, litigation or regulatory proceedings.

While we have implemented measures to prevent security breaches and cyber incidents, our preventative measures and incident response efforts may not be entirely effective. The theft, destruction, loss, misappropriation or release of sensitive information or intellectual property, or interference with our information technology systems or the technology systems of third parties on which we rely, could result in business disruption, negative publicity, brand damage, violation of privacy laws, loss of customers and distributors, potential liability and competitive disadvantage all of which could have an adverse effect on our business, financial condition or results of operations.

Such risks may be heightened by the fact that a large portion of our existing and newly hired crew members ~~are~~is working remotely on a permanent basis. Technologies and security systems in place at our crew members’ homes may be less secure than those used in a physical office, and while we have implemented controls and safeguards to help protect our systems as our crew members work from home, we may nevertheless be subject to increased cybersecurity risk, which could expose us to risks of data or financial loss, resulting in an adverse impact on our business, financial condition or results of operations.

The loss of any registered trademark or other intellectual property could enable other companies to compete more effectively with us.

We utilize intellectual property in our business. Our trademarksare valuable assets that reinforce our brand and consumers’ favorable perception of our products. We have invested a significant amount of money in establishing and promoting our trademarked brands. We also rely on unpatented proprietary expertise and copyright protection to develop and maintain our competitive position. Our continued success depends, to a significant degree, upon our ability to protect and preserve our intellectual property, including our trademarks and copyrights.

We rely on confidentiality agreements and trademark and copyright law to protect our intellectual property rights. Our confidentiality agreements with our crew members and certain of our consultants, contract employees, suppliers and independent contractors, including some of our co-manufacturers who use our formulations to manufacture our products, generally require that all information made known to them be kept strictly confidential. Further, some of our formulations have been developed by or with our suppliers and co-manufacturers. As a result, we may not be able to prevent others from using similar formulations.

We cannot be certain that the steps we have taken to protect our intellectual property rights are adequate, that our intellectual property rights can be successfully defended and asserted in the future or that third parties will not infringe upon or misappropriate any such rights. In addition, our trademark rights and related registrations may be challenged in the future and could be canceled or narrowed. Failure to protect our trademark rights could prevent us in the future from challenging third parties who use names and logos similar to our trademarks, which may in turn cause consumer confusion or negatively affect consumers’ perception of our brand and products. Moreover, intellectual property disputes and proceedings and infringement claims may result in a significant distraction for management and significant expense, which may not be recoverable regardless of whether we are successful. Such proceedings may be protracted with no certainty of success, and an adverse outcome could subject us to liabilities, force us to cease use of certain trademarks or other intellectual property or force us to enter into licenses with others. Any one of these occurrences may have an adverse effect on our business, financial condition and results of operations.

The market price of our common stock may be highly volatile and may fluctuate or decline substantially as a result of a variety of factors, some of which are beyond our control, ~~including:~~including those described elsewhere in this "Risk Factors" section.

Broad market and industry fluctuations, as well as general economic, political, regulatory and market conditions, may also negatively impact the market price of our common stock, particularly in light of uncertainties surrounding ~~the ongoing~~inflation, geopolitical tensions, and public health pandemics such as COVID-19 ~~pandemic~~ and ~~the~~ related impacts.

~~An active public market for our common stock may not develop or be sustained.~~

Prior to the closing of our IPO on August 4, 2020, no public market for our common stock existed. An active public trading market for our common stock may not continue to develop or, if further developed, may not be sustained. The lack of an active market may impair your ability to sell your shares at the time you wish to sell them or at a price that you consider reasonable. The lack of an active market may also reduce the fair value of your shares. An inactive market may also impair our ability to raise capital to continue to fund operations by selling shares and may impair our ability to acquire other companies by using our shares as consideration.

Insiders have substantial control over us and ~~will be~~are able to influence corporate matters.

Based on the number of shares outstanding as of December ~~26, 2021,~~25, 2022, our directors, and officers hold, in the aggregate, approximately ~~44%~~26% of our outstanding capital stock. As a result, these stockholders are able to exercise significant influence over all matters requiring stockholder approval, including the election of directors and approval of significant corporate transactions, such as a merger or other sale of our company or its assets. This concentration of ownership could limit stockholders’ ability to influence corporate matters, including, but not limited to, delaying or preventing a third party from acquiring control over us.

Sales of our common stock in the public market could cause the market price of our common stock to decline.

Sales of a substantial number of shares of our common stock in the public market, or the perception that these sales might occur, could depress the market price of our common stock and could impair our ability to raise capital through the sale of additional equity securities. Many of our existing equity holders have substantial unrecognized gains on the value of the equity they hold, and therefore they may take steps to sell their shares or otherwise secure the unrecognized gains on those shares. We are unable to predict the timing of or the effect that such sales may have on the prevailing market price of our common stock.

In addition, as of December ~~26, 2021,~~25, 2022, there were ~~5,034,900~~5,139,709 shares of common stock issuable upon the exercise of outstanding stock options or subject to vesting of outstanding restricted stock awards. We have registered all of the shares of common stock issuable upon exercise of outstanding stock options, vesting of outstanding restricted stock awards or other equity incentives we may grant in the future, for public resale under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, or the Securities Act. The shares of common stock will become eligible for sale in the public market to the extent such options are exercised, subject to ~~the lock-up agreements described above and~~ compliance with applicable securities laws.

Further, based on shares outstanding as of December ~~26, 2021,~~25, 2022, holders of approximately ~~13.3~~13.5 million shares of our capital stock and certain shares that may be issued in the future upon exercise or vesting of outstanding equity awards, have rights, subject to some conditions, to require us to file registration statements covering the sale of their shares or to include their shares in registration statements that we may file for ourselves or other stockholders.

Our issuance of additional capital stock in connection with financings, acquisitions, investments, our equity incentive plans or otherwise will dilute all other stockholders.

We expect to issue additional capital stock in the future that will result in dilution to all other stockholders. We expect to grant equity awards to employees, directors and consultants under our equity incentive plans. We may also raise capital through equity financings in the future. As part of our business strategy, we may acquire or make investments in companies and issue equity securities to pay for any such acquisition or investment. Any such issuances of additional capital stock may cause stockholders to experience significant dilution of their ownership interests and the per share value of our common stock to decline.

If securities or industry analysts do not publish research or publish unfavorable or inaccurate research about our business, the market price and trading volume of our common stock could decline.

The market price and trading volume of our common stock is heavily influenced by the way analysts interpret our financial information and other disclosures. We do not have control over these analysts. If few securities analysts commence coverage of us, or if industry analysts cease coverage of us, our stock price would be negatively affected. If securities or industry analysts do not publish research or reports about our business, downgrade our common stock or publish negative reports about our business, our stock price would likely decline. If one or more of these analysts cease coverage of us or fail to publish reports on us regularly, demand for our common stock could decrease, which might cause our stock price to decline and could decrease the trading volume of our common stock.

While we have previously paid cash dividends on our capital stock, we do not intend to pay any cash dividends on our capital stock in the foreseeable future. Any determination to pay dividends in the future will be at the discretion of our board of directors. Accordingly, you may need to rely on sales of our common stock after price appreciation, which may never occur, as the only way to realize any future gains on your investment.

Although we believe that the extent of our insurance coverage is consistent with industry practice, any claim under our insurance policies may be subject to certain exceptions, may not be honored fully, in a timely manner, or at all, and we may not have purchased sufficient insurance to cover all losses incurred. If we were to incur substantial liabilities or if our business operations were interrupted for a substantial period of time, we could incur costs and suffer losses. Such inventory and business interruption losses may not be covered by our insurance policies. Any significant uninsured liability may require us to pay substantial amounts, which would adversely affect our cash position and results of operations. Additionally, in the future, insurance coverage may not be available to us at commercially acceptable premiums, or at all.

Our business and operating results could be harmed by factors such as the availability, terms of and cost of capital and increases in interest rates. These changes could cause our cost of doing business to increase and limit our ability to pursue growth opportunities. Disruptions and volatility in the global financial markets may lead to a contraction in credit availability impacting our ability to finance our operations. A significant reduction in cash flows from operations or the availability of credit could materially and adversely affect our ability to achieve planned growth and operating results.

Anti-takeover provisions in our charter documents and under Delaware law could make an acquisition of our company more difficult, limit attempts by our stockholders to replace or remove our current management and limit the market price of our common stock.

Provisions in our amended and restated certificate of incorporation and amended and restated bylaws, and provisions of Delaware law applicable to us as a public benefit corporation, may have the effect of delaying or preventing a change of control or changes in our management. Our amended and restated certificate of incorporation and amended and restated bylaws include provisions that:

These provisions may frustrate or prevent any attempts by our stockholders to replace or remove our current management by making it more difficult for stockholders to replace members of our board of directors, which is responsible for appointing the members of our management. In addition, because we are incorporated in Delaware, we are governed by the provisions of Section 203 of the ~~Delaware~~ General Corporation Law of the State of Delaware, or DGCL, which generally, subject to certain exceptions, prohibits a Delaware corporation from engaging in any of a broad range of business combinations with any “interested” stockholder for a period of three years following the date on which the stockholder became an “interested” stockholder.

Also, as a public benefit corporation, our board of directors is required by the ~~Delaware General Corporation Law~~DCGL to manage or direct our business and affairs in a manner that balances the pecuniary interests of our stockholders, the best interests of those materially affected by our conduct, and the specific public benefits identified in our certificate of incorporation. Additionally, pursuant to our amended and restated certificate of incorporation, a vote of at least 66 2/3% of our outstanding shares of voting stock is required for matters directly or indirectly amending or removing our public benefit purpose, or to effect a merger or consolidation involving stock consideration with an entity that is not a public benefit corporation with an identical public benefit to ours. We believe that our public benefit corporation status will make it more difficult for another party to obtain control of us without maintaining our public benefit corporation status and purpose. Any of the foregoingSuch provisions could also limit the price that our investors might be willing to pay in the future for shares of our common stock, and they could deter potential acquirers of our company, thereby reducing the likelihood that ~~you~~holders of our common stock would receive a premium for your shares of our common stock in an acquisition.

Our amended and restated certificate of incorporation designates the Court of Chancery of the State of Delaware and, with respect to certain matters, the federal district courts of the United States of America as the exclusive forums for substantially all disputes between us and our stockholders, which could restrict our stockholders’ ability to choose the judicial forum for disputes with us or our directors, officers, or employees.

Our amended and restated certificate of incorporation provides that the Court of Chancery of the State of Delaware (or, if and only if the Court of Chancery of the State of Delaware lacks subject matter jurisdiction, any state court located within the State of Delaware or, if and only if all such state courts lack subject matter jurisdiction, the federal district court for the District of Delaware) is the exclusive forum for ~~the following types of~~certain actions or proceedings under Delaware law, statutory or common ~~law:~~law, including: any derivative action or proceeding brought on our behalf; any action asserting a breach of a fiduciary duty; any action asserting a claim against us arising pursuant to the ~~Delaware General Corporation Law,~~DGCL, our amended and restated certificate of incorporation or our amended and restated bylaws; any action as to which the ~~Delaware General Corporation Law~~DCGL confers jurisdiction to the court of Chancery of the State of Delaware; or any action asserting a claim against us that is governed by the internal affairs doctrine. The provisions would not apply to suits brought to enforce a duty or liability created by the Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, or the Exchange Act, or any other claim for which federal courts have exclusive jurisdiction.

Furthermore, Section 22 of the Securities Act creates concurrent jurisdiction for federal and state courts over all such Securities Act actions. Accordingly, both state and federal courts have jurisdiction to entertain such claims. To prevent having to litigate claims in multiple jurisdictions and the threat of inconsistent or contrary rulings by different courts, among other considerations our amended and restated certificate of incorporation provides that the federal district courts of the United States of America will be the exclusive forum for resolving any complaint asserting a cause of action arising under the Securities Act.

These choice of forum provisions may limit a stockholder’s ability to bring a claim in a judicial forum that it finds favorable for disputes with us or our directors, officers or other employees, which may discourage lawsuits against us and our directors, officers and other employees. While Delaware courts have determined that such choice of forum provisions are facially valid, a stockholder may nevertheless seek to bring such a claim arising under the Securities Act against us and our directors, officers or other employees in a venue other than in the federal district courts of the United States of America. In such instance, we would expect our efforts to ~~vigorously assert~~defend the validity and enforceability of ~~the exclusive forum~~such provisions ~~of our amended and restated certificate of incorporation. This~~ may require further significant additional costs associated with resolving the dispute in other jurisdictions and there can be no assurance that the provisions will be enforced by a court in those other jurisdictions, any of which could seriously harm our business.

We lease our corporate headquarters located at 3601 South Congress Avenue, Austin, Texas, where we occupy approximately 9,100 square feet of office space pursuant to a lease that expires in April 2026, with an option to extend this lease for a period of five years. We own our shell egg processing facility in Springfield, Missouri totaling approximately ~~82,000~~153,000 square feet, which we refer to as Egg Central ~~Station, and we are in the process of expanding this facility.~~Station. We also lease approximately 92,000 square feet of warehouse space in Springfield, Missouri, which provides access to 10,000 pallet spaces pursuant to a lease that expires in September 2023. WeWhile we believe that our current facilities are suitable and adequate to meet our current ~~needs.~~ needs, we have recently announced that we have begun the design and site selection process for our next egg packing center.

We are subject to various legal proceedings and claims that arise in the ordinary course of our business. Although the outcome of these and other claims cannot be predicted with certainty, we do not believe the ultimate resolution of the current matters will have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition, results of operations or cash flows.

Item 5. Market for Registrant’s Common Equity, Related Stockholder Matters and Issuer Purchases of Equity ~~Securities.~~Securities

Our common stock began trading on the Nasdaq Global Market on July 31, 2020, under the symbol “VITL.” Prior to that time, there was no public market for our common stock.

As of March ~~7, 2022,~~6, 2023, we had ~~approximately 13~~11 holders of record of our common stock. Certain shares are held in “street” name and accordingly, the number of beneficial owners of such shares is not known or included in the foregoing number. This number of holders of record also does not include stockholders whose shares may be held in trust by other entities.

We declared cash dividends on our common stock in June 2013 totaling approximately $0.3 million. We cannot provide any assurance that we will declare or pay cash dividends on our capital stock in the future. In addition, our ability to pay dividends on our capital stock may be subject to limitations under the terms of our credit facility agreement with PNC Bank, National Association, or the Credit Facility, or other credit facilities we may enter into from time to time. See Note 1011 to our consolidated financial statements included elsewhere in this Annual Report for additional information on the Credit Facility. We currently intend to retain all available funds and future earnings, if any, to fund the development and expansion of our business, and we do not anticipate declaring or paying any cash dividends in the foreseeable future. Any future determination regarding the declaration and payment of dividends, if any, will be at the discretion of our board of directors and will depend on then-existing conditions, including our financial condition, operating results, contractual restrictions (including in our then-existing debt arrangements), capital requirements, business prospects and other factors our board of directors may deem relevant.

The following performance graph shows a comparison from July 31, 2020 (the date our common stock commenced trading on the Nasdaq Global Market) through December ~~26, 2021,~~25, 2022, of the cumulative total return for our common stock, the Nasdaq Composite Index and the Nasdaq US Smart Food & Beverage Index.

The graph assumes an initial investment of $100 on July 31, 2020. The comparisons in the graph are not intended to forecast or be indicative of possible future performance of our common stock. The performance graph and related information shall not be deemed “soliciting material” or to be “filed” with the SEC, nor shall such information be incorporated by reference into any future filing under the Securities Act or Exchange Act.

On August 4, 2020, we completed our IPO, in which we issued and sold 5,040,323 shares of our common stock and certain of our selling stockholders offered and sold 5,659,250 shares of our common stock at a price to the public of $22.00 per share. We received net proceeds from the IPO of approximately $99.7 million, after deducting underwriting discounts and commissions of $7.8 million and offering expenses of $3.4 million. None of the expenses associated with the IPO were paid to directors, officers, persons owning 10% or more of any class of equity securities, or to their associates. Goldman Sachs & Co. LLC, Morgan Stanley and Credit Suisse Securities (USA) LLC acted as joint lead bookrunning managers for the IPO. Jefferies, BMO Capital Markets Corp. and Stifel, Nicolaus & Company, Incorporated acted as bookrunning managers for the IPO.

Shares of our common stock began trading on the Nasdaq Global Market on July 31, 2020. The offer and sale of the shares were registered under the Securities Act on Registration Statement on Form S-1 (Registration No. 333-239772), which was declared effective on July 30, 2020.

There has been no material change in the planned use of proceeds from our IPO as described in ~~the~~this Annual Report. We invested the funds received in cash equivalents and other marketable securities in accordance with our investment policy. As of December ~~26, 2021,~~25, 2022, we have used an aggregate of ~~$25.9~~$34.8 million of the IPO proceeds, including $7.3 million to pay off our term loan, $1.9 million to pay off our equipment loan in 2020 and ~~$16.7~~$25.6 million for capital expenditures. See Note 1011 to our consolidated financial statements included elsewhere in this Annual Report for additional information on the Credit Facility.

Item 7. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of ~~Operations.~~Operations

The following discussion contains forward-looking statements that involve risks and uncertainties. Our actual results may differ materially from those discussed in the forward-looking statements as a result of various factors, including those set forth in Part I, Item 1A, “Risk Factors,” and ~~“Note~~“Special Note Regarding Forward-Looking Statements” included elsewhere in this Annual Report. The following discussion and analysis of our financial condition and results of operations should be read in conjunction with our audited financial statements and related notes included elsewhere in this Annual Report.

Our mission is to bring ethical food to the table, and we are disrupting the U.S. food system by developing a framework that challenges the norms of the incumbent food model, allowing us to bring high-quality products from our network of family farms to a national audience. This framework has enabled us to become the leading U.S. brand of pasture-raised eggs ~~and butter~~ and the second largest U.S. egg brand by retail dollar sales. Our ethics are exemplified by our focus on animal welfare and sustainable farming practices. We believe our standards produce happy hens with varied diets, which produce better eggs. There is a seismic shift in consumer demand for natural, traceable, clean-label, great-tasting and nutritious foods. Supported by a steadfast adherence to the values on which we were founded, we have designed our brand and products to appeal to this consumer movement.

Our purpose is rooted in a commitment to Conscious Capitalism, which prioritizes the long-term benefits of each of our stakeholders (farmers and suppliers, customers and consumers, communities and the environment, crew members and stockholders). We make decisions based on what’s sustainable for all our stakeholders. ~~Simply put, we will not be a sustainable business if our stakeholders are not sustainable as well.~~ Our collective sustainable business practices will enable us to fulfill our purpose of improving the lives of people, animals, and the planet through food, now and long into the future. For us, it is not about short-term outcomes or a trade-off between purpose and profit. We are fierce business competitors who believe that prioritizing the long-term viability of all stakeholders will produce stronger outcomes, for everyone, over time. These principles guide our day-to-day operations and, we believe, help us deliver a more sustainable and successful business. Our approach has been validated by our financial performance and ~~our designation and January 2022~~ recertification as a Certified B Corporation in January 2022, a certification reserved for businesses that balance profit and purpose to meet the highest verified standards of social and environmental performance, public transparency and legal accountability.

We source our products from a network of ~~more than 275~~over 300 family farms. We have strategically designed our supply chain to ensure high production standards and optimal year-round operation. We are motivated by the positive impact we have on rural communities and enjoy a strong relationship and reputation with our network of farmers.

We primarily work with our farms pursuant to buy-sell contracts. Under these arrangements, the farmer is responsible for all of the working capital and investments required to produce the eggs and manage the farm, including purchasing the birds and feed supply. We are contractually obligated to purchase all of the eggs produced by the farmer during the term of the contract at an agreed-upon price that depends upon pallet weight and is indexed quarterly in arrears for changes in feed cost.

We believe we are a strategic and valuable partner to retailers. We have continued to command premium prices for our products, including our shell ~~eggs, which sell for as much as three times the price of commodity~~ eggs. Our loyal and growing consumer base has fueled the expansion of our brand from the natural channel to the mainstream channel. We believe the success of our brand demonstrates that consumers are demanding premium products that meet a higher ethical standard of food production. We have a strong presence at Kroger, Sprouts, ~~Farmers Market, or Sprouts,~~ Target and Whole Foods, and we also sell our products at Albertsons, Publix and Walmart. We offer 3225 retail stock keeping units, or SKUs through a multi-channel retail distribution network. We believe we have significant room for growth within the retail and ~~in the medium- to long-term,~~ foodservice channels through growing brand awareness, gaining additional points of distribution and new product innovation.

Our shell eggs are collected from farmers by a third-party freight carrier and placed in cold storage until we pack them for shipping to our customers at our state-of-the-art shell egg processing facility, Egg Central Station. Egg Central Station is approximately ~~82,000~~153,000 square feet and utilizes highly automated equipment to grade and package our shell egg products. Egg Central Station is capable of packing ~~three~~approximately six million eggs per day and has achieved Safe Quality Food, or SQF Good rating, the highest level of such certification from the Global Food Safety Initiative. In addition, as of January 2020, Egg Central Station is the only egg facility to receive, and we are one of only six companies globally to have received, the SQFI Select Site certification.

Our products are distributed through a broker-distributor-retailer network whereby brokers represent our products to distributors and retailers who will in turn sell our products to consumers. We serve the majority of natural channel customers through food distributors, such as UNFI, ~~and~~ US Foods and KeHE, which purchase, store, sell and deliver our products to Whole Foods (UNFI and US Foods) and Sprouts (KeHE). In the fiscal years ended December 26, 2021, December 27, 2020, and December 29, 2019, UNFI accounted for approximately 18%, 15%, and 35% of our net revenue, respectively, US Foods accounted for approximately 14%, 18%, and less than 10% of our net revenue, respectively, and KeHE accounted for approximately 10%, 12%, and 11% of our net revenue,

~~respectively.~~ We serve mainstream retailers by arranging for delivery of our products directly through their distribution centers. We also leverage distributor relationships to fulfill orders for certain independent grocers and other customers. UNFI, US Foods and KeHE sales as a percentage of the Company's net revenue is presented below:

The increase in the percentage of net revenue for UNFI for fiscal 2022 is due to a net shift in the Company’s distribution channels away from US Foods during fiscal 2021. The decrease in percentage of net revenue for KeHE is due to general shifts in the Company's distribution channels.

We have experienced consistent sales growth. We had net revenue of ~~$260.9~~$362.1 million and ~~$214.3~~$260.9 million, net income of ~~$2.4~~$1.2 million and ~~$8.8~~$2.4 million, and Adjusted EBITDA of ~~$8.0~~$16.2 million and ~~$16.8~~$8.0 million in the fiscal years ended December 25, 2022 and December 26, 2021, ~~and December 27, 2020,~~ respectively. Adjusted EBITDA is a non-GAAP financial measure. See the section titled “—Non-GAAP Financial ~~Measure—~~Measures—Adjusted EBITDA” below for the definition of Adjusted EBITDA, as well as a reconciliation of Adjusted EBITDA to net income, the most directly comparable financial measure stated in accordance with GAAP.

Since the initial outbreaks of HPAI in early 2022, we ~~completed our initial public offering, or IPO, of~~ ~~10,699,573~~ ~~shares of common stock at an offering price of $22.00~~ ~~per share. We issued and sold 5,040,323 shares of common stock and~~have been closely following the selling stockholders sold 5,659,250 shares of common stock, including 1,395,596 shares of common stock sold by the selling stockholders pursuant to the underwriters’ exercise in full of their option to purchase additional shares. We received gross proceeds of approximately $~~110.9 million~~ ~~before deducting underwriting discounts, commissions and offering related transaction costs; we did not receive any proceeds from the sale of shares by the selling stockholders. Upon the closing~~progression of the ~~IPO in August 2020, all~~virus and working with our farmers, veterinarians, government health officials and animal welfare auditors to ensure that our flocks are kept as safe as possible. To date, we have experienced outbreaks at two of our ~~then-outstanding shares~~farms, one located in Missouri and one in Tennessee. While we have not experienced material disruptions to our egg supply due to HPAI outbreaks, if a substantial portion of ~~redeemable convertible preferred stock automatically converted into 8,192,876 shares~~our farms or production facilities were affected, this could materially and negatively affect our supply chain and operating results. Additionally, HPAI has resulted in supply shortages and price increases across the egg market. We are confident in the measures we have taken to reduce the risk of ~~common stock~~HPAI on ~~a one-for-one basis. Following~~our farms and production facilities, as well as our ability to mitigate impacts on supply. However, given continued uncertainty about future outbreaks and governmental responses to such outbreaks, we cannot predict the ~~closing of the IPO, there were no shares of redeemable convertible preferred stock outstanding.~~ultimate impact that HPAI will have on our business.

~~In November 2020, we completed a secondary public offering of 5,000,000 shares of common stock sold by selling stockholders, from which no proceeds were received~~Inflation and ~~expenses incurred totaled $0.5 million.~~Economic Uncertainties

As the COVID-19 pandemic continued in the fiscal year ended December 26, 2021, we continued to maintain a cross-functional task force and execute on business continuity plans designed to address and mitigate the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic onThe recent trends towards rising inflation may also materially affect our business and corresponding financial position and cash flows. Inflationary factors, such as increases in the cost of materials and supplies, interest rates and overhead costs, may adversely affect our ~~stakeholders, comprised of farmers~~operating results. Rising interest rates also present a recent challenge impacting the U.S. economy and ~~suppliers, customers~~could make it more difficult for us to obtain traditional financing on acceptable terms, if at all, in the future. Additionally, the general consensus among economists suggests that we should expect a higher recession risk to continue over the next year, which, together with the foregoing, could result in further economic uncertainty and ~~consumers, communities~~volatility in the capital markets in the near term, and could negatively affect our operations. Furthermore, such economic conditions have produced downward pressure on share prices. We have experienced and may continue to experience increases in our operating costs, including our labor costs and research and development costs, due to supply chain constraints, consequences associated with COVID-19 and the ~~environment, crew members~~ongoing war between Russia and ~~stockholders. While we are not experiencing material adverse impacts at this time, given~~Ukraine, and employee availability and wage increases, which may result in additional stress on the overall disruption of global supply chains and distribution systems and the other risks and uncertainties associated with the pandemic, our business, financial condition, results of operations and growth prospects could be materially and adversely affected.Company’s working capital resources. We continue to closely monitor the COVID-19 situation as we evolve our business continuity plans and response strategy. In March 2020, the majority of our crew members at our headquarters transitioned to working remotely, and we have subsequently decided to permit such crew members to work remotely on a permanent basis. The efficacy of vaccinations, the timing of the development of herd immunity, the potential emergence of new variants of the SARS-CoV-2 variant and the prospect of additional shelter in place and similar movement restrictions are unknown, and further virus mutations and variants may have an adverse impact on our business.

Egg Central Station continues to be operational and we have implemented a number of measures to prevent and mitigate any outbreak of COVID-19 at that facility; however, we may need to modify or reduce operations due to the evolving effects of the COVID-19 pandemic. We continue to follow the COVID-19 protocol and preventative measures we have implemented at Egg Central Station to protect the health and safety of our crew members, customers and community.

~~We are working~~ closely with our farmers, suppliers and third-party manufacturers to manage our supply chain activities and mitigate potential disruptions to our product supplies as a result of ~~the COVID-19 pandemic.~~supply chain disruptions associated with such uncertainties. We currently expect to have an adequate supply of eggs, butter, packaging, and freight to meet anticipated demand ~~in fiscal 2022,~~through mid-2023, as well as adequate capacity for ~~packing~~packaging and processing our eggs.

~~Additionally, as a result of the COVID-19 pandemic, there have been recent disruptions in the U.S. cream supply, including significant volatility of prices~~48

Liquidity and demand, hauling challenges due to labor shortages and ongoing financial pressures in milk cooperatives. We have worked with our co-manufacturers to mitigate these supply disruptions, and as a result there has been no impact on our ability to fill customer orders for butter or ghee products, although we expect that these supply disruptions will continue for the foreseeable future and that they may be further exacerbated by the ongoing effects of the COVID-19 pandemic. If the COVID-19 pandemic continues to persist for an extended period of time and further impacts egg or cream supply, or disrupts our essential distribution systems, we could experience disruptions to our supply chain and operations, and associated delays in the manufacturing and supply of our products, which would adversely impact our ability to generate sales of and revenues from our products.Capital Resources Overview

With cash and cash equivalents of ~~$31.0~~$12.9 million as of December ~~26, 2021~~25, 2022 and access to additional funds held as ~~a result of our IPO~~investment securities and available borrowing under our credit facility agreement with PNC Bank, National Association, or the Credit Facility, we anticipate having sufficient liquidity to make investments in our business ~~this fiscal year in~~to support of our long-term growth strategy. ~~Our IPO, which was completed on August 4, 2020, resulted in net proceeds to us of approximately $99.7 million, after deducting underwriting discounts,~~

~~commissions and offering costs associated with the offering.~~ We expect that our cash and cash equivalents as of December ~~26, 2021,~~25, 2022, together with cash provided by our operating activities and availability of borrowings under our existing Credit Facility, will be sufficient to fund our operating expenses for at least the next 12 months and to make investments in our business in support of our long-term growth strategy.

Our future capital requirements will depend on many factors, including our pace of new and existing customer growth, our investments in innovation, our investments in acquisitions or other growth opportunities, our investments in partnerships and unexplored channels and ~~the~~ongoing costs associated with expansions of our ~~expansion of Egg Central Station.~~production capacity. We may be required to seek additional equity or debt financing. However, a significant disruption of global financial markets (including a disruption due to ~~the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic)~~public health pandemics, geopolitical tensions and wars, inflation or other factors) may result in our inability to access additional capital, which could in the future negatively affect our operations. In the event that we require additional financing, we may not be able to raise such financing on terms acceptable to us or at all. If we are unable to raise additional capital or generate cash flows necessary to expand our operations and invest in continued innovation and product expansion, we may not be able to compete successfully, which would harm our business, operations and results of operations. For additional information, see the section titled "Liquidity and Capital Resources" below.

We report on a 52-53-week fiscal year, ending on the last Sunday in December, effective beginning with the first quarter of fiscal 2018. In a 52-53-week fiscal year, each fiscal quarter consists of 13 weeks. The additional week in a 53-week fiscal year is added to the fourth quarter, making such quarter consist of 14 weeks. Our first 53-week fiscal year will be this year, fiscal 2023, which we expect to begin on December 26, 2022 and end on December 31, 2023. See “Nature of the Business and Basis of Presentation” in Note 1 to our audited consolidated financial statements included elsewhere in this Annual Report for additional details related to our fiscal calendar.

We believe that the growth of our business and our future success are dependent upon many factors. While each of these factors presents significant opportunities for us, they also pose important challenges that we must successfully address to enable us to sustain the growth of our business and improve our results of operations.

We have positioned our brand to capitalize on growing consumer interest in natural, clean-label, traceable, ethical, great-tasting and nutritious foods. We believe there is substantial opportunity to grow our consumer base and increase the velocity at which households purchase our products. U.S. household penetration for the shell egg category is approximately 98%, while the household penetration for our shell eggs is approximately ~~5.0%~~7.0%. We intend to increase household penetration by continuing to invest significantly in sales and marketing to educate consumers about our brand, our values and the premium quality of our products. We believe these efforts will educate consumers on the attractive attributes of our products, generate further demand for our products and ultimately expand our consumer base. Our ability to attract new consumers will depend, among other things, on the perceived value and quality of our products, the offerings of our competitors and the effectiveness of our marketing efforts. Our performance depends significantly on factors that may affect the level and pattern of consumer spending in the U.S. natural food market in which we operate. Such factors include consumer preference, consumer confidence, consumer income, consumer perception of the safety and quality of our products and shifts in the perceived value for our products relative to alternatives.

We believe that our ability to increase the number of customers that sell our products to consumers is an indicator of our market penetration and our future business opportunities. We define our customers as the entities that sell our products to consumers. With certain of our retail customers, like Whole Foods, ~~and Sprouts,~~ we sell our products through distributors. We are not able to precisely attribute our net revenue to a specific retailer for products sold through such channels. We rely on third-party data to calculate the portion of retail sales attributable to such retailers, but this data is inherently imprecise because it is based on gross sales generated by our products sold at retailers, without accounting for price concessions, promotional activities or chargebacks, and because it measures retail sales for only the portion of our retailers serviced through distributors. Based on this third-party data and internal analysis, Whole Foods accounted for approximately ~~29%~~23% and ~~28%~~29% of our retail sales for the fiscal years ended December 25, 2022 and December 26, 2021, ~~and December 27, 2020, respectively, and Sprouts accounted for approximately 7% and 7%~~respectively. While the amount of our retail sales ~~for~~to Whole Foods increased in real terms in the fiscal ~~years~~year ended December ~~26, 2021~~25, 2022, the percentage of our net revenue attributable to Whole Foods declined in these periods as we added new customers and ~~December 27, 2020, respectively.~~expanded distribution to existing customers.

As of December ~~2021,~~2022, there were more than ~~20,900~~22,000 stores selling our products. We expect the retail channel to be our largest source of net revenue for the foreseeable future. By capturing greater shelf space, driving higher product velocities and increasing our SKU count, we believe there is meaningful runway for further growth with existing retail customers. Additionally, we believe there is significant opportunity to gain incremental stores from existing customers as well as by adding new retail customers. We also believe there is significant further long-term opportunity in additional distribution channels, including the convenience, drugstore, club, military and international markets. Our ability to execute on this strategy will increase our opportunities for incremental sales to consumers, and we also believe this growth will allow for margin expansion. To accomplish these objectives, we intend to continue leveraging consumer awareness of and demand for our brand, offering targeted sales incentives to our customers and utilizing customer-specific marketing tactics. Our ability to grow within the retail channel will depend on a number of factors, such as our customers’ satisfaction with the sales, product velocities and profitability of our products.

We believe there is significant demand for our products in the foodservice channel since we offer versatile ingredients with high menu penetrations across all commercial and non-commercial operator segments. We see considerable opportunity ~~for~~to continue to grow the channel in the medium- to long-term ~~growth in this channel by increasing~~with our ~~category market share through~~two-pronged sales approach to values-aligned foodservice operators and their distributors. We are working with Waypoint, a foodservice sales and marketing agency in the consumer-packaged goods industry, to increase our ~~broadline~~category share in broad-line distribution and ~~presence in~~to get on national and regional restaurant ~~chains.~~ chain menus.

We believe that most U.S. consumers' food preferences are driven primarily by what they encounter on restaurant menus, so we are also leveraging foodservice as a critical consumer touchpoint to drive brand awareness and ~~purchase rates of our products in the retail channel.~~build trust. We are investing in co-marketing to reach new households. We believe ~~that joint marketing tactics are~~co-branding is mutually beneficial ~~for our operator partners~~to us and foodservice operators as we believe it helps to differentiate their brands, enhance their perceived customer value and drive repeat traffic.

A multi-unit example from our successful foodservice program is True Food Kitchen, an award-winning restaurant brand and a pioneer of wellness-driven dining with 43 locations across the United States, that shares our ~~products~~values for improving the lives of people, animals, and ~~on-menu branding can help operators differentiate themselves, increase check sizes and drive loyalty in an industry still recovering from~~ the pandemic and its macro-economic impacts. An example of our recent foodservice growth initiative is our relationship with HomeState, a Texas kitchen in Southern California which sells breakfast tacos made exclusively with our liquid whole eggs across 4 restaurant locations.planet through ethically produced food. We have launched similar relationships with national chains, including Hopdoddy Burger Bar and Original ChopShop. Additionally, we have regional ~~partnerships~~chain collaborations in all ~~4 of~~four or our U.S. sales regions, including Blue Plate Restaurant Company, a casual dining group comprised of 7 concepts in the Minneapolis/St. Paul area; Cafe Patachou, a breakfast and lunch restaurant based in the Indianapolis, Indiana area with 5 locations; King David Tacos, which sells breakfast tacos made exclusively with our medium shell eggs at their 3 locations and more than 20 retail outlets around New York City; Pura Vida, a fresh all-day concept in the Miami, Florida area with 9 locations; Hat Creek Burger Company, a fast-casual restaurant with over 26 locations across Texas; territories. Several examples include:

We intend to continue to strengthen our product offerings by investing in innovation in new and existing categories. We have a history of product introductions and intend to continue to innovate by introducing new products from time to time. Eggs and egg-related products generated ~~$240.0~~$339.2 million, or approximately ~~92%~~94%, of net revenue in fiscal ~~2021.~~2022. We expect eggs and egg-related products will be our largest source of net revenue for the foreseeable future. We believe that investments in innovation will contribute to our long-term growth, including by reinforcing our efforts to increase household penetration. Our ability to successfully develop, market and sell new products will depend on a variety of factors, including the availability of capital to invest in innovation, as well as changing consumer preferences and demand for food products.

We generate net revenue primarily from sales of our products, including eggs and butter, to our customers, which include natural retailers, mainstream retailers and foodservice ~~partners.~~customers. We sell our products to customers on a purchase-order basis. We serve the majority of our natural channel customers and certain independent grocers and other customers through food distributors, which purchase, store, sell and deliver our products to these customers.

We periodically offer sales incentives to our customers, including rebates, temporary price reductions, off-invoice discounts, retailer advertisements, product coupons and other trade activities. We record a provision for sales incentives at the later of the date at which the related revenue is recognized or when the sales incentive is offered. At the end of each accounting period, we recognize a liability for an estimated promotional allowance reserve. We periodically provide credits or discounts to our customers in the event that products do not conform to customer expectations upon delivery or expire at a customer’s site. We treat these credits and discounts as a reduction of the sales price of the related transaction at the time of sale. We anticipate that these promotional activities, credits and discounts could impact our net revenue and that changes in such activities could impact period-over-period results.

Our shell eggs are sold to consumers at a premium price point, and when prices for commodity shell eggs fall relative to the price of our shell eggs (including due to any price increases we may implement), price-sensitive consumers may choose to purchase commodity shell eggs offered by our competitors instead of our eggs. As a result, low commodity shell egg prices may adversely affect our net revenue. For example, we increased prices on certain of our products in January 2022, May 2022 and January 2023. While we have not seen significant decreases in sales volume due to previous price increases, if we further increase prices to offset higher commodity prices or other costs, we could experience lower demand for our products, decreased ability to attract new customers and lower sales volumes. Net revenue may also vary from period to period depending on the purchase orders we receive, the volume and mix of our products sold, and the channels through which our products are sold.

Selling, general and administrative expenses consist primarily of broker and contractor fees for sales and marketing, ~~and~~as well as personnel costs for sales and marketing, finance, human resources and other administrative functions, ~~consisting of~~including salaries, benefits, bonuses, stock-based compensation expense and sales commissions. Selling, general and administrative expenses also include advertising and digital media costs, agency fees, travel and entertainment costs, and costs associated with consumer promotions, product samples, sales aids incurred to acquire new customers, retain existing customers and build our brand awareness, overhead costs for facilities, including associated depreciation and amortization expenses, and information technology-related expenses.

Shipping and distribution expenses consist primarily of costs related to third-party freight for our products. We expect shipping and distribution expenses to increase in absolute dollars in the medium-to-long term as we continue to scale our business.

The following table sets forth our results of operations for the periods presented (in thousands):

The following table sets forth our consolidated statements of operations data expressed as a percentage of net revenue for the periods presented:

Fiscal Year Ended December ~~26, 2021~~25, 2022 Compared to Fiscal Year Ended December ~~27, 2020~~26, 2021

The increase in net revenue of ~~$46.6~~$101.1 million, or ~~22%~~39%, was primarily driven by volume-related increases of $74.4 million and price increases of $26.8 million. Additionally, there was an increase in egg-related product sales of ~~$43.8~~$99.2 million and an increase in butter-related product sales of ~~$3.4~~$1.9 million. The increases in egg and butter-related sales were primarily due to volume increases to our distributors as well as new distributions to new and existing customers. Net revenue from sales through our retail channel was ~~$256.5~~$348.9 million and ~~$208.5~~$256.5 million for fiscal ~~2021~~2022 and ~~2020,~~2021, respectively.

The increase in gross profit of ~~$8.4~~$26.5 million, or ~~11%~~32%, was driven by ~~an increase in~~higher net revenue generated during the fiscal year ended December ~~26, 2021.~~25, 2022. The decrease in gross margin during the fiscal year ended December ~~26, 2021~~25, 2022 as compared to the fiscal year ended December ~~27, 2020~~26, 2021 was primarily driven by an increase in input costs (including costs of organic feed and increased farmer pay) across our shell ~~business~~egg and ~~higher cream prices impacting~~butter businesses, increases in packaging costs and increases in transportation costs. Increased pricing on our organic shell egg and butter ~~business. Elevated transportation rates also increased our internal transfer expense. Promotional activity and slotting continued to normalize, further compressing margins.~~businesses at the end of January 2022, along with additional pricing increases across the entire portfolio in May 2022, partially offset the input cost headwinds.

Selling, general, and administrative expenses increased by ~~$10.5~~$19.4 million in fiscal ~~2021,~~2022, with such expenses accounting for ~~22%~~21% of net revenue. The dollar growth in selling, general and administrative expenses was primarily driven by:

The increase in shipping and distribution expenses of ~~$10.1~~$5.1 million, or ~~68%~~21%, was driven by higher sales volumes and freight rates. We are beginning to see freight rates stabilize due to a combination of steadying line haul rates and internal operational efficiency.

The increase of $611,000 in interest income, or 160%, was primarily driven by higher ~~outbound freight rates that resulted in increased costs for our products and, to a lesser extent, higher sales volumes in 2021.~~

~~The increase of $440,000 in other expense, net, or 512%, was primarily driven~~ ~~by losses on asset write-offs~~interest income in the ~~prior year that did not recur during the current~~ fiscal year ~~and interest income from~~ended December 25, 2022 on our available-for-sale ~~debt~~ securities ~~that we originally purchased in October 2020.~~ portfolio.

The ~~decrease~~change in income tax provision (benefit) of ~~$(4.8)~~$3.6 million, or ~~(173)%~~179%, was primarily driven by ~~the~~higher pre-tax income in 2022 and favorable tax ~~impact of non-qualified~~benefits from stock option exercises ~~and disqualifying dispositions of incentive stock options~~in the prior year which have not recurred at the same levels during ~~2021.~~

~~Net (Loss) Income Attributable to Noncontrolling Interests~~the fiscal year ended December 25, 2022.

The decrease of $131,000 in net income attributable to noncontrolling interests, or (156)%, was primarily driven by the release of a bonus reserve in 2020 that was ultimately not paid out. This activity did not reoccur in 2021.

Fiscal Year Ended December ~~27, 2020~~26, 2021 Compared to Fiscal Year Ended December ~~29, 2019~~27, 2020

For the discussion of the financial condition and results of operations for the fiscal year ended December 26, 2021 compared to the fiscal year ended December 27, 2020, ~~compared to the year ended December 29, 2019,~~ refer to “Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations—Components of Results of Operations” in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December ~~27, 2020,~~26, 2021, filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on March ~~24, 2021.~~10, 2022.

We report our financial results in accordance with GAAP. However, management believes that Adjusted EBITDA, a non-GAAP financial measure, provides investors with additional useful information in evaluating our performance.

We calculate Adjusted EBITDA as net income (loss), adjusted to exclude: ~~(1) depreciation~~

Adjusted EBITDA is a financial measure that is not required by, or presented in accordance with, GAAP. We believe that Adjusted EBITDA, when taken together with our financial results presented in accordance with GAAP, provides meaningful supplemental information regarding our operating performance and facilitates internal comparisons of our historical operating performance on a more consistent basis by excluding certain items that may not be indicative of our business, results of operations or outlook. In particular, we believe that the use of Adjusted EBITDA is helpful to our investors as it is a measure used by management in assessing the health of our business, determining incentive compensation and evaluating our operating performance, as well as for internal planning and forecasting purposes.

Adjusted EBITDA is presented for supplemental informational purposes only, has limitations as an analytical tool and should not be considered in isolation or as a substitute for financial information presented in accordance with GAAP. Some of the limitations of Adjusted EBITDA include ~~that (1) it~~the following:

In addition, our use of Adjusted EBITDA may not be comparable to similarly titled measures of other companies because they may not calculate Adjusted EBITDA in the same manner, limiting its usefulness as a comparative measure. Because of these limitations, when evaluating our performance, you should consider Adjusted EBITDA alongside other financial measures, including our net income and other results stated in accordance with GAAP.

The following table presents a reconciliation of Adjusted EBITDA to net income, the most directly comparable financial measure stated in accordance with GAAP, for the periods presented:

Since inception, we have funded our operations with proceeds from sales of our capital stock, proceeds from borrowings and cash flows from the sale of our products. We had net income of ~~$2.4~~$1.2 million for the fiscal year ended December ~~26, 2021~~25, 2022 and retained earnings of ~~$2.7~~$4.2 million as of December ~~26, 2021.~~25, 2022. We completed our IPO on August 4, 2020, resulting in net proceeds to us of approximately $99.7 million, after deducting underwriting discounts, commissions and offering costs associated with the offering.

We expect that our cash and cash equivalents, together with cash provided by our operating activities and available borrowings under our existing Credit Facility, will be sufficient to fund our operating expenses for at least the next 12 months. We further believe that we will be able to fund potential operating expenses and cash obligations beyond the next 12 months, through a combination of existing cash and cash equivalents, cash provided by our operating activities and access to additional funds held as investment securities as well as available borrowing under our Credit Facility.

Our future capital requirements will depend on many factors, including our pace of new and existing customer growth, our investments in innovation, our investments in acquisitions, partnerships and unexplored channels and the potential costs associated with ~~our~~further expansion of ~~Egg Central Station.~~our processing capacity. As of December ~~26, 2021, we expect to spend $25.8~~25, 2022, future minimum lease payments under non-cancelable operating leases totaled $2.2 million ~~including approximately $6.3 million yet to be spent,~~ and ~~we anticipate the expansion to be complete in mid-2022.~~future minimum lease payments under non-cancelable finance leases totaled $9.9 million.

We originally entered into our Credit Facility with PNC Bank, National Association, or PNC Bank, in October 2017. The Credit Facility initially included a ~~$7.9~~$4.7 million term loan, a ~~$15.0~~$10.0 million revolving line of credit and an equipment loan with a maximum borrowing capacity of ~~$3.0~~$1.5 million.

Subsequently, terms of the Credit Facility were modified at various times ~~throughout~~between fiscal ~~2018-2021 which~~2018 and fiscal 2022. Such amendments (i) amended various definitions, (ii) waived a technical default in May 2020 which was triggered by exceeding the capital expenditure limit, ~~and~~ (iii) increased borrowing capacity and (iv) extended the maturity date. The Ninth Amendment to the Credit Facility in April 2021 eliminated the term loan and equipment loan. The Tenth Amendment to the Credit Agreement in December 2022 modified certain covenants related to commodity hedging, consented to the dissolution of immaterial subsidiaries and implemented changes related to the discontinuation of LIBOR. The revolving line of credit matures in April 2024.

The maximum borrowing capacity under the revolving line of credit is $20.0 million. Interest on borrowings under the revolving line of credit, as well as loan advances thereunder, accrues at a rate, at our election at the time of borrowing, equal to (i) ~~LIBOR~~the secured overnight financing rate as administered by the Federal Reserve Bank of New York plus 2.00% or (ii) 1.00% plus the alternate base ~~rate.~~rate, as defined in the Credit Facility. In April 2020, all then-outstanding amounts under the ~~Revolving Line~~revolving line of ~~Credit~~credit were repaid and the interest rate applicable to borrowings under the revolving line of credit was 4.5%.

The Credit Facility is secured by all of our assets (other than real property and certain other property excluded pursuant to the terms of the Credit Facility) and requires us to maintain three financial covenants: a fixed charge coverage ratio, a leverage ratio and a minimum tangible net worth requirement. The Credit Facility also contains various covenants relating to limitations on indebtedness, acquisitions, mergers, consolidations, the sale of properties and liens. As a result of the limitations contained in the Credit Facility,

certain of the net assets on our consolidated balance sheet as of December ~~26, 2021~~25, 2022 are restricted in use. The Credit Facility contains other customary covenants, representations and events of default.

As of December ~~26, 2021,~~25, 2022, there was no outstanding balance under the Credit Facility. As of December ~~26, 2021,~~25, 2022, we were in compliance with all covenants under the Credit Facility. See “Long-Term Debt” in Note 1011 to our consolidated financial statements included elsewhere in this Annual Report for additional details related to our Credit Facility.

~~In fiscal 2021, net cash provided by~~Cash flows related to operating activities ~~was $16.3 million and was primarily driven by~~are dependent on net income, ~~of $2.4 million, total~~ non-cash ~~items of $5.7 million,~~adjustments to net income, and changes in working capital. Net cash used in operating activities during the fiscal year ended December 25, 2022 is primarily due to an increase in ~~net~~cash used for working capital items of $8.2 million. Non-cash items primarily consisted of depreciation and amortization of $3.5 million, non-cash stock-based compensation expense of $4.4 million and deferred income taxes of $(2.5) million.capital. The ~~change~~increase in ~~net~~cash used for working capital ~~items~~ was primarily due to a $6.8 million increase in accounts payable and a $1.4 million decrease in income taxes receivable, partially offset by a $0.4 million decrease in prepaid taxes and other current assets, a $6.1 million(i) an increase in accounts receivable as a result of significantly higher sales in the current fiscal year, (ii) a significant increase in inventory to support the ongoing growth of our business and ~~a $4.0 million~~improve our ability to meet increasing demand, and (iii) an increase in accrued ~~liabilities. The reduction~~liabilities for promotional spending to drive continued sales growth, employee related accruals, and marketing and broker commission accruals.

Net cash used in ~~prepaid expenses and other current assets were~~investing activities during the fiscal year ended December 25, 2022 is primarily due to a reduction in ~~prepaid marketing campaign assets year over year.~~ ~~The increases in accounts payable were primarily due to an increase in amounts due~~capital spending related to our ~~partner farms combined with an increase~~expansion of Egg Central Station that was completed in ~~vendor payables in the normal course of business.~~fiscal 2022. The ~~increases in accrued liabilities were primarily due to accrued capital expenditure costs and accrued promotions offset by decreases in accrued payroll.~~

In fiscal 2020, net cash provided by operating activities was $11.7 million and was primarily driven by net income of $8.8 million, total non-cash items of $6.7 million, and a decrease in net working capital items of $3.9 million. Non-cash items primarily consisted of depreciation and amortization of $2.6 million, non-cash stock-based compensation expense of $2.5 million and deferred income taxes of $1.8 million. The change in net working capital items was primarily due to a $1.8 million increase in accounts payable, a $0.2 million decrease in income taxes receivable, partially offset by a $2.3 million increase in prepaids and other current assets, a $4.7 million increase in accounts receivable, and a $1.2 million increase in accrued liabilities. The increases in prepaid expenses and other current assets were primarily due to prepaid insurance offset by a reduction in prepaid transaction costs associated with our IPO. The increases in accounts payable were primarily due to an increase in amounts due to our partner farms. The increases in accrued liabilities were primarily due to increases in accrued payroll and accrued promotions, offset by lower accruals related to the timing of vendor invoices.

~~In fiscal 2021,~~ net cash used in investing activities ~~was $17.1 million resulting primarily from $52.0 million~~for purchases, sales and maturities of ~~purchases of~~our available-for-sale debt securities ~~and $16.7 million of purchases of property, plant and equipment used in ongoing operations, offset by $51.6 million of sales, maturities and redemptions of available-for-sale securities~~during the fiscal year ended December 25, 2022 compared to the prior fiscal year is immaterial.

~~net cash used in investing activities was~~ ~~$77.8 million,~~ resulting primarily from $68.4 million of purchases of available-for-sale securities and $18.3 million of purchases of property, plant and equipment used in ongoing operations, offset by $0.8 million received from repayment of notes receivable from related parties.

~~In fiscal 2021, net~~Net cash provided by financing activities ~~was $2.2 million which~~during the fiscal year ended December 25, 2022 is primarily ~~consisted~~comprised of ~~net~~ proceeds ~~of $2.8 million~~ from the exercise of stock options in the current fiscal year, partially offset by ~~$0.5 million of repayments of our capital lease obligations.~~

~~In fiscal 2020, net cash provided by financing activities was~~ ~~$94.4 million, which primarily consisted of net proceeds of $99.7 million from the issuance~~ of common stock from our IPO, $6.5 million from borrowings under the Credit Facility, $0.3 million from the exercise of warrants and proceeds of $0.2 million from the exercise of stock options, partially offset by $11.6 million of repayments under our Credit Facility, and $0.5 million of repayments of our capitalprincipal payments on finance lease obligations.

~~The following table summarizes our contractual obligations as of December 26, 2021:~~

As of December 26, 2021, the Company has one capital lease obligation. The monthly lease payments, which include base rent charges of approximately $41, will extend through the termination of the lease, which expires August 2022.

As of December 26, 2021, the Company was leasing approximately 92,000 square feet of warehouse space in Springfield, Missouri for 10,000 rentable pallet spaces. The monthly lease payments, which include base rent charges of $79, are subject to periodic rent increases through September 2023.

As of December 26,2021, the Company was leasing approximately 9,100 square feet of office space and parking spaces in Austin, Texas. The lease expires in April 2026. The Company has the option to extend the lease agreement for successive periods up to five years. The monthly lease payments, which include base rent charges of $19, are subject to periodic rent increases through April 2026.

As of December 26, 2021, in connection lwith our expansion of Egg Central Station, we expect to spend $25.8 million, including approximately $6.3 million yet to be spent, and we anticipate the expansion to be complete in mid-2022.

We purchase our egg inventories under long-term supply contracts with farms. Purchase commitments contained in these arrangements are variable dependent upon the quantity of eggs produced by the farms. As a result, these commitments have been excluded from the contractual obligations and commitments disclosed above. In addition, substantially all of the long-term supply contracts with farms contain components that meet the definition of embedded leases under ASC Topic 840, ~~Leases~~. As total purchase commitments contained under these arrangements are variable, the amount attributable to the lease component are contingent rentals, and there are no minimum lease payments associated with these long-term supply contracts. See Note 18 to our consolidated financial statements ~~included elsewhere in this Annual Report~~ ~~for additional details related to our long-term supply contracts with farms.~~

Demand for our products fluctuates in response to seasonal factors. Demand tends to increase with the start of the school year and is highest prior to holiday periods, particularly Thanksgiving, Christmas and Easter and the lowest during the summer months. As a result of these seasonal and quarterly fluctuations, comparisons of our sales and results of operations between different quarters within a single fiscal year are not necessarily meaningful comparisons.

The preparation of our consolidated financial statements in conformity with GAAP requires us to make estimates and judgments that affect the amounts reported in the financial statements and related notes thereto. Critical accounting estimates are those estimates that, in accordance with GAAP, involve a significant level of estimation uncertainty and have had or are reasonably likely to have a material impact on our consolidated financial statements. Management has determined that our most critical accounting estimates are those relating to revenue recognition and trade promotions, income taxes, and contingencies. Although we believe that the estimates we use are reasonable, due to the inherent uncertainty involved in making these estimates, actual results reported in future periods could differ materially from those estimates. The following is a summary of certain accounting estimates we consider critical. For further discussion about our accounting policies, see Note 2 to our consolidated financial statements appearing elsewhere in ~~the~~this Annual ~~Report on Form 10-K.~~
Report.

We recognize revenue for the sale of our product at the point in time when our performance obligation has been satisfied and control of the product has transferred to our customer, which generally occurs upon delivery to the customer based on terms of the sale. Revenue is measured by the transaction price, which is defined as the amount of consideration we expect to receive in exchange for providing goods to customers. The transaction price is adjusted for estimates of known or expected variable consideration, which include trade promotions as well as ~~allowances~~chargebacks such as coupons, discounts, rebates, spoils, and other programs. Variable consideration related to these programs is recorded as a reduction to revenue, at the time of sale, based on the amount we expect to incur.

The transaction price contains estimates of known or expected variable consideration. We base these estimates on current performance and historical utilization or experience. We review and update these estimates regularly until the incentives or product returns are realized and the impact of any adjustments are recognized in the period the adjustments are identified.

We do not believe it is reasonably likely that there will be a material change in the estimates or assumptions used to recognize revenue. As noted above, estimates are made based on historical experience and other factors. Typically, programs that are offered have a short duration and historical differences between actual experience compared to estimated volumes, performance and redemptions have not been significant to the quarterly or annual financial statements. However, if the level of redemption rates, volumes or performance were to vary significantly from our estimates, we may be exposed to gains or losses that could be material. We have not made any material changes in the accounting methodology used to recognize revenue during the past three fiscal years.

We determine our effective tax rate by estimating ~~its~~our permanent differences resulting from differing treatment of items for financial and income tax purposes. We are periodically audited by taxing authorities and ~~considers~~consider any adjustments made as a result of the audits in computing our income tax expense. Any audit adjustments affecting permanent differences could have an impact on our effective tax rate.

Deferred income taxes relate primarily to depreciation expense and share-based compensation programs accounted for differently for financial and income tax purposes. Changes in tax laws and rates could materially affect recorded deferred tax assets and liabilities in the future. Valuation allowances are recorded when it is more likely than not that a tax benefit will not be realized for a deferred tax asset. Changes in projected future earnings could affect our recorded valuation allowances, if any, in the future.

We record unrecognized tax benefit liabilities for known or anticipated tax issues based on our analysis of whether, and the extent to which, additional taxes will be due. However, due to the complexity of some of these uncertainties, the ultimate resolution may result in a payment that is materially different from the current estimate of the tax liabilities. To the extent we prevail in matters for which unrecognized tax benefit liabilities have been established or are required to pay amounts in excess of our recorded liability, our effective tax rate in a given financial statement period could be materially affected.

We recognize the costs of legal defense for the legal proceedings to which we are a party during the periods in which the costs are incurred. After considerable analysis of the facts and circumstances of each case, we determine the amount of reserves required, if any. We evaluate whether a loss contingency exists, and if the assessment of a contingency indicates it is probable that a material loss has been incurred and the amount of the loss can be reasonably estimated, the estimated loss would be accrued.

~~At this time, we have not accrued any~~There were no loss contingency reserves for ~~any legal proceedings.~~the past three fiscal years. Future reserves may be required if losses are deemed reasonably estimable and probable due to changes in our assumptions, the effectiveness of legal strategies, or other factors beyond our control. Future results of operations may be materially affected by the creation of reserves or by accruals of losses to reflect any adverse determinations in these legal proceedings.

See the sections titled “Summary of Significant Accounting Policies—Recently Adopted Accounting Pronouncements” and “—Recently Issued Accounting Pronouncements Not Yet Adopted” in Note 2 to our consolidated financial statements included elsewhere in this Annual Report for a discussion of recent accounting pronouncements.

In April 2012, the JOBS Act was enacted. Section 107 of the JOBS Act provides that an “emerging growth company” may take advantage of the extended transition period provided in Section 7(a)(2)(B) of the Securities Act for complying with new or revised accounting standards. Therefore, an emerging growth company can delay the adoption of certain accounting standards until those standards would otherwise apply to private companies. We have elected to use the extended transition period under the JOBS Act. Accordingly, our financial statements may not be comparable to the financial statements of public companies that comply with such new or revised accounting standards.

We are exposed to market risks in the ordinary course of our business. Market risk represents the risk of loss that may impact our financial position due to adverse changes in financial market prices and rates. Our market risk exposure is primarily the result of fluctuations in ~~raw materials, ingredients, inflation~~commodity prices and interest rates.

The packaging materials used for our products include cardboard, glass, corrugated fiberboard, kraft paper, flexible plastic, flexible film and paperboard. These raw materials are subject to price fluctuations that may create price risk. A hypothetical 10% increase or decrease in the weighted-average cost of these raw materials as of December 26, 2021 would have resulted in an increase or decrease to cost of sales for the year ended December 26, 2021 of approximately $2.1 million. We seek to mitigate the impact of raw materials cost increases by negotiating pricing agreements. We strive to offset the impact of raw materials cost increases with a combination of cost savings initiatives and efficiencies and price increases to our customers.

We source our eggs and cream for our products from our network of family farms. The price we pay to purchase shell eggs from farmers fluctuates based on pallet weight, and under our buy-sell contracts, which account for ~~98%~~all of the laying hens in our network of family farms as of December ~~26, 2021,~~25, 2022, the price we pay is also indexed quarterly in arrears for changes in feed cost, which may cause our agreed-upon pricing under these contracts to fluctuate on a quarterly basis. Under the remainder of our contracts, we are directly responsible for purchasing feed. Either type of contract subjects us to risk of price fluctuations in feed ingredients, primarily consisting of corn and soy. During January 2023, we entered into commodity hedging programs with respect to organic and conventional corn and soy feed ingredients. The price we pay for cream is subject to butter commodity fluctuations. ~~We do not attempt to hedge against fluctuations in the prices of these ingredients by using future, forward, option or other derivative instruments.~~ A hypothetical 10% increase or decrease in the weighted-average cost of these ingredients across our product lines as of December ~~26, 2021~~25, 2022 would have resulted in an increase or decrease to cost of sales for the fiscal year ended December ~~26, 2021~~25, 2022 of approximately ~~$4.9~~$7.5 million. We strive to offset the impact of ingredient cost increases with a combination of cost savings initiatives and efficiencies and price increases to our customers.

IfThe packaging materials used for our ~~costs were to become~~products include cardboard, glass, corrugated fiberboard, kraft paper, flexible film and paperboard. These raw materials are subject to ~~significant inflationary pressures, we~~price fluctuations that may ~~not be able~~create price risk. A hypothetical 10% increase or decrease in the weighted-average cost of these raw materials as of December 25, 2022 would have resulted in an increase or decrease to ~~fully offset such higher costs through~~cost of sales for the fiscal year ended December 25, 2022 of approximately $2.8 million. We seek to mitigate the impact of raw materials cost increases with a combination of negotiated pricing agreements, cost savings initiatives and efficiencies and price ~~increases. Our inability or failure~~increases to ~~do so could harm~~ our ~~business, results of operations and financial condition.~~customers.

We are subject to interest rate risk in connection with our credit facility agreement with PNC Bank, National Association, or the Credit Facility. See the section titled “—Liquidity and Capital Resources—Credit Facility” above for additional details related to our Credit Facility. Based on the average interest rate on the instruments under the Credit Facility during the fiscal year ended December ~~26, 2021,~~25, 2022, and to the extent that borrowings were outstanding, we do not believe that a hypothetical 10% change in the interest rate would have a material effect on our results of operations or financial condition for the fiscal year ended December ~~26, 2021.~~25, 2022.

Our interest-earning instruments also carry a degree of interest rate risk. As of December ~~26, 2021,~~25, 2022, we had cash and cash equivalents of ~~$31.0~~$12.9 million and investments in available for sale securities of ~~$68.6~~$65.8 million. As of December 25, 2022, the effective maturity of our investment securities available for sale was approximately 12 months and the composite credit rating of the holdings is A2 on the Moody's rating scale.

We do not enter into investments for trading or speculative purposes and have not used any derivative financial instruments to manage our interest rate risk ~~exposure.~~

All of our sales are denominated in U.S. dollars, and therefore our net revenue is not currently subject to significant foreign currency risk. We purchase certain equipment from foreign countries, and the cost related to this equipment is denominated in the currency of the applicable country. Additionally, to the extent our sourcing strategy changes or we commence generating revenue outside of the United States that is denominated in currencies other than the U.S. dollar, our results of operations could be impacted by changes in exchange rates. To date, we have not entered into any hedging arrangements with respect to foreign currency risk or other derivative financial instruments, although we may choose to do so in the future. A hypothetical 10% change in the relative value of the U.S. dollar to other currencies would not have had a material effect on our results of operations forexposure during the fiscal year ended December ~~26, 2021.~~25, 2022.

We have audited the accompanying consolidated balance sheets of Vital Farms, Inc. and subsidiaries (the Company) as of December ~~26, 2021~~25, 2022 and December ~~27, 2020,~~26, 2021, the related consolidated statements of operations, comprehensive income, redeemable convertible preferred stock, redeemable noncontrolling interest and stockholders’ equity, and cash flows for each of the years in the three-year period ended December ~~26, 2021,~~25, 2022, and the related notes (collectively, the consolidated financial statements). In our opinion, the consolidated financial statements present fairly, in all material respects, the financial position of the Company as of December ~~26, 2021~~25, 2022 and December ~~27, 2020,~~26, 2021, and the results of its operations and its cash flows for each of the years in the three-year period ended December ~~26, 2021,~~25, 2022, in conformity with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles.

These consolidated financial statements are the responsibility of the Company’s management. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on these consolidated financial statements based on our audits. We are a public accounting firm registered with the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States) (PCAOB) and are required to be independent with respect to the Company in accordance with the U.S. federal securities laws and the applicable rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission and the PCAOB.

We conducted our audits in accordance with the standards of the PCAOB. Those standards require that we plan and perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the consolidated financial statements are free of material misstatement, whether due to error or fraud. The Company is not required to have, nor were we engaged to perform, an audit of its internal control over financial reporting. As part of our audits, we are required to obtain an understanding of internal control over financial reporting but not for the purpose of expressing an opinion on the effectiveness of the Company’s internal control over financial reporting. Accordingly, we express no such opinion.

Our audits included performing procedures to assess the risks of material misstatement of the consolidated financial statements, whether due to error or fraud, and performing procedures that respond to those risks. Such procedures included examining, on a test basis, evidence regarding the amounts and disclosures in the consolidated financial statements. Our audits also included evaluating the accounting principles used and significant estimates made by management, as well as evaluating the overall presentation of the consolidated financial statements. We believe that our audits provide a reasonable basis for our opinion.

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF REDEEMABLE CONVERTIBLE PREFERRED STOCK, REDEEMABLE NONCONTROLLING INTEREST AND STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY

	Redeemable Convertible Preferred Stock						Redeemable Noncontrolling Interest		Common Stock					Treasury Stock						Additional Paid-In			Retained Earnings			Accumulated Other Comprehensive			Total Stockholders’ Equity Attributable to Vital Farms, Inc.			Noncontrolling			Total Stockholders’
	Shares			Amount			Amount		Shares			Amount		Shares			Amount			Capital			(Deficit)			Loss			Stockholders’			Interests			Equity			Redeemable Convertible Preferred Stock						Redeemable Noncontrolling Interest		Common Stock					Treasury Stock						Additional Paid-In			Retained Earnings			Accumulated Other Comprehensive			Total Stockholders’ Equity Attributable to Vital Farms, Inc.			Noncontrolling			Total Stockholders’
Balances at December 30, 2018		8,192,876		$	23,036		$	175		28,461,978		$	3		(2,642,148	)	$	(1,987	)	$	4,245		$	2,854		$	—		$	5,115		$	(848	)	$	4,267
Issuance of common stock, net of issuance costs of $903		—			—			—		2,815,012			—		—			—			14,097			—			—			14,097			—			14,097
Exercise of stock options		—			—			—		152,908			—		—			—			222			—			—			222			—			222
Repurchase of common stock		—			—			—		—			—		(2,852,770	)		(14,289	)		—			—			—			(14,289	)		—			(14,289	)
Stock-based compensation expense		—			—			—		—			—		—			—			1,029			—			—			1,029			—			1,029
Net income attributable to non- controlling interests - stockholders		—			—			—		—			—		—			—			—			—			—			—			927			927
Net income attributable to Vital Farms, Inc.		—			—			—		—			—		—			—			—			2,385			—			2,385			—			2,385
																																						Shares			Amount			Amount		Shares			Amount		Shares			Amount			Capital			(Deficit)			Loss			Stockholders			Interests			Equity
Balances at December 29, 2019		8,192,876		$	23,036		$	175		31,429,898		$	3		(5,494,918	)	$	(16,276	)	$	19,593		$	5,239		$	—		$	8,559		$	79		$	8,638			8,192,876		$	23,036		$	175		31,429,898		$	3		(5,494,918	)	$	(16,276	)	$	19,593		$	5,239		$	—		$	8,559		$	79		$	8,638
Issuance of common stock pursuant to initial public offering, net of issuance costs of 12,215		—			—			—		5,040,323			1		—			—			98,670			—			—			98,671			—			98,671			—			—			—		5,040,323			1		—			—			98,670			—			—			98,671			—			98,671
Issuance of common stock upon conversion of preferred stock		(8,192,876	)		(23,036	)		—		8,192,876			1		—			—			23,035			—			—			23,036			—			23,036			(8,192,876	)		(23,036	)		—		8,192,876			1		—			—			23,035			—			—			23,036			—			23,036
Exercise of stock options		—			—			—		75,964			—		—			—			221			—			—			221			—			221			—			—			—		75,964			—		—			—			221			—			—			221			—			221
Exercise of warrant		—			—			—		196,800			—		—			—			283			—			—			283			—			283			—			—			—		196,800			—		—			—			283			—			—			283			—			283
Vested restricted stock		—			—			—		3,097			—		—			—			—			—			—			—			—			—
Vesting of restricted stock units																																							—			—			—		3,097			—		—			—			—			—			—			—			—			—
Stock-based compensation expense		—			—			—		—			—		—			—			2,509			—			—			2,509			—			2,509			—			—			—		—			—		—			—			2,509			—			—			2,509			—			2,509
Net income attributable to non- controlling interests - stockholders		—			—			—		—			—		—			—			—			—			—						83			83
Net income attributable to noncontrolling interests - stockholders																																							—			—			—		—			—		—			—			—			—			—			—			83			83
Other comprehensive loss, net		—			—			—		—			—		—			—			—			—			(31	)		(31	)		—			(31	)		—			—			—		—			—		—			—			—			—			(31	)		(31	)		—			(31	)
Net income attributable to Vital Farms, Inc.		—			—			—		—			—		—			—			—			8,800			—			8,800			—			8,800
Net income attributable to Vital Farms, Inc. stockholders																																							—			—			—		—			—		—			—			—			8,800			—			8,800			—			8,800
Balances at December 27, 2020		—		$	—		$	175		44,938,958		$	5		(5,494,918	)	$	(16,276	)	$	144,311		$	14,039		$	(31	)	$	142,048		$	162		$	142,210			—		$	—		$	175		44,938,958		$	5		(5,494,918	)	$	(16,276	)	$	144,311		$	14,039		$	(31	)	$	142,048		$	162		$	142,210
Exercise of stock options		—			—			—		1,034,929			—		—			—			2,803			—			—			2,803			—			2,803			—			—			—		1,034,929			—		—			—			2,803			—			—			2,803			—			2,803
Vesting of restricted stock		—			—			—		15,000			—		—			—			—			—			—			0			—			0
Vesting of restricted stock units																																							—			—			—		15,000			—		—			—			—			—			—			—			—			—
Stock-based compensation expense		—			—			—		—			—		—			—			4,440			—			—			4,440			—			4,440			—			—			—		—			—		—			—			4,440			—			—			4,440			—			4,440
Net loss attributable to non-controlling interests - stockholders		—			—			—		—			—		—			—			—			—			—			0			(47	)		(47	)
Net loss attributable to noncontrolling interests - stockholders																																							—			—			—		—			—		—			—			—			—			—			—			(47	)		(47	)
Retirement of treasury stock		—			—			—		(5,494,918	)		—		5,494,918			16,276			(2,554	)		(13,722	)		—			—			—			—			—			—			—		(5,494,918	)		—		5,494,918			16,276			(2,554	)		(13,722	)		—			—			—			—
Other comprehensive loss, net		—			—			—		—			—		—			—			—			—			(250	)		(250	)		—			(250	)		—			—			—		—			—		—			—			—			—			(250	)		(250	)		—			(250	)
Net income attributable to Vital Farms, Inc.		—			—			—		—			—		—			—			—			2,429			—			2,429			—			2,429
Net income attributable to Vital Farms, Inc. stockholders																																							—			—			—		—			—		—			—			—			2,429			—			2,429			—			2,429
Balances at December 26, 2021		—		$	—		$	175		40,493,969		$	5		—		$	—		$	149,000		$	2,746		$	(281	)	$	151,470		$	115		$	151,585			—		$	—		$	175		40,493,969		$	5		—		$	—		$	149,000		$	2,746		$	(281	)	$	151,470		$	115		$	151,585

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF ~~CASH FLOWS~~REDEEMABLE CONVERTIBLE PREFERRED STOCK, REDEEMABLE NONCONTROLLING INTEREST AND STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY

Fiscal Year Ended

December 26,
2021

December 27,
2020

December 29,
2019

Cash flows provided by operating activities:

Net income

$
2,382

$
8,884

$
3,312

Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash provided by operating activities:

Depreciation and amortization

3,540

2,550

1,921

Amortization of debt issuance costs

—

68

9

Bad debt expense (recovery)

73

(108
)

304

Inventory provisions

224

16

189

Change in fair value of contingent consideration

44

(333
)

70

Stock-based compensation expense

4,440

2,509

1,029

Loss on write-off of construction in progress

173

259

—

Deferred taxes

(2,536
)

1,782

52

Non-cash interest income

(229
)

(33
)

—

Changes in operating assets and liabilities:

Accounts receivable

(6,078
)

(4,718
)

(6,182
)
Inventories

1,733

29

(9,270
)
Income taxes receivable

1,354

61

(1,563
)
Prepaid expenses and other current assets

426

(2,255
)

(582
)
Deposits and other assets

(46
)

11

93

Accounts payable

6,796

1,807

3,192

Accrued liabilities and other liabilities

4,029

1,173

2,074

Net cash provided by (used in) operating activities

$
16,325

$
11,702

$
(5,352
)
Cash flows used in investing activities:

Purchases of property, plant and equipment

(16,711
)

(10,300
)

(4,799
)
Purchases of available-for-sale debt securities

(52,017
)

(68,388
)

—

Sales, maturities, and call redemptions of available-for-sale debt securities

51,645

—

—

Proceeds from the sale of property, plant and equipment

—

—

7

Notes receivable provided to related parties

—

—

(4,031
)
Repayment of notes receivable provided to related parties

—

846

3,200

Net cash used in investing activities

$
(17,083
)

$
(77,842
)

$
(5,623
)
Cash flows provided by (used in) financing activities:

Proceeds from issuance of common stock pursuant to the initial public offering, net of
issuance costs

—

99,671

—

Proceeds from borrowings under term loan

—

5,000

—

Proceeds from borrowings under equipment loan

—

1,461

587

Proceeds from Paycheck Protection Program loan

—

2,593

—

Proceeds from issuance of redeemable noncontrolling interest

—

—

14,097

Proceeds from borrowing under revolving line of credit

—

—

1,325

Repayment of revolving line of credit

—

(1,325
)

—

Repayment of equipment loan

—

(2,015
)

—

Repayment of term loan

—

(8,245
)

(671
)
Repayment of Paycheck Protection Program loan

—

(2,593
)

—

Repurchase of common stock

—

—

(14,289
)
Payment of contingent consideration

(152
)

(192
)

(409
)
Principal payments under finance lease obligation

(471
)

(449
)

(428
)
Proceeds from exercise of stock options

2,803

221

222

Proceeds from exercise of warrant

—

283

—

Net cash provided by (used in) financing activities

$
2,180

$
94,410

$
434

Net increase in cash and cash equivalents

$
1,422

$
28,270

$
(10,541
)
Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of the period

29,544

1,274

11,815

Cash and cash equivalents at end of the period

$
30,966

$
29,544

$
1,274

Supplemental disclosure of cash flow information:

Cash paid for interest

$
43

$
414

$
340

Cash paid for income taxes

$
102

$
2,214

$
2,256

Supplemental disclosure of non-cash investing and financing
activities:

Purchases of property, plant and equipment included in accounts payable and accrued liabilities

$
1,493

$
167

$
928

Deferred offering costs in accounts payable and accrued liabilities

$
-

$
-

$
1,001

1. Nature of the Business and Basis of Presentation

Vital Farms, Inc. ~~(“Vital Farms”~~(the "Company," "we," "us" or ~~“the Company”~~"our") was incorporated in Delaware on June 6, 2013 and is headquartered in Austin, Texas. ~~Vital Farms~~The Company packages, markets and distributes shell eggs, butter and other products. These products are sold under the trade names Vital Farms ~~Alfresco Farms, Lucky Ladies~~ and RedHill Farms, primarily to retail and foodservice channels in the United States.

Vital Farms of Missouri, LLC, Backyard Eggs, LLC, Barn Door Farms, LLC, Sagebrush Foodservice, LLC and Vital Farms, LLC rewere, as of the fiscal year ended December 25, 2022, all wholly owned subsidiaries of Vital Farms. Each such subsidiary (other than Vital Farms of Missouri, LLC) was dissolved during the fiscal quarter ending March 26, 2023. All significant intercompany transactions and balances have been eliminated in the audited consolidated financial statements.

The accompanying consolidated financial statements have been prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America (“U.S. GAAP” or “GAAP”) and pursuant to the rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”). Certain information and note disclosures normally included in financial statements prepared in accordance with U.S. GAAP have been condensed or omitted pursuant to such rules and regulations.

Fiscal Year: The Company’s fiscal year ends on the last Sunday in December and contains either 52 or 53 weeks. Therefore, the financial results of certain 53-week years will not be exactly comparable to the prior and subsequent 52-week years. The fiscal years ended December 25, 2022, December 26, 2021, and December 27, 2020 ~~and December 29, 2019~~ all contain operating results for 52 weeks.

~~Impact of COVID-19 Pandemic:~~ Due to the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic, the Company has implemented business continuity plans designed to address and mitigate the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the Company’s business. The Company does not currently anticipate that the COVID-19 pandemic will have a material impact on the timelines for the Company’s product development and expansion efforts. However, the extent to which the COVID-19 pandemic impacts the Company’s business, product development and expansion efforts, corporate development objectives and the value of and market for the Company’s common stock will depend on future developments that are highly uncertain and cannot be predicted with confidence at this time, such as the ultimate duration of the pandemic, travel restrictions, quarantines, social distancing and business closure requirements in the United States, and the effectiveness of actions taken globally to contain and treat the disease, including the roll-out of vaccines. The global economic slowdown, the overall disruption of global supply chains and distribution systems and the other risks and uncertainties associated with the pandemic could have a material adverse effect on the Company’s business, financial condition, results of operations and growth prospects.

Forward Stock Split: In July 2020, the board of directors and the stockholders of the Company approved a ~~2.46-for-1~~2.46-for-1 forward stock split of the Company’s outstanding common stock and preferred stock, which was effected on July 22, 2020. Stockholders entitled to fractional shares as a result of the forward stock split received a cash payment in lieu of receiving fractional shares. All common stock, preferred stock, and per share information has been retroactively adjusted to give effect to this forward stock split for all periods presented. Shares of common stock underlying outstanding stock options and other equity instruments were proportionately increased and the respective per share value and exercise prices, if applicable, were proportionately decreased in accordance with the terms of the agreements governing such securities. There were no changes in the par values of the Company’s common stock and preferred stock as a result of the forward stock split.

Initial Public Offering: In August 2020, the Company completed its initial public offering (“IPO”) of 10,699,573shares of common stock at an offering price of $22.00per share. The Company offered 5,040,323 shares of common stock and the selling stockholders offered an additional 5,659,250 shares of common stock, including the underwriter’s option to purchase up to an additional 1,395,596 shares of common stock from the selling stockholders. The Company received gross proceeds of approximately $110,887 before deducting underwriting discounts, commissions and offering related transaction costs; the Company did not receive any proceeds from the sale of shares by the selling stockholders. Upon the closing of the IPO in August 2020, all of the then-outstanding shares of preferred stock automatically converted into 8,192,876 shares of common stock on a one-for-one basis. Subsequent to the closing of the IPO, there were 0no shares of preferred stock outstanding. The consolidated financial statements as of December ~~26, 2021,~~25, 2022, including share and per share amounts, include the effects of the IPO.

Secondary Public Offering: In November 2020, the Company completed a secondary public offering of 5,000,000 shares of common stock from selling stockholders in which 0no proceeds from the sale of shares were received by the Company and the Company incurred ~~$0.5~~$0.5 million of expenses.

Use of Estimates: The preparation of financial statements in conformity with GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting period. Such estimates principally include revenue recognition, determination of useful lives for property and equipment, trade spend accruals, goodwill, allowance for doubtful accounts, inventory obsolescence, ~~valuation of common stock prior to IPO,~~ stock option valuations, ~~accrual~~accrued liabilities and income taxes. Actual results could differ from those estimates.

The increase in the percentage of net revenue for Customer A for fiscal ~~2021~~2022 is due a net shift in the Company’s distribution channels away from Customer B ~~to Customer A~~ during the fiscal year ended December 26, 2021. ~~Net~~The decrease in percentage of net revenue for ~~Customers~~Customer C and D ~~increased from 2020~~is due to ~~2021; however, growth from other existing customers and new customers resulted~~shifts in ~~net revenue from Customers C and D comprising a lower percentage of total net revenue~~.the Company's distribution channels.

Cash and Cash Equivalents: The Company considers all short-term, highly liquid investments purchased with an original maturity of three months or less at the date of purchase to be cash equivalents. Cash deposits are all in financial institutions in the United States. As of December ~~26, 2021,~~25, 2022, cash and cash equivalents consisted of cash on deposit with balances denominated in U.S. dollars and investments in money market funds.

Investment Securities: The Company accounts for its investment securities in accordance with ASC ~~Topic~~ 320, Investments-Debt and Equity Securities. The Company considers all of its debt securities for which there is a determinable fair market value, and there are no restrictions on the Company's ability to sell within the next 12 months, as available-for-sale. We ~~have classified~~classify these securities as current, because the amounts invested are available for current operations. Available-for-sale securities are carried at fair value, with unrealized gains and losses, ~~reported as a separate component~~net of ~~stockholders' equity.~~tax, recorded in other comprehensive income until the security is settled or sold.

The amortized cost of debt securities is adjusted for amortization of premiums and accretion of discounts to maturity. Such amortization is recorded in interest income. The cost of securities sold is based on the specific identification ~~method. Realized~~method with realized gains and losses on the sale of debt securities and declines in value due to credit-related factors, ~~are~~reclassified out of accumulated other comprehensive income when sold and recorded in other income. Income tax effects related to realized gains and losses on available-for-sale securities are released from accumulated other comprehensive income quarterly with the recognition of the Company's tax provision. Interest and dividends on securities classified as available-for-sale are recorded in interest income.

Variable Interest Entity: The Company consolidates all entities where a controlling financial interest exists. The Company has considered its relationships with a certain entity to determine whether the Company has a variable interest in that entity, and if so, whether the Company is the primary beneficiary of the relationship. GAAP requires variable interest entities (“VIEs”) to be consolidated if an entity’s interest in the VIE is a controlling financial interest. Under the variable model, a controlling financial interest is determined based on which entity, if any, has (i) the power to direct the activities of the VIE that most significantly impacts the VIE’s economic performance and (ii) the obligations to absorb losses that could potentially be significant to the VIE or the right to receive benefits from the VIE that could potentially be significant to the VIE.

Management performs ongoing reassessments of whether changes in the facts and circumstances regarding the Company’s involvement with a VIE will cause the consolidation conclusion to change. The consolidation status of a VIE may change as a result of such reassessments. Changes in consolidation status are applied prospectively in accordance with GAAP.

Segment Information: The Company operates and manages its business as 1one reportable and operating segment. The Company’s chief executive officer, who is the chief operating decision maker, reviews financial information on an aggregate basis for purposes of evaluating financial performance and allocating resources. All of the Company’s long-lived assets and customers are located in the United States.

Fair Value of Financial Instruments: Fair value is defined as the price that would be received to sell an asset or paid to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction between market participants at the measurement date. The three levels of inputs that may be used to measure fair value are defined below:

•

Level 1 - Quoted prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities.

•

~~Level 1 - Quoted prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities.~~

•

Level 2 - Inputs other than quoted prices included in Level 1 that are observable for the asset or liability, such as quoted prices for similar assets or liabilities, quoted prices in markets that are not active, or other inputs that are observable or can be corroborated by observable market data for substantially the full term of the assets or liabilities.

•

Level 3 - Unobservable inputs that are supported by little or no market activity that are significant to determining the fair value of the assets or liabilities, including pricing models, discounted cash flow methodologies and similar techniques.

•

The carrying values of cash and cash equivalents, accounts receivable, accounts payable, accrued expenses and other current liabilities approximate their fair values due to the short-term nature of these assets and liabilities.

Accounts Receivable: Accounts receivable are stated at ~~invoice~~net realizable value. This value ~~less~~includes an appropriate allowance for estimated ~~allowances~~uncollectible accounts to reflect any anticipated losses on the accounts receivable balances and charged to the allowance for doubtful accounts. The Company establishes an allowance for doubtful accounts as losses are estimated to have occurred through a provision for bad debts charged to earnings. Losses are charged against the allowance when management believes the receivable is no longer collectible. These losses have been immaterial to date. Subsequent recoveries, if any, are credited to the allowance. The allowance for doubtful accounts is evaluated on a regular basis by management and is based on the credit risk of specific customers, past collection history, and management’s evaluation of accounts receivable. The evaluation is inherently subjective, as it requires estimates that are susceptible to significant revision as more information becomes available. ~~As of December 26, 2021 and December 27, 2020,~~The Company generally does not have collateral for its receivables, but the Company ~~recorded an allowance for doubtful accounts~~does periodically evaluate the creditworthiness of ~~$269 and $196 in the accompanying consolidated balance sheets.~~its customers.

Inventories: Inventories are stated at the lower of cost (determined under the first-in, first-out method) or net realizable value. In addition to product cost, inventory costs include expenditures such as in-bound shipping and handling and warehousing costs incurred in bringing the inventory to its existing condition and location. Inventory includes eggs and ~~egg related~~egg-related products, butter and ~~butter related~~butter-related products, packaging, feed, laying hens, pullets, ~~merchandise~~ and equipment parts. A reduction in the carrying value of an inventory item from cost to net realizable value is recorded in cost of goods sold with the offset to inventory. Any inventory that does not meet the quality control standards of the Company is separated and written down to its net realizable value.

Property, Plant and ~~Equipment, Net:~~ Equipment: Property, plant and equipment are stated at cost, net of accumulated depreciation and amortization. Depreciation and amortization are computed using the straight-line method over the estimated useful lives. The general range of useful lives of other property, plant and equipment is as follows:



		Estimated Useful Life
Land		N/A
~~Building and~~Land improvements		39 15 to 20 years
~~Vehicles~~Buildings and improvements		515 to 39 years
~~Machinery and equipment~~Vehicles		~~2 to 7~~5 years
~~Furniture~~Machinery and ~~fixtures~~equipment		52 to 7 years
~~Leasehold improvements~~Furniture and fixtures		5 years
Leasehold improvements		Lesser of lease term or 5 years

When assets are sold or retired, the cost and related accumulated depreciation or amortization of assets disposed of are removed from the accounts, with any resulting gain or loss recorded in ~~other income (expense), net~~operations in the consolidated statements of operations. ~~Costs of~~Normal repairs and maintenance costs are expensed as ~~incurred.~~incurred to operations.

Goodwill: Goodwill represents the excess of cost over the fair value of the net tangible and identifiable intangible assets acquired in a business combination. Goodwill is not amortized but is tested for impairment annually on the first day of the fourth fiscal quarter or more frequently if events or changes in circumstances indicate that the asset may be impaired. The Company’s goodwill impairment test is performed at the enterprise level given the single reporting unit.

The Company first assesses qualitative factors to determine whether events or circumstances existed that would lead the Company to conclude that it is more likely than not that the fair value of the reporting unit is below its carrying amount. If the Company determines that it is more likely than not that the fair value of the reporting unit is below the carrying amount based on qualitative factors or if significant changes to macro-economic factors related to the reporting unit have occurred that could materially impact fair value, a quantitative goodwill assessment iswould be required. In the quantitative evaluation, the fair value of the reporting unit is determined and compared to the carrying value. If the fair value is greater than the carrying value, then the carrying value is deemed to be recoverable and no further action is required. If the fair value estimate is less than the carrying value, goodwill is considered impaired for the amount by which the carrying amount exceeds the reporting unit’s fair value and a charge is reported as impairment of goodwill in the consolidated statements of operations. To date, the Company has not recorded any impairment charges associated with its goodwill.

Impairment of Long-Lived Assets: The Company reviews the carrying value of property, plant and equipment for impairment whenever events and circumstances indicate the carrying value of an asset may not be recoverable from the estimated undiscounted future cash flows expected to result from its use and eventual disposition. In cases where undiscounted expected future cash flows are less than the carrying value, an impairment loss is recognized equal to an amount by which the carrying value exceeds the fair value of assets. The factors considered by management in performing this assessment include current operating results, trends and prospects and the effects of obsolescence, demand, competition and other economic factors. The Company did 0tnot recognize an impairment loss during the fiscal years ended December 25, 2022, December 26, 2021, and December 27, ~~2020, and December 29, 2019.~~2020.

Contingent Consideration: In connection with the Company’s acquisition of certain assets of Heartland Eggs, LLC in 2014, the Company was required to make royalty payments to prior owners of certain assets of Heartland Eggs. The royalty payments ~~are~~were contingent on the Company’s future purchase of eggs from supplier contracts that were acquired in the certain assets of Heartland Eggs acquisition. The royalty payments ~~are~~were deemed to be contingent because the future egg purchases ~~are~~were not guaranteed, and the timing and amount of any such purchases ~~are~~were unknown. The fair value of the contingent consideration was determined at the acquisition date using unobservable inputs (Level 3 inputs). These inputs included projected financial information, market volatility, risk-adjusted discount rates and timing of contractual payments. Subsequent to the acquisition date, at each reporting date, the contingent consideration liability iswas remeasured to fair value with changes in fair value recorded within selling, general and administrative expenses in the Company’s consolidated statements of operations. As of the second quarter of fiscal year 2022, this contingent liability was reduced to zero.

Noncontrolling Interest: The Company recognizes noncontrolling interest related to VIEs, in which the Company is the primary beneficiary, as equity in the consolidated financial statements separate from the parent entity’s equity. The amount of net income or loss attributable to noncontrolling interests is included in consolidated net income on the face of the consolidated statements of operations. Changes in the parent entity’s ownership interest in a subsidiary that do not result in deconsolidation are treated as equity transactions if the parent entity retains its controlling financial interest. In addition, when a subsidiary is deconsolidated, any retained noncontrolling equity investment in the former subsidiary will be initially measured at fair value and the difference between the carrying value and fair value of the retained interest will be recorded as a gain or loss. Affiliate equity interests where the Company has certain rights to demand settlement are presented at their current redemption values, as redeemable noncontrolling interest in the consolidated balance sheet. Because these transactions take place between entities under common control, any gains or losses attributable to these transactions are required to be included within additional paid-in-capital on the consolidated balance sheets.

Income Taxes: Income taxes are computed using the asset and liability approach that requires the recognition of deferred tax assets and liabilities for the expected future tax consequences of events that have been recognized in the consolidated financial statements. In estimating future tax consequences, the Company considers all expected future events other than enactment of changes in tax laws or rates. A valuation allowance is recorded, if necessary, to reduce net deferred tax assets to their realizable values if management does not believe it is more likely than not that the net deferred tax assets will be realized.

The Company follows the provisions of the authoritative guidance from the Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) on accounting for uncertainty in income taxes. These provisions provide a comprehensive model for the recognition, measurement and disclosure in financial statements of uncertain income tax positions that a company has taken or expects to take on a tax return. Under these provisions, a company can recognize the benefit of an income tax position only if it is more likely than not (greater than 50%) that the tax position will be sustained upon tax examination, based solely on the technical merits of the tax position. Otherwise, no benefit can be recognized. Assessing an uncertain tax position begins with the initial determination of the sustainability of the position and is measured at the largest amount of benefit that is greater than 50% likely of being realized upon ultimate settlement. As of each balance sheet date, unresolved uncertain tax positions must be reassessed. Additionally, the Company must accrue interest and related penalties, if applicable, on all tax exposures for which reserves have been established consistent with jurisdictional tax laws.

The Company’s policy is to recognize interest and penalties related to uncertain tax positions in the provision for income taxes. As of December ~~26, 2021~~25, 2022 and December ~~27, 2020~~26, 2021 the Company had 0 accrued interest orand penalties related to uncertain tax ~~positions.~~positions of $85 and $0.

Net Income (Loss) per Share Attributable to Vital Farms, Inc. Common Stockholders: The Company applies the two-class method to compute basic and diluted net income (loss) ~~income~~ per share attributable to the Company’s common stockholders when shares meet the definition of participating securities. The two-class method determines net income per share for each class of the Company’s common stock and Preferred Stock according to dividends declared or accumulated and participation rights in undistributed earnings. The two-class method requires income available to common stockholders for the period to be allocated between the Company’s common stock and Preferred Stock based upon their respective rights to share in the earnings as if all income for the period had been distributed. During periods of loss, there is no allocation required under the two-class method since the Preferred Stock does not have a contractual obligation to share in the Company’s losses.

Basic net income per share attributable to the Company’s stockholders is computed by dividing net income by the weighted-average number of shares outstanding during the period without consideration of potentially dilutive common stock. Diluted net income per share reflects the potential dilution that could occur if securities or other contracts to issue shares of the Company’s common stock were exercised or converted into common stock or resulted in the issuance of common stock that then shared in the earnings of the Company unless inclusion of such shares would be anti-dilutive. For periods in which the Company reports net losses, diluted net loss per common share attributable to the Company’s common stockholders is the same as basic net loss, because potentially dilutive common shares are not assumed to have been issued if their effect is anti-dilutive.

Revenue Recognition: The Company generates revenue primarily through sales of products to its customers, which include natural channel retailers, mainstream channel retailers and foodservice ~~partners.~~customers. The Company sells its products to customers on a purchase-order basis.

Revenue is recognized when control of the product is transferred to the customer and the related performance obligation is satisfied, which typically occurs upon delivery of the product to the customer, for an amount that reflects the net consideration the Company expects to receive in exchange for delivering the product. We offer sales incentives through various programs to customers and allow deductions from our customers, which may include credits or discounts to customers in the event that products do not conform to customer specifications or expire at a customer’s site. The cost associated with promotions and chargebacks is estimated and recorded as a reduction in revenue and is recognized at the time the related revenue is recorded, which normally precedes the actual cash expenditure. The recognition of this cost therefore requires management judgement regarding the volume of promotional offers that will be redeemed. Differences between estimated cost and actual redemptions are recognized as a change in management estimate in a subsequent period.

In many cases, key sales terms such as pricing and quantities ordered are established on a regular basis such that most customer arrangements and related incentives have a duration of less than one year. Amounts billed and due from customers are short term in nature and are classified as receivables since payments are unconditional and only the passage of time is required before payments are due.

Treasury Stock: The Company records treasury stock activities under the cost method whereby the cost of the acquired stock is recorded as treasury stock. The Company’s accounting policy upon the formal retirement of treasury stock is to deduct the par value from the Company’s common stock and to reflect any excess of cost over par value as a reduction to additional paid-in capital (to the extent created by previous issuances of the shares).

Shipping and Distribution: The Company’s shipping and distribution costs include costs incurred with third-party carriers to transport products to customers and salaries and overhead costs related to activities to prepare the Company’s products for shipment. Shipping and distribution costs were $~~$24,979,~~ 30,104, $~~14,904,~~24,979, and ~~$10,001~~$14,904 during the fiscal years ended December ~~26,2021,~~25, 2022, December 26, 2021, and December 27, 2020, ~~and December 29, 2019,~~ respectively. Freight-in costs are included within Cost of Goods Sold and were ~~$7,623, $5,126,~~$9,610, $7,623, and ~~$3,012~~$5,126 during the fiscal years ended December 25, 2022, December 26, 2021, and December 27, 2020, ~~and December 29, 2019,~~ respectively.

Stock-Based Compensation: The Company measures all stock-based awards granted to employees and directors based on the fair value on the date of the grant and recognizes compensation expense for those awards, over the requisite service period, which is generally the vesting period of the respective award. The fair value of each stock option grant is estimated on the date of grant using the Black-Scholes option-pricing valuation model, which requires inputs based on certain subjective assumptions, including the fair market value of the Company’s common stock, expected stock price volatility, the expected term of the option, the risk-free interest rate for a period that approximates the expected term of the option, and the Company’s expected dividend yield. The Company classifies stock-based compensation expense in its consolidated statements of operations in the same manner in which the award recipient’s payroll costs are classified or in which the award recipient’s service payments are classified.

Advertising and Promotion Expenses: Advertising and promotion expenses consist primarily of production costs and the costs to communicate the advertisements to promote and market the Company’s products. Production costs such as idea development, artwork, audio and video crews and other up-front development costs are expensed the first time the associated advertising campaign is launched or aired. The costs to communicate the advertisements such as airtime and distribution costs are expensed as incurred. During the fiscal years ended December 25, 2022, December 26, 2021, and December 27, 2020, ~~and December 29, 2019,~~ the Company incurred advertising and promotion expenses of approximately ~~$11,469, $9,815,~~$13,301, $11,469, and ~~$10,320, respectively~~$.9,815, respectively.

Emerging Growth Company Status: The Company is an “emerging growth company” as defined in the Jumpstart Our Business Startups Act of 2012 (“JOBS Act”). Under the JOBS Act, emerging growth companies can delay adopting new or revised financial accounting standards until such time as those standards apply to private companies. The Company elected to use the extended transition period for complying with the adoption of new or revised accounting standards, and, as a result of this election, the Company’s financial statements may not be comparable to companies that comply with public company effective dates.

Recently Adopted Accounting Pronouncements: ~~In March 2020, the FASB issued ASU 2020-04,~~ ~~Reference Rate Reform (Topic 848), Facilitation of the Effects of Reference Rate Reform on Financial Reporting~~ (“ASU 2020-04”), which provides optional expedients and exceptions for applying U.S. GAAP to contracts, hedging relationships, and other transactions affected by the discontinuation of the London Interbank Offered Rate (“LIBOR”) or by another reference rate expected to be discontinued. The amendments are effective for all entities as of March 12, 2020 through December 31, 2022. The Company adopted ASU 2020-04 on March 12, 2020 and the adoption of this standard did not have a material impact on the Company’s consolidated financial statements.

~~Recently Issued Accounting Pronouncements Not Yet Adopted:~~ In February 2016, the ~~FASB~~Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) issued ASU 2016-02, Leases (Topic 842) (“(“ASU 2016-02”) and also issued subsequent amendments to the initial guidance, ASU 2017-13, ASU 2018-01, ASU 2018-10, ASU 2018-11, ASU 2018-20, ASU 2019-01, ASU 2019-10, ASU 2020-02, and ASU 2020-05 (collectively, “Topic 842”). The guidance in Topic 842 supersedes the leasing guidance in Topic 840, ~~Leases~~.Leases. Under the new guidance, lessees are required to recognize lease assets and lease liabilities on the balance sheet for all leases with terms longer than ~~twelve~~12 months. Leases ~~will be~~are classified as either finance or operating, with classification affecting the pattern of expense recognition in the consolidated statement of operations. An entity may adopt the guidance either (1) retrospectively to each prior reporting period presented in the financial statements with a cumulative-effect adjustment recognized at the beginning of the earliest comparative period presented or (2) retrospectively at the beginning of the period of adoption through a cumulative-effect adjustment. The Company ~~expects to adopt~~adopted Topic 842 ~~retrospectively at~~as of the beginning of the period of adoption, December 27, 2021, ~~through a cumulative-effect adjustment,~~ and ~~will~~has not ~~apply~~applied the new standard to comparative periods presented. ~~The new standard provides~~

To reduce the burden of adoption and ongoing compliance with Topic 842, a number of practical ~~expedients. Upon~~expedients and policy elections are available under the new guidance. The Company elected the "package of practical expedients" permitted under the transition guidance, which among other things, did not require reassessment of whether contracts entered into prior to adoption are or contain leases, and allowed carryforward of the historical lease classification for existing leases. The Company has not elected to adopt the “hindsight” practical expedient, and therefore will measure the right-of-use (“ROU”) assets and lease liabilities using the remaining portion of the lease term at adoption on December 27, 2021.

The Company made an accounting policy election under Topic 842 not to recognize ROU assets and lease liabilities for leases with a term of 12 months or less. For all other leases, the Company ~~expects to elect all~~recognizes ROU assets and lease liabilities based on the present value of lease payments over the lease term at the commencement date of the ~~practical expedients available.~~ lease (or December 27, 2021 for existing leases upon the adoption of Topic 842). The Company’s recognized ROU assets also include any initial direct costs incurred and lease payments made at or before the commencement date, which are reduced by any lease incentives.

Future lease payments may include fixed rent escalation clauses or payments that depend on an index (such as the Consumer Price Index measured by the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics). Subsequent index changes and other periodic market-rate adjustments to base rent are recorded as variable lease expense during the period in which they are incurred. Residual value guarantees or payments for terminating the lease are included in the lease payments only when it is probable they will be incurred.

The Company ~~is currently evaluating~~has made an accounting policy election to account for lease and non-lease components in its contracts as a single lease component for all asset classes. The non-lease components typically represent additional services transferred to the Company, such as common area maintenance for real estate, which are variable in nature and recorded in variable lease expense in the period incurred.

As an emerging growth company, the Company uses its lease-specific collateralized incremental borrowing rate to determine the present value of lease payments at lease commencement or upon the adoption of Topic 842. The adoption of the new lease standard had an immaterial impact on our consolidated net earnings and consolidated cash flows and did not result in a cumulative-effect adjustment to the opening balance of ~~its pending~~retained earnings. The adoption of Topic 842 ~~on its consolidated financial statements. It is anticipated that the primary impact~~as of ~~the adoption of Topic 842 will be~~December 27, 2021, resulted in the recording of a right-of-use ~~asset~~assets and ~~related~~ lease ~~liability~~liabilities of ~~approximately $4.0~~$4.1 million ~~on the Company’s consolidated balance sheet.~~and $3.8 million, respectively.

Recently Issued Accounting Pronouncements Not Yet Adopted: In June 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-13, Financial Instruments — Credit Losses (Topic 326), Measurement of Credit Losses on Financial Instruments (“ASU 2016-13”) and also issued subsequent amendments to the initial guidance, ASU 2018-19, ASU 2019-04, ASU 2019-05, ASU 2019-10, ASU 2019-11, ASU 2020-02, and ASU 2020-03 (collectively, “Topic 326”), to introduce a new impairment model for recognizing credit losses on financial instruments based on an estimate of current expected credit losses. Topic 326 requires financial assets measured at amortized cost to be presented at the net amount expected to be collected. The measurement of expected credit losses is based on relevant information about past events, including historical experience, current conditions, and reasonable and supportable forecasts that affect the collectability of the reported amounts. An entity must use judgment in determining the relevant information and estimation methods that are appropriate in its circumstances. For non-public companies, Topic 326 is effective for years beginning after December 15, 2022, including interim periods within those years. The Company expects to adopt Topic 326 on December 26, 2022. The Company is currently evaluating the impact of its pending adoption of Topic 326 on its consolidated financial statements.

In December 2019, the FASB issued ASU No. 2019-12, Income Taxes (Topic 740), Simplifying the Accounting for Income Taxes (“ASU 2019-12”), which intends to simplify the guidance by removing certain exceptions to the general principles and clarifying or amending existing guidance. ASU 2019-12 is effective for years beginning after December 15, 2021, and interim periods within years beginning after December 15, 2022. The Company expects to adopt ASU 2019-12 on December 26, 2022. Although the Company is currently evaluating the impact of the adoption of ASU 2019-12, the Company does not expect it to have a material impact on its consolidated financial statements.

3. ~~Fair Value~~Investment Securities

The following table ~~presents information about~~summarizes the Company’s ~~financial assets measured at fair value on a recurring basis:~~available-for-sale investment securities as of December 25, 2022:

Fair Value Measurements as of December 26, 2021, Using:

Level 1

Level 2

Level 3

Total

Assets:

   US Corporate Bonds and US Denominated Foreign Bonds

$
—

$
64,452

$
—

$
64,452

   Commercial Paper

—

2,999

—

2,999

   Money Market

20,101

—

—

20,101

   US Treasury

—

1,170

—

1,170

Total assets measured at fair value

$
20,101

$
68,621

$
—

$
88,722


	Amortized Cost		Unrealized Losses			Fair Value
U.S. Corporate Bonds and U.S. Dollar Denominated Foreign Bonds	$	66,658	$	(1,996	)	$	64,662
U.S. Treasury		1,176		(24	)		1,152
Total	$	67,834	$	(2,020	)	$	65,814

Fair Value Measurements as of December 27, 2020, Using:

Level 1

Level 2

Level 3

Total

Assets:

   US Corporate Bonds and US Denominated Foreign Bonds

$
—

$
58,630

$
—

$
58,630

   Commercial Paper

—

6,697

—

6,697

   Money Market

25,469

—

—

25,469

   US Treasury

—

3,030

—

3,030

Total assets measured at fair value

$
25,469

$
68,357

$
—

$
93,826

The following ~~tables presents information about~~table summarizes the Company’s ~~financial liabilities measured at fair value on a recurring basis:~~
available-for-sale investment securities as of December 26, 2021:

Fair Value Measurements as of December 26, 2021, Using:

Liabilities:

Level 1

Level 2

Level 3

Total

Contingent consideration, current

$
—

$
—

$
19

$
19

Contingent consideration, non-current

—

—

-

-

Total liabilities measured at fair value

$
—

$
—

$
19

$
19


	Amortized Cost		Unrealized Losses			Fair Value
U.S. Corporate Bonds and U.S. Dollar Denominated Foreign Bonds	$	64,816	$	(364	)	$	64,452
Commercial Paper		2,999		—			2,999
U.S. Treasury		1,177		(7	)		1,170
Total	$	68,992	$	(371	)	$	68,621

Fair Value Measurements as of December 27, 2020, Using:

Level 1

Level 2

Level 3

Total

Liabilities:

Contingent consideration, current

$
—

$
—

$
109

$
109

Contingent consideration, non-current

—

—

18

18

Total liabilities measured at fair value

$
—

$
—

$
127

$
127

~~During~~For the fiscal years ended December 25, 2022, December 26, 2021, and December 27, 2020, ~~there~~proceeds from the sale of available-for-sale securities were $0 ~~transfers between fair value measurement levels.~~

~~During~~, $1,436, and $4,504, respectively. Realized gains and losses on the sale of available-for-sale securities were not material for the fiscal years ended December 25, 2022, December 26, 2021, and December 27, 2020. Net unrealized holding losses for the fiscal years ended December 25, 2022, December 26, 2021, and December 27, 2020, were $1,745, $384, and $41, before tax, respectively.

During the fiscal year ended December 25, 2022, the unrealized losses in our U.S. corporate bond portfolio consist of losses on 93 diversified issuances with credit ratings from BBB to AAA. As of December 25, 2022, there are no individual bonds with unrealized losses exceeding $92, and 44 issuances have been in a loss position greater than 12 months with aggregate unrealized losses of $1,136.

The decline in fair value has resulted primarily from rising interest rates over the last 12 months and the Company ~~recognized unrealized~~does not believe there has been any significant decline in the creditworthiness of the issuers. The Company also does not believe it is likely that the bonds will be called early given the current interest rate environment, and it does not have current liquidity needs that would necessitate a sale of the investments prior to maturity. Therefore, the Company has not recorded an allowance for credit losses ~~and (gains) associated with~~on the ~~fair value of contingent consideration of $44 and $(333), respectively.~~

~~The following table presents the unobservable inputs incorporated into the valuation of contingent consideration:~~

Unobservable Input

December 26, 2021

December 27, 2020

Estimated dozens of eggs to be supplied

275,250

1,885,660

Royalty rate per dozen eggs

$
0.07

$
0.07

Estimated future royalty expense

$
19

$
132

Discount interval (in years)

0.5

1.4

~~4. Investment Securities~~

~~The following table summarizes the Company’s~~ investment securities as of December ~~26, 2021:~~

Amortized Cost

Unrealized Losses

Fair Value

   US Corporate Bonds and US Dollar
        Denominated Foreign Bonds

$
64,816

$
(364
)

$
64,452

   Commercial Paper

2,999

—

2,999

   US Treasury

1,177

(7
)

1,170

Total

$
68,992

$
(371
)

$
68,621

~~The following table summarizes the Company’s investment securities as of December 27, 2020:~~

Amortized Cost

Unrealized Losses

Fair Value

   US Corporate Bonds and US Dollar
        Denominated Foreign Bonds

$
58,671

$
(41
)

$
58,630

   Commercial Paper

6,697

—

6,697

   US Treasury

3,030

—

3,030

Total

$
68,398

$
(41
)

$
68,357

~~Available-for-sale securities~~

In October 2020, the Company purchased available-for-sale debt securities of approximately $68,336. During the year ended December 26, 2021 there were purchases of $51,688, sales and maturities of $40,874 with realized losses of $1, and call redemptions of $10,752 with realized losses of $54.

~~The securities incurred unrealized losses of $330 and related tax benefit of $80 for the year ended December 26, 2021.~~ 25, 2022.

Actual maturities may differ from contractual maturities because some borrowers have the right to call or prepay obligations with or without call or prepayment penalties. Contractual maturities of investment securities as of December ~~26, 2021~~25, 2022 are as follows:


	Amortized Cost		Fair Value
Due within one year	$	25,291	$	24,816
Due in 1-5 years		42,543		40,998
Total available-for-sale	$	67,834	$	65,814

The following tables present information about the Company's financial assets measured at fair value on a recurring basis for the periods presented:

Amortized Cost

Fair Value

Due within one year

$
25,656

$
25,638

Due in 1-5 years

43,336

42,983

Total available-for-sale

$
68,992

$
68,621


	Fair Value Measurements as of December 25, 2022, Using:
	Level 1		Level 2		Level 3		Total
Assets:
U.S. Corporate Bonds and U.S. Dollar Denominated Foreign Bonds	$	—	$	64,662	$	—	$	64,662
Money Market		6,740		—		—		6,740
U.S. Treasury		—		1,152		—		1,152
Total assets measured at fair value	$	6,740	$	65,814	$	—	$	72,554


	Fair Value Measurements as of December 26, 2021, Using:
	Level 1		Level 2		Level 3		Total
Assets:
U.S. Corporate Bonds and U.S. Dollar Denominated Foreign Bonds	$	—	$	64,452	$	—	$	64,452
Commercial Paper		—		2,999		—		2,999
Money Market		20,101		—		—		20,101
U.S. Treasury		—		1,170		—		1,170
Total assets measured at fair value	$	20,101	$	68,621	$	—	$	88,722

During the fiscal years ended December 25, 2022 and December 26, 2021, there were no transfers between fair value measurement levels.

5.4. Revenue Recognition

The following table summarizes the Company’s net revenue by primary product for the periods presented:


	Fiscal Year Ended						Fiscal Year Ended
	December 26, 2021		December 27, 2020		December 29, 2019		December 25, 2022		December 26, 2021		December 27, 2020
Net Revenue:
Eggs and egg related products	$	239,967	$	196,695	$	128,579
Butter and butter related products		20,934		17,585		12,154
Egg and egg-related products							$	339,214	$	239,967	$	196,695
Butter and butter-related products								22,836		20,934		17,585
Net Revenue	$	260,901	$	214,280	$	140,733	$	362,050	$	260,901	$	214,280

Net revenue is primarily generated from the sale of eggs and butter. ~~Historically, the Company’s~~The Company's product ~~offering was comprised of~~offerings include shell eggs, hard-boiled eggs, liquid whole eggs, butter (including stick butter and ~~butter. In August 2021, the Company added~~ spreadable tub ~~butter~~butter) and ghee. The Company's previous convenient breakfast product line (including egg bites and egg-based breakfast ~~bars to its product offering.~~bars) was discontinued in 2022.

The fiscal year ended December 27, 2020 includes revenue totaling ~~$624~~$624 resulting from the reduction of a sales promotion incentive settled in Q2 2020 that related to a prior year’s gross sales.

6.5. Accounts Receivable

Accounts receivable, net was ~~$26,938~~$40,227 and ~~$20,934~~$26,938 as of December 25, 2022 and December 26, 2021, ~~and December 27, 2020,~~ respectively.

As of December ~~26, 2021~~25, 2022 and December ~~27, 2020,~~26, 2021, the Company recorded an allowance for doubtful accounts of ~~$269~~$699 and ~~$196,~~$269, respectively. Changes in the allowance for doubtful accounts were as follows:


	Allowance for doubtful accounts
As of December 29, 2019	$	(304	)
Provisions Charged to Operating Results		(217	)
Account Write-off and Recoveries, net		325
As of December 27, 2020	$	(196	)
Provisions Charged to Operating Results		(184	)
Account Write-off and Recoveries, net		111
As of December 26, 2021	$	(269	)
Provisions Charged to Operating Results		(752	)
Account Write-off and Recoveries, net		322
As of December 25, 2022	$	(699	)

Allowance for
doubtful accounts

As of December 29, 2019

$
(304
)
Provisions Charged to Operating Results

(217
)
Account Write-off and Recoveries

325

As of December 27, 2020

$
(196
)
Provisions Charged to Operating Results

(184
)
Account Write-off and Recoveries

111

As of December 26, 2021

$
(269
)

6. Inventories

~~7. Inventories~~

Inventory consisted of the following as of the periods presented:

	December 26, 2021		December 27, 2020
Eggs and egg related products	$	5,422	$	6,407
Butter and butter related products		2,359		3,347
					December 25, 2022			December 26, 2021
Eggs and egg-related products					$	13,675		$	5,850
Butter and butter-related products						5,718			2,359
Packaging		2,166		1,997		5,452			2,166
Pullets						981			267
Other		998		1,151		1,121			731
	$	10,945	$	12,902
Reserve for inventory obsolescence						(98	)		(428	)
Inventories					$	26,849		$	10,945

~~During the years ended December 26, 2021, December 27, 2020, and December 29, 2019, laying-hen costs amortized to cost of goods sold were approximately $232, $375, and $484, respectively.~~ On a periodic basis, the Company compares the amount of inventory on hand with its latest forecasted requirement to determine whether charges for excess or obsolete inventory reserves are required.

Property, plant and equipment consisted of the following as of the periods presented:


	December 26, 2021			December 27, 2020			December 25, 2022			December 26, 2021
Land	$	525		$	525		$	552		$	525
Land improvements								835			—
Buildings and improvements		14,214			14,297			29,667			14,214
Vehicles		695			551			894			695
Machinery and equipment		15,523			12,473			34,978			15,523
Leasehold improvements		830			973			919			830
Furniture and fixtures		503			447			685			503
Construction in progress		21,164			6,654			3,312			21,164
		53,454			35,920			71,842			53,454
Less: Accumulated depreciation and amortization		(8,846	)		(5,802	)		(12,687	)		(8,846	)
Property, plant and equipment, net	$	44,608		$	30,118		$	59,155		$	44,608

During the fiscal years ended December 25, 2022, December 26, 2021, and December 27, 2020, ~~and December 29, 2019,~~ depreciation and amortization of property, plant and equipment was approximately ~~$3,540, $2,550,~~$5,441, $3,540, and ~~$1,921,~~$2,550, respectively.

8. Leases

AsThe Company determines if an arrangement is or contains a lease at inception, which is the date on which the terms of ~~December 26, 2021~~the contract are agreed to and ~~December 27, 2020, machinery~~the agreement creates enforceable rights and obligations. Under Topic 842, a contract is or contains a lease when (i) explicitly or implicitly identified assets have been deployed in the contract and (ii) the customer obtains substantially all of the economic benefits from the use of that underlying asset and directs how and for what purpose the asset is used during the term of the contract. The Company also considers whether its service arrangements include the right to control the use of an asset.

The Company leases office facilities, warehouses, office equipment and vehicles for delivery of products under lease agreements with initial terms approximating one to five years. In addition, substantially all the Company’s long-term supply contracts with farms contain components that ~~was leased under capital~~meet the definition of embedded leases ~~and included in~~within the scope of Topic 842, Leases. These arrangements convey to the Company the right to control implicitly identified property, plant and equipment ~~net~~as it takes substantially all the utility generated by these assets over the term of the arrangements at a variable price. The initial term of these supply agreements ranges from one to seven years. As total purchase commitments contained in these arrangements are variable, the amounts attributable to the lease components are contingent rentals; there are no minimum lease payments associated with these long-term supply contracts.

As the classification and timing of recognition of costs attributable to the eggs and embedded cost of the lease rentals are identical, the Company does not allocate the total purchase cost of eggs between the cost of the eggs and the embedded cost of the lease rentals or distinguish between them in its accounting records. The Company records the total purchase cost of eggs, which includes costs associated with the eggs and the corresponding cost of embedded lease rentals from the same arrangement, into inventory. These costs are expensed to cost of goods sold when the associated eggs are sold to customers and are also reported as part of the Company's variable lease cost. For the fiscal year ended December 25, 2022, these costs totaled $144 million.

The Company's office lease for our corporate headquarters facility in Austin, Texas includes an option to renew, generally at our sole discretion, with renewal terms that can extend the lease term up to five years.In addition, certain leases contain termination options, where the rights to terminate are held by the Company, the lessor, or both parties. These options to extend or terminate a lease are included in the lease terms when it is reasonably certain that the Company will exercise that option. As of December 25, 2022, it is not reasonably certain that the Company will exercise the right to extend its office lease and therefore, the Company has not included the extended term in the calculation of its ROU assets or liabilities. The Company’s leases do not contain any material restrictive covenants or residual value guarantees.

Operating lease cost is recognized on a straight-line basis over the lease term and is classified within cost of goods sold and selling, general and administrative cost in the consolidated statement of operations for the fiscal year ended December 25, 2022.

Finance lease cost is recognized as amortization expense for ROU assets and interest expense associated with finance lease liabilities. Amortization expense associated with the Company's finance leases during the fiscal year ended December 25, 2022 was $439 and is recorded within cost of goods sold and selling, general and administrative costs in the consolidated statement of operations.

The components of lease cost consisted of the following for the periods presented:


	December 25, 2022		December 26, 2021
Operating lease cost	$	1,445	$	—
Finance lease cost - amortization of right-of-use assets		439		—
Finance lease cost - interest on lease liabilities		87		28
Short-term lease cost		67		—
Variable lease cost		2,967		—
Variable lease cost - long-term supply contracts		143,696		—
Total lease cost	$	148,701	$	28

Supplemental balance ~~sheets was approximately $876 and $1,193, respectively.~~sheet information related to leases is as follows:


	As of December 25, 2022		As of December 26, 2021
Operating Leases
Operating lease right-of-use assets	$	1,895	$	—

Operating lease liabilities, current	$	1,208	$	—
Operating lease liabilities, non-current		892		—
Total operating lease liabilities	$	2,100	$	—
Finance Leases
Property, plant and equipment, net	$	8,659	$	876

Finance lease liabilities, current	$	1,570	$	327
Finance lease liabilities, non-current		7,023		—
Total finance lease liabilities	$	8,593	$	327


	As of December 25, 2022
	Operating Leases			Finance Leases
Weighted-average remaining lease term (years)		2.18			4.85
Weighted-average discount rate		3.32	%		6.34	%

Future undiscounted cash flows are as follows:


	As of December 25, 2022
	Operating Leases			Finance Leases
2023	$	1,254		$	2,059
2024		471			2,059
2025		338			2,059
2026		115			2,059
2027		—			1,711
Thereafter		—			—
Total lease payments		2,178			9,947
Less imputed interest		(78	)		(1,354	)
Total present value of lease liabilities	$	2,100		$	8,593

Supplemental cash flow information related to leases is as follows:

Cash paid for amounts included in measurement of lease liabilities:


	Fiscal Year Ended
	December 25, 2022		December 26, 2021
Operating cash outflows - payments on operating leases	$	1,477	$	—
Operating cash outflows - interest payments on finance leases	$	87	$	28
Financing cash outflows - principal payments on finance leases	$	554	$	471

Right-of-use assets obtained in exchange for new lease obligations:


	As of December 25, 2022		As of December 26, 2021
Operating leases	$	—	$	—
Finance leases		8,931		—

9. Accrued Liabilities

Accrued liabilities consisted of the following as of the periods presented:


	December 25, 2022		December 26, 2021
Accrued employee related costs	$	7,453	$	3,039
Accrued promotions and customer deductions		4,414		3,599
Accrued distribution fees and freight		2,351		3,875
Accrued marketing and broker commissions		1,598		769
Accrued purchases of inventory		1,349		1,197
Accrued professional fees		761		344
Accrued property, plant and equipment		153		1,258
Other		398		1,062
Accrued liabilities	$	18,477	$	15,143

December 26, 2021

December 27, 2020

Accrued promotions and expired product credits

$
3,599

$
2,724

Accrued employee related costs

3,039

3,718

Accrued offering costs

—

123

Accrued distribution fees and freight

3,875

436

Accrued accounting and legal fees

344

238

Accrued marketing and commissions

769

739

Accrued purchases of inventory

1,197

1,088

Property, plant and equipment

1,258

502

Other

1,043

277

Accrued liabilities

$
15,124

$
9,845

10. Product Exit Costs

During the fiscal year ended December 25, 2022, the Company made the determination to exit its convenient breakfast product category due to a shift in the Company's focus to product categories that are core to its operations. Charges incurred in connection with these product exits were substantially complete by December 25, 2022. Due to the relatively short term over which the charges will ultimately be settled, the Company believes the actual charges as shown below approximate fair value.

The following table summarizes the activity related to the exit of the Company's convenient breakfast products during the fiscal year ended December 25, 2022:


		For the Fiscal Year Ended December 25, 2022
Description	Statement of Operations Classification	Charges Incurred		Amounts Paid or Settled			Amounts Released as Unutilized			Ending Liability Balance
Contract terminations	Selling, general and administrative	$	1,126	$	(1,126	)	$	—		$	—
Inventory obsolescence	Cost of goods sold		749		(749	)		—			—
Customer allowances	Net revenue		146		(111	)		(35	)		—
Asset write-downs	Cost of goods sold		119		—			—			119
Co-manufacturer charges	Cost of goods sold		135		(135	)		—			—
Asset disposals	Selling, general and administrative		66		(66	)		—			—
Total		$	2,341	$	(2,187	)	$	(35	)	$	119

~~10.~~11. Long-Term Debt

In October 2017, the Company entered into a credit facility agreement with PNC Bank, National Association (the “Credit Facility”) that ~~provided for an initial~~initially included a $4.7 million term a loan, ~~of $4,700 (the “Term Loan”) and~~ a $10.0 million revolving line of credit ~~of up to $10,000 (the “Revolving Line of Credit”). The Credit Facility also originally provided for a $1,500~~and an equipment loan ~~(the “Equipment Loan”) for the purpose~~with a maximum borrowing capacity of ~~funding permitted capital expenditures, subject to certain restrictions.~~ $1.5 million.

Subsequently, the terms of the Credit Facility were modified at various times ~~throughout~~between fiscal ~~2018-2021 which~~2018 and fiscal 2022. Such amendments (i) amended various definitions, (ii) waived a technical default in May 2020 which was triggered by exceeding the capital expenditure limit, ~~and~~ (iii) increased borrowing capacity and (iv) extended the maturity date. The Ninth Amendment to the Credit Facility in April 2021 eliminated the ~~Term Loan~~term loan and ~~Equipment Loan.~~equipment loan. The ~~Revolving Line~~Tenth Amendment to the Credit Agreement in December 2022 modified certain covenants related to commodity hedging, consented to the dissolution of ~~Credit~~immaterial subsidiaries and implemented changes related to the discontinuation of LIBOR. The revolving line of credit matures in April ~~2024.~~2024.

The maximum borrowing capacity under the Revolving Line of Credit is ~~$20,000.~~$20.0 million. Interest on borrowings under the ~~Revolving Line~~revolving line of ~~Credit,~~credit, as well as loan advances thereunder, accrues at a rate, at the Company’s election at the time of borrowing, equal to (i) ~~LIBOR~~the secured overnight financing rate as administered by the Federal Reserve Bank of New York plus ~~2.00%~~2.00% or (ii) ~~1.00%~~1.00% plus the alternate base ~~rate.~~rate, as defined in the Credit Facility. In April 2020, all then-outstanding amounts under the revolving line of credit were repaid and the interest rate applicable to borrowings under the revolving line of credit was 4.5%. As of December ~~26, 2021,~~25, 2022, there were 0no outstanding amounts under the ~~Revolving Line~~revolving line of ~~Credit.~~ credit.

The Credit Facility is secured by all of the Company’s assets (other than real property and certain other property excluded pursuant to the terms of the Credit Facility) and requires the Company to ~~comply with~~maintain three financial covenants: a fixed charge coverage ratio, a leverage ratio and a minimum tangible net worth requirement. The Credit Facility also contains various covenants relating to limitations on indebtedness, acquisitions, mergers, consolidations and the sale of properties and liens. As a result of the limitations contained in the Credit Facility, certain of the net assets on the Company’s consolidated balance sheet as of December ~~26, 2021~~25, 2022 are restricted in use. Vital Farms’ wholly owned subsidiaries are non-operating and do not hold any assets or liabilities; therefore, these subsidiaries have no restricted net assets within the meaning of Rule 4-08(e)(3) or Rule 12-04 of Regulation S-X. The Credit Facility also contains other customary covenants, representations and events of default. As of December ~~26, 2021,~~25, 2022, the Company was in compliance with all covenants under the Credit Facility.

Debt issuance costs associated with the Credit Facility are reflected as a reduction of the carrying value of long-term debt on the Company’s consolidated balance sheets and are being amortized to interest expense over the term of the Credit Facility using the effective interest method. During the fiscal years ended December 25, 2022, December 26, 2021, and December 27, 2020, ~~and December 29, 2019,~~ the Company recognized interest expense of ~~$52, $488,~~$0, $52, and ~~$349~~$488, respectively, which includes amortization of debt issuance costs of ~~$0, $68,~~$0, $0, and ~~$9,~~$68, respectively.

~~As of December 26, 2021, future principal payments for capital lease payments are $327 for the fiscal year ending December 25, 2022, due to the August 2022 expiration of the capital lease.~~80

Amounts outstanding under the Company’s Revolving Line of Credit as of December 27, 2020 have been presented as current obligations under current portion of long-term debt in the Company’s consolidated balance sheets due to the Company’s ability and intent to repay the amounts within the next twelve months.

Paycheck Protection Program Loan: In April 2020, the Company received loan proceeds of approximately ~~$2,593~~$2,593 under the Paycheck Protection Program (“PPP”) (the “PPP Loan”). The PPP, established as part of the Coronavirus Aid, Relief and Economic Security Act, ~~(“CARES Act”),~~ provides for loans to qualified businesses for amounts up to 2.5 times of the average monthly payroll expenses for the qualifying business. The Company elected to not use any of the PPP Loan proceeds of ~~$2,593~~$2,593 and repaid the entire balance of the PPP Loan in April 2020.

~~11.~~12. Redeemable Convertible Preferred Stock

Upon the closing of the IPO in August 2020, all of the then-outstanding shares of Preferred Stock automatically converted into 8,192,876 shares of common stock on a one-for-one basis. Subsequent to the closing of the IPO, there were 0no shares of Preferred Stock outstanding.

As of December ~~26, 2021,~~25, 2022, the Company’s amended and restated certificate of incorporation authorized the Company to issue 10,000,000 shares, par value ~~$0.0001~~$0.0001 per share, of preferred stock, in one or more series and with such designation, rights and preferences as may be determined from time to time by the Company’s board of directors (collectively, the “Preferred Stock”). As of December ~~26, 2021,~~25, 2022, there were 0no shares of Preferred Stock issued or outstanding.

Common Stock Warrant: In June 2015, the Company issued a warrant to the guarantor of a line of credit agreement that was entered into in 2015. During 2017 the line of credit matured and was repaid in full. The guarantor was also the Company’s Chief Executive Officer. The warrant provided for the purchase of a total of 196,800 shares of Vital Farms common stock at an exercise price of ~~$1.43~~$1.43 per share. The warrant was scheduled to expire on the earlier of June 12, 2020 or the completion of the IPO. At the time of issuance, the Company classified the warrant as equity in its consolidated balance sheets. On June 9, 2020, the guarantor exercised the warrant to purchase 196,800 shares of Vital Farms’ common stock resulting in net proceeds of approximately ~~$282~~$282.

Treasury Stock: In August 2021, the Company retired an aggregate of 5,494,918 shares of its common stock held in treasury. Upon retirement, the shares were redesignated as authorized but unissued shares of the Company’s common stock.

14. Stock-Based Compensation

~~As of~~During the fiscal years ended December 25, 2022, December 26, 2021, ~~9,993,187 shares were available~~and December 27, 2020, the Company recognized stock-based compensation expense of $6,040, $4,440, and $2,509, respectively. The related tax benefit from stock-based compensation during the fiscal years ended December 25, 2022, December 26, 2021, and December 27, 2020, was $970, $3,872, and $85, respectively. The Company measures compensation expense for ~~future grants~~all stock-based awards based on the estimated fair values on the date of the ~~Company’s common~~grant. Stock options generally vest ratably over three years from the date of grant and expire 10 years from the date of grant. Restricted stock ~~pursuant~~awards generally vest ratably over three years from the date of grant and contain no other service or performance conditions. The Company's policy is to recognize stock-based compensation expense on a straight-line basis over the ~~Vital Farms, Inc. 2020 Equity Incentive Plan (“2020 Incentive Plan”)~~requisite service or vesting period. Forfeitures for stock options and restricted stock awards are recognized as they occur. The Company records stock-based compensation expense in selling, general and administrative expenses and cost of goods sold. During the ~~2020 Employee Share Purchase Plan (“2020 ESPP”).~~

~~2020 Equity Incentive Plan:~~In July 2020, the Company’s board of directors adopted the Vital Farms, Inc. 2020 Equity Incentive Plan (“2020 Incentive Plan”), which was subsequently approved by the Company’s stockholders and became effective on July 30, 2020. Initially, the maximum number of shares of the Company’s common stock that may be issued under the 2020 Incentive Plan was 8,595,871 shares. The 2020 Incentive Plan provides that the number of shares reserved and available for issuance under the 2020 Incentive Plan will automatically increase each January 1, beginning on January 1,fiscal years ended December 25, 2022, December 26, 2021, and ~~ending on (and including) January 1, 2030, by an amount equal to 4%~~December 27, 2020, $188, $133, and $0 of ~~the outstanding number~~stock-based compensation expense was recognized in cost of shares of common stock on the immediately preceding December 31 or such lesser number of shares as determined by the Company’s board of directors. On January 1, 2022, 1,619,758 shares of common stock were added to the available reserve pursuant to this provision.goods sold, respectively.

Stock Option Activity

The following table summarizes the Company's stock option activity since December 26, 2021:


	Number of Options			Weighted- Average Exercise Price		Weighted- Average Remaining Contractual Term (Years)		Aggregate Intrinsic Value
Outstanding as of December 26, 2021		4,927,033		$	9.25			$	48,222
Granted		159,270		$	12.47
Exercised		(180,835	)	$	3.14			$	1,827
Cancelled/Forfeited		(271,263	)	$	13.31			$	1,082
Outstanding as of December 25, 2022		4,634,205		$	9.35		5.6	$	38,522
Options exercisable as of December 25, 2022		3,117,209		$	6.64		4.7	$	31,626
Options vested and expected to vest as of December 25, 2022		4,633,974		$	9.35		5.6	$	38,520

We estimate the fair value of stock options on the date of grant using a Black-Scholes option-pricing valuation model, which uses the expected option term, stock price volatility, and the risk-free interest rate. The expected option term assumption reflects the period for which we believe the option will remain outstanding. We elected to use the simplified method to determine the expected option term, for all periods presented, which is the average of the option’s vesting and contractual term. Our computation of expected volatility is based on the historical volatility of selected comparable publicly traded companies over a period equal to the expected term of the option. The risk-free interest rate reflects the U.S. Treasury yield curve for a similar instrument with the same expected term in effect at the time of the grant.

~~The following assumptions were utilized to calculate the fair value of stock options granted during the fiscal periods indicated:~~

December 26,
2021

December 27,
2020

December 29,
2019

Expected term (in years)

6.0 - 6.5

5.2 - 6.5

5.4 - 6.5

Expected stock price volatility

28.5% - 29.4%

29.1% - 42.9%

39.5% - 47.0%

Risk-free interest rate

0.57% - 1.36%

0.34% - 0.49%

1.4% - 2.38%

Expected dividend yield

0%

0%

0%

Weighted average fair value at grant date

$
7.31

$
6.83

$
2.31

~~The following table summarizes the Company’s stock option activity since December 27, 2020:~~

Number of
Options

Weighted-
Average
Exercise
Price

Weighted-
Average
Remaining
Contractual
Term (Years)

Aggregate
Intrinsic
Value

Outstanding as of December 27, 2020

5,815,684

$
6.87

6.7

$
112,762

Granted

565,593

$
24.05

Exercised

(1,034,929
)

$
2.68

$
20,343

Cancelled

(419,315
)

$
12.17

Outstanding as of December 26, 2021

4,927,033

$
9.25

6.5

$
48,222

Options exercisable as of December 26, 2021

2,572,316

$
4.70

5.1

$
33,605

Options vested and expected to vest as of December 26, 2021

4,918,003

$
9.26

6.5

$
48,099

~~The following table summarizes the Company’s stock option activity since December 29, 2019:~~

Number of
Options

Weighted-
Average
Exercise
Price

Weighted-
Average
Remaining
Contractual
Term (Years)

Aggregate
Intrinsic
Value

Outstanding as of December 29, 2019

5,413,064

$
3.73

7.3

$
60,059

Granted

985,519

$
22.98

Exercised

(66,062
)

$
2.85

$
1,022

Cancelled

(516,837
)

$
3.76

Outstanding as of December 27, 2020

5,815,684

$
6.87

6.7

$
112,762

Options exercisable as of December 27, 2020

2,751,727

$
2.59

4.7

$
63,061

Options vested and expected to vest as of December 27, 2020

5,815,684

$
6.87

6.7

$
112,762

~~The fair value of shares vested during the fiscal year ended December 26, 2021 and December 27, 2020 was $2,694 and $3,320, respectively.~~

~~Restricted Stock Units~~: In August 2020, the Company granted a restricted stock unit (“RSU”) for 7,500 shares of the Company’s common stock to each person who was a non-employee director as of the IPO date, for a total of 45,000 RSUs (“IPO Initial Grant”). Each IPO Initial Grant will vest in three equal installments on the day before each of the first, second and third Annual Meeting of the Stockholders that occurs following the IPO Date, subject to the Non-Employee Director’s Continuous Service (as defined in the 2020 Incentive Plan) on each vesting date. Additionally, the Company granted a fully vested RSU for 3,097 shares to an employee in October 2020.

The following table summarizes the ~~Company’s restricted~~valuation model assumptions, fair values and intrinsic values of stock ~~unit activity since December 29, 2019:~~options during the fiscal years indicated:

Number of
RSUs

Weighted-
Average
Fair
Price

Unvested as of December 29, 2019

—

$
—

Granted

48,097

$
37.63

Vested

(3,097
)

$
37.97

Forfeited

—

$
—

Unvested as of December 27, 2020

45,000

$
37.61

Granted

80,324

$
23.71

Vested

(15,000
)

$
37.61

Forfeited

(2,457
)

$
25.78

Unvested as of December 26, 2021

107,867

$
27.53


	December 25, 2022		December 26, 2021		December 27, 2020
Expected term (in years)	6.0		6.0 - 6.5		5.2 - 6.5
Expected stock price volatility	27.6% - 28.6%		28.5% - 29.4%		29.1% - 42.9%
Risk-free interest rate	1.64% - 4.16%		0.57% - 1.36%		0.34% - 0.49%
Expected dividend yield	0%		0%		0%
Weighted average fair value at grant date	$	3.97	$	7.31	$	6.83
Fair value of stock options vested	$	3,245	$	2,694	$	3,320
Intrinsic value of stock options exercised	$	1,827	$	20,343	$	1,022
Proceeds from stock options exercised	$	568	$	2,776	$	221

During the years ended December 26, 2021, December 27, 2020, and December 29, 2019, the Company recognized total stock-based compensation expense of $4,440, $2,509, and $1,029, respectively. The Company classifies stock-based compensation expense in its consolidated statements of operations in the same manner in which the award recipient’s payroll costs are classified or in which the award recipient’s service payments are classified.

As of December ~~26, 2021,~~25, 2022, total unrecognized stock-based compensation expense related to unvested stock options ~~and unreleased restricted stock units~~ was ~~$11,006,~~$5,507, which is expected to be recognized over a weighted-average period of ~~2.6~~1.93 years.

Restricted Stock Unit Activity

The following table summarizes the restricted stock units ("RSU") activity since December 26, 2021:


	Number of RSUs			Weighted- Average Grant Date Fair Value
Unvested as of December 26, 2021		107,867		$	27.53
Granted		515,191		$	12.28
Vested		(56,922	)	$	27.17
Forfeited		(60,632	)	$	14.57
Unvested as of December 25, 2022		505,504		$	13.58

As of December 25, 2022, total unrecognized stock-based compensation expense related to the Company's unvested RSU activity was $4,732, which is expected to be recognized over a weighted-average period of 1.97 years.

The fair value of RSU shares vested during the fiscal years ended December 25, 2022, December 26, 2021, and December 27, 2020 was $1,549, $564, and $118, respectively.

2020 Equity Incentive Plan:In July 2020, the Company’s board of directors adopted the Vital Farms, Inc. 2020 Equity Incentive Plan (“2020 Incentive Plan”), which was subsequently approved by the Company’s stockholders and became effective on July 30, 2020. Initially, the maximum number of shares of the Company’s common stock that may be issued under the 2020 Incentive Plan was 8,595,871 shares. The 2020 Incentive Plan provides that the number of shares reserved and available for issuance under the 2020 Incentive Plan will automatically increase each January 1, beginning on January 1, 2021 and ending on (and including) January 1, 2030, by an amount equal to 4% of the outstanding number of shares of common stock on the immediately preceding December 31 or such lesser number of shares as determined by the Company’s board of directors. As of December 25, 2022, 9,824,414 shares were available for future grants of the Company's common stock, which excludes 1,629,884 shares of common stock that were automatically added to the available reserve on January 1, 2023.

Employee Stock Purchase Plan: In July 2020, the Company's board of directors adopted the ~~Vital Farms Inc.~~ 2020 Employee Stock Purchase Plan (“2020 ESPP”), which was subsequently approved by the Company’s stockholders and became effective on July 30, 2020. The 2020 ESPP authorizes the initial issuance of up to 900,000 shares of the Company’s common stock to certain eligible employees or, as designated by the board of directors, employees of a related company. The 2020 ESPP provides that the number of shares reserved and available for issuance under the 2020 ESPP will automatically increase each January 1, beginning on January 1, 2021 and ending on (and including) January 1, 2030, by an amount equal to the lesser of (i) 1%1% of the outstanding number of shares of common stock on the immediately preceding December 31 and (ii) 900,000, or such lesser number of shares as determined by the Vital Farms board of directors. ~~On January 1,~~ As of December 25, 2022, ~~404,939~~1,679,045 shares of the Company's common stock were available for future issuance, which excludes 407,471 shares of common stock that were automatically added to the available reserve ~~pursuant to this provision.The Company’s board of directors may periodically grant or provide for the grant to eligible employees the ability to purchase common stock under the 2020 ESPP during a specific offering period.~~on January 1, 2023. In November 2021, the ~~Compensation Committee~~Company's board of ~~the Board of Directors approved~~directors authorized an ~~initial~~ offering ~~of common stock under the 2020 ESPP to eligible employees, which commenced~~period commencing on March 1, 2022 and ending on May 15, 2022. The Company's board of directors has authorized subsequent additional six-month offering periods, with the most recent beginning on November 16, 2022.

~~14.~~15. Income Taxes

For the fiscal years ended December 25, 2022, December 26, 2021, and December 27, 2020, ~~and December 29, 2019~~ the provision for income taxes consisted of the following:


	December 25, 2022			December 26, 2021			December 27, 2020
Current:
Federal	$	384		$	225		$	587
State		539			282			412
Deferred:
Federal		803			(2,164	)		1,677
State		(125	)		(371	)		94
Provision (benefit) for income taxes	$	1,601		$	(2,028	)	$	2,770

December 26,
2021

December 27,
2020

December 29,
2019

Current:

    Federal

$
225

$
587

$
867

    State

282

412

187

Deferred:

    Federal

(2,164
)

1,677

(88
)
    State

(371
)

94

140

(Benefit) provision for income taxes

$
(2,028
)

$
2,770

$
1,106

The Company’s income before income taxes is entirely derived from domestic sources for all periods presented. The reconciliation of the federal statutory income tax provision to the Company’s effective income tax provision is as follows:

	December 26, 2021			December 27, 2020			December 29, 2019
Provision at statutory rate of 21%	$	74		$	2,446		$	929
										December 25, 2022			December 26, 2021			December 27, 2020
Provision at statutory rate of 21%										$	594		$	74		$	2,446
State income taxes		(416	)		300			258			51			(416	)		300
Stock-based compensation		(2,846	)		373			-			225			(2,846	)		373
Non-deductible costs		12			211			604			279			12			211
Charitable deduction		(88	)		(206	)		(629	)		(87	)		(88	)		(206	)
Change in deferred tax asset valuation allowance		774			(138	)		23			(53	)		774			(138	)
Revisions to prior year											212			—			—
Changes in uncertain tax positions											347			—			—
Other, net		462			(216	)		(79	)		33			462			(216	)
(Benefit) provision for income taxes	$	(2,028	)	$	2,770		$	1,106
Provision (benefit) for income taxes										$	1,601		$	(2,028	)	$	2,770

Deferred income taxes reflect the net tax effects of loss and credit carryforwards and temporary differences between the carrying amounts of assets and liabilities for financial reporting purposes and the amounts used for income tax purposes. The Company’s deferred income tax assets and liabilities at December ~~26, 2021~~25, 2022 and December ~~27, 2020~~26, 2021 were comprised of the following:

December 26,
2021

December 27,
2020

Deferred tax assets:

    Accrued expenses

$
1,383

$
1,144

    Allowances and other reserves

212

80

    Inventory

387

368

    Net operating loss carryforwards

2,220

27

    Charitable contributions

774

322

    Stock-based compensation

460

205

    Other

90

11

           Total deferred tax assets

5,526

2,157

Less: Valuation allowance

(774
)

-

           Net deferred tax assets

$
4,752

$
2,157

Deferred tax liabilities:

    Prepaid expenses

$
784

$
906

    Property and equipment

3,610

3,497

    Intangibles

279

291

          Total deferred tax liabilities

4,673

4,694

          Net deferred tax assets or liabilities

$
79

$
2,537


	December 25, 2022			December 26, 2021
Deferred tax assets:
Accrued expenses	$	2,594		$	1,383
Allowances and other reserves		171			212
Inventory		963			387
Net operating loss carryforwards		1,503			2,220
Charitable contributions		230			774
Stock-based compensation		1,046			460
Lease liability		2,624			—
Other		581			90
Total deferred tax assets		9,712			5,526
Less: Valuation allowance		—			(774	)
Net deferred tax assets	$	9,712		$	4,752
Deferred tax liabilities:
Prepaid expenses	$	590		$	784
Property and equipment		6,273			3,610
Operating and finance lease right of use assets		2,589			—
Intangibles		430			279
Total deferred tax liabilities	$	9,882		$	4,673
Net deferred tax assets (liabilities)	$	(170	)	$	79

A valuation allowance is required to be established when it is more likely than not that all or a portion of a deferred tax asset will not be realized. Realization of deferred tax assets is dependent upon future earnings, the timing and amount of which are uncertain. A full review of all positive and negative evidence needs to be considered, including the Company’s current and past performance, the market environments in which the Company operates, the utilization of past tax credits, the length of carry back and carry forward periods and tax planning strategies that might be implemented. Management considered the scheduled reversal of deferred tax liabilities and projected future taxable income in making this assessment. The net change in the total valuation allowance for the fiscal year ended December ~~26, 2021~~25, 2022 was ~~an increase~~a decrease of ~~approximately $774.~~$774.

The activity in the Company’s deferred tax asset valuation allowance for the fiscal years ended December ~~26, 2021~~25, 2022 and December ~~27, 2020~~26, 2021 was as follows:

December 26,
2021

December 27,
2020

Valuation allowance as of beginning of year

$
-

$
138

    Increases recorded to income tax provision

774

—

    Decreases recorded as benefit to income tax
        provision

-

(138
)
Valuation allowance as of end of year

$
774

$
-


	December 25, 2022			December 26, 2021
Valuation allowance as of beginning of year	$	774		$	—
Increases recorded to income tax provision		—			774
Decreases recorded as benefit to income tax provision		(774	)		—
Valuation allowance as of end of year	$	—		$	774

As of December ~~26, 2021,~~25, 2022, the Company had unrecognized tax benefits, which represent the aggregate tax effect of the differences between tax return positions and the benefits recognized in the Company’s financial statements. At December ~~26, 2021,~~25, 2022, all of the unrecognized tax benefits, if recognized, would affect the Company’s annual effective tax rate. The unrecognized tax benefits are long-term in nature and we do not anticipate the balance of the unrecognized tax benefits to change in the next ~~twelve~~12 months.

The following table reflects changes in gross unrecognized tax benefits:

December 26,
2021

December 27,
2020

Gross tax contingencies as of beginning of year

$
219

$
272

Increase in gross tax contingencies

0

219

Decrease in gross tax contingencies

0

(272
)
Gross tax contingencies as of end of year

$
219

$
219


	December 25, 2022			December 26, 2021
Gross tax contingencies as of beginning of year	$	219		$	219
Increase in gross tax contingencies		320			—
Decrease in gross tax contingencies		(28	)		—
Gross tax contingencies as of end of year	$	511		$	219

As of December ~~26, 2021,~~25, 2022, the Company had federal net operating loss carryforwards of ~~$9.1~~$6.7 million which can be carried forward indefinitely. The Company also had state net operating loss carryforwards of ~~$3.9~~$0.4 million which begin to expire in ~~2022.~~2022.

The Company files a U.S. federal income tax return, as well as income tax returns in various states. Tax years 2018 ~~through 2020~~and forward remain open to examination by the tax jurisdictions to which the Company is subject, with certain state taxing jurisdictions being open back to 2017.

~~15.~~16. Net Income Per Share

Basic and diluted net income per share attributable to the Company’s common stockholders were calculated as follows:


	Fiscal Year Ended							Fiscal Year Ended
	December 26, 2021			December 27, 2020		December 29, 2019		December 25, 2022			December 26, 2021			December 27, 2020
Numerator:
Net income	$	2,382		$	8,884	$	3,312	$	1,230		$	2,382		$	8,884
Less: Net (loss) income attributable to noncontrolling interests		(47	)		84		927		(21	)		(47	)		84
Net income attributable to Vital Farms, Inc. stockholders’ — basic and diluted	$	2,429		$	8,800	$	2,385	$	1,251		$	2,429		$	8,800
Denominator:
Weighted average common shares outstanding — basic		40,027,278			28,667,264		25,897,223		40,648,592			40,027,278			28,667,264
Weighted average effect of potentially dilutive securities:
Effect of potentially dilutive stock options		3,290,615			4,142,947		1,826,084		2,745,161			3,290,615			4,142,947
Effect of potentially dilutive common stock warrants		—			82,993		154,832		—			—			82,993
Effect of potentially dilutive restricted stock units		3,840			21,449		—		64,455			3,840			21,449
Effect of potentially dilutive redeemable convertible preferred stock		—			—		8,192,876
Effect of potentially dilutive common stock issuable pursuant to the ESPP									11,378			—			—
Weighted average common shares outstanding — diluted		43,321,733			32,914,653		36,071,015		43,469,586			43,321,733			32,914,653
Net income per share attributable to Vital Farms, Inc. stockholders
Basic	$	0.06		$	0.31	$	0.09	$	0.03		$	0.06		$	0.31
Diluted	$	0.06		$	0.27	$	0.07	$	0.03		$	0.06		$	0.27

~~For~~85

The company excluded the ~~years ended December 26, 2021 and December 27, 2020, options to purchase 23,744~~following shares of common stock, ~~and 826,883 shares of common stock, respectively, were excluded~~outstanding at each period end, from the computation of diluted net income per share attributable to ~~the Company’s~~Vital Farms, Inc. common stockholders for the periods indicated because including them would have ~~been antidilutive.~~had an anti-dilutive effect:

~~16.~~


	Fiscal Year Ended
	December 25, 2022		December 26, 2021		December 27, 2020
Options to purchase common stock		27,954		4,817		826,883
Unvested restricted stock		45,386		18,927		—
		73,340		23,744		826,883

17. Commitments and Contingencies

~~Operating Leases:~~ As of December 26, 2021, the Company was leasing approximately 9,100 square feet of office space and parking spaces in Austin, Texas. The lease expires in April 2026. The Company has the option to extend the lease agreement for successive periods of up to five years. The monthly lease payments, which include base rent charges of $19, are subject to periodic rent increases through April 2026.

As of December 27, 2020, the Company was leasing warehouse space in Webb City, Missouri for 5,000 rentable pallet spaces. The monthly lease payments include base rent charges of $55. In October 2020, the lease was amended to terminate the agreement effective December 31, 2020.

~~As of December 26, 2021, the Company was leasing approximately 92,000 square feet of warehouse space in Springfield, Missouri for 10,000 rentable pallet spaces under an operating lease expiring in~~ ~~September 2023. The monthly lease payments, which include base rent charges of $79, are subject to periodic rent increases through September 2023.~~

The Company recognizes rent expense on a straight-line basis over the respective lease period and has recorded deferred rent for rent expense incurred but not yet paid. During the years ended December 26, 2021, December 27, 2020, and December 29, 2019, the Company recognized rent expense, including associated common area maintenance charges, of $583, $444, and $358, respectively.

~~As of December 26, 2021, future minimum lease payments under noncancelable operating leases are as follows:~~

2022

$
1,476

2023

1,254

2024

471

2025

338

Thereafter

115

Total

$
3,654

Supplier Contracts: The Company purchases its egg inventories under long-term supply contracts with farms. Purchase commitments contained in these arrangements are variable dependent upon the quantity of eggs produced by the farms. Accordingly, there are no estimable future purchase commitments associated with these supplier ~~contracts. In addition, substantially all the Company’s supply~~ contracts ~~with farms contain components that meet the definition of embedded leases within the scope of Topic 840,~~ ~~Leases. These arrangements convey to the Company the right to control implicitly identified property, plant~~ and equipment as it takes substantially all the utility generated by these assets over the term of the arrangements at a variable price. As total purchase commitments contained in these arrangements are variable, the amounts attributable to the lease components are contingent rentals; there are no minimum ~~lease~~ payments associated with these long-term supply contracts. As the classification and timing of recognition of costs attributable to the eggs and embedded cost of the lease rentals are identical, the Company does not allocate the total purchase cost of eggs between the cost of the eggs and the embedded cost of the lease rentals or distinguish between them in its accounting records. The Company records the total ~~purchase costs~~cost of eggs ~~which includes costs associated with the eggs~~into inventory and ~~the corresponding costs of embedded lease rentals from the same arrangement, into inventory. These costs~~they are expensed to cost of goods sold when the associated eggs are sold to ~~customers. During the years ended December 26, 2021, December 27, 2020,~~customers and ~~December 29, 2019, the Company recognized total costs associated with its supply contracts with farms~~are also reported as part of ~~$108,707, $84,537, and $54,380, respectively.~~our variable lease cost.

Indemnification Agreements: In the ordinary course of business, the Company may provide indemnification of varying scope and terms to vendors, lessors, business partners and other parties with respect to certain matters including, but not limited to, losses arising out of breach of such agreements or from intellectual property infringement claims made by third parties. In addition, the Company has entered into indemnification agreements with members of its board of directors and its executive officers that will require the Company, among other things, to indemnify them against certain liabilities that may arise by reason of their status or service as directors or officers. The maximum potential amount of future payments the Company could be required to make under these indemnification agreements is, in many cases, unlimited. As of December ~~26, 2021,~~25, 2022, the Company has not incurred any material costs as a result of such indemnifications.

Litigation: The Company is subject to various claims and contingencies which are in the scope of ordinary and routine litigation incidental to its business, including those related to regulation, litigation, business transactions, employee-related matters and taxes, among others. When the Company becomes aware of a claim or potential claim, the likelihood of any loss or exposure is assessed. If it is probable that a loss will result and the amount of the loss can be reasonably estimated, the Company records a liability for the loss. The liability recorded includes probable and estimable legal costs incurred to date and future legal costs to the point in the legal matter where the Company believes a conclusion to the matter will be reached. If the loss is not probable or the amount of the loss cannot be reasonably estimated, the Company discloses the claim if the likelihood of a potential loss is reasonably possible.

In January 2019, Ovabrite Inc. (“Ovabrite”) settled claims made pursuant to a lawsuit in which Ovabrite was the defendant and a countersuit in which Ovabrite was the plaintiff and recorded a related gain of $1,200, which is included in other income in the consolidated statements of operations.

~~17.~~18. Related Party Transactions

Guarantor Warrant: The Company’s executive ~~chairman~~chairperson and former Chief Executive Officer (the “Guarantor”) guaranteed the Company’s obligations under a line of credit agreement that was entered into in 2015 and that matured and was repaid in full in 2017. The Company issued a warrant to purchase 196,800 shares of the Company’s common stock at an exercise price of ~~$1.43~~$1.43 to the Guarantor in exchange for his guaranty. See Note ~~12,~~13, “Common Stock and Common Stock Warrant.” The warrant expired on the earlier of June 12, 2020 or the completion of the IPO. InOn June 9, 2020, the Guarantor exercised the warrant to purchase 196,800 shares of the Company’s common stock resulting in net proceeds of approximately ~~$282.~~$282.

Ovabrite: Ovabrite, isInc., a Delaware corporation (“Ovabrite”), has been deemed a related party because its founders ~~are~~were stockholders of the Company, with the majority stockholder in Ovabrite also serving as the Company’s executive ~~chairman~~chairperson and member of the Company’s board of directors. Since Ovabrite’s incorporation in November 2016, the Company ishas been deemed to have had a variable interest in Ovabrite, and Ovabrite ishas been deemed to have been a VIE, of which the Company ishas been the primary beneficiary. Accordingly, the Company has consolidated the results of Ovabrite

since November 2016. All significant intercompany transactions between the Company and Ovabrite have been eliminated in consolidation. The results of operations of the Ovabrite entity iswere immaterial for the fiscal year ended December 25, 2022.

Effective August 30, 2022, Ovabrite’s board of directors and the holders of the majority of its outstanding capital stock consented to dissolving the entity, and a Certificate of Dissolution was filed with the Delaware Secretary of State. As of December 25, 2022, Ovabrite was in the process of winding up its business activities and liquidating its remaining assets. The derecognition of the Company's investment in Ovabrite resulted in a loss of $122, included in other income (expense), net in the Company's condensed consolidated statements of operations and a related-party receivable of $552, included in prepaid expenses and other current assets in the Company's consolidated balance sheets for and as of the fiscal year ended December ~~26, 2021.~~25, 2022.

Notes Receivable from Related Parties: In February 2019, the Company issued promissory notes in the aggregate amount of ~~$4,000~~$4,000 to its founder and a former member of the board of directors that is currently a board observer, both of whom are also stockholders of the Company. The promissory notes bore monthly interest at LIBOR plus ~~2.0%~~2.0% and were to mature on the earlier of August 7, 2022 or the date of closing of a liquidity transaction which is defined as a merger, consolidation or sale of the Company’s assets or such time as the notes would be prohibited by the Sarbanes-Oxley Act (“Promissory Note Maturity Date”). All unpaid principal and accrued and unpaid interest was due on the Promissory Note Maturity Date. The borrower has the ability to prepay all or any portion of the promissory note at any time without premium or penalty. In November 2019, ~~$3,200~~$3,200 of the promissory notes were repaid.

In August 2020, the remaining ~~$800~~$800 of the promissory notes were repaid. During the fiscal years ended December 25, 2022, December 26, 2021, and December 27, 2020, the Company recorded interest income of $0$0, $0, and ~~$97,~~$97, respectively, in connection with the promissory notes.

~~Manna Tree Partners:~~ In March 2019 and April 2019, the Company issued and sold an aggregate of 2,815,012 shares of common stock at a purchase price of $5.3286 per share, for an aggregate purchase price of $15,000, to entities associated with Manna Tree Partners. The co-founder and chief operating officer of Manna Tree Partners is a member of the Company’s board of directors.

Sandpebble Builders Preconstruction, Inc.: The Company utilizes Sandpebble Builders Preconstruction, Inc. ~~(“Sandpebble”~~and Sandpebble South, Inc. (collectively “Sandpebble”) for project management and related services associated with the construction and expansion of ~~Egg Central Station.~~our egg processing facilities, including site selection, project management and related services for our potential future egg packing facility. The owner and principal of Sandpebble is the father of an executive of the Company. In connection with the services described above, the Company paid Sandpebble ~~$1,037, $842,~~$962, $1,037, and ~~$556 in~~$842 during the fiscal years ended December 25, 2022, December 26, 2021, ~~2020,~~ and ~~2019,~~December 27, 2020, respectively. Amounts paid to Sandpebble are included in property, plant and ~~equipment.~~equipment, net, selling, general and administrative costs, accounts payable and accrued liabilities in the audited condensed consolidated balance sheets.

Whole Foods Market, Inc: A member of the Company’s board of directors was, until February 2022, an executive vice president and senior advisor at Whole Foods. The Company serves the majority of its natural channel retail customers through food distributors, such as US Foods Inc. and United Natural Foods, Inc., who purchase, store, sell and deliver products to Whole ~~Foods Market, Inc.~~Foods. While the Company cannot precisely determine its specific revenue attributable to Whole Foods, it is a significant customer.

~~18. 401(K)~~19. 401(k) Savings Plan

The Company established a defined contribution savings plan in 2017 under Section 401(k) of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended. This plan covers substantially all employees who meet minimum age and service requirements and allows participants to defer a portion of their annual compensation on a pre-tax basis. Company contributions to the plan may be made at the discretion of the Company’s board of directors. During the fiscal years ended December 25, 2022, December 26, 2021, and December 27, 2020, ~~and December 29, 2019,~~ the Company made contributions totaling ~~$651, $401,~~$861, $651, and ~~$246~~$401 respectively, to the plan.

~~19.~~20. Subsequent Events

~~In January 2022, management~~On February 4, 2023, the Company’s board of directors appointed Thilo Wrede as Chief Financial Officer and principal financial officer of the Company, ~~determined that~~effective on or about March 15, 2023 (the “Transition Date”). Mr. Wrede will replace Bo Meissner, who will step down from his role as Chief Financial Officer and principal financial officer, effective as of the Transition Date. As of the Transition Date, Mr. Meissner will no longer be an officer, executive or agent of the Company ~~would cease production of its breakfast bars and egg bites products effective prior~~but will remain with the Company through April 30, 2023 to ~~the end of the first quarter ending March 27, 2022. The Company expects~~ensure a smooth leadership transition, before transitioning to ~~incur charges of approximately $2.1 million related to these product discontinuations for inventory obsolescence and contract terminations during the quarter ending March 27, 2022.~~ a non-employee advisory role through July 31, 2023.

Item 9. Changes in and Disagreements with Accountants on Accounting and Financial ~~Disclosure.~~Disclosure

None.

Item 9A. Controls and ~~Procedures.~~Procedures

Evaluation of Disclosure Controls and ~~Procedures.~~ Procedures

We maintain “disclosure controls and procedures,” as defined in Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e) under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, or the Exchange Act, that are designed to ensure that information required to be disclosed in the reports that we file or submit under the Exchange Act is (1) recorded, processed, summarized and reported, within the time periods specified in the SEC’s rules and forms and (2) accumulated and communicated to our management, including our principal executive officer and principal financial officer, to allow timely decisions regarding required disclosure. Management recognizes that any controls and procedures, no matter how well designed and operated, can provide only reasonable assurance of achieving their objectives and management necessarily applies its judgment in evaluating the cost-benefit relationship of possible controls and procedures.

Our management, with the participation of our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, evaluated the effectiveness of our disclosure controls and procedures as of December ~~26, 2021~~.25, 2022. Based upon the evaluation, our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer concluded that, as of such date, our disclosure controls and procedures were effective at a reasonable assurance level.

Management’s Annual Report on Internal Control over Financial Reporting

Our management is responsible for establishing and maintaining adequate internal control over financial reporting, as defined in Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f) of the Exchange Act. Our management, under the supervision and with the participation of our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, conducted an evaluation of the effectiveness of our internal control over financial reporting as of December ~~26, 2021~~25, 2022 based on the framework in Internal Control-Integrated Framework issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission (2013 Framework). Based on the results of its evaluation, management concluded that our internal control over financial reporting was effective as of December ~~26, 2021.~~25, 2022.

Attestation Report of the Registered Public Accounting Firm

This Annual Report does not include an attestation report of our registered public accounting firm due to an exemption for “emerging growth companies.”

Changes in Internal Control over Financial ~~Reporting.~~Reporting

There were no changes in our internal control over financial reporting during the ~~quarter~~fiscal year ended December ~~26, 2021~~25, 2022 that have materially affected, or are reasonably likely to materially affect, our internal control over financial reporting.

Item 9B. Other ~~Information.~~Information

None.

Item 9C. Disclosure Regarding Foreign Jurisdictions that Prevent ~~Inspections.~~Inspections

Not Applicable.

Part III

Item 10. Directors, Executive Officers and Corporate ~~Governance.~~Governance

The information required by this item is incorporated by reference to the information set forth in the sections titled “Proposal 1 – Election of Directors,” “Executive Officers,” and “Information Regarding the Board and Corporate Governance” and “Delinquent Section 16(a) Reports,” if any, in our proxy statement for our ~~2022~~2023 annual meeting of stockholders to be filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission, within 120 days after the end of our fiscal year ended December ~~26, 2021,~~25, 2022, or the ~~2022~~2023 Proxy Statement.

Information regarding our Code of Business Conduct and Ethics, or the Code of Conduct, required by this item will be contained in our 2023 Proxy Statement under the caption "Information Regarding the Board and Corporate Governance - Code of Business Conduct and Ethics," and is hereby incorporated by reference. If we make any substantive amendments to the Code of Conduct or grant any waiver from a provision of the Code of Conduct to any executive officer or director, we will promptly disclose the nature of the amendment or waiver on its website. The full text of our Code of Conduct is available at the Investor Relations section of our website at www.vitalfarms.com. The reference to our website address does not constitute incorporation by reference of the information contained at or available through our website, and you should not consider it to be part of this Annual Report.

Item 11. Executive Compensation

The information required by this item is incorporated by reference to the information set forth in the section titled “Executive Officer and Director Compensation” in our ~~2022~~2023 Proxy Statement.

Item 12. Security Ownership of Certain Beneficial Owners and Management and Related Stockholder Matters

The information required by this item is incorporated by reference to the information set forth in the section titled “Security Ownership of Certain Beneficial Owners and Management and “Equity Compensation Plan Information” in our ~~2022~~2023 Proxy Statement.

Item 13. Certain Relationships and Related Transactions, and Director Independence

The information required by this item is incorporated by reference to the information set forth in the section titled “Transactions with Related Persons” and “Information Regarding the Board and Corporate Governance – Board Independence” in our ~~2022~~2023 Proxy Statement.

Item 14. Principal Accountant Fees and Services

The information required by this item is incorporated by reference to the information set forth in the sections titled “Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm Fees” and “Pre-Approval Policies and Procedures” contained in our ~~2022~~2023 Proxy Statement.

Part IV

Item 15. Exhibit and Financial Statement ~~Schedules.~~Schedules

(a)(1) Financial Statements.

Reference is made to the financial statements included in Item 8 of Part II hereof.

(a)(2) Financial Statement Schedules.

All schedules have been omitted because they are not required or because the required information is given in the Financial Statements or Notes thereto.

(a)(3) Exhibits.


Exhibit Number		Description
3.1		Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation, as currently in effect (incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 3.1 to the Registrant’s Current Report on Form 8-K (File No. 001-39411), filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission (the “SEC”) on August 4, 2020).
3.2		Amended and Restated Bylaws, as currently in effect (incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 3.2 to the Registrant’s Current Report on Form 8-K (File No. 001-39411), filed with the SEC on August 4, 2020).
4.1		Form of Common Stock Certificate (incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 4.1 to the Registrant’s Registration Statement on Form S-1/A (File No. 333-239772), filed with the SEC on July 24, 2020).
4.2		Ninth Amended and Restated Stockholders Agreement, by and among the Registrant and certain of its stockholders, dated July 6, 2020 (incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 10.1 to the Registrant’s Registration Statement on Form S-1 (File No. 333-239772), filed with the SEC on July 9, 2020).
4.3		Description of Registered Securities (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.3 to the Registrant’s Annual Report on Form 10-K (File No. 001-39411) filed with the SEC on March 24, 2021).
10.1+		2013 Incentive Plan (incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 10.2 to the Registrant’s Registration Statement on Form S-1 (File No. 333-239772), filed with the SEC on July 9, 2020).
10.2+		Forms of Grant Notice, Stock Option Agreement and Stock Purchase Agreement under the 2013 Incentive Plan (incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 10.3 to the Registrant’s Registration Statement on Form S-1 (File No. 333-239772), filed with the SEC on July 9, 2020).
10.3+		2020 Equity Incentive Plan (incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 4.8 to the Registrant’s Registration on Form S-8 (File No. 333-240258), filed with the SEC on July 31, 2020).
10.4+		Forms of Grant Notice, Stock Option Agreement and Notice of Exercise under the 2020 Equity Incentive Plan (incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 10.5 to the Registrant’s Registration Statement on Form S-1 (File No. 333-239772), filed with the SEC on July 9, 2020).
~~10.3+~~		Forms of Grant Notice, Stock Option Agreement and Stock Purchase Agreement under the 2013 Incentive Plan (incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 10.3 to the Registrant’s Registration Statement on Form S-1 (File No. 333-239772), filed with the SEC on July 9, 2020).
~~10.4+~~		~~2020 Equity Incentive Plan (incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 4.8 to the Registrant’s Registration on Form S-8 (File No. 333-240258), filed with the SEC on July 31, 2020).~~
10.5+		Forms of Grant Notice, Stock Option Agreement and Notice of Exercise under the 2020 Equity Incentive Plan (incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 10.5 to the Registrant’s Registration Statement on Form S-1 (File No. 333-239772), filed with the SEC on July 9, 2020).
~~10.6+~~		Forms of Employee Restricted Stock Unit Grant Notice and Award Agreement under the 2020 Equity Incentive Plan (incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 10.6 to the Registrant’s Registration Statement on Form S-1 (File No. 333-239772), filed with the SEC on July 9, 2020).
~~10.7+~~10.6+		Forms of Non-Employee Director Restricted Stock Unit Grant Notice and Award Agreement under the 2020 Equity Incentive Plan (incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 10.7 to the Registrant’s Registration Statement on Form S-1 (File No. 333-239772), filed with the SEC on July 9, 2020).
~~10.8+~~10.7+		2020 Employee Stock Purchase Plan (incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 4.12 to the Registrant’s Registration on Form S-8 (File No. 333-240258), filed with the SEC on July 31, 2020).
~~10.9+~~10.8+		Form of Indemnity Agreement, by and between the Registrant and each director and executive officer (incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 10.9 to the Registrant’s Registration Statement on Form S-1 (File No. 333-239772), filed with the SEC on July 9, 2020).
~~10.10+~~10.9+		Non-Employee Director Compensation Policy (incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit ~~10.8~~10.1 to the Registrant’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q (File No. 001-39411), filed with the SEC on November ~~10, 2020)~~3, 2022).
~~10.11+~~10.10+		Second Amended and Restated Employment Agreement between the Registrant and Russell Diez-Canseco, dated as of ~~July 9, 2020~~April 1, 2022 (incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit ~~10.11~~10.1 to the Registrant’s ~~Registration Statement~~Quarterly Report on Form ~~S-1~~10-Q (File No. ~~333-239772)~~001-39411), filed with the SEC on ~~July 9, 2020)~~May 5, 2022).


~~10.12+~~10.11+		Offer Letter between the Registrant and Joanne Bal, dated as of March 5, 2021 (incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 10.12 to the Registrant's Annual Report on Form 10-K (File No. 001-39411) filed with the SEC on March 10, 2022)..
~~10.13+~~10.12+		Offer Letter between the Registrant and Stephanie Coon, dated as of May 24, 2021 (incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 10.13 to the Registrant's Annual Report on Form 10-K (File No. 001-39411) filed with the SEC on March 10, 2022)..
~~10.14+~~10.13+		Second Amended and Restated Employment Agreement between the Registrant and Jason Dale, dated as of ~~July 9, 2020 (incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 10.12 to the Registrant’s Registration Statement on Form S-1 (File No. 333-239772), filed with the SEC on July 9, 2020).~~
~~10.15+~~		~~Offer Letter between the Registrant and Jeffrey S. Dawson, dated as of January 4, 2021~~April 1, 2022 (incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 10.2 to the Registrant’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q (File No. 001-39411), filed with the SEC on May ~~11, 2021)~~5, 2022).
~~10.16+~~10.14+		Offer Letter between the Registrant and Kathryn McKeon, dated as of January 10, 2022 (incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 10.16 to the Registrant's Annual Report on Form 10-K (File No. 001-39411) filed with the SEC on March 10, 2022)..
~~10.17+~~10.15+		Offer Letter between the Registrant and Bo Meissner, dated as of June 30, 2020 (incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 10.13 to the Registrant’s Annual Report on Form 10-K (File. No. 001-39411) filed with the SEC on March 24, 2021).
~~10.18+~~10.16+		Offer Letter between the Registrant and Peter Pappas, dated as of October 30, 2020 (incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 10.15 to the Registrant’s Annual Report on Form 10-K (File. No. 001-39411) filed with the SEC on March 24, 2021).
~~10.19~~10.17+		Change in Control Severance Plan, effective March 31, 2022, and form Participation Agreement (incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 10.3 to the Registrant's Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q (File No. 001-39411), filed with the SEC on May 5, 2022).
10.18		Revolving Credit, Term Loan and Security Agreement, by and between the Registrant, the Borrowers party thereto, the Lenders party thereto and PNC Bank, National Association (as Lender and as Agent), dated October 4, 2017 (incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 10.15 to the Registrant’s Registration Statement on Form S-1 (File No. 333-239772), filed with the SEC on July 9, 2020).
~~10.20~~10.19		First Amendment to Revolving Credit, Term Loan and Security Agreement, by and between the Registrant, the Borrowers party thereto, the Lenders party thereto and PNC Bank, National Association (as Lender and as Agent), dated April 13, 2018 (incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 10.16 to the Registrant’s Registration Statement on Form S-1 (File No. 333-239772), filed with the SEC on July 9, 2020).
~~10.21~~10.20		Second Amendment to Revolving Credit, Term Loan and Security Agreement, by and between the Registrant, the Borrowers party thereto, the Lenders party thereto and PNC Bank, National Association (as Lender and as Agent), dated April 28, 2018 (incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 10.17 to the Registrant’s Registration Statement on Form S-1 (File No. 333-239772), filed with the SEC on July 9, 2020).
~~10.22~~10.21		Third Amendment to Revolving Credit, Term Loan and Security Agreement, by and between the Registrant, the Borrowers party thereto, the Lenders party thereto and PNC Bank, National Association (as Lender and as Agent), dated February 7, 2019 (incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 10.18 to the Registrant’s Registration Statement on Form S-1 (File No. 333-239772), filed with the SEC on July 9, 2020).
~~10.23~~10.22		Fourth Amendment to Revolving Credit, Term Loan and Security Agreement, by and between the Registrant, the Borrowers party thereto, the Lenders party thereto and PNC Bank, National Association (as Lender and as Agent), dated February 24, 2020 (incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 10.19 to the Registrant’s Registration Statement on Form S-1 (File No. 333-239772), filed with the SEC on July 9, 2020).
~~10.24~~10.23		Fifth Amendment to Revolving Credit, Term Loan and Security Agreement, by and between the Registrant, the Borrowers party thereto, the Lenders party thereto and PNC Bank, National Association (as Lender and as Agent), dated May 11, 2020 (incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 10.20 to the Registrant’s Registration Statement on Form S-1 (File No. 333-239772), filed with the SEC on July 9, 2020).
~~10.25~~10.24		Amended and Restated Revolving Credit Note executed and delivered by the Registrant and the Borrowers party thereto, dated May 11, 2020 (incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 10.21 to the Registrant’s Registration Statement on Form S-1 (File No. 333-239772), filed with the SEC on July 9, 2020).
~~10.26~~10.25		Sixth Amendment to Revolving Credit, Term Loan and Security Agreement, by and between the Registrant, the Borrowers party thereto, the Lenders party thereto and PNC Bank, National Association (as Lender and as Agent), dated June 18, 2020 (incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 10.22 to the Registrant’s Registration Statement on Form S-1 (File No. 333-239772), filed with the SEC on July 9, 2020).
~~10.27~~10.26		Amended and Restated Term Loan Note executed and delivered by the Registrant and the Borrowers party thereto, dated June 18, 2020 (incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 10.23 to the Registrant’s Registration Statement on Form S-1 (File No. 333-239772), filed with the SEC on July 9, 2020).
~~10.28~~10.27		Seventh Amendment to Revolving Credit, Term Loan and Security Agreement, by and between the Registrant, the Borrowers party thereto, the Lenders party thereto and PNC Bank, National Association (as Lender and as Agent), dated


		July 8, 2020 (incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 10.24 to the Registrant’s Registration Statement on Form S-1 (File No. 333-239772), filed with the SEC on July 9, 2020).
~~10.29~~10.28		Eighth Amendment to Revolving Credit, Term Loan and Security Agreement, by and between the Registrant, the Borrowers party thereto, the Lenders party thereto and PNC Bank, National Association (as Lender and as Agent), dated October 5, 2020 (incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 10.26 to the Registrant’s Annual Report on Form 10-K (File No. 001-39411), filed with the SEC on March 24, 2021).

~~10.30~~10.29		Ninth Amendment to Revolving Credit, Term Loan and Term Loan and Security Agreement, by and between the Registrant, the Borrowers party thereto, the Lenders party thereto and PNC Bank, National Association (as Lender and as Agent), dated April 2, 2021 (incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 10.1 to the Registrant’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q (File No. 001-39411), filed with the SEC on August 10, 2021).
~~10.31~~10.30		Tenth Amendment to Revolving Credit, Term Loan and Term Loan and Security Agreement, by and between the Registrant, the Borrowers party thereto, the Lenders party thereto and PNC Bank, National Association (as Lender and as Agent), dated December 29, 2022.
10.31		Second Amended and Restated Revolving Credit Note executed and delivered by the Registrant and the Borrowers party thereto, dated April 2, 2021 (incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 10.1 to the Registrant’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q (File No. 001-39411), filed with the SEC on August 10, 2021).
21.1		List of Subsidiaries of Company.
23.1		Consent of KPMG LLP, independent registered public accounting firm.
31.1		Certification of Principal Executive Officer Pursuant to Rules 13a-14(a) and 15d-14(a) under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as Adopted Pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.
31.2		Certification of Principal Financial Officer Pursuant to Rules 13a-14(a) and 15d-14(a) under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as Adopted Pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.
32.1*		Certification of Principal Executive Officer and Principal Financial Officer pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.

101.INS		Inline XBRL Instance Document

101.SCH		Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Schema Document

101.CAL		Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Calculation Linkbase Document

101.DEF		Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Definition Linkbase Document

101.LAB		Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Label Linkbase Document

101.PRE		Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Presentation Linkbase Document

104		Cover Page Interactive Data File (embedded within the Inline XBRL document)

+	~~Indicates a management contract or compensatory plan.~~

Furnished herewith and not deemed to be “filed” for purposes of Section 18 of the Exchange Act, and shall not be deemed to be incorporated by reference into any filing under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, or the Exchange Act (whether made before or after the date of the Form 10-K), irrespective of any general incorporation language contained in such filing.

+ Indicates a management contract or compensatory plan.

* Furnished herewith and not deemed to be “filed” for purposes of Section 18 of the Exchange Act, and shall not be deemed to be incorporated by reference into any filing under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, or the Exchange Act (whether made before or after the date of the Form 10-K), irrespective of any general incorporation language contained in such filing.

Item 16. Form 10–K ~~Summary.~~Summary

None.

SIGNATURES

~~SIGNATURES~~

Pursuant to the requirements of Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized.


	VITAL FARMS, INC.

Date: March ~~10, 2022~~9, 2023	By:	/s/ Russell Diez-Canseco
	Name:	Russell Diez-Canseco
	Title:	President and Chief Executive Officer

POWER OF ATTORNEY

Each person whose individual signature appears below hereby authorizes and appoints Russell Diez-Canseco and Bo Meissner, and each of them, with full power of substitution and resubstitution and full power to act without the other, as his or her true and lawful attorney-in-fact and agent to act in his or her name, place and stead and to execute in the name and on behalf of each person, individually and in each capacity stated below, and to file any and all amendments to this Annual Report on Form 10-K, and to file the same, with all exhibits thereto, and other documents in connection therewith, with the Securities and Exchange Commission, granting unto said attorneys-in-fact and agents, and each of them, full power and authority to do and perform each and every act and thing, ratifying and confirming all that said attorneys-in-fact and agents or any of them or their or his substitute or substitutes may lawfully do or cause to be done by virtue thereof.

Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Act of 1934, this report has been signed below by the following persons, on behalf of the registrant and in the capacities and on the dates indicated:


Signature	Title	Date

/s/ Russell Diez-Canseco	President, Chief Executive Officer and Director	March ~~10, 2022~~9, 2023
Russell Diez-Canseco	(Principal Executive Officer)

/s/ Bo Meissner	Chief Financial Officer	March ~~10, 2022~~9, 2023
Bo Meissner	(Principal Financial Officer)

/s/ Jeffery S. Dawson	Chief Accounting Officer	March ~~10, 2022~~9, 2023
Jeffery S. Dawson	(Principal Accounting Officer)

/s/ Matthew O’Hayer	Executive ~~Chairman~~Chairperson and Director	March ~~10, 2022~~9, 2023
Matthew O’Hayer

/s/ Kofi Amoo-Gottfried	Director	March ~~10, 2022~~9, 2023
Kofi Amoo-Gottfried

/s/ ~~Brent Drever~~Glenda Flanagan	Director	March ~~10, 2022~~9, 2023
~~Brent Drever~~Glenda Flanagan

/s/ ~~Glenda Flanagan~~Kelly Kennedy	Director	March ~~10, 2022~~9, 2023
~~Glenda Flanagan~~Kelly Kennedy

/s/ ~~Kelly Kennedy~~Karl Khoury	Director	March ~~10, 2022~~9, 2023
~~Kelly Kennedy~~Karl Khoury

~~/s/ Karl Khoury~~	~~Director~~	~~March 10, 2022~~
~~Karl Khoury~~

/s/ Denny Marie Post	Director	March ~~10, 2022~~9, 2023
Denny Marie Post

/s/ Gisel Ruiz	Director	March ~~10, 2022~~9, 2023
Gisel Ruiz

9193


Delaware	27-0496985
(State or other jurisdiction of incorporation or organization)	(I.R.S. Employer Identification No.)

3601 South Congress Avenue Suite C100 Austin, Texas	78704
(Address of principal executive offices)	(Zip Code)


		Page
	Special Note Regarding Forward-Looking Statements	2

PART I
Item 1.	Business	4
Item 1A.	Risk Factors	1718
Item 1B.	Unresolved Staff Comments	4443
Item 2.	Properties	44
Item 3.	Legal Proceedings	44
Item 4.	Mine Safety Disclosures	44

PART II
Item 5.	Market for Registrant’s Common Equity, Related Stockholder Matters and Issuer Purchases of Equity Securities	45
Item 6.	[Reserved]	46
Item 7.	Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations	47
Item 7A.	Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk	59
Item 8.	Financial Statements and Supplementary Data	61
Item 9.	Changes in and Disagreements with Accountants on Accounting and Financial Disclosure	8688
Item 9A.	Controls and Procedures	8688
Item 9B.	Other Information	8688
Item 9C.	Disclosure Regarding Foreign Jurisdictions that Prevent Inspections	8688

PART III
Item 10.	Directors, Executive Officers and Corporate Governance	8789
Item 11.	Executive Compensation	8789
Item 12.	Security Ownership of Certain Beneficial Owners and Management and Related Stockholder Matters	8789
Item 13.	Certain Relationships and Related Transactions, and Director Independence	8789
Item 14.	Principal Accountant Fees and Services	8789

PART IV
Item 15.	Exhibit and Financial Statement Schedules	8890
Item 16	Form 10-K Summary	9092


Stakeholders	Guiding Principles
Farmers and Suppliers	• Forming strong relationships with our network of more than 300 family farms, who are the foundation of our resilient and reliable supply chain
Customers and Consumers	• Delivering the transparency and quality around food products that today's consumers demand
Crew Members	• Empowering our crew members by investing in their financial security, development and overall well-being
Community and Environment	• Investing in our community and being conscious stewards of the environment
Stockholders	• Building a sustainable company for the long term by delivering stockholder value


Number of Stores	~~Net Revenue~~	Net Revenue	Gross Profit
(thousands)	~~$MM~~	$MM	$MM


Index to Financial Statements

Report of Independent Registered Accounting Firm (KPMG LLP, Austin, TX, PCAOB ID: ~~185)~~185)		62

Consolidated Balance Sheets		63

Consolidated Statements of Operations		64

Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income		65

Consolidated Statements of Redeemable Convertible Preferred Stock, Redeemable Noncontrolling Interest and Stockholders’ Equity		66

Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows		6768

Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements		6869


Large accelerated filer	☐	Accelerated filer	☒
Non-accelerated filer	☐	Smaller reporting company	☐
		Emerging growth company	☒


~~Refrigerated Eggs~~ ⁽²⁾	~~Refrigerated Butter~~ ⁽³⁾

	Payments Due by Period
	Total		Less than 1 Year		1 to 3 Years		4 to 5 Years		More than 5 Years
	(in thousands)
Capital lease obligations	$	327	$	327	$	—	$	—	$	—
Operating lease commitments		3,654		1,476		2,063		115		—
Facility Expansion		6,300		6,300		—		—		—
Total	$	10,281	$	8,103	$	2,063	$	115	$	—

	Net Revenue Year Ended December 26, 2021	Net Revenue Year Ended December 27, 2020	Net Revenue Year Ended December 29, 2019	Accounts Receivable, Net As Of December 26, 2021	Accounts Receivable, Net As Of December 27, 2020
Customer A	18%	15%	35%	19%	*
Customer B	14%	18%	*	*	20%
Customer C	10%	12%	11%	*	*
Customer D	12%	13%	14%	13%	15%


	Net Revenue Year Ended December 25, 2022	Net Revenue Year Ended December 26, 2021	Net Revenue Year Ended December 27, 2020	Accounts Receivable, Net as of December 25, 2022	Accounts Receivable, Net as of December 26, 2021
Customer A	26%	18%	15%	23%	19%
Customer B	*	14%	18%	*	*
Customer C	*	10%	12%	*	*
Customer D	11%	12%	13%	12%	13%
Customer E	*	*	*	13%	12%

	Fair Value Measurements as of December 26, 2021, Using:
Liabilities:	Level 1		Level 2		Level 3		Total
Contingent consideration, current	$	—	$	—	$	19	$	19
Contingent consideration, non-current		—		—		-		-
Total liabilities measured at fair value	$	—	$	—	$	19	$	19

Unobservable Input	December 26, 2021		December 27, 2020
Estimated dozens of eggs to be supplied		275,250		1,885,660
Royalty rate per dozen eggs	$	0.07	$	0.07
Estimated future royalty expense	$	19	$	132
Discount interval (in years)		0.5		1.4

	December 26, 2021		December 27, 2020
Accrued promotions and expired product credits	$	3,599	$	2,724
Accrued employee related costs		3,039		3,718
Accrued offering costs		—		123
Accrued distribution fees and freight		3,875		436
Accrued accounting and legal fees		344		238
Accrued marketing and commissions		769		739
Accrued purchases of inventory		1,197		1,088
Property, plant and equipment		1,258		502
Other		1,043		277
Accrued liabilities	$	15,124	$	9,845

	Number of RSUs			Weighted- Average Fair Price
Unvested as of December 29, 2019		—		$	—
Granted		48,097		$	37.63
Vested		(3,097	)	$	37.97
Forfeited		—		$	—
Unvested as of December 27, 2020		45,000		$	37.61
Granted		80,324		$	23.71
Vested		(15,000	)	$	37.61
Forfeited		(2,457	)	$	25.78
Unvested as of December 26, 2021		107,867		$	27.53